Objective To study the effect of partial left ventriculectomy(PLV) in the alleviation of heart failure for patients with end stage dilated cardiomyopathy. Methods Four patients (mean age 57 years) underwent PLV in our hospital. Preoperatively, all patients had advanced symptomatic congestive heart failure due to idiopathic ( n =2), valvular ( n =1), and ischemic cardiomyopathy ( n =1). Interpapillary ( n =1) or extrapa pillary ( n =3) types of PLV resection were performed, the latter necessitating mitral valve replacement in 3 patients. Associated procedures were aortic valve replacement ( n =2) and coronary artery bypass grafting ( n =1). Results All patients were successfully weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass, and were extubated 25±2 hours after surgery. Postoperative cardiac output increased from 2.0±0.2 to 4.1±0.3 L/min( P =0.001). One patient died 3 weeks after surgery of sepsis due to acute bacterial mediastinitis. Average hospital stay for the other three patients was 14 days. At a follow up up to 22 months, all three patients were in NYHA functional class I. Conclusion PLV is associated with early favorable clinical outcome in the alleviation of heart failure for patients with end stage dilated cardiomyopathy.


A Si substrate 2, Si a thermistor thin film 5 formed on the substrate 2, a thin film thermistor with the film of the thermistor thin film 5, an electrode 3 made of a film or under film forming platinum or its alloy or the like during the an element, the electrode 3 is a thin film thermistor element, characterized in that formed by crystallized by heat treatment after being deposited contain oxygen and nitrogen.


Uniform spiral flow in a central exhaust pipe and jet spiral flow which blows tangentially into one end opened cylinder from one direction, are fundamental ones in a cyclone dust collector, and so they have been measured by a cylindrical pitot tube, and discussed. The spiral angles of these flows are not affected by flow quantity, and the velocities are proportional to flow quantity. In the case of jet spiral flow, when the cylinder is extended to a certain limit, its pressures rise and its spiral angles decrease suddenly. The axial velocity distributions are not radially constant, but decrease inwards almost straightly as well as spiral angles.


Research background: A commercial bank's competitive ability is of great importance as it plays a vital role in ensuring a bank's success; hence, it is necessary to identify the factors that contribute to the development of competitive advantage of commercial banks and to shift competitive ability to a higher level. The competiveness of banks is assessed from customers' perspective, highlighting the main factors that influence them in choosing a particular bank.
Purpose of the article: The paper aims to assess the determinants influencing bank's competitive ability from customers' perspective by indicating the level of their influence. The following objectives are set: to distinguish the determinants influencing commercial bank's competitive ability, to prepare a methodology for the assessment of factors, to evaluate the importance of the factors using expert evaluation method based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.
Methods: A questionnaire was prepared for the experts in order to collect the data; fuzzy analytic hierarchy process was implemented for processing the data.
Findings & Value added: The research was conducted in Latvia and Lithuania at the be-ginning of 2017. The results showed that the most important factor for bank's competitive ability in both — Lithuania and Latvia — is customers' trust. Reliability of the bank (both in Latvia and Lithuania) and the privileges of loyal customers (only in Latvia) have gained experts' attention as well. The proposed model of bank's competitive ability allows to evaluate the level of bank's competitiveness effectively, which would help the bank to plan its activities successfully and attract new customers in order to take the leading position in the market.


In this study, three definitions for critical flux were introduced based on the crossflow microfiltration (CFMF) experiments conducted under an operational mode of constant permeate flux. The critical flux based on material balance was calculated from the rate of particles deposition. The highest permeate flux results in no particle deposition being taken at the critical flux. The second definition was based on the increase in transmembrane pressure (TMP). The critical flux based on the TMP increase is the flux below which the membrane fouling does not occur. The third definition was based on the direct observation of particles deposition through microscope. Detailed experiments were conducted with synthetic suspension of different sizes of latex particles. Long term experiments conducted with polydispersed kaolin clay suspension indicated that the critical flux based on material balance concept is more realistic in field conditions.


This three-arm randomised controlled trial evaluated whether (1) a multi-component weight loss intervention targeting diet, physical activity (PA), and sleep was effective at improving dietary intake over six months and 12 months, compared with a control, and (2) the enhanced diet, PA, and sleep intervention was more effective at improving dietary intake than the traditional diet and PA intervention. A total of 116 adults (70% female, 44.5 years, BMI 31.7 kg/m2) were randomised to either traditional diet and PA intervention; enhanced diet, PA, and sleep intervention; or wait-list control. To examine between-group differences, intervention groups were pooled and compared with the control. Then, the two intervention groups were compared. At six months, the pooled intervention group consumed 1011 fewer kilojoules/day (95% CI −1922, −101), less sodium (−313.2 mg/day; 95% CI −591.3, −35.0), and higher %EI from fruit (+2.1%EI; 95% CI 0.1, 4.1) than the controls. There were no differences in intake between the enhanced and traditional groups at six months. At 12 months, the pooled intervention and control groups reported no significant differences. However, compared to the traditional group, the enhanced reported higher %EI from nutrient-dense foods (+7.4%EI; 95% CI 1.3, 13.5) and protein (+2.4%EI; 95% CI 0.1, 4.6), and reduced %EI from fried/takeaway foods (−3.6%EI; 95% CI −6.5, −0.7), baked sweet products (−2.0%EI; 95% CI −3.6, −0.4), and packaged snacks (−1.1%EI; 95% CI −2.2, −0.3). This weight loss intervention reduced total energy and sodium intakes as well as increased fruit intake in adults at six months. The enhanced intervention group reported improved dietary intake relative to the traditional group at 12 months.


The implementation of inertial thermonuclear fusion, such as gas-dynamic, laser or magnetohydrodynamic, as well as of many other pulse systems with high energy densities particularly depends on energy cumulation limitations imposed by hydrodynamic instabilities. In this case, three types of instabilities are considered: Rayleigh-Taylor, Richtmayer-Meshkov and Kelvin-Helmholtz. The development of these instabilities, along with system dynamics, depends on the phase state and dynamic physico-mechanical properties of matter under specific action. Consequently, the investigation of hydrodynamic instabilities can be an indirect tool of studying structural and phase transformations in materials and their dynamic strength. In the given review, we consider several types of experiments to demonstrate the application of the perturbation method, which is used to study the shock-wave melting of metals, derive wide-range constitutive equations of the material and investigate the mesomechanics of deformation and fracture. The investigations have shown that there occurs thermal softening of metals under the action of shock waves up to the achievement of shock-wave melting parameters. The latter have been determined for some metals. Short-term momentary athermal softening of metals takes place behind the shock-wave front owing to the formation of adiabatic shear planes. The inhomogeneity of metal deformation at the mesolevel is revealed. The dynamic hardening of metals and its quantitative indicators are found under quasi-isentropic loading of metals as compared to shock-wave loading. Wide-range constitutive equations of metals are derived. The fracture mechanisms of metals are found to change at volumetric expansion. The generalized dependences of shear instability development, its manifestation in the modes not considered before and the ways of instability suppression are studied.


The article discusses the actual problem of the formation of professional and pedagogical competence of the master of industrial training, sets out the tasks, criteria and levels of its formation. Analyzed the results of the experimental use of the EMC of the module "Professional and pedagogical competence", intended for masters of industrial training of the course of advanced training and retraining.


Industrial sewage disposal is a complex and dynamic biological reaction engineering system.It is a multi variables and nonlinear system,for which it is difficult to establish a precise mathematical model,and the on-line real-time detecting instrument is expensive.From the application point of view of engineering,the genetic neural network method was applied to the real-time detection of sewage indicators and establish sewage indicators soft measurement model.Using some measurable indicators and the indicators of water quality between the associations,and through the neural network fitting,the genetic algorithm was used to optimize the parameters of neural network.The simulation results show that,the estimate mode for sewage disposal based on neural network model can detect and estimate the sewage indicators in real-time,and it provides a new thought for the on-line and real-time detection for sewage water.


Investigators 1 have found that the incidence of multiple primary malignant tumors in all cases of malignant tumors is about 3%. Of these tumors, roughly half occur simultaneously and half after varying intervals of time. 1a It has been computed 2 that an individual with one malignant tumor is more likely to have, subsequently, more primary malignant tumors than can be accounted for on the basis of chance alone. These multiple lesions may or may not occur in the same organ. The incidence of multiple primary carcinomas of the colon has been estimated to be from 3.5% to 5%, 3 these occurring either simultaneously or at different times. Reports of such cases have been rather numerous 4 and serve to stress the point that palpation of the entire colon should be performed at the time of laparotomy for carcinoma. In two reported cases 5 each patient had four distinct primary


For polymerization of alkyl diazoacetates, the combination of a Pd complex bearing 1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ) or its derivatives as a ligand and borate, NaBPh4, was found to be an efficient initiating system. The polymerization of ethyl diazoacetate by a Pd(0) complex having two NQ molecules [Pd(nq)2] with NaBPh4 proceeded to give poly(ethoxycarbonylmethylene)s with a relatively high molecular weight (up to Mn = 36 kDa) in good yield (∼70%). This initiating system was also effective for polymerizing other diazoacetates, benzyl and cyclohexyl diazoacetates. In addition, in the presence of NaBPh4, a novel Pd(II) complex bearing an anionic naphthoquinonyl ligand derived from 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone (dichlone), [Pd(cod)(Cl-nq)Cl] (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene), which was newly prepared by treatment of a Pd(0) precursor, Pd2(dba)3·CHCl3 [dba = (E,E)-dibenzylideneacetone], with COD and dichlone, was capable of affording poly(alkoxycarbonylmethylene)s with much higher stereoregularity compared to the previously...


Bifunctional photo-activable fluorescent thiol reagents of a new type were synthesized. A maleimide group was bonded to an azidocoumarin group via a methylene chain as a spacer. Reagents of this type react first with a cysteine residue of a protein through the maleimide group, and then form another bond with an amino acid side chain of the protein upon irradiation with light, through a nitrene group formed from the azide. Although the reagent is non-fluorescent, the products are highly fluorescent. The fluorescence characteristics of model compounds of these reagents are also described.


CAPITALIZING on the Women's Liberation Movement to peddle more cigarettes, the Virginia Slims advertisements proclaim ad nauseam that we babies have really made progress, but the condescending, infanticizing term "baby" illustrates that full equality for the second sex still lies a long way ahead. Advertisements, of course, are merely symptoms of widespread cultural diseases. No wonder, then, that college English teachers still find composition students claiming that women are inferior to men because they cannot lift as many pounds, or smugly asserting that if God had meant women to be equal to men He would have made them so. Too few realize that women are not equal because they are not allowed to be. Students of both sexes still defend male-chauvinistic attitudes as "only natural," cogent testimony that sexism is still in the saddle, deriding us all. The classrooms of colleges and universities are good places to refute the feminine mystique, however, both because such institutions are committed to the search for truth anc' to humanistic principles, and because the voung are more open to change than their elders. As a teacher my chief concern is not the blatant sexism of advertisements, of publications such as Playboy, or of the likes of Norman Mailer, the soidisant prisoner of sex self-consciously rattling his self-imposed chains, but the more sober, steadfast, and scholastic stuff, particularly college English rhetorics and handbooks, whose educative function is their only excuse for being. Although the sex discrimination in children's texts has been thoroughly exposed of late, to my knowledge no one has paid much attention to college texts. The subliminal nature of the prejudice that often films their pages like a semi-transparent skin, usually undetected but restricting and distorting the images of women, doubles its danger. Just as the particularity of blacks has been masked by racial prejudice, so have women been rendered invisible as individuals, their distinctions blurred by the sexist myopia in the eyes of all beholders-including textbook writers. Through examining only a few rhetorics and handbooks, I have discovered that much of their material is informed by at least for sexual stereotypes: the Sex Object, the Passive Nourisher, the Perpetual Child, and the Invisible Presencenot just individually indistinguishable as in the other stereotypes, but literally ignored.


The article deals with the introduction of crop production innovative technologies in Krasnoyarsk Territory. The research results of grain processing industries perspective branches are provided.


1. What are this patient's most striking clinical and laboratory findings? 2. How do you explain this patient's most striking clinical and laboratory findings? 3. What is this patient's most likely diagnosis? 4. What factors predispose patients to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) toxicity? 5. What is the clinical utility of evaluating a patient for dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency? 6. What laboratory tests can be used to detect DPD deficiency? 7. What are the therapeutic options for this patient?


Metaheuristic algorithms have shown to work well with large scale optimisation problems as they obtain optimal or near-optimal solutions. However, most metaheuristics have several parameters that need to be tuned before they can reach good results. Design of experiments (DoE) methods offer practical approaches to tune the parameters effectively. In this paper, we seek the best parameter setting for a genetic algorithm (GA) that is developed to solve the single machine total weighted tardiness problem. To tune the GA parameters, multiple DOE methods are employed and their results are compared. According to their fitness performances in both single and multiple runs, D-optimal and S/N ratio designs found the best parameter settings among DOE methods presented. Additionally, S/N ratio design showed quite robust results for different problem sizes.


Solving the problems of hunger, malnutrition and poor diet is a temporary and priority issue; in 2008 year, Constitution recognizes the need to promote food sovereignty. In this context, it is important to assess food sovereignty in Picaihua Parish, Canton Ambato, from food webs and artisanal production. The problem that motivated this research is the lack of information to understand the state of food sovereignty in the local area of Picaihua Parish, so that authorities and local people do not have the tools and information to make proposals that contribute to generating policies public tending to minimize the existing problems. The development first by way of introduction, set out the background and problem justifying the development of this research, which aims to assess food sovereignty in the parish Picaihua from food and craft production networks; subsequently defined and conceptualized the various elements and approaches, which are used to evaluate food sovereignty in the parish Picaihua from food networks and craft production. Below is information relevant in the Picaihua parish, which is the case study, enabling you to acquire an adequate knowledge of the same; then presents the results obtained from field research, developed on the basis of the information collected by instruments designed to analyze food sovereignty in the parish Picaihua from networks of food and handicraft production, and it is argued and discussed the findings of the investigation. Finally presents the relevant results obtained in all the research, conclusions and recommendations. It is expected that the results generated by this research, technical and objective, are socialized and that become an input to existing local, regional and national authorities can generate public policies aimed to minimize the existing problem-based.


This paper introduces an automatic shut-off valve device used in conjunction with a hydraulic accumulator that compensates for leakage in hydraulic accumulator circuits. This device shuts off automatically to prevent the pressurized oil inside the accumulator from draining out whenever the pressure of the circuit drops to zero. Therefore, it saves the time and energy of recharging the accumulators.


This paper is a comparative study of different methods for quantitative analysis of chemical composition of gem material.Three methods,that is,external standard calibration curve method,calibration free LIBS and external standard normalization method,have been discussed.And four homogeneous samples,nature glass,omphacite,purple jadeite and silicate glass,have been used as the analysis objects.A quantitative analysis has been completed by using the self-built laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in China University of Geosciences(Wuhan).The quantitative analysis results show that the external standard calibration curve method is easily affected by inhomogeneous matrix,which is often influenced by the different elements content or configuration,and thus the analytical accuracy is not high.In the analysis of the samples with complex components,the impact factors of calibration free LIBS are also very complex,which may lead to a greater error.The quantitative analysis results of the external standard normalized method are better than those of the first two,because the matrix effects can be revised.Although the analysis of trace elements still need to be improved on the accuracy,it can be a better quantitative analysis method for gem material.


A simple, analytical model is proposed for the description of flow and stress characteristics in an open-channel flow with nonuniform distribution of bed-shear stress. The model describes the relationship between the secondary current and the transverse variation in bed-shear stress. The streamwise velocity profile is obtained by superposition of a power law and a second-order defect law. The model simulates the flow behavior measured in a laboratory channel with artificially induced transverse variation of shear velocity.


Coupling single-carrier networks into multi-carrier energy systems (MESs) has recently become more important. Conventional load flow models for the separate single-carrier networks are not able to capture the full extend of the coupling. Recently, different models for multi-carrier energy networks have been proposed, either using the energy hub (EH) concept, or using a case specific approach. Although the EH concept can be applied to a general MES, it is unclear how the EH should be represented in the graph of the MES. On the other hand, the case specific approaches are not easily applicable to general MESs. This paper presents a graph-based framework for steadystate load flow analysis of general MESs. Furthermore, the effect of coupling on the resulting integrated system of equations is investigated. The proposed framework is validated using a small MES. This example shows that our framework is applicable to a general MES, and that it generalizes both the EH concept and the case specific approach.


A new method is presented to perform the synchronization and detection of the binary data from the FSO signal. Based on the wavelet transformation, a new band-pass filter is developed and implemented. It is shown that the Haar wavelet is an excellent choice for this purpose. The center frequency of this filter is a function of the scale and could be adjusted to adapt to the variation of the channel. The output of the filter is zero-mean and is closely related to the derivative of the binary data. The filter has a linear phase; therefore, its output is used for synchronization and detection of the data. Analysis of the method is presented using Fourier transformation. In addition, simulation experiments are performed and presented using the real data. The results of the experiments indicate that the Haar wavelet transform is a robust and effective tool in dealing with FSO data.


Previous evidence demonstrates that a public health crisis triggers and intensifies domestic violence, especially against women. The pandemic of COVID-19 supported this observation, as the world witnessed an increase in domestic violence. China has witnessed a similar trend. While the Chinese government is applying a stringent model of virus control measures over COVID-19 when compared to certain other countries, many questions remain . How is this impacting the situation of domestic violence in China? What has China done to combat domestic violence during COVID-19? What can we learn from the Chinese experience? This article intends to answer these questions by reviewing reports and media coverage and conducting interviews with stakeholders. First, it examines causes of domestic violence during COVID-19. Second, it analyses the types and features of domestic violence during COVID-19. Third, the article intends to discover the current difficulties in combatting domestic violence. Fourth, it presents good practices for specific local areas. Last, it concludes with recommendations for tackling domestic violence during public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, by understanding the Chinese experience.


The role of vitamin D in human health has been studied using a variety of approaches. In laboratory studies, the active form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D3 has been shown to play a significant role in reducing autoimmune diseases, such as diabetes. In epidemiological studies, vitamin D has been associated with risk for some cancers but not others. For example, fairly consistent inverse (i.e., protective) associations with circulating 25‐hydroxy‐vitamin D (25(OH)D) have been observed for colorectal cancers, while direct (i.e., adverse) associations have been seen in prostate cancer studies. In order to gain a more comprehensive biological understanding of vitamin D associations with cancers and other health outcomes, we utilized a metabolomics approach to identify metabolites associated with serum 25(OH)D. Over 900 metabolites were measured from fasting blood samples collected at study entry between 1985 and 1988 in the Alpha‐Tocopherol, Beta‐Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study, a cohort of Finnish male smokers ages 50–69 years. Baseline serum 25(OH)D was measured in 392 men using radioimmunoassay, chemiluminescence assays, and OCTEIA direct enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits. Metabolites were profiled using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (Metabolon, Inc., N.C.). Metabolite‐vitamin D associations were modeled using linear regression. A statistically significant (p<0.05) change in beta‐estimates per 1 standard deviation (SD) increment was seen for 117 metabolites, the majority of which were lipids, along with 26 amino acids, 10 xenobiotics, seven peptides, six cofactors or vitamins, and four carbohydrate metabolites. Six lipid metabolites were significant at the Bonferroni corrected threshold of p < 0.000053, including 3‐carboxy‐4‐methyl‐5‐propyl‐2‐furanpropanoic acid (CMPF) (beta=0.42/1 SD increment), stearoyl‐arachidonoyl‐glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPPE) (beta =−0.36/1 SD), stearoyl‐linoleoyl‐GPPE (beta = −0.35/1 SD), erucoyl sphingomyelin (beta = 0.32/1 SD), eicosapentaenoate (beta=0.24/1 SD) and docosahexaenoate (beta=0.21/1 SD). The identification of these metabolites may provide insights into the role of vitamin D in human health.


When some links or nodes on the path break down, a rerouting path should be found in trustworthy network. In this paper, a fallback based k-hop backtracking trustworthy QoS (Quality of Service) rerouting mechanism is proposed. First,the network model and user trust evaluation model are constructed. Then the description of users requirements, the calculation methods of users satisfaction and the criterion of path judgments are presented. Considering users QoS requirements, trustworthy requirements and decrease of the algorithm cost, fallback is used for backtracking rerouting at the previous node of the failure node (or link) in the proposed mechanism. It reuses original links of the path as much as possible to reduce the time of rerouting. The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism is both feasible and effective. In contrast to existing mechanisms, both the rerouting success rate and user satisfaction degree are increased and the rerouting time is reduced under uses requirements.


According to geological structure and mineral distribution,the ore-forming belt of Tianshan-Beishan in Xinjiang is divided into southwest Tianshan mountain, east Tianshan mountain,west Tianshan mountain and north Tianshan Mountain.This paper systemically contrasts and analyses the background value and its distribution,the relationship between element enrichment and ore-foming of the four units.It is concluded that: the enrichment of main ore-forming elements in northwest and west Tianshan mountains represents the character of gold mineralization;east Tianshan mountain represents the mineral pattern of Au,Cu,(Ni),and Ag;the north Tianshan mountain is dominated by the ore-forming character of gold.


This study compares safety, efficacy, and cost of the new oral Factor Xa inhibitor rivaroxaban to fondaparinux, an injectable anticoagulant, for prevention of VTE (venous thromboembolism) after hip or knee arthroplasty within an IRF (inpatient rehabilitation facility). In this retrospective review, data was collected on the patients that were either status post total knee arthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty, admitted to the IRF over a 24 month period. All patients identified for inclusion in the study received either fondaparinux subcutaneously or rivaroxaban orally once daily as for VTE prevention. Primary efficacy outcomes were composite of any deep venous thrombosis, non-fatal PE (pulmonary embolism); and all-cause mortality. Primary safety outcomes were any major or non-major bleeding events. Analysis of 314 patient records (199 patients on rivaroxaban and 115 patients on fondaparinux) indicated no PE events. No DVT occurred in the patients prescribed rivaroxaban compared to 0.9% in the fondaparinux group. Major bleeding events occurred in 0.5% of patients prescribed rivaroxaban compared to 1.74% in fondaparinux group. Minor bleeding events occurred in 1% of patients prescribed rivaroxaban compared to 1.74% of patients in fondaparinux group. Direct acquisition cost analysis revealed 52% lower costs than fondaparinux, in the patients treated with rivaroxaban. In this study, rivaroxaban provided a safe and effective alternative to fondaparinux for prevention of VTE in post-operative total hip or knee replacement patients in the IRF setting. Rivaroxaban was also found to be favorable with respect to cost of acquisition, and ease of drug administration.


According to Henri Michel it is possible to use the concept of "neutrality" of the Vichy regime in "New Europe". However, the war dynamics and the challenges of Free France broke the importance and the quality of its diplomatic relations and forced Vichy to ask Switzerland to represent its interests in the states which had broken off diplomatic ties. The Anglo-American landing in North Africa speeded the whole process up and Switzerland accepted Vichy's mandates, all the more since they strengthened an important state with regard to good neighbourly relations, economic interests and the indispensable transit to the Atlantic. Swiss protection turned out to be efficient in administrative tasks as well as helping French residents abroad, but totally inefficient when confronted with key issues of the occupying power. The efficiency of the protection was also limited by the ambition of Free France to impose its legitimacy over that of Vichy.


Setting: Study was conducted in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck surgery of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh from 2006 to 2017. Objectives: To find out the frequency, risk factors, and its effect on the management of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF). Methods: Observational, Cross Sectional study. Number of laryngectomized patients 249. Results: Total PCF developed 48 (19.27%). Irradiated patients with multiple co-morbidities had more chance to develop PCF. Conclusion: High incidence of pharyngocutaneous fistula mostly due to advanced stage of disease, various levels of surgical expertise and post irradiated patients with multiple comorbidities.


This chapter presents a new thermodynamic argument for the existence of God. Naturalistic physics provides evidence for the failure of induction, because it provides evidence that the past is not at all what you think it is, and your existence is just a momentary fluctuation. The fact that you are not a momentary fluctuation thus provides evidence for the existence of God—God would ensure that the past is roughly what we think it is, and you have been in existence for roughly the amount of time you think you have. There is no definitive way for the atheist to refute this argument, but one suggestion is given that relies on physics-based simplicity considerations. The chapter closes with an epistemological discussion of self-undermining arguments.


The practice of money politics damages the essence of fairness in democracy. It can encourage abnormalities in democracy if its practice is seen as acceptable by young voters. The perceptions and reactions of young voters about money politics can influence the implementation of democracy and fair state politics. This study aimed to examine the practice of money politics among young student voters in Surabaya and their resistance to it. This study also attempted to respond to a gap in the literature regarding resistance to money politics among young voters. The research method consisted of two stages; first, exploring the responses of young voters about money politics through focus group discussions, and second, specifically using the phenomenological method with various empirical experiences and individual awareness regarding various actions and responses to the practice of money politics. This study found that young student voters carried out acts of resistance to money politics but not with real resistance. Instead, they showed silent resistance. The resistance was shown through taking the act of not voting in the election as a form of distrust toward the candidates, and other actions such as taking counter-adaptive actions by accepting the money given but not choosing candidates who carried out money politics. The rationality of novice voters in rejecting money politics was driven by good political values but their lack of ability to put up a fight encouraged silent resistance.


Neonatal mortality accounts for 40-60% of all infant mortality in developing countries or more than 50% of all childhood mortality. The authors present a two-year prospective study of neonatal deaths at Ogun State University Teaching Hospital (OSUTH) in Sagamu Nigeria in which the findings for patients born in the hospital are compared with those for referred babies and the principal associated causes of mortality in various birthweight groups. During the study period 1081 live babies were born at OSUTH of whom 353 were admitted to the neonatal ward for various indications. 315 referred babies were also admitted. Altogether 181 babies died 55 of whom were inborn and 126 of whom were referred. Low birthweight babies accounted for 60% of deaths and there were 49 perinatal deaths 61% of which occurred within 24 hours. The mortality rate of term small-for-gestational age neonates was higher than that of their appropriate-for-gestational age counterparts. Further referred very low birthweight babies had a better outcome than inborn ones. Severe infections severe birth asphyxia respiratory distress syndrome and recurrent apnoea were among the leading causes of death in the study. The authors note a need for improved intensive care facilities for the high-risk newborn and greater effort to improve the early utilization of available maternity services.


This guide provides requirements for painting newly fabricated or existing steel highway structures. Methods and materials specified meet the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency requirements as of January 1, 1993, and are based on the latest technology and research to produce the most cost-effective, environmentally acceptable steel protection systems available. The guide is intended to provide standards for paint selection and application that will provide long-term protection and reduce corrosion control costs. The scope of the guide includes painting bare steel; painting existing structures that are in service; nonhazardous painting systems; multiple-level volatile organic compounds systems; and demolition, alteration, repair or renovation of steel coated with hazardous materials.


In this study, we investigate the impact of interannual vari- ability of boreal summertime (June-September) north Indian Ocean (NIO) sea surface temperature (SST) on the distribution of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis over the western North Pacific (WNP) using observational datasets. In the boreal summers with warm (cold) SST in the NIO, fewer (more) than normal TCs form over the entire WNP, with fewer (more) TCs forming north of 10°N and more (fewer) TCs forming south of 10°N. The warm (cold) SST in the NIO induces anomalous anticyclonic (cyclonic) vorticity north of 10°N and cyclonic (anticyclonic) vorticity south of 10°N, which contributes to the meridional seesaw-like distribu- tion of WNP TC genesis. This study provides a new perspective to understand TC activities over the WNP and may help seasonal TC prediction.( and The impact of summertime north Indian Ocean SST on tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific. paper emphasizes the impact of the NIO SST on the meridional distribution of TC genesis over the WNP. In this study, we used 10°N as the boundary between the north and the south, which is different from 17°N used in the WNP TC genesis associated with ENSO events by Wang and Chan (2002). Our results provide a new perspective, which promotes the understanding of the TC activities over the WNP, and suggests that accurate forecast of the NIO SST in summer may help to improve seasonal TC prediction over the WNP.


The number of diabetics is rapidly growing every day in all parts of the world. By the year 2010, the number of patients suffering from diabetes had amounted to more than 230 million people, which is estimated as 3.5% of the whole world adult population [1]. According to expert forecasts, this number is projected to double by the year 2025, which is going to be 7% of whole Earth population. It was calculated that every 10 seconds someone in the world dies due to diabetes and its complications, which is 3 million people per year. The average life expectancy of children with diabetes is less than 28.3 years of onset. Diabetes is considered to be the fourth most common cause of death in industrialized countries. Vascular complications due to diabetes cause early disability and high mortality. Mortality from heart diseases and strokes is 2-3 times more likely for patients suffering from diabetes, whereas blindness, nephropathy and lower limbs gangrene happen respectively 10, 12-15 times, and almost 20 times more often for diabetics than general population. The number and strength of complications depend directly on the blood glucose level control quality. At the moment, the blood glucose level measurements are performed by glucometers [2,3]. This method requires that a patient makes a finger puncture for every measurement. About five punctures per day should be done for proper glucose monitoring, which is about 1,800 punctures per year. Besides, each measurement by glucometer requires a distinct test strip. Expenses for 1,800 test strips could be estimated as about 450 euros per year. It is also necessary to take into account that each puncture has a risk of blood poisoning. Using non-invasive techniques for glucose level control could reduce the amount of possible risky manipulations by 1800 per year. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that only eight of ten fingers are suitable for puncturing, and the constant skin damage which cannot be avoided is quite annoying for the patients. Most biomolecules have characteristic signature frequencies in the terahertz (THz) range, which can reveal their presence and determine the concentration. Therefore, this paper is intended to study the blood optical properties in the THz frequency range in order to determine THz radiation effect on blood. The main aim of this investigation is to determine the effect of blood glucose concentration on the blood optical properties. In the case if blood optical properties vary at different glucose concentrations having a proportional relationship between them, these results will confirm the possibility of development of non-invasive procedures for blood glucose level diagnostics.


A brief overviewof wetlanddefinition, functir~nsandvaluerandclars~fication ispresented. Iconclude that wetlandsofaridrepinnn.even where the interval between floading mny be several yearq, citn he acc:cammtxlaterl within existing clas\ificaticln syrtemr. R preliminary analy<i\ of thereturn frequency uf extreme ruinfalleventr rntlicates that temporary waterhntlies in Namihiamay provide adequateZy for wctland procesqes such as hreedtng uf waterfowl once in every five to ten years. I wggest Ihal hecause of regions! variations in rainfall and the wide dlstrihurton of these wetlands, suitable habitats are likely to he availithle for nomadic spcich at mnsiderahly rhorter inlervals. More detailed inventory and analysis 1s necessilry hefore ihe inte~onnectetlners of rhese vystems can k eslablished and evaluated. Because lhe~e systems have worldwide distribution, study of wetlandr in Namibia can u\eFully ccmtrihute 10 the development the theory and practice of wetland conservation. In 197 I . wetlands hecame the first and an far the only ecosystem type which has its own intern:ttionaI convcntion the Ramsar Convention. Under the Convention (sponsored by UNESCO and ratlficd in Ramsar. Iran, 2 Fcbruary 197 1 ) signatoric~ agree 20 include wetland conservmion ~n their national planning and to promotc thcir sound utilisation (Maltby l Y86). Allhough the principal concern which led to rhe Ramsar Convention was the conservation nf habitat Tor waterbirds. il stimulated interest in wetlnnds and contributed both to the declaration of 19R5 as the year of the wetland by the In~ernational Union for Conservatian of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), and to a growing awareness of the importance of wetlands in the landscape. Since the t e m r welland and arid contrast so strongly there is a natural tendency to assume that wetlands do not occur to any significant degree in arid landscapes. and that rhey are unlikely to have Functions and values such that 'they are essential lifesuppnfl systems, play a vital role in contrnlling water cycles, ancl hclp to clean up our cnvirunmenl' (Maltby 1986). Thcrc is. therefore. an undemtnndnblereluctnnce todepIoy limited financial resources and perwnnel tn the qtudy and evaluation of wetlands in arid reginnq. The structure and functioning of wetlands in such reglonsore, cnnsequently,poorly documented. and rhere is littfe justiticorion for the assumption that they are not important. In this paper 1 present a hrrrad overview of wet lands and suggest that although wetlands in Namibiaare not likely to be unique in their qtructure and functioning. they are wc~t~hy uf ~ d y . They arc wctlands of 3, typc which arc poorly known locally and worfdwirle. and they may have considerable regional significance Tor nomadic species, paflicularly birds. There is acontinuum of variation herween vmancn t fy wet and permanently dry ccosystcrns and consequently definitions of wetlnnds vary in accordance with indivlrEual znteresrs. The Ramsar Convention. Tor cxamplc, defined wet lands as: 'Areas of marsh, fen, peatland or water whether natural or anificial, permanent or temporary, with water that iq slatic or Ilflw~ng, fresh, brackish or salt, including arcas of marine waters, the depth of which at low tide does not exceed six meters.' However, since this definition incorporates a limited sector of thc continuum and not the adjoining dry land ecotone and deeper water which have obvious significance for watershed habitat conservation, thc Convention also pmvided that wetlands ' .. . may incorporate riparian and coastal zonep adjacent to thc wetlands and islands or hodier of marine water deeper han six meters at low tide lying within the werlands'. T h i ~ definition caters ror the intcrests of conservationists in general and of those concerned with waterbirds in panictllar. As such it sets thcm apart from other interest groups eg, hydrologists and agriculturalists. What is required 1s an all-embracing definition which is bascd on thc detcrrninantsof wctland stntcture and functioning rather than on those properties of sectorat interest (Breen 1988). Such a definition has been developer! by the Un~ted States Fiqh and Wildlife Service (Cowardin et al. 1979) and states that a wetland is: ' land where an excess of water is the dominant factor dctcrmining rhe n a m e OF soil development and the lypes of animals and plant cornmuni ties living a1 thc soil surface. It spans a con~inuum or environments where ternstria[ and aquatic systems intergrade'. In this definition which is the most widely accepted in the United State? uf America (Mitsch & Gossetink 1986). the term 'excess' implies that the ?oiI IS flooded for long cnnugh for waterrogginp to become the dominanr hctor determining the biogetxhemical characteristics OF the area. The United States Government definition is. however. stared as follows (Mitsch and Gosxlink 1986): The term wet land^' meanr: those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground waternt afrequency and duration sufficient to support. and thar under normal circumsrances do ~ u ~ p o f l , a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in qatunted soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps. rnarqhes. hogs, and similar areas. An important difference between the definitions can bc illns!rated using a local example such as Etosha R n . Few would question that Etosha Pan has a fluviatilc origin and that an excess of water was and probably still is, a dominant Factor delermining the nature of soil devclopmcnt, even though the interval between periods when excess water may be present can k very long. In the Rarnsar definition it i s only the temporary presence of shallow water which identifies Etosha Pan as a wetland, irrespective of the nature of soil and hiotic communi-


OBJECTIVE In this paper,we introduced the influencing factors of me-too drugs' on therapeutic effects.METHODS The related references at home and abroad were summarized in recent years.RESULTS There are three major influencing factors,including quality of active pharmaceutical ingredient and drug polymorphism,drug preparation and the evaluation method of biological activity.Among them,drug preparation and drug polymorphism are two important uncontrolling factors in quality standard.CONCLUSION It provides a reference to improve the quality and quality standard of me-too drugs.


Silicon carbide fiber (Hi-Nicalon Type S, Nippon Carbon) reinforced silicon carbide matrix composites containing melt-infiltrated silicon were subjected to creep at 1315°C at three different stress conditions. For the specimens that did not rupture after 100 h of tensile creep, fast-fracture experiments were performed immediately following the creep test at the creep temperature (1315°C) or after cooling to room temperature. All specimens demonstrated excellent creep resistance and compared well to the creep behavior published in the literature on similar composite systems. Tensile results on the after-creep specimens showed that the matrix cracking stress actually increased, which is attributed to stress redistribution between composite constituents during tensile creep.


Abstract The interaction of a shockwave with a gas bubble in a liquid medium is of interest in a variety of areas, e.g. shockwave lithotripsy, cavitation damage and the study of sonoluminescence. This study employs a high-resolution front-tracking framework to numerically investigate this phenomenon. The modelling paradigm is validated extensively and then used to explore the parametric space of interest. We provide a comprehensive qualitative analysis of the collapse process, which we categorize into three phases, based on the principal feature dominating each phase. This results in the characterization of numerous previously unidentified features important in the evolution of the process and in the emergence of peak temperatures and pressures. For example, we discover that the peak pressure does not occur as a result of the impact of the main transverse jet (also called the re-entrant jet) but later in the collapse. We perform fully three-dimensional simulations, showing that three-dimensional instabilities are limited to the small-scale details of collapse, and continue by comparing collapse of cylindrical and spherical bubbles. We detail a parametric investigation varying the shock strength from 100 MPa to 100 GPa. A counter-intuitive discovery is that the maximum gas density decreases with increasing shock strength.


The PEG's influence on the part deactivation catalyst activity of sodium methoxide was explored. Added different proportion of PEG to the part deactivation catalyst and made the synthesis experiment of diethyl carbonate and methyl ethyl carbonate,it was studied wheather the containing PEG catalytic system can be recycled. The experimental results showed that when the quality of the part deactivation catalyst and PEG ratio was 1∶2 ~ 1∶8,PEG can obviously improve the part deactivation catalyst's catalytic activity,increase the conversion efficiency of raw materials and product output. Product will be steamed out at certain temperatures and extract the catalyst for repeated use experiments. After 7loops synthesis reaction, the catalytic system still maintained its inherent catalytic effect. Therefore, PEG could significantly improve the part deactivation of sodium methoxide catalytic activity,and have the characteristics of recycled.This will have very important significance on saving the cost of industrial production.


Atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based nanolithography is one of the commonly used techniques to fabricate graphene devices on different substrates. However, the patterned graphene varies with different substrate materials. We demonstrate, both experimentally and theoretically, that the required force to pattern graphene and the trench morphology is highly dependent on the substrate hardness and the interfacial adhesion energy between graphene and the substrate. A strong correlation is seen between the cutting force and the average width of the fractured graphene on a variety of substrates. In our experiments, we show that graphene trenches with ultrasmooth edges and narrow width down to 30 nm can be created on soft substrates like gold under small applied forces, while only rough and wide trenches can be obtained on hard substrates (Si and SiO2). Our studies reveal the effect of graphene-substrate interactions on the mechanics of AFM nanolithography process, thus paving the way for achieving controllable fabrication of graphene-based devices through an appropriate control of applied forces for the target substrate materials.


Objective To study the variation tendency of upper gastrointestinal malignancy in gender,age and position in Anyang cancer hospital during the last 10 years.Methods The clinicopathological data of 15 558 patients,who were diagnosed as esophageal cancer,esophagogastric cancer or gastric cancer,were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients were divided into two groups by the time of operation,2000 to 2005 and 2006 to 2010,respectively.Meanwhile,all the patients were studied the variation tendency of upper gastrointestinal malignancy in gender,age and position.Results The proportion of esophageal cancer decreases.The proportion of esophagogastric caner increases apparently.Totally,the incidence of malignancy in old age increases.Male-female ratio has an increasing tendency.Conclusion In the recent years,the incidence of esophagogastric cancer increases.Upper gastrointestinal malignancy occurs more often in old age,male patients.Only in young age group,the incidence of esophageal cancer decreases.


The control problem of spacecraft eigenaxis maneuver in the presence of parametric uncertainty and external disturbance is addressed in this paper. Modified Rodrigues parameters (MRPs) are utilized as the attitude parameters for the non-redundancy. An eigenaxis maneuver control law with feedback and feed-forward terms is presented for the nominal system. The transient response of close loop system can be adjusted according to an approximate second order system. To improve the robustness, integral sliding mode (ISM) technique is adopted to reject undesirable effects and track nominal trajectory. The resulting controller can perform the eigenaxis maneuver in the presence of parametric uncertainty and external disturbance while possess good system performance. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by simulation results.


The National Socialists embodied the doctrine through revolutionary changes in the political system, new methods of working with the masses in order to obtain universal social support. National Socialists used information wars, agitation, propaganda, disinformation as a strategy of influence on the mass consciousness. Disinformation was used in the fight against the Communist Party. Information wars were used in foreign policy against the states that were the object of aggression of Nazism. Agitation was used to motivate the masses to engage in political activity. A leader's cult was created. Speeches played a special role in Nazi agitation, the effect of which grew due to the suggestion and theatricality of party gatherings, demonstrations. The propaganda of national-so- cialist ideology captures the whole consciousness of people. A. Hitler believed that propaganda and agitation was a prerequisite for the creation of a powerful organization, mobilizing the population to implement the regime's policy. J. Goebbels created the structural elements of propaganda, became the author of the method of "poetic truth" and the technology of the introduction of ideology into the mass consciousness. The author believes that the peculiarity of the strategy of influence on the mass consciousness is the complex use of information warfare, misinformation, propaganda and agitation. The totalitarian regime influenced the mass consciousness, using suggestions and manipulations. The propaganda was comprehensive, adapted to the requirements of the situation, used technical means, which exacerbated the impact on large groups of people and large areas. Agitation prompted people to engage in activity through planned actions, use of rituals, theatricality, solidarity and feedback. Радіо, газет, кінострічки, документальне кіно, листівки, плакати – знаки культури, які слугували режиму. In foreign policy, large information events were held, depending on the needs of the regime. By 1938, the community was reassured by a proclaimed peace-loving policy. From 1938-1939 he grounded political and military actions with cultural, racial superiority and the necessity of autarky. The Nazi party presented its political power as a spiritual phenomenon, since it aimed to change the social consciousness and educate a "new man", who, in ideological landmarks, deviated from humanism and was guided by hostility to the Other. The totalitarian regime created a new reality, in which the proclaimed changes in the social consciousness were objectively subjective nature, that is, individuals who were in a state of atomization turned into hostages of the goals proposed by the doctrine of national socialism.


Contamination of starch syrups with copper was kept to a minimum by mixing the acid catalyst with the starch slurry rather than with the priming water. Copper removal at the neutralization stage was promoted by protein impurities in the converted starch, high pH, and hot filtration. Decolorization with activated carbon removed less than 20% of residual copper, whereas acid-tempered bone char removed over 99%. The copper content of dilute syrups was determined without preparatory ashing by precipitation with salicylaldoxime.


This paper discusses explanatory schema acquisition, a learning technique with several interesting properties. It does not require a teacher or concept matching predicate to be provided. It does not reply on searching a concept space to produce generalizations. It can acquire a new concept based on only one input example, although later inputs might result in refinement of learned concepts. These features are made possible by taking a very knowledge-based approach.


1. The need for recognizing an exhaustion syndrome in acutely excited psychotic patients, in order to be on guard for, and to prevent, sudden death from this complication, is stressed. 2. The exhaustion syndrome in acutely excited psychotic patients consists of: a. sustained motor and mental excitement; b. rapid thready pulse; c. rapid loss in body weight; d. profuse clammy perspiration; e. fall in blood and pulse pressure; f. hyperpyrexia. 3. The causes of this syndrome appear to include a predisposing parasympathetic nervous system ascendancy in the neural and vascular interrelations (modified by emotional autonomic reflexes) and direct mechanico-functional factors of accumulation of toxemic catabolites, malnourishment, dehydration, sodium loss, and lowered secretion of adrenal cortical hormones, with sustained small blood vessel dilatation and blood stasis. 4. Reports of this condition up to 1944 have revealed 403 deaths, but no recoveries. 5. In 1944, this writer reported 2 cases of recovery and in th...


The emerging Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard adopts two estimators to particle the probability, which is flexible and efficient. However, it causes enormous computational complexity. In this work, a fast adaptive rate selection algorithm in the CABAC of VTM is proposed. First, based on the size of the coding block, a bit scan instruction algorithm is proposed to initialize the adaptation rate. In addition, a bitwise operation based on the coding bits of CU is presented to reduce computational performance. The experimental results show that the fast method we proposed can reduces the computational complexity of the current VTM to about 99.0% of the coding time of the video reference condition test.


The lithosphere‐atmosphere‐ionosphere coupling problem is a challenge nowadays. It requires understanding of (a) the physical mechanism that is responsible for plasma disturbances generation at ionospheric heights, (b) the penetration of seismogenic impact from the ground into the ionosphere through the underlying neutral atmosphere, and (c) on‐the‐ground (in‐the‐ground) sources generation. Kuo et al. (2014) reported an improved model of lithosphere‐atmosphere‐ionosphere coupling that includes the ionosphere as well as the underlying neutral atmosphere (from the ground up to the ionosphere altitudes, i.e., 60–80 km above the Earth's surface). The main feature of the Kuo et al. (2014) approach is that they find ground‐to‐ionosphere currents from ∇·J→=0, J→≡−∇ψ system of equations. In contrast to Kuo et al. (2011), where well‐known ∇·J→=0,J→=σ̂E→,E→=−∇ϕ equations are used, Kuo et al. (2014) looks better as it does not require the knowledge of electric conductivity σ profile. In this paper we show that the Kuo et al. (2014) equations can be obtained as a special case of the Kuo et al. (2011) ones, given the electric conductivity tensor is a spatially invariant scalar. Therefore, Kuo et al. (2014) formulation may not describe correctly electric currents flowing between the Earth and the ionosphere.


Adopt for fermentation,limewater soak,direct mixing materials bagging three kinds of raw material processing method were studied on chestnut bracts cultivation Agrocybe chaxingu,which clinker management culture,the bacteria bag hypha growth speed and fruit body yield and biological efficiency were determined.The results showed that fermentation and limewater soaking container,direct mixing materials were differences significant level.Bansu spathe fermentation cultivation of Agrocybe chaxingu hypha growth exuberant,biological conversion rate was higher.


expected results of the current study the correlation of the relative upon changes of reactor operation conditions; of dominance of specific species, environmental efficient and innovative bioaugmentation configuration, which is able to tolerate high


This thesis investigates the possibility that friendship is not only possible between elite actors, but that it also plays an explanatory role in their actions (and thus politics more generally). Part I of the thesis develops a model for the identification of friendship between elite actors. This model suggests that political friendship can be seen to exist between elite actors when five key components are seen to be present: (1) affect (2) a grand project (3) altruistic reciprocity (4) moral obligations, and (5) equality. Moreover, not only does the model confirm the presence of friendship, it also shows how friendship can have a role in explaining the actions of elite actors. Part II of the thesis, in order to illustrate the effectiveness of the model, examines, and confirms, the presence of friendship in four recent relationships in contemporary history: Helmut Schmidt and Valery Giscard d'Estaing (1974-1982); Helmut Kohl and Francois Mitterrand (1982-1995); Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan (1981-1989), and George H. W. Bush and John Major (1990-1993). It is proposed at the end of the thesis that the model developed here can be extended to look at other cases in politics and international relations.


Flannery, Raymond B. (1990). Becoming Stress-Resistant Through the Project Smart Program. New York, NY: The Continuum Publishing Company. ISBN 0-8264-0483-9. 216 pp., $17.95.


One of the important regulating factors in the control of a number of cellular processes appears to be the intracellular level of adenosine 3', 5'phosphate (cyclic AMP).'-3 The level of this chemical depends upon the relative activities of a t least two enzymes, viz., adenyl c y c l a ~ e , ~ which catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP, and a phosph~diesterase,~ which catalyzes the breakdown of cyclic AMP to 5'-AMP. Many of the actions of a number of hormones and neurohumors are now thought to be related to the ability of these agents to alter the intracellular level of cyclic AMP in their respective target cells, either by increasing the activity of adenyl cyclase or perhaps, in some cases, by an opposite effect on the cyclase or by an effect on the phosphodiesterase. T A B L E 1 contains a list of those hormones and neurohumors for which there is some evidence that this is the case. The resultant effect of the altered concentration of cyclic AMP will depend on the enzymatic profile of the particular cell type involved. The target systems on which cyclic AMP acts to produce the responses to the hormones listed in T A B L E 1 are not known in all cases. The effects which cyclic AMP can elicit, however, as they are known a t the present time, are summarized in T A B L E 2. It will be noted that these effects have been measured a t various different levels of organization, hence need not in all cases be mutually exclusive. The hormonal sensitivity of adenyl cyclase has been found to differ strikingly from tissue to tissue. Thus, for example, in the corpus luteum, cyclic AMP levels are increased by LH but not by ACTH, whereas in the adrenal cortex the reverse situation has been found to apply. Some tissues are highly specific, whereas in others, such as adipose t i s ~ u e , ~ ~ * ~ ~ a large number of hormones have been found to be active. The particulate nature of adenyl cyclase in most tissues, together with its lability (especially as regards hormonal sensitivity), have combined to make the purification and study of this enzyme difficult. Little is therefore known, in chemical terms, about the reasons for the hormonal specificity in different tissues. The enzyme appears to behave in most tissues as a l i p ~ p r o t e i n " ~ and may be intimately associated with the lipid matrix of the cell membrane.40 One possible model of the adenyl cyclase molecule, which may be useful as a working hypothesis, is illustrated in FIG-


Abstract : There is an urgent need for a unified global effort to increase security in the maritime domain. Global Maritime Partnerships (GMPs) must be leveraged to internationalize the Global Fleet Stations (GFSs) concept to increase global security in the maritime domain. The methodology of research for this paper was a literary search and analysis of current national and international maritime security strategies and regulations, looking for commonality in the perceived maritime threat, along with ways to address the maritime threat with a unified front. A critical part of the research was the evaluation of dialogue groups, coalitions and regional security initiatives currently in place that could be leveraged to generate a broader and more effective global response to increasing maritime security. Using an ends, ways, means model this paper will lay out a path to increased security in the maritime domain, which starts using current dialogue and coalitions in place to build trust and enduring GMPs. The paper will identify shortfalls or seams with those current efforts and then illustrate how key groups like the embassy country teams must be leveraged to facilitate a holistic government approach to meet the host nation needs to improve global security in the maritime domain. This paper will illustrate that the GFS concept has significant potential to increase security in the maritime domain, especially if it is supported by the international community, to include other countries taking a lead role to establish their own GFSs.


A key technology used in the processing of crystal window elements is illustrated by a germanium window element,whose diameter is 20 mm and parallellism is 10″.Such a high-quality optical element is difficult to process because the element diameter is small,the parallellism requirement is high and the material is single crystal.Regardless of the conventional idea that crystal element can not be cemented,an'optical cement'method was used and a set of control measures for high-precision crystal elements processing was summarized.With the method and the control measures,the crystal window element with high quality was made.It was proved that the method can be used in mass production.


Part I of this article deals with some theoretical issues concerning the way our culture arrives at moral judgments and the way the law functions relative to public moral concerns. I will illustrate my points with reference to, and through discussion of, the report promulgated by the National Bioethics Advisory Commission (NBAC) of 1999, which was established to advise former President Clinton on the ethics and law of stem cell research. Part II will focus on some philosophical and religious issues connected to the nature of the humanhood of embryos and fetuses. Specifically, it asks--and answers--two questions: (1) What provides human dignity to embryos? and (2) When does humanity begin in the embryological development? Part III contains some concrete proposals about what types of stem cell research or cloning can be ethically and legally allowed. Finally, in a brief Part IV, I will directly address a point implicit in the previously discussed issues. It is the argument that our scientific capacities require us to "play God," and that the recognition of this theodiceic requirement enables us to make more precise judgments than would the rejection of any tampering with procreative technology. I will argue that it is necessary to overcome the cultural denial of this theodiceic role in order to make precise ethical judgments. This denial is rooted in a long tradition, especially virulent in the Roman Catholic tradition, of rejecting the legitimacy of modernity and seeking a return to a premodern naivete. (1) But precise ethical judgments require us also to face the unreflected naivete that is evident in some highly progressive futurists who would simply claim that "science knows best." (2) I. SOME THEORETICAL ISSUES UNDERLYING STEM CELL RESEARCH In our attempt to master human diseases, not many areas hold as much promise as stem cell research. (3) However, the ethical difficulty is that, at this time, the most promising and truly pluripotent stem cells can only be derived from human embryos. (4) Because the moral status of the human embryo is the central issue in this debate, (5) the fact that embryonic stem cells (ES cells) at this time hold forth the most promise requires us to focus on this issue. It was Kant's injunction that human beings must never be used as a means to different ends. (6) Bioethicists generally reject nontherapeutic research (7) done on human subjects. So in stem cell research, we are confronted with a classical dilemma. On the one hand, the imperative to promote human well-being by means of this new technology has hardly ever been more urgent. On the other hand, however, the ethical mandate to protect and promote the well-being of human beings, to which embryos possibly belong, has never been higher. (8) Ethics advisory boards have been established during the last twenty years not only to safeguard that well-being, but also to provide guidance on what is permissible and what is not. Such groups, including the governmental National Bioethical Advisory Commission (NBAC) of 1998 and its predecessors, and similar private groups such as the Geron Bioethics Advisory Board, (9) are faced with a plurality of ethical perspectives and traditions. They have to deal with that fact somehow. Throughout its report, the NBAC attempts to balance broad spectrums of views of individuals and groups. That strategy raises the question: Whose values should prevail? But if one hopes to address the question of the ethics of stem cell research realistically, it is not sufficient to observe a pluralism of values in the hope of deriving the most acceptable compromise from that plurality. Hume proclaimed that ethical certainty about what we ought to do can surely not be found in this way. (10) Ethics, in principle, has little to do with that realm of 0the plurality of views, although, of course, a body such as the NBAC must listen to those voices--in the same sense that a politician must. But any politician knows that the common maxim of "govern-ment by the polls" is not such a good idea, and so too the NBAC should have recognized that any moral recommendation of what ought to be done cannot be derived from that plurality of views. …


Name.-T his tree, the most notable feature of our Southwestern sylva, belongs to the large order of Leguminosa-, suborder Mimosex. It was first described by De Candolle under the name of Prosopis juidf/ora, which, therefore, has precedence. Prosopis, as applied by Linnaus, is meaningless; the specific name (julus, a catkin) refers to the catkin-like spikes of the inflorescence. It is the Aigarobia giandidosa of Torrey and Gray's Flora (from A lgaroba, Mexican synonym of mezquit, the specific name referring to the stalked glands borne on the anthers), later changed into Prosopis giandu/osa by Dr. Torrey, in the Flora of the Mexican Boundary Survey. Habitat.-The mezquit finds a congenial home through Mexico, and extends to Chili and Brazil in South America. It flourishes on the southwestern territory of the United States, specially in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, being by far the most common tree or shrub of the immense desert tracts drained by the Rio Grande, Gila, and Lower Colorado. It does not grow near the seashore, except at the mouth of the Rio Grande. If, from this point, we proceed northward, we find that the mezquit disappears from the coast and recedes inland twenty or thirty miles, remaining at about that distance from the sea up to Victoria and Columbus; thence the line of its eastern limit runs directly north, passing a few miles out of Dallas; bending slightly westward, it then


Voltammetry of adenosine after electrochemical treatment is explored. The activations scheme includes an anodic potential (+2.2 V) for 125 ms and a cathodic potential (–1.0 V) for 75 ms. Subsequent staircase voltammetry can be used to obtain both qualitative and quantitative information. This activation procedure has been applied to 11 μm carbon-fiber microelectrodes to obtain reproducible voltammograms for adenosine. To characterize this activation procedure, the effect of the magnitude and duration of both the anodic and the cathodic potentials have been studied. Data obtained suggest that the magnitude of the applied potential pulse is critical to proper electrode activation, whereas duration and total charge passed have minimal effects.


The aim of this reply to Bertoletti [this Journal, this issue] is to give a 'rational expectations' rationale for the demand system and the definition of consumer surplus in Adachi [this Journal, 50, p. 235].


A 68-year-old male patient, previously diagnosed with end-stage kidney disease due to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), on continuous ambulatorial peritoneal dialysis (PD) exchanges for 6 months prior with a PD catheter placed via blind percutaneous puncture with Tenckhoff trocar, presented to the dialysis clinic with the complaints of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting for 2 days, as well as constipation. He denied changes in effluent colour or ultrafiltration (UF) but complained of intense pain during infusion. Upon examination notable discomfort was present on palpation of the catheter insertion site, with swelling in that area, without inflammatory signs. The ini-tial laboratory evaluation was unremarkable, with the peritoneal fluid analysis showing only 42 cells/mm 3 . A CT scan was performed, with the finding of abdominal herniation through the body of the rectus sheath and muscle (Figure 1(a) and (b)), thus suggesting a pericatheter hernia. Open surgery was made, with ischaemia in the small bowel noted, without necrosis or secondary peritonitis. It was opted to resect the ischaemic portion followed with intest-inal anastomosis, removal of the catheter and repair of the abdominal wall defect with mesh. In a joint decision with the surgical team, because of the enterectomy and placement of the mesh in the herniated area, it was opted to convert the patient to hemodialysis in the immediate post-operative follow-up. Abdominal hernias are a


The purpose of the research described in this paper was to determine the proper baseline for corrosion fatigue tests of low alloy hull steels. Two commonly used steels, 10KhSND and 15G2FB, were subjected to testing in air and in a corrosive medium (synthetic sea water) with baselines of 10 to the 7th power and 10 to the 8th power cycles, respectively. The statistically processed test results were used to plot fatigue and corrosion fatigue curves for the two steels. The authors conclude that: (1) the existing baseline of tests for determining the fatigue limits of hull steels in a corrosive medium (10 to the 8th power cycles) makes corrosion fatigue tests laborious; (2) 3 X 10 to the 7th power cycles is a necessary and sufficient baseline for corrosion fatigue tests of low alloy hull steels; and (3) the fatigue and corrosion fatigue strength of 15G2FB steel is as good as that of 10KhSND steel.


Load Balancers with different stateful methods have been implemented in a multi-core environment and compared with a stateless implementation. Furthermore, a state-of-the-art method for managing flow tables has been studied and implemented.


A method is proposed to calculate the loading rate needed to induce environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) in precracked specimens tested under rising load. The procedure applies to materials that fracture by ductile tearing under inert conditions and requires some EAC data, although these may be obtained from one of several sources. A fundamental basis is provided to explain why the rising load test can serve as an accelerated test. Application to a medium strength steel in synthetic seawater and a pipeline steel in a carbonate/bicarbonate solution shows good results: EAC was exhibited and a close estimate of the threshold stress intensity factor for sustained load was obtained in less than one tenth the time required by conventional methods.


Today, protecting the environment, reusing natural resources and endeavouring to make our lives better have become major development priorities. Increased respect for the environment means saving non-renewable resources and evaluating the materials in the existing roadway, while limiting the need to use new materials. Since 1982, when the first project in France was carried out on the East crossway in Montpellier, the Colas Group has been developing in situ bitumen emulsion recycling. In all it has applied nearly 5 million sq. m. From a technical standpoint, findings from long-term roadway monitoring programs (5 to 10 years) carried out by LCPC, France and by the company's own technical department highlight the efficiency of the technique and its excellent behaviour, even under heavy traffic. By preserving the environment, in situ bitumen emulsion recycling plays an active role in reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. After a brief summary of the Colas Group's in situ bitumen emulsion recycling techniques, a technical assessment is made of performance and in situ behaviourusing data collected on roadways and in laboratories. An environmental assessment is then made using life cycle analysis on a real case involving aproject on a road in the southwestern section of France. In this case, assessments are made of the environmental impacts of conventional roadway reinforcement and of in place bitumen emulsion recycling and compared in terms of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. For the covering abstract see ITRD E157233


Traditional apple crop physiology has majored on the effects of environmental factors on tree and fruit growth and development, in orchards or controlled environments, with adequate nutrition, water and good control of pests and diseases. This has undoubtedly led to greater understanding in the traditional scientific reductionist pattern. The advent of organic systems of production, however, raises new challenges for crop physiology, not the least of which is to attract funding for systems of production that are still seen by some as on the outer fringes of scientific endeavour. The real scientific challenges relate to the effects on tree growth and fruit development of less than complete insect and disease control, spray materials such as sulphur that are more phytotoxic to some cultivars than conventional fungicides and less than adequate nutrition. Fortunately, progress has already been made in computer modelling of crop growth of apples and peaches but this will need to be considerably expanded to include pest, disease and nutritional modules, including root growth, to adequately encompass the organic growing system to do this we will need multi-disciplinary teams. The wider issues raised by the organic farming community regarding sustainability are important for all of us to face with reasoned discussion based on sound experimental data if we are to be all-round environmental physiologists. The challenge for the physiologists of the future is to make all systems of production more sustainable. This can only be achieved by a detailed understanding of the total orchard environment and how we can then manipulate our system of fruit production to move more rapidly towards the ideal of a sustainable system.


The second calibration and intercomparison of infrared radiometers (Miami2001) was held at the University of Miami's Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS) during a workshop held from May to June 2001. The radiometers targeted in these two campaigns (laboratory-based and at-sea measurements) are those used to validate the skin sea surface temperatures and land surface temperatures derived from the measurements of imaging radiometers on earth observation satellites. These satellite instruments include those on currently operational satellites and others that will be launched within two years following the workshop. The experimental campaigns were completed in one week and included laboratory measurements using blackbody calibration targets characterized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and an intercomparison of the radiometers on a short cruise on board the R/V F. G. Walton Smith in Gulf Stream waters off the eastern coast of Florida. This paper reports on the results obtained from the shipborne measurements. Seven radiometers were mounted alongside each other on the R/V Walton Smith for an intercomparison under seagoing conditions. The ship results confirm that all radiometers are suitable for the validation of land surface temperature, and the majority are able to provide high quality data for the more difficult validation of satellitederived sea surface temperature, contributing less than 0.1 K to the error budget of the validation. The measurements provided by two prototype instruments developed for ship-of-opportunity use confirmed their potential to provide regular reliable data for satellite-derived SST validation. Four high quality radiometers showed agreements within 0.05 K confirming that these instruments are suitable for detailed studies of the dynamics of air‐sea interaction at the ocean surface as well as providing high quality validation data. The data analysis confirms the importance of including an accurate correction for reflected sky radiance when using infrared radiometers to measure SST. The results presented here also show the value of regular intercomparisons of ground-based instruments that are to be used for the validation of satellite-derived data products—products that will be an essential component of future assessments of climate change and variability.


We study an even polynomial potential which appears in the study of the galactic dynamics. We prove the existence of four families of periodic orbits in every positive energy level, and we compute an analytic approximation of them. Using such periodic orbits we provide information about the non-integrability of this Hamiltonian system.


Finally, it affect the efficiency of any treatment. In this article, two cases that reveal the relationships of fascia and meridian are presented


Topics addressed include finite element stress analysis and crack path prediction of imploding CRT; fractography and fracture mechanics of combustion growth diamond thin films; the fracture behavior of machineable hydroxyapatite; a fractal approach to crack branching (bifurcation) in glass; the fracture of glass-ionomer cements; the effect of quartz particle size on the strength and toughness of whitewares; and a proposed standard practice for fractographic analysis of monolithic advanced ceramics. Also treated are thermal exposure effects on ceramic matrix composites, fractography applied to rock core analysis, fractography of flexurally fractured glass rods, the fractographic determination of K(IC) and effects of microstructural effects in ceramics.


This study aims to facilitate the understanding of brand building among owners/managers of SMEs by highlighting the relationships among the multidimensionality of brand orientation, brand-building behavior and brand identity.,In addressing the research issue, the study uses responses from 158 domesticated SMEs in North Macedonia, afterwards relying on structural equation modeling to test the research propositions.,This study validates brand orientation as a multidimensional term that is underlined by brand artefacts, norms and values. This study also validates the assumptions that brand orientation, brand-building behavior and brand identity are significantly related.,While it is possible that our evidence base is limited to the context studied, the research findings nevertheless contribute primarily to the emergent scholarship on SMEs' brand building.,This study has practical consequences for SMEs' brand building. More specifically, it enriches the understanding of the interrelationships between brand orientation, brand-building behavior and brand identity.,This study provides an advanced perspective of brand orientation as a complex phenomenon and further provides understanding of its relations to brand-building behavior and brand identity of the domesticated SMEs.


Uniform polymeric nanospheres comprised of hydrophilic cores and hydrophobic coronas were prepared by dispersion free radical copolymerization of acrylamide with poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) macromonomer (PtBMA) in ethanol/water mixed solvents, and the effects of cross-linker addition on the nanosphere size were investigated. Chemical analysis by electron spectroscopy confirmed that hydrophobic PtBMA chains grafted to the nanosphere surfaces. Changes in concentrations of the monomers and the cross-linker controlled the hydrodynamic diameter of the nanospheres (140–540 nm).


The objective of this work is to analyze advertising writing of the Beatus Commentary of Seu d' Urgell. Advertising writing is that writing whose characteristics allow the stimulation of the interest of the receiver of the message. For this reason, it is broadly used in the medie-val inscriptions, but it is not exclusive to this type of writing, it can also be found in codices and documents. The signs employed in the Urgell Beatus are simple and plain. A first approach to the work allows us to discriminate at least three authors with their peculiarities in the Urgell Beatus. When ordinary writing from the text and advertising writing are compared, is possible to find similarities in the majority of cases that appears to be executed, in both cases, by the same person.


To find the global minimum of an NP-complete problem within a reasonable computational time is extremely difficult. The traveling salesman problem, in addition to being NP-complete, has a complicated solution set in terms of optimizing an energy function. A novel neural network that removes ambiguities in the solution set and eliminates local minima is described. This network obtains the global minimum at a small increase in computational time when compared to the Hopfield network. Salient features of this improved network are presented.<<ETX>>


We construct a pest control pollution model with stage-structure for pests and with epidemic in the predator by spraying pesticides and
releasing susceptible predators together. We assume that only the pests and infective predators are affected by pesticide. We show that there exists a globally attractive
pest-extinction periodic solution and we get the condition of global attractiveness of the pest-extinction periodic solution by applying comparison theorem of impulsive differential equation. Further, the condition for the permanence of the system is also given.


Background Breast cancer is most common cancer and accounts for one-fourth of all cancer diagnoses worldwide. Treatment of triple-negative breast cancer is major challenge and identification of specific drivers is required for targeted therapies. The aim of our present study is to elucidate the therapeutic potential of CSNK2ß silencing in triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell. Methods CSNK2ß gene has been knockdown using siRNA and silencing was estimated by both real time and western blot. Cell Titer-Glo (CTG) and colony formation assay and wound healing assay, cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry was performed to assess the role of CSNK2ß in cell proliferation, migration, cell cycle, and oncogenesis. Morphological assessment of nuclear condensation, apoptosis by Hoechst staining and measurement of intracellular ROS production was examined using fluorescence microscopy. Real time PCR and western blot was done to study the expression of genes related to cell proliferation, survival, metastasis, apoptosis, and autophagy. Results Silencing of CSNK2ß in MDA-MB-231 cells resulted in decreased cell viability, colony formation, and migratory potential. Cell cycle analysis showed that growth inhibitory effect was mediated by arresting the cells in G2/M phase. Furthermore, we demonstrated that silencing of CSNK2ß increased the nuclear condensation and intracellular ROS production. CSNK2ß regulates the expression of BAX, Bcl-xL, caspase 3, Beclin-1, LC3-I, p-ERK, p38-α, c-Myc, MAPK, c-Jun, NF-ĸB, β-catenin, E2F1, PCNA. We have also shown the functional relationship between CSNK2ß, PIN1, and PTOV1 by western blotting. We have first time reported that silencing CSNK2ß using siRNA can inhibit invasiveness and proliferation of MDA-MB-213 cells. Conclusion Our results suggested that CSNK2ß silencing may offer future therapeutic target in triple negative breast cancer.


BACKGROUND
The question of whether platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy can improve outcomes in patients with early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer is an important one. We carried out a multicenter, open randomized trial to determine whether adjuvant chemotherapy would improve overall survival and prolong recurrence-free survival in women with early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer.

METHODS
Between August 1991 and January 2000, 477 patients in 84 centers in five countries were randomly assigned to receive either adjuvant chemotherapy immediately following surgery (n = 241) or no adjuvant chemotherapy until clinically indicated (n = 236). Kaplan-Meier curves of overall survival and recurrence-free survival were compared using the Mantel-Cox version of the log-rank test. All statistical tests were two-sided.

RESULTS
Women who received adjuvant chemotherapy had better overall survival than women who did not (hazard ratio [HR] of 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.45 to 0.97; P =.03). These results translate into 5-year survival figures of 70% for women who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy and 79% for women who did receive adjuvant chemotherapy, a difference of 9% (95% CI = 1% to 15%). Adjuvant chemotherapy also improved recurrence-free survival (HR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.46 to 0.91; P =.01). These results translate into 5-year recurrence-free survival figures of 62% for women who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy and 73% for women who did receive adjuvant chemotherapy, a difference of 11% (95% CI = 3% to 18%).

CONCLUSION
These results suggest that platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival and delays recurrence in patients with early-stage ovarian cancer.


In order to investigate the identification index of drought resistance in the forage triticale seedlings, 30 triticales with different genotypes were identified by 20%–PEG6000. Results showed that responses of each gene to water stress were relatively obvious, water content decreased, the root-shoot ratio enhanced, and leaf curvature and root hyperplasied; There was significant difference among different genotypes, material 27,29,30 showed a good representation to water stress, and their root status were also good. The variation regularity of water content and root hyperplasia was good and they had a great significant correlation. But the variation of root-shoot ratio is relatively complex, other factors should be taken further consideration in the application.


Abstract Heating of the ocean skin by a passing cloud shadow was accidentally observed during an expedition in Georgia Straight at 49°19′N, 123°59′W, 1 h before sunset on 22 July 1969. Laboratory experiments have simulated the sea result. Extensive daytime measurements in the equatorial region in the Pacific Ocean have yielded preliminary experimental relationships between mean cloud cover, mean infrared sky temperature, mean infrared water skin temperature and mean wind speed.


New water based eco-materials used as wood coatings were synthesized by emulsion copolymerization of acrylic esters comonomers (ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid) and styrene with lignin derivatives calcium and iron (III) lignosulfonates, as partial substitutes for styrene/acrylic monomers.The obtained water based, ecological coatings, were physical-chemical and by FTIR analysis characterized and submitted to the standard testing procedures for wood/furniture coatings. The research put into evidence that better properties of the coating films (tensile breaking strength, water absorption, resistance at cold liquids and dry/wet heat resistance) are obtained for the styrene-acrylic copolymer and acrylic copolymer with iron lignosulfonate as reaction partner.


Synthesis of diacenes still represents a considerable challenge due to the poor stability and low solubility. In this work, we have designed and synthesized two novel corannulene-based pentacenes CORA-monPA and...


Objective:using flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination of fructus momordicae,platycodon grandiflorum,unibract fritillary bulb,pinellia,radix stemonae and hu before six kinds of trace elementsin Chinese herbal medicine.Methods:using nitric acid and perchloric acid digestion,the samples(3+ 1)to flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination of fructus momordicae,platycodongrandiflorum,unibract fritillary bulb,pinellia,radix stemonae and Cu in former hu,zinc,Mg,Mn content of trace elements.Results:Mgis the highestcontent of commercial,followed by zinc,Mn,Cu.Conclusion:this lab found in fructus momordicae,platycodon grandiflorum,unibract fritillary bulb,pinellia,radix stemonae and hu before sixmedicinal cough phlegm containsa variety of trace elements beneficial to human body,which has some medicinal value and scientific research value.


Summary form only given, as follows. A 10 mA CW H-ion source using a transformer coupled plasma source for Korea Multipurpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC) is under development. The H-ion source for KOMAC is a radio-frequency (rf), volume type, H-source using the transformer coupled plasma with an outside antenna. In the past experiment of H- ion extraction, the total current of an H-beam of 3mA without cesium and with CW operation is achieved. Various H-beam qualities are measured experimentally and simulated by PBGUN and IGUN to match beam parameters of the RFQ through the LEBT and pulse mode operation is considered to improve H-beam current.


depth than virtually any scholar before her. The major strength of the work, besides its scope, is the degree of self-reflexivity that she brings to her analysis. She is keenly aware of the long-standing need to contextualize Zoroastrianism (and Iranian Studies) within the East–West discourse and has therefore attempted to situate the image of Zoroaster in the intellectual currents of the times. By doing so, Rose has presented us with a thorough and accessible study of Zoroaster's place within western intellectual history. Yuhan Vevaina


The Yellow Sea (YS) experiences heavy advection fog during boreal summer, which seriously affects marine transport and harbor activities. Using a set of long‐term observations, the present study reveals the interannual variability in the YS fog during its core season (May‐June‐July, MJJ). The spaceborne lidar supports that a station‐based index represents the fog over the northern YS in a seasonal mean sense. The composite soundings according to the YS fog index show that the temperature difference is evident within the boundary layer and becomes indistinguishable in the free atmosphere. This implies that the driver of the MJJ YS fog originates from the bottom boundary of the fog layer. Regression analyses of sea surface temperature (SST) and air‐sea fluxes show that the local SST strongly modulates the northern YS fog at interannual scale. The fog during foggier years features a significant decrease in specific humidity, suggesting that the colder sea surface facilitates fog occurrence through strong turbulent cooling. This study identifies the local SST as a key driver of the interannual variation in the northern YS fog during the core season and provides predictive values by linking the YS fog to the preceding SST.


26 Backgroud 27 To find a reliable, safe, convenient and low-cost imaging technology in evaluation of the 28 short-term clinical efficacy of cervical cancer. Here, we performed a preliminary 29 examination of the value of shear wave elastography (SWE) in assessing short-term 30 efficacy of radiotherapy in cervical cancer. 31 Methods 32 In this study, we used SWE to measure the elastic modulus of cervical masses and healthy 33 paracervical tissues and record the maximum elastic modulus (Emax) and the mean elastic 34 modulus (Emean) in 46 patients with cervical cancer. The 46 patients who were naive to 35 treatment were monitored at 5 time points. We divided those into sensitive and 36 non-sensitive groups based on MRI in combination with RECIST1.1. The relative changes 37 in the elastic modulus of the mass before and after radiotherapy were calculated in all 38 patients. MRI was also combined with gynecological examinations to determine if any 39 residual masses remained. 40 Results 41 In this study, 25 patients completed all 5 time points examinations showing the elastic 42 modulus of the cervix decreased while healthy paracervical tissues first increased and then 43 decreased. Then, all 46 patients underwent SWE at 3 time points: prior to radiotherapy, the 44 15th radiotherapy session, and at completed radiotherapy. The results revealed that the 45 relative changes in cervical masses in the sensitive group were larger than that in the 46 non-sensitive group (P < 0.05). We further discovered the Emax and the Emean of cervical 47 tissues in the residual group were higher than that in the non-residual group (135.69 ± 48 35.18, 128.25 ± 35.55 vs 104.13 ± 20.19, 98.14 ± 18.9, respectively; P < 0.05), and the 49 area under the curve (AUCs) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC)were 0.770 and 50 0.767, respectively (P < 0.05). 51 Conclusions 52 SWE can be used to monitor changes in cervix and paracervical stiffness, and to assist in 53 assessments of the efficacy of radiotherapy in cervical cancer. 54


A cable coil cable dividing machine comprises a cable guide seat and two cable coil fixing seats. The cable coil cable dividing machine is characterized in that the cable guide seat is arranged on a horizontal guide seat guide rail, the guide seat guide rail is placed on a stand column, and a metering panel is arranged beside the cable guide seat; a metering inductor is arranged above the metering panel, controls rotation of a cable coil guide seat motor and drives the cable guide seat to move back and forth along the guide seat guide rail; the cable coil fixing seats are arranged on guide columns on seat frames in a penetrating mode and moves vertically under the action of upright screws driven by height adjusting motors, and the seat frames are placed on a guide rail of a base and move left and right under the action of horizontal screws driven by width adjusting motors; one cable coil fixing seat is provided with a fixed shaft head, a driving rod driven by a dividing driving motor is arranged on the other cable coil fixing seat, and a rotary shaft head and a driving head are arranged on the driving rod; a cable coil supporting plate is further arranged on the guide rail of the base. The cable coil cable dividing machine is simple in structure, convenient to use and high in dividing precision. Automatic operation of cable dividing in an electric power material warehouse is achieved.