The analytical data relating to fluorine in foods have accumulated during the past decade to an extent that makes it desirable to assemble the data for purposes of comparison, as well as for an evaluation of the amount of fluorine ingested in the average human diet. With few exceptions, the more recent fluorine data are comparable as regards the analytical procedure since the Willard and Winter technique (1), or a slight modification (2, 3, 4, 5), has become the most generally utilized fluorine method. While most analysts recognize the desirability of improvements in the fluorine determination (in view of an expected error of at least 10 percent, particularly in the analysis of organic materials), it has been some time since any radical changes. have been made in the Willard and Winter procedure. Generally this fluorine method now calls for ashing the sample in the presence of an alkaline fixative at a low temperature, isolation of the fluorine by steam distillation using perchloric acid, and estimation of the fluorine in the distillate by microtitration with thorium nitrate or by comparative colorimetry. Published results for fluorine in foods from various sources are compiled in table 1. In table 2, the data concerns the relation of the fluorine content of soil and water to the fluorine present in plant produce. Similarly, data concerning the effect of fluorine ingestion on fluorine in animal produce (meat, eggs, and milk) appear in table 1, sections a, d, e. In several of .the publications cited, information is lacking as regards the "dry" or "fresh" condition of the material analyzed, and wherever it seemed desirable to supply such inform-ation the judgment of the author was based on the analytical figure. In general, results for meats, fish, eggs, milk, and wine are based on the materials as consumed. Other materials are reported on a fresh or a dry-weight basis, or both.


The purpose of this study was to optimize the conditions of continuous mixed culture of C.butyricum and R. spaeroides K-7, which were able to produce hydrogen using biomass-dreived substrate. To investigate the possibility of continuous culture, semi-continuous culture was carried out for 20 days. In semi-continuous culture using the reactor system, the replacement rate of fresh medium was 30% of total medium volume for the highest hydrogen evolution. In continuous culture, the optimum dilution rate was determined to be 0.05. The continuous culture produced 3.1 times as compared with the hydrogen on batch culture. On the other hand, the continuous mixed culture produced 1.3~2.1 times as much as hydrogen of the continuous monoculture of C. butyricum. When 10g of glucose in the media (1l) was supplied as a carbon source on continuous culture, mixed culture of C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides K-7 increased hydrogen evolution rate. Because considerable amount of glutamate was contained in waste water of glutamate fermentation, utilization of glutamate was examined in mixed culture. As a result of examination, production of hydorgen was slightly inhibited by high concentration of glutamate, more than 20mM, on continuous monoculture of R. sphaeroides K-7. On the other hand, both on continuous monoculture of C. butyricum and on mixed culture of C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides K-7, production of hydrogen was not inhibited by high concentration of glutamate such as 100mM. Hence this suggests that high concentration of waste water can be used as good substrate for hydrogen production on monoculture of C. butyricum and mixed culture of C. butyricum and R. sphaeroides K-7.


Damage to hoisting (PMG ) is an important issue. For repair service is required to conduct a series of works to determine the number of specialists required to participate in repair work. The paper proposes a method based on the construction of a regression model is the dependence of efficient performance of the input factors. For selection of relevant factors method based on Parallel Genetic Algorithms. Then, given the constraints on the input factors and the effective indexes, optimization problem is solved to determine the best values of the input factors and output indicators.


With President Obama vacationing in Martha's Vineyard this week, and Donald Trump's continued domination of the political news cycle, there was little commentary on the president or his party outside that on the 2016 presidential race. The Federalist, however, did give a piece of advice to the Democratic Party on Monday, suggesting that it should rename itself given its historic association with slavery. Townhall meanwhile reckons that there is 'widespread panic' amongst the Democratic Party given that former Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, is 'in meltdown' with her rival, Vermont Senator, Bernie Sanders leading the polls in some states.


According to various sources, after 2014 there was a clear decline in GDP and the level of income in Ukraine, which, taking into account the interdependence between economic growth and the condition of the labor market, translated into significant difficulties in the structure of resources and the activity of the local workforce. The source of these difficulties turned out to be not only the price factor, but also non-price factors such as poor protection of employee rights, lack of social protection and social security, as well as payment gridlocks on the employer-employee line. This forced many Ukrainians to sometimes make dramatic decisions about economic emigration, mainly to European Union countries, including Poland. According to various estimates, there are currently 7 to 9 million Ukrainian citizens working abroad who contribute to the development of the economies of other countries. Meanwhile, the Ukrainian labor market is in a very difficult situation. Based on the analysis of official statistical data, an attempt was made to characterize the Ukrainian labor market, its main determinants were outlined and Ukrainians' attitudes towards changes on the domestic labor market were determined. The research used critical literature analysis, statistical description methods, spatial analysis methods and case study method. Based on the conducted analyzes, it was shown that in the years 2010–2017 the Ukrainian labor market was struggling with a number of unfavorable phenomena, which was significantly aggravated by the political crisis at the turn of 2013 and 2014.


Abstract Five Re(LL)(CO)3(Im)+ complexes have been prepared, where LL are 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 4,4'-dicarboxyl- 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy(COOH)2), 4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine-4-carboxylic acid (mbpy(COOH) and bathophenanthroline disulfonic acid (phen(phSO3H)2). All complexes exhibit metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) absorption in the 350 - 380 nm range. Exciting the MLCT transition results in orange luminescence. The 3MLCT emission maxima for these complex range from 580 - 625 nm in aqueous solution. These complexes have higher emission quantum yield and longer lifetime in organic solvent than in aqueous solution. Acetyl microperoxidase-8 (AcMP8, hydrolysis product of cytochrome c) resembles the heme environment of peroxidase on both structure and activities. Photoinduced oxidation of the FeIII to ferryl (FeIV=O) has been observed for AcMP8 in pH=8 buffer solution. In organic-aqueous mixed solvent system, catalytic oxygenation of stilbene by AcMP8 is observed. The system involves a sensitizer (i.e. Ru(bpy)32+), an electron acceptor (e.g. benzoquinone), a catalyst (i.e. AcMP8), and stilbene. Benzaldehyde is the major product. Singlet C60 is generated from photoexcitation and decays to triplet C60 via intersystem crossing. Triplet C60 readily transfers its energy to molecule oxygen and produces singlet oxygen. Singlet oxygen is a powerful oxygen donor, and therefore, reacts with dimethyl sulfide to give dimethyl sulfoxide. Yield of photoproduct and sensitizer stability are highly dependent on the solvent composition. C60 is most stable in a solution of 3 to 1 toluene/methanol mixture. With the presence of a protic solvent (e.g. methanol, water), the oxygenated reaction rate of dimethyl sulfide is faster.


The kinetics of surface reaction of Fe3Al with water vapour or oxygen was investigated using AES and XPS. Both reactions are very rapid and initiate after 1.5×100-6 Pa·s exposure. The reaction of Fe3Al with water vapour saturates after an exposure of 1×10-4 Pa·s and the oxide formed is Al2O3, the reaction of Fe3Al with oxygen shows an initial saturation after an exposure of 1.5×10-5 Pa·s, followed by a further stage of reaction. These two stages were supposed to correspond to the oxidation of Al and Fe respectively. The kinetics of these reactions can be used to explain the different ductility behaviour of aluminides in various environments.


Attached bacterial populations cultured without an exogenous carbon source or grown in conjunction with attached diatoms incorporated [3H]thymidine at a rate between four and five times lower than that of replicate bacterial populations which were dispersed before being assayed.


The molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) at the nuclei of a large heterogeneous set of halogen bonded complexes calculated at M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory, is studied. The halogen bond formation leads...


Introduction Malnutrition is responsible for high morbidity and mortality in Ind school children who constitute particular victims. Children constitute nation's human resource. Early detection and prompt management are essential to reduce their mortality percentage. Today measures for better nutrition in tribal communities Minister's 20 point programme (1). It is well recognized that main ca malnutrition among these people and in many developing countries are poor economic condition, low education standard and inadequate availability of food. The dietry and nutritional surveys so far carried out in India have been largely confined to the urban school children and limited studies have so far being carried out in rural areas. Nutritional status of children can be assessed with important tools like clinical examination, anthropometric measurement, biochemical laborat simplest, most practical and essential part of the nutritional surveys. The present study was undertaken with these limitations to assess the rural tribal primary school children on the clinical parame this purpose isolated easily accessible pockets of tribal groups in hilly areas of of Dhule district of Maharashtra were taken as study material. Materials and methods The present study was carried out in tribal primary sc 404 primary schools children of both sexes between 6 examined. The information age in complete years was obtained from school record. The weights were taken by weighing balance up to nearest 0.1 kg. A thorough clinical examination of children was done including anthropometrical measurements and other related factors for the nutritional status of -IJMS)


To scaffold students' wiki-based, ill-structured problem solving in an online environment, the author designed conceptual, metacognitive, procedural, and strategic scaffolds. Using mixed methods research, this study explored the effectiveness of the scaffolds and the use of wikis in the ill-structured problem solving process. Data were collected from multiple sources, including surveys, virtual observations, project-related documents and postings in Blackboard, e-mails, and group wiki pages. The findings of this study suggest that soft scaffolding is necessary, especially for conceptual guidance, to effectively support students' ill-structured problem solving. The hard, metacognitive scaffolds provided in the course not only supported student groups' planning, monitoring, and evaluation in their illstructured problem solving processes, but also helped the instructor provide tailored conceptual, metacognitive, and strategic scaffolding. The participants in this study reported that they depended on synchronous communication tools, rather than wikis, to discuss the project issues and make group decisions. The results of this study indicate that although wikis are effective for collaborative writing and editing, they are not very effective as a communication tool in the illstructured problem solving process. The implications for future scaffolding design and implementation are discussed.


Heart diseases is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. To help cardiologists in treating these conditions, medical technology has been researching ways to improve Electro – Cardiogram (ECG), the main tool to find out the health of patient's health. These large machines that are once exclusively found at hospitals can now be at a patient's disposal. The goal of this is: i) developed a USB Based ECG Portable system and displayed the acquired ECG signal and stored it in Laptop format .doc using print screen. It gives a larger degree of freedom to the patient, using a Microcontroller (PIC), an Analog circuit, Universal serial bus technology; ii ) Found the arrhythmia condition with good accuracy and sensitive in an automated way. It is a simple portable and thereby it records the ECG Signal of the patient, in and around the places. Further, a patient himself can carry out the device and subsequently, he/she can record his own heart activity over a period of time in a day. An automated ECG Signal analysis will give a report of an individual. Keep up with the trend of USB health care, this device has been given a feasible solution that is reliable, portable, easy for the subject to use, and with good power efficiency so that the person could be monitored for a long period of time. It helped to reduce the time the patient spends in the hospital and helped health care professionals to take care of him even when they are not in direct contact with him.


Many applications for mobile robot authentication require to be able to explore a large field of view with high resolution. The proposed vision system is composed of a catadioptric sensor for full range monitoring and a pan tilt zoom (PTZ) camera leading to an innovative sensor, able to detect and track any moving objects at a higher zoom level. In our application, the catadioptric sensor is calibrated and used to detect and track regions of interest (ROIs) within its 360 degree field of view (FOV), especially face regions. Using a joint calibration strategy, the PTZ camera parameters are automatically adjusted by the system in order to detect and track the face ROI within a higher resolution.


Through literature,questionnaire,mathematical statistics and other research methods,to investigate the reasons for common sports injuries of 218 players of 15 women's high level reserve talented team in our country,combined with the technical characteristics of volleyball sports,high-level women's volleyball physical,technical and Talented athletes training level features such as groups,from " direct factors and the potential factors " to analysis the reasons for common sports injuries of high level of women's volleyball team.Make recommendations to minimize the incidence of sports injuries,from regulating technical action,improving the level of scientific training and the strengthening of medical supervision perspective.


Irish history of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries has always enjoyed widespread attention if only because political developments in Ireland exerted an influence on the parliamentary and political history of Britain. More recently, economic and social developments in Ireland have attracted the attention of some scholars who believe that the Irish experience sheds light on several questions of universal concern, ranging from the communal response to demographic catastrophy to the modernization and politicization of peasants. Yet another group of scholars have become interested in the interrelationship between cultural and political developments in Ireland, and these have sought to provide a political explanation for the cultural movement that has become known as the Irish Literary Renaissance. Little contact exists between the two groups of scholars but, as will appear from the discussion of the three books under review, each of the two methods of enquiry suffers from three basic deficiencies. When drawing attention to change each group of scholars tends to exaggerate the uniqueness of the nineteenth century and to disregard the threads of continuity in the modern Irish historical experience from at least the late sixteenth century to the present. Second, although concerned with providing answers to universal problems, each group of scholars tends ironically towards a narrowness of approach, because each generally neglects to compare the Irish experience with developments in contemporary European societies. Finally, the pursuit of more recent concerns has resulted in the failure of each of the two groups of scholars to make appropriate allowance for the place of religion in Irish society.


Here we describe a method for fingerprinting the mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (VH) repertoire. Using a novel combination of existing techniques, large numbers of expressed VH genes can be simultaneously displayed as a fingerprint of VH gene fragments on a sequencing gel. This is achieved using isotype‐specific reverse transcription‐PCR amplification, restriction digestion and end‐labeled primer run‐offs. This technique (Res‐PCR) allows analysis of the immune response, in this case to phenyloxazolone, in several different tissues and enables molecular cloning and sequencing of the VH genes involved in vivo. In addition, with Res‐PCR, a "global" picture of expressed immunoglobulin genes is represented. This elucidates B cell clonality in different tissues and isotypes and detects a preference for shorter complementarity‐determining region 3 in IgM‐expressing cells. Res‐PCR is a rapid and revealing method which will allow analysis of the complexity and sequence composition of the B cell immunoglobulin repertoire and so perhaps better define the B cell memory compartment and immune responses in vivo.


The authors use black and Hispanic representation on city councils to address the proposition that the size of an elective body is related to minority officeholding in that body. A conceptual framework of the nature of minority representation and the types of differences that council size can make are examined using national survey data for 525 cities. The results support the position that council size does not explain the strength of minority representation but that larger councils provide a greater opportunity for minority incumbency. This effect is strongest in at-large election cities. For blacks, the strongest effect is found for at-large election cities in the South.


In the field of high-speed magnetic transport systems, electromagnets are characterized by the fact that the voltage which generates the magnetic field is created by an electrical ampere turn while in the case of permanent magnets, the magnetic field is generated by using permanent magnet material. In order to decide on the further concentration of development activities, the two magnets were measured on a magnetic test bench of the Thyssen Henschel company in Kassel.


Blow up a sphere in one of the interstices of a lattice until it is held rigidly. There will be no lattice points in the interior and sufficiently many on the boundary so that their convex hull is a solid figure. Such a sphere was called an empty sphere by B. N. Delone in 1924 when he introduced his method for lattice coverings [3, 4]. The circumscribed polytope is called an L-polytope. Our interest in such matters stems from the following result [6, Theorems 2.1 and 2.3]: With a list of the L-polytopes for lattices of dimension ≦n one can give a geometrical description of the possible sets of integer solutions of where f satisfies the following condition (in which Z denotes the integers):


'The money trail' of terrorist activity has become a focus of counterterrorist policy. There has been major success in implementing international standards to prevent and detect terrorist financing. Available evidence suggests that these efforts have contributed to a decrease in transnational terrorist activity. In the wake, they are likely to have contributed to a shift from transnational to "home grown" terrorism. Partly because of this change, and partly because of the continuous expansion of counter-terroristfinancing costs have begun to outweigh the costs of additional measures.


behaviour problems without any formal psychiatric diagnosis. Too frequent drug administration and inadequatereviewwerealsonoted. Comparing the findings of these two studies revealsa few points of interest. Fan found that sig nificantly more male inmates (43%) receivedanti psychotic drug prescriptions than female inmates (26%) (P<0.01). This is compatible with the find ing of Dr Wressellet a!, and is probably related to the significantly higher prevalence of behaviour problemsin the malesex(P<0.0005). Secondly, although the mean daily dosage of antipsychotic drugs for the femalepatients (568mg, s.d.= 777) is also higher than that of the male patients (303mg, s.d.= 374),again compatible with Dr Wressellet al's finding, it is not statistically sig nificant (analysisof variance, F= 3.512). When Dr Wressell et al's claim of significant difference between the mean daily antipsychotic dosagesof the male and female patients was subject to more critical examination, it turned out that they had miscalcu lated the result of the analysisof varianceand hence wrongly statedtheresult.Recalculationof theanaly sis of variance with the provided data shows that the varianceratio (F) was 1.562and henceis not statisti cally significant. This is not unexpected, as the stan dard deviationsof thedaily dosagesarevery great in both studies, especially in the case of the female patients. Therefore the apparent difference in the mean daily dosagesbetween the male and female patients is not any greaterthan the chancevariation between any two patients of the same sex. Another point of interestworthy of further considerationand study may bethe much greatervariation in the daily dosageof antipsychotic drugs in the femalepatients comparedwith the malesasnoted in both studies. Notwithstanding the above comments, I believe that such studies on drug-prescription practices in


The atomic bond and molecular polarizabilities of some fullerenes and aromatic hydrocarbons have been calculated using variational method and delta-function electronic wave functions. The geometries of C 6 0 , C 7 0 and the two stable froms of C 8 4 have also been optimised.


Topologically Interlocked Structures (TIS) are structural assemblies that achieve stability and carrying capacity through the geometric arrangement of interlocking blocks, relying solely on contact and friction forces for load transfer. Unlike beam-like TIS, whose deflection never exceeds the height of the blocks, the deflection of slab-like TIS often does. Yet, the upper limit of deflection of slab-like TIS, a key parameter defining their loading energy capacity, remains unexplored. Here, we establish a theoretical upper bound for the deflection capacity of slab-like TIS and outline a systematic design strategy to approach this upper bound. This strategy is based on engineering the contact interfaces such that the non-central blocks are more engaged in the structural response, leading to a more global and holistic deformation mode with higher deflections. We demonstrate the application of this strategy in a numerical case study on a typical slab-like TIS and show that it leads to a 350% increase in deflection, yielding a value closer to the upper bound than previously reported in the literature. We find that the resulting deflection mode engages all the blocks equally, avoids localized sliding modes, and resembles that of monolithic equivalents. Lastly, we show that the strategy not only maximizes TIS' deflection capacity but also its loading energy capacity.


Hormonal contraception has an important place among contraceptive methods used by diabetic women. While there remain questions about the metabolic and vascular tolerability of certain hormonal contraceptives and some clinical situations are problematic overall the indications and contraindications of hormonal contraception use by diabetic women are better defined than they used to be. With diabetic women it must be determined whether hormonal contraception risks aggravating vascular concerns and what will be the eventual diabetes-related effects. One must also take into account the recent developments in estroprogesterone-based contraceptives. In particular the progressive dose reduction of ethinyl estradiol to just 20 mcg/day in desogestrel- and gestodene-based pills. The author considers whether proper cause exists to be reticent about using estroprogesterone-based contraception. Moreover he considers which estroprogesterone to prescribe if one should systematically favor progesterone-based contraception and how the oral contraceptive pill fits into the array of contraceptive methods appropriate for diabetic women. In general nonhormonal methods are preferable but if hormonal contraception is chosen the choice between macro- and microprogestogens depends upon the client s metabolic micro- and macroangiopathic and gynecoendocrine statuses. Macroprogesterone contraception could be an option especially for premenopausal women.


Introduction: End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) 5D patient have potential to respiratory failure due to excess fluid, thus increasing the incidence of repeated hospital admissions. Deaths were reported in about 15%– 30% cases, where 50%–60% of patients needed respiratory support with mechanical ventilation. About 30%– 40% of patients had complications in the weaning process from mechanical ventilation. Prolonged mechanical ventilation increased mortality and morbidity, the length of stay periods and costs.
Case Report: This case report will discuss the difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients with ESRD 5D who have respiratory failure due to edema pulmonary and pneumonia who were hospitalized at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Hasan Sadikin Hospital - Bandung for 20 days
Conclusion: Weaning difficulty due to accumulation positive fluid balance during hospitalization lead to longer use of mechanical ventilation and pulmonary infection get heavier. A positive cumulative fluid balance could be one factor of weaning difficulty


Water pollution is destroying natural resources and the water scarcity is the biggest challenge for scientist. Cleaning of water by using solar energy is an eco-friendly, economical and a long-term approach for water scarcity and pollution. Recently, graphene oxide (GO) achieved great interest due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. Graphene meets the requirements of excellent porousness, enhanced light absorption, and high photothermal transductions, which can be used to attain efficient production of clean water. In this work, advanced graphene nanomembranes have been used for the efficient production of clean water by utilizing solar thermal energy. In this context, synthesis of graphene is important for research and industrial applications. The graphene nanomembranes were prepared via a chemical exfoliation approach, which included the chemical oxidation of the graphite powder followed by utilization of concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid. Oxidized graphite powder was thermally annealed at [Formula: see text]C for 60 min to synthesize graphene oxide (GO). Chemical reduction of GO with H2O2 led to formation of rGO. Moreover, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) results confirm that the rGO layer of about 70 nm has been synthesized. X-ray diffraction, EDX, and UV–Vis spectroscopic investigations demonstrated the crystallinity, elemental composition, and absorbance of the synthesized material, respectively. Furthermore, graphene nanomembranes have achieved an average water evaporation rate of 6.26 kg m[Formula: see text] h[Formula: see text] under 4 sun illumination with an efficiency of 94.1%.


The invention particularly relates to a fine texture graphite material and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme comprises the following steps: firstly mixing and grinding 50-88 wt% of fine grained graphite, 10-48 wt% of adhesive and 1-20 wt% of organic solvent, and drying in an atmosphere furnace at 50-300 DEG C for 1-20 hours, and then hot-press molding in a mould, charring at 1000-1500 DEG C, and finally graphitizing at 2500-3000 DEG C to obtain the fine texture graphite material, wherein the mixing and grinding is carried out in a mixing machine or a ball grinder, the mixing and grinding speed is 50-800 revolutions per minute, and the mixing and grinding time is 1-48 hours; and the process of the hot-press molding is as follows: the hot pressing temperature is 300-600 DEG C, the heating rate is 0.1-30 DEG C/minute, the hot pressing pressure is 10-40 MPa, and the temperature and pressure holding time is 1-24 hours. The invention has the characteristics of simple preparation process, short production cycle, high yield and the like. After being graphitized, the fine texture graphite material prepared by the invention has a volume density larger than 1.90g/cm and a resistivity less than 12 um ohm.m.


In order to select a proper heat exchanger for a given application, various factors such as pressure, temperature, size, fouling factor, and the use of toxic or corrosive fluids must be considered. These pressure and temperature requirements mainly dictate the type of heat exchanger selected. In general, for high pressures and temperatures, tubular heat exchangers that conform to safety regulations and manufacturing codes are used. For moderate pressures, small but very efficient plate heat exchangers can be employed.

There are three heat-transfer modes, ie, conduction, convection, and radiation, each of which may play a role in the selection of a heat exchanger for a particular application. The basic design principles of heat exchangers are also important, as are the analysis methods employed to determine the right size heat exchanger. The shell-and-tube exchanger is the workhorse of power, chemical, refining, and other industries. Plate heat exchangers are used as an alternative in relatively low temperature and pressure applications involving liquids and two-phase flows. Cold-plate heat exchangers are used for electronics cooling applications.

Heat exchangers are used whenever energy has to be transferred, and the proper design and use of heat exchangers are vitally important for efficient operation of an industrial system, for energy conservation, and ultimately for the protection of the environment. There are numerous design and operating problems originating from a lack of understanding of basic flows and heat-transfer phenomena such as flow distribution in manifolds, flow-induced vibration in two-phase flows, heat-transfer enhancement, fouling, etc.

In order to help companies and organizations overcome problems associated with heat exchangers, for example, Heat Transfer Research Inc. (HTRI) (U.S) and the Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Service (HTFS) (UK) provide results of heat-transfer and fluid-flow research, design methods, supporting computer programs, and proprietary equipment testing.

Keywords:

Heat transfer theory;
Conduction;
Convection;
Thermal design methods;
Heat exchangers;
Basic equations;
Exchanger types;
Shell and tube;
Plate heat;
High temperature;
Waste heat recovery;
Low temperature;
Non-Newtonian fluids;
Micro heat;
Header design;
Performance enhancement


Theory predicts rating agencies' incentive conflicts to be stronger in boom periods, leading to biased ratings and a reduced level of rating quality. We investigate this prediction empirically based on three different approaches. First, we show that initial ratings disagree with bond spread levels during boom periods in the way that rating agencies hold a systematically more optimistic view. Second, we reveal that boom bond ratings tend to be more heavily downgraded from an ex post perspective; and, third, we demonstrate that boom ratings are inflated compared with "conflicts-free" benchmark ratings. In several robustness tests we show that the observed "boom bias" does not result from changes in credit-worthiness, adjustments in rating standards, competitive pressure, or market supply, but rather from rating agencies' incentive conflicts.


Nepomnjascii's Theorem states that for all 0 0 the class of languages recognized in nondeterministic time n^k and space n^\epsilon, NTISP[n^k, n^\epsilon ], is contained in the linear time hierarchy. By considering restrictions on the size of the universal quantifiers in the linear time hierarchy, this paper refines Nepomnjascii's result to give a sub- hierarchy, Eu-LinH, of the linear time hierarchy that is contained in NP and which contains NTISP[n^k, n^\epsilon ]. Hence, Eu-LinH contains NL and SC. This paper investigates basic structural properties of Eu-LinH. Then the relationships between Eu-LinH and the classes NL, SC, and NP are considered to see if they can shed light on the NL = NP or SC = NP questions. Finally, a new hierarchy, zeta -LinH, is defined to reduce the space requirements needed for the upper bound on Eu-LinH.


A two-dimensional modeling technique is used to simulate GaAs transferred-electron devices operated as a logic gate (the TELD) and as a threshold gate. The simple logic gate has a good transfer characteristic but is shown sensitive to bias variations and operates with monostable output. For an input logic swing of 0.6 V and a fanout of 2, a propagation delay of 26 ps and gain of 1.25 is predicted. A bi-stable threshold gate shows a turn-on time of about 80 ps. An FET-triggered two-terminal transferred-electron device is calculated to have propagation delay of 27 ps with a gain of -1.2. Subsequent similar stages would require a noninverted output obtainable from a capacitive electrode on the TED. However, it is shown that additional anode load resistance is required to obtain a significant positive pulse output from such capacitive electrodes. The bias power requirement is estimated to be similar to the simple TELD gate.


Previously, we reported satisfactory results obtained from experimental and clinical studies on the alcohol-preserved arterial homo- and heterograft in this monthly in October 1954. 1-4 However, a case of a man who had a rupture because of deterioration of an alcohol-preserved heterograft (horse) 9 months after its transplantation had been performed, and, furthermore, our experimental studies on the transplantation of the thoracic aorta of dogs revealed that alcohol-preserved homo- and heterografts gave less satisfactory results than did synthetic arterial grafts. 5 Consequently, our efforts have been made on the studies on synthetic arterial grafts which have been routinely used clinically since 1956. 6 Up to the present time, about 60 transplantations with synthetic grafts have been performed with satisfactory results. Recently, aortography was performed on 2 patients who had been clinically well after transplantation of alcohol-preserved homo-and heterografts (sheep) because of abdominal aortic aneurysms which were performed 7 years and


Purkinje neurons fire spontaneous action potentials at ~50 spikes/sec and generate more than 100 spikes/sec during cerebellum-mediated behaviors. Many voltage-gated channels, including Ca channels, can inactivate and/or facilitate with repeated stimulation, raising the question of how these channels respond to regular, rapid trains of depolarizations. To test whether Ca currents are modulated during firing, we recorded voltage-clamped Ca currents, predominantly carried by P-type Ca channels, from acutely dissociated mouse Purkinje neurons at 30-33{degree sign}C (1 mM Ca). With 0.5 mM intracellular EGTA, 1-second trains of either spontaneous action potential waveforms or brief depolarizing steps at 50 Hz evoked Ca tail currents that were stable, remaining within 5% of the first tail current throughout the train. Higher frequency trains (100 and 200 Hz) elicited a maximal inactivation of


PP2C-type phosphatases play roles in signal transduction pathways related to abiotic stress. The cyanobacterial PP2C-type phosphatase tPphA specifically dephosphorylates the PII protein, which is a key regulator in cyanobacteria adapting to nitrogen-deficient environments. Previous studies have shown that residue His39 of tPphA is critical for the enzyme's recognition of the PII protein; however, the manner in which this residue determines tPphA substrate specificity is unknown. Here, we solved the crystal structure of H39A, a tPphA variant. The structure revealed that the mutation of residue His39 to alanine changes the conformation and the flexibility of the loop in which residue His39 is located, and these changes affect the substrate specificity of tPphA. Moreover, previous studies have assumed that the FLAP subdomain and the third metal (M3) of tPphA could mutually influence each other to regulate PP2C catalytic activity and substrate specificity. However, despite the variable conformations adopted by the FLAP subdomain, the position of M3 was consistent in the tPphA structure. These results indicate that the FLAP subdomain does not influence M3 and vice versa. In addition, a small screen of tPphA inhibitors was performed. Sanguinarine and Ni2+ were found to be the most effective inhibitors among the assayed chemicals. Finally, the dimeric form of tPphA was stabilized by cross-linkers and still exhibited catalytic activity towards p-nitrophenyl phosphate.


Divorce: A Matter of Rights and Responsibilities by Mary Jane Watson Brick Dr. Alan Zundel, Examination Committee Chair Associate Professor o f Political Science and Ethics and Policy Studies University of Nevada, Las Vegas In 1970, American society, steeped in a culture that emphasizes individual rights, turned away from traditional fault-based divorce laws to embrace the easy, unilateral no fault divorce laws in place today divorce laws that have had unexpected and disastrous economic consequences for the children of divorce. During the 1990s, many political and social groups advocated divorce reform that would return divorce law to a more traditional, fault-based system; however, no significant revisions to the no-fault laws were passed, arguably because our cultural norms will not support a return to fault-based divorce. Recognizing the underlying political and ethical theories that have shaped our culture, and turning the focus away from one of limiting divorce to one of improving the circumstances of children of divorce may be the first steps in creating national-level public policy that can positively impact the worst outcomes o f divorce while presenting the best chance of passage into law. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF FIGURES......................................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.............................................................................................. vii CHAPTER


Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of syphilis among blood donors in a Rural Health Zone in north-eastern DR Congo (Isangi). Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in the Rural Health Zone of Isangi from January 1st, 2010 to December 31st, 2017 involving 814 blood donors. Results: 814 blood donors were counted including 725 males (89%) and 89 females (11%), a sex ratio M / F of 8.14. The majority of blood donors were 17-25 years old (44%) and 25-35 years old (32%) with a mean age of 32.3 ± 8 years. Family blood donors were the majority (90%). The seroprevalence of syphilis was 1.7%. This seroprevalence was higher among young, male, living alone, family, illiterate and primary and non-professional blood donors. No epidemiological parameters studied were significantly associated with the seropositivity of the antibodies sought. Conclusion: The seroprevalence of syphilis was low in blood donors in the Rural Health Zone of Isangi. This seroprevalence would be underestimated because of the use of a single rapid diagnostic test (RPR) in screening blood donors. The improvement of transfusion safety in the Rural Health Zone of Isangi should be directed towards the abandonment of the family donation, the promotion of the voluntary donation, the organization of the donors in "clubs" and their loyalty.


Due to their potential to increase strength, athletes may consume performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) such as anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) and human growth hormone (GH). Despite the controversies surrounding the use of AAS and human GH, the chronic regimes and doses consumed for performance enhancement are markedly higher than those used acutely in clinical situations (with respect to compounds approved for therapeutic use), and may have adverse effects on the myocardium. These include increases in cardiac mass, though whether this hypertrophy is physiological or pathological in nature remains unclear. Regardless, cardiac hypertrophy is associated with secondary changes in cardiac energy metabolism that may contribute to cardiac dysfunction and the progression towards heart failure. As the misuse of PEDs may also result in sudden cardiac death, a better understanding of PED-induced cardiac hypertrophy and energy metabolism is required.


January 2016 David Risley was the U.S. Department of Justice Attaché and Legal Advisor at the U.S. Embassy in Cairo from 2010 to 2015. There he liaised with the Egyptian judiciary, the Public Prosecution Office, and the Ministry of Justice. Risley analyzes the structural and systemic issues within Egypt's judiciary and explores the tension between its regressive and progressive trends. Risley argues that while events of the past few years have led some in the judiciary to use their powers as a blunt instrument to get back at perceived enemies of the judiciary or the state, there are influential progressive and reform oriented judges that are trying to move the institution forward. These efforts deserve international support.


Telephone Building Energy Consumption and Control (TELBECC) program has been developed to accurately and efficiently analyze environmental control and energy use in telephone company buildings. The program simulates various operational plans to determine the relative energy and cost savings. By analyzing the operation of the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system as it regulates a changing environment, TELBECC calculates the heating and cooling load, dry-bulb temperature, and relative humidity in the building. The user specifies the building's dry-bulb temperature limits, which are the control variables for the program analysis. The simplified computational procedure of the program incorporates a recursive scheme using time series to perform the necessary calculations. The results of the computations can be obtained for different periods: the quarter hour, hour, day, or month. Energy consumption and control in several equipment buildings located in three different geographical areas have been analyzed by TELBECC. Analysis and comparison of the resulting data demonstrate the advantages of the program.


Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy have been widely used in aerospace industry. However, there is still a lack of research on thermal stability of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy products. In the present work, an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy with T79 and T74 states was placed in the corresponding environment for thermal exposure experiments. Performance was measured by tensile strength, hardness and electrical conductivity. In this paper, precipitation observation was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HREM). The precipitations of T79 state alloy were GPⅡ zone, η' phase and η phase while the ultimate tensile strength, hardness and electrical conductivity were 571MPa, 188.2HV and 22.2MS×m-1, respectively. The mechanical property of T79 state alloy decreased to 530MPa and 168.5HV after thermal exposure. The diameter of precipitate increased and the precipitations become η' and η phase at the same time. During the entire thermal exposure, T74 state alloy had the same mechanical property trend as T79 state alloy. The precipitate diameter also increased while the types of precipitate did not change under thermal exposure. The size of precipitates affected the choice of dislocation passing through the particles to affect the mechanical properties.


Nephrotic syndrome is a chronic childhood disease characterized by relapses and children with this condition tend to have behavioural problems associated with the disease. These behavioural problems are usually not anticipated in most resource limited settings and can be frightening thereby making the children and the care givers to be distressed. Seven children with nephrotic syndrome who developed various behavioural abnormalities while on admission were discussed. There were four girls and three boys with age range seven to fourteen years. The abnormal behaviours noted were visual and auditory hallucinations, inappropriate speech and behaviour, attempted suicide, attention seeking behaviour and social withdrawal. These behavioural abnormalities were related to prednisolone therapy in five of the children. Diagnosis made were psychosis and delirium while treatment given included counselling, Risperidone, Halloperidol, Diazepam and reduction or withdrawal of Prednisolone. Abnormal behaviour was not anticipated in these children so the caregivers were taken unaware. This can be worse in infants or in mild cases. Most of the behavioural abnormalities were also associated with the use of prednisolone. There is an urgent need to design guidelines for the management of behavioural abnormalities in nephrotic syndrome especially steroid therapy in resource limited settings. Harmonisation of the skills of paediatric nephrologist and child psychiatrist is also important to obtain the best outcome.


AbstractThis paper discusses the development of a general framework and software system to support automated analysis of sewer inspection closed-circuit television (CCTV) videos. The proposed system aims primarily to support the off-site review and quality control process of the videos and to enable efficient reevaluation of archived CCTV videos to extract historical sewer condition data. Automated analysis of sewer CCTV videos poses several challenges including the nonuniformity of camera motion and illumination conditions inside the sewer. The paper presents a novel algorithm for optical flow-based camera motion tracking to automatically identify, locate, and extract a limited set of video segments, called regions of interest (ROI), that likely include defects, thus reducing the time and computational requirements needed for video processing. The proposed algorithm attempts to recover the operator actions during the inspection session, which would enable determining the location and relative severity of...


This paper conducts an analytical description of the problem of shaft bin volumeselection in relation to the hoist output given and to the stream of rock mass delivered tothe shaft. Special attention is devoted to the stochastic nature of phenomena occurringduring mine operation). The stream of mass transported is identified as the Gaussianand the hoist daily output as the random variable that can be described by a modifiedbeta distribution. The bin volume is considered as a function of either the average valueby which the rock mass exceeds the hoisting capacity of transportation both per dayor the average rock mass that is delivered to the shaft during the mean time of hoistrepair plus the corresponding standard deviation of thise repair time. The rock massfluctuation in the bin is also taken into account, and its effect included in the calculationprocedure.


Coarse dendritic magnesium silicide(Mg2Si) in Mg-Al-Si alloy can substantially impair its performance,so the fine and uniformly distributed Mg2Si phases are desirable.The modification effect of cerium,yttrium and antimony on Mg2Si phases in Mg-9Al-6Si alloy was investigated.The results showed that Ce,Y and Sb all had beneficial effect on the Mg2Si,and the morphology of Mg2Si phases changed from coarse dendrites to fine clumps and small dendrites.After modification,Mg2Si phases distributed uniformly and therie size and interdendritic spacings were decreased too.The modification effect of cerium is the best. Segregated Ce.Y and Sb elements and their intermetallic compounds,i.e.Al11Ce3,Al2Y and Mg3Sb2,which located at the solid-liquid interface of Mg2Si phases,could make Mg2Si grow isotropically and slowly,and thus resulted in the refinement of Mg2Si phases.


Jurisdiction is the foundational concept for both national laws and international law as it provides the link between the sovereign government and its territory, and ultimately its people. The internet challenges this concept at its root: data travels across the internet without respecting political borders or territory. This book is about this Jurisdictional Challenge created by internet technologies. The Jurisdictional Challenge arises as civil disputes, criminal cases, and regulatory action span different countries, rising questions as to the international competence of courts, law enforcement, and regulators. From a technological standpoint, geography is largely irrelevant for online data flows and this raises the question of who governs "YouTubistan." Services, communication, and interaction occur online between persons who may be located in different countries. Data is stored and processed online in data centres remote from the actual user, with cloud computing provided as a utility. Illegal acts such as hacking, identity theft and fraud, cyberespionage, propagation of terrorist propaganda, hate speech, defamation, revenge porn, and illegal marketplaces (such as Silkroad) may all be remotely targeted at a country, or simply create effects in many countries. Software applications ("apps") developed by a software developer in one country are seamlessly downloaded by users on their mobile devices worldwide, without regard to applicable consumer protection, data protection, intellectual property, or media law. Therefore, the internet has created multi-facetted and complex challenges for the concept of jurisdiction and conflicts of law. Traditionally, jurisdiction in private law and jurisdiction in public law have belonged to different areas of law, namely private international law and (public) international law. The unique feature of this book is that it explores the notion of jurisdiction in different branches of "the" law. It analyses legislation and jurisprudence to extract how the concept of jurisdiction is applied in internet cases, taking a comparative law approach, focusing on EU, English, German, and US law. This synthesis and comparison of approaches across the board has produced new insights on how we should tackle the Jurisdictional Challenge. The first three chapters explain the Jurisdictional Challenge created by the internet and place this in the context of technology, sovereignty, territory, and media regulation. The following four chapters focus on public law aspects, namely criminal law and data protection jurisdiction. The next five chapters are about private law disputes, including cross-border B2C e-commerce, online privacy and defamation disputes, and internet intellectual property disputes. The final chapter harnesses the insights from the different areas of law examined.


This study compared the effects of game-based learning and textbook on students achievement. A problem solving method was employed in learning processes in the classroom. One hundred and thirteen students of grade eight from three junior high schools in the Province of Yogyakarta, who were selected using convenience sampling, participated in this study. The study employed a quasi experiment with a pretest-posttest control-group design. The data were collected through a pre-test, post-test, and questionnaire. The data were analysed using ANOVA, indicating that the students who were exposed to the game-based learning within problem solving approach significantly outperformed their counterparts who were exposed on the basis of textbook within problem solving. The data from questionnaire revealed that the students preferred game-based learning because they could understand the materials with enjoyable and easily.


We define the potential polynomial Fjjz' and the exponential Bell polynomial B,, (0, . . . , 0, fP fr+,* * . . ) and we prove a theorem relating the two. Though not well-known, the theorem has many applications, some of which we discuss in this paper. fn particular, the theorem provides a systematic approach to a number of formulas and identities involving Stirling numbers and associated Stirling numbers.


A case of primigravida with 39 weeks of gestation with gestational hypertension and mild anemia with fetal distress having couvelaire uterus without evidence of abruptio placentae is reported. Couvelaire uterus is commonly seen in association with abruptio placenta or complicated with coagulopathy. Here by reporting a rare presentation of couvelaire uterus without any risk factors and diagnosed incidentally during caesarean section.


Reproducibility in Life Sciences is challenged in the analysis of large multi-omics datasets. One of the final steps of said processes is Gene Set enrichment, where web tools represent a valuable resource but not a reliable surrogate for standardized, high-quality visualizations. The AUTO-go framework proposes standardization of the Gene Functional Enrichment process along with an R framework able to produce high-quality visualization in an automated manner, improving the reproducibility of the whole analytical process. We present three use cases in Cancer Transcriptomics and Epigenomics datasets as a proof-of-concept to visualize Multiple Differential Expression and Single Sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Author Summary Bioinformatics and Data Science are routinely challenged to distill intelligible results from huge amounts of data. These results, in turn, are conveyed through plots and visualizations that should be easily reproducible for scientific soundness and ethical reasons. A specific area in which these analyses are of critical importance is Genomics, where Genes functions need to be enriched when comparing pathological states or treatments. Here we present a software framework that aims at standardizing said differential analyses and visualizations when dealing with genomics data. Finally, we show how it can be employed to shear light on publicly available datasets, even in small casuistry of Rare Cancers.


The article gives a thorough account of the International Symposium It's not a private question. The public role of moral theology, held in Berlin (11th-13th of may 2001) to celebrate, ten years after F. Bockle's death, the thought and work of this famous german moral theologian. His ability to meet the most recent and difficult challenges in society and Church was extraordinary : from secularization to cultural pluralism, from the debate on an independent moral theology to the most crucial topics on bioethics, from ethical questions in sexuality, marriage and family to the contradictions of social, economic and political ethics.


A major drawback of today's Li-ion batteries is inadequate performance at low temperatures, which slows down user-friendliness and market expansion of electromobility. Due to the systems complexity, many possible low-temperature limitations and various dependencies on the operating conditions exist. The origin of the performance limitations at low temperatures is still controversial and not completely clarified. We herein demonstrate a comprehensive analysis of the performance limitations at low temperatures using a LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2-based cathode. To separate the overvoltage phenomena, the complex system is decomposed as much as possible and individual aspects are investigated separately. Complementary electrochemical methods are employed to quantify the C-rate and SOC dependence of the individual overvoltage phenomena. Based on comprehensive analysis of the intercalation kinetics, mass and charge transport, we obtain a coherent picture of the performance limitations as a function of operating conditions. This can serve for targeted optimization or parameterizing models to simulate battery behavior. However, the present work is not only concerned with identifying the low-temperature limits of the system studied but also shows how the rate-determining step of the electrode reaction can be efficiently identified as a function of temperature, SOC, and C-rate, which can serve as guideline for future work.


We are developing GRAINE project, a 10-MeV to 100-GeV cosmic γ-ray observation project that uses an emulsion telescope with high angular resolution (0.08 ◦ at 1 to 2 GeV) and polarization sensitivity, and a large aperture area ( ∼10 m2), by repeating long-duration balloon flights. Through various ground experiments, a balloon-borne experiment in 2011, and a balloon-borne experiment in 2015, the feasibility of cosmic γ-ray observations with a balloon-borne emulsion telescope was pioneered. Through scientific balloon-borne experiments, we can attempt to achieve the following: pioneering polarization observations for high-energy γ a s from pulsars, active galactic nuclei, flares, and γ-ray bursts; direct probing of proton acceleration by π0 feature detection and approaching an emission mechanism with a spatial structure for supernova remnants; resolving GeVγ-ray excess at the galactic center region; probing new physics beyond the Planck scale by polarization observations with high-energy γ a s propagating over cosmological distances; observing transient sources, e.g. γ-ray bursts and flares, with high photon statistics and high sensitivity; understanding emission mechanism of giant radio pulses from pulsars by searching for aγ-ray correlation; constraining intergalactic magnetic field by searching for GeV γ-ray pair halos. Developments in scientific balloon-borne experiments are ongoing.


A form of ultramicroscope apparatus is described which enables the evaporation of mist droplets to be followed for long periods. A rough method of estimating the size distribution in aerosols is also given. The rates of evaporation of particles of various phenol solutions have been studied, the solutions chosen being of possible interest as aerial germicides. It is shown that the typical evaporation curve for a binary mixture consists of three parts, which in actual cases need not all be present. Sometimes the more detailed history of an evaporation can be deduced from the results. The approximate effective size distributions in mists of hexyl-resorcinol—propylene-glycol solutions have been measured and compared with the evaporation rates. It is shown that the efficiency of aerial germicides is partly a function of their volatility, and three rough classes are distinguished. But biological evidence is adduced which suggests that the solubility of the germicides in water may be of equal importance, and that the liquid in which the germicide is dissolved is not without effect. A centrifuge is described which enables the maximum particle size in a mist to be limited to a desired value. Methods of estimating quantitatively germicidal aerosols are discussed, and a method described which has been found to give reasonably accurate results in practice. Tentative experiments have been made to determine whether the materials studied are likely to cause corrosion of metals, etc., after pro-longed use. The collision theory of aerial disinfection is discussed, as is also the applicability of Langmuir's treatment of the evaporation of fine particles in mixtures. The development of the experimental technique involved in the biological investigations appertaining to air disinfection has been discussed, together with the numerous fallacies arising and the means by which these have been overcome. The construction of a special pair of experimental chambers is described, and details given, both as regards the bacteria and germicides, of the exact experimental conditions under which the most consistent results can be obtained. The requisite characteristics of germicidal mixtures which could be utilized for air disinfection are considered, and examples of suitable germicides and solvents are given. The method of recording and evaluating the results of a varied assortment of experiments is explained to facilitate inter se comparison. Examples are given of the lethal effectiveness in the air of several germicides in broth emulsions, both with and without the presence of serum, on stock cultures of selected types of bacteria. The sensitivity to the germicides of the bacteria making up the flora of the average normal saliva is compared with that of broth emulsions of bacteria. 10% hexyl-resorcinol dissolved in propylene-glycol+0·05 % sulphonated lorol ("S2") was the most effective all round germicidal mixture of those tested. Various other germicides were found equal in germicidal activity in the air, but for reasons stated have been deemed unsuited for use in the presence of man. The relationship between germicidal efficiency in the air and mist particle size and persistence has been studied by means of centrifuged mists. Particles of 0·5–1·0μ radius are shown to be the most useful in dealing with bacterial particles containing organic matter. Laboratory cultures, emulsified in broth, have been sterilized in mist dispersions by droplets of bactericides at least as small as 0·25μ radius. Tests on the penetrating abilities of bactericidal mists and bacteria through certain cloths have been performed. Experiments to demonstrate the surface sterilizing properties of aerosols have been performed, and examples of differences in effect on horizontal and vertical surfaces are noted. The degree of tolerance of man and animals (mice) for a number of phenolic substances and some organic solvents has been compared with the degree of tolerance of bacteria for the same substances. The tests on man have been confined to the detection by the special senses of the substances suspended in the air as a fine mist. The tests on animals were designed to show acute and chronic effects, the results being recorded in terms of clinical symptoms and pathological changes in the organs. A record was also kept of the findings as regards protozoal parasites of the host, and compared with the normal incidence among ordinary laboratory stock. Tests on bacteria were instituted for the purpose of gaining information on the host-parasite tolerance ratio for our germicides when in the air and when in the test-tube.


The reasons causing the inner crazes of the continuous casting slab were presented,and the countermeasures were taken to reduce the formation of the inner fractures according to the forms and levels of the fractures.


All experimental measurements of particle physics today are beautifully described by the Standard Model. However, there are good reasons to believe that new physics may be just around the corner at the TeV energy scale. This energy range is currently probed by the Tevatron and HERA accelerators and selected results of searches for physics beyond the Standard Model are presented here. No signals for new physics have been found and limits are placed on the allowed parameter space for a variety of different particles.


Abstract Epitaxial films of rare-earth zirconates, RE2Zr2O7 (RE = La, Nd, Sm and Gd) were grown on yttrium stabilized zirconia (100) single crystal substrates using metal-organic deposition. A precursor solution of 0.25 '0.40 M concentration of total cations was spin-coated on yttrium stabilized zirconia substrates and crystallized at 1 000 8C for 3 h in Ar-4%H2 after calcination at 500 8C for 1 h. X-ray diffraction studies showed that the resulting pyrochlore RE2Zr2O7 films were highly textured with cube-on-cube epitaxy. Atomic force microscopy investigations revealed that the surfaces of La2Zr2O7, Nd2Zr2O7 and Sm2Zr2O7 films had a fairly dense and smooth microstructure without cracks and porosity, but that voids could be seen on the surface of the Gd2Zr2O7 film. Optical microscopy measurements confirmed that the Gd2Zr2O7 precursor solution showed poor wetting behavior on the substrate. It was concluded that the Nd2Zr2O7 and Sm2Zr2O7 films could be potentially used as buffer layers for YBa2Cu3O7-d coated conductors.


Objective To discuss the mechanism,clinical features and treatment of ARF caused by RPE.Methods 10 cases of ARF caused by RPE were reviewed retrospecitively.Results All patients were treated by mechanical ventilation and other comprehensive treatment.None of the10 patients was died.Conclusion ARF caused by RPE has higher mortality,and reasonable comprehensive treatment can improve the prognosis.


A simplified approach using the boundary integral equation method is presented in this paper to analyze the steady-state response of beams subjected to harmonic excitation. The fundamental solution required in the boundary integral formulation is derived by solving a singular differential equation. Some simple problems of beams are considered and the results are compared with the actual ones. Moreover, to show the practicablity of the boundary integral equation approach, a more complicated system of the beams is analyzed and it is shown that the numerical results closely agree with the actual ones.


The study aimed to describe rice farm income, its contribution, food security and the welfare of farm households in sub urban. Data were collected by direct interviews with 47 respondents in the sub urban district of Bantul. Technical analysis used was cost and revenue analysis for rice farming, income contribution analysis, analysis of the subsistence level of food, Good Service Ratio analysis and analysis of the purchasing power of farmers. The results showed that the average income of rice farmers in a single growing season in the research location is IDR 3,276,355. The average contribution of rice farming income to total revenue is 29.80%. Farm households in the research location are classified as food secure with an average value of food security of 1.94. Welfare according to the level of Good Service Ratio of the farm households is relatively more prosperous with a welfare value of 0.66. Meanwhile, the value of farmers' purchasing power in the research location is equal to 120%, which means that farm households are classified as more prosperous. About 80% of the farm households in the research location are classified as food secure with an average value of food security of 1.94. Keywords— Peri-Urban, Food Security, Welfare


infection, and (b) twenty cases, resistant to the older methods of treatment, receiving tuleron at a late stage of infection. 3. The first group, after a period of observation including test of cure, gave 74 per cent. cures, 17 per cent. failures, and 9 per cent. relapses. The second group gave five "failures" out of the twenty cases. 4. With the dosage used in this series (11 grammes per three-day course) no alarming drug reactions were observed. Three complained of slight headache, four of slight nausea, and two developed a generalized urticaria, which cleared up in about a week on cessation of the drug. No polyneuritis was encountered.


The nonnegative rank of nonnegative matrices is an important quantity that appears in many fields, such as combinatorial optimization, communication complexity, and information theory. In this paper, we study the asymptotic growth of the nonnegative rank of a fixed nonnegative matrix under Kronecker product. This quantity is called the asymptotic nonnegative rank, which is already studied in information theory. By applying the theory of asymptotic spectra of V. Strassen (J. Reine Angew. Math. 1988), we introduce the asymptotic spectrum of nonnegative matrices and give a dual characterization of the asymptotic nonnegative rank. As the opposite of nonnegative rank, we introduce the notion of the subrank of a nonnegative matrix and show that it is exactly equal to the size of the maximum induced matching of the bipartite graph defined on the support of the matrix (therefore, independent of the value of entries). Finally, we show that two matrix parameters, namely rank and fractional cover number, belong to the asymptotic spectrum of nonnegative matrices.


Type II string compactifications to 4d generically contain massless Ramond-Ramond U(1) gauge symmetries. However there is no massless matter charged under these U(1)'s, which makes a priori difficult to measure any physical consequences of their existence. There is however a window of opportunity if these RR U(1)'s mix with the hypercharge U(1)Y (hence with the photon). In this paper we study in detail different avenues by which U(1)RR bosons may mix with D-brane U(1)'s. We concentrate on Type IIA orientifolds and their M-theory lift, and provide geometric criteria for the existence of such mixing, which may occur either via standard kinetic mixing or via the mass terms induced by Stückelberg couplings. The latter case is particularly interesting, and appears whenever D-branes wrap torsional p-cycles in the compactification manifold. We also show that in the presence of torsional cycles discrete gauge symmetries and Aharanov-Bohm strings and particles appear in the 4d effective action, and that type IIA Stückelberg couplings can be understood in terms of torsional (co)homology in M-theory. We provide examples of Type IIA Calabi-Yau orientifolds in which the required torsional cycles exist and kinetic mixing induced by mass mixing is present. We discuss some phenomenological consequences of our findings. In particular, we find that mass mixing may induce corrections relevant for hypercharge gauge coupling unification in F-theory SU(5) GUT's.


Background & aims: Diabetes mellitus is an important risk factor for the development and progression of atrial fibrillation. There are several possible pathways to the mechanisms of atrial fibrillation associated with diabetes mellitus. Long-term inflammation is one of the mechanisms. To our knowledge, there is not a study that consistent evidence about the link between atrial fibrillation and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in diabetes mellitus. In the study, we aimed to investigate the possible association of chronic atrial fibrillation with neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in patients who have type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 812 diabetes mellitus patients were retrospectively screened between March 2012 and March 2013. Patients with diabetes mellitus and a history of electrocardiographically documented persistent atrial fibrillation were assigned to the atrial fibrillation group (Group 1) (n=72) and, if no history of atrial fibrillation was evident, patients were placed in the normal sinus rhythm group (Group 2) (n=72). Results: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was different among patients with atrial fibrillation and without atrial fibrillation (2.87±1.3 vs. 2.2±1.56 p=0.019). Cut-off point of Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was at 2.38, and sensitivity, specificity was 75.7% and 67% respectively Conclusions: In conclusion, we suggest that neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio increase in diabetic patients with atrial fibrillation when compared to diabetic patients without atrial fibrillation. We think that neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio can be used as a marker of development of atrial fibrillation in diabetic patients.


Objective:To investigate the effect of Radix Paeoniae Alba on Oddi sphincter of dogs after pancreatic transplantation.Methods:To measure the pressure of Oddi sphincter for normal dogs and those after pancreatic transplantation.Results:There were no significantly different for contract pressure of normal dogs(P0.05),but the basic pressure,contract frequency and motivation index were both droped(P0.01).The basic pressure,contract pressure,contract frequency and motivation index were all droped when usage of Radix Paeoniae Alba(P0.01).Conclusions:Radix Paeoniae Alba could restrain the movement of Oddi sphincter,which could conduce to prevent and cure the pancreatitis after transplantation.


The invention is applicable to the information technical field and provides a method, system and device for printing an invoice. The invoice contains a first black label and a second label. The method of the invention comprises the following steps: when express personnel receive messages, a communication terminal receives and stores the input customer information; an input command of printing the invoice is received, the customer information is sent to a printer through a network, the printer is controlled to print the customer information on the invoice; when the printing position of the printer is located to the first black label of the invoice, a command of adding one to the invoice number is sent to the communication terminal; the communication terminal adds one to the prestored invoice number; and when the printing position of the printer is located to the second black label of the invoice, the communication terminal receives an input modify command to ensure that the invoice number stored in the communication terminal is equal to the invoice number on the invoice. By using the method of the invention, when a customer loses an invoice, the corresponding invoice number can be found through a waybill number.


Abstract The problem examined is the determination of the optimum size for a warehouse used to store products over a finite planning horizon. Both fixed and changeable warehouse size problems are treated under conditions of deterministic and probabilistic storage demand. The latter is formulated as a linear programming problem and transformed via duality theory into an equivalent network flow problem for efficient solution. Costs considered are those due to warehouse construction, storage of products within the facility, and storage demand not satisfied by storage in the warehouse.


Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the main site for non-shivering thermogenesis in most mammals. The BAT-specific uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) uncouples substrate oxidation from ATP production and hereb ...


Adsorption isotherms Modified adsorbent Kaolin-bentonite clay Thermodynamics; Kinetics Desorption A B S T R A C T The textile effluents are considered as potential source of water contaminations. Thus the effective methods were adopted for the removal of dyes and colorants from the textile effluents. In the present research, the removal of textile dye Congo red was carried out by bentonite clay blend with kaolin. The kaolin-bentonite clay (KBC) was used as adsorbent. The adsorption properties of KBC towards Congo red were investigated, at various temperatures 303-318 ±2 K under the optimized conditions. The adsorption equilibrium data were fitted in Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm models and the values of the respective constants were evaluated by employing standard graphical method. From the graph, it was founded that Langmuir model is the best fitted isotherm. Feasibility of adsorption process (RL) and sorption energy (Es) was also determined. The pH of adsorbent was estimated by pH drift method. Kinetics of dye removal was investigated that it follows pseudo second order rate constant. The surface morphology of adsorbent was observed by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).


Mikhail Zamkov, Advisor The study focused on developing synthetic routes for the colloidal synthesis of ZnSe/CdS semiconductor heterostructures, various in size and geometry, and evaluating their applicability to practical realizations. Such composite semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) with core/shell morphology can be designed to drive an efficient separation of photoinduced charges. As a preliminary, high-quality ZnSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots (QDs), exhibiting a type II carrier localization regime, were fabricated via a traditional pyrolysis of organometallic precursors. An efficient spatial separation of electrons and holes between the core and the shell was observed for heterostructures containing more than 3 monolayers of CdS, which allows for their potential applications in areas of biomedical imaging, solar cells, and QD based lasers. Furthermore, colloidal synthesis of ZnSe/CdS barbell-shaped NCs, comprising a type II heterojunction of ZnSe and CdS domains, showed compelling evidence of photoinduced charge separation at the interface of semiconductor materials. The nanobarbells were fabricated in a two-step procedure by growing ZnSe caps onto polar facets of CdS nanorods. Finally, time-resolved spectroscopy and electrochemistry techniques were used to demonstrate that the attachment of a hole-scavenging surfactant to ZnSe/CdS nanocrystals promotes an efficient transfer of holes to the surface. Specifically, the effect of the shell thickness in core/shell NCs on the ability of core-localized charges to perform oxidative reactions was determined. More importantly, it was observed that holes can be extracted from the core much faster than they recombine with shell-localized electrons, indicating that most of photoinduced holes in these nanostructures can be made available to drive catalytic reactions.


Abstract Millettia ferruginea leaf solvent extracts were tested for repellency against the most important pests of stored maize; the maize weevils and the red flour beetles. 2.5%, 5%, and 10% dosages were applied in 9 cm Whatman number 1 filter paper, with dividing it into three parts. The untreated portion was used as a control, while the neutral was served as the insect release portion. Significantly (P <0.05) higher percentage weevils and beetles (>55%) repellency was recorded in all M. ferruginea leaf polar solvent extracts applied at rates of 5% and 10%, at 2 days after treatment than nonpolar and partial polar solvent extract treatments, and the untreated check. One hundred percent weevils and beetles repellency were recorded in all M. ferruginea leaf polar extract treatments applied at rates of 10%, at 3 days after treatment. Therefore, the M. ferruginea leaf polar solvent extracts were potent, and they could be used in the management of the maize weevils and the red flour beetles in stored maize, at 5% and 10% dosages, under farmers' storage conditions in Ethiopia. However, the crude extracts effect on a human beings, natural enemies, and the cost-effectiveness under farmers' storage conditions needs further study.


In this experiment,500 mL plastic container was chosen from three different containers for the Monacolin K production by monascus solid fermentation,and some important fermentation conditions such as initial water content,thickness of materials,times of overturn exerting influences on the Monacolin K production were studied.The result showed that the optimum conditions was culture temperature,32 ℃ in first 5 days,26 ℃ in last 9 days,the fermentation medium was optimized by 40%~50% initial water content,the thickness of materials 5.0 cm,and 4 days to turn over the materials.


A C825T polymorphism of the G protein β3 (GNB3) gene has been reported to be associated with hypertension and obesity. We analyzed the associations between the GNB3 C825T polymorphism and hemodynamic and body composition phenotypes in the sedentary state and their responses to endurance training in mainly normotensive white (n = 473) and black (n = 255) men and women. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured at rest and during submaximal exercise at constant power output (50 W), and stroke volume and cardiac output were obtained during exercise. Body composition was assessed with underwater weighing. Baseline systolic BP (SBP) at 50 W was slightly higher in the white CC homozygotes (P = 0.036), whereas in blacks the CC genotype was associated with a lower resting HR (P = 0.012). In blacks, the CC homozygotes showed a greater training-induced reduction in HR at 50 W (P = 0.013) and a similar trend was observed also in whites (P = 0.053). Black women carrying the CC genotype showed significantl...


Objective: The COVID-19 disease and related restrictive measures such as quarantine have affected many aspects in human life, including physical activity and mood. The present study aims to investigate physical activity and mental states of athletes in racket sports during general quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study. participants were 196 athletes in racket sports (123 males and 73 females). Their physical activity was measured by Cho's 5-item physical activity questionnaire surveying the type, frequency and intensity of training (from low to very high) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. To evaluate their mood states, we used the short form of Brunel Mood Scale. Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze data in SPSS v. 22 software. Results: The number of training sessions per week and the duration of training decreased during quarantine compared to pre-quarantine period in both male and female racket players (P<0.05). This reduction in duration and number of training sessions was negatively and significantly related to mood states (P= 0.001). Conclusion: Training has a positive effect on the mood states of athletes in racket sports during the COVID-19 pandemic. The intensity of training can affect their mood more than the duration of training. with the increase of training intensity, their negative moods decrease


In this work, an interesting Pd/GaN Schottky diode-type hydrogen sensor, prepared by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method, is fabricated and investigated. The studied device shows a high sensing response of 6.67×104 when exposing to a 1% H2/air gas at 100°C, and also detect even as low as 50 ppm H2/air gas. Moreover the studied device shows short response time and recovery time as 10 and 82 s, respectively, when exposing to a 1% H2/air gas at 150°C. Based on these excellent properties, the studied device gives a promise for high-performance hydrogen sensing applications.


Thesis describes the creation of a fuzzer which uses a genetic algorithm and runtime code coverage metrics to get better results. Research is carried out to show that the new fuzzer performs better than other fuzzers. Additional research is performed on the impact of different code coverage metrics on the genetic algorithm and thus the peformance of the fuzzer.


Abstract : The report describes the Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS), an instrument designed to measure the following three classes of variables: (1) The objective characteristics of jobs, particularly the degree to which jobs are designed so that they enhance the internal work motivation and the job satisfaction of people who do them; (2) The personal affective reactions of individuals to their jobs and to the broader work setting; and (3) the readiness of individuals to respond positively to 'enriched' jobs--i.e., jobs which have measured potential for generating internal work motivation. The JDS is based on a specific theory of how jobs affect employee motivation. It is intended for two general types of use: For diagnosing existing jobs to determine if (and how) they might be re- designed to improve employee productivity and satisfaction; and for evaluating the effect of job changes on employees--whether the changes derive from deliberate 'job enrichment' projects or from naturally-occurring modifications of technology or work systems.


In this work, we extend the formalism of the dynamical vertex approximation (D$\Gamma$A), a diagrammatic approach including many-body correlations beyond the dynamical mean-field theory, to treat the case of {\sl attractive} onsite interactions. We start by exploiting the ladder approximation of the D$\Gamma$A scheme, in order to derive the corresponding equations for the non-local self-energy and vertex functions of the attractive Hubbard model. Secondly, we prove the validity of our derivation by showing, both analytically and numerically, that the results obtained in the particle-hole symmetric case fully preserve the exact mapping between the attractive and the repulsive models. It will be shown, how this property can be related to the structure of the ladders, which makes our derivation applicable for any approximation scheme based on ladder diagrams. Finally, we apply our D$\Gamma$A algorithm to the attractive Hubbard model in three dimensions, for different fillings and interaction values. Specifically, we focus on the parameters region in the proximity of the second-order transition to the superconducting and charge-density wave phases, respectively, and calculate (i) their phase-diagrams, (ii) their critical behavior, as well as (iii) the effects of the strong non-local correlations on the single-particle properties.


Mono-ADP-ribosylation, a post-translational modification of proteins in which the ADP-ribose moiety of NAD is transferred to an acceptor amino acid, occurs in viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotic cells (1). The reaction is distinct from that catalyzed by poly(ADPribose) polymerase, a nuclear protein involved in DNA repair, cell differentiation, and the maintenance of chromatin structure (2). Among mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases, the bacterial toxins, cholera toxin, pertussis toxin, diphtheria toxin, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A are the best characterized in molecular structure, function, and substrate specificity (reviewed in Ref. 1). Mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases from mammalian and avian cells have been cloned and characterized, and specific target proteins have been identified (3, 4). In lymphocytes, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored transferase appears to be involved in immune modulation, whereas other isoforms in lymphocytes (5) and chicken heterophil granules (6) are membrane-associated but appear to be processed for secretion. Further, ADP-ribosyltransferases have been purified from brain, and data from several independent laboratories demonstrate that ADP-ribosylation is involved in neuronal function (7, 8). Deduced amino acid sequences of the vertebrate ADP-ribosyltransferases have similarities to those of viral and bacterial toxin transferases (9, 10) in regions that form, in part, an active site cleft, consistent with a common mechanism of NAD binding and ADP-ribose transfer (9). The majority of the eukaryotic enzymes are arginine-specific transferases. ADP-ribosylation of arginine appears to be a reversible process; free arginine can be regenerated in ADP-ribosylated proteins by ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolases (1). ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase activity was detected in the soluble fraction of turkey erythrocytes, cultured mouse cells, and rat skeletal muscle with deduced amino acid sequences known for rat, mouse, and human brain ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolases (11, 12). ADP-ribosylation of cysteine was reported in bovine erythrocytes (13), and an NAD:cysteine ADP-ribosyltransferase that modified Gai was purified from human erythrocyte and platelet membranes (14). Consistent with this, ADP-ribosylcysteine linkages were detected in rat liver plasma membranes (15). ADP-ribosylation of cysteine can, however, occur nonenzymatically via the reaction of ADP-ribose, generated from NAD by NAD glycohydrolases, with cysteine to form an ADP-ribosylthiazolidine, a linkage distinct from the thioglycoside formed by pertussis toxin (PT)-catalyzed ADP-ribosylation of a cysteine in the heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins (16). Nonenzymatic ADP-ribosylation of cysteine in proteins, however, yielded a product with the same chemical sensitivity as the linkage formed by PT (17). Based on these data, the ADP-ribose-cysteine produced by the human erythrocyte enzyme may have been generated nonenzymatically from free ADP-ribose. Because nitric oxide (NO) induced the noncovalent binding of the entire NAD molecule to a cysteine of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (18), it is important to exclude NAD attachment to cysteine when assaying the radiolabeling of proteins with [P]NAD. This review summarizes information on the avian and mammalian ADP-ribosyltransferases and the recent advances in understanding their role in cellular metabolism.


The developed system is captured by RS-232 telecommunication receiving data (temperature and humidity of each incubator) through radio frequency sensor network system and is made by monitoring system for one person collecting each channel data. This monitoring system is capable of monitoring not only PDA through TCP/IP telecommunication but also personal computer. This system is actively application on telecommunication function of LabVIEW and PDA module and is considerably saved in processing time than using in other tools.


This research was motivated by the presence of the students who dates at school that gave the negative impact. The role of the counselor at school was very needed toresolved that problem. The purpose of this research was to determine the efforts of the counselor to resolved the problem of students who dates at school. The research used descriptive qualitative approach that describes the symptoms, facts and reality in the field about the efforts of the counselortoresolved the learners who are dating at school appropriate with situation that researcher found. The informan of this research were the counselorand the learners. The instrument that used by researcher was interview guides and documentation studies. The technique that researcher used in the processing data through data reduction, data presentation and data conclusion. The result of the research revealed that the counselorhad a problem in implementing individual counseling services. Based on the result of the research recommended to the counselorand the catched of the party to create a conducive environment for the learners.


The effect of transmit antenna scanning modulation on the output signal to noise ratio(SNR)loss in a noncooperative illuminator based bistatic radar is analyzed,which is mechanically scanned in azimuth.The rotating transmit antenna modulated direct-path signal and target echo are described.The general expression of normalized filed pattern for widely used antennas is analyzed.Mathematical representations for direct-path signal and target echo are proposed.Then,with respect to the match filter,the analytical expression for SNR loss of cross-ambiguity processing is derived.The relationship between SNR loss and SNRs of direct-path channel and target echo channel is discussed by simulation.Some suggestions on range bins selection for target detection and the receivers' intermediate frequency bandwidth are presented.


". . .and the better to defend the colony against the Dutch, power is hereby given to you to raise forts and also to take and seize Dutch ships and vessels at sea or as shall come in to any of your harbors or within your power, taking care that such accounts be given to the state as is usual in the like cases. And to that end you are to appoint one or more persons to attend to the care of the business."


Abstract. Competition to attract consumers to companies in Indonesia is getting tougher, especially for marketplace companies. Various ways are carried out by companies to increase consumers, one of which is making Kpop Idol as a Brand Ambassador. This study takes the title "The Relationship of Kpop Idol as a Brand Ambassador to Followers Purchasing Decisions" in order to determine the relationship of the Kpop Idol brand ambassador in the WIB TV Show Tokopedia advertisement to increase purchasing decisions on followers of the @Tokopedia account on Twitter. The research method using correlational quantitative. The theory used in this study is the theory of Agenda Setting. Data collection techniques used in this study were through interviews, distributing questionnaires or questionnaires, observation and literature studies. The population used in this study were followers of the @Tokopedia account on Twitter with a sample return technique, namely the random sampling technique. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between brand ambassadors and the variables of transference, congruence, credibility, attractiveness and power towards purchasing decisions for followers of the @Tokopedia account on Twitter. The results in this study are that there is a strong relationship between Kpop idol brand ambassadors and purchasing decisions for followers of the @Tokopedia account on Twitter.
Abstrak. Persaingan untuk menarik konsumen pada perusahaan di Indonesia semakin ketat terutama bagi perusahaan marketplace. Berbagai cara dilakukan oleh perusahaan demi meningkatkan konsumen salah satunya menjadikan Kpop Idol sebagai Brand Ambassador. Pada penelitian ini mengambil judul "Hubungan Kpop Idol sebagai Brand Ambassador Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Followers" guna mengetahui hubungan brand ambassador Kpop Idol dalam iklan WIB TV Show Tokopedia terhadap meningkatkan keputusan pembelian pada followers akun @Tokopedia di Twitter. Adapun metode penelitian ini yang menggunakan kuantitatif korelasional. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori agenda setting. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui wawancara, menyebarkan angket atau kuesioner, observasi dan studi Pustaka. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah followers akun @Tokopedia di Twitter dengan Teknik pengembalian sampel yaitu Teknik random sampling. Tujuan penelitian ini, untuk mengetahui hubungan brand ambassador dengan variabel transference, congruence, kredibilitas, daya tarik dan power terhadap keputusan pembelian followers akun @Tokopedia di Twitter. Hasil dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan kuat antara brand ambassador Kpop idol dengan keputusan pembelian followers akun @Tokopedia di Twitter.


Abstract
This chapter deals with aspects of the overall criticism in regard to higher education and its growing discrepancy between theory and practice, and the meaning of problem-based and authentic learning. The chapter is based on two specific cases that illustrate how higher education is organized in Sweden, and how education could be organized to correspond to the demands of authentic learning and a new form of knowledge production. Work-based learning started as an alternative to the ordinary three-year nursing program at a university college in the western part of Sweden. One main finding was that the students experienced the relation between the different types of teaching in the program as weak, and the different learning contexts in the program as being separate from each other. Higher Vocational Education (HVE) is a market-oriented vocational higher education program with close cooperation between an educational provider and working life. Work-based learning is a cornerstone of HVE, and authentic learning in a real-life setting constitutes a single course governed by its own syllabus. One main finding, was that students experienced a lack of progression in the work tasks and the subject content of the school-based education was not advanced enough. Workplace learning can serve as a structuring resource in education, but it can also be problematic because knowledge is inherent in routines and technologies.


Mathematical device of algebraic model of constructive logic has been used for many years for multivariate analysis in medicine and biology. The resulting mathematical model is represented by a set of output components in the form of factors indicating the detection restrictions, which are united by the sign of conjunction (indicating joint influence). Each resulting component is characterized by a capacity, which is the essence of the number of rows in the table with the same factors and their intervals of definition. These capacities characterize the degree of influence of the resulting component on the overall result. The input table must not contain contradictions (when the goal is achieved and not achieved when the same values of the factors). For this purpose, the computer program provides for an exception to those target lines, which coincide with non-target rows. However, this is not always acceptable in cases of a large number of matching target lines and unit numbers of non-target rows or vice versa, because a large number of cases is excluded because of a single non-target ВЕСТНИК НОВЫХ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ – 2015 – N 3


This paper addresses two fundamental issues of fuel cycle sustainability. The two primary issues of interest are efficient use of the natural uranium resource (cradle), and management of nuclear waste radiotoxicity (grave). Both uranium utilization and radiotoxicity are directly influenced by the burnup achieved during irradiation (transmutation related) and where applicable the separation efficiency (partitioning related). Burnup influences the in-growth of transuranics by breeding them into the fuel cycle. Transuranic breeding is virtually essential to resource sustainability because it increases utilization of naturally abundant fertile U-238. However, the direct consequence of this build-up is the in-growth of transuranic isotopes which generally increase the source of future geologically committed radiotoxicity. For scenarios involving recycle, separation efficiency influences the degree to which this transuranic source term is removed from active service in the fuel stream and made a disposal legacy of human activity.


The present invention industry, a method of providing a water treatment or water purification system and treated water in commercial and residential applications to the subject. Processing system, municipal water, such as water, including well water, brackish water and soil, by removing at least a portion of any hardness-induced species contained in the water from the water source, to provide treated water or soft water point of use . Water treatment system reduces any scale, or at least dissolved, can be used in other compartments of the electrochemical device such as an electrode compartment, to generate hydrogen ions, and can have at least one compartment captures such as electrodeionization apparatus, comprising an electrochemical device. Other applications of the system are food and beverage, sugar processing and processing, chemical, pharmaceutical, to a variety of industries such as wastewater treatment, and power generation industries.


In this paper we study the asymptotic behavior of global solutions to the initial boundary value problem for semilinear Petrovsky equation with nonlinear damping and source terms by using a difference inequality.