In this paper we present a method to construct a simple, sturdy and inexpensive photogate to be used in elementary physics laboratories. The great advantage of the proposed design is that it has no transmitter-receiver alignment related problem at all and the receiver is nicely encapsulated which prevents any spurious light triggering the photogate electrical circuit. The design can be easily modified to build larger photogates than those currently on the market.


Aim To investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract(EGB)on tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)in TNBS-induced colitis in rats and its mechanisms.Methods Colitis in rats was induced by colonic administration with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS).Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups,10 in each:normal group,model group,5-aminosalicylic acid(5-ASA group)and Ginkgo biloba extract group(EGB group).The levels of nitric oxide(NO),and glutathion peroxide(GSH-Px)were measured by biochemical methods.The expressions of TNF-α and nuclear factor kappaBp65(NF-κBp65)in the colon tissues of colitis rats were detected by means of immunohistochemistry.The expressions of induce nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)in the colon tissues of colitis rats were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The effects of EGB on colonic inflammation and macroscopic and histological damage were evaluated as well.Results Compared with the model group,treatment with EGB for 4 weeks significantly reduced colon macroscopic and histological damage,elevated the activities of GSH-Px and reduced the contents of NO,inhibited the protein expressions of TNF-α andNF-κBp65,and decreased the mRNA levels of iNOS in the colon tissues of experimental colitis.Conclusions The probable mechanisms of EGB was that it ameliorated inflammatory injury in TNBS-induced colitis in rats by its reduction of TNF-α,NF-κBp65 and iNOS levels.Then EGB could curb the inflammatory cascade effects of inflammatory mediators to protect ulcerative colitis.


The mode expansion theory, which was derived in a previous paper, is applied to the calculation of thermodynamic properties of an ionic solution. The specific system investigated is the 1–1 restricted primitive model aqueous electrolyte. In this model, the effective interactions (potentials of mean force at infinite dilution) between ions are a sum of pair potentials, and the pair potentials are hard‐core repulsions (all with diameter 4.6 A) plus a positive or negative Coulomb potential reduced by the dielectric constant of water. For this system, the mode expansion converges rapidly. At salt concentrations between 0.05 and 1.0M, only the first three terms in the expansion are needed to obtain osmotic coefficients and activity coefficients which agree very well with the accurate results obtained by integral equation methods. Due to the computational simplicity of the mode expansion, it is argued that the theory provides a convenient method for studying more realistic models for electrolytes.


QuikScat winds are validated against observations from Weather Station M, platforms and buoys on the Norwegian shelf and against synoptic stations on Hopen and Bjornoya. The QuikScat winds compare very well to offshore observations with correlations of 0.89-0.93. Significantly poorer correlation with the two land based stations can be explained by topographic effects, distance between the compared locations and possible ice contaminations during some periods. The high quality of scatterometer winds and the spatial coverage makes these data very well suited for validation of e.g. surface wind from atmosphere models.


Plasma etching is commonly employed in the chemical etching process of wafer fabrication because of its low cost and good control of etching profile and uniformity. In the plamas etching process, particle per wafer pass (PWP) test will be carried out periodically to reduce chamber contamination. When the number of particles exceeds a predefined threshold, the chamber must be wet-cleaned. Unfortunately, in actual manufacturing, the gaseous recipes used during etching vary with the etched materials, producing unexpected by-products, and render the particle count from PWP highly stochastic. Consequently, the high particle counts could exceed the threshold before the scheduled wet-clean maintenance, resulting in an unexpected high-yield loss. In this paper, we analyze the daily PWP results from an inductively coupled plasma etching (ICP) chamber. The behavior of the particle counts is modeled as a stochastic function of the accumulated gaseous flowing though the chamber. The particle count is found to follow a negative binomial (NB) distribution. The parameters of the NB distribution are determined from the industrial data, and with these parameters, we determine the optimal schedule for the wet-clean process with significant reduction in the failure occurrence.


We adopt a nonlinear two-mode model to investigate the Rosen-Zener-St\"uckelberg (RZS) interferometry of an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in double-well potential with a periodically modulating barrier. For symmetric potential, we analyze the properties of interference patterns and derive the interference conditions. For asymmetric potential, we explore the resonance structures caused by destructive interference at the weakly coupling limit and obtain the resonance conditions. In particular, we find that the chaotic motions in the asymmetric case with low-frequency modulation, can destroy the formation of interference fringes. In the symmetric case with high-frequency modulation, we see Fano-line-like resonance structures and find that the reso- nance positions exactly correspond to the boundary of macroscopic quantum self-trapping. We show that the nonlinearity can significantly alter both the shape and position of interference fringes and resonance structures. We discuss the experimental feasibility by comparing the solution of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with both the solution of the two-mode model and the truncated Wigner simulation as well. The results suggest important applications of nonlinear RZS interferometry both in precisely controlling the dynamics and in accurately measuring the parameters of interacting many-body systems.


The hip joints of all dogs are normal at birth [6–9]. They continue to develop normally as long as full congruity is maintained between the acetabular and femoral heads [12]. If the joint components are pulled apart, development follows an abnormal course that correlates with the degree of incongruity [9].


The combination of progressive income tax structures and inflation has led to significant increases in state income tax revenues. While the federal government has de facto indexed the federal personal income tax, states have generated large relative and absolute increases in their income tax revenues. This paper shows that the ratio of income tax revenues to personal income has grown significantly more in states with progressive income tax structures than those with proportional tax structures. Almost half of such increases may be attributed to inflation. The increase in the relative share of income tax as a source of state revenues has recently run into resistance in some states which have installed income tax indexation measures. This may suggest that the marginal cost of raising revenue through inflation, relative to other means (taxes), is reaching its limits.


Wu Cheng-en is active as a literary in the middle of Ming Dynasty.And he is in close association with Xu Zheng-xing, in literatace he finds his own way from the vintage, and makes his fresh and unique style. In this present paper, we are aiming to explore his supernatural evil-spirit novers theory in " Wu Cheng-en's poems from the manicscript", finding the evidence of cheating the evit-spirt novels in "Yu Ding Zhi", evaluating his historical values and influences objectivaly in the history of literatace, responding to the reguest for "journey to the west", and finally affirming his rights for the great work.


OBJECTIVE To study the improvement in the dissolution properties of glibenclamide by micronization and complexation with β-cyclodextrin.METHODS Micronized glibenclamide was made by using ball mill.The inclusion complex was made by grinding method.The properties of inclusion complex was investigated by using DSC and X-ray diffraction.The dissolution rates and stabilities of micronized glibenclamide and inclusion complex were investigated.RESULTS Micronized glibenclamide had the greatest dissolution rate,followed by inclusion complex and material drug.DSC and XRD confirmed the formation of inclusion complex.Both micronized glibenclamide and inclusion complex were fairly stable.CONCLUSIONS The dissolution properties of glibenclamide was improved remarkably by micronization and complexation with β-cyclodextrin.


Due to the sensitivity of kiwifruit to soil water and nutrient availability, kiwi production is often associated with over-watering and over-fertilization, especially with nitrogen (N), resulting in increased environmental risks. Crop models are powerful tools for simulating crop production and environmental impact of given management practices. In this study, the CropSyst model was applied to estimate soil N budget and environmental effects of kiwi production, with particular regard to N losses, in two grower-managed kiwi orchards in northern Greece, involving two seasons and different management practices. Management options included N fertilization and irrigation. Model estimates were compared with yield and soil mineral N content (0–90 cm depths) measured three times within the growing season. Agri-environmental indicators were calculated based on the N budget simulation results to assess the environmental consequences (focusing on N losses and water use efficiency) of the different management practices in kiwi production. According to model simulation results, kiwifruit yield and N uptake were similar in both orchards. N losses to the environment, however, were estimated on average to be 10.3% higher in the orchard with the higher inputs of irrigation water and N fertilizer. The orchard with the lower inputs showed better water and N use efficiency. N leaching losses were estimated to be higher than 70% of total available soil N in both study sites, indicating potential impact on groundwater quality. These findings demonstrate the necessity for improved irrigation and N fertilization management in kiwi production in the area.


Optical amplification of a signal or an image is always accompanied by amplification of quantum noise with a mean rate corresponding to, in the limit of high gain, the input noise of one photon per spatio-temporal mode. We show that an image of dye fluorescence can be retrieved with good contrast after parametric amplification, even if the level of the input image corresponds to significantly less than one photon per mode. Theoretical limits are assessed.


The aim of this paper is to analyse effects of power supply interruption on dynamics of induction motors connected to a synchronous generator in an autonomous operation. A complex mathematical model has been developed, whose components are: a diesel engine, a synchronous generator, a mechanical connection, and two unregulated induction motors which are fed directly from the synchronous generator terminals.


In oder to increase the efficiency of Agrobacterium tumefaciens -mediated genetic transformation of peanut,this experiment studied the influence of negative pressure-assisted and sonication-assisted transformation,evaluated the influence of different intensities of negative pressure and the time of sonication on shoots induction. Experiment results showed that the low intensity of negative pressure(30 movements) and short time of sonication(2 minutes) accelerated genetic transformation of peanut,which helped to improve the percentage of buds induction,although prolong the time of shoots regeneration.


The state-dependent point-to-point Gaussian channel with a helper is first studied, in which a transmitter communicates with a receiver via a state-corrupted channel. The state is not known to the transmitter nor to the receiver, but known to a helper noncausally, which then wishes to assist the receiver to cancel the state. Differently from the previous work that characterized the capacity only in the infinite state power regime, this paper explores the general case with arbitrary state power. A lower bound on the capacity is derived based on an achievable scheme that integrates direct state subtraction and single-bin dirty paper coding. By analyzing this lower bound and further comparing it with the existing upper bounds, the capacity of the channel is characterized for a wide range of channel parameters. Such an idea of characterizing the capacity is further extended to study the two-user state-dependent multiple access channel with a helper. By comparing the derived inner and outer bounds, the channel parameters are partitioned into appropriate cases, and for each case, either segments on the capacity region boundary or the full capacity region are characterized.


Camera self-calibration and 3D reconstruction plays an important role in robot vision system. In single-view vision system, the number of independent parameter to be estimated is equal to 11. Every 2D point can provide 2 DOF. This means that it is theoretically possible for a single-view vision to self-calibrate and 3D reconstruction by using at least 6 points. But, how to realize it is still an open problem. This is just the problem to be answered in this paper. By means of projecting the digital 3D shape matrix of the target in the single-view to the null space of its 3D model shape matrix, a new algorithm to linearly and exactly self-calibrate the camera and reconstruct the 3D pose of the target from its at least six un-calibrated feature points and its model shape is developed. The computation in the suggested algorithm applies null subspace projection and some of QR decompositions. Although the algorithm needs only 6 points, more points are encouraged to enhance the estimation precision and robustness of the algorithm. 18 points is more supported as optimal selection. The theoretical analysis and the experiments have demonstrated that the suggested algorithm is fast, exact, efficient and rather robust against noise


The international community decided that the global temperature cannot rise more than 2° C comparing with the level before the period of industrialisation that the climate changes do not reach a dangerous level. Therefore, EU endeavours to induce the member countries to reduce the emissions. In turn, each of the countries in various areas of functioning of their economies and households seeks reduction of harmful emissions having influence on increase of the temperature in the local scale. In this article there is taken an attempt to present the problem based on the example of the Czech-Polish border and especially on the terrain of Cieszyn city.


Virtual Reality has been already widely used in various simulating and training systems. This paper concentrate on a distributed virtual reality flight training system. The first key technique we researched is to construct an architecture of the DVRFTS. This architecture includes: high speed network, distributed obiect-relational database. platforms of simulation graphics. and some input/output devices. The second kev technique is our proposal of a distributed object-relational database which integrates the extented relational databases (NF2) and object-oriented databases techniques. The third key technique is our adaption of UDP of TCP/IP as network protocol. This protocol can obviously reduce the dalay of information transport The fourth key technique is our proposal of a synchronization model ITSPNs (Inhibit Time Stream Petri Nets) which takes into consideration the distributed VR environment.


Schiller is a famous aesthete of German Romantic Factions. His theory of what was named "Humanity Division" has a direct influence in his theory system. He held the view that the modern industrial society brought up the phenomenon of "Humanity Division", which is similar to the doctrine of Frankfurt Factions. Schiller wanted to solve this phenomenon by aesthetic education, but his idea is only the idealized revolution in the ideological territory.


Merck & Co. has formed a partnership with Samsung Bioepis, a joint venture between Samsung Biologics and Biogen Idec, to develop and market multiple biosimilar candidates. Samsung Bioepis will assume responsibility for the development, manufacturing and registration of the biosimilars, while Merck will be responsible for commercialisation activities. The deal represents a change in strategy for Merck, which has faced a number of setbacks in the development of biosimilars in recent years and which integrated Merck BioVentures, its independent biosimilars unit, into the biologics and vaccines division of Merck Research Laboratories in 2012.


SAFETY OF RADIOFREQUENCY VOLUMETRIC TISSUE REDUCTION IN SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHING To the Editor: In their article "Complications of Radiofrequency Ablation in the Treatment of Sleep-Disordered Breathing," Pazos and Mair (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2001;125:462-7) presented a study concerning the safety of radiofrequency volumetric tissue reduction (RFVTR) in sleep-disordered breathing. In a retrospective study they evaluated 26 soft palate and 25 tongue base procedures. At the soft palate, 650 J was applied in the midline and 2 X 300 J in the lateral part. At the tongue base, 700 J was applied at 2 application sites; postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis was administered as well as oral corticosteroids over a period of 5 days. Pazos and Mair reported a complication rate of 41%. Of their 26 soft palate procedures, they experienced mucosal breakdown in 11 cases and a loss of uvula in 2 patients. Concerning the tongue base procedure, they reported 4 major complications, including 2 tongue base abscesses. They provided a strategy to avoid the reported complications. In their conclusions, the authors stated that their publication was the first report to focus on the complications of radiofrequency energy. We believe that the complication rate of this procedure is grossly overestimated, and we strongly disagree with the conclusions of the authors. In July 2001, we published a prospective study focusing on morbidity and complications of tongue base reduction with RFVTR based on 100 tongue base procedures.' The abstract of this paper is available on MEDLINE. We reported a complication rate of 8%, including 1 tongue base abscess. Furthermore, we could demonstrate that postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis can reduce the complication rate to 4.4% (n = 68). Since 1998, we have performed 425 tongue base reductions with RFVTR and, apart from this first tongue base abscess, we never again experienced this complication. Approximately half of the procedures were performed as combined procedures with septoplasty, hyoid suspension, tonsillectomy, or uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Even in combination with other procedures, postoperative airway compromise due to tissue edema has not been a problem up to now; therefore, we do not administer postoperative corticosteroids. The 5 days of oral corticosteroids may be responsible for the higher incidence of tongue base abscesses in the report of Pazos and Mair. We do not agree with the authors' suggestion of the routine use of postoperative steroids. Concerning the soft palate procedures, our research group has a report in Somnology? In this report, we demonstrated the results of another prospective study that evaluated the morbidity and complications of 52 combined RFVTRs of the tongue base and the soft palate. In both of our studies, 4 X 700 J was administered at the base of the tongue per treatment session. The soft palate was treated with 600 J in the midline and 2 X 450 J in the lateral portions. We did not have any patients with tongue base abscess, uvula loss, or mucosal breakdown of the soft palate. The overall complication rate in this series was 0%. We have been performing radiofrequency surgery of the soft palate since 1998 and are able to review 145 soft palate procedures. We have never had a case of uvula loss. Reports of Boudewyns and Van De Heyning,' Hukins et al," and Coleman and Smith" concerning soft palate somnoplasty also give valuable information about postoperative complications (complication rates of 7.6% to 21%). Unfortunately, Pazos and Mair cited only the latter report. Powell et al6 assessed and presented postoperative complications in their pilot study about tongue base reduction with RFVTR in 1999. Taking all of this into account, the authors' final assessment that they present the "first paper focusing on complications of radiofrequency energy" is questionable. The rate of postoperative complications seems to be grossly overestimated compared with the results of our prospective studies. Therefore, we see no reason to reassess our conclusion that RFVTR of both the tongue base and the soft palate is a very safe procedure.


The Multi-Tiered System of Support Problem-Solving Team (MTSS-PST) organizes the review of student learning data to identify problems, apply solutions, and evaluate progress towards grade level learning outcomes (Cook, Burns, Browning-Wright, & Gresham, 2010; Eagle et al., 2015; Gamm et al., 2012; Tilly, 2008). Outside of the MTSS framework, the PST is recognized as a best practice approach to identifying and implementing academic and social emotional interventions to improve learning outcomes (Algozzine et al., 2014; Burns & Symington, 2002; Doll et al., 2005; Shinn, 2005). Contemporary policy implementation research frames MTSS-PST as complex educational policy whose implementation is contingent upon, and situated by, interactions between the people implementing it, the policy itself, and the place where implementation occurs (Honig, 2006). There is little research, however, on MTSS-PST implementation. This study was designed to add to scholarly understanding of the MTSS-PST implementation process by examining how and why school building-level administrators were thinking about and planning for it. Analysis of the data revealed the following: (a) MTSS-PST implementation is understood by building-level administrators as an essential component in fulfilling the school district's K-12 directive to reduce special education referrals with a Multi-Tiered System of Support framework; (b) Building-level administrative thinking and planning for MTSS-PST implementation is focused on reorganizing and improving how the school's support team sorts students for support services; (c) Building administrator's implementation decision-making is influenced by the simultaneous feeling of relief and burden brought on by the early success of implementation and the significant challenges it faces due to limited planning and resources. Analysis also showed that implementation is rooted in a transactional approach to change focused entirely on meeting districtwide objectives to increase the efficiency and efficacy of the school's teaching and learning services with no reference to the transformative potential cited in the research literature. Lastly, analysis of the findings revealed that more than 70 different interactions that occurred between people, policy, and place shaped the MTSS-PST implementation process demonstrating that implementation of this policy is both situated and contextual.


The invention provides an electronic device and a pop-up method of a pallet of a compact disc drive. The electronic device includes a compact disc drive, a compact disc drive power supply switch, and an embedded controller. The pop-out method of the pallet of the compact disc drive includes: firstly, when a pop-up key of the compact disc drive is pressed, the compact disc drive triggers the embedded controller to turn on the compact disc drive power supply switch in order to turn on the compact disc drive; and then when the pop-up key is pressed again, a pop-up signal can be generated to pop up the pallet of the compact disc drive, or the embedded controller emits a second pressing signal of an analog pop-up signal to the compact disc drive so that the pallet of the compact disc drive is popped up.


Chronic low back pain (CLBP) can be considered an intricate disorder, in that it leads to physical and psychosocial disabilities. High costs and lack of healthcare resources can exacerbate the problems caused by CLBP in correctional facility inmates. Worldwide treatment methods for CLBP have been very eclectic, with different clinical practice guidelines implemented by different healthcare professionals. There is no gold standard of care for CLBP. Costly medical diagnostics provide little information to guide appropriate treatment. Low cost treatment measures for inmates with CLBP may utilize self-management strategies to inhibit exacerbation flare-ups and provide stabilization. Core strengthening stabilization exercises which allow strength training have been demonstrated as valid treatment for CLBP and may improve performance and management of pain. A common treatment for CLBP is the use of pain medications, primarily opioids, which can be abused and present health risks. As a primary indicator of pain relief, this study tracked the daily prescribed dosage of opioid pain relief medications of 51 inmates in a Lahore correctional facility throughout the 60-day intervention period during which the inmates performed stabilization exercises in conjunction with reducing their opioid use. Using a Quasi-experimental design, two tailed t -test, results indicated that core strengthening stabilization exercises have a significant clinical impact on the need for opioid pain relief medications in CLBP patients. The goal of treatment for inmates with CLBP is to prevent physical and psychological disability, enhance mobility, relieve pain, and improve quality of life.


Objective To explore the diagnostic value of electroencephalogram(EEG) and MR diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) on Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD).Methods The clinical data of 3 CJD patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results Three patients were subacute onset and the symptomas included disturbance of intelligence,consciousness,pyramidal damage and cerebellar damage.CSF routine and biochemical of 3 patients with lumbar puncture check were normal.Early brain CT or MRI showed abnormal in 1 case respectively.EEG of 3 patients(1 patient onset of 7 d,the third times) all showed the typical periodic three-phase waves or periodic waves.Brain MR DWI examination showed the high signal in cerebral cortex or corona radiata,centrum semiovale,basal ganglion,thalamus in the early stage.One patient was diagnosis with right frontal temporal brain tissue biopsy.After the onset of 1-3 months,3 patients died.Conclusion EEG and MR DWI play an important role in diagnosis of CJD.Especially MR DWI has a higher diagnostic value in early CJD patients.


This study was conducted to support the ongoing policy dialogue in Bangladesh on strategies to support the formalization of the informal economy. While informal economy issues affect entrepreneurs and workers alike, this study focuses on the enterprise side of informality. It is part of a series of four country studies commissioned by the ILO to research the impact of labour laws and the cost of regularization on entrepreneurs' decisions to formalize their business. The countries covered by this research are India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. In Bangladesh, the study has focused on the following sectors: agro processing, leather goods, light engineering, and textile/garments.


The paper 'Employment and poverty in rural India: Which way to go now?' explores the cause and challenges of poverty, amongst rural masses in India. It goes on to establish the relation between rural poverty and various efforts to increase employment in rural India. Though recently there has been a decline in estimates of population below the poverty line, the absolute number of rural poor is still very high with agricultural labour households facing the worst brunt of poverty. The paper assesses the contribution of farm and non-farm sector in reducing poverty across the rural population. The paper also explores the role played by the National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme (NREGP) to help the rural poor at the level at which poverty is most virulent.

The paper suggests that there is tremendous scope, at the policy and implementation level, to improve rural employment and reduce poverty in India. Since agriculture and allied activities are still the mainstay of the rural people and will continue to be so in the near future, productivity improvement in this sector must be looked at as a far more decisive instrument to reduce poverty amongst the rural poor. Efficient management of natural resources and adoption of precision farming practices can facilitate the improvement of productivity. There is also an urgent need to improve the scope of non-agricultural employment in the rural areas, improved physical infrastructure and human capital base can pave the way for success.


It is a general consensus about to improving the health of residents and reducing the excessive growth of medical costs by developing community health services.After years of development,the foreign primary medical care and health service system has basically formed a relatively complete system.Especially their family doctor system,and the first diagnosis of the family doctor system,health gatekeeper system has played a huge role in improving the health of residents,in the level of classification treatment and so on.On the basis of reviewing the characteristics and practical health gatekeeper system to the domestic and foreign,the authors expound the significance of the healthy gatekeeper system.And at the same,the authors also give some advice on how to strengthen the development of community health services so as to building health-gatekeeper system with Chinese characteristics at the China's health care reform,such as formulating the norms of the community health service,promoting the reform of the Community Health Service;strengthening the development of qualified personnel;strengthening policy support and financial assistance;strengthening community information network construction,etc.


The aim of our research was to study the ratio of bacteria, yeast and fungi in soils occupied by apple orchards of different ages in the northern part of the Central Black Earth Region and fragmentarily in the Stavropol Territory. The research was carried out in 2015-2017 in fruit growing farms in the Tambov, Lipetsk, Penza regions and the Stavropol Territory. The objects of research were soils (typical chernozem, leached, podzolized, meadow-chernozem, chernozem-meadow, chernozem-moist-meadow and gray forest soils) under industrial apple orchards. The gardens were laid out according to 5x3, 6x4 and 6x8 m schemes on stocks 62-396, 54-118 and seed. The age of the surveyed gardens is from 15 to 89 years. In the waterlogged chernozem-meadow and chernozem-moist-meadow soils, the highest number of bacteria was noted, but the lowest number of fungi. The greatest amount of yeast and mold fungi (favorable for the apple rhizosphere micro flora) is noted in gray forest soils and podzolized chernozems. In the root layers of the near-stem strips of apple orchards, there were 2.3 times less bacteria, but 3.8 times more yeast and 4.4 times more fungi than in the aisles. There are more bacteria, yeast, and fungi in the humus horizon of the near-stem strips of old apple orchards than in the soils of younger orchards. As the age of the garden increases in the ratio "bacteria: yeast: fungi", the proportion of yeast increases 2 times, and the proportion of fungi - 1.5 times. A year after stubbing the gardens in the 0-40 cm soil layer, the amount of molds becomes average between their content in the near-trunk strips and aisles. The death of trees on chestnut soil was noted where there were 5 times more bacteria, 2.5 times less yeast and 2 times less fungi.


The paper investigates the execution policy for the finance and accounting department as a basis in the implementation and acquisition management. It aims to answer the extent of policy execution for both finance and accounting in the implementation and acquisition management in fund flow arrangement, finance and accounting policy procedure, budgeting system, safeguard over assets, and contract management. Quantitative research design is employed in the study. It gathers and quantifies the data for statistical treatment on the measure of the variables. Likewise, purposive sampling is employed in the selection of the sample population in the study. It all gathers the necessary respondents under the jurisdiction of the Vice-President Comptrollership such as Planning and Budget Department, Accounting, Supplies etc. The study comprised Eighteen (18) respondents only. Results show that fund flow arrangement establishes a policy that is capable of the transaction process in handling and promptness of the policy and execution of the acquisition, show policy and procedures describes finance and accounting retention record to support the documents of the process, show budgeting system is being followed upon request of budget in advance or after fact among the respondents, show safeguard over assets have the procedures and policies that are adequate to safeguard and to protect the assets in place for the accounting and finance integrity from any waste, fraud, and abuse which is identified for the accounting and financial execution process, and show that contract management indicates the procedures and policies for acquisition implementation and execution and is being maintained for both the accounting and finance for all the acquisition in the organization.


The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for non-smallcell lung cancer (NSCLC) is increasing. Currently validated indications include advanced and locally advanced disease [1]. Classically, response evaluation relies on radiological assessment with the REsponse Criteria In Solid Tumours (RECIST) version 1.1 [2]. However, in the setting of ICI these criteria seem imperfect. Indeed, atypical response patterns have been observed that make radiological evaluation less clear than it is with chemotherapy [3]. Pseudoprogression, one of these atypical radiological responses, is defined as radiological progression in the absence of clinical deterioration. It correlates with immune cell infiltration and/or transient tumour growth before response to ICI [3]. Discontinuing ICI in this case would mean stopping an efficient therapy. Alternative or additional tools for the evaluation of response could help to effectively and more accurately evaluate the efficacy of ICI. Blood eosinophil counts are routinely available at a negligible cost. Most of the objective responses to PD-1 inhibitors occur within the first two months of PD-1 inhibitor use [4, 5]. Here, we report on blood eosinophil evolution during the first months of treatment with anti-Programmed Death (PD)-1 antibodies and on their value as early indicators of response in patients treated for advanced stage NSCLC.


Melanie Jackson and Esther Leslie discuss breast-milk as part of the Fluid Physicalities seminar series.

About Fluid Physicalities: Fluid Physicalities is a new seminar series, convened by Anthony Bale and Esther Leslie and hosted by Birkbeck College's School of Arts. Over the course of 2016 it will be a mix of lecture and panel models, with a wide range of speakers, local, national, international, and interdisciplinary. All events will showcase current research in our theme of Fluid Physicalities, developing the established and innovative work in Medical Humanities and the History of Medicine that is ongoing at Birkbeck.


There lie five paradoxes in the process of contemporary China's lawful rule, which consist of the paradox between law and legislation, that between power control and right defense, that between definite law and explanative law, between new morals and old morals, and that between the universality and specificity of law. A appropriate realization of these paradoxes will contribute to the accomplishment of the historical mission of localization in lawful rule.


The Ranunculus species are mostly known for their toxic effect due to the anemonine and protoanemonine content. This paper studies the polyphenols and the antioxidant activity of four different spontaneous species from Ranunculus genus (Ranunculaceae family) harvested from Western Romania's spontaneous flora. The polyphenols profile was established by TLC and UV-Vis spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by different in vitro methods: DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, CUPRAC and SNP. From the studied species were prepared two different extracts: hydroalcoholic extracts (HA) respectively glycerol-ethanol extracts (GE). The study indicates that the highest total flavonoid content is in R. ficaria herb HA extract (23 % mg/ml), while the total phenolic acids are the highest in R. bulbosus herb GE extract (14,88 % mg/ml). The most important antioxidant activity was observed at GE extracts obtained from herb of R. ficaria, R. sardous and R. bulbosus. With the less antioxidant effect are the R. sceleratus extracts.


Field experiment was conducted during rainy seasons of 1998 and 1999 to assess the effect of anilofos and triclopyr on weeds in transplanted rice. Anilofos alone was not much effective on sedges and Caesulia axillaris, Echinochlofl colona, sedges and C. axillaris were controlled very effectively due to ready mix formulation of anilofos and triclopyr applied at various doses at 3, 6 or 9 DAT. Tank mix application of anilofos at 400+2, 4-D at 400 g ha−1 was very effective in reducing density of grasses, sedges, non-grasses and total weed dry matter production. All the treatments, except triclopyr at 500 g ha−1 applied alone yielded significantly more than weedy treatment. Grain yields obtained at various doses of anilofos-triclopyr applied 3, 6 or 9 DAT were similar and at par with weed-free treatment.


The simulation is performed on a computer system, a circuit description of a plurality of nodes (IN, K1-K4, OUT) and a plurality of circuit elements (NAND, NOT1 NOT4) having electrical circuit (1) on the computer system is present. First, voltage and / or current values at the nodes (IN, K1-K4, OUT) of the electrical circuit (1) in a selected time interval [t¶start¶; t¶stop¶] using table-based models for the circuit elements (NAND, NOT1 NOT4) is calculated. These voltage and / or current values Simulation times are t¶n¶ in the observed time interval [t¶start¶; t¶stop¶] determined at which are determined and calculated system equations of the circuit description. These equations describe the system circuit elements (NAND, NOT1 NOT4) by physical formulas and the dynamic effects of the circuit elements (NAND, NOT1 NOT4) by differential equations.


In this paper, we introduce the concepts of intuitionistic fuzzy subspaces, intuitionistic fuzzy topological groups and intuitionistic fuzzy quotient groups. And we investigate some of their properties.


The registration in 10 pm Makrofol G plastic of fission track holes from foils of zszTh and natural uranium is used for monitoring of fast and thermal neutrons during in v i m neutron activation procedures. The holes are enhanced by NaOI-I etching and counted by an electrical sparking method developed by Cross and Tommasino at Chalk River.(3) This method uses aluminized Mylar as one electrode, from which the aluminum is evaporated at the site and time of the spark. By operating within the range of linearity of the system, the fast neutron doses can be determined from zszTh foil data and the thermal fluences can be monitored by data from both foils. Good agreement was found between fast neutron doses measured by this method and those determined by a completely different system used in similar work at the Brookhaven National Laboratory.


To evaluate the clinical application of icotinibhydrochloride chemotherapy combined with CT-guided 125I seedimplantation in the treatment of unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. 94 patients with advanced unresectablenon-small cell lung cancer who underwent treatment in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 wereenrolled in this study. Patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group. The controlgroup received icotinib hydrochloride chemotherapy, and the observation group received CT-guided 125I forradiotherapy on the basis of chemotherapy. The patient was treated for three weeks as one treatment course.After three treatment courses, the efficacy and the side effects of the treatment were compared. The overallclinical effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and thedifference was significant (P<0.05). There was no difference between the two groups in the incidence ofhemoptysis, pneumothorax, fever and myelosuppression during treatment, however the incidence of pain in theobservation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). In theclinical treatment for unresectable small cell lung cancer mitigation, the clinical effect of using icotinibhydrochloride combined with CT-guided 125I seeds for implanted radiotherapy is more obvious, and it will notincrease the adverse reactions. It is beneficial to the patient's disease control and can be applied in clinicalguidance.


The atomic and electronic structure at a S3(111) grain boundary in BaTiO 3 was investigated by the first-principles band-structure DMol 3 total energy/atomic force method within the local-density approximation. Our first-principles calculations indicate an expansion of the nearest Ti-Ti spacing across the grain-boundary plane and a contraction of the nearest BaO-BaO spacing, in excellent agreement with the experimental observation of Jia and Thust @Phys. Rev. Lett.82, 5052 ~1999!#. An additional attraction of oxygen atoms to the nearest Ti atom pairs, as well as a small volume expansion, are also found at the grain boundary. The atomic displacements were explained with an electronic structure analysis.


Let 2≤p∞ and let (f n) be a martingale. Using exponential bounds of the probabilities of the type P(|f n|λ‖T(f n)‖ ∞) for some quasi-linear operators acting on martingales, we estimate upper bounds for the L p-norms of the maximal functions of martinglaes. Our result is the extension and improvements of the results obtained previously by HITCZENKO and ZENG .


This thesis investigates what kind of inequality the world is concerned about today and compares
traditional and new measures of inequality to see how these measures relate to current views on
fairness and justice. The analysis is based on different theories of justice and measurement princi-
ples, and the relationship between each measure and the theory is investigated. Latin America and
the Caribbean have been in the spotlight when developing the new measures because of the region's
severe problems with inequality, and data from this region is used for exemplification in the analy-
sis. As the world's concern about inequality seems to have increased in the last decades there's also
been a shift from a focus on outcome inequality to a focus on equal opportunities. There's an exten-
sive research showing that the world agrees that these issues should be a priority for policy makers.
Inequalities caused by circumstances outside of the individual control are considered unjust and
should be corrected, while other inequalities are considered fair or even good. This study finds that
the traditional measures of inequality have become inappropriate as a tool since outcome inequality
is no longer of interest. What policy makers need is a measure to determine the sources of inequal-
ity in society and how opportunities are distributed between it's members. The new measures are
definitely a step in the right direction, even if there might be comparability and measurement issues
to work out before a wider implementation is possible.


I outline the meaning of the articles on lands, territories and resources in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples taking into account the negotiations leading to the General Assembly's adoption of the Declaration and human rights jurisprudence. I especially focus on right to lands, territories and resources that are no longer possessed by Indigenous peoples.


AbstractThis paper is dedicated to the nonlinear finite-element analysis of the dynamic behavior of beams on foundations under moving loads. The goal of the study is to generalize, for more realist...


To improve the capability of magnetic and to develop new magnetic all needs according to the parameter of various magnetic; the important way to get the parameter of magnetic is measuring magnetic. The mean content of measuring magnetic is measuring magnetic-field. This essay sets forth some essential laws of physical and relative to effect, treats many methods of measuring the magnetic-field and some problems which must be pay attention. Be willing to perform some function of deeply research about magnetic-field.


Nonclinical rodent and non-rodent toxicity models used to support clinical trials of candidate drugs may produce discordant results or fail to predict complications in humans contributing to drug failures in the clinic. Here we applied microengineered Organ-on-Chip (Organ-Chip) technology to design rat, dog, and human Liver-Chips containing species-specific primary hepatocytes interfaced with liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, with or without Kupffer cells and hepatic stellate cells, cultured under physiological fluid flow. The Liver-Chips detected diverse phenotypes of liver toxicity including hepatocellular injury, steatosis, cholestasis, and fibrosis as well as species-specific toxicities when treated with tool compounds. Multi-species Liver-Chips may provide a useful platform for prediction of liver toxicity and inform human relevance of liver toxicities detected in animal studies to better determine safety and human risk. One Sentence Summary Microengineered Organ-Chip technology has been used to design rat, dog and human Liver-Chips that recapitulate species-specific liver toxicities.


Nonequilibrium phase transitions of vortex matter with a strong random pinning potential in layered superconductors are investigated by the three-dimensional frustrated anisotropic XY model and resistively-shunted junction dynamics at low, middle and high-temperatures, respectively. It is found that a disorder to order phase transition driven by an external current can be obtained at a low-temperature, however, a reordering configuration does not occur at a high-temperature. With the competition between thermal noise, disorder pins and current, the vortex matter can even show the reordering process twice at an intermediate temperature, giving a clear evidence of dc driven vortex lattice reorganization.


Fossil woods collected in situ for the first time from the Holocene sediments of Purniyagiri area near Tanakpur, Champawat District, Uttarakhand have been studied in detail. The anatomical features like, medium to large vessels, broad, heterogeneous rays and presence of gum canals in concentric rings and vasicentric tracheids indicate its affinity with the modern woods of Shorea Roxb. of the family Dipterocarpaceae. The presence of fossil wood of this taxon in the Holocene sediments is phytogeographically important.


A simulation model for the analysis of MEMS capacitor has been developed using mechanical equivalencies. The capacitor structure used in this paper has four parallel plates to improve the tuning range. Two of the plates are suspended and the other two plates are fixed. The developed mechanical model is validated with the help of structure simulations performed using PolyMumps process. The simulation results show good correlation between the equivalent mechanical model and the structural model. The tuning range of the mechanical model developed is 2.465:1 where as the PolyMumps fabricated capacitor produces a tuning range of 2.4555:1.The mechanical resonant frequencies of the top and bottom suspended plates are simulated as 501 rad/sec and 706 rad/sec respectively.


Preparations from bovine thymus tissue were analyzed for their inhibitory effects during in vitro lymphocyte proliferation. The results indicate that these preparations strongly inhibit DNA synthesis in stimulated human peripheral lymphocytes, bone marrow cells, thymocytes and lymphoblastoid cells. This inhibition was dose‐dependent and not due to cytotoxicity of the preparations. No inhibition was found of the spontaneous proliferation of HeLa cells and human fibroblasts indicating that the inhibitory effect was specific for proliferating lymphocytes. Control preparations from bovine liver or kidney did not show any suppression in the test systems used.


Psychedelics have been investigated for their therapeutic applications in end-of-life care as early as 1960. Recently, there have been four main groups conducting clinical trials for either lysergi...


Software Engineering: (Update) 8/E Building on the widely acclaimed strengths of the 7th edition, 8 updates readers with the latest developments in the field, whilst maintaining the structure and content of the 7th easily upward compatible for those using the text in a teaching environment. Using UML: Software Engineering with Objects and Components 2/E One of the first textbooks to be fully up-to-date with the new and expanded UML 2.0 standard, this is an ideal introduction to the Unified Modelling Language for students learning about object and component-based software design and development.


Nine patients with pulmonary tuberculosis underwent open chest surgery for pulmonary lesions of tuberculosis or other than tubercolosis. They were 1 case of lung cancer, 4 cases of pneumothorax, 1 case of multi drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis and 3 cases of tuberculoma. Postoperative complications developed in 3 cases including 2 of pneumothorax and 1 of lung collapse.


Chapter 2 examines the politics of emotion and corporeality in Anita Loos's 1925 satire of Jazz Age femininity, Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. Blondes is both a satire of a nineteenth-century sentimental novel and a sentimental novel in its own right. The chapter argues that such indeterminacy undergirds Loos's send-up of the flapper as a figure whose interiority and exteriority are vitally opaque. Loos's "more old fashioned girl" performs the flapper's conflicted sexuality and exposes the gendered contradictions of Freudian psychoanalysis and the modernist language experiments exemplified by Gertrude Stein. The chapter connects the novel to contemporary legal debates about minimum wage and prostitution. It therefore argues that Blondes can also be seen as a mock manifesto, a companion piece to other period texts that tread an unclear line between irony and sincerity as they engage politicized discourse about women's bodies.


The Aerodynamic and Propulsion Test Unit (APTU) at the Arnold Engineering Development Complex (AEDC) has historically been used as a freejet test facility for missile scale systems. For propulsion system freejet tests, the mass-flow rate entering the engine has to be determined experimentally based on measurements made in the propulsion system flow path since a large fraction of the test medium exiting the freejet nozzle spills around the engine inlet. For the upcoming Medium Scale Critical Components (MSCC) test program, APTU will be used as a direct-connect test facility. All of the mass flow exiting the APTU direct-connect nozzle will flow directly through the propulsion system under test. This therefore requires both the precise metering of the flow rates and knowledge of the uncertainty of the mass-flow rates. This paper will discuss the calibration of the existing Hershel-type venturi tubes installed in APTU. The high-pressure air (HPA) system venturi tubes were calibrated in 2013 using a critical flow venturi test rig installed downstream of the Combustion Air Heater (CAH). The majority of the paper will be focused on describing the HPA system test program and the results. The liquid oxygen (LOX) venturi tubes will be calibrated in 2014 using a multiholed plate mounted on the exit of the CAH and the HPA system. The isobutane system venturi tubes will also be calibrated in 2014 using a Coriolis mass-flow meter installed upstream of the venturi tubes. The plans for the calibration of these two systems' venturi tubes will be described. A brief summary of the uncertainty analysis for the calculated venturi tube flow coefficient will conclude the paper.


According to the practice of governing of the Party committee at all levels in the process of reform opening up to the outside world and modernization. This paper gives a definition to the current characteristics of governing of the CPC and makes an abstract analysis of the model of this kind of governing system as well. This paper also presents the outline of the macro-construction of administrative functions according to law, which is based on the separation of the functions between the CPC and the government.


Racemose NCC is a rare form of the NCC, which develops at the basal subarachnoid region. NCC is the most common cause of parasitic infection in the human central nervous system. This infection causes a wide variety of neurological symptoms from headache to focal neurological loss or hemiparesis. In addition, it is the main cause of adult-onset epilepsy in endemic areas.[2,3] NCC is a relatively common infection in developing countries. Additionally, due to immigration and traveling in recent decades, physicians in westerns countries have been faced with incidental cases of NCC.[4,5]


DMF and THF mixture with different volume ratios was used as a mixed solvent for electrospinning of biomaterial polycarbonate urethane(PCU).SEM results showed that bead-fiber structure membranes were obtained when the DMF volume ratio in the mixed solvent was above 75%.When DMF was 50% in the mixed solvent it was easy to obtain uniformed micro-structure fibers without beads.When the voltage ranged from 15 kV to 20 kV,the average fiber diameters were more than 1 000 nm,whereas the average diameters showed uniformed nano-structure ranging from 420 nm to 720 nm when the voltage increased from 20 kV to 32 kV.When PCU mass concentration was less than 10%,bead-fiber membranes were obtained.However,the bead-fibers disappeared in the membranes when PCU mass concentration increased.When PCU mass concentration was 12%,the average fiber diameter was high with the value of 1 840 nm.A proportional relationship between the average fiber diameter and the volume flow rate was found.When the volume flow rate of PCU solution was 0.3 mL/h,the average fiber diameter was found to be 420 nm.


Based on leaching experiment,the leaching rule of heavy metal in coal mine waste was brought out.The research showed that: Zn,Cr,Pb and Cu concentrations were most in the leachate of weathered coal waste,and the concentration became stable rapidly;only Zn concentrations are found in fresh coal waste leachate in the beginning time.The soil around coal mine waste also was contaminated by heavy metal,such as Zn,Cr and Pb.The process that heavy metal is leached out is a long time,and heavy metal could be migrated and accumulated.Some heavy metal gradually decreased with the soil depth increasing in the soil section.


. With the increased occurrence of wildfires around the world, interest in the chemistry of pyrogenic organic matter (pyOM) and its fate in the environment has increased. Upon leaching from soils by rain events, significant amounts of dissolved pyOM (pyDOM) enter the aquatic environment and interact with microbial communities that are essential for cycling organic matter within the different biogeochemical cycles. To evaluate the biodegradability of pyDOM, aqueous extracts of laboratory-produced biochars were incubated with soil microbes, and the molecular changes to the composition of pyDOM were probed using ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry (Fourier transform–ion cyclotron resonance–mass spectrometry). Given that solar irradiation significantly More broadly, our research shows that pyDOM can be substrate for microbial growth and be incorporated into environmental food webs within the global carbon and nitrogen cycles.


Macrophages are critically involved in the pathogenesis of genetically caused demyelination, as it occurs in inherited demyelinating neuropathies. On the basis of the observation that upregulation of the Schwann cell‐derived chemokine MCP‐1 (CCL2) is a pathologically relevant mechanism for macrophage activation in mice heterozygously deficient for the myelin component P0 (P0+/−), we posed the question of the intracellular signaling cascade involved. By using western blot analysis of peripheral nerve lysates the MAP‐kinases extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and MAP kinase/ERK kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) showed an early and constantly increasing activation in P0 mutants. Furthermore, in nerve fibers from the P0+/− mutants, Schwann cell nuclei were much more often positive for phosphorylated ERK1/2 than in nerve fibers from wild type mice. In vitro experiments using the MEK1/2‐inhibitor CI‐1040 decreased ERK1/2‐phosphorylation and MCP‐1 expression in a Schwann cell‐derived cell line. Finally, systemic application of CI‐1040 lead to a decreased ERK1/2‐phosphorylation and substantially reduced MCP‐1‐production in peripheral nerves of P0+/− mutant mice. Our study identifies MEK1/2‐ERK1/2 signaling as an important intracellular pathway that connects the Schwann cell mutation with the activation of pathogenetically relevant macrophages in the peripheral nerves. These findings may have important implications for the treatment of inherited peripheral neuropathies in humans. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Gerbils kept at high (35 degrees C) temperature harbored a significantly larger Echinococcus multilocularis cyst biomass than those kept at room (21 degrees C) and low (5 degrees C) temperature. Parasite induced adrenomegaly was observed in all temperature groups.


Convergence rates for $L_2$ approximation in a Hilbert space $H$ are a central theme in numerical analysis. The present work is inspired by Schaback (Math. Comp., 1999), who showed, in the context of best pointwise approximation for radial basis function interpolation, that the convergence rate for sufficiently smooth functions can be doubled, compared to the general rate for functions in the"native space"$H$. Motivated by this, we obtain a general result for $H$-orthogonal projection onto a finite dimensional subspace of $H$: namely, that any known $L_2$ convergence rate for all functions in $H$ translates into a doubled $L_2$ convergence rate for functions in a smoother normed space $B$, along with a similarly improved error bound in the $H$-norm, provided that $L_2$, $H$ and $B$ are suitably related. As a special case we improve the known $L_2$ and $H$-norm convergence rates for kernel interpolation in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces, with particular attention to a recent study (Kaarnioja, Kazashi, Kuo, Nobile, Sloan, Numer. Math., 2022) of periodic kernel-based interpolation at lattice points applied to parametric partial differential equations. A second application is to radial basis function interpolation for general conditionally positive definite basis functions, where again the $L_2$ convergence rate is doubled, and the convergence rate in the native space norm is similarly improved, for all functions in a smoother normed space $B$.


To investigate the location accuracy of Tracking Tags near the Boundary of Detection Area(TTBDA) in Location iDentification based on Dynamic Active RFID Calibration(LANDMARC) being restricted by the number of reference tags,an optimized ranging location algorithm is proposed.By introducing the weighted factor,the algorithm regulates the Euclidean distance between the reference tags and the tracking tags,rectifies the received signal strength indication values' credibility on each reader on the basis of the distance-loss model.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves a higher accuracy and better environmental suitability towards Tracking Tags near the Boundary of Detection Area(TTBDA) compared with LANDMARC.


In order to investigate the direct and correlated responses to selection for heading date in barley, two F2 populations were subjected to four cycles of divergent selection. For each cross, eight populations selected for earliness (from 1E to 4E) and for lateness, (from 1L to 4L) and four unselected populations (1, 2, 3 and 4 SSD) were obtained and than compared together with parental lines. Selection caused a change greater than one day/cycle in Doth directions, and the cumulative responses were -5.4 and -5,9 days in the direction of earliness, 7.7 and 7,1 days in the opposite direction. Such results suggest that in the two base populations the heading, date is under the control of a polygenic system with prevailing additive effects and a slight directional dominance toward earliness.

Early populations showed a reduction of ear moisture and an increase of plant height, ear extrusion, kernel weight and harvest index, whereas late populations showed the opposite changes. Grain yield was linearly reduced by selection for lateness, whereas no substantial change was evidenced in the opposite direction, so that 4E significantly out-yielded 4L in both crosses.


Current bioinformatics analyses for biodiversity from molecular sequence data are discussed on the background of next generation high throughput sequencing technology. Software and Hardware requirements as well as aspects of bioinformatics support are discussed. As a concrete example of analyses support, results obtained from the AWI pipeline QZIP are shown. Data re-use is practically demonstrated based on R-data objects as an effective interchange format.


Promoting the high-quality development of private economy in the new era is of great strategic significance for building a well-off society in an all-round way and building a socialist modern country. Requirements should continue to relax the access mechanism of private enterprises, provide a broad space for private enterprises to develop, substantially improve the ability of private enterprises to transform and upgrade high-quality development, reduce the cost of real economy, broaden the financing channels of private enterprises, and establish friendly political and commercial relations, which will contribute to the smooth development of various policies, and establish firm confidence and belief for private entrepreneurs.


A class of lower bounds for the generalized mean-square error (MSE), the probability of error, and the accuracy of domain decisions is derived. The derivation is based on the well-known properties of the functional \begin{equation} \Lambda \equiv \int _ {\mathcal{H}} - [\ln p_2 (x) - \ln p_1 (x)]p_1(x)d \gamma. \end{equation} The bounds depend on the mutual information between the channel's input and output signals and on the loss of information due to making the decision. It is shown that further bounding of mutual information gives as special cases bounds for the generalized MSE. These special cases almost coincide with a special case of the we!l-known Shannon bound, which is based on information rate relative to a fidelity criterion, and with a special case of the Cramer-Rao bound. The derived bound for the probability of error and the accuracy is valid both in the continuous case, in particular for interval decisions and in the discrete case for list decisions. In another special case the bound turns out to be the well-known Fano bound. The problem of the uniqueness of the derived bounds is also considered and it is shown that in a certain sense they are unique bounds based only on mutual information. As by-products a new extremal property of the entropy and a uniqueness property of functional \Lambda are proved.


This article discussed the synthetical conditions of two N-alkylmorpholine flotation reagents of sodium chloride with best flotation characteristics.The result were presented.


This article aims to present a face detection system for one or more people moving through a video. To achieve this, we use Viola Jones algorithm and a diagram of a face detection algorithm using Boosting algorithm was prepared. Learning the Boosting algorithm is necessary to build a strong classifier from a set of weak classifiers. Subsequently, the Boosting algorithm was combined with a tracking filter and the particulate filter, in order to track each face from its appearance until its disappearance. The particulate filter is one of the best solutions for plotting trajectories and predicting the position of faces in a scene. The algorithm proposed for this task includes four components: learning, detection, tracking and prediction.


We have shown that for a /spl plusmn/45/spl deg/ polarised base station antenna the important parameter is the far-field coupling of the fields of the two channels. The cross-polar level alone does not reveal if an antenna is suited for polarization diversity reception. Even when the vertical-horizontal power ratio differs from 1, the far-field coupling still provides valuable insight into the diversity performance. Further, of the two investigated antennas, the aperture coupled patch antenna is seen to be superior to the dipole antenna in terms of lower output correlation.


The invention relates to a memory cell arrangement with a memory cell field comprising at least one layer of magnetoresistive memory elements (11) which are connected to first contact lines (10). The first contact lines (10) lie within a first dielectric layer (6) and are connected to second contact lines (20; 29; 35). The second contact lines (20; 29; 35) lie within a second dielectric layer (17; 27; 32). A diffusion barrier layer (15; 22; 7; 31) is arranged between the first contact lines (10) and the second dielectric layer (17; 27; 32).


The direct signal leakage of the Continuous Wave(CW) Radar is a key technique problem,which is analysed in this paper.And a mixed analog and digital method of restraining the direct signal leakage is proposed for CW Radars.A scheme of the link of digital clutter filter and receive channel equilibrium filter is also given when the proposed method is implemented.The validity of the proposed method and its implementation has been verified by the results of computer simulation and radar outfield trial.


This paper presents an ultraminiaturized bandstop closed‐loop 2.5D frequency‐selective surface (FSS) for sub‐6 GHz 5G wireless communication. Four metallic vertical vias interconnect metallic elements present on both sides of the substrate to form a modified closed‐loop design. The proposed structure band stops the entire sub‐6 GHz 5G band (C‐band/NR N78 band/LTE 42/43 band) ranging from 3.2 to 3.9 GHz with a resonant notch at 3.62 GHz. This design supports polarization insensitivity and procures maximum relative deviation of 0.5% and 0.2% at 80°incident transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarized waves, respectively. The proposed FSS prototype has been fabricated and tested. Experimentally, the resonant notch is obtained at 3.55 and 3.68 GHz under TE and TM normal incident polarized waves, respectively. Moreover, good agreement in the frequency response curves is observed between simulated and measured results. The proposed unit cell is 3.6 × 3.6 mm2 in dimensions, which is 0.04λ × 0.04λ, where λ is the resonant wavelength.


The "Empresa Electrica Ambato Regional Centro Norte S.A." with the goal of abide the dispositions of the Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy about the replacement of overhead networks to underground networks, allows to perform the underground network designs in the historic centers of its concession area.
The present work determines the necessary parameters to perform the underground network design, through the review of the actual situation of the electric system, of the "Canton Tisaleo" center.
The process of analysis of the average power consumption of the users, the application of the REA method to determine the coincident maximum demand that will be project for a growth factor….


ITO films were deposited on c-Si wafer, and two glass substrates by RF magnetron sputtering at constant RF power, and substrate temperature of 60 W, and 450°C respectively. The surface morphologies of the substrates were analyzed before and after film depositions by AFM measurements. The crystalline structural, electrical, and optical properties were analyzed after film depositions by XRD, Hall measurement, and UV-Vis spectrophotometer respectively. It was found that, with lower surface roughness, the deposited ITO films showed significant larger domain-grain structure, lower surface roughness, and higher (400) preferred orientation than that deposited on the substrate with higher surface roughness, with the transmittances of higher than 80% for both substrates. From the structural, and electrical properties, it implied that, with higher surface roughness, the carrier concentrations was contributed mainly from the Sn substitution, whereas it was dominant from the oxygen deficiency for the lower surface roughness substrate. The deposited ITO film with lower resistivity and high transmittance can be achieved for the films deposited on lower substrate surface roughness.


Syphilitic infection of the myocardium has been observed for more than a hundred years. The hearts most often described were those in which gummas were present. Little thought was given to the interstitial tissue changes until the years 1866 to 1894. In 1927 reports were made which indicated that myocardial syphilis is of rare occurrence, and some investigators have intimated that the myocardium is never affected by syphilis. Varied opinions and observations made by excellent pathologists have therefore given rise to considerable controversy concerning the disease. According to Conner, 1 who has recently published an excellent summary of the development of the knowledge concerning cardiovascular syphilis, Morgagni, in his dissections of syphilitic bodies during his lifetime (1682-1771), observed syphilis of the heart, pericardium, aorta and other arteries. In a woman, aged 22, he observed ulceration of both ventricles. Conner refers further to Ricord, who in 1845 first found a gummatous


Plat of a portion of Abilene, Texas roughly bordered by Vogle Avenue, Highway Number 30, and North 19th Street. Blocks are numbered and subdivided to show individual properties. Some specific properties are labeled to show owners. Scale 1:2,400


Dynamic finite element simulation models of two projectile-borne recorder structures with different natural frequencies are established. The dynamic response characteristics with different elastic modulus of buffer materials under different pulse width of half sinusoidal signals impact loading are analyzed. The simulation results show that the acceleration peak value decreases with the increasing of elastic modulus of buffer under low frequency loading, which is contrary to under high frequency loading. And it increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of loading frequency, which is opposite in different loading frequency bands for two structures. The acceleration peak value of circuit component with low natural frequency is larger than that with high natural frequency when a half sinusoidal signal acts with low frequency, which is contrary to that with high frequency


The present invention relates to redirecting notifications to a wearable computing device. A computing device can include one or more processors, and a charging module operable by the one or more processors to determine a charging state of a second computing device, responsive to determining that the charging state of the second computing devices indicates the second computing device is operatively coupled to a power source, output by the first computing device and for display, a notification, and responsive to determining that the charging state of the second computing device indicates the second computing device is disconnected from the power source, send, by the first computing device, to the second computing device, an indication of the notification.


Communicative purposes of encoding and embellishment are worldwide applications of symbols used in artworks, which are rendered in motifs. However, the conceptual process of decoding the motifs culturally demands learning to gain mastery in approaching its interpretation which this paper aims to achieve. The study provides the requisite background knowledge and an illustrative context for interpreting cultural motifs in a multimedia painting project. Consequent upon the argument in this study, the paper made submissions which can serve as working manual for stakeholders and way out of possible semiological challenges among which is dismantling the work into its component parts which will reveal the meaning of the whole from the parts. Conclusively, the experimental multimedia work under discourse opines that human destiny plays a mysterious role in controlling life events, while the manifestation of good desires depend greatly on human efforts, the action, inactions and reactions of man in his or her life are important pointers to what he becomes, legacies he leaves behind and the posterity accorded him/her.


The article makes a n analysis of the present disparity of citizens' income distribution in China. When the market mechanism works at breadth and depth, the existing income distri bution disparity will increasingly become an unavoidable headache for the govern ment. If not rationally solved, it would influence social stability. On this bas is, the author proposes to strengthen the government's control on citizens' in come disparity in nine respects, such as improving individual income tax, settin g up legacy tax and grant tax, perfecting house property tax system and so on.


The schism between accounting practice and the accounting academy has been a lament of accountants for many decades. This schism has two aspects – the schism between research and practice and the schism between education and practice. This article focuses on the later schism and uses a statistical approach to compare the dates of introduction of new management accounting concepts into accounting education and the professional body of knowledge over the period 1967 to 1997. The results indicate that, on average, accounting education lags practice and the length of the lag has increased since the early 1980s. The study contributes to the growing use of cliometrics (quantitative analysis) in accounting history, provides new empirical data on the accounting schism and offers insights for the profession and academy on the pattern of knowledge transfer. The use of new sources and a different research method offer additional insights on the established themes of "relevance lost" and the "accounting lag" in the management accounting and accounting history literatures.


Introduction: allergy and respiratory diseases are frequent in athletes. Aim of the study: to evaluate clinical aspects of allergy and respiratory symptoms in young people practising outdoor or indoor sport activity. Methods: AQUA questionnaire, specific for allergic disease (1) administered to 150 young (R: 13 - 20y) subjects practising competitive sport activity: soccer (82 M) or swimming (68, 42 M, 26 F). The subjects with an AQUA score > or = 5 were evaluated by skin prick test, spirometry, exaled NO (FENO). Results: Positive AQUA score: 26 (31.7 %) soccers and 48 (70,5 %) swimmers (p= 0.000); previous diagnosis of allergy: 21 (25,6 %) soccers and 25 (36,7 %) swimmers (NS). Percentage of diagnosis in AQUA+ score: 80,7 % of soccers and 52 % of swimmers (p= 0.029). 14 soccers (17 %) and 20 swimmers (29,4 %) had a diagnosis of Asthma and/or Rhinitis. AQUA questionnaire was positive for EIA in 5 soccers (6 %) and 14 swimmers (20,5 %)(p= 0.016). Only 16 on 26 socccers (61,5 %) and 32 on 48 swimmers (66,6 %) of AQUA+ subjects accepted of perform further evaluation. 2 soccers and 7 swimmers were positive to skin prick test, without a previous diagnosis of allergy. 2 soccers and 9 swimmers had FENO values > 25 ppb, without a previous diagnosis of allergy. Conclusions: AQUA questionnaire showed a high percentage of allergic subjects in young athletes, significantly higher and underdiagnosed in swimmers. One third of subjects in both groups refused further evaluation. Our data support the need for education programs in athletes and their families to improve the detection and treatment of allergic and respiratory diseases. References: 1)Bonini M et al. MSSE 2009; 41: 1034-1041.


In a recent article, Hardy and Grissom present an analytical procedure for planning rural solid waste disposal systems. The planning model simultaneously considers both location of landfills and the design of collection routes in the efficient organization of a regional solid waste disposal system. Because this problemis beyond the capacity of existing optimal solution algorithms, a stepwise heuristic procedure was developed. The authors can be commended for attempting to develop heuristic methods to analyze complex economic problems of empirical relevance. However, the authors fail to consider if the procedures yield empirical results that are reasonable in comparison with existing economic theory and past empirical analysis. The purpose of this comment is to propose some evaluation standards for Hardy and Grissom's methodology and to compare their empirical results with these standards.


Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of topical steroid in the treatment of phimosis in children by systematic reviews.

Methods
The Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CBM, Wanfang and Wiper databases were searched by computer, and the clinical study of topical steroid treatment on phimosis in children was collected. The retrieval time was established until April 2018. The bias risks of literature screening, data extraction and evaluation for inclusion in the study were performed independently by two evaluators. Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software.

Results
Included in 9 studies, with a total of 1326 children, of which 804 children were treated with topical steroid therapy. Five hundred and twenty-two patients received placebo treatment or only manipulative.Meta-analysis showed that the effective rate of phimosis in children by topical steroids treatment was significantly different from that of the control group [OR=5.98, 95%CI: 3.73-9.59, P<0.00001]. In the subgroup analysis, the topical steroids treatment group had a significant difference compared with the placebo control group [OR=5.01, 95%CI: 3.56-7.04, P<0.00001]. The curative effect of betamethasone group was also significantly different from that of placebo group[OR=3.65, 95%CI: 2.26-5.88, P<0.00001].

Conclusions
Compared with placebo or manual therapy, topical steroids is effective in the treatment of phimosis in children. Although there are still controversies between different types and doses of topical steroids, they can be used in the treatment of phimosis before circumcision.

Key words:
Phimosis; Child; Gonadal Steroid Hormones


This study aims to determine the effect of managerial skills of a headmaster to the effectiveness of islamic senior high school in Jombang District. This research is a quantitative study with a type of survey approach. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents, namely teachers from 4 islamic senior high schools in Jombang District as samples of this study. The research data were obtained from a questionnaire containing 45 statements regarding managerial skills and school effectiveness. The results of this study found that managerial skills of a headmaster affected school effectiveness. The results of the test of the individual parameters significance state that managerial skills (conceptual, human, and technical) are respectively influential by 72%, 75%, and 62% on school effectiveness. Meanwhile, simultaneously managerial skills have an effect of 77% on school effectiveness.


In this article a systematic quantitative analysis of the isoscalar bosonic states is performed in the framework of supersymmetric light front holographic QCD. It is shown that the spectroscopy of the $\ensuremath{\eta}$ and $h$ mesons can be well described if one additional mass parameter---which corresponds to the hard breaking of chiral $U(1)$ symmetry in standard QCD---is introduced. The mass difference of the $\ensuremath{\eta}$ and ${\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ isoscalar mesons is then determined by the strange quark mass content of the ${\ensuremath{\eta}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$. The theory also predicts the existence of isoscalar tetraquarks which are bound states of diquarks and antidiquarks. The candidates for these exotic isoscalar tetraquarks are identified. In particular, the ${f}_{0}(1500)$ is identified as isoscalar tetraquark; the predicted mass value 1.52 GeV agrees with the measured experimental value within the model uncertainties.


The brief historical review which opens the article shows that evolutions of the 70''s have les s affected agriculture - already very capitalistic and highly productive - than agricultural policies. The country's entry into the EEC and the need to adapt its agricultural policies to european norms are the main cause of his change. They are at the same time at the center of national debates and form the core of this article which also analyses land, fiscal and marketing policies.


The state of Illinois, with its valuable coal and food production and growing numbers of people, is becoming more interested in reclaiming land that has been or is being used for energy production. New surface mining legislation has put the burden on the coal companies of reclaiming land that has been currently mined, but the so-called pre-law lands (lands that were mined before the 1971 Surface-mined Land Conservation and Reclamation Act) have been largely ignored. The Grundy County demonstration project has grown out of the desire to mend this omission. Orginial reclamation operations were begun in the fall of 1972 and continued through the first half of 1973. The emphasis was on regrading the spoils and filling in some of the lakes on site. Topsoiling, seeding, and liming were done, but much of this effort was lost due to heavy rains and inadequate stabilization. Today, large parts of the regraded spoils are bare, and there is a severe acid runoff problem. The Grundy County demonstration site is adjacent to the Goose Lake Prairie State Park and is intended to be used as a park overlook with picnicking facilities; however, at this point, the area cannot be used for this purpose.more » Therefore, this proposal is in answer to a request by the State Department of Conservation and the Illinois Institute for Environmental Quality that Argonne National Laboratory (1) determine the present problems on the site and (2) determine what will be necessary to achieve full use of the site. Many of the problems that occur throughout Illinois (e.g., acid formation, severe erosion, and sterile terrestrial and aquatic environments) occur on the Grundy County site. Thus, a unique opportunity to provide both a public recreation area and gain valuable information about the reclamation of other pre-law lands is available at the Grundy County site.« less


A rate control system (107) for a video encoder including rate control logic (111) which determines a first QP corresponding to a selected encoding layer of multiple encoding layers, and scaling logic (112) configured to scale the first QP to a second QP corresponding to any other encoding layer based on at least one encoding layer parameter. A template (113) of stored QP values may be used to reduce computational complexity, such as a QP value for each frame interval or a QP value for each of multiple rate control interval complexity values. The QP values in the template (113) may be predetermined or programmed and updated during periodic training sessions. Several encoding layer parameters are contemplated, such as any combination of bit rate, frame rate and frame resolution. The scaling logic (112) may be configured to scale from any one encoding layer to another and vice-versa for bi-directional scaling.


The authors have developed a systematic diagrammatic approach to represent design problem requirements as part of a larger project on visualising design information. Product design schematics (PDS) are based on concept maps but also draw from other research efforts in design problem analysis. PDSs distinguish between product characteristics, functional requirements, constraints, and performance metrics. The approach is explained with examples. The authors are currently developing a computer-based tool to support PDS creation and use. Anecdotal evidence suggests that the PDS approach can help designers reach a deeper understanding of design problems more quickly and easily than other approaches.


The present work has as purpose to expose some of the ideas related to a fraction of the legal ideology or legal discourse. Some theories are used to make an approximation to what is hiding behind the legal texts. In this case, democracy and real factors appear as the protagonists of the ideological instrument called Constitution. The constitutional order is and has been mentioned by critics as an instrument to legitimate and perpetuate the State's liberal power. Even though the ideology can be part of the constitutional text, it justifies and camouflages the decisions of those whom are using the power and imposing it to the rest of the inhabitants of a territory.


The graduation thesis deals with the 3D-similarity transformation parameter determination in the local area of Cepovan valley. The first part includes the theoretical explanation of two coordinate systems, namely the coordinate system D48/GK and D96/TM and the transformation of coordinates from one coordinate system to another. Description of methods for GNSS point determination is given with further explaination which measurement equipment could be used. GNSS system usage for surveying is presented in detail, as well as GNSS surveying methods and GNSS impacts. The second part of the thesis is practical, covering the topics of GNSS surveying presentation, GNSS methods and further observation processing with the aim of calculating coordinates of the specific points. The target
task is the determination of various 3D-transformation parameters and their mutual comparison and the determination or selection of the best local transformation parameters. The conclusion summarizes the findings obtained during the realization of the task and recommends how to deal with the specific measurment method and 3D-transformation in the selected area.


Three strains of lactic acid bacteria were used as adjunct bacteria with the normal starter of Ras cheese. The strains were grown in Ras cheese slurry for 15 days. The influence of each strain was assessed on the basis of the biomass growth, rate of autolysis, rate of both proteolysis and lipolysis. The results indicated that the addition of Lactococcus. Lactis sub.lactis gave an excessive stimulation effect on biomass formation and autolysis for either streptococci or lactobacilli. The biochemical changes in the slurry due to the type of the adjunct bacteria revealed to the disadvantages of using Lactobacillus casei as it showed lower pH value, higher lipolysis and lower proteolytic activity. This effect might be related to the low activity for biomass formation as well as to the lower lysis ability. The results revealed to the superiority of Lactococcus lactis sub. lactis for biomass production, autolysis and proteolysis. On the other hand, the strain of Streptococcus thermophilus showed an advantage effect on growth and lysis of Streptococci only.


The aim of this paper, Hadamard and Fejer Hadamard _nequalities for (h -m)-strongly convex functions via generalizeed fractional integral operators involving the generalized Mittag-Le_er function are established. In particular several knows results are mentioned.


The active site clusters of nitrogenase enzymes possess the only examples of carbides in biology. These are the only biological FeS clusters that are capable of reducing N 2 to NH 4+ , implicating the central carbon and its interaction with Fe as important in the mechanism of N 2 reduction. This biological question motivates study of the in fl uence of carbon donors on the electronic structure and reactivity of unsaturated, high-spin iron centers. Here, we present functional and structural models that test the impacts of carbon donors and sul fi de donors in simpler iron compounds. We report the fi rst example of a diiron complex that is bridged by an alkylidene and a sul fi de, which serves as a high- fi delity structural and spectroscopic model of a two-iron portion of the active-site cluster (FeMoco) in the resting state of Mo-nitrogenase. The model complexes have antiferromagnetically coupled pairs of high-spin iron centers, and sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy shows comparable covalency of the sul fi de for C and S bridged species. The sulfur-bridged compound does not interact with N 2 even upon reduction, but upon removal of the sul fi de it becomes capable of reducing N 2 to NH 4+ with the addition of protons and electrons. This provides synthetic support for sul fi de extrusion in the activation of nitrogenase cofactors.


The Lala copper area in Huili County, Sichuan Province, China, is favored by superior regional metallogenic geological conditions due to its location in an extremely important copper–iron metallogenic belt in southwest China, and it has witnessed the formation of a series of unique iron–copper deposits following the superposition of multiple tectonic events. In recent years, major mineral exploration breakthroughs have been achieved in the deep and peripheral zones of this area. Using the Lala copper mining area in Sichuan as an example, this paper describes metallogenic prediction research carried out based on multivariate geoscience information (geological information, geophysics, geochemistry, and remote sensing data) and the application of geographic information system (GIS) technology and the radial basis function neural network (RBFLN) model. The five specific aspects covered in this paper are as follows: (1) we collected geology–geophysics–geochemistry remote sensing data and other information, adopted GIS technology to extract multivariate geoscience ore-forming anomaly information, and established a geoscience prospecting information database; (2) we applied the RBFLN algorithm for information on integrated analysis of ore-forming anomalies in the study area; (3) we applied a statistical method to divide the threshold value to delineate favorable ore-prospecting target areas; (4) we applied three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology, through which sample assistance was verified, to evaluate the performance of the RBFLN model; and (5) the results revealed that the RBFLN model can integrate multivariate and multi-type geoscience information and effectively predict metallogenic prospective areas and delineate favorable target areas. The metallogenic prediction method based on RBFLN technology provides a scientific basis for the exploration and deployment of minerals in the study area. It is obvious that the methods to predict and evaluate mineral resources are developing towards model integration and information intelligent analysis.


Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of triplet excitations triggered by a magnetic field, sometimes called magnon BEC, in dimerized antiferromagnets gives rise to a long-range antiferromagnetic order in the plane perpendicular to the applied magnetic field. To explore the effects of spin-orbit coupling on magnon condensation, we study the spin model on the distorted honeycomb lattice with dimerized Heisenberg exchange (J terms) and uniform off-diagonal exchange (Γ′ terms) interactions. By using variational Monte Carlo method and spin wave theory, we find that an out-of-plane magnetic field can induce different types of long-range magnetic orders, no matter if the ground state is a nonmagnetic dimerized state or an antiferromagnetically ordered Néel state. Furthermore, the critical properties of field-driven phase transitions in systems with spin-orbit coupling can be different from the conventional magnon BEC. Our study is helpful to understand the rich phases of spin-orbit coupled antiferromagnets in an external magnetic field.


BACKGROUND
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) associating aspirin + clopidogrel is commonly utilized in neurovascular interventions despite unpredictable clopidogrel efficacy with 4% to 50% of patients considered nonresponders. Ticagrelor is an antiplatelet agent with low resistance rates but unknown efficacy and safety in neurovascular patients.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate frequency of ischemic and hemorrhagic events in patients treated with aspirin and ticagrelor when associated with perioperative heparin bolus for unruptured aneurysms treated with intracranial stents.

METHODS
One hundred fifty-four consecutive patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated by stent procedures (113 = flow diverter stent [FDS], 41 = stent-assisted coiling) were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received aspirin and ticagrelor without platelet function testing. Patients were separated in 2 groups following perioperative heparin dose: group I = 70 U/kg; group II = 50 U/kg. FDS versus stent-assisted coiling procedures were also separately analyzed.

RESULTS
Nine patients (5.8%) presented symptomatic neurological complications poststenting (3 ischemic, 6 hemorrhagic): 8 patients received 70 U/kg of heparin (11.1%) and 1 patient received 50 U/kg (1.2%; P < .009). Four patients died (2.6%) during the 3-mo follow-up period-all deaths were correlated to intracranial hemorrhage: 3 at group I and 1 at group II (P < .251). No difference in complications or death was observed considering separately FDS and stent-assisted coiling procedures.

CONCLUSION
This study did not find more neurological complications than in previous neurointerventional reports using DAPT with aspirin + ticagrelor or aspirin + clopidogrel. Overall number of neurological complications was lower when a lower dose of heparin was administered. Neurovascular studies comparing clopidogrel to ticagrelor and different doses of heparin are necessary to demonstrate which association is more efficient with lower complication rates.


This study investigates the relationship between cancer cachexia and the gut microbiota, focusing on the influence of cancer on microbial composition. Lewis lung cancer cell allografts were used to induce cachexia in mice, and body and muscle weight changes were monitored. Fecal samples were collected for targeted metabolomic analysis for short chain fatty acids and microbiome analysis. The cachexia group exhibited lower alpha diversity and distinct beta diversity in gut microbiota, compared to the control group. Differential abundance analysis revealed higher Bifidobacterium and Romboutsia, but lower Streptococcus abundance in the cachexia group. Additionally, lower proportions of acetate and butyrate were observed in the cachexia group. The study observed that the impact of cancer cachexia on gut microbiota and their generated metabolites was significant, indicating a host-to-gut microbiota axis.


Western Boreal Plain peatlands can play an important role in the global nitrogen cycle by storing N in peat and potentially releasing large amounts of N to the atmosphere. In this study, biological denitrification rates were measured in marsh and fen vegetation zones in two boreal peatland-pond complexes in northcentral Alberta, Canada. Assuming negligible winter denitrification, we estimated annual denitrification rates of 11 g N·m−2 in marshes and 24 g N·m−2 in fens. Two techniques were employed to measure denitrification: 1) measurements of direct N2-flux were taken from intact cores in gas-tight N-free chambers, and 2) nitrous oxide (N2O) flux was measured in the two fens using in situ chambers. N2 fluxes ranged from 2.14–4.19 mg N·m−2·h−1 in marshes and 6.19–6.81 mg N·m−2·h−1 in fens. N2O release from fen peat ranged from consumption to 0.025 mg N·m−2·h−1. Peat with higher carbon and moisture content was a source of N2O whereas peat with lower carbon and moisture content was a sink. Surface water did not appear to be a major source of nitrate for denitrification. However, denitrification rates were positively correlated with peat extractable nitrate. Combined with mineralization studies, this indicated that soil nitrification provided most of the substrate for denitrification.


A BSTS(2v + 1) containing a colorable subsystem BSTS(v) with h- coloring Chas an extended h-coloring of Cif it is also h-colorable with a coloring C in which the subsystem BSTS(v) is colored with C ' . In this paper we give both necessary conditions and sufficient con- ditions for the existence of an extended coloring. The existence of these colorings is studied either for systems of type BSTSs(2v + 1) containing subsystems BSTSs(v) with 2v +1 < 103 or systems of type BSTSs(2 h + 1).


Firstly,the range solving model of bistatic guidance radar is introduced,and the range solving error is simulated.The simulation results show that the bistatic guidance radar is inability to position finding related to the base line by high precision. Then two data fusion algorithms on excellent selected and LS are introduced.The simulations on the two data fusion algorithms show that both the optimization methods could get the high range solving precision enhance the systematic location perform and greatly improve the position accuracy related to the areas around base line.