A moment-based pattern recognition system (in this case moment invariants) can be significantly improved by simply repeating the feature set in the Fourier domain. Moment-based feature sets in the space domain have these well-known properties: (1) they are best for distinguishing macroscopic regions of an image such as shapes; (2) high-order moments capture more information about the finer details contained in an image but are more susceptible to corruption by noise than are low-order moments. We show by theory and example that a feature set based on the low-order moments of the Fourier transform of a pattern has strengths that complement those of the usual space-domain moment-based feature sets. Improved results and a wider range of application result from using moment-based features from both domains. Basically, low-order Fourier-domain moments respond strongly to high-frequency details while ignoring the macroscopic shapes in an image. At the same time, their susceptibility to corruption by additive white noise is about the same as for low-order space-domain moments. Evidence shows that Fourier-domain moment invariants are far more useful for pattern recognition than the common ring-wedge-type features or other features based on the optical Fourier irradiance.


ABSTRACT The ecological vulnerability of global protected areas (PAs) is linked to the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We developed a novel degree of ecological vulnerability (DEV) index based on Big Earth Data to assess the ecological vulnerability of PAs. This is a transparent, repeatable, large-scale and rapid assessment method. We applied the method to case studies of International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) PAs in the basins of the Aral Sea, the Caspian Sea, the Black Sea and the Lake Baikal. Between 2001 and 2015, the spatial pattern of ecological vulnerability in the study area was relatively stable. The Caspian Sea basin and protected landscape/seascape (category V) showed high ecological vulnerability, while the Black Sea basin and wilderness areas (category Ib) showed low ecological vulnerability. Big Earth Data shows great vitality in PAs ecological vulnerability assessment. Strengthening international cooperation is an important means to break the bottleneck of ecological environment and resource endowment in these important international basins.


Abstract This article describes the synthesis of new peptomers through a simple and efficient route using a one-pot Ugi four-component reaction. The synthesis started from either carboxylic acids or protected amino acids, primary amines, aldehydes, and isocyanides in anhydrous methanol and proceeded under stirring at room temperature. The reaction produced several functionalized peptomers in good yields (67–80%). These compounds are versatile multifunctional intermediates that can be further unprotected or functionalized to generate new molecules with numerous applications in the field of biomedicine. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) have similar clinieopathology and immunophenotype, in order to differentiate the two diseases, 4 eases of ATLL associated cutaneous lesions and 18 eases of CL were studied for elinieopathology, immunophenotype and HTLV-I provirus DNA. Two eases of actinic reticuloid and two eases of lymphocytic infiltration of the skin were selected as negative control. The results showed that four patients of ATLL manifested cutaneous lesions, at same time, they had additional systemic diseases, such as generalized lymphadenopathy, increased levels of LDH and IL-2R, rosette-like cells in their peripheral blood and abnormal bone marrow. The HTLV-I provirus DNA was detected in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, cutaneous lesions and lymph node biopsy specimens of the four patients by PCR amplification of specific HTLV-I DNA fragment. 18 cases of CL were negative for HTLV-I. The study indicates that ATLL may be diagnosed if the patients are associated with CTCL-Iike cutaneous lesions, characteristic histopathological pattern and immunophenotype, rosette-like cells in the peripheral blood and positive HTLV-I provirus DNA.

Key words:
Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma; Lymphoma; cutaneous; HTLV-I provirus; DNA


1. Art Education at the Heart of Learning 2. The Way Forward for Science Education 3. The Leonardo Effect: Rationale, Methodology & Mechanism 4. The Leonardo Effect: Putting Theory into Practice 5. Analysis of Feedback from Schools taking part in The Leonardo Effect Pilot 6. Buried Treasure: Uncovering Literacy Jewels in The Leonardo Effect 7. Creativity on Fire in Ynystawe 8. Jordanstown School Applies The Leonardo Effect in Teaching with Children who are Deaf or Visually Impaired 9: A Head Teacher Reflects 10. Walking the Earth with our Eyes Turned Skyward 11. Synchronised Integration of Art and Science: a Model for Excellence in the Scottish Primary Classroom 12. A Student Teacher Asks: Can The Leonardo Effect Enhance Literacy Attainment in Boys? 13: Assessment of Leonardo Effect Learning in our School


turns into a stripy antiferromagnetic phase and then into a Neel antiferromagnet. The x-ray and neutron scattering experiments indicate that the ground state of Na2IrO3 is most likely characterized by a zig-zag spin structure. However, this type of magnetic order cannot be theoretically explained by the Kitaev-Heisenberg model. It is necessary to introduce further neighbor Heisenberg couplings and/or trigonal distortion of the oxygen octahedra. We study an extended Kitaev-Heisenberg model including these additional terms, by using two-dimensional density-matrix renormalization group method. Calculating spin correlation functions, we nd that the zigzag


The small intercontinental ballistic missile (SICBM) is launched using a cool gas launch eject system similar to those used for Peacekeeper and submarine-launched missiles. The SICBM system is unique in that a methanol/water mixture is used as coolant. A model of the breech fluid dynamics for predicting the launch pulse has been developed and verified with Peacekeeper data. In order to apply the model to the SICBM, the thermodynamic data for aqueous solutions of methanol of arbitrary composition have been studied and the necessary information developed. This paper describes the launch model and gives comparisons of the predicted launch pulses with both Peacekeeper and SICBM test data.


Although considerable effort has been devoted to building commonsense knowledge bases (CKB), it is still not available for many low-resource languages such as Uyghur because of expensive construction cost. Focusing on this issue, we proposed a cross-lingual knowledge-projection method to construct an Uyghur CKB by projecting ConceptNet's Chinese facts into Uyghur. We used a Chinese–Uyghur bilingual dictionary to get high-quality entity translation in facts and employed a back-translation method to eliminate the entity-translation ambiguity. Moreover, to tackle the inner relation ambiguity in translated facts, we made a hand-crafted rule to convert the structured facts into natural-language phrases and built the Chinese–Uyghur lingual phrases based on the similarity of phrases that corresponded to the bilingual semantic similarity scoring model. Experimental results show that the accuracy of our semantic similarity scoring model reached 94.75% for our task, and they successfully project 55,872 Chinese facts into Uyghur as well as obtain 67,375 Uyghur facts within a very short period.


According to the experiences of the author, he looks back the great contribution of plant cultivating technology on promoting the development of plant production. Meantime, in terms of the need of economic development in new period, the author presents a number of assumptions on developing this subject.


Summary

The reading of earthquake diagrams is discussed with special reference to the readings made at individual seismological stations and collected in the International Seismological Summary. It is argued that the most useful readings would result if observers fixed on the really well marked phases only. Interpretation of such phases usually can easily be obtained when the travel times of an earthquake are collected. Minor phases, on the other hand, quite often do not correlate and cannot be interpreted with any certainty.

Attention is drawn to the important phases characteristic of epiceatral distances and diagrams are presented.


A key issue in wireless sensor networks is maximizing the network lifetime. Network lifetime becomes particularly important in sensor networks where the sensor nodes, distributed typically in remote/hostile sensing areas, are powered by finite energy batteries which are not easily replaced/recharged. Depletion of these finite energy batteries can result in a change in network topology or in the end of network life itself. Hence, prolonging the lifetime of sensor networks is of interest. In sensor networks, the data transport model is such that a base station, typically located at the boundary of or beyond the area in which sensors are distributed, collects data from the sensor nodes. That is, the sensor nodes are the data sources and the base station is the data sink. Typically, the sensor nodes, in addition to behaving as source nodes in generating data to be passed on to the base station, act as intermediate relay nodes as well to relay data from other source nodes towards the base station on a multihop basis. In this thesis, we focus on an approach which uses multiple base stations to enhance network lifetime. Deployment of multiple base stations as data sinks can reduce the average number of hops between the source nodes and their corresponding data sinks. In the first part of the thesis, we address the question concerning the limits on the network lifetime when multiple base stations are deployed along the boundary of the sensing area. Specifically, we derive upper bounds on the network lifetime when multiple base stations are employed, taking into account the region of observation, number of nodes, number of base stations, locations of base stations, radio path loss characteristics, efficiency of node electronics, and energy available in each node. We also obtain optimum


GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS FOR DEEP DISPOSAL O F INTERMEDIATE LEVEL WASTES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. By 2000 the United Kingdom will have produced about 40 000 m3 of intermediate level wastes which, because of their content of long lived radionuclides, will be assigned t o a deep geological disposal repository, be it on land or offshore. In the paper the authors develop a novel concept of hydrogeological environments for deep disposal which departs from earlier guidelines for high level waste repository site selection by placing increased emphasis on the regional groundwater regime in the vicinity of the potential host formation, rather than simply considering the properties of the host rock itself. This concept has led to the definition of five types of deep environment thought t o be most suitable for disposal, and which are considered t o be applicable t o geological conditions throughout most of northern and central Europe. The authors develop the rationale for the choice of these environments and define those areas of the United Kingdom where they occur. These areas will be assessed in more detdil, with a view t o producing a short list of sites for thorough investigation and intercomparison as potential repositories.


The authors selected 132 local trees exceptional for their size, beauty, rarity, or history. Each description includes a color photograph and locations of notable specimens visible from the street. Appendices list trees by the months for best viewing and propose nine pleasant neighborhood tours.


The Gaussian interference channel with additive state at two receivers is investigated, in which the state information is noncausally known at both transmitters but not known at either receiver. For the very strong Gaussian interference channel with state, the capacity region is obtained under certain conditions on channel parameters. For the strong (but not very strong) Gaussian interference channel with state, points on the boundary of the capacity region are characterized under corresponding conditions on channel parameters. Finally, for the weak Gaussian interference channel with state, the sum capacity is obtained for certain channel parameters. All the above capacity-achieving rate points achieve the capacity for the corresponding channel without state.


The growth of the big cities, industrialization and goods consumptions, have forced the civilization to live with more intensive environmental degradation process, threatening both the nature and energy resources, besides the bigger production of gas, liquid and solid wastes. Any energy planning aims to minimize the wastes production as well as to stimulate both the waste and the sub-products re-utilization in the several industrial processes. In order to contribute to the solution of those problems, it is presented in this work, a proposal of a reactor which uses scrap tires to fuel oil using the gasification process.


Whether it is fiction or nonfiction, stories set in Shanghai were based on the writers' experiences in the city. To Korean colonists, the city of Shanghai was a place of freedom where they could escape from subjugation of the Imperial Japanese government, at the same time, a place of tragedy where they saw the influence of the Japanese colonial rule reached beyond Korea towards dthe East Asia. Therefore, the city of Shanghai represented in their works that illustrated the lives of Korean residents can be divided into two districts: one district influenced by the Imperial Japanese government with or without realizing-Shanghai International Settlement-and the other district which was a place of freedom not influenced by the Imperial Japanese government at all-Shanghai French Concession. Avenue Joffre in the Shanghai French concession was a place where they learn about new ideas and prepare for the practice and a place where they complete integration of love and revolution. In addition, it was "The road of patriots" who did never give up their will for the independence movement in spite of the exhausting life in a foreign country. Moreover, it was "The road of boheminan" where young people who fought against all types of dominion challenged the factional strife, segmentation, and the self-righteousness happening inside the nationalist group in Shanghai. They also sought for the freedom of humanity, literature and art. Contrary to this, North Sichuan Road in hongkou district in the Shanghai International Settlement was a place for people who did not bother with the independence of Korea or world peace. Rather, their goal was just to make some money and lead some stable life without worries about keeping the food on the table. This is why they gathered under the wing of the Imperial Japanese government. Shanghai, a sea port city, clearly was a city of freedom where Korean patriots came flocking and planned machinatons and revolution to fight against the Imperial Japanese government. On the other hand, it was an extension of colonized Korea that brought mental frustration and horrible poverty to most of Korean residents in Shanghai.


We investigate the ground state nature of the transverse field Ising model on the $J_1-J_2$ square lattice at the highly frustrated point $J_2/J_1=0.5$. At zero field, the model has an exponentially large degenerate classical ground state, which can be affected by quantum fluctuations for non-zero field toward a unique quantum ground state. We consider two types of quantum fluctuations, harmonic ones by using linear spin wave theory (LSWT) with single-spin flip excitations above a long range magnetically ordered background and anharmonic fluctuations, by employing a cluster-operator approach (COA) with multi-spin cluster type fluctuations above a non-magnetic cluster ordered background. Our findings reveal that the harmonic fluctuations of LSWT fail to lift the extensive degeneracy as well as signaling a violation of the Hellmann-Feynman theorem. However, the string-type anharmonic fluctuations of COA are able to lift the degeneracy toward a string-valence bond solid (VBS) state, which is obtained from an effective theory consistent with the Hellmann-Feynman theorem as well. Our results are further confirmed by implementing numerical tree tensor network simulation. The emergent non-magnetic string-VBS phase is gapped and breaks lattice rotational symmetry with only two-fold degeneracy, which bears a continuous quantum phase transition at $\Gamma/J_1 \cong 0.50$ to the quantum paramagnet phase of high fields. The critical behavior is characterized by $\nu \cong 1.0$ and $\gamma \cong 0.33$ exponents.


The spectacle of brown skin in Jamaica emerged in the late eighteenth century to the early nineteenth century with the "balls at Kingston to the 'Brown Girls'" (Lewis 382), referred to as the "Brown Girls Balls." "Brown Girls" referred to mulatto women or mulatress, infantilized as "girls," who were off-springs of Europeans and enslaved Africans. Brown women were considered the "fair sex" by Eurocentric standards, known for their beauty and elegance, and sponsored by the British Royal Navy ranks of Admiral of the Red and Admiral of the Blue. By the early nineteenth century, the Brown Girls Balls started going out into the streets in processions in "sets" of skin color by the gradation or shade of skin, costumed in matching dresses and parasols as they danced and sang through the streets. Later, the Set Girls parades joined annual John Canoe masquerades, celebrated from Christmas to the New Year. A contemporary brown skin spectacle reemerged in dancehall in the 1990s with a bleached-brown appearance with skin bleaching creams, critiquing colorism. I see masquerades like the Brown Girls Balls and derivative masquerades as palimpsests for skin bleaching to play "brown" in dancehall today. I argue that references to brown skin spectacles in the late eighteenth century "balls at Kingston to the 'Brown Girls '" and derivative masquerades are palimpsests for the bleached-brown skins in contemporary dancehall that still haunts the society's consciousness about its past, and recontextualizes the seeming paradox of bleached-brown skin masquerade in dancehall to denounce racism and colorism.


Eating disorders are considered some of the most difficult to treat and have the highest mortality rate of all mental disorders (Agras, 2001). Among them, anorexia nervosa is one of the psychiatric diagnoses with the highest mortality rate (Arcelus et al., 2011). In a longitudinal study conducted by Bulkin et al. (2007) from 1980 to 2005, it was found that – 80 – General question of world science applying medication and working with behavior yielded inconclusive results (Openshaw, et al. 2004). If eating disorders were solely dependent on food, it would make sense that changing eating behaviors makes it easier to get out of the disorder. Unfortunately, however, this is often not the case. The clinical case presented here is a clear example of the relationship between eating disorders and trauma, particularly sexual, emotional, power, and physical abuse.


The present study was supposed to detect the difficulties faced and satisfaction levels of lighting while performing ADL (Activities of Daily Living) / IADL (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) activities under existing indoor lighting. Exploratory research design was used with a sample of 50 elderly people who lives in apartments selected through purposive random sampling method and collected data through a structured interview cum observation schedule. The study found that majority (33.14 mean score) of the male respondents felt somewhat difficult and least (1.66 mean score) felt very difficult while, 44.37 mean score of the female respondents felt not at all difficult and two mean score felt moderately difficult. Majority (33.7%) of the respondents were averagely satisfied with existing lighting while performing ADL activities which belongs to 56-60 years of age group. Least (one per cent) of the respondents were extremely dissatisfied which belonged to 76-80 years of age group. Majority (35%) of the male respondents were satisfied with existing lighting while performing ADL activities. Least (1.5%) of the respondents were extremely dis satisfied with existing lighting for ADL activities. Majority 19% of the respondent felt Average in the age group of 55-60 and least two per cent felt Dissatisfied in the age group of 66-70 while performing IADL activities.


Verbal politeness in spoken and written communication is essential in order to demonstrate the level of courtesy speakers. In addition, the politeness of speakers is a manifestation of his skills in speaking. This study aims to describe and explain the speech verbal utterance of politeness imperative form in the text of the speech by President Ir. Joko Widodo at the National Conference of Indonesian Rectors Forum in the auditorium UNY. This is qualitative research. The research form is descriptive. The research approach was used pragmatic approach by studying the form of verbal utterances containing politeness imperative form. The sampling technique was used purposive sampling. Furthermore, the research methods were noted. The research results were known obtained thirteen speech act of verbal politeness of imperative forms that implies order, request, notice, prohibition, and hope. Keywords : verbal politeness, imperatifs, speech


ABSTRACT This study investigated users ' information seeking behaviors associated with their perception s of uncertainty. For this study, the data was collected from an use r group, who conducted information searches in the field of history, using the KERIS Edunet system and it was analyzed through the comparative analysis of the grounded theory. The results presented users' uncertainty in the following stages: the identification of information needs, the selection of an inform ation system, the selection of search terms, the actual use of the system, and the evaluation of search resu lts. Major implications pertain to the enhancement of the Edunet system and related services. The former includes the improvement of the retrieval mechanisms related to the search and display interfac es. The latter emphasizes the consideration of the origin of uncertainty in the process of the services. In other words, the study suggested to consider the inadequacy of the system functions, the insufficiency of se arch experiences and the lack of such abilities of particular users.키워드: 불확실성, 에듀넷 시스템, 정보추구행태, 정보탐색행태, 이용자연구Uncertainty, Edunet System, Information Seeking Behavior, Infor mation Search Behavior, User Study


This study is an offshoot of a project on the estimation of contigent liabilities of the Philippine government. The Monte Carlo simulation method adopted for estimating exposure (or expected losses) to NG-assumed risks in many Build-Operate-Transfer infrastructure projects makes it possible for policymakers to classify and rank projects according to risk, and set risk-adjusted guarantee fees, helping to mitigate many adverse selection and moral hazard problems in the project appraisal, approval, and monitoring process. Six projects (not explicitly identified) are analyzed for risk, and risk indicators are constructed for each to facilitate comparison and classification. Projects for which government bears excessive risk may be restructured before approval, while contigency financing may be arranged for projects that have already commenced operations. In addition, expected lesses serve as an input into the calculation of actuarially-fair guarantee premia.


The invention discloses a guide and guard device. The guide and guard device comprises a guide and guard body; a rotary shaft is fixed in the center at the lower end of the guide and guard body; a bearing is arranged on the rotary shaft; the guide and guard body is provided with a water channel; one end of the water channel is provided with a water inlet; a water outlet which is formed in the other end is arranged at the lower end of the guide and guard body. According to the guide and guard device, the guide and guard body is provided with the water channel and accordingly the assembling process of simplifying guide and guard is achieved and maintenance is convenient; two water injection nozzles on a water pipe and the guide and guard body are communicated and accordingly uniform cooling and temperature reduction of a rolling wheel can be achieved and jamming due to the fact that the temperature of the rolling wheel is excessively high is avoided.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze 18F-fludeoxyglucose injection by Silica Gel TLC method.METHODS: TLC was adopted in which 18F-fludeoxyglucose injection(A) and mixture solution of 18F-FDG injection-acetonitrile(5∶95,V/V)(B) were used as testing solution.GF silica plate and G silica plate were used as stationary phase,and the mobile phase was acetonitrile: water(95∶5,V/V).RESULTS: The main peak Rf of testing solution A had a great fluctuation;The main peak Rf of testing solution B was 0.38~0.40.Radiochemical purity of 18F-fludeoxyglucose was more than 98%,and the Rf of radioimpurity 18F-and the by-product 18F-fludeoxymannose stood at 0.0 and 0.78 respectively.CONCLUSION: When testing solution B,the process of silica gel thin-layer chromatographic analysis is stable and reproducible,and the results meets the requirements specified in USP and are independent of the category of silica plate.


The programs of digital television are more abundant than analog signals television, meanwhile the proportion of pay program is tending to be much higher than ever before. However we can use SI information to administer programs and register information of the set top box, so that the consumer can know all the information about the programs at home.


This comment responds to an essay by Rachel Barkow, which insightfully links the decline of mercy in American criminal justice to the rise of a rule-of-law ideal inspired by administrative law. This comment notes the dangers of the administrative, rule-focused, judiciocentric approach to criminal justice. Instead, it suggests a more political approach, with more judicial deference to political actors and less judicial policing of equal treatment.


Aimed to energy loss compensation problem of the conical cavity high-energy laser energy meter,the back scattering of the conical Absorption cavity was analyzed in the condition of uniform distribution l7aser incidenting on diffuse reflection surface.And,aimed to high power laser's output facula shape,the mathematical models of optical power density distribution at open-end of conical cavity and back scattering gross power were established.So,the measured result was compensated and amended.


Being an important node of cold chain logistics, the cold store has to be monitored and managed remotely in real-time, which is very important to operate the whole system effectively. With the help of wireless sensing network and other advanced techniques, a cold store remote monitoring system is set up, which is composed of digital video surveillance system, refrigeration control system and fire alarm system etc. Cold store is then monitored in a long range and managed systemically. The security and reliability of the cold store is guaranteed effectively.


Air freight continues to grow in volume after a plunge four years ago. Total tonnage in 2004 grew by 10 percent to 38 million tons overall, out-performing the growth in passenger traffic. Boeing's most recent 20-year freighter fleet forecast predicts 436 new large cargo aircraft will be needed in the 65-ton capacity and above, plus an additional 492 converted from passenger use and 270 retired by 2023. Airbus is also optimistic. What that means is a new growth in cargo handling technologies to handling the additional capacity. The article discusses the development of equipment such as single-platform cargo loaders and transporters, as well as a bulk loading system that can deliver cargo, baggage or mail directly to the aircraft and into the hold. Other models include heavyweight loaders with dual platforms mounted on self-propelled machines that can handle pallets or containers through one operator at the controls. Scissors lifts are a key component, with some that are able to operate at high speeds or have double the lifting capacity and can be used with the B747. Cargo loaders for the A380F family of planes are also described.


The main purpose of the article is to analyze the history of the pioneer organization formation in the countryside during the mid-twenties of the twentieth century. The author examines individual issues of the pioneer organization formation in the countryside in the mid-twenties of the twentieth century. The materials of congresses, plenums, conferences of the RLKSM on solving problems of work in the countryside are analyzed. The materials of the study of peasant children parents' opinions of that time on the issue of joining the pioneer organization are presented. The main directions of this work are considered, including the dissemination of elementary agronomic knowledge among children, participation in the re-election of village councils, the organization of children's leisure, the protection of the economic interests of young farm laborers.


Teratogen exposures cause 1–2% of congenital abnormalities. Our anecdotal experience was that detailed fetal sonograms conducted for the indication of teratogen exposure failed to demonstrate significant morphological abnormalities. We reviewed our experience to see how often such examinations yielded positive results. Records from 11 September 1989 to 13 September 1993 were reviewed. All women referred for detailed fetal sonography for the sole indication of exposure to drugs, toxins, or infectious agents and with a sonographic age of 16–24 menstrual weeks were included. All exposures were included in the study, even those without known teratogenic potential. Patients previously diagnosed with a morphological abnormality or with an abnormal level of maternal serum α‐fetoprotein were excluded.


In Constraint Programming (CP), achieving arc-consistency (AC) of a global constraint with costs consists in removing from the domains of the variables all the values that do not belong to any solution whose cost is below a fixed bound. We analyse how linear duality and reduced costs can be used to find all such inconsistent values. In particular, when the constraint has an ideal Linear Programming (LP) formulation, we show that n dual solutions are always enough to achieve AC (where n is the number of variables). This analysis leads to a simple algorithm with n calls to an LP solver to achieve AC, as opposed to the naive approach based on one call for each value of each domain. It extends the work presented in [German et al., 2017] for satisfaction problems and in [Claus et al., 2020] for the specific case of the minimum weighted alldifferent constraint. We propose some answers to the following questions: does there always exists a dual solution that can prove a value consistent/inconsistent ? given a dual solution, how do we know which values are proved consistent/inconsistent ? can we identify simple conditions for a family of dual solutions to ensure arc-consistency ?


Abstract. This study examines short and long-run association between globalization and productivity by using a time series sample of Turkey covering the years from 1970 to 2014. Firstly, I check the stationarity status of the series and following that I conduct a cointegration analysis among series in the framework of ARDL boundary test technique.  After that, both short-run and long-run coefficients are gathered by using error corrected form of ARDL Model. In addition to that, I provide the results for diagnostic check of the model. Eventually, a causality test is applied to see if there is a causal relationship between the series. According to the findings, globalization and productivity series are cointegrated and it is found that there is a long-run significant positive impact of globalization on productivity while this figure is negative for short-run. Moreover the test results for causality test imply that there exists just one unidirectional causality running from globalization to productivity. Keywords. Globalization, Productivity, Co-integration, Stationarity, ARDL Model. JEL. C32, F61, O47.


In octopods there is a strip of long rhabdomes just above the equator of the retina. In Loligo, however, the rhabdomes are shortest at the contre of the eye and longest near the periphery. In Sepia there is a strip of longer rhabdomes above the equator but they are longer at the anterior and posterior ends of the strip than at the centre.

In a dark-adapted retina of Octopus the pigment is concentrated at the base of the rhabdomes. It emerges rapidly in the ventral region but only slowly in the central strip. The rhabdomes of all the species studied shorten under illumination.


As climate changes, understanding the mechanisms long-lived conifers use to adapt becomes more important. Light gradients within a forest stand vary constantly with the changes in climate, and the minimum light required for survival plays a major role in plant community dynamics. This study focuses on the dynamic plasticity of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca [Beissn.] Franco) seedlings grown in contrasting light environments. Plasticity in Douglas-fir seedlings was primarily achieved by a combination of the physiological processes: maximum photosynthesis, quantum yield, Fv/Fm, Km (the light constant), light compensation point, and the ratio of needle area to needle weight (specific leaf area). Specific leaf area was the most plastic of the biomass parameters measured.


This paper proposes a fully automated procedure for the generation of behavioral time-domain macromodels of complex multiport electric, electronic or electromagnetic systems, whose response depends on several design parameters. The latter are embedded in closed form in the macromodel structure through a mesh-free radial basis function representation, which allows scalability to a possibly large number of parameters. A greedy process is proposed to iteratively select a reduced number of training frequency responses, so that the macromodel accuracy is enforced uniformly in the parameter space. Examples with up to ten independent parameters demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed algorithm.


The transmission line matrix (TLM) method is combined with Krylov subspace-based model order reduction (MOR) processes for the extraction of the broadband electromagnetic response of planar interconnect structures. A scattering-symmetric Lanczos algorithm is used for the computationally efficient generation of a broadband, reduced-order model for the multiport transfer function matrix of an interconnect structure. The passivity of the generated reduced-order model and its accuracy down to DC are demonstrated through the modeling of a typical, planar interconnect structure.


Objective
To investigate risk factors for the occurrence of psoriasis, and to estimate the influence of seasonal variation on the severity of psoriasis.

Methods
Totally, 507 patients with psoriasis vulgaris were divided into two groups according to the time of clinic visits: summer-fall group(n = 248)and winter-spring group(n = 259). Questionnaires were used to investigate possible risk factors for psoriasis, including work environment(outdoor or indoor), heredity, gender, age, spiritual factors, smoking, drinking, infections, etc. The severity of disease was evaluated according to psoriasis area and severity index(PASI).

Results
There was no significant difference in the number of clinical visits made by patients with psoriasis vulgaris between different seasons, but the PASI score was significantly higher in the winter-spring group than in the summer-fall group(15.6 ± 6.2 vs. 10.3 ± 5.7, P< 0.01). The summer-fall group showed increased proportion of patients working outdoors(31.5% vs. 22.0%, P< 0.05), but decreased incidence rates of predisposing spiritual events(26.3% vs. 12.5%, P< 0.01)and infections 2 weeks before the occurrence of psoriasis(23.6% vs. 13.7%, P< 0.01).

Conclusions
Occupational environment and predisposing factors markedly differ among psoriatic patients visiting to physicians in different seasons, hinting that seasonal and environmental factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris.

Key words:
Psoriasis; Seasons; Environment; Risk factors; Questionnaires


Introduction Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most prevalent specific eating disorder. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating and is associated with feelings of shame and a lack of control. Internet-based treatments are gaining increasing attention as a way to reach more patients with evidence based treatments In 2020 we conducted a preliminary analysis on the effectiveness of an internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy treatment project (Jensen ES, Linnet, J, Holmberg TT, Tarp K, Nielsen JH, Lichtenstein MB. Effectiveness of internet-based guided self-help for binge-eating disorder and characteristics of completers versus noncompleters. Int J Eat Disord. 2020;1-6. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23384). Objectives This study aims to update the analyses on treatment effect with the patients who have completed treatment in the year following the last data extraction. Methods The iBED treatment project is a 10-session psychologist guided internet-based self-help program based on cognitive behavioural therapy. When applying for treatment and upon completion patients respond to a survey containing, among other scales, the eating disorder examination-questionnaire (EDE-Q), binge eating disorder-questionnaire (BED-Q) and various sociodemographic questions. Data will be extracted from the treatment project in anonymized form for analyses. Results The preliminary analyses were conducted on 36 completers. These showed large standardized effect sizes on both the EDE-Q subscales (Cohens d ranging from .88-1.65) and on the BED-Q (d = 1.38). The updated effectiveness analyses will be presented at the conference. We expect approximately 70-80 patients to have completed treatment at this time. Conclusions Results will be discussed and presented at the conference.


According to the geological conditions and thin coal seam mining features,developed new SGZ630/264 scraper conveyor.This new type of thin seam scraper conveyor,used in underground mine thin coal seam face,is more productive and efficient comprehensive mechanized mining face ideal conveying equipment.Characteristic is driving devices and face vertical layout,adopt double-speed motor drag new technology and soft start-up device,high strength,good reliability,eliminate triangle coal phenomenon.


A simple and versatile method for the synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepines from o-phenylenediamine and ketones in the presence of solvents and under solvent-free conditions that used an amorphous mesoporous iron aluminophosphate as catalyst was developed. High yields with excellent selectivity were obtained with a wide variety of ketones under mild reaction conditions. The catalyst had the advantages of ease of preparation, ease of handling, simple recovery, reusability, non toxicity, and being inexpensive.


Introduction - Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) usually responds to the use of valproate or lamotrigine as first line treatment and refractory cases are treated using newer generation AEDs. We present the first case of exacerbation of myoclonic jerks in JME with the use of lacosamide as therapy.
Background - JME is an idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) that usually presents in adolescents with generalized tonic clonic seizures and myoclonic jerks and carries an excellent prognosis with good treatment response. Valproate and lamotrigine are used as first line treatments while levetiracetam, lacosamide, topiramate and zonisamide have been used as second line agents for treatment.
Case Details - A 42 year old woman with confirmed JME was started on lacosamide in addition to topiramate after failing to respond to lamotrigine, valproate, carbamazepine or phenytoin over many years. She started having myoclonic jerks in increasing clusters that worsened with increasing lacosamide and did not respond to topiramate adjustment or addition of levetiracetam. Tapering down the lacosamide on video EEG monitoring before discontinuation resulted in decreased myoclonic jerks prior to resolution. The patient is currently on topiramate, levetiracetam and clonazepam and remains well controlled without any recurrence of myoclonic clusters.
Discussion - Sodium channel inactivators like carbamazepine, phenytoin and oxcarbazepine and medications like pregabalin, tiagabine and vigabatrin have been known to cause worsening of JME and have led to diagnoses of JME in the past after treatment for mistaken diagnoses of partial epilepsy. Lacosamide, a slow sodium channel inactivator, has been used in IGE syndromes after anecdotal experiences of good therapeutic response.
Conclusions -Additional surveillance is needed to study the association between seizure exacerbation and lacosamide use, especially if used for IGEs. Disclosure: Dr. Swaminathan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kapoor has nothing to disclose.


The following, in edited form, are the marginal comments George Santayana entered in his own copy of Josiah Royce's magnum opus, The World and the Individual (two vols., 1899). Both annotated volumes are preserved in Robbins Library of Philosophy at Harvard. I would like herewith to express my gratitude to the Harvard philosophy depat'tment for allowing me access to this material for purposes of publication. Santayana's comments are profuse and, almost without exception, clearly legible. I have omitted mere textual underlinlngs and occasional question-marks and exclamation points. In addition, I have left out a large number of brief paraphrasings of textual material, including here only those which seem of special interest because of their succinctness or, on occasion, their tendentiousness. I have included all critical commentary that I was able to make even barely intelligible in context. I t was my intention to quote sufficiently from the Royce text in order to provide the reader with minimal frames of reference. It would be helpful, however, to follow Santayana's comments with a copy of The World and the Individual in hand. Perhaps the concluding passage of Santayana's critical appraisal of Royce as thinkor and person in Character and Opinion in the United States best suggests the spirit which pervades the marginalia:


The proposed paper shows some experimental results of a research in metallic structures inspection by using a high definition camera controller by high processing capabilities. The dedicated ARM Cortex-M4 initializes the ARM Cortex-M0 system for image acquiring. Then, by programming options, we are action for patterns (abnormal situations like metal cracks, or discontinuities) types and tuning, for enabling overexposure highlighting and adjusting camera brightness/exposure, to adjust minimum brightness, and to adjust the pattern's teach threshold. The proposed system has been tested in normal lighting conditions from the typical site.


Having a dose setting member which operates rotatably, a dose setting mechanism for the infusion device. The dose setting mechanism has an operable preset member to limit the maximum dose which can be set by the dose setting member. The first stop member is the pre-setting member is operatively connected, and indicates the maximum dose position is pre-set in the first stop member. Pre first stop member when setting the maximum dose that is has been set is engaged rotatably with the second stop member, thereby preventing further setting of a dose. The first and / or the second stop member may be moved together with the dose setting member, thereby, moved to the first and second stop members engaged state when the dose is set It is. Thus, while ensuring the correct dose, you can pre set a dose, and the pre-set dose can be set easily repeated. The dose setting mechanism, who lack the human or dexterity visually impaired is helping to set the correct and accurate dosage. Furthermore, injection device having a dose setting mechanism, particularly infusion devices, for example for insulin self injection.


The reaction between Ni and amorphous SiGeC thin film on SiO2  substrate is investigated. Four point probe (FPP), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) depth profiling are used to check the sheet resistance, the phase formation and atomic distribution during the reaction. It is found that comparing with Ni reaction with a-SiGe, the phase change of Ni reaction with a-SiGeC is different. After 700 degC annealing a tetragonal phase of eta-NiSi is formed during the Ni reaction with a-SiGeC. Ge atoms diffuse to the surface at a higher temperature and cause the lattice constant decrease of the formed Ni(SiGe) film


Objective To study the effect of pulsed Nd:YAG laser on hypersensitive dentin and inner wall of root canal,and observe the pathologic changes with a SEM.Methods Different output parameters of laser irradiation were used to irradiate the tooth facing,the morphological changes of inner wall were observed by SEM.Results Laser irradiation with low power and high energy density did not do harm to normal teeth tissue.The melted layer of dentin matrix extended to dentinal tubules,and the dentinal tubules were sealed to a depth of 15 um.The conventional treatment of root canal with laser irradiation provided much advantage in comparison with conventional treatment of root canal only;the decay layer was disappeared and melted layer was formed after irradiation which was beneficial to root treatment.Conclusion Laser irradiation on hypersensitive dentin was beneficial to root treatment.


Clinical features, leukemic cell characterization, chromosomal findings, and treatment outcome were analyzed in a retrospective study of 30 cases with acute leukemia of infancy, 24 infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and six cases with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL). Extensive bulky disease with organomegaly, central nervous system (CNS), and skin involvement were prominent features at diagnosis with a higher frequency in ANLL as compared to ALL. Four of six ANLL patients were classified as monocytic or myelomonocytic. In the ALL group nine of 24 (36%) were non‐L1 morphology and six of 17 (33%) were common ALL antigen (CALLA) negative, the majority of them (five of six) were included in the non‐L1 group. Immunophenotyping revealed four cases with early B‐cell (three patients: Ia+B4+, and one patient: Ia+) and two cases with T‐cell. Mixed lineage leukemia was found in five infants. Heavy chain immunoglobulin gene rearrangement was present in six cases tested, two CALLA+, two with Ia+B4+, and two were undifferentiated mixed lineage leukemia. Chromosomal aberrations were detected in ten of 18 patients, mostly in ANLL and CALLA negative ALL. Translocations were detected in six patients, involving 4q21‐23 and 11q23 in three and two cases, respectively. The probability of five‐year DFS was 27% for the whole group. The worst prognosis was observed in infants younger than 6 months of age, in whom the leukemia cell characteristics was compatible with stem cell: ANLL, very early pre‐B, or undifferentiated mixed type. The chromosomal aberrations found in all cases included translocation with the seemingly nonrandom breakpoints at 4q21 and 11q23, and breakpoints that corresponded to known fragile sites. This finding may be suggestive of an underlying genetic predisposition associated with the poor prognosis of leukemia of infancy.


In this paper, we consider transmitting a sequence of messages (a streaming source) over a packet erasure channel, where every source message must be recovered perfectly at the destination subject to a fixed decoding delay. Recently, the capacity of such a channel was established. However, the codes shown to achieve the capacity are either non-explicit constructions (proven to exist) or explicit constructions requiring large field size that scales exponentially with the delay. This work presents an explicit rate-optimal construction for all channel and delay parameters over a field size that scales only quadratically with the delay.


After the introduction which examines the historical debate over immigration the book looks at the current spectrum of economic political social and legal issues related to immigration into the United States--from compelling arguments for limited immigration to forceful arguments for open borders. As part of the program on American Institutions and Economic Performance leading scholars and business experts convened at the Hoover Institution in October 1996. Amid swirling controversy over passage of Californias Proposition 187 which denies welfare benefits to illegal immigrants conference participants discussed current state and federal immigration policies and the strengths and weaknesses of proposed changes. (EXCERPT)


The article is devoted to the issue date of uncontrolled illegal immigration into the European Union, which is a threat not only to EU Member States, but also the majority of nation states, which border with the European Union. The problem of research is extremely interesting, because in today's world, migration processes have put on the agenda of a number of issues, the solution of which depends on internal and external security of the majority of states in the world. As a result of increasing globalization and increased migration are increasingly affected by the scope of national and regional security of the European countries and neighboring states with him, including the Russian Federation. The author of the article the origins of European migration were analyzed, characteristics of immigration processes in the EU, cooperation between the EU Member States in the fight against illegal immigration, the European migratory crisis of 2015. The author notes that, without taking the necessary measures to political leadership of the EU, the risk of which is uncontrolled, illegal migration each year is still increasing. However, a quick and effective solution of population problems of illegal migration from Africa and Asia to the EU currently does not exist. Cited in the article sources confirm the basic ideas of the study


This research study examined the attitudes, awareness, and behavior intentions of 114 counseling teachers in three domains related to ethics in counseling: competence, relationship with clients, and professional relationship. Results show that most counseling teachers were aware of their professional limits, and were willing to seek ways to improve their competence. Many teachers were aware of the centrality of issues such as informed consent and confidentiality in a counseling relationship, but they seldom translated their awareness into written policies and standard procedures. Whereas avoidance of dual or multiple relationships is one of the key elements in counseling ethics, a majority of counseling teachers felt that dual relationships were unavoidable in school settings. In terms of professional standing, most counseling teachers did not perceive themselves as professional counselors as they interacted with other helping professionals. The


This paper investigates Korean-Chinese bilingual speakers' processing of Korean plural marker -tul. It employed masked priming experiments with a word judgment task for Korean-Chinese speakers from Yanbian, China. The masked priming experiments compared the subjects' response time in three different prime-target pairs: identical condition, unrelated condition, and test condition. The data of the experiments was analyzed in two different ways: subject analyses and item analyses. The subject analyses of the study showed partial priming effects and the item analyses full priming effects. These findings indicate that Chinese-Korean bilinguals seem to be sensitive to morphological structure of a morphologically complex words in Korean and less dependent on the lexical storage of the full form, as is usually found in L2 learners' morphological processing.


AbstractResidential buildings are one of the major consumers of energy. The majority of the housing stock consists of existing homes, and a large number of these homes are energy inefficient. Retrofitting existing homes to make them energy efficient can contribute immensely to energy savings. Buildings in the United States consume 72% of electricity and 40% of all energy, and residential buildings account for over half of these percentages. Existing buildings consume more than 70% of the electricity consumed by the buildings. With more than 130 million existing homes, energy retrofitting of existing homes is a critical area. Literature has identified that a key impediment to home energy retrofits (HER) is the lack of information or the lack of information in a format that the homeowners can understand and use to make retrofit decisions. Homeowners traditionally depend on experts in the field of energy efficiency, such as energy auditors and trade contractors, for information. There are, however, several p...


Pit excavation has a negative impact on the existing shield tunnel close to it. The deformation mechanism of the existing tunnel during the pit excavation was analyzed. Theoretical analysis results shows: excavation unloading decreases the pressure in horizontal direction of the tunnel, which causes tunnel taking the horizontal displacement to the pit side; convergent deformation keeps in horizontal stretching, vertical compression, but the deformation is aggravated; tunnel vertical uplift or settlement is determined by the pit excavation depth; precipitation would make tunnel sinking. Five domestic pit excavation engineering instance was collected, and the reliability of the analysis in this article is proved by the statistical analysis of the measured data.


In tanscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) era, knowing complications related to the procedure guides interventional cardiologist in predicting the obstacles and helps them in manage these infirmities. We describe a case of TAVR which deploying the valve resulted in left ventricle outlet tract (LVOT) obstruction which was perfectly managed pacing and medical therapy.


The present invention is in the detection tooling, the present invention provides a tooling ring detection, comprising: a body tooling, the tooling body is a "Y" shape, the fixture body "Y" shaped upper surface of the left arm is provided with a first intermediate position of the blind aperture; said tooling body "Y" shaped upper surface of the intermediate position of the right arm is provided with a second blind bore, the body tooling "Y" -shaped surface of the third intermediate position is provided with a third arm blind bore, the first blind a second blind bore hole and the blind hole, and a third ring with three reference positioning pins penetrating holes, the tooling body a "Y" on the left arm, right arm, the third arm are provided on the outside surface of vertical upward elastic platen support column; the support column is provided with a top platen elastically flexible pressure plate of medium, the medium-elastic ring against the platen surface position corresponding to the support surface; clip fastening screw through the through hole tooling the tooling table below ontology screwing.


Summary

In this paper we present two-stage procedures for testing the equality of normal means against ordered alternatives in one-way ANOVA with common and unknown variance. The procedures proposed are analogous to Williams's and Bartholomew's single-stage methods. A table of percentiles needed for implementation is provided. Some Monte Carlo results for estimating the power of both procedures are given.


Orthomnion elimbatum (Mniaceae) is herein reported new to China and Vietnam, representing the first record of the species northwards outside the Malesian and Australian regions. The species differs from the closely related species O. dilatatum by having undulate leaf margin, almost isodiametric laminal cells, and unbordered apical leaf margins. Confirmation of the species identity is validated by a molecular analysis based on rps4 and trnL-F sequences.


Cu-Zn-Sn alloy imitation gold coatings were electrodeposited on specially pretreated surface of GFRP(glass fibre reinforced plastics)with cupric sulfate, zinc sulfate and sodium stannate as major components, seignette salt as key complexant and citric acid as accessory complexant. Effects of components in the solution, operation parameters, quality of base material and post-treatment on appearance of alloy coatings were studied. Properties of the coatings were tested. Cu-Zn-Sn alloy imitation gold coatings with satisfactory color can be obtained from the plating bath with advantages of non-poison, non-pollution and constant properties.


Extending from the work of Erikson (1968), this project examines identity formation in yout'h growing up in a bicultural set,t,ing. In doing so, it. explores bhe int,er-relationships bet.ween t.wo largely independent. domains of research. These are t.he domains of ego-identit,y formation, as out,lined by Marcia (1980), and acculturative attitudes, as out.lined by Berry (1987). The ego-idenlity research is characterized by a classification of persons int,o one of four identit,y statuses based upon t'heir search and/or comnlit,ment of/t,o identities. Similarly, Berry's work on acculturation provides four alternat.ives for dealing wit,h culture and c u h r a l ident,ity. These four alt,ernatives are generated through the considerat.ion of an individual's desire for maint.enance of traditional culture, and contact with ot.her (host') culture(s). Ego-ident,it.y st.at.uses were assessed t.hrough t,he Extended Object,ive Measure of Ego 1dentit.y Status (EOMEIS-2), providing independent scores for each of t,he four statuses. Accult,urat,ive at.t.it'udes were assessed by an Accult.urat,ive Athtude Survey (AAS) which was adapted from a scale of Berry's. In addition, a measure of Ethnic 1dentit.y Development. (EID), const,ructed by Phinney (1989), was used to provide concurrent, validat,ion of both of t'he other instruments. Lastly, a measure of sbress was included, as it. was expect'ed to enhance undersbanding of t.hese two domains. It was expected t,hat the Int.egrat,ive accult.urat,ive at,t.it.ude would correlat,e positively wit,h Ident.it,y Achievement, and t,hat the Marginalized accult,urative at,t,it.ude would correlate positively wit,h Ident.it,y Diffusion. Beyond these two relationships, it was largely unclear how the remaining EOMEIS-2 and AAS scores would align. MANOVA of t'he AAS, stress, and demographic variables were ~erformed based upon a classification of ego-identity stat'uses as the independent'


Objective To study effects of low energy laser radiation united Solanuln nigtum Polysaccarides on tumor growth in liver cancer loaded mice.Method Established liver cancer loaded mouse model and divided randomly mice into five groups,Then calculated the tumor inhibitory rate and spleen index.We detected the expression of VEGFmRNA by in situ hybridization and Ki67 protein by immune histochemistry.Result Low energy laser radiation united Solanum nigtLIlll Polysaccharide could inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis,the expression of VEGFmRNA,Ki67 protein were decreased.Conclusion Low energy laserradiation united Solanum nigtum Polysaccharide Can obviously inhibit the proliferation of liver cancer cells and angiogenesis,so inhibit the growth of the liver cancer in mice


Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a 1550 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (1550 nm VCSEL) simultaneously subject to orthogonal optical injection and negative optoelectronic feedback are experimentally investigated. The results show that, under suitable orthogonal optical injection the VCSEL can exhibit rich nonlinear dynamic behaviors such as stable state (S), period-one (P1), period-two (P2), chaos (CO), stable injection locking (SIL) and polarization switching (PS). After further introducing negative optoelectronic feedback with a certain feedback delay time, the dynamic distribution of the orthogonal optical injection 1550 nm VCSEL is significantly affected, and some new phenomena including three-frequency quasiperiodic (Q3) state can be observed. With the increase of optoelectronic feedback strength, the S and SIL regions typically are shrank, while the quasiperiodic (QP) and CO regions are enlarged.


Financial analysis is an important tool to evaluate the credit risks of customers during the process of business credit management.However,there are certain limitations for financial analysis as well.In order to serve the business credit management better,it is essential to improve the overall capability and quality of credit managers,to comprehensively evaluate the enterprise's financial conditions and operating results by using a variety of analysis methods,and to conduct credit analysis by taking advantage of the advanced evaluation technology.


Abstract This study evaluated dental health care providers to identifystrategic management implications for providingimproved dental health dental health care services to consumers. For this purpose, adental health care satisfaction survey was conducted on 1,156 patients (more than 20 years of age) at a dental clinic follow-up visitin a small-town dentist clinic Gyeongsangbuk-do province from August 1, 2013 to September 13, 2013. The dental health service value satisfaction in the gender and age (p<.05), monthly income (p<.001), dental health service qualitysatisfaction indentists according to gender (p<.05), education (p<.01), monthly income (p<.001), word-of-mouth effectof satisfaction job (p<.05), age and monthly income (p<.001) were investigated. Acorrelation was observed between the variables ofthe dental health services dental health services quality sub areas: certainty, reliability, and materiality.The interrelation between the dental health service showed the value of the variable(p<.000). The dental health services, routeselected, customer satisfaction with the dentist, reason for choosingadentist, dental doctor reused andword-of-mouth effect of the satisfaction variable and the association with the volume(+) showed a correlation. Theestablishment new hospital management strategies can improve the quality of health care services to the patients and provide high-quality health care services.


Abstract IN RECENT years interest has been shown by many workers in the study of unidentified factors necessary for hatchability of chicken and turkey eggs. Unidentified hatchability factors were demonstrated in several ingredients as reviewed by Ferguson et al. (1958). These workers reported increases in hatchability of turkey eggs from hens fed diets supplemented with fish solubles, liver fraction "L," distillers dried solubles, condensed fish solubles, dehydrated alfalfa meal, dried whey and dried brewers' yeast. Couch et al. (1950) obtained an increase in the hatchability of fertile eggs when the diet of the laying hen was supplemented with dried whey and fish solubles. The work of Arscott and Combs (1953) was in agreement with the latter in which increased hatchability was obtained when condensed fish solubles was incorporated into the diet of the laying hen. Waibel et al. (1955) reported that chicks from hens fed an alpha protein and glucose purified …


Britain's insistence in the removal of the clause from the Maastricht Treaty stating that the EU would be of "federal character" is testament to the nation's complicated relationship with the concept…


The paper discusses diverse interconnected relationships formed within a seemingly unrelated group of students and a conceptually different problem statement. This study uses a Social Network Analysis (SNA) to analyze and map the connections among the individuals. SNA facilitates understanding the psychology of a group of people while performing a certain task. This could help predict further patterns in which a similar group might perform these tasks. As discussed in this paper, the analysis of selection of teammates for a project indirectly implies friendships in a department and can predict new friendships that could result from these. The data collected can be represented as a Social Network using various analysis tools such as Gephi and NodeXL. The result of the analysis determines the popular peer among the students and elucidates the reason behind it. Also, various other Inferences such as the close friends list, Social Influence of a node, and more were deduced.


The aim of this qualitative research was to describe the cohabitant's experience of their daily activities and how they expect that housing adaptation (HA) will affect their own and their partners' daily activ-ities. Cohabitant means a person who lives in the same residence as the client, with or without giving care to the client. The study included interviewing four cohabitants, all men and aged more that 65 years, to clients who applied for an HA. Interview data was analyzed according to qualitative content analysis. Results: Cohabitants experienced that in the daily life, they needed to be available on demand and give help, they felt worried, were doing their own activities, and experienced being limited in the choice of their desired activities. The other part of the result shows that cohabitants expected the HA to imply benefits for both their own and their partners' type of activities. Conclusion: According to the Swedish legislation, HA is an intervention applied only for clients, but the current study shows that the cohabitants expected that HA would be of benefit to their own daily activities as well. However, the cohabitants expressed that the partners' functioning were more important than how the HA would make the house look.


Over the past several years Bayesian networks have been applied to a wide variety of problems. A central problem in applying Bayesian networks is that of finding one or more of the most probable instantiations of a network. In this paper we develop an efficient algorithm that incrementally enumerates the instantiations of a Bayesian network in decreasing order of probability. Such enumeration algorithms are applicable in a variety of applications ranging from medical expert systems to model-based diagnosis. Fundamentally, our algorithm is simply performing a lazy enumeration of the sorted list of all instantiations of the network. This insight leads to a very concise algorithm statement which is both easily understood and implemented. We show that for singly connected networks, our algorithm generates the next instantiation in time polynomial in the size of the network. The algorithm extends to arbitrary Bayesian networks using standard conditioning techniques. We empirically evaluate the enumeration algorithm and demonstrate its practicality.


The problem of religious counselor has the same problem as their equivalent, namely that the existence of these instructors almost does not get the support of great attention both in terms of regulation and understanding of literacy as a socio-religious foundation in the digital era. The purpose of this research is to study the strengthening of regulations and literacy efforts as a socio-religious foundation for religious counselors in the digital era. The research methodology is qualitative with a socio-legal research approach. Through a study of regulations and efforts of Islamic religious counselors: Literacy as a socio-religious foundation in the digital era, concluded that: 1) In terms of regulations required by the technical implementation of the functional implementation of Religious Extension Officers for Permanpan RB No. 9 of 2021 and the formulation of 19 derivatives of the Permanpan as the task of the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia as the agency for fostering Religious Extension; and 2) Efforts to improve the quality of literacy as a socio-religious foundation for Islamic religious counselors in the digital era by providing continuous training rooms in the use of technology, information and communication tools, thematic training programs on religious content for extension social media users, program implementation socio-religious studies funded by the relevant government for religious counselors and the implementation of skills in writing scientific papers on socio-religious in a comprehensive manner on an ongoing basis.


Reelection is frequently viewed as the most important goal for members of Congress. In order to be reelected, members take positions on issues and policies that are in line with that of their electoral constituencies. We argue that position taking behavior of United States senators should have changed to accommodate a new electoral constituency after the adoption of the Seventeenth Amendment. Specifically, we look at amending activity by members of Congress before and after the adoption of the Seventeenth Amendment. By offering amendments on the floor, members can ensure certain issues get discussed and solidify their positions with their constituents. To examine our hypotheses more directly, we compiled two separate datasets. First, we examine a dataset of all amendments that received a recorded roll call vote in either chamber from the 59th (19051907) to the 68th Congress (1923-1925). We then examine a new dataset that includes all amendments to landmark enactments during this time period. Our results are preliminary, but provide support for our theoretical claims. On January 26, 2012, Senator Joseph Lieberman (I-CT), introduced S 2038, the Stop Trading on Congressional Knowledge Act. The bill – commonly referred to as the STOCK Act – proposed new conflict-of-interest rules to prohibit members of Congress from equity insider trading. While Lieberman (I-CT) described the self-imposed restrictions as a "mass repentance for past sins," the timing of the legislation suggests an alternative motivation (Kane 2012). Two months before the STOCK Act passed, 60 Minutes aired a report alleging legislators could use information acquired through their service in Congress to profit in their personal investments (Strong and Sanchez 2012). Despite an aggressive response to the report from congressional leaders of both parties, the story made any action short of a reform electorally inexpedient. What started out as a carefully crafted reform proposal, however, quickly devolved into "an ethical arms race of amendments" in the U.S. Senate. Senators from both parties proposed amendments that would have imposed restrictions far beyond what had been considered the last time Congress revised its ethics laws (Kane 2012). By the time the STOCK Act came up for a vote on final passage, the Senate had voted on 18 amendments to the bill – only 4 of which were successful. The list of unsuccessful amendments included proposals prohibiting earmarks and financial conflicts of interest by senators and their staff, requiring all members of Congress to certify that they are not trading using non-public information, and a symbolic measure that would have urged Congress to pass a Constitutional Amendment instituting term limits for members of Congress. In contrast, the bill was modified by House Republican leaders before being brought to the floor under a suspension of the rules (Wolfensberger 2012). No amendments were offered and the measure passed after 40 minutes of debate. On March 22, 2012, the Senate concurred in the House amendment, and Ten of these amendments received a recorded vote. The chamber had considered "nearly two dozen amendments," with several being withdrawn or dispensed with by other means (Wolfensberger 2012). As is customary in the chamber, a number of these amendments were non-germane. This amendment, offered by Senator Jim DeMint (R-SC) specified "the sense of the Senate that the Senate should pass a joint resolution proposing an amendment to the Constitution that limits the number of terms a member of Congress may serve."


Background:Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a locally invasive tumor that can grow extensively with diffuse infiltration into surrounding tissue. Resecting a large neurofibroma can result in an extensive defect that is difficult to reconstruct and can cause both aesthetic and functional deformities. Methods:From 2000 to 2010, 5 patients with NF-1 underwent radical resection and immediate reconstruction with 6 free flaps at our institution. All patients presented with recurrent tumor, and involved head and neck region in 4 and foot in 1 patient. Ages ranged from 18 to 75 years. The follow-up ranged from 1 to 94 months. Results:Defect sizes ranged from 84 to 252 cm2. A single free flap was used in 4 cases and 2 free flaps were used in 1 case. All the flaps survived. Complications included loss of skin graft, necrosis of the distal tip of a flap, and wound dehiscence. All complications were successfully managed with minor surgical procedures. Conclusion:Immediate reconstruction using a free flap after resecting a large neurofibroma is a safe and reliable method that facilitates radical resection of the tumors that are difficult to resect and that may result in an extensive defect.


An epoxy resin composition suitable for adhering or sealing the insulating material of the storage tank of a liquefied natural gas carrier is provided to improve the adhesive strength and mechanical strength at low and room temperature. An epoxy resin composition comprises 100 parts by weight of at least one epoxy resin selected from a bisphenol type epoxy resin, a glycidyl ether-based epoxy resin, a glycidyl amine-based epoxy resin, a phenol novolac epoxy resin, a cresol novolac epoxy resin and a dimer acid modified epoxy resin; 10-50 parts by weight of an aliphatic modified epoxy resin; 50-100 a polyamide-based curing agent; 10-30 parts by weight of an alicyclic amine-based curing agent; 0.1-20 parts by weight of a silane compound; 0.1-20 parts by weight of a curing catalyst; and 100-400 parts by weight of a pigment.


The article examines the current problems of organizing an effective system of current assets management of the enterprise, taking into account the industry aspect and foreign experience. Current assets of any enterprise are a complex economic category in which many theoretical and practical aspects are intertwined. Therefore, the organization of an effective system of their management is one of the most important issues facing modern managers. First of all, the management of current assets of the enterprise is aimed at their formation in the necessary and sufficient amount at the lowest cost, as well as to improve the efficiency of their use. This problem is especially relevant for companies where a large share of funds is concentrated in current assets, such as construction The construction industry is important economically and socially for the functioning of the entire economic system in the country. Construction companies create a large number of jobs and are consumers of products in many sectors of the economy. Therefore, the state of the construction industry directly affects economic growth or economic downturn in Ukraine. A special feature of construction is the implementation of a long operational process that requires special funding and proper organization of the management system of its current assets. Management of current assets should be considered as a complex process that involves the following tasks: accelerating the turnover of current assets; formation of the optimal amount of working capital that provides a continuous operating process; improving the composition and structure of current assets; increasing the competitiveness and solvency of the enterprise.


This paper presents field experiments on the downlink throughput performance of a beam tracking proof-of-concept system targeting 5G millimeter wave radio access in the following typical small cell environments: a courtyard, lobby, and underground parking area. The majority of the area in the tested environments is Line-Of-Sight (LOS) with cell radii of less than 60 m. The results show that the maximum throughput of over 2 Gbps is achieved in 87%, 40%, and 51% of each of the respective environments in the defined course. The beam tracking characteristics of each environment are nearly identical since the direct path is selected in LOS environments. Furthermore, under Non-LOS (NLOS) conditions, even though reflections degrade the signal quality, it is still possible for the user device (UD) to connect to the access point (AP) through the reflected paths. The NLOS connection is possible due to the relative position of the AP, UD, and reflectors in the environment.


withdrawn 28 J Sleep Res. (2000) 9, Supplement 1 TREATMENT OF NIGHT TERRORS IN CHILDREN WITH S-HYDROXYTRVPTOPHAN O. Bruni. S. Miano, E. Verrillo and S. Ottaviano Dept. Developmental Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome (Italy) Night terrors are a sleep disorder resulting from a partial arousal during slow-wave sleep with a prevalence rate ranging from I to 6.5%'. Different therapeutic strategies were described: an approach based on behavioural therapy, psychotherapy or hypnosis; a waking treatment; a pharmacological approach using benzodiazepines and tryciclic antidepressants that can reduce or eliminate partial arousals decreasing delta sleep and arousals between sleep stages. These medications however may be masking the symptoms rather than treating the causes of partial arousals and their use in children is generally not recommended. It has been hypothesized that the manifestations of the arousal disorders may represent a conflict between the mechanism generating slow-wave sleep and arousal, due to a dysfunction of the serotoninergic system. Therefore we supposed that the modification of the serotoninergic pathway through the dietary intake of 5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) that should elevate brain serotonin could be useful in the treatment of night terrors. Metbod. The sample was composed of 25 children (14 M 11 F) with age ranging from 1,9 and 8, I years, referred to the Sleep Disorder Centre of our Department, that fulfilled the following criteria: I) diagnosis of night terror (a sudden episode of intense terror during sleep; occurrence within the first third of the night; partial or total amnesia for the event); 2) presence of episodes for at least three months; 3) each child experienced at least 3 episodes during the last month before the consultation. A complete medical history and a detailed sleep history were taken. All children underwent a complete neurological examination and asleep EEG to rule out any neurological conditions related to night terror. None of the children had taken any medication for the sleep disorder. A basic dosage of 5mg/kg/die ofL-5-HTP was administered at bedtime to all subjects for 20 days. Results. The treatment with L-5-HTP determined complete disappearance of night terrors in 22/25 cases after a mean follow-up of 3 months. In 3 cases there was a partial positive response with an initial reduction of the episodes which returned. however, after the treatment stopped. No side effects were reported. Since the administration ofL-5-HTP resulted in a long-lasting improvement of sleep, this could explain the positive long-term effect on night terrors. The increase of high voltage monomorphic delta (HVMD) activity during sleep, sleep instability and arousal oscillation during stage 3-4 NREM in children with night terrors probably plays a role in triggering abnormal motor episodes during sleep'. It has been reported that L-5-HTP reduced intermittent awakenings and in night terrors could act through a stabilization of the sleep microstructure, modulating the frequency band and the spectra of delta and preventing the occurrence of the HVMD bursts that precedes the clinical episode. Obviously we need to support this hypothesis with spectral analysis studying the variation of delta band in these subjects after the administration of L-5-HTP. Although the lacking of a controlIcd study vs. placebo the Authors suggested the use of L-5-HTP in night terrors as a potential alternative to the other drug treatments described in literature that could determine serious side effects. NIGHT TERRORS COULD BE SUCCESSFUL TREATED WITH 5-HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN Key-words: night terrors, arousal disorders. 5-hydroxytryptophan 1. DiMario FJ Jr; Emery ES 3d. The natural history of night terrors. Clin Pediatr 1987; 26:505-11 2. Zucconi M, Oldani A, Ferini-Strambi L, Smirne S. Arousal fluctuations in Non-Rapid Eye Movement Parasomnias: the role of cyclic alternating pattern as a measure of sleep instability. J Clin Neurophysiol1995; 12:147-54 MICROSTRUCTURE OF TIlE SLEEP ITG IN DE NOVO PATIENTS WITII PARKINSON'S DISEASE: EFrECTS or DOI'AMINl' ON TIlE SPECTRAL EEG I'ROnLES Brunner HI, Weller Tel, Hogl BE, Trcnkwalder C I , Yassouridis AI, Friess EI. 1. Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich/Germany 2. Neurologic Clinic, InnsbruckiAustria The typical sleep disorders of patients with Parkinson's disease include sleep fragmentation, loss of slow wave sleep, enhanced nocturnal motor activity, and in particular. distinct changes in the rapid eye movement (REM) sleep EEG. However, most of the previous studies have been conducted in patients receiving dopaminergic medication. Therefore we investigated the sleep EEG in a carefully selected group of patients with Parkinson's disease (n=14, Sm, 6f, age: 63.7±11.8 yr; Hoehn&Yahr 1.8±0.6, UI'DRS: 16.9±4A) who had never been treated (=de novo) with dopaminergic drugs. We compared the sleep EEG profiles with a control group matched for age (n=IO, Sm, 51', mean age 65A±6.9 yr). In a second step, we rciuvestigated the patients under dopaminergic medication (n=7, 3m, 4f, age: 67.0±12.8 yr; Hoehn&Yahr 1.4±OA, UPDRS: 12.3±3.4) in order to distinguish between disease-specific and drug-related changes on sleep EEG. Polysomnographic sleep recordings were visually analyzed according to standard criteria. In addition, we submitted the digitized EEG data to a serial spectral analysis (EEG power spectrum from 0.39 19.1 I-Iz; frequency resolution 0.39 Hz). The EEG power spectra were cumulated across the dclta (0.8-4.3 Hz), theta (4.3-7.8 Hz), alpha (7.8-11.7 I-Iz), sigma (11.7-15.2 Hz) and beta (15.2-19.1 Hz) range. Statistical evaluation was made by MAN OVA with between (controls vs. dc novo patients) and repeated (de novo vs. treated patients) measures design. The conventional description or the sleep architecture revealed no significant group differences between de novo patients and healthy controls, nor between de novo and treated patients. The microstructure of the sleep EEG in de novo patients with Parkinson's disease showed a slightly enhanced spectral power in the higher theta and lower alpha frequencies within REM sleep that was not due to a REM sleep maintenance disorder. The increased alpha EEG activity within REM sleep appeared to respond to the dopaminergic treatment. Further data analysis will focus on the temporal dynamics of the observed differences between the groups. In summary, the preliminary results of our study point to moderate, but distinct changes in the spectral profiles in particular of the REM sleep in patients with an early stage of Parkinson's disease which seems to be, at least partly, reversed under a dopaminergic treatment. f..:.1:YWOI{I)S: lllh..rosuucturc..spectral 'lIl<llysj~. purkiuson S;'lldrllllll.:. de IHl\U. dopamine. REi\1 sleep. nlphu III RJ:i\1. sleep s]1l11dk Ircqucncj J Sleep Res. (2000) 9, Supplement I 29 LEFT VENTRICULAR STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN MILD TO MODERATE HYPERTENSIVES WITH SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHING M.S. Buniatian, P. A. Zelveian, E.V. Oschepkova, D.N. Badikov, A.N. Rogoza. Cardiology Research Complex, Moscow, Russian Federation. Objective: It is known, that increased left ventricular (LV) mass is an independent and strong predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in arterial hypertension (AH). The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between the presense of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and left ventricular structural changes in patients (pts) with mild to moderate AH. Design and Methods: We investigated 50 hospitalized pts with mild to moderate AH, aged between 23 and 70 (mean age 51±2 years, 40 male and 10 female). Noninvasive 24-h BP monitoring was performed with multisensor system «TM-2425» (A&D, Japan). LV mass was assessed by echocardiography (Devereux) and normalized by body surface area (LVMI). Continuos monitoring of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO,) during sleep, was performed with pulseoximetr «NONIN 8500M» (USA). The results were analyzed with original program «ARM-SaO,». The presence of SDB was confirmed when number of 4% desaturation were greater, than 15 per hour, or in the presence of group episodes of desaturation below 90%.. In 16 pts we revealed desaturation signs of SDB (gr. A). The group of comparison were included the pts without SDB (gr.B, n~34). Differences in estimated parameters (M±SE) between groups were tested by Student t test. The relationship between LVMI and other variables were assessed by forward stepwise regression (FSR) analysis. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The patients with SOB was older (57±3 vs 49±2y, p<0.004) and fatter (body mass index 32±1 vs 28±1 kg/m', p<0.02), comparitevely with gr.B. No significant differences was observed between groups by duration of arterial hypertension (12±2 vs II ± I y, p~0.35) and 24-h (86±3 vs 88±2 mm Hg, p=0.28), daytime (87±3 vs 90±2 mm Hg, p~0.22) and sleep (79±4 vs 80±2 mm Hg, p~0.42) values of diastolic BP. 24-h (I 51±5 vs 142±3 mm Hg, p<0.04) and sleep (I43±6 vs I31±3 mm Hg, p<0.02) values of systolic BP were higher in the gr. with SOB. LVMI (I 27±7 vs 112±5 g/m', p<0.04) was significantly higher in the gr.A, comparatively with gr.B. The structural parameters of LV were higher in the group with SOB: posterior wall thickness 1.14±0.04 vs I.08±0.03 em (p=0.08), interventricular septumI.I6±0.04 vs I.I2±O.03 em (p=0.24), the end-diastolic dimension 5.53±0.13 vs 5.14±0.08 em (p<0.004) and the end-systolic dimension 3.31±0.14 vs 2.98±0.07 em (p<O.OI). 24-h and sleep systolic BP, age, body mass index and number of4% desaturations entered FSR analysis to evaluate their ability to influence LVMI (multiple R= 0.49, R'=0.25, p<O.OOI). A FSR analysis identified sleep SBP and a number of 4% desaturations as a significant predictor of LVMI, which was correlate more closely than other parameters: Parameters SBP (sleep), mm Hg Number of 4% desaturations Semipart Cor. 0.35 0.26 C


It was considered the obtaining of a horizontal hearth as well as realizing judicious by chosen excavating works, with obtaining a continuous visualisation of the excavation height, which is obtained by tangent with the port-bucket wheel of the surface where is the bucket wheel excavator. It was also watched the using of installations level for determining the lateral repose angle in the transversal plain of the advancing direction, which is made by rotating with 90° against the walk direction of port buckets arm and tangent the terrain with the port buckets wheel. Another application of installation is to determine, when the excavator is on horizontal plane, of the cant angle, angle which is start from the front part of the director caterpillar (frontal repose angle), and determining the height or depth of excavation. It must be considered that the system has as a reference a gravitational pendulum mounted on the port–wheel arm with buckets.


Autocorrelation or nonstationarity may seriously impact the performance of conventional Hotelling's T2 charts. We suggest modeling processes with multivariate autoregressive integrated moving average time series models and propose two model‐based monitoring charts. One monitors the predicted value and provides information about the need for mean adjustments. The other is a Hotelling's T2 control chart applied to the residuals. The average run length performance of the residual‐based Hotelling's T2 chart is compared with the observed data‐based Hotelling's T2 chart for a group of first‐order vector autoregressive models. We show that the new chart in most cases performs well. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The scope and effectiveness of a legal remedy will be substantially determined by the method of its enforcement. Labour injunctions' are enforced by contempt of court proceedings. The legal principles governing contempt of court are uncertain and the sanctions for contempt of court in labour injunction cases are severe, so that labour injunctions may well restrict a wider range of activities than their wording would suggest because of the fear of contempt proceedings. This article is divided into two sections. The first contains an outline of the present uncertainties in the law and procedure of contempt. The second section contains a consideration of the nature of judicial discretion in contempt cases and the forms of sanction for contempt that a court can employ within the context of the labour injunction.


We need plotting the design drawing to paper according to different requirement when we make engineering drawing design.It should be a good and practical method that paper space plotting in CAD.


The objective of this research was to study the effect of drying temperature and time on quality of beef jerky. Five drying conditions were studied (1) 75°C,5 h (2) 75°C,5 h+90°C,0.5 h (3) 75°C,5 h+90°C, 1 h (4) 75°C,5 h+90°C,1.5 h and (5) 75°C,5 h+90°C,2 h. The increase of drying temperature and time caused moisture content and aw of beef jerky samples significantly decreased (p<0.05) while their internal temperature and shear force values significantly increased (p<0.05). Color of beef jerky samples did not change significantly with various drying conditions but a value showed decreasing trend (p<0.05) as the drying temperature and time increased. Overall, our results showed that drying condition (3) 75°C,5 h+90°C,1 h was the most suitable for making beef jerky due to internal temperature and aw of beef jerky produced from this condition met the safety standards regulated by American Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) (2012) and its texture/color properties were acceptable.


A moire method using phase shifting technique is proposed for a flatness measurement, with highly accurate and fast measurement time. Two new methods are suggested for the elimination of the reflected light from the back plane of the glass substrate and for the reduction of contour line errors caused by waviness or warp of the sample surface. The former is UV moire technique and the latter is angle error reduction technique. In the UV moire technique a light of the 313nm wavelength is used for generating a moire. The light is able to eliminate the reflection from the back plane of the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) glass substrate because it is absorbed inside the glass. The angle error reduction technique is to extrapolate data, which are measured in different distance between grating and sample, because the angle error is proportional to the distance between grating and sample. Using these two techniques, the proposed system realizes less than 0.6 microns in accuracy, while the conventional system is more than 10 microns in accuracy.


Thermoluminescence dosimetry is a powerful tool for obtaining the distribution of gamma dose, heretofore unknown, from the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Roof tiles irradiated by the bombs show intense thermoluminescence, and the radiation dose for samples irradiated below 100 r by the bomb can be measured by this method.


Beginning from July 23,2001, China's stock market has experienced a sharp turning from a rising situation for a succession of years to a sudden and continuous falling one for the following trading weeks, causing much concern of the public. The fluctuation was mainly caused by the actions taken by the supervisory institution to prosecute the illegal entry of bank credit funds into stock market. The illegal entry of bank credit funds into stock market does serious harm to the healthy operation of the banks. Therefore, effective measures must be taken to control it.


This paper describes new oscillator and atomic clock technologies that, when combined, create a master oscillator for use in deep-space navigation and science measurements. This atomic clock promises to execute spacecraft navigation using a one-way downlink only method, saving many millions of dollars per year. We will describe the complementary technology developments by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory toward a space-ready mercury atomic-ion clock and by the Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, in reducing the size, mass, and operating power of its quartz, ultrastable oscillator.


(7) Chionapsis furfurus, Fitch; 1856-1869. N. A very common species in Massachusetts, recorded from Amherst, Worcester, Andover, Lawrence, and Methuen, on wild redcherry, pear, wild and cultivated apple, flowering quince, chokeberry, shad-bush, and black alder. It is known from Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Indiana, West Virginia, North Carolina, Ohio, New York, Kentucky, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Georgia, Utah, Kansas, New Jersey, and Washington, D. C., on choke-cherry, wild red cherry, wild and cultivated apple, crab apple, pear, peach, Japan quince, cherry currant, red flowering currant, and European mountain ash.


Let n be the dimension of the Brunovsky system. For n = 2m (respectively n = 2m + 1), we prove that every positive distribution on [0, ∞) that has at least n/2 points of increase on (0, ∞), (respectively (n + 1)/2 points of increase on [0, ∞) generates a positional control that stabilizes a family of Brunovsky systems of dimensions 1 ≤ k ≤ n.