This study was conducted to analyze the students' mistakes in writing a recount text. The subject of this research was the eighth-grade students of Mts Al-Amin Ngetos, Nganjuk which was consisted of 38 students. The researcher needs to analyze the students' mistakes in writing a recount text because writing is one of the four crucial skills to master English. In learning English at school, students also learn how to write a text and organize their ideas into a proper text. In getting the data, the researcher applied class evaluation research using purposive sampling technique which the sample was taken from 5 students' recount texts of the eight grade students of MTs Al-Amin Ngetos, Nganjuk. The researcher analyzed the students' recount texts based on the writing aspect that should be considered by the students in writing a recount text they are content, organization, grammar, vocabulary, and mechanics. The results showed that there were some mistakes made by the students, mostly their mistakes were inappropriate used of grammar and mechanics. So, the researcher provided suggestions for the teacher to help the students to know the writing aspects and learn how to apply them in writing text.


We show that the absolute Galois group of a countable Hilbertian P(seudo)- A(lgebraically)C(losed) field of characteristic 0 is a free profinite group of countably infinite rank (Theorem A). As a consequence, G( ¯ Q/Q) is the extension of groups with a fairly simple structure (e.g., � ∞=2 Sn) by a countably free group. In addition, we characterize those PAC fields over which every finite group is a Galois group as those with the RG-Hilbertian property


In recent years,the rising and development of We Media technology represented by microblogs has broken the control of traditional news media to public opinions and the monopoly of traditional news media to information,which often pushes forward the rapid formation of emergencies and makes it difficult to predict the development of situation,and further trigger the crisis of public relations and bring difficulties to public security organs in responding and handling police-related crisis effectively.Taking the example of "Liu Wei-wei defending rights by kneeling down" event handling by Dalian municipal public security bureau,this article makes some beneficial discussions on strategies of public security organs handling public relations crisis triggered by emergencies in the era of We Media.


Pringle judgment of the Court – Constitutional implications of using EU institutions outside the EU legal framework – Contestable foundations of the principle affirmed in Pringle – Procedural problems concerning use of EU institutions in this manner – Substantive problems with EU institutions acting in this manner – Relationship between compatibility and choice – Limits of analogical reasoning and dangers of false positives


Abstract : During Operations ENDURING FREEDOM (OEF) and IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF), many Airmen in support career fields were deployed to hostile environments like Afghanistan and Iraq. Deployments of this nature are a departure from normal Air Force operations where support personnel are normally far from the front lines of battle. The purpose of this research was to understand the factors that affect the transfer of basic combat skills training from the classroom to the battlefield. Specifically, this thesis sought to answer five research questions addressing the current combat skills training requirements, the perceived training transfer of basic combat skills, the factors that affect the transfer of basic combat skills, any gaps in current training requirements, and what other types of basic combat skills training should be required to fill any perceived gaps. A 52-item scale measured the perceptions of active duty, Air Force officer and enlisted personnel on their ability to transfer the combat skills learned in a classroom to the battlefield. The research provided a foundation for measuring the effectiveness of combat skills training as a single construct made of five separate training types.


In this paper,we proposed a new clustering routing algorithm named CDD(clustering directed diffusion),which combine directed diffusion routing protocol with cluster to improve directed diffusion routing protocol.CDD algorithm is effective in large-scale deployment of sensor networks and event only occurs in local area.


Mechanical ventilation is a supportive, not curative, form of therapy. The role of mechanical ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome is considered to be one of the most important aspects of supportive care in these patients. However, in many ways mechanical ventilation is a nonphysiologic process. By using different modes of ventilation, the clinician is often applying levels of pressure, patterns of pressure, tidal volume, ventilatory rate, and concentration of inspired oxygen well beyond the levels that normal lungs usually experience. In this article, I review the current knowledge of innovative ways to maintain or improve arterial oxygenation and ventilation without inflicting further damage to the injured lung.


Trace elemental analysis was carried out in 15 anti-epileptic medicinal plants using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) technique, with EX-3600, EDXRF spectrometer. The quantitative analysis is carried out using the software nEXT. The concentrations of elements like P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br, Se, Rb, and Sr were estimated. The presence of some of these trace elements is correlated with the anti-epileptic curative property of medicinal plants.


Considerable research has evidenced the important influence of attitudes on the language learner under the umbrella of motivation. Similarly, several studies have highlighted the close relationship between motivation and performance. Yet little research has examined the relationship between attitude, performance and change of attitude in the English as a Foreign Language setting. This thesis focuses on undergraduates' attitudes towards learning English in the Mexican context, specifically in Southeast Mexico. Despite the closeness of Mexico to the United States, there has been a lack of studies researching students' attitudes towards learning English. This study's research questions aimed to explore undergraduates' attitudes towards learning English, the factors that influence such attitudes, the relationship between attitudes and performance, the existence and power of factors predicting attitudinal changes, and the presence of such changes over time. In order to answer the research questions, the study adopted a longitudinal mixed- method approach. The field work took place at the beginning and end of the academic year 2014-2015. Attitudes were collected by pre- and post- questionnaires. Performance was evaluated by using the University's Institutional English Diagnostic Test (EDII) results of 704 newly admitted students and the final year scores of 161 initial students. At the beginning of the students' second academic year in 2015, 12 secondyear students were interviewed. The findings of this study suggest that four salient attitudinal factors affected performance. They are 1) EFL attitudes, 2) socio-cultural impact, 3) linguistic exposure, and 4) classroom experience. Linguistic exposure, and Socio-cultural impact were among the predictors of students' performance. Although most students showed initial positive attitudes towards learning English, findings also indicated that attitudes could change over time based on attitudinal/motivational factors. These insights have implications for possible changes with regards to English curriculum and lesson planning in the institution of higher education, but also for continuing research on attitude change in other institutions in Mexico and in the ELT community at large.


Regional geological survey and outcrop sampling have been carried out in the Shuanghu region of Qiangtang Basin to evaluate the existence and the basic accumulation conditions of gas hydrate deposits.As evidence of gas hydrate leakage,cold seep carbonate was found in the Buqu Formation of Jurassic in Shuanghu region.The carbonate is different with those found in the northern South China Sea,the Gulf of Mexico and the North Sea.The carbon and oxygen isotopes of the samples vary between-30‰ and-25‰(PDB) and 4‰ to 5‰(PDB) respectively,indicating that the hydrocarbon gas is of thermal origin.Thus the Buqu Formation in Shuanghu region is considered as a potential exploration target after integrated geological evaluation.The factors favorable for the genesis of gas hydrate are as follows.(1) The oil shale in the Early Jurassic Quse Formation is rich in organic matter with favorable organic matter type and high thermal maturity,and could be a good source of hydrocarbon supply;(2) Fractures and cavities available in the grained dolomite of the Buqu Formation make the dolomite a good reservoir for gas hydrate accumulation;(3) The regionally distributed mudstone,gypsum,marls and permafrost zone provide good caprocks.


The Dutch Reformed Church and the human rights issue: 1910-199 Research in the field of church history reveals that the Dutch Refonned Church disposes its own human rights tradition that should be viewed and judged alongside and not in opposition 10 its apartheid tradition. As common factor "Human Rights" proved to be a suitablkey to unlock the history of the theology of apartheid ("evangelie van volksvryhede") of the Afrikaans churches, the theology of civilisation ("gospel of co-operation") of the English churches and the theology of liberation ("gospel of humanisation") of the Black church movement in an impartial and systematical way.


The constitution and composition of temperature collecting cell based on AT89C51 single chip processor are introduced.The characteristics and principle of temperature messurement is expatiated.Through field test, the ideal measurement result has been achieved,the temperature measuring accuracies of this device are controlled within ±0.8 ℃.The cell has such advantages as strong function,novel circuit design,high reliability,high anti-interference,easy composition of local network etc.The requirements of control system of national great science engineer—Heavy Ion Research Facility at Lanzhou-Cooling Storage Ring are fulfilled.


Volume 5, no. 33, e00784-17, 2017, [https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.00784-17][1]. Page 1: The affiliation line and the superscript letters associated with the article byline should read as given above.

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1128/genomeA.00784-17


Firstly, the sorts and the features of the investment ventures in the high-technology venture capital are analyzed. The fuzzy evaluation make-up estimation methods of measuring the ventures in the highly-technology venture capital is quantitatively presented. Finally, the paper explain how to make a venture decision in the venture capital, this will provide the helpful theories leading for our business enterprise to promote the venture controlling.


The utility model discloses a big tuberosity reinforced obtuse angle steel plate. The front end of a fixing plate of femoral shaft part is connected with a fixing plate of a big tuberosity part and a penetration plate of a neck part of the femoral bone. An included angle arranged between the fixing plate of the femoral shaft part and the penetration plate of a neck part of the femoral bone is an obtuse angle, and a fixing hole is respectively arranged on the fixing plate of the femoral shaft part and the fixing plate of the big tuberosity part. The intertrochanteric fracture can be disposably and stably fixed by the utility model, and the postoperative recovery is fast.


African-American women have a higher breast cancer mortality rate than Caucasian women. Harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) exert oxidative stress in cells of the human body and lead to several types of DNA damage. Recent studies have shown that flavonoids may protect against cancer through inhibition of oxidative damage. Naringenin, a universal flavonoid, can also inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. This project studied the oxidative stress (cell death) pathways of naringenin in ER-positive (MCF-7), ER-negative (MDA-MB-468), and non-tumorigenic human breast cell (MCF-10A) lines. Cellular levels of ROS, superoxide (O2 -), glutathione (GSH), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were assayed using the FACS Calibur flow cytometer and cell quest software for data collection. The results showed that naringenin induced oxidative stress that resulted in cell death in all cell lines. The highest production of ROS and O2 was observed in ER-negative cells. Naringenin did not have any effect on GSH levels in ER-negative and ER-positive but a partial increase occurred in non-tumorigenic human breast cells. The results for MMP showed that naringenin significantly increased the loss of MMP in all breast cells. In conclusion, the oxidative stress that resulted in cell death from exposure to naringenin may contribute to the cancer-preventive effects associated with an increased dietary intake of fruits containing flavonoids. We have presented evidence that naringenin is able to induce cell death in both ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer cells; however the magnitude of the effect of naringenin is quite different. This finding suggests naringenin may have potential as a treatment for ER-negative breast cancer.


Abstract. A heat-affected zone significantly reduces the mechanical properties of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP). However, the beam quality, especially the stability of the beam pointing, limits the heat-affected zone (HAZ) minimization studies. In this study, the HAZ is reduced by improving the pointing stability of the laser beam. A beam pointing stabilization system (BPSS) based on position-sensitive devices and fast steering mirrors (FSMs) was developed. The research focuses on building a control model from the position-sensitive devices' position deviation signals to the FSMs' corrected control angles. The control model can detect and predict the beam pointing deviations and correct the attitudes of the FSMs to correct the beam pointing deviations, improving the beam pointing stability. The performance of the proposed BPSS and the corresponding control model were experimentally verified. The results indicate that the pointing deviations of the corrected beam in the X and Y directions are reduced by 78.08% and 70.28%, respectively. Additionally, the HAZ of CFRP processed with the corrected laser is reduced by 30.8%. The quality of the laser cutting of CFRP is significantly improved.


Is there a link between gender inequality and corruption in a society? The studies of Swamy et al. (2001) and Dollar et al. (2001) suggest that countries with greater representation of women in political and economic life tend to have lower levels of corruption. How can this relationship be explained? This could be attributed to behavioral differences between men and women. As mentioned by Dollar et al. (2001), there are experimental studies and studies using survey data that find that, on average, women are less selfish and might have higher moral and ethical standards than men (e.g. Eagly and Crowley, 1986; Glover et al., 1997; Eckel and Grossman, 1998; Rivas, 2008).2 If one accepts that women are less selfish and align their actions on higher moral standards than men, having women in important political and economic positions might lead to less corruption in a country. An alternative explanation is put forward by Swamy et al. (2001), who argue that the negative relationship between women's participation and corruption could be due to self-selection. Only a few women reach powerful positions, and these women possibly gain access to these positions as they are from the "better" part of the women's distribution. >From a historical perspective, Goetz (2007) claims that it is gendered access to political positions that explains


Carbonaceous materials are extensively applied to the development of electrochemical devices for electroanalysis, energy conversion, and storage or electrocatalysis because of their rather unique features that include high chemical stability, low cost, and wide potential window. Furthermore, they are processed into thick or thin‐film structures onto different substrates for producing electrode devices whose widespread use, however, is hampered by the film composition and the poor mechanical stability. Here the application of carbon/silica composites is shown to produce miniaturized thin‐film electrodes, which stand out for their robustness and can thus be used repeatedly for electrochemical analysis. Resorcinol‐formaldehyde/(3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane sol–gel films on silicon substrates are subjected to several processes that combine lithography, etching, and pyrolysis steps to yield carbon/silica thin‐film electrodes, at wafer scale. The presence of silica in the electrode material promotes strong interfacial adhesion to the substrate, dramatically increasing the number of measurements a single electrode can withstand without loss of performance. The thorough electroanalytical characterization by cyclic voltammetry in solutions containing representative redox species reveals an electrode performance comparable to that of glassy carbon for outer‐sphere redox processes. In addition, the modification of the electrode surface with metal nanoparticles allows for the sensitive detection of heavy metal ion pollutants.


Thirty women were examined by ultrasonic B‐scanning before and immediately after the insertion of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD). Fifteen women had the Lippes loop inserted, ten the coil (Gynekoil®), and five the steel band (Inhiband®). Both the polyethylene and metallic contraceptive devices were well visualized by ultrasound, and each gave an echo image corresponding to its shape. In addition to this, a woman who had, in spite of the Lippes loop, become pregnant and whose pregnancy was in the eighth week, counted from the beginning of her last menstruation, was examined. The ring‐like gestational sac could be seen in the fundus of the normal uterus. Further, the echo image of the Lippes loop was obtained from the inside of the uterus. The uterine size and the size of the gestational sac corresponded to the stage of the pregnancy as indicated by the patient.


While frontal lobe epilepsy accounts for only 1020% of patients in surgical series, the prevalence in non-surgical cohorts is probably higher. Frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) probably represents 2030% of partial seizures; calculating the prevalence of FLE in the UK from the National Institutes of Health estimates for the USA gives a figure of about 115,000, of whom 35,000 remain refractory to medical treatment. The International League Against Epilepsy has proposed a classification, compartmentalising different clinical manifestations into anatomical subdivisions of the frontal lobes of which there are many, with diverse functions1. However, FLE presents some particular diagnostic problems, both in the clinical and the electrographic diagnosis of seizure types. The extensive anatomical connections between subdivisions of the frontal lobe and between the frontal and other lobes blur these categories. Seizures may, for example, spread from temporal to orbitofrontal cortex (or vice versa) within milliseconds, giving substantial overlap between the seizure manifestations documented from these two regions2. FLE in general has been less well studied than temporal lobe epilepsy. Some consider that seizure freedom after surgery is the most reliable way of defining a particular localised syndrome and thus various conceptual aspects of FLE remain poorly understood.


Abstract By understanding students' readiness for learning in a virtual environment, instructors can apply pedagogical strategies that increase satisfaction and thereby reduce attrition rates.


The enterprises successful operation rest with getting the funds Great changes have taken place in financing environment of the enterprises of our country after entering WTO The banks should enhance in risk management when financing to the enterprises


• Second, pace classical views on logic, the contradictory character of Christ is nonproblematic as it doesn't seem to threaten sensible reasoning in any significant way. On the one hand, humans can keep reasoning sensibly from the inconsistent information that they have about Christ; on the other hand, and regardless of human cognitive achievements, the theories in which Christ is a contradictory entity, are unequivocally non-trivial.


In the Valdivian rainforest region of the Southern Chilean Andes three main ecosystems are found: Primary evergreen forests, secondary deciduous forests, and grassland areas. The secondary forest and the grasslands are habitually the result of the clearance of the primary forest some 60 years ago. The secondary forest consists mainly of the deciduous tree species Nothofagus alpina ; forest management practices such as crown thinning and clearance of the understorey are applied to the secondary forest to improve its economic value. The grasslands are used by extensive cattle grazing. Soils in this region are acid Andosols with high organic matter content, high exchangeable aluminum and low levels of available phosphorus. The main objective of this study was to investigate the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) plant species and of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in these three ecosystems. The highest diversity with 53 plant species was found in the evergreen forest with 77.4% of them AM, while in the grassland 91% of the 22 plant species were AM. The deciduous forest had 11 plant species only and the lowest proportion of AM plant species (55%). Thirty-nine AM fungal species were found in total, of which most are being reported for the first time from Southern Chile. Thirteen fungal species were of the A caulospora genus, 10 of Glomus , 4 species each of Scutellospora and Archaeospora , 3 species each of Pacispora and Entrophospora , and one species each of Paraglomus and Diversispora . AMF species were more abundant in the grassland (29 spp.) than in the evergreen forest (20 spp.) which is likely related to a higher relative proportion of AM plant species in the grassland. Four AMF species were present in all the ecosystems, and 15 species were apparently quite specific as they were only found in one of the ecosystems. Noteworthy was the lack of Paraglomus and Scutellospora spp. in any of the forest ecosystems, and the relatively higher presence of Entrophospora spores in those ecosystems. It was concluded that the diversity of the AMF species in the ecosystems is strongly influenced by the proportion of AM plant species in each ecosystem and that their diversity is not related to soil chemical properties.


The teaching of skin and venereal diseases as a compulsory subject at the medical faculty of the Kazan Imperial University began in 1872. Previously, this discipline was considered optional and its teaching was entrusted to obstetricians-gynecologists, surgeons and other specialists. The first head of the department was Alexander Genrikhovich Ge. He was born on October 26, 1842 in the family of a French language teacher at the 1st Kazan gymnasium. In 1865 he graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Kazan University with the right to present a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Medicine. From the fall of 1866 A.G. Ge worked in the Kazan provincial zemstvo hospital, where he headed the women's syphilitic department. In 1868, Alexander Genrikhovich defended his thesis for the degree of Doctor of Medicine and in 1870 was sent abroad at the expense of the Ministry of Iarod Education for 2 years abroad to study skin and venereal diseases. During this time, he worked in the clinics of the largest dermatologists - Gebra, Siegmund and Zeisl, in the laboratories of Stricker and Brcke (in Vienna and Wrzburg).


Aim: Study the effect of Sacubitril/valsartan (SV) combination therapy on renal functions in T2DM receiving canagliflozin (C). Methodology: Between July and Sept 2018, T2DM patients aged 18-75 yrs, irrespective of baseline A1c, receiving SVC or C were retrospectively identified. The use of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) was 28.6% in SVC gr and 57% in C gr. Propensity score 1:1 matching was done for gr receiving SVC (49 patients) with C (49 patients) for variables to minimise confounding. Patients were evaluated 3 mthly for cardio-renal biomarkers (BMI, A1c, SBP, DBP, Lipid profile (TC, LDL, TG, HDL), Hs-CRP, Nt-ProBNP, creatinine (Cr), eGFR and microalbumin/creatinine ratio {UACR}) for 1 yr. T2DM with H/O IHD, revasularisation, major surgery, K+>5.5Meq/L and eGFR Results: Baseline (B) characters: well matched except for age-yrs (SVC 61.27+9.43 and C 56+9.68, p-0.024) and NT-proBNP-pg/ml (SVC 438.68+758.13 vs. C 58.43+53.475, p-0.001). SVC, B-12mnths - S change in SBP, Hba1c, TC, LDL, TG, UACR and hs-CRP. C, B-12mnths - S change in BMI, SBP, DBP, HbA1c, TC, LDL, TG. SVC Versus C at 12mnths - No S difference seen for BMI-kg/m2 (SVC 0.381+0.297 vs. C 0.934+0.215, P-0.136), S-BP-mm (SVC 8.51+2.62 vs. C 6.429+2.349, p-0.556), D-BP-mm (SVC 2.143+1.582 vs. C 2.959+1.457, p-0.705), A1c-% (SVC 0.644+0.143 vs. C 0.677+0.190, p-0.88), Cr-mg% (SVC -0.009+0.025 vs. C 0.0067+0.0225, p-0.638), eGFR (SVC 1.307+2.388 vs. C 1.554+3.177, p-0.953), UACR mg/gm (SVC 52.876+22.684 vs. C 49.517+39.943, p-0.920), hs-CRP mg/L and Lipid Profile. There was no interaction with use of ARB for eGFR (p-0.074) and UACR (p-0.056). Conclusion: SV does not provide additional renal benefits in T2DM receiving C. Disclosure V. Gupta: None. V. Teli: None.


Abstract Background Among neglected zoonotic diseases, leishmaniases caused by Leishmania parasite through infected female sand fly bite, are a group of diseases found in 98 countries and territories representing a critical burden of disease worldwide. Vector management plays a crucial role in reducing the burden of vector-borne diseases by WHO's global plan. The objective of the current study was to assess the susceptibility status of wild phlebotomine sand flies from Esfahan Province, central Iran, to the recommended insecticides by WHO. Methods Sand flies were collected by mouth aspirator in Matin Abad desert Eco-resort and were tested using WHO adult mosquito test kit against Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) 4%, Deltamethrin 0.05%, Malathion 5% and Propoxur 0.1%. The number of knockdown sand flies were recorded during exposure time in ten minutes interval for DDT and Deltamethrin and they were allowed to recover for 24 hours. Knockdown Time50 (KD50) and KD90 were generated for them using Probit software. They were mounted and identified by valid keys. Results Among the tested insecticides against female Phlebotomus papatasi, DDT, Deltamethrin, and Malathion recorded the highest mortality rate of 100%, followed by Propoxur with 92.2% mortality for a one-hour exposure. For DDT, KD50 and KD90 were calculated 21.87 and 42.93 and for Deltamethrin, they were 23.74 and 56.50 minutes respectively. Total sand flies exposed with DDT and Deltamethrin shed their leg(s). Conclusion It is concluded that Ph. papatasi from central Iran is susceptible to DDT, Deltamethrin, Malathion, and Propoxur.


A simple electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement method to characterize the influence of microstructure on the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is proposed in this paper. The membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with and without the anodic micro porous layer (MPL) are evaluated respectively by EIS. The interaction of anode and cathode are on-line measured during the discharge regime of DMFC. By the separation of anode and cathode EIS, the effects of anodic MPL on the anode and cathode reaction are systematically discussed and analyzed in an operating DMFC. Moreover, the functions of anodic microstructure on the full cell impedance that correspond with the practical cell performance are interpreted reasonably.


Orientobilharzia turkestanica (Skrjabin, 1913 Srivastava, 1957), a blood fluke parasitizing the mesenteric and portal system of several species of ruminants in Asia and westward to France in Europe, has a wider distribution than that of Schistosoma japonicum. The present research is to invastigate the biological features of this trematode. Three uninfected lambs were used as experimental animals, and each of them was infected with considerable number of cercariae discharged from interior organ masses of 10 positive Radix auricularia and R. ovata. 46 days after infection, the three weakened lambs all passed mature eggs of O. turkestanica in their faeces. One lamb died in two months, the second died in three months after the infection. The third one which survived was kept in a place free of Orientobilharzia for three years, postmortem examinations of these sheep indicated that 93.75%-99.17% of worms recovered were found in the mesenteric veins and only 0.83%-6.25% in the portal vein.The faecal materials of the experimental sheep which survived 3 years were continuously examined. The number of miracidia hatching from the faeces decreased remarkably with the increase of duration of infection. It was concluded that as the Worms become older their gonads tend to degenerate and, hence, the number of eggs decreased. This was supported by the autopsy findings of the last sheep.Efforts were made to observe the hatching periodicity of the miracidia of 0. turkestanica. Altogether 65 grams of 40 faecal samples of the three experimental lambs were examined. The results indicated that a small number of miracidia hatched after the faeces were immersed in water for 2-3 hours. The number of miracidia diminished or vanished in the afternoon and night. In the forenoon of the second day, about 60%-70% of miracidia began to hatch. The number again decreased in the afternoon and then slopped hatching totally on the third, fourth and fifth day, there were still about 9%, 1% and 0.5% of miracidia hatching out respectively in the forenoon. Another experiment was conducted in a dark room and the similar phenomenon were noted. The last experiment was conducted under continuous artificial light irradiation for three days, under which large number of the eggs died. Those which remained alive, were found to be able to hatch out in each forenoon of the second and third day.


A highly porous carbonaceous material was formed from hemoglobin, which is a natural compound that could be abundantly and inexpensively obtained. Porous carbonized hemoglobin was formed using MgO nanoparticles as a template; in addition, heat treatment of the carbonized hemoglobin with ammonia was performed. Two series of ammonia treatments were examined: long-time heat treatments at various temperatures and high-temperature heat treatments for various times. The specific surface area and, in particular, the pore volume were increased by the ammonia treatment most efficiently at a high temperature for a short period of time. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed a significant decrease in the surface nitrogen concentration and a slight decrease in the surface Fe concentration by the ammonia treatment. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure at the Fe K-edge indicated that Fe was coordinated with four nitrogen atoms (Fe–N4 moiety) in the ammonia-treated carbonized hemoglobin. The oxygen reduction ac...


Shopping bags have posed significant environmental burdens. The integrated model of theory of planned behavior (TPB) and norm activation model (NAM) was proposed to predict individuals' choice of shopping bags. Data from a cross-sectional study with a total of 536 respondents in Vietnam was used to test the proposed models and hypotheses. Results from linear regressions indicated that socioeconomic factors possibly were confounding factors for the main associations. Results from structural equation modeling showed that revised TPB, revised NAM and integrated model of TPB and NAM were good fit. Controlling for socioeconomic factors, mediation analyses showed that personal norms mediated the relationship between. The results of this research contribute to theory development in the area of pro-environmental purchase behavior.


The invention especially relates to identified alkaloid compounds with novel skeletons extracted and separated from purslane and an extraction and separation method thereof, belonging to the field of extraction and separation of traditional Chinese medicines. The alkaloid compounds with novel skeletons have molecular formulas of C18H26N2O, C18H24N2O2 and C18H28N2O2, respectively, and are named as oleracimine, oleracimine A and oleracone A, respectively. The invention also provides an extraction and separation method for the novel components. The extraction and separation method successively carries out extraction through water decoction, ethyl acetate extraction and column chromatography on silica gel, an ODS medium-pressure column and Sephadex LH-20 so as to successfully extract and separate the novel alkaloid compounds with unique skeletons. The novel alkaloid compounds have anti-inflammatory, pain-easing and antineoplastic effect. The compounds and salts or derivatives thereof can be used as lead compounds for synthesis of other compounds and as raw materials for development of novel drugs and research on pharmacological activity, and are applicable to preparation of anti-inflammatory, pain-easing and antineoplastic drugs or health products.


Friedland's Lower Matching Conjecture asserts that if $G$ is a $d$--regular bipartite graph on $v(G)=2n$ vertices, and $m_k(G)$ denotes the number of matchings of size $k$, then $$m_k(G)\geq {n \choose k}^2\left(\frac{d-p}{d}\right)^{n(d-p)}(dp)^{np},$$ where $p=\frac{k}{n}$. When $p=1$, this conjecture reduces to a theorem of Schrijver which says that a $d$--regular bipartite graph on $v(G)=2n$ vertices has at least $$\left(\frac{(d-1)^{d-1}}{d^{d-2}}\right)^n$$ perfect matchings. L. Gurvits proved an asymptotic version of the Lower Matching Conjecture, namely he proved that $$\frac{\ln m_k(G)}{v(G)}\geq \frac{1}{2}\left(p\ln \left(\frac{d}{p}\right)+(d-p)\ln \left(1-\frac{p}{d}\right)-2(1-p)\ln (1-p)\right)+o_{v(G)}(1).$$
In this paper, we prove the Lower Matching Conjecture. In fact, we will prove a slightly stronger statement which gives an extra $c_p\sqrt{n}$ factor compared to the conjecture if $p$ is separated away from $0$ and $1$, and is tight up to a constant factor if $p$ is separated away from $1$. We will also give a new proof of Gurvits's and Schrijver's theorems, and we extend these theorems to $(a,b)$--biregular bipartite graphs.


The foundation, in 1884, of the Bureau des constatations médicales, responsible of the medical authentification of the miraculous healings in Lourdes, signals the start of a " medicalization of the miracle". The Catholic physicians establish their competence in the discrimination of " true" and " false" mysticism and value a medical apologetic aimed at responding to the rationalistic critics. However, since the 1920s, their authory has been challenged by Catholic psychologists, led by the Italian Franciscan Agostino Gemelli, future president of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, who marks himself out as an opponent of the stigmatized Padre Pio and fights for a positive apologetic based on the autonomy of sciences, against the religious appropriation of sciences by Catholic physicians. The scientific discussions over the Marian apparitions of Beauraing (Belgium) illustrate this clash between medical and psychological apologetics. They exemplify the process of " psychologization of mysticism", highlighted by Michel de Certeau, and the rise of a modern criticism of mystical phenomena, which owes not only to psychology but also to the development of a lay spirituality, detached from popular religion.


Smoke inhalation injury is a serious threat to victims of fires and explosions, however accurate diagnosis of patients remains problematic. Current evaluation techniques are highly subjective, often involving the integration of clinical findings with bronchoscopic assessment. It is apparent that new quantitative methods for evaluating the airways of patients at risk of inhalation injury are needed. Optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) is a high resolution optical imaging modality that enables volumetric microscopy of the trachea and upper airways in vivo. We anticipate that OFDI may be a useful tool in accurately assessing the airways of patients at risk of smoke inhalation injury by detecting injury prior to the onset of symptoms, and therefore guiding patient management. To demonstrate the potential of OFDI for evaluating smoke inhalation injury, we conducted a preclinical study in which we imaged the trachea/upper airways of 4 sheep prior to, and up to 60 minutes post exposure to cooled cotton smoke. OFDI enabled the visualization of increased mucus accumulation, mucosal thickening, epithelial disruption and sloughing, and increased submucosal signal intensity attributed to polymorphonuclear infiltrates. These results were consistent with histopathology findings. Bronchoscopic inspection of the upper airways appeared relatively normal with only mild accumulation of mucus visible within the airway lumen. The ability of OFDI to not only accurately detect smoke inhalation injury, but to quantitatively assess and monitor the progression or healing of the injury over time may provide new insights into the management of patients such as guiding clinical decisions regarding the need for intubation and ventilator support.


Regardless of reform goal, organizational structure or program area, competent judicial system performance depends upon effective leadership. Despite this fact, judicial administration research has ignored systematic study of successful trial court leaders and lead ership teams and organizational arrangements that breed effective leaders. As a result we fail to study, much less understand, the most basic aspects of effective judicial administration and successful judicial reform. Four concepts ? organizational performance, lead ership effectiveness, qualitative and quantitative measures and application ? provide the underpinning of a selective review of the relevant management and judicial administration literature. lb build an empirically based, reliable understanding of judicial leadership excellence, we must begin from study of state trial court leaders and leadership teams who have been successful in one of two ways: either (1) consistently maintaining acceptable case pro cessing times thus preventing excessive delay; or (2) significantly reducing delay. Following this initial step we would have a better understanding of the relationship between leadership and organiza tional performance, the characteristics of effective leaders and lead ership teams and robust effectiveness criteria beyond case disposi tion times.


Wireless sensor network (WSN) is composed of a large number of sensors which collect information on the surrounding environment and transmit them to the base station. The sensor nodes are typically powered by non-rechargeable battery, resulting in that energy efficiency and maximization of network lifetime are great challenges. Sensor clustering is one of the key techniques employed to tackle them. In this paper we propose a novel dynamic level-based routing protocol based on the clustered WSN. Here the nodes in a cluster form a hierarchy with the root as the cluster-head (CH), while the level of each member node is decided based on the distance to the CH. Computer simulation shows that the proposed scheme effectively reduces and balances the energy consumption among the nodes, and as a result significantly extends the network lifetime compared to the existing schemes such as LEACH, PEGASIS, and TREEPSI.


The ways in which couples are formed and their relational dynamics in rural communities of Madagascar are examined here. Focus is trained more specifically on the role of the family in the choice of spouse and the birth of the first child. Analysis of quantitative and qualitative data collected in a rural district of Hautes Terres showed that on the one hand young women and men have considerable freedom in the choice of spouse, yet on the other that the family's control over the couple's fecundity_mainly concerning the birth of the first child_is still very strong. Socio-economic changes such as the development of migrations and schooling, land saturation or monetarization of the economy have enabled couples to gain a certain degree of autonomy in relation to their family. Marriage no longer represents a great collective issue, whereas procreation remains under family control, to the point that a couple who do not provide rapid proof of their fertility can be pressurized into breaking up.


Objective To investigate the clinical significance of detecting IGF-1 level in children with Henoch-schoenlein purpura(HSP) or Henoch-schoenlein purpura nephritis(HSPN).Methods Ninty children in total with HSP or HSPN and normal children were recruited.And they were divided into three groups:the HSP group with 31 cases,the HSPN group with 28 cases,and the control group with 31 cases.The serum level of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) was tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) respectively.At the same time,total urine protein level in 24 hours was determined in 28 HSPN children.Results(1) The serum level of IGF-1 in the control group was(0.272 2±0.107 1) ng/L,while that in the HSP group was(0.599 9±0.346 8)ng/L,and that in the HSPN group was(0.906 0±0.346 8)ng/L.There existed significant difference among the three groups(F=22.98,P0.05),and serum level of IGF-1 in the HSPN group was higher than that in the HSP group and the control group(P0.05).(2) Among 12 cases of children who underwent renal puncture biopsy,the highest serum level of IGF-1 was 1.376 ng/L,while the lowest level was 0.187 ng/L,and serum IGF-1 level has a tendency of becoming higher with the severity of histopathological changes.(3) Serum IGF-1 level of the HSPN children with proteinuria is higher than that of the HSPN children without proteinuria(P0.05).There was no significant difference between the serum IGF-1 level of the HSP children with and without hematuria(P0.05).(4) The serum IGF-1 level increases with the protein level in the uria becoming higher among HSPN group(P0.05).Conclusion Increasing serum level of IGF-1 was observed in the acute onset period of HSP,also this increasing level could be related to the degree of proteinuria,it thus can be an index for predicting early stage of glomerulus and nephric tubule injury.Therefore,serum level of IGF-1 may be indicative of a renal involvement in HSP.


In recent years, the employment situation is very grim college students, college students' employment has been much attention of society. And college graduates fresh blood as a social productive forces and advanced technical representative force, the development process for society as a whole has very great significance, so it is very important to carry out the task of teaching of college graduates' employment guidance. This paper describes the current situation of employment guidance, and the actual situation, analyze and summarize the employment of college graduates in the problems and propose effective solutions strategy to promote college employment guidance can smoothly expand and enhance graduates' employability.


We investigate fourth‐order equations with Dirichlet‐type boundary conditions with perturbation unbounded from above making the problem non‐potential. We apply variational method to some auxiliary problem and conclude about the existence and uniqueness to the original one. Multiple solutions are also considered. We conclude our note with the result pertaining to the continuous dependence on parameters.


Vaccines save millions of lives every year, and improve the quality of life for countless others. Ultrafiltration (UF) is a size-based separation that is used in nearly all vaccine processes for product concentration, impurity clearance, and buffer adjustment. Polyethersulfone (PES) UF membranes, such as Biomax® from MilliporeSigma, are widely used in the industry. An advancement in the PES membrane manufacturing process can enable better uniformity, improved control of the membrane pore size, and the capability to produce custom variants that could enhance yield, purity, efficiency, and economics in new or existing vaccine processes.


This paper proposes a method for abstracting control systems by timed game automata, and is aimed at obtaining automatic controller synthesis.
The proposed abstraction is based on partitioning the state space of a control system using positive and negative invariant sets, generated by Lyapunov functions. This partitioning ensures that the vector field of the control system is transversal to the facets of the cells, which induces some desirable properties of the abstraction. To allow a rich class of control systems to be abstracted, the update maps of the timed game automaton are extended.
Conditions on the partitioning of the state space and the control are set up to obtain sound abstractions. Finally, an example is provided to demonstrate the method applied to a control problem related to navigation.


The physiological adaption of the fetus to the low oxygen environment in utero will be reviewed in order to understand the effects of smoking in preg nancy. The fetus in utero is in a state of "physiologi cal hypoxia" with a mean umbilical vein Po 2 of 35 mm Hg and a mean umbilical artery Po 2 of 22 mm Hg. 1 The low oxygen tension causes patency of the ductus arteriosus and constriction of the pumlmon-ary vasculature. The fetus can survive in this state of physiological hypoxia through a number of adaptive mechanisms which include: (1) fetal hemoglobin (HbF) which has a greater oxygen affinity than adult hemoglobin (HbA); (2) a higher hematocrit; and (3) higher cardiac output due to the combination of a faster heart rate and a higher stroke volume. As a result of these changes the fetus is able to survive at a low oxygen tension. It is because of these mecha nisms, however, that the fetus is more susceptible to the toxic effects of tobacco smoke.


Presented article deals with implementation of CAFM (computer aided facility management) software and its impact on company boundary processes strengthening, thus efficiency improvement. First, theoretically introduces the reader into the problematic of facility management and its place in a company. Next various types of CAFM are presented. Final part of the article focuses on economic evaluation of CAFM implementation into a company.


The word protein first appeared in scientific literature in 1838. It was used by Mulder as the designation of the complex radical which he thought to be combined with sulfur and phosphorus in the proteins as they occur in nature, and it has been commonly assumed that he himself originated the new term. That this is incorrect has recently been pointed out by Sir Harold Hartley"' who, in the course of preparing an address commemorating the centenary of the death of Berzelius, found that Berzelius had suggested the word protein to Mulder in a letter written from Stockholm on July 10, 1838.' Inasmuch as the correct origin of this word has been almost universally overlooked, the sequence of events which led to its publication may be of interest. Mulder's investigations of proteins were begun in 1835 with chemical analyses of silk' and were soon extended to include fibrin, serum and egg albumin, gelatin, and a preparation of what is today known as wheat glutenin, together with various products derived from these substances by the action of acids and alkalies. Certain apparent regularities in the ultimate composition of the preparations convinced him of the presence in each of them of what contemporary chemical theory regarded as an oxidized basic radical which combined in simple ratios with sulfur and phosphorus to give the substances as they are found in nature. The name "protein," derived from the Greek adjective Wipw7qxo , meaning of the first rank or position, was given to this radical. Mulder was convinced of the importance of these results and took what today seem rather extreme steps to provide for their wide dissemination. Two papers were published in journals of which he was himself an editor. In one of these, Natuuren scheikundig Archief, his accounte appears in volume 6 under the title "Over Proteine en hare Verbindingen en Ontledingsproducten" and runs from pages 87 to 162. A briefer article was


The utility model relates to a novel anorectum probe consisting of a probe body and a probe hole. The probe body is a flexible hollow circular tube, and one end of the probe body is an obtuse probe head. Scales are arranged on the probe body, and the probe hole is arranged in the center of the probe head. The anorectum probe can be bent at will so as to be suitable for the direction of a fistula pipeline; the central probe hole can be connected with a silk thread and a rubber band so as to be convenient for the operation of the high-position anal fistula thread-drawing therapy; and a coloring agent or a contrast agent can be injected into the hollow probe body, so that the direction and the internal opening position of the complicated fistula can be judged easily. The novel anorectum probe has the advantages of being reasonable and simple in structure, simple and convenient in operation, easy for manufacturing, good in flexibility because of being made of sliver materials, convenient to disinfect and easy in clinical popularization.


Hybrid vehicles require an energy storage device capable of delivering or absorbing high specific powers (powers per unit of the device size), and still, in some cases, adequate levels of specific energy.


The aim of the work was to determine the possible application of additive manufacturing technology during the manufacturing process as close as possible to reality of medical simulator-trainers. In work were used some additive manufacturing technologies: selective laser sintering (SLS), fused deposition modeling (FDM), binder Jetting. As a result, a prototype of simulator-trainer of the human head operating field, which based on the CT real patient, was manufactured and conducted its tests. It was found that structure, which is obtained with the use of 3D-printers ProJet 160, most appropriate and closest to the real properties of the bone.


Users' postadoption usage is crucial to the success of mobile service providers. From a dual perspective, this research examined the effects of trust, satisfaction as enablers, and switching barrier as inhibitors on the postadoption usage of mobile services. A survey was used to collect data, and data analysis was conducted with structural equation modeling. The results indicated that trust, satisfaction, and switching barrier have significant effects on the postadoption usage. In addition, service quality and perceived value strongly affect trust and satisfaction, whereas switching cost determines switching barrier. These results advance our understanding of mobile users' postadoption usage as extant research has focused on using a single perspective of enablers such as perceived usefulness to examine mobile user behavior.


This paper mainly states the instructive significance of holding the "Govern for the People's benefit" concept for the reform of the current construction anti-fire management model, the fully use social force and the form of construction anti-fire management system which accommodates the socialized anti-fire structure. Furthermore, some personal views will be raised on how to materialize the "Govern for the People's Benefit" concept in the talent team build-up and the transformation of operation mechanism in construction anti-fire management.


In parallel to the improvements experienced in information and communication systems in recent years, any use of Internet, especially the social networks by children and adolescents has been noticed to be increasing gradually. Use of social networks that starts at early ages has exposed children to some dangers. For that reason, the responsibility for teachers and parents upon raising the awareness of students for the threats possible to be encountered on the internet and upon being a guide and role model appears. As in other different branches, the role of Religious Culture and Moral Knowledge (RCMK) teachers upon being a guide and role model has also gradually increased. Subsequent to this study, needs of Religious Culture and Moral Knowledge teachers on this issue could be determined, and necessary seminars could be prepared. In this period when we live with social networks, it seems important in terms of teachers to raise the awareness and be aware of their responsibilities on their students.


An existing demonstrator for E-maintenance solutions for advanced aviation maintenance staff was extended to incorporate abilities as a collaborative environment for developers of sustainable prod ...


FIELD: polymer materials. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to matrix resin composition for carbon fiber-reinforced plastic capable of acquiring desired shape. Composition contains bifunctional or trifunctional liquid diisocyanate, bifunctional polyol, and bifunctional chain elongator containing group with active hydrogen atom at molar ratio of functional groups of diisocyanate, polyol, and elongator (5.0-1.0):1.0:(4.0-0.2), respectively. Method of preparing carbon fiber-reinforced plastic is also claimed. Invention related to shape-memory composite materials and can be used in space engineering. EFFECT: enlarged assortment of shape-memory plastics. 4 cl, 3 tbl, 3 ex


This volume describes the theories and numerical formulations used in developing transient, multidimensional numerical models of both fluidized bed and the entrained flow coal gasification reactors as well as the applications of the two developed computer models to the simulation of actual reactor processes. Results of these computer simulations are then compared with available experimental data.


Debit-credit bookkeeping has experienced a history of more than 510 years.Debit-credit bookkeeping becomes the mainstream in accountancy with positive significance because of its relatively clear corresponding relation and rigorous scientific theory.However,debit-credit bookkeeping still has certain deficiencies as a tool and manner for people to learn and transform the world;it needs constant renewal and perfection,so as to meet the need of the social development.Just for such a purpose,combining with teaching experience and theoretical research for many years,the author set forth his views to the basis of debit-credit bookkeeping——the drawbacks in the system of putting equal importance on both of the "real" and the "unreal" accounts,and put forward his own ideas about the new debit-credit bookkeeping.


Objective: This study aimed to determine the risk factors of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) from different variables including serum homocysteine (Hcy) in a group of Chinese patients.
Methods: A total of 139 patients with CSVD admitted to the affiliated hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from July 2017 to July 2018 were enrolled. Fifty healthy individuals were selected as controls. According to the diagnostic criteria, the CSVD patients were divided into three groups, namely, lacunar infarction (LI) group (n=59), white matter lesion (WML) group (n=46), and LI+WML group (n=34). The serum Hcy levels of the three groups were observed and compared. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine whether a number of variables including serum Hcy level are the risk factors of CSVD.
Results: Hypertension, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(LDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and Hcy were significantly higher in CSVD group than the control group (P < 0.05). The age, gender, SBP, platelet, TG, and Hcy were significantly different between the LI group, WML group, and LI+WML groups (P<0.05). The age and Hcy level of patients in LI+WML group were higher than those of the LI group and WML group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The level of SBP was higher in the LI group than the WML group (P < 0.05). The Hcy level of patients in the LI group was higher than that in the WML group, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). The platelet and TG were significantly higher in WML group than LI group and LI+WML group (P < 0.05). Controlling the influence of sex and age, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the Hcy levels were correlated with the incidence of the CSVD.
Conclusion: Serum Hcy level is a risk factor for CSVD. Regular detection of serum Hcy level and timely intervention may effectively prevent and control the occurrence and development of CSVD.


The influence of urban environment on the state of Scotch pine needles, cones and seeds is considered in the article. The morphometric characteristics of needles and cones, as well as indices of seed quality and physiological characteristics of pine needles have been used as assessment criteria. The results of the study conducted indicate of the statistically confirmed deterioration of Scotch pine condition on urban territories polluted by vehicles emissions. The most visible parameters of Scotch pine situation under the conditions of a city are the length and mass of cones, seed germination vigor and catalase activity in the needles. The data obtained can be used in the bioindicative evaluation of the state of Scotch pines growing under the conditions of Orenburg.


Mobile agent is a new technology which is very promising in network management area. Firstly,this paper introduces the architecture of network management based on mobile agent.Then according to the feature of Java programming language, it discusses its advantages in developing mobile agent and several technological implementation methods.At last, it gives out an example.


In this paper, the authors propose a multiband antenna with double V-shape monopole and modified ground plane. However, the proposed antenna can be operated in according to bands of Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM850/900), Digital Communication System (DCS1800), Personal Communication System (PCS1900), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), WCDMA 2100, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN IEEE 802.11b/g), and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX). Several parameters of the proposed antenna will be investigated by simulation using the full wave method of moment (MOM) software package from IE3D. The antenna prototype with optimum values of the antenna parameters is fabricated and experimented. The details of design, simulation and experiment will be discussed in the following sections.


Formulation development of protein therapeutics using polymeric nanoparticles has found very little success in recent years. Major formulation challenges include rapid denaturation, susceptibility to lose bioactivity in presence of organic solvents and poor encapsulation in polymeric matrix. In the present study, we have prepared hydrophobic ion pairing (HIP) complex of lysozyme, a model protein, using dextran sulfate (DS) as a complexing polymer. We have optimized the process of formation and dissociation of HIP complex between lysozyme and DS. The effect of HIP complexation on enzymatic activity of lysozyme was also studied. Nanoparticles were prepared and characterized using spontaneous emulsion solvent diffusion method. Furthermore, we have also investigated release of lysozyme from nanoparticles along with its enzymatic activity. Results of this study indicate that nanoparticles can sustain the release of lysozyme without compromising its enzymatic activity. HIP complexation using a polymer may also be employed to formulate sustained release dosage forms of other macromolecules with enhanced encapsulation efficiency.


Hyperlipidemia is an abnormality in the lipoprotein metabolism that leads to alterations in the various lipoproteins and the prevalence was 37.5% in age
group of 15 - 64 years. Hypercholesterolemia was identified to be the risk factor for coronary artery disease and cerobrovascular disease. Statins are the hypolipidemic drugs which helps in lowering the blood cholesterol and
lipoprotein levels that acts by inhibiting the 3-Hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A [HMG-CoA] reductase enzyme. Apart from various adverse effects mentioned in textbooks, there were case reports mentioning that statins can be a
cause for the development of acute pancreatitis [AP], where there was an elevation in the levels of serum lipase, serum amylase and blood glucose. Hence, it was hypothesized in this present study that, statin therapy in hyperlipidemic
patients increases the levels of serum lipase and blood glucose Three months of treatment with atorvastatin or rosuvastatin significantly increases the levels of serum lipase and blood glucose when compared with the
base line.


The applications of electricity to chemical processes are increasing at a startling rate. In this article the development of electrochemical processes including the production of many metals and other products is reviewed, and the amounts of electric energy consumed by the various processes over the past 10 or 15 years are given. Predictions are made for a greatly expanding use of electricity in the next decade.


This paper integrates the prospect theory with two-product ordering problem and adopts Bayesian forecasting model under Brownian motion to propose a loss-averse two-product ordering model with demand information updating in a two-echelon inventory system. We also derive all psychological perceived revenue functions for sixteen supply-demand cases as well as the expected value functions and prospect value function for the loss-averse retailer. To solve this model, a Monte Carlo algorithm is presented to estimate the high dimensional integrals with curved polyhedral integral region of unknown volume. Numerical results show that the optimal order quantities of both high-risk product and low-risk product vary across different psychological reference points, which are also affected by information updating, and the loss-averse retailer benefits considerably from information updating. All results suggest that our model provides a better description of the retailer$'$s actual ordering behavior than existing models.


BACKGROUND
With the accelerated development of aging, the health problems of rural elderly are becoming increasingly severe.

OBJECTIVE
The study aims to understand the mental health issues of the rural older population.

METHODS
The risk factor analysis and the disease risk assessment are utilized to analyze the impacts of depression on older adults. First, the prevalence of depression in China's rural older population is counted and analyzed. Next, both single and multi-factor analyses are employed to analyze the degree of depression among rural older adults quantitatively, and the existing risk factors are determined. The multiple risk factors and multi-source logistic regression algorithm establish the risk assessment model of depression in the rural older population. Finally, the risk factors of depression in older adults are calculated by analyzing and processing the above statistical data. A risk assessment model of depression is built, whose sensitivity and specificity are tested.

RESULTS
Single-factor analysis and multi-factor analysis reveal 20 vital influencing factors of depression in older adults, such as cognitive ability, emotional state, and memory. The sensitivity and specificity of the risk assessment model based on multi-factor logistic regression are 87.3%80.2%, respectively, capable of effectively assessing and screening the potential population of depression among older adults.

CONCLUSIONS
This model provides a scientific basis for screening out and preventing older adults' mental health issues with depression and improving older adults' quality of life.


object of the present invention is to provide a traversal needs to include a multi-room cleaning area, to reduce the travel route repeated cleaning method of cleaning robot. That is, a method of cleaning the navigation extended edgewise cleaning robot, the cleaning robot travels along the wall of the outer wall of the room, during which the number of times the cleaning robot direction away from the wall away from the outer wall to the outer wall of the wall moving and cleaning the floor. After the outer wall cleaning robot every time a certain distance away from the wall or encounter an obstacle, a first predetermined rotation angle, and then travels for a predetermined distance, and then to return to the wall of the outer wall, traversal of the region to be cleaned and clean.


Japanese National Railways, famous for its Kammon undersea tunnel, is now carrying out his next marine geological survey in three localities, i. e. Tsugaru, Akashi and Naruto Straits. We can have much more useful methods than in Kammon days, and so the secret of deeper, wider, and rapidswifting sea bottom is revealed step by step by tight combination of all possible survey works.


This article describes how images could be forged using different techniques, and the most common forgery is copy-move forgery, in which a part of an image is duplicated and placed elsewhere in the same image. This article describes a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based method to accurately localize the tampered regions, which combines color filter array (CFA) features. The CFA interpolation algorithm introduces the correlation and consistency among the pixels, which can be easily destroyed by most image processing operations. The proposed CNN method can effectively distinguish the traces caused by copy-move forgeries and some post-processing operations. Additionally, it can utilize the classification result to guide the feature extraction, which can enhance the robustness of the learned features. This article, per the authors, tests the proposed method in several experiments. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the method on different forgeries and quantifies its robustness and sensitivity.


Using PSF and PES as membrane materials, NMP as solvent and water as coagulant agent, the basement membranes for preparing composite membranes were prepared via L-S phase inversion. The uniform design was applied to optimize the membrane preparation conditions, and the experimental data were disposed by SPSS software, then a regression equation was established. The regression equation obtained can describe the influences of PSE/PES concentration, PES concentration in the mixture, PVP and acetone concentration and their interaction on membrane permeation. The calculation results of the regression equation agree well with the experimental data. For a given content of PES, with increasing the gross content of PSF/PES, the content of PVP and acetone determined by optimization calculation will increase, while the pure water flux will decrease accordingly. At 0.1 MPa, the pure water flux of membrane prepared under the direction of above study is 290.6 L·m·2·h·1 and the retention to albumin bovine is 88.2%.


It is shown that electromagnetic vortices can act as beam guides for charged particles. The confinement in the transverse directions is due to the rotation of the electric and magnetic fields around the vortex line. A large class of exact solutions describing various types of relativistic beams formed by an electromagnetic wave with a simple vortex line is found both in the classical and in the quantum case. In the second case, the motion in the transverse direction is fully quantized. Particle trajectories trapped by a vortex are very similar to those in a helical undulator.


In this paper we propose the usage of bond wires as antennas for chip-to-chip communications. A wireless bond-wire communication link is designed and investigated experimentally. A lumped element two-port equivalent circuit model is established using a system-identification-based combined Bartlett-Brune approach.


PurposeAlgorithms are widely used to manage various activities in the gig economy. Online car-hailing platforms, such as Uber and Lyft, are exemplary embodiments of such algorithmic management, where drivers are managed by algorithms for task allocation, work monitoring and performance evaluation. Despite employing substantially, the platforms face the challenge of maintaining and fostering drivers' work engagement. Thus, this study aims to examine how the algorithmic management of online car-hailing platforms affects drivers' work engagement.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the transactional theory of stress, the authors examined the effects of algorithmic monitoring and fairness on online car-hailing drivers' work engagement and revealed the mediation effects of challenge-hindrance appraisals. Based on survey data collected from 364 drivers, the authors' hypotheses were examined using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The authors also applied path comparison analyses to further compare the effects of algorithmic monitoring and fairness on the two types of appraisals.FindingsThis study finds that online car-hailing drivers' challenge-hindrance appraisals mediate the relationship between algorithmic management characteristics and work engagement. Algorithmic monitoring positively affects both challenge and hindrance appraisals in online car-hailing drivers. However, algorithmic fairness promotes challenge appraisal and reduces hindrance appraisal. Consequently, challenge and hindrance appraisals lead to higher and lower work engagement, respectively. Further, the additional path comparison analysis showed that the hindering effect of algorithmic monitoring exceeds its challenging effect, and the challenge-promoting effect of algorithmic fairness is greater than the algorithm's hindrance-reducing effect.Originality/valueThis paper reveals the underlying mechanisms concerning how algorithmic monitoring and fairness affect online car-hailing drivers' work engagement and fills the gap in the research on algorithmic management in the context of online car-hailing platforms. The authors' findings also provide practical guidance for online car-hailing platforms on how to improve the platforms' algorithmic management systems.


The town of Bridgetown, Nova Scotia, is considering switching its fresh water supply from surface water to groundwater to help lower operational and maintenance costs. Preliminary chemical analysis of the groundwater has shown elevated uranium concentrations. The purpose of this study is to determine if the source of uranium in the groundwater is within the Triassic Wolfville Formation aquifer, which underlies the Bridgetown region. Drill core from Paradise, near Bridgetown, and well cuttings from the test wells at Bridgetown were analyzed and logged to better understand the stratigraphy of the Wolfville Formation and to determine which, if any, horizons has elevated uranium that can be leached in the groundwater. Gamma logging of the Paradise drill core indicates that some layers within the core have twice the background levels of radiation, suggesting that the Wolfville Formation may indeed be the source of elevated uranium in the groundwater.


A table of 61 plants which are used around the world in folk medicine as contraceptives is presented. These medicines should act as contraceptives as opposed to abortifacient agents or emmenagogues although 25 do not fulfill that requirement. Such agents should allow normal resumption of the menstrual cycle after use and should not cause changes in libido while hindering the fertilization nidation or development of the ovum. Women and tribal shamans often closely guard the secrets of such plant contraceptives since men in many of the cultures want to have large families. In cultures where infant mortality is high contraceptives are very seldom used.


We present an analytical approach to the problem of the interband transitions in an armchair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR), exposed to the time-periodic electric field of strong light wave, polarized parallel to the ribbon axis. The two-dimensional Dirac equation for the massless electron subject to the ribbon confinement is employed. In the resonant approximation the probability of the transitions between the valence and conduction size-quantized subbands are calculated in an explicit form. We trace the dependencies of the Rabi frequency for these transitions on the ribbon width and electric field strength for both the multiphoton-assisted and tunneling regimes relevant to the fast oscillating and practically constant electric field, respectively. Estimates of the expected experimental values for the typically employed AGNR and laser technique facilities show that the Rabi oscillations can be observed under laboratory conditions. The data, corresponding to the intersubband tunneling, makes the AGNR a 1D condensed matter analog, in which the quantum electrodynamic vacuum decay can be detected by the employment of the attainable electric fields.


This study aims to determine the absorption and ability of hydrogels to hold water. The hydrogel was synthesized using the freeze-thaw method, then the absorption ability and water retention time in the hydrogel were tested and characterized by FTIR and trinocular stereo microscope. The FTIR results showed that the resulting hydrogel had N–H, O–H, aliphatic C–H, bend N–H, C–O, and C–N functional groups. The highest absorption of the hydrogel with a ratio of cellulose:chitosan:EDTA variations of 2:2.25:0.25 (g) respectively, which was 287.46% and the appearance of the hydrogel under a microscope showed that the structure of the hydrogel was rather hollow, so that it affected its absorption.


The State is an institution that should be considered as a complex multilevel system, whose managerial effectiveness depends to a large extent on the professional training of its human resources. The purpose of this article is to investigate and reveal the specificities of the process of professionalization of the public service in the context of global challenges and modern social changes. In the study, the essence and understanding of the concept of professionalization was considered, which made it possible to distinguish such approaches as: scientific, normative and legal, professional and educational. The main functions of professionalization of the public service are defined. It is noted that the public service professionalization system has a relationship with the environment, so it maintains the balance and order of its internal environment and resists chaos. Professionalization is studied as a process in the conditions of global challenges and modern social changes. It is concluded that, considering the professionalization of public service as a process in the conditions of global challenges and modern social changes, it is necessary to take into account the opinions and positions of professionals to achieve the best results in this field.


NiTiHf and NiTiAu are exciting candidates amongst an emerging class of high temperature shape memory alloys (HTSMAs), exhibiting properties conducive to actuator applications in demanding automotive and aerospace environments. NiTiHf can be tailored to achieve a highly favorable balance of properties, including high strength, stability, and work output at temperatures up to 300°C, yet at a reduced cost compared to Pt, Pd, and Au containing counterparts [1]. NiTiAu shows potential for work output at much higher temperatures – where the benefits may offset cost – but additional research is needed. These investigations focus on developing a fundamental understanding of the inherent microstructure-property relationships for these NiTi-based HTSMAs. The attractive characteristics seen in many of these systems are strongly influenced by the formation of nano-scale precipitates. Advanced electron characterization techniques are used to explore the interaction of these precipitates with martensite at low temperature, and with dislocations at higher temperature. These insights are further incorporated into microstructural modeling frameworks with the aim of developing accurate simulations of polycrystalline functional response.


Oxidation of IrAl alloys (50-50 at.%) was conducted at 1300 and 1600°C in air for different times. Due to the outward diffusion of Al atoms and subsequent oxidation, the formation of Al_2O_3 is accompanied with the generation of an Ir-rich phase in the vicinity areas. The oxidation zone is separated from the bulk IrAl alloy by a phase boundary. In the oxidation zones, alternating layers of Al_2O_3 and Ir-rich phase are produced at 1300°C, while irregularly intertwined; Al_2O_3 and Ir-rich phase are produced at 1600 °C. The discontinuous formation of Al_2O_3 gives rise to internal oxidation of the IrAl alloys. The thickness of the Al_2O_3 layer is in the range of tens of micrometer, and it grows thicker as its location gets farther away from the free surface. The formation of an Al_2O_3/Ir-rich phase layered structure is discussed based on the diffusion kinetics of O, Al, and Ir, the chemical reactivities of Al and Ir with respect to O, and the nucleation and growth kinetics of Al_2O_3.


Law Number 5 Year 2014 on State Civil Apparatus (ASN) is in the process of amendment in the House of Representatives. The discussion process has been conducted since the end of 2016 with the focus of discussion related to K-2 honorary staff, KASN existence and ASN management. Amendment of the law as a response of the House of Representatives to the wave of demonstrations conducted by K-2 honorary workers. The amendment law is intended to complement, improve or refine existing. Therefore, the amendment of law No. 5 of 2014 on ASN needs to be done carefully with various considerations in the goal that the law will be more able to provide an integral law for the State Civil Apparatus (ASN).


Objective: To investigate the relationship between the severity of coronary artery lesions to mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ(PPARγ) and the serum level of adiponectin in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods:According to the results of coronary angiography(CAG),142 subjects were divided into two groups.Normal control group(n=35);CHD group(n=107) that including 75 patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS subgroup) and 32 patients with stable angina pectoris(SAP subgroup).The mRNA expression of PPAR γ in peripheral lymphocytes was evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),the serum adiponectin was measured by enzyme linked immunosorent assay(ELISA).The severity of coronary lesions by CAG was evaluated by means of Gensini coronary score system.Results: Decreased mRNA expression of PPAR γ and serum adiponectin were observed in CHD group than in Normal control group(P0.05).In addition,mRNA expression of PPAR γ and serum adiponectin in ACS subgroup were significantly lower than in SAP subgroup(P0.05).Negative correlation was found between mRNA expression of PPAR γ,adiponectin and the Gensini score of coronary artery lesions(P0.05).Meanwhile,positive correlation was found between mRNA expression of PPAR-γ and adiponectin concentration(P0.05).Conclusion: PPAR γ and adiponectin were negative regulators for coronary artery lesions,it might be a valuable strategy to protect patients from CHD by up-regulating the expression of PPAR γ and adiponectin.


Settlement and inclination of gravity foundation are calculated and analyzed using transfer matrix method. The influences of vertical load, overturning moment, foundation width b and deformation modulus of subgrade soil E on the settlement and inclination of foundation are analyzed. Calculation shows that increasing both the width of foundation b and deformation modulus of subgrade soil E can improve the anti-overturning performance of foundation, and reducing the foundation width and increasing the deformation modulus of subgrade soil can reduce the subgrade settlement. This method can effectively calculate the settlement and inclination of gravity foundation.


For the state archives laws have established the subject status of the National Archives in archival opening, the subject status of the government organizations in archives opening must also be established by the state laws. As to whether the current record reading centers in archives (record office) continue to exist or not after it has been established, should depend upon the state of affair. Even the reading centers exist, they will be in a status of non-subject.


The machine under study is a high speed permanent magnet (PM) synchronous generator, which is driven by a micro gas turbine, whose rated power is 117 kW at 60 000 rpm. Magnetic field distributions in generators having either semi-closed slots or closed slots are analyzed respectively when PM is magnetized by two different familiar magnetizing methods, and eddy losses in each rotor are calculated. Then, influence of copper screen on eddy loss distribution is studied, and the relationship between thickness of copper screen and loss is discussed as well. Finally, based on loss calculation, thermal performances of generators with different rotor structures mentioned above are studied, and utility of copper screen in improving temperature rise issue is demonstrated.


In Brazil, for a long time, the history of public health policies focused on health care centered on the individual dissociated from his family universe. With the advent of sanitary reform, it also allowed to identify the rationality that presided over the pattern adopted in national health policies, particularizing a model of basic care, whose absolute centrality rests in the family. With the Community Health Agents Program (PACS) in 1991, he began to focus on the family as a unit of programmatic health action and no longer and only the individual. In 1994, with the implementation of the Family Health Program (PSF) with the general objective of improving the health status of the population, in accordance with SUS principles and guidelines. For nursing, the family as the focus of attention gains a greater prominence in the Brazilian scenario. However, the actions dispensed to it also seem to be part of a practice based on the biomedical model, which can not look at the family and the community in all its dimensions. The research aimed to identify the concept of family in contemporary society and the process of caring as a family unit. It identifies aspects that contribute to the maintenance of the unit of family care, as well as aspects that may contribute to the overcoming towards a model of approach with a focus on the family.


The article contributes to the discussions of the relationships between planners and the local community, with a focus on the intervention of the planner in reaching reflexivity and just decisions. In spite of the commonly acknowledged phenomenon of local communities that protest against "unwanted" risk facilities, the principal contradiction in the problem formulation between their lifeworld and the structure of modern institutions has received little attention. This is the focus of the following case study, which explores the communicative activity of the local community within a planning process of mining in a new EU member state. In the theoretical section, I discuss the theory of Habermas to re-investigate the widely criticized foundations of communicative planning. I approach the statements of Habermas with the help of Luhmann to reveal that their different viewpoints may be complementary rather than oppositional. The empirical analysis focuses on the lifeworld of the affected community members and the decision-making process by institutions. The analysis reveals preconditions embedded deeply in the planning process that prevents community members from the introduction of their vision of the issue.


The present article concentrates on the potential links between financial law, water management and water protection in a wider sense. The special focus of the paper is the ownership and property issues of waters. Taking these issues into consideration the author presents that the regulation of water ownership belongs to several aspects of financial law, such as the issue of the ownership of water into national assets - state and municipal property, water regulation, financial issues of water management, rules of water utilization, or it is precisely the regulation of water use charges, whether in the form of fines (groundwater fines, sewage penalties) or contributions (water supply charges). The author draws the attention to the need of regulation-simplification and more integrated solutions in connection with the topic.


"Happy farmhouse" tourism in Changsha grows fast,but it has a great deal of problems and defects at the beginning,which requires further development and perfection.Through analyzing the characteristic and current situation of "Joyful farmhouse" tourism marketing in Changsha,this paper discovers that the marketing pattern of "Joyful farmhouse" tourism in Changsha is experiencing type marketing.And it proposes the related countermeasures of this marketing pattern implementation.


In this talk we analyze the phase diagram in the plane temperature versus baryonic chemical potential for gauge theories with flavors in the quenched approximation, using holography. In the case of massive flavors, we observe the existence of two universality classes, which are identified by the order of the meson melting transition in the interior of the phase plane. Specifically, gauge theories whose flavor degrees of freedom propagate in the whole bulk appear to have a third order phase transition, while the phase transition is of second order if they propagate on a codimension‐1 defect.


A medical practitioner called to examine a person presumed to be dead must first make sure that death has in fact occurred. Failure to carry out this seemingly obvious preliminary examination has occasionally had serious results. In most cases the doctor would be justified in stating that death has occurred if he has been unable to hear a breath or heart sound on auscultation over a period of five minutes. In noting loss of body warmth, particularly in elderly persons,


Costa Rica has experienced a high level of habitat disturbance in recent decades, primarily in the form of deforestation. This has resulted in often catastrophic declines in many populations over the past 30 years. The effect of disturbance on small mammal populations has been poorly studied in Costa Rica. Numerous community studies along disturbance gradients have found that highest diversities are found at sites of intermediate disturbance. However, this initial study found that diversity was inversely correlated with disturbance, whilst abundance was positively correlated. In addition, 6 species of small mammal present at Cloudbridge were identified. The high occurrence of species specific to only a single one site would suggest that sampling at other sites could reveal greater species richness for the Cloudbridge preserve.


In our usual busy cardiology clinic, we always measure the blood pressure (BP) of our patients hundreds of times each week. At this moment, many physicians are still using a mercury sphygmomanometer in outpatient and inpatient clinics, and our hands lose gripping power by evening (Fig. 1). On the other hand, for a patient who comes to my office complaining of high BP for the first time, I always ask them to measure their BP at home or to wear an ambulatory BP monitoring device to obtain as exact and precise BP data as possible. However, such patients sometimes complain about the cumbersomeness or discomfort of frequent home BP measurements. Thus, I feel that the way of measuring BP (to pressurize a cuff manually or mechanically, to release it, and to read the value of BP) has not changed drastically for a long time even under this digital and computerized world. In this article, I give an overview of some problems faced in measuring BP, and propose an ideal BP measurement machine or mechanism for a clinician to measure BP as efficiently and comfortably as possible.


Myocardial motion analysis and quantification is of utmost importance for analyzing contractile heart abnormalities and it can be a symptom of a coronary arterial disease. A fundamental problem in processing sequences of images is the computation of the optical flow, which is an approximation to the real image motion. This paper presents a new algorithm for optical flow estimation based on a spatiotemporal-frequency (STF) approach, more specifically on the computation of the Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) and the Hough Transform (HT) of the motion sequences. Experimental results are compared with variational techniques, where it is shown that the main highlight of the STF+HT approach is its accurate and robust response to noise degradations. Results obtained in real cardiac magnetic resonance images are presented.


In this work, phosphorus-containing triazolyl amine (P-ATA) was incorporated into epoxy resin through the ring-opening reaction of epoxy groups, so as to obtain the intrinsically flame-retardant ep...


The purpose of this study was to research the best practices and curriculum for an online 2 course orientation for online students. Online learning, in the form of single courses, certificates, certifications, or degree programs, is growing exponentially. An increase in offerings logically equates to an increase in students, many of them first-time online learners. An orientation for these learners can help them become familiar with the institution's learning management system, as well as the individual institution's policies and procedures. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to research the needs and characteristics of adult online learners, the impOliance and benefits of an online orientation, the curriculum of a typical online orientation, and how an orientation relates to retention. FUliher, a survey was given to collect data about the needs for a UW -Stout specific online orientation. Upon conclusion of the review of literature and data, recommendations were made for current practice, as well as for future studies. The Graduate School University of Wisconsin Stout Menomonie, WI Acknowledgments I would like to take this opportunity to extend my thanks and appreciation to a few people. First, my husband, who has been the force (ambition) behind the pursuit of my education; without him, I would still be happily plugging along with a bachelor's degree and adequate sleep; my three children, without whom, I'd have free nights and weekends and absolutely nothing worthwhile with which to fill them (despite the abundance of reality television and made-for-TV movies); my parents, who raised me with a strong work ethic and a guilty conscience; and my in-laws, who I want to include simply because they are wonderful people who I may never get a chance to thank otherwise. I would also like to thank my research adviser, who is one of the most laid-back, 3 unobtrusive, and yet extremely helpful and caring persons I have ever met. Without Jim, I would have had to worry about deadlines. He also understood my absurd personality and bizalTe attitude. Thanks, Jim; it was entirely my privilege to be able to work with you. I would like to thank my supervisors (all of you, official and unofficial) who provided expertise ... and partial tuition reimbursement. Additionally, my brilliant mentors, for their insight and patience; my instructors and program director, who have helped shape me into the student I am today; and Amy Gillett, an authority on everything AP A. Last, but not least, the baristas at Starbucks and Caribou, who supplied me with all of the caffeine I could handle (or afford), helping me stay up much later, and allowing for me to survive on much less sleep, than what is normally considered sensible. Thank you. I am, unequivocally appreciative; I could not have done it without you.


The electrical conductivity of solutions depends upon the concentrations and the mobilities of charged particles of varying sizes. A culture medium in which bacteria are living and dying is a heterogeneous system, the composition and complexity of which are constantly changing. Substances in true and in colloidal solution are being chemically disintegrated and synthesized. The initial and final compositions may be well-known, but the intermediate reactions and the mechanisms involved in many cases are not understood. Several difficult problems are therefore presented in attempting to evaluate conductivity measurements in relation to bacterial metabolism. Parsons and Sturges (1926a, b) have reported a definite correlation between conductivity and the amount of ammonia and amino nitrogen produced by putrefactive anaerobes. This is the only direct relationship between conductivity and some product of metabolism which has been established so far. Others have shown, however, (Sierakowski and LQczyeka, 1933 and papers quoted therein) that there is always some relationship between change in electrical conductivity and metabolic processes even though the direct cause for the alteration in electrical field strength may be obscure. Further information on such correlations has been sought. Experiments have been done, therefore, with two different aerobic bacteria which produce ammonia, and one which produces lactic acid. It is believed that the data


Diseases and malfunctions of the sexual organs are always linked to a woman's sense of identity and, in most cases, will impair it. This entails the question of whether and how the disease or the removal of a sexual organ affects the gender identity and female body image, and the patient's sexuality as well. When developing operative procedures driven by functional/cosmetic considerations, it was assumed that a lesser extent of visible operative mutilation would also involve a lesser psycho-social burden. Numerous studies have produced differentiated conclusions with the one major difference between the operation procedures located in the area of body image and femininity. Women operated on with breast retention have a significantly better body image with more positive bodily/sexual self-esteem that do women following a mastectomy. When it comes to coping with the illness most studies find no differences dependent on the type of operation involved. The argument most frequently adducted for mastectomy is the allegedly lower fear of recidivation experienced by mastectomy amputees. Significantly more apprehension is reported among women operated on with breast retention. These women were afraid of having received the 'wrong' operation. Another reported source of apprehension is the uncertainty as to whether the surgeon has in fact removed the entire tumor. Mastectomy amputees, conversely, are more certain that the cancer has been cured. However, mastectomy amputees also tended to report more fear of the future and more frequent thoughts about their illness. Studies which examined the pre-operative situation and counseling as interaction variables found that a free option to decide on the type of operation, or a fostering of autonomous decision making, reduces subsequent psychiatric morbidity. Breast amputation should not be talked down to a purely cosmetic problem. Gynecological operations of this kind are also major interventions in the life-story of the women involved. Breast retention can alleviate difficulties in certain areas and lead to a better quality of life subsuming physical, psychological and social well-being.


Person identification in TV series has been a popular research topic over the last decade. In this area, most approaches either use manually annotated data or extract character supervision from a combination of subtitles and transcripts. However, both approaches have key drawbacks that hinder application of these methods at a large scale - manual annotation is expensive and transcripts are often hard to obtain. We investigate the topic of automatically labeling all character appearances in TV series using information obtained solely from subtitles. This task is extremely difficult as the dialogs between characters provide very sparse and weakly supervised data. We address these challenges by exploiting recent advances in face descriptors and Multiple Instance Learning methods. We propose methods to create MIL bags and evaluate and discuss several MIL techniques. The best combination achieves an average precision over 80% on three diverse TV series. We demonstrate that only using subtitles provides good results on identifying characters in TV series and wish to encourage the community towards this problem.


The stratification parameters for Jupiter's outer 3000 km shell are calculated using a density profile recently derived from observations of the NASA Juno spacecraft currently in Jovian orbit. Using these parameters, the equations of classical tidal theory for a stratified, nonhydrostatic, compressible fluid are numerically solved for sectoral tidal forcing by Io. The results support a long-standing though little discussed proposal that the banding/jets (and possibly the unexplained endogenic heat) are caused by the tides. First, general arguments from eigenmode analyses expect resonantly forced tidal modes and the scattering of the tidal response to higher spatial degrees by Jupiter's fast rotation, with time-averaged tidal effects appearing in bands between critical latitudes (±50° for forcing by Io). Second, resonant tides and banding are specifically demonstrated in the tidal model configured with the Juno-derived stratification. While banding in the time-averaged tidal features is a robust expectation (from the well-prescribed forcing and rotation parameters) and is independent of the internal parameters, the details of the banding (e.g., number, width) are highly dependent. Hence, comparison of the tidal model with observations provides a test of the tidal hypothesis of the bands as well as assumptions of interior parameters and processes. Here, dissipation parameterized as a simple pressure relaxation term in the vertical balance equation shows a time-mean banded structure between the critical latitudes that can drive geostrophic jets matching the major observed features, including strong prograde flow at the equator. By contrast, alternate stratification/dissipation assumptions produce banded structures that do not agree with observations.