This paper deals with optimal properties of fuzzy least squares estimators of the fuzzy linear regression model with fuzzy input-output data that has an error structure. Fuzzy least squares estimators with new operations for regression parameters were proposed earlier in our previous study based on a suitable metric, and shows that the estimators are fuzzy-type linear estimators. We propose expectations and variances by using the algebraic properties of the triangular fuzzy matrices, and show some optimal properties BLUE(Best Linear Unbiased Estimator) of the estimators. Simple computational example is given to confirm these properties.


The rapid development of urban brings a series of urban ecological problems. It is the key issue to quantify the urban ecosystem by monitoring and simulating the dynamic change of ecosystem health objectively and accurately in urban, and it is the effective means to solve the urban ecological problems. Remote sensing images of 2005, 2009 and 2013 in Panji District, Huainan city were used as the data source, and the theory of ecosystem health were introduced, to characterize the urban ecosystem health. Besides, the landscape pattern analysis and Vigor-Organization-Resilience (VOR) model were applied to set up an evaluation index system of ecosystem health. Results showed high spatial heterogeneity in the landscape pattern during different time periods. With respect to the regional ecosystem health index, it experienced a rapid decline after a slight increase, and displayed an ordinary level at the end. Through this study, we can enrich the theoretical methods and practice of urban ecological quantitative research, deepen the understanding of evolution mechanism and spatial variation of urban ecosystem, and provide scientific methods and practice for the urban construction and the sustainable development strategy of city.


Linear mounds of sands, spread over 400 km 2 in the Balasore-Contai floodplain and aligned parallel as well as close to the shoreline are not past strandline markers. It is suggested that these are compound products of fluviatile deposits capped by aeolian accumulations during late Holocene, albeit undated, arid intervals. The mounds were stabilished by soil and vegetation cover and are presently under anthropogenic attack.


The authors report on hexagonal pyramid shaped light-emitting diode (LED) based on ZnO and GaN wafer bonding. After direct wafer bonding of an n-type ZnO substrate to a III-nitride LED wafer, O-plane ZnO was selectively etched to form an electrode having a truncated hexagonal pyramid shape. This wafer bonded LED chip was evaluated with optical output power as a function of forward current and was 2.2 times higher than a conventional-type LED chip having thin Ni (5nm)∕Au (10nm) p-type electrode at forward current condition of 20mA.


Tourism is one of the world's main businesses and a progressively significant source of external channel of investment that is used to financial economic development. The main aim of this research paper is to inspect the short-term and long-term relationships between tourism and Foreign Direct Invest (FDI) growth in Saudi Arabia. In this research has used quarterly data covering the (2000– 2013) time period and unit-root test techniques, co-integrated analysis and granger causality test to examine the relationships between variables. The findings showed that there is a positive relationship between tourism receipt and numbers of tourist with Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the short term and long-term relationship. The Granger causality test shows a bidirectional causality running between tourism expenditure and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)


Despite the understanding of allostatic load (AL) as a consequence of ongoing adaptation to stress, studies of the stress–AL association generally focus on a narrow conceptualization of stress and have thus far overlooked potential confounding by personality. The present study examined the cross‐sectional association of objective and subjective stress with AL, controlling for Big Five personality traits.


In one aspect, the present invention discloses an analysis of the results of a test strip embodiment for reading the result of the reading means, the apparatus comprising one or more light sources, the light source emits light incident on the test strip to the at least two spatially the isolated region; and a light detector for light emitted from each of the two areas of detection; another aspect, the present invention discloses an analysis of the results of a test strip embodiment for reading the result of the reading means the apparatus comprises at least one light source emits light incident on a region of the test strip; and at least two light detectors, both capable of detecting a portion of light emitted from the light source area of the test strip.


(TTF)Clx, x=0.67 and 0.70, is a quasi‐one‐dimensional organic conductor with a room temperature conductivity of ∼ 150 Ω−1 cm−1. At room temperature the structure is tetragonal and consists of chains of uniformly spaced, eclipsed TTF molecules surrounding channels occupied by chloride ions, which form a disordered structure. The chloride substructure becomes ordered and the TTF substructure undergoes a phase transition from tetragonal to monoclinic symmetry at ∼250 °K. The angle β of the monoclinic phase increases continuously as the temperature is decreased from 245 ° to 19 °K. The electrical conductivity shows a sharp decrease at the phase transition which is suggestive of the formation of commensurate charge density waves in the monoclinic phase.


Objective: This study investigated movement efficiency in persons with and without stroke during unilateral and bilateral occupationally embedded and rote exercise conditions. Method: Twenty-five participants aged 36 to 69 years (12 with stroke and 13 healthy controls) were randomly instructed to experience both OE and Rote testing conditions involving reaching forward unimanually and bimanually. Outcome measures included the kinematic variables of movement time, movement units, peak velocity, percentage of movement time to peak velocity, and total displacement. Results: Control subjects elicited greater movement efficiency than participants with stroke and rote exercise produced some significantly more efficient movement dynamics than occupationally embedded exercise. In stroke participants, the paretic limb demonstrated prolonged movement time and less direct movement when compared to the nonparetic limb. Finally, the majority of the unimpaired limb variables were more efficient (ps < .05) in unilateral trials than bilateral trials but there was no difference in movement efficiency of the impaired limb between tests. Conclusion: There are marked differences in motor performance between individuals who have and have not experienced a stroke and the amount of risk perceived in a situation can affect movement efficiency. Also, in persons with stroke, the movements of one limb can influence the movement dynamics of the other. Occupational therapists should use this knowledge to create meaningful interventions that will maintain and enhance motor function of the paretic limb through the just right challenge. More research is needed to examine how task demands influence coordination and to generalize these findings. EFFICIENCY OF REACH 3 Efficiency of Reach in Persons with and without Stroke in Bimanual and Unimanual Tasks: Occupationally Embedded Exercise versus Rote Exercise


Significant changes to qualification requirements for staff working in early childhood
contexts are occurring globally. A key reform in Australia is a call for teachers in prior to
school early childhood contexts to be university-qualified. The "universal access" strategy
(Department of Education, Employment of Workplace Relations [DEEWR], 2009a, 2009b;
Rudd & Macklin, 2007b) requires four-year qualified early childhood teachers who are
prepared to work in child care contexts. Yet studies in identify that cohorts of preservice
teachers resist child care as a career option (see Ailwood & Boyd, 2006; Gibson, 2013a;
Vadja, 2005a, 2005b). It is this point of tension that has prompted further inquiry into child
care and work in child care, and forms the basis for this paper.


Objective:To investigate the changes of plasma plasminogen balance of cerebral infarction (CI) patients after treatment with polyphenol acid salt of Salvia miltiorrhiza(Salvia miltiorrhiza). Methods: A total of 60 CI patients were randomly divide into Salvia miltiorrhiza group (n=30, treated with Salvia miltiorrhiza 0.2g iv drop 1/d, and followed up for 2 weeks) and conventional treatment group (n=30), and 20 normal subjects from out-patient department were as normal control group, and the levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in plasma were measured before and after treatment. Results: Compared with normal control group before treatment, the level of tPA [(17.19 2.95) ng/ml vs. (11.55 2.41) ng/ml]significantly decreased and the level of PAI-1 [(40.49±7.08) ng/ml vs. ( 82.52±8.69) ng/ml]significantly increased in CI patients (P0.05 all). Compared with before treatment, the tPA levels of Salvia miltiorrhiza group [(11.76±2.12) ng/ml vs. (21.58±1.37) ng/ml],conventional treatment group [(11.35±2.18) ng/ml vs. (14.48±1.79) ng/ml]significantly increased, and the PAI-1 levels of Salvia miltiorrhiza group [(83.94±9.41) ng/ml vs. (39.18±6.54) ng/ml],conventional treatment group[(81.10±7.81) ng/ml vs. (62.47±5.89) ng/ml]significantly decreased after treatment, (P0.05 all). The therapeutic effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza group was significantly better than those of conventional treatment group (P0.05). Conclusion: The treatment with polyphenol acid salt of Salvia miltiorrhiza is more effective than conventional treatment in patients with cerebral infarction and it can improve the balance of plasminogen system.


Data from modeling four distinct knots were collected by varying the friction of the cords and the applied force. The decay constants associated with the fits of the data from the reduced time and the applied force were found. This data showed that the square knot has the highest decay coefficient of all the knots with right-handed sheet bend having the lowest. All knots but the thief knot showed a linear increase of the time as friction was increased. The right-handed sheet bend had the smallest slope indicating that it was least affected by a change of kinetic friction. When all the data is considered, the right-handed sheet bend is probably the best overall knot compared to the other three knots simulated.


The core plays an important role in attributes reduction of decision information system based on rough sets.From knowledge reduction and core definition,cause of incorrectness which the method of calculating core used in inconsistence decision system in lite-rature[5] isanalyzed in detail.A model of calculating core attributes is proposed in decision table information system based on equivalence classes operation.The advantage of this modelisthat core calculating don't need builddiscernible matrix.The correctness of this method is proved.


In this note, we consider systems which can be decomposed as a cascade connection of linear subsystems. The second subsystem is assumed to have the controller canonical form. The main result is a version of Hautus' test, which allows us to check controllability and stabilizability properties of these systems by means of reduced-order rank computations. >


Aiming at the disadvantage (premature convergence) of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), a mechanism called global random-proportional rule (GRP) is presented. The mechanism adjusts the transition probability proportionally and facilitates the exploration by increasing the probability of selecting solution components with low pheromone trail. It can avoid premature convergence of ACO and exploit more strongly solutions. The results show that ACO with GRP are superior to the existing ACO and the mechanism is useful to improve the performance of any versions of ACO by investigating the functioning of GRP in the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP).


In allusion to the characteristics of long distance gas transmission pipelines, the article introduces the failures and accidents, accident probability and that of influence to gas pipelines for different stations and pipelines. Some examples of typical pipeline accidents in China and Canada recent years are listed. Based on the accident analysis and taken the actual safety situation of domestic gas pipeline, the author presents countermeasures and suggestions in controlling pipeline failure and accident in facet of design,construction and operation of gas pipelines.


The 5-methylene-1,3-dioxolan-4-one derivative of the present invention is represented by the formula (1) indicated below, and it is a novel monomer from which a homopolymer and a copolymer excellent in light transparency and heat stability are obtained. Moreover, the polymer obtained by (co)polymerizing a monomer composition comprising the derivative represented by the formula (1) indicated below is excellent in the resist performance such as sensitivity, resolution and dry etching resistance, and solubility in an organic solvent, also having little line edge roughness, and thus it is preferably used as a resin for a resist composition. wherein R represents a bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group containing 4 to 16 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms which has a bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group containing 4 to 16 carbon atoms as a substituent; R represents a hydrogen atom, or a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms; or R and R represent a bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group containing 4 to 16 carbon atoms together with the carbon atom to which they are bound, provided that the alkyl group and the bridged cyclic hydrocarbon group may have at least one substituent selected from a group consisting of a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may be optionally substituted, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an acyl group containing 2 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a carboxy group esterified with an alcohol containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms.


A problem related to prediction of an order statistic in a future sample based on earlier samples is analysed here. The basis for this analysis is a predictive distribution. The problem is that, during a life test while sampling, the shape parameter shifts from an exponential to a gamma. Under this situation, the effects on the Bayes prediction region and on the variance of the predictive distribution are analysed. The discussion includes change in prior degree of belief as well.


Design management is difficult but important in project management. It increases the complexities and difficulties during the complex hospital construction project. How to achieve the coordination of design management is a very important topic. This paper has studied the collaborative design management of hospital construction project under the whole process execution mode. Through the analysis of management relationship, decomposition of WBS work content, selection of information collaboration platform, build of system architecture, allocation of responsibilities, and establishment of operation mechanism, a collaborative system of hospital construction project design management based on the whole process consultation is established, aiming to provide reference for the similar type of projects.


Customer relationship management is a modern business philosophy that grew out of relationship marketing focusing on a consumer as an individual, i.e. on satisfying consumer needs in order to foster their loyalty and turn them into repeat customers. Although the primary goal of customer relationship management is to ensure the stability of revenue generation from a long-term partnership between a supplier and a consumer, it is also a philosophy that rationalizes operations primarily through reducing the costs of attracting new customers, thereby optimizing inventories. Inventory optimization involves adjusting the production process to the needs of consumers. In the modern retail environment, characterised by high level of competition, maintaining inventories not readily marketable can mean the difference between survival and going out of business. Therefore, modern retail systems tend to optimize inventory. Today, this would be impossible to do without the possibilities provided by CRM systems, in particular its subsystem, analytical CRM. Monitoring consumer behaviour in retail is within the scope of CRM system. Data obtained from such systems serve as the basis for inventory management. However, for inventory management to be possible, one has to consider which models, especially stochastic, can be used in inventory optimization. These models then need to be applied in the analytical subsystem of the CRM system. For such models to have use value, it is necessary to adjust the transaction part of the CRM system in terms of collecting the data needed for selected retail inventory optimization models. The answers to these and other questions relating to the use of analytical CRM in optimizing retail inventory are contained in the results of this research.


Methyl esterifing products were extracted by petroleum ether while quick hydrolytisis of methyl esterifing products was being in progress,after qualitative test of the extract with combined gas chromatograph—mass spectrometer,a quick analysis for vegetable oil in alkyd resin was established which has practical applictation in daily monitoring for alkyd resin material used in coatings.


Overreaction Effect can be traced back to 1980's when DeBondt and Thaler (1986) argued that there existed a strong tendency for both low and high performing securities in one period to experience reversal in following years. Since then it has become one of the grey areas in finance and lead to an on-going debate on its existence. The current paper critically evaluates the work of various authors discussing the possible causes of the effect and its behavioural aspects.


Objective:To set up a method for analyzing and distinguishing all the chemical components in Liu-shen Wan.Methods:Powder X-ray diffraction analysis was used to analyze Liu-shen Wan and the X-ray diffraction Fourien pattern was obtained for distinguishing Liu-shen Wan.Results and Conclusion:X-ray diffraction Fourien Pattern analysis is a feasible method for the identification of Compound Chinese traditional preparation.


Holographic and moire non-destructive testing are well adapted for analysis of composite materials, namely for delamination, cracks inspection, buckling during loading mode and physico-chemical states, because they are quick, cheap and more powerful than other procedures. Some cautions in experimental processing, fringe control and interpretation are nevertheless important to respect particulary for automatic decision of reject or acceptation.


It is widely known that the success of teaching and learning systems on TVET is multidimensional, implying that measurement requires a number of different competences to capture each element. The point as an important key of successful at the teaching-learning process in the classroom is teacher professionalism. We need more regulation to combine disparate indicators of teacher professionalism competencies into a single composite measure. This paper will examine the pedagogic, personality, professionalism, and relationship competency's issues that involved in the creation of composite indicators. The analysis suggests that the technical choices which is made in the construction of the composite can have a significant impact on the outcomes. Analytical issue in the design of composite indicators clearly has an important policy implications. This report highlights the issues which need to be connected to the issues about construction of robust composite indicators, so that it can be designed in ways, which will minimize the potential for misleading performance information, also possible to make a failure in deliver the expected improvements or even produce a side-effects. Index Terms composite variable, professional competence, vocational education.


The hydrogen compression that occurs in a metal hydride compressor is based on the chemical and thermal processes of hydrogen absorption and desorption into an intermetallic structure of metals. The concept presented in this article is centred on the use of an optimal metal alloy that is capable of absorbing hydrogen into its structure at a low temperature and pressure. After such an alloy is heated up, its pressure will significantly increase, and this facilitates the compression of hydrogen without it being in direct contact with the movable parts of the compressor. As a result, the safety of the compression process is increased. The hydrogen compressor contains a pair of tandem metal hydride (MH) tanks with an integrated heat exchanger. The tanks are alternately heated and cooled, so that while hydrogen is absorbed in one of the tanks it is concurrently desorbed in the other tank. The unique nature of the prototype single-stage metal hydride compressor consists in using a heat pump that facilitated a significant reduction of the consumed electric energy in the heat transport between the tandem-arranged tanks. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the possibility of integrating a heat pump as a source of heat and cold for the process of absorption- and desorption-based hydrogen compression. With the prototype MH compressor presented in this article, a compression ratio of ε = 2.0 was achieved while the tanks were operated at temperatures ranging from 12 to 55 °C. In a single cycle, the compressor worked with 166 litres of hydrogen, which was absorbed into 3.125 kg of the La0.85Ce0.15Ni5 alloy. The average heating power that was achieved on the side of the condenser that heated the MH1 tank was 362 W, and the cooling power that was achieved on the evaporator side was 300 W. The achieved value of the heat pump COP was 2.92.


Recently, induction heating systems are being widely used in many applications, and wireless power transmission systems are being introduced into commercially available electrical vehicles. These applications use time varying magnetic fields (under 100 kHz) which are in close proximity of the human body. Therefore, it should be discussed an influence of the time varying magnetic fields around 100 kHz to the human body. This paper presents design and implementation of a magnetic field generator for biological research. While conventional magnetic field generators only produce one frequency component, this paper discusses a multi-frequency range magnetic field generator with frequencies of 200 Hz and 20 kHz. In addition, actual systems with the inverter circuits for the purpose of biological evaluation are presented.


43 2 CHAPTER As the global economy comes out of its deepest downturn since World War II, the prospects for growth vary substantially across and within regions (Figure 2.1). In some economies average growth during 2010–11 is projected to exceed 10 percent, whereas in others it is expected to be negative. Apart from the differences in trend growth rates, the pattern observed in the world growth map reflects the varying speeds of recovery toward full-capacity output across economies and regions. As discussed in Chapter 1, supporting the recovery are easing financial conditions, normalizing trade, rebounding capital flows, a turn in the inventory cycle, and, importantly, growth-stimulating policies. In some cases, however, holding back the recovery are unhealed financial systems and weak public or household balance sheets. The relative importance of these factors differs greatly across economies and regions. What helps explain the different speeds of recovery across economies? Although there is no simple answer to this question, the analysis of current (near-term) growth projections reveals several striking patterns (Figure 2.2). In particular, economies with larger output losses during the Great Recession are expected to recover more slowly than those that fared better. Moreover, those that entered the crisis with preexisting domestic imbalances (as evidenced by large current account deficits, credit booms, and the like) are typically projected to experience more sluggish recoveries. More limited room for policy maneuvers, as measured by high public debt levels, is also associated with more muted projected recoveries. Of course, there are exceptions to these patterns, and many other country-specific factors remain important. Two additional features of the projections stand out. First, many advanced economies are expected to undergo more subdued recoveries than most emerging and developing economies. Second, the recovery is projected to be strongest in Asia and weakest in emerging Europe. Against this backdrop, Chapter 2 presents the economic outlook and discusses key policy challenges across economies and regions, starting with North America (Canada, United States), followed by Asia and other advanced economies (Australia, New Zealand), Europe, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), and sub-Saharan Africa. Source: IMF staa estimates.


The results of research on the apparent ileal and total digestibility of nitrogen and amino acids in mink and polar foxes are presented. The research reveals lower values of apparent nitrogen and amino acid digestibility coefficients in the small intestine than in the whole alimentary tract of these animals fed on diets containing different sources of animal protein. Fresh fish proteins showed higher ileal and total digestibility of nitrogen and amino acids than fish meal proteins. The increase or sole content of fish meals in the diets caused more rapid digesta passage, a rise in the amount of voided faeces and lower apparent ileal and total digestibility of nitrogen and amino acids. After diets containing whole fish and beef, the amino acids with the highest digestibility were methionine and lysine. After the diets containing fish meal, meat meal, meat-and-bone meal, and poultry by-product meal, arginine was the amino acid that was the quickest to be absorbed from the small intestine in mink and polar foxes. The amino acids of the lowest availability in the small intestine, as well as in the whole alimentary tract of these species appeared to be threonine and cystine. The lowest apparent digestibility of these amino acids probably resulted from their high content in endogenous nitrogen released in the digestive tract of mink and polar foxes.


The study was carried out to investigate the effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) on histomorphometric changes in the aorta and heart of thermoxidized palm oil-fed rats. Thirty two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control group fed with normal diet; 5 times heated palm oil-fed group (5HPO) fortified with 15% of 5HPO; VCO group supplemented with 1.43ml/kg of VCO; and 5HPO + VCO group. The treatment lasted for four months. Upon sacrifice, aortic and heart tissues were processed for light microscopic studies. Light microscopic studies showed thickened intima and media of the aorta in two out of eight rats in the 5HPO group only, while the rest of the rats did not show any thickening of either the intima or media of the aorta. Intima media area (IMA) in the VCO, 5HPO and 5HPO+VCO was significantly increased compared to the control group. Circumferential wall tension (CWT) and tensile stress (TS) in the aorta of 5HPO showed a significant increase compared to the other groups. Cardiomyofibre width in 5HPO group showed a significant increase in size compared to the control, VCO and 5HPO+VCO groups. Cardiomyofibre nuclear size in the 5HPO group decreased in size significantly compared to the control, VCO and 5HPO+VCO groups. VCO supplementation at a dose of 1.43ml/kg showed protective effects on the aorta and heart of thermoxidized palm oil fed rats.


There have been repeated initiatives in England and Wales over recent decades, which have been designed with the express ambition to put the needs and concerns of victims at the heart of the criminal justice system. Despite this, I have previously argued that there is an ongoing failure on the part of many policy-makers and practitioners to engage with the scale of trauma reactions amongst victims, witnesses and – indeed – defendants. Consequently, the ways in which trauma can mitigate against establishing credibility and produce barriers to effective


Abstract This paper analyzes the socioeconomic determinants of consumption of wild fish among the Kichwa and Shuar indigenous peoples in the Ecuadorian Amazon. The results of a random-effect linear model show that the consumption of wild fish is higher for households with younger heads that do not have off-farm work and reside far from urban centers, in communities with low population densities. Although various actors promoting aquaculture in the region often claim that it helps to relieve the pressure on wild fish stocks, no statistically significant effect of the consumption of cultivated fish on the consumption of wild fish could be shown. Thus, our analysis suggests that public policies and development interventions which increase access to off-farm employment can both improve local livelihoods and conserve biodiversity, but that the same affirmation cannot be made for the promotion of aquaculture.


This study traced the development of gender differences in learning opportunities, achievement, and choice in mathematics among White, African American, and Latino students using data from a nationally representative sample of eighth-grade students who were resurveyed in the 10th grade. It found that in this age group, female students do not lag behind male students in test scores and grades and that White female students are exposed to more learning opportunities in mathematics than are male students. However, all female students tend to have less interest in mathematics and less confidence in their mathematics abilities. Gender differences are the largest among Latinos and the smallest among African Americans. Furthermore, the major barriers to mathematics achievement for White female students are attitudes and career choices and for minority students of both sexes, they are limited learning opportunities and low levels of achievement.


Bacterial blight is one of the most important disea of Pomegranate caused by bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae (Xap). The disea se is characterized by small, irregular, translucent, water soaked spots with light to dark necrotic centre surrounded by prominent yellow margin on leaves. The isolates were made from the s ymptomatic samples collected from five different locations viz. Loni, Astagaon, Talegaon, Sangamner a d Rahuri belonging to Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra state, India. The variability was studied among the five isolates of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae by using 10 RAPD primers, out of which 07 primers produces t otal 26 scorable bands with an average of 3.7 bands per primer. Out of 26 bands, 21 bands were fo und to be polymorphic and level of polymorphism was 80.76%. The Jaccard's similarity c oefficient showed that the isolate Loni (Code Xap I) was found to have higher value of similarity coefficient 0.88 with Astagaon (Code Xap II), whereas Talegaon (Code Xap III) was found to have l ower value of similarity coefficient 0.20 with Rahuri (Code Xap V). The cluster analysis based on similarity coefficients divides the five isolates into two major and two sub clusters. These results indicate a high level of genomic variability among the isolates even within the same geographica l regions.


The goal aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Coaching and Mentoring Methods can impact the performance of students in the Mandarin Department. With a good quality of education, is expected to be able to produce optimal achievements in students. From the results of the observations made, it was found that the low achievements produced by students of the Mandarin Department State University of Surabaya, both academic and non-academic. The low achievement of students is influenced by various aspects, both internal and external. The coaching and Mentoring method is one of the methods that can help optimize student achievement according to their respective interests and talents. In this study, the approach used was Class Action Research, this study also through several procedures, including planning, implementation, monitoring, reflection. This study focuses on students of the Mandarin Department who are members of Student Activity Groups that are based on their respective interests and talents. As long as the application of research is found, coaching and mentoring methods can increase student activity and creativity, so that the resulting academic and non-academic achievements have increased significantly compared to previous years. Keyword : Achievement, Coaching, Improvement, Mandarin Student, Mentoring.


1. The gametophytic development, after the formation of the mature spore, is described for Lilium regale. 2. Explanations for the peculiar configurations of generative cell chromosomes are presented. 3. Evidence is presented that the chromosome is more of an autosome unit at mitosis than has previously been assumed. 4. A cytological explanation of the mechanism of the formation of chromosome interchanges is presented.


Three dimensional numerical analysis for the coal fired boiler has been performed to investigate the effect of yaw angle variation of the secondary air nozzles on the combustion characteristics and NOx emission. It was found that the prediction gives a good agreement with plant data. The increase in yaw angle up to 20° have results in the decrease in NOx emission at furnace exit and recirculation flow intensity, together with the increase of unburned carbon in ash. It also has been recognized the remarkably change in configuration of fire ball with increase in yaw angle. The results from this study would be valuable in the case of the combustion modification of the corner firing coal-fired utility boiler.


This paper focuses upon the appearing new image of the urban space in mid-16th century seen in the town planning of 'Nieuwstad' of Antwerp. We have found unpublished drawings for the development of the Nieuwstad during mid-16th century in the collection of Stadsarchief Antwearpen, and tried to reconstruct them in exact size for formal analysis. We have found that the project installing canals and quays for large ships was changed several times and developed to the rational grid plan, that is obviously different from the district of the Middle Ages. That could be estimated as one of the developing stages of town planning of Northern Renaissance in Low Countires.


economic divergence. As funds run short, policing and enforcement of existing regulations weaken, the EU institutions lose the capacity to enforce the rules and deregulation increases in order to accommodate the few countries that still remain. CAP payments at the EU level are phased out and finances for agricultural research are minimal both at EU and national level. Responsibility for agricultural policy is returned entirely to national governments, leading to huge disparities in agricultural support measures in different parts of EU. On a global scale, the EU lags behind in the areas of technology, economy and trade compared to the US, China, India and Latin America. The lack of free trade agreements and high export barriers for agricultural products mean that organic production is mostly destined for domestic markets. Political instability also leads to a less well-functioning internal market, giving room for protectionism, tariffs, duties, border controls and legislative barriers. The EU single market is severely fragmented. Less frequent inspections due to weaker institutions lead to increased cases of fraud in the organic food market, eroding consumers' trust.


The article suggests the discriminant model of the small enterprises' bankruptcy diagnostics,
it considers the peculiarities of their functioning under the conditions of the Ukrainian economy.
Keywords: estimation of bankruptcy probability; model; discriminant analysis; small enterprises.


//Suppose that the following functions have been defined that make (or cancel) the appropriate // reservations. The last two functions respectively compensate for the first two functions. if (wait(self())) abort(t);g int X_conference() f tid t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, t6; Airline* air; t1 = initiate(flight_reservation, "Delta", "6/11/1994", "6/14/94"); begin (t1); if (!commit(t1)) f t2 = initiate(flight_reservation, "United", "6/11/1994", "6/14/94"); begin (t2); if (!commit(t2)) f t3 = initiate(flight_reservation, "American", "6/11/1994", "6/14/94"); begin (t3); if (!commit(t3)) return 0; // Activity Failed else air = "American";g else air = "United";g else air = "Delta"; // Flight reservation has been made at this point t4 = initiate(hotel_reservation, "Equator", "6/11/1994", "6/14/94"); begin(t4); if (!commit(t4)) f do ft5 = initiate(cancel_flight_reservation, air, "6/11/1994", "6/14/94"); begin(t5);g while (!commit(t5)); // Compensate for the flight reservation already made return 0;g // At this point, hotel and flight reservations have both been made t5 = initiate(car_reservation, "National", "6/11/1994", "6/14/94"); begin(t5); t6 = initiate(exclusive_car_reservation, "Avis", "6/11/1994", "6/14/94", t5); begin(t6); if (wait(t5)) f // Whichever of t5, t6 completes first wins abort(t6); commit(t5);g else commit(t6); return 1; // Activity has completed successfully g execution of these transactions. Even though the functions associated with transactions in our work may appear to be similar in concept to steps, transaction management primitives can be invoked from within our functions. Contract scripts introduce their own control ow syntax, while our approach uses the control ow syntax of the host language (e.g., O++) and only introduces a small set of transaction management primitives. As with contracts, ASSET allows explicit dependencies between transactions to be expressed using the form dependency primitive. One of our future goals is to develop further the underlying transaction management system of ASSET to exploit the concurrency semantics inherent in objects 10]. This will take advantage of the semantics of objects in an object-oriented database, by considering the compatibility of class speciic operations (methods). We believe that many operations in an object-oriented database may commute. For example, operations to increase an existing employee's salary and to add a new employee to a department commute. Also, operations on an object commute provided they operate on diierent parts of the object. For example, operations that update an employee's salary and change the employee's department commute. Hence, we would like to capitalize on the semantics of objects in an object-oriented database, by taking into account the compatibility of class speciic operations (methods). Concepts and mechanisms from Multi-level transactions …


A simple but self-consistent microscopic theory for the time dependent solvation energy of both ions and dipoles is presented which includes, for the first time, the details of the self-motion of the probe on its own solvation dynamics. The theory leads to several interesting predictions. The most important of them is that, for dipolar solvation, both the rotational and the translational motions of the dipolar solute probe can significantly accelerate the rate of solvation. In addition, the rotational self-motion of the solute can also give rise to an additional mechanism of nonexponentiality in solvation time correlation functions in otherwise slow liquids. A comparison between the present theoretical predictions and the recent experimental studies of Maroncelli et al. on solvation dynamics of aniline in 1-propanol seems to indicate that the said experiments have missed the initial solvent response up to about 45 ps. After mapping the experimental results on the redefined time scale, the theoretical resu...


Offering unlimited LTE data use plans in Korea seems to run counter to the general belief about the impact of flat rate tariff plans on the current mobile ecosystem. This study attempts to empirically explain this unusual case using mobile traffic data and an event study approach. The results show a clear growth in mobile data traffic in Korea, though perhaps not enough to apply the term "mobile data traffic explosion." Additionally, introducing unlimited data plans artificially boosted the growth in LTE traffic volume. These results imply that there may not have been a mobile data traffic explosion in Korea before April 2014, enabling Korea's mobile carriers to launch unlimited LTE data plans. Thus, policy makers in Korea should thoroughly investigate whether potentially damaging high growth exists and its effect on the mobile ecosystem. Moreover, both the domestic media and the academic community should be cautious about using the term "mobile data traffic explosion" until harmful effects from such high growth in mobile data traffic is identified.


Injustice: homosexual individual estranged due to oppressive intangible and omnipresent forces Allows readers to see themselves as victims and recognize how their rights have been violated by an authoritarian government Provokes revision in how people perceive (homosexual) life, seeing it no longer as misfortune and immutable, but as an injustice and mutable.  Description of omnipresent sense of foreboding  Inability to escape from the dark or repeated references to an oppressive darkness  Representations or references to characters being forcibly silenced (direct attack on State censorship)  Tragic downfall of innocent homosexual individual  Drowning or suffocation  Dreams/Memories  Suicidal thoughts  Preoccupation with (mental) disease  Corruption of capitalism  Economic and political disparities in an unstable environment  State-enforced social norms  Censorship issues  Lack of free choice and personal freedoms  Discriminatory imprisonment and detainment of homosexuals through indirect statutes


An inchworm robotic insect is presented that can displace on a smooth horizontal surface. It consists of a piezoelectric unimorph and two custom-designed limbs. A two-module lumped-parameter model is formulated to assist in the design/analysis process. The geometry of deformation is analyzed first by superimposing the unimorph's elastic deformation to a rigid-body rotation around the limb/ground contact point A geometry configuration is thus identified that maximizes the horizontal displacement of the robot over one motion's cycle. The dynamic module allows simple evaluation of the ground reaction forces and horizontal velocity of the robot's center of gravity. A prototype inchworm robotic insect was designed whose behavior exhibited good agreement with theoretical predictions.


We consider for a > 0, the convex combinations f(z) (l-a)F(z) + azF'(z), where F belongs to different subclasses of univalent functions and find the radius for which f is in the same class.


The present paper describes the approach proposed by the UNIGE SE team to tackle the EVALITA 2020 shared task on Prerequisite Relation Learning (PRELEARN). We developed a neural network classifier that exploits features extracted both from raw text and the structure of the Wikipedia pages provided by task organisers as training sets. We participated in all four sub– tasks proposed by task organizers: the neural network was trained on different sets of features for each of the two training settings (i.e., raw and structured features) and evaluated in all proposed scenarios (i.e. in– and cross– domain). When evaluated on the official test sets, the system was able to get improvements compared to the provided baselines, even though it ranked third (out of three participants). This contribution also describes the interface we developed to compare multiple runs of our models. 1


Background: Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea (AAD) is a common health problem in patients under antibiotic therapy . Clostridium difficile is the commonest cause of AAD . Objectives : our study aimed to compare between cytotoxicity assay and PCR for the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile antibiotic associated diarrhea as regard specificity and sensitivity Methodology: Stool samples were collected from patients clinically suspected to have antibiotic associated diarrhea and proved by sigmoidscope from General Surgery Department in Tanta University. All samples were subjected to cytotoxicity assay to detect C-difficile toxin and PCR to detect ctd B gene encoding for toxin B . Results: Cytotoxicity test showed specificity 96% and sensitivity 90.5%.while PCR assay showed specificity 100% and sensitivity 98%. Conclusion: PCR is rapid, specific and sensitive in the diagnosis of C-difficile Antibiotic associated diarrhea.


Most current Java textbooks for CS1 (and thus most current courses) begin either with fundamentals from the procedural paradigm (assignment, iteration, selection) or with a brief introduction to using objects followed quickly with writing objects. We have found a third way to be most satisfying for both teachers and students: using interesting predefined classes to introduce the fundamentals of object-oriented programming (object instantiation, method calls, inheritance) followed quickly by the traditional fundamentals of iteration and selection, also taught using the same predefined classes.Karel the Robot, developed by Richard Pattis [6] and well-known to many computer science educators, has aged gracefully and is a vital part of our CS1 curriculum. This paper explains how Karel may be used and the advantages of doing so.


Robert Morin: « The cuckoo, the nightingale and the ass » — Paradox or Truth? Diderot's account, in a letter to Sophie, of a dispute between Grimm and Le Roy concerning the respective merits of genius and method, resolved by Galiani's parable of the cuckoo, the nightingale and the ass, can be interpreted in various ways. The author here insists on the importance in Diderot's thought of structure which is necessary for all creation.


Sales performance is widely regarded as an important index of individual and organizational performance. Sales employees require access to organizational and job resources as well as personal resources in order to function effectively. An individual-level sales performance model is proposed that draws from the motivational process represented in the Job Demands-Resources Model (Demerouti, Bakker, Nachreiner, & Schaufeli, 2001). Organizational and job resources are conceptualized in terms of employee involvement climate (Riordan, Vandenberg, & Eastman, 2005). Personal resources are conceptualized in terms of employees' psychological capital (Luthans & Youssef, 2004). The model delineates how employee involvement climate influences engagement; how employee involvement climate and psychological capital interact to influence employee engagement; and how, in turn, engagement impacts salesperson performance. The model will potentially prove useful to human resource managers, organizational development practitioners, and sales managers aiming to up-skill, more fully involve, and engage their salespeople in order to optimize salesperson performance.


Gas chromato-mass spectrometry with a computerized data processing system has been used to study the concentration distribution of C 22 -C 29 steranes, C 19 -C 35 tricyclic and pentacyclic steranes and alkanes in crude oils from the Timan-Pechora syneclise.


Romantic literature in Europe is one of the important trends of thoughts which influenced modern Chinese literature.Its embrace and worship of selfhood awoke the modern Chinese writers' self-awareness and rebelious spirit,and made it a basic motif of their works that represents and emphasizes selfhood.Its theory of advocating emotion enabled them to break the confinement of the feudal reason and see emotion-portraying as the essence of aesthetics,which led to some extreme tendency that objects to artifice and pursues non-utilitarianism.Its opinion of "returning to nature" made them regard the nature as the bailment of their personalities and ideals,and reinforced the component of nature in modern Chinese literature.


Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of hair follicles in the apocrine gland-bearing areas of the body, characterized by inflamed nodules, recurrent abscesses, mucopurulent discharge, and subsequent scarring. A few case reports have described the atypical manifestations, clinical course, and therapeutic challenges of HS in patients with HIV.1,2 However, the relationship between the two has not been explored previously to our knowledge. Our aim was to investigate the association between HS and HIV in the United States. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Recent works have suggested that the no-boundary proposal should be defined as a sum over regular, not necessarily compact, metrics. We show that such a prescription can be implemented in the presence of a scalar field. For concreteness, we consider the model of Garay et al., in which the potential is a sum of exponentials, and which lends itself to an analytical treatment. Compared to the earlier implementation, we find that saddle points with unstable fluctuations can be eliminated by imposition of an appropriate regularity condition. This leads to the appearance of additional saddle points, corresponding to unclosed geometries. We argue that such saddles will occur generically, though we also find in our example that they are subdominant to the closed, Hartle-Hawking, saddle points. When the potential is positive, classical spacetime is only predicted for inflationary histories. When the potential is negative, we recover the AdS gravitational path integral, with a stable scalar field included. One puzzle that we find is that in general the path integral must be restricted to sum only over specific, discrete and late time dependent initial values of the scalar field. Only when the scalar is required to take real values is this puzzle eliminated, a situation that moreover leads to advantageous phenomenological characteristics.


The errors are more common in service operations due to the complexity and heterogeneity of the consumer's needs… Customer may avoid the service failure, in the minor cases, but in the financial institutions like banks there are no minor service failure as it is the dealing of money. Levesque and McDougall (1996) have mentioned that a customer has higher switching cost in banking sector; therefore service recovery is important in a financial institution. The main purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between service recovery and customer loyalty in Shiraz branches of Refah bank. Data were collected by an unstructured questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by content validity, face validity and criterion validity techniques. And its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha technique. Shapiro–Wilk test was used to verify the normality of the variable data distributions. Conclusion shows that service recovery measure can impact customer loyalty. It is also concluded that prompt response, material compensation and politeness of employees play important role in service recovery measures and influence customer loyalty.


In this study, a series of ballistic experiments have been performed to investigate the protection mechanism of some inert reactive cassettes against shaped charge jet. Three kinds of material were tested as a core material of the inert cassettes, i.e. one of rubber materials, a high modulus and high strength composite material used for ballistic protection and a mixture of energetic materials. Parameters such as deformation of the cassettes, occurrence time of jet distortion, leading jet length and residual penetration depth were investigated from the experiments and they were compared to each other quantitatively according to the jet incidence angles. The results show that the increment of cassette deformation caused jet distortion to occur early and jet distortion brought decrease of the length of leading jet. Then the decrease of the length of leading jet accompanied the decrease of residual penetration depth.


It is necessary to reasonably and accurately access the effect of wind power on the operation of power system before the large-scale development of wind power.In this paper,according to the detailed load and wind power output data of Xinjiang power grid in the year of 2008 and 2009,Matlab and Excel software was used to compile data processing program.The effect of the straight invoked wind power and several typical wind farms like Dabancheng wind farm on the operation of system from the peak-valley difference and the fluctuation change of the residual load(the load taken by the other energy units except wind energy generators) caused by the injection of wind power was analyzed.The final conclusion provided the reason and reference for the power system's operation,dispatch and planning.


For solving the problem that the current clone and related bug detection tools can not analyze largescale code and detect modified code clones,a model of clone and identifier inconsistency bugs detection based on the improved model of clone detection via sequential pattern mining is proposed. This model improves the existing submodel of identifier forgotten renaming bug detection,and introduces a new submodel of identifier mistaken renaming bug detection. Identifier renaming inconsistency bugs are detected by computing identifier unchanged ratio ( UnchangedRatio) . Experiment results indicate that this model can detect clone related bugs on the basis of code clone detection,reduce false-negative rate and false-positive rate,and is effective in detecting two kinds of identifier inconsistency bugs.


HgBrI is obtained by room temperature evaporation of an acetone solution containing HgBr2 and I2 in the molar ratio of 2:1.


Varistors, widely used in surge arresters, have to be tes ted at the final stage of their production. The existing testing methods demand a usage of hig h voltages and intensive currents that is inconvenient, destructive and needs extensive powe r consumption. Application of an acoustic emission signal analysis for prediction of v aristor quality has been proposed in the paper. The system prepared for this purpose was described and the re sults of measurements were analyzed and compared with other non-destructive testing methods.


Although the importance of the public policy environment for strategic action of nonprofit organizations has become increasingly clear, research on nonprofits is often divorced from their policy context. The purpose of this article is to present a theoretically informed framework for analyzing policy environments that can inform nonprofit research. Drawing on insights from political science, organization theory, public management, and nonprofit studies, the authors propose that the framework reflects a policy field that is an identifiable set of elements in a specific environment that directly shapes local public service provision. These elements include the structures created by institutions that deliver public programs and the ways in which state and local actors interact with and shape these structures as they work on public problems. Through a research example, the article presents the policy field framework's analytic steps.


The aim of the study is to explore situational, cultural and pragmatic factors that might trigger code-switching during informal conversations outside of the classroom at school among bilingual ado ...


Here, the dependence of growth time on the growth behavior, morphology and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of ZnOnanorods (ZnO-NRs) as a photoanode are demonstrated. Vertical-aligned ZnO-NRs with [Formula: see text]-axis perpendicular to substrate were accomplished via seed-assisted hydrothermal technique at the growth time varying between 0.5 and 24[Formula: see text]h. Growth behaviors of ZnO-NRs can be described into three regimes, which consist of the nucleation stage, ZnO-NRs growth and saturation growth, respectively. ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) corresponding to the nucleation site occur at the growth time below 1[Formula: see text]h. Afterward, the growth regime of ZnO-NRs, which originated from the competition between the vertical and the lateral growth, is clearly observed, and leads to increase in length and diameter. The whole growth of ZnO-NRs is terminated after 16[Formula: see text]h, attributed to low amount of Zn[Formula: see text] and OH− supplied from growth solution. PEC measurement reveals the fast solar response and high photostability of ZnO-NRs. Additionally, the photoconversion efficiency ([Formula: see text] improves with the growth time of 4[Formula: see text]h and degrades for longer time due to the change of total surface area. The maximum [Formula: see text] of 0.13% at 0.63[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] is obtained for the growth time of 4[Formula: see text]h. Our results highlight that the growth time plays a crucial role in controlling growth behavior and the total surface area directly related with the PEC properties of ZnO-NRs.


Unmodeled disturbances always exist in physical servo systems and degrade their tracking performance. In this paper, a practical method named robust control based on disturbance estimation is proposed and integrated for high-accuracy motion control of a dc motor. A finite-time disturbance observer (FTDO) for the unmodeled disturbances is designed and disturbance estimation is used to compensate the unmodeled disturbances via a feedforward cancellation technique. While robust control ensures the global robustness of the proposed controller. Moreover, the controller theoretically guarantees a prescribed tracking performance in the presence of various uncertainties via a novel Lyapunov function, which is very important for high-accuracy control of motion systems. Simulation results show that the proposed controller can estimate disturbances of the load accurately and present the high-performance nature of the proposed control strategy.


Abstract A temperature-variable high accuracy (TVHAR) 10 kΩ resistor has been developed at the National Instituteof Metrological Research, (INRIM), in order to transfer the traceability to high accuracy multifunctioninstruments used in the accredited calibration laboratories. The TVHAR consists of ten 100 kΩ nominalvalue resistors inserted in a copper block and connected in a parallel configuration. The thermal stabilityof the copper block is obtained with a temperature controller. In this paper details of the development ofthe TVHAR and of its thermal behaviour are reported . From preliminary results its relative short-timestability (2h) is on the order of a few parts in 10 −8 , a negligible temperature coefficient around 23  Canda power coefficient on the order of -4 −10 6 /W. c 2009 Polish Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved 1. Introduction Some electrical instruments like digital multimeters (DMMs) and multifunctioncalibrators (MFCs), widely used as standardsfor precision measurements,are calibratedby means of a particular process called "artifact calibration", which requires only asmall number of reference standards: 1Ω and10kΩresistance standards and a 10 V dcvoltage standard [1 3]. The possibility to transport from the primary laboratory (NMI)to the secondary laboratories only a voltage reference and standard resistors instead ofdelicate instruments like calibrators increases the accuracy of the traceability transferand makes the calibration easier and technically convenient.We developed a prototype of a temperature controlled resistor for using it asstandard in all those precision measurements performed in a laboratory at a temperaturedifferent from 23


IJETA welcomes contributions for the special issue on walking as a critical art of inquiry in art and design educational research. The special issue seeks to map emerging ecologies of relation amongst walking practices from arts-based, indigenous, ecological, activist, decolonising, queer, critical and posthumanist modes of inquiry. We are particularly interested in the ways that artful modes of inquiry might open up practices and concepts of walking to the radically pluralistic outside of settler colonialism, resisting the gaze of privilege and the relentless commodification of the processes of everyday life (Cervenak 2014; Honeyford 2015; Rey and Harrison 2018; Truman 2019).


Increasing reports show noninflammation underlying HCC, challenging our understanding of the roles of the immune system in hepatocarcinogenesis. By exploring a mouse model of hepatic tumor induced by hepatocyte‐specific expression of the Hras12V oncogene without obvious inflammation, we found that the proportion of B cells, but not T cells, progressively and significantly decreased in 3, 5‐month‐old transgenic mice (Tg) compared with non‐transgenic mice. Notably, the proportions of total and activated B and T cells all significantly decreased in 9‐month‐old Tg with multiple massive hepatic tumors. Together with the decreased B cell proportion, serum IgG1/2 also significantly decreased in 5, 9‐month‐old Tg. Interestingly, homozygous Tg showed significantly higher B cell proportion and IgG2 levels, accompanied by significantly lower incidences of liver nodules but not adenomas and carcinomas compared with heterozygous Tg. Treatment of Tg with PCI‐32765, a potent Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor for suppressing B cell proliferation and activation, significantly decreased the B cell proportion and IgG2 levels, accompanied by a significantly higher incidence of liver nodules, but had no effects on adenoma and carcinoma. Treatment of Tg with insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) significantly increased the B cell proportion and IgG2 levels, accompanied by a significantly lower incidence of liver nodules and carcinoma, but had no effects on adenoma. Conclusively, B cells and IgG2 may play important roles in suppressing hepatic tumorigenesis, but not development. In addition, hepatocyte‐specific expression of the ras oncogene may play roles in suppressing B cells, while developed hepatic tumors suppress both B and T cells.


The design method of circumstances and repeat was used in the test. We observed and accounted the pattern feature, the growing period, the resistance, the output property of 51 corn hybrids. Through the analysis of the group yield, there were 6 corn hybrids over the contract ZhongDan 2th in the yield. Its increased production were notable (F=2.07). The yield was over 12 414 kg/hm2.


The observation of high-energy extraterrestrial neutrinos is one of the most promising future options to increase our knowledge on non-thermal processes in the universe. Neutrinos are e.g. unavoidably produced in environments where high-energy hadrons collide; in particular this almost certainly must be true in the astrophysical accelerators of cosmic rays, which thus could be identified unambiguously by sky observations in " neutrino light ". To establish neutrino astronomy beyond the detection of single events, neutrino telescopes of km 3 scale are needed. In order to obtain full sky coverage, a corresponding detector in the Mediterranean Sea is required to complement the IceCube experiment currently under construction at the South Pole. The groups pursuing the current neutrino telescope projects in the Mediterranean Sea, ANTARES, NEMO and NESTOR, have joined to prepare this future installation in a 3-year, EU-funded Design Study named KM3NeT (in the following, this name will also denote the future detector). This report will highlight some of the physics issues to be addressed with KM3NeT and will outline the path towards its realisation, with a focus on the upcoming Design Study. 1. Physics with KM3NeT The energy range accessible to neutrino telescopes is intrinsically limited by the detection method to some 10 GeV at its lower end, while at energies beyond roughly 10 17 eV the neutrino flux is expected to fade below detection thresholds even for future km 3-scale detectors. The lower-energy region is dominated by the flux of atmospheric neutrinos (cf. Fig. 3), produced in reactions of cosmic rays with the atmosphere. There are three approaches to identify cosmic muon signals on top of this background: (i) Neutrinos from specific astrophysical objects (point sources) produce excess signals associated to particular celestial coordinates. (ii) Neutrinos not associated to specific point sources (diffuse flux) are expected to have a much harder energy spectrum than the atmospheric neutrinos and to dominate the neutrino flux above 10 14 – 10 15 eV. (iii) Exploitation of coincidences in time and/or direction of neutrino events with observations by telescopes (e.g. in the radio, visible , X-ray or gamma regimes) and possibly also by cosmic ray detectors (multimessenger method). The various astro-and particle physics questions to be addressed with the resulting data have been summarised e.g. in [1] and references therein. Here, we will focus on a few central topics, including a recent development: 1.1. Neutrinos from galactic shell-type supernova remnants


ABSTRACT The 24 August 2014 M  6.0 South Napa, California, earthquake exhibited unusually large slip for a California strike‐slip event of its size with a maximum coseismic surface slip of 40–50 cm in the north section of the 15‐km‐long rupture. Although only minor ( M ∼7 earthquake anticipated on the nearby urban Hayward fault. However, we expect its afterslip to last much longer than one year.


Demographic trends in Poland are analyzed in the context of recent political, social, and economic changes. The divergence between population policy objectives and actual trends under Communism are noted. The author suggests that Poland and the other countries of Eastern Europe face the prospect of declining rates of population reproduction in the foreseeable future. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND POL)


Teacher Performance Assessment is a process to evaluate the performance of teacher at a certain period, to raise higher the quality of education through improved teacher quality. As a quality assurance professionalism of teachers in Teaching and Learning Activities (KBM) in SMA Negeri 1 Luragung to assess teacher performance every last semester. Performace assessment useful to drive the spirit of improving the quality of teachers. So it is necessary to facilitate the development of information technology in teacher performance appraisal system. One of these is the development of information technology Decision Support System (DSS). Decision Support System is called as familiar as the Decision Support System which is a set procedure for model-based data processing and assessment to help managers make decisions. Decision-making in this case is the assessment of teacher performance and suggestions - constructive suggestions for teachers in accordance with obtained score. The Decision Support System Process of Teacher Performance Assessment is assessed on four competencies they are pedogagik, personality, social and professional with a variety of additional points. The assessment of teacher performance used Fuzzy MADM Model with Simple Additive Weighting method of settlement, because by using the SAW method can provide decision makers importance weight for each competency to produce a ranking at the end of the assessment process. This research is held at SMAN 1 Luragung. The Decision Support System (DSS) is  System used to facilitate the school academic for tacher performance assessment. Keywords: Decision Support System, the Teacher Performance Assessment


Background. Respiratory RNA viruses including in�uenza virus have been a cause of health and economic hardships. These viruses depend on its host for replication and infection. In�uenza virus infection is lethal to the chick embryo. We examined whether a combination of trimethoprim and zinc (Tri-Z), that acts on the host, can reduce the lethal effect of in�uenza A virus in chick embryo model. Method. In�uenza virus was isolated from patients and propagated in eggs. We determined viral load that infects 50% of eggs (50% egg lethal dose, ELD 50 ). We introduced 10 ELD 50 into embryonated eggs and repeated the experiments using 100 ELD 50 . A mixture of zinc oxide (Zn) and trimethoprim (TMP) (weight / weight ratios ranged from 0.01 to 0.3, Zn/TMP with increment of 0.1) was tested for embryo survival of the infection (n = 12 per ratio, in triplicates). Embryo survival was determined by candling eggs daily for 7 days. Controls of Zn, TMP, saline or convalescent serum were conducted in parallel. The effect of Tri-Z on virus binding to its cell surface receptor was evaluated in a hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay using chicken red cells. Tri-Z was prepared to concentration of 10 mg TMP and 1.8 mg Zn per ml, then serial dilutions were made. HAI effect was expressed as scores where ++++ = no effect; 0 = complete HAI effect. Results. TMP, Zn or saline separately had no effect on embryo survival, none of the embryos survived in�uenza virus infection. All embryos treated with convalescent serum survived. Tri-Z, at ratio range of 0.15 to 0.2 (optimal ratio of 0.18) Zn / TMP, enabled embryos to survive in�uenza virus despite increasing viral load (>80% survival at optimal ratio). At concentration of 15 microgram/ml of optimal ratio, Tri-Z had total HAI effect (scored 0). However, at clinical concentration of 5 microgram/ml, Tri-Z had partial HAI effect (++). in�uenza A virus in chick embryo. Tri-Z has HAI effect. These �ndings suggest that combination of trimethoprim and zinc at optimal ratio can be provided as treatment for in�uenza and possibly other respiratory RNA viruses infection in man. it shares similar mechanisms for infection, replication and pathogenesis with that of the respiratory RNA viruses [ 3, 9]. of in�uenza virus are carried out in ferret and/or mouse models. However, ferrets and mice are more susceptible to zinc toxicity than other species such as the chick embryo [ 10 , 11]. The chick requires zinc for normal development and can tolerate high intake of zinc supplied in appropriate diet [ 12, 13]. In�uenza virus infection is lethal to the chick embryo. Chick embryo is easy to access as a culture medium, highly susceptible to in�uenza virus, of low cost and was shown to be a reliable model for testing anti-in�uenza drugs [ 14 , 15]. In this study we examined the use of combination of TMP and Zn on chick embryo survival to in�uenza infection. This study shows that a combination of TMP and Zn (Tri-Z) can treat in�uenza virus infection in chick embryo independent of interferon. Six days old chick embryos treated with Tri-Z survived the virus, comparing to controls. In 6 day old chick embryo, interferon is de�cient [26] and the viral infection is lethal. Like other RNA viruses, in�uenza virus depends on its host cell and nuclear DNA for replication and spread which is associated with an increase in amino acid synthesis Excluding host nuclear DNA by enucleation of cells prevents RNA virus replication , Interfering with host DNA by TMP a dihydro-folate reductase enzyme inhibitor) can disturb the hots processes for viral replication. While in bacteria, TMP affects DNA to a point that causes arrest of cell division (bacteriostasis) in man the effect is transient It was reported that TMP may have bene�cial effect in treating DNA virus infections [ 33 , 34]. However, for RNA virus, TMP on it is own is not effective. All embryos treated with TMP alone did not survive the infection, but with Zn, the combination was effective. in vivo, effect not rhinovirus infections (common cold) In chick embryo, zinc did not inhibit in�uenza virus. All embryos treated with Zn alone died from in�uenza virus infection. But, with TMP, the combination enabled embryo survival of in�uenza virus.


Previously in the symmetrical condensed node TLM (SCN-TLM) method conducting boundaries have been placed at the interface between two cells. The author describes modifications that can be made to the SCN that enable a conducting boundary to go through the centre of the cell. The modified TLM method is compared with the traditional TLM method, and with data available in the literature for a waveguide iris. The results reveal enhancement in the convergence of the results as the cell size is reduced.


Objective:To explore the value of MSCT and post-processing techniques in diagnosis of digestive tract spinous foreign bodies.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 30patients with digestive tract foreign bodies confirmed by surgery or endoscopy were retrospectively analyzed.CT plain scans were performed for the patients suspected with esophageal foreign bodies.Dual-phase contrast enhancement CT scans were performed for the patients suspected with gastrointestinal foreign bodies.All images were transmitted to AW4.3station for reconstruction with 0.625mm thickness and multiplanar reformation.Results:From all the 30patients,26patients had esophageal foreign bodies,one patient had gastral foreign body,3patients had duodenal and jejunal foreign bodies.27foreign bodies were fish bones,one was toothpick,and one was migrated drainage tube from bile duct.Conclusion:Using MSCT and post-processing techniques not only can help the diagnosis of gastrointestinal foreign bodies,but also can evaluate complications of the foreign bodies and provide guidance for clinical treatment.


This study was performed to investigate the possible utilization of Hemerocallis fulva (H. fulva) leaves as either functional food or natural antioxidants. To determine the optimum extraction solvent, the dried H. fulva was extracted with 7 solvents, and yield, total flavonoid content and 1,1-diphen...


Objective To understood the iodine level of the students aged 8-10 years in Guang'an,evaluate the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorder(IDD) and guide correct supplementation of iodine for people.Methods Random sampling was conducted by probabilistic method.Urine iodine was detected according to WS/T107-2006;goiter was diagnosed by palpation according to WS276-2007 and the iodine in salt was detected by direct titrimetric method according to GB/T13025.7-1999.Results The urine iodine level median was 270.35μg/L among the students,the students with urine iodine level50μg/L accounted for 1.2%.The adjusted goiter rate was 1.41%.The coverage of iodized salt among the population was 100%,and the coverage of qualified iodized salt was 98.89%.Conclusion The urine iodine level increased among the students in Guang'an.Iodine deficiency disorder was under effective control.Three indicators for IDD prevention and control met the requirement for the sub-objective of IDD eradication.


To expand the capabilities of hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe NMR for sensitive biodetection, a cryptophane host molecule can be specifically targeted to analytes of interest. Water-soluble cryptophanes have been generated with increased xenon affinity (KD=20–30 µM at rt) and 129Xe NMR chemical shifts over a broad (∼300 ppm) spectral window. In particular, trifunctionalized cryptophanes have enabled conjugation of a variety of targeting and solubilizing ligands, and provided routes to enantiopure material. Cryptophane was engineered to bind carbonic anhydrase (CA) II with nanomolar affinity, by attaching a benzenesulfonamide ligand and two water-solubilizing moieties; Zn2+ coordination in the active-site channel was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Using xenon biosensors tailored for CA, progress has been made in manipulating and better resolving the 129Xe NMR chemical shift, as required for multiplexing studies. In one example, HP 129Xe NMR chemical shift changes as large as 7.5 ppm were observed upon CAII binding. Finally, chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) NMR has enabled low-picomolar cryptophane detection, which creates unique biosensing opportunities.


This paper develops a novel adaptive method for topology optimization by separately refining the analysis mesh and the density field according to different refinement criteria. Two indicators measuring the analysis accuracy and the boundary description quality are used as independent refinement criteria for the displacement and density fields, namely the energy error indicator and the so-called gray transitional region indicator. The analysis mesh is refined to improve the computational accuracy of local regions, as well as to ensure the numerical stability of the optimal solutions. Meanwhile, the material density field, which is interpolated by a given set of density points, is refined to enable a high-quality description of the structural boundaries. With such a strategy, the refinements of the analysis mesh and the density points are not bounded together anymore. Actually, each refinement process is independently performed only when and where necessary. Compared with non-adaptive solutions with globally fine analysis meshes and fine distributed density points, the proposed adaptive method is able to remarkably improve the numerical efficiency of the optimization process, as well as to reduce the percentage of gray regions in the optimal solutions.


In both theoretical and empirical fields of economics, demand for money has been received much attention in the past. In Japan, deflation has been prevailed more than 20 years, and there is some possibility that the Bank of Japan's monetary easing policy, which expands money to markets by buying government bonds, has had a significant influence apart from traditional factors. Also, exchange rates for Japanese currency have fluctuated greatly recently because of the introduction of unprecedented monetary policy in the 2010s that may have affected macroeconomic variables and the money demand function in Japan. Using Japanese experience with deflation over last two decades, I provide strong evidence that recent demand for money is affected by real GDP, exchange rates, and economic volatility; however, interest rates and consumer prices have not impacted demand for money. The results also show that introduction of the drastic quantitative easing policy changed the demand function for money.


The magnetic alloys of Cu-Fe (Cu 50 Fe 50 , Cu 80 Fe 20 and Cu 90 Fe 10 ) were prepared by a mechanical alloying method and their structural and magnetic behaviors were examined by X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectra. The magnetization curves did not distinctly show the saturation at 70 kOe for the concentrated alloys of Cu 80 Fe 20 and Cu 90 Fe 10 . The Mossbauer spectrum of Cu 80 Fe 20 at room temperature shows one Lorentzian line of the paramagnetic phase, whereas the Mossbauer spectrum of Cu 90 Fe 10 consists of a sextet Lorentzian line at room temperature and a centered doublet line. The Mossbauer spectra of Cu 90 Fe 10 measured in the temperature ranges from 13 to 295 K, implies that Cu 90 Fe 10 consists of two magnetic phases. One superimposed sextet corresponds to the ferromagnetic iron in Cu matrix and the other one indicates the superparamagnetic iron rich phase.


Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the association between sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity and cardiovascular disease risk in Korean postmenopausal women. Methods: We analyzed data of 2,019 postmenopausal women aged 50-64 years who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2008-2011 and were free of cardiovascular disease history. Blood pressure, height, and weight were measured. We analyzed the serum concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Waist circumference was used to measure obesity. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Sarcopenia was defined as the appendicular skeletal muscle mass/body weight Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity was 16.3% (n=317) and 18.3% (n=369), respectively. The 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease risk in the sarcopenic obesity group was higher (3.82 ± 0.22%) than the normal group (2.73 ± 0.09%) and sarcopenia group (3.17 ± 0.22%) (p Conclusions: Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity appear to be associated with higher risk factors predicting the 10-year risks of cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal women. These findings imply that maintaining normal weight and muscle mass may be important for cardiovascular disease risk prevention in postmenopausal women.


The invention relates to a fuel supply system for a motor vehicle, which comprises a sucking jet pump (6, 7) which is connected to a flow line (5). The valve (16, 17) reduces the cross-section of an opening (20) in a nozzle (14, 15) of the sucking jet pump (6, 7) with increasing pressure in the flow line (5). Hydraulic losses in supplying the sucking jet pump (6, 7) with fuel as a pump fluid are prevented and the conveying performance of the sucking jet pump (6, 7) is maintained, preferably, at a constant level.


THIS PROTOCOL ACCOMPANIES THE FOLLOWING PUBLICATION ATTACHMENTS Example quantification of This standard operating procedure uses the QuEChERS extraction method for the determination of α -cypermethrin levels in serum and other samples from animal studies using gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Adopted from: Lentza-Rizos, C.; Avramides, E. J.; Visi, E., Determination of residues of endosulfan and five pyrethroid insecticides in virgin olive oil using gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Journal of Chromatography A 2001, 921, 297-304.


Abstract
 This chapter discusses the dishes of Konya (Turkey) that reflect the rich culinary culture that Mevlana Celâleddîn-i Rumi described in his book, including the food for special occasions and food used in sacred regional and indoctrination ceremonies. The study also attempts to answer the following questions: (i) How did Mevlevi cuisine influence the Konya food culture? (ii) Are there any sacred books that describe Konya's food culture? (iii) Why are foods and beverages sacred? (iv) How can the forgotten foods be reintroduced?


Bananais a plant thatcanbe used asthe basis fortreatment.Banana trunk containssaponincompounds, flavonoids, andtannins.The purpose of this study was to isolate saponin compound in methanol extract of Ambon banana ( Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum L.) using preparation of Thin Layer Cromatography method. Identification of absorbance value of saponin was done in maximum wave length using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Methanol extract of Ambon banana trunk was obtained by maceration. Saponinsis said to be contained in banana trunk if the foam formed is stablewith the height of2-3 cmhighfor 30secondsin the addition ofone drop ofhydrochloricacid2Nandcolor testLiebermannBurchard(LB) whichproducesbrownringindicatestriterpenesaponin.Resultsofisolationusingeluentchloroform: methanol: water (13:7:2) gave the greenstainspotsonsilicagelplatessprayedwith reagentLBso it is saidthat the samplealso containssteroidalsaponinstypeswith Rfvalue of0.275; 0.325; 0.375.Based on theresults ofidentification usingultravioletvisiblespectrophotometry, absorbance valuewas2.754saponinat209nmmaximum wavelength. Keywords: isolation, saponin, methanol extract, Ambon banana trunk


Introduction When Philip Kohl and I sought to organize a session on "Marxist approaches to archaeological research" for the 1974 meetings of the American Anthropological Association, we faced the problem of identifying American archaeologists who were Marxists. Numbers of anthropological archaeologists had done work which might be related to Marxist approaches, but this research did not in any explicit way acknowledge its debt to a theoretical perspective emphasizing the primary significance of the relations of production to the dynamics of social change. Indeed, more than one of those whom we invited to participate in the session responded that they were unfamiliar with Marxist theory and its possible relation to their work. As Spriggs (1984: 7) has commented: It is only since the mid-1970s that an appreciable number of Western archaeologists have stated their interest in Marxist theory. There have of course been many other "closet" or "hidden" Marxists: those using theories clearly derived from Marxism but who have not chosen to identify the source of their ideas. It is not my intention to "expose" these authors but included among their number are several of the better-known archaeologists of the 1960s and 1970s. The marginal position of Marxism in American archaeology even now is well expressed in the somewhat apologetic title of Spriggs's article ("Another way of telling …"). This marginality derives from various circumstances.


In this paper we show how generalized functions can be used to study the asymptotic behavior of moments of integrals and series in the real and complex domain. We explain how an asymptotic expansion can be obtained in the case of distributions, but show that no such results are possible for analytic functionals


Abstract Dilution of an artificial diet with water or cellulose to nutrient levels of 32% (undiluted), 19% and 10% fresh weight (fw) resulted in increased fw and dry weight (dw) food consumption (both absolute amounts and weight‐relative rates) by velvetbean caterpillars, Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner. Despite these increases, the absolute amount and relative rate of nutrient intake by the caterpillars declined with dilution, as did their dw gain and dw (% fw) and lipid (% dw) contents. The proportion of consumed food (dw, including cellulose) that was digested and absorbed declined with increased dietary cellulose; however, the proportion of consumed nutrients (dw, excluding cellulose) that was digested and absorbed was not affected by the presence of cellulose, although it increased slightly (but significantly) with dietary water. The efficiency with which the absorbed nutrients were converted to biomass energy showed a negative relationship with the various measures of food consumption and thus a positive relationship with dietary nutrient level.


Zigui County,located in the west of Hubei province,in recent years,relying on the joint effect of the three gorges project,the economic development has been increasingly rapid.The ability of finance to promote economic development has been constantly improved,but the financial system and the management still can not adapt to the situation of the development.The author thinks deeply about financial revenue and expenditure of Zigui county,and expects to explore the train of thought for the sustainable development of the county-level finance in the three gorges reservoir area through the analysis of the status quo and development barrier of local finance in Zigui,and provides relevant reference for the development of the region which has a similar situation with Zigui county.


A new Cu–Zn heteronuclear complex, [CuZnCl2L], where L is the dianionic form of N,N'-bis(salicylidene)propane-1,2-diamine, has been prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, and single-crystal X-ray crystallographic determination. The crystal of the complex is monoclinic: space group P21/c, a = 12.195(5), b = 8.009(3), c = 18.082(7) Å, β = 93.745(6)°, V = 1762.3(12) Å3, Z = 4. The Cu atom is coordinated by two phenolate O and two imine N atoms of the Schiff base ligand, forming a square planar geometry. The Zn atom is coordinated by two phenolate O atoms of the Schiff base ligand and two Cl atoms, forming a tetrahedral geometry. The effect of the Schiff base ligand and the complex on the antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans was studied. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic, Metal-Organic, and Nano-Metal Chemistry to view the supplemental file.


ABSTRACT The conviction that higher education should be more responsive to 'the community˚s whether regional or local, is under considerable discussion at the present time. This paper examines the changes introduced in the external and internal systems of governance in French universities as a result of the passing of the Higher Education Guideline Law of February 1984. Higher education planning in France is highly centralised, a fact that often appears contradictory to the basic objectives of the Law which, inter alia, seeks to strengthen the 'local responsiveness˚s of French universities. After offering a brief description of the structures of French higher education, this paper examines the role and significance of the newly established bodies of governance. It concludes that continuing effective central control does not appear incompatible with developing a strategy of greater local involvement on the part of higher education in France.


In October 1981 the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) launched a statewide inventory reduction program. Results have been dramatic. In September 1982, 1 year after the start of the program, inventories have been reduced by more than $14 million (30 percent). A description of the underlying causes for excessive inventories at PennDOT, specific remedies that have developed to reduce inventories, the results to date, and actions planned for the future are presented. The methodology includes the use of fairly simple inventory management performance indicators such as turnover ratios, zero-use reports, and inventory values per lane mile to highlight excessive inventories and establish priorities for their reduction. PennDOT's program is especially relevant to other states that have computerized systems but can also be useful to those whose automated systems are in the design stage. (Author)


The purpose of this investigation is to gain knowledge about how remedial teachers can work with multilingual children's reading and writing acquisition in Swedish as a second language and what is actually needed to help pupils with another native language than Swedish to develop their ability to read. Since the task of every teacher in school in accordance with the Swedish curriculum is to adjust teaching to each pupil's needs, my intention in this study is therefore to find out how the intervieweesworking as remedial teachers individualise their teaching och what methods are preferable in their work with pupils' reading and writing acquisition in Swedish as a second language. I have arrived att the following questions in my investigation: How can remedial teachers work with pupils' reading och writing acquisition in Swedish as a second language? How can remedial teachers adjust their teaching to pupils with different cultural backgrounds? Since my interviewees are qualified professionals with a long experence of working as remedial teachera for multilingual pupils learning how to read and write in Swedish as a second language in primary school, they could therefore give us a godd picture of how we can work with children's reading och writing acquisition and what is to be taken into consideration during the teaching process with regard to pupils' cultural background. They mean that when you work with children who do not have Swedish as their mother tongue you should take into consideration pupils' previous knowledge and find a way of working where children learn through concrete material. Furthermore, pupils' language has to be developed in relation to their earlier experience so that they understand the meaning of what is being said. Since the children's previous training differs a lot and their reading abilities are based on their spoken language, to begin with, the remedial teachers prefer working with the reading acquisition method based on children's speaking abilities. To develop an automatic reading ability, a lot of reading is needed. Pronunciation is a very important point in pupils' reading acquisition process in Swedish as a second language, that is why the remedial teachers use the sound method as a compliment to the whole word method called reading based on speaking.


riety of learners, with careful experimental design and measurement to test the robustness of an effect. Each replication, particularly if it includes slight changes to test the outcomes, adds to the accumulation of evidence that an educational procedure is or is not effective under particular circumstances or for a particular category of learners. This is the kind of inquiry that guides the practice of medicine and many other interventions in human problems. The accumulation of knowledge about a given problem and its potential solutions obtained by a series of careful investigations, including meta-analyses, should guide the practice of education, as we and the works we cite suggest. "Theories" disconnected from practice and ideas promoted in the face of contrary evidence, better known as ideologies, not only deserve the scorn they receive in fiction (e.g., Roth, 2000) and from scientists (e.g., Feynman, 1998; Wilson, 1998) but lead to the kind of self-absorption, self-aggrandizement, and social horrors described so ably by critics of history, literature, and education (e.g., Conquest, 2000; Shattuck, 1999). This is true whether the matter under consideration is methods of teaching or their social contexts. Shattuck (1999) commented about one well-known chaired professor of education who apparently prefers ideology to practices based on sound evi-


Vinyl and isopropenyl isocyanates are obtained in good yield by reacting a toluene solution of acrylic or methacrylic acid with an aqueous solution of sodium azide (Curtius reaction). Some properties of these vinyl monomers are described.


ABSTRACT : The population of productive age will reach 70% in 2020-2030, while the remaining 30% is unproductive population (under 15 years and above 65 years). The increasing number of population will affect on increasing housing needs, whereas if viewed from the availability of land, it will be difficult to realize a private housing that will required land is large enough for each family. When faced with other phenomena, the productive age composition is filled by a year old aged of 35-60 years and dominated by a millennials generation. This generation is very open and accustomed to the use of technology in daily life. The proximity of millennial generation with technology will revolutionize the way of human life, especially how to settle to influence the growth of housing and urban in indonesia. Therefore, with regard to the problem of increasing housing needs due to the explosion of population in Indonesia, if faced with demands of technological demand as a lifestyle of millennials, the concept of ' smart co-housing ' which is the concept of a decent and integrated residential housing that can consist of several families. Smart co-housing contains two concepts of house concept, which are smart house and shared house. Smart house is a concept of houses that apply technology application and directed into the eco-friendly housing because there is control of energy consumption. Meanwhile, house sharing is a residential concept combining of multiple families with the sharing of private and public spaces as a communal spaces. This research uses a descriptive method that examines the concept of smart co-housing to make a description of the concept systematically later compared to similar phenomena that have occurred in other countries (comparative study) to determine the potential and challenge of the implications of this housing concept in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that the smart co-housing concept can be applied in Indonesia as a solution of increasing housing needs for millennials in middle adulthood, in terms of economic, social, and environmental aspects. Keywords : Demographic bonuses, co-housing, middle-aged adult, smart housing


This paper describes the initial concepts and ideas of the CHIMERA project. We first present the historical site, then describe the communication challenge in relation to a projected popular audience. To meet this communication challenge, we explore promising matured technologies, present an overview of our preliminary findings, then describe our vision for an interactive and engaging museum based on an augmented reality network. In the conclusion, we list our immediate initiative and the scientific goals of the project.