The following article by K. A. Wardle is the first of a series of studies on the finds from the excavation known as the Citadel House, a name given by Professor Wace to an area on the Mycenae acropolis to the south of Schliemann's grave circle. Its exact situation is between the South House and Tsountas's House and next to the Cyclopaean wall. In effect it is a continuation southwards of the so-called South House that Wace excavated in 1922. He recognized at that time that he had uncovered only a small part of a large building but circumstances did not permit him to proceed further with the excavation. Only in 1954 was work resumed on this site as part of a large programme that was mainly concerned with areas outside the citadel. To distinguish it from these other areas it was given the name of the 'Citadel House', a non-committal term but one that, in view of the later importance of the site, was liable to lead to misunderstanding, implying that it was the only house on the acropolis. Professor Wace, had he lived, would no doubt have considered changing the designation but in deference to his memory the name has been retained and it has been used in all the short provisional reports that have appeared to date. Professor Mylonas, who understandably dislikes the present designation, refers to the site as 'Wace's House', but I think that Wace would not have favoured such a term. One cannot now say what other name he would have preferred to substitute, but I do not think he would have objected to the term 'South House', and unquestionably part of the 'Citadel House' is an extension of the South House; but one must bear in mind that the buildings that have been uncovered between the South House and Tsountas's House do not always have the same axis as the former.


We have fabricated field effect transistors with undoped GaAs channels, undoped AlxGa1−xAs barriers, and either n+GaAs or epitaxial Al gates. Low resistance ohmic contacts are made separately to the gate and channel in samples with 250 A barriers and in which the depth of the channel below the top surface is 900 A. Because electrons in the channel are neutralized by conducting charge on the gate, they do not experience the dopant‐induced disorder inevitable in modulation doped structures. Electron mobility is above 106 cm2/V s, even when their Fermi wavelength exceeds 1000 A, making these devices ideally suited for nanofabrication.


Journals (social sciences edition) in science and engineering universities bear the characteristics of their own university specialties. For further development, these journals should, with their advantages in science and engineering disciplines, relate their contents closely with the social reality, taking consideration of practical problems existing in the social development and economic construction, and make full use of their unique characteristics to improve their academic qualities.


Blood Glucose Lowering Effect in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Metformin Use Supplemented with Bitter Melon (Momordica Charatia) Extract in Tablet FormType II Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic syndrome caused by insulin resistance. The first line treatment option most commonly used is Metformin, which has some side effects to gastrointestinal system. One of the alternative is bitter melon (Momordica Charantia) which contain a sterol glycoside compound called charantin that is able to improve insulin usage in type II diabetes patients. The purpose of this study is to observe the glucose lowering effects of bitter melon extract supplementation in type II diabetes patients with Metformin use.This study is an experimental study using the pre and posttest with one group design. The subject of this study, are comprised of type II diabetes patients who take metformin routinely with blood glucose lower than 300 mg/dL. The total amount of subject involved in this study is 60 patients which was chosen with purposive sampling that was divided in 2 separate period of observation. Blood glucose measurement was done in pretest, posttest, and during the observation period with a 2-day interval with each measurement.Supplement of single tablet (1700 mg) of bitter melon extract in 15-day period reduce the blood glucose in 33% od subjects while supplement of two tablet (3400 mg) of bitter melon extract shows a reduction of 63,6 to 91,9 mg/dl in blood sugar of subjects.Supplement of bitter melon extract during the 15-day observation period has a significant effect toward type II diabetes patients with routine metformin use.


This article discusses a recent amendment to the Canadian Citizenship Act, which retroactively restores or gives Canadian citizenship to 'hundreds of thousands of unsuspecting foreigners, most of them Americans' (P. Dvorak, 2009. Canada issues a wake-up call: you may be a citizen. The Wall Street Journal, 17 April. Available from: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123993183347727843.html) while also restricting the inheritance of Canadian citizenship to the first-generation born abroad. Aiming to redress past discriminations based on gender, marital status and dual citizenship while simultaneously curtailing modern citizenship's dubious ius sanguinis provision, the new law might be interpreted as perpetuating Canada's reputation as a world leader in interethnic relations and human rights. A contextual analysis of the new law, by contrast, shows that the opposite is the case: the boundaries that are being drawn by Canada's new citizenship regime follow the now common trend of re-ethnicization and securitization. Specifically, they conflate kinship and Whiteness, thereby leading, on the one hand, to the construction of possible citizens whose authenticity and loyalty to the nation are unquestioned. On the other hand, within the logic of the new laws and their surrounding discourses, non-White, non-Christian 'impossible citizens' emerge, whose lack of loyalty and instrumental use of their Canadian passport are said to be eroding the value of citizenship from within.


Electric vehicle (EV) wireless charging technology has recently attracted a lot of attention and has a broad potential for commercial application development. A fundamental performance indicator of wireless charging systems is efficient transmission. Magnetic coupling mechanism design and circuit parameters have the greatest effects on the transmission efficiency of the system. In this study, the output power and efficiency of the wireless power transfer (WPT) circuit were theoretically computed based on the LCC-type resonant network. Simulation studies demonstrate that the transmission efficiency and output gain deviate significantly from the expected value when circuit parameters are changed. To improve transmission efficiency, the optimal impedance configuration was created using a semi-controlled rectifier circuit. Based on electromagnetic field theory and equivalent magnetic circuit model, a new contactless transformer structure was optimized and created, and the new contactless transformer had a higher coupling coefficient. The coil offset had a greater impact on the transmission efficiency. The results indicate that within a certain distance, the coupling coil offset had no impact on transmission efficiency, and beyond that distance, the transmission efficiency was almost non-existent. Both the feasibility of the practical verification and the accuracy of the theoretical study were tested using a low-power wireless charging experimental setup. This paper provides design guidelines for wireless charging systems using circuit parameter sensitivity analysis and contactless transformer optimization design.


In this paper we investigate power-saving techniques that employ the on-chip power gating to reduce the static power loss. Gating the power of single functional blocks in a wireless sensor node with help of a power management unit and power gates, we minimize the static power loss in a wireless sensor network. The proposed power gating approach is implemented and verified on test architecture. The measurement results show that the static power loss of gated functional blocks is eliminated.


Rotary wing aircrafts in any flight conditions suffer from excessive vibration which makes the passengers feel uncomfortable and causes fatigue failure in the structure. The main sources of vibration are the rotor harmonic airloads which originate primarily from the rapid variation of flow around the blade due to the vortex wake. Unlike fixed wing aircrafts, helicopter wake consists of helical vortex sheets trailed behind each blade and remains under the rotor disk which induces vertical downwash velocities at chordwise and spanwise stations of the blade. In this study, a mathematical model is developed for rotor blades to compute the harmonic loads induced velocity at rotor blades for two flight conditions-vertical takeoff and landing, and forward flight. This method is useful for the performance analysis of rotor blade and selection of airfoils for the blade. The sectional lift, drag, and pitching moment are computed at a radial blade station for both flight conditions. The numerical integration of Biot-Savart relation are done for all the trailing and shed vortices to calculate the downwash through the rotor disc. The airloads are calculated using the relation between harmonic and inflow coefficients. The lift at a particular radial station is computed considering trailing and shed vortices and summing over each blade. Lifting-surface and lifting-line theories are applied to near wake and far wake, respectively, to calculate the downwash and inflow through the rotor disc. The results for lift are compared to the experimental flight-test data.


To investigate properties of cloud and rainfall occurred at Boseong on 10 July 2012, Raindrop Size distributions (RSDs) and other parameters were analyzed using observa- tion data collected by Micro Rain Radar (MRR) and PARticle SIze and VELocity (PAR- SIVEL) disdrometer located in the National center for intensive observation of severe weather at Boseong in the southwest of the Korean peninsula. In addition, time series of RSD parame- ters, relationship between reflectivity-rain rate, and vertical variation of rain rates-fall veloci- ties below melting layer were examined. As a result, good agreements were found in the reflectivity-rain rate time series as well as their power relationships between MRR and PAR- SIVEL disdrometer. The rain rate was proportional to reflectivity, mean diameter, and inversely proportional to shape (µ), slope (Λ), intercept (N0) parameter of RSD. In comparison of the RSD, as rain rate was increased, the slope of RSD became less steep and the mean diameter became larger. Also, it was verified that reflectivities are classified in three categories (Cate- gory 1: Z (reflectivity) > 40 dBZ, Category 2: 30 dBZ < Z < 40 dBZ, Category 3: Z < 30 dBZ). As reflectivity was increased, rain rate was intensified and larger raindrops were existed, while reflectivity was decreased, shape (µ), slope (Λ), intercept (N0) parameter of RSD were increased. We expected that these results will lead to better understanding of microphysical process in convective rainfall system occurred during short-term period over Korean peninsula.


This research aims at studying enduser acceptance of workflow system. Enduser acceptance is crucial when considering the implementation success of workflow systems (WFS). The case study reported here is the first step in the development of a general diagnostic tool for evaluating the implementation of workflow systems.Many case studies have been presented in the field of Workflow Management [1;2;3]. Some focus on the design of WFS tools, others are ethnographic in nature and describe the factors that lead to success or failure of the WFS. However, most case studies provide case-specific insights and no general systematic framework has been presented yet to evaluate workflow implementation.


Dielectric loss factor (tanδ), largest repeatedly occurring PD magnitude and breakdown voltage of large generator stator bars with different internal corona protection were studied in this paper. It was found the electric properties which, the increment of tanδ, breakdown voltage and partial discharge magnitude etc. of the bars with internal corona protection were excelled than the bars without the structure. The loss factor of the bars fully shielded was smaller than those with partial shield layer. The dielectric loss factors of the fully shield bars were similarly but the partial discharge magnitude and breakdown voltage are very different depending on different structure of internal corona protection. These parameters could effectively characterize the electrical properties of large generator stator bars. The study had important reference for designing internal corona protection structure of large generator stator bars


Objective To investigate the clinical effect,advantage and disadvantage of urethroscopic holmium YAG laser lithotripsy and open ureterolithotomy.Methods 182 patients with ureteral calculi were involved into the study.136 patients were given urethroscopic holmium YAG laser lithotripsy and 46 patients were given open ureterolithotomy.The operative effect,operative time,bleeding,hospital stay,complication and postoperative recovery were compared between the two groups.Results The clinical effects of the two methods were pretty much the same,but compared with open ureterolithotomy,ureteroscopic holmium YAG laser lithotripsy had shorter operation time,less bleeding and hospital stay,early recovery of intestinal function,shorter time of lying in the bed and transfusion,less use of pain reliever and early returning to work.Conclusion The urethroscopic holmium YAG laser lithotripsy is safe and effective in the treatment of ureteral calculi and should be the first choice when treating middle and lower ureteral calculi.


This paper reports the investigation of the neural network solution to the zero-one optimal covering problem via computer simulation. The key idea used in this exploration is that for every covering problem there exists an equivalent integer linear programming problem which can be solved by modifying the linear programming neural net circuit proposed by Tank and Hopfield. Simulation results indicate that this method works very well.<<ETX>>


According to one report out of every 100,000 people, 41 are diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis every year. 1 Rheumatoid Arthritis does not have a cure at this time. Many new treatments have been developed over the last 30 years, but none of them "cure" Rheumatoid Arthritis. Instead, they aim to lower inflammation and pain, prevent joint damage, and slow the progression of the disease. In Ayurveda it can be compared with aamavata characterized by pricking pain in the joints, body pain, fever, heaviness of the body, anorexia, etc 2 .A 35yr patient was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and was undergoing DMARDs and NSAIDs treatment which was proved to be ineffective who was later admitted to SDMCA-Udupi for the same, treated according to the aamavata protocol and had significant improvement in the condition and on further follow up with regular medication his condition was better.


This paper proposes a finite control set model predictive current control (FCS-MPCC) with grey prediction for surface mounted PMSM drives. The basic FCS-MPCC is combined with grey prediction to improve the dynamic performance current control. Grey system takes into account both certain and uncertain information in real system, and use the rolling optimal grey sequence to predict the control current for cost function. The performance is demonstrated in both simulation and experiment. The results illustrate that FCS-MPCC with grey prediction expresses a good current response under the load disturbance and good performance under different parameter variations. Meanwhile the steady-state performance of current can be assured.


Simultaneous balloon-borne in situ measurements of total reactive nitrogen (NO ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) were made up to 29 km over Kiruna, Sweden (68°N, 21°E) on February 10 and 25, 1997. Kiruna was located at the edge or inside of the Arctic vortex at potential temperatures between 475 (∼19 km) and 675 K (∼26 km). Below 500 K (∼21 km) the N 2 O values were >120 ppbv on both days, and the observed NO mixing ratios agreed well with those calculated using the NO y -N 2 O correlation previously obtained at northern midlatitudes. An exception was a sharp dip in NO at 445 K (18.4 km) observed on February 25. Back trajectory analyses indicate that this layer had experienced cold temperatures close to ice saturation, i.e., favorable conditions for denitrification. Between 500 and 600 K (∼24 km) the N 2 O values were <120 ppbv, and the observed NO y values were some 4-6 ppbv lower than those calculated using the midlatitude NO y -N 2 O correlation, which includes the NO reduction due to the N + NO reaction. The temperatures in the Arctic winter above 55 K were too high to cause extensive denitrification. The combined processes of (1) diabatic descent and (2) quasi-horizontal mixing of vortex air are likely causes of the anomalous NO y -N 2 O correlation. The CH 4 -N 2 O correlation obtained inside the Arctic vortex in February 1997 also supports this hypothesis. A similar anomalous NO y -N 2 O correlation was observed from the ER-2 measurements and from the atmospheric trace molecule spectroscopy ATLAS 2 measurements made inside the vortex in the winters of 1991-1992 and 1992-1993.


Abstract Early Cretaceous mammals of Spain are known only from the Galve and Una areas. They are of considerable importance when compared with other Early Cretaceous mammal assemblages, and are the only known assemblage from the Barremian. In this context, two new mammalian taxa from Poca, Galve (Teruel) are described: Lavocatia alfambrensis gen. nov., sp. nov. (Multituberculata) based upon P5, and Pocamus pepelui gen. nov., sp. nov. (Peramura) also based upon P5. Lavocatia , because of its similarity to Kielanodon , is assigned to the Paulchoffatiinae. It differs from known paulchoffatiine genera in having a large number of cusps (15), rather than eight or 10, which are arranged in three oblique, rather than longitudinal, rows. Pocamus is assigned to the Peramura. It generally resembles Peramus , from which it differs in having a third cusp interpreted as an incipient protocone.


The paper analyzes the present process of library,ascertains the core process of library,the optimization of library business process and reforger of library organization culture,etc.


Weight loss and gasometric methods have been used to study the inhibiting effect of extract of leaves and stem of Solanum xanthocarpum and Salvodera persica on the corrosion of aluminium in 2N HCl solution was evaluated. The results indicated that the corrosion inhibition efficiency increased on increasing plant extract concentration. Percentage inhibition efficiencies obtained from weight loss were reasonably in good agreement with those obtained from gasometric method. The analysis of data shows that combating efficacy of Salvodera persica is more than that of solanum xanthocarpum. However leaves extract of Salvodera persica show more combating power than stem extract of salvodera persica. Short Research Article Manwani and Upadhyay; AJOCS, 9(1): 43-50, 2021; Article no.AJOCS.63697 44


Clinical pharmacy services in Europe, according to a 2005 survey, have not changed significantly from their status in 1995, when the first European survey was conducted.[1][1] In 85% of the hospitals surveyed, pharmacists performed clinical services from the confines of the pharmacy department, only


OBJECTIVE To study protein binding of valproic acid in epileptic patients serum. METHODS Free valproic acid was extracted from the serum of 30 epileptic patients by ultrafiltration. Then the total level and free level of valproic acid in 30 epileptic patients were determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay, respectively. Finally serum protein binding ratio of valproic acid in epileptic patients was calculated. RESULTS Serum protein binding ratio of valproic acid in 30 patients ranged from 88.78 % to 95.91 % , and the average ratio was 93.63% . Individual variability of serurn protein binding ratio of valproic acid in 30 patients was not obvious( RSD =2.06%).CONCLUSION A high serum protein binding of valproic acid was found in patients.The level of valproic acid will be comprehensively considered in clime. It is suggested that the blood drug level of free valproic acid should be monitored in suitable occassion.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to assess whether Arab speaking children ages 5, 6 and 7 can read a word in a logo with the print, colour, and context as opposed to when the word is in black and white in manuscript form. The purpose of the study is important because it adds to the body of knowledge about how children develop literacy skills across cultures. A total of 646 children from Al-Zarqa city in Jordan were presented with commonly encountered food and drink logos and asked to read the words in the logo. Results revealed that younger children were most likely to correctly read the word when it was within context of the logo rather than in black and white manuscript in contrast to older children who could read the words of the logo correctly whether in context or out of context. The results of the study show that younger children, but not older, lack the ability to read absent the colour and context of the logo. This is consistent with previous studies that also found that younger children rely on contexts of colour, graphics, and surroundings to ascertain a word's meaning.


Focus on the word refraction,this article arranged the translation and evolution of terms of refraction from the end of Ming Dynasty.It assayed the effect that it did on scholars both in Ming and Qing.it also discussed the reason why It ascertained on refraction in the end and the influence of it as well.


Prior studies have suggested that pacemaker reuse may be a reasonable alternative to provide device therapy in the low‐ and middle‐income countries. We studied explant indications and remaining battery life of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) at a tertiary medical center.


Arsenic contamination incident in Yangzonghai Lake, Yunnan, has attracted wide attention in society. In order to evaluate the arsenic levels and temporal trends after the incident, the sampling and determination were carried out in December, 2008, February, May and September, 2009, respectively. The samples included lake water, sediment, soil, aquatic organisms and crops. The average arsenic concentrations of lake water in the four samplings were 176.9, 147.3, 159.3, 161.1 μg/L (arithmetic average), those of the sediments were 32.87, 62.41, 62.99, 46.96 μg/g (arithmetic average), respectively. As time goes by, the arsenic concentration of lake water in Yangzonghai increased firstly and then decreased, finally, the concentration leveled off. Meanwhile, the arsenic content of the sediment increased rapidly and then decreased slowly. The arsenic exchange between lake water and sediment is still in progress. The highest total arsenic of soil in the vicinity of Yangzonghai was 23.33 μg/g, which was lower than relevant national standard. The contents of edible parts of rice, corn, cauliflower and small cole were lower than 0.35 μg/g and the relative national standards for non-polluted food. The total arsenic levels of aquatic plants are between 100 and 200 μg/g and the highest was Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara, which was higher than 300 μg/g. The arsenic concentrations of fish and shrimp were1.52–11.4 μg/g (dry weight).


Corsican nationalism offers a valuable opportunity to identify the uniqueness of nationalism as a mode of political claim making as well as the characteristics nationalist mobilization shares with other forms of collective action. Like all nations, the Corsican nation does not exist as objective reality, but must be projected as real; it must be made to appear real through the drama of political struggle. Thus, unlike leaders in other forms of social mobilization, nationalists agents must convincingly project the existence of their subject as well as the righteousness of their objective. The struggle over the official recognition of a Corsican nation by French government officials has been centred on this task. At the same time, this article draws attention to the fundamentally similar dynamics that are shared by all forms of contentious politics.


Objective Understanding of maternal tensions,the influence factors of anxiety,a series of psychological analysis and give the corresponding nursing measures,in order to reduce maternal psychological pressure,to achieve the smooth delivery of purpose. Methods A random sample of 60 of 33-40 weeks without psychiatric disorders and severe somatic disease maternal using questionnaires and self-rating anxiety scale( SAS) of pregnant women on the mental status and influencing factors for investigation and analysis. Results The 60 cases of maternal anxiety in 46 cases,moderate in 12 cases,severe in 2 cases,anxiety of influence factors and maternal age,education,occupation,parity,on the fetus and their health,iatrogenic factors,on delivery to the mother role cognition,psychological preparation with different degrees of contact. Conclusion Anxiety causes and severity varies with maternal age,education,occupation,,vary,pregnant women are the presence of mild mental stress,may cause increased maternal anxiety level,so the nursing staff is necessary for pregnant women with psychological and health guidance,to lead present in pregnant women's psychological pressure,thus improving maternal mental health,reduce anxiety occurrence probability,the promotion of maternal and child safety.


The post-2015 development agenda builds on the successes of the past two decades and strives for "sustainable development and... ensuring the promotion of an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable future for our planet and for present and future generations." Major challenges remain in achieving this vision. Action will be needed on a wide range of areas including poverty eradication, inequality, economic growth, industrialization, employment, food security and nutrition and sustainable agriculture, water and sanitation, health and population, energy, and climate change.


OBJECTIVE To discuss the preoperative locating diagnosis and transnasal endoscopic surgery for cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea in sella turcica region.METHODS All of the 22 patients with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea had been located the position of leakage by means of high resolution computed tomography(HRCT),magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and/or computed tomography cisternography(CTC)techniques,and then the skull base defects were repaired with fascia via transnasal endoscopic surgery.All the patients were followed up for 6 to 51 months.RESULTS Nineteen cases were successfully repaired by operation once and another patient was cured through reoperation.Two cases refused reoperation after failure of the operation and lost follow-up.No complications such as intra-cranial infection and hemorrhage were found during the perioperative period and follow-up.The main failure causes of operation were the necrosis of the repairing fascia,missing the real leakage,and the recurrence of malignant tumor.CONCLUSION It is a key step to locate leakage accurately before operation by means of CT and MRI.Transnasal endoscopic technique is the optimal choice for management of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea in sella turcica region.


The decree of the State Council (Rada Panstwa) of 12 December 1981 on martial law imposed martial law in Poland and ended Solidarity period in Polish history. Many Solidarity activists were imprisoned and sentenced on the basis of this decree. The penal provisions from this decree were often applied by judges on retroactive basis. The text analyzes the responsibility of judges for these commitments. The Supreme Court passed a sentence on this issue in 2007. The Supreme Court expressed an opinion that judges were obliged to apply retroactive rules. The author does not share this opinion. He analyzes Polish legal acts and the Convention on Human Rights (art. 15). A part of the text is dedicated to Gustaw Radbruch's views about human justice, which in critical situation should have been applied despite the fact that written law is different.


'Dr John Bennett lives in London and Gothenburg, and is in specialist orthodontic practice in London. He is well known for his special interest in treatment mechanics and has published and lectured extensively on this. In this extended interview he shares his latest thinking with Dr Chetan Jayade.' Chetan Jayade: On behalf of th e ed ito r and the members of the Indi an Orthodontic Society, I extend greetin gs to you from India. May I begin by asking you to tell us about your ge neral orth odonti c background and your ea rly training ( was it in Begg and if so, when and why you changed over to the preadjusted appli ance?) John Bennett: I always wanted to be an orthodontist from the age of 14, so duri ng my dental trai ni ng I spe nt most of the 5 yea rs in the orthodontic department! I then did a formal 2-year post-graduate training at the Eastman Dental Institute in th e 1970's in London, and thi s covered both edgewise and Begg techniques. Subsequently I spent time with both the Tweed and Begg groups, tryi ng to master both te chniques. I met Dr. Begg at the Kes ling & Rocke ce nter and I became a full member of th e European Begg Society for a while. But I always favored the edgewise bracket, because of its superior fi ni shing, w ith fewer extractions, and I sett led for using the preadjusted version when it be ca me widely avai lable in the mid-1970's .


Infection by different species of parasites from the genus Leishmania have distinct outcome in the same species of host. While some mouse strains are resistant to infection by various species of the parasite, almost all strains of mice are susceptible to infection by L. amazonensis, developing chronic and progressive lesions in response to infection. This pronounced virulence of parasites may be related to the expression of surface molecules that promote their interaction with hosts. The ecto-enzymes involved in metabolism of nucleotides are a potential factor of virulence for parasites of the genus Leishmania. To characterize the immune response developed in animals infected with parasites that have distinct profiles of ecto-nucleotidase activity, we evaluated the infection by L. amazonensis kept in axenic culture for few or many passages. These parasites, when maintained in axenic culture for many passages, have lower virulence in vivo and reduced ecto-nucleosidasic activity. The activity of the enzymes involved in metabolism of extracellular nucleotides can be modulated by culturing the parasites in the presence of certain molecules. Thus, when the culture medium is supplemented with adenosine, the final product of the catabolic pathway, the parasites have reduced ectonucleosidasic activity capacity and induce smaller lesions in C57BL/6. Parasites that have been kept in culture for a long time, when grown in medium supplemented with suramin, an inhibitor of ecto-ATPases, have increased ability to hydrolyze ATP and cause bigger lesions in C57BL/6. Interestingly, cells recovered from animals infected with the parasites that have a higher ATPase activity produced smaller amounts of IFN- , after eight weeks of infection. Infection of macrophages by these parasites also shows marked differences, for both peritoneal macrophages and for macrophages derived from bone marrow. The parasites maintained in culture for few passages are able to infect a greater proportion of macrophages; however, differences in cellular parasitism are not observed. There are no changes in the production of cytokines, chemokines and NO by cells infected by different parasites. Data obtained in vivo showed that natural regulatory T cells appear to be important for delaying the lesion development. However, their participation seems to be similar in animals infected with both parasites. After a week of infection, there is increased production of the chemokine CCL2 in animals infected with parasites maintained in culture for few passages. As this chemokine participates in the recruitment of monocytes, it is possible to imagine that the parasites maintained in culture for few passages leads to greater recruitment of these cells to the site of infection. Once differentiated into macrophages, these cells are effectively infected by these parasites. Together, these results show that the enzymes involved in metabolism of extracellular nucleotides play an important role in infection by L. amazonensis, and could have direct role in adhesion of the parasite to target cells and subsequent modulation of immune response.


This presentation is about the Architecture of Libraries. A historical retrospection is attempted, which shows the different approaches for this subject from Summerians to the early years. Then follows the case of the Architectural Design of Serres' Technological Educational Institute Library and an evaluation of its functions one year after its construction.


Combining the practical project,and at the kiln inclined tunnel rock boundary stage of the Yingyaoshan tunnel of Zhun-Shuo railway,the paper proposes reasonable construcitonal measure and method,that is adopting possession of an advance,excavation division,ground drainage,close support jet to the upper V level surrounding rock loess enriched water,and adopting differential damping,static blasting,keep up with support,closed into a ring to the lower soft rock,so as to solve the safe construction problem in rock boundary stage.


To avoid confusion, safety rules should specify that the use of hand sanitizers is not a substitute for washing hands after laboratory.


Bone Biology
Osteoclasts are cells that break down bone; however, excessive bone loss leads to conditions such as osteoporosis. When three proteins called RANKL bind to three receptors called RANK on the osteoclasts' surfaces, the osteoclasts go to work. Warren et al. linked three mutant versions of


Technology scaling is becoming more difficult and costly with each generation. As we scale below 7nm, there is uncertainty in the methodology that will be used for device formation and integration. Now, more than ever, the use of advanced packaging technologies is needed to help extend the lifetimes of our most advanced fab technologies. In this "More Than Moore" era, transistor density can be considered in terms of volume rather than area, and the proliferation of TSV integration is the key enabling technology.


Since gas explosion is the most frequent accidental event occurring in the oil and gas industry, all safety-related critical elements on the topside of offshore platforms should retain their integrity against extreme pressure demands. Although considerable effort has been devoted to develop blast-resistant design methods for offshore structures, there remain several issues that require further investigation. The duration of the triangular-shaped blast design pressure curve with a completely positive side is usually determined by the absolute area of each measured transient pressure response, using the flame acceleration simulator (FLACS). The negative phase pressure in a general gas explosion, however, is often quite crucial, unlike gaseous detonation or TNT explosion. The objective of this study is to thoroughly examine the effect of the negative phase pressure on structural behavior. A blast wall for a specific floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) topside is considered as an exemplar structure for blast-resistant design to focus only on overpressure because there is no drag pressure in this type of obstacle. Gas dispersion and explosion simulations were carried out using FLACS, while LS-DYNA was used in the nonlinear transient finite element structural analysis.


To effectively solve the dispute in land conversion and protect farmers' interests,this paper discusses the characters of land conversion and its dispute in rural China and analyses their harm to farmer' interests based on a survey in Jiangsu,Jilin and Sichuan provinces. Results show that low compensation,imperfect grant and lacking settlement channel easily lead to the dispute. And policy implications are finally provided from the perspectives of improvement of land compensation mechanism,construction of unified market of non-agricultural land and establishment of diversified mechanism for land dispute settlement.


The invention provides a view switching method and device. The method includes the steps of conducting monitoring to obtain view switching operation in an application interface, destroying a current view corresponding to the view switching operation, establishing a view object corresponding to a target view in the view switching operation by calling a view management class, conducting assignment on the view object through a view controller, and presenting the view object where assignment is conducted on the application interface so as to display the target view. The device comprises a monitoring module which is used for conducting monitoring to obtain the view switching operation in the application interface, a current view processing module which is used for destroying the current view corresponding to the view switching operation, an object establishing module which is used for establishing the view object corresponding to the target view in the view switching operation by calling the view management class, and a display control module which is used for conducting assignment on the view object through the view controller and presenting the view object where assignment is conducted on the application interface so as to display the target view. By means of the view switching method and device, memory resource consumption can be lowered.


Objective To derive estimates of the associations between measures of the retail food environments and mean body mass index (BMI) in Jamaica, a middle-income country with increasing prevalence of obesity. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Data from the Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey 2008 (JHLS II), a nationally representative population-based survey that recruited persons at their homes over a 4-month period from all 14 parishes and 113 neighbourhoods defined as enumeration districts. Participants A subsample of 2529 participants aged 18–74 years from the JHLS II who completed interviewer-administered surveys, provided anthropometric measurements and whose addresses were geocoded. Primary outcome measure Mean BMI, calculated as weight divided by height squared (kg/m2). Results There was significant clustering across neighbourhoods for mean BMI (intraclass correlation coefficients=4.16%). Fully adjusted models revealed higher mean BMI among women, with further distance away from supermarkets (β=0.12; 95% CI 8.20×10−3, 0.24; p=0.036) and the absence of supermarkets within a 1 km buffer zone (β=1.36; 95% CI 0.20 to 2.52; p=0.022). A 10 km increase in the distance from a supermarket was associated with a 1.7 kg/m2 higher mean BMI (95% CI 0.03 to 0.32; p=0.020) in the middle class. No associations were detected with fast-food outlets or interaction by urbanicity. Conclusions Higher mean BMI in Jamaicans may be partially explained by the presence of supermarkets and markets and differ by sex and social class. National efforts to curtail obesity in middle-income countries should consider interventions focused at the neighbourhood level that target the location and density of supermarkets and markets and consider sex and social class-specific factors that may be influencing the associations.


The purpose of this research is to check the validity and accuracy of "Scale of The Creative Leadership Qualities of School Administrators" by Uchar and Saghlam (2019) in case of Azerbaijan. In total, 613 teachers have completed this survey. The "Scale" has been supported by the values (scores) acquired from the linguistic equivalence and correlation between Azerbaijani and Turkish versions. The research has concluded that there was no necessity to reevaluate the describing factor analysis, because of this fact, validating factor analysis has been conducted in this research. 5 points in the "Scale" has been disapproved and removed at the end of validating factor analysis. The validity of the internal sequence of the "Scale" has been calculated with the use of Cronbach Alpha coefficient. The validity ratio of the subfactors of the "Scale" has been calculated as 0.92 for entrepreneurship and effective communication, 0.94 for innovation and changes and 0.76 for variety. This research concludes that "Scale of The Creative Leadership Qualities of School Administrators" is valid and accurate in case of Azerbaijan. Key words: school administrator, creative leadership, "Scale", validity, accuracy


The study of economic incentive policy is of great significances for Beijing to implement building energy efficiency work by taking good advantage of various economic levers. With the development of Beijing's economy, energy consumptions are increasing dramatically and energy shortage has become a critical factor that influences future development of the city. Implementing building energy efficiency can effectively reduce energy demand and bring great environmental and social benefits. This paper analyzes present situation of building energy efficiency work in Beijing, appraises present situation for drafting economic incentive policy, puts forward economic incentive policy configuration according to different types of buildings and does feasibility research for the policy in order to supply theoretical support for certain authorities to draft proper economic incentive policy for building energy in Beijing.


The optical performance of the solar thermal power device has an important influence on its total working efficiency. In this paper, the Monte Carlo ray trace method is used to simulate the optical performance of the designed solar air compressor system. In order to analyze the energy density distribution on the receiver and the optical efficiency of the solar air compressor, the geometrical model of the main optical components including the point-focusing Fresnel lens, quartz glass window, and heating pipe have been built using Tracepro software. The results show that the energy density distribution on the interior surfaces of the heating pipe is extremely non-uniform. What's more, when the length of the heat absorption tube is increased, the diameter of the light hole is reduced, and the absorption rate of the heat pipe inner surface is increased, the optical efficiency of the system and the light-to-heat conversion performance will be improved.


23-year old Rnita Dacho couldn't have timed it better. Having fled Syria with her family and spent months in limbo in Lebanon, she touched down in her ...


In recent years,highway construction has developed rapidly in China.The road foundation engineering construction is unceasingly thorough,and each slope stability becomes a big difficult problem in the foundation engineering construction.One of the important basis of slope design process is the engineering geologic condition,and the investigation of slope engineering geologic structure is especially important.But to the limit of the external condition,it is difficult to get accurate engineering geologic data in the complex geological condition or the bad construction condition.Using routine geologic drilling method often constructs difficultly with the problem of great investment and limited control area.Ground penetrating radar(GPR),a new device for high-resolution nondestructive testing,is used in highway engineering increasingly.On the basis of elaborating the GPR method principle and the earth physics characteristic,taking the slope engineering geologic survey of the Jiangsu Yixing segment expressway as an example,application of the GPR technique in the slope engineering geologic survey is introduced.


A 4 year old Graded Murrah Buffalo heifer was presented with extensive lacerated wound on upper lip and nostril on right side that occurred due to an accident. It showed excessive salivation, restlessness, presence of blood clots. The animal was examined thoroughly and prepared for surgery. Reconstructive surgery of upper lip and cheek was carried out under mental nerve block and linear block using Lignocaine hydrochloride. Good surgical technique and effective post operative management made the case successful recovery.


The eects of wind-generated surface gravity waves on more slowly evolving long waves, currents and material distributions in stratied coastal waters are investigated using the wave-averaged, asymptotic equations developed in McWilliams et al. (2004), based on small wave slope and on scale separations in both time and horizontal space. Excluding non-conservative eects such as wave breaking, the lowest order radiation stress, introduced by Longuet-Higgins & Stewart (1960) and Hasselmann (1971), can be completely characterized in terms of wave set-up, forcing of long (infra-gravity) waves and an Eulerian current whose divergence cancels that of the primary waves' Stokes drift. The vortex force of Craik & Leibovich (1976) and its generalization for inhomogeneous waves and Earth's rotation are shown to be the dominant wave-averaged eects on currents, and these eects can occur at higher order than the apparent leading order for the radiation stress. The leading-order, wave-averaged dynamical eects are completed with material advection by Stokes drift, modied pressure-continuity and kinematic surface boundary conditions, and parameterized representations of wave generation by the wind and breaking near the shoreline.


The article aims to present the results of the preliminary study, defining the premises of the concept of creating a model of logistic management in conditions of uncertainty. The focus group interviews (FGI) determined the premises for building the concept of logistics management in conditions of uncertainty, and then a catalog of methods for building this model was selected. The results allowed to make general conclusions that the model of logistic management in uncertainty is possible to develop, which in turn allows setting the target for the proper research.


Modern cognitive science of language concerns itself with (at least) two fundamental questions: how do humans learn language? —the learning problem —and why do the world's languages exhibit some properties and not others? —the typology problem. In this dissertation, I attempt to link these two questions by looking at the lexicon, the set of word-forms and their associated meanings, and ask why do lexicons look the way they are? And can the properties exhibited by the lexicon be (in part) explained by the way children learn their language? One striking observation is that the set of words in a given language is highly ambiguous and confusable. Words may have multiple senses (e.g., homonymy, polysemy) and are represented by an arrangement of a finite set of sounds that potentially increase their confusability (e.g., minimal pairs). Lexicons bearing such properties present a problem for children learning their language who seem to have difficulty learning similar sounding words and resist learning words having multiple meanings. Using lexical models and experimental methods in toddlers and adults, I present quantitative evidence that lexicons are, indeed, more confusable than what would be expected by chance alone. I then present empirical evidence suggesting that toddlers have the tools to bypass these problems given that ambiguous or confusable words are constrained to appear in distinct context. Finally, I submit that the study of ambiguous words reveal factors that were currently missing from current accounts of word learning. Taken together this research suggests that ambiguous and confusable words, while present in the language, may be restricted in their distribution in the lexicon and that these restrictions reflect (in part) how children learn languages.


CHAIRMAN: It is with very great pleasure that we welcome here tonight, members of the South African Chemical Institute. It is a great pleasure to us to be associated in this way with the Durban section of the Chemical Institute. The research consciousness that we spoke about yesterday, of the Industry which we hope to develop in the future, will assist in our many probIems.and render our Association muchmore interesting to outside Chemists. Tonight, we have a paper by Mr. Beater, on the "Determination of Phosphorus by the Coeruleo Molybdate Reaction." At first, I thought this paper did not cover sufficient field for an adequate discussion, but I think if we open the discussion on Phosphorus in general, both in its relation to soils and to the Sugar Industry, we should have a very interesting discussion. I will now ask Mr. Beater to re~Q his paper.


Most scholarly and popular writings portray Hamas as either extremist or anti- systemic and as a threat to democracy. Expected utility theory assumes that voters will reward centrist parties because voters are risk-averse, while prospect theory expects extremist parties to be supported by voters since they tend to become risk-takers when in loss. After contrasting Hamas's ideological distance from other Palestinian political parties, I argue that the secret of Hamas's electoral success in 2006 lies not in its extremism but in its ideological centrist domestic message, consistent with expected utility theory. Palestinian voters supported what they saw as a centrist Hamas although it was viewed as extremist in the West. More importantly, the participation of Hamas in the democratic process has moderated its domestic and foreign policies, while its exclusion has destabilizing and radicalizing effects.


Politicians and policy-makers from more than 150 countries meet in Kyoto, Japan, this month to set legally binding targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The cuts wills be needed to offset global warming, which scientists believe has already caused the Earth's mean surface temperature to rise by 0.3–0.6°C since the late 19th century. They warn that if no action is taken, the planer will warm by a further 1–3.5°C by 2100. This could reduce biological diversity, spread disease and play havoc with agriculture. Rising sea-levels could also submerge islands and low-lying coastal areas.


ABSTRACT Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer and questioning (LGBTQ) discrimination continues to be common on college campuses. While a number of studies have examined blatant victimization among students, little attention has been given to LGBTQ microaggressions. In this study, we examine both blatant victimization and microaggressions and their association with psychological distress among LGBTQ college students (N = 497) and look at whether gender identity moderates these relationships. Both forms of discrimination are associated with lower self-esteem and greater stress and anxiety. Victimization is more negatively associated with self-esteem among trans* students. Our findings emphasize the importance of addressing both blatant and subtle forms of discrimination targeting LGBTQ college students.


When creating benchmarks for satisfiability (SAT) solvers, we need Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF) instances that are easy to build but hard to solve. A recent development in the search for such meth...


Counterion condensation of multivalent, charged spin probes to highly charged cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes is characterized by CW and FT EPR spectroscopy. Line broadening and deviation from Lorentzian line shape in the EPR spectra of the spin probes are observed upon addition of the polyelectrolyte. These effects are due to dynamic electrostatic attachment of the counterions with exchange between the condensed and free states on a subnanosecond time scale. The spectral changes can be separated into a contribution due to slowdown of rotational dynamics and a contribution due to enhanced spin exchange. A drastic increase of the spin-exchange contribution is observed upon increasing the concentration of two anionic spin probes in aqueous solutions of the cationic polyelectrolyte poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), PDADMAC. This can be traced back to a counterion-induced chain collapse which is, however, not observed in mixtures of water with organic solvents of either higher (N-methylpropionamid...


Dazai Osamu's December 8 was issued at Fujinkouron, 27 (2) in February 1, 1942. As the name of the work, the content is about a woman in Tokyo who narrated down all things and mood that happened in the day of the outbreak of the Pacific War on December 8, 1941 in her diary. Yet, in this work, the husband is a novelist and his daughter was called Sonoko, the same name with Dazai Osamu's daughter. Therefore, the husband in the work is considered a Dazai Osamu himself and the woman who wrote the diary is considered as Tsushima Mitiko, Dazai Osamu's wife. So, this work is an important work when discussing about Dazai Osamu's writing position and whether cooperating with empire writing in the period of war. Indisputably, the author Dazai Osamu deliberately creates a character like himself in the work definitely has its own purpose; but we cannot over-interpret the husband is Dazai Osamu. Therefore, when discussing about the husband's personality, we should cut off the connection with the author. That is, before making a judgment about Dazai Osamu's posit ion is "artistic resistance" or "pandering to the current affairs" in the war period, analyzing the husband's personality in detail is important. This paper would analyze the woman, the narrator, and focus on the husband's behavior at the same time; try to find out new reading viewpoint for the book through prudential analysis.


The current extensive programs on antitumor chemotherapeutic screening and drug evaluation are conducted mainly in rodents with transplantable tumors (7, l l , 13, 14, 19, ~4, ~6, 43, 45, 46, 48, 56, 57, 60-65, 67, 7~, 75, 78, 84-91, 94, 99). Additional programs are being conducted with spontaneous and carcinogen-induced tumors (1~, 48, 69, 79, 80, 96) and with tissue culture (8, 17, 18, ~1, ~ , 47, 59, 88, 95), microbiological (1, 5, 6, 16, 20, el , e3, 50-53, 55, 77, 8~, 88, 9~), and biochemical (9, 15, 49, 66, 71, 8~) systems, and systems involving development and differentiation (3, 58, 81), etc. Numbers of compounds are passing the screening and evaluation tests and are being introduced into preclinical and clinical pharmacology and into clinical trial. There is considerable interest in the question of how well the screening and evaluation tests may predict clinical usefulness (~tS, 73, 75, 83). Will activity in specific animal tumor systems correlate well with activity in specific types of human tumor systems? Can the animal systems not only detect antitumor activity, but also rate drugs with respect to such activity ? Will the rating of the drugs in the animal systems correlate with the comparative therapeutic evaluation of anti tumor effectiveness in man (10~)? Basic to any at tempt to determine correlation of animal testing and chemotherapeutic effectiveness in humans is the validity of the animal screen or evaluation test itself. What information does the animal screen or test provide? Is it actually evaluating activity in the animal system? Is it appropriately ordering the compounds in terms of relative effectiveness? Are the criteria of measurement of therapeutic effect appropriate? ks the assay system paying sufficient attention to the hosttumor-drug relationship? This basic question is


The invention relates to the field of special processing of aquatic products, and discloses sea sedge spring-roll shrimp and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method is characterized in that cleaned and sterilized raw shrimps are transferred into mixed liquid to be dipped, the time for dipping is controlled, therefore, the nutrient value of the shrimp can be remained, and the shrimp can be tasted fresh and delicious; and elongated shrimps are processed by seasoning while dipping the raw shrimps; and the crushed shrimp prepared by special ratio is rolled together with spring roll wrappers and sea sedge coils, thus obtaining the sea tangle spring-roll shrimp. The sea sedge spring-roll shrimp prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is fresh in shrimp meat, tastes crisp, and is nice in appearance, high in nutrient value, and wide in potential development prospect.


The Panama Canal in the Maritime Development of the Americas The Panama Canal is one of the greatest engineering projects that man has ever undertaken in history. Throughout the period of three hundred years, many ideas concerning the prospect of joining two great oceans, and thus to change the geopolitics of the planet, were presented; many attempts at the implementation of the project and attempts were made, and thus the history of the Panama Canal is a history story of numerous failures leading to an ultimate success. With the opening of the Canal, strategic transformations in the area of politics, economy and trade have taken place world-wide. Directly or indirectly related to the opening of the Canal was also the significant shift of attention in the international approach to the regulation of the principles concerning the use waterways, which led to agreements and treaties signed to improve world trade with the view to the advancement of the inter-American and international community.


Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the process and outcomes of worksite wellness committees (WWCs) implementing worksite health promotion programs at PPG Industries, Inc. Methods: We developed two unique tools to understand how WWCs function and to assess their program implementation. We then analyzed survey data from 65 PPG worksites, measuring process and program implementation. Results: Worksites that scored higher on the process indicator had more robust program implementation. Conclusions: The WWCs need increased attention from researchers and evaluators. Employers should consider administering worksite health promotion structural assessments to identify gaps in management support and program implementation that may influence program effectiveness.


Components of the growth and life history of the red alga Rhodomela larix (Turner) C. Agardh were studied during an 18-month period at a high intertidal and a low intertidal site on the central Ore...


Understanding how people learn requires that we consider how moments fit together: the actions learners take, the conversations they engage in, and the representations that they use. The goal of this article is to describe a data visualization technique in the context of a specific research project involving a computer-supported complex system modeling environment. The goal of this project was to understand the relationship between the students' epistemic practices of science inquiry, collaborative processes, and the content of what they were learning as indicated by their structure-behavior-function reasoning. To accomplish this research goal, we used the Chronologically-oriented Representation for Discourse and Tool-related activity (CORDTRA diagrams) technique to conduct a contrasting case analysis. The discourse of two groups was coded for collaborative activity, epistemic practices, and the mention of structures, behaviors, and functions. These three coding schemes were juxtaposed on a single timeline in a CORDTRA diagram. The analysis of the CORDTRA diagrams provided some suggestions for how different patterns of activities may be more or less indicative of productive engagement. This case study provides an example of CORDTRA in use, but it can be used more generally to integrate across multiple sources of data and multiple coding schemes as well as allowing researchers to study sequential activity at both large and small grain sizes. We argue that, in comparison to other techniques, this kind of representation can be a powerful way of understanding complex technology-mediated learning environments.


The fundamental equation for the voltage and current in the transmission-line with distributed sources can be converted into the state equation in the operator domain by using the Laplace transform. The general. solution of this equation contains the initial condition, which can be specified arbitrarily. This paper presents a method in which the arbitrary condition is specified by numerically solving the system of equations derived from the boundary condition of the transmission line. By applying the inverse transform to the solution for the voltage and current of the transmission line obtained in the operator domain, the steady-state and the transient solutions in the time-domain can be determined. As the inverse transform, ac analysis is applied for steady state, and the numerical Laplace transform is used for transient analysis. As an application example, the steady-state and the transient analysis are performed for the transmission line being affected by the external electromagnetic field. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by comparing the result with the result of other methods.


There are two modes of protection tripping in smart substation,including point-to-point tripping and network tripping.These two modes of protection tripping have different features: the point-to-point tripping transmission does not depend on the network,but has more light ports and melting points;the network tripping is realized through switches and has less light ports and melting points.Different views exist on which tripping modes should be adopted.An overview of the point-to-point-tripping mode features are provided in the paper.The reliability of the network-tripping is analyzed in terms of anti-electromagnetic-interference,inhibiting network storm and the high load processing capability of switches.A theoretic analysis is made on the message transmission delay of the standard IEC 61850 and the real-time nature of the network tripping is demonstrated.A testing of an experimental substation shows that the network delay is smaller than the point-to-point delay and meets the speediness requirements of relay protection tripping.


Private enterprise is rapidly taking hold as the world's dominant economic paradigm, but business scandals, environmental degradation, and rampant poverty are stark reminders that business alone - unregulated and unsupervised - will not solve the world's problems. Using a unique market-based approach and a socially inclusive definition of wealth, Corporations and the Public Interest offers a refreshing new system for assessing corporations' real commitment to the public. Steven Lydenberg's plan includes strategies for steering companies in socially responsible directions and imposing costs on those that neglect their responsibilities to the community.


In accordance with Japan criminal law,the right of self-defense is the right for civilians acting on their own behalf to engage in violence for the sake of defending one's own life or the lives of others,including the use of deadly force.In Japan,there has always been controversy over the proper application of justifiable defense.By listing issues involved in Supreme Court cases in recent years,the paper introduces and illustrates the new trends of self-defense in Japan.


1,2-Bis(phenylseleno)benzene reacted with equimolar amount of bromine to yield a trigonal bipyramidal (TB) adduct, in contrast to the molecular complex (MC) structure of selenanthrene with bromine. Whereas the structure of 1,4-(PhSeBr2)2C6H4 was (TB, TB) at the two selenium atoms, that of the 1,2-derivative was demonstrated to be (TB, MC), the first example of an MC structure of PhSeC6H4Y with Br2 [Y = 2-PhBr2Se(TB)]. Both electronic and steric effects of the group must play an important role in MC formation. Rapid structural exchange in this tetrabromide, (TB, MC) ⇄ (MC, TB), was also observed.


While the restoring ancient thoughts developed, there was a tendency that the writings styles of south north were mingled in the middle period of Ming Dynasty. Xu Zhenqing was the key figure in the process. Based on his early literary ideas, he mingled the restoring ancient thoughts, strengthened the aesthetic formation, and pursued the beauty magnificence's style. So his literary creation not only had his own characteristics, but also embodied the mingling styles of south north. He enlightened the literary development in the later period and so he became the precursor in the process of the mingling styles of southern northern regions.


Although adoption is a widespread phenomenon in the United States, little research has examined the effects on biological siblings. This article uses two representative datasets to compare educational attainments of individuals who grew up with an adopted sibling and those that did not. We find large heterogeneity (based on sex, family income, and cohort) in the outcomes of those with an adopted sibling. Brothers appear more influenced than sisters. For brothers, we find that family income moderates differential associations, where males from low-income families have lower education if they have an adopted sibling, but males from higher-income families do not. Our results have implications for our understanding of family dynamics as well as how sex shapes educational attainments of children.


Background: The city of Sao Caetano do Sul, Brazil, established a web-based platform to provide primary care to suspected COVID-19 patients, integrating clinical and demographic data and sample metadata. Here we describe lineage-specific spatiotemporal dynamics of infections, clinical symptoms, and disease severity during the first year of the epidemic. Methods: We selected and sequenced 879 PCR+ swab samples (8% of all reported cases), obtaining a spatially and temporally representative set of sequences. Daily lineage-specific prevalence was estimating using a moving-window approach, allowing inference of cumulative cases and symptom probability stratified by lineage using integrated data from the platform. Results: Most infections were caused by B.1.1.28 (41.3%), followed by Gamma (31.7%), Zeta (9.6%) and B1.1.33 (9.0%). Gamma and Zeta were associated with larger prevalence of dyspnoea (respectively 81.3% and 78.5%) and persistent fever (84.7% and 61.1%) compared to B.1.1.28 and B.1.1.33. Ageusia, anosmia, and coryza were respectively 18.9%, 20.3% and 17.8% less commonly caused by Gamma, while altered mental status was 108.9% more common in Zeta. Case incidence was spatially heterogeneous and larger in poorer and younger districts. Discussion: Our study demonstrates that Gamma was associated with more severe disease, emphasising the role of its increased disease severity in the heightened mortality levels in Brazil.


Initially we must begin by saying that teaching the truths of God in other cultures has been a constant challenge for the Christian church from its beginnings. From Palestine to Asia, Europe and then to the whole world, the message of the Gospel has always had a missional character. Samuel Escobar, a distinguished Latin American theologian, emphasized this when he wrote, "there is something that makes the Christian message move and go from one culture to another. It's fundamental character is that possibility of being translated, "it's translatability"1. It is a message that is "translatable", and because of that the Christian message has been presented in an incredible variety of cultures.


Considering a quadratic anharnionic model Hamiltonian and using double time temperature dependent Green's Function method and Dyson's equation treatment, expressions for the width in the frequency response for mixed perovskite type ferroelectrics have been obtained. Using the experimentally observed dielectric constant and loss tangent for Na 1 - x K x NbO 3 [where x = 0, 0.4, 0.5], the temperature dependence of soft mode width in these samples at 10 and 100 kHz has been calculated. Anomaly has been observed in the behaviour of soft mode width, near the transition temperatures in these compounds.


The object of the present paper is to study generalized Sasakianspace-forms satisfying certain curvature conditions on W7 curvature tensor. In this paper, we study W7 semisymmetric, W7 ‡at, generalized Sasakian-space-forms satisfying G:S = 0;W7 ‡at. Also satisfying G:P = 0; G: e C = 0; G:R = 0: 1. Introduction In 2011, M.M. Tripathi and P. Gupta [8] introduced and explored curvature tensor in semi -Riemannian manifolds. They gave properties and some identities of curvature tensor. They de…ned W7 curvature tensor of type (0; 4) for (2n + 1) dimensional Riemannian manifold, as (1.1) W7(X;Y; Z; U) = R(X;Y; Z; U) 1 2n fS(Y; Z)g(X;U) g(Y; Z)S(X;U)g where R and S denote the Riemannian curvature tensor of type (0; 4) de…ned by `R(X;Y; Z; U) = g(R(X;Y )Z;U) and the Ricci tensor of type (0; 2) respectively. The curvature tensor de…ned by (1:1) is known as W7 curvature tensor. A manifold whose W7 curvature tensor vanishes at every point of the manifold is called W7 ‡at manifold. They also de…ned conservative semi Riemannian manifolds and gave necessary and su¢ cient condition for semi Riemannian manifolds to be conservative. A. Sarkar and U.C. De [1] studied some curvature properties of generalized Sasakian-space-forms. C. Özgür and M.M. Tripathi [2] have given results on about P-Sasakian manifolds satisfying certain conditions on concircular curvature tensor. In [3] C. Özgür studied conformally ‡at LPSasakian manifolds. J.L. Cabrerizo and et al have given results in [7] about the structure of a class of K-contact manifolds. In di¤erential geometry, the curvature of a Riemannian manifold (M; g) plays a fundamental role as well known, the sectional curvature of a manifold determine the curvature tensor R completely. A Riemannian manifold with constant sectional curvature c is called a real-space form and its curvature tensor is given by the equation R(X;Y )Z = cfg(Y;Z)X g(X;Z)Y g for any vector …elds X; Y; Z on M . Models for these spaces are the Euclidean space (c = 0), the sphere (c > 0) and the Hyperbolic space (c < 0): 2000 Mathematics Subject Classi…cation. 53C25, 53D15. Key words and phrases. Generalized Sasakian-space form, W7 curvature tensor, Concircular curvature tensor,Projective curvature tensor, Ricci tensor, Eienstien Manifold, scalar curvature. 1 2 SHYAM KISHOR AND PUSHPENDRA VERMA A similar situation can be found in the study of complex manifolds from a Riemannian point of view. If (M;J; g) is a Kaehler manifold with constant holomorphic sectional curvature K(X ^JX) = c; then it is said to be a complex space form and it is well known that its curvature tensor satis…es the equation R(X;Y )Z = c 4 fg(Y;Z)X g(X;Z)Y + g(X; JZ)JY g(Y; JZ)JX +2g(X; JY )JZg for any vector …elds X;Y; Z onM: These models are C; CP and CH depending on c = 0; c > 0 and c < 0 respectively. On the other hand, Sasakian-space-forms play a similar role in contact metric geometry. For such a manifold, the curvature tensor is given by R(X;Y )Z = ( c+ 3 4 )fg(Y;Z)X g(X;Z)Y g +( c 1 4 )fg(X; Z) Y g(Y; Z) X + 2g(X; Y ) Z + (X) (Z)Y (Y ) (Z)X + g(X;Z) (Y ) g(Y; Z) (X) g for any vector …elds X;Y; Z on M . These spaces can also be modeled depending on cases c > 3; c = 3 and c < 3:It is known that any three-dimensional ( ; ) trans Sasakian manifold with ; depending on is a generalized Sasakianspace-forms [9]. Alegre et al. give results in [11] about B.Y. Chen's inequality on submanifolds of generalized complex space-forms and generalized Sasakian-spaceforms. Al. Ghefari et al. analyse the CR submanifolds of generalized Sasakianspace-forms [12; 13]:Sreenivasa. G.T. Venkatesha and Bagewadi C.S. [14] have some results on (LCS)2n+1 Manifolds. S. K. Yadav, P.K. Dwivedi and D. Suthar [15] studied (LCS)2n+1 Manifolds satisfying certain conditions on the concircular curvature tensor. De and Sarakar [16] have studied generalized Sasakian-space-forms regarding projective curvature tensor. Motivated by the above studies, in the present paper, we study ‡atness and symmetric property of generalized Sasakianspace-forms regarding W7 curvature tensor. The present paper is organized as follows:In this paper, we study theW7 curvature tensor of generalized Sasakian-spaceforms with certain conditions. In section 2, some preliminary results are recalled. In section 3, we study W7 semisymmetric generalized Sasakian-space-forms. Section 4 deals with W7 ‡at generalized Sasakian-space-forms. Generalized Sasakianspace-forms satisfying G:S = 0 are studied in section 5. In section 6, W7 flat generalized Sasakian-space-forms are studied. Section 7 is devoted to study of generalized Sasakian-space-forms satisfying G:P = 0: In section 8 contains generalized Sasakian-space-forms satisfying G: e C = 0: The last section contains generalized Sasakian-space-forms satisfying G:R = 0: 2. Preliminary An odd dimensional di¤erentiable manifold M of di¤erentiability class C, there exists a vector valued real linear function , a 1-form ; associated vector …eld and the Riemannian metric g satisfying (2.1) (X) = X + (X) ; ( ) = 0 ON W7 CURVATURE TENSOR OF GENERALIZED SASAKIAN-SPACE-FORMS 3 (2.2) ( ) = 1; g(X; ) = (X); ( X) = 0 (2.3) g( X; Y ) = g(X;Y ) (X) (Y ) for arbitary vector …eldsX and Y , then (M; g) is said to be an almost contact metric manifold [5], and the structure ( ; ; ; g) is called an almost contact metric structure to M. In view of (2:1), (2:2) and (2:3), we have (2.4) g( X;Y ) = g(X; Y ); g( X;X) = 0 (2.5) rX (Y ) = g(rX ; Y ) Again we know [10] that in a (2n+1) dimensional generalized Sasakian-spaceforms, we have R(X;Y )Z = f1fg(Y; Z)X g(X;Z)Y g +f2fg(X; Z) Y g(Y; Z) X + 2g(X; Y ) Zg +f3f (X) (Z)Y (Y ) (Z)X + g(X;Z) (Y ) g(Y; Z) (X) g (2.6) for any vector …eld X;Y; Z on M; where R denotes the curvature tensor of M and f1; f2; f3 are smooth functions on the manifold. The Ricci tensor S and the scalar curvature r of the manifold of dimension (2n+ 1) are respectively, given by (2.7) S(X;Y ) = (2nf1 + 3f2 f3)g(X;Y ) (3f2 + (2n 1)f3) (X) (Y ) (2.8) QX = (2nf1 + 3f2 f3)X (3f2 + (2n 1)f3) (X) (2.9) r = 2n(2n+ 1)f1 + 6nf2 4nf3 Also for a generalized Sasakian-space-forms, we have (2.10) R(X;Y ) = (f1 f3)f (Y )X (X)Y g (2.11) R( ;X)Y = R(X; )Y = (f1 f3)fg(X;Y ) (Y )Xg (2.12) (R(X;Y )Z) = (f1 f3)fg(Y; Z) (X) g(X;Z) (Y )g (2.13) S(X; ) = 2n(f1 f3) (X) (2.14) Q = 2n(f1 f3) 4 SHYAM KISHOR AND PUSHPENDRA VERMA where Q is the Ricci Operator, i.e. (2.15) g(QX;Y ) = S(X;Y ) For a (2n+1) dimensional (n > 1) Almost Contact Metric, theW7 curvature tensor G is given by (2.16) G(X;Y )Z = R(X;Y )Z 1 2n fS(Y; Z)X g(Y; Z)QXg the W7 curvature tensor G in a generalized Sasakia-space-forms satis…es (2.17) G(X;Y ) = (f1 f3)[ (Y )X (X)Y ] 1 2n (3f2+(2n 1)f3)[ (X) (Y ) (Y )X] (2.18) G(X; ) = 1 2n (2nf1 + 3f2 f3)fX (X) g (2.19) G( ; Y ) = (f1 f3)f (Y ) Y g (2.20) G( ;X)Y = (f1 f3)f2g(X;Y ) (Y )Xg 1 2n S(X;Y ) (G(X;Y )Z) = (f1 f3)f (X)g(Y; Z) (Y )g(X;Z)g 1 2n (3f2 + (2n 1)f3)fg(Y;Z) (X) (X) (Y ) (Z)g (2.21) Given an (2n + 1) dimensional Riemannian manifold (M; g), the Concircular curvature tensor e C is given by (2.22) e C(X;Y )Z = R(X;Y )Z r 2n(2n+ 1) fg(Y;Z)X g(X;Z)Y g (2.23) e C( ;X)Y = [f1 f3 r 2n(2n+ 1) ]fg(X;Y ) (Y )Xg and (2.24) ( e C(X;Y )Z) = [f1 f3 r 2n(2n+ 1) ]fg(Y; Z) (X) g(X;Z) (Y )g and Projective curvature tensor is given by (2.25) P (X;Y )Z = R(X;Y )Z 1 2n [S(Y; Z)X S(X;Z)Y ]


Thermoelectric coolers (TECs) are solid-state cooling devices that operate on the Seebeck effect. They can be used in electronics cooling applications as well as other refrigeration systems. Among the various factors that affect TEC performance within a system, it has been shown that the thermal conductance is an important parameter which can also be easily altered during the design of a TEC to deliver optimal TEC performance for a given application. However, these studies have considered only a fixed heat load and heat sink temperature, whereas in many realistic applications these quantities can vary. A procedure has been developed for optimizing the thermal conductance of a TEC based on a typical operating cycle of time-varying heat load and sink temperature, while permitting constraints that ensure that one or more worst-case operating conditions can also be met. This procedure is valid for any arbitrary heat load and sink temperature functions; however, for illustrative purposes, a simple heat load function at fixed sink temperature (and a sink temperature function at fixed heat load) are used. The results show that the optimal conductance can strongly depend on the operating cycle, and the corresponding reduction in electrical input work (and corresponding increase in net COP) can be significant.Copyright © 2013 by United Technologies Corporation


I was interested to read the results of the research undertaken by Briggs et al. exploring the concerns, coping and electronic holistic needs assessment (eHNA) experience of UK breast cancer survivors. As an oncology specialist nurse and more recently as the CEO of Age UK Camden, I was encouraged that this research was taking place. Although there has been a plethora of breast cancer research, it remains important to continue this area of study as diagnosis and treatment pathways change. In addition, although the number of men diagnosed with breast cancer is remaining stable, the number of women being diagnosed with breast cancer is increasing, with a further 2% rise projected in the UK between 2014–2035 to 210 cases per 100,000 females by 2035 (Cancer Research UK, 2018) resulting in a larger cohort of patients on an already overstretched service. The need to provide the very best care within the resource constraints has never been more important. This research, while focusing on those diagnosed with a breast cancer, will have a relevance beyond this patient group. As new resources and platforms for information gathering, sharing and analysis are developed, this type of research is important in order to understand more fully how they impact on patient and staff behaviour, as well as the capability and usability of the tool itself. The Kings Fund have often been at the forefront of supporting the use of technology; however, they noted that 'technology has the potential to deliver significant savings for the NHS but the service does not have a strong track record in implementing it at scale and needs to get better at assessing the benefits, feasibility and challenges of implementing new technology' (Castle-Clarke, 2018). The scope of the research question seemed broad, and I wonder whether it should have been agreed or stated that the primary focus was on the patient use/experience of the eHNA tool, with secondary information being gathered on the concerns and coping issues raised. It was this aspect of the research that was of most interest to me and I would imagine to many


In this paper, four sense amplifiers using different architectures are designed and manufactured in 180 nm technology and compared in terms of speed, area and precision. First two amplifiers are latch-based, the third is current-sampling-based and the fourth architecture combines the current conveyor with the comparator. The results show that the minimal sensing time is equal to: 4.32 ns, 6.01 ns, 7.33 ns and 13.22 ns for the first, second, third and fourth amplifier, respectively. The achieved precision is equal to: $7.6\,\mu \mathrm {A}$, $7.9\,\mu \mathrm {A}$, $6.~7\,\mu \mathrm {A}$ and $18.4\,\mu \mathrm {A}$, having the areas of the circuit equal to: $156.54\,\mu \mathrm {m}^{2}$, $212.18\,\mu \mathrm {m}^{2}$, $2147.44\,\mu \mathrm {m}^{2}$ and $3755.65\,\mu \mathrm {m}^{2}$, respectively. The manufactured samples were verified experimentally.


We present a new method (MMSE-threshold) for peak/average power reduction. This technique is derived from a constellation shaping algorithm, where the constellation points with lower average energy are selected from a larger set of points. There are multiple choices available to select the points with lower peak energy for a given sequence of data bits, and this flexibility is used to reduce the peak to average power ratio (PAPR). Subsequently, this selection algorithm, which is formulated in terms of a zero-one quadratic problem, is optimized by the semidefinite programming algorithm (SDPA). Simulation results show that the PAPR of SDPA is noticeably better than MMSE-Threshold, while the complexity of MMSE-Threshold is smaller than that of SDPA. MMSE-Threshold is compared with alternative techniques reported in the literature. We show that, while we obtain a PAPR that is similar or better than those of the compared techniques, the complexity of MMSE-Threshold is low. In addition, the MMSE-threshold method results in about 1 dB shaping gain (reduction in the average energy) with less than 1% rate loss for PAPR reduction.


OBJECTIVE
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) intron 4a/b polymorphism is associated with plasma NO concentrations and coronary artery disease/hypertension in various populations. GH deficiency in adulthood predisposes to reduced NO concentrations and premature atherosclerosis. Our aim was to determine whether intron 4a/b polymorphism of eNOS gene influences endothelial function and early atherosclerotic changes in GH-deficient hypopituitary patients.

DESIGN
Thirty-three hypopituitary GH-deficient patients on conventional replacement therapy other than GH and 43 age-, sex-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls were studied in this cross-sectional case-control study.

METHODS
Early atherosclerotic changes were determined by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of brachial artery and carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT). eNOS4a/b polymorphism was detected by PCR.

RESULTS
Hypopituitary patients had significantly higher total/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fat mass and lower IGF-I concentrations compared with controls. IMT was significantly higher in patients (0.777+/-0.23 vs 0.639+/-0.17 mm, P<0.01). No significant difference was observed with respect to FMD measurements. eNOS4a/b genotype frequencies were similar between patients and controls. Patients carrying 'a' allele (a/a and a/b) had significantly higher IMT compared with controls carrying 'a' allele and bb genotype (P<0.05). However, logistic regression analysis revealed that presence of hypopituitarism, age> or =45 years, and BMI> or =27.9 kg/m(2) were significant independent predictors of IMT> or =0.65 mm.

CONCLUSION
No compelling data are evident to suggest that eNOS4a/b polymorphism modifies the atherosclerotic process in GH-deficient situations. A large case-control study is needed to confirm our findings.


The information industry began to use algorithms in its production processes as a result of the generalization of this kind of tools in the large corporations dominating the current digital economy ; and in the areas of content search, social networks or electronic commerce. This research examines the process of gradual implementation of this technology in Spanish cybermedia through the analysis of the four that have the largest number of unique visitors on its website. The aspects related to the application of algorithms in the distribution and generation of content and in the relationship with audiences and advertisers is examined.


An analytic mean squared error formula is derived for transform-based decision-directed channel estimation schemes in general M-ary phase shift keying modulated OFDM systems.


Atmospheric transport pathway of an air mass is an important constraint controlling the chemical properties of the air mass observed at a designated location. Such information could be utilized for understanding observed temporal variabilities in atmospheric concentrations of long-lived chemical compounds, of which sinks and/or sources are related particularly with natural and/or anthropogenic processes in the surface, and as well as for performing inversions to constrain the fluxes of such compounds. The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART provides a useful tool for estimating detailed particle dispersion during atmospheric transport, a significant improvement over traditional "single-line" trajectory models that have been widely used. However, those without a modeling background seeking to create simple back-trajectory maps may find it challenging to optimize FLEXPART for their needs. In this study, we explain how to set up, operate, and optimize FLEXPART for back-trajectory analysis, and also provide automatization programs based on the open-source R language. Discussions include setting up an "AVAILABLE" file (directory of input meteorological fields stored on the computer), creating C-shell scripts for initiating FLEXPART runs and storing the output in directories designated by date, as wells as processing the FLEXPART output to create figures for a back-trajectory "footprint" (potential emission sensitivity within the boundary layer). Step by step instructions are explained for an example case of calculating back trajectories derived for Anmyeon-do, Korea for January 2011. One application is also demonstrated in interpreting observed variabilities in atmospheric CO2 concentration at Anmyeon-do during this period.


Pakistan's first comprehensive renewable energy policy was introduced in 2006. Unfortunately, it could not deliver completely by creating an impact to realization of maximum MW generation capacity. At present, Pakistan is all set to miss the 2021 target of generating 5000 MW from wind energy by falling short of 1266 MW. The reasons behind such strategic failure are discussed in detail in this paper. This implies that we lag far behind in executing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 7 that is "Affordable and Clean Energy". The article highlights the changing energy scenario of Pakistan. Moreover, the status of potential of renewable sources of energy has been discussed as an alternative for sustainable energy development. Pakistan's prospects regarding promotion and utilization of renewable energy are bright with a total renewable energy potential of about 167.7 GW. This potential has not been utilized effectively due to lack of financial stability, renewable energy policy and infrastructure. This study depicts the picture of Pakistan's emerging and rapidly developing wind energy corridor situated in District Thatta of Sindh, Pakistan. A detailed analysis to investigate the true potential of the said corridor by emphasizing all the important aspects – the roles played by various stakeholders like Alternate Energy Development Board, Private Power Infrastructure Board and National Transmission & Dispatch Company Limited.


Commentary to: Evaluating the drug-target relationship between thymidylate synthase expression and tumor response to 5-fluorouracil: Is it time to move forward? Shayna L. Showalter, Timothy N. Showalter, Agnes Witkiewicz, Robert Havens, Eugene P. Kennedy, Tomas Hucl, Scott E. Kern, Charles J. Yeo, Jonathan R. Brody


The arrangement of generation III nuclear power EPR(Europe pressure reactor) conventional island is much different from AP1000,CPR etc.The structure of EPR conventional island is more complex and irregular with many interlayers in it.The finite element analysis of 3Dmodel of main powerhouse steel structure is used to design Taishan Nuclear Power Station.The structural type and design key points of main power-house for EPR conventional island are described so as to provide reference for other similar engineering structural design.


Genomic research based on mouse models has led to major advances in our understanding of disease biology in humans, and it is one of the most widely used mammalian model organisms, due in part to their genetic tractability and the high number of human orthologous genes partitioned into regions of


Family is the first and most important center of education for children. In the family, a child receives the guidance and upbringing of a parent and family environment whose child spends time in daily life. To reach that goal, parents must bring in Islamic values to their children, the values of Islam given by parents in daily life must be accompanied by good practices and examples in the family. Technological developments are now highly qualified, excessive use of excessive resources to make parents smart and creative to introduce the positive benefits of using this tool for their children. To support the person's tasks, create education-based applications to keep children up-to-date with media tools anywhere, anytime. In addition, this application was created with the aim of offering a more attractive educational value to attract interest in children's learning. But with this app does not mean that parents can disable the responsibilities of their children, but parents still have to follow the activities of their child.


Recently the ASL at Tennessee Technological University was donated a GEP50 welder. The welding is done via off line point-to-point teaching. A state of the art robot was needed for research but because money was not available to purchase such an expensive item. It was therefore decided to upgrade the GEP50 control system to make the welder a multitasking robot. The robot has five degrees of freedom can be sufficient to pursue some research in robotics control. The problem was that the control system of the welder is limited to point-to-point control, using off-line teaching. To make the GEP50 a multitasking robot that can be controlled using different control strategies, the existing control system of the welder had to be replaced. The upgrade turned to be a low cost operation. This robot is currently in sue to test different advanced control strategies in the ASL. This work discusses all the steps and tasks undertaken during the upgrade operation. The hardware and software required or the upgrade are provided in this paper. The newly developed control system has been implemented and tested successfully.


Abstract During the tenth century AD, Harald Bluetooth ruled Denmark from the royal seat at Jelling. The two extant Jelling mounds are traditionally associated with Harald's parents, Gorm and Thyra, about whom we know little. Unusually, the name Thyra appears on both Jelling runestones and on several others from the region. If all refer to the same person, she would be commemorated on more runestones than anyone else in Viking-Age Denmark. The authors use 3D-scanning to study rune carving techniques, combined with analyses of orthography and language, concluding that the Jelling 2 and Læborg stones are linked by the hand of the carver Ravnunge-Tue. The results suggest Thyra played a pivotal role in the emergence of the Danish state.


Associated with the rapid development of the electric industry,more and more electrical and electronic equipments(EEE) have come into their end of life stage which led to a huge amount of waste electrical and electronic equipments(WEEE) to be disposed of.The high environmental risk and high recycling value of WEEE has become a concerned problem for the world.Simultaneously,the growth of WEEE in China is fast while the building of WEEE management system is not complete.The WEEE management in developed countries is reviewed including Europe,USA and Japan then the situation of legislation development of WEEE in China is analyzed.With the analysis,the existing problems related to policies,regulations,technology and social economy are pointed out.Concerned with the experience and ideas from developed countries,countermeasures are proposed to improve the China's WEEE management system.


In the present work we have investigated new holographic dark energy with quintessence in the background of Einstein theory of gravitation. Here, we have considered Einstein universe which is filled with new holographic dark energy and dark matter. We have derived some cosmological parameters like Deceleration parameter, EoS parameter, State-finder parameters, and graphically investigated the nature of these parameters. The results are found to be consistent with the accelerating universe. We have analyzed the stability of this model. Also we have graphically investigated ω de - ω' de  plane and explored the thawing and freezing regions. We study the correspondence between the quintessence scalar field models with the new holographic dark energy model in Einstein universe.


This work presents the reconstruction of a Tableaux-based reasoner for Description Logics in Prolog. Tableaux-based reasoning is a preferred style of reasoning about Semantic Web ontologies expressed in Description Logics and OWL. We will present the traditional Tableaux algorithm for Description Logics, discuss some of its properties and investigate options for its implementation. A refined version of the algorithm is developed and a concrete implementation in Prolog, tableaux.pl , is proposed and compared to other implementations, both in terms of design and performance.


MIXED TORIC RESIDUES AND TROPICAL DEGENERATIONS ANDR´AS SZENES AND MICH`ELE VERGNE 0. Introduction This paper is a follow-up to our paper [15], where we prove a conjecture of Batyrev and Materov, the Toric Residue Mirror Conjecture (TRMC). Here we extend our results, and show that they imply a generalization of this conjecture, the Mixed Toric Residue Mirror Conjecture (MTRMC), which is also due to Batyrev and Materov [3]. Roughly, these conjectures state that the generating function of certain intersection numbers of a sequence of toric varieties converges to a rational function, which can be obtained as a finite residue sum on a single toric variety. We first recall the TRMC in some detail. We start with an integral convex polytope Π B in a d-dimensional real vector space t endowed with a lattice of full rank t Z ; we assume that the polytope contains the origin in its interior. Let the sequence B = [β 1 , β 2 ,. .. , β n ] be the set of vertices of this polytope, ordered in an arbitrary fashion. One can associate a d-dimensional polarized toric variety (V B , L B) to this data in the standard fashion [15]. There is another way to obtain toric varieties from this data, which generalizes the mirror duality of polytopes introduced by Batyrev [1]. Consider the sequence A = [α 1 , α 2 ,. .. , α n ], which is the Gale dual of B (cf. §1.3 for the construction). This is a sequence of integral vectors in the dual a * of a certain r = n − d-dimensional vector space a, which is also endowed with a lattice of full rank: a Z ; in this setup the sequence A spans a strictly convex cone Cone(A). The simplicial cones generated by A divide Cone(A) into open chambers. Each chamber corresponds to a d-dimensional orb-ifold toric variety V A (c) (cf. [8]). An integral element α ∈ a * specifies an orbi-line-bundle L α over this variety; denote the first chern class of L α by χ(α) ∈ H 2 (V A (c), Q). For the purposes of this introduction we assume that this correspondence induces the linear isomorphisms


The present application relates to methods of manufacturing a laminate comprising coating at least a portion of at least a first substrate with a last down energy-curable adhesive ink; applying at least a second substrate to the coated portion of the first substrate to form a laminate; and curing the laminate. The present application further relates to adhesive ink compositions comprising at least one acrylate monomer, at least one pigment, at least one wetting agent, and at least one dispersing agent.


Purpose – The research aims to examine how corporate social responsibility (CSR) is contextually understood, in comparison with the definitions proposed in the academic literature.Design/methodology/approach – The research was based on a case study analysis of a local public hospital in France, using semi‐structured interviews with multiple stakeholders exploring the perceived responsibilities of the organisation.Findings – The study findings provide the basis for the development of a model of CSR for the hospital. The findings highlight the importance of senior managers' involvement in stakeholder dialogue, as well as the effect of external influences, on the overall social performance of the hospital.Research limitations/implications – Case‐study replication of health care organisations would refine and allow for generalisations of results. Also the sample of participating stakeholders should be extended to include policy‐makers. The critical area for examination is whether management need to be at the ...


Objective To study the establishment of the database of the skull bone defect after trauma for the research on the three-dimensional measurement and individual reconstruction.Methods Using 3DMSR(3-dimension medicine surface rendering),a computer-based 3D model of the cranial bone defect is created from electron beam CT-data and serves as the basis for the rapid prototyping technology(RP),the individual reconstruction and the establishment of the database.Results Since 1995,a total of 84 patients suffering from the cranial bone defect have been studied on three-dimensional measurement and individual reconstruction modeling,and operated on by autogenous transplant of the out layer of cranial bone,autogenous transplant of the out layer of mandibular bone,MEDPOR,Titanium mesh and individualized titanium-alloy implant.Their databases have been established.Conclusion The establishment of the database of the skull bone defect after trauma is very useful for the research on the individual reconstruction planning.


Most research on multifingered robot control has assumed that the Jacobian matrices from joint space to task space is exactly known. This implies that the locations of contact points, geometry of the object, kinematics of the multifingered robot hands must be exactly known. In this paper, a task-space feedback control problem of multifingered robot hands with uncertain Jacobian matrices is formulated and solved. The stability and robustness of the proposed controllers to the uncertainties in Jacobian matrices are analyzed.


The authors point out that enterprises, government, colleges, research centers and intermediaries are the main participants of regional innovation net work. Tocultivate regional innovation network, we should strengthen communicati on among them, improve operational mechanism, promote functional innovation, which in turnimprove the capability of innovation of the whole regional innovation network. In economic activities, the actors will integratedinto concrete human relationships and the networks. It will promote the increase of industrial clus ter's competitiveness. On the other hand, excessive integration willlead to somenegative effect.