This article highlights some of the religious aspects of the lives of dwellers of the third millennium BC in the southern Levant. Remarkable clay figurative pieces from this period have been found at Khirbet ez-Zeraqon, an Early Bronze Age site in northern Jordan. Two main factors play an important role in interpreting the function of these pieces: the first is the subjects that they represent; the second is the places where they were found. The clay figurative pieces from Khirbet ez-Zeraqon refer to cultic function either directly, as in the case of a sacrifice scene, or indirectly, as in the case of pottery vessels with snake applications. Furthermore, the find places of the objects clearly reflect a direct connection between the clay figurines and cult. More than 50 per cent of the clay figurines uncovered in the upper city were discovered at the temple, while in the lower city more than 60 per cent of the finds were concentrated in one building (B1.3), which has special features in comparison with other domestic buildings nearby. These circumstances might indicate that ritual practices were not restricted to the temple area in the upper city, but that some people practised their worship in the lower city.* 94395_Anes_48_02_Ajlouny.indd 88 30/06/11 12:52 EARLY BRONZE CLAY FIGURATIVE PIECES FROM KHIRBET EZ-ZERAQON 89 1 Legrain 1930; Van Buren 1930; Dales 1960; Tuchelt 1962; Barrelet 1968; Ucko 1968; Klengel-Brandet 1978; Badre 1980; Isik 1986; Liebowitz 1988; Wrede 1990; Bretschneider 1991; Cholidis 1989; 1992; Pruss and Link 1994; Obladen-Kauder 1996; McAdam 1997; Beck 1993; 2002a; 2002b. 2 This study was to a great extent based on the results of Fardous al Ajlouny's doctoral thesis, which was accomplished in 2000. The figurative pieces that were published afterwards were very few; for instance, a piece recovered in Khirbet al Batrawy (Nigro 2006); another example is a metallic zoomorphic figurine from Qiryat 'Ata on Ha-Shophtim Street in Palestine (Fantalkin 2000, figs 17:1, 18:1). Due to the small number of miniature pieces published since the thesis, the statistical analysis for the spatial distribution has not changed tremendously. Introduction Clay figurines or other miniature pieces made of clay constitute important evidence for understanding the rituals and beliefs of people in ancient times and provide an invaluable testimony to everyday life and ancient religion. In fact, a number of comprehensive and systematic studies have been conducted on this subject as it relates to many parts of the Near East.1 The southern Levant, however, lacks such studies of miniature pieces and their function. One of the best known sites in the area in terms of miniature pieces is Khirbet ez-Zeraqon. The assemblage of the figurative pieces from Khirbet ez-Zeraqon, as compared with other Early Bronze Age sites, is one of the largest in the southern Levant. It composes 29 per cent of the total repertoire in the area and 67 per cent of the assemblage in all of Jordan (Figs 1 and 2).2 The main aim of this study is to shed light on some new aspects of the religious life of the Early Bronze Age dwellers of the southern Levant, as reflected in the remarkable clay figurative pieces found in Khirbet ezZeraqon in North Jordan.


Tools for machining and dies for forging, forming and die casting require several subsequent operations of advanced vacuum heat treatment and surface engineering, namely, quenching, tempering, nitriding and PVD coating. The ability to carry out some of these operations in the same device would make the manufacturing much easier and cheaper. There have been several reports about attempts at coupling the ion nitriding and PVD plating in the same vacuum chamber [1÷4]. Modern multipurpose vacuum furnaces are able to integrate austenizing, high pressure gas quenching, single or multiple tempering and also low pressure nitriding [5÷8]. However, a reliable low pressure nitriding requires the development of models and technology for a variety of alloying tool steels due to high microstructure demands from nitrided cases on tools. The "boost-diffusion" process has been proposed to control and monitor low pressure nitriding of tools in multipurpose vacuum furnaces. The basic assumptions for this model are: 1. all "boost" stages are carried out at the constant total pressure of 26 hPa, at the ammonia supplying flow that is proportional to the total area of nitrided charge. The level of pressure is in conformity with the industrial safety requirement. This assumption should guarantee the constant and repeatable nitrogen content in optional ε phase on treated steel grades during the "boost" stages rich in nitrogen; 2. all "diffusion" stages are carried out in vacuum to separate the nitrogen reserve in nitrides from any external interactions. It enables the reliable modelling of nitrogen diffusive transfer based only on disproportionation and decomposition of nitrides' zone. An exemplary schedule of "boost-diffusion" low pressure nitriding is shown in the Figure 1. The model of low-pressure nitriding was based totally on the neural network method; moreover:  evaluation of the steel types and the specific nature of the nitriding process was made by applying neural networks to model the classification problems,  diffusion kinetics in multiphase systems and the relationships of phase formation: diffusion, γ' and ε phases, were reproduced with neural network for modelling regression problems. To optimize applied procedures and to find out dependences between process parameters and created layers properties it was necessary to carry out some experiments, and obtained data were utilized to teach neural networks and introduce corrections.


We measured Raman spectra of as-deposited and laser-annealed polycrystalline 3C-SiC layers. Compared to single crystal 3C-SiC the Raman lines are considerably broader and an additional signal at frequencies corresponding to a high density-of-states is found. We discuss the influence of stacking disorder on the Raman spectrum by comparing our results with computer simulated Raman intensity profiles of one-dimensionally disordered SiC structures. The broadening of the linewidth and the disorder-induced peak shift, as well as the density-of-states feature can be explained with stacking disorder. After laser annealing above 1900 K the Raman lines narrow irreversibly and the density-of-states feature disappears. We ascribe both observations to a reduction of stacking disorder.


The theoretically derived α values in the Xα method due to Gopinathan, Whitehead, and Bogdanovic are shown to give wave functions of Hartree-Fock accuracy. The orbitals obtained with the modified a values reported by Gazquez and Keller give slightly higher energies.


Although mainland immigrants in ancient Japan were expert in Chinese,they were not qualified for the native literature waka in Japan.However,waka was an indispensible tool in both politics and social activities in ancient Japan.In order to keep in touch with the clans in ancient Japan,mainland immigrants tried to find the suitable ways to write waka for themselves,thus gradually evolved a trend of using traditional waka in Japan.


Objective:To compare the bonding characteristics of titanium porcelain Duceratin bonded to Ti2448 alloys and commercially pure titanium(cp-Ti).Method:Ti2448 specimen and cp-Ti specimen were respectively treated by the sand-blasting method,which was applied usually to pure Titanium for PFM prosthesis in clinic.The relative properties of the treated Ti2448 and cp-Ti were tested including the roughness,the surface energy and the three-point-bending strength to Duceratin Kiss porcelain.The micro-structure and the composition of metal-porcelain interface were examined by SEM and EDS.Result:The roughness,the surface energy and the three-point-bending strength of Ti2448(0.621 μm,94.17 mJ/m2 and 31.51 MPa) were all higher than those of cp-Ti(0.588 μm,78.70 mJ/m2 and 23.89 MPa).Considering the above properties,there was difference statistically between Ti2448 and cp-Ti respectively(P 0.05).There was massive residual porcelain on the metal-porcelain departure surface of the specimen in Ti2448 group,but not in cp-Ti group.On the section of metal-porcelain specimen,the Sn was observed penetrating into the porcelain layer in Ti2448 group.Conclusion:The good surface wettability and porcelain bonding strength can be obtained on Ti2448 surface treated by the usual sand-blasting for pure Titanium,and the bonding strength can meet the clinical demand.


Databases provide bibliographic references to journal articles, books,and other materials. Many databases provide an abstract or the full text of identified referenced items.


ABSTRACT In the last 20 years, research and academic writing on "non-heterosexual" lives, identifications, and sexualities have developed considerably in India, in a context where lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) and queer politics have become more and more visible in the public sphere. When it comes to gender and sexuality, researchers are often activists, and scholarship is highly political. In particular, by documenting non-heterosexual lives, practices, and groups, social scientists participate in the construction of social categories that can be mobilized in the public sphere. Using both Pierre Bourdieu's and Stuart Hall's views on representation as a discursive process by which representatives shape the group they claim to represent, this article contends that social scientists are engaged in a "work of representation" when it comes to LGBT and queer individuals and groups. Yet, this process is not without tensions, as there is a deep contradiction between the making of an "object of study" that is spoken about, and the promotion of a political subject, who can speak for him- or herself. Drawing on a corpus of about 45 academic publications on LGBT and queer people and issues in the last 25 years, this article explores the contentious discursive formation of "LGBT" and "queer" as analytical and political categories.


Biliary duct injury can arise severe complications,but the proper management can improve patients'prognosis and living quality.So we reviewed the current relevant references and hope it can do some help for clinicians.

Key words:
biliary duct injury; precaution; disposal


The feasibility study seeks to meet the needs of the population of Canton Pichincha, Manabi province who see motorcycles as a viable alternative means of transport for their activities, 33% of the population uses bikes as their primary mode of transportation that indicates that a distributor of motorcycles is very important to contribute to the socio economic development of this manabita canton.
In this town there is a distributor of motorcycles that provide service or sell parts, at present there are several stores that provide direct loans to the population but the discomfort persisted in waiting time and the required documentation that is required a company that provides direct marketing and technical assistance, prepared the technical, legal, economic and financial studies show that the project is viable, as there is funding to launch this proyecto.se need an investment of $ 54,099.46, for the distribution of motorcycles and spare parts begin operations.
The obtained results of the NPV is $ 94,612.17, shows that it is wise to invest in a motorcycle dealership in Canton Pichincha, the internal rate of return on this project is 78%, exceeding that required by the current market (8.34%), this indicates that this feasibility study is profitable for their shareholders. This company has a huge impact on society as provide jobs and contribute to the socio economic development of the Canton Pichincha


In each part of daily routine, sound assumes a significant part. From discrete security features to basic reconnaissance, a sound is a vivacious component to create automated frameworks for these fields. Scarcely any frameworks are now on the lookout, yet their effectiveness is a concerned point for their execution, real-time conditions. The learning capacities of Deep learning designs can be utilized to create sound characterization frameworks increase the impact of sound classification. Our main aim in this paper is to implement deep learning networks for filtering the nose and arrangement of these sound created by the natural phenomenon's according to the spectrograms that are created accordingly. The spectrograms of these natural sounds are utilized for the preparation of the Convolutional neural network (CNN) and Tensor Deep Stacking Network (TDSN). The utilized datasets for analysis and creation of the networks are ESC-10 and ESC-50. These frameworks produced from these datasets were efficient in accomplishment of filtering the audio and recognizing the audio of the natural sound. The precision obtained from the developed system is 80% for CNN and 70% for TDSN. Form the implemented framework, it is presumed that proposed approach for sound filtering and recognition through the utility spectrogram of their subsequent sounds can be productively used to create efficient frameworks for audio classification and recognition based on neural networks.


The Bolsa Familia is the main program of conditional transfer of income from Brazil in the fight against hunger and misery. The purpose of this article was to identify under the look of the beneficiaries the changes that the bolsa familia program brought into their living condition. The exploratory study of qualitative guidance was attended by 16 beneficiaries of the programme, which were interviewed. All the beneficiaries were women, mostly married or in stable union, low schooling, no employment relationship, most responsible for the family unit. The Bolsa Familia program was considered as "aid" and not entitlement made possible by public policy. They considered the benefit a "supplement to the income for food". The programme did not facilitate access to the labour market and the promotion of citizenship, highlighting the need for articulated public policies and actions consistent with the profile of the beneficiaries and the local reality for the confrontation of the various vulnerabilities.


Market is the heart of customers. Winning the heart of customers is the precondition of winning the market. According to the theories and practice from both domestic and abroad, the key of the need of customers is not only products and services, but also experience. Therefore, the future development of retail industry in China should transform to the management idea of providing total customer experience.


The invention relates to a joining method of a thermoplastic composite material member and of a homogeneous rigid material element, said thermoplastic composite member comprising a thermoplastic polymer and reinforcing fibers embedded within said thermoplastic polymer, said assembling method being of the type comprising the following steps: a) treating the surface of said elements; b) are applied one against the other treated surfaces of said elements; and, c) press said members towards each other to fasten said elements to one another by their surface. In step a) of generating crevices in the surface of said homogeneous rigid material element; and softening said thermoplastic polymer is further causes, so as to be able to penetrate said softened thermoplastic polymer and reinforcing fibers within said crevices when pressing said elements in step c).


Introduction: Newborns often experience asphyxia; thus they need ventilation support. Neonatal resuscitation has an essential role to reduce the risk of disability.

Discussions: Positive pressure ventilation (PPV) consists of invasive and non-invasive PPV. The tools needed are self-inflating bag, positive end-expiratory pressure, flow-inflating bag, continuous positive airway pressure, T-piece resuscitator, laryngeal mask, and face mask. Indications for PPV are if the baby is not breathing spontaneously/effectively or the baby's heart rate is less than 100 beats per minute. The ventilation speed is 40 to 60 times inflation per minute with an inspiration time of about 0.3 to 0.5 seconds and some studies recommend less than 1 second because it could cause hyperventilation and end up in a condition of lowering blood pressure to the arteries of the brain. The success of PPV if there is dynamic chest movement, heart rate above 100 beats per minute, and oxygenation improvement. Complications that can be caused are lung damage, hemodynamic disorders, pneumonia, and neurochemical changes, and facial injuries.

Conclusion: Newborns often experience asphyxia, thus they need ventilation support to save newborns . Positive pressure ventilation is an important part of neonatal resuscitation in infants who are not breathing spontaneously or effectively.


There has been a plethora of studies investigating the effect of semantic relatedness on second language (L2) word learning.However, most prior studies failed to control for the lexical properties of target words, which may be responsible for the mixed results yielded. This study, therefore, sets out to revisit this issue by controlling for L1 familiarity, one of the lexical factors confirmed to impact L2 learnability. Another goal of this study is to explore the extent to which semantic relatedness interacts with L1 familiarity, thus helping us determine the suitable condition under which word learning takes place. Towards these two aims, four sets of English target words matched in length were created (i.e., words of high/low L1 familiarity placed in semantic related/unrelated sets). For each set, after the timed learning session, an immediate posttest and an unannounced one-week delayed posttest, both of which measured the receptive knowledge of the target words, were administered to forty-one English as foreign language (EFL) learners. The results showed that (a) semantic relatedness negatively affected L2 word learning on the delayed posttest only, regardless of L1 familiarity status, suggesting a robust hindrance effect; (b) L1 familiarity persistently served as a facilitative force, as it aided the acquisition of both semantically related and unrelated word sets on both posttests; (c) similar L1 familiarity levels might result in additional interference. Our findings highlight the complex interplay between these two input-related variables.


The vegetable production is based on the farmer's initiation into which the processes combine with the climate resilient techniques and marketing strategy. The study is also an introduction of an integrated process of climate resilient practices that can help in coping with climate change related problems. The main objective of the study is to analyze the value chain of climate resilient vegetable farming practices. The study was carried out in Udayapur district of Nepal. The data used for the study were from Himalica pilot project initiated by ICIMOD. Primary data were collected from 300 vegetable farmer's households using a semi-structured questionnaire and checklist for interviews with farmers groups. The value chain study shows that profit of farmers depends on the market type and farmer's revenue increases when they sell their produce through farmer's co-operatives. The farmers need material support, technology as well as farmers group organization in order to increase the profit and to mitigate the risk from climate change and climate variability. The study found that value chain of vegetable farming has benefits in terms of social, economic and environmental aspects.


This pilot study tested a food frequency, a nutrition behavior, and a physical activity (PA) questionnaires among Hispanic adolescents (9 males, 12 females) ages12–18 years. The Block Kid′ s Questionnaire, the Fat and Fiber Behavior Questionnaire (FFBQ), and the Modifiable Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents were used to measure nutrient intakes, fat behavior, and PA, respectively. Self reported weight and height were used to calculate body mass index (BMI). A larger percentage of females (27.3 %) were at risk for overweight than the males (11.1 %). None of the females were overweight, but 11.1 % of the males were. Mean caloric intake was 1450 (± 845) for females and 2042 (± 635) for males. Percentage of kilocalories from fat was 29 (± 4) for females and 30 (± 5) for males. There were no significant differences in mean calorie, protein, fat, carbohydrate, cholesterol, fiber, and sugar intakes between females and males. Both genders were having fewer servings of grains, vegetables, fruits, and dairy than the recommended intakes by the dietary guidelines. The mean FFBQ score was 2.47 (± 0.61) (1=best behavior, 4=worst behavior). Females tended to replace more fat than males (p<0.05). Factors 1 (fat substitution), 2 (modify meat), 5 (avoid fat), and the FFBQ score were positively correlated with intakes of calories, fat, saturated fat, protein and carbohydrate (p<0.05). The mean PA hours/week was 1.97 (± 2.16) for females and 4.67 (± 5.01) for males. Despite the small number of subjects, this pilot study indicated that Hispanic adolescents are not meeting recommendations for fruits, vegetables, and dairy intakes and physical activity.


Four underwater vocalizations of leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) and one from the crabeater seal (Lobodon carcinophagus), representing most of their vocal repertoires, are described quantitatively and illustrated with sound spectrographs. Most of the underwater vocalizations given by these seals can now be identified, which will facilitate future investigation of possible geographic variation. Coupled with further studies of diurnal and seasonal variations in seal vocalizations, underwater recording may be used to study sub-ice distribution and possibly relative abundance.


Previous studies in rats and monkeys have shown that b2selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists reduce L-Dopa–induced dyskinesias (LIDs). Because rodent studies also suggested an involvement of a7 nAChRs in LIDs, the authors tested the effect of the potent, selective a7 agonist, ABT-107 [5-(6[(3R)-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yloxy] pyridazin-3-yl)-1H-indole]. MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine)-lesioned monkeys were gavaged with L-Dopa/carbidopa twice daily, which resulted in stable LIDs. Oral administration of ABT107 then decreased LIDs by 40–60%. The LIDs returned to control levels only after a 6-week ABT-107 washout, suggesting long-term molecular changes were involved. There was no effect of ABT-107 on Parkinsonism or cognitive performance. The authors next tested ABT-107 together with the b2 agonist, ABT-894 [(3-(5,6-dichloro-pyridin-3-yl)-1(S),5(S)-3,6-diazabicyclo [3.2.0]heptane], previously shown to reduce LIDs inParkinsonian monkeys. The effect of combined treatment on LIDs was similar to that with either drug alone. Thus, a7 and b2 nAChR–selective drugs may function via a final common mechanism to reduce LIDs.


With application of improved BP neural network and multi-variable linear regression,operation functions are established respectively and verified by case study of rate prediction.Through comparison and analysis,the verification error of BP neural network model which overcame the localization of multi-variable linear regression model is 0.016 2,and it is shown that the neural network has a better nonlinear reflection ability,and can describe the complex relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable with better precision,and has well feasibility.


Our patient is the first-born child of healthy nonconsanguineous parents with three previous pregnancies, one ectopic pregnancy and two miscarriages at 8 weeks of gestation. Paternal age at birth was 38 years and maternal age 27 years. A 'twisted' spine was observed at the 20-week scan, but subsequent scans revealed no spinal abnormality. Pregnancy was otherwise uncomplicated and there was no intrauterine growth restriction. She was born at 41 weeks by an emergency Caesarean section, after failed ventouse and forceps deliveries, with a birth weight of 3.08 kg (9th centile). She remained in the postnatal ward for 1 week because of neonatal jaundice. Left facial nerve palsy was present at birth. This caused limited tongue movement and feeding difficulties during infancy. Cleft palate was excluded.


Several types of fluoroolefin containing fluorosulfonyl group have been prepared by different methods. Elimination of IF from ω-iodooxaperfluoro-alkanesulfonyl fluoride(1)via Grignard reagent gave the corresponding olefins(2b, 2c).1 reacted with ethylene to yield ICH_2CH_2(CF_2CF_2)_(n+1)OCF_2CF_2SO_2F which was dehydroiodinated with triethylamine to give CH_2=CH (CF_2CF_2)(n+1)OCF_2CF_2SO_2F(4). CFCl_2CFCIOCF_2CF_2SO_2F(5) was readily dechlorinated to give the olefin 6, but fluorination of 5 with Swarts reagents gave only CFCl_2CF_2OCF_2CF_2SO_2F(7), instead of the desired product CF_2ClCFClOCF_2CF_2SO_2F. Reaction of β-ohloroethyl tosylate with the perfluoroalkoxide anion,-~OCF_2CF_2SO_2F, yielded 5-chloro-4, 4, 5, 5-tetrahydro-3-oxatetrafluoropentanesulfonyl fluoride(12), which was also synthesized from the reaction of tetrafluoroethanesultone, ethylene and potassium fluoride in the presence of chlorine in diglyme. Compound 12 is exhaustively and photochemically chlorinated and then dechlorinated to give the corresponding trichlorovinyl derivative 14. Coupling of CFClICF_2 OCF_2CF_2SO_2F(15) with Zn in (CH_3CO)_2O/CH_2Cl_2 or CH_3CO_2C_2H_5/CH_2Cl_2 gave (—CFClCF_2OCF_2CF_2SO_2F)_2 (16), which was dechlorinated with Zn in methanol to produce the olefin (=CFCF_2OCF_2CF_2SO_2F)_2(17). (=CClCF_2OCF_2CF_SO_F)_2(19) was prepared from dechlorination of CCl_3CF_2OCF_2-CF_2SO_2F(18) with copper at 200℃.


Transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation are currently the most widely used modalities in the minimally invasive treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. This article briefly summarizes the minimally invasive therapeutic options in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma focusing on transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation and describes normal post-treatment imaging appearances. Imaging features of post-treatment local tumor recurrence as well as procedure-related complications following these interventions have also been described.


The aim of this study was to describe the experience of five workshops about curriculum preparation and behavior in interviews done with college students from a public university. The article describes the proposed activities and participants' involvement in the discussion about the issue. Workshops aimed to offer information about how selection processeswork and to explain the function of curriculum and interviews during this process. The participants were 49 undergraduate and graduate students from different courses. They had questions about whichinformation they should write on their curriculum and showed feelings of insecurity about taking part in admission interviews because of their previous bad experiences. The workshops were an opportunity for students to understand the purpose of a selection process and share their questions and experiences about this subject. This report may be useful to professionals that intend to do similar activities and can help students who seek this kind of information but do not find them.


of energy transient periods of oxygen deprivation, capabilities of normal the isolated heart and isolated atria the Isolated hearts were perfused by the Langendorff technique with Locke solution at 50 cm of The constitution (g/100 ml.) of the Locke solution NaCl 0.9, KCl 0.042, CaCl2 0.024,


[Objective] To study the healing function of the chitosan-gelatin sponge wound surgical dressing through the experiment of animal wound model. [Methods] The medicine was used to the wound model on the back of New Zealand big white rabbit. The blank group, medicine used group were compared with the chitosan-gelatin sponge group separately. The nake eye observation was taken at the 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 d, the skin of 14 d′s and no wound were observed by SEM. [Results] The experimental results indicated that: the chitosan-gelatin sponge wound surgical dressing had obvious wound contraction. The wound heals obviously quick than the blank group. The scar of the skin healed protrudes the skin surface was not obvious, which surpasses the medicine group. [Conclusion] The chitosan-gelatin sponge wound surgical dressing is an excellent wound surgical dressing.


PURPOSE:To make it possible to form a titanium silicide film on a high-impurity concentration silicon film by a method wherein the surface of a substrate is brought into an amorphous state after diffused layer regions and a gate electrode are formed, a heat-treating process subsequent to deposition of a high-melting point metal film on the substrate surface is divided into two stages, each having a specified condition, and an unreacted high-melting point metal nitride is removed. CONSTITUTION:Element isolation regions 201, a gate oxide film 301, a gate electrode 401 and sidewalls 501 are formed on one main surface of a semiconductor substrate and diffused layers 601 are formed in the one main surface. After this, the surfaces of the electrode 401 and the layers 601 are brought into an amorphous state by an ion-implantation method. Then, a titanium film is made to deposit and a first heat treatment consisting of two stages is performed. The first stage condition of the conditions of the two stages is 600 to 700 deg.C in temperature and the second stage condition is 700 to 900 deg.C. Then, the titanium nitride film is removed, a second heat treatment is performed and a titanium silicide film is formed on the layers 601 and the electrode 401 in a self-alignment manner. Such the titanium silicide film is very good in quality from the viewpoint of the manufacture of a device.


Abstract Twenty-five percent of the milk SNF in mixes of ice cream, ice milk, milk shake, and low calorie frozen dessert were substituted with sweet whey solids. The mixes were treated with a β -galactosidase enzyme prior to pasteurization. Demineralized and undemineralized whey powders had the same effect on enzyme activity and flavor quality of the product. Increased sweetness due to hydrolysis products of lactose allowed for reduction in sucrose and corn syrup solids in the formulas while maintaining sweetness equivalent to standard formulas. Freezing points were determined by cryoscopy and were correlated to the degree of hydrolysis. Experimental samples with and without enzyme treatment were comparable in meltdown, storage stability, and overrun of standard samples. Sensory qualities were likewise similar to the standard formulas.


Oscillations are observed in mutual pumped phase conjugate emission when two coherent laser beams are incident on the positive C face of a BaTiO3 crystal in a symmetric configuration. The angle between the laser beams is varied from 30 degrees to 120 degrees. Self-pumped emission and oscillation are also studied with one of the laser beams making angels between 15 degrees and 36 degrees with the crystal. Growth and decay of the mutual pumped phase conjugate signals when either of the laser beams is cut off are also studied. A plausible explanation of the observed features is given in terms of formation and competition between different types of gratings formed in the crystal by the laser beams.


The present invention provides an alcohol treatment - inhibitor complex method of viable probiotic kvass manufacturing method belonging kvass Technical Field. Kvass production process of the present invention comprises: plant extracts, bread kvass production, extraction of dry bread, feeding the intermediate two-stage fermentation, the cells were collected by centrifugation, washed with ethanol processing, blending and bottling process. The present invention uses the first high fermentation temperature lower two-stage fermentation process in the fermentation. Cells were collected by centrifugation, alcohol treated microbial cells dormant, and additional composite plant extracts to ensure product flavor and biological stability. The maximum degree of retention of kvass in the aroma and flavor components of the material, especially in the present invention, the production of kvass products without adding any preservatives, you can achieve a shelf life of 20 months. The method of the present invention is made kvass products, bread rich flavor, smooth texture and pleasant, long shelf life, is kvass replacement products.


The current world energy policy envisages the expansion of alternative electricity production. Bio-gas plants are one of the energy sources which fulfil this assumption with the digestate by-product which is often applied as a fertilizer for farmland. Impact of this fertilizing method is not well known. This paper evaluates the changes of selected soil properties of corn crop production depending on applied fertilizer (manure, mineral fertilizer and digestate) of the growing season 2014 and 2015. The results show the influence of selected fertilizers on the physical condition of the soil.


This publication provides the most up-to-date information on adapted cool-season forage varieties. Written by M. Wallau, A. R. Blount, E. Rios, J. M. B. Vendramini, J. C. B. Dubeux, M. A. Babar, K. E. Kenworthy, and K. H. Quesenberry, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised August 2023.


This article empirically examines the relationship between the funding of defined benefit pension plans and corporate debt ratings. The evidence indicates that unfunded pension liabilities reduce debt ratings more than an equivalent amount of excess pension assets increase debt ratings. This asymmetric relationship is consistent with the view that unfunded pension liabilities are corporate liabilities that compete with debt claims, but that there are costs associated with quickly accessing excess pension assets due to the mandated sharing of reverted excess assets.


The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of emotional and informational support intervention on role stress and depression of primary family caregivers caring stroke patients and to develop an effective nursing intervention method for them. This study selected the quasi-experiment, based on pre-test and post-test design of non-equivalent control group as a method of study. This study was conducted with 69 primary family caregivers caring stroke patients hospitalized in K and D hospitals in Daegu from August 20 to October 25, 2000. Out of them, 34 were placed in the experimental group, and 35 in the control group. The emotional and informational intervention program was divided into two aspects-emotional support and informational support- and executed three times, using prepared instruments and a guidebook. The intervention program consisted of the 1st intervention for one or one-half hour, the 2nd intervention for 30 minutes in two or three days after the 1st intervention. and the 3rd intervention for 30minutes in another two or three days after the 2nd intervention. Pre-test was carried out just before the 1st intervention, and the post-test was carried out right after the 3rd intervention, in order to collect data. The measuring instrument of role stress used was one that was modified to the role stress instrument of Yang Young-hee(1992) and the stress instrument of Choi Eun-sook (1992). The reliability was Cronbach's . The measuring instrument of depression used was one that was developed by Beck(1967) and standardized by Han Heung-moo et al(1986). The reliability was Cronbach's . Data were analyzed with percentage, mean, standard deviation, , t-test and Paired t-test by using SPSS 9.0 program. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. Role stress score of the experimental group was revealed to be significantly lower than that of the control group 2. Depression score of the experimental group was revealed to be significantly lower than that of the control group Accordingly, the emotional and informational support intervention can be a way to reduce role stress and depression of primary family caregivers caring stroke patients.


New generation nuclear reactors are designed using advanced safety analysis methods. A thorough understanding of different interacting physical phenomena is necessary to avoid underestimation and overestimation of consequences of offnormal transients in the reactor safety analysis results. This feature requires a multiphysics reactor simulation model. In this context, a coupled dynamics model based on a multiphysics formulation is developed indigenously for the transient analysis of large pressurized VVER reactors. Major simplifications are employed in the model by making several assumptions based on the physics of individual phenomenon. Space and time grids are optimized to minimize the computational bulk. The capability of the model is demonstrated by solving a series of international (AER) benchmark problems for VVER reactors. The developed model was used to analyze a number of reactivity transients that are likely to occur in VVER reactors.


OBJECTIVES: Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability in children. Guidelines have been established to prevent secondary brain injury caused by hypotension or hypoxia. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence, monitoring, and treatment of hypotension and hypoxia during "early" (prehospital and emergency department) care and to evaluate their relationship to vital status and neurologic outcomes at hospital discharge. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 299 children with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury presenting to a level 1 pediatric trauma center. We recorded vital signs and medical provider response to hypotension and/or hypoxia during all portions of early care. RESULTS: Blood pressure (31%) and oxygenation (34%) were not recorded during some portion of "early care." Documented hypotension occurred in 118 children (39%). An attempt to treat documented hypotension was made in 48% (57 of 118 children). After adjusting for severity of illness, children who did not receive an attempt to treat hypotension had an increased odds of death of 3.4 and were 3.7 times more likely to suffer disability compared with treated hypotensive children. Documented hypoxia occurred in 131 children (44%). An attempt to treat hypoxia was made in 92% (121 of 131 children). Untreated hypoxia was not significantly associated with death or disability, except in the setting of hypotension. CONCLUSIONS: Hypotension and hypoxia are common events in pediatric traumatic brain injury. Approximately one third of children are not properly monitored in the early phases of their management. Attempts to treat hypotension and hypoxia significantly improved outcomes.


The civil aviation safety early warning mechanism is the key to prevent the accident, in order to realize the civil aviation safety early warning mechanism timely, accurate and effective, prevent and reduce the civil aviation safety accidents. Adopt the theory of compensation fuzzy neural network. The network was composing of four civil aviation safety relevant factors and a comprehensive evaluation factor. This kind of classification based on neural network modeling is helpful for analyzing the reason of affecting safety, it can give objective evaluation for these reasons, and this kind of hierarchical modeling is advantageous to the analysis of civil aviation accident signs for further screening. Through practical application, verify the practicability and validity of the model in civil aviation safety warning.


Expand the using scope of triple-I algorithm,triple-I algorithm on a kind of residuated lattice is given. The sufficient conditions for the triple-I algorithm P-reductor are given. And the triple-I algorithm based on universal implication is given under k = 0. 5 and same h.


A Gibbs-based approach to partitioning hyperspectral imagery into homogeneous regions is investigated for terrain mapping applications. The form of Bayesian estimation, Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) estimation, is applied through the use of a Gibbs distribution defined over a neighborhood system and is implemented as a multi-grid process. Appropriate energy functions and neighborhood graph structures are investigated, which model spectral disparities in an image using spectral angle and/or Euclidean distance. Experiments are conducted on a HYDICE scene collected over an area adjacent to Fort Hood, Texas, that contains a diverse range of terrain features and that is supported with ground truth. Suitable parameter ranges are investigated, and the behavior of the algorithm is characterized using individual and combined measures of disparity within the context of a more general framework, one that supports mixed-pixel processing.


This text aims to reexamine the role of ethos in persuasion through a comparative analysis of the viewpoints of the great classical rhetoricians Aristotle, Cicero, and Quintilian. By comparing these viewpoints, it seeks to demonstrate their similarities and differences. The study reveals that Aristotle emphasizes the moral aspect of character, Cicero focuses on the artistry of rhetorical techniques, and Quintilian places greater importance on adapting to the practical context of the audience. The perspectives of Aristotle, Cicero, and Quintilian provide us with profound insights that contribute to a reconsideration of the role of ethos in persuasion.


Prostacyclin is increasingly implicated in re‐endothelialization and angiogenesis but through largely unknown mechanisms. Herein the high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) scavenger receptor class B, type 1 (SR‐B1) adapter protein PDZ domain‐containing protein 1 (PDZK1) was identified as an interactant of the human prostacyclin receptor (hIP) involving a Class I PDZ ligand at its carboxyl terminus and PDZ domains 1, 3, and 4 of PDZK1. The interaction is constitutive, but may be dynamically regulated following cicaprost activation of the hIP through a mechanism involving cAMP‐dependent protein kinase (PK)A‐phosphorylation of PDZK1 at Ser505. Although PDZK1 did not increase overall levels of the hIP, it increased its functional expression at the cell surface, enhancing ligand binding and cAMP generation. Consistent with a role in re‐endothelialization and angiogenesis, cicaprost activation of the hIP increased endothelial cell migration and tube formation/in vitro angiogenesis, effects abrogated by the specific IP antagonist RO1138452. Furthermore, similar to HDL/SR‐B1, small interfering RNA (siRNA)‐targeted disruption of PDZK1 abolished cicaprost‐mediated endothelial responses but did not affect VEGF responses. The identification of PDZK1 as a functional interactant of the hIP sheds significant mechanistic insights into the protective roles of these key players within the vascular endothelium. Funded by SFI.


Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, c/o Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Turku-Åbo, Finland; Faculty of Material Science and Ceramics, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, PL-30059 Cracow, Poland; and Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, c/o Center for Process Analytical Chemistry and Sensor Technology (ProSens), Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Turku-Åbo, Finland


Ralph Sharp Brown crossed out the "Junior" that followed his name after his father died. In explanation of the hand-altered stationery, he said (if my recollection holds), "I'm the only one left now." Now, after Ralph's death, there may remain no Ralph Sharp Browns. But there are many law teachers who continue to wage the campaign that Ralph made his life work: to save an interdependent society from unnecessary and stagnating restraints on liberty. In the intellectual property area, Ralph sought to teach us that it can be both right and necessary to give individuals the liberty to "reap without sowing," and that we should fear the excessive protectionism that can result from an overblown and ungenerous sense of what's "due" to property claimants. Ralph himself was far too modest to claim that his goal was "saving society" and much too kind to deride his opponents' broad sense of property rights as immature or grasping. But consider the article reprinted herein, Advertising and the Public Interest. 2 In it, Ralph identified two competing premises for the law of unfair competition One premise was


Ha-Ras undergoes post-translational modifications (including attachment of famesyl and palmitate) that culminate in localization of the protein to the plasma membrane. Because palmitate is not attached without prior farnesyl addition, the distinct contributions of the two lipid modifications to membrane attachment or biological activity have been difficult to examine. To test if palmitate is able to support these crucial functions on its own, novel C-terminal mutants of Ha-Ras were constructed, retaining the natural sites for palmitoylation but replacing the C-terminal residue of the CAAX signal for prenylation with six lysines. Both the Ext61L and ExtWT proteins were modified in a dynamic fashion by palmitate, without being farnesylated; bound to membranes modestly (40% as well as native Ha-Ras); and retained appropriate GTP binding properties. Ext61L caused potent transformation of NIH3T3 cells and, unexpectedly, an exaggerated differentiation of PC12 cells. Ext61L with the six lysines but lacking palmitates was inactive. Thus famesyl is not needed as a ^Reprinted with premission of the Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1999, 274(3), 1423-1431.


Analyzing the influences of multi-demand classes in inventory strategy,the paper suggests another way to deal with the same problem based on traditional ordering model and make the inventory rationing formulation conform to different distribution.


In this study we examine the fiber orientation distribution, fiber length and Young's modulus of extruded short-fiber reinforced thermoplastics such as polypropylene. Axial orientation distributions are presented to illustrate the influence of extrusion ratio on the orientation state of the fibrous phase. Fibers are markedly aligned parallel to the extrusion direction with increasing extrusion ratio. The orientation state of extruded fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (FRTP) is almost uniform throughout the section. The control of fiber orientation can be easily achieved by means of ram extrusion. Experimental results are also presented for Young's modulus of extruded FRTP in the extrusion direction. Young's modulus follows a linear trend with increasing extrusion ratio because the degree of the molecular orientation and the fiber orientation increases. The model proposed by Cox, and Fukuda and Kawada describes the effect of fiber length and orientation on Young's modulus. The value of the orientation coefficient is calculated by assuming a rectangular orientation distribution and calculating the fiber distribution limit angle given by orientation parameters. By comparing the predicted Young's modulus with experimental results, the validity of the model is elucidated. The mean fiber length linearly decreases with increasing extrusion ratio because of fiber breakage due to plastic deformation. There is a small effect on Young's modulus due to fiber breakage by ram extrusion.


in M. Meloni, S. J. Williams and P. Martin (eds) Biosocial Matters: Rethinking SociologyBiology Relations in the Early Twenty-First Century. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 151–67. Soloway, R. A. (1990) Demography and Degeneration: Eugenics and the Declining Birthrate in Twentieth-Century Britain. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. UNESCO (1969) Four Statements on the Race Question. Paris: UNESCO. Vernon, J. (2010) 'The Local, the Imperial, and the Global: Repositioning Twentieth-Century Britain and the Brief Life of its Social Democracy', Twentieth-Century British History 21: 404–17.


Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide (approximately 13 % of all deaths), accounting for 7.6 million deaths in 2008. Up to 50 % of cancer patients suffer from cachexia, defined as a progressive loss of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle atrophy. This results in reduced quality of life and shortened survival time. Nowadays, gut microbiota is proposed as a crucial regulator of host immunity and metabolism and is involved in the occurrence and/or evolution of several metabolic and inflammatory diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases and allergies. These diseases have been associated in humans with intestinal dysbiosis. Intestinal dysbiosis is characterised by ''alterations in the composition and/or activity of the gut microbiota in comparison to healthy individuals, which are associated to pathological features". This PhD work was dedicated to the investigation of gut microbiota function in case of cancer and associated cachexia. The working hypothesis was that gut microbiota is altered in cancer cachexia and that gut microbiota modulation might influence cancer progression and associated disorders. Several mouse models of cachexia were compared. We chose the BaF3 model, a mouse model of cachexia which mimics an acute leukaemia. We showed that dysbiosis occurred in this model and, specifically, that the levels of gut lactobacilli were decreased. Actually, lactobacilli were also qualitatively modified: L. reuteri and L. johnsonii/gasseri were decreased, whereas L. murinus/animalis was not modified. The administration of a mixture of L. reuteri 100-23 and L. gasseri 311476 in the drinking water restored the levels of these lactobacilli and decreased systemic inflammation and muscle atrophy markers. Analysis of the gut microbiota composition in two other mouse models of cancer cachexia, B16 and C26 models, suggests that dysbiosis is not a hallmark of the BaF3 model. Prebiotics such as short-chain inulin-type fructans (ITF) have been shown to increase lactobacilli in vitro and in vivo in some conditions. ITF feeding in BaF3 mice neither restored gut lactobacilli nor decreased muscle atrophy markers. However, interestingly, prebiotics administration reduced the invasion of cancer cells in the liver. We postulated that a short-chain fatty acid produced by the bacterial fermentation of ITF – propionate – was responsible for the control of cancer cell proliferation in the liver tissue. The measurement of short-chain fatty acids in the portal serum revealed that propionate levels were increased upon prebiotics. Interestingly, serum levels of other short-chain fatty acids, such as acetate and butyrate, were not modified. This anti-proliferative action of propionate was established through several in vitro experiments. We investigated the potential implication of GPR43, a G-protein-coupled receptor which binds propionate and is regulated in response to gut microbiota modulation. Based on experimental evidence, we propose that the anti-proliferative action of propionate is partially cAMP-dependent, and that GPR43 is of therapeutic interest for the treatment of lymphomas. The last part of the thesis includes a study of the mechanisms underlying the modulation of GPR43 expression. Among others, we showed that GPR43 expression level is increased by a synthetic agonist of GPR43 through a STAT3-dependent mechanism, and that GPR43 transcript level is a marker, rather than a driver, of cell growth arrest. In conclusion, we show that gut microbiota composition is altered in cancer cachexia and that gut microbiota modulation, by prebiotic or probiotic approaches, can differentially impact on cancer progression and associated disorders, thereby highlighting the importance of research focusing on gut microbes-host interactions for managing systemic and severe diseases such as leukaemia.


The "xian" of oracle-bone inscription "xian gao zu liao jiu", Mr. Zhang Yujin thinks that is a verb. In this paper, by studying on the pragmatic of election inscriptions,and comparing with similar inscriptions, we think it should be an adverb.


Many a times the prescriptions given to patient by doctors consist of sensitive drugs which, whentaken in excessive quantities can be harmful to the patient. Drug abuse is a patterned use of adrug in which the user consumes the substantial amounts or with methods which are harmful tothemselves or to others.A system is required through which the quantity and the time of purchase of the drug can becontrolled as per the doctor's advice. This paper aims at developing a system which can achievethe drug abuse control. In Existing system, the patients are free to purchase any quantity of thedrug very easily sometimes even without the prescription from the doctor, which if taken inexcessive quantities can be harmful to the patients. There is no measure to stop the purchase ofexcessive quantity of drugs. In this paper we outline a RFID module used for designing a system in health care. An application of the architecture is described in the area of Digitized Prescription system using RFID module.


Single-clock specifications with purely synchronous communication have been successfully used in capturing the behavior of small and medium scale embedded systems. In large scale embedded systems, where processes often operate at vastly different speeds, using a single clock in an entire specification can be difficult. In this paper, we present Multiclock Charts (McCharts), a language where finite state machines driven by different clocks are composed. The communication between FSMs is specified by both synchronous and asynchronous mechanisms. The essential feature in the semantics of McCharts is that a complete specification can be mapped onto a single multiclock FSM (MCFSM).


Implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in the United States,the breakout of financial crisis and the release of Enterprise Risk Management—Integrated Framework made internal control,corporate governance and risk management become focus of the public and government regulators and research focus in both academe and practice.But to this day,academia has not yet reached a consensus,and even there are some vague and incorrect understandings about the relationship of the three.This paper starts with the root causes of the three,deeply analyzes the differences and connections between them,and a framework of relations is established based on view of strategic management,which not only clarifies the misunderstanding existed in the theoretical aspects,but also provides guidances for government and enterprises developing and implementing norms and measures relating to corporate governance,internal control and risk management and support for internal control evaluation research after implementation of basic norms of enterprise internal control and its supporting guidelines.


This paper considers recovery of matrices that are low rank or approximately low rank from linear measurements corrupted with additive noise. We study minimization of the difference of Nuclear and Frobenius norms (abbreviated as [Formula: see text] norm) as a nonconvex and Lipschitz continuous metric for solving this noisy low rank matrix recovery problem. We mainly study two types of bounded observation noisy low rank matrix recovery problems, including the [Formula: see text]-norm bounded noise and the Dantizg Selector noise. Based on the matrix restricted isometry property (abbreviated as M-RIP), we prove that this [Formula: see text] norm-based minimization method can stably recover a (approximately) low rank matrix in the two types bounded noisy low rank matrix recovery problems. In addition, we use the truncated difference of Nuclear and Frobenius norms (denoted as the truncated [Formula: see text] norm) to recover a low rank matrix when the observation noise is the Dantizg Selector noise. We give the stable recovery result for this truncated [Formula: see text] norm minimization in Dantizg Selector noise case when the linear measurement map satisfies the M-RIP condition.


A pre-column derivatization high performance liquid chromatogrphy method for the determination of amino acids in the children compound amino acid injection was established.The sample was derivatized with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene(DNFB).Kromasil C18 column(250×4.6 mm,5 μm) was used.The gradient elution was performed using mixed solution of acetonitrile and water(50∶50,V/V),and 0.04 mol/L KH2PO4(pH=6.8) as the mobile phases respectively at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.All the amino acids measured show good linear relationship within 0.008~0.2213 mg/mL and average recoveries between 97.85% and 102.86%.


In India and the South Asian part of the world use of tobacco is seen for a longtime. If we go back decades back tobacco is used as a gift to treat the guests and also it was encouraged to use in past times. Sooner when the malicious side effects of tobacco were noticed people tried to avoid the consumption of tobacco. The psychological mindset of the youth is quite impressionable, seeing the things that the adults do would easily encourage them to do the same. Thus, this article reviews various forms of tobacco used in our Indian society and how the government of India is taking action to curb the tobacco abuse.


Hybrid coordination function (HCF) is proposed in IEEE 802.11e standard to support quality of service (QoS). HCF defines two channel access mechanisms; one of them is HCF controlled channel access (HCCA) designed for contention free transmission. In HCCA, each QoS-enhanced station (QSTA) obtains polled transmission opportunity (TXOP) from the hybrid coordinator (HC), which is in charge of scheduling the channel access and responding the poll messages to each QSTA. However, forwarding polling messages causes a significant overhead and degrades the channel utilization of data transmission. The goal of this work is to develop an efficient multipolling scheme that can reduce the overhead of polling messages. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the control overhead and, thus, improve the channel utilization significantly.


Compressional and shear sonic traveltime logs (DTC and DTS, respectively) are crucial for subsurface characterization and seismic-well tie. However, these two logs are often missing or incomplete in many oil and gas wells. Therefore, many petrophysical and geophysical workflows include sonic log synthetization or pseudo-log generation based on multivariate regression or rock physics relations. Started on March 1, 2020, and concluded on May 7, 2020, the SPWLA PDDA SIG hosted a contest aiming to predict the DTC and DTS logs from seven "easy-to-acquire" conventional logs using machine-learning methods (GitHub, 2020). In the contest, a total number of 20,525 data points with half-foot resolution from three wells was collected to train regression models using machine-learning techniques. Each data point had seven features, consisting of the conventional "easy-to-acquire" logs: caliper, neutron porosity, gamma ray (GR), deep resistivity, medium resistivity, photoelectric factor, and bulk density, respectively, as well as two sonic logs (DTC and DTS) as the target. The separate data set of 11,089 samples from a fourth well was then used as the blind test data set. The prediction performance of the model was evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE) as the metric, shown in the equation below: RMSE=sqrt(1/2*1/m* [∑_(i=1)^m▒〖(〖DTC〗_pred^i-〖DTC〗_true^i)〗^2 + 〖(〖DTS〗_pred^i-〖DTS〗_true^i)〗^2 ] In the benchmark model, (Yu et al., 2020), we used a Random Forest regressor and conducted minimal preprocessing to the training data set; an RMSE score of 17.93 was achieved on the test data set. The top five models from the contest, on average, beat the performance of our benchmark model by 27% in the RMSE score. In the paper, we will review these five solutions, including preprocess techniques and different machine-learning models, including neural network, long short-term memory (LSTM), and ensemble trees. We found that data cleaning and clustering were critical for improving the performance in all models.


An image of the surface of a pyrolitic graphite sample obtained using scanning tunneling microscopy is analysed in detail: the excellent resolution in the scans not only permits direct visualization of the graphite hexagonal structure of the surface plane but also the separation of the two atoms of a C―C bond, a distance of only 1.42 A. Moreover, the measured corrugation amplitude is very large. We suggest that, contrary to what has been proposed by Tersoff [1], the corrugation and the resolution do depend on the tip-sample separation and tip effective radius Visualisation des cycles graphitiques du plan de surface et distinction des deux atomes d'une liaison C―C distants seulement de 1,42 A. Amplitude de corrugation et resolution semblent dependre effectivement de la distance pointe echantillon et du rayon effectif de la pointe


This case study presented information on a female athlete who did not match the trends observed (anthropometry and energy intake) in previous female athlete triad studies. The participant had amenorrhea and joined our research project at 19 years of age. This case study focused on the participant's personal history related to diet and practice since she started long-distance running until this study through interviews. It explored her approach to decision-making and her behavior regarding running during her high-school days. The response to oral medication treatment for menarche, which started in her first year of college, was also examined. This practical case study observed the participant in detail to obtain easily comprehensible real-life health-related data on female athletes and the significance of proper athletic conditioning education from a young age.


Acquisitions enable firms to access new knowledge from target firms, along with the scientists who created the knowledge, to enhance their own knowledge creation outcomes. We explore how the retention of target firm scientists and acquired knowledge characteristics affect new knowledge creation outcomes for the acquiring firms. Using a sample of 111,227 patents following 301 high†tech acquisitions in 1990–2000, we find that acquiring firms that avoid the exodus of target firm scientists increase their likelihood of creating highly impactful knowledge. Moreover, the characteristics of acquired knowledge and organizational context of the acquiring firms moderate this relationship. The positive effect of target firm scientist retention on the likelihood of creating highly impactful knowledge during the post†acquisition period is stronger when the acquired knowledge is complex, whereas such a relationship is weaker when the acquired knowledge stock is similar to that of the acquiring firm.


To mitigate spatial flip angle (FA) variations under strict specific absorption rate (SAR) constraints for ultra‐high field MRI using a combination of universal parallel transmit (pTx) pulses and fast subject‐specific optimization.


This paper addresses the paradox of a city, Beirut, wrought by contradictory accusations of self-inflicted destruction versus claims that the reconstruction is an inner city renaissance (with its development agency `Solidere as the post-war messiah!).


Data transfer across networks consumes maximum energy. The problem of improving wireless sensor network (WSN) with energy efficiency (EE) is a difficult problem. The WSN life span, which is limited by the sensing device's low battery power, can be lengthened by routing predicated on sleep awareness and wakefulness (SAA). The computation time, stability duration, as well as life of a traditional protocol must have been increased to improve EE. To address this, the article has proposed a modified M-EESAA routing protocol, which incorporates the energy scaling, absolute distance measurement, and range assessment for cluster head (CH) selection. Numerous simulations have been run to figure out the right range and energy factor for better energy balancing. The proposed method's performance is compared to three cutting-edge protocols. The parametric evaluation method is applied for identifying the optimum design parameters to improve the EE of protocol. The result is presented in terms of alive nodes stability periods, and number of packets sent to the base station. Overall, the proposed protocol version is capable of enhancing the energy use of WSN.


A separable approximation to a two-body interaction is constructed from Gamow states. It was found possible to reproduce on- and off-shell quantities of a solvable model with good accuracy and without the occurrence of spurious zero with resonances. No free parameters were introduced to achieve these results.


The propagation of a directly launched ion‐Bernstein wave is considered in the tokamak edge plasma region in the frequency range Ωi <ω< 2Ωi, and in the limit of small k⊥0ρi. Employing standard perturbation techniques, the wave scattering from a Gaussian spectrum of density fluctuations and the self‐modulation resulting from the ponderomotive force nonlinearity are investigated. The results for the typical parameters of the PLT tokamak [Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 2339 (1985)] and the ALCATOR‐C tokamak [Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 1201 (1987)] indicate that the scattering effect becomes important in the edge region as the fluctuation level is increased from 1% to 30%. Also, it is found that at the power levels currently being used in the experiments, large ponderomotive modifications in the plasma density are produced in the near zone of the launcher. In the weak nonlinearity limit, the ion‐Bernstein wave is found to be modulationally unstable, thus implying the possibility of localized heating.


It was shown previously that operation of the cell, constructed with commonly used low surface area cathode current collector, below 150C led to only partial utilization of the cell capacity [2]. For, example, when the sulfur concentration in the cathode is relatively low (S/Al = 0.14), capacity utilization at 130C was only 50% of the theoretical capacity. Improvement of the capacity utilization to essentially 100% of the theoretical required the use a high surface area current collector [2, 3].


This investigation showed that a soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals had sufficient indigenous microbial activity for hydrocarbon biodegradation under nonlimiting conditions. Nutrient supplementation with nitrogen and phosphate, together with aeration, seemed to be the most important factors for enhancing biodegradation. Hydrocarbon biodegradation occurred to a much greater extent under aerobic than under anaerobic conditions. Biodegradation did, however, induce low pH conditions and thus caused high heavy-metal concentrations in the leachate. Anaerobic conditions inhibited hydrocarbon biodegradation with no subsequent drop in pH and low heavy-metal concentrations in the leachate. Thus, anaerobic conditions were shown to facilitate less metal mobility than low pH conditions. Air sparging did not cause a significant increase in biodegradation. Adsorption of heavy-fraction hydrocarbons (> C{sub 20}) to microorganisms and colloidal material in the leachate was suspected of facilitating mobility of these fractions and thus their subsequent detection in the leachate.


In many cases the author supplies his own translation of the Hebrew psalm as well as a poetic analysis, often engaging directly with the Hebrew text. A useful volume for everyone interested in psalm research. J. CORLEY WILSON, LINDSAY, Job (Two Horizons Old Testament Commentary; Grand Rapids, MI/Cambridge, UK: Eerdmans, 2015), pp. xii + 420. $28.00/£18.99. ISBN 978-0-80282708-1. [Distributed in the UK by Alban Books.] W.'s book is a welcome study at a time when there seems to be a resurgence of interest in Job. The book is broadly divided into four parts. The introduction does not simply repeat existing opinions, but freshly considers the book's provenance and reception. As expected in this series, the commentary is not the bulk of the work, sometimes feeling a little short, and when combined with the introduction is only just over half the work. The rest of the study is a series of profitable essays on the theology of Job. This is first handled with some short essays that deal with major religious and ethical themes, such as suffering and God. The essays are thoughtfully presented and contain good research, though one is sometimes left wondering what to do with what is said, the essays are so short. The rest of the studies make a strong closing read, interacting with NT and Second Temple scholarship. W. seems to argue that the wisdom of Job has more to do with perseverance and faith, and perhaps less with answering questions of theodicy. He rejects the typological connections with Christ, instead seeing the Christian interpretation in how the biblical book depicts God's kingly rule. W. adroitly handles the text, is clear and insightful, and his work should prominently accompany—maybe even replace—earlier works on the subject. J.A.E. MULRONEY


The method of winning by lowest bid is a state-of-the-art tender evaluation meth-od,which is widely used in foreign engineering tendering work.The article analyzed the cur-rent application situation in China of this method,pointed out the existing problems in the application process,and compared to its successful application experience in the United States,the article proposed the application recommendation of winning by lowest bid meth-od in China.


In the field of medical microbiology, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) secures a rapid identification of clinical isolates. This PhD thesis aimed at implementing MALDI-TOF MS to the characterization of soil bacteria called rhizobia, which form nitrogen-fixing symbioses with plants of the Leguminosae family. Dedicated mass spectral databases and protocols for the rapid characterisation of symbiotic rhizobia were developed. Together these tools allow for a cost-effective high-throughput screening of rhizobia directly from plant tissues instead of cultured bacterial isolates. Taking advantage of the rapidly expending genomic data, we also showed that empirical mass spectra can be replaced by sets of sequence-deduced ribosomal proteins and that plant leghemoglobins are reliable markers for identifying host plants. MALDI-TOF MS has now become a tool of choice to probe the diversity of rhizobia and symbiotic associations that exist in nature, or develop new bio-inoculants for agronomy.


Electron-transfer phenomena in biological macromolecules are among the most important processes of life sciences. So far, a limited number of microscopic studies exist and mostly knowledge is based upon macroscopic studies. In order to overcome these situations, a labelled-electron method with muons was recently developed and successfully applied to directly explore microscopic electron-transfer phenomena in representative proteins such as cytochrome c, myoglobin, cytochrome c oxidase and DNA. The principle, some details of each experiment and future perspectives are described.


It is well established that injection of fluids into the subsurface can cause induced seismicity. Cases of injection-induced seismicity have been documented during wastewater disposal, hydraulic fracturing, and geothermal energy production. However, attribution of seismic activity to specific causative activities can be challenging (e.g., Verdon et al., 2019a). It is important to correctly ascertain when and where seismic events have been induced by human activities. In cases where multiple activities take place in the subsurface, it is equally important to ascertain which activities have been responsible for causing induced seismicity.


Abstract : Under the Monitoring Completed Coastal Projects Program, an assessment of shore-connected breakwaters and channel improvements at Cattaraugus Creek Harbor, New York, was performed. Data collection for the monitoring effort occurred from mid-1983 through 1985. An evaluation of waves, structure stability, sediment transport, channel stability, and ice-jam problems due to the construction of the project is discussed in detail. Data on the performance of the project and observations made in the prototype, as well as conclusions and recommendations based on the monitoring effort, are reported herein.


In this paper study the quantum deformation of the superflag Fl(2|0, 2|1,4|1), and its big cell, describing the complex conformal and Minkowski superspaces respectively. In particular, we realize their projective embedding via a generalization to the super world of the Segre map and we use it to construct a quantum deformation of the super line bundle realizing this embedding. This strategy allows us to obtain a description of the quantum coordinate superring of the superflag that is then naturally equipped with a coaction of the quantum complex conformal supergroup SL_q(4|1).


The attenuation of ultrasonic waves has been measured in single crystals of naphthalene and p‐dichlorobenzene at frequencies from 5 to 95 MHz for the former crystal, and 5 to 65 MHz for the latter. The absorption coefficients of the crystals were proportional to the square of the acoustic frequency. The change in absorption coefficient for the temperature range from 30°C down to —70°C was very small to about —40°C; a slight decrease was observed below this point. There was no appreciable change in the absorption coefficient within the limit of experimental error, up to a (uniaxial) pressure of 4.25×106 dyn/cm2 applied in a direction perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the acoustic wave. From these results, it is concluded that any contributions of dislocation damping and thermal conduction in the crystals to the total acoustic absorption were negligibly small.The sound velocity was determined for these same crystals at room temperature. This velocity was to be found to be a linear function of...


⎯A new liquid-phase method has been suggested for synthesis of solid electrolytes with lithium conductivity of composition Li1 + xAlxGe2 – x(PO4)3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.6, 0.65) with a NASICON structure. The method is based on the use of an alkaline solution of GeO2 and water-soluble Al(NO3)3 · 9H2O, LiNO3, and (NH4)2HPO4 salts. The synthesized materials have been characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and impedance spectroscopy. The formation of crystalline Li1 + xAlxGe2 – x(PO4)3 products with a NASICON structure is observed at 750–1000°C depending on the degree of substitution of germanium by aluminum. The effect of final powder annealing temperature and ceramics sintering temperature on the phase composition, density, and conductivity of resulting materials has been studied. The material of composition Li1.6Al0.6Ge1.4(PO4)3 produced by sintering the synthesized powder at 900°C exhibits the highest conductivity (3.8 × 10–4 S/cm at a ceramics density of 86%) and the lowest conductivity activation energy (30.5 ± 0.4 kJ/mol in the temperature range 25–250°C). DOI: 10.1134/S0036023618030166 Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used as portable power sources. In this context, much attention is paid to the development of solid-state storage batteries, since replacing the liquid electrolyte with a nonflammable solid electrolyte will significantly improve their safety, reduce the degradation of electrode materials, and minimize the dissolution of the transition metal in the electrolyte [1–10]. An intensive study of this type of battery have stimulated advances in the field of lithium transport research in lithium– polymer electrolytes, polysulfides, lithiated phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON), and in oxides with a garnet structure and double phosphates with a NASICON structure [11–15]. The main difference between these classes is their mechanical properties. An advantage of polymers is their elasticity. Inorganic ceramics is characterized by higher thermal stability, a wide range of operating temperatures, and resistance to aggressive media [11]. In addition, its modification through aliovalent substitution in the framework makes it possible to increase the conductivity without deterioration of mechanical properties. For example, doping with trivalent cations leads to an increase in the conductivity of phosphates with a NASICON structure by 2– 3 orders of magnitude [15–18]. According to the published data, the conductivity values of known solid electrolytes vary within 10–2–10–6 S/cm at room temperature [11–13]. Materials of composition Li1 + xAlxGe2 – x(PO4)3 are among the most conductive compositions of lithium conductors with a NASICON structure described in the literature [19]. The partial replacement of tetravalent germanium by trivalent aluminum leads to the formation of charged point defects in the structure and, as a result, to an increase in the conductivity [20]. The volume conductivity of Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 (LAGP) is as high as 10–3–10–4 S/cm [11, 21–26], which is an acceptable value for use as an electrolyte, although it is somewhat inferior to the conductivity of liquid electrolytes most frequently used in LIBs (~10–2 S/cm). At the same time, Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 is characterized by a substantially wider window of electrochemical stability (1–7 V relative to Li/Li+, according to [27]) as compared with liquid electrolytes, the stability of which is limited by the upper potential value of 5 V [11–13]. It should also be noted that the data given by different authors do not coincide, which is due to the fact that the conductivity of the electrolyte is also determined by the conditions of synthesis and formation of ceramics. Along with the modification of the electrolyte, the problem of low conductivity can be partly solved by reducing the thickness of the electrolyte [28]. A number of methods for the synthesis of LAGP have been described in the literature, including solid 1 The material was presented at the VII Conference of Young Scientists on General and Inorganic Chemistry (Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, RAS, April 11–14, 2017).


in material culture. The subsequent period from A.D. 200-500 is not one of abandonment but one of continued vigor and the introduction of many traits from Central Mexico. After the Early and Middle Classic, one could argue that there was a decline in the prosperity and population of Kamaniljuyu. Potentially, this would now allow Gill to associate a renewed cultural decline then with another climate change and drought that he proposes occurred after A.D. 536 (the proposed "Hiatus" catastrophe). This example illustrates the ease with which proposed catastrophic climate changes can be correlated with culture-historical events, given that the prehistory of Mesoamerica is full of gaps and poorly understood cultural changes. While acknowledging the explanatory potential of global paleoclimate studies, they are no substitute for carefully constructed regional archaeological and ecological research. Recent archaeological and paleoecological data show that the three sets of crises (Pre-Classic, Hiatus, and Collapse) proposed by Gill are best understood in terms of regional processes and events, which are unlikely to have been uniform in either chronology or underlying causes. Gill's book is, nevertheless, a very useful compendium of data and interpretive tools concerning regional and global paleoclimatic change. Most readers will accept or reject this general school of thought depending on their perspective on the fragility of human culture. To Gill's credit, he is very explicit in presenting his reasons for viewing societies, particularly "peasant" societies, as essentially fragile in the face of climatic change. In this regard, he is quite ecumenical in viewing not only the Maya crises as climate driven, but also the decline of the Roman Empire, and many other "collapses" in human history. The methodological bias of many other scholars (obviously including this reviewer) is that it is simply premature to try to correlate such changes in climate (themselves still poorly understood) with the very incomplete archaeological record found in Mesoamerica and other world regions. This "traditional" school would prefer scientists first to more fully interpret culture change in regional terms before resorting to external or global factors. In the Maya case, as the archaeological, historical, and ecological information gradually becomes more complete, the simultaneous and global nature of these cultural crises tends to disappear. The great value of The Great Maya Droughts—and the many related recent publications on neocatastrophism— ultimately may be seen in their presentation of a completely different mode of explanation, one which is difficult for most of us to accept. It may help archaeologists become more conscious and explicit about their own views on the adaptability of particular culture systems and on their own preferred mix of approaches in the explanation of culture change (e.g., deductive vs. inductive, or global vs. regional). The book will not, however, provide most of us with a satisfactory explanation of the end of the Classic period of Maya civilization.


The class of Riemann zeta distribution is one of the classical classes of probability distributions on R. Multidimensional Shintani zeta function is introduced and its definable probability distributions on R^d are studied. This class contains some fundamental probability distributions such as binomial and Poisson distributions. The relation with multidimensional polynomial Euler product, which induces multidimensional infinitely divisible distributions on R^d, is also studied.


Disclosed is a label printer without a bottom paper, comprising a printing module (100), a paper cutting module (200) provided before the printing module (100), and a water coating module (300) provided before the paper cutting module (200) in sequence. The water coating module (300) comprises a housing (301) for storing water, and a water coating component (303) which is fixed on the housing (301) and is able to obtain water from the housing (301) to keep moisture, wherein the water coating component (303) has a water coating surface (304) exposed outside an upper surface of the housing (301), a paper pressing component (302) is provided above the water coating surface (304) of the water coating component (303), and the material of the water coating component (303) is a PVA water absorbing sponge. The label printer without a bottom paper has the advantages of a simple structure, being convenient to assemble and steady in water coating performance.


Introduction. Stroke is a severe complication of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). Ischemic strokes are more frequent among patients younger than 20 years of age, whereas older patients experience hemorrhagic strokes. At present few data are available in adult patients. Aim. To evaluate Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Angiography (MRI/MRA) findings and to correlate with Transcranial Color Doppler Sonography (TCCD) in adult SCD patients. Patients and methods. Fifty-one adult patients with SCD (median age 36.2 years, range 17-69 years; M:F 19:32) were enrolled, including 15 Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA), 24 Sickle Cell Thalassemia (HbS-βThal) and 12 HbS/HbC, all followed in a single tertiary Rare Disease Center in Milan, Italy. The study was approved by Ethic Committee and all subjects gave written informed consent. Clinical history and hematological tests were collected. 3.0 T MRI/MRA was performed to detect cerebral parenchyma lesions and vessels abnormalities. Color and Duplex Doppler Sonography (CDDS) and TransCranial Color Doppler (TCCD) following the STOP protocol but with angle correction were performed by the same physician to evaluate mean Peak Systolic Velocity (PSV) and Pulsatility Index (PI) of the extracranial vessels (ICA and VA) and middle (MCA), anterior (ACA), posterior (PCA) cerebral arteries, carotid siphon (SIPH), vertebral (VA intracranial) and basilar (BAS) arteries. Results. In overall SCD adult patients median Hb levels were 9.9±1.7 g/dL, Hct 28.5±4.5%, HbS% 60±18.5% (range 5.5-90.2%), HbF% 8.5±8.6% (range 0.9-33.8%); 68.6% SCD patients had 4 crises/year, while 3.9% were completely asymptomatic; 37.3% SCD patients were treated with Hydroxycarbamide (HU); 49% were transfused 4 RBCs Units/year, while 31.4% had never been transfused; 21.6% were splenectomized. No patient experienced stroke nor ischemic, neither hemorrhagic, despite history of sickle crises. Out of 51 SCD patients, 51% showed cerebral parenchimal lesions, 33.3% aneurisms of the intracranial vessels, 96.1% vessel tortuosity (25.5% mild and 70.6% severe). In only 2 patients (4%) mild focal stenosis were detected. Comparing the three SCD subgroups, in SCA patients the percentage of cerebral parenchimal lesions (60%), aneurisms (53%) and tortuosity vessels (100%, 13.3% mild and 86.7 severe) were significantly higher than in HbS-βThal and HbS/HbC patients (p Conclusions. In the studied group of SCD adult patients MRI/MRA findings are characterized by aneurismal enlargement and tortuosity of cerebral vessels, probably due to age-related brain endothelial damage. MCA TAMM and PSV values were lower in SCD adult patients with cerebral parenchimal lesions and aneurisms, in comparison with ones without, indicating a consequent reduced blood flow velocity. According to our data, we could suggest as potentially pathological cut off MCA TAMM Disclosures Cappellini: Novartis, Shire, Cellgene, Sanofi: Advisory board Other.


Correct surgical therapy considers radical excision of tumor formation, what can be certificated by absence of tumor cells on histopathological specimen margins. The aim of this investigation is to estimate incidence of presence of tumor cells on histopathological specimen margins in cases of intraoral carcinomas, surgically excised in macroscopically normal tissue with different wideness of normal tissue zone and relation to postoperative survival of this patients with intraoral carcinomas. Fifty seven patients with intraoral carcinomas were divided in three groups according to wideness of zone of excision in macroscopically normal tissue. Lowest percent of presence of tumor cells on margins of histopathological specimens were ingroup of patients with zone of excision behind zone of indurations of soft tissue, but patients from this group had shortest postoperative survival period. Presence of tumor cells on margins of histopathological specimens of excided intraoral carcinomas was found in high number of 81,07%. It can be said that presence of tumor cells on margins of histopathological specimens of excided intraoral carcinomas was found in extremely high number of 81,07%, but direct statistical significant relation in-between wideness of surgical excision and postoperative survival period was not found what show that another factors connected with postoperative survival of this patients must be examine. Acta Medica Medianae 2003; 42 (3): 23-25.


The free imperial city of Frankfurt am Main serves as the basis for a historical probe of whether Jews received differential treatment in the criminal-justice system of early modern Germany. The study proceeds from an analysis of legislative and procedural court practices to the sentencing of Jews, and culminates in an assessment of penal problems.


Extensive green roofs with a thin growing medium require minimal maintenance, and in general no irrigation. The proper functioning of such systems rests with their structural constituents, especially with the substrate used for planting. An extensive green roof with poorly developed vegetation and with a soil layer of a maximum thickness of 5 cm mixed with local stripped topsoil with crushed bricks and green waste was studied with respect to the hydrological behavior. The substrate classified as loam comprises a significant proportion of very fine particles and thus it is prone to clogging up of soil pores and forming of fissures on the surface. The green roof studied is well equipped for measuring meteorological data including air temperature, wind speed and direction, net radiation, relative humidity, and rainfall intensity. The meteorological information on the site is completed by soil temperature measurement. The 12 m long transect is equipped with eight time domain reflectometry probes (TDR) to monitor soil water content. Soil physical properties (bulk density, porosity, grain size distribution) and soil hydraulic characteristics (soil water retention curve) were obtained. The numerical modeling of transient soil water movement in the green roof substrate was performed using a two-dimensional model based on the Richards' equation. Results were compared with the soil water content data acquired. Six alternative scenarios were formulated to discuss possible improvement of green roof functioning and four selected scenarios were simulated. The study helped us to improve our understanding of the flow processes through the green roof soil system under study. The alternative scenario simulations allowed hydrological assessment of roof construction amendments.


Pattern classification, data compression, and channel coding are tasks that usually must deal with complex but structured natural or artificial systems. Patterns that we wish to classify are a consequence of a causal physical process. Images that we wish to compress are also a consequence of a causal physical process. Noisy outputs from a telephone line are corrupted versions of a signal produced by a structured man-made telephone modem. Not only are these tasks characterized by complex structure, but they also contain random elements. Graphical models such as Bayesian networks provide a way to describe the relationships between random variables in a stochastic system.
In this thesis, I use Bayesian networks as an overarching framework to describe and solve problems in the areas of pattern classification, data compression, and channel coding. Results on the classification of handwritten digits show that Bayesian network pattern classifiers outperform other standard methods, such as the k-nearest neighbor method. When Bayesian networks are used as source models for data compression, an exponentially large number of codewords are associated with each input pattern. It turns out that the code can still be used efficiently, if a new technique called "bits-back coding" is used. Several new error-correcting decoding algorithms are instances of "probability propagation" in various Bayesian networks. These new schemes are rapidly closing the gap between the performances of practical channel coding systems and Shannon's 50-year-old channel coding limit. The Bayesian network framework exposes the similarities between these codes and leads the way to a new class of "trellis-constraint codes" which also operate close to Shannon's limit.


The Journal of Comp. Path. and Therapeutics. Vol. XX No. 4. Dec., 1907. (16) Veglia, F.: Preliminary notes on the life history of Oesophagostomum columbianum. 9th and lOth Rpts. Director of Veterinary Education and Research, Dept. of Agr., Union of S. Africa. . (17) Hall, Maurice C.: Diagnosis and treatment of internal parasites. 2d Edition, Page 83. (18) Hammond, J. W.: Green forage crops and corn for fattening lambs. Ohio Agr. Exp. Sia., Bul. 340.


Hemangioma is the most common benign tumor affecting the liver.  The vast majority of liver hemangiomas (LH) are less than 30 mm in diameter, asymptomatic, and are most often identified incidentally during radiological investigations for other reasons. Giant LH greater than 50 mm can lead to the development of symptoms and complications that require prompt surgical intervention. Herein, we report the case of a 58-year-old man who presented with gastric outlet obstruction and obstructive jaundice as a result of a giant hepatic hemangioma that was complicated with fatal spontaneous rupture.


Cytokines mediate and control immune and inflammatory responses. Complex interactions exist between cytokines, inflammation and the adaptive responses in maintaining homeostasis, health, and well being. On-demand, local delivery of anti-inflammatory drug molecules to target tissues provides a means for effective drug dosing while reducing the adverse effects of systemic drug delivery. This work demonstrates a proof-of-concept theranostic approach for inflammation based on analyte-kissing induced signaling, whereby a drug (in this report, aspirin) can be released upon detection of a target level of a proinfammatory cytokine(i.e. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ)) in real time. The structure-switching aptamer based biosensor described here is capable of quantitatively and dynamically detecting IFN-γ both in vitro and in vivo with a sensitivity of 10 pg mL-1. Moreover, the released aspirin triggered by the inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ is able to inhibit inflammation in the inflammatory rat model, and the releasing of aspirin can be quantitatively controlled. Herein research provides a novel and promising strategy for in vivo detection of proinflammatory cytokines and the subsequent therapeutic delivery of anti-inflammatory molecules. This universal theranostic platform is expected to achieve great potentials on personalized medicine towards treatment of various of diseases and health conditions.


The effect of adrenaline(adr) induced HCO3− secretion via exocrine frog skin glands was investigated. The HCO3− secretion was measured as the changes of short‐circuit current (Isc). The HCO3− secretion induced by basolateral addition of adr was related with [Ca2+]i in the presence of propranolol, the inhibitor of β‐adrenoceptor, and the HCO3− secretion was sensitive to apical 100μM DIDS. This response induced by adr was sensitive to α‐adrenoceptor antagonist phentolamine. The adr‐stimulated HCO3− secretion could be reduced by Na+‐HCO3−‐cotransporter inhibitor (DIDS, 1 mM) in the basolateral solution or by carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor acetazolamide. The HCO3− secretion induced by basolateral addition of adr was related with intracellular cAMP in the presence of phentolamine. This adr‐stimulated Isc could almost be abolished by adenylate cyclase (AC) inhibitor MDL12330A, suggesting that AC and cAMP might be involved in mediating adr‐stimulated HCO3− secretion across the frog skin glands, which indicated that HCO3− secretion induced by basolateral addition of adr might also move through CFTR. In conclusion, activation of both α‐and β‐adrenoceptors could induced Ca2+‐ and cAMP‐dependent HCO3− secretion in frog exocrine glands.


In 2004, Hungary joined the European Union (EU) along with nine other Central and Eastern European Countries, causing several changes in the field of agriculture. One of the major changes was the transformation of national agri-food trade. The aim of the paper is to analyse the effects of EU accession on the Hungarian primary and processed agri-food trade, especially considering revealed comparative advantages, by using recent data. Results suggest that EU accession raised the intensity of trade contacts but had a negative impact on trade balance. Nominal values of both exports and imports increased after 2004, however, Hungarian agriculture is increasingly based on raw material export and processed food import. It also turned out that revealed comparative advantages of Hungarian primary agri-food products in EU15 remained almost constant after accession, while comparative advantages of processed agri-food products has been gradually increasing by time and even reached the satisfactory level in some cases. From the policy perspective, it is apparent that there is a need for deeper structural reforms of the Hungarian agricultural and food sector is the future.


Inverse problems consist in inferring parameters of model distributions that are able to fit properly chosen features of experimental data-sets. The Inverse Ising problem specifically consists of searching for the maximal entropy distribution reproducing frequencies and correlations of a binary data-set. In order to solve this task, we propose an algorithm that takes advantage of the provided by the data knowledge of the log-likelihood function around the solution. We show that the present algorithm is faster than standard gradient ascent methods. Moreover, by looking at the algorithm convergence as a stochastic process, we properly define over-fitting and we show how the present algorithm avoids it by construction.


The number and the symmetry of the order parameter(s) (OPs) in Fe-based superconductors, as well as the occurrence of anisotropic or nodal OP symmetries are important topics at the center of the present scientific debate. We show here that when accurate point-contact Andreev-reflection (PCAR) experiments in good-quality samples are carried out by different groups they do provide surprisingly consistent results. Moreover, the analysis of directional PCAR results in complex materials requires enhanced theoretical tools. We recently extended the theoretical model for Andreev reflection to the full 3D case accounting for Fermi surfaces of (almost) arbitrary shape. This combined theoretical/experimental approach allows us to conclude that, in the most studied La 1111, Sm 1111, Co-doped and K-doped Ba 122 compounds around optimal doping, the available high-quality PCAR results agree rather well on the presence of two isotropic gaps. On the other hand, our recent directional PCAR results on single crystals of the Ca 122 family clearly show the presence of at least one nodal (or strongly anisotropic) OP, possibly in agreement with recent theoretical predictions


The relation between ZIKV infection during pregnancy and microcephaly in neonate has been established by the Brazillian Ministry of Health. Therefore, more attention regarding control of Aedes mosquito is required. Since it transmits this disease, which has more disastrous consequences than dengue viral infection. Potentially effective methods of prevention that are focused on reducing infections among pregnant women include avoiding unnecessary travel to areas of ongoing Zika virus transmission, avoiding unprotected sexual contact with partners who are at risk for Zika virus infection. According to Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Reseaech (IEDCR) there is nothing to panic at this moment for Bangladesh, but they stressed on mosquito control, which is the only tool to prevent and fight off Zika virus. They however, could not mention how the virus came to Bangladesh. May be somebody brought it while travelling. There is good survillence and testing system to detect the disease in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2016;3(1):17-23