The eighteenth century witnessed the continuity of Geluk growth in Amdo from the preceding century. Geluk inspiration and legacy from Central Tibet and the accompanying political patronage emanating from the Manchus, Mongols, and local Tibetans figured prominently as the engine behind the Geluk influence that swept Amdo. The Geluk rise in the region resulted from contributions made by native Geluk Buddhists. Amdo native monks are, however, rarely treated with as much attention as they deserve for cultivating extensive networks of intellectual transmission, reorienting and shaping the school's future. I therefore propose that we approach Geluk hegemony and their broad initiatives in the region with respect to the school's intellectual and cultural order and native Amdo Buddhist monks' role in shaping Geluk history in Amdo and beyond in Tibet. Such a focus highlights their impact in shaping the trajectory of Geluk history in Tibet and Amdo in particular. The historical and biographical literature dealing with the life of Jikmed Wangpo affords us a rare window into the pivotal time when every effort was made to cultivate a vast network of institutions and masters across Tibet. This further spurred an institutional growth of Buddhist transmission, constructing authenticity and authority thereof, as they were closely tied to reincarnation lineage, intellectual traditions, and monastic institutions. In doing so, we also have a good grasp of the creation processes of Geluk luminaries such as Jikmed Wangpo, an exemplar scholar and visionary who faced great opposition from issues with his lineage legitimation at Labrang and among the larger Geluk community.


It is seen that if the maximum operational benefit of crew resource management (CRM) is to be achieved, the evaluator group is the principal key and specialized training that is ongoing is necessary for this group. The training must be customized to fit the needs of a particular organization, and the training must address key topical issues that influence organizational dynamics. Attention is given to the use of video and full length scripted NASA research LOFTS, behavioral markers and debriefing skills, the importance of policy and written CRM standards, and line oriented simulations debriefing performance indicators.


This paper studies how gender roles and the Swedish nation are portrayed in newsreels during 1945 – 1959. Almost a hundred films have been analyzed to examine norms regarding looks, professions and ...


Loxoceles spiders gender are worldwide spread and its bites can cause dermonecrosis or even a systemic effect (hemolysis, kidney and liver injury). It is believed that phospholipase D, the main component present in the venom, could be responsible for the injury. In this study, we used a recombinant form of phospholipase D (rLiD1) and evaluated its direct and systemic effects on the contractility of papillary muscles and in the left intra ventricular pressure of isolated perfused hearts, respectively. In papillary muscle directly exposed to rLiD1 no effects on force, maximum speed of contraction (df/dtmax) or relaxation (df/dtmin) were observed. In isolated perfused heart, the peak of systolic pressure and the rate of relaxation (dP/dtmin) were reduced in animals treated with rLiD1. However, the maximum speed of pressure developed during contraction (dP/dtmax) was unaffected. These data suggest that rLiD1 did not affect directly the excitation contraction coupling or the contractility of the myocardium but its systemic effect can induce reduction in the cardiac performance.


This study analyzes the impact of the exchange rate fluctuations in the short and long-runs in Tunisia under a pure commitment policy through two channels. The first is the Structural Vector Autoregression used to analyze the short run effects of the exchange rate on the industrial production index and on the consumer and import price indexes. The second is the Vector Error Correction Model used to examine the long run dynamic effects of the exchange rate upon the same variables relying on Tunisian monthly data during the period January 1993 to June 2011. Unlike several empirical studies, which show that the impact of the exchange rate movements on prices has been reduced over the past few years in the industrialized countries, the exchange rate is found to be a potential source not only of production but also of inflation reduction in Tunisia. Indeed, the direct channel of the exchange rate seems to have a significant impact on production and inflation in the long-run, whereas the indirect one has no effect on the money supply. These results strongly support the monetary policy of the central bank targeting the exchange rate because there is a strong correlation between this rate and prices.


Large scale or global hydrological models (GHMs) show promise in enabling us to accurately predict floods, droughts, navigation hazards, reservoir operations, and many more water related issues. As opposed to regional hydrological models that have many parameters that need to be calibrated or estimated using local observation data (Sood and Smakhtin 2015). GHMs are able to simulate regions that lack observation data, whilst applying a uniform approach for parameter estimation (Döll, Kaspar, and Lehner 2003; Widén‐Nilsson et al. 2009). Up until recently the GHMs used coarse modelling grids of around 0.5 to 1 degree spatial resolution. However, due to advances in satellite data, climate data, and computational resources, GHMs are modelling on higher resolutions (up to 200 meters) that raise questions about how these models can be adjusted in order to take advantage of the finer modelling grid.


For the millions of people in Britain, the United States and elsewhere in the West who live in 19th-century houses, this is a useful companion and guide. From the Victorian terraced houses of London and the great cities of the Industrial Revolution to the substantial clapboard houses of San Francisco, from brownstone to red brick, villa to mansion flat, the profile is similar. This guide contains ideas on interior design and exterior style which are suitable to houses of this particular age. The emphasis is on sympathetic improvement - working with the architecture, not against it. Windows, doors, rooflights, fireplaces - all instil character and have the power to embellish and enhance. The book is packed with design ideas and advice on how to make the most of mouldings, cornices, stained glass, panelling, iron railings and the many other features which are now so much in demand. It combines the style of an interior design book with the detailed information of an architectural history. Much of the information on Victorian features is also of value to people who own later houses, but wish to echo or adopt traditional styles - such as adding a decorative conservatory. Robin Guild is the author of "The Finishing Touch".


ABSTRACT As notions of human capital and personal autonomy have become integral to constructions of social membership, we have witnessed the incursion of market mechanisms into many areas of social life. Immigration policy has been no exception to this trend. By tracing policy developments in Canada and Germany, this article examines the extent to which human-capital citizenship has come to shape immigration policy across policy regimes. Examining economic and family immigrant admissions, the article tests two sets of propositions. First, that human-capital citizenship has come to transform economic immigration policies in ways that have stratified core rights – that is, residence and family unification rights – by skill level, rather than economic contribution. As a second proposition, the article contends that economic considerations are being increasingly applied to immigrants who arrive through non-economic streams. As the desirability of immigrants has come to correspond to their rank in the labour market hierarchy, the accompanying process of market invasion has led to an increasing blurring of longstanding normative and policy distinctions between economic and non-economic immigration.


Criterions of gas method use for oil fields development we actually propose are just advisable. Introduction of projects with any gas method needs careful examination of object's geological structure, deposit's and saturate fluid's parameters. We propose criterions that promote effective projects realization for appreciation of the hydrocarbon gas utilization possibility at several oil deposits of Middle Povoljie.


Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems (IVHS), which aim at the utilization of advanced information processing and communication technologies for improving travel efficiency and safety, have become an important policy measure in recent years. One of their major components, Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS), has been developed specifically to assist drivers in trip planning and decision making on destination selection, departure time, route choices and congestion avoidance.


This research intends to find the globally recognized HR practices to retain IT professionals; the extent to which Sri Lankan software companies practiced them, and whether they have fulfilled the career expectations of IT Professionals. Research was carried out in three phases; literature review, HR manager interviews and an employee survey. Findings positioned the HR role, more towards functional and supportive than a strategic role. Current HR practices were matched with the world's best, and were given high importance by HR managers. Nevertheless IT professionals shared a different view. According to them their career expectations were only partially fulfilled by the said practices. Line manager's involvement in HR functionality found to be practiced hardly. Lack of education of people management in both academy and industry accounted for this. In brief the use of best HR suit in Sri Lankan IT organizations is still developing, with a satisfactory awareness level. Keywords : HR practices, IT Professional, HR manager, IT Professional's career expectations For full paper: firstname.lastname@example.com


Martial arts are one of China's traditional cultures and sports, practiced not onlyfor self-defense but also for physical fitness and longevity. In modern Chinese society,where health consciousness has been gradually popular, more and more people areengaged in martial arts. By employing the hardware, i.e., Microsoft Xbox Kinect, theauthors developed a 3D kinesthetic learning and evaluation system for martial arts. Thesystem provides real-time feedbacks so that learners can understand immediately adjusttheir postures; meanwhile, it evaluates their learning performance. Analysis of variance(ANOVA) will be adopted to explore the different performances resulting from thissystem, the traditional method, and common multimedia computer-assisted instruction(CAI). Thereafter, the scores given by the automatic evaluation system would be comparedwith those given by traditional human evaluation. It is expected that this study cancontribute to CAI-based physical education as well as for the martial arts promotion in thefuture.


This paper looks into the two diametrically opposed partnerships in Paradise Lost: between the God the Father and the Son, and Satan and Sin. More specifically, the nature of their separation and union will be the subject of this paper. The first of each pair is the originary entity from whom the second is separated, which implies both identity and difference, and the degree identity/difference determines the nature of their union. The identity and difference between the Father and the Son obtain in will and agency. The Son unites with the Father in will: the Father delights in the Son, and the Son delights in praising the Father. They differ in that the Son is the Father's 'word', his 'wisdom', and his 'effectual might'-the visible agent of the Father's will. The creation of Sin makes a parody of the Son's creation. Springing from Satan's head, Sin externalizes his mind and inspires his lust, the exact image of her radiant Father. But although Satan tells Sin (and Death) that they are his vicegerents on earth and that they derive power from him, parodying the way the Son performs the Father's agency, Sin (and Death) cannot fully become his agents, for their union is not of the will. That their wills are not united becomes is apparent when Satan cannot recognize Sin (or himself in Sin) at the Gates of Hell. Two statements in the poem refer explicitly to union with God in the end. The Son's assertion in book 6 that God shall be "All in All," echoing the Father's in book 3, remarkably illuminates the nature of deity, suggesting that the Son's individuality will be incorporated into the greater Father.


Hypothesis / aims of study Urinary incontinence (UI) has a negative impact on social, psychological, physical and sexual aspects of women. Some studies suggest a great prevalence of sexual dysfunction on UI women. Psychological distress, fear of UI during intercourse and embarrassment has been associated with sexual dysfunction in those women. We have previously described that UI women has significantly great score on sexual dysfunctions questionnaires and more sexual abstinence than continent women. However, the role of UI on sexual dysfunction is still not clear. In the present study, we evaluated which are the reasons for sexual abstinence in the patients with urinary incontinence.


Let q be a prime power, Fq a field with q elements, f ∈ Fq[x] a polynomial of degree n ≥ 1, V(f) = #f(Fq) the number of different values f(α) of f, with α ∈ Fq, and p = q – V(f). It is shown that either ρ = 0 or 4n4 > q or 2pn > q. Hence, if q is "large" and f is not a permutation polynomial, then either n or ρ is "large".


Abstract : The U.S. Army has numerous excess ordnance production facilities slated for destruction. These buildings may have considerable quantities of residual energetic materials (EMs) and asbestos, and may also be structurally unsound. The EMs in these facilities include finished military explosives, propellants, and pyrotechnics as well as precursors to these materials. The Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL) is developing alternatives for safe, economic, and environmentally benign assessment, decontamination, and disposal of excess ordnance production facilities. For this study, CERL selected four EM detection technologies and tested them at the Radford Army Ammunition Plant (RAAP) in Virginia. Facilities selected as test sites reflected as much variation in EM usage, construction, building materials, and other conditions as possible. All of the instruments evaluated in this study are capable of detecting EMs. They are designed and were demonstrated to be very sensitive to small levels of contamination. Instrument performance was not hindered by either the conditions at RAAP or the building material substrate. Each instrument had superior qualities, as well as features less suited for use in field work like that experienced at RAAP.


4036 Background: c-MET is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that has been shown to be overexpressed and may serve as a potential therapeutic target in a variety of human cancers. We aimed to study if c-MET expression correlates with patients' outcome with therapeutic implications in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Methods: Expression of c-MET was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in tumors from 97 resected ESCC with correlative analysis with clinicopathologic variables. Cytotoxicity (MTT), cell migration, and assays for cell cycle and apoptosis were conducted in KYSE-510 and KYSE-170 ESCC cell lines in response to two c-Met inhibitors, SU11274 and PHA665752. Expression of cell cycle regulators, cyclin A and B1, tumor suppressors including Rb, p53 p21 and p27, and intrinsic apoptotic factors were determined by immunoblotting. Mice inoculated with KYSE 170 ESCC cell line were used to test effects of c-MET inhibitors in vivo. Results: Expression of c-Met within resected ESCC correlated positively with ...


The magnetic material of Fe-Nd-B alloys is widely used in science and technology due to the unique physical and chemical properties of borides based on it. The functional properties of the material significantly depend on the structural-phase state in the alloy. The transition on the Melt Quenching technology (MQ) for its production required additional theoretical and experimental studies of the regularities of the formation and stability of the structural-phase state in multicomponent REM-containing alloys under conditions of nonequilibrium crystallization and solidification of a highly supercooled melt. The implementation of the industrial MQ technology by the method of Gas Atomization (GA) of medium pressure imposes additional significant requirements for such studies. The paper comprehensively studies and summarizes the available results on the relationship between the conditions for obtaining powder materials of Fe-Nd-B alloys by the MQ GA method and the functional properties of materials based on them. It is proved that the anisotropy features of their magnetic properties are related to the existing inhomogeneities in the distribution and morphology of Fe14Nd2B phase grains in MQ GA powder materials. A crystal-chemical explanation of the occurrence of the identified features is proposed and the possibility of their practical application is shown.


A new semiconductor laser optical logic gate based on quenching and capable of performing the not, nor, and nand functions is described. The device can be operated both pulsed and cw at room temperature. In addition, the new logic gate can be monolithically integrated.


This paper begins a process of organizing knowledge of health information security threats into a comprehensive catalog. We begin by describing our risk management perspective of health information security, and then use this perspective to motivate the development of a health information threat tree. We describe examples of three threats, breaking each down into its key risk-related data attributes: threat source and action, the health information asset and its vulnerability, and potential controls. The construction of such a threat catalog is argued to be useful for risk assessment and to inform public health care policy. As no threat catalog is ever complete, guidance for extending the health information security threat tree is given.


In multi-objective optimization genetic algorithms,the whole population is sorted with respect to the values of the focused objective function and divided into sub-populations.In each sub-population,μ parents generate λ offsprings by genetic operators.Then,all individuals are gathered and sorted,the fitness sharing is performed and better individuals are selected to be the next generation.In this approach,the Pareto optimum solutions which are close to each other are collected by one sub-population and using the(μ+λ) selection strategy increases search efficiency.The genetic operation which is performed in sub-populations is suitable for parallel processing and the fitness sharing of the whole population is conducive to maintaining the diversity of population as well.


Induced breeding of climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) was done in aquaria in the laboratory using carp pituitary extract. An intramuscular injection was given with the single dose of 50 mg and 100 mgkg-1 body weight in males and females respectively. The female brood responded to lay eggs at 8-10 h latency period. The breeding performance and fertilization rate was higher when two males were used for every female. The present study observed fertilization rate of 96 ± 1.41and 84± 1.41 while male and female ratio was 2:1 and 1:1 respectively. The first cleavage began at a 20 min after fertilization. The morula, blastula and gastrula stage was completed at about 4 h, 5 h and 30 min and 7 h and 30 min respectively after fertilization. The details of fertilized eggs, cleavage and developmental stages are documented with photograph. Healthy larvae hatched after 21-22 h.


specter is haunting Russia—not a pandemic of epic proportion but a no less devastating steady decline in the size of the country's population. Some projections extending to the middle of the 21st century (e.g., by Murray Feshbach) envisage the population of Vietnam (127 million) rather substantially exceeding that of Russia (80–100 million).2 Such a decline, from over 140 million at present, has led some observers of Russia to argue that if it continues, the country will not be able to maintain the integrity of its national borders (see Eberstadt, 2004), particularly in light of land-hungry and overpopulated regions nearby in China. In simple terms, there are three double-headed factors that impinge on the quantitative evolution of a population, namely: (1) the balance of births and deaths; (2) immigration vs. emigration; and (3) acquisition or loss of populations inhabiting conquered or lost territories. In the Russian case, the first factor is the most important. On an annual basis, Russia has lost more people during the post-Soviet period than it has gained, through a decline in births,3 premature mortality, and emigration. In 1992, shortly after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia's population was estimated at 148.6 million. Some 14 years later, at the very beginning of 2005, the population was reported to number 143.5 million [http://www.gks.ru/bgd/ reg/brus05/IssWWW.exe/stg/05-01.htm]—a loss of over five million, or roughly 3.5 percent.4 In the absence of war or other major calamities, such a loss is at the very least alarming.5 The major factors responsible for this attrition are the serious decrease in births and the premature mortality of men, whose present life expectancy is below 60 years. There are many elements that contribute to the decline; among the critical factors are the overall state and limited availability of health and medical care and of rehabilitation services, health personnel, qualified medical institutions, supply of pharmaceuticals, up-to-date medical equipment and technology, and lastly of human and economic resources. The papers by Judyth Twigg (2005) and Dominique Moran (2005) make important contributions to our understanding of the impact of Russia's health crisis on the country's social, political, economic, and indeed strategic concerns. They are part of a complex, multifactorial, and evolving phenomenon in which health is simultaneously an independent and dependent variable. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that health care and


Seniors Housing & Care Journal 109 Empowering Direct Care Workers: Lessons Learned from THE GREEN HOUSE Model The nursing home culture change movement continues to gain support from government, industry, and consumer groups. Many believe it holds promise for improving both the quality of care and the quality of life for people residing in long-term care settings. One of the challenges currently facing the movement is insufficient guidance regarding the specifics of both implementing and sustaining culture change. This article presents findings from a study of THE GREEN HOUSE® model, focusing specifically on the development of empowered direct care staff. Although the study was conducted exclusively in Green House homes, the findings have implications for any long-term care organization interested in empowering staff. Barbara Bowers, PhD, RN; Kim Nolet, MS


Selected 40 boy students specifically as experimental objects,this paper researched the kinesthetic position accuracy of wrist and elbow joint to analysis of the impact of kinesthetic position accuracy of the dominant hand with basketball teaching before and after the implementation of 18 weeks basketball classes.The results showed:Basketball teaching can effectively improve the kinesthetic position accuracy of wrist and elbow joint;The outreach movements angle error of wrist and elbow joint is greater than the adduction error of them.


In this paper, we investigate product and process design policies in the extended enterprise by studying the dynamics of supply-chain demand propagation. In particular, we focus on an integrated decision environment where data from multiple enterprises in the supply chain are used to coordinate production and material scheduling decisions in an Advanced Planning and Scheduling (APS) system. In an earlier paper (Wu and Meixell 2005), we explored coordinated production planning in an extended enterprise and its impact on demand propagation using an analytical model that incorporated basic lot-sizing logic under fairly general settings. Here, we expand on these earlier findings using a designed experiment and simulation, and investigate design policies that drive supply-chain performance. Our primary objective is to compare the impact of four design policies—component standardization, design capacity, setup investment, and demand management—on demand propagation across multiple tiers in an integrated supply chain. Among other things, we find that strategies such as level scheduling and relaxed design capacity that have been successfully utilized to improve performance at single plants do not necessarily improve supply-chain performance, as the effects of these strategies are quickly lost in the dynamics of the supply chain.


I have spent my NHS career as a hospital doctor specialising in geriatric medicine and I have led services within two trusts and taken on national leadership roles. In 2013, I became a Kings Fund Fellow alongside my NHS work. I go into many hospitals and health economies to advise on services, or to learn from local innovations. This has given me a great insight into the 'state of play' in services for older people and a platform to spread the message about high quality care to those not working directly in geriatric medicine. As part of my Kings Fund work, I led the writing of an 'everything I have learned in one place' paper 'Making health and care systems fit for an ageing population' (www.kingsfund.org.uk/events/ making-health-and-care-services-fitageing-population) which is a practical resource aimed at those leading frontline services. It was accompanied by the 18th June conference, 'Delivering innovations in the care of older people', which allowed organisations from around the UK to speak about their own services and learn from others. When the NHS was founded, 48% of people died before they reached 65. Now its only 14%, with the fastest growing group in society being those over 80. By 2030, a 65 year old man in England will live on average to 88 and a woman to 91. This represents a victory for society and a success for modern healthcare. We certainly shouldn't use catastrophic language about the 'ticking time bomb' or 'burden' or 'grey tsunami' of ageing. Most older people self report their health as 'good' or 'very good' and people in their seventies and eighties report the highest levels of happiness of any group. If anything, older people are becoming healthier than those in previous generations. However, ageing will alter the very nature of health and healthcare for good.


In the current era of globalization, information technology evolving so rapidly. The computer is the equipment created to facilitate the work of man. Cooperative employees rmembutuhkan once the existence of a system that can support the sales and provide better services to members. For this reason the author tried to designing information systems selling groceries on credit in the Cooperative Employees PT Frisian Flag Indonesia Plant Ciracas that until now there has been computerized and is still done manually, ranging from notes receivable, making statements to the data storage more still associated with the process of selling groceries, allowing the error occurs during the process as well as the lack of accuracy in recording the statements are made and the problem of delay in the search for the required data. This information system is the best solution to solve the problems that exist in this company. With a computerized system that can achieve an effective and efficient activities to support the activities of the company. A computerized system is better than the manual system so that existing activities in a company/agency to operate more effectively and efficiently and can be more conducive compare with the previous system. Keywords : System Design Sales, Sales groceries on credit


For single -server loss systems G/M/1/0 with stationary ergodic input it is shown, that the loss probability and the one-dimensional interarrival time distribution can be identified by the service intensity and the one-dimensional interdeparture time distribution.


A deep optical galaxy search in the southern Milky Way – aimed at reducing the width of the Zone of Avoidance – revealed 3279 galaxy candidates above the diameter limit of , of which only 112 (3.4%) were previously catalogued. The surveyed region ( and ) lies in the extension of the Hydra and Antlia clusters – where a supercluster is suspected – and in the approximate direction of the dipole anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation.
Here we present the optical properties of the unveiled galaxies such as positions, diameters, magnitudes, morphological types, including a detailed discussion on the quality of these data and the completeness limits as a function of the foreground dust extinction. For 127 of the 227 positional matches in the IRAS PSC, a reliable cross-identification could be found.
Several distinct overdensities and filaments of galaxies can be identified that are apparently uncorrelated with the Galactic foreground extinction hence the probable signature of extragalactic large-scale structures.
This catalog constitutes the first part in a series of five equally conducted optical searches for galaxies in the southern Milky Way (). With these surveys, the entire Zone of Avoidance will have been covered by means of visual inspection. The catalogs build the basis for various spectroscopic and photometric follow-up programs which eventually will allow a thorough analyse of the galaxy distribution in redshift space and the peculiar velocity fields within the Zone of Avoidance, as well an an improved understanding of the Galactic foreground extinction.


Online information such as advertiser (110) Web pages in conjunction with products lists, Web content, existing online ads (120), or an electronic version of offline advertisement information is used to generate online advertising information such as a landing page, targeting information (130) and/or ad creative information.


Five materials were applied to either a kraft pulp furnish or to a kraft paper and were removed by conventional removal processes. Uncontaminated kraft paper subjected to the same removal processes determined that the process, not the contaminant, was responsible for changes in sheet properties. Handsheet tensile properties, an indication of fiber bonding, ranged from a 48 percent decrease to no change from the original. Zero-span tensile tests, a measure of fiber strength, ranged from 46 percent decrease to a 19 percent improvement over the original control. Aqueous polyethylene removal and deinking processes restored fiber bonding and strength almost to their initial levels. Wet strength removal, hot melt, and polyethylene solvent extractions resulted in fiber property reductions similar in magnitude to that of the recycled control. Asphalt dispersion caused the largest decrease in fiber properties. Results suggest a potential for extending the market for recycled fibers through the development of chemical processes for upgrading secondary fibers as well as removing contaminants. RECYCLED FIBER PROPERTIES AS AFFECTED BY CONTAMINANTS AND REMOVAL PROCESSES By JOHN H. KLUNGNESS, Research Chemical Engineer Forest Products Laboratory, Forest Service U.S. Department of Agriculture


The use of information technology,to break the limitations of time and space,to provide teachers with a full range of teaching support platform,to provide students with personalized self-learning environment,has become the key to improve the quality of language teaching.Starting with the evolution of language laboratory,this article focused on the system components,building strategies and operating modes of digital environments for language teaching and learning,aiming to provide guidance for the design,construction and operation of digital environments for language teaching and learning.


The Universe is filled with relic neutrinos, remnants from the Leptonic Era. Since the formation of galaxies started, gravitation has modified the Fermi-Dirac momentum distribution of these otherwise decoupled particles. Decelerated neutrinos moving toward the field-free regions between galaxies could violate the Pauli principle. The fermion degeneracy pressure resulting from this leads to an accelerated motion of galaxies away from one another. We show that this model not only offers a natural explanation for the accelerated expansion of the Universe, but also allows a straightforward calculation of the Hubble constant and the time-evolution of this constant. Moreover, it sets a lower limit for the (average) neutrino mass. For the latter, we find $m_\nu > 0.25$ eV/$c^2$ (95% C.L).


This paper presents an intelligent control system of autonomous objects as framework. The intelligent control framework includes two different layers: a reflexive layer and a reactive layer. The proposed multiagent adaptive fuzzy neuronet combines low-level reaction with high-level reasoning in an intelligent control framework. The formed as the multiagent adaptive fuzzy neuronet the intelligent control system on the base of autonomous object's state, creates the effective control signal under random perturbations.


Recent work in the policy diffusion literature shows that left-right policy positions and issue emphasis are influenced by successful political parties abroad. Despite these findings, important questions remain about where and under what conditions policy diffusion between niche parties occurs. My research sheds light on these puzzles by showing that transnational party organizations (henceforth Europarties) are institutionalized mechanisms for policy diffusion between niche parties in the EU. In addition, I examine the conditionality of this relationship based on electoral rules and the substantive effects that policy diffusion has on vote share. To answer these puzzles, I use data from the Manifesto Research on Political Representation (MARPOR), Comparative Political Dataset (CPDS), and original data on Europarty membership. From these data, I construct, primarily, a sample of green parties and test my theory using spatial econometrics models. I find that niche parties do indeed learn through Europarties, which act as institutionalized arenas of policy diffusion. Further, learning is conditional based on the similarity of the electoral systems of the parties. Lastly, though learning does occur, green parties do not reap any electoral benefits from learning from their neighbors. These findings indicate that Europarties play an important role in the national politics of European countries by acting as a venue for like-minded party elites to learn from each other.


The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused a global health catastrophe by affecting the whole human population around the globe. Unfortunately, there is no specific medication or treatment for COVID-19 currently available.

It's extremely necessary to apply effective drug treatment in order to end the pandemic period and return daily life to normal. In terms of the urgency of treatment, rather than focusing on the discovery of novel compounds, it is critical to explore the effects of existing herbal agents with proven antiviral properties on the virus.

Molecular docking studies were carried out with three different methods, Glide extra precision (XP) docking, Induced Fit docking (IFD), and Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MM/GBSA), to determine the potential effects of 58 phytochemicals in the content of Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymbra spicata, Satureja thymbra, and Stachys lavandulifolia plants -have antiviral and antibacterial effects- against Main Protease (Mpro) and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) enzymes.

7 compounds stand out among all molecules by showing very high binding affinities. According to our findings, the substances chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, and rosmanol exhibit extremely significant binding affinities for both Mpro and ACE2 enzymes. Furthermore, it was discovered that carnosic acid and alpha-cadinol showed potential anti-Mpro activity, whereas caffeic acid and carvacrol had promising anti-ACE2 activity.

Chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, rosmanol, carnosic acid, alpha-cadinol, caffeic acid, and carvacrol compounds have been shown to be powerful anti-SARS-COV-2 agents in docking simulations against Mpro and ACE2 enzymes, as well as ADME investigations.


In 2005 about one in every five maternal deaths and one in every three neonatal deaths globally occurred in India (Lim, 2010). Two out of three deaths were reported from the eight Empowered Action Group (EAG) states and Assam, state that are home to 48 percent of the population (National Family Health Survey-3). Institutional deliveries accounted for only about 40 percent of the births 30 percent or lower in these nine states; 60 percent of deliveries took place without skilled birth attendance and most deaths occurred within 48 hours of birth. Inequities by social class and gender were also stark: less than 40 percent of Scheduled Caste and about 28 percent of Scheduled Tribe women both socially disadvantaged groups had access to skilled birth attendance; and this figure was equally low at 27.5 percent for women from the lowest wealth quintile (District Level health Survey 2).


The first total synthesis of (±)-melinonine-E and (±)-strychnoxanthine is described. The key common step for the synthesis of both alkaloids is the elaboration of the 2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane nucleus (D and E rings) by a radical carbocyclization, using an α-carbamoyldichloromethyl radical as a donor. The closure of the C ring by a Bischler−Napieralski cyclization, followed by an epimerization process to gain the axial nitrile 20, and appropriate reduction transformations afforded pentacyclic alcohol 23. This alcohol was converted into either (±)-melinonine-E (1) or (±)-strychnoxanthine (2) by means of a palladium black dehydrogenation of the C ring or a SeO2 oxidation of the corresponding acetate 25, respectively.


Robert S. Dietz is at once versatile and imaginative. There are few places that he has not visited, and many and original have been his contributions to earth science.

In 1941, after receiving his Ph.D. from the University of Illinois, he joined the United States Air Force and served until 1946 when he became a member of Admiral Byrd's last expedition to Antarctica.


The effect of different carbon source,nitrogen source,surfactant,initial pH,medium material/water ratio,temperature and time based on main raw materials of wheat bran and corn cob on cellucase activity of A.niger XZ-3Sstrain by single-factor and L9(34)orthogonal test and then the solidstate fermentation condition of A.niger XZ-3Sstrain with producing cellulase was optimized to improve utilization efficiency of cellulose.Results:The optimal fermentation condition of A.niger XZ-3Sstrain with producing cellulase includes 6∶2of wheat bran/corn cob ratio,4.0% ammonium sulfate,0.4%Twain-40,initial pH 4.0,28℃,96 hand 1∶1.5of medium material/water ratio.The activity of CMC and FPA enzyme of A.niger XZ-3Sstrain with producing cellulase can reach 273.56IU/g and 135.61IU/g under the optimal fermentation condition respectively.


Within the framework of the kinetic energy driven superconducting mechanism, the momentum dependence of the Bogoliubov angle in the electron-doped cuprate superconductors is studied. By calculation of the ratio of the low energy quasiparticle spectra at positive and negative energies, it is shown that the Bogoliubov angle increases monotonically across the Fermi crossing point, suggesting a continuously evolution of the particle and hole mixing.


In this paper, the distributed rotating consensus problem of multi-agent systems is investigated with time-varying delays governed by a Markov chain. By applying the Lyapunov-Krasovskii approach, a delay-dependent sufficient condition is derived under directed topology in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) to ensure that all the agents can achieve rotating consensus with local information exchanges. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.


This paper presents comparative results from two test pads under a full-scale accelerated loading device, the Texas Mobile Load Simulator. Both test sections are 3m (9.8 ft) by 12 m (39.3 ft) long. Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD), a non-destructive testing device, was employed to monitor and assess pavement condition throughout the accelerated testing. Furthermore, FWD drops were applied on top of the Multi-Depth Deflectometers (MDD) to determine a set of layer moduli that could satisfy both the horizontal surface deflection measurement from FWD and vertical depth deflection from MDD. Four different FWD loads were repeated 10 times to ensure the results could be reproduced.


This work intends to produce a review of researches focusing in Gender Studies made by many research branches on Information Science in Brazil an d in the world. It tries to associate articles publ ished in scientific production of Brazilian and foreign authors , indexed in Capes database, and also works presented in Enancibs, from 2000 to 2007. It is perceived that very few authors wrote about this subject, though all inform ation studies has implications in gender relations a d vice-versa.


The so called Musculo-Squeletal-Disorders in the upper extremity are frequent and are responsible for a significant cost. The increase in registered work-related affections has been quite impressive in the past few years. The type of social undertaking is determinant on the evolution and final outcome of the pathology. Our proposal for a "Passport to work continuation" follows two goals: facilitate and enhance the relations between medical and social workers concerned by the patient's course reduce the time off-work, improve prevention of work related pathologies, avoid dismissal for inaptitude, start earlier a vocational training, a rehabilitation or an adaptation of the work station.


Publication of an enterprise of vital influence on the withdrawal of a company's progress, with the publication through the Internet will be faster pempublikasian spread. The purpose of this paper is to be introduced to the public about PT.Citra Ramsi Nugraha, especially the tenants Sound System and Audio Visual via internet.


The effect of the cryoprotective agents glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and inositol was studied on Ehrlich and 6C3HED mouse ascites tumor cells. A marked release of both nucleic acids and protein was caused by incubation for 1 h in glycerol or DMSO, an observation which suggested cell disruption. The osmolarity of ascites tumor fluid was found to be 300 ± 10 milliosmoles, a level corresponding to 2.1% DMSO, 2.2% glycerol, and 5.4% inositol. Incubation in isotonic solutions of DMSO and glycerol caused a marked release of both nucleic acids and protein. In contrast, incubation with isotonic inositol caused a release of nucleic acids but essentially no protein beyond the amount released in the control fluid of Hanks' balanced salt solution. In all cases, the release of intracellular materials was influenced by age of the tumor cells and the temperature of incubation.The specific release of nucleic acids in the presence of inositol was found to occur to greatest extent early in the incubation period. Th...


Chinese Buddhism art had been integrated with Chinese clas- sical aesthetics, and created exquisite art works. Buddhism art placed upon missionary work, and made Chinese classical aesthetics as one of aesthetic standards. So the Chinese Buddhism art promoted the spread of Buddhism in china.


the Negotiation and management of service level agreements between the customer and the service provider plays a very important role in the proper functioning of the network. SLA [1] defined between the various stakeholders (customer, provider, signing authority...) allows specifying the possible levels of service, compliance with this specification provides a guaranteed quality of service that the customer is seeking to meet


Polthanee, A. and Tre-loges, V. Effects of soaking seed and fertilizer placement on growth and yield of soybean grown after rice in the post-monsoon season in Khon Kaen Province Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol., 2002, 24(2) : 197-207 The experiment was conducted in a farmer's field in Ban Fang District, Khon Kaen Province in 19992000. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of soaking seed in water or not soaking before seeding, and fertilizer placement (surface broadcast at seeding, banding below the seed at seeding and banding beside the plant row 10 days after seeding) on growth and yield of soybean grown after rice in the postmonsoon season. The results showed that soaking seed before seeding had no significant effect on leaf area per plant, total top dry weight, root length density, pod number per plant, seed number per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield of soybean. However, soybean growth, yield components and seed yields tended to be higher with no soaking. Therefore, soaking seeds in water before seeding had no advantage over no soaking in terms of early emergence and early maturity before the plant was subjected to water stress at grain filling phase. Fertilizer placement had a significant effect on growth and yield of soybean. Banding application gave higher leaf area per plant, total top dry weight, root length density, pod number per plant and seed yield than those of broadcast application. Banding generally increased leaf N, P and K concentration. There was no significant difference in seed yield between belowband and sideband application. Belowband application tended to produce higher seed yield than that of sideband application. Belowband application at planting Ph.D. (Agronomy), Department of Agronomy, M.Sc. (Soil physics), Department of Land Resources and Enviroment, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand. Corresponding e-mail : email@example.com Received, 5 September 2001 Accepted, 11 December 2001 The growth and yield of soybean grown after rice Polthanee, A. and Tre-loges, V. Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. Vol. 24 No. 2 Apr.-Jun. 2002 198 saved labour as compared with sideband application. To obtain a satisfactory yield of soybean grown following rice in the post-monsoon season during the rainless period, however, shallow depth of groundwater table to provide upward movement of water to the root zone should be considered.


The invention relates to a symmetrical power transistor formed horizontally in a semiconductor layer (31) resting on a semiconductor wafer (35) heavily doped with an interposed insulating layer (33), the slot being adapted to be biased at a voltage reference, the product between the average dopant concentration and the thickness of the semiconductor layer (31) ranges between 5.1011 cm-2 and 5 1012 cm-2.


Du Fu scrupulously abided by Confucianism all his life, while La Bai was mainly a follower of Taoists, which was the fundamental difference between them in belief. Due to the difference, Du Fu produced influence on later generations' poem creation far more widely and profoundly than Li Bai did.


Patients who don't show for their appointments or who come late can take a toll on your practice's bottom line and become a huge stressor. This article offers practical suggestions for preventing unnecessary broken, missed, and late appointments and for dealing effectively both with first- and repeat offenders. It provides a 10-question quiz you can take to assess and improve your current patient attendance policies. This article then divides missed appointments into three categories-cancelled, broken, and no-show appointments-and describes effective strategies for dealing with each of them. It suggests policies to use with repeat attendance offenders, including sample language medical practices can use, and offers guidelines ultimately for dismissing those who miss appointments chronically. Finally, this article explores the reasons patients often miss appointments and strategies medical practices can use to prevent and minimize them.


The trend in the European pulp and paper industry is toward fewer mills with larger capacity. As a result, a number of existing mills will increase their production capacity. For increased production capacity in kraft pulp mills, the recovery boiler is often a bottleneck. This paper compares three different options for debottlenecking the recovery boiler and utilizing a potential mill steam surplus at a typical Scandinavian kraft pulp mill, when increasing the production capacity by 25%: 1) Upgrading the recovery boiler, 2) Lignin extraction and 3) Black liquor gasification (as a booster). For black liquor gasification (BLG) two options for using the product gas are considered: production of electricity or DME motor fuel. Furthermore, both BLG and upgrading of the recovery boiler are assumed to be possible to combine with carbon capture and storage (CCS). The extracted lignin is assumed to either be valued as wood fuel or as oil. The different options are evaluated and compared with respect to annual net profit and global CO2 emissions for four different future energy market scenarios. The results show that, generally, BLG with motor fuels production and lignin extraction with lignin valued as oil achieve the best economic performance. Upgrading the recovery boiler and capture and store CO2 from the boiler flue gases gives the highest CO2 emissions reduction but is only an economically attractive option in scenarios with a high CO2 emissions charge.


We present a study of self-assembled In0.5Ga0.5As quantum dots on GaP(001) surfaces linking growth parameters with structural, optical, and electronic properties. Quantum dot densities from 5.0 × 107 cm−2 to 1.5 × 1011 cm−2 are achieved. A ripening process during a growth interruption after In0.5Ga0.5As deposition is used to vary the quantum dot size. The main focus of this work lies on the nature of optical transitions which can be switched from low-efficient indirect to high-efficient direct ones through improved strain relief of the quantum dots by different cap layers.


The sections in this article are

1
Introduction

2
Sodium Coordination and Preferential Solvation

3
Inclusion Complexes

4
Polyelectrolytes

5
Inorganic Solids

6
Ion Transport

7
Whole Cells

8
Tissues and Organs

9
Magnetic Resonance Imaging

10
Conclusions

11
Biographical Sketch

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The geometrical structures of the crystalline polyethylene under several different external pressures up to 10 GPa are optimized by a pseudopotential plane wave density functional method. Both local density (LDA) and generalized gradient (GGA) approximations for exchange-correlation energy and potential are used. It is found that LDA heavily underestimate the geometry parameters under ambient pressure but GGA successfully correct them and get results in good agreements with the experimental geometry. The calculated GGA volume is about 94 A3 in comparison with the x-ray scattering value of about 92 A3 and the neutron scattering value of 88 A3. The bulk and Young's modulus are calculated by means of several different methods. The Young's modulus along the chain ranges from about 350 to about 400 GPa which is in good agreement with the experimental results. But the bulk modulus is several times larger than those of experiments, indicating a different description of the interchain interactions by both LDA and...


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As a programmatic document for postgraduate training, the postgraduate training program is essential for the quality of postgraduate training. In the context of that "fitness" and "sports industry" are promoted to the national strategy, using literature, investigation and mathematical statistics methods, this paper makes a comparative analysis on the Chinese 13 PE college of physical education postgraduates training program on the basis that recognizing physical education high-level talent requirement and supply is a disconnect problem. It points out the problems that exist in the training program such as training objectives of convergence, quality standards vague, training methods and other single issue, as well as puts forwards some suggestions: docking needs of the community, according to sports science disciplines amendment postgraduate training programs, enrich training methods and so on. Keywords—training program; Physical Education; social needs; national strategy


Proceedings of the Third International Symposium
on the Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea at the
Carlsberg Academy, Copenhagen, August 25-27, 1999.


Technical solution of the present invention proposes a kind of keyboard switch and a kind of keyboard, wherein, the keyboard switch includes shaft core, pcb board and at least inductance or an at least hall device that are arranged at the pcb board, the shaft core is provided with least metalwork for being separated by setting with the inductance or hall device, when pressing shaft core, the metalwork produces Continuity signal close to the inductance or hall device, the keyboard switch.Technical solution of the present invention is by the way that the principle of inductance approach switch is applied in keyboard switch so that the advantages that keyboard switch of the invention has simple in construction, is swift in response, strong antijamming capability, vibration resistance, is not afraid of dust, stable performance, long lifespan, and energy consumption is small.


Latch lever (21) for a trigger equipment of a firearm having a bolt (3) and a safety equipment (40; 140), particularly a weapon rapid fire, with the latch lever (21) adjustable - between a retaining position retaining the latch (3) and a position that does not retain the bolt and having - a security element (101; 201; 301) - is adjustable relative to the retaining lever (21) between a release position (II) and a safety position (I), - taking its release position (II) with the bolt (3) acting on the latch lever (21) when the bolt (3) receding exerted on the safety member (101; 201; 301) an effect adjustment in a backward direction and in the release position (II) does not act on the safety equipment (40; 140), while simultaneously takes its safety position and the latch lever (21) can be placed in its non-retaining position, - and / or takes its safety position (I) with the bolt (3) hitting the stop lever (21) when the bolt (3) exerts on the security element (101; 201; 301) an effect of regulation in the forward direction and in the safety position (I) acts on the safety gear (40; 140) when simultaneously takes its safety position, and sets the own latch lever (21) its retaining position, acting the bolt (3) simultaneously on a detent (31) formed on the latch lever (21).


HALLIWELL-PHILLIPS wrote in 1879 that he had seen a manuscript in which Charles Lamb spoke of Shakespeare as having 'invented the fairies'. So manyinteresting and learned works have been written to prove that Shakespeare did not invent the Fairies, and to show precisely where he found them queuing up for parts in his plays, that I am going to spend part at least of this evening in trying to defend Lamb's statement. The Fairy before Shakespeare, and throughout his own period, has been dealt with so thoroughly by Kathleen Briggs in The Anatomy of Puck that a paper on Fairy Originals in Shakespeare could not help being largely a precis of her book which anyone interested in Shakespeare is certain to have read. Nevertheless I have found some references and quotations which she has not used so as to avoid leaning too heavily on her erudition. The one danger of such a study is to assume that Shakespeare knew his sources: I don't think that he did in any scholarly sense and I'm certain that he didn't bother to do one scrap of homework before writing A Midsummer Nzght's Dream, 'our greatest Fairy poem.' But of course he had behind him two very important sources: on the one hand the actual superstitions still alive in Warwickshire when he was a boy, and on the other the general literary tradition which he seems to have soaked in at every pore when he was serving his apprenticeship to the theatre during his first ten or twelve years in London. He had also an advantage which no writer of fairy literature has ever had since he hadn't read Shakespeare! There was no great fairy literature before him. Fairies in literature were scarce and scattered. We recognize them in one form or another in unexpected places. In Layaman's Brut, for example, where we read, to translate roughly, 'The time came that was chosen, I and then Arthur was born. I So soon as he came on earth I elves took him. I They enchanted the child I with magic G 89


This paper presents the theory of social representations as a model of social scientific theory. In doing so, it attempts to reconstruct the foundations of the theory of social representations by focusing on intellectual resources that were available to Serge Moscovici during the time he was developing the theory. These resources shaped his epistemology, and firmly distinguished the theory of social representations from other social psychological approaches. The focus on these intellectual resources draws attention to two issues. First, in contrast to what Moscovici often called 'one or two sentence theories' in social psychology based on the manipulation of variables, the theory of social representations is built on a rich set of presuppositions. Second, an explicit recognition of presuppositions of social representations in their application in professional practices like education, politics and health, among others, enables a unique contribution to social sciences and humanities.


The project has been developed with the helpp and collaboration of the research laboratory of Dr. Mauro Ferrari, leader in the nanomedicine, working as visiting student at "The university of Texas at Houston, Health Science Center, Department of Nanomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, 8125 Pressler Street, Houston, Texas" first and at "The Methodist Hospital System Research Institute, Department of Nano-Biomedical Engineering,6670 Bertner Avenue,Texas, later.


PURPOSE
To review the published and unpublished evidence regarding risk factors associated with shin splints, assess the effectiveness of prevention strategies, and offer evidence-based recommendations to coaches, athletes, and researchers.

METHODS
We searched electronic data bases without language restriction, identified citations from reference sections of research papers retrieved, contacted experts in the field, and searched the Cochrane Collaboration. Of the 199 citations identified, we emphasized results of the four reports that compared methods to prevent shin splints. We assessed the methodologic quality of these reports by using a standardized instrument.

RESULTS
The use of shock-absorbent insoles, foam heel pads, heel cord stretching, alternative footwear, as well as graduated running programs among military recruits have undergone assessment in controlled trials. There is no strong support for any of these interventions, and each of the four controlled trials is limited methodologically. Median quality scores in these four studies ranged from 29 to 47, and serious flaws in study design, control of bias, and statistical methods were identified.

CONCLUSION
Our review yielded little objective evidence to support widespread use of any existing interventions to prevent shin splints. The most encouraging evidence for effective prevention of shin splints involves the use of shock-absorbing insoles. However, serious flaws in study design and implementation constrain the work in this field thus far. A rigorously implemented research program is critically needed to address this common sports medicine problem.


History appears quite close at hand when we think of ancient Vedic India. Here is a society full of vigour in thought and action, bubbling with enthusiasm. The Vedic Period generated a rugged philosophy that sus tained India through the subsequent ages. The vigour of Vedic poetry needs to be enjoyed in a tranquil atmosphere. But how did humans arrive at that advanced stage of human contemplation which enables them to apprehend the macroscopic as well as microscopic dimensions of the human personality? In the course of evolution they man aged to evolve language—characterized by ab straction, symbolization, and articulation—which would reflect their innermost thoughts and enable them to communicate. Language is a unique human achievement essential to all cultural development. The Chhandogya Upanishad expresses this idea beautifully: 'Yad-vai vak nabhavishyat na dharmo nadharmo vyajnapayishyat na satyam nanritam na sadhu nasadhu na hridayajno nahridayajno vagevaitat-sarvam vijnapayati vacam-upassveti; had there been no speech, the righteous and the un righteous would have been dumb and still, truth and untruth, right and wrong might have remained unexpressed, human hearts would have remained unrevealed. It is speech that throws light on every thing. Contemplate speech.' Though the linguistic faculty is innate to humans, language is not; otherwise, the whole of humanity would have been monolingual. Nature has given us the faculty to produce language, and various human groups have been utilizing this faculty in different ways. Hence, the multiplicity of languages across the globe. In India this linguistic variety is particularly marked. The languages north of the Narmada have their common ancestry in Sanskrit, while those spoken south of the Godavari trace their ancestry to the Dravidian group of languages. But though these languages have different ances tries, they inherit a common national culture. A living nation breathes its own culture, which is vital for its existence. A nation delinked from its culture rarely survives. National culture is compar able to the human backbone—if it is intact, the human being can stand erect and can thrive. As long as a nation's backbone is strong, it enjoys vig orous health and vitality. It can ascend new heights of glory. In India a strong moral and religious life style based on the understanding of nature, both external and internal, was developed from ancient times. The study of external nature resulted in the growth of various life sciences. The study of in ternal nature resulted in a vision encompassing the whole of humanity. To the Vedic person the en tire universe was a big nest where humanity could reside peacefully, yatra vishvam bhavati ekanidam. The eighth schedule of the Indian constitution has a list of twentytwo scheduled languages spoken widely in different states. Besides, there are hun dreds of dialects in use across the country. Each of these nourishes the national life of people in their own regional setting. So far as Maharashtra is con cerned, we have the regional variant Marathi, the official language of the state. Yet Marathi is fairly standardized and there is no difficulty in carrying out the state administration in Marathi. Even the judiciary at district level finds it convenient to de liver judgements in Marathi, the official language of the state. This could happen only because the state


We present a certain extension of temporal-epistemic logic CTLK, allowing for specification of parametric group knowledge properties. These properties allow for free variables, and we introduce a technique for synthesizing all the possible variable substitutions which make the given formula hold in a model. We present the relevant theory, and demonstrate the efficiency and practical usefulness of our approach by performing the parametric analysis of several properties of the IEEE 802.5 token ring LAN protocol with some faults injected.


ABSTRACT Dengue virus (DENV) infection was reported by more than 100 countries in the world. DENV was estimated infects 2.5 billion people living at tropical and subtropical countries annually.  Laboratory diagnosis of DENV infection is important for the best clinical management of the patients. There are many tools and methods have been developed and dedicated to serve accurate diagnostic of DENV infection. In hitherto, laboratory diagnosis of DENV infection may be done by several methods, i.e. serology, viral culture, and viral genome-based detection. However, there is no convincing diagnosis procedures that easy to be performed and user friendly. This review will address the principle and characteristic of the laboratory diagnostic procedures that is available at this moment.


Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm is a tool to estimate DOA of incoherent signals. Spatial smoothing of MUSIC has been introduced to estimate DOA of coherent and completely correlated signals. Previous researches simulated and evaluated the performance of conventional and Spatially Smoothed versions of MUSIC algorithm for special cases. In this investigation in addition considering AWGN the effect of multipath fading in different SNRs, number of sensors, number of signal samples (snapshots), distance between array elements and number of sub-arrays for MUSIC and smoothed version has been considered. Simulations have been done for two cases, two completely coherent paths as case one and three paths with two completely coherent paths and one incoherent as second one. Simulation results show high performance of MUSIC algorithm to estimate incoherent signals. Coherent signals will be estimated via spatially MUSIC algorithm as well as incoherent signals in MUSIC algorithm.


We spoke with Dr. G. Larry Maxwell, Chair of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Inova Fairfax Hospital, about a potential new biomarker to help distinguish metastatic versus nonmetastatic disease in endometrial cancer.


1.0 Introduction 2.0. Purpose and need 2.1. Significance of action 2.2. Alternatives to proposed action 2.2.1. Chemical control of spurge 2.2.2. Non-chemical means of control 2.3. Goal and reasons for the choice of Ch. crassicornis 3.0. Description of leafy spurge 3.1. Taxonomy 3.2. Distribution 3.3. Life history 3.4. Related economic and native plants 3.4.1. Economic species 3.4.2. Native species 4.0. Chamaesphecia crassicornis 4.1. Taxonomy 4.2. Materials and methods 4.3. Results 5.0 Discussion 6.0. Environmental consequences 6.1. General 6.2. Physical environment 6.3. Human health risk 6.4. Ecological relationships 6.5. Cumulative impact 6.6. Mitigative measures 7.0 Conclusion Acknowledgement References Tables Figures Appendix


A concert conducted by Graeme Morton (BCCMF Festival Director) including the premiere of a newly commissioned piece, an Australian premiere, and some contemporary explorations of saxophone improvisations performed within the context of traditional choral music. Programme included: Leighton Missa Brevis Orlovich – Calm the Waves of this Heart (commissioned work and premiere performance) for choir and saxophone Morrissey – Three Carols Marshall – High Flight (Australian premiere) for choir and saxophone Rankine – To Live Slowly from Four Songs for Choir Tallis – Sancte Deus (with saxophone improvisations) Spiritual arr. Morton, G – Deep River (with sax improvisations) Chilcott A Little Jazz Mass (conducted by Guilfoyle, C)


Ternary phase-amplitude filters (TPAFs) are a discrete-valued correlation filters which may be viewed as an extension of binary phase-only filters (BPOFs) by adding a zero-modulation state. Modulation values of −1, 0, and 1 are encoded. The TPAF also has the potential for relatively simple real-time implementation but with much improved performance enabled by the additional modulation state, which allows blocking of some spatial frequencies. This paper reports simulation results demonstrating the design of TPAFs incorporating both in-class distortion invariance and out-of-class discrimination and compares the results with those obtained using other filter formulations.


A 16 1/2-year-old girl was studied because of ileitis, lack of pubertal development, and primary amenorrhea. She had a 46,XY chromosome constitution in lymphocytes in fibroblasts without structural defects of X or Y. She was H-Y antigen negative. This observation supports the concept of causal heterogeneity of XY gonadal dysgenesis (Swyer syndrome). Two groups have been established: (1) H-Y antigen-positive forms, which are more common, possibly due to gonad-specific receptor defects (total failure or reduced receptor affinity), (2) H-Y antigen-negative forms possibly due to mutation in the H-Y generating system, either of the structural gene (presumably autosomal) or of a controlling gene (on the sex chromosomes). The H-Y antigen status may be of value in determining which patients are at risk for gonadoblastoma or dysgerminoma.


Enterprise growth needs reasonable model selection.Low scientific decision-making,property right and human resource enclosing and dis—contracting of enterprise culture are the big four obstacles we should surmount in the process of enlarging and strengthening of Chinese private enterprise. We should promote replacement among management elements and transition of management modes,advance the process of corporation normative governance,establish special culture of private enterprises through gradually opening property right from the view of enterprises.On the other hand,the government should optimize the evolvement of private enterprise system..


Eutrophication of aquatic environments is a worldwide problem which is usually caused by leakage of nutrients from human activities on land. The primary production rises greatly when concentrations of phosphor and nitrogen increases, which can result in disturbances in the ecosystems. The aim of this project was to analyse the content of total-phosphor and total-nitrogen in different flow rates in the tributaries to the stream Hagaan on the island of Orust in the western of Sweden and identify relevant strategies to decrease the leakage. The material and information for this study was collected in two ways: a synoptic method was used to perform the water samplings, which was then combined with information retrieved from a literature analysis. The results show that a lower flow stream contains a higher concentration of nutrients and that nitrogen is added to the stream between sample 1 and 2 which needs to be further investigated. The results also show that the load of nutrients depend on the environment of the catchment area. The stream also transports the nutrients downstream which causes troubles making the estimation from where the nutrients originate. The results imply that further studies are needed to consider more factors that is influencing the result as soil and crops and investigate if there are any correlations between agriculture land and nutrient leakage in Orust due to the potential problem. Moreover, better communication between farmers and the municipality is essential to achieve a better environment and sustainable waterways. (Less)


Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and startups are widely recognized to have an important and substantial role in the Indonesian economy. Therefore, an ecosystem and standardization are needed to provide better progress and facilitate the growth and development of SMEs and startups. Likewise, with cooperatives, if cooperatives still carry out a "monotonous" pattern that does not take advantage of technological developments optimally and are ready to transform in the industrial revolution era 4.0, it is impossible that the cooperative will be abandoned. The government can create an ecosystem such as a startup through the hybrid approach. Hybrid approach can be an accelerated solution for increasing the independence and competitiveness of SMEs and cooperatives. The novelty in this research is a startup system with a hybrid approach that has never existed before in Indonesia escalating the tourism sector, cooperative systems, and SMEs. Furthermore, they can offer their products and / or services so that their function can be declared as online services and government operations. This research aimed to introduce the hybrid approach in startup development initiated by the South Sumatra Province Cooperatives and SME Service which will be implemented in 13 districts and 4 cities in South Sumatra Province. The results of the research were expected that the IBS model initiated by the provincial government and developed with the hybrid approach can become a new platform for SME actors and cooperative managers in order to become more independent, have competitiveness, and preserve the ability to face the challenges of the 4.0 era. Likewise, the increase of tourist visits in South Sumatra Province will enhance the important formation of collaboration between related parties in the form of crowdsourcing in the government environment. However, to make the ecosystem able to accelerate the achievement of performance targets and provide better public services is needed.


We propose a dual narrowband perfect visible absorber using periodic dielectric nanoring arrays on aluminum film. This nanostructure can reduce the oxidation problem that noble metal nanostructure is facing. In the designed structure, the resonance peak I corresponds to the first order grating mode, and the resonance peak II is due to the combination of SPP mode, SLR mode and the guide mode. For the application as refractive index sensor, the sensitivity of the two resonance modes is almost the same, and the figure of merit (FOM) of the resonance I and II are 21.8/RIU and 3.5/RIU, respectively. The narrowband perfect absorber has potential applications in sensing application.


Theory of the coherent-mode decomposition of laser beams is proposed. The new model for the (cid:13)at-topped beams proposed by Li recently is taken as an example. The analytical expressions for the M 2 -factor and mode coherence coeÆcients of (cid:13)at-topped beams have been derived in the rectangular coordinate system, by means of which the mode correlation, mode structure, and coherent-mode decomposition of (cid:13)at-topped beams can be analysed.


Assessment of the Israel lobby in America has been a recurrent topic in academic literature from a broad variety of political viewpoints. However the focus has been upon the Jewish lobby and organisations such as AIPAC. Little attention has been paid to the larger Christian Zionist lobby, which often provides stronger and much more determined support for Israel. This paper seeks to provide an understanding of American Christian Zionism through an analysis of the beliefs and political effect of two key organisations, Christians United for Israel and Christian Friends of Israeli Communities. This paper seeks to demonstrate the highly controversial nature of American Christian Zionists through an analysis of their beliefs, before attempting to establish the number of Christian Zionists who subscribe to different ideologies. An examination of their negative political effect through a study of the level of Christian Zionist support for Israeli expansion will follow. The paper will demonstrate the large number of Christian Zionists subscribing to the controversial dispensationalist ideology and the significant number encouraging and supporting illegal settlements in the West Bank.


Ricin is ribosome-inactivation protein,thus it can not kill tumor cells selectively.The modification and the anti-cancer activity of ricin were reviewed in this paper.The good effects on the therapy of cancer of immunotoxin made from ricin were also discussed.


The desorption characteristics of four targeted PAHs(fluoranthene,benz[a]anthracene,benzo[a]pyrene,benzo[ghi]perylene) in soil before and after biopile treatment was studied by using XAD-2 assisted desorption experiment and the bioremediation effectiveness was further evaluated based on the study of the desorption results.The findings revealed that the accumulative amount of desorbed PAHs in the experiment increased with time while the desorption rate decreased,which followed the "dual-phase" desorption model.The fast desorbable part of the four PAHs was 32%~70% before bioremediation and dropped down to 14%~39% after 6 month bioremediation.The remediation effectiveness based on the bioavailable fluoranthene,benz[a]anthracene,benzo[a]pyrene,benzo[ghi]perylene was 82.9%、79.7%、64.9%、54.3%,respectively,which were higher than those calculated based on the total concentration of each contaminant,which was about 61.0%、51.7%、37.2%、38.7% correspondingly.


Although AutoCAD provides users with a marked geometric tolerance of the order, but note that the order of the code, in the box size, the characteristics of symbols and additional symbols and so on, with our existing geometric tolerance standard there is a big gap. Code-named the function of the benchmark inconvenienced. Auto LISP language used to develop the geometric tolerance code tagging system, not only can quickly note that in line with the standards for a variety of code, and system settings to use the benchmark code tagging feature and recycling operation mode, you can complete a one-time map of all the benchmarks and tolerance code annotation.


The effects of starvation, feeding, sex and oviposition on the longevity of adult Zonocerus variegates L. in isolation or in groups was investigated in the laboratory. Females lived significantly longer than males either in isolation or in groups during feeding and to some extent in starvation. Females in groups with a male-biased sex ratio lived significantly longer than females in groups with a female – biased sex ratio. Oviposition significantly reduced longevity of mated females. Decrease in weight during starvation was gradual and similar in the two sexes. Key Words: Longevity, Zonocerus feeding, starvation. Bio-Research Vol.1(2) 2003: 11-20


Objective:To find out the possible pathomechanism of low back and leg pain related to lumbar disc herniation.Method:Autologous nucleus pulposus was transplanted into the rat's cavum epidurale,then the CGRP and SP in the L 4~6 spinal cord was determined by immunohistochemistry.Results:After transplantation of autologous nucleus pulposus,in the lumbar 4 to 6 segment,the relative density of CGRP and SP positve nerve endings in the dorsal horn of spinal cord increased significantly.There were significant difference as compared to the control group by statistic analysis.Conclusions:The autoimmunologic and biochemical inflammation of nucleus pulposus may play an important role in the pathomechanisms of low back and leg pain related to lumbar disc herniation.


Treatment of rat liver microsomes with low amounts of trypsin resulted in an inactivation of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase parallel to the release of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase. Associated herewith there was an inhibition of the NADPH-linked drug hydroxylation and lipid peroxidation activities, as well as an inactivation of the reduction of cytochrome b5 by NADPH. The NADH-cytochrome c reductase system, on the other hand, was considerably less sensitive to trypsin treatment of the microsomes. The inhibition of the NADH-cytochrome c reductase activity at higher concentrations of trypsin was, however, likewise correlated with a solubilization of cytochrome b5. High concentrations of trypsin also caused a conversion of cytochrome P-450 into cytochrome P-420 and a disappearance of the spectral shift characteristic of the interaction of cytochrome P-450 with substrates of the hydroxylating system.


This work was supported by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) grants EP/K009494/1, EP/M004120/1 and EP/K/039520/1. JCS acknowledges a scholarship from the Gates Cambridge Trust. LSI acknowledges the support of a Senior Fellowship from the Medical Research Foundation.


This paper presents rate coefficients for transitions between rotational levels of the A-type and E-type nuclear spin modifications of methanol induced by collisions with molecular hydrogen. These rate coefficients are required for an accurate determination of methanol abundance in the interstellar medium (ISM), where LTE conditions generally do not apply. Time-independent close-coupling quantum scattering calculations have been employed to calculate cross sections and rate coefficients for the (de-)excitation of methanol in collisions with para- and ortho-H2. These calculations utilized a potential energy surface (PES) for the interaction of methanol with H2 recently computed by the explicitly correlated CCSD(T)-F12a coupled-cluster method which employed a correlation-consistent aug-cc-pVTZ basis. Rate coefficients for temperatures ranging from 3 to 250 K were calculated for all transitions among the first 76 rotational levels of both A-type and E-type methanol, whose energies are less than or equal to 170 K. These rate coefficients are compared with those by Rabli and Flower who carried out coupled-states calculations using a PES computed by many-body perturbation theory (MP2). Simple radiative transfer calculations using the present set of rate coefficients are also reported and compared with such calculations using the rate coefficients previously computed by Rabli & Flower.


The issue here is the validity of using a single autapomorphy, which is known to be variable among some monotypic ankylosaurids (specifically Euoplocephalus) in diagnosing a new ankylosaurid taxon. Upchurch and Barrett now admit that this variation exists based on the work of Coombs (1971) and Carpenter's personal commun. (see above). It is important to note that the differences in squamosal 'horn' morphology among the various taxa they cite (Barrett et al. 1998:377) are based, for the most part, on taxa known from one or two specimens whose individual variation is unknown. Consequently, they can argue that each is different, or unique, in their own way. Only in one genus, Euoplocephalus, is the sample size large enough to demonstrate that the observed variation is taxonomically insignificant. Coombs (1971: 62) wrote: ''There is a considerable amount of variability in the size and shape of these skulls, in the relative development of the posteroventral jugal flange and the postero-lateral squamosal 'horns', and the distribution of grooves on the snout.'' Recognizing that each specimen referred to Euoplocephalus is individually different, Coombs further wrote (p. 63): ''The significant point is that the fourteen skulls attributable to the genus Euoplocephalus do not readily split readily into two, three or four subgroups, so that they must all be considered a single species, or each be given a different specific name. The former alternative is accepted here.'' Based on personal examination of the Euoplocephalus material (listed in my Appendix 1) I concur with Coombs' observation. There is no intrinsic reason to suggest that squamosal 'horn' morphology is unique for Shanxia, especially in light of the variation known to occur in Euoplocephalus. The dorsal outlines of the various skulls (line drawings) illustrated by Barrett et al. (1998:379, fig. 3.) do not substantiate their claim and, if anything, prove similarity (compare their fig. 3f, to figs. 3a, b, and c). I take issue with their statement that the onus is on me to demonstrate the range of variation in Shanxia falls within the range of Saichania. Rather, it was their responsibility, given the published record, to demonstrate that their squamosal 'horn' character is unambiguous among ankylosaurids, which they failed to do. Moreover, the sample size of Saichania is not large (two complete skulls), so statistically it is insignificant. Parenthetically, I too have examined the squamosal 'horn' morphology in many ankylosaurid specimens and listed these (Sullivan, 1999: 139, Appendix 1). I note that they did not list material examined in their paper, nor does it appear that they examined any material first hand, other than their specimen, based on their published acknowledgments. I can only conclude that their study was conducted by reviewing the literature, but Upchurch and Barrett now state they have examined a ''wide variety of material'' a claim that is unsubstantiated.


Using robots with industrial welding operations is common, but far from being a solved technological process. The problems are with the robots (still in early stages, difficult to use and program by regular operators), the welding process (complex and not really well known) and the Human-Machine interfaces (non natural, really not working). In this paper we discuss these problems and present a system designed with the double objective of serving our R&D efforts on welding applications, but also our need to assist industrial partners working with welding setups. The system is explained in some detail, and demonstrated using two test cases which reproduce two situations very common in industry: multi-layer butt welding (used on big structures requiring very strong welds) and multi-point fillet welding (used for example on structural pieces for the construction industry).


The Industrial Revolution 4.0 came after the third industrial revolution based on human resource and labour. Currently, the beginning of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has changed people's daily life and work. Generation Z are people who were born after the mid-1990s. They are characterized as a smart consumer for technology and are digital natives that will be joining the workforce. They bring new skillsets, high expectations and a desire to disrupt the industry. This quantitative study was conducted to determine the readiness of Generation Z and their knowledge on the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Data collection was through online Google form distribution using social media platforms such as Whats App to take the opportunity of Generation Z interconnection to cyberspace and their association with frequently using technology. The findings show that the level of knowledge on the present Generation Z towards Industrial Revolution 4.0 is on a low level but their readiness on the arrival of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 is at a high level. The researchers suggest that Generation Z is required to increase their knowledge on the issues and information regarding the Industrial Revolution 4.0 by implementing lifelong learning skills because the concept of lifelong learning is an open learning process that gives people the ability to learn and keep learning which mainly based on self-direction. So, these skills are important to help Generation Z build interest and knowledge for the mainstream.


Peciko is a giant gas field located offshore in the Mahakam Delta, Indonesia. Since the start-up of the field in 1999, 140 wells have been put on stream with cumulative gas and condensate production of 4.1 Tscf and 76 Mbbl respectively. Along with production and concomitant depletion, most of the wells are sensitive to back pressure and liquid loading, leading to challenging production monitoring activities which are required to sustain the production of the field. In order to improve the production monitoring workflow, a compact and practical toolbox has been developed. The inputs of the toolbox are the surface parameters (i.e., rate, pressure, and temperature) and Microsoft Excel is used as the calculation tool. Inflow performance relation is calculated at the wellhead level using Forchheimer correlation in pseudo-pressure mode matched with PLT data whenever available. Connected Gas-In-Place (CGIP) in the vicinity of the well is estimated from the wellhead shut-in pressure data using P/z method. The combination of inflow performance relation and CGIP is used to construct the production potential profiles. In summary, the toolbox is used to perform production forecasting, to evaluate the well potential and to indicate whenever wells are producing below their optimal potential. Those wells are candidates for remedial actions.


Solution of any design optimization problem is in form of a set of values for each individual design variable. Optimum Design is a rigid design and no change or variation in the set values is tolerated. A change or variation in set values of design variables and / or design parameters may cause improper functioning or even failure in some critical cases. The Optimum Design is generally so sensitive to change or variation that it does not tolerate any change or variation though the change is very small and even of the level of geometric tolerances. This all happens because the variation in design variables and parameters get induced in design function causing variation of design function. Variation of design function may cause improper functioning or even failure. In this context Robust Optimum Design is that optimum design which tolerates variations. The variations (which also include the geometric tolerances) are the expected deviation of design variables and / or parameters from their set values. If any how the induced variation is reduced to such an extent that it is hardly noticeable then the variations become tolerable up to certain extent and proper functioning and no failure is ensured up to certain extent. Thus the design becomes a robust one and it is called as a 'Sensitivity Robust Optimum Design'.


Herbert Percival Cooper Harrison ("Perry") was born in Guilford with his identical twin brother Ronnie during the first world war, before his father's work as a chief engineer brought them to Glasgow. He dedicated most of his 100 years to medicine, serving during the second world war and working in numerous different specialties before finding his true passion in general practice. A founding member of the Royal College of General Practitioners and designer of the college's coat of arms, he made important contributions in this specialty, as well as in undergraduate teaching.

After graduating from Glasgow University in 1940, Perry Harrison worked at Glasgow Royal Infirmary, the Southern General Hospital, Shieldhall Fever Hospital, Lennox Castle Hospital, and the Royal Cornwall Infirmary, gaining experience in ear, nose, and throat medicine; dermatology; plastics; radiotherapy; orthopaedics; and anaesthetics. This experience was to prove valuable when he found himself travelling the world as a ship's surgeon during the second world war, first in the Merchant Navy and then the Royal Navy. His war time had some …


Addition of N2 to Ar during Ti sputtering has been found to improve the thermal stability of TiSi2. For samples sputtered with a mixture of Ar and N2, TiSi2 was found to be stable after 1050 °C, 30 s annealing. Furthermore, the phase transformation temperature from the C49 to C54 phase was not affected with the addition of a small amount of nitrogen. The stuffing of grain boundaries of TiSi2 and TiN/TiSi2 interfaces by nitrogen atoms is thought to retard the transport of Si and Ti atoms. In addition, titanium nitride particles embedded in TiSi2 near the TiN/TiSi2 interface may also protect the TiSi2 films from plastic deformation and retard the grain growth during high temperature annealing. Smaller average grain size of C54–TiSi2 in samples prepared with the addition of N2 to Ar during Ti sputtering than that in pure Ti samples is also beneficial in enhancing the thermal stability.


work out of the basic insights of Karl Rahner. Each, however, in his own way moves beyond Rahner into his respective area of interest and expertise-"Political Theology" (Johann Baptist Metz), "Liberation Theology" (Gustavo Gutierrez), and "Public Theology" (David Tracy). Martinez shows how each of these theologians moves beyond Rahner's foundational perspective of transcendental analysis of the possibility of knowing and being (a metaphysical endeavor). He explains how each, in developing a theology, turns to history, to his particular social situation, and to the practical application of that theology in the society out of which that theology arises. Metz explores the post-Holocaust, postindustrial First World, where the privatization of faith has pushed theology to the margins of society. He insists that for theology to have any practical use for the church, it must be rooted in dangerous memory of people's sufferings and lack of identity. Christian praxis, for Metz, must involve both action and passion; followers of Christ must embrace not only Jesus' active pursuit of the kingdom of God but also his suffering. Gutierrez, the acclaimed originator of Latin America Liberation Theology, sees theology emerging out ofthe struggles ofpeople caught in a system of dependence, poverty, death, and nonpersonhood. Liberation theology analyzes the local situation from the "underside of history" and interprets of the Word of God in light of this analysis. According to Gutierrez, the first step in a theology of liberation is the silence of contemplation and the following of Christ. It is only as a second step, reflection on this praxis, that theology as such emerges. Martinez sums up Gutierrez's theological approach: "Gutierrez's theology is an ongoing meditative-reflective reading of the Bible from the perspective of a communitarian-ecclesial Christian praxis of following Jesus, living by the values of the kingdom of God under the circumstances of poverty, injustice, and death in Latin America" (225). Martinez shows how Gutierrez's theological project has been influenced through his dialogue with poets and social philosophers, as reflected in his work on the book of Job. Martinez's own words, encapsulating David Tracy's public theology, provide a sample of the author's fine prose in dealing with complex ideas: "Public theology seeks to overcome the dangers of privatization at the hands of a colonizing instrumental reason; of tribalization at the hands of fundamentalism that risks denying altogether the value of reason; and of interpreting traditions in a toosanguine manner, unable to take into account their own systemic distortions, their ambiguous histories ofeffects, and their triumphalistic and excluding self-centeredness" (217218). For those interested in an introduction to a positive encounter of theology with postmodernism, the section on David Tracy will prove invaluable. Martinez does not just present a synthesis and comparison of these three theologians and their respective theologies; he also sets up a fascinating dialogue among them, concerning both method and content. Finally, after tracing each of their movements beyond Rahner, he brings them back to Rahner to confront the only real question for theology, how to speak about the mystery of God in today's postmodern world. Each, he attempts to show, is influenced by postmodernism, moves toward "the other" in history, and indeed toward absolute "otherness" ofGod. It is deeply Rahnerian, with shades of Karl Barth! Although beautifully written, this book is not an easy read. For anyone serious about post-Vatican II Catholic theology, however, it is not a book to miss. Since David Tracy says he was instructed by Martinez's "brilliant study," and Gustavo Gutierrez says the ones whose works are analyzed in the book will benefit from it most, there must be something extraordinary here.