The molecular-level origins of the effects of annealing temperature and molecular weight on hole mobility in P3HT are elucidated using coarse-grained molecular dynamics, quantum chemical calculations, and kinetic Monte Carlo charge-transport simulations on a variety of realistic thin-film morphologies. The zero-field hole mobility is shown to increase as the annealing temperature or average molecular weights of samples are increased, in accordance with experimental results. Crystal structure analysis shows that the annealing temperature dependence of the mobility can be attributed to the size and structural order of the crystallites in both the chain-backbone and π-stacking directions. However, the molecular weight dependence of the mobility cannot be rationalized in the same way. Longer chains are shown to belong to more crystallites in the morphology, suggesting that the crystals become better connected as the molecular weight of the sample increases. We show that engineering samples to have an increase...


An analysis of the computational properties of the reflection operator is of interest in both computer graphics and vision, for analyzing forward and inverse problems in rendering. Building on previous qualitative observations by Miller and Hoffman [59], Cabral et al. [7, 8], D'Zmura [17] and others, the previous chapter formalized the notion of reflection as a spherical convolution of the incident illumination and the BRDF. Specifically, we were able to develop a signal-processing framework for analyzing the reflected light field from a homogeneous convex curved surface under distant illumination. Under these assumptions, we were able to derive an analytic formula for the reflected light field in terms of the product of spherical harmonic coefficients of the BRDF and the lighting. Our formulation allows us to view forward rendering as convolution and inverse rendering as deconvolution. In this chapter, we will primarily be concerned with the well-posedness and numerical conditioning of inverse problems. We analytically derive the spherical harmonic coefficients for many common lighting and BRDF models. In this way, we analyze the well-posedness and conditioning of a number of inverse problems, explaining many previous empirical observations. This analysis is also of interest for forward rendering, since an ill-conditioned inverse problem corresponds to a forward problem where the final results are 52


It's time to revisit one of the more successful and popular seismic data access systems available on the Internet. The Automatic Data Request Manager (AutoDRM) is approaching ten years old but is going strong, providing access to ever-increasing amounts of seismic data for more and more users. A fairly complete description of the development of the AutoDRM was one of the first guest columns of the Electronic Seismologist back in the summer of 1996. The system has undergone relatively few changes and enhancements since then, attesting to its original good design and thoughtful execution. If anything, its success is also one of its current problems; there are so many data available via the AutoDRM mechanism that it is hard to keep up with what is available when and from where. To help with this problem the father of AutoDRM is back at it, having now produced a system for summarizing data availability from the myriad of AutoDRM's and providing this summary via a simple set of Web pages and, yes, via an AutoDRM e-mail request method as well. Urs Kradolfer is again our guest columnist to explain this new service.

Seismograms are the key data for many seismological researchers, and since seismic waveforms are now widely recorded and archived in digital form, global communications facilities, such as the Internet, potentially allow the seismological community to access lots of data. An important step toward making seismic signals available for research was the foundation of international data centers such as those at IRIS and ORFEUS. These centers collect and provide waveforms for significant earthquakes originating from many stations worldwide.

Mainly in order to allow access to near-real-time waveform data, but also to facilitate international data exchange, many observatories have implemented an AutoDRM, which is an e-mail-based data exchange system (Kradolfer 1993, …


This is a position paper or trailer for a larger work in progress and having the same title. My hypothesis is that the world is a world of states of affairs. I think that I am saying the same thing as those who have held that the world is a world of facts not things. So it may be in order to begin by saying why I use the phrase 'state of affairs' rather than the word 'fact'. This is all the more in order because it is customary among those who patronize facts to use 'state of affairs' to mean no more than possible fact. My states of affairs, however, are all existents.


ABSTRACTRefinements to Breternitz's (1966) dating of late Cibola White Ware ceramics enhance the accuracy of ceramic cross-dating in the American Southwest and illustrate the importance of reevaluating other ceramics. Revisions to the dating of Snowflake, Reserve, Tularosa, and Pinedale Black-on-white are discussed.


The article discusses the use of a laser Doppler anemometer for measuring flow parameters with a high degree of turbulence in power plants. Due to the lack of rigorous analytical solutions of the equations describing the turbulent flow regime of liquid and gas flows, the use of experimental methods for studying flows is an urgent scientific task. The precision method is the optical method of laser Doppler anemometry, with which you can determine the speed of flow. An automated system based on a two-color argon laser has been developed, which allows one to determine the flow velocity in two orthogonal planes with the determination of the sign of the velocity projection in the speed range from 0 to ± 150 m / s. The error of speed measurement is from 0.1 to 3%. Carrying out two series of measurements of the velocity projection at the same point in the flow allows us to determine the magnitude and direction of the velocity vector. The measuring volume is an ellipsoid of revolution with a section diameter of 144 μm. The flow velocity was measured in two sections of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, as well as in the valve slit. During the study, it was revealed that the non-contact method of laser Doppler anemometry allows you to get a reliable picture of the distribution of the velocity field in the cylinder of an internal combustion engine.


This paper describes the main development steps of KE projectiles from the basic full calibre antitank steol round to today's heavy metal sub-calibre penetrators having an aspect ratio of 30, along with the corresponding penetration performance increase. A plausible development trend will be jacketed heavy metal rods having aspect ratios of 40 plus. Penetration results of big calibre firing tests with monoblock and jacketed penetrators are presented. The conclusion is that both projectile types yield the same penetration for the same rod length and the same velocity.


Roy Clouser has recently compared the philosophy of Herman Dooyeweerd and Aristotle. He finds their ontology to be "strikingly similar" except that Dooyeweerd has a different "divinity belief" concerning the Origin or Arche of the cosmos (Clouser 2009, 22 fn.17, 23, 28, and 45). This common ontology involves the abstraction of properties and laws from concrete things and events. A property can be referred to using predicate logic, in the form "x is y." For example, "x is heavy." Or "x is red." Abstraction isolates that property or predicate from the thing or event that "exhibits" the property (Clouser 2009, 36).


This paper describes the FAST methodology that enables a single FPGA to accelerate the performance of cycle-accurate computer system simulators modeling modem, realistic SoCs, embedded systems and standard desktop/laptop/server computer systems. The methodology partitions a simulator into (i) a functional model that simulates the functionality of the computer system and (ii) a predictive model that predicts performance and other metrics. The partitioning is crafted to map most of the parallel work onto a hardware-based predictive model, eliminating much of the complexity and difficulty of simulating parallel constructs on a sequential platform. FAST conventions and libraries have been designed to make creating, modifying, using and measuring such simulators straightforward. We describe a prototype FAST system: a full-system, RTL-level cycle-accurate-capable computer system simulator that executes the x86 ISA, boots unmodified Linux and executes unmodified x86 applications. The prototype runs two to three orders of magnitude faster than the fastest Intel and AMD RTL-level cycle-accurate x86 software-based simulators and about six to seven times faster than RTL simulation.


Are you an avid iPhone user? Do you know what is Apple CarPlay? In this blog post, I will tell you everything you need to know about Apple CarPlay. ...


Norma Mattei, University of New Orleans Norma Jean Mattei is an Associate Professor in the UNO Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Her research interests include engineering ethics and diversity, experimental testing, residual stress measurement using laser interferometry, and repetitive flood loss mitigation. She currently serves on the board of engineering registration in Louisiana and is a director on the ASCE Board of Direction.


Transcatheter paravalvular leak closure (TPVLC) offers a viable alternative to reoperation but optimal technical strategy is still to be defined. We present a prospective TPVLC registry in which safety and efficacy of multi‐plug, single‐stage approach were assessed.


A temporary chair of the Association of Nursing Students will be appointed at the next RCN Council meeting on April 26. The new postholder will hold the position until the ANS elections in the autumn.


FengYun-4A (FY-4A)'s Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) is the first hyperspectral infrared sounder on board a geostationary satellite, enabling the collection of infrared detection data with high temporal and spectral resolution. As clouds have complex spectral characteristics, and the retrieval of atmospheric profiles incorporating clouds is a significant problem, it is often necessary to undertake cloud detection before further processing procedures for cloud pixels when infrared hyperspectral data is entered into assimilation system. In this study, we proposed machine-learning-based cloud detection models using two kinds of GIIRS channel observation sets (689 channels and 38 channels) as features. Due to differences in surface cover and meteorological elements between land and sea, we chose logistic regression (lr) model for the land and extremely randomized tree (et) model for the sea respectively. Six hundred and eighty-nine channels models produced slightly higher performance (Heidke skill score (HSS) of 0.780 and false alarm rate (FAR) of 16.6% on land, HSS of 0.945 and FAR of 4.7% at sea) than 38 channels models (HSSof 0.741 and FAR of 17.7% on land, HSS of 0.912 and FAR of 7.1% at sea). By comparing visualized cloud detection results with the Himawari-8 Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) cloud images, the proposed method has a good ability to identify clouds under circumstances such as typhoons, snow covered land, and bright broken clouds. In addition, compared with the collocated Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager (AGRI)-GIIRS cloud detection method, the machine learning cloud detection method has a significant advantage in time cost. This method is not effective for the detection of partially cloudy GIIRS's field of views, and there are limitations in the scope of spatial application.


The neurodevelopmental model of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) suggests that changes in embryonic development result in the spectrum of ASD phenotypes, including distinct facial morphologies. We hypothesize that the facial phenotype in ASD results from differences in morphological integration (MI), the quantitative assessment of developmental relationships among anatomical regions of the face. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of ASD upon covariance patterns of facial measures to increase our understanding of how this disorder alters developmental mechanisms underlying the emergence of ASD phenotypes. We statistically compared patterns of MI of boys with ASD (N=70) with those of typically‐developing boys (N=31), aged 8–12 years using 3D landmark coordinate data collected from 3D digital stereophotogrammetric images. Our results demonstrate statistically increased MI in ASD, with the greatest differences observed in the upper face. These findings suggest differential effects of ASD on the various regions of the developing face, indicating alterations of formation and growth of the face during early development.


In the following article, we considered the problem of selection and presentation of lexical material for the future experts of agricultural high schools.


3D printing technology allows you to obtain parts with a number of characteristics that have great importance for a number of areas, in particular small aircraft. The article presents a statistical and modal analysis of the naca0012 configuration wing console made of ABS and PLA plastics. These calculations allow us to draw conclusions about the possibility of using printing technology in the development and design of aircraft.


Nosocomial infections in critically ill patients are associated with higher risk of mortality. Effective antimicrobial treatment is important to ensure a better overall outcome for the patients. This study evaluated the effect of initial antimicrobial therapy on the outcome of critically ill patients with nosocomial pneumonia and bloodstream infections. Data was collected retrospectively from patients who were admitted in 2007 in an intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care Malaysian hospital. The mean age of the study cohort was 50.8 ± 21.8 years. The subjects had either nosocomial pneumonia (72%) or bloodstream infections (28%). Three common microorganisms isolated from the tracheal aspirate and blood samples were Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Appropriate initial antimicrobial agents were given to 60% of the subjects. Advanced age was associated with the less desirable treatment outcomes (p < 0.05). The percentage of subjects who survived from nosocomial pneumonia and nosocomial bloodstream infections was 65.1% and 41.7%, respectively. Overall, the survival rate was higher in patients who received appropriate initial antimicrobial therapy (97% versus 50%; p < 0.001). The results support the need for early appropriate antimicrobial treatment in critically ill patients with nosocomial infections.


This study investigated into the effects of academic setting on male and female junior secondary school students' achievement in mathematics in Kogi Central, Kogi State. Anex-post-facto design was used and sample consisted of two hundred (200) JSS III students from five classes from four schools selected by cluster sampling technique from all junior secondary schools with a total population of 4,398 students in Kogi Central. One hypothesis was formulated to direct the study. Data collected from sample schools were analyzed using Two Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at P  levl of significance . The result indicated that: There are significant differences in the mean academic achievement scores of students in the three academic settings (single-sex school, coeducational school setting with single sex classes and coeducational school setting with mixed sex classes) in fovour of single-sex school. Also, gender difference in students' academic achievement is not significant. It is concluded among others that single-sex school students performed significantly higher than their counterparts in the other two school settings. It is recommended among others that the government at local, state and federal level should endeavor to establish more single-sex schools to cater for qualitative mathematics education for boys and girls at junior secondary school level.


The evolution of the insurance market in the Republic of Moldova during the first semester of 2011 was characterized by modest trends as regard the key indicators of the sector. Twenty four insurance companies and 68 insurance/reinsurance brokers operated during this period. Accordingly, competitive players are present on this segment, while the appearance of new players will boost the development of the insurance sector in the future.


This article describes a streamlined method for simultaneous integration of an entire family of interpolating functions that uses one and the same interpolation grid in one or more dimensions. A method for creating customized quadrature/cubature rules that takes advantage of certain special features of Mathematica's InterpolatingFunction objects is presented. The use of such rules leads to a new and more efficient implementation of the method for optimal stopping of stochastic systems that was developed in [1]. In particular, this new implementation allows one to extend the scope of the method to free boundary optimal stopping problems in higher dimensions. Concrete applications to finance~mainly to Americanstyle financial derivatives~are presented. In particular, the price of an American put option that can be exercised with any one of two uncorrelated underlying assets is calculated as a function of the observed prices. This method is similar in nature to the well-known Longstaff|Schwartz algorithm, but does not involve Monte|Carlo simulation of any kind.


Aiming at the problem of the large localization error of the reactor loose parts in engineering, a continuous short RMS- based grid time difference localization method for reactor loose parts was proposed. A character parameter was constructed and a signal arrival time judgement method was proposed to determine the time difference when the bending wave generated by the impact of loose parts reaches different sensors, and the localization of reactor loose parts would be realized based on the time difference and grid positioning method. A simulation test data of loose parts are used to verily the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results showed that the grid time difference localization method of reactor loose parts based on continuous short RMS is effective.


We studied the effects of food resources on weaning success, overwinter survival, and social group density in golden marmots (Marmota caudata aurea), an Old World sciurid rodent. End-of-season standing crop, a measure of seasonal productivity, varied between marmot groups but seemed repeatable between years. We adjusted some of our measurements of potential food availability by marmot preferences because faecal analysis suggested that marmots foraged selectively. Some, but not all, measured fitness parameters were associated with variation in food availability. The probability of weaning young was associated with overall food availability the previous year, and there was a significant positive relationship between the early-season food resources and the proportion of years in which a group reproduced. Weaning date, a correlate of subsequent juvenile overwinter survival, was associated with overall food availability in the same year. Non-juvenile overwinter survival was weakly associated with food availability. Finally, marmot density was not associated with the availability of food resources. We suggest that obligate social behaviour may limit the degree to which demographic factors can track environmental variation.


The Internet is converting to a second virtual layer of the material world. Mirroring the real world electronically, this world can be brought to any computer monitor. Due to its electronic form, computing power meets communication and opens a wide range of capabilities that the matter-bound world cannot provide. To navigate and to exploit this computerised reflection of the world, information brokers with their Internet competence can provide valuable consulting services beyond information retrieval.


On May 16, 1902, a baby was born in Sendai, Japan, and named Tetsuo by his parents Juichi and Toyo Nozoe (Figure 1). The name Tetsuo Nozoe would one day become well known in the chemical world. His father, Juichi, was a lawyer and a politician, who at one time served as a member of the National Diet. As is common in Japan, Nozoe's family is Buddhist. But his mother, Toyo, was a devout Christian. Tetsuo was the sixth child with ten brothers and sisters (Figure 2), and thus the family could not enjoy a quiet life. More details of Nozoe's youth and life can be found in his autobiography and in other biographical materials. Nozoe told us that, as a youngster, he was not healthy all the time. Thus, he loved solitude and developed hobbies like listening to classic music, especially operas. He had already developed an interest in chemistry in his junior high school days, and he had set up a laboratory in a section of a storehouse and performed daily experiments. This interest led him to the Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science of the Tohoku Imperial University, where he started studying organic chemistry under Professor Riko Majima, renowned as the father of modern organic chemistry in Japan (Figure 3). Majima was, for Nozoe, a life-long mentor and the best and most powerful supporter. Foreseeing the young man's bright future, Majima suggested "the synthesis of thyroxin" for his thesis project, and urged him to conduct the research with his own initiative. Professor Majima advised him repeatedly that research is to be conducted always with an infant's curiosity and open-minded modesty. However, the chemical structure proposed for thyroxin those days was incorrect; Nozoe's synthetic effort was naturally unsuccessful. Half a year after Nozoe's graduation, without consulting him, Professor Majima had arranged a job for the young chemist in Taipei on the island of Formosa (as the island was then known, also then under Japanese control), and urged Nozoe to take it. The truth behind the plan was that the Japanese government had decided to found an Imperial University in Taipei, and Majima wanted to keep the promising young man away from his father's political activity. Upon finding the truth later, Nozoe could not stop showing his gratitude for his mentor's deep consideration towards himself. In Formosa, Nozoe started working at the Monopoly Bureau on the essential oil of taiwanhinoki (Chamaecyparis taiwanensis) under the guidance of Dr. Kinzo Kafuku (Figure 4). Kafuku only emphasized what is essential in research, saying "Never forget to maintain originality in chemical research. You must concentrate on your own research work, while I teach you how to drink sake." Although not a good student in drinking, Nozoe had indeed concentrated in his research, keeping in his mind the recommendations he received from his two life-long mentors. Indeed, Nozoe was focused 100% on his science, as he spent both day and night in his laboratory. The formal name of Tetsuo Nozoe's mother is "Toyo," confirmed by Tetsuo Nozoe's son Shigeo Nozoe who examined a copy of the family register. In addition, Tetsuo Nozoe many times told the authors of this paper that his mother's name was "Toyo." However, in Tetsuo Nozoe's autobiography, Nozoe twice refers to his mother as "Toyoko" (page 1, first line; and the photograph caption on page 5). In the Meiji (1868–1912)—Taisho (1912–1926) era, newborn girls were quite often named without the suffix "ko"; for example, the mothers of two of the authors of this paper (IM and SI) do not have the ending "ko". T H E C H E M I C A L R E C O R D Tetsuo Nozoe: Chemistry and Life


Chronic pruritus is a subjective, multidimensional and highly impairing symptom of difficult assessment. Its clinical features and secondary burdens may vary substantially between affected individuals and within the same patient across time. Standardized scales and questionnaires have been developed to assess the various dimensions of chronic pruritus. Instruments addressing the intensity, distribution, qualities of associated symptoms, skin status and course over time are available for clinical trials. In addition, patient-oriented questionnaires on reactive conditions, including sleep disorders, anxiety, depression, and impairment of quality of life can be used. Assessing the individual patient's needs before and throughout the treatment is valuable in directing therapeutic priorities and maximizing patient's satisfaction. Along with a detailed medical history and a comprehensive physical examination, these instruments should be implemented in the clinical routine to achieve a comprehensive assessment of each patient. European experts of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) considered a priority the use of intensity scales and questionnaires on quality of life. Harmonization of the assessment procedures should be aimed for across attending physicians. New technologies including electronic diaries or the use of tablet computers to complete assessment tools constitute helpful aids in the clinical practice by facilitating data collection and saving time.


Few-shot named entity recognition requires sufficient prior knowledge to transfer valuable knowledge to the target domain with only a few labeled examples. Existing Chinese few-shot named entity recognition methods suffer from inadequate prior knowledge and limitations in feature representation. In this paper, we utilize enhanced Span and Label semantic representations for Chinese few-shot Named Entity Recognition (SLNER) to address the problem. Specifically, SLNER utilizes two encoders. One encoder is used to encode the text and its spans, and we employ the biaffine attention mechanism and self-attention to obtain enhanced span representations. This approach fully leverages the internal composition of entity mentions, leading to more accurate feature representations. The other encoder encodes the full label names to obtain label representations. Label names are broad representations of specific entity categories and share similar semantic meanings with entities. This similarity allows label names to offer valuable prior knowledge in few-shot scenarios. Finally, our model learns to match span representations with label representations. We conducted extensive experiments on three sampling benchmark Chinese datasets and a self-built food safety risk domain dataset. The experimental results show that our model outperforms the F1 scores of 0.20–6.57% of previous state-of-the-art methods in few-shot settings.


Of the various methods of permanent conception control, tubal ligation is one of the most simple, practical and effective. If abdominal tubal sterilization is the most widely recommended procedure during the postpartum period, then the vaginal approach is preferred whenever an interval sterilization is contemplated. It is an especially suitable method of conception control for women who want to conclude their childbearing early. When the technic and results of 90 vaginal tubal ligations (Jan 1, 1964 to Dec 31, 1969) were examined and compared with other sterilization procedures, including 344 postpartum and 30 interval abdominal tubal ligations, the vaginal was found to be superior to the abdominal approach. Whenever performed in a judiciously selected patient, the vaginal approach was associated with very little risk of immediate or late postoperative complications. Furthermore, the vaginal route was better accepted by most patients than was the abdominal approach and, due to the shortened hospital stay, also proved to be of definite economic benefit.


The progress on multi‐wavelength quantum cascade laser arrays in the mid‐infrared is reviewed, which are a powerful, robust and versatile source for next‐generation spectroscopy and stand‐off detection systems. Various approaches for the array elements are discussed, from conventional distributed‐feedback lasers over master‐oscillator power‐amplifier devices to tapered oscillators, and the performances of the different array types are compared. The challenges associated with reliably achieving single‐mode operation at deterministic wavelengths for each laser element in combination with a uniform distribution of high output power across the array are discussed. An overview of the range of applications benefiting from the quantum cascade laser approach is given. The distinct and crucial advantages of arrays over external cavity quantum cascade lasers as tunable single‐mode sources in the mid‐infrared are discussed. Spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging demonstrations by quantum cascade laser arrays are reviewed.


The main goal of this study is to examine the consistency of the upper-air temperature records in the Southern hemisphere. The work performed is motivated by the wish to determine whether these datasets can be used to observe coupling between various layers of the atmosphere. The upper-air datasets used in this analysis are the brightness temperature data derived from (Advanced) Microwave Sounding Unit [(A)MSU] observations produced by the University of Alabama Huntsville (UAH) and the Remote Sensing Systems (RRS) group. Comparison between the UAH and RSS long-term trends show good consistency, but unavoidable structural uncertainties (produced by differences in the processing of identical initial data) cause discrepancies at the regional scale. This analysis shows that application of rotated PCA to the difference fields between these two datasets can identify spatial and temporal structures which may help in the identification of the sources of these discrepancies. Examination also shows that both MSU climate records show very similar SAM structure consistent with Gillett et al. (2006) and that structural uncertainty for higher frequency variations is small.


The humanitarian operations arena and the Humanitarian Supply Chain (HSC) in response to crises or disasters are times where the need for leadership is paramount. Similar challenges to those of the HSC are encountered by the military in operations, this familiarity combined with a great emphasis on leadership of individuals, teams, and organisations make the military leader a significant asset to any HSC and humanitarian operation. This study assesses the contribution of the military to the HSC via a qualitative review of the experience and actions of those involved in humanitarian sphere. The findings grouped into themes support the view that engagement of the military in the HSC or in support of humanitarian operations has a positive effect overall, but specifically on leadership of the HSC.


Summary: Urban Health Plan, Inc. (UHP) implemented a comprehensive asthma management program that has resulted in sustained improvements in patient outcomes for UHP's primarily Latino and Black populations in the South Bronx. UHP is now engaged in a community-academic partnership to build community research capacity from its strength in quality improvement.


We have developed a general 3D amplitude inversion algorithm for magnetic data in the presence of self-demagnetization and remanent magnetization. The algorithm uses a nonlinear conjugate gradient (NLCG) scheme to invert the amplitude of the magnetic anomaly vector within a partial differential equation framework. Three quantities— the amplitude of the anomalous magnetic field, the analytic signal, and the normalized source strength, defined as the amplitudes of magnetic data that are weakly dependent on the magnetization direction — are inverted to recover the 3D distribution of the subsurface magnetic susceptibility. Numerical experiments indicate that our NLCG amplitude inversion algorithm has a rapid convergence rate that provides a reasonable inversion solution in the absence of knowing the total magnetization direction. High-resolution aeromagnetic data collected from the Pea Ridge iron oxide-apatite-rare earth element deposit, southeast Missouri, USA, are used to illustrate the efficacy of our amplitude inversion algorithm. This algorithm is generally applicable for tackling the large-scale inversion problem in the presence of self-demagnetization and remanent magnetization.


3. Bradbury, J. H. and Chapman, G. V., The Chemical Composition of Wool I, Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 17, 960972 ( 1964). 4. Bradbury, J. H., and Peters, D. E., Method for the Complete Removal of Cuticle from Wool Fibers, Textile Res. J. 42, 248-250 (1972). 5. Chamberlain, N. H., The Sulphur Content and Regain of Descaled Human Hair, J. Textile Inst. 23, T13-T16 (1932). 6. Davis, B. J., Disc Electrophoresis II : Method and Application to Human Serum Proteins, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 121, 404-427 (1964). 7. Greven, R., and Zahn, H. (in preparation). 8. Haly, A. R., Ultraviolet Irradiation and the Wool Fiber Epicuticle, Textile Res. J. 28, 182-183 (1958). 9. Khayatt, R. H., and Chamberlain, N. H., The Bending Modulus of Animal Fibers, J. Textile Inst. 39, T185T197 (1948). 10. Laemmli, U. K., Cleavage of Structural Proteins During the Assembly of the Head of Bacteriophage T 4, Nature 227, 680-685 (1970). 11. Ley, K. F., and Crewther, W. G., The Proteins of Wool Cuticle, Proc. 6th Int. Wool Textile Res. Conf. Pretoria, II, 13-28 (1980). 12. Snaith, J. W., A Method of Removing the Outer Layers of Animal Fibers, Textile Res. J. 30, 543 (1960). 13. Swift, J. A., and Bews, B., A New Method for the Physical Isolation of Cuticle, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 25, 13-22 (1974).


To institute the construction norms of enterprises it should be organized and planned conscientiously. Based on the budgetary rating of the industry, the admeasurement and data management are strengthened of the norms, which are revised, supplemented and improved from time to time in practice. The advanced nature and competitiveness of the norms are thus upgraded through optimizing the internal management.


China is encountering essential socio-demographic changes with respect to population aging and family structure transition. A case in point is long-term healthcare, especially to those less developed areas in Western and Central China. The increasing old population will assuredly place greater demands on the system of long-term care in China, but the magnitude of the problem has been the subject of some debate. Therefore, the main question is how to provide long-term care service in a smart way. Public-private partnership(PPP) is extending promptly as an alternative innovation for the provision of services by government. Through PPP government is able to make long-term contract with qualified private partner to deliver a good or service. Although private firms have been involved in public service delivery for a long time, the introduction of PPP in early 1990s established a mode of public service delivery that redefined the role of public and private sectors. This study is focusing on the practice of PPP in China. More specifically, the aims of the project


After withdrawing an improved offer to buy ISTA Pharmaceuticals, Valeant Pharmaceuticals has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Eyetech in order to expand its presence in the ophthalmology market. With the acquisition, Valeant will gain Macugen® (pegaptanib sodium), the first vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor to be approved for wet age-related macular degeneration, which is been marketed by Eyetech in the US. The deal includes an upfront payment and potential future milestones and its total value is reportedly significantly less than twice Eyetech's sales.


A new simple interface circuit for quartz vibrating gyroscope (QVG) driven by sine-wave is presented in this paper. The interface circuit is composed of self-excited loop of driving circuit and detecting circuit. A new multiplier is designed to achieve the controlling to drive signal. The usage of new multiplier realizes the nonlinear adjustment to the amplitude of feedback drive signal. Consequently, the requirement of rapid oscillation, low harmonic and high stability is also achieved. The interface circuit is fabricated in a 0.5 μm CMOS process and the test results show that the start time of drive signal is less than 2ms. The drive signal frequency stability can reach to 0.084% (1-sigma) and the harmonic distortion is about 1.056%. The output noise of Quartz Vibrating Gyroscope is 0.00023°/s/√Hz at 3Hz and nonlinearity is about 107 ppm. The bandwidth is more than 60Hz. Meanwhile, the short stability (1-sigma) is 2.1°/hr, the angular random walk (ARW) and bias drift are 0.01388°/√hr and 0.16°/hr respectively.


In some Dirac systems with time-reversal (T) and glide (G) symmetries, multihelicoid surface states (MHSSs) appear, as discussed in various systems such as electronic and photonic ones. However, the topological nature and the conditions for the appearance of the MHSSs have not been understood. Here we show that MHSSs result from bulk-surface correspondence for the $Z_2$ monopole charge Q, which cannot be defined as a local quantity associated with the Dirac point, unlike the Z monopole charge characterizing Weyl points. The previously known formula of Q turns out to be non-gauge-invariant and thus cannot characterize the MHSSs. This shortcoming of the definition of Q is amended by redefining Q as a global topological invariant in k-space. Surprisingly, the newly defined Q, characterizing GT invariant gapless systems, is equal to the G-protected $Z_2$ topological invariant v, which is nontrivial only in T-breaking gapped systems. This global definition of Q automatically guarantees the appearance of MHSSs even when the Dirac point splits into Weyl points or a nodal ring by lowering the symmetry, as long as the GT symmetry is preserved. Q can be simplified to symmetry-based indicators when two vertical Gs are preserved, and filling-enforced topological crystalline insulators are diagnosed in several cases when a T-breaking perturbation is induced. Material candidate Li2B4O7 together with a list of space groups preserving MHSSs are also proposed.


Aiming at the problems existing in the sealing of fracturing boreholes using the regular bag sealing device in the conventional 'two sealing and one injection' process, this paper investigated a practical and reliable ZBQ-30/1.0 modified pneumatic grouting pump for coal mines, optimized the 'B' sealing material which was applied for the sealing of fracturing boreholes designed the 'three sealing and two injection' hole sealing device which was applied for the sealing of hydraulic fracturing boreholes, and finally carried out in Songzao Coal Mine. The results showed that the strength of the optimized 'B' sealing material was 14.64~15.43MPa, which was much higher than that of the regular extraction expansion sealing material. In addition, the hydraulic fracturing could withstand more than 20MPa, and the sealability was also well. This research implied the fixed-point sealing of hydraulic fracturing drilling can be carried out to save the sealing cost.


The business feasibility study is critical to be used as the main foundation to avoid and prevent the occurrence of unwanted risks related to losses in businesses run by business people in the services, trade, and manufacturing sectors. Through a business feasibility study, business actors will get an initial description of the feasibility or inadequacy of a business plan to be implemented, so that businesses get a prediction of decisions about the business to be carried out. Utilization of information technology in terms of business feasibility study decision support systems will help businesses to improve quality, productivity, efficiency, effectiveness, minimize risk, and solve business-related problems that will be run. This research aims to design a business feasibility study decision support system to assess the feasibility of implementing business in services, trade, and manufacturing. Decision-making method in a decision support system designed using Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique (SMART), where the decision making criteria is based on economic feasibility studies with several predetermined attributes, namely Break Even Points (BEP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Average Rate of Return (ARR), Benefit/Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio) and Payback Period (PP) and Profitability Index (PI). The results of this research are in the form of a business feasibility study decision support system that can be used to assess the extent of the benefits that can be obtained in carrying out business activity and is a material for consideration in making a decision, whether to accept or reject a planned business idea measured by benefits to be received, both financial and social benefits.


Mercury is a heavy metal that is widespread and persistent in the environment and, even at low concentrations, poses a risk of adverse effects to human health and ecosystems. Mercury is commonly found in hydrocarbon reservoirs. Approximately 1.5 tonnes of mercury arrive at the Karratha Gas Plant each year in feed gas from offshore platforms. Because mercury reacts with aluminium, it must be removed from the liquefied natural gas (LNG) process before the main cryogenic heat exchangers, which comprise ~1000 km of aluminium tubing. For over a decade mercury has been safely removed from the Woodside LNG process and sent to Switzerland for recovery of metals and complete recycling of waste constituents. Here we present the outcome of a 3-year collaboration between Woodside and Contract Resources that resulted in the opening of Australia's first industrial-scale state-of-the-art mercury recovery facility in Karratha in July 2018. The AU$20 million plant is the largest of its type in the Southern Hemisphere and was underpinned by Woodside providing foundation funding through a long-term contract. The facility can handle all mercury-contaminated waste produced by the Australian oil and gas sector now and into the foreseeable future. An unparalleled project delivery taking 3 years to implement from initial discussion to the first batch of waste being processed in Karratha. This paper illustrates the collaboration, innovation and acceleration that occurred to deliver a sustainable outcome for Australian LNG.


Objective: To evaluate trend in cervical cone length and CIN linear extension in women treated in a tertiary referral centre over a 28 years period. Methods: A retrospective study including 3716 women treated with cervical conization for biopsy-proven HSIL (CIN grade 2 and 3), glandular lesions and microinvasive squamous cervical cancer from 1992 to 2020. Relevant clinical and histopathological data were collected. Results: A mean cone length of 9.5 mm (SD 5.1 mm, range 1–40 mm) and CIN linear extension of 6.58 mm (SD 3.38 mm, range 1–45 mm) were found. A 35% significant decrease in cone length was observed in the 28 years period, while no differences were found in CIN extension. Furthermore, ectocervical and endocervical margin positivity rates were stable over the study period and not affected by decreasing cone length. Conclusion: The current study reported a significant trend of reduction in cone length from 1992 to 2020 while margin status was unaffected. This may reflect less invasive approach and increased attention to obstetric outcomes.


International non-governmental organizations (INGOs) funding sport for development and peace (SDP) programs are drawn to the promise of such initiatives for young women in global South countries such as Nicaragua to promote their sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR) and prevent gender-based violence (GBV). While "international" feminist norms in support of "girl power" tend to be advocated by INGOs, gender norms in Nicaragua emphasize "machismo' that tend to uphold male domination. Based on a case study of international-regional-local NGO relations as they "play out" in Nicaragua, this paper connects international relations studies that explore the conditions through which norm change "happens" with postcolonial feminist participatory action research (PFPAR). To conclude, we discuss how to better understand the tensions of "norms in conflict' in SDP, with a particular focus on the pressures for local NGOs to accommodate—and connect—their contextual circumstances to the demands of transnational partners and the rising focus of Western donor organizations on "measurable" outcomes.


In this article the authors analyze experience in treatment of children with road traffi c accidents injures, and emphasize organizational, scientifi c, and practical problems in pediatric traumatology. In authors opinion, children with trauma must be transported to the regional hospital in a short time. The surgical treatment of children with skeletal trauma facilitates early activities well as good anatomical and functional results.


SAT-based Property Directed Reachability (PDR) has become the key algorithmic development for unbounded model checking of gate-level sequential circuits, but it can be inefficient when applied to word-level problems with heavy arithmetic logic. To address this issue, word-level abstraction is often performed by replacing a whole set of signals with unconstrained new primary inputs. This paper introduces PDR-WLA, a wordlevel abstraction-refinement algorithm integrated into a modified PDR implementation. The algorithm uses efficient refinement and re-uses reachability information across iterations of refinement. PDR-WLA was implemented in ABC and evaluated on a large set of industrial Verilog designs. Experimental results show significant speedups on hard problems compared to the original PDR and to a naive word-level abstraction-refinement method.


Objectives  The recently published ACPGBI colorectal cancer (ACPGBI CRC) scoring system for predicting operative mortality has been suggested as an instrument to improve patient consent procedures and to compare results between centres. This study compares the results of a surgical unit against the standards set by the ACPGBI colorectal cancer model and for emergency surgery, against the p‐POSSUM instrument.


The explanatory power of size, value, profitability and investment has been extensively studied for equity markets. Yet, the relevance of these factors in global credit markets is much less explored although equities and bonds should be related according to structural credit risk models. We investigate the impact of the four Fama-French factors in the U.S. and European corporate bond space. While all factors are economically and statistically significant in the U.S. high yield market, we find mixed evidence for U.S. and European investment grade markets. Nevertheless, we show that equally-weighted investable multi-factor long-only portfolios outperform the corresponding U.S. and European corporate bond benchmarks on a risk-adjusted basis.


Rosai and Dorfman1 first described this clinicopathologic entity in 1969 as a sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML). Although the etiology is still unknown, the disease is thought to be due to a disregulation of the immune system possibly as an abnormal response to an infectious agent. The most frequent clinical manifestation of Rosai-Dorfman disease is bilateral, nontender cervical lymphadenopathy. Extranodal involvement is present in 43% of cases, with preferential affectation of the head and neck region,2 including the upper respiratory tract (73%), orbit (50%), and salivary glands (25%).2,3 It has also been reported in the liver, skin, and central nervous system but not as a peripheral nerve disease.4 The aim of this report was to present a new case of extranodal Rosai-Dorfman disease affecting a peripheral nerve, specifically the mandibular portion of the trigeminal nerve.


Objectives: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (PoAF) may occur in 25-50% of patients after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. The severity of coronary artery disease and the quality of coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in the coronary artery with chronic total occlusion (CTO) are known as indirect indicators of myocardial ischemia. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of CCC quality on PoAF in patients with right coronary artery (RCA) total occlusion who underwent CABG operation. Methods: Patients who underwent isolated CABG operation between May 15, 2016 and June 15, 2020 and had RCA CTO were included in the study retrospectively. The patients were recorded as Group 1 who developed PoAF in the postoperative period and Group 2 who did not. Results: A total of 99 patients were included in the study. Those who develop PoAF were determined as Group 1 (n = 32, mean age = 66.9 ± 11 years), and those who did not were determined as Group 2 (n = 67, mean age = 54.4 ± 12.8, years). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypelipidemia and chronic obstuctive pulmonary disease rates. In multivariate analysis, being over 70 years old (OR: 1.396, 95% CI: 1.080-2.190, p = 0.007), poor CCC (OR: 1.090, 95% CI: 1.045-1.338, p = 0.014) and left atrial diamater (OR: 0.557, 95% CI: 0.471-0.783, p = 0.032) were determined as independent predictors of development of PoAF. Conclusions: In this current study, we demonstrated that low CCC quality increases the risk of POAF in patients with right coronary CTO. CCC quality can be used as an evaluation parameter in identifying groups at risk for PoAF in these special patient groups.


Three beam structures are designed and the dynamical simulation of the various projects is done based on MSC Adams. From the aspects of the dynamic performance, the capacity of anti-vibration and the technical nature, a comparison analysis is made. The analysis can confirm the project of the optimizing design and afford the basic data for the advance of the system accuracy and speed.


In this study we examined the social interactions older persons have with their children, spouses, and/ or friends, the perceived emotional closeness present in these social relation-ships and the extent to which these relationships influence feelings of loneliness. It was revealed that those who were married with no children or friends experienced the greatest loneliness, and that the emotional closeness experienced within social relationships may not be as important in understanding loneliness as is the simple existence of these relationships.


Using the historical Beijing"7.21"extreme precipitation event as an example,the six ensemble schemes(the initial condition(IC),multi-physics(MULTI),3 stochastic physics as well as a combination of IC and stochastic-physics(COM)were compared in the following three aspects of heavy precipitation forecasts:the performance of ensemble means,ensemble ranges and probabilities with respect to the control forecast,characteristics of ensemble spreads,and spread-forecast error relations.The results show that:(1)In spite of the existence of large systematic forecast error,all the ensembles,especially the IC,MULTI and COM,are able to noticeably improve torrential-rain prediction over the control forecast in both intensity and location,and provide more complete information including the forecast uncertainty for users to make a better decision.(2)Forecast spreads of the three stochastic physics ensembles are similar to each other,generally much less than those of the IC and MULTI ensembles and mainly concentrated near the center of the severe rainfall area.As a result,the ensemble spread is enhanced in the vicinity of the severe precipitation area but little is changed elsewhere after stochastic physics is employed in addition to IC perturbations,which leads to virtually no improvement to the overall spread over a larger domain comparing to that of the IC ensemble.By decomposing spread over the spatial scales,it further shows that the forecast diversity contributed by the stochastic physics is mainly in the smaller-scale(320 km,it could reach to a similar level to those by the IC and MULTI ensembles at scale 160 km),while the contribution from the IC and MULTI perturbations to spread could extend another400-500 km reaching to larger scales such as 1000 km;at smaller scales( 500 km),multi-physics technique could produce larger precipitation spread than IC perturbation does,another advantage of multi-physics approach over other approaches is that it could partially reduce forecast bias.And,(3)the spread spectrum is similar to the forecast error spectrum over spatial scales for all the ensembles,i.e.,decreasing with the increase of the spatial scale.However,the magnitude of the spread spectrum is smaller than that of the forecast error spectrum(indicating under-dispersion),this departure increases rapidly with the decrease of spatial scale and becomes large over the small scales.


Standard radiative source are monitored by a system containing several detectors. When a source moved out from the monitored area, the counting rates of the system will be changed, and the position and radiation intensity of the source can be estimated by the counting rates variations.


Abstract : Atmospheric effects on commercial and military air platforms are of concern and must be considered for flight planning or military mission execution. Atmospheric models exist that can forecast adverse weather, thus mitigating the impacts on operations. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is a numerical weather prediction system designed for operational forecasting and atmospheric research. This report examined WRF model output and investigated any potential value-added for higher-resolution model grids using statistical methods. As a supplement to a Phase 1 of analyses conducted by the lead author of this report, Phase 2 examines additional atmospheric variables beyond surface temperature and then performs a location-based analysis to assess model performance. The model performs best for surface temperature and upper-level winds. Surface temperature was selected as the primary variable for this study. The analysis separated the observation station data into three categories: Valleys, Plains, and Mountains. Results showed significant improvement of correlation coefficients when compared to the Phase 1 effort, but the higher-resolution 1-km results showed little improvement compared to the lower-resolution 3-km model results, suggesting that examination of more data is in order.


It is a difficult problem for the maneuvering target tracking algorithm to be useful for engineering.On the basis of combining α-βfilter and δ-efilter to track maneuvering target,in this paper, a new algorithm is presented.It not only overcomes shortcomings of both two filters,but also can be easily manipulated for engineering implementation and a good effect for tracking maneuvering target.Simulation has shown that the method is effective.


ABSTRACT Faith-based health providers are a major component of health services delivery in many developing countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. They receive millions of dollars annually from unilateral and bilateral aid agencies to deliver care. At the same time, they often use conservative interpretations of religious teachings to deny access to essential health care, including reproductive health care and HIV/AIDS prevention services. How can we balance the presence of faith-based providers against the rights and needs of women and other vulnerable populations to receive the care they need?


Crit Care Med 2015 • Volume 43 • Number 12 (Suppl.) better optimisation of hemodynamics/SVRi in severe sepsis as CPB is the force the heart contracts against. Methods: Validation of the device against gold standard direct aortic pressure measurement was undertaken. All children (<18 yr) undergoing cardiac catheterisation with anticipated central aortic cannulation were approached and consented May-July 2015, when research team available, irrespective of underlying cadiac defects. Simultaneous repeated measurements of direct aortic pressures and peripheral BP+ derived CBP were performed and recorded. Results: 11 patients, total 44 simultaneous cath lab and BP+ central blood pressure measurements. Mean age 6yr, SD 5.8yr, range 0.6–15.5yr. In infants (n=8), mean cSBP and cDBP were both significantly higher when measured with BP+ as compared with cath lab measurements, 171(±26.87) vs 76.5(±0.7), p=0.03 and 96(±12.72) vs 29(±2.82), p=0.02 respectively. In other age groups, the difference in the measurements for both mean SBP and mean DBP (BP+ and cath lab) were not statistically significant; 1-3yr age group(n=16): cSBP 88.25(±10.29) vs 95.75(±15.94), [p=0.46], cDBP 45.5(±10.75) vs 46.5(±4.35), [p=0.80]; 3-12yr group (n=8): cSBP 77.5(±3.5) vs 78(±11.31), [p=0.96], cDBP 41(±9.89) vs 41.5(±10.6), [p=0.5] and 12-18yr group (n=12): cSBP 77.33(±6) vs 79.33(±4.6) [p=0.67], cDBP 41.67(±4.73) vs 49.67(±4.62) [p=0.1]. Mean cSBP(±SD) and DBP(±SD) are in mmHg. Conclusions: Our preliminary observation supports use of this device in children and teenagers, but suggests caution in infants and further work on the algorithm in this population is recommended. However, use in septic shock is now planned.


The influence of phase composition and structure parameters on the magnetic properties of rapidly quenched nanocrystalline Nd-low Nd-Fe-B alloy was studied. Thermomagnetic behavior of Nd 4.5 Fe 77 B 18.5 alloy was observed by measurement of thermomagnetic curves (TM) in temperature interval 20–800 o C. Phase composition and crystallite size of the investigated alloy in optimized magnetic state and after TM were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The determined mean grain size in optimal magnetic state, both by XRD and TEM analysis was below 30 nm, and the nanocomposite structure consisted of Fe 3 B/Nd 2 Fe 14 B and partly of α-Fe. Based on determined increase of the amount of main decomposition product α-Fe and presence of Nd 2 O 3 and number of different Fe-B phases as well as increase of mean grain size after the TM, it can be assumed that these are the main reasons for the quality loss of hard magnetic properties 1. INTRODUCTION The Nd-Fe-B alloys with reduced Nd content have the multiphase microstructure. Beside the main hard magnetic phase Nd 2 Fe 14 B, soft magnetic phases with high saturation α-Fe and/or Fe 3 B phase exist, as well as whole set of phases of Fe-B type. An optimum magnetic microstructure consists of a homogenous dispersion of a hard phase in a soft phase [1]. The mean grain sizes of the Nd 2 Fe 14 B, Fe 3 B or α-Fe phases are ultra fine (< 40 nm) [2]. Formed nanocomposites Fe 3 B/Nd 2 Fe 14 B and α-Fe/Nd 2 Fe 14 B in alloys with reduced amount of Nd are characterized by the presence of intergranular interaction of ferromagnetic exchange coupling which is directly responsible for the increase of remanence and consequently the increase of magnetic energy [3,4]. It is known that magnetic properties of nanocomposite Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic materials are very sensitive to grain size and phase composition, since the exchange coupling effect is sensitive function of grain size. Increase in grain size would generally result in decrease of remanence enhancement [5]. The scope of the presented investigations is to study the changes of magnetic properties of nanocomposite Nd 4.5 Fe 77 BB 18.5 alloy induced by the thermomagnetic measurements by comparing the experimentally determined phase composition, crystallite sizes and magnetic properties in the optimized magnetic state and after TM.


From the Publisher:
Readers learn everything from digital image input to image manipulation and output with Essentials of Digital Photography, the complete workbook and tutorial that teaches the fundamentals of using digital tools and techniques with photographs. Written by an expert author team with experience in computer art, photography, multimedia design and writing, this book is an essential guide for photographers and graphics professionals.
Use photographs to create stunning imagery
Master digital prepress technology and skills
CD-ROM contains prepress and digital darkroom utilities, demonstration software and tutorial files and images


【Objective】 To assess the imaging quality in different methods of rapid bowel preparation for intravenous urography(IVU).【Methods】 One hundred and forty-two patients were prepared for IVU,which divided into 4 groups,group A was to take orally mannitol before IVU,group B was to take orally mannitol and simethicone emulsion,group C was to take orally polyethylene glycol,group D was to take orally polyethylene glycol and simethicone emulsion.After the patients carried out the IVU with 4 methods for bowel preparation,evaluation of defecation and the image quality of X-ray film were analyzed.【Results】 The rate of sketch maps diarrhea in group D and C were about 83.0%(39/47),66.7%(16/24)respectively,which was better than that in group A and group B(P0.05).The image quality of X-ray film in group D and C was better than that in group A and group B as well(P0.05).And group D showed the best image quality of X-ray film among 4 groups.【Conclusion】 Taking orally polyethylene glycol and simethicone emulsion,is an effective rapid bowel preparation before intravenous urography.


Abstract Since 25 September 2022, the International Younger Chemists Network (IYCN) and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) are jointly organizing the Global Conversation on Sustainability (GCS, https://www.gcs-day.org) in an annual fashion. This day has been chosen because it marks the anniversary of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) [1].


Combining with one project case,it introduces application of the steel reinforced concrete beam construction technology in the project,concretely discusses on the basic requirements of the steel reinforced concrete beam construction material,construction content,template construction scheme and checking,and the construction attention points,so as to reach aim of guiding practice.


SUMMARY

The growth of bulb components and carbohydrate content of Narcissus bulbs was followed during storage at 5–30 oC, and the productivity of twin-scale propagules cut from bulbs after these storage treatments was studied. Growth of daughter bulb unit components was greatest during storage at 9–15 oC, and greatly inhibited at 30 oC. Concentrations of soluble sugars were highest following 30 oC storage, and higher in intermediate bulb scales than in outer or inner scales. Bulbil production on twin-scales was greatest on propagules cut from the intermediate scales, and in bulbs previously stored at 15 or 30 oC.


Laser fuze is used to measure and control warhead's burst height for ballistic missile. According to some characteristics, a kind of height finding algorithm suitable for ballistic missile's laser fuze is designed. The characteristics are as follows:laser has good direction bearing and its energy is concentrated, laser fuze has special fixing location and manner on the warhead. The algorihm is simple, useful, easy to be realized, and provides an important reference for successful application laser fuze on ballistic missile.


We report on the experimental characterization of the room-temperature organic ferroelectric croconic acid using neutron and X-ray diffraction, as well as optical and neutron spectroscopy. The crystallographic and spectroscopic neutron data provide detailed information on the location and underlying vibrational motions of the hydrogen atoms and allow the unambiguous identification of two distinct types of hydrogen-bonding motifs within the crystal structure. The experimental data are also used to assess a series of first-principles models of this material within the framework of density functional theory. The inclusion of non-local van der Waals interactions within the generalized-gradient approximation proves essential to provide a self-consistent picture of the observed optical response in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, the crystal structure, and the main vibrational features associated with intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions in this single-component organic solid.


Based on the criteria for minimum loss of opportunity,this paper proposed a new combination evaluation method,combined evaluation of the minimum loss of opportunity.For the issue of determining weights,the result of each single evaluation method was dealt with by using the principle of minimum loss of opportunity.Based on the theory which was about the smallest gap between the combination's opportunity loss value and the minimum opportunity loss value,the model was built to derive the weights to compose the single evaluation method.Such method not only overcame the consistency problem of the results of a single evaluation method,but also reduced as far as possible the risking loss opportunity of the lost of its highest ranking of each scheme.Finally,an example shows that the combined evaluation method is effective.


Landmark Resort in Myrtle Beach is the perfect place for golfers who are looking to take a golf trip to Myrtle Beach.


The way to fabricate novel morph-genetic functional materials based on nature bio-structures is reviewed. We present the idea and methods of obtaining multi-scale porous materials by using wood, agricultural wastes and butterfly wing scales as bio-templates.


Robot control system considers various requirements. Firstly, it needs adaptation for unpredictable and dynamic environment. Secondly, it needs way to make do not injurious action to human because live with a person. Thirdly, it needs processing about aim of robots. In this paper proposed that these requirements effective robot control architecture. Robot control architecture can divide Deliberative, Reactive, Hybrid. Recently, robot control architecture that come Deliberative and use hybrid architecture that apply advantage of Reactive architecture is studied much. Hybrid control purpose to combine the real-time response of Reactive with the rationality of Deliberative. Our purpose is enhancement of hybrid architecture that is studied in these days. Proposed architecture that applied human's nervous system can reduce relativity between each module of existent architecture and drive response speed guarantee and safe robot action.


Silver's low resistivity, high conductivity, and low loss in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) regions makes it perfect for many optoelectronic applications. However, pure silver deposited on a dielectric substrate is unstable, rough, and requires a thick layer to form a continuous film. Aluminum (Al)-doped silver has been shown to circumvent these issues and provide an ultrathin and low loss film with sub-nanometer roughness. This makes Al-doped silver (Ag) a viable alternative to indium tin oxide (ITO) as a flexible transparent conductor. With the benefits of Al-doped Ag known, the purpose of this project was to co-sputter other metals with Ag and observe the results. The roughness, resistivity, and optical properties of these different doped Ag films were measured and a comparison study was performed to compare their properties to that of Al-doped Ag.


lines of von Balthasare systematic theology and ethical thought In so doing, they have contributed to making his insights into specialized forms of theology more accessible to those engaged in theological and pastoral work These insights are enormously valuable and often properly critical, though by no means dismissive of the seriousness of the issues Mongram and Steck have achieved all this while upholding and underlining von Balthasare profound insights into the Tn-unity of God and the breaking into human history of God-m-Jesus Christ They have succeeded in these tasks most convincingly, despite the inherent difficulty of conveying into the English language von Balthasare academic German Their books invite one to read at least part of von Balthasare work, most of which is now available in English translation Both books are thematically well organized The footnotes and citations are first-rate I commend both these books to the serious student of theology


For the first time a comparative analysis of the abundance and biodiversity actinomycetes complexes isolated from the living ants Lasius niger and Formica cunicularia, as well as of material anthills, was conducted. The number of actinomycetes detected in ants L. niger, close to a number of actinomycetes in their anthill, which is much higher than those for F. cunicularia. Actinomycetes community of anthills and intact soil are of high diversity, equitability, without severe dominants, the presence of common species. Biodiversity of actinomycetes associated with live ants is significantly below, and a set of actinomycetes are specific for each species of ants.


To investigate the reorganization of the central nervous system provided by resting state‐functional MRI (rs‐fMRI), graph‐theoretical analysis, and a newly developed functional brain network disruption index in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.


The present invention relates to a method for the presence of blood in a subject a disease marker analyte. Said method comprising the steps of: a) extracting nucleic acid from a blood sample of said non-nucleated blood cells to provide a non-nucleated blood cells extracted from a nucleic acid fragment, and b) analyzing the presence of said extracted nucleic acid fragment nucleated blood cells in a disease marker , wherein the disease marker is subject to the disease-specific mutations in cells, or wherein the disease marker is cell specific gene expression profile of the subject's disease.


In low-frequency, high-speed synthetic aperture sonar (SAS), the range pulse compression is affected by the time-scale factor and Doppler shift. This paper starts with the one- dimensional model, and analyzes the pulse compression of the large time-bandwidth linear chirp signal with Doppler shift. The three pulse compression methods are compared and analyzed. According to the peak offset, the main lobe broadening and the phase errors, the scopes of application of different pulse compression methods are given, which lays a theoretical foundation for the low-frequency and high-speed SAS imaging algorithm research.


We studied the purification and enzymatic characteristics of lipase excreted from a wild bacterial strain,and the results showed that the lipase was purified to homogeneity by(NH4)2SO4 precipitation and gel filtration with Sephadex G-75 as medium.The molecular weight of the lipase was 29.5 ku by SDS-PAGE.The optimal temperature and pH value were 40℃ and 8.0,respectively.In addition,the lipase had good stabilization of temperature and pH value.


Small digital camera modules such as those in mobile phones have become ubiquitous. Their low-light performance is of utmost importance since a high percentage of images are made under low lighting conditions where image quality failure may occur due to blur, noise, and/or underexposure. These modes of image degradation are not mutually exclusive: they share common roots in the physics of the imager, the constraints of image processing, and the general trade-off situations in camera design. A comprehensive analysis of failure modes is needed in order to understand how their interactions affect overall image quality. Low-light performance is reported for DSLR, point-and-shoot, and mobile phone cameras. The measurements target blur, noise, and exposure error. Image sharpness is evaluated from three different physical measurements: static spatial frequency response, handheld motion blur, and statistical information loss due to image processing. Visual metrics for sharpness, graininess, and brightness are calculated from the physical measurements, and displayed as orthogonal image quality metrics to illustrate the relative magnitude of image quality degradation as a function of subject illumination. The impact of each of the three sharpness measurements on overall sharpness quality is displayed for different light levels. The power spectrum of the statistical information target is a good representation of natural scenes, thus providing a defined input signal for the measurement of power-spectrum based signal-to-noise ratio to characterize overall imaging performance.


This study aimed to determine the results of INR monitoring in patients on vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) and the time in therapeutic range (TTR) in 'real‐world' settings.


In article gives the analysis of teachers activity rating system application in the Penza State University of Architecture and Construction.


We have developed the fabrication process, the circuit design technology, and the cryopackaging technology for high-T c single flux quantum (SFQ) devices with the aim of application to an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter circuit for future wireless communication and a sampler system for high-speed measurements. Reproducibility of fabricating rampedge Josephson junctions with I c R n products above 1 mV at 40 K and small I c spreads on a superconducting groundplane was much improved by employing smooth multilayer structures and optimizing the junction fabrication process. The separated base-electrode layout (SBL) method that suppresses the J c spread for interface-modified junctions in circuits was developed. This method enabled low-frequency logic operations of various elementary SFQ circuits with relatively wide bias current margins and operation of a toggle-flip-flop (T-FF) above 200 GHz at 40 K. Operation of a 1:2 demultiplexer, one of main elements of a hybrid-type Σ-△ A/D converter circuit, was also demonstrated. We developed a sampler system in which a sampler circuit with a potential bandwidth over 100 GHz was cooled by a compact stirling cooler, and waveform observation experiments confirmed the actual system bandwidth well over 50 GHz.


The relevance of the problem under study is due to an increase in gynecological morbidity rates, especially an increase in salpingo-oophoritis, characterized by a chronic course, frequent recurrence, severity of consequences and significant impairment of specific functions with persistent disability in young women of reproductive age.


The aim of this research and development is to produce the Flop Style High Jump learning model for junior high school students. This research uses research development (R D) research methods from Borg and Gall. The subjects in this research and development are Jakarta Junior High School students, which consist of 20 limited testing students (small group trials), 40 main trial athletes (field testing) and 50 Test effectiveness models.The stages in this study were: (1) needs analysis, (2) model development planning, (3) expert judgement, (4) limited testing (small group trials), (5) main trials (large group / field trials), (6) effectiveness testing. Effectiveness testing using the High Jump Style Flop motion assessment test to determine the level of high jump ability in the flop style of junior high school students, before and after the treatment of the flop style high jump learning model. From the preliminary tests performed, the average flop style jump learning average was 42.47, then after being given treatment in the form of a flop style high jump learning model, the flop style high jump level was 83.75. Then the flop style high jump learning model is effective in improving flop style high jump learning for junior high school students.Based on the results of the development, from the results of field trials and discussion of research results it can be concluded that: 1) With this flop style high jump learning model, students can learn and carry out learning effectively and efficiently. 2) With the flop style high jump learning model material that researchers have developed, students can understand theory material and high jump practice quickly and correctly.


1 responses of Kosmotoga olearia, a deep-biosphere bacterium that can 2 grow from 20oC to 79oC 3 Stephen M. J. Pollo, Abigail A. Adebusuyi, Timothy J. Straub, Julia M. Foght, Olga 4 Zhaxybayeva and Camilla L. Nesbø 5 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 6 Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA 7 Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA 8 Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, 9 Norway 10 * Correspondence: 11 Corresponding Author 12 email@example.com 13 Current address: Centre for Research & Innovation, Grande Prairie Regional College, Grande 14 Prairie, AB 15


On 17 December 1551 on the grounds of alleged treason, soldiers of Chief Sergeant Sforza Pallavicini and Giovanni Battista Castaldo, the head of Ferdinand I's army, killed the Pauline monk, Archbishop of Esztergom, and Voivode and Governor of Transylvania, Primate Gyorgy Frater (Martinuzzi/ Utyaszenich) in his castle at Alvinc. It all happened after the monarch himself had recommended Frater, one of the most prestigious politicians of the contemporary Kingdom of Hungary, for the red hat to Pope Julius III. This controversial act created a stir throughout the Christian world, and it had an effect on not only the subsequent history of the Kingdom of Hungary, but also on the relations between the Habsburgs and the papacy, as Ferdinand I was only temporarily absolved from excommunication. Regarding the murder, an investigation was launched headed by Nuncio Girolamo Martinengo, during which 139 statements were recorded and numerous letters and letter extracts were collected, which form a unique source collection on the relations between Hungary, the Habsburg Empire and the papacy. As well, they provide the opportunity to explore not only the life of Frater, but also Hungary's contemporary internal politics, its relations with the Habsburgs and the Ottoman Empire, the informational channels, and finally the subjects' farming methods. The investigation was closed in 1555 with the final exoneration of Ferdinand and his soldiers. The paper introduces the reasons for the assassination, the death of Gyorgy Frater and the ensuing investigation of the Holy See.


Vocational Colleges' teaching evaluation is one of the effective ways to promote the sustainable development of vocational colleges.Based on the analysis of significance of vocational colleges' evaluation,this article analyzes the evaluation system,elements and problems existing in evaluation.A series of related countermeasures for improving evaluation are presented.


By analyzing the property of the traditional electro-acupuncture apparatus and the exiting problem in clinical and experience,and basing on the characteristic of traditional acupuncture therapeutic,we advance the conception of "single-acupoint Electro-acupuncture apparatus" and "single-acupoint electro-acupuncture therapeutics",and design the draft of single-acupoint Electro-acupuncture apparatus and develop its therapeutics.so it is significant to set up a new electro-acupuncture therapeutics which is provided with the traditional acupuncture feature.


The pharmacokinetics of bepridil and 2 of its major metabolites (McN‐A‐2600 and McN‐6303) were studied in 6 patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) before and after hemodialysis. Patients underwent dialysis 1 day after a single oral 200‐mg dose of bepridil hydrochloride; blood was sampled for up to 7 days. The mean (±SD) peak plasma concentration, time of peak concentration, and area under the plasma concentration‐time curve (0–168 hours) for each agent were as follows: bepridil, 806 ± 321 ng/mL, 2.6 ± 1.6 hours, 4.87 ± 1.21 μg h/mL; McN‐A‐2600, 57 ± 16 ng/mL, 4.2 ± 2.0 hours, 0.53 ± 0.29 μg h/mL; McN‐6303, 284 ± 120 ng/mL, 4.7 ± 1.5 hours, 4.06 ± 1.11 μg h h/mL. The bepridil area under the curve corrected for dose was similar to that in healthy volunteers, suggesting that plasma clearance was unaffected by severe renal impairment. None of the compounds were removed by dialysis, and no rebound in plasma concentrations was observed after the end of dialysis. The disposition of bepridil appears to be unchanged in patients with ESRD; and is unaffected by hemodialysis. Thus, no dosage adjustment will be required for ESRD patients and those receiving hemodialysis with cuprophane filters.


The lower mantle of the Earth extends from about 670 km to 2980 km and consists mainly of MgSiO3-perovskite (~ 75 vol%), (Mg,Fe)O magnesiowustite (~ 20 vol%) and CaSiO3-perovskite
 (~ 5 vol%). It is possible to calculate thermodynamic properties, structures and energetics of the individual minerals at extreme conditions of the mantle using ab initio methods, such as
 density functional theory. To obtain a more realistic picture of the lower mantle it is necessary to not only investigate chemically pure minerals, but to consider minerals as solid
 solutions, as they are in nature. The density functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and the projector augmented wave (PAW) method, as implemented in the VASP
 code, was used to calculate the structure and stability of CaSiO3 perovskite in the pressure range of the Earth's mantle (0-150 GPa), no post-perovskite structure has been found [1]. Here we
 focus on the two perovskite solvus. We use a subregular solid solution model together with point defect calculations to model the solvus at different pressures in the lower mantle regime.
 Additionally, the effect of the different symmetries ( Pbnm and I4/ mmm) of the perovskites has to be included. This is important especially for the Ca-perovskite, since the energy
 differences of the two phases are very small and thus likely to have an influence on the solvus. We investigated the solvus at different pressures of the lower mantle. At pressures and
 temperatures of the lower mantle, the solvus in the (Ca,Mg)SiO3 system remains wide open and solubilities of Ca in Mg-perovskite and Mg in Ca-perovskite low. From these results in the simple
 system it is highly unlikely that Ca-perovskite will disappear (i.e. fully dissolve in Mg-perovskite) with depths in the lower mantle. Information of the solubility of Ca in MgSiO3 in more
 complex systems will elucidate the mineralogical composition of the lower mantle of the Earth. This is the first work to treat this subject with ab initio methods. Presently, calculations on
 the Ca-Mg-perovskite solvus with aluminium impurities are in progress.


There is increasing focus on foresight exercises as a tool in public governance of research and industrial innovation systems. Technology foresight has in recent years been carried out at the European level as well as in many individual countries e.g. Austria, France, UK, The Netherlands, Greece, and the Czech Republic. Technology foresight can be defined as systematic analysis and discussion about possible technology futures. The activities are in many cases set up as an input to research and technology policy and prioritisation, often with close connections to industrial policy and innovation policy. Apart from governmental institutions, innovation and engineering supporting institutions e.g. associations of engineers in Germany, Sweden, and Denmark have engaged in establishing technology foresight activities. Also people in the fields of technology studies and technology assessment are discussing technology foresight at present.


Nonylphenol is one of endocrine disrupter chemicals of very high concern.Since nonylphenol can be used as plasticizer,its residue in plastic food contact materials may occurred and caused impact on the health of consumers.Based on the basic procedures of risk assessment,combined with the testing results of nonylphenol migration from the commercial plastic food contact materials,the risk of nonylphenol was evaluated.The results had shown a certain degree of risk and some management methods must be taken.


The invention relates to a method for controlling the operation of a hybrid vehicle with an electric machine and an internal combustion engine, wherein the electric machine acts as a first drive engine to a first drive axis, and the engine is connected to the transmission input side of an automatic transmission and as a second drive motor to a second drive axle acts, and wherein the vehicle is propelled in the electric drive mode via the electric machine and not on the internal combustion engine. According to the invention is influenced, the engine speed of the internal combustion engine or the synchronous rotational speed during a starting of the vehicle in the electric drive mode.


a. Each group will present its research-based instructional strategy in an engaging manner (2030 minutes). Each group will prepare a complete lesson plan, based on—and using--the first six (six) steps of the clinical/target teaching (Direct Instruction) model described in class and in Slavin's text (Chapter 7). Your lesson will provide research and theory on the strategies in your chapter, its guiding principles. It will highlight important components of each strategy you present (not all of them need to be highlighted), and instructional ideas for when best to use each strategy.


Purpose Defined differentiation of functional RPE cells from human embryonic (hESC) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) is a prerequisite for their use in individualised disease modelling, drug discovery and transplantation for retinal diseases. In this study we report differentiation of RPE cells from hESC and iPSC in condition enabling easy translation to clinical quality cell production.


The quantification of extreme floods and associated return periods remains to be a challenge for flood hazard management and is particularly important for applications where the full hydrograph shape is required (e.g., for reservoir management). One way of deriving such estimates is by employing a comprehensive hydrological simulation framework, including a weather generator, to simulate a large set of flood hydrographs. In such a setting, the estimation uncertainties originate from the hydrological model, but also from the climate variability. While the uncertainty from the hydrological model can be described with common methods of uncertainty estimation in hydrology (in particular related to model parameters), the uncertainties from climate variability can only be represented with repeated realizations of meteorological scenarios. These scenarios can be generated with the help of the selected weather generator(s), which are capable of providing numerous and continuous long time series. Such generated meteorological scenarios are then used as input for a hydrological model to simulate a large sample of extreme floods, from which return periods can be computed based on ranking.

In such a simulation framework, many thousands of possible combinations of meteorological scenarios and of hydrological model parameter sets may be generated. However, these simulations are required at a high temporal resolution (hourly), needed for the simulation of extreme floods and for determining infrequent floods of a return period equal to or lower than 1000 years. Accordingly, due to computational constraints related to any hydrological model, one often needs to preselect meteorological scenarios and representative model parameter sets to be used within the simulation framework. Thus, some kind of an intelligent parameter selection for deriving the uncertainty ranges of extreme model simulations for such rare events would be very beneficial but is currently missing.

Here we present results from an experimental study where we tested three different methods of selecting a small number of representative parameter sets for a Swiss catchment. We used 100 realizations of 100 years of synthetic precipitation-streamflow data. We particularly explored the reliability of the extreme flood uncertainty intervals derived from the reduced parameter set ensemble (consisting of only three representative parameter sets) compared to the full range of 100 parameter sets available. Our results demonstrated that the proposed methods are efficient for deriving uncertainty intervals for extreme floods. These findings are promising for the simulation of extreme floods in comparable simulation frameworks for hydrological risk assessment.


In the ethylene dimerization process, the reactor effluent contains a homogenous Ti-based catalyst system that is contacted with an amine-type inhibitor to deactivate the catalyst. For the improved catalysts with high activity and selectivity, the kind of amine and its amount have great importance to completely deactivate it in the previously mentioned stream and hence prevent the polymerization reaction and fouling formation in the downstream heat exchangers of the process. In the present study through simulation of the effluent conditions of the industrial 1-butene reactor in a 1-L laboratory reactor of BA¼chi type, the effects of temperature and molar ratio of cyclohexylamine (CHA) as the catalyst deactivator to modified catalyst on weight of polymer (WPE (mg)) and weight percentage of oligomer (OL (wt. %)) were investigated. The results showed that the increase of temperature from 86 A°C to 98 A°C resulted in the remarkable increase of WPE and slight increase of OL (wt. %). For the [CHA/modified catalyst] molar ratio, the optimum value to achieve both minimum WPE and OL (wt. %) was 1. Increasing this molar ratio to 1.5 led to a noticeable increase of WPE. A further increase of the [CHA/modified catalyst] molar ratio resulted in the decrease of WPE. However, with increase of this molar ratio from 1 to 3, OL (wt. %) was continuously increased. In addition, we performed the studies using 1H-NMR spectrum for better understanding of the steric coordinative interaction of CHA over the titanium center of the catalytic system.


Disclosed is a process for producing a coated article having excellent corrosion resistance, wherein the coated article is produced by coating the surface of a base material for the article with a hard coating film composed of at least two layers by a physical deposition method. The process comprises a step of coating the surface of the base material with a first hard coating film and a step of coating the surface of the first hard coating film with a second hard coating film. The process additionally comprises, prior to the step of coating with the second hard coating film, a step of polishing the surface of the first hard coating film until the calculated average roughness (Ra) becomes 0.05 μm or less and the largest height (Rz) becomes 1.00 μm or less.


In article deals with the current language situation in the territory of Mexico from the point of view of the regional dialect zones. The main lines of the Mexican national variety of Spanish are touch upon, as well as features which are shown at various language levels as a result of influence of extra-linguistic factors are mentioned: cultural, social, territorial (spatial), temporary (historical), substrate, etc.


Inadequate folate has been associated with increased DNA damage and cancer outcomes. We studied the influence of interactions between circulating serum folate levels and five tagging SNPs in the XRCC3 DNA repair gene, on overall survival after breast cancer diagnosis. Participants were post‐menopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer (n = 479) between 1994 – 1995. The Illumina BeadLab 1000 SNP genotyping system was used for genotyping. Serum folate was measured by isotope‐dilution LC/MS/MS. In the separate Cox proportional multivariate hazards models [controlled for disease stage, age at diagnosis, body mass index (BMI), parity, ER/PR status, alcohol use, vitamin use and energy intake], we found that the rs861531 XRCC3 loci was significantly (p = 0.03; HR: 1.64, CI: 1.1 – 2.5) associated with a 65% increased risk of dying. Compared to the models with the dietary biomarker and the XRCC3 loci alone, the hazards ratio for the model with both the dietary biomarker (p = 0.09; HR: 0.53, CI: 0.25 – 1.1) and the rs861531 loci (p = 0.03; HR: 1.65, CI:1.1 – 2.6) were not substantially influenced. These data suggest that circulating folate levels and XRCC3 polymorphic variant rs861531 have independent effects on overall survival after breast cancer diagnosis, with increased folate concentrations improving overall survival, while the recessive allele for rs861531 reducing overall survival after breast cancer diagnosis. Supported by NCI grant K07 CA101964


This seems to be the situation with respect to informal work experiences which have no direct connection with a formally organized program of cooperative work experience. Yet a few secondary schools have come to recognize the values of such informal experiences in the pattern of learning of every high-school boy and girl and have made positive plans and followed aggressive courses of action for the inclusion of these experiences in the pattern which they offer. Typical of these schools is Appalachian High School at Boone, North Carolina. Work experience is the experience which students have when they engage in any activity that results in the production of goods or services and which represents a task that needs to be done. With respect to the absence of the "made work" or "artificially contrived activity" aspect of this experience, we should recognize that the informal work experience results in production of goods or services which are actually needed quite as much as does formally organized work experi-


PURPOSE: A partial plating apparatus and method using a laser are provided to conveniently form various plating patterns by employing a laser device including a spot size varying module, a focus varying module, and a laser energy equalizing unit. CONSTITUTION: A partial plating apparatus using a laser comprises a laser beam irradiating part(106) and a transfer unit. The laser beam irradiating part contains plating liquid in which a work piece is dipped and irradiates laser beam in the set pattern on the plated surface of the work piece. The transfer unit transfers the work piece to pass through the laser beam irradiating part. The reaction parameter of the work piece or the plating liquid is less than the reaction start critical value. One or more of reaction parameters on the part of the work piece, which is irradiated with laser beam, are over than the reaction start critical value.


A study of gellan has been made using the technique of photon correlation spectroscopy. It has been confirmed that gellan gels are largely stationary at a molecular level like other polysaccharide gels and quite unlike the gels of flexible polymers such as polyacrylamide. Solution‐gel transitions of deacetylated gellan in 0.025MNaCl have been studied both as a function of concentration and temperature, and the results compared with those of a parallel investigation of agarose. The interstitial spaces within gellan gels have also been studied by measuring the diffusion coefficients of dextran fractions within the gels. Since all gels are nonergodic systems, the theory of dynamic light scattering from such systems is discussed insofar as it affects the present work.


Using the Current Population Survey, this paper analyzes the labor supply behavior of married couples using a simple life-cycle model. Estimates of the effect of wage changes and additional children on labor supply are provided for the beginning and end of a recent twenty-year period. The results suggest that the labor supply response of married men and women to wage changes and the presence of additional children have changed little over the period examined. These results are inconsistent with recent perceptions, and the findings from time use studies that imply a greater sharing of household production among married couples.


The invention discloses a method and a system for realizing virtual image interactive interface on a phone set terminal, which is characterized by building an interactive interface displayed by two-dimensional or three-dimensional virtual images and operating on the phone set terminal. Virtual images have various image characteristics and behaviour characteristics, users can interact with virtual images, users can use various phone set functions, application and service under the guidance of the virtual images, and users can instantly message with other users by the virtual image interactive interface. The invention can ensure that phone set users can use phone sets in a natural, convenient and interesting mode. The system has the characteristics of individuation, intellectualization, interactivity and interestingness.


This study reports the results of a survey of the Korean public's attitude towards and recognition of accounting information after the economic crisis. This study also demonstrates that the majority of Koreans do not trust the Korean political, economic, social, cultural and business environment, and Koreans blame companies for the current Korean accounting fraud and misconduct. Koreans have a negative attitude towards the internal accounting environment, including accounting systems, standards and purposes. The result of this study indicates the establishment and enforcement of accounting ethics and philosophy would be one solution to this dilemma and the right direction for Korean accounting reform.


The article considers the materials ethno-sociological study conducted in March 2011. Peculiarities of the influence of religion on the processes of adaptation, integration (disintegration) of the citizens-immigrants in the Republic of North Ossetia Alania. Special attention is paid to the factors poly-ethnic and poly-religious population of the Republic of North Ossetia Alania.


This present study aimed at describing the students' perception towards Madurese traditional culinary based teaching materials of English in higher education level in Sumenep Madura. This is a survey research which is triangulated with three instruments used in collecting data namely: observation field notes, questionnaire, and interview. The result showed that the English learning material which was equipped with Madurese traditional culinary got a positive perception and higher appreciation from the students in terms of materials' attraction, materials' usefulness, materials' difficulty, materials' variety, materials' authenticity, and proportion of the four language skills. Further, the students can happily and enthusiastically join the English language learning. They said that they could recognize the madurese culinary deeper than before. In addition, traditional culinary can be used as the identity that can promote the region to overseas. Moreover, in terms of English language teaching, the traditional culinary can be used as valuable materials which can help to promote and maintain local wisdom.