93 Background: The efficacy of accelerated radiation therapy (RT) for treating early stage invasive breast cancer has been established (Whelan T et al: NEJM, February 2010). But the role of accelerated schedules in treating patients with DCIS still needs to be defined. We have previously described the feasibility and low toxicity when using ARTB after lumpectomy (Chadha M et al: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007; 69). The objective of this study is to evaluate early outcomes in patients with DCIS treated with lumpectomy and ARTB, and to compare local recurrence rates of ARTB and conventional fraction (fr) RT with sequential boost (CRT).

METHODS
This study includes patients diagnosed to have primary DCIS treated with lumpectomy and RT. Patients with DCIS who had history of contralateral synchronous or metachronous invasive cancer were excluded. We identified 215 patients from our breast cancer database as having met this selection criteria; 54 patients received ARTB on an IRB approved protocol, and 161 patients matched by prognostic factors constituted the comparative CRT group. ARTB delivered 40.5Gy in 15fr to the breast, and with concomitant boost 45Gy in15fr was delivered to the lumpectomy boost volume. CRT delivered 46.8Gy in 26fr with sequential boost of 14Gy in 7fr. The patients were well matched with no significant difference in the distribution of known prognostic factors including age, nuclear grade, margin status, receptor status, and Body Mass Index between the groups.

RESULTS
The overall median follow up was 3.5 years (0.5 years-11.4 years). Actuarial 5-year local relapse-free survival was 95%. The actuarial 3-year local relapse rate was 2% and 0% for CRT and ARTB groups, respectively (p = 0.22). Local recurrence was observed in 9 patients with a median time to failure of 4.3 years (0.5 years to 8.6 years); 4/9 had grade 3 DCIS; 1 patient with grade 3 had close final margin (<1 mm); 5/9 patients received hormone therapy.

CONCLUSIONS
With the follow up to date, we observed excellent outcomes in patients with DCIS treated by lumpectomy and RT. These preliminary results suggest comparable local control between ARTB and CRT. Additional studies and longer follow-up are needed.


Heart failure is common in patients with diabetes and about half of all patients with the syndrome of heart failure have preserved ejection fraction. The combination of heart failure and diabetes is an ominous sign and requires aggressive treatment. Heart failure treatments have improved the morbidity and mortality associated with heart failure dramatically over the past 20—30 years. We now review the basis for current medical therapies looking back over the important landmark trials which have led to the routine use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, β-blockers, aldosterone antagonists and others, concentrating particularly on the best therapies for patients with diabetes. Device therapy is also becoming more widespread and the recommendations are reviewed also. There are newer treatments emerging, such as fish oils and ivabradine, which may alter heart failure management in the future.


Development mode of economic modernization of Middle East is not capitalism in its full sense. Middle East, Latin America and newly-arisen industrialized countries share largely the same development mode with the same starting point. However, the achievements they made differ greatly. A comparative study of cultural background, national role, and development strategies of these countries may help us find the solutions to this problem.


Reviews of Ancient Chinese by JING Gui sheng are welcome.However,from a book review by LU You ren WANG Yong an,a genuine review seems to be far from the demand.Whether it gives praise or criticism,a review should be based on facts instead of fictitiousness.So the society calls for an impartial,genuine and healthy review.


The features of hair elemental composition of the children from 3 to 15 living in the territory of Tomsk region have been determined. The data of average content of 29 chemical elements in children's hair in different areas were introduced. The coefficients of the examined elements concentration in the hair relative to the average region value were calculated for each territory. Groups of areas with a specific spectrum of elements accumulated in children's hair in the amount exceeding average region indices were singled out.


In 2011, the National Union of Students (NUS) Women's Department launched a survey into the incidence of sexual harassment and assault on campus. The survey, Talk About It, produced one particularly harrowing figure: 67% of women responding to the surveyed reported they had an unwanted sexual experience on campus.


. We study the self-equivalence groups associated with objectsin (i)the track homotopy category over a fixed space B, (ii) the track homotopy category under a fixed space A and (iii)the category of homotopy pairs. In each case a short exact sequence decomposition of the self-equivalence group is available.In the case of (i) the group is isomorphic to the group of fibre-homotopy self-equivalences of an associated fibration,the decomposition (in other form) is known and has been used as the basis of computations. We make sample computations in the simplest situations for (i),(ii), and (iii),in each case solving the extension problem that arises by considering secondary operations and determining the Toda-Hopf invariant of relevant tracks. We indicate that in certain cases such computations can be used to determine the self-equivalence group of a mapping cone.


This paper presents a new signal model in distributed compressed sensing (DCS) and a reconstruction algorithm to reduce the number of samples required to accurately reconstruct signals obtained via sensors. While the conventional signal models in DCS assume that all signals include exactly the same common component, our model exploits the attenuation and time delay of the common component. With this extension, one can deal with signals originated from a source located in the field. To reconstruct such signals, we developed a new algorithm based on the alternative direction multiplier method. The algorithm efficiently reconstructs computer-generated signals using a reduced number of samples. In addition, we demonstrate the superior reconstruction quality with our method by using real electromyographic signals.


The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a very promising process for the conversion of low or medium temperature heat to electricity in small and micro scale biomass powered systems. Classic ORC is analogous to Clausius-Rankine cycle in a steam power plant, but instead of water it uses low boiling, organic working fluids. Seeking energy and economical optimization of biomass-based ORC systems, we have proposed some modifications e.g. in low boiling fluid circuit construction. Due to the fact that the operation of a micro steam turbine is rather inefficient from the technical and economic point of view, a specially modified air compressor can be used as a steam piston engine. Such engine should be designed to work at low pressure of the working medium. Studies regarding the first version of the prototype installation were focused on the confirmation of applicability of a straw boiler in the prototype ORC power system. The results of the previous studies and the studies described in the paper (on the new cogeneration unit) confirmed the high potential of the developed solution. Of course, many further studies have to be carried out.


cost. Advantages and possible applications lie in the creation of architectural models and in the renovation of monuments. This work presents the process of designing and measuring local controls for setting out whose coordinates of points should be determined with such accuracy that staked out engineering structures were determined within the taken limits of construc ‑ tion tolerances. To solve this problem a global inaccuracy index of determining coordinates of points of the setting out control has been proposed. Definition of the index is based on the covari ‑ ance matrix of two orthogonal functions F d and F k .This parameter is connected with equation of geodetic observation network, so it depends on network scale. Functions F d and F k describe distance and direction (angular) deformations of geodetic network. The function F d represents linear form (differential) of sum of distanc ‑ es between geodetic network points in all dual combinations. The function F d is the sum of projections of partial coordinates dx and dy of each point of the control on all directions determined in the relation to other points of the control. But the function F k is orthogonal to the function F d , hence, it represents the sum of projections of partial coordinates dx and dy of each point of con‑ sidered control on directions being orthogonal to all directions considered for the function F d . On the of such defined functions and a covariance matrix for the coordinates of points of a setting out control a co ‑ variance matrix cov[ F d , F k ] is determined. Transformed out ma‑ trix onto parameters of the constant probability density ellipse the global inaccuracy of the considered control. The covariance matrix cov[ F d , F k illustrates linear and angular defor‑ mation of geodetic network (realisation network), resulting from its survey inaccuracy. The out with an assumption that the global interval inaccuracy of determination of coordinates of all considered points within the control should be less than the limited construction tolerance multiplied by a quantile of the Student's t distribution. The thesis proposes the specific task of the least squares method basing on estimation algorithm of point coordinates of horizontal and vertical control network and with different con ‑ ditions of connecting to National Geodetic Control Network, included in the tie construction. Classification and properties of different types of reference systems for realization network has been formulated on the basis of Gauss–Markow model with ran ‑ dom parameters, using block matrix algebra. Formulas for differ ‑ entials estimates to approximate coordinates have been derived, along with covariance matrix, seperately for the national geodet ‑ ic control points and horizontal and vertical control points. On the basis of these values three criteria were formulated in relation to tying horizontal and vertical control network to the national coordinate system. A numerical example inserted at the end illustrates all stages of random parameters estimation as well as the way in which the analysed horizontal and vertical control network is tied to the national coordinate system. of pleura and peritoneum. Therefore, it is important to explore available methods to try to develop technology for detection and location of asbestos in the human environment. The paper presents the previous experience in the field of remote sensing detection of asbestos roofs which have been described in the literature. Furthermore, it was described own experiment which checked the possibility of visual detection of asbestos roofing on high resolution orthophotomaps. Results of this work suggest that the potential for automatic detection of roofing materials have hyperspectral aerial imag ‑ ing methods. Research are worth continuing because public ad ‑ ministration authorities are interested in introduction to GIS the location of asbestos roofs for the efficient management of their utilisation. Ground‑based radar interferometry is a technique which has been used for several years to measure displacements. The IBIS‑S system, which is the result of the practical implementation of this technique, allows us to measure position changes of the observed points, for example, on tall building structures. This article presents practical issues associated with plan ‑ ning displacement measurements of tall building structures. The influence of the SNR coefficient on the efficiency and accuracy of the measurements has been discussed. A lot of attention was paid to the geometric parameters of the measurement, i.e. the range resolution, the projection factor and the characteristics of antennas, as well as to a need to take them into account at the observation planning stage. Also, interdependencies between the parameters of the radar operation in a dynamic mode were de ‑ termined. The authors also highlight a necessity of converting radial displacements into the real ones, which are often occur ‑ ring during the observation of tall structures, and the resulting problems. Land covered by water is a special type of object entered into the register of land and buildings. It is a separate usable land which includes: land under the internal marine waters land un ‑ der surface flowing waters and land under surface still waters. These types of usable land do not constitute an exhaustive list of all the areas covered by water. Land under ponds and land under ditches are registered as agricultural land as well. The Water Law provides for a specific procedure for adjust ‑ ing boundaries between the land under waters and the adjacent land, which is different from the procedures regulated by the Geodetic and Cartographic Law. However, in practice, the im ‑ plementation of this procedure encounters numerous problems due to imprecise regulations. This article analyzes the existing provisions of law on deter ‑ mining the boundaries of land under inland waters. Based on the author's own experiments and the available studies, the practical problems in the implementation of this procedure were empha ‑ sized. It was proposed to complement the Regulation so as to indicate clearly the successive stages of the proceedings and the persons responsible for their implementation. The article presents the currently used method of forecasting the impacts of mining on the surface in Poland. Consideration has been given to the importance of the parameters of Knothe's theory and the need for the designation for various mining and geological conditions. The paper applied the strict method using the observational equations to determine the parameters of the theory. The proposed calculation algorithm has been implement‑ ed in the program Scilab 5.4.1 and the accuracy of the application has been analyzed. Finally, the program has been used to deter ‑ mine the parameters in different regions of mining.


We present evidence for mass segregation in the outer-halo globular cluster Palomar 14, which is intuitively unexpected since its present-day two-body relaxation time significantly exceeds the Hubble time. Based on archival Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we analyze the radial dependence of the stellar mass function in the cluster's inner 39.2 pc in the mass range of 0.53-0.80 M_sun, ranging from the main-sequence turn-off down to a V-band magnitude of 27.1 mag. The mass function at different radii is well approximated by a power law and rises from a shallow slope of 0.6+/-0.2 in the cluster's core to a slope of 1.6+/-0.3 beyond 18.6 pc. This is seemingly in conflict with the finding by Beccari et al. (2011), who interpret the cluster's non-segregated population of (more massive) blue straggler stars, compared to (less massive) red giants and horizontal branch stars, as evidence that the cluster has not experienced dynamical segregation yet. We discuss how both results can be reconciled. Our findings indicate that the cluster was either primordially mass-segregated and/or used to be significantly more compact in the past. For the latter case, we propose tidal shocks as the mechanism driving the cluster's expansion, which would imply that Palomar 14 is on a highly eccentric orbit. Conversely, if the cluster formed already extended and with primordial mass segregation, this could support an accretion origin of the cluster.


Data from 996 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients indicated a highly significant association (P < 0.001) between periodic breast self‐examination (BSE) and pathologic stage of disease. Among women reporting periodic BSE, only small differences were noted between those who practiced monthly and those who practiced several times annually. Average maximum tumor diameter and frequency of tumors 4 cm or larger were significantly greater (P < 0.01) among women who rarely or never practiced BSE. The relationship between the periodic practice of BSE and the diagnosis of breast cancer before nodal involvement was present even after controling for a wide variety of variables. The regular practice of BSE was associated with a one‐third reduction in the likelihood of diagnosis of disease with positive nodes. This difference translated to a 10% decline in five‐year mortality for whites and a 17% decline for nonwhites.


The article invites the readers to approach the city itself as a text of culture. We are to read it alongside other narratives/narrations (literary, artistic, and cinematic) devoted to it. The author traces how Katowice's space has been transmuted into politically- and culturally-charged places, by distinguishing consecutive layers of the palimpsest (Polish village, building patterns of German and Polish times: the old and the new). The foregoing examples allow the author to indicate the traces of conceptions and ideologies reflected by architecture. He also includes some methodological recommendations/tips pertaining to reading the space.


Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Workshop 33: Conversational Agents for Health and Wellbeing CHI'20, April 25–30, 2020, Honolulu, HI, USA Abstract Mobile users are increasingly using chatbots to access services. Chatbots that understand user problems and emotions could be effective public health tools for stress management for those without professional support. However, stress management applications (including chatbots) have thus far been met with low adoption and high abandonment. In this workshop paper, we explore if short interactions with multiple chatbots can have wellness benefits and propose the creation of a suite of shallow chatbots—called Popbots—aimed at providing in-situ support for daily stressors by being quick, readily available, and engaging. To evaluate the feasibility of our approach and gather preliminary user feedback, we conducted an exploratory Wizard of Oz study (N=14), developed a prototype system, and evaluated this prototype in an online pilot (N=14) with university students. Based on data from 81 conversations, we note that users most often discussed issues related to "work" and self-reported that the system helped alleviate stress.


Aiming at the diagnosis analysis of transformer partial discharge under lightning impulse voltage test,the multi-scale oil-paper insulation gap model is established to study partial discharge characteristics under impulse voltage.Based on the mechanism of partial discharge under lightning impulse voltage,the time of lightning impulse voltage is divided into T1、T2、T3and T4.Driving mechanism of partial discharge in the stage of T4 is presented in detail.The results indicate that it is opposite polarity of partial discharge pulse in T2 and T4,but no overshoot oscillation phenomenon in T4;it extends the time of T3,the average discharge increases,cumulative discharge decreases and discharge repetition rate decreases with the increase of gap size.


This paper introduces a slurry suspension settlement prediction model for cohesive sediment in a still water environment. With no sediment input and a still water environment condition, control forces between settling particles are significantly different in the process of sedimentation rate attenuation, and the settlement process includes the free sedimentation stage, the log-linear attenuation stage, and the stable consolidation stage according to sedimentation rate attenuation. Settlement equations for sedimentation height and time were established based on sedimentation rate attenuation properties of different sedimentation stages. Finally, a slurry suspension settlement prediction model based on slurry parameters was set up with a foundation being that the model parameters were determined by the basic parameters of slurry. The results of the settlement prediction model show good agreement with those of the settlement column experiment and reflect the main characteristics of cohesive sediment. The model can be applied to the prediction of cohesive soil settlement in still water environments.


A pipe coupling for connecting a pipe 20 to a pipe connector sleeve 30 has an internally screw-threaded nut 110 engageable with externally screw-threaded sleeve 32 on connector sleeve 30. The nut 110 has a frusto-conical region 116 which engages with an external frusto-conical surface 22 of an axially split collet 18. The collet 18 serves to locate a seal back-up washer 28 which cooperates with an O-ring seal 28. The nut 110 has a substantially radially inwardly directed annular lip 140 providing one part of an abutment means whose other part is provided by the frustum 142 of collet 18 so as to limit the radially outward force applied to the nut 110 when extreme pressures are applied to the pipe coupling.


Despite the obvious psychosocial stress associated with pediatric heart transplantation, there has been little research conducted on the psychological impact of this highly invasive treatment. In this article we report on the personality functioning of 15 adolescent heart transplant recipients who completed the Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory. Psychological distress was common in the sample, and behavioral tendencies were more consistent with internalizing types of behavior. Different personality patterns emerged when patients who had received their transplant because of congenital disease were compared with those who had acquired cardiac conditions. Patients with a history of congenital disease endorsed more passive and dependent characteristics, which is consistent with both previous research and clinical practice. The findings are discussed within a developmental model of maladjustment.


Plant genetic resources (PGR) are those resources that are of benefit to man. They are plant materials containing useful characters of actual or potential values. They are the basic raw materials for crop improvement today and for the future. This paper analysed changes in publication trend by scientists from 1981 to 2015 at the CSIR-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute. It investigated major commodities covered by the articles produced by scientists of the Institute. The main area of study included publication formats covered by the articles in the Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute Reference (PGRRIREF Directory) (1981-2015). The study also highlighted recent research and development activities in each publication discipline in the PGRRIREF Directory. It is believed that information gathered from the analysis of this research, would increase the utilization of the crop plants in Ghana and beyond. Content analysis method and interviews were used for the study of the Publication pattern in CSIR-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute. The findings indicated among others that, socio-economic (27.2%), horticulture (21.5%), root and tubers (18.5%) recorded increasing publication disciplines. Technologies developed in these publication disciplines could be put on-line for a wider audience to enhance efficient conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources materials. Keywords: CSIR-Plant Genetic Resources Research Institute; publication pattern; discipline; formats; research activities


The magnetic field plays an essential role in the initiation and evolution of different solar phenomena in the corona. The structure and evolution of the 3D coronal magnetic field are still not very well known. A way to ascertain the 3D structure of the coronal magnetic field is by performing magnetic field extrapolations from the photosphere to the corona. In previous work, it was shown that by prescribing the 3D-reconstructed loops' geometry, the magnetic field extrapolation produces a solution with a better agreement between the modeled field and the reconstructed loops. This also improves the quality of the field extrapolation. Stereoscopy, which uses at least two view directions, is the traditional method for performing 3D coronal loop reconstruction. When only one vantage point of the coronal loops is available, other 3D reconstruction methods must be applied. Within this work, we present a method for the 3D loop reconstruction based on machine learning. Our purpose for developing this method is to use as many observed coronal loops in space and time for the modeling of the coronal magnetic field. Our results show that we can build machine-learning models that can retrieve 3D loops based only on their projection information. Ultimately, the neural network model will be able to use only 2D information of the coronal loops, identified, traced, and extracted from the extreme-ultraviolet images, for the calculation of their 3D geometry.


Research has been done on a high precise and effective monitoring system of metal cutting process based on virtual instrument interface in this paper. A regressive method、superposition principle and parabola interpolation are used to constitute the cutting force model, through which the feature of the cutting condition is extracted by parameter estimation and the whole cutting process is monitored.


Objective
To explore the prognostic factors and treatment regimens of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in elderly patients.

Methods
The data of characteristics, treatment regimens and outcomes were collected in elderly patients aged 70 years and over, with newly diagnosed DLBCL from our hospital in the last decade. Then the factors influencing therapeutic response, overall survival and progression-free survival were analyzed.

Results
A total of 49 patients aged 70 to 92 years (median 76 years) were enrolled in this study. Among them, 18 patients were aged 80 years and older; the other 31 patients were aged less than 80 years. The treatment regimen was based on Rituximab (R), Cyclophosphamide (C), Adriamycin (H), Vincristine (O), Prednisone (P) (R-CHOP). For the patients with worse performance status, or≥80 years, 50%-75% of standard dose of CHOP plus 100% of Rituximab (R) dose were as starting dose. The complete remission rate was 46.9% and partial remission rate was 18.4%, the overall effective rate was 65.3%. The 30 cases were in deaths. The median overall survival period was 25 months. The overall survival prolongation was associated with Ann Arbor stagingⅠ-Ⅱ, serum lactate dehydrogenase less than 245 U/L, age less than 80 years, IPI≤2 and completing 6 cycles of R-CHOP. And multivariate regression analysis showed that serum lactate dehydrogenase less than 245 U/L and 6 cycles of R-CHOP were the independent prognostic factors. Among patients who completed 6 cycles of R-CHOP treatment regimen, there were 7 patients aged over 80 years (38.9%) and 17 patients aged less than 80 years (54.8%). There were no significant differences between different age groups in overall survival (32 months vs. 34 months) and in progression-free survival (32 months vs. 32 months).

Conclusions
Reduced treatment intensity so as to complete the 6 cycles of R-CHOP treatment regimen could improve the outcomes of older patients who could not tolerance the dose of standard treatment regimen. And 6 cycles of R-CHOP treatment regimen are the independent prognostic factor for survival.

Key words:
Lymphoma, large B-cell, diffuse; Antineoplastic protocols


The present invention provides a kind of fluorubber microcellular foam material and preparation method thereof, and its formula includes 100 parts of fluorubber, 0-100 parts of filler, 5-20 parts of acid-acceptor, 1-2 parts of processing aid, 0-3 parts of modifying agent, 1-3 parts of vulcanizing agent;0-5 parts of accelerator, and preparation method is provided with above-mentioned formula, by microporous foam technique, prepare the expanded material of different performance, and asepsis environment-protecting.Present invention is mainly used for make high temperature resistant, oil resistant, the sebific duct of media-resistant, adhesive plaster, barrier film, seal etc.;Available for electronic component, electric fittings, various packaging materials and heat resistance gasket material etc..


The use of information technology in supporting the learning process has become one of the needs that must be prepared by teachers. Teachers must adapt to the development of information technology. Teachers must adapt and adapt to children who use information technology more and are smarter in using smartphones. There are many applications that can be used to support the information technology-based learning process. One application that can be used in making online questions is to use the Wordwall application. The purpose of this activity is to provide alternatives to teachers in using applications to create online practice questions. The selection of the Wordwall application with the consideration that the application is easy to use and the questions presented to students can be chosen in the form of games. By packing in the game, it is hoped that students will feel happy in doing the questions. The method in the activity is carried out by providing training and practicing directly. The use of this practical method is expected that teachers can directly implement the making of questions. As a result of this activity, the teachers were able to develop online questions and form the outputs of the questions with various forms of games and distribute the questions to students.


Cytotoxicity is the main human killer cell property. The cytotoxicity reaction of human killer cells is achieved through a complex of molecules, including perforins, granzyme, cathepsin and others. However, only one molecule is enough for target cell death: granzyme. Other molecules are intended for granzyme activation and its delivery to the target cell cytoplasm. Granzymes are a whole family of serine proteases that perform their function in the human body as integral cytolytic effectors during programmed cell death of cancer and pathogen-infected cells. Secreted mainly by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and NK-cells, granzymes initiate apoptosis via caspase-dependent and caspase-independent pathways. These natural properties make granzymes one of the most promising human enzymes for use in the development of targeted therapeutic strategies in the treatment of various types of cancer.The most promising is granzyme B, because it has the most powerful effector properties. Due to the initiation of cascade reactions that activate apoptosis, granzyme is attractive as a basis for the development of medicines applicable in clinical oncology. At this time, several approaches have been developed for delivering granzyme molecules to tumor cells and facilitating its penetration through the cell membrane. Moreover, some solutions are proposed to overcome the resistance of target cells to granzyme-mediated apoptosis. These approaches are discussed in this review.The purpose of this review was to systematize information on the use of granzyme B as a nanostructured drug delivery system in the treatment of solid and hematological malignancies. In addition, this review discusses ways to overcome the resistance of granzyme penetration into target cells.


Background

Insertion of a nasogastric tube in an anesthetized intubated patient may be difficult. A nasogastric tube is prone to coil and kink during insertion. We hypothesize that gastric biopsy forceps can be used as a flexible stylet-assisted nasogastric tube insertion. It can improve the first-attempt success rate over the conventional blind technique during nasogastric tube insertion in the anesthetized intubated patient.
Methods

Eighty adult patients who required intraoperative nasogastric tube insertions were randomized to the gastric biopsy forceps assisted technique (stylet group) or the conventional blind technique (control group) for insertion of a nasogastric tube. The success rates, the duration of insertion, the incidences of coiling and kinking of a nasogastric tube, and the occurrences of complications were recorded.
Results

The first-attempt success rate was 92.5% in the stylet group compared with 65% in the control group (P = 0.013). The overall success rate was higher in the stylet group (100% vs 85%; P = 0.026). The mean time required to insert the nasogastric tube was shorter in the stylet group (24.85 ± 9.62 vs 62.4 ± 59.38 seconds; P = 0.002). The incidences of coiling and kinking were lower in the stylet group (7.5% vs 32.5%; P = 0.005). The incidence of minor bleeding was lower in the stylet group, but not statistically significant (2.5% vs 17.5%; P = 0.057). No other complications were observed in either of the groups.
Conclusion

The gastric biopsy forceps-assisted nasogastric tube insertion resulted in a higher success rate, less time for insertion, and lower incidence of coiling and kinking of a nasogastric tube than the conventional blind technique in anesthetized intubated patients without serious complications.
Trial registration:
 Thai Clinical Trials Registry (www.clinicaltrials.in.th), TCTR20141018001 (19/09/2014).


Objective: to investigate the nursing diagnosis "Self-care deficit in dressing of mastectomized women". Method: this is a cross-sectional study, conducted with 55 women undergoing antineoplastic treatment in October and November 2011. We analyzed variables with "yes" and "no" answers by z test for proportions; associations between surgery type and defining characteristics by c test; normality of variables using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; and group mean values by the Mann-Whitney test. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Universidade de Fortaleza (Unifor), under the CAAE 0327.0.037.000-11. Results: the nursing diagnosis concerned was identified in 92.7% of women. The mean duration of surgery was lower in women with the ability to take off and close their clothes than in those without these defining characteristics (p = 0.046 and p = 0.036, respectively). There was no association between these characteristics and right or left mastectomy (p > 0.005). Conclusion: data suggest that the nurse involves the preparation of a partner, relative, or caregiver to support in "dressing up". Descriptors: Nursing; Mastectomy; Women's Health; Self-Care. RESUMO Objetivo: investigar o diagnóstico de enfermagem "Déficit no autocuidado para se vestir de mulheres mastectomizadas". Método: trata-se de estudo transversal, realizado com 55 mulheres em tratamento antineoplásico em outubro e novembro de 2011. Foram analisadas variáveis com respostas "sim" e "não" pelo teste z para proporções; associações entre tipo de cirurgia e características definidoras pelo test c; normalidade das variáveis pelo teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov; e médias dos grupos pelo teste de MannWhitney. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade de Fortaleza (Unifor), sob o CAAE n. 0327.0.037.000-11. Resultados: o diagnóstico de enfermagem em questão foi identificado em 92,7% das mulheres. O tempo médio de cirurgia foi menor nas mulheres com capacidade de tirar e de fechar a roupa do que naquelas sem essas características definidoras (p = 0,046 e p = 0,036, respectivamente). Não houve associação dessas características com mastectomia direita ou esquerda (p > 0,005). Conclusão: os dados suscitam que o enfermeiro envolva o preparo do parceiro, familiar ou cuidador no apoio a "vestir-se". Descritores: Enfermagem; Mastectomia; Saúde da Mulher; Autocuidado. RESUMEN Objetivo: investigar el diagnóstico de enfermería "Déficit en el autocuidado para vestirse de mujeres mastectomizadas". Método: esto es un estudio transversal, realizado con 55 mujeres en tratamiento antineoplásico en octubre y noviembre de 2011. Fueron analizadas las variables con respuestas "sí" y "no" por la prueba z para proporciones; asociaciones entre tipo de cirugía y características definidoras por la prueba c; normalidad de las variables por la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov; y medias de los grupos por la prueba de Mann-Whitney. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Universidade de Fortaleza (Unifor), bajo el CAAE 0327.0.037.000-11. Resultados: el diagnóstico de enfermería en cuestión fue identificado en 92,7% de las mujeres. La duración media de la cirugía fue menor en las mujeres con capacidad de quitar y cerrar la ropa que en aquellas que no tienen esas características definidoras (p = 0,046 y p = 0,036, respectivamente). No hubo asociación de esas características con mastectomía derecha o izquierda (p > 0,005). Conclusión: los datos plantean que el enfermero involucre la preparación del compañero, familiar o cuidador en el apoyo a "vestirse". Descriptores: Enfermería; Mastectomía; Salud de la Mujer; Autocuidado. Nurse. Professor at the Nursing Technical Course of Escola Irmã Tereza Maria de Jesus. Recife (PE), Brazil. Email: email@example.com; Nurse at Hospital São Carlos. Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. Email: email@example.com; Nurse. PhD student in Nursing at Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC). Professor at Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR) and at Faculdade de Ensino e Cultura do Ceará (FAECE). Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com; Nurse. PhD in Nursing. Adjunct Professor at the Department of Nursing of UFC. Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. Email: email@example.com; PhD student in Nursing at UFC. CAPES scholarship holder. Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. Email: email@example.com; Statistician. PhD in Public Health. Professor at the College of Nursing of Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE). Fortaleza (CE), Brazil. Email: email@example.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE Pereira CEL, Santana LMV, Valente MMQP et al. Self-care deficit in dressing of... English/Portuguese J Nurs UFPE on line., Recife, 7(spe):6206-14, Oct., 2013 6207 DOI: 10.5205/reuol.4397-36888-6-ED.0710esp201320 ISSN: 1981-8963 The main objective of nursing is providing good quality care in a humanized way, meeting the needs of the individual who is going through a health/illness process, so that she/he can overcome it in the best possible way. In the case of a woman diagnosed with breast cancer who undergoes mastectomy, her basic needs are changed, requiring from the nurse assistance and guidance for self-care. For this, it is necessary that this professional is aware of the female patient's needs, something which is possible by means of Nursing Care Systematization (NCS). According to the Resolution of the Federal Council of Nursing (COFEN) 272/2002, NCS is an exclusive task of the nurse. For implementing it, we need to use the scientific method, resulting in an organized way to provide care. It consists of previously established steps, including the investigation of patient's data, diagnosis, intervention, and nursing evaluation. In order to ensure care for women with breast cancer, the nurse needs to be updated, expanding her/his technical and scientific knowledge, technical skills, understanding of disease mechanisms and treatments, as well as the increasing incorporation of technology, providing the population with greater access to information. In 2010, Brazil registered about 49,240 new cases of breast cancer, 17,540 of them in capital cities. For Ceará, in 2010, 1,660 new cases of breast cancer were estimated per 100,000 women, something which corresponds to a gross rate of 37.2. In turn, the number of new cases in the capital city, Fortaleza, was 690, corresponding to a gross rate of 51.6. Thus, breast cancer is the most common among the female population, it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among western women, a fact proven by the high number of new cases identified each year. It is the most feared neoplasia by women, both due to the high prevalence and because it is not preventable, it can only be detected early. Another concern is related to a possible mastectomy, which leads to psychological disorders because of self-image changes, as well as the physical discomfort of surgery and constraints to perform daily life activities. Studies have investigated self-care deficit in mastectomized women. A documentary research carried out with 239 women who underwent such surgery in an oncology reference hospital in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, identified self-care deficit as being among the most prevalent nursing diagnoses (NDs) (69.6%). Another documentary study, conducted at the Oncology Service of the Center for Integral Care to Women's Health (CAISM), of Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), with 140 clients who would undergo surgery, including mastectomy and extensive breast excision, showed the occurrence of NDs related to the Mover standard, such as: Potential for impaired physical mobility; Impaired physical mobility related to the restriction of movement posed by medical prescription; Changed health maintenance related to the lack of interest expressed in health promoting behaviors. These health problems may predispose the female patient to have a decreased self-care behavior due to limited movements and lack of interest in health promotion, i.e. the promotion of care procedures to maintain her well-being. Considering the high incidence of breast cancer and its impacts on women's health, the relevance of NCS stands out, in order to prevent complications which may interfere even more with the quality of life of these female patients, with the application of appropriate interventions for the ND concerned. The Resolution COFEN 358/2009 provides that the NCS is deliberately performed and that its implementation occurs in all environments and at the various levels of care in which nursing care is performed, whether in a public or private institution. Realizing that the woman who undergoes a mastectomy goes through a long process of intervention and recovery and that her basic needs are affected, there is a need for an effective nursing care, so that the woman can face her difficulties with less physical and psychological harm. Encouraging these women to practice selfcare will allow an opportunity to better evaluate her living conditions and her daily decision making with regard to the adoption of healthy habits, in addition to the importance of keeping her informed about the care procedures which are indispensable to mastectomy, so that she actively participates in her recovery and rehabilitation. The greater the knowledge of women about the surgery, the greater adherence to self-care measures and the lower risks of complications. In this context, studies evaluating, in mastectomized women, the ND "Self-care deficit in dressing" are scarce. In the literature review conducted in the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval INTRODUCTION Pereira CEL, Santana LMV, Valente MMQP et al. Self-care deficit in dressing of... English/Portuguese J Nurs UFPE on line., Recife, 7(spe):6206-14, Oct., 2013 6208 DOI: 10.5205/reuol.4397-36888-6-ED.0710esp201320 ISSN: 1981-8963 System Online (MEDLINE), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), and Database of Nursing (BDENF), from J


Understanding plant responses to environmental stresses is a key strategy to meet the challenges of food security, adequate nutrition and sustainable agriculture. Environmental stresses limit plant growth and crop yields. In this thesis, the roles of Late Embryogenesis Abundant 5 (LEA5) and Ethylene Responsive Factor 109 (ERF109) in plant growth and stress tolerance were investigated. These two genes are involved in the regulation of plant redox processes. LEA5 was previously shown to provide tolerance to oxidative stress. Furthermore, previous studies using transgenic A. thaliana found that the over-expression of LEA5 resulted in plants with a greater biomass. However, the precise functions of LEA5 in these processes are unknown. In this thesis, genetic and protein interaction approaches were used to investigate the role of LEA5. Protein interaction studies, which used tandem affinity purification (TAP) of protein complexes combined with mass-spectrometry revealed several LEA5 interacting partners, including genes associated with stress tolerance. Transgenic crops provide a promising avenue to reduce yield losses, improve growth. Homozygous transgenic barley plants expressing LEA5 were found to have an altered shoot phenotype compared to WT barley plants.

ERF109 is part of a regulatory network that has a major role in the adjustment of A. thaliana leaves to reach homeostasis after high-light stress. Understanding the roles of transcriptional regulatory networks and their effects on downstream target genes will aid in the development of stress tolerant crops. Phenotype analysis of erf109 mutants presented here suggest that ERF109 has a role in the control of shoot growth in the absence of stress. Moreover, protein interactions of ERF109 were elucidated using TAP, a number of which might explain the phenotypic characteristics of the erf109 mutants. Taken together, this information could be used in breeding programmes to improve the predictability and sustainability of crop yields by enhancing stress tolerance.


In this paper we generalize the superstability of the exponential functional equation proved by J. Baker et al. [2], that is, we solve an exponential type functional equation and obtain the superstability of this equation. Also we generalize the stability of the exponential type equation in the spirt of R. Ger[4] of the following setting


OBJECTIVE To know the hospital prevalence rate,discover the existing problems,analyze the main influence factors,and find out the effective ways to prevent and control infection.METHODS By the combination of clinic and patients history survey,the cases with hospital infection were calculated and analyzed.RESULTS A total of 168 inpatients were actually investigated,the actual survey rate was 100.0%;6.5% for the prevalence rate by hospital infection;and 7.0% for the case prevalence rate.The main areas of hospital infection are the operation incisions;the main risks are the malnutrition and trauma;The incidence of antibiotic use was 38.7%.CONCLUSION The surveyors on hospital prevalence this time have all been trained strictly,so their results are credible.The injury or malnutrition patients should be given enhancing surveillance.Processing of injury patients and the environmental management should be strengthened to strictly perform the aseptic operation and control the hospital infection.


In this paper, we present a novel video signal processor (VSP) architecture, named VS-VSP, which combines the very long instruction word (VLIW) control with the single instruction multiple data (SIMD) processing technology. The SIMD architecture provides high performance for the computation-intensive tasks, and the VLIW control introduces satisfactory flexibility to the whole system. In addition, a hierarchical memory organization is employed in VS-VSP to tackle the high data-bandwidth requirements in the video signal processing application. The proposed VS-VSP architecture can be exploited for implementing a variety of video coding algorithms efficiently.


Hospital acquired conditions, such as adverse drug events, central line associated bloodstream infections, and ventilator associated pneumonias, declined by 17% from 2010 to 2013, resulting in 50 000 fewer patient deaths and $12bn (£7.7bn; €9.7bn) in healthcare savings, a report released by the US Department of Health …


The article is devoted to the comprehensive study of changes in modern trends in the use of innovative technologies characterized by the transition to knowledge economy and information society, which in many respects determine the economic and social type of development of the international and national economy. The article reveals the problems, the main directions and prospects in the category of «intellectual enterprise». The authors focus on the role of innovation in the modern world, its active dissemination, introduction into all spheres of economic activity, emergence of new technologies, intellectualization and informatization of production. The authors propose the proper definition of the category of «intellectual enterprise». Particular attention is paid to the relevance of intellectual entrepreneurship in modern conditions, which primarily happens due to active changes of such concepts as «knowledge», «trade», as well as constant reorientation of modern trends. The entrepreneurial sector determines the preconditions for the formation of qualitative changes of an economic and social nature, based on the introduction of innovations and self-organization of business entities. As exploratory task, the authors identified an attempt to evaluate intellectual entrepreneurship in the context of innovation on the example of developed countries. This direction is also supplemented by consideration of current trends in the development of intellectual entrepreneurship in Ukraine, which today, unlike many developed countries, is just being initiated in the realities of Ukrainian business environment. In the end, certain measures were proposed those could provide the necessary processes for creating a supportive environment where the process of formation, growth, use and creative processing of already existing data and information as a resource for creating innovative solutions in Ukraine will take place.


Abstract Based on examination of type specimens a crane fly species Tipula (Vestiplex) hugueniniana Alexander, 1971 is proposed as junior synonym of Tipula (V.) wahlgrenana Alexander, 1968. The new synonymy is based on similarity of male genitalia.


The semi-canonical second-order optimised effective potential (OEP2-sc) method [R.J. Bartlett, I. Grabowski, S. Hirata and S. Ivanov, J. Chem. Phys. 122, 034104 (2005). doi:10.1063/1.1809605] is one of the most stable and efficient correlated OEP approaches. In this work, we introduce its scaled-opposite-spin (SOS) variant, named OEP2-SOS-sc. This new method further improves over the OEP2-sc for various properties, including correlation potentials, relaxed densities, and energies, fully retaining the good stability of the original approach. Thus, the OEP2-SOS-sc is an efficient and promising tool for high-level density functional theory simulations. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


In I904 Max Beerbohm, characteristically premature with his nostalgia, found in Sarah Bernhardt a presence no less than imperial. 'In Queen Victoria I saw always something of that uncanny symbolism which Mr Pater saw in the portrait of Mona Lisa', he reminisced. 'Here, too, surely was the head upon which all the ends of the world were come, and the eyelids were a little weary ... there is no one now to give me that kind of emotion in like degree; but, certainly, the person most nearly filling the void is Madame Sarah Bernhardt'.1 Pater's image, itself thoroughly institutionalized by this time, suitably evoked both a deceased empress and a great actress, and all institutions, when seen from the perspective of the Dandy, must have demanded a similarly facetious response. And empress and actress may indeed have had much in common. However, whereas an empress is an institution by definition, an actress can ascend to that status only at some late stage in her career when her personal set of effects has come to interlock on a familiar axis with a predictable set of responses. Beyond that point she might even become an icon, an image of herself around which the world, its plots, and its characters merely revolve. Immune to time, impervious to response, icons take their power from their deathly permanence: a dubious fate for an actress to pursue. Even in the I88os, and certainly by the i89os, Sarah Bernhardt, so far as many English critics were concerned, had already come to seem a troubling anachronism. They accused her art of no longer providing any challenge, and described her performances as 'mechanical'. In some ways it is easy to


Distributions of run-up are calculated by assigning to each individual wave in an irregular wave train a run-up value according to Hunt's formula. The use of this formula permits a normalization of the run-up in such a way that the run-up distributions are independent of slope angle, mean wave height and mean wave period, Expressions arc derived for the probability density and the distribution function of the run-up and of the wave steepness for arbitrary joint distributions .of wave height and period. Explicit results are obtained for wind waves by assuming wave height and period squared to be jointly Rayleigh distributed with arbitrary degree of correlation. Empirical data from the laboratory are discussed, These lend support to some of the main premises used and results obtained. A few field measurements of run-up distributions are presented; the Rayleigh distribution appears to fit these data.


During a revision of the genus Drosera for Flora Neotropica, a new species was found. Drosera peruensis is described as new from Peru for the neotropics and is placed in D. subg. Drosera in section Drosera. It is characterized by the presence of elongated stems, leaves that become patent when old, obovate-oblong blades with distinct petioles, filamentous trichomes on the abaxial leaf surface, and inflorescence with filamentous trichomes.


ABSTRACT Presently, Large communication energy is required for the entire project planning system in automation industries. This paper suggests the loss of energy efficiency modeling based on the Multiple Fuzzy Aggravated Energy Scheduling Approach (MFAESA). The Multiple Fuzzy Algorithms Energy Scheduling Approach in assistance with IoT setting builds up and incorporates the fuzzy algorithm in a single objective energy loss problem, based on the preparation period for energy savings and facilities. The algorithm searches the network's idling time and optimizes the task of preparing the energy usage approach to reduce the IoT system's overall energy usage in automation industries. The results show that Multi-Fuzzy Algorithms Energy Scheming outperforms conventional system design which improves accuracy and reduces the execution time.


When one thinks of Romantic drama, the first association is likely to be the page, not the stage. Byron's ambivalence toward public performance and judgment, Wordsworth's tirade against the "sickly and stupid German tragedies" in his preface to the Lyrical Ballads, and Shelley's unstageable The Cenci are all well-known examples of Romanticism's antitheatrical prejudice. But while the Great Names of Romanticism sometimes shunned the stage, the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century was a time of explosive growth in the number and variety of public theatres and of radical experimentation with dramatic form. A trio of new books devoted to Romantic drama and theatre history offer an exciting, revisionist look at this neglected material.


The currency of intercultural education has risen worldwide in response to increased diversity within societies resulting from migration and global flows of populations. As intercultural education becomes a core responsibility of schooling, the attention to developing students' intercultural capabilities grows even faster. The school and all the educational agencies must find the most suitable tools to adequately address the complex multiculturalism of the third millennium, so to promote the students' ability to understand one another across and beyond all types of cultural barriers. This paper offers a reflexive analysis of the efficacy of using autobiographical narratives for enhancing students' intercultural awareness. Autobiographical narratives have a productive potential as a strategy for stimulating reflexivity about cultural identities and intercultural relations. The Autobiography of Intercultural Encounters (AIE), published by the Council of Europe (2009), is proposed and analyzed as a framework that can help students reflect critically on specific intercultural encounters and promote intercultural communication situations. 'Intercultural communication' is today a model that allows all children and young people to recognize and being aware of each other's identity, as it is oriented towards fostering interaction, dialogue, mutual recognition and enrichment of any individual, in respect of the different identities of the other; it is an approach that offers a forward-looking model for managing cultural and language diversity.


The concept of safety for the Tyan'van nuclear power station and its VVER-1000 reactor, based on the principle of a deeply echeloned protection as applied to accidents that were formerly considered to be beyond the design basis, is presented. It is shown that the proposed measures for managing accidents can be used to prevent the melting of the reactor core in a large number of accident situations, even when additional failures arise. In the event of the transition of a design basis accident into a severe accident, the proposed measures mitigate the possible consequences and reliably ensure achievement of the safety objectives (the satisfying of the acceptance criteria of radiation safety).


Acute grazer toxicity of freshwater diatom biofilms was determined using Thamnocephalus platyurus Packard, an anostracan grazer, as the bioassay organism. The diatoms exhibited toxicity when the cells of the biofilm were freeze–thawed before the assay. The toxicity could be extracted from the biofilms with methanol and acetone, and only minimal toxicity was left in the insoluble residue. Bioassay‐guided HPLC separation of the methanolic extract was performed to trace the most toxic components. Analysis by UV spectrometry, gas chromatography, and mass spectrometry showed that 5,8,11,14,17‐eicosapentaenoic acid was responsible for most grazer toxicity. The 24‐h LC50 of this polyunsaturated fatty acid was 34 μM in the Thamnocephalus platyurus bioassay. The concentrations of other free fatty acids were not high enough to contribute significantly to the toxicity. Procedures that affected the integrity of the cells (e.g. solvent extraction, freezing and thawing, osmotic stress by addition of 20% NaCl, or grinding the cells in a mortar) were taken as model reactions for grazing and had the common effect of resulting in a dramatic increase of free polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids. Under these conditions, about 30% of the total fatty acids of the diatoms was transformed from the bound into the free form. The time necessary for liberation was very short. With the exception of 5,8,11,14,17‐eicosapentaenoic acid, which continued to be liberated, the hydrolysis of the other fatty acids was terminated less than 1 min after initiating the reaction. The classical extraction procedures using methanol and other solvents led to the appearance of a high percentage of free fatty acids in live cells. Treatment of biofilms with these solvents did not stop the hydrolysis of lipids initiated by the disintegration of the cells. However, boiling acetone completely suppressed the hydrolytic reactions, and free polyunsaturated fatty acids were not detected in live biofilm organisms, although nontoxic saturated fatty acids were present in moderate concentrations. These results were interpreted as an indication that the frequently reported existence of free polyunsaturated fatty acids in live biomass is an analytical artifact.


ABSTRACT Using open-ended, semi-structured interviews, this essay analyzes the various ways second-generation Haitians negotiate their ethnic identity in the Bahamas. Second-generation Haitians are exposed to and sometimes forced to choose between two cultures because they have been told they cannot be both Haitian and Bahamian. Based on participant's responses, six categories emerged: individual, African/Black, Bahamian, Bahamian of Haitian descent, Haitian, and Haitian-Bahamian. This essay argues that second-generation Haitians negotiate similar sociocultural factors in the construction of their identity. Growing up in a country where there is a stigma of being Haitian, participants negotiated connection to culture, citizenship, stigma, belonging, and self-ascription/ascription by others. Further, I argue that identities such as Bahamian, Bahamian of Haitian descent, and Haitian-Bahamian are challenging ideas of what it means to be Bahamian. Last, I argue that the Haitian identity is formed primarily in resistance to and protection from the hostility experienced in the Bahamas.


This introduction to the special issue on data and agency argues that datafication should not only be understood as the process of collecting and analysing data about Internet users, but also as feeding such data back to users, enabling them to orient themselves in the world. It is important that debates about data power recognise that data is also generated, collected and analysed by alternative actors, enhancing rather than undermining the agency of the public. Developing this argument, we first make clear why and how the question of agency should be central to our engagement with data. Subsequently, we discuss how this question has been operationalized in the five contributions to this special issue, which empirically open up the study of alternative forms of datafication. Building on these contributions, we conclude that as data acquire new power, it is vital to explore the space for citizen agency in relation to data structures and to examine the practices of data work, as well as the people involved in these practices.


Abstract
 This chapter provides general concepts and definitions important for an understanding of precision livestock farming (PLF) and how PLF can improve animal welfare.


A research project report submitted in partial
fulfillment of the requirement of Degree of Master of
Science in Finance, University of Nairobi


John Hatchard's book is motivated by the observation that "states of emergency are a common phenomenon in Africa and that during them, governments enjoy frighteningly wide powers which significantly affect the lives of every citizen" (Preface). The author hopes that by shedding light on the relationship between the declaration of states of emergency and individual freedoms, greater awareness will induce state elites to 1) construct constitutions that protect individual liberties while recognizing the state's need to claim sweeping powers in times of national emergency and 2) use emergency powers more judiciously and only briefly, when absolutely necessary. These are, of course, laudable objectives, but to jaded chroniclers of the human rights records of African states, they might ring hollow. Indeed, Hatchard closes the book with the following somber note:


Language-Centered Intelligence (LCI) is an approach to artificial intelligence currently under development at the University of Idaho. In this approach, the existing intervehicle communication language and associated logics are harnessed for parallel use to enable more advanced cognitive abilities, such as anticipation and hypothetical reasoning, and expand the behavioral repertoire of unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs). We begin with a brief background of relevant UUV research and continue by defining LCI. Next, we propose an architecture for LCI and describe a few applications of LCI to collaborative UUV behaviors. Here, we detail the three primary sub-modules of LCI, namely, the Look-Ahead Inspections Module, the Imagination Replacement Approach, and the newly-proposed Message Anticipation Module (MAM). We conclude that the LCI approach represents a sophisticated extension of cognition in artificial agents and systems that use language to communicate.


This study investigated the effects of environmental consequences and data 'collection in a behavior contracting procedure for obesity. Also, a validity study examined the GSR as a subject-independent-monitoring technique. Sixteen subjects matched on sex and percent overweight were assigned to one of three contract conditions or to a no-treatment condition. The Data Only Contract Group received consequences for data collection. The With Consequences Contract Group received consequences for data collection and behaviors relevant to weight loss. The Without Consequences Contract Group received no consequences for data collection or behaviors relevant to weight loss. The With Consequences Contract Group lost significantly more weight ( p ≤ .05) than the No Treatment Group. Specific effects were not determined.
The results of the validity study suggest that the GSR may not be a valid instrument as a subject-independent-monitoring technique. Factors affecting the galvanic skin response's- effectiveness were discussed.


Low frequency noise of NMOS and PMOS transistors in a 0.25 /spl mu/m foundry CMOS process with a pure SiO/sub 2/ gate oxide layer is characterized for the entire range of MOSFET operation. Surprisingly, the measurement results showed that surface channel PMOS transistors have about an order of magnitude lower 1/f noise than NMOS transistors especially at V/sub GS/-V/sub TH/ less than /spl sim/0.4 V The data were used to show that a VCO using all surface channel PMOS transistors can have /spl sim/14 dB lower close-in phase noise compared to that for a VCO using all surface channel NMOS transistors.


In conclusion it may be stated that since the completion of the work on Messier 13 similar but less extensive studies have been made of six other globular clusters and of two open groups. The results from the globular clusters, so far as they have been analyzed, are in good agreement with those summarized above for Messier 13. The presence of blue stars and the absence of exceptionally large color-indices indicate that the effectiveness of interstellar media as light scattering agents is very slight. In particular, the phenomenon of decreasing color-index with decreasing brightness holds for such clusters as Messier 3, 5, and 15, and is very probably a general characteristic of all globular systems. August 1916.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of aerobic and resistance exercise training for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Three patients with CKD stage 2, 3, and 4 performed aerobic exercise for 30 minutes on a bicycle ergometer with a workload within the anaerobic threshold and performed resistance exercise for a maximum of 10 repetitions. Each patient performed the aerobic and resistance exercise training twice a week for 6 months under supervision. No deterioration of renal function was observed in any of the 3 patients. In addition, decreases in urine protein excretion and blood pressure were observed in all patients. Consequently, body function, physical activity performance, and lipid profiles were also improved. Therefore, our aerobic and resistance exercise program can be performed safely and may be considered useful for patients with CKD, although the efficacy of the protocol needs to be confirmed in a large number of patients. (Tokyo Jikeikai Medical Journal 2013;128:171-8) Department of Rehabilitation, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Science, International University of Health and Welfare Department of Rehabilitation, The Jikei University Hospital Physio center, Inter Reha Division of Kidney and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine EFFICACY OF SUPERVISED 6-MONTH AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE EXERCISE PROGRAM IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE 樋 口 謙 次 久 保 晃 下 地 大 輔 3 津 田 泰 志 宇都宮 保 典 安 保 雅 博 6 慢性腎臓病3症例における有酸素およびレジスタンス運動を


A personal letter presents some data on the death-to-case rate for legal abortions in the U.S. for 1972-1974, to show a study of sufficient scope to account for the normal wide range of variations encountered when attempting to measure mortality risks. The data are taken from that published by the Center for Disease Control in Atlanta, Georgia, which is considered to encompass sufficient data. The relative safety of abortion is considered to be emphasized by the very low indications of statistical studies.


Total energy electronic structure calculations, based on density functional theory or on the more empirical tight binding approach, are generally believed to scale as the cube of the number of electrons. By using the localisaton property of the high temperature density matrix we present exact deterministic algorithms that scale linearly in one dimension and quadratically in all others. We also introduce a stochastic algorithm that scales linearly with system size. These results hold for metallic and non metallic systems and are substantiated by numerical calculations on model systems.


In teaching oral skills to learners of English as a second or foreign language, it is important to provide successful corrective feedback without destroying students' confidence. The effectiveness of error correction is open to debate, but there is an intuitive sense among teachers and learners that it is helpful. The situation in Japan is particularly difficult, as students are reluctant to speak out in class because of cultural values, shyness, and lack of oral skills. Classes tend to be large (30-70) and there is little personal contact with the students. One technique for giving non-threatening, personalised feedback is the use of tape journals the spoken equivalent of written journals. Students made a 5-10 minute tape on a subject of their own choice, and were encouraged to make notes first and then speak as freely as possible. They then listened to their recording and noted any mistakes they noticed. The teacher recorded her comments at the end of the tape, and kept her own notebook to enable her to chart any emerging patterns of mistakes over the weeks. Her recordings included a personal, communicative response to the students' material. One advantage of this technique is its popularity among students, and most felt that it had improved their fluency in some way. The tapes also provide one of the students' few opportunities to speak to a native speaker on a one-to-one basis. Students welcomed the opportunity to choose their own topic as a useful aid to vocabulary expansion. The teacher learned a great deal about her students from the tapes, and felt this enabled her to build a better relationship with them. A planned discourse activity of this kind does, however, lack the interaction and spontaneity of a conversation, so it is not the complete answer to the problem of providing feedback in a communicative situation.


[Objective]The research aimed to provide references for the DNA vaccine development of bovine tuberculosis.[Method] The ag85b gene fragment amplified by PCR from Mycobacterium bovis was cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1(+), the recombinant plasmid pcAg85B was obtained. Then the recombinant plasmid was transfected into SP2/0 cells in vitro. Indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of target protein in SP2/0 cells transfected by pcAg85B.[Result] Indirect immunofluorescence which used to detect the expression of target protein showed SP2/0 cells transfected by pcAg85B appeared fluorescence.So the target protein had been successfully expressed. [Conclusion] This study laid a foundation for ag85b gene DNA vaccine of Mycobacterium bovis.


This study aims to understand the structure of the story in the novel Haniyah and Ala di Rumah Teteruga by Erni Aladjai with the narrative approach of Tzvetan Todorov's fantastical story. The purpose of fantastics is to interpret reality. Where the tension of something unreal collides with the existing reality. As a fantastic story, the novel "Haniyah and Ala di Rumah Teteruga" by Erni Aladjai is a manifestation of the author's fictional depiction of reality. Haniyah and Ala novels in the Teteruga House are not fictional stories that only provide entertainment. But there is also a message that the author wants to convey to readers and literary connoisseurs. To understand more deeply what appears to be explicit in the novel, fantastical stories are useful for intercession of the meaning of reality in the novel. Based on the results of the analysis, Haniyah and Ala novels in the Teteruga House belong to the class of pure fantastical stories. Because, at the beginning of the story, there is already a vacillation between the magical and the logical. Meanings that can be explained outside the structure of the novel include labeling and bullying that have a negative impact and attitudes that can be used as a reference to maintain tolerance, maintain tradition, and balance. Haniyah and Ala's novel at Teteruga's house also has a medium of storing reality that is not explicitly featured in the novel including the labeling and bullying experienced by the character impacting mental and physical health. Another meal that can be explained is related to efforts to maintain tolerance, especially between religious people and maintain traditions that have become a real means of environmental and ecological education to the next generation.


The paper is aimed at understanding adult developmental process and how this process unfolds for individuals; what is it like to grow old? , why are older people the way they are? , what changes as people age and why are there so many differences among people of the same age? In addition, it is also aimed at exploring ways of slowing the process of aging, prolong life and reduce the period of dependency that most often precedes death. The paper which employed secondary methods of data collection, revealed that we are in the midst of a monumental revolution; the fundamental restructuring of the population from one that is dominated by youth to one that includes many older people as well. It further revealed that in most developing countries particularly Nigeria, aging has not emerged as a dominant social problem. Rarely are special resources directed to meet the needs of people over 60years, regardless of their contribution to the development of the country. The paper however, recommended comprehensive formal social support systems for the elderly who have served the nation in various capacities during their younger days.


We focus on the enhanced electron density in the ionospheric F-region associated with polar patches and blobs using the data taken with EISCAT radar and all-sky imager at Longyearbyen. Polar patches are regions of high-density plasma in the polar cap F-region. They are thought to be generated by expansion of the polar cap convection driven by pulsed reconnection [Lockwood and Carlson, 1992] and transported anti-sunward by ExB drift. Subsequently they exit polar cap and evolve into blobs in the sunward return flow region of closed field line. These phenomena play important role on electron density fluctuations in the polar cap and high-latitude ionosphere. However detailed processes controlling the electron density distribution are not understood well. EISCAT Svalvard Radar (ESR) observed the enhanced electron density in the F-region associated with polar patches 1730 to 2230 UT (2000-0100 MLT) on 11 January 2016. Compared with the simultaneous OI (630.0 nm) emission all-sky images, eleven polar patches were identified. We find that the electron density profiles in the polar patches were classified into the two groups as follows: One is that electron density was enhanced in the altitude range from 300 to 500 km. The other is that the enhancement in electron density ranged from 250 to 350 km altitudes. On the other hand, SuperDARN data showed that the ion velocity in the polar cap in the latter case was higher than that in the former case. Thus, we suggest that this difference would be caused by the difference of ion convection speed in the polar cap as described in the following mechanism. When the ion velocity is high, the difference between the ion and neutral velocity becomes large and then the ion temperature increases by frictional heating. The


This article describes various jaguar or ocelotl masquerades performed in the region around Chilapa, State of Guerrero, México. It argues that the timing of the performances, often to coincide with the feast day of San Marcos or Santa Cruz, suggests that the dances mark the transition from the dry to the wet agricultural season. Furthermore, the two feast days with which they are most commonly associated may form part ofa more inclusive ceremonial round dedicated to agri cultural activity. Certain similarities are then noted between these performances and pre-Hispanic central Mexican beliefs about the ocelotl and the divinity, Tezcatlipoca. It is suggested that though the present meaning of dance dramas like the Tlocololeros may be quite distinct from any pre-Hispanic version, there nevertheless subsists strong structural parallels between them.


If you are involved in the beef industry, it is hard to forget the date of December 23, 2003. The discovery of BSE that day may very well have changed the way the US beef industry conducts business evermore. Even though the industry understands and has done a good job of explaining the science behind BSE, the days of expecting our customers to blindly trust us are over (Saunders, 2005). I for one believe that to be a good thing; to help us focus on our end customer and not only what we are producing... but also how we are producing and being appropriately rewarded for meeting their demands.


Abstract : A field and laboratory measurements program sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, Cambridge Research Laboratory and Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory is being conducted to determine the response of microwave radiometers to various snow conditions. The field portion of the program was carried out within the confines of Crater Lake National Park, with data obtained from new fallen powder snow and old metamorphosed snow. The measurements were made at three frequencies, 13.5 GHz, 37 GHz, and 94 GHz, with microwave temperatures recorded for both horizontal and vertical polarizations at viewing angles ranging from nadir to the local horizon. Similar laboratory measurements were made of artificial snow manufactured in an environmental chamber in which snow temperature and moisture content can be controlled. (Modified author abstract)


The last two years have witnessed many major geophysical events such as the Loma Prieta earthquake, new insights into plate motions, new seismic and mid-ocean ridge observational programs, and new views of a distant planet. AGU's Public Information Committee, chaired by Debra Knopman of the U.S. Geological Survey, was asked by the American Institute of Physics to prepare a series of articles on the major topics in geophysics for publication in Physics News in 1990. Several of those papers did appear in the AIP publication.

In the absence of a comparable publication devoted solely to a summary of news in geophysics, AGU is publishing the 20 articles solicited by the Public Information Committee as a booklet, Geophysics News 1990, that is being distributed to the media. The articles are also being published in Eos starting with this issue and continuing for the next several weeks.

The topics covered in these articles range from the world's deepest rocks to the powerful blast waves from major solar flares.


With the constant development of single chip microcomputers,more and more single chip microcomputer applied systems need to transmit messages for a long distance.Electric-network carrier communication has an evident advantage because it can transmit messages with ready electric.network.The thesis introduces a method of electric network career communication between single chip microcomputers with LM1893 chips.presents the design of its hardware system and communication software.


As a director of a family medicine programme at the American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, I have to make sure that residents receive proper training. The programme I work on is based in a tertiary care hospital. This has its pluses and minuses. Our paediatrics load is minimal, and the number of deliveries requested by the Accreditation Committee for Graduate Medical Education in the US is difficult if not impossible to attain in my setting. Having a satellite clinic in a marginalised community may overcome these barriers.

With the help of a resident, I identified a non-governmental organisation (NGO) that runs a clinic in Sabra Camp in Beirut. After listening to a presentation by a doctor who worked in that clinic I visited the place. The road to the clinic is narrow and barely allows the passage of two cars. This puts the cars of residents and faculty at risk of accidents. If an accident happens, neither the NGO nor the institution we work in will cover that. One of our faculty members was against sending our residents to this clinic as it will give an impression that family medicine is a specialty for the poor! After reviewing the website of the NGO, I realised that occasionally there are armed clashes between two clans in the area, which puts the residents and me in danger. In this situation lives are at risk.

Why then send the residents to this set-up? My visit included the clinic and the 'houses' of three families in the community. The clinic consisted of three rooms, a kitchen, one bathroom, and a terrace. The doctor's room occupied less than 9m2 area; but it serves the purpose. The other two rooms were bigger and are around 12m2 each. One room is used to …


Based on perfluorosulfonic acid polymer membranes (PFSA,e.g.Nafion),polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) operate with hydrogen or purified reformate gas due to the strong poisoning effect of fuel impurities.Consequently,a complicated fuel storage or fuel processing system is needed.Direct methanol fuel cells,on the other hand,suffer from slow anodic kinetics and therefore low power density.The newest technology in the field is the development of temperature resistant polymer membranes for operation at temperatures higher than 100°C.The high temperature PEMFC exhibits performance compatible with PFSA based PEM fuel cell but can tolerate up to 3 %(volume fraction) carbon monoxide.The high CO tolerance makes it possible to use the reformed hydrogen directly from a simple methanol reformer without further CO removal.This opens possibility for an integrated reformer fuel cell system,which is expected to exhibit high power density and simple construction as well as efficient capital and operational cost.


In June of 1994, three universities and a national laboratory (Penn State, the University of Washington, the University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez, Sandia Labs) formed a partnership, under the auspices of the Technology Reinvestment Program (TRP) of the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). This partnership focused on injecting a stronger manufacturing emphasis into the engineering curriculum, with a strong industry connection. Now after three years, each of the three universities have in place formal minors and options in design and manufacturing as well as new laboratories known as Learning Factories 1 . A cornerstone of this project has been the growing interest and support of local industry to participate in the development of these programs, particularly in the area of senior design projects. Currently, nearly 100 companies are supporting senior projects for students in these programs at the three universities. Such projects require major commitment of resources for planning and execution from both the universities and the companies. This paper describes some of the processes, some of the successes and some of the failures in this effort.


In this demo we showcase a method for the selective streaming of 3D objects in online mobile games. The proposed method ranks each object by its importance for the current activity performed by the player, and transmits the most important objects first. Our goal is to improve the real-time response and interactivity of networked VEs and games through an efficient context-aware 3D object selection and prioritization scheme, before streaming those objects over the network.


The coupling factor for photophosphorylation (CF1) was covalently labeled with eosin isothiocyanate (ESCN). We found extra binding sites for the label when a protonmotive force existed across the thylakoid membrane during incubation with ESCN. Two out of three such extra sites are located on the y subunit of CF1. As judged from the (oxygen-dependent) triplet lifetime of bound ESCN, these extra sites are more deeply buried within CF1 than those sites which are already accessible to ESCN in the absence of a protonmotive force. Labeling of the extra sites by only one ESCN per CF1 greatly reduced the activities of the enzyme (more strongly ATP synthesis and Mgz+-dependent hydrolysis of the membrane-bound CFl than the Caz+-dependent hydrolysis). On the other hand, a load of up to five ESCN's when bound in the absence of a protonmotive force had hardly Synthesis of ATP in green plants is mediated by the coupling factor (CFl).' This enzyme is composed from five types of subunits, and it is bound to the thylakoid membrane via its counterpart (CFO), which acts as a proton well [for recent reviews, see Nelson (1976), Kagawa et al. (1979), and Shavit (1980)l. It seems generally accepted that these two together act as a proton-translocating ATP synthase as proposed by Mitchell (1966). In comparison with the ATP synthase complexes of bacteria and of mitochondria, the one of green plants is distinguished by its apparent irreversibility in the From the Schwerpunkt Biophysik, Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie, Universitat Osnabrlick, D-4500 Osnabriick, West Germany. Received June 17,1981. Financially supported by Niedersachsisches Ministerium fiir Wissenschaft and Knnst (VW-Vorab) and by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. 0006-2960 /82 /04211890SO 1.25 /O any effect. We isolated and purified active CF1 which was labeled in the absence of a protonmotive force. We studied the rotational diffusion of the isolated enzyme by a photoselection technique aiming at the triplet state of bound eosin. A biphasic decay of the photoinduced linear dichroism of the absorption changes of eosin was observed. The more rapid component was only slightly dependent on the solvent viscosity and therefore attributed to librational motion of the label within the protein. The decay of the slower component was linearly related to the solvent viscosity and therefore attributed to protein rotational diffusion. The theoretical evaluation of the data led us to conclude that isolated CF1 is ellipsoidal rather than spherical in shape, with an axial ratio which is greater than 2.1 if it is prolate and smaller than 1/2.6 if it is oblate. absence of a protonmotive force (Petrack & Lipman, 1961; Kaplan et al., 1967; Mills & Hind, 1979). It is activated under conditions which are also known to induce large conformational changes of CF1 when a protonmotive force is generated by illumination, by an acid-base jump, or by externally applied electric field pulses (Ryrie & Jagendorf, 1971; McCarty & Fagan, 1973; Graeber et al., 1977; Weiss & McCarty, 1977; Kraayenhof & Slater, 1975). The same conditions promote the release (or the exchange) of tightly bound nucleotides ' Abbreviations: CFI , coupling factor for photophosphorylation; ESCN, eosin isothiocyanare; 5-IAF, 5-(iodoacetamido)fluorescein; DTT, dithiothreitol; NBD-CI, 7-chloro-4-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole; Tricine, N-[tris(hydroxymethyI)methyl]glycine; NaDodSO,, sodium dodecyl sulfate; EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; fwhm. full width at half-maximum.


against outside timber contractors or agribusiness corporations. But Power's failure to unpack the concept (and practices) of neoliberalism, and his sometimes romantic conception of the state in poorer countries, leads him to attacks on 'free trade' that are a priori in form and that evacuate the real ground of politics that falls between all and nothing. This is evident, for example, when he declares that 'Trade liberalization has many negative impacts on the agricultural policies of southern countries however, shifting the priorities of the government from their own citizens to the needs of a volatile international market' (p. 156). Does he really believe that the policies and priorities of most governments in subSaharan Africa have been supportive of farmers or rural citizens, or that many producers of cotton there or in Asia would not benefit from the removal of subsidies to farmers in the USA (that is, from a type of trade liberalization?). I doubt it, but that is where a heavy-handed attack on neoliberalism surely leads. And this is my big worry about Rethinking development geographies. The book deserves a wide readership, it is always stimulating and it is often persuasive; for my taste, however, it serves rather more to prise human geography away from development studies than vice versa, and this is a pity when more geographers than ever are contributing to the concrete and complicated debates that stretch across the two disciplines, and indeed across the social sciences as a whole. Stuart Corbridge University of Miami and London School of Economics


Spatial distributions of structured populations are usually estimated by fitting abundance surfaces for each stage and at each point of time separately, ignoring correlations that emerge from growth of individuals. Here, we present a statistical model that combines spatio-temporal correlations with simple stock dynamics to estimate simultaneously how size distributions and spatial distributions develop in time. We demonstrate the method for a cod (Gadus morhua) population sampled by trawl surveys. Particular attention is paid to correlation between size classes within each trawl haul due to clustering of individuals with similar size. The model estimates growth, mortality, and reproduction, after which any aspect of size structure, spatio-temporal population dynamics, as well as the sampling process can be probed. This is illustrated by two applications: (i) tracking the spatial movements of a single cohort through time and (ii) predicting the risk of bycatch of undersized individuals. The method demonstr...


Abstract Three field experiments were conducted to compare the ability of two micrometeorological methods to estimate NH3 loss from surface‐applied lagoon swine effluent. Both methods employed the use of glass tube NH3 samplers. The perimeter mast method places glass tube NH3 samplers on four masts on the perimeter of a circular plot. The center mast method places glass tube NH3 samplers on one rotating mast fitted with a wind vane placed in the center of the plot. Each experiment consisted of two plots with radii of 7.62 m; one plot served as the treatment plot and received an application of 4,680 L of lagoon swine effluent, the other plot received no lagoon swine effluent and served to measure ambient atmospheric NH3 levels. A strong linear 1:1 relationship (r2=0.97) existed between the vertical NH3 flux measured from the treatment plot by the two methods, demonstrating similarities in flux measurements by the two methods.


Vehicle interior is a specific environment of relatively small volume, with variety of materials placed inside, including hard and soft plastics, adhesives, paints, lubricants and many others. As a result, particularly in case of newly produced vehicles, large amounts and numbers of volatile species, especially volatile organic compounds (VOCs), may be emitted and have influence vehicle interior air quality (VIAQ). Despite the fact that many of these compounds may not be harmful for human health, some of them may be toxic, and this is the reason for increasing concern of vehicle manufacturers and users recently. The level of contamination varies from one vehicle to another and may be influenced by atmospheric conditions, external pollution, user habits, quality of materials used and others. The main aim of this paper was to present current knowledge status on VIAQ, with indication of main air pollutants and their concentrations. Vehicle interior air quality is discussed on the basis of studies on new and used cars in different conditions and locations. Main sources of VOCs presence inside car cabin are discussed in this paper with additional information regarding materials emissions. Differences in sampling and analytical methodologies were not debated, however, since the results differs largely in the scope of both number and amount of VOCs, a need of testing methods harmonization is indicated. Presented data may be helpful for legislative requirements introduction.


This study reports the findings of a qualitative study of competitive West Coast Swing dancers that incorporated both ethnographic and phenomenological techniques. A modern variation of the original Lindy Hop, West Coast Swing is typically learned in dance studios and non‐profit clubs. The West Coast Swing community can be considered a community of practice in which nonformal and incidental learning occurs for participants; this study explores the nature of the learning that occurs within this community. The nonformal nature of learning the dance itself creates the community of practice; in turn, dancers encounter incidental learning, especially regarding interpersonal communication, as they learn the dance.


Model driven process planning is a methodology that emphasizes the application of models to create, represent and use information of products, processes and resources. Industry today stores informa ...


As high‐performance computing (HPC) machines become increasingly complex, middleware‐based programming paradigms have been particularly successful in reducing code development time and increasing simulation efficiency. The parallel particle‐mesh (PPM) library is a state‐of‐the‐art HPC middleware for parallel particle‐mesh simulations. It is based on a concise set of six data and operation abstractions. The present paper describes the architecture of the new PPM library core. This new core architecture enables several simplifications in the library's user interface and supports for the first time the implementation of multi‐resolution simulations using PPM. We further demonstrate the competitive performance of the new core architecture compared to the previous version of the PPM library.


Stagonospora nodorum is a severe necrotrophic fungal pathogen of wheat. It affects spikes and leaves of wheat causing dramatic yield losses in most cereal-growing areas of the world. Durable resistance to Stagonospora nodorum glume blotch (SNG) is quantitative. A major QTL that explained 43% of phenotypic variation was identified on 3BS. A physical map of 3B chromosome of wheat was developed in a frame of European Triticeae Genome project, thus , fine mapping is expected to benefit from it. 3B is suppose to be sequenced in the near future, this will allow development of new markers as well as identification of candidate genes.


Physics Department, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa(Dated: September 14, 2012)Kondo insulators and in particular their non-cubic representatives have remained poorly under-stood. Here we report on the development of an anisotropic energypseudogap in the tetragonalcompound CeRu


Infanticide is an acting badness that is murder of baby done by his own mother, where the baby have been can live is self-supporting outside mother womb done at the time or not old after the baby is born. a deed which shouldn't be done by a mother having nurturance to take care of and takes care of baby which has been borne it. But present there are many murder cases and dismissal of baby that is finally causes the baby dies where the thing done by mother from the baby. From the thing, hence this research aim to know what actually become factors surrounding the happening of acting infanticide and how also personality character from a mother as perpetrator infanticide. This research done in The Institute of Public Class II-A women Malang on 24 Septembers-05
Novembers 2007 by using descriptive qualitative approach method. Subject in this research amounts to 2 people. As for data collecting technique in this research is with interview and psychology test, that is test Gravis and test TAT. Date which has collected, analyzed exhaustively by using qualitative descriptive data analysis. This research tested authenticity of its(the data by using triangulation technique of method. Result of research indicates that factors surrounding the happening of acting infanticide is because pregnancy that is is not is planned, un-readiness of to pregnancy, existence of shyness to its(the pregnancy, fear if its(the pregnancy is known [by] others, girlfriend which do not want to hold responsible, existence of stressor-stressor experienced by during the pregnancy, situation of area that is is not supports. Besides knowable of personality character from mother as perpetrator infanticide is introvert, inferior, infantile, sensitive, impulsif, pessimistic, and identity diffusion.


Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on learning and memory, and discuss the therapeutic mechanism.Methods 45 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group(n=15), model group(n=15) and electroacupuncture group(n=15). The latter 2 groups were modeled with middle cerebral artery occlusion for 1.5 h and reperfusion. The rats of electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at Shenting(DU24) and Baihui(DU20) for 7 days. Learning and memory ability was tested with Morris water maze. Neurologic impairment was assessed with Longa's score. Their hippocampus were observed under HE staining and the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) and p75 neurotrophin receptor(p75NTR) protein were determined with Western blotting. Results Compared with the model group, the latency of water maze decreased and the times crossing the platform increased in electroacupuncture group(P0.05), while the Longa's score significantly reduced(P0.05), and the lesion of nerve cells were alleviated, with the decrease of p75 NTR and increase of BDNF in the ischemic hippocampus(P0.01). Conclusion Electroacupuncture can improve the learning and memory of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats, which may relate with up-regulating BDNF and down-regulating p75 NTR in hippocampus.