The goals of this study were to characterize the geographic distribution, concentration and inorganic speciation of arsenic (A~) in the groundwater, and identify the geochemical factors correlated with As concentration and mobility in groundwater. The recent reduction of the United States federal drinking water standard for As from 50 Ilg/L (ppb) to 10 Ilg/L highlights the need to characterize the behavior of As in groundwater environments previously considered to be a low risk to human health. Initial data analysis of more than 18,000 existing groundwater samples queried from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PA DEP) Drinking Water and Sampling Information System database (1994-2004) suggested elevated average As concentrations throughout the Gettysburg-Newark Lowland Section of the Piedmont Province. Chemical analyses were completed on 53 samples collected in 2005 from the Newark Basin for total As concentration, As speciation. major anions and cations, and field parameters. Arsenic was detected in all groundwater samples. Twenty-three percent of all samples contained elevated concentrations of As (> 10 Ilg/L (ppb)). Ele\'ated concentrations of As in the groundwater were most common in the Mesozoic sedimentary strata associated with the Newark Basin. The strata are composed of sandstone and red mudstone with interbedded grey shale. and grey to black siltstone and shale. Arsenic was typically not elevated in groundwater of diabase intrusions of the Newark Basin or in crystalline and calcareous aquifers to the north of the Ne\\'ark Basin, pH and redox conditions are known to control the mobility of:/s and are the most important 1:1ctor5 in this region. Conditions wcre predominantly oxidizing. Approximately 85% of samples contained arsenate as the dominant (i.e. > 70% arsenate) As species. Variations in pH demonstrated the strongest correlations with As concentration and likely affected As mobility by influencing the surface affinity of the rock substrate for binding with As. In red mudstone aquifers, As is likely mobilized by oxidative desorption from Fe-oxyhydroxide minerals. Oxidative dissolution of pyretic minerals may occur where oxidizing and weakly reducing conditions are present in black and grey shale lithologies. Competitive inhibition from P04 is unlikely.


Friction stir welding is an innovative technology in the joining realm of metals and alloys. This technique is highly economical and suitable especially for non ferrous alloys compared to ferrous alloys. It finds many applications in various fields of aeronautics, automobile, ship building industries etc. The paper presents the comparative results of mechanical properties such as tensile strength, microstructure, macro structure and hardness on the similar and dissimilar aluminum alloys AA5083-H111 and AA6082-T6 under certain selected variables - constant tool rotational speed, its tilt angle, welding speed using friction stir welding process. It is observed from the experimental results that joint efficiency of dissimilar aluminium alloys is higher than the similar aluminum alloys.


Mercury exists in elemental form (Hg0), and is found in numerous chemical compounds, including toxic, bioaccumulative, methylated species, such as methyl mercury (HgCH3 +). Many forms of mercury, including elemental, are volatile enough so that a significant portion can exist in the gaseous state. All forms of mercury are toxic to humans and can lead to a variety of nervous system effects. Any form of mercury in the environment is cause for concern because a portion of this mercury is converted to methyl mercury, which accumulates in fish to levels that can harm humans and wildlife that consume the fish.


The present invention provides a method of detecting in a sample of one or more analytes. Method least in part on the functional particles added to the sample partially or completely inhibit the detection of electromagnetic radiation through the surface of the reaction vessel containing the sample is propagated to the sample and from the ability to spread out. Microarray format, the present invention can be used for screening millions, billions or more biological elements, such as a living body, cells, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, sugars, metabolites, or small molecules. The present invention also describes a method, apparatus, and kits.


Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea was the sense of awe that it created in its author and its readers. There has always been a certain mystery about Hemingway's effects in his best writing. Hemingway has used the symbolism of association to convey by implication his essential form the time of his earliest American publication. Hemingway has used techniques of symbolism and techniques of irony and used them well. Hemingway, in fact, stirs thought as to the interrelationship of these two kinds of ambiguity. It is remarkable how often they operate together in his stories: an ironic fact, perception, or even on the primary level may epitomize an irony in a broader context, and thus doubly deserve selection and accurate report by the narrator. Taken at face value the denomination "symbolist" has meanings in the common language of criticism that are quite inapplicable to him. But beyond this, Hemingway uses symbolism.


Simulation testing and theoretical analyses are made to deeply analyze and study generating reason of "Two zones" distribution on irregularity caving and regularity caving of immediate roof and their distribution height.Study shows granular arch structure which is generated as caving rocks of immediate roof in granular state in top coal caving move progressively,is boundary between irregularity caving zone and regularity caving zone.,and is the reason immediate roof appearing "Two zone" distribution.Study on "Two zones" distribution puts emphasis on irregularity caving zone distribution,height of irregularity caving zone depends on arch's height and coal thickness,arch's height is an importantly effect factor in two factors.Theoretical analyses certify arch's height have direct ratio relationship with arch's span,and inverse ratio with Protodyakonov coefficient of immediate roof.According to loading character of arch,arch's span can be determined by analyzing distribution characteristics of abutment pressure fore and after working face.Studies on "Two zones" distribution height of caving immediate roof in paper have an important sense to study deeply flowing law of coal or rock in fully mechanized Top-coal caving stope.


This study was carried out during 1990-1993 in Samsun to determine the crop losses caused by European corn borer ( Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) which is a key pest of corn borer in the Black sea region. The experiments were 4x3 factorial in randomized complete black design with 4 treatments (currently sprayed + two sprayings + one spraying and unsprayed ) and 3 replications in first two years, with 4 treatments and 4 replications in last two years. Hybrid maize varieties TMP-2 (Karadeniz Yildizi), TTM-813 and a local variety which are widely grown in the region were planted in separate plots. The different rates of infestations were made by different numbers of sprayings and the relationship between yield and rates of infestation was determined by plot yields at these levels of infestations. The result indicated that the correlation between yield loss and infestation levels was significant and negative. An infestation at a level of 80% resulted in 21.9, 31.3 and 29.7% yield loss in Karadeniz Yildizi, local, TTM-813 maize varieties, respectively. There was a significant and relative correlation between yield loss and number of holes caused by European corn borer. Yield loss per hole was 8.0% in Karadeniz.Yidizi, 6.8% in local variety and 7.1% in TTM-813.


The modeling and simulation of large dc spacecraft power systems necessitates considering the spacecraft power system as an interconnection of modular components. This paper presents a state-variable-based approach for dc spacecraft power system modeling and simulation. Each modular component is treated as a two-port network, and a state model is written with the port voltages as the inputs. The state model of a component is solved independently of the other components using its state transition matrix. The state variables of each component are updated assuming that the inputs are constant. Network analysis principles are then utilized to calculate the component inputs.


The paper presents a consistent theoretical formulation for structural objet made by no-tension materials. The existence of the solution strongly depends on the loading pattern. Necessary and sufficient conditions are discussed and a procedure to check the existence of the solution is illustrated. Next the search of the solution is approached, based on the analysis of the Complementary and Potential energy functionals. In the Complementary Energy approach it is proved that the solution stress field obeys a constrained minimum condition of the complementary energy functional on the set of all stress fields in equilibrium with the applied loads and keeping the material in pure compression. In the Potential Energy approach, the primary solution is composed by displacement field plus the fracture strain field. The latter must be positively semidefinite in each point of the body; such a strain field is named an admissible fracture field. It is proved that the solution, in this case, obeys a constrained minimum principle of the Potential Energy functional over the set of all displacement field and on the set of admissible fracture fields. A number of computer codes have been implemented allowing to analyse by a F.E. procedure the behaviour of structural systems acted on by forces simulating the action of earthquakes.


Calls for small-scale farmers to move away from the use of purchased inputs in order to make farming more environmentally sustainable are being increasingly voiced on the strength of ecological arguments. These arguments, backed up by technical information on natural resource-loss or degradation, and by descriptions of sustainable indigenous systems which use few external inputs, are often persuasive. However, they can also be simplistic and misleading.


Using data on 1,757 middle and high school students from a nationally representative sample, relationships among youth perceptions of neighborhood characteristics, parenting processes, and their own school behavior, attendance, and grades were tested using structural equation modeling. A model with direct neighborhood effects on selfreported educational behavior as well as indirect effects mediated through perceptions of supportive parenting and parental educational support fit the data well in calibration and validation samples. Perceived neighborhood social disorganization exerted a larger effect than did family processes on self-reported educational behavior. The importance of including measures of neighborhood environment in future research on educational outcomes is discussed in the context of their substantial contribution in the present investigation.


Reproductive health has become a priority public health concern in recent years, although less attention has been paid to women's own reproductive health priorities. Qualitative research in this area is important in elucidating an understanding of women's roles in both social and biological reproduction, and in gaining access to women's perceptions of their own reproductive health. In this study, we examined rural Zulu women's perspectives on reproductive health and fertility as part of their life histories, and assessed knowledge of reproductive health and related practices. Findings indicate that, in spite of recent declines in fertility in South Africa, child bearing remains the principal form of self-expression among older Zulu women, with fertility a necessary step toward achieving social status as a woman. This status, however, does not confer autonomy or power on women, but rather serves as a means of meeting social expectations.


The main causes of deformations are investigated in the article. Observations of deformations of structures are a set of measuring and descriptive measures to identify the magnitude of deformations and the causes of their occurrence. For complex and responsible structures, observations begin simultaneously with the design. At the site of future construction, the influence of natural factors is studied and in the same period a system of reference signs is created in order to determine in advance the degree of their stability. Observations directly on the structure begin from the beginning of its construction and continue throughout the construction period. For most large structures, observations are made during their operation. A measuring network is used for observations, which consists of the following geodetic signs: benchmark - a geodetic sign that fixes a point of the leveling network (the height position of this sign is practically unchanged during observations of deformations of structures); mark - a rigidly fixed on the structure of the building sign, which changes its height and planned position due to deformation of the structure; reference sign - a practically motionless sign in the horizontal plane, relative to which the displacements and rolls of structures are determined. All geodetic signs installed on the building and around it create a survey and support network, which are interconnected by geodetic measurements. The service life of a construction site depends not only on the quality of construction materials and the quality of construction work, but also on the quality of operation, timely and accurate consideration of damage to buildings and forecasting their technical condition, which is impossible without measuring operations to obtain data for its safe functioning. At the stage of operation, the structures are subjected to numerous natural, man-made actions that must be taken into account in the project when choosing materials, developing structures and components, etc. However, in practice, the characteristics of building materials and structures may not meet the requirements of the design documentation, as a result, the combined effect of many factors will lead to accelerated wear of the building. According to the special features of deformation are divided into types: those that change their vertical position and planned displacements, all together spatial displacements. Methods of research of deformations which are chosen according to a kind of deformation are considered.


Conception and influence factors of time quota estimation,traditional algorithm and shortcoming of linearity neural network were discussed.A kind of algorithm based on the fuzzy min-max artificial neural network model is put forward.It not only has the advantages of normal neural network,but also can be used to deal with fuzzy variables.Meanwhile,an unsupervised learning method is used to train the network,so new influence factors can be coped with by this model,and the dynamic effects of the appearance of new technique and craftwork to time quota can be solved.


Abstract : This report examines maximum likelihood parameter estimation for signal models characteristic of the stepped sinusoid response of underwater acoustic transducers. The estimation problem is found to be particularly difficult when the stepped sinusoid excitation is at or near a resonance and the observation time is short compared to the model transient. A variable projection implementation of maximum likelihood estimator is used to study parameter estimation when the excitation is near resonance.


With the shortage of babies available for adoption, parents are now undertaking the care of many more handicapped or at risk infants. An approach which combines social worker and geneticist expertise for the provision of genetic counselling in adoption is outlined in this study. From 1974 to 1977 social workers in the Department for Community Welfare in Western Australia took a family history from one hundred and eighty families with an infant intended for adoption. Thirty-two of these appeared to have a significant genetic disorder. Counselling was then offered to the biological parents, the adoptive parents and, through them, to the infant in later years. Mental retardation, with or without epilepsy, affected fourteen of these thirty-two families. In addition a retrospective study on one hundred and thirty-seven potentially handicapped adopted people showed that sixty-seven were affected by a genetic disorder. It was shown that in a number there had been a good adoptive relationship. On the other hand u...


In this work we construct compact totally ordered spaces K. In a particular case we show that there are tow sub- C* algebras Y1; Y2 and a topology T which is weaker than the Tp topology such that (Yj,Tp) = (Yj,T); j = 1; 2; (C(K),Tp) =(Y1,Tp)\oplus(Y2,Tp) and (C(K),T) is not universally measurable.


This paper further discusses TCP congestion control modeling in the Model mechanism with Semi-Markov Process,which could increase the understanding of this mechanism and provide the possibilities of exploring the improved space.


This paper makes an analysis on how to cultivate students learning ability in the process of the gyneco- logical nursing education and proposes that it can be achieved by implementing the heuristic education to promote students' thinking ability,adhering to the memory rules to improve their faculty of memory,and increasing the reading exercises to cultivate their self-learning skills.


the correction being retrospective. The representatives of the ophthalmic medical practitioners will no doubt press their claims on the Ministry in the near future. The report includes an interesting section on eye disorders other than refractive errors found by ophthalmologists when sight-testing. The whole-time practitioners found other conditions in 40% of the completed tests, and their part-time colleagues found them in 34%. These remarkably high figures reveal what an important part the medical man plays in the eye service-a role that has occasionally been disparaged-and they emphasize the need for the provision by which patients must see their general practitioners before having their sight tested.


This article addresses questions central to the conception of women's citizenship: Do women have the same right to wage work as men have? That is, do women have the same access to and chances to keep jobs as men? Is women's right to employment perceived as an individual right, disconnected from men's traditional prerogative to hold jobs as breadwinners? Women's right to work is conceptualized as a complex structural and ideological construct, shaped by the interplay of the labour market, welfare state and women's agency. The empirical analysis takes one of the Scandinavian welfare states, Norway, as its main case. The study concludes that women's individual right to work was significantly strengthened from the late 1970s to the mid-1990s.


Abstract Expert communities, advisory bodies and expert bureaucracies are ubiquitous in national and international governance. Yet, we have surprisingly little systematic empirical knowledge about how much influence these experts actually have on public policies. This is partly due to limited methodological innovation in studies of expertise and policy making and a lack of relevant methodological guidance. The article presents a new methodological agenda for studying expert influence. It outlines five methodological strategies for studying expert influence empirically: two existing approaches – process-tracing and surveys of attributed influence – and three novel strategies – quantitative analysis of preference attainment, text reuse analysis and citation analysis. The agenda is aimed at students of expert influence across a wide range of phenomena, including the influence of scientific experts on policy making, the policy impact of expert advisory bodies, and the sway of national and international expert bureaucracies.


In rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM), the traditional power transfer method was achieved by slip ring that cannot cope with high-speed rotary of the tool, which limits the machine potential of RUM. Based on the principle of electromagnetic mutual inductance and the technology of loosely coupled inductively power transfer (LCIPT), a contactless power transfer system (rotary transformer) is built for RUM to achieve its power transfer goal. Resonant Compensation technology is used to enhance the efficiency of the rotary transformer. And the performance of the rotary transformer is validated on Maxwell platform.


Upslip and Downslip Ilium are patterns of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction (SIJD) that are commonly described in the literature. 1 They are opposite dysfunctions in which the ilium moves up or down and remains fixated in a position that produces pain, strain and movement dysfunction, until passively corrected. A case is presented in which an adolescent presented with severe low back pain and occasional abdominal pain with a bizarre gait pattern. Extensive medical workup was non productive. A clinician diagnosed Ilium Upslip on the basis of appearance only, and treated him making him worse. The case illustrated the paradoxical presentation in which Ilium Upslip is misdiagnosed on the basis of appearance, when the actual mechanical dysfunction is its opposite; Ilium Downslip. The muscle guarding of the quadratus lumborum and external oblique muscles seem to occur as an ineffective strategy to stabilize the symptomatic side. Palpation of the sacrotuberous ligament revealed hypertonicity, and Hesch Springing with Awareness 2, 3 demonstrated that inferior spring to the posterior iliac shelf enhanced pain with discernable hypermobility, and superior spring to the ischial tuberosity indicated blocked mobility. Treatment utilized low-load long duration creep, the force being maintained for five minutes, in a position that approximated the combined planes of the joint. Resolution was realized in two visits and the client was asymptomatic for nine months. This case is posted on www.YouTube.com as Downslip Ilium That Looks Like Upslip: Parts I-III. The use of visual diagnosis is discouraged on the basis of a false positive conclusion, whereas tests that have a greater utility and reliability are encouraged, such as Hesch Springing with Awareness and ligament palpation. 4 Posting videos on www.YouTube.com is a very economical way of sharing novel interventions with the medical community.


ABSTRACT Agglomeration and actual tax rates: firm-level evidence from China. Regional Studies. Across China the lower quartile of firms pays almost no tax, whereas the upper quartile pays the full tax rate of 33%. This paper suggests that a driver of this phenomenon is heterogeneous agglomeration. Using the full sample of medium and large manufacturing firms in China from 2000 to 2007, the empirical estimation results confirm that more agglomerated regions generally collect tax at higher rates. Furthermore, the results show that the tax–agglomeration effect varies with firm mobility: the positive relationship between tax rates and agglomeration holds more for non-state-owned firms, which are more mobile, than for state-owned firms.


[Methods] A field experiment was conducted to reveal residual degradation dynamics and the final residues of hexaconazole in apple and soil,the residues of hexaconazole in apple and soil were determined by GC with ECD.[Results] The degradation dynamic test results showed that the half-life of hexaconazole in soil was 7.114.4 d,and the half-life of hexaconazole in apple was 7.1-8.8 d.The final residue tests showed that hexaconazole 5% SC was sprayed for 3 to 4 times continuously at application dose 50,75 mg a.i./kg with 7 d spraying interval,21 d after spraying,the final residues of hexaconazole in soil were less than 0.01-0.215 mg/kg and apple were 0.011-0.055 mg/kg,which were lower than 0.1 mg/kg(MRL).[Conclusions] Therefore,preharvest interval was suggested to be 21 d when hexaconazole was applied at recommended dosage 5% SC for apple.


Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of glucocorticoids on traumatic shock in rats and explore the possible mechanisms.Methods Traumatic shock models in Sprague-Dawlay rats were made and randomly divided into group S(shock group), group H(shock+high dose) and group L(shock+low dose) based on the different dexamethasone treatments.Plasma ET levels, mean arterial pressure and oxygen partial pressure in tissues including skeletal muscles,liver and small intestine were measured post-shock and post-resuscitation. Results Compared to group S, changes of plasma ET levels and oxygen partial pressure in tissues during early phase of shock in group H and group L were not marked.On the contrary, there were statistically significance of plasma ET concentration, mean arterial pressure and tissue oxygen partial pressure of liver and small intestine detected 5h, 7h after resuscitation between dexamethasone treatment groups and shock group. Of all the changes in treatment groups, alterations in group H were more significant than in group L.Conclusion Treatment of glucocorticoids in latter phase of traumatic shock could decrease plasma ET levels,improve mean arterial pressure and oxygen partial pressure of internal organs.The therapeutic effect of high dose is more obvious than that of low dose.


This report provides data on daily dissolver operation and metal transfers. Sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate requirements are also given.


Titanium and its alloys are joined by various welding processes. However, Fusion welding of titanium alloys resulted solidification problems like porosity, segregation and columnar grains. The problems occurred in conventional welding processes can be resolved using a solid state welding i.e. friction stir welding. Aluminium and Magnesium alloys were welded by friction stir welding. However alloys used for high temperature applications such as titanium alloys and steels are arduous to weld using friction stir welding process because of tool limitations. Present paper summarises the studies on joining of Titanium alloys using friction stir welding with different tool materials. Selection of tool material and effect of welding conditions on mechanical and microstructure properties of weldments were also reported. Major advantage with friction stir welding is, we can control the welding temperature above or below β-transus temperature by optimizing the process parameters. Stir zone in below beta transus condition consists of bi-modal microstructure and microstructure in above β-transus condition has large prior β- grains and α/β laths present in the grain. Welding experiments conducted below β- transus condition has better mechanical properties than welding at above β-transus condition. Hardness and tensile properties of weldments are correlated with the stir zone microstructure.


Prominent Marxist theoreticians conceive the working class as a revolutionary subject based on moral or ethical superiority, a natural will for freedom, self-valorization, the need to avoid barbarism, etc. From a materialist viewpoint, human history consists of the transformation of the material conditions of social life through labor. Capitalism is the historically specific development of human subjectivity by transforming the powers of free individual labor into those of the social labor consciously organized by the collective laborer who privately performs it. Thus, the material product of the labor of the working class increasingly consists of the development of its capacity to scientifically organize production, whereas this capacity goes on confronting it as an alien social power embodied in that same product, that is capital, that falls beyond its control. With its free consciousness thus embodying alienation, the working class carries this absolute contradiction inherent in the socialization of private labor (a contradiction that transcends the contradiction between social production and private appropriation) beyond its limit, until revolutionarily organizing labor as a direct social power. As a historical social relation, freedom is transformed by this revolutionary transformation of the materiality of labor: the absence of personal domination based on the objective consciousness concerning one's own individuality as the bearer of productive social powers annihilates the absence of personal domination based on submitting to domination by the social powers embodied in the product of one's own labor.


This paper proposes a study of the influence of HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current Transmission) ground electrode current on neutral grounding network equipment. Unidimensional finite element method (FEM) coupled with three dimensional FEM are used for calculate the potential distributing in the soil that around the ground electrode. In order to quantify the effect of the DC potential difference on neutral grounding network equipment, an equivalent transformer model is first presented by taking into account the ferromagnetic hysteresis theory. Simulations indicate that because of the direct current magnetic bias, the neutral grounding transformer draws a large asymmetrical exciting current. It results in increased reactive power consumption, increased magnetic leakage, and the generation of noises and so on. The application of the proposed model to a test system shows its validity. (6 pages)


Hasan Deniz EXPLORING THE COMPONENTS OF CONCEPTUAL ECOLOGY MEDIATING THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATURE OF SCIENCE VIEWS The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of an explicit-reflective instruction involving the portrayal of non-controversial nature of science aspects on prospective elementary teachers' nature of science views and epistemological beliefs about science, and the factors mediating the development of nature of science views and epistemological beliefs about science in an introductory science course context. Using a mixed methods approach, this study examined the impact of the explicit-reflective instruction by doing preand post-instruction assessments of nature of science views and epistemological beliefs about science. This study also examined to what extent the factors such as prior nature of science views, metacognitive awareness, thinking dispositions, science self-efficacy beliefs, and motivation are related to post-instruction nature of science views and epistemological beliefs about science. The findings suggested that the explicitreflective nature of science instruction was effective in improving nature of science views and epistemological beliefs about science. However, a holistic examination of post-instruction nature of science views indicated that post-instruction nature of science views reflected a "naive relativistic" position. The findings also suggested that prior nature of science views and epistemological beliefs about science were related to post-instruction nature of science views and


The ocean is a hostile environment for just about any form of wireless communication - but developers are fighting back.


Flexible base has been a predominant aggregate blend used in roadway structures for many years. It has served as a cheaper material for low to medium volume roads. The Fort Worth District has had some recent roadway failures that have been directly linked to failure of the flexible base. Recent assumptions attributed this to a wide range of triaxial values between the coarse and fine limits of the District's gradation band. Laboratory testing of the typical gradation confirmed this. A new large stone gradation was proposed and accepted to use in a test section on the construction project in Wise County. The section was constructed in August, 1999, and falling weight deflectometer data collected in September, 1999 and October, 2000.


Summary Third- and fourth-grade boys and girls (N = 126) were presented 10 stimulus words, then were given either (a) pictorial illustrations of stimulus words, (b) instructions to construct stories out of stimulus words, or (c) no pictorial illustrations or mediational instructions. After a short retention interval, Ss engaged in free recall. Pictorial mediators increased recall compared to the narrative mediator and control conditions, which did not differ reliably. No effects as a function of socioeconomic status were observed. Results provide support for the dual coding hypothesis. Although previous research has shown that narrative mediators are effective mnemonic cues for adults, these mediators are relatively ineffective for younger children. The overt activity of writing down a story in the narrative mediator condition may have interfered with other information processing activities.


The development of residue upgrading technology is currently one of the most crucial tasks in petroleum refining. In China, the residues are upgraded mainly by decarbonization processes, i.e. residue FCC and delayed coking. It is believed that these two processes will be lasting quite a longer period of time from now on. Compared with the other upgrading processes, delayed coking presented its notable advantages in the adaptability of processing feed residues of very poor quality, the relative higher maturity of technology,the relative lower in capital expenditure, the ability to provide feedstocks for ethylene production, and the product distribution with higher diesel/gasoline ratio. For further developments of delayed coking technology in China, great efforts are to be made on the enlargement of the scale of process units, the optimization of the process operations, the cleanliness of process environments, and the utilization of the petroleum coke effectively.


We consider a model for phase separation of a multi-component alloy with a concentration-dependent mobility matrix and logarithmic free energy. In particular we prove that there exists a unique solution for sufficiently smooth initial data. Further, we prove an error bound for a fully practical piecewise linear finite element approximation in one and two space dimensions. Finally numerical experiments with three components in one space dimension are presented.


In this work we determine an infinit sequence of different values of C for which the diophantine equation Cz2 = x5 + y5 has no coprime non-trivial solutions.


Are city-regions opening up opportunities for decreasing the differences between women and men in terms of mobility or are they contributing to maintaining the gender gap?


Summary

Automatic sampling; its possibilities and applications.

The problem considered is that of sampling a lot of coal or ore in order to determine the average content of some essential component; as a particular example the sampling of coal for ash content is taken.

Three sources of error are considered, namely:

1
the sampling error, depending on the size of, and the distribution of ash content amongst, the grains; this error can be reduced by taking a large sample;

2
the error due to inhomogeneities in the lot, which can be cut down by using a gross sample composed of a large number of increments; and

3
the error in the analysis, including the errors introduced by grinding and dividing the gross sample into the final sample of about 1 gram used for the determination of ash content.

The accuracy (a) corresponding to 99% confidence limits is expressed in a simple formula, (1), in which the influence of each of the sources of error is represented by a separate term. Taking as a lot the coal produced at a mine during a shift, the formula shows that, to achieve a reasonable accuracy of a =i/0 ash, at least some 150 to 200 increments have to be taken, the second sourse of error (inhomogeneity of the lot) being by far the most important one. The size of the increments can be relatively small so that the weight of the gross sample stays within acceptable limits.

This large number of increments necessitates the use of an automatic sampling procedure. In § 3 a sampler developed and installed at one of the Dutch State Mines is described together with the precautions required to prevent bias in the samples due tj segregation of the coal across the conveyor belt.

For further details the English reader may be referred to Fuel 19, 101–105,1950.


The current higher vocational education is not very competitive and attractive.To push the higher vocational education to a sustainable developing track,it is important to conduct a comprehensive reform and innovation,emphasize the important parts,overcome the difficulty,improve the educational quality,display school-running characteristics,enhance the school forces,promote the combination between businesses and schools,build the new development hope and optimize the overall image.


As is known to everyone, the preservation of agricultural landscape plays a crucial role in productivity, sustainability and other ecosystem services of agricultural systems. In Taiwan, there was a disgraceful history between the sprawl of factories and farmland preservation. With the expansion of Cities’ boundaries, it formed a skyrocketing wave of urban sprawl at the fringe of urbanized area in the 1960s. It created a prevailing phenomenon in rural area in Taiwan called “ Non-Agricultural Use on Farmland “, which means landuse that violates against the current law, such as manufactories and houses. These human activities severely deteriorate the landscape and the quality of agricultural products in Taiwan. However, with the awareness of the importance of ecosystem services, people in Taiwan are no longer satisfied with nowadays policy-making process. They are asking to take ecosystem-value into consideration in policy formulation and spatial planning processes. Yet, current spatial planning policies rarely include the value of ecosystem services in the assessment process, which result in biases in policy evaluation and detract from the output of ecosystem services and human well-being.

Therefore, in order to incorporate the ecosystem service assessment into the process of spatial planning policy, this study will first evaluate the ecosystem services through the InVEST model and identify the spatial pattern of ecosystem services through spatial autocorrelation. In our research, we select four modules that is consider to be most relevant to the preservation of farmland landscape through literature review, which includes:  “Carbon Storage and Sequestration”, ”Habitat Quality”, ”Annual Water Yield”, ”Sediment Delivery Ratio”. Then, by modifying the spatial pattern of the ecosystem services into criteria settings, this thesis simulates the change of the overall ecosystem services and the hotspots in different scenarios of farmland control policies. In order to further assess the spatial relevance of farmland-factory management policies to ecosystem services, this study use spatial autocorrelation to assess the location of ecosystem services and to identify a reasonable and effective farmland management strategy.

Primitive analysis points out that the demolition of the farmland-factory will have positive effects on multiple ecosystem services. We verify several scenarios including the scenarios that consider the spatial pattern, take hot spots of selected ecosystem services modules into consideration, the other that consider “ growth management ” and still the one that consider ongoing governmental policies. However, the output of ecosystem services and spatial pattern are different due to the spatial structure of the research environment and the physical status. Some of the ecosystem services show obvious result that they are affected by the spatial structure or by physical environment, and there are still some results showing no significant difference. This paper try to demonstrate and provide information in the process of farmland-factory management policy. The findings of this article can be applied to policies that concerned of landscaping preservation planning and management, providing a GIS-based and Scenario-based method of ecosystem services assessment, which we hope to construct a harmonious policy framework for landscape preservation and industry expansion


In recent years, deep machine learning has received a lot of attention to explore and structure multidimensional and multimodality medical imaging data. The 'Images and Models' team from CREATIS lab (www.creatis.insalyon.fr) in Lyon (France) has developed a strong expertise in the domain of machine learning for the design of diagnosis [1, 2, 3, 4] and prognosis models [5]. While these models target different objective


We design and fabricate an all-fiber fan-in/fan-out device with a square lattice structure and practically low averaged insertion loss of 1.43 dB for coupled-core four-core fibers with a core pitch as small as $17\ \mu\mathrm{m}$.


We have seen in Chapter 5 that the Vedic tradition blended (from our perspective: confused) ontology, the question of what exists, with epistemology, the question of what we can know, and how. We have also seen there and in Chapter 8 that the Buddha argued against positing a category of ´being´, and altogether substituted for the question ´What exists?´ the question ´What can we experience?´


THIS BIBLIOGRAPHY takes into its purview stand-alone publications on Joseph Conrad written in English (or predominantly in English), including those published privately. Included in the listing below are monographs, pamphlets, biographies, bibliographies, broadsheets, auction catalogues, essay collections, special journal issues devoted to Conrad, general introductions, collections of letters to and from Conrad, reference works, as well as scholarly and critical editions of the writer's work (and revised editions of the above).Covered here are items published between 1913, when the first standalone work on Conrad appeared, through 2010. In order to keep to a manageable length, articles or chapters in books, are, with two exceptions, not listed. First, Andrzej Busza's "Conrad's Polish Literary Background and Some Illustrations of the Influence of Polish Literature on his Work" has been noted here because of its length (nearly 150 pages) even though it appeared in a journal. Secondly, in the case of books about more than one author, those in which at least a third of the emphasis was on Conrad are included. (Typically, page numbers for chapters in books are not included since often the discussion of Conrad appears not only within an individual chapter or chapters but also intermingled in the introduction, conclusion, and elsewhere.)In only two cases stand-alone items have been excluded. Left out are study notes for the student market, focusing typically on a single literary work (or occasionally more than one) and containing extended plot summaries (usually chapter-by-chapter), explications, study questions, topics for writing, and so forth. (Cliffs Notes, Monarch Notes, Brodie Notes, York Notes, Max Notes, Bames & Noble Notes, and so on fall into this category, and have been excluded here.) Sometimes a fine line exists between study notes and introductory volumes, but it has been felt that items lacking extensive summaries of the literary work belonged to the category of introductions, whereas those that included such summaries fell into the category of study notes. Also excluded are dissertations and theses because these are unpublished works.1Just as the relationship between study guides and introductions blurs at times, so too does that between dissertation/theses and monographs. In such cases, it has been felt that if more than merely a few copies of a work were printed or if they were printed elsewhere than at the degreegranting institution, then they are included. Finally, not included here are works referred to in various sources but held in no library and whose existence could not be confidently asserted (for example, J. M. Dent & Sons' pamphlet, Joseph Conrad Centenary, 3rd December 1857-1957, James W. Thirsk's Joseph Conrad, 1857-1924: A Centenary Book-List, and Dario Gazzoni's The Sea Novels of Josef Conrad).Entries are divided by decade and then arranged according to category (commentaries, biographies, bibliographies, critical/scholarly editions, introductory works, and so on). In the case where a work belongs to more than one category - for example, G. Jean-Aubry's Joseph Conrad: Life 1910-1919CommentariesCurie, Richard. Joseph Conrad: A Study. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Triibner; Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Page, 1914.Follett, Wilson. Joseph Conrad: A Short Study of his Intellectual and Emotional Attitude toward his Work and of the Chief Characters of his Novels. Garden Gty, New York: Doubleday, Page, 1915.Walpole, Hugh. Joseph Conrad. London: Nisbet; New York: Henry Holt, [1916]. New and revised edn. London: Nisbet, 1924; 3rd (and revised) edn. London: Nisbet, 1929.IntroductionsHuneker, James Gibbons, and Alfred A. Knopf. Joseph Conrad. [Garden Gty, New York]: Doubleday, Page, [1913]., E. F. Saxton, and Richard Curie. Joseph Conrad. …


Awareness of uncertainties is an important issue in every modeling task. In literature, extensive discussion of uncertainties regarding e.g. measurements in general, water consumption, pipe roughness coefficients, etc., can be found. Depending on the modeling aim and the desired outcome (i.e., required accurateness of the results), the question arises what is the impact of not available or poor quality structural data on model simulation results (e.g., if position and properties of pipes and other components are unknown). Therefore, a spanning tree-based algorithm to automatically assemble many possible water distribution models by using free available street network data as input is applied. The obtained uncertainty bandwidth of 180 created models with respect to the pressure head is approximately within ±20m, but can be much lower (±4m) for well performing systems. A qualitative visual comparison of the best performing created system indicates a similar and comparable pressure distribution as in the real system.


Three quarters of UK lung cancer patients do not have regular access to 'vital' clinical nurse specialists, a new report reveals.


The invention relates to a switching method of a double-die moving terminal from GSM to TD-SCDMA, and the method comprises the following steps: step S1, a moving terminal aims at a TD-SCDMA system to do timing synchronization, step S2, the moving terminal does system frame number synchronization and the up-going synchronization, step S3, the moving terminal does an activated service on the TD-SCDMA district. The invention has the advantages that the method enables the moving terminal to check another signal quality of an adjacent district of a system when a system is doing service, and in theprocess of switching, system frame number synchronization and up-going synchronization are executed at the same time, and the double-die moving terminal is enabled to finish switching among systems in regulated time.


Considerable work has been done in Europe on peat drainage and the methods applied and results obtained are worthy of consideration, especially in view of the large areas of plantation which have been established on deep peat in Ireland. [...]


This paper generalizes the method of constructing measure by repeated finite subdivision in fractal geometry to that by infinite subdivision. Two conditions for the existing method are removed. A measure on the interval [0,1] is constructed using this generalized method.


Antibodies targeting T cell receptors have shown remarkable antitumor efficacy in preclinical and clinical studies. The engagement of activating Fc receptor (FcR)-expressing immune cells was recently shown to mediate the tumoricidal efficacy of antibodies recognizing GITR and CTLA-4. Activating FcRs facilitated the selective elimination of intratumoral T cell populations. However, it remains unclear whether FcRs contribute to the antitumor efficacy of other well-known surrogate immunomodulatory antibodies. To extend this thesis, we explored the mechanism of antitumor activity mediated by an anti-OX40 antibody (clone OX86). Like GITR and CTLA-4, OX40 was highly expressed by intratumoral T cells, particularly those of the regulatory T cell lineage. OX86 administration resulted in the strong depletion of intratumoral regulatory T cells in an activating-FcR dependent manner, which also correlated with tumor regression. We propose a paradigm, whereby antibodies targeting antigens highly expressed on intratumoral T cells leads to their elimination by FcR-expressing immune cells, which promotes antitumor immunity.


Provided is a digital image processing apparatus that realizes an out-focusing effect by tilting a photographing device about a plane that is perpendicular to an optical axis of a lens. The digital image processing apparatus includes a lens and a photographing device configured to generate data about an image from light which has passed through the lens. The photographing device is configured to be tilted about a plane perpendicular to an optical axis of the lens. The photographing device is tilted about the plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens so as to control a range of a focus area formed on the photographing device.


Abstract Infections after kidney transplant in children remain a significant problem. Infections can be viral (Epstein–Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and BK virus), bacterial (urinary tract infections, wound infections, and pneumonia), or fungal (candidiasis and Pneumocystis jirovecii, formerly Pneumocystis carinii); all can have a significant negative impact on graft survival. Infections are typically defined as early (0–30 days posttransplant), intermediate (1–6 months posttransplant), or late (> 6 months posttransplant) depending on how far after transplant they occur. Here, we will review some of the common infections in children postkidney transplant.


In the present paper we study the evolution of the Pano language family vocabulary, using an exponential relaxation model with different ralaxation indexes for each word meaning compared with any random pair of languages, that is, we calculate the individual contribution of each meaning in the estimate of the separation time of the languages. We also discuss the connection of this procedure with Swadesh's glottochronological method (1950).


In general, single-phase induction motors have main and auxiliary windings on the stator which is an asymmetrical circuit for the starting torque. Due to an asymmetrical stator circuit, the torque pulsation is generated with noise and loss. The paper proposes the open-loop V/f control method for reducing the torque pulsation in a single-phase induction motor. The proposed method uses a three-leg inverter and power sharing controllers without the start capacitor. The line-to-line voltages of a three-leg inverter correspond to two winding voltages, and the active power sharing of two windings is adjusted by the voltage ratio while the reactive power sharing is adjusted by the phase angle difference. With the proposed method, average active and reactive powers on the stator windings are equal and thus the torque pulsation is reduced in a single-phase induction motor. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by simulation and experimental results.


The aim of this study the analysis of Turkic culture and their influence on personality. We also discussed the role of history in Turkic folk development. Thereby cultural and anthropological context of ancient Turkic sources reveal concept of the "person". In the article have been analyzed ethnical, cultural, ethnical philosophical content of the world conception of the ancient Turks. Keywords—turkic civilization, turkic world, personality, psychological portrait


Introduction life sciences together with advanced information technologies develop with a tremendous tempo during the last two decades. the generated knowledge for the functioning of the genomes of living organisms has grown to a degree allowing us to use them in a sustainable way. the technology development provides the researchers with a favourable environment to simultaneously study the structure and function of thousands of genes, metabolites and proteins. As a result of this technological and integrated knowledge based approach have emerged new scientific domains called in general omics science disciplines comprising genomics, metabolomics, proteomics and bioinformatics. These new scientific fields provide the opportunity to evaluate the biodiversity in order to protect it and to use it properly for the constantly growing demands of the humankind. through the rapid implementation of our knowledge we can create better plants, animals, food and pharmaceutical products while preserving the natural resources and biodiversity. All these omics research and knowledge domains are considered as the primary drivers of the unification of the biological sciences though the unification is admittedly still in its infancy. the factors driving this convergence are many, but at a practical level they include more comprehensive and better annotated and genome, proteome and metabolome data sets; seconda transition from the situation where omics technologies were used to generate data sets accompanied by limited understanding, to a situation where these omics technologies are tools for hypothesis driven research and the resulting data sets are synthesized to yield the new understandings; thirdrapid decreases in cost, combined with staggering increases to the scale and accuracy of genome analyses, especially in the areas of nucleic acid (re)-sequencing and genotyping platforms, as well as in mass-spectrometry and chromatography technologies; and fourthincreased computational capacity and new statistical approaches to manage and analyze increasingly large complex of genome data sets. Agro Bio Institute research strategy and development in 2000, plant genomics was recognized as a key priority at the millstone ec-supported Versailles conferenceAgricultural research in european Research Area. the ec has the serious concern of lagging behind in this field not only from USA, but also from china, Japan and even Brazil. in 2002 the european Research Area network (eRA net) project was launched in order to overcome the fragmentation of EU science and to avoid the duplication of research programmes in the different EU countries. Bulgaria has joined the ERA Plant Genomics (ERA PG) network in 2007. Following the EU priorities the Bulgarian government launched the programme "Genomika" in 2001 as one of the five national priority research programmes. In spite of the achieved results, there is significant delay in the development of scientific and technological capacity, for providing an intensive genome research in this country. Bulgaria lags very much behind the European countries, the USA and a number of developing ones like Brazil, india and china. Bulgaria continues to lose ground with regard to the international recognition of its research product. Neglecting key fields like genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and bioinformatics will have a long-term negative impact on the development of a number of applied science fields. These include predictive and preventive diagnostics in animal health care, the selection of new and more effective plant varieties and animal breeds, characterisation and use of genetic resources for food, pharmaceutical, industrial and environmental purposes. the strategy of Agro Bio institute to overcome these obstacles was the development of the "omics" directions of research, joining all these activities both in the institute and with the newly established Joint Genomic Centrea structure meant to close the gap between the research and the business and providing a flexible and open infrastructure for applied science, education, technology transfer, social implementation of the research achievements. taking into account the main tasks and objectives, the overall activity of the ABI and the JGC is planned to include four main specialised units which will work BIOINFORMATICS RESEARCH AND PERSPECTIVES IN AGRO BIO INSTITUTE


This briefing highlights the importance of media in the formation and transmission of gender identities. Examples are given from the press, from TV, from advertising and from the Internet to illustrate clearly and directly the presence of sexist stereotypes and their influence on the construction of our images of women and men. The briefing seeks to encourage critical thinking in analysing the power of media discourses in the construction of easily consumable symbolic universes in which the feminine and the masculine occupy very different hierarchical levels.


Injections into brow depressors cause elevation in lateral brow, becomes
option to invasive surgery San Francisco - Injecting botulinum toxin-A into brow depressors
resulted in lateral (temporal) brow elevation with minimal and temporary
adverse effects, offering an alternative to patients reluctant to undergo
facial surgery.


The article discusses the peculiarity of the grotesque world modeling referring to the literary activity of the two largest poets of the Russian foreign countries - G. Ivanov and I. Chinnov. The grotesque from an artistic device turns in their lyrics into the dominant way of poetic reflection, a reflection of reality, which entered the age of "atomic hysteria." Being united in many aesthetic views, they nevertheless reveal different positions in relation to modernity and the place of man in it. G. Ivanov notes the "disembodiment" of both the world and man. The destruction of the world harmony is fixed by his grotesque. I. Chinnov, without denying it, finds an opportunity to live in a reality which is openly hostile and too materialistic for him.


With the improvement in the accuracy of solutions and the increase in the complexity of social problems, social division becomes more important, and teamwork has become an important way to solve complex problems. The efficiency of a team is affected by many factors. How to evaluate the operation of a team is a very meaningful topic. A team consists of members. The characteristics and abilities of members determine their roles in a team, and naturally affect the efficiency of the team. The cooperation between team members is also an important factor in achieving high efficiency.


Established in the 1960s as a campus placing particular emphasis on undergraduate education, UC Santa Cruz has developed into an accomplished research university and an important member of the prestigious University of California system. While UCSC has created highly-regarded graduate programs, it has preserved its original focus on undergraduate education, which centers on the living and learning experience of its residential colleges. These function as centers for cultural and social activities, bringing students, organized in cohorts, into contact with faculty members. Narrative performance evaluations have been another characteristic of UCSC. Although both residential colleges and narrative performance evaluations have evolved over time, they remain in place and continue to be distinct features of the campus. UCSC was accredited by WASC in 1967 and had its last, very positive, review, in 1994. The current review process began when the Preparatory Review Team visited the campus and issued a report in February of 2004. The Educational Effectiveness Review took place exactly one year later, in February of 2005. A team of eight members paid a three-day visit to the campus and met with a large number of committees, groups and individuals. The meetings were very informative and lively and provided many interesting insights for the team, which greatly appreciated the campus's creativity, energy and candor. The present report constitutes a summary of the Educational Effectiveness Review Team's observations and recommendations. Proposal The team found the institutional presentation thorough and consistent with the review model. There has been extensive and admirable consultation with the administration, faculty and students. Although the Santa Cruz campus has experienced a transition in chancellor, provost, and WASC ALO, while the UC system has seen transitions in president and provost, able interim leadership, coupled with deep faculty engagement, has sustained institutional momentum and allowed the institution to respond effectively to the recommendations of the Preparatory Review: Forging a stronger connection between planning and budget The team was pleased to find that the campus had strengthened its efforts to approach planning and budget decisions within the new context of severely constrained public support, a situation likely to exist for the foreseeable future. The site visit indicated a far better understanding on the part of both faculty and administration of the importance of establishing cost containment measures while generating new sources of revenue from entrepreneurial activities. The institution seems to have the mechanisms in place to set strong objectives and reallocate …


Fiscal equivalence for efficient provision of a public good requires perfect correspondence between political and economic jurisdictions. However, the spatial extent of the economic jurisdiction is an empirical question. Drawing on four survey-based ...


The invention relates to a polypropylene combination with anti-scoring property. The polypropylene combination is characterized in that the invention consists of the following raw materials by weight part: 40 to 100 parts of polypropylene, 0.5 to 5 parts of maleic anhydride or glyceryl methacrylate copolymer or graft Alpha- olefin copolymer, 0.2 to 2 parts of aliphatics acid amide, 0 to 40 parts of mineral filler, 0 to 20 parts of toughening agent, 0.1 to 1 part of antioxidant agent, and 0.1 to 1 part of retardant agent. The polypropylene combination of the invention is provided with good aging-resistant, flame retardant and anti-scoring properties, and is used for vehicle inner decorating pieces, home appliances shells, etc.


Trifluoroacetic acid(TFA) is degradation product of some CFCs alternatives,such as HFC-134a,which has some inhibitory effects on plants and soil microbial communities.In concentrated sulfuric acid TFA may change into MTFA with dimethyl sulfate(DMS),so it is possible to obtain the mass concentration of TFA in water samples by determining the mass concentration of MTFA with headspace sampling and GC-MS,using the volatility of MTFA.The method to determine the mass concentration of TFA is built by the authors,and is used to determine TFA in some surface water samples of Beijing.Among these samples,TFA in Qingnianhu Lake and Beihai Lake is 78 and 93 ng/L respectively,while that in tap water of Peking University is under the detection limit,10 ng/L.


Several karst springs in Branna Group between Branna and Vapenna municipalities are used as important water supplies. Nevertheless, there are only few hydrogeology studies in the area. Three quantitative tracer tests were performed in karst occurrences. Velocity of flow, volume of karst conduits, Peclet numbers, recovery and other parameters were computed by means of Qtracer2 program.


The aims of this paper are 1) to quickly describe and analyze the criticims of rationalism in The Affective Sciences and above all, to formulate the hypothesis of an indirect but undeniable link with populist and neoconservative movements. 2) To clarify the status of republican rationalism. 3) To make a philosophical offer that goes beyond the emotion/reason dualism in the political field. Thus, attention will be paid to define a "reasoned feeling". Passion towards certain political ideals can, in our opinion, be coupled with the coldness of rationalism, the informed consideration of legal needs or institutional complexities.


Bransfield basin, a marginal basin off the west coast of the northern Antarctic Peninsula, lies in a unique tectonic environment with a basement of Paleozoic to Mesozoic accretionary wedge material. Although active subduction occurred during most of the past 200 m.y., it stopped or slowed dramatically at about 4 Ma when the Phoenix-Antarctic spreading center was abandoned offshore, leaving a small remnant of the former Phoenix plate incorporated in the Antarctic plate. Even though geochemical data indicate that unaltered basalt dredged from Bransfield basin is like midocean ridge basalt, there is no clear evidence for normal seafloor spreading. In November 1995, RVIB N.B. Palmer spent three weeks mapping the seafloor in Bransfield basin and searching for hydrothermal activity. The multibeam bathymetric chart of the Central Bransfield basin shows submarine volcanoes and striking, lineated seafloor features that dredging indicated were vesicular basalt. The chemistry of the rocks, combined with high heat flow and evidence for active hydrothermal circulation, strongly suggests present-day extension. At least four parallel zones of linear extrusions can be seen in the multibeam data. Whereas the bathymetry provides new insight into the mode of extension in the basin, it does not explain why or how extension is occurring. The evidence strongly supports active extension in accretionary wedge–derived continental crust that produces linear cracks that leak magma. The present extensional regime may lead to seafloor spreading, but the thickness of the crust in Bransfield basin suggests that normal seafloor spreading is yet to occur and any attempt to correlate magnetic anomalies is premature. INSIDE • Presidential Conference, p. 6 • North-Central Section Meeting, p. 20 • Cordilleran Section Meeting, p. 22 Vol. 6, No. 11 November 1996


Based on the artificial potential field theory, a hierarchical obstacle avoidance assisted driving framework is proposed in this paper, in order to solve the obstacle avoidance assisted driving problem of distributed heavy vehicles. Initially, a desired lateral position potential field (DLPPF) that reflects the driver's driving intention is applied based on the constant turn rate and velocity (CTRV) model. And a real-time obstacle avoidance path can be obtained and further updated through a comprehensive consideration of the safety of obstacle avoidance and the obstacle repulsion potential field (ORPF). In addition, a differential drive assistance steering (DDAS) on the heavy vehicle steering bridge has been adopted to realize avoiding obstacles, and additional yaw moment to the vehicle's non-steering axle has been utilized to ensure the maneuverability and stability of vehicle. Aiming to solve the lower layer control problem, a variable weight controller based on model predictive control (MPC) is designed to coordinate path tracking performance and dynamics control. Finally, through simulations and comparisons, the effectiveness of the obstacle avoidance strategy is verified.


ABSTRACT Hurricanes present unique and difficult challenges for coastal oil spill responders. Hurricane Rita made landfall on the Texas/Louisiana border in September 2005 and was the first Category 3 hurricane to strike the upper Texas coast in over 20 years. The storm surge mobilized a 54-foot diameter by 30-foot tall steel storage tank reportedly containing 100,000 gallons of marine diesel fuel and deposited the tank over 1.5 miles from its original location. It'S new location was in an estuarine marsh on Texas Point National Wildlife Refuge, part of the USFWS'S Texas Chenier Plain Refuge Complex. The construction of a temporary, flexible polyethylene pipeline over 2 miles in length was deployed to decant the remaining diesel/water mixture. A tracked marsh excavator was used to dismantle the steel tank structure, and airboats transported the entire structure, piece-by-piece to a staging area off the refuge for recycling. Finally, state and federal regulatory agencies coordinated emergency mitigation and...


Functional and structural failures in the pavement structure can be distinguished. The Road state Value measures the functional state of road pavements in managing flexible and stiff pavements for urban roadways in Indonesia. The pavement condition assessment is based on the unevenness of the pavement surface, rutting, and direct surface damage. This research aims to assess the worth of road damage on flexible and rigid pavements and establish a special relationship between Present Serviceability, International Roughness, and Pavement Condition Index. Direct observation in the field is utilized to obtain data on the different types of damage. According to the field survey data, the most common types of damage for flexible pavements were filled (56), followed by longitudinal cracks (18) for rigid pavements. PSI, IRI, and PCI models have a strong association, with the R2 value found to be acceptable. It shows a high correlation with scores above 90% for good, medium, and inferior roads. The resulting equations establish a strong link between IRI and PCI. Furthermore, the validation findings demonstrate that the model is entirely accurate.


The invention discloses a mobile communication terminal and an operating method thereof. The mobile communication terminal comprises a microprocessor, a key input unit, a display output unit and a multi-task management module. The microprocessor is used for initializing a keyboard and a display screen of the mobile communication terminal under a multi-task environment and simultaneously executing a plurality of application programs under the multi-task environment. The key input unit is used for receiving key events input by a user from the keyboard. The display output unit is used for dividing the main screen of the display screen into a plurality of display areas and displaying the execution result of each application program in the corresponding display area. The multi-task management module is used for supporting the multi-task environment, operating and executing the plurality of application programs according to the key events and controlling mutual communication among the plurality of application programs. By the mobile communication terminal and the operating method thereof, the menu items of the display screen are more compact so that the convenience for the user to operate the mobile communication terminal is increased and the click times of selecting the menu by the user is reduced.


The inception of storytelling can be found right from the existence of Homo sapiens (Humans). Humans used the method of storytelling to preserve their stories, history and cultural traditions of their ancestors primarily in an oral tradition. Historically, Storytelling have been used by the tribal communities to share language, traditions, and beliefs from one generation to another. Different societies have taught key principles through storytelling for thousands of years. (Brady, 1997; MacDonald, 1998). In many ancient cultures, without a written language storytelling was the only way to convey a society's culture, values, and history. Verbal communication is one of the fundamental forms of communication, whether humans once communicated with primitive grunts. As humans are social creatures, they use different mediums to communicate which also proves as an evidence of socialism of humans. Consequently, storytelling evolved from stone scripts to the digital and now it is further transforming to the immersive medium format. Different cultures documented their stories, history and digitized it to preserve it. Many ways of storytelling developed along with the development of human being. The technology played a vital role in establishing various new formats of storytelling. Stone scriptures, literature, narrations, audio formats, recordings, paintings, visuals and audio-visuals etc. is the normal journey of storytelling. As the visual medium emerged the core part of it became the images which further transformed into video. Aesthetics and content of the storytelling is creatively enhanced with the help of various processes. Amongst which audio-visuals are the most important. Audio visual storytelling took its shape right from the grandmother stories and immerged as the most effective medium of storytelling in the journey of all forms of storytelling. Image processing; the set of techniques used to modify a digital image in order to improve it (in terms of quality), or to reduce its size or to get information out of it. Digital image processing is a new sector of knowledge that has quickly developed due to the emergence of new information technologies. This research gives spotlight on the analysis of multidimensional role of audio-visuals in altering the complete way of contemporary storytelling. It deals with various aspects of audio-visual production process related to audio, video and images. The main purpose of the study is to discuss the future development in the audio-visual format of storytelling with respect to the technological aspect.


The purpose of the research is to analyze about lexical cohesion devices in Barrack Obama speech farewell address speech 2017 in Chicago. The function of lexical cohesion in utterances through indicator of stance. Stance is expresses someone that will be conveyed variously in relation to topic and audience The goals of this research are:1) To identify the kinds of lexical cohesion system and 2) To describe the functions of lexical cohesion system of Barrack Obama's speech in farewell address in Chicago 2017. This research used a descriptive qualitative. The result of this research by used Halliday and Hasan theory(1976). Those are lexical are Reiteration (Repetition, Synonym, Superordinate and General Word) and Collocation (Hyponymy, Antonymy, Meronymy, same referent) and the stance theories from Robert Cockcroft and Susan M.Cockcroft (1992) Then, the dominant devices of lexical are Reiteration, in particular repetition, reaches 47. Mean while, the dominant devices of lexical is collocation is superordinate, only occurs once. it's related to the stance that the highest frequently occurs to personality and stance in particular persuader and audience. It's means that the use of repetation related to purpose of speech that belongs to stance categories persuader and audience. The purpose is persuading American to continue his struggle during his reign for making American to be democracy country and against discrimination. The speaker mostly used Reiteration in particular personal repetition. Those words determine the main target of this farewell speech as a construct stance his speech.

Key words: Lexical cohesion, Speech, and Construct Stance.


The present invention provides an improved method of self-aligned etching step effector silicide blocking layer on the semiconductor device layer, the salicide layer is a silicon oxide barrier type, comprising two etching pretreatment and primary processes, pre the process comprising: forming a plasma having an isotropic etch capability; on top of the stepped region salicide blocking layer selectively etching by plasma etching with isotropic capability; a main etch process comprising: forming a plasma having an anisotropic etching capability; anisotropic etching using plasma having a capacity to top, bottom and side walls salicide blocking layer like the stepped area rate will be approximately synchronized engraved eclipse. Etching process of the present invention can effectively remove the effect of self-aligned silicide step blocking layer, self-aligned to achieve uniform coverage of the silicide blocking layer, subsequent processes to reduce the difficulty of removing the salicide blocking layer.


The authors highlight several possible ways in which the construction industry could lower present emissions of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide. It is an excellent discussion document and is recommended reading.


Students at all ages and grade levels are entitled to challenging and appropriate instruction if they are to develop their talents fully, Mr. Feldhusen points out. The gifted education movement grew out of the pioneering research of Lewis Terman and Lita Hollingworth and took flight after the launch of Sputnik in 1957. The momentum continued to build with the subsequent publication of the Marland Report in 1972, which documented neglect of the gifted in American schools.(1) With small-scale financial support from the federal government and larger support from most state governments, educational programs were developed in nearly all the states. Elementary programs favored the pull-out enrichment model, while secondary programs favored the use of special classes.(2) Supporters of the development of programs included a number of organizations: the National Association for Gifted Children, the Talented and Gifted (TAG) Division of the Council for Exceptional Children, and state associations for the gifted, as well as a host of individuals, among them James Gallagher, E. Paul Torrance, A. Harry Passow, Abraham Tannenbaum, Paul Witty, Barbara Clark, Joseph Renzulli, Irving Sato, Dorothy Sisk, Julian Stanley, and Joyce VanTassel-Baska, who led the field with their research and expertise in developing procedures for identifying and educating gifted children. The magnitude of growth in gifted education is documented in National Excellence: A Case for Developing America's Talent, a 1993 report from the U.S. Department of Education.(3) Strong attacks on the emerging field came in 1985 with the publication of two books: Keeping Track: How Schools Structure Inequality, by Jeannie Oakes, which criticized the grouping practices of American schools; and Educating the Ablest: Programs and Promising Practices, by June Cox, Neil Daniels, and Bruce Boston, which rendered a negative evaluation of the vapid pullout enrichment programs that the authors characterized as having seen their day.(4) In 1988 Paul Chapman took both the intelligence and the achievement testing movements to task for having come to dominate school practice to the advantage of the Nordic population and the disadvantage of black, Hispanic, and low-income youths.(5) Paul Kingston and Lionel Lewis in The High-Status Track, an edited volume published in 1990, presented the views of 13 scholars who indicted the secondary- and college-level institutions in the U.S. that have risen to elite status with clearly excellent academic programs but, as the authors see it, restrictive admissions policies that systematically block many minority and low-income youths from enrolling. Graduates of these elite schools move into career tracks that practically ensure the attainment of high-level professional positions, while young people who do not attend such institutions rarely attain equal professional status. "These schools," they write, "are socially elite, largely enrolling offspring of the upper-middle and upper classes. Moreover, their graduates are prepared for privilege and enjoy disproportionate access to high-status occupations."(6) In The Manufactured Crisis, their 1995 defense of American schools, David Berliner and Bruce Biddle also attacked gifted programs as elitist and biased. They wrote: Despite their seductive appeal, and despite their frequent promotion by privileged Americans, enrichment programs are not the way to improve American education. There is no evidence that they accomplish the goals claimed for them, and they tend to weaken some of the most impressive traditional strengths of America's schools.(7) Berliner and Biddle are wrong in asserting that no evidence exists that gifted programs accomplish their goals. Indeed, there is much evidence that they do. However, by focusing programs on the elite few, programs for the gifted probably do little to improve schools overall. It is clear that programs for the gifted are under severe attack. …


This paper establishes the finite element model of continuous welded rail with the minor radius curve and infers the corresponding value formula. Using this finite element model, this paper analyzes the influence of dynamic and static load on the stability of continuous welded rail with the minor radius curve, which indicates that the model can be used to simulate more accurately the actual situation of the track lateral displacement due to the ambient temperature changing and dynamic load (unbalanced centrifugal force and vertical vibration force caused by track irregularity) effect.


Excerpt Eugen Bleuler (1) took an important step away from the disease-entity model when he introduced the concept of a group of schizophrenias. He recognized the existence of a number of end state...


In this issue of Blood , Yin et al make the novel discovery that targeting the mucin 1 C-terminal subunit (MUC1-C) oncoprotein reverses resistance to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in multiple myeloma cells by triggering depletion of glutathione (GSH) pools and induction of oxidative injury. They also report that these events proceed through a process involving downregulation of the p53-inducible regulator of glycolysis and apoptosis (TIGAR). Specifically, the authors show that MM cells resistant to bortezomib display compensatory upregulation of TIGAR and GSH and that these responses are blocked by a pharmacologic inhibitor of MUC1-C (GO-203), resulting in a marked synergistic increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death. One of the more interesting features of this study is that it touches on multiple concepts, including drug resistance, oncogene addiction, oncogenic stress, and inhibition of stress-related pathways in a manner that has very clear translational implications. 1


Calibration and monitoring is a prerequisite for obtaining high quality data from SCIAMACHY on ENVISAT. The optical performance of SCIAMACHY is monitored via a Quartz Tungsten Halogen lamp. We report on the long-term performance of this device.


Boltzmann gas kinetic theory, BGK was used to numerically simulate pressuredriven gas flow in 2D microchannels at various Kn numbers. The BGK scheme was extended to simulate the microflows, which have constant densities but comparatively large Kn numbers. Compared with other numerical methods, such as NS equations with slipboundary modification and direct simulation of Monte Carlo (DSMC) method, the BGK scheme was found to be more efficient while still being accurate. Therefore, combining former research the BGK scheme can be considered to efficiently and accurately solve flow problems with comparatively large Kn numbers (0.1Kn1.0).


The Tavis-Cummings model1 is one of the few exactly solvable quantum models in nonlinear optics: it consists of N > 1 2-level atoms interacting with a single mode of the quantised radiation field. The N atoms occupy a single site as in the Dicke model2; but there is no coupling to other modes of the field and no conventional radiation damping. Since the single mode is quantised in a cavity of finite volume this can be thought of as a physical cavity of infinite Q.


In the world of targeted learning, cross-validated targeted maximum likelihood estimators, CV-TMLE [Zheng:2010aa], has a distinct advantage over TMLE [Laan:2006aa] in that one less condition is required of CV-TMLE in order to achieve asymptotic efficiency in the nonparametric or semiparametric settings. CV-TMLE as originally formulated, consists of averaging usually 10 (for 10-fold cross-validation) parameter estimates, each of which is performed on a validation set separate from where the initial fit was trained. The targeting step is usually performed as a pooled regression over all validation folds but in each fold, we separately evaluate any means as well as the parameter estimate. One nice thing about CV-TMLE, is that we average 10 plug-in estimates so the plug-in quality of preserving the natural parameter bounds is respected. Our adjustment of this procedure also preserves the plug-in characteristic as well as avoids the donsker condtion. The advantage of our procedure is the implementation of the targeting is identical to that of a regular TMLE, once all the validation set initial predictions have been formed. In short, we stack the validation set predictions and pretend as if we have a regular TMLE, which is not necessarily quite a plug-in estimator on each fold but overall will perform asymptotically the same and might have some slight advantage, a subject for future research. In the case of average treatment effect, treatment specific mean and mean outcome under a stochastic intervention, the procedure overlaps exactly with the originally formulated CV-TMLE with a pooled regression for the targeting.


To solve the problems such as incomplete process,the uncomprehensive index system,and obsolete tools in traditional hydropower energy efficiency evaluation,this paper proposes a solution to form a "closedloop process to assess" through adding a feedback loop of energy conservation in the evaluation process.To reflect the level of energy efficiency in all aspects of hydropower plants,we establish two energy efficiency evaluation systems for water energy and production.The paper also proposes a "one platform and three library" mode for hydropower plants energy efficiency evaluation,which can enable the energy efficiency evaluation system to have a portable,scalable,modular,and other advantages,and takes Liujiaxia hydropower plant as an application example.The application results show the operability and progressiveness of proposed theory,methods and tools.The work presented in this paper can provide strong support for the hydropower plants energy conservation work.


Corrective action for voltage stability is one of the issues which the electrical utilities care most about. This paper deals with the development of optimization model that is capable of performing corrective control action. Though the preventive control approach is preferred for the secure operation of the system, corrective control can also be carried out as it is considered economical. Corrective control actions would maintain voltage stability of the system in case of severe and unforeseen contingencies. Under the corrective control strategy, control actions are not taken until the contingency actually occurs. But a contingency plan is prepared in advance for the identified severe cases. Corrective control is activated when a contingency has occurred endangering voltage stability. The objective of this paper is to achieve maximum voltage stability margin in the contingency state while satisfying system and equipment constraints. Also the generator ramp rate constraints are taken into account for the system's corrective control capabilities after the outage has occurred. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied to solve this optimization problem. The effectiveness of this algorithm is demonstrated through the Voltage Security Enhancement in the IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 57-bus test systems.


Algebra. Chih-Hah Sah. Academic Press, New York, 1966. 358 pp. Illus. $9.75. Academic Press Textbooks in Mathematics Series. Advances in Alicyclic Chemistry. vol. 1. Harold Hart and G. J. Karabastsos, Eds. Academic Press, New York, 1966. 405 pp. Illus. $16.50. Five papers. Advances in Applied Microbiology. vol. 8. Wayne W. Umbreit, Ed. Academic Press, New York, 1966. 395 pp. Illus. $14. Ten papers. Advances in Atomic and Molecular Physics. vol. 2. D. R. Bates and Immanuel Estermann, Eds. Academic Press, New York, 1966. 496 pp. Illus. $16.50. Seven papers. Advances in Chemical Engineering. vol. 6. Thomas B. Drew, John W. Hoopes, Jr., Theodore Vermeulen, and Giles R. Cokelet, Eds. Academic Press, New York, 1966. 469 pp. Illus. $17.50. Five papers. Advances in Communication Systems: Theory and Applications. vol. 2. A. V. Balakrishnan, Ed. Academic Press, New York, 1966. 342 pp. Illus. $13.50. Seven papers. Advances in Computers. vol. 7. Franz L. Alt and Morris Rubinoff, Eds. Academic Press, New York, 1966. 319 pp. Illus. $14. Six papers. Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry. vol. 9. H. J. Emeleus and A. G. Sharpe, Eds. Academic Press, New York, 1966. 400 pp. Illus. $15.50. Six papers. Advances in Oral Biology. vol. 2. Peter H. Staple, Ed. Academic Press, New York, 1966. 237 pp. Illus. $12. Six papers. Alchemy, Medicine, Religion in the China of A.D. 320: The Nei P'ien of Ko Hung (Pao-p'u tzu). Translated from the Chinese by James R. Ware. M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1966. 404 pp. $15. Algebraic Linguistics: Analytical Models. Solomon Marcus. Academic Press, New York, 1967. 266 pp. Illus. $12. Applied Ore Microscopy: Theory and Technique. Hugo Freund, Ed. Translated from the German by Carlo G. I. Friedlaender and George Aletan, Macmillan, New York, 1966. 648 pp. Illus. $37.50. Eight papers extracted from Handbuch der Mikroskopie in der lechnik (1954 and 1960). Archeological Chemistry. A symposium (Atlantic City, N.J.), September 1962. Sponsored by the Division of History of Chemistry, American Chemical Society. (Continued on page 1328)


Cryogenic temperature sensors utilized in space environments are exposed to ionizing radiation with the total dose dependent upon the length of the mission. Based upon their minimal size and robust packaging, four models of cryogenic Resistance Thermometer Devices (RTDs) manufactured by Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc. were tested to determine their reliability for space applications with regard to radiation. Samples of Cernox™ RTDs (CX‐1050‐SD), ruthenium oxide RTDs (models RX‐102A‐AA and RX‐103A‐AA), and silicon diode thermometers (model DT‐670‐SD) were irradiated at room temperature by a cesium‐137 gamma source to total doses ranging from 5 Gy to 10 kGy. This paper presents the resulting temperature shifts induced by the gamma radiation as a function of total dose over the 1.4 K to 325 K temperature range. These data show that 1) Cernox™ RTDs exhibit high radiation hardness to 10 kGy from 1.4 K to 325 K, 2) ruthenium oxide RTDs show moderate radiation hardness to 10 kGy below 10 K, and 3) silicon diodes te...


A field experiment was carried out at four location-years in Southwestern Quebec, Canada in 1990 and 1991, to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) application on protein, lipid, non-structural carbohydrate (NSC), and remaining grain components concentrations of maize (Zea mays L.) grain during kernel development. Three N fertilizers (ammonium nitrate, urea, and calcium ammonium nitrate) were compared for plants receiving pre-plant incorporated N fertilizer at 180 kg ha-1 as well as a control which received no N fertilizer. The results indicated that between 20 and 30 days after pollination (DAP) protein concentration of maize kernels declined sharply, thereafter only slightly, irrespective of the treatment. At most stages and in all four location-years protein concentration was raised significantly by N-application without clear difference between N-fertilizer sources. At 20 DAP seeds of N-fertilized plants contain 25.5 mg g-1 more than those without N-application (control); later on, this difference was lower (12.8 mg g-1) but remained constant over time if averaged over N-sources and location-years. At most growth stages and in most location-years the lipid concentration did not respond to N fertilizer application. Lipid concentration followed an "N" shaped curve over the course of grain development. Non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) concentration increased significantly during grain filling and showed little effect due to N application. However, at most growth stages in the four location-years, the concentration of remaining grain components tended to decline with N application. A significant negative correlation existed between the changes in protein concentration and NSC concentration during kernel development.


The molecular structures of "isobishydropulegone" and "Harries–Roeder ketol," isomers of "bishydropulegone," which are dimeric reduction products of pulegone, were determined as being (1S, 3′aR, 4R, 6′R, 7′aS)-7′a-hydroxy-2′,2′,3′,3′,4,6′-hexamethylspiro[cyclohexane-1,1′-octahydroinden]-2-one and (1R, 3′aS, 4R, 6′R, 7′aS)-7′a-hydroxy-2′,2′,3′,3′,4,6′-hexamethylspiro[cyclohexane-1,1′-octahydroinden]-2-one respectively by the analysis of the two-dimentional NMR spectra.


Lagrange-type variable fractional-delay (VFD) digital filters can be directly implemented as the well-known Farrow structure, but the fixed-coefficient filters (subfilters) are not symmetric or anti-symmetric. This paper presents a transformation matrix for transforming an even-order Lagrange-type VFD filter into a new one whose all the subfilters have either symmetric or anti-symmetric coefficients. As a result, the number of multipliers can be reduced by almost 50%, which not only speeds up the VFD filtering process, but also saves the storage cost for the subfilter coefficients.


The evolution of the electrical activation with the annealing time in B+ implanted (5.0×1014 cm−2, 50 keV) Si was studied as a function of the annealing temperature. Electrical activation yields of 15%–30% were observed after annealing for 2 s at temperatures above 550 °C. Prolonging the annealing time from 2 to 900 s we observed that the electrical activation evolves differently according to the temperature: (i) at 550 °C<T<700 °C it decreases toward an equilibrium level, (ii) at 700 °C<T<800 °C it decreases during the first minutes and subsequently increases again, and (iii) at temperatures <550 °C or T≳800 °C it increases continuously. In order to explain the carrier removal observed during annealing at 550–800 °C we proposed that metastable acceptor centers are formed during the B+ implantation and/or the initial period of the annealing time. Interaction of Si self‐interstitial atoms with these centers leads to their neutralization and/or dissociation with consequent decreasing of the carrier concentr...


The Experience and Impication of HongKong Sextual Education As an inevitable education task, sextual education for the youth have been successfully conducted in developed countries and areas. This article focuses its attention on illustrating HongKong's experience of sextual education in terms of 4 aspects: sex physiology, sex psychology, sex morali- ty,and the truth of sex. After analyzing the main problems in Chinese sextual education, some suggestions are presented for China to strengthen sextual education for the youth.


The invention discloses a method and device for achieving communications of a hardware platform and a software platform. The method includes the steps that a function library supported by a second operating system is saved to a memory space corresponding to an assigned memory address based on the software platform of a first operating system, the first operating system is used for providing a simulated hardware platform for a debugging platform of an application program developed based on the second operating system, then, functions meeting a set condition in the function library are identified as interface functions for calling the application program by the software platform, and according to the communication mode supported by the application program, a simulated communication interface of the software platform and the hardware platform is determined. According to the technical scheme, the established debugging platform can provide the simulated hardware platform, the influence of an actual hardware platform on application program debugging is avoided, and therefore the efficiency for debugging the application program is improved.


The Intensive Care Unit is a specialized unitwhich provides care to critically ill patients. The stay may have both short and long term effects on recovery of patients. Nurses are at right position to provide appropriate interventions for the overall recovery of ICU patients.The aim of this study was to assess impact of transitional care strategies on physical and psychological parameters of patients admitted to ICU. A quasiexperimental non-equivalent group post-test only designwas adopted in this study. Data was collected from 80 admitted ICUpatients who were selected byconsecutive sampling technique. MICU admitted patients were taken as control group for whom hospital routine were followed and patients admitted in the IRCU were taken as study group on whom Transitional Care Strategies (TCS) was implemented along with hospital routine.After 24 hours of shifting from the ward data collection was done from study and control groups.There was statistically significant impact of Transitional Care Strategies on physical and psychological parameters were found between study and control groups (p< 0.001).The study concluded thatthere is necessity of Transitional Care Strategies in the ICU.Every hospital must follow such strategies to prepare patients for sound recovery and improve outcome.


In long period ordered alloys some partial dislocations exist, leaving behind only a stackiny fault without destroying the chemical order. Providing that the pure stacking fault energg is low enough, those dislocations control plastic deformation, as it is shown in the Ag3Mg case. Some physical consequences are drawn from that model.


In large organisations project management methods have been successfully implemented for IT projects. Small software teams have found these methods unwieldy for their situation however, and have thus developed agile software development methods. This paper presents the preliminary research findings of a study that involved an investigation of agile and traditional project management techniques adapted to an SME (Small and Mediumsized Enterprise) environment. The research was undertaken using a qualitative approach, implementing an action research methodology, over a ten-month period in an SME environment in Vienna, Austria. A framework was developed for the implementation of IT projects, using concepts derived from agile software development combined with traditional project management. This framework was then iteratively tested and refined over the course of the research. The research was designed specifically for IT projects in an SME environment, and was tested in a media and publishing industry setting. The results of this research provide a valuable tool for project managers who are operating in a fast-moving or rapidly changing environment.