The accuracy of a conformal sensor for biomedical imaging is assessed. This imaging sensor is used to extract the electric properties of deep human tissues It operates at 10 MHz and consists of 20 individual probes for detecting vicinity electric fields. Each probe can be excited independently while the others are in the receive mode. Received data are used to determine the coefficients of a linear representation expressing the permittivity of the underlying tissues at a given depth This paper addresses the sensor's accuracy by carrying out numerical studies using: (a) a multi-layer planar model of the human torso with ideal dipole excitations, and (b) a multi-layer cylindrical model of the human torso using actual resonating dipole elements. It was concluded that accuracies better than 2% for the planar and 12% for the cylindrical model can be achieved.


The special design features of Ningxia Zhongning Power Plant are being explained.The boiler is fitted with whirl burners,developed by ourselves,inserted in the furnace's front and back wall,opposing each other.Some mearsures in design of the boiler proper and the arrangement of the burners are elucidated. Performance tests and actual operation have demonstrated the design to be a success.Figs 6,tables 2 and ref 1.


A review of relevant existing experimental methods to evaluate so-called kinetic non-lethal weapons is presented. Next performance tests of two existing non-lethal weapon systems are shown and compared with other projectiles. Tissue simulants and an accurate determination of their physical properties are important to improve evaluation methods of non-lethal projectiles. Knowledge of physical properties is necessary to allow the physical modelling of the human body and interaction with projectiles. Presumably, for this purpose plasticine (clay), soap and gelatine are relevant tissue simulants. The present status of knowledge in this field is discussed. In addition, expectations and possibilities for the future are discussed.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:With a combination of factors including global warming and lake eutrophication, mass proliferation of cyanobacteria and release of cyanotoxins including Microcystins (MCs...


BACKGROUND :
There is a paucity of data from developing countries about job stress, satisfaction and burnout among doctors. This problem has multiple economic, psychological and physical consequences.
METHODS :
Consenting medical and surgical teaching faculty of a large, private, faith-based, charitable, teaching hospital in India completed questionnaires assessing the prevalence and sources of job stress and satisfaction, and coping with stress; the Maslach Burnout Inventory; the General Health Questionnaire- 12 item version; the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy; and a question assessing the extent to which their work was influenced by their religious or spiritual beliefs. This was compared to a previous study done in the institution using the same instruments.
RESULTS :
Of 304 respondents (58% of faculty), high job stress was reported by 31%. 70.4% of faculty reported high levels of job satisfaction; deriving intellectual stimulation from teaching and a high level of responsibility were contributory. Causes of stress and satisfaction differed by age, gender and designation.
High levels of Emotional Exhaustion were evident in 29%, Depersonalization in 21%, and low levels of Personal Accomplishment in 30%. High empathy scores correlated with high scores on Emotional Exhaustion. Religious or spiritual beliefs strongly influencing one's attitudes to work were significantly associated with lower emotional exhaustion. High scores for mental distress correlated significantly with all indicators of burnout.
Job stress had significantly increased and job satisfaction had significantly decreased when compared with the previous study done in the institution. Burnout levels did not show significant change.
CONCLUSIONS :
This cross sectional survey can provide information which could be used to structure large scale medical institutions in a way that minimizes work related stress and risks of burnout.


Objective: To compare the quality of life (QOL) for gynecologic cancer patients with different cancer sites and to assess the impact of patients' characteristics, disease parameters, and treatments on the subscale and overall QOL. Methods: A prospective study was conducted including 146 gynecologic cancer patients. QOL data were collected using the general Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT- G) QOL questionnaire. Results: Advanced stage patients showed significantly poor physical well-being, emotional well-being, and functional well-being, as compared with early stage patients. QOL was reported higher in older patients (P=0.03), patients above high school education (P=0.004), and patients with help at home (P=0.009). Conclusion: Patients with later stage, multi- modality therapy, poor education, and little social support have the most significant impairments and need more support.


The election of Jair Bolsonaro to the Brazilian presidency in 2018 shocked the world. Renowned for his conservative views and accused by many of defending fascist ideology, Bolsonaro ran as the candidate for the previously insignificant Social Liberal Party (PSL), as part of a coalition calling itself "Brazil Above Everything, God Above All." This coalition was formed by the PSL and another small party, the Brazilian Labor Renewal Party (PRTB), with which Bolsonaro's vice president, General Mourão, is affiliated.


The demand for higher precision measurements in Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) continues to grow, which drives the technical development of next generation international VLBI stations called the VLBI Global Observing System (VGOS). Up to now, there are several VGOS stations in the world. China also has built China's VGOS station in Shanghai. The TM VGOS telescope is a new station with a diameter of 13.2 meters and a ring-focus sub-reflector, which works in the 3-14 Ghz range with dual-linear polarization to provide VGOS capability. In this paper we present the estimated performance, focusing on the achievable system equivalent flux density (SEFD) which is an important indicator of the antenna receiving system. In addition the measurement results and method of SEFD of the antenna system are introduced.


Trends in the tax revenues of five Western nations from 1900 to 1978 are examined. As tax revenues have increased from 10 to 40 percent of gross national product (GNP), indirect taxes have proportionately declined, displaced by social insurance and direct taxes. More of the tax burden is being paid by employers; sales and value-added taxes have become more important among indirect taxes; income taxes have displaced wealth taxes among the direct tax forms. Changes in tax administration, economic impact, and the politics of taxation are examined as possible limitations on the further growth of taxation and economic management by taxation. It is argued that the marked increase in the tax/GNP ratio cannot be regarded as having a proportionate impact on the ability of governments to manage economic performance by taxes.


Abstract According to the current guidelines, in Germany type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is diagnosed by the criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ADA). Using HbA1c as a screening parameter of T2DM has not been accepted by the ADA until now because of insufficient standardisation and low sensitivity. Nevertheless, since recently published investigations could prove high sensitivity and specificity, HbA1c will gain more attention as a screening parameter. We discuss the meaning of HbA1c as a screening parameter for T2DM and as a predictor of disease progress.


The most commonly used penalty in branch and bound approaches to integer programming is the Driebeek--Tomlin penalty. It has been used successfully in solving fixed cost linear programs by Kennington and Unger and by Barr, Glover and Klingman. It is well known that the Driebeek--Tomlin penalty can be derived from a Lagrangean relaxation of the integer programming problem. We show, however, that the Lagrangean relaxation for fixed cost problems not only yields the Driebeek--Tomlin penalty, but two penalties which sometimes dominate it. We show the strength of the new penalties by solving a series of text problems and comparing the number of nodes generated on the branch and bound tree and the total computer time needed to solve each problem.


The integrated leakage detection and repair strategy for the leakage control using district metered area(DMA) was proposed.The DMA leakage control processes were developed and perfected,the supporting incentives and measures were taken,and the purpose to reduce the non-revenue water(NRW) was achived.483 leakage points were detected in 100 DMAs,water saving volume was 960 m3/h,NRW was reduced by 1.92%,and the average loss rate of DMA was decreased by 27.4%.


Abstract Small TCP flows make up the majority of web flows. For them, the TCP three-way handshake induces significant delay overhead. The TCP Fast Open (TFO) protocol can significantly decrease this delay via zero round-trip time (0-RTT) handshakes for all TCP handshakes that follow a full initial handshake to the same host. However, this comes at the cost of privacy limitations and also has some performance limitations. In this paper, we investigate the TFP deployment on popular websites and browsers. We found that a client revisiting a web site for the first time fails to use an abbreviated TFO handshake in 40% of all cases due to web server load-balancing using multiple IP addresses. Our analysis further reveals significant privacy problems of the protocol design and implementation. Network-based attackers and online trackers can exploit TFO to track the online activities of users. As a countermeasure, we introduce a novel protocol called TCP Fast Open Privacy (FOP). TCP FOP prevents tracking by network attackers and impedes third-party tracking, while still allowing 0-RTT handshakes as in TFO. As a proof-of-concept, we have implemented the proposed protocol for the Linux kernel and a TLS library. Our measurements indicate that TCP FOP outperforms TLS over TFO when websites are served from multiple IP addresses.


In this article, we consider a method for producing a polymer composite material based on an epoxy matrix. Complex mechanical and technological testing of the composite was carried out. Based on the analysis of mechanical and technological properties, it is recommended to make the flooring of passenger carriages from the polymer composite material.


In the title compound, [MnCl2(C6H18N3OP)], the MnII atom, on a twofold rotation axis, is bonded to two O atoms from two symmetry-related hexamethylphosphosphoramide (HMPA) ligands and two Cl atoms in a distorted tetrahedral configuration.


The objectives of this were research to study FB implementation and attitudes in developing English writing skills of the first year students program in EIC academic year 1/2014 at RMUTI, Surin Campus. The Purposive sampling was designed for data collecting. There were 53 students studying of the first year program in EIC academic year 1/2014 at RMUTI, Surin Campus. The instruments for this research were questionnaires. The data analysis was analyzed by the Descriptive statistics to find out the value of the frequency and percentage.


A single-span and two-story frame specimen with reinforced beam ends has been tested under low-frequency cyclic loading. Based on the test results, the failure patterns, hysteretic behaviors, energy dissipation and deformation ability were analyzed. The results showed that the failure mode of the test specimen was ductility. Plastic hinges appeared at the changing point of the beam cross section far away from the beam-column joint. Hysteretic curve of the frame was full and the whole ductility coefficient was enough higher than 4.4 under horizontal low-cyclic loading. It can be concluded that the energy dissipation and the deformation ability are both better. So the whole steel frame connected with reinforced beam ends has good seismic performance. And the requirements of anti-seismic ability can be satisfied.


There is increasing concern to determine an alternative coagulant for treating industrial effluent with minimal environmental impact and operational cost. In this study, iron (II) sulphate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O) waste, an industrial byproduct from a titanium oxide processing industry, was used as a coagulant for the removal of ammonia (NH3), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and suspended solid (SS) from secondary rubber processing effluent (SRPE). The highest percentage removal of BOD, COD, SS, and NH3 achieved was approximately 97%, 99%, 98%, and 95%, respectively, at pH 5.0, coagulant dose of 1 g/L, coagulation time of 60 min, sedimentation time of 60 min, and at an elevated temperature of 70 °C. The best described adsorption isotherm model was found to be the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) model, indicated that the FeSO4·7H2O adsorption took placed on the surface of iron hydroxide precipitates with multilayer formation and random distribution. The kinetics analysis showed that the adsorption mechanism was well fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The findings of the present study show that the FeSO4·7H2O waste has the potential to be used as a coagulant for the treatment of industrial effluents, including the secondary rubber processing effluent.


The proposed linked-cluster multichannel lightwave network interconnects clusters of shufflenet by a shufflenet backbone. Two routing strategies are considered. In one case, store-and-forward routing is used for routing packets within the cluster (intra-cluster traffic) as well as between the clusters (inter-cluster traffic). In the other routing scheme (hybrid) employed, packets within each cluster are routed using hot-potato routing whereas store- and-forward routing is used for routing the packets between the clusters. The network performance is evaluated both analytically and by simulation. For both the routing schemes, the linked-cluster network is found to perform better than the unclustered network of the same size, when the inter-cluster activity is low. The network with store-and-forward routing for both inter-cluster and intra-cluster traffic offers better throughput and delay performance than the one with hybrid routing, whereas hybrid scheme with hot-potato routing for intra-cluster traffic permits higher packet transmission speed.


Nowadays about 400 [1] solar cooling air-conditioning systems are installed throughout Europe. There are many research papers referring to theoretical studies but the information of experimental studies in this kind of installations is scarce. This paper describes a solar absorption cooling installation based on the performance of an absorption chiller. The installation is located in the University of Zaragoza (Spain). The solar cooling system consists mainly of 37,5 m2 of flat plate collector, a 4,5 kW, single effect, LiBr-H2O rotary absorption chiller and a dry cooler tower to cool the absorption cycle. The installation provides cooling to a gymnasium belonging to the sports center of the University. To carry out the installation analyses, the system was continuously monitored. In the last three years, 2007, 2008 and 2009, several studies have been carried out in order to analyze the full system operation. The measured data results of the installation show the strong influence of the cooling water temperature and the generator driving temperature on the COP. Due to this experimental evidence of the influence of the cooling water temperature, a geothermal sink for heat rejection system has been installed and studied. The installation with this new configuration started to work this year.


This paper examines the background and application of millimetre wave radar technology to control and direct the material mix introduced to refill large underground voids. In addition it documents the use of radars for surface mine visualisation to produce images of the bucket fill on large rope shovels and on draglines to help reconcile dig volumes and to specify dig and fill surface profiles.


The purpose of this study is to theoretically evaluate the impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (e.g., machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL)) on English education in South Korea. Few studies have investigated to what extent ML/DL technologies have instructional potential for Korean English learners' development of English proficiency. To this end, this study deals with the four research issues by extensively reviewing previous literature on computer science and SLA theories. First, this study introduces several well-known concepts and architectures of ML/DL for the following discussions. Second, the study critically examines the opinions of those who claim that recent progress in machine translation can dramatically reduce the need for foreign language learning. Third, this study highlights the significance of basic communicative competence in English learning contexts in South Korea, which―as specified by the components and principles of construction grammar―enables Korean English learners to generate sentence-level utterances without resorting to memorized formulaic expressions. Finally, this study presents three types of English learning applications built upon ML/DL techniques whose validities are evaluated from a perspective of basic communicative competence. As a final remark, this study suggests that ML/DL techniques guided by the principles and components of construction grammar should be applied to Korean English learning contexts as a way to develop their basic communicative competence in English.


The paper studies process mineralogy about the iron sands ore in Marcoan region of western coast in Peru.The study results show that the grade of iron sand are TFe 5.5%、MFe 1.41%、Ti 0.54%.The main metal mineral is titanomagnetite,the mineral composition of the magnetite is the important concentration index.In original iron sand,the mineral liberation degree of magnetite is about 85%,the no dissociation of magnetite is mostly attachment with gangue mineral.The iron sand need be grinding if we want to get high grade iron concentrate.According to the content of gangue mineral is 5% in iron ore concentrate.Towards this type of sand ore,the grade of iron ore concentrate can only reach 64.06% in theory.The study provides some references for economic evaluation of this type of iron ore deposit.


The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for searching base station support in a device to device (D2D) wireless communication system for executing direct communication between the devices. A base station support searching method of a terminal in the wireless communication system of the present invention comprises the steps of broadcasting a searching signal in a terminal searching signal transmission section, of identifying whether a base station receives the searching signal, and of transmitting the searching signal to the base station when the base station does not receive the searching signal. According to the present invention, the method and the apparatus mitigate a problem caused by the collision between the resources in the D2D wireless communication system for executing the direct communication between the devices and reduce the power consumption of the device.


Purpose: To study the relationship between involvement in student activities and self-development of nursing students. Design: Descriptive research design. Methods: Questionnaires were used to evaluate 280 third-year and fourth-year students in the academic year 2007. The research instrument was a questionnaire which composed of three parts as follows: general record, involvement in student activities and self assessment based on Chickering's theory. Data were analyzed by using percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Main findings: The results showed that the overall involvement in student activities score was at a moderate level. The overall self-development of nursing students score was at a high level. The involvement in student activities score was statistically positively correlated to overall self-development of Nursing students score at a low level (r = .41, p < .001). Developing Competence had a moderate relationship (r = .55, p < .001). While Developing Purpose, Developing Integrity, Developing Mature Interpersonal Relationships had low relationships (r = .35, r = .34, r = .33, p < .001) respectively. Grade point of average (GPA) had no relationships to self-development of nursing students. Conclusion and recommendations: The involvement in student activities helped to promote many vectors of self-development of nursing students. There should be collaboration between the educational department of Bachelor 's degree of Nursing science and students affairs to provide time, and support the involvement in student activities.


A new notion called a tail measure is proposed to measure the dependence on extremes of stochastic processes or random fields with regularly varying tails. A tail measure is an infinitedimensional extension of a family of Radon limiting measures of the regular variation. These measures essentially have structure similar to that of Lévy measures of infinitely divisible processes. A tail measure can be seen, in a sense, to encompass related notions such as extremograms (Davis and Mikosch (2009)) and tail processes (Basrak and Segers (2009)). In addition, focusing on a certain class of stationary infinitely divisible processes, we relate the ergodic properties, described by the positive-null decomposition, to the properties of the probability laws of those processes.


Objective To investigate the effect of Iodine 125 seeds short time low dose rate irradiation on perineural invasion (PNI) in pancreatic cancer Capan-2 cells,and explore its molecular mechanism.Methods The co-culture model was established by co-culturing the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of SD rat and Capzn-2 cells line,while Capan-2 culture model and DRG culture model was also established.Iodine 125 seeds short time low dose rate irradiation tablet was used for the 3 models,and the model without irradiation was used as control.Cancer cell and DRG growth was observed under inverted microscopy,surface of neurite and cell colony growth was determined by image analysis software.The concentration of nerve growth factor (NGF),transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) in cell culture supernatant and matrigel solution was tested by ELISA,and the expression of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) mRNA was detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results In the co-culture model,neurite of DRG showed a direction to cancer cells and had a concentrated growth towards cancer cells.And Capan-2 cells formed more colonies towards neurite.However,in irradiation groups,the symbiotic phenomenon was inhibited to some degree.Increased surface of neurite in co-culture model at 5th day was 290.15 ± 12.08,which was significantly higher than that in DRG group (124.83 ± 6.96,P < 0.01),but the surface of neurite was decreased to 201.53 ± 12.20 after irradiation (P <0.01).Increased surface of Capan-2 cell was 300.47 ± 12.99,which was significantly higher than that in Capan-2 group (199.30 ± 8.60,P < 0.01),but the surface of Capan-2 was decreased to 202.35 ± 7.97 after irradiation (P < 0.01).NT-3 mRNA was seldom or not expressed in supernatant of co-culture model,but it was strongly expressed (0.68 ± 0.04) after irradiation (P < 0.05).The concentration of NGF and TGF-α in supernatant of co-culture model were (27.56 ± 13.73),(40.86 ± 20.73) ng/ml,after irradiation they were increased to (94.98 ± 33.80),(157.54 ± 83.76) ng,/ml,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05 or <0.01).The concentration of NGF and TGF-α in matrigel lysate of co-culture model were (60.42 ± 33.03),(64.39 ± 21.52)ng/ml,after irradiation they were increased to (132.52 ±53.01),(138.38 ±83.58)ng/ml,and the difference of NGF concentration between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusions Iodine-125 seeds short-time low-dose rate irradiation could inhibit interactions between nerve and Capan-2 cells,and the mechanism may be related to up-regulation of cancer cells perineural invasion promoter NGF,TGF-α and NT-3.

Key words:
Pancreatic neoplasms ;  Iodine isotopes ;  Low-level irradiation ;  Neoplasm invasiveness


Abstract The presenter will discuss strategies for using intersectionality as a theoretical lens in her Perspectives on Aging class in order to support students to understand the relevance of aging studies—including health and social disparities in aging—for their contemporary lived lives, as well as for prior generations. With this relevance established, the class also examines the significance and justification for the development of policy, such as Social Security legislation, as well as the need for aging-related career areas. The presenter will discuss the application of key course resources, including research that looks at aging in historic contexts, as well as content highlighting the importance of Age Friendliness and the diversity of career areas to support Age Friendliness and more optimal aging experiences overall. Examining historic roots of aging-related experiences in social contexts creates an informative platform for understanding experiences of aging in society today.


General Comment on Classics,an important work written by ZHU Ziqing,was published sixty years ago.And this present article makes a fairly detailed exposition of general comment on classics on such aspects:"clear narrating clues","copious quotations and wellcontained allusions",and"colloquial and humorous language",etc.Then the writer points out the value of General Comment on Classics lies in the popularization of classics and the inheritance of Chinese culture.


There is a need to understand Workplace Based Assessment programs in Australia to improve future offerings. This paper evaluates the efficacy of a Workplace Based Assessment program at a single regional Australian healthcare location using a mixed-method approach to collect data from three sources. Tools included Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise, case-based discussion and in-training assessment, and structured face-to-face interviews with eighteen key-stakeholders. The Workplace Based Assessment program itself was evaluated against a number of indicators, including the psychometric properties assessed by each of the tools used. In addition, the adequacy of the current program and specifically the tools used within it to determine the clinical competence and safety of International Medical Graduates was examined. Lastly, satisfaction of key-stakeholders with program preparation and usability of tools was investigated. The results indicate that the tools currently used within the Workplace Based Assessment program continue to be reliable, and assessors are assessing International Medical Graduates with a high degree of consistency across the program. In addition, this study found that both International Medical Graduates and assessors remain satisfied with regard to confidence, usability and user perception of the current Workplace Based Assessment methods to provide a more meaningful experience for those being assessed. Overall, this evaluation provides insights into the current Workplace Based Assessment program and makes recommendations for future improvements. These include clearer program guidelines; greater opportunities for support of International Medical Graduates, feedback for and further training of assessors.


The existence and development of modern society require significant amounts of available energy. Combustion engines are the main sources of heat. Their operation is accompanied by the formation of large volumes of emissions, which have different temperatures and contain harmful substances ejected into the environment. Therefore, the urgent problem today is the reduction in heat emissions. This might be achieved through a reduction in the amount of these pollutants by improving primary heat engines, converting to new, alternative types of fuel, and at the same time, to carbon-free fuel. However, such measures only reduce the temperature level of waste heat but not its volume. Conventional technologies for the utilization of heat emissions are ineffective for using heat with temperatures below 500 K. Thermoacoustic technologies can be used to convert such low-temperature heat emissions into mechanical work or electricity. This article is focused on analyzing the possibilities of improving the thermoacoustic engines of energy-saving systems through the rational organization of thermoacoustic energy conversion processes. An original mathematical model of energy exchange between the internal elements of thermoacoustic engines is developed. It is shown that the use of recuperative heat exchangers in thermoacoustic engines leads to a decrease in their efficiency by 10–30%. From the research results, new methods of increasing the efficiency of low-temperature engines of energy-saving systems are proposed.


I want to express my deepest sympathy and gratitude to Juan Lopez-Aranguren Blazquez, Manuel Polanco Perez-Llantada, Ruben Lorenzo Montero and Alberto Nanclares (Basurama); Manuel Palacio and Aurora Adalid (Zuloark); Diego Peris (Todo por la Praxis); Jacobo Garcia Fouz and Jorge Martin (El Campo de Cebada). Tomas Sanchez Criado read a first draft of this essay, and his comments and suggestions provided much-needed direction and finesse. With characteristic wit and lucidity, Morten Nielsen engaged with an early draft of the text and invited me to rethink the scales, the structure, and the temporalities of an argument that was, up to that point, hardly recursive itself. Marilyn Strathern dazzled the text with her usual generosity as she reassured me that there was indeed scope for auto-dazzling our languages of description of the city. I would also like to express my appreciation to the Cultural Anthropology editorial collective for their critical encouragement and support throughout the editorial process. The final text has benefited enormously from the generous and attentive reading of reviewers and editors. If I leave for the end my mention of Adolfo Estalella, it is only in recognition of his magisterial role in the intellectual and methodological auto-construction of our joint ethnographic journey through Madrid during these past years


It analyzed the advantage and disadvantage of antenna structure comparing A-E two axis with A-E-C three axis in shipboard satellite communications system,and introduced the reason of "Secant Compensation" and "tracking blind district" and the solution of "Secant Compensation" in detail.By resolving the ship motion and analyzing coordinates translation,it put forward the relation of antenna structure comparing A-E two axis with A-E-C three axis and the reason why A-E-C three axis can solve "tracking blind district".


Experiments have been performed in which multimegawatt, frequency-tunable, microwave radiation has been generated in the K-band and X band by means of cyclotron maser mechanisms on intense electron beams with microsecond pulse lengths. Two long-pulse, intense electron beam accelerators were used. Initial experiments have been performed using a generator with parameters: voltage=0.4 Mv, current=1 kA, and pulse length=0.3-0.4 mu s. Over 3 MW of K-band microwave radiation, magnetically tunable from 14 through 15.5 GHz, have been generated. The frequency of this radiation corresponds to the CARM forward wave interaction. In the same experiments, megawatt-level X-band radiation, magnetically tunable from 10 to 12 GHz, was observed. The frequency of this emission indicates that it originates from the cyclotron maser backward wave interaction or absolute instability. Microwave pulse lengths of 0.1 to 0.2 mu s were generated in these initial experiments.<<ETX>>


India is still by far the major producer of various fruit crops, but its relative share in the world production has been gradually declining. Alternate bearer fruit cultivars present a serious economic problem to fruit growers. An alternate bearing plant is the one that does not bear a regular crop year-after-year; rather heavy yields are followed by extremely light yield. This complex phenomenon could be solved by transcriptome analysis resulted in numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs), allowing the partial identification of mechanisms that convert 'on' into 'off' buds. Several candidate genes would be identified in future studies whose differential expression can be correlated with growth habit and architectural variation in another perennial fruit crops. The information generated will be utilized for identification of potential parents, desired hybrids in early nursery stage, thus would assist breeders by bringing precision breeding and also make available fruits during off years.


The genetic basis of susceptibility to prostate cancer (PRCA) remains elusive. Mutations in BRCA2 have been associated with increased prostate cancer risk and account for around 2% of young onset (<56 years) prostate cancer cases. PALB2 is a recently identified breast cancer susceptibility gene whose protein is closely associated with BRCA2 and is essential for BRCA2 anchorage to nuclear structures. This functional relationship made PALB2 a candidate PRCA susceptibility gene.


The resource and technological basis for sustainable development became the key topic of the XVIII International Russian-Chinese Expert Forum held on June 15-16, 2021 as part of the Russia-China Cross Year of Innovation and Technology (2020-2021). The program of the event included reports by scientists from Russia, China, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan, who raised the issues of achieving sustainable development goals, introducing technological innovations, improving cooperation between our countries within the framework of the international project "Dialogue partnership as a factor of stability and integration" ("Bridge between West and East "). Fruitful discussions and exchange of experience took place, and plans for further cooperation were outlined.


The concern for the home to play a more active and complementary role in promoting quality education of children is on the increase in many societies throughout the world, including Ghana. The purpose of the study was to examine the level of parents' involvement in the education of their children in primary schools in the Ga East District of Greater Accra Region. The research design was phenomenological. Fifty respondents made up of 10 headteachers, 20 teachers and 20 parents were involved in the study. Purposive sampling was used to select the heads and teachers of the schools while simple random sampling was used to select the parents. Unstructured interview was the only instrument used to elicit information from the respondents. The study found among others that most of the parents in the district were highly involved in the education of their wards. It was suggested that parents, especially working mothers should be encouraged to play a more meaningful role in the education of their children by providing them with a quiet place to study, helping them with homework, being firm about bedtime, monitoring their academic and social behaviours and providing them with their school needs, among others.


Bioenergy has emerged to be among the primary choices for the short- and medium-term replacement of fossil fuels and the reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The most practical method for transforming biomass into biofuel is thermochemical conversion, which may be broken down into combustion, torrefaction, pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction, and gasification. In this study, producing biofuels using a biomass pyrolysis process was investigated. This study explored the pyrolysis process and operating conditions to optimize the process parameters to maximize the desired product yields and quality. The pyrolysis process produces three main products, which are bio-oil, bio-char, and gas. There are three classifications for the pyrolysis method, with each of them producing a majority of a certain product. First, slow pyrolysis is conducted in the temperature range of 300–950 °C and residence time of 330–550 s. It produces around a 30% oil yield and 35% char yield, and thus, the majority yield of slow pyrolysis is char. Second, fast pyrolysis produces around 50% oil, 20% char, and 30% gas yields with a temperature range of 850–1250 °C and a residence time of 0.5–10 s. The average yield of flash pyrolysis was found to be 75% bio-oil, 12% bio-char, and 15% gas, which is conducted within less than 1 s. It was reported that the pyrolysis of biomass was simulated using ASPEN Plus, where the effects of several parameters, such as the temperature, heating rate, and residence time, on the product yield and composition were investigated. Pyrolysis was performed under different conditions ranging from 400 to 600 °C. The effects of different catalysts on the pyrolysis process were studied. It was found that the addition of a catalyst could increase the yield of bio-oil and improve the quality of the product. The optimal operating condition for the pyrolysis process was determined to be a temperature of 500 °C, which resulted in a higher bio-oil yield. It was found that the biofuel yield was enhanced by selecting appropriate raw materials, such as rice husk, along with the pyrolysis temperature (e.g., 450 °C) and particle size (350–800 µm), and using a low residence time and pressure.


Some important applications require control systems capable of tracking high-degree polynomial references. However, polynomial reference tracking is difficult because the controller must have a fast response to track variable references. Generalized Predictive Control (GPC), used in industrial applications, has a fast response. However, up to now, GPC approaches in the literature are not designed for high-degree polynomial reference tracking. For that reason, this brief proposes a GPC system for the tracking of polynomial references of any degree. The high-order backward difference operator was used to develop an augmented prediction model designed to have an arbitrary number of embedded integrators. Thus, according to the internal model principle, the proposed predictive controller can track polynomial references of any degree. An optimization technique is used to define future control actions, while the control law is defined through the receding horizon principle. Simulation and experimental results prove that the proposed controller performs better than other approaches described in the literature.


As the global pandemic rapidly spreads, distance learning is emerging as a new method of instruction. Particularly, traditional courses that must be taught in-person, such as vocal singing instruction, require immediate adaptation to the COVID-19 and the new distance learning model. However, in the process of distance learning, it is frequently impossible to tailor and personalize instruction, particularly for vocal singing courses. Educational researchers are confronted with the pressing issue of how to extract useful and personalized patterns from a large volume of learner data in order to customize and individualize instruction. In this paper, we propose applying the decision tree method from data mining technology to a vocal singing education system by categorizing students according to the model. Once the characteristics of various learners have been stored in the corresponding user database, teachers can access timely information regarding the learners' most recent learning situation. This can be used as the basis for differentiating instructional strategies for various learners. This allows the instructor to designate individualized teaching and learning strategies for each student.


This paper contains the description of a new oribatid mite Neoppia minuta gen. et sp. nov. from West Bengal, India.


The cyclic voltammetry of benzene 1, naphthalene 2, biphenylene 3, and anthracene 4 fully annelated with bicyclo[2.2.2]octene showed that their cationic species have enhanced kinetic and thermodynamic stability as compared with the corresponding polymethyl analogues. Chemical one-electron oxidation of these neutral aromatic hydrocarbons led to facile isolation of their radical cation salts, which are persistent at ambient temperature even in air, and allowed X-ray crystallographic determination of their structures for the first time for the monomer radical cations of alkyl-substituted benzene, naphthalene, and biphenylene. The π-systems of these radical cations are planar except for that of the naphthalene radical cation 2•+. The structure of the benzene ring of 1•+ precludes the observation of a static Jahn−Teller distortion in the crystal at −100 °C. For the radical cations of 2−4, the geometrical changes in π-systems upon one-electron oxidation are consistent with what can be predicted from the orbital...


: In this study, a polymer-carbon composite material is prepared for environmental-friendly organic anode. On poly(styrenesulfonate)(PSS)-carbon composite anode, the carbon is coated by PSS as a core-shell structure and the PSS-carbon composite anode has 524 mAh g -1 theoretical capacity with <0.6V voltage. Moreover, the PSS-carbon composite anode shows 519.6 mAh g -1 , 461.2 mAh g -1 , 411.8 mAh g -1 and 315.9 mAh g -1 discharge capacities at 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 10 C, respectively, and stable cycle performance up to 30 cycles. The PSS-carbon composite anode, containing polystyrene and sulfonate functional groups, is suitable for high electrochemical properties organic rechargeable battery.


Physical fitness and health have a symbiotic relationship and health of the working population denotes productivity of the nation and therefore knowledge of physical fitness and its application is of paramount importance. Selecting a representative sample of 40 women labour of cashew nut factory, and their physical fitness was assessed by employing physical characteristics and physical fitness tests. The mean Lean Body Mass, fat weight, VO2 max and BMI of women workers are 33.62 Kg, 11.58 Kg, 23.22 ml/kg x min and 19.46 respectively and 92.5 percent women worker belong to mesomorphic group. Physical fitness of 75% women fell in the low average category followed by 25% in the high average in case of both step test score and VO2 max. Average grip strength is 23.23 Kg. and average back strength is 39.95Kg.


The purpose of the research is to study the application of customer knowledge management (CKM) in alumni relations management (AR) at universities. It reviews various roles of alumni and cases where particularly the customer role can be attributed to alumni and university relationships. CKM is one part of the knowledge management process which focuses on capturing, saving and reusing customer knowledge. Universities are not an exception and their customer knowledge means valuable competitiveness. The authors describe a unique model that has been developed for alumni-CKM and can be applied by AR managers.


Angular distribution of the vector and tensor analyzing powers ${A}_{y}$, ${A}_{\mathrm{xz}}$, $\frac{1}{2}({A}_{\mathrm{xx}}\ensuremath{-}{A}_{\mathrm{yy}})$, and ${A}_{\mathrm{zz}}$ have been measured at 11.4 and 14.4 MeV for $d+^{3}\mathrm{H}$ elastic scattering. Mass identification techniques were used in detecting the scattered deuteron and the recoil triton at most angles. Measurements were made for the 33 to 140\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} center-of-mass angular range. The angular distributions of the various analyzing powers are very similar at both energies and additionally are similar to the $d+^{3}\mathrm{He}$ analyzing-power data of K\"onig et al. at 11.5 MeV.


Most wood boilers used for residential heating today are old-fashioned and emit large quantities of organic compounds. The installation of a pellet burner and a change to wood pellets as fuel normally decreases the emissions remarkably. In this study, the emissions from different equipment for burning of wood and pellets are compared. The organic fraction of smoke from traditional wood burning is to a great extent composed of methoxyphenols, with antioxidant effects. Methoxyphenols were also identified in smoke from pellet stoves. A fuelwood boiler or a furnace with an inserted pellet burner is heated to a higher combustion temperature, decreasing the total amount of organic compounds in the smoke. Above 800 °C, methoxyphenols are thermally decomposed and carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) are formed. The combustion-formed aromatic hydrocarbon benzene is present in smoke from all kinds of burning, but the proportion relative to primary organic compounds increases with increasing combustion temperature. In smoke from an environmentally labelled wood boiler and from some pellet burning devices, the levels of PAC and benzene were found to be low. Evidently, the combustion was nearly complete. Although the change from wood to pellets significantly decreases the emissions, considerable differences exist between various combinations of pellet burners and boiler furnaces.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: the present deals with compositions, kits and their usage for manufacturing medicinal preparations for treating immuno-inflammatory disorders out of the group consisting of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, ulcerous colitis, Crohn's disease, ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis (MS), type I diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, fibromyalgia and insult-induced lethality of cerebral cells and, also, for suppressing the production of one or more pro-inflammatory cytokines. The compositions suggested contain the combination of two active ingredients: (i) dipyridamol and (ii) corticosteroid. Such a combination provides the suppression of immune inflammation due to decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα by hundreds times. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 54 cl, 4 ex, 3 tbl


In this paper an ant lion optimizer algorithm is proposed for tuning excitation controls in multi machine power system. Tuning of excitation controls includes change of parameters in automatic voltage regulator (AVR) and power system stabilizer (PSS). A proposed algorithm is used as a swarm intelligence optimization method for finding a best solution for small signal stability problems. A two area — four machine model (TAFM) with two interconnected transmission lines is considered in this paper. Small signal stability disturbances observed in this paper include automatic re-closure of an interconnection line between two areas, short circuit on an interconnection line, short term load outage in first area, and a load change in first area. Performance of a proposed algorithm is compared with other swarm intelligence algorithms such as particle swarm optimization (PSO), velocity relaxed particle swarm optimization and a salp swarm algorithm (SSA). Objective functions used in performance analysis and comparison include integral of time-weighted absolute error (ITAE) and mean value of time domain transitional process quality indicators.


Abstract. Altitudinal precipitation gradient plays an important role in the
interpolation of precipitation in the Third Pole (TP) region, where the
topography is very complex but in situ data are very sparse. This study proves that the altitude dependence of precipitation in the TP can be
reasonably reproduced by a high-resolution atmospheric simulation-based
dataset called ERA5_CNN. The precipitation gradients,
including both absolute (APGs) and relative gradients (RPGs), for 388 sub-basins of the TP above 2500 m a.s.l. are calculated based on the
ERA5_CNN. Results show that most sub-basins have positive
precipitation gradients, and negative gradients are mainly found along the
Himalayas, the Hengduan Mountains and the western Kunlun. The annual APG and RPG averaged across all sub-basins of the TP are 0.05 mm d−1 × 100 m−1 and 4.25 % × 100 m−1, respectively. The values of the APG are large in wet seasons but small in dry seasons, while the RPG shows opposite
variations. Further analyses demonstrate that the RPGs have negative
correlations with relative humidity but positive correlations with wind
speed, likely because dry air tends to reach saturation at high altitudes,
while stronger wind can bring more humid air to high altitudes. In addition,
we find that precipitation gradients tend to be positive at small spatial
scales compared to those at large scales, mainly because local topography
plays a vital role in determining precipitation distribution at small
scales. These findings on the spatiotemporal variations of precipitation
gradients provide useful information for interpolating precipitation in the
TP region.


With this area of the second triad contrasts above all the last sefirah, in which all these colours, as well as the various nuances of white-red, red-white, and a mixture of both, flash all together&dquo; or one after the other, as they did already in Azriel and often in the Zohar. Since she represents the divine power closest to the created world-in part even immanent in it, she is the richest in symbolism, and in colour symbolism as well.76 Here the Kabbalah returns, in mystical correlations and transformations,


We consider the homology theory of \'etale groupoids introduced by Crainic and Moerdijk, with particular interest to groupoids arising from topological dynamical systems. We prove a K\"unneth formula for products of groupoids and a Poincar\'e-duality type result for groupoids which are principal with orbits homeomorphic to a Euclidean space. We conclude with a few example computations for systems associated to nilpotent groups such as self-similar actions, and we generalize previous homological calculations by Burke and Putnam for systems which are analogues of solenoids arising from algebraic numbers. For the latter systems, we prove the HK conjecture, even when the resulting groupoid is not ample.


Fabrication and thermal characterization of a resistance temperature detector (RTD) heater and microthermocouples (MTs) on silicon substrates have been reported in this paper. The influence of film thickness and nickel-gold (Au) electroplating on RTD on its steady-state temperature with respect to its steady-state electrical power input and resistance is studied. Further, the thermal effects of multiple thermocouples in a thermopile as well as the effects of Au layers in the contact pads of the thermopiles on their open-circuit Seebeck voltage are studied. Therein lies the novelty of this paper. The in situ operating relationships for the RTD heater and the MT are provided


Abstract Electrocatalytic synthesis of oxalic acid from acetylene has been achieved at Pt electrode. The electrocatalytically synthesized oxalic acid has been characterized by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and UV-Vis (UV-Vis spectrophotometry). Influence of electrode material, Na2SO4 concentration, acetone volume fraction, temperature and scan rate have been investigated by CV (cyclic voltammetry). The analysis results show that oxalic acid has been successfully electrocatalytically synthesized from acetylene at the very stable Pt electrode under ambient temperature and pressure, the supporting electrolyte is Na2SO4 (0.5 M) with acetone (2% by volume), the reaction time is 8 h and the conversion efficiency is larger than 20%. The Ea (apparent activation energy) of electrocatalytic oxidation reaction of acetylene at the Pt electrode is 14.42 kJ·mol-1, the electrocatalytic oxidation process of acetylene is irreversible and under adsorption control. In addition, the reaction mechanism of the electrocatalytic oxidation process of acetylene to oxalic acid has been envisaged successfully based on the principle of adsorption and desorption at Pt electrode surface. It exhibits the excellent electrocatalytic performance of Pt in the electrocatalytic oxidation process of acetylene and heralds more broad potential application prospect of acetylene in chemical industry field.


The experimental course of network security requires students to conduct complex experiments,which often involves the use of multiple hosts and the formation of a specific network topology.Due to the hardware limitation,it is unrealistic for students to build such an experimental environment using a single physical machine.To solve this problem,t a cloud platform was designed and implemented based on the XEN software,which can provide a virtual experimental environment for students.In this paper,the architecture of an XEN-based cloud platform was described and the construction of a complex virtual network was analyzed.Finally,a firewall experiment was taken as an example to describe the conducting of network security experiments over the XEN cloud platform.Practice indicates that the XEN cloud platform greatly simplifies the deployment of the experimental environment,reduces the hardware investment,and allows many students to share the platform simultaneously.


This paper aims to study the spatio-temporal pattern and distribution of man-made disasters which can be prevented and will influence the city functions.The study covers the core area and suburbs of Shanghai,accounting for about 16% of Shanghai area,which include whole Yangpu,Zhabei,Hongkou,Putuo,Changning,Jing'an,Luwan,Xuhui,Huangpu districts and partial area of Baoshan,Jiading,Minhang,Nanhui and Pudong districts,totally 146 towns and streets where are most populated and urbanized.The authors collect the data of man-made disasters of Shanghai from the government reports,newspapers and government bulletin.To facilitate and accelerate this study process,GIS technology is applied in this research.In this paper,the authors build a database of man-made disasters based on 1987 cases data of different types of man-made disasters in Shanghai from 2000 to 2006,referring the international disaster database structure.And then they quantitatively analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of the man-made disasters in Shanghai by using GIS technology.The results show that(1) the number of man-made disasters have increasing trend with urbanization acceleration in Shanghai,and the frequency in summer and winter,is greater than in Spring and Autumn,and the lowest value occurred at around the Spring Festival.The frequency of different types of disasters and accidents such as traffic,fire,building and public facilities is of difference seasonal characteristics;(2) man-made disasters in Shanghai show the density of the city center tends to decrease the outer ring surrounding areas.High-incidence areas of Man-made disasters are mainly distributed in the central city and urban-rural high-flow areas.There is a close relationship between human activities and man-made disaster.All disasters are different types of spatial pattern;(3) urban man-made disasters hazards depends largely on the location of urban construction,infrastructure,industrial structure,management regulations,population density and quality of the people,and many other combination of factors.


The present invention, air batteries, fuel cells, used for the oxygen electrode or an air electrode of an electrochemical device such as an electrochemical sensor. Providing an oxygen reduction electrode having excellent stability can electrochemical reduction of oxygen in noble potential. Oxygen reduction electrode of the present invention, containing cobalt tetra pyrazinoporphyrazine derivative represented by the following structural formula (1) as a catalyst component.


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: sensor includes: a light emitter located along the road and configured to emit detection light towards one side of the road; a light detector located along the road at a distance from the light emitter along the road, wherein the light detector is configured to receive detection light reflected by the road, and output a detection signal corresponding to the intensity of the received detection light, and a lane recognition device configured to recognise lanes on the road based on the detection signal from the light detector. The lane recognition device includes an increase recognition criterion, which indicates the rate of increase of the strength of the detection signal and generates a lane presence signal indicating the presence of a lane when change in the detection signal satisfies the increase recognition criterion. EFFECT: preventing false lane detection. 9 cl, 11 dwg


There is a wide scope of interdisciplinary crossing points between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Cybersecurity. On one hand, AI advancements, for example, deep learning, can be introduced into cybersecurity to develop smart models for executing malware classification and intrusion detection and threatening intelligent detecting. Then again, AI models will confront different cyber threats, which will affect their sample, learning, and decision making. Along these lines, AI models need specific cybersecurity defense and assurance advances to battle ill-disposed machine learning, preserve protection in AI, secure united learning, and so forth. Because of the above two angles, we audit the crossing point of AI and Cybersecurity. To begin with, we sum up existing research methodologies regarding fighting cyber threats utilizing artificial intelligence, including receiving customary AI techniques and existing deep learning solutions. At that point, we analyze the counterattacks from which AI itself may endure, divide their qualities, and characterize the relating protection techniques. And finally, from the aspects of developing encrypted neural networks and understanding safe deep learning, we expand the current analysis on the most proficient method to develop a secure AI framework. This paper centers mainly around a central question: "By what means can artificial intelligence applications be utilized to upgrade cybersecurity?" From this question rises the accompanying set of sub-questions: What is the idea of artificial intelligence and what are its fields? What are the main areas of artificial intelligence that can uphold cybersecurity? What is the idea of data mining and how might it be utilized to upgrade cybersecurity? Hence, this paper is planned to reveal insight into the idea of artificial intelligence and its fields, and how it can profit by applications of AI brainpower to upgrade and improve cybersecurity. Using an analytical distinct approach of past writing on the matter, the significance of the need to utilize AI strategies to improve cybersecurity was featured and the main fields of application of artificial intelligence that upgrade cybersecurity, for example, machine learning, data mining, deep learning, and expert systems.


The CO2 production of free-ranging So, oty Terns (Sterna fuscata) was measured using doubly labeled water (HTO-18). Metabolic rate during flight was determined to be 4.8 times standard metabolic rate (SMR). This value is much lower than estimates of flight metabolism predicted from previously published equations. Observations of these birds at sea indicate that flapping flight predominated at the windspeeds (0-5 m/s) that prevailed during our measurement periods, so factors other than gliding must account for the com- paratively low flight metabolism we measured. Sooty Tern flight metabolism is similar to that of some other birds, such as swallows and swifts, that also have high aspect ratios and low wing loadings. Received 27 April 1983, accepted 12 October 1983. THE reliability of estimates of energy flow through biotic communities depends upon the extent to which the model used conforms to reality and the accuracy of the input parame- ters. In a sensitivity analysis of 44 model-spe- cific and species-specific parameters of his bioenergetic model of a seabird colony, Fur- ness (1978) identified several inputs that had the greatest effect on the precision of the mod- el. Among these for Arctic Terns (Sterna par- adisaea) were the hours of activity per day, the intercept and exponent of Lasiewski and Daw- son's (1967) SMR equation, and the energy re- quirements of flapping and gliding flight. For birds, such as terns, that spend a large propor- tion of their foraging time in flight, the accu- racy of estimates of daily energy expenditure depends on knowing the total time spent in various flight activities (i.e. flapping, gliding, and hovering) and the metabolic cost of those activities. One goal of this study was to determine the energetic cost of free, natural flight in a species of bird. A second goal was to assess the reli- ability of several models that may be used for predicting the total metabolic rate of birds dur- ing flight by comparing model estimates with empirical measurements. Doubly labeled water (HTO-18) was used to measure CO2 production in free-ranging Sooty Terns (Sterna fuscata) in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands during the incubation stage of breeding. We estimated the metabolic rate of flying birds from time-budget and field metabolic-rate (FMR) results. Sooty Terns are particularly amenable to this type oI


Summary This paper describes an exploratory study to design an E-Procurement Adoption Model (EPAM). A taxonomy of issues influencing individual adoption is extracted from literature. Based on triangulatio n of expert interviews, case studies, and focus group di scussions, the EPAM is designed by identifying issu es confirmed in practice per role and change phase.


Anaecypris hispanica is the most threatened cyprinid fish in the Iberian Peninsula. The distribution of this Iberian cyprinid is restricted to the Guadiana River drainage and a single tributary in the Guadalquivir River and has been rapidly diminishing over the past thirty years. Several A. hispanica populations have been depleted to a point which individual densities are below a level where adults can be detected, making it necessary to identify A. hispanica larvae to assess populations and to make declarations about local extinctions. This work is the first detailed description of the larval stages of A. hispanica from egg to stage 5 observed from laboratory-reared specimens. The eggs are spherical, adhesive, and transparent, and they measure 1.4 mm (mean diameter). The larvae hatch 72 hours after activation and measure 5.0 mm (mean total length-TL). The notochord flexion occurs at 5.9 mm (mean TL), and larvae have 38-39 total myomeres. Anaecypris hispanica larvae have little cephalic pigmentation with few melanophores anterior to the eyes, although pigmentation intensifies during development. Identifying features are presented here that will enable researchers to distinguish A. hispanica from other sympatric species. This information will allow us to identify larvae and can help to assess whether this species is present at locations where adults are not detected.


- our primary delivered energy source (85%) - the primary cause of air pollution and global warming, - an inherent part of many industrial processes – steel/iron, glass, carbon black (tires) - a major source of new materials - nano-tubes, diamonds, ceramics etc., - a major source of the loss of property and life, - the dominant power source for portable applications, - a potential catastrophic hazard for manned space flight, - arguably man's first technology but also remarkably complex. -


Cao Wenxuan, an outstanding writer of the fourth generation of the children's fictions in China, expresses his concern about children's sound development both physcically and psychologically. This paper will focus on this regard by an analysis of the spiritual growth of the young in adversity in his works .


Using all-digging method,biomass structure characteristics of the three Amaranthaceous invasinve plant populations were measured and compared in East Guangdong,such as Amaranthus viridis,Amaranthus spinosus and Alternanthera philoxeroides,taken the local plant Amaranthus caudatus as the control to analyze the general laws in biomass structures and biological adaptations of Amaranthaceous invasinve plant populations in East Guangdong.The results showed that three Amaranthaceous invasinve plant populations had the same basic laws in the biomass allocation ratio,as stemleafrootflower,especially,in which the percentage of A.philoxeroides' stem biomass was about 75 % of the whole plant.Compared with the local plant A.caudatus,three kinds of Amaranthaceous invasive plants had obvious phenotypic plasticity for the module biomass allocation in heterogeneous habitats,in which the ratio of root to shoot of A.philoxeroides could be significantly increased in the dry and barren habitats because of its the strongest plasticity.Biomasses of the aboveground and underground from the four Amaranthaceous plants were regressed through a variety of mathematical models,and optimization models were all cubic equation(Y=b0+b1X+b2X2+b3X3),the fitting degree of A.caudatus was the highest in the four kinds of plants.


Seven cases of Marfan's syndrome are reviewed clinically, radiologically, and pathologically.
 Six of the seven cases showed evidence of pulmonary dysaeration: (a) Two of the cases showed compression of the left main-stem bronchus by a giant left atrium with atelectasis of the left lung and compensatory emphysema of the right lung. (b) Two of the cases showed evidence of diffuse chronic pulmonary emphysema. Three cases had bilateral apical bullae. (c) One of the cases developed pneumothorax. The lungs of the children with the Marfan syndrome show precocious maturation of the elastic stroma of the alveolar septae. The pathogenesis of emphysema is discussed in relationship to the Marfan abiotrophy of connective tissue.


William James' celebrated lecture on The Will to Believehas kindled spirited controversy since the day it was delivered. In this lively reappraisal of that controversy, Father O'Connell contributes some fresh contentions: that James' argument should be viewed against his indebtedness to Pascal and Renouvier; that it works primarily to validate our over-beliefs; and most surprising perhaps, that James envisages our passional natureas intervening, not after, but before and throughout, our intellectual weighing of the evidence for belief.


The paper examines nanopowders of ZrO 2 –Y 2 O 3 –CeO 2 and ZrO 2 –Y 2 O 3 –CeO 2 –Al 2 O 3 systems in order to study the influence of a dispersion medium pH on the solubility of complex nanopowder particles in aqueous media after filtration and centrifugation for preparation of stable dispersions for further toxicological tests of nanoparticles. The concentration of elements remaining in the supernatant after sample preparation which includes membrane filtration and centrifugation is determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The paper defines main characteristics of dispersions of synthesized nanopowders such as the point zero of charge and zeta potential. It is found that the highest aggregate stability of nanopowder dispersion without Al 2 O 3 additive lies in the optimal pH range from 5,5 to 9,5, while the highest aggregate stability of nanopowder dispersion with Al 2 O 3 additive is at pH = 7,0. The obtained results indicate that dispersion of these powders leads to formation of yttrium oxyhydroxide hydrosol dissolved at pH 7) amphoteric aluminum hydroxide is dissolved due to the formation of aluminates


In this paper,analysis of the main factors of the current navigation of Xinsha waters navigation safety and environmental impact.Combined with the current Xinsha navigable waters of the actual situation,to improve the environment of navigation,ship navigation safety measures to promote and establish a long-term management mechanism to promote Xinsha waters safe navigation of ships.


ONR has been funding Prof. Roy and Prof. Baldwin to perform research on Event Representation in Humans and Machines. Prof. Roy's portion of that research involves developing an unsupervised learning system that acquires structured event representations of human activity grounded in naturalistic video observations. The output of that system is to be an action lexicon that encodes recurrent hierarchical temporal patterns discovered from a large video corpus.


We extend the classical (strong) semilattice decomposition scheme of certain classes of semigroups to the class of idempotent symmetric n-ary semigroups (i.e. symmetric n-ary bands) where n ≥ 2 is an integer. More precisely, we show that these semigroups are exactly the strong n-ary semilattices of n-ary extensions of Abelian groups whose exponents divide n − 1. We then use this main result to obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for a symmetric n-ary band to be reducible to a semigroup.


--We collected about 850 female Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) in southern Ontario in six breeding seasons to determine the average number of eggs laid annually by a cowbird. We estimated this number by multiplying the length in days of the laying season of an average female by the average daily laying rate. In each of 1965 and 1976, two unexceptional years, the laying season was about 56 days and the average daily laying rate was 0.73 eggs (95% confidence limits of 0.65-0.80 eggs). Thus, an average female cowbird lays annually about 40 eggs. As she lives for about two breeding seasons, her lifetime fecundity is about 80 eggs. This estimate is consistent with estimates of cowbird survival: 0.15 from egg to fledging, 0.50 from fledging to independence, and 0.40 from independence to adulthood. Received 5 December 1979, accepted 12 May 1980. DESPITE continuing interest in the Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) (e.g. Payne 1977), surprisingly little is known about the two fundamentals of cowbird demography: fecundity and mortality. We believe that this has hindered a full understanding of many aspects of cowbird biology, e.g. the dramatic range expansion (Mayfield 1965), reproductive energetics (Payne 1973a), and the reproductive strategy of female cowbirds (Rothstein 1976). Our present study arose from observations of the incidence of parasitism at London, Ontario (Scott 1963, 1977). This incidence was so high that it suggested that the fecundity of cowbirds was higher than the estimates then available (see Payne 1965: Table 2). We will show that the average female cowbird in southern Ontario lays about 40 eggs annually. We argue that this high fecundity is consistent with knowledge about cowbird mortality.


The invention relates to a titanium mesh cage used for wrapping inner and outer layers of bone grafts of long-tubular cortical bones, pertaining to the technical field of medical instruments. The titanium mesh cage comprises a first titanium mesh and a second titanium mesh, both of which are overlapped to form a cylinder shape. The first titanium mesh comprises a first titanium mesh grid and first longitudinal protrusions. The first titanium mesh grid is composed of criss-cross titanium alloy. One surface of the first titanium mesh grid is provided with multiple rows of the first longitudinal protrusions. The second titanium mesh comprises a second titanium mesh grid and second longitudinal protrusions. The second titanium mesh structure is the same as the first titanium mesh structure. The titanium mesh cage used for wrapping inner and outer layers of bone grafts of long-tubular cortical bones has the following beneficial effects: material of bone grafts is obviously saved; stability of double-layer bone graft wrapping material is higher than that of a single-layer bone graft wrapping material; the titanium mesh cage can be assembled and the size of the titanium mesh cage can be adjusted; when the longitudinal protrusions are warped obliquely or bended, the height of the formed gap is correspondingly reduced, so that the gap between the inner and outer layer wrapping of the cortical bones can be adjusted as well, and the titanium mesh cage is suitable for bones of different sizes.


Introduction: A higher chest compression fraction (CCF) or percentage of time providing chest compressions is associated with improved survival after cardiac arrest (CA). Pauses in chest compressio...


The aim of this study was to determine changes in vessel status between PSC and CSC according to site and occlusion level, rtPA-treatment, and pre-specified time intervals.

 Methods:
 Observational, multicenter study, from a prospective, government-mandated, population-based registry. We selected data from candidates to EVT with documented LVO at PSC who were transferred to CSC from January 2017 to June 2019. We used clinical variables and time intervals as the Symptom-Onset to Vascular-Imaging at CSC (SOTVI2). The primary endpoint was defined as no-occlusion/distal occlusion ineligible for EVT at CSC arrival (NOEVTatCSC) as was utilized.

 Results:
 From 589 patients, 37% received rtPA. Rate of NOEVTatCSC was 10.5% (n: 62) and 87% were treated with rtPA, being 35.8% of causes to exclude EVT at CSC arrival. In univariate analysis, lower baseline-NIHSS (median 12 vs. 16 p<0.01), RACE-scale (median 5 vs. 6; p=0.04) and SOTVI2-time (mean-minutes 268.7 vs. 317.2; p=0.04), rtPA treatment (13.7% Vs. 5.0%; p<0.01), and M2 occlusion (16.8% Vs. 9%; p= 0.02) were associated with NOEVTatCSC. In multivariate analysis, only rtPA-treatment was associated with NOEVTatCSC (OR: 4.65, 95%CI: 1.73-12.4, p= 0.003). In the rtPA subgroup, Basilar occlusion (28% Vs. 12%; p=0.04), lower baseline-NIHSS (13 Vs. 16; p<0.01) and SOTVI2 times ≤240 minutes (28.9% Vs. 15.4%; p=0.02) were associated with NOEVTatCSC. In Multivariate analysis SOVI2 ≤240 minutes (OR: 2.109 95%CI: 1.008-4.401, p=0.04) emerged as the only predictor of NOEVTatCSC. Changes in the vessel status according to initial occlusion at PSC in anterior circulation were observed, and occurred in both; proximal and distal direction. In 11.2% of cases, occlusion site at CSC was more proximal than at PSC.

 Conclusion:
 In patient candidates for EVT transferred from PSC to CSC, NOEVTatCSC is infrequent making the need of a second vascular study before the angiogram at CSC arguable. Despite of its modest effect, tPA-treatment at PSC is the only factor associated with NOEVTatCSC. This could be most relevant in basilar occlusions and in the first 4-hours. Changes in the vessel status according to initial occlusion in PSC occur in anterior circulation. Future studies addressed to determine factors related to these changes are warranted.


174 samples were investigated and effects of irrigation and fertilization to yield were analyzed in south of Shanxi province in 2012.The result showed: The yield of the irrigation-land winter wheat was high in the region.The average yield was 5 836.7 kg/hm2 and productive potentialities great.When the frequency of irrigation from 1.9 times increased to 2.3,the grain yield of winter wheat increased.The fertilization condition was unbalanced in the region,the application of N fertilizer is high but P fertilizer insufficient.In the year of adequate rainfall,when the N fertilizer application was about 180 kg/hm2and P fertilizer about 100 kg/hm2,the grain yield of winter wheat was the highest.Therefore,increasing the frequency of irrigation,suitable application of fertilizers and increasing P nutrient inputs properly is of significant importance to improve the grain yield of irrigation-land winter wheat yield.


Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have suggested that mortality from COPD may be still increasing worldwide, especially in the older age groups.' Cigarette smoking is the most important aetiological factor, although genetic predisposition, and occupational and environmental exposures are also implicated.2 Epidemiological studies have shown an excessive decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEVI) in smokers compared with non-smokers23 and approximately 15% of smokers develop symptomatic disease.4 The loss of lung function in COPD is greater with increasing age and is related to the initial level of FEV, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness.56 If patients with COPD stop smoking, however, the decline in FEV, is much less rapid than if smoking had continued.27 Smoking cessation is the only currently recognised long term intervention that affects the natural history of COPD7 although the success of smoking cessation programmes is limited. Previous studies examining predictors of mortality in COPD have consistently shown that the most important determinants of survival are the age of the patient and degree of airways obstruction.8 Patients with advanced COPD who develop chronic hypoxaemia have improved survival when treated with long term oxygen therapy,910 although even then the eventual prognosis is related to the severity of the underlying airways obstruction." This emphasises the importance of preventing deterioration of lung function in patients with COPD, and the role of long term inhaled corticosteroids in this situation has recently aroused much interest.


Embryo transfer has become an important reproductive tool in many equine breeding programs throughout the world today. It is commonly utilized to produce multiple foals in a season from a particular mare, to produce foals from mares involved in some other activity such as showing or racing, and to produce foals from mares otherwise unable to successfully carry a foal to term. Surgical embryo transfer via flank laparotomy has been accepted as providing higher pregnancy rates than other methods, with an anticipated 75–80% of transfers resulting in pregnancies.1 The time, expense, and personnel necessary for surgical transfer have led to increasing interest in nonsurgical transcervical embryo transfer inrecentyears. Improvements in technique combined with operator experience have yielded sometimes inconsistent results, with pregnancy rates of 50–75%, approaching those of surgical transfer.2 This paper will report the results of a nonsurgical technique used in a commercial embryotransfer program during the 1998 breeding season.


We analyze how the spectrum of synchrotron and inverse Compton radiation from a narrow relativistic jet changes with the observation angle. It is shown that diversity of acceleration mechanisms (in particular, taking the converter mechanism (Derishev et al. 2003) into account) allows for numerous modifications of the observed spectrum. In general, the off‐axis emission in GeV‐TeV energy range appears to be brighter, has a much harder spectrum and a much higher cut‐off frequency compared to the values derived from Doppler boosting considerations alone. The magnitude of these effects depends on the details of particle acceleration mechanisms, what can be used to discriminate between different models.One of the implications is the possibility to explain high‐latitude unidentified EGRET sources as off‐axis but otherwise typical relativistic‐jet sources, such as blazars. We also discuss the broadening of beam pattern in application to bright transient jet sources, such as Gamma‐Ray Bursts.


cAMP, dbcAMP, cCMP, cGMP, theophylline and caffeine caused reversible melanosome dispersion within 5 minutes at 10 mM in the dermal melanophores of the black goldfish, Carassius auratus L. cTMP, cUMP, 5′‐AMP, 5′‐CMP, 5′‐GMP, 5′‐TMP, and 5′‐UMP did not produce melanosome dispersion or aggregation in this melanophore system. cAMP was the most effective nucleotide in the induction of melanosome dispersion; at 10 mM, cGMP and at 5 mM, dbcAMP were the least effective of those nucleotides inducing melanosome dispersion. At the 10 mM level dbcAMP required 30 minutes to evoke the same degree of melanosome dispersion as 5 minutes cAMP treatment. Theophylline was more effective than caffeine in eliciting melanosome dispersion. At 1 mM, theophylline and caffeine first induced melanosome dispersion which was followed by aggregation in the course of the 30 minute test period. These reactions suggest both a high melanophore phosphodiesterase activity and competitive inhibition of phosphodiesterase by theophylline and caffeine. Induction of melanosome dispersion by several cyclic 3′,5′‐nucleotides suggest multi‐nucleotide control of melanosome dispersion. These findings also support a proposed mechanism of prostaglandin induced melanosome dispersion as well as the "second messenger" hypothesis.


Not every otoplastic procedure will accomplish the desired result. The deformities of the operated ear show different characteristics depending on which technique is used. Any procedure relying on cartilage incisions through the entire thickness (thus creating a new anthelical vault) is likely to cause sharp and often visible edges of the cartilage on the anterior surface of the ear. These ears look artificial and irritate the patients. In certain cases of otoplasty using the permanent suture technique, the extrusion of the sutures and the reappearance of the deformities will be visible when the cartilage tension prevails over the suture tightening effect. The use of this method is therefore questionable in cases of very thick cartilage, a missing helical vault, large concha, and helical cauda. Surgical procedures to correct a bat ear by concha rotation and mastoid excavation can lead to narrowing of the external ear canal entrance, which can cause hearing impairment and difficulties in cleaning the ear canal. One of the worst problems in revision otoplasty is cartilage destruction, tissue thickening, and contraction caused by postoperative perichondritis. Secondary procedures are therefore very difficult to make and require a proper understanding of the deformity and a sound knowledge of the surgical possibilities. The most common postoperative deformities1 found after inadequate applied otoplasty techniques are


During the MIUR Plan for enhancing scientific degrees (PLS 2015-17), the Italian geological community has been involved in a great effort to bring science and research to the young generations and to help them achieving in-depth knowledge and long lasting success in the STEM sciences.We offered two field laboratories to Upper secondary education students and teachers, developed from the geotours of the PROGEO- Piemonte, promoting the conservation and dissemination of geological heritage through research and outreach activities. They explore the geology of southern and northern Piemonte integrating research, dissemination and geoscience education, and were designed and led by researchers and wildlife guides in the Langhe- Roero-Monferrato World heritage Site, and the Sesia Val Grande Global Geopark. To attract the interest of students and teachers we combined an inquiry-based approach, educational activities of cooperative learning, and the use of multimedia tools.To monitor whether the goals of the PLS were fulfilled, satisfaction questionnaires were administered to both pupils and their teachers. The outcome showed that involving the pupils in field research activities allowed to improve their disciplinary knowledge, their soft skills, and contributed to increase their awareness that the Geosciences are not only interesting, but that they permeate our daily life.


ATM(Automatic Teller Machine) PIN (personal identification number) pad is essential in bank. At present, DES (Data Encryption Standard), RSA (public key encryption algorithm), DUKPT(Derived Unique Key per Transaction) etc encryption algorithm was applied in the ATM PIN Pad. In the paper, a PIN Pad system is designed based on 3DES encryption algorithm, and the exception handling is added in the PIN Pad (such as: jitter, command coverage, the wrong password more than three times). The experimental results demonstrate feasibility of designed system.


Abstract Thermodynamic analysis was performed to obtain the relation between the carbon content at the BOF endpoint and the dissolved oxygen content in liquid steel and the (FeO + MnO) content in the slag with the help of thermodynamic calculation software FactSage. It finds that both the [O] and (FeO + MnO) content increase with decreasing the carbon content at the BOF endpoint and the increasing rate is larger when the carbon content is lower. In addition, in the case of the higher temperature at the BOF endpoint the [O] in liquid steel increase and the (FeO + MnO) in the slag increase as well. The consumption of O2 for decarbonization at the BOF endpoint is much more than that in RH degasser since the majority of the blowing O2 at the BOF endpoint will produce FeO into the slag, thus it increase the metal loss and deteriorate the steel cleanness during the consequent refining process. As a result, the carbon content at the BOF endpoint should be properly increased within the RH decarbonization ability. At last, industrial trials were carried out and confirmed that total oxygen consumption decrease obviously and the (FeO + MnO) of final BOF slag decline as well with increasing carbon content at BOF endpoint from 0.042% to 0.081%. In addition, it almost does not slow down the RH process and the carbon content in final steel all met the demand of the ultra-low carbon steel. In addition, mechanical properties of IF steel with higher carbon content at the endpoint of BOF are almost all more superior to those of heat with lower carbon content at BOF endpoint.


Abstract. This paper presents the first development and evaluation of the reduced-complexity air quality model for China. In this study, a reduced-complexity air quality intervention model over China (InMAPv1.6.1-China, hereafter, InMAP-China) is developed by linking a regional air quality model, a reduced-complexity air quality model, an emission inventory database for China, and a health impact assessment model to rapidly estimate the air quality and health impacts of emission sources in China. The modelling system is applied over mainland China for 2017 under various emission scenarios. A comprehensive model evaluation is conducted by comparison against conventional CMAQ simulations and ground-based observations. We found that InMAP-China satisfactorily predicted total PM2.5 concentrations in terms of statistical performance. Compared with the observed PM2.5 concentrations, the mean bias (MB), normalized mean bias (NMB), and correlations of the total PM2.5 concentrations are −8.1 μg/m3, −18 %, and 0.6, respectively. The statistical performance is considered to be satisfactory for a reduced-complexity air quality model and remains consistent with that evaluated in the United States. The underestimation of total PM2.5 concentrations was mainly caused by its composition, primary PM2.5. In terms of the ability to quantify source contributions of PM2.5 concentrations, InMAP-China presents similar results in comparison with those based on the CMAQ model, the difference is mainly caused by the different mechanism and the treatment of secondary inorganic aerosols in the two models. Focusing on the health impacts, the annual PM2.5-related premature mortality estimated using InMAP-China in 2017 was 1.92 million, which was 25 ten thousand deaths lower than that estimated based on CMAQ simulations as a result of underestimation of PM2.5 concentrations. This work presents a version of the reduced-complexity air quality model over China, provides a powerful tool to rapidly assess the air quality and health impacts associated with control policy, and to quantify the source contribution attributable to many emission sources.


The colloidal mastic test is widely used as one of the laboratory diagnostic aids in the management of central nervous system syphilis. The procedure is highly sensitive to slight changes in laboratory technique, and it has been thought that the temperature at which the test is performed may influence the results. The sensitivity of the colloidal mastic test is affected by several factors, such as electrolyte concentration, type of electrolyte, and size of the colloidal particles. When these factors


Entanglement is "the characteristic trait of quantum mechanics," as Schrodinger phrased it in the early days of quantum theory in 1935. It is, however, not only a fundamental physical phenomenon that exhibits counterintuitive correlations between two or more distant objects. Especially when shared by many different entities, entanglement is a resource for applications in quantum information, such as quantum communication networks or even quantum computation.


Wallis and Futuna officially became a 'Sub-National Island Jurisdiction' (known as French Overseas Territory/Collectivity) in 1961 and has since adopted an economic and political structure consistent with the MIgration, Remittances, Aid, and Bureaucracy (MIRAB) model. Although the MIRAB economy has been stable, the rapid increase in migration for higher education of the younger population since the turn of the century raises questions concerning the role of education within this structure. A qualitative study discovered that education should be regarded as a key component in the MIRAB economy of the territory. Firstly, education has provided a new population outlet as young people have chosen opportunities for higher education and training overseas. Secondly, migration for education has revealed social dimensions within the model, as access to education overseas has simultaneously sustained the bureaucratic elite but has also enabled customary classes to negotiate their power and maintain a hold on the process of change. Finally, education has potentially reduced the pressure of remittances, as some qualified graduates are able to return and access high wage employment locally.


Eight high strength, low alloy (HSLA) steels were dynamically strain aged in the temperature range 100 to 600 degrees C, with strains from 1.5% to 6% and strain rates from 1 x 10 to the -4 power to 2 x 10 to the -2 power. Subsequently, changes in tensile, notch impact, and fatigue properties were determined. The data indicate that in forming HSLA steels in the dynamic strain aging range, the temperature should be between about 250 and 400 degrees C; the higher end of the range is preferable. The strain rate is unimportant. A dual-phase manganese-molybdenum-columbium steel gave the best response to this treatment, and steels containing titanium the worst. At the forming temperature, yielding was continuous and the rate of work hardening was more rapid than at room temperature. The maximum strength at room temperature can be obtained by forming the part at a temperature slightly in excess of the temperature peak in elevated temperature flow stress.


The most valuable thing for corporations is customers in today's competitive environment. The evaluation obtained with suitable methodology is important vitally in the success of customer relationship management systems applied for the continuous customer satisfaction and devotion. Continuous customer satisfaction, development of communication skills with customers, caring with customers' desires and compliments before and after sale just in sale time, development of the quality of services being offered to the customers is dependent on the determining customer problems closely and giving customer focused services. In this study, it was tried to reveal the customer  relationship management, communication with customer, customer focused sale offered before, after and just in sale time in some furniture stores located in Trabzon. It was found that the furniture stores in Trabzon have been generally trying to give customer focused sale services


The goal of this symposium is to address the call from last year which highlighted the paucity of knowledge base for the development of theoretical concepts and practical tools aimed at improving i...


Wind units and photovoltaic inverters are the central generation devices of new energy power generation. Hence, the research on harmonic mechanisms and feature influencing factors of new energy power generation units is essential for its safe and stabile operation. This paper analyzes harmonic and inter-harmonic mechanisms of wind units/photovoltaic inverters and studies the influence of active and reactive power output of wind farms and photovoltaic plants on harmonic features of wind units/photovoltaic inverters. Simulation results and harmonic test data verify the theoretical analysis of harmonic mechanisms and influencing factors of photovoltaic inverters and directly-driven wind unit converters.


Position accuracy at any point in time has been a thing of great concern around the globe. Solution has been provided through radio devices with location estimation capabilities. Results have shown that the available location estimation algorithm has recorded improvement in terms of location accuracy and reliability. However, improving location accuracy should be a continuous process as security of life, and properties ought to be given a high priority. For this reason, currently, many localization algorithms are available. This work investigated two localization algorithms that were formulated based on the principle of multiple linear regression, namely weighted multiple linear regression (WMLR) and improved weighted multiple linear regression (iWMLR) algorithms, in order to suggest a better terminal localization algorithm. Location accuracy, range of errors, and R2 scores are the basis on which the aforementioned algorithms are evaluated. Finally, localization algorithm with high location estimation accuracy is proposed.


Image: di36703 - O.D. Gill, Lexington, Conductor on "Old Blue" a 19 year old bus bought inLondon by U.K. Alumni Association and given to Uk as gift.


In order to facilitate analysis of potentiometric titration data on colloidal TiO2 dispersions, a detailed gas adsorption and tritium exchange study of the TiO2 colloidal material has been undertaken. Gas adsorption data revealed no significant porosity. The weight loss and tritium exchange yield the number of surface protons as 12.5 nm–2, which is consistent with the crystal being made up of exposed crystal planes. This concordance substantiates the essential non-porosity and absence of a gel layer at the TiO2–water interface.


I was attending a college called Belhaven in Jackson, Mississippi, when A Curtain of Green appeared. Some of us there, getting a bit weary of our relentless education in how to become ladies, had taken up with literature and were well along with our own notions about it. I myself had recently got back to where I had started in the ignorant dreams of childhood, and was now daring to say again that I was going to be a Writer, yes, indeed, which is one way to get yourself elected president of the literary society; the other members being somewhat more cautious used to say they might decide to write, if they "had time," which meant, I guess, if they didn't get married right away or find something else more important to do. Our meetings were monthly; they lagged and got boring when nobody had a new story to read, and we used to sit there eating fudge squares and complaining about routine, which dulled our inspiration and blighted our native talent. It gave us quite a pause to read in the paper when A Curtain of Green appeared that there was somebody right across the street (Belhaven is bordered on the South by Pinehurst Avenue) whose inspiration had not been dulled by routine and whose native talent was unblighted. We decided we ought to call her in for advice, or at least in order to look at her close up, always taking it for granted, I guess, that she would be more than delighted to look at us. How it happened I don't recall—maybe we drew straws—but it fell my lot to invite her. As the time approached for actually doing this, I grew more and more nervous. I don't think it would have bothered any of the other members to have picked up the phone and have respectfully invited Miss Welty to a meeting of the Belhaven Literary Society. I had consented to this because it mattered, but for that very reason it got harder every minute. When I finally dialed the Welty house I had to hang on to the receiver with two hands, both trembling. One of the world's softest voices said: "Hello." (Why I thought it would say anything else, is a mystery.) Somehow I got my message out: Would she come and talk to us? Well, no, she didn't make speeches. (Oh.) But, she would love to come and just be a guest.... Could


The aims of this Federation of European Pharmacological Societies (EPHAR) meetings are to broaden the understanding of fundamental pharmacology. Rather than present clinically relevant novel therapeutics, most symposia and posters presented data exploring the role of receptors, transmitters and potential agents within a basic science framework. The opening plenary session was given by Sir James Black, and the main meeting revolved around parallel symposia and poster sessions. Most presenters gave a broad overview of the current understanding, with less emphasis on individual compounds, while others developed a theme exploring specific agonists/antagonists and experimental models.


Abstract Anecdotal and anthropological evidence suggests that personal names are of considerable psychological significance, but they have not received much attention from psychologists. The relationship between the familiarity of first names and the degree to which they lare liked is of particular interest from the point of view of research in related areas of experimental aesthetics. Evidence from investigations carried out in England and Australia suggests that there is a strong tendency for first names to be liked in direct proportion to their familiarity: in general, the most familiar names tend to be best liked and the least familiar names to be most strongly disliked. These findings are dicussed in relation to previous research into familiarity and liking for letters of the alphabet and words, and a hypothesis is developed which may account for the cyclical vogues in first names and certain other cultural objects.


Mercury is subtitled 'Text Data Manager' and is sometimes described in promotional literature as a 'lexical database management system'. The packet consists of a manual containing a tutorial and supplementary information, plus two diskettes: an applications diskette and a supplementary one containing sample lexical databases (glossaries). One of the glossaries is that of the manual itself and lists the terminology used in Mercury. This software is not copy-protected. It can easily be backed up on floppies and also copied onto hard disk when one uses an XT. Mercury provides the following functions: