In this paper, we estimate epidemiological data of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary using only the daily number of hospitalized patients, and applying well-known techniques from systems and control theory. We use a previously published and validated compartmental model for the description of epidemic spread. Exploiting the fact that an important subsystem of the model is linear, first we compute the number of latent infected persons in time. Then an estimate can be given for the number of people in other compartments. From these data, it is possible to track the time dependent reproduction numbers via a recursive least squares estimate. The credibility of the obtained results is discussed using available data from the literature.


The hydraulic system has become a media leak of hydraulic maintenance of the most important problems, therefore, how to fundamentally undertake the hydraulic system of oil spill prevention and treatment, to ensure the reliable operation of the hydraulic system is the key.


It is proved that the (analogy of the) Haagerup norm on the tenser product of submodules of B(H) over a von Neumann algebra T ⊆ B(H) is injective. If R ⊆ S ⊆ B (H) are von Neumann algebras with S injective and T = R′ ∩ S, then the natural map fromS⊗TS S equipped with the Haagerup norm to CB(R, S) (the space of all completely bounded maps from R to S) is shown to be an isometry, and from this we deduce the result of Chattejee and Smith that the natural map from the central Haagerup tenser product R ⊗C R to CB(R, R) is an isometry for each von Neumann algebra R. It is also shown that for an elementary operator on a prime C*-algebra with zero socle or on a continuous von Neumann algebra the norm is equal to the completely bounded norm.


where d/dn denotes the normal derivative, extend the function u from one side of the plane to the other one by means of its negative or positive image respectively. In particular, the singularities of u to one side of the plane are also reflected into their negative or positive images. In the following we consider the nature of the "reflection" or analytic continuation of a harmonic function u across a plane boundary corresponding to what is perhaps the next simplest boundary condition, namely:


The study of irony detection on social networks has gained much attention in recent years. As part of this task, a collection of users' tweets is provided, and the goal is to determine if these users are spreaders of irony or not. As we hypothesized that user-generated content is affected by the author's psychometric characteristics, contextual information, and irony features in the text, we investigated the effects of incorporating this information to identify ironic spreaders. Using the emotion and personality detection module, we were able to extract the author's psychometric features. A pre-trained language model based on SBERT and T5-based architecture has been employed to extract context-based features. Our paper describes a framework using the author's psychometric, contextual, and ironic features in a Gradient Boosting classifier based on our theory. Experimental results in this paper demonstrate the importance of this combination in identifying ironic spreader users. As a result, we were able to achieve an accuracy of 95.00% and 93.81% with 5-fold and 10-fold cross-validation respectively on the IROSTEREO training dataset. However, on the official PAN test set, our system attained a 88.89% score.


human rights activism, but also because the consideration of differences between the countries in the region would have been very illuminating. The contrast between Uganda and Kenya exemplifies this point. Whereas in Kenya, donors fund anti-state NGOs, in Uganda, donors fund an anti-NGO state. The donor-funded militarization and authoritarianism of Uganda is accompanied by implicit or explicit demands by donors that NGOs do not challenge the government. The divergence of NGOdonor-state relations in the two countries can be seen recently in the ICC interventions: in Kenya, donors are demanding and facilitating the ICC's investigation of crimes by the government, whereas in Uganda, donors appear to be firmly against the ICC even considering prosecuting crimes committed by members of the Ugandan government. For the most part, human rights groups in Uganda are shadows of the assertive political actors described in the chapters on Kenya, and as a result, human rights activism in Uganda has often been limited to marginal issues. For example, the Ugandan High Court outlawed smoking in public places in the name of the constitutional rights to life and to a clean and healthy environment, and there has been significant foreign involvement to advocate ending the death penalty. All the while, donors apparently are ignoring the massive election rigging, violent political repression, and confinement of over a million people by the government in internment camps where they die by the thousands of disease and malnutrition. Indeed, the devastation of northern Uganda by its current government—including twenty years of brutal counterinsurgency and mass forced displacement, all with the implicit or explicit support of Western donors—is a massive human rights tragedy and a massive display of the political and humanitarian pathologies that can result from donor funding. In a final testament to the tensions underlying human rights in East Africa, the war in northern Uganda, perhaps the greatest human rights crisis in the region, is not even mentioned in the book.


Abstract The propagation of dust-ion-acoustic (DIA) solitary and shock waves in multi-ion (MI) unmagnetised and magnetised plasmas have been studied theoretically. The plasma system contains positively and negatively charged inertial ions, opposite polarity dusts, and high energetic super-thermal electrons. The fluid equations in the system are reduced to a Korteweg-de Vries (K-dV) and Korteweg-de Vries Burger (K-dVB) equations in the limit of small amplitude perturbation. The effect of super-thermal electrons, the opposite polarity of ions, and dusts in the solitary and shock waves are presented graphically and numerically. Present investigations will help to astrophysical and laboratory plasmas.


Consistent with the theory of real options, it is argued that the value of the Employment Guarantee Scheme (EGS) in the Indian state of Maharashtra and its impact on workers` behaviour do not depend so much on its income supplementation as on enlargement of opportunities in an uncertain environment of the local labour market. The choice between the EGS and other activities in rural areas is modelled in a dynamic optimisation framework that takes into account a fixed wage rate and certainty of employment under the former and a stochastic wage rate in the latter. Besides, entry and exit costs of various employment options are taken into account. Finally, allowance is made for volatility of regular labour market activities (e.g. agricultural wage earnings). The predictions of this model are validated with the help of a panel household survey in a semi-arid region of south India. If this analysis has any validity, the incentive case for rural public works schemes such as the EGS in terms of screening and deterrent arguments, premised on a fixed wage rate differential, needs to be reformulated.


Background: Intra oral changes are seen in various therapeutic drug usage which can be mild to severe. Oral contraceptive pills (OCP) usage is one among them which causes frequent intra oral changes. Aim of the study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and oral health status of among women using OCP's in Kalaburagi district, Karnataka, India. Methods: A self administered questionnaire was designed and given to women with different socioeconomic background to assess the knowledge, attitude and oral health status of the women using OCPs. Results: Results in the present study showed demographic characteristics of patient's age ranging from 18 year to 41 years. Participants revealed various side effects of OCP which accounts 41% of general side effects and 47 % of oral complications. Common oral complications noticed by Participants had experienced bleeding gums, swollen gums and sometimes both with accounted to 23, 9, 17% respectively. Conclusion: Questionnaire studies designed with clinical examination of oral cavity are required to assess the oral health status, to create awareness and knowledge regarding oral hygiene.


Mean temperature and precipitation are sensitive indicators of climate change. The present study examines the effect of climate change on temperature and precipitation regimes of Jhelum river basin using the predictor data of the global climate models (GCMs) and the local historical weather data. Multiple linear regression technique was used to carry out the downscaling of the GCM predictors. At the end of the 21 st century the mean annual temperature of the Jhelum river basin is predicted to increase by 2.37°C, whereas the average annual precipitation is predicted to decrease substantially by 38.56%. © 2015 Elixir All rights reserved. ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received: 17 May 2015; Received in revised form: 8 July 2015; Accepted: 16 July 2015;


Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image segmentation aims at generating homogeneous regions from a pixel-based image and is the basis of image interpretation. However, most of the existing segmentation methods usually neglect the appearance and spatial consistency during feature extraction and also require a large number of training data. In addition, pixel-based processing cannot meet the real time requirement. We hereby present a weakly supervised algorithm to perform the task of segmentation for high-resolution SAR images. For effective segmentation, the input image is first over-segmented into a set of primitive superpixels. This algorithm combines hierarchical conditional generative adversarial nets (CGAN) and conditional random fields (CRF). The CGAN-based networks can leverage abundant unlabeled data learning parameters, reducing their reliance on the labeled samples. In order to preserve neighborhood consistency in the feature extraction stage, the hierarchical CGAN is composed of two sub-networks, which are employed to extract the information of the central superpixels and the corresponding background superpixels, respectively. Afterwards, CRF is utilized to perform label optimization using the concatenated features. Quantified experiments on an airborne SAR image dataset prove that the proposed method can effectively learn feature representations and achieve competitive accuracy to the state-of-the-art segmentation approaches. More specifically, our algorithm has a higher Cohen's kappa coefficient and overall accuracy. Its computation time is less than the current mainstream pixel-level semantic segmentation networks.


Summary. A new species, Echeveria lyonsii, is described from Tamaulipas, Mexico. It appears to be related to E. shaviana and E. bifida, both with 13 chromosomes. From these, E. lyonsii differs in having 12 chromosomes and smaller flowers. Also discussed is a natural hybrid apparently allied with E. lyonsii.


Using the Australian Bureau of Statistics' Survey of Income and Household Costs, this paper explores the effect of changing assortative mating patterns on income inequality. Evidence from theoretical and mathematically calibrated models suggest that assortative mating has distributional implications for measurable traits, which include income. Using a semi-parametric conditional weighted kernel density estimation framework we analyse the effect of assortative mating on the distribution of income in Australia. In controlling for labour force participation, family characteristics, education and other demographic variables, we find some evidence to suggest that assortative mating has had an influence on the increase in income inequality in the 17 years to 2003. The results are robust to several changes in specification.


This thesis explores how the legitimacy and reputation of firms that have experienced severe crises can be restored through the means of crisis management and crisis communication strategies. Our f ...


In order to analyze the pyrophoric tendency of rust corrosion product eroded by hydrogen sulfide under aerobic condition,the reaction between rust(Fe2O3:75%,Fe(OH)3:7%,Fe3O4:18%) and H2S in sulfur containing oil tanks under aerobic condition was studied experimentally.H2S and O2 were mixed in different proportions to form a mixture.Rust reacted with the mixture.The products of reaction between rust and the mixture were identified by X-ray diffraction.The reaction between rust and H2S and the oxidation reaction of its products were examined under different initial O2 volume fractions.The pyrophoric tendency of corrosion product was evaluated by the temperature changes.The results show that the main corrosion product eroded by hydrogen sulfide under aerobic condition is FeS,and that with the increase in initial O2 volume fraction,the reaction between rust and H2S is accompanied with the oxidation reaction of its product,the amount of the product in the oxidation process decreases and the reoxidation pyrophoric reactivity of the product decreases.


Purpose: Cortical dysplasia (CD) designates a diverse group of malformations resulting from one or more abnormalities in the development of the cerebral cortex. We investigated the findings of interictal SPECT and the diagnostic usefulness of interical and ictal SFECT according to pathological grading (PG) in comparison with MRI. Materials and Methods: This study included 16 patients (M:F=9:7, age: yrs) with pathologically proven CD. Tc-99m ECD SPECT was performed in all patients: interictal 11, interictal and ictal 3, ictal 2. MRI were obtained in all patients and image analysis was done blindly as to the result of SPECT. Pathologic findings of CD were classified into grade 1 G1, dyslamination), grade 2 (G2, dysplastic neurons) and grade 3 (G3, balloon cells). We compared SFECT with MRI in lesions-to-lesions and analyzed the result according to PG. Results: In SFECT and MRI. 38 and 27 lesions were visually recognized. In 14 interictal SPECT, variable findings in 35 lesions were demonstrated: 25 were hypoperfusion, 7 hyperperfusion, 2 heterotopic perfusion in the white matter. By comparison between two studios, missed lesions were founded: SPECT were 1 lesion, MRI 12. Review of missed 12 lesions of MRI were followed according to PG: G1 patients were 16.7% (4/19), G2 40.0% (6/15), and G3 50% (2/4). Conclusion: Interictal SFECT in CD showed variable findings such as hypoperfusion, hyperperfusion or heterotopic perfusion. However, for detection of missed CD on MRI, SFECT may help to detect a functional abnormality of the lesion with high PG.


We experimentally show, for the first time, that optical 3R-regeneration by synchronous modulation can be efficiently implemented in dispersion-managed transmission. Successful association of both techniques is demonstrated at 4O Gbit/s over more than 10000 km.


Fluorine redistribution during heat treatment of chemical vapor deposited tungsten/polycrystalline silicon gate structures was analyzed by the nuclear resonance broadening technique. The tungsten layer was deposited from a hydrogen/tungsten hexafluoride gas mixture. Upon heat treatment in the temperature range 1020–1325‐K tungsten disilicide formation was observed using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. In the as‐deposited sample, the fluorine was accumulated at the tungsten/polycrystalline silicon interface. After silicide formation the fluorine was observed at the tungsten disilicide/polycrystalline silicon interface. At temperatures above 1120 K fluorine starts to diffuse through the polycrystalline silicon layer. A variation in the total fluorine content between the samples was also observed. The origin of the fluorine redistribution as well as the variation in the total fluorine content is discussed in connection to conceivable mechanisms.


The water crisis experienced in recent years in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, has corroborated the need of conscientious use of water, based on use-efficient technologies, capable of inducing reuse. Considering worldwide experiences, this study had the objective of analyzing the potential use of domestic sewage treated in irrigated agriculture in the Paracatu river basin, a region recognized as a water conflict area by the State Government. The methodology consisted of evaluating current uses and comparing the volume of raw water demand for irrigation to the volume generated in the sewage treatment plants in the Paracatu river basin; estimating the cost of effluent trucking down to the treatment plants; and comparing the established values paid for the use of raw water and the estimated cost of treated effluent transportation. Water demand for irrigation is approximately 182 x 10 m/year and the volume produced by the sewage treatment plants is 8,36 x 10 m/year, approximately 4,6% of the irrigation demand. The comparison between the established values paid for the use of raw water and the estimated cost of treated effluent transportation indicates a relationship between 12 e 2%.


Mattson Christine D. (Writer) (Last Name) (First) (Initial) Outcomes of Dietitian Involvement With Leukemia Patients Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (Title) Food and Nutritional Sciences Dr. Carol Seaborn May/2002 104 (Graduate major) (Research Advisor) (Month/Year) (No. of Pages) Turbian, Kate L. Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (Name of Style Manual Used in the Study) There is an increasing need for justification of medical nutrition therapy given by the dietitian. With health care costs escalating rapidly, practitioners need to demonstrate that they can improve patient outcomes. Outcomes research provides a practical approach to health care evaluation. The purpose of this study is to determine if the amount of involvement by a registered dietitian with leukemia patients on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) improves outcomes. The outcomes included in this study were 1) length of inpatient stay, 2) length of TPN administration, 3) percentage of energy needs met by the TPN, 4) weight change, and 5) visceral protein status measured by serum albumin on admission and discharge. Dietitian involvement was defined as the percentage of recommended follow up documentations achieved (meeting the protocol of


tures showing differences with the previously described. The more striking histopathological feature, to our eyes, was a distribution showing nodules mostly located in the dermis, which tends to embrace the adnexal structures and presenting in the deeper areas a rounded pushing interface (Fig. 1A). Moreover in a lymphoma where finding epidermotropism is an exclusion criterion, was striking to find infiltration by the tumoral cells in the eccrine ducts as well as in the hair follicle in all the cases (Figs. 1B–D). This finding, adnexotropism, was first described by Beltraminelly and cols,3 and it is also observed in the larger series, although these articles have not highlighted this finding enough.3,4 In our experience, this adnexotropism is very characteristic, and the finding of an atypical lymphocytic infiltrate with these features and with scarce or lacking epidermotropism should raise the suspicion of PCSM-TCLPD. It was also striking to find infiltration by the tumoral cells in the epithelium of the eccrine ducts involving both the superficial epithelium and the basal layer that also are hyperplastic. The gland presented a multilobulated contour due to the hyperplasia of both components. In all the cases, the affected eccrine ducts showed areas with partial destruction. It was also quite characteristic to find an infiltration of the piloerector muscle by the same atypical cells.5 In these lesions is also quite frequent to find scarce nonclustered CD30-positive cells, in less than 10% of the tumoral lymphocytes and some B-cell lymphocytes. PD1 staining showed clusters of cells in all the studied cases as previously described (Fig. 2). Is important to how that syringotropism does not equal malignancy, it may be observed in several different dermatoses.6 In conclusion, precise diagnosis of PCSM-TCLPD is still a challenge, but a multilobulated nodular infiltrate of slightly atypical lymphoid cells infiltrating hyperplastic eccrine ducts that is presence of siringotropism is a useful marker that, in the appropriate context, may facilitate its recognition of PCSM-TCLPD. In this context, an immunohistochemical panel including T-cell markers, PD1, and CD30 will confirm the correct diagnosis.


Objective To investigate the value of ambulatory electroencephalogram(EEG) monitoring in early diagnosis of the massive cerebral infarction. Methods Using ambulatory EEG to monitor 98 patients who had no focus of CT but Chinese stroke scales above 25 degree at that time. CT scanned every 12 hours. Result In the first 12 hours,36 cases (36.73%) showed slight abnormality,35 cases ( 35.71%) moderately abnormal,27cases (27.55%) severe abnormal. Sixty-two cases(63.27%) were diagnosed. In the second 12 hours,9 cases (9.18%) showed slight abnormality,42 cases (42.86%) moderate abnormality,47 cases (47.96%) severe abnormality.Eighty-nine cases (90.82%) were diagnosed. Average diagnosed time was(12.3±3.5)hours. The result of CT scan proved massive cerebral infarction 13 cases ( 13.27%)at the first 12 hours,29 cases(29.59%) at the second 12 hours,56 cases(57.14%)at the third 12 hours,81 cases (82.65%)at the fourth 12 hours,89 cases (90.82%)at the fifth 12 hours. Conclusion Ambulatory EEG monitoring in diagnosis of the massive cerebral infarction can almost earlier 12 hours than CT scan,it may win the time for us to begin treatment in the earlier time.


HER2‐targeting antibodies (trastuzumab, pertuzumab) and a HER2‐directed antibody‐drug conjugate (trastuzumab emtansine: T‐DM1) are used for the treatment of HER2‐overexpressing breast cancer. However, these treatments eventually become ineffective due to acquired resistance and there is an urgent need for alternative therapies. TAS0728 is a small‐molecule, irreversible selective HER2 kinase inhibitor. In the present study, we established new in vivo models of cancer resistance by continuous exposure to a combination of trastuzumab and pertuzumab or to T‐DM1 for evaluating the effect of TAS0728 on HER2 antibody‐resistant populations. Treatment with trastuzumab and pertuzumab or with T‐DM1 initially induced tumor regression in NCI‐N87 xenografts. However, tumor regrowth during treatment indicated loss of drug effectiveness. In tumors with acquired resistance to trastuzumab and pertuzumab or to T‐DM1, HER2‐HER3 phosphorylation was retained. Switching to TAS0728 resulted in a significant anti‐tumor effect associated with HER2‐HER3 signal inhibition. No alternative receptor tyrosine kinase activation was observed in these resistant tumors. Furthermore, in a patient‐derived xenograft model derived from breast cancer refractory to both trastuzumab/pertuzumab and T‐DM1, TAS0728 exerted a potent anti‐tumor effect. These results suggest that tumors with acquired resistance to trastuzumab and pertuzumab and to T‐DM1 are still dependent on oncogenic HER2‐HER3 signaling and are vulnerable to HER2 signal inhibition by TAS0728. These results provide a rationale for TAS0728 therapy for breast cancers that are refractory to established anti‐HER2 therapies.


Luminous layers in neon were first discovered in 1923 by Holst and Oosterhuis, and several studies have been reported. In order to understand the principle of the phenomenon, we have observed the spatial distribution of emission intensity and the current-voltage characteristics using a low pressure discharge tube. We have also carried out a Monte-Carlo simulation and found a good agreement between the simulated and measured intensity distributions. It was found that the instability in the negative current-voltage characteristics are related to the change of the number of luminous layers.


Actin polymerization driven stochastic movement of the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes is often measured using single-particle tracking (SPT) methodology and analyzed in terms of statistics. Experimental results suggested a dynamic association between the growing actin filaments and the propelled bacteria. Based on an alternative mathematical formalism for a Brownian ratchet (BR), we introduce such an attractive interaction into the one-dimensional BR model and show that its effect is equivalent to an external resistant force on the bacterium. Such a force significantly reduces the Brownian motion of a driven bacterium, and accentuates the stepping due to polymerization. We then consider the growth, with and without a barrier, of a filamentous bundle consisting of N identical filaments. It is shown that the bundle grows with a similar rate as a single filament in the absence of a load, but can oppose N times the external force under the stalling condition. A set of relationships describing the velocity of the bacterium movement (Vz) and its apparent diffusivity (Dz) as functions of the resistant force (F) and the number of filaments in a bundle (N) are obtained. The theoretical study suggests methods for data analysis in future experiments with applied external resistant force.


What is micellar water? And what is the best way to increase skin water content and moisturization? Dr. Zoe Diana Draelos answers these questions and more in this month's Cosmetic Conundrums.


While the economy is largely doing well, Joe Davis says he remains concerned about rising income inequality across the globe.


A. Export Performance of New Manufactured Goods Between the Korean War and 1960, Indian export earnings stagnated while India's share of world trade declined compared with 1947-49 both in the aggregate and for most major commodities. This was largely a result of domestic macroeconomic policies and discrimination against exports by Indian trade and industrial policies.' Although export earnings declined temporarily during droughts in 1965-67, they increased moderately between 1960 and 1970. The most interesting feature of the Indian export performance in this period was that 43 percent of the net increase in annual export earnings between 1959 and 1969 and the entire net increase between 1963 and 1969 can be attributed


Cooperative photon pair generation by Spontaneous Four-Wave Mixing (SFWM) process in singlechannel and dual-channel side-coupled ring resonator sequences is investigated. Our analysis shows that superlinear growth of generation rate with respect to the number of rings is possible even in presence of loss. Experimental evidence of super-SFWM is provided by comparing individual and collective generation rates obtained from a dual-channel ring resonator sequence. The results are in good agreement with theory and suggest that high photon pair generation rates can be achieved from integrated silicon ring resonator sequences without initiating nonlinear absorption processes.


A disconnect is present between philosophical desire to actively involve caregivers in early intervention (EI) and implementation by EI providers. Preservice education may shape beliefs and build knowledge and skills supporting active participation of caregivers. Two graduate clinicians in speech-language pathology completed a practicum with a two-year-old child, Sam, and his family with half of the sessions including active participation by the caregivers. Analysis of progress notes, individual reflections, and interview transcript yielded clinicians reporting beliefs in collaboration with caregivers and building relationships with caregivers as key to involving caregivers. The clinicians demonstrated knowledge regarding intervention techniques with differences in progress notes based on the presence of the caregiver in sessions. This practicum opportunity promoted development of beliefs, knowledge, and skills about actively involving caregivers in early intervention.


The knowledge of the high-frequency temporal evolution of Direct Normal solar Irradiance (DNI) reaching the ground is a key parameter in the design and operation of Concentrating Solar Thermal Power (CSTP) plants, as instantaneous flickering nature of DNI can affect power system operations in several ways. In this study, a methodology to increase temporal resolution has been applied to increase the frequency of DNI series from 1-hour to 1-minute. This methodology is based in the nondimensionalization of the daily DNI curve by the clear-day envelope approach and uses the solar radiation data obtained in the one-year measurement campaign to characterize the DNI high frequency dynamics at a given site. The evaluation of the method with 2 years of ground measured data in a desert location have resulted in KSI (%) (Kolmogorov–Smirnov test Integral parameter) and normalized root mean square deviation values below 23% and 15% respectively for each month analyzed, with negligible mean bias, demonstrating the accuracy of the methodology. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer review by the scientific conference committee of SolarPACES 2014 under responsibility of PSE AG.


Abstract On March 14, 1981, John D. (JD) and Vanetta Moore and Peter and Marilyn Mygatt made a discovery which may well become a dinosaur quarry without rival; besides several new species already having been found, the quarry — which has been named after its discoverers — is only a few hundred feet off an interstate highway, and has its own interchange. This is the story of that discovery.


Developing agriculture by relying on science and education must be accelerated to set up the new system in China, suitable for socialist market economy, as well as its operational mechanism and multiplied investment mechanism. Meanwhile, in order to speed up the execution of the strategy for developing agriculture by relying on science and education, and promote sustainable, stable and rapid development of agriculture and rural economy, farmland system and agriculture management should be perfected, scientific and technological factors should be increased.


Over the last 30 years the use of the operating microscope has changed the pattern of ear, nose and throat surgery, not only in relation to the ear, but also In other regions of the specialty. A description of these advances is presented in the hope that surgeons of other specialties may be encouraged to see the benefits which can be gained from having a well‐lighted magnified surgical field.


On Nov. 7, Burma went to the polls for the first time since May 1990. The previous elections were won by a landslide by Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD). However, the military regime, which has ruled the country in one form or another since 1962, refused to hand over power. The generals chose instead to initiate a drawn-out constitutiondrafting process, which culminated in a charter consolidating the military's leading role in politics, and guaranteeing the army 25 percent of seats in parliament.


Late in the year 1028, Adémar de Chabannes embarked on an ambitious and audacious project to create a new liturgy for the Feast of Saint Martial that would venerate its honoree as an apostle. It is difficult to exaggerate the monstrous nature of the venture and the claim it supported. The historical Martial was well known from the works of Gregory of Tours, the sixth-century historian, as a third-century Roman missionary to Aquitaine and first bishop of Limoges. There his burial place became an important pilgrimage destination and the eventual site of a Benedictine monastery founded in Martial's memory. Adémar, with the full support of the abbot, Odolric, and monks of the abbey of Saint-Martial, and Bishop Jordan of Limoges, sought to transform the historical Martial into a first-century Jew, younger cousin of Simon Peter, an intimate of Jesus himself, whom he served at the Last Supper, Saint Peter's personal delegate to Gaul, and a saint of apostolic rank.


Female Baladi goats were used to investigate the toxicological effects of 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on some serum hormones andblood features. Animals were divided into two groups, group 1: served as control, group 2: animals were orallyadministeredwith three repeated doses (0.23µg/Kg body weight) of TCDD with 2 days intervalbetween dosing. Results revealed that exposure toTCDD induced reduction in serum estradiol, progesterone and prolactin levels and elevation in glucocorticoid hormone cortisol throughout the different studied periods (48h, 96h and 16 days commenced the last intoxicated dose). The adverse impact of TCDD on goat reproductive hormones was confirmed by histopatholgical observations on their uteri and ovaries after 16 days commenced the last intoxicated dose. Intoxication of goats with TCDD showed also marked decreases in hemoglobin (Hb) concentrat ion, red blood cell count (RBC) , packed cellvolume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) OriginalResearch Article


The importance of occlusion to practicing dentists is immense as it plays a key role in the success or failure of restorative procedures. This article attempts to demystify and present an overview of the complex topic of occlusion and its principles which are important for the success of restorative procedures. The article discusses the principles of occlusion as these apply to restorative dentistry. It provides a guide as to what is required to optimize the occlusion for restorative treatment outcomes, including conformative and reorganized approaches. Occlusion and its effect on the temporomandibular joint are also presented. The topic is clinically relevant as it will help the practitioners to understand the key concepts of occlusion and help improve the outcome of their restorative dental procedures.


Objective To investigate the association between CYP3A4*1Ggene polymorphism and the drug interaction of nifedipine and atorvastatin among the patients.Methods A total of 150patients with coronary artery disease(CAD)and high blood pressure(HBP)were enrolled.All patients received nifedipine and atorvastatin.Total serum cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein(LDL),triglycerides(TG),and high density lipoprotein(HDL)were assessed 4 weeks after administration.Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)method was applied to detect CYP3A4*1Ggene polymorphism.Results The effects of atorvastatin on lowering TC and LDL in the patients with nifedipine was better than those without nifedipine in CYP3A4*1G genetype(P0.05).However,the difference of TG and HDL wasn′t observed in mutant type(P0.05).What′s more,nifedipine didn′t influence the effect of atorvastatin on lipid modification in wild type(P0.05).Conclusions Nifedipine could significantly increase the effect of Atorvastatin on lipid modification in wild type of CYP3A4,but the drug interaction wasn′t observed in CYP3A4*1Ggenetype.


The existing infrared spectroscopic data for the isotopomers of water [H2O, D2O, (HOD)2, and HOD] decoupled in cubic ice at 90 K are reviewed and combined with new results to complete the infrared data for the internal vibrational modes. An assignment of the observed absorption bands, including the perturbed Fermi diads for νs in resonance with 2ν2, that largely follows established views is offered. This assignment is shown to be internally self‐consistent by the analysis of the Fermi diads within a single framework based on the simplest representation of the effects of Fermi resonance and using the Burneau–Corset value for the Fermi‐interaction parameter appropriate to cubic ice (60 cm−1 for H2O). It is shown that the inclusion of the decoupled‐HOD diads significantly lowers the estimated value of νs for H2O and, consequently, allows the downshift of this mode to the observed frequency value (3225 cm−1), through resonance with 2ν2 (where ν2=1735 cm−1), to be closely modeled using the relatively small Fer...


Narrative is an important factor of a web drama, and a good narrative strategy can attract audiences and promote web dramas towards excellence. Taking web dramas with a Douban score of 8 or above from 2019 to date as an example. Douban is a community website. It started as a book and video site, providing information about books, films, music and other works, both descriptions and reviews provided by users. This paper explores and deciphers the narrative strategies of quality Chinese web dramas, using the content analysis method and case study method to explore the development background, narrative content and narrative structure of Chinese web dramas in three aspects. The bold innovation in narrative content and structure of quality Chinese web dramas expands the public's vision and enhances the audience's aesthetics, while making the cultural connotation of web dramas richer and more diversified.


The linewidth- and thermal-dependent spectral shift of silicon MZI is 0.75 nm/nm and 80 pm/K. Those values are reduced to −1.55 pm/nm and −1 pm/K simultaneously by applying Si and SiN waveguides on two arms of MZI.


SummaryThe main sinks for 14 C-labelled photosynthates from individual leaves after the assimilation of 14CO2 were the bulbs and foliage. The young expanding leaves did not export 14C, and the roots and leaves were insignificant sinks from higher order leaves. In a bolting plant the radiocarbon products were recovered mostly from bulbs (51%) and the inflorescence (18%). When the whole foliage was treated with 14CO2 and the fate of 14C-labelled assimilates assessed after 24 h, and thereafter at weekly intervals, it was found that bulbs initially imported 14% of 14C. The proportion of radiocarbon recovered from the bulbs then increased each week, reaching a peak value of 78% six weeks after supplying 14CO2. The proportion of 14 C in the roots relative to the whole plant was between 4% and 10%, stems being insignificant sinks during most of the investigation.The distribution of labelled assimilates in twin bulbed plants showed that the foliage was the major sink, followed by bulbs and roots. Plants from twin...


How to determine the number of unlawful possession crime is a complex problem. It should be deemed as a preparatory crime if the evidence shows that the objective of the possession is to commit a follow-up crime. It should not be deemed as an unlawful possession crime if the evidence shows that the possession is the result of committing a proceeding crime. Except for the above situations, can the judicial organs convict an unlawful possession an independent crime. There will be combined punishment for plural crimes if a possession has nothing to do with the proceeding and the follow-up crime in logics or in facts.


Summary Blood containing microfilariae has been successfully transported from various laboratories to London. This blood was used to infect mosquitoes with filarial parasites by means of a membrane feeding system. Brugia malayi, Wuchereria bancrofti and Dirofilaria immitis have been successfully transported in this way.


The genome-wide eSGA genetic screen was carried out essentially as previously reported [1]. The raw colony size fitness measurements from the newly performed 124 eSGA genetic screens were normalized and processed into S-scores essentially as described in our previous genome-wide study [1]. Each genome-wide screen was performed twice by replica pinning the conjugants arrayed in a 384 density format using four biological replicate recipient colonies, which is selected further on double antibiotics at 1,536 colony density, to generate double mutant colonies. These eight replicate measurements of each gene pair were subsequently averaged into a single GI S-score to account for colony plate variance. This newly derived GI score was then combined with our previously published GI datasets from 39 genome-wide screens to generate a comprehensive GI network. We also subsequently removed all gene pairs with a chromosomal distance of 10 kb on either side of the donor query loci to account for linkage effects that are known to cause false positives [1]. The filtered GI interaction data was Z-score normalized and thresholded at a cutoff value of |2|, corresponding to a p-value ≤ 0.05 and a GI S-score of ≤-3.3 for aggravating and ≥ 3.1 for alleviating interactions.


The Nile Nyabarongo, which is Rwanda's largest river, is facing stress from both human activities and climate change. These factors have a substantial contribution to the water processes, making it difficult to effectively manage water resources. To address this issue, it is important to find out the most accurate techniques for simulating hydrological processes. This study aimed to calibrate the SWAT model employing various algorithms such as GLUE, ParaSol, and SUFI-2 for the simulation of hydrology in the basin of the Nile Nyabarongo River. Different data sources, such as DEM, Landsat images, soil data, and daily meteorological data, were utilized to input information into the SWAT modeling process. To divide the basin area effectively, 25 sub-basins were created, with due consideration of soil characteristics and the diverse land cover. The outcomes point out that SUFI-2 outperformed the other algorithms for SWAT calibration, requiring fewer computing model runs and producing the best results. ParaSol established residing the least effective algorithm. After calibration with SUFI-2, the most sensitive parameters for modeling were revealed to be (1) the Effective Channel Hydraulic Conductivity (CH K2) measuring how well water can flow through a channel, with higher values indicating better conductivity, (2) Manning's n value (CH N2) representing the roughness or resistance to flow within the channel, with smaller values suggesting a smoother channel, (3) Surface Runoff Lag Time (SURLAG) quantifying the delay between rainfall and the occurrence of surface runoff, with shorter values indicating faster runoff response, (4) the Universal Soil-Loss Equation (USLE P) estimating the amount of soil loss. The average evapotranspiration within the basin was calculated to be 559.5 mma-1. These calibration results are important for decision-making and updating policies related to water balance management in the basin.


Abstract— Phase‐fluorometer measurements of the fluorescence lifetime, τ, from chlorophyll in Chlorella, Bishop's 8 and 11 Scenedesmus mutants, sugarbeet leaf and chloroplast fragments demonstrate that: τ is independent of modulation frequency at 27 and 14 mc. in the experimental‐wavelength range from 650 to 735 nm (with blue or blue‐green excitation); with Chlorelfa and chloroplast fragments τ rises hyperbolically with intensity to τmax about 2 nsec and 0·7 nsec respectively; DCMU poisoned Chlorella and sugarbeet leaf as well as the mutants have τ values near 2 nsec; the lifetime‐incident intensity relationship for Chlorella and chloroplast fragments is quantitatively similar to the incident‐intensity dependence of fluorescence yield and oxygen evolution and thus supports the hypothesis that these three measuring variables are controlled by the concentration of 'open' trapping systems; τ is independent of emission wave‐length to suggest that fluorescence is dominated by a single chlorophyll species. The reaction velocity‐lifetime correlation indicates that fluorescence behavior is directly controlled by system II.


Mobile devices use is undergoing rapid growth. Foreign language teachers shouldn't ignore the opportunities that mobile devices offer to language learners, especially in contexts where the contact with the target language is not easily done. Research in L2 acquisition has demonstrated the importance of interaction to improve oral skills in languages. This study explores the use of mobile devices in Portuguese L2 learning with two groups of students of the lectureship Camões IP in Bangkok. Two projects of development of oral skills were implemented: (i) one telecollaboration project with speakers of Portuguese from Escola Portuguesa de Díli and (ii) one project using podcast distributed aiming at improving reading skills. The projects lasted around three months. During that time, participants developed the related activities with their devices and shared their perceptions about the experience. In this case study, data was collected through questionnaires and interviews during the projects implementation as well as during the final stage. The study reports that students have positive perceptions when using their mobile devices in an informal context of language learning due to the usefulness of the activities they had to carry out. The fact of having additional forms of learning always available and accessible was also underlined. The study also reports that the smartphone is the preferred device to undertake oral tasks, namely to listen to podcasts and to interact with partner students.


Objective : to study the pathogenesis and to illustrate clinical cases of postaddictive hypochondriasis developing after severe psychopathological panic-like attacks. Material and methods . 3 patients with borderline psychic conditions undergoing treatment in the neurosis wards were included into the study. The methods of the study were psychopathological, anamnestic, clinical, and dynamical. Results . The study has exposed a complex structure of anxious and panic-like attacks which meets the criteria of existential crisis in the personality dynamics of constitutional anomalies with the pathologic drives and development of postaddictive hypochondriasis. Conclusion . The study has showed that postaddictive hypochondriasis belongs to the cluster of personality disorders.


Precision density measurements were performed at 25°C on Na‐DNA‐Na2SO4 mixtures in the presence of either 0.005 m cacodylic acid buffer (pH 6.8) or in the presence of 0.1 m NaOH (pH 12.3). From measurements executed under equilibrium dialysis conditions, the so‐called "density increments" (∂ρ/∂c2)μ0 for native (pH 6.8), heat‐denatured (pH 6.8), and alkali‐denatured (pH 12.6) Na‐DNA were evaluated as a function of Na2SO4 concentration. (∂ρ/∂c2)μ0 for native DNA was found to decrease almost linearly with ionic strength I1/2 of the supporting electrolyte. The density increment for Na‐DNA at pH 12.6, on the other hand, increases in more or less linear fashion with I1/2. (∂ρ/∂c2)μ0 for heat‐denatured DNA at pH 6.8 is not affected very much by increasing salt strength. From density measurements performed on the Na‐DNA–Na2SO4 mixtures at fixed concentrations of diffusible components, the partial specific volumes ν2° of native (pH 6.8), heat‐denatured (pH 6.8), and alkali‐denatured (pH 12.6) Na‐DNA were determined as a function of Na2SO4 concentration. All ν2° values, irrespective of the secondary structure of the DNA, increase with increasing salt concentration although the increase for heat denatured DNA (pH 6.8) is barely noticeable. ν2° of both native and heat‐denatured DNA (pH 6.8) extrapolates to a value of 0.50o ml/g at vanishing salt concentration; ν2° of DNA in 0.1 m NaOH, on the other hand, assumes the value 0.2o ml/g.


Objective:Constructing retroviral vector of small hairpin RNA(shRNA) targeting human transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),establishing stable infected HPV16 positive cervical cancer cell lines,to further explore the role of STAT3 in the development of HPV16 positive cervical cancer. Methods:Design and synthetise three siRNA sequences targeting STAT3,then select one with best gene interference effect,and construct STAT3-shRNA vector,pSUPERretro-puroSTAT3. The recombinant plasmid was transfected into packaging cell line 293 FT and then infected into HPV16 positive cervical cancer cell line SiHa and CaSki cells. Cells were selected with puromycin for 2 weeks,passaged around every 3 days,and named with SiHa/STAT3-sh and CaSki/STAT3-sh. Expression of STAT3 was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) and western blotting. Results:The knockdown of the expression of STAT3 mRNA was over 99%(P0.01),that of the expression of STAT3 total protein was over 70%(P0.01) and that of the expression of STAT3 phosphorylated protein was over 78%(P0.01) in both SiHa/STAT3-sh and CaSki/STAT3-sh cells. Conclusions:HPV16positive cervical cancer cell lines with stable silence of STAT3 were successfully established.


The article is devoted to the issue of the activities of the American consul of the United States of America in the years of the existence of the Ukrainian National Republic, and also provides a historiographical analysis of works devoted to this problem (in particular, the works of I. Matyash, I. Datskiv, A. Pavlyuk, etc.). The author notes that with the proclamation by the Central Rada of the Third universal, which created the Ukrainian National Republic, the Ukrainian Central Rada was faced with the task of establishing external relations with various countries, including the United States of America. However, before the outbreak of World War I, the concept of "Ukrainian question" and "Ukraine" was "terra incognita" for Washington, which was primarily explained by the isolationist policies of the American government.

In its foreign policy, the United States has traditionally been guided by the idea of federalism in questions about the approaches of the state system. The United States did not pursue a separate course towards Ukraine. Washington viewed it as a component of its policy towards Russia. In the US attitude toward the Ukrainian National Republic, the reluctance to complicate the political choice for America was outweighed. There was fear that an inaccurately chosen priority would lead to an unwelcome conflict with Russia. It is stated that as the United States did not carry out a separate course towards Ukraine, so the leaders of the Central Rada did not develop a clear position towards the United States. However, the situation that developed at the end of 1917 made the American diplomatic community "look" at the situation in Ukraine. That is why the American consul Douglas Jenkins was sent to "assess" the capabilities of the young state. Douglas Jenkins had clear instructions from the ambassador to do nothing, in the absence of a further word from Washington that could be interpreted as recognition of the Ukrainian Council.

Particular attention is paid to the analysis of his seven reports, which the consul sent to the US State Department through the Consulate General in Moscow, and which is an important source in understanding the Ukrainian situation in late 1917 – early 1918.


ABSTRACT This experimental study explored the impact of representation + glossary label visuals on science outcomes in a sample of 174 Grade 7 English learners (ELs). Analysis of covariance results indicated that, regardless of English proficiency, ELs in both treatment and control conditions performed similarly on reading comprehension (p = .26) and triggered interest (p = .65) measures, with a trend in means favoring the no-visuals, control group. These findings suggest that, although recommended by the literature, representation + glossary label visuals for ELs may be associated with deleterious (seductive details) rather than beneficial (dual coding) effects. Additional research is needed on higher-level visuals (organization, interpretation, transformation) to identify visual accommodations most effective in supporting ELs' science learning. Regression analysis results indicated that triggered situational interest predicted science reading comprehension above and beyond English language proficiency, suggesting the importance of instructionally stimulating this interest type. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.


Many structural elements are subjected to the effects of combined torsional and flexural movements. This paper presents an extension of an existing simplified method for combined stress-resultants model. The extension is used for the design and analysis of reinforced and partially- and fully-prestressed concrete beams subjected to combined torsional and bending moments. The interaction between torsion and flexure is achieved by superposing the steel required for the two moments. The observed ultimate loads of 111 beams are compared with the calculations of the proposed model. This includes comparing interaction diagrams and the effects of concrete strength, stirrups spacing, and T-beam flange width on the ultimate capacity. Very good agreement was obtained. The calculations by the American Concrete Institute code equations are also evaluated and shown to give satisfactory and, in some cases, overly conservative, results. Design and analysis examples are used to demonstrate the simplicity of the proposed model.


We are presenting a new method for super resolution tracking of frequency modulated sinusoids in white noise. The method is specifically designed to handle the rapid transient problem, i.e. the problem of tracking a continuous, rapidly changing instantaneous frequency contour. The proposed method employs two components: 1) an adaptive generalized scale transform 1,2 which applies a localized change of time-frequency coordinates within the given signal, and 2) an estimation of signal parameters by rotational invariance techniques3 (ESPRIT). With experiments we have shown that the proposed method provides a significantly higher estimation accuracy than conventional methods.3 With an optimal choice of transform parameters the estimation error can be reduced dramatically. Error reductions of over 40% have been observed.


Abstract This article reviews basic sociometric tools and their analysis, provides information on computer programs to analyze sociornetric data, and briefly examines considerations in conducting sociometric investigations.


Abstract An investigation was carried out using 25 natural water samples from N arayanganj district, Bangladesh to examine the quality of both groundwater and surface water in relation to pollution and the suitability of these waters for irrigation. High concentrations of Na, Ca, Mg, HCO3, and CI ions were recorded in all the tested samples. Significant variations in the values of electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), and major ions were observed. Some samples contained high levels of EC (0.184 to 1.624 dS m−1 at 25°C) that revealed the presence of soluble salts which could cause crust formation and seal development of the soil profile due to the chemical and mechanical action of test water, and reduce infiltration rate. The average concentrations of Ca and Mg were 78.15 and 16.55 mg L−1. Higher amounts of Ca and Mg ions contributed to the water hardness in some samples. Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and the amount of residual sodium carbonate (RSC) ranged from 0.14 to 4.09 and −7.62 to 0.11 meq L−1, respectively, values within the safety limit. Soluble sodium percentage (SSP) ranging from 6.31 to 64.46, graded as excellent to doubtful. The latter category might be unsuitable for crop production and irrigation. The most serious hazard was represented by the contamination with highly soluble Na that could cause a salinity problem in the soil environment and decrease crop yields.


The article presents the review of sources on the history of the Imperial Court Ministry of pre revolutionary Russia. Types of basic historical sources on the history of the department are analyzed.


The urban development mode of relying on resources consumption and pollutant emission,which has promoted economic prosperity,is dragging the country into the quagmire of resource over-consumption and environmental degradation.In response to the challenges of resources and environment face rapid urbanization,Chinese cities should shift to the way of green development.With combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses,we build up the environmental performance evaluation system,and get the green city indexes of 58 cities in China and 25 cities abroad,which are used to analyze and examine the differences in the performance of urban green development between domestic cities and abroad,to point out the existing problems and future direction for urban green development.


We were particularly impressed by the recent article, vascular toxicities of cancer therapies.1 We agree on the importance of a careful baseline evaluation of cancer patients by cardiooncologists to quantify the likelihood of subsequent cardiovascular toxicities. The vulnerability of the endothelium should be considered in defining cardiovascular …


The Isles of Scilly form an archipelago some 27 miles (43 km) WSW of Land's End, Cornwall, and lie within an oval area about 12 miles (19km) SW-NE and 5 miles (8km) NW-SE. Five islands (St Mary's, Tresco, St Martin's, Bryher and Agnes; Fig. I) are inhabited, most of the permanent population of 2,000-plus being on St Mary's. Some 40 further smaller isles bear vegetation, several with signs of former occupation, and there are several hundred more descending to mere rocks and reefs. The total exposed land surface at HWNT is c. 3,900 acres (1,600 ha). Scilly is almost entirely granite, the lowlying area between the isles being mainly a fine, white, granite-derived sand. Scilly is also the most southerly detached landmass of Britain and is botanically just within the extreme northern range of various species (Lousley, 1971). The islands are constitutionally quite separate from Cornwall, with a divergent recent social history (best accounts: Matthews, 1960; Gill, 1975). and a separate, only partly Celtic, linguistic one (cf. Thomas, 1979b), relevant here where place-names can reflect physical development. The archaeology of Scilly, first brought to wider notice by Borlase (1756), has long centred around the inordinate number of post-neolithic entrance-grave cairns (Hencken, 1932; Daniel, 1950), and has only recently been accorded a full length study (Ashbee, 1974).


This project dealt with Computer Aided Orthopedic Surgery (CAOS) and it was carried out for theUEgroup, San Jose (USA) between February 2006 and June 2006. The aim of this project has been to dev ...


Usually, a medical record (MR) contains the patients' disease-oriented sensitive information. In addition, the MR needs to be shared among different bodies, e.g., diagnostic centres, hospitals, physicians, etc. Hence, retaining the privacy and integrity of MR is crucial. A blockchain based secure MR sharing system can manage these aspects properly. This paper proposes a blockchain based electronic (e-) MR sharing scheme that (i) considers the medical image and the text as the input, (ii) enriches the data privacy through a two-fold encryption mechanism consisting of an asymmetric cryptosystem and the dynamic DNA encoding, (iii) assures data integrity by storing the encrypted e-MR in the distinct block designated for each user in the blockchain, and (iv) eventually, enables authorized entities to regain the e-MR through decryption. Preliminary evaluations, analyses, comparisons with state-of-the-art works, etc., imply the efficacy of the proposed scheme.


The atopic or type 1 (Gell and Coombs, 1963) variety of allergy to animal hair and dander is well recognized as a cause of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Hypersensitivity to the hair of various animals probably follows that to house-dust mites and to grass pollen in order of frequency as a cause of extrinsic asthma in Britain, particularly in children. This report presents four cases of asthma, one of them fatal, seen at this unit in recent years that were apparently due to hypersensitivity to the hair of hamsters kept as domestic pets. The patients were previously healthy adults in the fourth and fifth decades. The cases demonstrate the allergenic properties of the animal and draw attention to the possibility that asthma, even in adults having no previous history of atopy, may have an extrinsic cause.


A facile and efficient method for synthesis of symmetric 1,3,5-triarylbenzenes is presented; six symmetric 1,3, 5-triarylbenzenes was obtained from their corresponding substituted acetophenones in the presence of thionyl chloride in anhydrous ethanol.


The fin stabilizer is used to reduce the roll motion of ship at zero speed, which is a new application of fin stabilizer. In order to study the process of lift generation of fin stabilizer at zero speed, the model of lift generation of Weis-Fogh flapped fin stabilizer is built based on the cascade theory of Weis-Fogh flapping-wings by the conformal representation and the process of lift generation is simulated. The complex potential of Weis-Fogh flapped fin stabilizer is calculated according to the potential flow theory and the singular integrals. The result shows that the Weis-Fogh flapped fin stabilizer could produce larger lift at zero speed at initial stages of start-up. The hydrodynamic of flapped fin stabilizer is very good indeed. The lift model can be used as references to research more on the ship anti roll at zero speed later. This project has been supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China


In this study,the total flavonoids of Oxytropis kansuensis,O.ochrocephala,O.glabra,O.glocialis and O.deflixa were determined through qualitative analysis of colour reaction and quantitative analysis of ultraviolet spectrophotometry,with rutin as control.The results showed that flavonoids existed in 5 crazyweed herbs.A maximum absorption peak appeared at wave length 274 nm and completely overlaped for both testing and control sample.In addition,there was a significant difference of total flavonoids among different species of crazyweed herbs,the total flavonoids content was from 9.7 mg/g to 33.85 mg/g,the order of total flavonoids from high to low is as followed: O.kansuensis,O.glabra,O.deflixa,O.ochrocephala and O.glocialis.Extracted with petroleum ether made the result of determination more accurate.


Introduction
Bulgarian people in rural areas have a tradition of using herbal medicine as household remedies,
due partly to the scarcity of pharmaceuticals during the Soviet era. As part of a field ...


The work of Viswanathan and others in recent years has raised serious questions about jet noise databases such as that of Tanna - the two underlying concerns being noise contamination and the effect of Reynolds number - and as a result it has been argued that the effects of temperature have been misunderstood in the past. In this paper, we have compared the Tanna data with that of QinetiQ [1983], which has a similar nozzle size and hence Reynolds number to that of the data of Viswanathan and although we find similar differences, we argue there are other reasons for this. Apart from extensive rig validation, Tanna & Morris repeated their static tests with a simulated flight stream and a substantial flight effect was observed. This would not have been possible if there had been significant noise contamination. In fact, these differences are more likely due to some other effect related to comparing data from two different facilities and/or two different nozzles, as shown by Bridges & Brown and discussed in depth by Harper-Bourne at this conference. It is concluded the available experimental evidence still strongly indicates the presence of an additional dipole source due to heating that scales on the sixth power of jet velocity. A brief review of recent flow-acoustic interaction computations based on the Lilley-Goldstein equation has confirmed that flowacoustic interactions cannot be the main reason for the effects of heating at low velocity ratios even though the quadrupole source in sheared flow is clearly 'amplifying' the sound radiation at low frequencies. Finally convective amplification effects are briefly considered in both isothermal and heated jets


: With an ever increasing number of connected devices, network intrusion detection is more important than ever. Over the past few decades, several datasets were created to address this security issue. Analysis of older datasets, such as KDD-Cup99 and NSL-KDD, uncovered problems, paving the way for newer datasets that solved the identified issues. Among the recent datasets for network intrusion detection, CIC-IDS2017 is now widely used. It presents the advantage of being available as raw data and as flow-based features in CSV files. In this paper, we analyze this dataset in detail and report several problems we discovered in the flows extracted from the network packets. To address these issues, we propose a new feature extraction tool called LycoSTand, available as open source. We create LYCOS-IDS2017 dataset by extracting features from CIC-IDS2017 raw data files. The performance comparison between the original and the new datasets shows significant improvements for all machine learning algorithms we tested. Beyond the improvements on CICIDS2017, we discuss other datasets that are affected by the same problems and for which LycoSTand could be used to generate improved network intrusion detection datasets.


Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by either viruses or bacteria. The viruses can broadly cause central nervous system infections. As the viral encephalitis with severe complications can be life-threatening it has raised global concerns. Depending on the pathogen, host immunity and the environment in which patient live, the expansion of brain involvement and prognosis of this disease would be different. Coronaviruses are pathogens that typically involve respiratory and gastrointestinal system. Although rare, the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) can probably involve central nervous system and cause neurological symptoms such as headache, seizure, myopathy and impaired consciousness. The viral neurotropic and neuroinvasive characteristics of some coronaviruses facilitate accessing the nervous system through nasal cavity and cause some neurological disorders like encephalitis, demyelination and neurodegeneration disorders. Here we present two cases that according their history, manifestations and laboratory data confirmed COVID-19 followed fatal viral encephalitis.


Increasing energy cost, reducing the available volume of the conventional fuel and environmental constraints with respect to the emission of the pollutants lead to energy saving as one of the most crucial objectives in the petrochemical plants. Here, both conceptual design (for reducing the fixed cost) and pinch analysis (for reducing the energy cost) of the ethyl benzene production unit are run. An attempt is made to propose a process for ethyl benzene production with only one alkylation reactor instead of two (available in the conventional process). Comparison between the proposed process (integrated reactors) and the conventional process (with two alkylation reactors), reveals an18GJ/h decrease in energy consumption and about 15% in equipment cost. Pinch analysis is run for both the processes and it is found that the energy consumption by this proposed process and the conventional process are reduced from 237.5 GJ/h to 143.87 GJ/h and 255.5 GJ/h to 190.9 GJ/h, respectively. The results indicate that energy consumption in this proposed process is lower than the conventional process before and after pinch analysis.


So far, the overall performance track record for corporate mergers and acquisitions has not been very encouraging. Both the academic and trade literature report that on average the gains to stockholders of acquiring companies tend to be small or non‐ existent.


Aqueous leaf extracts and residues from sweet (cv. "Booyu") and puckery persimmon (cv. "Daebong") cultivars were bioassayed against alfalfa (Medicago sativa) or barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) seedlings to determine their allelopathic effects. A significant inhibition on alfalfa root growth were observed with increasing of treated concentration or amount. Root growth was more inhibitory to the aqueous extracts than hypocotyl growth did. Incorporation of leaf dry matters of persimmon into a synthetic soil significantly reduced seedling growth of barnyardgrass. Antioxidant activities measured by Rancimat method, TBA (2-thiobarbituric acid) method and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl- 2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging activity for the ground samples or methanol extracts in 'Booyu' were greater than in "Daebong", although those were less than those of ascorbic acid and BHT. These results suggest that persimmon leaves had allelopathic potential as well as antioxidant activity, and their activities were differently exhibited depending on cultivar


A 30-year-old woman, previously well, presented to an outside hospital after being found lying on her bedroom floor, with a history of confusion, headache, deja vu and fever. She had been discharged the day before having had normal investigations for headache, including a CT and MR scans, both read as normal. Laboratory studies showed a urinary tract infection with leucocytosis, but she was afebrile. She was discharged home with medications to treat her urinary tract infection and headache.

During a second presentation to the outside hospital, her cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed a pleocytosis and she was started on acyclovir, empirically to treat viral encephalitis. EEG showed right-sided sharp waves. Her neurological condition further deteriorated and she was intubated for airway protection and transferred to the Presbyterian Hospital. On examination, she was …


ndoubtedly, mental and physical well-being has been strongly linked with each other and proven connections exist between the two facets even after controlling for the confounding factors (1). In the context of these findings, the emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its declaration as a pandemic and global public health concern by the World Health Organization, (2,3) there has been an enormous degree of emotional and psychological crisis at the community level. As COVID-19 is a novel disease having a devastating, widespread and swift global spread, unquestionably, an intense anxiety, confusion and dread is prevalent among the general public. Looking at the various whys and wherefores of this trepidation, social stigma associated with the disease, the constant discussion on the pandemic status on electronic, print and social media, with reports of increasing number of cases and deaths, bombardment of myths along with false news are some of the major factors. Resultantly, people are feeling more and more emotionally exhausted and vulnerable (4). Among the health care professionals, contributory elements include a shortage of personal protective equipment, higher risk of contact, moral predicaments, extreme job assignments, commitments, being over-concerned about themselves and their families, a rapidly evolving work environment, and guidelines which majority of them is unfamiliar with (4,5). Other emotional stressors comprise non-availability of specific treatment or vaccine for COVID-19 infection. Moreover, in conjunction with the economic and financial stresses, shortage of resources and daily commodities further increase the trend of panic buying. Among the masses, the opportunities to vent out their misery have been limited due to the worldover lockdown state as societal shifts like social distancing, isolation, self-quarantine and travel bans pose a significant distress in the form of anxiety, anguish and symptoms of post-traumatic stress (4). The strong effects of this level of mental commotion on the bodily health have been well defined in literature as early as the 3rd century B.C, during which the work by the Greek philosophers, Aristotle and Socrates proposed attentive discourse regarding the deep-rooted connections between psychological and physiological processes. Since then, the negative somatic effects related with psychological ill-health such as anxiety and depression have been well documented. In view of this finding, a current paradigm shift in the arena of public health and medical expertise has expanded its emphasis by pinpointing and considering those protective psychological properties that may channelize the preservation or promotion of greater physical health and endurance. (6) The central nervous system, endocrine and immune systems are intricately connected, with stress and emotional disturbance leading to deregulation of immune responses. Firstly, chronic stressors can suppress the innate and acquired immunity by causing imbalance of the type 1/type 2 cytokine response, thereby overriding the immune-protective cells.(7) Secondly, the immunosuppressive nature of U Psychological Concerns and Effects on Immune Responses amidst Covid-19 Pandemic


The nomenclature of organic substances is one of the most important and difficult contents in the teaching of organic chemistry.In this paper, the concepts are introduced on microteaching, the aspects are studied of the teaching processes and teaching significances of the microteaching bilingual teachings in the nomenclature of organic substances.


A study has been carried out to develop a multipurpose pipe frame implement for tillage, sowing, interculturing and digging operations in sandy loam deep soils of middle Gujarat Agro-climatic Zone-III. During the field testing, cost of cultivation was Rs.2063.88/ha for local implements, while for the multipurpose implement it was Rs. 1471.17/ha. Thus multipurpose implement save, Rs.592.71/ha in addition to time and 52.19% lower investment over traditional implement. The hourly cost of a pair of bullock was Rs.39.62.


The invention relates to a method for preparing total alkaloid from macleaya cordata and further separating the total alkaloid to obtain high content alkaloid, particularly a preparation method for high content sanguinarine and chelerythrine. The preparation method comprises: atomizing and extracting a macleaya cordata raw material by acid water, adsorbing and eluting an extraction liquid by weakly polar macroporous resin, and recovering a solvent from an eluant and drying the eluant to obtain the total alkaloid, the content of which is not less than 60%; dissolving the total alkaloid in low-degree ethanol, carrying out secondary adsorption by using polar macroporous resin, carrying out stepwise elution by using 60% and 80% ethanol, and recovering a solvent from an eluant and drying the eluant to separately obtain the chelerythrine and the sanguinarine, the contents of which are not less than 90%. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple in process step, short in production period, high in product yield and less in use level of solvent, the environment is slightly polluted, and the obtained product is high in content, stable in quality and low in cost.


Abstract Bone particles were isolated from hand deboned turkey meat, sawed turkey carcasses, and mechanically deboned turkey meat. The turkey meat was solubilized by digestion with papain and the bone separated from other non-digestible material using a carbon tetrachloride:acetone mixture. Bone meal was also utilized in this study for comparative purposes. Photomicrographs were taken of isolated bone particles to determine their characteristics and size. Largest bone particles were separated from hand-deboned turkey meat (average diameter 513 μ). Bone particles from mechanically deboned turkey meat (average diameter 233 μ) were substantially smaller than those observed from hand deboned sources. Bone meal was observed to have the smallest average particle size (average diameter 83 μ). Particles from sawed carcasses were similar in size to those found in mechanically deboned turkey meat. Photomicrographs indicated that particles were generally amorphous in nature.


INTRODUCTION
Patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) need adjuvant intravesical treatment after surgery. Although bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is highly effective, new adjuvant treatments to decrease recurrences and toxicity have been studies. We performed a retrospective propensity score-matched study to compare the efficacy of BCG and chemohyperthermia (C-HT).

METHODS
We included 1937 patients diagnosed with bladder cancer between January 2004 and January 2014. The primary efficacy endpoint was recurrence-free interval. Patients treated with C-HT were matched with patients treated with BCG using propensity score-matched analysis. Cox-regression models were used to estimate the association between intravesical treatments and the presence of recurrence and progression.

RESULTS
Of the 710 patients treated with intravesical treatments, 40 and 142 were eligible for inclusion in C-HT and BCG groups, respectively. Following case matching, there were no differences in patient or tumour characteristics between treatment groups. The 2-year recurrence-free interval in C-HT and BCG groups were 76.2% and 93.9%, respectively (p = 0.020). C-HT treatment (hazard ratio [HR] 5.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-26.43; p = 0.036) and high-grade tumour (HR 4.60; 95% CI 1.01-20.88; p = 0.048) are associated with an elevated odds of tumour recurrence. In multivariate Cox-regression analysis, there was no significant difference between C-HT and BCG in the odds of recurrence (p = 0.054). There were no differences in progression between C-HT and BCG.

CONCLUSION
C-HT is not as effective treatment as BCG in high-risk NMIBC patients who are BCG-naive. Although, there were no significant difference in the odds of recurrence, recurrence-free interval is significantly improved by the administration of BCG.


Previous studies investigating cultural differences in organizational commitment have produced mixed results, primarily owing to methodological problems. Such studies have assumed that organizational commitment has the same meaning across cultures and have compared the mean level of commitment across cultures using instruments developed in one, typically an individualistic culture. The main argument of this study was that culture influences the meaning of the commitment employees feel towards their organizations rather than the intensity. To understand how individual differences in cultural values of individualism and collectivism (idiocentrism and allocentrism, respectively) are reflected in the meaning of organizational commitment, the relationship between organizational commitment and turnover intentions was examined in the Turkish context. In Study 1, several emic organizational commitment items were generated by in-depth interviews with Turkish employees and were added to the scales by Meyer, Allen a...


Seed production and release of Apostichopus japonicus is a key approach to increase and maintain their natural stocks in Japan. Nevertheless, in many trials conducted mainly in Honshu and Kyushu by the end of the 1990's, the amount of seed production fluctuated annually, and the survival rate of released artificial juveniles was uncertain because of the difficulty of distinguishing them from wild ones. Due to these issues, some hatcheries discontinued A. japonicus enhancement projects. However, due to increase in Chinese demand, the price of A. japonicus dramatically increased after 2003 in Hokkaido. Facing the decline in the price of sea urchin and abalone, which are major high-value catches in the coastal areas, fishermen were very interested in A. japonicus stock enhancement by releasing artificial seeds. Accordingly, sea urchin and abalone hatcheries in Hokkaido began to produce A. japonicus seed after 2006. This paper will introduce the recent mass production techniques developed in Hokkaido. Key word: Apostichopus japonicus, artificial seed production, larval rearing, post-larval rearing, control of predation Japanese common sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus is found in shallow coastal bottoms of Japan, Kuril Islands, Sakhalin, northeastern China and Korean peninsula. Among these countries, Japanese and Korean people prefer to taste this mainly in raw or picked as a seafood, but Chinese people prefer dried sea cucumber as a tonic rather than a seafood. Due to the economic development of China, demand for this species has increased. Unit price in Hokkaido peaked at 43.2 USD/kg in 2010. Facing the decline in the price of sea urchin and abalone, fishermen were very interested in stock enhancement by releasing artificial seeds. After Imai et al. (1950) made the first trial of artificial seed production in Japan, many trials were conducted in Honshu and Kyushu. Small juveniles (<2mm) were mainly produced by 1990, and the productions peaked at 26.6 million year. Thereafter, due to increase of production of larger juveniles, the total number of juveniles decreased to around 2-3 million year (Fig. 1). Mass mortality during postlarval rearing resulted in fluctuations in the number and size of seed produced. Furthermore, the survival rate of released artificial seeds had not been properly 2015年 1 月30日受理(Received on January 30, 2015) *1 Fisheries Research Department Mariculture Fisheries Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, 1-156-3, Funami-cho, Muroran, Hokkaido, 051-0013, Japan E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Fig. 1. Number of seed produced in Japan. Drawn from the statistical data published by Fisheries Agency, Fisheries Research Agency and National Association for Promotion of Productive Seas. 水研センター研報,第40号,129-134,平成27年 Bull. Fish. Res. Agen. No. 40,129-134,2015


Within the present paper the development and interaction of secondary flow structures at different hub clearance gaps at high blade loadings are investigated. Three-dimensional numerical computations were carried out at three levels of hub clearance, ranging from zero to 3% of blade chord. Experimental results at 1% and 3% chord hub clearance were obtained to asses the validity of the numerical predictions. The experimentally and numerically obtained results provide a detailed picture of the development, the interaction of secondary flow structures and the influence of clearance flow for high blade loading. Therefore the time averaged flow features obtained from the experimental test rig and from numerical simulations are compared. In addition this investigation tends to explain the phenomenon of rotating instability for this compressor stator at a specific operating point and different hub clearance gaps by analyzing the secondary flow structures in the leading edge region at the hub.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


Enzymatic crosslinking was developed to prepare in situ forming poly(c-glutamic acid) (c-PGA) based hydrogel in this study. First, the precursor of poly(c-glutamic acid)-tyramine (c-PGA-Ty) was synthesized through the reaction of carboxyl groups from a c-PGA backbone with tyramine. The structure of the grafted precursor was confirmed by 1 H-NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. After that, the crosslinking of the phenol-containing c-PGA-Ty precursor was triggered by horseradish peroxi- dase in the presence of H2O2; this resulted in the formation of the c-PGA-Ty hydrogels. The equilibrium water content, morphology, enzymatic degradation rate, and mechanical properties of the hydrogels were characterized in detail. The data revealed that the well-interconnected hydrogels had tunable water contents, mechanical properties, and degradability through adjustments of the com- position. Furthermore, cell experiments proved the biocompatibility of the hydrogels by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylte- trazolium bromide assay. These characteristics provide an opportunity for the in situ formation of injectable biohydrogels as potential candidates in cell encapsulation and drug delivery. V C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42301.


High vocational school library in mid-west of China is slower than that of east China.In addition to region economy the"soft environment" construction is also an important reason.The local high vocational school libraries which want to acquire real development have to strongly enhance "soft environment" construction in the mean time of building "hard environment".


May 1, 2023 Type Package Title Covariate-Adaptive Randomization for Clinical Trials Version 2.2.0 Date 2023-04-30 Author Fuyi Tu [aut], Xiaoqing Ye [aut, cre], Wei Ma [aut, ths], Feifang Hu [aut, ths] Maintainer Xiaoqing Ye <firstname.lastname@example.com> Description Provides functions and command-line user interface to generate allocation sequence by covariate-adaptive randomization for clinical trials. The package currently supports six covariateadaptive randomization procedures. Three hypothesis testing methods that are valid and robust under covariate-adaptive randomization are also available in the package to facilitate the inference for treatment effect under the included randomization procedures. Additionally, the package provides comprehensive and efficient tools to allow one to evaluate and compare the performance of randomization procedures and tests based on various criteria. License GPL (>= 2) Imports Rcpp (>= 188.8.131.52), ggplot2 (>= 3.3.0), gridExtra (>= 2.3), stringr (>= 1.4.0), methods Suggests dplyr (>= 0.8.5) Depends R (>= 3.6.0) NeedsCompilation yes LinkingTo Rcpp, RcppArmadillo Repository CRAN Date/Publication 2023-05-01 06:30:02 UTC


Associative recognition memory and context effects are two lines of research that exist in parallel with little cross talk. Associative recognition tasks ask participants to distinguish the studied associations oftwo or more items from novel or rearranged associations (e.g., Cohn & Moscovitch, 2007; Craik & Schloerscheidt, 2011), whereas context effect studies have shown that the recognition ofan individual object is enhanced when presented in its original context (e.g., Hollingworth, 2006; Hayes, Nadel, & Ryan, 2007). Our study investigated whether familiarity or recollection supports both associative recognition and context effects through the use ofa speeded recognition test. In two experiments, a response deadline did not change the size ofthe context effect or reduce discrimination ofold and rearranged items, indicating that both tasks might rely on familiarity. This occurred both when participants had to engage in associative recognition as it is traditionally studied (discriminating old and rearranged pairings) and when the task asked to discriminate familiar and novel objects and backgrounds. In both studies, a reliable context effect was observed. The results suggest that context effects for object recognition rely on familiarity, which indicates that object and background might be encoded as one coherent representation, not as individual entities (Hayes, Nadel, & Ryan, 2007; Levy, Rabinyan, &Vakil, 2008).


The invention relates to a sheet manufacturing apparatus and a sheet manufacturing method, and provides a sheet manufacturing apparatus which can manage the conveying capacity of sheet materials. The sheet manufacturing apparatus includes a transfer path through which flows at least a portion of a material for a sheet in air and which has a curved section where the transfer path is curved, and a forming unit configured to form the sheet using the material, and an optical detecting unit configured to detect the material and provided at the curved section or at the transfer path more to a downstream side than the curved section in a material transfer direction.


Oxidation-state and donor−acceptor concepts are important areas in the chemical education. Student worksheets containing problems that emphasize oxidation numbers, redox reactions of organic compounds, and stoichiometric reaction equations are presented. All of the examples are incorporated under one unifying topic: the production of vicinal dibromides. Recent synthetic approaches use redox systems to generate bromine in situ to minimize hazards associated with molecular bromine. They illustrate how a range of oxidants can be applied to brominate the alkenes. The oxidant Oxone, also called Caroat or Curox, is examined. In addition to the solutions, the worksheets contain supporting information to help the students solve the problems. Thus, students are able to work independently with the material.


Most of the studies carried out to date on the spatial selectively of the quantum well intermixing process have involved characterising either large intermixed areas, or sub 1 /spl mu/m features for 1D and 0D confinement potentials. Features that lie in the range of 1-10 /spl mu/m are of interest because they can be used to realise various devices such as waveguides, and domain disordering for quasi-phase matching (QPM). In this paper different technologies were investigated to fabricate QPM gratings in GaAs/AlAs superlattice waveguides.


Since their initial development in the early 1900's, Grignard reagents have proven to be immensely useful and are among the most common organometallic reagents. The nature of the reagents in solution is complex and depends on substituents, solvent, concentration and temperature. Despite continuing questions about their solid state and solution composition and conformation, organomagnesium reagents find new applications continually. In contrast, little information about the heavier alkaline earth organometallic compounds RMX and R2M (R = alkyl, aryl; M = Ca, Sr, Ba, X = halide) exists. High reactivity due to the predominantly ionic character of the metal-ligand bond and increased lability complicates synthetic access. Recent interest in the organometallic chemistry of the alkaline earth metals calcium, strontium and barium has been sparked by the realization that heavy alkaline earth metal organometallics play unique roles in synthetic applications, such as polymerization initiators and as reagents to modify polymers. As a result, the organometallic chemistry of calcium, strontium and barium has received significant attention over the last few years. This article summarizes recent results in this emerging area of chemistry. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)


The use of hemispherical concave specimen is proposed to evaluate orientation-dependent etch rate of single crystal silicon. Etch rate is calculated from dimensional change of the hemisphere during etching. Etch rate distribution to the total orientation has been obtained for the etchant of 40wt%KOH aqua solution. The orientation showing maximum etch rate was [110] at 40°C. It deviates from [110] with an increase of temperature. The maximum point seems to move toward [320]. This fact indicates that the etched profile varies with etching temperature even when the etchant and the initial masking pattern are the same. The effect of temperature on the etch profile is experimentally proved. Variation in etch profile according to the change in temperature is theoretically explained by the etch rate data.


THE MORE I WORK INSIDE THE DYNAMIC WORLD OF WEB CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, THE MORE I WISH I HADN'T PUT OFF THE IMPLEMENTATION FOR SO LONG.


A numerical study has been conducted to determine the various modes of Taylor–Couette flow that exist between concentric vertical cylinders, as the aspect ratio Γ (height to gap width, H/d) and the Reynolds number Re (based on the inner cylinder speed) are varied. Furthermore, the effects of the introduction of buoyancy on the development of the flow are examined. This is accomplished by considering both cylinders to be isothermal, with the rotating inner cylinder at a higher temperature than the stationary outer cylinder. Results are presented for a wide range of the Grashof number Gr (based on the temperature difference ΔT across the annular gap). The structure of the Taylor vortices is observed to be distorted considerably with the buoyant flows, and the nature of the onset and subsequent development of the vortices is altered. The hysteresis between the different modes of cellular flow, characteristic of the bifurcation phenomena, is also substantially modified.


A study was made of the evolution of the refractive index gradient profile of the active medium in a nanosecond-pulse iodine amplifier with a pump duration tp exceeding the period tr of radial acoustic vibrations of the gas in the laser cell. The refractive index gradient was found to be made up of a slow component, monotonically increasing with time, and a rapidly oscillating component associated with the appearance of standing acoustic waves. The former is equivalent to a converging spherical lens and the latter to an aspheric lens. It is shown that only the first cylindrical vibrational mode is excited and that the adverse effects of the acoustic vibrations can be avoided if the pulse is amplified at the moment when the refraction of the aspheric lens vanishes. A comparison between the experimental data and calculations demonstrates that the monotonic component of the refractive index gradient can be explained by the radially inhomogeneous nature of the pumping. The calculated oscillatory component is of much lower intensity than that observed experimentally. This is explained by assuming that the source exciting the acoustic wave is concentrated in the region near the walls. The possibility is mentioned of using pump pulses of tp > tr duration in large-diameter amplifiers having output energies of the order of hundreds of joules.


A critical problem in genetics is to discover how gene expression is regulated within cells. Two major tasks of regulatory association learning are : (i) identifying SNP-gene relationships, known as eQTL mapping, and (ii) determining gene-gene relationships, known as gene network estimation. To share information between these two tasks, we focus on the unified model for joint estimation of eQTL mapping and gene network, and propose a L 1 − 2 regularized multi-task graphical lasso, named L 1 − 2 GLasso. Numerical experiments on artificial datasets demonstrate the competitive performance of L 1 − 2 GLasso on capturing the true sparse structure of eQTL mapping and gene network. L 1 − 2 GLasso is further applied to real dataset of ADNI-1 and experimental results show that L 1 − 2 GLasso can obtain sparser and more accurate solutions than other commonly-used methods.


The objective of this work was to evaluate soil and water losses by hydric erosion, in standard plots under natural rainfall, in different management systems of post-planting eucalyptus forests. The experiment was installed in an undulated relief, on a very clayey Typic Haplustox. The data collections were performed from October 2002 to February 2004, in rain events considered erosive. The studied systems were: native forest; planted pasture; cross slope direction eucalyptus; slop direction eucalyptus; slope direction eucalyptus with burning of crop residues, and bare soil. Among the forest systems, the cross slope direction eucalyptus is the one which is closer to the native forest in terms of soil losses, indicating the highest sustainability of the former in the water erosion context. The higher values of water losses, were found in the slope direction eucalyptus system with burning of crop residues, suggesting that the fire both increases repellence to water and diminishes water infiltration rates in soil. All the eucalyptus management systems presented soil losses below tolerance limit.


Abstract : A battery is nothing more than a set of tests that, as a whole, measure certain skills, abilities, and processes. This report discusses general issues and problems associated with the development of computerized human information processing test batteries. It is concerned primarily with batteries that will be administered in a repeated-measures paradigm although some of the information pertains to the construction of any battery. Among the issues discussed in the report are task selection, task ordering, the use of pacing, and hardware and software implementation problems. Implementation problems associated with specific information processing tasks--such as mental arithmetic tasks and vigilance tasks--are also described. This report is intended for individuals who have a limited knowledge of human information processing and the pitfalls associated with computer-based testing. Keywords: Computerized testing, Performance tests, Skills, Mental ability. (aw)


Abstract Optimized production, quality control and preclinical evaluation of 68Ga-PSMA-617 as a PET radiotracer for PSMA-positive malignancies as well as successful application in imaging of breast adenocarcinomas are reported. 68Ga-PSMA-617 radiolabeling and QC optimization, stability, log P, biodistribution in breast adenocarcinomas-bearing mice (direct and blockade studies) and also PET/CT imaging was performed. 68Ga-PSMA-617 complex was prepared in high radiochemical purity (>96%, ITLC, HPLC) and specific activity of 300–310 GBq/mM at 95 °C using 2–4 micrograms of the peptide in 10 min followed by solid phase purification. The tracer was stable in serum and final formulation for at least 120 min. The log P was −1.98. Western blot test on the tumor cell homogenates demonstrated distinct existence of the PSMA on the surface. The biodistribution of the tracer demonstrated specific kidney and tumor significant uptake using blocking study. Significant tumor:blood and tumor:muscle ratio uptake observed at 30 min post-injection (2.69 and 19.1, respectively). A reduction of 40–80% off tumor uptake in the study time period observed using blocking test. 68Ga-PSMA-617 can be proposing a possible tracer for PET imaging of breast adenocarcinomas and other breast malignancies.


Is manufactured by applying an adhesive layer on one or both sides of the base film the adhesive tape is excellent in the heat shrinkage and gas discharge rate, it is possible to provide a high reliability in the semiconductor chip manufacturing process.