Client relationship management (CRM) is now one of the important conceptions being discussed in both corporations and academia. A perfect CRM system can effectively increase a corporation's power of competition. It's a heart matter of CRM to do the effective analysis of clients, especially the classification of clients. This paper puts forward a client classifying algorithm based on rough set theory for this matter, discussing its practicability in CRM. This algorithm gets a sample by the sampling method based on historical data of clients. Then specialist classifies the clients in the sample. It calculates the important degree of attributes according to information quantity reduces the attributes and works out the reduced decision form to the rules of rough decision. Finally, this algorithm mines in the gross of client's data by the rules of rough decision then can finish classification of clients.


The recovery of fluorine in tail gas of SSP production and the production of 24% commercial fluosilicic acid(liquid)with byproduct sodium silicofluoride are introduced in process, equipment and its working parameter, and corrosion protection. The plant has stable operation, its product concentration keeps more than 24%, the fluorine of exhaust waste gas less than 0.1 g/m 3(STD., Dry), total economic benefit is about 370 k RMB Yuan.


One of the main differences between Greek-Latin parts of speech theory and the parts of speech theory of so-called traditional linguistics lies in the presence of the adjective as an independent word class, but hitherto the literature on the topic has not discussed this question specifically. The paper therefore analyzes the definitions of the noun, the verb and the epithet-adjective class from Dionysius Thrax to the Port Royal grammar with the aim of demonstrating that the birth of the adjective as an independent word class, as well as the stabilization of the labels  nomen substantivum and  nomen adjectivum with reference to the common noun and the adjective, depend on the reinterpretation of Aristotle's metaphysics in the light of Neo-platonic ontology in the Middle Ages.


Motivated by the increasing use of the Kennicutt-Schmidt (K-S) star formation law to interpret observations of high-redshift galaxies, the importance of gas accretion to galaxy formation, and the recent observations of chemical abundances in galaxies at z ∼ 2-3, I use simple analytical models to assess the consistency of these processes of galaxy evolution with observations and with each other. I derive the time dependence of star formation implied by the K-S law and show that the sustained high star formation rates observed in galaxies at z ∼ 2-3 require the accretion of additional gas. A model in which the gas accretion rate is approximately equal to the combined star formation and outflow rates broadly reproduces the observed trends of star formation rate with galaxy age. Using an analytical description of chemical evolution, I also show that this model, further constrained to have an outflow rate roughly equal to the star formation rate, reproduces the observed mass-metallicity relation at z ∼ 2.


A new borates with formula Na_2B_4O_(10)·(H_2O)_(8.5) was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction. It crystallized in the Rhombohedral system, space group R_(32) with a = 11.1133(16),b = 11.1133(16),c = 21.154(6). The structure was further confirmed by TGA and IR spectrum.


Thispaperdescribes a rebreathing methodforthesimultaneous measurementof oxygenconsumption (Vo2) andeffective pulmonary blood flow(P.eff) atrest andduring exercise. Subjects rebreathed a test gasconsisting of35%oxygen,3-5%chlorodifluoromethane (freon-22), and10%argoninnitrogen for30seconds oruntil therespired oxygentension fell tobelow133kPa. Sixty normalsubjects werestudied on a motorised treadmill, theBruceprotocol being used. The rebreathing manoeuvrewasperformed atthree minute intervals, andwasinitially practised sitting down.Measurements werethenmadewiththesubjects standing atrest, andsubsequently during the last minute ofeachstage oftheBruce exercise protocol until thesubjects wereexhausted. Heartrate was recorded fromtheelectrocardiogram. Oxygen uptake plotted against calculated power(watts) showed adiscontinuity between resting andexercise values, probably because poweroutput during treadmill exercise isunderestimated. Thearbitrary addition of30watts totheexercise poweroutput abolished this discontinuity. There was goodagreement between rebreathing estimates ofoxygen consumption andvalues measured during a second exercise testbytheconventional opencircuit argondilution method. Coefficients ofvariation ofoxygenconsumption andeffective pulmonary blood flow measured byrebreathing wereusually less than10%evenduring maximal exertion. Atrest mean (SD)effective pulmonary bloodflowcorrected forbodysurface areawas22(046)1/min/m2. Effective pulmonary blood flow roselinearly withoxygenconsumption. Atrestthearteriovenous oxygencontent difference forpulmonary blood(VO2/0P efi) was91(16)ml/dl, rising toamaximum of16-4 (18)ml/dl. Thestroke volume index was 275(68)ml/m2, rising toamaximumof465(71) ml/m2 during exertion.


Based on the theory of elastic mechanics,the improved formulae of strain layering-peeling are deduced to adapt for the two strains,i.e.,the tensile and compressive strains due to relevant stress distributions in pre-stretched thick aluminum plate.To verify the exactness of the method,the known initial internal stresses are applied to specimen by FEM,and the process of layering peeled material is simulated using the Live and Death technique to solve the deep layer stress by way of substituting the strains thus obtained into the VB data processing system based on the deduced formulae.Comparing the solved stresses with known initial stresses,it is found that both coincide well with each other.The result reveals that the method proposed can be used to measure the residual stresses in pre-stretched thick aluminum plate.


The activity of genes in health and disease are manifested through the proteins which they encode. Ultimately, proteins drive functional processes in cells and tissues and so by measuring individual protein levels, studying modifications and discovering their sites of action we will understand better their function. It is possible to visualize the location of proteins of interest in tissue sections using labeled antibodies which bind to the target protein. This procedure, known as immunohistochemistry (IHC), provides valuable information on the cellular and sub-cellular distribution of proteins in tissue. The project, atlas of protein expression, aims to create a quality, information rich database of protein expression profiles, which is accessible to the world-wide research community. For the long term archival value of the data, the accompanying validated antibody and protein clones will potentially have great research, diagnostic and possibly therapeutic potential. To achieve this we had introduced a number of novel technologies, e.g. express recombinant proteins, select antibodies, stain proteins present in tissue section, and tissue microarray (TMA) image analysis. These are currently being optimized, automated and integrated into a multi-disciplinary production process. We had also created infrastructure for multi-terabyte scale image capture, established an image analysis capability for initial screening and quantization.


Abstract : Pyrolysis of CoF3 results in the conversion of CoF3 to CoF2, releasing fluorine gas in the process. The kinetics of the pyrolysis is a function of temperature. The maximum fluorine yield was found to be about 67% of the theoretical value. Loss of fluorine is attributable to the reaction of fluorine with the surface of the reaction vessel at elevated temperature. (Author)


Map of Croatia Learning Croatian Alphabet and pronunciation 1 Na putu On the way The verb biti (to be) personal pronouns: I, you, etc. basic word order formation of questions introducing yourself nationalities 2 Razgovor o putovanju Conversation about traveling Main conjugations of verbs verbal aspect reflexive verbs adverbs 3 Dolazak u Zagreb Arrival in Zagreb Nouns: the nominative case, the vocative case simple letters adjectives from proper nouns double negatives 4 Svatko ide na svoju stranu Each goes his own way Accusative case, accusative after certain prepositions genitive case questions and answers sentence building with the genitive prepositions 5 Dolazak u hotel Arrival at the hotel The dative case, the locative case the instrumental case, a telephone conversation 6 Razgovor o stanu Conversation about a flat Adjectives nominative case of adjectives vocabulary about flats and furniture 7 Na popti At the post office Cardinal numbers 1, 2, 3, etc use of verbs with numbers telephone conversations 8 U restoranu In the restaurant Ordering meals adjectives: genitive case, accusative case food and drink 9 Na ulici In the street Street directions adjectives: dative and instrumental prepositions reflexive verbs 10 Posjet prijateljima Visit to friends The past tense word order past tense questions negative past tense emphatic use of pronouns use of verbs with numbers 11 Obiteljski odnosi Family relationships Personal pronoun declensions vocabulary of family relationships word order (3) use of pronouns 12 Putni planovi Travel plans The future tense using the long form of the future auxiliary structures with the future tense 13 U kazalip t u At the theatre Ordinal numbers: first, second, etc. periods of time dates days of the week time of day 14 Pakiranje Packing Comparative of adjectives comparative of adverbs structures with the comparative the superlative clothes, colours 15 Polazak Departure Demonstrative pronouns: 'this', 'that' possessive adjectives preparing for a car journey driving, route planning 16 U kvaru Breakdown Possessive pronouns: my, your, etc. future perfect tense parts of a car 17 U kupnji Shopping Interrogative pronouns: 'who', 'what', etc. relative pronouns: 'who', 'which', etc. shopping for food aspect 2 lost items, visiting a police station 18 Prometna nesreAea Road accident Imperative, negative imperatives adjective phrases expressed by verbs aspect 3 parts of the body 19 Razgovor o svakodnevnom a i v ot u Conversation about everyday life Conditional: 'I would', etc. conditional clauses reflexive phrases 20 Kraj The end Participles: 'being', 'having been', etc verbal nouns Grammar summary Key to main exercises Translations of main texts Croatian-English glossary English-Croatian glossary Subject index


This article outlines a republican perspective on disability. We argue that a commitment to ensuring the republican freedom of disabled citizens offers a promising account of what disabled citizens are owed as a matter of justice. A republican perspective offers a particular diagnosis of the injustice of disability disadvantage, both in relation to individuals (dominium) and the state (imperium), that is congenial to prominent concerns voiced by the disability rights movement. This article also offers a brief outline of three republican remedies: the right of social participation, the right of opportunities for civic contribution, and the right of democratic contestation. These remedies constitute key guidelines for the robust institutional protection of disabled citizens' republican freedom.


In the gear fault diagnosis,the sampling signal is inevitably polluted by all kinds of noise and interference,and the measured signals are typical non-stationary signals.Therefore,de-noising and feature extraction are the key step in the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of gearbox.Traditional signal processing methods are unsatisfactory in signal denoising.Wavelet Transform as a signal processing method is developed rapidly in recent years,and it is very effective to analyze non-stationary signals.In this paper,the wavelet transform was applied to the analysis and de-noises on the sampling data of a reducer gearbox using wavelet theory based on the MATLAB environment and the characteristic of the cycle fault of the gear was extracted,which established a foundation for the further fault diagnosis.


The needs of cabbages tends to increase. Meanwhile, cabbage production is not optimal and just seasonal. However, demands of cabbages in export field are high so, it makes the cabbage farming is a strategic area to be developed. To increase production through increasing the use of inputs and using new technologies is relatively difficult because it requires high costs. Therefore,  increasing production by improving farming efficiency is a relevant option. Farmers' managerial skills and their combining various production inputs ability will affect the production. Efficient use of input amount (allocative efficiency) and a good technical efficiency are important for increasing the production. Production of cabbage farming efficiency was analyzed by using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). The results of the analysis showed that the technical, allocative and economic efficiency of cabbage farming in Karo District had not achieved. The average of the technical, allocative and economic efficiency values of the respondent were 0.697, 0.374 and 0.215. These results indicate that low efficiency is a contributing factor to the low productivity of the cabbage farmer respondents' in Karo District. Several factors that have a significant effect on the efficiency are farming experience, labor ratio, land ownership status and cabbage lifespan.


The vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) after the insertion of a JJ stent is a
 pathological entity characterized by the impossibility of the vesicoureteric
 junction (VUJ) to exhibit its sphincterian functioning that allows the
 unidirectional flow of urine from the ureter to the bladder. This happens as
 long as the catheter is in place, and after its suppression due to
 traumatization of the ureterovesical junction, which loses its tonicity and
 ability to ensure urinary unidirectional flow. Reflux acute pyelonephritis is
 the acute inflammation of the renal tract and parenchyma resulting from
 stagnation of infected urine for long periods of time due to vesicoureteral
 reflux. We have noted multiple cases which, after the insertion of a JJ
 stent, presented reflux acute pyelonephritis due VUR, we considered the
 causes favoring these aspects. We focused on the frequency of reflux acute
 pyelonephritis and identified factors that could be used to advise patients
 with JJ stents.


THE growth, since 1919. of inter-governmental organisations tending towards universality of membership has permitted and promoted the growth of a new approach to comparative law studies. Even to the present day, most works on comparative law take the form of a comparison of the laws of a strictly limited number of countries on a given topic. Particular stress is often placed on the difference between the common law and the civil law approaches, and it is probably true to say that comparative lawyers have shown more interest in private than in public law. The information made available in recent decades by inter-governmental organisations permits a shift of emphasis in comparative law studies in all three respects. The activities of, in particular, the International Labour Organisation and the United Nations, having a membership consisting of most of the States of the world, have entailed the collection and publication of a mass of legal information, often as a by-product of some other process. The drafting of treaties, declarations and recommendations addressed to governments would often be preceded by the collection of information, in order to establish the existing legal situation on the national level in relation to the matter in hand: this would be done with a view to finding the area which could profitably be covered by an international instrument, what type of instrument was appropriate and how high a standard it could realistically lay down. The information assembled would often be published. Governments have taken part in procedures for reporting on developments in specified connections, either under obligations laid down by the Constitution of the ILO or by treaties ratified by them, and these reports have been summarised and published. The same treatment has been given to the product of certain voluntary reporting procedures which the United Nations has developed. Most, if not ail, near-universal inter-governmental organisations operate technical assistance programmes, and these have typically included the holding


The issues in polysemy with respect to the verbs in WordNet will be discussed in this paper. The hypernymy/hyponymy structure of the multiple senses is observed when we try to build a bilingual network for Chinese and English. There are several types of polysemic patterns and a co-hypernym may have the same word form as its subordinates. Fellbaum (2000) dubbed autotroponymy that the verbs linked by manner relation share the same verb form. However, her syntactic criteria seem not compatible to the hierarchies in WN. Either the criteria or the network should be reconducted. For most verbs in WN 1.7, polysemous relations are unlikely to extend over 3 levels of IS-A relation. Highly polysemous verbs are more complicated and may be involved in certain semantic structures. Semi-automatic sense grouping may be helpful for multimlinguital information retrieveal.


A review is given of recent progress in the theory of electron collisions with atoms, ions, and molecules. In particular, new theoretical methods are described, stimulated by the rapidly increasing power and availability of high performance computers, which are enabling reliable calculations to be carried out for the first time for complex targets of importance in many applications. Emphasis is given to comparing theoretical predictions with experiments wherever possible.


OBJECTIVE
To screen for mutation hotspot of Wilson disease (WD) gene in Chinese population.

METHODS
Cycle sequencing was used to detect mutation in exon 8 of WD gene in 30 patients with Wilson disease.

RESULTS
The same missense mutation, Arg779Leu, was identified in 14 WD patients, four of whom were homozygous and the other heterozygous for this mutation. The frequency of this mutation in Chinese patients was 30%.

CONCLUSION
The codon 779 (CCG-->CTG) of exon 8 of WD gene was one of mutation hotspots in Chinese.


At the time of this March interview, Ismail Pishori was with Hewlett-Packard serving as the worldwide director of risk management and compliance for the financial services industry. He's since left the company. HP spokespersons say his comments--presented below--still reflect the organization's position about how to best enhance a risk management practice. HP offers a data warehouse and application suite that simplifies much of the set-up work associated with developing data models. Complex risks have always been with the banking industry, but automation is increasingly required. Why? There's more information to track. I would argue that each category of risk is more complex. When combined, they interplay to create enterprise risk. While banks have always been in the business of arbitraging market and credit risk and running efficient operations, they do need to work differently now--to detail risks down to specific aspects of operations. They also need to see how factors would interplay to affect the overall risk profile. Leaders in the field--Citi, JPMorganChase, Duestche, and their ilk--are advancing their abilities to create detailed measures and putting a tot of pressure on those who follow to improve. Where are banks in their risk management learning curve? Despite the progress we've made in the U.S., I'd say you still have a scenario where a few "standouts" are working inventively with people, process, and technology to develop a feasible risk management business process and tool set. Many others are struggling with the data and to populate a data warehouse, or struggling to create data models that can give them a view of the enterprise. I'd give banks an A for effort, but a C minus on implementation right now. The truth is, everyone is just getting started. What do banks need to do to improve their risk management practices? Banks will need to be increasingly proactive over time. To do this well, banks will need to improve analysis and data gathering and normalization processes, especially when it comes to handling credit risk and figuring out portfolio concentrations and the like. With operational risk, it isn't so much that there are more outliers--by definition there aren't--despite more awareness of the possibility of terrorism here. However, a given firm needs to know how its automation may be vulnerable because IT is so intertwined in at[ business process. Meanwhile, those outliers get more press coverage. What other pressures are out there? Base II is still a factor--even though U. …


Objective : Recently interest of fermented herb medicine has increased in Oriental medicine. Herb medicine fermented in a proper condition resultingly has better or new virtue by microbe. This study was designed to compare the anti-inflammatory effects of herbal decoction and fermented herbal decoct...


Interaction and Coordination of Tools for Structured Data.- Modelling Coordination in Biological Systems.- A Rule Markup Language and Its Application to UML.- Using XML Transformations for Enterprise Architectures.- Classification and Utilization of Abstractions for Optimization.- On the Correctness of Transformations in Compiler Back-Ends.- Accurate Theorem Proving for Program Verification.- Designing Safe, Reliable Systems Using Scade.- Decreasing Maintenance Costs by Introducing Formal Analysis of Real-Time Behavior in Industrial Settings.- Static Timing Analysis of Real-Time Operating System Code.- A Case Study in Domain-Customized Model Checking for Real-Time Component Software.- Models for Contract Conformance.


In this thesis, we focused on the optimization of the soft landing polish step in a Cu chemical mechanical planarization (Cu CMP) process. With the optimized soft landing polish, one can achieve a better uniformity and less Cu residue, dishing, erosion, etc. Cu CMP has both bulk polishing and soft landing polish steps to flat wafer surface. During the CMP process, bulk polishing step removes the most Cu layer firstly, then using the soft landing polish step to eliminate the Cu residue preciously. However, the soft landing polish would face various materials such as Cu metal layer, barrier, dielectric layer and oxide during etc in the same time, thus should be paid more attention. In this work, we adopted the Cu CMP machine (Mirra Mesa, Applied Materials) commonly used in an 8" and 12" foundry for study. The optimization study includes (1) the effect polishing pressure on uniformity; (2) the effect of polishing platen leveling on uniformity; (3) the effect depth of polish pad grooves on remove rate and uniformity. After study in a production line for more than one year, we obtained an applicable and better procedure for the soft landing polish. It is worthy to note, the polishing working pressure modify and PAD platen surface leveling control and PAD surface groove depth control the remove rate and uniformity that be improved in the optimized procedure can be executed without change the design of CMP equipment.


It is widely accepted that sustainable industrial production and the generation of clean energy must be two of the pillars of our society. Huge amounts of resources for research and technological development in this direction have been dedicated. Catalysis is one of the driving force of these advances. Catalyzed chemical processes allow to increase production, reduce the number of reaction steps, work under more favorable energy conditions and generate less byproducts than the uncatalyzed processes. The improvement of the catalyst stability and selectivity is a fundamental and strategic research for achieving sustainable industrial production and clean energy generation. In this respect, this thesis focused on improving the current state-of-the-art by the design, synthesis and screening of new molecular catalysts very active and selective for catalytic reactions of industrial interest and for water oxidation. The main innovations can been divided in two parts:The first part of the thesis (done in the ICIQ, 2012-15) is about perfluoroalkylation of aromatic substrates. Perfluoroalkylated organic compounds have an outstanding place in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. There are some famous drugs containing CF3 and C2F5 groups and also compounds including C2F5 group are more biologically active. Therefore, the development of new suitable protocols for their synthesis are an important field of research. After the introduction (Chapter 1), Chapter 2 is focused in perfluoroalkylation of organic compounds. This part is divided in two sections. Section 2.1 presents the first continuous flow process for the synthesis of a superior trifluoromethylating reagent, "ligandless" CuCF3, from fluoroform, by far the best CF3 source in terms of availability, cost and atom economy. In section 2.2, the target was the trifluoromethylation and pentafluoroethylation of a variety of vinylic bromides and iodides (44 examples with several electron donating and withdrawing groups) with RfHderived CuRf (Rf = CF3, C2F5) to give the corresponding fluroalkylated olefins. These reactions proceed with high yields and excellent chemo- and stereoselectivity under mild reaction conditions. The second part of the thesis (done in the URV, 2015-17) is about the preparation of tailor-made catalysts for C-X forming (transfer hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and intermolecular Heck reactions) and water oxidation reactions. This part of the thesis is divided in four parts. The first part is a general introduction (Chapter 3) about the importance of the design and preparation of ligands in the synthesis of organic compounds and then a detailed review of the four reaction studied are contemplated.Chapter 4 contains two sections on the development of new Ru- and Ir-complexes with mesionic carbene-based ligands. The first section 4.1 includes the synthesis and characterization of iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) complexes bearing pendant hydroxyand ester-wingtip substituents. Both monodentated and C,O-bidentated binding modes were observed for these O-functionalised triazolylidene complexes. The catalytic activity of the complexes was compared in transfer hydrogenation, revealing that pendant hydroxyfunctionalities are beneficial for enhancing the performance of triazolylidene iridium(III) catalysts, while they have no effect in ruthenium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation. The second section 4.2 reports the first examples of mixed benzoxazole/thiazole-MIC ligands. We used these ligands to generate the corresponding Ir(I) and Ir(III) benzoxazole/thiazole/ether-appended MIC complexes. The coordination was achieved by a transmetallation protocol and the corresponding complexes were fully characterized. Apart from synthetic and structural aspects, we also present the successful application of these complexes in transfer hydrogenation of a broad range of substrates (ketones, aldehydes, imines, etc.) and also the more challenging mono-, diand trisubstituted olefins and in the base-free dehydrogenation reactions of alcohols. We also discuss some mechanistic insights for both transformations. Then, Chapter 5 focuses on the application of previous benzoxazole/thiazoletriazolidene iridium complexes on water oxidation using CAN and NaIO4 as oxidants. Using CAN as oxidant at low pH, the catalyst precursors provided similar activities (TOF's ca 0.06 s-1) and lower than those achieved using parent pyridine complex. However, excellent activities (much better than related pyridine analogues; TOF's up to 0.58 s-1) were achieved when using more appealing almost neutral conditions (pH = 5.6) and NaIO4 as oxidant. In this chapter we have also disclosed the electrochemical properties of the complexes in a non-protic solvent as well as in aqueous solution at different pHs. We have also studied the Cl-/H2O ligand exchange propensity of the complexes in water solution. Finally, Chapter 6 includes the synthesis of a reduced but structurally valuable library of phosphite-oxazoline ligands for the enantioselective Pd-catalyzed Heck reaction of several cyclic substrates and triflates. These ligands, which are prepared in a few steps from commercially available materials include the benefits of the high robustness of the phosphite moiety and the additional control provided by the flexibility of the chiral pocket through a modular ligand scaffold. Other advantages of these ligands are that they are solid, stable to air and other oxidizing agents and are, therefore, easy to handle and can be manipulated and stored in air. In a simple two or four step-procedure, several ligand parameters have been easily tuned to maximize the catalyst performance. In this paper we also carried out mechanistic investigations by combining in situ NMR studies of key intermediates and kinetics studies.


Quality variation in resistance spot welding is a major concern in the automotive industry. This paper investigates the weld quality using a newly developed two-sage, sliding-level experiment. Welding current is treated as a "slid factor" and is determined based on the settings of other process variables. Engineering knowledge is applied in statistical model selection. From the analysis, it is found that abnormal process conditions, including axial misalignment, angular misalignment, poor fitup, edge weld, and electrode wear, significantly affect the size of the welds, and thus cause large variations on the weld quality. Although they may help increase the weld size, these abnormal process conditions generally lead to a less robust welding process. Developed initially for this study, the new experimental design and analysis procedures are believed to be generic and can be applied to other processes.


This paper describes an experiment with a computerized autopilot. The work involved two phases: experimental identification of a mathematical model of the dynamics of ship steering and environmental disturbances, and online determination of an optimal course keeping algorithm. Some identification tests conducted in MS ESQUILINO are described in detail.


In this article the "bonus hunger" behavior for the Alternative bonus–malus system (BMS) is discussed. The Alternative BMS is a model, where the next premium is the combination of the previous premium and the aggregate claim amount. The key characteristics for the comparison are the discounted premium reduction for some time horizon and the entire claim amount. Existence of the steady state for the BMS discussed in this paper was proved and the probability of claiming for the general model and for its steady state was found out.


Objective To discuss the reason and treatment of retina redetachment after removal of silicone oil.Methods Retrospective clinical analysis were carried out in 18 patients(18 eyes) with retinal redetached after silicone oil removal.The reason were analyzed and reoperation were executed in 15 eyes.Results The causes of retinal redetachment were evolution of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR),negligent retinal hole,reopened of primary hole,formation of new retina hole,traction of proliferative membrane,et al.Fourteen eyes of the 15 reoperated eyes gained reattachment of retina.Conclusion The careful analysis of the cause of retina redetachment after removel of silicone oil is necessary,and most of these eyes can be repaired after resurgery in time.


When 150 legal educators, lawyers, judges and law students met in June 2014 at Elon University School of Law to continue their work as members of the Alliance for Experiential Learning in Law, it represented more than the culmination of three years of work intended to promote transformative approaches and programs for legal education that ensures that law graduates are ready to practice with a full complement of skills and ethical and social values necessary to serve clients and the public interest, now and in the future. This Symposium provided recognition that there are serious efforts afoot to realign legal education to comport with trends that are more contemporary than those attendant to Christopher Columbus Langdell's view of the world in the 1870s. Indeed, attendees of the Symposium benefited from the lessons of those in other professions such as architecture and medicine that have had to deal with very similar transformational dynamics as those affecting law and legal education. The Alliance's efforts are not idle work. There is increasing and ample evidence that the traditional model of preparing students for the practice of law as developed by Dean Langdell and employed in essentially every law school in some fashion lacks relevance to the ways in which modern social interaction and commerce are developing. The speed by which social convention changes in the postmodern information age is stunning, challenging even the most facile participants. As our views of privacy, ownership, security, liberty, and a multitude of other governing principles are evolving to reflect more 22nd century than 19th century thought and practice, it should not be surprising that the legal profession including the legal academy, risk averse by social construct and professional design as the guardians of ordered change, might be slow adapters. Indeed, as de Tocqueville recognized almost 200 years ago when the Frenchman visited the young republic to learn how it was faring, lawyers provide a natural limit to the "unreflective passions of democracy," the very forces that can upend the order and rigor that individuals seek for freedom and liberty, that society demands for structure and security and that enterprises crave for economic vibrancy.


The state-of-the-art decision and planning approaches for autonomous vehicles have moved away from manually designed systems, instead focusing on the utilisation of large-scale datasets of expert demonstration via Imitation Learning (IL). In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of IL approaches, primarily for the paradigm of end-to-end based systems in autonomous vehicles. We classify the literature into three distinct categories: 1) Behavioural Cloning (BC), 2) Direct Policy Learning (DPL) and 3) Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL). For each of these categories, the current state-of-the-art literature is comprehensively reviewed and summarised, with future directions of research identified to facilitate the development of imitation learning based systems for end-to-end autonomous vehicles. Due to the data-intensive nature of deep learning techniques, currently available datasets and simulators for end-to-end autonomous driving are also reviewed.


Objective: To investigate the relationship between ST segment changes and heart function in patients with anterior wall acute anterior myocardial infarction treated by PCI.Methods: Fourty-nine patients with a first anterior wall acute anterior myocardial infarction were enrolled.The extent of the ST segment elevation and resolution in electrocardiograms on admission and one hour after PCI was analyzed.All the patients were divided into two groups.Group A: resolution of ST segment elevation≥50%;Group B50%.Killip class were recorded on admission and one week after PCI and LVEF were recorded three months after PCI. Results: Killip class on admission were no statistically significant between A and B.Group A were significantly better than group B in killip class one week,and LVEF were significantly better than group B three months after PCI. Conclusion: ST segment changes one hour after PCI could reflect heart function after myocardial reperfusion.It had clinical practical value for the evaluation of the early prognosis of the disease and distinction of high-risk patients.


The main objective of this discussion is to determine the extent to which Business Schools in African Universities can play significant role in producing the leadership skills needed for Africa's transformation. To understand such skills-set for the continent requires a comprehensive enumeration of what constitutes good leadership for results. This discussion has revealed a set of leadership skills-set that public and private sectors would need to maximize development results for Africa. Integrity and political will are leading attributes in making these skills, among a range of attributes enumerated. The Business Schools in universities are ultimately required in the production of these attributes, but it goes beyond these institutions in building leadership. Since the complex contexts involved in transformational processes require leadership training beyond the classroom, the role of states and non-state actors in producing leadership skills were also explored. In addition to the need to increase investment in the University and Business Schools includes recommendation for increased advocacy for a change of mind-set that brings about integrity, commitment and political will, as leading leadership attributes in the delivery of results. This discussion took place from 5th to 19th October 2015, and a total of seven AfCoP members from various countries shared their views, experiences and insights.


This research analyzes the imageries used by E.E. Cummings in two poems by E.E. Cumming. He is a 20th century poet and novelist known for his unique style and structure. He considered himself a painter as well as a poet. Most of his poems are free verse in which he innovates a new style of writing which disregard any traditional rules and regulations of writing. The purpose of this research is to identify the types of imageries used in some of selected poems by E.E. Cummings and how the imageries are applied in the poems. The method used is qualitative descriptive method. The source of the data are two poems "All in Green" and "Your Little Voice". Imageries are used to make abstract ideas concrete and easier to communicate specially used in poems. From the analysis, there are only five types out of seven types of imageries found in both poems. The five types of of the imageries are visual, auditory, kinesthetic internal and gustatory imageries. Both techniques by description and figurative language are applied to build the imageries. There are nine imageries applied by using description technique and seven imageries with figurative language technique.


Abstract In 1962, the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) faced an uncertain future. The governing party within the Federal Republic of Germany since the state's founding in 1949 (along with its Bavarian partner, the Christian Social Union, known collectively as the CDU/CSU or Union), the CDU had endured a bruising election campaign through the summer of 1961. The combination of a dynamic young Social Democratic challenger, Willy Brandt, and the building of the Berlin Wall had exposed frustration with the leadership style of octogenarian Chancellor and CDU Chair Konrad Adenauer, and cost the Union its absolute majority in the Bundestag. Electoral disappointment was followed by protracted coalition negotiations with the liberal Free Democratic Party (FDP), which nearly doubled its vote totals by promising voters a coalition "with the Union but without Adenauer." The coalition negotiations dragged on well into late autumn and exposed internal divisions. Adenauer, the only chancellor the Federal Republic had ever known, had been forced to agree to retire before 1965 to allow his successor to prepare for the next campaign.


Face recognition is still complicated task because to envision human actions might not realizable in each incident. Intention of face recognition is to identify human based on face that is similar from available dataset face images. Human face has multidimensional structure so it requires efficient technique for face harmonization and verification. Proposed work aim for developing efficient human face recognition method that deals with front as well as side view face in normal face expression. Using Viola–Jones face detection algorithm it accumulate only face region. Face features like eyes, nose and lip are extracted from whole face region using canny edge detection and harris corner detection method. To match individual face features, it compares position of edge boundary of features between images. Authors' uses Euclidian distance method to retrieves maximum match value among all store face images. Based on threshold value it decides whether human face is recognized or not. Authors have evaluated performance of proposed method with DCT, DWD, PCA and LFL method on public free database like FEI, CVL and MIT-CBCL.


his sandal, while the monochrome black silhouette of a male body recalls black-figure vase painting. The same artist's Craccae (1928) includes a male dying Niobid from Florence's Uffizi Gallery (seen here in the form of an unrestored version) and a female figure from the Macellum at Pompeii. Overall the illustrations (and the exhibition they reflect) offer more than the text. Of the four experts who have contributed to the volume, three are modernist art historians; D., Associate Curator of Antiquities at the Getty Museum, is the one specialist in ancient art. Accordingly his is the only essay to discuss the Greek and Roman objects on display. Here the catalogue misses a key opportunity to explore the visitor experience of viewing ancient and modern objects side by side. In the sequence from source to reception the relationship is not merely comparative but dialectical. These modernist art works can tell us much about the period in which they were created, but they can also inform our understanding of the way that ancient art is received, re-imagined and revived and indeed even point us to new or renewed readings of ancient art itself.


In rhetoric, we have the question "why an argument can persuade?". Why are we persuaded by someone, and not by somebody else, the two giving the same argument? From this, we realize that an argument in rhetoric depends finally on the condition "who persuades who?". I pay attention to Rhetoric Book I, chapter 2, where Aristotle presents the character of speaker(ethos tou legontos) as the most important thing in persuasion. He points out that there is persuasion "through character whenever the speech is spoken in such a way as to make the speaker worth of credence".(1356a4-6) Rhetoric is a practice rather than a theory. It is for the speaker to meet the public with language. This work is not to investigate the world of truth in which one contemplates the unchangeable with the eyes of intellect. But it is to move the public who are in variable situations and interests, through a steady exercises of imitation. Then the condition "who speaks to whom?" is important. This is the reason why the character of speaker and the education of virtues which gives him a good character are brought into relief in Aristotle"s Rhetoric.


The paper deals with the world epidemic reflection in mass media discourse. The information about coronavirus may be grouped under the following titles: 1) disease definition, its history and characteristics, 2) activities of the authorities to fight the epidemic, 3) prognoses of specialists concerning its development, 4) commentaries of internet users about it. Typical reactions to apocalyptic threat of today make up the following groups: 1) dissemination of information about the situation, 2) emotional response to the news, 3) tentative efforts to find rational or irrational explanation of the facts, 4) advice and recommendations, 5) reduction of information to comical absurdity, 6) insolent trolling the internet community for questionable self-affirmation. The reaction of the active network audience to the coronavirus news is often very emotional, explanations are both rational and mystical, authorities are blamed for their incompetence and corruption and they are politically charged; public anonymous discourse has a high degree of sarcasm and grim humor. The study shows that the social networking discourse and blogs have become an important component of media communication, and the attitude to the credibility of the news disseminated by mass media has changed: if the news published in a paper or transmitted over the radio or television were accepted by many people as true a few decades ago, now, in the postmodern era, fakes and facts occupy almost equal positions in news streams.


Upper respiratory infections (URIs) are associated with more than half of acute exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease


A broadband monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) power amplifier design approach is described using lossy matching networks in the form of a bridged-T all-pass network. This approach offers the advantage of exceptional gain flatness, good input VSWR, high efficiency, and small size. A two-stage amplifier is described that delivers power greater than 1 W across the 2 to 6-GHz range with a linear gain of 20 dB, an input VSWR better than 1.7:1, and a power-added efficiency of 30% to 37% with a chip area less than 4.4 mm/sup 2/. >


The rush to deregulate almost all modes of transportation has failed to consider the impact of deregulation on service to small towns and rural areas. Regulation was historically necessary to assure nondiscriminatory service to these areas. Lack of enforcement of provisions safeguarding these obligations and the manner in which the Airline Deregulation Act of 1979 (PL 95-501) is being implemented point up the danger to future rural development. To soften the impact of deregulation, rural areas must look seriously to the nondiscriminatory development of a communications alternative to transportation if they are not to be fatally handicapped in the 21st century. (Author)


Rice is the staple food for half of the world's population. Phosphorus is an essential element for rice plant growth, development and production; however, the availability of soluble phosphate for plant uptake is often limited due to the binding with cation in different pH environments. Therefore, the development of rice plant varieties, which can grow well under a limited phosphate environment, is an urgent need for agricultural development for biotechnology. This study reported two contrasting rice varieties' biochemical and molecular adaptation toward a low phosphate medium. The results show that the response of these two varieties is genotype-dependent. We observed a higher phosphate use efficiency in the low-Pi-sensitive G299 rice variety than in the low-Pi-tolerant G22 rice variety.
Moreover, the expression of five out of six investigated genes relating to the low Pi responsive pathway, including two purple acid phosphatase (PAP), phosphate starvation response 2 (PHR2), SPX (SYG1/PHO81/XPR1) domain-containing gene, phosphate transcription factor 1 (PTF1) and phosphate 1 (PHO1) were significantly higher in the low-Pi-sensitive accession than in the tolerant genotype. Impressively, 214 times more expression of the PHO1 was observed in the leaves of the G299 variety than in the G22 variety, followed by SPX, PTF1, PHR2, and PAP21 genes. Similarly, the PHO1 was induced at the highest level in the roots of the G299 variety, followed by PAP21, PHR2, PTF1, and SPX1 genes. These findings supply further information for elucidation of the mechanism behind the response of rice plants to low phosphate medium and the development of the low Pi nutrient happy rice varieties.


3550 Background: Combinations of infusional 5-FU/FA with either oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) or irinotecan (FOLFIRI) have become standards of care in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. In this trial, 5-FU/FA was replaced by capecitabine, an oral fluoropyrimidine. In addition, cetuximab, an antibody directed against the EGF-receptor was added to further improve treatment efficacy.

METHODS
Patients (pts) with metastatic CRC (age 18 to 75 years) and measurable disease were randomized to 3-week cycles of therapy. In the CCI-arm, pts received cetuximab (400 mg/m2 iv on day 1 of cycle 1 and 250 mg/m2 iv subsequently), capecitabine (2 × 800 mg/m2 po on days 1 to 14), and irinotecan (200 mg/m2 iv on day 1). In patients >65 years doses of irinotecan and capecitabine were reduced by 20%. In the CCO arm, cetuximab (as described above) was combined with capecitabine (2 × 1000 mg/m2 po on days 1 to 14) and oxaliplatin (130 mg/m2 iv on day 1). Both treatment arms were planned separately according to the optimal design described by Simon (p0 = 0.3, p1 = 0.5, α = 0.1, β = 0.1) with objective response rate (ORR) according to RECIST) as the primary endpoint.

RESULTS
The recruitment goal of 92 patients has been achieved. Among evaluable patients, median age in the CCI arm was 63 yrs (range 38-72) and 58 yrs (range 38-74) in the CCO arm. Median Karnofsky performance status was 90% (range 70-100) and 100% (range 70-100), the EGFR-status was positive in 64% and 69% of pts, respectively. The ORR in the CCI arm was 41% (11/27) (95%-CI: 22% to 61%), while in the CCO arm an ORR of 71% (15/21) (95%-CI: 48% to 89%) was documented. Toxicity data were available for 25 pts in each arm. The most common grade 3-4 CTC- toxicities observed in the CCI and the CCO-arm respectively were skin toxicity (4 vs 5 pts), allergic reactions (0 vs 5 pts), diarrhea (5 vs 3pts), neurotoxicity (1 vs 3 pts), and leucopenia (4 vs 5 pts).

CONCLUSION
The preliminary evaluation of this randomized phase II trial suggests the feasibility of both treatment arms. Updated results regarding response rate and progression-free survival will be presented at the meeting. [Table: see text].


A large segment of the population will be plagued with urinary incontinence. This report is an objective approach to the evaluation and categorization of female urinary incontinence. Insight is provided into the subtypes of urinary incontinence including the physical examination, laboratory testing, and special diagnostic testing. The reader is provided with a guideline to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of female urinary incontinence.


This study sought to establish factors influencing survival o f fish based small and medium enterprises. Small business development is one approach being employed by many states in the world to realise the first Millennium Development Goal of eradicating extreme poverty and hunger. Small businesses contribute to economic growth, poverty reduction, and enhancement of entrepreneurs' standards of living. This study sought to address the following objectives; examine influence of capital access, management skills and experience, marketing strategies and entrepreneurial training on survival of fish-based SMEs. Scholars have argued that a dynamic and growing small and medium enterprise sector can contribute to the achievement of a wide range of development objectives, including: the attainment of income distribution and poverty creation of employment provision of the seedbed of industrialization savings mobilization and production of goods and services that meet the basic needs of the poor. Entrepreneurship Monitor Project, an international comparative study assessing entrepreneurship's importance to economies worldwide concluded that the birth of new SMEs is almost directly proportional with the death of many. This study used a descriptive survey design. The target population of the study comprised of all the small and medium sized entrepreneurs along beaches in Nyatike District which encompasses 27 beaches with about 50 entrepreneurs each totalling to 1350. The entrepreneurs were systematically sampled for the study. A structured questionnaire was pre tested for validity and reliability which was then administered to 302 entrepreneurs to collect primary quantitative and qualitative data. The data was analysed using SPSS' descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistics (Chi-Square tests) and was mainly presented using tables. The findings of the study showed that fish based SMEs in Nyatike are faced by survival challenges especially key entrepreneurial elements that are necessary for enterprise profitability, survival and eventual growth. The main factors that influence these fish based SME survival are access to capital requirements with Chi-Square value of 72.912, entrepreneurial training 36.270, Marketing strategies 69.168 and finally Management experience 54.114 respectively. The main recommendation of the study is that Government and non government sector players should consider formulating policies and strategies aimed at streamlining the fishery sector, particularly the fish trade policy, and ensure provision of critical business development services in order to protect small and medium sized fish based SMEs including fishermen, fish processors and small scale traders from exploitation while enhancing their economic productivity. These findings are expected to be useful to the Ministry of Fisheries Development and that of Trade and Commerce in Policy formulation and implementation. It is expected that the study will also help improve the project practices as well as to influence strategies for meaningfully investing in the fish based enterprises and the SME sector in general. These findings have also added to the existing body of knowledge regarding growth and expansion of the fish based entrepreneurship and the overall concept of Entrepreneurship and economic development.


2-pyrrolyl-formaldehyde modified chitosan(PRCS) and 2-pyrrolyl-formaldehyde modified chitosan cobalt chelates(CoPRCS) were synthesized.The products were characterized by IR.The CoPRCS was heat-treated in Ar at 650 ℃ and(900 ℃.)The electrocatalytic performance of CoPRCS was evaluated by the polarization and discharge curves.The results showed that the CoPRCS had electrocatalytic performance of oxygen reduction.


The sixteenth annual meeting of the Iowa State Dental Society was held in Iowa City, Tuesday, July 17, 1878. The sessions were held in the medical college rooms of the uni. versity. At the opening twenty-four members were present. The Society was called to order by Dr. R. D. Cochran, Vice-president. An address of welcome was delivered by Dr. Clapp, M. D., of Iowa City. The Doctor, in his re marks, congratulated the dental profession in attainmentsand rapid progress made hitherto, and that the days of quackery and incompetency were rapidly passing away. The profes sion of dentistry, he said, is now regarded as nearly on a level with the profession of medicine. The people of this city are gratified that this meeting is to be held here. We will be glad to have you bear with you pleasant remem brances of your visit here. Dr. J. T. Abbott made a very happy response to the ad dress of welcome. After some congratulatory remarks by,Dr. Ingersoll, of Keokuk, the Society adjourned till two o'clock.


Abstract : A high speed, durable, ion probe based pressure sensor is being investigated for use in pulse detonation engines. Traditional pressure sensors are ill suited for the high temperature and vibratory environment encountered in such engines. An alternative transient pressure sensing method is investigated for pressures behind a hydrocarbon flame. These flames generate ions that are quenched by collisions as a function of pressure. An experiment was devised to correlate the ion decay rate with the pressure using an ion probe well suited for the flow. A correlation has been established showing the ion decay rate is a function of pressure. Additional investigation is required even though the ion probe remains a viable alternative method for measuring pressure.


Particle size measurement is important in powder and particle industries in which the particle size affects the productivity and efficiency of the machine, for example, in coal-fired power plants. An electrostatic sensor detects the electric charge from dry particles moving in a pipeline. Analysis of the detected signal can provide useful information about the particle velocity, mass flow rate, concentration and size. Using electrostatic sensors, previous researches studied particle sizing using magnitude dependent analysis which is a highly conditional method where the results can be affected by other parameters such as particle mass flow rate, velocity and concentration. This research proposes a magnitude independent analysis for particle sizing in the frequency domain called spatial filtering method. The solution was started by modeling and analysis of the charge induced to the ring electrode using finite-element analysis to find the sensitivity of electrode. A mathematical model was provided to compute particle position on the radial axis of the electrode and then a new technique was proposed to extract a single particle size from the calculated particle radial position. To validate the proposed method experimentally, a sensor was designed and five test particles ranging from 4 mm to 14 mm were selected for measurement. The results show a 0.44 mm estimation error between the estimated and expected results. The results also show that the method is promising for the establishment of a reliable and cost-effective solid particle sizing system.


Since 1997 the Amsterdam Faculty of Education (EFA) has been officially recognised as a Dutch centre for experimental teacher education. EFA is a co-operation institute of the Hogeschool Inholland and the Hogeschool of Amsterdam. In this paper we will describe the essentials of an assessment system and a web -based portfolio system that should help students take responsibility for their learning and their proving competence at three consecutive integrative assessments. The whole Faculty with 3500 students has embarked on a transition from "supply driven education and assessing whether the supply is absorbed by the student" to "demand driven education and challenging students to prove in their own way that they are competent". To support the understanding of portfolio use, the new concept of curriculum for educating higher-level professionals is discussed briefly. We will stress the aspect that a new educational concept can only be successful in implementation if the assessment system is correspondingly altered. ICT plays an important role in this change.


Summary Free α-amino-nitrogen and free amino acids have been measured in the serum, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid (c.s.f.) of 51 patients with severe uremia and 20 patients with renal disease without uremia. The results have been compared with those obtained from a study of 50 patients without renal disease. Severe uremia was found to be associated with a highly significant increase in the levels of almost all amino acids in the cerebrospinal fluid. In particular aromatic amino acids and glutamine are elevated. This increase probably reflects increased blood levels of free amino acids and an increase in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier in uremia.


In view of the modern language philosophy,the author explains and analyses some problems in Zhuangzi as follows:the impliation of the language and the language itself;the language and logic structure of the world.Then it draws a conclusion that Zhuangzi is a literature classic manifestionism,meanwhile,focus especially on the significence of the language freedom and the subject freedom in the history of the literature.


During the last few years there have been numerous studies published on the reasons that lead some pupils to ill-treat their classmates. It is known as bullying in English. In Spain we refer to this situation as intimidation or mistreatment among equals. It is a problem that is present in numerous educational centers. To try, not only to approach these situations, but also to prevent them, are some of our fundamental aims if we want to eliminate this kind of intimidating behavior. To do this, studying in depth how this type of mistreatment among equals has come about will help us to put into practice some proposals and initiatives that will favor an improvement of coexistence in the school environment.


302Background: Following proven efficiacy of docetaxel against hormone sensitive advanced prostate cancer (CHAARTED and STAMPEDE studies), the use of docetaxel for the treatment of hormone sensitive and castrate resistant metastatic prostate cancer has increased. Unfortunately, the utility of taxanes in prostate cancer has been limited because of the development of resistance, the need for IV infusion, and the associated treatment toxicity. VERU-111 is a highly orally available, novel α and β tubulin inhibitor, developed using a rationale design strategy to bind through hydrogen bonds to the α and β subunits of tubulin. VERU-111 inhibits tubulin polymerization and is not a substrate for multi-drug resistance proteins, a common mechanism for taxane resistance. Methods: In this study, dosing regimens of VERU-111 (oral) were tested in comparison with docetaxel (IV) and a vehicle (oral) in PC3 as well as in paclitaxel resistant PC3 (PC3-TXR). xenograft models. VERU-111 was evaluated at 3.3 mg/kg (5 days/week)...


The utility model discloses a deepwater multi-loop fast-connecting female joint, comprising an adapter and a connecting sleeve connected with the front part of the adapter in a sealing way, wherein a fluid passage is formed in each of the adapter and the connecting sleeve along the axial direction; a hollow valve cavity communicated with the two fluid passages is formed in a connecting part between the adapter and the connecting sleeve; the valve cavity is internally provided with a valve seat, a valve rod and a spring; the valve seat is installed on the inner wall of the valve cavity; the front end of the valve rod faces towards the connecting sleeve; the rear end of the valve rod faces towards the valve seat; the front part of the valve rod is provided with a hollow sleeve; flow guiding holes are formed in the side wall of the sleeve; the sleeve stretches into the fluid passage in the connecting sleeve; a valve sealing piece is arranged between the valve rod behind the flow guiding holes and the fluid passage in the connecting sleeve; a limiting piece is arranged on the valve rod behind the valve sealing piece; one end of the spring is abutted against the rear end of the limiting piece; the other end of the spring is abutted against the front end of the valve seat; the sealing piece is tightly pressed onto the inner wall of the front part of the valve cavity by the limiting piece, and the valve rod is limited from moving forward. By applying the deepwater multi-loop fast-connecting female joint, the rapid connection or disconnection of the joint can be realized, and the rapid but joint or disassembly is facilitated.


An organization is a network of people, could be run effectively only if everyone works in a co-operative way, which is only possible through healthy relations among all. This paper focuses on developing altruistic behavior among teachers as a hypothesized determinant of healthy relations which, it is argued, is essential for effective organizations. The research was conducted among 275 teachers at seven colleges in India. The data were collected by means of a specially-developed questionnaire and interviews. The findings of the research suggest that the teachers in this sample are not aware of the various ways of maintaining healthy relationships and that they rarely or never show evidence of altruistic behavior with respect to their colleagues, despite his being of the most effective ways to develop healthy relations among teachers leading to more effective organizations. Introduction Altruism is unselfish behavior and attitude towards the welfare of others. It is intentional behaviors that benefit another person or it can be better explained as behaviors which have no obvious gain for the provider or pure altruism is giving without regard to reward or the benefits of recognition and need. Altruism is a devotion to help others for their benefits, it is an opponent of selfishness and egoism and it is a pure feeling of giving without seeking anything in return. The study of altruism is complicated by the lack of agreement about its essential aspects of it, even though it seems, to the researchers at least, to comprise feeling as positive to others as oneself, engaging in behavior that promotes the survival chances of others even at a cost to oneself, and being prepared to make sacrifices for the benefit of others. In addition, giving alms to the poor is often considered an altruistic action in many cultures and religions. At its most basic, altruism is selfless concern for the welfare of others often incurring a loss for oneself. It is a traditional virtue in many cultures, and a core aspect of various religious traditions such as Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Sikhism, and many others. Altruism is the opposite of selfishness. Altruism can be distinguished from feelings of loyalty and duty. Altruism focuses on a motivation to help others or a want to do good without reward, while duty focuses on a moral obligation towards a specific individual (for example, God, a king), a specific organization (for example, a government), or an abstract concept (for example, patriotism etc.). Some individuals may feel both altruism and duty, while others may not. Pure altruism is giving without regard to reward or the benefits of recognition and need. The term "altruism" may also refer to an ethical doctrine that claims that individuals are morally obliged to benefit others. Till now whatever is told about altruism is focusing on human altruism but the altruism can also be seen in animals. In the study of social evolution it is found that animals do behave in ways that reduce their individual health but increase the health of other individuals in the population. There are certain examples showing animal altruism like dogs adopt squirrels, ducks and even tigers. Another example is of dolphins that support sick or injured animals by pushing them to the surface so that they can breathe. Altruism can be seen even in animals and have a lot of importance in religions. It is well understood that altruism is very important in building good morale, developing healthy relationships that in turn can help to make organizations more effective. The aim of the present study is to assess the degree or level of altruistic behavior shown by teachers, as employees of organizations, in their interpersonal relationships. Some have argued that teachers are the 'real builders' of the world as they teach the upcoming citizens, they are the one who inculcate the various ethical and moral values of a society and, if effective as teachers, serve as good role models for students or pupils to follow. …


A hybrid technique combining the multi-level fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) and the modified adaptive division beam tracing (MADBT) is presented to analyze the radiation patterns of the antennas mounted on large-scale complex platforms. In this technique, the MLFMA is used to characterize the antenna and the transition region that cannot be analyzed accurately by high-frequency asymptotic methods. The MADBT method is used to analyze the contribution of the platforms to the entire radiation pattern by tracing all beams effectively. By applying the beam-based MADBT method instead of the conventional current-based physical optics (PO) method to the platforms, the multi-bounce effects inside the platforms are considered, which enhances the accuracy of the radiation patterns, especially for the complex platforms with corner reflector. An iteration method is proposed to model the interaction between the antennas and the platforms strictly. The proposed iterative MLFMA-MADBT method is mesh-independent and can avoid the matrix-vector production (MVP) of the iterative MLFMA-PO method in each iteration. These characters significantly reduce the memory and time consumption in computation while keeping high accuracy. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed hybrid technique.


Considering the multi-level,non-linear and coupling of the complex characteristics of modern air combat effectiveness evaluation,we adopted a complete and reasonable index system for air combat effectiveness and built up an effectiveness evaluation model based on Artificial Neural Network(ANN).The high approximation and generalization ability of ANN function was used to map the complex,nonlinear relations between each effectiveness index and the effectiveness value,while the fault-tolerant ability of ANN was used to enhance the capability to deal with the uncertain errors caused by ambiguous index information,incomplete samples or nonlinear coupling between different indexes.Therefore the method has fine predicting capability.Simulation result showed that the method can implement highly efficient and reliable effectiveness evaluation of the air combat.


Surface runoff and soil erosion as well as many of the factors controlling both will be directly or indirectly affected by climate change impact. Increasing precipitation amounts and intensities cause non linear responses of runoff and soil loss. The variation of local precipitation and temperature regimes implicate shifts in vegetation cover, soil conditions, land use and management which will affect runoff, erosion and the translocation of sediments and environmental pollutants to surface waters. For example the adaptation of crop rotation and planting dates due to changes within temperature regimes will cause shifts in vegetation cover which might affect erosion due to decreasing cover in periods of high storm risk. In agriculturally used catchments of Southern Germany, the susceptibility of soils to erosion is highest during spring and summer because of both, an increasing risk for thunderstorms in this season and a sparse soil cover due to the growth period of crops. Climate change scenarios for Southern Germany assume higher average precipitation rates during the winter half year, whereas precipitation rates in summer are slightly decreasing. Longer lasting rainfall events in winter will increase runoff but will have no significant impact on sediment yields, since the rainfall intensities are quite low. Despite lower rainfall rates in the summer half year it is expected that the rainfall intensity of extreme events will increase, including a higher risk for erosion. To analyse how surface runoff response and sediment yields will be affected by climate change impact the process based erosion model CATFLOW-SED was used. CATFLOW-SED is based on Richards Equation including an effective approach for preferential flow and the Saint-Venant-Equation to simulate soil water dynamics and overland flow / river flow. The erosion process is modeled using shear stress, the momentum balance of precipitation and a semi-empirical erosion resistance for predicting soil detachment. The model was


The present invention relates to image processing apparatus and image processing method. The image processing apparatus according to the present invention divides a frame of the image into blocks of a predetermined unit, using the motion vector of the adjacent block adjacent to the current block from the first motion compensation unit for compensating for motion on at least a partial area of the current frame, .; The second motion compensation unit that compensates for the motion using the motion vector of the adjacent frames are adjacent to the frame; If not less than the number of the adjacent blocks of the image are available neighboring blocks shown in the previously set value, the number of the first motion by the compensator to compensate for the motion, adjacent the display of the image possible block is less than the preset value, the the unit made by the second motion compensation characterized in that it comprises a control unit for controlling to compensate for the motion. In this way, it is possible to provide a full scan image of improved quality.


Cybersecurity dynamics is a mathematical approach to modeling and analyzing cyber attacker-defender interactions in networks. In this paper, we advance the state-of-the-art in characterizing one kind of cybersecurity dynamics, known as <italic>preventive and reactive cyber defense dynamics</italic>, which is a family of highly nonlinear dynamical system models. We prove that this family of dynamics in its general form with <italic>time-dependent</italic> parameters is <italic>globally attractive</italic> when the time-dependent parameters are <italic>ergodic</italic>, and is <italic>(almost) periodic</italic> when the time-dependent parameters have the stronger properties of being <italic>(almost) periodic</italic>. Our results supersede the state-of-the-art ones, including the recent result that the same family of dynamics in the special case of <italic>time-independent</italic> parameters is <italic>globally convergent</italic>. This paper represents a significant advance in the network science approach to theoretical cybersecurity modeling because it makes the so-far weakest assumptions when compared with the literature results.


OBJECTIVE
To discuss the important role of actin polymerization in calcium ionophore A23187-induced human acrosome reaction and its mechanism.

METHODS
Each spermatozoon specimen was divided into five groups, treated with A23187 3 micromol/L in Group A, Phalloidin 40 micromol/L and A23187 3 micromol/L in Group B, SLO 0.5 U/ml and A23187 3 micromol/L in Group C, SLO 0.5 U/ ml, Phalloidin 40 micromol/L and A23187 3 micromol/L in Group D, and nothing added in Grpup E. Then the percentage of the human acrosome reaction was assessed with Rhodamine-PSA (10 microg/ml).

RESULTS
The difference of the human spermatozoon acrosome reaction was significant (P < 0.01) among the 5 groups with or without SLO, Phalloidin and calcium ionophore A23187 but not between Groups A and B (P > 0.01).

CONCLUSION
Phalloidin does not work on the acrosome reaction of intact human spermatozoa, but in an SLO-permeabilized human spermatozoal model, it can obviously decrease the percentage of human spermatozoon acrosome reaction, which indicates that the polymerization of actin plays an important role in the course of human spermatozoon acrosome reaction, and mostly acts on the acrosome inside.


Vapor-deposited hexanitroazobenzene (HNAB) films were observed to form a dense amorphous structure that crystallizes to a mixture of the HNAB-II polymorph and an unidentified structure over a period ranging from hours to weeks depending on the ambient temperature. Films crystallized at various temperatures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy to measure the impact of crystallization temperature on resultant microstructure. Crystallization temperature was observed to have different effects on film microstructure over two temperature regimes. At temperatures below approximately 65 °C, increases in temperature led to a greater fraction of the film forming the HNAB-II polymorph and caused subtle changes in morphology. However, at higher temperatures, a thin surface layer was observed to form prior to crystallization, which led to films composed primarily of the unknown crystal structure with conspicuous differences in morphology.


to Dr. Conze ' manifestly intended as a guide to meditation and not as a basis for speculation' (p. 37). Even the ' dharma-theory' is essentially a technique of meditation, and must not be employed in laying down new theories. Throughout this work one meets with this emphasis on the meditational or practical aspect of Buddhism. In the first chapter, called' Tacit assumption', the author takes great pains to convince the ' empiricists ' of the West that the practices of Yoga should be taken as valid means of finding Truth, and tries to warn some modern writers against treating Buddhism as a purely rational movement: ' There are, of course, a few who make Buddhism quite rational by eliminating all metaphysics, reincarnation, all the gods and spirits, all miracles and supernatural powers. Theirs is not the Buddhism of the Buddhists ' (p. 29). The third part is devoted to Mahayana, the Buddhism of the ' mystics '. The controversies that were once concentrated on atman are now transferred to nirvana, and the Buddha's personality is viewed as an ' impersonal metaphysical principle, a supernatural potency, and a type '. Despite his tacit approval of Professor Murti'sexaggerated assertion that the Theravadins ' had little or no direct influence on the development of Buddhist schools in India ' (p. 203), Dr. Conze tries to seek the roots of Mahayana in the Hinayana and lays stress on the need for the study of the Hinayana scriptures : ' The Mahayana Scriptures should never be mistaken for elementary texts which can be grasped apart from the traditions which lead up to them ' (p. 202). In an introductory chapter entitled ' Doctrines common to all Mahayanists ', the author examines once more the problems of ' ignorance ', the ' perverted views ', the ' perfections', and the new dharmatheory which brought forth a new ontology and gave birth to an almost new religion, ' nearly as different from the Sthavira doctrine as Christianity is from Judaism ' (p. 203).


This paper presents local-scale climate change scenarios for temperature and precipitation at about thirty stations in Austria, based on IPCC IS92a emission scenarios whose effects on the climate system were calculated by use of the ECHAM4/OPYC3 global circulation model (GCM). The global temperature increase resulting from the IS92a scenarios lies in the middle of the SRES (Second Report Emission Scenarios). GCMs are capable of reproducing the large-scale behaviour of climatic parameters, but cannot simulate satisfactorily local-scale effects. In order to obtain climate data at the local scale it is necessary to use some kind of downscaling, i. e. to cascade down information from larger scales to smaller scales. This study applies statistical downscallng, which is based on empirically derived relationships between the GCM scale and the local scale of the stations. We use monthly NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data at the GCM scale and station data provided by the Austrian weather service at the local scale. The period under study spans the second half of the 20th century. These data sets are analyzed by use of Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) and brought into relation using the Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). CCA is used to establish transfer functions between the scales. Midlatitude weather depends on the seasons. Hence, downscallng is performed for each season separately Moreover, we distinguish between different climatic provinces in Austria. After assessing their performance in validation experiments, the transfer functions are used to determine best performing large-scale predictor combinations. These predictors are extracedfrom IS92a scenarios (realized by use of the ECHAM4/OPYC3 GCM) for the first half of the zest century and then projected onto the local scale via the transfer functions. This study has yielded monthly local-scale scenarios which have been tested for meteological plausibility.


Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease, that affects 1 in 1,000,000 people, with there being 350 new cases of the pathology every year. In specific, it is a prion disease that is caused by a misfolded prion protein, termed PrPSc, which is the infectious form of the prion protein PrPC. Rather than being recycled by the body, the PrPSc aggregates in the brain as plaques, leading to neurodegeneration of surrounding cells and the spongiform characteristics of the pathology. This paper gives an overview of the current understanding of CJD, by looking at the pathophysiology genetic features of CJD, the different forms of CJD, before exploring the societal impact of CJD. In specific, this societal impact is inspected by investing the correlation between the beef and cattle production industry and the number of CJD cases in the United Kingdom and the United States, through the lens of the 1996 outbreak of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), a form of CJD, in the United Kingdom (UK). This outbreak was caused by an infection of bovine spongiform encephalopathy in the UK's cattle, which was then transmitted via cattle products. In its wake and seeing that it is always fatal, the outbreak forced many societal changes in an effort to prevent further infection and spread, with an emphasis being placed on the beef and cattle production industries. Hence, it is important to understand the correlation between the beef and cattle production industry and CJD cases. To do this, I looked at the correlation between the United States and United Kingdom's cattle and beef production industries and CJD cases (vCJD cases for the UK), over the course of the past 25 years. This was done by carrying out a Pearson Correlation test between the number of CJD cases in each country and the rate of cattle production during this period of time and running a linear regression on the dataset. In doing so, it was discovered that the linear regression model fit the dataset with very low accuracy (R2 ≈ 0.5664). Moreover, it was revealed that there was only a moderative negative correlation between the number of CJD cases in the United States and the rate of production of the United States' beef and cattle production industry (r = -0.7418), however, it was also found that there was a strong upward correlation between the number of vCJD cases in the UK and the rate of production of the UK's beef and cattle production industry (r = 0.7632), indicating that vCJD does have a strong impact on the UK's beef and cattle production industry.


Broad abd narrow band 1-4 μm and red CCD images of the star formation complex associated with the cometary nebula GM 24 are presented together with a medium-resolution 2.16 μm spectrum of the most conspicuous source. A young IR cluster of more than 23 stars is embedded in the densest and hottest parts of the dense molecular cloud. Most of the embedded stellar objects show large infrared excess at λ ≥ 2.2 μm. The obscuration towards the centre of the cluster (Irs 3) is found to have an visual absorption of 55. A compact blister H II region is associated with Irs 3. Dust emission, probably dominated by the 3.3 μm feature, is found in the outer part of the extending H II region.


The aim of the report is to review existing approaches and available policy options to improve access to health care services and financial protection against health shocks for informal-sector workers (ISWs). Along with their families, ISWs represent the majority of the population in many developing countries. The report reviews the definition and measurement of the informal sector and the literature on efforts toward its health insurance coverage. It also examines several country cases based on published and unpublished reports and on structured interviews of expert informants. Developing country efforts to expand health coverage are characterized by a common enrollment and financing pattern, starting with formal-sector workers and following with government-subsidized enrollment of the poor. Thus, ISWs are typically left behind and have been referred to as "the missing middle." They find themselves financially unprotected against health shocks and with limited access to quality and timely health care. ISWs are generally reluctant to enroll in insurance schemes, including social health insurance (SHI), community insurance, and other arrangements. Further, initiatives to enroll them in self-financed contributory schemes have generally resulted in adverse selection, as those with high anticipated health needs are more willing to pay and enroll than others. Successful initiatives to cover this population group are the ones where government has abandoned its expectations to derive relatively substantial revenue from it. Offering this group a benefits package that is relatively smaller than that of formal workers and charging them a premium that is only a fraction of that charged to formal workers is a strategy used by some countries to limit the need for public subsidies. While there is evidence that greater insurance coverage has improved access to health services for ISWs and their dependents, in several countries it has not yet improved financial protection for this target group. A broad set of reforms will be required to strengthen the supply side to ensure that additional public financing translates into improved coverage for ISWs.


This paper introduces the process model as a way of incorporating the software life cycle into beginning computer science courses. This approach, patterned after a successful method for teaching English composition, provides students with an understanding of how all phases of programming can be accomplished. A five-step model of the process and some useful tools for each step are presented as an example and discussed.


Regional innovation depends heavily on financial system,and regional innovation and financial system of China show undoubtedly huge spatial disparities over space. We classified the financial system into three dimensions which are financial scale,financial efficiency and financial structure. The effect of financial system on regional innovations has been analyzed at the 30 provincial level in China from 1998 to 2010,employing the Spatial Panel Durbin Model( SPDM). The results indicated that the financial system support for regional innovation showed competition and spillover effects,whereas competition effect is more obvious wholly; RD input and Research human capital input both were beneficial to the increase in regional innovation,but competition effect appeared between the contiguous regions; Financial scale, financial efficiency and financial structure differences in the contribution of regional innovation,the larger was financial scale,the more improvement of innovation made,however,the level of innovation of contiguous areas decreased owning to the competition effects. Financial efficiency was low and it played a weak role in promoting regional innovation,the spillover effect tended to play a role in promoting the level of innovation of regions of contiguity,but was not significant in the estimate results. The indicator of financial structure was not significant in the estimate results. Finally,the policies related with recommendations of financial reform were proposed in order to heighten the whole level of home-innovation in China.


The invention provides a device for gasifying liquefied natural gas. A tank car containing the source of liquefied natural gas is connected to pressure oil tank under low temperature through pipeline. The oil tank is connected to a gasifier and a pressure regulator and at last to gas line network. The tand with pressure amplifier is connected by flow automatically to a gasifier with normal air temperature, then connected in series to a gasifier with water bath style. There is recovering setup installed on the tank car and the oil tank to retrieve vaporized gas as well as a exhaust setup to empty the gas. Thus, the liquefied natural gas is gasified fully to meet the need of providing gas continuously, reducing consumption of energy, lowering operation cost. The invention has solved the problem of storing liquefied natural gas at low temperature and the problem of retrieving vaporized gas, therefor it is also prevented from explosion and fire.


Virtual realities are computer-simulated 3D environments that provide visual and auditory information, often used in conjunction with motion tracking to give feedback for physical motion. Virtual reality often requires exploration of virtual environments much larger than the physical space available. This problem could be solved with redirection: a tool used to make one motion feel like another‐for example, subtly rotating a virtual world to make a person walk in circles when they think they are walking straight. One might think that the less accurate the motion feels, the harder it is to naturally update position while navigating an environment; however, previous research has proven that the illusion of motion is more important than actually moving. The present experiments use a motorized wheelchair to isolate rotational movement and measure navigational efficiency. Our study is broken up into two experiments; the first is a box search task where participants explore a circular room with sixteen randomly oriented boxes, eight of which are hidden targets. They explore the room in four states: complete physical movement, half physical movement, rotational only movement, and no movement. Our second experiment places the participant in the center of the room, and tests their ability to point to learned objects in the room while rotating, sometimes physically and sometimes only in their imagination. Initial results suggest that inaccurate motion (physical motion that does not align with the visual display) is better than no motion at all.


We demonstrate high performance ZnO TFTs with record field effect mobility 229 cm2/V.s, on/off ratio exceeding 107 (limited only by our simple device structure) and sub threshold swing (S) <;150 mV/dec, surpassing the performance of many reported amorphous Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide (a-IGZO) thin film transistors.1,2 The tail state distribution of the density of states (DOS) in ZnO extracted via 2D numerical simulations matched to experiment, demonstrates unequivocally a similar mobility mechanism that underpins all Transparent Conducting Oxides (TCOs)-whether amorphous or not. The characteristic Temperature of ZnO is found to be ~463 K and the tail state density of states (DOS) is ~1.3 ×1020cm-3eV-1.


Aims: Sideritisitalicais a medicinal plant used for medical purposes mainly based on experiences rather than scientific evidence. Biological properties, composition of primary and secondary metabolites as well as the antioxidant capacity were investigated on samples from wild plant. Methodology: The ultrastructure of aerial parts and quantitative distribution of pigments, including chlorophylls and amino acids, as well as the main class of secondary metabolites (phenols, flavonoids, flavonols and proanthocyanidins) wer e investigated. The extracts were tested by radical scavenging assays (DPPH, ABTS) and pharmacological assays (antiproliferative activity, effects on ROS production and protective effects against DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide) for their effects o


To provide near-optimal error-correcting performance for multi-rate turbo codes and minimize the size of additional memory, a new decoding method is proposed in this paper. The proposed decoding is based on two methods: hybrid sliding window and dynamic metric encoding. The new window scheme combines dummy metric calculation and border metric storing methods to halve the border metric memory and improve the error-correcting performance for multi-rate codes. The dynamic encoding of metrics also significantly reduces the border metric memory without degrading the performance. Employing the two proposed methods reduces the conventional border metric memory by 83%. In addition, the superb error-correcting performance of the proposed method is verified for various code rates by conducting intensive simulations for 3GPP LTE codes.


Sign acquisition was mainly done using camera or sensor. Due to the invention of some advance devices like Leap Motion Sensor and Kinect the researchers have experienced new horizon for making Sign Language Recognition system more accurate. In this paper, an analysis of different Neural Networks for three sign languages is presented. Many experiments are performed for measuring the performance of NN. Sign Language recognition system is developed for three sign languages namely ASL, CSL and ISL using Leap Motion Sensor. Leap Motion sensor overcomes the major issues in real time environment like background, lightening condition, and occlusion. The leap motion sensor captures the hand gesture and gives finger position in 3D format. The positional information of five finger tips along with center of palm for both the hand is used to recognize sign posture. Signs are performed using one hand mainly and some signs in ISL are performed using both the hands. While experimentation it is observed that by keeping Leap Motion sensor little inclined, the depth information was more accurate and sign was properly visible in skeleton form. So 10 degree inclination is fixed up for sensor. So that depth information is properly extracted. The focus was mainly on Finger spell recognition so dynamic signs are not considered. 32 signs of ASL, 34 signs of CSL and 33 signs of ISL are recognized. Database is created using number of users belongs to different age, sex and region. Different Neural Network classifiers like MLP, GFF and SVM are trained and tested. For ASL recognition maximum classification accuracy as 90% is obtained on CV dataset using MLP NN. For CSL recognition it was 93.11% on CV dataset using SVM NN. In ISL recognition, maximum classification accuracy of 96.36% is obtained on CV dataset using GFF NN. Although Leap Motion sensor tracks both the hand accurately it can't track non manual signs which involve other body parts and facial expressions. Keywords— American Sign Language (ASL), Indian Sign Language (ISL), Chinese Sign Language (CSL).


Nowadays machine vision applications require skilled users to configure, tune, and maintain. Because such users are scarce, the robustness and reliability of applications are usually significantly affected. Autonomic computing offers a set of principles such as self-monitoring, self-regulation, and self-repair which can be used to partially overcome those problems. Systems which include self-monitoring observe their internal states, and extract features about them. Systems with self-regulation are capable of regulating their internal parameters to provide the best quality of service depending on the operational conditions and environment. Finally, self-repairing systems are able to detect anomalous working behavior and to provide strategies to deal with such conditions. Machine vision applications are the perfect field to apply autonomic computing techniques. This type of application has strong constraints on reliability and robustness, especially when working in industrial environments, and must provide accurate results even under changing conditions such as luminance, or noise. In order to exploit the autonomic approach of a machine vision application, we believe the architecture of the system must be designed using a set of orthogonal modules. In this paper, we describe how autonomic computing techniques can be applied to machine vision systems, using as an example a real application: 3D reconstruction in harsh industrial environments based on laser range finding. The application is based on modules with different responsibilities at three layers: image acquisition and processing (low level), monitoring (middle level) and supervision (high level). High level modules supervise the execution of low-level modules. Based on the information gathered by mid-level modules, they regulate low-level modules in order to optimize the global quality of service, and tune the module parameters based on operational conditions and on the environment. Regulation actions involve modifying the laser extraction method to adapt to changing conditions in the environment.


In computer graphics, several phenomema need to be taken into account when it comes to the field of photo‐realism. One of the most relevant is obviously the notion of global, and more precisely indirect, illumination. In "classical" ray‐tracing if you are not under the light, then you are in a shadow. A great amount of work has been carried out which proposes ray‐tracing based solutions to take into account the fact that "there is a certain amount of light in shadows". All of these methods carry the same weaknesses: high computation time and a lot of parameters you need to manage to get something out of the method. This paper proposes a generic computation method of indirect illumination based on Monte Carlo sampling and on the sequential analysis theory, which is faster and more automatic than classical methods.


This paper proposes a method of curve interpolation based on the parameters of arc length that is used to interpolate the stress field of the wind tunnel flexible plate. The quotient of the arc length from the starting point to the interpolation point divided by the total arc length is the parameter corresponding to this point. The researchers calculated the optimum combination of parameters with the help of the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The optimization computation aims to find the combination of parameters corresponding to the shortest arc length of the interpolation curve. The simulated strain data of the flexible plate are collected by researchers to verify the performance of the algorithm. The experimental results show that the error of this method is small and that the increase in the error in the computation of the higher-order interpolation is not significant. This paper introduces fiber Bragg grating to the multipoint strain measurement of a wind tunnel flexible plate. The authors interpolated the stress measured from FBGs by the interpolation method proposed in this paper. Then, the stress distribution law and the maximum stress point of the flexible plate were found. The maximum one-dimensional stress is −193.21 MPa, and the position is 623.55 mm and 149.5 mm.


Selected Extracts From Expanded Cinema Works:

1. Little Dog for Roger, 1967

2. Yes No Maybe Maybenot, 1967

3. Berlin Horse, 1970, music by Brian Eno, extract (total duration 9 minutes)

4. Horror Film 1, 1971, extract from documentation of live performance (total duration 14 minutes)

5. Threshold, 1972, extract (total duration 16 minutes)

6. Matrix, 1973 - 2007

7. After Leonardo, 1973 - 2007, extract from documentation of installation (total duration 35 minutes)

8. After Manet, 1975

9. Gross Fog, 1973

10. The Cyclops Cycle, 1998 - 2003, extracts (total duration 60 minutes)

This includes an extract of an interview with Le Grice by Fergus Daly made for Irish TV in the Triskel Gallery during The Cyclops Cycle installation.

11. Autumn Horizon 3, 2005

12. Denisined, 2006
For Dennis Oppenheim. Music: J.S. Bach 'crab cannon'. After: ANEMIC CINEMA by Marcel Duchamp.

13. Digital Aberration, 2004