Denoting our desired SR ratio (e.g. 2x, 4x) by r , our network, CMSR, takes a target modality input of size H x W alongside with an RGB input of size rH x rW , and produces a target modality output of size rH x rW . Hence, by design, a ratio of r must be preserved between CMSR's two inputs (The architecture of CMSR is given in the original paper, Figure 6). Since CMSR is trained to reconstruct a random patch taken from its modality input (Figure 4 of the original paper, Training process), this random patch is down-sampled, by ratio r , before it is reconstructed by the CMSR network. However, since the ratio between CMSR's two inputs must remain r , the corresponding RGB patch is also down-sampled accordingly, by ratio r . This way, we preserve the same ratio between CMSR's two input patches, as needed. Nonetheless, instead of down-sampling the RGB patch to match this required ratio, it is also possible to naively up-sample the modality patch by ratio r . Clearly, this has the same effect on the ratio between the two patches, which yet again remains r . However, this way, we obtain a different training scheme. Figure 2 compares the two different schemes, corresponding to the two different scales CMSR operates on. We found that by alternating between the two schemes during training, we are able to significantly improve our results. We name this combination of training schemes as the Alternating Scales technique. It allows our network to be optimized using patches of their original scale, as explained in Table 1. We observe that training our network on patches of their original scale improves its generalization capabiliTraining Scheme Modality Scale RGB Scale Down-sampling Original Down-scaled Up-sampling Up-scaled Original


The chain structure of a tetranuclear zinc(II) cluster (Zn4Q6(Ox))0.5n ((Zn4 (C9H6NO)6(C2O4))0.5n) (1) (Q = 8-hydroxyquinoline anion, Ox = oxalate dianion) was determined by X-ray crystallography and characterized by ele- mental analysis, IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. It crystallizes in the mo- noclinic system, space group P21/n (No. 14), with the lattice parameters a = = 13.2222(15) A, b = 11.0566(12) A, c = 16.2224(18) A, β = 92.1770(10)°, V = = 2369.9(5) A 3 , Z = 4, Mr = 607.23 g mol -1 , Dc = 1.702 g cm -3 . The tetra- nuclear zinc(II) clusters form 1D polymeric chains parallel to the b-axis. The π-π stacking interactions involving aryl rings support the formation of the 1D polymeric structure. The neighboring polymeric chains are connected by C-H···π interactions.


Peer-to-Peer (P2P) streaming can be extremely effective in alleviating the load on popular servers and proxies but only if there is a sufficient level of cooperation among the peers. Hence, the question is: do we need incentive mechanisms for P2P streaming? We quantify the cost of sharing and show that, unlike traditional file sharing systems, a streaming system cannot provide good streaming quality to its users if only a few altruistic users cooperate and everybody else defects. To provide service assurance in P2P media streaming, it is necessary to select streaming sources based on their offered rates, availability, and the network dynamics of the paths from the sources to the receivers. We provide a comparative study among incentive mechanisms for file sharing and media streaming, and show that a percentile-based incentive mechanism provides service differentiation. Using the level of contribution, the mechanism provides a way to compute the percentile of each user among all users to estimate the quality it can receive at any time and how much contribution is necessary to improve the future stream quality. The experimental evaluation shows that the incentive mechanism provides near optimal quality if the network is not heavily congested.


With the increasing security threats to the information of Industrial Cyber-physical Control Systems, the quantitative assessment of security risk becomes an important basis of information security research. Based on fuzzy hierarchy analysis, this paper constructs the hierarchical model of industrial control system safety risk evaluation, and obtains the exact value of risk. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively quantify the control system risk, which provides a basis for industrial control system risk management decision.


This paper deal with the precision of underwater acoustic source localization using five-element plane cross array observation platform. The influence of three kinds of errors, namely the time delay estimation error, the array size installation error, and the sound velocity measurement error, on the localization precision, which includes direction and distance precision, are analyzed and simulated.


The stock option intensive is restricted by various factors.According to the stock option intensive model to the executives,this paper analyzes on the effect of stock option intensive to the executives and the infection of the stock option intensive system to the management of Chinese companies.


NOTE: In order to receive credit, students must submit this application AND an official Advanced Placement score report. To obtain an official copy of Advanced Placement scores, call 1-609-771-7300 or write to: Advanced Placement Program PO Box 6671 Princeton, NJ 08541-6671 Title(s) of Advanced Placement Examination(s): Score(s): ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ STUDENT SIGNATURE: ______________________________________________________ APPROVED BY: __________________________________________________________ Alternative Studies Coordinator


In developed countries, the continuing rise in the prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes has contributed to an overall increase in the incidence of both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The observation that even modest reductions in renal function correlate with increased CVD morbidity and mortality has led to the recognition that CKD is an independent risk factor for CVD. Conversely, there is a growing recognition that many pathologic conditions that contribute to CVD, including coronary artery disease, left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, can accelerate the decline in renal function. In addition, physiologic mechanisms designed to compensate for reduced glomerular filtration rate including activation of the Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 4: Insights on Clinical Presentation and Pathophysiology from the Eleventh Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) James A. Tumlin a · Maria R. Costanzo b · Lakhmir S. Chawla c · Charles A. Herzog d · John A. Kellum e · Peter A. McCullough f · Claudio Ronco g · for the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI)


[Objective] Using data envelopment analysis to select variables about synthesize evaluation of performance. [Methods] Used the advanced variables to establish data envelopment analysis model, the relative efficiency vector of n deci-sion making unitsθ=■=(θ1, θ2, …θn)T was calculated. The relative efficiency vector of every decision making units ■* on reject-ing every input variables or output variables was calculated by using backward methods. The variable was selected or rejected in model was decided by the Euclidean distance of ■ * and ■ . [Results] Nine variables about synthesize performance evaluation were selected by using DEA in some stated-owned hospitals. [Conclusion] Data envelopment analysis method can be applied to select variables about synthesize evaluation of performance.


Blocking activity was especially frequent and persistent over Northern Europe during all seasons from late 1958 through 1959 and 1960. Some effects of the blocking on seasonal precipitation are discussed. The initiation and persistent recurrence of the blocking is studied with the help of various mean seasonal charts, particularly those for mid-tropospheric levels. It is suggested that the physical causes of the blocks lie in complex feed-back phenomena between the atmosphere, the North Atlantic sea surface and the Scandinavian Peninsula (particularly its lack of cold-season snow). The latter two factors appear to serve as conservative links in a feed-back chain, thus providing restorative forcing elements on the general circulation over the area. Some precursory signs of such long period blocking are suggested by an analysis of the wintertime meridional flow prevailing between southern Greenland and southern Scandinavia. DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1964.tb00176.x


BACKGROUND
This systematic review evaluated the most effective therapeutic approach to treat periodontal furcation defects with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. The primary outcome was clinical attachment level (CAL). Secondary outcomes were probing pocket depth, gingival margin level, gingival index and plaque index.

METHODS
A comprehensive search of studies published up to December 2019 and listed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) statement. Two reviewers independently searched eligible studies, made a final article selection, and extracted the data of the selected studies to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively (meta-analysis).

RESULTS
Overall, 19 studies were selected for the analysis. Six hundred and eighteen patients (mean age, 45.3) were treated. More commonly used treatment was polytetrafluoroethylene barrier (ePTFE), followed by enamel matrix derivative (EMD) and open-flap debridement (OFD). Only one study evaluated maxillary arch and remaining evaluated mandibular arch. All treatments provided CAL gain, but meta-analysis did not show significant difference among more commonly used treatments and controls (P=0.91; P=0.47; P=0.08, respectively).

CONCLUSION
There is no difference on effectiveness of main therapeutic approaches evaluated for treatment of Class II periodontal furcation defects.


Several modifications of an efficient automatic repeat request (ARQ) scheme proposed by Weldon (see IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.COM-30, p.480, 1982) are studied. Unlike Weldon's scheme, in which all erroneous data packets are discarded, the present schemes make use of copies of the data packet which may contain errors. A number of channel models are considered, namely, a binary symmetric channel, a nonfading, and a Rayleigh fading channel with additive white Gaussian noise. In most cases, it is found that the throughput can be substantially increased. Under poor channel conditions, the use of forward error correction can lead to further improvement. A type-II ARQ scheme which does not suffer the throughput degradation under good channel conditions due to overhead parity bits associated with conventional forward error correction is also analyzed. >


A rapid and accurate UFLC method was developed for determination of scopolamine, hyoscyamine and lobeline in herbal cough mixture found in herbal product (BN) purchased from local market. Reversed phase chromatographic analyses was carried out under gradient conditions using column ACE, C18 (150 x 4.6 mm); packed with 5 μm diameter particles. The mobile phase was Acetonitrile (A) and (buffer was composed 0.1% phosphoric acid and 0.1% sodium lauryl sulfate in distilled water) (B). The gradient mobile phase was as follows: 35% (A): 65% (B) for 10 min; then 80% (A): 20% (B) for 12 min; then 35% (A): 65% (B) for 5 min. The flow rate was 2.0 ml/min. The injection volume was 20 μl. The detection wavelength (λ max) was 205 nm using a photodiode array detector. Linearity of the method was established over the concentration ranges of 80 – 500 μg.ml -1 for scopolamine hydrobromide trihydrate with a retention time about 5.77 minutes, 18 – 112.5 μg.ml -1 for hyoscyamine sulfate with a retention time about 7.52 minutes and 20 – 125 μg.ml -1 for lobeline sulfate with a retention time about 17.74 minutes. Correlation coefficients was greater than 0.99. The recovery level of scopolamine hydrobromide trihydrate, hyoscyamine sulfate and lobeline sulfate were 100.02%, 100.02% and 99.96%; respectively. The method described is quite suitable for routine analysis of herbal extracts and in pharmaceutical preparations.


1.I'm quitting because I want to try some-thing different.我辞职是因为我想尝试不一样的东西。2.I've made a tough decision,sir.Here ismy resignation.长官,我做了一个很困难的决定。这是我的辞呈。3.I quit because I don't want to be stuckin a rut.I want to move on.我不想墨守成规,所以


black and white photograph 11.3cm by 19cm - Staff at Melbourne, Brunswick and Council Tramways Trust Nicholson St Depot just north of Moreland Rd.


Nowadays brand internationalization becomes an important topic discussed by manager and scholar. In the business environment of product homogeneity, it becomes more and more important to consider brand strategy in the perspective of the consumer. This paper introduces the BCM(Brand Concept Map) technology ,and then takes Africa market as an empirical example to draw a brand picture in the mind of foreigner consumer, finally give the suggestion to Chinese brand internationalization.


- Person to person communication locales draw in large number of clients all throughout the planet. The clients' collaborations with these social locales, for example, Twitter and Facebook have an enormous effect and at times bothersome repercussions for day to day existence. The noticeable long range interpersonal communication locales have transformed into an objective stage for the spammers to scatter a gigantic measure of unimportant and malicious data. Twitter, for instance, has become quite possibly the most excessively utilized foundation ever and hence permits an absurd measure of spam. Fake clients send undesired tweets to clients to advance administrations or sites that influence real clients as well as upset asset utilization. In addition, the chance of growing invalid data to clients through fake characters has expanded that outcomes in the unrolling of hurtful content. As of late, the detection of spammers and distinguishing proof of fake clients on Twitter has turned into a typical space of examination in contemporary internet based informal organizations (OSNs). In this paper, we play out an audit of strategies utilized for identifying spammers on Twitter. Besides, a scientific categorization of the Twitter spam detection approaches is introduced that characterizes the strategies dependent on their capacity to identify: (I) fake content, (ii) spam dependent on URL, (iii) spam in moving points, and (iv) fake clients. The introduced methods are additionally analyzed dependent on different elements, for example, client highlights, content elements, chart highlights, structure components, and time highlights. ongoing improvements in Twitter spam detection on a solitary stage.


Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the CNS which may be influenced by diet- and gut bacteria-produced metabolites. We have shown that phytoestrogen-metabolizing bacteria are reduced in MS patients compared to healthy individuals. The importance of phytoestrogen-metabolizing bacteria was validated in EAE, an animal model of MS, where lack of isoflavones (a type of phytoestrogen) in the diet and/or lack of phytoestrogen-metabolizing bacteria lead to increased disease severity. However, the cellular and molecular pathways through which isoflavones/gut microbiota modulate EAE is unknown. Cellular analysis of the gut and periphery showed that isoflavone-fed mice have an increased number of CD8 T-cell in the colon compared to mice on an isoflavone-free diet. Moreover, CD8 T-cell knockout mice lose isoflavone-mediated disease protection, suggesting an important role of CD8 T-cells in this process. Due to the structural similarity between isoflavone metabolites and endogenous estrogen, we hypothesize that isoflavone metabolites may induce regulatory CD8 T-cells via engagement of estrogen receptors (ERs). Flow cytometric analysis of colonic CD8 T-cells showed that isoflavone-fed mice had higher expression of both ERα and ERβ and produced lower levels of IFNγ, perforin, and IL10. We are utilizing conditional KO mice lacking ERα or ERβ exclusively in CD8 cells to determine the importance of ERs in the generation of diet-induced CD8 T-cells. In summary, our data suggest that bacterial metabolism of isoflavones may lead to EAE disease suppression through immunomodulation of CD8 T-cells via estrogen receptor signaling.
 Supported by grants from NIH (1R01AI137075-01) and VA (1I01CX002212)


A quantitative method is proposed for determining the absolute density of the ground (in g/cm/sup 3/) in road building from the attenuation of gamma rays passing through it. The elements encountered in the ground can be divided into two groups according to their ability to absorb gamma radiation: Si, C, N, O, Mg, S, K, Ca; and Al, Na, P, Fe. Curves showing the dependence of gamma - ray, attenuation on the surface density of the absorbing layer of the ground are constructed from analytical and experimental data for both groups. A separate curve is plotted for water because of its anomalous behavior in relation to gamma -ray absorbability. The effect of humidity of the ground is taken into account. The diagram is valid only for certain gamma -ray sources (e.g., Co/sup 60/) and detectors. In the terrain being explored two approximately parallel holes 1.0 to 1.5 m deep and 30 to 55 mm apart are bored. The source of radiation is placed in one and the detector in the other. From the measured values of radiation, the geometry of the bored holes, and the graph, the density of the ground between the holes can be easily determined, as wellmore » as the density variation with depth. A numerical sample calculation is given. (OTS)« less


This study investigates the performance characteristics of nano-CaCO3/SBR-modified asphalt mixture. SBR-modified asphalt was mixed with nano-CaCO3 particles at a concentration of 3%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 7% by weight of asphalt binder. Wheel track test was used to determine the proper dosage of nano-compound modifiers which are comparable to SBS-modified asphalt mixture in terms of deformation performance at high temperature. Asphalt mixture performance tests such as static creep test, overlay test and three-point beam bending test were conducted for nano-modified asphalt mixture and SBS-modified asphalt mixture. The micro topography and micromechanical property of modified bitumen are evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the modification mechanism of nano modifiers. Results show that 5%CaCO3/4%SBR-modified asphalt mixture has superior rutting resistance and creep characteristics at high temperature in terms of wheel track test and static creep test. However, reflection cracking resistance and flexural deformation stability of 5%CaCO3/SBR-modified asphalt mixture at low temperature are slightly worse than SBS-modified asphalt mixture. Despite this, ANOVA result indicates that the difference between the two kinds of asphalt mixture is not significant. AFM test result reveals that 5%CaCO3/SBR modifier can well be dispersed in bitumen and evidently increase the micromechanical properties of bitumen such as adhesion and dissipated energy while it has a negative effect on Derjaguin–Muller–Toporov (DMT) modulus. In general, 5%nano-CaCO3/4%SBR modifier has the desirable potential to comprehensively improve the performance of hot mix asphalt and is promised to be applied in the warm area.


In this paper the parameters of the coupling between the feed and the slot and, between the slot and the antenna are determined and then used in the equivalent circuit to design the antenna. A good agreement is obtained between the predicted results based on the equivalent circuit and the results obtained from the software based electromagnetic simulation. Finally a single feed cross slot circular polarised antenna is designed using an equivalent circuit, modelled using electromagnetic simulation and practically tested. A good agreement between the three results is obtained.


Results from numerical models and theoretical analyses are presented that describe the development of eddy current heating in copper bus bars, both with and without superconducting elements, in response to the rapid decay of current in a nearby superconducting magnet such as in micro-SMES systems. The analysis differs from those available in the open literature in that the change of magnetic field is neither instantaneous, nor sinusoidal. We especially investigate eddy current heating in the regime where the field decay time is on the order of the current diffusion time constant. It is found that the self-inductance of the copper bus bar contributes significantly to the time dependent heat generation. Analytical results are compared to experimental data in the form of subsequent temperature excursions of a liquid helium cooled copper bus, in response to field ramp rates on the order of 1.5 tesla/second.


This article deals with creative work in the way of selfactualization. Creative work of selfactualization was determined as ability for creative method of approach to any expression of life. Complex method of approach to development of students creative activity is integral system of dialectically interdependent pedagogical science principles, methods and means of bringing up of their activity.


As a prototype of Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment far detector, ProtoDUNE single-phase liquid argon Time Projection Chamber will sit in H4 beam line at CERN to study detector response to particles. It consists of 6 full-size Anode Plane Assemblies (APAs) plus 2 Cathode Plane Assemblies (CPAs) to form two 3.6m drift regions with total 15,360 readout channels. To achieve optimal noise performance, readout electronics developed for extremely low temperatures (77K-89K) operation has been studied with an integral design concept of APA, cold electronics, feed-through, plus warm interface electronics with local diagnostic following strict isolation and grounding rules. By the end of September 2017, the first full-size APA has been integrated with readout electronics successfully for the coming cold integration test at CERN.


A combined geochemical and Sm–Nd isotopic study on the Palaeoproterozoic (1,845 Ma) granites of the Lesser Himalayan Crystalline Sequence (LHCS) in the Garhwal region of NW India has been done in the present study. These granite samples are characterized by high silica, alumina, and potash and belong to a peraluminous to strongly peraluminous series, having molar A/CNK values of 1.01 to 2.4. The low P2O5 contents and its negative correlation with SiO2 presiding out that the granites have S‐type affinity, also supported by various classification diagrams (ACF; SiO2 vs. P2O5, Na2O + K2O‐CaO, and Th). The concentration of trace elements Ba, Sr, Nb, and Ti are low, and Rb, Th, U, and Pb are found to be high. The granites have low total rare earth elements contents of 56.19–229.16 ppm with enrichment in Light rare earth elements (LREE) ([La/Yb]N = 1.61–15.08) and negative europium anomaly (Eu/Eu* = 0.12–0.31). Sm–Nd isotope studies were also performed for three granite samples. Estimated model ages as 2.5–2.7 Ga, indicates the contribution of the Archean crustal substrate as their protolith source. Therefore, we assume that the melting of metasedimentary rocks with Archean protolith can form these peraluminous granites in an accretional–collisional event, during the Palaeoproterozoic on the western flank of the Columbia supercontinent.


Make provision about the promotion of online safety; to require internet service providers and mobile phone operators to provide a service that excludes pornographic images; and to require electronic device manufacturers to provide a means of filtering content.


Reducing number of forwarding nodes is the main focus of any broadcasting algorithm designed for ad-hoc wireless networks. All reliable broadcasting techniques can be broadly classified under proactive and reactive approaches. In proactive approach, a node selects a subset of its neighbors as forwarding node and announces the forwarding node list in the packet header during broadcast. On the other hand, no such forwarding list is generated in reactive approach. Rather, a node (cognitively) determines by itself whether to forward the packet or not based on neighbor information. Dominant pruning and Self-pruning are two example techniques that fall under proactive and reactive approach respectively. Between the two methods, dominant pruning shows better performance than self-pruning in reducing number of forwarding nodes as they work with extended neighbor knowledge. However, appended forwarding node list increases message overhead and consumes more bandwidth. As a result, the approach becomes non-scalable in large networks. In this paper, we propose a reactive broadcasting technique based on self-pruning. The proposed approach dubbed as "Improved Self-pruning based Broadcasting (ISB)" algorithm completes the broadcast with smaller packet header (i.e., with no overhead) but uses extended neighbor knowledge. Simulation results show that ISB outperforms dominant pruning and self-pruning. Furthermore, as the network gets more spread and denser, ISB works remarkably well.


In Brazil, fish are sold in retail fresh or frozen, whole, or gutted. To increase consumption, convenient products with good sensory attributes should be offered. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize, through physicochemical, microbiologica, and sensory traits, a fresh sausage of tambaqui fish (Colossoma macropomum). Three formulations, with different percentages of fat (0, 4.5, and 9%) were developed. To determine shelf life, samples of the products were refrigerated at 4 oC for 12 days and microbiological analyses were performed on days 0, 3, 7, and 12. Analyses of centesimal composition, shear force, cooking weight loss, and water-holding capacity were carried out. The shelf life of the fresh sausages was estimated at 7 days of storage. The sensory attributes evaluated were aroma, color, flavor, succulence, texture, and overall appearance. All treatments showed high acceptance rates, above 80%. The treatment with 9% fat showed the highest mean values in the evaluated attributes, with 86.6%, 83.4%, 92%, 88.2%, 87.2%, and 85.8% for aroma, color, flavor, succulence, texture and overall appearance, respectively. The centesimal composition of the treatments showed the following variations in g.100 g-1: moisture, 72.73 to 68.82; protein, 18.85 to 18.90; lipids, 2.90 to 8.33; and ash, 3.86 to 4.20. Shear force varied from 5.92 to 8.14 N; water-holding capacity varied from 71.83 to 74.71% and cooking weight loss, from 24.21 to 26.59%.


Combating bookishness offers not only cognitive and theoretical bases for the formation and development of CPC ideological line but also methodology. Combating bookishness and sticking to and developing correct ideological line of CPC is the current need to enhance CPC building in the new era as well as a long arduous task.


Using a one-dimensional sound field with two superimposed plane waves, one generated by a primary source and its reflected resultant, the method proposed use a secondary source to cancel the reflected part adjusting the gain and phase shift with regard to the primary source. To achieve this minimization of the reflected part, the total sound field is decomposed into its incident and reflected waves. This precise identification of the reflected part allow to create a control procedure to obtain an optimal absorption.


Zululand customs, various by F.H. Khumalo (written in Zulu). Forms part of the van Warmelo Collection housed at the University of Pretoria.


State responsibility — Nature and kinds of — For wrongs unconnected with contractual obligations — Acts and omissions of State organs and officials — Denial of justice — Cancellation of residence permit by Minister — Natural justice — Right to a hearing — Refusal to disclose information upon which decision based — Privileged information in the interests of security of State — Whether Minister acted mala fides — The law of Lesotho The individual in international law — Aliens — Expulsion of — Procedure — Cancellation of residence permit by Minister — Whether administrative or quasi-judicial function — Natural justice — Right to a hearing — Refusal to disclose information upon which decision based — Considerations of public safety — Information privileged in the interests of security of State — Whether Minister acted bona fide — Onus of proof — The law of Lesotho


AMID the profusion of dreams which arise from the innermost recesses of the mind and which belong uniquely to one individual, there are recurrent themes which are shared by many persons, which would seem to have the same significance for every dreamer, and to denote his membership in clan, culture, or species. Just how universal are these "typical" dreams? Are they susceptible to variations in our cultures or do they represent the universal human situation and/or our common phylobiological structure? Specifically, in what ways would the human similarities and cultural differences between Japanese and Americans be reflected in their typical dreams? In turn, would not the dream questionnaire be a worthwhile sociological and anthropological instrument?


Background: Various factors affect the response of large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), and the high demand for TACE procedures highlights the need for information and methods on the criteria for patient selection. Methods: Thirty-six HCC patients who were treated with conventional TACE between January 2014 and January 2020 and had pre- and postoperative imaging data were included in the analysis. The patients were categorized as tumor responders (complete or partial response) or nonresponders (stable or progressive disease) according to the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST). Eight predictive factors (Tumor diameter, Tumor amount, tumor vascularity, portal vein invasion, tumor location, presence of tumor capsule, Child–Pugh class, and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level) of tumor response were evaluated using multivariate analysis with logistic regression. Results: Only 42% of patients fell into the category of responders after conventional TACE. None of the Child–Pugh class B patients showed a tumor response. A multivariate analysis of the Child–Pugh class A patient group showed that a lesion diameter of 5–10 cm (OR: 8.78, 95% CI: 1.73–44.55; P = 0.009) are an independent predictor of tumor response after the first TACE procedure. Conclusions: A tumor diameter of 5–10 cm could be use as a predictor of tumor response after the first conventional TACE in Child–Pugh A patients, further researches are needed to confirm this finding.


This paper discusses the seismic performance assessment of a 4-story and an 8-story steel-frame building using the FEMA P-695 Far Field ground motion set. The response using the original set of ground motions was compared to the response using ground motions spectral matched to the FEMA P-695 SDC Dmax target response spectrum using an interactive computational tool. Seismic collapse safety was predicted using nonlinear response history analysis using FEMA P-695 methodology where the ground motion set was incrementally scaled with respect to the target response spectrum. The probability of building damage and downtime, as a function of ground motion intensity, was predicted using nonlinear response history analysis using the FEMA P-58 framework and sub-set of the FEMA P-695 Far Field ground motions, where the building response was correlated to structural and non-structural damage via Monte Carlo simulation. The comparisons showed that, for the buildings examined, spectral matching the FEMA P-695 Far Field ground motions had a significant effect on seismic collapse safety and performance predictions. The median collapse margin ratio was similar for both the original and spectral matched motions, but the dispersion was significantly reduced using spectral matching and led to increased collapse safety (reduced probability of collapse) and to reduced estimates of repair costs and downtime.


Anemia is a condition where the body has lack of red blood cells (erythrocytes). The red blood cells contain hemoglobin which it serve to carry oxygen throughout the body's tissues. Data from Private Practice Yosephine in 2019 are the total of pregnancy women who anemia as 20 respondents. This purpose of the research determined the relation between giving the combination of guava juice and spinach juice to increase hemoglobin levels in pregnancy women. This design of the research was a Quasy Eksperiment with non-equivalent control-group from 20 samples of anemia of the pregnancy women. Variable independent was combination of guava juice and spinach juice, the variable dependent was a change in hemoglobin level of the pregnancy women. Data collection is using primer data by the observation sheet measuring hemoglobin level, before and after checking. The research is using t-test. The result of research was hemoglobin level of pregnancy women on treatment group increasing to 10,71 gr% from 10,16 gr%. The result of t-test with significance level α = 0,05 got ρ-value = 0,001 (ρ-value < α (0,05)), which was concluded if there was relation giving combination guava juice and spinach juice to increase hemoglobin level the pregnancy women.


Rotation of acoustically levitated object stopped or controlled according to phase-shift monitoring and control concept. Principle applies to square-cross-section levitation chamber with two perpendicular acoustic drivers operating at same frequency. Phase difference between X and Y acoustic excitation measured at one corner by measuring variation of acoustic amplitude sensed by microphone. Phase of driver adjusted to value that produces no rotation or controlled rotation of levitated object.


gives the Classification of Plants; and Book the the third, their Physiology or Organology. These books are divided and subdivided into chapters and sections. The work is well and clearly written ; and we can only further say of it that we thinrk the student of botany is under very great obligation to Mr. Bentley for having presented him, in such a handy form, with so large a mass of useful materials.


A experience home delivery elsewhere, is not but an unusual it is not experience elsewhere, but it is no quite as common in Canada. In 1975 when I was attending the University of Toronto, I overheard some of my classmates from the Victorian Order of Nurses (VON) discussing a new program in which they were involved: home delivery. They spoke of it as a very interesting and exciting experience not only for the mother and father but also for the nurse. I listened intently and determined that, when the time came, I wanted to give birth to my first child at home.


On his own account, Philippe Bourgois did not intend to write an ethnography of crackdealing in East Harlem in the 1990s. His plan was to write a book about the experience of poverty in a wealthy city. In Search of Respect: Selling Crack in El Barrio does not neglect structural economic questions, nor the cultural and political histories of New York. Its central account, however, is of masculinity, which may be somewhat at odds with the author's intent. More specifically, it is of an immiserised masculinity, and of men struggling against 'structural victimisation' (p. 143). Resistance, that overused word, is to be found in almost every page of this book, and it is one of Bourgois' achievements that resistance is conveyed in such a lively fashion, in terms that render it both sympathetic and ugly. Bourgois spent years in a 'crack neighbourhood', becoming close to street-level dealers and users, observing cultural and social norms, analysing economic exigencies and interpersonal relationships. Beyond the time and labour spent in collecting data*/a complicated process of being subject to vetting and screening, gaining trust, hanging out for days and weeks with people on street corners*/his book (like Lisa Maher's, also reviewed here) reveals thorough efforts to locate the 'crack epidemic' within history, geography, formal and informal economies and intersections of class, race and gender. Indeed, in the second edition, reviewed here, Bourgois includes a new preface and epilogue to update the reader on economic, cultural and social shifts that have occurred in the area in the years since his fieldwork was completed, as well as on the individual stories of those he befriended. A sustained account of both the world inhabited by crack dealers and users, and the ethnographic exercise of understanding that world, In Search of Respect is organised around the relationships Bourgois develops with his informants, who are men in all but one case. The most important of these are with Primo and Caesar, young Puerto Rican men who grew up in the neighbourhood and who for most of the book are street-level dealers. Crack has never had much of a presence in Australia, and is most familiar to audiences here through American representations of antic violence and degradation: 'crack house', Australian Feminist Studies, Vol. 20, No. 46, March 2005


ATLAS measurements of two-particle correlations in √ s = 13 TeV pp collisions at the LHC are summarized. In high-multiplicity events, long-range rapidity correlation of particles with small azimuthal separation, i.e the "ridge", is observed with features similar to those seen in measurements of Pb+Pb, p+Pb, and lower-energy pp collisions. These results are compatible, within uncertainties, with CMS 7 TeV pp measurements.


FIELD: biotechnologies. SUBSTANCE: proposed peptides represent T-cell epitopes of an endothelial marker of a tumour (TEM8), which are able to induce cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) in presence of antigen-presenting cells or exosome, which carry or contain HLA-A*0201. A pharmaceutical composition is proposed for elimination of cells expressing TEM8, extracted exosome and antigen-presenting cell, which carry a complex containing a peptide as per invention with HLA-A*0201 molecule. Methods for induction of an antigen-presenting cell, which can induce CTL that destroy the cells expressing TEM8, as well as cytotoxic cells induction methods have been considered. EFFECT: invention can be further used for cancer therapy. 10 cl, 5 dwg, 1 tbl


N 1854, the distinguished archaeologist Braun discovered and published with a good ii engraving a bronze statuette in a private collection, calling it "Bacco giovane dalla spalla mozza."1 This Bacchus, wearing the characteristic high boots and the ivy wreath in his hair, was remarkable in lacking the whole left arm, exposing a left shoulder sealed with bronze as if there never had been an arm; it was not a case of a break, for the shoulder was smooth and finished. Braun could suggest no explanation for this strange phenomenon which he thought significant enough to bring to the attention of his fellow scholars. I first appreciated the same problem when I began to catalogue bronzes in the Walters Art Gallery and discovered four statuettes all in this condition, a Jupiter, two figures of Bacchus, and a Mercury, and also a detached arm (below, Nos. A3, A20, A26, A27, B1), in a collection of less than 300 items. Recently, various authors have remarked on the quantity of statuettes of various types, all lacking the left arm, and also the number of detached left arms.2 They have deduced correctly that what Braun observed but could not explain was evidence of a process of assembling complicated sculptural creations, casting figure and limb separately and joining them to each other by soldering or brazing, just as statuettes were attached to bases and handles to vases in all periods except the Archaic. The result is the same in each case: statuettes come off their bases, handles leave the vases which frequently disintegrate, and statuettes become armless as if in deliberate teasing of museum goers, making them sigh for the beautiful complete works that once existed. The 38 defective figures and 23 detached arms listed below are very widely distributed and usually do not indicate their place of manufacture; rather, they illustrate a general practice of assemblage.3


In this paper, we try to establish a connection between Heidegger's conception of authenticity and the Aristotelian σπουδαῖος. Through an exploration of Heidegger's reference to authenticity, Aristotle's concept of σπουδαῖος, and a reinterpretation of Heidegger's reappropriation of certain Aristotelian concepts, such as αἴσθησις, πίστις and προαίρεσις, we wish to show that the authentic Dasein has assumed full responsibility of its role in life, and it has developed ontologically, in the same way a σπουδαῖος man acknowledges one's full potentiality in purposeful action. The σπουδαῖος as the authentic Dasein grasps the moment, gives rise to the occasion by directing one's judgement towards the praxis, and comes to provide its own stance in the facticity of life. In fact, the σπουδαῖος, like an authentic Dasein, in a way, comes to reflect the synthesis between θεωρία and πράξις as well as an implicit effort for Dasein to uncover itself to the world and to allow the world to uncover to it.


A method of measuring the instantaneous parameters of a consumable electrode by: (a) providing a laser measuring device and positioning the laser measuring device in the vicinity of the electrode to be measured; (b) activating the laser measuring device to obtain data relating to the instantaneous parameters of the consumable electrode; and (c) transferring the data obtained from the laser measuring device to a computer data processing and storage device to determine the instantaneous parameters of the electrode.


A distributed allocation of resources in the uplink of OFDMA networks is studied through auction theory. A combinatorial auction is formulated and the solutions are provided. Moreover, the users' utility, which is a function of minimum rate requirement and channel gain is defined to enforce truthful resource demands. Since the original problem is NP hard, a method based on simulated annealing applied to find near-optimum results. In a competitive scenario the user valuation is sent to the Resource Allocation Unit (RAU) as the proposed bid, and then the highest bidder wins the auction and pays a value. The algorithm is shown to provide fair distribution of resources among users. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the convergence of the algorithm, the truth-telling behavior of the users, and performance utilization of the network.


This report discusses the role of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), including an overview of the history of science and technology advice to the President, issues and options for Congress regarding (OSTP) Director, OSTP management and operations, the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST), and the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC). The report also discusses actions taken by the Obama Administration regarding OSTP.


In the East, people are confusing housecats (Felis silvestris catus) with cougars (Puma concolor). The excitement of the event may easily distort the perception of size at a distance. Magnification through the use of optics can further enhance a size misconception, particularly if the cat is black. If size to the naked eye is illusionary, then one must resort to other characters, such as proportions and behavior, for distinguishing housecats from cougars. This paper compares the relative proportions, shape and carriage of the head, neck, ears, tail, and feet of the two species.


ABSTRACT Auxin is thought to be an important factor in the induction of galls by galling insects. We have previously shown that both galling and nongalling insects synthesize indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) from tryptophan (Trp) via two intermediates, indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) and indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld). In this study, we isolated an enzyme that catalyzes the last step "IAAld → IAA" from a silk-gland extract of Bombyx mori. The enzyme, designated "BmIAO1", contains two 2Fe–2S iron–sulfur-cluster-binding domains, an FAD-binding domain, and a molybdopterin-binding domain, which are conserved in aldehyde oxidases. BmIAO1 causes the nonenzymatic conversion of Trp to IAAld and the enzymatic conversion of IAOx to IAA, suggesting that BmIAO1 alone is responsible for IAA production in B. mori. However, a detailed comparison of pure BmIAO1 and the crude silk-gland extract suggested the presence of other enzymes involved in IAA production from Trp. Abbreviations: BA: benzoic acid; CE: collision energy; CXP: collision cell exit potential; DP: declustering potential; IAA: indole-3-acetic acid; IBI1: IAA biosynthetic inhibitor-1; IAAld: indole-3-acetaldehyde; ICA: indole-3-carboxylic acid; IAOx: indole-3-acetaldoxime; IEtOH: indole-3-ethanol; LC–MS/MS: liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry; Trp: tryptophan Graphical Abstract An enzyme, BmIAO1, that converts IAAld to IAA was identified in Bombyx mori, which could be responsible for IAA production in a broad range of insects


In this work, a fiber optic-based Fabry-Perot interferometer (FFPI) developed for simultaneous heart rate (HR) and pulse pressure (PP) measurement was investigated. Particularly, the FFPI was designed with simplicity in configuration for highly precise and non-invasive arterial distension measurement whose output was then demodulated via fringe counting to simultaneously obtain both HR and PP information through fringe pattern analysis and Kirchhoff-Love's plate theory, respectively. The sensitivity was then characterized by linear fitting of measured PP inducing a number of interference fringes, whose slope represented the FFPI sensitivity. Experiments were conducted both on a simulating device and healthy subjects, each measurement carried out at least 10 times. Obtained results demonstrated the FFPI sensitivity for PP measurement in both experiments to be ~1.916 mmHg/fringe. For HR measurements, an average difference of 1.24% was found when compared to a digital sphygmomanometer employed as reference. Analysis of the FFPI resolution revealed the impact of the fringe counting technique, interrogating wavelength, and sensing material properties on measurement accuracy. Consequently, the thickness of the transducing thin film was found to have the most impact on PP demodulation. Therefore, optimization of the aforementioned parameters could lead to the development of a more accurate FFPI for PP measurement.


A male patient aged 3 years was the first child of healthy non-consanguineous parents. No family history of similar condition was recorded. Pregnancy was uneventful and he was born at term by normal vaginal delivery. The values for birth weight (3.250 kg) and length (51 cm) were equal to the mean while the head circumference was 29.5 cm ( – 3.3 SD). Marked oedema of the dorsum of the hands and feet was noted at birth. Sparse hair and eyebrows were also apparent. He had normal motor development but displayed hyperactive behaviour and his speech was delayed. On examination of the child, his weight was – 1.5 SD, height was – 1.8 SD and head circumference was 39 cm ( – 7.8 SD). His facial features included sparse hair and eyebrows, sloping forehead with bitemporal narrowing, mild up-slanting palpebral fissures, epicanthic folds, broad nose with rounded tip, long philtrum, thin upper lip, prominent lower lip, pointed chin and prominent, low-set ears (Fig. 1). He had puffy hands and feet with non-pitting oedema up to the mid forearm and calf, respectively, and dysplastic toenails (Figs 2 and 3). General and neurological examinations were normal.


Through analysis and research on the working mechanism of producing PWM outputs and dead-time delay by 87C196MCsingle-chip-computer's waveform generator, a novel PWM control method is presented to control the bridge DC/DC converter with regulatingthe dead-time. Both programming principle and theoretical analysis are expatiated. This method with high resolution and large duty-cycleregulating range is easy to program and occupy a little working time. The correctness and feasibility of the method are confirmed byexperimental results on prototype of constant potential instrument for cathode anticorrosion protection.


Objective Sanguinarine is a component monomer of Eomecon chionantha alkaloids.The aim of this study was to investigate the molluscicidal effects against Oncomelania hupensis and the dose-effect relationship of this component. Methods According to WHO Guidelines for Laboratory Final Screening Molluscicides Process,the mollucicidal effect of sanguinarine was tested by immersion method.At the different concentrations of sanguinarine,Oncomelania snails were immersed for 24,48,72 and 96 h at 25 ℃ to evaluate the mortality of snails and to determine the dose-effect relationship. Results An excellent molluscicidal effect of sanguinarine was demonstrated by the immersion test.The dose-effect relationship showed that all the mortality rates reached 90% when snails were immersed at the concentrations of 25,6.25,and 0.78 mg/L for 48,72,and 96 h respectively.The mortality rates were both 100% when snails were immersed at the concentrations of 25 and 12.5 mg/L for 72 and 96 h respectively. Conclusions Eomecon chionantha is an effective plant molluscicide and sanguinarine is one of the active components in Eomecon chionantha alkaloids.


The optical response of an amorphous tungsten oxide half cell upon varying degrees of protenation is examined. First, the indium tin oxide transparent conductor's dielectric function is determined from a parameterized version of the ionized impurity scattering model of Hamberg and Granqvist [I. Hamberg and C. G. Granqvist, Appl. Phys. Lett. 44, 721 (1984)]. Then the tungsten oxide data are interpreted using two theoretical optical dispersion formulas. The first is the polaron conductivity theory of Reik and Reese [H. G. Reik and D. Reese, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 28, 581 (1967)] and the second is the parametric semiconductor model of Johs et al. [B. Johs et al., Thin Solid Films 313–314, 137 (1998)]. It is found that the parametric semiconductor model is able to reproduce the measured optical spectra extremely well. The resulting set of dielectric functions is interpreted in terms of the intercalated charge. An empirical model is constructed to explain the observed behavior of the imaginary part of the diele...


According to practical experiences in the development of some database systems in order to solve the problems of link without date source name(DSN), data transmission safely,online transmission,accordance state of database,time synchronization between servers and clients,limit time database operation,data transition between different flat roofs,and finally backup and restore of floppy disk or hard disk,some simple and effective applied techniques are proposed.


To culturally adapt and translate the Evidence‐Based Practice Belief Scale (EBP‐B) and the Evidence‐Based Practice Implementation Scale (EBP‐I), explore the psychometric properties of their validated German versions and compare results with those of the original scales.


To address the underreporting of freight from a transport geography point of view, we present an exploratory paper of the time and spatial characteristics of disaggregated commercial vehicle activities. The activities were extracted from raw GPS data collected in South Africa over a sixmonth period for more than 30 000 commercial vehicles. The analysis of the activity chains provides useful characteristics such as activity and chain durations, number of activities per chain, and the spatial extent of the activity chains. We introduce metrics to measure commercial activities, and compare three main commercial centers in South Africa. Also, in response to the South African government's intent to better understand freight movement at a detailed, non-macroeconomic level, this paper is significant as it provides a means to support government's transport infrastructure investment decisions. Although the activity densities contradict some accepted expectations found in literature, it highlights some of the impacts of past political inequalities still evident in South Africa, again providing valuable inputs to policy making.


Naphthylmethyl ether is an important intermediate in organic synthesis.It was synthesized using catalysis of Cu(Ⅱ) under the microwave irradiation.The relationship between the yield and the Lewis acid was studied.The reactants and the catalyst are environmentally friendly.


Neural Circuits
Zebra finches learn their beautiful songs by listening to other zebra finches. Vallentin et al. observed zebra finch brains as learning proceeded, only to find that inhibition of the neuronal circuits was critical to fixating on learned sequences. For song syllables that have been


The Group Areas Act, passed by the South African Parliament in 1950, aimed to enforce residential segregation. Widespread contraventions of this legislation in White residential areas and an official investigation thereof resulted in recommendations in 1987 that the government modify its policy in this regard. This paper elucidates the changing social geography of a section of Bertrams, Johannesburg which has increasingly become a racially integrated suburb.


Thank you for reading the dynamic of service a handbook on reaping the harvest. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen books like this the dynamic of service a handbook on reaping the harvest, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful virus inside their desktop computer.


Stemflow production has been reported to be influenced by a suite of biotic and abiotic factors, and those factors would be quite different considering local and global scales. Although the number of published stemflow studies showed a steady increasing trend in recent years, the relative contributions of biotic and abiotic factors to stemflow production were still largely unclear due to the large number of influencing factors and the complex interactions among those factors. Here we present stemflow results conducted from both from local scale and global scale: (1) stemflow of nine xerophytic shrubs of Caragana korshinskii were measured in nearly nine growing seasons from 2010 to 2018 within a desert area of northern China, accompanying with observing on six biotic variables (shrub morphological attributes) and ten abiotic variables (meteorological conditions); (2) a global synthesis of stemflow production results (stemflow percentage was reported) derived from Web of Science for more than 200 peer-reviewed papers published in the last 50 years (1970-2019), and ten most reported biotic factors (vegetation life form, phenology, leaf form, bark form, community density, community age, vegetation height, diameter at breast height, leaf area index, stemflow measuring scale) and four abiotic factors (climate types, mean annual precipitation, elevation, mean annual temperature) were considered. We performed a machine learning method (boosted regression trees) to evaluate the relative contribution of each biotic and abiotic factor to stemflow percentage, and partial dependence plots were presented to visualize the effects of individual explanatory variables on stemflow percentage, respectively.


ABSTRACT The accusation that someone is putting words in someone else's mouth can be heard in everyday conversations, but what does this phenomenon reveal about the ways human beings communicate? This paper aims to show that it is useful to view putting words in someone's mouth as a form of ventriloquation. By theorising this phenomenon, this paper explicates how people discover a version of what they said in their interlocutors' mouths, and in turn react to these ventriloquations. Since this phenomenon is especially visible in conflict situations, this paper demonstrates the value of using a ventriloquial lens to study human interactions through a detailed analysis of a public dispute and a conflict mediation session. Thus, this paper shows how this lens can be used to gain insight into the communicative constitution of conflict as well as its resolution. More broadly, it proposes to conceive of interaction as a process of mutual ventriloquation and highlights the methodological, ethical, and political implications of this analytical move.


A controlled environment experiment was performed on plants from 2 Agropyron sndthii Rydb. (western wheatgass) populations to determine how defollltion at iweek intervals and graxing bistory affected total silicon accumulation in shoots, and how Si was distributed within the plant. Plants were collected from a heavily grazed, IO-year-old prairie dog colony and an ungazed, 40-yearold exciosure at Wind Cave National Park, South Dakota. After 18 weeks, the total amount of Si accumuhtted in shoots was similar in plants from both populations, regardless of whether or not the plants were clipped. However, the Si concentration in shoots was greater in nondefoliated than defoliated phmts of both populations because of Si dilution resulting from greater shoot production in defoliated pIants. In both populations, roots and leaf blades had the highest Si concentrations, rhizomes had the lowest concentrations, and sheaths, crowns, and belowground stems had intermediate concentrations.


A while suppressing an increase in amount of cooling air efficiently coolable turbine blades, and to provide a gas turbine. A turbine rotor blade 43a has a front and edge 55 and a trailing edge 56, the blade body 51 having a suction side and the pressure side between the trailing edge 56 and these front edge 55, the blade body 51 edge of the tip shroud 52 provided at the tip 57, wherein the blade main body 51 includes a edge side cooling passage 64 prior to being provided on the side closer to the front edge 55, after which is provided closer to the trailing edge 56 a cooling passage 67, an intermediate cooling passage 65 provided between the leading edge side cooling passage 64 and the rear edge side cooling passage 67, wherein the tip shroud 52, the cooling medium flowing through the leading edge side cooling passage 64 includes a first discharge passage 72 for discharging, a second discharge passage 73 for discharging the cooling medium flowing through the trailing edge cooling passage 67, the third discharge passage 74 for discharging the cooling medium flowing through the intermediate cooling passage 65, the . .FIELD 6


Weight, life and performance characteristics optimization of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell power systems were considered. A promising gold alloy cathode catalyst was identified and tested in a cell for 5,000 hours. The compatibility characteristics of candidate polymer structural materials were measured after exposure to electrolyte and water vapor for 8,000 hours. Lightweight cell designs were prepared and fabrication techniques to produce them were developed. Testing demonstrated that predicted performance was achieved. Lightweight components for passive product water removal and evaporative cooling of cells were demonstrated. Systems studies identified fuel cell powerplant concepts for meeting the requirements of advanced spacecraft.


Within the last decade, non-invasive assessment of the coronary arteries using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) has emerged as the newest application in diagnostic cardiology, leading to many technological advancements and substantial improvements in image acquisition and analysis.1 The early enthusiasm and rapid advancement has been tempered by concerns regarding increased radiation exposure, especially the wide range of radiation doses that a patient gets exposed to, for the same clinical indication.2 3

However, in the last couple of years, the field of cardiac CT has made significant technological strides in areas of radiation reduction4 5 (prospective imaging, high pitch 100 kVp imaging, and electrocardiographic dose modulation), improved temporal resolution with dual source scanning6 (significantly improving cine imaging), increased supero-inferior coveragew1 (enabling single-beat imaging), improved injection protocols, and dual energy imaging (potentially enabling plaque characterisation).w2 As a result, the utility of MDCT can now be broadened to answer a multitude of clinical questions within cardiovascular medicine, albeit in conjunction with other non-invasive techniques such as echocardiography, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. Of course, the fundamental tenet of a new diagnostic modality is that its utilisation has to be matched with careful evaluation of appropriateness of a given indication, coupled with the knowledge that one diagnostic modality might be more appropriate than the other.1 This review of the current state-of-the art discusses the various non-coronary cardiac applications of MDCT, along with some of the emerging applications (box 1).

Box 1
### Box 1 Various non-coronary cardiac indications of CT

Current applications

Emerging …


Though James and Panicker (1990) listed the
strandings of the sperm whale 17 times from the Indian
Seas no foetus was found in any of them. Usually sperm
whales stranded are cut open to see whether any ambergris
is present. This is the fust time that a foetus was found in
the body of a sperm whale stranded from the Indian Seas.


Mateusz Jagielski, Department of General, Gastroenterological and Oncological Surgery, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, 53-59 Sw. Jozefa St, 87-100 Torun, Poland, Tel: +48 56 679-31-99, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Received: 23 Feb 2021 Accepted: 08 Mar 2021 Published: 11 Mar 2021 Copyright: ©2021 Jagielski M, This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.


The paper reviews recent work on the problem of determining the distribution of electrical conductivity in the mantle (to depths of about 1000km) from studies of the response of the Earth to externally generated time varying magnetic fields. An attempt has been made to assemble all the available estimates of the response, and to assess their relative reliability. This data can be used to make a preliminary selection of conductivity models, although the refinement of the models is best left to the technique described by PARKER (1971). An initial examination indicates that a model in which the conductivity rises relatively abruptly to about 2mho·m-1 at a depth of 500 to 600km satisfies the currently available data.


OREBRO UNIVERSITYDepartment of Behavioral, Social and Legal sciencesSocial workC- essay, 41-60 pWithout communication no activity- A qualitative essay from an employer´s point of view within the eldercareAuthors: Johansson, Ulf and Ohlin, LiseSupervisor: Antonson, SivertAbstract___________________________________________________________________________The comprehensive aim of this essay has been to describe and understand the importance of communication in comparison to co-worker from an employer´s point of view within eldercare in two municipalities .The specific issue describes more directly how we can understand the communication and what requirements that are needed for a good communication between the employer and the co-worker. We chose to utilize a qualitative method when we interviewed and observed four employers during that so called a meeting of place of work. The essay is theoretic based and has its aim to describe .The data acquisition consisted of three items, interviews, observations and follow-up interviews of the respondents. Apart from the data acquisition has also relevant literature and previous research in this branch been used for the essay. The result showed that different qualifications are important for a good communication for the employer towards the co-worker. The importance of a good communication turned out to be a fundamental factor of a successful leadership. In the analyse the result gave expression of the interviews, the observations and the follow-up interviews with help of a symbolic interaction that is based on interplay and interaction between people attach to the interplay theory of Fielder´s that has the purpose of to see in what degree the employer has control over and possibility to influence the co-worker and the activity. With these two theoretic as startingpoint is the result construe in the analyse confirmed from that background and also previous research is the basis for this essay. In the discussion that is the essay's concluding chapter are the requirements discussing for the employer to be in control of a good communication compared to the co-worker from the results that won from attached to the theoretic scopes and the background and previous research that been chosen for this essay.Keywords; communication, requirements, employer, co-worker, meeting of place of work, impediments/possibilities.


THE literature contains a comparatively small number of publications concerning the appearance of the ventricles on the days following encephalography, although it is quite probable that a number of investigators have been interested in such follow-up studies without publishing them. Of the published reports, some were confined to the rate of absorption of air after encephalography,1 , 2 whereas others emphasized the importance of second-day studies for the demonstration of porencephalic cysts.3 , 4 Only a few observations were concerned with the size of the ventricles during follow-up studies, and those were quite contradictory. Schott and Eitel,5 as well as Reinberg,6 mention dilatation of . . .


— Given an algebraic number field k and a finite group Γ, we write R(Ok[Γ]) for the subset of the locally free classgroup Cl(Ok[Γ]) consisting of the classes of rings of integers ON in tame Galois extensions N/k with Gal(N/k) ∼= Γ. We determine R(Ok[Γ]), and show it is a subgroup of Cl(Ok[Γ]) by means of a description using a Stickelberger ideal and properties of some cyclic codes, when k contains a root of unity of prime order p and Γ = V oC, where V is an elementary abelian group of order pr and C is a cyclic group of order m > 1 acting faithfully on V and making V into an irreducible Fp[C]-module. This extends and refines results of Byott, Greither and Sodaigui for p = 2 in Crelle, respectively of Bruche and Sodaigui for p > 2 in J. Number Theory, which cover only the case m = pr−1 and determine only the image R(M) of R(Ok[Γ]) under extension of scalars from Ok[Γ] to a maximal orderM⊃ Ok[Γ] in k[Γ]. The main result here thus generalizes the calculation of R(Ok[A4]) for the alternating group A4 of degree 4 (the case p = r = 2) given by Byott and Sodaigui in Compositio. Resume. — Etant donne un corps de nombres k et un groupe fini Γ, on note R(Ok[Γ]) le sous-ensemble du groupe de classes localement libre Cl(Ok[Γ]) forme par les classes d'anneaux d'entiers ON d'extensions galoisiennes moderees N/k avec Gal(N/k) ∼= Γ. Nous determinons R(Ok[Γ]), et montrons que c'est un sous-groupe de Cl(Ok[Γ]), au moyen d'une description utilisant un ideal de Stickelberger et des proprietes de certains codes cycliques, lorsque k contient une racine de l'unite d'ordre premier p et Γ = V o C, ou V est un groupe elementaire abelien d'ordre pr et C est un groupe cyclique d'ordre m > 1 agissant fidelement sur V et rendant V un Fp[C]-module irreductible. Ceci generalise et raffine des resultats de Byott, Greither et Sodaigui pour p = 2 dans Crelle, respectivement de Bruche et Sodaigui pour p > 2 dans J. Number Theory, lesquels couvrent seulement le cas m = pr−1 et determinent seulement l'image R(M) de R(Ok[Γ]) sous l'extension des scalaires de Ok[Γ] a un ordre maximalM⊃ Ok[Γ] dans k[Γ]. Le resultat principal ici generalise donc le calcul de R(Ok[A4]) pour le groupe alterne A4 de degre 4 (le cas p = r = 2) donne par Byott et Sodaigui dans Compositio.


An interesting case of eyelid leishmaniasis is reported. Although the face is the site of predilection of cutaneous leishmaniasis, eyelid involvement has been reported to be rather uncommon. The author suggests an auto-inoculation mode of infestation. Parenteral stibogluconate effectively terminated infestation with a small scarring.


Through analyzing the karst drought and its temporal-spatial distribution in central Guangxi,the possible reasons that induced drought hazard in agriculture production were concluded,and some measures against drought were put forward,such as perfecting the optimal collocation of water and land resources,increasing the utilizing rate of water resources,improving the ecological environment of water source and enhancing the ability of drought resistance in agriculture production etc.,which all aimed to achieve sustainable development of agriculture economy.


Abstract A new method is proposed that will help predict the remaining service life of concrete bridges based on quantitative deterioration research. It is suggested that for a given degree of damage (stage) and corresponding environmental and bridge design factors, there is only one time value. In that way it is possible to calculate the deterioration rate for given environmental and bridge design factors shared by many different bridges. The method can be used to calculate the key parameters for corrosion deterioration, thereby enabling the prediction of the remaining service life of a bridge using DuraCrete deterioration models


In order to resolve the problem in the the maintenance of missile equipment, put forward the health management architecture of missile equipment based on the prognostic and health management theory, and introduce the technology of condition monitoring, status evaluation, fault diagnosis and life prediction. The health management of missile equipment would promote the innovation of management concept, maintenance mode and system of missile Equipment.


The aims of this international workshop were to provide a forum for firsthand assessment of the present status of environmental problems in selected East-Central European nations, to examine the North American experience in bilateral environmental negotiations, and to explore other components of regional environmental protection. The first session focused on status reports concerning the environmental problems and needs in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland. After each formal presentation, a discussion period facilitated the exchange of ideas on the specific topic addressed and ensured equitable attention to the problems of each country. The following common themes emerged from the presentation and discussion:


From the earliest period of medical education, and even before many of the subjects now embraced in medical education had been conceived of, Materia Medica has comprehended the physical, sensory and natural history characteristics of medicinal substances and the use of these substances in disease. The growth of then existing sciences and the evolution of new sciences, such as those of physiology and pathology, led to much progress and expansion. At the present time, and during the last half century, Materia Medica has so expanded as to comprehend .{A) pharmacognosy, pharmacy, and the principles of prescribing; (B) pharmacology; and (0 therapeutics. The two former are appropriate for instruction at an early part medical study, whereas the third is, in most of its aspects, inappropriate until a late period and after knowledge has been acquired of pathology> medicine, and clinical medicine. Founding upon this conception, a subdivision in education and study seems to be required. (A) Pharmacognosy, Pharmacy, and Prescribing. ? These


ZSM-22 zeolite nanosheets with a thickness of about 10 nm were synthesized through hydrothermal crystallization without any special additives. The formation of the nanosheet crystals follows a multi-step crystallization mechanism through aggregation and fusion of the elementary nanorods. The inhomogeneous distribution of aluminum might be the key factor that induces the formation of the nanosheet crystals.


─ This paper presents investigation results on a wideband U-slot loaded modified Eshape (USLMES) microstrip patch antenna with frequency agile behavior by employing different height ground plane and ribbon type copper switches. The USLMES patch is excited using the notch feed mechanism by a 50  coaxial probe outside the patch surface so that coaxial probe does not contribute significantly to the peak-crosspolarization levels. The parametric study results are presented for the wideband patch antenna design and important parameters have been noted. The proposed wideband patch antenna offers impedance (S11 = −10 dB) and 3dB gain bandwidths of at least 35% (3.09GHz to 4.42GHz) with stable radiation patterns and acceptable crosspolarization levels. The effect of ground plane height variation not only alters operating frequency, but also, Gain and impedance bandwidth. Frequency agility is also achieved from 3.02GHz to 4.95 GHz by turning different combination of switches ON/OFF. The prototype antennas were fabricated and experimentally verified for both wideband patch performance and frequency agility by implementing different ground plane heights. The simulated performance is in reasonable agreement with the measured results. Index Terms ─ Frequency agile behavior, ground plane height, ribbon type switches, USLMES microstrip patch, wideband antenna.


Blog can be regarded as the product of labor because it is completed by blogger and BSP.Based on this theory of blog,this paper discusses the complexity of blog's product attribute,that is,whether blog belongs to private product or public product.As to substance modality, blog belongs to public kind;To the service provided by blog,it belongs to non-public goods.To the "Notice Resources" loaded by blog,it belongs to private goods.To some degree,blog can be exchanged in the market owing to the "Notice Resources" of blog not to it's substance modality.It is this kind of privacy that makes blog can be commercialized.


This study aims to detect the possibility of income maximization when seasoned equity offerings using the modified Jones model with deferred tax assets and current tax expense as a detector. Data used in the study was obtained from the financial statements of companies that conduct seasoned equity offerings activities in the period 2004-2013. This study uses 35 companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange as samples that have met the criteria for purposive sampling. The test results data using multiple linear regression analysis showed that only current tax can use to detect income maximization when seasoned equity offerings.


A hypothetical formulation of quantum mechanics is presented so as to reconcile it with macro-realism. On the analogy drawn from thermodynamics, an objective description of wave packet reduction is postulated, in which a characteristic energy scale and a time scale are introduced to separate the quantum and classical conceptions.


Abstract: We present SimHyb, a Java-based software for the simulation of mixed hybridizing populations. The software incorporates user-defined initial parameters and input files to account for the initial census size of two species in a closed population, the number of intermediate specific classes, the directional fertility among specific classes, the fitness coefficients for each specific class, the inheritance of fitness, and the degree of ageing and self-incompatibility of the individuals. All these demographic and adaptive parameters can be modified by the user to analyze their effect on the evolution of the mixed population. SimHyb allows the traceability of each individual, whose pedigree is also recorded. For each simulated generation the software yields an output file that is easily convertible to an input for Structure, one of the most popular softwares for the Bayesian analysis of populations. Application of SimHyb to simulate Quercus ilex and Q. suber hybridizing populations, and further analysis with Structure, reveals that advanced introgressed individuals are very often misclassified with the currently available set of nuclear microsatellite markers, so that introgression between these two species could have been underestimated in previous studies. However, we provide a simple parameter based on Structure results to identify the directionality of pollination in the progeny of a known mother tree.


Fully acylated hydroxyl-terminated organopolysiloxanes bearing pendant aminoalkyl groups are easily prepared by reacting a hydroxyl-terminated, aminoalkyl organopolysi loxane with a carboxylic anhydride in Stoichiometric amount relative to amino groups, in the presence of at least one emulsifier.


and histological renal changes; magnesium; sodium; spontaneously hypertensive rats; tissue calcium Background. Cyclosporin A (CsA) causes renal magnesium wasting, hypertension, and occasionally irreversible renal damage. We examined the effect of dietary sodium and magnesium on renal histology in


Traditional general contract (TGC), design and build (DB), and construction management (CM) is three familiar engineering management approaches in international and domestic engineering projects. According to clients intervening construction, designers participating in engineering management, clients modification ability in projects, engineering duty clarification, engineering complexity, project scheduling, and early clarification of project cost, the three engineering management approaches are compared and analyzed, which will be of use in engineering management practices.


This paper presents a profile of μ COS-Ⅱ ARM architecture and some of the ideas associated with transplants. and on the basis of this analysis based on the ARM transplants.


Magnetopneumography (MPG), a sensitive technique for the non-invasive detection of trace amounts of magnetic substances in the lungs, may be useful to help demonstrate either causality for welding induced disease or the absence thereof by establishing the extent of occupational exposures, and identifying individuals and cohorts at high risk. In order to further examine the potential utility of MPG techniques, pilot studies were performed on a cohorts of intermediate-high exposed non-smoking shipyard welders and unexposed non shipyard electricians participating in a study of the effects of welding on health using a pilot model of a MPG instrument incorporating an AC susceptibility bridge.


Bringing together a range of leading academics and experts on social democratic politics and policy, Why the Left Loses offers an international, comparative view of the changing political landscape, examining the degree to which the centre-left project is exhausted and is able to renew its message in a neo-liberal age.


This paper contains an analysis of policy formulations which underlie the work of the 'Leeds Adult Learners at Work' project (1991‐93). The overall aim of the project was to assess the contribution that broadly based Employee Development training schemes organized through the workplace can make towards achieving the internationally recognized goal of 'lifelong learning'. The paper follows Ball (1990) in seeing policy as a contested arena in which different actors struggle to impose their views. This involves an analysis of competing discourses. However, the discourse interfaces with a socio‐economic system in which individual adults find their day‐today lives increasingly constrained. First, an analysis is made of the economic context of education and training policy in terms of the international division of labour, the apparently contradictory processes of deskilling and reskilling, and mass unemployment. A critical analysis follows of the rhetoric which identifies education and training as a panacea for...


"Mirror, mirror on the wall, who's the fairest of them all?" This is certainly the most cited expression of the 21 century. We do not want to get old, and in this context a lot of hopeful are set on stem cell therapy for tissue regeneration: regeneration of skin, dermis, cartilage, bone, nervous sistem and so on. Most of all on our smile that it is our business card. Rapid and good regeneration of alveolar bone to support new dental implant is up to now ensured by the use adult mesenchymal stem cells. But are they able to conserve their stemness ability for all the age of the donors? In light of such consideration aim of the present work has been the study of the biological properties such as proliferation and stemness ability of human adult dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) in relation to the age of the donors and to the in vitro aging. Human dental pulps derived from adult subjects aged 16–over 66 years have been isolated and cultured in presence of differentiative medium. Results obtained confirmed a correlation between age and conservation of stemness during in vitro aging.


In this paper, we present simulation and experimental studies of multiple bird source separation based on the Voxnet acoustic array node. The Approximate Maximum Likelihood (AML) method is used to estimate blindly the direction-of-arrivals (DOAs) of the sources to generate the steering vectors in order to separate the sources via beamforming. Simulation and measured data confirmed the proper operations of the AML beamforming algorithm and the Voxnet hardware node.


Objective: To evaluate the stability of Le Fort I osteotomy with maxillary advancement in growing patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), retained postsurgically by elastics anchored on miniplates. Methods: Eighteen patients with UCLP and moderate to severe maxillary deficiency participated of this study. All required Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. Experimental group consisted of 9 patients with a mean age of 14.0 year (7 males, 2 females) treated by orthognathic surgery at puberty. Comparison group included 9 patients with a mean age of 20.2 years (2 males, 7 females) treated by conventional maxillary advancement at skeletal maturity. During surgery, Bollard miniplates were installed in the experimental group. Class III elastics anchored on miniplates were worn overnight starting 60 days after orthognathic surgery. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were taken before surgery (T1) and 12 months (T3) after surgery. Digital lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken 2 months postoperatively (T2). The same examiner assessed cephalometric changes using Dolphin Imaging 11.95 software twice with an interval of 30 days. Comparisons between treatment phases and between groups were performed using analysis of variance (p<0,05). Results: In the experimental group, SNA angle was 76.1º, 81.4º and 80.7º and overjet was -4.9mm, 2.7mm and 2.5mm at T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Statistically significant changes for SNA and overjet were observed for T1-T2 and T1-T3 periods for both groups. There was no difference between groups for SNA and overjet at any interphase. Conclusion: Osteotomy for maxillary advancement at puberty showed adequate short-term stability when retained by Class III elastics anchored on miniplates.


FMS was applied to the automatic forming of wrapped-tube in freezer liner and a produc tion line was developed.The structure design and function of a die for the tube in FMS were pre sented.


The reflection spectra of the crystals of the NaCl structure (LiF, NaF, and NiO), the fluorite structure (CaF2, BaF2, and CdF2), and the rutile structure (MgF2 and MnF2) were measured. The optical and dielectric constants were derived from the measured reflectivities using the Kramers-Kronig transformation. The absorption indices (k) for these crystals are rather large and the peak values of the imaginary dielectric constants amount to 30.0 or more. However, unlike the ferroelectric substances such as oxide perovskites and rutile, these fluoride crystals do not show any anomalous dielectric behaviour. From the real and imaginary dielectric constants e′(ν) and e″(ν), the transverse and longitudinal frequencies for the lattice modes are determined. These frequencies are reasonably interpreted on the basis of the crystal structures and satisfy the Lyddane-Sachs-Teller relation. The effective charge on the positive and negative ions and the force constant associated with the short-range elastic force against ...


Designed to help school managers in the development and implementation of a whole-school assessment policy, this book poses important questions which need to be addressed and outlines the available options and their likely consequences.


In many developing countries, crop minimum support price (MSP) is a subsidy scheme to (i) improve farmer welfare by safeguarding farmers' incomes against vagaries in crop price and (ii) improve consumer surplus by ensuring sufficient crop production. Among different mechanisms to operationalize an MSP scheme, we focus on credit-based MSPs under which the government credits farmers should the prevailing market price be below the prespecified MSP. By accounting for the implementation cost of the MSP, we examine the effectiveness of the MSP in terms of net benefit (i.e., farmer's surplus minus the implementation cost) and net social value (i.e., sum of farmer's and consumer's surpluses minus the implementation cost) in a market that consists of risk-averse farmers with heterogeneous production costs. Also, farmers face two types of uncertainties: (1) market and (2) production yield uncertainty. We find that a credit-based MSP can induce crop production, which is intuitive. However, we find some more interesting results: (i) offering a higher MSP may not improve farmer's surplus, (ii) the net benefit of an MSP can be negative—the cost of offering an MSP can exceed the farmer's surplus, and (iii) there exists an MSP that maximizes the net social value. We extend our single-crop model to the case of two crops to capture the intercrop MSP interaction. We show that when one crop is more rewarding but riskier than the other crop, then it is sufficient to offer an appropriate MSP for one of the two crops while offering no MSP to the other crop. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.


The decision making task of ship damage control includes addressing problems such as fire spread, floods, smoke, equipment failures, and personnel casualties. It is a challenging and highly stressful domain with a limited provision for real-life training. In response to this need, a multimedia interactive damage control simulator system, called DC-Train 2.0 was recently deployed at a Navy officer training school; it provides officers with an immersive environment for damage control training. This paper describes a component of the DC-Train 2.0 system that provides feedback to the user, called the automated instructor assistant. This assistant is based on a blackboard-based expert system called Minerva-DCA, which is capable of solving damage control scenarios at the "expert" level. Its innovative blackboard architecture facilitates various forms of user assistance, including interactive explanation, advising, and critiquing. In a large exercise involving 500 ship crises scenarios, Minerva-DCA showed a 76% improvement over Navy officers by saving 89 more ships. 1. THE DOMAIN OF SHIP DAMAGE CONTROL The tasks of ship damage control are vital to ship survivability, human life, and operational readiness. Most crises on military and civilian ships could be successfully addressed if handled promptly and properly. Typically the crisis management efforts on a ship are directed by a single person called the Damage Control Assistant (DCA). This person is in charge of maintaining situational awareness, coordinating crisis management crews, and managing other resources. Naturally, crisis management tasks are challenging even for seasoned Navy officers due to the inherent complexity of physical damage, limited resources, information overload, uncertainty, infrequent opportunities for realistic practice, and psychological stress. Studies have shown that the performance could be significantly improved by providing more opportunities for realistic practice [5, 1]. As in many other military domains, real-life training in often infeasible or inadequate due to the high cost and a limited number of possible scenarios. A complement to textbook training is computer simulations [5]. One such damage control simulator, the DC-Train 2.0, is capable of modeling a wide range of realistic scenarios [2]. However, a computer simulation trainer still needs a human instructor to (1) demonstrate a successful scenario solution, (2) provide the novice with instructional advice, (3) observe the novice's problem-solving and provide a comprehensive critique, and (4) score performance on various scenarios for progress evaluation and comparative analysis purposes. While DCTrain 2.0 is implemented with numerical and knowledge-based simulation techniques, requirements of an automated instructor include (1) an achievement of the level of expertise sufficient to solve arbitrary scenarios in real-time; (2) an ability to observe the novice in real-time, communicate with the novice, and present intelligible feedback in a natural language format. Such functions clearly present an interesting challenge for modern artificial intelligence technology.


A new approach for predicting execution times of parallel applications is presented. The main goal is to improve decision making in parallel systems, providing the system scheduler with knowledge about parallel applications. A model is produced searching for similar applications on based experience, allowing effortless knowledge updating when new information occurs. Workload traces from three computing centers are used to evaluate the model. The model achieves prediction errors on mean application execution times between 38% and 57%. Obtained results are compared with previous work; using a trace-driven simulator it is showed how the model can improve scheduling decisions on parallel systems.


FIELD: physics, optics. SUBSTANCE: optical element (2) for collimating light from a light source (3) is made from a single piece of material and comprises: an input side (5) arranged to receive light, an output side (6) arranged to allow emission of collimated light, and an element body extending from said input side (5) to the output side (6). The element body has a cross-section perpendicular to an optical axis (z) formed by x and y axes that are perpendicular to each other. The output side (6) has an oval shape in the cross-section. The optical element (2) has a y curvature radius along the y axis which is greater than the x curvature radius along the x axis, thereby enabling distribution of collimated light emitted from the output side (6) to have a cross-section of an oval shape (C E ) perpendicular to the optical axis (z). The refraction index of the element body is greater than that of the ambient medium and the x and y curvature radii are selected to satisfy the total internal reflection condition. EFFECT: providing asymmetric distribution of light with increased beam-width difference in two perpendicular viewing directions. 13 cl, 9 dwg


Pancreatic cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Most patients are present with advanced stages of the disease at the time of diagnosis; thus, surgery, which is the best curative option for this malignancy, is no longer an effective treatment modal - ity for affected individuals. As a likely source of "liquid biopsies," exosomes, which are secreted by fusing intracellular multivesicular bodies with cell membranes, have relative stability and composition, allowing them to cover the entire range of cancer-related biomarkers, including cellular proteins, lipids, DNA, RNA, miRNA, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). To explore the early detection biomarkers of pancreatic cancer and to develop successful therapeutic intervention for this disease, assessing the implications of exosomes in pancreatic cancer patients is essential. In this chapter, we wish to focus on the possibility of using exosomes and lncRNAs in the clinical management of patients with pancreatic cancer. We will discuss the mechanisms of tumor formation under the exosomal action, demonstrate how circulating exosomes and lncRNAs have come into the research spotlight as likely biomarkers of pancreatic cancer, and discuss the applica tions of exosomes as transfer vectors in tumor therapeutics.


THIS MONTH'S high-profile announcement about a bacterium that thrives on arsenic is drawing criticism from scientists in multiple fields, including chemists. The study claims that the microbe can swap phosphorus for arsenic in its biomolecules, including DNA (CE Science, DOI: 10.1126/science.1197258). But outside experts say the data presented don't back this claim. NASA astrobiologist Felisa Wolfe-Simon and her colleagues have been the subject of worldwide media attention since they described a microbe, scooped out of California's briny, arsenic-rich Mono Lake, that can grow under conditions nearly devoid of phosphorus, one of six elements common to all life on Earth. "My research team and I are aware that our peer-reviewed Science article has generated some technical questions and challenges from within the scientific community," Wolfe-Simon says in a statement. "We invite others to read the paper and submit any responses to Science for review so that we can officially respond." ...


The invention relates to a glue-free PVC (poly vinyl chloride) floor board, comprising a surface wear-resistant layer, a fabric layer and a bottom layer, wherein the bottom layer comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 140-170 parts of PVC powder, 700-900 parts of plasticizer and 5-7 parts of stabilizer, the middle layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400-600 parts of PVC powder, 300-400 parts of plasticizer, 800-1000 parts of mountain flour and 9-13 parts of stabilizer, and the lower layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 800-1000 parts of PVC powder, 600-750 parts of plasticizer, 200-300 parts of mountain flour and 20-30 parts of stabilizer. The glue-free PVC floor board provided by the invention has skid resistance and good elasticity, is easy to construct and has low construction cost, and no glue is used. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the glue-free PVC floor board.


Objective:This topic mainly study the antioxidant effect and safety of soy isoflavone on young female rat.Methods: Fifty three-month-old young female rats were chosen to be randomly divided into five groups: control group(basal feed),low SI group(soy isoflavones 100 mg/kg bw),middle SI group(soy isoflavones 200 mg/kg bw),high SI group(soy isoflavones 300 mg/kg bw),estrogen(diethylstilbestrol 0.5 mg/kg).Superoxide dismutase(SOD),Catalase(CAT),methylenedioxyamphetamine(MDA) and the glutathione peroxidation(GSH-PX) were detected after experiment.The level of ER-α was also detected.Results: Results showed that the activity of SOD in all groups and CAT in low and middle SI group raised(p0.05),but the activity of CAT in high SI group was't significantly difference.Soy isoflavone could remarkably reduce the activity of MDA(p0.05).Soy isoflavone could raise the level of ER-α.From the pathologic examination,high SI group ovary had pathological change which showed that at 300 mg/kg bw,soy isoflavone showed side effect on high SI group ovary.Conclusions: Soy isoflavone could enhance the antioxidant ability of young female rat.It had no side effect to rats at 100~200 mg/kg bw.But it had side effect to rats' ovary at 300 mg/kg bw.


The incidence of IDDM in childhood has been increasing at least in some parts of Europe during the last decades. To provide information on the incidence trend of IDDM in Austria, the nationwide age adjusted incidence rates from Jan.1st,1979 till Dec.31st, 1991 were analysed. Data were collected retrospectively for 1979-1987 and prospectively since 1988. Primary case ascertainment was done by a hospital reporting system. Valididation by an independent source revealed a degree of ascertainment of 93% and 95% respectively. An average annual incidence rate oF 7.51/100.000 (95% C.I. 6.98-8.04) was observed during the study period. The annual incidence varied markedly over time, it was lowest in 1981 (6.1/100.000) and highest in 1984 (8.9/100.000). By Poisson regression modelling age was Found to be the strongest predictor of the risk (p<0.01). A significant increase in incidence could be demonstrated over time for both sexes (p<0.01), but there was no evidence for differences in the increase in incidence by age. An interaction between monthly temperature (p<0.05) and monthly precipitation (p<0.01) was observed reflecting the typical seasonal variation. Seasonal variation was found to be age dependent (p<0.01). Our study shows a rise of IDDM incidence in Austria over the last decade. This indicates on increase of IDDM manifestations even in a European country with low risk for IDDM.


The organs of dicots and monocots have traditionally been summarized in terms of dermal, ground, and vascular tissues. In contrast, over 40 different plant cell types have been identified (see [Zhong and Ye, 1999][1], in this issue). In this era of molecular biology, where many of the mechanisms


A nationally representative survey conducted immediately after the December 1999 Russian Duma election indicates that national television was the most important source of news for voters and that there were few differences between the party supporters in their patterns of viewing. Voters for the pro-Kremlin Unity party, however, were the most likely to say they had been influenced by state television, and regression analysis indicates that state television was by far the most important of all the variables that contributed to their voting choices. The Russian Duma election accordingly provides a striking illustration of the extent to which a determined regime can resist a challenge to its authority by using its control of the media, particularly state television.