Objective To study the characteristics and the regular patterns of dermatosis incidence during Pakistan flood.Methods The international classification of disease was adopted to classify the data of the dermatosis and the data was analyzed by using Excel software.Results The total number of the investigated victims were 647,the oldest was 80-year-old,and the youngest was eight-day-old.There were 252 males and 395 females.The top ten kinds of the skin diseases occurred on the local victims were eczema,skin infections,acne,pruritus,dermatitis,skin rash,folliculitis,tinea capitis,impetigo and chloasma.According to etiology,the top five diseases were bacterial skin diseases,allergic skin diseases,fungal skin diseases,cutaneous adnexal diseases and neurological skin diseases.Conclusion The skin diseases occurrence in flood disaster area were common,and we should take effective measures to prevent skin diseases.


The integral equation method can be used to obtain exact solutions for scattering from one-dimensional surfaces. Scattering cross sections for randomly rough surfaces can then be found by averaging scattered intensities for many surface realizations. The accuracy of analytical methods for rough surface scattering can then be examined. Traditionally, the perturbation and Kirchhoff approximations have been the most commonly used analytical methods—the former for surfaces with small roughness and the latter for surfaces with smooth roughness. These approaches can be extended systematically to obtain the perturbation series and the multiple scattering series, respectively. The first few terms in the perturbation series can be formally averaged, extending the range of analytic perturbation theory. The terms in the multiple scattering series beyond the lowest order (the Kirchhoff approximation) have not yet been formally averaged. The multiple scattering series is thus implemented as an approximate numerical method. Numerical results will be presented showing the accuracy and limitations of these two series approaches. These results will also clarify how the two complementary series apply when the surfaces have both small and smooth roughness. The relationship of the multiple scattering series to shadowing phenomena and a major shortcoming with the multiple scattering approach will also be addressed. Recently, several new approximations to rough surface scattering have been developed which reduce properly to the perturbation and Kirchhoff approximation limits. These new approaches will be briefly reviewed and their accuracy discussed.


The distribution of alkali ions between an aqueous and an organic phase (CH2Cl2) in the presence of the cyclic silicic acid esters [OSi(OR)2]n (n = 3,4, R = CH3, Si(CH3)3) was determined. The silicic acid esters are about as effective as crown ethers in their extracting power.


The practice of transporting people in exposed positions on goods vehicles is widespread. The practice considerly increases the risk of accidents incurring injury and loss of life, and arguments are put forward as proof of this. Deficiencies in the present law regulating the practice are explained and the reasons for the lack of enforcement given. Present usage is discussed and the implications of changes in the law presented. Specific recommendations are made for amendments to the law with respect to the design and construction of vehicles, for education and publicity to inform the public of the dangers of the practice, and for future work on the problem.


Mobile and other PDA devices allow us to access the World Wide Web anytime and anywhere. Developing dynamic web based applications for mobile devices is a challenging task, because these devices have limited computational resource such as CPU and Physical Memory. In order to overcome these limitations, we proposed layered architecture for the development of mobile web applications. This paper describes the architecture, design and implementation details. Experimental results demonstrate that proposed architecture can effectively reduce client side resource utilization by mobile web applications.


INTRODUCTION
RANTES regulates leukocyte recruitment to areas affected by the inflammatory process. Microvesicles (MVs) belong to a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles and show proangiogenic potential by transferring bioactive molecules to target cells.

OBJECTIVES
the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between circulating proangiogenic factors (MVs and RANTES) and diabetes complications in patients with different severities of diabetic retinopathy (DR). CCR5 (CD195) receptors transported by annexin V-labeled MVs were also investigated.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Diabetic patients (n = 61), among whom 35 had confirmed DR classified according to guidelines, and controls (n = 25) were included. MVs were isolated by centrifugation and analyzed using flow cytometry, RANTES was assessed by ELISA.

RESULTS
the study group differed from the control group with respect to BMI, age, heart rate and systolic blood pressure. Additionally, glucose and creatinine concentrations were significantly increased: 5.30 [5.09-5.62] vs. 9.38 [7.48-11.55] (p <0.0001) mmol/l and 74.59 [64-84] vs. 89.00 [77.11-105.44] μmol/l (p = 0.0005), respectively. RANTES concentrations were significantly increased in diabetic patients compared to those of controls (15.5 (9.7-18.1) vs. 8.9 (0.9-14.6) μg/ml (p = 0.011)), and RANTES concentration significantly increased with respect to nonproliferative DR progression. Moreover, the number of CCR5-positive MVs was significantly increased in patients with heavy nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (HNPDR) compared to those with so nonproliferative DR (SNPDR): 1178 [836-2254] vs. 394 [275-799] counts/μl.

CONCLUSIONS
Correlation of RANTES concentrations with the stage of nonproliferative DR and the statistically significant dependence of CCR5-positive MVs with disease progression suggest that MVs and RANTES can be considered new biomarkers.


Presents a collection of slides covering the following: Internet of Things; SCADA-as-a-service; WaterWorX SaaS model; smart canal; interoperability; Open Standards Reference Model; field device integration technology; and OPC architecture.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to calculate and measure transients for two different constructions of electrodynamic accelerators (ironless and iron-core) supplied by a three-section power system (three capacitor banks). The optimization of power supply parameters (switch-on times and capacitances of individual sections) in terms of system efficiency has been carried out.

Design/methodology/approach
Calculations have been carried out using a field-circuit model. For three-dimensional magnetostatic analysis, the Maxwell software and finite element method (FEM) were used, while for circuit model, the Matlab/Simulink software was implemented. For optimization of the supply system parameters, the genetic algorithm was used. The mathematical models were verified experimentally by using the original laboratory stand.

Findings
The efficiency of the system is much higher in case of iron-core accelerator. In both cases, the results obtained for optimized supply settings are only slightly better than those obtained by simultaneously switching on the thyristors and for symmetrical capacity division.

Research limitations/implications
Due to the presented field-circuit model, eddy currents in rails have been neglected. In the field model, there was no possibility to combine current flow calculations with moving of the projectile.

Originality/value
Using the presented filed-circuit model, both electrical and mechanical transients could be calculated with sufficient precision. Thus, it could be used in the optimization of supply system. The solution time is low compared with the solution time of the transient field model.


I n Britein* preservation initiatives have tended t<> come, I not from the State, but a host of independent and often vpluntary organisatkms. The Ix-st known is the National Trust. This paper is aboul the vvork of a much newer tnist. the Railway Heritage Trust, founded in 1985 hy British Kail, with an initial annual hudget of some i 800,00 which has risen in stages to a figure of £ 1.75 million. The Railway Heritage Trusi has two main functions. Firsl to give grants for the repair ol railways structures, not just stations, bui hridges. yiaducts, and even the (xcasional signal box. Second, lo äCt as a catalyst. hringing in outside pariners witli malt hing funding for tliese projects. Mösl of the grants are given io structures thai anstill pari ol the working railway, bui the Trusi also has a role in helping lo find Solutions for propcrties that are redundant. The spark for the Trust came from another. campaigning conservation trusi, SAU Britain's Heritage. which I and otliers founded in 1975. European Archiieciural Heritage Year. with ilie aim of drawing attention to the large numhefS of historic huildings falling into decay or threatened hy rcdcvelopnient. SAVE hit the headlines w itli the Statist ic thai applicalions to demolish lisied huildings were ainning ai the rate of one a day a listed building belüg <>ne deenied of "special architectural or historic interest" hy the Ministry. I hcse ilisturhing figures resulted partly from the fact that. early in 19~5. there was an application. alas approved. to demolish an entire railway village of 200 houses. all listetl. al Wolverton in Buckinghamshire. So SAVE went to war with British Kail, launehing a ligluning surprise attack. in the form a hard hitting exhihilion entitled Off the Rails", at the Royal Institut of British Architects' Heinz (iallery. This was a hlistering documentary of tlne huildings callously demolished. ahandoned or mutilated. The introduetion to the companion volume to the exhihilion ran "The purpose of this exhihilion is to make you angry... No group of British architects have had their work less cared for than raihvay architects, No aspect of British craftsmanship has Ix-en less conserved than that of oury railway engineers. No land has heen more extravagantly wasted or more disgracefully left unused than railway land. If one purpose of nalionalisation was to ensure that a previously private Service operated for tlie w ider good and benefit of the Community, then British Rail have betrayed the cause of natkmalisätkm. Few fimis in the private sector woukl care as little for their Buildings as British Kail.'' The vitriol of nur altack look British Rail hy surprise. A new chairman w as just arriving. Sir l'eter Parker. ;md lo Ottr surprise and delighl he came lo visit GUT exhihition and in\ ited us to spar with him. He then proeeeded lo sei up an Environment Panel and to appoint one of SAU:"S trustees, Simon Jenkins, the author of the fierce words quoted ahove. to the main British Kail Board. Simon, ai the time was editor of Londons leading evening paper The Evening Standard', and was appointed lo represenl the interests of London s travelling public. After nearly a decade on the Board. Simon formed the view that an independenl catalysi was needed lo activel) promote the preservation of railway architecture. He won the approval of the Board for a new Kailway Heritage Trust, and then proeeeded i<> niake two hrilliant appointmenis. Firsl he persuaded The Hon. William \k Alpine, now Sir William, to become chairman. Bill McAlpine is Britain's Numher One railway enthusiast, quite a feat in a nation of steam fanatics, and even has his own fullsize Standard gauge railway, with the steepesl incline in Britain, beside Iiis home in Berkshire. More than this. the family Company. Sir Rolx-rt McAlpine. were and are one of Britain s best know n Building contractors. Specialising in large engineerinjj woiks Their's was a name known and respected In every railwayman. Nexi, Simon secureil Lestie Soane, a former British Rail Chief Civil Fnginer who was just retiring as General Manager of the Scottish Region to serve as Executive Director. As a lifelong railwayman. Leslie knew all the questions to ask of his former colleagues, and whenever a prohihiiive figure was mentioned for the repair of any Station <>r viaduet. whithin a few minuies he would have exposed several reasons vvliy it might he a major overestimate. Simon w as the third director, and I was the Fourth. Bs this time mj Involvemeni with railway buildings had extended to becoming chairman ol .i trusi sei up i<> repair one ol the largest of all redundant railway buildings, Brunei s original terminus of 18-iO. at Temple Meads in Bristol, which was falling steadily into decay while used as a carpark. Bill McAlpine astutely resohed that the Board of the Trust should have no more than four directors so that decislons could he quickly taken. The Railway Heritage Trust, I should explain. is not a charitahle irust. but what is termed "a Company limited hy guarantee" a form of trust Company that does not distrihute profits. At the time, we were faced with what might seem an impossihle task, a huge legaey of fine and interesting huildingSj very many suffering from lack of the mos! Basic maintenance, The poinl was pui to me bluntly by a senior rail way official. "British Rail have three priorities. the track. the rolling stock and the stations in thai order. With all the Government financial cuts w e constantly face, you can'l expect us to spend any money prettying up Stations." Yel ii soon hecame evideni lo me that British Rail was caughi in a vicious dow nward special of dirt and dereliction. Vandalised Stations, w ith boaitled up W indows and peeling paini. were putting many people off using the railway altogether. Quite simply. appearances matter. Ver>' c]uickiy, we developed a simple pragmalic approach. I'he first thing w as lo make a start. Part of the prohlem was that expenditure on huildings was always being


The Red Army, strangely enough, managed to outlive the Soviet Union itself by a few months as the armed forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States. In May 1992, however, this fiction was abandoned when Russian President Boris Yeltsin decreed the establishment of the Russian armed forces. Unlike in 1917, when there were both continuities and discontinuities from the Imperial to the Soviet period, there was no question that the new Russian army was the direct descendent of the Soviet armed forces and the inheritor of most of its personnel, equipment, institutions, and culture. The Russian military under Yeltsin experienced a period perhaps even more politically tumultuous than the Gorbachev era. In October 1993 the armed forces were once again thrust into the role of political arbiter in the conflict between President Yeltsin and the Supreme Soviet. The Russian army also has been involved in its largest internal war since the civil war in the bloody conflict with Chechnya. These events have strained Russian civil–military relations, as have the continuing economic and social problems faced by the armed forces. The significant difficulties of the Russian state and its army brought about speculation about the possibility of military intervention in politics. In a 1997 poll, sixty-three percent of Russians said that "the threat of military dictatorship" was one of their concerns. Indeed, even Yeltsin himself remarked in his memoirs after retirement that in the early 1990s there was a "real threat of a military putsch."


A unique microfauna occurs in subsurface Cretaceous rocks of Woodbine age in the southeastern Gulf Coast region. The fauna of Foraminifera and Ostracoda is a mixture of forms of Comanche age, long ranging forms of Gulf age and species restricted to the Woodbine and its subsurface equivalents. Twenty-three species of Foraminifera, four of which are new, are described and twenty species are figured. The common lithofacies and the microfaunal biofacies of the Woodbine formation of Texas and its subsurface correlatives in other parts of the Gulf Coast are discussed and the known areal distribution of the fauna is given.


Concentrations of noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A) and dopamine (DA) in the tissues of shorn sheep exposed to moderately cold (4–13 °C) temperatures for over 8 wk were not different from those of sheep exposed to 21–24 °C. Tissue catecholamine levels in sheep were similar to those of other species and the rumen and proximal colon levels of dopamine were not as high as has been previously reported for other sections of the ruminant gastrointestinal tract. Only the leg skin NA turnover rate, determined by measuring the decline in tissue NA specific activity following 3H-NA injection, was greater in cold- than warm-acclimated sheep. Key words: Sheep, catecholamine, noradrenaline, turnover, cold, acclimation


The weight distribution of a poset space is determined by the distribution of ideals in the poset. In this paper, we prove the opposite relation: the distribution of ideals is completely determined by the weight distribution of a poset space.


Intergovernmental science and technology has become a mature research issue in the western counties after 20 years development.In China,the idea of intergovernmental science and technology with its relevant researches has also achieved its initial development,despite of lacking systematic research.This paper reviews the dynamic development of intergovernmental science and technology from the following three perspectives:the present status of science governance idea,intergovernmental research theme within science and technology cooperation,central-local science and technology cooperation.


With the growth of the Semantic Web as a medium for creating, consuming, mashing up and republishing data, our ability to trace any statement(s) back to their origin is becoming ever more important. Several approaches have now been proposed to associate statements with provenance, with multiple applications in data publication, attribution and argumentation. Here, we describe the ovopub, a modular model for data publication that enables encapsulation, aggregation, integrity checking, and selective-source query answering. We describe the ovopub RDF specification, key design patterns and their application in the publication and referral to data in the life sciences.


The need to network several mobile terminals to exchange high value information brings together a range of technologies. This paper describes a multi-band, multi-functional phased array antenna design that is well suited for networking of several phased antennas on an airborne platform to accomplish wide coverage and for reliable transfer of high value data among the users. The phased array antenna design operates from 8-40 GHz, without switching or reconfiguration. A number of phased array antenna networking options are described each of which provides an efficient approach in accomplishing a system implementation.


Hn»sis smbs&tied to the Facmlty of the 0radaato School of tho 8 B i v $ ! s i t y of M^ryXiTw^ in p6.rtj.el f\ilfilXaoent of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 19U8


LYMPHOSARCOMA of the tonsil is rare in the adult and very rare in the > child. Its cause is unknown. Five cases of its occurrence in children have been found reported in the literature. Cline1in 1911 reported a case of sarcoma of the tonsil in a 22-mo.-old child; the tumor was removed, but there was recurrence, the tumor enlarging rapidly in all directions and causing death two weeks later. In 1931, Chappell2reported the case of a 7-yr.-old child. He performed a tonsillectomy; three weeks later the mass had regrown. In spite of x-ray therapy, the mass extended in all directions, and the patient died five weeks after the tonsillectomy. Daufman3records a case of lymphosarcoma in a 5-yr.-old boy, but details are lacking. Lopez4reported a lymphosarcoma in a 3-yr.-old boy; the patient died rapidly in spite of two extirpations, x-ray therapy, and a


A high-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) was used to develop and validate a highly sensitive and rapid bioanalytical method for the analysis of piribedil in human plasma. The extraction of piribedil and the internal standard (IS) sildenafil from human plasma was done by precipitation technique with acetonitrile. The elution of the analyte and the IS was performed by a mixture of 0.01 M ammonium format (pH 3.5) and acetonitrile in ratio 60:40 ( v / v ) on a Zorbax Eclipse plus C18 (3.5 µm 100 x 4.6 mm) column. The mixture of mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min with a total run time of 3.3 min. Detection was done by API 5500 Q.Trap mass spectrometer in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode and positive electrospray ionization interface (ESI). The detection of piribedil in plasma was measured over a concentration range of 0.02 – 5.00 ng mL -1 and all items of validation were executed according to FDA and EMA guidelines. This method was well applied for the determination of piribedil in the plasma of ten healthy subjects after administration of 50 mg oral dose and pharmacokinetic parameters were measured.


As a young man, Dudjom Rinpoche received transmission from the famous revealer Zilnon Namkhai Dorje himself, and this included his revelatory cycles, as well as the direct introduction to the nature of mind, to which Dudjom Rinpoche attributed his ease in attaining spiritual accomplishment. The revealer had asked him to make a compilation of his Vajrakīlaya revelatory practice. It was only many years later, in the 1970s in Kalimpong, that the opportunity arose for this. This later work forms the subject matter of this chapter.


The paper focuses on development of linguoculturological competence in philology students. Linguoculturology is regarded as an interdisciplinary or 'interdiscipline' science with its focus on study of language through cultural and anthropological interpretation of linguistic facts. Linguoculturological competence is understood as a cultural values' body of knowledge acquired by a linguistic persona. The importance of conceptual approach for development of a value-based linguocultural identity in students is emphasized. The distinctive feature of the proposed approach is that it is based on the main trends in higher education, namely: expansion of language scope: not only an essential means of communication, but also a phenomenon of spiritual culture. The conceptual approach actualizes the notion of concept as a didactic unit of learning. Works of Russian researchers include a variety of definitions with regard to the following notions explaining a deeper layer of noosphere called concept: "notion", "genotype", "logoepistema", "linguocultureme", "sapientema", etc. Taking into account experience of operating with linguistic units reflecting ethnocultural values, we define a concept as a meaningful unit of consciousness functioning in a text, this unit being expressed in a language and having a stable network of associations relevant for bearers of the culture. Familiarization of a linguistic (cultural and linguistic) individual with spiritual values is done via a system of linguocultural concepts. Concept is regarded as interpreter of meaning, 'archiver of cultural meanings'. Interpretive analysis of concepts actualizes educational environment used to search for meaning. It is noted that cultural meanings represent the value content of culture. Accordingly, theory of cultural memory is actualized, which is effective in studying of the process of language conceptualization. A model of verbal and cogitative activity of students is presented, which includes a set of techniques allowing them to assimilate the meaning volume of the concept of patriotism taking into account contexts of different epochs. The conceptual approach integrates not only linguocultural knowledge, but also meaning-making, axiological components. Individual receives cultural experience, in which the aspect of meaning plays an important role. The paper defines criteria of linguoculturological competence of future professionals.


Supersonic flow fields around Two-Stage-To-Orbit (TSTO) models with different configurations have been experimentally examined in this paper. Four configurations for the orbiter have been considered: A) a hemisphere-cylinder, B) a hemisphere-cylinder with a flat bottom, C) an obliquely truncated circular cylinder, and D) a cone-cylinder. All the flow fields around these models showed complicated shock/shock and shock/boundary-layer interactions, which can be categorized into three patterns, depending on the extent to which the separation shock wave contributes to these interactions. The models B, C and D were proposed to suppress the pressure rise due to the interactions observed in the model A. As a result, the model B showed almost the same interactions as the model A, while in the model C they did not present. In the model D, a large pressure rise was seen in the case with no clearance, whereas the model undergoes the least aerodynamic interaction at a rather large clearance. It is concluded from these results that the model C is less affected by aerodynamic interactions due to the clearance than the other models.


PURPOSE: A block composition is provided to increase the strength of a block by producing ettringite by mixing bottom ash, phospho-gypsum, and blast furnace slag at an appropriate ratio. CONSTITUTION: A block composition manufacturing method comprises the following steps. (a) 3±1 wt% of an inorganic binder is mixed to 70±10 wt% of a bottom ash(thermoelectric power station coal), 20±5 wt% of phospho-gypsum, 5±3 wt% of blast furnace slag, and 2±1 wt% of pozzolan. Then, (b) a block product of a desired shape is molded and cured using the mixture. A manufacturing method of the inorganic binder comprises the following steps. Portland cement, blast furnace slag, calcium hydroxide, anhydrous gypsum, and CSA high early strength agent are respectively mixed at a ratio of 4±0.5 : 2±0.5 : 2±0.5 : 1±0.5 : 1±0.5. [Reference numerals] (AA) Bottom ash; (BB) Pozzolan; (CC) Cement; (DD) Phospho-gypsum; (EE) First mixer; (FF) Second mixer; (GG) Anhydrous gypsum; (HH,II) Blast furnace slag; (JJ) Slaked lime


A survey of the criteria of stability used in the power system transient stability problem is made. The status of progress in the use of these methods is given, and the areas of difficulty are outlined.


The impact of reduced cockpit crew on the cabin crew in commercial airlines is examined. One hundred cabin crew members participated in a study to determine what stressors are present in contemporary transport aircraft, the extent of differences in rating context-related and task-related stressors, and the effect of peak versus normal periods of duty time on stress factors. Results indicate that under peak period conditions, context-related factors are more stressful than task-related factors. Recommendations to alleviate cabin crew stress factors include training to maximize crew knowledge and abilities, elevate cabin crew to the same status as cockpit crew, improve the cabin crew certification program, and expose cabin crew to cockpit crew procedures to foster better communication and enhance safety.


This paper studied on the speed control strategy of travelling wave ultrasonic motor.The speed control model which can reflects the main nonlinear characteristics was obtained using system identification method based on step response.On the basis of this model,a pole assignment speed controller was designed.To avoid the influence of motor's nonlinearity on the speed control performance,the control parameters' on-line self-tuning strategy utilizing the gain of model was designed.The proposed control strategy was realized using a DSP circuit,and experiments prove the validity of the proposed strategy.


Magnetostrictive nanobars as sensor platform were induced. Based on the resonance behavior of strips made from thin films, it is identified that the amorphous Fe-B alloy is a good candidate for fabricating high performance sensor platform. The fabrication process of amorphous Fe-B nanobars using electrochemical deposition is reported. The magnetization hysteresis loop of Fe-B nanobars with the diameters of 50, 100 and 200 nm, respectively, was characterized. It is found that, for all nanobars, the coercive field measured along length direction is smaller than the coercive field measured perpendicular to length direction. The physics behind the phenomena is discussed.


objective The of this study includes surveying for two types of intestinal parasite that causes humans disease (Entamoebahistolytica and Giardia lamblia)which spread among Baghdad governorate people from AL-Karama hospital patients during the period from January 2002 till December 2005 using the method of direct test to 6239) stool sample. The average of the infection registered for both parasites is 14.71% and, most of them wasEntamoebahistolytica 12.71%. while Giardia lamblia was 2.55% and approximate the percentage of the male and female infection 14.84% and 14.57% respectively and higher percentage of infection was registered at 2003 24.35% and less percentage at 2004 70.77%.


Sinonasal lymphomas are uncommon malignancies. They are difficult to differentiate from carcinomas, and immune-histochemistry is needed to make the diagnosis. We describe an unusual case of a T cell lymphoma that involved only the paranasal sinuses in a middle-aged man. The patient presented with a complete loss of vision in one eye and lateral rectus muscle palsy, but no nasal symptoms.


The calculation of hangers is very comlicated for the calculation of arch bridge.It has direct efforts on the bridge shape.Simple and practicle calculation process and method are significative.Based on an example of the calculation of some bridge,the article introduces the calculation process of steel box handle-basket arch bridge's hangers length.Then the authors bring up some problems should be paid attention during the calculation process.Hope it's useful to the similar engineering calculation,and it can provide some references and experiences.


The article reflects the results of a study of the development of organic technologies for agricultural production in the Vinnytsia region. A statistical generalization of the indicators of the development of organic technologies in the region was carried out and conclusions on the relevance of this strategic technological direction for the region were drawn.
An assessment of the potential of Vinnytsia region for the introduction of technologies of organic farming and crop production in view of the national strategy of transition to alternative organic technologies are conducted.
The peculiarities of the soil cover of the region from the standpoint of certain areas for the cultivation of organic products are analyzed. The results of cartographic assessment of the suitability of the soil cover of the region for the introduction of a staged transition to organic farming systems and the possibility of such a transition in different years of technology introduction are presented.
The features of the soil cover of the region from the position of certain zones for the cultivation of organic products are analyzed. The basic regulatory criteria for assessing the suitability for classic organic production by the basic properties and groups of qualities defined by the orders of the Government of Ukraine are determined.
The average agrochemical properties of soils in the Vinnytsia region in terms of humus content, mobile forms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and acidity of the soil solution are grouped and determined. The indicators of the content of mobile forms of trace elements, heavy metals and pesticide residues are separately grouped within the districts of the region.
Based on a comparison of the normative values of soil parameters and the actual values of indicators within the regions, the integral coefficient of suitability of the soils of the region for the introduction of organic agricultural production technologies is determined. This made it possible to rank the districts of the region and identify favorable and unfavorable regions for the transition to organic technologies of agricultural production.
Key words: organic technologies, suitability, standards, agrochemical assessment of soils, organic products.


Abstract Opportunity youth, 16- to 24-year-olds who are neither in school nor working, are a population that is difficult to engage and retain in services. Population-level data and local data from coalitions play a critical role in helping human service organizations effectively plan, deliver and evaluate their programs. This case study of the Opportunities for Youth Coalition illustrates how a network of youth-serving organizations have been coordinating their service planning, delivery and evaluation since 2016 using annual data from both the American Community Survey (ACS) and local coalition as well as a collective impact approach. The authors propose strategies for administrators to replicate these data-driven, service-delivery approaches in other geographic areas.


This research aims to explore the causes and efforts in building a peaceful classroom climate. This research was conducted at Bandung City Elementary School X. The method used in this research is a single case type study (single instrumental case study). The data used in this study are based on interviews, observations and documentation. Participants in this study consisted of 5 teachers and 6 students. Determination of student participants based on observations confirmed by the homeroom teacher, students who were made participants were 4 male students and 2 female students consisting of 2 students behaving disturbingly, 2 students disinterested, and 2 students who obeyed. The results of the study stated that the behavior of one student could influence the classroom climate. The 4th grade climate felt peaceful when one student was absent. This raises a variety of other problems that cause the climate seems not peaceful, among others, disruptive behavior of students, noisy class, and breaking the rules. As for building a peaceful class climate, it can be done by setting clear rules. The rules are arranged based on the agreement of students and teachers giving rewards and punishment, are consistent and strict in applying the rules made, and fostering the character of mutual respect between class members. A peaceful classroom climate is built together, school residents can remind each other in the process of


This contribution expects to provide an outline of some theoretical approaches that are used nowadays in research on mathematics education for the integration of digital technology in teaching and learning.Will address the background and the core concepts of the four approaches presented: Instrumental Approach, Semiotic Mediation, Instrumental Orchestration and Humans-with-media.


Bus passenger transport is very important for sustainable urban mobility, and due to the characteristics of the street network, it is usually realized in the conditions of mixed traffic flow. Disturbances and sudden changes of traffic flow parameters occurring in the street network in a mixed traffic flow affect the disruptions in schedule and travel time of all vehicles in the traffic flow, including public transport (PT) vehicles. In order to keep to the planned schedule in the peak hours of PT lines carried out in the conditions of mixed traffic flow, the operators introduce new vehicles or reduce the vehicles' dwell time at terminuses, which is often impossible to do. The use of a larger number of public transport vehicles increases the fuel consumption, pollutants' emission, and the operating costs. In this paper, a network optimization model was developed for defining the influence of the change of traffic flow parameters in a mixed traffic flow on travel time of PT vehicles. The model takes into consideration uncertain time unevenness of the change of traffic flow parameters, which enables determining the optimization of travel time and defining the necessary number of public transport vehicles for the purpose of keeping to the planned schedule. In order to develop the transport model, counting and analysis of the characteristics of traffic flow at 61 intersections on the city territory were carried out. The model was tested on bus line number 4 of PT in Novi Sad. The model showed that it is possible to achieve certain savings regarding the number of vehicles with the unchanged headway, that is, the unchanged level of service which is offered to the users. With the application of the model in real traffic conditions, significant savings, as well as operating and external costs' reduction, can be achieved, which contributes to the sustainability of public bus transport in urban environments.


The core of our ReaderBench software framework exposes a unified vision for predicting and assessing comprehension in both individual and collaborative learning scenarios. ReaderBench aims to improve both the quality and the classification of the analyzed documents by using an expanded range of criteria such as: morphology, semantics, discourse analysis with emphasis on polyphony and dialogism, thus providing reliable support for both tutors and students across a range of educational settings. ReaderBench uses a unitary cohesion-based representation of discourse applied into three major directions, all tightly connected by the underlying model and the Natural Language Processing (NLP) computations: reading strategies, textual complexity, and collaboration evaluation in Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) conversations.


Four methods of determining 0.1-- 30% aluminum in beryllium and beryllium-- aluminum alloys were compared: gravimetric method with hydroxyquinoline; gravimetric method with hydroxyquinoline from aqueous acetone medium; complexometnic method by back titration with thorium; and photometrically with methylthymol blue. The most accurate method is the gravimetric hydroxyquinoline method, while the most rapid is the photometric method, which is applicable in the presence of many elements that give strong complexes with the complexone. (LK)


Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa Hayata) is a well-known traditional citrus fruit from Okinawa, with over 200 cultivars and varieties reported. The harvest season of Shiikuwasha is extensive, from August to February, and Shiikuwasha has a unique usage pattern. Unripe fruit, harvested in August and September, is used for cooking, while partially ripe fruit, available from October to December, is used for machining (mainly for juice). Ripe fruit with reduced acidity is available in January and February and is used unmodified. Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) are characteristic components of Shiikuwasha. Depending on harvest time and variety, alterations in juice quantities, citric acid concentrations, and PMFs were observed. Most applications of Shiikuwasha involve juice processing. Notably, the efficiency of Shiikuwasha juice production is only about 50%. Many useful components are contained in the peel, and remain in the residue. A comparison of extraction methods revealed that a multi-stage extraction recovered more useful components. According to marketing research, consumer demand exists for products of Shiikuwasha as a seasoning. Therefore, we are developing applications (especially as seasonings) for juice residue containing essential oils and PMFs. (Accepted May 7, 2012)


INTRODUCTION: In this study we aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of the expression level of KLF5 gene located frequently on amplified region of 13q21 in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: Thirty five patients with gastric adenocarcinomas were enrolled in this study and KLF5 mRNA were quantified by real-time qPCR both in normal and tumoral gastric tissue samples. RESULTS: Our results showed that KLF5 is significantly over-expressed in tumor tissues than normal gastric mucosa samples (P<0.01). Fold change of KLF5 expression in patients with different degree of lymph node metastasis were found to be different at a level of limited statistical significance (P=0.052).Patients with increased lymph node metastasis had KLF5 over-expression when compared to patients with lower lymph node metastasis. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our results may contribute to expand the role of KLF5 in gastric tumor development and progression.


A semiconductor memory device having at least one floating gate includes a semiconductor substrate; at least one device-isolation region buried in the semiconductor substrate, having a top surface protruding from a top surface of the semiconductor substrate, the top surface of the device-isolation region having a concave section that has a depression thereon; at least one gate-insulating film formed on the semiconductor substrate; a first gate formed on the gate-insulating film, the device-isolation region and the depression; a gate-to-gate insulating film formed on the first gate and in the concave section and the depression of the device-isolation region; and a second gate formed on the gate-to-gate insulation film, the depression being filled with the second gate. A method of producing a semiconductor memory device having floating gates, forms at least one device-isolation region and a gate-insulating film on a semiconductor substrate; forms a first gate material on the device-isolation region and the gate-insulating film; forms first gate electrodes by separating the first gate material into two gate materials, the separated materials being left on the device-isolation region; provides a concave section on the device-isolation region, the concave section being narrower than a distance between the separated first gate electrodes; provides a depression in the device-isolation region under the first gate electrodes and at edges of the concave section on the device-isolation region; forms a gate-to-gate insulating film on the concave section on the device-isolation region and the first gate electrodes, the depression in the device-isolation region being filled with the gate-to-gate insulating film; and forms a second gate electrode on the gate-to-gate insulation film.


Abstract Sustainability assessment is a very subjective and complex procedure. However, whether to cope with climate change, market pressures or new environmental policies, winegrowers are today looking for ways to improve and measure their performance. Nevertheless, there is still a great demand of more information and better evaluation methodologies as most of general assessment frameworks are environmentally focused, non-context-comprehensive or even unfit to evaluate permanent crops such as viticulture. To consider context-comprehensiveness is therefore seen as fundamental in research of this nature. Our objective is to explore nationwide perceptions of upper echelon individuals from the Portuguese wine industry regarding sustainability issues and better ways to assess it. By covering nine of the 14 wine regions in Portugal, the aim is to spot intercultural trends and get a wider picture of the sector´s sustainability awareness. A grounded theory approach was used for the complexity of the topic and for allowing to uncover potential perspective-paradoxes or trade-offs. After collecting data through in-depth interviews, an inductive qualitative-content analysis was applied using IRAMUTEQ software. Results displayed key criteria and insights grouped in four clusters from three distinct ramifications. Beyond the mention of critical factors about the sector´s environmental impacts from the production to packaging phase, distribution and transportation, concerns regarding intergenerational equity gap and non-equitable development opportunities for rural areas were also gathered. One ramification was based on the need to have access to proper sustainability assessment tools. From the urgency to develop a sustainability framework or even certification scheme for increasing consumer demands and export market pressures, to the importance to provide a practical toolkit with lifecycle guidelines, user-friendly and able to support decision-making, two clusters were created. This study reported findings can serve as a reference to wine managers and policy-makers pursuing sustainable development goals.


A local population of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Slovenian and adjacent waters (northern Adriatic Sea) was studied between 2002 and 2008. Boat-based surveys, land-based surveys and standard photo-identification procedures were carried out. A total of 120 sightings were recorded and 101 well-marked dolphins photo-identified. Resighting rates within and between years showed a relatively high rate of site fidelity for some individuals. The group size ranged from 1 to 43. Offspring were present in 53.3% of the groups. Annual mark-recapture density estimates of 0.069 dolphins/km 2 seem to be good baseline information for conservation management.


In September 2012, within the framework of a national project aimed at enlarging the peach variability in Spanish collections, a team from CITA went to Baspa Valley, in the state of Himachal Pradesh in India to prospect this species. As a result, 130 seeds from 13 different accessions of P. mira were collected, representing the wild variability of this species in this valley. Fruits, leaves and seeds were collected to make pictures and stones were removed from the fruits. Passport data, were recorded following the descriptors recommended by Bioversity International. The seeds will be germinated and the material will be used for genetic studies and pomological and molecular characterization. HIMACHAL


The essay is devoted to the specifics of the contemporary Russian opposition and civil society. We describe the characteristics of contemporary 'intellectual activism' and the growing network of small civil and political groups in today's Russia. We show that Russian civil society remains fragile and fragmented; the public discussion is not focused on strategies of resistance to arbitrariness but on constructing moral categories such as the wide and vague concept of 'new ethics'. We also show how outsiders appear among contemporary Russian dissidents, who are not supported by most independent leaders and intellectuals – these are young 'new leftists' and feminist activist groups. These political activists find themselves under pressure from both the siloviki and the authorities, and in the focus of criticism of opposition leaders, becoming, in fact, dissidents among dissidents in contemporary Russia.


Sports data can be a very good way to motivate students, in both statistics and math classes. Background to this usage will be discussed, along with some new ideas on how to employ this in the classroom.


Translation Policies in Legal and Institutional Settings documents the state of the art in research on translation policies in legal and institutional settings. Offering case studies of past and present translation policies from several parts of the world, it allows for a compelling comparison of attitudes towards translation in varying contexts. This edited volume highlights the virtues of integrating different types of expertise in the study of translation policy: theoretical and applied, historical and modern, legal, institutional, and political. It effectively illustrates how a multidisciplinary perspective furthers our understanding of translation policies and unveils their intrinsic link with topics such as multilingualism, linguistic justice, minority rights, and citizenship. In this way, each contribution sheds new light on the role of translation in the everyday interaction between governments and multilingual populations.


Equations have been derived for the case of free radicals recombining according to the second-order kinetics with or without diffusion control under the conditions that there are two simultaneous spatially separated recombination reactions but that only the overall free-radical concentration can be observed. The properties of these equations are discussed and methods for determining the three independent parameters in the first case and five in the second developed. The resulting equations have been applied to the interpretation of data obtained in studying the decay of allyl chain free radicals in irradiated extended chain crystalline polyethylene. (auth)


THIS communication describes our preliminary findings on 2 children who have what appears to be a hitherto undescribed inborn error of metabolism. Case Reports Case 1. M.M., a 3-year-old girl, was ...


The paper deals with eight new record of butterlies belonging to Yunnan province.Specimens are conserved in Department of Biochemistry, Dali Collerge.


To guide the college students' religious beliefs and adapt to the socialist society, the cultivation to correct understanding of relationship between religion and the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics of future talent, boost "adhere to the Orientation of Chinese religion" was deepened. This paper explores the inner relationship between the "harmony" thought of Traditional Chinese medicine and the focus of religious work in colleges and universities, aiming at the problems existing in the religious work in colleges and universities, the vital qi "harmony" evil, treatment of ideas "harmony", "harmony" applied to religious work of health preserving measures of improvement, proposed "often" "long" grasp "solid" and "fine" "reduced" new methods, such as "control" in promoting religious work efficient and at the same time promoting cultural heritage and development of traditional Chinese medicine.


Authors developed and implemented a new method of seismic data processing, Multifocusing (MF). MF is based on the theory of homeomorphic imaging and consists of stacking seismic data with arbitrary source-receiver distribution in the vicinity of the central point. The new formula of the moveout correction is determined. This correction is based on a local spherical approximation of the reflection wave front and the dynamic ray tracing. MF does not require any knowledge of the subsurface model and produces an accurate zero offset section, even in cases of a complex geological structure, low signal to noise ratio and low fold data. An estimated set of parameters, namely the emergence angle and radii of curvatures for two fundamental wavefronts that define the local moveout correction, contains important information regarding the subsurface model and can be used for deep analysis of geological media. MF application is illustrated by a case study of real data processing.


HCV has a high capacity for persistence and causes chronic hepatitis with an increased risk of development of liver cirrhosis. Immunological response of the body has the unique role, since it not only eliminates the virus, but also causes damage of liver cells. Immune status is first conditioned by genetic factors, so immunogenetic aspects determine the features of development and progression of viral hepatitis with transition to liver cirrhosis. The article deals with the analysis of association of CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen-4) gene 49A/G polymorphism with development of liver cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. SEVARA AZIMOVA1, KHAMID KARIMOV2, KODIRJON BOBOEV 2


PURPOSE: To provide a method for manufacturing a plasma display panel(PDP) having ribs or the like with high accuracy at a low cost. CONSTITUTION: In the method for manufacturing a PDP, a photosensitive paste composition layer formed on a supporting film is transferred to a substrate and exposed, then the supporting film is removed, and then the paste is calcined to form at least one of barrier walls, electrodes, resistive elements, dielectric elements, phosphors, color filters and a black matrix.


Abstract:This essay uses Ada Ferrer's book Freedom's Mirror: Cuba and Haiti in the Age of Revolution as a starting point for revisiting the intellectual project of comparative slavery within the Caribbean. Freedom's Mirror focuses on neighboring territories—Cuba and Hispaniola—during a time of revolutionary upheaval, when people of varying classes traveled regularly between the two islands, and when even those who did not travel mutually observed the progress of ideas and political and social alliances in multiple places. The author argues that the variety and intensity of the interactions explored in Freedom's Mirror points to the possibility that, even in more ordinary times, stakeholders in Caribbean slave societies paid substantial attention to political and social developments among their regional neighbors. New studies in Caribbean comparative slavery might well focus more on such themes of mutual observation and interconnection as experienced by slavery-era Caribbean populations, free and enslaved.


A group of 18 elderly nursing home residents, whose food intake was considered inadequate, was evaluated with respect to nutrient intake and selected biochemical measurements. Food eaten provided less than two-thirds of the recommended amounts of vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, and calcium for approximately 50% of the women. Intake of iron by one-third of the women was also less than adequate. Forty-four, 61 and 50% of the hemoglobin, serum protein and vitamin A values, respectively, were low or deficient. The amounts of thiamin and riboflavin excreted in urin were low in 31 and 88% of the women, respectively. The addition of a liquid dietary supplement to the diets of the elderly women improved food intake and biochemical measurements of selected nutrients in some cases. The percentage of low hemoglobin, serum protein and vitamin A values decreased 22, 50, and 17%, respectively. Urinary excretion of riboflavin and thiamin for each subject exceeded the acceptable levels at the close of the 30-day suppleme...


Recognition of acts of foreign States and Governments — Acts of dictator as Act of State — Alleged financial crimes of dictator as basis for extradition request — Whether extraditing State can examine acts to determine if they constitute alleged crimes — The law of the United States of America. 353Extradition — Political crimes — Whether alleged financial crimes of former dictator are Acts of State into which requested State cannot inquire or are political crimes — Effect of indictment on which request based containing political and non — political crimes — Whether financial crimes within Extradition Treaty between United States of America and Venezuela, 1922 — Degree of proof required for extradition — The law of the United States of America.


DSM can be divided into three types,which are network driven DSM,environmentally driven DSM,retail or wholesale market driven DSM,according to the characteristics of Australia's economic and social development,and then the applications are introduced. Based on the plan of NSW government greenhouse gas emission reduction standards and the national electricity market,two cases are used in the empirical study to prove the effectiveness. Finally the paper analyzes the impact of the power system from the research implementation. On this basis,investigation of DSM advances lessons from the Australian government projects and technology accumulations,and the enlightenment of how to construct the DSM system is summed up.


We use the time-dependent hypersperhical close-coupling method to study the double excitation of helium atoms by intense ultrashort XUV pulses. In addition to showing the photoelectron yield spectra, we demonstrate that free electron lasers can be used to efficiently create doubly excited electron wave packets, opening up the possibility of visualizing the correlated motion of electrons in atoms.


The authors propose that dialogue in face-to-face interaction is both audible and visible; language use in this setting includes visible acts of meaning such as facial displays and hand gestures. Several criteria distinguish these from other nonverbal acts: (a) They are sensitive to a sender-receiver relationship in that they are less likely to occur when an addressee will not see them, (b) they are analogically encoded symbols, (c) their meaning can be explicated or demonstrated in context, and (d) they are fully integrated with the accompanying words, although they may be redundant or nonredundant with these words. For these particular acts, the authors eschew the term nonverbal communication because it is a negative definition based solely on physical source. Instead, they propose an integrated message model in which the moment-by-moment audible and visible communicative acts are treated as a unified whole.


As bacteria are pathogens that often cause healthcare-associated infections, it is important to understand their characteristics, in order to carry out proper infection control activities. Differences in virulence and site of colonization cause differences in the distribution of major causative pathogens, and thus in the types of infection. Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are particularly important in healthcare-associated infections because they erode the efficacy of antibiotics and lead to treatment failure. To prevent the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria within healthcare facilities, infection control activities, including encouraging hand hygiene and application of contact precaution for infected patients are necessary.


This report describes a 2nd place solution of the detection challenge which is held within CVPR 2020 Retail-Vision workshop. Instead of going further considering previous results this work mainly aims to verify previously observed takeaways by re-experimenting. The reliability and reproducibility of the results are reached by incorporating a popular object detection toolbox - MMDetection. In this report, I firstly represent the results received for Faster-RCNN and RetinaNet models, which were taken for comparison in the original work. Then I describe the experiment results with more advanced models. The final section reviews two simple tricks for Faster-RCNN model that were used for my final submission: changing default anchor scale parameter and train-time image tiling. The source code is available at this https URL.


Seismic reservoir is a boundaryscience, which is based on seismic data, geology, logging, drilling, testing, oil extracting and analysis assay data, to study the change of reservoir lithology, appearance characteristics, space types, properties and fluid features in three-dimensional space and build reservoir model. Seismic reservoir is suitable for every stages of the hydrocarbon exploration and development. It is under the guidance of sedimentology, reservoir geology and seismology, and based on the organic combination of seismic data, geology and logging. Logging analysis, seismic reservoir prediction, reservoir fluid prediction, reservoir modeling and 3D visualization are the key technologies for seismic reservoir. The greatest advantage ofseismic reservoir is that it extends the reservoir parameters into3D space in the range ofseismic resolution and carries out reservoir modelingand 3Dvisualization.


Central bankers have devoted considerable efforts to monitoring and analyzing the various measures of money. In Chile, the definitions of monetary aggregates—barring a few minor changes—have been in place since the 1980s and range from M1 to M7, a departure from international practices and standards. This situation has prompted the Central Bank of Chile to regroup and redefine money aggregates, reducing them to three categories—from M1 to M3—together with extending the coverage of its instruments.


Mass media is considered the fourth pillar in the enforcement of democracy in a country. Freedom in the delivery of information is desirable, as well as the information which is very responsible responsible for the dissemination of such information. Since the presence of new media, in various forms, especially social media greatly impact on users. However, the use and dissemination of information through media that can be freely biased is not yet biased to provide a high trust and even hoax information. This paper was written to examine the use of mass media and social media among students of communication in obtaining various information. Most of the communication students are more confident in mass media in getting information because the information reviewed in mass media is more accurate. But in the use of social media is used to build a more intimate relationship, and make social medias like whatsapp as lecture discussion group, school alumni group, organization group, business building group and others. But the tendency of communication students today more information through social media than the mass media. And even more often they read the information through social media rather than the mass media that is already rare for them.


Most of us, including those medically trained, have a picture of the musculoskel etal system that resembles the superb medical charts that I use in my practice. Muscles are neatly compartmentalized...


Lycopene, the main pigment of tomato, is known to have protective effects on health. Its metabolites could also be involved in these effects. Potentially bioactive lycopene metabolites namely apo-10′-lycopenol, apo-10′-lycopenal, apo-14′-lycopenol, apo-14′-lycopenal, and apo-11-lycopenoids with alcohol, carboxylic acid, aldehyde and ethyl ester terminal groups were obtained by organic synthesis as (all-E) stereoisomers using HWE condensation reactions. The ability of (all-E)-lycopene and the synthesized apo-lycopenoids to inhibit lipid peroxidation was tested in a chemical model of postprandial oxidative stress in the gastric compartment. Oxidative stress was generated by metmyoglobin, the main form of dietary iron (from red meat), which is able to catalyse the peroxidation of linoleic acid under mildly acidic conditions. In this model, apo-6′-lycopenal and apo-8′-lycopenal were better inhibitors of lipid peroxidation than (all-E)-lycopene itself. For the apo-lycopenoids, a long unsaturated chain and a terminal carboxylic acid group both favour the antioxidant activity. The short-chain apo-lycopenoic acid, apo-14′-lycopenoic acid, was shown to behave like a hydrophilic antioxidant, i.e. by reducing hypervalent iron forms of metmyoglobin. Thus, besides the polyene chain length, the terminal group of the apo-lycopenoids is expected to deeply influence the lipophilic/hydrophilic balance of the molecule (and consequently its distribution between the aqueous and lipid phases) and its affinity for the heme cavity. It can thus be concluded that the polyene chain length and terminal group are two important parameters modulating the mechanism by which apo-lycopenoids express their antioxidant activity.


One would think there is nothing new to say about the First Amendment. The principal lines of doctrine are clear. Government may not suppress or regulate speech because it does not like its content-unless it is obscene or demonstrably defamatory. If government regulates the time, place or manner of speech, it must regulate in a way that does not take sides between competing ideas. And if a government regulation directed at other ends has the effect of restricting speech, that regulation too must be neutral.


Abstract Spin–lattice relaxation rates were measured by saturation recovery for bis(diethyldithiocarbamato)copper(II), Cu(dtc)2, dissolved in glassy 2:1 toluene:chloroform between 25 and 140 K and doped into Ni(dtc)2between 25 and 298 K. The temperature dependence is consistent with that expected for a two-phonon Raman process. For Cu(dtc)2in glassy solution and doped into Ni(dtc)2, 1/T1at 50 or 100 K is greater when the magnetic field is in the molecular plane than when it is perpendicular to the molecular plane, which is attributed to orientation dependence of intramolecular vibrations. The smaller orientation dependence of 1/T1for Cu(dtc)2doped into Zn(dtc)2than into Ni(dtc)2is attributed to the lower symmetry of the Cu(II) center in the Zn(dtc)2host. The phase-memory relaxation rate, 1/Tm, measured by electron spin echoes, exhibits a temperature dependence near 100 K that is characteristic of a dynamic process. This is attributed to rotation of the ligand methyl groups. The orientation dependence of 1/Tmat 50 K in glassy solution is that expected for low-amplitude molecular motion. Faster relaxation is observed for orientations at which the resonance field is more strongly dependent on small changes in molecular orientation.


The act of creating a business cannot be reduced to the offer of competence and given products at an appropriate time. It often implies particular kinds of people, because the path, filled with obstacles, always makes the course difficult. Even though these people may have a certain number of qualities in common, like willpower or a goal-oriented spirit, they differ greatly in their character and in the situations they are faced with. We were given the opportunity to meet Prof. Joseph Davidovits, and to discover the path that made him start as an organic-polymer chemist and become a mineral-polymer chemist. And this path is not dull. In 1970, a horrible fire burned down the French nightclub "Cinq/Sept."This was cruel proof that polyester-type decoration materials represent an unthinkable danger. At the time, Joseph Davidovits was in charge of a textile research laboratory in Saint Quentin, France. In his field, he was on several occasions confronted with the danger of flammable nylon stockings and overalls, which caused several severe accidents in the workplace. Given the situation, it was absolutely necessary to bring non-flammable materials to the market. Everyone in the chemical industry knew that this was possible by introducing phosphides into the chain. However, phosphides are toxic products that one cannot conceive of using, for it would be substituting one evil for another. In fires, the greatest danger is not the flame, but rather the release of toxic smoke. Joseph Davidovits decided to actively address this problem and start his own business in 1972.


Education is a key to the economic development of nations. This research investigates the effects of education on economic development using cross-national statistical analyses of developing nations. It focuses on the impacts on economic growth of differences in levels of education (primary, secondary and higher). The statistical analysis showed that length of schooling has a significant impact on economic growth. Several patterns of the relationship are observed in the analysis. Generally, while the regression coefficient of higher education is greater than those of lower levels of education, the statistical significance shows the opposite. 1. Rate of Return Analysis Rate of return analysis has been one of the most popular methods for the investigation of the contribution of education to economic development. In using this simple indicator to determine investment priority in development projects, policy makers have found several patterns. First, the social rate of return to education is lower than the private rate of return. Second, the rate of return is higher in developing countries than in developed countries. Third, the rate of return to investment in education is higher than the rate of return to investment in physical capital in developing countries. Fourth the social rate of return to primary education is higher than that to higher education across nations and regions all over the world (Psacharopoulos and Woodhall 1985, Psacharopoulos 1993). Although rate of return analysis is a useful method for comparing different individual investment choices, it has several problems in reliability, especially as a social measurement to determine public investment. First, the social rate of return analysis is based on the assumption that income represents an individual's contribution to economic development. However, how much an individual makes may not necessarily reflect how much he or she contributes to the economic development of his or her society. Also, educational attainment can contribute to economic development but not necessarily through formal workplaces. For example, although they are not paid, housewives participate in the economic development of their nation by raising children and creating healthy environments for family members. The social rate of return analysis ignores the effect of this kind of informal workforce, which promotes development and informal economic activity. Also, a high rate of return to higher education in the poorest countries, for example, does not necessarily mean a great contribution of university graduates to economic development. It may mean a large income gap exists between people without education and those with education. The second problem of the social rate of return is its assumption that people with education are paid more (and presumably work more efficiently) because of their education. In fact, many other factors influence income and just correlate with educational level. Family background is one of the most obvious f actors that affect both income and education. An individual with a higher education may be paid more just because his or her parents may be relatively richer and can arrange a better job for their child. Another factor is that those with a higher education possibly have higher self and external (societal) esteem, more motivation, and greater natural ability. Education may also function as a screening device of people. The content of education does not matter as much as the diploma because employers select applicants on the basis of how much education they have received. In other words, education may not contribute to economic development directly but may serve as a screening device of employees for the employers. This practice, called the "screening hypothesis" or "credentialism," tends to create excessive demand for higher education. Third, it is difficult to argue worldwide trends and theory of education and development based' on the averaged rate of return to education of the available studies. It is very risky to make conclusions, as Psacharopoulos (1993) did, from just the averaged rate of return of a limited number of available studies. For example, Psacharopoulos presented the averaged rates of return for each level of men's and women's education, based on a collection of several results of rate of return analyses. His averaged figure of the rate of return to women's primary education was calculated based on only five studies two of which were on Great Britain in the 19th century. It is highly risky to generalize a world trend of the rate of return to primary education based on those two studies or on the other three studies on Puerto Rico in 1959, Taiwan in 1982, and Indonesia in 1982. 2. Cross-National Cross-Sectional Studies The cross-national cross-sectional study method has been another popular device to identify the contribution of education. This study uses correlation and multiple regression to examine the effect of education (independent variable) on economic development (dependent variable). The first cross-national approach to education's effect on economic development was presented by Harbison and Myers (1964). They found a high correlation between several educational indicators, such as enrollment in each level of education and proportion of students in science and non science fields, and GNP per capita of about 80 countries. Using the same tests, with the nations divided according to income level, they found that lower levels of education are more important in less developed countries, while higher levels of education and science education are more important m more developed countries. However, their use of GNP per capita as an indicator of economic development is problematic, because it represents level of development but not progress in the economic situation or economic growth. Lee and Psacharopoulos (1979) included, in their correlation analysis, the average annual growth rate of the GNP, as well as per capita income, as economic performance indicators. They found that the correlations of educational enrollment and economic performance are very weak in advanced countries. Two indicators in particular -enrollment in vocational schools and the number of doctorates per 1,000 population -show very low correlation with national economic performance. On the other hand, two other indicators, enrollment in primary education and the literacy rate, are highly correlated with economic performance. Meyer, Hannan, Rubinson, and Thomas (1979) used the multiple regression method to identify the effect of educational enrollment in 1950 on economic growth from 1950 to 1970. First, they found that enrollment in primary and secondary education has a significant positive impact on economic development, while enrollment in higher education has a non-significant negative impact. Second, the impact of secondary education is stronger than that of primary education. Third, after the countries are divided into richer and poorer groups, the two tendencies can still be observed in both groups. McMathon (1987) was the first to relate educational investment (educational expenditure and income forgone) with economic growth. In his multiple regression analysis of 30 African countries, he found that investment in primary and secondary education (taken together) had a large positive impact on economic development, while investment in higher education had a negative impact. Benavot (1989) found that primary education enrollment has a more significant impact on economic development than does secondary education enrollment and that higher education enrollment has a significantly negative impact. His main contribution was his analysis on the gender differences in educational enrollment on economic development, which had not been investigated before his work. He found that educational expansion among school-age girls at the primary level has a stronger effect on economic development than that among boys. Baumol, Blackmann, and Wolff (1989), using the regression method, found that all levels of education have a positive impact on economic growth in the five periods they investigated. They also found that "higher education does not confer as much benefit via its contribution to the catch-up process as does secondary education." Although they did not use any control variables or investigate different levels of development, the main virtue of their study is that they did not put the enrollment of the three levels in one equation, which many other multiple regression studies did. This is a better model to prevent the multicollinearity problem. Surely, the enrollment rates of the three levels are highly correlated with each other, and biased estimates are likely to result if they are put together in one equation. For example, Barro (1991) neglected the multicollinearity problem in his analysis. He put the educational enrollment of primary and secondary education in one model and also, in some equations, put educational enrollment in 1950 and 1960 together (they are surely highly correlated) in order to analyze the relationship between the growth rate of real per capita GDP from 1960 to 1985 and initial human capital of 98 countries. However, the virtue of his analysis is his introduction of control variables. For instance, he included an indicator of political instability, which has a significant impact on economic development. He found not only a positive impact of education on economic growth but also its positive relationship with the investment rate and negative relationship with the fertility rate. The World Bank's publication "East Asian Miracle" (1993) suggested that one of the reasons for the successful economic development in that region is the high huma n capital formation and that the quantity of basic education is considerably higher in those economies then in other economies with a similar income level. With the cross-national regression analysis, the bank


Two short syntheses of benzyl C-glycosides are developed employing oxa-Michael cyclizations of precursors (IIIa,b) or gold-catalyzed cyclization of alkyne (X) as the key step.


In this paper a new configuration of flying capacitor based multicell converter with a fewer number of power electronic switches has been introduced. Using the proposed configuration of Stacked Multicell converter, the number of output voltage levels and the RMS are doubled and the output voltage frequency spectrum has been improved. Also, the number and rating of components and the converter losses are decreased in comparison with conventional flying capacitor based converters. Furthermore, proposing a matrix configuration in this converter, the total stored energy of flying capacitors can be minimized. This configuration is based on Stacked Multicell converter and achieved by removing the switches generating negative half cycle of output waveform, which decreases the number of high frequency switches to half, and adding only two low-frequency switches to a matrix based structure of Stacked Multicell converter. A modified Phase Shifted Pulse Width Modulation control scheme has been applied to the proposed topology in order to maintain the natural balancing capability of flying capacitors. The simulation results obtained from PSCAD/EMTDC software confirm the validation of this proposed configuration advantages and its control method.


In the theoretical part is mentioned histological structure of meat, chemical composition, details are treated in the chapter on post-mortem changes in meat, including the abnormal course.There are also defects in meat and meat diseases and ways to ensure the meat durability. The practical part is devoted to compare the three slaughter plants - Makovec a.s., JACOM spol. s.r.o. and Frantiska Kozakova small slaughterhouses in Naměst na Hane. It is compared to their size, technology and capacity of cooling and freezing plants. Particular attention is paid to the occurrence of abnormal changes in meat during aging, especially PSE meat and puts them into context with a housing of animals, the stunning manner and time of ripening of meat.


In this work, an operator superquadratic function (in operator sense) for positive Hilbert space operators is defined. Several examples with some important properties together with some observations which are related to the operator convexity are pointed out. Equivalent statements of a non-commutative version of Jensen's inequality for operator superquadratic function are established. A generalization of the main result to any positive unital linear map is also provided.


Recently, the number of unusual extreme weather that causes natural disasters is increasing, and accompanying phenomena such as local heavy rainstorms, tornado, and gust fronts have caused an immediate and often devastating impact on a broad range of human activities. Weather radar has played an important role to survey those meteorological phenomena associated with rainfall and to mitigate most of the damage and loss of life for a long time. The advent of electrical and signal processing technologies has helped for rapid development and improvement of the modern weather radar and provides us opportunities to choose appropriate weather radars based on functions that we need. In this paper, we introduce new type of weather radars; Solid-State Weather Radars (SSWR), Phased-Array Weather Radar (PAWR) and Dual-Polarization Phased-Array Weather Radar (DP-PAWR), along with history and features of the weather radars.


10 women were sterilized via a laparoscope under local anesthesia (paracervical block and periumbilical infiltration anesthesia). Sterilization was carried out with simultaneous video monitoring. 1 patient in whom termination of pregnancy was performed at the same time at the end of the 1st trimester experienced discomfort. The remaining 9 were extremely satisfied with the procedure. Laparoscopic sterilization of women with local anesthesia is a rapid safe and pleasant procedure for the patients. (authors modified) (summaries in ENG DAN)


The aim of the study was to investigate the bioecology of the common snook Centropomus undecimalis captured in the so-called Salina Lagoon, at the mangrove coast of Para State, to determine its populational biology in conjunction to environmental conditions and variations. Samples and measurements were carried out monthly along one year using a gillnet and analyzed in terms of populational structure, including length/weight measurements and their relationships, recruitment period, condition factor and gonadal stage. Environmental parameters, especially water quality, were monitored and correlated with biological data. A total of 344 specimens were captured and their length ranged from 3.4 to 29.6 cm, within a weight range from 0.4 to 209.31 g. Histological analysis revealed that the captured specimens were immature males. The species presented a negative allometric growth, based on weight-length relationship (WT = 0.00088 LT2.94). The time distribution showed that the common snook is on recruitment during March, May, September/2007 and January/2008. The relative condition factor values indicate that in general the specimens presented good nutritional condition, with exception of October. Among the analyzed environmental aspects, only salinity, pH and conductivity presented substantial seasonal variations as well as extreme values. However, common snook presented a good development, proving its ecological plasticity. Furthermore, the results show that Salina Lagoon is an important ecosystem to the species life-history and works as nursery area.


Deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is a surgical procedure using tissue harvested from the abdominal area to reconstruct the breast after a mastectomy. Primary surgical phases include the abdominal flap harvest, chest dissection, and anastomosis. In this study, inertial measurement units (IMUs) were used to measure surgeon upper body postures while performing DIEP flap procedures. Ergonomic risks of musculoskeletal disorders were evaluated using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) based on the postures obtained from the IMUs. Joint angles were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA. The neck and back had higher joint angles during the abdominal flap (M=32°, 17°, respectively) and chest dissection (M=31°, 18°, respectively) phases than the anastomosis phase. These high-risk postures may lead to musculoskeletal disorders. Future interventions should focus on improving the postures of the neck and back during the abdominal flap and chest dissection phases of the procedure.


The regularities of microstructure formation in binary TiNi alloys with a Ni content of 50.2 and 50.8 at.% under warm abc pressing and isothermal (723 K) multipass caliber rolling had been studied. Microstructure composed of submicrocrystalline grains and subgrains was found after final abc pressing at 723 K with a total true strain e = 8.44. Three stages of grain structure evolution were revealed in the TiNi alloy with 50.8 at.% Ni subjected to warm rolling. At the first stage with low strains, the average grain size 〈d〉 increased due to collective dynamic recrystallization. The average grain size 〈d〉 decreased steeply due to discontinuous and continuous dynamic recrystallization at the second and third rolling stage. Microstructure composed of micro- and submicrocrystalline grains was observed after rolling with e = 2.0. The sequences and temperatures of martensite transformations from a cubic B2 phase to rhombohedral R and monoclinic B19′ martensite phases were studied in depend on the strain accumulat...


Learning "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions among the People" Mao Zedong's thoughts on development contain a wealth of scientific concept of development thinking,scientific development of Mao Zedong Thought Mao Zedong Thought is an important part.In his "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People,"a paper Scientific concept of development that the first prerequisite,core,basic requirements and fundamental methods in varying degrees of expression,These are the scientific concept of development provides an important theoretical source.


The C-terminal segment of the loop between transmembrane helices 2 and 3 (AL region) of the plasma membrane Ca pump (PMCA) is not conserved in other P-ATPases. Part of this region, just upstream from the third transmembrane domain, has been associated with activation of the PMCA by acidic lipids. cDNAs coding for mutants of the Ca pump isoform h4xb with deletions in the AL region were constructed, and the proteins were successfully expressed in either COS or Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mutants with deletions in the segment 296–349 had full Ca transport activity, but deletions involving the segment of amino acids 350–356 were inactive suggesting that these residues are required for a functional PMCA. In the absence of calmodulin the Vmax of mutant d296–349 was similar to that of the recombinant wild type pump, but its K0.5 for Ca 2


The chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity of pyrilamine maleate were evaluated in B6C3F1 mice by feeding for up to 2 years to groups of 60 male or female mice at dietary levels of 0,150, 750, or 1,500 ppm (as the free base). Up to 12 mice per sex and dose group were killed after 65 weeks for clinical chemistry, hematology, and histopathologic evaluation of control and high-dose animals. Histopathology was performed on all animals that were dead or moribund or lived until the study was terminated at 2 years. Daily exposures to pyrilamine ranged from ∼16 to 176 mg/kg, compared with maximum human exposure of 3 mg/kg. Regarding longevity, pyrilamine-treated male mice tended to survive longer than controls, whereas no differences among treated and control female mice were noted. Body weights did not differ among treated and control male groups, but final body weight average of treated female mice was 6–10% lower than that for controls. Although no dose-response trends were noted in male mice for histopathologic end points, liver /body and liver/ brain weight ratios were significantly greater in high-dose male mice than in controls. Chronic liver inflammation exhibited a positive dose-response trend in female mice, but there was no evidence for a carcinogenic response to pyrilamine by either sex.


The constant growth of the world's population has generated various changes in the use of the diversity of the resources provided to us by the planet. Considering that by properly managing energy in air conditioning systems correctly, it collaborates in the fight against climate change, reducing the excessive use of fossil fuels and, therefore, the emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, creating an environment of comfort in industrial sectors, businesses, companies, homes, among others. The objective of this research is to validate the instrument considering the information obtained about smart devices applied in air conditioning systems and their improvement in energy efficiency. The methodology applied consisted of a field study conducted through an online survey that was directed at 226 students and professionals from three provinces of the Republic of Ecuador. To validate the data obtained in the instrument, the exploratory factor analysis was performed also of the principal components in the last phase it was obtained in factor transformation matrix (0.986), which demonstrates the validity of the study. To apply the KMO test and Bartlett's sphericity, the following ranges (≥0.6) y (<0.05) were considered respectively.


Deng Xiaoping's open-door economic policy provides an opportunity for international economic cooperation and development. Our study attempts to investigate how conflicts between Chinese workers and foreign investors as manifested in human resources management arise, evolve and get resolved in Sino–foreign joint ventures. It hypothesizes that conflicts as such can be functional or dysfunctional and that both partners believe that it is in their best interest to resolve the conflicts. The conflict resolution process witnesses all parties engaging in a process of purposeful learning and unlearning and creating a new sinified corporate culture that best suits the evolving business culture and social milieu in China today – as China experiments with the idea of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. The guiding conceptual framework of our study is that of convergence theory. We argue that the socio-economic and cultural convergence between China and the West has produced a common hybrid of cross-cultural innovations in China or, in a global perspective, 'alternative cultural globalization'. This hybridizing convergence is best exemplified by the gradual localization and sinification of the Western corporate culture in Sino–foreign enterprises in China today.


Malnutrition is common in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRO) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality (1). Nutritional status, however, is a broad concept that includes visceral protein, muscle mass, and immune capability. This explains why the most sophisticated methods of nutritional assessment show no better correlation with patient outcome than subjective global assessment (2). Amongst the various bodily constituents, skeletal muscle protein, often represented by lean body mass, is of particular concern in the context of patient morbidity and rehabilitation. In ESRO patients tean muscle mass declines progressively (13), indicating on-going catabolism of muscle protein. Although adequate dialysis is usually regarded as necessary for satisfactory nutrition status, adequacy per se is neither sufficient nor even essential. We had examined 117 CAPO patients with satisfactory protein catabolic rate (PCR) and clinical outcome, yet they had an average KtlV of 1.59 (4). It is also a general impression that starting dialysis in many patients does not improve their nutritional status (5), except in the severely uremic. More importantly, patients with ESRO may still have wasting and malnutrition despite apparent adequate dialysis (6). One of the major contributing factors to this continuing malnutrition has now been shown to be systemic acidosis.


During the course of studies of the epidemiology of jungle yellow fever in Eastern Colombia large numbers of wild caught mosquitoes were inoculated in white mice with the object of attempting to recover virus. Virus of yellow fever was recovered several times, as described in a paper by Bugher er al.1 Viruses that proved to be immunologically distinct from yellow fever, but that caused similar encephalitic symptoms in mice, were also recovered on 3 occasions. Two of these were iso-


• APRIL 2002 • VOLUME 20 • nature biotechnology Cloning and studying individual genes is not enough. The sequence of the entire genome is not enough. Large-scale expression measurements and protein assays are not enough. None of these sources of data will lead to a predictive understanding of the response of a living organism to a stimulus unless they are integrated into a dynamical framework that can faithfully simulate the molecular interactions underlying life. In this issue, Schoeberl et al. 1 apply computational modeling to a central signal transduction pathway, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor–activated MAP-kinase cascade, as we currently understand it. Until recently, quantitative approaches in biology have been impractical for two major reasons: descriptions of regulatory networks have been incomplete and empirical parameters have been unreliable or at least inappropriate for in vivo function. The relevant issue is whether simple Boolean logic can answer all the questions in biology. Indeed, the past couple of years have seen the publication of several studies showing that quantitative approaches may in fact provide clear advantages over descriptive approaches in prediction, generation of testable hypotheses, or gaining of a deeper understanding of biological systems. Von Dassow et al. 2 , for example, showed that in Drosophila differentiation it is the organization of the regulatory network , not the exact values of the kinetic parameters involved, that ensures stability. This is as good as it gets in providing predictions and deeper understanding. Using data from the literature, Schoeberl et al. have carefully recreated the entire EGF regulatory network, all the way from the EGF receptor down to the extracellular signal–regulated kinase-1/2 (Erk-1/2). Their efforts involved defining a network of close to 100 ordinary differential equations and priming it with a similar number of parameters. Missing reaction rates had to be estimated. This was done by a frequently employed strategy that uses the already determined part of the network and empirical time series data of measurable parameters, such as the concentration of a given protein. Finding the rate constants giving the best fit to the empirical time series measurements provides a range of possible values for these unknown constants. The authors propose, as the main conclusion of their modeling, that it is the initial rate of change of receptor activation that determines the overall cellular response to EGF. Interested readers new to the field will be happy to learn that this is not …


Henri-Alexandre Junod is the epical ancestor of southern African ethnography and, via Radcliffe-Brown's use of it, his work has constituted a central referent of all theoretical debates in twentieth century anthropology. Junod also published a novel, Zidji (1910), to which he attributed considerable importance as an historical document. This novel, however, has passed completely outside the radar of all historians of anthropology. In this essay, the novel is studied in the light of the notion that, for Junod's generation of ethnographers, there was an essential contradictoriness of the present moment.


This is the second in a series of issues of American Behavioral Scientist (ABS) devoted to reevaluating the relationship between young citizens, the media, and political participation. The previous ABS issue (Volume 58, Issue 6) contained six survey research studies. This issue presents six additional studies employing other methodologies including a structural equation model focusing on youth political consumerism, four experimental studies ranging from the impact of debates to news format type and the impact of gender socialization, along with a case study suggesting how colleges and universities may encourage youth political and civic engagement. These two issues are intended to respond to advances in research presented in an issue devoted to the topic of youth political participation published in ABS in May of 2007. The first study, titled "Modeling Political Consumerism Among Young Consumers in the US: An Ecological Systems Approach," employs Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory of child development as an attempt to build an explanatory model of teens' socialization into political consumption behaviors. Structural equation modeling indicates that certain cultural factors (e.g., church attendance, parent education) influence micro-level systems within which children might acquire political consumer behaviors (including parent-child interaction, school activities related to politics, and online media use). The second study, titled "Civic Engagement through Presidential Debates: Young Citizens' Political Attitudes in the 2012 Election," explores the effects of televised presidential debate viewing on young citizens' candidate evaluations and normative democratic attitudes, including political cynicism and political information efficacy. Findings reveal that debate viewing decreases young citizens' political cynicism and strengthens political information efficacy. Longitudinal analysis tracked young citizens' democratic attitudes from predebate to postelection, finding that one's political information efficacy intensifies throughout the course of the ongoing campaign but


Recently, coded caching has been widely studied due to its ability of significantly reducing the amount of transmissions (i.e., rate) during peak-traffic time. While to achieve this rate, each file is divided into a number of packets, which is even exponentially increasing with users. In practice, we prefer to design a coded caching scheme to achieve smaller rate with lower packet number. In order to reduce the packet number, the well known grouping method has been proposed by Shanmugam et al. in [1] and generated by Cheng et al. in [2]. However, the rate of the scheme obtained by grouping method is very large since there is no multicasting gain generated between different user groups. Thus, many other schemes have been investigated from other perspective. In this paper, we will show that when some files are requested more than once, the scheme obtained by grouping method has a smaller rate and smaller packet numbers than that of some other improved schemes.


In judicial practice in the judicial system of the Republic of Kosovo, difficulties and uncertainties are densely presented, and consequently there are dilemmas about the interpretation and implementation of legal provisions of LOR that refer to judicial effects of the contractual interests, defining or prediction of late interests or the so called penalty interest, qualification and treatment of usurious interests by approaching them in a critical and creative way from the aspect of coherency and correlation as with the provisions of LOR so as with other corresponding provisions especially those of LEP. Of special interest is also the explanation from the aspect of the sustainable judicial practice perspective of cumulative decision making or contracting of contractual contracts and delays. Also the interpretation and implementation of lawfulness, righteousness and regularity of the constitution of mortgages is from the perspective of genuine judicial practice and consequently the imposition of absolute nullity clauses. The necessity of clarification and uncertainty of the provisions of article 198 and 199 of the LPRR-se is imposed, in relation to the assessment of the document as suitable for the execution in regards to the mortgage claim. Also the provisions of the article 24 of the LEP regarding the suitable document for execution are treated and explained from this point of view.