The phosphate complexation of Np(V) is investigated in the pH range from 6.4 to 10.0 in 0.1 Μ NaC10" at 2 2 ± 2 ° C by absorption spectroscopy. The formation of two phosphate complexes is confirmed by spectroscopic speciation: N p 0 2 H P 0 j at 988.8 nm and Ν ρ 0 2 Ρ 0 Γ at 993.6 nm with molar extinction coefficients of 251 ± 8 and 201 ±11 1/mol cm, respectively. The complexation constants are determined to be log/? = 2.54+0.02 for N p 0 2 H P 0 l and log β = 6.33±0.08 for Ν ρ 0 2 Ρ 0 Γ · The competition of the phosphate complexation with the carbonate complexation is demonstrated by speciation calculation under different geochemical conditions. Introduction The neptunyl ion NpOJ is stable towards hydrolysis at pH s 10 [1—3], while its humate complexation is relatively weak [4], but its carbonate complexation can be significant [5-8] under natural aquatic conditions. Another aquatic anion that can be considered important for stabilizing the NpOJ ion may be the phosphate ion. The concentration of the phosphate ion is uncontaminated groundwater, for example, Gorleben groundwater in northern Germany, varies from less than 1(T mol/1 up to nearly 10" mol/1 [9] depending on the surrounding geomatrices. Under such conditions, the phosphate complexation may play, together with the carbonate complexation, an important role for the migration behaviour of Np02 . The phosphate complexation of NpOJ was investigated by Moskvin and Peretrukhin by cation exchange in NH4CIO4 [10], by Moskvin and Poznyakov by coprecipitation in NH4CI [11], both at room temperature, and by Rees and Daniel by cation exchange in NaC104 [12] at three different temperatures. From these experiments six different constants were reported for the formation of NpOjHPO^, varying from 2.06±0.39 at 35°C and 2.36±0.42 at 25°C [7] to 2.93±0.02 at room temperature [10] and 3.11±0.19 at 10°C [12], and one constant for Np02PC>4~, 5.78±0.25, at room temperature [11]. The present experiment is conducted to ascertain the formation of the predominant Np(V) phosphate species by spectroscopy as a function of pH and also to assess the competition of the Np(V) phosphate complexation with other geochemical reactions. Experimental A stock solution of Np is prepared by dissolving solid NaNp02C03 in 0.1 Μ HC104 to produce a desired concentration. The phosphate solution is prepared by dissolving high purity NaH2P04 (99.999%) from Aldrich Co. in 0.1 Μ NaC104. The total concentration of phosphate ions is varied from 1.4 mmol/1 to 4.8 mmol/1, while the Np concentration is changed from 18.5 μηιοΐ/ΐ to 61.5 μπιοΐ/ΐ. pH is varied in the range from 6.4 to 10.0 at ionic strength of 0.1 M. The equilibrium experiment and preparation of samples for spectroscopy are carried out under argon atmosphere in a glove box. Prior to spectroscopic measurement, the solution is filtered at 0.2 μπι pore size. pH is measured by a combination glass electrode of the Ross type from Orion Co., which is calibrated with standard buffers (pH = 5—11) from Merck Co. The spectroscopic study is made by Cary 5 in the spectral range from 960 nm to 1015 nm. The Np(V) concentration is determined by spectroscopy and also by liquid scintillation spectrometry, discriminating automatically the β activity of Pa, the daughter nuclide of Np. Results and discussion Spect roscopic study The spectroscopic characteristics of the Np(V) species analysed by experiment are given in Table 1 and their Table 1. Spectroscopic characteristics of Np(V) phosphate complexes χ FWHM ε (nm) (nm) (1 mol ' cm" ' ) NpOJ 980.6±0.1 7.6+0.1 395 ± 5 ΝρΟ,ΗΡΟ; 988.8+0.1 11.5 ±0.9 251 ± 8 ΝρΟ,ΡΟΓ 993.6±0.2 12.8±0.6 201 + 11 74 Α. Morgenstern and J. I. Kim


Abstract Hens receiving carbonated water as their water source had higher egg production when averaged across the experimental periods, and in Period 1 (23 C) this increase in egg production was significant (P


This qualitative research describes the types of errors made by class VIII students of MTs Darul Iman Palu in solving PISA problems with Change and Relationship content using the Nolting theory. Data were collected by test and interview methods. The research subjects consisted of two students, each having high and medium abilities. The results showed that (1) the types of errors made by high-ability students in solving PISA questions of Change and Relationship content based on Nolting's theory were misread-direction errors (errors in reading instructions). (2) The types of errors made by moderately capable students in solving PISA questions of Change and Relationship content based on Nolting's theory are misread-direction errors (errors in reading instructions) and concept errors (concept errors).


Older blacks tend to' have lower incomes,, substantially than either the'general population r the ,111derly white _greater. health problems, and higher incidence of widowhood than comparable 'whites or younger blacks. The median income. of .older blacks ,remained at only .twothirds of the income of elderly whites. between 1967 and 1977, a disparity reflecting limited employment oppo'rtunities, a higher concentration in lower paying jobs during younger working years, and a higher Concentration in jobs not covered by Social Sedurity prior to 1950. In 1977, the average life expectancy of blacks and other minorities' at birth was estimated to / be shorter than for whites. COmpared to their white counterparts, older.blicks. appear to suffer-more from the effects. of chronic health conditions and other illnesses and iniuries, to be the-,victims of . hypertension more frequently, and to have a higher mortality rate. However, for ages 80 and'over, the mortality rate of blacks is lower than that of whites. (NBR)


The optimal process of extracting polysaccharides from Agrocybe aegirit was studied by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment in this paper.The results showed that the optimum conditions for extracting polysaccharides from Agrocybe aegirit by water bath were material/liquid ratio of 1∶60,extraction time of 120min,temperature 60℃;by enzymatic extraction method were as follows: material/liquid ratio of 1∶80,temperature of 50℃,pH of 6.0,cellulose enzyme at 1.5%.Comparing the two methods,mean extraction rate by water bath method was 1.40% and mean extraction rate by enzymatic extracting method was 2.38% which was improved by 70.47%.The enzymatic extracting method is better than water bath method.


During 1950s in Italy a soil sample was isolated and found new strains of Streptomyces peucetius bacteria from which a new antibiotic was extracted with potent effect against murine tumors, this antibiotic named daunorubicin [1]. In 1960s, a clinical trial was done on the drug and result a successful in treating acute leukemia and lymphoma, and finally a new antibiotic was discovered which named adriamycin which change to doxorubicin. Doxorubicin has a potent antitumor activity more than daunorubicin with a higher therapeutic index [2]. In 1967 the cardiotoxicity due to danurubicin was approved, the greatest risk of doxorubicin-induced toxicity is cardiotoxicity, so administration of doxorubicin should be doselimited [3]. Doxorubicin changes the structure and function of cardiomyocytes, the genes that cause this are the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) which are highly expressed in doxorubicin-induce cardiotoxicity, so; these two genes are responsible for cardiac hypertrophy [4]. The molecular mechanism behind this event involves formation of oxygen free radicals and iron oxidation. Since doxorubicin known to affect multiple biomarkers, the assessment of troponins and specific natriuretic peptides (pro BNP and DNP) is believed to predict doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in early stages [5].


Organisational leaders are continually looking for ways to get the most out of employee learning. By maximizing learning transfer the organisation places itself in a very powerful position. The introduction of new technologies that help to enhance learning is coming on stream but typically organisations will ask "does it warrant the investment." This case study demonstrates the role a learner response system can play in the classroom training of a global e-commerce organisation. Using an experimental control group design, this case study focused on learner achievement and learner experience with and without the introduction of a learner response system. Learner achievement was captured using preand post-tests, while the experience piece was captured through post-training surveys. Results for both sections were then further investigated using a focus group after the training. The findings from the case study allowed the organisation to conclude that a learner response system is a valuable learning instrument to aid and enhance the transfer of learning for their employees.


Abstract A method is presented for obtaining system confidence limits based on component test results. The technique consists of estimating the asymptotic variance of the maximum likelihood estimate of system reliability, equating this to the estimate of the variance in binomial sampling, and solving for and , the pseudo-numbers of system tests and successes. These are then substituted into the incomplete beta function and confidence limits obtained in the usual way for binomial sampling.


Even a year ago, having an e‐mail address and a fax number were enough to ensure that you were considered among the most technologically advantaged. Now, my old aunt Matilda has them, and she is crocheting an Afghan that includes gothic text URLs of her favorite places on the web. The World Wide Web, that is. If you have not spent the last year under a rock in Katmandu, you have heard about "the web". The web gives you access to the Internet. Of course, gopher gives you access to the Internet too, but the cute little rodent never made it to News Week, Business Week, Time and even People, as the web does in every issue. Does Al Gore have a gopher server? Does Intel? Does IRS? Even if they did, no one would care any more. The adorable little gopher has been fatally trampled by the faceless web. Today, to be anybody, you must be on the web.


Statistical data in 2001 indicates that there are many facets inferior to the whole country, such as the ability in creating new job, the higher rate of female unemployment, the sluggish decrease of laid - offs, and the lower average salary of employees, although the registered unemployment rate in cities and towns of Henan province is lower than that of the average level of China.


We compare the results of the mark correlation analysis of galaxies in a sample from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and from two galaxy catalogs obtained by semianalytical galaxy formation models implemented on the Millennium Simulation. We use the MOPED method to retrieve the star formation history of observed galaxies and use star formation parameters as weights to the mark correlations. We find an excellent match between models and observations when the mark correlations use stellar mass and luminosity as weights. The most remarkable result is related to the mark correlations associated with the evolution of mass assembly through star formation in galaxies, where we find that semianalytical models are able to reproduce the main trends seen in the observational data. In addition, we find a good agreement between the redshift evolution of the mean total mass formed by star formation predicted by the models and that measured by MOPED. Our results show that close galaxy pairs today formed more stellar mass ~10 Gyr ago than the average, while more recently this trend is the opposite, with close pairs showing low levels of star formation activity. We also show a strong correlation in simulations between the shape and time evolution of the star formation marks and the number of major mergers experienced by galaxies, which drive the environmental dependence in galaxy formation by regulating the star formation process.


This paper puts forward the 4E performance evaluation model based on an in-depth analysis of the basic connotation of grain safety in central city,and evaluates the grain safety performance of Jinan in 2003—2007 employing sudden change progression.The results indicate that it is scientific and practical to apply sudden change progression to muti-objective and muti-link central city grain safety performance evaluation.


Elastic virtual photoproduction cross sections ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}^{*}\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{p}J/\ensuremath{\psi}({\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}})p$ and total charmonium-nucleon cross sections for $J/\ensuremath{\psi}, {\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}},$ and $\ensuremath{\chi}$ states are calculated in a parameter-free way with the light-cone dipole formalism and the same input: factorization in impact parameters, light-cone wave functions for the ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}^{*}$ and the charmonia, and the universal phenomenological dipole cross section which is fitted to other data. The charmonium wave functions are calculated with four known realistic potentials, and two models for the dipole cross section are tested. Very good agreement with data for the cross section of charmonium photoproduction is found in a wide range of s and ${Q}^{2}.$ The inclusion of the Melosh spin rotation increases the ${\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ photoproduction rate by a factor of 2\char21{}3 and removes previously observed discrepancies in the ${\ensuremath{\psi}}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ to $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ ratio in photoproduction. We also calculate the charmonium-proton cross sections whose absolute values and energy dependences are found to correlate strongly with the sizes of the states.


This article elaborates classification and characteristics of contemporary physical education model and analyzes its strong and weak points. Present situation of the model is discussed. It is proposed that the Chinese college physical education pattern in the 21st century should develop in multiple ways. Sports club teaching model is better.


The history of Europe will remain problematic as long as its subject is not agreed on. Is one speaking of Europe as a continent, Europe as a civilization, Europe as an ideal or Europe as a construction? To reduce this uncertainty, the author draws from comparative history, the history of international relations and the history of the present, and refers to Pierre Renouvin's "deep forces." He rightly shows that identity and European consciousness, despite being 20th century acquired characteristics, are still operating concepts or, more usefully, strong working hypotheses.


Past research suggests that women alter their behaviors during periods of high fertility to attract mates. Consistent with this notion, the current research examined the interpersonal style, as defined by the interpersonal circumplex, men tend to find most attractive in potential mates and the change in women's interpersonal styles across the menstrual cycle. In Study 1, a sample of 101 single men reported the interpersonal style they found most attractive in a potential mate. In Study 2, a sample of 86 women reported their interpersonal styles during each day of their menstrual cycle. Results indicated that men tended to prefer mates who were interpersonally warm and that women tended to become more interpersonally warm during periods of high fertility. 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


Introduction: Foetal spinal cord has been the focus of interest by many scientists but the information regarding lumbar enlargement received very little attention, though important for clinical applications. Morphological studies were limited to vertebral canal and spinal cord during prenatal and postnatal periods . Readings of maximum transverse diameter of lumbar enlargement of foetal spinal cord will help in understanding the pattern of growth of spinal cord in Indian human foetuses, which may be utilised for medicolegal purpose. Material and Methods: Foetuses without any congenital cranio-vertebral anomalies were selected for the study and divided into five groups on the basis of gestational age. Laminectomy was performed and the spinal cords from human foetuses were taken out and maximum transverse diameter of lumbar enlargement was measured by Vernier calipers under standard conditions. Result & Conclusion: Significant increment in maximum transverse diameter of lumbar enlargement of foetal spinal cord was observed in successive adjacent groups from group II onwards. There was maximum increment in maximum transverse diameter of lumbar enlargement of spinal cord between groups IV and V human foetuses.


Many Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) algorithms do not take into account the morphological variations in the language. However, as Indian languages are highly inflected languages, we investigate whether morphology must be taken into account for WSD for Indian languages, as they are very rich in morphology. This paper analyses the influence of morphology in WSD for Tamil. We believe our results carry over to many other Indian languages. The results do confirm our belief that morphology affects the performance of a WSD algorithm to a considerable extent for Tamil. For evaluation purposes, we use the Decision List approach of Yarowsky (1995), a well-known WSD method.


Background: PSAIA (Protein Structure and Interaction Analyzer) was developed to compute geometric parameters for large sets of protein structures in order to predict and investigate protein-protein interaction sites. Results: In addition to most relevant established algorithms, PSAIA offers a new method PIADA (Protein Interaction Atom Distance Algorithm) for the determination of residue interaction pairs. We found that PIADA produced more satisfactory results than comparable algorithms implemented in PSAIA. Particular advantages of PSAIA include its capacity to combine different methods to detect the locations and types of interactions between residues and its ability, without any further automation steps, to handle large numbers of protein structures and complexes. Generally, the integration of a variety of methods enables PSAIA to offer easier automation of analysis and greater reliability of results. PSAIA can be used either via a graphical user interface or from the command-line. Results are generated in either tabular or XML format. Conclusion: In a straightforward fashion and for large sets of protein structures, PSAIA enables the calculation of protein geometric parameters and the determination of location and type for protein-protein interaction sites. XML formatted output enables easy conversion of results to


The importance of green process in the synthesis of nanomaterials becomes universally known. In this study, we report on the efficiency of a Aspalathus linearis's plant extract known as Rooibos tea on the synthesis of graphene via a bio-active process. Using several nanocharcterization techniques, our investigations on the main physico-chemical properties confirmed the ability of this plant extract as a reducing and capping agent on the synthesis of good quality few layered graphene sheets compared to several natural extracts and chemical agents. Furthermore, this eco-friendly cost-effective process allows the control and modulation of the optical and electrical properties of the prepared graphene. Moreover, this material was positively tested as silver NPs fluorescence quencher. Hence, Rooibos shows its ability as an effective chelating agent in the production of graphene sheets which serves electronic and optoelectronic related quenching applications.


Estimating the market price of a house is important for many businesses such as real estate and mortgage lending companies. The price of a house depends not only on its structural features (e.g. area and number of bedrooms) but also the spatial context where it is located. This context can be explicitly captured, for instance, by collecting satellite images or points of interest in the neighborhood, or implicitly by looking at the price of the nearby houses. Since collecting explicit spatial context is usually costly, in this work we estimate the price of a house based solely on its structural features and the characteristics and price of its neighbors. To capture the implicit spatial context of a house, we propose a hybrid attention mechanism that weights neighbors based on their similarity in terms of their structural features and geographic location to the house. For the structural features, we apply an euclidean-based attention and, for the geographic location, we implemented an attention layer based on a radial basis function kernel. Those attention mechanisms are used by a neural network regressor to learn a vector representation of the house defined as the house embedding. This vector can then be used as a feature set by any regressor to perform house price prediction. We have performed an extensive experimental evaluation on 5 different real-world datasets that shows that: (1) regressors using house embedding obtained, in most cases, the best results on all 5 datasets; (2) the learned house embedding improves the performance of the evaluated regressors in almost all scenarios comparing to their results using raw features; (3) simple regressor models such as Linear Regression using house embedding achieved comparable results to more competitive algorithms, such as Random Forest and XGboost; (4) Our proposed solution obtains better results about the use of points of interest; (5) Our approach outperformed traditional spatial predictive models; and (6) our proposed solution outperformed previous Deep Learning approaches for house price prediction that use more costly strategies to capture the spatial context.


An analytic nonlinear model is proposed for analyzing the frequency response of digital circuits. Applying a Volterra series expansion method, we have developed analytic nonlinear Fourier transfer functions for a CMOS inverter. Comparison between our calculations and a SPICE simulation, its application to study the effects of device models on circuit performance, and its expansion in complex digital modules are discussed.


The article examines the modern trends of the indigenous peoples' development in Latin America and the obstacles of the indigenous population's actorness in achieving political potential at the regional and global levels of international relations. Considerable attention is paid to a degree of ethnopolitical movements representativeness in the region and the role of indigenous peoples in the evolvement of alter-globalization line. The article provides an analysis of the dominant discourse from the perspective of the post-colonial concept Subaltern Studies in two fundamental documents: The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples of 2007 and the International Labor Organization Convention N 169 of 1989. As a result of the study, the authors came to the conclusion that the indigenous peoples of Latin America have significant political potential, but in fact they cannot fully realize it due to the dominant colonial discourse, which does not allow promote the indigenous agenda at the global level and suppresses the actor's ability of indigenous peoples.


Abstract In highly redundant systems CCF dominate the calculated unavailabilities. CCF contribute over 90% to the resulting core damage frequencies of some PRAs for German Nuclear Power Plants. Because the results of PRAs can lead to costly back fitting measures, it is essential to ensure these results. The principles of CCF analysis and the efforts to establish a comprehensive data base are described. In addition the utilities have undertaken efforts to develop concepts for defensive strategies and to introduce these measures in the plant operation in order to reduce the CCF probabilities. Unfortunately these efforts are yet not fully supported by the existing models.


In the face of increasing international competition, U.S. space programs of the 90s must result in systems with dramatically improved operability and reliability and dramatically reduced cost. Current systems engineering approaches appear inadequate for this challenge. Quality Function Deployment is a new, yet proven tool which advances systems engineering to meet the demands of the 1990's. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a systematic way of capturing the skills and experience of cross-functional teams in designs that reflect customers' desires. This philosophy emphasizes concurrent product and process design involving design engineers, manufacturing, launch operations and the customer early in the concept design phase. Translation and flowdown of customer requirements is accomplished through the use of a series of tiered matrices known as the "House of Quality". This paper describes a QFD activity specifically aimed at the Advanced Launch System (ALS) cryogenic tanks. This area was chosen because of its relatively well defined scope, and its significant impact on cost, operability, and other program objectives. The effort was organized by the ALS government program office and was supported by a multidisciplinary team of government and contractor personnel. The QFD process was accomplished through a software implementation of the House of Quality and the guidance of a facilitator. Three sessions have resulted in a fop level QFD matrix which This paper is decIared a work of the U.S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States. identified a manageable number of issues and approaches worthy of greater attention. It has also improved the communication between organizations and functional disciplines. U. S. space programs are faced with the same customer behavior that all U. S. industries are feeling, customers that demand high quality products which are dependable and low cost. The objective of the Advanced Launch System (ALS) is to provide a highly reliable and operable launch vehicle at a congressionally mandated $300/lb of payload into low earth orbit. ALS must also meet its launch goals of payload to space without costly delays. Gone are the days of "money is no object." Current unmanned recurring launch vehicle costs are estimated at $3000/lb. ' This figure is a result of manufacturing and operation systems fraught with conflicting resource requirements, assembly problems, high scrap and rework, and cumbersome rules and regulations. In order to quantify the benefits of proposed ALS alternatives, we must first understand this "business as usual" baseline and use it as the measure of merit for all suggested improvements. The goal of the ALS is to provide an order of magnitude reduction in cost. To meet this goal may require a revolutionary change from the business-as-usual approach. This demand has led to the need for implementing a Total Quality Management (TQM) philosophy where higher quality products lead to a reduced life-cycle-cost. Quality, cost, timeliness, and productivity are often viewed as conflicting elements that require making tradeoffs. A new product development theory called Quality Function Deployment (QFD) has emerged to offer an optimum compromise between seemingly conflicting alternatives. QFD also identifies design characteristics that contribute most to customer requirements. The results of a QFD exercise can thus focus any cost benefit analysis between "business as usualn designs and suggested improved designs. Quality Function Deployment has been successfully applied to product development here in the United States, usually on automotive and computer application^.^ Aerospace industry QFD case studies and efforts are just now beginning to appear in print. '.4s Furthermore, applying QFD to a launch vehicle subcomponent is not known to have been attempted. The ALS cryogenic tank was selected as a QFD case study because the airframe contributes most to the recurring cost of existing unmanned launch vehicles. This study focuses on the principles of QFD as applied to cryogenic propellant tank development for the Joint NASA-US Air Force ALS Program.


Social media offers basic business inclinations to associations and affiliations, furthermore has most likely comprehended security perils. With a particular finished objective to reduce these security risks and still admire the benefits of social media affiliations must develop and maintain extraordinary social media use game plans. In any case, various affiliations are indeterminate of how to make fruitful social media techniques. Maybe, various affiliations either basically confine social media use all around, or have no methodology at all regarding social media usage. Both of these approaches are unacceptable. Affiliations that don't grasp social media disregard to acquire its gigantic points of interest and are inattentive to their opponents that do. Affiliations that essentially allow social media use with no methodologies or standards open themselves to security threats. This paper is proposed to display that the present information security game plans starting now set up at various affiliations can without a lot of a stretch be connected with spread social media. Along these lines, affiliations don't need to issue security methodologies and guidelines especially for social media. The paper tries to demonstrate that the essential security perils posed by social media would be had a tendency to by a better than average general security care program, nearby and specific and definitive shields.


BACKGROUND
Non-motor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are frequent, increase the patients' disability and have an important negative impact on their quality of life.

METHODS
We used a Dutch translation of the Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire (NMSQuest) to identify NMS in a population of 215 Belgian PD patients.

RESULTS
A median number of 8 NMS was reported per patient. Urinary urgency (59.2 %), nocturia (56.9 %), insomnia (45.8 %), attention problems (45.5 %) and orthostatism (41.2 %) were the most frequently denoted NMS. A higher number of NMS was present with more severe Hoehn and Yahr stages. Longer disease duration was associated with more NMS. Furthermore, clinical markers of disease progression were also associated with a higher number of NMS. However, early-onset patients (< 50 years) reported less NMS than late-onset patients after correction for disease duration. Interestingly, in early-onset patients we observed more unexplained pain and more hyperhydrosis.

CONCLUSION
We confirm the high prevalence of NMS in PD patients. A long disease duration and more severe disease are associated with a higher number of NMS. Importantly, even if late-onset patients generally report more NMS, unexplained pain and hyperhydrosis are more frequent in early-onset patients.


Pears of Shingo variety were coarsely ground, and subjected to heat treatment by HTST (high temperature short time) and pectinase treatment to produce a cloudy pear juice. The pear juice was then treated with Viscozyme, gelatin and bentonite, and filtered through an ultrafiltration membrane to produce a clear pear juice. The clear pear juice was concentrated to 3 to 5 fold by vacuum evaporation, freeze concentration, and reverse osmosis methods. The concentrates were diluted to 10° Brix and stored at 4C for 15 days. The single strength juice was evaluated for color, turbidity, heat stability, and sensory preference at 5 day intervals during storage.

The pear juice concentrated by the three methods showed only small differences in quality. While the clear pear juice with added ascorbic acid had no quality changes at 4C after 15 days' storage, that without the addition of ascorbic acid resulted in some deterioration in browning, turbidity and heat stability after 10 days' storage. There were small, but significant flavor differences among clear pear juices concentrated by evaporation, freeze concentration and reverse osmosis.


'To know psychology', said William James, 'is absolutely no guarantee that we shall be good teachers. To advance to that result, we must have an additional endowment altogether, a happy tact and ingenuity to tell us what definite things to say and do when the pupil is before us' (James, 1958, p. 24). How we come by this ingenuity is a subject of great debate among educationalists, and in recent years, there has been an increasing interest in what we can learn from listening to pupils. This issue of the journal contains a range of papers, many of which focus on what teachers can learn from students by studying their work and asking them questions about it. Cathy Burnett and her colleagues at Sheffield Hallam University open with a look at how the use of technology can generate new literacy practices. This is particularly important in a world that is increasingly technology dependent, but the ways in which people interact with technology is not well understood. In a case study of pupils' digital literacy, email communication was used to generate data on writing processes and products. Pupils were observed and interviewed about their experiences of digital communication. Almost counter-intuitively children's keyboard and mouse skills were not found to be as well developed as one might assume given the ubiquitousness of computer games and personal computers in their lives. Burnett and her colleagues were surprised to find that writing that appeared to have been undertaken rapidly was 'painstakingly produced'. On the other hand, there was evidence that children had a highly developed awareness of the language features of electronic communication, using 'u' for 'you' and so on. The implications for the curriculum and for teacher ingenuity in developing digital literacy are implicit but clear in this informative study. Teacher ingenuity is also invoked in Dominic Wyse's study of pupils' syntax choices and the teaching of writing. Conventional wisdom suggests that the explicit teaching of grammar will improve writing, but Wyse argues that there is a lack of evidence to support this view and that the teaching of grammar is under-theorized. Hence, he is interested in the insights that can come from analysing children's views about their use of unconventional syntax choices when writing. His study highlights a number of influences on children's syntactic choices with implications for the teaching of English. Kate Bullock and Yolande Muschamp asked two dozen pupils at the end of Year 6 about their views of themselves as learners and their expectations of secondary school. The children were very articulate, describing how they approached their work, the strategies they used when they encountered difficulties and the sense of Cambridge Journal of Education Vol. 36, No. 1, March 2006, pp. 7–9


The field of Western human development owes a huge debt to the large number of scholar-practitioners who devoted their working lives to increasing the understanding of the individual and the individual in relation to others. Many pioneers of the field are celebrated in the literature through both their own published work and the acknowledgements of other scholars and scholar-practitioners. Largely unrecognized in the literature is the work of John and Joyce Weir. The Weirs' innovative and hugely popular self-differentiation laboratories, with John's percept orientation as the theoretical framework and his and Joyce's percept language as its self-empowering reporting accompaniment, attracted more than 8,000 participants between 1964 and 2000. Their work has impacted countless personal and professional lives. In this article, attention is called to the Weirs' monumental legacy of five unique and unheralded contributions to the field of Western human development.


This paper discusses the Irish experience in the 90s, and details the main aspects of the impressive and rapid transition from a situation of excessive indebtedness, economic stagnation and high unemployment to sustainable growth. The presence of a national development strategy seems to be the crucial institutional tool that allowed this transition.


These data are in three folders of Keyhole Markup Language (KML) geospatial polygons representing the outlines of walrus herds apparent in satellite imagery. Each KML file contains one or more geospatial polygons of walrus herd outlines created by one observer who visually interpreted the images. The attribute values from all KML files are collected in a CSV table included with this data package.


Topological instability of action variables in multidimensional nearly integrable Hamiltonian systems is known as Arnold diffusion. This phenomenon was pointed out in 1964 by Arnold himself in his famous paper [3]. For autonomous Hamiltonian systems with two degrees of freedom KAM theory generically implies topological stability of the action variables (i.e. the time-evolution of the action variables for the perturbed system stay close to their initial values for all times). On the contrary, for systems with more than two degrees of freedom, outside a wide range of initial conditions (the so-called "Kolmogorov set" provided by KAM theory), the action variables may undergo a drift of order one in a very long, but finite time called the "diffusion time". After thirty years from Arnold's seminal work [3], attention to Arnold diffusion has been renewed by [4], followed by several papers (see e.g. [5, 6] and references therein). The Hamiltonian models which are usually studied (as suggested by normal form theory near simple resonances) have the form


A nation like Nepal, where Hindus make up the bulk of the population, places a greater emphasis on the study of religious minorities. Caste is a distinctive type of stratification. It is purely a Hindu phenomenon that is comprehensible and explicable in terms of Hindu principles and justifications. In addition to the Indian subcontinent, caste is widespread in the Arab world, Polynesia, North and East Africa, Japan, and North America. Like in the Hindu community, there is caste purity and practice of hierarchy in Muslim community. Saiyedism in Muslims society (the Arab domination) like Brahminism in Hindu society is a primary cause of caste prejudice in the Muslim community.
This paper outlines the crucial steps that must be completed at each stage of the caste hierarchy and is based on qualitative research. The subject is being generalized through an observational technique, in-depth interviews, and library research. Muslim scholars and elderly persons who had experienced such practice were picked as the respondents for the purpose of learning more. The respondents are identified as Res.1, Res.2, Res.3, and so forth because they requested anonymity. The Muslim caste hierarchical system in Nepal is the area of this study. It tries to combat the issue of caste hierarchy among Muslim people in Nepal.


Many of today's undergraduate chemistry students appreciate exposure to topics of interest in the health and life sciences. Our first-year chemistry students learn introductory chemistry using eight case studies, four of which (air pollution, marine chemistry, blood chemistry, and bioenergetics) deal directly with human health issues and biological processes. For second-year students, we recently redesigned our two-semester organic chemistry course sequence so that students may choose between two equivalent versions of the second-semester course: one that stresses synthetic organic chemistry and another that stresses bioorganic chemistry. This latter course is discussed in some detail in this article, along with other novel aspects of our four-year chemistry curriculum.


T new Botany for high schools and colleges presents in attractive f~rm the hast features of.mode.rn cou~se; in bo~ny, combining laboratory directions, descriptive chapters~ and ~IScussIO.ns an~ illustration of the fundamental laws of plant life. The method IS consistently inductive, and much stress is laid on care and accuracy in laboratory work. An ,~nusual. amoun.tof space is devoted to common flowering plants that may be procured ea.sIly during spnng months. The illustrations are original und abundant.


A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with dyspnea on effort and syncope. Although he exhibited stable vital signs, echocardiography indicated remarkable right heart loading with a free floating thrombus (Picture 1), and computed tomography showed bilateral pulmonary arterial thrombi (Picture 2). The presence of right heart thrombi with pulmonary embolism is a marker of a worse prognosis in initially apparently stable patients treated with heparin treatment alone (1). Thrombolytics are more effective than heparin or surgery (2). Following the administration of thrombolytic therapy (monteplase: 720,000 IU), echocardiography showed remarkable improvement of the right heart loading without any free floating thrombi (Picture 3). There was popliteal vein thrombosis; however, no risk factors for deep vein thrombosis, such as deficiencies of antithrombin III, protein C or protein S, were observed.


The invention discloses a comprehensive processing utilization production technology of steel slag, characterized by crushing and grading the steel slag to realize the recycling of the steel slag. The invention solves the technical problem of grading treatment and recycling of the steel slag. According to the invention, by crushing and grading the steel slag, the steel slag is divided into different grades, thus the steel slag can be used for different purposes; the comprehensive utilization technique of the steel slag resource is developed, the production cost is saved, thus the zero discharge of the steel slag is realized, and the environmental pollution is prevented, and the space waste is prevented.


This letter presents a novel 1-bit reconfigurable reflectarray element that is capable to work in multipolarization modes. The element needs only one substrate layer and two switches, which is simple and practical for large-aperture beam-scanning applications. By properly controlling the two p-i-n diodes, the 1-bit phase resolution is obtained for both dual-linear and dual-circular polarizations. Moreover, the element loss is smaller than 0.8 dB for all polarizations, and the 1-bit phase shift is achieved within 180° ± 20° from 13.5 to 15 GHz. A dc circuit is deliberately designed to bias the element without disturbing its reflection performance. Several element samples are fabricated and measured, and the good agreements between measurements and simulations verify the proposed design.


Key Points Question How do time trends in the prevalence and incidence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents differ by sociodemographic factors? Findings In this cohort study of more than 1.1 million children and adolescents, overall prevalence and incidence rates of childhood overweight/obesity and obesity slightly decreased during the last decade. However, prevalence increased among children from the most deprived areas and with non-Spanish nationalities, indicating increasing deprivation disparities. Meaning In this study, despite an overall reduction in the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity, increasing deprivation disparities were observed during the last decade.


The most visible and neglected heritages nowadays are heritage buildings which are widely available throughout the country. As the number of heritage building have been decreasing day by day, peoples' consciousness has begun to arise. Many heritage buildings have been conserved for various purposes. In general, with their attractive features, most conserved heritage buildings will be adaptive reused as museums, offices, restaurants, residences, business premises and other public use thus becoming one the focal of tourists' attractions. However, the approach in adapting and conserving heritage buildings in Malaysia are not practiced with the right concepts and methods. This research is conducted to assess the adaptive reuse works that have been implemented on the heritage buildings as hotels specifically in Melaka and George Town UNESCO World Heritage Cities. The hotels which are adapted from heritage buildings have been specifically identified and questionnaires surveys have been performed to the respective owners or managers in order to obtain their responses thus arriving to a more accurate research result. Several findings have been obtained which will help in promoting adaptive reuse works in the future.


Through the research of the drilling and seismic data, the asymmetrical model of volcanic eruption is built. It is proposed that the typical asymmetrical model of volcanic eruption style controlled by faults is characterized by one small-scale side on the higher part of faults and by the other large-scale side in the lower part of faults. Based on the statistics of 257 wells drilled volcanic rocks, the distribution regularities of volcanic rocks of Huoshiling and Yingcheng formation has been known. The comprehensive studies of features of the deep volcanic rocks and their physical properties suggest that the acidic volcanic rock is the best type of reservoir rock. The volcanic lithofacies controls distribution of high-quality reservoirs in every independent volcanic edifice. The acidic explosive facies around asymmetrical volcanic crater is the favorable zone for volcanic reservoirs. Deep fractures, which not only improve filtering conditions of seepage flow, but also impel growth of secondary pores, are important pathways for deep fluids as well as key factors for buildup of gas pool with high production. Besides, the high-angle fractures densely developed are easy to form the favorable reservoir zones with the assemblage of high-angle fractures and corrasive pores. In addition, the constructive diagenesis and super genesis are assignable factors for high quality reservoir forming.


A complex of samarium with glymine, [sm(gly)(2)cl-3-3h(2)o], was synthesized and characterized by dsc, tg and dtg. a possible mechanism of thermal decomposition of this complex was suggested. the heat capacities of the complex were measured by a precision adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 82 to 375 k. the solution enthalpies of reactants [smcl3.6h(2)o +2gly] and the products [sm (gly)(2)cl-3.3h(2)o +3h(2)o] were determined by an isoperibel solution- reaction calorimeter at 298.15 k, respectively; the standard molar enthalpy of formation of [sm(gly)(2)cl-3.3h(2)o] was calculated through a designed thermochemical cycle.


We study the propagation properties of scalar and vector vortex beams through a turbulent atmosphere. The irradi-ance beam profile, scintillation index and crosstalk are computed for different propagation distances in atmosphere with weak and strong turbulences. We also implement a neural network for a classification task to determine the number of topological charges of the scalar and vector vortex beams.


Biodiversity is one of the critical themes embedded within the national curriculum parallel with the National Biodiversity Policy. In the educational system, the binomial nomenclature is used in classifying the living organisms from all kingdoms, including Plantae. Biological organisms are normally given formal descriptions and official names according to taxonomical identification. Problems arise when students are not familiar with these scientific descriptions and terminologies due to the lack of reading and practice. As these biological organisms exist around us, locals are also exposed and able to identify them. Yet, they used a different terminologies referring to the same species. Hence, the major purpose of this study is to blend scientific descriptions and terminologies derived from local knowledge in teaching and learning to enhance students' understanding. This is a case study on 20 undergraduate students from Diploma of Science who enrolled in Biodiversity-related courses in a local University. These participants were exclusively given lessons which were integrated with the local knowledge. The dependent t-test shows a significant difference in their pre-and post-performance test. Implementing local knowledge in identifying plants species is an ingenious move proven to encourage students' interest in classifying the organisms' species.


SUMMARY Mating in Pogonomyrmex badius was observed at a nest site in South Carolina. The first copulation occurred at 1130 hours; duration of copulation for 3 matings ranged from 59 to 148 s. The females mated with males of the same colony; probability of intercolony mating may be a function of colony density and size.


The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a Chinese endeavor to create an international public good (IPG) for bringing a cooperative solution to existing infrastructure deficits, mainly in the Eurasian landmass. This article aims to question the institutional quality of the BRI as a global governance platform with IPG characteristics in emerging political and economic oligopolistic markets. The central hypothesis of the article is that in order to successfully address both the conflicting and the overlapping demand and supply conditions in the rising multiplex world, the BRI should blend the Western experience of IPG creation in the post-World War II era with that of China's recent development. Such an amalgamation would also support China's integration in the global system as well as complement its weaker aspects. This type of synthesis of diverse experiences would help the BRI to evolve as a new brand of "hybrid IPG." In terms of methodology, an institutional economic theory with an interdisciplinary approach is employed in addressing collective action problems and agency issues and, therefore, in offering a win-win game in infrastructure-oriented cooperation. We found that although the BRI has striking achievements in terms of quantitative criteria, because of qualitative issues concerning its institutional governance structure, not only is the emergence of several managerial-coordination problems unavoidable, but destructive geopolitical rivalries and conflicts would also be triggered. The article concludes that, first, by applying the principles of international "good governance," the BRI would become a fully rule-based multilateral initiative; and second, China needs to show through working modalities and measurable outcomes along the BRI how its systemic values would contribute to the provision of such a hybrid IPG.


Iron magnetic nanoparticles were produced by the technique of the electric explosion of a wire (EEW). The major crystalline phase (95 ± 1%) was α-Fe with lattice parameter a = 0.2863(3) nm. The size of the coherent diffraction domains of this phase was 77 ± 3 nm. The EEW MNPs presented a large saturation magnetization value, reaching about 87% of the saturation magnetization of the bulk iron. EEW NMPs demonstrated an improved magnetic performance when used in magnetorheological (MR) fluids with respect to the commercial carbonyl iron particles (CIPs) micron-sized particles studied for comparison. The MR fluids composed with the EEW nanoparticles showed larger yield stress values than those with CIP micron-sized particles, so proving that the EEW MNPs have a high potential for MR fluids applications.


105 IMMUNOASSAY FOR PHENYTOIN ON THE CIBA CORNING ACS: 180®, AN AUTOMATED CHEMILUMINESCENT SYSTEM L McLaughlin;P Datta;A Alpert;S Morehouse;D Malliaros;G Bright;H Leonard; Therapeutic Drug Monitoring


A plastic gear and wood-made gear of nonrigid gears are measured on gear common normal length and module with projecting measuring method on numerical monitoring optical projector to understand the error characters of it.Through analyzing the data,the systematic error mainly comes from the alignment errors of zero line,which can be calculated by comparing verification.Random error mainly comes from the aiming error of people,which can be concluded through A-uncertainty.And the apparatus's measuring accuracy is used on calculating B-uncertainty,which can be ignored,as it is much less than A-uncertainty.Comparing the measuring results of plastic gear and wood-made gear,nonrigid gear's random error is related with material,machining characters and surface quality.Wood-made gear's machining deformation is less than plastic gear,and the gear contour surface quality is better than plastic gear,thus causing wood-made gear's random error is less than plastic gear.


Introduction Various researchers have proposed physiological measures as objective correlates of presence (the subjective sensation of ?being there? in a displayed environment). The unifying idea behind this approach is that as presence within a displayed environment increases, physiological reactions will tend towards those that would be observed in a real environment. For example, short-term physiological responses to novel, interesting and threatening stimuli within immersive environments should be more intense as the sense of presence increases (Barfield & Weghorst, 1993; Held & Durlach, 1992). In addition and in line with the behavioural realism approach, the long term physiological characteristics of the affective impact of a content should also be more apparent as the sense of presence increases (Freeman, Avons, Meddis, Pearson & Ijsselsteijn, 2000; IJsselsteijn, de Ridder, Freeman & Avons, 2000).


To meet the requirement of fusion research for neutral beam injection, Southwestern Institute of Physics began the development of high current ion sources in the late seventies. A 7 cm duoPIGatron ion source, a 7×35 cm multifilament field free ion source, and an 8.5 cm multicusp ion source have successively been designed, built, and tested. The 7 cm duoPIGatron ion source was developed to study physical and technological aspects relevant to the high current ion source. The 8.5 cm multicusp ion source was developed to provide neutral beam injection for a mirror device MM‐2U. It produces a 9 A, 25 keV, 50 ms hydrogen ion beam. In addition, a lithium ion source for plasma diagnostics has been developed.


Spinlocks are a synchronization primitive widely used in current operating system kernels. With spinlocks a thread waiting to acquire a lock will wait actively monitoring the lock. With sleeping locks in contrast a waiting thread will block, yielding the CPU to other threads. While sleeping locks seem to provide better functionality and overall system performance, there are cases in wich spinlocks are the better alternative. First, under some circumstances, e.g. in interrupt handler top halves, blocking is not feasible. Second, saving and restoring a thread's state, as sleeping locks do when yielding the CPU, costs time. If the lock-protected critical section is very short waiting for the lock to be released offers better performance. In both cases spinlocks provide advantages over sleeping locks. But spinlocks are used for very short critical sections only to avoid wasting CPU time waiting actively. Virtual machine monitors (VMMs) schedule virtual CPUs (VCPUs) on physical CPUs for time slices to achieve pseudo-parallel execution. At the end of a time slice the current VCPU is preempted, the VCPU state is saved and the next VCPU starts executing. If a VCPU is preempted inside the guest kernel while holding a spinlock this lock stays acquired until the VCPU is executed again. This problem is called lock holder preemption, identified and analyzed by Uhlig et al.[3] for a paravirtualized version of Linux 2.4 running on top of the L4 microkernel. This work investigates the influence of lock holder preemption in the Xen hypervisor, a commodity virtualization system. We show that lock holder preemption can have a severe performance impact in today's systems. Furthermore, we describe two approaches to counteract the performance degradation, give some details to our implementation of one of the approaches, and show that we are able to fully prevent any performance degradation caused by lock holder preemption.


Pathology image guidance may enhance the effectiveness of adjuvant radiation treatment by identifying high-risk regions that would benefit from escalated radiation dose and low-risk regions at which little to no radiation dose is necessary. We present 3-D high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of breast lumpectomy specimens. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lumpectomy tissue specimens and mouse breast glands were imaged with OCT in the form of multiple series of 2-D axial depth scans. The computationally-combined series of 2D images forms a reconstructed volume. Ongoing studies will establish whether these images can capture features comparable to the corresponding pathology for localized adjuvant radiation treatment planning.


Distributed real-time computing system JStrom significantly improves performance on real-time data computing. However, JStorm may lead to a single point of failure, and upgrading JStorm system may cause instability of system. To efficiently solve these problems, we propose a task detection model based on the heartbeat detection and a two-level cluster load balancing model separately. We discover the running state of task through heartbeat detection algorithm, and take action accordingly to avoid single point of failure. The two-level cluster load balancing model divides large cluster into sub cluster, which is isolated and upgraded one by one. Our experimental results suggest that our model can efficiently solve the underlying problems of JStorm system, significantly improve the stability of the system, reduce the probability of single point of failure and the latency of cluster process, and keep system stability during the upgrade process.


This research was motivated by the low results of students' mathematics learning. Of the 35students only 15 students (40.54%) who completed study results, while the average valueobtained by the students was 68.65. This study aims to increase the students' mathematicslearning through PMRI. This research is a class act who performed two cycles. Based on theresearch of learning outcomes and learning activities teachers and students expressedincreased. In the first cycle 1 meeting activities for teachers to get a score of 14 (70%), in thefirst cycle 2 meeting increased with a score of 15 (75%). In the second cycle 1 meeting obtaina score of 17 (85%) and the second cycle 2 meeting obtain a score of 18 (90%). Besides thestudent activity also increased in the first cycle of meeting one activity students obtain a scoreof 12 (60%), in the first cycle 2 meeting increased with a score of 16 (80%). In the secondcycle 1 meeting obtain a score of 17 (85%) and the second cycle 2 meeting obtain a score of17 (85%). The results of students' mathematics learning increases the basic score averagevalue obtained was 68.65 increase in the first cycle with an average value of 95.41 hasincreased in the second cycle with an average value of 97.97.


Introduction: The area at risk (AAR) of infarction is the hypoperfused myocardial bed during coronary occlusion. The edematous AAR can be delineated in-vivo by T2 MRI and can be used in conjunction with delayed contrast enhancement to calculate myocardial salvage. T1 MRI has been recently used to image the edema associated with acute myocardial infarction. Objectives: We hypothesized that, due to the intrinsic T1 and T2 associated with myocardial edema, higher contrast between the AAR and normal myocardium would be measured with pre-gadolinium T2 MRI than with pre-gadolinium T1 MRI. We also hypothesized than this would also be true for contrast between the infarct and peri-infarct zones within the AAR. Methods: MRI was performed 3 days after LAD occlusion-reperfusion in 13 dogs. The AAR was defined as having less than 50% blood flow by microspheres. The infarcted territory was defined by post-gadolinium delayed enhancement. In order to obtain tissue contrast measurements independent of pulse sequence used, T2 and T1 maps were computed from pre-gadolinium MRI with T2-prepared SSFP (14 TE's of 16-280ms) and with IR-GRE (10 TIs of 71-900ms) respectively. Both pulse sequences were calibrated on phantoms with known T1 and T2. Contrast, i.e. the ability to differentiate between two types of tissue, was defined as the ratio of the difference between average (T1 or T2) values over their standard deviation. Results: The microsphere blood flow during occlusion (depicting the AAR), the delayed contrast enhanced MRI (depicting the non-transmural infarct) and corresponding pre-gadolinium T1 and T2 maps are shown in Figure 1.Within the area at risk (dark zones by microspheres) the T1 map depicts elevated T1 values (red area) relative to the remote myocardium (green area). It is not easy to differentiate peri-infarct from infarct zones with T1 in this animal. While elevated T2 values are seen in the T2 map within the AAR relative to remote myocardium, it is also possible to delineate two zones within the AAR itself: the infarct zone (yellow area) and the peri-infarct zone (red area). Figure 2 shows the T2 values (left chart) and T1 values (right chart) for the three zones for all animals. The average T2 value of the infarct, the peri-infarct zone and remote myocardium were 72±2, 57±2 and 46±3ms respectively. The corresponding average T1 values were 1020±18, 972±18 and 879±13. Contrast between the different zones is shown in the Table. In all cases, T2 provided better contrast (range: 35-262%). Discussion: Our in-vivo results suggest that T2 MRI can yield better contrast than T1 MRI for differentiating infarct, peri-infarct and remote myocardium. These results do not reflect limitations set by a particular pulse sequence but rather by the physiology itself. These results are based on the intrinsic T1 and T2 changes as a result of different water content, water mobility and interactions with the lattice within the three regions. Given the in-vivo T1 and T2 values reported above, even simple T1 and T2 exponential calculations of the available signal show that contrast is better in T2-weighted images. This is despite the fact that the absolute signal is higher in T1weighted images. This is visible in Figure 1 where, despite that less noise is seen in the T1 map than in the T2 map, there is clearly less contrast between the infarct and peri-infarct zones in the T1 map compared to the T2 map.


Abstract Background Although molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) infection is a common disease widespread among children and young adults, there is no shared opinion on treatment that can be divided into physical, chemical, medical (immunomodulating or anti-viral). According to some authors, MCV is best left to clear by itself. Objectives To assess the clearance of MCV lesions in a sample of pediatric patients. It compares outcomes in treated with Imiquimod cream, compared with non-treated patients. Methods The sample consits of 48 pediatric patients affected by MVC clinically diagnosed. It was divided into two groups: Group I, treated with Imiquimod 5% cream once/day until the onset of a visible inflammatory reaction. Once the reaction was illicited, application was suspended until the irritation resolved. If the lesion was still present, drug was administered again using the same regimen. The cycle was repeated until complete clinical resolution. Group II, control, comprises non-treated patients. Follow up visits were carried out 12, 16, 20, 48, and 52 weeks from the beginning of treatment. Results At week 20, all patients except one in the treated group were lesion free. Persistence of MCV lesions was documented in one patient only until week 48. In the control group all patients were still affected by MCV lesions during the follow-up period. Spontaneous clinical resolution of the infection was observed in only 2 patients at week 52. The results of the study show Imiquimod's significant efficacy. Conclusions Our study is one of the few case-control studies in pediatric population carried out with such long-term follow-up. Efficacy of this personalized treatment, scarce recurrence, absence of cicatricial sequelae and lack of necessity for deep sedation, in the case of children with disseminated lesions, makes the use of Imiquimod the first line of treatment compared with other destructive treatments or with no-treatment at all.


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Field experiments were carried out in the Field Research Park of China Agricultural University during 2000 to 2001 to investigate the characteristic of growth and nutrient uptake of Poa pratensis lawn in Beijing area. The result indicated that the biomass of turfgrass increased quickly in May with suitable temperature and decreased with the high temperature in July and August. And the growth came back in September with the temperature decreasing. Considerable disease patches were observed in July and August. The content on N, P and K in turfgrass shoot was high in April, September and October than that in July and August. The uptake ratio of N∶P∶K was 9∶1∶5.


Despite improved commissioning practices, malfunctions or degradation of building systems still contribute to increase up to 20% the energy consumption. During operation and maintenance stage, project and building technical managers need appropriate methods for the detection and diagnosis of faults and drifts of energy performances in order to establish effective preventive maintenance strategies. This paper proposes a hybrid and multilevel fault detections and diagnosis (FDD) tool dedicated to the identification and prioritization of corrective maintenance actions helping to ensure the energy performance of buildings. For this purpose, we use dynamic Bayesian networks (DBN) to monitor the energy consumption and detect malfunctions of building equipment and systems by considering both measured occupancy and the weather conditions (number of persons on site, temperature, relative humidity (RH), etc.). The hybrid FDD approach developed makes possible the use of both measured and simulated data. The training of the Bayesian network for functional operating mode relies on on-site measurements. As far as dysfunctional operating modes are concerned, they rely mainly on knowledge extracted from dynamic thermal analysis simulating various operational faults and drifts. The methodology is applied to a real building and demonstrates the way in which the prioritization of most probable causes can be set for a fault affecting energy performance. The results have been obtained for a variety of simulated situations with faults deliberately injected, such as increase in heating preset temperature and deterioration of the transmission coefficient of the building's glazing. The limitations of the methodology are discussed and are translated in terms of the ability to optimize the experiment design, control period, or threshold adjustment on the control charts used.


Some aspects of the convergence of AGIS (Astrometric Global Iterative Solution) are discussed from a theoretical viewpoint. It is shown that the observed decline of the convergence rate can be understood from general principles. A simple scheme is suggested to accelerate the convergence. However, more efficient ways are likely to be found after a more thorough study of the problem.


Objective To observe the effect of Lamaze method on primiparas' laboring and its clinical application value.Methods 200 primiparas in the observation group were,offered systematic trainings in Lamaza laboring starting from the 28th week of pregnancy,and the 200 in the control group were not,but only offered the conventional one-to-one company in laboring.The two groups' cooperation with the midwives were observed,the ways of laboring recorded,the labor course graph charted,and the hemorrhaging 2 hours after the labor measured.Results The rate of cesarean section and haemorrhaging 2 hours after the labor of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P0.05).There were significant differences in the first stage of labor and the total labor course between the two groups (P0.01).Conclusion Lamaze laboring can help primipara to actively participate in the delivery,promote natural childbirth,reduce the rate of cesarean section,shorten delivery process and reduce post-partum hemorrhage.


This paper introduces a new technology Independent Component Analysis (ICA),including its basic concepts,principles,and some representative algorithms,such as Fast Independent Component Analysis (FICA) and Kernel Independent Component Analysis(KICA).The method of removing EOG artifact from EEG Data was proposed.Simulation results show that KICA algorithm can remove EOG artifact from the EEG signal better,and it is also more accurate and robust than FICA.


5. Implementation Aspects 13 5.1 8-bit Processor 13 5.2 32-bit Processor 14 5.2.1 The Round Transformation 14 5.2.2 Parallelism 15 5.2.3 Hardware Suitability 16 5.3 The Inverse Cipher 16 5.3.1 Inverse of Component Transformations 16 5.3.2 Inverse of a two-round Rijndael variant 17 5.3.3 Algebraic Properties 17 5.3.4 The Equivalent Inverse Cipher Structure 18 5.3.5 Implementations of the Inverse Cipher 19


the injector into two parts: the recessed chamber and the section before the recessed chamber. The gaseous injector flow before the recessed chamber is considered to be steady; only the response of the mass flow rate at the exit of coaxial injector to the pressure fluctuation at the liquid injector inlet has been investigated. The dynamic characteristics of the coaxial swirl injector can now be considered as two processes: the dynamics of the liquid swirl injector and the dynamics of the recessed chamber. The transfer function of the whole injector is obtained by combining the transfer functions of these two processes. The influence of the injector configuration and working condition on the injector dynamic characteristics was also studied. A smaller mixing ratio, larger mass flow rate, higher ambient pressure, smaller ratio of recess length to diameter, and larger geometry parameter would decrease theamplituderesponse ofthemass flowratepulsation, buttheseparametershavelittleeffectonthephasefrequency of the coaxial swirl injector.


The invention discloses a kind of low grade oils hydrotreating and catalytic cracking combined technique, the technique content obtains hot low point of oil and cold low point of oil to enter hydrotreating reaction area after feedstock oil and hydrogen mixing after gained hydrogenation reaction effluent gas-liquid separation;Obtained hot low point of oil and cold low point of oil are not directly entered fractionating column, isolated light catalytic cracked raw material and heavy catalytic cracked stock through different feeds mouth;Enter removal of ccr by hydrotreating reaction zone after obtained part heavy catalytic cracked stock and hydrogen mixing, reaction product enters separative unit and separated jointly with hydrotreating reaction area reaction effluent;The heavy catalytic cracked stock of obtained light catalytic cracked raw material and remainder individually or after mixing enters catalytic cracking unit and carries out catalytic cracking reaction, and reaction product enters catalytic cracking production separation system.Group technology of the present invention can produce high value added product with maximum, and hydrogenation plant entirety energy consumption can be greatly reduced.


(57) Abstract: Method for the aroma-containing substrate in a filling machine for filling a soluble beverage powder in the container is added to the soluble beverage powder. Soluble beverage powder is introduced into the filling machine, flushed with mobile phase form. Before filling the soluble beverage powder into a container, spraying the mobile phase aroma-containing substrate while in the filling machine. Mixture of soluble beverage powder and aroma-containing substrate having a substantially constant ratio of aroma-containing substrate to soluble beverage powder in this way is subjected to a container.


The experiment was conducted with the objective of evaluating the effect of dietary high copper on antioxidase in ducklings.360 one-day-old Tianfu ducklings were randomly divided into six groups,and fed on diets as follows:controls(Cu 8 mg/kg) and high copper(Cu 100 mg/kg,high copper group Ⅰ;Cu 200 mg/kg,high copper group Ⅱ;Cu 400 mg/kg,high copper group Ⅲ;Cu 600 mg/kg,high copper group Ⅳ;Cu 800 mg/kg,high copper group Ⅴ) for six weeks.The serum cuprozinc-superoxide dismutase,copper protein activities and liver cuprozinc-superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase activities decreased in high copper groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ compared with those of control group(P0.01),which were increase in high copper group Ⅰand Ⅱ(P0.01).The liver xanthine oxidase and monoamine oxidase activities were increased in high copper groups Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ(P0.01).The results indicated that dietary copper in excess of 400 mg/kg would inhibit the serum and liver antioxidase activities and impaire antioxydic function in ducklings.


Within the Samail Ophiolite, Oman, there are intervals of listvenite outcrops between layers of serpentinite zones above the basal thrust zone, atop the metamorphic sole. Near the base of the ophiolite mantle section, some peridotites underwent 100% carbonation from metasomatic introduction of CO2-bearing fluids <200°C to form listvenites during the time of emplacement (97 ± 29 Ma, Falk and Kelemen, 2015). The carbonate rocks comprise mostly magnesite and/or dolomite, quartz, Cr-spinel, and Fe-(hydr)oxides; with carbonates as the sole Mg-minerals and quartz as the only silicate phase. The aim of this study is to chemically and petrographically investigate the Fe-bearing minerals within the fluid-altered mantle rocks in drill core samples from hole BT1B of the ICDP Oman Drilling Project. Sequential chemical extractions are useful for recognizing iron pools based on the minerology. We investigated the quantities of Fe-oxide/hydroxide phases through a series of chemical extractions (Poulton and Canfield, 2005) via atomic absorption spectroscopy in addition to optical microscope, SEM/EDS, EPMA/WDS and ICP analysis. Extractions performed at room temperature and one at 50°C included: carbonate-associated Fe (sodium acetate) targeting siderite, HCl-extractable Fe(II), reducible oxides (citrate-dithionite) targeting hematite and possible goethite, and magnetite (oxalate). Carbonate-based Fe in the listvenites from a sodium acetate extraction ranges from 12-28 mg/g, while the same extraction performed at 50°C for twice as long resulted in higher proportions of carbonate-associated Fe (15-35 mg/g). Easily reducible iron quantities from the diluted HCl solution extraction display the lowest overall Fe fractions (0.75-5.5 mg/g) following the room temperature acetate and 0.63-1.7 mg/g after the 50°C acetate extraction. Fe in reducible oxides extracted by dithionite ranged from 1.4-15 mg/g with similar result after both a room-temperature acetate and a 50°C acetate step. Oxalate extraction succeeding the room-temperature acetate yielded magnetite concentrations of 1.9-8.0 mg/g, while the increased temperature and time in the first step (acetate extraction) were followed by significantly lower amounts of Fe extracted by oxalate (0.47- 3.6 mg/g). Additionally, the same extractions were performed on a pure siderite sample from Greenland. For siderite samples crushed a week prior to analysis, the carbonate-associated Fe in sodium acetate extract was 165±17 mg/g; the sidenote yielded 42 wt% of overall extracted Fe (392±33 mg/g). This is only slightly lower than the expected 48.2 wt% of Fe for a pure siderite sample. Dilute HCl extractions display results of 126±5.4 mg/g, dithionite solution extracted 25±0.5 mg/g and oxalate proportions were 76±9 mg/g. Due to possible oxidation of siderite to magnetite occurring during the time between powdering the samples and analysis, the full dissolution of siderite may not be fully represented in only the acetate. Microprobe data shows a total amount of FeO in carbonates as 1.3-10.8 wt%. This is more than or similar to the acetate and HCl proportions of Fe which represent carbonate associated minerals in the listvenites. Data obtained from EMPA and ICP will additionally be discussed in relation to the Fe-oxide phases with relation to the listvenites minerology.


The main task in university library is to do the sampling,treatment,transportion and using for the information around the center of teaching and research.Through the analysis of four information function,the developing trend of building model and fulfiling method for information ability in university library is given in the paper.


Cyberspace has been designated by organizations such as NATO as the fifth domain for battlespace, and many nations are already having and/or building their capabilities in the cyber defence environment in order to protect and defend their assets against any onslaught by their adversaries. It is a common belief that many African countries are not well positioned or prepared to respond effectively to cyberattacks against their citizens, critical infrastructure, and government. In many instances, the gap can be traced to the shortage of skills, lack of cybersecurity readiness and preparedness, and lack of investment in cybersecurity programmes, including policies within the military's strategic, tactical, and operational environments. This paper seeks to present a conceptual approach into how African countries could develop a resilient cyber defence capability in order to effectively respond to constant cyberattacks. The approach is underpinned by an integrated capability management philosophy using case studies in large and complex environments, including strategic and capability development learnings from other military domains outside the African continent. It is envisaged that the output of this paper may influence and support African states in building their cyber defence capabilities in a coordinated and integrated manner.


Herein we describe the drug design steps developed to increase the radical scavenging and β‐amyloid aggregation inhibitory activities of a previously described series of benzylidenephenylpyrrolizinones. Among the newly synthesized derivatives, some benzylphenylpyrrolizinones exhibited interesting results in regard to those activities. Initial druggability parameters were measured, and suggest these compounds as a suitable starting point for potential alternatives in treating Alzheimer's disease.


Geospatial technology refers to equipment and tools used to measure and analyze Earth's features. It includes photogrammetry, remote sensing, GPS, LiDAR, UAV, GIS etc., to collect digital data of objects. Geospatial technology is a multidisciplinary tool which has many useful applications in smart city, environmental science, healthcare, urban and rural landscapes and transportation. UAVs are now being used for many civilian applications. With the availability of high quality remote sensing images, GPS data, IoT sensors hardware's and softwares, the technology is currently growing at a rapid pace, helping planners, decision makers and government to analyse big data in several application areas such as urban, transportation, forest fire, agricultural monitoring, disaster relief and much more. Geospatial technology has found applications both public and private sectors. At present, the geospatial technology information has penetrated into several industries and organizations world-wide as it can provide accurate and latest information.


AIM:To explore the role of NO/ inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the metabotromi glutamate receptor 2/3C (mGluR2/3) mediated-brain ischemic tolerance induced by cerebral ischemic preconditioning (CIP), and to observe the influences of α-methyl-(4-tetrazolyl-phenyl) glycine (MTPG), an antagonist of mGluR2/3, on the expression of iNOS during the induction of brain ischemic tolerance. METHODS: Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to four vessel occluding global brain ischemic model. Thionin staining and immunohistochemistry were used for neuropathological evaluation and assay of iNOS expression in the hippocampal CA1 subregion of the rats. RESULTS: In the sham group, weak expression of iNOS was detected. The expression of iNOS in the CIP and CIP+ischemic insult groups were increased significantly compared with that in the sham group. Administration of MTPG via lateral cerebral ventricle 20 min before CIP blocked the up-regulation of iNOS induced by CIP, but had no influence on the pyramidal neuron survival. However, in the MTPG+CIP+ischemic insult group, the expression of iNOS was extremely intensive compared to that in CIP and MTPG+CIP groups. Importantly, this up-regulation was accompanied with obvious delayed neuronal death. CONCLUSION: NO/iNOS pathway plays an important role in the process of mGluR2/3 mediated-brain ischemic tolerance induced by CIP.


Methods: We build on previous models [2, 8-10] to develop a quantitative, axi-symmetric model for flow of and sedimentation from a steady-state, vertically uniform dilute density current for application to PDCs on Earth and Mars. The conservation of mass, momentum, and energy are solved simultaneously, and include the effects of atmospheric entrainment, particle sedimentation, basal friction, temperature changes, and variations in current thickness and density. In addition we calculate the Rouse number and Brunt-Väisäla frequency to estimate the wavelength of internal gravity waves within the currents, which are thought be the primary control on deposit bedform wavelength and amplitude [9]. Introduction: The products of explosive volcanism have long been observed on the surface of Mars, and their corresponding dynamics, such as dike propagation, magma fragmentation, and eruption columns under Martian conditions, have been modeled with significant success [e.g. 1]. However, the dynamics of pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) under Martian conditions is still poorly constrained. Our increasing capability to image the surface at high resolution, both from orbit and from rovers, presents an opportunity for more rigorous deposit observations and descriptions. For example, observations and geologic mapping of highland Patera identify low-relief, friable flanks, interpreted as the deposits of PDCs, surrounding a well defined caldera [e.g., 1, 2]. High resolution CTX and HiRISE images reveal layering within the friable flanks, further supporting an interpretation of volcanoclastic deposits. In addition the bedded deposits identified by the Spirit rover at "Home Plate," an outcrop within the Columbia Hills in Gusev Crater, have been interpreted by many as the deposits of dilute PDCs [e.g. 3-4]. Preliminary Results: Comparison of PDCs on Earth and Mars The roles of atmospheric density and gravity in controlling PDC dynamics and run out distance are explored by using identical initial conditions for Earth and Mars [Note: this simplified comparison does not capture predicted differences in vent dynamics between the two planets]. In both cases flow is supercritical and surge velocity initially increases due to thinning of the flow (Fig. 1). Note that the criticality of a given flow, thought to be a dominant control on bedform development and morphology [e.g. 9], is characterized by the non-dimensional densimetric Froude ratio


MIKCC-type MADS-box genes are involved in floral organ identity determination but remain less studied in the Malus lineage. Based on the conserved domains of this gene family, we identified 341 genes among 13 species. Classification results showed that the MIKCC-type were generated later than the M-type, after the formation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. By phylogenetic analysis, three different groups were divided among 12 plant species, and one group was an ancestral MIKCC-type MADS-box homologous gene cluster from lower moss to higher flowering plants. Comparative analysis of these genes in A. thaliana and Malus lineages revealed a similar pattern evolutionary relationship with the phylogenetic analysis. Three classes of genes of the ABC model in A. thaliana had orthologous genes in the Malus species, but they experienced different evolutionary events. Only a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event was considered to act on the expansion of ABC-model-related genes in the Malus lineage. Additionally, the expression pattern of genes showed to be involved in flowering development stages and anther development processes among different M. domestica cultivars. This study systematically traced the evolutionary history and expansion mechanism of the MIKCC-type MADS-box gene family in plants. The results also provided novel insights for ABC model research of flower development in the Malus lineage.


Love plays an important role in the normative production and sustenance of order. Historically implicated in imaginaries of order, it has been evoked to constitute community, legitimate coercion and (dis)empower. Put differently, love provides the affective glue that binds groups, frames feelings to enable and constrain action and is integral to the workings of power. Love can be evoked and governed for various political ends. Complicating accounts of love as a positive emotion, this article uncovers love's neglected history in disciplinary International Relations (IR) as an ideological mask that conceals its implication in violent worldmaking projects of empire, war and domination. To illustrate this, it identifies three ideal-typical – or Hegelian, Augustinian and Nietzschean – logics that exemplify love's ordering work and examines how they find expression in the work of three leading figures of disciplinary IR, namely Alfred Zimmern (1859–1957), Reinhold Niebuhr (1892–1971) and Hans Morgenthau (1904–1980).


Urban water circulation system composes of the natural system and the artificial circulation system,but its structure has had a fundamental change after a long-time"artificialization",resulting in an imbalanced hydrological ecology and serious urban waterlogging in rainy seasons. Wuhan's waterlogging is the result of the integrated effect of multiple factors,specifically: Wuhan's natural water ecological environment,"rain island effect",and negative problems brought by rapid urban development. According to the idea of organic coordination between a city and its water ecology,the main countermeasures to solve Wuhan's waterlogging includes improving hydrological planning,separating rain and sewage,raising design standard by using new technology and new materials,meeting the drainage demand,enhancing the management of drainage facilities,strengthening rainstorm warning and emergency disposal.


This study aims first, analyzing the effect of leadership, motivation and recruitment simultaneously on employee performance at PT. Tuning Auto Graha Palembang. Second, analyzing the effect of leadership, motivation and recruitment simultaneously on employee performance at PT. Tunas Auto Graha Palembang. The population is 140 people and the sample in this study is based on Sugiyono's opinion with an error rate of 5%, totaling 100 respondents / employees. Testing the validity of the instrument through Corrected Item-Total Correlation, Performance Variables (Y), leadership (X1), and motivation (X2) the results of the test are valid. The reliability test results are all reliable variables on the questionnaire. The results of the statistical calculation of the regression equation Y = 15.149 + 0.327.X1 + 0.624.X2 + 0.438.X3 + e. This study concludes first, leadership, motivation, and recruitment together have a positive and significant effect on the performance of the employees of PT Tunas Auto Graha Palembang City. Second, leadership has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Third, motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Fourth, recruitment has a positive and significant effect on the performance of the employees of PT Tunas Auto Graha Palembang City


As humans, we use our facial expressions to communicate our thoughts and feelings without saying a word. The recognition of these facial expressions can provide a better idea of people's thoughts or opinions. At present, the high performance of deep learning procedures has influenced the high efficiency of image recognition systems. This paper proposes a Facial Expression Recognition System (FER) using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). We have made use of features such as Gabor wave coefficients, Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG), Speed-Up Robust Features (SURF), and Local Binary Patterns (LBP). We have used the Random Forest algorithm for the selection of the best features from the extracted feature set, accordingly, the learning procedure can be faster. The widely used CK+ database can be used for the appraisal of our proposed system. We have also compared our proposed method against similar FER systems and the consequences are satisfactory.


When the credits of an audiovisual adaptation is the entry adjustment, at first, it seems it is a claim without further discussion. But the process is not simple as it appears, because the literary adaptations has its own universe, so how much it seems like it is something totally different. This article aims to discuss the adaptation of literary works into other languages. To do this, launch will hand the analysis of different adjustments to the audio of a classic of Portuguese literature "O primo Basilio". Audiovisual versions of literary adaptations are a new production that's relations to a greater or lesser extent, with the original. The productions n question are the global series (1988), and the film directed by Daniel Filho (2007). It is seen that through the dialogue established between the culture of that word and image, any adjustment must necessarily change the text of which is a part, since it uses different signs and codes in its making, bypassing a process Replay and reframing. One of the points to be discussed by this work is to what extent these significations to do this? That is why this article will try to discuss in general terms, the dialogic and intertextual relations that arise between literature and the process of adaptation of "O primo Basílio" Eça de Queirós, addressing through concepts such as intertextuality, dialogism, cannibalism, and comparative literature.


Prevention of the further spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) among US adolescents requires collaboration between the health and education sectors as well as partnerships at the local state and federal levels. The effectiveness of current school-based programs has been compromised by their emphasis on sexual abstinence and refusal to acknowledge adolescent sexuality; moreover many adolescents have already begun to engage in high-risk behaviors by the time an HIV prevention curriculum is introduced. Although 34% of US middle and senior high school students have been exposed to school-based AIDS education only 8% live in communities with youth-oriented condom availability programs. The basic challenge is to enable health care professionals and educators to work together to provide comprehensive services with categorical funding streams. Recommended are five policy initiatives: 1) authorization of the Department of Health and Human Services to coordinate--through its new Office of Adolescent Health--personnel and resources for HIV prevention; 2) establishment of a network of State Offices of Adolescent HIV/AIDS Prevention to maximize coordination of resources across the health and education sectors and promote interdisciplinary approaches; 3) establishment on the state level of a per capita funding system for HIV prevention education at all grade levels to ensure program quality; 4) creation by state education departments of a Health/Education Collaborative Committee to coordinate program development; and 5) establishment by school systems of a health and education HIV/AIDS advisory committee that includes school administrators and public and private sector health professionals.


The important relationship between upstream soil and water conservation measures and salmonid habitat conditions in the Pacific Northwest is illustrated by way of computer simulations of habitat supported by the Tucannon River. The analysis was carried out with a physically-based mathematical model which incorporates all the important processes which affect the grow and survival of salmonid embryos and fry. Results from prognosis runs conducted using different Tucannon River watershed scenarios demonstrate that restoring the watershed to its pristine condition would result in a significant habitat recovery in terms of emerging fry reaching the stream.


Evidence suggests that circulating microparticles play a key role in the pathogenesis of venous thromboembolism [1–3]. However, the effects of anticoagulant therapy on plasma microparticle levels in patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) remain poorly investigated [4]. We hypothesized that different long-term anticoagulant treatments would have an impact on circulating microparticles in this group of patients. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate the changes in plasma microparticle levels in DVT patients undergoing long-term anticoagulant therapy with acenocoumarol (an oral coumarin anticoagulant acting as a vitamin K antagonist) or tinzaparin (a low-molecularweight heparin formed by the enzymatic degradation of porcine unfractionated heparin). This information will hopefully stimulate more studies on the potential role played by circulating microparticles on recurrent venous thromboembolic events.


Resveratrol is a kind of polyphenolic compound with antibiosis,antioxidant anticancer and healthy value for human.To gather a lot of resveratrol from natural plants faces the shortage of resources and it is a significance to produce resveratrol by using technology of plant cell suspension culture.The reviews on the new developments about the technology of plant cell suspension culture and its application in research of resveratrol biosynthesis were presented.


The authors of the article emphasized the structural efficiency and unique geometry of bionic shells which make it possible to implement the most extraordinary architectural solutions. The estimations of different options of geodetic shells are given. The conclusions on the mesh of shells of this type in extreme habitats are made. The mesh of shells of a bionic type has the criteria which are deterministic, for example, shape strength, resistance to aerodynamic, snow loads, minimum construction material and maximum usage of the volume.


Hafiz Ali Korca had singled Islamic mysticism and its poetics, the tasavvuf, Oriental Sufi literature of Omar Khayyam. Nezim Berati, author of the Divan, the names mutesavvif. The form and manner of spiritual cleansing, uplifting, lighting internal and external, in order to obtain the agreement of God and eternal bliss, has singled out the Eqrem Cabej to Naim Frasheri poetic beginnings. Religious feelings helped him strengthen ethnic sense. The Divan, in complex form of oriental supplied popular culture, written text spoken text (sung text). Paid the debt that had to Albanian oral literary culture. The study will argue that the Albanian literature is added value. Our history of the spiritual culture of literary monuments go 4. The Divan first Albanian has pure literary discourse. It is a way of being self-sufficient. The truth of gazellas, his kasidas possible. Marked what could happen. The event provided the writers figured through the process of story, description or image. Real size of fables not lose, time and space are not fantasy. Therefore this is not fantasy literature, but the tassavvuf. Its hero acts in the domain of spirituality. As a combination of spiritual requirements for completing their dream. It is poetry as a separate value and beauty. Austrian researcher Han author make antonymyzation Anakreont of Albania. The Divan in Albanian literature was a unified stylistic formation, which served the Islamic aesthetic purpose. Her literary theoretical codification is tasavvuf. Is more universal than the national poet, despite the trend towards national.


In this paper, nine types of factors that affected the output of coal are analyzed at first, which cover the coal minability conditions, coal mining and transporting capacity and reliability, as well as management and operation level. By use of the nine types of factors, a BP neural network model has been built to reflect the responded relations between the facors and the output of coal. The simulation results show that the BP neural network model forecasted the output of coal more effectively than regression model did.


Abstract Cycling tourism is a rapidly developing type of tourism in Europe and it is recognised in the tourism strategic documents of the Republic of Serbia as one of the key tourist products that should be developed specifically in the Danube region. This paper aimed to examine residents' perceptions towards cycling tourism on the Danube cycle route in Serbia using the modified Tourism Impact Attitude Scale (TIAS). In addition, a multiple regression model was used to test the effects of the independent variables on residents' perceptions towards cycling tourism development. The research findings indicate that residents have a favourable attitude towards cycling tourism, which is in the initial phase of development in the study area, and that the independent variables are predictors of residents' perceptions. Implications for tourism development and planning are discussed and future research opportunities provided.


The Bureau of Mines initiated a field test of underground coal gasification to investigate the technologic feasibility of gasifying a subbituminous coal. The test site is near the town of Hanna, Wyo., about 70 miles northwest of Laramie. Preliminary results of the experiment are described. The coal was ignited in the central well of a 16-well pattern. Both forward and reverse combustion techniques were attempted to prepare a path of sufficient permeability to permit the high air injection rates necessary for gasification. Gasification between linked wellbores was sustained for periods as long as 3 months. Hydrogen-rich gas having a heating value of 100 to 150 Btu/scf was produced. Work done in cooperation with the University of Wyoming.