Abstract : The Advanced Computing Systems effort made provision for a wide range of research activities that could be conducted under the overall contract. The major tasks undertaken during the contract period included: ACS Acquisition: The overall objective of this effort was to perform research and acquire advanced prototype computing systems m support of the President's initiative in high performance computing (HPCC). ACS Performance Evaluation: The main objective of this effort was the use of a new methodology to evaluate the performance of parallel computers by generalizing techniques used for uniprocessor performance benchmarks. ResNets: The primary objectives in this task included integration of maturing technologies into DoD testbeds and advanced facilities and the design, implementation and support of DARPA's wide area research nodes. NetTech: The primary objective of this task was the integration of technologies developed in the DARPA Communicator and Spoken Language Systems programs into advanced environments and testbeds. Each of these tasks was successfully completed and over the lifetime of this effort a number of high performance and advanced computing systems were implemented, studied and transitioned.


Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are becoming a promising choice as a heterogeneous computing component for scientific computing when floating-point optimized architectures are added to the current FPGAs. The emerging high-level synthesis tools such as the Intel OpenCL SDK for FPGA highlight a streamlined design flow to facilitate the use of FPGAs in scientific computing. Investigating the characteristics of supercomputing applications, such as nuclear reactor simulation, with the emerging HLS development flow is important for researchers to evaluate and adopt FPGA-based heterogeneous programming models in research facilities and laboratories. In this paper, we evaluate the OpenCL-based FPGA design of a nuclear reactor simulation application RSBench. We describe the OpenCL implementations and optimization methods on an Intel Arria10-based FPGA platform. Compared with the naïve OpenCL kernel, the optimizations of the kernel increase the performance by a factor of 295 on the FPGA. Compared with an Intel Xeon 16-core CPU and an Nvidia K80 GPU, the performance per watt on the FPGA is 3.59 X better than the CPU and 5.8X lower than the GPU.


Background: One of the most distressing side effects of general anaesthesia is postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Recovery room and hospital stay and overall health care costs can be increased by PONV. Reduced frequency of PONV is still significant even after the introduction of shorter surgical procedures, shorter acting anesthesias and newer anti-emetic medicines; many anti-emetic treatments are expensive and do not totally eliminate PONV with some adverse effects; yet. As a precaution against regurgitation and aspiration of stomach contents, pre-operative fasting reduces stomach volume and acidity. The current standards in Europe, on the other hand, advocate the consumption of oral clear fluids up to two hours prior to the onset of general anaesthetic induction. In order to limit the danger of regurgitation and aspiration, patients are advised to fast prior to general anaesthesia. Objective: Review of free oral consumption of clear fluids before the anaesthesia and their effects on nausea and vomiting beyond surgery. Methods: The databases were searched for articles published in English in 4 data bases [PubMed – Medline Google scholarscience direct] and Boolean operators (and, or, not) had been used such as [Preoperative Clear Fluid, Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting] and in peer-reviewed articles between 2001 and 2021. Conclusion: The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was lowered when patients drank freely clear fluids prior to the scheduled induction of day case anaesthesia.


Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder characterized by the occurrence of behavior patterns that display abnormal levels of attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. Parents and teachers commonly associate attention deficits with underachievement in children with ADHD. The purposes of this study were (a) to provide an assessment method to investigate attention in children with ADHD, (b) to evaluate the impact of an observing response to focus attention on relevant stimuli on the accuracy and rate of responding to mathematics facts, and (c) to examine the role of delay aversion on responding. Participants were repeatedly exposed to four conditions. During Observing conditions, discriminative responding to a relevant (Relevant Observing) or irrelevant (Irrelevant Observing) stimulus was required before solution of the mathematics problem. During control conditions, responses to the mathematics facts could occur immediately after problem presentation (No Wait) or after a short delay (Wait). The results indicate, first, that rates of correct responding on mathematics facts increased for all participants across sessions in all conditions. Second, the observing response requirement to enhance control by the relevant stimulus did not produce consistent differences in rate and accuracy when compared to the other conditions. Finally, Wait and No Wait conditions did not produce consistent differences in responding for children with or without ADHD, suggesting that delay aversion did not ii affect performance. Likely explanations for these results are discussed along with implications for the design of future interventions for children with ADHD.


A method for evaluating image segmentation methods is proposed in this paper. The method is based on a perception model where the drawing act is used to represent visual mental percepts. Each segmented image is represented by a minimal set of features and the segmentation method is tested against a set of sketches that represent a subset of the original image database, using the Mahalanobis distance function. The covariance matrix is set using a collection of sketches drawn by different users. The different drawings are demonstrated to be consistent across users. This evaluation method can be used to solve the problem of parameter selection in image segmentation, as well as to show the goodness or limitations of the different segmentation algorithms. Different well-known color segmentation algorithms are analyzed with the proposed method and the nature of each one is discussed. This evaluation method is also compared with heuristic functions that serve for the same purpose, showing the importance of using users' pictorial knowledge.


How are neurons with different modality preferences spatially distributed in multisensory cortical regions? Although spatial patterns of neurons have been well documented in the primary cortices (e.g., tonotopic maps in the auditory cortex, columnar structures in the visual cortex), data are lacking


This study investigated the effect of activated charcoal (AC) and 4amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (picloram) on callus induction and occurrence of mitotic aberrations in coffee cells. Explants from the first pair of expanded leaves (1 leaves) of Coffea arabica "Catimor CIFC 7963" were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) + 5 μM 6-benzlyaminopurine (BA). The treatments included the following rates of AC application: 0.008%, 0.08%, 0.1%, and 1% (w/v). We also evaluated the effects of growth in MS medium supplemented with 1 μM 2,4-D + 5 μM BA + 10 mM picloram vs. 10 mM picloram as the sole plant growth regulator. The results showed that cells of the 1 leaves on MS medium + 1 μM 2,4-D + 5 μM BA + 0.008% AC were induced to callus (46.88% callus induction). In addition, callus induction (90.63% and 59.38%) was observed in the leaves cultured on MS medium + 1 μM 2,4-D + 5 μM BA + 10 mM picloram and on MS medium+10 mM picloram, respectively. However, the 4-month-old friable calli developed on MS medium containing picloram showed mitotic aberrations. Some of these included binucleated cells, a micronucleus in binucleated cells, and vagrant chromosome cells. These results highlight that both 0.008% AC and 10 mM picloram were able to induce the development of 4-month-old friable callus in a high proportion of C. arabica "Catimor CIFC 7963" cells, but while the former produced no mitotic aberrations, the latter induced mitotic aberrations in cells.


Introduction: Dermatophytosis are a superficial zymosis, observed as ringworm, spread easily by direct contact from infected humans or through fomites are common and located world-wide with higher prevalence in tropical countries. Tinea cruris include infection of the (Groin area) genital, pubic, and perianal area, more common in men (due to scrotum) than in women. Complain of burning and pruritus frequently seen in patients with this infection. Objective: To isolate the dermatophytes responsible for causing tinea cruris in inpatients and outpatients attending IIMS&R. Also study the demographic profile of patients with Tinea Cruris at IIMS & R Lucknow. Methods:-Skin scraping was mounted in fresh 10% KOH and observed under 40x for fungal elements. All samples were cultured in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar with cycloheximide and chloramphenicol, incubated at both 25C and 37C for 21 days. Isolated fungus were mounted with LPCB and observed under high power; the isolates that the morphology won't clear in LPCB, subjected to slide culture technique. Results: A total of 86 cases of clinically diagnosed Tinea cruris (74M & 12 F) were included during this study, 63 were found KOH Positive and 34 were found culture positive.Out of 34culture positive patients, 24 were having dermatophytosis (20M & 4F), 10 were non-dermatophytic molds. The most number of patients of dermatophytosis affected between 15-34 years (58.3%), followed by age group 3555 years (33.3%), and rest in 1-14 year (8.2%). Conclusion: Previously T. rubrum was the foremost prevalent organism whereas, during this current epidemic, T. mentagrophyte is isolated because the most typical species. This could be a possible reason for recurrent and recalcitrant dermatophytosis. Study data shows that age group 15-34yr is most vulnerable for Dermatophyte infection.


The British Heart Foundation is this year highlighting the importance of coronary artery disease in women. In the musical My Fair Lady Higgins laments: 'Why can't a woman be more like a man?' The trouble is, she has become like a man where coronary disease is concerned. Over the years we have been emphasising the protection women obtain from their hormones but of late puzzling over their lack of cardiac benefit from hormone replacement therapy. Perhaps we have all along been asking the wrong question should we have been asking why men are bad rather than why women are good? We might then have expected the increase in disease in women as they adopt the bad practices of the male. In turn, our threshold for diagnosing coronary disease in women would be lowered to a more realistic level. Women are vulnerable to the same risk factors as men but more so regarding cigarette smoking and diabetes. In the UK about 26% of British women smoke and 9000 women die each year from coronary disease brought about as a result of cigarette smoking. Passive smoking increases the coronary risk also, so choosing a smokefree environment is desirable if at all possible. In women under 55, many of whom may be premenopausal, smoking leads to a sevenfold increase in relative risk of developing coronary disease. In premenopausal women the risk is dose dependent and multiplies with other risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes. Myocardial infarction in oral contraceptive users is exceptionally rare in the absence of cigarette smoking. Of great concern is the fatalistic trend for young women to smoke as part of an image they wish to project to their friends and also as a means of avoiding gaining weight. As increasing numbers of young women of all ethnic groups smoke cigarettes, the epidemic of coronary disease in women comes closer and closer. We are already seeing women in their thirties with significant coronary lesions. At the other end of the age scale, women live longer than men, and as we are an ageing population we will be managing more women than men with coronary disease. As women live longer, many will be widowed and live alone, which will present problems in urban environments where fear of being out alone may restrict attendance at rehabilitation classes or limit simple exercise such as walking in the park. The challenge of managing coronary disease in women extends beyond healthcare professionals to those responsible for maintaining the security of our environment. Treating coronary disease in women demands the same aggressive approach to reducing risk as that offered to men the benefits are the same. Thus there is a need to attend to lifestyle advice (weight, exercise, smoking cessation) as well as risk control of associated disease states (diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia). Women do not attend rehabilitation programmes as often as men and often default after one or two classes. Some reasons will be environmental (afraid to go alone in the dusk or darkness to the hospital) and some will reflect a perceived inappropriateness of the programme, which women may see as more tailored to men, especially the exercise component in the gym. Criticisms of inequality of care must take into account social and environmental issues as well as resource issues regarding tailoring programmes to the varying needs of women of different ethnic groups. Inequality of care does not equate to bias. The assumption that a difference in access to any form of therapy is the same as denying best available care is too simplistic. Different approaches may reflect good clinical judgment evidence based medicine can only be valid if linked to clinical acumen and individualised care. Overall, women benefit from medical therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary surgery just as much as men and there should be no differences in the options offered. However, if age influences treatment (ageism) because women live longer, there will follow gender bias (sexism). The reality is that therapy is dictated by resources, and the elderly and hence women will suffer resourcism rather than a specific age or gender bias. The British Heart Foundation has provided a booklet for women entitled Women and Heart Disease. Education is needed to dispel the myth that coronary disease is a man's disease. Doctors and nurses need to be aware that women are frequently presenting with coronary syndromes which may not be textbook in character. Women need to be aware of the symptoms and signs of coronary disease and know what to do about them. Women are four times more likely to die of coronary disease than breast cancer and twice as likely to die as all forms of cancer. Coronary disease is a woman's greatest threat it is an equal opportunity killer and women need the equal opportunity to avoid or fight it. This will only be possible if initiatives such as those from the British Heart Foundation are acted upon at a medical level as well as among women themselves. From awareness will come fairness in prevention, detection, treatment and recovery.


Sandwich composites are widely used in various industries such as aeronautical, mechanical, automotive, marine and others. However, most of the existing sandwiches are not suitable and cost effective for applications in civil infrastructure. An innovative fibre composite sandwich panel made of glass fibre rein-forced polymer skins and a modified phenolic core material was developed for building and other structural applications. The behaviour of this new generation sandwich panel was studied to assist the technical persons and the construction crews in better understanding its properties for an efficient use in flooring applications under different loading conditions. If a fibre composite sandwich panel is placed not in the main fibre direction, an adverse effect on its performance may occur. This paper discusses an experimental investigation on this innovative sandwich for its one and two-way spanning floor applications under uniformly distributed loading. The experimental result showed that the stiffness of the sandwich is affected by the fibre orientation of the sandwich skins. Also, no major effect was observed for variation of fixity between slab and joist.


Geocomposite materials consisting of lightly cemented mixtures of expanded polystyrene beads (EPS) and backfill soils are commonly used as fillers and for the construction of light weight embankments. The constant normal stress (CNS) and constant volume (CV) direct shear parameters as well as the relationship between gradation properties of four residual granular backfill soils and direct shear parameters of lightly cemented mixture of EPS and backfill soils was evaluated. The maximum density and optimum moisture content of the backfill materials ranged from 1850 kg/m3 to 1730 kg/m3 and 9% to 13%, respectively. The addition of 1.5% of EPS per mass of dry soil resulted in maximum density and optimum moisture content of the blended specimens of backfills soils and EPS that varied from 1303 kg/m3 to 1368 kg/m3 and 7% to 9%. For the range of normal stress used, the CNS friction angles of the four light weight composites were greater than the CV friction angles due to changes in initial normal stress and pore water pressure. Results from series of CNS tests show that both the vertical strain induced by consolidation normal stress and the shear induced vertical displacement for consolidation normal stress of 200 kPa and 400 kPa were significantly greater than the magnitudes induced by normal stress of 50 kPa and 100 kPa, due to reduction in bond strength during consolidation. The relationship between friction coefficients of the composites derived from CNS and CV test data and the uniformity coefficient of the backfill soils was non linear and dependent on the ratio of the sand to the gravel fractions. A practical implication of the two mode of tests is that for a composite material to mobilized the same magnitude of CNS friction angle under constant volume condition, a change in soil particle constitution is required. Both CNS and CV shear parameters should be considered in the design of retaining wall and embankments exposed to poor drainage conditions.


This research is aimed to reveal the potential agrotourism tourism in Toraja Regencies on foreign tourists' perspective (Europe). The present study seeks to explain the aspect of foreign tourists on tourism, culture and traditions that have become typical tourism of Toraja, and their perspectives on the potential of agrotourism development as an alternative trip. This research was carried out using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The research data collection was performed through the interview, utilizing questionnaires distribution to foreign tourists visiting in Toraja. The respondents' selection was conducted randomly by meeting foreign tourists in tourist attractions and hotels where they stay. The results of the research demonstrate that foreign tourists' tour visit time in Toraja is four days. Two days are for the round trip, from the airport to Toraja, and vice versa), and a two-day tour in Toraja. On the second day of the tour, the travellers feel boredom for visiting the same tourist attractions: Toraja cemetery and traditional house (Tongkonan). Therefore, to develop Toraja traditional cultural tourism that has always been promoted by the regency government of Toraja Regency and Travel Agencies. Foreign tourists should be provided with a combination of variant tourism, i.e. agrotourism. Based on the foreign tourists' perspective to increase the attraction of tourists to Toraja tourism; the cultural and natural-based agrotourism is an alternative solution as variant tourism in the development of Toraja local tourism.


The health of an individual has been defined by the World Health Organisation as a state of complete physical, mental and social well being, and not merely absence of disease or infirmity. This comprehensive definition has made it necessary to define the health of a community in a broad perspective, and not merely in terms of the individual demographic indicators such as Birth Rate, Death Rate, Infant Mortality Rate, Life Expectancy at Birth, Mortality Rate by Causes, and so on. A community would be healthy if a large majority of the individuals constituting the community were healthy. The primary requirements for anyone to be healthy are availability of adequate food, shelter and clothing; but these necessities could be met only if there is a sufficient scope of income generation.


Place attachment is a hot topic in place study which is defined as an individual's cognitive or emotional connection.However,place attachment study is little related to event venues.The present studies treat events as an attribute of event host community(destination) to conduct research on the place attachment between people and the destinations,but little concerns about event venues themselves.As an inductive qualitative method,grounded theory is appropriate for situations where there is no pre-existing theory.This study considers that little theory existed related place attachment to event venues;and grounded theory is an appropriate methodological tool.Taking the International Horticultural Exposition,2011,Xi'an(Expo 2011 Xi'an China) and China Import and Export Fair Complex as cases,this paper collects first-hand data by observation and interviewing to analyse event-goers' behaviors,attitudes and emotions.Refining and concluding the dimensions of event place attachment based on grounded theory through three analytic procedures,i.e.,open coding,axial coding and selective coding,this study contracts a conceptual analytic model of place attachment in event venue which has four dimensions: person,society,place and event.Finally,the paper compares the differences of place attachment between Festival Special Event Venue(FSEV) and Convention Exhibition Complex(CEC) based on the four-dimension model.The results are shown as follows.Event-goers in FSEV regard themselves as "recreationists",and FSEV is characterized by "rooting venue" which is considered as a "recreation place",event-goers are inclined to show an emotional bonding with the event place;while event-goers in CEC regard themselves as "commuters",CEC is featured by "tooling venue" which is considered as a "consumption place" to event-goer,and functional bonding is more significant than emotional bonding for event-goers attached to the event venues.The difference of place attachment between FSEV and CEC is consistent with the difference of the nature of FSE as leisure/recreation events and CE as business/commercial events.


In silico screening predicted 1 (N‐(4‐((4‐(3‐(4‐(3‐methoxyphenyl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐1‐yl)propyl)piperazin‐1‐yl) sulfonyl)‐phenyl)acetamide) as an inhibitor of the S100A2‐p53 protein‐protein interaction. S100A2 is a validated pancreatic cancer drug target. In the MiaPaCa‐2 pancreatic cell line, 1 was a ∼50 μM growth inhibitor. Synthesis of five focused compound libraries and cytotoxicity screening revealed increased activity from the presence of electron withdrawing moieties on the sulfonamide aromatic ring, with the 3,5‐bis‐CF3 Library 3 analogues the most active, with GI50 values of 0.91 (3‐ClPh; 13 i; BxPC‐3, Pancreas) to 9.0 μM (4‐CH3; 13 d; PANC‐1, Pancreas). Activity was retained against an expanded pancreatic cancer cell line panel (MiaPaCa‐2, BxPC‐3, AsPC‐1, Capan‐2, PANC‐1 and HPAC) and the normal cell line MCF10A (breast). Bulky 4‐disposed substituents on the terminal phenyl ring enhanced broad spectrum activity with growth inhibition values spanning 1.1 to 3.1 μM (4‐C(CH3)3; 13 e; BxPC‐3 and AsPC‐1 (pancreas), respectively). Central alkyl spacer contraction from propyl to ethyl proved detrimental to activity with Library 4 and 5.5‐ to 10‐fold less cytotoxic than the propyl linked Library 2 and Library 3. The data herein was consistent with the predicted binding poses of the compounds evaluated. The highest levels of cytotoxicity were observed with those analogues best capable of adopting a near identical pose to the p53‐peptide in the S100A2‐p53 binding groove.


Objective: The present study aims at investigating the presence of depression or anxiety in patients suffering from migraine. Study design: A case-control study Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, UAE from April 2021 to April 2022 Methodology: A total of 400 participants were included in this study. The stratification of migraine was done based on the frequency of the attacks, the presence or absence of the aura, and some other significant variables. Clinical data, such as sleep characteristics, and demographic data were collected. The multivariable linear regression method was employed for the examination of the frequency of headache attacks and their association with the symptoms of anxiety and depression, as per the indication given by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Subscales (HADS) and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). Results: The score of BDI was highest in the patients with chronic migraine and it was 12.9±7.8. It was 11.8±8.1 in the patients with high-frequency migraine, 10.5±7.5 in the medium frequency, 9.2±7.2 in low frequency, and 6.4±5.5 in the non-migraine participants in the control group. The trend was significant (p<0.001). The results were similar for the HADS scores. HADS and BDI scores were related independently to chronic migraine frequency, high-frequency episodic, and poor quality of sleep. A relationship between the frequency of migraine and BDI was found in both aura-absent (p=0.029) and the aura-present group (p=0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant association between a higher frequency of headaches and depression/anxiety. This relationship is important in both types of migraine; ie with aura and without aura. Keywords: depression, anxiety, migraine, headache, frequency


(p. 26) and 'the Nonconformist parson' (p. 739). Sometimes he appears to understand the full difference between Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists, sometimes (e.g. the note of surprise on p. 348, n. 2) not; his general failure to distinguish between the varieties of methodism produced by the secessions and the moulding force of differing cultural and economic environments must diminish the value of his generalizations about it. On pp. 438-9 his picture of the priests' part in the Irish migration is in fiat contradiction to everything we know (admittedly, it is not yet much) about the state of the Roman Catholic church in the 1840's, and the Passionists' urgent campaign to bring the Irish back into their fold. Mayhew's evidence can be allowed no weight; every other source supports the picture drawn by T. Livius in his revealing little biography of one of the leading early Victorian exponents of hell-fire, Father Furniss and his Work for Children (1896), p. 42 : ' A vast multitude of the faithful, very poor and helpless, was thus thrown on the straitened resources of the Catholic Church in England and Scotland, where the priests were then \c. 1850] in scant number, and the chapels. . .small, few, and far between'.


We evaluate the performance of multipole, linear Paul traps for the purpose of studying cold ion–atom collisions. A combination of numerical simulations and analysis based on the virial theorem is used to draw conclusions on the differences that result, by considering the trapping details of several multipole trap types. Starting with an analysis of how a low energy collision takes place between a fully compensated, ultracold trapped ion and an stationary atom, we show that a higher order multipole trap is, in principle, advantageous in terms of collisional heating. The virial analysis of multipole traps then follows, along with the computation of trapped ion trajectories in the quadrupole, hexapole, octopole and do-decapole radio frequency traps. A detailed analysis of the motion of trapped ions as a function of the amplitude, phase and stability of the ion's motion is used to evaluate the experimental prospects for such traps. The present analysis has the virtue of providing definitive answers for the merits of the various configurations, using first principles.


In the case that the background scene is dense map regularization complex and the detected objects are low texture, the method of matching according to the feature points is not applicable. Usually, the template matching method is used. When training samples are insufficient, the template matching method gets a worse detection result. In order to resolve the problem stably in real time, we propose a fast template matching algorithm based on the principal orientation difference feature. The algorithm firstly obtains the edge direction information by comparing the images that are binary. Then, the template area is divided where the different features are extracted. Finally, the matching positions are searched around the template. Experiments on the videos whose speed is 30 frames/s show that our algorithm detects the low-texture objects in real time with a matching rate of 95%. Compared with other state-of-art methods, our proposed method reduces the training samples significantly and is more robust to the illumination changes.


This article analyses unique properties of web-based interactive documentary which uses the resources of new media. The article is focused on interactivity and multimedia structure of the digital environment. On the basis of international practice of interactive documentary, and the experience of the Interactive Art Department of Saint-Petersburg State University of Film and Television in development of digital narratives, the author analyses the specific nature of director's activity in creating interactive documentary films.


The relationship of auditory and vestibular abnormalities in Usher's syndrome was investigated by Patrick Brookhauser, MD, and colleagues, Boy's Town Institute, Omaha, at the Eastern Section meeting of the Triological Society in New York City. This evaluation of 25 patients was carried out to improve the diagnostic classification, estimate the prevalence of the disease, and determine the role of mental retardation in this disorder. This recessively inherited disorder generally presents with congenital hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa. Although the incidence is 4.4 per 100000, Usher's syndrome accounts for 50% of the deaf/blind individuals in this country. By evaluating these patients, two Usher types have been identified: type I, with severe-to-profound cochlear loss and absent peripheral vestibular responses; and type II, with a moderate-to-severe cochlear loss with normal vestibular responses. There was no consistent association with mental retardation. Neither of these types appears progressive, and the severity of retinitis pigmentosa was


A method is presented for the isolation of genes encoding hydrolytic enzymes without any knowledge of the corresponding proteins. cDNA made from the organism of interest is cloned into a yeast vector to construct an expression library in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Colonies producing hydrolytic enzymes are screened by activity plate assays. In this work, we constructed a yeast expression library from the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesel and isolated a new β‐1,4‐endoglucanase gene on plates containing β‐glucan. This gene, eg15, codes for a previously unknown small protein of 242 amino acids. Despite its small size, the protein contains two conservative domains found in Trichoderma cellulases, namely the cellulose‐binding domain (CBD) and the iinker region that connects the CBD to the catalytic core domain. Molecular modelling of the EGV CBD revealed some interesting structural differences compared to the CBD of the major celluiase CBHI from T. reesei. The catalytic core of EGV is unusually small for a ceiiulase and represents a new family of ceilulases (Family K) and of glycosyl hydrolases (Famlly 45) together with the endoglucanase B of Pseudomonas fluorescens and the endoglucanase V of Humicola insolens on the basis of hydrophobic ciuster anaiysis.


As one of the co-editors of the Handbook of adult and continuing education, 2010 edition, I have been asked to write a brief column on trends in research. I find this a daunting, and for me, impossible task. First of all, I was one of three co-editors and I do not feel comfortable speaking for the others. Second of all, I do not feel that I have a firm handle on all of the differing aspects of adult education research. Certainly, some of the more tantalizing aspects of research in the field deal with the varying aspects of informal and nonformal learning, especially the kinds of learning gained through popular culture, museums, and trolling the internet. Some of the work on transformative learning is also part of a strong trend within adult education research. In addition, the study of the perceptions of students and teachers in more formal settings can add enormously to our understanding of the teaching/learning dynamics. Yet, while I find these trajectories interesting, I also feel that the field itself has lost its focus. I am not sure where all of this will end. The meaning of adult education has traditionally been a contentious area. For this reason alone, the future of it is always in doubt. In the first place, the very definition of adult education is fraught with problems. Is all learning educative? How do we categorize the multitude of nonformal and informal learning endeavors that can lead to profound, even transformative change? Academics have a need to delineate the field in a way that practitioners do not. After all, the work will go on regardless of the name. From the vantage point of the most recent handbook, it is fair to ask, what we can tell about the future of the field, rather than simply the future of its components. Although it would be nice if the Handbook could serve as a blueprint for the future, I see it more as a snapshot of the present or more specifically an aspect of the present. Thus, the Handbook examines the state of research, illuminates key issues, and points out controversies. From the perspective of the Handbook, we came to think of adult education as an intellectual commons, where various concepts and theories could be engaged, explored, and examined. Adult education, unlike schooling, is not bound by a building or organization. Therefore, it is always questionable about whether it is a field, a profession, or a discipline. This has been an ongoing debate in the field, and I do not intend to engage in it here. However, at heart, this is the key question I believe. If we do not understand what kind of entity we are discussing, it is very difficult to really consider its parameters, philosophy, or even purpose. There is some discussion of policy, or the failure thereof, but really the central question is the future of organized adult education or adult education as an entity. Certainly, the enterprise of adult learning will continue to take place in a variety of settings. Adult education transcends disciplines. That was perhaps the most daunting aspect of the Handbook. It is very difficult to step outside of our own academic silos and figure out the big picture. If we think about the future of adult education, we can divide up the question into approximately three areas: the future of practice; the future of academic research; the future of the field. I will deal with each of these, although my focus is primarily on the last. First of all, in terms of practice, there is no question that the practice of adult education is strong and vibrant. One could argue that in fact most of higher education has become focused on what used to be considered the non-traditional student. Additionally, the added interest in the education of veterans has led to a rethinking of the services offered to veterans, the problems they face (and have faced) and the ways that their needs can be accommodated. While higher education has expanded its practice of adult education, basic education has been contracting. …


From March 2020 in Australia, the covid-19 pandemic resulted in regulations for social distancing, which meant that students were homeschooled. Social distancing exponentially increased the exposure of most young children to digital technology such as touchscreens (iPads) and digital flip cameras. This study focuses on two seven-year-old children who maintain their friendship during covid-19 by imaginary performances and playing virtual games. A cultural–historical approach is used in the study to analyze the children's experience as they connect through virtual worlds and build imaginary spaces, contributing to sustaining their relationship during challenging times. Findings indicate that the children built a collective social situation of development integrating sophisticated imaginary, real and virtual worlds. The children's perspective – their motive orientations and intentions towards a new social situation provided new opportunities for learning in a virtual imaginary world. The combination of a real, an imaginary and a virtual world supported the children to experience a range of emotions including joyous moments, empathy and attunement as they encouraged each other to participate.


Thyroid hormones (THs) are involved in the programming of early prenatal period [1-37]. Moreover, adipokines [leptin (LEP), resistin (RETN), adiponectin (ADP), inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], and chemokines [interleukin-8 (IL-8)] play an important role during the fetal development and early life [12,32,33]. THs also control the actions of LEP [8,9], interferon-γ [38], ADP [8,9,39], TNF-α [8,26], and growth factors [8,28,32,33,35,40,41] by non-genomic mechanisms. Alternatively, LEP, ADP, and TNF-ɑ modulate the functions of thyroid axis and insulin sensitivity [8]. Also, adipokines can regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPTA), thermogenesis, body weight, basal metabolic rate and appetite [42]. The nuclear receptors such as thyroid receptors (TRs), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), and liver X receptor (LXR) are vital for the triiodothyronine (T3) regulation of cholesterol metabolism and transcription of lipogenic and lipolytic genes [42]. In white adipose tissue (WAT), the expression and secretion of ADP was decreased throughout the pregnancy [13,43]. Moreover, the expression of LEP and RETN was observed in the developing placenta [44] with reducing the insulin level [45]. Also, the coordination in the secretion these cytokines is involved in the availability of energy during the gestation [46].


ABSTRACT: Secondary neoplasms affecting the central nervous system (CNS) may occur through blood flow or direct extension. This condition occurrence has increased both due to a longer life expectancy of dogs, as well as with the employment of chemotherapeutics, which may increase the survival period and, thus, the odds of the occurrence of metastasis. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological features, such as the age, breed and sex of the animals affected, as well as the gross and microscopic findings of the metastasis from neoplasms involving the CNS of 78 dogs, and, based on the data, estimate the occurrence and frequency of the metastatic or multicentric neoplasms. Females (71.79%) were most affected than males, with an average age of 9.5-years-old and a median of 10-years-old. Most of the cases had a multifocal distribution (73.07%), and epithelial neoplasms (50%) were the most common. Telencephalon was the most affected neuroanatomical region (61.1%). Mammary neoplasms were the most frequent (47.44%), followed by hemangiosarcoma (19.23%), lymphoma (10.26%) and melanoma (6.41%). Less common neoplasms included osteosarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma and lung carcinoma (2.56%). Mammary neoplasms were mainly composed of anaplastic and micropapillary carcinomas, of which only multifocal microscopic lesions were observed.


Technological superiority drives more value for users, and is considered a critical factor for challengers of incumbent technological platforms. We argue that while technological superiority might ...


Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) in qubit systems are known to produce singularities in the entanglement, which could in turn be used to probe the QPT. Current proposals to measure the entanglement are challenging however, because of their nonlocal nature. Here we show that a double quantum dot coupled locally to a spin chain provides an alternative and efficient probe of QPTs. We propose an experiment to observe a QPT in a triple dot, based on the well-known singlet projection technique.


Large population migration has brought China's urbanization rate to 50%. However, with the per capita GDP not increased, the current living standard has not reached a satisfactory level. Up to date, the migrations are mainly from the rural to urban areas directly, thus directly resulting to the increasingly serious rural hollowing and pressures of the cities. This paper presents putting small towns between rural and urban areas as a bridge of population migration. Small towns can form a system together with 'rural' and 'urban', and achieving the healthy flow of population between them. Next, this paper explores advantages and disadvantages of small towns and cities in China, with the goal to enhance the attractiveness of small towns. It suggests that small towns should be concerned to be able to gather population, so that they can contribute to relieving various problems of both rural and urban areas caused by migration. Through research, strategies on development of small towns are put forward. Meanwhile, an actual project of a small town around Shanghai has also been proposed as an evidence of the strategies.


The invention relates to a preparation method of nano-loess slurry, which comprises the following steps: 1. weighing loess powder with the grain diameter of 5-20 micrometers, ball grinding media and water according to a ratio by weight of 1: (5 to 8): (2.3 to 9), and pouring the loess powder, the ball grinding media and the water into a ball grinding pot; 2. weighing hydrophilic modified polyacrylic acid which accounts for 5-10 percent of the weight of the loess powder, pouring the hydrophilic modified polyacrylic acid into the ball grinding pot, and sealing the ball grinding pot; and 3. placing the ball grinding pot on a ball grinder at a rotational speed of 300-500 revolutions per minute, and dispersedly grinding for 8-15 hours to prepare the nano-loess slurry with the grain diameter of 20 nanometers to 100 nanometers. The nano-loess slurry prepared by the method has the characteristics of grain refinement, easy dispersion, good stability, and the like and has the function of releasing anions and far infrared rays.


Development of multimedia makes the delivery of information becomes more practical. Banda Aceh is a city that has tourism potential which is a relic of history. The problem is the media to promote the tourist attractions and historic sites is not maximized. For that created an interactive application that contains information on tourism in the city of Banda Aceh. In scientific writing, create interactive applications Banda Aceh tourism using Adobe Flash CS6. This application is interactive in which the user can choose the location where you want to know. The interactive application is also accompanied by a minimalist travel map containing tourist sites. It also added amenities of the town and a glimpse of information contains the address of the tourist attractions. Output is later is a file-based application exe (Execute) file and swf (Small Web Format) files which contains information on tourism sites in Banda Aceh. Output of the file will be saved in the long term and more practical. This application is expected to be used by the people of Banda Aceh to promote tourist places in the city. With the media is also expected to foster community interest outside Banda Aceh to visit attractions in the city of Banda Aceh. Keyword : Media Information, Tourism, Multimedia, Interactive Application.


In recent years Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are the most widely used networks and got attractive applications in various fields such as medical, military, safety agriculture and environmental monitorings etc. People are attracted to the networks which provide good services with less cost and judges the network based on their experience of network performance. The network performance seen by the customers is called as network Quality of Service (QOS). Hence to increase this QOS huge numbers of nodes are positioned. But due this increment in number of sensor nodes possibility of node failure also increases, this imposes to find an accurate faulty node detection algorithm so as to maintain network QOS. This paper presents an algorithm to detect faulty node present in WSNs. The algorithm is based on Round Trip Delays (RTDs) and Round Trip Paths (RTPs). First the proposed algorithm is experimented by taking six sensor nodes; later on the scalability of this proposed detection algorithm is demonstrated by simulating wireless sensor network with large number of nodes.


Many living and colorful female figures are produced in numerous literature works.And consciousness of female independence is always expressed in different ways through them.This paper focuses on the disscussion of common and special characteristics of this consciousness,tries to find some connection between the figures' destiny and it,then explores the writers' certain tendency in writing.


Concert by Edwin Paling (violin) and Arabella Teniswood-Harvey (piano) in the Hobart Town Hall on 6 August 2017. Performed three major 20th century works: Poulenc's Sonata for Violin and Piano, Prokofiev's Sonata for Violin and Piano OP.94a and Hindemith's Sonata for Solo Violin Op.11/6.


Abstract : The Military Traffic Management Command (MTMC), in its capacity as the Department of Defense's (DoD's) traffic manager, has responsibility for personal property program policy development and implementation, as well as for the program's operational oversight A variety of program shortcomings, heretofore unsuccessful attempts to change deficient program elements, increasing budget and resource austerity, and widespread DoD emphasis on adapting commercial business practices to its logistics programs, prompted MTMC to introduce an aggressive personal property reengineering effort. MTMC's reengineering objectives include adoption of proven, commonly applied commercial business practice's, such as high quality service, member-influenced performance evaluation, carrier loss and damage claims settlement directly with members, and long-term contracts or agreements with as few carriers as necessary. LMI supported the ongoing reengineering effort with traffic pattern, market share, and loss and damage valuation analyses; industry business practice surveys; and documentation of the evolving concept. This report describes the business practices tentatively selected by MTMC for a reengineered personal property program. Testing and implementation of those practices are scheduled to occur during 1996 and 1997.


© Translational Andrology and Urology. All rights reserved. The majority (75%) of incident bladder cancer cases are non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) (1). These tumors have high rates of recurrence and progression that significantly contribute to the cost and morbidity associated with each bladder cancer diagnosis. Cystoscopy with transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. Accordingly, optimal identification of all visible tumors during each cystoscopy is essential for accurate staging and therefore treatment. The current gold standard modality is white light cystoscopy (WLC). However, novel cystoscopic imaging modalities such as photodynamic diagnostic (PDD, aka fluorescence) cystoscopy are being increasingly adopted and recommended for use by societal guidelines (2). These recommendations are supported by a growing body of literature that suggests lower recurrence and long-term progression rates when compared to traditional WLC (3). WLC sufficiently identifies large papillary lesions, but has well known limitations such as missing multi-focal lesions, microscopic or flat lesions such as carcinoma in-situ (CIS), or misidentifying dysplasia or inflammation (4). Given the importance of accurate staging and oncologic risks of missed lesions, there is a need to develop and implement new techniques and modalities that can improve the detection of bladder tumors. In their article entitled "Multiparametric Cystoscopy for Detection of Bladder Cancer Using Real-time Multispectral Imaging", published in European Urology, Kriegmair and colleagues reported results from a feasibility study using novel multiparametric cystoscopy technology with real-time image fusion (5). In their study of 10 patients, real-time multispectral imaging enhanced cystoscopy was created using a camera, light source, microcontroller, and a filtered video-adapter. White light, enhanced vascular contrast (EVC), blue light fluorescence (PDD), protoporphyrin IX fluorescence, and autofluorescence (AF) were used independently and then merged into one image to scan the bladder and identify lesions, after which point standard cystoscopy was used to resect all lesions. Two independent urologists performed post-surgical analysis of the images on all modalities to grade lesions on a 4-point Likert scale from "not suspicious" to "clearly suspicious". Using multi-spectral imaging, the authors found 31 lesions in 10 patients, 27 of which were malignant in 9 patients. The majority of lesions were low-grade (LG) Ta (n=22) with 2/5 high-grade lesions CIS. Multiparametric imaging had the highest probability of being score "clearly suspicious", followed by PDD at 0.57 and white light at 0.47. All five modalities had a probability greater than zero of completely missing a lesion, while the fused multiparametric imaging did not (P=0.128). They also suggest the possibility of this technique improving the detection of flat lesions. However, PDD correlated closely to overall multiparametric imaging scores among flat lesions, suggesting that PDD may be driving the increase in the multiparametric score with marginal value added Editorial Commentary


In this study the two years of average grain yield(y),water use efficiency(WUE),water supply use efficiency(WsUE),and the integrated nutrient index(INI)after two years of regulated deficit irrigation(RDI)in spring wheat in Hexi oasis irrigation region were used as the factors to establish the single-factor-evaluation matrix in integrated evaluation of RDI regimes in an arid environment.The results showed:The maximum IEI in RDI treatments occurred in HFF followed by MFM,then MFH.The IEI in treatment HFM and MFL were obviously lower than that in MFH,and that in LLM was significantly lower than that in MFL,while the minimum IEI occurred in LLL treatment.Anyway,IEI in RDI treatments were all significantly higher than in the FFF check subjected to free-from-water-deficit.Consequently,no matter in the crop productivity,water resources use efficiency,and sustainable utilization of water resources and soil nutrients,RDI regime HFF had the maximum IEI due to its maximum crop productivity and water use efficiency,higher water supply use efficiency(reaching to 96.3% of the maximum)and integrated nutrient index(97.7% of the maximum).As a result,RDI treatment HFF was recommended as the optimized regime for spring wheat throughout wheat growing season,in which wheat was to be subjected to free-from-water-deficit(soil water content,ie.,SWC maintained at 65% to 70% of the field capacity)during booting and heading and grain filling to physiological maturity while high water deficit(SWC maintained at 45% to 50% of the field capacity),with the total irrigation water amounting to 440 mm(including 100 mm during late autumn).


Shrubs are an important component of desert ecosystems.Their biomass allocation and biomass estimation are important indices to study the structure,function,mass,and energy flow of desert ecosystems. However,research on desert shrub biomasses is still limited.The current destructive biomass estimation is unsuitable for use in arid lands where the ecosystem is weak,so it is important to estimate the shrub biomass using models at multiple scales.In this study,the constructive shrub species Haloxylon ammodendron in the Junggar Desert was used as an example.A number of plant morphological parameters were chosen,and the aboveground(AGB)and belowground biomass(BGB)models were established at the individual plant,plot and regional scales using allometric(power function)equations.The biomass estimation was then performed using the same model.Based on the canopy volume(CH),the formula AGB=0.3628×CH0.9605 accurately reflected the AGB individual accumulation characteristics.The individual BGB was estimated using BGB=0.8737× AGB0.9394.The total canopy cover(TC)of H.ammodendron was an effective parameter to calculate the total AGB and BGB(TAGB=0.6757×TC1.1343,TBGB=0.6384×TC1.0959)in sampling plots with an area of 0.1 hm2.On a large,regional scale,the relative canopy cover(RC)had a positive effect on estimating the AGB and BGB densities(DAGB=0.0921×RC1.1343,DBGB=0.0796×RC1.0959),from which the total regional biomass storage of H.ammodendroncould be obtained.It showed that the issue of scaling was successfully resolved using the RC of the H.ammodendronbiomass density.There was no scale limit when RC was used.In future, the RC of H.ammodendron can also be obtained quickly through aerial photography,remote sensing,etc, thus the total AGB and BGB in relevant regions would be estimated accurately using the aforementioned biomass density models.


Thus, in an effort to develop new knowledge that might be useful in providing guides for the more effective education of gifted children, a comparative study of mathematics learning among gifted thirteen year olds in the Greater London and Greater Twin Cities (Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota) areas seemed promising. We wanted to know if the mathematics achievement of intellectually gifted London thirteen year olds really is superior to that of equally gifted thirteen year olds in the Greater Twin Cities area. If so, we wanted to know the extent to which it is superior. We also wanted to know what provisions, influences, and the like were different in the two cultures.


The present invention provides a lancet device including a lancet chamber and a blood outlet, the blood collection needle means through the vacuum mechanism or a capillary mechanism of the lancet device to extract the desired amount from the skin of mammals including humans blood, temporarily storing the blood, and the blood through such as a digital bio disc (the DBD) was injected into the blood analysis and diagnosis apparatus inlet blood chamber and a blood analysis and diagnosis apparatus or the like lab on a chip.


The new ground based telescope generation is moving to a next stage of performance and resolution. Mirror substrate material properties tolerance and homogeneity are getting into focus. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) homogeneity is even more important than the absolute CTE. The error in shape of a mirror, even one of ZERODUR, is affected by changes in temperature, and by gradients in temperature. Front to back gradients will change the radius of curvature R that in turn will change the focus. Some systems rely on passive athermalization and do not have means to focus. Similarly changes in soak temperature will result in surface changes to the extent there is a non-zero coefficient of thermal expansion. When there are in-homogeneities in CTE, the mirror will react accordingly. Results of numerical experiments are presented discussing the impact of CTE in-homogeneities on the optical performance of 4 m class mirror substrates. Latest improvements in 4 m class ZERODUR CTE homogeneity and the thermal expansion metrology are presented as well.


Power installations and transmission networks are expanding with the rapid growth of the national economy.Buried HV cables are also growing fast due to reliability of electricity supply,zero space occupancy resulting in aesthetic city appearance and small land occupancy.But in recent years,termite damage to HV power cables is becoming more serious every day,especially in Southern China,seriously affecting the safety of networks and stability of line operation,in terms of the termite damage to the 110 kV HV cables of Dongguan Power Supply Administration,this paper analyses the cause for which termites bite the cable and investigates the counter measures to eliminate the termite damage.


The overall goal of this project is to ascertain whether a given PET radiotracer reliably and accurately identifies an active cancerous region within the gross tumour volume. The only means to assess it is to compare the PET signal with the gold standard of histopathology. To allow for this comparison both images need to be spatially aligned or registered. However, lung tissue undergoes several deformations following surgical resection and pathological processing. Therefore, these distortions need to be taken into account in order to obtain a truthful mapping. Moreover, PET signals are intrinsically 3D, whereas histopathology slices are planar images. In order to overcome this problem, 2D slices have to be stacked together to reconstruct the original volume prior to registration.


The mechanistic quality in Newton's theory of motion resides in some of the phenomena for which the theory gives an account, not in the theory itself. There can be nothing mechanistic in the postulates or axioms of a theory, because postulates or axioms are statements, propositions, sentences, and sencences cannot be either mechanistic or humanistic. But a humanistic psychology can be constructed on the model of Newtonian physics if the postulates are about human events instead of physical events. The Theory of Symbolic Transformations consists of two postulates abouc human experiences-che human experiences (percepts or concepts) which lead to our ac t ions-and thus the theory is humanistic rather than mechanistic. Postulate I. I f n o physiological s t imz~la~ ion is present, our experiences will equal our symbolized meaningful represelztations ( P S = 0, E = S M R ) . Postulate 11. If n o symbolized meaningfzd repre~entations are present, onr experiences will eqzlal our physiological stimalation (SMR = 0, E = PS) . As in physics, the postulates consist of mathematical axioms from which deductions abouc actual empirical events can be made. One crucial deduction is that a visual percept-whac one actually sees--can never equal in size, color, or in any ocher characteristic, a projection of our retinal image of that thing, e.g., a positive afterimage projected back to the object. A n objecc as seen will never equal what is impressed on the retina, according to the theory, because every actual visual image is a transformation of the physiological stimulation by the sy~nbolized meaningful representation. Thus one deduction from the theory contradicts precisely a view held by most psychologists: thac when cues are completely reduced what is seen would have to equal the retinal excitation (cf. Holway & Boring, 1941). A t present the theory lacks a third posn~late which would allow it to predict numerically the characteriscics of our seeings, but by deduction one can now predict the seen sizes, orientations, shapes, colors, and movement characteristics of our visual experiences, and, by excension, of all our human experiences.


In most of her fiction, Edith Wharton concentrates upon the aspirations of women and reflects in a variety of situations the deprivations peculiarly theirs. Because of her sympathy with her women characters and her insight into their lives, she reveals an implicit feminism as they relate, ordinarily at some disadvantage, to individual men or to a society which men control and dominate. She subtly juxtaposes women whose behavior is traditional with those whose behavior challenges social expectations. Her novels and stories encompass the problems of American women at several economic levels; and they reveal the conduct and the values of many sorts of women, from the immutable aristocrats of the 1870s to flappers, movie stars, and culture-club lecturers of the 1920s and 1930s, from women whose integrity resulted from their complete adaptation to a life of inherited ease to those who find their salvation within themselves alone. Wharton explores, characteristically from the point of view of one woman, the problems that she encounters in marriage, divorce, extramarital alliances, widowhood, or spinsterhood. Over one-third of her eighty-six short stories, in fact, center on what R. W. B. Lewis calls "The Marriage Question."' By the turn of the century she was already exposing the penalties experienced by women as they confronted such common realities as abortion, illegitimacy, economic dependence, and the double standard of sexual morality. Wharton's first critics occupied themselves with her precise, polished style and her relationship to her mentor, Henry James. By the


A quantitative method for determining adenosine 5′-monophosphate,cytidine 5′-monophosphate,guanosine 5′-monophosphate,uridine 5′-monophosphate and inosine 5′-monophosphate in formula milk powder was described.Following deproteinisation,adjusting pH,and so on,the sample extracted was quantitatively analyzed by the reversed-phase liquid chromatography.The CRM of nucleotides was used as the standard for quantitative analysis.Performance parameters included recoveries of 90.8%~99.3%,and repeatability limit as 1.43,and reproducibility limit as 2.44.The described method has been applied to the analysis of infant formula milk powder.


The article deals with the actual problem of the formation of cultural and social identity of Millennials generation. Russian researchers (V. Kotlyarova, A. Priepa, E. Sapozhnikov, V. Terin) and foreign sciences (S. Miles, J. Mowen, D. Tapscott) hypothesized that consumption is a mean of social communication, method of organization of social relations and significant comparisons. However, given the nature of changes in the life of people, it is necessary to continue scientific research, in particular focusing on the generation of modern young people. The purpose of this article is to consider the influence of the values of postmodern culture on cultural identity and its actions in the process of consumption. In the course of the analysis and generalization of the results of the study, we identify the main characteristics of the consumer society, which influence the values and value orientations of modern youth. The author identifies and structures the correlation between the values inherent in young people and their consumer preferences. As a result of the study, we analyze the implementation of subjectivity of the younger generation, associated with the demonstration of a certain lifestyle through consumer behavior. During the research, we used General scientific and philosophical methods of cognition. Studying the process of transformation of the cultural identity of modern youth in the context of consumer society, we used historical, philosophical and hermeneutical methods, as well as philosophical, anthropological and axiological approaches. The study shows that for modern youth consumption is the process of identity formation, where brands and lifestyle are an important part of the manifestation of values and value orientations formed in the process of socialization in modern cultural conditions. The author concludes that the process of consumption transforming, significantly influencing the construction of identity and personal image of the individual as a full-fledged actor of modern consumer society. The prospects of further study of the problem of cultural identity of young people in the context of consumer society are associated with a detailed review of consumer practices of young people, as well as philosophical and anthropological justification of the transformation of the "consuming person" in the period of transition from industrial to postindustrial society. Highlights 1. The study reveals the essence of the concept of "identity" in the context of socio-cultural processes in the post-industrial society. 2. The article identified distinctive features inherent in the consumer society, which had an impact on the formation of the value system of young people; 3. The study found correlations between the values inherent in modern youth and their consumer preferences.


Objective
To investigate the role of dexmedetomidine (DEX) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of cell cytokines from monocyte macrophage RAW264.7 and nuclear transcription factor (NF)-κB signal pathway.

Methods
RAW264.7 cell lines were seeded in 6-well plates with a density of 1×106/mL (2 mL/hole) and randomly divided into control group (PBS), DEX group (10 ng/mL), LPS group (1 μg/mL) and LPS (1 μg/mL)+DEX (10 ng/mL) group. After incubation of 3, 6, 12 and 24 h, ELISA was employed to detect the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and high mobility group box (HMGB)-1 in the supernatants of 6 wells in each group. Then, 6 wells in each group were chosen at incubation of 12 h for determination of NF-κB signal pathway related proteins phosphorylated (p)-P65 and p-P50 expressions by Western blotting.

Results
As compared with those in the control group, the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and HMGB-1 in the supernatant of LPS group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expressions of p-P65 and p-P50 were significantly increased in the LPS group (P<0.05). As compared with those in the LPS group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and HMGB-1 were statistically decreased, and the expressions of P65 and P50 were significantly down-regulated in the DEX group (P<0.05).

Conclusion
DEX could inhibit the release of cells cytokines from RAW264.7 and decrease the levels of NF-κB signal pathway related protein expressions.

Key words:
Dexmedetomidine; Sepsis; Inflammatory cytokine


This study is concerned with the design of a nonsingular decoupled terminal sliding mode controller for a class of fourth-order under-actuated uncertain nonlinear systems with unknown external disturbance. For the unmeasured disturbance, a disturbance observer with finite-time convergence of estimation error to zero is proposed. The nonsingular decoupled terminal sliding mode controller is designed by utilizing the output of the proposed disturbance observer. Also, an input saturation constraint and control singularity are considered in the controller design. The finite-time stability and convergence of the disturbance observer are proved for the closed-loop system. In addition, the control of an electrostatically actuated Timoshenko nanobeam subjected to Casimir force is simulated to demonstrate the effectiveness and performance of the proposed control scheme.


Supplier is one the most important and inflluence thing in suplly chain of a company existency. Supplier selection has a big role in decision making for getting supplier in improvement of company's competitive. Tarutama Nusantara Agrobusiness Cooperative (Kopa TTN) is one of the Indonesian company exporting tobacco leaves of Na-Oogst Besuki to European countries. Kopa TTN has Madani Agro Sejahtera (MAS) as a branch company that focuse on tobacco Na-Oogst trading. For this reason, MAS should be always increasing its competitive by supplier selection. The aim of this research were to get criteria and sub-criteria that mostly concerned in supplier selection of tobacco leaves and also to get the prior of tobacco leaves supplier by using Analytic Network Process (ANP) methode.. Result showed that the prior sub-criteria was physical appearance of material quality criteria.Abdul Wahab memiliki prioritas tertinggi di antara pemasok lainnya dengan nilai 0,059782; kemudian berturut-turut prioritas tertinggi hingga terendah adalah H. Busyono dengan nilai 0,045026, Henu dengan nilai 0,044384, Miseri dengan nilai 0,034880, Topik dengan nilai 0,010456 dan terakhir adalah H. Aminullah dengan nilai 0,003231.


We constrain the parameters of dynamical dark energy in the form of a classical scalar field with barotropic equation of state jointly with other cosmological parameters using various combined datasets including the CMB power spectra from WMAP7, the baryon acoustic oscillations in the space distribution of galaxies from SDSS DR7 and WiggleZ, the light curves of SN Ia from 3 different compilations: SDSS (SALT2 and MLCS2k2 light curve fittings), SNLS3 and Union2.1. The considered class of models involves both quintessential and phantom subclasses. The analysis has shown that the phantom models are generally preferred by the observational data. We discuss the effect of allowing for non-zero masses of active neutrinos, non-zero curvature or non-zero contribution from the tensor mode of perturbations on the precision of dark energy parameters estimation. We also perform a forecast for the Planck mock data.


Further investigation into automobile license plate image localization based on horizontal line scanning is made. Algorithm course of license plate localization including image gathering, histogram-revising, thresholding, horizontal scanning etc is probed. This method is simple, easy to understand and proved to be feasible and exact in theory and experiment.


We present in this paper a method allowing to structure a constraint store by modifying the constraint granularity. This allows to inspect the store, which is according to us a key-point in debugging and profiling CLP programs. The method relies on properties of constraint narrowing operators and of the propagation algorithm. A theoretical framework is given, along with an example showing a use of the method.


Abstract:Background:The process of change is investigated during a interprofessional work-based training.The studied organization serves children with disabilities and their families in Swedenand c ...


................................................................................................................................ iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................... v CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1 Obesity Defined ...................................................................................................................... 2 Media Consumption and Obesity............................................................................................ 3 Displacement Hypothesis........................................................................................................ 5 Purpose of the Study ............................................................................................................... 7 Public Policy Implications ................................................................................................ 8 Organization of Thesis .................................................................................................... 10 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................... 11 Advertisement Exposure ....................................................................................................... 11 Physical Activity ................................................................................................................... 24 Parental Mediation/Modeling ......................................................................................... 33 Neighborhood Safety ...................................................................................................... 36 Summary ............................................................................................................................... 41 CHAPTER THREE METHOD .............................................................................................. 44 Measures ............................................................................................................................... 45 Parental Gender and Socioeconomic Status ................................................................... 45 Gender and Ethnicity ...................................................................................................... 46 Body Mass Index ............................................................................................................ 47 General and Contemporary Television Consumption ..................................................... 48 Physical Activity ............................................................................................................. 49 Neighborhood Safety ...................................................................................................... 49 Parental Mediation .......................................................................................................... 50 Survey Sites .................................................................................................................... 51 Rationale and Hypotheses ..................................................................................................... 52 Procedure and Sampling ....................................................................................................... 56 Sample............................................................................................................................. 58 Analysis................................................................................................................................. 59 CHAPTER FOUR ANALYSIS AND RESULTS .................................................................. 61 General Demographics.......................................................................................................... 61 Child Data ....................................................................................................................... 61 Parent Participants .......................................................................................................... 62 General Survey Description .................................................................................................. 63 Media Hours.................................................................................................................... 63 Advertisements ............................................................................................................... 63 Physical Activity ............................................................................................................. 64 Parenting Style ................................................................................................................ 64 vii Neighborhood Safety ...................................................................................................... 65 Internal Consistency.............................................................................................................. 66 Factor Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 67 Neighborhood Safety ...................................................................................................... 67 Parenting Style ................................................................................................................ 67 Hypotheses and Research Questions .................................................................................... 68 Hypothesis One: TV and Advertisements....................................................................... 68 Hypothesis Two: TV and BMI ....................................................................................... 68 Hypothesis Three: Advertisements and BMI .................................................................. 69 Hypothesis Four: TV and Physical Activity ................................................................... 69 Hypothesis Five: Physical Activity and BMI ................................................................ 69 Hypothesis Six: TV and Neighborhood .......................................................................... 69 Hypothesis Seven: Neighborhood and Physical Activity ............................................... 70 Hypothesis Eight: Neighborhood and BMI .................................................................... 70 Hypothesis Nine: TV and Parent Mediation ................................................................... 70 Hypothesis Ten: Parent Mediation and Physical Activity .............................................. 70 Hypothesis Eleven: Parent Mediation and BMI ............................................................. 71 Research Question One: Gender ..................................................................................... 71 Research Questions Two: Ethnicity ................................................................................ 71 Research Question Three: TV Consumption .................................................................. 71 CHAPTER FIVE DISCUSSION ............................................................................................ 73 General Discussion and Analysis................................................................................................ 73 Implications of the Results.......................................................................................................... 73 Hypotheses ............................................................................................................................ 73 Research Questions ............................................................................................................... 77 Strengths ..................................................................................................................................... 79 Limitations .................................................................................................................................. 80 Future Research .......................................................................................................................... 80 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 81 APPENDIX A: SURVEY INSTRUMENT ................................................................................ 83 APPENDIX B: GIRLS BMI FOR AGE PERCENTILES .......................................................... 92 APPENDIX C: BOYS BMI FOR AGE PERCENTILES........................................................... 93 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................... 94 CURRICULUM VITAE ............................................................................................................ 113


Parameters of the mathematical model describing many practical dynamical systems are prone to vary due to aging or renewal, wear and tear, as well as changes in environmental or service conditions. These variabilities will adversely affect the accuracy of state estimation. In this article, we introduce SSUE: simultaneous state and uncertainty estimation for quantifying parameter uncertainty while simultaneously estimating the internal state of a system. Our approach involves the development of a Bayesian framework that recursively updates the posterior joint density of the unknown state vector and parameter uncertainty. To execute the framework for practical implementation, we develop a computational algorithm based on maximum a posteriori estimation and the numerical Newton's method. Observability analysis is conducted for linear systems, and its relation with the consistency of the estimation of the uncertainty's location is unveiled. Additional simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SSUE approach.


We report on a detailed analysis of the superconducting properties of boron-doped silicon films grown along the 001 direction by gas immersion laser doping. This technique is proved to be a powerful technique to dope silicon in the alloying range 2-10 at.% where superconductivity occurs. The superconducting transitions are sharp and well defined both in resistivity and magnetic susceptibility. The variation of Tc on the boron concentration is in contradiction with a classical exponential dependence on superconducting parameters. Electrical measurements were performed in magnetic field on the sample with cB = 8 at.% (400 laser shots) which has the highest Tc (0.6 K). No hysteresis was found for the transitions in magnetic field, which is characteristic of a type-II superconductor. The corresponding upper critical field was on the order of 1000 G at low temperatures, much smaller than the value previously reported. The temperature dependence of Hc2 is very well reproduced by the linearized Gorkov equations neglecting spin effects in the very dirty limit. These measurements in magnetic field allow an estimation of the electronic mean-free path, the coherence length, and the London penetration depth within a simple two-band free electron model.


Objective: To determine the frequency, severity and risk factors of erectile dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: In this descriptive cross sectional study male patient with type II diabetes mellitus were included (age 25 to 75 years) visiting Department of Medicine Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire on demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle characteristics and on erectile function, using the IIEF-15 (International Index of Erectile Function). Information on duration of diabetes, smoking, type of treatment, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, kidney disease and blood pressure were also obtained. Results: The study included 146 diabetic male patients. Their age ranged between 25 and 75 with a mean of 52.75 and standard deviation of 10.367 years. The overall frequency of ED was 65.1%. Among the 95 patients with ED, it was mild in 10 (6.8 %), moderate in 15 (10.3%), moderate in 38 (26 %) and severe 32 (21.9 %) patients. Only 51 patients (34.9 %) have no erectile function. Patient`s age, DM duration, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, history of coronary artery and kidney disease were independently associated with ED among diabetic patients (p <0.05). Conclusion: Erectile dysfunction is a common condition in diabetic men and the severity increases with age and duration of diabetes. This study provides a quantitative estimate of the frequency of erectile dysfunction and its main risk factors in diabetic patient and therefore should routinely be inquired by the clinicians.


The primary objective of the population management plan for New Zealand sea lions, Phocarctos hookeri, is to move the species from its current conservation status of 'Threatened' to 'Non-threatened'. The mechanism by which this will occur is through the establishment of new breeding colonies away from the only existing colonies at Auckland Islands and Campbell Island. Otago, on the southeast coast of the South Island of New Zealand, is one of only three locations where breeding has been recorded away from these islands in modern times. We found only one female at the initiation of our surveys here in 1991, an individual that had been tagged as a pup at Auckland Islands. This female has remained resident at Otago and is now breeding. Her first live birth, in the 1993/94 breeding season, represented the first record of a P. hookeri pup on the New Zealand mainland since the elimination of the species here by humans c. 150 years ago. Up to and including the 2000/01 breeding season she had produced six pups. Her surviving pups have remained at Otago and her eldest two daughters have started breeding, producing a further three pups. From this total of nine live births, two pups have died. Although 6 - 8 other migrant females have been recorded, to our knowledge none have bred at Otago. We conclude that the initiation of breeding by P. hookeri at Otago has been a serendipitous event attributable to atypical behaviour by a single female.


I had my first cross-cultural experience in 1945 54 years ago. It still remains the most unforgettable, shocking, and saddest experience of all for me. It took place only four and a half months before the end of World War II. The war became so desperate for Japan after its defeat in the Philippines that it was easily predictable that the American armed forces would soon invade Okinawa, my home island. In this situation one desperate move for the Japanese army was to mobilize young high school students on the island. My schoolmates and I were inducted into the Japanese army as privates to defend Okinawa. The induction took place in March, the American forces landed in April, the battle on Okinawa ceased in June, and Japan surrendered in August all in 1945.


The inlet is the important factor for designing the ramjet,which directly affects the total pressure recovery coefficient σ and the flow coefficient φ of the ramjet.The second-order upwind implicit TVD schemes were used to solve the compressible N-S equations for simulating the complex inner and outer flow fields about the 2D inlet,the missile body and firebox under the super critical condition,where the pressure ratio between the firebox exit and the free flow P/P_∞=4.2.The configure of the inlets was "X" type with square section.The effects of the two types of the entries σ and φ were studied,and the reasons were analyzed in this paper.


The invention provides a preparation method for a crystal form II of sorafenib tosylate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) adding sorafenib free alkali into ethanol and carrying out heating; (2) adding p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate and carrying out stirring until a clarified state is reached so as to obtain a clarified solution; (3) adding p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate into ethanol so as to obtain an ethanol solution of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate; and (4) cooling the clarified solution prepared in the invention, adding the ethanol solution of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate obtained in the step (3), and successively carrying out stirring, temperature control, stirring and crystallization so as to obtain the crystal form II of sorafenib tosylate. The method provided by the invention is simple, time-saving and energy-saving; and the prepared crystal form II of sorafenib tosylate has high yield and has a purity of 100%.


A Next-Generation Network (NGN) is a future packet-based network being developed by International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The NGN architecture allows service-related functions to be independent of the underlying transport-related technologies. The interest is to utilize each network within its respective area of strength with the aim of attaining generalized user mobility. In particular, terrestrial wireless and satellite-based networks could all contribute to NGN in terms of hybrid/integrated networks, providing ubiquitous and universal broadband IP-based services to mobile users. This special issue of the International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking deals with hybrid/integrated satellite and terrestrial systems, such as Complementary Ground Component (CGC) or Ancillary Terrestrial Component (ATC), that allow seamless inter-working and combine most powerful aspects of each network segment in a cooperative way. A fundamental advantage of combining satellite and terrestrial wireless components is that of efficiently extending network coverage, thus allowing connectivity in non-urban areas as well as supporting mobility for trains, ships, and planes. For example, combining mobile satellite networks with WiMAX, WiFi, WiBro, or 3G solutions enables user interaction, local mobility support, conversational voice services, and remote user profile management. A recent work carried out in ETSI TS 102 855 focuses on the role of Broadband Satellite Multimedia (BSM) access network as part of an NGN architecture. The emphasis of this special issue is on how hybrid/integrated systems can be designed exploiting the cooperation of two segments in a seamless way. In this regard, various technical challenges are addressed, including protocol reference models and analysis, system descriptions and applications, QoS management, network architectures, transport layer issues, standards, and services. A particular consideration is given to special methodologies such as cross-layer system design and optimization. Moreover, ITU-R and ETSI work on hybrid and integrated networks characterization is also addressed in this issue. This special issue brings together (a) some of the best papers of the International Workshop on Satellite and Space Communications (IWSSC'08) held in Toulouse, France, 1–3 October 2008 and (b) invited papers. All the papers were reviewed by experts in the appropriate areas. Seven papers have been selected for this special issue, covering various aspects of hybrid networking. This issue starts with a paper entitled 'Satellite Component of NGN: Integrated and Hybrid Networks' by the co-guest editors, in which they provide a detailed description of integrated and


The aim of this article is to clarify the meaning of the concept of recognition in Axel Honneth's theory of recognition. The main object of interest will be the differences between, what Honneth calls the basic form of recognition and recognition which he describes as a relation. Presented considerations will become premises for such an interpretation of theory of recognition, which differentiates at least between two meanings of the term recognition: first, as a subjective attitude, second, as a relation (which is more adequate interpretation). The indicated differences might be important for in-depth analyses of the theory of recognition, especially considering Honneth's point of view – more formal approach presented in The Struggle for Recognition, to his analyses of democratic ethical life in his latest book Das Recht Der Freicheit.


We demonstrate how plane fronted waves with colliding wave fronts are the asymptotic limit of spherical electromagnetic and gravitational waves. In the case of the electromagnetic waves we utilize Bateman's representation of radiative solutions of Maxwell's vacuum field equations. The gravitational case involves a novel form of the radiative Robinson–Trautman solutions of Einstein's vacuum field equations.


Abstract Distributions like Poisson, binomial, negative binomial or logarithmic behave well as claim number distribution in collective models. Besides, using these claim number distributions, the total claim probabilities can easily be evaluated recursively with the so-called Panjer recursion. This note shows that other recursions can be derived starting with claim number distributions from the class of modified power series distributions which also incorporates generalized Poisson, generalized negative binomial and the ones mentioned above. In addition it is shown that Panjer's recursion can be derived as a special case.


United Nations (UN) peace operations are a vital component of the international community's conflict management toolkit. They have evolved significantly since the end of the Cold War and one of the foremost developments has been the rise of UN policing (UNPOL), growing dramatically in number and evolving from a passive observation role to include frontline law enforcement activities and an intrusive institutional reform and capacity-building function. The short-term restoration of law and order and the more protracted development of domestic police and the criminal justice system following armed conflict have come to be seen as a sin qua non for missions that aim to lay the foundations for sustainable peace and development. However, attempts to ascertain the impact of UNPOL endeavours towards these goals have proven inadequate for reflecting and capturing the complex change processes at play. Consequently, important practical questions about how best to monitor and evaluate the impact of police in peace operations remain unanswered. The thesis has two main objectives. The first is to investigate the ways in which the effects of peace operations – and UNPOL in particular – are monitored and evaluated. The second is to develop a framework for ME and second, it needs to be embedded in the machinery of peace operations such that it is an intrinsic part of the way they are planned and managed. The thesis demonstrates that an approach grounded in these principles has the potential to overcome the shortcomings synonymous with extant orthodoxy. Furthermore, it is argued that by enhancing the relationship between field-level M&E and organisational learning, the findings of this research can make an important contribution to the pursuit of more professional and effective UN peace operations.


This paper presents a channel prediction method for MIMO systems operating at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies in 3D propagation environments. Based on recent 3D model for mmWave channels, an ESPRIT/Unitary ESPRIT approach is proposed for jointly extracting the azimuth, elevation and Doppler parameters of the channel. The MMSE minimum description length (MMDL) criterion is utilize for proper selection of the number of dominant paths. Temporal extrapolation of the estimated model is then performed to obtain future states of the channel. A closed form expression for the performance bound on the estimation and prediction of 3D multiantenna channels with uniform planar array is also derived. The performance of the method is evaluated via numerical simulations.


1. The early work of Hunt and Taveau (1911) on the pharmacological action of acetyl-β-methyl choline has been confirmed with other preparations of this compound.

2. The statements that the preparations used in our early work were impure have again been shown to be erroneous.

3. Further experiments on the relation of atropine to the action of acetyl-β-methyl choline are described.

4. The blood pressure lowering bodies which have been found in the adrenals are briefly considered.


Energy harvesting enables perpetual operation of wireless sensor nodes by scavenging energy from the environment. Light energy harvesting using photovoltaic (PV) cells is preferred as they offer the highest volumetric power output allowing nodes to be as small as possible. However, their power output can be spatially and temporally-variable. This work investigates the performance of cm2-scale photovoltaic (PV) cells, and reports on a new measurement and characterization platform. Results show that micro photovoltaic (PV) cells perform differently from large panels: power is not simply a function of area and light levels, and manufacturing variability can be a major issue. The method presented enables the rational design of micro-scale systems, including their maximum power point tracking circuits, and the evaluation of techniques for energy-neutrality (such as workload throttling) at design-time.


From the perspective of Themes in the Study of Human Development, we can find a good number of theories advocated to explore and entail the development of human being differently by different theorist. Since there have been many themes proposed in the developmental science about different aspects of human development, it gives birth of theoretical controversy—Nature VS nurture, Passive VS Active, Continuity VS Discontinuity, holistic approach etc. In the process of generating, testing, and confirming or disconfirming these theories, a very basic set of themes has emerged that nearly every theory addresses. Of the different developmental controversy, we will turn our review on only the nature vs. nurture controversy and specifically will discuss about environmental (Nurture approach) influence on the development and more specifically the parental influence on development of adolescents.


Many data comes from a process with variables having non-normal distributions. The commonly used Shewhart variable control charts which depend heavily on the normality assumption should not be applied here. Further, measurement error of an instrument or gauge is an important factor in industry that influences the outcome of a process. Incapability of the instrument or gauge would cause the observation measure deviates from the true value and consequently lead to a false discrimination between good and bad service quality and manufacturing parts. In this study, we propose a new EWMA control chart to monitor the exponentially distributed service time between consecutive events with the measurement error instead of monitoring the number of events in a given time interval. We showed that, in the case of the measurement error following a normal distribution, the performance of the EWMA-M chart is significantly affected. We suggest letting for keeping the chart with the same detection ability; otherwise, the chart's detection ability would be much poor than the charts with no measurement errors


We show that starting with the addition law of parallel speeds derived as a consequence of the invariance of the speed of light, the Lorentz transformations for the space-time coordinates can be derived.


FIELD: organic chemistry, chemical technology, pharmacy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a new method for preparing naproxen nitroxyalkyl esters. Invention describes a method for preparing 2-(S)-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propanoic acid nitroxyalkyl with enantiomeric excess exceeding or equal to 97% but preferably exceeding or equal to 98%. Method involves interaction of 2-(S)-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propanoic acid halogen anhydride of the formula A-Hal wherein A represents acyl residue of indicated acid with aliphatic nitroxyalkyl alcohol of the formula HO-Y-ONO 2 wherein Y means linear or optionally branched (C 2 -C 5 )-alkylene in inert organic solvent in the presence of inorganic base to obtain the corresponding 2-(S)-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propanoic acid nitroxyalkyl ester of the formula A-O-Y-ONO 2 wherein A and Y are given above. Also, invention describes 2-(S)-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propanoic acid 4-nitroxybutyl ester with enantiomeric excess of (S)-form in limits from 97% to 98% but preferably above 98%. Invention provides the development of a new method for preparing naproxen nitroxyalkyl esters with enhanced level of enantiomeric excess. EFFECT: improved preparing method. 6 cl, 9 ex