Unlike other acidic mucopolysaccharides localized characteristically in the amorphous ground substance of connective tissues, heparin appears to be an intracellular material associated with the granules of mast cells. Many aspects of the structure of heparin have yet to be elucidated. The compound is a heterologous anionic polymer consisting of uronic acid and hexosamine moieties, which presumably alternate to form a disaccharide repeating unit. The uronic acid appears to be a mixture of g l u c u r ~ n i c ~ * ~ and L-iduronic acids;? the amino sugar is glucosamine. The uronosyl linkage has been reported by Nomink et aLR to be 1 + 4, although Cifonelli and Dorfman5 found mainly 1 + 6 with varying amounts of 1 + 4. The hexosaminidic linkage is 1+ 4.9.10 Heparin is a positively rotating substance, and the glycosyl linkages are, therefore, assumed to be a. Biologically active heparin contains, per disaccharide unit, approximately 2% sulfate groups, one of which is attached by sulfamic linkage to the amino group of the hexosamine. According to Laurent,ll the anticoagulant activity of heparin varies with molecular weight.


To unify the inter-organization service processes,a hybrid fragmentation method was presented for the dynamic service process model based on high-level Petri nets,i.e.,global web services-business process execution language (WS-BPEL or BPEL) model was divided into several self-contained execution sub-chips which are assigned to different BPEL execution engines according to the difference between organizations for collaborative execution.Then,the correctness of the proposed method was verified with an instance given to illustrate the feasibility of the hybrid fragmentation method.A prototype system was thus given to support the hybrid fragmentation of the model.Simulation results showed that the execution of decentralized BPEL engines supported by the hybrid fragmentation method for dynamic service process is obviously superior to that of centralized BPEL engines,thus increasing the throughput of those engines with the cost involved in service response time reduced.


An assessment question involving Newton's 2 law was administered in a physics course for preservice elementary teachers before and again after instruction. The posttest included a prompt asking students to describe the specific ways their thinking changed. Student reasoning was coded for physics content accuracy; many students exhibited changes from primitive, experientially-based reasoning to more formal reasoning. Students' self-reported reflections were then compared to the differences in the preand posttest codes. We find that many students do not identify substantive changes in their reasoning, while other students reflect at only a surface level. We also find that some students overestimate their initial level of understanding.


Abstract We investigate the variety of commuting matrices. We classify its components for any number of matrices of size at most 7. We prove that starting from quadruples of 8×8{8\times 8} matrices, this scheme has generically nonreduced components, while up to degree 7 it is generically reduced. Our approach is to recast the problem as deformations of modules and generalize an array of methods: apolarity, duality and Białynicki–Birula decompositions to this setup. We include a thorough review of our methods to make the paper self-contained and accessible to both algebraic and linear-algebraic communities. Our results give the corresponding statements for the Quot schemes of points, in particular we classify the components of Quotd(𝒪𝔸n⊕r){\operatorname{Quot}_{d}(\mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{A}^{n}}^{\oplus r})} for d≤7{d\leq 7} and all r, n.


As unemployment rates rapidly rose during the immediate post-reunification period of Germany, women undeniably bore the brunt of the economic downturn in East Germany. Rachel Alsop thouroughly discusses this aspect of the ambiguous nature of German reunification in her book, A Reversal of Fortunes? Women, Work and Change in East Germany. However, she does not suggest solutions to the unemployment problem. This Book Review discusses positive action law, or affirmative action law, as one solution for women trying to break out of traditional gender roles and find


In this paper, The electrical control system of a programmable ring lamp and it's application on vision measuring machine are introduced. The lamp is separated into five rings and eight sections. Every rings make the light reflection different because the LED eject light with different angle. Lamp control types are designed according to the controlling requirement. After the control styles have been made clear, a lamp control circuit were designed. We developed a program to control the lamp according to the hardware environment. The lamp control program is integrated into the auto-inspection parts in the vision measuring software. A lot of tests were done on the vision machine which is equipped with it. The results show that the multi-angle lighting and combination lighting styles make the measurement more accurate.


The development of an autonomous vehicle started since 1960 by Stanford University. Steering wheel control for an autonomous vehicle is important for a successful navigation through the designed road/paths. The recent autonomous vehicles developed by Uber, Waymo, Tesla, and others are still in the experimental stage. The current accident with Uber autonomous car in Arizona shows that the safety of the pedestrian and passengers of the autonomous cars are still at risk. The passenger�s comfort and safety while riding in the AEV can be improved by developing a controller that is precise and accurate in making decisions based on the uncertain environment. The developed Fuzzy controller that uses data from the human drivers in order to develop the Fuzzy membership function is one of the possible approaches. The human navigation experiment is the experiment that gathers data from the human driver as they drive through designed paths. The speed, steering wheel angle, heading, and position of the buggy are collected throughout the human navigation experiments. Then, data used to calculate the mean and standard deviation for each membership variables. In order to study the performance of the developed Fuzzy controller, the simulation studies were developed. The simulations are executed by using LabVIEW software. The simulation uses data from human navigation experiments in order to simulate the Fuzzy controller performance. The simulation results are expected to show the minimum path tracking error. Path tracking error is defined as the distance between the vehicle center of gravity and the desired path. The negative path tracking error indicates that the vehicle is to the left of the path. The path tracking error is expected to less than 1 meter.


A new type of triiodo compounds synthesized by irradiation of p-chlorostyrene or indene with iodoform in the inert solvent is reported.


At age 13, 393 boys and 170 girls scoring at the top 0.5% in general intelligence completed the Scholastic Assessment Test Mathematics (SAT-M) and Verbal (SAT-V) subtests and the Differential Aptitude Test (DAT) Space Relations (SR) and Mechanical Reasoning (MR) subtests. Longitudinal data were collected through follow-up questionnaires completed at ages 18, 23, and 33. Multivariate statistical methods were employed using the SAT-M, SAT-V, and a DAT (SR + MR) composite to predict a series of developmentally sequenced educational-vocational outcomes: (a) favorite and least favorite high school class, (b) undergraduate degree field, (c) graduate degree field, and (d) occupation at age 33. Spatial ability added incremental validity to SAT-M and SAT-V assessments in predicting educational-vocational outcomes over these successive time frames. It appears that spatial ability assessments can complement contemporary talent search procedures. The amount of lost potential for artistic, scientific, and technical disciplines that results from neglecting this critical dimension of nonverbal ideation is discussed.


Delayed postpartum hemorrhage following cesarean section is a rare and life-threatening obstetric complication. Previous reports demonstrated that infection at the uterine incisional wound could unexpectedly lead to active bleeding. We present a case of severe delayed postpartum hemorrhage 28 days after cesarean delivery followed by an abdominal wound inflection. After emergent management such as: intrauterine gauze packing dilatation and cuettage were failed, a subtotal hysterectomy was required to save the patient.


Threats posed by drug trafficking from Afghanistan to Europe and Russia. The current and future development of the Caucasus route. Mechanisms of cooperation in countering drug trafficking from Afghanistan.


Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising technology for the production of clean hydrogen, long identified as a potential energy carrier for the much awaited hydrogen economy. Clean hydrogen is indeed capable of meeting the global energy demand placing minimal stress on the environment compared to hitherto combustion based technologies. Generation of clean hydrogen however, represents major challenges. Identification and development of suitable semiconductor materials as photoanodes exhibiting narrow band gap and superior solar-to-hydrogen efficiency (STH) combined with the desired PEC stability would represent a major breakthrough in the arduous path towards identifying and economically manufacturing commercially viable PEC water splitting systems. In addition to the photoanode, engineering of novel non-noble based cathode electro-catalysts with superior electrochemical activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) compared to expensive state of the art noble metal electro-catalyst (e.g. Pt) will significantly contribute towards further lowering the cost of PEC water splitting cells.
Keeping in line with these goals, a co-doping strategy was adopted in this study for generating photoanodes with systematic band gap engineering. Accordingly, the co-doping strategy was implemented to modify the band gaps of ZnO and SnO2, which exhibit good electron mobility but possess wide band gaps yielding poor PEC activity. It was demonstrated that by synergistically co-doping Co and N into the ZnO lattice, and Nb and N co-doping into SnO2 crystalline structure resulted in significantly improved light absorption properties offering 4-5 orders of magnitude higher carrier density contributing to remarkably higher PEC activity with the highest applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE) (~4.1%) obtained for (Sn0.95Nb0.05)O2:N-600 nanotubes (NTs). The optoelectronic and PEC properties of (Sn0.95Nb0.05)O2:N-600 NTs are further improved by developing novel 1-D bilayer structures of WO3 and (Sn0.95Nb0.05)O2:N-600. The novel bilayer composite heterostructures offered improved light absorption, high carrier density and efficient separation of photogenerated carriers leading to long carrier lifetimes. As a result, superior PEC activity and STH (~3.83%) under zero applied bias was achieved, which is the highest STH obtained so far compared to other well-studied materials such as TiO2, ZnO, -Fe2O3, to the best of our knowledge. The composite bilayer structure also showed superior PEC stability in electrolyte solution under illumination.
Furthermore, ultra-low noble metal containing non-noble metals based Co1-x(Irx) (x=0.3, 0.4) and completely noble metal free (Cu0.83Co0.17)3P:x at. %S (x=10, 20, 30) solid solution electro-catalyst systems have been studied as cathode electro-catalyst for HER. The synergistic interaction of Co and Ir as well as Cu, Co, P and S offered excellent electrochemical properties. Accordingly, Co1-x(Irx) (x=0.3, 0.4) displayed ~40% and ~93% improved electrocatalytic response compared to Pt/C. On the other hand, (Cu0.83Co0.17)3P:30 at. %S showed HER response similar to that of Pt/C. These results together indeed reflect the significant advances made in the pursuit of non-noble metal electro-catalyst for HER replacing Pt/C, the expensive albeit, the prevalent gold standard HER electrocatalyst.
 This thesis provides a detailed account of the fundamental study conducted into the synthesis, materials, characterization, photoelectrochemical and electrochemical response ably supported by first principles theoretical studies as required.


A rapid, inexpensive on-line technique for the analysis of stable isotopes of oxygen in organic matter and water is described. The oxygen in the sample is pyrolysed over nickelized carbon using a modified Unterzaucher technique and converted to carbon monoxide. Separation of the CO from N2 by gas chromatography before mass spectrometric measurement of the 18O/16O ratio allows application of the technique to nitrogen containing samples. The precision of measurements is generally as good as, or better than, that obtained with other methods (σ = 0.2‰ for n = 10). A major advantage of the method is its speed, each sample taking less than 7 minutes to analyse. The technique improves on those used previously, in being applicable to a wide range of samples including N-containing organic matter and water and in being rapid, simple and inexpensive while retaining precision. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


ABSTRACT Background Substance use is a clinical comorbidity resulting in poor prognosis, non-adherence and increased admissions in schizophrenia and related disorders. This study investigated differences in treatment preferences in hospitalized schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder patients with or without substance use. Method Retrospective recordings regarding patients hospitalized between July 2017 and July 2018 were obtained from a mental health hospital database. Results Younger people and males were prevalent in those reporting substance use. Total and involuntary hospitalization numbers were similar across groups. Admission to a psychiatry unit due to forensic issues was higher in substance users. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), long-acting injection antipsychotics (LAI APs) and clozapine use were more frequent in substance non-users. Total and involuntary hospitalization numbers predicted LAI AP use, while younger age, total hospitalization and illness duration predicted clozapine use. Substance use was predictive for clozapine use. Conclusions Substance use should be monitored in young, male cases with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. LAI AP, clozapine, and ECT use should be investigated more comprehensively in this group.


A kernel based intuitionistic fuzzy clustering algorithm named IFKCM was proposed on the basis of analyzing the deficiency of the existing clustering algorithm.The new algorithm,through introducing Gauss kernel,mapped the intuitionistic fuzzy sets from their original space to a high dimensional space(or kernel space),so as to have shorter computational time and more accurate result.Besides,it was robust to the noises because it improved the constraint conditions used in the existing intuitionistic fuzzy clustering algorithm.Finally,compared with the traditional algorithm,the proposed algorithm has made some significant progress,and the experimental result has proved its effectiveness.


cell lymphomas with immunophenotype similar to mantle cell lymphoma but negative for Cyclin D1 and t(11;14) are best classified as CD5 B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (B-CLPD) or atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia (aCLL). A French study [2] segregated CD5-positive, Cyclin D1-negative B-CLPD into 2 groups based on the intensity of CD20. Patients with dim CD20 profile represent a homogeneous subgroup very close to the B-CLL on morphologic, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic criteria. In contrast, they found the group expressing bright CD20 to be heterogeneous with a more aggressive course and non CLL like profile. Our patient's lymphoma demonstrated bright CD20 and no typical cytogenetic abnormalities for CLL. The presence of bone marrow and peripheral blood involvement just a year after initial presentation (leukemic phase) demonstrates the aggressiveness of his disease. This aggressive nature may also be attributed to the atypical co-expression of CD10 by the lymphoma [3]. This case demonstrates that further studies are required to properly classify and determine prognosis of CD5 non mantle cell, non CLL B-CLPD's and that provisions should be made in the WHO classification to accommodate these aberrant cases. Although a causal relationship between B-cell lymphoma and Hepatitis B virus has not been described to date, the possibility of chronic HBV infection as a trigger for monoclonal B-cell proliferation due to chronic antigenic stimulation may not be entirely speculative.


Myosin denaturation and cross-linking during the preheating process of Alaska pollack salted surimi at various preheating temperatures were studied. Thermal gel properties of preheated-gel and those after heating at 90°C were measured. At 15°C and 25°C, loss of salt- and urea-solubility of myosin preceded ATPase inactivation and cross-linking. At 35°C, a very quick ATPase inactivation and loss of salt-solubility was followed by a loss of urea-solubility of myosin. Myosin cross-linking reaction followed these changes. Preheating at these temperatures increased the breaking force of the two-step heated gel. At 45°C, despite a quick loss of ATPase and salt-solubility, urea-solubility remained high and no cross-linking was observed. Furthermore, there was no increment in breaking force upon preheating at this temperature. Thus, myosin aggregates, as revealed by the loss of urea-solubility as well as the cross-linking reaction, were important in improving thermal gel properties.


In 1997-2002 large scope soil excavations for construction of Business Center 'Moscow-City', Third Highway Circle and other large structures with deep foundations were carried out in Moscow. The soil excavated out of 180,000.00 m3 pits was dumped on a disposal site originally designed as a temporary soil storage site in the Southwestern suburbs of Moscow. Snow, ice and clots of frozen soil were left untouched and piling was effected over the frozen surface. This spoil heap was a mass of exceedingly wet sandy clay heterogeneous as to composition and density with low strength and deformation properties, including crushed concrete and bricks and tended to land sliding and self-compaction deformations. Erection of the hill can be divided into four stages, judging by differences in physic-mechanical properties of soils down the depth of the embankment (Fig. 1). Upon fulfillment of the 2 stage of excavation (Fig. 1 'b') at the end of the year 2001 the absolute mark of the top of the slope has reached 222 m, with the natural relief surface mid-mark making 177-178 m prior to heap excavation, and a heap height from its cone base has made 45 m. At the same time it was decided to use that hill as a standing ski-racing complex with a ski-jump. At the stage 'b' (Fig. 1) prospectors have made studies of physic-mechanical properties of the entire mass of fill-up soils and natural lower stratum as well by well-boring and static probing of soils for the ski-racing complex project design. Natural lower stratum (layers 2,3,6,7,9, Fig. 1) has physicmechanical properties as follows: layer 2 – low-pliant loams, layer thickness H=1.6 m, module of deformation Е=12 MPa, angle of internal friction φ=16, specific adhesion с=25 kPa, soil density ρ =19 kN/м; layer 3 low-pliant loamy soils with sand bands, H=3.1 m, Е=14 MPa, φ=17, с=37 kPa, ρ =19.7 kN/м; layer 6 low-pliant loamy soils with sand bands and gravel, H=3.6 m, Е=20 MPa, φ=18, с=36 kPa, ρ =20 kN/м; layer 7 stratified low-pliant ferriferous, H=2.5 m, Е=12 MPa, φ=15, с=40 kPa, ρ =19 kN/м; layer 9 low-pliant loamy soils with sand lens, gravel and pebble, H=43.8 m, Е=45 MPa, φ=18, с=42 kPa, ρ =21 kN/м. According to studies during the 1 stage 'a' (heap core) soils of relatively high density (16.0-16.5 kN/м) and wetness (W=0.22, φ=18, С=18 kPa, Е= 12 MPa) are evident. During the stage 'b' (Fig. 1), when the heap was erected to the mark 222 m, the heap composition was extremely heterogeneous. Results of lab and field investigations of the made grounds by static probing within basic part of the heap say that strength properties are closely related with type and composition of the made grounds. Accordingly, the angle of internal friction is increasing and specific adhesion is decreasing with the growth of soil particles. It should be noted that the surface layers of the slope appeared to be the 'weakest' part of the heap. In most cases, they were dumped onto the slope without compaction and are characterized by increased porosity and wetness and the lowest readings of density and deformation indexes for soils. Because of that landsliding processes developed at the steep slopes under breaking points occurred by increase of wetness of the filled loamy soils at the rainy autumn time or in spring under defrosting of snow bands and frozen soils. Extra loads due to increase of the heap height, dynamic impacts from the CONSTRUCTION OF FILLED HILL FOR DOWNHILL SKI RACING COMPLEX IN MOSCOW


In this study, joining of AlN and Al with compositional graded layer is made by centrifugal mixed-powder method (CMPM). The mixed-powder of AlN particles and Al particles is inserted into a spinning mold with bulk-shaped AlN, and then molten Al is poured into the spinning mold with the mixed-powder and bulk-shaped AlN. As a result, the molten Al penetrates into the space between the mixed-powder by the centrifugal force, and at the same time, the Al particles can be melted by heat from the molten Al. Then AlN and Al can be joined with compositional graded layer after solidification. Micromechanics-based analysis is also employed to understand the thermal stress relaxation by the compositional graded layer.


Spray‐coating is a versatile coating technique that can be used to deposit functional films over large areas at speed. Here, spray‐coating is used to fabricate inverted perovskite solar cell devices in which all of the solution‐processible layers (PEDOT:PSS, perovskite, and PCBM) are deposited by ultrasonic spray‐casting in air. Using such techniques, all‐spray‐cast devices having a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.9% are fabricated. Such performance compares favorably with reference devices spin‐cast under a nitrogen atmosphere that has a champion PCE of 12.8%. Losses in device efficiency are ascribed to lower surface coverage and reduced uniformity of the spray‐cast perovskite layer.


In order to solve the problems such as poor purification, complex circulation of well flushing and longtime of well flushing for well flushing fluid, in this paper, we design a four phase separation and back flushing high pressure well flushing vehicle and apply it to the actual situation. In this design, the floatation sedimentation oil-water separation technology, fiber ball rapid filtration technology, cyclone sand removal technology and the magnetic filtration technology are used to purify the return well flushing fluid as well flushing. These four phase matters include sediment, sump oil, rust and water, that are in the well flushing liquid and separated directly. Then the purified well washing liquid is injected into the well in closed circulation washing. The design is applied in the actual cleaning and purification of the well flushing fluid, and proved that the design is advanced and practical as the results are compared.


SUMMARY Cluster analysis of invertebrate communities in the Swartvlei estuary revealed that vegetated (Zostera capensis) sites were distinct from unvegetated ones. 'Indicator species' for the eelgrass group included Melita zeylinaca, Loripes clausus, Natica tecta and Palaemon pacificus, whereas those for the bare sand community were Urothoe pulchella, Callianassa kraussi, Iphinoe truncata and Pontogeloides latipes. Infaunal bivalves comprised >60 % of the invertebrate biomass at Zostera sites but 80 %) and was a minor component (<5 %) at eelgrass sites. The supratidal invertebrate community was dominated by Orchestia spp. which live and feed on wrack detritus. Litterbag experiments revealed that degradation of Zostera leaf wrack was rapid during the first thirty days after deposition but slow between 40 and 140 days. Laboratory experiments indicated that Orchestia consumption of wrack material could not accoun...


Shape optimization of concrete dams is a constraint nonlinear optimization problem. Since the failure mode of the monolith in concrete gravity dams is in tension, one of the main constraints is the tension stress limit under seismic loads. There is a new approach to check if the dam performance is safe andit is a more realistic method to observe the behavior of dams under earthquake load. According to this approach, the cumulative duration of the dam which passes the specific tension value during earthquake, should be below the allowable duration. This allowable duration is a function of the specific tension value.In this research, an innovative objective function was used to optimize the shape of concrete gravity dams by applying the new approach. This new objective function sets as one of the objective functions in multi objective method.A comparison between using this approach with multi objective and constrained optimization method in the rate of convergence reveals the advantage of employing the new objective function to find the optimal shape of concrete gravity dams under seismic loads.


Cubic α- and hexagonal β-phase lanthanide luminescent NaYF4:Eu3+/Tb3+ nanostructures with diverse morphologies were successfully synthesized via a mild solvothermal method. The effects of the synthetic parameters on the crystal phase structure, size and morphology of NaYF4:Eu3+/Tb3+ nanostructures were systematically investigated. By modifying the synthetic parameters, the crystal phase structure, size and morphology were well controlled, and the phase transition from cubic α- to hexagonal β- can be easily realized. Furthermore, the morphology evolution is revealed, and the surfactant modulating formation mechanisms with diverse morphologies was proposed. The photoluminescence properties were found to be in close correlation with their composition, phase structure and morphology. NaYF4:Eu3+/Tb3+ nanostructures possessing unique morphologies and highly efficient luminescence may find potential applications in optoelectronics, sensors and biolabels.


We propose a two-component soliton model for proton storage and transport in hydrogen-bonded quasi-one-dimensional chains. The model is investigated both analytically and by molecular-dynamics simulations. At 310 K we find that in certain regions of the parameter space it is possible, from realistic initial conditions, to excite a kink in the proton sublattice. For certain parameter values and initial conditions the kink is excited just to be annihilated shortly after. For other parameter values the kink continues to travel for much longer times. Therefore the presented model can explain the essential physics of proton storage as well as proton transport in hydrogen-bonded substances.


About a quarter (27%) of US families reported that medical costs had imposed a burden on their finances, said a new government report.1 It also noted that one in six families (16%) had problems paying medical bills and that one in 10 (9%) had bills that they were unable to pay.

In the report …


We propose a hierarchy of Bell-type inequalities for arbitrary $n$-partite systems that identifies the different degrees of nonlocality ranging from standard to genuine multipartite nonlocality. After introducing the definition of nonsignaling $m$ locality, we show that the observed joint probabilities in any nonsignaling $m$-local realistic models should satisfy the $(m\ensuremath{-}1)\mathrm{th}$ Bell-type inequality. When $m=2$, the corresponding inequality reduces to the one shown earlier [Q. Chen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 140404 (2014)] whose violation indicates genuine multipartite nonlocality, and when $m=n$, the corresponding inequality is just Hardy's inequality whose violation indicates standard multipartite nonlocality. Furthermore, several examples are provided to demonstrate their hierarchy of multipartite nonlocality.


【Objective】To observe the effects of different carbohydrates on growth performance and biochemical parameters in weaned piglets for selecting cut-price carbohydrate resource used in the diet. 【Method】 One hundred and twenty Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire piglets weaned at 28 days of age were randomly assigned to one of 5 treatment groups representing supplementation with corn (control group, CR), lactose (LAC), sucrose (SUC), glucose (GLU) and cornstarch (CS) at 6 percent of the total diet, respectively, to maize- and soybean meal-based diets. The experiment lasted twenty-eight days. Body weights and feed intakes were measured at the beginning and end of the trial. At the end of the experiment, the blood sample was collected from a male piglet from each replication for biochemical parameters assay, and then it was slaughtered to obtain duodenum and jejunum tissues for assay of disaccharidase activities. 【Result】ADG of gilts in GLU group was higher (P0.05) compared with the SUC group; F/G of gilts in LAC group was lower than those of CR, GLU, SUC groups (P0.05) and CS group (P0.01). The activities of lactase induodenum and jejunum chymes, in LAC group were higher compared with the control and SUC groups (P0.05), and GLU and CS groups (P0.01); there was no significant difference in maltase activity between the LAC and CS group (P0.05), but both higher (P0.05) than those of the other 3 groups; the sucrase activities in the CR, SUC and CS groups were higher (P0.05) compared with the GLU and LAC groups. In SUC group, the serum glucose concentration was higher (P0.05) than that in CS group, and the serum Ca2+ concentration was higher (P0.05) than those in CR and CS groups. There were no significant differences for other indexes among each group (P0.05). 【Conclusion】Glucose could be used to substitute for lactose completely or partly in the diet for weaned piglet,while sucrose or cornstarch not be used singly in the diet.


The invention discloses a light emitting diode (LED) flat lamp. A reflecting plate, a transparent plate and a diffusion plate are flat and sequentially superposed to form an optical superposed structure; the optical superposed structure is positioned on the base; LED light sources are positioned on the sides of the transparent plate; frames are sleeved at the edges of the optical superposed structure and fixedly connected with the base; a plurality of light guiding points are printed on the reflecting surface of the reflecting plate; rays emitted from the LED light sources are transmitted to the transparent plate from the sides; when the rays are transmitted to the light guiding points in the reflecting plate, the reflected light is diffused to each angle and emitted from the front side of the transparent plate, and the linear light sources are converted into area light sources; and the reflecting plate is used for providing the light guiding points and reflecting the light to the transparent plate to improve the using efficiency of the light, and glare is effectively prevented through the diffusion plate. Therefore, the lamp can emit uniform and soft light, and has high luminous efficiency; and compared with high cost of the light guiding plate in the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the technical cost for printing the light guiding points on the reflecting plate is low and the effect is the same.


Due to a disastrous accident, Christopher has spent a year of his life in a wheelchair. After a frustrating spell of sedentary existence, he is now determined to play basketball again on his disabled legs. A grueling challenge awaits him on the court.


Perpetrators of war crimes and crimes against humanity, and senior officials in notorious government regimes, can be deported from Canada. This study reports on the first complete and systematic empirical analysis of all finalized international criminality deportation cases in Canada. The analysis, a review of deportation cases finalized between January 2018 and July 2020, shows that Canada is using deportation law in place of, and instead of, refugee exclusion law. This means that scholars interested in Canadian refugee exclusion should play close attention to deportation law. This study also found that international criminality allegations were usually made against people for their involvement in problematic police, prison, or military institutions. Most international criminality deportation investigations were minimal and revolved almost entirely around a person's self-disclosures. This article concludes with a discussion about how deportation law and process makes international criminal law unique in the deportation context.


The development of the reservation system between 1849and the Civil War represents a transition in US Indian policy from removal to acculturation. This case study examines the two conflicting and basically incompatible underpinnings of the reservation system: removal (isolation)from the dominant group coupled with a program designed to acculturate Indians to the norms and values of the dominant group. Despite the efforts made by Indians on the Brazos Reservation in Texas to cooperate with the United States government's acculturation program, the reservation was destroyed by white settlers who refused to allow the Indians to live in their midst. The settlers destroyed the reservation even though it was to their economic benefit to keep it open. Thus, the article increases our understanding of the poorly-known formative years of the reservation system as well as the contradictions inherent in an institution that was designed both to isolate a minority group and acculturate it to the norms and values of the majority group. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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Freelancers work for companies, but also apart from them - at home, on site, or in shared workspaces. This chapter examines how clients and freelancers manage and organise the employment relationship at a distance. Utilising interview data with freelancers working in the Dutch creative industries, Henri Lefebvre's method of 'rhythmanalysis', Nitzan and Bichler's theory of 'capital as power', and John Holloway's understanding of human creativity as 'doing', the chapter examines the conflicting rhythms of freelance creative work. It shows that freelancers remain subject to traditional workplace-oriented structures of control, particularly in creative agencies. Freelancers' use of time must correspond to client processes of measurement and valuation. Different client relationships, and the proximity they imply, produce different rhythms of work. latter, 'doing' (that is the dominion of abstract economic imperatives of value and profit (Holloway, 2002: 45). The creativity in human doing struggles against its subversion in abstract labour, the homogeneous, undifferentiated time of capitalist production (Marx, 1990, and see Saad-Filho, 1997 for an overview). Holloway shows that creativity - 'doing' or 'power-to' - is something suppressed, denied and struggled for (2002: 47). Creativity, then, is treated here as a potential quality that exists but only in the mode of being denied. It can only ever be partly present, what Holloway calls 'not yet' (2002: 13) between industry, here synonymous Tischler's or business, here abstract labour and 'power-over', with their opposing time, temporality and rhythm. Henri Lefebvre's rhythmanalytical method (2004) provides a template for the study of this dissonance between, broadly defined, capitalism and human creativity. Rhythmanalysis is the study of the rhythms and repetitions of everyday life (2004: 73). It examines the different rhythms created when different social principles and practices meet. They produce either eurhythmy or arrhythmia depending on the success with which they interrelate. Creativity and power approximate to two such rhythmic poles. This chapter explores the various eurhythmy and arrhythmia that they generate (2004: 20).


Water waves are known to be the ultimate agents of failure of the deck of structures located near the shore lines. Coastal bridges, piers, jetties and docks are among these structures, which under certain environmental conditions, such as severe storms and hurricanes, may become exposed to destructive waves. The decks of these structures may partially be removed or completely washed out as a result of the wave-structure interaction. Examples are severe damages made to coastal bridges and jetties during Hurricane Katrina (2005) and Tohoku tsunami (2011). This Ph.D. defense is concerned with the theoretical calculations of two-dimensional nonlinear wave loads on a horizontal deck of a coastal structure located in water of finite depth. Two different approaches are used to calculate the wave-induced horizontal and vertical forces and overturning moment. One is based on the theory of directed fluid sheets, namely the Green-Naghdi (GN) theory of water waves, and the other is based on Euler's equations. The forces on the deck are calculated by integrating the timedependent pressure around the body. The presentation will cover an introduction to the theories, followed by the specialization of the equations to the problem of interaction of tsunami (solitary wave) and storm waves (Cnoidal waves) with coastal structure. Some results of these models will be presented and comparisons with the available laboratory experiments will be provided. In a parametric study, dependency of the nonlinear loads to the environmental and design conditions will be discussed. POST 723 Thursday, November 21, 2013 3:00-4:00 PM


Abstract Dehghani, F., Panjehshahin, M.R., Mirzaee, Z. and Mehrabani, D. 2005. Effect of Foeniculum vulgare organic extract on blood sex hormones and reproductive tissues of male rats. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 27: 17–20. To determine the effect of F. vulgare on reproductive system in male rats, forty male Sprague-Drawly rats were randomly placed in 4 equal groups. The control group received water and the remaining groups received 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg of organic extract of F. vulgare for 30 days. The animals were bled before and after medications and the blood, estrogen and testosterone levels were recorded. On day 30, the rats were sacrificed and dissected for histopathological study. Increase in the dose of F. vulgare administered to male rats resulted in a significant increase in estradiol and decrease in testosterone serum levels. Spermatocyte change from spherical to fussy form shape was visible in seminiferous tubules. Many nuclei in these cells were in metaphase stage. In higher doses of F. vulgare, hyalinizations of the tubules were also observed. It appears that F. vulgare can induce inhibitory effects on spermatogenic lineage in male rats.


group baseline differences, a post-hoc subgroup analysis of neonates born at 35 weeks gestation was performed. Results The MST group had significantly lower birth weights and gestational ages at birth than the SNT group. Baseline characteristics were similar between the 35 weeks gestation MST and SNT sub-groups. MST had a higher successful insertion rate (72% vs 40%; 95% CI for difference 10–50%; p=0.0046) and first pass success rate (53% vs 26%; 95% CI for difference 6–46%; p=0.014) than SNT. MST required significantly fewer skin breaks on average for every successful PICC than SNT (2.5 vs 5.6; 95% CI for difference 1.15–4.90; p=0.002). The logrank test (figure 1) demonstrated a significantly higher successful insertion rates with MST than SNT as the numbers of skin breaks increased (Logrank test p=0.003). Whilst there was a higher successful insertion and first pass success rate with MST in the 35 weeks gestion sub-group, these did not reach statistical significance. However, the logranks test reached statistical significance in favour or MST (p=0.015). The cost of the disposables for one MST attempt was £86.50 for 1Fr (n=10) and £103.90 for 2Fr (n=33) PICCs and for SNT was £38.50 for 1Fr (n=4) and £55.90 for 2Fr (n=31) PICCs. The total cost per successful PICC (or cost of all attempts divided by the number of successful attempts) in the study period were therefore £138.51 for MST and £134.78 for SNT. Conclusions MST is likely superior to SNT for PICC insertion regardless of weight and gestational age at birth. The costs per successful PICC for MST and SNT in this study were similar.


Osmotic fragility test (OFT) is widely considered as a sensitive indicator of red blood cells' sensitivity to the hypotonic solution. It is often used as a screening test for the diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis (HS). Nowadays, the osmotic fragility test based on flow cytometric analysis (FCM OF) is widely used in laboratory practice. The purpose of this study was to optimize the assay sensitivity and to validate its clinical application in the diagnostic screening of childhood anemias.


The Gippsland Basin is situated in southeastern Australia and is located about 200 km east of the city of Melbourne. Covering about 46 000 km2, two-thirds of the basin is located offshore where several giant oil and gas fields were discovered in the late 1960s (Figure 1). The basin developed into Australia's premier hydrocarbon province, maintaining that status until large scale hydrocarbon production on the North West Shelf was established in the 1990s. Most of the hydrocarbon accumulations in the Gippsland Basin are hosted by the Upper Cretaceous to Paleogene Latrobe Group, a sedimentary system that is dominated by marginal marine to lower coastal plain depositional environments. Remaining reserves are estimated at 400 MMbbl of liquids and 5 Tcf of gas (Geoscience Australia, 2012).


Chicken eggs are the most popular and nutritious food in human dietary.The production activities require investments that should create benefit for the business holder, especially for small-scale entrepreneurs with capital constraint and risks. The purpose of this study was to determine investment feasibility and to set alternatives in dealing with the risks on the small scale layer business. Survey method was implemented using 73 respondents selected purposively of small scale layer chicken business in Triwidadi village of Bantul district, Yogyakarta as the sample. Data were collected by direct interview to respondents using questionnaires that related to the research problem. Analysis of investment financial feasibility criteria's using Net Present Value, Benefit Cost Ratio and Internal Rate of Return, followed by sensitivity analysis in facing business risk.  The result revealed that the average number of birds raised was 1572 birds. The NPV was IDR 37,377,383 per 5 years of investment, B / C ratio more than 1 and IRR was 20.58%. Based on the existing production management, layer chicken investment by small-scale farmers was profitable, but farmers faced on the risk of losses due to increasing feed prices, decreasing egg prices, and increased mortality. In anticipating the risks, farmers should improve productivity so that the Hen Day Average of egg production at least was 77%, on the increase in feed prices and decrease in egg prices of 5%. Small scale layer businesses could provide employment and welfare for society of lower classes.


The concept of Channel Shortening (CS) is a well-known technique that has a rich history over 40 years. CS transfers linear vector channels such as multi-input multi-output (MIMO) and intersymbol interference (ISI) channels into ``shortened'' versions, for the purpose of reducing demodulation-complexity and improving data-transmission performance. The original CS idea can trace back to the minimum-phase filtering on ISI channels to concentrate channel energy into a first few number of channel taps, and afterwards truncate the remaining channel tails or mitigate the ISI according to the tails with fed back hard-decisions. Since then, many other CS techniques have been extensively developed through various criteria. The CS demodulators investigated in this thesis are based on maximizing the achievable information rate (AIR), which is also referred to as the generalized mutual information (GMI).This thesis comprises three parts, with AIR-maximization based CS extensively investigated both for reduced-complexity demodulation and precoding designs for wireless communication systems, and then followed by investigations on a newly envisioned system that is beyond traditional massive MIMO. In the first part, the designs of CS demodulators are considered for turbo equalization in linear vector channels with priori informations from outer decoder. Following that, a low-complexity reduced-state soft-output Viterbi equalizer (RS-SOVE) for ISI channels in a non-iterative receiver structure, and an AIR based partial marginalization (AIR-PM) detector for MIMO channels are introduced, respectively. In addition, a novel modulus operation based MIMO detection, namely, the modulus zero-forcing (MZF) detector, is proposed for boosting the detection performance of linear equalizers. In the second part, the CS idea is extended to precoder designs, and a generalized zero-forcing based dirty-paper (GZF-DP) precoder is developed for the broadcast channel (BC). Later, a linear precoder design is considered for MIMO-ISI channel, with priori information that receivers are using CS demodulation. In the last part, a new concept called "Large Intelligent Surface (LIS)" beyond a traditional massive MIMO concept is envisioned and its information-theoretical properties for both data-transmission and terminal-positioning are studied. LIS in its fundamental form uses the entire surface for transmission and reception of radiating signals, which provides ultimate limits that a traditional large antenna-array system can possible achieve within the same deployed surface-area. In addition, as the effective channel after a matched-filtering (MF) process can be modeled as a sinc-function like linear vector channel, the CS techniques developed in the previous two parts can also be applied to the LIS system. (Less)


In this study, the modified ultraviolet (UV) curable waterborne polyurethane was obtained from isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyethylene glycol (PEG, MW=600), α,α-dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA), hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and bisphenol A. The rigid moiety was introduced into the main chain of polyurethane to improve its heat-resist- ance. The copolymer structure was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Thermal property and UV curable behavior of the coatings were investigated. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the modified film was deter- mined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to investigate the thermal stability of the modified film. The results show that the average particle diameters increased from 69.25 to 95.12 μm as the content of bisphenol A increased from 0.00 to 9.25%. The optimum bisphenol A dosage was 7.23% (wt%), the Tg of the modified film increased by 7.07°C and 5% weight-loss temperature (233°C) increased by 14°C. The optimum irradiation time was 10-20 minutes after the coatings being painted on an armor plate at room temperature and initiator dosage was 5% (wt%) of the latex.


The chloride diffusive behavior of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) and of the bulk hardened cement paste (HCP) in concrete is studied at the microscale level and accounts for the coupling between diffusion and binding under steady state conditions. Plain HCP is also studied as a reference. All the microstructures are obtained using the cement hydration model CEMHYD3D, and the relevant diffusive parameters are upscaled from the microscale to the mesoscale using volume averaging. The phenomena characterizing the diffusive behavior of ITZ and bulk paste are identified and quantitatively evaluated.


Definition and characteristics of agricultural products with geographical marks are given. The problems in the management of agricultural products with geographical marks in Hainan are analyzed. The informationized management modes for agricultural products with characteristic geographical marks in Hainan are explored. Suggestions are given for the construction of products with geographical marks in Hainan Province.


Sustained-release gastroretentive floating matrix tablets of cephradine were prepared for better patient compliance. Eight different tablets were prepared by using two natural polymers, psyllium hu...


The urban climate as a social construction is understood as the result of the interrelationship between society and environment in the process of unequal production and reproduction of the aforesaid environment. In Brazilian cities – marred by social inequality —, this is a noticeable characteristic to leave traces in the urban landscape through socio and spatial segregation and the differentiated utilization of a given city. In other words, the above-mentioned elements reflect not only on the microclimate of the diverse neighborhoods but also on the city. Thus, the type of urbanization of high standard neighborhoods differs from the one of low standard neighborhoods in terms of afforestation, offer of urban equipment, size of domiciles, building material, among other characteristics. In this sense, this paper – The urban climate as a social construction in the context of the production of the peripheral urban environment in the East zone of Sao Paulo – aims to illustrate how the unequal production of the environment culminates in the production of different microclimates. This study is also intended to interpret the process of unequal production of the urban environment, its consequences in the urban climate – seen as a social construction.


Barley of three different volume-weights (VW) (light, 47.8; medium, 55.6; heavy, 66.6 kg hL−1) was subjected to two processing treatments (DR, dry rolled; SF, steam flaked) and fed to 192 yearling steers (avg. body weight 332 kg) at a level of 85% of the dietary dry matter (DM) in combination with barley silage (10.75% of DM) and mineral-vitamin premix (4.25% of DM) during the finishing period. No significant two- and three-way interactions were observed for any of the traits studied. Average daily gain (ADG) of cattle fed SF and DR diets was similar (P > 0.05) except during the first 27 d of the trial in which the SF steers gained 9.4% faster (P < 0.05) than the DR steers. Dry matter intake (DMI) of steers fed SF barley tended to be higher (P < 0.10) in period one and in period three than for those fed DR barley but was similar for both processing groups in periods two and four and overall. Dry matter consumed per unit of liveweight gain (DM/G) was similar for the two processing treatments during all per...


© Copyright by Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences © 2021 Author(s). This is an open access article licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Development of New Gluten-Free Maize-Field Bean Bread Dough: Relationships Between Rheological Properties and Structure of Non-Gluten Proteins


UNIVERSITY OF RWANDA COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED STATISTICS LEVEL V ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015 INTERNSHIP REPORT OF A P ILOTING STUDY CARRIED OUT IN HUYE DISTRICT UNDER SUPERVISION OF NISR FROM: 7 th July to 30 th July 2014 Prepared by: BIRASA Fabrice Registration N o : 12114403 Supervisor: JOHN KARANGWA NISR, Unit of vital and social statistics Department of Demographic and Social statistics Huye, 10 th October, 2014


The study examines the relational nature of early career management. It is driven by the dearth of research examining the impact of social influences on the early career outcomes of undergraduates who are in the transitory period from education to work. This is particularly important since the early foundations of career success literature usually relates to post-graduates, even though employment expectations are formed way before graduates enter the labour market (Scurry and Blenkinsopp 2011). The research also responds to the requests for researchers to examine the influence of the individuals' multi-developmental network on their career outcomes (e.g. Chandler, 2011 et al; Chandler & Kram, 2010; Higgins, 2000).

Design /Methodology

An online survey was sent to all second-year undergraduate students from a pre and post-1992 university (resulting in 793 responses). It was later followed up with the same students in the third year of their studies (resulting in 222 responses).

Results

Formal developers play an instrumental role in enhancing students' labour market awareness, career self-confidence and clarity of professional identity. Moreover developmental network dynamics such as a decrease in the number of formal developers was associated with lower levels of clarity of professional identity and career support.

Limitations

Data collected through self-reports.

Research / Practical implications

Formal developmental relationships and the emotional intensity of these relations shaped the perception of early career success of individuals in the transitory period of university to work.

Originality/Value

The study provides a relational approach to early career management by investigating the early career outcomes of multiple developmental relationships.


Two types of Rhizoctonia solani esterases induced by cutin hydrolysate were partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration. The esterase I with hydrolyzing activity toward both butyrate and palmitate and the esterase II with hydrolyzing activity toward only butyrate were inhibited by ebelactone B, an esterase inhibitor produced by actinomycetes with values of 0.01 and , respectively. Spraying on rice seedling with ebelactone B at a concentration of completely suppressed infection by R. solani. Ebelactone B could not protect the wounded rice seedling and did not show any inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. These results indicate that ebelactone B, an esterase inhibitor protects rice plants from infection with R. solani by inhibition of penetration, not through fungitoxic or fungicidal effect.


Current optical atomic clocks do not utilize their resources optimally. In particular, an exponential gain could be achieved if multiple atomic ensembles were to be controlled or read-out individually, even without entanglement. However, controlling optical transitions locally remains an outstanding challenge for neutral atom based clocks and quantum computing platforms. Here we show arbitrary, single-site addressing for an optical transition via sub-wavelength controlled moves of tweezer-trapped atoms, which we perform with $99.84(5)\%$ fidelity and with $0.1(2)\%$ crosstalk to non-addressed atoms. The scheme is highly robust as it relies only on relative position changes of tweezers and requires no additional addressing beams. Using this technique, we implement single-shot, dual-quadrature readout of Ramsey interferometry using two atomic ensembles simultaneously, and show an enhancement of the usable interrogation time at a given phase-slip error probability, yielding a 2.55(9) dB gain over standard, single-ensemble methods. Finally, we program a sequence which performs local dynamical decoupling during Ramsey evolution to evolve three ensembles with variable phase sensitivities, a key ingredient of optimal clock interrogation. Our results demonstrate the potential of fully programmable quantum optical clocks even without entanglement and could be combined with metrologically useful entangled states in the future.


Nowadays, the information update and change quickly, people rely on the on-line platform services. You could not only get the information but also trade products on the website. In Taiwan, there were lots of web sites with different kinds of style and design. The technology of building a nice web page is getting better than before. Unfortunately, homogenization makes no different to those web sites, consumers would ignore the importance of information. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of on-line store atmosphere elements on consumers' responses which include emotion, perceived quality and satisfaction. Specifically, an experimental design of on-line shopping website was established. The experiment was a 3 (website design: text / text plus product picture / text plus human picture) x 2 (website appeal: product description / storytelling) x 2 (time pressure: no time pressure/time pressure) between-subjects factorial design. The results indicated that (1) participants exposed to different website designs revealed significant different responses on emotion, perceived quality and satisfaction. Among three conditions, text plus product picture resulted in more favorable responses than text only ; (2) website design did not result in significant responses under time pressure ; (3) text plus product picture with directly describe appeal under time pressure resulted in the highest level of responses, followed by text plus human picture with product description appeal under time pressure.


In the United Kingdom tensions have existed for many years between the pedagogical traditions of pre‐school, which tend to adopt developmentally oriented practices, and the more formal or subject‐oriented curriculum framework of primary school. These tensions have been particularly acute in the context of Northern Ireland, which has the earliest school starting age throughout Europe. In response to international research evidence and practice, a play‐based and developmentally appropriate curriculum, known as the Enriched Curriculum (EC), was introduced as a pilot in Year 1 and 2 classes in over 100 primary schools in Northern Ireland between 2000 and 2002 and continued until the Foundation Stage became statutory for all primary schools in 2007. This paper outlines four key lessons that have been learned from the first four years of the evaluation of this experience. These include the value and the meaning of a play‐based curriculum; the importance of teachers' confidence and knowledge; teaching reading in a play‐based curriculum; and easing transitions in a play‐based curriculum.


Variable linear polarization has been observed in the optical radiation from two presumed X-ray binary systems, HD 153919 (= 4U1700 - 37) and HD 152667 (probably not OAO1653 - 40). This intrinsic polarization appears correlated with the orbital phase of the binary, but the polarimetric light curve shows variations from year to year. The Stokes parameter q, u light curves are consistent with the polarization being caused by the Rayleigh scattering of light from the primary by gas streams in the vicinity of the secondary. Several orbital and physical parameters of the binary systems are derived from the polarimetric observations.


This paper briefly review on the idea of inclusive development and regional policy approaches that could be considered more inclusive. It then focus on issues of uneven development in Malaysia and how inclusive development had been incorporated as the main goals of development and translated into strategies and measures. The discussion on regional development in Malaysia includes the resource based regional development policy in 1970s and the recent economic growth corridors incorporated under the Tenth and Eleventh Malaysia Plans. The paper provides some insights into global economic uncertainty and suggestions on the path ways to address spatial inequality within the uncertainty of the global economy by incorporating a more bottom up approach and endogenous oriented measures.


In Hideyoshi, Mary Elizabeth Berry has given us an energetic and exciting book. Its virtues are many: it is grounded in a thorough reading of the pertinent materials; it is carefully organized and sparkles with apt words and telling phrases; and it extracts meaning from the data with insight and sensitivity, in the process transcending the material to advance a bold and intelligent argument. In the course of advancing her argument, moreover, Berry confronts differing interpretations seriously, recognizes the ambiguities in the record, and leaves us enriched not only by the interpretation she forges, but also by a heightened awareness of other possible meanings of Hideyoshi's life. Hideyoshi is not a standard biography, for a good reason. Although he was born in 1536 (or 1537, if you prefer: p. 224, n. 1), reliable materials on Hideyoshi date from about 1574, and extensive information from a few years later. He died in 1598. In other words, two-thirds of his lifetime, the two-thirds that many biographers would consider most important to understanding the man, are lost to scrutiny. Not surprisingly, therefore, Berry has written a different sort of book, a more ambitious one, a seminal interpretation of Japanese political history, and yet one that does achieve much of what an ordinary biography might have sought to do, despite the forty-year lacuna. The author's thesis, for all its care and subtlety, is bold, cast in grand terms. If we may recklessly disregard her prudent qualifications, she is saying that Hideyoshi was the towering figure who grasped Japanese society in mid-course, rearranged it in a hectic decade of inventive activity, and sent it onward, organized in a new and durable manner. As Berry sees it, a millennium of political tradition had disintegrated by the mid-sixteenth century when Oda Nobunaga undertook to reverse the disintegration by pursuing "centrist" policies that ultimately were sure to fail from their own inner flaws. Hideyoshi, sensing the ultimate futility of Oda's techniques, employed policies utterly without precedent in Japanese history to forge a "federal" system that was capable of ending a century of warfare and giving Japan enduring peace. And it did, under Tokugawa auspices it is true, but in basics still the Toyotomi order. The book is a delight not only because of the sweep and thoughtfulness of its interpretation, but also because it restores "the great man" to a historiography that has been dominated for some time by the impersonal forces of economy and institution. And, even as it escapes the brittleness of such interpretations, it also places that human will in its social and political context, thereby saving the study from being a disembodied exercise in abstract thought.


Buttons open to the waist, skin gleaming with sweat, hair tousled, intriguing flashes of curves ... men on the covers of classic romance novels, or "bodice rippers", are objectified in many of the same ways that women are in gaming. Men are painted as brutal, sex-obsessed and not averse to a little (or a lot) of rape and pillage. Women are often portrayed as willing participants even as they pant "No".


Objectives: The purpose of this study is investigating curcumin role in mood alterations in male rats after spinal cord injury through focusing on the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome.
Methods: Fourteen  adualt male Wistar rats (220–250 g) were divided to five animal groups (n = 8 per group): Control: healthy animals which  received normal saline for 14 days; spinal cord injury: spinal cord injury-induced animals which received normal saline for 14 days; spinal cord injury + curcumin (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg/ i.p): spinal cord injury-induced animals treated with 3 doses of curcumin for 14 days. To assess the mood of animals, the elevated plus maze test, forced swimming test, tail suspension test, and open field test were performed. Graph-pad prism software was used for data analysis. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. P < 0.05 was statistically significant.
Results: Treatment with curcumin with two doses of 40 and 80 mg/kg increased open arm time and decreased close arm time as compared to the spinal cord injury group. The administration of curcumin (40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg) enhanced the altered behaviors. Spinal cord injury caused an increase in the protein levels NLRP3, ASC and Casp1 in the hippocampus of animals as compared to the sham group. Curcumin regulated the protein levels of NLRP3, ASC and Casp1 in the hippocampus of animals.
Conclusion: Depression is prevalent in person with spinal cord injury and our findings indicated that curcumin appears to constitute a suitable agent to reduce neuroinflammation and through it, relieve a depressive-like state.


The aim of this multimethod, longitudinal study was to examine similarities and differences in aggressive expression and prediction among school-aged boys and girls. The primary research sample involved 174 children (93 females, 81 males). They were in the fourth grade at the beginning of the study, and the fifth grade at its conclusion. Embedded in the primary sample was a subgroup of 20 children identified as being highly aggressive (ten males, ten females), and a subgroup of 20 matched control children. The research measures included teachers' ratings of aggressive behavior, peer-nominations/reports of prior conflicts, individual interviews/self-ratings, and extensive behavioral observations. Analyses of the concurrent relations among measures pointed to a "public" cluster of measures (including peer-nominations, behaviors, and teacher ratings) and relatively "private" measures (ie, subjects' self-evaluations). In the primary sample, significant developmental trends were detected in the teacher ratings with increasing gender differentiation as children grew older. Few gender differences were observed in the high-aggressive subgroup, but the aggressive and the matched control groups differed on virtually all comparisons. Gender differences in predictability were a function of risk status, with high-aggressive girls showing as much stability as high-aggressive boys.


767 centesis yielded 2,000 ml of bloody fluid which was positive for malignant mesothelial cells. Needle biopsy ofthe pleura confirmed the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. On bronchoscopy the right side was normal, but a lesion in the left upper lobe was found which yielded the diagnosis ofsmall cell carcinoma of lung. Treatment with chemotherapy and radiation resulted in resolution ofthe small cell carcinoma, but right-sided pleural effusion became recurrent, requiring three separate chest tube insertions and sclerosis with tetracycline. Thereafter, the patient developed a loculated effusion in the right lower chest requiring biweekly thoracentesis for reliefof intrathoracic pressure and dyspnea. A Tenckhoffcatheter was inserted under general anesthesia. The " peritoneal " end of the catheter was inserted into the loculated pleural space. The catheter was tunneled subcutaneously and the outer end brought through the skin on the anterior lower chest wall. The patient was taught to drain the catheter at home using sterile technique whenever he felt increased pressure in the chest. Patient remained symptom-free by drawing the effusion every third or fourth day. At the time of the patient's death four months later, the catheter had remained patent and functioning. Repeated thoracentesis and/or closed thoracostomy drainage and instillation of sclerosing agent are effective treatments in the majority of patients with malignant effusions.' Recently, the use of pleuro-peritoneal shunt has been recommended for recurrent effusions.. In all such approaches the underlying idea is to evacuate the effusion and achieve syinphysis between the parietal and visceral pleura. In chronic loculated effusions there is no symphysis between the parietal and visceral pleurae. None can be achieved short of decortication, a formidable procedure in patients with short life expectancy. Similarly, thoracentesis or closed thoracostomy tube insertion can not obliterate the unyielding pleural pocket; hence, recurrence ofeffusion is always the case. Since there is no risk of pneumothorax, such effusions can be drained to the outside without cumbersome water seal drainage, thus freeing the patient for normal activities. Indwelling catheters always carry the risk of migrating infection to the draining cavity. peritoneal cavity has not resulted in any significant subcutaneous or deep infection.67 The dacron cuffs, by causing localized fibrosis along the passage of the catheter, prevent migration of infection along the route of the catheter. This relative lack of infection has also been observed in the use ofindwelling vascular access catheters. The Tenckhoff catheter, though meant to be used for chronic peritoneal dialysis, …


By improving existing technology used in noise sensitivity, a novel adaptive blind watermarking algorithm is proposed. The embedding procedure operates adaptively in the domain of intermediate coefficients, according to the noise sensitivity. Robustness of it on selected attacks like Gaussian noise, median filtering, JPEG compression and cropping is tested. In addition, the perceptual transparency has been improved as well. Furthermore, the watermark can be detected without the original image.


Abstract Certain Holoptilini (Reduviidae: Holoptilinae) have long been believed to attract and paralyze ants through secretions released from a sternal structure on the abdomen termed a "trichome." In this study, the trichome for adults of Ptilocnemus lemur is examined in detail, the first time in any Holoptilini. The trichome comprises a median elevation on abdominal sternite 2, a transverse groove, a median projection on sternite 3, and four groups of setae and hair-like projections. The hair-like projections (hairs of group 3 and 4) are shown to be associated with a layer of glandular units, which may be the source of ant-attracting or paralyzing secretions. Apart from these glandular units, a second type of glands is present on the sternum. These so far undocumented glandular units are arranged in distinct areas on the pregenitalic sternites, and are conspicuous by their large pores. Nymphs of P. lemur do not possess a trichome, but the glandular areas on the pregenitalic segments are already present.


The following article focuses on the current process for criminal records checking in England and Wales. There are different rules for getting a criminal record check in Scotland and Northern Ireland. For more information about these, go to http://www.disclosurescotland.co.uk (for Scotland) and http://www.dojni.gov.uk/accessni (for Northern Ireland).


The authors considered the dermatoscopic vascular signs most frequently encountered in the practice of dermatologists, cosmetologists and oncologists in melanocytic and non-melanocytic skin tumors. The paper presents modern views on dermatoscopic diagnosis of skin tumors. Based on clinical experience and data from the literature, dermatoscopic features that occur in various melanocytic and non-melanocytic skin tumors are identified.


Hydrogels based on collagen and xanthan have found various applications as drug delivery carriers. The main strategy is to combine the traditional perspective of using essential oils with polymeric hydrogels in order to develop a potential dressing that provides wound healing for first-degree burn injuries. In this regard, the present study is aimed to develop textile materials with potential for use in the treatment of first-degree burn injuries by approaching the hydrogels based on xanthan gum and collagen as polymeric matrix loaded with essential oils (cinnamon essential oil, tea tree essential oil), propolis (hydroglyceric extract or with content of colloidal silver) and drugs (chlorhexidine, ciprofloxacin). A total of six experimental variants of hydrogels were synthesized and then were applied by padding method on a plain weave textile structure from 100% cotton. The functionalized textile materials were characterized by morphological and antibacterial point of view. The textile materials treated materials with all synthesized hydrogels based on xanthan and collagen as polymeric matrices have antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli test strains, the highest inhibition zone was provided by the samples loaded with ciprofloxacin (MUP3 and MUP4 code).


EVERY NURSE working in A&E or mental health settings will receive up to three days' training to help them cope with violent patients.


This paper describes a method of incorporating maximum population constraints and maximum service-employment constraints into a nonmatrix formulation of the Garin—Lowry model. The method involves checking for constraint violations at each stage of the model's iterations and modifying the relevant service or population attraction rate to prevent these violations.


In Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, the World Bank transport team has been working with the municipal road development authority and the transport police to streamline road safety considerations in the road infrastructure asset planning and management within a GRSF-financed technical assistance. The safer municipal road infrastructure initiative in Ulaanbaatar-Mongolia, is bringing a shift in perspective whereby the roles of the road engineers and planners in making the road infrastructure safer for the users are equally emphasized as those of the transport police.


Purification of lactic acid by reactive distillation (RD) is a novel technology which has many excellent characteristics compared with traditional technologies. This paper presented a non-equilibrium model for lactic acid purification RD pilot column. An Improved Separation Efficiency Function (ISEF) was proposed based on de-coupling and pseudo-homogenous assumptions, which greatly improved the solving efficiency and made this model suitable for practical application. Simulation results were consistent with the experiments in different conditions, and the simulation results outperformed the simulator ASPEN PLUS in which the equilibrium stage assumptions were adopted. The static characteristics of the pilot setup were also investigated.The analysis result could help to accelerate the commercialization of the lactic acid purification RD technology.


This paper intends to study consumer defense within spheres of regional integration, taking the Mercosur and European Union models as parameters, analyzing them and comparing, finally, the observations drawn from each one. For that purpose, initially, we will present the current tendencies of internationalization of consumer relationships and their correlation to the phenomenon of economic and politic integration at a regional level. It will be then demonstrated how the significant role played by the protection to the international consumer and the high levels of juridical security guaranteed to the vulnerable party of consumer contracts pose as propellers to the economic integration intended by regional blocks. Furthermore, we will indicate the intrinsic difficulties to cross-border consumption and the challenges faced by the attempts of harmonization and unification of the matter among countries. Then, we will approach, specifically, the organizations of Mercosur and the European Union, individually observed, as well as their institutional e juridical structure, their goals, their tools and mechanisms for promoting integration and, most importantly, their efforts to rule on consumer defense within their State Members and the results obtained in that sense. Here, we will analyze Mercosur's intergovernmental character and the supranationality of the European Union, in addition to its consequences to the integrationist goals held by the blocks, especially regarding consumer protection. Finally, through brief comparison of the methods applied and results achieved by each of these integration models, we will draw conclusions regarding the approach that best promotes consumer defense at an international scale.


Eighty, one-day-old commercial male broiler chicks (Ross 308), were distributed to four dietary treatments with two replicates of 10 chicks each, to study the effect of Synertox on broiler performance during aflatoxicosis. Birds were reared for 42 days. All birds were fed on diet with or without aflatoxin (AF) in feed, and with or without Synertox (ST) (enzymes, organic acids and yeast extract) in water. The treatments were as follow: T1 (0 ppm AF and no ST); T2 (2.5 ppm AF and no ST); T3 (0 ppm AF and 0.5 ml/l ST); T4 (2.5 ppm AF and 0.5 ml/l ST). Body weights and feed intake were recorded weekly. At 42 of bird's age, five birds were randomly selected for estimation of antibody titres against Newcastle disease (ND; for calculation of the relative weight of bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen as well as for scoring liver and kidney lesions. The results show that the total body weight gain through 42 days of rearing period that the gain was highest in T3. In the second order was the weight of the control group (T1), while in the third order was T4. The worst body weight gain was reported in T2, in which chicks fed AF. The same picture in body weight gain was obtained with feed consumption and feed conversion ratio. AF had a significant negative effect on the liver parenchyma of broiler chicks in treatment 2, by changing liver colour from mahogany to enlarged muddy or even to yellowish discolouration, with friable consistency with sub capsular haemorrhages. The addition of Synertox® was effective in restoring the normal red brown liver colour. Kidney were also affected by feeding AF (T2). They were enlarged, swollen and pale in colour. All lymphoid organs tested, thymus, bursa of Fabricius and spleen were negatively affected by feeding AF in broilers at 42 days of age. Synertox® was effective in counteracting the negative effect of AF on relative bursal weight, thymus and spleen relative weights. Aflatoxin had detrimental negative effect on the ND ELISA mean antibody titre. A significant restoring of ND antibody titre to those of control group (T1) was recorded by addition of Synertox® to the drinking water of broilers in (T4) compared with the AF fed T2 group. From the studied parameters it could be concluded that Synertox® could be used in counteracting the negative effects of AF on health and performance of broiler chicks.


POLAK M. 2010. Clutch and egg size variation in the coot Fulica atra breeding on fishponds in eastern Poland – test of the optimal egg dimensions hypothesis. Acta zoologica cracoviensia, 53A(1-2): 35-40. Abstract. Clutch and egg size variation of the coot, Fulica atra, was studied in eastern Poland from 2005 to 2008. The study areas were extensively managed fish farms in the Lublin region. A total 797 eggs from 106 clutches were measured during four nesting seasons. Mean clutch size was 7.52 ± 1.59 (range 5-14), modal clutch size was 7. Average values of the egg dimensions are as follows: egg length – 52.70 ± 2.33 mm, egg breadth – 36.52 ± 1.22 mm and egg volume 35.72 ± 3.44 cm3. Egg dimensions were positively correlated. No significant differences in clutch and egg sizes during the four seasons were found. This suggests that the environmental conditions in the studied fishponds during the study period did not change or had no influence on egg size. There was no significant relationship between egg dimensions and clutch size and the study does not support predictions based on the hypothesis of optimal clutch/egg size.


Objectives To evaluate the long-term changes in myocardial function after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) assessed by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Methods We investigated myocardial tissue peak velocities at the mitral annulus by pulsed wave TDI in 55 patients with stable angina before and 1 week,1 month and 1 year after CABG (43 with cardiopulmonary bypass on-pump, 12 beating heart off-pump) and 20 control subjects. Results TDI showed a marked improvement in diastolic left ventricl function after CABG. The early diastolic velocities were (6.7±2.6) cm / s, (7.1±2.6) cm / s, (7.7±2.1) cm / s and (8.2±2.3) cm / s before and 1 week, 1 month and 1 year after CABG (P0.05),respectively. There were no difference in the transmitral velocity profiels and in peak systolic velocity between before and after surgery. There was also no difference in diastolic function change between the on-pump and the off-pump CABG cohort. Conclusions Diastolic function improved immediately after CABG in patients with stable angina and further improvement was seen 1 year after the operation.


ABSTRACT A flow cytometry-adapted fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA) assay to detect IgG antibodies against varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was developed and tested in 62 serum samples, showing 90.32% accuracy obtained from a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with a 0.9125 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.829 to 1.00) area below the curve compared to the result with standard FAMA.


This panel will discuss the demographics, preparedness, and jobs of recent Masters graduates from IS programs in the United States in the context of digital disruption. First, we will review results from the Information Systems Job Index, a longitudinal national project, which in 2017 assessed more than 2100 recent IS graduates from 58 universities across the nation. Next, the panelists, all of whom have extensive experience managing and developing nationally recognized graduate programs, will discuss implications focusing on placement and salary, demographics, knowledge level and jobs, especially in light of the opportunities and threats posed by digital disruption. The panel is unique because for the first time the discussion will be informed by data from the IS Job Index. The results of the panel will influence the management and teaching of existing graduate programs in IS, analytics, healthcare, and other areas as well as the development of new programs.


In this monograph, a methodology is developed to identify opportunities for improvement in the decision process, based on the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) approach, applied to a Conformity Assessment Body, whose main function are to assess compliance with certain technical regulations, according to the sector to which it belongs. As an organization that provides a service, the OEC case study, has identified problems in the delivery reports to the clients, establishing that the main gap is in the decision process, name that receives the final stage of the process, after the auditors make final delivery of the report in which they record the findings of the third party of audit. This process is not finalized in the time expected by the client and it is perceived that there are "waste" activities that needed to be eliminated to make deliveries activities to the customer.


The history of aviation is linked to the research and development of different physical and mathematical scientific fields. In our historic aviation records good examples can be found of studies and implementations. These cover not only new unconventional and disruptive aircraft configurations, but also the research and introduction of new materials and processes to make the airframe lighter and stronger. Also there have been continuous developments are available in the prediction of the aerodynamic loads that size an airplane to be safe, stable, controllable, and with adequate flying qualities. Today there is a growing social demand to minimize environmental impact in all industrial sectors. Our aviation industry is also under this scrutiny. This is the reason why new requirements are emerging as ecosustainability, in addition to compliance with the safety and certification requirements together with the challenges of being global economical competitive in an increasingly demanding world. In this line, it is remarkable to state that aircraft fuel consumption, and thus emissions of carbon dioxide, is directly linked by three key aircraft parameters, Breguet formula related: weight, drag and specific consumption of the power plant. The development of technology innovations in these three drivers must continue and this has to be approached from a multidisciplinary perspective. This keynote focuses on summarizing the influence of the improvements in different aeronautics disciplines enabled by novel materials and additive manufacturing process, based on the introduction of a non conventional morphing curved rudder in a transport aircraft configured with under the wing podded engines. In particular, the morphed structure manufacturing and assembly aspects are detailed. Miguel Á. Castillo Acero


THE WOMEN'S MOVEMENT constitutes a call of the Church to profound renewal in its ministry, a renewal which broadly affects the structures of the Church and asks for a deep conversion in persons. Before Vatican II, Catholics who thought "Church" thought hierarchy. This emphasis had placed laymen and all women, so far as social expression of Church was concerned, in a passive stance, dependent upon the initiatives and continuing directives of the clerical order. Movements resulting from lay persons' dynamic relationship with God in prayer and reflection on daily experience were deflected into roles and limited by rules which expressed the perceptions of a totally male hierarchy and sense of ministry. Vatican II stirred hearts by its insights, steeped in biblical tradition, into the nature of the Church. The Church is mystery, is a sacrament of union with God and of unity of persons, is people related to God through Christ, is ever anew responding in the Spirit to the signs of the times. Women in particular resonated with this teaching, experiencing a sense of being Church in a dimension which was new to them. The earlier emphasis on roles which had separated women from the Church as hierarchy gave way before the Council's teaching on "the exalted dignity proper to the human person." "The rights and duties" of the person "are universal and inviolable." These include " the right to choose a state of life freely . . . the right to education . . . to a good reputation . . . to activity in accord with the upright norm of one's own conscience . . . ." 3 The call to end discrimination by reason of sex indicated that woman was to be included in the full dignity to be accorded the person. These teachings, together with the whole cultural movement towards a fairer valuation of woman, awakened in women a new consciousness of their potential. As they grew in self-respect, they experienced a new sense


In China,many main measures are applied to mitigate the disasters of debris flow and landslide,including planting tree and forestation,sealing mountain region,protecting vegetation in mountain region.In recent years,some fatal disasters of debris flow and landslide have occurred in Xinping county,Yingjiang county and Longchuan county of Yunnan province,and so on.After investigating,we discover that there are high covered vegetations in these regions,these facts indicate we must lucubrate the function of vegetation in the formation of debris flow and landslide.Through primary research,when rainfall is small,the high-covered vegetation can restrain the formation and scale of debris flow;but when rainfall is over a certain value,the high-covered vegetation will magnify the scale of debris flow.The normal measures to control debris flow can't meet with the requirement of society development.According to the formation cause and dangerous characteristics in high-covered vegetation region,three measures have provided as follows, 1)deeply enhance the forecast research of debris flow;2) set up auto rainfall alarm setting in the key regions;3) according to big floating wood,a series of structures are presented to mitigate the disaster of debris flow.


In this case study on Girls Unlimited (GU) and the Toronto Youth Cabinet (TYC), I investigated three sub-problems: the history of youth engagement with these organizations; their different methods and levels for youth engagement; and their strengths, barriers, and recommendations to youth engagement. Using document analysis, participant observation, focus groups and interviews I found that GU engaged its youth through 'Youth Leadership' (provided leadership and capacity building opportunities), while TYC youth members are engaged through 'Youth Organizing', (encompassing youth development, youth leadership, and civic engagement components). The levels of participation the GU and the TYC youth are experiencing were 'Placation' (a level of tokenism) and 'Delegated Power' (a degree of participation) respectively. Results also showed that organizational related and youth related barriers are dominant for youth engagement, while organizational, intergenerational, and youth related barriers are all important and need to be addressed when enhancing meaningful youth engagement. R eproduced with perm ission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without perm ission. DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to all those who have been and are working to enhance youth engagement. This includes all the youth (the Girls Unlimited Real Leaders and Toronto Youth Cabinet members) and adults (the community partners and key staff members) I have met throughout this process — you are all true leaders in this field and your insights have been invaluable to this thesis. To Thien, Min Ae, and my parents (Alan and Felicity): I am sharing ownership of this thesis with each of you because it was your love and support that inspired me to return to school and kept me motivated right to the end. I truly appreciate your daily encouragement and efforts in making this process as easy as possible— I love you all. I also write this in memory of Jenny: your spirit and admirable strength has guided me throughout this entire journey. R eproduced with perm ission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without perm ission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you to all those who have contributed to this process, whose combined support and advice have been invaluable to this thesis. I would like to especially thank Girls Unlimited, the Toronto Youth Cabinet and the Laidlaw Foundation whose staff, youth, and partners have shared with me their resources and insights. I would also like to give special thanks to the support staff of the University of Windsor's Department of Kinesiology (especially Diane, Pat, and Kathy), Graduate Studies, and the Research Ethics Board for always taking that extra step to make this experience as transparent and easy as possible. To my committee members, Dr. Marge Holman, Dr. Andrew Templer, and Dr. Jay Johnson: thank you all for your support and guidance. To my advisor, Dr. Vicky Paraschak: thank you for always believing in me and encouraging me to keep going. I chose to go to Windsor because I wanted to work with you and now I am graduating because I did. Last but definitely not least, I wish to thank my friends and family, who have been incredibly supportive and kept me smiling throughout this entire process — especially Matt, Babs, Eileen, Loretta, Danielle, Shawndra, Mirixi, the "Girls", Rick, Brian, Sandy, Adrian and Alex. Each of you made this experience so much more enjoyable! R eproduced with perm ission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without perm ission. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................................... iii......................................................................................................................... iii DEDICATION.................................................................................................................... iv AWKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................................v LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES................................................................................. xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................................xii CHAPTERS


This study aimed to find out how environmental education influences promising practices for sustainability and conservation in Aceh, Indonesia. We investigated how educational initiatives influence environmental stewardship awareness, knowledge, and action. Lacking environmental care and nonsensical practices requires propelling sensibility and assurance through regular tutoring. This study aimed to ascertain the efficacy of environmental stewardship education programs. This study employs a mixed-methods approach that combines qualitative and quantitative methods to investigate the impact of environmental education on practices that promote sustainability and conservation. Surveys and questionnaires, interviews, and observations are used to gather information about participants' knowledge, attitudes, and actions. The information gathered was then examined and deciphered to give bits of knowledge into the adequacy of ecological instruction programs and distinguish regions for development. After participating in environmental education programs in Aceh, the participants' knowledge, attitudes, and actions toward conservation and sustainability were found to have improved. In conclusion, environmental education is crucial in promoting sustainability and conservation practices. Raising awareness, fostering knowledge, and inspiring action empower individuals to become stewards of the environment, contributing to a more sustainable future. Based on the findings, enhancing environmental education initiatives in Aceh Province is recommended by strengthening partnerships among educational institutions, NGOs, and government agencies. Integrating practical hands-on activities and community engagement can promote sustainability and conservation practices.


The paper illustrates the results of an experimental program which deals with dynamic tests on a shaking table of a two-storey, one-bay frame, equipped with dissipative bracing systems. After a description of the general criteria used for the design of the test structure and the definition of the characteristics of the special bracing system, the results of the tests are presented and compared with results obtained by a numerical model of the structure.


SUMMARY (1) A model of the interaction between a cinnabar moth population and its food plant, ragwort, developed by Dempster & Lakhani (1979), is further analysed here, (a) by studying the effects of changing various parameters on the model populations, and (b) by testing the model with data from localities other than Weeting Heath. (2) In the model, the ragwort increases with increasing rainfall, but the moth numbers cannot increase indefinitely because of density-dependent dispersal. (3) The observed mean rainfall at Weeting Heath (1966-1977) is just below that required to maintain the ragwort population. Variation in rainfall may be an advantage enabling the plant to multiply during a good year, and so increasing its chance of surviving periods of low rainfall. (4) The cinnabar moth numbers in the model are robust to variations in egg mortality and potential fecundity, but sensitive to changes in the larval and pupal survival. Since survival is food-limited, the fluctuations in the moth numbers are dominated by the pattern of rainfall.


By analyzing the serious harms for personnel,ships and public facilities caused by of LNG(liguefied natural gas) leakages due to LNG vessel accidents in operational processes,a flow chart of accident sequel is put forward.Based on this and Sandia National Laboratories′ studies,possible maximum damage sizes in conditions of different collisions and human errors are obtained,which offer a theoretical base for the calculation of LNG leakage amount.


The paper gives an overview of about recent developments in modeling, numerical analysis and design of piezoelectric controlled smart structures. Then, the theoretical basis of a general purpose finite element simulation tool developed by the authors is presented. This tool contains a number of coupled thermo-electro-mechanical 1D, 2D, 3D as well as layered plate and shell finite elements for simulating controlled structures in static and dynamic applications, where also optimization algorithms (e.g. for actuator location) can be included. Finally, three examples; i.e., actively controlled beam, vibration isolation of a box, and vibration isolation of a plate as part of an excited cylinder structure, are presented to demonstrate the capability and efficiency of the simulation and design tool.


Changes in the chemical composition of developing Cabernet Sauvignon berries from salt-treated and low-salt vines were followed. Although salinity advanced the timing of veraison, the sequence of changes in the salt-affected berries remained the same as in berries from control plants, viz. concentrations of abscisic acid and reducing sugar increased before proline, arginine, potassium and chloride increased, and before acidity declined. The contribution of these substances to osmotic changes within developing grape berries is discussed.


The relationship between party competition and electoral participation has been the object of considerable study.l Interpretations, however, are almost as varied as the quantitative results. An obvious challenge lies in the complexity of party competition. Questions arise, for example, not only as to whether closer competition tends to be associated with higher turnout but also as to whether turnout varies with biparty and multiparty types of competition. There is, of course, sheer informational value in determining whether participation is higher or lower with bipartism or multipartism; but there is little theoretical basis for assuming that participation should vary either way under the different competitive situations. How such covariation may itself be related to the determinants and consequences of competition and participation is still another question. Samuel P. Huntington is one of the few scholars to have examined the relationships between party competition and electoral participation from a comparative perspective. The purpose of this article is to test Huntington's propositions using returns for the first four general elections in India.2 Along the way, I shall attempt to clarify some ambiguities in