Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamenskii, 1901) is one of the most important bony fish inhabiting the Caspian Sea. The Iranian Fisheries Organization produced up to 200 million fry to restock the Caspian Sea population annually. Loss of genetic stocks and gradual depletion of the gene pool are parameters of great concern for the future of the species. In the present study, we used ten microsatellite markers to estimate the level of genetic diversity and compare the degree of genetic differentiation among kutum populations collected from Gharesou, Tajan and Goharbaran rivers in the south of Caspian Sea. The average number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 12.33, while the average observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.22 to 1.00 and from 0.69 to 0.88, respectively. Through AMOVA, a low level of variation between regions as well as a large percentage of total variation within population was observed. Current knowledge about artificial breeding suggests that offspring transfer between rivers has probably reduced the natural divergence naturally exists between these pools. These results could be useful for the genetic management of kutum populations.


A unicornuate uterus with a noncommunicating rudimentary horn is a rare uterine anomaly. The usual presentation is often asymptomatic; however, it can have catastrophic sequelae and long-term morbidity if not diagnosed. A case series of three cases with a varied clinical presentation of noncommunicating rudimentary horn was discussed. All cases had undergone a primary surgery, wherein the rudimentary horn was either unattended or undiagnosed, and later, they had to suffer with long-term morbidities due to complications related to noncommunicating rudimentary horn and had to undergo repeat surgery for definitive management. It should be routine for a surgeon to look for normal anatomy of the uterus and position of the uterine appendages, insertion of round ligaments in any pelvic surgery, and common operations like cesarean sections.


The Sustainable Development Goals promulgate access to sanitation and hygiene for all and the end to open defecation in the framework of the human right to sanitation. Tanzania has one of the lowest levels of access to sanitation, with increasing open defecation. Ending open defecation has been identified as a top priority for reducing global inequalities in WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene). In this context, the coordinated work of NGOs, universities and governments developed a hygiene and sanitation programme (UMATA), whose methodologies and lessons learnt are ready to be scaled up. This research analyses the information collected from more than 21,000 households and discusses the challenges of monitoring and tracking the degree of achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals and the human right to sanitation. A characterisation of the hygiene and sanitation situation and the degree of adoption of different latrine types was assessed before (baseline) and after (follow-up) the implementation of the UMATA programme using the WHO/UNICEF JMP (Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene) metrics and approach. This allowed evaluating the efficacy of the strategy implemented in Tanzania to reduce open defecation that led to a decrease from 40.7% to 9.70% in the monitored period. Finally, we discuss the critical economic factors affecting the adoption and sustainability of improved sanitation systems.


Metal sulfide nanoparticles (MSNs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique optical, electronic, and catalytic properties. These nanomaterials have great potential for many applications, such as solar cells, sensors,...


It is well known that sequences with good autocorrelation properties are closely related to cyclic difference sets. In my talk, I will survey some not well known types of difference sets related to sequences. I will also summarize some multiplier theorems for difference sets and discuss their implication for sequences.


Abstract The effect of organic inhibitors on corrosion fatigue performance of steel in a mixture of brine containing H2S-CO2 and diesel fuel is reported. The inhibitor concentration required to give significant protection to steel under corrosion fatigue conditions is much higher than that for corrosion control. This is due to the fact that corrosion fatigue cracks initiated at incompletely protected spots on the material surface influence fatigue failure regardless of the degree of protection achieved on neighboring areas. Effects of fatigue stress and concentration of corrosion inhibitors were investigated. Results were analyzed in terms of the proposed mechanism for corrosion inhibition in these environments.


The decisions of operators from both the transportation and the electrical systems are coupled due to Electric Vehicles' (EVs) actions. Thus, decision-making requires a model of several interdependent operators and of EVs' both driving and charging behaviors. Such a model is suggested for the electrical system in the context of commuting, which has a typical trilevel structure. At the lower level of the model, a congestion game between different types of vehicles gives which driving paths and charging stations (or hubs) commuters choose, depending on travel duration and energy consumption costs. At the middle level, a Charging Service Operator sets the charging prices at the hubs to maximize the difference between EV charging revenues and electricity supplying costs. These costs directly depend on the supplying contract chosen by the Electrical Network Operator at the upper level of the model, whose goal is to reduce grid costs. This trilevel optimization problem is solved using an optimistic iterative algorithm and simulated annealing. The sensitivity of this trilevel model to exogenous parameters such as the EV penetration and an incentive from a transportation operator is illustrated on realistic urban networks. This model is compared to a standard bilevel model in the literature (only one operator).


In article the problems of modernization of pedagogical education which became obvious within the first year of its implementation in practice by means of vector model reveal. Keywords:


A circuit schematic is extracted from β-lactamase protein hydrogen bonding network. The circuit is consisting of block-elements that functionally represent the hydrogen bonds. The behavioral description of each block element is represented by polynomials. Polynomials and electric connections between the elements are coded in Matlab and Verilog-A. DC, transient, and digital analyses are performed. Simulations proved that the circuit can process digital signals and behaves similarly to current mirror, amplifier, and inverter.


The basic concept of the new data reduction and compaction approach presented in this paper is to process on-board the satellites, the sensor raw data output essentially on a comparison/correlation basis, with stored targets' signatures. In this manner only pertinent target information, extracted from the vast raw sensor data, will be downlinked, therby substantially reducing total bits transmitted.


A comparative study is conducted to investigate the training patterns in a digital environment with a focus on the program of comparative media studies at MIT and the Department of Science and Technology Communication and Policy at USTC.Areas such as the aims of training,doctrine of teaching,structure of curriculum,and patterns of training are assessed to obtain an insight into the training patterns for communication studies in the new environment.


Abstract : In the final fifth year, we finalized research projected for all five Specific Aims of the grant. In the Aim 1, we have analyzed the role of geometry of anti-CAM conjugates in their targeting to endothelial cells. In the Aim 2, we have characterized the roles of mode of GOX targeting, oxygen supply and biological factors controlling acute lung injury in the new mouse model developed in this grant. In the Aim 3, we characterized protective effects of targeting antioxidant enzymes in animal model of oxidative stress caused primarily by H2O2 vs superoxide anion and found that targeting of catalase vs SOD provides effective protection in these cases, respectively. In the Aim 4, we completed characterization of thrombin-activated mutant fusion protein, scFv/uPA-T synthesized in the year 4. In the Aim 5, we have studied protective effects of anti-CAM/AOE and scFv/uPA-T in a mouse model of in situ lung ischemia/reperfusion, established in our group and found that targeting of both antioxidants into endothelium and pro-urokinase to endothelial surface protect the lung against oxidative and thrombotic stress in this clinically relevant model. Taken together, the data accumulated in the course of this grant and analyzed in the final report indicate that targeting of antioxidant and anti-thrombotic enzymes to endothelial CAMs affords significant advantages in treatment of pulmonary oxidative stress and thrombosisintertwinedhallmarksofALI/ARDS.


a local hospital, is testified in the most conclusive manner by the fact that, within less than a month from the opening, every bed in the male ward was occupied. " There can be no doubt that the hospital has already, during its short existence of three years, proved an inestimable boon to the labouring poor of this borough, the bulk of whom are engaged in more or less perilous occupations, while sufferers from all parts, far and near, have also been admitted. The institution is entirely free, accidents and cases of emergency


The articles in this special issue focus on current trends and developments in the field of computer arithmetic. This is a field that encompasses the definition and standardization of arithmetic system for computers. The field also deals with issues of hardware and software implementations and their subsequent testing and verification. Many practitioners of the field also focus on the art and science of using computer arithmetic to carry out scientific and engineering computations. Computer arithmetic is therefore an interdisciplinary field that draws upon mathematics, computer science and electrical engineering. Advances in this field span from being highly theoretical (for instance, new exotic number systems) to being highly practical (for instance, new floating-point units for microprocessors).


This report describes an in-depth study on the design regarding five process machines', within Tetra Pak Dairy and Beverage Systems AB, common platform called Main Module. It is an inferred iss ...


Nonintrusive load monitoring (NILM) is a process that monitors the aggregated power consumption data of customers measured by a single sensor and decomposes the real-time power consumption of each dedicated device. Recent research has been focused on in- depth learning. However, the expensive cost of training time and the huge model scale are not conducive to the realization of smart meters. It is still challenging to accurately predict the real-time power of high-frequency appliances. This article uses the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to preprocess the data, which divides the frequency of the training power data. The processed data will be transferred to the enhanced sequence-to-point network (en-S2P) for training. The en-S2P network is the promotion of a sequence-to-point model (S2P) optimized by the autoencoder and bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) layer. And it is compressed by a combined pruning algorithm after being trained. The proposed model method is tested on the UK-DALE and REDD datasets using db2 and sym5 wavelet transform and compared with the S2P. Extensive experiments show that the proposed model can obtain a more satisfactory decomposition performance of appliances, especially high-frequency. In addition, it has a more lightweight scale and maintains a certain degree of sparsity, which is friendly to electricity meters.


Summary The action of Quidam is set in Hadrian's Rome. Public and private hysteria rises due to the Jewish war 132-135 p. Chr., but also to a conflict between Hadrian's religion policy and its Greek, Jewish and Christian opponents. The Jewish uprising is confronted to Greek non opposition and to the Christian way of opposition by public faith witnesses. It is raised to the role of a 'motor' in a ruined epic machine, and hints to modern Polish (or other nations') uprisings. Barchob (Bar-Kokhba?) is shown as a Roman Jew's disciple, secret admirer of Christian courage, friend of Alexander, the poem's main person; as a messianic fighter in Judea; and finally as an advocate of interreligious solidarity. "Quidam" is a "przypowieść", a "para-novel" with a ruined narrative time structure, and a "parable" which answers strangely to Chateaubriand's demand for Christianity epics, forming an allegory also of modern civilisation, police state, public opinion, modern conflictual cultural and religious pluralism, modern individualism, scepticism and altruism.


In 1988 six men were referred to St Paul's Eye Hospital after the onset of acutely painful, red eyes while at work at a local sausage casing factory. These patients prepared sheep intestine for sausage skin manufacture. Ocular examination showed bilateral blepharospasm, photophobia and lacrimation, intense conjunctival injection, and superficial punctate corneal erosions. There were no other abnormal ocular findings and results of systemic examination were normal. Treatment was with chloramphenicol eye ointment. All patients were reviewed within 24 hours ofpresentation. In all cases the symptoms had resolved and slit lamp biomicroscopy showed resolution of the superficial punctate corneal erosions. On further questioning, none of the patients had been able to work until his symptoms had resolved; this interval ranged from 12 to 24 hours.


We study $F$ coupled $q$-state Potts models in a two-dimensional square lattice. The interaction between the different layers is attractive, to favour a simultaneous alignment in all of them. The nature of the phase transition for zero field is numerically determined for $F=2,3$. Using the Lee-Kosterlitz method, we find that it is continuous for $q=2$, whereas it is abrupt for $q>2$. When a continuous phase transition takes place, we also analyze the properties of the geometrical clusters. This allows us to determine the fractal dimension $D$ of the incipient infinite cluster and to corroborate the nature of the phase transition via finite-size scaling and data collapse. A mean-field approximation of the model, from which some general trends can be determined, is presented too. Finally, since this lattice model has been recently considered as a thermodynamic counterpart of the Axelrod model of social dynamics, we discuss our results in connection with this one.


A plasma neutralization efficiency of high-energy negative ion beams was measured in a practical neutralizer with substantial dimensions and compared with a gas neutralization efficiency for fusion application. Hydrogen negative ion beams of 200 keV, 4 mA were neutralized with hydrogen and argon arc plasmas in the plasma neutralizer of 2 m in length and 0.6 m in diameter. To clarify the difference between the plasma and the gas neutralizations, the high-density plasmas were produced at low operating pressure. By means of ∼30 G transverse magnetic fields that were applied locally at openings for beam path, leakage of the primary electrons to the outside of the neutralizer was suppressed sufficiently. The plasma densities were 1011–1012 cm−3 at low operating pressures of 0.002–0.05 Pa for both plasmas while an arc power was ∼40 kW. Neutralization efficiency was increased by using plasmas whose ionization degree was 10%–15%. The maximum neutralization efficiency for hydrogen plasma increased from 55% of the ...


Is visual perception "rich" or "sparse?" One finding supporting the "rich" hypothesis shows that a specific visual summary representation, color variability, is represented "cost-free" outside focally-attended regions in dual-task paradigms (Bronfman et al. 2014). Here, we investigated whether this "cost-free" phenomenon for color variability perception extends to peripheral vision. We performed three experiments: in our first experiment, we replicated previous findings and verified that color variability is represented "cost-free" in central vision. In our second experiment, we extended the paradigm to peripheral vision and found that in minimally-attended regions of space, color variability perception was impaired. In a third and final experiment, we added confidence judgments to our task, and found that participants maintained high levels of metacognitive awareness of impaired performance in minimally-attended regions of space. These findings provide evidence which challenges common conceptions on both sides of the rich vs. sparse debate.


This paper presents a new method for identifying the distinct mechanisms (DMs) from a given kinematic chain (KC). The KCs are represented in the form of the weighted physical connectivity matrix (WPCM). Two structural invariants derived from the characteristic polynomials of the WPCM of the KC are the sum of absolute characteristic polynomial coefficients (∑WPCM) and the maximum absolute value of the characteristic polynomial coefficient (MWPCM). They have been used as the composite identification number of a KC and mechanism. This is capable of detecting DMs in all types of simple jointed planar KCs up to ten links having the same or different kinematic pairs (KPs). The proposed method has been tested successfully in identifying all the DMs derived from the family of single degree of freedom (dof) KCs up to ten links. Also, it does not require any test for isomorphism separately. This study will help the designer to select the best KC and mechanisms to perform the specified task at the conceptual stage of design.


MicroDNAs are a type of extrachromosomal circular DNAs found both in cell nuclei and as cell-free circulating DNA, with links to cancer and genetic mosaicism. Research suggests that microDNAs originate from chromosomal DNA. To better understand the evolutionary role of microDNAs, it is of interest to determine if and how they interact with the chromosomal DNA. In particular, do microDNAs re-integrate back into the chromosomal genome? Given their circular form, if they do, this will lead to a specific form of repeat in the genome, which we term circular repeat. Due to the presence of mutations, these repeats are expected to be approximate. Motivated by this question, we develop an efficient ab initio algorithm for finding approximate circular repeats in a given genome. The algorithm consists of two main components. First, it performs a two-stage search to locate candidate circular repeat patterns by identifying their substrings. Second, it checks the validity of each candidate by inspecting the flanking sequences of the substrings. By applying our method to human genome chromosomes 21, 22, and Y, we find hundreds of approximate circular repeats. Our simulation shows that the patterns found are unlikely to be purely the result of inherent repetitive structure of the genome, thus suggesting that microDNAs reintegrate back into the genome.


This article investigates the manner in which the French press of the late eighteenth century treated the suicides of Grub Street writers. The main argument is that the secularisation of suicide allowed for new attitudes toward self-inflicted death. One finds that the underground press callously mocked the suicides of hack writers. Secondarily, the article challenges the notion that suicide became 'medicalised' in the eighteenth century, and that contemporaries viewed it solely as an act of insanity.


Based on many years of teaching,the frame- based teaching method and case- based teaching method were applied in biochemistry teaching of undergraduate,which was summarized as frame- case- based teaching method. Biochemistry can be easier to remember and understand by the students and the effect of teaching of biochemistry can be improved.


Incidents driven by cultural or religious intolerance are shocking and can lead to apprehensiveness in the communities in which they occur. How can we foster greater understanding in our young children?


ALTHOUGH Robert Frost's poetic position seems as secure as that of any contemporary poet, the philosophical point of view consistently expressed in all of his poetry has never been adequately set against the thought currents of the past and of our day. Critics of the poet tend admiringly to see him as the voice of New England,1 the plain man speaking simply of homely things,2 or the voice of common sense ;3 or, disapprovingly, they charge that he is not really contemporary, since he does not deal with science and machine civilization, or with the problems arising out of these two determining factors of our age, but with country folk, birds, flowers, and snowstorms.4 Others, the Neo-Humanists, come closer to understanding his thought when they praise him for having the perspicuity to see the rightness of their position and the virtue to associate himself with it.5 But Mr. Frost says that he is not a Neo-


Authors : Aisha M. Memon, Arabella Bhutto, Zahid A. Memon, Adnan Pitafi Abstract : This study aims to identify the existing and non-existing elements in the entrepreneurial ecosystem which include finance, institutions, laws and regulations, human capital, culture, and markets, to measure the level of effectiveness of existing elements and to develop recommendations for improving the ecosystem to facilitate the women entrepreneurs in Jamshoro, Pakistan. The nature of this study is qualitative. Data were drawn from 25 in-depth, semi-structured interviews and a focus group discussion with women entrepreneurs in rural Jamshoro, Pakistan. The findings show the lack of awareness and knowledge among women entrepreneurs about available financial resources, lack of knowledge about laws, an absence of familial and societal support for women in accessing the entrepreneurial ecosystem, the absence of business and innovation enablers in rural areas, communication gaps, and unskilled human capital. The study found that institutions like non-for-profit organizations are playing an active role in the growth of women entrepreneurs. The existing entrepreneurial ecosystem in Jamshoro can be improved through culturally sensitive coordinated approach, interventions aimed at increasing awareness about the resources, promoting an understanding about the laws and regulations, making business enablers more effective, establishing public-private partnerships, and providing the women entrepreneurs easy access to market and financial resources.


This study uses a quantitative research. The aim to produce a product. The study consisted of three stages, namely: 1. Reconnaissance 2. 3. Procurement model development product. Questionnaire data were analyzed using simple statistics and interviews were analyzed with descriptive quantitative techniques. Children begin to recognize verbal communication with their environment called the children's language pemerolahan. The first language acquisition occurs when the child who from the beginning without language has now gained one language. At the time of child language acquisition, the child is more directed at the communications functions of the form language.In the field of sistaksis, children begin speaking by uttering a single word. This word for children is actually full sentences, but because he has not been able to say more than one word, he only took one word of the whole sentence.Learning module is needed to assist the student in the learning process diperkuliahan, learning modules for students are good, but need further improvements in order to improve this module book. Based on the research that learning modules for students can improve student learning.


There are four ways of doing code in Matlab. One can directly enter code in a terminal window. This amounts to using Matlabas a kind of calculator, and it is good for simple, low-level work. The second method is to create a script M-file. Here, one makes a file with the same code one would enter in a terminal window. When the file is " run " , the script is carried out. The third method is the function M-file. This method actually creates a function, with inputs and outputs. The fourth method will not be discussed here. It is a way to incorporate C code or FORTRAN code into Matlab; this method uses .mex files. We will not disucss it here. One can type the code in the Matlab terminal window. For example, if we wish to plot x sin(3x 2)e −x 2 /4 in the range [−π, π], we could type the following in the terminal window.


This research based on the limitation of primary school students in their mastery of the material handling procedures guset laundry a result of the use of media which still need innovation, so it needs he made media that are amenable to teaching material. This study aims to create multimedia learning that could help students in mastering foreign terms in the material handling procedures guest laundry. Methods used research and development, with a model ADDIE was, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. the participants in this study consisting of the people of the media and material laundry. An instrument used in this research was interview guidelines, observation guidelines and formats of expert judgement. findings the result of the research based on interview and observation shows the lack of means of learning which he can be quite handling guest of the procedure in their experiences using the term of the activities of many foreign speak English. Design stage starts from the preparation of the multimedia identity learning bilingual, the manufacture of synopsis, treatment and storyboard. the production process done based of design have been made. The results of expert judgement done by media expert and the matter laundry obtained that multimedia learning bilingual that have been made be in the reasonable used a supporting media learning. Recommendations that can be communicated from the result of this research, it is expected that educator can use multimedia learning as media innovation, researchers can be sanctioned for next pursue multimedia learning related to the learning bilingual as a medium learning handling procedures guest laundry.


The design of conventional process plants is guided by the idea of structuring the process in functional units. Because of cost reduction this design is often neglected during the implementation phase. There is a huge potential in the re-modularization looking at the re-usability which directly effects the engineering efficiency when developing new plants. Furthermore, there is the possibility to create modularized KPIs. Those can be aggregated to plant-wide KPIs to evaluate the overall plant performance and status. In this paper the authors are presenting a concept for the detection of virtual modules in existing plant topologies. The plant topology is therefore transformed into a searchable graph. With the help of extended search algorithms and the definition of functional patterns it is now possible to identify all possible virtual module within a plant topology. Through a prototypical implementation, visualizing the identified modules in the graph, a proof of concept is shown.


The population of the Perth-Bunbury region in Western Australia is 1.1 million and is predicted to increase to 3.1 million by 2050. At present about 40% of the Perth's water supply comes from surface water resources. Due to belowaverage rainfall for several decades, streamflow to reservoirs supplying the Perth metropolitan area has declined more than 40%. General Circulation Models (GCMs) predict that rainfall in this region is likely to decrease further due to projected climate change. The availability of water resources may diminish further and pose a significant threat to water supply, environment and biodiversity.


Objective To analyze the acute stroke with multiple organ failure(MOF) of clinical prognosis.Methods Retrospective analysis of 350 cases of clinical data of patients with acute stroke,according to MOF's diagnostic criteria,divided into MOF group and non-MOF group,each group of total mortality and the incidence of MOF and the sub-groups mortality with the different number of failing organs,and the different types of stroke patients with multiple organ failure mortality,and compare the sequence of organ involvement.Results MOF group of 64 cases,51 cases of death,mortality rate was 79.69%(51/64),286 cases of non-MOF group,a total of 12 patients died,mortality rate was 4.19%(12/286),mortality differences between the two groups statistically significant(χ2=201.92,P0.01).MOF rate was 18.29%(64/350),14 cases of the two organ failure and death in 8 cases(57.14%),three organ failure in 30 cases,24 died(80%),four organ failure 12 cases,11 died(91.67%),five organ failure in six cases and six-organ failure in 2 cases the final of all deaths(100%).Cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction complicated by multiple organ failure and mortality were 83.33%(40/48) and 57.14%(8/14),the difference was statistically significant(χ2=4.25,P0.05).Order of organ involvement of brain,lung,heart,stomach kidney,liver.Conclusion MOF in acute stroke patients with poor prognosis and organ failure,the more the number of the higher mortality,but close monitoring,active treatment can improve the prognosis.


Raman scattering has become a powerful method in analytic spectroscopy and label-free imaging to study the chemical composition of a sample. Especially coherent Raman scattering (CRS) techniques such as stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) are developed further and show a great potential, due to their amplified signal in comparison to spontaneous Raman scattering. In CRS the interaction of light pulses with molecular vibrations are investigated, typically resulting in a characteristic molecular spectrum. However, especially CARS spectra are effected by the non-resonant contribution to the Raman scattering signal, resulting in a non-specific background and a distortion of the lineshape. SRS is free of a non-resonant background but is affected by two-photon absorption, cross-phase modulation (XPM) [1], and thermal scattering (temperature-induced refractive index change) [2]. The resulting artefacts in SRS become relevant for high pulses energies and ultra-short pulses. One example, where high pulse energies and ultra-short pulses are needed, is the field of spatial resolution enhancement in CRS. All techniques to overcome the diffraction limit by Abbe are based on depleting one of the scattering resources, as for example the pump or probe photons [3]. High pulse energies in the order of up to 200–300 nJ are needed, leading to also unwanted spectral distortions through XPM [4].


PurposeThe study aims to develop and test a supply chain wide green product development framework of focal firms and their major suppliers, in the context of the Chinese automotive industry.Design/methodology/approachAn in-depth case studies approach is adopted for this study. Three automotive sector upstream supply chains involving 17 firms and 51 experts as respondents were interviewed on the importance and implementation effectiveness of 6Rs (reduce, redesign, recover, remanufacture, reuse and recycle) across the manufacturer and their respective tier 1 and tier 2 suppliers.FindingsThe results indicate that the Chinese automotive sector supply chains are mainly focused on "reduce" practices with immediate environmental and economic benefits. The investigated firms however had future implementation plans for "redesign" and "recovery" practices to become comprehensive in green product development (GPD).Research limitations/implicationsThe study facilitates automotive firms, industry policymakers and researchers the understanding of incorporating comprehensive GSCM practices across the upstream supply chain to achieve circularity. The study focused on upstream supply chain due to the concentration of major production practices in this section of the supply chain. However, the downstream supply chain equally deserve attention as well as the need to understand the mediating and moderating roles of the different Rs to tease out the pros and cons of achieving overall environmental sustainability.Originality/valueThere are very limited studies on comprehensive GPD for achieving optimal GSCM and sustainability. By simultaneous looking at a focal firm and its upstream supply chains GSCM practices, this study addresses a system-wide comprehensive GPD issues from implementation of 6Rs perspectives in the supply chain.


CCD B and V observations of 16 low-surface-brightness galaxies and HI data for a subsample of 4 of them are presented. Both paired and isolated dwarf galaxies are observed to study possible environmental eects on their characteristics. Most of the observed galaxies are true dwarfs with 8.0 MB 16.0, blue colours (0.16 B V 0.76) and low central surface brightnesses 22.2 B 24.0 mag arcsec 2 . Most of them show exponential light proles with a central light depression. About half of them have bright generally blue knots or peculiar loops.


The general goal of semantic question answering systems is to provide correct answers to natural language queries, given a number of structured datasets. The increasing broad deployment of question answering (QA) systems in everyday life requires a comparable and reliable rating of how well QA systems perform and how scalable they are. In order to achieve this, we developed a massive dataset of more than 2 million natural language questions and their SPARQL queries for the DBpedia dataset. We combined natural language processing and linked open data to automatically generate this large amount of valid question-query pairs. Our aim is to assist the benchmarking or scoring of QA systems in terms of answering questions in a range of languages, retrieving answers from heterogeneous sources or answering massive amounts of questions within a limited time. This dataset represents an ideal choice for stress-testing systems' scalability, speed and correctness. As such it has already been included into the Large-scale QA task of the Question Answering Over Linked Data (QALD) Challenge and the HOBBIT project Question Answering Benchmark.


Center for Outcome Analysis Abstract: Class action litigation resulted in the closing of Hissom Memorial Center in Oklahoma. Most of the members of the plaintiff class were placed in community based homes and guaranteed a certain level of services. Services provided to these class members were compared with services provided to persons who were not in the plaintiff class. It was found that members of the plaintiff class received more hours of service per month, experienced a stronger staffing ratio, participated more in community integration activities, and received a greater share of the mental retardation dollar. These differences withstood statistically equating adaptive behavior ratings and limiting the analysis to persons with profound mental retardation. Results are discussed in terms of impact on the national waiting list problem.


BashfordDean in his Monograph on the Chimaeroid Fishes (1906), describing the North Pacific species Chimaera colliei, states that it is omnivorous and that the "broken shells of mollusks are commonly found, as well as fragments of good sized crustaceans, as indeed the scanty literature records." He further states that "in the gut of C. monstrosa Faber finds crustacean and shell-fish fragments; Monticelli, quoting Lütken, Cyprina islandica;hellips; Olsson finds also (and his observations are the most detailed hitherto published on the feeding of Chimaera) chætopods, amphipods, echinoids and polyps." The following is an account of the gut contents of several specimens of Chimaera monstrosa which the authors were fortunate enough to obtain recently. The specimens which were taken from the Atlantic Ocean sixty miles N.W. of Black Eock (Lat. 54° N., Long. 12° W.) at a depth of 220 to 250 fathoms, were preserved in dilute formalin. The actual examination of the gut contents was carried out as follows. The œsophagus and rectum were ligatured, and that part of the gut lying between the two ligatures was removed and placed in a dish of dilute formalin. The gut was then opened by a longitudinal incision, and its contents carefully transferred to the dish where they were subsequently examined by means of a binocular microscope. The food fragments were then provisionally classified, care being taken not to separate such parts as may have belonged to the same organism during life.


Steam Generator (SG) is one of the main components of the power cycle in pressurized water reactor (PWR), and it is the hub of primary coolant circuit and secondary circuit, so the thermal hydraulic analysis of the SG is crucial in the system design and safety analysis of the PWR. The horizontal steam generator (HSG) is one of the main types SG in the PWR nuclear power plant (NPP), and its advantages are that it has more secondary side water capacity and good safety and reliability. The VVER-1000 is a PWR with a thermal power of 3000 MW, and has four HSGs for four loops. The RELAP5 has been used to model the VVER-1000's HSG and performs the analysis described in this paper. The HSG tube bundle is modeled by three horizontal channels, and the steam control volumes above the heat transfer tube bundle are modeled with three volumes. The steam space is modeled as a steam separator and the steam reception shield is the dryer. The HSG secondary side downcomers are represented with a separate component to provide the power of the natural circulation. To verify the accuracy of the model, three different typical conditions are simulated. The simulation results show that the model built in this paper can correctly simulate the operation of the HSG in VVER-1000.


From the status of bilingual teaching in China's college,this thesis analyzes the reasons why the student's learning interest is not strong: difficulties in understanding the course content,poor sense of self-restraint,poor environmental adaptability and so on.From the angle of student management,it explores the methods of improving the college student's interest in bilingnal teaching includings aspects: master the level of the student to set the bilingual teaching content,to achieve placement management,to develop the student's interest in learning at the beginning of the entrance education of peshman,enhance the student to self-discipline and to adapt.


1 MD Medicine, Senior Resident, Department of Cardiology at IGMC Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India 2 MD Radio-diagnosis, Consultant, Radiologist at Sri Ram Hospital, New Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India ABSTRACT Rasmussen's encephalitis, also known as chronic focal encephalitis (CFE), is a rare inflammatory neurological disease, characterized by frequent and severe seizures, loss of motorskills and speech, hemiparesis (paralysis on one side of the body), encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and dementia. The illness affects a single cerebral hemisphere and generally occurs in children under the age of 10. Advances in neuroimaging suggest that progression of the inflammatory process is seen and MRI might be a good biomarker in Rasmussen's encephalitis. Cerebral hemi-spherectomy remains the only cure for seizures, but there are inevitable functional compromises. Decisions of whether or when surgery should be undertaken are challenging in the absence of a dense neurological deficit, and vary by institutional experience. Further, the optimum time for surgery, to give the best language and cognitive outcome, is not yet well understood. Immuno-modulatory treatments seem to slow rather than halt disease progression in Rasmussen's encephalitis, without changing the eventual outcome.


In order to design a fully functional manufactured component the designer needs a deep understanding of the materials behavior, which includes not only its in-service performance but also the effect of the processing routine [...]


Very often the track pins of heavy-loaded track-type machines have insufficient fatigue safety margin, which causes their frequent breakage. One of the most rational solutions of the problem is the use of the high-temperature thermomechanical treatment of hot-rolled tubular billets for track pins. The analysis of the investigation results and engineering developments shows the possibility of improving the performance characteristic of hollow items (shafts, axis pins, track pins for a caterpillar mover, torsion suspensions of an undercarriage, etc.) by combining the thermomechanical treatment strengthening, various methods for improving the quality of the surface of tubular billets and the application of developed technological schemes in the factories producing tubular billets and items with diameter of O 10 ÷ 60 mm and the parameters of safety margin, precision and roughness required for the durability of the items.


Various polycrystalline samples of Al-doped garnet-like Li7La3Zr2O12 crystallizing with cubic symmetry were synthesized from the binary oxides Li2O, ZrO2, Al2O3, and La2O3. The synthesis of phase pure samples was carried out following a two-step preparation route. It consists of an activation step by high-energy ball milling and a subsequent annealing step at elevated temperatures. The synthesis route chosen allows the precise adjustment of the cationic ratios, leading to a garnet which is best described by the formula Li7–3x+zAlx+y+zLa3–yZr2–zO12. As confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction and 27Al magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), at low Al concentrations the incorporated Al3+ ions act as an aliovalent dopant by replacing three Li+ ions. However, with increasing Al content, La3+ and Zr4+ ions are progressively replaced by Al ions. It turned out that, in particular, the substitution of La3+ and Zr4+ with Al3+ ions stabilizes the cubic modification of the garnet and greatly affects the ...


The definition of value adopted by the current service perspective on marketing theory is value as value-in-use. Surprisingly, however, little attention has been given to the question of what constitutes value-in-use for customers in service contexts? Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide an empirical account of value-in-use from service customers' point of view.,To capture and analyze customers' experiences of value-in-use in the typical service context of retail banking, this study employed a narrative-based critical incident technique (CIT) and a graphical tool called the value chart.,The study identified seven empirical dimensions of positive and negative value-in-use: solution, attitude, convenience, expertise, speed of service, flexibility and monetary costs. Interestingly, these value-in-use dimensions overlap considerably with previously identified dimensions of service quality.,The concepts of service quality and value-in-use in service contexts seem to represent the same empirical phenomenon despite their different theoretical traditions. Measuring customer-perceived service quality might therefore be a good proxy for assessing value-in-use in service contexts.,As the findings indicate that service quality is the way in which service customers experience value-in-use, service managers are recommended to focus on continuous quality management to facilitate the creation of value-in-use.,This study is the first to explicitly raise the notion that in the minds of service customers, value defined as value-in-use and service quality may represent the same empirical phenomenon.


for at present, our knowledge of the treatment of this disease is most crude and unsatisfactory. Such an association would be the means of companionship to the patients themselves, would lighten the burden of their life, and with proper regimen and judicious. treatment might open a way to the discovery of a cure. My friend Professor Boeck, of Christiania, after yeas of laborious study of leprosy, still entertains the hope that a cure may yet be found. Such a hope would stimulate our exertions to discover it, while we should be performing a simple duty to those for whom the operation of such a duty is an undoubted right. While pondering in my mind the question-" What shall we do with our lepers?" it came to my knowledge that an ancient lazar-house, the hospital of St. lawrence of Ponteboy, at Bodmin, in Cornwall, had left behind it revenues, which were transferred in 1810 to the Cornwall County Infirmary, at Truro, for the uses of the Infirmary, but with the condition that the infirmary should receive such lepers into the institution as might make application for relief. It was not long after my acquaintance with this fact that the friends of Case 6, put the question to me :-What can be done with the poor boy? I mentioned the circumstances that I had learnt with regard to the County Infirmary at Truro, and on July 7th, 1866, I made a formal application to the governors of that institution to receive a leprous patient into their wards; to revive the benefits of the, waient institution from which they drew all that ramnmned of its ancient revenues. My application is too recent to enable me to state the result, but I may s that that request was favourably reeeived by the medical officer to whom it was addressed, and has beena laid before the Committee for consideration. Cases of elephantissis are not adapted to general hopia . The average duration of the disease is twenty years; therefore they require the application of means of relief such as are provided in lunatic asylumns ad in hopitals for incurahes, but, mevertWeEs, with the hope that a cure may yet be discovered; while the best aid to that discovery will be the assemblage of patients suffering from the disease under the observation of intelligent medical men. No greater impediment, it appears to me, could be thrown in the wary of the treatment of leprosy than iti sporadic distribution amongst our general hospitals, or the wandering of the patient from medical man to medical man in private practice. Caes 2 and 8 are examples of the truth of this observai;on-. For many -months I treated these young men gratuitously. I received them every week; but they grew weary of treatment, probably because they could perceive no change for the better in their symptozs; probably because, from the nature of the isease, theJ grew worse; paps they had friends, those mar8V4ous beigs of whom Shakespeare exclaims:-" Save me from my friends." These friends are always amateur doctors or learned advisers, And they .posiblwy have advised some new phyaeisn, some different plan. Be it as it may; private treatment, unless the patient have guardians and a home, is certain of failure and disappointment, and another reason i presented for reverting to my original proposition; that it is necessary that something should be done for our lepers, and that that something should take the shape of a lazax-house or of an asylusm.


globe are more and more concerned about social developmenfi, and about raising the standard of living of the common man. The concept of social development has two ingredients inherent in its structure viz. the use of planning technology and the inter-disciplinary character of tools. The difference between mere change, growth and development is marked by the instruments used such as planning, po-licy formulation and development of indicators.


Urinary incontinence after stroke is more common, and it was reported abroad that its incidence was 27% - 58%. It is associated with sex, severity of disease, course of disease, aphasia, apraxia, and unilateral neglect. The stroke patients with urinary incontinence are associated with unfavorable prognosis. The levels of their life satisfaction and social participation will decrease, and their cost will also increase.The article also discusses the pathogenesis of urinary incontinence and various therapeutic approaches. There is no consensus about the classification of urinary incontinence after stroke now, and it also lacks feasible therapeutic approaches. It is worthwhile for health care personnel to explore further.

Key words:
urinary incontinence; stroke


A one-dimensional model of H{sub 2} is used to examine the nonlinear behavior of a pair of electrons in the presence of intense laser fields and fixed nuclei. We present ionization rates of H{sub 2} at different frequencies and intensities of short intense electromagnetic pulses by solving exactly the time-dependent Schr{umlt o}dinger equation for the above system as a function of internuclear distance. Anomalously high ionization rates are found at large critical internuclear separations, akin to similar results found previously in the one-electron molecule {ital H}{sub 2}{sup +}. Independent one-electron and simultaneous two-electron ionizations are identified from the numerical simulations to occur at different intensities and frequencies. Field-induced barrier suppression models are shown to explain qualitatively the numerical results. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


How do Asian college students keep track of and interact with news on their phone? Using data from the two waves of surveys, this chapter examines the behavior and patterns of engagement with mobile news by virtue of following and sharing. It also explores the differences in news engagement attributed to demographics, motivation, and city of residence. Findings show that following and sharing mobile news are prevalent, especially in the 4G era, making consuming news on the smartphone different from that of traditional news media. The chapter concludes that engagement with mobile news results from both user motivation and the empowering tools afforded by the Internet-enabled smartphone.


The existing Quantum Optics- based models of negative refractive index in atomic-vapor medium (e.g. Ne, Na) require unrealistically strong magnetic response of atoms combined with high atomic density. In contrast to these gas-based models, our approach explores solid-state n-type semiconductor with well-defined hydrogen-like donor atomic states within the band gap. Based on methods of Quantum Optics, we have found that optically transparent indium oxide is negative refractive index material if doped with tin and zinc (In2-x Snx/2 Znx/2 O3 (zinc-doped ITO)). The desirable negative refractive index effect is due to coherent coupling an electric dipole transition with magnetic transition with proper detunings of the probe and support laser beams (A.-G. Kussow and A. Akyurtlu, Int. J. Mod. Physics (2010)). The calculations demonstrate the feasibility of the effect at ~ 10 THz with extremely high figure of merit FOM >> 10.


The purpose of this article is to show the influence on judicial decisions of the approach to disability embedded in the person's mentality. A brief introduction to the different paradigms of disability is previously provided, distinguishing mainly between the medical and the social model, and noting that the latter has been incorporated by the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The analysis of two recent decisions of the Spanish Supreme Court illustrates the influence of the different models of disability on legal judgements. Finally, some conclusions from this analysis are suggested, which can mark a path for future research.


A liquid culture method for the production of deoxynivalenol and related compounds by Fusarium graminearum was developed. Major factors which stimulate the biosynthesis of these compounds include reduced oxygen levels, depletion of carbohydrate in the medium, pH, and possibly a low concentration of an organic nitrogen source. Isolates of F. graminearum were tested for the yields of four trichothecene mycotoxins and zearalenone in this system. The time course of acetyl deoxynivalenol, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone in the fermentation was measured over a 21-day period against pH, glucose concentration, protein, fungal biomass, and ergosterol. A new ester of deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, is reported from North American isolates of F. graminearum.


Baseline temperature 23-2°C Initial temperature 20 50C Temperature at 7 min 21 °OC Latent period >8 min Maximum rewarming time 0 20C/min The circulation of the extremities can be regulated by temperature-for example, exposure to cold in a normal person will cause vasoconstriction and a decrease in blood flow to the skin. Abnormalities of this apparently simple response have been of interest since Maurice Raynaud described the syndrome that bears his name in 1862. He attributed the clinical signs that he observed to overactivity ofthe sympathetic nervous system, and so began a series of controversies that persist today.


This study aims to determine SMART ASN Towards 4.0 in the Apparatus of Sitinjau Laut District, Kerinci. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method with in-depth interview approach using interview guidelines with the problem under study and documentation. From the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that to determine the quality of SMART ASN Towards 4.0 at the Sitinjau Laut District Office at this time, researchers used six dimensions of quality SMART ASN Towards 4.0, namely Recruitment of Prospective Civil Servants (CPNS) using Computer Assisted Test (CAT), Development career patterns, competency development, career development, promotion through open selection, and succession plans in creating SMART ASN Towards 4.0 at the Sitinjau Laut sub-district office. Government tasks are carried out in the context of carrying out general government functions which include the empowerment of institutions, personnel, and administration. Meanwhile, certain development tasks are carried out through economic and social development aimed at increasing the welfare and prosperity of the entire community.


This paper presents a tool, namely Multi-Language Information Searching (MLIS), for a meaning-oriented search. MLIS allows users to access the right information and provides the search results with knowledge from different cultures and languages. MLIS takes advantage of agent technology as well as web services to enhance the quality of existing search engines in terms of accessibility, usability and flexibility. Their are several advantages in using MLIS, including: MLIS simultaneously performs in different languages translation and search activities as background processes hidden from users; it provides a friendly graphical user interface that instantly displays the search results in separated tabs, categorizing them according to languages chosen by users; it is proposed with a flexible architecture to automatically create multiple web-service agents based on users' preferences; it is service-independent and can integrate, for the same session, several web services from different service providers.


The photoprotection afforded by three sunscreens available by prescription in the U.K. has been studied in patients with severe broad action‐spectrum photosensitivity. All products investigated exhibited high protection against UV‐B radiation in accordance with the protection factors quoted by the respective manufacturers. On the other hand, the protection against UV‐A ranged only from fair to poor. The need for a sunscreen which has good protection against UV‐A is shown to be important for the satisfactory management of patients with severe broad action spectrum photosensitivity.


A book review on: Virgilio G. Enriquez. 1990. FROM COLONIAL TO LIBERATION PSYCHOLOGY: THE PHILIPPINE EXPERIENCE. Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. 169 pages.


Objective To summarize our experience on anesthetic management for liver transplantation in pigs with use of donor abdominal aorta for hepatic artery reconstruction.Methods Ten healthy Bama mini-pigs of Guangxi were randomly divided into donor group(n=5) and recipient group(n=5).All animals were accepted endotracheal intubation and intraveneous general anesthesia.The donors received liver resection,while the recipients received classic piggyback liver transplantation after Swan-Ganz catheters were inserted.The end-to-side anastomosis was made for hepatic artery reconstruction between the donors′ abdominal aorta and the recipients′ abdominal aorta.Heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),central venous pressure(CVP),pulmonary arterial pressure(PAP),pulmonary artery wedge pressure(PCWP),cardiac output(CO),blood pH values(pH),partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood(PaCO_2),partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood(PaO_2),base excess(BE),serum sodium level(Na~+),serum potassium level(K~+),serum calcium level(Ca~2+),hematocrit(Hct) and hemoglobin(Hb) were detected at six time points:5 minutes before operation(T_0),30 minutes of anhepatic phase(T_1),30 minutes of hepato-reperfusion phase(T_2),10 minutes after hepatic artery reconstruction(T_3),the end of operation(T_4),1 hour after operation(T_5).Results The model of liver transplantation in Bama mini-pigs with use of donor abdominal aorta for hepatic artery reconstruction was successfully established and none of the recipients was dead during experiment,the success rate was 100%.The operation time was 291.6±52.3 min,the anhepatic phase time was 34.2±13.7 min,the infrahepatic vena cava anastomosis time was 20.3±11.9 min,the portal vein anastomosis time was 14.2±9.5 min,the time of hepatic artery reconstruction was 16.4±8.8 min,the amount of blood loss was 83.8±37.3 ml.There were significant differences in the detected indices among different time points(all P0.01).Conclusion There are significant changes in hemodynamics,blood gases,acid-base and electrolyte during liver transplantation in pigs with use of donor abdominal aorta for hepatic artery reconstruction.Supervision should be strengthened in anesthetic management during the operation,and the appropriate prevention and treatment measures should be taken out based on the pathophysiological changes in different stages.


Attribute-based access control (ABAC) needs a large number of policies to function by using attributes of visitors, resources, environmental conditions, etc. Efficient policy administration is vital for implementation of ABAC models. In this paper, an ontology-based approach is proposed to build up an ABAC model, which is named as an ontology-based ABAC model, OABACM. Underlying relationships among things such as attributes hierarchies in OABACM are identified and described in OABACM, which if treated improperly can directly lead to problems in policy administration. In addition, policy representation and reasoning mechanism are discussed within OABACM and inherent logical properties of this model are formalised in rules. With proper reasoners, these properties can be utilised to logically improve access policy administration by reducing policy redundancy and detecting policy conflicts. In experiments, a sample ontology is created and several enterprise access examples are tested upon OABACM, which validates the effects of our model on policy administration.


Japanese folding fans were born during the Heian Period (794–1185) and have been used in every situation. Many Japanese fans are used widely at present as a portable fan, a tool of Japanese dance and tea ceremony. The making of folding fans in Japan has a history of 1,000 years or more and the production technology of the Japanese fan has been followed up until now. This research has aimed to clarify the characteristics of the traditional Japanese fan through the material of fan components, the fan-making process and the traditional production skill of a Japanese fan.


A method for producing a thick steel plate having superior strength and toughness in a mid-thickness region thereof is provided to manufacture the thick steel plate having more than 50mm of a thickness, more than 390MPa of yield strength, more than 510 MPa of toughness strength, and less than -50deg.c of a flexibility-brittle shock transition temperature. A method for producing a thick steel plate having superior strength and toughness in a mid-thickness region thereof includes the steps of: re-heating steel slab at 1000~1250deg.c, consisting of C: 0.06~0.1%, Si: 0.15~0.4%, Mn: 1.2~1.7%, P: less than 0.012%, S: less than 0.003%, B: 0.0002~0.0015%, Ti: 0.005~0.03%, Nb: 0.005~0.03%, sol. Al: 0.005~0.5%, N: less than 0.008%, Fe, and necessary impurities; finish-rolling the re-heated steel slab at a finish-rolling start temperature, Ar3±50deg.c with more than 40% of a reduction temperature; and cooling the steel slab at a cooling speed of 4~8deg.c/s and ending the cooling process at 450~550deg.c.


The paper considers existing qualitative indices of transport services. Indices for evaluation of qualitative operation indices of transport complex have been proposed in the paper. Special attention has been devoted to interaction and coordination of various types of transport as the highest level of qualitative operation of transport complexes. Operational coordination of transport facilities is considered as introduction of modern management, information and communication systems while using satellite navigation-information systems. The paper has studied the possibility to create a modern automated management system for transport complex at the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation that ensures an efficient organization of standardized information exchange between transport complex participants. The paper provides efficient solutions on transport problems that lead to planned improvements of objective indices with small expenses. A special focus has been given to development of transport systems in large cities with the purpose to reveal their impact on operation of the national transport complex. The paper considers conceptual moments pertaining to designing and realization of an intellectual management system and creation of complex conditions that ensure maximally efficient transport management on city territory. The main purpose of transport infrastructure modernization in accordance with its types is to create modern efficient transport facilities and equipment for provision of technological infrastructure required for the system of objects included in the transport infrastructure. The modernization strategy must be governed by national policy in the field of any transport and in accordance with international development tendencies in transport industry and transport construction. In this respect the transport infrastructure is the very first consumer of innovative high technologies that determine scientific-andtechnological advance and competitive ability of national economy.


This study investigates dynamics of the melt conveying process in a novel extruder in which a polymer experiences a primarily elongational deformation field. The working principle of the novel extruder is completely different from that of conventional screw extruders. At the last stage of polymer processing in the proposed novel extruder, melt is conveyed through feeding and discharging processes. Here we present a mathematical model to analyze dynamics in the melt conveying process. Melt extrusion is primarily influenced by the position of vane chamber and the structural parameters of the novel extruder such as eccentricity.


low due to micro-Darcy formation permeability and rapid depletion of pore pressure near to the fractures and wellbore. Several enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques have been suggested to increase production efficiency in these reservoirs. Two examples promote injection of gas or carbon dioxide (CO2) in fractured wells, and either producing oil from adjacent wells or back producing the injected gas and reservoir fluids in the same wellbore after a suitable soaking period (huff & puff).


IN these cases further consideration was given to the principles established in Bex v. Lynch [1903] 1 K. B. 444, and Bex v. C. 0. 30th Batt. Middlesex Begt, Ex parte Freyberger [1917] 2 K. B. 129. A fund was vested in the plaintiffs in the former summons as trustees, to invest and pay the income to the defendant during his life or until he should become bankrupt or assign or charge it or " until some other event should happen . . . whereby the said income or any part thereof if belonging absolutely to him would become vested in or charged in favour of some other person or persons or a corporation " ; and, in the event of determination of this trust during the life of the defendant, to apply the income during the rest of his life, at their discretion, for the benefit of the defendant and certain other persons. The defendant was a natural-born British subject, but during the war he obtained a certificate of naturalization as a German. It was admitted that by German law he thereby became a German subject. By the Treaty of Peace, 1919, Article 297, and the Treaty of Peace Order, 1919, s. 1, cl. xvi., the property within His Majesty's Dominions belonging to " German nationals " at the date when the Treaty came into force—namely, January 10, 1920—was charged with certain payments, and by section 2 of the Order the expression " nationals " in relation to any State was to include for the purposes of the Order " the subjects or citizens of that State . . . according to the law of that State." Under these sections it was held by P. 0. Lawrence, J., that the defendant was, for the purposes of the Order, a German national, and that the income of the trust would accordingly have been subjected to a charge, if it had belonged to him absolutely. The trust in favour of the defendant was therefore determined on January 10, 1920, and the subsequent income was to be applied to the discretionary trust. This decision in no way conflicts with those in B. v. Lynch and Ex parte Freyberger. By English law a British subject cannot by naturalization or declaration of alienage divest himself of British nationality during a time of war and become solely a subject of an enemy State. By English law the defendant's act of naturalization was void and illegal, and he remained a British subject. The possession of British nationality does not, however, exempt anyone from liability under the Treaty of Peace Order; the only material factor for this purpose is whether a person is by German law a German subject, whatever other nationality he may possess.


This paper presents a generalization on the Complementizer-trace effect from the intonational perspective on the basis of a comparative investigation collecting phonetic data from English and Finnish, in both of which the C-t context is acceptable to some speakers but unacceptable to others, as well as from Italian, Finland-Swedish and Dutch, in which the presence of an overt complementizer is either optional (Ita.), preferable (Fin.-Swe.) or obligatory (Dut.). The generalization on the C-t effect based on the data from English and Finnish is as follows: in the pitch gesture of the speaker who shows the C-t effect, the pitch is reset on the overt complementizer and the final pitch accent occurs within the complementizer clause. This generalization applies to an individual speaker, not to an individual language; the more native speakers of a language it applies to, that language is more likely to show the C-t effect. It is thus argued that the generalization here accounts for why the acceptability of the C-t context differs between languages as well as between the native speakers of a language. The C-t effect is accounted for in terms of the conflict of the pitch level on the element following the overt complementizer, i.e., the pitch should lower but actually rises on it. Based on the comparative study between Italian, Finland-Swedish and Dutch, all of which do not show the C-t effect, the optionality, preference and obligatoriness of an overt complementizer is discussed. It is argued that in the phonological/intonational environment where the pitch is more difficult to lower, the insertion of an overt complementizer is more preferable, and that the inserted complementizer acts as keeping the pitch level and enables the pitch to lower smoothly. * This is an ongoing research for which phonetic data collection and the pitch analysis are being done. Thanks to Johan Brandtler for his very helpful comments to improve this paper. Special thanks to Anders Holmberg for his many invaluable comments and suggestions to this work, and also acting as one of the informants. Thanks to William van der Wurff, Geoffrey Poole and Martha Young-Scholten, among others, for giving me helpful judgments data and participating in the recording. Thanks also to Johan Rooryck and Gunlög Joseffson for letting me know important facts relevant to the issue here on Dutch and Swedish respectively. I also would like to thank the informants who participated in the recording carried out in Lund University, Newcastle University and Leiden University. I take all responsibility in dealing with data and the way of interpreting them, as well as any other errors.


The copper converters at Mount Isa are large cylindrical rotary furnaces which are subjected to severe erosion of the outer shell plate thus limiting their operating life to approximately ninety days. This shell erosion extends the mouth opening from 100 to approximately 130 of the shell circumference. The finite element method of stress analysis was used to calculate the shell stresses for several configurations, including the eroded condition.


The invention describes a method for accessing a portable memory media (10) having a controller (12) for managing a standardized storage element (14) and with an additional module (16), wherein in a first transmission protocol, a data block to the storage volume (10) is transmitted. The data block includes a routing information and application data, wherein the routing information includes an identifier of the controller (12) can be detected. Furthermore, it is determined whether a memory on the data carrier (10) of received data block contains routing information. The data block is forwarded to a terminal (50) buried storage area (18) of the storage element (14), when the data block indexed routing information and the routing information in addition to the contained identifier at least one further access to the buried storage area (18) includes predetermined parameters.


National region autonomy is the most superiority of the national area economy and social development,and it is the result combined Marxist national theory with Chinese practice by the Communist Party of China.This thesis elaborates the progress of our national region autonomy system from four aspects,which proves that the national region autonomy system is made the right choice from repeatedly trying out in practice and long term seeking by the Communist Party of China.


This research aims to select the optimum green energy sources for sustainable planning from a given set of alternatives. The study presents an integrated multi-criteria decision-making analysis—the entropy-technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS)—to evaluate the energy sources: coal, oil, gas, carbon capture; and storage: nuclear fission/power, large hydro, small hydro, wind, solar photovoltaic, concentrating solar, geothermal, and biomass. Information related to energy parameters are always imprecise; thus, to address the impreciseness of eliciting judgments in the preferences of criteria, the entropy method is used. TOPSIS method is then utilized to select the optimum sources. Results show that solar-photovoltaic is the optimum green energy source having the highest score value, and annual generation is the most prioritized criterion. Sensitivity analysis also demonstrates the robustness of the selection methodology.


that is used to treat pain in patients of osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid
arthritis (RA). The use of NSAIDs can cause gastrointestinal side effects, to
prevent that side effects, NSAIDs are prescribe with gastroprotective agent
(GPA). The goal of this study is to determine the factors that are considered in the GPA prescribing by the doctors in patients who have risk factors for gastric
disorder as a result of the use of NSAIDs. This study was an observational with cross sectional design. The methods to collect the data was an retrospective. The subjects were OA and RA (according to the hospital perspective) outpatient at RSUP Dr. Sardjito period January to December 2010, that comply the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data included patient characteristics (gender, age, occupation, payment method, the
primary diagnosis), prescribing of NSAID, prescribing of GPA, history of
gastrointestinal disease, prescribing of corticosteroids, prescribing of antiplatelet. The Data were processed and analyzed in a descriptive quantitative. Statistical analyzed methods using chi-square, logistic regression with 95% Confidence Interval. The results showed some association between the predictor factors (women, patient age >= 65 years, prescribing of oxicam, prescribing of diclofenac sodium, prescribing of NSAIDs > 1 type, prescribing of NSAID concomitant with corticosteroids, prescribing of NSAID concomitant with antiplatelet, patients with history of gastrointestinal, prescribing of NSAIDs with >=3 months duration) with prescribing of gastroprotective agent. Patient with history of gastrointestinal were the most predictor factors influential, with OR (odds ratio)=3.6 (95% CI: 2.79 - 4.66). Patients with history of gastrointestinal (dyspepsia) obtained the highest OR
{OR=4,29 (CI 95%: 3.23-5.7)}, which means when patients with history of
dyspepsia prescribed NSAIDs had greater risk of 4.29 times to get GPA
prescription than patients without a history of dyspepsia. Prescribing of NSAIDs > 1 DDD (defined daily dose) had p value = 0.777, which means there was no relationship between GPA prescription with NSAIDs > 1 DDD prescription.


Access selection in future multiple radio access environments is considered in this paper from a new perspective, that of the consumer. A model is proposed for the automatic acquisition of user preferences to assist in access selection decision making. The proposed approach uses a two-level Bayesian C-Metanetwork that models individual user preferences in terms of affordable cost, acceptable level of quality of service and reputation of the access networks. User preferences under different contexts, such as leisure and business, are also considered. The model also adapts to the change of user preferences over time. A simulator has been developed to evaluate the proposed model and the simulation results are promising in terms of the proportion of correct preference predictions after a small number of training samples.


Abstract : As now constituted, Gomphiluma consists of two species of small trees limited to the Brazilian Amazon. Formerly submerged in the large genus Pouteria, Gomphiluma was reinstated to generic status by Aubreville in 1961. The pale brown wood of moderate density is quite unlike that of Pouteria and appears more nearly allied with certain species of Micropholis. (Author)


The transmission of the force of gravity is accepted by the general physics community to be inexplicable in terms of the currently accepted atomic structure of the local environment here on Earth. Therefore there is something fundamentally wrong with this hypothetical structure. This brief introduction demonstrates that this force, and any other, can be transmitted through and by a continuous structure of atomic matter.


Once the province of film and media scholars, today the moving image concerns historians of art and architecture and designers of everything from websites to cities. As museums and galleries devote increasing space to video installations that no longer presuppose a fixed viewer, urban space becomes envisioned and planned through "fly-throughs," and technologies such as GPS add data to the experience of travel, images in motion have captured the attention of geographers and scholars across the humanities and social sciences. Mobility studies is remaking how we understand a contemporary world in relentless motion. Media theorist and historian Anne Friedberg (1952–2009) was among the first practitioners of visual studies to theorize the experience of mobile vision. Her books Window Shopping and The Virtual Window have become key points of reference in the discussion of the windows that frame images and the viewers in motion who perceive them. Although widely influential beyond her own discipline, Friedberg's work has never been the subject of an extended study. The Moving Eye gathers together essays by a renowned international group of thinkers in media studies, art history, architecture, and museum studies to consider the rich implications of her work for understanding film and video, new media, visual art, architecture, exhibition design, urban space, and virtual reality. These nine essays advance the lines of inquiry begun by Friedberg.


THE VALUE OF The Pleasures of Imagination to contemporary study of eighteenth-century culture cannot be justified by a recognition of its wit, subtlety or irony. In contrast to Pope or Swift, Akenside seems abstruse and sober. A study of Akenside's major poetic effort, published when he was only twenty-two, should concede these points. The question of justifying another study needs to be asked, however, if only because the consistency of previous judgments would indicate that what might be said of the work has been said and said again. In this essay I intend to demonstrate that nearly all previous readings seriously misconstrue Akenside, for, I believe, The Pleasures of Imagination is not a descriptive poem, not a discourse on the beauties of the universe. This is a topic tangential to the poem's main focus, yet the work has most often been judged in this regard. Natural description may be of minor importance to Akenside, but nature is not. Some may insist that to write about nature in poetry demands particularity and detail. But this demand has not always been made.


Summary The phenology of the emergence of brassica pod midge from overwintering sites and its subsequent infestation of winter oil-seed rape crops on a farm in southern England was studied over 3 years. Two generations occurred each year. The first generation of adults emerged from mid-May or early June until early July from overwintering cocoons in soil at sites where oil-seed rape had been grown in the previous year or years. Many females and a few males migrated to flowering winter rape crops where eggs were laid in the pods. Mature larvae dropped daily from the pods from early or mid-June until late July or early August, and formed cocoons in the soil. The second generation of adults emerged from late June until mid-July or early August to lay further eggs in the crop. Larvae from these eggs dropped to the soil to diapause within cocoons for up to 3 years.


In children with AD an abnormal absorption of macromolecules (mac) through the gut was observed. We challenged 6 children (11 mths. to 11 yrs. of age) affected by AD with in vivo and in vitro evidence of hypersensitivity to ovoalbumin (OA) and 4 to cow's milk (α-lactalbumin AL) . The children were challenged with the specific allergenic food, the challenge was repeated with the pretreatment of oral SCG (40 mg/kg). The detection of mac. (OA, AL) in circulation was performed in solid phase (Paganelli et al.).Results:1) All the patients had skin and gut symptoms on the 1st occasion. Pretreatment with SCG prevented the occorrence of immediate symptoms;2) Circulating Ag detected in sera after specific food challenge: SCG was able to reduce the absorption of mac.This finding may indicate that effectiveness of SCG in preventing the symptoms is due to both reduced and delayed absorption.


In the U.S. federal court system, the Probation and Pretrial Services Office (PPSO) uses a tool known as the Post-Conviction Risk Assessment (PCRA) to assess offender risk and identify challenges offenders face while under supervision. This article evaluates the PCRA and its components to determine its usefulness as a predictive tool for evaluating risk. Overall, we find that the PCRA is an effective tool for classifying offenders as it is currently designed, achieving a level of predictive validity comparable with its competitors. Notably, we also find that the PCRA effectively differentiates offenders early in supervision terms, and that its predictive power diminishes as time under supervision lengthens. Finally, the strength of PCRA classification appears to vary with offense type. The PCRA performs well for some offenses including drug, violent, and property offenses, but provides less utility in reliably predicting less common offenses.


Traditional methods for the preparation of carbon aerogels, such as a sol–gel method, hydrothermal method, freeze-drying method and the direct carbonization of biomass materials, have been more and more limited in their applications due to their high cost, complex processes and the accompanying volume shrinkage in the preparation process. In this paper, we developed a novel air-expansion method for the preparation of porous carbonaceous aerogels with hierarchically macroporous, mesoporous and microporous structures from rice. The main advantages of an air-expansion method are large-scale preparation, low cost, a simple technique and most importantly it keeps the initial shape/structure and avoids shrinkage of the carbon aerogels owing to the air-expansion process of rice generating many macroporous structures for supporting the aerogel framework. When used as an anode for lithium ion batteries, rice-based carbonaceous aerogels exhibit a superior specific capacity and possess a good rate capability. This study gives a better insight into the preparation of carbonaceous aerogels from other grains as well as their potential applications in lithium ion batteries.


A noninferiority study states that the primary end point for the experimental treatment is worse than that for the positive control treatment by a prespecified margin, and rejects the null hypothesis at the prespecified level of statistical significance to support a claim of noninferiority. The p value was 0.36. The trial primary outcome is ''inconclusive'' and did not prove that withdrawing statins was safe.


Persistent immunosuppression despite viral suppression (immunovirological discordance, ID) has been associated with higher risk of AIDS and death, although the risk for AIDS seems to decrease with longer time of suppressed viral load (sVL). The impact of ID on a composite endpoint of AIDS/serious non‐AIDS/death has not been thoroughly investigated. Patients in EuroSIDA starting ≥1 new antiretroviral drugs after January 2001, when CD4 was <200 cells/mm3 and VL >500 copies/mL, and who achieved a sVL ≤50 copies/mL within 1 year were included. Person‐years of follow‐up (PYFU) accrued from the date of sVL until the first of a new AIDS or severe non‐AIDS (SNA) event or death, viral rebound >50 copies/mL (first of 2 consecutive values) or last visit. Rate ratios (RR) were calculated using Poisson regression according to whether or not patient's current CD4 count was still below 200 cells/mm3 (ID). Models were stratified according to whether or not persons were ART‐naïve at baseline. Multivariable models included age, HBV/HCV status, mode of HIV transmission, race, cohort, anemia, diabetes, hypertension or current eGFR, current cART, number of previous antiretrovirals, and time to viral suppression. 994 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria and contributed 4520 PYFU. Median age was 41 (IQR 34–47) years and 72.8% were male. 36.5% of patients were ART‐naïve and started a median of 3 (IQR 2–3) new drugs. 31 AIDS and 58 non‐AIDS events occurred, and 31 patients died (7 due to AIDS, 24 due to SNA). The rate of the combined endpoint in patients with ID (50.3 per 1000 PYFU [95% CI 35.2–69.9]) was higher than in patients recovered from ID (22.1 [17.6–27.3], adjusted RR 2.08 [1.32–3.28]; table). This was similar regardless of whether or not people were ART‐naïve before starting a new drug (interaction test p=0.47). In ID, rate was highest in the first 6 months of sVL (63.1 [33.6–107.9]) and declined thereafter (month 6–12: 60.5 [26.1–119.2],>12 months: 39.8 [22.2–65.6], adjusted RR compared to month 0–6 0.52 [0.24–1.13]). In analyses with endpoints AIDS/death due to AIDS and SNA/death due to SNA separately, the adjusted RR of ID vs. non ID was 4.11 ([1.76–9.60]; p=0.001) and 1.46 ([0.81–2.61]; p=0.207), respectively. Exposure No.events PYFU Rate (95%CI) Crude RR (95%CI) Adjusted**RR (95%CI) All patients No Discordance 84 3805 22.1 (17.6–27.3) 1 1 Discordance 36 716 50.3 (35.2–69.6) 2.28 (1.54–3.38) 2.08 (1.32–3.28) ART‐naïve* patients No Discordance 29 1324 21.9 (14.7–31.5) 1 1 Discordance 9 228 39.5 (18.1–74.9) 1.80 (0.84–3.85) 1.87 (0.81–4.33) ART‐treated* patients No Discordance 55 2481 22.2 (16.7–28.9) 1 1 Discordance 27 488 55.4 (36.5–80.6) 2.50 (1.67–3.97) 1.89 (1.08–3.32) * before starting a new antiretroviral drug according to the inclusion criteria, p(test for interaction):0.47 ** adjusted for smoking, HBV/HCV coinfection, transmission risk, race, cohort, current cART, change of ART before viral suppression, time to viral suppression, presence of diabetes, hypertension, anemia, current eGFR <90, CD4 nadir, CD4 count and viral load at baseline.


Abstract : This report presents the final results of an investigation into direct radio frequency (RF) sampling receiver front ends and compares their performance to the traditional digital receiver front end designs. The distinction between the two implementations is that a direct RF sampling front end uses no analog frequency down conversion, rather the information bandwidth is aliased through the sampling process. This type of design significantly simplifies multiple frequency receiver design, important for receivers used in the Global Positioning System. However, the consequences of such an architecture are not fully understood as the technology required for their implementation has only recent become available. Past work has shown the feasible of the approach. This effort and report document the impact on the resulting phase noise, an important element in receiver design, as a result of the direct RF sampling.


робочих Abstract The accuracy of temperature difference meters depends on technological parameters of controlled processes. The meters of temperature difference can be constructed for operation in a wider temperature range. Their accuracy is determined by the


BACKGROUND A paucity of research exists on the safety and efficacy of aesthetic medicine products in patients with skin of color (SOC). OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness and tolerability of abobotulinumtoxinA (BoNTA‐ABO) for glabellar lines in a subpopulation of patients with SOC with that in white patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This post hoc analysis considered pooled safety data from six clinical trials from which were derived a safety population (n = 1,869 white, n = 472 SOC), an efficacy population for a comparison of fixed‐dose BoNTA‐ABO 50 U in white patients (n = 216) and patients with SOC (n = 117), and an efficacy population for a comparison of BoNTA‐ABO adjusted to muscle mass in white (n = 555) and patients with SOC (n = 160). RESULTS Adverse event rates were similar in white patients and patients with SOC. Onset of effect was similar in patients with SOC and white patients, but the response rate 30 days after treatment was greater in patients with SOC than in white patients. CONCLUSION Tolerability and effectiveness of treatment BoNTA‐ABO for glabellar lines was similar in patients with SOC and white patients.


Aims Hyperlipidaemia model animals have been used to elucidate the role of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) infection in atherosclerosis. The aims of this study were to investigate the proatherogenic effect of multiple Cpn infections in ApoB100only/LDLR−/− mice which based on lipid profile can be regarded as the most suitable mouse model of human hypercholesterolemia and to compare the lesion development to that in a major atherosclerosis model ApoE−/− mice. Methods and Results Aorta samples of ApoB100only/LDLR−/− mice infected three times with Cpn were subjected to morphometric analyses. Morphometric evaluation disclosed that Cpn infections exacerbated atherosclerosis development in the aortic root and descending aorta of the mice fed with normal diet. Viable Cpn was detected in the ascending aorta by RT-PCR. Chlamydial 16SrRNA expression showed the presence of viable Cpn in the aorta of infected animals. A similar rate of acceleration of atherosclerosis was observed when the infection protocol was applied in ApoB100only/LDLR−/− and in ApoE−/− mice. Conclusion Similar to ApoE−/− mice, ApoB100only/LDLR−/− mice with more human-relevant serum lipoprotein composition develop increased atherosclerosis after Cpn infections; thus this mouse strain can be used as a model of infection-related atherosclerosis enhancement and can provide further evidence for the proatherogenic influence of Cpn in mice.


The agricultural sector is characterized by increasing complexity and several factors could have a negative impact on agricultural small and medium-sized enterprises' (SMESs) competitiveness. There are two way to improve farms competitiveness: dimensional growth, achievable through the horizontal aggregation of producers (POs), and innovation, achievable through Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Although several studies have pointed out the positive influence of ICT tools on SMEs performances growth, there is a lack of works concerning the way POs use ICTs web based in order to improve innovativeness and competitiveness of their small farmers. After a preliminary literature review regarding the main drivers for the adoption of ICT and technological innovations in agriculture, an exploratory analysis was performed through a set of in depth interviews to opinion leaders in associated farms of a PO. This qualitative methodological approach aims to investigate the POs contribution in enhancing process or product innovation, improving competitiveness and transferring knowledge, among the associated farms through the use of ICT tools. Findings confirm the main hypothesis on which this study is based upon and are supported by theoretical implications shown in the literature review.


LUNDIN, AND K. MAYOR-WHITNEY. 1979. Immune depression in trypanosome-infected mice. III. Suppressor cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 9: 200-204. ROTTER, V., AND N. TRAININ. 1974. Thymus cell population exerting a regulatory function in the immune response of mice to polyvinylpyrrolidone. Cell. Immunol. 13: 76-80. ST. CHARLES, M., D. FRANK, AND C. TANNER. 1981. The depressed response of spleen cells from rats infected by Trypanosoma lewisi in producing a secondary response in vitro to sheep erythrocytes and the ability of soluble products of the trypanosome to induce this depression. Immunology 43: 441-445. VIENS, P., G. A. T. TARGETT, E. LEUCHARS, AND A. J. S. DAVIES. 1974. The immunological response of CBA mice to Trypanosoma musculi: I. Initial control of the infection and the effect of T-cell deprivation. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 16: 279-293. response in vitro to sheep erythrocytes a ility of soluble products of the trypanoi duce this depre sion. I mun logy 43:


Bacground: T2 hyperintense foci (white matter hyperintensities) are seen in the white matter of the brain on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in smokers. The aim of the study is to reveal the relationship, number and size of these white matter hyperintensities with smoking in Azerbaijani smoking men and to compare them with the control group. Materials and Methods: Total of 120 patients between 37 and 70 years were included in this study. The mean age was 50,2±0,8. Eighty(80) of the patients were smokers and 40 of them was healthy individuals. In our study we exam the location(according to the brain lobes), size and frequency of T2 hyperintense foci on MRI. We used 1.5-Tesla Magnetom Aera MRI equipment and images obtained with T2 turbo inversion recovery magnitude (TIRM) sequences. MRI images were obtained using TR-9200, TI 2450, TE 84 and 3.5 mm slice thickness, and 10% interslice gap. Results: The mean age of the smokers was 50,7±1,0 (37-70) years. The mean age of the healthy individuals was 49±1,1(39-62) (Pu=0,556). WMH was not found in 21(52,5%) patient from 40 healthy individuals. The average number of WMH detected in 47.5%(19) of patients was 3.2±0,8 (min0-max20) and the average size was 1.9±0,1 mm (min1.5-max 2.5). According to the measurements and numbers performed on 80 smokers included in the study, the average number of WMHs was 8.8±1,5(min0-max70) and the average size was 2.3±1,0 mm(min1.5-max6). At the same time, WMHs were not observed in 28 (35,0%) smokers. It was found that the number of WMH in smokers was higher than in control group-healthy individuals(Pu=0,025). But the size of WMH in smokers was not differ so much than in healthy individuals(Pu=0,459). Conclusion: An increase in the number of white matter hyperintensities in the brain was found in smoking men in Azerbaijan compared to the healthy individuals. There was no significant difference in the statistically correct correlation (in the number and size of the WMH) between those who had smoked for longer years-50 years and those who had smoked the least-15 years. The number of WMH increases with age, regardless of whether the patient smokes or not.


qregpd can be used to fit the quantile regression for panel data (QRPD) estimator developed in Powell (2015). The estimator addresses a fundamental problem posed by alternative fixed-effect quantile estimators: inclusion of individual fixed effects alters the interpretation of the estimated coefficient on the treatment variable. As detailed in Powell(2016), the QRPD estimator is a special case of the generalized quantile estimator implemented by genqreg. Numerical optimization proceeds via a Nelder-Mead algorithm. As estimation and calculation of standard errors can sometimes pose numerical challenges, the user can estimate generalized quantile regressions using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods or grid-search methods.


In the modern digital systems, the most amount of the radiation from the system is caused by the high-speed clock signal. As a method to reduce the radiated emission from the system clock, the spread spectrum clock technique that modulates the system clock frequency had been introduced. In this paper, we introduce the design guidelines of the spread spectrum clock for the suppression of electromagnetic radiation and interference from the high-speed digital interconnection line. We propose some formulas for the attenuation of maximum spectrum at odd harmonics of the spread spectrum clock with the triangular modulation profile using FFT algorithm. The formulas include jitter and peak deviation as well as fundamental and modulation frequencies. We expect that these formulas are helpful to designers who adopt the spread spectrum clock technique to suppress the electromagnetic radiation and interference from the highspeed digital interconnection line.


In this paper, chained-response method is applied to the synthesis and design analysis of the substrate integrate waveguide (SIW) filters. SIW is smaller in size and offers low loss as well as high power handling just like the conventional waveguide filters. Chained-response multiband provides the flexibility in selecting inner-band frequency and the bandwidth for each of the passband. It is able to further improve the integration of wireless communication into a multiband system. From the simulation run in ANSYS HFSS, it is shown to have a good return loss performance of 13dB and an insertion loss of 1. 7dB, with a fractional bandwidth (FWB) of 3.5%. A good agreement between the theoretical value and simulated value can be seen.


The poor quality crop residues constitute the bulk of dry matter consumed by the ruminants. Like in most developing countries, including in Indonesia, feed shortage is the main constraint to their productivity. During the hot and dry seasons, the available feed resources are not enough in energy and digestion proteins, which are insufficient to maintenance requirements and reducing productivity throughout the year. The use of conventional feedstuffs such as rice brand, pollard, soybean cake, and groundnut cake to enhance production has become inappropriate. These supplements are in short supply owing to increasing demand from agricultural and industrial users. Their exorbitant prices and erratic supply made them too expensive for small-scale farmers to incorporate them into ruminant feeding. Urea Molasses Multinutrient Block (UMMB) is a convenient and inexpensive method of providing a range of nutrients to ruminants. Giving UMMB can improve low-quality feed digestion so in general can improve the performance of livestock such as milk production, weight, BCS and reproductive status. This article aims to evaluation the benefits of a UMMB for feed ruminants.


Comparing with the changes between new and old GB/T700 Carbon Structural Steel Standard, the new GB/T700-2006 Standard was implemented in Liugang according to its application.


Leo Lemay's effort to institutionalize, sustain, and protect the field of early American studies is famous; his humor and his intellectual generosity, unsurpassed. When I took on the difficult task of letting those on the Society of Early Americanists' listserve know of Leo's death, the first message received was from William Scheick, who wrote, on October 16, 2008, "Leo's passing is a wounding palpable absence which no words can in any way mitigate." Bill Scheick expressed the thoughts of many people who were fortunate enough to have known Leo Lemay (fig. 1).


The co-relationship between Typical Strong Sandstorm and lunar phase angles is investigated in this paper.Time of each sandstorm event is change into lunar astronomic longitude(λm) and solar longitude(λs),and the lunar phase angle of event is calculated with D=λm-λs.Frequency of event withD±6° is investigated and we find that optimal angles for frequency over double standard deviation are around(30°,42°) and(306°,318°).we try to analysis the relation by Tide Theory.The earth tide has changed the superficial property and the motion characteristic of sand,which makes the geotexture of sand loose.In the influence of moon,the atmospheric tide and the increase temperature reinforce the vertical instablility of atmosphere.These facts acting on jointly induce sandstorm to give rise to.Significant response of typical strong sandstorm to lunar phase in special areas might provide background for sandstorm forecasting,but also get puzzle of sandstorm prediction into a narrow way.