Crime by taking advantage of duty is a kind of crime committed by the special subject.On form or on quantity,there are the new development and change in our country at present;it is a special type of crime with most serious social danger in our country at present.Taking the effective measure,reducing,preventing and punishing the national staff member's crime by taking advantage of duty,have already become the modern country's theory,the important contents of political theory and law science theory.


Hebei,as the major province of antibiotic production,has generated 300 000 ton fermentation residues of antibiotics annually.As a kind of hazard solid waste,with huge output and complex treatment processes,the fermentation residues of antibiotics has become a bottleneck to the development of the pharmaceutical industry.The conditions of the fermentation residues of antibiotics,as well as its disposal methods in Hebei Province were summarized systematically;moreover,the problems of the fermentation residues treatment in pharmaceutical industry were illustrated.According to the technical requirements,some useful suggestions and countermeasures were proposed for fermentation residue treatment and the environmental protection management for Hebei Province and even the whole China.


The individual peculiarities of the spleen ligaments, their morphometric characteristics, and the architectonic of the splenic artery and its branches were studied with 15 nonembalmed corpses and 32 abdominal complexes of adults using the traditional anatomical research methods. It was noted that the width and length of the gastrosplenic and phrenicosplenic ligaments correlate in direct proportion to the corresponding dimensions of spleen. It was established that the topography of the splenic artery and its main branches, as well as the tail of pancreas and splenic extraperitoneal area is rather variable. In most cases, the splenic artery and its branches are located in fatty tissue between the anterior leaf of the gastrosplenic ligament and posterior leaf of the phrenicosplenic ligament. We determined three types of division of splenic artery terminal branches within splenic hiluses. It was found that the form and sizes of the extraperitoneal area are distinguished by the attachment lines of posterior leaf of phrenicosplenic and colonosplenic ligaments to the visceral surface of spleen.


Recent increases in poverty and inequity combined with rapid population growth in developing countries have created substantial pressures on housing provision. Housing supply shortages and the deterioration in the quality of the housing stock have become serious problems that need to be addressed in these countries. The non-consideration of relevant socio-economical parameters by organizations responsible for housing provision has been identified as one of the major reasons for the housing inadequacies and poor quality in most urban fringes of developing countries - Ibadan inclusive. On this position, paper examines the influence of socio-economic factors in the determination of housing quality in the urban fringes of Ibadan. This study identifies the urban fringes in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. The paper examines the causes and characteristics of the urban fringes in the assessment of housing quality. The paper identifies the critical factors causing the formation of urban fringe to: (i) poverty; (ii) rapid urbanization and influx of people into urban areas;(iii) growth of informal sector, (iv) war, natural disasters and earthquakes leading to massive movement of people to places of opportunity and safety; (v) Ineffective Housing Policies; (vi) housing shortage; (vii) inefficient public administration, inappropriate planning and inadequate land administration tools. The paper asserts that the urban fringes have serious adverse effects on the people's health, their built environment and housing quality. The secondary data was obtained from books, journals and seminar papers while the primary data relating to housing quality were obtained by means of structured questionnaire. The study revealed a gap in quality between the low- and medium-income resident. This paper suggests the implementation of policies and planning, physical infrastructural development, social-economic improvement, environment and health improvement. Government, private and communities interventions on the urban fringes are required in order to check and prevent further decay for sustainable development. Therefore, government is encouraged to see urban fringes as a solution to new city planning rather than problem to the urban areas.


This article presents the most notable characteristics of the evolution of the availability for human consumption (AHC) of each of the principal foods consumed in Venezuela during the 1970-2001 period. It is structured in three parts: the first relates the dynamic economy to the availability of food energy; next the evolution of the availability of hundreds of categories of food consumed in Venezuela is shown classified in groups of food; and finally to conclude recent food dynamics, nutritional contribution and external dependency are analyzed.


Transarterial chemoemolization (TACE) is widely used as a palliative therapy for intermediate stage and unresectable HCC. It has the combination of target tumor chemotherapy and ischemic necrosis due to arterial embolization. TACE is found to improve survival comparing with supportive care.1 Contraindications of TACE are advanced liver disease (Child Pugh≥8), hepatic encephalopathy, refractory ascites, active gastrointestinal bleeding, renal impairment, and advanced tumors (bilobar, main vascular invasion, or extra hepatic metastasis).2 However, patients with extensive disease or deteriorated liver function may have greater risk of complications. The point at which this risk outweighs the benefits remains undefined (Figure 1).3 One of the most important complications of TACE is liver decompensation. Elevation of liver enzymes and negative changes of liver function tests are observed in many patients after procedure. Also evidence of new ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, or worsening of anyone of them which is already present can be observed. The development of the selective and super selective techniques minimized the rates of hepatotoxicity. In patients with preserved liver function, and serum bilirubin < 2.0 mg/dL), the rate of irreversible liver decompensation decreased from 20% in nonselective chemoemblization to 3% in selective or super selective ones.4,5 Radiological response after transarterial chemoemolization (TACE) is classified according to Modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) to: complete response (CR) (disappearance of arterial enhancement), partial response (PR) ( at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of viable enhancement), progressive disease (PD) (an increase of at least 20% in the sum of the diameters of viable enhancement, or appearance of new lesions), and stable disease (any cases that do not qualify for either partial response or progressive disease).6 However, radiological response is not the only factor predicting TACE outcomes. The best radiological response only does not mean good prognosis.7 Studies detected that other factors (TACE procedure, tumor burden, liver functional status, and health status) had an effect on TACE outcomes.8 Indeed, patients who are eligible for TACE are widely heterogeneous (due to different tumor extension, and different stages of liver functions). Therefore, tailored approach is required to optimize the clinical outcomes in each patient.9 We assessed patients before and after TACE in order to determine which factors might predict TACE outcomes.


Scientists are learning how crucial children's play skills are to their success in school and life. Observations of socially competent children reveal that they excel in various types of social intelligence. They may be good negotiators, for example, finding solutions on the playground. They may show leadership and be able to organize play activities. They may be empathetic friends, identifying with the feelings of others. They may also be insightful about what motivates their playmates. Children who lack social intelligence don't have these play skills and often don't pick up on social nuances and nonverbal cues such as facial expression. As a result, they are rejected socially. Children who lack the social skills needed for smooth play interactions are among the least popular in any children's group. Studies also show that poor social skills can lead to academic failure, school dropout, and getting into trouble with the law.


Post-stroke spasticity (PS) occurs in most patients with stroke and contributes to the development of pain syndrome and contractures, which substantially impairs the restoration of lost motor functions (MFs) and the quality of life of the patient. Objective : to evaluate the efficacy of a combination of botulinum toxin A (BTA) and multimodal stimulation in patients with arm PS. Patients and methods . The investigation enrolled 84 patients aged 18 to 85 years with PS, who had experienced ischemic stroke (IS) 1 month to 1 year before. In the study group (n=56), complex rehabilitation treatment was preceded by the use of BTA, while in the control group (n=28), multimodal rehabilitation therapy was performed without using BTA. Before and after treatment, neurological deficit was evaluated using the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), the Fugl—Meyer (FM) assessment scale, the British muscle strength grading scale, the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), the Barthel index, and the modified Rankin scale. Results and discussion . According to MAS, there was a statistically significantly spasticity reduction after BTA use in the study group compared to the control one (median 1 [1; 2] and 2 [2; 3] scores, respectively; p=0.0003). According to the FM scale, an improvement in arm MFs was noted in the study group compared to the control one (median 29.5 [20; 42] and 21 [13.5; 31.5] scores, respectively; p=0.008) and according to the ARAT scale this was observed in the study and control groups (14.5 [7; 27] and 3 [0; 12] scores, respectively; p=0.0004). In patients with upper limb PS, the use of BTA before a rehabilitation cycle using multimodal stimulation was shown to be statistically significantly more effective than the similar neurorehabilitation cycles without prior BTA therapy. The findings can be used in the routine practice of a neurologist when planning rehabilitation for more effective and well-founded treatment in patients with arm PS. Conclusion . Incorporation of BTA into multimodal stimulation was ascertained to be effective in patients with PS.


This article outlines a process, whereby public research efforts can be joined with private sector product needs creating a commercialization culture that can help provide opportunities and address the barriers of new product concepts for the marketplace. The issues discussed here were identified through research efforts that explored the opportunity to align academic research with private sector commercialization efforts. The purpose is to identify academic and private sector linkages that may benefit and enhance new product research efforts with the goal of moving faculty‐driven product research from inception to marketplace commercialization. The end result is a process by which public sector (institutions of higher education) and private sector organizations can interact to develop new products for the commercial marketplace that will meet the burgeoning product needs of current and future customers.


The paper presents machine learning methods for classification and forecasting problems. Tumor classification algorithms based on the Random Forest method are considered. To understand the distribution of classified data, a 3D graph of the three attributes of the date set was implemented. For a better understanding, graphs were constructed, namely the ROC curve and the RP curve. The AUC value for the model was also determined. The results of the graphs and AUC values were compared with the NoSkill model, ie the model without skills. High quality of the received models is offered.


Mycorrhiza, the plant root and fungus association has benefited the crop plants and forest trees immensely as natural partners of terrestrial ecosystem. Mycorrhiza played a key role in mobilizing phosphorous efficiently and increased the absorptive area of root, thus improved the plant growth and offered many other benefits. Ectomycorrhiza seems to have greater role in forestry while Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in crop production. Though some success has been achieved in producing ectomycorrhizal inoculum commercially, such commercialization has become difficult with reference to AM fungi. India, which has greater diversity of forest trees, crop plants and other plants, the mycorrhizal research did not reach the expected peak. Still mycorrhiza as biofertiliser has to reach the farmer and foresters in near future.


With the wide application of micro-electronic technique,electronic information facilities and computer systems have already gone deep into enterprises,because of the low working voltage and holding concussion voltage of this kind of facilities,it is very easy to be endangered by electromagnetism impulse of thunder and lightning.Ways of destroying caused by thunder and lightning are various.For examples,data signals may be in disorder,CMOS chip may be destroyed directly,as a result,the facility will conk out and communications will be cut off at once.Old measures against thunders mainly aimed at the system of strong electricity,but now the technical emphases against lightning strike have changed into the system of weak electricity.This paper explains the mechanism,SPD Style of simulating electronic facilities against lightning strike,and also the problems to which should be paid attentions when chooses.


ABSTRACT Resident perceptions and actions related to wildfire management are influenced by a complex set of factors that are often tied to a specific local context. We conducted in-depth case studies in two diverse communities to better illustrate how elements of local social context collectively influence wildfire perspectives and behaviors in a given locality. Our results suggest that the influence of commonly cited predictors for wildfire mitigation actions, including homeowners' associations, vegetation preferences, and previous experience with wildfire, can vary based on their interaction with other elements of local context such as residents' desire for privacy, preferences for wildland or ornamental vegetation, identification as "suburbanites" or "country residents," and willingness to collectively organize. We compare our results to existing wildfire social science findings and argue for a more holistic view of local social context as a way to design tailored strategies for increasing resident responsibility for wildfire.


Indonesia as an archipelago state has a national airspace of 5,180,053 km². Indonesia's airspace is located in a strategic position between the continents of Asia and Australia which makes Indonesia one of the busiest air routes in the world. Therefore, the management of air space is a vital matter that must be emphasized through various legal instruments. The sovereignty of Indonesian air space is affirmed in Article 49 paragraph (2) of the 1982 International Law of the Sea Convention which was ratified by Law Number 17 of 1985 concerning Ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. This article explicitly regulates the legal status of archipelagic waters, air space over archipelagic waters and the seabed as well as the land below. So far, territorial sovereignty that is complete and exclusive is regulated in Law Number 1 of 2009 concerning Aviation, but it does not specifically regulate the boundaries of Indonesia's sovereign air space, either vertically or horizontally. The national airspace of a country is completely closed to foreign aircraft, both civilian and military, so it must be with the permission of the underworld, either through bilateral agreements or multilateral agreements, so that a country's national air space can be traversed by foreign aircraft. Such closed nature can be understood considering that air space is a very vulnerable medium of movement when viewed from the point of view of under-state defense and security. Attacks using aircraft have many advantages and conveniences that can exploit the vulnerability of an air space, such as its fast (speed), wide range, surprise, optimal penetration. This is what prompts each country to adopt its national airspace protection standards which are strict and rigid. Flights between countries are fully regulated through the Bilateral Air Transport Agreement (BATA). Without BATA, the state cannot provide air transportation services to a country. BATA itself is a form of implementation of state sovereignty in air space that is complete and exclusive in the midst of globalization challenges, such as aviation liberalization (Open Sky Policy). Referring to the Open Sky Policy, this policy allows air carriers to make decisions on routes, capacities, prices and various options for flight activities.


The utility model relates to a freely yawing wind tunnel test device which can more conveniently and effectively realize the freely yawing wind tunnel test of an aerocraft module. The freely yawing wind tunnel test device comprises the aerocraft module. The utility model is characterized in that the freely yawing wind tunnel test device is also provided with a belly stay supporting rod; the top part of the belly stay supporting rod is fixed with the aerocraft module; and the lower part of the belly stay supporting rod is in a supporting seat, and is provided with a bearing.


Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) are recommended in patients with documented ASCVD or Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH), not achieving LDL-C target while treated with maximally tolerated dose of lipid-lowering therapy (LLTs). In this conext, single country real-life data, reporting use of PCSK9i in clinical practice are needed.

 AT-TARGET-IT is an observational, retrospective, IV phase registry, involving 10 Italian sites, designed to study adherence and persistence of PCSK9i (either Evolocumab or Alirocumab) in patients with ASCVD or FH.

 All clinical and demographic characteristics were recorded at the time of first prescription and at the latest observation preceding inclusion in the study. Adherence was calculated as Medical Possession Ratio (MPR), defined as the ratio between the drug units dispensed during the treatment period and the duration of the treatment period itself. Persistence was defined as therapeutic continuity from the start of treatment upon enrollment and was assessed at the time points of 6, 12 and 18 months from prescription.

 798 patients were enrolled. In the overall population, mean age was 62 years (±7.8) and the majority were male (66%). Patients were followed for a median time of 19.33 months. 760 patients (95.2%) showed high adherence to therapy, 13 (1.6%) partial adherence, and 25 (3.1%) no adherence. At 6 month 99.7% of patients enrolled in the study remained on therapy; there were 519 and 423 patients in the study with a follow up of at least 12 and 18 months respectively. Persistence in these groups was 98.1% and 97.5%, respectively. Overall, 28 patients (3.5%) discontinued therapy. No differences in adherence and persistence were found between patients on Alirocumab or Evolocumab.

 The AT-TARGET-IT registry study demonstrated that, in a large single-country real-world population, PCSK9i therapy is extremely successful in routine clinical practice, very high adherence and persistence.


This study investigated 'healthy' participants' perceptions of types 1 and 2 diabetes using mixed methods. A total of 38 participants were asked about their perceptions of both types of diabetes using video-based vignettes of four cases. Participants answered standardised questionnaires while thinking aloud and could expand during semi-structured interview sections. Four themes were identified: knowledge of diabetes, power to influence diabetes, limitations of responsibility or blame for diabetes and feelings about individuals with diabetes. Perceived controllability of causes and perceptions of illness management informs understanding of stigma and risk and emphasises the importance of comparing perceptions of both types of diabetes.


A large number of studies have examined the effect of air pollution on mortality and morbidity. However, the most of those studies have investigated associations between air pollution and only one or two specific diseases such as cardiovascular, pulmonary and mental diseases or pregnancy-related problems. This study aimed at exploring the risk effect of particulate matter air pollution on the emergency room visits for all these diseases in the city of Bor, Serbia. The data on daily emergency room visits between April 2014 and December 2018 as well as daily measurements of PM 10 from 4 stations were collected. The Generalized-Additive Model (GAM) with quasi-Poisson regression was applied to assess the connection between daily PM 10 and emergency room visits for each outcome. Calendar time, temperature and relative humidity were incorporated as confounding variables. Each 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 10 at lag 0:3 day was associated with 0.33% (95% CI: 0.11, 0.54) and 1.22 % (95% CI: 0.73, 1.71) increments in admission for cerebrovascular diseases and pregnancy-related problems, respectively.


Sexual minority identity (bisexual, lesbian) is a known risk factor for depression in women. This study examines a facet of minority stress prevalent among women—sexual identity mobility—as an identity-related contributor to higher levels of depressive symptoms. We used three waves of data from the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women (CHLEW) study, a longitudinal study of sexual minority women (N = 306). Random effects OLS regression models were constructed to examine the effect of sexual-identity changes on depressive symptoms. We found that 25.6% of the sample reported a sexual-identity change between Wave I and Wave II, and 24.91% reported a sexual identity change between Waves II and III. Women who reported a change in sexual identity also reported more depressive symptoms subsequent to identity change. This effect was moderated by the number of years participants' had reported their baseline identity and by whether the participant had initiated a romantic relationship with a male partner.


Bragg–Brentano X-ray powder diffractometry data and refined unit cell parameters are reported for a synthetic sample of dolerophanite, copper (II) oxysulphate [Cu2O(SO4)], prepared by heating AR copper (II) sulphate anhydrate in a muffle furnace at 725 °C. The data are compared with (i) two Debye–Scherrer patterns published by Mrose [Am. Mineral. 6, 146–153 (1961)]—for a synthetic sample and for a natural dolerophanite, the latter being pattern 13–189 in the ICDD Powder Diffraction File and (ii) a Debye–Scherrer pattern for a synthetic dolerophanite described by Borchardt and Daniels [J. Phys. Chem. 61, 917–921 (1957)]. A calculated pattern is also presented for the crystal structure of dolerophanite described by Effenberger [Monatschefte fur Chemie. 116, 927–931 (1985)]. The measured and calculated patterns reported here show reasonable internal consistency for both line positions and intensity data. While the agreement between these results and the data sets of Mrose is sound in terms of line positions, there is substantial disagreement overall between the intensity values given by the authors and those of Mrose. There is closer agreement between the intensities from the current study and those of Borchardt and Daniels.


A transformer including a tank housing a core assembly / transformer windings, wherein the core assembly / windings is rodedado by a dielectric insulating fluid; and wherein the dielectric fluid comprises two or more vegetable oils and an antioxidant; vegetable oils have a viscosity between 2x10- 6 and 15x10-6 m2 / s at 100 ° C and less than 110x10-6 at 40 ° C, and vegetable oils have a flash point greater than 300 ° C open container.


Objective: Since DMSA (Dimercaptosuccinic Acid) is an important and more sensitive kit in the realm of renal scintigraphy, in the course of this enormous study throughout five years, all quality control results from more than 500 Tc-99m radiolabeled DMSA kits and scans were studied to improve radiolabeling method through optimization of all involving parameters.
Methods: Instant thin layer chromatography (ITLC) (support: ITLC-Silicic-acid (SA), solvent: n-Butanol Saturated with 0.3N HCl) were used to calculate %radiochemical purity (%Tc-99m DMSA). Data from ITLC and scans were investigated to obtain the optimized radiolabeling method so as to decrease background uptake particularly liver uptake.
Results: Data suggested that if radiolabeling is performed under optimized involving parameters (Generator used day 2, SA=(15-20 mCi)/ (1cc) radiochemical purity=99.5% (Al2O3<5 ppm), generator's pH=4-4.5), the % Tc-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) will be ≥ 90-95%. Moreover, more intricate scans with abnormal biodistribution of radiotracer developed the expanded view on99mTc-DMSA(III) renal scan impression with regard to diseases that can affect the99mTc-DMSA(III) biodistribution. During this investigation, it was concluded that almost all diseases that influence liver and spleen including fatty liver, mononucleosis and similar illnesses could change routine biodistribution of99mTc-DMSA(III).
Conclusion: Finally, we suggested an optimized radiolabeling method99mTc-DMSA(III) ≥ 90-95%) to reach a precious imaging as more as we can decrease uncertainties about interpretation of Tc-99m DMSA scan considering patient's background to provide an effective diagnosis.


Purpose
This paper aims to study the impact of pyro-electricity, moisture and temperature diffusivity on the energy distribution of plane waves at the free surface of an orthotropic piezo-hygro-thermo-elastic medium.

Design/methodology/approach
This study presents the novel creation of governing equations for an anisotropic piezothermoelastic medium with moisture impact, which is a significant contribution of this paper.

Findings
In addition to providing numerical data for the amplitude ratios and energy ratios of reflected waves, this study identifies five different kinds of coupled reflected plane waves, namely, quasi-longitudinal P wave, quasi-thermal wave, quasi-transverse wave, quasi-moisture wave and electric potential wave.

Research limitations/implications
The graphical analysis examines the impact of various factors, such as the angle of incidence, moisture and temperature diffusivity, pyro-electricity and frequency, on energy distribution.

Practical implications
This paper's results significantly impact the development of more efficient piezoelectric materials and their applications in geophysics.

Originality/value
The authors of the submitted document initiated and produced it collectively, with equal contributions from all members.


In order to improve the level of accident control and prevention,based on the modern safety science viewpoints and accident-causing theory,applying case studies method,and starting from the identificationof the concept of hazards,the points are proposed that the hazards are any energy,energy carriers or hazardous substance which could cause the accident,while the hidden perils without energy are not the hazards.Further the classification of hazards,the hierarchical structure of hazards and accident prevention and control model are explored.At the same time,the position of each type of hazard in the accident control model is further analyzed,and the causes of accident and the counter measure are pointed out.It is turned out that accident is caused by the interactivity of direct hazard,the first triggering hazard,initial triggering hazard and etc..Strengthening the study on all types of hazards and taking countermeasures can effectively increase the level of safety management and accident control.


Time-space variability of surface seawater p CO 2 is examined over the region (150°W−180°, 46°N−50°N) of the subarctic North Pacific where large meridional gradients of temperature and nutrient concentrations exist. The data were collected during four trans-Pacific expeditions in three different years (1985–1987), but within the same 30-day period of the year (August – September). Systematic measurement differences between the four data sets are estimated as < 10 μatm. The inter-expedition comparison suggests that surface seawater p CO 2 in the study area is quite variable, with mean differences of up to 25 μatm and local differences up to 60 μatm. Spatial and interannual variability of surface seawater p CO 2 were found to contribute significant uncertainty to estimates of the mean Δ p CO 2 for the study area. Fluxes were calculated using Δ p CO 2 values from the four expeditions combined with gas exchange coefficients calculated from four different wind fields giving a range of − 0.94 to + 4.1 mmol CO 2 m −2 d −1 . The range of fluxes from the study area is scaled to a larger area of the North Pacific to address how this variability can translate into uncertainties in basin-wide carbon air-sea exchange fluxes. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.1998.t01-1-00006.x


A simple and efficient domino reaction has been designed and employed for the one‐pot synthesis of N‐(hetero)aryl carbamates through the reaction between alcohols and in‐situ produced (hetero)aryl isocyanates in the presence of a nickel catalyst. The phenolic C−O bond was activated via the reaction of phenol with cyanuric chloride (2,4,6‐trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine (TCT)) as an inexpensive and readily available reagent. This strategy provides practical access to N‐(hetero)aryl carbamates in good yields with high functional groups compatibility.


Prenatal corticosteroids were shown to reduce the respiratory complication in late preterm infants. Our objective was to determine if early inhaled corticosteroids could alleviate the respiratory distress and morbidity in late preterm and term neonates with transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN).


The article presents the results of the analysis of gender differences in patients hospitalized with diagnosis "acute coronary syndrome". The most common risk factor of acute coronary syndrome among men was smoking. The most common risk factors of acute coronary syndrome among women were general obesity, abdominal obesity, arterial hypertension and diabetes. Men significantly more frequently had multiform coronary disease with predominantly proximal level of the pathological process in comparison with women. Men are more often subjected to invasive treatment of acute coronary syndrome.


It has been demonstrated by molecular modeling and experiments that free nucleic acid bases form hydrogen-bonded complexes in vacuum but prefer π–π stacking in partially and fully solvated systems. Here we show using molecular dynamics simulations and metadynamics that the addition of a surface (in this case a nanographene monolayer) reverts the situation from stacking back to hydrogen bonding. Watson–Crick as well as several non-Watson–Crick base pairs lying on a graphene surface are significantly more stable in a water environment than a π–π–π-stacked graphene–base–base assembly. It illustrates that the thermodynamics of nucleobase interactions results from a fine balance among hydrogen bonding, stacking, and solvation, and that these effects must be considered in molecular design.


An analytical nonadiabatic approach has been developed to study the dimerization gap and the optical absorption coefficient of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model where the electrons interact with dispersive quantum phonons. By investigating quantitatively the effects of quantum phonon fluctuations on the gap order and the optical responses in this system, we show that the dimerization gap is much more reduced by the quantum lattice fluctuations than the optical absorption coefficient. The calculated optical absorption coefficient and the density of states do not have an inverse-square-root singularity, but have a peak above the gap edge, and there exists a significant tail below the peak. The peak of optical absorption spectrum does not directly correspond to the dimerized gap. Our results of the optical absorption coefficient agree well with those of the experiments in both the shape and the peak position of the optical absorption spectrum.


Containerized one‐year Scots pine single‐tree families from open‐pollinated seeds collected in (i) a natural mature stand in Korpilombolo (lat. 66°53'N and (ii) a 35‐year‐old field trial at Nordanas (lat. 64°18'N) were freeze‐tested at ‐10°C to study the variation between families with respect to early cold‐hardening in the autumn. There was a significant variation in cold‐hardening between single‐tree families from the Korpilombolo stand. There was also a significant variation in cold‐hardening between progenies of trees within families in the Nordanas field trial. The cold‐hardening of a progeny was positively correlated with the level of needle attachment to the current year lateral shoots of the mother tree in early August. Observation of needle attachment in late summer was suggested as a method of screening for early cold‐hardening in breeding Scots pine for northern localities.


The study analyzed the relationship between self-cognition level of information literacy(SCLIL) and library anxiety(LA). SCLIL was 3.72 point, LA was 2.47 point, and these results are similar to previous studies. SCLIL and LA are correlated each other significantly(r


With the change in the learning system from conventional to online in the current pandemic, it is a challenge for teachers, especially early childhood educators, to find interactive learning methods. Therefore, in this paper, we will focus on the Learning Management System (LMS) strategy used by educators to continue to provide quality interactive learning to early childhood education level students. Because until now, the problem faced by Early Child Education (ECE) teachers is that there is no research on dual-function learning applications, both for communication and giving learning assignments. The research will be conducted using the slovin method and surveys of 70 teacher respondents who have experience using learning applications and 30 of them are experts in assessing the visualization of a system. interviews were conducted with a time span of one month from February - March 2021. Aim of the research is to provide learning application solutions that have dual functions and are interactive for early childhood targets. An Interactive learning application for the main target of early childhood, where from the learning media studied ranging from Class Dojo, Whatsapp, Google meet, Youtube, Worksheets, and email, Class dojo which received high votes from 70 respondents by getting 72% results became findings study. This dojo class application can be a recommendation for educators' learning media because it has complete features and can be improved communication between educators and guardians of students through the additional contact feature of the student guardian group of the dojo application.


Abstract This study aims to determine the influence ofthe quality of the audit, company size and leverage against corporate earnings management sub sec tors of the pharmacy listed on the Indonesia stock exchange period2011 to 2016. The population of this reseach is the entire pharmaceutical sector sub companies. Theresults of this research points out that the size of the public accounting office doesn't have an effect on earning management, while the size of the company and leverageeffect on earnings management. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ukuran KAP , ukuran perusahaan dan leverage terhadap manajemen laba di perusahaan sektor manufaktur sub sektor farmasi yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2011– 2016. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahan sub sektor farmasi. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa ukuran KAP tidak berpengaruh terhadap manajemen laba, sedangkan ukuran perusahaan dan leverage berpengaruh terhadap manajemen laba.


A spring (304) biases a movable housing part (12, 16) away from a fixed housing part (10, 306, 156). The fixed housing part (10, 306, 156) is composed only a main housing (10), a draw tube (306) and an inlet valve housing (156). The inlet valve housing (156) is inserted into the main housing (10). The movable housing part (12, 16) is composed of a forward housing (12), which includes a trigger (14), and a nozzle (16). The main housing (10), the inlet valve housing (156) and the forward housing (12) together form a variable volume pump chamber (318). The inlet valve (184, 268) includes , a valve plug (184) which is initially connected to a sidewall portion (168) of the inlet valve housing (156) by a frangible section (196). During assembly, an axial push is imposed on the valve plug (184), to sever the frangible section (196), and then move the valve plug (184) rearwardly past stop lugs (198, 200), into a position axially between the stop lugs (198, 200) and an inlet valve seat (268). The nozzle (16) is rotatable between an "open" position in which two sections (64, 97) of an outlet passageway are in alignment, to permit liquid flow from the pump chamber (318) to an outlet opening (46) and a "closed" position in which the two passageway sections (64, 97) are out of alignment, and flow out from the pump chamber (318) is blocked.


The policy of the endowment insured fund is an important component inthe social security system of our country. This thesis analyzes the major problem existing on the present fund policy. In the light of specitil londittions in our country makes certain explorations from angle of audit, trying hard to find out a set of feasible countermeasures to solve the problem.


SAR real-time signal processing system already becomes an important part of SAR devices and an indispensable means to military application. This paper introduces a SAR real-time signal processor system which is provided with multi-mode processing, such as continuous high-resolution large-scale strip imaging, accurate pointing spotlight imaging and other interrelated processing. The selected system architecture and algorithm are introduced. Excellence experimental results are obtained based on UAV platform. And this shows that the system is reliable and feasible.


In order for users to employ IP networks to efficiently transport multimedia and mission critical traffic, the networks must be able to provide mobility that incorporates guaranteed quality of service (QoS). Existing mobility management protocols do not maintain flows' QoS requirements. In this paper we discuss a new QoS-aware mobility management mechanism that provides guaranteed QoS and supports both intra-domain and inter-domain mobility. We discuss simulation studies that demonstrate that the new mechanism is significantly superior to mobile-IP in managing intra-domain node mobility and inter-domain node mobility when QoS must be guaranteed


The aim of this paper is to evaluate the Six Sigma methodology using the tools and techniques as a proxy. The central problem will be defining usefulness in a measurable and valid way. A review of the literature on Six Sigma revealed seven major sources that articulated tool sets; all were incorporated into the study. For Project Management, A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide)—Third Edition was used as the primary source of tools (Project Management Institute, 2004).


Received 23 October 2003; Accepted 6 January 2004 Fluidized bed medium separation (FBMS) technology was applied to dry coal cleaning. The FBMS utilizes floating and sinking of coals with different specific gravity in a gassolid fluidized bed. Mixture of calcium carbonate and zircon sand was used as the fluidized bed medium. The apparent specific gravity of fluidized bed was adjusted to between 1.3 and 2.1 by varying the bulk volume fraction of calcium carbonate and the superficial air velocity. FBMS system with a device that can continuously discharge floating and sinking coals was used for the continuous cleaning of Ikeshima coal. As a result, for coal with specific gravity of 1.41.6, the yield of clean coal of 60~70% and ash recovery of 60~80% were attained with probable error of 0.04~0.05 at coal feed rate of 30~1000kg/h.


This paper examines and evaluates a new robust and fragile watermarking scheme for colour images captured by mobile phone cameras. The authentication has been checked by using the fragile watermarking, while the copyright protection has been examined by using the robust one. The mobile phone number, including the international code, is a unique number across the whole world and it is used as a robust watermark. The number is embedded in the frequency domain using the discrete wavelet transform. On the other hand, hash codes are used as fragile watermarks and inserted in the spatial domain of the RGB image. The scheme is blind and the extraction process of the watermarks (Robust and Fragile) does not require the original image. The fragile watermark can detect any tampering in the image while the robust watermark is strong enough to survive against several attacks. The watermarking algorithm causes minimal distortion to the images. The proposed algorithm has been successfully tested, evaluated and compared with other algorithms.


This research aims to test empirically the comparison of financial performance before and after the convergence of IFRS. Financial ratios used are the current ratio for the liquidity ratios, debt to assets ratio (DAR) and the debt to equity ratio (DER) to the solvency ratio, and return on assets and net profit margin for profitability ratios. This research was conducted in the trade sector listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2009 - 2015. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method and acquired 15 companies. This is done using test of paired samples T-test. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the current ratio, debt to assets ratio, Debt to Equty Ratio, Net Profit Margin and Return on Assets before and after the convergence of IFRS. Keywords: IFRS, current ratio, Debt to Assets Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Net Profit Margin, Return On Assets.


The present invention provides an air conditioner using mixture refrigerant heat exchanger and an air conditioner, comprising a finned tube heat exchanger, the header, at least 2-way splitter and a bypass tube connecting header of each shunt tube, the the other end of the collector tube and the inlet end of the flow splitter is connected to a shunt outlet respectively connected to one end of the split of each shunt tube, each of said shunt tubes are finned tube heat exchanger with the tube connecting passage, characterized by: each of the same shunt tube and the length and inner upright, the inner diameter of each of the shunt tubes 2.0-3.5mm. The mixed refrigerant is a mixture of HFC-32 refrigerant and HFO-1234ze or HFO-1234yf refrigerant, the refrigerant is HFC-32 at least 50% of the total weight of the mixed refrigerant. Can improve the non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant temperature glide problem caused; Further, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved and the heating capacity of the air conditioner heat exchanger.


The results of X-band high pulse power amplifier design are presented. The amplifier supplies a 70-80 W peak pulse power and operates with instantaneous bandwidths of 8.4-8.7 GHz.


Excess molar enthalpies of {x1 tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) + x2 1-pentanol+ (1 − x1 − x2)decane} and the involved binary mixtures {x tert-butyl methyl ether (MTBE) + (1 − x)decane} and {x 1-pentanol+ (1 − x)decane} have been determined at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure over the whole composition range using a Calvet microcalorimeter. The results were fit by means of different variable-degree polynomials. In the present work, we propose a new expression to fit the ternary excess molar enthalpy, which takes into account the asymmetric shape of the involved binary systems. The group contribution model of the UNIFAC (in the versions of Larsen and Gmehling) were used to estimate excess enthalpy values. Several empirical expressions for estimating ternary properties from binary results were also tested.


Due to the particularity of the high-speed flow, in order to accurately obtain its' temperature, the measurement system should has some characteristics of not interfereing with the flow, non-contact measurement and high time resolution. The traditional measurement method cannot meet the above requirements, however the measurement method based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology can meet the requirements for high-speed flow temperature measurement. When the near-infared light of a specific frequency is through the media to be measured, it will be absorbed by the water vapor molecules and then the transmission light intensity is detected by the detector. The temperature of the water vapor which is also the high-speed flow temperature, can be accurately obtained by the Beer-Lambert law. This paper focused on the research of absorption spectrum method for high speed flow temperature measurement with the scope of 250K-500K. Firstly, spectral line selection method for low temperature measurement of high-speed flow is discussed. Selected absorption lines should be isolated and have a high peak absorption within the range of 250-500K, at the same time the interference of the other lines should be avoided, so that a high measurement accuracy can be obtained. According to the near-infrared absorption spectra characteristics of water vapor, four absorption lines at the near 1395 nm and 1409 nm are selected. Secondly, a system for the temperature measurement of the water vapor in the high-speed flow is established. Room temperature are measured through two methods, direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) and wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) ,the results show that this system can realize on-line measurement of the temperature and the measurement error is about 3%. Finally, the system will be used for temperature measurement of the high-speed flow in the shock tunnel, its feasibility of measurement is analyzed.


The present invention relates SOME NEW SOLUTIONS injection or infusion COMPOSITION: A) enrofloxacin, from 0.1 to 20% by weight based on total weight of the solution as their salts with polyhydroxycarboxylic acids or amino OR MIXTURES; B) polyhydroxycarboxylic acids, amino acids or their mixtures in 0.1 to 5 molar excess OF REFERRED enrofloxacin; C) optionally from 0.1 to 30% by weight AUXILIARY PRODUCT formulation relative to the total weight of the solution; D) water to 100% by weight.


The interviewed journalists in Argentina were mostly male and slightly under forty, with an average of 38.75 years old (s=10.18). Half of these journalists were younger than 37 years. Of the 363 interviewed journalists, 134 were women, making for 36.9 percent of the overall sample. Journalists tend to be educated: 67.7 percent of the respondents held a university or college degree; 12.4 percent of the journalists had obtained a Master's degree, and 22.5 percent had undertaken some university studies but they did not complete their studies. Of those respondents who held a university degree, a majority (79.3%) have specialized in communication or journalism. Across the whole sample of Argentinian journalists, 50.8 percent had specialized in journalism, 11.9 percent had studied in another communication field, and 16.6 percent had specialized in both journalism and another communication field.


Nurses in England should gain better access to skills and training under a new Department of Health (DH) voluntary code setting out standards for NHS trusts.


Receptors for vasopressin and oxytocin have been characterized in a large number of tissues and cell types using tritiated peptides, arginine (AVP) and lysine vasopressin, oxytocin, desGly9-d(CH,),-[~-Tyr(Et)2] VAVP, d(CH&5-[Tyr(Me)2]AVP, and more recently dDAVP. On the basis of functional and pharmacological criteria, at least four receptor subtypes for neurohypophysial peptides in the rat can be distinguished: V,, V,,, V2 vasopressin receptors, and oxytocin receptors. The identification of vasopressin and oxytocin receptors in the brain and peripheral nervous tissue was mainly based on the demonstration of close similarities between these sites and well-characterized peripheral receptors with respect to the kinetics of hormonal binding and ligand selectivity. However, it was unexpectedly found that oxytocin receptors are recognized with a high affinity by vasopressin as well as oxytocin. This property, together with the fact that the available tritiated hormones (arginine, vasopressin, and oxytocin) have a low specific radioactivity, prompted us to develop some new ligands. The aim of the present article is to discuss the properties of vasopressin and oxytocin receptors in the central and peripheral nervous tissue and to present the new specific radioligands developed for the characterization and localization of these receptors.


This article considers Jussi Parikka's Insect Media: An Archaeology of Animals and Technology and its place within the broader context of neomaterialist philosophy. The question of Insect Media, and indeed of neomaterialism more generally, can be summarized as follows: how might one open oneself to radically alien durations, while remaining politically sensitive to the concomitant risk of technocapitalist capture? Moving through the wide range of subjects engaged with by Parikka, from entomology and cinema to the most advanced forms of programming ecologies, I focus on Parikka's organizing notion of insects as figuring the molecular disruption of the phantasmatic molar body. For Parikka, it is the swarm that serves as his privileged example, which he locates at the intersection of animal studies, posthumanism and media theory. After outlining Parikka's important reworking of Bergson's conception of instinct, understood as 'intensities', which functions equally well within the domain of new media, and some of its implications for neo-Darwinism, I then consider Parikka's 'melodic' conception of both nature and technology. Such a conception, I suggest, is problematic in its conflation of nonhuman animals with, for example, software, technologies, viruses and parasites. This in turn puts into question Parikka's 'use' of insects in relation to the claim, common to neomaterialism in general, to have moved beyond an anthropocentric viewpoint. Rather, I argue, such a conception rebuilds a humanist enclosure, albeit one in which, following Guattari, subjectivity can no longer be identified with the individual. Insofar as Parikka designates every nonhuman animal and every machine as beings prior to language and thus prior to intelligence, the non-unitary subject is as a result restricted to the experiencing human subject. This, as Eugene Thacker points out, has serious political implications as regards the attribution of value, or not, to this or that life. However, insofar as Parikka considers instinct as habitual rather than as predetermined and, moreover, extends it to technical beings, I suggest that such a placing of instinct as 'prelinguistic' cannot be maintained. By way of conclusion, I appeal for the opening of a dialogue between neomaterialism and deconstruction, with its focus upon language understood in a much broader sense.


We present a model checking tool based on game semantics and CSP for verifying safety properties of software, such as assertion violations or array-out-of-bounds errors. The tool implements a data-abstraction refinement procedure applicable to open programs with infinite integer types. The procedure is guaranteed to terminate for unsafe inputs.


Two of the major goals in Educational Data Mining are determining students' state of knowledge and determining whether students are affectively engaged with the task and in positive affective states. These two problems are usually examined separately and multiple methods have been proposed to solve each of them. However, little work has been done on tracing both of these states in parallel and the combined effect on a student's performance. In this work, we propose a model for tracing student engagement in parallel with knowledge as the student uses an Intelligent Tutoring System. We then compare this model to existing methods of tracing student knowledge and engagement.


Monthly interest rate forecasts from nearly 50 major financial institutions are used to examine the expectations hypothesis at the short end of the term structure for the Canadian T-bill market and Libor markets in the US, UK, and Switzerland. Using CVARs, the term premium is found to move inversely with consumer sentiment in all four samples at the 1% level. Extension to the polynomial CVAR also suggests that a fall in the interest rate raises the premium, at least temporarily. This is interpreted as arising from the decreasing upside potential for bond price movements related to the zero lower


In this paper, the subcarrier and power allocation problem for energy efficiency maximization is addressed, which is different from traditional throughout maximization. Lagrangian dual decomposition (LDD) is applied in this problem and a multilevel water-filling for power allocation is derived. But the water-filling in this paper is a transcendental equation, which is different from traditional water-filling form. To solve this equation, fixed point iteration is applied. Besides, a sufficient condition for the existence of the fixed point is derived and joint resource allocation algorithms are designed. Finally, numerical results verify our work and the energy efficiency is improved compared with the capacity maximization scheme.


This article is the result of research on the Mapping of the Potential of Inter-religions Conflict in Ende, Flores, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia with the main locus in the Southern District of Ende. The selection of Ende is based on the consideration that the district has a high level of diversity. Three major religions (Muslim, Catholicism, and Protestantism) emerged almost simultaneously in the 16th century. Diversity plunged Ende into two ends of the spectrum. At one end of the spectrum, plurality in Ende is a social glue. However, at the other end of the spectrum, plutality brought social disasters such as riots in the name of religion on February 8, 1998, known as Ende Gray. Until now coexist. The theory used in this research is Social Conflict Theory. Conflict theory helps explain the causes of conflictual patterns of relations between religious groups. Conflict Theory can also explain two paradoxical phenomena, namely religion which on the one hand is a social glue, but on the other hand is the main cause of disintegration. While the method used is descriptive premises field strategy staging potential conflict. Social mapping of potential conflicts as the most direct way to understand the intricacies of the nature, intensity and area of conflict. The results showed that the encounter of two or three religions contained potential conflicts, both hidden conflicts and open conflicts. Every district in NTT has a typology of conflict. The nature and form of conflict is very dependent on four things: The history and mode of meeting religions, the way indigenous people accept other religions. The form of settlement (exclusive or random) has the potential for interreligious conflict, and the influence of interreligious conflicts that occur outside the East Nusa Tenggara region. Potential interreligious conflicts arising from exclusive patterns of settlement and because of population heterogeneity. Certain religious communities choose specific areas with certain socially constructed traditions. Potential conflicts are found in Paupanda, Tetandara and Tanjung Sub-districts in Ende Selatan District and Ende Island in Ende District..


Protecting mucosal barriers, γδ T cells hold promise for the development of new cancer immunotherapies. In mice, γδ T cells can largely be segregated into CD27+ and CD27− cells, and their functions are modulated by interactions with surrounding cells. However, which cells communicate directly with γδ T cells in lung adenocarcinoma remains unknown. To address this, we combined flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and scRNA-seq, using an autochthonous genetically engineered mouse model and different γδ T cell-deficient settings. We found that γδ T cells were increased in tumour-bearing lungs, with an altered phenotype. CD27− and CD27+ γδ T cells differed in their localisation and interactions including their tropism for macrophages. Overall, we propose a model where CD27+ γδ T cells undermine the differentiation of tumour-associated macrophages into airway macrophages, fostering a negative outcome in lung adenocarcinoma. Determining its translatability to human health may offer new avenues for immunotherapeutic strategies. Summary Guardians of pulmonary homeostasis, γδ T cells remain enigmatic regarding their role in lung adenocarcinoma. Raffo-Iraolagoitia et al. report that a subset of γδ T cells impairs the differentiation of tumour-associated macrophages into airway macrophages, relevant for the outcome of lung adenocarcinoma. Graphical Abstract


To conduct the morphological observation,biochemical tests,drug susceptibility tests and so on for Citrobacter freundii from the intestine of tilapia. Two typical bacterial strains were isolated and purified from the intestine of tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus),and numbered LF-1 and LF-2,respectively. The results showed that the two bacterial strains were both Gram-negative short bacillus which could use citrate and glucose to produce gas,wherein ornithine decarboxylase was negative for LF-1 and positive for LF-2. The two bacterial strains were identified as Citrobacter freundii inquired by the numerical code table. Furthermore,drug susceptibility testing showed the two bacterial strains were high sensitive to chloramphenicol,gentamicin,cefamandole,ofloxacin,norfloxacin,and other drugs.


PURPOSE: To prepare the subject antagonist, comprising a cyclic polypeptide containing a tripeptide sequence Arg-Gly-Asp and having a relatively short duration of activities suitable for therapeutic treatment in which the prevention of blood platelet aggregation over a short period of time is desired. CONSTITUTION: This firbinogen receptor antagonist comprises a cyclic polypeptide represented by formula I (A is H, an acylamido, an aminoacylamido, etc.; R and R are each H, CH3 , C2 H5 or a 3-5C alkyl; X-Y is S-S, CH2 -S, S-CH2 , CH2 CH2 , etc.; C is methylproline, azetidinecarboxylic acid, etc.; D is an L-isomer of arginine, homoarginine, guanidoaminobutyric acid, etc.; E is COOH, CONH2 , H, formula II, etc.), preferably a polypeptide represented by formula III to V. The antagonist is used for promoting the thromobolysis and preventing the reocclusion.


Survey was conducted to investigate the association between market orientation, production process, product performance, organizational performance and financial performance. The purpose of this survey was to investigate relationships among market orientation, launch strategy, product performance, organizational performance, profitability and financial performance. Target populations were employees of selected Ethiopian beer factories BGI Ethiopia who are currently consuming the product; from which sample was determined through judgmental sampling method. Inquired data was collected via survey questionnaire, linear regression analysis was conducted to check the relationship among leading variable. Finally it was found that firms' profitability and financial performance are being influenced by market orientation, launch strategy, product performance and organizational performance. Firms are recommended to focus on enhancing market orientation, launch strategy, product performance and organizational performance to boost profitability and financial performance.


Spatial variations in impurities (cryoconite) on the glacier surface were investigated on Qaanaaq Ice Cap and Tugto Glacier in the northwest Greenland in the melting season of 2012. Abundance of impurities ranged from 0.36 to 119 g m -2 (dry weight, mean: 18.8 g m -2 ) on bare ice and from 0.01 to 8.7 g m -2


Waterside is one of a handful of recent British commercial buildings that will be remembered long after this decade is over. Its greatest significance is as a marker of the changing relationship between organizations and their office accommodation. The story of its development contains many generic lessons to be derived from the use of architecture as a catalyst in change management. It is hoped that a future paper will report on one of the most intractable problems in architectural research–whether office design (and Waterside in particular) can affect productivity.


Crude and diesel oils were spilled on five common Mesters Vig plant communities at an intensity of 10 L m-2. The communities include wet marsh, grassland, and three types of dwarfshrub heath. The reaction of the plant species of the different communities was recorded three successive years after the spills. After the third year the status is as follows: Where crude oil was spilled, the shrubs showed moderate recovery. Salix arctica showed best recovery, whereas Dryas octopetala and Vaccinium uliginosum showed almost no recovery. Graminoids recovered moderately on the wetter plots, but slightly or not at all on the drier plots. Forbs showed no recovery, but in the third year a few seedlings occurred. Mosses showed moderate to good recovery on the wetter plots, but almost no recovery on the drier plots. Generally, the degree of recovery was best in the wet and moist plant communities. In the diesel-oil treated plots, shrubs showed no recovery. Graminoids showed almost no recovery except for Carex bigelowii which recovered moderately. Forbs showed almost no recovery except for a very few seedlings. Mosses recovered moderately in the dry plots and excellently in the wetter plots. Generally, recovery of mosses was better in the diesel plots than in the crude oil plots.


In this digital project review, I discuss the companion website CriticalCodeStudies.com in relation to Mark C. Marino's book Critical Code Studies (2020). Over the past decades, companion websites have become a small but persistently growing genre in academe, with products ranging from paratextual records to publications in their own right. The Critical Code Studies companion website makes excellent use of content and design to make mediaspecific arguments that interrogate the research subject, foregrounding a method that oscillates between close reading and contextual reading as well as promotes personal and communal reading practices. The combination of book and companion website successfully makes intellectual interventions not only into the case studies but also into our conception of source code in general. I review how the companion website reflects, amplifies, and contradicts the arguments made in the book. Differences in media materialities produce different content and meaning. N. Katherine Hayles's concept of "media-specific analysis" has become a staple in the study of creative digital artifacts, which she posits to "explore the dynamic interaction between the artifactual characteristics and the interpretation that materiality embodies." Hayles conceives of mediaspecific analysis to interrogate the materiality of literary hypertext. Its print and digital manifestations make it ideal for her to analyze the specificity of the electronic hypertext. Although increasingly commonplace in the study of creative works, a parallel for the study of multimodal academic texts is still in the evolution phase. Comparable to hypertext's print and digital manifestations, print books can have digital companion websites as counterparts. Unlike hypertexts, these print and digital counterparts usually complement each other in one project. In reviewing academic texts, we take media-specific analysis to a higher level by investigating the effects of media-specificity on the intellectual intervention of the book project. Just as Hayles argues that part of the meaning of a hypertext is in the links between textual nodes, so can a companion website make arguments by its content as well as its structure. For this review, then, my overarching interrogation is, how does the companion website reflect, amplify, and contradict the arguments made in the book?


Volume and pore water pressure variations that develop in saturated soils due to temperature changes are expressed in terms of the thermal expansion of the soil components, compressibility of the soil and physico-chemical effects. While the compression index of remolded illite was found independent of temperate, the higher the temperature the lower the void ratio at any given consolidation pressure. The magnitude of pore pressure change accompanying temperature change under undrained conditions is controlled primarily by the compressibility of the soil and thermal expansion of pore water. Results are useful for assessing the effects of temperature variations on properties of soils, the assessment of necessary laboratory temperature control during undrained tests, and the study of physico-chemical phenomena in soils.


This paper proposes a methodology for operation strategies of DSM programs considering the diffusion of all-electrified houses, which is one of the strategic load growth in DSM program patterns. In this methodology the DSM portfolio with B/C analysis and power system analysis are carried out to find the optimal solution.


Every pencil of hermitian matrices is conjunctive with a pencil of the form L ⊕ M, where L (the "minimal-indices" part) has no elementary divisors and M (the "nonsingular core") is a nonsingular pencil. Here it is shown that the conjunctivity type ofM is determined by that of L ⊕ M. The same method of proof applies to many other types of pencils, e.g. to congruence of pencils based on (1) a pair of symmetric matrices, (2) a pair of alternating matrices, or (3) a symmetric and an alternating matrix.


In contrast to humans and animals who naturally execute seamless motions, learning and smoothly executing sequences of actions remains a challenge in robotics. This letter introduces a novel skill-agnostic framework that learns to sequence and blend skills based on differentiable optimization. Our approach encodes sequences of previously-defined skills as quadratic programs (QP), whose parameters determine the relative importance of skills along the task. Seamless skill sequences are then learned from demonstrations by exploiting differentiable optimization layers and a tailored loss formulated from the QP optimality conditions. Via the use of differentiable optimization, our work offers novel perspectives on multitask control. We validate our approach in a pick-and-place scenario with planar robots, a pouring experiment with a real humanoid robot, and a bimanual sweeping task with a human model.


Australian and New Zealand scientists encountered an aggregation of an estimated 80 rare Antarctic blue whales during a six week ecosystems research voyage to the Balleny Islands and Ross Sea in February this year.


This dissertation first analyzes parametric convex conic optimization problems and corresponding robust problems with respect to stability properties. Robustification is based on a worst case approach explicitly considering uncertainty in the parameters. After theoretical investigations of benefits and costs of this method, robustification is applied to the well-known portfolio optimization problem of Markowitz. The focus is on modelling the needed uncertainty set for the practical problem appropriately. The promising results of robust portfolio optimization are illustrated using real data.


Chlamydiae are important human pathogens and the leading causative agents for a variety of diseases.Many human diseases caused by chlamydiae are considered to be immunopathologically mediated.Toll like receptors (TLRs) have been proved as the major pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) for many pathogens.TLRs play an important role in the process of initiating innate immune response and establishing adaptive immune responses.Among TLR family,the roles of TLR2 and TLR4 have been extensively studied in chlamydial infection.TLR2 and TLR4 play essential roles for the recognition of chlamydial infection,regulation of the early immune responses and inflammatory reaction.In this article,the roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in immune responses to chlamydial infection were reviewed.A better understanding of the immunological and molecular mechanisms mediated by TLRs will help to explore the molecular targets for immunotherapy and ultimately to control the diseases infected by chlamydiae.

Key words:
Chlamydia; Toll like receptor 2 ;  Toll like receptor 4 ;  Immune response;  Signaling transduction


The reproduction test with enchytraeids was standardized for
testing of chemicals as well as for soil quality assessment. As
a supplement for this test, the screening avoidance test has
been developed recently but its design is still discussed. In
our study, the toxicity of pesticide carbendazim to species
Enchytraeus albidus was studied in LUFA 2.2 soil using the
avoidance test with the aim to clarify the test design, the
minimal test duration, and the changes in contaminant
bioavailability due to ageing. Firstly, the hypothetical
presumption that the same number of individuals occurs at each
side of the control test vessel was statistically confirmed in
a test with clear soil. After that, the concentration causing
50% avoid reaction (EC50) and the minimal time to reach this
value was determined. In the next test, the LUFA 2.2 soil was
spiked by that EC50 concentration and it was let to age for 1,
14, and 28 days before the test start. The results indicated
that enchytraeids preferred older contamination where
carbendazim was probably less bioavailable. Our results support
the applicability of enchytraeid avoidance test for testing a
bioavailability of contaminants.


Abstract We monitored the movement, distribution and site affinities of radio-marked Tule Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons elgasi) during spring and summer in Alaska, 1994-1997 and 2004. Our assessment of summer movements was comprehensive, as locations were obtained during prenesting, nesting, and molt for over 90% of geese with active radios captured during winter or the previous summer in Alaska. Geese arrived to coastal and interior marshes in the Cook Inlet Basin (CIB) from mid April to early May, after which they moved to nesting areas in the upper CIB. Nesting birds used coastal staging areas in close proximity to eventual nest site location. Molting sites included a sub-glacial lake system in the upper CIB, although up to 50% of geese underwent a molt migration to wetlands across the Alaska Range, 400-600 km west of the CIB. Geese that molted at distant sites returned to the CIB before autumn migration. Length of stay in the CIB varied among years from 108-119 days, and averaged 116 days. Summer home-range sizes, exclusive of molting areas, averaged >273,000 ha, and were substantially larger than reported for other northern-nesting waterfowl. No radio-marked geese were found nesting in the vicinity of Redoubt Bay on the west side of Cook Inlet, and few nested near the Susitna Flats, the only other previously known nesting areas. The absence of nesting geese from Redoubt Bay corroborates aerial survey data showing a precipitous decline in the use of the west side of Cook Inlet between the early 1980s and early 1990s. The change in distribution of geese is likely related to a major eruption of Redoubt Volcano in 1989 that significantly altered landscapes used by nesting, brood rearing, and molting geese in the vicinity of Redoubt Bay. High inter-site movements of Greater White-fronted Geese throughout summer in south central Alaska likely increases exposure to predation, but also promotes social interactions and facilitates pioneering of distant, and diverse habitats in a vast, patchy, and often unpredictable landscape.


Objective To explore the effect of after second operation of recurrent Brain matastatic.Methods The intracranial pressure of 7 patients decreased repectively in after surgery. Results Complete comvalescence was in 6 patients,and 1 patient died because of complication,6 patients was no recurrence of tumors during the follow\|up period of 6 months,2 patients no recurrence in one year. Conclusion The findings suggest that recurrent Brain matastatic of surgery operation indicution by second operation can improve viability and prolong survival time.


A six-year-old spayed female mixed-breed dog was evaluated for coughing, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, and intermittent fever of four month's duration. Extensive alveolar, interstitial, and peribroncial infiltration was observed throughout the lung fields, Pulmonary actinomycosis was diagnosed by isolation of Actinomyces from anaerobic cuture of a transtracheal aspirate. Therapy for Actinomycs resulted in clinical remission; however, radiographic evidence of a severe pulmonary pathologic condition remained 45 days after the initiation of therapy. The dog was asymptomatic for pulmonary disease two years following treatment.


. Brexit has been a hot topic of discussions since the referendum held in June 23 2016; the long and difficult negotiations and multiple delays of the Brexit have caused uncertainty and confusion in pharmaceutical industry in both UK and EU. As EU pharmaceutical companies have been part of UK pharmaceutical market for decades and makes considerable contribution to UK`s health system it is important to acknowledge what the Brexit might bring to the industry and how the company marketing strategies should be aligned to cope with the consequences caused by Brexit. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the research is to assess the influence of Brexit on EU and UK pharmaceutical markets and industry in order to acknowledge potential risks, challenges for conducting marketing activities in UK pharmaceutical market after Brexit. The findings of this article could later be used by pharmaceutical industry professionals to better understand the Brexit influence on pharmaceutical industry and align their marketing strategy. Objective: To assess the possible consequences of Brexit on UK and EU pharmaceutical markets and industry. Methodology/methods: In order to attain the goal and objectives, the following quantitative and qualitative methods were used: meta and content analyses, analysis of the most recent scientific and professional literature available and in-depth interviews of industry experts. The study is based on scientific papers published by foreign scholars, general and special literature, periodicals, governmental and industry reports. Findings: the research outlined the challenges that pharmaceutical industry is facing due to Brexit process; it also outlines the possible future challenges that industry might face in the future and outlines possible solutions that can be adapted in practice.


The grain boundary area has a great influence on the polycrystalline material properties and in nano crystallized metals. It could be considered as a glass metal phase in addition to crystallites in a composite structure. In this research, a general procedure for directly quantifying the crystalline and amorphous phases is introduced by using an x-ray diffractometry technique. Nickel with a nano crystalline structure was deposited onto pure copper samples with grain sizes of between 17 to 124 nm by an electroplating technique. A combination of measuring the area of the XRD pattern characteristic peaks and x-ray background scattering were used for the estimation of the crystalline and amorphous volume percentages. The results show that there is a non-linear relationship between the percentage of the crystalline phase calculated by the geometrical method and the area of the selected XRD peak. An experimental formula is suggested for the calculation of the crystalline phase volume percentage of the nano structure nickel samples based on the (200) x-ray peak area.


This experiment were conducted with Desert goats in ELObied locality, Northern Kordofan state, to evaluate the effects of concentrate supplementation of sesame capsule residual on body weight changes and reproductive performances of grazing desert goats. Twenty eight (28) adult doe's and two buck of Desert goats were used in experiment. The does were divided into four groups of similar initial body weight. They were randomly assigned to four supplementary feeding treatments. Group A (7 does) was used as a control (un supplement as in farmer practice), the second group B was supplement with diet of 99% sesame capsule residual, group C with diet of 74% sesame capsule residual and group D was supplemented of 49% sesame capsule residual. All does in all groups were subjected to natural grazing. The results indicated that supplemented does secured higher significantly (P<0.05) body weight before kidding, where animals in group C had better body weight before kidding than other groups. High weights were secured by group C (28.74kg), B (26.57kg) and D (27.94kg), where control group A secured lowered body weight before kidding (25.07kg). Also the results indicated that the body weight at kidding, weaning and body weight change of supplemented groups was significantly (P<0.05) affected by nutrition, where higher body weight were obtained by supplemented groups compared with control group. The respective body weights at kidding were 23.33, 25.23 and 25.63kg for B, C and D groups respectively. Supplementation favored significantly (P<0.05) higher weaning weight for supplemented group than un-supplemented group (control). The results indicated that the dams experienced variable body weight losses imposed by supplementation, the body weight losses was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the control group10% compared to the supplemented groups B (3.9%), C (1.47%) and D (6.75 %) from kidding to weaning time. The results indicated that supplementation that offered to does significantly (P<0.05) effect litter size, however group C secured the largest litter size (1.57) than group B and D with 1.29 together. The supplementation with sesame capsule residual secured highly (P<0.05) significant total and daily milk yield. The supplemented groups produced higher milk with significance (P<0.001) high in fat and lactose.


Connected personal healthcare, or Telehealth, requires smart, miniature wearable devices that can collect and analyze physiological and environmental parameters during a user's daily routine. To truly support emerging applications (Fig. 18.3.1), a generic platform is needed that can acquire a multitude of sensor modalities and has generic energy-efficient signal processing capabilities. SoC technology gives significant advantages for miniaturization. But meeting low-power, medical grade signal quality, multi-sensor support and generic signal processing is still a challenge. For instance, [1] demonstrated a multi-sensor interface but it lacks support for efficient on-chip signal processing and doesn't have a high performance AFE. [2] showed a very low power signal processor but without support for multi-sensor interfacing. [3] presented a highly integrated SoC but lacking power efficiency. This paper demonstrates a highly integrated low-power SoC with enough flexibility to support many emerging applications. A wide range of sensor modalities are supported including 3-lead ECG and bio-impedance via high-performance and low-power AFE. The ARM Cortex™ M0 processor and matrix-multiply-accumulate accelerator can execute numerous biomedical signal processing algorithms (e.g. Independent Component Analysis (ICA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA,) CWT, feature extraction/classification, etc.) in an energy efficient way without sacrificing flexibility. The diversity in supported modalities and the generic processing capabilities, all provided in a single-chip low-power solution, make the proposed SoC a key enabler for emerging personal health applications (Fig. 18.3.1).


A 18 year old Arab male was hospitalized in our hospital with a 3 month history of epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain. He also had DM-1, which was diagnosed at age 10 years. He was treated by means of an insulin pump but the treatment was changed to insulin injections 4 months before his hospitalization. His DM was poorly controlled (HbA1C 11%). He reported no alcohol use, smoking, previous liver disease, family history of liver disease, blood transfusion, exposure to toxins, or cholelithiasis. His other medications included omeprazole (20 mg/day) which he had been taking for one year due to epigastric discomfort. On physical examination the patient was alert without jaundice. He had hepatomegaly without tenderness. No splenomegaly, pedal edema or ascites was noted. Laboratory studies showed a total bilirubin level of 1.4 mg/dl, alanine transaminase 92 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase 144 U/L, alkaline phosphatase 123 U/L, gammaglutamyl transpeptidase 116 U/L, lactate dehydrogenase 1228 U/L, total protein g lycogenic hepatopathy is an underrecognized disease causing elevations of serum transaminases in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1. It mainly appears in patients with poorly controlled DM1. We describe an 18 year old male patient with DM-1 who presented with abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, elevated liver enzymes and lactic acidosis 4 months after changing his insulin treatment regimen. Three months after receiving extensive insulin treatment, the hepatomegaly and all hepatobiliary laboratory abnormalities resolved. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing the rapid appearance and resolution of the disease in parallel with glycemic control.


This paper introduces three factors of MVC design pattern used in software development,analyses the main ideas and the processing flow of Struts2 architecture and gives Web application system development and Realization of Struts2 in the MyEclipse8.5 environment to show effectively improving the speed of software development because of the use of struts2.


11033 Background: FVB MMTV PyMT is a great mouse model for studying LBC due to its stochastic nature, immune system preservation, natural growth kinetics and ER/HER2 status. We approached the transcriptomic (T), proteomic (P), phospho-proteomic (P-P) and metabonomic (M) layers of regulation of the tumor phenotype attempting to unravel mechanisms of resistance to antiangiogenic drugs (ADs) and find new targets. Methods: Treatments started when tumors measured 0,1cm3; with the VEGFR/PDGFR inhibitor BIBF 85mg/kg/day; a murine analog of B 10mg/kg/biweekly; or vehicle (V). Tumors were harvested at time 0, week 1 (T1), or at sacrifice (Tend, 1cm3). Cd31 and pimomidazole measured vascularization and O2. T; P/P-P; and M layers were interrogated with sure print 3G arrays; titanium separation - HPLC fractionation - orbitrap spectrometer run; and GC/MS and LC/MS. Gene ontology pathways were discovered with GSEAS; kinase networks by consensus domain analysis; metabolic pathways rearrangement with in-house built bioin...


The harmonic analysis on a Lie group G is strongly related to the Fourier analysis on its Lie algebra q, as shown by the orbit method. It is my desire to give an interpretation of the Plancherel formula for the group G in this context. Let me first give the example of a torus T: Let F be a lattice in a real vector space V and T= V/F the torus. We identify the Lie algebra g of T with V. For f E V* we denote by Xf(X) = e if x) the associated character of the abelian group V. Thus T is described as the dual lattice F* of F in V*, where F* = {f E V*, Xf(X) 1, for all x E J}. The Poisson summation formula is given by


The kinetics of chloral hydrate metabolism after the i.p. administration of this agent were investigated in mice. Chloral hydrate was found to have a biologic half-life in this species of 12.0 minutes, the rate constant for its disappearance being 0.057 min -1 . Of the administered chloral hydrate 56% was reduced to trichloroethanol, the rate constant for this process being 0.032 min -1 . Trichloroethanol itself was found to be metabolized much more slowly, the rate constant for its disappearance being 0.0033 min -1 and its biologic half-life in mice 211 minutes. From this data it proved possible to predict quantitatively the degree of accumulation of trichloroethanol in vivo after chloral hydrate administration and to confirm the prediction experimentally. It was observed that in mice trichloroethanol is not oxidized to trichloroacetic acid in any detectable amounts. Trichloroacetic acid formation from chloral hydrate was found to occur with a rate constant of 0.0064 min -1 resulting in the oxidation in this manner of some 11% of the administered chloral hydrate. About 9.6% of the administered chloral hydrate was found to escape metabolism altogether, at least 4.5% of it by excretion into urine. Co-administration of an equimolar amount of ethanol was found to lead to a significant increase in the rate of chloral hydrate disappearance, the rate constant for it under these conditions being 0.075 min -1 . The rate constant for trichloroacetic acid formation did not change significantly under these circumstances although significantly less trichloroacetic acid was formed from the administered chloral hydrate. Trichloroethanol formation was the only other process whose rate was increased by co-administration of ethanol, the rate constant under these conditions (0.059 min -1 ) being increased by 84%. The rate of trichloroethanol disappearance was found not to be significantly altered by ethanol co-administration. On this basis it was possible to quantitatively predict an even greater accumulation of trichloroethanol in vivo and also to confirm this experimentally. It was also found that after i.v. administration trichloroethanol is 1.18 times as potent as chloral hydrate on a molar basis in causing a loss of righting reflexes. it is concluded that the greater accumulation of trichloroethanol which occurs after co-administration of ethanol can adequately explain the observed potentiation by this agent of the effects of chloral hydrate in mice.


The W-Ni-Fe compounds were chosen as high density tungsten alloy.The nano oxide powder of W-Ni-Fe was prepared by sol-gel method and then the powder was reduced by chemical reduction method.The influence of temperature,heat treat time and surfactant on the morphology and size of the powder was researched.The optimal process parameters were determined.


Seminars - Participation in External Seminars , Outlines when it is appropriate for NSW Public Health Employees to participate in externally run seminars.


This editorial introduction to `Health, disease and healthcare in Africa' addresses some of the key issues for health psychology in the continent. African populations face a health crisis driven by a double burden of disease, a nutrition transition, war and conflict, and poverty. Health systems are under-funded and underresourced. Research suggests that the most prevalent diseases in Africa are preventable and treatable, and that most deaths are avoidable. Health practices and systems that may aid equitable, cost-effective and sustainable healthcare exist but remain untapped. We advocate a reflective, action-oriented health psychology that challenges social injustice and racism, and develops strategies that promote more just and healthy societies.


Objective:To explore the characteristics of Chinese children and adolescents' moral judgments about physical and relational aggression.Methods:One thousand and eighty-five participants aged 10-15 years were measured with Moral Reasoning about Aggression Scale.Results:① The wrongness and harmfulness of physical and relational aggression were rated lower and lower with age.② Wrongness and harmfulness of physical aggression were rated significantly lower than those of relational aggression.③Girls judged physical and relational aggression more wrong and harmful than did boys.Conclusion:Children and adolescents can properly evaluate the wrongness and harmfulness of physical and relational aggression,but their judgement had remarkable differences in gender and age.


The effect of forming (cold isostatic pressing and slip casting) on particle packing and the consequent effects on densification, phase transformation and microstructural evolution was evaluated during isothermal sintering of a transition alumina powder (Nanotek®, particle size of 47 nm, δ and γ phases). It is well known that the transformation of transition alumina towards the stable α phase has a critical influence on the sintering behaviour. Therefore, correlation between microstructural evolution and shrinkage in compacts was established using dilatometry, scanning electron microscopy and X-Ray diffraction. Green samples were obtained via pressing or slip casting. For the same initial green density, the samples prepared by slip casting present a more homogeneous pore distribution, and a better homogeneity of particle packing, due to an optimal dispersion of particles in the slurry. This initial microstructure feature improves the particles rearrangement during the transition to α-alumina and hence enhances the transformation to the thermodynamique stable α phase and the densification step. It leads to significant improvement in final material by modifying at the same time the microstructure evolution and the densification rate.


Trust evaluation is increasingly important for collaboration in Internet today. We propose a multi-dimensional evidence-Based trust evaluation model named EBTrust model, which expands the types and sources of evidence. We put both transaction feedback and the network operating behavior information into this model. We analyze and design an EBtrust model which is based on multi-dimensional evidence including the evidence collection module, evidence formal processing module and trust calculation and management module. The EBTrust model can resist conspiracy and malicious comment behavior.


The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of two different recovery intervals (RI) between repetition sets of strength training (ST) on muscular strength performance in trained elderly women. Ten older women (age of 66.6 ± 5.8) with previous experience in ST, performed the following protocol: a) test of maximum repetition (10-12 RM) in the Scott biceps curl exercise; b) two additional test sessions (48 hours apart from each other) of three sets were performed until muscle fatigue in each set by applying the load found during the 10-12 RM test. Two different RI were used in these two sessions; that is, in one of the sessions the RI lasted 90 seconds (RI 90) between sets and 180 seconds in the other (RI 180). Student's t test for dependent samples showed that the total volume of the RI 180 test session was statistically superior (19%, P <0.05) compared to the RI 90 session (27.5 ± 3.4 e 23.1 ± 3.3 repetitions, respectively). The two-way 2x3 ANOVA for repeated measures in the last factor, including IR and number of repetitions for each set, showed significant interaction (F (1,18) = 4.62; P = 0.02), which demonstrates that the sustainability of repetitions is dependent on the IR duration. It is concluded that the selection of different IR durations presents important effects on the total volume of a ST session and on the number of repetitions of subsequent multi sets. These findings can present relevant implication to professional intervention with ST in trained older females.


The scleractinian coral Cladocora caespitosa (Linnaeus 1767) is a colonial, long-lived and reefbuilding coral. It is endemic for the Mediterranean Sea, protected by national and international legislation and recently included in the IUCN Red List as an endangered species. This study reports preliminary results on the first monitoring of C. caespitosa populations on 3 locations (Verige, Sv. Nedjelja and Sv. Đorđe) in the Boka Kotorska Bay (Montenegro). Along 11 transects (each 50 m) in total 98 colonies were intercepted and measured (minimum and maximum diameters, and height of the colony). Great majority (71%) of measured colonies were found in the depth range from 10 to 15 m depth. Diameter of colonies was varying from 1.5 cm up to 35 cm, but colonies are generally small, 7.9 cm on average and a degree of sphericity (IS index) was 0.6. Unfortunately, many colonies were partially or completely dead and bleaching was observed on all three locations.


The reactivity of rhodium(I) and iridium(I) ethene complexes with tri- and tetradentate nitrogen donor ligands towards dioxygen has been investigated both in the gas phase, in solution and in the solid state. Since the reactivity of organometallic complexes can be very complex in all phases, a comparison of the reactivities in each phase can be very useful and provide more insight into certain steps in a reaction mechanism. Such comparisons may also give information about the reasons for observed low complex stabilities. The influence of the steric bulk on the reactivity was investigated as well. In solution only for the sterically hindered complexes products could be isolated: peroxo and peroxo-ethene complexes. No C-O bond formation took place. In the solid state no selective reaction could be observed. In all cases where more than one product was obtained paramagnetic species were among the products formed. From reaction of iridium(II) ethene complexes with dioxygen it became clear that unlike iridium(I) species, the iridium(II) complexes are capable of C-O bond formation. Such insight is of importance for the development of catalytic olefin oxygenation by group VIII metal centres. Gas-phase behavior of the rhodium(I) and iridium(I) ethene complexes correlates well with stabilities in solution. Upon collision with dioxygen in the gas phase only diamagnetic products are formed: peroxo complexes for rhodium and peroxo-ethene complexes for iridium. The type of complexes that are reactive in the gas phase and the mechanism via which they react (associative or dissociative) depends on the region of the mass spectrometer. Contrary to solution no electron transfer reactions take place in the gas phase. In those cases where electron-transfer processes compete with formation of peroxo or peroxo-ethene species, the paramagnetic pathway is shut off in favour of the diamagnetic pathway.


Literary texts foregrounding "local" forms of thought and language gained institutional space in Hawai'i during the late 1980s as a drive on the part of Hawai'i-based writers for selfnarration. Written from, to, and about culture in Hawai'i, the texts were often self-consciously minor, concerned with characters on the margins, and aimed at the "survivance" (Vizenor) of local and/or indigenous communities. 1 At the same time, in part reflecting the colonial "Americanization" of the islands, many writers in Hawai'i develop imaginative relationships to American literary forms and classics that are not simply dismissive or parodic, but instead appropriate and redirect source materials. Problems staged within American classics—particularly at the intersections of region, race, gender, development, and perception—are recast in the terms of local cultural debate or activism. Reading authors from Hawai'i who repurpose mainstream American narratives can be an effective way to explore with students questions of both the ongoing relevance of classics and


The applicability of the KOMPSAT-5 (Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite-5) SAR on soil moisture detection is addressed in this paper. The sensitivities of the X-band radar backscatter on surface roughness and soil moisture are examined for rough bare soil surfaces. Then, the sensitivities of the X-band radar backscatter on the soil moisture of vegetated surfaces are also examined for various vegetation densities and incidence angles. The applicability of an X-band radar for soil moisture detection may be as good as L-band radar for bare soil surfaces. For vegetated surfaces, the soil moisture can be detected using X-band radar at lower incidence angles, where the upper limit of the range of incidence angles depends on the vegetation density.


This paper holds that deepening the learning and practice of the Scientific Idea of Development requires doing a good job in "Four Integrations",namely the integration with situational task education,the integration with people's livelihood improvement,the integration with learning organization establishment,and the integration with the promotion activities of spiritual civilization,which is the basis for promoting work in all-round way.


The utility model relates to a vibration detection module. A vibration sensing circuit is formed by an ND-1 vibration sensing controller IC1, and a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 which are connected with the periphery of the ND-1 vibration sensing controller IC1. An output terminal of the ND-1 vibration sensing controller IC1 is connected to a triode VT1 through a resistor R2. The triode VT1 is connected to a linkage contactor K through a relay J. When acquiring a signal, the vibration sensing circuit of the vibration detection module can be in linkage with related antitheft alarm equipment. The vibration detection module is advantaged by being stable in work, low in cost, simple in linkage control, and the like.


Abstract : Contents: Identification of Stream Bank Erosion; Factors and Forces Causing Stream Bank Erosion and Failure; Stream Bank Erosion and Failure Modes; Investigation of Stream System; Selection and Design Criteria for Revetment Projects; Erosion Control Methods; General Revetment and Relative Cost; New England Demonstration Project.