In order to predict the exact date of soybean growth and development stages for soybean planters,this paper constructed an easy and effective prediction model.Using planting date as main predict factor,it eliminated the effect of plant diseases and insect pests and natural disaster,constructed models for vegetative growth stage and reproductive growth stage of soybean respectively.By used Ken Nong 18 as research subject and Jiu San reclamation area as experimental base,it collected soybean growth data that lasted 5 yesrs.After normalizing data,using BP NN training and testing the data.The result showed the model had good average prediction accuracy and indicated that the BP NN method could be effectively applied in crop modeling.


Although there are adequate descriptions in the literature of the patterns and function of iieuroglial tissue in the human optic nerve, it is more difficult to find references to this tissue as it appears in the rest of the vertebrate sub-kingdom. Walls ('42) has referred to the structure of the optic nerve in a few animals, but only briefly, and without the continuity required to give a picture of the origins and development of the various pat terns. There is a wide range of sizes and positions of oligodendroglial cells in the optic nerves of the 5 Vertebrate classes, and there are variations even between the subclasses. So this study was initiated in England in 1948, continued in Australia through 1949 and 1950, in Canada in 1951, and in the T'nited States thereafter to seek a clearer. conception of the significance of these different patterns.


Welding fixtures are the most important devices for an automotive body welding assembly line. Current special fixtures used by many automotive manufactures are fit only for one or several specific welding processes. Reconfigurable welding fixtures for use in the automotive manufacturing factory are an important development for new vehicle models. The welding fixture is designed as a dowel pin modular fixture, with its clamps and locating pins adjusted in three directions. On account of dimensional problem due to several variation sources accumulation, measuring and adjusting techniques are developed to improve the localization accuracy. The cost-effective prototype of reconfigurable welding assembly fixture system for parts with similar characteristics of automotive body is developed. Experiments show the validity of reconfigurations, online detection and adaptive control system of the developed welding fixtures.


The effect of sucrose, H 3 BO 3 , KNO 3 , Ca(NO 3 ) 2 .4H 2 O and MgSO 4 .7H 2 O on pollen germination of Phytolacca dodecandra L. (endod) in a liquid medium was investigated. Sucrose and H 3 BO 3 were critical to pollen germination. A concentration of 10 % sucrose and 161.8 μm H 3 BO 3 gave over 70% germination (...)


Background: Serial (staged) excision of congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) is an important treatment option for medium-sized CMN. However, few studies have investigated the outcomes of serial excision in detail.
Objective: We report our experience regarding serial excision of CMN, including methods to effectively reduce the procedural stages and scar length. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients with CMN treated between 2008 and 2015; 33 patients (7 men and 26 women) underwent serial excision.
Results: The CMN were located on the face (n=11), arms (n=6), legs (n=11), and other areas of the body (n=11), including the back (n=2), chest (n=1), deltoid region (n=1), and buttocks (n=1). The mean CMN area was 19.7 cm2. The mean number of surgical stages was 2.2. The mean interval between surgeries was 10.6 months. A marginal S-shaped incision along both edges of the nevus was preferred over elliptical excision, to reduce scarring. Pulsed dye, erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG), neodymium-doped:YAG, and carbon dioxide fractional lasers were used to improve the final outcomes and minimize scarring.
Conclusion: Serial excision is an effective treatment option associated with greater patient satisfaction, particularly for medium-sized and hairy CMN. Conventional elliptical serial excision is associated with the formation of elongated scars and sacrifices normal skin adjacent to the lesion. The marginal S-shaped incision reduces scarring by dispersing mechanical tension on the scar without skin wastage. Compared with the elliptical excision method, the marginal S-shaped incision reduces the number of surgical stages and results in a cosmetically superior scar. Performing a marginal S-shaped incision is technically challenging in certain anatomical locations, such as the eyes, nose, and mouth. Therefore, it is necessary to combine this procedure with erbium:YAG and neodymium-doped:YAG ablation. (Korean J Dermatol 2019;57(9):527∼531)


March 29: Returned to operating room; under anesthesia patient coughed, and considerable puis exuded into wound opening. The syringe was inserted and a large abscess found posterior to incision instead of anteriorly toward bifurcation, as was originally supposed. Drainage from wound after this was considerable and uninterrupted. April 15: Patient is convalescing. Very little pus fromi wound; cough and other symptoms have almost ceased. Recovery should be complete in this case. Criticism: In spite of most careful fiuoroscopic examination and stereoscopic plates, we were deceived as to the exact location of this abscess. Case 4. I. A., a child 5 years old, of healthy parents, susceptible to attacks of Acute Bronchitis. Developed influenza five weeks previous tc having an X-ray taken. Ran a temperature 104105, had definite localized lesion right base, still running a temperature at time X-ray was taken. Some cough, no expectoration. Plate shows exudate or influenzal spot which will disappear under rest. Case 5. J. F. Long-standing history of cough in coal miner. X-ray shows marked pneumokoniosis.


Rotating machines are commonly used in industrial applications. Mechanical faults such as rotor unbalance, shaft misalignment, pulley misalignment, structural looseness, and bearing faults leading to unplanned shutdown based on the severity of these faults. The condition monitoring technique based on vibration analysis has the potential to detect and diagnose a great number of early stage faults. However, some mechanical faults have correlated vibration features leading to ambiguous diagnosis to identify and distinguish these faults. In this paper, a proposed method based on the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is presented to produce uncorrelated Principal Components (PCs) to identify the healthy and different faulty cases. A test rig was prepared to simulate a group of mechanical faults such as rotor unbalance, pulley misalignment, belt damage, combined unbalance with pulley misalignment, and combined unbalance with belt damage. The conventional vibration measurements were collected for each case and their features were extracted and used to produce the equivalent PCs. It was found that the produced uncorrelated PCs have the superior to distinguish the majority of simulated faults which have correlated vibration features as presented in the rest of paper.


attempts at ideological explanations of War Communism only as a means to discredit opponents who resisted the introduction of N E P ; but Gimpel'son does not explain the reasons for abandoning War Communism or the nature of this opposition. Consequently, his interpretation of Lenin's remarks remains merely interesting conjecture. In fairness to the author, one should note that he never claims to have exhausted all questions or to have provided final answers. Thus, despite its problems, the easy-flowing question-and-answer style, the comprehensive essay evaluating Soviet studies on the topic, and the succinct coverage of major issues influencing attempts at interpretation render this book a significant contribution to the historiography of War Communism.


We have determined the room temperature isotherm of the nitrogen-oxygen phase diagram to more than 12 GPa by Raman spectroscopy. For two solid phases ({beta}-O{sub 2} and {delta}-N{sub 2}), the components are highly miscible below 9.5 GPa. Hystereses were detected at pressures at which {delta}-O{sub 2} and {epsilon}-O{sub 2} are stable; {delta}-O{sub 2} does not form if the pressure on crystals of {beta}-O{sub 2} with certain compositions were increased but does form upon decreasing pressure. At pressures above 11 GPa, a new phase is sometime observed instead of a mixture of {epsilon}-O{sub 2} + {delta}-N{sub 2}. Resonance effects in the Raman spectra of {beta}-O{sub 2} also were studied, using nitrogen as the calibrant. Evidence is also presented for a phase of oxygen below 10.0 GPa between {beta}-O{sub 2} and {delta}-O{sub 2}. The relative intensities of the doublet in the Raman spectra of O{sub 2} in the {delta}-N{sub 2} phase (Pm3n) have strong pressure and composition dependencies.


Although low-dose methotrexate is commonly used for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, data regarding potential adverse events are limited. This article reports the results of a rigorous, prospec...


In a series of individual presentations and a follow-up set of exchanges, a group of academics and corporate practitioners discuss current problems with the Japanese corporate governance system and the potential role of EVA in addressing them. Professor Tak Wakasugi of Tokyo University identifies the problem as Japanese managers' devotion to "growth at all costs"-an approach encouraged by the illusion that equity capital is a "free and unlimited resource." Both Wakasugi and EVA advocate Joel Stern argue that adoption of the EVA performance measurement and incentive system would help impress upon Japanese managers the reality that capital is costly, but without causing them to cut back on promising investments (as would a single-minded focus on a rate-of-return measure like ROE). 1997 Morgan Stanley.


We're born alone, we live alone, we die alone. Only through our love and friendship can we create the illusion for the moment that we're not alone" ("Loneliness"). This definition ofthe human condition by Orson Welles, the celebrated American actor and producer, aptly sums up the paradoxical nature of human experience: isolation and connection. In psychoanalysis, object relations theorists, in particular, have formulated ideas about the nature of the infant's early attachment to the mother, or primary care-giver, and its role in the development ofa healthy ego. In essence, object relations theorists posit that an early, secure emotional attachment enables the individual to pass through maturational stages of development that decrease the emotional dependence on care-givers, allowing separation and the ability to form other significant bonds. Trris study examines the theme of isolation and cOllilection in the life and selected works ofthe contemporary British novelist Lisa St. Aubin de Tenin, by applying the methods of some influential psychoanalytic thinkers, notably Anthony Storr, who has written extensively on the nature of creativity and the relationship between the internal and external world of the artist. A psychoanalytic discussion of St. Aubin de Tenin's narratives as autobiographical acts is relevant because of the extent to which she has used her creative energies in a search for both personal and artistic identity. I concentrate on the three novels Keepers ofthe House (1982), Joanna (1991) and Nocturne(1992) because I believe them to be her strongest works. Written over a ten year period, they show a clear development in St. Aubin de Teran's exploration of isolation and connection as having both positive and negative possibilities and consequences.


Objective Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) are widely used in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. A meta-analysis was performed to examine the clinical and radiological effects of these two techniques. Methods A search of relevant literature from several databases was conducted until November 2021. Perioperative outcomes, clinical and radiological results, and complications were analyzed. Results Fifteen qualified studies were included. OLIF showed a shorter operative time and length of hospital stay and less blood loss than TLIF. Early postoperative Visual Analogue Scale for back pain were significantly lower in OLIF than in TLIF (P = 0.004). Noteworthy, although the preoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) of the OLIF group was higher than that of the TLIF group (P = 0.04), the postoperative ODI was significantly lower (P < 0.05). Radiologically, the results showed that the disc and foraminal heights of OLIF were significantly higher than those of TLIF postoperatively. Moreover, OLIF can restore more segmental lordosis than TLIF in the early postoperative period. Furthermore, OLIF showed better fusion rates than TLIF (P = 0.02), with no difference in cage subsidence (13.4% vs. 16.6%). No significant differences in overall and approach-related complications between the two groups. Conclusion The OLIF group showed an advantage in terms of operative time, hospitalization, intraoperative blood loss, early back pain relief, postoperative function recovery, disc and foraminal heights, early segmental lordosis, and fusion rate compared to TLIF. For both procedures, the incidence rates of overall and approach-related complications were comparable.


Fourteen test toners and two types of toner of irregular shape and spherical shape were studied for charging behavior. There are three types of CCA of various concentrations. They were mixed by rotation roller, developing roller, and hand shaking. Charging properties of the toners were measured by E-SPART analyzer and blow off measurement unit. Evaluations of print quality in terms of solid density, background density and percentage of dot gain were carried out to obtain correlation with charging properties. The charge of the toners with CCA increased to an equilibrium state within a shorter time. The toners without CCA have the lowest density. The higher the CCA amount, the higher the print density, but the background density of the toners without CCA were higher than the toners with CCA. In addition, the presence of CCA and silica affects the toner charge when the humidity is varied. This article describes the effects of CCA type/its concentration and charging behavior on the extent of q/m values which controls the print quality.


The objective of this study is to segment movie audience based on movie consumption media and analysis the characteristics of the segments. Also, we measure their purchase intension of premium internet VOD service newly launched. The online survey is performed by 1,368 netizen. After data collection, four groups are classified as a result of clustering statistical method. The first cluster, Theater type, has very high dependency upon theater, and the second cluster, Multimedia type, chooses internet, DVD, TV, mobile as well as theater. And the third cluster, TV type, watches motion picture via IPTV and cableTV. The last cluster, Internet type, uses internet and DVD for seeing movie. The Multimedia and Internet type have very high purchase intention of new internet VOD service, whereas the TV type has very low inclination. Finally, the result that the purchase intention of the new internet VOD service depends on the lifestyle of using media will be applied for segmentation and targeting strategy in launching that service.


To increase farm income by improving yields and reducing cultivation costs of agricultural production implies suitable crop variety, application of appropriate technology, correct crop management practices, and adequate level of inputs. Myanmar's premium rice, Paw San Mhwe, is awarded the World Best Rice at the World Rice Conference in 2011 in accordance with its distinctive characters such as the excellent eating quality with soft texture, delightful fragrance, white color with wet-polished, and especially elongation (three times longer than the original size after cooking). The domestic prices of Paw San rice in Myanmar are much higher than normal ones because of its preferred quality by Myanmar consumers. Paw San rice cultivation therefore is still preferred by some farmers; however, due to its lower yield than low-quality, high yielding varieties, the cultivation of Paw San Rice may not suggest higher income for farmers. This study aims at comparing the economic conditions between Paw San rice and other rice by using cost and return analysis. It is found that Paw San rice variety receives higher price than non-Paw San varieties. Due to its lower yield and vulnerability to diseases, the revenue and profit can be lower than non-Paw San rice. To improve Myanmar rice farmers' income, this study suggests that improvement of yield and resistance traits of Paw San rice should be considered for Paw San rice breeding research.


Abstract Heating diatomaceous earth or sand that has been soaked with a solution of magnesium chloride results in coating of the materials with magnesium oxide. The addition of hydrogen peroxide converts this coating to magnesium peroxide. The magnesium peroxide coating on sand or diatomaceous earth is relatively stable during storage. Greater than 50% of the oxidizing power remained after 6 months storage at room temperature. The addition of diatomaceous earth or sand coated with magnesium peroxide to aqueous solutions led to release of hydrogen peroxide into the solution, reduced the number of bacteria, and prevented bacterial growth as compared with controls. Filters made with modified and untreated diatomaceous earth removed bacteria from water equally well. However, bacteria survived or grew on filters made with untreated materials, but were greatly reduced in numbers on filters made with modified diatomaceous earth.


Long-distance strong coupling between short-wavelength magnons remains an outstanding challenge in quantum magnonics, an emerging interdiscipline between magnonics and quantum information science. Recently, altermagnets are identified as the third elementary class of magnets that break the time-reversal symmetry without magnetization and thus combine characteristics of conventional collinear ferromagnets and antiferromagnets. In this work, we show that cavity photons can mediate the long-distance strong coupling of exchange magnons with opposite chiralities in altermagnets, manifesting as an anticrossing of the magnon-polariton spectrum in the extremely dispersive regime. The predicted effective magnon-magnon coupling strongly depends on the magnon propagation direction, and is thus highly anisotropic. Our findings are intimately connected to the intrinsic nature of altermagnetic magnons, i.e., chirality-splitting-induced crossing of exchange magnons, which has no counterpart in conventional ferromagnets or antiferromagnets, and may open a new path way for magnon-based quantum information processing in altermagnets.


A SoC design for applications of OMA DRM 2 Agent in mobile phones is presented in this paper, which has been verified by Altera Stratix EP1S80B956C6 FPGA development board. Several design aspects, which include an embedded 32-bits RISC CPU and AMBAtrade bus system, a DRM Agent accelerator, a high-performance TRNG, several interfaces and reasonable hardware/software partition, making it very efficient for the OMA DRM 2 application. Based on SMIC 0.25mum standard CMOS technology, the proposed SoC platform can work under the frequency of about 76MHz, and the core circuit is 112k gates, making it suitable for low-cost design. Besides, memory protection unit is added to enhance the security. Therefore, the proposed SoC platform has a fine potential in application.


Epitaxial films were grown on diamond(111) substrates by microwave‐plasma‐assisted chemical vapor deposition, and their surfaces were studied by scanning tunneling microscope (STM). STM images with atomic order resolution were obtained, and showed 1×1 periodicity, which was also observed by low‐energy electron diffraction. 〈112〉 single bilayer steps, 〈112〉 single bilayer steps, and 〈112〉 double bilayer steps were observed, and the majority of the steps were found to be of the first type. Steps were found to be very straight in the atomic scale, and there were suggestions of the incorporation of carbon atoms at the kinks. Even a small island with a nanometer order size showed a triangular shape surrounded by three 〈112〉 single bilayer steps.


Understanding the responses of C:N:P stoichiometry and nutrient resorption to thinning is essential to evaluate the effects of management practices on biogeochemical cycling in plantation forest ecosystems. However, nutrient resorption and C:N:P stoichiometry do not always respond in the same way to various thinning intensities, and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we aimed to examine the mechanisms underlying the impacts of thinning on C:N:P stoichiometry in a Pinus massoniana plantation, focusing on interactions among soils, plant tissues (leaves and litter), and soil properties. We conducted four different thinning treatments to determine the effects of thinning on the C:N:P stoichiometric ratios in leaves, litter, and soil in a Pinus massoniana plantation ecosystem. Thinning significantly increased the C, N, and P content of leaves, litter, and soil (p < 0.05). The effects of thinning on C:N:P stoichiometry varied strongly with thinning intensity. Specifically, thinning significantly decreased all C:N:P stoichiometry except leaf N:P and litter C:N (p < 0.05). The N resorption efficiency (NRE) showed no significant change, but thinning significantly decreased the P resorption efficiency (PRE, p < 0.05). This suggests that thinning has inconsistent impacts on N and P cycling in Pinus massoniana plantations. In addition, these different responses suggest that soil physicochemical processes play a crucial role in regulating the effects of thinning. Thinning intensity regulates the biogeochemical cycles of C, N, and P in Pinus massoniana plantation ecosystems by affecting nutrient resorption and soil physicochemical processes. The inconsistent results obtained can be attributed to the complexities of stand environments and the redistribution of site resources following thinning. Therefore, incorporating the effects of thinning intensity into nutrient cycling models may improve predictions related to achieving long-term forest management strategies.


Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-I) catalyzes the rate-controlling step in the pathway of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Thyroid hormone will stimulate the expression of the liver isoform of CPT-I (CPT-Iα). This induction of CPT-Iα gene expression requires the thyroid hormone response element in the promoter and sequences within the first intron. The peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a coactivator that promotes mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, and hepatic gluconeogenesis. In addition, PGC-1α will stimulate the expression of CPT-Iα in primary rat hepatocytes. Here we report that thyroid hormone will increase PGC-1α mRNA and protein levels in rat hepatocytes. In addition, overexpression of PGC-1α will enhance the thyroid hormone induction of CPT-Iα indicating that PGC-1α is a coactivator for thyroid hormone. By using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we show that PGC-1α is associated with both the thyroid hormone response element in the CPT-Iα gene promoter and the first intron of the CPT-Iα gene. Our data demonstrate that PGC-1α participates in the stimulation of CPT-Iα gene expression by thyroid hormone and suggest that PGC-1α is a coactivator for thyroid hormone.


All known temperature sensors today have some degree of nonlinearity. An analytic technique using a dual element sensing probe with a bridge type electrical thermometer is developed to reduce the magnitude of deviation from linearity. Specific algebraic solutions for nickel (concave upward) and platinum (concave downward) transducer materials are generated using this dual element technique, showing a significant improvement in linearity; i.e., worst case tracking errors are reduced to ±0.25 and ±0.043 °C for nickel and platinum, respectively, over the range −40–260 °C. Instrumentation of this technique for practical applications is discussed, leading to the development of a portable direct reading electronic thermometer having a worst case total error of 0.01 °C per year over the 0–100 °C range.


The 2008-2009 Global Financial Crisis (GFC) brought the global economy to the brink of a global depression not seen since the Great Depression of the 1930's. While several of the European peripheral countries remain deeply-mired in dealing with banking and sovereign debt problems, the Asian region is fast relegating the GFC as a thing of the past with its swift and immediate recovery from the recent crisis. Most recent indicators of economic performance by individual economies in the region show that indeed, it is the fastest growing region in the world at the moment. Such dynamism in the region, however, also comes with its own set of pressing and immediate challenges. Buoyant growth in the region, spurred to a great extent by the ultra-low policy rates in the region as well as by the series of quantitative easing in the advanced economies to revive their anemic growth prospects, has led foreign capital returning to the Asian region. With memories of the 1997-1998 Asian financial crisis still firmly etched in the memories of policymakers in the region, they know fully-well that capital inflows can both be a blessing and a curse. On the one hand, foreign capital can be tapped to augment the scarce availability of domestic savings and as such, can be crucially drawn upon to improve existing levels of physical and human infrastructures. Large capital inflows and the attendant rise in domestic currencies, however, can create macroeconomic problems and issues in an economy especially when these flows come in droves and are volatile. In particular, substantial capital inflows cause domestic credit to expand and speculative activities to swell, which can lead to inflated values in asset prices and create lingering risks in the balance sheets of households, banks and corporations. Once the tides turn, sudden stops or drastic reversals in these flows can lead to the bursting of asset bubbles, investment and output collapse and, ultimately, to a very costly recession, if not, a widespread depression. Cognizant of these concerns, SEACEN conducted two signature research projects which aimed to identify and debate issues surrounding capital inflows and exchange rate appreciations as well as to explore possible alternative measures in managing capital inflows and exchange rate appreciations


This dissertation is built around three separate papers that research several aspects of stock market liquidity. All three papers use the innovative XLM (Exchange Liquidity Measure) data to measure the liquidity. The first paper entitled Does Screen Trading Weather the Weather? A Note on Cloudy Skies, Liquidity and Computerized Stock Markets tests for the presence of a weather effect on liquidity in a screen-based electronic stock market. The empirical evidence suggests that cloudy skies correspond with high natural liquidity levels and low liquidity injected by market makers. This result is consistent with findings for floor-based stock trading and with the hypothesis that market makers add less value in markets with high natural liquidity. The second paper entitled Designated Sponsors on Xetra – Is One Designated Sponsor Enough? tests for the impact of Designated Sponsors on liquidity in the electronic trading system Xetra at the Frankfurt stock exchange. The empirical results suggest that Designated Sponsors improve liquidity and that the increase in a number of Designated Sponsors improves liquidity further. The third paper entitled How Do Trading Costs Vary Across the Day? A note on the innovative XLM measure for Small Caps at the Frankfurt Stock Exchange provides empirical evidence on the intraday pattern of trading costs for German small cap stocks in the electronic trading system Xetra. The empirical evidence for the TecDAX stocks under investigation suggests a reverse-J shaped intraday profile for execution costs. Thus, trading is most expensive in the first 30 minutes after Xetra opens, and it is cheapest at the time when the NYSE starts trading. We conclude that cross-border integration of stock exchanges fosters market quality.


A 33-year-old man, a carpenter, presented with a non-traumatic dull aching pain of 4 months duration in the right groin. Clinical examination was unremarkable, except for tenderness over the posteromedial aspect of the groin. A pelvic radiograph showed a bony outgrowth in the lesser trochanteric region favouring the diagnosis of a solitary osteochondroma (figure 1). MRI revealed a pedunculated bony excrescence with a thin cartilaginous cap, arising close to the lesser trochanter, surrounded by a well-defined fluid signal intensity suggestive of a collection (figure 2). All serological tests were essentially normal (apparently immunocompetent).

Figure 1
Preoperative plain radiograph …


The liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) of ternary 1-butanol/water/ionic liquid (IL) mixtures were measured and predicted. The LLE data were measured for ternary mixtures containing 1-butanol, water, and one of the following ILs: 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate ([Im10.1]+[tcb]−), 4-decyl-4-methylmorpholinium tetracyanoborate ([Mo10.1]+[tcb]−), 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Im10.1]+[ntf2]−), and 4-decyl-4-methylmorpholinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Mo10.1]+[ntf2]−). The LLE data were determined at atmospheric pressure for two different temperatures (308.15 and 323.15 K). To evaluate the application of the ILs studied to the extraction of 1-butanol from aqueous solutions, the 1-butanol distribution coefficients and selectivities were determined from the data. The perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT) was used for modeling. Previously published pure-component PC-SAFT parameters for the ILs [J. Phys. Chem. B 2013, 117 (11), 3173−318...


The present invention consider, and more particularly, to a resource (Resource) status and summary time the user wants the device (Device) performing the video summaries through the summary video algorithm related to a moving picture summarizing service providing apparatus and method wherein the generating a summary of the video image, and relates to a summary video that meets the user to the desired reproduction time for the video summary of a service providing apparatus and method to provide to the user. According to the video summary of a service providing apparatus and method of the present invention, in consideration of the performance and resources (Resource) state of the device (Device) correct user to meet a summary image for the amount the user desires within the desired time to the preferences of the user and fast summary effect can be obtained that can produce an image. Videos, summary, algorithms, video summary, resource


The OAFlux(Objectively Analyzed air-sea Fluxes) database,provided by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,and widely applied in the validation of climate models,is tested by using the TOGA COARE and KAWJEX measurements which are two serial survey databases of NOAA ETL(Environmental Technology Laboratory).The result shows that the latent heat flux of OAFlux is systematically higher than that of ETL,and the difference between them is comparatively large when the heat flux is large itself.Wind velocity plays a dominant role on the change of latent heat when the influence of humidity difference is minimal.In addition,when the sea surface temperature,air temperature,and wind direction do not vary much,the latent difference between OAflux and direct measurements is significant under medium to large wind speed condition and is minimal under the low wind condition.Meanwhile,the sensible heat exchange is very weak and the values are still mainly controlled by wind speed.However,the values of the measured sensible heat flux are very close to the instrument error,leading to difficulty in comparison analysis.The result also shows that the interaction between air and sea mainly depended on the wind velocity when the humidity difference between sea surface and air did not change much during the experimental periods.


Since the beginning of the independent Ukraine, the European Union has been a significant and promising partner for a broad-based cooperation that extends across a wide range of economic and social spheres. The European Union, as an integration association known for its peculiarities of economic development, requires counterparties to comply with relevant standards, the failure of which creates problems in the process of trade cooperation.


Increased monocyte/macrophage (Mφ) apoptosis occurs in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is mediated, at least in part, by an autoreactive CD4+ T cell subset. Furthermore, autoreactive murine CD4+ T cells that kill syngeneic Mφ in vitro induce a lupus-like disease in vivo. However, it is unclear whether increased Mφ apoptosis in SLE per se is sufficient to accelerate/promote autoimmunity. We have investigated whether increased Mφ apoptosis in vivo, induced by the administration of clodronate liposomes, can exacerbate the autoimmune phenotype in NZB × SWR (SNF1) lupus-prone mice, and induce autoantibody production in haplotype-matched BALB/c × DBA1 (DBF1) non-lupus-prone mice. Lupus-prone mice SNF1 mice that were treated with clodronate liposomes, but not mice treated with vehicle, developed significant increases in autoantibodies to dsDNA, nucleosomes, and the idiotypically related family of nephritic Abs IdLNF1, when compared with untreated SNF1 mice. Furthermore, clodronate treatment hastened the onset of proteinuria and worsened SNF1 lupus nephritis. When compared with vehicle-treated controls, clodronate-treated non-lupus-prone DBF1 mice developed significantly higher levels of anti-nucleosome and IdLNF1 Abs but did not develop lupus nephritis. We propose that Mφ apoptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of autoantibody formation and organ damage through both an increase in the apoptotic load and impairment in the clearance of apoptotic material. This study suggests that mechanisms that induce scavenger cell apoptosis, such as death induced by autoreactive cytotoxic T cells observed in SLE, could play a pathogenic role and contribute to the severity of the disease.


Abstract: This article presents the chaos synchronization problem of the restricted three body problem (RTBP) when the primaries are moving in a circular orbit around their center of mass in t he non-uniform motion. The feedback controller for the stab ility of the closed-loop system is designed using the active control str ategy. Simulation results satisfy the theoretical findings . For validation of results by numerical simulations, the mathematica 10 is use d when the primaries are Mars and Earth.


The decree of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the USSR Council of Ministers, "On Completing the Transition to the Universal Secondary Education of Youth and Further Developing the General Education School," emphasized that resolution of the tasks slated for education will depend primarily on the activity of public education agencies as well as on Party, soviet, trade union, and Komsomol organizations and their active and continuous attention to general education schools. This instruction of the Party and the government provides the key to understanding the growing importance of community assistance to the school at the present stage. The broad spectrum of problems relating to the upbringing and education of the younger generation cannot be resolved without the combined effort of the school, the family, and the community.


Travelers around the world are concerned with choosing not only the quickest route from one point to another but also the safest route. Traffic safety has always been a major public concern, and traffic safety performance should be constantly evaluated so that both reactive and proactive countermeasures can help reduce crashes. This study developed a methodology for incorporating safety aspects into travelers' pathfinding process. The safe pathfinding process included two main parts: a route-specific safety hazard index and a route-finding algorithm that considered both travel time and safety. The ratio of the deceleration rate to avoid a crash to the maximum available deceleration rate was chosen as the proxy for traffic safety. The safety hazard index was formulated by using the collision mechanism along the roadway segment and at the intersection. Motorist-specific information (e.g., vehicle type, age, pavement condition) was also included in the safety index model so that a traveler's individual needs could be considered. The pathfinding algorithm, which combined mobility and safety, had three objectives: shorter travel time, lower route safety hazard index, and avoidance of sites with the highest safety hazard index along the route. The methodology was applied in a real-world street network to demonstrate its use and prove the concept of finding a safe path.


The device has an anchor stake that is controlled in fastening sliding guide at a tool holder (5). A hook shaped tool (2) is provided, which is flexibly stored in two articulation points (3,4) at a tool holder. The articulation point is connected with a gear wheel (7,8) by a control lever (6). The gear wheel is supported at the tool holder. Another articulation point is controlled in a fastening sliding guide (11) at the tool holder.


Cloning of domestic species by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) continues to be inefficient, probably due to an incomplete reprogramming of the reconstituted embryo. The ability of the embryonic cytoplasm to support reprogramming fluctuates within the cell cycle (Egli et al. 2007 Nature 447, 679-85). In this context, we compared the development capability and second polar body (2PB) extrusion of embryos produced by metaphase (M) cells, in comparison with G0/G1 cells, which are commonly used as nuclear donors. Because M cells have 2 sets of chromosomes (in contrast with G0/G1 cells, which have only 1 set), an activation protocol that impedes 2PB extrusion is required to produce reconstituted embryos with the correct ploidy. Therefore, we performed SCNT with M or G0/G1 cells, followed by different activation protocols, and evaluated in vitro development and 2PB extrusion of the reconstituted embryos. Cow oocytes were in vitro matured and enucleated as described by Gambini et al. (2014 PLoS One 14, 9). A group of cells at 70 to 80% confluence was synchronized in M stage using 0.05μgmL-1 demecolcine for 3 to 4h and used as nuclear donors for SCNT (M group). Another group of cells was induced into quiescence by serum starvation for 3 to 4 days before SCNT (G0/G1 group). For activation, reconstituted embryos were treated with 5µM ionomycin (Io) for 4min followed by 5-h incubation in 50μM roscovitine for M group, or in 50μM roscovitine and 5μgmL-1 cytochalasin B for G0/G1 group. Parthenogenetic controls were activated with Io followed by 50μM roscovitine alone (ROSCO) or with 5μgmL-1 cytochalasin B (ROSCO/CB). Hoescht 33342 staining was performed 16h post-Io to evaluate 2PB extrusion. Other activated oocytes were cultured in SOFaa medium and rates of cleavage, morulas, and blastocysts were evaluated at Days 2, 5 and 7 of in vitro development, respectively. Data were analysed by Fisher's exact test (P<0.05). Rates of 2PB extrusion were 72.72 (n=33), 65.63 (n=32), 80 (n=15), and 42.86 (n=14) for M, G0/G1, ROSCO, and ROSCO/CB, respectively. Results of in vitro development are shown in Table 1. In conclusion, somatic M cells can be used as donors to produce cloned embryos. The M and G0/G1 groups were able to induce cloned blastocysts, even though rates did not differed statistically from controls groups (ROSCO and ROSCO/CB). The M group was as effective as G0/G1. Although further analysis is required to establish the quality of the embryos, our results are encouraging for use in SCNT.


Abstract Water mites from Iran: 17. Torrenticola baueri n. sp. The diagnosis with important morphological measurements and the general schematical structure of the Torrenticola body are given.


(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)1. IntroductionA "grow first, clean up later" approach, which means that only the economic growth is targeted with little regard for its environmental impact, is the basic strategy that have been taken by many developing countries. Unfortunately, the rapid economic growth in this strategy has often caused unprecedented environmental degradation in an early stage of the growth especially. Tropical deforestation is one of the examples. Since the forestry sector is a major contributor to the economy in the developing countries most part of whose land is covered in forest, the initial economic growth in those countries have naturally a direct and negative impact on the forest ecosystem. Flood damage occurring in all parts of the world will be one piece of clear evidence showing the fact. There is no doubt that it is one of the greatest concerns of many developing countries to know whether "grow first, clean up later" is a costly strategy in a long-run view, and whether it can be a threat against the sustainability of growth itself.Indonesia, which has the most extensive forest area in the ASEAN nations, has also suffered from massive and rapid destruction of the forests for the last few decades, while the country has experienced the economic growth acceleration by extracting natural resources in its "grow first, clean up later" strategy. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) shows that about 30 % of the forest cover area in Indonesia had been lost during the period 1962-2007, although the GDP per capita had increased by five times and more during the same time. However, such a negative correlation between these two economic and environmental indicators is not always applied. The inverse U-shaped relationship between them, which is generally called "environmental Kuznets curve (EKC)", is a key concept in understanding the impact of economic growth on deforestation. The evidence of the existence of EKC for deforestation would encourage developing countries facing the problem of serious forest loss to advance their economic development.The main objective of this study is to empirically demonstrate the inverse U-shaped relationship between economic development and deforestation rate in Indonesia. We also figure out the turning point at which the increase in income level does not lead to the increase in deforestation rate. For these purposes, time-series data for Indonesia over 46 years from 1962 to 2007 was analyzed with the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to cointegration, developed by Pesaran and Shin (1998) recently. Although many relevant previous studies have so far tested the EKC hypothesis for deforestation with cross-country or panel data (Shafik and Bandyopadhyay, 1992; Koop and Tole, 1999; Bhattarai and Hammig, 2001; Culas, 2007), to our knowledge, no study exists as yet that has shown the existence of the EKC on deforestation by using the data for a single country. The findings derived solely from the time-series data for Indonesia would provide helpful information for the Indonesian government and policy-makers in the sense that it explicitly indicates the specific tendency for that country.The paper consists of six sections. Following this introduction, the second section provides the literature review on previous EKC studies. The third section explains the empirical model specified in this study and the data employed for the analysis. The ARDL bounds testing procedure will be described in the forth section. The fifth section discusses the results and discussion. The key findings are summarized in the sixth section, and then we conclude this paper with further discussion.2. Literature review on the EKCThe environmental Kuznets curve is a theoretical concept that describes the relationship between income growth and environmental degradation. The term is named for Simon Kuznets (1955) who proposed that a connection between economic growth and income equality is shaped as an inverted U. …


We investigated the effects of three forage species on fatty acid composition of lamb (Ovis aries L.) subcutaneous dock-fat. For 93 days, lambs grazed replicated pastures of irrigated 'Cimarron' alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), 'Renumex' sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.), or 'Luna' pubescent wheatgrass [Thinopyron intermedium subsp. barbulatum (Schur) Barkw. and D.R. Dewey]. Dock-fat from lambs grazing sainfoin and alfalfa were similar (P>.01) in fatty acid composition, but differed (P .10) in the level of saturated (48.4%) or unsaturated (51.6%) fatty acids was found among lambs from the forages. Octadecanoic acid (C18:0) constituted 49% of the saturated fatty acid composition. Health concerns may arise from the remaining (25% of total fatty acids) potentially harmful saturated fatty acids.


The efficiency of criminal proceedings means that the contrast between the cost of criminal proceedings and the income of criminal proceedings, and the efficiency system includes economy system and ethic system. The criminal proceedings give priority to the quality of economy, while the income of criminal proceedings to that of ethic. There still exist the following problems: 1.The quality of the unbalanced efficiency structure; 2.The quality of lacking the cooperation of the efficiency body; and 3. The backward system of mistake-prevention. On the basis of cost frugality theory and the way of collocating optimized resources theory, the author advances the idea of how to improve the quality of unbalanced criminal proceedings.


In late 2010, the New Zealand Academy of Highland and National Dancing (NZAHND) embarked on a daring new initiative for highland dance in New Zealand, forming the Highland Dance Company of New Zealand. Two and a half years later we look at their achievements.


Steve Fuller seeks to blame Kuhn for the present state of the philosophy of science. It has become 'Kuhniferous', he argues, both in structure and in content. I begin by taking issue with this judgement, suggesting that Kuhn wasn't as influential as his realist and naturalist opponents. I then proceed to argue that Fuller fails to clinch one of his central charges, that Kuhn disconnected the philosophical defence of scientific progress from any substantive ends of science. Kuhn has a story to tell here that should commend itself to Fuller's 'instrumentalist' instincts. That Fuller doesn't seem to recognise it, I suggest, is down to a certain sort of blindness to epistemological issues, a failure to appreciate that claims to epistemic progress on the part of science may be more than self-serving.


In this paper, recognizing human actions has been investigated from video sequences. With morphological gradient and pooling operation, invariant shape of each human body in an action sequence is obtained. Edge feature of invariant shape is extracted to represent human actions. Pyramid Histograms of Orientation Gradients (PHOG) of all invariant shapes in video are averaged to form a feature vector that captures the characteristic of human actions in this video sequence. Using Support Vector Machine (SVM), the method is tested on the KTH action dataset. The obtained impressive results show that invariant shape is more effective than original video in human action recognition.


The methods investigated were to stream a second bower anchor, to use the main engine and rudder, and to use a bow thruster. Of these the use of a second anchor is considered ineffective when the wind velocity exceeds a certain value; continuous use of the main engine is preferable to intermittent use, with the main engine speed the lowest that will produce an effective rudder effect; the bow thruster thrust should be such as to resist about 70% of the frontal wind pressure on the ship.


Third-Party Logistics (commonly referred to as 3PL) refers to outsourcing operational logistics of transportation, warehousing and distribution to an external company. Once an organisation outsources its logistics operations, the 3PL partner manages the entire inventory management, warehousing, and order fulfilment processes. In doing so, third-party logistics companies use their expertise, experience, and automated technologies to maximise speed and drive business efficiencies for their customers. 3PL companies offer customers a flexible and scalable solution based on their requirements. Doing so allows customers to focus on their core area of work. What do 3PL companies offer customers?


Long term use of herbicide can pose serious threat to environment. Alternative strategies to chemical herbicide in weed control have received increasing attention now a days. Salty water could be used to control weed in salt tolerant turfgrass areas. A series of experiments were conducted to examine the response of turfgrass species, common local weed species and soil microbial communities to salinity stress both singly and in combination with reduced rates of recommended herbicides. The plant species selected
for evaluation in these studies were based on a detailed preliminary survey conducted in local turfgrass areas.
Four salinity levels (0, 24, 48 and 72 dSm-1) were imposed on 16 turfgrass entries in glasshouse experiments to identify potential salt tolerant turf species. Tolerance ranking was based on 50% reduction of shoot and root dry weights, leaf firing and turf quality.Predicted salinity levels for 50% shoot and root growth reductions were, 17.0 – 39.8 and 18.8 – 49.4 dS m-1, respectively. Paspalum vaginatum proved to be superior in salt tolerance, and was closely followed by Zoysia japonica and Zoysia matrella.
In the field survey of four different turfgrass areas, 79 weed species belonging to 16 families were recorded. Maximum numbers of weed species were found on residential
lawns, while least numbers were recorded on golf course putting greens; athletic fields and sod farms ranked intermediate. Cyperus aromaticus yielded the highest relative abundance value in golf course putting greens (71.5), followed by athletic fields (45.5)
and residential lawns (21.7). Fimbristylis dichotoma and Cyperus compressus yielded the highest relative abundance values on residential lawns (35.0) and sod farms (30.4),
respectively.
In studies evaluating the use of saline solutions for weed control, the same four salinity levels (0, 24, 48 and 72 dS m-1) were applied to all 79 weed species, along with P.
vaginatum (as a control). The results on injury ratings for salt tolerant weeds were categorized as highly susceptible, moderately susceptible and extremely tolerant. The results showed that 44 weed species were very susceptible and found to be effectively controlled (100%) at salinities of 24 and 48 dS m-1, while 30 species were found to be effectively controlled with the 72 dS m-1 salinity treatment. The five most serious weeds viz. Eragrostis atrovirens, Sporobolus diander, Cyperus aromaticus, Cyperus rotundus and Emilia sonchifolia were found to be extremely tolerant, and were not controlled even at the highest salinity level of 72 dS m-1. In the physiological study, three most tolerant and three least tolerant turf species were subjected to seven salinity levels (0, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40 and 48 dS m-1) treatments and were assessed for leaf proline, chlorophyll and relative water contents. Leaf firing, plant biomass, and concentrations of Na, K, Ca, and Mg in shoots and roots were also determined. Root structure injury was observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In general, trends of proline concentrations were found to increase with increasing salinity levels. However, there was an extremely higher rate of increase in salt tolerant species than in sensitive ones. Zoysia japonica was the least Na accumulating at all salinity levels followed by P. vaginatum and Z. matrella, while D.didactyla was the highest Na accumulating species followed by Cynodon dactylon
'satiri' and Cynodon dactylon 'tifdrawf'. Paspalum vaginatum always had greater K contents at all salinity levels followed by Z. japonica and Z. matrella. On the other
hand, the lowest K contents were recorded in C.dactylon 'tifdwarf' followed by C.dactylon 'satiri' and D. didactyla. Salinity caused root cortex cells to collapse, in C.dactylon 'tifdwarf', C. dactylon 'satiri' and D. didactyla at highest salinity level (48 dS
m-1), but not in P. vaginatum , Z. japonica and Z. matrella. Soil microbes were more or less affected by application of either herbicides, sea water or in combination. However,salt water treatment in combination with reduced herbicide are more eco-friendly than
other options.
Sensitivity to seawater plus reduced rates of herbicide was evaluated for E. atrovirens,S. diander, C. aromaticus, C. rotundus and E. sonchifolia as well as for turfgrasses viz.
P. vaginatum, C. dactylon 'satiri', and Z. japonica. The weed species S. diander, C.aromaticus, C. rotundus and E. sonchifolia except E. atrovirens were fully controlled
when treated with ¾ recommended trifloxysulfuron–sodium with sea water, ¾ recommended trifloxysulfuron–sodium with ¾ sea water, ½ recommended trifloxysulfuron–sodium with sea water, ¾ recommended quinclorac with sea water and ¾ recommended quinclorac with ¾ sea water. Eragrostis atrovirens showed maximum 48% injury when treated with ¾ recommended trifloxysulfuron–sodium and sea water.
Among the tested turfgrasses, P. vaginatum showed only 8% injury to sea water in combination with ¾ recommended quinclorac, indicating greater salt tolerance. Zoysia
japonica also showed no more than 14% injury when treated with sea water in combination with ¾ recommended trifloxysulfuron–sodium or quinclorac. Cynodon dactylon 'satiri' had up to 21% salt injury with ¾ sea water in combination with ¾ recommended trifloxysulfuron –sodium.


Interlayer magnetoresistance of the Bechgaard salt (TMTSF)$_2$NO$_3$ is investigated up to 50 teslas under pressures of a few kilobars. This compound, the Fermi surface of which is quasi two-dimensional at low temperature, is a semi metal under pressure. Nevertheless, a field-induced spin density wave is evidenced at 8.5 kbar above $\sim$ 20 T. This state is characterized by a drastically different spectrum of the quantum oscillations compared to the low pressure spin density wave state.


The field of COPD has faced several new and interesting developments in the past year. Predictions based on the updated BODE index match observed mortality better than before. Several studies suggest a susceptibility phenotype: frequent inflammatory symptoms like chronic cough and sputum production are associated with more exacerbations per year. Since exacerbations frequently lead to hospitalization and increase mortality, there is a necessity to use all means to reduce exacerbation frequency in COPD patients. The phosphodiesterase-4-inhibitor Romflumilast is a new medication to lower the frequency of exacerbations. Another expansion of therapeutic options in COPD is the first once-daily, long acting inhaled beta-2-agonist Indacaterol. After 12 weeks treatment, FEV 1 was significantly improved compared to placebo. New data show a strong association between adherence to inhaler-therapy and mortality. However, mortality was also decreased with adherence to placebo. This gives strong evidence for a "healthy adherer effect". Non-medication strategies such as lung volume reduction surgery, new endoscopic techniques, and noninvasive ventilation are described elsewhere in this issue. A unique new approach in COPD-therapy is the implantation of an arteriovenous fistula with left-to-right shunt. The shunt increases mixed venous oxygen content and cardiac output. The fistula is created in the iliofemoral region by a minimally invasive approach whereby an anastomotic vascular clip device is deployed. At this time, this therapy is exclusively available within controlled studies.


Introduction The prescription of effective and well-tolerated antituberculosis (TB) treatment regimen is an important step in the management of TB. Objective To compare the outcome of fixed-dose combination (FDC) therapy versus standard treatment (ST) in treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extrapulmonary TB in Assiut Governorate. Patients and methods In this prospective cross-sectional analytic study, 120 patients were included. Overall, 60 had PTB based on sputum-positive acid-fast bacilli, and 60 had extrapulmonary TB based on biopsy or culture from the affected sites. Patients were classified into two groups: 80 patients received FDC in the form of four-drug combinations in the intensive phase and the two-drug combination therapy in the continuation phase (group 1) and 40 patients received ST in the form of four separate drugs in the intensive phase and the two separate drugs in the continuation phase (group 2). Follow-up of clinical data, laboratory markers, sputum conversion in PTB during the course of treatment, drug tolerance, compliance, and developing of adverse effect was done in both groups. Results There is no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding improvement of the fever and anorexia and weight loss (P > 0.05 for each). Moreover, there are no statistically significant changes in the sputum conversion between both groups after 2, 4, and 6 months, respectively. There is a statistically significant increase in the percentage of the patients, with increase of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and bilirubin level along the course of the treatments in patients receiving FDC and ST (P < 001) but still within normal limits, and there is no need to stop or change the therapy. No significant difference between the two groups regarding the adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia, blurred vision, peripheral neuropathy, arthralgia, and skin rash is recorded. Conclusion Both FDC and ST have comparable results, with no superiority of either one over the other.


How improving the circulating efficiency of alkali recovery boiler system are discussed in the present paper. Several methods given in the paper are: increasing the density of black liquor led into the boiler; decreasing properly the excess air coefficient; decreasing the smoke loss and so forth.


ABSTRACT African art education discourse is deeply enshrined in community visual arts and its programming. This article is an analytical narrative documentation of anecdotal historical debate on art education in Zimbabwe. The referential data-based entry provides a historical analysis of the evolution of art education and its programming as a post-CIET phenomenon. The CIET observations provide points of departure for continued debate on achievements and areas requiring further interrogation in art education and community visual arts in Zimbabwe. I conclude by coining a road map for art education in the quest for comparable programming against regional and international best practices.


Previous studies indicate the degree of myocardial echo contrast enhancement may be related to regional myocardial perfusion. In this study, myocardial contrast echocardiography was used to characterize changes in the transmural myocardial blood flow distribution that were provoked by rapid atrial pacing in 11 patients with one-vessel coronary artery disease. Ten patients without coronary artery disease served as controls. Myocardial contrast echocardiography was performed by intracoronary injection of 2 ml hand-agitated amidotrizoate sodium meglumine (Urografin-76) and by imaging a short-axis view of the left ventricle with two-dimensional echocardiography before and during injection of the contrast agent. The two-dimensional echocardiographic images at end diastole, before and after injection of the contrast agent, were digitized off-line into a 512 x 512 pixel matrix with 256 gray levels/pixel to quantify the degree of the enhancement of the peak gray level after injection. Transmural myocardial blood ...


A difunctional organolithium compound was prepared by the addition of butyllithium (BuLi) to 1,4-bis(4-methyl-1-phenylethenyl)benzene (MPEB). The effects of the solvent, polar modifier (THF), butyl lithium structure, and reaction time on the formation of the difunctional organolithium compound were studied. Results showed that toluene as solvent was in favor of the addition reaction over cycohexane, in the absence of the polar modifier. However, cycohexane was a better option as solvent for the addition reaction, when polar modifier was employed. A small amount of polar modifier could efficiently accelerate the reaction rate and have no significant effect on the structure of the polydiene, which was initiated by the polar modifier containing organolithium compound. Results also showed that isobutyl lithium was more active in the addition reaction than n-butyl lithium, because of inductive effect. The optimum molar ratio of THF/Li+ was determined as 4. The THF containing difunctional organolithium cyclohexane solution was sequentially used in the step-wise polymerization of triblock thermoplastic copolymer SIBS. The so-prepared SIBS shared the similar phase separation structure with SBS and exhibited excellent mechanic properties. As the content of the central polyisoprene block increases, the tensile strength of the copolymer is decreased, and the elongation at break is increased. The glass transition temperature Tg of the central block was correlated with its content as Tg = 0.33 × −62.81, where × is the wt % of the central block, based on the triblock copolymer. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 1395–1402, 2006


OBJECTIVE To understand the clinical distribution and drug resistance of the clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa so as to guide the reasonable clinical use of antibiotics.METHODS The bacterial identification was performed by using Microscan Autoscan-4 microbial analyzer of America,the drug susceptibility testing was carried out with the use of K-B method and the broth microdilution method(MIC method),the statistical analysis was performed by using WHONET5.4 software,and the chi-square test was conducted with the use of the SPSS 13.0 software.RESULTS A total of 609 strains of P.aeruginosa were isolated from the hospitalized patients between Jan 2010 and Jun 2012,among which 69.1% were isolated from the respiratory tract specimens,23.1%from the secretions;among the clinical departments where the strains were isolated,22.0% were from the neurosurgery department,17.2% from the ICU.The isolation rate of the carbapenem-resistant P.aeruginosa was 5.8%,and the isolation rate of pandrug-resistant P.aeruginosa was 0.3%.As compared with the result of drug susceptibility testing between the carbapenem-sensitive strains and the carbapenem-resistant strains,the difference in the drug resistance rate to piperacillin,piperacillin-tazobactam,ceftazidime,cefotaxime,cefepime,aztreonam,ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,or imipenem was significant(P0.05),while the difference in the drug resistance rate to amikacin,gentamicin,or tobramycin was not significant.CONCLUSION The carbapenemresistant P.aeruginosastrains are more drug-resistant than the carbapenem-sensitive P.aeruginosastrains.It is necessary to pay close attention to the growth of drug resistance of the carbapenem-resistant strains,take effective measures to control the infections,and reasonably use antibiotics so as to control the infections more effectively.


Several properties of Anick's spaces are established which give a retraction of Anick's ΩT∞ off Ω 2 P 2np+1 (p r) if r ≥ 2 and p ≥ 5. The proof is alternate to and more immediate than the two proofs of Neisendorfer's.


A mathematical form is suggested for the chemical potential of a plasticizer in an elastomer, accounting for the chain length and the liquid-phase content of the elastomer during network formation, in the reference state, and during tensile testing. The conditions for average pressure to be sufficient to describe strain-induced changes in chemical potential are examine. PDMS-benzene was used as a sample system to establish relations between the elastomer tensile strength and the strain-induced effect on the compatibility of the elastomer and plasticizer. It is inferred that the scale factor of tensile strength should be accounted for in analyzing the elastomer compatibility with a plasticizer under load.


The Schottky behavior of Ni/Ta and Ni contacts on n-GaN was investigated under various annealing conditions by current–voltage measurements. It is found that with the addition of Ta between the Ni layer and the GaN substrate the thermal stability properties of devices can be significantly improved. Experimental results indicate that a high quality Ni/Ta n-GaN Schottky diode with an ideality factor and barrier height of 1.16 and 1.24 eV, respectively, can be obtained under 1 h annealing, at 700 °C.


BACKGROUND: More than two-thirds of children who present to the emergency department (ED) complain of pain. It is well known that children's pain is poorly managed in the ED compared to their adult counterparts. With respect to analgesic administration in the ED, discrepancies exist between physician self-report and institutional audit. Patient refusal of analgesia is a likely explanation. There is good evidence that misconceptions and fears about analgesia in children are common among caregivers and may contribute to withholding pain medication. To date, no study has surveyed caregivers presenting the the ED to assess frequency of analgesic administration and reasons for withholding analgesia. We hypothesize that there will be a significant proportion of care-givers and patients that refuse pain medication in the ED. We also hypothesize that there will be a wide range of reasons for refusal. The insight we gain from this study will help nurses, clinical educators, and physicians provide the appropriate information to parents in an effort to target misconceptions and allay fears.
 OBJECTIVES: Our objectives were to characterize the degree of care-giver and patient provision of analgesia prior to arrival, refusal of analgesia in the ED, and reasons behind their decision-making process. We hope to identify specific misconceptions, attitudes, or beliefs that impair the optimal provision of analgesia to children in the ED.
 DESIGN/METHODS: A novel survey was designed by a focus group using an iterative approach and implemented over a 16-week period across two Canadian tertiary care paediatric EDs. We included a consecutive sample of caregivers of children aged 4-17 years with an acutely painful condition (headache, abdominal pain, injury, otitis, pharyngitis). Caregivers were asked to answer questions covering five domains: (i) demographics, (ii) analgesia prior to arrival (iii) analgesia offered in the ED and reasons for refusal, (iv) perceptions of analgesia, and (v) caregiver satisfaction at discharge. Children were asked to rate their pain on arrival and at discharge. The primary outcome was the frequency of caregiver provision of analgesia prior to arrival and the proportion of caregivers who accept the offer of analgesia offered in the ED.
 RESULTS: Three hundred forty-four caregivers completed the survey. The majority were female (269/339, 79%), aged 36 years or older (256/340, 75%) with a post-secondary education (237/336, 71%). Most (309/339, 91%) reported being able to "tell when their child was in pain". All respondents rated their child's maximal pain related to the presenting condition as at least a 6/10. With regards to the primary outcome, 229/338 (68%) of caregivers reported that they did not treat their child's pain prior to arrival in the ED. Of those who did treat their child's pain, ibuprofen was the most commonly used analgesic (77/112, 69%). The most common reasons for withholding analgesia was a lack of time (80/210, 38%), fear of masking seriousness of child's condition (49/210, 23%), fear of masking signs and symptoms (48/210, 23%), and a lack of analgesia at home (47/210, 22%). Analgesia was offered to 186/344 (45%) of children in the ED and the majority of caregivers 157/186 (84%) accepted the offer. The most common reason for not accepting analgesia in the ED was child refusal (15/20, 75%). Most, 231/338 (68%) of caregivers felt that their child's pain was managed well in the ED.
 CONCLUSION: This survey of caregiver perceptions surrounding analgesia for children with acutely painful conditions presenting to the pae-diatric ED suggests that most do not treat their child's pain prior to arrival, despite high levels of pain. Misconceptions surrounding analgesia prior to arrival are common. Despite this, most caregivers accepted analgesia in the ED. Our results suggest that educational strategies should be directed at caregiver awareness of the impact of pain on children and the need for prompt analgesic therapy, even when an ED visit is planned.


Microorganisms of the genus Bacillus that are capable of reducing nitrates and contain chitin and/or chitosan in their cell walls are provided. The microorganism of the invention can be used for improving soil, for treating organic waste by fermentation, for fermenting soybeans, and for reducing bitterness. The microorganism of the invention can also be used as a feed additive or a food additive. Further, the microorganism of the invention has an anti-microbial effect.


Preface by C. Ballard and L.R. Goldman Introduction: Fire and Water: Fluid Ontologies in Melanesian Myths by L.R. Goldman, J. Duffield and C. Ballard Hand, Voice and Myth in Papua New Guinea by J.F. Weiner Sacrifice and Sociality: A Duna Ritual Track by A. Strathern Sacrifice and Regeneration Among Ipilis: The View from Tipini by A. Biersack The Sun by Night: Huli Moral Topography and Myths of a Time of Darkness by C. Ballard A Trickster for All Seasons: The Huli Iba Tiri by L.R. Goldman Myths of Containment, Myths of Extension: Creating Relations Across Boundaries by L. Josephides How the World Turns Upside Down: Changing Geographies of Power and Spiritual Influence Among the Gebusi by B.M. Knauf Index


Video generation refers to the process of creating videos using computational methods with the help of deep learning algorithms. With the advancement of deep learning techniques and the availability of large datasets, video generation has become more sophisticated and has the potential to revolutionize various industries, including entertainment, advertising, and education. This comparative review of video-to-video synthesis models is done to understand the working of both the Vid2Vid and Fast Vid2Vid model. In this comparative review, Vid2Vid delivers 3.44 FID and 0.92 Human Preference Score. In contrast, Fast Vid2Vid, with a two-stage training process, fine-tunes the Vid2Vid model on segmented images and gains 3.10 FID and 0.97 Human Preference Score. Fast Vid2Vid generates high-quality videos at a faster speed than Vid2Vid, making it more suitable for various applications like video editing, video creation, virtual try-on and so on.


ABSTRACT The influence of chemical treatments on the properties of cantala fiber as well as on the quality of the interfacial bonding of cantala fiber/rHDPE was investigated. The fibers were treated with alkali, silane, and a combination of both. The results showed that the loss of hemicellulose and lignin after the alkali treatment, and the presence of a silane layer on the fiber surface after the silane or alkali-silane treatment, improved the thermal stability, surface energy, and IFSS. The highest surface energy of 45.37 mN/m was obtained during the alkali treatment (NF12). The alkali-silane treatment with 0.75% wt of silane (NSF075) gave the highest thermal stability and IFSS value.


The main consequence of persistent replication of the human immunodeficiency virus is the gradual reduction of CD4 positive T lymphocytes, what eventually leads to the loss of immunological competence. The CD4 positive T lymphocytes count by means of flow cytometry is considered an essential part in medical attention and a parameter to identify the disease as well as a useful guide to clinical treatment.


Computers are now perceived as a required resource by business, education, and government, as well as in personal life. The rates of adoption of information technologies among these groups (business, education, government, family/individual) have varied, which may have created knowledge gaps. Based on the data collected from a telephone survey in a Midwest city and interviews with recent communication major college graduates, a study focused on the analysis of the gap between the prospective employers and the communication major college graduates. Although the quantitative data do not show a "gap" of computer skills perceived by the majority of the companies surveyed, the "gap" is found in an indirect way which has been experienced by many communication major alumni. It is described as: "Computer literate people get better jobs." Diffusion of innovation concept and models are employed to discuss the findings. Finally, adding a basic computer class as a required course onto undergraduate curricula is recommended. (Contains 21 references; a sample telephone survey, interview questions, and two charts showing relevant data are appended.) (Author/CR) ******************************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************************** The Diffusion of Computer Skills in Communication Curricula: Is There a Gap between the Educational Experience and Employers' Needs? Joyce Chen Ronnie Bankston Department of Communication Studies University of Northern Iowa Cedar Falls, IA 50614-0357 (319)273-2574 U.S. DEPARTMENT OP EDUCATION Office of Educational Research end Improvement ED 'RONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) his document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it O Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction Quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Paper presented at the Central States Communication Association Convention, April 2-5, 1998, Chicago The Diffusion of Computer Skills in Communication Curricula: Is There a Gap between the Educational Experience and Employers' Needs?


We investigate the possibility of extending Newton's second law to the general framework of theories in which special relativity is locally valid, and in which gravitation changes the flat Galilean space-time metric into a curved metric. This framework is first recalled, underlining the possibility to uniquely define a space metric and a local time in any given reference frame, hence to define velocity and momentum in terms of the local space and time standards. It is shown that a unique consistent definition can be given for the derivative of a vector (the momentum) along a trajectory. Then the possible form of the gravitation force is investigated. It is shown that, if the motion of free particles has to follow space-time geodesics, then the expression for the gravity acceleration is determined uniquely. It depends on the variation of the metric with space and time, and it involves the velocity of the particle.


From the experimental results with ESR in combination with other methods, a Modulated Crystal Structure with the twined Y-unit-cells in YBa 2Cu3Ox (YBCO) ceramics have been revealed, in which appear two different types of the Electron Spin Superexchange Coupled Pairs [Cu-Y-Cu]: A Singlet Pair on the long diagonal of the twined Y-unit-cell by the modulated angle of 72° corresponds to the superconducting phase and a Triplet Pair on the short diagonal of the twined Y-unit-cell by the modulated angle of 78° corresponds to the semiconducting phase. The persistence of the Spin Coupled Pairs as well as the Superconducting Mechanism in YBCO are in close connection with this Modulated Structure. On the basis of the behaviour of the quasi-free electrons in the Y-unit-cell as a Nano Resonant Cavity of the Short-Range Order Structure it can be explained and derived some fundamental problems of the superconductivity in YBCO such as the existence of the spin gap Egs(T), the role playing of the Singlet [Cu-Y-Cu] Electron Coupled Pair as a new type of the Cooper Pair, an equation determining the superconducting transition temperature Tc, and an equation determining the temperature Tx for the conductivity maximum point in the semiconducting phase. The calculated results are in a very good correspondence to the respective measured data.


In this paper, a structure theorem of abstract multiplicative maps on B(X) is given, where X is a Banach space with dimX=∞. Based on this structure theorem, the multiplicative maps on B(X) are characterized if they are rank-preserving, corank-preserving, spectrum-preserving, spectral radius-preserving, or identity-sum-preserving. Moreover, new characterizations of isomorphisms and conjugate isomorphisms on B(X) are given in terms of multiplicative maps.


In a response to a growing demand for environments of 70dB or less noise levels, many industrial sectors have focused with some form of noise control system. Active noise control (ANC) has proven to be the most effective technology. This paper mainly investigates application of neural network on self-adaptation system in active noise control (ANC). An active silencing control system is made which adopts a motional feedback loudspeaker as not a noise controlling source but a detecting sensor. The working fundamentals and the characteristics of the motional feedback loudspeaker are analyzed in detail. By analyzing each acoustical path, identification based adaptive linear neural network is built. This kind of identifying method can be achieved conveniently. The estimated result of each sound channel matches well with its real sound character, respectively. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v10i7.1580 Full Text: PDF


To meet the requirements of micro airborne electro-optical tracking system for MUAV,a real-time image tracking processing system is introduced.The system is constructed by the high performance DSP chipset TMS320 DM642 as the core digital processor,integrated with the reprogrammable logic chipset CPLD and FPGA as the image preprocessing chipset.Particle filter is implemented as object tracking algorithm.Kalman filter is applied to increasing the speed of computation and solving the delay of image tracking system.Finally,the experiment is given to demonstrate that the algorithm work well in real-time and robust.


In dual cultures Fusarium lateritium Nees ex Link coiled, penetrated and destroyed young actively growing hyphae of Botrytis cinerea Pers., Cytospora rubescens Fr., Eutypa armeniacae Hansf. et Carter, Sphaeropsis malorum Peck, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, Trichoderma koningii Oud. (Tk-1) and Trichoderma hamatum (Bon.) Bain. (Tha-2), and conidiophores and conidia of Botrytis cinerea Pers. The isolates of Trichoderma koningii Oud. (Tk-3) and Trichoderma pseudokoningii Rifai (Tp-1) parasited and destroyed the hyphae of Fusarium lateritium. There was no hyphal interaction between Fusarium lateritium and an isolate of Trichoderma longibrachiatum Rifai. Hyphal, interactions occurred mostly on the aerial hyphae of test fungi which grew over the inhibition zone formed between the colonies of Fusarium lateritium and the test fungus, and contacted the hyphae of Fusarium lateritium.

Details of dual culture studies are given.


This article introduces a method for computing weighted averages on spheres based on least squares minimization that respects spherical distance. We prove existence and uniqueness properties of the weighted averages, and give fast iterative algorithms with linear and quadratic convergence rates. Our methods are appropriate to problems involving averages of spherical data in meteorological, geophysical, and astronomical applications. One simple application is a method for smooth averaging of quaternions, which generalizes Shoemake's spherical linear interpolation.The weighted averages methods allow a novel method of defining Bézier and spline curves on spheres, which provides direct generalization of Bézier and B-spline curves to spherical spline curves. We present a fast algorithm for spline interpolation on spheres. Our spherical splines allow the use of arbitrary knot positions; potential applications of spherical splines include smooth quaternion curves for applications in graphics, animation, robotics, and motion planning.


Traditional lexicon-based approaches for sentiment analysis are usually not able to model negation, as they do not provide proper techniques to identify the right negation window. In this work we address the problem of the automatic determination of the scope of negation and we present a negation handling algorithm based on dependency-based parse trees. The proposal is based on the use of grammatical relations among words to model a sentence, and hence to determine words that are affected by negation. The proposed algorithm has been coupled with a semantic disambiguation technique to identify the sentiment of a sentence. Experiments on different datasets have proven that our proposal improves the accuracy of the sentiment analysis. The proposed algorithm has been implemented as part of a Social Information Discovery system, which allows for an integrated near-real-time analysis of discussions from multiple social networks.


This study evaluates the long-term implications of the unprecedented yet evolving post Dodd-Frank Act regulatory framework pertaining to the private fund industry. The Author collected and coded data for a population of 1267 registered investment advisers. Respondents (N=69) answered questions in several categories designed to identify cost, compliance, and management issues associated with the post Dodd-Frank Act regulatory framework. The findings in this study suggest that the industry is mostly affected by the uncertainty and higher costs associated with the Act, but under multiple metrics the industry appears to be coping well overall with the evolving post Dodd-Frank Act regulatory landscape.


Abstract Comedic representations of the counterculture have been primarily investigated in literature, television, and film studies across the world, though music depictions of these movements remain relatively unexplored. This gap in analysis misses a number of musicians and comedians expressing their anti-status quo viewpoints via song. In this paper, the researcher briefly covers this history of funny music counterculture, leading up to a focus on one of the most successful comedy singers, 'Weird Al' Yankovic, who for over 40 years has been addressing the importance of fighting peer pressure while mocking the elite. A central argument in this paper involves Yankovic combining various elements of popular culture and mixing in defiant themes, making them palatable for wider audiences through a rebellious perspective, often pointing out the absurdities and tropes of the pop music industry in the process. Beginning his career in the late 1970s, Yankovic has not only continued to cover relevant cultural issues through his parodies and original songs, but has also served as a court jester who pokes fun of the lifestyles and extravagance far out of reach from the general population.


Early clinical trials collected data on punch cards and then on paper. As computers became accessible, trialists began to enter data into a database towards the end of a trial and cleaned it before the analysis. As data started being entered centrally into computer databases on receipt of forms, trialists recognised that it was better to clean the data in real time. Many considered double data entry to reduce the amount of data cleaning. Now, with increasing use of electronic data capture to replace paper forms, staff at trial sites are entering data directly into databases and are prompted in real time with automated data checks. Further data cleaning is led centrally, often by trial managers and statisticians, and is achieved through checking against prescriptive or plausible ranges, by checking for logical sequences of events, and by checking that critical data ('key variables') are not missing. Van den Broeck and colleagues offer some advice on best practice for data cleaning. Monitoring of trials began with 100% source data verification – double-checking that the data on case report forms matched the patient's hospital notes – and process checking at on-site monitoring visits. This required many dedicated monitors combing through hospital notes. Trials with more modest budgets conducted source data verification on only a sample of participants or a subset of datapoints (critical data). Trialists began to conduct central reviews of the database and to contact sites or make an on-site monitoring visit if the central review showed an apparent need. Risk-based monitoring was enshrined in International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) GCP E6(R2) in 2016 and amended in 2018, with all trials encouraged into this monitoring strategy. In riskbased monitoring, the monitoring activities are focussed on preventing or mitigating risks to data quality that are both important and likely. These must be risks to processes critical to human participant protection (rights, safety and wellbeing) or to trial integrity. Rather than monitoring broadly all aspects of the trial, monitoring is directed at these pre-defined risks to the trial and also to risks which become apparent during the trial. Risk-based monitoring often starts with central monitoring which is monitoring performed in a location away from the investigator site and often at clinical trial unit/sponsor offices. It involves an evaluation of accumulating data (or lack thereof), performed in a timely manner and supported by appropriately qualified and trained persons. This central monitoring is followed by escalation to an on-site monitoring visit, if concerns about a site warrant it. Some element of source data verification may be mandated, but often only for a small selection of data or participants. Monitoring is applicable to all trials, with clinical trials of investigational medicinal products tending to have a higher risk and therefore requiring more extensive monitoring. It is particularly the terms and processes of central monitoring and data cleaning that are confused. Table 1 defines data cleaning and central monitoring. As an example, a data cleaning activity might be sending out a list of queries for site teams to resolve, whereas a related central monitoring activity might be looking at query resolution rates across different sites and escalating, if a certain percentage of queries have


This study examines the laser ignition of methane-air mixtures in a Rapid Compression Machine (RCM). The lean limit and the Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) were investigated in the engine-like conditions provided by the RCM.


In this paper, we propose a system for topic and duplicate detection in QA data extracted from the web. The topic detection method is based on a customised Naive Bayes text classifier trained on Wikipedia data and a custom topic taxonomy. The duplicate detection method is based on three variations on the Jaccard similarity measure. We present evaluation measures and promising results that show that the proposed methods perform competitively when compared to human assessments.


T HE CURRENT Columbia Valley Administration (CVA) proposal, Senate Bill 1645, is not a mere inspiration removed from the realities of federal administration in the Pacific Northwest, but has evolved from the working experiences of those who for many years have sought to draw the varied federal functions in the region into a balanced and coherent plan for the conservation and development of the abundant natural resources found in this region. Insights into the art of resources management have accumulated from the days of the National Resources Planning Board and its Northwest Regional Planning Commission to the current structure of inter-agency and intra-departmental committees. They have found their way into the CVA bill now before the Congress, and many students of resources management who are reluctant to approve the concept of the valley authority have been able to endorse the bill as the most reasonable authority scheme yet devised for the Northwest. It is clear, however, that the striking success of the Tennessee Valley Authority has served both as an example and as a stimulus to advocates of administrative reform. The triumph of organization by area, rather than by function, along the Tennessee pattern has been dramatized for the Northwest by several significant regional facts. Public awareness of the need for conservation has grown under the impact of rapidly diminishing forest resources and an increasingly serious loss of soil, fertility, and grazing opportunities. As the extractive industries have become pressed, the people of the region have looked toward industrialization based on hydroelectric power as a means of absorbing an unprecedented influx of citizens. The extensive power developments at Bonneville and Grand Coulee signaled the entrance of the federal government into the electric energy production and transmission business, but despite these and other structures, the rapid growth of the Northwest during and after World War II resulted in a power shortage which continues even now, much to the economic discomfort of the four states comprising this region. Moreover, the federal government's resources programs have not always been in complete harmony, and occasionally strife, competition, and inadequate planning have come to public attention. Finally, the flood disaster in the spring of 1948, and serious high waters recently have focused public gaze on the need for coordinated harnessing of the Columbia River system for flood control as well as power, navigation and irrigation. It was against this background of sentiment and experience that the current CVA proposal emerged. 607


Objective:To observe the inhibitive effect of the serum containing Abrus mollis on hepatitis B virus(HBV).Method: HepG2.2.15 cells were cultured in medium containing the serum with A.mollis for 72 h and 144 h.The Effect of the serum containing A.mollis on HBsAg and HBV DNA reproduction in culture media of the HepG2.2.15 cells were determined by ELISA and fluorescence quantitative pdymerase chain reaction(FQ-PCR).Result: The serum containing A.mollis had a inhibiting effect on the HBsAg and HBV DNA reproduction with maximum inhibition ratio adding up to 34.4% and 41.7% respectively in which the affective time is 144 h and the density is 30 g·kg-1·d-1.Conclusion: A.mollis can significantly inhibit HBV in vitro.


OBJECTIVE
To analyze the clinical presentation, staging, grading, and therapy of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of the head and neck.

METHOD
A retrospective study of 25 patients with NHL of the head and neck was carried out in our hospital from March, 2000 to April, 2004.

RESULT
Among 25 cases, 11 cases occurred in Waldeyer's ring that was the most common site of disease, 8 cases in nasal cavity, 1 case in paranasal sinuses, 4 cases in lymph nodes of the neck, and 1 case in salivary glands. Three patients with sinonasal tract lymphoma died.

CONCLUSION
The prognosis of NHL of the head and neck is related to site, stage and histologic grade. And they are highly curable if treated appropriately.


Filipino barrios are mostly rural villages. They are, in legal parlance, the smallest political subdivisions in the Philippine system of local governments. Before the fifties barrio government was virtually non-existent. Although there were barrio lieutenants appointed by municipal mayors, it was not until the mid-fifties that councils began to give the barrios a semblance of government — mostly in form rather than in substance —similar to the commission plan of American local government. Under the unitary system of Filipino government, all local governments, except those in the chartered cities, are governed by the Revised Administrative Code. To give the barrio a government of its own and to grant its citizens the right to vote for their own officials would require an amendment to this Code by the Philippine Congress. Thus, the establishment of the first elective barrio councils in 1956 was the result of an amendment to an appropriate section of that Code. Later in 1959 the Philippine Congress became more generous by granting the barrios a general charter which defined in more definitive terms the scope and nature of barrio councils and the manner in which members of these councils were chosen. The purpose of this article is to identify the major issues on the barrio electoral process which confronted the Philippine Congress and to provide some insight into the manner in which these issues were resolved.


Support for integration versus separatism and approach versus avoldance reactions among junior and senior high school students was examined in integrated and segregated schools. Two surveys of a panel of black and white students in selected Milwaukee public schools were conducted in the spring of 1974 and the spring of 1975. The approach-avoidance and integration-separatism dimensions emerged from a factor analysis of racial attitude items. Black students in all-black schools scored more on the avoidance end of the approach-avoidance dimension while the black students in the integrated schools scored more on the approach end. The black students in the all-black schools, however, tended to score on the integration end of the integration-separatism dimension while the black students in the integrated schools tended to score on the separatism end. The attitudes of the students in the all-black schools changed towards those in the integrated school during the year between interviews. Reasons for the changes are suggested and partially tested with additional analysis. White students in essentially all-white schools scored on the avoidance and separatism end of the two dimensions. White students in mixed Latin schools were more acceptant of the minority students than the white students in the mixed black schools.


Following earlier field-scale pilot work on nuclear site materials in the late 2000s, there has recently been renewed research and industry interest in the application of electrokinetic technologies for nuclear...


This study sampled the current state of technological literacy in Rhode Island high schools using a new instrument, the Technological Literacy Assessment, which was developed for this study. Gender inequalities in technological literacy were discovered, and possible causes and solutions are presented. This study suggests possible next steps for technology teachers, teacher educators, curriculum developers, and policy makers to move technology education forward and lays the groundwork for further studies of technological literacy. The Standards for Technological Literacy (International Technology Education Association [ITEA], 2007) were used as the benchmarks measured in this study.


Abstract Poultry carcasses were sampled for bacterial counts by two methods of swabbing an area of skin delineated by 12.3 cm.2 fiberboard template. In the first, or "standard" method, the skin could slip under the template during swabbing, thus an area larger than the nominal template area was swabbed. In the second method, skin slippage was prevented by an anchoring device, but the count did not differ significantly from the count by the first method. When swab sampling, random variations among counts were so great that the additional variation due to mean differences in size of area swabbed of ±2 cm.2 of nominal 12.3 cm.2 area did not significantly affect counts.