— This paper proposes an electronic system for monitoring atmospheric electricity charging. Our monitoring and warning system detects an electric field which has very high potential difference between clouds and ground. Our system basically compares the atmospheric electricity with a reference value. If the detected value exceeds the reference value the monitoring system will activate the warning circuit, and in case of imminent danger (e.g. the atmospheric electricity exceeds the maximum admissible value) our system can interrupt the power supply of the protected building. This system has several advantages: monitoring permanent atmospheric charging, very simple, low cost, easy to use and does not require specialized personnel but anyone can use.


Since 2003, EU has been implementing the environmental regulations related to waste electrical and electronic products: Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS) and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE) and Directive of Eco-design Requirements for Energy-related Products (ErP). These three directives aim to effectively control environmental impact of EU related products. Thus, export-oriented firms in Taiwan encounter the green impact of modern industry competition and supply chain management. The firms need to consider their roles in supply chain system, and develop different kinds of green product control process or construct various control systems. Therefore, in this study Company X is a Netcom Industry, exporting products to EU countries and implementing three directives. This company constructed green product management system for responding the directives, connecting green product management system with original information system. Therefore, this study focuses on directives and control process, and intends to find the consistency between the information and indicate the procedure to improve information process. There is information sharing among three directives in order to avoid the errors of manual handling. Finally, based on different views, the suggestions for integrated information process of green product management system are proposed.


In this thesis, deep reinforcement learning is applied to the problem of formation control to enhance performance. The current state-of-the-art formation control algorithms are often not adaptive a ...


A new class of high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) have been recently discovered as γ-ray emitters. These binaries contain a compact object orbiting an OB companion star. It is commonly believed that energetic particles are either accelerated in jets or in the collision shocks between the stellar wind and pulsar wind, in turn upscattering the optical to UV lights to GeV–TeV γ-rays. Pulsed γ-rays from pulsar magnetosphere might also contribute to the observed photons up to a few GeV. Several groups of authors have proposed phenomenological models to explain the high-energy emission behaviors of γ-ray binaries (e.g., Dubus 2006, Takata & Taam 2009, Kong et al. 2011, Zabalza et al. 2013). Up to now, the following five systems are confirmed GeV and/or TeV γ-ray binary systems (in ascending order of the orbital periods): LS 5039 (3.9 days), 1FGL J1018.6−5856 (16.6 days), LS I +61 303 (26.5 days), HESS J0632+057 (321 days), and PSR B1259−63 (3.4 years). For LS 5039 and LS I +61 303, GeV and/or TeV γ-ray emission are modulated on the orbital period but is easily detected throughout the whole orbit. In the case of PSR B1259-63, γ-ray emission is only detected in certain parts of the orbit. Together with its long orbital period (3.4 years), it was only detected in one occasion when the pulsar approached the companion star in late 2010/early 2011. Being a transient source, it is important to capture those γ-ray signal close to its periastron once every 3.4 years. Therefore, we propose to observe PSR B1259−63, a γ-ray binary with a 3.4-year orbital periods, so as to maximize the scientific return of the Fermi/LAT instrument during its mission life.


videos' unique qualities, we propose a system that semantically annotates them at different layers of semantic significance, using different elements of visual content. We decompose each shot into its visual and graphic content elements and, by combining several different low-level visual primitives, capture semantic content at a higher level of significance. T he quantity of videos generated by digital technologies has increased the need for automatically annotating video content and for techniques that support retrieving that content. Content-based video annotation and retrieval therefore has become an active research topic. Although we can successfully apply many of the results in content-based image retrieval to videos, additional techniques are necessary to address videos' unique qualities. For example, videos add the temporal dimension, requiring object dynamics. Furthermore, although people often think of a video as just a sequence of images, it's actually a compound medium, integrating diverse media such as realistic images, graphics, text, and audio. 1 Also, application contexts for videos are different than those for images and therefore call for different approaches to help users annotate, query, and exploit archived video data. The huge amount of data that video streams deliver necessarily calls for higher levels of abstraction when we annotate content. This therefore requires us to investigate and model video semantics. Because of the type and volume of data, general-purpose approaches are likely to fail since semantics inherently depend on a specific application context. Many researchers have addressed semantic modeling of content in mul-timedia databases. Researchers have also reported on concrete video retrieval applications by high-level semantics in specific contexts such as movies, news, and commercials. 2,3 Due to their enormous commercial appeal, sports videos represent an important application domain. However, most research efforts so far have been devoted to characterizing single, specific sports. (For example, Miyamori and Iisaku 4 proposed a method for annotating videos according to human behavior; Ariki and Sygiyama 5 proposed a method for classifying TV sports news videos using discrete cosine transform [DCT] features; and Zhou et al. 6 classified nine basketball events using color features, edges, and MPEG motion vectors.) We propose an approach for semantic annotation of sports videos that include several different sports and even nonsports content. We automatically annotate videos according to elements of visual content at different layers of semantic significance. In fact, we primarily distinguish studio and interview shots from sports action shots and then further decompose the sports …


PURPOSE: A current measuring apparatus of a track circuit is provided to monitor an abnormal state of a current level by detecting and determining the current level on a rail and a discontinuous loop of the track circuit. CONSTITUTION: An antenna(230,240) is used for detecting currents from a rail and a discontinuous loop and converting the currents to voltage signals. An impedance matching unit(221) matches impedance between the antenna and a measurement device. An amplifier(222) is used for amplifying the impedance-matched signal according to a predetermined rate. A first filter(223) is used for removing undesired noise from the impedance-matched signal. A rectification/smoothing unit(224) detects a signal level from the filtered signal. A second filter(225) is used for removing an undesired signal from the detected signal level. A comparator(227) is used for comparing an output signal of the second filter with a reference signal. An indication unit(228) transmits a state of current to an external device.


Based upon the analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of management by objectives,the paper makes some suggestions for deepening management by objectives in geological prospecting units.The specific methods include: objectives offered,humanistic management,results and process,team spirit,corporate culture,evaluation and rewards punishment,dynamic management,procedure rebuilt.


The paper presents an analysis of information on the research and use of materials on the basis of Bi2Те3, as a thermoelectric material. It was established that Bi2Те3, as a thermoelectric material, was first investigated in 1905, and was practically applied in thermoelectric devices in the 1950s. The main tendencies of the current state of thermoelectric material science are determined.


1. Ecogeomorphic feedbacks between mineral sediment deposition and above‐ground plant growth are thought to have dominated the evolution of many coastal ecosystems and landforms. However, land‐use‐related reductions in sediment delivery rates to estuaries world‐wide suggest that these above‐ground feedbacks may not apply in some of the world's most vulnerable coastal landscapes.


In the present paper the Generalized Differential Quadrature Finite Element Method (GDQFEM) is applied to deal with the static analysis of plane state structures with generic through the thickness material discontinuities and holes of various shapes. The GDQFEM numerical technique is an extension of the Generalized Differential Quadrature (GDQ) method and is based on the idea of conventional integral quadrature. In particular, the GDQFEM results in terms of stresses and displacements for classical and advanced plane stress problems with discontinuities are compared to the ones by the Cell Method (CM) and Finite Element Method (FEM). The multi-domain technique is implemented in a MATLAB code for solving irregular domains with holes and defects. In order to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed methodology, several numerical examples of stress and displacement distributions are graphically shown and discussed.


The 2004 AUA annual meeting brought news of the most dramatic advance in the field of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome over the last 20 years. Researchers reported the complete molecular structure of antiproliferative factor (APF), the peptide produced by bladder epithelial cells only in IC patients.


The ability of herbicides to be adsorbed by the soil and their tendency to be desorbed are some of the most important factors affecting soil and water contamination. Therefore, a sorption and desorption study were conducted to evaluate the adsorption-desorption of cyhalofop-butyl, in the sandy clay loam and at different depths using a batch equilibrium method. The adsorption of cyhalofop-butyl was found positively related with the clay and organic carbon content. The kinetic profiles occurred in three steps. With an initial rapid adsorption in the early hours followed by slow adsorption and then it was constant during the rest of the range studied. Adsorption data conformed well to the Freundlich isotherm, whit increasing of adsorption with increasing of organic matter of the soil of different depth. The desorption process showed an important hysteresis phenomenon. The adsorption isotherm suggested a relatively higher affinity of cyhalofop-butyl to the adsorption sites at low equilibrium concentrations. The low value of the soil organic carbon partition coefficient (Koc) of cyhalofop-butyl in the sandy loam soil suggested its weaker adsorption in soil and thus increased its risk of mobility into water sources.


Abstract:  Light Detection And Range (LiDAR) imaging provides a means to model the 3D geometry of fossil tracks in the field with high accuracy. This represents a considerable advance for the science of vertebrate ichnology in which traditional field methods suffer from a significant degree of abstraction and lack the resolution required to interpret tracks quantitatively. Three‐dimensional LiDAR models provide additional morphometric information and allow the application of new analytical tools unique to the digital environment. The method will enable fossil track morphometrics to develop into an iterative process that combines 3D visualization and multivariate statistical methods, blending qualitative and quantitative approaches and allowing track morphologies to be compared holistically. Modelling of trackways from Fumanya (south‐east Pyrenees) using LiDAR has enabled variation in linear track dimensions to be explained by the varied contribution of different modes of shear with increasing depth below the foot/sediment interface. Features in the relief of pes traces indicate that subsurface zones within their track volumes are defined by the interaction of puncture and local shear, below a surface zone of liquefaction failure now lost to erosion. This model of mechanical failure enables a preliminary review of the pedal kinematics of titanosaurid sauropod dinosaurs and suggests multiphase loading of the sediment by the titanosaurid pes. However, from inspection of these 3D surfaces alone it is not possible to differentiate between the possibility of one or two discrete phases of pedal motion preceding the toe‐off event at the maximum height of the support phase. By integrating LiDAR models with analogue modelling within a 3D digital environment it will be possible to clarify such interpretations of fossil tracks and the locomotor mechanics of extinct animals.


Research on the interaction mechanism of Mengxi energy channel and regional economic by logistics field theory, exploration of the impact on Mengxi energy channel construction to regional economy in Hubei, the establishment of Mengxi energy channel system based on logistics field theory, countermeasures and suggestions both of which combined with promotion of central fulcrum build in Hubei Province have important practical and theoretical significance by enriching the study of logistics planning.


. Basic education is one of the key factors to determine the development of education, and studying its quality level is helpful to make more scientific and sensible decisions. During the decade from 2010 to 2020, the popularization of compulsory education in all parts of China has increased significantly. Although it has reached a high level, the level of development is uneven. In order to help improve the compulsory education policy and promote the balanced development of compulsory education, this study takes the comprehensive level of compulsory education as the first-level index, considers from the three aspects of teachers, students and the environment, and, after repeated verification and improvement, constructs a reasonable evaluation index system of the comprehensive level of compulsory education. In addition, we took the data of compulsory education in China in 2020 as an example to carry out the empirical evaluation research, analyzed the empirical evidence, and put forward reasonable suggestions.


Historical relics tourism means the best combination of historical relics resources and tourism industry. From practical and sustainable development points, we found the relation between historical relics and tourism industry is mutual reliability and promotion. Historical relics can supply a developing condition for tourism. Its proper protection and rational use will become the best and everlasting important resources of tourism industry, whereas the rapid development and economic benefits of tourism industry will provide a material support for historical relics, and help developing the rescue work and effective protection of historical relics. This indicates that the combination of historical relics and tourism industry can bring out the best in each other.


The utility model discloses a portable pollution cleaning device, which comprises a casing, a decontamination head in the casing, a frequency vibration generator and a sprinkler. The casing comprises a fixed head and an upper and lower casing. The front end of the upper and lower casing is connected with the fixed head, and the decontamination head is provided with a resonance slice of the oscillator plate that is connected with the fixed frequency generator through the directing line. The decontamination head extends from the internal of the fixed head to the external of the fixed head. The sprinkler is installed on the internal of the upper and lower casing, and the air spout of the sprinkler extends to the water jet of the front of the upper and lower casing. The portable pollution cleaning device can not only clean the adherence contamination through vibration, but also can accomplish the water spray cleaning.


Singing songs about God, the king, and upper castes are mostly found in Tamil literature. The singing of working class people is rarely found in a few pieces of literature like Pallu (Agriculture Songs) and Kuravanchi. Modern literature gives complete freedom to sing about the working class. In it, Andal Priyadarshini has created modern literature such as poetry, short stories, novels, etc. In it, the creators have made the lower class people aware of their life status by singing and creating characters. Her works frequently depict hustlers, roadside dwellers, scavengers, cremators, and transgender women and girls. They are the members of society. Some are working people, who have every right to live here, and are economically backward. People have continued their lives at the bottom of society for centuries. Mere pity for the working class will not lift them up. If individual value, castelessness, labour value, and non-discrimination come together, then a society called the working class will disappear.


Measurement of the thermal racemization rates of alkyl cobalt complexes having chirality only at the carbon coordinated directly to cobalt enabled estimation of the activation parameters of the Co–C bond homolysis and the bond dissociation energies. The effects of substituents of the alkyl moiety and axial bases on the Co–C bond dissociation energy are discussed.


Objective: Thyroid is a global problem, Moradabad is situated in the middle of the Ramganga and the Ganga River because several of rivers show annual flooding which inundate the soil and leach away its iodine content.Objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH) in various age group in TMMH & RC Moradabad. Material& Method:- This was hospital based prospective study from 01/06/2015 to 30/11/2015  to collect of different age group patients from TMMH &RC. A cross-sectional study was used to identify the case of TSH disordered patients. Result: - Prevalence of thyroid disorders was higher  infemale in  comparison to male. Increased and decreased serum TSH level with respect to age and gender. Conclusion:- higher prevalence of TSH was in female patients during 20 to 40years of age.


This paper presents a method to utilize a cascaded extended Kalman filter to estimate the slope of the dc gain Mdc of the steer angle to yaw rate transfer function with respect to the velocity of the tractor. The online estimate of the dc gain for different implements is used to compensate for changes in the yaw dynamics of the tractor implement cause by variations in the hitch loading. This is accomplished by using the online estimate of Mdc to modify the tractor controller gains based on a lookup table of predetermined values that are calculated from system identification tests for different implements. An online analysis of the data is used to determine if enough excitation in the yaw dynamics is available for estimation of the dc gain. The sensitivity of the controller to model simplifications, incorrect velocities, and Mdc estimate errors as well as the accuracy and rate of convergence of the estimated Mdc are also investigated. Experimental and simulation results are provided that show the validity of the Mdc estimate. Finally, experimental results show that the control performance is maintained in the presence of variation in hitch loading and tractor velocity using the adaptive control strategy based on the dc gain estimate for a given implementcondition.


Ambient backscatter is a new green technology for Internet of Things (IoT) that utilizes surrounding wireless signals to enable batteryless devices to communicate with other devices. The battery-free devices first harvest energy from ambient wireless signals and then backscatter the signals for communications. Clearly, sensitivity and distance are two important parameters for system performance. However, most existing studies on ambient backscatter communication systems do not consider the impact of the sensitivity of the energy-harvesting nodes and the distances between these devices. In this paper, we first provide a literature review for ambient communication technology and then take sensitivity and distance as two key parameters and investigate the sensitivity and distance based performance for ambient backscatter communication systems. Specifically, we establish the mathematical model based on distances between transceivers and backscattering nodes, extract a parameter that can differentiate the direct path and the backscattering path, evaluate the effects of transmit beamforming, design an energy detector for the reader, and analyze the outage probability of energy harvesting at the tag and the bit error rate (BER) at the reader. Simulations are then provided to corroborate the proposed studies.


Conventional copper recovery from chalcopyrite involves size reduction, flotation, smelting, and electrochemical purification. An alternative metal extraction process using chloride media would eliminate smelting. The use of chlorides has the additional advantage of reducing cell voltage and current requirements relative to sulfate based systems that are used to extract copper from oxide, silicate, hydroxide, and some sulfide minerals. However, chloride based systems are more likely to produce irregular electrodeposits that cannot be removed by traditional methods. Chloride solutions also present additional challenges related to the corrosive nature of the solutions. The effects are reported of additives, pulsing, and temperature on the topography, as characterized by root-mean-squared roughness, of copper electrodeposits made from chloride media.


An accessible website is a website that can be used by disabled users. However, it is reported that the accessibility of the internet to people with disabilities is still largely unrealized. Some misunderstand that the cost of developing accessible websites is more expensive and time-consuming compared to inaccessible ones. This research work develops the browser extension to adjust the HTML pages of existing web applications based on the recent Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0. The browser extension is applied with Firefox web browser. The process of HTML adjustment consists of two major steps. Starting with the evaluation of HTML tags against the checkpoints defined as XPath 2.0 rules. In case the HTML element is nonconformance to WCAG 2.0, its location will be returned to JavaScript for adjustment using the fixing rule satisfying the success criteria.


Abstract

This essay analyse, from a normative perspective, what can be exspected of an etical asylum policy. The theorical base is derived from Gerard Delanty´s notion of civil cosmopolitism.

The ethical outlook is based on utilitarianism. The questions this essay answers are:

1) Which are the basic premises for an ethical asylum policy?

2) Does the Swedish asylum policy forfill these premises?

The study analyses in general terms the Swedish asylum policy. It analyses both the asylum law and the work of the executive authority.

The analyse also includes a brief look at two asylum cases. These cases are examples where the process hasn´t been executed in an ethical manner. A crucial term for the study is human rights, this is along side Delantys cosmopolitism the cornerstones of the line of reason.

The conclusion of this essay is that the premises given aren´t all forfilled by the swedish asylum policy. The study shows that it has several flaws and that a change in the policy is needed.


A technique is preseoted that the complex refractive indices of particles are deduced from the measured transmittance spectrum of a dilute mono-dispersion by use of the Mie theory and the K-K relation. The complex refractive indices of slag can also be obtained from the transmittance spectrum of slag combined with nesnel reflection law and K-K relation. The experiment and calculation of ash particles and slag have been made, the results showthe differellt properties between bulk and particles.


The article discusses the possibility of implementing the principle of professional orientation in the teaching of mathematics, the purpose of which is formation of the mathematical aspects of readiness of future engineers to the professional occupation. As the requirements of professional orientation must be implemented both at the level of the selection and organization of course content, and at selection of methodological approaches to organization of educational activities, the author has attempted to show a complex of necessary skills and substantial aspect of course "Mathematics" in technical university on the basis of the proposed mathematical tasks.


The γ as well as β radiation doses received by liquidators who performed clean-up works at the Chernobyl power plant in summer 1986 were measured. The measurements were conducted for the whole body, skin and eye lenses by using multilayer thermoluminescence dosemoters. In summer-autumn 1986 the absorbed doses of β radiation in the skin, eye lenses and gonads for liquidators working in the industrial area were more than the whole-body doses of radiation by factors of approximately 30. 4.5 and 3.0 respectively. Such levels of skin and eye lens irradiation are large enough for the induction of deterministic or stochastic effects.


Objective To evaluate lymph node dissection guided by intraoperative lymphatic mapping in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Methods During the operation carbon nanoparticles suspension was injected around the tumor,on the basis of D2 lymphadenectomy the dissection was guided by the black-stained lymph nodes.The number of removed lymph nodes,the condition of lymphatic metastasis and black-stained lymph nodes,the side effects and postoperative complications were analyzed,respectively. Results The number of average lymph nodes dissected and positive lymph nodes in each case were(35.1±13.4) and(6.9±2.5),respectively.The ratio of black-stained in total removed lymph nodes was 52.7%.The positive rate of lymph nodes was higher in black-stained lymph nodes(27.6%) than in unstained lymph nodes(10.8%)(χ2=6.034,P=0.016).Afferent loop obstruction occurred in one case. Conclusion Individual surgery guided by intraoperative lymphatic mapping can increase the dissection of positive lymph nodes in patients with advanced gastric cancer,but the degree of tumor invasion may impact the effect of intraoperative lymphatic mapping.


Aquatic pollution has become a matter of great concern over the last few decades and heavy metals can pose serious threat to aquatic life since they cannot be destroyed through biological degradation. Mercury is classified as a heavy metal and is third most dangerous metal according to ATSDR(Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry). In the present study toxic effects of mercury chloride was tested on widely consumed catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. The study was conducted to measure the impact of toxicity on the fish within a short period of time. Protein, Carbohydrate and Haemoglobin content were determined by standard methods. Protein and carbohydrate content was determined after a period of 15 and 30 days of treatment with mercury chloride while haemoglobin content was determined after 7 and 15 days. It was found that mercury exposure has a strong potential to alter the biochemical constituents in various tissues of H. fossilis. Decrease in protein, carbohydrate and haemoglobin content was found in all exposure period and this may be due to excessive demands under toxic stress.


Abstract : In this report is embodied the result of an experimental investigation into the effect of thermal anneals on the thermoelectric properties of n-type silicon germanium-gallium phosphide material. The construction of apparatus for measuring the electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient and thermal diffusivity is described and their performance assessed. A variety of techniques are employed in an attempt to identify the mechanisms/agencies responsible for the reported enhanced thermoelectric properties of these materials after they have been subjected to high temperature thermal anneals. The results confirm that improvements in the electrical power factor of silicon germanium-gallium phosphide accompanies high temperature thermal annealing.


Melting temperature of UO2 and UO2-2w/oGd2O3 fuels irradiated in a commercial LWR were determined by a thermal arrest technique in a burnup range up to approximately 30GWd/tU. No decrease in the melting temperature was observed on both UO2 and UO2-2w/oGd2O3 fuels with increment of burnup to 30GWd/tU. It was also found that the Gd2O3 addition below 2w/o has no influence on the melting temperature.


Passwords are essential to enhance security in the information system fields, but many vulnerabilities found that passwords can be stolen while being entered. Attackers are especially interested in bank account passwords and personal identification numbers (PINs). Thus, we aim to investigate the possibility of identifying the digit passwords stored in the brain from a neuroscientific perspective. To achieve this goal, we observed hemodynamic responses while viewing 6-digit random numbers (Task 1) and a preset virtual 6-digit password (Task 2), using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), the latest neuroimaging technique. As a result, we found the signal differences between Task 1 and Task 2, indicating that Task 2 has relatively low brain activity compared to Task 1. We found also a gender difference in brain activity, which requires gender-specific security measures. Therefore, our results suggest that attackers or third-party groups can identify the 6digit passwords stored within the brain. We provide the possibility of neuro-crimes using fNIRS for the first time.


The Knowledge Modeling and Management Architecture (KOMMA) is an application framework for Java software systems based on Semantic Web technologies. KOMMA supports all application layers by providing solutions for persistence with object triple mapping, management of ontologies using named graphs as well as domain-specific visualization and editing of RDF data. This article gives a short introduction to KOMMA's architecture and illustrates its usage with examples.


Medicago arborea and M. strasseri are two leguminous species of great rusticity, valuables as ornamental and fodder plants. The high susceptibility to the fungal attack of their seeds limited those potential uses. Seven main flavonoids (Luteolin; Luteolin‐7‐glucoside; 7,3′,4′‐Trihydroxyflavone; 7,3′,4′‐Trihydroxyflavone 7‐glucoside; 7,4′‐Dihydroxyflavone; Quercetin‐3‐glucoside; Kaempferol‐3‐glucoside) were identified in the seed coats of both species. Their ecophysiological role is studied by bioassays: inhibition test of germination and radicle growth of Lactuca sativa and inhibition test of growth of Alternaria alternata and Pleospora herbarum fungus isolated from the seed coats.


Wireless Internet used by smartphones and PDAs can utilize wireless data networks such as WLAN, Bluetooth, or cell phone service. However, wireless Internet usage introduces security vulnerabilities when it is used. In this paper, we showed the security vulnerabilities in wireless Internet and the requirement for wireless security monitoring and control.


This paper describes the application of the perception-preference- selection model which has been utilized in the field of marketing science to the study of the route choice behaviour based on a variety of factors including the mental aspects. The analysis of the data from the questionnaires revealed the major route choice criteria i. e., road conditions, variability in travel time and driver's familiarity with the route. The probability of a specific route being chosen estimated by the utility function which was derived from the preference model agreed well with the observed value. In conclusion the usefulness of the model was proved.


Catheter ablation for AF is an effective treatment for patients with AF and systolic LV dysfunction; however, the clinical outcome is variable. We evaluated the impact of cardiomyopathy etiology on long‐term outcomes post‐catheter ablation.


This article intends to outline the patient journey from the first visit to the orthognathic clinic through to the successful completion of surgical and orthodontic treatment. The reader will also learn about current concepts in orthognathic surgical treatment.


Active front-end (AFE) rectifiers are becoming widely used in medium-to-high-power adjustable speed drives (ASDs) to achieve regenerative operation and meet the energy efficiency and harmonic requirements. The typical control methods used with AFE rectifiers include voltage-oriented control (VOC), direct power control (DPC) and virtual-flux-based methods. This paper presents a dynamic average-value model (AVM) of the AFE rectifier system which is based on the voltage-source converter (VSC) operated with DPC. The developed AVM and the modeling methodology presented in this paper highlight the specifics of the hysteresis bang-bang type DPC that is used to track the real and reactive power references. The proposed AVM of the AFE rectifier system is demonstrated to significantly reduce the computing effort while accurately capturing the fast transient performance of the system.


RT SIG(Real-Time Special Interest Group) of OMG has led many researches for the real-time multimedia data processing on the CORBA system, The extended standard of CORBA for real-time processing is called RT(Real-Time) CORBA. The core of RT CORBA is the real-time scheduling scheme that can guarantee the real-time QoS by minimizing the blocked ratio of real-time tasks. The most of now a days proposed scheduling schemes are the kinds of previous priority-based scheduling schemes for uni-processor systems. But these soft real-time scheduling schemes can not guarantee good performance on the distributed computer systems of various performance parameters.This paper proposes a hard real-time scheduling scheme, CII(Cut In Interval). The previous global priority-based scheduling schemes only offer the inefficient task allocation and local scheduling. But CII-based scheduling scheme offers simpler and more efficient global scheduling. The key point of CIIis the following. The remained time, resulting from putting off the already scheduled task possibly till the deadline, can be spared for the other tasks. The use of remained-time proves that CII-based scheduling scheme is more active and efficient scheduling scheme than previous priority-based schemes.


In accordance with the skin color, six stages of maturity of the purple passion fruit were determined, starting from completely green (stage 0) up to overripe (stage 6). The fruits were obtained at the "Quebrada Grande and Alta" district (1,900 m asl, 18oC medium temperature, 1,718 mm annual precipitation) located in the municipality Venecia, Cundinamarca, Colombia. Physical (weight, size, density, rind firmness, and color) and chemical (total soluble solids [TSS], total titratable acidity [TTA], and pH) characteristics and maturity index were evaluated for each of the maturity stages of the fruit. A table of color for these stages was obtained and important parameters that can be used as harvest indexes, since they presented significant interrelations with fruit stages, were established: skin color, Brix grades, titratable acidity, and pH. The maturity stage determined as ideal for harvest was stage 3, which corresponds to a fruit 40-50 % green and 40-50 % purple, since in this phase the fruit was a densiest one and reached the maximum of total and pulp fresh weights. The chemical parameters evaluated indicated that the fruit at stage 3 had a highest content of TSS (15,9 oBrix), and also began to increase its pH value from 3,0 to 3,6 (stage 6) and decrease contents TTA (13%). These Brix grades and acidity percentage are desirable characteristics making the fruit more attractive for the consumption, since its acidity decreases.


Literary works such as scientific works, after being created, inevitably attract people's attention and somehow, a kind of communication would be stablished between the work and the author. This communication is realized when it is efficient. Communication is effective if the authors of the work are real. Based on all hermeneutic theories, knowing the true authors, has a great impact on the formation of effective communication between the author and his audience through the interpretation and understanding of the text. When an unreal author is included in the work, the understanding of the audience is disturbed and effective communication is not formed. The main issue of this article is what effect does unreal creation have on the understanding of the audience? By using an analytical-descriptive method, we have come to the conclusion that this type of creativity disturbs the audience's understanding and ultimately makes efficient communication difficult.


Rotating helical perturbations in a Penning discharge were found to accompany low‐frequency oscillations and enhanced particle transport across the magnetic field for a wide range of discharge parameters.


The purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy saving and safe sailing method for a ship by monitoring the external force and hull stress of sailing or moored ship under aerodynamic environments in real time. To achieve the purpose, the present invention comprises: a first step of obtaining data on the force that an air flowing phenomenon or the flow of air is applied to a hull, and data on a hull motion existing in the air flow, through a linear simulation in an air tunnel, and making a look-up table by collecting the data; and a second step of determining dynamic positions or sailing routes optimized by reflecting the measured values measured through the first step to actual measured values and compensating the measured values. [Reference numerals] (AA,FF) Actual moving distance of a ship;(BB) Heading direction of the ship under aerodynamic and hydrodynamic environments;(CC,HH) Heading direction of the ship;(DD,II) Direction of sea currents;(EE,JJ) Wind direction;(GG) Compensate the heading direction of the ship under the aerodynamic and hydrodynamic environments by controlling the direction of a rudder


The mixed spin-1 and spin-3/2 BC Ising ferromagnetic system is studied on the two-fold Cayley tree by means of the exact recursion relations. The exact expressions for the magnetization, the quadripolar moment, the Curie temperature, and the free energy are found, and the phase diagrams are constructed on the Cayley tree with the coordination numbers q = 3, 4 and 6 for various values of the single-ion anisotropy constants ∆1 = D1/J for spin-1 and ∆2 = D2/J for spin-3/2. The existence of tricritical point is investigated for different values of the coordination numbers q and the single-ion anisotropy values. Phase diagrams in the plan (kT/J,∆1) are constructed when first ∆1 = ∆2 and second ∆1 6= ∆2 for selected values of ∆2. The thermal dependence of the magnetization is also studied. The results found are compared with those of other approximate methods.


We are delighted about the interest raised by our paper and we are very grateful to Dr Madias for his interesting remarks.

T-wave alternans (TWA) is being increasingly recognized as a useful tool for the stratification of patients undergoing sudden death prophylaxis. Despite this …


The linear guides consist of recirculating ball or roller bearings mounted on a profiled rail, and the low-friction rolling elements efficiently carry loads. They're generally straightforward to specify, install, and maintain, and come in a variety of standard offerings. Rail and block systems typically range in size from 35 mm for most standard machines to 125 mm for large machine tools and equipment moving heavy loads. Smaller sizes are available for light-duty applications. How bearing construction affects moment and load capacity. Electric Drives and Controls Hydraulics Linear Motion and Assembly Technologies Pneumatics Service


General self-reported rates of violence and studies identifying risk factors for delinquency and serious violence have been limited for Asian, particularly Southeast Asian youth. Additionally, the role of psychosocial-cultural related factors such as individualism/ collectivism, intergenerational/intercultural conflict, and ethnic identity in delinquency has largely been neglected. In a sample of 329 Cambodian, Chinese, Lao/Mien, and Vietnamese youth, robust risk factors for serious violence (aggravated assault, robbery, gang fight, rape) included peer delinquency, prior arrest, and victimization. In addition, cultural factors such as second generation status, individualism, and intergenerational/intercultural conflict also significantly increased the odds of serious violence, whereas factors that decreased the odds included collectivism and school achievement. For family/partner violence (hit a family member or boyfriend/girlfriend), the strongest risk factors were victimization and parent discipline. De...


When the bell goes at the end of the day sometimes the last thing you want to do is battle traffic and distance to get to a professional development course, writes IEU Professional Development Officer Amy Cotton.


Background: Considerable variation in the prevalence of childhood asthma and its symptoms (wheezing) has been observed in previous studies and there is evidence that the prevalence has been increasing over time.


Experimental Preparation of [AlH2Cl(Quinuclidine)2]: Solid quinuclidine hydrochloride (1.55g, 10.5 mmol) was added to a stirred slurry of L1AIH4 (0.2g, 5.3 mmol) in diethyl ether (40 cm) sustained at a temperature of -50°C. The resultant colourless slurry was then warmed to room temperature over 5hrs, by which time gas evolution had ceased. Volatiles were removed in vacuo to yield an oily white solid that was subsequently recrystallised from diethyl ether. Placement at -30°C overnight gave the title compound as colourless prisms. Yield 1.19g, 79%; mp 182°C (dec). ' H NMR (400 MHz, C 6 D 6 , 300K): δ 1.12 (12H, m, CH2), 1.24 (2H, m, CH), 2.64 (12H, t, JHH 9.2 Hz, NCH2), 4.22 (2H, br s, Al-Η). | 3 C NMR (100.6 MHz, C 6 D 6 , 300K): δ 19.8 (s, CH), 27.6 (s, CH2) , 56.3 (s, NCH2). MS EI: m/z (%) 176 [{M-Quin}+, 100], 251 [{M-C1}+, 64], 111 [Quin+, 42], IR (Nujol)v/ cm . 1691 cm" (s,br, Al-H).


Photo sharing on camera phones is becoming a common way to maintain closeness and relationships with friends and family. How people share their photos in collocated settings using camera phones, with whom they share, and what factors influence their sharing experience were the themes explored in this study. Results showed that people exhibit different photo sharing behaviour depending on who they share photos with, where the sharing takes place and what value a picture represents to its owner.

In this paper, we will explain what triggers the photo sharing activity and how the sharing takes place depending on who photos are shared with and where they are shared (e.g. restaurant, pub, home). The sharing experience is hindered by the difficulty of controlling which photographs are made available to particular people; sharing with a group of people at once; and ensuring appropriate privacy measures. These findings highlight requirements for novel mechanisms for organising, sharing, and displaying photos as well as provide a better understanding of photo sharing behaviour using camera phones in collocated settings.


A new mechanism to control the group velocity of light based on the dispersive effect of phase coupling has been developed, by means of which we have realized ultraslow and superluminal light propagation in photorefractive Bi_ 12 SiO_ 20 crystal at room temperature through the photorefractive phase coupling effect. The ultraslow and superluminal light were shown to be amplified due to photorefractive intensity coupling in the crystal.


Understanding of space relations between objects and the correct conception of place are very important for blind and visually impaired people at their successful orientation in space. Space relations are difficult to describe, therefore tactile maps and models are most frequently used as the presentation of space relations. Tactile maps are specially arranged maps for reading by touch which represent the content with lifted or sinked signs. This graduation thesis contains fundamental characteristics of tactile cartography, recommendations for making tactile maps and example of making the Tactile atlas of the EU countries for blind and visually impaired people. First, the specialties of people with visual impairments are described, their classification regarding the legal definition, characteristics of touch and the mobility and orientation of blind in space. Next, the presentation of tactile cartography is described with emphasis on analysis, choice and standardization of tactile signs that present the key element for making of tactile maps. Editorial plan of atlas is also described. The last part is dedicated to the format and content of tactile atlas and technological view of making it. The Atlas of EU countries for blind and visually impaired people is consists of two parts. The reader is firstly acquainted with the basic characteristics of European Union and the short description of atlas, followed by the particular maps of member countries and their basic characteristics description.


Antiphospholipid (Hughes') syndrome (APS) has not been reported in African-Americans (A-A) as frequently as in other ethnic groups. We describe eight A-A female patients with APS, including two cases of primary APS (PAPS), four with APS secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), one with Sjögren's syndrome, and one with overlap connective tissue disease (CTD). Their mean age was 34 y (range 24–47 y). Patients were followed for a mean of 6 y (range 0.3–11 y). During follow up, both anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti-b2glycoprotein-I (ab2GPI) antibodies were measured in stored sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IgA was the most frequent isotype of aCL and ab2GPI, and co-occurred with the IgM isotype in three of four patients with neurologic manifestations.


The protocols of the crystalline sponge method, particularly those in the soaking, data collection and refinement processes, are considerably improved to give reliable structural information.


Since 1937 data on age at menarche are gathered in Indonesia. An overview of the whole literature and unpublished thesis until 1996 is presented in this paper. The data originate from Java, some other also from Sulawesi, Sumatra and, recently, from Flores. The general mean values in a diachronic sequence demonstrate a trend of decrease in menarcheal age of 0.145 year per decade. This means that in general the wealth and health conditions in Indonesia improved in the last six decades. Statistically significant differences in menarcheal age between girls from different socio-economic class' and the father s occupation, like traders (14.13), teachers (14.48) and farmers (14.63); rich (13.90), medium situated (14.60) and poor (14.88); between girls from different environmental conditions like urban (12.27), fisherman village (12.85), farmer village (13.19). The role of animal protein intake as the most influential factor where the differences in menarcheal age between girls who eat meat e.g. 13 times (11.64) and those eating only 1-4 times a week (13.46). The mother s education constitutes an indirect influencing factor because better-educated mothers have knowledge required to give their children more suitable food. The menarcheal age is 12.19 from mothers with university, 12.88 with highschool and 12.93 with low education. These data confirm the assertion that age at menarche constitutes a sensitive indicator of the wealth and health of a population (Bielicki & Welon 1982; Brasel 1978).


The title mixed-phase oxide catalysts for NO oxidation in diesel exhaust are prepared by co-precipitation from an aqueous mixture containing Mn(OAc)2, Sr(NO3)2, Ce(NO3)3, Sm(NO3)3, Gd(NO3)3, (NMe4)OH, oxalic acid, and H2O2 (pH 9—10) followed by calcination at 500 °C and 800 °C for 8 h each.


The dependability of hospital facilities and equipments is a critical element in the performance of health care systems. The availability needs to be near one hundred percent, especially equipment ...


In marketing, helping manufacturers to €nd the matching preferences of potential customers for their products is an essential work especially in e-commerce analyzing with big data. Œe aggregate reverse rank query has been proposed to return top-k customers who have more potential to buy a given product bundling than other customers, where the potential is evaluated by the aggregate rank which de€ned as the sum of each product's rank. Œis query correctly reƒects the request only when the customers consider the products in the product bundling equally. Unfortunately, rather than thinking products equally, in most cases, people buy a product bundling because they appreciate a special part of the bundling. Manufacturers, such as video games companies and cable television industries, are also willing to bundle some aŠractive products with less popular products for the purpose of maximum bene€ts or inventory liquidation. Inspired by the necessity of general aggregate reverse rank query for unequal thinking, we propose a weighted aggregate reverse rank query which treats the elements in product bundling with di'erent weights to target customers from all aspects of thought. To solve this query eciently, we €rst try a straightforward extension. Œen we re-build the bound-and-€lter framework for the weighted aggregate reverse rank query. We prove theoretically that the new approach €nds the optimal bounds, and develop the highly ecient algorithm based on these bounds. Œe theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrated the ecacy of the proposed methods.


The increasing use of ceramic nanoparticles for the fabrication of novel functional parts and devices has brought several new possibilities and challenges in the field of ceramics. Surface chemistry is known to play a major role during the wet processing of colloidal nanoparticles. In this article, we report two examples where the surface chemistry of ceramic nanoparticles has been tailored to (a) prepare concentrated suspensions for the fabrication of dense films via conventional powder processing and (b) develop bulk macroporous ceramic components from particle-stabilized foams.


In the planning of the integration of the MTR-Tsuen Wan Extension (TWE) with other public transport services, optimization approach was used. It enabled the co-ordination to be planned systematically, reducing the need for subjective judgement. The paper describes the planning study and compares the estimated system performance with observation during the stabilization period.


As a geographical concept, 'Indo-Pacific' has existed for decades. As a political and strategic concept, it has since 2010 gradually become established in the foreign policy lexicon of some countries, especially Australia, India, Japan and the United States. However, China seems to be reluctant to identify itself as part of the Indo-Pacific; Chinese leaders believe that the US-led Indo-Pacific strategy aims to contain China's rise. While the battle between the two geographical concepts 'Indo-Pacific' and 'Asia–Pacific' may be fairly easily settled in the future, US–China strategic competition has just begun. Will the Indo-Pacific become a battlefield for US–China rivalry? How will China cope with the US 'free and open Indo-Pacific' (FOIP) strategy? How will other regional actors respond to the US–China strategic competition in the Indo-Pacific? What are the strategic implications of the 'Indo-Pacific' concept for regional order transformation? How will the Indo-Pacific be institutionalized, economically, politically and strategically? This article introduces the January 2020 special issue of International Affairs, which aims to address those questions, using both country-specific and regional perspectives. Seven articles focus on the policy responses of major players (Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan and ASEAN) to the US FOIP strategy and related US–China rivalry in the region. A further three articles examine the profound implications of Indo-Pacific dynamics for regional institution-building and for geopolitical and geo-economic architecture.


Abstract : This paper explores the potential of interactive broadcasting - a combination of more traditional communications technologies such as radio and telephony with internet based web conferencing as a mechanism for community development and the engagement of citizens in the use of the latest new media technologies to support sustainable development.


Using the discrete-scale invariance theory, we show that the coupling constants of fundamental forces, the atomic masses and energies, and the elementary particle masses, obey to the fractal properties.


Simple Summary Intestinal metaplasia confers an increased risk of progression to gastric cancer. However, some intestinal metaplasia patients do not develop cancer. The development of robust molecular biomarkers to stratify patients with advanced gastric precursor lesions at risk of cancer progression will contribute to guiding programs for prevention. Starting from a genome-wide methylation study, we have simplified the detection method regarding candidate-methylation tests to improve their applicability in the clinical environment. We identified CpG methylation at the ZNF793 and RPRM promoters as a common event in intestinal metaplasia and intestinal forms of gastric cancer. Furthermore, we also showed that Helicobacter pylori infection influences DNA methylation in early precursor lesions but not in intestinal metaplasia, suggesting that therapeutic strategies to prevent epigenome reprogramming toward a cancer signature need to be adopted early in the precursor cascade. Abstract To adopt prevention strategies in gastric cancer, it is imperative to develop robust biomarkers with acceptable costs and feasibility in clinical practice to stratified populations according to risk scores. With this aim, we applied an unbiased genome-wide CpG methylation approach to a discovery cohort composed of gastric cancer (n = 24), and non-malignant precursor lesions (n = 64). Then, candidate-methylation approaches were performed in a validation cohort of precursor lesions obtained from an observational longitudinal study (n = 264), with a 12-year follow-up to identify repression or progression cases. H. pylori stratification and histology were considered to determine their influence on the methylation dynamics. As a result, we ascertained that intestinal metaplasia partially recapitulates patterns of aberrant methylation of intestinal type of gastric cancer, independently of the H. pylori status. Two epigenetically regulated genes in cancer, RPRM and ZNF793, consistently showed increased methylation in intestinal metaplasia with respect to earlier precursor lesions. In summary, our result supports the need to investigate the practical utilities of the quantification of DNA methylation in candidate genes as a marker for disease progression. In addition, the H. pylori-dependent methylation in intestinal metaplasia suggests that pharmacological treatments aimed at H. pylori eradication in the late stages of precursor lesions do not prevent epigenome reprogramming toward a cancer signature.


Relative growth rate comparisons were made between tagged thermal plume "resident" fish and fish collected from two ambient temperature areas (control). Plume fish were tagged, released and subsequently recpatured in the thermal discharge area of the Point Beach Nuclear Plant (near Two Rivers, Wisconsin). Total tag days indicated minimum "residence" time and temperature-sensitive tags gave estimates of time spent at discharge temperatures. Growth rate estimates were based on RNA-DNA -^tios in epaxial muscle samples taken from brown and rainbow trout and chinook salmon. Mean RNA-DNA ratios of plume rainbow trout and chinook salmon were not significantly different from mean ratios of combined control groups for each species. The mean ratio of plume brown trout was significantly higher than that of combined control fish. Significant differences between mean ratios of control groups for each soecies suggest considerable natural variability in growth rates among individuals of a population. correlation


Introduction: Tissue engineering is a potential method for the regeneration of cartilage lost due to trauma, disease, or congenital abnormalities. Hydrogels are a genre of scaffolds used in tissue engineering that has multiple advantages including a high, tissue-like water content, an ability to uniformly encapsulate cells, and easily manipulated physical properties. Photopolymerization is one method to synthesize a hydrogel in situ with significant temporal and spatial control in a minimally invasive manner. The purpose of this study was to design an autologous, minimally invasive, and practical system for cartilage repair or augmentation using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a photopolymerizing hydrogel, and TGF-Beta1 for directing stem cell differentiation. We hypothesized that this hydrogel system would provide a suitable 3-dimesional scaffold for chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs for cartilage tissue engineering. Materials and Methods: Study design: MSCs were photoencapsulated in hydrogels, cultured, and harvested for one control group (Day0) and 3 experimental groups: 3 weeks with TGF-B1, 6 weeks with TGF-B1, and 6 weeks without TGF-B1 (3wk+TGF, 6wk+TGF, and 6wk-TGF) (n=6-7/group). Histological, biochemical, and RNA analysis were performed to evaluate the differentiation of MSCs into a chondrogenic phenotype and the accumulation of chondrocyte products in the hydrogels. Cell Isolation and Expansion: MSCs were isolated from femoral aspirates of 3 to 3 1⁄2 year old goats and expanded in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Medium (Clonetics, MSCGM). Passage 3 cells were trypsinized, washed in serum free medium, and then resuspended in the hydrogel solution immediately prior to photoencapsulation. Hydrogel preparation: The hydrogel solution was prepared by thoroughly mixing 10% w/v of poly(ethylene) oxide diacrylate (Shearwater, PEODA) and the photoinitiator, Irgacure 2959 (Ciba, 0.05 % w/v final concentration), in sterile PBS with 100 U/ml of penicillin and 100 ug/ml streptomycin (Gibco). TGF-B1 (RDI, 10ng/ml) was added to the hydrogel solution to the two groups cultured with TGF-B1. MSCs were resuspended in the polymer solution at a concentration of 20 million cells/ml and gently mixed to make a homogeneous suspension. 75 μl of the solution were added to cylindrical molds with an internal diameter of 6 mm. The samples were photo-polymerized with a 5 minute exposure to long-wave, 365nm UV light at 4 mW/cm (Acticure), removed from their molds, washed once with PBS, and then incubated in 2 ml of chondrogenic medium with or without 10ng/ml of TGF-B1 in separate wells of 12 well/plates on an orbital rocker. Histology: Two samples per group were fixed, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Safranin-O/Fast Green. Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies to collagen type I and collagen type II (RDI) and to aggrecan and link protein (University of Iowa, Hybridoma Bank). RNA Preparation and RT-PCR: RNA was isolated using the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen) from samples (n=3) of each experimental group and a MSC monolayer culture of the same passage number to serve as the control. cDNA was made with random hexamers (Gibco). RT-Primers for chondrogenesis including type I collagen, type II collagen, aggrecan, and beta-actin were used. The reaction products were resolved with electrophoresis on 2% agarose gels and stianed with ethidium bromide. Biochemical characterization: Samples from each group were analyzed after digestion in papainase for 18 hours at 60C (n=3-4). DNA content (cells/mg dw) of the hydrogels was determined by using Hoechst 33258 assuming 7.7ng DNA/cell. Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content was estimated from chondroitin sulfate content using DMMB dye. Total collagen content was determined by measuring the hydroxyproline content. Results are reported as means and standard deviations after values were normalized to percent dry weight of the construct (%dw). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA on SSPS software. Results: Histology revealed a dramatic increase in Safrainin-O staining in the pericellular and intercellular regions of 3wk+TGF and 6wk+TGF, but only sporadic staining in the 6wk-TGF group when compared to the control (Fig. 1.A). Immunohistochemical staining for aggrecan and link protein was strongly positive in the 6wk+TGF group but negative or sporadic in the 6wk-TGF group. Interestingly, both collagen I and II antibodies stained positive on 6wk+TGF and 6wk-TGF sections. The presence of collagen in the 6wk-TGF group was supported by the RNA and biochemical data as well. RT-PCR (Fig. 1.B) demonstrated the absence or near absence of any RNA for aggrecan, collagen type I or II in passage 3 MSCs cultured in standard monolayer conditions with no TGF-B1. Aggrecan and collagen type I and II RNA were strongly present in 3wk+TGF. In the 6wk+TGF constructs, the two chondrogenic RNA products were still strongly present, but the non-specific collagen type I RNA product was almost entirely absent. In the 6wk-TGF group, aggrecan was absent, but collagen type I and II RNA was present. The DNA content of the hydrogels increased to 1.43x10+/-0.12 cells/mg dw in the 6wk+TGF group from an initial value of 1.15x10+/-0.12 cells/mg dw and decreased to 0.88x10+/-0.05 cells/mg dw in the 6wk-TGF constructs (p<0.05). There was a 1.4 and 3.5-fold increase in GAG (%dw) detected in the 3wk+TGF and 6wk+TGF hydrogels respectively compared to Day 0 and 6wk-TGF (Fig. 1.C). We measured a 2.3, 5.0, and 1.4-fold increase in collagen (%dw) produced in the 3wk+TGF, 6wk+TGF, and 6wk-TGF constructs respectively when compared to Day 0 controls (Fig. 1.D).


During the course of the ATMX System Safety Assessment (SSA) activity, it was determined that the ATMX structural integrity would be severely impaired technically unacceptable, a major redirection of the SSA effort involving structural modifications was outlined. The redirected effort culminated into four modifications three of which are structural in nature and the fourth is thermal modification. The first structural modification involves strengthening the ATMX hatch covers with 60 tension bolts and stiffening the same with tubular cross bracings. The second modification involves attaching a 3/16 inch plate to bulkhead at the end to prevent intrusion of triangular end frame into cargo compartment. The third modification involves welding the inner side plate to the cast steel underframe. The fourth and the final modification involves thermal insulation of ATMX. The thermal analysis of ATMX indicates that without any insulation, the shell, fiberboard, dunnage bags, and waste boxes and drums will reach temperatures well above the decomposition temperatures of fiberboard and waste products. We have reviewed the QA/QC and fracture testing plans submitted by RFP Rocky Flats Plant and generally agree with their plans. We have noted few exceptions in the QA/QC plans; we have also suggested an alternate fracture testing plan.more » 10 figs., 3 tabs.« less


Combining infrared reflection adsorption spectroscopy and ab initio quantum chemical methods we study adsorption of water on the "bilayer terminated" surface of ice film grown on a Ru(001) substrate. The adsorption was performed at 38 K with gradual increase of the coverage from 0.14 to 0.42 ML. Only three observed infrared bands, which are associated with the free OH groups, could be used for analysis of the structure:  the OH stretching bands at 3720, 3695, and 3665 cm-1. The calculated frequencies permit the assignment of these bands to the OH stretching vibrations of the single water molecules stabilized at the terminal OH groups (3720 cm-1), the terminal OH groups of the bilayer surface (3695 cm-1), and the terminal OH groups acting as a proton acceptor toward adsorbed water species (3665 cm-1). Our calculations show that at the submonolayer coverage of water the lateral H-bonding interaction between the adsorbed molecules should lead to the aggregation of these molecules into small clusters. The str...


In this paper we describe new B -spline Gaussian collocation software for solving two-dimensional parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs) defined over a rectangular region. The numerical solution is represented as a bi-variate piecewise polynomial (using a tensor product B -spline basis) with time-dependent unknown coefficients. These coefficients are determined by imposing collocation conditions: the numerical solution is required to satisfy the PDE and boundary conditions at images of the Gauss points mapped onto certain subregions of the spatial domain. This leads to a large system of time-dependent differential algebraic equations (DAEs) which is solved using the DAE solver, DASPK. We provide numerical results in which we use the new software, called BACOL2D, to solve three test problems.


We examine the fertility impact of a family-based regularization policy granting temporary legal status to unauthorized immigrants based on their offspring's citizenship. The policy, enacted through a 2011 Royal Decree in Spain, allows for unauthorized parents of eligible nationalities to become temporary legal residents if they have a Spanish minor. Using data from the Spanish Labor Force Survey (2007–2016), along with a quasi-experimental approach that exploits the change in legal residency eligibility requirements, we show that the policy has significantly increased the childbearing likelihood of eligible mothers, even though the overall increase in fertility nationwide remains trivial.


While the overwhelming majority of schools have generally been committed to values education in practice, it has not always been clearly articulated as an element of the school's mission. Late last year the Commonwealth Government launched a significant project in the emerging priority area of values education and, while it is too early to say that the shape of values education in Australian schools has been defined, the Commonwealth Values Education Study has begun to clarify the task ahead.


We report a scalable distance learning (DL) system by integrating semantic networks, Grid infrastructure, and ontology metadata. This system upgrades online course delivery with fast service discovery. We propose a new semantic service matchmaking scheme to promote the quality of service (QoS) in the DL process. Our experimental results suggest high service recall rate and user scalability with low overhead.


Apoptosis and autophagy both belong to programmed cell death, and they are essential for the organism to maintain its homeostasis . The relationship between apoptosis and autophagy is complex and inconclusive so far. This article is intended to set forth the relationship, thus to provide reference for the clinical research and basic experiment.

Key words:
Autophagy; Apoptosis; Programmed cell death


In today's power distribution networks, usually following an outage, significant time is spent on fault locating, isolating the fault zone, and energizing upstream and downstream loads. In addition to dissatisfaction in residential customers, electricity interruption even for a few seconds, can cause huge damages in advanced industries or critical customers. Currently, the distribution systems are equipped with Manually Switches (MS) and Remote Controlled Switches (RCS). The heuristic Service Restoration (SR) algorithm of this paper is a Bi-Stage algorithm that at the first stage quickly restore energy to some loads using RCSs and in the second stage, all types of switches (MSs and RCSs) are used to complete the SR process. Here, to solve the SR problem, minimizing Energy Not Supplied (ENS) is selected as the objective function. The proposed SR algorithm was performed on a sample network in different situations. In addition to using a Bi-Stage SR algorithm to minimize ENS and re-energize customers in the shortest time after fault, taking into account the actual network conditions such as load profiles, network operation constraints also increase the attractiveness of the proposed algorithm. This algorithm can improve Distribution System Automation (DSA) by introducing a proposed control scheme. Finally, it was proved that using the proposed SR algorithm it is possible to achieve optimal and efficient solutions matching today's distribution network's needs.


The leaching characteristics and vertical transference of radioactive nuclide zirconium-95 in two representational soils(paddy soil,yellow-red earth)were studied with soil-pole simulation installation.The results showed that:(1)The specific activity of zirconium-95 in collected leachate was low after passing through soil column.The amount of zirconium-95 in leachate of paddy soil was 3.05%,and yellowred earth was 3.00%.(2)In paddy soil and yellow-red earth,67.80%~80.18% and 74.05%~86.95% radioactivity of zirconium-95 was concentrated in the 0~1.0 cm upper layer soils respectively,which illustrated that most of zirconium-95 remained in the surface soils.(3)The specific activity of zirconium-95 in soil present was an individual exponential declining with depth of soil.


Sustainable agriculture systems emphasized on the on-farm inputs likes use of biofertilizers, crop rotation and cover crops. This experiment was conducted in a split plots arrangement with two factors based on randomized complete block design with three replications during years 2009-2010, at Research Farm of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The main factor consisted of cultivation and no cultivation of cover crops in autumn. The sub factor was biofertilizer application with four levels, included 1-Nitroxin® (containing Azotobacter spp. and Azospirillum spp.), 2-Biophosphorous® (Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp.), 3-Nitroxin® + Biophosphorous® and 4-Control. Results showed that most characteristics, e.g. seed yield and harvest index were increased with no cover crop cultivation. However in control treatment, the biological yield, seed yield and harvest index were more than biofertilizeres treatments, as Nitroxin® and Biophosphorous® ranked after the control. Amongst the biofertilizers, Biophosphorus® had the most positive effects. The maximum grain weight was obtained from Nitroxin®+ Biophosphorous® treatment. The interaction effects of biofertilizer and cover crops were significant among some characteristics. The results showed that the interaction between biofertilizers and no cover crop cultivation was significant, as use of the biofertilizers especially Nitroxin® and Biophosphorous® in no cover crop condition increased the amounts of biological yield and seed yield.


The life of Confederate Major General Daniel Harvey Hill (1821-1889) provides an ideal lens through which to explore the themes of honor, duty, southern identity and Civil War historical memory. A South Carolina native and product of the first formal American military educational institution at West Point, Hill combined a professional outlook with a belief in a superior Southern martial ethos and masculine duty to family and country. He was a born fighter with an irritable personality who incited controversy during his military and civilian careers. As a proponent and target of the Lost Cause, Hill actively shaped this civil religion while in the process nearly undermining his own efforts. By exploring the fluid and intertwined constructs of honor, duty, identity, and memory in one man's experience, this dissertation will illuminate the complexity of southern attitudes before, during, and after the Civil War, and question generalizations regarding Confederate veterans' approach to Lost Cause ideology.


This paper researched the ageing resistance of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) in transmission tower under thermal oxidative aging environment. The parameters of the not ageing specimen and the thermal oxidative aging specimen were compared and analyzed, such as tensile strength, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and so on. The test results show that the thermal oxidative aging environment has obvious influence on the performance of GFRP material, which significantly reduces the strength of GFRP material, and increases the elastic modulus and the Poisson's ratio of GFRP material. And the impact of thermal oxidative aging on the material properties of GFRP material without any protective coatings is more significantly than those with protective coatings. According to the experiential formula of ageing, the working life of specimens with protective coatings are up to 35 years, with taking the half of limited strength as index. Therefore, designers should consider the adverse effect of the external environment and take protective treatments appropriately in the design process of the GFRP transmission tower with the long-term exposure to adverse environment.


We present some further developments in the construction and classification of new solvable one‐dimensional diffusion models having transition densities, and other quantities that are fundamental to derivatives pricing, representable in analytically closed form. Our approach is based on so‐called diffusion canonical transformations that produce a large class of multiparameter nonlinear local volatility diffusion models that are mapped onto various simpler diffusions. Using an asymptotic analysis, we arrive at a rigorous boundary classification as well as a characterization with respect to probability conservation and the martingale property of the newly constructed diffusions. Specifically, we analyze and classify in detail four main families of driftless regular diffusion models that arise from the underlying squared Bessel process (the Bessel family), Cox–Ingersoll–Ross process (the confluent hypergeometric family), the Ornstein‐Uhlenbeck diffusion (the OU family), and the Jacobi diffusion (the hypergeometric family). We show that the Bessel family is a superset of the constant elasticity of variance model without drift. The Bessel family, in turn, is nested by the confluent hypergeometric family. For these two families we find further subfamilies of conservative strict supermartingales and nonconservative martingales with an exit boundary. For the new classes of nonconservative regular diffusions we also derive analytically exact first exit time densities that are given in terms of generalized inverse Gaussians and extensions. As for the two other new models, we show that the OU family of processes are conservative strict martingales, whereas the Jacobi family are nonconservative nonmartingales. Considered as asset price diffusion models, we also show that these models demonstrate a wide range of local volatility shapes and option implied volatility surfaces that include various pronounced skew and smile patterns.


Objective To compare the biomechanical character of five methods to store chicken tendon and to provide experimental data for clinic of allogenic graft. Method Fifty chickens were divided into five groups at random,The tendons of superficial flexors of 2nd,3rd and 4th claws were taken:group A fresh storage,the tendon were put in the normal saline and subjected to test within 3 hours,group B refrigeration group,the tendon were stored in the refrigerators at -30℃,group C with 70% alcohol immersed,group D with 10%formalin, group E with 85%glycerol for two weeks.Distraction test was employed to determine the P max and δ max . Results In group B, the P max and δ max have no apparent difference with group A.In group C and B, P max was higher than that in group A,group D and E was lower than that in group A. Conclusions Low temperature storage is the best technique for tendon storage.


Shaoxing Wastewater Treatment Development Co.Ltd.is a large-scale printing and dyeing industrial wastewater treatment business.In order to improve regional ecologic environment and realize the energy saving and emission reduction tasks in Eleventh Five-Year Plan,the existing wastewater treatment process needs to be upgraded to improve the treated effluent quality.The pilot study was conducted to treat printing and dyeing wastewater by the combined process of enhanced coagulation sedimentation,improved ABR and cross flow aerobic tank.In the whole test,the combined process can remove COD,BOD5,SS,color,NH3-N,TN and TP efficiently,and it can adjust pH effectively.The removal rates of COD,BOD5,SS,color,NH3-N,TN and TP are 92%,97.3%,79.9%,86.1%,93.2%,87.5% and 92.1% respectively.There are synergy effects between the various units,which ensures pollutants removal.


The purpose of this research is to examine how the village community centers are being used and find how to improve leisure activities of elders in rural areas by using them. In order to achieve the purpose of this research, we did convenience sampling from elders using 92 village community centers in one of the counties in Gyeong-gi province, and did field survey to 343 persons. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS 18 program, and the results are as follows: The survey on population sociological peculiarity of elders using village community centers shows that most of elders are over 70 years old. As for health conditions, there are more elders who are physically weaker than healthy elders. And the survey shows that most of the elders are suffering from illness such as hypertension, arthritis, neuralgia, and indigestion so such programs related to health are critically required. First, the survey on using village community centers by elders in rural areas shows that they think the village community centers are important for them and use them often. Most of respondents said that they use the village community center so as to meet friends, to enjoy leisure, and to spend time in rural areas where they have difficulty enjoying cultural facilities. Meanwhile, some people dislike to use the village community centers mainly because there is few programs for leisure or each one has a different personality or they don't have enough money to pay for the membership fee. Second, according to the survey on leisure for the elders in village community centers, there are few leisure programs. For men, they spend time by playing Baduk, Janggi, Hwatu and drinking. Meanwhile, women spend time by meeting with friends, listening to radio and TV watching. There are almost nothing to improve leisure activities such as hobby, recreation and health etc. Male elders using centers are suffering from health problems, economic difficulty, and lack of leisure activities, meanwhile, female elders are suffering from loneliness, health problems, and economic difficulty. Third, according to the survey on improving the leisure program of village community center, elders preferred health related programs to improve leisure activities. The most necessary leisure activities in village community center are hobby classrooms, health programs and group travelling. They preferred health related programs for leisure in village community center. Based upon the reality described above, improving the village community centers as leisure facilities is considered to be important for the welfare well of elders in rural areas.


The "free rider" problem has long plagued pedagogies based on collaborative learning. The most common solution to the free rider problem is peer evaluation. As well other existing methods of peer evaluation include self-evaluation --- and hence are prone to grade inflation or, as we show here, are inaccurate in that they do not fairly reward the most hard working student. Another common concern with existing methods of peer evaluation is that students often do not have the necessary skills to evaluate the work of their peers objectively.
In this paper, we introduce a new mechanism for peer evaluation that does not rely on self-evaluation, and yet remains accurate, i.e., if all students are completely truthful in their evaluations, then the output of our mechanism becomes an objective truth. At the same time, our mechanism integrates the instructor's judgment with respect to the credibility of students' evaluations. For example, the instructor gives scores to students for writing credible reviews and, in turn, subsequent students' evaluations are weighted according to these instructor scores.


The recent researches on double side parallel strip line (DSPSL) in City University of Hong Kong are introduced in this paper. DSPSL and its newly proposed variations have been finding more and more applications in microwave passive and active components for miniaturizing and performance improving. Several components based on DSPSL will be discussed in this paper. A novel solution for the exploiting DSPSL in MMIC design is proposed at the end of the paper.


In establishing his prizes, Alfred Nobel wanted to reward science
that brought, in the words of his will, "the greatest benefit to
mankind." In justifying the billions spent on research, scientists
argue that they are also benefiting people—either directly by
developing, say, new vaccines or indirectly by advancing our
knowledge of the universe and its contents.


This thesis presents a novel method to quantify the localised carrier collection efficiency of thin film solar cells by integrating a theoretical model with data from a newly developed combined measurement system capable of measuring spectrally-resolved photoluminescence (PL), time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and transient photocurrent decay (TPCD) at the same spot on the solar cell. This combined measurement approach allows for the identification and further understanding of the limiting factors in the carrier collection efficiency of solar cells. [Continues.]


This paper describes the structure and consistency of Emilio Artom's miscellany, which represents a documental patrimony of historical relevance and one of the most interesting collections of offprints held in the Special Mathematical Library at the Department of Mathematics 'G. Peano' of the University of Turin.


The present invention relates to the use of an inorganic buffering agent whose pKa value is strictly less than 3, for the preparation of a metal dithiocarbamate and the method of preparing a metal dithiocarbamate using of inorganic buffering agent whose pKa value is strictly less than 3.


Nano- and microtechnologies offer many benefits to society and promise the prospect of paradigm shifts on many technological fronts, including health care, alternative energy production, and efficient chemical processing. Current manufacturing processes for the production of nano- and microscale products, however, are energy and waste-intensive — requiring energy and creating wastes/emissions at orders of magnitude greater than traditional production. Therefore, research is needed to quantify environmental performance improvements in nano- and microproduction technologies, nickel nanoparticle (NiNP) deposition is compared with more traditional nickel phosphorus (NiP) electroplating for facilitating diffusion brazing of arrayed microfluidics. These two technologies are analyzed on a functional basis from an environmental perspective. Potential areas of improvement and future research opportunities are identified and discussed.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


A new electromagnetic clutch is introduced in this paper.It can be used as a substitute for electromagnetic coupling.The working principle?structure designing?parameter choosing and driving torque of the clutch are analyzed.A structural type has been put forward.It has been proved by experiments that the working principle of the clutch is correct.


The article describes the results of the study of IL-8 secretion level, condition of lysosome membrane stability and secretorysynthetic activity of blood monocytes in 12 healthy people, 36 patents with allergic and 45 patients with cholinergic urticaria at the age from 20 to 50 years. The study demonstrates that in allergic and cholinergic urticaria there is increase of IL-8 secretion level of blood monocyte lysosome labialization accompanied by increased stability index and secretion of lysosome enzyme lysozyme, less signifi cant increase of lysozyme synthesis. At the same time, in cholinergic urticaria, there is evidence of more marked changes of the studied indexes of blood monocyte functional activity.


Aim: To estimate the contribution of social support and demographic factors in the development of burnout syndrome in dentistry students. Method: A total of 169 Brazilian students participated via internet. For identification of the syndrome, we used the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-SS). Social support was assessed by the Satisfaction with Social Support Scale (ESSS). The validity and reliability of the instruments were estimated. To check the effect of variables on burnout syndrome, linear regression using structural equation modelling (SEM) was performed to estimate causal trajectories (β). Results: The participants' mean average age was 21.6 (SD = 3.3) years, 64.5% were female and 59.2% were enrolled in private schools. An appropriate adjustment of the instruments' factor models to sample was observed (MBI-SS: χ²/df = 2.173, CFI = .943; GFI = .888; RMSEA = .084; ESSS: χ²/df = 2.378, CFI = .904; GFI = .888; RMSEA = .091). The reliability of the scales was adequate (MBI-SS: α = .799-.903; ESSS: α = .653-.799). The model explained 33% of the variation of burnout with a significant contribution of social support (ESSS) (β = -.136, p = .042), gender (β = -.186, p = .005), housing (β = .124, p = .050), student performance in the course (β = -.293, p ≤ .001) and the thought of quitting the course (β = .333, p ≤ .001). Conclusion: Social support and demographic variables may play an important role in the burnout syndrome and therefore should be considered when implementing preventive actions and/or interventions (self-help or guided) in college students.


Neutral and cationic titanium imido complexes (R = t-Bu or SiMe3) with a triazacyclononane ligand bearing a monopendant arm have been synthesized. The structures of [Ti(NSiMe3)(L1)Cl] and [Ti(NBut)(L2)Cl]Cl are reported where HL1 = 1-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl)-4,7-diisopropyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane and L2 = 1-(2-pyridylmethyl)-4,7-diisopropyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane.


DEsPiTE the importance of the Bjerrum scotoma in the clinical management of glaucoma, there has been no generally acceptable explanation of its pathogenesis. Mechanical, toxic, and vascular theories have been proposed, and considerable evidence has accumulated in favour of the last: (a) Reese and McGavic (1942) found that resistance to visual field loss in glaucoma was directly related to the ratio of systemic blood pressure to intra-ocular pressure; (b) McLean (1957) and Harrington (1959) reported sudden progression of field loss in hypertensive glaucoma patients who were effectively treated with antihypertensive agents; (c) Harrington (1965) reported a series of 45 patients who did not have glaucoma, but who did have field loss in the 10 to 20 degree isopters typical of the Bjerrum scotoma. Most of those which could not be explained by congenital, inflammatory, or spaceoccupying lesions, had a vascular basis; (d) Gafner and Goldmann (1955), and later Drance (1962), showed that transient experimental elevation of intra-ocular pressure in normal persons could cause a transient Bjerrum scotoma; (e) Cristini (1951) found decreased capillary vascularity in histological sections of the optic nerve and uvea in 45 cases of glaucoma; (f) Gafner and Goldmann (1955) constructed an electronic model based on the anatomical findings of Fran9ois and Neetens (1954), and suggested that increased intra-ocular pressure would result in anaemia of the optic nerve head; (g) Fran9ois, Neetens, and Collette (1959) showed by perfusion studies that elevation of intra-ocular pressure could reduce capillary filling in the area of the lamina cribrosa. Examination of a thorium dioxide injected human specimen showed that retinal capillary filling was decreased in the peripapillary region, particularly on the temporal side (Fran9ois and Neetens, 1964). (h) Kalvin, Hamasaki, and Gass (1966) showed that retinal vascular filling could vary with induced intra-ocular pressure in monkeys.


The Energy oriented Design Technology try to controls and optimizes energy consumption in the whole lifecycle of a product. It requires completely optimization on product manufacturing, using process and drive manner of energy resources, at the meantime,also economical analysis and optimization on efficiency of energy resources reclaim and reuse. This article briefly introduces the function and importance of Design Technology, and its current status and development trend within and outside China. At last, comments on planning object and key technologies of the Design Technology.


1 The Hahn-Banach Theorem Optimization Problems.- 1.1 The Hahn-Banach Theorem.- 1.2 Applications to the Separation of Convex Sets.- 1.3 The Dual Space C[a,b]*.- 1.4 Applications to the Moment Problem.- 1.5 Minimum Norm Problems and Duality Theory.- 1.6 Applications to ?ebysev Approximation.- 1.7 Applications to the Optimal Control of Rockets.- 2 Variational Principles and Weak Convergence.- 2.1 The nth Variation.- 2.2 Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Local Extrema and the Classical Calculus of Variations.- 2.3 The Lack of Compactness in Infinite-Dimensional Banach Spaces.- 2.4 Weak Convergence.- 2.5 The Generalized Weierstrass Existence Theorem.- 2.6 Applications to the Calculus of Variations.- 2.7 Applications to Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problems.- 2.8 Reflexive Banach Spaces.- 2.9 Applications to Convex Minimum Problems and Variational Inequalities.- 2.10 Applications to Obstacle Problems in Elasticity.- 2.11 Saddle Points.- 2.12 Applications to Duality Theory.- 2.13 The von Neumann Minimax Theorem on the Existence of Saddle Points.- 2.14 Applications to Game Theory.- 2.15 The Ekeland Principle about Quasi-Minimal Points.- 2.16 Applications to a General Minimum Principle via the Palais-Smale Condition.- 2.17 Applications to the Mountain Pass Theorem.- 2.18 The Galerkin Method and Nonlinear Monotone Operators.- 2.19 Symmetries and Conservation Laws (The Noether Theorem).- 2.20 The Basic Ideas of Gauge Field Theory.- 2.21 Representations of Lie Algebras.- 2.22 Applications to Elementary Particles.- 3 Principles of Linear Functional Analysis.- 3.1 The Baire Theorem.- 3.2 Application to the Existence of Nondifferentiable Continuous Functions.- 3.3 The Uniform Boundedness Theorem.- 3.4 Applications to Cubature Formulas.- 3.5 The Open Mapping Theorem.- 3.6 Product Spaces.- 3.7 The Closed Graph Theorem.- 3.8 Applications to Factor Spaces.- 3.9 Applications to Direct Sums and Projections.- 3.10 Dual Operators.- 3.11 The Exactness of the Duality Functor.- 3.12 Applications to the Closed Range Theorem and to Fredholm Alternatives.- 4 The Implicit Function Theorem.- 4.1 m-Linear Bounded Operators.- 4.2 The Differential of Operators and the Frechet Derivative.- 4.3 Applications to Analytic Operators.- 4.4 Integration.- 4.5 Applications to the Taylor Theorem.- 4.6 Iterated Derivatives.- 4.7 The Chain Rule.- 4.8 The Implicit Function Theorem.- 4.9 Applications to Differential Equations.- 4.10 Diffeomorphisms and the Local Inverse Mapping Theorem.- 4.11 Equivalent Maps and the Linearization Principle.- 4.12 The Local Normal Form for Nonlinear Double Splitting Maps.- 4.13 The Surjective Implicit Function Theorem.- 4.14 Applications to the Lagrange Multiplier Rule.- 5 Fredholm Operators.- 5.1 Duality for Linear Compact Operators.- 5.2 The Riesz-Schauder Theory on Hilbert Spaces.- 5.3 Applications to Integral Equations.- 5.4 Linear Fredholm Operators.- 5.5 The Riesz-Schauder Theory on Banach Spaces.- 5.6 Applications to the Spectrum of Linear Compact Operators.- 5.7 The Parametrix.- 5.8 Applications to the Perturbation of Fredholm Operators.- 5.9 Applications to the Product Index Theorem.- 5.10 Fredholm Alternatives via Dual Pairs.- 5.11 Applications to Integral Equations and Boundary-Value Problems.- 5.12 Bifurcation Theory.- 5.13 Applications to Nonlinear Integral Equations.- 5.14 Applications to Nonlinear Boundary-Value Problems.- 5.15 Nonlinear Fredholm Operators.- 5.16 Interpolation Inequalities.- 5.17 Applications to the Navier-Stokes Equations.- References.- List of Symbols.- List of Theorems.- List of Most Important Definitions.


Thinking of starting a business selling food or drink? Find out more about health and hygiene standards and get started on the right foot.


Comprehensive geophysical programs including aeromagnetic, gravity, electrical, and seismic surveys have been carried out on the pre-Jurassic sediments of the West Siberian platform.


The quality of Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) determines the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. It provides information about the human soft tissue anatomy. MRI of spine is used by the physicians to evaluate any presence of diseases including slipped disk, herniated disk, trauma and disk degeneration. Existence of noises and artifacts can degrade the quality of the MR images. Thus, appropriate image processing techniques may help to improve the quality of the acquired image. Preprocessing is usually done to remove the noise, enhance an image boundary and adjust the image contrast. Current techniques to enhance and reduce noise in MRI human spine are discussed and a method using discrete wavelet transform to enhance the MRI of human spine is proposed. The resultant images are evaluated quantitatively. This study shows that the proposed method has better results as compared to other existing method based on evaluation tests.


The Munich Municipal Corpration is renovating old plants which have been in operation for the past 25 years with special attention being paid to environmental protection. The technical procedure used for minimising pollutants from the flue gases and the sophisticated outdoor and subsidiary installations necessitated by the proximity of the local community are described


In order to combat the rising of venerial disease more sex education in the schools and information to the public is needed. Problems in the treatment of gonorrhea include the resistance of some strains to penicillin and the undetected asymptomatic cases that spread the disease. Better for detection such as serediagnostic tests are needed. Research into methods of venerial disease prevention such as the development of vaccines and anti-infectious drugs along with specialized training of physicians should help to combat venereal disease in the future.


The utility model discloses an AOI (automatic optic inspection) automatic line system. The AOI automatic line system comprises an AOI machine, a stander, a first multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical hand, a second multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical hand, a control main machine, a plate loading device and a plate unloading device, wherein the stander is arranged on a worktable of the AOI machine; the first multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical hand is arranged on the top of the stander; the second multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical hand is arranged on the side part of the stander; the control main machine is respectively connected with the first multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical hand and the second multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical hand; both the plate loading device and the plate unloading device are arranged on the bottom of the stander and respectively connected with the control main machine. By adopting the structure, the horizontal occupied space of the automatic line system can be reduced.


To solve the universality and scale controllability issue of the driving authority arbitration in shared control, an analysis and evaluation framework of the driving capability mechanism in the virtual random vehicle-road field(RVRF) is proposed. As the assessment environment for the mechanism analysis of the driving capability, driving scenarios those can reveal the human-vehicle-road coupling mechanism and vehicle-road cooperative rules by coupling the space topology of drivable area with the vehicle motion patterns are obtained in the RVRF. Basing on the strict definition of driving capability, the off-line identification model satisfies the high-order nonlinear attributes of driving capability is established in the RVRF evaluation framework. The sample set consisting of the decoupled and dimensionless key parameters in the model is the key basis to represent the intrinsic attribute of driving capability. The classification is done basing on the combination of subjective and objective and driving capability is identified in real time basing on Gaussian multi-dimension hidden markov model(GM-HMM). Results show that the proposed virtual RVRF can objectively reflect the wave-particle duality of traffic flow and the proposed evaluation method for driving capability in the virtual RVRF can achieve accurate and reliable evaluation results. The mechanism analysis of driving capability in the virtual RVRF optimizes the rationality of driving authority arbitration mechanism, and improves the safety and driver acceptability for the shared control system.


New epoxyacrylic oligomers were received and used as the main components of the compositions that get hardened under Uv radiation. In order to synthesize the epoxyacrylates the diglycidyl ethers were used which contain a changeable number of carbon atoms in the cyclic aliphatic ring between the aromatic rings. The lacquer composition contains also an active diluent and a photoinitiator. As the active diluents the butyl acrylate was used, then 2-ethyihexyl acrylate, styrene and 2,2'- dimetoxy-2-phenylacetophenone as the photoinitiator. The physicochemical and mechanical properties of the received compositions were determined both before their hardening and after it. A high mechanical resistance ofthe foils received as result of polymerization of the studied compositions was confirmed. It makes them to be a preferable material for the hard protective coats of optical fibers.