We explore possibilities to enhance magnetic-magnetic and magnetic-electric interactions between light and matter at nanoscale. We conceive magnetic nanoantennas to enhance magnetic local fields and hence enable the possibility to directly interact with magnetic dipolar transitions in matter. We also take advantage of certain structured beams because of their strong longitudinal magnetic field at their beam axes. This leads to the conception of a new microscopy technique based on photo-induced force related to magnetism and also to chirality of particles at nanoscale. Photo-induced magnetism and chirality at nanoscale are phenomena that are notoriously hard if not impossible to detect at nanoscale without the advent of nanoantennas and metamaterials.


This paper addresses several major ethical issues faced by home visitors in their helping relationships with clients: maintaining a client focus, client independence, honesty, confidentiality, limits of intervention, and termination. Examples of home visiting dilemmas from two early intervention programs are used in the discussion of these concerns. A framework for evaluating ethical dilemmas is summarized, and a professional code of ethics is recommended.


Single eyevisual fields andcontrast sensitivity wereassessed in60subjects, whowerebeing followed upinaglaucoma clinic formanifest glaucoma orasuspicion ofglaucoma because ofraised intraocular pressure. TheFieldmaster 5000(static/kinetic perimeter) wasusedforthe visual fields, andaVistech wall chart sine wave grating test wasusedforcontrast sensitivity measurements. Thesubjects weredivided into three groups - defect (D),suspect (S)and normal (N)-onthebasis oftheir perimetric findings bysubjective grading of16perimetric scoring categories foreachvisual field. The meanVistech sensitivity levels werenotfound tobesignificantly different between theD,S, andN field subgroups atanyofthefive spatial frequencies provided onthetest charts (1.5, 3, 6,12,and18cycles perdegree). Complex algorithms combining results fromtwoormore spatial frequencies alsofailed toyield any significant differences between thegroups. Diagnostic sensitivity andspecificities relating Vistech contrast sensitivity findings togroups NandD never concomitantly exceeded 60%. Measurement ofthevisual fields istheprincipal methodforconfirming thepresence and progression of glaucoma. Despite recent advances incomputerised visual field analysis, perimetric studies remain timeconsuming and demandcomplexsubjective interpretation. Psychophysical research hasrevealed abnor- malities incontrast sensitivity inassociation with glaucoma andocular hypertension.' Recently


Malaysia imposed capital control and fixed exchange rate during 1999-2005 due to Asia financial crisis 1997/98. The capital control was liberalized and the pegged ringgit was lifted in July 2005. This study examines the dynamic relationship among macroeconomic stability and industrial performance in the postcapital control era with de-pegged regime. Macro variables such as industrial production (Y), exchange rate (RM/USD), monetary aggregates (M3) and interest rate (R) were being analyzed. The longand short-run relationships were discovered among the variables at different signs and magnitudes. By VECM specification, the production function was bearing most of the short-run adjustments towards the long-run equilibrium but the adjustments were slow (> 6 years), in respond to shocks in the system. The impulse response function and variance decomposition analyses reveal that changes in macroeconomic variables have led to similar patterns of behavior with significant effects differing mainly in terms of shock adjustment. Dynamic causal effects were also being detected among the variables to justify the export led-growth strategy but the monetary effects were less prominent. In brief, monitoring the macro stability and foreign exchange shocks are essential in sustaining the industrial performance of Malaysia.


In 2002, when colleagues at HR Wallingford, Halcrow and my team (then at the University of Bristol) undertook the first National Flood Risk Assessment (NaFRA) for the Environment Agency (EA), it was a breathtaking exercise. The methodology was hot off the press from the EA's RASP (Risk Assessment for Strategic Planning) project. The Department of the Environment Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) had conducted a National Appraisal of Assets at Risk from Flooding and Coastal Erosion in 2001, but the analysis did not take account of the effect of flood defence systems. The EA had then taken the hugely significant step of developing a National Flood and Coastal Defence Database. On top of this novel dataset, we built a flood defence system reliability calculation that took into account the spatial dependence in water levels. We piloted in the Parrett catchment (somewhere that became infamous for flooding last winter) and then pressed the button on the whole of England and Wales. Less than a year later, we were running climate change scenarios and scenarios of socio-economic change as part of the government's Foresight Future Flooding Project, and before long Sir David King was taking the results to the US, Russia, India and China. The race was on for massively broad-scale flood risk analysis. Next stop the world. The Catastrophe (Cat) modellers were making huge steps too, armed with back rooms full of analysts who seldom saw the light of day. One of their team leaders describes the tactic as 'shock and awe', a poignant phrase at the time of the 2003 invasion of Iraq. In the Cat modeller's vernacular, this meant releasing a model of some part of the world nobody at the time thought you could model (China, Vietnam), and then fixing the bugs while everyone else recovered from the shock. It is a trick that seemed to work, with a captive market and nobody allowed to look under the bonnet. By 2006, the team at the European Joint Research Centre (JRC) at Ispra was using their LISFLOOD broad-scale hydrological and flood inundation model to develop the first European-scale flood risk estimates, driven by ensembles of regional climate model (RCM) scenarios. Even then, the NaFRA and Foresight results for England and Wales were the only national risk estimate available for comparison with the JRC's results for Europe. The JRC's work was just the start. The EU's WATCH project, which ran from 2007 to 2011, provided new gridded hydrological datasets for the 20th century and multi-model ensembles of RCM and hydrological models. The process of model intercomparison has now taken hold in the InterSectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP): the first assessment of changes in global flood hazard (reported by Rutger Dankers et al. in a paper that appeared online in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in December 2013) compared nine global hydrology and land surface models, along with five climate models. That work modelled hydrology and flood hazard, but global population and economic datasets are also enabling global mapping of vulnerability. The framework published by Philip Ward and colleagues from VU University in Amsterdam in 2013 brought together flood hydrology with socioeconomic vulnerability in the latest major step towards global flood risk analysis. A similar path has been followed on the coast, where successive developments of the DIVA model, by Jochen Hinkel and Robert Nicholls, have steadily improved understanding of the global risks of coastal flooding and sea level rise. In global risk analysis, scarcity of information about the location, protection standard and condition of flood defence systems (including dikes, flood control reservoirs, channel modifications and beaches) means that for the time being risk assessments are based upon assumptions, in all but the few places in the world where national flood protection databases exist. I gather that a global database of flood protection standards may be published before too long. Other crucial human adaptations to flood risk are not mapped globally. For example, we do not know about the extent and enforcement of floodplain zoning, nor do we have complete information about the coverage of flood warning systems, even though these are some of the most cost-effective adaptations to flood risk. There remains the fundamental problem of validating flood risk estimates. Risk is not an observable quantity, so risk estimates cannot be validated directly. One route to validation is to scrutinise each element in the calculation and assemble evidence to validate the risk estimate piece by piece. At an aggregate level, in the long run, and all other things being equal, the average of observed damages should approximate to the expected annual damage (EAD). But all other things are not equal. The baseline flood hazard and human vulnerability are moving. Nonetheless, we should expect observed damages and model estimates to be comparable, a challenge that has been laid down by the giant of bs_bs_banner


There are the similarities and differences between oestradiol and GnRH to manipulate the follicular development in synchronization.The inherently lower fertility of Hostein cows may be contributing to the reduced effectiveness of hormone treatments for synchronized follicle development and ovulation.The effectiveness of dose rates of GnRH needs to be determined if the potential of hormone treatments is to be achieved with lactating Hostein cows.Improving the new treatment for synchronization to increase the conception rate.


This chapter estimates the extent of multi-dimensional social exclusion in Croatia (based on research data from 2003) and compares the extent of deprivation of included, vulnerable and socially excluded groups, as well as well as socio-demographic and geographical distribution of social exclusion.


Blood glucose level is an important health indicator. Non-invasive, easy-to-use glucose detection and monitoring methods and tools are desperately needed, especially for patients with diabetes. In this work, we developed a new method to quantitively identify and analyze the blood glucose level by measuring the biomarkers in breath with an electronic nose (E-Nose) system based on a metal oxide (MOX) gas sensor array. Advanced machine-learning models have been studied and developed to precisely predict the blood glucose level based on the measurement of 41 participants for 10 days. The testing result shows that the E-Nose system and proposed analysis models identify blood glucose levels at an accuracy of 90.4% and a small average error of 0.69 mmol/L in blood glucose concentration. This study indicates that the E-Nose system enabled with machine learning is an efficient and precise method to achieve low-cost and non-invasive disease diagnosis.


Fault location for transmission lines is an imperative problem to be solved in electric power system. Fast and accurate location of the fault on the high voltage transmission line plays an increasingly important role. The conventional single terminal method of fault location can not eliminate the influence of the fault resistance and the remote in feed. The double terminal fault location algorithm based on line model equivalent using lumped parameters neglects the shunt capacitance in the line model, but for long distance transmission lines the shunt capacitance is essential for the design of a fault location algorithm. Considering the effect of line shunt capacitance, a fault location algorithm based on distributed parameter is presented, which only needs the line parameters and synchronized samples from both terminals. To eliminate the effect of untransposed conductors and unbalanced transmission line impedances, phase components are transformed to model components. At last, the fault distance is obtained in model domain. The emulation results of EMTP show that this algorithm not only is of high accuracy and robustness, but also not affected by fault resistance, fault type, fault location and incidence angle of the fault occurrence. The location error is less than 0.5% for all cases.


The present invention relates to a novel compound useful in the modulation of endogenous growth hormone levels in mammals. The invention also relates to a novel process and novel intermediates used in the synthesis for use in the synthesis of the compound. Also it includes the treatment of a mammal comprising the administration of the compound.


In the past year, the U.S. Army has committed to a paradigm shift in the way future ground military operations will be conducted. Increased emphasis upon the deployability of future forces has focused efforts towards reducing the weight, volume, and logistics requirements for proposed tactical systems. Extensive use of unmanned systems offer a potential means to achieve these goals, without reducing the lethality or survivability of this future ground combat force. To support this vision, the U.S. Army has embarked upon a concerted effort to develop required technology and demonstrate its maturity with the goal of incorporating this technology into the Future Combat Systems and the Objective Force.


In this paper, authors propose a new method of processing a video sequence to produce better quality single images from video frames. We propose new image alignment algorithm based on the approach of searching corresponding point and increasing of resolution. In addition, we develop new algorithm based on adding a plurality of images to obtain a single noiseless image. As the conclusion, we present results of experimental research of the proposed method.


Himalayas. Calcutta: Botanical Survey of India. Werner, J. 2011. Les bryophytes du Luxembourg. Liste annotée et atlas. The bryophytes of Luxembourg—annotated list and atlas. Ferrantia, 65: 1–138. Wigginton, M.J. 2012. Mosses and liverworts of St Helena. Newbury: Pisces Publications. Wilczek, R. & Demaret, F. 1976. Les espèces belges du "complexe Bryum bicolor" (Musci). Bulletin du Jardin botanique National de Belgique, 46: 511–41. Yamada, K. 1979. A revision of Asia taxa of Radula, Hepaticae. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory, 45: 201–322. Yamada, K. & Choe, D.M. 1997. A checklist of Hepaticae and Anthocerotae in the Korean peninsula. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory, 81: 281–306. Yamada, K. & Iwatsuki, Z. 2006. Catalog of the hepatics of Japan. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory, 99: 1–106. Yong, K.T., Tan, B.C., Ho, B.C., Ho, Q.Y. & Mohamed, H. 2013. A revised moss checklist of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. FRIM Research Pamphlet 133. Kuala Lumpur: Forest Research Institute of Malaysia. Zander, R.H. 2007. Pseudocrossidium. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Vol. 27. Bryophyta, part 1. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 569–72. Zanten, B.O. van. 1971.Musci. In: E.M. vanZinderen Bakker sr., J.M. Winterbottom & R.A. Dyer, eds. Marion and Prince Edward Islands. Report on the South African Biological and Geological Expedition 1965–1966. Cape Town: A. A. Balkema, pp. 173–227. Zhang, M.-X. & He, S. 2005. Hypnaceae. In: P-Ch. Wu, M.R. Crosby & S. He, eds. Moss flora of China. English version. Volume 8. Sematophyllaceae–Polytrichaceae. Beijing— New York: Science Press and St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, pp. 80–260.


The need for performance analysis and business continuity assessment is becoming increasingly important. Not the last role is played by the worsening economic situation and the economic crisis that is developing against the backdrop of the Covid-19 pandemic that has swept the world. At the present stage of economic development, in connection with the acute problem of the financial instability of individual economic entities, it becomes necessary to accurately predict the insolvency and the likelihood of the risk of bankruptcy of the organization in terms of carrying out procedures aimed at determining the continuity of activities. The work is of an overview nature. The work used such economic methods of cognition as methods of selection and analysis of scientific information, a systematic approach, a method of comparison, and formal logic. The methods of selection and analysis of scientific information were used in the analysis of literature. The works of domestic and foreign scientists were supplemented by regulatory and legislative acts in the financial field. Sustainability analysis is based on the concept of business continuity. Continuity can be analyzed using different models and indicators, but all types of economic performance evaluation involve studying the company's balance sheet. The application of the continuity mechanism reflects the real situation of the company's stability and allows you to see problems in advance and avoid bankruptcy. The results of this study may be of interest both to supervisory and regulatory authorities, and investors, and internal services that control the financial stability of insurance companies.


Theorems of the alternative, in particular, Gordan and Motzkin type theorems for non-convex functions are presented, based on the Fuchssterner and Konig's extended minimax theorem. As applications of these theorems, optimality conditions and duality theorems are obtained for non-convex programming problems.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how the NHS Workforce Review Team's induction to workforce planning course works with attendees on how to extract workforce implications from policy documents.Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides a structure for policy assessment, and describes some key lessons learned.Findings – The paper contends that, although the documents can seem daunting at first, they may provide an important framework for strategic workforce planning. The danger of not doing this work is that the enabling workforce decisions, such as training and development, may not be made in time for suitable implementation of policy.Practical implications – The paper argues that, while it is not always easy to link policy to workforce, it is definitely worth the effort.Originality/value – The paper highlights the fact that the ability to access policy documents and apply their content to future planning is an essential tool in developing robust plans.


If one looks at the news, it appears that Zimbabwe is a country in lonely crisis. When the world does pay attention to Zimbabwe, it is to sanction its leaders. This issue is solely about Zimbabwe and Zimbabwe's ongoing struggle for freedom that is under threat both from within Zimbabwe itself and from the outside world. The concept of Zimbabwe as home for its citizens is one fractured along historical, spatial, political, racial, ethnic and personal lines, and indeed it is a multidimensional intersection of all these factors. It is within this agglomeration of identities, often under extreme threat, that ordinary Zimbabweans are daily constructing themselves and their lives – not only to survive the crisis that has pervaded so many facets of their lives, but to go beyond it. The disquieting aspect is that there is now in Zimbabwe a culture of crisis; leaders taking crisis as normal, thriving from it, and holding the lives of the people to ransom. When the crisis has been formalised as a culture within state institutions, it distorts attempts at resolving tensions and conflicts that lead to crisis in the culture. Since culture reflects on the materiality of the nation, there can be a crisis of culture when leaders, people and writers joust and fail to move out of the orbit of this culture of crisis that produces crisis in the culture. This is what the articles in this issue of African Identities prod. Whilst rigorously analysing the issues that have lead to the profoundly difficult conditions in Zimbabwe today, this issue also records the inspirational way that ordinary Zimbabweans have moved beyond the crisis and are living successfully. In the second article in this issue the author quotes Mungoshi's poem 'If you don't stay bitter and angry for too long' (1998), which challenges the reader to move beyond bitterness and anger, so that they might finally rescue 'something useful' from the situation. This issue aims to proclaim this challenge and demonstrate how ordinary Zimbabweans have taken it up, interrogating both the culture of crisis and the crisis of culture. The first article in this issue, ' Zimbabwe's creative literatures in the interregnum: 1980–2009' by Maurice T. Vambe announces the strength of creative literary cultures. It suggests that, unlike the visible political institutions such as education, law and the security forces, culture is often less amenable to total destruction even in the face of the most brutal and dictatorial regimes. In fact a social, political and economic meltdown can even be the suitable condition of possibility for the rebirth of creative art as creative cultures authorize their own narratives in ways that both confirm and interrogate the conditions of the country and of the arts, and allow for a myriad of suppressed voices and interpretations to be heard. 'Where is my home? Rethinking person, family, ethnicity and home under increased transitional migration by Zimbabweans' by Thabisani Ndlovu is the second


The invention discloses a device for a tire burst test, comprising a wheel. A wheel hub is provided with a deflation port, a deflation tube is welded at the deflation port, and the deflation tube is provided with an electromagnetic valve; a rotating bearing is arranged outside a wheel shaft, and an insulating layer is arranged outside the rotating bearing; the wheel shaft and the anode a vehicle power source are connected through a switch circuit, the anode of the electromagnetic valve is connected with a circuit of the rotating bearing, and the cathode of the electromagnetic valve is connected with a circuit of the wheel hub. The device is additionally provided with an accessory device on a tire wheel hub of a conventional automobile and uses the electromagnetic valve as a control unit to deflate the tire so as to achieve the test effect same as the tire burst without damaging the tire, thereby saving the cost and being favorable for repeated tests.


We examine the relationship between HRM practices, conceptualized at the workplace level, and individual employee attitudes and behaviour. We focus on two possible explanations for the relationship: social exchange and job influence/employee discretion. Findings from a study of employees in North-East England suggest that there is a positive impact of HRM practices on organizational citizenship behaviour, through an effect on perceived job influence/discretion. There was no such effect for perceived organizational support. These findings provide support for a job influence and opportunity explanation of HRM effects on employee attitudes and behaviour.


A new course actively engages students in applying social science to examine their own prospective aging and the aging of others. This Grand Project begins with self-assessment of their expectations for the "Future Self" at age 67, then conducting two structured interviews each followed by writing a "life story" – one of an US older adult and the other an imagined older adult from a different county. Comparative analysis of these three stories highlights the impacts of society, heredity, and choice on shaping the experience of old age. Each project is presented to the class. Seeing life from this personal "tour" of the "other" informs beliefs about differences. Students gain knowledge about gerontology as a social science and develop personal understanding of their own and others' aging, a good step toward becoming comfortable with diversity and inclusivity. Ageism is the only "ism" guaranteed to include all who survive long enough.


This note describes a method of kinematic analysis generally applicable to planar mechanisms. It is illustrated by the displacement analysis of a 6-bar linkage with auxiliary gearing.


Reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause oxidative damage which is associated with endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Majority of ROS are formed by mitochondria and NADPH oxidase. Overproduction of ROS leads to oxidative damage and disease progression, therefore, accurate determination of ROS and reactive nitrogen species (like nitric oxide, superoxide and peroxynitrite) is of great importance but also represents a great challenge, since these species are short‐lived and methods that are usually used relay on indirect detection. Here we compared 3 different methods for the detection of 3‐nitrotyrosine, a footprint of peroxynitrite formation in vivo, in biological samples.


Introduction: The rotator cuff is made of 4 muscles that may be commonly be injured in overhead sports. Tears to the rotator cuff are common pathologies that are difficult to treat and to date there are no clinical guidelines or best practices for treating tears in the athletic population. The purpose of this mini review article is to synthesize the best evidence within the last 5 years in the management of rotator cuff tears in the overhead athlete. Materials and Methods: A literature review was performed using terms to include shoulder injuries, rotator cuff injuries, and overhead athletes in multiple validated databases from the years 2015-2020. Results: The initial query resulted in 8,852 articles available for analysis. After the initial analysis for duplicates and full text 6,000 articles were left. The search for relevant article that met the inclusion yielded 100 articles to be included into the final review. These articles were instrumental in synthesizing the various treatment and management of rotator cuff tears. Discussion: In the overhead athlete, the first line of defense should be conservative care for 6-8 weeks to see if patient reported outcomes can be improved. Advanced imaging in the form of MRI should be obtained to assess the degree of damage to the rotator cuff. If the athletes is in season, then orthobiologics may be explored as an option. However, if the athlete does not achieve pre-injury levels of function then arthroscopic surgery may be indicated for optimal performance. Conclusion: Rotator cuff tears are common in the overhead athletes, and currently there are no guidelines in their treatment and management. This mini review found evidence to support a conservative approach, followed by a possible orthobiologic intervention, and finally arthroscopic surgery if the athlete wishes to return to performance.


Campaigns and political parties are faced with the immensely important practical challenge of financing their efforts. Raising money is instrumental to all other aims. In recent years, this task has been complicated by the need to enlist ever greater numbers of contributors to raise ever larger sums of money. At the same time, fundraising burdens are eased a bit because contributors flock together. That is, campaign contributing is a spatially dependent phenomenon, associated with affluence and the presence of networks. Accordingly, geospatial tools provide a helpful method for understanding and predicting where contributions can be most successfully mined.


We study an optimization aspect of Internet shopping with price sensitive discounts from customer perspective (which is a specific case of the Internet Shopping Optimization Problem [1, 5]). Specifically, we consider a problem in which a customer would like to buy products of a given set N = {1, . . . ,n} in a given set of Internet shops M = {1, . . . ,m} at the minimum total final price. There are the following given parameters and decision variables : di delivery price of all products from shop i to the customer ; pi j standard price of product j in shop i, pi j = p j if standard prices of product j are the same in all shops ; Ni subset of products of the set N in shop i (eligible products for shop i), Ni ⊆ N ; M j subset of shops in which product j can be bought (eligible shops for product j), M j ⊆M ; Si subset of products selected by the customer in shop i (basket of shop i, decision variable), N = ∪i=1Si and Si∩S j = φ, i 6= j, for a feasible solution ; Ti(Si) = di+∑ j∈Si pi j total delivery and standard price in shop i for a given set of products Si ⊆ Ni ; if there is no ambiguity, notation Si in Ti(Si) can be omitted ; fi(T ) discounting function for final price, a concave increasing differentiable or concave piecewise linear function of total delivery and standard price T in shop i at all points T > 0, fi(0) = 0. We denote the above problem as IS, where the abbreviation stands for Internet Shopping. Its mathematical program can be written as follows :


The Brunswick Group and the underlying Lockatong Formation are composed of lithified Mesozoic sediments that consti tute part of the Newark Basin in southeastern Pennsylvania. These fractured rocks form an important regional aquifer that con sists of gradational sequences of shale, siltstone, and sandstone, with fluid transport occurring primarily in fractures. An exten sive suite of geophysical logs was obtained in seven wells located at the borough of Lansdale, Pennsylvania, in order to better characterize the areal hydrogeologic system and provide guidelines for the refinement of numerical ground water models. Six of the seven wells are approximately 120 m deep and the seventh extends to a depth of 335 m. Temperature, fluid conductivity, and flowmeter logs are used to locate zones of fluid exchange and to quantify transmissivities. Electrical resistivity and natural gamma logs together yield detailed stratigraphic information, and digital acoustic televiewer data provide magnetically oriented images of the borehole wall from which almost 900 fractures are identified. Analyses of the geophysical data indicate that the aquifer penetrated by the deep well can be separated into two distinct struc tural domains, which may, in turn, reflect different mechanical responses to basin extension by different sedimentary units: bedding Fluid flow the upper 80 along these subhorizon tal fractures, transmissivities rapidly diminishing in magnitude with depth. This secondary set of fractures is associated with a fairly thick (approximately 60 m) high-resistivity, low-transmissivity sand stone unit that is abruptly terminated by a thin shale bed at a depth of 190 m. This lower contact effectively delineates the aquifer's vertical extent at this location because no detectable evidence of ground water movement is found below it. Thus, fluid flow is con trolled by fractures, but fracture type and orientation are related to lithology. Finally, a transient thermal-conduction model is successfully applied to simulate observed temperature logs, thereby confirming the effects of ground-surface warming that occurred in the area as a result of urbanization at the turn of the century. The systematic warming of the upper 120 m has increased the transmissivity of this aquifer by almost 10%, simply due to changes in fluid viscosity and density.


The α-naphthol modification of the Voges-Proskauer (v.-p.) test described by Barritt (1936) has proved satisfactory for the examination of the coli-aerogenes group in the hands of several workers, including Harold (1936), Vaughn, Mitchell & Levine (1938), Kluyver & Molt (1939), Iyer & Raghavachari (1938–9), and Batty-Smith (1941).


Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a multi-system disorder, resulted from the mutation in the ATM gene. Its mortality is largely related to some other disorders. Therefore, the management of its complications significantly improves patient quality of life. We studied a pediatric patient with A-T who one of his relatives had A-T.


Abstract This study was carried out to investigate antioxidative properties of various extracts and antibrowning effects of extracts in apple slices were investigated by ΔE value and PPO relative activity. Apples were cut into 1.5 ㎝ thickness and they were dipped in 1% extract solutions(OW: water extracts of onion, OE: 80% EtOH extracts of onion, AW: water extracts of apple, AE: 80% EtOH extracts of apple, MW: water extracts of mandarin orange peel, ME: 80% EtOH extracts of mandarin orange peel) for 1 min. OW showed higher than the other treatments for total phenolic contents(94.35 ㎎/g), PPO inhibition(74.00%). And the highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity(40.27%) measured in ME. ΔE value of apple slices dipped in MW was 2.37 whereas ΔE value of apple slices dipped in AW was 12.12. These results suggest that onion and mandarin orange peel extracts should be a potential source for controlling browning during storage of apple slices.Key words: onion, apple, mandarin orange peel, antioxidative, antibrowning


Background: Kite flying is a common hobby and sport in many countries. Injuries related to kites are on the rise, but there is a relative paucity of data and literature on this subject. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients who presented with injuries directly related to kite strings was done. All such cases presenting in January 2019 were included. Other indirect or secondary injuries were excluded. Results: A total of 187 patients were identified. Males were most commonly affected. The most common age group affected was 16-20 years and head and neck was most frequently involved. There were no cases of mortality. Conclusions: A seemingly harmless game of kite flying can cause grievous harm even death not only to the flyer, but also to innocent others. This study attempts to highlight these dangers and emphasizes that potential threats have to be understood and addressed adequately.


The authors describe an experimental analysis to study the susceptibility of a microprocessor-based jet engine controller (an HS 1602) to upsets caused by current and voltage transients. A design automation environment which allows the run-time injection of transients and their tracing from the device to the pin-level is described. The resulting error data are categorized by the charge levels of the injected transients by location and by their potential to cause logic upsets, latched errors, and pin errors. The results show a 3-pC threshold below which the transients have little impact. An ALU (arithmetic logic unit) transient is most likely to result in logic upsets and pin errors (i.e. impact the external environment). The transients in the countdown unit are serious since they can result in latched errors thus causing latent faults.<<ETX>>


The molecular mechanism for the microgravity‐induced decrease in bone formation remains unclear and there is a lack of effective specific preventative therapies. We recently reported that primary cilia of osteoblasts became shorter and even disappeared when the cells were exposed to random positioning machine (RPM)‐simulated microgravity and that the microgravity‐induced loss of osteogenic potential of osteoblasts could be attenuated when the resorption of primary cilia was prevented by treatment with 0.1 μM cytochalasin D. In the current study, it was further found that the loss of the osteogenic capacity of rat calvarial osteoblasts (ROBs) was associated with the inhibition of the BMP‐2/Smad1/5/8 signalling pathway, of which most of the signalling proteins including BMP‐2, BMPRII, Smad1/5/8 and p‐Smad1/5/8 were found localized to primary cilia. Accompanying the resorption of primary cilia following the cells being exposed to simulated microgravity, the expression levels of these signalling proteins were reduced significantly. Furthermore, the expression of miRNA‐129‐3p, a microRNA previously reported to control cilium biogenesis, was found to be reduced quickly and changed in a similar tendency with the length of primary cilia. Moreover, overexpression of miRNA‐129‐3p in ROBs significantly attenuated microgravity‐induced inhibition of BMP‐2 signalling and loss of osteogenic differentiation and mineralization. These results indicated the important role of miRNA‐129‐3p in microgravity‐induced resorption of primary cilia of osteoblasts and the potential of replenishing the miRNA‐129‐3p as an effective countermeasure against microgravity‐induced loss of primary cilia and impairment of osteoblast function.


Team teaching, proponents of this still new educational practice say, offers one distinct advantage: every child has several teachers. Advocates of team teaching argue that a group of teachers is better able to identify the problems of the individual child than a single teacher. What is more, some member of the team is sure to understand a child who has problems. Lambert (1: 485) wrote: "We have found that four or five teachers who confer constantly can know a child far better than a single teacher." From the Educational Facilities Laboratories (2: 52-53) comes this statement: "If the child is quiet, passive, and presents no special problems, he may simply be overlooked in a group of 30 children. But when a group of teachers works jointly with the youngsters in an open classroom, they can pool their observations and judgements about each child, one picking up things another misses." The Human Factors Research Laboratory (3: PE-8), reporting to a school board on an open-space team-teaching school, asserted: "Teachers can compare impressions of children which prevents them from forming a set pattern toward the child and enables them to better


Microwave absorbing materials plays a crucial role in reducing pollution created due to the electromagnetic radiation and several defence applications. This paper reports about the microwave absorption property of combined form of Carbon Nano fibres (CNF) and Ferric Oxide Nano powder (Fe2O3). Ferric Oxide Nano powder is deposited on the fibres of CNF using hydrothermal autoclave method. The samples of CNF- Ferric Oxide Nano powder with different weight percentages is fabricated and the microstructure and microwave absorbing properties are studied. By varying the amount of CNF and Ferric Oxide Nano powder the microwave absorbing and electromagnetic properties are modulated. For investigating the synergistic effects between CNF and ferric powders, different mass ratios of CNF to ferric oxide Nano powder have been synthesized and helped in enhancement of the effect between the magnetic loss and dielectric loss to achieve high microwave absorption. These results might be inspiration for the future to create microwave absorbing materials which are light weight.


pets. The pink-headed fruit dove Ptilinopus porphyreus is endemic to montane forests on the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Java and Bali. It is categorized as Least Concern (decreasing population) on the IUCN Red List. Seldom seen—the species is shy, silent and inconspicuous (although colourful, especially males), so amongst foliage in tall trees it is difficult to detect—and we have limited information on the species' conservation needs or of any specific threats. Trade has not hitherto been considered a threat to the species. During – Van Balen & Nijman (Bird Conservation International, , , –) observed a total of eight individuals for sale in Denpasar, Bali, in ,  and . During – our team observed nine in  (in Denpasar and Jakarta) and one in  (Bandung). I have not found any other records of the species in trade. On  January  I searched four dedicated fruitdove (punai) Facebook pages and three online platforms (Tokopedia, Shopee, Bukalapak) for the sale of pink-headed fruit doves (search terms walik ungu and punai ungu). On Facebook I found seven traders (two in Denpasar, and one each in Jakarta, Surakarta, Kediri, Jember and Pemogas) with a total of  birds for sale. No prices were given, and prospective buyers were directed to contact sellers via instantmessaging services. On the online platforms I found adverts from five traders in Jakarta, Kediri, Ngawi and Surabaya, with at least  birds available. On average online traders had slightly more birds on offer than traders in traditional markets (. ± SD . vs . ± SD .). I saw only adult-sized birds, and all must have been taken from the wild. Prices were USD . ± SD . for single birds ( quotes) and USD . ± SD . for established pairs (two quotes). Online traders specify that payments will only be accepted via RekBer (an abbreviation for rekening bersama; i.e. the bank account of a trusted third party). Sellers and buyers do not have to meet in person, payments can be processed online, and birds are shipped directly to the buyer's address using motorcycle taxis for short distances, and trains and domestic planes for buyers in more distant locations. In the absence of harvest quotas, this trade is illegal and violates the terms and conditions of these online platforms. That a -day online search for pink-headed fruit doves for sale resulted in evidence of  birds, three times the number recorded in physical bird markets over the last  decades, is disconcerting. It also demonstrates that even inconspicuous birds—which in the past would have been overlooked—are now traded in sufficient numbers that this could impact wild populations.


Phononic crystals (PnCs) have been shown to manipulate and amplify elastic waves. Using this characteristic of PnCs to assist energy harvesting has a remarkable effect. Generally, a defect occurs when a unit cell in a PnC is replaced by another cell with different geometric or material properties; then the output electric power of piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) devices will be significantly enhanced. In this study, a cross-hole-type PnC-assisted PEH device with a large defect is presented by replacing several adjacent cells with other cells. It is found that multiple peak voltages can be created within the bandgap and multimodal energy harvesting can be performed. Compared with the defect mode composed of a small defect, energy localization and amplification of the proposed PnC leads to substantial enhancement of harvesting power after tailoring the geometric parameters of a PEH device. This work will help in designing PnC-assisted PEH devices in a reasonable way.


Abstract Cyclodextrins1(CyDs), cyclic oligomers of 6–8 glucose units, form inclusion complexes with guest compounds and have been used as catalyst for the selective syntheses.2 Previously, immobilization of CyD with epichlorohydrin as crosslinking agent have been described.3-4 Here, we report the first successful immobilization of β-CyD using various crosslinking agents. The guest binding abilities and the catalytic abilities of these immobilized β-CyDs are shown.


The article considers the phenomenon of so-called fictionalized journalism and its reception in the Russian philological tradition of the 20 th century. The article shows that three markedly different kinds of text are united under the heading «fictionalized journalism»: popular science text, descriptive journalism and the unity of fiction and journalism. The refusal to distinguish between the phenomena has resulted in building a large and incoherent group whose members share no common ground though may superficially resemble each other.


THC (the main psychoactive component of cannabis) has been shown to suppress REM sleep and decrease sleep latency, although this is not consistently replicated. Increased dream vividness is reported to occur in abstinent cannabis users, although dream quality in active users is unstudied. The current study aimed to assess the effects of cannabis use compared to non-use on objective sleep measures, dream reports, and self-reported anxiety, memory, and sleep quality. To collect objective sleep data we piloted the use of a portable PSG headband that allows EEG and EOG recording at home.

 12 regular cannabis users (> 3 days per week) & 9 non-users (aged 19 - 27; 43% female) participated; participants used no other drugs or alcohol on study nights. The most common form of cannabis use was smoking in joints with tobacco (range = 1 - 15 per day). Participants wore the PSG headband (the Hypnodyne ZMax) over 2 nights at home (2nd night used for analysis), and were instructed to awaken 4 times across the night to fill out brief dream reports. Objective sleep measures included TST, Sleep latency, REM latency, and REM percent. Self-report measures included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Everyday Memory Questionnaire, and State-Trait Anxiety Index. Dream measures included recall frequency, word length, and three attributes rated on a 1–7 Likert scale - sensory vividness, emotional intensity, and bizarreness.

 There were no group differences on self-report measures. Cannabis users showed longer REM latency (t=2.23, p=.04) and lower REM% (U=22, p=.02); there were no other objective group differences. Cannabis users reported higher bizarreness in their dreams (t=2.07, p=.05); there were no other dream differences.

 The study presents a novel approach to assess sleep at home and cannabis use. Significant differences emerged between users and non-users on REM latency, REM%, and dream bizarreness.

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Theinner resistance offuelcellisdecisive forits performance anddepends strongly ontheclamping force ofthecell. Thebulkresistance ofmaterials canbeassumed asconstant over pressure range. With90% thecontact resistance isthemost important partintheoverall resistance anddecreases with increasingpressure. A measurement setupisdeveloped forthesimultaneous measurement andseparation ofbulkandcontact resistances of materials usedinfuel cells. Highmeasurement accuracy andagood reproducibility wereachieved. Thetotal resistance canbe determined witha standard deviation of0.45-2% andthebulk resistance with astandard deviation upto).9%. l -_;' _e_1301~~~~~~~~~~~~~Bets Flowv chiannel .h EndpIWe + 1


In the Netherlands, the number of realized high-rise projects is limited. Land owners and developers are searching for conditions and boundaries under which high-rise is feasible. The research started on high rise costs with literature review, and by interviewing experts working on high-rise projects and cost modelling. One of the outcomes of the descriptive model is the increase of costs with the increase of height. Land costs are equally important. As is the case for rent levels land costs depend most of all on location. Traditionally land costs are determined based upon the value of land, in which gross floor area is leading. For the developer lettable floor area and efficiency is leading. A sub model is set up for land costs in which the land owner as well as the developer can maximise their profits within reasonable limits. This model will be further developed and discussed in the field.


In order to investigate the post-dynamic softening behavior of nickel-base corrosion resistant alloy G3,three types of hot compression: single-hit with deformation of 15% and 60%,double-hit with deformation of 15%+15%,single-hit with 15% deformation followed by various holding time were carried out over the temperature range of 1100 to 1200 ℃,and at the strain rates of 0.1,1 and 10 s-1.The results show that dynamic recrystallization occurs when G3 alloy is compressed with deformation of 15%.Post-dynamic softening is observed during the holding time after deformation,which is governed by meta-dynamic and conventional static recrystallization concurrently.The kinetics of post-dynamic softening for G3 alloy is influenced by strain rate.However,with the same strain,the final softening rate is decided by temperature only.The homogeneity of microstructure after post-dynamic recrystallization is worse than that of dynamic recrystallization after 60% compression.


Although swaged terminals have become increasingly important for structural engineering and mechanical handling, no technical standards exist either for production or for structural analysis. Owing to the complex behaviour of the components (terminal and wire rope) analytical calculations are not available to estimate the load capacity of swaged terminals under tension or fatigue loads. Only a few design recommendations are available, which are based on geometric parameters and experimental data. Therefore the load capacity of the swaged terminal was investigated in a PhD thesis1 at the University of Stuttgart. The task was split into theoretical and experimental sections. Analytical formulas were derived with the Finite Element Method to describe the behaviour of wire rope and sleeve after swaging. For this wire rope termination in combination with open spiral strands, the fatigue properties were investigated in a systematic test program. Owing to non-uniform methods of analysis, available test results cannot be applied directly to other rope constructions and terminations. Current standards defined endurance loads for defined rope types and termination such as cast sockets. For safe dimensioning, it is necessary to specify mechanical closure and fatigue conditions considering stress and amplitude depending on swage parameter and material.


Attractive as well as repulsive forces between electrically neutral tips and charged surfaces are measured directly with an atomic force microscope. The exchange of the volume of a region of the electric double layer of a mica surface immersed in water with a dielectric constant eDL by the tip with a dielectric constant eTip is responsible for the repulsion at large distances from the surface (starting at ∼100 nm, diffuse layer) and followed by an attraction when the tip is immersed in the Stern layer (∼2 nm). The force versus distance measured curves for high approaching velocities (⩾30 μm/s) were fitted to the expression of the dielectric exchange force derived by using a continuum theory for a sharpened pyramidal tip immersed in a spatially variable dielectric constant double-layer electric field. The dielectric exchange effect gives a consistent description of the force acting on the tip by assuming a double-layer region of disorganized water with eDL∼80 at distances far away from the surface followed...


"The course of events during the nineteenth century favored such ideas [as price stability] ... the remarkable feature of this long period was the relative 'stability' of the price level. Approximately the 'same' level of price ruled in or about the years 1826, 1841, 1855, 1862, 1867, 1871 and 1915. Prices were also level in the years 1844, 1881 and 1914 ... No wonder that we came to believe in the stability of money contracts over a long period." J.M. Keynes, 'Essays in Persuasion' (1923 [1932], pp. 88-89)


Sustainable agriculture is one in which the goal is permanence, achived through the utilization of renewable resources. This leads to development of concept of organic natural farming. There is an increasing awareness about organic farming in view of the energy shortage, food safety and environmental concerns arising out of conventional farming. Organic farming involves harnessing of soil organism to process to animal and plant residues and to produce slow release of nutrients as needed by the crops. Earthworms can be called as biological indicators of soil fertility for millions of years before the green revolution; these silent machines have been performing a marvellous function of ploughing and fertilizing soils. The present investigation deals with effects of vermicompost on germination effiency, growth, yield and quality of Vigna radiata L.(Mung bean) were observed in the 15 days regular intervals. The growth and yield performance of Vigna radiata.L in vermicompost are significantly higher than the control.


of of with 30 young people for of Kielce These datasets provide rich materials for a analysis of young jobless' life political attitudes, and behaviours.


The ability to provide guaranteed network bandwidth for tenants is essential to the prosperity of cloud computing platforms, as it is a critical step for offering predictable performance to applications. Despite its importance, it is still an open problem for efficient network bandwidth sharing in a multitenant environment, especially when applications have diverse bandwidth requirements. More precisely, it is not only that different tenants have distinct demands, but also that one tenant may want to assign bandwidth differently across her virtual machines (VMs), i.e., the heterogeneous bandwidth requirements. In this paper, we tackle the problem of VM allocation with bandwidth guarantee in multitenant data center networks. We first propose an online VM allocation algorithm that improves on the accuracy of the existing work. Next, we develop a VM allocation algorithm under heterogeneous bandwidth demands. We conduct extensive simulations to demonstrate the efficiency of our method.


Objective To explore the correlations between the levels of human leukocyte antigen-G(HLA-G),T-cell subset changes and retinopathy in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH).Methods The method of enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay(ELISA)and flow cytometry were adopted to detect the levels of HLA-G and CD+4/CD+8 in peripheral blood of 40 cases of PIH(observed group) and 20 cases of normal pregnant weman(control group)before and after delivery.The correlations between the indexes and retinopathy were discussed.Results The level of HLA-G in observed group decreased before delivery when the state of PIH and retinopathy getting worse,and negatively correlated with the state of retinopathy(r=-0.655,P0.01);The level of CD+4/CD+8 was negatively correlated with the state of PIH(r=-0.344,P0.05),but there was no distinct significance were found when referred to the retinopathy.There were significant positive relationship between the extent of retinopathy and the PIH(r=0.809,0.731,both P0.01).Conclusion The level of HLA-G in plasma maybe used as one of the indexes to reflect the extent of retinopathy in PIH.


We present a one-way quantum key distribution system with active phase compensation. The system is characterized by a quantum bit error rate of 2.23% and a secure key rate of 24.4 kbps


The paper research the choosing of the optimal escape routes in fire emergency simulation. Aiming at the lack of fire emergency behavior description and its path pre-processing mechanism without dynamic adapting, this paper presented a novel algorithm based on geometry method in order to make the simulation according with the facts. We abstracted complex scenes as the graph model, and established an adaptive dynamic path query table to create the dynamically generated map, and proposed a model of population density to restrict the escape expectation velocity, which reflects the population movement of social group behavior in emergency situations. Experimental results show that the algorithm can not only access the dynamic optimal escape route, but also realistically describe the crowd social escape behavior under fire emergency situations.


Based on spectral projection method,a numerical study of swirling flow,which is steady,axisymmetric and generated by the rotation of upper lid of an enclosed cylinder,is investigated. The spectral projection method is that a second order projection method is cho-sen to temporal discretize the Navier-Stokes equations,and the collocation spectral method is adopt to solve these undecoupled equations which are decoupled by the projection method. The collocation spectral method has the characteristic of high accuracy and is easy to overcome the pole problem in cylindrical coordinates system. In the presence of an axial uniform magnetic field,the effects of magnetic field on the swirling flow are analyzed,and the conductivities of the upper lid,lower base and side wall are considered. The results show that,when the conductivity of the upper lid is insulating,a Hartmann layer appears,and when the conductivity is perfectly conducting,the layer doesn't appear any more,meanwhile the circulation is stronger.


Through the considerations about the "cultural shock" of the foreign students,and connecting with the practical work of the library,this paper probes into how to make effective intercultural communication in the library work for the purpose of eliminating the communicative barriers between the librarians and the foreign students and improving the quality of the library service.


Recently there has been considerable research into the process and applications of the UV induced refractive index change in germanosilicate glasses. Most of the Ge-doped planar structures reported to date have been formed by flame hydrolysis and require hydrogen loading for up to 2 weeks [1] to become reasonably photosensitive. An alternative deposition technique, which is able to produce photosensitive films without hydrogen loading, is Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition (PECVD). UV induced refractive index changes of up to +0.0035 [2] and in the range from -0.0036 to +0.0017 [3] have been reported for Ge-doped PECVD silica films without use of hydrogen loading.


Trends in climate series and agro-climatic indices were evaluated for growing vines in Vale do Rio do Peixe, in the state of Santa Catarina. Daily data of the Meteorological Station of Videira for the period from 1971 to 2010 were used. The trend in the series was analyzed with the Mann-Kendall test and to estimate the magnitude of the trend it was used the median slope determined by the Theil - Sen estimator. The results showed an increasing trend in series of minimum air temperature at the annual scale and also in the seasons of the year. The maximum air temperature presented a significant trend of increase in the series of annual maximum temperature and in the maximum temperature in summer and winter. It was also observed an increase in frequency of hot days and hot nights. In terms of agrometeorological indices it was observed a significant trend of decrease in the number of frost events, in the reduction of the time of sprouting, flowering and harvesting, and a significant increase in thermal summation, in the Huglin index, and in the cold index. In relation to precipitation there was a significant trend of increase in the annual total precipitation and in precipitation during the period of growth of the vines as well as the number of days with rainfall amounts equal or higher than 20mm.


The article speaks about the shortcoming of nowadays operated slips at the ship-building yards concerning, in particular, the electric drive of winch of asynchronous engines with a phase rotor. A solution of the shortcomings, by means of replacement of the old engines on the asynchronous engine with a short-circuited rotor and converters of frequency is offered. The model of a control system of the converter of frequency is offered. Various situations of slip work by the control system are designed. The result of simulating is shown in the graphic forms of comparative transference of the jack-lift, demonstrating control system work.


A correlation between the chemiluminescence (CL) and the reaction of polymer chain termination during the post-effect of polypropylene oxidation under UV irradiation was observed. The CL decay kinetics corresponds to the kinetics of the peroxy radical termination reaction. Variation of the relative CL quantum yield per radical termination event, and the degree of enhancement of both radical loss and the plasticizer CL decay were determined. Features of the CL decay kinetics are indicative of a change in the peroxy radical distribution with respect to the radical termination rate constants and the CL yields in the disproportionation events. Taking into account the modified distributions allows the CL decay kinetics observed in the PP photooxidation post effect to be described quantitatively.


OBJECTIVE: To study the application of HPLC fingerprint in the study of quality stability of Prepared Rehmannia Root. METHODS: The fingerprint was established on LC-10A HPLC system with acetonitrile-0. 1% acetic acid used as gradient mobile phase at the flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min- 1,detection wavelength of 320 nm,column temperature of 25 ℃ and sample size of 5 μl in gradient elution. RESULTS: The fingerprints of Prepared Rehmannia Root Processed in steam vs. wine stew had 12 vs. 13 characteristic peaks. The mutual mode of HPLC fingerprints of the two samples showed good resemblance and high stability. CONCLUSION: HPLC fingerprint method was an effective means in the study of the quality stability of Prepared Rehmannia Root.


This final report is about the geometric and construction pavement of palembang city limit – tanjung api-api road STA STA 27+000 – STA 33+512,2 south sumatra province.
The writer design the planning based on the level of avenue, classification level of area and traffic load. Satitistic result from LHR is 49.575,752 smp, this avenue categorized in class I A (arteri avenue) based on RSNI geometric avenue in 2004, which have 4 curve consists of 2 curve full circle, and 2 curve spiral circle spiral. Based on total number of vehicles which throught the road, pavement planned for this avenue consists of its cover AC W is 4 cm, AC BC 8cm, AC base 18 cm, upper foundation (CBR 90%) 14 cm, while bottom foundation using sirtus class B (CBR 60%) 20 cm. In the upper of AC WC, AC BC and AC base using hard and soft aggregates, asphalt and filler either for upper and bottom foundation.
Based on the calculation data, the cost for tanjung api-api road – palembang city limit spent, Rp.69.497.501.000,00 (sixty-nine billion, four hundred and ninety seven million five hundred and one thousand rupiah)
Keywords : geometric, LHR, curve, pavement, RAB


The equation for the estimation of the Doppler shift is derived for the spectral function method. The measurement accuracy is analyzed for the mean and actual wind profiles at different atmospheric stratification.


In recent years, the successful development of dog breeding in Armenia has been hindered by various diseases, the most common of which is demodicosis. The spread of the demodicosis invasion in Yerevan is mainly due to the uncontrolled breeding of dogs, violation of sanitary and hygiene rules for dog rearing, and unauthorized sale and purchase of dogs. Lack of information about the disease among the dog owner and breeders is another important reason for the spread of the disease.
Demodicosis in dogs proceeds with certain variations. The extent of invasion in autumn was 51.7 %, in spring – 34 %, in winter – (32.2 %), and in summer it was 18.5 %. The relatively low temperature of the external environment and the high relative humidity of the air are probably favorable conditions for the reproduction, growth, and development of causative agents of demodicosis in dogs.
Studies have shown that the highest degree of demodicosis was observed among maternal livestock, and animals older than three months. The lowest degree of disease damage was observed in puppies up to three months old.


Embodiments of the present invention comprises a balance mechanism having a first and a second cam is configured to change a force exerted by the energy storage member is converted into a substantially constant force applied to the mounting portion. Balancing mechanism may be used for balance, so that the user may attach to the display height of the electronic balance mechanism and / or a plurality of other devices by the mechanism within the height permitted range of travel. Also it provides a lift mechanism, display positioning device, and a multi-cam height adjustable desk balance mechanism. Also provides a method for positioning a display.


Culture/Literature Russian: 60/160 Classics of Nineteenth-Century Russian Literature 61/161 Russian Literature & Revolution: 1880-1930 62/162 Modern Russian Literature, 1930-today 65/165 Dostoevsky 66/166 Tolstoy 70/170 71 Gender and Politics in Russian Culture Love & Sexuality in World Literature 72/172 Contemporary Russian Culture 73 The Bible In Russian Literature 75 War Stories 78 Warrior Nations: Russia & U.S. 80 Russian Film: Arts, Politics And Society 85 91/92 Film And Nation: Russia And Central Asia Special Topics 115 Seminar: Stalinism 191/192 Special Topics 198/199 Senior Honors Thesis Note: No more than 2 courses fulfilling a foundation, distribution, or concentration requirement can be used to fulfill minor requirements. .


Campylobacter jejuni is among the most common causes of diarrheal disease worldwide. Evidence of immunity to C. jejuni following natural infection has been documented; however, relatively little is known regarding the mucosal immune response and correlates of protection against C. jejuni. To determine the role that the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) of C. jejuni plays in colonization and its effect on cytokine production by intestinal T cells, we utilized a mouse intestinal colonization model following oral infection with either CPS-deficient or wild type (CPS-replete) strains of C. jejuni. Initially, mouse colonization levels were similar between strains. Around 7 days post-infection, a significant reduction in bacterial shedding was seen in mice infected with the CPS-deficient strain. The production of IFN-γ and IL-17 was analyzed in lymphocytes from the epithelium, lamina propria and Peyer's patches at various timepoints post-infection. IL-17 expression was significantly higher in lamina propria and Peyer's patch CD4+ cells from mice infected with CPS-deficient bacteria compared to mice infected with wild type C. jejuni. Additionally, the percentage of CD8+ intraepithelial lymphocytes expressing IFN-γ was increased in mice infected with CPS-deficient bacteria. These data suggest that the production of IFN-γ and IL-17 is associated with clearance of unencapsulated C. jejuni from the mouse intestine and that CPS modulates cytokine production from intestinal T cells.


Modern wind turbines are capable of providing more than low-cost energy - they are able to provide a wide array of ancillary services that can contribute to the stability of a changing grid. This work evaluates the performance of Enercon's E-82 wind turbines in providing two ancillary services - power-frequency response (frequency-watt response) and automatic generation control (AGC). Empirical data is gathered at the 50.6 MW Nuttby Mountain wind farm in Nova Scotia, Canada that consists of twenty two IEC Type 4 turbines. AGC data is from the entire farm responding as a single unit while power-frequency data is from a single wind turbine. We document and analyse the wind farm's ability to curtail power output in response to grid frequency increases at varying power levels and also present forty five minutes of AGC data. Empirical data such as these are useful to system operators in determining how to best utilise their existing wind power fleets. We report good performance with both ancillary services. Mean error for the power-frequency data is approximately 2% of rated turbine power. Performance scores for AGC are 97% via the California ISO method and 87% via the Midcontinent ISO method.


The study has investigated availability of laboratory supporting staff and its effect on the conduct of biology practical lesson among public secondary schools in Sokoto State, Nigeria. The study answered two research questions and one hypothesis. The population of the study comprised 32 senior secondary schools in Sokoto metropolis with 93 biology teachers. Fifteen (15) public secondary schools were randomly selected with 30 biology teachers as sampled teachers, including heads of biology departments. The study used an instrument titled Biology Laboratory Practical Work Questionnaire (BLPWQ) with reliability coefficient of 0.82. Data obtained from the field were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and chi-square. The findings revealed that public schools in Sokoto metropolis have no sufficient laboratory supporting staff. The schools also conduct little practical lessons. Similarly, there was significant relationship between laboratory supporting staff availability and frequency of conduct of biology practical lessons. It's recommended that, the government should provide adequate and qualified laboratory supporting staff (laboratory assistant, technician/attendant) to the secondary schools in the state.


Abstract Background There is mounting evidence that objective measures of pathophysiology do not correlate well with symptom intensity. A growing line of inquiry identifies statistical combinations (so-called "phenotypes") of various levels of distress and unhelpful thoughts that are associated with distinct levels of symptom intensity and magnitude of incapability. As a next step, it would be helpful to understand how distress and unhelpful thoughts interact with objective measures of pathologic conditions such as the radiologic severity of osteoarthritis. The ability to identify phenotypes of these factors that are associated with distinct levels of illness could contribute to improved personalized musculoskeletal care in a comprehensive, patient-centered model. Questions/purposes (1) When measures of mental health are paired with radiologic osteoarthritis severity, are there distinct phenotypes among adult patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis? (2) Is there a difference in the degree of capability and pain self-efficacy among the identified mental health and radiologic phenotypes? (3) When capability (Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Physical Function [PROMIS PF]) is paired with radiographic osteoarthritis severity, are there distinct phenotypes among patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis? (4) Is there a difference in mental health among patients with the identified capability and radiologic phenotypes? Methods We performed a secondary analysis of data from a study of 119 patients who presented for musculoskeletal specialty care for hip or knee osteoarthritis. Sixty-seven percent (80 of 119) of patients were women, with a mean age of 62 ± 10 years. Seventy-six percent (91 of 119) of patients had knee osteoarthritis, and 59% (70 of 119) had an advanced radiographic grade of osteoarthritis (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 3 or higher). This dataset is well-suited for our current experiment because the initial study had broad enrollment criteria, making these data applicable to a diverse population and because patients had sufficient variability in radiographic severity of osteoarthritis. All new and returning patients were screened for eligibility. We do not record the percentage of eligible patients who do not participate in cross-sectional surveys, but the rate is typically high (more than 80%). One hundred forty-eight eligible patients started the questionnaires, and 20% (29 of 148) of patients did not complete at least 60% of the questionnaires and were excluded, leaving 119 patients available for analysis. We measured psychologic distress (Patient Health Questionnaire-2 [PHQ-2] and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 questionnaire [GAD-2]), unhelpful thoughts about pain (Pain Catastrophizing Scale-4 [PCS-4]), self-efficacy when in pain (Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire-2), and capability (PROMIS PF). One of two arthroplasty fellowship–trained surgeons assigned the Kellgren-Lawrence grade of osteoarthritis based on radiographs in the original study. We used a cluster analysis to generate two sets of phenotypes: (1) measures of mental health (PHQ-2, GAD-2, PCS-4) paired with the Kellgren-Lawrence grade and (2) capability (PROMIS PF) paired with the Kellgren-Lawrence grade. We used one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis H tests to assess differences in capability and self-efficacy and mental health, respectively. Results When pairing measures of psychologic distress (PHQ-2 and GAD-2) and unhelpful thoughts (catastrophic thinking) with the grade of radiographic osteoarthritis, six distinct phenotypes arose. These groups differed in terms of capability and pain self-efficacy (for example, mild pathology/low distress versus average pathology/high distress [PROMIS PF, mean ± standard deviation]: 43 ± 6.3 versus 33 ± 4.8; p = 0.003). When pairing the degree of capability (PROMIS PF) with the Kellgren-Lawrence grade, four distinct phenotypes arose. Patients in three of these did not differ in terms of disease severity but had notable variation in the degree of limitations. Patients with these radiologic and capability phenotypes differed in terms of distress and unhelpful thoughts (for example, moderate pathology/low capability versus mild pathology/high capability [PHQ-2, median and interquartile range]: 3 [1 to 5] versus 0 [0 to 0]; p < 0.001). Conclusion Statistical groupings ("phenotypes") that include both measures of pathology and mental health are associated with differences in symptom intensity and magnitude of incapability and have the potential to help musculoskeletal specialists discern mental and social health priorities. Future investigations may test whether illness phenotype-specific comprehensive biopsychosocial treatment strategies are more effective than treatment of pathology alone. Level of Evidence Level III, prognostic study.


If the book of Wisdom (Wisdom of Solomon) was written in Alexandria in the Late Ptolemaic or early Imperial period, as seems most probable, it is a priori likely that its author and intended audience were familiar with the Egyptian goddess Isis, at least in her hellenized form. This is all the more likely since, as many critics have acknowledged, the author of Wisdom was cognizant of other aspects of Hellenism and was able to adopt some of these in his presentation of Jewish theology. Thus, for example, there are reminiscences of Homer and Hesiod, allusions to Egyptian religious practices, and Greek philosophical vocabulary. That the author was aware of Isis and her mythology need not mean, of course, that this influenced his representation of Sophia to any significant degree. But given the popularity of the goddess, this possibility can scarcely be excluded. It will be the purpose of this article to examine the evidence for the influence of Isis upon Sophia and to inquire into the function of the reshaping of Jewish wisdom speculation as it is encountered in the Wisdom of Solomon.


Some novel applications of the pointlike source and pointlike detector for ultrasonic waves in the investigation of various physical phenomena are described. The pointlike sources are generated by the fracture of a glass capillary, a focused laser beam and small lead zirconate titanate (PZT) transducers, while the pointlike detectors include small PZT and capacitive transducers. The topics discussed are observation of the focusing of the fast transverse (FT) mode in silicon; determination of wave or group velocity surfaces of zinc, which includes those of longitudinal (L), FT, and slow transverse (ST) waves, cuspidal features of the ST mode, and the head wave front; and observation of a phenomenon related to the external conical refraction in zinc, i.e., the focusing of the ST mode toward the symmetry axis.<<ETX>>


Employee rankings can be done for various needs, one of which relates to year-end bonuses. So far, the awarding of year-end bonuses to research objects has only relied on one criterion, namely targets and achievements. In fact, there are many other indicators that can be assessed, such as attendance, discipline, communication style, cooperation, and initiative. This study aims to provide an alternative computation-based employee ranking method with multi-attribute decision making (MADM). The Elimination and Choice Translation of Reality (ELECTRE) technique is used in research to rank employee data based on their attribute values. The results of the study show that, of the ten employees assessed, four alternatives (employees) are recommended to be selected based on the results of a comparison of the dominant aggregate values. In this study, it can also be seen that alternative 6 (Alt-6) is the strongest alternative to be recommended for selection. Because alternative 6 (Alt-6) is not only better than alternatives 1, 4, 8, 9, and 10, but also better than alternative 3 (Alt-3) and alternative 4 (Alt-4). The order of the second, third, and fourth alternatives, respectively, are alternatives 5, 7, and 8. The recommendations of these four employees can be used as decision-making material for policymakers, given the need to award year-end bonuses.


As so often after the collapse of authoritarian regimes, the post‐communist societies of eastern Europe confront the problem of dealing with alleged regime‐sponsored criminality by their predecessor rulers. This article examines the various approaches taken toward this problem in Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, and (east) Germany, with special emphasis on the anomalies presented by the latter case. It is argued that the different approaches taken in these countries can be explained by a combination of two main factors: the 'weight of the past' (the level of development of civil society before 1989) and the 'politics of the present'.


Thermal properties and degradation of polyethylene LDPE (nano)composites were investigated by isoconversional thermogravimetric analysis in air and nitrogen atmosphere by applying the Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose method. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composites containing 3 wt.% nanofiller Cloisite 20A and 4, 6, and 8 wt.% of natural zeolite were prepared using extrusion/injection moulding. The parameters of thermal stability of the samples were determined i.e. onset temperature of the degradation (T90), which exhibit initial mass loss (10 mass %) and maximum loss rate temperature (Tmax). Also, activation energy (Ea) of samples was calculated and interpreted in terms of thermal degradation mechanisms. Under nitrogen, the thermal degradation of LDPE (nano)composites follows a random scission pathway but it was retarded and slowed by the presence of the fillers. The results show that thermo-oxidative degradation of studied (nano)composites is induced at lower temperatures and appears as much more complex and multi-stage process.


In this talk based on Ref[1] we show that, unlike other pure b → d penguin processes, the decay B s(t) → φKS is dominated by a single amplitude, that of the internal t-quark. Thus, the indirect CP asymmetry in this decay probes sin 2β. This cancellation holds for most part of the parameter space and error on sin 2β is less than 10%. By measuring the direct CP asymmetry, one can get a better idea of the probable error on sin 2β. It has been known for many years that the B system is a particularly good place to test the standard model (SM) explanation of CP violation. By measuring CPviolating rate asymmetries in the decays of neutral B mesons to a variety of final states, one can cleanly extract the CP phases α, β and γ [2]. These CP phases are usually obtained from B decays with mostly tree contributions. However penguin contributions are important in many B decays and so given the importance of such penguin contributions in B decays, one is immediately led to consider CP violation in pure penguin decays. In the (approximate) Wolfenstein parametrization [3] of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix, there are only two matrix elements which have a nonzero weak phase: Vtd ∝ exp(−iβ) and Vub ∝ exp(−iγ). Thus, assuming that the penguin amplitudes are dominated by an internal t-quark, one expects that the b → s penguin amplitude, which involves the product of CKM matrix elements VtbV ∗ ts, is real, to a good approximation. Similarly, the weak phase of the b → d penguin amplitude (VtbV ∗ td) is +β. Knowing that the weak phases of B d-B 0 d and B 0 s -B 0 s mixing are, respectively, −β and 0, this allows us to compute the email: email@example.com email: firstname.lastname@example.com email: email@example.com weak phase probed in various pure-penguin decay asymmetries [4]: b → d : Asym(B d(t) → KK0) ∼ 0 , (1) Asym(B s (t) → φKS) ∼ − sin 2β , (2) b → s : Asym(B d(t) → φKS) ∼ + sin 2β , (3) Asym(B s (t) → φφ) ∼ 0 . (4) The problem with the above analysis is that the b → d penguin amplitude is not dominated by an internal t-quark. In the quark-level decays b → uūd and b → cc̄d, the uū and cc̄ quark pairs can rescatter strongly into an ss̄ quark pair, giving effective VubV ∗ ud and VcbV ∗ cd contributions to the b → d penguin decays above. Buras and Fleischer have estimated that these contributions can be between 20% and 50% of the leading t-quark contribution [5]. And since the uand c-quark contributions have a different weak phase than that of the t-quark contribution, this implies that the weak phase of the b → d penguin amplitude is not +β, so that the predictions of Eqs. (1) and (2) are not valid. On the contrary, due to the presence of these several decay amplitudes, one expects that a weak phase cannot be cleanly extracted from the measurement of CP asymmetries in pure b → d penguin decays. One also expects to observe direct CP violation in such decays. Here, we re-examine the question of the weak phase of the b → d penguin for the exclusive decay B s (t) → φKS [Eq. (2)]. As we will show, although the quark-level contributions from uand c-quarks are non-negligible, at the meson level the matrix elements involving the corresponding uand c-quark operators each vanish, to a good approximation, over a large region of parameter space. Thus, to the extent that this cancellation is complete, the CP-violating rate asymmetry in B s (t) → φKS still cleanly probes the weak phase β. We can write the amplitude for B s → φKS as[1] AS s = GF √ 2 (VubV ∗ udPu + VcbV ∗ cdPc + VtbV ∗ tdPt) . (5) where Pu,c = c̄ u,c 6 (1 − 1 N c ) [〈OLL〉 − 2 〈OSP 〉] , (6) where 〈OLL〉 = 〈φ| s̄γμ(1 − γ5)b |Bs〉 〈KS| d̄γ(1 − γ5)s |0〉 , 〈OSP 〉 = 〈φ| s̄(1 − γ5)b |Bs〉 〈KS| d̄(1 + γ5)s |0〉 . (7) (The operator OSP appears due to a Fierz transformation: (V − A) ⊗ (V + A) = −2(S − P ) ⊗ (S + P ).) On the other hand, the contribution from the top penguin is more complicated:


To determine the utility of systematic biopsy alone or combined with an assay of serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level to predict the extent of prostate cancer in Japanese men.


In preparation for the 2017 change to the North American Product Classification System (NAPCS), Economic Census staff was tasked with determining a single imputation method to treat missing product data collected from all trade areas. To objectively compare four proposed imputation methods, we conducted a simulation study to obtain two evaluation measures: imputation error, to measure the accuracy of the overall estimate, and the fraction of missing information (FMI), to measure the precision of the imputed estimate. For the "cook-off," we generated complete pseudo populations by applying each imputation method to missing sample data, inducing product nonresponse in each population, and applying each imputation method to the missing data. Nonresponse was induced independently in each pseudo population, yielding 50 replicates. Each imputation procedure was multiply-imputed within replicate. Imputation methods ("treatments") are evaluated within trade area using the average imputation error and FMI. This evaluation approach is generalizable to other programs with similar missing data problems.


Debly Construction is a local construction and materials company in Saint John. It was started by the Lebanese Brother who were educated in civil engineering- one with a masters in construction materials. No one thought competing with the Irving billionaires was possible in Saint John. The Debly's proved everyone wrong. The Deby's are successful and expanding.


Current standards for indoor comfort are based on studies of adults, but they also apply tochildren, even though children differ in terms of metabolic rates, clothing types, activity levels, and preferences in space arrangement. Children are also more sensitive to a range of environmental factors, they are usually unable to interact with their environment, and they accept indoor conditions passively. This study aims to extend research into indoor environmental quality (IEQ) for children by providing analysis, measurements and surveys carried out in an Italian primary school. Continuous monitoring was combined with a detailed spot monitoring campaign, during which pupils completed a questionnaire so that subjective and objective evaluations could be compared. Thermal comfort was also evaluated by comparing pupils' sensations based on the two most common approaches: the heat balance and adaptive comfort models. Tests revealed that there was no clear, uniform correspondence between subjective response and acoustic and thermal measurements. Children reacted actively to discomfort, suggesting that they should be allowed to interact with their environment. Building acoustics were also measured in order to evaluate the insulating properties of building elements. The following tests were conducted: facade sound insulation, sound insulation of the vertical and horizontal partitions between classrooms, and the impact levels between overlapped classrooms. Reverberation time and background noise were measured in unoccupied, furnished classrooms after school hours. Impulse response and Speech Transmission Index (STI) measurements were also performed in one classroom.


Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) undergo wall-catalyzed oxidation reactions, in conjunction with electron-and ion-molecule reactions, when oxygen is present in the chemical ionization source. Under conditions that promote these wall-catalyzed oxidation reactions (addition of oxygen, elevated ion source temperature) oxidized products are easily detected by measurement of the negative ion chemical ionization (NICI) mass spectra. The NICI mass spectra are dominated by ions that result from electron-capture ionization of oxidation products such as ketones, quinones and anhydrides. In this study the NICI mass spectra of 30 PAH and 46 methyl-substituted PAH were measured. These spectra can be used to differentiate certain isomeric PAH based upon differences in molecular structure. Of particular interest are ions that appear in the spectra of methyl-substituted PAH, which can provide information regarding the position of methyl substituents.


Background: The DAWN trial showed EVT effectiveness in the late time window (6-24 hrs), however, DAWN patients were carefully selected based on advanced perfusion imaging, CTP and MRI. Similar to t...


Deduction chains represent a syntactic and in a certain sense constructive method for proving completeness of a formal system S with respect to the class of S-structures. Given a formula A, the deduction chains of A are built up by systematically decomposing A into its subformulae. In the case where A is a valid formula, the decomposition yields a (usually cut-free) proof of A in the system S. If A is not valid, the decomposition produces a countermodel for A. The method of deduction chains was originally devised by Schütte and is mainly used in the context of first order logic and semiformal systems for various forms of arithmetic. Schütte [2] has also adapted the method to modal logic. In the current study, we extend this approach to a semiformal system for the Logic of Common Knowledge, as studied by Alberucci and Jäger [1]. The presence of fixed point constructs in this logic leads to potentially infinite-length deduction chains of a non-valid formula, in which case fairness of decomposition requires special attention. An adequate order of decomposition also plays an important role in the reconstruction of the proof of a valid formula from the set of its deduction chains.


This was a series of interlocking presentations that utilised the relationship between the floor and the wall as a constant factory. In all there was four separate presentations which articulated the spaces in different ways but always with the aim of balancing the floor with the walls. In the past I have invariably employed fiction as a device for de-centring the stability of identity but there was no textual element at all. Partly the investigation was in how presentation and spacing function to regulate the reading of the overall work. Each presentation was an installation related to the reading of parts and the whole.


Internet Protocol (IP) enables a session-based communication paradigm that is transaction-oriented rather than data stream-centric. This is a paradigm that is prevalent in ground systems (and arguably a significant factor in the success of the Internet), but is uncommon in space systems – even ones that have used IP. IP allows multiple, simultaneous, independent sessions over the same channel. This allows software that uses the space link to be written in a more modular and easily testable manner. It also allows commercial IP-based technology to be used independently of the application-specific software. For instance, a telnet session to the spacecraft could be active while an FTP transfer is taking place and at the same time the spacecraft health telemetry is being sent via UDP packets – all working independently of each other although sharing the same communication channel. This paper discusses the implications of the IP session-based communication paradigm on spacecraft system design, software design, implementation, and testing, and operations.


Sometimes we search for simple facts. Other times we search for relationships between concepts. While existing information retrieval systems work well for simple searches, they are less satisfying for complex inquiries because of the ill-structured nature of many searches and the cognitive load involved in the search process. Search can be improved by leveraging the network of concepts that are maintained by collaborative knowledge bases such as Wikipedia. By treating exploratory search inquires as networks of concepts -- and then mapping documents to these concepts, exploratory search performance can be improved. This method is applied to an exploratory search task: given a journal abstract, abstracts are ranked based their relevancy to the seed abstract. The results show comparable relevancy scores to state of the art techniques while at the same time providing better diversity.


The formulas necessary for calculating the accumulated deformations obtained in the process of constrained extrusion of the central region based on the working end face of the counter-punch are obtained. To derive the formulas, the general method of plastic flow A. L. Vorontsova. The obtained formulas allow us to determine the deformed state of the workpiece at any point in this area. Further, these formulas will be used to take into account the hardening of the extruded material.


In this work we consider a new nonlocal boundary value problem in a disk. A Newton potential is a particular case of the problem. We establish conditions of its Noetherian property, Fredholm property and correctness. We prove self-adjointness of the problem. We construct all the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the problem for a correct case.


Introduction The aim of this paper is to present some considerations on the role of historical cartography as a source of information in landscape archaeology studies and to explore the expansion of its potential through integration with other sources. This theoretical contribution is presented with the help of two case studies in which the Reverse Research methodological approach is undertaken within a GIS environment. First, we would like to focus our attention on the nature of historical cartography, analysed in terms of an historical manuscript, a document, representing the archaeological map at the time of its creation (AZZARI et alii 2002). In fact, an ancient map represents the territorial settings of a landscape related to the historical context of its execution, providing a portrait of that historical landscape; moreover an historical map may contain traces and signs of previous settings still recognizable at that time. In some fortuitous instances, maps have provided a record of the position of ruins and/or archaeological evidence from which we have gleaned useful information about their existence, extent and position. Furthermore, it is necessary to interpret historical cartography, when viewed in this way, i.e. from the perspective of historical document and as a product of human invention, in terms of direct and indirect information that can be accessible to scholars today. It is especially important to systematically verify the data illustrated in a map in relation to its characteristics and position. In fact, maps signify, in a symbolic and iconographic way, the reality of the landscape of the past as perceived by the ancient cartographers who drew them. They are an intrinsic interpretation of the reality represented.


I am grateful to Robert Sambell and Howard Taylor for their observations on my article Whatever happened to ground roll? (TLE, March 1986). These letters were received after the June issue of The Leading Edge had gone to print. That issue (pp. 8–10) contained my reply to Steve Foster and Robert Coultrip, who made similar comments; I can hope, therefore, that Robert Sambell and Howard Taylor have now read this reply, and that we are all in harmony.


A number of geologically interesting localities in the upper Ohio River valley of eastern Ohio and western West Virginia have been selected as sites for geological discussion and collection at the coal geology field excur-sion of the North-Central Section of the Geological Soci-ety of America meeting at Akron, Ohio, 22-24 April 1988. The main focus is to be on coal-bearing strata of Upper Pennsylvanian (Allegheny, Conemaugh and Monongahela) age. Sixteen scheduled and three alternate sites have been chosen to represent: field examples of various types of stratigraphic problems; sedimentologic characteristics of diverse environments; controlling struc-tural or physiographic anomalies of pre-coal-forming peat accumulation-surfaces; typical or unusual faunas and flo-ras of terrestrial, brackish, or marine origin; and various economic coals demonstrating geologic problems related to their origin, constitution, and extraction. analyze types of environments represented: regional as splits,


The aim of the article is to improve the tearching level of Analysis of traditional medicine preparation combining traditional and modern tearching model.Along with the development of modern analytical technology,the computer permeates every aspects of the subject,and therefore the tearching model of the course faces with reform and improvement.The class teaching of analysis of traditional medicine preparation should be improved using many teaching methods,mainly using media of network environment.


A new phase-shifting interferometric technique using an arbitrary phase step is described in which the step is determined using an algorithm called probabilistic global search Lausanne. The algorithm characterizes the piezo-actuator nonlinearity and precisely estimates the vibration induced during piezoelectric transducer translation. The unknown linearly varying phase step is calculated with around 0.082% error. A least-squares fit is subsequently applied for the measurement of interference phase once the exact phase step is known.


In this paper, a generalized (G′/G)-expansion method is used to seek more general exact solutions of the integrable sixth-order Drinfeld-Sokolov-Satsuma-Hirota equation. As a result, the traveling wave solutions with three arbitrary functions are obtained including hyperbolic function solutions, trigonometric function solutions and rational solutions. The method appears to be easier and faster by means of some mathematical software.


To control spread of Schi s t o soma mansoni infection, rapid and accurate inves tigation of infected Biomphalaria alexandrina snails that surveyed from any suspected area is required. Routine assays for assessment of infected snails are time consumin g and may not be able to detect prepatent schis tosomal infections . In the present s tudy two methods were evaluate d for assessment of infected s n a ils . The firs t was detection of S. mansoni soluble egg antigens (SEA) in snail hemolymp h u s in g two murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in sandwich ELISA assay. The S. mansoni antigens measured in the h e molymph of infected snails at intervals 1, 2, 3 weeks pos t exposure to miracidia, at early shedding snails (4,5) weeks a n d after the infected snails s topped shedding. Although the pos itivity, sens itivit y a n d specificity were 100% in the infected control group of snails , the detection of antigen (s ) was only poss ible after the second we a k o f miracidial infection. In the second method, genomic DNA of infected snails in addition to non infected (as negative control) we re s u b je c t e d to nes ted polymerase chain reaction PCR u s in g primers specific to S. mansoni fructose -1,6bis phosphate aldolase (SMALDO) g e n e . PCR was able to detect infection (100% sens itivity) at the 3rd day pos t infection. In spite of the superiority and the higher specificity of the immunodetection for larg scale detection of prepatency of B. alexandrina snails infected with S mansoni, the nes ted PCR assay revealed much higher sens itivity which enables 100% detection o f S . ma n soni infection down to 3 days pos t infection. So this assay provided higher efficiency for determin a t io n of infection prevalence in snails and schis tosomias is transmiss ion.


Bronchial asthma is a common disease of respiratory system. It is characterized as recurrent paroxysmal asthma, dyspnea, chest distress or cough etc. Recently, the morbidity and mortality of bronchial asthma are increasing. It is reported that the incidence of adult bronchial asthma is 1.2%-25.5%[1]. At present, imbalance of cytokine excreted by Th1/Th2 cell is regarded as the important pathogenesis. Transforming growth factor-毬1 (TGF-毬1) is a multifunction regulatory cytokine, and plays an important role in immune regulation, cell growth, cell differentiation, synthesis and preservation of extracellular matrix. Urotensin-栻 (U-栻) can shrink respiratory tract and pulmonary vessels, and promote proliferation of smooth muscle in airway and pulmonary artery. So far, no study on correlation between TGF-毬1 and U-栻 has been reported. We measured TGF-毬1 and U-栻 by ELISA and radioimmunoassay, respectively to explore the correlation between them.


The course of Compiling Principles has always been difficult for students to understand, for the related algorithms are quite abundant and complex, and not all students possess the ability to comprehend those algorithms easily. In order to facilitate the learning of compiling techniques, we have designed a special compiler which displays the whole process of compiling for observing, and it's suitable to assist teaching work. Based on the subset of C grammar, this compiler can dynamically show the executing process of compiling algorithms and operation mechanism with abundant graphs and messages. As an assistant tool for teaching, not only does it contribute to the quick, efficient understanding of compiling principles, but it also adds some fun to the course.