N UMEROUS investigations have been performed on the dynamic response of aircraft to continuous atmospheric turbulence (gust) by assuming that the turbulence field can be modeled as one, or a number of individually Gaussian and stationary patches. However, the observed statistical properties of atmospheric turbulence encountered by aircraft, especially those with the highest severity and potentially most destructive, are in many cases non-Gaussian. For instance, Ref. 1 deals with the aeronautical effects of surface winds and gusts. Tke investigation revealed that turbulence can rarely be realistically represented by a Gaussian process. This paper describes a non-Gaussian model for continuous atmospheric turbulence based on zero-memory transformation of a Gaussian model. Single or multiple transformation parameters are used to control the severity and other statistical characteristics of the non-Gaussian process. The composite nature of gust patches of various intensity is accounted for through the accumulative statistics. Methods to predict the aircraft response statistics to the non-Gaussian gust model are developed by approximating the response integral as its Riemann sum. Application of the probabilistic theory indicates that the statistical properties of response can be expressed in multifold integral forms and its moments can be expressed in explicit forms.


In sport response to stress will make athlete and the man taking part in exercise to consume too much physical energy. It will result in the relationship stress between them and sport injury, and losing a competition and interest for sport. This paper elaborated cognitive strategies to overcome stress in sport.


Object. The present study was conducted to estimate the frequency and timing of rebleeding after initial subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from ruptured giant aneurysms. Methods. The authors reviewed records of 109 patients who suffered an initial SAH from a giant aneurysm and were treated at the Mayo Clinic between 1973 and 1996. They represented 25% of patients with giant intracranial aneurysms seen at this institution during that 23-year period. Seven of the patients were residents of Rochester, Minnesota, and the rest were referred from other institutions. The aneurysms ranged from 25 to 60 mm in diameter, and 74% were located on arteries of the anterior intracranial circulation. The cumulative frequency of rebleeding at 14 days after admission was 18.4%. Cerebrospinal fluid drainage, cerebral angiography, and delayed aneurysm recurrence were implicated in rebleeding in some of the patients. Rebleeding was not precluded by intraaneurysm thrombosis. Among those who suffered recurrent SAH at the Mayo Clinic...


The Ontology of Militarism: War and Peace as Conditions of Existence in Frida Stéenhoff 's Stridbar ungdom and Elin Wägner's Släkten Jerneploogs framgång
This article claims that Western culture is tinged by an idea of an ontology of militarism. By analyzing how bodies are militarized because of this presumption, and how resistance against that very same presumption is carried out in Frida Stéenhoff 's Stridbar ungdom (1906) and Elin Wägner's Släkten Jerneploogs framgång (1916), this article presents an alternative understanding of the relationship between militarism and peace. Both works problematize and challenge the idea of militarism as a pre-condition for the human being. Finally, utopia, rather than militarism, emerges as indispensable to human beings.


The invention relates to a novel instrument diaphragm valve for an industrial automation control pipeline system, which is mainly used for opening, closing and controlling liquid or gas in instrument pipelines with radioactive or poisonous, flammable and explosive media and the like of various flow rates, differential pressures, pressures, liquid levels and the like in a nuclear island of a nuclear power station. The novel instrument diaphragm valve comprises a valve body, a valve bonnet, valve rods and a valve spool, and is characterized in that a metal diaphragm is arranged at a connected position of an upper opening of the valve body and the valve bonnet, the upper valve rod and the lower valve rod are arranged above the diaphragm and are in rolling connection by the aid of a steel ball, packing seal structures are arranged on the lower valve rod and the upper valve rod respectively, a conical back seal structure is arranged between the lower valve rod and the valve cover, and the lower valve rod pushes the diaphragm and the valve spool to open and close without rotating and rolling. Shielding seal, opening back seal, upper packing seal and lower packing seal of the metal diaphragm are realized as a whole after the valve is closed and opened, so that the valve is safe, reliable, long in service life, easy in opening and closing, applicable to high temperature and high pressure, and wide in use range.


The Raman light scattering was used to determine the recombination velocity S on the surfaces of InP samples treated in chemical etchants of the kind used in the fabrication of device structures. The surface recombination velocity was estimated from the dependence of the photocarrier density n on the excitation power density and n was calculated from the plasmon-phonon frequency ω + . The values of S deduced from the Raman spectra were compared with estimates of the surface recombination velocity obtained by a method based on recording a change in the surface component of the leakage current across a p-n junction in InP after its periphery was treated in the same etchants


This paper presents a technology of automated knowledge extraction from unstructured text corpora by leveraging computer linguistic tools and cross-fertilizing them with the semantic ontologies techniques. In our approach, the quality of information (e.g., in form of OWL ontologies) that is derived by semantic analysis techniques from large domain- specific text corpora can be considerably improved by incorporating linguistic analysis tools that help gain a deeper insight into the grammatical structure of the analysed texts and thus allow the reasoning engines to cover a much wider set of rules and patterns, also positively impacting the performance. The novelty of our approach lies in a possibility of its application to the domains that require a very high quality of the knowledge extraction and analysis, such as reasoning for legacy data collections. We propose a system architecture for the implementation of our approach and illustrate its use on a practical use case for legislative and regulatory information analysis. Keywords-Knowledge Representation; Legal Systems; Ontology; OWL; Big Data; Reasoning; DreamCloud Project.


Purpose: Increased arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of CV morbidity and mortality. It has long been recognized that arterial stiffness is increased in patients with end-stage renal disease. However there are few data about microalbuminuria and arterial stiffness. A recently-proposed parameter called "ambulatory arterial stiffness index" (AASI) is among the simplest methods of evaluating arterial elasticity. We used this method to follow some patients (P) in this study to evaluate the relationship between 24 hours microalbuminuria (MCAB) and AASI. Material and Methods: we studied 66 P with hypertension (HTA) and MCAB superior to 30 mg/24 hrs, who were divided into two groups: Group I: 36 P with MCAB between 30 to 50 mg/24 hrs and Group II: 30 P with more than 50 mg/24 hrs to compare with control Group III of 50 P with similar level of HTA but without MCAB. All of them were submitted to an ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) to evaluate AASI, pulse pressure (PP), and to a standard analysis including 24 hours microalbuminuria. Results of both groups were compared and we found that systolic/diastolic blood pressure in Group I was 162 ± 5/96 ± 4 mmHg compared with 161 ± 7/94 ± 6 mmHg of Group II and 163 ± 8/96 ± 7 of the group III (p = 0.23). AASI was in the Group I of 0.9 ± 0.1*, in Group II of 0.65 ± 0.23* and in Group III 0.3 ± 0.3 (* means p value less than 0.05 with respect to the group III). PP was 58 ± 4 in GroupI, 64 ± 5 in Group II and 53 ± 3 in Group III (p = 0.001 of group III respect to group II and 0.051 respect to Group I). All others parameters were similar in all groups and without significant differences. Conclusions: in this study we have demonstrated that there is a direct relationship between increased MCAB and increased arterial stiffness enhancing cardiovascular risk. We have to take into account this situation when we treat P with MCAB because their risk is not only at renal levels but also at all organic level too. Date of patients:


Beijing Olympic Games has already brought to a happy ending.With the experience of the countries where the majority hosted Olympic Games in history for reference,it compared with the work in earlier stage and middle period of Olympic Games,the work after the Olympic Games has a long-term meaning even more.Especially after the Olympic Games,the continuity on effect of Olympic Games after promoting with the combination of the Olympic Games through travelling,its income will be enormous.With the difference of economic influence to Olympic Games,emphatically through an analysis of positive and negative effects of Olympic Games,and proceding with venue facilities and the sports travel product development,it explained how to extend the Olympic Games effects from the angle of travelling,to make the Olympic Games bring enormous economic benefits for the development of travel in China.


We explore the legislative process in search for some of the alleged consequences of cabinet coalitions in a presidential system. Coalition effects should not be expected in the success of executive initiatives: strategic behavior invalidates this intuitive measure of performance. An alternative measure is the time proposals take to navigate the legislative process. Some problems persist, but thus measured coalition effects are discernible. Event history analysis of the universe of proposals passed in the Uruguayan Parliament between 1985 and 2000 reveals that coalition cuts the wait for an executive bill between 2 and 3 months, one-sixth the average wait. The reverse effect is felt on the duration of legislators' bills. As expected, coalitions do not increase the likelihood of passage of executive initiatives by much (though it improves the fate of bills by legislators from parties in the coalition).


Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy is emerging as a powerful strategy for cancer therapy; however, an important safety consideration is the potential for off-tumor recognition of normal tissue. This is particularly important as ligand-based CARs are optimized for clinical translation. Our group has developed and clinically translated an IL13(E12Y) ligand- based CAR targeting the cancer antigen IL13Rα2 for treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). There remains limited understanding of how IL13-ligand CAR design impacts the activity and selectivity for the intended tumor-associated target IL13Rα2 versus the more ubiquitous unintended target IL13Rα1. In this study, we functionally compared IL13(E12Y)-CARs incorporating different intracellular signaling domains, including first-generation CD3ζ- containing CARs (IL13ζ), second-generation 4-1BB- (CD137) or CD28-containing CARs (IL13- BBζ or IL13-28ζ), and third-generation CARs containing both 4-1BB and CD28 (IL13-28BBζ). In vitro co-culture assays at high tumor burden establish that 2nd generation IL13-BBζ or IL13- 28ζ outperform first-generation IL13ζ and 3rd generation IL13-28BBζ CAR designs, with IL13- BBζ providing superior CAR proliferation and in vivo anti-tumor potency in human xenograft mouse models. IL13-28ζ displayed a lower threshold for antigen recognition, resulting in higher off-target IL13Rα1 reactivity both in vitro and in vivo. Syngeneic mouse models of GBM also demonstrate safety and anti-tumor potency of murine IL13-BBζ CAR T cells delivered systemically after lymphodepletion. These findings support the use of IL13-BBζ CARs for greater selective recognition of IL13Rα2 over IL13Rα1, higher proliferative potential, and superior anti-tumor responsiveness. This study exemplifies the potential of modulating factors outside the antigen targeting domain of a CAR to improve selective tumor recognition..


Definition 3.1 The feasible point x∗ ∈ Xad is a (i) local solution to (3.3) if there exists a neighborhood U2 of x∗ such that f (x) ≥ f (x∗) for all x ∈U2∩Xad; (ii) strict local solution to (3.3) if there exists a neighborhood U2 of x∗ such that f (x) > f (x∗) for all x ∈U2 \ {x∗} ∩Xad; (iii) isolated local solution to (3.3) if there exists a neighborhood U2 of x∗ such that x∗ is the only local solution in U2∩Xad.


Parallel algorithms are often rst designed as a sequence of rounds where each round includes any number of independent constant time operations This so called work time presentation is then followed by a processor scheduling implementation on a more concrete computational model Many parallel algorithms are geometric decaying in the sense that the sequence of work loads is upper bounded by a decreasing geometric series A standard scheduling implementation of such algorithms consists of a repeated application of load balancing We present a more e ective yet as simple policy for the utilization of load balancing in geometric decaying algorithms By making a more careful choice of when and how often load balancing should be employed and by using a simple amortization argument we show that the number of required applications of load balancing should be nearly constant The policy is not restricted to any particular model of parallel computation and up to a constant factor it is the best possible


This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of oligochitosan added to the fish tank
to benefit both tilapia and paddy in the aquaponics system. Chitosan was irradiated at 25
kGy to produce low molecular weight chitosan (oligochitosan). The characteristics of
chitosan such as molecular weight, solubility, viscosity, and colour were investigated. The
low molecular weight chitosan (Mw = 5 kDa), obtained from the radiation degradation by
gamma-ray was further used as a dietary supplement for tilapia. Nitrogen, one of the most
important macro-nutrients for plant growth and crop productivity was supplied by fish
faeces and food waste containing oligochitosan in fish tanks. The addition of
oligochitosan could improve growth, and immune responses and alter the bacterial flora in
the intestine of tilapia, so as to play a role in promoting the growth of paddy in the
aquaponics system.


This paper discusses recent advances in the development of robust direct and iterative sparse linear solvers for general unsymmetric linear systems of equations. The primary focus is on robust methods for semiconductor device simulations matrices, but all methods presented are solely based on the structure of the matrices and can be applied to other application areas e.g. circuit simulation. Reliability, a low memory-footprint, and a short solution time are important demands for the linear solver. Currently, no black-box solver exists that can satisfy all criteria. The linear systems from semiconductor device simulations can be highly ill-conditioned and therefore quite challenging for direct and preconditioned iterative solver. In this paper, it is shown that nonsymmetric permutations and scalings aimed at placing large entries on the diagonal greatly enhance the reliability of direct and iterative methods. The numerical experiments indicate that the overall solution strategy is both reliable and very cost effective. The paper also compares the performance of some common software packages for solving general sparse systems.


Cross girders of a riveted steel frame bridge were monitored with a wireless sensor network. Since strain sensing is very expensive in terms of power consumption a novel signal conditioning hardware was developed that enabled to significantly reduce the power consumption. An embedded data processing algorithm transformed the recorded raw data into a sequence of maxima and minima representing the strain cycles thus reducing data communication and enabling an additional energy saving. By using a software based event triggering algorithm the embedded data processing was performed only for data acquired during train transits. Strain cycles of more than 900 trains were recorded. The quality of the recorded data was very good and demonstrated that WSNs can be a competitive alternative to conventional tethered monitoring systems for recording operational data for fatigue assessment of steel railway bridges.


Technology design plays an important role in the learning process, possibly saving time and effort and enhancing the outcomes of the process. The primary purpose of this paper is to enhance and support the learning process at King Abdulaziz University (KAU) in Saudi Arabia. In fact, learning design depends on learning theories from educational psychology. The ADDIE model will be applied to design the Interactive Electronic Lecture System (IELS). The IELS is a novel format for presenting lectures. This paper defines the IELS system in terms of making the screen designs. In addition a number of features are explained, such as system interfaces, components and storyboards. The functionality of the system and what features have been included are also illustrated. Keywords— Interactive Electronic Lecture Design


The device for opening and closing a nozzle of a cosmetic case comprises: a button body (350); a pin (400) for opening and closing a nozzle; a thrust pin (410) which is connected integrally to a rear side of the spindle (400) for opening and closing a nozzle; a control lever (430); and a lid knob (500) which is fixed on an upper portion of the control knob body (350), and which allows the control lever (430) to be rotated by a user's push operation.


Background and aims Body composition parameters and immunonutritional indexes provide useful information on the nutritional and inflammatory status of patients. We sought to investigate whether they predict the postoperative outcome in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) who received neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) and then pancreaticoduodenectomy. Methods Data from locally advanced PC patients who underwent NAT followed by pancreaticoduodenectomy between January 2012 and December 2019 in four high-volume institutions were collected retrospectively. Only patients with two available CT scans (before and after NAT) and immunonutritional indexes (before surgery) available were included. Body composition was assessed and immunonutritional indexes collected were: VAT, SAT, SMI, SMA, PLR, NLR, LMR, and PNI. The postoperative outcomes evaluated were overall morbidity (any complication occurring), major complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3), and length of stay. Results One hundred twenty-one patients met the inclusion criteria and constituted the study population. The median age at the diagnosis was 64 years (IQR16), and the median BMI was 24 kg/m2 (IQR 4.1). The median time between the two CT-scan examined was 188 days (IQR 48). Skeletal muscle index (SMI) decreased after NAT, with a median delta of −7.8 cm2/m2 (p < 0.05). Major complications occurred more frequently in patients with a lower pre-NAT SMI (p = 0.035) and in those who gained in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) compartment during NAT (p = 0.043). Patients with a gain in SMI experienced fewer major postoperative complications (p = 0.002). The presence of Low muscle mass after NAT was associated with a longer hospital stay [Beta 5.1, 95%CI (1.5, 8.7), p = 0.006]. An increase in SMI from 35 to 40 cm2/m2 was a protective factor with respect to overall postoperative complications [OR 0.43, 95% (CI 0.21, 0.86), p < 0.001]. None of the immunonutritional indexes investigated predicted the postoperative outcome. Conclusion Body composition changes during NAT are associated with surgical outcome in PC patients who receive pancreaticoduodenectomy after NAT. An increase in SMI during NAT should be favored to ameliorate the postoperative outcome. Immunonutritional indexes did not show to be capable of predicting the surgical outcome.


In early 1942, the use of frequency modulated radios operating about 30 Mhz required very large numbers of CT face shear crystals but the technique for attaching wires to the surface of the quartz was not fully developed at this time. For this reason, a project was established to see if magneto-strictive resonators could supplant the quartz units and by 1943, a practical resonator was developed. At this time, Western Electric was producing vast numbers of face shear crystals and the magneto-striction device was not used except as a calibrator for a long range radar equipment.


Government authorities are concerned about the lack of preparation for bioterrorist attack. Federal, state, and local governments are making efforts to coordinate a bioterrorism response plan. On June 8, 1998, President Clinton asked Congress for approximately $294 million to be allocated to the 1999 federal budget to fight bioterrorism; $94 million of that amount would be targeted for the Department of Health and Human Services to better share information among public health centers and to improve the detection of disease outbreaks. A year earlier, in April 1997, the Chemical and Biological Weapons Threat Reduction Act of 1997, Senate BUI (SB) 495, was passed by the Senate. The bill, introduced by Sen Jon Kyi (R, Ariz), defines biological weapons as any "pathogen or infectious substance" capable of causing "death, disease, or biological malfunction" or having a "deleterious" effect on the environment, food, or water supply.


Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of moisture burn ointment(MEBO),a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation,in the treatment of pressure sore.Methods On the basis of the results of Meta-analysis,10 patients with 12 pressure sores were treated with MEBO to observe the therapeutic effects and record the ulcer healing time.The Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing(PUSH) was used for evaluation and monitoring of the effect of the treatment.Results In the 10 patients,75% of the pressure sores healed completely and 25% showed favorable changes.The ulcer healing time ranged from 8-25 days(mean 13.22±7.22 days).The treatment resulted in significantly lowered PUSH scores(0.25±0.45) in comparison with the scores before the treatment(7.00±3.10,P0.01).Conclusion The result of Meta-analysis is consistent with that of the after-effect evaluation,suggesting the effectiveness of MEBO for treatment of the pressure sores.


Physiological stress response and fear levels were evaluated in broiler chickens fed control diets, chicory (1 kg/ton) and Lactobacillus sp. (1 x 10 cfu/kg) supplemented diets for 5 wk. At the end of the 8 experiment, the birds were subjected to 80 km transport journey (90 min approximately). The fear levels of birds were measured using tonic immobility reaction (TI). The duration of TI and the susceptibility of the birds to the test were measured immediately after the birds had arrived to the laboratory and repeated after one week following their transport. Heterophil (H) counts, Lymphocyte (L) counts and Heterophil to Lymphocyte (H/L) ratios were determined immediately on arrival and at 24 h following birds transport. There was no significant differences were recorded in the fear levels of broilers supplemented with either chicory or Lactobacillus sp. compared with their control counterparts. However, in a comparison with fear levels after one week (without transport), a significant difference was observed (P=0.001) irrespective to dietary supplementation. Handling and transport on this relatively short journey was apparently equally frightening for broilers independent of dietary supplementation. H/L ratios either immediately on arrival or at 24 h following birds transport showed a significant difference between the dietary treatments. Chicory and Lactobacillus sp. supplemented groups decreased H/L ratios compared with control group which is important in reduction of stress effects on birds. In conclusion, supplementation of broiler diet with either chicory or Lactobacillus sp. can modulate the physiological stress response of transported birds and consequently enhance tolerance to stress without change in their behavioural index of fear.


Abstract The B – X electronic system of 79 Br 2 , 79,81 Br 2 , and 81 Br 2 has been investigated with laser-induced fluorescence at a resolution corresponding to 1% of the Doppler width. Hyperfine-free frequency differences between pairs of nearly coincident rovibronic transitions have been measured to an accuracy of ±7 MHz. The data fall into two categories: cases where the two members of the pair arise from different isotopomers, and cases where they arise from the same isotopomer. From the frequency differences, determinations have been made of the electronic isotope shifts arising from terms in the Hamiltonian that lead to the breakdown of the Born–Oppenheimer approximation. In the Born–Oppenheimer approximation, the electronic term value T BX BO for the system B 3 Π 0+ u − X 1 Σ + g is isotopically invariant. However, the measurements show that [ T BX 79 − T BX 79,81 ]=177(10) MHz; [ T BX 79,81 − T BX 81 ]=209(7) MHz; and [ T BX 79 − T BX 81 ]=386(7) MHz. In the next order of approximation, [ T BX α − T BX β ] should be proportional to (1/μ α −1/μ β ), where μ α is the reduced mass of isotopomer α. The measured values of [ T BX α − T BX β ] are seen to deviate from this dependence by approximately 15%. It is suggested that the deviation occurs because the Hamiltonian for the heteronuclear isotopomer includes interactions that are forbidden for the homonuclear species.


Despite the importance of understanding public attitudes toward mental illnesses, few studies have examined the views of young people or individuals in non-western settings. We aimed to assess the prevalence of stigma toward individuals with mental illness among youths in India, examine factors associated with stigma, and compare stigma cross-culturally with a sample of American youths. Our sample consisted of 945 Indian secondary school students (49.7% female, Mean age=14.21) from three high schools in Maharashtra, India. Participants completed a social distance scale to assess stigma, as well as measures of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms. Stigma toward individuals with mental illness was commonly reported: only 42% of students reported that they were willing to talk with someone with a mental illness, and 41% were willing to be friends with someone with a mental illness. Gender and age were significantly associated with stigma, with males and younger students reporting greater stigma. Participants' depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms were not associated with stigma. Furthermore, compared to American adolescents from a different sample who completed the same stigma measure, Indian adolescents reported significantly more stigma (d = 0.55). Overall, this study provides one of the first direct cross-cultural comparisons of stigma among youths and highlights the need for greater awareness about mental illnesses among Indian adolescents. These findings raise concern for the potential consequences of psychiatric labels for youths in non-western settings. Strategies and approaches to combat the harmful effects of stigma are discussed.


The Act provides the skeleton of the voluntary remediation program; the rules are the muscles and sinew necessary to make the program work. The Act sets an ambitious schedule of one year for developing all the rules needed to implement the program. Recognizing the difficulty of putting together a complex program, especially the technical standards, in such a short period of time, the Director convened a Steering Committee consisting of representatives of industry, government and environmental groups, and the general public, to develop an initial set of draft rules. The rules were proposed shortly before the 1997 Regular Session of the West Virginia Legislature convened. The ultimate impact of West Virginia`s new voluntary remediation program must await the adoption of implementing rules and experience under the program. The Act contains the essential components for an effective program, including protection from liability, certainty in remediation cleanup standards and recognition of the concept of relative risk in developing those standards. With a cohesive set of rules and an aggressive posture by the Director in implementing the program consistent with the goals of the Act, West Virginia could be a leader in the country in voluntary remediation programs.


The high electromagnetic pulse(EMP) sensor using optical-fiber to transmit signal can restrain electromagnetic interference.The Compton electrons scattered by γ-ray irradiated from nuclear explosion or nuclear explosion simulator can generate high EMP,γ-ray can penetrate the shielding box and irradiate the integrated circuit directly.The γ-ray irradiation effect includes interference,latch up and burn out,these will make the measurement result unbelievable.In this paper,the experimental method researching the γ-ray irradiation effect of high electromagnetic pulse sensor on Qiangguang-I accelerator is introduced.The γ-ray dose rate interference threshold is 2×106Gy/s.


An advisory system using a rule–based approach has been developed in which the knowledge required to perform hazard identification is divided into process–specific and process–general components. Hazard identification has been carried out using the modified Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) method. In the proposed modified HAZOP, the two study nodes are connected in one mode of analysis. The process–specific knowledge, which consists of a conventional HAZOP study result, has been stored in the database. This process–general knowledge consists of rule–based which has been developed from the result of process simulation. The combination of hazard identification technique with process simulation result is important, in order to analyse the causes and consequences of the deviation in the process. For hazard identification, the process deviations selected are flow rate, temperature, and pressure. An inference engine for this advisory system has been developed using Visual Basic programming language, for appropriate interaction between knowledge–based components, in order to identify process–specific of causes and consequences for each process deviation specified. The procedure is based on the proposal HAZOP algorithm modified from a conventional HAZOP. The case study used is a packed column of an oleo chemical plant. The study has contributed to an improvement of hazard identification technique, which proposed a modified HAZOP algorithm by considering the consequences of the operation for each process deviation. The modified HAZOP algorithm has been proposed in a generic manner, however, the advisory system developed in this study is limited to the application for packed column of oleo chemical plant only.

 Key words: Hazard identification, advisory system, ruled based, process simulation, packed column


Six Earth system models and three ocean-ice-ecosystem models are analyzed to evaluate magnitude and depth of the subsurface Chl-a maximum (SCM) in the Canada Basin and ratio of surface to subsurface Chl-a in a future climate scenario. Differences in simulated Chl-a are caused by large intermodel differences in available nitrate in the Arctic Ocean and to some extent by ecosystem complexity. Most models reproduce the observed SCM and nitracline deepening and indicate a continued deepening in the future until the models reach a new state with seasonal ice-free waters. Models not representing a SCM show either too much nitrate and hence no surface limitation or too little nitrate with limited surface growth only. The models suggest that suppression of the nitracline and deepening of the SCM are caused by enhanced stratification, likely driven by enhanced Ekman convergence and freshwater contributions with primarily large-scale atmospheric driving mechanisms. The simulated ratio of near-surface Chl-a to depth-integrated Chl-a is slightly decreasing in most areas of the Arctic Ocean due to enhanced contributions of subsurface Chl-a. Exceptions are some shelf areas and regions where the continued ice thinning leaves winter ice too thin to provide a barrier to momentum fluxes, allowing winter mixing to break up the strong stratification. Results confirm that algorithms determining vertically integrated Chl-a from surface Chl-a need to be tuned to Arctic conditions, but likely require little or no adjustments in the future.


Painters have tended to concentrate on exterior realities rather than interior musings; but the issue of historical painting, where of necessity a fixed image must evoke a story taking place in time, reminds us of the issue facing painters of dreams. Whether they represent the dreamer and his dream, the dream alone, or the dreamer alone, at issue is the choice of a still image to evoke a temporal series.


An air conditioning system for a vehicle includes a climate control system for selectively heating and cooling ambient air in a passenger compartment of the vehicle. One or more fans cooperate with the climate control system and are configured to draw air from the passenger compartment to expel air to the exterior of the vehicle. One or more devices are provided in proximity to the passenger compartment to detect a variety of conditions of the air in the passenger compartment. The one or more devices selectively signal a controller to activate and deactivate the one or more fans prior to an occupant entering the vehicle. The controller may activate the one or more fans to draw air from the passenger compartment based on detection of predetermined conditions in response to input from the one or more devices.


A 3-D one-carrier device solver has been developed on an Intel iPSC2 hypercube multiprocessor which can handle over 130 K nodes. CPU time averages 20 min per bias point on a 50 K-node MOSFET example. Slotboom variables are used in conjunction with the Scharfetter-Gummel current discretization scheme. A scaling scheme is proposed which produces n, p variables from the Slotboom variables. An improved damped-Newton scheme, which maintains the iteration numbers at below fifteen for high gate biases, is used in solving Poisson's equation. The performance of a previously proposed initial guess scheme is improved through the use of a novel update strategy during the Poisson solution stage after the initial guess step. This improvement allows stable calculation for voltage steps as high as 5 V. A modified singular perturbation scheme (MSP) has been proposed whose implementation speeds up the convergence under high-V/sub gs/ and -V/sub ds/ bias conditions by a factor of three to six. A block matrix analysis of the MSP scheme yields insight into its performance. >


This paper makes an analysis of the dual situation resulting from the separation of agricultural development from urbanization in ethnic areas in southwest China and puts forward the new path of concordant development through developing agricultural industrialization.


iv Figures Figure 1. Regional map of south-central Louisiana showing locations of coring sites, boundaries of areas used for image analysis of land-water changes, and subdeltas of the Lafourche delta system.. Figure 2. Regional map of south-central Louisiana showing locations of coring sites, the USACE Cocodrie tide gauge, the LDNR Montegut tide gauge, and the distribution of wetland losses (1956-2004) relative to producing oil-and-gas fields .. Figure 3. Composite historical land-water changes between 1956 and 2004 for the selected study areas in south-central Louisiana, with daily, 3-day, and 7-day average water levels recorded at the NOS Figure 6. Locations of sediment cores and sediment-surface profiles from the Bay St. Elaine area superimposed on pre-and post-subsidence aerial photographs taken in (A) 1969, (B) 1974, and Figure 7. Combined bathymetric profile and stratigraphic cross section for marsh and open-water cores illustrate the magnitude of subsidence (in cm) at the Bay St. Figure 9. Combined bathymetric profile and stratigraphic cross section for marsh and open-water cores MB-10 to MB-07 illustrate the magnitude of subsidence and wetland erosion (in cm) Figure 10. Combined bathymetric profile and stratigraphic cross section for marsh and open-water cores MB-10 to MB-08 illustrate the magnitude of subsidence and wetland erosion (in cm) at the Figure 11. Locations of sediment cores and sediment-surface profiles from the DeLarge area superimposed on pre-and post-subsidence aerial photographs taken in (A) 1969, (B) 1974, Figure 12. Combined bathymetric profile and stratigraphic cross section for marsh and open-water cores illustrate the magnitude of subsidence and wetland erosion (in cm) at the DeLarge Figure 14. Combined bathymetric profile and stratigraphic cross section for marsh and open-water cores illustrate the magnitude of subsidence and wetland erosion (in cm) at the Pointe au Figure 15. Locations of sediment cores and sediment-surface profiles from the Bully Camp area superimposed on pre-and post-subsidence aerial photographs taken in (A) 1969, (B) 1974, and v Figure 16. Combined bathymetric profile and stratigraphic cross section for marsh and open-water cores illustrate the magnitude of subsidence and wetland erosion (in cm) at the Bully Camp Table 5. Minimum subsidence rates inferred from minimum aggradation rates based on marsh thickness (interval rate) and sample depth (depth rate). Table 6. Rates (mm/yr) of sediment accumulation (sed) and inferred rates of subsidence (sub) for the 1 Summary Five representative areas of the Mississippi River delta plain were investigated using remote images, marsh elevations, water depths, sediment cores, …


It is generally accepted that the primitive Sun, which contains the vast majority of the mass of the solar system, has the same composition as the primitive solar nebula, and that the contemporary Sun has a similar composition except perhaps for light elements modified in main sequence hydrogen burning. The diversity of isotopic and elemental compositions now observed in various solar system reservoirs is most likely the result of subsequent modification and noble gases can provide us with valuable tools to understand the evolutionary paths leading to these different compositions. However, to do this we need to know the composition of the Sun with sufficient precision to delineate the different paths and processes leading to the variations observed and how the present solar wind noble gases may differ from that composition.


The scientific literature presents quite a large number of works, in which the priority role of mathematical modeling in providing high-quality medical care, health and active longevity of a person is determined. The purpose of the work is to construct and analyze the regression models of individual sonographic sizes of kidneys in practically healthy women of the middle intermediate somatotype, depending on the features of the anthropometric and somatotypological indicators. Within the framework of the agreement on scientific cooperation from the database of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya primary sonographic parameters (length, width, anterior-posterior dimension, area of longitudinal and cross-section of the kidneys and their sinuses, as well as volume of the right and left kidneys) and anthropometric indices (obtained by the method of V.V. Bunak in the modification of P.P. Shaparenko) of 17 practically healthy women of the first mature age of the middle intermediate somatotype, who in the third generation live in the Podillya region of Ukraine. The construction of regression models of individual sonographic sizes of the kidneys, depending on the features of anthropo-somatotypological parameters of the body of women of the middle intermediate somatotype, was carried out in the licensed package "Statistica 6.1". In women of the middle intermediate somatotype all 16 possible reliable regression models of sonographic parameters of the kidneys were constructed depending on the anthropo-somatotypological parameters with the determination coefficient R2 from 0.891 to 0.978. The analysis of reliable regression models (with a coefficient of determination greater than 0.6), the sonographic parameters of the kidneys in practically healthy women of the middle intermediate somatotype revealed that most often models of both kidneys, as well as separately of the right and left kidneys, include the circumferential dimensions of the body (respectively, 35.9 – 33.3 – 38.5% of the total number of indicators included in the models). In addition, models of both kidneys most often include cephalometric indices (12.6%), thickness of skin-fat folds and body diameters (by 11.7%); models of the right kidney – body diameters (15.7%), cephalometric indices and width of distal epiphyses of long tubular bones of extremities (by 11.8%); models of the right kidney - the thickness of skin and fat folds (17.3%) and cephalometric indices (13.5%). Attention is drawn to the lack of entry into models of sonographic sizes of kidneys total body sizes.


This paper discusses the creation of the National Clearinghouse on Aging within the federal government and the involvement of the Clearinghouse in the planning and initial implementation of a proposed Service Center for Aging Information (SCAN). This automated, bibliographic information system and its proposed products and services are described. The differing user groups and information needs involved with gerontological research and the provision of social services to the elderly are also discussed.


This is an overview of a commemorative event to honor the 125th anniversary of Boris Pasternak, which took place on February 10, 2015 at Moscow University for the Humanities.


The present invention relates to a method for preparing a hydrogen storage material, in particular to provide a method of electrostatic spinning lignin-based carbon fibers prepared hydrogen storage material. First formulated lignin sulfonate / polyacrylonitrile / nickel acetate / boric spinning solution, sodium lignosulfonate prepared by electrostatic spinning polyacrylonitrile fiber micro-nano composite, is placed in a vacuum oven muffle / drying under air atmosphere furnace for pre-oxidation, and in a tube furnace under conditions of an inert gas continuously introduced into the calcination temperature was gradually increased to prepare a sodium lignosulfonate containing catalyst Ni-B / polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber composite, wherein the Ni- B graphitization play a catalytic role. Sodium lignosulfonate prepared in high / polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber composite graphitization degree, at 298K, 95bar conditions, the amount of hydrogen absorption in the 60s reach 0.92wt.%.


The article analyzes the possibilities of a creative project as an educational tool in the framework of practical and methodological training of future primary school teachers to guide the project activities of younger schoolchildren. The factors that have the greatest impact on the success of students' creative projects in the process of studying the disciplines «Methods of teaching fine arts» and «Methods of teaching technology» are highlighted. The content of the activity of the teacher and students at each stage of the implementation of the creative project is disclosed.


The global demand for sustainable palm oil is continual increasing over the year. To supply the demand of sustainable palm oil in worldwide, the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) certification has been made mandatory by the end 2019. This study had been designed to analyse the perception in implementing principle 5-7 of Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil (MSPO) among independent smallholders. The data was obtained from questionnaire and had been passed to 44 respondents in Sungai Rambai Melaka. The data collected has been analysed by using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) to determine descriptive analysis, correlation and regression. As the result were analyzed, it showed that there is a strong positive linear relationship between perception and principle 5-7 of MSPO among smallholders. The regression analysis is 87.6% of variation in perception smallholders was explained by independent variable and another 12.4% was explained by other factors. The most principle MSPO that affects perception smallholders are principle 5 of MSPO. The main reason for the destruction of habitats and rare species caused of expansion of oil palm in developing countries is unfair allegation.


Reducing voltage sensing in a battery pack is beneficial for cutting the cost of the battery management system. In this paper, a methodology is designed to estimate the states of charge (SOC) of two cells connected in series when only their total voltage is measured. First, the feasibility is analyzed based on the nonlinear observability of the two-cell string under reduced voltage sensing. Furthermore, observability analysis is performed to different battery chemistries to determine their respective observable SOC ranges based on the voltage-SOC relationship. A trajectory-based nonlinear observer, the Newton observer, is then designed for SOC estimation and has been validated by experiments. The limitation of extending the method to strings with more than two cells is also discussed. The methodology is initially designed under the assumption of equal and known capacity and resistance among cells. The robustness of estimation is finally investigated when the above assumptions do not hold.


More than 30 people are killed in road crashes in Vietnam every day. For each person killed, many more are seriously injured requiring admission to hospital. Nationally, road crashes are estimated to cost the equivalent of 1-3 per cent of the nation's gross national product (GNP). In 2009, the International Road Assessment Programme (iRAP), the Ministry of Transport (MOT), Vietnam Road Directorate (VRD), Transport Development and Strategy Institute (TDSI) and Institute of Transport Science and Technology (ITST) undertook an infrastructure-based risk assessment of 3,500km of national highways and developed a high-level plan of economically viable countermeasures. The project was assisted by numerous other organisations, including ARRB Group and the Global Road Safety Partnership (GRSP). iRAP's approach builds on decades of research and experience into the factors which influence the likelihood of crashes occurring and their severity. This paper presents the approach taken in the iRAP Vietnam project and key results. (a) For the covering record of this conference, please refer to ITRD abstract no E220164.


In 19nm Flash memory process, the aspect ratio of shallow trench isolation (STI) become large and it gets difficult to fill STI Oxide by conventional CVD film. Perhydro-Polysilazance (PSZ) deposition process because of its good filling ability has been evaluated for better STI fill instead of conventional CVD. But this new process can cause cracks because of its high temperature process. Crack defect is inspected by dark field inspection (DFI) tool of KLA. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to study the profile of wafer edge film. The experiment proved that the crack defect is generally decided by STI Etch profile, annealing temperature of rise and drop and the thickness of PSZ DEP. In this paper, solution of to avoid the crack defect are studied.


Is illustrated and described a special apparatus for controlling a plurality of lighting elements, in particular for controlling light scenes, having at least one input device for input of lighting information that is connected via a signal transmitting device having a plurality of signal processing and -Speichermodulen which the transmitted signals at least partially as store lighting information available, wherein a plurality of separate, leading to the lighting elements towards circuits are connected to the signal processing and memory modules, which are controllable from the signal processing and -Speichermodulen.


High-strength Cu-based bulk glassy alloys were synthesized in Cu-Zr-Ti and Cu-Hf-Ti ternary and Cu-Zr-Hf-Ti quaternary systems by copper mold casting. The critical diameter was 4mm for the Cu 60 Zr 30 Ti 10 and Cu 60 Hf 25 Ti 15 ternary alloys and the Cu 60 Zr 20 Hf 10 Ti 10 and Cu 60 Zr 10 Hf 15 Ti 15 quaternary alloys. As the substitution amount of Zr or Hf by Ti in Cu 60 Zr 40 and Cu 60 Hf 40 alloys increases, the glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization temperature (T x ) and temperature interval of supercooled liquid region ΔT x (= T x - T g ) decrease, while the liquidus temperature (T l ) has a minimum of 1127 K around 20%Ti, resulting in a maximum T g /T l of 0.63 in the vicinity of 20%Ti. The high glass-forming ability was obtained at the compositions with high T g /T l . The bulk glassy alloys exhibit high fracture strength of 2040-2190 MPa and plastic elongations of 0.3 to 1.9%. The finding of the Cu-based bulk glassy alloys with high T g /T l above 0.60, high fracture strength above 2000 MPa and distinct plastic elongation is encouraging for the subsequent development as a new type of bulk glassy alloys which can be used for structural materials.


Sixteen tomato cultivars obtained from the collections of the Institute for Agricultural Re- search (IAR) Samaru, Nigeria were screened for resistance to local strains of Tomato leaf curl virus at Samaru, Northern Guinea Savanna, over a two year period, 1998/1999 and 1999/2000 dry seasons. Five cultivars were moderately resistant, nine were moderately susceptible, while two were highly susceptible. Most of the cultivars were high yielding (46-55 t/ha) and had good fruit size (4.8-6.0 cm x 2.8-4.1 cm). They will be further evaluated on-farm at different locations after which they will be introduced to farmers to replace the low yielding and TLCV-susceptible cultivars currently in use in most parts of the Savanna ecological zones of the country.


Principles of direct current have long been recognised in the literature as presenting difficulties for learners. Most of these difficulties have been reported in the context of the traditional electron flow model. In this paper, an alternative approach for high school students using a field model is explored. Findings from a range of short pilot trials using this approach are described. These preliminary findings indicate that the field model, as an alternative approach to teaching about direct current, may be more successful than the traditional electron flow model for students in high school.


The phase transition of a fluid adsorbed in a heterogeneous system is studied with two simple lattice gas models within the framework of a mean-field theory. Despite the different origin of the heterogeneity (spatial variation of binding energy or fluid coordination numbers), the fluid can undergo two phase transitions if the hosting system is sufficiently heterogeneous. It is clearly shown that such a polymorphism in the confined fluid results from the successive condensations in distinct spatial regions of the host. We have found the precise conditions at which one two phase transitions occur. The insight gained from the present study allows one to understand better some recent puzzling simulation results.


(i.e., liver transplantation). Our data show that the application of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases guidelines prevents a false-positive diagnosis of ICC in cirrhosis. Small ICC may display an early enhancement (partial or total) in the arterial phase. This is similar to the HCC pattern, but because we have not observed washout in delayed phases, this finding is confirmed to be specific for HCC2,3 and critical for nodule diagnosis. We focused our analysis on ICC arising within a cirrhotic liver; this constituted most of the cases detected in the setting of a surveillance program for early HCC diagnosis. The majority of the published series evaluating the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging features of ICC did not restrict the analysis to only patients with cirrhosis, and most of the cases were detected in the presence of symptoms, so the lesions usually were larger. We already acknowledged in the discussion that the number of patients recruited was limited, but even so, this is the largest cohort of ICC in cirrhosis. More importantly, more than two-thirds of the nodules were smaller than 3 cm, and the challenge of imaging characterization lies in small nodules. Regarding the previously reported delayed washout in ICC,4 we have to stress again that the reported "washout" of ICC cannot be confused with the typical washout of HCC in delayed phases. The former still enhances more than the hepatic parenchyma, whereas the latter typically has lower enhancement in delayed phases with respect to the liver. In conclusion, our data show that small ICC may mimic the pattern of HCC in the arterial phases of magnetic resonance imaging, but this tumor does not show washout in the delayed venous phase. This is specific for HCC and may allow a noninvasive HCC diagnosis, but if it is not observed, diagnostic biopsy should be mandatory, as already recommended in the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases guidelines. JORDI RIMOLA, M.D.1 ALEJANDRO FORNER, M.D.2 CARMEN AYUSO, PH.D.1 JORDI BRUIX, PH.D.2 BCLC Group 1Radiology Department and 2Liver Unit Hospital Clı́nic Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer University of Barcelona Barcelona, Spain


The information regarding to the real time traffic is widely used for system like Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) for its applications such as vehicle navigation, incident detection, traffic signal control, traffic monitoring, etc. In addition to this, the system such as Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) as well as Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS) also requires the current conditions of urban road traffic along with its short term evolution. Thus the main theme of this paper is about the estimation or collecting the information related to traffic state for large scale urban road networks. For estimating the traffic state of such networks, we need to have efficient and effective method in place so that overall performance will improve. There are many methods presented by different authors, however each of this method suffered from few limitations. By considering these limitations, still this is a promising area of research for researchers. As this is the first step of our research, in this paper we are presenting the different methods presented for estimating traffic state as well as advanced sensor techniques have been adopted to collect real-time traffic information. Keywords--Traffic State Estimation, Intelligent Transportation Systems, Traveler Information Systems, Advanced Traffic Management System, Large Scale Road,


Mossbauer studies have been carried out on sputtered amorphous Fe 80 B 20 foils in the temperature range of 4.4 K to 300 K. The results have been analysed using Window's method. The coefficients B and C in Bloch's law are evaluated from the data. One finds a smaller value of B in sputtered foils in comparison to the liquid quenched ribbons. There are indications that the mean square range of exchange interaction is larger in these foils.


Introduction As design rules go beyond 90nm the introduction of porous low-k materials in Cu/low-k integration has forced dramatic changes in photoresist stripping and residue removal in BEOL applications. The major challenge is to remove photoresist and composite residues without corroding the copper or changing the dielectric constant of the porous ILD materials. This requires that the dry strip process not only can effectively remove photoresist and organic BARC materials but also can preserve the physical, chemical, and electrical properties of the ILD materials. Further, the dry strip process needs to be compatible with subsequent wet cleans. Currently there are two approaches of dry strip in Cu\low-k integration applications. One approach is the popular low pressure, low temperature anisotropic strip, which use O2 or N2H2 plasma chemistry with physical and ion enhancement to achieve lateral selectivity. The problems associated with the directional O2 strip are sidewall carbon depletion due to backscattered ions/electrons, cap rounding and etch stop loss due to sputtering, and CD shift due to etch stop redeposition. The other approach is to use downstream plasma isotropic strip with reducing chemistries. The key to success for the isotropic strip is to correctly choose the gas chemistry and process conditions. At Axcelis we have developed an activated He:H2 strip process excited by a downstream microwave plasma that has shown excellent performance on multiple Cu\low-k applications [1-4]. The He:H2 strip process substantially minimizes the damages to the ILD materials and enables post-strip wet cleans.


How Change Happens puts the study of social and cultural history and social change and cultural evolution on a scientific basis capable of rational analysis and understanding. It shows how social and cultural change happens and explains the sequence of events in social and cultural history. It shows how social and cultural history followed a necessary path that can be analysed and rationally understood and explained. Most books on history describe how one thing followed another. How Change Happens describes why one thing followed another.


【Objective】This paper aims at providing a theoretical reference to set differential energy conservation targets and to promote the development of agricultural towards efficiency and energy saving in China.【Method】According to the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China,this article uses DEA method to estimate the provincial agricultural total factor energy efficiency and its convergence. 【Result】The agricultural total factor energy efficiency has a decreasing trend in the order of the eastern,central and western regions. In the change of agricultural total factor energy efficiency,technology progress plays a leading role in the east,while the technology progress and technical efficiency reacts at the same time in the central and western regions. The agricultural total factor energy efficiency from 1997 to 2012 shows convergence in China but it is different in the eastern,central and western regions. 【Conclusion】We should set differential energy conservation targets according to the regional situation and actively help the transfer of talent,capital,technology and other production factors from the eastern to the central and western regions,thus narrowing differences of agricultural total factor energy efficiency between various regions.


The current study addresses the relationship that language aptitude and previous language experience have on third language acquisition. As McLaughlin and Nayak (1989) state, "There is considerable anecdotal evidence that once a person has learned a few languages, subsequent language learning is greatly facilitated" (p. 6). The task for language researchers is to investigate whether there is empirical evidence for this often-believed hypothesis. The difficulties in doing this abound, as there are many factors involved in language acquisition, whether it be the first, second, third, or fourth. Age of acquisition, motivation, language family, literacy, and socioeconomic status of the learner are a few of the many factors that need to be considered when studying how individuals acquire a new language. Political prestige of the language is also an important factor in language acquisition; if the political prestige of the language is low, the individual's motivation to learn that language could also be low (Dornyei, Csizer & Nemeth, 2006). The concept of being bilingual is complex, and the literature on bilingualism uses approximately 37 terms to describe the various types of bilingualism. These terms range from balanced bilingual to describe someone whose two languages are roughly the same in terms of proficiency to incipient bilingual to describe someone who is just starting to learn a new language (Wei, 2001). For the purpose of this study, the term bilingual will be used to describe anyone who has experience with two or more languages, regardless of the proficiency level of the languages. Why would bilingualism have an effect on how subsequent languages are learned? Metalinguistic awareness has been shown to play a role in successful language acquisition. Ellis (1994) proposes the weak interface theory, stating that metalinguistic knowledge acts as an advanced organizer, thus, speeding up the language acquisition process. Several researchers, such as Bialystok (1986, 1987, 1991), Yelland, Pollard, and Mercury (1993), and Thomas (1988, 1992) show that bilinguals have a better understanding of metalanguage, i.e. explicit language information or the organization of language systems. This explicit knowledge speeds up the learning process of subsequent languages, and according to Thomas (1988 and 1992) helps bilingual learners to analyze language in a more structured system. Bialystok (2006) states, "It is plausible that having two different language systems for examination may make structural patterns more noticeable and hasten the child's attention to the systematic features of the language" (p. 579-580). This idea is supported in Nayak et al (1990) when the multilingual participants outperformed the monolingual participants in learning the syntax of the artificial language presented. Although the multilingual participants did not outperform the monolingual participants in this study, "...there is some evidence to suggest that more experienced language learners show greater plasticity in restructuring their mental representations of the rules governing linguistic input" (p. 242). In other words, if a person has a concept of how more than one language is structured, he would be cognitively more receptive to accepting an additional language system into his repertoire. There have also been several empirical studies (McLaughlin & Nayak, 1989; Nation & McLaughlin, 1986; Nayak et al., 1990) that have suggested that when people learn an L2, the basic sub-skills of language learning are automated; thus, people with previous language experience have more resources to devote to the form of the new language. According to VanPatten (1996), controlled


Article history: Received 25 September 2012 Received in revised form 9 September 2013 Accepted 15 October 2013 Available online 28 October 2013


The relationship between neuroscience and psychoanalysis is studied by taking "the new mechanism of neuroscience" under scrutiny. That new trend stresses that neuroscientific explanations are mechanistic explanations in particular. Since the issue of psychological mechanisms lies at the core of psychoanalysis, it is crucial to study the relationship between neural and psychological mechanisms. The authors argue that neuroscience cannot verify psychoanalytic theories. However, by combining neuroscientific and psychoanalytic (psychological) viewpoints, it will be possible to approach a more holistic picture of psychological phenomena, here suggested by a new conception of defense mechanisms.


The invention relates to the technology for preparing light distillate oil through coal pyrolysis, and specifically relates to a system and a process for preparing light distillate oil from coal. The system comprises a feeding system, a reaction system, and a combustion system. A material is delivered into a reactor through a pressure-resistant screw conveyor, and is then delivered into a combustor through a U-shaped pipe; hot air heated by a hot stove is delivered into the combustor; combusted hot solid material is adopted as a solid heat carrier, and is delivered into the reactor through the U-shaped pipe for heating the material in the reactor; the material in the reactor is subjected to fluidization and heat transfer through the high-temperature solid heat carrier, and is heated fast, such that a pyrolysis temperature is reached, and pyrolysis and catalytic cracking reactions are completed, such that light distillate oil and coal gas are obtained. The process is simple, the light oil is directly produced from coal, and no water pollution is caused. Therefore, an environment problem is solved, and economic benefit is increased.


[Objective]To analyze the results of distal tibial pilon fractures treated with individual management based on severity of soft tissue injury.[Method]From January 2005 to September 2008,29 Pilon fractures were treated.There were 22 males and 7 females aging from 23 to 63,with an average of 41.4.According to Ruedi-Allgower classification system of Pilon fracture,16 cases were type Ⅱ,13 type Ⅲ.According to Tscherne-Gotzen graduation system of soft tissue injury,22 cases were close fracture,8 grade 0,4 grade 1,8 grade 2,2 grade 3,and 7 cases were open fracture,3 grade 1,2 grade 2,2 grade 3.Individual management was based on severity of soft tissue injury.[Result]All patients were available for follow-up at an average of 28.6 months(range,12 to 56 months) after surgery.There were 10 excellent,13 good,4 fair,and 2 poor results according to the ankle score of Mazur.The complications occurred in 5 patients(17.2%),including wound superficial infection(n=2),skin necrosis(n=1),deep infection(n=1),and pin tract infection(n=1) with external fixation.[Conclusion]Individual management based on severity of soft tissue injury for Pilon fracture has advantages of fewer complications and good function.


The pursuit of happiness is not easy. Habituation to positive changes in lifestyle and constant comparisons leave us unhappy even in the best of conditions. Given their disruptive impact, it remains a puzzle why habituation and comparisons have come to be a part of cognition in the first place. Here, we present computational evidence that suggests that these features might play an important role in promoting adaptive behavior. Using the framework of reinforcement learning, we explore the benefit of employing a reward function that, in addition to the reward provided by the underlying task, also depends on prior expectations and relative comparisons. We find that while agents equipped with this reward function are less "happy", they learn faster and significantly outperform standard reward-based agents in a wide range of environments. The fact that these features provide considerable adaptive benefits might explain why we have the propensity to keep wanting more, even if it contributes to depression, materialism, and overconsumption.


The VH and VL genes were amplified from the hybridoma cell secreting monoclonal antibody against Cysticercus cellulosae by RT-PCR.The length of VH and VL was about 350 bp by agarose gel electrophoresis,which corresponded with the characterizations of mouse antibody.PCR products were linked with pMD18-T vector,and the cloned plasmids were transformed into JM109.The positive clones were selected by blue/white blot,then were identified by common primer.The result of sequencing showed the gene sequence accorded with the VH and VL genes characterization of mouse antibody and contained three remarkable CDR and FR.


A linear differential capacitive circuit is presented. This circuit is based on a charge-based capacitance measurement (CBCM) technique. The proposed circuit is optimized so as to maximize the sensitivity, which is a critical parameter in capacitive sensors. The resulting sensitivity is 200mV/fF with a noise level equivalent to 5aF. This circuit is intended as an interface circuit for bioparticles detection in integrating with a microchannel which is fabricated in a new robotic based technique


We present the results of a quenched lattice QCD study of the coupling g-hat, in the static heavy quark limit. After combining this with our previous results obtained by using propagating heavy quarks with a mass around the physical charm quark, we are able to interpolate to the b-quark sector. Our results are g-hat∞ = 0.48±0.03±0.11, g-hat b = 0.58±0.06±0.10, and g B*Bπ = 47±5±8.


Since the complex of the practical environment,many distributed multi-agent systems can not be illustrated with the integer-order dynamics and can only be described with the fractional-order dynamics.Suppose the multi-agent systems are composed of directed weighted topologies,where the dynamical characteristic of agents are illustrated fractional-order derivative operator and communication delays influence in the data transferring in multi-agent systems.Applying the Laplace transform and frequency domain theory of the fractional-order operator,the consensus of delayed multi-agent systems is studied.Since integer-order model is the special case of fractional-order model,the results in this paper consist with that of integer-order model.Finally,an example is used to verify our results.


Objective:Researching physical-chemic and biologic speciality of VacA-HpaA IgY,which provide a solid experimental basis for the preparation of vaccine against H.pylori infection.Methods:The purified antigen of fusion protein VacA-HpaA was used to immunize hens and the VacA-HpaA IgY was extracted from the yolk by water dilution methods.(1)After the VacA-HpaA IgY was purified by deposition technique with ammonium sulfate,the purity of IgY was analyzed by SDS-PAGE,and protein content of IgY was analyzed by Bradford method.(2)The indirect ELISA was used to detect its heat-stability,acid-stability and pepsin-stability.(3)The specificity of VacA-HpaA IgY to the antigens was identified by Western blot.(4)MTT was applied to assay the neutralization of VacA-HpaA IgY to The cytotoxity of H.pylori.(5)The neutralization of IgY to AGS cells was observed with scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Results:(1)The purity of VacA-HpaA IgY was about 60%,and the protein content of IgY was 22g/L;(2)The IgY showed a good heat-stability,a favorable acid-stability,and a well ability of anti-pepsin digest;(3)Western blot exhibited the protein bands with molecular weight of 27 000 and 30 000.The titer of VacA-HpaA IgY to VacA and HpaA were 1∶3 200 and 1∶6 400;(4)A dose and time dependent correlation of the IgY to counteract the cytotoxic activity of VacA;(5)VacA-HpaA IgY could interrupt the adhesive attraction of H.pylori.Conclusion:The VacA-HpaA IgY has good stabilities and well biologic speciality,which imply that the IgY could be used to prepare treatmental antibody against H.pylori infection.


INTRODUCTION The Food and Drug Administration is responsible for evaluating and approving the medications we prescribe. The FDA reviews post-market experience and monitors adverse drug reactions or unexpected effects. One of the strictest warnings the FDA can apply to a medication is a Boxed warning or Black Box warning. "Drugs that have special problems, particularly ones that may lead to death or serious injury, may have this warning information displayed within a box in the prescribing information. This is often referred to as a "boxed" or "black box" warning. Drugs that have such boxed warnings are not permitted to have reminder ads."1 In August of 2016, the FDA issued a Black Box warning regarding co-prescribing of benzodiazepines2 and opioids:


Side-impact tests by a moving deformable barrier with a foam plastic loading device were carried out using Japanese compact passenger cars with either, normal or reinforced side structure. Measured total energy consumed during impact was analyzed in terms of the energy consumption process including the kinetic energy of the car and the absorbed energy both by the side structure and by the loading device. A quasi-static structural test was conducted using the same loading devices and passenger cars as those in the side-impact tests. The aim was to evaluate the absorbed energies. The effect of side structure reinforcement on energy consumption in each process is also discussed. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 894848.


Significance Africa's "forgotten" food crops could support more climate-resilient and healthful food systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), but the promotion of these crops has received limited attention. Projecting forward to the year 2070, we show that a prioritized collection of these crops, differentiated by food groups, has high potential to diversify cropping systems of major staples to support climate-resilience and nutrition in the SSA region. Our analysis, contextualized by subregions within SSA as a whole, informs practitioners, researchers, and policymakers on the use of Africa's forgotten food crops in the diversification of food supply for healthy diets in a changing climate.


A self-excited vibration induced in an externally pressurized, recessed-type gas bearing is applicable to a pneumatic vibrator. An orifice and a chamber connected to a recess produce a self-excited vibration describing a limit cycle, the amplitude and frequency of which vary with the area of the orifice and the volume of the chamber. In this paper, it is proposed, utilizing such a phenomenon, to provide the recess with an orifice of variable area and a chamber of variable volume as a powerful method to control the amplitude and frequency of the vibration, in addition to the conventional method of changing the supply pressure and the load, and the controlling ability of the proposed method is discussed theoretically and experimentally.


This article analysis some aspects of assignment of punishment for preparation for premeditated
murder on the basis of the theory of criminal law, draws the corresponding conclusions
and develops recommendations in the criminal legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
According to article 58 of Criminal code of the Republic of Uzbekistan at assignment of punishment
for preparation for crime, in particular to premeditated murder (dolus premeditatus),
court is being guided by the general beginnings of assignment of punishment, considers also
weight of crime, extent of implementation of criminal intention and the reason owing to which
crime was not ended; punishment for preparation for simple premeditated murder should not
exceed three quarters of the maximum punishment prescribed by the relevant article of the
Special part of Criminal code of the Republic of Uzbekistan; the rule about the maximum
punishment (three quarters of the maximum punishment prescribed by the relevant article of
the Special part of Criminal code of the Republic of Uzbekistan) is not applied at assignment
of punishment for preparation for premeditated murder under the aggravating circumstances;
for preparation for premeditated murder sentence in the form of lifelong imprisonment cannot
be imposed.


In bacteria, trans‐translation is the primary quality control mechanism for rescuing ribosomes arrested during translation. This key process is universally conserved and plays a crucial role in the viability and virulence of all bacteria. It is performed by transfer‐messenger RNA (tmRNA) and its protein partner small protein B (SmpB). Here, we show that tmRNA is a key molecule that could have given birth to modern protein synthesis. The traces of an ancient RNA world persist in the structure of modern tmRNA, suggesting its old origins. Therefore, since it has both tRNA and mRNA functions, tmRNA could be the missing link that allowed modern genetic code to be read by the ribosome.


Thanks to frozen sperm and frozen embryos, it is possible for a man to have offspring after death, even many years after his death. This is leading to complex legal issues for rich and poor alike, according to an article in the New York Times.


Wind power is often sent out through high voltage direct current transmission system due to its volatility and discontinuity. When wind power is connected to the HVDC, the control strategy of DFIG has certain challenges in dealing with the requirements of low voltage ride through. In this paper, the MMC auxiliary control strategy is used to assist DFIG to achieve low voltage ride through, and the control strategy of wind field side MMC is designed to improve the low voltage ride through ability of the system. The simulation model of DFIG connected to MMC is built in simulation platform to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the control strategy under different voltage drops.


To deal with uncertain environments, autonomous agents need to be able to learn without supervision. However, reward-based interactive learning often exhibits limitations handling both generalizations and exceptions. For these reasons, this research introduces the Context-Aware Learning Model (CALM) and two different learning algorithms. CALM-rLRB combines logistic regression backpropagation in artificial neural networks with hyperbolic reward-based learning. CALM-eLRB adds an empirical knowledge base that enables experience-based learning. CALM is evaluated using four metrics on six synthetic data sets and shows promising performance.


What should we make of Walt Whitman and his legacy on the 200th anniversary of his birth? There have been innumerable exhibits, conferences, readings, and celebrations in the U.S. and around the world to mark the occasion. In a way that is rare for a nineteenth-century writer, Whitman still matters to people today. What accounts for his currency, his being regularly invoked—especially in the U.S. but also internationally—in advertisements, television programs, films, and political speeches? W...


Pointer alias analysis plays an important role in the parallelizing optimization of C program, however, all the previous analyzing algorithm can only be used to analyze the pointer scalars. In this paper, an extended representation for pointto information is presented, which can represent not only the pointto information of pointer scalars, but also the pointto information of pointer arrays. Furthermore, an algorithm of intraprocedural alias analysis for pointer array is presented. This algorithm comprises both the pointer scalar analysis and pointer array analysis. It can be used to efficiently solve some problems which couldn't be solved by the previous algorithm.


Calls are increasingly made for an urban land-use policy that takes non-vision sensory modalities into account, like hearing, but agents capable of making such changes often lack the expertise to do so. The best progress in acoustics so far has been through intentional soundscape design, which considers sound during the urban design process rather than after. Indeed, soundscape designers should understand how complicated factors play out in-situ, such as findings linking increased driving speeds with acoustically treated roads. Armed with this knowledge, they can take action to prevent further harm to the urban landscape. In practice, however, what can happens is 1) papers in soundscape are written in language not interesting to urban designers; 2) research studies examine the current environment without proposing design updates; and 3) different investigators fail to agree on what constitutes wanted and unwanted noise. Each of these shortcomings contributes to a built environment that reflects little of ...


Objective To investigate the effect of thymosin combined with acyclovir in treatment of recurrent genital herpes clinical effect. Methods From August 2009 to August 2011,a total of 90 patients with recurrent genital herpes patients were selected from Department of Dermatology of Sanya City People's Hospital. The patients were divided into observation group and control group. The observation group was treated with oral acyclovir,0. 5 g each time,5 times a day,for 7 days,while giving the thymosin capsule,15 mg each time,3 times a day,10 days of continuous use. The control group was only treated with oral acyclovir,with the same usage of the observation group. Herpes zoster regression of the two groups was observed; after the end of treatment,the two groups of patients were followed up for 1 years,recording 1 years simplex recurrence. Herpes disappearance time and recurrence rate of the two groups were analyzed statistically by t test and χ2test. Results The herpes disappearance time of the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group,respectively( 4. 5 ± 1. 4) d and( 7. 8 ± 1. 3) d,the difference was statistically significant( t = 0. 934,P 0. 05); recurrence were followed up for 1 year,the herpes recurrence rate of the observation group was significantly lower than the control group,respectively 42. 2% and 62. 2%,with significant differences( χ2= 31. 28,P 0. 05). Conclusion Thymosin combined with acyclovir can improve the recurrent genital herpes clinical symptoms in a short period of time and reduce the rate of recurrence with significant clinical effect.


Joint Detection technology is a hot point in the research of TD-SCDMA system.Because of a SNR degradation,JD can not reach the need of system performance when system loads is close to the spread factor.MSJD and iterative multi-user detection are put forth to overcome the problem.When iterative MUD is adopted,the research shows that system performance is close to single user performance after 3 iterations,but its computational complexity grows exponentially with the number of code channel.When MSJD is adopted,complexity is reduced compared with iterative MUD,but system performance of code channels numbered K is only close to system performance of code channels numbered K/2 as JD is used.Considering computational complexity and system performance,multi-step iterative multi-user detection technology is brought forth based on iterative MUD and MSJD.According to simulation,the result can be concluded that complexity is reduced compared with single iterative MUD and system performance is improved compared with single MSJD.


Each generation of lawyers in common law systems faces an important question: what is the nature of equity as developed in English law and inherited by other common law jurisdictions? While some traditional explanations of equity remain useful – including the understanding of equity as a system that qualifies the legal rights people ordinarily have under judge-made law and under legislation – other common explanations are unhelpful or misleading. This paper will form the introduction to a volume of essays considering a distinct and little noticed view of equity. By examining the ways in which courts of equity have addressed a range of practical problems regarding the administration of deliberately created schemes for the management of others' affairs, modern equity can be seen to have a strongly facilitative character. The extent of and limits on this characterisation of equity are explored both in this paper and in others that will be published together as Turner (ed), Equity and Administration (in press, CUP, 2016). The contributions cover equity's attitude to administration in various public and private settings in common law systems.


Botulinum toxin is a group of seven homologous, highly poisonous proteins isolated from fermentation of the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which naturally occurs in soil and can grow on many meats and vegetables. Botulinum toxin causes neuromuscular disorder called botulism, which is a potentially lethal disease. There are three types of botulism: Food, wound, and infant botulism. It can lead to death unless appropriate therapy is done. Due to the severity and potency of botulinum toxin, its importance as a biological weapon is of major concern to public health officials. Nevertheless, botulinum toxin is also medicament.


This study examines the effect of financial ratios on financial indexes. For this purpose, the financial indexes of ASE are examined. In the study, the relation between financial indexes performance and financial ratios are analyzed by time series data. In the analysis 4 financial indexes between 2010 and 2014 have been analyzed. The dependent variable of the study is financial indexes; the independent variables are financial ratios. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by estimating the presence and nature of theses causal associations. The results of Granger causality test revealed that the financial ratios have causal relationship with the performance of ASE indexes. Based on the analysis, the results showed that financial ratios (P/E, P/BV and DIV/YIELD) significantly caused financial indexes performance. The Johansen Cointegration test shows long run relationship among the variables. Some policy implications and recommendations are drawn in the conclusion for policy makers.


The reaction /sup 19/F(p,..cap alpha../sub 0/) /sup 16/O was used to study a parity and isospin forbidden ..cap alpha.. transition. The 1/sup +/, 1 state in /sup 20/Ne (E/sub x/ = 13.482 MeV, GAMMA = 6 keV) was populated by capture of transversally polarized protons. Placing the quantization axis in the reaction plane the ''irregular'' analyzing power A/sup PNC/ was determined. No relevant deviation from zero was observed within a statistical accuracy of ..delta..A/sup PNC/ = 1.1 x 10/sup -3/. An upper limit for the irregular width of the 1/sup +/ level GAMMA/sub ..cap alpha..//sup PNC/<6 x 10/sup -6/ eV was determined.


A video-imaging system was developed to quantify and analyse, in real time, the feeding behaviour of insect larvae exposed to peroral biopesticides. Image processing algorithms were developed to separate the leaf image from the background and to estimate the consumed leaf area in each image. The feeding rhythm was then characterized by: average rate of leaf defoliation, meal size, inter-meal time, number of meals and rate of leaf defoliation per meal. The feeding rhythm was measured for mature larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera), which were pre-fed with the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema riobrave in an alginate gel carrier. The leaf consumption h -1 in the nematode-treated larvae was lower than in the control treatment and the number of meals h -1 was smaller in the nematode treatment than in the control. This pre-mortal effect of the nematodes on larval feeding suggests that plant damage could be reduced significantly during the time between ingestion of the nematodes and mortality. The same system was used to test the effect of feeding Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic cotton to Helicoverpa armigera larvae; it reduced leaf consumption h -1 and increased the inter-meal time. This feeding profile suggests that the Bt toxic protein in the plant suppressed feeding, because the longer resting times than those of the controls were probably needed by the larva to recover from the Bt toxicity. The imaging system could easily be adapted and applied to feeding behaviour analysis in diverse insect pathology and entomology studies.


We present a proposal for photon-pair generation through intermodal fourwave mixing with high-dimensional entanglement in transverse mode. Based on this, we suggest a simple fiber design capable of generating four-dimensional Bell states.


Due to the shortcomings of the Criminal Proceedings in our country.To some extent,the Ploice,Prosecutorial Authority and Court exist a great of unlawful phenomena at the first Proceeding in Criminal.So,how to solve the problem is the focus of the article to discuss.After analysis the legislation about that the author gives some suggestion on how to improve them.


Simple Summary The commonly held view on the coloration of butterfly wings is that the bright colors of the dorsal wing sides are used for display, while the much duller ventral wing sides provide camouflage, specifically when the butterflies are resting. Here, we show that the wings of many butterfly species are so transparent that the light transmitted by the wings, especially during flight, will contribute to butterflies' visibility. Abstract The light reflected by the dorsal side of butterfly wings often functions as a signal for, e.g., mate choice, thermoregulation, and/or predator deterrence, while the ventral wing reflections are generally used for crypsis and camouflage. Here, we propose that transmitted light can also have an important role in visual signaling because, in many butterfly species, the dorsal and ventral wing sides are similarly patterned and locally more or less translucent. Extreme examples are the Japanese yellow swallowtail (Papilio xuthus Linnaeus, 1758) and the Yellow glassy tiger (Parantica aspasia Fabricius, 1787). Their wings exhibit a similar color pattern in reflected and transmitted light, which allows enhanced visual signaling, especially in flight. Contrasting cases in which the coloration and patterning of dorsal and ventral wings strongly differ are the papilionid Papilio nireus Linnaeus, 1758, and the pierid Delias nigrina Fabricius, 1775. The wings observed in reflected or transmitted light then show very different color patterns. Wing translucence thus will strongly affect a butterfly's visual signal.


Address for Correspondence: Sundip Charmode, Department of Anatomy, Assistant Professor, ESIC Medical College Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India. E-Mail: email@example.com Background: A cleft occurs when certain body parts and structures do not fuse together during fetal development. Clefts can involve the lip and/or the roof of the mouth (palate). There are varying opinions on the actual incidence of clefts. Some experts say that the highest cleft incidences are among Asians. As there are very few studies regarding the incidence of cleft lip and palate in North Karnataka, this study was conducted. Materials and Methods: The data was collected from the patients of the hospital of ESIC Medical College Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India. Result: The occurrence of cleft lip was more compared to, in combination with cleft palate and cleft palate alone. The exact cause of cleft lip and palate is not known but most experts agree that the causes of cleft lip and/or palate are multifactorial and may include a genetic predisposition, as well as environmental or nutritional factors. In this study the type of malformation, the difference in the gender of patients, the parental age during marriage and the consanguineous marriage are studied in detail. The Malformations were more on the left side compared to right side. This anomaly was observed more in male patients than female patients. Conclusion: As the parental age is one of the predisposing factor. In this study the age of parents was found less than Twenty years in most of the cases. The consanguineous marriage is also considered as one of the risk factor, this study found that most of the parents had consanguineous marriage.


PURPOSE
To evaluate the capabilities of multisection computed tomography (CT) in determining the likelihood of invasiveness of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The institutional review board approved this research and waived informed consent from the patients. Two radiologists blinded to the pathologic assessment of malignancy or parenchymal invasion of IPMN retrospectively evaluated CT images of 61 consecutive surgically resected tumors (26 adenomas, 15 noninvasive carcinomas, and 20 invasive carcinomas) in patients who underwent multiphase contrast material-enhanced CT with 0.5- or 1-mm collimation. The findings were statistically analyzed by using univariate and multivariate analyses, with the optimal cutoff levels of each continuous parameter determined by generating receiver operating characteristic curves.

RESULTS
The following findings showed significant differences among the three groups: maximum diameter of the main pancreatic duct (MPD), size (length of major axis) of the largest mural nodule in the MPD or in any associated cystic lesion, abnormal attenuating area in the surrounding parenchyma, calcification in the lesion, protrusion of the MPD into the ampulla of Vater, and bile duct dilatation. An MPD diameter of 6 mm or larger, a mural nodule of 3 mm or larger, and an abnormal attenuating area were independently predictive of malignancy. A mural nodule of 6.3 mm or larger in the MPD and an abnormal attenuating area were independently predictive of parenchymal invasion. According to these criteria, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for identifying malignancy were 83%, 81%, and 82% and for identifying parenchymal invasion were 90%, 88%, and 89%, respectively.

CONCLUSION
Multisection CT is useful for distinguishing among adenoma, noninvasive carcinoma, and invasive carcinoma in patients with IPMN.


Recently,termination of the employment contract between Wuhan University and seriously ill Professor Zhang Zaiyuan was publicized in the media and aroused hot discussion.This event exposed that the management of teachers recruited from outside has yet to be further improved after the reform of university personnel system.Affirming the fact that university teachers recruited from outside definitely made certain achievements,this paper indicates the problems in the management of teachers recruited from outside in many universities.The contracts between universities and teachers recruited from outside are labor contracts and the management of teachers recruited from outside should be normalized under the guidance of Labor Contract Law and relevant labor laws and regulations.This can promote independent employment of universities,maintain the legitimate rights and interests of universities and teachers recruited from outside.


The biometric system's primary objective is to automatically differentiate between individuals and to secure records. Also, it defends access to services against unauthorized users. Here it has been developed a biometric authentication framework which is a valid alternative to traditional methods. These demands are difficult for the single modality of biometric systems today and the solution is to integrate additional information sources to enhance the decision-making process. A multi-biometric system brings together information from several biometric characteristics, algorithms, sensors and other components in a decision on recognition. Research and marketing activities in this area have experienced exponential growth in recent years, and this trend is expected to continue. In this article, we propose a novel Advanced Optimized Fuzzy Interference System (AOFIS) approach to fusing the iris and fingerprint at score level for multimodal biometric authentication fusion. We mainly explore in-depth fusion and their potential application as biometric identifications of iris and fingerprint. In score levels, individual comparative scores obtained from the iris and fingerprints are combined to identify the user as genuine or imposter based on scores of fusion methods. In this study, we used Min-Max normalization techniques for Gabor-HOG as already existing and compared this with our proposed AOFIS method. The database templates and input data are compared by the FAR, FRR and accuracy error rates parameters. The FAR, FRR and ACCURACY are compared with various threshold levels. It had obtained minimal False Acceptance Rate (FAR) & False Rejection Rate (FRR) for AOFIS in experimental analysis and high Accuracy Rate while comparing with Gabor-HOG. Fused scores are thus used to classify an unknown user as the genuine or impostor. It can be used for multipurpose purposes such as authentication and attendance in any kind of company as banking, government subsidies, etc.


Different goat immune tissues were used as raw materials,RNA was extracted by sodium chloride-citric sodium and phenol-the thin salt methods.The most extraction rate was 1.56‰,1.50‰,1.82‰ and 1.42‰,1.27‰,1.64‰ respectively from different immune tissues(liver、spleen and lymph).The result showed that the phenol-thin salt method was better.


Thin film of metal organic polymer copper acetylacetonate (CuAA) were prepared by means of glow discharge plasma polymerization. The obtained film showed a variety of colors and different electrical properties depending on the plasma conditions. The film resistivity changes from 10Ω cm to 10 6Ω cm The film structure was investigated using IR spectra and SEM.


Continuous-variable quantum-computing (CVQC) is the most scalable implementation of QC to date but requires non-Gaussian resources to allow exponential speedup and quantum correction, using error encoding such as Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) states. However, GKP state generation is still an experimental challenge. We show theoretically that photon catalysis, the interference of coherent states with single-photon states followed by photon-number-resolved detection, is a powerful enabler for non-Gaussian quantum state engineering such as exactly displaced single-photon states and $M$-symmetric superpositions of squeezed vacuum (SSV), including squeezed cat states ($M=2$). By including photon-counting based state breeding, we demonstrate the potential to enlarge SSV states and produce GKP states.


Dispersed Al2O3 powders with differently distributed particle sizes have been obtained. The most suitable sizes of the dispersed powders for aerosol generation by a pneumatic method have been determined. Viscosity, pH, and Zeta potential of suspensions with different Al2O3 concentrations have been studied. The effect of pH, dispersion, and concentration on the suspension viscosity, which affects the ability of aerosol formation in the processes to obtain polyaluminosilicate sol systems (a highly dispersed filler powder), has been determined. Ceramic coatings for printed circuit boards have been obtained by 3D aerosol printing.


Objective To appraise the operation occasion and compare the efficacious rates of postoperative complications after phacoemulsification(PHACO)and extracapsular cataract extraction(ECCE)combined with in- traocular lens implantation for diabetic cataract patients.Methods From 1999 to 2003,99 eyes 86 cases of diabetic cataract were extracted with ECCE or PHACO group.All cases had been followed up for 8~18 months.The effects of operations and postoperative complications were analyzed.Results All diabetic cataract cases including preoperative hyper- glycemia were operated safely.The rate of uncorrected visual acuity of PHACO group were better than ECCE group,with significant statistical difference(X~2=17.536 P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications such as fihrin-like extravasation,pigmentation on the IOL,iris posterior synechia,cystoid macular edema in PHACO group was lower than that of ECCE group(X~2=3.980,4.821,4.726和3.621,P<0.05 for all).Conclusion Selection of eligible operation occasion,PHACO is better than ECCE for the treatment of diabetic cataract with good tolerance,safety and less complica- tions.