PurposeThis paper applies Bhabha's concept of the third space to frame an understanding of Prem Sikka's use of digital media to bridge the academic–activist binary. In doing this, the paper makes two contributions. First, it conceptualises Sikka's engagement, and second, through the lens of the third space, it analyses it to establish whether, in the era of the neoliberal corporatised university, public intervention has the potential to generate new perspectives and new knowledge.Design/methodology/approachSikka's articles and blogs for the period 20 February 2002 to 15 April 2020 were analysed using Leximancer, a textual analysis software programme that displays the output visually. A discriminant analysis was used to identify where each year of the study is situated in the overall semantic analysis. Netnography, the examination of archived published texts, was then used to analyse the responses by members of the public, academics, accountants and auditors, tax experts, policy makers and regulators to Sikka's digital media engagement.FindingsAs a third space practitioner, Sikka has overcome some of the shortcomings associated with academic research to challenge the activities of professional accounting firms, regulatory bodies and multinational corporations. Through extending the boundaries of accounting and accountability, he has facilitated new radical alliances aiming to create a just and equitable society. The paper also finds that by opening up a third space of engagement, academic activists' work can play an essential part in social transformation and emancipatory change framed in terms of social justice and equity.Originality/valueThis is one of the few papers to provide an in-depth examination of the activities of an accounting activist over twenty years.


During the finishing hot rolling process a steel strip is heated up to about 1000° C and sent through a sequence of typically six up to eight mill stands, until a desired thickness of only a couple of millimeters is reached. Due to numerous undesired effects, like imperfections of thickness and temperature profile of the incoming strip, the strip run happens to deviate from a desired path, which not only affects the quality of the produced strip, but also might cause damages at the plant. Thereby arising economic burden covers wasted strips, plant damage, and production stops. In order to avoid this, and at the same time to improve the quality of the strips, steel industry is interested in the application of new control strategies.


The paper investigates various aspects of citation practices on the basis of all citations appearing in full volumes of eight principal journals at 10-year intervals. The growth of the number of citations is in good agreement with the findings for other fields, and the mean age of citations declines over time by about 6 months per decade. Most journal articles have a significant tendency to cite other articles published in the same journal, and the cross-reference patterns are employed to rank the journals in terms of importance. An examination of the list of most frequently cited authors reveals that Nobel prizewinners are characteristically on at least one, but most often more than one, list (a decade apart) and permits tentative predictions as to who future prizewinners will be.


This guide provides suggested resources related to performing arts entrepreneurship and leadership in U-M Libraries, at the University, and beyond.


Introduction. Alzheimer disease (AD) becomes "disease of the century" by its prevalence, morbidity, prediction and economic impact. Paper aims of present and our following studies on AD were represented by the achievement of a global and unitarian bio-medical research of this inflammatory-degenerative pathology, the description of AD alterations in brain structures and by the correlation with the same changes from cerebral senescence. Materials and methods. Human brains from AD patients and old people, as well as aging brains from Wistar rats and guinea pigs were investigated by macroand microscopic morphological methods. Results and Discussions. In AD patients, gross, imagistic and sectional anatomy revealed severe diffuse cortical atrophy (gyral narrowing and sulcal widening), ventricular dilatation and intense atrophy of the hippocampus and amygdala. Using microscopic anatomy, histology and cytology investigations, as AD structural hallmarks, we observed neuronal loss, amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, especially in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala and nucleus basalis of Meynert. In addition, we found neuropil threads, vascular amyloidosis, granulovacuolar degeneration, Hirano and Lewy bodies. All these neuropathological changes coexist with important lipopigment storages (lipofuscin and ceroid), landmarks of brain aging. The same modifications are presented in old human and animal brains, but much more reduced as number and intensity. Authors discuss the epistemological evolution of these pathological structural concepts and their pathophysiological significance. Conclusions. This study is the first Romanian research, where AD brains were investigated from anatomohistologico-tissual level to cellular-subcellular and extracellular pathology. Also, the authors achieved a comparative and correlative research between AD and old brains from humans to animals.


A spatiotemporal noise is assumed to reflect the environmental fluctuation in a spatially extended tumor system. We introduce firstly the structure factor to reveal the invasive tumor growth quantitatively. The homogenous environment can lead to an expansive growth of the tumor cells, while the inhomogenous environment underlies an infiltrative growth. The different responses of the above two cases are separated by a characteristic critical intensity of the spatiotemporal noise. Theoretical and numerical results present a close annotation to the clinical images.


Methylpentaphenylsilole (MPPS) and tetraphenylethene (TPE) are two archetypal luminogens that show the novel effect of aggregation-induced emission (AIE). In this work, TPE moieties are attached to MPPS core as peripheral groups at 2,5- and 3,4-positions to generate new AIE luminogens. The resulting 2,5- and 3,4-BTPEMTPS adducts are weakly fluorescent in dilute solutions but become highly emissive as solid aggregates, verifying their AIE activities. Although weak in the absolute term, the emissions of the 2,5- and 3,4-BTPEMTPS luminogens are stronger than those of their parent forms of MPPS and TPE, due to the steric effect of the bulky TPE pedants on the intramolecular motions, especially the rotations of the phenyl rotors, in the BTPEMTPS systems. The emissions of 2,5-BTPEMTPS in the solution and aggregate states are more efficient and redder than those of 3,4-BTPEMTPS, revealing that the former is electronically more conjugated than the latter. Both the BTPEMTPS regioisomers are morphologically and the...


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Vertically stacked (×3 wires stacked) Ge0.92Sn0.08 NWs were realized for the first time. This structure could be used for the fabrication of high performance Ge1-xSnx GAA NW MOSFETs.


Preface Introduciton I. GENERAL ISSUES 1. Richard Brandt, "Ethical Relativism" 2. Karl Popper, "Facts, Standards, and Truth: A Further Criticism of Relativism" 3. James Rachels, "The Challenge of Cultural Relativism" II. RELATIVISM AND MORAL DIVERSITY 4. William Graham Sumner, "Folkways" 5. Ruth Benedict, "Anthropology and the Abnormal" 6. W.D. Ross, "The Meaning of Right" 7. Michele Moody-Adams, "The Empirical Underdetermination of Descriptive Cultural Relativism" 8. Carl Wellman, "The Ethical Implications of Cultural Relativity" III. ON THE COHERENCE OF MORAL RELATIVISM 9. Betsy Postow, "Dishonest Relativism" 10. David Lyons, "Ethical Relativism and the Problem of Incoherence" 11. T.M. Scanlon, "Fear of Relativism" IV. DEFENCE AND CRITICISM 12. Gilbert Harman, "Is There a Single True Morality" 13. Philippa Foot, "Moral Relativism" 14. Martha Nussbaum, "Non-Relative Virtues: An Aristotelian Approach" 15. Gordon Graham, "Tolerance, Pluralism, and Relativism" 16. Thomas Nagel, "Ethics" V. RELATIVISM, REALISM, AND RATIONALITY 17. J.L. Mackie, "The Subjectivity of Values" 18. Richard Brandt, "Relativism Refuted?" 19. Thomas Carson and Paul Moser, "Relativism and Normative Nonrealism: Basing Morality on Rationality" Bibliography


This thesis describes the implementation and the evaluation of a graphical user interface (GUI) employing the Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) technique. The GUI was implemented on a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) featuring a 4.5– inch touch-sensitive colour screen. The aim of the user evaluation was two-fold: firstly, to compare self-paced RSVP with reading on paper medium, in terms of reading speed, reading comprehension, reading efficiency, experienced workload and readers' attitude; secondly, to examine whether sonification (adding audio information) of the text is a way to heighten the reading experience when reading with RSVP. The user evaluation was conducted with ten subjects using a repeated-measurement design. The texts used were six chapters of August Strindberg's "Roda Rummet". Four different conditions were administered: book, two self-paced RSVP formats, and a sonified RSVP format presented at constant speed. The evaluation showed no significant differences in reading speed, comprehension, or reading efficiency between reading from the book and the self-paced RSVP conditions. A linear speed-accuracy trade-off between comprehension and reading speed was found. For each 100-word increase in reading speed comprehension decreased by 9%. The subjects rated all six factors in a workload index, except Physical demand, significantly higher for the self-paced RSVP conditions than for paper medium. Regarding attitude, subjects found RSVP significantly more difficult, less comprehensible, and less stimulating than reading from a book.


Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses or imbalances in a person's intake of energy and/or nutrients. The burden of childhood malnutrition in developing countries continues to rise posing significant obstacle to achievement of better child health interventions. Several factors are involved in causation of malnutrition with Arid and Semi-Arid lands greatly affected as a result of erratic weather patterns, droughts, conflicts, poor access to health services and food among others. This study aims at investigating the risk factors for child malnutrition in North Rift Arid and semi-Arid lands (ASAL) counties of Kenya based on the 2014 Demographic and Health survey (DHS) data.
The main objective of the study was to determine and model various causal factors of malnutrition in ASAL areas of North Rift Kenya. Specifically (i) to determine the predictors of child malnutrition in the North Rift arid and semi-arid lands (ASAL) counties of Kenya (ii) to determine the level of influence of risk factors and (iii) Assess vulnerability to malnutrition using the DHS data and other causal Factors.
Secondary analysis of 2014 Kenya Demographic and health survey data was conducted for the study area comprising of 2,278 children living in 151 clusters. The percentage of malnourished children in each cluster was computed based on the anthropometric z scores. Independent variables were various household level and environmental factors extracted at cluster level. Predictors of malnutrition were analysed using spatial lag model taking into account the spatial dependence in the datasets.
Results obtained show significant predictors to be temperature, place of delivery, Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), poverty index, Illiteracy and drinking sources of water with strongest association observed between malnutrition and Temperature. A 1-unit increase in temperature was associated with 31% increase in malnutrition. Most constituencies in Turkana County are highly vulnerable to malnutrition based on factors significantly associated with malnutrition in ASAL Areas with Turkana North, central & South Constituencies most vulnerable. Areas of Samburu North bordering Turkana East constituency are also vulnerable and Eastern parts of Samburu East constituency. Most parts of Baringo, West pokot, Western parts of Turkana County and Laikipia counties recorded low to medium vulnerability.
Temperature variation, EVI were observed to be likely drivers of malnutrition in ASAL areas. Spatial modelling of these factors better informs on specific areas to be targeted in nutrition based programmes.


Objective To observe the prophylactic effect of Tripterygium hypoglaucum Hutch(THH) extract on acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD) in mice following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT).Methods 1×108 bone marrow cells mixed with 1×108 spleen cells from C57BL/6 mice were transplanted into the death irradiated BABL/c mice to establish the aGVHD model.Recipient mice were treated with 0.9% sodium chloride(group A),ciclosporin A(group B),THH extract(group C) and THH combined with CsA(group D).The signs of clinical aGVHD,histological evidence of aGVHD were assessed by survival,CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets,CD4+CD25+ subpopulation and the expression of Foxp3 in splenocytes after HSCT.Results The medium survival time for group A was 9 days and within 20 days after HSCT,all mice died,while that in groups B,C and D was over 30 days,which was significantly longer than in group A(P0.05).Group A mice exhibited significant clinical symptoms and histological signs of aGVHD,whereas those of groups B,C and D showed only mild clinical and histological signs of aGVHD.The ratio of CD4+ T cells/CD8+ T cells,percentage of CD4+CD25+ T cells and the level of Foxp3 in the spleen in groups B,C and D were higher than group A,and group D showed the maximum effect.Conclusion THH can prevent aGVHD after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice.The possible mechanism is involved in the upregulation of Foxp3 expression to induce CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and the regulation of the CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.THH combined with CsA showed synergic effect in the prevention of aGVHD.


Introduction: Schistosoma haematobium is the primary cause of urinary schistosomiasis in man. It is rare to find other human schistosome species in urine because they are located in the intestines, or those of animal origin. Mixed infections of human and animal species of schistosomes may occur in cattle breeding areas like Nigeria.

 Case Report: During a prevalence study on urinary schistosomiasis, two teenage boys from different local government areas (LGAs) of Kaduna State, Nigeria had mixed urinary Schistosoma infections. Their urine samples were centrifuged at 3000 rpm (revolutions per minute) for 5 minutes. Microscopic examination of the urine sediments revealed highly polymorphic eggs (or morphotypes). After subjecting the genomic DNA for detection of S. haematobium Dra 1 tandem repeat sequence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), it was not amplified. However, there was amplification in a classical urinary schistosomiasis caused by S. haematobium (which served as positive control).

 Conclusion: Unusual egg presentations in urinary schistosomiasis may present a dilemma in making diagnostic conclusion. Hence, these two cases suggest the possibility of human–animal Schistosoma hybrids circulating in the area, especially S. haematobium–S. bovis hybrids.


After a decoy is released, it can fly around the target aircraft in a short period of time. And it can radiate infrared spectral radiation similarly to the target do. So it is difficult to recognize the target aircraft. But in infrared images, decoys and targets have different geometrical features. So an infrared decoys recognition method based on the geometrical features is proposed in this paper. The geometrical features of the candidates in each image are extracted, such as the major axis, the minor axis, the aspect ratio, area etc. Then the differences on these geometrical features can be used to recognize targets and decoys. A simulation was done on a set of images that contain decoys and targets by using this method. The results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper can better distinguish infrared decoys and targets.


A partially ordered set (P, ≤) is called k-homogeneous if any isomorphism between k-element subsets extends to an automorphism of (P, ≤). Assuming the set-theoretic assumption ⋄(ϰ1), it is shown that for each k, there exist partially ordered sets of size ϰ1 which embed each countable partial order and are k-homogeneous, but not (k + 1)-homogeneous. This is impossible in the countable case for k ≥ 4.


In this paper, we estimate the rate of return to first degrees, Masters degrees and PhDs in Britain using data from the Labour Force Survey. We estimate returns to broad subject groups and more narrowly defined disciplines, distinguishing returns by gender and controlling for variations in student quality across disciplines. The results reveal considerable heterogeneity in returns to particular degree programmes and by gender, which have important policy implications for charging students for the costs of their education.


Review(s) of: Impact of the Modern: Vernacular Modernities in Australia 1870s-1960s, by Robert Dixon and Veronica Kelly, eds, Sydney: Sydney University Press, 2008.


We have quantitatively investigated the relationship between the aromaticity and structural stability of graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) using first-principles calculations. The aromaticity of each six-membered ring of GNFs is evaluated with the nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS). We have found that for armchair-edge GNFs, the degree of stability, that is, the edge formation energy, is proportional to the average NICS for all six-membered rings. Even for nitrogen- and boron-doped GNFs, the average NICS strongly correlates with the doping formation energy. Our results indicate that NICS is a good measure not only for the aromaticity but also for the structural stability of pristine/doped nanographene systems.


To establish a method for the determination of polysaccharides in Injectiones of Tremella medenterica.Using DNS method to determine the polysaccharide content.The absorptions of processed samples were tested at the wavelength of 499 nm;Regress equation:A=0.0272+0.7016C,r=0.9996(n=7);The average recovery was 100.7% with RSD=1.9 %.The method is convenient,rapid and reliable.It can be used for the quality control about Injectiones of Tremella medenterica.


There are obvious differences between the assembly construction method and the traditional cast-in-place construction. At present, the assembly construction technology and management standards have not been perfected in our country, and the acceleration of technology can create unparalleled cascades of benefits as well as new risks of catastrophe. Through a lot of literature research, this paper designs questionnaires including risk perception, convenience perception, managerial pressure, co-worker pressure, and judgement ability based on the theory of planned behavior, and conducts factor analysis on the collected data. Finally, based on the analysis results, corresponding management level factors, workers level factors and self-perception factors of unsafe behaviors in prefabricated buildings are proposed.


Facing the developmental trend of modern automobile instrument,it puts forward one software device project of electric automobile digital instrument. The digital instrument receive and deal with all kinds of automobile information from peripheral interface and display the results on the LCD. Firstly,it introduces the whole device project of electric automobile digital instrument. Secondly,it intro-duces the design ideas of four display interfaces of digital instrument in detail. In the end,it explains the design ideas of application about digital instrument.


Because of the needs for producing highly reliable products and reducing product development time, Accelerated Life Testing (ALT) has been widely used in new product development as an alternative to traditional testing methods. The basic idea of ALT is to expose a limited number of test units of a product to harsher-than-normal operating conditions to expedite failures. Based on the failure time data collected in a short time period, an ALT model incorporating the underlying failure time distribution and lifestress relationship can be developed to predict the product reliability under the normal operating condition. However, ALT experiments often consume significant amount of energy due to the harsher-than-normal operating conditions created and controlled by the test equipment used in the experiments. This challenge may obstruct successful implementations of ALT in practice. In this dissertation, a new ALT design methodology is developed to improve the reliability estimation precision and the efficiency of energy utilization in ALT. This methodology involves two types of ALT design procedures – the sequential optimization approach and the simultaneous optimization alternative with a fully integrated doubleloop design architecture. Using the sequential optimum ALT design procedure, the statistical estimation precision of the ALT experiment will be improved first followed by energy minimization through the optimum design of controller for the test equipment. On the other hand, we can optimize the statistical estimation precision and energy consumption of an ALT plan simultaneously by solving a multi-objective optimization


This study explores the relevance and implications of resource efficiency for five distinct, vitally important resource themes: energy, land, phosphorus, fresh water and fish stocks. Natural resources underpin the functioning of both the European and the global economy. They critically shape prospects for current and future quality of life over the coming decades. Key questions addressed in this study are: What are the impacts of current and projected resource use up to 2050 and in which parts of the world will they be felt most? What are the potential effects of boosting resource efficiency in different world regions? Is policy intervention conceivable? How would such interventions interact with other resources not targeted; and how does resource efficiency relate to efforts to mitigate climate change?


Nearly 8 million American adults have reported experiencing problems with balance. However, there have been few studies on balance among the young adult, and even fewer studies found on gender difference. PURPOSE: To determine if balance differences exist between males and females at the college level. METHODS: Sixteen college students, seven males and nine females, 21-26 years of age, participated in a CTSIB test. The Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Balance (CTSIB) is standardized test for balance assessment on a static surface. The test provides a generalized assessment of how well an individual can integrate various senses with respect to balance and compensate when one or more of those senses are compromised. The CTSIB with consist of four, 30 second tests; Condition 1 - eyes open firm surface, Condition 2 - eyes closed firm surface, Condition 3 - eyes open on a dynamic surface, Condition 4 - eyes closed on dynamic surface. Of the two tests on a firm surface, both genders scored the worse on condition 1. However, females demonstrated 47.50 % more sway, then the males. Results from this study suggest that college males have superior balance to females.


Thank you very much for reading creationism trojan horse the wedge of intelligent design. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their chosen books like this creationism trojan horse the wedge of intelligent design, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious virus inside their computer.


that financial difficulties require a lowering of standards. The most promising developments are located in those provincial theatres which have sought a regional identity, or among the Fringe groups which allow writers, directors and actors the freedom to evolve new styles and techniques in co-operation with one another. The author makes some attempt to set the present situation in a historical perspective and, in the first and last chapters, respectively, he discusses the motives which lead some people to act and others to watch them perform, but his references here to Laing and Durkheim, are too tentative and perfunctory to be of value. The book's real use is as a repository of facts, gathered from personal interviews with a number of theatre workers. As such it is competent journalism. But like most journalism, it fails to distinguish between the relevant and the irrelevant, and it is certainly not the comprehensive sociology of the contemporary English theatre we still require, although such a study might draw on Hayman's book with profit. M.R.


The structure of RIPK2 kinase bound to the XIAP BIR2 domain reveals the essential role of the RIPK2 dimer in NOD2 signalling and explains the mechanism of anti-inflammatory drugs targeting this complex.


The global economic crisis aroused by the U.S.sub-loan crisis has had enormous influence on world economic development.Chinese economy has also been seriously affected,and economic growth in 2008 fell substantially.China has adopted a 4 trillion RMB investment plan and the revitalization plan of ten industries to deal with the economic crisis and stimulate economic growth.In the light of China's economic structure and industrialization stage,the 4 trillion RMB investment plan and the revitalization plan of ten industries will have positive impact on China's economic development.However,in the long run,we must change the investment-led and second-industry-led economic development model,expand domestic demand,and promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.


As a result of several years of research, a well-developed technology in the area of reluctance motor has now evolved. A reluctance machine consists of a rotor, which has no windings of any kind, and is free to rotate between the pole pieces of a stationary singly or multiply excited magnetic structure known as stator. This paper analyses and compares two different types of switched reluctance motor/generator and their applications. In the motor/generators analysis, the finite element technique is employed, where as in the experimental study, two prototype motor/generators have been built and tested.


Donghai Bridge is the first sea crossing bridge in the true sense in China. The piles installed for the bridge were not only large in their diameters and long in their length but also in great quantities, which were seldom seen on domestic projects. The paper presents an overview of the installation of piles for the bridge in the inclement natural conditions in the open seas.


While paired student discussion tests in EFL contexts are often graded using rubrics with broad descriptors, an alternative approach constructs the rubric via extensive written descriptions of video-recorded exemplary cases at each performance level. With its long history of deeply descriptive observation of interaction, Conversation Analysis (CA) is one apt tool for constructing such exemplar-based rubrics; but to what extent are non-CA specialist teacher-raters able to interpret a CA analysis in order to assess the test? This study explores this issue by comparing two paired EFL discussion tests that use exemplar-based rubrics, one written by a CA specialist and the other by EFL test constructors not specialized in CA. The complete dataset consists of test recordings (university-level Japanese learners of English, and secondary-level Swedish learners of English) and recordings of teacher-raters' interaction. Our analysis focuses on ways experienced language educators perceive engagement while discussing their ratings of the video-recorded test talk in relation to the exemplars and descriptive rubrics. The study highlights differences in the way teacher-raters display their understanding of the notion of engagement within the tests, and demonstrates how CA rubrics can facilitate a more emically grounded assessment.


Fibromyalgia has previously been categorized as primary, secondary, and juvenile fibromyalgia. However, these definitions do not adequately further understanding of the etiopathology of disease nor do they help direct new specific therapies. Herein, we review the previously known categorizations of fibromyalgia. Based on common patient characteristics and previously studied pathophysiologies, we propose new subcategorizations of fibromyalgia that we have self-narrated, including hormonal fibromyalgia, neuroendocrine fibromyalgia, psychologic fibromyalgia, inflammatory fibromyalgia, and lastly neuropathic fibromyalgia. To verify, add to, and fully describe these self-narrated categories of fibromyalgia that we have proposed, future research needs to be done.


We explore the Four-wave mixing (FWM) and Normal mode splitting (NMS) in a coupled double quantum dot (CDQDs) cavity system in the presence of Kerr nonlinear medium. This system with a double dot optical cavity can be utilized as a sensitive mass sensor. The findings presented here could be valuable in the realms of sensitive detectors and quantum data processing.


Reserve University has resulted in the development of a nonsmooth framework for global adaptive control of a significant class of nonlinearly parameterized systems. currently developing a family of Nonlinear Adaptive Control algorithms for underactuated mechanical systems based upon this ground breaking research. The pursuit of more capable and versatile systems is driving the need for more and more capable control system design techniques. In particular, control systems are becoming increasing important for bridging gaps left by design tradeoffs. One example of particular interest is the control of a vehicle mounted gun or mortar on a Light Armored Vehicle (LAV). In this application, the transportability of the LAV is of paramount importance and hence, any gun/mount system must be made as light as possible. For the lightweight application envisioned with the LAV, a lighter, and therefore, more flexible structure is necessary to satisfy weight constraints. Unfortunately, the lighter, more flexible structure does not supply a suitable ground for more traditional controllers such as those used to control the main guns of heavier fighting vehicles that possess heavier and more rigid gun mount structures. In order to adequately control gun attitude on the LAV, a control scheme capable of accommodating the system compliance over a large range of operating conditions is needed. Orbital Research, Inc. (ORI), in conjunction with Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), is developing a suite that have a tremendous number of applications. In particular, they are ideally suited for underactuated systems, i.e. for systems that possess more degrees of freedom than control inputs. This type of system occurs frequently in mechanical systems that possess structural flexibility or in the design of fault tolerant controllers to accommodate the loss of actuation. For example, crane booms can have significant flexibility and typically have no actuation designed to control the boom dynamics. Another example is the control of a fighter aircraft, in combat scenarios it may be necessary to control a damaged aircraft that has, for example, lost an engine and has damage to one of its wings. The undamaged control surfaces can be used to compensate for the engine loss, asymmetric flow resulting from wing damage, as well as the loss of control surfaces via higher order coupling effects in the fighter aerodynamics. In both of these cases, it may be impossible to stabilize the systems via any smooth static or dynamic feedback. ORI's approach to nonlinear adaptive control design is …


The authors conducted theoretical and empirical analysis of mechanisms of adjustment disorders (internalizing, externalizing and mixed) inherent in the family of origin. As the basis for the analyses, a systemic approach to the family was adopted, and within it, typological differentiation based on the concept of David Field (correct, chaotic, power, entangled and overprotective family), as well as the concept of emotional and behavioural disorders of Thomas M. Achenbach, which distinguishes internalizing, externalizing and mixed disorders. An analysis of relations between types and dimensions (syndromes) of adjustment disorders and types of the family of origin was attempted. The analysis showed that the quality of the family of origin (indicated by type) to a small extent determines differences in the types of adjustment disorders. However, certain significant tendencies were observed, which allow to conclude that specific forms of disorders are connected with particular features of the family of origin (taking into account differentiation resulting from parental roles: mother and father).


Background: to determine the distribution and evolution of mutational processes in metastatic breast cancers (mBC), together with their clinical relevance Methods: Whole exome sequencing (Hi-Seq, Illumina) and determination of copy number alterations (CNA) (CGH array / SNP6.0) were performed in 240 and 692 metastatic breast cancers respectively. Mutational processes were defined according to Alexandrov (Nature, 2013). Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) was determined by genome wide assessment of loss-of-heteroygosity (LOH) on SNP6.0 (n = 210). Finally, genomic instability was assessed by the % of genome altered assessed by CGH / SNP6.0 Results: Whole exome sequencing showed that HR+/Her2- metastatic breast cancer presented an increased contribution of APOBEC-related signatures, as compared to early breast cancer (TCGA) (58% of the mutations vs 31%, p 200 non-synonymous mutations). This acquisition of an hypermutator genotype was confirmed in five paired primary-metastatic samples. An operational APOBEC-related signature 13 was associated with a poor outcome in a multivariate analysis (HR: 1.75, 95%CI: 1.1-2.7, p = 0.017). High LOH score (HRD) was observed in 30% of HR+/Her2- mBC as compared to 13% of early HR+/Her2- early BC (p Citation Format: Patsouris A, Filleron T, Jacquet A, Goncalves A, Bonnefoi H, Letourneau C, Bachelot T, Jimenez M, Andre F. Mutational processes, genome evolution and outcome in metastatic breast cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD8-12.


Cytotoxic macrophages have been isolated Moloney sarcoma virus (MSV) tumors induced in uncompromised, immunosuppressed and athymic nude mice. Macrophages from compromised mice were least as active as those from uncompromised mice when tested against the autochthonous MSV target cells. Although both cytolytic and cytostatic activity could demonstrated with all tumor‐derived macrophages, cytostatic and cytolytic effects could be distinguished from each other only at high effector target‐cell ratios. A variety of target cells were compared for sensitivity to various tumor‐associated macrophages. The auto chthonous virus‐infected MSV‐target cells appeared be more sensitive to the macrophage effects than fast growing, established cell lines. Normal embryo fibroblasts were only slightly affected. Peritoneal exudate cells from tumor‐bearers were much less active than either the tumor‐isolated macrophages or bone‐marrow culture‐derived macrophages. Both were more active than control peritoneal cells. Although no quantitative or qualitative differences in macrophage activity could be detected in mice with regressing lesions immuno‐compromised mice with progressing lesions, the ratio of macrophages to «sarcoma» cells was three to five times higher in regressing tumors.


The thesis compares benefit payments until the year 2006, and social benefits after the change of the Social Law in 2007.


Purpose: The paper assesses the impact of uncertainty on financial and sustainability reporting. It also indicates the impact of corporate governance mechanisms in strengthening corporate reporting quality in times of uncertainty.Methodology/approach: The main research method is the analysis of the scientific and professional literature. The method of analysis and synthesis was used for inference.Findings: The article reveals key aspects of uncertainty in financial reporting and corporate sustainability reporting. It shows the impact of inherent uncertainty, as well as economic and business uncertainty. It interprets the empirical results presented in the literature on corporate governance mechanisms in ensuring corporate reporting quality in times of uncertainty. The article identifies the risk of fraudulent reporting as a consequence of uncertain conditions and reveals the features of corporate governance institutions and instruments that help mitigate this risk.Research limitations/implications: The article does not contain a detailed analysis of the legislative premises for the functioning of corporate governance mechanisms. Infer-ence unifies corporate governance systems and is based on empirical results presented in the literature. The limitations may set the path for future scientific research. The article explains the possibilities of using corporate governance mechanisms to ensure the quality of corporate reporting in times of uncertainty, and its implications may support managers, controllers, auditors, accountants and regulators.Originality/value: Due to the lack of exhaustive research in the research area, the article reduces the cognitive gap in the Polish literature.


The purpose of this study is to compare differences on information search patterns, spending behaviors, and satisfaction levels among visitors attending three event types. The existing literature has by and large addressed visitor behaviors based on visitor characteristics. This study, however, takes an approach from the supply side and distinguishes visitor behaviors against three event types at the same destination. The study was conducted in a Midwestern college town where 536 usable surveys were collected through onsite interceptions. One-way ANOVA test were employed to test the behavioral differences at three experiences stages (preevents, during, and postevents). The ANOVA test indicate that festival attendees relied heavily on past experiences and had the highest satisfaction level among all event attendees. Conferences attendees tended to stay the longest and sporting event goers spent the most during the event. Implications and future directions of research are provided on this topic.


Humans have drastically altered the nitrogen (N) cycle during the past century, enriching ecosystems from the tropics to the tundra with unprecedented inputs of novel N. This N is known to have many negative impacts, such as contributing to acidification, eutrophication, and biodiversity loss. Reactive nitrogen emissions can also contribute to global warming because the N2 O fraction has a global warming impact ca. 300 times greater than CO2 per molecule. In addition to these negative impacts, atmospheric N deposition may stimulate a globally significant quantity of C sequestration, thereby mitigating climate change. The study by Schulte-Uebbing et al. quantified the impact of atmospheric N deposition on C uptake by forests globally, and weighed this climate benefit against the global warming impact of N2 O emissions. A major conclusion was that the C benefits of atmospheric deposition in global forests is smaller than previously estimated (only 41 Tg C yr-1 ), accounting for only 2% of the net annual forest C uptake. The study concluded that the warming effect of N2 O emissions far exceeded the cooling effects of C uptake. Future research will need to quantify similar tradeoffs in non-forested environments, as well as further reduce uncertainty in upscaling estimates to the global forest area.


Interviews were conducted with forty-two women with extensive abuse histories who had killed their intimates and fifty-nine women with similar abuse histories who were in shelters for battered women. Controlling for demographic and other differences, analyses indicated that alcohol and other drug use ably distinguished between the two groups of women (correctly classifying 89% of the cases), and that alcohol use was more salient than other drug use. The partner's alcohol use and the respondent's alcohol use were significantly higher among the intimate homicide group, suggesting an association between intimate homicide and alcohol use. Alcohol counseling should, therefore, be a significant part of programs for both battered women and for men who batter.


Background; Glaucoma is a multifactorial disease involving progressive optic neuropathy and altered intraocular hemodynamics; furthermore, glaucoma can cause blindness if it is left untreated. Aim of the study: To explore effects of topical diltiazem on intraocular pressure (IOP) in each of normal and ocular hypertensive rabbits. Materials and methods: A group of 54 males of the rabbits were included in the present study. Induction of ocular hypertension was achieved by injection of hydroxy propyl methylcellulose in the anterior chamber of rabbits right eye. In addition to distilled water (as negative control), each of timolol (as positive control) and diltiazem (the tested drug) eye drops were instilled 3 times daily to right eye prophylactically for 4 days and therapeutically Results: Part Ι: Diltiazem (0.5%) caused highly significant (P < 0.01) reduction in intraocular pressure of right eye . *Assist. Lecturer in Pharmacology, Dept. of Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadissiya, Al-QadissiyaIraq. **Assist. Prof. in Pharmacology, Dean College of Pharmacy. University of Kerbala. Kerbala-Iraq. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com ***Ophthalmologist, Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital. Al-QadissiyaIraq.


Ethene homopolymerizations and copolymerizations with 1-hexene were catalyzed by methylaluminoxane-activated (1,2,4-Me3Cp)2ZrCl2. Investigations of the effects of various pressures on the homopolymerizations and copolymerizations and of the effects of different concentrations of trimethylaluminum (TMA) on the copolymerizations were performed. The characteristics of the ethene/1-hexene copolymers agreed with expectations for changes in the ethene concentration: the incorporation of 1-hexene decreased, whereas the melting point and crystallinity increased, with increasing pressure. The main termination mechanism of the homopolymerizations was β-hydrogen transfer to the monomer. Termination mechanisms resulting in vinylidene unsaturations dominated in the copolymerizations. Standard termination mechanisms producing vinyl and trans-vinylene unsaturations occurred in parallel and were not influenced by the ethene or TMA concentration. In addition, some chain transfer to TMA, producing saturated end groups after hydrolysis, occurred. Copolymerizations with different additions of TMA, with the other polymerization conditions kept constant, showed that the catalytic productivity [tons of polyethylene/(mol of Zr h)], the 1-hexene incorporation, and the molecular weight (from gel permeation chromatography) were independent of the TMA concentration. Surprisingly, the vinylidene content decreased almost linearly with increasing TMA concentration. TMA might have coordinated to the catalytic site after 1-hexene insertion and rotation to the β-agostic state and, therefore, suppressed the standard termination reactions after 1-hexene insertion. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 2584–2597, 2005


This page answers frequently asked legal research questions both on where to get started and how to locate tricky material


The utility model relates to a frequency-reconfigurable microstrip antenna. The antenna is fed by adopting a side-feed mode and comprises a dielectric plate and an SMA connector, wherein the upper surface of the dielectric plate is provided with a semicircular radiating element, and an inner ring of the semicircular radiating element is vertically provided with a microstrip antenna; the lower surface of the dielectric plate is provided with a metal patch grounding plate; the metal patch grounding plate is transversely provided with a first slot and a second slot which are parallel to each other; the middle of a middle part of the first slot is provided with a patch radio frequency switch S9 in a crossed mode, the inner center of the SMA connector is connected with a microstrip feeder; and the outer surface of the SMA connector is connected with the metal patch grounding plate. According to the utility model, a filtering function is integrated in the frequency-reconfigurable microstrip antenna, so that the antenna is enabled to be used for sensing the whole frequency band, and then the bandwidth is adjusted so as to select an appropriate sub-band to carry out operations. The frequency-reconfigurable microstrip antenna can satisfy communication under various bandwidth and frequency band conditions, and has excellent application values in wireless communication.


We derive the limiting null distributions of the standard and OLS based CUSUM-tests for structural change of the coecients of a linear regression model in the context of long memory disturbances. We show that both tests behave fundamentally different in a long memory environment, as compared to short memory, and that long memory is easily mistaken for structural change when standard critical values are employed.


To the Editor: The evidence supports interventions to ensure the continuity of care after stroke in individuals aged 65 years and older, but research in stroke patients aged 80 and older is limited. In a 2016 study, we found that the prognosis of a relevant group of stroke survivors who attended inpatient postacute geriatric rehabilitation units in the Catalan public health system in southern Europe, with target patients and care standards equivalent to skilled nursing facilities, was potentially good enough to allow alternative management strategies, namely home-based comprehensive geriatric care and rehabilitation. We aimed to explore functional results of a new community-based protocol tailored to stroke survivors at risk of negative outcomes due to their advanced age and geriatric profile. We present case series of a clinical practice service, with data from consecutive patients with stroke attended during a 1-year period by a hospital-at-home program that demonstrated its effectiveness and efficiency for other disabling health processes. Older patients with stroke were selected from the acute ward of Hospital Municipal de Badalona, a 109-bed hospital in an urban area north of Barcelona, after being treated in the hyperacute phase. Inclusion criteria were age 65 years or older; geriatric profile (due to multimorbidity, frailty, or baseline disability); stroke resulting in a sudden onset of disability; good functional prognosis after acute treatments; a caregiver with sufficient physical and cognitive capacity to ensure healthcare at home 24 hours per day, 7 days a week; and providing informed written consent. The home-based protocols were aimed to provide individualized person-centered care plans by a multidisciplinary team, based on comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). Home visits were provided by nurses and geriatricians (1-5 visits/wk lasting between 30 and 60 min), and by physiotherapists and occupational therapists (1-3 visits/wk lasting up to 45 min). At admission to the home unit, we collected prestroke and poststroke disability (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] and Barthel Index), stroke type and severity, and clinical characteristics including geriatric syndromes. At discharge, we recorded destination, functional outcomes (based on mRS, Barthel Index score, absolute and relative functional gain), length of acute stay, and length of the intervention. Analyses were performed using Stata software v.11.1. We included 32 patients (87.5% ischemic; 12.5% hemorrhagic strokes). The population was very old (median age = 88.5 y [range = 81-91.7 y]) and disabled (median mRS = 2 [range = 1-3]; 56.2% had anmRS ≥2; prestroke median Barthel Index score 88 [range = 62-100]). After acute treatment, most patients hadmild-to-moderate symptoms (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale = 5.5 [range = 4-12.7]). At admission to home care, median Barthel Index was 48.5 (range = 33.5-65.7), representing a median functional loss of 31.5 points. Patients had a median of 4 (range = 3-5) geriatric syndromes; 37.5% had cognitive impairment, and 25% had delirium. Median length of stay was 9 days (range = 6-12 d) in the acute unit and 46.5 days (range = 38.2-60.2 d) in the home-based unit; 28 patients (87.5%)were discharged to the community. Table 1 shows patients' characteristics and outcomes according to baseline mRS subgroups. Outcomes were positive in all the groups, without differences in the discharge destination. Relative functional gain was especially good in the mRS 3 to 4 subgroup (moderate-to-severe disability). This pilot experience showed effective poststroke home-based care for very old patients. Most patients obtained very good functional outcomes and remained at home. Patients with moderate-to-severe prestroke disability achieved the best clinical results, with 13 of 14 patients recovering their baseline Rankin status. Little is known about home-based care for stroke survivors aged 80 years and older. In a randomized controlled trial published in this journal, including 120 first-time stroke patients, the home-based strategy was at least as effective as the hospital-based strategy; moreover, patients treated at home had less depression and fewer medical complications, and they were more likely to remain at home at 6 months. Similar to our work, many patients had various clinical conditions that increased the risk of negative outcomes, and the multidisciplinary approach was centered on a CGA-based protocol. The home-based care was provided tailored to individual patient conditions. Outcomes in this home-based pilot were similar to those achieved by the low complexity with caregiver profile in our previous study in nine inpatient units in Catalonia. If replicated in further studies, this community-based strategy might be expanded to provide care to this profile of stroke survivors throughout our health system, avoiding postacute inpatient admission. As a future research step, controlled multicenter designs should be implemented. In conclusion, despite older stroke survivors' vulnerability, related to their geriatric profile, those who meet minimum health and social criteria could achieve functional gains and positive outcomes through home-based patientcentered care, possibly due to the potential adaptability to person needs and views. DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15944


Verbal language and written language have different features inmeaning expression, norms, context dependence, and practical effect. Even inpractical use of written language, applied writing and literary writing havedifferent requirements. A clear idea of the differences will help understandthe style of language and improve the ability of language use.


The diketopyrrolopyrrole bearing an aza-18-crown-6 as a binding unit as well as a PPh3+ group is highly sensitive towards K+ and localizes selectively in mitochondria of cardiac H9C2 cells. Fast efflux/influx of mitochondrial K+ can be observed upon stimulation with nigericin.


About the Author. Preface. Acknowledgements. Biological Mechanisms of Pain. Measuring Painful Sensations. Learning About Pain. Beliefs, Images and Memories of Pain. Beliefs About Control and Causation Affecting Pain and Illness. Taking the Decision. The Consultation Process. Coping with Pain. The Social Features of Treating Pain. The Way Forward. References. Index.


The article encompasses the role and the meaning of the electronic social science journals in Russian periodical publications. To consider thee scientometric indicators of the electronic science publications the author uses the database of the Scientific electronic library eLibrary.ru. The key selection criterion is having the full-text open source articles, their timely updates according to the declared periodicity and the positioning of the journal as an electronic issue. A total of six electronic social science journals were selected; a comparative analysis of their scientometric features was carried out. According to the author`s conclusions based on the analysis, all electronic social science periodicals play an important role in Russian scientific periodicals (both for authors, and for readers). At the same time, most of them are developing towards increasing the bibliometric parameters. However, the interpretation of the data acquired reveals a serious problem which is low intensity scientific discussions that can be seen through law quotation of the articles of other authors.


Objective To establish a method for determination of the content of Nootkatone in Fructus Alpinia oxyphyllae,and to determine the content of Nootkatone in Fructus Alpinia oxyphyllae from different places by this new method.Methods The Diamonsil-C18(5 μm,250 mm×4.6 mm) column was used.The mobile phase was CH3CN-H2O(65:35) and the detection wavelength was set at 235 nm.The flow rate was 1.00 ml·min-1 and the column temperature was 40℃.Results The Nootkatone content showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0.115 2~0.268 8μg(r=0.999 9).The average recovery was 97.34% and RSD was 1.48%(n=6).the content of Nootkatone in Fructus Alpinia oxyphyllae from different places was within the range of 1.50~2.10 mg·g-1.Conclusion The method is simple and the result was reliable.It can be used for the quality control of this herbal medicine.


This paper propose a novel fault diagnosis of bearings approach based on sparse representation. Three steps are conducted to classify the fault types. In the dictionary learning step, dictionary is learned using training set with known fault types; in the sparse coding step, testing samples with unknown fault types are represented through spares representation model with sub-dictionaries extracted from the dictionary learned in the first step; in the last step, fault types are evaluated through a Hough voting process. Different from most conventional fault diagnosis methods, rejection mechanism can be easily introduced to guarantee the diagnosis accuracy, which is suitable in areas where high diagnosis accuracy is required such as nuclear and aerospace industries. Finally, an experiment is undertaken to verify the effectiveness of our model.


ABSTRACT The sixth species of Gonyleptellus is described from the mountains of Nova Friburgo in Rio de Janeiro State, south-eastern Brazil. Gonyleptellus camelopardalis sp. nov. more closely resembles G. pustulatus and G. angeloi due to the proapical apophysis curved backwards with a secondary branch, and more specifically the latter because of the reduced vamp on the retroapical apophysis. It can be distinguished from all other species of Gonyleptellus by the absence of tiles on area I, the restricted and low number of tiles on area II and the sinusoid retrolateral row of spines on femur IV. An updated key to the known species of the genus is presented. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:35CD5883-6AFF-4A6E-BF98-959DE0733BCF


The development of the Consort space launch vehicle concept, which uses the Space Shuttle main engines and recovers the boost phase engines individually, is discussed. The technology developed for the Consort concept is reviewed and the technical questions which must be addressed for the development of the concept are presented. The construction of a technology demonstrator vehicle for testing advanced launch systems is examined. The configurations of the demonstrator vehicle and the Consort vehicles are illustrated.


The corona virus, also known as COVID 19, was one of the earliest viral infections detected in Wuhan, China, according to the World Health Organization. According to the WHO, it is a newly discovered virus. The widespread spread of the coronavirus known as COVID-19 has caused disruptions in the world's educational system. Students have a tough time making plans for their futures because of the unpredictability of the disease's course of advancement and the impact it would have on both their health and their education if they were to contract it. Because of the sickness, several educational institutions had to close, which resulted in a loss of revenue for those who worked in those institutions. It was ultimately revealed to us that COVID-19 provided learners with a door-to-door chance to study. Education, one of the most important societal systems, has been badly disrupted as a result of the current worldwide epidemic. Despite its indisputable importance for both a nation's overall well-being and the personal growth of its citizens, the development of Covid-19 has placed education in jeopardy. It has had a tremendous impact on the lives of millions of children and teenagers all over the world.


This study explores how psychological contract mediates the relationship between transformational leadership (TFL) and performance to see how far these concepts, widely studied in the western context, are applicable in a non-western context. This study utilized a mixed-methodology case study based on a market-leading company in the consumer-electronics business in Thailand. There are 282 samples for quantitative data collection and utilize the three-equation approach to test the mediating effect. There are 55 participants for qualitative data, and thematic analysis was used. To explain the process, this research found three themes, feeling valued, the family atmosphere, and needing to repay the company's kindness. They need managers with TFL qualities to make them happen. This study reveals three insightful understandings of the concepts. Firstly, the distinction between transactional and relational elements of psychological contact is only apparent at the conceptual level, while in practice, they coincide. Secondly, job satisfaction contributes to organizational commitment. Lastly, the relational psychological contract reinforces the feeling of being overwhelmed by the company's kindness making employees want to work for the company until retirement.


The developmental progression of the material for the combined rotor of the steam turbine manufactured at home and broad was summarized.The effects of chemical composition and manufacturing technics on the steel of combined rotor were analyzed.And the comparison was done among six kinds of the rotor's material.It is pointed out that the service performance and manufacturing technology of the combined rotor of the steam turbine are now facing new challenge.More advanced technologies of smelting,ingot casting,forging and heat treatment will be applied to optimizing the material of the combined rotor.Besides,indepth research on the evolvement patterns of the rotor's material in service over a long period of time was developed.


The main purpose of the article is to present the small and medium-sized enterprises sector, their size and the possibility of choosing individual sources of financing, and above all a brief presentation of bank loans. They constitute one of the largest and the most important sources of financing of external origin and are the main financing source of the majority of investments of an enterprise.


ABSTRACT

Heavy metals of synthetic color can cause contamination for environment.
The worse effects of using this synthetic color cause the natural dye back to use
again. Raw materials of natural dye come from the plants, one of them is sap from
banana trees that produce brown color.
The making of textile natural dye from banana trees were done by soxhlet.
The parts were taken to make this natural dye were petioles, fruit stalks, and
trunks. The making of this natural dye used various kinds of banana trees, these
were raja, kepok, and ambon. The extraction was done in soxhlet by water as
solvent. After that the extract was evaporated by distillation. Then, the extract was
dried in the oven.
The result of experiments showed that kepok fruit stalk produce the most
of natural dye content, it was 2.45%, and the least content was ambon from
petiole, it was 1.51%.
Then the natural dye was tested to find this quality by Gray Scale and
Staining Scale analysis. The process was done to the clothes through the
coloration process with natural dye. Before doing this coloration process to these
clothes, we did the mordant process with alum (Al2(SO4)3) and soda ash (Na2CO3)
to removed the remaining oil, grease, starch, and impurity in the weaving process.
After coloration process, we did the lasing process to increase the discoloring
tenacity with lime (CaCO3).
After lasing process, clothes were washed in laundrymeter. Test results
indicated that textiles natural dye from banana trees quite resistant to laundering
because of a slight discolored. The results of Gray Scale analysis showed that the
petiole and the trunk of raja, the fruit stalk and the trunk of kepok, and the fruit
stalk of ambon had good of discolored evaluation. The Staining Scale analysis
showed that only the fruit stalk of raja and the petiole kapok, indicated good
enough results, and the discolored evaluation of the others kinds and parts from
banana trees were good.


Prentice-Hall is publishing a series of nine monographs under the rubric "Foundations of Immunology." The present monograph is the second to appear in print. It deals with the light microscopic and ultrastructural appearances of the tissues and organs which comprise the immune system, namely, bone marrow lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus. The cells of the immune system are then discussed not only in terms of their ultrastructure but also their origins, migrations, transformations, and biologic activities. Lastly, the monograph describes cellular and tissue responses in delayed hypersensitivity and in antibody production. The text is beautifully illustrated, well written, with pertinent references at the end of the chapters. Unfortunately, there are some errors which are disturbing, such as the stated action of thyrocalcitonin and the presumed chemical composition of basement membranes. This monograph will provide the present and recent student with up-to-date information in a field in which there are rapid


The aim of this thesis is to carry out an in-depth study of various aspects of breast cancer epidemiology. Firstly, we have confirmed that DCIS incidence in Girona has increased over recent decades. Proportions of screen-detected cancers, interval cancers and non-screen-detected cancers during the start-up phase of the mammographic screening programme were found to be 42.2%, 5.8% and 52.2%, respectively. Secondly, we have found that luminal A-like was the most frequent subtype associated with the best survival rate, while triple-negative breast cancer was related to the lowest survival rate. Importantly, we have concluded that breast cancer molecular subtype defined by IHC biomarkers provides prognostic value, regardless of age, tumour size, histological grade, lymph node involvement and method of detection. Finally, we have demonstrated that method of detection also provides prognostic value regardless of age, tumour size, histological grade, lymph node involvement and breast cancer molecular subtype defined by IHC biomarkers.


In recent years, accidental domestic gas explosions and concerns about terrorist attacks have increased interest in strengthening masonry walls against blast effects. The purpose of this article is to investigate the static out-of-plane behaviour of masonry walls strengthened with fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. A method to estimate the blast resistance of such strengthened walls is also proposed.


Soil temperature is one of the essential variables governing the land atmosphere interaction. In this study, we proposed a statistical algorithm to retrieve the surface soil temperature from AMSR-E brightness temperature (TB) observations. The algorithm was developed based on the regression relationship between AMSR-E TB and corresponding in situ soil temperature observed at the Naqu network in the central Tibetan Plateau (CTP-Naqu). The algorithm was validated by application in six soil observation networks distributed globally. The results demonstrate that the algorithm has high accuracy and good transferability and can be applied globally. Moreover, the new algorithm uses passive microwave observations and is able to retrieve soil temperature all-day and all-weather, which compensates the deficiency of thermal infrared-based algorithms that are vulnerable to cloud contamination.


A strong wind is blowing, lifting coins, but who looks for them? Who is ready to leave? Faust is-Goethe, seeking the intermaxilary bone of love. The Wandering Jew is-the stray dog and a stray bone; he goes wandering in circles. He's not a partner. Both Don Juan and his sex bustle about. Let him go to the hellish wine cellar. This is a Spanish version. Those three are dreams, which makes them humane. The growth of an alien seed in the belly of a woman before coming into the world-such humiliation drives women mad. They give birth and go crazy from childbirth. Why? Almost all the mothers of poets went mad: for example, J. Byron, 0. Balzac, H. de Maupasant, E. A. Poe, J. J. Rousseau, K. Batyushkov, R. Akutagawa, and so forth. To carry a fetus, with its ambiguous rhythm, with the puttering about ... After giving birth, a woman feels free. She is intuitive: she needs the one, who is ready to leave, and they meet halfway, and here exactly is the stone of love. And there's nothing but a motion around the stone. The daydreaming of a man is the daydream of death. Sea and lion have identical hides-those thousands of lions hurl themselves on a woman. Thousands!-in her imagination. But in reality there aren't even two (items), for example, in the USSR. One who hurls himself? Chemical water, soapy with filth. And so Martha washes the foot of Jesus, while Maria wipes it with her hair. Martha-


A calorimeter system was developed to measure decay heat generation rates of unmodified spent fuel assemblies from commercial nuclear reactors. The system was designed, fabricated, and successfully tested using the following specifications: capacity of one BWR or PWR spent fuel assembly; decay heat generation range 0.1 to 2.5 kW; measurement time of < 12 h; and an accuracy of +-10% or better. The system was acceptance tested using a dc reference heater to simulate spent fuel assembly heat generation rates. Results of these tests indicated that the system could be used to measure heat generation rates between 0.5 and 2.5 kW within +- 5%. Measurements of heat generation rates of approx. 0.1 kW were obtained within +- 15%. The calorimeter system has the potential to permit measurements of heat generation rates of spent fuel assemblies and other devices in the 12- to 14-kW range. Results of calorimetry of a Turkey Point spent fuel assembly indicated that the assembly was generating approx. 1.55 kW.


This paper examines students' perceptions of the use of group discussion as a collaborative learning tool among English-as-a-Second-language (ESL) learners when learning writing skills in university. Studies on collaborative learning have shown that group discussions enhance students' learning experiences and knowledge. Collaborative learning in the form of group discussions has encourages students to produce work that is creative as well as stimulate critical thinking. This form of learning further develops interpersonal skills and social relationships among students. Twenty-four university students divided into six groups were the respondents in this study. The data was collected using voice recorded transcriptions of a semi-structured interview session with each group after completing the collaborative learning activity. The transcriptions were then analysed qualitatively using the interpretative approach. The transcripts were read and reread until common ideas emerged that were then categorised and discussed under various themes. The results showed that students perceived that collaborative learning tended to help them reflect on the content and context of the tasks they had to carry out. This form of learning was perceived to increase their confidence and motivation to communicate with their peers in a second language, and there were higher rates of task completion.


Objective To express the multi-epitope gene(PvDBW) of Plasmodium vivax in Pichia pastoris.MethodsA multi-epitope gene(PvDBW) of P.vivax was designed,synthesized,cloned into expression vector pPIC9K,and expressed in P.pastoris GS115 by induced with 1% methanol.The expressed product was purified,identified with RT-PCR and Western blot. Results A 786 bp multi-epitope gene(PvDBW) of P.vivax was designed and synthesized,and recombinant plasmid pPIC9K/PvDBW was constructed.SDS-PAGE showed that the gene was expressed in form of soluble molecule in supernatant of induced pPIC9K/PvDBW/GS115 and the rate of the interesting peptide was 80 mg/L.The peptide was specifically recognized by patients' sera infected with P.vivax.The purity of expressed product reached above 90% after purified.Conclusion Recombinant plasmid pPIC9K/PvDBW is successfully constructed and the multi-epitope peptide of P.vivax is expressed in P.pastoris in supernatant in the form of soluble molecule.These results set up a foundation for the further experiments in animals.


The article presents new methodologies of researching the thermal, adhesive, and percussive phenomena in order to identify their impact on the performance of the cutting wedge with interrupted cutting. The necessity of considering the requirements for transforming, recording and measuring equipment is also marked.


In the early years of "Autobahn" in Switzerland most of the motorways were constructed by using concrete materials. Thirty or even forty years later these structures have reached the end of their service life and have to be rehabilitated in order to ensure safety and riding comfort. This is done in most cases nowadays with asphalt concrete overlays. These overlays normally include an intermediate layer consisting of a glass- or carbon fibre geotextile and/or a bituminous treatment. Since the adhesion between the old pavement and new overlays has not always been satisfying, the Swiss Road Authority ASTRA launched a research project to evaluate the adhesion parameters of various interlayer products as well as different application modes (e.g. influence of fine milling). The paper focuses on the results of this investigation and describes different methods to evaluate the interlayer adhesion properties. In the framework of the project not only the adhesion directly after construction was assessed but the adhesion performance of a rehabilitated motorway after half a year and one year under traffic will be discussed.


Abstract. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of targeted organizational forgetting on job performance in Arvand Petrochemical Company. The current research, in terms of purpose, is in the applied research group and, in terms of research type, is in the category of descriptive-causal research. Considering the data collection tools, which their aim is to describe the conditions or the phenomenon examined, this research is of a descriptive study type and since data collection in this study is supported by library studies and a questionnaire, it can be put into the field research group. The reliability of the questionnaire and its dimensions in this research was estimated using SPSS software and Cronbach's alpha. According to the result, which is above the minimum of 0.7, the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed. The questionnaire consisted of three sections related to the considered variables and was ranked by Likert scale and the statistical population was measured. The coefficient between the variable of targeted organizational forgetting and the job performance is equal to 0.590 and the corresponding t value is 9.649>1.96, so according to the t test, with a critical value of 0.05 at 95% confidence level, the null hypothesis can be rejected. As a result, with a 95% confidence, it can be said that targeted organizational forgetting has a significant effect on job performance. The results of the analysis of the first hypothesis of the research showed that "targeted organizational forgetting has a significant effect on job performance in Arvand Petrochemical Company". The coefficient between the targeted organizational forgetting and organizational learning equals 0.766 and the corresponding t value is 9.775>1.96, which according to t test with a critical value of 0.05 at a 95% confidence level, the null hypothesis can be rejected. As a result, with a 95% confidence, it can be said that targeted organizational forgetting has a significant effect on organizational learning. Key words: targeted organizational forgetting, organizational learning, job performance, knowledge management


The conformational energy map for the rotamers of dimethoxymethane has been calculated using both the 3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets with complete geometry optimization in each case. Higher level calculations including electron correlation also have been performed on selected rotamers. At larger torsional angles, the map has approximate 4-fold symmetry, and this symmetry may be used to quantify the difference in the interactions in the (+sc, {minus}sc) and (+sc, +sc) regions. Large changes in bond angles were found, and the dipole moment also changed considerably on C-O bond rotation. Calculations on equatorial and axial 2-methoxytetrahydropyran show that the axial form is favored by 1.33 kcal/mol, in fair agreement with experiment. Calculations also were carried out on the two lowest energy forms of 1,1-dimethoxyethane and on five forms of methyl propyl ether. Consideration of all these data indicates that the anomeric stabilization in dimethoxymethane is much greater than in sterically more congested systems, but the stabilization of 1,1-dimethoxyethane is similar to that of 2-methoxytetrahydropyran and other acetals.


1. INTRODUCTION In this paper we consider Simulated Annealing algorithms (SA in what follows) applied to continuous global optimization problems, i.e. problems with the following form f = min x2X f(x); (1.1) where X < n is a continuous domain, often assumed to be compact, which, combined with the continuity or lower semicontinuity of f, guarantees the existence of the minimum value f. SA algorithms are based on an analogy with a physical phenomenon: while at high temperatures the molecules in a liquid move freely, if the temperature is slowly decreased the thermal mobility of the molecules is lost and they form a pure crystal which also corresponds to a state of minimum energy. If the temperature is decreased too quickly (the so called quenching) a liquid metal rather ends up in a polycrystalline or amorphous state with a higher energy and not in a pure crystal. In 54] a Metropolis Monte Carlo method was proposed to simulate the physical annealing process. In 10] and 46] the analogies both between the conngurations of a physical system and the feasible points in an optimization problem, and between the energy function and the objective function of the optimization problem, lead to the deenition of SA algorithms for the solution of combinatorial optimization problems (see e.g. 72] for an extensive introduction to this subject). The approach has been later extended to continuous global optimization problems. 1 2 SA algorithms randomly generate at each iteration a candidate point and, through a random mechanism controlled by a parameter called temperature in view of the analogy with the physical process, they decide whether to move to the candidate point or to stay in the current one at the next iteration. More formally, a general SA algorithm for continuous global optimization can be described as follows. Step 0 Let x 0 2 X be a given starting point, z 0 = fx 0 g and k = 0; Step 1 sample a point y k+1 from the next candidate distribution D(; z k); Step 2 sample a uniform random number p in 0; 1] and set x k+1 = y k+1 if p A(x k ; y k+1 ; t k) x k otherwise where A is called the acceptance function and has values in 0; 1], while t k is a parameter called the temperature at iteration k; Step 3 set z k+1 = z k …


The invention discloses a skin-nourishing and protecting emulsion and a preparation method thereof. The skin-nourishing and protecting emulsion comprises the following raw materials: lithospermum corn oil, sweet almond oil, grape seed oil, glyceryl oleate citrate (GOC), rose corn oil, glycerol, propylene glycol, carbomer, triethanolamine, sodium alginate, elastin, glycine, D-panthenol, sodium lactate, ethylparaben, ethanol and distilled water. Compared with the prior art, the prepared skin-nourishing and protecting emulsion is light pink liquid, is moderate in viscosity, exquisite, uniform, light, wet, and fresh and quietly elegant in smell, has good nourishing, moistening and skin-smoothing effects, and can be used for enabling skin to be elastic and white after use.


The questions of conditioning forming of healthy method of life of pupils of general educational educational establishments are probed. In an experiment 156 pupils took part in age from 6 to 17 years. It is set that the characteristic feature of bodily condition of health of pupils is a result of the protracted unfavorable influence of socio-economic, ecological and pedagogical factors. An idea speaks out, that search of the new going near organization of an educational educate process at school it is necessary to send educations to humanizing. It will provide creation of optimum terms for spiritual growth of personality, valuable realization of psychophysical possibilities, maintainance and strengthening of health. It is well-proven that realization of the personality oriented approach taking into account basic valeological principles positively influences on the process of education of responsible attitude toward an own health as to the greatest individual and public value.


The 4000–2000 cm−1 infrared spectral region from transmission FTIR spectra of films (≈ 220 μm thick) of amorphous poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(ethylene 2, 6-naphthalenedicarboxylate) (PEN) was analyzed. In addition to the strong bands for the stretching vibration modes of H-C bonds, the ester-overtone band at about 3430 cm−1 and a doublet (3630, 3550 cm−1) band, related to absorbed water, appear. The spectra for these materials show significant differences in absorptivity and frequency for the ester overtone band. Real time water sorption/desorption in these films was investigated simultaneously by FTIR spectroscopy and by measurement of weight changes. A linear correlation between the integrated absorbance of the water bands and the relative weight variation of the films was found for these two polymers. Results show that the infrared absorptivity of these bands is identical in both materials and that water molecules are weakly bound to ester groups throughout the films. However, it turns out that the water content is higher in the case of PEN which has a larger specific volume.


Photoacoustic tomography is studied in the framework of Bayesian inverse problems. Modelling of errors and uncertainties using Bayesian approximation error modelling is investigated. The approach is tested with simulations. © 2019 The Author(s) OCIS codes: 100.3190, 170.3010, 170.5120


This article describes how substantial changes in temperature and moisture can occur when concrete structures are placed in the field. In order to predict stress and the corresponding risks of thermal and/or drying shrinkage cracking, an estimate is required of thermal strain and drying shrinkage not related to stress. In this study, a proposed method was developed to allow the direct field measurement of thermal strain and drying shrinkage in concrete structures. A nonstress cylinder was designed, which enabled the embedded strain gauge to measure actual thermal strain and drying shrinkage in concrete structures. Sensors, such as vibrating wire strain gauges and temperature and relative humidity (RH) sensors, were incorporated into the developed method. The validity of the method was investigated through laboratory tests as well as field implementation. It is expected that the proposed method can be efficiently used in field testing and allow realistic assessments of time-dependent behavior of concrete structures, including cracking potential.


In this paper, we developed web based Plossom system, an efficient and convenient project management system. The development of Plossom consists of a web page using HTML and Bootstrap framework, and the logic is built using the algorithm suitable for web page by using JQuery. Additionally, Plossom is implemented to support interoperability with external system by using Spring's Thymeleaf and MySQL efficiently. The Plossom system developed in this study is expected to be very useful in the development process of IOT and ICT related projects.


The greatest achievement in the 20 th century in human society is that the life style and the city form is on change constant. As the function city becomes the mainstream, problems emerge,and the vigor is lost and the relationship between people has become aloof. This kind of change is incarnated by the change of the first media between city and people----the interface of the city. With the rapid change of urban design and construction, old interface of the city has disintegrated and puton a new look. Only by studying the phenomenon and reasons of this change and finding the approach of progress, can we build new style of city interface. More and more fine examples can enlighten us to work.


This research investigates whether the interaction methods of eXtended Reality (XR) headsets can be improved by using haptic feedback. As a first and most common technique, indirect interactions are considered. Indirect interactions correspond to manipulations of virtual objects from a virtual distance using pre-defined hand gestures. As a second interaction technique, direct interaction (namely Direct Interaction Method (DIM)) has been implemented where the user manipulates objects by virtually touching these with their hands. A third interaction method extends the previous one with haptic feedback (namely Haptic Enhanced Direct Interaction Method (HEDIM)). These 3 methods are compared with each other based on objective and subjective user tests, also taking into account financial considerations. This research concludes that the DIM improves upon the standard indirect method. Additionally, it has been observed that haptic feedback could enhance the DIM in specific situations. Nevertheless, when considering the current financial cost, our subjects were not convinced of the small improvements haptic feedback brings.


General CharaCterIstICs and OrIGIn Of thIs BOOk wenceslao J. gonzalez 1. General CharaCterIstICs Of thIs VOlume New Methodological Perspectives on ...


Abstract Boriding of pure iron was investigated using the powder pack method with boriding powder mixtures containing different weight fractions of ZrB2 (5 %, 10 %, 15 % and 20 %). The samples were borided in an electric resistance furnace for an exposure time of 4 h at 1,173 K temperature under atmospheric pressure. Borided samples were characterized by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction analyses and microhardness tests. Results showed that the boride layers consisted mainly of FeB and Fe2B phases. No significant difference in boride layer thicknesses (average 140 μm) could be observed as a function of ZrB2 content. The needle-like morphology of the boride layer became more prominent with increasing weight fraction of ZrB2 in the boriding powders. The average microhardness of the boride layer decreased with increasing ZrB2 content due to changes in the morphology of the boride layer.


Motivation • An accurate current intensity analysis of a TC is a critical component of subsequent short term intensity forecasts • Operational TC intensity is currently determined through analyst qualitative merging of subjective Dvorak and objective methods • Goal: Assist analysts in assimilating objective satellite-based TC intensity guidance from multiple algorithms • Objective: Combine current suite of objective satellite intensity estimates into a single estimate using weighted consensus techniques


The current standard approach to screening and diagnosing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) includes Pap smear triage followed by colposcopy. While it is effective, colposcopy is subjective, includes painful procedures such as biopsies and endocervical curettage, requires specialized training and involves a waiting period of several days for histopathologic reports. We are developing an alternate method of detecting and localizing cervical pre-cancerous lesions, known as hyperspectral diagnostic imaging (HSDI), in which the surface of the cervix is scanned with ultraviolet and white light. Fluorescent and reflected light patterns generated by the cervical tissue are collected and analyzed by the spectrometer to determine features which discriminate among the various stages of CIN. The HSDI approach is objective, painless, requires minimal training and provides immediate results.


A praseodymium holmium co-doped niobate up-conversion luminescent material has the following chemical general formula of MeNbO3:xPr , yHo , wherein x is 0.01-0.08, y is 0.01-0.06, and Me is one of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium elements. In a photoluminescence spectrum of the praseodymium holmium co-doped niobate up-conversion luminescent material, the excitation wavelength of the praseodymium holmium co-doped niobate up-conversion luminescent material is 578 nm, in a wavelength region of 483 nm, luminescence peaks can be produced by transition radiation from P0 to H4 of Pr ions, and the praseodymium holmium co-doped niobate up-conversion luminescent material can be used as a blue light luminescent material. The invention also provides a preparation method of the praseodymium holmium co-doped niobate up-conversion luminescent material, and organic light-emitting diodes using the praseodymium holmium co-doped niobate up-conversion luminescent material.


tegration or abandonment. . . . What is frayed may be mended or restored" (p. 262). Reviewing criticism of the Democrats' alterations in nominating rules, he wryly notes that this argument is "necessarily limited because it rests almost entirely on the single case of Jimmy Carter" (p. 103). Overall, Epstein sees only limited prospects of transformation in the party system, given the strength of the U.S. mold. Where there are such prospects, his attitude is ambivalent. He does advocate some changes, such as more equitable scheduling of state presidential primaries. He questions the utility of other proposed reforms, such as limitations on political-action committees. He worries—too much, I believe—about possible abolition of direct primaries. Despite Epstein's own informed skepticism, his book does provide some reason for optimism on the part of those who favor stronger U.S. political parties. He provides evidence of more active congressional parties, more professional organizations, new sources of funding, the replacement of parochial local machines by national but federalized parties, and adaptation to new methods of campaigning. The historical and institutional mold is pliable, not iron. Yet, the ultimate virtue of this book is that it fosters such debate even as it instructs all political scientists, whether teachers, practitioners, or students.


The introduction and routine usage of nucleolysis in treatment of lumbar disc disease has led to recognition of the importance of discography. In addition to confirmation and documentation of needle placement, discography is useful for diagnosis and exclusion of contraindications to nucleolysis such as escape of enzyme to nerve sheath or vascular system. Gross leakage of radiopaque material indicates probable communication to nervous structures. Possible interaction of enzyme and radiopaque were examined.


A novel SbIII-imprinted polymer was synthesized via radical copolymerization of methacrylic acid and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate in the presence of 2-mercapto-N-(2-naphthyl)acetamide as a chelating ligand forming the functionality of specific binding sites. The extent of ligand incorporation in the active centres was evaluated by elemental analysis and found to be 73.6%. The IIP was utilized as a sorbent material for selective solid-phase extraction of SbIII in drinking waters after optimization of sorption and desorption processes in a batch mode. Excellent separation of SbIII and SbV was accomplished at pH 8 followed by elution of SbIII with 0.5 M thiocarbamide. Analytical procedure for non-chromatographic speciation and determination of SbIII was developed demonstrating very good precision (RSD 7–11%) and recoveries between 97–105%. This procedure enabled up to 25-fold reconcentration and completely met the requirements of EU legislation for the quality of water intended for human consumption.


Respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM) is an important subtype of particulate matter (PM), a causative agent of air pollution with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm, thus also named as PM10 (Gilbert, 2007). These fine particles in combination with other pollutants are linked to a number of health problems like premature death, aggravated asthma, chronic bronchitis and decreased lung function. As per NAQMP, the RSPM Level at Kilpauk and T.Nagar are increased from 81 and 85ppm, in the year 2007 to 131 and 132ppm in the year 2014 respectively and crossing the maximum permissible level of 100 ppm. This causes numerous health hazards to the road users (Central Pollution control board, Air quality assessment, 2015). Most of the present automobiles plying on the road is having exhaust level at 0.4 to 0.6 m with respect to road level. Generally, maximum exposure of RSPM to road users occurs at road level between 0 to 2.5 m. This paper presents the results of study that can be obtained in reduction of RSPM concentration by modifying the existing design of exhaust from 0.4 to 0.6 m height to ≥2.75 m i.e. vertical exhaust to the Heavy and Medium Automobiles. This RSPM reduction will further reduce the respiratory problems and carcinogenic effect on humans especially to the road users, traffic managers, etc. The analysis of RSPM is carried out for T.Nagar Bus Stand / Depot Traffic Intersection in Chennai, capital city of Tamil Nadu. Ambient air pollutant concentrations obtained at the specified breathing level are compared between the original exhaust and the extended vertical exhaust at roof level. Commercial vehicles driven by diesel fuel having minimum height of 2.75m and above only are considered in the study. RSPM (PM10), SOx and NOx levels were observed under three cases i.e., without vehicle exhaust, with a heavy commercial vehicle having existing exhaust and with the same heavy commercial vehicle fitted with the modified exhaust to the roof level at 3.0 m from road. ISCST3 Modelling software is used to corroborate the results of present exhaust arrangement and the extended vertical exhaust at roof level for T.Nagar Bus Stand / Depot Traffic Intersection. The results obtained are encouraging and RSPM levels are lower than the present exhaust arrangement.


During six years (1990 to 1995), at the CEPAGRO-Centro de Extensao e Pesquisa Agronomica, of the Faculdade de Agronomia da Universidade de Passo Fundo, in Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil, the effects of grain production systems and annual winter pastures were assessed. The economic analysis on that period is presented in this paper. Four production systems were evaluated: system I (wheat/soybean, grazed black oats/soybean, and grazed black oats/soybean); system II (wheat/soybean and grazed black oats + grazed common vetch/pasture/corn); system III (wheat/soybean, grazed black oats + grazed common vetch/soybean, and grazed black oats + grazed common vetch/corn); and system IV (wheat/soybean, white oats/soybean, and white oats/soybean). An experimental design in blocks at random, with three replications and plots with 500 m2, was used. In the average of six years, system II showed a higher net return (R$ 432.71/ha), as compared to system IV (R$ 322.93/ha). System II showed no significant differences in relation to systems I (R$ 377.93/ha) and III (R$ 400.27/ha). The integration crop-livestock under no-tillage was viable for both winter and summer crops, as well as for fattening beef cattle during winter time.


The CERES/Na45 experiment at CERN SPS measured transverse momentum spectra of charged-pions in the range 1<pt<4GeV/c near mid-rapidity in 158 AGeV/c Pb-Au collisions. The invariant transverse momentum spectra are exponential over the entire observed range. The average inverse slope is 245+/- 5MeV/c, it shows a 2.4% increase with centrality of the collision over the 35% most central fraction of the cross section. The pi-/pi+ ratio is constant at 1.028+/-0.005 over the pt interval measured.


In Indonesia, flexible pavements quite often occur prematurely. A good quality of pavement needs materials that meet a specification, and sometime also requires additional modifier. Rubber can be used to modify and improve asphalt concretes at certain conditions. The addition of rubber is able to improve shear resistance at high temperatures, prevent cracks, bleeding, stripping, and permanent deformation of asphalt concretes. This study try to investigate the effect of natural rubber latex addition on a binder course typed asphalt concrete (AC-BC) based on volumetric properties specified on Bina Marga Revision 3. The latex contents used as bitumen substitution were 0%, 4%, 6% and 8% of bitumen content. The results showed that the addition of rubber latex decreased the optimum asphalt content and increased mixture densities. A maximum of 6% latex content could be used as bitumen substitution, where its Marshall characteristics still met the specification.
Keyword : Rubber Latex, Laston AC-BC, Marshall characteristics, Specification of Bina Marga 2010 Revision 3.


There has been an increasing demand for cost estimation tools which aid in the reduction of system cost or the active consideration of cost as a design constraint. The existing tools are currently incapable of anticipating the unseen or latent effects of design changes made in an effort to cut cost. This paper presents an example of how the tools and concepts of axiomatic design theory can be integrated with the parametric cost estimation process, and then presents a series of arguments for why tools such as these which examine the functional architecture of a system are useful for optimizing cost at the preliminary design level. Thesis Supervisor: Nam P. Suh Title: Professor of Mechanical Engineering


University, Bishkek, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com In childhood, the most common tumor is oncological and hematological disease – acute leukemia. In general, this tumor can be detected in one third of pediatric patients. Due to the influence of various carcinogens, both external and internal, such as hereditary or genetic, the incidence of acute leukemia tends to increase. Among acute leukemias, a special place is occupied by lymphoid types of neoplasms, which account for almost 70%. Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is currently a successful model of using targeted chemotherapy, accompanying treatment and the use of highly expensive methods such as bone marrow transplantation and other modern technologies. This made it possible to achieve high survival rates in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In most countries of the world, unfortunately, the results of treatment are very modest and not high. This applies primarily to low-income countries or economically poor States. There are certain peculiarities in the spread of leukemia, for example, boys are more likely to get sick than girls. But the survival rate in boys is worse than in girls, which is due to the biological characteristics of the tumor. The article discusses some aspects of the descriptive epidemiology of acute leukemias developed from a lymphoid source of hematopoiesis. At the same time, areas with the highest and lowest levels of morbidity of children with acute


Measurements made during the selection and evaluation of flight CCD detectors for the XMM EPIC MOS cameras have demonstrated near Fano limited resolution at x-ray energies above approximately 3keV. At lower energies some devices exhibit a fractional charge loss which is believed to be due to recombination at the epitaxy/oxide interface. This has been modeled through a Monte-Carlo simulation by assuming that the pinning implant in the etched electrode structure can cause electrons to flow to the front surface, rather than to the buried channel. In spite of this charge loss, spectral response may be characterized using a double Gaussian with residuals of < 5 percent. Quantum efficiency has been measured using a lithium drifted silicon reference detector and these measurements combined with analytical and Monte Carlo simulation, event size ratios and cosmic ray detection, all give a value for the effective depletion depth of 30 to 35 micrometers .