There is little doubt that, unless some radically new form of motive power emerges, the railways of the future will be operated by electricity. What forms will they take, and how will they compete with other forms of transport?


A Chinese geographer explores changes in inter-provincial rural income inequality in China since the late-1970s economic reforms by decomposing it into different component factors based on the Gini index (more specifically, into contributions by different income sources: wages, household operations, properties, and transfers). The influence of each factor on inequality changes is further decomposed into its structure effects and its real inequality effects. Quantitative analysis then makes it possible to determine the relative influence of each component on changes in rural provincial inequality over time.


Parabolic PDEs and Deterministic Games By Robert V. Kohn Parabolic partial differential equations seem very different from first-order Hamilton–Jacobi equations. Parabolic equations are linked to random walks, and often arise as steepest descents; Hamilton–Jacobi equations have characteristics, and often arise from optimal control problems. But appearances can be deceiving. Some parabolic (and elliptic) PDEs are surprisingly similar to Hamilton–Jacobi equations. In my talk at ICIAM, I explained why, drawing on recent work with Sylvia Serfaty [7]. To keep things simple, I focus on two key examples: (i) Motion with constant velocity. Consider the evolution of a region Ω in the plane as its boundary moves inward with constant velocity 1 (Figure 1, left). The evolution is completely characterized by the arrival time u ( x ) = time at which the moving boundary passes through x. This function solves the Hamilton–Jacobi equation (1)


The study objective was to assess the relationship between descriptive and valuational quality-of-life measures in patients with intermittent claudication. In telephone inter views, 68 patients completed a questionnaire consisting of a descriptive health status measure (RAND 36-Item Health Survey 1.0), and several valuational measures (stan dard gamble, time tradeoff, rating scale, and McMaster health utility index). All mea sures demonstrated reduced quality of life in the patients. Scores on the RAND-36 dimensions correlated moderately well with the rating scale and McMaster health utility index (R = 0.37-0.67) but less well with the standard gamble and the time tradeoff (R = 0.10-0.46). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that 28% of the variance in the time-tradeoff values and 14% of the variance of the standard-gamble utilities could be explained by the best combination of RAND dimensions. These results suggest that answers to descriptive health-status questions cannot reliably predict standard-gamble utilities or time-tradeoff values. Key words: quality of life; health status; utility assess ment ; peripheral vascular diseases; intermittent claudication. (Med Decis Making 1996;16:217-225)


Along the trend of digital transformation, brand website does not only promote brand image, but it also provides an experience in the path-to-purchase. With the incorporation of ecommerce capabilities on brand websites, we will need to revisit how we do website analytics to suit the new needs. The increased online usage allows for big data analysis with real-time behavioural data. This paper presents a new methodology for web analytics. Based on a case study of real-life brand store website in Hong Kong, the exploration study employs the new use of machine learning technique – UX2Vec, an unsupervised learning methodology for vectorization and embedding, plus k-Means clustering algorithm to discover insights and suggest improvement. An analysis was performed with 30-day data of 69,648 page view records gathered from the website. The proposed method led to a successful clustering result to characterize the website based on machine learning technique.


This paper gives a definitive solution to the problem of describing conjugacy classes in arbitrary Coxeter groups in terms of cyclic shifts. Let (W, S) be a Coxeter system. A cyclic shift of an element w ∈ W is a conjugate of w of the form sws for some simple reflection s ∈ S such that `S(sws) ≤ `S(w). The cyclic shift class of w is then the set of elements of W that can be obtained from w by a sequence of cyclic shifts. Given a subset K ⊆ S such that WK := 〈K〉 ⊆W is finite, we also call two elements w, w′ ∈W K-conjugate if w, w′ normalise WK and w′ = w0(K)ww0(K), where w0(K) is the longest element of WK . Let O be a conjugacy class in W , and let Omin be the set of elements of minimal length in O. Then Omin is the disjoint union of finitely many cyclic shift classes C1, . . . , Ck. We define the structural conjugation graph associated toO to be the graph with vertices C1, . . . , Ck, and with an edge between distinct vertices Ci, Cj if they contain representatives u ∈ Ci and v ∈ Cj such that u, v are K-conjugate for some K ⊆ S. In this paper, we compute explicitely the structural conjugation graph associated to any conjugacy class in W , and show in particular that it is connected (that is, any two conjugate elements of W differ only by a sequence of cyclic shifts and K-conjugations). Along the way, we obtain several results of independent interest, such as a description of the centraliser of an infinite order element w ∈ W , as well as the existence of natural decompositions of w as a product of a "torsion part" and of a "straight part", with useful properties.


Support vector machines (SVM) are gaining more and more acceptance due to their success in many real-world problems. We propose in this work a solution for implementing SVM in hardware. The main idea is to use a recurrent network for SVM learning that guarantees the globally convergence to the optimal solution without the use of penalty terms. This network improves our and other authors' previous solutions. The recurrent network is suitable for a straightforward analog VLSI realization; the digital solution can be derived through a discretization (in time) of the circuit.


Using the Calderon-Zygmund operator theory,we obtain a Calderon-type representation theorem,and a generalized area integral characterization for Hardy spaces is obtained by its application.


A liquid oxygen / liquid methane 2,000 lbf thruster was designed and tested in conjuction with a nozzle heat exchanger for cold helium pressurization. Cold helium pressurization systems offer significant spacecraft vehicle dry mass savings since the pressurant tank size can be reduced as the pressurant density is increased. A heat exchanger can be incorporated into the main engine design to provide expansion of the pressurant supply to the propellant tanks. In order to study the systems integration of a cold-helium pressurization system, a 2,000 lbf thruster with a nozzle heat exchanger was designed for integration into the Project Morpheus vehicle at NASA Johnson Space Center. The testing goals were to demonstrate helium loading and initial conditioning to low temperatures, high-pressure/low temperature storage, expansion through the main engine heat exchanger, and propellant tank injection/pressurization. The helium pressurant tank was an existing 19 inch diameter composite-overwrap tank, and the targert conditions were 4500 psi and -250 F, providing a 2:1 density advantage compared to room tempatrue storage. The thruster design uses like-on-like doublets in the injector pattern largely based on Project Morpheus main engine hertiage data, and the combustion chamber was designed for an ablative chamber. The heat exchanger was installed at the ablative nozzle exit plane. Stand-alone engine testing was conducted at NASA Stennis Space Center, including copper heat-sink chambers and highly-instrumented spoolpieces in order to study engine performance, stability, and wall heat flux. A one-dimensional thermal model of the integrated system was completed. System integration into the Project Morpheus vehicle is complete, and systems demonstrations will follow.


against the backdrop of verbal sources—chronicles, official reports, and the like—that have constituted the mainstay of Muscovite historiography for a long time. Peasants were becoming fixed to specific land through serfdom at the same time diat the tsar's realm was expanding eastward into western Siberia and beyond. Space, Kivelson maintains, provided a framework for understanding conquest, evaluating interactions with non-Russian and specifically non-Christian peoples, and constituting political authority. The discussion of empire, in particular the sense of divine sanction, is convincing, as is her explanation for the co-existence among Muscovite authorities of Christian mission on the one hand, and minimal efforts to convert indigenous peoples on die other. The counterpoint between violence on the ground and imperial paradise on the maps evocatively revisits and extends her recent essays in Kritika and elsewhere that strive to account for die coexistence of coercion and collaboration in Muscovite politics. Ultimately the book has two leading stars: the maps themselves, some of which are exquisitely reproduced, and Remezov, whose presence towers over Muscovite representations of Siberia. The visuals include thirty-one full-color glossy plates and many black-andwhite figures and reproductions. The press is to be commended for the quality of the reproductions and for its willingness to go to the expense of including them in the volume while still keeping the price under $30.00! My one quibble here is the absence of a checklist of plates and figures, an irksome omission that the publisher might want to redress in subsequent printings. It is a measure of the book's vitality that it raises many first-order questions, far more than can be answered with finality in any single monograph. Let me offer a few here, not as skepticism or criticism but rather as matters that piqued my own curiosity. First, there is the source base. Kivelson has amassed hundreds of maps, apparently a large haul for early modern Europe. In some cases, however, a very few of these maps are used to make very big claims. Remezov's opus, in particular, looms very large for the chapters on Siberia, and I wonder how different the argument might be if diis one towering figure had not been so productive. Similarly, the effort to extrapolate popular religiosity from the maps is marvelously suggestive, and as "evidence that Christian imagery... came readily to mind" (103), convincing. Kivelson shows that the imagery of gardens, trees, and landscapes, derived from icons of recent vintage. Here one cannot help but inquire just how much "popular belief" (115) was involved. Perhaps these were the only templates available, and, in searching for modes of expression, the mapmakers merely reproduced diem mechanically. This is all small beer. Cartographies of Tsardom is a marvelous book, and it deserves a very wide and attentive audience.


ABSTRACT Brazil is the world's largest producer, consumer and exporter of seeds of tropical forage species. However, production has been threatened by the presence of fungi and phytonematodes, which may reduce the productivity and / or the quality of produced seeds, besides constituting sanitary barriers for several countries that import these seeds. Considering Brachiaria spp., the main diseases are honeydew and smut in the seeds, caused by the fungi Claviceps maximensis and Ustilago operta , respectively. Despite the great demand by the productive sector, there are few studies related to control strategies for these diseases. Thus, this study was carried out with the aim of evaluating fungicide efficiency in the control of these diseases. Four experiments were implemented, two of them in Embrapa Gado de Corte, in Campo Grande-MS, and two in Paraiso das Aguas-MS. The cultivars BRS Piata and Xaraes, both belonging to Brachiaria brizantha, were used. The effects of several fungicides (g ai / ha) were evaluated; they were applied in three periods for Campo Grande: plants with 10% anthesis, 20 and 40 days after the first application. In Paraiso das Aguas, fungicides were applied only once, in plants with 10% anthesis. For the cultivar BRS Piata, in Campo Grande, the best results for honeydew control were obtained with treatments T7 (trifloxystrobin + cyproconazole (150.0 + 64.0)) and T11 (first application: pyraclostrobin (97.5) + epoxiconazole (60.0), second application: tebuconazole (120.0), third application: pyraclostrobin (97.5) + epoxiconazole (60.0)). For


This paper presents the identification and analysis of a set of four 'oblique constraints'-named as progress dogma, future nudge, means and ends, and infrastraints-which act as pervasive but often unacknowledged constraining influences that shape design practice and by extension limit future possibilities. We ask: How and why is power exerted? How might this lead to impoverished or problematic futures? How can this dynamic be changed from a design perspective? Drawing from examples of recent work around renewable energy we show how design can be reconstrained to reveal new pathways and encourage more inclusive, holistic, and environmentally responsible futures.


Abstract : The problem of path keeping of marine vehicles along curved paths is considered. In particular, we are concerned with circular arcs that join two consecutive straight line segments. This provides smooth path changes between one segment and the next utilizing a purely geometric reference path construction. Pure pursuit guidance is coupled with orientation angle control law to ensure stability and accuracy. Sensitivity analysis with respect to inaccuracies in the knowledge of the vehicle hydrodynamic characteristics is performed. The results demonstrate the validity of this approach and offer a way to achieve accurate path keeping in confined spaces.


With latest experimental data the solar neutrino problem enters new phase when crucial aspects of the problem can be formulated in an essentially (solar) model independent way. Original neutrino fluxes can be considered as free parameters to be found from the solar neutrino experiments. Resonance flavour conversion gives the best fit of all experimental results. Already existing data allow one to constraint both the neutrino parameters and the original neutrino fluxes. The reconciliation of the solution of the solar neutrino problem with other neutrino mass hints (atmospheric neutrino problem, hot dark matter etc.) may require the existence of new very light singlet fermion. Supersymmetry can provide a framework within which the desired properties of such a light fermion follow naturally. The existence of the fermion can be related to axion physics, mechanism of $\mu$-term generation etc..


PURPOSE: To eliminate the need of storing data incapable of being used for a transmission signal generator by a data recorder and to increase the number of images capable of being stored in the data recorder. CONSTITUTION: A data compression device 76 makes input image data into the non-correlation of division band component data. The data recorder 78 stores component data and a data compression release device 80 releases the compression of data from the data recorder. A transmission signal generator 82 generates a transmission signal whose band width is restricted. A data arraying unit, a quantizer and an entropy encoder in the data compression device 76 cooperatively remove frequency component information incapable of being transmitted by a transmission signal whose band width is restricted from a data stream.


The energy‐based refinement of protein structures generated by fold prediction algorithms to atomic‐level accuracy remains a major challenge in structural biology. Energy‐based refinement is mainly dependent on two components: (1) sufficiently accurate force fields, and (2) efficient conformational space search algorithms. Focusing on the latter, we developed a high‐resolution refinement algorithm called GRID. It takes a three‐dimensional protein structure as input and, using an all‐atom force field, attempts to improve the energy of the structure by systematically perturbing backbone dihedrals and side‐chain rotamer conformations. We compare GRID to Backrub, a stochastic algorithm that has been shown to predict a significant fraction of the conformational changes that occur with point mutations. We applied GRID and Backrub to 10 high‐resolution (≤ 2.8 Å) crystal structures from the Protein Data Bank and measured the energy improvements obtained and the computation times required to achieve them. GRID resulted in energy improvements that were significantly better than those attained by Backrub while expending about the same amount of computational resources. GRID resulted in relaxed structures that had slightly higher backbone RMSDs compared to Backrub relative to the starting crystal structures. The average RMSD was 0.25 ± 0.02 Å for GRID versus 0.14 ± 0.04 Å for Backrub. These relatively minor deviations indicate that both algorithms generate structures that retain their original topologies, as expected given the nature of the algorithms. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dementia prevention program participation on cognitive function, & health fitness in elderly female. Research subjects were composed of 40 elderly 65 years old female in 'S' public health center and 'S' dementia support center of Seoul Area who have normal cognitive function. They were divided into two types of groups; dementia prevention program exercise group(n=20) and non-exercise group(n=20). Observation variables were two types of groups and pre(first), post(12weeks) test in two time. Cognitive function test was MMSE-K, & health fitness test was strength, muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, balance, agility, body fat precent (%). Results found from such a comparative analysis study was as follows; dementia prevention program had a positive effect on cognitive function(MMSE-K) in elderly female. And dementia prevention program had a positive effect on health fitness(strength, muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, balance, agility, body fat precent) in elderly female. In conclusion, it could be know the positive effects of dementia prevention program on cognitive function, & health fitness in elderly female.


As life expectancies rise globally, the number of people living with multiple chronic health conditions – commonly referred to as 'multimorbidity' – is rising. Multimorbidity has been recognised as especially challenging to respond to in countries whose health systems are under-funded, fragmented, and designed primarily for acute care, including in sub-Saharan Africa. A growing body of research in sub-Saharan Africa has sought to better understand the particular challenges multimorbidity poses in the region and to develop context-sensitive responses. However, with multimorbidity still crystallising as a subject of enquiry, there remains considerable heterogeneity in conceptualising multimorbidity across disciplines and fields, hindering coordinated action. In June 2022, 60 researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders with regional expertise from nine sub-Saharan African countries gathered in Blantyre, Malawi to discuss ongoing multimorbidity research across the region. Drawing on insights from disciplines including epidemiology, public health, clinical medicine, anthropology, history, and sociology, participants critically considered the meaning, singular potential, and limitations of the concept of multimorbidity in sub-Saharan Africa. The workshop emphasised  the need to move beyond a disease-centred concept of multimorbidity to one foregrounding patients' values, needs, and social context; the importance of foregrounding structures and systems rather than behaviour and lifestyles; the value of a flexible (rather than standard) definition of multimorbidity; and the need to leverage local knowledge, expertise, resources, and infrastructure. The workshop further served as a platform for exploring opportunities for training, writing, and ongoing collaboration.


Two spatial data sets are considered to be similar if they originate from the same stochastic process in terms of their spatial structure. Many tests have been developed over recent years to test the similarity of certain types of spatial data, such as spatial point patterns, geostatistical data and images. This research proposes a generic spatial similarity test able to handle various types of spatial data, for example images (modelled spatially), point patterns, marked point patterns, geostatistical data and lattice patterns. A simulation study is done in order to test the method for each spatial data set. After the simulation study, it was concluded that the proposed spatial similarity test is not sensitive to the user-defined resolution of the pixel image representation. From the simulation study, the proposed spatial similarity test performs well on lattice data, some of the unmarked point patterns and the marked point patterns with discrete marks. We illustrate this test on property prices in the City of Cape Town and the City of Johannesburg, South Africa.


The present invention relates to a crankcase purification device for a dual fuel engine, and a purge gas supply for supplying a purge gas for purging the interior of the crank case, a path for supplying a purge gas into the crankcase from the purge gas supply provided that supply lines and mounted to the supply line, and may include the opening and closing unit for opening and closing the supply of the purge gas, exhaust line, which is installed to exhaust the crankcase. Accordingly, the invention is double by removing the existing fuel gases in the crankcase of a fuel engine and prevent the explosion of the fuel gas flowing out of the crankcase, and further, removal of exactly the fuel gas to determine if the fuel gas existing in the crankcase It has the effect of minimizing the effort and expense of the process. Dual fuel engine, a crank case, a purge gas, fuel gas, supply line, the gas sensor


This paper defined the connotation and function of campus culture and saw through present campus culture of universities and colleges in five ways.Meanwhile,according to the four aspects of the refinement and innovation of features,the jointly building,the construction of carriers and the opening and exchanges,it put forward the proposals of innovation of campus culture to expand the new areas of education and emphasize the cultural theme.


The article addresses the concept of value and its meaning in philosophy, legal philosophy and law. It investigates the reception of the philosophical doctrine of value with its debate on value judgements in legal philosophy and searches for a possibility to justify values of the law. In this article, a "subjective-objectifying" value justification of the law is developed on the basis of a value-creating human nature.


The spontaneous association of M(NH 3 ) 6 3+ complexes (M=Ru, Co) with polyacrylate anions (PAAs) in aqueous solution was investigated by means of cyclic and rotating disk voltammetry at graphite electrodes. Equilibrium constants, K b , for the association reactions were estimated and their dependences on pH, ionic strength, and the molecular weight of the polyacrylate were established. The values of K b ranged between 10 3 and 10 4 M -1 for both M(NH 3 ) 6 3+ complexes


The Panama Canal is one of the fundamental global transoceanic routes. In 1999 and after the management of the Canal was returned to the state of Panama, the PCA, a public/private organism, was formalised. The PCA is in charge of the management of boat traffic as well as the maintenance of this infrastructure. In 1999 a Master Plan was developed with the aim of modernizing the Canal to adapt it to the necessities of global maritime traffic as the carrying capacity of very large boats increased. The final output of the project is the construction of two new and larger locks. This case study has been selected as a paradigmatic example of megaprojects due to its huge environmental, economic and social impacts. Its analysis will improve the knowledge about the relationship among inequality, development and environment. This article is divided into the following parts: 1) a brief presentation of the Canal and its technical management; 2) an analysis of the different alternatives offered for its enlargement proposed by PCA; 3) a description of the social management of the project and 4) an analysis of the relationship among megaprojects, inequalities, power and risk.


In this paper an approximation algorithm for the three-dimensional bin packing problem is proposed and its performance bound is investigated. To obtain such a bound a modified bin packing algorithm is considered for a two-dimensional problem with bounded bin and its area utilization is estimated. Finally, a hard example gives a lower bound of the performance bound. '


As in the past, Monte Carlo event generators will play a vital rôle for the physics analysis of events at present and future hadron colliders like the Tevatron, HERAII and, of course, the LHC. The particular advantages of the simulation of single events with a multi-purpose event generator like HERWIG [1,2] or Pythia [3] are all related to the fact that a fully exclusive final state is obtained. This allows to run the output through the same analysis tools as the data that was measured, thereby allowing to apply e.g. the same physical cuts as those applied to the data after the generation of events. This means that the events generated by the Monte Carlo program are treated in exactly the same way as the data from the measurement. In this overview we revisit the basic facts and features of multi-purpose event-generators. In the following we consider some recent approaches to a significant improvement of the quality of event generators with the help of matrix elements: methods to match the results of matrix element calculations with those of the parton shower approach are discussed in Sec. 2. Finally, in Sec. 3 we describe the ongoing development of Herwig++ .


Polymer electrolyte membrane that has high proton conductivity and low methanol permeability are necessary for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). A sodium alginate (SA)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/montmorillonite (MMT)/graphene oxide (GO) quaternary composite membrane was effectively developed in this study. The homogeneous distribution of MMT and GO nanosheets in the SA/PVA/MMT/GO composite membrane was exhibited by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Intriguingly, it has been established that the SA/PVA membrane contains chemical crosslinks between MMT and GO, which significantly contribute to the rise in proton conductivity. The SA/PVA/MMT/GO hybrid membrane has minimum loss modulus of 47.91% and storage modulus of up to 2.689 × 109 Pa, which are 3.8 times greater than those of SA/PVA‐MMT membrane without GO. This value indicates the viscosity and elasticity of the produced membrane. The quaternary composite membrane also exhibits outstanding oxidative stability and methanol barrier characteristics. The methanol permeability of SA/PVA/MMT/GO films 0.524 × 10−9 cm2 s−1, with methanol absorption as low as 9.72%. The best membrane performs at a high‐power density (1.761 mW/cm2) of DMFC at a GO content of 1.3 wt% because it obtains the maximum selectivity value (7.0529 × 106 S scm−3). Future commercial membranes may be replaced by the innovative quaternary membrane created in this work, which has significant potential.


Sediment chemistry (total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP)), microbial respiration (dehydrogenase activity, DHA), and ecoenzyme activity (EEA) were meas- ured in 4 zones of similarity in the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). DHA and EEA reflected the differences in C and N availability associated with proximity to the discharges of the Mississippi and Atchafalaya Rivers, and EEA represented the interface between microbial demands for, and environmental supplies of, nutrients. DHA was positively correlated with β-glucosidase (BG, r = 0.30), (β-N-acetyl glucosaminidase + L-leucine amino peptidase) ((NAG + LAP), 0.65), acid phos- phatase (AP, 0.17), and aryl sulfatase (SULF, 0.42). EEAs were positively correlated with each other (0.34�0.76). DHA (0.22�0.33), (NAG + LAP) (0.46�0.64), and SULF (0.17-0.56) were posi- tively correlated with TC, TN, and TP, while BG (0.58�0.60) and AP (0.50�0.58) were correlated only with TC and TN. Carbon use efficiency (CUE) and organic C decomposition rate (M), both based on ecoenzyme models, were positively correlated with TN and TC (0.43�0.46) and TC, TN, and TP (0.24�0.60), respectively. Modeled respiration (Rm), based on M, TC, and sediment bulk density, was correlated with sediment chemistry (0.17�0.90), and with DHA (0.50). All measured chemistry, DHA, EEA, and modeled decomposition parameters exhibited significant cruise, zone, and sediment depth effects, but few significant interaction effects. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed a causal relationship between sediment chemistry, EEA, and DHA, explaining 46% of the variance in DHA. As such, the relative activities of the functional classes of ecoen- zymes are both a measure of nutrient availability and ecosystem metabolism that may be used to assess large-scale phenomena, such as regional impacts of anthropogenic disturbances.


This paper introduces the design and development of the Reader/Writer device and the S6700 communication agreement. The hardware configuration and driver program and the software flow chart of the system are presented. With ATMEL's ATmega128 micro-processor and Ti's 13.56MHz multi-protocol transceiver IC-S6700 to design an RFID Reader/Writer device in accordance.


The aim of this study was to improve a non-surgical technique for porcine embryo transfer that would be more effective and could be operated as easy as artificial insemination in the pig farm. Embryos were collected surgically from 13 gilts at 5 to 7 days post insemination by flushing uterine horns. A total of 144 embryos were immediately transferred into 11 recipients, 1 sow and 10 gilts, by the transcervical method with 2 types of balloon catheters (FA 361 and FA 1466 catheter, Fujihira Industries, Ltd., Tokyo). The recipient pigs were anesthetized and their heads laid down on the slope fastening their legs securely. After cleaning the external genitalia, the balloon catheter was inserted into the cervix through the vaginal speculum and fixed in the cervical canal by swelling the balloon. The number of embryos ranging from 5 to 26 per pig (Average: 13±6.8), of which developmental stages were morulae to hatched blastocyst, were transferred into the uterine horn through a catheter with a small volume of sterile physiological saline. Nine of 11 recipients (81.8%) got pregnant, while 2 of 9 pregnant pigs had an abortion at early time of gestation. The remaining 7 pigs farrowed a total of 25 live piglets (3.6±1.5). The embryonic survival rate was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the recipients transferred embryos by the catheter FA 1466 than in those by the catheter FA 361, although there was no significant difference in pregnancy rate. Moreover, in the catheter FA 1466-group, the number of young correlated closely with the number of transferred embryos (r=0.99, P<0.01). The results showed that the balloon catheter could be used for non-surgical transfer of porcine embryos, but the embryonic survival rate was affected by the type of catheter.


In this paper we consider the solution for an N players non-cooperative differential game affected by some sort of uncertainties. The problem analyzed is linear quadratic in nature, and the uncertainty affecting the game is square integrable, which is seen as a malicious fictitious player trying to maximize the cost function of each player. In order to find the solution to this problem we solve a robust form of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation, which allows us to find the robust equilibrium strategies for each player and in turn to solve a Coupled Riccati Differential Equation.


Research in "UD. Sumber Rejeki" has aim to knowing financial
performance at "UD. Sumber Rejeki' in terms Return On Assets (ROA) and Fixed
Asset Turnover (FATO). Financial performance was measured using return on assets
(ROA) and Fixed Assets turnover (FATO). Research method used descriptive and this
research execution used the purposive. The data obtained from the "UD. Sumber
Rejeki" the type of data used there 2 that is primary data and secondary data. While
the source of the data is got from financial data of "UD. Sumber Rejeki", and
literature book. Result of the research show that in financial performance in "UD.
Sumber Rejeki"occur an increasing ROA during year 2009 until year 2013 valued of
72,17% to 79,22%. And for FATO is occur a decreasing during year 2009 until year
2013 valued of 12,15 times to 16,31 times.To knowing financial performance in "UD.
Sumber Rejeki" calculation using the formula ROA is to find net profit is divided
with assets then multiplied by one hundred percent and Fato formula is to find sales
divided by total fixed assets.
Keywords: The Financial Performance, Return On Asset , Fixed Asset Turnover


Objective
To investigate the correlation between NOTCH3 polymorphic locus rs1043994 and white matter lesions (WML).

Methods
The enrolled subjects were elderly in the outpatient clinic for health check-up from January 2015 to January 2017. According to the results of cranial MR examination, 337 elderly people were divided into the WML group (n=172) and normal control group (n=165). The inclusion criteria were: (1) age ≥ 50 years old; (2) those who can cooperate with head MRI examination; (3) those who understand the study and agree to retain blood samples for SNP testing. Exclusion criteria were: (1) previous neurological diseases such as cerebrovascular disease, intracranial infection, dementia, and trauma; (2) having a history of mental illness; (3) suffering from serious diseases such as liver and kidney dysfunction, heart disease, tumors. The clinical data of the subjects were collected and the peripheral venous blood was extracted for DNA extraction. The cognitive function was evaluated by the Mini-mental State Examination. The genotyping of the subjects was carried out by restriction endonuclease. The correlation between rs1043994 polymorphism and WML was analyzed by Logistic regression.

Results
There was no significant difference in gender, education level, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, uric acid and Hcy between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the WML group had a higher average age and a higher proportion of hypertension (P<0.05), and the Mini-mental State Examination scores between the two groups were statistically significant different (P<0.01). The genotypes (AA, AG, GG) frequency and allele (A, G) frequency distribution of rs1043994 were statistically different between the two groups (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age (P=0.001), hypertension (P=0.012) and AA genotype (P=0.019) were independent risk factors of WML (P<0.05). The risk of WML in AA genotype is 2.512 times higher than that in AG/GG genotype.

Conclusions
The rs1043994 polymorphism of NOTCH3 gene is associated with WML in the elderly population, and the A allele is a susceptibility gene for WML. The rs1043994 polymorphism of the NOTCH3 gene may be a genetic risk factor for WML in the Chinese elderly population.

Key words:
NOTCH3 gene; Single nucleotide polymorphisms; White matter lesions; Genotype; Allele


AbstractDevelopment of a simplified approach for monitoring the cables of cable-stayed bridges is described in this article. The method introduced in this paper uses the distributed measurement of strains along the bridge deck to detect the cables that have totally or partially lost their tensile force. The fundamental principle employed in formulating the method is the interrelationship between the individual cable forces and the bending moment along the bridge span. The proposed method was evaluated through an experimental program that involved fabrication and testing of a reduced scale model of a single plane cable-stayed bridge. Distributed strain along the span length was monitored by a Brillouin Optical (Neubrex, Hyogo, Japan) Time Domain Analysis fiber optic sensor system. Strain gauges, Fiber Bragg Grating sensors (Technica Optical Component, LLC, Beijing, China), and a finite element model of the bridge were employed for evaluating the efficiency of the proposed method. Several different damage c...


Fifteen spring peepers and 20 wood frogs were collected in April 1993 from 2 temporar y ponds in southeaster n Wisconsin. Five species of adult and larval nematodes , 4 species of adult and larval trematodes , and 1 larval cestode infected wood frogs. Spring peeper s harbored 1 adult and 1 larval nematode species as well as 1 adult and 5 larval trematode species . Sixteen of 20 (80%) wood frogs were infected with helminths. Mean species richnes and mean helminth abundanc e were 2.15 and 4.90, respectively. Eight of 15 (53%) spring peeper s were infected. Only 1 individual was infected by more than 1 helminth species and only 1 parasit e species infected more than 1 spring peeper . Low prevalence and intensities of helminths as well as low diversity within infracommunities sugges t depauperate , isolationist helminth communities in these 2 populations of anurans . This work represent s new records for 5 helminth species in Wisconsi n wood frogs and 3 helminth species in Wisconsi n spring peepers .


This paper aims at analyzing learners' attitudes to weblogs and wikis which are common for communication in the networked world. The present investigation into application of wikis in English classes is compared with our previous research into weblogging. Our findings show that the experience of online writing for the audience provides an important opportunity for improving writing skills. Learners' attitudes to weblogs and wikis are examined and a possible practical implication is indicated. Article in English


This paper studies the uncertain assignment problems with intervals.A formula are given to calculate the incidence degree with intervals and an analysis method for assignment problems with intervals based on incidence degree is proposed.Finally,a numerical example is given to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.


A survey of terrestrial mollusks was conducted out in various locations in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region between 1974 and 1976 and in 2000.In the survey,52 species of land snails belonging to 22 genera and 9 families were collected.The dominant family was found to be Bradybaenidae,which was represented by 22 species.This was followed by Succineidae,which was represented by 9 species.Among the 52 species and subspecies,six species,Cochlicopa lubrica(Muller),Bradybaena(Bradybaena) similaris s.(Ferussac),B.(B.) phaeozona(Martens,1874),Cathaica(Pliocathaica) pulveratrix(Martens),Ponsadenia(Mesasiata) duplocincta(Martens,1879) and Derocerus(Agriolimax) agreste(Linne),were found to be intermediate hosts of parasites of domestic animals,while two species,Ponsadenia(Mesasiata) duplocincta(Martens) and Cathaica(Pliocathaica) pulveratrix(Martens),were found to be dominant in Xinjiang.Analysis of the fauna revealed that 25 species(48.1%) were found to be distributed only in the Mongolia and Xinjiang subregions of the Palaearctic region,12 species(23.1%) were found in Mongolia,Xinjiang and north China in the Palaearctic region,5 species(9.6%) were found in Mongolia,Xinjiang and north China in the Palaearctic region,as well as in central China and south China in the Oriental region,5 species(9.6%) were primarily found in central China and south China in the Oriental region,and 5 species(9.6%) were widespread in China.The land snails in Xinjiang are fundamentally a Palearctic group with some Oriental species.Xinjiang,which is located in northwest China,is divided into two regions(northern Xinjiang and southern Xinjiang) by the Tianshan Mountains.Two primary basins,the Junggar Basin in north Xinjiang and the Tarim Basin in south Xinjiang,spread out from the piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains.Among the 52 species and subspecies,27 species and subspecies(51.9%) are distributed in both north Xinjiang and south Xinjiang,13 species(25%) are found only in north Xinjiang,and 12 species(23.1%) are only present in south Xinjiang.The faunal composition in north Xinjiang and south Xinjiang are similar.Xinjiang has a dry-warm temperate continental climate.In addition,the monsoon and wet winds from the Pacific and Indian oceans are blocked from the region by the Kunlun Mountains and Karakorum Mountains along the southern border of Xinjiang.Only a few wet-cold winds from the Arctic and Atlantic pass through the mountain glens and reach north Xinjiang.The climate is dry and warm in south Xinjiang,and cold and rainy in north Xinjiang.Accordingly,the land snails in north Xinjiang are cold-tolerant,while those in south Xinjiang can withstand the drier and warmer climate.The Yili River Valley contains the most land snails in Xinjiang in terms of abundance and species richness.


The ionized trails produced during re-entry by the MA-6 Mercury capsule carrying Lt. Col. John Glenn in his first orbital flight on February 20, 1962, were observed from San Salvador Island (Bahama Island Group), approximately 370 nautical miles uprange from the landing point. The apparatus employed was an omnidirectional pulsed radar (of 30.25 Mc/s carrier frequency) similar to those employed by McKinley and Millman in the study of meteor echoes. When the Mercury capsule was passing over the vicinity of the observation station at about 14h 33m EST, five clearly separated ionized trails were observed. The most prominent trail, which may be identified with the wake of the main capsule, was visible to the radar for a total duration of about 20 sec and displayed an equivalent isotropic scattering cross section of about 106 square meters at its peak. The other four trails, which were probably due to fragments of the disintegrating retro-rocket package reported by Glenn, showed only short duration glints (of the order of one second) characteristic of the smooth, rapidly decaying trails of small meteors. Though some of the fine structure of the long duration, scintillating echo from the main capsule trail is not yet understood, the over-all characteristics of the trail can be accounted for by a combination of high light from a strongly reflecting front segment of the ionized wake, which appeared electromagnetically smooth to the 10-meter wavelength employed, and diffused scattering from a turbulent rear segment of the wake, which appeared rough to the wavelength. The fact that the main capsule trail appeared turbulent indicates a Reynolds number of less than 105 (based on the velocity and diameter of the MA-6 capsule, and on the ambient air density) for transition from laminar to turbulent flow in the wake. The appearance of a leading edge echo about two miles ahead of the strongly scattering turbulent wake also suggested the existence of a 'photoionization halo' around the capsule due to ultraviolet radiation from the bow shock wave. From these results, some conclusions concerning the origin of instantaneous meteoric head echo may be inferred.


The number of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) after nonrenal solid organ transplantation (SOT) has increased to almost 5%. Knowledge on patient and allograft outcomes, infections, and alloreactivity, however, remains scarce. We studied 40 KTRs after nonrenal SOT. Seven hundred and twenty primary KTRs and 119 repeat KTRs were used for comparison. Samples were collected pretransplantation, at +1, +2, and +3 months post‐transplantation. Alloreactive and CMV‐specific T cells were measured by interferon‐γ ELISPOT assay. Patient survival in KTRs after SOT, primary and repeat KTRs was comparable. While death‐censored allograft survival was comparable between KTRs after SOT and primary KTRs, KTRs after SOT showed superior 5‐year death‐censored allograft survival of 92.5% compared to 81.2% in repeat KTRs. Interestingly, KTRs after SOT show less preformed panel‐reactive antibodies, frequencies of alloreactive T cells, and acute rejections compared to repeat KTRs. KTRs after SOT, however, show higher incidences of EBV viremia and PTLD, sepsis, and death from sepsis. Impaired CMV‐specific cellular immunity was associated with more CMV replication compared to repeat KTRs. Our results suggest comparable patient and allograft outcomes in KTRs after SOT and primary KTRs. The observed low alloreactivity may contribute to excellent allograft outcomes. Caution should be taken in KTRs after SOT regarding infectious complications due to overimmunosuppression.


Abstract:Early social science scholarship on Haredi (ultra-Orthodox) Jews told a story about Haredi life wherein the yeshiva rescued Orthodox Jews from extinction. Many social scientists have viewed ultra-Orthodoxy through the lens of the yeshiva, and by extension disembodied men and rabbinic stringencies. This lens presented ultra-Orthodoxy as a society of certainty, with the ultimate authority in text. Based on a survey of the field, I found that although more scholars have conducted research outside the yeshiva, and scholars continue to demonstrate the many ways that Haredim are no longer solely a society of learners, new scholarship still reflects an outdated paradigm of understanding Haredi life. I argue that when we shift the perspective away from this narrative, we come to see that embodiment, competing authorities, and doubt are also integral to Haredi life and part of its definition.


At the Ketzin pilot site for CO2 storage, from 2008 through 2013, 67,000 tons of CO2 were injected into the Triassic Stuttgart Formation, a saline aquifer at 630 m – 650 m depth. For continuous pressure and temperature monitoring over the whole depth range of the wells, a fibre optic cable was deployed in all deep injection and monitoring wells in the annulus outside the production casing. A VSP survey was acquired using a Mertz M12 vibro truck on 23 source points and using the whole length of deployed cable for recording. Seismic waves were recorded over a length of ~5900 m at a trace interval of 1 m. An inspection of the data quality shows that the signal to noise ratio is strongly affected by the coupling conditions of the cable. Within the cemented part of the casing, the coupling is reasonably good, whereas the signal to noise ratio is bad for uncemented intervals. In the lower half of the wells, coupling conditions are good enough to produce high-quality seismic shot gathers. These gathers were used for a 3D imaging of the reservoir complex used for CO2 storage in close vicinity to the injection and monitoring wells.


In this study, We endeavored to revaluate the effects of different types of clothing and colors on clothing microclimate in the subjects wearing sports wear at sunlight environment. This study was conducted 4 different kinds (cotton 100%) of clothing ensembles, that was W-1(long trousers and shirt of white color), B-1 (long trousers and shirt of black color), W-s (short trousers and shirt white color), B-s (short trousers and shirt black color) and were done in a climate chamber under sunlight ambient temperature (, ) by three males subject who are in good healthy. Start a 20-min rest period, 20-min bouts of exercise and final 20-min recovery period were performed. The kinetic load was given for 20 minutes under the condition of 6.0 km/hr walking speed on the treadmill. The results is as followed In case of same type of garment, temperature within clothing which is based on difference of color the white ensemble keeps higher temperature than black one. According to distribution chart of temperature within clothing in case of chest, white one shows higher temperature than black one, in case of back, black one shows higher temperature than white one. Difference of heart rate was so clear and sequence is W-1>B-1>W-s>B-s, so we could find same tendency with temperature within clothing.


Storms are infrequent, intense, physical forcing events that represent a potentially significant driver of ocean ecosystems. The objective of this study was to assess changes in water column structure and turbulent fluxes caused by storms using an autonomous underwater glider, as well as the chlorophyll a (Chl a) response to the altered physical environment. The glider was able to measure throughout the complete life cycle of Storm Bertha as it passed over the North Sea in August 2014, from its arrival to dissipation. Storm Bertha triggered rapid mixing of the thermocline through shear instability, increasing vertical fluxes by nearly an order of magnitude, and promoting increases in surface layer Chl a. The results demonstrate that storms represent a significant fraction of seasonal vertical turbulent fluxes, with potentially important consequences for biological production in shelf seas.


Objective:To eatablish a method for the content determination of difloxacin and its metabolite sarafloxacin in muscle,hepatopancreas,spermary,ovary of Chinese mitten-handed crab(Eriocheir sinensis)by RP-HPLC,and apply it to the pharmacokinetic study of difloxacin.Methods:HPLC instrument was adopted with C18 reversed-phase column(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)and monitored by UV.The mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile-0.030 mol·L-1 tetrabutylammonium bromide(5∶95),adjusted pH to 3.1 by phosphate,eluated with a flow rate of 1.5 mL·min-1,detection wavelength was 276 nm and column temperature was 40 ℃.Results:The recovery of difloxacin in muscle,hepatopancreas,spermary,ovary were found to be(94.3±3.8)%,(78.9±4.5)%,(80.9±1.8)%,(75.5±2.3)% and sarafloxacin were(82.5±2.6)%,(92.8±4.7)%,(79.9±3.8)%,(80.6±4.4)%,respectively.The intra-day precision RSD was low at 4.7%;The inter-day precision RSD was low of 5.8%.The lowest detected limit of difloxacin was 0.01 μg·g-1,and that of sarafloxacin was 0.02 μg·g-1.Conclusions:The method has good sensitivity,precision,and simple to detect difloxacin and its metabolite ,it is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies of difloxacin and its metabolite tissues in Chinese mitten-handed crab(Eriocheir sinensis).


AIM: To investigate the relationship between serum soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) and insulin resistance, serum uric acid, serum lipid in essential hypertension patients. METHODS: Fasting serum sE-selectin concentration, plasma glucose, serum insulin, serum uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol were determined in 186 patients with essential hypertension (75 males, 111 females). Homeostasis model assessment was applied to assess the status of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS: Based on the HOMA-IR, the essential hypertension patients were divided into insulin-sensitive individuals (IS) and insulin resistant subjects (IR). The serum sE-selectin concentration was significantly higher in male group [(50.1±17.8)μg/L] than in female group [(40.6±16.6)μg/L] (P0.01). No difference between IR group [(51.6±16.8)μg/L] and IS group [(48.5±18.8)μg/L] in male, and significantly higher in IR group [(45.1±18.0)μg/L] than in IS group [(36.0±13.7)μg/L] (P0.01) in female were observed. A stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR was an independent predictor of serum sE-selectin concentrations in female group and not in male group, and both serum uric acid and serum lipid were not independent predictors of serum sE-selectin concentrations. CONCLUSION: Serum sE-selectin concentrations are directly related to insulin resistance in females with essential hypertension and not in males with essential hypertension. Both serum uric acid and serum lipid are not directly related to serum sE-selectin concentrations. [


We report helium isotope ratios (3He/4He) of lavas and tephra of the Rungwe Volcanic Province (RVP) in southern Tanzania. Values as high as 15RA (RA = air 3He/4He) far exceed typical upper mantle values, and are the first observation of plume‐like ratios south of the Turkana Depression which separates the topographic highs of the Ethiopia and Kenya domes. The African Superplume ‐ a tilted low‐velocity seismic anomaly extending to the core‐mantle boundary beneath southern Africa – is the likely source of these high 3He/4He ratios. High 3He/4He ratios at RVP together with similarly‐high values along the Main Ethiopian Rift and in Afar provide compelling evidence that the African Superplume is a feature that extends through the 670‐km seismic discontinuity and provides dynamic support – either as a single plume or via multiple upwellings – for the two main topographic features of the East Africa Rift System as well as heat and mass to drive continuing rift‐related magmatism.


Qualitative and quantitative studies were done on leaf epidermal characteristics with special reference to stomatal features to find out the impact of environmental condition on twenty four accessions of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. collected from different ecological habitats of Bangladesh. The foliar epidermal peels from both surfaces of mature leaves were observed under microscope. The leaves were found to be amphistomatic and stomata were paracytic type. The epidermal cells in this study were found to be sinuous. Silica bodies were found to be saddle and cross shaped. Prickles angular were pointed at the tip. Macro-hairs were present in all the accessions, but no micro-hair was found both adaxially or abaxially. Stomatal frequency and stomatal index were found to vary from accession to accession on both adaxial and abaxial surface of leaves, and the differences were statistically significant in most of the cases.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 28(1): 171-193, 2021 (June)


An ion implanter includes an ion beam generator configured to generate an ion beam and direct the ion beam towards a workpiece, wherein relative motion between the ion beam and the workpiece produces a scan pattern on a front surface of said workpiece. The scan pattern has an oscillating pattern on at least a portion of said front surface of said workpiece.


The decomposition reactions of ethanol and ethanal over Pd/Al2O3 have been studied in pulse reaction mode at 200 °C in flowing helium and with added H2, CO, and H2O. Ethanal decomposes to CH4 and CO with progressive coking that can be suppressed by H2. The response times, as monitored by MS peaks at m/e = 16 for methane and m/e = 28 for CO, are very similar. Ethanol decomposes to CH4/CO/H2, the corresponding traces being either broad and unsymmetrical or resolved into two peaks. In H2/He, the slower set of responses is suppressed, and those from CH4 and CO appear sharp and similar in shape to those observed from ethanal. Two independent mechanistic paths for the catalytic reaction of ethanol are proposed, based on a comparison with published TPR data from reactions on Pd(111) and Pd(110) single-crystal surfaces. A comparison between the classical kinetic (LHHW) and surface science approaches is made.


A novel back-ward wave oscillator(BWO) with photonic band gap(PBG) structure is proposed.The PBG structure offers mode-confining and choosing mechanisms,restraining the lower modes and making the BWO operate at the higher modes.With the method of numerical simulation,a single TM_(03)-like mode is obtained at Ka band in a triangular lattice dielectric PBG structure with the medium cylinder radius 0.12 cm,the distance between the nearest rods 0.31 cm,and the permittivity 4.0.The complete dispersive characteristic of electromagnetic modes is obtained.During 36~40 GHz,the device can operate in back-wave situation with the period of 0.4 cm.


The plot test was used in intercropping between tobacco and sweet clover to study the effect on tobacco yield and grade. The results showed that there was no significantly difference in tobacco yield between intercropping and single cropping but the first grade and second grade increased by 6.9% to 28.0% and 11.7% to 29.3%, and the lower grade decreased by 27.68% to 53.2% compared with single cropping respectively. The tobacco external quality with intercropping pattern was improved to a certain degree.


A method for driving current in a fusing plasma is proposed. Radio-frequency power is used to prohibit fusion-produced energetic particles from slowing down isotropically or to push them in a preferential direction. As a result, a net plasma current is generated whose efficiency is comparable to other current-drive schemes.


Summary Definitions for a 4-stage continuum of HIV care were standardized and applied to HIV surveillance and national cohort data in 11 European Union countries. These countries are nearing the UNAIDS 90-90-90 target, although reducing the proportion undiagnosed remains challenging.


In the current scenario, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) technology has become one of the more futuristic approaches in the automotive industry since it aims to enhance driving safety, driving comfort, and its economy, adding to reduced obstacle collision or traffic accident rate. Motion planning contributes a vital part in autonomous driving, serving as a fundamental building block enabling the AV to move further. Though there are several traditional approaches to implement motion planning, yet challenges remain regarding guaranteed performance and safety under all driving circumstances. With the impressive advancement of deep learning technologies, many researchers have tried to develop end-to-end motion planning approaches using deep learning, which generally employ Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) to directly map the raw sensor data (e.g., point clouds and images) to planned trajectories(e.g., yaw velocity and steering angle). However, accurate motion prediction is still critical for autonomous driving where there's a transfer learning approach which emphasizes on reusing a trained model for various applications. This could possibly improve the accuracy of motion prediction steadily. Considering this in mind, a transfer learning motion prediction approach for autonomous driving employing the DNN is proposed here, also providing visual element representing the predicted path, by streamlining the use of the toolkit available at hand. The output responses are discussed and compared employing the existing prediction model and the proposed model. The experimental results exhibited improved performance of motion prediction of the proposed transfer learning approach proving better accuracy comparitively with the existing Resnet50 model.


Abstract : At a 1989 conference of senior Naval logisticians and RAND researchers at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, all Navy participants agreed on one point: the Naval aviation depots (NADEPs) have a "materiel problem." More precisely, there was a consensus that repair processes at the NADEPs are often brought to a halt because needed repair parts are not immediately available. There was no consensus on the source(s) of the materiel problem, however, because materiel support in the Navy is the responsibility of several different functional organizations, each with its own perspective, concerns, and performance measures. A decision was made to investigate the materiel problem to see where its sources lay. To this end, the authors conducted a case study involving the TF-30 jet engine (the power plant for the F-14), which is repaired at NADEP Norfolk. The TF-30 was chosen for several reasons: (1) the aircraft and engine are mature, having been in service since the early 1970s; (2) the engine is not currently in production, so depot repair is critical to keeping the engine operational in the field; (3) the parts demand data for the TF-30 are of good quality because parts requests are screened through a special information system -- the NADEP Logistics Management System (NLMS); and (4) materiel problems are said to be an issue in TF-30 repair. Moreover, based on their ongoing research, the authors believe that the problems associated with TF-30 repair generalize to other major end items and all NADEPs. This study examined the materiel problem using three measures that correspond, respectively, to three perspectives on the supply system: (1) aggregate delivery times (perspective of depot artisans and the supply system); (2) demand-supply profiles (perspective of inventory control points (ICPs)); and (3) impact of parts delays on engine repair (perspective of depot management).


One of the main motivations of pursuing research into photonic crystals is to modify the spontaneous emission rate in active material. In particular, the aim is to a) increase the extraction efficiency in LEDs, which is typically around 3-5% in commercial devices and b) to decrease the spontaneous emission lifetime, which is currently in the ns-regime, in order to enable high speed modulation. These goals can be achieved by suppressing the undesired electromagnetic modes into which the emitter can radiate, and by, concurrently, enhancing the desired modes [1].


The γ process is assumed to play an important role in the nucleosynthesis of the majority of the p nuclei. Since the network of the γ process includes so many different reactions and - mainly unstable - nuclei, cross-section values are predominantly calculated in the scope of the Hauser-Feshbach statistical model. The values heavily depend on the nuclear-physics input parameters. The results of total and partial cross-section measurements are used to improve the accuracy of the theoretical calculations. In order to extend the experimental database, the 107 Ag(p,γ )108 Cd reaction was studied via the in-beam method at the high-efficiency HPGe γ -ray spectrometer HORUS at the University of Cologne. Proton beams with energies between 3.5 MeV and 5.0 MeV were provided by the 10 MV FN-Tandem accelerator leading to the determination of four new total cross-section values. After slight adjustments of the nuclear level density and γ -ray strength function an excellent agreement between theoretical calculations and experimentally deduced values for both total and partial cross sections has been obtained.


There is a growing new class of young spin-down powered pulsars called GeV- quiet soft gamma-ray pulsar; (1) spectral turnover appears around 10MeV, (2) the X-ray spectra of below 20 keV can be described by power law with photon index around 1.2 and (3) the light curve in X-ray/soft gamma-ray bands shows single broad pulse. Their emission properties are distinct from the normal gamma-ray pulsars, for which the spectral peak inFappears in GeV energy bands and the X-ray/gamma-ray light curves show sharp and double (or more) peaks. In this paper, we discuss that X-ray/soft gamma- ray emissions of the GeV-quiet soft gamma-ray pulsars are caused by the synchrotron radiation of the electron/positron pairs, which are created by the magnetic pair-creation process near the stellar surface. In our model, the viewing geometry is crucial factor to discriminate between the normal gamma-ray pulsars and soft gamma-ray pulsars. Our model suggests that the difference between the magnetic inclination angle (�) and the Earth viewing angle (�) of the soft gamma-ray pulsars is small, so that the synchrotron emissions from the high magnetic field region around the polar cap region dominates in the observed emissions. Furthermore, the inclination angle of the soft gamma-ray pulsar is relatively small, � 6 30 degree, and our line of sight is out of the gamma-ray beam emitted via the curvature radiation process in the outer gap. We also analysis the six year Fermi data for four soft gamma-ray pulsars to determine the upper limit of the GeV flux.


Alstott, Anne. 2005. No Exit. What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents. New York: Oxford University Press. Brighouse, Harry and Adam Swift. 2008. ''Social Justice and the Family,'' in Cary Graig, Tania Burchardt, and David Gordon, Social Justice and Public Policy, pp. 139–56. Bristol: The Policy Press. Casal, Paula and Andrew Williams. 1995. ''Rights, Equality and Procreation.'' Analyse und Kritik 17(1): 93–116. Goodin, Robert E. 2005. ''Responsibilities for Children's Well-being,'' in Margot Prior and Sue Richardson, eds. No Time To Lose: The Wellbeing of Australia's Children, pp. 60– 88. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.


Mangrove forests have an important role in our environment, some of which are as a barrier to abrasion and as a source of food and the community's economy. Disruption of the balance of the mangrove forest ecosystem, will cause a decrease in these functions. This Community Service Activity (PKM) aims to educate and socialize the mangrove forest conservation program to residents around the Kuala Mempawah mangrove forest. This activity was carried out using the lecture method and continued with the planting of mangrove trees along the coastline that had been previously damaged. The enthusiasm of the residents in maintaining and preserving the mangrove forest is very high and they work together to plant so that all the seeds provided can be planted.Education, conservation, abrasion, mangrove


Introduction! While the success of an institutional repository depends on engaging faculty and students, it can be difficult to capture the attention and imagination of these audiences directly. At the University of New Hampshire we have tapped into an existing network of people who share library objectives: increasing the exposure of university scholarship to new audiences and supporting faculty and students in their research. "


The integration of renewable energy resources (RERs) into electric power grids raises concerns regarding the ability of the system to accommodate larger net-load variability and forecast errors. This ability is referred to as grid operational flexibility (GOF). Even though there is growing interest in the quantification of procurable GOF and the design of GOF requirements, a formal definition directly related to a measurable quantity is still lacking. The quantification of GOF is challenging due to its multifaceted nature, as it is connected to multiple time scales, time horizons, operational limitations of generating units, network constraints, RERs uncertain output and gridoperation paradigms. Furthermore, the economic aspects of GOF procurement may not be disregarded. The goals of this project are to propose a framework under which we analyze different GOF metrics and requirements that may provide guidance to power system operations, insights to system planners and policymakers, and enable the comparison of the value of flexibility in different power systems.


Manufacturer: Femto Messtechnik Product: Compact and ultrafast Si and InGaAs photodetectors of the HSPR and HSA-X-S series with integrated GHz amplifier providing a bandwidth range from 10 kHz up to 2 GHz in the wavelength range from 320 to 1700 nm. The optical inputs are optionally free space or FC fiber-coupled. The free space inputs are available with a 1.035"-40 threaded flange or alternatively with a 25 mm round flange to ensure maximum compatibility with common optical accessories. Features: The GHz photoreceivers excel by their low noise with an NEP down to 11 pW/√Hz. The high gain provides a sensitivity of up to 4750 V/W and enables the measurement of fast signals down to the microwatt level. The frequency response is flat and without peaks, resulting in very good pulse transmission, with pulse rise times of down to 180 ps. The high-quality housing offers protection against electromagnetic interference (EMI) and is also designed for use in heavily disturbed environments. All models are equipped with M4 as well as 8-32 UNC threaded holes and can therefore be easily and stably integrated into optical systems with standard post holders. The HSPR series features an inverted output and has optimized matching with a VSWR of 1.4:1 and so ensures that subsequent devices such as oscilloscopes can also be connected via relatively long cables without impairing the signal quality. Applications: Spectroscopy, ultrafast-pulse and transient measurements, optical triggering, optical front-ends for oscilloscopes and ultrafast A/D converters.


Now a day's cloud computing has become very popular since it reduces infrastructure cost. Hence, the level of security measures also has to be increased. Intrusions Detection Systems (IDSs) are designed to handle attacks but many intrusion detection system (IDS) are designed for specific attack/attacks. It is evident that no single technique can guarantee protection against future attacks. To handle large scale network access traffic and administrative control of data and application in cloud, we have to develop a new cloud IDS model that can assure maximum security in cloud. In this paper we will talk about the snort IDS on Linux which ensure enough security, efficient management into virtualization based system.


Different regions of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have particular histopathological characteristics, and the individual histological characteristics of the tumors are poorly understood. Therefore, calculating the proportion of tumor cells in different regions that allow assessment of the prognostic outcomes for OSCC patients would be of great clinical significance.


Based on linear vehicle-following theory,different linear vehicle-following sequence and combination probability of mixed traffic flow,which was made up of heavy and light vehicles,was studied,and a capacity model of this traffic flow on sections was established using vehicle-following time headway.Research results indicate that the capacity of mixed traffic flow on sections relates not only to drivers reaction time,running velocity,vehicle length and brake characteristics,but also to combinatorial proportions and vehicle-following sequence of mixed traffic flow.Finally,the relationship between the parameters was analyzed.


Research on the development of foods containing probiotics is growing, such as research in the incorporation of probiotics in chocolate. Nevertheless, the quality attributes of the probiotic-enriched chocolate have not been fully explored. This present study is a preliminary study to the impact of ingredients proportion and processing method on the quality attributes of probiotic milk chocolate, more specifically on moisture content, appearance, hardness, rheological behavior, and microstructural characteristics. In this study, four different formulations and processing methods were involved. Skim milk powder was used as a freeze-dried probiotic replacer as it has high similarity in terms of physical characteristics. The result showed that chocolate containing freeze-dried probiotic powder replacer (Choc B) tended to have the comparable hardness and L*values to the chocolate reference (Choc A). However, hardness and L* values of milk chocolates enriched with freeze-dried probiotic powder replacer formulated with milk butter (Choc C and Choc D) were lower than that of chocolate reference (Choc A). Concerning the moisture level and flow parameters, Choc C exhibited higher moisture content and flow parameters values than other chocolates. Microstructural visualization showed that all chocolates exhibited a low level of agglomeration degree with particle sizes in the range of 19-32 μm.


Spatial resolution on the High Resolution Research Tomograph (HRRT) is of high importance, due to the need for accurate quantification of small brain structures. Thus accurate characterization of the scanner's resolution properties and subsequent inclusion of such information within image reconstruction, requires measuring its point spread function (PSF). In this study we measured in detail the spatial variation of the image space PSF and assessed the impact of the scanner's depth of interaction (DOI) capability on the spatial resolution. Furthermore, we characterized the dependency of the PSF on progressively increasing count rate statistics. An array of 15 × 11 printed point sources was scanned twice, initially on its own to measure the PSF spatial dependency, and subsequently with an extension line containing ~ 300 MBq of carbon-11, to assess the count rate dependency. PSF data were reconstructed with the scanner's default OP-OSEM and invariant PSF OP-OSEM algorithms, followed by image space model fitting. The axial, radial and tangential components of the PSF were found to vary under radial and angular transformations, but being radially symmetric and almost axially independent. The FWHM improves by ~ 1.3 mm using the PSF-OP-OSEM but is still radially variable with ~ 1 mm degradation within the FOV boundaries. When DOI was not taken into account, an additional degradation up to 0.7 mm was seen in the radial FWHM using OP-OSEM. Using the invariant PSF OP-OSEM, this degradation was less notable ( ~ 0.5 mm), despite the fact an invariant kernel is used. In terms of count rate dependency, a clear resolution degradation was seen for mean count rates above 5-10 kcps. However, this degradation was found to vary within the FOV. The spatially variant PSF at low count rates could be incorporated within a resolution modelling image reconstruction. However, including a count rate dependent PSF model is less straightforward.


The article presents the concept of petroleum systems modeling in the area with complex fold-thrust belt structure. The aim of the study was to verify the views on the influence of the overtrusting Carpathian orogen on the course of petroleum processes in the basement (Meso-Palaeozoic) formations. The project was implemented in the marginal zone of the Skole Unit (Outer Carpathians) overlapping various structural and tectonic units of the basement. The area of Rzeszów city was selected as it presents adequate complexity of the geological structure to meet assumed methodological objectives of the project and, at the same time, provides relatively vast amount of geological data available which creates a conditions for a comprehensive approach. The study was carried out using the Dynel 2D and PetroMod 2D software. The course of the structural and tectonic evolution of the area was reconstructed in 5 stages, the results of which were subsequently applied in a dynamic modeling of the petroleum systems. The modeling results made it possible to recreate and analyze the course of a complex geological processes, the effects of which are manifested, among others, by the time and amounts of generated hydrocarbons as well as the dynamics of expulsion, migration and accumulation processes. The results show the course of petroleum processes in each stage of the petroleum basin evolution, revealing a special role of thrust tectonic of Outer Carpathians on basement formations. For the adopted assumptions of the structural and tectonic evolution, the generation of hydrocarbons by Lower Palaeozoic source rocks was initiated with the overthrusting of the Carpathians. This increases the chances of their accumulation in reservoir intervals sealed by an overthrusting orogen. This is a positive premise in the context of petroleum exploration in the area.


This article aims to present the relation between Diogenes of Oinoanda maxims and what we have as genuinely epicurean, i.e, with the material (letters, maxims and fragments) admitted as undisputed authorship of Epicurus. With this presentation, we show the strength of the orthodoxy Epicurus"s doctrine, because generally speaking there are no differences between what Epicurus taught in Athens in the 3rd century BC and what Diogenes of Oinoanda claimed to be Epicureanism in the 2nd century AD. In fact, there is a single maxim that does not seem to follow Epicurus"s doctrine (Diog. Oen. 107). However, this divergence is justified by the fact that this maxim is fragmented. Thus we believe that this article is a positive contribution to the academic community dedicated to the study of Epicureanism, especially considering the fact that it is an epicurean about which we have few articles, especially in Brazil. For the accomplishment of this work we use here the following books: (i) El sabio camino hacia la felicidad: Diógenes de Enoanda y el gran mural epicúreo, of Carlos García Gual (2016), from which we take the Diogenes of Oinoanda maxims; (ii) the Epistula ad Herodotum, Epistula ad Pythoclem, Epistula ad Menoeceum, as well as the Ratae Sententiae and the Vatican Sayings, of Epicurus; (iii) the Book X from Lives of Eminent Philosophers of the greek doxographer Diogenes Laertius.


Composition change during melting of PbO-PbBr 2 -PbF 2 -P 2 O 5 glasses has been studied. The relationship between the chemical analysis compositions and volatilisation of components was studied. Several possible chemical reactions in glass melts are discussed and relevant chemical thermodynamic calculations carried out. The results show that the composition change during melting is mainly attributed to chemical reactions between phosphorus and halogens (fluorine and/or bromine) and/or oxygen. When a sample contains high phosphorus and low fluorine content, the losses of bromine and phosphorus are dominant. When a sample contains high fluorine content and low bromine and/or phosphorus content, the losses of phosphorus and fluorine are dominant. Results of chemical thermodynamic calculation are consistent with the above results and discussion. The loss of lead during melting is mainly ascribed to the volatilisation of PbBr 2 . The oxygen content appears controlled by the opposing mechanisms of volatilisation of oxides and the reaction of oxygen, or water, in air with the halides in melts.


For the situation of ultra-high pressure polyethylene plant pulse valve bolt fracture,the fracture reasons were analyzed by means of macro and micro fracture analysis,energy spectrum analysis,chemical compositions analysis,microstructure examination and mechanical properties testing. The results indicate that: the fractography showed the characteristics of corrosion fatigue,the origin of the fatigue cracks the thread roots caused by containing Cl medium weak acid corrosion pits,the presence of corrosion pits further concentrate the stress,corrosion fatigue fracture occurred under the alternating loads.


We report on the direct conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) in a photoelectrochemical cell consisting of germanium doped gallium nitride nanowire anode and copper (Cu) cathode. Various products including methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), and formic acid (HCOOH) were observed under light illumination. A Faradaic efficiency of ∼10% was measured for HCOOH. Furthermore, this photoelectrochemical system showed enhanced stability for 6 h CO2 reduction reaction on low cost, large area Si substrates.


This article deals with the largely unexplored motif of royal anger in the Jewish court tales. In addition to presenting material on the motif's distribution, lexical and syntactical profile, and narrative function, I argue that Daniel 2, 3, Esther, and Bel and the Snake develop the motif of the king's anger along comedic lines. These humorous depictions of royal anger, of course, did not take place in isolation from their narrative surroundings. Rather, they were part of a general trend at work in the genre to demystify the king by subjecting him and his habitat to comedic representation. The king, in these tales, is wrenched from the realm of myth and ritual and squarely placed into crosshairs of the comedian. I further argue that such representations of the king are what James Scott refers to as "hidden transcripts"—a subordinate form of critical discourse that often manifests itself in "rumor, gossip, folktales, jokes, songs, rituals, codes, and euphemisms…." These findings, in turn, are related to the broader body of scholarly literature on Jewish humor, ancient and contemporary.


Sesame cultivars perform differently in various environments comprising specific locations and years. Micronutrient fertilizers increase crop yields and can enhance resistance to environmental hazards and contribute to potential yield. For assessing the effect of environment and micronutrients, field experiments were carried out at three different locations (BARI, URF and NARC) of Pothwar region, Pakistan, in two succeeding years (2014, 2015). Four sesame cultivars and three micronutrients (Zn, B and Mn) with a control treatment were used in RCB design with a split-plot procedure and four replications. The results showed significant differences in the main effects of all tested factors (cultivars, micronutrients, locations and years). Maximum mean values of plant height, capsules plant−1, biomass yield and seed yield were recorded for SG-30, while TH-6 was the lowest for these parameters. Maximum mean values of capsule length, capsule weight, seeds capsules−1 and the weight of 1000 seeds were recorded for TH-6 but vice versa for SG-30. Maximum capsule length and seeds capsule−1 were observed at NARC, while other growth and yield attributes were maximum at BARI and URF, including biomass yield and seed yield. The interactive effect of cultivar × location × year was highly significant for all growth and yield traits except capsule length. Sesame cultivars revealed a differential response for all traits at three locations during both years. Application of micronutrients significantly augmented all growth and yield features of sesame. Micronutrient fertilizers (i.e., ZnSO4 at 10 kg ha−1, borax at 10 kg ha−1 and MnSO4 at 5 kg ha−1) would increase yield and yield-attributing traits in low- or medium-precipitation areas where suitable cultivars have been designated.


In this paper,based on discussing simply about the theory of flexibility and the theory of "Learning Organization", a new concept about the flexibility of enterprises is presented. The dimensions and elements are analyzed by using the principle of system. In addition, mechanism about the flexibility of enterprises is explained.


【Objective】 This study observed the brains and immune organs contrapose of a transgenic cloned cattle of neonatal death.【Method】 Common pathological anatomy and histological common paraffin section-hematoxylin-eosin staining technique were applied.【Result】 The body of the transgenic cloned cattle was bigger than common cattle with harder osseous texture and no obvious appearance changes in immune organs.The layer structure of cerebral cortex was very clear,only had some mild congestion and hemorrhage in a patch.The cortex of cerebellum was divided into three layers,the arachnoid had a slight congestion.There was a mild congestion in red pulp of spleen with scattered hemosiderosis;clear periarterial lymphatic sheath and a great deal of splenic nodule could be seen in white pulp,but both containing few lymphocytes.There was a capillary dilatation and congestion of lymph nodes,especially in medulla;more and intensive lymphocytes in cortex,but the typical lymphoid nodules which contained germinal center were sparse,the medullary cord was not obvious,the capsule and trabecula were not developed.The thymus blood vessels on capsule and trabecula had a congestion;abundant lymphocytes and scattered thymocytes in cortex;lymphocytes also were intensive in medulla and large number of macrophages among lymphocytes,eosinophilic thymic corpuscles were visible,but not fully developed.【Conclusion】 This cloned cattle had a developed brain with no significant pathological changes,while disproportion existed in immune organs' development.


This book explores the conflict between Protestants and Catholics in the period from 1850 to 1874, focusing on Parliament Member Charles Newdigate Newdegate and his crusade against male and female Catholic religious orders. 


We have been witnessing two profound transformations since the late 1970's ; one in the academy particularly in social sciences, and the other in the world economic system. The transformation within the academy involves a paradigm shift in social sciences, as the neoclassical economic theory constitutes the dominant paradigm in social theory. The transformation within the world economic system involves the globalization of capitalism. In this article the question I would like to address is whether or not the 1 EGE University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Siences, Dept. of Economics, Bornova/Izmir, Turkey. E.mail: email@example.com Yrd. Doç. Dr. Meneviş UZBAY PİRİLİ 72 transformations at the economic level – capitalism becoming a global system, on the one hand, and the absorption of academic discourses in social sciences into the neoclassical economical paradigm on the other, is a mere coincidence? And if not, what are the implications of the parallels between the academy and material life. Section 1 involves explanation of neoclassical paradigm. Section 2 examines the new subdisciplines in social sciences. Section 3 addresses globalization of capitalism. The Conclusion is a discussion about the possible ways of looking at the similarities between what is happening within the academy and in the world.


Objective To establish a new method for the determination of total triterpenes from Radix Asteris.Methods With shionone as the standard,total triterpenes was measured by spectrophotometry with 5% vanillin-glacial acetic acid solution and perchloric acid as color-developing agent and detected at 550 nm wavelength.Results The calibration curve was linear(r=0.999 9)in the range of 11.1~133.2 μg,and the curve was Y =7.2×10-3X+0.021.Conclusion The spectrophotometry is suitable for the determination of total triterpenes from Radix Asteris.This method is simple,easy,stable and reproducible.


Drawing upon mentoring theory and cognitive social network research, this study explores the mediating mechanism how an individuali¯s accuracy in perceiving intra-organizational mentoring ties infl...


Society is the collection of peoples and everyone lives in the net-shaped collection.As people hope that society remains stable for their living and development,some behavioral norms are naturally required to guide and restrict people's behavior.This has given birth to various norms of behaviors.The behavioral norms include ethic,administrative norms,technical regulations and professional norms.


In this paper, we undertake the competitive analysis of the online real-time scheduling problems under a given hard energy constraint. Specifically, we derive worst-case performance bounds that apply to any online algorithm, when compared to an optimal algorithm that has the knowledge of the input sequence in advance. First, by focusing on uniform value-density settings, we prove that no online algorithm can achieve a competitive factor greater than $1 -\frac{e_{max}}{E}$, where $e_{max}$ is the upper bound on the size of any job and $E$ is the available energy budget. Then we propose a variant of {\em EDF} algorithm, {\em EC-EDF}, that is able to achieve this upper bound. We show that a priori information about the largest job size in the {\em actual input sequence} makes possible the design of a {\em semi-online algorithm}  $EC$-$EDF^*$ which achieves a constant competitive factor of $0.5$. This turns out to be the best achievable competitive factor in these settings. We also extend our analysis to  other settings, including those with non-uniform value densities and Dynamic Voltage Scaling capability.


According to the stress situation of scraper conveyor chute in coal mine underground pushing conditions, establishing the mechanical model of chute baffle slot to help. Based on the calculation of chute baffle slot to help groove for maximum load value and its location, solid and finite element analysis model is established for the baffle slot combining with Solidworks and ABAQUS software with powerful function of CAD/CAE. In the light of the chute's actual working situation in the mine, taking the strength analysis for chute baffle slot to help of concave convex end and passes the ear of the three parts as emphasis. By the finite element analysis, the baffle vulnerable in practical work site can be clear, so as to help the groove welding manufacturing provide constructive advices.


Recently, MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) transmission technique is one of the most promising technique as it can satisfy the demand for exponential data traffic in mobile communications, especially for multipath-rich environment. In this paper, we proposed an antenna design which can operate in the 2.6 GHz and 3.5 GHz bands and produce an orthogonal bi-directional radiation pattern. Antenna performances of reflection coefficient (S11), transmission coefficient (S21) and far-field radiation pattern are simulated and evaluated using the FDTD (finite-difference time-domain) method. As a result, dual-band operating to cover 2.6 GHz and 3.5GHz bands with desired Sn<-10dB, and S21 between the two antenna elements for each frequency band is lower than −15 dB. Moreover, the MIMO performance can probably be improved because the difference between the two directional gain levels is achieved by approximately 15 dB when four slits are etched into the ground plane.


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 29 We thank C-N Liu for permission to use the live cell data in Fig.3. Supported by the 30 2 35 36 37 ABSTRACT 38 39 Somata of primary sensory neurons are thought to contribute to the ectopic neural discharge 40 that is implicated as a cause of some forms of neuropathic pain. Spiking is triggered by 41 subthreshold membrane potential oscillations that reach threshold. Oscillations, in turn, 42 appear to result from reciprocation of a fast TTX-S Na+ current (INa +) and a passive outward 43 IK+. We previously simulated oscillatory behavior using a transient Hodgkin-Huxley type 44 voltage-dependent INa+ and ohmic leak. This model, however, diverged from oscillatory 45 parameters seen in live cells and failed to produce characteristic ectopic discharge patterns. 46 Here we show that use of a more complete set of Na + conductances that includes several 47 delayed components enables simulation of the entire repertoire of oscillation-triggered 48 electrogenic phenomena seen in live DRG neurons. This includes a physiological window of 49 induction and natural patterns of spike discharge. An INa + component at 2-20 msec was 50 particularly important even though it represented only a tiny fraction of overall INa + 51 amplitude. With the addition of a delayed rectifier IK + the singlet firing seen in some DRG 52 neurons can also be simulated. The model reveals the key conductances that underlie afferent 53 ectopia, conductances that are potentially attractive targets in the search for more effective 54 treatments of neuropathic pain. 55 56 57 58 59 INTRODUCTION 60


The forms of representative's utility function and the dynamics of price of endowment are two basic aspects in equilibrium pricing.It will lead to non-robust conclusion if either of these aspects in not considered completkly.Give the explicit formulas for the equilibrium price of the zero coupon bond when the representative's utility shows linear risk tolerance under the linear jump diifusion processes,incorporating both the diversities of the forms of utility functions and the dynamics of price of endowment.The conditions are solved for the constant yield to maturity for the zero coupon bond.And the equilibrium conditions are also found for the endowment.


Integrated design for actively controlled systems is considered in this paper. The improvement can be obtained in the overall performance of an actively controlled structure by simultaneously optimizing the structural and control design. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the existence condition of optimal solutions for structural parameters. A quadratic index is used to evaluate the system performance and its sensitivities to structural parameter changes are derived to study the conditions for the optimal solution. The effect of an active control on the existence condition is discussed.


The effect of SUPERBRAIN (multi‐domain lifestyle intervention program), on the mild stage of AD positive mild stage of dementia for an 8‐week treatment in the cognitive function, EEG and stool microbiom outcome.


The natural product-like compound 1 was identified as a direct inhibitor of the menin-MLL interaction by in silico screening. Structure-based optimization furnished analogue 1a, which showed significantly higher potency than both the lead structure 1 and the reference compound MI-2.


We consider downlink resource sharing between multiple cellular users (CUs) and device-to-device (D2D) links, where each D2D link reuses multiple CU channels and each CU channel is shared by multiple D2D links. The design goal is to provide quality-of-service protection for CUs and meanwhile enhance the spectral efficiency of D2D links, which leads to a difficult resource sharing problem. We propose a novel efficient approach to address the downlink multichannel D2D resource sharing problem. Numerical results show that the proposed approach exhibits superiority over existing D2D schemes.


In the article shown analysis of 484 palliative colon resection. The most common cause for palliativeresection was metastatic disease of liver - 263 (54.4%). Complicated tumour disease wasobserved in 194 (40.1%) patients. Primary – restorative operations were performed in 448 (92.6%)cases. Postoperative complications were noted in 91 (18.8%) cases, including the failure of anastomosisin only 7 (1.4%) cases. 5-year survival rate was 17,9 ± 4,33%, the most effective way for palliativechemotherapy was the endolymphatic, way developed in the clinic.


Demand response has been recognized as an essential element of the smart grid. Frequency response, regulation and contingency reserve functions performed traditionally by generators are now starting to involve demand side resources. Additional benefits from demand response include peak reduction and load shifting, which will defer new infrastructure investment and improve generator operation efficiency. Technical approaches designed to realize these functionalities can be categorized into centralized control and decentralized control, depending on where the response decision is made. This paper discusses these two control philosophies and compares their response performances in terms of delay time and predictability. A distribution system model with detailed household loads and controls is built to demonstrate the characteristics of the two approaches. The conclusion is that the promptness and reliability of decentralized control should be combined with the controllability and predictability of centralized control to achieve the best performance of the smart grid.


According to German government statistics, since 1998 over 1 billion euros have been spent on supporting women-run businesses. Nevertheless, around 75% of German female business founders still see themselves as discriminated in comparison to men (bga 2007) and in 2006 Germany maintained the critical position 36 (out of 37 countries) in GEM concerning support of female start up activities (see Sternberg/Brixy/Hundt, 2007). Rolf Sternberg and Heiko Bergmann (2003: 33) have pointed out that besides a lack in supportive infrastructure there still exist cultural factors that are "not necessarily conducive for women starting business in Germany. [...] In recent years, media reports about starting businesses have increased, but the image of the typical business founder continues to be male dominated". Still nowadays, the image of the entrepreneur in Germany continues to be based on the (masculine) entrepreneur of the early 20 century, which might be one cause of the gender gap in starting and growing businesses in Germany.


In line with recent efforts to empirically study the folk concept of weakness of will, we examine two issues in this paper: (1) How is weakness of will attribution (WWA) influenced by an agent's violations of best judgment and/or resolution, and by the moral valence of the agent's action? (2) Do any of these influences depend on the cognitive dispositions of the judging individual? We implemented a factorial 2 × 2 × 2 between-subjects design with judgment violation, resolution violation, and action valence as independent variables, and measured participants' cognitive dispositions using Frederick's Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT). We conclude that intuitive and reflective individuals have two different concepts of weakness of will. The study supports this claim by showing that: (1) the WWA of intuitive subjects is influenced by the action's (and probably also the commitment's) moral valence, while the WWA of reflective subjects is not; (2) judgment violation plays a small role in the WWA of intuitive subjects, while reflective subjects treat resolution violation as the only relevant trait. Data were collected among students at two different universities. All subjects (N = 710) answered the CRT. A three-way ANOVA was first conducted on the whole sample and then on the intuitive and reflective groups separately. This study suggests that differences in cognitive dispositions can significantly impact the folk understanding of philosophical concepts and thus suggests that analysis of folk concepts should take cognitive dispositions into account.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the consequences of lamivudine withdrawal in kidney transplant recipients, under immunosuppression, with inactive hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

INTRODUCTION
HBV infection is more frequent in kidney transplant recipients than in the general population mainly due to the high risk of acquisition during dialysis, before kidney transplantation.

METHODS
The records of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive, immunosuppressed kidney transplant recipients, where lamivudine was withdrawn after transplantation along with reduction in immunosuppressant dose, admitted to our hospital between 2005 and 2012, were retrospectively evaluated.

DISCUSSION
Three patients aged 33, 42 and 33, experienced hepatitis flares 2-3 months after lamivudine withdrawal. Serum HBV DNA levels were 2.5×107, 3.4×104 and 4×103 IU/ml in cases 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Lamivudine was re-initiated in all cases which led to rapid viral suppression. However, liver function continued to deteriorate leading to severe jaundice, coagulopathy and encephalopathy. All patients died of acute liver failure within six months after the onset of withdrawal hepatitis.

CONCLUSION
Lamivudine should be continued as long as immunosuppressive therapy lasts.


TreeBank is a crucial resource for syntactic parsing. But syntactic labeling and error checking for treebank is time and energy consuming. To improve the efficiency in constructing treebanks, we have designed and realized a treebank editing system based on a graphical interface. And this graphical treebank editing system is proved to be 5 times faster than error checking on bracket marked syntactic treebank. As such it provides a technical support for building a large-scale syntactically annotated corpus.