This book examines the importance of Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) and how it can provide models for a time- tested The essays, written by a team of from explore through from the authors New in Sustainability and Society features a program of books that focus on designing a resilient and sustainable future through a rich understanding of past and present social and ecological dynamics. Collectively, they demonstrate that sustainability research requires engagement with a range of ields spanning the social and natural sciences, humanities, and applied sciences. Books in the series show that a successful transition to a sustainable future will depend on the ability to apply lessons from past societies and link local action to global processes.


In recent hundred years the annual discharge variations of the Changjiang River (represented by the Yichang station) and the Huanghe River (represented by Shanxian and Tangnaihe, respectively) have closely related to the geographical distribution of the earthquakes coming about in China in the same year, Both the occurrence of the destructive seism or seismic swarm in the river basins and the disappearance of the shocks in the east and south of the basins are the conditions that the Changjiang and Huanghe Rivers are the high flow while that the strong earthquake of magnitude 7 or more occurred in North China is the condition for the Changjiang low flow year and that of 6 or more in the Qilian Mountains area is for the Huanghe River. In the latter part of this paper, a 2-year sample is given to explain that the conditions of the 2 rivers being high flow years are that the north-south seismic belt is active and in the meanwhile no seism occurred in South China, and those of the low flow year are that the strong quake(s) occurred in the north and south of China and quiet in the north-south seismic belt. The analysis indicates that the seismically active area is in general consistent with the high value of soil temperature anomalies at the depth of 3.2 m, which may help to explain the physical relationship between the seism and the precipitation field.


Abstract : The performance parameters proposed by Soland et al. were used to perform a comparison of the Kays and London plate - finned surfaces for heat exchangers constructed from stainless steel, mild steel, aluminum, and cooper. Three additional comparison criteria were also investigated by modifying the proposed parameters. When using stainless steel, the louvered plate - finned surface 1/4 (b) 0 11.1, is the best, but when using mild steel, aluminum, or copper, the wavy - fin plate - finned surface 17.8 - 3/8w is the best of those considered.


Organic product is a phenomenon which is rapidly gaining importance in modern marketing. Today the world requires new decision and innovations which are leads to organic product environment and also to create a new market condition to the potential buyers. The objective of the study is to analysis the factors influencing consumer buying behaviour and awareness of organic product to the society. A well structured methodology has been adopted to collect primary and secondary data for the research. Suitable statistical tools have followed for analysis and as out put the study reveals that there is an increasing trend in customer's awareness and in turn the green product market have gained momentum.  It  also  highlighted  about  the  impact  of  non-organic  product  on  society  and  suggestions  were  given based on the study. This study also creates an opportunity for future research program me in the same field.


Saturnino M Borras Jr is Canada Research Chair in International Development Studies, Saint Mary's University, Canada. His recent publications are Pro-Poor Land Reform: A Critique (University of Ottawa Press, 2007); Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform, Vol 1, International Perspective and Vol 2, Philippine Perspective (Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2007). His co-edited books are Land, Poverty and Livelihoods: Perspectives from Developing and Transition Countries (2007) and On Just Grounds: Struggling for Agrarian Justice and Citizenship Rights in the Rural Philippines (2005).


Objective
To explore relationship between the nature of carotid atherosclerotic plaque and the number and function of endothelial progenitor cells in peripheral blood.

Methods
A prospective study of 80 carotid atherosclerotic plaque patients were selected from June 2016 to March 2017 in Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital.All patients were examined with Cranial magnetic resonance imaging or X-ray computed tomography, pathological examination, carotid artery color Doppler ultrasonography.Patients were divided into hard plaque group (n=42) and soft plaque group (n=38) according to the nature of carotid atherosclerotic plaque.Forty healthy subjects were selected as controls.Monocytes were obtained from 10 ml of elbow venous blood by density gradient centrifugation.Adherent cells were cultured and identified by confocal laser microscopy.The number, migration, proliferation and adhesion of EPCs in soft plaque group and hard plaque group were evaluated.

Results
The number of proliferating cells(0.847±0.037), migrating cells(27.697±8.248) and adherent cells(46.184±7.876) in the normal control group were significantly higher than those in the hard plaque group ((0.647±0.019), (18.643±3.289), (32.165±4.325)) and the soft plaque group ((0.679±0.023), (23.576±6.327), (40.587±6.523))(all P<0.001), while the proliferation, migration and adherent cells in the hard plaque group were lower than those in the soft plaque group (all P<0.001).

Conclusion
The nature of carotid atherosclerosis plaque is closely related to the number and function of endothelial progenitor cells in peripheral blood.The number of endothelial progenitor cells in carotid atherosclerosis patients with hard plaque is small, and their proliferation, migration and adhesion ability are impaired.

Key words:
Carotid atherosclerosis; Endothelial progenitor cells; Carotid atherosclerosis plaque; Plaque nature


Abstract Supraphysiological doses of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) have been associated to possible nerve tissue damage and behavioral effects. Considering the lack of knowledge of the neural aspects involved in these behavioral alterations, this work aimed to analyze the anxious behavior response or aggressiveness, besides quantifying the neuronal density of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and of the ventral posterior nucleus (VPN) of the medial amygdala. The animals received doses of testosterone cypionate (CT Group) and stanozolol (ST Group) twice a week for 33 days. The effects of chronic administration of AAS related to anxious behavior (as determined by the elevated plus maze [EPM] test) in male animals are observed in a lower number of entries (< 45.25%), and a shorter staying time spent in the open arms (< 41.9%) was observed in the ST. In female animals, a longer staying time spent in the closed arms of the EPM test was observed in the CT (> 15%) as well as a shorter staying time spent in the open arms for CT (< 17.1%) also to ST (< 52.1%). Regarding the neuronal density in BLA, a significant reduction in neuronal density of male animals (17.55%) was observed only in CT, whereas for females, significant differences were found in CT (19.16%) and ST (18.36%). The reduction of neuronal density in VPN in male animals was 13.55% in CT and 17.68% in ST, whereas in group of females it was 13.53% and 14.32%, respectively for CT and ST. Therefore, the two steroids used in this experiment were able to significantly reduce neuronal density in two analyzed areas, regardless of sex, suggesting that indiscriminate use of these substances causes death of brain amygdala neurons.


We present the results of our study of a volume-limited sample (z <= 0.071) of 101 X-ray galaxy groups and clusters, in which we explore the X-ray cavity energetics. Out of the 101 sources in our parent sample, X-ray cavities are found in 30 of them, all of which have a central cooling time of less than3 Gyr. New X-ray cavities are detected in three sources. We focus on the subset of sources that have a central cooling time of less than 3 Gyr, whose active galactic nucleus (AGN) duty cycle is approximately 61 percent (30/49). This rises to over 80 percent for a central cooling time of less than 0.5 Gyr. When projection effects and central radio source detection rates are considered, the actual duty cycle is probably much higher. In addition, we show that data quality strongly affects the detection rates of X-ray cavities. After calculating the cooling luminosity and cavity powers of each source with cavities, it is evident that the bubbling process induced by the central AGN has to be, on average, continuous, to offset cooling. We find that the radius of the cavities, r, loosely depends on the ambient gas temperature as T^0.5, above about 1.5 keV, with much more scatter below that temperature. Finally, we show that, at a given location in a group or cluster, larger bubbles travel faster than smaller ones. This means that the bubbles seen at larger distances from cluster cores could be the result of the merging of several smaller bubbles, produced in separate AGN cycles.


Optical character recognition systems improve human-machine interaction and are urgently required for many governmental and commercial departments. A considerable progress in the recognition techniques of Latin and Chinese characters has been achieved. By contrast, Arabic Optical Character Recognition (AOCR) is still lagging although the interest and research in this area is becoming more intensive than before. This is because the Arabic is a cursive language, written from right to left, each character has two to four different forms according to its position in the word, and most characters are associated with complementary parts above, below, or inside the character. The process of Arabic character recognition passes through several stages; the most serious and error-prone of which are segmentation, and feature extraction & classification. This research focuses on the feature extraction and classification stage, being as important as the segmentation stage. Features can be classified into two categories; Local features, which are usually geometric, and Global features, which are either topological or statistical. Four approaches related to the statistical category are to be investigated, namely: Moment Invariants, Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix, Run Length Matrix, and Statistical Properties of Intensity Histogram. The paper aims at fusing the features of these methods to get the most representative feature vector that maximizes the recognition rate.


Waste is a waste which can not be used again, which could in solid, liquid or gas form. If we hear that a litter box can make the surrounding environment uncomfortable because it causes a foul odor and can also be a source of diseases such as itching, diarrhea, flu, dengue, bacteria and others. This can provide problems where the author can take the initiative to conduct research to be able to design and build a garbage box tool that works automatically by using an ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 as a detector of an object that is in front of him using a distance of 10 cm which can be adjusted according to the command so that that distance will be able to open the trash box if it exceeds the distance of 10 cm then the sensor will not work, to open the trash box using a micro servo given 10 seconds to open the trash box if it is more than the specified time then the trash box will work to close the trash box where the dfplayer and speakers work to issue sounds that will be determined according to commands such as saying thank you for throwing trash in its place for the control system using an Arduino microcontroller to run a program. the set to work properly. The purpose of building the garbage box tool is so that the community is protected from bacteria that exist on the surface of the garbage box that can cause disease and increase the community to always take care of the surrounding environment.


In 2017, the World Health Organization published "Medication Without Harm, WHO Global Patient Safety Challenge," to reduce patient harm caused by unsafe medication use practices. While the five objectives emphasise the need to create a framework for action, engaging key stakeholders and others, most published research has focused on the perspectives of health professionals. The aim was to explore the views and experiences of decision‐makers in Qatar on organisational safety culture, medication errors and error reporting.


I.-EXPERIMENTAL WORK Steindorff, Kurt (Berlin>.-Experiments in iontophoresis. Incidentally a contribution to the medical treatment of lens opacities. (Experimentelle zur Iontophorese. Zugleich ein Beitrag zur medicamentosen Behandlung von Linsentrubungen.) Arch. f. Obhthal., Bd. CXX, April, 1928. In -nost cases the experiments were done on rabbits and in a few on dogs and cats. Eyes intended to be removed as a whole for examination were experimented on under ether or urethane general anaesthesia and the others under one per cent. holocaine local anaesthesia. Steindorff's conclusions are as follows: 1. For the quantitative determination of iodine the colorimetric method evolved by Heffter-Anten is one of the most exact. 2. Using a 2 per cent. solution of iodine and a current of 10 m. A. for 30 mins; the amount of iodine penetrating the eye is found to be 0 856-0{994 mgs. 3. With a stronger current the amount of iodine entering the eye in the same period of time increases. 4. With weak currents (2 m. A.) acting for short periods (2 mins.) the quantity of iodine entering the eye varies very greatly. 5. The same holds good of iodine introduced into the aqueous with weak and with strong currents. 6. From weak solutions less iodine enters the eye than from strong ones. 7. Iontophoresis is more effective than simple diffusion. 8. Weak currents acting for long periods conduct more iodine into the eye than strong currents acting for short periods. 9. The iodine entering the eye with 2 m. A. in 2 mins. is eliminated from the aqueous in 60 mins. and from the globe at the latest in 240 mins. 10. Strong currents carry into the vitreous about the same quantity of iodine as into the aqueous; on the contrary weak currents are ineffective. 11. The amounts found in the coat of the eye (30 m. A. 15 mins) are considerable. 12. Through ionisation iodine never enters the lens. 13. In 1 hour' after intravenous injection of 1 c.c. alival, between 0'137 and 0'2475 mgs. of iodine enter the globe. The 604


This thesis is one in a group of several theses that are researching different subjects in the development of a new cryptocurrency. For a few years now, the cryptocurrency market has grown dramatic ...


Submerged arc welding is widely used in pipeline manufacturing due to higher efficiency as compared to the other welding processes. In present study, TiO2-SiO2-CaO and SiO2-CaO-Al2O3–based submerged arc welding fluxes were developed for joining of linepipe steel. Twenty-one fluxes were formulated based on mixture design methodology. Fluxes were analysed using X-ray florescence (XRF), thermogravimetric, differential-scanning calorimetry, Hot-disc and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The structural behaviour of rutile basic fluxes were analysed using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry were performed from 25 ℃ to 900 ℃ in order to determine the thermal stability and change in enthalpy of fluxes. Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat of each flux were evaluated by hot disc technique. The density and grain fineness number for flux particles was evaluated at room temperature. Multi objective optimisation was performed to derive the optimised flux formulations. Individual effect of all the mixture constituents is rarely observed on the physicochemical properties of fluxes as compared to the binary and ternary mixture effects. The binary compositions significantly affect the density. TiO2-CaO is the most effective binary mixture which has increasing effect on density while all remaining binary mixture constituents have decreasing effect. The weight loss of fluxes observed during thermogravimetric analysis is affected by binary and ternary mixture constituents. Both binary and ternary flux mixtures affect change in enthalpy observed during differential scanning calorimetry. SiO2.Al2O3 is the only most effective binary mixture constituent of flux having increasing effect on thermal conductivity. Binary mixture constituents TiO2.CaF2, SiO2.Al2O3 and CaO.Al2O3 are the most effective and having synergistic effect on thermal diffusivity.


This is the first study on the phytochemical content, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Calendula officinalis (Asteraceae) growing in the close and protective ecological system of Mount Athos. The purpose of this study is to determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of C. officinalis extracts and to specify the involved compounds. The aerial parts of Calendula officinalis (Asteraceae) were extracted exhaustively with petroleum ether, dichloromethane and methanol. The concentrated methanol extract was reextracted, successively, with diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of all these extracts were evaluated through two in vitro model systems: the inhibition of lipid peroxidation induced by 1,1-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl stable free radical and the inhibition of soybean lipoxygenase. The last experiment is carried out for the first time in the genus Calendula. The extracts with the most significant antioxidant capacity with the first model system, was the diethyl ether and ethyl acetate and were equivalent. With the second model system, the extracts of the ethyl acetate as well as of the butanol and their residues, proved to be the strongest inhibitors of lipoxygenase. Phytochemical analysis of the plant lead to isolation of pseudotaraxasterol, quercetin, chlorogenic acid, diglucoside of oleanolic acid and a triglycoside of oleanolic acid. The triglycoside of oleanic acid was isolated for the first time in the genus Calendula. The results of biological experiments as well as the secondary metabolites presented in the extracts of this plant, which are known as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory factors, provide support to usage of Calendula officinalis, growing wild in Mount Athos, as a protecting factor from body cells damages caused by oxidation and as a reducing inflammation factor.


Based on the experimental results of adding RE to gas carburizing in routine temperature(920~930 ℃),the RE carburizing process model in the routine temperature is put forward.The finite element analysis ADINAT procedure is used to simulate and satisfactory results are obtained.Combining with the gained works of RE carburizing in low temperature,RE carburizing numerical simulation model in the range of 850~930 ℃ is set up to benefit computer control of the technology.


PUBLISHING the results from the first two quarters of its year-long survey to investigate the levels of Campylobacter on fresh chickens last week, the Food Standards Agency (FSA) reported that 70 per cent of the chickens sampled tested positive for the presence of the bacterium. Eighteen per cent of chickens tested showed Campylobacter levels above 1000 colony-forming units (cfu) per gram, the highest classification of contamination. Six per cent of the chickens' packaging tested positive for Campylobacter, with one sample testing positive for the highest level of contamination. The results also showed that none of the retailers from which the chickens tested were acquired were meeting the end-of-production target for reducing Campylobacter. A total of 1995 samples of fresh whole chilled chickens has been tested so far as part of the FSA's survey. Reporting the results of the survey, the FSA also named the retailers involved. This represents a change in approach by the FSA, which anonymised the results in its report of the first quarter of testing (VR, August 16/23, 2014, vol 175, p 158). However, the agency warned that the data had to be interpreted carefully. It also said that 'there are signs that some retailers are starting to step up to their responsibilities' but that recent interventions to reduce the levels of Campylobacter would not be reflected in the survey results at this stage. The FSA and the industry have set a joint target of reducing the prevalence of chickens contaminated with more than 1000 cfu/g to less than 10 per cent at the end of the slaughter process by the end of 2015. In the recently published results, when confidence intervals were taken into account, Tesco was identified as the only one of the main retailers to have a lower than industry average incidence of chicken contaminated with Campylobacter at the highest level. Eleven per cent of its sampled chickens showed this level of contamination compared with the industry average of 18 per cent. Asda was the only main retailer found to have a higher than industry average of chickens contaminated with Campylobacter at the highest level, with 28 per cent of its sampled chickens testing positive at the highest level. The other retailers from which chicken samples were taken were Co-op, Marks & Spencer, Morrisons, Sainsbury's, Waitrose and 'Others', which included supermarkets with a small market share, plus convenience stores, independent retailers and butchers. 'Although we are only halfway through the survey, 18 per cent of birds tested had Campylobacter over 1000 cfu/g, the highest level of contamination, and more than 70 per cent of birds had some Campylobacter on them,' said Steve Wearne, the FSA's director of policy. 'This shows there is a long way to go before consumers are protected from this bug.' The survey will run until February 2015, with 4000 samples of whole chickens to be tested in total.


draws on ideas developed in Sudan, Afghanistan and the DR Congo to critique thinking by development actors about 'post-conflict' countries. I first suggest that development actors and others wishing to intervene in Nepal's local political environment should not concentrate solely on what they think local politics lacks, according to ideal frameworks of the state. Instead, I highlight different ways of viewing the state and local politics in developing and post-conflict countries, focusing particularly on theories that seek to better understand local informal political realities. I then use brief case studies to illustrate examples of local level transitional politics in Nepal. After this I highlight some possible benefits to development actors of cultivating such an understanding of local politics. This will be followed by a suggestion of how to carry out such an analysis. I conclude that development actors need not resign themselves to an acceptance of the reality of politics; nor should they only ask 'what is missing?' when looking at local politics and the Nepali state. Instead, I suggest that a realistic and more effective form of analysis would integrate detailed studies of the local political reality with continuing and necessary longterm goals to reform practices such as corruption and patronage. In particular, this paper argues that an understanding of the impact of political practices can assist interventions in identifying political practices which are effective and supported locally and those that are not. The alternative to this is a continued (and often wilful) ignorance of the complex reality of local Nepali politics. Although the focus of the paper is on critiquing forms of analysis, I also explore some of the difficulties


Dasatinib, a highly potent BCR‐ABL inhibitor, is an effective treatment for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML CP) after resistance, suboptimal response, or intolerance to prior imatinib. In a phase 3 dose optimization trial in patients with CML CP (CA180‐034), the occurrence of pleural effusion was significantly minimized with dasatinib 100 mg once daily (QD) compared with other treatment arms (70 mg twice daily [twice daily], 140 mg QD, or 50 mg twice daily).


A new type of dispersion flattened photonic fiber is presented. The fiber has an improved threefold symmetry core that consists of a silica core surrounded by three low-index regions and three air-holes. It can be observed from numerical simulation employing the full-vectorial finite difference frequency domain method that nearly-zero ultra-flattened dispersion can be obtained over the wavelength range of 1250-1700 nm. All fiber's parameters are found to be non-immune to imperfections of geometry. An attention should though be paid to the potential fabrication process. The chromatic dispersion behavior with fabrication tolerances of 1 % and 2 % has been numerically demonstrated. Finally, fiber designs with five different hole-to-hole spacing (pitch) have been proposed. Each of the proposed fibers exhibits remarkable chromatic dispersion properties, such as nearly-zero ultra-flattened dispersion over wide wavelength range or zero dispersion at the wavelength of 1550 nm.


Introduction: Image integration is used in AF ablation procedures. To maximize the efficacy of image integration, it is essential to obtain good alignment between the electroanatomical map and the 3D image of the heart. In the present study, we compared an ICE‐guided landmark registration with an ICE‐guided focused endocardial surface registration.


Objective:Analyse the causes of omissive diagnosis of renal stone mergering with renal pelvic tumor .To evaluate the methods of diagnosis and therapy of renal calculus mergering with renal pelvic tumor.Methods:A restrospective analysis was going on 13 cases of the renal stone mergering with renal pelvic tumor from 1993~2003 about clinical data.Results:In the 13 cases of the renal calculus mergering with renal pelvic tumor, 2 cases was diagnosed by ultrasonography and CT preoperatively.The simultaneous existence of a renal pelvic tumor was neglected preoperatively in 11 ( 84.6%). Radical nephrectomy was performed in 5 cases and nephrectomy was applied to 8 cases because of renal calculi accompanied high nephrydrosis and no function. Ten cases have been followed up ,6 cases are still alive.Conclusions:There were no characteristic symptoms of renal calculus mergering with renal pelvic tumor.It is very important to analyse the significant clinical data preoperatively and to have a examination carefully during operation.


Motivated by the similar structure and actuation mechanism to humans and animals, the study of musculoskeletal robots has gained attention in recent years. However, the unilateral actuation property of muscles and high complexity of the mechanical system imposes great challenges on the design and control of such robots. An open-source realistic simulation platform for theoretical testing would therefore be advantageous for the research community of musculoskeletal robots. In this paper, an end-to-end open-source framework for the design, simulation and control of the general class of musculoskeletal robots (CARDSFlow) is presented. The framework consists of three advantageous features: 1) 3D computer-aided designs of musculoskeletal robots can be automatically converted for use with Gazebo and CASPR; 2) realistic physics simulation of musculoskeletal robots within Gazebo; and 3) integration of CASPR cable-driven robot controllers with CARDSFlow through the ROS platform. Simulation results on a two-link planar robot and the Roboy robot arm are presented to demonstrate the convenience to design and simulate musculoskeletal robots using CARDSFlow.


This paper discusses the work of Yooroang Garang: the Centre for Indigenous Health Studies at the University of Sydney (Australia), focusing on professional education of Aboriginal health workers (AHWs). Aboriginal Education Centres in tertiary institutions are challenged to ensure that those institutions impart knowledge that is relevant and appropriate to Aboriginal people's cultural needs and aspirations. Most students at Yooroang Garang come from rural New South Wales, where the health status of Aboriginal people is much poorer than that of Whites. AHW training is critical to improving health conditions in rural Aboriginal communities, as AHWs deliver primary care services, provide health promotion and health education, and act as cultural brokers. However, AHWs encounter many problems: maintaining their own cultural identity; balancing Western and Aboriginal concepts of illness and health; and coping with isolation, confidentiality issues, gender issues, insufficient training, and lack of recognition by other health professionals. Yooroang Garang has developed culturally appropriate strategies to improve Aboriginal students' learning outcomes, including student attendance in 2-week study blocks; consideration of Aboriginal attitudes toward kin, community, and land; structured kits of learning materials to support indigenous adults undertaking off-campus study; supervised cooperative projects in Aboriginal communities; and teaching methods that build on learners' experience, enable students to assess their own learning needs, and are appropriate to the learning styles of Aboriginal adults. (SV) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ANDROGOGY AND ABORIGINAL AUSTRALIAN LEARNING STYLES Yooroang Garang: The Centre for Indigenous Health Studies, University of Sydney U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Offic of Educational Research and Improvement ED ATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY -Ra-y-B a-r-nh a-r-d t TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 1 Submitted By: Kathleen Clapham Angela Dawson Patricia King -4 Leslie Bursill Ct, 4 BEST COPY AVAILABLE sz< Androgogy and Aboriginal Australian Learning Styles


Helical Pile A manufactured steel foundation consisting of one or more helix-shaped bearing plates affixed to a central shaft that is rotated into the ground to support structures. At this research will be presented result of static loading test constan rate penetration method (CRP) helical pile conducted at peat. Result of data from loading test in the form of load and degradation interpretation with tangen of intersection method. addition sum up the same plate helical diameter will improve the capacities support helical pile. But if plate helical most under smaller hence addition sum up the plate helical do not have an effect on the signifikan to Qultimate the helical pile though plate helical for bigger. Result of the encumbering attempt compared to by result of energy calculation support the helical pile use the method of Induvidual plate bearing and cylinder shear. From comparison result known that by Qultimate the method of cylinder shear more coming near result of burden test with the standard error 2,37 while ,Qultimate the individual method of plate bearing come near result of burden test with the standard error 4,38. Key words : helical pile, peat, individual plate bearing, cylinder shear


Abstract The crystal structure of [4-C2H5-C6H4NH3]2ZnBr4 (1) has been determined at 150(2) K: triclinic, P1̅, a=724.82(2), b=1194.20(4), c=1322.26(4) pm, α=74.151(3), β=80.887(3), γ=80.434(3)°, and Z=2. There are two crystallographically independent cations in the unit cell of 1: one has its benzene ring perpendicular to the crystallographic a axis of the unit cell and the other one has its benzene ring perpendicular to the c axis. These cations are alternatingly located along the c axis and form organic layers, and the ZnBr4 anions form inorganic layers in between. Zn–Br···H–N hydrogen bonds are formed between cations and anions. In accordance with the crystal structure, four nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) lines of 81Br were observed. The temperature dependence of the 81Br NQR frequencies between 77 and 320 K shows a peculiar feature which is not due to a structural phase transition. The measurement of 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra at around T=340 K indicates a redistribution of cations. The temperature dependence of 81Br NQR frequencies and differential thermal analysis measurements show that [4-C2H5-C6H4NH3]2CdBr4 (2) undergoes a structural phase transition at around 190 K.


"Star" survey designs have become an increasingly popular alternative to parallel line designs in fisheries-independent sampling of areas with isolated fish aggregations, such as artificial reefs, seamounts, fish aggregating devices, and spawning aggregation sites. In this study, we simulated three scenarios of fish aggregating around a feature of interest with variations in the size and complexity of aggregations as well as their location relative to the habitat feature. Simulated and empirical data representing goliath grouper (Epinephalus itajara) spawning aggregations at artificial reefs were utilized as a case study, and scenarios were generated in relation to both a single habitat feature and a reef complex with multiple structures. Seven variations of survey design using both star and parallel transects were examined and compared by geostatistical and generalized additive models (GAMs) to identify the most robust approach to quantify fish aggregations in each scenario. In most scenarios, precision in the mean and variability of backscatter estimates is not significantly affected by the number of transects passing over the habitat feature as long as at least one pass is made. Estimation error is minimized using the GAM approach, and is further reduced when sampling variance is high, which was better accomplished by parallel designs overall. These results will help inform surveyors on the best overall approach to improve precision in quantifying fish aggregations given basic knowledge of their behavior around an established habitat feature and help them to adapt their survey designs based on common difficulties in sampling these populations simulated below.


Such public administrative theories as the efficiency concept of modern public management spirits,new theory of public administration and the team advantages of organization theory provide theoretical basis for introducing the bidding mechanism into investigating and solving criminal cases.The interest and goal of both sides in the these biddings are the same.Bidders and the tender is subordinate to,rather than a side-by-side.While introducing bidding mechanism,such ideological concerns as the bidding mechanism will make the exercise of state public power become commercial acts of individuals and cause some bad conductions of law enforcement should be eliminated.We should properly position the value of the bidding mechanism in investigating and solving criminal cases and keep perfecting this mechanism through modifying the rules of bidding based on reality.


In this paper, the Weibull extension distribution parameters are estimated under a progressive type-II censoring scheme with random removal. The parameters of the model are estimated using the maximum likelihood method, maximum product spacing, and Bayesian estimation methods. In classical estimation (maximum likelihood method and maximum product spacing), we did use the Newton–Raphson algorithm. The Bayesian estimation is done using the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm based on the square error loss function. The proposed estimation methods are compared using Monte Carlo simulations under a progressive type-II censoring scheme. An empirical study using a real data set of transformer insulation and a simulation study is performed to validate the introduced methods of inference. Based on the result of our study, it can be concluded that the Bayesian method outperforms the maximum likelihood and maximum product-spacing methods for estimating the Weibull extension parameters under a progressive type-II censoring scheme in both simulation and empirical studies.


The first county along the Yellow river —Maduo County is the key region of the state natural protective source regions of Yangtse, Lancang and Yellow River. Supervising the Eco-environmental Change based on RS methods in the frangible and sensitive regions with high altitude will not only benefit the study of the natural law of frangible ecosystem in the cold and high altitude area, but also provide the operable and scientifically decision-making foundation for the local government. Based on two phases of the newest satellite image data (the 1990 and 2000) and field investigation, the eco-environmental evolution processes since 1980s were analyzed. Analyses and discussions were made aimed at the understanding of the trend and causes of eco-environmental changes in the regions over the last 20 years. The causes responsible for the eco-environmental changes in the regions were explored in accordance with the natural element including climate, frozen earth and hydrological change and human activity.


In order to investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) administration on activities of enzymes in rabbits,twelve lactating rabbits(7th day after parturition) were challenged by infusing LPS(150 μg/kg body weight) into the fourth mammary gland via the teat duct.At exactly 2 h before inoculation and 6,12,24,48,72 h after infusion LPS,the blood was taken to determine the activities of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),myeloperoxidase(MPO),N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminase(NAG) and lactoperoxidase(LP) in serum.At the same time,pathological lesions of mammary gland tissue were observed.The results showed that the activity of LDH,MPO,LP and NAG significantly increased within 6-72 h(P0.05) after infusion LPS via teat canal.Histopatholgic examination results revealed that mammary gland had pathological lesions after 6h infusion LPS,but alveolar structures were still discernible,numbers of polymorphonuclears(PMNs) were present in alveoli.The mammary gland had more severe pathological lesion at 24 h after infusion,the normal alveolar structures were lost and infiltrated with numerous PMNs.Mammary gland tissue lesions regenerated after 72 h,returning to normal at 7 d.The LDH activity showed the maximum sensitivity to acute bovine mastitis which induced by LPS.The dynamic change of LDH activity was closely related to the mammary tissue damage.These results indicated that LDH could be as candidate indicator to detect the inflammation degree of mammary gland and earlier diagnosis of mastitis.


AbstractA stability-indicating reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method without the use of a counterion has been developed to quantify ranitidine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The method is accurate and precise with a percent relative standard deviation of 1.5 based on 5 injections. The extraction procedure for ranitidine from tablets is very simple and there was no interference from the excipients present. Ranitidine appears to be stable to heat on the acidic side and very susceptible to decomposition on the basic side. It lost 84.4% of potency on 20 minute boiling with sodium hydroxide with a new peak in the chromatogram. It lost 37.8% of the potency on treatment with hydrogen peroxide solution for 20 minutes at room temperature with 2 new peaks in the chromatogram.


Purpose . To develop guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability of Chaenomeles cultivars. Results . Species of the genus Chaenomeles are valued as ornamental, fruit and medicinal plants. Plant Variety Database (PLUTO) includes ornamental and fruit Japanese quince varieties registered in the European Union, China, Latvia, the Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Ukraine and Japan. Neither CPVO protocols nor UPOV guidelines have been developed for Chaenomeles , but in the European Union, China, Russia and Ukraine the four national guidelines for the DUS-testing of Japanese quince varieties were published in 2003–2016. Each of them takes into account, respectively, 46, 31, 51, and 31 traits. They differ in the selection of characteristics which should always be examined for DUS and for grouping of varieties. Both flower and fruit characteristics of are the main for distinguishing Japanese quince varieties, which is facilitated by strong variability in the coloration of petals and fruits, the fruit shape and fruit weight, etc. Existing guidelines differ meaningfully in the description of these and other characteristics. Several different approaches to filling and improving the guidelines have been proposed according to the basis of Chaenomeles cultivars and species collection study and own breeding experience. Conclusions . The new guidelines contain 42 appropriate characteristics of plant morphology, shoots, thorns, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds as well as phenology and can be used for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability of all Chaenomeles cultivars.


The popularization of virtual reality technology has become a brand-new carrier of knowledge and information dissemination and a new tool for art creation and design teaching in Colleges and universities. In this paper, first of all, from the three aspects of the definition and characteristics of virtual reality technology, the integration of virtual reality technology into art design teaching, and the significance of using virtual reality technology in art design teaching, the reform of art creation and design teaching in Colleges and Universities under virtual reality technology is discussed. In order to carry out the application research, this paper then chooses to carry on the simulation modeling teaching of the bamboo forest in the intelligent virtual reality environment, making full use of the intelligent modeling tools, rendering tools and mapping tools to complete the teaching application examples of the art modeling design in Colleges and universities. In the specific teaching of art creation and design in Colleges and universities, the creation and design modeling of individual bamboos, the creation and design modeling of bamboos forest, and the creation and design modeling of different lighting effects and scene rendering are carried out respectively. Finally, from the advantages of intelligent virtual reality technology in art creation and design of colleges and universities, the expansion and promotion of teaching resources, and the synergistic effect of teaching results, we analyze the strategies of art creation and design teaching in Colleges and Universities under the background of intelligent virtual reality technology in detail.


To the Editor, Trachyonychia, also known as 20-nail dystrophy or rough nails, is characterized by surface roughness and opacity of the nail due to extensive longitudinal ridging [1–3] . The condition may be idiopathic or associated with eczema, lichen planus, psoriasis, or alopecia areata [1–3] . Although spontaneous resolution can be expected in trachyonychia, aggressive treatments are necessary in severe cases [1–3] . Here, we report a case of spongiotic trachyonychia successfully treated with topical corticosteroids using the paper tape occlusion method. A 45-year-old man presented with dystrophic changes of all fingernails and toenails that had started 2 years earlier. He was otherwise healthy and had no medical history of significant skin diseases, including psoriasis, lichen planus, or alopecia areata. Careful examination revealed surface roughness, extensive ridging, and opaque thickening of the nails ( fig. 1 ). Moreover, the proximal nail folds, where he had been complaining of severe


In this paper, orange peel fiber, metal-organic backbone and polyvinyl alcohol were blended by simple heating and cyclic freeze-thaw method to obtain fiber/MOF/PVA hydrogel. The effects of adding natural orange peel fiber and MOF on the mechanical and electrical conductivity of PVA hydrogels were investigated. The results showed that the rigidity of the composite hydrogel after adding natural orange peel fiber without cross-linking agent increased with the addition of natural orange peel fiber, and the internal pore structure of MOF-PVA composite hydrogel was more abundant with the increase of natural orange peel fiber, forming a honeycomb-like porous material. Therefore, the composite addition of natural orange peel fibers can effectively improve the mechanical properties and pore structure of PVA gels to achieve the enhancement effect.


The University of Illinois is fortunate to have a wide variety of computer resources. The academic computer center at the Urbana-Champaign campus offers an IBM 360/75 with over 3 M bytes of core, many RJE stations and a recently installed dual CPU DEC-System-10 to provide the campus with time-sharing. The DEC-10 is interfaced locally to the 360/75 to permit users to edit files on the DEC-10, submit Jobs to the 360/75 and receive results via the DEC-10. The 360/75 is also linked (via 9600 baud lines) to computers at the University's two Chicago campuses, a 370/158 at Chicago Circle and a 370/155 at the Mecial Center. These computers provide general computing service support to the University's programs of instruction and research (i.e. separate computing facilities are used for administrative data processing).
 Also there are several dedicated computer facilities at Urbana-Champaign, the largest University of Illinois campus. Certainly the most well-known is PLATO which is a CDC Cyber-73 dual CPU system dedicated to computer-aided instruction. Capable of handling hundreds of on-line students or course writers, the network of plasma panel PLATO terminals are installed throughout the world. Of course the largest concentration is in Urbana-Champaign, where many college courses are given entirely by PLATO.


Since 1956 when Schoniger2 first introduced the micro-determination of halogens and sulphur in organic substances, many different systems of oxygen flask combustion have been proposed in the literature,37 some of which have become routine analytical methods. The most important advantage of combustion methods is the provision of uniform and favourable measuring conditions for a variety of specimens in biological and chemical studies involving Carbon-14 or Hydrogen-3. However, there are some obvious disadvantages of oxygen flask combustion methods. For each sample preparation, a combustion flask, a pipette (to take an aliquote of solution for counting) and a combustion head are needed. Several sets of these devices must be on hand for practical work. The equipment involved is therefore elaborate, sample treatment as well as cleaning is time-consuming and throughput is not adequate for preparing large numbers of samples. To overcome these drawbacks we modified Gupta's 'in vial' combustion method 7 with respect to the manual handling of large numbers of samples. The result was the development of the 'Micro-Mat' system, a device for the semi-automatic combustion of organic material. This paper will attempt to show that the method yields good results under a variety of conditions and can be applied to many different investigations involving Carbon-14 or tritium.


Alkynes, alkenes and thiophenes are found to behave as a directing group for C–H bond activation by a transition-metal catalyst. This collaborative interaction led to discovery of not only simple intramolecular cyclizations but also carbon-carbon bond formation or annulation reactions with other reactants involving such unsaturated bond-directing groups. This highlight review discusses the recent progress in this sort of novel synthetic tools.


OJ 287 is a well studied binary black hole system, that occasionally exhibits bright X-ray and optical flares. Here we present a detailed spectral study of its second brightest X-ray flare observed during 2019-2020. Various X-ray instruments were used to capture this historic moment by various PIs program (Komossa et al. 2016). In this paper we reanalysed the Swift-XRT and UVOT observations. The entire period is divided into three states, defined as low, intermediate, and high state. The variation of hardness ratio (HR) with 0.3-10.0 keV integrated flux suggest a "softerwhen-brighter" behavior, as also reported by Komossa et al. (2020a) based on flux-index variations. We proposed a Target of Opportunity (ToO) observation using AstroSat during the flaring period as it was reported in many ATels. We have also used the archival data from other X-ray instruments (e.g. Swift -XRT, and NuSTAR ) Simultaneous X-ray spectra observed by various instruments during high states is very steep (Komossa et al. 2020a), using AstrosatSXT and LAXPC we also concluded the same. A significant spectral change is observed in Astrosat-SXT and LAXPC spectrum which is consistent with Swift-XRT and Nustar spectrum reported by Komossa et al. (2020a). Together, optical-UV and X-ray spectrum during the high flux state, suggesting the emergence of a new HBL component. We have modeled the synchrotron peak with publicly available code GAMERA for low, intermediate, and high state. Modeling suggest the need of high magnetic field to explain the high state under the leptonic scenarios. A increase in the magnetic field value inside the jet could be linked to the increase in accretion rate as expected in the BH-disk impact scenario. The color-magnitude diagram reveals a "bluer-when-brighter" chromatism during the flaring period. Different chromatism or no chromatism at various occasions suggests a complex origin of optical emission, which is believed to be produced by disc impact or through synchrotron emission in the jet.


Eight new functionalized, polymerizable phosphonium ionic liquids were prepared and applied as polymeric stationary phases in gas chromatography (GC). These coated GC columns exhibit high thermal stability compared to other ionic liquids (220–380 °C), and column efficiencies between 2700 and 3700 plates per m. The new columns have been characterized using the Abraham model in order to understand the effects of the polymeric cations and anions on the behavior of the system. These stationary phases show unique selectivity for several types of organic compounds such as alcohols, amines, pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with good peak symmetries in some cases. Moreover, graphene oxide (GO) sheets have been covalently bonded onto the inner wall surface of fused silica capillary columns using 3-aminopropyl-diethoxymethylsilane (3-AMDS) as a cross-linking agent. The use of GO in the preparation of the capillary columns enhances their efficiency, improving peak symmetries because of the reduction of the unspecific absorption.


The purpose of this article is to estimate the role and importance of modernization in the forming of strategic priorities for the region. The author made an analysis and evaluation of the modernization level achieved in the region and systematized existing approaches to the scenario plan of its further modernization. It was concluded that modernization processes leading to the development and efficient usage of human capital are indispensible for both the region and Russia in general.


This paper proves"Law of Ma "from theory and experiments.At the same time,it points out that"shrinking speed V r"or "red movement of galaxies"has nothing to do with "the distance between galaxies".In terms of this meaning,Law of Hubble is wrong.


The mining industry has had a significant role to play in addressing socio-economic development (SED) issues, such as the high levels of poverty, illiteracy and unemployment. For South Africa to be able to eradicate poverty and illiteracy, a collaborative partnership between the government, the mining industry and local mining communities is critical. The Minister of Mineral Resources, Shabangu (2012), has encouraged the mining industry to ensure that corporate social responsibility (CSR) investments make a significant impact on the communities in which the mining companies operate and to stop making CSR a mere exercise in ticking off a scorecard. The Mining Charter states that the mining industry must promote employment and advance social and economic welfare of mining community and the major sending areas. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of the Impala Platinum (Implats) CSR programme, Marula Chrome Project, on the Marula community. The challenges that Implats and the Marula community experienced during the implementation of the project were explored. If the project was to be successful, the key success factors had to be identified. The Marula Chrome Project was commissioned in 2010. The Project created 69 job opportunities during its construction period, and 35 permanent jobs after its completion. A number of SED issues were addressed by the project through skills development and training. The community leaders attended an intensive business principles course, covering the basic principles of mining, business skills and corporate governance. The employees of the project also were empowered with relevant operational and management skills. The project had, by the time of the report, paid out dividends to the value of R20 million to the communities. Two community halls had been built with the amount of R4 million. The dividends were distributed to the six Marula communities, who spent the money obtained in this way for addressing such SED problems as infrastructure, education and enterprise development. This project is one of the few examples of CSR initiatives in South Africa. The researcher hopes that other local mining communities can learn what made this project successful. The findings of the projects show that the community and Implats have managed the challenges faced during the project and have focused on the important issues. Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za


Mutation of ABO glycosyltransferase (GT) can cause protein stability changes that can result in a weak ABO phenotype. To explain the Bw phenotype of a novel ABO*Bw allele, a protein stability of the mutant GT, which enhances the information of the three‐dimensional (3D) structural analysis, was calculated.


The problem of constructing optimal curves for given set of data at discrete data points is considered. Both equally-spaced and non equally-spaced data points are treated. The curves are constituted by using B-splines回 basisfunctions, namely as weighted sum of shifted B-splines of degree k. It is then shown that an optimal approximation can be solved without any boundary conditions, wherein explicit solution formulas are presented. A problem of optimal interpolation is also considered in parallel. Some numerical examples are included to demonstrate the usefulness of the results.


Measurements have been made by determining the force necessary to break the liquid film between the edge of a suspended metal ring and the liquid surface. The results obtained are about 13% larger than those given by Allen and Misener (1938), and the variation of the surface tension, γ, with temperature T fits quite well the equation γ = 0.600 (1 − T/Tc)1.04 dyne cm−1, where Tc is the critical temperature. Comparison with other liquids has been made following de Boer's formulation of the law of corresponding states, and the reduced equation γ = (γ0*/Tc*n) (Tc* − T*)n describes the results, (γ0*/Tc*n) and n being functions of the quantum parameter Λ*; the classical limit of (γ0*/Tc*n) is found by extrapolation to be 2.2.


Pierre Swiggers : « Synchrony, diachrony, and pragmatics : from a dichotomy of language to structure within language » The first part of this study is devoted to an analysis of the theoretical and empirical relationships between diachrony and pragmatics. This analysis is followed by an investigation into the attitude of linguists — Saussure, his predecessors and his followers — with respect to synchrony and diachrony, and with respect to the place that can be assigned to pragmatics. This investigation paves the way for a comprehensive study of the possibilities of interaction between diachrony and pragmatics ; for this purpose it is necessary to present a systematic overview of pragmatics and to point to the areas of contact with a diachronic vantage point. Finally, the general problem of the relationship between pragmatics and diachrony is dealt with from a theoretical point of view : it is here that we face the problem of grammatical description in its relation to the history of speech (and of speaking), and this allows us to appreciate the vistas opened by the integration of pragmatics within diachrony.


Since there have been at least ten other books on bleeding and coagulation disorders published in the 60's, one might well ask, "Why another?" Several answers are forthcoming: (1) Some facets of specific therapy, such as the use of cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factor in classic hemophilia, the use of heparin in defibrination syndromes, and the use of epsilon aminocaproic acid in primary systemic fibrinolysis, are sufficiently recent in development that modern usage of these agents is not adequately described in other volumes. (2) Practical details of nonspecific management are often given short shrift. (3) Books of this nature generally give strong emphasis to details of laboratory methodology; there is need for a concise guide to the clinician who sees occasional patients with bleeding and coagulation disorders but who does not have access to a sophisticated coagulation laboratory. (4) Some volumes focus on a particular category of bleeding disorder rather than encompassing


Clinicians and measurement experts often debate the merits of psychometric vs. clinical approaches to diagnostic procedures. Both methods are illustrated emphasizing the Frostig Developmental Test of Visual Perception (DTVP). Insights obtained from observations of the testing situation by teachers, skilled observers, and clinicians are presented. The merits and limitations of each approach are discussed.


The Abu Gharadig Basin is well established as a prolific hydrocarbon bearing province of the Western Desert, Egypt. However, the oil and gas fields discovered so far are moderate to small in site and are trappel in a complex stratigraphic and structural setting. Postulated hydrocarbon generation models indicate that significantly more hydrocarbons (up to 3 billion bbls) have been generated in this basis and have migrated into the available traps. However, the relatively remote location of this area requires careful economic considerapons before commitment to any potential development. Therefore, better means of trap definition is highly desirable .


Background: In areas of pulmonary embolism (PE), the enhancement of pulmonary veins on computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) should be decreased due to reduced arterial perfusion. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of contrast density measurements (differences) in all pulmonary veins and the left atrium for the prediction of PE. Materials and Methods: 75 patients with PE and 22 patients without PE on CTPA were included. 4 readers measured the enhancement of the blood in the pulmonary vein immediately before the entrance to the left atrium, right after the aperture, in the center of the left atrium, in the pulmonary trunk and in the aorta. Enhancement of the pulmonary veins with and without upstream PE, and ROC curves with HU thresholds for optimal sensitivity and specificity for PE were calculated. Results: More PEs were found in the right and lower lobes. PE-affected lobes demonstrated 13.8+/-45 HU less enhancement in the pulmonary vein, compared to a paired non-affected pulmonary vein of the same patient (P < 0.0001). On average, non-affected pulmonary veins demonstrated no difference in enhancement compared to each other: 0.2 +/-21 HU. The optimal cutoff level in the ROC curve analysis for PE affection proved to be decreasing enhancement in the pulmonary vein of more than 10 HU, compared to the atrium. Conclusion: Decreasing enhancement in the pulmonary vein of more than 10 HU compared to the atrium could provide additional information and confidence in the diagnosis of PE.


The origin of the matter in the Universe has been an important issue in particle physics and astrophysics. The baryon asymmetry of the universe (BAU) is measured by the ratio of baryon number density and entropy density nB/s, which must be (0.37− 0.88)× 10−10 for successful nucleosynthesis. In order to produce this BAU, the model of particle physics must satisfy the three conditions proposed by Sakharov[1], and several scenarios satisfying them have been considered. Among them, the GUT-baryogenesis is the first that is based on a field-theoretical model[2]. After that, the anomalous (B+L)-nonconservation induced by the chiral anomaly in the electroweak theory was found not to be suppressed at high temperatures. In the broken phase of the electroweak gauge symmetry, the (B + L)changing rate is governed by the classical saddle-point configuration called "sphaleron" at finite temperatures. Even in the symmetric phase, where there is no sphaleron solution, we refer to the (B + L)-changing process as sphaleron process. The discovery of the sphaleron opened new possibilities of baryogenesis. Once the universe experiences chemical equilibrium of the (B +L)-changing processes, the remnant B and L are proportional to the primordial B−L. This implies that nonzero lepton number L, which may be produced by the L-violating decay of heavy neutrinos, is converted to B = −L in the period of sphaleron equilibrium. The idea of electroweak baryogenesis is to produce B + L just before the sphaleron process decouples when nonequilibrium state is realized by the first-order electroweak phase transition (EWPT). It is an fascinating scenario in that it is based on physics which can be tested in near future. In my talk, I review the scenario of electroweak baryogenesis, focusing on the sphaleron process and constraints obtained by requiring that the baryon number is left over. Since I could not present all the equations and figures in the talk within this brief report, please refer to the file placed on the web page


The role of Russian geologists N.N. Tikhonovich and P.I. Polevoy in conducting Field on Sakhalin island geomor-phological studies the first of its kind in the Russian Far East.


This paper briefly presents that the dynamic data exchange between VB and Authorware can be realized by using DLL technigue. The method will be able to develop large-scale multimedia courseware.


Proteinases, their inhibitors, and receptors are multifactorial proteins, several of which function as growth factors, adherence factors, mobility factors or chemoattractants, in addition to their classical proteolytic function. In recent years, they have become novel and attractive targets for therapy and/or prognosis in patients afflicted with cancer, atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration, inflammation and defects in the blood clotting system. About 450 proteinases are known today, although more than 700 are expected to exist, estimated on the analyses of over 30 complete genomes of pro- and eukaryotic organisms. A small percentage (2%) of their genes can be assigned to protein families that contain proteinases. Among other topics in several sessions, the structure-function relationship of proteinases and their inhibitors was discussed. Synthetic small-weight proteinase inhibitors are undergoing preclinical and clinical cancer testing; promising results were reported on the diagnostic and prognostic potential of serine proteinases and their inhibitors in cancer. Thus, proteinases are promising targets for cancer therapy.


Freezing technologies play an important role in modern food processing and water crystallization process is the key step determining the freezing process.In this paper,several emerging techniques are introduced to improve the crystallization of water during freezing,including high-pressure freezing,ultrasound assisted freezing,osmotic dehydrofreezing,antifreeze proteins,ice-nucleation active proteins and other new technologies.Moreover,the mechanism of novel methods affecting ice crystals is explained to understand,predict and control the crystallization process,thus improving the freezing process and the quality of the frozen product.


The carotid body of the mouse was studied under the electron microscope. The chief cell contained numerous specific dense granules, 80-90mμ in diameter, resembling catecholamine-containing granules of the adrenal medullary cells.Characteristic small cored vesicles about 30-40mμ in diameter were found within the cytoplasm of the chief cell. These vesicles aggregated particularly in the region where the nerve terminals were in apposition. Assemblages of small cored vesicles and desmosome-like structures between the chief cell and the nerve terminal were comparable to synaptic complexes described in the central nervous system. On the basis of the localization of the small cored vesicles these synaptic complexes were apparently afferent.If the chief cell of the mouse carotid body is really a chemoreceptor as is thought by physiologists, it is highly probable that the synaptic complexes described in this paper correspond to the site of sensory transmission.


"Investigation of the Performance of SAC and SACBi Lead-Free Solder Alloys with OSP and Immersion Silver PCB Finishes," SMTA International Conference Proceedings. Held in Chicago, IL: 25-29 September 2005


Abstract. Two experiments were conducted in which glass eels, Anguilla anguilla L., were fed with six different diets. Two natural diets, cod roe and minced bovine spleen, and four artificial diets, an unflavoured trout fry crumble and three trout fry crumble diets with added feeding stimulants, were used. The feeding stimulants tested were cod roe extract, spleen extract and a mixture of synthetic L-amino acids. In the first experiment the glass eels were fed at a restricted feeding level and in the second experiment at an ad libitum feeding level. The intake of metabolizable energy (ME) was determined as the sum of retained energy and heat production. Metabolizability of the diets decreased with increasing feeding level and was 75-95% for cod roe, 35-50% for spleen and 40-60% for the artificial diets. Since utilization of ME for maintenance and growth was not affected by feeding level and diet, differences in growth rates could be explained by differences in ME intake. Group ME intake in turn was determined by the fraction of the fish which were actually eating. The uniform feeding response of the glass eels fed the natural diets resulted in the highest ad libitum ME intake (80-90 kJ/kg0.8/day) and growth rate (4-4-4-9g/kg0.8/day). Addition of feeding stimulants significantly increased the ad libitum ME intake of the artificial diets from 45 kJ/kg0.8/day to 50-60 kJ/kg0.8/day, which resulted in an increase in growth rate from 1·3 g/kg0.8/day to 24 g/kg0.8/day.


This invention provides a metallic (metal-to-metal contact) bearing. This metallic bearing has a bearing housing composed of a first material, and a ball composed of a second material held in the bearing housing, and has an interface including two bearing surfaces between the bearing housing and the ball. One of the first material and the second material is formed of a titanium alloy having a diffusion area in the surface vicinity stuck with a coating of titanium nitride for providing one of the bearing surface.


confined their attention to the apparatus of law and government which the colonial regime created and which an independent Tanganyika has inherited, with scarcely so much as a reference to the indigenous society upon which it was imposed and of which Tanganyika of today is as least as much the heir as she is of the colonial regime. In the first part of the book this defect is not so serious, though we should have liked to know something of the existing order of society which the colonial administration overlay and of the indigenous authorities through which it operated. Much more serious is the omission in Part II of any account of the part played by customary law in present-day Tanganyika. Reference, it is true, is made in the general chapter on the laws to the existence of customary law, but no attempt is made to indicate its nature or scope whilst, as an operative body of law, its content is thereafter completely ignored. In the chapters dealing with the law on the various topics, the law of English origin, whether that of England itself or the local statutes, alone is described. When dealing with matters such as industrial and social service legislation, this is, of course, the only law to be considered; it might, moreover, be excusable when dealing with torts and contract to confine one's attention to the English law; but when purporting to describe the law of domestic relations and of land it is not only unrealistic, but completely misleading, to confine a statement of the law to ordinances and statutes on the subject. The chapter on domestic relations which outlines the territorial law on marriage, matrimonial causes, adoption and affiliation gives no indication that, in fact, the vast majority of the population will be little concerned with most of this law and, whether or not they undergo a marriage under the Marriage Ordinance, their matrimonial relations will be governed by customary law and their rights and obligations will arise from the customary marriage contract, the nature of which the chapter does not so much as allude to. Similarly, for the vast majority of Tanganyika citizens, the legislation, such as the Land Registration Ordinance, which is described in the chapter on land will have no significance since they hold their land according to the laws of customary land tenure, which are dismissed by the authors in two footnotes referring the reader to other publications.


In 1794, the young Emperor Francis II visited the Austrian or Southern Netherlands. Although he was only the second ruler in one and a half centuries to do so, his stay in the westernmost part of the Habsburg Monarchy has almost completely passed unnoticed by historians. Francis' visit took place in turbulent international and internal circumstances. Austria was waging war against France that had conquered the Netherlands a first time in 1792/93 and launched a new offensive in 1794. Internally, agitated public opinion in the wake of the Brabant Revolution alarmed the Brussels government, and the provincial estates only very reluctantly contributed financially to Austria's war efforts. In the first place this article focuses on the debates about whether or not this imperial visit was appropriate. Secondly, it examines the ways in which the emperor tried to influence public opinion. Lastly, it analyses the circumstances that led to Francis' speedy journey back home. His return preceded the definitive implosion of the Austrian regime in the Southern Netherlands by some weeks only. Taken together, this article demonstrates that Francis' visit is revealing for Austria's diplomatic and military challenges as well as for the factions and opinions influencing – and hampering – decision making concerning the Netherlands. It is also a plea to fully integrate the second Austrian restoration in the Netherlands (1793/94) in analyses of the Brabant Revolution and its aftermath.


This document identifies the main opportunities for improvement related to the service and the cancellation of the products, which allowed generating a proposal for technological improvement for the service area, in order to retain customers, stopping their migration to other entities because of nonconformities related to the service.
This investigation is of descriptive type, which was based on the detailed observation of the service process, as well as on the information collected through surveys directed to clients, for the period between October 01, 2017 and March 31 of 2018.
Finally, a proposal for technological improvement is presented for the service area, to increase the levels of customer loyalty in EL BANCO, oriented to the use of current technological tools, which will provide more and better service alternatives suited to the needs of the clients, and that it offered wider options of online communication to the requirements of the clients with the entity.


In this study, quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) methodology employed for modeling of the retention times of 16 banned pesticides in nano-liquid chromatography (nano-LC) column. Genetic algorithm-multiple linear regression (GA-MLR) method employed for developing global and consensus QSRR models. The best global GA-MLR model was established by adjusting GA parameters. Three descriptors of SpMax2_Bhp, Mor31u and, MATS6c appeared in this model. Consensus QSRR models developed as an average consensus model (ACM) and weighted consensus model (WCM) by a combination of a subset of the GA-MLR models. Comparison of statistical parameters of developed models indicated that an ACM which is combining of the best global QSRR model with four-descriptor sub-model can be selected as the best consensus QSRR model. CrippenLogP, RDF070m, Lop, and HASA1 descriptors appeared in four-descriptor sub-model. In ACM, the square of correlation coefficients (R2) was 0.973 and 0.939, and the SE was 0.49 and 0.40, for the training and test sets, respectively. The ACM was assessed by leave one out cross-validation ("Q2 cv" = 0.935) as well as internal validation. Descriptors which appeared in this model suggest electrostatic, steric and hydrophobic interactions play the main role in the chromatographic retention of studied pesticides in nano-LC conditions.


The paper presents an analysis of the cloud sizes, velocity line widths, viral masses, and CO luminosities of 273 Galactic molecular clouds which utilizes the higher resolution Massachusetts-Stony Brook Galactic plane CO survey. It is shown that the molecular clouds are in or near viral equilibrium and are not confined by pressure equilibrium with a warm or hot phase of interstellar matter. Allowance is made for the mass-luminosity law in a cloud model consisting of a large number of optically thick clumps in viral equilibrium each with a thermal internal velocity dispersion; the clouds are optically thin at a fixed velocity along the line of sight. 32 references.


Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague (commonly known as ajwain) contains ingredients that attenuate menstrual problems, especially cramping. In this study, we evaluated the impact of ajwain on the pain intensity in a sample of Iranian female college students with primary dysmenorrhea (PD) in comparison to mefenamic acid (MFA). This study was an open-label, randomized, parallel-group clinical trial conducted in the university dormitories in Tehran, Iran, from September 2018 to May 2019. Seventy patients were randomly assigned to two groups of ajwain and MFA. The participants in the ajwain group were treated with a 500 mg ajwain capsule three times a day for seven days, from the 26th cycle day to the 3rd day of the menstrual cycle, for three consecutive cycle periods. The other group received MFA capsules with the first dose of 500 mg and then 250 mg every eight hours, if necessary, from the first day of the menstrual cycle. The two groups were compared in terms of the pain intensity by the visual analog scale (VAS) in pre-intervention cycle and three consecutive cycles during the study. Maximum pain intensity, mean pain, and duration of pain after the intervention were significantly reduced in both groups. The mean VAS score significantly decreased in the ajwain group compared to the MFA group post-intervention (p < 0.02). Moreover, passing blood clots was significantly reduced in the ajwain group (p < 0.03). The findings of this study suggest that ajwain may be effective in pain relief in PD without adverse effects.


Instant Messaging [IM] is an important way to communicate all over the world. MSN1 is the main IM software operated by Microsoft currently in more than 50 countries and QQ is the main IM software operated by TENCENT in China. Their performances are different in China. They have different target customers, different user base, and different functions of IM software. This paper focuses on the different ways for MSN and QQ to develop in China. It also explores why QQ success has happened so rapidly.


In this paper we propose a dilated convolutional model for music melody extraction. Taking variable-q transforms (VQTs) as inputs, it first uses consecutive layers of convolution to capture local temporal-frequency patterns, and then a single layer of dilated convolution to capture global frequency patterns contributed by the pitches and harmonics of active notes. Compared with the contrast model without dilation, the proposed model can remarkably cut down the computational cost, and at the same time does not compromise the performance. Its advantages over existing models are two fold. First, it performs best on most datasets, for both general and vocal melody extraction. Second, it can achieve the best performance with least training data.


Positron emission tomography is a technology that provides unique and
 exquisite possibilities in functional diagnostics, in the sense that it is
 the most efficient and most reliable method for obtaining information about
 biochemical activity and cellular metabolism in the body, by determining
 exact localization and performing semi-quantitative assessment of the
 distribution of a radioactive tracer. This paper compares the characteristics
 of recently introduced lutetium based crystals to those of conventionally
 used bismuth-ortho-germanate scintillators; both options are used as
 scintillation detectors within the positron emission tomography systems.
 Energy resolution and scintillation decay time of lutetium based crystals and
 bis-muth-ortho-germanate crystals was experimentally tested. Main
 scintillation detector parameters which affect the resulting detector
 response are considered and analyzed, since they serve as the basis for a
 positron emission tomography medical image. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke
 Republike Srbije, br. 171007]


In this paper, a new reconstruction filter banks for correction signal is posed in order to compensate for the gain, phase and clock jitter of the sampling channel in time-interleaved analog-to-digital converters. The new filter banks can be computed the mismatches of gain, phase and clock jitter of the sampling channel, and update the filter coefficients in order to achieve perfect signal reconstruction. Finally, a four channel 14-bit 5GHz time-interleaved is implemented. The simulation results show that the proposed filter banks can improve the dynamic range of the sampled signal to reach 80 dB.


Abstract Not Available – First paragraph follows:
Eucalyptus was promoted in the early 1900s as the "miracle tree" that would solve wood fiber supply problems in California. Early plantings were intended to be a primary source of lumber, railroad ties, and mining timbers. People began to sour on the purported "miracle tree" when it became evident that eucalyptusgrown in California is subject to excessive shrinkage and warping that prevent it from being used as planned.


The N-coupled symmetric rotor problem is solved exactly by using an infinite-dimensional algebra. A formalism for solving the corresponding Hamiltonian eigenvalue problem is also proposed. The system of equations that solves a special Hamiltonian eigenvalue problem is shown to yield coupling coefficients of the corresponding Lie algebra.


In this paper, we present a new medical image fusion algorithm based on nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) and spiking cortical model (SCM). The flexible multi-resolution, anisotropy, and directional expansion characteristics of NSCT are associated with global coupling and pulse synchronization features of SCM. Considering the human visual system characteristics, two different fusion rules are used to fuse the low and high frequency sub-bands respectively. Firstly, maximum selection rule (MSR) is used to fuse low frequency coefficients. Secondly, spatial frequency (SF) is applied to motivate SCM network rather than using coefficients value directly, and then the time matrix of SCM is set as criteria to select coefficients of high frequency subband. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is achieved by the comparison with existing fusion methods.


Joint venture is a main approach for organizational learning and knowledge acquiring used by companies in developing country.By using the management control and organizational learning theory of IJV,this paper finds how the strategic and operational control influence different kinds of knowledge acquiring of Chinese cooperate partner,suggests that learning ability and cooperation trust have moderate effect to management control and knowledge acquiring.This study testified that Chinese partner's operational control to the joint venture decrease its knowledge acquiring whatever the knowledge type is tacit or explicit.when Chinese partner hold equal equity with foreign one,the knowledge acquired by Chinese partner is higher than that holds more or less.Cooperation trust have moderate effect on the relationships between managing control and knowledge acquiring.


Resumen activation on rat heart chronotropy Efecto de la activación de los receptores alfa2-adrenérgicos sobre la cronotropía del corazón de rata Luiza Irekovna Khisamieva, Candidate of Biological Sciences, assistant lecturer, Department of Human Health, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, ID Scopus 52563696400, e-mail: email@example.com Kobzarev Roman Sergeevich, post-graduate student, Department of Human Health Protection, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, e-mail: email@example.com Miller Arnold Geinrikhovich, post-graduate student, Department of Human Health Protection, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Nafisa Ilgizovna Ziyatdinova, Ph.D. Biology, Professor, Department of Human Health Protection of the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, ID Scopus 6602571223, e-mail: email@example.com Timur Lvovich Zefirov, Ph.D. Biology, Professor, Department of Human Health Protection of the Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, ID Scopus 6701534991, e-mail: email@example.com Kazan Federal University Received/Recibido: 08/28/2020 Accepted/Aceptado: 09/15/2020 Published/Publicado: 11/09/2020 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4424550 A cardiovascular disease is a group of diseases of the heart and blood vessels. The most common cause of death in humans is associated precisely with cardiovascular diseases, and α2-adrenergic receptors (α2-AR) are known to be involved. α2-AR reduce the central sympathetic output and peripheral release of catecholamines and therefore, can prevent sympathetic hyperactivity and hypertension. Therefore, various agonists and antagonists of adrenergic receptors are widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in medicine, among them clonidine and ST-91. The objective was to compare the effects of clonidine and ST-91, selective agonists of α2-AR, on the cardiac activity in rats. Stimulation of α2-AR by ST-91 (0.01 mg/kg) causes a short-term negative chronotropic effect, while stimulation of α2-adrenergic receptors with clonidine (0.01 mg/kg) led to a negative chronotropic effect throughout the experiment. We hypothesize that the short-term effect of ST-91 on heart rate is associated with the activation of one of the three subtypes of α2-adrenergic receptors. Identification of the specific subtype due to which this effect was observed is part of future research.


We propose the implementation of a switch of particle statistics with an embedding quantum simulator. By encoding both Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics into an enlarged Hilbert space, the statistics of quantum particles may be changed in situ during the time evolution, from bosons to fermions and from fermions to bosons, as many times as desired. We illustrate our proposal with few-qubit examples, although the protocol is straightforwardly extendable to larger numbers of particles. This proposal can be implemented on different quantum platforms such as trapped ions, quantum photonics, and superconducting circuits, among others. The possibility to implement permutation symmetrization and antisymmetrization of quantum particles enhances the toolbox of quantum simulations, for unphysical operations as well as for symmetry transformations.


This article highlights the PACE Model for standards-based language learning. Using a Francophone story, the authors illustrate how the PACE Model can assist teachers to actualize the 1996 Standards for Foreign Language Learning. Suggestions on how to design story-based activities are shared, as well as critical strategies for negotiating the meaning of stories. The authors illustrate how to incorporate the three modes of communication and the goal areas of the Standards into the curriculum.


A helix S-type rotor with two blades and 180 degree helical angle was put forward.A three dimensional k-e model was applied to optimize the rotor configuration,from four key rotor shape factors,such as overlap ratio(G),diameter of endplates(D0),number of inner plates within buckets(N) and pitch(P).The results from the model show that the rotors get the best performances respectively when G =0.19,or P =6.0,or D0 is 1.1 times bigger than diameter of the rotor,or N =6.The maximum coefficient of rotor power reaches 0.21 with tip speed ratio 0.75 when G=0.19,P=6.0,D0/D=1.1 and N=6.Model results are agreed fairly well with the experimental results,this proves that the results got from model is credible.


Battle damage causing loss of control capability can compromise mission objectives and even result in aircraft loss. The Self Repairing Flight Control System (SRFCS) flight development program directly addresses this issue with a flight control system design that measures the damage and immediately refines the control system commands to preserve mission potential. The system diagnostics process detects in flight the type of faults that are difficult to isolate post flight, and thus cause excessive ground maintenance time and cost. The control systems of fighter aircraft have the control power and surface displacement to maneuver the aircraft in a very large flight envelope with a wide variation in airspeed and g maneuvering conditions, with surplus force capacity available from each control surface. Digital flight control processors are designed to include built-in status of the control system components, as well as sensor information on aircraft control maneuver commands and response. In the event of failure or loss of a control surface, the SRFCS utilizes this capability to reconfigure control commands to the remaining control surfaces, thus preserving maneuvering response. Correct post-flight repair is the key to low maintainability support costs and high aircraft mission readiness. The SRFCS utilizes the large data base available with digital flight control systems to diagnose faults. Built-in-test data and sensor data are used as inputs to an Onboard Expert System process to accurately identify failed components for post-flight maintenance action. This diagnostic technique has the advantage of functioning during flight, and so is especially useful in identifying intermittent faults that are present only during maneuver g loads or high hydraulic flow requirements. A flight system was developed to test the reconfiguration and onboard maintenance diagnostics concepts on a NASA F-15 fighter aircraft.


Large-scale industry investment in quality assurance and marketing campaigns for Australian lamb make both Meat Standards Australia (MSA) sheep meat and lamb advertising campaigns modern and plausible determinants of Australian consumer demand for lamb. Incorporating non-discretionary demand shift variables such as these into the General Almost Ideal Demand System (GAIDS) model may provide a suitable method to test for their impact on Australian lamb consumption patterns. This paper extends on a recent application of the GAIDS to Australian meat data by incorporating two alternative and novel methods of demand-shift index construction. It also proposes a semi-formalised approach to GAIDS model development and specification when dealing with underlying data quality issues.


Seat cushion length adjustment device (10), the support section (11), displaceably mounted on a support (11), adjustment member configured to be mounted on at least a portion of the seat cushion (12) comprises an actuator, the. The actuator is connected to the support portion (11) and the adjusting member (12). The actuator is configured to displace the adjusting member (12) with respect to the support portion (11). The actuator, the power drive unit (31), a reduction gear, a motion converting mechanism for converting a linear displacement between the adjusting member the rotational movement of the output means of the reduction gear (12) supporting part (11) (41) and, equipped with a.


ABSTRACT

LALA ROSMALA. "The Correlation Between Social Interaction at School With Learning Outcomes on On Economic Subjects High School Students In Jakarta 72 Nort". Thesis. The Education of Cooperation Economic. Economic and Administration Major. Faculty of Economic. State University of Jakarta. 2014. Lecturer advisor : Dra. Rd. Tuty Sariwulan, M.Si dan Dr. Saparuddin. SE, M.Si
This research was conducted at the State High School (SMAN) 72 in Nort Jakarta for 4 (four) months from September 2014 to Desember 2014 research method is a survey method with a correlation approach. The population in this study were all students of SMAN 72 Jakarta Social Sciences. Population inaccessibility is the class XI social science majors were 108 students. The sampling technique used is the census of as many as 108 student. Based on a simple linear regression model equations produce regression form Y = 2,99 + 0,541 X. Further analysis of test requirements is to test the normality of the error on the estimated regression of Y on X with Liliefors test, we concluded the estimated error of regression of Y on X is normally distributed. This is evidenced by calculations which show that L = 0,046 dan L = 0,085 . at the 0.05 significance level Lhitung F (3,99) which states that the mean regression, and regression test that produces linearity of F (0,753) t table it can be concluded that there is a positive relationship between Social Interaction at School with learning outcomes on economic subjects high school students in Jakarta 72 Nort. Test the coefficient of determination produce rxy2 = 0.3910. It shows 39.10% variance of variable Y is determined by the variable X.

Keywords : Learning Outcomes, Social Interaction


Objective The objective of this systematic review is to examine the efficacy of beta amyloid immunization in reducing amyloid plaques and preserving cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Study Design Review of three English language randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials from 2005-2009. Data Sources Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials comparing active immunization with aggregated human β-amyloid AN1792 and QS-21 (an adjuvant) to placebo were found using the Cochrane Database of Randomized Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Ovid MEDLINE. Outcome(s) Measured Cognitive function compared to baseline as measured using three cognitive tests: the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale Cognitive Sub-scale (ADAS-Cog), which is measured on a scale from 0-70 in which a higher score indicates greater impairment; the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), which is measured on a scale from 0-30 and in which a lower score indicates greater impairment; and a Neuropsychological Test Battery (NTB) that consisted of nine components with varying scores. Results The Bayer trial (phase Ib) showed a positive antibody response to AN1792, but the ADAS-Cogs scores increased and MMSE scores decreased in both the active and control groups during the study, indicating a decline in cognition. The Bayer trial did not utilize the NTB. The Gilman trial (phase IIa) showed no significant difference in cognitive function between the active and control groups using the ADAS-Cog and MMSE, but the NTB showed cognitive improvement compared with the placebo group and a small improvement from baseline when measured at month 12. However, the Gilman trial ended prematurely after 6% of the patients (18/300) developed aseptic meningoencephalitis. The cohort study of the phase IIa trial (Vellas) was conducted 4.6 years after immunization with AN1792, and showed no significant change from baseline or differences between antibody responders and placebo group using the ADAS-Cog, MMSE, and NTB scores. Conclusions This therapy does not appear to maintain nor enhance long-term cognitive function in patients with AD.


The objective of this dissertation was to examine T cell and macrophage responses during natural and experimental disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. In the initial experiment euthymic BALB/c and athvmic nude BALB/c mice were infected with M. a. paratuberculosis. Five months post-inoculation, euthymic mice differed from athvmic mice in that ( 1 ) their hepatic granulomas were smaller, contained fewer bacteria, and produced more inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). and (2) their hepatic macrophages contained fewer bacteria, a higher percentage of degraded bacteria, and increased numbers of primary lysosomes. The study showed that macrophage activation was markedly decreased in the T-celi deficient athvmic mice. In the second study, calves from M a. paratuberculosis infected cows and calves from non-infected cows were inoculated with M. a. paratuberculosis or saline. The calves were monitored for evidence of exposure to M. a. paratuberculosis for 7 months by IFN-y assays, skin testing, serology, and fecal culture. Calves from dams subclinical^ infected with M. a. paratuberculosis had significantly higher IFN-y responses to mycobacterial antigens, prior to inoculation on day 1. and cumulatively throughout the experiment than calves from non-infected dams. All of the calves (2) from infected dams and inoculated with M. a. paratuberculosis had positive skin test responses and M. a. paratuberculosis isolated from tissues at the end of the experiment. This study showed that maternal infection resulted in an increase in IFN-y production to mycobacterial antigens by their calves. The final study examined the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural pathology of the ileum in bovine Johne's disease and quantified CD3 lymphocytes. CD4 lymphocytes. CDS lymphocytes. yS lymphocytes. CD79 lymphocytes. CD68 cells. iNOS and mycobacterial immunoreactivity. Cows with Johne's disease had increased immunoreactivity in epithelial areas for CD3 and yo antigen, while in the lamina propria there was increased immunoreactivity for CD68 and mycobacterial antigen as compared to control cows. Inducible nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity occurred only in the


Three stem borers attack rice in the Texas Rice Belt (TRB). The sugarcane borer (SCB), Diatraea saccharalis, and Mexican rice borer (MRB), Eoreuma loftini, are the most abundant in the southern portion of the TRB. The MRB was introduced into the TRB in the late 1980's and has gradually moved north. This pest now causes serious damage in Calhoun, Matagorda and Jackson Counties. Information is needed to determine the relative susceptibility of commercial varieties and soon-to-be released lines to the stem borer complex.


A series of Ba 1- x Sr x Ti 1- y Zr y O 3 (0≤ x ≤0.5, 0≤ y ≤0.4) and Ba 1- x Sr x Ti 1- y Sn y O 3 (0≤ x ≤0.3, 0≤ y ≤0.3) solid solutions were synthesized by low-temperature/low-pressure hydrothermal method below 170℃, 0.8 MPa. XRD pattern and cell parameters-composition figures of these prepared powders demonstrated that they are completely miscible solid solutions based on BaTiO 3 . Furthermore, TEM showed that they have a shape of uniform, substantially spherical particles with an average particle size of 70 nm in diameter. The sintered ceramics of those powders doped by Sr 2+ and Zr 4+ or Zn 2+ and Sn 4+ have dielectric constant twelve times higher than and dielectric loss 1/6 those of pure BaTiO 3 phase at room temperature.


An implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is effective in preventing sudden cardiac death (SCD). Once an ICD is removed and reimplantation is not feasible, a wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) may be an alternative option. We determined the effectiveness of WCD for SCD prevention in patients who were discharged after ICD removal.


Harrat Al Fatih is located southwest of Ablah area, Assir terrain, southwestern Arabian Shield. It is present as black laterally extended horizontal basaltic sheet just overlying folded strata of the volcano-sedimentary succession of Ablah Formation (green mudstones, dolostones and green and red volcaniclastic red beds). These basalts are rift-related and represent part of the Oligo-Miocene basic volcanics of the western part of Saudi Arabia. The detailed field and microscopic description of these basalts enable the author to classify it into two main types: 1) Grey tuffaceous glassy basalts that present overlying the Ablah Formation. This basalt type is generally soft, bedded and intercalated with grey, green and red tuffaceous mudstones. Microscopically it composed of minute lath-like plagioclase and pyroxene crystals embedded in glassy groundmass. 2) Black olivine-rich basalts which are present in the topmost part of harrat Al Fatih are generally black, hard and contain remarkable reddish brown oxidized olivine spots and some calcite and amorphous quartz domains. Under the microscope, this basalt type is microcrystalline and composed mainly of lamellar twined Ca-plagioclase and colored olivines and pyroxenes. The olivines show different stages of oxidation and formation of amorphous blood red iron-oxyhydroxides and black hematite. The present study revealed the formation of the grey basalts at the initial stages of the volcanic eruption in ephemeral lakes and the second type of basalt was during the consolidation of proper basic magmas at the final stages of the volcanic eruption.