Alfalfa plants were grown in the greenhouse and harvested by three systems: (1) as one hay crop, (2) as two hay crops, and (3) as a hay crop followed by two pasture cuts. The cutting systems were arranged factorially with three levels of potassium fertilization: no potassium, 200 lb K per acre, and 300 lb K per acre. After hardening and freezing in an environmental control chamber, plants which were harvested only once had the best recovery, the most etiolated regrowth, and the highest percent of total available carbohydrates (TAG) in the roots. Plants harvested only once also had the largest root weight but the lowest yield of harvested herbage. One crop harvested at early bloom followed by two pasture cuts produced the second highest herbage yield, the lowest root yield, the lowest percentage of total available carbohydrates in roots, the highest percent K and P in the tissue, the lowest yield of etiolated regrowth, and the poorest recovery after freezing.Plants which received 200 and 300 lb K per acre ...


Laboratory technicians, metrologists, and managers need to be able to efficiently manage a laboratory renovation process from beginning to end. It must include everything from the design of the project to successfully commissioning the newly remodeled facility. This paper will focus on mistakes, lessons learned, solutions to problems, and best practices as a high level overview of the Alaska weights and measures laboratory renovation project completed in 2014.Consideration will be given to some key areas including: suggestions for documenting the process, suggested methods for evaluating success, ideas for a successful commissioning of the newly remodeled facility, safe handling and storage of the standards, equipment, and records. It will provide examples of laboratory client/customer notification, possible financial impacts, and integration of new equipment. Methods used for evaluating measurement agreement from before/after renovations will be presented. The session will also include general audience participation and discussions.


How cosmology has been dramatically changed by a telescope born and bred at Caltech and stationed at the literal end of the earth.


Tunnelling spectroscopy has been performed on W-doped VO2 single crystal near the metal–insulator transition temperature. A remarkable change was observed in the electronic density of states of the conduction band just below the transition temperature. Based on the observed results, a model is proposed for the onset of the metal–insulator transition in VO2 in relation to the band diagram by the local density approximation plus Hubbard U calculation. The tunnelling energy gap observed was in good agreement with band calculations and optical measurements near the transition temperature.


ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) expression in mitochondria and neuronal cell apoptosis after lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced injury.MethodsThe effect of drug administration on PC12 cells was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Hoechst 33342 staining. The morphology and function of mitochondria were investigated with electron microscopy and rhodamine 123, respectively. The activity of adenine nucleotide translocase 1 (ANT1), lipid peroxide, and antiperoxidase enzymes was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Relative expression levels of NF-κB were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting.ResultsPyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, an NF-κB inhibitor) and nerve growth factor (NGF) not only reduced apoptosis but also had a protective effect on mitochondrial structure and function in a PC12 cell LPS damage model. The subcellular distribution of NF-κB demonstrated that NGF, diterpene acid atractyloside (ATR, an ANT1 antagonist), and PDTC alleviated increases in mitochondrial NF-κB after LPS-induced injury.Conclusions(1) NF-κB is activated in mitochondria via uptake of ANT1 during apoptosis following LPS-induced injury in neuronal cells; (2) NGF not only decreases the activity of NF-κB but also reduces ANT1 activity, which in turn decreases NF-κB levels in mitochondria and suppresses mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.摘要目的探讨线粒体内核转录因子(NF-κB)的表达与脂多糖(LPS)诱导损伤后神经细胞的凋亡之间的关系。创新点(1)LPS 诱导后,线粒体中NF-κB 的增加导致 细胞凋亡;(2)腺嘌呤核苷酸转位酶1(ANT1)活性决定线粒体中NF-κB 的水平。方法通过MTT 和Hoechst 33342 染色来测定药物对 PC12 细胞的作用;用电子显微镜和罗丹明123 (rhodamine 123)检测线粒体的形态和功能;通 过酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)测量ANT1、脂 质过氧化物和抗过氧化物酶的活性;反转录聚合 酶链反应(RT-PCR)和蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测NF-κB 的相对表达水平。结论(1)在LPS 诱导的神经元细胞损伤后的细胞凋亡期间,NF-κB 通过摄取ANT1 在线粒体中被激活;(2)神经生长因子(NGF)不仅降低NF-κB 活性,还降低ANT1 活性,进而使得线粒体中 NF-κB 的表达水平下降,并抑制线粒体介导的细 胞凋亡。


Siddha system is one of the major Indian systems of medicine. Siddha sashtric formulations are used for the treatment and management of non communicable diseases like stroke, cancer, diabetes, chronic lung diseases etc. Of these, cancer is the second leading cause of death globally. CINV is a significant burden for patients undergoing anticancer therapy. Nausea and vomiting are rated as two of the most distressing symptoms by chemotherapy patients and have been shown to significantly and adversely affect quality of life and physical function during treatment (Carelle et al., 2002). Many siddha sashtric formulations are available for nausea and vomiting. All of the available information about Siddha anti emetic Formulations, their ingredients and chemical constituents were collected from the rich collection of ancient Siddha books held in the library, Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli. Electronic searches also made. They also have the therapeutic actions like anticancer, antioxidant, anti inflammatory, chemo preventive, gastro protective etc. This review explains the scientific evidences for the effect of Siddha Sashric formulations in the treatment and management of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting. This documentation provides the baseline information about the therapeutic importance of Siddha medicines in chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting and it will be useful for further clinical trials.

Key words: Siddha medicine, cancer, chemotherapy, CINV, nausea and vomiting.


The Yangtizishan-Moshishan sedimentary metamorphosed titanium ore deposit,discovered and explored by the authors in recent years,is of an anatase-dominated new genetic type.Ore bodies occur in metamorphic rocks of Middle Proterozoic Erdaowa Group(1 751±8 Ma),consisting of sericite-quartz schist,metamorphic quartz sandstone(siltstone),and amphibolite.The ores are actually anatase-bearing metamorphosed sandstone(siltstone) or schist.According to their mineral associations,three types of amphibolites may be recognized,i.e.,amphibolite,plagioclase-amphibolite,and plagioclasite.Recovery of the amphibolites reveals that the initial rocks are picrite-basalt,basalt,basaltic andesite,and trachyte andesite.Petrochemical and trace element geochemical data suggest that the tectonic setting of these rocks belongs to the island arc or the transitional belt between island arc and oceanic ridge.There exists rather thorough differentiation of the rocks.Anatase ore and amphibolites were all produced by oceanic volcanism,but later subjected to regional metamorphism of the intermediate degree.


Abstract The nuclear fuel of the operating RBMK-1500 type reactor at Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant is a potential source of accumulated activity which can enter the surrounding environment. Due to the fact, that the high radiotoxic nuclear fuel fission products 90Sr and 137Cs are most important radioactive pollutants, this study is concentrated on the quantitative and qualitative investigation of the cumulative behaviour of all strontium and caesium isotopes during burn-up and cooling time of the nuclear fuel. An investigation is performed on the basis of modelling results, which are important for the risk assessment of environmental contamination and for the interpretation of the results of direct field measurements.


English writing is an important component of English study.It is not only a goal of English study,it is also helpful in improving mental organizational skills and language expressing abilities.At present many problems exist in college English writing,which need solving.College English teachers must have a full understanding of the current problems,endeavor to work out countermeasures,improve teaching and students' English writing.


PurposeThis study aims to investigate the influence of specific socioeconomic factors, namely neighborhood, gender roles and affordability, on the continuous use of clean cooking technologies (CCTs) in households, using evidence from Uganda.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted an explanatory quantitative design. A questionnaire survey with 379 clean household responses was conducted. The data were analyzed using the Smart Partial Least Squares (PLS) software.FindingsThe results indicate that the sustained use of clean cooking technologies in households in Uganda is significantly associated with neighborhood influence, shared gender roles and affordability, collectively accounting for 27.7% of the variance.Research limitations/implicationsThe three dimensions of socioeconomic factors under study partially explain the sustained use of CCTs in Uganda. The study does not delve into other socioeconomic factors that could probably account for 72.2% of the variance not explained. The quantitative design may have overlooked the social reality perspectives inherent in qualitative studies that other researchers may endeavor to exploit.Originality/valueThe authors integrated three dimensions of socioeconomic factors – neighborhood influence, gender roles and affordability – with the diffusion of innovation theory (DIT) using Smart PLS to explain the continuous use of CCTs within households.


Messes. Btjrdett and Habkis and Messrs. Pim, Vaughan, and Oo. having undertaken to bring the special claims of the hospitals nnderthe notice of the members of the Stook Exchange, issued the following notice :?" Special S. E. Fund to raise the Hospital Sunday Oolleotion in 1895 to ?50,000: The Lord Mayor, as the treasurer, in conjunction with The Hospital newspaper, owing to the pressing needs of the hospitals this year, is making a supreme effort to raise the total collection to ?50,000. So far about ?43,000 hai bsen received, and if ?4,000 oan be raised in the House immense benefit will be conferred upon many poor suffering Londoners, who may otherwise be unable to obtain the hospital relief which they need. If the total collection is once raised to


1. Abstract It is trite law that taxpayers may plan their affairs so as to ensure that income tax laws are inapplicable to their particular income. 1 So long as taxpayers declare all their taxable income, ensure that they abide strictly by the taxing statutes and do not enter into sham transactions they may use any number of legal devices in order to minimise their liabilities. The use of a suitable tax haven has become a characteristic feature of modern international tax planning, and is frequently an essential element of an international group's corporate structure. Many countries have enacted anti tax haven statutes in their legislations. The OECD's relevant works on counteracting measures against the use of tax havens have also been reinforced since the year 2000.


Empirical observations carried out by the first author during his many visits to cocoa producing countries suggested that a relationship might exist between cocoa pulp flavour attributes and sensory traits of cocoa liquor and chocolates. A first attempt to demonstrate such a relationship was made by evaluating the following flavour attributes: volatile aroma upon opening the pods, pulp sweetness, pulp acidity, pulp astringency, pulp flavour intensity and type, overall preference for pulp taste, and degree of bitterness of the cotyledon. Blind pulp tasting was carried out by a six-person panel of ripe fruits of nine cocoa clonal varieties, representing different genetic origins, several of which are well known for their contrasting sensory traits of their chocolates. Overall pulp preference was significantly related to the known fine flavour potential of the cocoa varieties tested, whereas specific pulp flavour attributes appeared related to specific types of fine flavour of the tested cocoa genotypes. One striking example was the EET 62 clone (Nacional x Trinitario), which displayed a "jasmine" flower odour upon opening the ripe fruit, sweet pulp with an intensive pleasant flavour that was identified as floral and fruity. These flavour attributes are apparently related to the known typical "Arriba" flavour of the EET62 clone. The typical fresh-fruit Trinitario cocoa flavour of the ICS 1 clone appeared to be related to a balanced combination of relatively high acidity and sweetness and a moderate citrus-like flavour of its pulp. On the other side, the pulp of the potentially low-flavour CCN51 clone was rated as very astringent and acid, with low flavour intensity and quality. The pulp of the Pandora 1 clone from Colombia was characterised by a sour sop (Guanabana) flavour and may therefore represent a new interesting type of fine-flavour cocoa. These results suggest that a significant part of fine-flavour attributes of cocoa products (excluding basic cocoa flavour) can be related to sensory traits identifiable in the pulp of ripe cocoa pods. The effect of the pulp flavour environment on the taste of chocolates was further experimentally demonstrated by adding equal quantities of aromatic pulp of two tropical fruit species (Theobroma grandiflorum and Anona muricata) with Amelonado beans during the fermentation process. The chocolates obtained by this method revealed the 2 presence of the typical flavour attributes of T. grandiflorum and A.muricata. This shows that the added aromatic compounds are absorbed by the cocoa cotyledon during the fermentation process. An amateur public in Montpellier, France, showed high levels of preference for the chocolates that had acquired flavours of T. grandiflorum and A. muricata in comparison to that of the pure Amelonado control treatment. The combined findings suggest that: 1) Rapid screening of germplasm and of breeding populations for pulp characteristics can be attempted to select cocoa varieties that display good potential for known as well as for new fine flavor traits, 2) Chocolate flavors can be modified substantially by adding aromatic substances to cocoa beans during the fermentation process. The further development of such an innovative way to produce cocoa liquors and chocolates with enhanced and/or modified flavour profiles is expected to have important commercial applications. It would also provide new opportunities for the use of aromatic tropical fruit pulps that are often under-utilized and under-valued. (Resume d'auteur)


The Ulubelu geothermal field is located about 100 km northwest of the Southern Sumatra capital city of Bandarlampung. Pertamina has conducted exploration surveys in the area since 1990 and drilled three slim wells, i.e. UBL-1, UBL-2, and UBL-3, to determine its geothermal potential. Hydrothermal minerals such as limonite, kaolin and anhydrite were met in well UBL-1 at depths of about 650-800 m.This indicates mixing of deep hot water with cooler water. A zone of high temperature is indicated by wollastonite and epidote at a depth of about 940 m, while wairakite, prehnite and laumontite show that a lower temperature regime once occurred at the same depth. Fluid inclusions in quartz and anhydrite have a homogenization temperature of about 250300°C and 270-305°C at both shallow and deep levels. The homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions are much higher than measured temperatures but are consistent with the occurrence of hydrothermal minerals such as epidote in veins, prehnite, and wairakite. It is likely that the geothermal system of Ulubelu has already cooled but its deeper regions are still hot, at least 240°C.


Purpose:We report a technique to place Gore-TAG (TAG) precisely just below the origin of theneck vessel without overstenting.Technique:Before deploying TAG, retrograde insertion of the protection sheath through the left subclavianartery (LSCA), or the left common carotid artery (LCCA), into the aortic arch was accomplished.The proximal flare portion of TAG catheter was positioned to touch or partially cross theprotection sheath. Deployment was done in the routine fashion. When the proximal portion of TAGwas to protrude in the direction of the ascending aorta, the protection sheath could hold the advancementof the device.Patients:Five patients underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) using TAG withprotection sheath insersion. Open direct puncture of LCCA was done in 3, while percutaneous punctureof the left brachial artery to protect LSCA was done in the remaining 2.Result:All the patients underwent TEVAR successfully without endoleak. One patient needed additionalstent placement of LCCA, which caused no proximal endoleak.Conclusion:Protection sheath insertion into the neck vessel was useful to place TAG precisely justbelow its origin


Gender analysis is a strong analytical tool of feminist law which deconstructs traditional legal system and constructs gender equity law system.When examine the legislation against domestic violence in our country from the perspective of gender,the direct or indirect discrimination against women will be found.Gender analysis must be taken into account in the legislation of anti-domestic violence in our country.


Foreword Clarence Glacken 1. Contexts of Modern Humanism in Geography David Ley and Marwyn S. Samules Part 1: Epistemological Orientations 2. Existentialism and Human Geography Marwyn S. Samuels 3. Social Geography and Social Action David Ley 4. Uniqueness, Universality and the Challenge of La Geographie Humaine Anne Buttimer 5. The Vidal-Durkheim Debate Vincent Berdoulay 6. Towards a Humanised conception of Economic Geography Iain Wallace 7. Of Ambiguity Gunnar Olsson Part 2: Methodological Implications 8. The Historical Mind and the Practice of Geography R . Cole Harris 9. Understanding the Subjective Meaning of Places Edward Gibson 10. The Landscape Indicators School in German Geography Robert Gipel 11. Relfections on Experiential Fieldwork Graham D. Rowles 12. Literature and Geography: Implication for Geographical Research Yi-Fu Tuan 13. Introducing the Cartography of Reality Dennis Wood Part 3: Some Research Directions 14. The Concepts of 'Place' and 'Land' in the Judaeo-Christian Tradition James M. Houston 15. Goethe's Approach to the Natural World David Seamon 16. The Structuring of Space in Place Names and Words for Place David E. Sopher 17. The Social Construction of Unreality: An Interactionist Approach to the Tourist's Cognition of Environment James S. Duncan 18. Individual and Landscape: Theoughts on China and the Tao of Mao Marwyn S. Samuels 19. Knowing One's Place: 'The Coloured People' and the Group Areas Act in Cape Town John Western 20. The Urban Community Movement: Moving Towards Public Households James T. Lemon


In this letter, Ground-Signal-Ground type through-silicon vias (TSVs) are designed to achieve millimeter wave applications in three-dimensional integrated circuits (3-D ICs). Air-gap is exploited as the insulation layer due to the low permittivity. The accurate wideband equivalent-circuit model are established with frequency up to 20 GHz by using a set of resistance inductance capacitance conductance (RLGC) parameters, which are derived from the different design physical parameters and materials of the TSVs. Good agreements between the proposed models and full-wave simulation of Ansoft's HFSS are shown over a wide frequency range of interest.


Objective To evaluate the sampling efficiency of rotary biopsy forceps in gastric precancerous lesions. Methods A total of 60 gastric lesions with suspected pre-cancerous characters under narrow band imaging were enrolled, and consecutive samples were taken from same lesion by one endoscopist with routine and rotary forceps, respectively. The most severe pathological diagnosis was regarded as the final diagnosis. Results There was a significant difference between rotary biopsy forceps and routine ones in regarding of sample quality and capability of minimize tissue damage ( P 〈 0.05 ). The concordance rate with final pathological diagnosis from sample taken by rotary biopsy forceps was higher than that from routine ones, but without significance (P 〉0. 05 ). Conclusion The rotary biopsy forceps is superior to routine ones in sampling of gastric pre-cancerous lesions.

Key words:
Precancerous conditions;  Biopsy;  Endoscopy;  Diagnosis


The invention relates to a main combustion stage tangential oil supply premix and pre-evaporation combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is in a single-ring chamber structure and is designed by adopting the conceptual design of staging combustion, and all the used amount of gas for combustion is supplied by the precombustion stage and the main combustion stage. The combustion chamber mainly comprises a flow-dividing type diffuser, a combustion chamber outer case, a combustion chamber inner case, a fuel nozzle, the precombustion stage, the main combustion stage, a flame tube outer wall and a flame tube inner wall. The precombustion stage utilizes a low-speed flow returning zone generated by swirl air entering the combustion chamber by a precombustion stage swirler component; the fuel needed by the main combustion stage is ejected by the tangential main combustion stage nozzle, is atomized under the air flow effect generated by entering of atomized air of the main combustion stage nozzle into a pipe, then flows into a premix and pre-evaporation ring pipe for evaporation, and is further blended with air; and even oil-gas mixed gas formed at the outlet of the premix and pre-evaporation ring pipe enters a flame tube and combusts under the pilot combustion of the precombustion stage flame. The combustion chamber has simple structure, and can effectively reduce the discharge of pollution simultaneously while guaranteeing that an aeroengine is in normal working state.


The tumour spectrum associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) has been known for many years. New data suggest that females with MEN1 may face an additional, hitherto unrecognized, risk of early‐onset breast cancer. The menin protein is certainly known to have a role in regulating oestrogen receptor activity; but how robust are the data linking MEN1 to breast cancer? This article examines the published data from the viewpoint of a cancer geneticist and considers whether there really is a justifiable indication for enhanced breast surveillance in women with MEN1.


Organisms that modify the availability of abiotic resources for other species can alter the structure and function of ecological communities through multiple pathways. In Florida Bay, red grouper (Epinephelus morio) engineer habitats by excavating sediment and detritus from karst solution holes and are also predators that consume a variety of benthic crustaceans and fish, some of which colonize engineered habitats. The effect of red grouper on these communities is complex as colonizing species interact with red grouper in different ways, including both direct (e.g., predator–prey) and indirect interactions. Here, I present the results of an experiment designed to test the direct effects of red grouper on faunal communities associated with Florida Bay solution holes by excluding red grouper from solution holes for four weeks. Red grouper presence generally had positive effects on the abundance, richness, and diversity of faunal communities associated with engineered habitats. Few strong interactions were observed between red grouper and colonizing species, mainly juvenile coral reef fishes. These results suggest that by acting as both a predator and habitat engineer, red grouper shape unique communities, distinct from those of surrounding areas, and influence the composition of communities associated with manipulated habitats.


Autonomous learning is still a hot term in the field of language teaching.There is no doubt that it has become an objective in education all over the world and an indispensable part of learners' approaches to learning.However,can autonomous learning be applied effectively in higher vocational colleges(VC)? This is a question to be answered in this paper.But most teachers question the feasibilities of learner autonomy in VC due to the poor quality of students.Research shows that there are some adverse factors in the process of fostering learner autonomy in English classroom teaching in VC,and these factors become obstacles,which will restrict the development of learner autonomy.The author finds extrinsic factors and intrinsic factors of the problem and then puts forward some feasible measures to promote students'autonomous learning in VC.


Despite the fact that national parks and other protected areas are mostly adopting the sustainable development process, it was found that sustainability has yet to be perceived pragmatically in these areas. Due to its process, this paper presents a monitoring framework approach to develop and implement indicators for sustainable tourism. To illustrate the application of the framework, a set of indicators were developed and used by way of an iterative Delphi survey conducted to seek expert opinions on the sustainability indicators to monitor tourism development in Boujagh National Park. This park was the subject of a case study, even though with lack of data. The results of this research confirmed in developing a set of 20 indicators, which emphasised on issues related to visitor satisfaction, economy, environment and society. It is the first step in a long-term process toward developing adapted indicators for national park monitoring and will allow decision-makers to enhance the sustainability of tourism development in Boujagh National Park.


New ancient lunar impact basins have been uncovered thanks to the GRAIL mission's gravity measurements [1]. We have dated these basins using crater counting methods [2] and characterized their properties to improve our understanding of the early thermal evolution of the Moon [3]. Introduction: Lunar impact basins have received great research interest in the past few years thanks to the GRAIL mission [4]. Many large basins on the Moon are not significantly relaxed. Some of these basins, however, can be identified based on their Bouguer gravity signature [1], but do not correspond strongly with any topographic features. Such basins have potentially undergone relaxation, which requires a relatively hot ancient lunar crust [3]. GRAIL and Gravity Anomalies: Thanks to high resolution gravity and topography provided by the GRAIL and LOLA instruments, the effect on gravity of surface topography can be removed, yielding a Bouguer gravity map [5]. Places with a higher Bouguer gravity imply a thinner (or denser) crust and vice versa. Maps of the Bouguer anomaly have been used to identify previously unrecognized basins [1]. These candidate basins are obscured by mare deposits, later craters, post-impact relaxation, or a combination thereof. TOPO-22 (Fig. 1) is one of these candidate basins. Its name is based on its initial identification as a topographic depression [6] that, in retrospect, points towards the existence of an impact basin. Yet the real smoking gun is the large Bouguer gravity anomaly. Based on [1], our list of initial candidate impact basins is in Table 1. Figure 1: Topographic (A) and Bouguer Gravity (B) Maps of TOPO-22. Rough size of TOPO-22 is indicated by the circle and the center dot represents the center of the basin, which is located at 179E, 49.4N [1]. Note that the signature of the basin is quite clear in the Bouguer anomaly, but the topography is very subdued.


The phonetic way in pen and ink creation of China painting from its special tool material.It gathered the important appreciate principle of China painting,kept the pen and ink trandition.In reality,that is the diverse demand of culture.The pen and ink is the most basic gene from of China painting,therefore,abandon tradition and pen and ink is means abandon the special advantage of our resources.


Objective:The analysis of correlation among hyperhomocysteinemia and chronic diseases,unhealthy lifestyles,gender,age.Methods:To detect the level of homocysteine in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia,then to conduct correlation analysis of chronic diseases,unhealthy lifestyles,gender,age.Results: There were no significant differences in the homocysteine level between patients with hyperhomocysteinemia combining hypertension,coronary heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,carotid atherosclerotic plaque,cerebral arteriosclerosis or not(P0.05).There was a significant difference in the homocysteine level between patients with diabetic and nondiabetics(P0.05).There were significant differences in the homocysteine level between patients with smoke,bibulosity and patients with no smoke,bibulosity(P0.05).There were no significant differences in the homocysteine level between patients with less fruits and vegetables or not(P0.05).There was a significant difference in the homocysteine level between male and female(P0.05).There was no significant difference between age and homocysteine level(P0.05).Conclusion:Smoking and drinking can make the level of homocysteine increasing.Less fruits and vegetables were not the only reason to result in hyperhomocysteinemia.There was a correlation of hyperhomocysteinemia and gender(the values of male were higher than the female).There wasn' t a correlation of hyperhomocysteinemia and age.Hyperhomocysteinemia can be one of the factors of hypertension,coronary heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,carotid atherosclerotic plaque,cerebral arteriosclerosis but not the only reason.Hyperhomocysteinemia had a higher influence in diabete than other diseases.


With the expected of 2.5 billion people using smartphone by 2019, mobile biometric is a crucial field providing convenient and secure access for users. As most of the security systems only require single authentication, an intruder can gain access after the initial login stage. Human re-identification in mobile device is the task of continuously authenticating the person after initial login. In this paper, we investigate using clothing information for subject re-identification in mobile device. To this aim, we employed two approaches to extract shallow and deep clothing features, followed by a linear support vector machine (SVM) to distinguish genuine from impostors. Each method achieved promising results, with equal error rates below 0.05. Further, a fusion of handcrafted shallow features and data-driven deep features at, feature and score levels, provided 0.034 and 0.032 at EER, confirming the viability of the proposed method for accurate short-term re-identification for mobile use cases.


Abstract. The article is devoted to the complex research processes of heat and mass transfer occurring in the real conditions of solid fuel (coal) combustion. Development of technological processes with economic and ecological advantages are the main purpose for many researches in thermal physics and technical physics. The complex processes of heat and mass transfer in the presence of combustion are non-stationary, strongly non-isothermal with a constant change in the physical and chemical state of the environment. It greatly complicates their experimental study. In this case, studying of heat and mass transfer in high-reacting media with simulation of physical and chemical processes occur during combustion of pulverized coal is important for the solution of modern power engineering industry and ecology problems. In this regard, a comprehensive study of heat and mass transfer processes at high-temperature media observed. Investigations based on the achievements of modern physics by using numerical methods for 3D modeling. Numerical experiments are conducted to describe and study aerodynamic characteristics, heat and mass transfer processes during the burning of pulverized Kazakhstan low-grade coal. The results obtained are of great practical importance, since they allow us to develop recommendations for the improvement and design of new combustion chambers and burners, and also can be useful in optimizing the whole process of burning fossil fuels.

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Английский
Испанский
Итальянский
Казахский
Китайский Трад
Китайский Упр
Корейский
Русский
Турецкий
Французский

Английский
Испанский
Итальянский
Казахский
Китайский Трад
Китайский Упр
Корейский
Русский
Турецкий
Французский

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The depth image generated by Kinect sensor always contains vibration and shadow noises which limit the related usage. In this research, a method based on image fusion and fractional differential is...


Compared to economically developed provinces,the gap of less total number of elite athletes in Shaanxi Province is obvious;to protect the status quo gives priority to industry internal security,which lacks support of local security fund policy.Active athletes are not satisfied to existing job placement,resulting in some loss of human resources,and economically underdeveloped western provinces fail to keep the sports talents,which influence the balanced development of the population of competitive sports,reduce the competitiveness of Shaanxi province in the competitive platform.For the existing problems,the corresponding solutions are proposed.


Beta stabilizing elements cause high processing cost due to their high density and high melting point. Ti-xMo-2Fe alloy is metastable beta titanium alloy containing a low-cost beta stabilizing elements, and it is possible to secure excellent price competitiveness. Microstructure characterization and mechanical properties of a new designed Ti-xMo-2Fe alloys were investigated by Optical microscope, Vickers hardness, room temperature tensile test, in this study. The microstructure and mechanical properties were different depending on Mo contents, and Ti-9.2Mo-2Fe showed high hardness and brittle failure due to the high Mo content. As a result, Ti-3.4Mo-2Fe showed a tensile strength of 821.2 MPa and a high elongation of 10.3%.


Objective Attracting effect of fecal extract of the Blattella germanica of different ages and genders on themselves was measured in the present study in order to provide more effective guidance on the chemical control of B.germanica.Methods B.germanica feces were immersed in organic solvents to produce the extract,of which the attracting effect was measured by a four-arm olfactometer.Results The ethanol fecal extract of early nymphs was the best to attract early nymphs,late nymphs,male adults and female adults,with the attraction rates of 39.72%,40.56%,38.33% and 34.17%,respectively,followed by fecal extract of late nymphs,the attraction rates of which were 30.56%,30.56%,27.22% and 26.11%,respectively.The extracts of male and female adult feces were the worst at attracting,though the one of male adult feces had an attraction rate of 22.22% to female adults,and that of the female adult fecal extract reached 24.72% to male adults,both higher than the effect of nymph fecal extracts and that between the same gender.The effectiveness of toxic baits increased significantly when added a certain amount of the ethanol extracts of early or late nymph feces;the 24 h kill rate of deltamethrin baits increased from 26.00% to 54.00% and 48.00%,respectively;the 24 h kill rate of phoxim baits increased from 20.00% to 48.00% and 40.00%,respectively.Conclusion The fecal extract of early nymphs had a favorable attracting effect on the nymphs of all ages and male and female adults,while the fecal extract of a certain gender satisfyingly attracted the opposite.Mixed with the ethanol fecal extract of early and late nymph,the toxic baits demonstrated improvement in the killing efficiency.


Eutrophication is a worldwide environmental problem attributed to direct or indirect discharge of untreated or partially treated effluents from a variety of industries including slaughter-houses. Nutrient-rich water compromises its suitability for various uses and threatens human and environmental health. A study was carried out to assess the impact of effluents from Dagoreti slaughter-houses on the water quality of Kavuthi stream, one of the tributaries of Nairobi River. Samples of effluent effluents from the slaughterhouses and water from Kavuthi stream were collected in 2010 for the determination of both temporal and spatial variation of various eutrophication parameters: total phosphates (TP), soluble reactive phosphates (SRP), ammonium (NH4), nitrate (NO3) and nitrite (NO2). A mean concentration of 5.14± 0.30 mgL -1 for TP, 2.80±0.37mgL -1 for SRP, 18.27± 0.93 mgL -1 for NH4-N, 8.88±0.25 mgL -1 for NO3-N and 1.63±0.22 mgL -1 for NO2N were recorded for the effluent from the slaughter-house. Significant differences were observed between sampling occasions and sites (p<0.05) along the stream. On average, 1.52±0.08 mgL -1 for TP, 0.68±0.05 mgL -1 for SRP, 5.34± 0.41 mgL -1 for NH4-N, 4.36±0.20 mgL -1 for NO3-N and 0.46±0.05 mgL -1 for NO2-N for the water samples along Kavuthi stream were recorded. Despite the significantly high concentrations of these nutrients in sites downstream of the effluent discharge point as compared to upstream sites, their levels were within the limits stipulated by National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) Water Quality Regulation for effluent discharge into the environment and source of water for domestic purpose. The study recommends that the slaughter-house operators adopt appropriate effluents treatment interventions and effluent discharge guidelines in order to safeguard human and environmental health. © 2018 Elixir All rights reserved. Elixir Pollution 117 (2018) 50489-50492 Pollution Available online at www.elixirpublishers.com (Elixir International Journal) Koech, H.K. et al. / Elixir Pollution 117 (2018) 50489-50492 50490 where a number of the slaughter houses; Nyongara, Mumu, Thiani, Dagoretti and Njonjoro are located. The siting of slaughter-houses is in such a way that the effluent from their operations is collected through a common channel which drains into a primary settlement (solids removal) pond before being discharged into Kavuthi stream. Subsequently, along the riparian zone of the Kavuthi stream, are small-scale farms of vegetables, arrowroots and napier grass and dense informal settlements at some section of the stream. The lithology of the area is predominantly weathered volcanic rocks with red soils that reach more than 50 feet (15 m) in thickness (Saggerson, 1991). The area has a cool tropical climate with 2 rainy seasons. Highest rainfall is received between March and April and the short rainy season is between November and December. The mean annual rainfall ranges between 8501050 mm while mean daily temperature ranges between 12 and 26°C. It is usually dry and cold between July and August, but hot and dry in January and February (CBS, 2003). Nairobi's main drainage follows the regional slope of the volcanic rocks towards the east, while subsidiary internal drainage into the Rift region is confined to the western part. Field sampling and quality assurance Effluent samples were taken from the drainage channel immediately after Dagoretti slaughter-house effluent treatment system but before discharge into Kavuthi stream at the point designated as (S3 (Figure 1). In addition, water samples were taken from 6 sites along the stream designated as: S1 and S2 located upstream from the point of effluent discharge S4 while S5, S6 and S7 are located downstream from the point of effluent discharge. GPS readings for the sampling sites were taken and used to geo-reference the location of the sampling sites on the map of the catchment as illustrated in the map. Figure 1. Geographical location of Kavuthi stream within Dagoretti/Kikuyu catchment. The study was carried out between 29th January 2010 and 7 th May 2010 with January and February corresponding with the dry period while March and April corresponded with the wet period following the commencement of rainy season in late March. A total number of 24 effluent samples and 144 water samples were collected from the effluent channel and the stream, respectively for the determination of total phosphates (TP), soluble reactive phosphates (SRP), ammonium (NH4), nitrate (NO3) and nitrite (NO2). Samples were collected in plastic bottles, pre-cleaned by washing with non-ionic detergents, rinsed with deionized water prior to usage. Before the final water samplings were taken, the bottles were rinsed with effluent and stream water and then filled with the respective samples. The sample bottles were labelled according to sampling sites. All samples were preserved at 4°C and transported to Egerton University Biological Sciences laboratory for analyses within 24 hours. Nutrient analyses were conducted following standard analytical methods (APHA, 1998). Data analysis Field and laboratory data were entered into Microsoft excel spread sheets before transferring to SPSS version 17.0 for further analysis. Prior to statistical analyses, data were tested for normality and homogeneity of variance using Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test and Levene's Test and where there were violations of these assumptions, appropriate transformations were done. Statistical significance was determined using independent sample t-tests and one-way ANOVA with Least Significance Difference (LSD) for separation of means. Significant relationships between variables were also determined using Pearson's correlation analysis. Results and Discussion Water quality assessment remains a useful tool for pollution control, planning and management of water resource. Spatio-temporal variation in eutrophication parameters Soluble Reactive Phosphate and Total Phosphate Soluble Reactive Phosphate (SRP) averaged between 0.23±0.06 mgL -l and 1.15±0.10 mgL -l and 2.80±0.37 mgL -1 measured for water samples from Kavuthi stream and the effluent respectively. One way ANOVA revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the sampling sites and occasions for the sites along the stream (F5, 138=18.98; p<0.05 and F3,,140=29.76; p<0.05), respectively (Figure 2 & Table 1). The separation of means showed that Sites 2 and 7, 4 and 6 and 5 and 6 were not significantly different from each other (LSD test, p=0.42, 0.12 and 0.41), respectively. Equally, there was statistically significant differences in the levels of TP concentration amongst the sampling sites and occasions for the stream (F5, 138=107.52; p<0.05 and F3, 140=3.42; p=0.02), respectively (Figure 3 & Table 1).Post-hoc test indicated that sites 4 and 5 and sites 6 and 7 were similar (LSD test; p=0.092 and 0.059), respectively. One way ANOVA Low levels of phosphates i.e. SRP and TP recorded just before the point of slaughter-house effluent discharge by virtue of their location with respect to the point effluent discharge. However, the difference in phosphate concentrations observed between the two sites maybe attributable to discharge of partially treated sewage from residential apartment at S2. In addition, phosphates can enter aquatic environments from the natural weathering of minerals in the drainage basin, from biological decomposition, and as runoff from human activities in urban and agricultural areas (Geneviève et al., 2006). Koning, et al (2000) also points out that run-off from riparian settlements, cultivated pastures and industrial activities are potential sources of nutrient load in the receiving stream and rivers. Intensive use of phosphate rich detergents in cleaning the floors of the slaughter-houses and the intestinal contents .i.e. urine and dung as well as wastewater form car washing laundry, saloon, bathrooms and kitchen activities are plausible reasons for high concentration Koech, H.K. et al. / Elixir Pollution 117 (2018) 50489-50492 50491 of phosphates observed in S4 and S5. Goldman and Horne (1983) observed that the major sources of soluble phosphates, among others, are phosphate-containing detergents, which contribute half the phosphate contained in domestic sewage. Low concentrations of phosphates observed in dry months of January and February coincided with low flow of the stream as opposed to high concentrations which coincided with high flow during the rainy months of March and April. However, other studies have demonstrated that if nutrient influxes in a river are dominated by point sources, water phosphates concentrations are often higher during low-flow periods when the dilution effect is at its lowest (Neal et al, 2008). Dorioz et al (1998) havers that the amount of diffuse phosphorous entering rivers is dependent on rainfall, hydrological conditions and land use in the watershed Figure 2. Spatial variation of soluble reactive phosphate. Figure 3. Spatial variation of total phosphate. Table 1. Temporal variation of nutrient concentration in


The tribe Eupatorieae, a tribe almost exclusively American in distribution, has been thought to be related to Vernonieae by various authorities (Bentham, 1873; Hoffmann, 1890). Eupatorieae possess only a few characters which differ entiate the tribe from Vernonieae; chief among these are the blunt style branches and lack of basal anther appendages. A degree of resemblance between Eupatorieae and tribes other than Vernonjeae has also been noted (Bentham, 1873). However, the view which would probably command the widest sup port from students of Compositae is that Eupatorieae is derived from ancestors like Vernonieae and has undergone considerable radiation throughout the New World. The tribe consists of one large genus, Eupatorium, and about 50 other genera which seem closely related to Eupatorium and to each other. Eupatorieae which occur outside the New World are the monotypic Aden ostyles in Europe and Asia minor, several species of Eupatorium, and one cosmopolitan species in each of the genera Adenostemma, Ageratum and Mika nia. These distributions seem more likely the result of chance long-distance dis persal than vestiges of a once-greater distribution of the tribe. The Madagascar genus Apodocephala, the wood of which was described by Lecomte (1922), was once placed by Hoffmann (1890) in Eupatorieae, but later (1894) he acknowledged that it belongs in Vernonieae. There seems little doubt that Apodocephala is, in fact, a member of Vernonieae, as Lecomte (1922) and Humbert (1923) agree. Brickellia, with about 90 species, is a genus of shrubs and herbs character istic of drier areas of the southwestern United States and Mexico (Robinson, 1917). A few species range into Central America, the West Indies, and north ern South America. Three species, collected in California, were utilized in the present study. Eupatorium, with more than 500 species, is one of the larger genera of Compositae. Ranging from herbs to shrubs and a few small trees, Eupatoriums are most abundant in Mexico and southern South America (Record and Hess, 1943). The species studied here are distributed as follows: E. billbergianum (Panama); E. celtidifolium (Colombia); E. dalea (Jamaica and Cuba); E. daleoides (Mexico); F. frustratum (S. Florida); F. hiemale (Argentina); E. itatiayense (northwestern South America); F. morifolium (Mexico); F. odoratum (Florida to South America), F. oerstedtianum (Cen


Theory in Nursing is a systematic and organized group of statements associated with questions within the nursing discipline. There has been a rapid increase in the elderly population in India between 1991 and 2001. It has been projected that by the year 2050, the elderly population would rise to about 324 million. To ensure the quality of care of elderly, nursing theories can be applied and a theory which can be explored in common for geriatric clients is the self care deficit theory. This study explains a strategical approach for the application of nursing care in elderly using Orem's Self care deficit theory. A client with problems of deafness, joint pain and hypertension was selected. She was obese. She was able to perform her daily activities with support. Her care needs were assessed based on the theory and care was provided. The theory was found useful to give care to geriatric clients with self care problems.


ABSTRACT The processes underlying word reading are shaped by statistical properties of the writing system. According to some theoretical perspectives, reading acquisition should be understood as an exercise in statistical learning (SL). SL involves the extraction of organizing principles from a set of inputs. Several lines of research provide convergent evidence supporting the connection between SL and reading acquisition. An obstacle to fully appreciating the theoretical and educational implications of these findings is that SL is itself not well understood. In this article, we review the current literature on SL with a particular focus on organizing this literature by grounding it in theories of learning and memory more generally. This approach can clarify the nature of SL and provide a framework for understanding its role in reading, reading acquisition, and reading disorders.


.................................................................................................................... ii Co-Authorship Statement ....................................................................................... iv Acknowledgments .................................................................................................... v List of Abbreviations ................................................................................................ x List of Figures .......................................................................................................... xi List of Appendices ............................................................................................... xviii Chapter 1 : General Introduction .......................................................................... 1 1.1 An evolutionary perspective on reaching .............................................................. 1 1.1.1 The value of an ethological approach ................................................................. 3 1.1.2 Numerosity and salience ..................................................................................... 5 1.2 Affordance competition ........................................................................................... 6 1.2.1 Curved and averaged trajectories ..................................................................... 10 1.2.2 Compelled response paradigms ....................................................................... 18 1.3 Salience ................................................................................................................... 23 1.3.1 Bottom-up salience in the oculomotor network ................................................. 23 1.3.2 Bottom-up salience in the skeletomotor network .............................................. 27 1.4 Thesis Objectives and General Overview ............................................................ 28 Chapter 2 : Visual salience dominates early visuomotor competition in reaching behaviour................................................................................................. 31 2.1 Abstract ................................................................................................................... 32 2.2 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 33 2.3 Experiment 1 ........................................................................................................... 36 2.3.1 Methods ............................................................................................................. 36 2.3.2 Results .............................................................................................................. 39 2.4 Experiment 2 ........................................................................................................... 41 2.4.1 Method .............................................................................................................. 43 2.4.2 Results .............................................................................................................. 43 2.5 General Discussion ................................................................................................ 46 2.5.1 Salient targets dominate early visuomotor competition ..................................... 46 2.5.2 Visual salience is a factor only during early visuomotor competition ................ 49


While global warming is regarded as a fact by many in the scientific community, its future impact remains a challenge to be determined and measured. The International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment report (IPCC, 2007) shows inconclusive answers on global rainfall trends and general agreement on a future drier climate with increased global warming. The relationship between temperature, humidity and convection is not linear and is strongly dependent on regional scale features, such as topography and land cover. Furthermore, the relationship between convective lightning production (thunderstorms) and temperature is even more complicated, being subjected to the cloud dynamics and microphysics. Total lightning (intracloud and cloud-to-ground) monitoring is a relatively new field of observation. Global and tropical total lightning began to be more extensively measured by satellites in the mid 90s. In this scope, the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) onboard of the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) has been operational for over 11 years. Here we address total lightning trends observed by LIS from 1998 to 2008 in different temporal (annual and seasonal) and spatial (large and regional) scales. The observed 11-year trends are then associate to different predicted/hypothesized climate change scenarios.


Military vehicles, destined either for transportation of goods and personnel, or for battle missions, move in most situations on unpaved roads. Average movement speed is limited by suspension performances, which have to ensure a constant contact between vehicle's wheels and rolling track. Other factors with influence on minimum movement speed on heavy terrains (imposed by specific standards: STANAG - Standardization NATO Agreement) are represented by driver's physical resistance and behaviour of goods when submitted to shocks and vibrations. For the driver's comfort there can be used independent suspensions for chairs, but in case of transported goods is more difficult, especially when the cargo is fragile and expensive (communication equipment, radars, IT etc.). Therefore, it is very important to study means to reduce vibrations and shocks, using vibration damping materials. Experimental research conducted within present study aimed to analyse vibration isolation elements made of rubber, which have been mounted inside transport boxes. This solution is important to be interoperable and ensure a simplified version of logistics, with the use of containers or standardized transport boxes. Experimental tests aimed to determine material properties, which have not been provided by the manufacturer, and the results have subsequently been used for modelling-simulation of vibration isolation elements behaviour. Virtual model was validated by experimental research consisting in applying composed axial stresses to the analysed materials.


Ectopic gestation in the cervix is an obstetric rarity. When it occurs, its tendency to generate uncontrollable hemorrhage is well documented. The resulting hemorrhage is usually so severe that until recently, the only effective treatment modality was emergency hysterectomy. In recent years, however, many authors have recorded success with conservative measures resulting in the preservation of the affected uterus,14 and in one case, a successful live birth with the same pregnancy.5 These conservative management options rely on early accurate diagnostic criteria. We recently encountered an ectopic cervical pregnancy which presented in such an atypical fashion that diagnosis was only made at surgery, during which the sudden severe hemorrhage could only be controlled by emergency hysterectomy.


Environmental politics research frequently centres on the analysis of networks but predominantly from a qualitative perspective. The case is made for combining quantitative analysis of policy networks alongside qualitative research. This enables the structure and form of the network to be considered and focused attention then paid to how actors operationalise the network and give agency to the position of central nodes. This is explored through an empirical analysis of the issue network surrounding the zero-carbon built environment agenda in the United Kingdom in 2009–11. It demonstrates the diffuse yet clustered nature of the network and the importance of expertise claims, internal communication, resources, a unified voice and the organisational business model in shaping organisations' activities within the network.


The invention discloses a casing pipe driving head suitable for casing pipe well drilling. The casing pipe driving head comprises an adapter connector, a guiding and locking mechanism and a centering and sealing mechanism. The guiding and locking mechanism is matched with a casing pipe for lifting, dropping and rotating the casing pipe. The centering and sealing mechanism is used for guiding and centering the guiding and locking mechanism inside the set casing pipe and sealing drilling fluid. The adapter connector, the guiding and locking mechanism and the centering and sealing mechanism are sequentially connected from top to bottom. By adopting the casing pipe driving head, the setting ability of the casing pipe inside a complex well can be improved, the safety of the set casing pipe can be improved, and operating risk can be lowered.


The process of crude distillation impacts the economy of any refinery in a considerable manner. Therefore, it is necessary to improve it taking good advantage of the available infrastructure, generating products that conform to the specifications without violating the equipment operating constraints or plant restrictions at industrial units. The objective of this paper is to present the development of an optimization model for a Crude Distillation Unit (CDU) system at a ECOPETROL S.A. refinery in Barrancabermeja, involving the typical restrictions (flow according to pipeline capacity, pumps, distillation columns, etc) and a restriction that has not been included in bibliographic reports for this type of models: the heat integration of streams from Atmospheric Distillation Towers (ADTs) and Vacuum Distillation Towers (VDT) with the heat exchanger networks for crude pre-heating. On the other hand, ADTs were modeled with Metamodels in function of column temperatures and pressures, pumparounds flows and return temperatures, stripping steam flows, Jet EBP ASTM D-86 and Diesel EBP ASTM D-86. Pre-heating trains were modeled with mass and energy balances, and design equation of each heat exchanger. The optimization model is NLP, maximizing the system profit. This model was implemented in GAMSide 22,2 using the CONOPT solver and it found new operating points with better economic results than those obtained with the normal operation in the real plants. It predicted optimum operation conditions of 3 ADTs for constant composition crude and calculated the yields and properties of atmospheric products, additional to temperatures and duties of 27 Crude Oil exchangers.


Abstract Infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) is worldwide known as a common infection by Mycoplasma conjunctivae affecting the eyes of domestic sheep and goats where it generally leads to moderate symptoms known as 'pink eye'. IKC also occurs in severe outbreaks in free-ranging alpine chamois Rupicapra r. rupicapra and alpine ibex Capra i. ibex. It is characterised by grave clinical symptoms resulting in blindness and perforations of the cornea of the affected animals, and finally leads to their death. Transmission of M. conjunctivae from domestic sheep to wild Caprinae has been demonstrated by molecular epidemiological studies of the infectious agent. The relatively high prevalence of M. conjunctivae in sheep populations that share pastures in the Alps with wild Caprinae, in which outbreaks occur infrequently but with high virulence, raised an important question concerning the role of host-specificity of various strains of M. conjunctivae. Investigations on genetic variations of M. conjunctivae strains allowed subtyping of M. conjunctivae isolates using a molecular genetic method that can be directly applied to samples taken by eye swabs. Our studies revealed that sheep with IKC are frequently infected simultaneously with up to four different strains of M. conjunctivae. In contrast, affected chamois only showed infections with a single strain. Furthermore, among the different strains of M. conjunctivae that have been determined until now, 36 strains are repeatedly found in sheep, while only a few different strains, all belonging to a phylogenetically related cluster, were found in chamois with IKC. These few strains were responsible for all severe outbreaks of IKC in chamois during the last four years in Switzerland, Austria and Italy. Our studies indicate that a particular cluster of strains of M. conjunctivae has a host predilection for chamois where they cause severe infections.


The nonlocal character of Majorana zero modes is a key feature for topological protection of Majorana qubits, and distinguishes separated Majorana bound states from localized Andreev modes. Applying recent theoretical results on the coupling of quantum dots at the wire ends to the zero-energy mode in the wire, the authors provide a first quantitative measure of the nonlocality of Majorana modes in semiconductor-superconductor hybrid nanowires. The spin character of the Majorana mode is revealed by analyzing its coupling to two consecutive quantum dot resonances. Cases of zero modes with moderate and high degrees of nonlocality are compared.


This paper studied the QC-LDPC(quasi-cyclic low density parity check) codes and min-sum decoding algorithm,and designed a proper ununiform decoding scheme for quantization.According to the structure of parity check matrix of QC-LDPC code,a decoder architecture was designed,with its components and function discussed in detail.According the decoding algorithm and quantization scheme,simulated error correcting performance was made.A QC-LDPC decoder was implemented in Xilinx XC3S2000 FPGA(field programmable gate array),whose codeword length is 9 216 and code rate 1/2.FPGA implementation results show that 30% memory can be reduced compared to the traditional designs,achieving better tradeoff between performance and complexity.


ABSTRACT Externalizing behaviours are among the most prevalent reasons for a child referral to counselling centres. It has been documented that narrative coherence and mental representation of attachment to the caregivers, especially the mother, is the reason behind many problems in childhood. This study investigates and compares the mental representation of attachment and narrative coherence in children with and without externalizing disorders. The research method used in this study was a causal-comparative. After the primary screening of the participants, who were selected through convenience sampling, children were divided into two groups of with (N = 24) or without (N = 20) externalizing disorders. After administering the CBCL, children were assessed using the MacArthur Story Stem Battery. After test analysis, the result indicated that children in externalizing behaviour group scored statistically higher in negative mental representation, which scores lower in positive mental representation, as well as narrative coherence.


Introduce the main products index of modern coal chemical industry,including the comprehensive energy consumption,water consumption and energy conversion efficiency.Due to complex raw materials composition,heterogeneous reaction with strong nonlinear effect,long technological process,many links in the production chair and stagger of different grades energy flows,modern coal chemical demonstrative project consumes large water and energy.Through analyzing types of energy and energy consumption situation,find that the energy consumption could be reduced by utilizing industrial structure and management mechanism,adopting progressive technologies and developing circular economy.


The synthesis of (E)-N-(3-iodoprop-2-enyl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(3', 4'-dichlorophenyl) nortropane (β-CDIT) and its radioiodinated analogues is described. Three different synthetic methods are reported for the preparation of (E)-N-[3-(tributylstannyl)prop-2-enyl]-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(3', 4'-dichlorophenyl) nortropane, which was iododestannylated for the preparation of the corresponding iodinated derivative. We also report the radiolabelling of β-CDIT with 125 I or 123 I that could be used for in vitro and in vivo exploration of the doparnine transporter.


This paper explains the necessity of automatic error check in bibliography data, and introduces a system developed for this purpose. The system solves the problems of error checking and error correction in bibliography data in various formats by using code design, characteristic code scanning, and an optimization algorithm. It has been applied successfully in eight branches of the university library.


The dirhenium polyhydride complex [Re2H6(μ-mq)2(PPh3)4](BF4)2 (1), where mq represents the 2-mercaptoquinoline ligand, can be deprotonated in two steps to afford the diamagnetic complexes [Re2H5(μ-mq)2(PPh3)4]BF4 (2) and Re2H4(μ-mq)2(PPh3)4 (3) through the use of the bases PMe3 and DBU, respectively. The treatment of 2 and 3 with HBF4·Et2O regenerates 1. The basic structure of the [Re2(μ-mq)2(PPh3)4] unit is retained throughout these deprotonations/protonations as demonstrated by 1H and 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy. The neutral tetrahydrido complex 3 undergoes a two-electron oxidation when treated with the oxidants [(η5-C5H5)2Fe]BF4 and [(η5-C5H5)2Fe]PF6 to afford the salts [Re2H4(μ-mq)2(PPh3)4](BF4)2 (4a) and [Re2H4(μ-mq)2(PPh3)4](PF6)2 (4b), respectively. The [Re2H4(μ-mq)2(PPh3)4]2+/Re2H4(μ-mq)2(PPh3)4 couple has an E1/2 value of −0.47 V vs Ag/AgCl as measured by the cyclic voltammetric technique on solutions of 3 and 4 in 0.1 M Bu4NPF6/CH2Cl2. The chemical reversibility of this process has been confirmed b...


We construct bases for free unital generalized Poisson superalgebras and for free unital superalgebras of Jordan brackets. Also, we prove an analogue of Farkas' theorem for PI unital generalized Poisson algebras and PI unital algebras of Jordan brackets. Relations between generic Poisson superalgebras and superalgebras of Jordan brackets are studied.


Between 1815 and 1926, Cuban landscapes went through great transformations as a result of the sugar industry.s expansion into its natural regions. The most visible result was a rapid deforestation giving way to the needs for fertile and combustible lands and wood for construction. This paper offers a general view of this process, which is characterized by the coincidence of two decisive factors: the concession to private individuals of the absolute right to fell trees within their properties and the introduction of technological progress from the industrial revolution era in sugar production.


In the Laplandian norite-dioritic crustal block, the granitic layer originally present was eroded, in the course of the very slow ascent of the block; the granites found locally are products of the subsequent granitization of the basaltic layer. In the Pechanga trough, the granitic layer was forced downwards by basic effusives and was assimilated by basalts in the depths; the andesiteporphyrite dikes in the area are products of that assimilation. The two different mechanisms responsible for degranitization of the crust are believed to be fairly common, under similar conditions, e.g. in the Anabar and the Ukrainian shields or elsewhere. – V.P. Sokoloff.


The paper commences with an historical survey of gas-turbine development, and deals briefly with the constant-volume and constant-pressure principles. Under the latter are included the open, closed, and semi-closed cycles. Notes are added on air heaters and heat exchangers, materials required for gas-turbine components, and systems of control.The latter portion of the paper covers the application to marine purposes, and describes some current marine-turbine installations. In view of the small number of the moving parts, gas turbines should eventually prove as reliable as older forms of propulsion machinery. Life should not be less than 100,000 hours at full load and temperature, but, as creep tests of this duration are impracticable, the designer must at present base his calculation on rather meagre data. Up-keep costs should, once the initial difficulties have been overcome, compare favourably with those of other forms. A gas turbine of 5,000-10,000 s.h.p. per shaft can be constructed to give a fuel cons...


We optimized the Arbitrary accuracy DErivatives Riemann problem (ADER) ‐ Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) numerical method using the CUDA‐C language to run the code in a graphic processing unit (GPU). We focus on solving linear hyperbolic partial–differential equations where the method can be expressed as a combination of precomputed matrix multiplications becoming a good candidate to be used on the GPU hardware. Moreover, the method is arbitrarily high order involving intensive work on local data, a property that is also beneficial for the target hardware. We compare our GPU implementation against CPU versions of the same method observing similar convergence properties up to a threshold where the error remains fixed. This behavior is in agreement with the CPU version, but the threshold is slightly larger than in the CPU case. We also observe a big difference when considering single and double precisions where in the first case, the threshold error is significantly larger. Finally, we did observe a speed‐up factor in computational time that depends on the order of the method and the size of the problem. In the best case, our novel GPU implementation runs 23 times faster than the CPU version. We used three partial–differential equation to test the code considering the linear advection equation, the seismic wave equation, and the linear shallow water equation, all of them considering variable coefficients. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


We present a case of a 25 year old patient who underwent double-sided lung transplantation and suffered from recurrent pneumonia. Silent aspiration was suspected clinically. Aspiration was proved by scintigraphy enabling to discriminate between direct oro-pulmonal aspiration and aspiration after gastro-esophageal reflux.


We present the epidemic model with impulsive vaccination on age interval concerning there is age-dependent severity of infection for some diseases,and get existence of an infection-free periodic solution of the system.


This research is about the use of supplementary materials in EFL classes: a comparative analysis of public and private high schools. The purpose of this study is to find out whether or not teachers use supplementary materials, and if they are used, how pertinent, appropriate, and qualified those materials are. To achieve the objectives of the research a comparative analysis was carried out in first, second, and third senior year of a public and of a private high school located in Machala, Ecuador. The general approach of this study was Qualitative and Quantitative. The qualitative analysis examined the pertinence, appropriateness, and quality of each supplementary material employed. In addition, an analysis of learning styles was carried out in each senior year. And, the frequency of use of materials was obtained by means of the quantitative analysis. The results show that teachers use a limited amount of supplementary materials in EFL classrooms. The most utilized material was the whiteboard, due to the fact that it is a ready-to-learn tool and sometimes it was the only teaching aid available.


This paper deals with the changes in the financial arrangements which have occurred during the last ten years with reference to the financing of solid waste resource recovery facilities during this time period. Such changes are made evident in reviewing and comparing the manner in which the financial risk was distributed for certain of those projects financed during the early and mid-1970's with the manner in which risk is being allocated for projects being financed today. The paper examines the financing arrangements of specific projects in order to demonstrate how the industry has changed.


Economists have always studied economic cycles, but it was until 1946 that these were formally defined. An economic cycle refers to the fluctuations in the economy as a result of contributions by the different actors conforming it at a determined moment. Its dynamic generates diverse characteristics such as economic booms and crises in the course of time. Among these characteristics economists have observed that in a globalized world such as today´s, the interaction and correlation amongst different countries as a result of their trade flows affects economic cycles, which has promoted the need to study their synchronization. This paper aims to determine the degree of synchronization amongst Guatemala´s most important trade partners in terms of their economic growth by applying a mathematical model. Once countries with a high degree of synchronization have been identified, we then can favour policies that increase our trade flow with them; whereas if their synchronization is low, we can search for incentives to improve it. Likewise, this focus seeks to reduce the use of value judgments by using a replicable algorithm. It concludes that by using this method, along with historical validations, we can determine an economic cycle and the degree of synchronization of the trade partners under study.


Analyzing the main problems of entrepreneurship education system in local university,such as the not clear understanding of entrepreneurship education goal,construction lagging of course system in entrepreneurship education,unsoundness of entrepreneurship education guarantee system,the lack of evaluation system in entrepreneurship education.And the optimization measures establishing scientific entrepreneurship education concept,further strengthening the construction of entrepreneurship education course system,improving the entrepreneurship education guarantee system,constructing the comprehensive evaluation system of entrepreneurship education,are put forward.


Of all the medical advances made during the twentieth century, antibiotics have had the biggest impact on human health. Antibiotic are defined as natural and synthetic or semisynthetic compounds that either inhibit the growth of, or kill, living organisms. Bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit growth and reproduction of bacteria without killing them while bactericide antibiotics kill bacteria. Antibiotics are widely used to prevent and control a number of veterinary diseases, such as gastrointestinal and respiratory infections, and for growth-promoting purposes and as a prophylactic [1].


This paper reports how 188 high school students identified as gifted in science were assessed with the Misconceptions-Oriented Standards-Based Assessment Resource for Teachers (MOSART). Students enrolled in a year-long science-centered curriculum where this instrument appeared to be a means of identifying standards-aligned progress, avoiding ceiling effects and reliance on content mastery. This paper discusses two questions: 1. Is the MOSART a valid measure of conceptual understanding in gifted students? and 2. Can the MOSART be used with this population to measure growth in understanding? We present results from the physics and chemistry tests, and consider results from the earth science and astronomy tests. We also discuss refinements to administration procedures and work expanding the subject pool in the coming year. Gifted Misconceptions and MOSART 3 Assessing High School Gifted Student Progress in Science Through Misconceptions and MOSART This paper discusses a year-long project using the Misconceptions-Oriented StandardsBased Assessment Resource for Teachers (MOSART) instruments with a population of highly gifted high school students. Specialized programs for the gifted are often at a loss to find instruments that effectively assess growth in their populations. Ceiling effects from normed tests make it particularly difficult for such programs to demonstrate changes in achievement over time. The MOSART instrument measures domain-specific conceptual understanding in either chemistry, physics, earth science, or astronomy. The tests are non-computational and are also aligned to the learning standards of their respective domains. These instruments are of particular interest because all distractor answers are based on domain misconceptions that have been reported in the literature. This means that incorrect responses allow for a possible diagnostic function by linking to the underlying research. In this paper, 188 high school students attending tenth grade at a specialized secondary school for mathematics and science were administered one of the four MOSART instruments during their induction into the school, and then again at the end of their first year of instruction. Students apply to this school through a competitive process and attend from grades 10 through 12. Entering students have not only demonstrated academic achievement, but must also demonstrate ways in which they have pursued mathematics and science outside of school requirements. The class used in this paper entered the tenth grade with mean SAT scores of 652 and 587 for mathematics and critical reading, respectively (note that the assessment has been Gifted Misconceptions and MOSART 4 taken 3-4 years off-cycle), and have a prior GPA of 3.88 on a 4.0 scale. It is also important to note that students in this program do not participate in state-mandated testing. With students entering the program functioning at an extremely high level, the challenge was to find a valid means of assessing student growth in conceptual understanding of science. The first year science curriculum is based on scientific inquiry across multiple disciplines. Students enroll in two courses each semester: inquiry-based courses in either chemistry, physics, or biology, as well as a course on methods in scientific inquiry. During the second semester students take the two courses not taken in the Fall. The curriculum is aligned to national standards in each of their respective disciplines, with the understanding that students will take on increasingly independent work as they become upper-classmen. For the purposes of this study, we used the MOSART instruments for high school physics and chemistry, as well as for earth science and astronomy. Because we did not know what to anticipate in student score distributions for this instrument or what changes in their scores would occur over time, the earth science and astronomy instruments served as controls for which we would expect no student growth as these subjects were absent from the curriculum during the treatment. Instrument Viability The first goal of this study was to determine if the distribution of scores on this instrument made it useful with a population of gifted students. To determine this, each of the 188 students was randomly assigned to one of four groups (stratified by gender) corresponding to the four subject tests. The tests were given to all students during induction testing prior to the beginning of instruction. Gifted Misconceptions and MOSART 5 We found that all four MOSART instruments yielded results that were remarkably similar. Table 1 Descriptive statistics for testing prior to instruction. Total Points Possible Mean Score Mean Percent Score S.D. Chemistry 22 10.64 48.37 4.05 Physics 25 12.81 51.26 4.08 Astronomy 16 8.23 51.42 2.95 Earth Science 20 12.45 62.26 2.61 Additionally, the scores for each of the subject tests had normal distributions. Of additional interest was student reaction, many approached us asking about test answers and whether they would be graded. Given that the students had near perfect prior academic records, it is unlikely that they had experienced such low expectancy for success in the past.


Carbon is an important impurity in metalorganic molecular-beam-epitaxy-grown GaAs. CAs is a single acceptor that can be passivated by H. We describe local-density-functional cluster calculations on ...


This study aimed to determine the structure of epidermal cells and leaf stomata in Jarum, Merah, Tanduk, Kepok, and Pei or wild banana. The type of research used was quantitative to calculate the number of epidermis, epidermal cell size, number of stomata, and stomata index. Meanwhile, qualitatively described the structure of epidermal cells, epidermal cell shape, stomata shape, and stomata type of banana leaves based on the longitudinal incision method. The results showed that four accessions of bananas have epidermal cell shapes: rectangular, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagonal, and regularly length. Meanwhile, Merah have different epidermal cell shapes, namely rectangular, pentagon, hexagon, and irregular, with untidy arrangements. The stomata of the five samples are surrounded by four to six subsidiary cells and are kidney-shaped. Based on the location of the leaf surface, stomata in five banana accessions have an amphistomatic type. Pei or wild bananas have a long epidermal size compared to the other four species but have a small number of epidermis. Then, the number of stomata in all banana species differs on the upper and lower surfaces. The number of stomata is more on the lower surface of the leaves. Stomata index in all banana species is low


Road accident is one of the major problems for most communities in developing countries, where 90% of the world road accident fatalities occur (WHO, 2009), which require serious attention in searching for preventive measures to minimize this problem. The traffic accident data in developing countries are just merely statistics which will not lead to further analyses and detailed studies. A section of highway of 20.5km in western province, Sri Lanka, was subdivided into approximately 200m segments and considered for this case study. Black spots were identified using three accident indices: (i) Accident Rate, (ii) Accident Frequency and (iii) Accident Severity. The study attempted to identify the relationship among Number of accidents (Y), Average Daily Traffic Flow in thousands (X1), Commercial Land Use Area in Square kilometers (X2), Binary variable to represent the vicinity of intersection (X3; if yes:=1, else:=0). The following relationship was found: Y=(-6.54)+0.23X1+0.94X2+12.89X3 where R-Sq=52.3%, R-Sq(adj)=51.0%, Std.err=11.61.


The invention provides a method for preparing a potash fertilizer and building material products from white alkali-making mud. The method comprises the following steps of: blending 20 to 70 mass percent of the white alkali-making mud, 20 to 70 mass percent of potassium ore and 0.3 to 15 mass percent of additive; performing ball-milling on the mixture to prepare block bodies and drying the block bodies; allowing the block bodies to enter a high-temperature furnace to calcine at the temperature of between 950 and 1,100 DEG C; dissolving the obtained calcined substances in water after the complete reaction; concentrating and crystallizing soluble substances to prepare the potash fertilizer; after filtering, adding activated clay into insoluble substances and mixing uniformly; and compressing, molding and performing steam curing to produce the building material products. The method solves the problems of bulk deposition of the white alkali-making mud and environmental pollution, so the method has the advantages of simple process, less investment of equipment, low cost and wide application prospect, wherein the equipment is the conventional and standard equipment.


Solving problems of the present invention, the ice crystallization inhibitor having an excellent ice crystallization inhibiting activity sensible, in a secure process available for food production, easily, efficiently, and to provide low cost. The first method for producing a plant extract containing ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention, the step of drying the plants containing ice crystallization inhibitor; and extracted ice crystallization inhibitor from dried plant characterized in that it comprises a step of. The second method for producing a plant extract containing ice crystallization inhibitor according to the present invention includes the steps of extracting the ice crystallization inhibitor from plants; and extracts the step of treating the adsorbent characterized in that it contains.


PURPOSE
The study goal was to define the positive predictive value (PPV) for the diagnosis of disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with the use of high-resolution ultrasonography (HR-US).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The HR-US reports for 29 patients aged 19 to 62 years who had a prospective clinical diagnosis of TMJ internal derangement were correlated with magnetic resonance results.

RESULTS
For the prospective HR-US interpretation, the PPV for disc displacement was 97% at the closed-mouth position and 88% at the maximum-mouth opening position.

CONCLUSION
The PPV for the HR-US diagnosis of disc displacement is high.


Flourensia ilici/olia Brandegee (Compositae), previously known only from southern Coahuila, Mexico, is here recorded for the sierra El Sarnoso, in southeastern Durango. A key for identification of Flourensia from Coahuila and Durango is presented.


During the last five years, development of Geant4 hadronic physics models has been driven largely by the anticipated turn-on of the LHC detectors and the subsequent comparison of new data with the simulated detector responses. Work has concentrated on three main areas: hadronic model improvement, validation, and studies of calorimeter response and test beam data. We will discuss developments in high energy string models, intra-nuclear cascade models, precompound and de-excitation models, and elastic scattering, all of which are currently used in the simulation of LHC experiments. The development of an extensive collection of ongoing validations against data will also be discussed. Such validation suites cover the energy range of a few tens of MeV to a few hundreds of GeV, and have guided the development of various models mentioned above. Finally we discuss direct comparisons to test beam data from ATLAS and CMS. These include shower shape parameters, energy deposit in several types of real and simulated calorimeters, and a set of tests developed to evaluate the behavior of various Geant4 physics lists in the crucial transition region between cascade and high energy string models.


To support high speed communication and largest system capacity,A downlink MIMO-OFDM model based D-STTD is pro-posed.Assuming that the channel state information at the mobile receiver side was known,a algorithm about inverse matrix is pro-posed,inverse size of 4N×4N matrix can be obtained by getting the inverse of N matrices of 4×4 gotten by decomposing it,so that the complexity of computation and receiver has been decreased.At last,Through the simulation,this article analyses the downlink performance in the frequency selective channels and the correlative channels.


Given groups G1 and G2,a mapping f:G1→ G2 is said to be a generalized homomorphism from G1 to G2 if for any a,b in G1,either(ab)f=afbf or(ab)f=bfaf.By using the concept of generalized homomorphism,we uniformly deal with homomorphisms and anti-homomorphisms in a unified view and obain some related results,which uncover the relation between the generalized automorphisms and the structure of finite groups in a way.


Graft copolymers of acrylonitrile on kenaf fibers were obtained in an aqueous medium by the use of allyl alcohol and allyl chloride in combination with ceric ion as redox pairs. The graft copolymerization reactions showed distinct features that were associated with different initiating species derived from the redox pairs. For a cericallyl-chloride-initiated reaction, a minimum graft yield was observed, accompanied by an enhanced graft yield. This suggested the existence of two kinetically controlled grafting reactions arising from two different initiating species. For the ceric-allyl-alcohol-initiated reaction, the grafting profile showed a maximum yield and suggested the presence of one active initiating species. High concentrations of acrylonitrile were favorable to grafting with values of up to 150%, but they also resulted in decreased efficiency in monomer conversion to grafted polymer. The frequency of grafting increased with the concentration of allyl alcohol but the molecular weight of grafted polymer of up to 4.46 x 10 4 decreased by a factor of one and half over the concentration range 1.8-9.0 x 10 -4 M of the latter. The presence of 10% (v/v) N,N'-dimethylformamide resulted in zero graft, but the same vol % of formic acid had no apparent effect on the graft yield. A negative temperature dependence in the graft yield was found in the temperature range of 50-70°C.


Heavy runoff from watersheds affects lowland streams in two general ways. Either a stream experiences spates (increased forward velocity and scouring of stream bottoms) or it becomes inundated by waters from larger rivers, causing the stream to be backflooded. This study shows how these features affect the abundances and distributions of two Costa Rican species of stream-inhabiting predaceous waterbugs, Limnocoris insularis Champion and Cryphocricos latus Usinger (Naucoridae). Backflooding in the Sura was found to have no subsequent effect on the abundances or distribution of either species. But in the Sabalo, which spates, nymphal populations of L. insularis significantly decrease after a spate because of loss of numbers and loss of previous habitat. During severe spates, adults of both species can be washed out, causing abundances to remain low for several months to periods >1 yr. Abundances of nymphs and adults of C. latus are associated with fast current speeds, large rocks, and coarse-grained pebbles. These sorts of habitats are found in both streams. Even though C. latus is more common in the Sabalo than is L. insularis, abundances of adults of the former species fluctuate more in the stream that spates than in the stream that does not, owing both to a high washout rate and to a slow recolonization rate. The basic pattern of distribution is explained by the difference between the flooding characteristics of the two streams.


The changing landscape of high performance computing (HPC) hardware and applications poses a constant challenge to operating system architects. In this paper, we assess operating system evolution on the basis of several key factors related to system call functionality. Results are presented for Linux and Linux-like lightweight kernels. Comparisons are made with several other operating systems employed in high performance computing environments including AIX, HP-UX, OpenSolaris, and FreeBSD. Results are provided in tabular form. To our knowledge, this is the first such compilation of system call trends.


The invention discloses an agglutination test interpretation method. The method comprises the steps of firstly, performing image preprocessing to obtain a digital image of an agglutination test result, and processing brightness and contrast parameters of a picture; secondly, detecting a boundary of an agglutination test region of the picture on a computer vision platform by adopting a "Hough Transfom" extraction algorithm, and after the boundary is extracted, further performing boundary extraction according to color distribution to obtain a histogram of the extracted picture; thirdly, extracting a sample in the boundary of the agglutination test region; fourthly, extracting a sample picture according to an obtained threshold; fifthly, filtering image noises of the sample picture to obtain a sample image; sixthly, extracting agglutination reaction spots in the sample image and calculating the number of the agglutination reaction spots and an area; and finally, giving a level that the sample belongs to according to the obtained number of the agglutination reaction spots and area. According to the agglutination test interpretation method provided by the invention, by adopting imageology and computer image processing as means, the reliability of agglutination test interpretation is greatly improved and the randomness of human eye observation is reduced.


Urban Air Mobility (UAM), as envisioned by researchers and practitioners, will be achieved through the use of highly automated aircraft that operate and transport passengers and cargo at low altitudes within urban and suburban areas. To operate in complex urban environment, precise air traffic management, in particular the management of traffic overflows due to operational disruptions will be critical to ensuring system safety and efficiency. To this end, we propose a methodology for the design of UAM networks with reserve capacity, i.e., a design where alternative landing options and flight corridors are explicitly considered as a means of improving contingency management and reducing risk. Similar redundancy considerations are incorporated in the design of many critical infrastructures, yet remain unexploited in the air transportation literature. In our methodology, we first model how disruptions to a given on-demand UAM network might impact on the nominal traffic flow and how this flow might be re-accommodated on an extended network with reserve capacity. Then, through an optimization problem, we select the locations and capacities for the backup vertiports with the maximal expected throughput of the extended network over all possible disruption scenarios, while the throughput is the maximal amount of flights that the network can accommodate per unit of time. We show that we can obtain the solution for the corresponding bi-level and bi-linear optimization problem by solving a mixed-integer linear program. We demonstrate our methodology in the case study using networks from Milwaukee, Atlanta, and Dallas--Fort Worth metropolitan areas and show how the throughput and flexibility of the UAM networks with reserve capacity can outcompete those without.


This paper explains that the frequency converter supplies water and controls the application instance in the way in the constant voltage of casting machine of the shaft, and the situation analysis of energy consumption.


Present day knowledge about public sector reforms in Asia is quite scattered and seldom focuses on the challenges of leadership. This book seeks to address this issue by presenting country cases that reflect the great diversity of the region.


The feral sheep of Ile Longue, Kerguelen Archipelago, reproduce twice a year, in summer and winter lambing seasons. We studied effects of birth season on lamb growth (body mass for both sexes and horn length for males) during 3 consecutive years. Lambs of the summer cohort (January-February) grew rapidly during the 3 months following birth, ceased growth during winter (May-September), and resumed growth in spring. Growth was slow during the first 2 months of life for the winter cohort (July-August); winter lambs were lighter than summer lambs at the same age. By the end of winter, when environmental conditions improved, rapid growth of winter lambs allowed them to compensate for their mass deficit. Female lambs tended to be heavier than males early in life, but males achieved greater body mass by the 5th month of age. Significantly larger body mass of males versus females occurred earlier in the winter cohort than the summer cohort. These results suggest that sexual dimorphism may be limited under unfavorable conditions and sexes may allocate energy for growth differently.


In the globalization era, many countries try to engage more in the international trade to be part of global networks. International trade is believed can be triggered by enlarging country's production of scale. Foreign investment is expected to be one of ways to improve it. Thus, developing countries, such as Indonesia, try to attract more FDI inflow. Intra industry trade (IIT) is a form of international trade measuring export and import in the same categorize of industry. High degree of IIT means a country has strong integration with partner's country. This study tries to examine the relationship between manufacturing FDI in Indonesia and bilateral IIT between Indonesia and each Japan, China, and ASEAN-9, especially in the industry level. The result shows that not all FDI in all industries have positive and significant relationship with intra industry trade. For example, FDI in paper-based goods, and printing industry has positive association and statistically significant with IIT between Indonesia and Japan as well as Indonesia and China. Moreover, FDI in metal, except machinery, and equipment has positive and statistically significant with IIT between Indonesia with both China and ASEAN-9. The relationship of FDI and intra industry trade differs across location and industries.


Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) techniques have been recently described for simultaneous multiparameter cartilage mapping of the knee although investigation of their ability to detect early cartilage degeneration remains limited.


Addition of a small amount of nitrates in blood culture media enhances growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and permits earliest detection of that bacteria even in anaerobes media.


Palatine is a cranial bone very less studied in comparative veterinary anatomy. In our study, we performed the comparison of this bone between sheep (Ovis aries L., 1758) and goat (Capra hircus L., 1758), from a sample of 36 and 17 skulls respectively, using methods of geometric morphology. A total of 32 points (4 landmarks and 28 semi-landmarks) were chosen to analyse the horizontal lamina of the palatine bone. Statistically significant differences were reflected for both size and shape. Capra denotes a clear lateral expansion of the bone and rostral and a central contraction, with a relative approach of palatine foramina, while in Ovis foramina are more laterally distant. In our view, this greater width of the horizontal lamina in Capra would be explained by a greater capacity to rub the food compared to Ovis.