The approaches considered by the authorities, generally enforced, during the "Covid 19" pandemic regarding the state of national and international tourism have been characterised as excessive and controversial not only from an economical point of view but as well as from a cultural and functional one, and they must be analysed from a sociological perspective. The shortage of medical, organisational and human resources, the lack of mental preparation of medical workers but as well as that of the population in terms of preventing massive losses led to the rapid destruction of what we used to call tourism. From a sociological perspective the world-wide blockage was mainly caused by the superficiality of the prevention methods adopted and by their radicality that blocked the entire economy. By this article I try to approach from a from a sociological point of view the "pandemic" effects that that have influenced and are still influencing tourism. In extenso, the plethora of factors like public transportation, hospitals, workplace and so on have provoked the rapid spread of COVID-19 virus and the impact was ravaging for the hospitality industry due to the fact that the client in his role of tourist received only negative signal, signals of fear and uncertainty. The controversies regarding different fields of national and international tourism are various in number, but the present interest lies in COVID-19 virus and a consequence of this plague is the foreclosure as opposed to the fact that by imposing the right measurements and by protecting this field in a composed way without letting panic to reach the population it would have been possible to at least mentain a constant level of activity in tourism and as a consequence a steady national and international economy. Furthermore, I want to issue the assumption that if there would have been a propper crisis-management on a national level, even on international one, a partnership between the government and the private sector, meaningfull aid coming from government towards the people, employees, antreprenours, elders, lower-class families, private inverstors, not only that from an economical point of view tourism could be saved but also a "positive aura" could have been built in the psyche of the individuals and that would have helped them to have a diffrent type of confinment. For excample, a 10 days stay in a highly reviewed an alternative method - provocative, peacefull and safe- but to acomplish this the hoteliere should revise the concept on which a touritic package is built (by offering services as therapy, medical check-up and so on). The motto of the new concept could be the old saying "A healthy mind in a healthy body" -"Mens sana in corpore sano" in this way the panic, fear and seclusion could be replaced with cultural work and the right to mental wellness with the help ground-braking touristic offers. From a sociological perspective, in order to have a healthy mind in a healthy body or in order to strengthen our immune system, we, the ones that form the contemporary society should exploit outdoor activities, relaxation time, travelling, living, all this leading to the reinforcement of tourism


We define a metric theory of gravity with preferred Newtonian frame (X^i(x),T(x)) by
L = L_{GR}
+ \Xi g^{mn}\delta_{ij}X^i_{,m}X^j_{,n}
- \Upsilon g^{mn}T_{,m}T_{,n}
It allows a condensed matter interpretation which generalizes LET to gravity.
The \Xi-term influences the age of the universe. \Upsilon>0 allows to avoid big bang singularity and black hole horizon formation. This solves the horizon problem without inflation. An atomic hypothesis solves the ultraviolet problem by explicit regularization. We give a prediction about cutoff length.


Single-phase VO2 thin films were synthesized via pulsed laser deposition method on C-sapphire and R-sapphire substrates.The structure properties of VO2 thin films under different experimental conditions were characterized by X-ray diffraction.The results show that single-phase VO2 thin film can be prepared in 15 minutes,at 600 ℃,10-2 torr pressure of oxygen.The laser energy impacts on electrical properties of VO2 thin films are discussed.Experimental results show that the VO2 thin films prepared at the laser energy of 500~600 MJ has the best electrical properties.


The relationship between the media literacy education and the influence of literature can be seen from two aspects:one is that the existence of literature in modern media environment calls for the media literacy education,and the other is that the media literacy education will help raise the aesthetic level of the public literature.This relationship shows that the full play of the role of literature is not only related to the disseminated information itself,but also to the recipient's ability to literary awareness and the level of the use of media,as well as the media literacy education.


Aim:  To assess the effectiveness of oral misoprostol compared with methylergometrine in the prevention of primary post‐partum hemorrhage during the third stage of labor.


Relaxation of thermal-remanent magnetization and isothermal remanent magnetization of spin glass in Cd& "Mn"Te diluted magnetic semiconductors have been studied at different conditions. Magnetization relaxation can be described by a power-law decay, M(t) =Mpt (f & to and to=2 s) with small values of a or a logarithmic decay M(t}=MD(1—a lnt) (t & to and to=2 s). Temperature and applied magnetic-field dependencies of the decay parameter a have been measured. The above-band-gap photoexcitation has been used to generate free carriers (electrons and holes) in the sample and their effects on the spin-spin interaction of Mn ions have been studied. The dependence of the power-law decay parameter a on excitation light intensity has also been measured. It is found that a is proportional to the photogenerated carrier concentration. Furthermore, aging effects in the spin-glass state have also been studied by varying the time duration of the applied magnetic field. The transient responses of magnetization in the spin-glass state upon applying a magnetic field in the dark and under illumination have been measured and are found to follow a power-law time dependence, M (t) =MD+ M l t~. Temperature and the applied magnetic-field dependencies of the transient parameter P have been measured. A mechanism, involving an increased spin domain size under light illumination via free-carrier-Mn spin interaction, can explain our results very well.


This report is connected with my MSc. thesis currently under work and builds on my report 026 (30.9.99) in this series. The thesis forms part of my investigation on the feasibility of creating an authoring help tool for controlled language use in technical manuals. In this report I look at the research I have undertaken to this end. I have limited the scope of my thesis to investigate the properties of various programming languages to determine the best possible candidate for the task of building a prototype for technical writer's help tool. It forms the initial stage of finding out the language requirements and will be further refined with iterative techniques during prototyping. inSGML-project / SLe Software Assesment Report, Document no. 039 University of Jyväskylä 30.03.2000 ________________________________________________________________________ 2 1. Research Process The present study is part of the inSGML research project conducted by the University of Jyväskylä together with several major organisations and companies to test and customise methods for the SGML standardisation process mainly for industrial purposes. My research aims to find ways and means to help the development of appropriate processes and methods to help technical writers in their role of producing SGML based technical documentation. The use of controlled language is envisaged as helping the technical writer to realise some of the potential SGML based information offers. For this reason, methods and applications are needed to integrate the controlled language in the SGML based document management process. 1.1 Research problem and methods The problem which has cropped up regularly when producing O&M instructions has been the maintenance of technical quality and linguistic standards: the writers' skills and backgrounds have varied greatly owing to the fact that, for designers, technical writing has been secondary to their primary activity as designers. Task distribution (technical writers vis-à-vis designers) and standards (controlled language) are now being considered as the solution for this problem. My research is concerned with the implementation of controlled language in the SGML environment. The research was to focus on the improvement of the O&M instructions' quality: supporting and guiding the technical writers' use of controlled language with a support tool was the general aim. Establishing the requirements to initiate the prototyping of such a tool became the goal to realise in this research. My original plan was to find out the requirements for the technical writer's help tool and then create the appropriate tool to test the hypothesis that it is possible to help the technical writer in his/her task with a controlled language help tool. Evolutionary viewpoint was gradually adapted with the advancement of the study. As the point of the evolutionary method is not to get it right the first time, but to get constant feedback for improvements, it was decided that the original hypothesis would be tested only after the iterative prototyping phase had been completed. That, however, would have taken more time than was available. It seemed that the process of maintaining evolution through appropriate feedback in the tool adaptation should first be tackled. Feedback would have to be easily understandable and probably visual. inSGML-project / SLe Software Assesment Report, Document no. 039 University of Jyväskylä 30.03.2000 ________________________________________________________________________ 3 1.2 Action Research (AR) This latter consideration shifted the focus on methods to be employed. Although I had not consciously envisaged using action research for the task, the research started exhibiting more and more of its characteristics. It could be justified only in a larger framework as a part of ongoing research: it was lacking in many respects if viewed as a complete, clearly separable unit of research. One important justification given by Salminen and Karjalainen (1999) for the use of action research is for collaborative development in which industrial and research organisations participate. Her example concerns the planning of a doctoral thesis related to a collaborative research undertaking: organisations are rarely prepared to commit themselves to a collaboration of several years. As a result, the work need to be divided into smaller units, each of which is manageable regardless of possible major changes in the organisation. Conversely, discoveries and other emergent issues may prolong the research effort, which without any modularization may render an individual's time-limited contribution incomplete. Action research does not contradict the evolutionary approach. There is an element of unpredictability and emergent properties in both, an evolutionary path is clearly distinguishable. Reflection, looking back at what have been done and learning lessons from it and possibly re-orientating the research is a central element in action research and gives rise to new ideas and discoveries of emergent properties. There is a fine line between the terms emergent properties, lessons learnt and rationalisation, though. The latter is generally considered as having negative connotations. For example, my shift to action research might be seen as rationalisation, but I would prefer to see it as becoming aware of the characteristics of the research while practising it. This is because it was explicitly stated only after the first iteration of the action research cycle had already been completed. Action research cycle (Figure) has a certain resemblance to prototyping in its iterative sequence. The main parts of the cycle are with Koch's definitions based on Susman and Evered (1978): • Diagnosing: identification and definition of an improvement opportunity or a general problem to be solved in the client organisation • Action Planning: consideration of alternative courses of action to attain the improvement or solve the problem identified • Action Taking: selection and realisation of one of the courses of action considered in the previous stage • Evaluating: gathering and classification of relevant research evidence based on the implementation of the selected course of action • Specifying learning: study of the evidence obtained in the evaluating stage and, based on this study, knowledge building in the form of models describing the situation under study inSGML-project / SLe Software Assesment Report, Document no. 039 University of Jyväskylä 30.03.2000 ________________________________________________________________________ 4 Figure: Phase 1: First I teration Method Elicitation Phase 2: Second I teration Initial Programming Language Requirements Specifying Learning stage in this phase corresponds to Chapter 6 (Specifying Learning – " Research Assessment" ) Phase 3: Third I teration – Refinement of model architecture PHASE 2 PHASE 3 PHASE 1 Specifiying Learning inSGML-project / SLe Software Assesment Report, Document no. 039 University of Jyväskylä 30.03.2000 ________________________________________________________________________ 5 1.3 Dzida's Taxonomy Dzida's (1987) taxonomy of interfaces, deemed appropriate for the present task, gave rise to logical order of proceeding in the quest for a suitable tool and in the determination of requirements. 1. Organisation inter face (Human-human and humancomputer distribution of functions) The way the people have organised their work between themselves and between themselves and the computers within their own organisation, i.e. work distribution or work practices. The tool suggested should fit within this organisational framework, unless it is feasible to alter the framework. 2. Tool Inter face (Application-user application and application-application interface) A new tool when selected may not adapt easily to the existing legacy software and, as the result, its interfaces need to be modified. The user application is the application the user is in direct touch with. It has to be compatible or it has to be made compatible with the software that it needs to interact with. However, this tailoring might have to be extended down the line to the inter-application level. 3. Dialogue Inter face (User-user interface) This is what is usually referred to by 'user interface'. Underlying computing processes that might confuse the user are hidden from the view and the functionality important to the user is emphasised, usually through the use of metaphors. The user interacts with the computer or with another user through the computer. The resulting questions arising out of this taxonomy were: 1. What are the organisational requirements for a new tool? 2. What is needed to integrate the proposed tool with the existing tools? 3. What are the main user tasks related to this application? These questions in turn solidified into the following main requirements: • Work enviroment's requirements • Application requirements • End-user requirements inSGML-project / SLe Software Assesment Report, Document no. 039 University of Jyväskylä 30.03.2000 ________________________________________________________________________ 6 In addition, it was felt that the application developer, the same person who was to elicit the requirements, had his own legitimate requirements also. This requirements aspect is not adequately addressed even by Sutcliffe (1996), although he sets for himself the task of relating the task analysis to the information analysis. This is due to the fact that the designer or the gatherer of the requirements is generally not included in the system. It was an issue that needed to be addressed in the process. 1.4 Modified Kiviat Diagrams Kiviat diagrams allow visual comparisons to be made between various properties. The domains considered may range from business to environment and everything in between. The concept is based on polar representation of data and can be used in many different ways. I have used it here to reduce the compl


We demonstrate single-shot kHz SPIDER measurements of 3 cycle laser pulses from a gas-filled hollow fiber with subsequent compression. A remarkably low mean shot to shot pulse duration variation (21 as) is seen from these pulses.


1Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China; 2Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China; 3Urology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China; 4Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China; 5Emergency Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China; 6Department of Urology, Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, People's Republic of China


Part 1 of this paper represents an introduction into the multi-resolution wavelet analysis. The wavelet-based analysis is an exciting new problem-solving tool used by mathematicians, scientists and engineers. In the paper, the authors try to present the fundamental elements of the multi-resolution wavelet analysis in a way that is accessible to an engineer, a scientist and an applied mathematician both as a theoretical approach and as a potential practical method of solving problems (particularly, boundary problems of structural mechanics and mathematical physics). The main goal of the contemporary wavelet research is to generate a set of basic functions (or general expansion functions) and transformations that will provide an informative, efficient and useful description of a function or a signal. Another central idea is that of multi-resolution whereby decomposition of a signal represents the resolution of the detail. The multi-resolution decomposition seems to separate components of a signal in a way that is superior to most other methods of analysis, processing or compression. Due to the ability of the discrete wavelet transformation technique to decompose a signal at different independent scaling levels and to do it in a very flexible way, wavelets can be named "the microscopes of mathematics". Indeed, the use of the wavelet analysis and wavelet transformations requires a new point of view and a new method of interpreting representations.


[1] We investigate transient magnetic reconnection (flux transfer events, FTEs) in the cusp and its ionospheric signatures. We present in situ observations by the Polar spacecraft of multiple impulsive plasma injections and related magnetopause crossings in the outer stagnant cusp of the northern hemisphere. At this time the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) was northward, dominated by strong By (−11 nT). Plasma injections are observed in the direction of the magnetic tension force due to the IMF By and resemble the "time of flight" energy-latitude dispersion. Associated magnetopause crossings exhibit large magnetic field rotation (>150 degrees) and strong depression of the field magnitude (down to several percent of the value in the magnetosheath). We use conjugate observations from the Greenland magnetometer network and Sondrestrom incoherent scatter radar together with the Polar UV imager to show that the transient reconnection causes a direct response of cusp auroral brightness and ionospheric convection in the direction consistent with the IMF By polarity. The observations, in space and on the ground, are consistent with a sequence of bulges launched by transient reconnection. We present a qualitative model of the bulge structure that is consistent with most of the Polar observations during the studied interval. Conjugate ground-based observations provide additional evidence for transient reconnection and are consistent with the ground signature of FTEs.


This paper describes the system we developed for IberEval 2017 on Classification Of Spanish Election Tweets (COSET) task. Our approach is based on a weighted average ensemble of five classifiers: 1) a classifier based on logistic regression; 2) a support vector machine classifier; 3) a Naive Bayes classifier for multinomial models; 4) a Guassian Naive Bayes classifier; and 5) a classifier implementing the k-nearest neighbors vote. Each such classifier was choice taking into account its contributes to the success of the system. The aim is to design a approach by using a voting method, where individual classifiers can have weaknesses. The performance of the ensemble is compared to the individual classifiers, and the experimental results show that the ensemble has better results.


1. A D A M S , M. H. (1963): Bacteriophages. Interscience Publishers Ine, N. York. 2. B E R T A N I, G. (1959): Studies of Lysogenesis. The mode of phage Liberation by lysogenetic Escherichia coli, J. Bact. 62, 3. 3. B E R G E Y , S. (1957): Manual of determinatiive bacteriology, seventJi edit., Bal timore. 4. B O R D E T J. et B O R D E T P. (1965): Bacteriophagie et variabilite microbienne. Ann. Inst. Pasteur 72. 5. B R A D L E Y , D. E. et K A Y , D. (1960): The fine struoture of bacteriophage. J. gen. microb. 23, 553—563. 6. B R A U N — B L A N Q U E T , J. (1970): PflauzeusobiolOigle, 3e edition. Springer, Wiien, New York. 7. C O L L I N S , E. B. (1957): Action of Bacteriophage on mixed strain starter cul tures. II Relation to acid produotionof the proportion of resistant bacteria, J. Dairy Sci. 35. 8. D E M E R E C , M. F A N O , U. (1963): Bacteriophage resistant mutans in E. coll. Genetics, 30. 9. D E A N E, D. et N E L S O N , F. (1961): Multiipde strain Bacteriopihage infection of commercial Lactic Starter, J. Dairy Sci. 35. 10. K A Y , D. et F I L D E S, P. (1961): The calcium requirement of typhoid Bacte riophage, Brit. J. exp. path. 31. 11. L I N D E R , R. W U R E K , TH (1967): Bull. Sec. Bact. Nord. Fr., Lille, 20. 44—50, Gyn. Obst, Paris 66. 12. M A N W E L L , I. (1948): Inhibitory strains of lactic streptococci and their siignlfioiance in the selection of culture for starter, J. Dairy Res, 15, 3. 13. G E L IN , M. (1970): C. R. Sci., Paris, 270, 4 2 5 ^ 2 7 . 14. S I N G E R , E. (1971): The Bacteriophage lambda, Ed. A. D. HersMey, Cold Spring Harbord Laboratory. 15. W H I T E H E A D , H. H U N T E R , J. (1958): Starter culture for cheese manu facture. Maintenance of acid producing activity in ouLtures of lactic strepto cocci, J. Dairy Res. 10.


Piezoelectric actuators (PEAs) are wildly used in high-precision nanopositioning systems. however, the inherent hysteresis nonlinearity seriously degrades the tracking performance. Bouc-Wen model is employed to describe the hysteresis in this paper. The radial basis function neural network(RBFNN) is adopted for the online approximation of disturbance-like term separated from Bouc-Wen model, which transforms the time-varying term into the learning of RBFNN weight matrix. An adaptive multiple-surface sliding mode controller is developed by Lyapunov function, and the tracking error can be converged into the preselected boundary layer. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.


ABSTRACT We present a design for a junior level numerical methods course that focuses on a series of five open-ended projects in applied mathematics. These projects were deliberately designed to present many of the ambiguities and complexities that appear any time we use mathematics in the real world, and so they offered the students a variety of possible approaches, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Because these open-ended problems lacked the normal cues that tell students how to get started, they were very effective at revealing student misconceptions, and illuminating weaknesses in their understanding. Further, they were very effective at challenging the strongest students, without leaving the weaker students behind. All students were required to write up their work on each project into a formal paper. This not only taught the valuable skill of mathematical writing, but was also an important step in teaching more organized thinking skills. Over the course of the semester, the students developed impressive abilities at dealing with these sorts of realistic problems. The students became more systematic in their explorations, and more aware of the different methods that they were forced to choose from at each stage in the project.


A study was undertaken to know the genetic potentialities of genotypes belonging to three different races of Oryza sativa L. Fifteen wide compatabile genotypes including 11 tropical japonicas and four indicas were crossed with three each of indica and japonica genotypes in a 'line x tester' mating design. The resultant four types of hybrids viz., tropical japonica x indica (33), tropical japonica x japonica (33), indica x indica (12) and indica x japonica (12) were evaluated for mean performance and combining ability effects for different yield component traits. Based on mean performance and gca effects, four genotypes viz., IR 66154-48-1-3-1, IR 66159-23-2-2-1, ASD 16 and Langi were adjusted as best. Multiple crosses involving these four genotypes would yield good segregants with all economic traits along with wide compatabile genes, which could be used as improved varieties or parents in heterosis breeding programmes involving inter-racial crosses. The hybrid ASD 16 x Langi, with high additive effect, is suggested for recombination breeding to obtain better segregants with high grain yield and wide compatabile genes.


To investigate the crack growth characteristics of diffusion bonded(DB) laminates of TC4 titanium alloy with ?6 centered hole, the reduplicated fatigue tests for 8mm thick TC4 plate, three-layer DB laminates and three-layer DB laminates with localized ?12 no-welded area were conducted under the constant amplitude fatigue stress inserted periodically with marker load. The crack growth(a, N) data were obtained by quantitative fractography. The analysis on the failure surface shows that the typical semi-elliptic surface crack are found for the 8mm plate; the untypical semi-elliptic surface crack for the 3-layer DB laminate; the corner quarter-elliptic crack for the localized no-welded DB laminate whose crack growth could be divided to three phase. The comparison on the da/d N-a curves of those coupons shows that the crack growth characteristic of the DB laminate has no difference with the 8mm thick plate, while the localized ?12 no-welded area decreases the crack growth rate and improves the damage tolerance property of the DB laminate.


Transparent thin film transistors were fabricated on n-Si wafers coated by Al2O3/SiO2. Zinc tin oxide (ZTO) films deposited by rf magnetron sputtering were employed for active layers. The mobility (μs), threshold voltage (VT), and subthreshold swing (SS) dependances on ZTO thickness were analyzed. The VT decreased with increasing ZTO thickness. The μs raised from 5.1 cm /Vsec to 27.0 cm/Vsec by increasing ZTO thickness from 7 nm to 12 nm, and then decreased with ZTO thickness above 12 nm. The SS was proportional to ZTO thickness.


* Professor of Law, University of Miami. I thank the Dean Rex Perschbacher and Associate Dean Kevin Johnson of the U.C. Davis School of Law for their generous support of the conference that this Symposium memorializes. I thank also all the sponsors and participants at LatCrit IV, all the authors, and the U.C. Davis Law Review staff, who collectively brought this symposium into existence. I thank also the LatCrit community that recently has begun to coalesce, making this discourse possible. All errors are mine.


Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the analysis of pharmacokinetics and tissues distribution of eleutheroside E(ELU E)and eleutheroside B(ELU B)in rat after having taken eleutherococcuss injection.Meth- ods:Protein from the biological sample was deposited using acetonitrile.ELU E and ELU B were extracted from the biological samples using acetonitrile,separated by solid-phase extraction,and eluted from the cartridge using 60% methanol.The analysis was performed on a Kromasil ODS column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)at 25 ℃,using water -acetonitrile as the gradient mobile phase and 0.8 mL·min~(-1)flow rate.The gradient mobile phase consisted of water-acetonitrile(beginning from 90:10 programmed to 80:20 with 15 minutes,then programmed to 50:50 with 10 minutes)at a flow rate of 0.8 mL·min~(-1).The detection wavelength was 220 nm and 206 nm for ELU E and ELU B.Results:Blood drug level-time cuvers of ELU E and ELU B in Wister rats following administration of an eleutherococcus injection into femoral vein were shown to fit a three-compartment model.The half-life(t_(1/2)) was 4.66 h for ELU E and 2.49 h for ELU B.After a single injected of eleutherococcuss injection,the concentration of ELU E and ELU B was followed as in order C_(liver)C_(kidney)C_(spleen)C_(heart)and C_(kidney)C_(liver)C_(heart).Concentrations of ELU E and ELU B were higher in the liver and kidney,this fact shows that both ELU E and ELU B are metabo- lized and excreted primarily from the liver and kidney.Conclusion:We believe the method described in the present paper can be used for the pharmacokinetic studies of ELU E and ELU B in rats.


DHA,docosahexaenoic acid,commonly known as the"Golden Brain",a very important polyunsaturated fatty acids belonging to Omega-3 fatty acid family,plays important functions in human body.With an increasing understanding towards DHA,more and more attention has been paid to DHA,and the demand for DHA has increased greatly.DHA is widely applied in health products and food industry.Recently,the addition of DHA into solid drink has become a new application trend.The function and development status in solid drink of DHA was reviewed.


The present invention relates to a method of communicating between a primary station and a plurality of secondary stations, the method comprising: providing a plurality of primary station resource sets; secondary station to the primary station arranged on at least one of the plurality of search control search spaces channels, each search space corresponds to a set of resources, wherein at least a portion of the search space for a control message is transmitted to the secondary station, the control message indicating the resources allocated to the secondary station for transmission to the master station or receive data from the master station, and wherein the secondary station deduced from a portion of the search space for transmission of control messages from said plurality of sets of resources, the resources allocated set of resources indicated positioned therein.


Field-programmable system-on-chip (FPSoC) devices, combining high-performance processors and FPGA fabric in the same chip, are currently a leading technology in the design of complex digital systems. Since design times are longer than those of systems based on graphic processing units or standalone processors, many efforts are being devoted to develope efficient compilers from high-level languages. Even though, efficient processor-FPGA communication is still an important open issue. To contribute to this area, this article presents an extensive characterization of the processor-FPGA communication delays in Zynq-7000 devices. Although partial analyses of communication performance in these devices have been reported, this is the first work to address very important issues such as the use of DMA for data transfers or the effect of L2 cache controller settings and external RAM controller settings. As a result, data transfer rates are analyzed considering all parameters that influence them. The performance of Zynq-7000 devices is also compared to that of Cyclone V devices, hence covering the two most important current families that dominate the FPSoC market. This information is of utmost importance for designers to optimize processor-FPGA communication and, in turn, the performance of their FPSoC-based systems.


The invention provides a high-power motor which can take the cooling effect of a motor and the volume of the motor into consideration in a balancing manner, and the high-power motor is used for solving the contrary, existing in the whole cooling effect of the motor and the volume of the motor, of the existing high-power motor adopting a water cooling manner. According to the high-power motor provided by the invention, the advantages of two cooling manners, namely a mounted air-water cooler and an adopted water-jacket-type framework, are combined through arranging water jackets with axial flow channels outside a stator and arranging air conduits in the stator and a rotor, the whole motor is small in volume and light in weight; the contact areas between the stator and cooling air and between the rotor and the cooling air are large, so that the stator and the rotor can be effectively cooled; a certain contact area exists between the stator and the cooling water jackets, so that the stator can be more effectively cooled; and meanwhile, the opening, close to one side of a centrifugal fan, of a second axial air conduit of the rotor can be selectively closed fully or partially as required, so as to conveniently regulate the total flow of the cooling air and control the whole required cooling effect of the motor.


Nowadays, it is becoming increasingly apparent that gut microbiota plays an important role in the 2 prevention and development of metabolic diseases. Several bacterial species habit the human 3 intestine and live in symbiosis with the host. During the last decades, abundant evidence arose 4 confirming an active role of the microbiota in human metabolism. Hence, the disruption of the 5 gut ecosystem might promote the development of metabolic disorders. This review aims to 6 elucidate the current evidence regarding the mechanisms through which the gut microbiota may 7 contribute to the protection or development of metabolic diseases. It specifically focuses on 8 obesity, type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and the potential 9 interventions involving microbiota for preventing metabolic diseases. 10


A new approach to extract the lesion region of melanoma is presented. This approach is based on color morphological operators which are defined from a lexicographic order on the HSI color space. The morphological filtering allows highlighting the region of melanoma that is then segmented by binarization. No a priori knowledge about the process of image acquisition and the type of melanoma is employed and a few heuristics are used. Tests were performed for two sets of benign and malignant melanoma images and compared with the ground-truth lesion segmentation by applying twelve metrics. The results prove the efficiency of this approach with regard to the automatic segmentation of both benign and malignant melanoma.


Abstract A commercially available lactic acid bacteria (LAB) reference standard (EZ-Accu ShotTM Lactobacillus rhamnosus) was evaluated for its suitability to be used in the microbiological proficiency test (PT) schemes that are utilized within brewery microbiological quality systems and protocols. The test material was evaluated for homogeneity, stability, and culturability on several routinely used beer-spoiler detection media using membrane filtration (MF). Mean numbers of CFUs were calculated and subjected to statistical analysis. The coefficient of variation (CV) value in the homogeneity test (10.6%) showed that the test material was sufficiently homogenous, and the pellet-to-pellet variation was acceptable. The P-value in the stability and culturability test (p > 0.05) showed no statistically significant differences between variables, indicating that the microorganisms in the pellet would be stable during long storage and transport and that the culturability on different beer-spoiler detection media are comparable. In conclusion, this study suggests that EZ-Accu ShotTM L. rhamnosus is suitable as a test material for microbiological PT schemes in breweries.


Objective To report a newborn case of congenital idiopathic chylopericardium associated with chylothorax about its clinical features,ancillary diagnostic tests,treatment and prognosis.Methods A newborn case diagnosed with congenital idiopathic chylopericardium associated with chylothorax was admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University.Its clinical features,treatment and follow-up data were analyzed,and a brief review of the literature was presented.Results Bulk chylopericardium associated with chylothorax was detected with ultrasonography in fetus during antepartum.The child presented no obvious symptoms after birth.Chest X-ray demonstrated enlargement of the cardiac silhouette (cardiac/chest ratio was 0.75).Echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion.Computed tomography of the chest did not reveal any lesion obstructing the thoracic duct.The chylous nature of the fluid was confirmed by demonstration of chylomicrons and high levels of triglycerides at puncture pricardiocentesis.After pericardial drainage by pricardiocentesis for three times failed,a catheter was left in the pericardium for drainage.Two days later the patient was cured.At 1 week and 1 month after operation he was doing well and echocardiography did not reveal any signs of recurrence.Conclusion Primary idiopathic chylopericardium is a rare clinical entity with obscure etiology.In most cases chylopericardium is only confirmed by pericardiocentesis.Pericardiocentesis and pericardial drainage are effective conservative treatment options.Surgery should be considered for the patients with recurring chylopericardium.


The syntheses and structural characterizations of the vanadium and niobium monohalide tricarbadecaboranyl complexes 1-(η 5 -C 5 H 5 )-1-Br-2-Ph-1,2,3,4-VC 3 B 7 H 9 (1), [1-(η 5 -C 5 H 5 )-1,1'-μ-Cl-2-Ph-closo-1,2,3,4-NbC 3 B 7 H 9 ] 2 (2), [1-(η 5 -C 5 H 5 )-1,1'-μ-Cl-2-Me-closo-1,2,3,4-NbC 3 B 7 H 9 ] 2 (3), and commo-Nb-1-Cl-(4-Me-1,2,3,4-NbC 3 B 7 H 9 ) 2 (4) are described. X-ray crystallographic studies of 1, 3, and 4 confirmed that they are monohalide complexes in which the V 3 + and Nb 3 + ions are sandwiched between cyclopentadienyl and/or tricarbadecaboranyl monoanions. These compounds are analogues of (η 5 -C 5 H 5 ) 2 VX and (η 5 -C 5 H 5 ) 2 NbX but, unlike their metallocene counterparts, are air- and water-stable, further illustrating the unique ability of the tricarbadecaboranyl ligand to stabilize complexes with the metals in lower oxidation states.


The principal characteristics of a 1500-passenger coastal catamaran, the largest displacement-type catamaran in China, are described, including its seakeeping qualities, structural configuration and strength analysis.


Despite the fact that nineteenth and twentieth century biologistic and Social Darwinists theories of race have been dispelled, the social residue of white supremacist ideologies continue to have social and political implications throughout American society. America's racial hierarchy, and whiteness as a social and racial construct instantiated within it, against which every other group of people has been relationally situated, has helped not only to define non-white racial subjects in inferior terms, it has also guaranteed a perpetuation of race-based structural and social inequalities in United States of America. African American Studies, Critical Race Theory, Whiteness Studies, and most recently a body of Normalcy scholarship have examined not only the immensity and reach of power that 'whiteness' has a construct in American society, but the ability of this construct to operate in society as an invisible and largely un-interrogated force. This is because of how whiteness is often represented as neutral, disinterested, and normal. This dissertation examines three early twentieth century African American cultural producers


On the Shoulders of Giants: An Historial Review. Circular Orbits. The General Problem of Two Bodies. Elliptic Orbits. Rockets. Energy Relationships: Hyperbolic and Parabolic Orbits. Kepler's Equation and Lambert's Theorem. Orbital Maneuvering of Spacecraft. Elements of Spacecraft Dynamics. Planetary Exploration. General Perturbation Theory and a Specific Application to the Motion of the Planet Mercury. The Motion of Earth-Orbiting Satellites. The Problem of Three Bodies and the Stability of the Solar System. Appendices. Index.


Compositional gradient ferroelectric materials can significantly influence both the microstructure and macro-electrical properties by introducing strain gradients. In this work, we design and fabricate bi-component symbiotic KTa1–xNbxO3 single crystals via growing at the liquid level using the top-seeded solution growth method. The bi-compositions lead to an integration of two sets of phase transition temperatures, coercive fields, and lattice parameters, etc. Interestingly, the polarization microscopy and piezoelectric force microscopy (PFM) results show that domain structures are coherent across the boundary. In addition, there are large flexoelectric fields (Eflexo) at the boundary, which can impact the polarization orientation and electric properties. Thus, the special crystal system provides some potential insights, such as the fabrication of both ferroelectric and metal materials and also the design and manufacture of piezoelectric and optical functional materials.


This exploratory case study focused on how perceptions and practices of one school in an urban school district in Colorado supported or hindered access to equitable programming for gifted, culturally linguistically, diverse learners. As a result of data collected, the researcher created a conceptual model based on the convergence of culturally responsive pedagogy (Gay, 2010) and multicultural gifted competencies (Ford and Trotman, 200 l ). The researcher also suggests a new lens through which to critique gifted education as a system.


France mobilized approximately 100 million francs annually during 1987- 97 to combat HIV/AIDS in Africa. During 2000-01 45 projects are underway or being developed in 28 countries representing an investment of slightly over 200 million francs. French policy in this area supports a partner-based regional approach to strengthen North-South and South-South networks greater awareness of the problem the involvement of nongovernmental partners and HIV-infected individuals the development of applied research and program sustainability. France intends to step up its efforts against HIV/AIDS in Africa by allocating 10% of funds to be freed from canceling poor countries' debt. The scale of the war against AIDS now needs to be enlarged to bring millions of Africans currently feasible comprehensive AIDS management approaches. These topics will be among those discussed during a conference to be held with France's initiative next December in Dakar to try to draft agreements between drug manufacturers and international organizations upon access to AIDS treatments. UN Special assembly goals will also be considered at the conference particularly to reduce the prevalence of infection among newborns and youths aged 15-24 years.


Objective:To assess the efficacy of decalcified heterogeneous(cattle)bone matrix (DBM) on the healing of dental sockets and alveolar bone rebuilding. Methods:18 dogs' bilateral mandibular fourth premolars were extracted, the test group(left sockets)was filled with DBM, while the control group(right sockets) was left without any treatment. 6 dogs were sacrificed at the end of the 4th、12th and 24th week respectively. Dog heads were scanned by spiral CT.CT values of sockets and heights of the alveolar crest absorption were measured by multiplane reconstruction (MPR)technique.The new tissue formed in sockets were sectioned for histological observation. Results:①At all time points, CT values of the sockets in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P0.05); ②At the end of the 4th week, heights of the alveolar crest absorption in the test group was less than that in the control group, but the difference between the two groups had no statistical significance(P0.05). At the end of the 12th and 24th week, heights of the alveolar crest absorption in the test group were significantly less than those in the control group(P0.05); ③At the end of the 4th and 12th week, the new bone formations in test group were better than those in control group. But at the end of the 24th week, there was no significant difference between the two groups. There was no significant inflammatory cell infiltrating during the whole process. Conclusion: Filling heterogeneous DBM in dental sockets can promote healing of sockets, preserve height of the alveolar crest, benefit for later dental implantation and prosthetic rehabilitation.


Chemical knowledge plays a central role in the economical and social development of a nation. Chemistry is considered a key science, which provides the means and meanings that fuel the advancement of other fields of knowledge. However, the public image of chemistry is often associated with negative facts and misconceptions. This paper addresses and discusses the public image of chemistry with two case studies: the public image of chemistry depicted in two major Brazilian newspapers and the Brazilian project for the International Year of Chemistry (IYC). Analysis of the newspaper data strongly suggests that the public image of chemistry is related to both the way news is written and the ability of the reader to identify the chemical knowledge actually present in the text. Analysis of IYC related data in the second case study depicted an optimistic panorama for the divulgation of chemistry at both national and local levels. A model for broad and effective initiatives for dissemination of chemistry is discussed. The need to keep science divulgation as the top agenda of the scientific community is also highlighted.


Experiments with human cancer glioblastoma multiforme cell lines, primary patient samples, and preclinical mouse models are performed to show that αvβ8 integrin and RhoGDI1 are components of a signaling axis that drives brain tumor cell invasion via regulation of Rho GTPase activation.


A simple method for separation, identification and sex ratio diagnosis of mixed Trichogramma species was described in this paper, and four kinds of egg parasitoids (Trichogramma confusum Viggiani, Trichogramma.ostriniae Pang et Chen, Trichogramma raio Nagaraja and Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja) of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) were clearly identified with this method.


"Case methods in marketing are most prevalent in introductory courses on marketing management but they can also be used advantageously in marketing research courses. When used for marketing research courses, the role of the case may change. Besides being used to put students in the position of an executive who must develop a corporate plan of action, marketing research cases frequently develop scenarios that provide an opportunity to use marketing research skills. Cases can be used to illustrate and supplement all phases of the marketing research process, from problem formulation and survey research through model building. In this paper, a particular kind of case, one that is computer assisted, is discussed. The paper does not pretend to be a review of computer assisted cases, instead it is merely a structured presentation of methods that the author has employed in teaching marketing research courses. The paper is in two parts. First is a classification of different ways in which cases can be computer assisted. For the sake of order, these ways are described as Levels I, II, and III though this enumeration is not intended to imply a normative hierarchy. Following the presentation of case methods is a short comment on some issues which must be faced if a university decides to institutionalize computer assisted cases in their curriculum. "


The increasing number of data sources that are usedfor decision support in business meant it was necessary to integrate all sources and the ir unique representation to a user. The sources we may want to integrate can be internal (local databases, etc.) or external (Internet, etc.). Each one of these sources may have a difJerent query language, with a difJerent syntax, difJerent semantics and querying power. Because of this difJerent kinds of problems may arise. The most common problems are inconsistency, partiality of data, and conjlicts between sources. We need a language powerful enough to solve those problems. In this paper 1 will show the way to solve these problems using a logic-based language HiLog as a mediator language. DifJerent strategies to solve these problems will be presented, as well as HiL og solulions for those strategies.


This paper is focused on the conceptual modelling of the HEVC coding using Graph Theory approach. This paper also proposes an algorithm to estimates the rate and distortion presence in frame sequence by applying RD-Theory and the concept of Lagrangian coefficient measurement using bitrate Vs time analysis. INTRODUCTION With the huge increment of constant top notch video substance, there emerges a need of performing sufficient pressure without influencing the visual substance of a video over low transfer speed organizations. Because of the heavier idea of video substance, performing highend pressure essentially influences the perceptual nature of a video. Hence, the appeal of watching web based recordings online open up the extent of video coding; accordingly it has become a promising zone of exploration. The ordinary H.264/AVC is a joint exertion of ITU-T and MPEG bunches went before by H.263 video coding standard in the time of 2003[1-5]. Later on, H.264/AVC acquired the consideration regarding become versatile in the business standard. The broad plan examination demonstrates that H.264 is exceptionally utilitarian on accomplishing half pressure proficiency when contrasted with its inheritance renditions. It is likewise professed to offer critical help to the great video expansions in low piece rate channels of various versatile gadgets. Albeit the current situation in the field of video pressure has seen a wide scope of potential applications which executes H.264/AVC video coding convention. Regardless of having every one of these meanings the variety in implanted plan of certain cell phones presents difficulties in handling H.264/AVC effectively. It further prompts significant expense of calculation. The unique conduct of versatile organizations likewise causes overhead in force limitation cell phones while handling H.264. Henceforth, there exist a significant tradeoff between very good quality pressure and force utilization, additionally plan complexities related with hand-held gadgets. Keeping every one of these realities into the brain our proposed study planned to upgrade the exhibition of customary HEVC by coordinating it with a Graph based technique for productive video compression[6-10].


Adolescents who lack personal qualities might have low happiness levels which would contribute to the development of social problems. This study examined the influence of individual attributes such as motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic), self-esteem, and perceived stress on happiness among adolescents in Malaysia. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was used in this correlation study and a total of 480 adolescents were recruited using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. The variables in the research were measured by the translated Malay version of the Subjective Happiness Scale, the Brief Motivation Scale, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale. The results showed that the adolescents who had higher motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) and self-esteem were happier whereas those with higher perceived stress experienced less happiness. The results of a multiple regression analysis showed that self-esteem appeared to be the strongest predictor of happiness, followed by perceived stress, intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation and the combination of these variables yielded a total of 31% of variance in explaining adolescents' happiness level. Overall, the findings had provided evidence and new knowledge in the field of study on happiness among adolescents specifically in Malaysian context. © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UK


Extended Elastic Impedance (EEI) inversion is a seismic inversion method developed for delineating fluid and lithology. EEI can estimate different elastic parameters, such as Shear Impedance, ratio, Bulk modulus, Lame parameters and Poisson's ratio. The most significant ability of EEI method is that it can directly relate impedance attribute to petrophysical parameters such as porosity, water saturation and clay volume which are critical for determining reservoir zone. Every single parameter can be evaluated by extending incident angle beyond that of in Aki and Richards's equation and giving different weight to intercept and gradient values. This method is particularly useful in areas where the sandstone reservoir has similar impedance with surrounding shale.


Background: Brucellosis is endemic in Pakistan and poses a great challenge owing to nonspecific clinical manifestations. On 7th January 2017 three workers of cattle dairy farm at Renala Khurd reported to have intermittent fever. Objective: A team was sent on 8th January 2017 to estimate magnitude of outbreak, evaluate risk factors and recommend control measures. Methods: A case was defined as prolonged intermittent fever, profuse night sweats and headache in a worker of cattle dairy farm at Renala Khurd from 7th to 21st January 2017. Cases and controls were matched by age and locality (1:4). Epidemiological information was recorded on a questionnaire. Serological testing was conducted using Rose Bengal plate test & iELISA. Frequencies were calculated, odd ratios determined at 95% confidence interval with p value less than 0.05. Results: A total of 9 cases were identified and mean age was 30 year (range 24-42 years). Overall attack rate was 29% and attack rate in cattle attendant was 47%. Among cases 78% (7/9) were involved in milking, feeding, cleaning, 44% (4/9) were habitual consumers of raw milk while 22% (2/9) were drivers and watchmen. Persons consuming contaminated raw milk (OR: 10; 95% CI: 1.4-70.2; P=.024) and workers having direct contact with animals (OR: 8.3; 95% CL: 1.4-49; P=.01) were more likely to have brucellosis. Apart from intermittent fever, night sweats (88%), headache (88%), fatigue (44%) and backache (11%) were the most frequent symptoms. All 9 cases were positive for brucella antibodies. Conclusions: The most probable cause of this outbreak was consumption of unprocessed contaminated milk and contact with secretions/excretions of infected animals. Monthly screening of workers, for a period of six months was recommended. Human cases were referred for medical treatment and Department of Health was notified. [iproc 2018;4(1):e10642]


With the rapid development of UHV power system in China, corona effect has also been paid more and more attention, systematic study of corona phenomenon and its influence factor would give important reference value to the design of UHV transmission line. In this paper, 2D and 3D simulation model of the corona cage have been established through the ANSYS simulation software. The 2D model only can be calculated and analyzed for a specific cross section, and the 3D model can reflect the field distribution over the whole wires, is superiority than 2D model, and this 3D modeling method can provide reference to wire which surface attached with dirt, rain, snow, and other asymmetric model.


The invention relates to glass fiber-reinforced polycarbonate compositions and molding compositions containing A) 10 to 85 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 80 parts by weight, in particular 40 to 70 wt .-%, polycarbonate, polyester carbonate or a mixture thereof, B) 10 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 15 to 40 parts by weight, especially 20 to 35 parts by weight, rubber-free vinyl copolymer, C) 5 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 7 to 35 parts by weight, especially 8 to 25 parts by weight, of a sized glass fiber, the sizing contains an epoxy polymer, D) 0 to 2 parts by weight, preferably 0 to 1 part by weight, more preferably the composition is free of rubber-modified graft polymers, and E) 0 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, particularly 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, of commercially available polymer additives, wherein the composition is free of rubber-modified polymers, which are different from component D, and wherein the sum of components A + B + C + D + E is standardized to 100 parts by weight, which are distinguished over the prior art by a high rigidity, a high flowability, high processing stability, good chemical resistance and good aging resistance against light and heat influences, and the use of the compositions for the production of moldings and shaped articles containing the inventive compositions.


There are still many problems in the conductive adhesive, such as particle size and particle dispersion in the matrix, which can affect the stability of the electrical conductivity. In order to resolve the particle dispersion issue in the anisotropic conductive films (ACFs) during the bonding process, we need to increase capture rate of conductive balls between the top and the bottom metal electrodes. In this paper, the methods of increasing capture rates were studied. The capture rates of the conventional 20- and 10-μm polymer ball ACFs were compared. In addition, the capture rates of the conventional polymer ball ACF and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber incorporated a polymer ball ACF were compared. As a result, the capture rates of 20-μm polymer ball ACFs were ~30% higher than 10-μm polymer ball ACFs. And the capture rate of PVDF nanofiber incorporated polymer ball ACF was 21% higher than the conventional polymer ball ACF. By using nanofiber and larger size of conductive balls, the capture rates can be increased.


The probe rocket completing its mission in aerospace is a complicated process.Based on certain probe rocket(certain type of American space-aircraft),the movement of the vehicle's re-entry in the air was analyzed and accordingly the mathematical model was built.In the end,the parameters such as total heat load,aerodynamic heating rate and some indirect were analyzed and simulated with Green function method.The simulation results show that more reasonable re-entry trajectory and landing points with less error radius can be obtained.


A design of industry lash-up intercom system's communication network is introduced in this paper.It adopts RS-485 serial bus which has the merits of simple structure,easy network establishment,strong anti-jamming capacity,high transfer speed and far transfer distance as the physical layer to build bus topolopy control network.At the time of designing communication protocol,we set out from RS-485 characteristics.And considering application condition and other kinds of aspects,Token protocol are implemented finally.Bus congest is also avoided.


• Background and Aims Many succulent species are characterised by the presence of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and/or elevated bulk hydraulic capacitance (CFT). Both CAM and elevated CFT substantially reduce the rate at which water moves through transpiring leaves. However, little is known about how these physiological adaptations are coordinated with leaf vascular architecture and xylem anatomy. • Methods The genus Clusia contains species spanning the entire C3-CAM continuum, and also is known to have > 5-fold interspecific variation in CFT. We used this highly diverse genus to explore how interspecific variation in vein density and xylem vessel dimensions are coordinated with CAM and CFT. • Key Results We found that constitutive CAM phenotypes were associated with lower vein length per leaf area (VLA) and vein termini density (VTD), compared to C3 or facultative CAM species. However, when vein densities were standardised by leaf depth, this value was higher in CAM than C3 species, which is likely an adaptation to overcome apoplastic hydraulic resistance in deep chlorenchyma tissue. In contrast, CFT did not correlate with any xylem anatomical trait measured, suggesting CAM has a greater impact on leaf hydraulic physiology than CFT. • Conclusions Our findings strongly suggest that CAM photosynthesis is coordinated with leaf vein densities. The link between CAM and vascular anatomy will be important to consider when attempting to bioengineer CAM into C3 crops.


The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine formula for treating rheumatic arthritis by traditional Chinese medicine fuming moxibustion therapy, belonging to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines for treating femoral head necrosis. The formula is characterized by comprising two processes: egg moxibustion and fuming and heat moxibustion, wherein the two processes respectively comprise the traditional Chinese medicine formulae comprising the following components in parts by weight: (1) the egg moxibustion process: fourstamen stephania root, radix clematidis, rhizoma atractylodis, angelica sinensis, pawpaw, radix achyranthis bidentatae, camphor, divaricate saposhnikovia root, musk, saffron crocus, nux vomica, radix aconiti kusenzoffii, radix aconiti, arisaema consanguineum schott, ginger, unprocessed rhizoma pinelliae, unprocessed monkshood, cassia twig, frankincense and myrrh; (2) the fuming and heat moxibustion process: divaricate saposhnikovia root, large-leaved gentian, rhizoma atractylodis, radix clematidis, liquorice, ginger, perilla leaves, the root of three-nerved spicebush, rhizoma calami, caulis sinomenii and saffron crocus. The traditional Chinese medicines provided by the invention enter into the human body with hot air through skins to condition the microcirculatory system to promote general blood circulation and improve nutriture of surrounding tissues, can remove swelling, diminish inflammation and relieve pains, and finally eliminates pathogenic factors thoroughly, thereby treating rheumatic arthritis. The traditional Chinese medicine formula treats both symptoms and root causes, and rheumatic arthritis healed is not easy to relapse.


In this article the author conducts an overview of the main provisions of the Federal law 220-FZ, aimed at regulating legal relations in the sphere of public passenger transport at Federal level. Also considers practical aspects of control and supervision of officials of the Federal service for supervision in the sphere of transport control of the implementation of the provisions of the act.


Anodic polarization behaviours of SUS 304 and SUS 316 stainless steel open surface and those of crevice-containing specimen were studied in 0.5M NaCI, NaBr, and NaI solution at 25C. The results obtained were summarized as follows. The crevice corrosion potentials or the pitting potentials of the crevice-containing specimens of SUS 304 and SUS 316 were in the following order: Cl-<Br-<I-. The pitting potential of SUS 304 open surface in the chloride solution was nearly equal to that in the bromide solution, but the pitting potential of SUS 316 open surface in the chloride solution was more noble than that in the bromide solution. In the chloride solution, the pitting potential Vc' of SUS 316 was more noble than that of SUS 304, whereas in the bromide solution, the pitting potential of SUS 316 was nearly equal to that of SUS 304. This indicates that the addition of Mo increases the resistance to pitting in the chloride solution but has no effect on the pitting resistance in the bromide solution. The crevice corrosion potential or the pitting potential of SUS 316 crevice-containing specimen was more noble than that of SUS 304 in the all halide solutions tested. This indicates that the addition of Mo increases the resistance to crevice corrosion or pitting corrosion in the crevice-containing specimen in the all halide solutions.


Three Schiff bases generated by conventional condensation of a simple aminopolyol (TRIS) and 5-bromo- and 5-iodosalicylaldehyde, and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, have been fully characterized, both in solution and in the solid state. This study provides a complete analysis of imine–enamine equilibria, and sheds light onto the mechanism of hydrogen transfer, which has been controversial in the literature. Low-temperature X-ray diffraction accompanied by electron-density maps have further been complemented by theoretical studies at the B3LYP/6-31G* and M06-2X/6-311++G** levels. To ascertain the influence of crystal packing on tautomeric stability, the lattice has also been simulated by computation. This protocol involves the assessment of a supramolecular cluster around a core tautomer possessing either imine or enamine structures. Such an analysis, in full agreement with solid-state data, reveals the greater stability of zwitterionic structures for the salicyl derivatives. In contrast, these substances show preferential imine forms in solution, whereas the naphthyl-based compound exhibits a prevalent keto-enamine structure in all cases


Polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) was used to determine the depth resolved Stokes parameters of light backscattered from highly scattering biological samples. Through simultaneous detection of the amplitude and relative phase of signal fringes in orthogonal polarization states formed by interference of light backscattered from turbid media and a mirror in the reference arm of a Michelson interferometer, changes in the Stokes parameters due to the optical phase delay between light propagating along the fast and slow axes of birefringent media were measured. Inasmuch as fibrous structures in many biological tissues influence the polarization state of light backscattered, PS-OCT is a potentially useful technique to image the structural properties of turbid biological materials. The method can also be applied to the investigation of birefringent properties in highly scattering materials such as ceramics and crystals.


Introduction and background Since 1997, Germans are the largest immigrant group in Switzerland. 8'200 new arrivals are registered in 1998, a number that reached 46'300 in 2008. The major reason for this increase is the ratification of the Agreement on the free movement of persons between Switzerland and the European Union in June 2002. However, not only legislative changes but also the economic growth encountered by Switzerland at the turn of the XXI century caused the increase.


Social purpose organizations (SPOs) are nonprofit organizations that fulfill their social missions by seeking revenue from traditional business activities. SPOs often face difficulties attracting and retaining organizational members with the necessary mix of social and business skills and values. When coupled with resource limitations and an unstable environment, these issues create serious strategic challenges for leaders of small SPOs. In the present article, the authors describe several systems thinking concepts that may enable leaders to understand and therefore more effectively contend with the challenges of the SPO context. The authors also present a case study demonstrating the utility of systems thinking and system dynamics modeling as decision-making tools leaders can use to analyze the impact of alternative strategies on the financial well-being of the SPO. The modeling process may facilitate organizational learning as leaders use the insight gained from adopting a systems approach to make effective strategic decisions.


It is a modern social need to enhance the comprehensive quality of students of science and engineering.It is also a key of creative and competitive ability and it is a goal of innovation in higher education.Colleges of science and technology are trying to train students' comprehensive quality by all means.In our many year's education work,we explore a series of effective ways to train students' comprehensive quality.


The purpose of this study was to examine the actor and partner effects of couple interaction on marital satisfaction and physical & psychological health but also to search for ways to reinforce the marital relationship and prevent divorce. The study subjects were 858 married couples living in S, D, G, and C provinces. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 10.8 program and the test of the APIM model was conducted through an analysis of the correlational matrix using the AMOS 7.0 program. The results of this research are summarized as follows. First, both the actor and partner effects of positive interaction on marital satisfaction were statistically significant; thus a higher level of positive interaction was associated with a higher level of marital satisfaction for the husband and wife. There was no difference between the actor effects of the husband and wife, indicating the influence of positive interaction on marital satisfaction was similar. In contrast, there was a difference in the influence of the partner effect between the husband and wife. The partner effect of the wife``s positive interaction on the husband's marital satisfaction was greater than the partner effect of the husband s positive interaction on the wife's marital satisfaction. Second, both the actor and partner effects of negative interaction on marital satisfaction were statistically significant; thus a higher level of negative interaction was associated with a lower level of marital satisfaction of the husband and wife. There was no difference between the actor effect of the husband and wife, indicating that the influence of negative interaction on marital satisfaction was similar. In contrast, there was a difference in the influence of the partner effect between the husband and wife. The partner effect of the wife``s negative interaction on the husband's marital satisfaction was greater than the partner effect of the husband s negative interaction on the wife's marital satisfaction. Third, for both the husband and wife, martial satisfaction had an effect on physical and psychological health. Compared to physical health, psychological health was more easily explained by examining marital satisfaction. The influence of the husband's marital satisfaction on physical and psychological health was greater than the influence of wife's marital satisfaction. In conclusion, this study confirmed that a married couple``s positive/negative interactions had actor and partner effects on marital satisfaction and the effect of marital satisfaction on the couplephysical & psychological health. Moreover, this study provides empirical evidence for marital education programs and counselling programs.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand the main determinants that affect accommodation purchase intentions through lodging websites in sharing economy context. This industry differs from the hotel industry because it is a community marketplace with a growing community of users where renters can monetize their extra space and list their properties to an audience of millions while travelers can find unique accommodation at any price point.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors examine factors such as perceived lodging value, perceived lodging price, lodging information, online lodging reviews, trust with the host, website usability and perceived privacy/security of the website, and measure their relationships with purchase intentions. Based on an online survey data, the structural model test outcomes explain the direct effect of the exogenous variables on purchase intentions and the mediating effect of perceived lodging value between perceived lodging price and purchase intentions.

Findings
The study demonstrates that the six latent factors and proposed associations have positive effects on purchase intentions. Thus, enterprises operating in the online lodging industry should consider these elements as key antecedents of lodging purchase intentions.

Originality/value
Lodging websites operate in a highly competitive market where they have to compete with hotel operators, hostels, bed and breakfasts and hotel comparison websites in current sharing economy. In addition, consumers usually spend a great deal of time and effort on online pre-purchase evaluation because of the ease of the information gathering process where consumers can find a wide variety of options online. Therefore, understanding the drivers that convert browsers into renters is a topic of great interest among marketing managers in the current sharing economy context.


Thus,thedemaidforgreenpackagedesignis increasingly focused on holistic instruction that Thisstudy hasexplored theknowledge structure of incorporate additional upstream (environmental education) green package design forinstruction incolleges and anddownstream (disposal management) knowledge. professional trainings. Themostneeded green package Eventually, thisstudy hasdeveloped aninstructional design knowledge isranked bypackage design educatorsstructure consisted ofattendee, instructional objectives, andprofessionals as:1.theenvironmental andpackaging greenpackage design related content forinstruction, regulations; 2.thevariety ofpackage materials; 3. instructional term, instructional methods, types ofthe holistic concepts about green package design, suchasthe project andpracticing worksbasedon thebody consideration ofproduct life cycle; 4.identifying the knowledge ofgreenpackage design andthefocus of environmental appeals andsafety ofinks; 5.processing greenpackage design education. ofpackage materials anddesign technologies; 6. establishing corporate environmental image; 7.other2.Research Method package related environmental education. Nevertheless, thepackage material isranked themostpriority forthe Duetothelackofsubject information ofthegreen greenpackage design evaluation, whichmayneed package design education program, theresearchers need corresponding tomoreresearch resources.


This paper considers the various environments in which false starts may be found (turn control, same turn repair and other disfluencies). It is argued that false starts represent disfluencies at many different levels of discourse. Furthermore, false starts occur for a number of different reasons, and serve a number of different functions. This leads to a typology of false starts. As there are several distinct kinds of false starts that can be distinguished, a new set of notational devices for these distinct types of false starts is proposed.


The effects of ethyl acetate addition on the stability of bio-oil from rice straw fast pyrolysis were investigated through measuring the physicochemical properties of the bio-oil during storage.The results showed that by adding ethyl acetate of 1%,6%,11%,16% and 21%,the final pH values of the bio-oils are increased by 0.66%,2.33%,3.65%,4.32% and 6.31%,respectively;the final water contents are decreased by 10.90%,20.17%,28.19%,30.27% and 35.10%,respectively;the final viscosities are decreased by 13.69%,39.08%,57.99%,66.00% and 73.58%,respectively.The FT-IR and GC-MS analyses indicated that ethyl acetate can inhibit bio-oil from some aging reactions and reduce the content of organic acids.


Intermetallic lithium−magnesium hexamethyldisilazide [{(Me3Si)2N}3LiMg], 1, has been synthesized from a nonstoichiometric 2:1 ratio of LHMDS and Mg(HMDS)2 in hexane/toluene solution. Its crystal structure reveals a simple dinuclear arrangement based on a near-planar ring: the Mg center occupies a distorted trigonal planar environment of three N atoms, while the Li center occupies a distorted tetrahedral N2C2 environment due to two additional C−Li interactions with the μ-N(SiMe3)2 substituents. This structure appears to be retained in arene solution on the basis of the evidence of 1H NMR spectral data. In the presence of trace amounts of oxygen, the surprising peroxide−oxide variant [{(Me3Si)2N}4 Li2Mg2(O2)x(O)y] preferentially crystallizes from solution. X-ray crystallography has established that its structure contains peroxide predominantly [x = 0.715(7); y = 0.285(7)], the presence of which induces an aggregation state increase relative to 1: the four indistinguishable metal centers, held in a square-pl...


The function of the immune system is to protect the body from foreign organisms. Different types of immunity are described. Natural immunity is composed of innate defenses that react instinctively to a foreign body. Acquired immunity reacts only in the presence of a foreign body. Once exposed to microbes, acquired immunity cells learn how to fight these invaders and retain this information for subsequent encounters. Both types of immunities can work in tandem and are employed in the fight against HIV. However, rather than producing antibodies, one type of cell, the T-lymphocyte, becomes a haven for the virus to reproduce. Over time, the immune system loses the ability to destroy the infected cells and the body cannot fight certain diseases.


Experimental results are reported for flows in a ramp-type, external compression inlet with a large-aspectratio, rectangular cross section. The inlet was operated at a freestream Mach number of 1.84 with mechanically generated downstream perturbations. High-speed schlieren and time-dependent pressure measurements were employed extensively. In supercritical operation, pressure fluctuations throughout the inlet caused by the excitation varied linearly with the fluctuations at the exit station, even for large exit station amplitudes. In subcritical operation (buzz), the excitation interacted nonlinearly with the naturally present, highly periodic oscillations by either modifying the natural frequency, if the excitation was near a natural harmonic, or by having the excitation modulate the naturally occurring oscillation. In addition, the conditions at the two criticality boundaries were determined as a function of excitation amplitude and frequency.


BACKGROUND
 Pharmacotherapeutic management of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) has become more complex due to the development of new treatments, such as biological therapies. Mobile health, especially apps, can provide IMID patients with greater autonomy and facilitate communication with healthcare professionals.

 OBJECTIVE
 Our objective was to design and implement an app for remote monitoring and communication with IMID patients. We also assessed the usability of and satisfaction with the app.

 METHODS
 A multidisciplinary group comprising pharmacists, dermatologists, rheumatologists, gastroenterologists, and nurses was created to design and develop an app for IMID patients in a tertiary hospital.
The app functionalities were identified through a focus group with IMID patients and through an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study of all available apps for IMID patients at App Store and Play Store platforms.
Once the app was designed and developed, we started offering the app to all IMID patients who initiated a new biological therapy. We performed an observational, longitudinal study of patients followed using the app to assess the tool's impact on safety, communication, satisfaction, and usability. The inclusion period was from December 2020 to August 2021. The inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years, diagnosis of an IMID, and ownership of a Smartphone. Patients with language barriers were excluded.

 RESULTS
 We designed an app (eMidCare®) with the following modules: My Medication, My Questionnaires, Adverse Events, Useful Information, Messages, and Patient Profile.
A total of 86 patients were installed with the app (the median age was 48.3 [18.1-79.4] years and 62.4 were female). The median (range) follow-up time for app use was 123 (5-270) days.
In the My Medication module, 100% of patients registered their biological therapy and 25.9% also used this module to record each dose of medication administered.
A total of 82 adverse events (AEs) were registered. Thirty-two percent of the patients registered at least 1 AE. The most frequent AEs were fatigue, injection site reaction, headache, and nausea.
Fifty-two percent of patients used the Messages module to communicate with healthcare professionals. The most frequent messages concerned doubts about managing AEs (26.2%) and drug interactions (18.9%).
The satisfaction survey yielded a median (range) score of 9.1 (7-10) out of 10.
The app sections that patients browsed for the longest time were Messages (21.9%), Start screen (20.9%), My questionnaires (20.4%), My medication (8.8%), and Adverse events (7.1%).

 CONCLUSIONS
 We developed an app, eMidCare®, which reminds patients to take their medication, enables them to record AEs, and helps them communicate with healthcare professionals. Approximately one-third of the patients registered the administration of the biological therapies and registered at least 1 AE. The most used and most satisfactory functionality was communication with health professionals. Patient satisfaction and retention were very high.


The dominant discourses of Anglo-American economic geography universalised certain particulars in ways that rendered as archetypal some things that were perhaps better treated as marginal, or at least locally specific. Simultaneously, those dominant discourses rendered as marginal, unimportant or absent, things that are central to economic geographies in a range of places. This commentary reflects on key elements of the foundations for a distinctive Antipodean contribution to wider debates in human geography and the value of such debate to other marginalised discourses in the discipline.


In recent years, the need has arisen for a change in conceptual approaches to the phenomena of "monitoring" and "assessment" of learning outcomes in adult education. The ultimate goal of monitoring should be to strengthen and achieve a high level of responsibility of the l ear ners for the process and outcomes of their education. The purpose of the research is to create a model of the monitoring system of learning outcomes in adult education and to describe a methodology for implementing alternative methods of monitoring. Research methods: a theoretical analysis of the concept of "monitoring", generalization and systematization of approaches to monitoring, analysis of the characteristics of adult education, modeling of the monitoring system of  learning outcomes in adult education, ranging monitoring types by teachers, analysis of the results of the empirical research. The main results of the research: a model of the monitoring system of learning outcomes in adult education includes preparatory, practical and analytical stages and it is built taking into account the purpose, content, methods of pedagogical communication, means, timing and duration of control. It also includes traditional and alternative ways of monitoring learning outcomes with guidelines for their use in adult education.


Summury The priority program "Informatics Methods for the Analysis and Interpretation of Large Genomic Data Sets" addressed the interdisciplinary community of researchers in computer science and mathematics on the one hand and molecular biology and biochemistry on the other hand that has formed in Germany and established itself internationally due to focussed activities in this area. With the sequenced genomes we have data sets at hand that contain all relevant information on the blueprint of a species. The task of the priority programm was the exploration of large genomic data sets with informatics methods. The systematic comparisons of sequence patterns as well predictions and analyses of molecular structures and interactions make it possible to elucidate relationships between structure and function and thus to arrange cellular components in metabolic or regulatory networks.


The condition monitoring of AC motor is very challenging stage for engineers in industries or in other organization. There are many types of monitoring such as current monitoring, partial discharge monitoring, voltage monitoring, vibration monitoring, noise monitoring and thermal monitoring etc. Out of these all type of monitoring, consider vibration monitoring. The aim of the monitoring is to detect all kind of mechanical faults and out of other monitoring only vibration monitoring can detect all type of mechanical fault on same time. An experiment is needed here for considering vibration monitoring by using hardware module and software module. And through this experiment the condition of the motor can be detected either it is healthy or faulty.


The possibility to avoid the singularity of Big Bang of the Universe in general theory of relativity, and thereby – the possibility to guarantee Universe eternity not only in future, but also in the past, is shown. The reality of Universe eternity is confirmed by the results of observations of distant supernovas and is based on the counting of cosmological time in the frame of reference not co-moving with matter, in which by the Weyl hypothesis galaxies of expanding Universe are quasimotionless.


A high resolution electron impact spectrometer using electrostatic monochromators and the cross-beam technique is described. Considerations related to its constraction and use in measuring cross sections are discussed. This instrament was used to obtain absolute values for differential and integral excitation cross sections of the n = 2 manifold states of helium at 29.2 eV, 39.2 eV and 48.2 eV. The results are presented and compared with currently available theoretical calculations. (auth)


'Columbia Giant' is a new thornless trailing blackberry (Rubus subg. Rubus Watson) cultivar with very large fruit from the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) breeding program in Corvallis, OR, released in cooperation with Oregon State University's Agricultural Experiment Station. 'Columbia Giant' is introduced as a high quality, high yielding, thornless trailing blackberry with good flavor and firm fruit that are suited for local fresh market sales but can be machine harvested for the processing market with very good frozen quality. 'Columbia Giant' should be adapted to areas where other trailing blackberries can be grown successfully. A U.S. Plant Patent has been granted (USPP18,369).


In their review of diabetes and cancer, Wang et al.1 have brought to our attention the 8-year interim analysis of the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) cohort study of pioglitazone and bladder cancer,2 and the finding that adjusting for albuminuria attenuated the risk estimates. New additional analyses from the KPNC investigators have been posted to the European Medicines Agency's European Network of Centres for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance (ENCePP) website and indicate the association may have been due to detection bias.3 It was found that there was more urinary monitoring for albuminuria among pioglitazone-treated patients, resulting in increased detection of subclinical hematuria and leading to a detection bias for bladder cancer. Adjusting for monitoring for albuminuria shifted the KPNC risk estimate to the null. No previous observational studies of pioglitazone had considered this detection bias. A recent Canadian cohort study has similarly suggested that an increased frequency of physician visits (e.g. to intensify monitoring or switch diabetic medications) may lead to the discovery of undiagnosed bladder cancer and result in a detection bias for bladder cancer in observational studies of diabetic patients.4


Background: Hip fractures are very common in UK population (excluding Scotland) accounting for 64102 hospital admissions in 2014. FCIB is part of a best practice tariff and a quality indicator audited annually by the National Hip Fracture Database in UK, as part of NICE clinical guidelines. The ED protocol for fracture neck of femur (NOF) includes fascia Iliaca compartment block (FICB), which is a new service development as part of treatment. Study objectives: To assess whether all patients with NOF were getting FICB prior to transfer from ED and to asses if FICB gave adequate pain relief. Methods: A retrospective study new service evaluation was carried out on 58 patients admitted to orthopaedic ward from the ED with a diagnosis of fracture NOF. Exclusion criteria was contraindication to compartment blocks. This study focussed on the care received by the patients in the ED during the period from October 2014 to March 2015. A data collection spread sheet was developed with parameters based on the NICE gui...


The forms of expression of abstract language in comprehensive painting include feelings, suggestion, movement, the mixture of different senses, artistic conception. etc.


In the protocol, the access point (AP) schedules the downlink traffic with precise schedule information, which is appended in the redesigned traffic indication map (TIM). To reduce the overhead of control frames, only the schedule information of STAs that wake up at current Beacon interval (BI) is embedded in TIM. The mobile stations (STAs) learn their service time from TIM and choose an energy efficient way to retrieve the downlink data. The protocol is designed to meet different delay requirements of different applications, not just focused on minimizing the average delay of the network. And the Early Deadline First (EDF) strategy is applied on AP to guarantee the delay bound of data frames. We also find the maximal traffic load which the network can bear to guarantee that all the data flow can be scheduled within one schedule cycle. Through theoretical analysis and simulations, we demonstrate that our protocol presents a better performance than IEEE 802.11 and other protocols not only in energy efficiency but also in delay performance of data packets.


The existence of coherent signal source makes a lot of classic high-resolution algorithm affected or even failure.Based on coherent processing method to study found that the following two algorithms related to a better effect,that is,as amended MUSIC algorithm-MMUSIC and the weighted spatial forward backward smoothing algorithm,these two methods belong to the essence of the algorithm MUSIC modified,and they have some links.Through computer simulation and then compare them,found that the former has a better correlation to performance,but no aperture arrays loss.


Committees may make better monetary policy decisions than individuals; however, the benefits of group decision making could be lost if committee members cede power to a chairman. We develop an econometric model to describe intracommittee power‐sharing across members. Estimation of the model permits us to classify monetary policy committees into the typology developed by Blinder ([Blinder, Alan, 2004], [Blinder, Alan, 2007]). We estimate our model for the United Kingdom's Bank of England (BOE) and Sweden's Riksbank. Results for the BOE suggest that the Governor has little influence over other committee members, while those for the Riksbank indicate that the Governor is highly influential.


In emerging application domains, such as thin client computing and hypertext systems with embedded objects (e.g. the World Wide Web), the process of downloading application code is in the critical path of users. We observe that in these domains, compliance with existing standards and minimizing the impact on the clients is crucial. We argue that the fundamental problem for mobile code is that the units of code distribution in networked object systems, such as Java, are not suited for efficient utilization of network bottlenecks. In this paper, we propose a separate optimization step, between compilation and loading, whereby application code is restructured to more effectively use the available network bandwidth for program download. We have designed and implemented such an optimization step as a binary rewriting service for Java applets and applications. Our implementation does not require any modifications to existing Java virtual machines, compilers or clients. We have found that restructuring of Java applications can improve program startup times by up to 30%.


To optimize antigen–antibody reactions, we have synthesized chemically well‐defined hy‐drophilic microspheres. Proteins or haptens were covalently linked to these carriers. When the microsphere conjugates were agglutinated by the corresponding antiserum, the size of the complex artificially increased during the immunological reaction. After optimizing var‐ious parameters such as the hydrophilic character, repulsion charges, and amount of antigen coupled to the microspheres, we developed a rapid and sensitive immunoassay based on laser light scattering by the complexes.


The socialized degree of accounting service of enterprises in our country is still very low. It is very useful to enhance the small-scale accounting firms and to promote the socialization of accounting service. When small-scale firms grow up with customers together, we should standardize the audit quality and the risks of accounting firms.


We present a case of fatal rebound hyperkalemia in a patient with thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) treated with potassium supplementation. Although TPP is a rare hyperthyroidism-related endocrine disorder seen predominantly in men of Asian origin, the diagnosis should be considered in patients of non-Asian origins presenting with hypokalemia, muscle weakness or acute paralysis. The condition may present as a life threatening emergency and unfamiliarity with the disease could result in a fatal outcome. Immediate therapy with potassium chloride supplementation may foster a rapid recovery of muscle strength and prevent cardiac arrhythmias secondary to hypokalemia, but with a risk of rebound hyperkalemia. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(1):57-59.]


Let ( = ((m)m S z be an arbitrary element of the sequence space l?(Z), and let A be the difference operator on I'?(Z): A = ((m+1 z. The object of this investigation is the best possible value C(n, k) = sup{Qn k( ): ( E l? ?(Z)A *" O} of the quotient Qn,k i M Ak~ Qn.k( 11 ,(n-k)/,Ini,Ilk/n where n = 2,3,...; k = 1. n 1. It is shown that C(n, k) is at least equal to the corresponding constant K(n, k), determined by Kolmogorov [Moscov. Gos. Univ. Uchen. Zap. Mat. 30 (1939), 3-13; Amer. Math. Soc. Transl. (1) 2 (1962), 233-243] for the differential operator D on L?(R), and exactly equal to K(n, k) if k = n ' 1. Lower bounds for C(n, k) are derived that show that C(n, k) is generally greater than K(n, k). The values of C(n, k), k = 1. n 1, are computed for n = 2,...,5.


Technological transformation and process optimization implemented to reduce process energy consumption in Coking Plant in recent years were introduced, and the energy-saving were prospected in respects of optimizing coking coal resource, configuring and utilizing reasonably the steam energy, developing and applying the moistening technology for coal, recovering and applying waste heat, and wastewater advanced treatment.


In 2008, the business world witnessed major economic crises and with the fall of 150 year old financial institution, LEhman Brothers. This ignited the great recession and one is still not sure about whether it is over or not, even today.


The Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in the Rostov region, 344006, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation The article contains an analysis of disability (of primary, repeated and general) in consequence of malignant tumors in all 8 districts for 2010-2011 years that has shown that the highest level and the first ranking place by all types of disability takes the Southern Federal District, the last 7-8 places take the Northern-Caucasian and the Far-Eastern Federal districts.


Depending on the molar activity of the tracer, the maximal allowable injected activity in mouse brain PET studies can be extremely low in order to avoid receptor saturation. Therefore, a high level of noise can be present in the image. We investigate several dynamic PET reconstruction methods in reduced counts, or equivalently in reduced injected activity, data exemplified in [11C]raclopride BP ND and R1 quantification using the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM). We compared independent frame reconstruction (IFR), post-reconstruction HYPR denoising (IFR + HYPR), direct reconstruction using the SRTM model (DIR-SRTM), and the spatial (KERS) and spatiotemporal kernel reconstruction (KERST). Additionally, HYPR denoising of the frames used as features for the calculation of the spatial kernel matrix, was investigated (KERS-HYPR and KERST-HYPR). In vivo data of 11 mice, was used to generate list-mode data for five reduced count levels corresponding to reductions by a factor 4, 8, 12, 16 and 32 (equivalently 2.07, 1.04, 0.691, 0.518, and 0.260 MBq). Correlation of regional BP ND and R1 values (reduced versus full counts reconstructions) was high (r > 0.94) for all methods, with KERS-HYPR and KERST-HYPR reaching the highest correlation (r > 0.96). Among methods with regularization, DIR-SRTM showed the largest variability in BP ND (Bland–Altman SD from 3.0% to 12%), while IFR showed it for R1 (5.1%–14.6%). KERST and KERST-HYPR were the only methods with Bland–Altman bias and SD below 5% for noise level up to a reduction factor of 16. At the voxel level, BP ND and R1 correlation was gradually decreased with increasing noise, with the largest correlation (BP ND r > 0.88, R1 r > 0.62) for KERS-HYPR and KERST-HYPR. The spatial and the spatiotemporal kernel methods performed similarly, while using only temporal regularization with direct reconstruction showed more variability. Although R1 values present noise, using the spatiotemporal kernel reconstruction, accurate estimates of binding potential could be obtained with mouse injected activities as low as 0.26–0.518 MBq. This is desirable in order to maintain the tracer kinetics principle in mouse studies.


This veto message from Governor Mark Sanford vetoes H. 3357, R-14, a bill that allows each member of the Marlboro County Transportation Committee to be paid from
Marlboro County "C" Fund revenues seventy-five dollars for each meeting the member is in
attendance.