The utility model relates to equipment and system. The utility model relates to a system, the system includes sensor and the signal conditioner who is coupled to the sensor. Signal conditioner eliminates circuit arrangement including the processing circuit device that is coupled to the sensor with the skew. The skew eliminate circuit arrangement including be configured as based on the symbol that comes from signal processing circuit arrangement's output signal export high signal or low signal symbol detector, be coupled to symbol detector's integrator and be coupled to the integrator and the divider of signal processing circuit arrangement's input.


Consider a series system with n repairable components maintained by a single repairman. The following assumptions are made. Component failure and repair times are independent, exponentially distributed, random variables. Component failures can occur even while the system is not functioning and it is possible to reassign the repairman among failed components instantaneously. It is shown that the policy which always assigns the repairman to the failed component with the smallest failure rate among the failed ones maximizes the expected discounted system operation time irrespective of the values of the repair rates and the discount rate


A major challenge associated with using large chemical libraries synthesized on microscopic solid support beads is the rapid discrimination of individual compounds in these libraries. This challenge can be overcome by encoding the beads with 1 mum silica colloidal particles (reporters) that contain specific and identifiable combinations of fluorescent byes. The colored bar code generated on support beads during combinatorial library synthesis can be easily, rapidly, and inexpensively decoded through the use of fluorescence microscopy. All reporters are precoated with polyelectrolytes [poly(acrylic acid), PAA, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate PSSS, polyethylenimine, PEI, and/or poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride), PDADMAC] with the aim of enhancing surface charge, promoting electrostatic attraction to the bead, and facilitating polymer bridging between the bead and reporter for permanent adhesion. As shown in this article, reporters coated with polyelectrolytes clearly outperform uncoated reporters with regard to quantity of attached reporters per bead (54 +/- 23 in 2500 mum(2) area for PEI/PAA coated and 11 +/- 6 for uncoated reporters) and minimization of cross-contamination (1 red reporter in 2500 mum(2) area of green-labeled bead for PEI/PAA coated and 26 +/- 15 red reporters on green-labeled beads for uncoated reporters after 10 days). Examination of various polyelectrolyte systems shows that the magnitude of the xi -potential of polyelectrolyte-coated reporters (-64 mV for PDADMAC/PSSS and -42 mV for PEI/PAA-coated reporters) has no correlation with the number of reporters that adhere to the solid support beads (21 +/- 16 in 2500 mum(2) area for PDADMAC/PSSS and 54 +/- 23 for PEI/PAA-coated reporters). The contribution of polymer bridging to the adhesion has a far greater influence than electrostatic attraction and is demonstrated by modification of the polyelectrolyte multilayers using gamma irradiation of precoated reporters either in aqueous solution or in polyelectrolyte solution.


Submicron particles of chromium, produced by evaporation and condensation at reduced pressure in a helium atmosphere, were entrained in a stream of helium where they were coated with ZrO2. Factors affecting the chromium-particle growth rate were evaporation temperature and inert-gas overpressure. A model of particle growth was formulated which predicted particle sizes which were in reasonable agreement with those produced experimentally. The difference noted by other investigators in particle size resulting from substitution of one inert gas for another is also explained by the model.


Mutual exclusion is typically employed for multiprocess synchronization. However, Massalin and Pu [MP91], and Greenwald and Cheriton [GC96] have implemented complete operating systems using non-blocking synchronization instead of mutual exclusion. Although most operating systems are implemented using procedural languages, both of these systems have significant object-oriented characteristics. We show the interaction of non-blocking synchronization and object-oriented language design for operating systems, and present a proposal for an implementation of the Java programming language with non-blocking synchronization based on functional arrays. We present an experimental plan to run portions of a Java operating system under our system and show the benefits.


In this experimental study, we use different Machine Learning algorithms to decide the quality of the water within the San Antonio River and its tributaries using datasets of previously collected water data from the San Antonio River Authority along with the Kaggle water potability dataset. For each algorithm to work, we used a set of parameters by which to measure the quality of the river water. Out of all the algorithms utilized, we found that random forest and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) were the best at achieving accurate results, with accuracy ratings of 0.6520 and 0.6469, respectively. Using K-means, we were able to find four distinct clusters in the San Antonio River data. The separation of these clusters was low for the parameters used resulting in a silhouette score of 0.229. From this data, we may be able to determine which sections of the main San Antonio River, as well as which tributaries, are acceptable (or healthy enough) for primary contact recreation use.


An analysis of the spin‐Hamiltonian parameters of dipositive Es (Es III) in cubic sites in CaF2 has shown that for this ion, the ratio of crystalline field parameters − B6 / B4 < 0.21; the orbital reduction factor (1 − k) = 0.033 ± 0.005; and the value of the nuclear moment of 253Es is μN = (+)3.62 ± 0.5 nm, where the sign is obtained from the consideration of nuclear systematics.


Case C-428/08, Monsanto Technology [2010] The Biotech Directive does not provide for absolute patent protection of DNA sequences. Protection is subject and restricted to the disclosed function (or purpose) of a gene; if the function is not fulfilled at the time of the alleged infringement the protection is therefore suspended. National law may not depart from the protection conferred by the Directive due to its exhaustive character (author's headnote).


Chromium is an essential mineral for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Results of previous systematic reviews and meta‐analyses of chromium supplementation and metabolic profiles in diabetes have been inconsistent. Recently, several published trials have emerged. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the effects on metabolic profiles and safety of chromium supplementation in diabetes mellitus.


While mapping a streaming (such as multimedia or network packet processing) application onto a specified architecture, an important issue is to determine the input stream rates that can be supported by the architecture for any given mapping. This is subject to typical constraints such as on-chip buffers should not overflow, and specified play out buffers (which feed audio or video devices) should not underflow, so that the quality of the audio/video output is maintained. The main difficulty in this problem arises from the high variability in execution times of stream processing algorithms, coupled with the bursty nature of the streams to be processed. We present a mathematical framework for such a rate analysis for streaming applications, and illustrate its feasibility through a detailed case study of a MPEG-2 decoder application. When integrated into a tool for automated design-space exploration, such an analysis can be used for fast performance evaluation of different stream processing architectures.


The utility model discloses a hydraulic cane-juice squeezer. The hydraulic cane-juice squeezer comprises a frame, a juice squeezing barrel mounted on the frame, a hydraulic power device, an electric control device for controlling the hydraulic power device, and a lower pushing plate mounted on a piston rod of the hydraulic power device, wherein hole slots forming a charge hole are formed in the frame and the juice squeezing barrel; a filter plate with a juice flowing hole is arranged in the juice squeezing barrel; the bottom surfaces and the outer walls of the filter plate and the juice squeezing barrel define a juice receiving cavity; a bagasse outlet and a juice outlet communicated with the juice receiving cavity are arranged on the juice squeezing barrel; the hydraulic power device is mounted at the bottom of the frame; a rod protection sleeve is arranged in the middle of the juice squeezing barrel; the piston rod of the hydraulic power device penetrates through the rod protection sleeve; a top cover plate is mounted at the top end of the frame; and an upper pushing plate matched with the lower pushing plate is connected on the top cover plate. The hydraulic cane-juice squeezer makes full use of cane, increases the juice squeezing rate and the production rate of the cane, and is easy and convenient to operate.


The paper presents an original mobile self-reconfigurable microrobot with wall-climbing ability, which is fabricated by combination of non-silicon surface microfabrication techniques and precision machining techniques. The omni-directional mobile mechanism with magnetic wheels and the novel universal microconnector with automatic connecting/disconnecting mechanism are designed, which are both actuated by MEMS-based electromagnetic micromotors. The mechanical prototype of the microrobot is developed, and its fabrication method is introduced.


To the Editor: Methyl CpG binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) belongs to the histone deacetylase family, which promotes multi-gene expression by inhibiting methylation and participates in the pathological process of various diseases. Apoptosis and inflammatory response are the main mechanisms leading to a variety of immune diseases. MBD2, as an important methylation protein reader, has in recent years been shown to be indispensable in the inflammatory response. This paper summarizes the current understanding of inflammatory MBD2 biology and provides additional direction for the study of inflammatory mechanisms by summarizing the current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of MBD2 in inflammatory diseases and the inflammatory pathways that may regulate dysfunction. PubMed, Embase, and Wanfang Data were searched up to May 2022 with no language restriction for reports onMBD2 in inflammatory pathways, immune cell differentiation, and macrophage polarization, among others. The identified literature showed that MBD2 can produce changes in the inflammatory disease-related cells, and regulate the inflammatory process by affecting the classical inflammatory pathway mitogen-activated protein kinase, the immune cells T helper (Th) cell 17 (Th17), Th1, and Th2 cells, and the macrophage polarization. Therefore, we infer that MBD2 may be an effective therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases, which should aid future research.


56 Background: Eight percent of cancer patients expire in the ICU. There is no association between spending on aggressive end of life (EOL) care and survival outcomes. This aggressive care is also associated with reduced quality of life for patients and families. The National Quality Forum endorses the number of patients admitted to the ICU in the last 30 days of life as a quality of care measure. Our hypothesis is that a significant number of oncology patients suffer avoidable terminal ICU hospitalizations.

METHODS
Using data from the University of Chicago (UCM) Cancer Registry, we identified patients who died in UCM adult ICU's in FY2013. Of the 1,388 oncology deaths, 115 were in the ICU. Of those, 72 were established patients having had at least one visit with a UCM oncologist. A physician from oncology, critical care, and hospital medicine directly reviewed the electronic medical record of each patient from 3 months prior to index hospitalization until death. Using a standardized assessment tool, these physicians then determined whether the terminal hospitalization was clinically avoidable through different medical management. The primary outcome was the proportion of terminal oncology ICU hospitalizations identified as potentially avoidable by two or more reviewers.

RESULTS
Seventy-one percent of this patient population had a solid malignancy and 53% of those had metastatic disease. The ECOG performance status was ≥ 2 prior to admission in 51% of patients. Eighty-two percent had at least one prior hospitalization. During the index hospitalization, 81% were intubated, 39% had resuscitation, and 22% had hemodialysis. Two or more physician reviewers identified 34 (47%) of terminal oncology ICU hospitalizations as clinically avoidable. All three specialty physicians agreed about the avoidability 43% of the time.

CONCLUSIONS
A review of terminal oncology ICU hospitalizations demonstrates that most of these patients had an advanced malignancy and poor clinical status and underwent aggressive EOL interventions. A significant number of these hospitalizations were identified as clinically avoidable by two or more physician reviewers. By identifying avoidable terminal oncology ICU hospitalizations, we can design interventions to prevent them.


The invention discloses a farmland crop growth information networking acquisition system. The farmland crop growth information networking acquisition system comprises N crop growth sensor nodes and an aggregation node, wherein a self-organizing wireless sensor network can be established between the N sensor nodes and the aggregation node through wireless channels; all the sensor nodes transmit the acquired crop growth information to the aggregation node through the self-organizing wireless sensor network; and the aggregation node is deployed in the center of the N sensor nodes, and is used for releasing wireless sensor network management tasks to all monitoring points through the self-organizing wireless sensor network, controlling the operating states of the crop growth sensor nodes, and coordinating all the sensor nodes to transmit and aggregate the acquired data. The invention also provides a building method for the farmland crop growth information networking acquisition system. According to the system and the method, the operating nodes are dynamically managed according to energy consumption models of the sensor nodes, and the crop growth information is acquired for a long time and at low-power consumption rate in farmland open environments.


A vehicle predictive ecocruise control system is developed. It minimizes vehicle fuel consumption levels by utilizing roadway topographic information. The predictive ecocruise control system consists of three components: a fuel consumption module, a powertrain module, and an optimization algorithm. The developed system generates an optimal control plan by using roadway grade information obtained from a high-resolution digital map to control the vehicle speed within a preset speed window in a fuel-saving manner. The performance of the system is tested by simulating a vehicle trip on a section of Interstate 81 in the state of Virginia. The results demonstrate fuel savings up to 15% with execution times within real time.


The paper gave a detailed description and analysis of interview mode to control the collection of quality to create the resources worry of sharing.Nanjing Engineering Institute,for example,segmented Description colleges and universities the traditional interview mode-a single fixed,narrow channels,the amount of information the lack of lag,resulting in a uncoordinated collection of distribution and collection of quality.The formulated a new interview: multi-dimensional dynamic style.Detailed data charts,through quantitative and qualitative analysis,comprehensive evaluation of the current mode of interview is more in line with the Museum of the actual situation,to some extent,achieved the effectiveness of users to "control the quality of recent collections,improved resource construction the worry of sharing.


Introduction: The effects generated by globalization, technological advances, gain in civil and political rights, empowerment of minorities and increase in global risks has made not only changes in the way people see, but also how they face and deal with the new challenges imposed. Within the contemporary society or "second modernization", the flexibilization, neoliberalism and transnationalism have rearranged how people act economically, politically and socially. Body of the essay: The change from the first modernity, characterized by an industrial social order, to the second modernity, was driven by the "reflexive modernization". Many of the nonwanted outcomes from the new process are naturally global and it is not possible to predict, estimate or control their impact. As an effect of the fear and anxiety generated, the "health industry" has adopted strategies to make profits from risk. Another feature of the recent modernity is the "individualization", a social change in which people are responsible to build their own lives, and E n saio Castro RR Implications of Individualization, Risk and Reflexivity for Health and Illness in Contemporaneity 616 __________________________________________________ Revist. Port.: Saúde e Sociedade. 2016; 2(3): 615-622. events are results of personal choices, no longer seen as natural or inevitable. Furthermore, an increasing phenomenon called "inverted quarantine", mass actions of self-protectionism, creates pretended illusions of individual solutions for threatening situations, stopping society to look forward collective solutions. Therefore, it results increase in disparities and social exclusion, also reflecting in the access to a decent public health assistance. Conclusion: the new forms of social interaction in all spheres has imposed a shift in the way of thinking and approaching the recent challenges in health. Descritores: Public Health; Disease; Delivery of Health Care.


In this study, classification of chemical substances and adverse effects of chemical substances on human health in European Union and Turkey are assessed. Method In this study, national and international legislation and practices in the countries of the European Union are reviewed.


A report is given of an increase in urinary delta-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) excretion in patients with cervical carcinoma treated by extracorporeal radiotherapy as well as with radium and telecobalt. It was found, that 16 out of 17 patients showed an increase of 125% (on average) in the elimination of ALA on the seventh day after irradiation. A return to noraml ALA-values was found in nine patients 42 days after radiotherapy whilst in six patients a further increase in ALA elimination occurred in comparison with the values recorded on the seventh post-irradiation day. The possible causes of the lead elimination, indicated by the ALA test, as well as the possibility of lead as an aetiological factor in tumour genesis are discussed.


At present, due to the improper development of Dong villages, the display of residential buildings is unfavorable and the landscape style is not attractive. The cultural connotation of Dong villages has been impacted, and their tourism industry gradually lacks characteristics. It is urgent to tap the characteristic culture in the villages. In view of the problems existing in the cultural tourism of Dong villages, this paper analyzes the cultural characteristics of Dong villages, such as landscape structure and residential style, from the perspective of cultural gene. Combined with the current situation of eight villages of Chengyang in Guangxi, starting from the regional culture, national culture and modern cultural genes of the villages, this paper introduces digital protection and display technology, carries out modern interpretation of their cultural genes, and puts forward the promotion strategy of Dong village cultural tourism industry, so as to better spread and develop Dong characteristic culture.


The invention discloses a power lithium battery pack balancing and managing system based on a Map model, which comprises: a central processor, a charging module, a balancing module, a data collecting module, an electric quantity calculating module, a data display module and a storage communication module, wherein the central processor is respectively connected with the charging module, the balancing module, the data collecting module, the electric quantity calculating module, the data display module and the storage communication module, and the data collecting module is respectively connected with a voltage collecting module, a current collecting module and a temperature collecting module; the invention has the advantages of balancing the charging of batteries better, realizing the protection on a single battery and prolonging the service life of the battery, and reducing energy consumption. In addition, by using a service life accelerating factor and a cycle life forecast, the invention forecasts the service life of a battery more accurately according to the test data under various accelerated conditions.


The journal of Enterprise Information Systems (EIS) was founded in 2007 by Taylor & Francis, selected by the Web of Science Citation Index Expanded in 2008, and included in EI. The research collects 219 papers published in the EIS from 2007 to 2015, and explores valuable information such as the present situation and hotspot trends in the research of the enterprise information systems by extracting and analyzing the keyword of those papers. Finally, we analyze and comment on 9 related papers with considering the trends: enterprise architecture, cloud computing services, ontology and semantic, data science and social networking, enterprise integration and systems science. The research can help relevant scholars to understand EIS research situation, and have a mind to EIS research trends.


A distinction should be made between forgeries or fakes, and reproductions or facsimiles. Reproductions make no pretentions of being originals, whereas forgeries are specifically made to deceive in their close resemblance to the original. Forgeries lack any statement indicating that they are not in fact an original document and the forger attempts to ensure his success by adding an aura of authenticity to the forged document in numerous ways. This note describes a recent experience with a reproduction ofa map offered for sale to the National Map Collection of the Public Archives of Canada. The map in question was not purchased but the lessons learned in the examination led the Collection to seek out and buy another reproduction of the map at a nominal price from a Europeandealer.


This paper studies the function of embroidered Buddha images and how and why they were made during the Tang dynasty when embroidery emerged as a major medium for Buddhist art. More specifically, it focuses on how embroidered Buddha images were ordered to be produced and bestowed on by Tang emperors. As surviving embroidery works are rare, written documents and records provide valuable information for the study of this subject. The popularization of embroidered Buddha images in early Tang was headed by the imperial power. Emperor Taizong, and his successor Gaozong each bestowed a large embroidered image to Shengguangsi 勝光寺 and Cí'ensi 慈恩寺, and ordered to perform ceremonies to honor them. Major Buddhist rituals held in the main street of Chang'an at the time also incorporated several embroidered Buddha images. In the first year of Qianfeng era, during the reign of Emperor Gaozong, a government Buddhist temple was established in each province. Buddha images embroidered in a specific iconography was distributed to each temple, and they were instrumental in establishing a uniform style of Buddhist art throughout the Tang empire. By early- to mid-seventh century, the Tang dynasty brought most of China under its rule, but was still at war with neighboring states. Consequently, colossal bronze statues that required a considerable amount of metal and men's labor were hard to make. Embroidery was an adequate substitute as it was a form of craft that mainly relied on female labor. Initiated by the imperial power, the embroidered Buddha images became popularized and reached its pinnacle during the 8th century.


Purpose: Recommendation for regular Pap test in the past 3 years as a cue to action affects on an increased likelihood of receiving a cervical cancer screening in that period. This study performed to estimate the association with healthcare access, healthcare provider status, and physician recommendation for Pap test in the past 3 years among Korean American women. Method: Korean Health survey was carried out in 2002. These population-based telephone surveys were conducted with Korean American women who resided in Alameda and Santa Clara Counties, California (n=865). We preformed multiple logistic regression analyses to estimate predictors of physician recommendation for Pap test by SAS 8.2. Results: Korean women in two California Counties were 37.9% who received physician recommendation for Pap test in the past 3 years. The predictors on physician recommendation for Pap test in the past 3 years were health insurance coverage, visiting number to doctor in the past year, and healthcare provider status. For healthcare access, no matter who had enrolled in public or private health insurances, the women were more likely to get the recommendation for Pap test from their regular healthcare provider. Particularly, for ethnicity of healthcare provider, the women were more likely to get the recommendation for Pap test from non-Korean female doctors (OR=6.21, 95% CI=2.63, 14.66), Korean male doctors (OR=2.19, 95% CI=1.30, 3.68), and non-Korean male doctors (OR=2.07, 95% CI=1.15, 3.71). Conclusion: (삭제) Effect of healthcare access and healthcare provider status on recommendation for Pap test among Korean American women in two California Counties would contribute to our understanding of developing strategies to promote adherence of Pap test and reduce morbidity and mortality for cervical cancer among Korean American women in the U.S.


The current global financial and economic crisis has been spilling over to the Central and Eastern European coun-tries (CEECs). After several years of economic prosperity in most of these countries, activities of the real economy have slowed down. The crisis has reached the region on two tracks. More difficult and costly access to borrowing (first track) exerts a negative impact on private consumption, especially with regard to demand for durable con-sumer goods, such as cars, on private investment (both in construction and equipment), and, finally, on foreign trade. At the same time, CEE exports are suffering from the recession in the EU 15 (second track), above all in Ger-many, the main trading partner for most of the CEECs. Industrial output and export data both reflect the depth of the economic downturn.


Among poultry scientists there is an increasing interest in model building because models are useful in the investigation of the economic consequences of management decisions and in identifying gap...


Current sensors have been widely used to detect corona discharges,but electromagnetic field may interferes the detection.UV light is observed when discharge occurs.Therefore the phenomenon of the discharge can be detected by using UV sensors.We used the UVTRONR2868 UV-light sensor,which had a narrow spectrum sensitivity of 185~260 nm and was insensitive to visible light,to measure discharge signal.The typical needle-plane electrode model was tested.The factors affecting the results were investigated.Under the same atmosphere and power frequency voltage,the ultraviolet image instrument,the pulse current sensor and UV sensor were simutaneously used to detect the corona discharge.The measured sensitivities of three methods were compared,the number of pulse and quantity of discharge were counted,and the optimum detecting distance was determined based on the tests;The results indicate that the number of pulse corresponds with the intensity of the corona discharge,and The UV sensor method has a higher sensitivity than the normal sensor method.


Many,if not most,trees contain greenish,photosynthetically active chlorenchyma tissue below the outer periderm or rhytidome of branches and even stems.However,not so many people have realized their ecological significance and photosynthetic function.Here,by reviewing previous studies and our own research work,some general conclusions were got as following:(1)Branch(stem)photosynthesis(difference between dark respiration rate and respiration at saturation light regime) was 0~10μmol m-2s-1,while most of the data were ranged from 0.5 μmol m-2s-1 to 3.0 μmol m-2s-1.Although net photosynthetic uptake of CO2 is rarely found,stem internal re-fixation of CO2 in young branches and stems may compensate for the potential respiratory carbon loss.Over 80% of the referenced data shows that this photosynthetic uptake could refix 40%~100% of the respiratory CO2 loss.However,a few studies have scaled up from instantaneous studies to tree or forest level.(2) Not only the photosynthetic carbon-fixation itself,but also photosynthates from canopy leaves strongly affect the respiratory CO2 loss from non-photosynthetic organs.However,there are still discrepant opinions on the functional difference of newly-formed photosynthates and stored photosynthates.(3) Chlorophyll content in barks is generally 80~450 mg m-2,which is lower than those in corresponding leaves(340-620mg m-2).Moreover,the ratio between chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b,chl.a/b for barks is 2.5 in average,which is significantly lower than that of leaves,3.6 in average(p0.0001), indicating shade-environmental acclimation of barks.(4) Traditional view on the function of carotenoids for non-photosynthetic organs is its low light acclimation since the total content at bases of area and dry mass in barks are much lower than that in leaves.However,recent studies have shown that total carotenoids and its componential compounds at a base of chlorophyll fresh mass are much higher than that corresponding leaves.This has proved to be related to the acidified chloroplast stroma by extremely high CO2 concentration in barks.It is suggested that high internal CO2 concentrations in barks impede photosynthesis possibly through acidification of protoplasm and impairment of the pH-dependent high energy state quenching followed by reduction in the efficiency of heat dissipation.(5) Optics for the barks of stems and branches are characterized as that most of light being absorbed and only part of light being reflected and transmitted.About 70% of the data show that transmission is ranged from 5% to 15%,while over 85% show that the transmission is ranged from 0% to 20%.Moreover,vessels,fibres(both xylem and phloem fibres) and tracheids in woody plants can also conduct light efficiently along the axial direction,via their lumina(vessels) or cell walls(fibres and tracheids).Only the spectral region of far-red and near infra-red light is efficiently conducted and transmitted in branches and stems.(6) Although some study on herbal plants showing a C4 feature,many other species,particularly woody branches and stems is unknown.The influences of special microenvironment(extremely high CO2 concentration,increased red to blue photon ratio,and hypoxia) on the photosynthetic machinery need further studies.


We propose a low cost and low intrusive approach to test on line the scheduler of high performance microprocessors. Differently from traditional approaches, it is based on looking for the information redundancy that the scheduler inherently has due to its performed functionality, rather than adding such a redundancy for on line test purposes.


In reference to Hoekelman's study on "What Constitutes Adequate Well-Baby Care," I have concerns about how the study will be interpreted and would like to raise some issues I don't think were adequately covered in the article. My major concern is that people who read this may jump to the conclusion that three well-child visits during the first year are all that are necessary to provide "adequate well-baby care." My own feeling is that Hoekelman's measures do not, in fact, identify important aspects of "adequate well-baby care."


The aim of this study is to conduct a survey of the practice of wushu by people with different impairments in academies, associations and federations in Brazil. Twenty one states affiliated to the Brazilian Wushu Kung fu Confederation (BWKC) took part in this study, filling out a questionnaire with qualitative information of the wushu practice by disabled people. Twenty one states affiliated to the BWKC took part in this study, twelve of which presented occurrence of wushu practice by disabled people, representing 57.1%. From a total of thirty two practitioners with disabilities identified in Brazil, the great majority are physical impairment practitioners (40.6%), followed by practitioners with hearing impairment (34.4%), intellectual impairment (18.7%) and those with visual impairment (6.3%). The practice of wushu in Brazil by disabled people is an indicator that martial arts can be practiced by this public, providing the training programs are adjusted to meet different demands.


Objective Prep1 and Pbx2 are the main homeodomain DNA-binding proteins of the TALE (three amino acid loop extension) family expressed in the thymus. We previously reported reduced Pbx2 expression and defective thymocyte maturation in Prep1 hypomorphic mice. To further investigate the role of this homeodomain DNA-binding protein in T cell development, we generated transgenic mice expressing the N-terminal fragment of Pbx1 (Pbx1NT) under the control of the Lck proximal promoter. Principal Findings Pbx1NT causes Prep1 cytosolic sequestration, abolishes Prep1-dependent DNA-binding activity and results in reduced Pbx2 expression in developing thymocytes. Transgenic thymi reveal increased numbers of CD4− CD8− CD44− (DN3 and DN4) thymocytes, due to a higher frequency of DN2 and DN4 Pbx1NT thymocytes in the S phase. Transgenic thymocytes however do not accumulate at later stages, as revealed by a normal representation of CD4/CD8 double positive and single positive thymocytes, due to a higher rate of apoptotic cell death of DN4 Pbx1NT thymocytes. Conclusion The results obtained by genetic (Prep1 hypomorphic) and functional (Pbx1NT transgenic) inactivation of Prep1 support nonredundant roles for this homeodomain protein during different stages of T cell development.


We demonstrate wide-angle beam-steering using an optical phased array (OPA) with waveguide radiators designed with non-uniform widths to reduce the crosstalk between waveguides. The OPA consists of a silicon based 1 × 16 array of electro-optic phase shifters and end-fire radiators. The 16 radiators were configured with four different widths and a half-wavelength spacing, which can remove the higher-order diffraction patterns in free space. The waveguides showed a low crosstalk of −10.2 dB at a wavelength of 1540 nm. With phase control, the OPA achieved wide beam-steering of over ±80° with a side-lobe suppression of 7.4 dB.


The application of environmentally friendly gases to insulated transmission pipelines could potentially improve the flexibility of transmission line corridors and reduce the environmental impact of such lines. Recently, C3F7CN has been considered as a potential replacement for SF6. The present work assesses the feasibility of applying C3F7CN to high voltage DC transmission lines to attain a lower global warming potential (GWP). The GWP is estimated through calculation of C3F7CN mixtures with other gases and based on the weighted average method. The liquefaction temperature of these mixtures is between 0.4 and 1.2 MPa as determined by combining the Peng- Robinson equation of state with the van der Waals mixing rule. The insulating characteristics of C3F7CN/CO2 mixtures in conjunction with DC voltage in a uniform electric field was also studied. Based on the present research, the viability of C3F7CN/CO2 mixtures was evaluated by examining their heat transfer properties. The results show that, at operating temperatures of -20 and -30 °C, and at a pressure of 0.7 MPa, the maximum allowable mole fractions of C3F7CN in the mixture to avoid condensation is 7.8 and 5.1%, respectively. The insulation characteristics of 4% C3F7CN/96% CO2 and 8% C3F7CN/92% CO2 mixtures at 0.7 MPa is equivalent to that of SF6 gas at 0.5 MPa. The heat-transfer capabilities of 4% C3F7CN/96% CO2 and 8% C3F7CN/92% CO2 mixtures meet the requirements of the GIL temperature rise standard. It is concluded that C3F7CN/CO2 represents an environmentally friendly insulation gas suitable for use in HVDC-GIL equipment.


This paper gives an example of a product definition system for shipbuilding. The implemented system shows how a product definition system works to integrate application systems.


The dynamic range of SIMS depth profiles of high-dose ion implants can often be improved by removing the influence of the highly doped crater walls from the depth profile. This is accomplished either by collapsing the primary beam raster or by using specialized sample preparation techniques such as the mini-chip or dot-etching methods developed by von Criegern et al. The main limitations with the sample preparation techniques are that they are labor and time-intensive and are not applicable to all substrate types. By a simple modification of the raster circuits of an ion microscope, it is possible to generate, by sputtering, a mesa structure that is subsequently profiled under normal conditions. This approach offers a rapid, flexible method of mesa preparation that is amenable to all sample materials. The principal disadvantage with the use of the ion microscope for this analysis is that a significant memory effect can result from the dopant species that are sputtered during the preparation of the mesa structure.


The Preceptor's Handbook for Pharmacists is a comprehensive text that provides a general overview of experiential education. The goal of the book is to provide pharmacists with the requisite tools to develop an introductory or advanced practice rotation. To this end, Cuellar and Ginsburg have assembled a group of distinguished pharmacist preceptors who share their unique perspectives on a variety of topics such as developing lifelong learning habits, liability issues for preceptors, motivating students, continuous quality improvement, and cultural competence. The handbook not only serves as a guide for the novice preceptor, but it also offers new and innovative ideas for the seasoned preceptor as well.

The book is divided into 11 chapters that progress the reader from origins of precepting and mentoring to goals of experiential training, law and ethics in experiential training, the role of the preceptor, developing partnerships with schools, and professionalism. Each chapter is further divided into well-organized sections that provide additional insight on the main topic.

Most of the sections begin with clear objectives, contain easy-to-read tables and figures, and are well referenced. In an effort to summarize the key concepts of each section, the authors have included a Preceptor Pearls tab. This feature is very useful because it not only summarizes the key concepts, but it also provides guidance on how to incorporate the recommendations into practice.

The appendix includes a recent copy of the educational outcomes developed by the Center for the Advancement of Pharmaceutical Education Advisory Panel. These outcomes can serve as a foundation or a guide as the preceptor and the school partner to develop outcome statements for the experiential program.

The handbook has several key strengths. First, the text contains several sections that expound on the necessary skills to become an effective preceptor. The authors intimate that effective preceptors are leaders with good interpersonal skills, who are willing to engage students in active learning. Effective preceptors should also possess great communication skills that involve asking good questions and listening to the student. The second key strength is the section on how to balance precepting responsibilities while meeting employment requirements. In this section the author provides practical advice on how to integrate the pharmacy student into a busy practice. Lastly, the text provides an excellent review of how to deal with difficult students and situations. This section is very important because it accentuates the need for the site and the school to work together to ensure a positive learning experience for the student.

The only limitation of the handbook is that some of the key concepts such as, formative evaluation, are not fully covered in one section, but are discussed throughout the book in various chapters. This may be a concern for new preceptors who are trying to gain a basic understanding of the concept before applying it in different settings. Perhaps in the next edition a section could be devoted to student evaluations that fully addresses formative and summative evaluations.

In summary, the Preceptor's Handbook for Pharmacists is an invaluable resource for training pharmacists who have a sincere desire to precept and mentor student pharmacists. It provides sound instruction on how to design, implement, coordinate, and evaluate an effective experiential program in most practice settings. This book would be appropriate for any college of pharmacy that offers workshops for their preceptors and would be a useful addition to the personal library of the new and most experienced preceptor.


This paper presents a case study utilizing qualitative methods to explore the institutional perceptions underlying the transit planning process. Careful transit planning is necessary for connecting people with their desired destinations, which include employment opportunities, health care, shopping, and recreation; however limited operating budgets, low-density land use, and diverse communities make providing effective, equitable transit service a difficult proposition. Existing research evaluating transit service has focused on spatial variation in service, optimal route and stop location, and service frequency; however these approaches do not attempt to probe the underlying causes for spatial or social variation in transit service. A more thorough understanding of institutional biases, policies, and perceptions is a vital link in the pursuit of equitable transportation. The case study presented in this paper is based on in-depth interviews with transit agency personnel, which seek to identify possible explanations for disparities in transit service. The results suggest that variations in transit service including marketing strategies, frequency of service, and the placement of routes and stops, occur as the result of conscious decisions made based on perceptions of patrons, potential patrons, and the service overall from the perspective of transit planners. These findings contribute broadly to the understanding of transit service provision by viewing it as a dynamic process that occurs at many levels. This approach and the findings presented should be informative to researchers and practitioners interested in understanding transportation accessibility.


Algal bloom is a nonlinear and time-varying process, which brings challenges for the accurate prediction. For the existing mechanism model of algae ignores the external key factors, we propose an algae growth model (AGM) optimized by action dependent heuristic dynamic programming (ADHDP). This model has the structure of information interaction with the outside, which can predict algal bloom with well adaptive ability. In this paper, chlorophyll-a concentration is used as the representative factor of algal bloom. We use ADHDP approach to map the external key factors to the time-varying parameters, so the AGM can be adjusted to realize the self-adaptive prediction with the changes in external environments. Compared with different prediction methods, the simulation result shows that the ADHDP-AGM prediction model can accurately predict the chlorophyll-a concentration under different data distributions. Moreover, the prediction process shows that the time-varying parameters in AGM conform to the evolution trend of chlorophyll-a concentration in fact, which further improves the interpretability of prediction model. It provides a new perspective for building a data-driven prediction model with clear physical significance, and makes the mechanism research and data science further fusion.


This paper considers methods for estimating the mutual time delay of broadband signals recorded by satellites based multi-position systems for determining the location of a radiation source. All methods considered are based on modified algorithms for calculating the ambiguity function. The presented algorithms are based on the extraction of narrowband channels from the studied signals and their further optimal processing. The reliability criterion for mutual time delay estimation by the presented methods was evaluated. Based on the results and analysis of computational efficiency, viability of methods considered and their modifications was determined.


A metallic film bolometer with heat capacity C is in contact with thermal bath and with crystalline specimen and is biased by a constant current I b The thermal contact of the bolometer is characterized by the thermal conductance G. The bolometer operates in the linear regime of dependence of resistance on temperature characterized by a constant a. Experiments which allow one to measure α, C, and G are proposed. The characteristic time r = C/G and characteristic current I m = √G/α affect the effective relaxation rate A of the bolometer resistance R b (t). The knowledge of the power W(t) absorbed by detector allows one to calculate R b (t). The inverse problem of calculation of W(t) from known R b (t) is also solved. The suitable algorithms are proposed. Deconvoluted absorbed power is obtained for experiments performed on GaAs and compared with phonoconductivity signal of two-dimensional electron gas structure as well as with results of Monte Carlo computer experiments.


We report two cases of coronary artery aneurysmal formation as long term consequences of Ho:YAG and excimer laser coronary angioplasty. This case report suggests that pulsed laser angioplasty may result in severe vessel wall damage that may lead ultimately to aneurysmal formation.


4074Background: Advanced HCC is a lethal cancer with a high unmet medical need. Single-agent immunotherapy with PD-L1/PD-1 blockade or treatment (Tx) with anti-angiogenic bevacizumab (bev; anti-VEGF) has shown modest activity in HCC. We hypothesized that the combination of atezolizumab (atezo; anti–PD-L1) + bev results in a greater clinical benefit due to the additional immunomodulatory effects of bev (increased DC maturation, enhanced T-cell infiltration, reduced MDSCs and Tregs in tumors), which create a more favorable tumor microenvironment that potentiates the efficacy of atezo. Methods: Patients (pts) with unresectable or metastatic HCC who were naive to systemic Tx were enrolled in a Phase Ib study cohort (NCT02715531). Pts received atezo (1200 mg) + bev (15 mg/kg) IV every 3 weeks until loss of clinical benefit or unacceptable toxicity. The primary objective was to assess the safety and tolerability of the combination. Secondary efficacy endpoints included ORR, PFS, DOR and time to progression (TTP...


Aim: Evidence suggests chronic whiplash is associated with sensory hypersensitivity. Understanding the degree of sensory impairment could enhance rehabilitation strategies. This preliminary study determined whether differences in sensory evaluation occur post whiplash injury. Methods: Single-blinded, case control observational study using a convenience sample of 20 participants (median age 28.5 years, low disability) with chronic grade II whiplash-associated disorder (CWADII) and 22 control participants (median age 26 years) with no history of whiplash/neck injury. Outcome measures included vibration and cold pain perception threshold, and joint position error. Results: Significant associations using Kendall's tau correlation coefficient were found between: vibration thresholds (thenar and hypothenar eminences) for the CWADII group (p<0.01); cold pain thresholds (thenar, 5th metacarpophalangeal, mid cervical spine) in both groups (p<0.01); joint positioning errors (global positioning following right/left ...


College Students' mental health information resources involve a wide range and a large amount of information, resulting in the time-consuming and laborious query of information and low operation efficiency of the existing information resource integration platform. In order to solve the above problems, a visual integration method of College Students' mental health information based on Fuzzy Grey is designed. The visual integration design of mental health information is carried out based on nonlinear mapping algorithm and off-line chaotic model mapping algorithm, which realizes the collection, screening and integration of information resources. Experiments show that the mental health information resource integration platform based on Fuzzy Grey technology has excellent performance


Arbitration is a private system of justice, made possible by the parties' consent. In the United States, a court's ability to interfere with this private adjudicatory process or to set aside an arbitral award has been severely limited by the United States Federal Arbitration Act. Recently, parties to arbitrations held in the United States have sometimes asked for judicial review of an award for errors of law or fact. The question raised by this is whether the parties have the right to expand the grounds on which a court can review an arbitral award. The answer depends on the proper interpretation of the FAA.This Article will focus on the various policies behind the two different interpretations of the FAA's grounds for review. It concludes that while both positions raise important questions, the better interpretation of the FAA permits expanded judicial review. However, there are a number of pitfalls that parties need to consider before they seek expanded judicial review of arbitral awards.Part II will consider the conflicting circuit court positions regarding the proper scope of judicial review under the FAA, with an analysis of the rationales supporting each position. Part III will then examine domestic enforcement issues which arise when parties have agreed to expanded judicial review, including different approaches which may be taken by state and federal courts. Part IV will consider the complexities of international enforcement of arbitral awards, particularly the tendency of some courts to enforce awards even though they have been vacated in the place where made, and will focus on problems of enforcement internationally when expanded review has been sought. The Article concludes that even though the better legal arguments support expanded judicial review, the practical problems with enforcement of awards subjected to expanded judicial review remain significant.


Acute lung injury (ALI) interferes with lung function by causing pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress. Suppressing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) may block intracellular inflammation. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the roles of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator‐1α (PGC1α)/HSF1 axis in an lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced ALI murine model and in RAW264.7 macrophages. In the LPS‐administrated mouse model, the addition of PGC1α obviously ameliorated secretion of pro‐inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor‐α and Interleukin 6 as well as MCP‐1 expression triggered by LPS stimulation, accompanied with reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells. Meanwhile, introduction of PGC1α strongly diminished the expression of cyclooxygenase‐2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase as well as their products PGE2 and NO. In addition, administering PGC1α also dramatically alleviated LPS‐triggered oxidative stress, as reflected by a reduction of ROS production, and also reduced malondialdehyde and O 2 content, concomitant with enhancement of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Similarly, PGC1α effectively ameliorated LPS‐induced inflammation response and oxidative stress, as exemplified by reduced pro‐inflammatory cytokines and ROS production in LPS‐induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Interestingly, PGC1α modulated the expression of HSF1 and the transcriptional activity of X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP)‐associated factor 1, whereas silencing of HSF1 abolished these effects. More importantly, deletion of HSF1 impeded the anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidant effects of PGC1α in LPS‐induced macrophages. Taken together, PGC1α/HSF1 axis have an anti‐oxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects, indicating that PGC1α/HSF1 may protect against LPS‐induced ALI, and thus may be a promising therapy to treat ALI.


The pterosins were analyzed by ESI-MSn under positive ion models and by UV spectrum.In ESI-MSn,the quasi-molecular ions + of the pterosins take place bond cleavage at C-3 and C-6 substituents,then generate characteristic fragment ion series(m/Z 199,173,171,156,143 or 201,183,173,168,145).In UV spectrum,three characteristics absorption peaks were obviously observed at λmax1(290—330nm),e1(~103L/mol·cm);λmax2(245—270nm),e2(103—104L/mol·cm);λmax3(200—230nm),e3(104—105L/mol·cm),respectively.The ratio of e1,e2 and e3 was about 1∶(3—9)∶(4—20).The ESI-MSn and UV characteristics of pterosins were reported for the first time.Based on these characteristics,the methods for the quickly and on line identification of pterosins were established.


We evaluate the factors associated with an officer's decision to search a driver or vehicle after a routine traffic stop, and we compare the accuracy of these searches by looking at the share leading to arrest. Racial disparities in search rates by race and gender of driver are similar for all types of officers; all tend to search Black male drivers at higher rates than any other demographic. White male officers have higher search rates for all types of drivers. Further, they conduct the greatest share of "fruitless searches" (those not leading to arrest), and these searches are particularly targeted on those drivers with the greatest number of cumulative disadvantages.


In the years 2000 and 2001, almost 800 Internet-based firms went out of business. Consistent with the management literature on organizational failure, factors that contributed to the collapse of dot.com firms were either internal (e.g., poor strategic planning, inexperienced management, inactive board of directors) or external (e.g., lack of available resources and marketplace competition). Short case studies of two recent dot.com closures reveal that they did not fail for any one reason but for a combination of reasons. Not surprisingly, 31 dot.coms that had either gone public or were about to go public before they failed were young, small to medium sized, had never made a profit and were likely to run out of cash in just over a year's time. Contrary to popular belief, the chief executive officers of failed dot.coms were middle- aged and well educated. Boards of failed dot.coms were small and had less outside representation than customary. A majority of failed firms were founded by more than one individual.


Business negotiation is the method for the joiners to reach a same business aim, reduce conflicts for their best profits. In the process of the negotiation, it is important to grasp the price of international commodity, which is contribute to saving deal costs and enhancing the competitions in international market. This article, in the view of theory of game, attempts to set up the negotiation price model of international negotiation and seek an optimal price through organizing and analyzing information and negotiation strategies.


Before the first Opium war in 1840,Qing government closed the country to international intercourse except Guangzhou,so the foreigners were forbidden to travel mainland of China.When the section nine of"Tianjin Treaty"signed with Britain in 1858,the aliens were allowed to travel inland with passport.There was a lot of dispute about the passport for travelling Chinese mainland,such as the content,seal,administration and valid period and so on.In the process of negotiations,China showed its'awareness of law,but passivity also appeared.


Pulmonary hypertension and bloodstream affection are considered to be major factors that determine indication for operation and limit its successful fulfillment among patients with mitral valve failure. This paper aims to develop new systematic approach to radionuclide diagnostics of pulmonary hypertension and to evaluate reserve potential of lesser pulmonary (LP) hemodynamics among patients with mitral valve failure. 35 patients aged 28 to 55 (the average age rate is 45,0/spl plusmn/2,4 years) having II-III stage of mitral stenosis and various pulmonary hypertension intensity have been examined. The evaluation of lesser pulmonary circulation (LPC) potential has been carried out with the application of acute aminophyllin test under direct manometry of the right ventricle of heart and pulmonary artery. Obtained data of pressure direct measurement have been compared with the results of radionuclide angiocardiography (RACG). Comparing the results of direct manometry in the right ventricle of heart (RVH) cavities and pulmonary artery (PA) with parameters calculated on the basis of conducted radionuclide investigations, the notions of scintigraphic index "Crvh/Cpa" (correlation of the evacuation constants from the radiopharmaceutical right ventricle of heart and pulmonary artery, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure.) During the acute pharmacological aminophyllin test direct connection of pressure in pulmonary artery and right ventricle of heart measured by the direct method with the correlation of CRVH/CPA has been detected. Carried out analysis of the obtained data showed that among people with "positive" reaction for aminophyllin early postoperative period passed without any complications with the parameters recovery of a LP hemodynamics. However, among patient shaving no LPC reaction for aminophyllin the residual pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular overload after surgical correction was still present. Suggested method of indirect pressure definition in pulmonary artery using radionuclide angiocardiography allows it objectively and accurately evaluate pulmonary hypertension level among patients with mitral valve failure. The application of acute pharmacological aminophyllin test allows to evaluate the reserve potential of lesser pulmonary circulation among such patients.


Monoamine oxidase (E.C.I.4.3.4) (MAO) oxidatively deaminates the biogenic amines normally present in the organism. The activities of the neurons utilizing these amines i.e. noradrenaline, dopamine ...


This paper discusses the development of the real estate industry after the outbreak of the global financial crisis in Jiangxi Province.Since the financial crisis,the real estate market of Jiangxi has experienced two periods,one is downturn period,from September 2008 to February 2009;the other is rebounded period,from March 2009 till now.This article firstly uses some indicators such as sales of commercial residential building,as-built area,the average price,investment of real estate and its growth to illustrate the changes in the real estate market in Jiangxi Province after the outbreak of the global financial crisis.Then,the reasons why the real estate market gets warm afterwards are analyzed.Finally, the author puts forward some personal advice for the development of Jiangxi real estare.


Objective To extract respiratory wave information from photolethysmography(PPG)signals. Methods Using a clinical multi-parameter physiological monitor,the finger tip PPG signals were acquired synchronously and the respiratory wave was detected by the thoracic impedance method . Then empirical mode decomposition was conducted for the PPG signals , selecting the intrinsic mode function(IMF) with appropriate frequency to carry out correlation analysis together with respiratory-wave signals. Results The respiratory wave directly acquired had a good correlation with that derived from photolethysmography signals by empirical mode decomposition method .Conclusion It is indicated that empirical mode decomposition method can effectively extract the respiratory information contained in PPG signals . This allows for improving the design of medical monitoring devices and is useful in physiological multi-parameter extraction and accurate analysis .


It has been shown that subtle contextual primes produce transient changes in stereotypes (Santos et al., 2012), an effect supposedly caused by both activation of the primed trait and failure of belief monitoring. The present research investigated people's ability to avoid the influence of primes. A first pilot experiment used a subliminal-priming paradigm and replicated the contamination found following subtle supraliminal priming (Santos et al., 2012). Experiment 1 made a previous episode of stereotypic assembling highly accessible, immediately before subliminal priming, and found that the primed information ceased to have an effect. Experiment 2 manipulated the diagnosticity of a previous stereotype-assembling episode for stereotype assessment. When the previous assembling episode was perceived as no longer diagnostic of one's beliefs, contamination occurred. The avoidance of mental contamination depends on the accessiblity of stereotypic beliefs but also on its assumed diagnosticity. The working stereo...


Using root elongation experiment of barley, the suitability of sewage sludge (biosolids) collected from Wuxi Wastewater Treatment Plant for revegetation of copper mine tailings was studied. The results showed that when the biosolids applied at 0 ~ 200 g/kg, the application of biosolids increased the acidity buffering and water holding capacity of the tailings. In the mixture of Tongling tailings and biosolids, the main factor that inhibited barley root elongation was salinity which increased as biosolids increased. In the mixture of Dexing tailings and biosolids, the pH and salinity were significantly correlated with biosolids application rates. The CaCl2-extracted Cu decreased as the organic matter increased. The CaCl2-extracted Zn was sensitive to pH change. When biosolids was applied at 0 ~ 100 g/kg, the root length increased with increasing of pH values and decreasing of Cu concentration. And when biosolids was at 10 ~ 200 g/kg, the root length was inhibited due to the high salinity.


AIM
To determine the prevalence of dental anomalies and its association with gender.

METHODS
This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using radiographs, photographs and clinical records of patients who attended the Department of Orthodontics at the National Dental Centre Singapore. Records of 2508 ethnic Chinese orthodontic patients aged 14-25 years were examined for the prevalence of dental anomalies in the permanent dentition, excluding third molars. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc.). Logistic regression was used to determine the association between gender and the occurrence of various dental anomalies. Kappa coefficients were calculated to test for intra-examiner reproducibility. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS
Prevalence of dental anomalies was 5.7% hyperdontia, 11.1% hypodontia, 5.5% peg-shaped upper lateral incisors, 21.9% impacted teeth, 1.3% transposition and 0.4% double teeth. There was no significant gender difference in the occurrence of the anomalies except hyperdontia, with males having significantly higher odds of hyperdontia compared with females (odds ratio, 1.488; 95% confidence interval, 1.062-2.085; P = 0.021).

CONCLUSION
Occurrence of hyperdontia is greater in males than females, while no significant gender differences were noted for hypodontia, peg-shaped upper lateral incisors, impacted teeth, transposition and double teeth.


From the perspectives of basic information compilation,survey analysis report,development plan and progress report,this paper discusses issues concerning paperwork oriented towards the construction of key disciplines in university libraries.


Photoconduction of elemental black phosphorus has been investigated for the first time in the spectral range from 1.5 µm to 5.5 µm, including its fundamental absorption edge. It has been found that black phosphorus shows a broad spectral response from the absorption edge to the visible region and a linear response to the light intensity, which has a fairly response even at room temperature. These results suggest that black phosphorus can be applicable to IR detecting devices. In addition, the direct allowed transition at the absorption edge was confirmed and its temperature dependence was measured.


The article is devoted to the problem of the influence of corporate culture of the organization on the social efficiency of adaptation of new employees, and pre-adaptation is of particular importance in this process. The author examines the theoretical aspects of this problem, formulates her own definition of the social efficiency of management adaptation of new employees and offers criteria for its evaluation. The article also contains the results of empirical research conducted by the author.


(57) Abstract: The present invention, as compared to the parent enzyme, has been recovered from the N- and / or C- terminus with one or filamentous fungi or bacteria having a plurality of peptide adduct has a lipolytic activity on the modified enzyme. Furthermore, the present invention, DNA sequences encoding the modified enzymes, generating the modified enzyme having a vector comprising the DNA sequence, host cells having said DNA sequence or said vector, and lipolytic activity also it relates to a method for.


Background: The optimal method for cryopreserving immature testicular tissue (ITT) remains unknown and there is no standardized protocol. Controlled slow freezing remains the mainstream method of choice in human prepubertal male fertility preservation. Currently, the outcomes for ITT vitrification are conflicting, and most data are limited to in vitro animal studies.Methods: A total of 12 pairs of donor and recipient mice were included in our experiments. The donors were immature transgenic mice, and the recipients were wild-type male mice. In the vitrification group, ITT was vitrified and thawed before transplantation. In the control group, ITT was transplanted to the recipients immediately. After thawing, we measured the expression of apoptosis-related mRNA caspase-3. More importantly, we monitored to adulthood all the transplanted grafts in vivo using noninvasive bioluminescence imaging (BLI) technology. On day 31, we removed the grafts for evaluation via hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC).Results: We traced the survival of the grafts by in vivo BLI on days 1, 2, 5, 7, and 31 after transplantation. In both the vitrification and the control groups, bioluminescence decreased between days 2 and 5. Subsequently, the bioluminescence showed an upward trend until day 31. Compared with day 1, the bioluminescence was significantly stronger on day 31 after transplantation (P = 0.009). The differences between the two groups were constantly insignificant after analysis. These results indicate that both fresh and frozen–thawed testicular tissues can survive for at least 31 days after transplantation. Moreover, the vitrification group showed BLI signals comparable with those of fresh tissues. Compared with the control group, expression of the caspase-3 gene was significantly increased after vitrification (P = 0.04). Histology and IHC showed that both tissue structure and protein expression were intact in both groups.Conclusions: Transplanted vitrified ITT grafts could survive till adulthood with BLI intensity comparable to that of the fresh control. Intact cells and structures for spermatogenesis in vitrified ITT grafts were as well-preserved as those in the control group. This translational model of self-repairing vitrified ITT grafts in vivo, lends weight to the role of vitrification in prepubertal male fertility preservation.


The demand for physical model tests with real vegetation is increasing due to the current trend to elucidate the performance and durability of green coastal infrastructures to ensure and promote ecosystem services. To address this demand, a new outdoor wave basin (OWB) was built in August 2017 at the Ludwig-Franzius-Institute in Hannover, Germany. This paper reviews the general characteristics and the ongoing development of the new OWB. First insights into the long-term development of the ecosystem services of different grass revetments are discussed in terms of their ecological value and safety standards of sea dikes. Focus is placed on the resistance and ecological value of different grass mixtures that are typically applied on sea dikes situated along the North Sea. Further research concepts are briefly described to highlight how experiments in the new OWB may contribute to the current understanding and design recommendations of green coastal infrastructures. The operation of the OWB enables the performance of long-term experiments over seasonal growth stages of coastal vegetation using either fresh or seawater with wave load stresses and varying sea water levels. The first conducted experiments with different grass revetment combinations mimic typical storm surge conditions with a constant wave load (with a duration of up to 10 hours every second week) on a natural dike.


This research aims to address one of the SADC regional indicative strategic plans (RISDP) and one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) objectives of reducing inequality in the face of increased trade openness. The paper uses the pooled mean group (PMG) estimation technique to examine the effect of trade openness on income inequality in 16 SADC countries from 1980 to 2019. The findings of the study reveal that trade openness worsens income inequality in the long run. Again, the findings of the results indicate that it is not only trading that matters on income inequality changes. Thus, trade openness reduces income inequality when economic growth, human capital index, and financial development are high. Yet, the mediating variable of trade openness and institutional quality has a positive and significant effect on income inequality in SADC countries. As a result, this study provides SADC policymakers and governments with some recommendations, such as investing more in high-quality education and strengthening financial institutions by reducing inequalities in the financial sector. Furthermore, effective policies to stimulate local production are needed to create jobs and improve the quality of institutions to reduce income inequality in the SADC region.


Two experiments on introducing research achivement of cold plasma into experiment teaching are introduced,which can make students know the application of plasma technologies in material surface modification.It can not only strengthen student's interest but also widen their visual field.


We report a primary response to Toxoplasma gondii following a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with multiple myeloma. The primary response to T. gondii was supported by IgM, IgG and IgA seroconversion. The patient was promptly treated and there were no complications related to toxoplasmosis in the subsequent months.


We evaluate validity of NLFFF extrapolation performed with Optimization class (OPTI) codes. While explaining inevitable for OPTI partial non-solenoidality caused by the gas pressure notable role in pressure balance at photospheric heights and by mathematical aspects related to optimization and BVP (boundary value problem), we justify elimination of the non-solenoidal component (postprocessing) from the OPTI result obtained. In essence, postprocessing converts the entire non-solenoidal part into a solenoidal force part, which possibly reflects factual deviation of magnetic field from its force-free pproximation on the photosphere and in the solar corona. Two forms of postprocessing have been analyzed in this paper.Postprocessing I eliminates the non-solenoidal component without changing transverse field at the measurement level, and Postprocessing II leaves the field normal component unchanged. Extrapolation, postprocessing, and then comparison of metric and energy characteristics are performed over AR 11158 active region for a small fragment of its evolution containing the February X-class flare.Our version of OPTI code showed that free energy decreased by $\sim 10^{32}$ erg within 1 hour, which corresponds to theoretical estimations of the flare-caused magnetic energy loss. This result differs significantly from the one in Sun et al. (2012).Therefore, we also comment on some features of our OPTI code implementation, which may cause significant differences between our results and those obtained using the Wiegelmann (2004) version of OPTI code in study by Sun et al. (2012).


In wireless fading channels, the path-loss exponent (PLE) is one of the most fundamental parameters to characterize the channel propagation. It has an important impact on the received signal strength (RSS)-based localization in wireless sensor networks (WSN). On the other hand, the communication range of a sensor in a WSN depends on the transmission power and on the environment (outdoor or indoor). Hence, the propagation conditions have a great influence on the connectivity between sensors in WSN, especially in complex environments. Nevertheless, most approaches used to estimate the PLE require some information of the wireless network such as RSS at some nodes, or some external information such as Global Positioning System. However, this information might be sometimes unreliable or difficult to obtain. In this paper, we propose a method to estimate the PLE based on the connectivity between sensors deployed in a determined area.


Phosphorus pentoxide is found to be a highly efficient biodegradable catalyst for the three-component reaction of 2-aminopyridines (I) with aromatic aldehydes (III) and isocyanides (II) under solvent-free conditions.


This paper presents an approach to programming and running scientific applications on grid and cloud infrastructures based on two principles: the first one is to follow a component-based programming model, the second is to apply a flexible technology which allows for virtualization of the underlying infrastructure. The solutions described in this paper include high-level composition and deployment consisting of a scripting-based environment and a manager system based on an architecture description language (ADL), a dynamically managed pool of component containers, and interoperability with other component models such as Grid Component Model (GCM). We demonstrate how the proposed methodology can be implemented by combining the unique features of the Common Component Architecture (CCA) model together with the H2O resource sharing platform, resulting in the MOCCA component framework. Applications and tests include data mining using the Weka library, Monte Carlo simulation of the formation of clusters of gold atoms, as well as a set of synthetic benchmarks. The conclusion is that the component approach to scientific applications can be successfully applied to both grid and cloud infrastructures.


The severe employment situation has a great impact on the college students psychologically.As a special group of the universities,impoverished undergraduates have a complicate psychology in the process of finding a job,which owns both positive and negative side.Only to make the best of the situations,establish a complete support system,create an equal and free education environment,establish and perfect the psychological counseling mechanism,set up impoverished undergraduates' community etc.can we improve their psychological adjustment ability in employment and supply mental safeguard for their smooth employment.


PLUMAGE ORNAMENTATION AS AN INDICATOR OF FEMALE AGE AND AN INFLUENCE IN MALE MATE SELECTION IN PROTONOTARIA CITREA, THE PROTHONOTARY WARBLER, IN VIRGINIA. Terry Smith, Bachelor of Science, Christopher Newport University, 1995 A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2008 Director: DR. LEONARD A. SMOCK,CHAIRMAN, DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY AND DR. ROBERT J. REILLY PROFESSOR, CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Flamboyant plumage and ornamentation is common and well-known in male birds; it serves as a sexual display to attract potential mates. While flamboyant plumage is less common and usually more subtle in female birds, it does occur in some species such as Dark-Eyed Juncos (Junco hyemalis) and Prothonotary Warblers (Protonotaria citrea). Prothonotary Warblers display relatively subtle sexual dimorphism. This study examines variations in tail spot patterns in Prothonotary Warblers and relates those variations to age in females. Females with fewer than six spots tend to be two years old or younger; females with six spots or more tend to be three years old or older. The tail spot numbers of mated pairs were also analyzed. Statistical analyses indicate that males mate with females with six tail spots more often than they mate with females with other numbers of tail spots. This suggests males prefer females who are at least three years old.


The authors describe two children with similar skin changes, which have been provoked by two different diseases-atopic dermatitis and parvovirosis B19. The authors underline the coexistence of the two diseases in these children, diagnostic difficulties and the need to apply therapeutic management for both.


The article discusses the semantic potential of meanings of the French verb devoir. The research draws on insights of C. Barbet, P. Dendal and C. Vetters and illustrates the discussion on the verb devoir with examples from a parallel corpus (CTL FR→LT, CTL LT→FR) that consists of original literary works and their translations into Lithuanian and French. The analysis of sentences, which have been translated from Lithuanian fiction to French by students who are studying French as a foreign language at Vilnius University and have participated in the research, shows that the students use the verb devoir to express obligation. Lithuanian verbs that mean necessity, such as gauti, privalėti, tekti, reikėti and others, usually become equivalents of devoir a s w ell. The translation analysis of Lithuanian galbūt, tikriausiai and turbūt shows that Lithuanian students chotose to adopt the same strategy and usually use adverbs peut-etre and probablement. The meanings of probability and possibility, which devoir may contain, are rarely expressed with the help of devoir in translations from Lithuanian to French. In order to avoid such interferential mistakes and develop receptive skills of French, the author of this publication suggests analysing a fictional literary text as an authentic and polyphonic document and using translation not only in language teaching and learning but also in the evaluation of the progress of the latter. This method may help to learn and use this polysemous verb (devoir) correctly. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7220/2335-2027.3.8


Reading comprehension is a complex process and would be difficult for language learners. This study investigated the effects of the Student Teams-Achievement Divisions (STAD) on Iranian EFL learners' reading comprehension. It also sought to see if there was any difference between male and female EFL learners in reading comprehension through the use of STAD technique. Sixty male and female from Hoomaye Zarin institute in Zarin Shahr in Isfahan participated in the study which used a pretest-posttest design. The Oxford Placement Test was used to ensure the homogeneity of the participants. They were divided into four groups, two experimental groups, and two control groups. The treatment sessions were conducted in 10 ninety-minute sessions. In the experimental groups, STAD was used, but there was no STAD treatment for the control groups and they received reading comprehension instruction through current methods of the language institute. The analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) and t-test analysis revealed that total gain in reading performance by the experimental groups was significantly superior to the total gain in the control groups. STAD effectively improved the learners' reading comprehension of the experimental groups. The results of the study indicated that STAD was a more effective instructional paradigm for English as compared to the mainstream method of teaching. Due to its provision for higher learning engagement, STAD can be used as an active learning strategy for EFL Learners.


Minnesota Sea Grant as a Final Completion Report for Project Number: R/EH-6-07; University of Minnesota Duluth, Natural Resources Reseach Institute


This final report conclude to determine the level of customer satisfaction whom service quality at Minimarket Mutiara Indah Palembang, the purpose to determine how percentage level of customer satisfaction at Minimarket Mutiara Indah Palembang and to determine what kind of service quality dimension which had dominant. Collected data had used quesioner with the respond 60 people and The Techinc of collected sample used Non Probability Sampling with Accidental Sampling method. Based on the result known that average percentage from every dimension were Tangible dimension was 65,1 %, Reability dimension was 74%, Responsiveness dimension was 79,8 %, Assurance dimension was 74,2 % and Empathy dimension was 75,6%. So dimension whom has dominant at Minimarket Mutiara Indah Palembang was Responsiveness dimension with 79,8% to "The Fast of employee to find product which customer will". In Other hand to lowest was Tangible dimenstion with 65,1% to "Parking area available" . Therefore, its better if the coorporate add their parking area, in order their customers can feel comfort to park when they shopping in Minimarket Mutiara Indah.


Chen Ying-zhen's works have been reputed as "a banner in the local literature of Taiwan".With peculiar traits,his early works are universally tinted with the sentiments of strong sentimentality,dejectedness and self-pity.In his works Chen Ying-zhen has displayed much compassion over the fate of both the urban intellectuals and insignificant persons at the bottom of society.All the characters portrayed by him are almost involved in various forms of destruction,thus his novels are shrouded with a kind of mysterious "death consciousness".


Measuring refractive index of transparent optical material on spectrometer experiment by parallel light grazing method was proposed.The principle and the processes of the method were introduced and then the measurement formula was given.Compared with conventional methods for measuring refractive index of optical material measurement,this method is more convenient and easier to operate.Furthermore,this method has low environmental requirements,multiple spectral lines,and high measurement precision;the spectral lines are sharp,clear,and stable.


Product innovation is the focal point of the Delft Design School in the Netherlands. During its more than thirty years of existence different models of the product innovation process were and are used for education and for research. This paper will describe the development of these models. The first models tried to describe the product innovation process in a logical linear order, but recently this logical order has come under discussion. The most recent models try to show the more chaotic character of the product innovation processes in real corporate life. Although this chaotic model better reflects the product innovation practice, for educational purposes it seems to be less useful than the original logical ones. For our teaching we propose the two versions (logic and chaos) of our innovation model as two sides of one coin. This innovation coin is without proper value with one side left blank.


This paper presents the results of a static wind tu nel experiments carried out on a double delta wing of 65 /25 configuration in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Low Speed Wind Tunnel (UTMLST). In this project, two measurement techniques w ere employed on the model. The fist technique was the s atic balance data followed by flow visualization technique using smoke and tufts. The experiments were carried out at 5 differ ent angles of attack and 3 different Reynolds numbers of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.13 x 10 based on mean aerodynamic chord respectively. This paper provides a better insight into the complexity of fl ow behaviours above double delta-shaped wing. More experiments or numerical study using modern measurement techniques are neces sary in the future.


which was carried out on a cold plasma setting, RF Power 0.6 kW. Samples were diluted 1 in 20 using 0.01% Triton X100, 0.01% EDTA aqueous diluent. ETAAS analysis was performed on a Varian Spectra AA600 with GTA100 furnace using 1% nitric acid and 1% Triton as a matrix modifier. EQA material and samples from 217 patients were run by both methods. Three levels of IQC were used to assess within and between batch precision and the assays were calibrated using matrix matched standards. The method comparison using patient samples gave a correlation coefficient of 0.926. Within batch imprecision for low, medium and high IQC gave values of 2.78%, 1.92%, and 4.9%, and 6.1%, 3.1% and 3.3% for AA and ICPMS respectively. Between batch imprecision for low, medium and high IQC were 4.5%, 4.5% and 4.4% and 5.4%, 5.8% and 3.1% for AA and ICPMS respectively. Recoveries for ICPMS on EQA samples ranged from 88% to 120%. These results show that the analysis of Al by ICPMS shows good agreement with the current ETAAS method. ICPMS offers the advantage of rapid analysis time and reduced sample consumption which will improve laboratory service by reducing turnaround time.


The article presents problems of the translation reception of a foreign culture code on the example of the analysis of nine translations of the Turgenev's cycle «A Sportsman's Sketches». The comparative contrastive analysis of the texts shows that such paratextual component as title of the cycle plays an important role in the implementation of communication and deciphering of codes of other cultures, which form an idea of the national mentality.


The preparation method of the chromium nickel lithium titanate of a kind of lithium ion battery negative material nickel coated of the present invention, titanium dioxide and deionized water are under agitation mixed to get suspension according to a certain percentage, chrome green is joined in the suspension of titanium dioxide and stir, lithium hydroxide is dissolved and obtains lithium hydroxide aqueous solution in deionized water, nickel acetate is dissolved and is configured to nickel acetate solution in deionized water, by above-mentioned suspension, solution mixing, ball milling obtains precursor liquid.Precursor liquid is carried out spraying dry, obtains through high-temperature calcination under the inert gas atmosphere being mixed with reducibility gas and there is the coated negative material chromium nickel lithium titanate of metallic nickel.The product pattern obtained by the present invention is unified for spherical, and particle size is nanoscale, there is certain nanoaperture between nano particle.The nickel coated of material surface makes its surperficial steric hindrance reduce simultaneously, and particle conductivity increases, and cyclical stability strengthens, and makes this chromium nickel lithium titanate material have good application prospect in electrokinetic cell field.


The YAWL (Yet Another Workflow Language) workflow language supports the most frequent control-flow patterns found in the current workflow practice. As a result, most workflow languages can be mapped onto YAWL without loss of control-flow details, even languages allowing for advanced constructs such as cancellation regions and OR-joins. At the moment no analysis techniques are available for such languages, because both cancellation regions and OR-joins are "non-local" properties and therefore difficult to verify. Hence, a verification approach for YAWL is desirable, because such an approach could be used for any workflow language that can be mapped onto YAWL. This paper introduces a verification approach for YAWL that abstracts from the actual semantics of the OR-join. This approach is correct (errors reported are really errors), but not necessarily complete (not every error might get reported). This incompleteness is due to the fact that the approach approximates the OR-join semantics. Nevertheless, our approach can be used to successfully detect errors in YAWL models. Moreover, the approach can easily be transferred to other workflow languages allowing for advanced constructs such as cancellations and OR-joins.


Due to the huge volume of point cloud data, storing and transmitting it is currently difficult and expensive in autonomous driving. Learning from the high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) framework, we propose a novel compression scheme for large-scale point cloud sequences, in which several techniques have been developed to remove the spatial and temporal redundancy. The proposed strategy consists mainly of three parts: intracoding, intercoding, and residual data coding. For intracoding, inspired by the depth modeling modes (DMMs), in 3-D HEVC (3-D-HEVC), a cluster-based prediction method is proposed to remove the spatial redundancy. For intercoding, a point cloud registration algorithm is utilized to transform two adjacent point clouds into the same coordinate system. By calculating the residual map of their corresponding depth image, the temporal redundancy can be removed. Finally, the residual data are compressed either by lossless or lossy methods. Our approach can deal with multiple types of point cloud data, from simple to more complex. The lossless method can compress the point cloud data to 3.63% of its original size by intracoding and 2.99% by intercoding without distance distortion. Experiments on the KITTI dataset also demonstrate that our method yields better performance compared with recent well-known methods. Note to Practitioners—This article deals with the problem of efficient compression of point cloud sequences that come from light detection and ranging (LiDARs) mounted on autonomous mobile robots. The vast amount of point cloud data could be an important bottleneck for transmission and storage. Inspired by the HEVC algorithm, we develop a novel coding architecture for the point cloud sequence. The scans are divided into intraframe and interframe, which are encoded separately using different techniques. Our method can be used for the compression of LiDAR point cloud sequences or dense LiDAR point cloud map and will significantly reduce the transmission bandwidth and storage spaces. We have to admit that although our method is less effective for real-time solutions, it can be highly efficient for off-line applications. Future studies will concentrate on further optimizing the coding algorithm to reduce the computational complexity and trying to find a balance between them.


This article is an attempt to employ the constructivism of Alexander Wendt to understand ethnic conflicts in South Asia. The article surveys the theoretical literature on constructivism to create a set of propositions regarding ethnic conflicts and attempts to test these propositions for several of South Asia's ethnic conflicts. The article argues that ethnic conflicts are essentially identity conflicts in which the definition or construction of threats, enemies and friends plays a pivotal role. Ethnic conflicts evolve according to how identities are defined, the definitions being predicated on the material condition facing the communities themselves in relation to the manifest practices of the state. In contrast to realist discourses that see only endless conflicts and an invariable security dilemma for groups, and liberalism that defines ethnic peace (or conflict) in terms of transaction costs and utility calculations, the constructivist reading of ethnicity enables International Relations to interrogate ethnicity in cultural-ideational terms. By using constructivist propositions to a select set of ethnic conflicts in South Asia, the article attempts to explain the salience of ethnicity as a pervasive mode of conflict in the subcontinent.


The paper describes a lumped parameter thermal model of an electric motor of TEFC design. The transient thermal characteristics of the motor is estimated from a lumped parameter thermal model. Experiments were performed on a 3.5 H.P. capacitor run single-phase induction motor and the simulated results were verified with experimental data. It was found that the software gave a satisfactory estimation of the thermal characteristics of the TEFC single-phase induction motor examined. The software uses all the motor dimensions as input data for the thermal model, so it is useful at the design stage for performance prediction of the designed machine. Though developed for a single-phase induction motor, the model is equally applicable for any motors of TEFC design.


Due to increasing competition in the tourism sector, destinations struggle to attract the attention of potential visitors through advertising. This article addresses the influence of emotions in tour ism advertising, arguing that they are an effective predictor of individual behavior, and essential in destination choices, which have an important unconscious component. This bibliometric work discusses the role of emotional advertising, reviews the literature in order to describe the current state of knowledge in tourism and neuromarketing, and assess the valuable findings made by recent years due to advances in neuroscience. The literature review provided an in-depth understanding on how neuromarketing contributes to reveal tourists' implicit emotional responses that affect subsequent decision marking and seek to prove that neuromarketing research can increase tourism competitiveness through providing data to conduct more efficient campaigns. Consequently, the field is an important subject for further research and several lines of future investigation have been identified.


An electrochemical analysis is carried out from a kinetic electrochemistry perspective of a CuCl/HCl electrolysis cell, within the CuCl thermochemical water splitting process for hydrogen production. The anolyte is a solution of 2 mol L−1 CuCl(aq) and 10 mol L−1 HCl(aq) while the catholyte solution is 11 mol L−1 HCl(aq). The cell current density of 0.5 A cm−2 and voltage of 0.7 V are the desired working conditions for a CuCl/HCl electrolyzer. The current density of 0.5 A cm−2 is assumed to occur at a 5% anolyte conversion degree. At 25°C, the activation overpotential of the anode half‐reaction is found to be 53 mV for a current density of 0.5 A cm−2 while the activation overpotential of the cathode half‐reaction for the same condition is 87 mV. An increase in working temperature decreases the overpotential of the anode half‐reaction and increases the cathode half‐reaction activation overpotential. The ohmic overpotential of the cell membrane is almost 1000 times smaller than that of the activation overpotentials of the electrode half‐reactions for the same temperature and current density. A higher working temperature results in a lower membrane ohmic overpotential. The required voltage to trigger electrolysis for a current density of 0.5 A cm−2 is found to be 0.53 V at 25°C and 0.59 V at 80°C and a higher temperature results in a higher electrochemical efficiency. The cell electrochemical efficiency increases linearly with working temperature while the voltage efficiency peaks at 75% at 60°C.


The main limitations of wireless transmission are fading and associated reduction in bit error rate. To mitigate these effects several techniques are employed. One method is to employ multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems. This paper presents performance analysis and a comparative study of different Space Time Block Codes over Rayleigh fading channel of a MIMO system. MIMO systems employing different modulation schemes with different code rates and maximum likelihood detection techniques at the receiver end are explored. Zero mean complex Gaussian random variables are taken as noise samples. Performance of Space Time Block codes with modulation techniques QPSK, 8PSK and 16PSK are investigated in terms of bit error rate under different SNR scenarios.


The utility model provides a machine in axial fan and air conditioning. This axial fan includes casing, motor, firstly moves the wind wheel, the second moves wind wheel, first quiet wind wheel and the quiet wind wheel of second, and the casing is both ends open -ended tube -shape, the motor is located the casing, and the both ends of motor are equipped with first motor shaft and second motor shaft respectively, first wind wheel and the second of moving moves the wind wheel and installs respectively on first motor shaft and second motor shaft, first quiet wind wheel and the quiet wind wheel of second are fixed in the casing, and the first wind wheel, first quiet wind wheel, second of moving moves wind wheel and the quiet wind wheel of second and set gradually in the casing according to the flow direction of wind. The utility model provides an axial fan, the axial air current can effectively be changed into with the radial air current in the casing to first quiet wind wheel and the quiet wind wheel of second to increase first wind wheel and the second of moving and move the wind wheel and promote the efficiency that the air flows, and then increase air supply volume, motor rotation number can be reduced simultaneously under the prerequisite of the volume of satisfying the air supply, thereby the noise of axial fan during operation is reduced.


Diabetes mellitus in turn is the course of death of 1,600,000 people
per year.
Taking into account the direct relationship between diabetes and
nutrition, and in particular the carbohydrates consumption, this
research provides an overview of the contribution of carbohydrates
into the progression of diabetes mellitus specified by the countryassociated features of diets.