— Power Factor Correction (PFC) is one of the research areas in the field of power electronics due to the enormous power required in various industrial applications. In this work, a SEPIC converter with the Tapped Inductor model which is operated in Discontinuous current Conduction Mode (TI-SEPIC-DCM) is proposed for a BLDC Drive. The proposed TI-SEPIC-DCM also improves the voltage gain with the help of voltage multiplier cell and charge pump circuit. It also helps in attaining the ZVS and ZCS, which results in higher switching frequency range and reduction in size reduction. Moreover, a third order harmonic reduction control loop is also proposed to attain a better third order harmonic elimination. The proposed work has been simulated using MATLAB simulink and the results are also validated. This paper proposed an efficient PFC Converter for BLDC motor applications. The proposed TI-SEPIC-DCM for BLDC motor application. The results are simulated for dynamic varying conditions such as varying the speed of the BLDC motor. The converter results are obtained for the rated conditions.. It is clear that THD results are obtained for third order harmonic reduction with minimal THD (4.94%). Thus, the proposed converter results in near unity PF improvement through third order harmonic reduction for BLDC motor application.


We present a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator whose output characteristics have been controlled using adaptive pulse-shaping techniques. The principles for applying adaptive-control are explored, including the use of simulated-annealing algorithms and various feedback parameters.


We investigated the atomic structure of the Te/Si(100)-(2x1) surface using the density functional theory. A new model of reconstruction for this surface, based on a two-layers scheme, is proposed. In this model, Te atoms are situated in twofold bridge sites in the first two layers. Small shifts of Te atoms, with respect to the perfect bridge positions, are noticed in one of the two layers and probably give rise to a slightly disordered surface. This model is in agreement with all the experimental data available and in particular with the experimentally observed Te coverage of one monolayer. Comparison between total energies obtained for this surface and the Te/Si(100)-(1x1) surface shows a better stability for the (2x1) in agreement with what has been reported in the literature.


Uterine torsion is defined as a rotation of more than 45° around the longitudinal axis of one or both uterine horns more commonly observed in multiparous females. Nonspecific clinical signs generally reflect abdominal pain. Diagnosis is confirmed by exploratory celiotomy. Surgical treatment is urgent and should be performed as soon as possible. This assay reports the uterine torsion diagnosed in an 11-year-old mixed breed cat. The patient was referred with severe lethargy, hypothermia, abdominal pain and bloody vaginal discharge. Its mucous membranes were pale and dry, the extremities were cold, estimated dehydration was 10% and peripheral pulse was not palpable. The patient also had bloating and abdominal tenderness. The ultrasound exam revealed the presence of fetuses without heartbeat and a small amount of free liquid in the abdominal cavity. The patient was referred for ovariohysterectomy surgery after emergency treatment. The resection in bloc technique was performed removing both ovaries and uterus. Despite the intensive care, the animal did not recover and died hours later.


CJD is a fatal neurodegenerative disease without successful therapy. Many variants in PRNP gene was established as causative gene for Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease, but it does not define all CJD cases. Pathological overlap may be possible between CJD and AD.


Tai Chi soft-strength ball is an emerging ball game with the national characteristic and similar to Tai Chi.This paper,on the basis of literature review,analyzed Tai Chi soft-strength ball own characteristics and the influence on college student's body and mind.The main purpose is to provide some suggestions for development as a sports option curriculum in university.


We prepared photomobile polymer fibers with anthracene side groups and explored their photomechanical properties. Upon irradiation with UV light, the fiber bent toward an actinic light source. The ...


In their article, Baughman and colleagues (1) reported that infliximab therapy in patients with chronic sarcoidosis was associated with a significant improvement in percent predicted FVC after 24 weeks of therapy in a cohort of 138 patients. However, no benefit was demonstrated on the endpoints of the six-minutewalk test (6MWT), St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), or Borg's CR10 dyspnea score. Post hoc analyses further suggested a greater benefit in patients with more severe disease. The authors conclude that the clinical relevance of the observedFVC improvement remains unclear. Nevertheless, they suggest that their data support further evaluation of anti–TNFtherapy in severe chronic sarcoidosis. In our opinion, the conclusions are too optimistic. This may lead to an uncontrolled use of infliximab in patients with chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis outside new study protocols. First, there is a clear limitation of the study in using FVC percent predicted as primary endpoint. Pulmonary function tests characteristically reveal a restrictive pattern with a reduction in DlCO, although it is not unusual for lung function to be normal (2). Endobronchial sarcoidosis may lead to impairment of airflow and obstructive respiratory physiology. There might be several reasons for a decrease in FVC—for example, bad performance or obesity. Measurement of TLC, RV, and DlCO might be more powerful in reflecting improvement of lung function. In our opinion, measurement of dynamic lung volumes is insufficient to reflect the changes occurring in sarcoidosis with pulmonary involvement. An improvement of 2.8% FVC percent predicted corresponds to an absolute increase of only about 0.080 L. Furthermore, endobronchial disease exists in approximately 70% of patients with stage II or III disease. Thus, changes in FEV1 would also be of interest (not mentioned in the article). Even the improvement in radiological findings remains questionable. There is no indication of the severity of sarcoidosis in the study population investigated.A radiological classification of patients into stages II to IVmight be helpful. Furthermore, a computed tomography scan would be more helpful to observe changes in radiological findings concerning both pulmonary involvement and the status of hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The study protocol has shown that the use of infliximab in these patients seems to be safe. On the other hand, O'Shea and colleagues reported the development of pulmonary sarcoidosis occurring in the context of infliximab treatment for ankylosing spondylitis (3). Since the study design shows several limitations, the investigators cannot suggest a potential beneficial effect of this expensive drug or propose further evaluation.


Objective To study the clinical relationship between Hashimoto disease and thyroid cancer and its diagnosis,treatment and prognosis results.MethodsA retrospective analysis was made on 56 cases with Hashimoto disease treated since 2004 to 2008,in which 36 cases were coexistent with thyroid carcinoma.ResultsThe incident rate of thyroid carcinoma was 30.51 %(36/ 118).All patients with nodules received thyroidectomy.All postoperative patients were followed up.The average survival period of thyroid cancer was 4.5 years and without any recurrence.ConclusionsPatients with nodules should be treated by surgery.The clinical diagnosis of coexistence of Hashimoto disease and thyroid cancer is still difficult to diagnose.The key to diagnosis and rational treatment includes detailed understanding of clinical feature,routine examination of serum antibodies and scintigraphic thyroid scan or FNAC and quick frozen pathologic section during the operation.


We showed previously that pulsed dye laser (PDL) is a potentially effective therapy for BCCs <15 mm on trunk and extremities. To follow‐up, we conducted a study based on optimized parameters and expanded the duration of the study to at least 1 year after treatment.


In this graduation thesis we have checked the quality of RTK-point positioning in the coordinate
system ETRS89 with various occupation durations. The occupation durations were related to the
interval from 5 seconds and up to 5 minutes after the successful initialization. The process of
identifying differences has been performed similar to the methodology of RTK-instrument testing
according to the standard ISO17123-8. First we have established a three-point network at the area of
Trbovlje and further performed static GNSS measurements. By several different post-processing
strategies we have acquired coordinates that were used as the reference for further studies. We have
used observations from three permanent stations of the national continuously operating reference
station network SIGNAL, i.e. Trebnje, Celje, Ljubljana and finally also VRS station to acquire final
coordinates from post-processing. Meanwhile we have tried to find out the minimal occupation
duration for quality baseline determination from fast-static measurements. Positions of the three points
were determined using Leica 900 instrument for RTK-method performance. Positions were
determined by several independent initializations and by different occupation durations. We have
found that in the case of the instrument Leica 900 there are no significant differences between
positions of detail points, acquired from different occupation durations after the initialization.


In mathematical models, the decoupling of the kinetics of nutrient assimilation and growth under transient conditions is traditionally handled by using either time lags (which are dynamically unsatisfactory) or multiple intracellular nutrient compartments (which are difficult to paramaterize). We use the estimated time required for nutrient processing to calculate the quantity of processed nutrient held within the cells. We then determine growth rate by the mean cell content of processed nutrient. The resulting model successfully simulates the transient growth of nitrogen-limited cultures of Chlamydomonas reinhardii and Isochrysis galbana. The model can be fully parameterized from relatively simple data sets and generates overshoots and time delays without exhibiting the dynamical instability characteristic of previously published time-lag formulations.


Abstract White shrimp vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) is the main commodities among shrimp farmers because it has a rapid growth, can be cultivated with high density and world market demand is large enough .Since being introduced in Indonesia, vannamei shrimp has spread to the north of East Java pesisisr like Probolinggo, Pasuruan, Lamongan and Tuban. Shrimp growth factors are must be faced on vannamei shrimp culture, including the problems of disease. One type of virus disease is an Infectious Myo Necrosis Virus (IMNV). IMNV has affecting to the 70% of shrimp mortality (Tang et al., 2008). This study aims to determine the distribution of IMNV on white shrimp vannamei from the northern coast of East Java. This research uses descriptive method by taking samples from five different location which 75 samples totaly. In this research also take the water quality parameter including pH, DO, salinity and temperature. Whole of the samples performed the PCR test to determine how many samples which is indicating of IMNV. Based on measurements of water quality at five different locations, the plots I, II and III obtained the temperature range between 29.3-30.2 °C, salinity 90-30 ppt, pH 7.5-7.9, and DO 3.8-5.7 ppm. Temperature, pH and DO parameters show normally on white shrimp vannamei, while salinity shows different valve from normal conditions. Abnormallity happened in Situbondo with the salinity betwen 32-33 ppt and Pasuruan betwen 9-10 ppt. Results showed that the number of the lowest infection is Lamongan (53%) following Probolinggo (60%), Tuban (67%), Pasuruan (73%) and the highest is from Situbondo (100%)


Batch extractive distillation process was chosen to separate tert-butyl alcohol-water mixture and the ethylene glycol as solvent.The effect of reflux ratio,solvent feeding speed and solvent feeding temperature was analyzed.The best operating conditions were that the reflux ratio was 2,solvent feeding speed was 5.1 g/min,the solvent feeding temperature was 90 ℃.Under those conditions,the mass fraction of tert-butyl alcohol could reach 98.41%.The batch extractive distillation column was simulated by Aspen plus software,and an agreement was found between the predicted and the experimental data.


SIR THOMAS LE\,\"IS said in the preface to his classical study of pain" Reflection tells me that I am so far from being able satisfactorily to define pain of which I here write, that the attempt could serve no useful purpose," and indeed whilst we all feel we have some understanding of this subject, we must agree with this jud.gement. There are some authors who in a spirit of scientific inquiry have attempted by definition to separate that sensation reported by a healthy subject when his skin is crushed or pricked, from the word pain used for an obsession or distress of mind because the subject cannot describe it in any other way, but even these gross divergencies have a way of ending up intimately mingled. The perplexities of the philosopher and the physiologist, however, need not obscure certain practical considerations which arise from their interesting, corr.plex and as yet far from complete investigations. From a clinical point of view two points can hardly be reiterated too often. One must be made plain to the patient that the severity and, more important, the duration of pain is not directly proportional to the ominous nature or otherwise of the underlying pathology. And secondly that fact of which the physician must constantly remind himself, that the more central is the pain in relationship to the body, the more menace it will have for the sufferer.


Most animals undergo seasonal changes in physiology and behavior. In many vertebrates the annual cycle of reproductive and other functions is regulated by photoperiod. The critical photoperiod has been determined in the Syrian hamster. Twelve and a half hours of light or more maintained gonadal activity, but 12 hours or less induced regression. Photoperiod in early life is also known to regulate the age at which puberty is attained. Djungarian hamsters and white-footed mice raised from after birth in long and short photodays reach puberty at different ages. But the Syrian hamster is a photoperiodic seasonal breeder in which the attainment of puberty is totally independent of photoperiod. The present study is to investigate the developmental difference of photoperiodic responsiveness of Syrian hamsters in the reproductive function as well as in the growth rate of body weight.


Letter to the Paymaster General that transportation was furnished to Baltimore MD for Joseph Freeman at the cost of $2.06.


In this paper we have examined the effect of dust charge density on nonlinear ion acoustic solitary wave which propagates obliquely with respect to the external magnetic field in a dusty plasma. For the dusty charge density below a critical value, the Sagdeev potential has a singular point in the region n


Patients with SSc have the presence of several autoantibodies, some of which are SSc-specific antibodies associated with the clinical features of SSc (9-13). The presence of anti-topoisomerase I (topo-I) antibody is associated with the development of skin fibrosis and progressive ILD in SSc. Anti-centromere antibody (ACA) is seen in patients with limited skin disease and is a minor risk factor for the development of ILD. However, it remains unclear whether SSc-specific antibodies are associated with pulmonary function and radiological findings of HRCT. We divided SSc patients into 5 clusters on the basis of SSc-specific autoantibodies present and retrospectively evaluated the clinical and radiological features of ILD among these 5 SSc patient clusters. Abstract Background: Patients with systemic sclerosis have the presence of several autoantibodies, some of which are systemic sclerosis-specific autoantibodies that are related to the clinical features of this disease. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical and radiological features of systemic sclerosis in patients with interstitial lung disease on the basis of these autoantibodies. Method: This study comprised 226 patients with systemic sclerosis. We divided patients with systemic sclerosis into 5 clusters based on the systemic sclerosis-specific autoantibodies present and compared the clinical and radiological features of interstitial lung disease among these 5 systemic sclerosis clusters. Results: Of 226 patients, interstitial lung disease was present in 73 (32.3%) patients. Clustering by Ward cluster analysis subsequently identified 5 major clusters of patients. Clusters of patients with anti-topoisomerase I antibody and without systemic sclerosis-specific autoantibodies had a higher incidence of interstitial lung disease compared to the other clusters (75.0% and 51.9%, respectively). Patients in these two clusters had higher percentages of cough and dyspnea, higher incidence of traction bronchiectasis and honeycomb-like cysts in computed tomography, and a decrease in percentage predicted of vital capacity. In contrast, patients with anti-centromere antibody had few clinical and laboratory findings and the lowest incidence of interstitial lung disease (16.8%). Patients with anti- ribonucleic antibody or nucleolar pattern in anti-nuclear antibody had moderate findings among the 5 clusters. Conclusion: The results showed that there were differences in clinical and radiological findings among patients with systemic sclerosis-specific autoantibodies.


A review of the literature was undertaken concerning maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy. A link between this behavior and an increased incidence of behavioral disorders, specifically Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was explored. The review was performed using Medline, CINAHL, and Pubmed. Search terms used were maternal smoking, ADHD, and behavioral disorders. Maternal smoking during pregnancy appears to be associated with an increased incidence of ADHD in childhood. A direct causative relationship has not been established. However, after controlling for other potential variables such as maternal age, education and socioeconomic status, it can be concluded that smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for the development of ADHD in childhood. The development of childhood behavior disorders is likely a lesserknown effect of maternal smoking. This information can be used to alert physician assistants and other clinicians to a potentially preventable common childhood cognitive disorder. INTRODUCTION It is estimated that 46.5 million adults in the United States smoke cigarettes on a daily basis.1 This common behavior will result in death or disability for one half of these individuals. According to the Center for Disease Control, tobacco use is the number one preventable cause of death and disability in the United States. Nationally, smoking results in more than 5.6 million years of potential life lost each year.1 Even more disturbing are the statistics involving pregnant women. A study conducted by Colman and Joyce indicated that quit rates during pregnancy have remained relatively constant over the preceding decade.2 Between 1993 and 1999 quit rates during pregnancy rose only from 37%-40%.2 In 1990 approximately 18.0% of pregnant women in the 25-29 age group reported smoking. In 2001 the National Vital Statistics Report estimated that 14% of pregnant women in this age group reported smoking.1 Smoking has been demonstrated to have an undeniably harmful effect on a developing fetus. Maternal smoking during pregnancy has been linked to low birth weight, higher rates of spontaneous abortion and an increased need for neonatal ICU care following birth. There are some commonly known effects of maternal smoking such as an increased incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), increased incidence of asthma in childhood, and a predisposition to respiratory infections and acute otitis media. Research has noted that children of smoking mothers are at an increased risk for pneumonia, bronchitis, tracheitis and laryngitis.3 Additionally, there are emerging data that indicate children exposed to tobacco smoke in utero have an increased incidence of behavioral problems, particularly ADHD, later in childhood.4 Maternal Smoking Contributes to the Development of Childhood ADHD 2 © The Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice, 2005 METHODOLOGY The framework for this project was a detailed literature review to summarize and discuss maternal smoking as a risk factor for developing behavioral problems in childhood. This was accomplished through a literature review utilizing Medline, Pub Med and CINAHL. Key search terms included maternal smoking, ADHD, behavioral disorders, nicotine exposure and prenatal risk. In addition to articles and research pertaining to maternal smoking as it relates to behavioral disorders, diagnoses of ADHD was also thoroughly explored. MATERNAL SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY The percentage of smoking in the general population is declining according to many recent studies. However, the rate of decline is slowest among women of childbearing age.5 The rates of smoking during pregnancy have been trending downward over the preceding several decades. However, rates have remained fairly stable in the last several years. In 1999 an estimated 13% of U.S. women reported smoking during pregnancy.2 According to data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) the percentage of women who report smoking cessation during pregnancy varies by age, parity and education. Pregnant teens were more likely to quit than older women. Women delivering a first child were more likely to quit than women who had previously delivered at least one other child. As expected, education was also a significant predictor of quitting. College-educated women were significantly more likely to quit smoking during pregnancy. Of note is that this group of women also exhibited significantly lower rates of smoking prior to pregnancy. Additionally, the intensity of smoking prior to pregnancy proved to be a major predictor of quitting. Approximately 62% of women who smoked ten or fewer cigarettes per day prior to pregnancy quit before delivery. This compares to approximately 30% of women who smoked more than ten cigarettes per day prior to pregnancy.2 The harmful effects of maternal smoking begin almost immediately upon conception when nicotine begins to pass across the placenta rapidly. Fetal concentrations of nicotine are often 15% above maternal levels.6 Women who smoke during pregnancy have alarmingly higher incidences of spontaneous abortion and placenta previa, lower birth weight babies and a greater need for neonatal ICU care after delivery. Annually, five percent of perinatal deaths and fourteen percent of preterm deliveries in the United States have been attributed to maternal smoking.3 In addition to these commonly known effects of maternal smoking, new evidence is emerging implicating smoking during pregnancy in one of the most common behavioral disorders of childhood. Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder has been substantially linked to maternal smoking in a variety of studies. This is troublesome as it indicates that smoking during pregnancy has an effect not only on a child's physical health, but on his or her cognitive functioning as well. Extensive studies have documented the effects of maternal smoking on the developing fetus. These effects are thought to be due to three distinct pathways. First, cigarette-smoking compromises maternal-fetal blood flow which negatively effects perfusion to the fetus. This decreased perfusion could lead to abnormalities in the neural development of the fetus. Second, nicotine has been shown to facilitate apoptosis leading to an overall reduction in cell number in the fetus. Third, exposure to nicotine leads to long-term effects on monoamine systems. Monoamine systems have been shown to play a role in many psychiatric disorders, most notably ADHD and other neuro-behavioral disorders.4 ATTENTION DEFICIT / HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER Childhood behavioral disorders have become increasingly prevalent over the past decade. ADHD has become the most common mental health disorder of childhood, affecting approximately 3-5% of the population with onset in early childhood. Although the disorder is more prevalent in males, it affects both genders. Many young children display deficits in the areas of patience, thinking ahead and concentration. However, most of these children will show improvement in these areas as they grow. Children with ADHD continue to struggle with inattention and impulsivity throughout childhood and often into adulthood.9 Due to wide variations in the rate of growth and development of children, it is often difficult for parents and teachers to distinguish normal ageappropriate behavior from ADHD. This has led to difficulties in diagnosing ADHD at a young age and often these children go undiagnosed until later in childhood when it becomes apparent that they are not showing improvement and the behaviors begin to negatively affect the child's school performance. ADHD is a chronic disorder and typically includes symptoms of inattention and overactivity.9 The DSM-IV requires that these symptoms be present in at least two settings and must be present for at least 6 months to carry the diagnosis of ADHD.10 The symptoms of this disorder result in serious impairment in multiple areas of functioning. Children afflicted with ADHD often exhibit Maternal Smoking Contributes to the Development of Childhood ADHD 3 © The Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice, 2005 dysfunction in school, family and peer relations. Children with ADHD seem to display an increased risk for developing cognitive deficits and learning disabilities.11 This along with a difficulty in concentrating on some aspects of schoolwork leads to a high rate of academic failure. These children are almost always of normal intelligence and have little to no difficulty comprehending schoolwork. However, deficits in areas such as concentration and impulse control can lead to an inability to focus long enough to finish assignments, a tendency to misplace homework, and often difficulty in sitting in class due to overactivity.9 These academic challenges can lead to disruptions in interpersonal relationships. The child may have difficulty interacting with peers, teachers and caregivers. A recent study revealed that 35-50% of children currently detained in the juvenile justice system have identifiable behavioral disorders, most commonly ADHD or conduct disorder.12 In addition to criminal behavior and academic failure, children with ADHD may be at an increased risk for a variety of mood and anxiety disorders as well. Approximately 50% of children diagnosed with ADHD will develop one of these co-morbidities during their lifetime.11 Symptoms of ADHD can vary greatly between the genders. Girls may not demonstrate the same disruptive and hyperactive symptoms as boys. Many girls will show predominately signs of inattention such as taking a longer time to finish schoolwork. Many of these girls will show a tendency to daydream and fidget and may talk excessively.13 Boys with ADHD will typically display high levels of overactivity and impulsivity. These children will often be very disruptive in class and have a difficult time following rules. Boys may have a difficult time in


Abstract –A novel model of complex quantum harmonic oscillator is found to account for the observed Fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE). The sequences of the observed FQHE conductivity and charge are explained. The two sequences are found to express a quantity and its complex conjugated partner. The oscillator is found to have two degenerates states, ψn, with angular momenta ± n ~ , where h = 2π~ is the Planck's constant, and n is the principal quantum number of the oscillator. The filling factor, i, that Klitzing has found for the integer quantum Hall effect (IQHE) is i = n + 1. Analytical expressions for longitudinal resistance and Hall's voltage are obtained. The width of the plateau between two states is found to be ∆B = 1 n(n+1) nsh e , where ns is the electron number density.


Utilizing dogs with progressively growing tumors we are reporting on the in vitro reactivity of their lymph node or peripheral blood lymphocytes to their own tumor cells. Tumors, lymph nodes, and blood were collected aseptically during surgical treatment or before necropsy. Primary cultures were set up and shortly thereafter only viable glass-adhering tumor cells were utilized. The cells were first incubated with either media or various sera and then varying numbers of sensitized lymphocytes were added. The mixtures were incubated for 90 min in rotating test tubes and then plated into culture dishes or plates. Two and/or 5 days later, the cultures were fixed, stained, and viable target cells were counted. In vitro tumor cell destruction by high numbers of lymphocytes from dogs bearing tumors and the blocking of such reactivity by autologous serum were demonstrated. Serum from dogs with the same histologic type of neoplasm inhibited allogenic lymphocyte cytotoxicity, whereas serum from dogs with a different tumor, normal dogs, and a dog who had been clinically free of osteosarcoma after limb amputation 17 months earlier, did not significantly block the cellular-mediated reactivity. Stimulation of tumor growth in vitro by low ratios of sensitized lymphocytes to tumor cells was demonstrable. Autologous serum from dogs with progressively growing neoplasms appeared to potentiate the stimulation of tumor growth above a simple blocking of lymphocytic-mediated cytotoxicity. These results confirm our earlier reports of immune stimulation to tumor growth in vitro and support the hypothesis and work by Prehn that the early immune response to neoplasia might directly stimulate rather than inhibit tumor growth.


Thank you for downloading how the weather works. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their favorite novels like this how the weather works, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer. how the weather works is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the how the weather works is universally compatible with any devices to read.


The present invention proposes a corresponding manufacturing process for the reduction of improving and friction losses of the new category and abrasion resistance of the processed surface. Structured surface, it can be used in many automotive parts having a friction surface. The composite structure, conventional problems between the surface features and the stress is resolved. In order to achieve the high production efficiency and low cost, multi-step process of the two sets is proposed. Unlike conventional surface treatment technique for generating a layer of generally single and uniformly the surface of the component, the new technology for effective surface than with a multi-functional, selectively processing the surface of the component to.


High‐quality surface and bulk passivation of crystalline silicon solar cells has been obtained under optimum anti‐reflection coating properties by silicon nitride (a‐SiNx:H) deposited at very high deposition rates of ∼5 nm/s. These a‐SiNx:H films were deposited using the expanding thermal plasma (ETP) technology under regular processing conditions in an inline industrial‐type reactor with a nominal throughput of 960 solar cells/hour. The low surface recombination velocities (50–70 cm/s) were obtained on p‐type silicon substrates (8·4 Ω cm resistivity) for as‐deposited and annealed films within the broad refractive index range of 1·9–2·4, which covers the optimum bulk passivation and anti‐reflection coating performance reached at a refractive index of ∼2·1. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The Lower Triassic strata of southwestern Montana and adjacent areas lie along the western margin of an ancient miogeosyncline. Basinward (westward) the strata are thickest and consist of fossiliferous marine rocks with no red beds. Eastward toward the more stable platform area the strata thin and intertongue with red sandstones and shales. The thickest marine development of these Lower Triassic formations is in the region of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation, Idaho, where they reach a thickness of 6,500 feet (figs. 1, 2). To the east, north, and south of Fort Hall the Dinwoody formation intertongues with the red Woodside and Chugwater formations; the Thaynes formation tongues out eastward into the Ankareh and Chugwater formations. The zone of intertonguing for the Dinwoody formation follows a line from southwestern Montana along the Idaho-Wyoming boundary and turns sharply westward in northern Utah. East of this line red beds are predominant; west of the line the red beds are absent or of minor thickness. A similar facies line for the Thaynes formation passes southward from the Idaho-Wyoming boundary through the Wasatch Mountains but does not turn westward in northern Utah until the latest phase in the depositional history of the Thaynes formation.


Ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes catalyse oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine. This TET-mediated conversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine is implicated in initiating the DNA demethylation process, observed post-fertilization. Three members (TET1-3) of the TET family are differentially expressed during embryo development and appear to have different roles. Previous studies in mice suggest that TET1 is a key regulator in maintaining pluripotency in embryonic stem cells by managing epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation. This would imply that TET1 should be a regulator of epigenetic marks during embryo development, although this has not been demonstrated. Previously, we have cloned porcine TET1 from blastocysts (GenBank accession number KC137683) and demonstrated that the level of TET1 (mRNA and protein) was high in blastocysts. The protein level was greater in the inner cell mass compared with the trophectoderm. In this study, we generated TET1 knockout porcine embryos using CRISPR/Cas9 system to study the role of TET1 in controlling epigenetic marks during porcine embryo development. First, 2 sgRNA, immediately downstream of the presumable translation initiation site, were designed and synthesised; location of the sgRNA were nucleotide position at 2 to 21bp and 23 to 42bp, respectively (KC137683). Then, sgRNA (10ngμL-1 each) and Cas9 mRNA (20ngμL-1) were injected into the cytoplasm of IVF zygotes, and Day 7 blastocysts were genotyped. All embryos carried mutations on both alleles of TET1 (10/10), one homozygous and 9 biallelic mutations. However, immunocytochemistry analysis of other CRISPR/Cas9 injected embryos revealed that TET1 was not removed (10/10), indicating that the sgRNA may have not introduced a premature stop codon 3' to the presumable translation initiation site. Therefore, 2 new sgRNA were designed to generate a premature stop codon at the 5' side of a key functional domain, the 2-oxoglutarate-Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase domain (4690 to 5160bp); the locations of the 2 sgRNA were 4450 to 4469bp and 4501 to 4520bp, respectively. Similarly, all of the embryos carried mutations in TET1 (7/7), 2 homozygous and 5 biallelic mutations. In addition, TET1 proteins were not detected in 11 of 16 blastocysts, confirmed by immunocytochemistry. In this study, we successfully generated embryos lacking TET1 by introducing designed CRISPR/Cas9 system during embryogenesis. Presence of TET1 from the first injection experiment suggests that the presumable translation initiation site is not accurate. Discrepancy between genotyping and immunocytochemistry results from the second injection experiment indicates that embryos possessing TET1 protein probably have mutations in triplets, thus no premature stop codon was synthesised. Further studies will focus on identifying the role of TET1 in maintaining pluripotency and epigenetic modification during pre-implantation stage using these embryos.


This presentation summarises research on problem gambling and gambling related harm which is of relevance to social work practice. Issues in relation to adults with care and support needs are highlighted, methods of identifying and screening for gambling problems summarised, and information on ways of helping and signposting problem gamblers to helping agencies presented.


In light of psychology's 'theory crisis', multiple authors have recently argued that adopting the formalization of theories and/or formal modelling is a necessary or useful step towards stronger psychological theory. In this article, I instead argue that formal modelling cannot solve the core problem the psychological 'theory crisis' refers to, which are the currently high degrees of contrastive and holistic underdetermination of our theories by our data. I do so by first introducing underdetermination as an explanatory framework for determining the evidential import of research findings for theories, and showing how both broader theoretical considerations and informal assumptions are key to this process. Then, I derive the aforementioned core problem from current theory crisis literature and tentatively explore its possible solutions. Lastly, I show that formal modelling is neither a necessary nor sufficient solution for either contrastive or holistic underdetermination, and that its uncritical adoption might instead worsen the crisis.


Phase aberration correction based on time delay estimation via minimization of the sum of absolute difference (SAD) between the radio frequency (RF) signals of neighboring elements is studied in the presence of missing elements. To examine the influence of inactive elements, phase estimation error is measured for various combinations of different number of missing elements, aberration level, and SNR. The measurements are performed on an experimental RF data set. Aberration delays of missing elements are interpolated using the phase estimate between the nearest active elements. The B-scan images are reconstructed for qualitative examination


Original brown decoratively embossed cloth cover, 225 x 145 mm, with portrait of Donders gold stamped on front and gold stamped with title, author, publisher and date of publication on spine, 635 pages, 175 numbered black and white figures in text, pencil annotations on preliminary pages, old ink stamp for F. W, NIESCHE MD on half title page. Bookplate for Fred T Wright 1882-1832, The Wright Library and the National Library Australian Optometrical Association with photographic portrait of Fred Wright on front fly leaf.


Psychological melodrama is an important form of Psychological Health Education. The psychological melodrama apply to mental health education curriculum, which can effectively stimulate students 'interest and enthusiasm to participate in the classroom, to deepen students' mental health and growth problems understanding and insight, enabling individuals to effectively enhance the overall quality.


One of the most crucial and controversial questions in the field of international criminal justice is that of whether "superior command" is a good defense in a war-crime trial. The answer is of cardinal importance, since trials of war criminals may prove entirely useless if accused persons are permitted simply to pass on the responsibility for their acts to their superiors. The line would lead straight to the omnipotent leader, who might choose to escape prosecution altogether by putting an end to his life. Opinions of writers on the subject are divided, and so are court decisions, war manuals, and legislative provisions. While the American and British war manuals, backed by Oppenheim's authority, recognize "superior command" as a full defense, Anglo-American practice, expressed in numerous decisions and supported by many authorities, refuses to ascribe to it any exculpating effect. Some theories recognize "superior command" as a defense to a limited extent only, dependent upon whether the subordinate actually knew, or had reasonable grounds for knowing, that a given command contemplated a punishable, or at least an illegal, action. What has not been tried up to now, and what seems a worth-while undertaking, is to analyze the general conception of war crimes and to try to reach a solution of the indicated problem out of a clearer understanding of that conception.


Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) and fault injection testing are widely used in automotive industry to validate hardware and software architectures as best practice and in fulfillment with international functional safety standards. Time and economical investments can constitute an obstacle to the development of effective testing systems, especially for small and medium automotive industries. This paper presents a solution we developed to balance cost with model capabilities and simulation efficiency. The adoption of a model-based approach and the use of a mix of real and emulated sensors and actuators allowed to meet cost and temporal constraints. The presented solution has been developed in six months and is currently adopted to validate new engine control strategies, reducing the testing effort up to 90% compared to manual tests.


We consider a one-shot communication setting in which several single antenna transmitters communicate with a receiver with a large number of antennas, i.e., the receiver decodes transmitted information at the end of every symbol time. Motivated by the optimal noncoherent detector in a Rayleigh fading channel, we consider a noncoherent energy-based communication scheme that does not require any knowledge of instantaneous channel state information at either the transmitter or the receiver; it uses only the statistics of the channel and noise. We show that, for general channel fading statistics, the performance of the considered one-shot multiuser noncoherent scheme is the same, in a scaling law sense, as that of the optimal coherent scheme exploiting perfect channel knowledge and coding across time. Furthermore, we present a numerical evaluation of the performance of this scheme in representative fading and noise statistics.


Introduction. Parapharyngeal abscesses are invariably a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for pediatric otolaryngologists. The lack of consistency in the Polish nomenclature in relation to the English terms additionally complicates the problem. The wide spectrum of signs and symptoms, as well as an extremely heterogenous clinical presentation of the disease, also delay the implementation of appropriate treatment. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze selected epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the parapharyngeal abscesses in children, such as the seasonality in the incidence, diagnostic difficulties, and available treatment methods. Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted on data obtained from medical histories of patients treated for deep neck space infections in the years 2013–2018 in the Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology of the Medical University of Warsaw. The study analyzed the age and sex of the children, as well as diagnostic methods and bacterial culture tests of the abscess. Particular attention was drawn to the seasonality in the incidence of the parapharyngeal abscesses in children. A statistical analysis was performed and seasonality index for the data was calculated, and a simulation of the prognosis of the occurrence of the factor for a moving average with a reference period of 2 months was performed. Next, the thesis on the discrete uniform data distribution was adopted, and Monte Carlo method was used for testing of the hypothesis. The significance level was α = 1%. The probability of 9 cases in one month was calculated based on the binomial distribution. Results. In the years 2013–2018, 23 children with parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal abscesses were admitted to the Department, 9 of which were admitted in December. In the analyzed group, a slight advantage in the number of boys was observed, with the male to female ratio being M:F = 1.3:1. Mean age of the patients was 3 years and 5 months. All the children had undergone an upper respiratory tract infection before being diagnosed with a deep neck space infection. All the patients had enlarged neck lymph nodes. The seasonality index for December was over 3 times higher than for March and accounted 4.696. The hypothesis on the discrete uniform data distribution was adopted (H0). The significance level was α = 1%. Based on monomial distribution, the probability of the occurrence of 9 cases in one month was calculated and amounted P(9) = 0.000141. Hence, the rejection of H0 occurs with an error of 0.17% < 1%. Conclusions. In Poland, the admission of a child diagnosed with a retropharyngeal or parapharyngeal abscess is most likely in late autumn – in November and December. Purulent deep neck space infections in children are a complication of upper respiratory tract infections. Deep neck space infections are difficult to diagnose due to the lack of pathognomonic signs and symptoms. The conservative treatment is an alternative to the surgical drainage in stable patients with small-size abscesses under the conditions of normalization of inflammatory marker levels and improvement of the general condition of the patient.


In this paper we study Joule-Thomson expansion of non-linearly charged AdS black holes in Einstein-power-Yang-Mills (EPYM) gravity in D dimensions. Within the framework of extended phase space thermodynamics we identify the cosmological constant as thermodynamic pressure and the black hole mass with the enthalpy to derive the Joule- Thomson coefficient μ. Furthermore we have presented equations for inversion curves and the exact expression for the minimum inversion temperature. We also have calculated the ratio between the minimum of inversion temperature Timin and the critical temperature T c and obtained the analytic expression for the ratio TiminTc that depends explicitly on the non- linearity parameter q and dimension D. We consider the isenthalpic curves in the T − P plane for different values of the fixed black hole mass and obtain heating and cooling region. Finally we have dealt with two limiting masses which characterizes the process of Joule-Thomson expansion in the EPYM black holes.


Design of modern photonic devices requires to handle a large number of parameters and figures of merit. By scaling down the complexity of the problem, machine learning dimensionality reduction enables the discovery of better performing devices, higher integration scale, and efficient evaluation of fabrication tolerances.


© 2023 Mi, Cao, Diao, Wu and Fang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. The relationship between parental phubbing and mobile phone addiction in junior high school students: A moderated mediation model


Objective To investigate the infection and prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the neonates whose fathers were positive with hepatitis B virus surface antigen(HBsAg). Methods HBV DNA were detected in 56 neonates whose fathers were HBsAg positive and mothers were without HBV markers, 10 neonates whose parents were both negative for any HBV markers were as controls. Results There were 2 positive HBV DNA samples in study group, and the HBV markers of the 2 neonates'fathers were HBsAg( + )HBeAg( + ) HBcAb( + ) ,while the detection of HBV DNAs were all negative in the control group. Conclusion HBV may transmit to next generation through the male with HBsAg( + ).

Key words:
Hepatitis B virus; Vertical transmission; Infection rate


A case of prenatally diagnosed agnathia‐otocephaly is reported. Agnathia is an extremely rare anomaly characterized by an absence or hypoplasia of the mandible and abnormal horizontal position of the ears. The targeted 2‐D ultrasonography at 24 weeks of gestation revealed abnormal lower facial profile. Surface rendering 3‐D ultrasonography was used to evaluate the facial feature, showing excellent image when compared to the fetal face at autopsy. The reported case is discussed with a short review of the literature.


Device models of oxide-semiconductor thin-film transistors (OS TFTs) are proposed. The device models include a mobility model and a density of subgap state model, which reflect the carrier transport and electronic states of the OSs. Device simulations employing the device models can describe the electrical and thermal characteristics of the OS TFTs.


ABSTRACT Shriveled kernels lower wheat test weight and reduce milling flour yields. Test weight is also lowered by rain-dry cycles that cause kernels to puff (exhibit, in part, loosened layers of pericarp). A numeric score was developed for degree of puffing and for degree of shriveling based on simple measurement devices. Wheat samples were evaluated for test weight and Single Kernel Characterization System (SKCS) hardness index, SKCS kernel weight, milling flour yield, and kernel density (hexane displacement). Those evaluations were performed before and after samples were air-aspirated to remove all shriveled kernels. Test weight, SKCS hardness index, and density of aspirated samples were used to develop a puffing score. Changes (resulting from aspiration) in test weight, SKCS kernel weight, and flour yield were used to develop a shriveling score. Higher puffing scores were related to elevated α-amylase activity. Puffed kernels were softer and were not associated with decreased flour yield. Puffing and ...


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Abstract : Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy to electrical energy with very high efficiency, and with very low levels of environmental emissions. The reformation of vegetable oil crops for fuel cell uses is not well known; yet vegetable oils such as canola oil represent a viable alternative and complement to traditional fuel cell feedstocks. This report summarizes a study conducted to identify various Montana oil crops available for reforming as a feedstock fuel in fuel cell applications. The use of vegetable oils, or bio-fuels, in Montana alone could potentially sustain more than 6000 fuel cell units, 5.0 kW in size. Many vegetable oils were found to be viable options for production and use in fuel cells in Montana. This project was undertaken to demonstrate a year-long operation of a fuel cell in Yellowstone National Park using canola oil feedstock. This study performed a literature search to: (1) determine the market availability of agricultural crops that produce vegetable oil, and (2) determine the amount of vegetable oil that could be extracted to serve as a feedstock in fuel cell applications.


【Though a micro pump is a crucial element in miniaturized bio-fluidic systems or drug delivery systems, most of the conventional micro pumps still have some limitations to miniaturize their controller system and to obtain the sufficient back pressure which can rise over the inner pressure of human body or experimental animals. In this paper, to overcome these limitation, a new PZT disc and its controller were designed and fabricated to get the sufficient flowrate and the back pressure with guaranteeing embeddability of the controller into pumping body. The amplitudes of the disc deflections were as large as 40 ${\mu}m$ at 200 V - 100 Hz condition. As results of experiments, the flow rate and the back pressure increase when the frequency increases. The obtainable maximum flow rate and back pressure are 5.2 ml/min at 95 Hz and 13.14 kPa at 90 Hz respectively.】


This study aims to determine species and conservation status of Rallidae family in Forestry and Environment Research and Development Institute of Manado; also the prospect of its development. This study may provide a source of data and information on the diversity of certain bird species. Observations conducted in June 2015 included the species of birds in Rallidae family found around the Forestry and Environment Research and Development Institute of Manado. Data were analyzed descriptively in the forms of figures and tables. Results showed that there were three species within this family found in Manado Forestry Research Institute. Those were isabelline bush-hen (Amaurornis isabellina), buff-banded rail (Gallirallus philippensis), and Barred Rail (Gallirallus torquatus). All three species are not protected in Indonesia and IUCN categorized them as Least Concern (LC). Isabelline bush-hen is endemic to the island of Sulawesi, while buff-banded rail and barred rail have a wide distribution. Weris has a good prospect to be domesticated.


Bakrie Sumatera Plantations has 150,000 hectares, 100,000 of them planted to oil palm and 50,000 planted to rubber. It has four rubber processing plants and eight palm oil mills, and others to be operational soon. One of them has the ?unique oblique sterilizer? installed, so called because there are only two in the world and because it has a 45 degree inclination. This article presents the advantages of the system over conventional ones.


The main goals of EC are to design a set‐oriented, extensible, C‐like language and to build a translator for this language that produces efficient run‐time code.


The present invention relates to a method for producing ultra-thin organic light-emitting device, and more particularly, improve the light extraction efficiency, of course, the production of ultra-thin organic light-emitting device can be remarkably reduced thickness a method for. To this end, the present invention comprises a polymeric material coating step of coating a polymer material on a support, and the frit coating step of coating a frit paste on the polymer material, decomposing the polymeric material heat treatment is performed at a temperature, and the support member, heat treatment and separation steps to separate the frit substrate formed by heat-treating the frit paste, and one surface of the said frit substrate that has been in contact with the polymeric material first electrode, an organic luminescent layer, and an element layer forming step for sequentially forming an element layer including the second electrode, the manufacturing method of the ultra-thin organic light-emitting device characterized by comprising an offer to.


MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) can induce dopaminergic cell death in substantia nigra of primates and rodents. In order to investigate the effects of brain lateralization on dopamine loss and cytokine variations in mice which were treated with MPTP, male C57BL/6J mice were selected by paw preference test to constitute right pawed mice and left pawed mice. Mice were injected with 25 mg/kg MPTP i.p., for five consecutive days, and killed on day 1, day 3 and day 14 after MPTP injection. The control group was treated with saline. Striatal dopamine and DOPAC contents were measured by HPLC and striatal IL-1β and IL-6 were quantified by ELISA. The Results showed that after MPTP treatment, dopamine contents decreased at day 1 (74.48%, P0.001), day 3 (72.84%, P0.001) and day 14 (63.87%, P0.01); IL-6 levels decreased on day 1 (P0.01), day 3 (P0.01) and day 14 (P0.01); while IL-1β levels only decreased on day 1 (P0.05). Interestingly, behavioral lateralization had effect on dopamine turnover and cytokine variations. In basal condition, the significant difference was found between right pawed mice and left pawed mice in IL-6 level (P0.05) and IL-1β level (P0.001). After MPTP treatment, left pawed mice showed a greater decrease of dopamine turnover (P0.05) as compared with right pawed mice, at day 3 after treatment, left pawed animals showed a lower levels of IL-6 (P0.05) and IL-1β level (P0.001) as compared with right pawed animals. Furthermore, the positive correlation between striatal IL-6 levels and striatal dopamine contents was found (P0.001). These results indicated that MPTP-induced dopamine turnover was influenced by behavioral lateralization, possibly through an effect on brain cytokine levels.


Additively manufactured (AM) 316L SS manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and wrought 316L SS were subjected to sensitization heat treatments at 700 °C up to 100 hours. Using two evaluation methods, Double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) and ditching tests, degree of sensitization (DOS) and intergranular corrosion (IGC) susceptibility was evaluated. It was found that the wrought samples showed slightly lower IGC susceptibility compared to their AM counterpart. DOS and IGC attack increased with sensitization time for all samples. Dislocation cellular structures were found to have little to no impact on DOS and IGC for the AM samples. Sensitized at 100 hours, the AM sample showed significant Cr depletion along high angle grain boundaries (12.35 wt% on average) and exhibited Cr carbide precipitation. Mo rich particles along grain boundaries were also observed. The DL-EPR test attacks the surface oxide film and grain boundaries while the ditching test attacks the melt pool boundaries and grain boundaries (IGC and pitting). Changes to the DL-EPR and ditching standards for AM application have been proposed in this work.


Abstract:Twenty years of Australian dementia policy brought a previously marginalised group of infirm old people into mainstream aged care. This happened in the context of the interpretation of dementia as a disease process. Dementia advocacy has grown, and perceived problems around state versus federal responsibility in the matter of dementia care, and the integration of health and welfare responses to illness, have been addressed. Advocacy movements have kept dementia in the minds of those in control of the political agenda, and advocates have presented dementia care as a problem of population health rather than aged care. However, the emphasis on dementia as disease tends to categorise those people with the condition as a residual group in terms of health policy. It undermines the possibilities dementia policy has created for fostering a new public understanding of life in infirm old age. For societies dominated by a view of old age as an active period of life such understanding is crucial.


The paper presents the author's original technique of intent-analysis of psychotherapeutic discourse, alongside the results of the in-depth psychological intent-analysis of Carl Rogers' psychotherapeutic speech, which was conducted using this technique. This paper includes a dictionary of therapeutic speech intentions, a classification of intentional characteristics of psychotherapeutic speech, some markers of intentions and an instruction for experts. The work includes an analysis of several therapeutic sessions given by Carl Rogers, as compared to those given by novice client-centered psychotherapists; the analysis was carried out using the author's original methodology (intent-analysis of psychotherapeutic discourse). The developed tools can be significant and useful in the supervision of practicing psychotherapists and the training of novice psychotherapists.


A novel programmable negative differential resistance (NDR) device based on the field-effect diode is proposed. The field-effect diode (FED) is a gated diode and compatible with semiconductor on insulator (SOI) CMOS technology. Semiconductor device simulator tools are used to simulate the structure of the FED. Then, it is employed to design the programmable NDR device. The operating principles of this new device are similar to the comparable MOSFET device. The proposed design is a unique device that consists of only three transistors and can be programmed by an isolated gate.


164 Background: A process to standardize ordering, documentation, and administration of inpatient oral chemotherapy was implemented at the University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System. The process requires oncology clinician review and endorsement of inpatient oral chemotherapy drug orders via an oral chemotherapy note within the electronic health record. Pharmacists are instructed to reject oral chemotherapy drug orders that lack this required documentation. A novel auditing procedure was established in order to track adherence to these new requirements and provide real time and adaptable feedback to front-line staff critical to the project's success.

METHODS
To support continuous quality improvement (QI) with this project, an auditing tool was developed in REDCap, a secure, web-based data management application. The auditing tool was originally developed as a traditional web-based data collection instrument with the primary purpose of tracking performance. By utilizing more advanced features offered by the REDCap platform, the auditing tool generated automated follow-up surveys to pharmacists involved in non-adherent outlier cases. The survey solicited information on the root cause of non-adherence, and based on the end-user response, provided adaptable continuing education tailored to this root cause.

RESULTS
Between June and September 2015, a total of 67 orders for oral chemotherapy were audited. Compliance with process improvement requirements was noted in 58%, 100%, 78%, and 93% of cases in June, July, August, and September, respectively. Outlier surveys were sent to 12 pharmacists in the non-adherent cases; of 11 responses, the most common response reflected an unfamiliarity with the process. Following targeted education, through September 2015, no single pharmacist has been involved in more than one non-adherent case.

CONCLUSIONS
The novel auditing tool supported the continuous quality improvement process by engaging front-line staff, generating automated and real time surveys for outlier responses, and providing targeted and personalized education aimed at resolving the root cause in non-adherent cases. As such, it can be applied towards any REDCap QI projects.


Data on 15 novel microsatellite loci from the Neotropical fish Bryconamericus aff. iheringii are presented here. Analyses of 32 individuals from four different streams revealed 192 different alleles, ranging from four to 32 alleles per locus (mean of 12.8 per locus). Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.094 to 0.813 and 0.205 to 0.952, respectively. These loci showed high polymorphic information content and will be a resource for genetic studies of B. aff. iheringii. Furthermore, several loci also amplified other small Neotropical Characidae (Piabarchus stramineus and Piabina argentea) and should be useful for these species.


In their book "Active Filters for Integrated Circuits" [l], Heinlein and Holmes have devoted some pages to the stability of frequency-Zndependent Networks. They noted the role of the sign of the determinant of the network admittance or impedance matrix in determining the network stability, but were unable to say what this role is exactly. One reads (p. 131): " . . .These examples show that an important network characteristic determining the stability of many frequency-independent networks is the sign of the determinant of their admittance (or impedance) matrices. Unfortunately the precise meaning of this sign varies, depending on the realization of the network.. . , so that it seems that little of generality may be said about the significance of the sign of the determinant of the admittance matrix, except to note that it is significant." In page 134, it was said: ". . .In each of these cases the behaviour again depends on whether A > 0 or A < 0, where A is


Summary.  Background: Activated protein C (APC) in complex with endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) can reverse the barrier‐disruptive and cytotoxic effects of proinflammatory cytokines by cleaving protease‐activated receptor 1 (PAR‐1). Recently, it was reported that the PAR‐1‐dependent vascular barrier‐protective effect of APC is mediated through transactivation of the angiopoietin (Ang)–Tie2 signaling pathway. The antagonist of this pathway, Ang2, is stored in Weibel–Palade bodies within endothelial cells. Objectives: To determine whether the occupancy of EPCR by its ligand can switch the PAR‐1‐dependent signaling specificity of thrombin through the Ang–Tie2 axis. Methods: We activated endothelial cells with thrombin before and after treating them with the catalytically inactive Ser195→Ala substitution mutant of protein C. The expression levels of Ang1, Ang2 and Tie2 in response to thrombin were measured by both an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and a cell permeability assay in the absence and presence of small interfering RNA and a blocking antibody to Tie2. Results: Thrombin upregulated the expression of both Ang1 and Tie2 but downregulated the expression of Ang2 when EPCR was occupied by its ligand. The Ang1–Tie2‐dependent protective effect of thrombin was initiated through protein C inhibiting the rapid mobilization of Ang2 from Weibel–Palade bodies. Interestingly, the protein C mutant also inhibited the thrombin mobilization of P‐selectin. Conclusions: These results suggest a physiologic role for the low concentration of thrombin in maintaining the integrity of the EPCR‐containing vasculature through the PAR‐1‐dependent inhibition of Ang2 and P‐selectin release from Weibel–Palade bodies.


With the rapid popularization of mobile Internet technology and smart terminal equipment in recent years, the volume and usage of dockless bikesharing (hereafter referred to as bikesharing), which is green, environmentally friendly and convenient, have grown rapidly, making it one of the China's "new four major inventions." The development of the bikesharing in China consists of a pre-sharing era and a post-sharing era. In the pre-sharing era, capital-driven vicious market competition and lack of precise control have led to the abuse of urban space. Since the post-sharing era, the industry structure has returned to rationality, and many participants have been forced out of the market. The bikesharing has formed an oligopoly market consisting of head players such as Hellobike, Mobike, and Ofo. Therefore, how to improve the level of refined operations, promote sustainable development, improve cyclist satisfaction, and contribute to China's strength in transportation have become urgent problems for bikesharing companies and traffic management departments. From the perspective of the cyclist experience, the brand choice of the bikesharing is taken as the research object. An online revealed preference survey is used to collect data on cyclists' socio-economic attributes and subjective evaluations on the bikesharing. The conditional Logit model is used to explore the important factors that influence cyclists on the choice of bikesharing brands. Research results include: (1) age, occupation type, after-tax monthly income of the faculty group, riding comfort, rent, picking up/returning convenience, word of mouth, and volume have a significant impact on cyclists' bikesharing brand choices; (2) gender, educational background, monthly living expenses of the student group, appearance, deposit, deposit returning speed, rate of broken bikes, ease of use of software, and rent discount have no significant impact on cyclists' bikesharing brand choices. The research results are of great significance for improving the service quality of bikesharing companies and promoting the healthy development of the shared economy in China. Based on the results of the study, policy recommendations are made on the improvement for riding comfort, human-centered design, and word of mouth, and the construction of shared facilities.


This supplementary material contains the proof of Theorem 7.1 in the main paper. The following lemma is useful. Lemma 0.1. For a general loss function Ln, suppose it is twice differentiable in a neighborhood of β0. Assume max l / ∈S ∣∣∣∣∂Ln(β0) ∂βl ∣∣∣∣ = op(P ′ n(0)), (0.1) and there is a neighborhood U ⊂ R of β0S such that sup βS∈U max l / ∈S,j∈S ∣∣∣∣∂2Ln(βS, 0) ∂βl∂βj ∣∣∣∣ = op(P ′ n(0) skn ) . (0.2) where we denote P ′ n(0 ) = lim inft→0+ P ′ n(t) and kn = an+ √ sP ′ n(dn) as given in Theorem B.1 of the main paper. In addition, assume √ skn = o(P ′ n(0 )). Then Condition A in Theorem B.2 of the main paper is satisfied. Proof. If Ln is continuously differentiable in a neighborhood of β0, by the mean value theorem, there exists λ ∈ (0, 1) such that for h = λβ + (1− λ)Tβ, Qn(Tβ)−Qn(β) = ∑ l / ∈S ∂Ln(h) ∂βl (−βl)− ∑ l / ∈S P ′ n(|hl|)|βl| ≤ ∑ l / ∈S (∣∣∣∣∂Ln(h) ∂βl ∣∣∣∣− P ′ n(|hl|)) |βl|, (0.3) where we used the fact that sgn(hl) = sgn(βl) for l / ∈ S. Suppose we have (which we will prove later) max l / ∈S ∣∣∣∣∂Ln(β̂) ∂βl ∣∣∣∣ = op(P ′ n(0)), (0.4)


Deaths related to prescription opioids have brought intense official scrutiny to the pain medicine field from regulators, legislators, and health care policy-makers. Most notably, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) responded with a complex process aimed at developing class-wide risk evaluation and mitigation strategies to address the heightened risks long-acting opioids pose to patients and the public. Preventing unnecessary deaths should be a central focus of everyone working in the field of pain medicine. If we work to reverse the trend of opioid-related deaths, we can also expect improvement in adverse outcomes related to the nonmedical use of opioids, whether that misuse takes the form of recreation or misguided patient overconsumption. This has been described as the Hawthorne effect, whereby focusing attention on the worst of several related outcomes should improve all outcomes [1].

Corrective actions that do not impede access to appropriate and indicated pain therapy will likely come only when health care professionals, patient advocates, and all other stakeholders better understand the root causes of opioid-related deaths in legitimately treated patients. This supplement aims to discuss the available, albeit limited, data on the major risk factors for these deaths and to suggest possible ways to mitigate the harm associated with treating patients with potentially lethal analgesics. In pursuit of these same goals, an expert panel met in Salt Lake City, Utah, in 2009, resulting in the publication titled "An Analysis of the Root Causes for Opioid-Related Overdose …


Introduction: Science and the Stanislavsky Tradition of Acting Part 1. 1. A System for the World? Newtonianism in Stanislavsky's Science of Acting Part 2. 2. The Theatricality Reflex: The Place of Pavlov and Taylor in Meyerhold's Biomechanics 3. The System, Psychology and the US: Richard Boleslavsky and Lee Strasberg Part 3. 4. A Delicate Empiricism: Romantic Science and the Michael Chekhov Technique 5. The Laboratory as Sanctuary: The Theatre of Anatoly Vasiliev Epilogue: Genetic Modification and the Backbone of Tradition Bibliography. Index


A key policy concern of Member States of the EU is the need to stimulate the creation of employment as part of the 'job rich recovery'. This is happening at a time when the nature and organisation of work is changing rapidly: industry demands more flexible work organisation to maintain competitiveness; globalisation changes the supply and demand for labour; and new uses of information and communication technologies (ICTs) change the practices and possibilities of work. The Internet has been a key factor in shaping paid and unpaid work over the last 15years, facilitating changes in the way that large and small business, NGOs, and the public sector access skills and labour; the nature of entrepreneurship and self-employment; the way we make employment transitions; the skill requirements of contemporary work; exclusion from work; pathways to social inclusion and social cohesion through work; and policy on welfare, labour and enterprise.


The article provides an analysis of the current state of the relation between regional and Federal legislation, taking into account the new geopolitical challenges. Assesses the experience of previous periods, and provides the minimum steps to establish effective interaction between the Federation and regions, as well as to balance the legislative base of the state.


As a museum serving for the functions of display, collection, and education are now encountering the problem of deduction in the budget each year and under the pressure of increasing competitiveness of competitors such as educational, leisure, and entertainment business. To keep museum's continuous operation, other than improving its efficiency in business management, social resources such as human, financial and material supports are heavily required. In Taiwan, museums have gradually learnt the membership system-so called Friends of Museum, form foreign museums and in hope to form its fundamental customer group which may later bring more different people coming to visit. In the study of public's opinion toward membership system, participants agree that "Receiving information regularly" as the first priority amount the three services provided by museums. Therefore, providing members with the updated news of museum is an important tool that links museums to the public. For golden card members to obtain the latest news and information about museum, National Science and Technology Museum has especially proposed a plan for family visiting day-"Happy Weekend in Science and Technology Museum" during the whole 2000 year. Before the event begins, activities booklets will be mailed to all members attached with a opinion survey form about what type of media they get information from. The study aims to investigate member's needs for museum's information. Amount the returned survey forms-the population of the sampling, random telephone interviews were conducted and found that: 1. Promote only to clear defined group: Until the end of June 2000, National Science and Technology Museum had issued about 36,000 golden cards, the number of cards issued is more than twice much compared to National Museum of Natural Science (17,000 Family Card issued every year). Nevertheless, instead for the reason of being a membei most people applied for golden cards for convinces or discountable price. Hence, the needs for museum's information will not be the same for different individuals with their particular purposes. Therefore, it is necessary to define clearly who to promote, and only provide members who have more information needs by sending event booklet or information such as short messages to maximize the effect of promotion. 2. The benefit and cost of mailing event booklets: the booklet can certainly promote the frequency and willingness of members to visit museum to some degree, however, this is limited by the cost of printing and mailing (overall mailing of free booklet costs $300,000~$400,000). With the rapid growth on the number of members, the increasing cost will become a heavy burden for museum in the long term. From the survey about information needs, still, 71% of the members shows their willingness to pay for the postage ($42 per year) to receive museum's event news regularly. Hence, it might be feasible for golden card members to pay for part of the cost of making booklets. 3. The quality and quantity of the programs are important factors for renewal of membership: being able to receive event information or museum's news regularly firstly decide whether members want to apply for a gold card. However, whether to continue or renew the membership or to visit museum more frequently will heavily depend on the museum itself, whether they can provide more attractive programs or exhibition suitable for family are the decisive factors.


Cognitive machine learning refers to the combination of machine learning
and brain cognitive mechanism, specifically, combining
machine learning with mind model CAM. Three
research directions are proposed in this paper, that is, emergency of
learning, complementary learning system and evolution of learning.


Organizational ecology and social network theory are used to explain entries in technological communities. Using bibliometric data on 411 organizations in the field of plant biotechnology, we test several hypotheses that entry is not only influenced by the density of the field, but also by the structure of the R&D network within the community. The empirical findings point to the usefulness of bibliometric data in mapping change and evolution in technological communities, as well as to the effects of networking on entry behavior.


This research was carried out to investigate the effects of sintering temperature on the properties of Sn-4.0Ag-0.5Cu-1.0Ni solder alloy by varying the temperatures. The Sn-4.0Ag-0.5Cu-1.0Ni solder alloy was prepared by using powder metallurgy method by press and sinter routes. 99.9% of pure Sn, Ag, Cu and Ni powder were used in this research where the pre-mixed powder undergoing milling process for 6 hours using a planetary ball machine. Hydraulic press machine was used to compact the solder powder at identically 5 tons(125 bars) for all samples. Five different temperatures of sintering specifically at 120°C, 150°C, 180°C, 220°C and 250°C were used. Characterizations on the microstructures such as grain size, thickness of intermetallic compound and, wettability angle were carried out using Scanning Electron Microscopy. Meanwhile, properties of the solder alloy were also evaluated through hardness and tensile test. It is expected that sintering process could be able to improve the strength of the solder joint by decreasing the intermetallic compound grain size. So far, most papers commonly used 180°C as their sintering parameter without anyone providing the promising findings and various effects of the temperature onto solder. Therefore, this work is conducted to make a clarification and be the pilot study for the next sintering works for soldering. This paper reports experimental results of properties of Sn-4.0Ag-0.5Cu-1.0Ni solder alloy at different sintering temperatures.


Objective:  To evaluate sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness in undergraduate dentistry students.  Material and Methods: This research is characterized as an observational study of transversal type, having analysed undergraduate students in dentistry from a public university in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The sample consisted of 325 students enrolled between the 1st and 10th academic semester. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while excessive daytime sleepiness was analysed through the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) . The t-Student and Mann-Whitney tests were used for the numerical values, with the F-test (ANOVA) or the Kruskal-Wallis test being used to compare more than two categories.  Results: It was observed that 71.1% of students presented a poor sleep quality, with more than half of the students exhibiting excessive daytime sleepiness (58.1%). A relationship between sleep quality and the academic semester was verified. However, gender and age were not associated with sleep quality or with excessive daytime sleepiness .  Conclusion:  A high prevalence of poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness was observed among undergraduate students in dentistry. The data suggest that the undergraduate degree in Dentistry can influence the students' quality of sleep, regardless of age or gender.


San Francisco - A multitude of conditions, from systemic diseases to conditions affecting only the mouth or the alimentary tract, can cause oral ulcers. Recognizing subtle differences in symptoms and knowing which conditions are most common can help dermatologists make accurate diagnosis.


A flash-TDC hybrid ADC architecture is proposed in this paper. The operating principle relies on measuring the impact of the input amplitude on the delay of the comparators in the flash. TDCs capture this timing information, which is mapped to an output digital code using simple digital logic to provide additional bits of resolution.


In this work, we focus on building Bayesian models to analyze the outcome of a volleyball game as recorded by the difference of the winning sets for the Greek A1 men's League of the regular season 2016/17. More specifically, the first and foremost challenge is to find appropriate models for the response outcome which cannot be based on the usual Poisson or binomial assumptions. Here we will use two major approaches: a) an ordinal multinomial logistic regression model and b) a model based on a truncated version of the Skellam distribution. For the first model, we consider the set difference as an ordinal response variable within the framework of multinomial logistic regression models. Concerning the second model, we adjust the Skellam distribution in order to take into account for the volleyball rules. We fit and compare both models with the same covariate structure as in Karlis & Ntzoufras (2003). Both models are fitted, illustrated and compared using data from the Greek Volleball League for 2016/17.


Abstract Mobility interventions in communities play a critical role in containing a pandemic at an early stage. The real‐world practice of social distancing can enlighten policymakers and help them implement more efficient and effective control measures. A lack of such research using real‐world observations initiates this article. We analyzed the social distancing performance of 66,149 census tracts from 3,142 counties in the United States with a specific focus on income profile. Six daily mobility metrics, including a social distancing index, stay‐at‐home percentage, miles traveled per person, trip rate, work trip rate, and non‐work trip rate, were produced for each census tract using the location data from over 100 million anonymous devices on a monthly basis. Each mobility metric was further tabulated by three perspectives of social distancing performance: "best performance," "effort," and "consistency." We found that for all 18 indicators, high‐income communities demonstrated better social distancing performance. Such disparities between communities of different income levels are presented in detail in this article. The comparisons across scenarios also raise other concerns for low‐income communities, such as employment status, working conditions, and accessibility to basic needs. This article lays out a series of facts extracted from real‐world data and offers compelling perspectives for future discussions.


Background/Objectives: The aim of this study is to develop an experiential upcycling DIY kit using Subtraction Cutting, with the goal of promoting sustainable living for consumers during a time when environmental issues are increasingly important. Methods: As a theoretical study, this research examines the current state of sustainable clothing and the design methods of Zero Waste fashion through previous studies. For the practical study, Subtraction Cutting is selected as a technique that can be easily applied by ordinary consumers. Six experiential upcycling clothing kits are developed, with two kits for each of the three main techniques. The participants use a mix of materials, including their own used clothing, waste sheets, and spare fabrics, for the project. Results: The clothing items, including women's sleeveless top, jacket, vest, and skirt are mixed and matched with various materials. This kit is intended for time-limited experiential events for the general public and is designed for simple production. The focus is on enhancing sustainability not only by recycling clothes but also by extending the life of garments through shape deformation, utilizing the features of the Subtraction Cutting design. Conclusion/Implications: This study developed a clothing upcycling kit with enhanced sustainability, using Subtraction Cutting, that can be easily attempted by general consumers. The kit utilizes participants' used clothing, which could extend the life of the product. However, further research is needed to simplify the process and enable shape changes.


This plenary session brought together researchers and practitioners to discuss communicating about science via popular media. It began with 3 presentations. Open discussion occupied the last half of the session. spoke on the role of emotion in infl uencing reactions to science news. She noted that although journalism research has focused largely on the cognitive aspect of news, factors conferring newsworthiness—such as novelty, drama, and relatability—relate to emotion. She then summarized a study on how the emotional aspect of a story can infl uence the audience. For the study, news stories were developed that framed equivalent content on mitigating climate change in terms of either loss or gain. Whereas loss frames tended to yield fear and depression, gain frames tended to engender hope and increase policy support and advocacy. Nabi also discussed how headlines can convey varied emotions and thus have varied effects. A key takeaway, she stated, was that scientists and journalists should consider the emotional aspect when deciding how to present information. Lisa Johnson, discussed the problem of false balance in science reporting. She observed that as journalism has become increasingly fast-paced and newsrooms have been shrinking, journalists have faced more pressure to fall back on approaches such as giving equal weight to both sides. Although such approaches may suit political stories, she said, they tend to be inappropriate for science stories. Noting that opinion does not equal evidence, she called for giving appropriate weight, rather than necessarily equal weight, to different positions. Later, quoting her former professor as saying "lead with what you know," she emphasized the need to Standing-room-only sessions. Crowds at receptions and forums. Clusters of people viewing exhibits and posters. Children, and the


In order to explore effect of planting mode on photosynthetic characteristics of maize leaves and yield,'Xianyu 335' was used as experimental materials in the field experiment,and wide/narrow and conventional planting mode were designed,net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of all leaves of a plant of maize and yield were determined.The result showed that the highest net photosynthetic rate increased by 8.0 % under wide/narrow planting than conventional planting through logic equation simulation.Meanwhile,the position of maize leaf of the highest net photosynthetic rate decreased,i.e.,it was 9.9 in conventional cultivation and it was 9.5 in wide/narrow row.In two planting patterns,chlorophyll content of vertical for maize per plant showed 'M' tendency.The chlorophyll content of the ninth leaf,tenth leaf and eleventh leaf were increased by 10.07%,8.88% and 10.06% in wide/narrow planting than conventional cultivation,respectively.The difference in yield between two planting mode was significant.


The goal of the present study is to conduct a comprehensive examination of realibility and validity of reduced Malay language 17 -item version of workplace spirituality scales compare with the original scales developed by Ashmos and Duncon (2000) in Malaysian school setting. Therefore a translated version of established content and concurrent validity 17-item scale was used. Confirmatory factor analysis in two large Malaysian secondary school teachers sample (N=450 and N= 520) was conducted to examine convergent and discriminant validity of the original 20-item and 17-item (reduced) version of the workplace spirituality scales recently developed by Ashmos and Duncon (2000). Following this, the reliabilities and subscale intercorrelations of two version of the scale were compared in order to determine how faithfully the 17-item version represents the 20-item scale. Next, the reliabilities of both versions were compared, and their nomological validity was evaluated. The overall pattern of results indicated that reduced workplace spirituality scale versions were reasonably reliable and valid, and better than original scale in Malaysian School settings.


In this paper we consider robust classications and show equivalence between the regularized classications. In general, robust classications are used to create a classier robust to data by taking into account the uncertainty of the data. Our result shows that regularized classications inherit robustness


Much of the existing research on user aspects in the music information retrieval field tends to focus on general user needs or behavior related to music information seeking, music listening and sharing, or other use of commercial music services. However, we have a limited understanding of the personal and social contexts of music fans who enthusiastically support musicians and are often avid users of commercial music services. In this study, we aim to better understand the contextual complexities surrounding music fans through a case study of the group BTS and its fan community, ARMY. In particular, we are interested in discovering factors that influence the interactions of music fans with music services, especially in the current environment where the prevalence of social media and other tools/technologies influences musical enjoyment. Through virtual ethnography and content analysis, we identified four factors that affect music fans' interactions with commercial music services: 1) perception of music genres, 2) participatory fandom, 3) desire for agency and transparency, and 4) importance of non-musical factors. The discussion of each aspect is followed by design implications for commercial music services to consider.


This study explores the effects of pre-treatment on oily water separator performance at the shipboard level. An online survey of marine personnel was carried out, in which respondents were asked to rate the performance of separator systems and to provide technical information. The results of the study indicated that the use of pre-treatment resulted in improved effectiveness ratings of between 11 & 18%, with increases of between 14 & 43% found for the failure running hours. Given these findings, it was concluded that the use of pre-treatment offers a relatively simple method of improving oily water separator performance, and that there is a need for the International Maritime Organization to further encourage its use via legislation.


The usefulness of vapour pressure osmometry (v.p.o.) as a method for determining the number average molecular weight Mn was examined in comparison with other methods such as gel-permeation chromatography (g.p.c.) and membrane osmoetry (m.o.). For this purpose, the weight- and number-average molecular weights Mw and Mn were determined on well-defined atactic polystyrene and cellulose acetate (degree of substitution DS = 2.46) samples. The experimental difference between Mn (v.p.o.) and Mn (g.p.c.) for any given sample are note significant at a 95 per cent level. The v.p.o. method were reproducible to ± 7–9 per cent or better, being useful in Mn range 2–12×104.


The surface structure of the top and bottom sides of floatglass are investigated by x‐ray absorption, reflection, and fluorescence at grazing incidence. The data analysis includes the determination of the thickness, density, and interface roughness of surface layers and the depth profiling of different atomic species. Expressions for the reflectivity and the fluorescence from a substrate and from layers on a substrate are given and discussed in detail, with special emphasis on the influence of interface roughness on these quantities. It turns out that iron and tin are enriched on the bottom side of the floatglass. In addition, iron changes its valence with depth. Leaching the glass for 48 days in NaOH has a strong influence on the iron concentration, on the surface density, and on the surface roughness of the glass.


It analyses the trip-outs of 220 kV and above transmission line of Shanxi electric power network in 2003,their characteristics and the reasons of the representatives, deduces the problems in exisence and puts forward the countermeasures.


This system uses Part mold piece and Draft mold piece, which are both provided by Solid Edge, separately to proceed 3D solid design and parts graphics, then adopts Activex Automation technique of VB to transfer engineering library document to achieve size drive, at last conform the whole process regarding VB as a terrace, so as to process virtual assembly of Gear pump.


In the course of a study dealing with pseudocysts of the pancreas reported by one of us (J. G. P.),1 a case was encountered which presented clinical characteristics simulating an inflammatory cyst but which on pathological examination proved to be an unusual neoplastic lesion of the pancreas. This tumor showed cytological characteristics consistent with an islet-cell tumor, probably of delta-cell origin, as reported by Sailer and Zinninger,2 but with the added unusual feature of cystic degeneration. This case is reported here because of its unusual pathological nature and because of certain clinical considerations which warrant dis


The migration for education is one of significant migration Turkey has faced with the expansion of universities. Thus, the stundent's established relations with the urban life and the forms of socialization is seen as very important reality during the university education. In this process, being far away from families, entered into new social environment, expectations for the university education, adoptation to the city are among the decisive factors. With the regard to this context, This study argues that the newly established universities are as "the new migration places". The main purpose of study draws attention to students' adoptation problems to the the city with the insfucient infrastructure. Thereby, Ordu University has taken the case study of the research


According to the IM system's functional requirements, completed the overall design of IM system server, which has good function of communication and plug-in management. Propose the user login server optimized design, build a complete user login process, and design custom protocol packet structure. As well as design and implement the optimization methods of login server by using software. Finally, verify the feasibility and reliability of the system in a lab network environment, so as to provide a stable system server when the number of users will growth continually in future.


These online Language Introductions are designed to provide the ability to read early Indo-European texts, with or without the help of translations. This series covers Ancient Sanskrit (Rigvedic) texts, ca. 20th - 9th centuries B.C.


How do contract professionals seek to control their working time? Here, the authors identify boundary work strategies through which contractors—both shift workers and project workers—maintain distinctions from employees with standard jobs. Drawing from interviews with contractors in three occupations, the authors identify sources of leverage for control of working time in payment systems, outsider status, and occupational networks. These structures allow contractors to reinforce boundaries between contract and standard employment and resist the overtime and overwork associated with standard jobs. Boundary work between contingent workers and employees may therefore generate inequalities of control, with implications for workers, managers, and organizations.


Improvement of the EU social protection coordination is supported by monitor of social performances of the member states alongside adjustment of the negotiation process with candidate countries. The paper is focus on the evolution of adopting the social policy and employment chapter of the acquis communautaire in the case of fifth and sixth EU enlargements waves. The stable elements of this negotiation chapter are overviewed as well as period of time needed, and transitory measures established for each of the Central and East European countries. Comparative analyse of sensitive aspects within pre-accession and post-accession phases support further in-depth understanding of EU versus domestic priorities in the social field. The research hypothesis is that the standard bureaucracy of adopting the social acquis communautaire is a rather "top down" decisional process than a "bottom up" one. Legislative harmonization and strengthening the institutional framework in the field of social policy and employment could create unexpected and even opposite effects related to long term national capacity of newly member state to accomplish EU common goals. In terms of methodology, the paper is based on desk research of domestic and EU regulations related to negotiation of social policy and employment chapter, EU and national monitoring reports. Preliminary research outputs focus on the two steps fifth wave of the EU enlargement (2004 and 2007) emphasized differences among countries "ready" to adopt the social acquis (i.g. Estonia, Malta) and "less ready" ones (Bulgaria, Poland, Romania). In terms of adaptation capacity to new socio-economic challenges, chapter 13 "Social policy and employment" of the fifth wave of EU accession process acquis communautaire became chapter 19 as part of the sixth one. The paper contributes to a constructive assessment of development of the acquis communautaire as an exercise to improve the social coordination with (potential) candidate countries to EU. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n22p209