It is of notable importance the pedagogical work of several teachers of the music in Cuba, who they created, organized and put in vigor with momentous resulted their own methodology. A significant example has it in the master, pianist, Dr.C Dagmar Teresita Reyna Junco. Founder and titular teacher of the specialty of piano of the Superior Art Institute, who he/she/it/you also presided the National Commission of Piano and it was member of the Advice Scientific Methodological and teacher of the ISA and of the Conservatory Amadeo Roldan. The present work undertakes some looks of the pedagogical ideas of this teacher and offers novelty element related with the teaching of the piano in our country.


Counting of beta emitters in aqueous solutions was carried out with a detector whose detecting element is 1 packed column of a finely divided plastic scintillator. The efficiencies under practical operating conditions for C¹⁴ , Sr⁹⁰--Y⁹⁰, and K⁴⁰ are 36, 74, and 82% at backgrounds of 27 plus or minus 2 cpm. (auth)


To strengthen the core competence, the financial service is now increasingly being carried out by the third party. It is called outsourcing, which poses new challenges on financial regulation. To provide guiding principles for outsourcing in financial services, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, the International Organization of Securities Commissions and the International Association of Insurance Supervision issued a consultative document—"outsourcing in Financial service"—on Aug 2nd 2004. The paper analyzed the risks on the outsourcing in financial business, based on the document mentioned above, with the hope that it could give some advice on the regulation of outsourcing in financial service in China.


Ricky Burdett, Professor of Urban Studies at LSE where he is Director of the Urban Age programme, is engaged in studying cities at different scales and regional contexts. Here he looks at what gives a city like London its unique sense of scale, and how it might be possible to design in the sort of vibrancy and spatial complexity that evolve in informal neighbourhoods over time. Through examples of local initiatives in Cape Town and Mumbai, he gives concrete evidence of what constitutes this approach.


The invention provides a recyclable half-cured sheet and a recyclable cured sheet for a printed circuit board. The recyclable half-cured sheet and the recyclable cured sheet respectively comprise a degradable epoxy resin base body and a reinforced material. The invention also provides a recyclable copper-clad board for the printed circuit board. The recyclable copper-clad board comprises a copper foil and the recyclable half-cured sheet; the recyclable copper-clad board can be a double-layer board or a multilayer board and is prepared by laminating the recyclable half-cured sheet and the copper foil. The prepared copper-clad board can reach various performance indexes and is also easy to recover; moreover, a recovery method has advantages of moderate reaction condition, economical performance, easiness in control and the like.


Microbial heterogeneity in metabolic performances has attracted a lot of attention, considering its potential impact on industrial bioprocesses. However, little is known about the impact of extracellular perturbations (i.e. bioreactor heterogeneity) on cell‐to‐cell variability in metabolic performances (i.e. microbial population heterogeneity). In this work, we have evaluated the relevance of Redox Sensor Green (RSG) as an exogenous biosensor of metabolic activity at the single‐cell level. RSG signal is proportional to the activity of the electron transport chain and its signal is strongly affected by metabolic burden, availability of electron final acceptor, and side metabolisms (i.e. overflow and mixed acid fermentation). RSG can also be used for the estimation of the impact of scale‐down conditions on microbial metabolic robustness. The relationship linking averaged RSG activity and its cell‐to‐cell variability (noise) has been highlighted but seems unaffected by environmental perturbations.


An effective method to predict the mass flow rate and pressure distribution of gas through three dimensional micro-channels with different cross-section shapes has been proposed. For rectangular cross sections often employed in experiment, the present solutions versus measured data of Zohar et al. (2002) show that the side walls significantly affect the mass flow rates as the aspect ratio is smaller than 10, whereas the non-dimensional pressure distributions, mainly determined by the inlet-to-outlet pressure ratio, are insensitive to the aspect ratio.


Perforation or rupture of the left ventricular free wall is a dramatic and often fatal complication that typically occurs three to five days after the onset of acute myocardial infarction. An 82-year-old woman was transferred to our hospital for coronary angiography after an episode of chest pain four days ago accompanied by a positive troponin test. Coronary angiography showed a single vessel disease with a medially occluded left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery and a covered rupture (CP) of the left ventricular apex into the pericar268


The Batang Agam Hydroelectric Power Plant is the oldest Hydroelectric Power Plant in West Sumatera, which is located in the district of Lima Puluh Kota. The Hydroelectric Power Plant started operating in 1976 with a Nett power is 10.5 MW. In its operation so far the turbine of the Batang Agam Hydroelectric Power Plant decrease in the performance compared to the initial commissioning. The impact of decreasing turbine efficiency of Batang Agam Hydroelectric Power Plant lead use of water to convert its energy electricity be wasteful. Therefore it is necessary to research so that the turbine can effectively use the river water that has been dammed in the Kolam Tando more efficient. From the results of analysis obtained the conclusion that the efficiency of the turbine Batang Agam Hydroelectric Power Plant at 3.5 MW from the highest to the lowest; Unit 1 with 86.7% efficiency, Unit 3 with 83.9% efficiency and Unit 2 with 79.2% efficiency. Compared with commissioning data unit-units in the turbine of Batang Agam Hydroelectric Power Plant has decreased efficiency of the amount; Unit 1 of 0.32%, Unit 2 of 7.80% and Unit 3 is 3.05%.


Review of:Rhodes, Mary Lee, Murphy, Joanne, Muir, Jenny and Murray, John A. (2011) Public Management and Complexity Theory. Richer Decision-Making in Public Services (Routledge Critical Studies in Public Management). Routledge: London


This paper represents the authors' introspection on the problems arising out of the implementation of Shanghai City Master Plan(1999-2020)from the perspective of methodology.Based on the new situation and new requirement the current urban planning facing,the authors raise the theme that city master plan requires the realization of"two conversions".Then the paper presents the prospect on the working method in connection with the future city master plan in Shanghai.


The WiMAX IEEE 802.16 (e) is defined as the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access by the WiMAX Forum, formed in April 2001 to promote conformance and interoperability of the IEEE 802.16 standard, and it is officially known as Wireless MAN. The absence of physical boundaries makes in general a wireless network more vulnerable than a wired network. The IEEE 802.16 provides a security sublayer in the MAC layer to address the privacy issues across the fixed BWA (Broadband Wireless Access). Several proposals have been published to address the flaws in IEEE802.16 security after the release of IEEE802.16-2001. However, even with the modified version IEEE802.16-2004, the security problems still persist and many additional flaws have emerged. This paper examines the threats against the authentication protocols of WiMAX and proposes a new authentication protocol which is more reliable and secure. The proposed protocol is rigid against the attacks like Denial of service (DOS), Man-in-the-middle and replay.


Objective To study the relationship of expressions of survivin,bax and caspase-3 with missed abortion.Methods Thirty-five missed abortion patients were assigned as study group,and 30 with normal pregnancy as controls.Immunohistochemistry technique was employed to detect the expressions of survivin,bax and caspase-3 in cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast of villi and decidual cells of decidua. Results Compared with that of the controls,the expression of survivin in the study group was significantly lower,while the expressions of bax and caspase-3 were higher(uc=2.87-5.29,P0.01).In thestudy group,the survivin expression was negatively correlated with the expressions of bax and caspase-3(r=-0.59,0.71;P0.05,0.01),respectively,and the expression of bax was found to be positively correlated with caspase-3(r=0.79,P0.01). Conclusion Low expression of survivin and high expressions of bax and caspase-3 play an important role in the occurrence of missedabortion.


Background: Many men in the world are infertile at reproductive age. One of the causes of male infertility is the side effects of chemotherapy drugs. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a tetracycline used in chemotherapy that has been shown to have adverse effects on testicular tissue. Objectives: The simultaneous effect of high-intensity aerobic exercise and crocin (Cr) consumption on doxorubicin-induced testicular tissue has not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between exercise and Cr consumption on spermatogenesis and expression of lutein hormone receptor (LHR) in testicular tissue of rats injected with doxorubicin. Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6), including (1) healthy control, (2) doxorubicin, (3) doxorubicin + 10 mg/kg body weight (kg.bw) Cr, (4) doxorubicin + high intensity interval training (HIIT) and (5) doxorubicin + aerobic training with 10 mg/kg.bw Cr. Rats in groups 3 and 5 received Cr daily at specific doses orally, and groups 4 and 5 performed aerobic training (2 - 8 rep × 2 min at 80 - 110% Vo2max) five days/w. Also, groups 2 to 5 received two mg/kg of doxorubicin peritoneally seven times throughout the study. Expression of LHR and spermatogenesis was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), respectively. Results: Data analysis showed a significant decrement in the spermatogenesis and expression of LHR in the doxorubicin group compared with the control group (P ≤ 0.0001). Also, the interaction of HIIT and Cr caused the most significant increase in LHR expression and spermatogenesis (P ≤ 0.03). The effect of HIIT on LHR expression and spermatogenesis was higher than that of Cr consumption (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: To prevent the harmful side effect of doxorubicin on testicular tissue HIIT and Cr consumption are recommended. Also, the positive effect of HIIT was significantly higher than Cr consumption.


A cross sectional study was conducted from September 2012 to February 2014 in selected area of East Wollega Zone of Oromia Regional State, western part of Ehiopia to identify major parasites of calves in the study area and associated risk factors. The study includes all calves under one year age group and has no history of de-worming. Gastro intestinal parasites are one of the most animal diseases which cause livestock production loss in general and calves health problems in particular. Macc master egg counting was done so as to identify the parasitic infestation level of study animal. Sedimentation and floatation techniques were also employed to identify major parasites of calves in the study area and chi-square test was used to compare prevalence difference in line with associated risk factors. As study result shows, out of 250 fecal samples collected, 66.4% were positive for different GIT parasites while 33.6% were free from any parasites. The PCV value of parasitaemic (23.27%) and non-parasitaemic (25.83%) animals showed a slight variation without statistical significance (p>0.05). But there is statistical significance association among risk factors like season, location, age, breed and body condition and GIT prevalence (p<0.05). It can be understood from the present study that GIT parasites are the major problem of calves' health which requires great emphasis to reduce the effect. Awareness creation and proper control measures of GIT parasites should be given for the stake holders. Keywords: GIT parasites, calves, urban, peri-urban, rural, small holder dairy farms, East Wollega, Ethiopia


Two fast algorithms are proposed to calculate the feedback gains of the receding horizon method to suboptimally control linear time-invariant multi-input, multi-output discrete systems.


E-commerce is creating growth opportunities for e-retailers, especially during the Covid-19 outbreak. It increases the perceptions of both providers and customers toward their shopping convenience. In 2021, Vietnam became one of the fastest-growing countries among Southeast Asia's Internet economies. However, both scholars and management practitioners have argued the inconsistent assessments of the factors affecting customer purchase behavior in online settings. Thus, this study aims to identify the critical factors influencing customer behavioral intention toward e-commerce websites that were adopted from well-established models and relevant literature. The online survey was the data collection method. All items were measured through a 5-point Likert scale. This study proposed and analyzed a conceptual framework using existing survey data from 312 samples in the context of online buying via e-commerce websites. Data were analyzed by using the statistical tool SPSS. The results indicated that factors including perceived usefulness, transaction security, perceived ease of use, trust, and subjective norm positively influence customer shopping intention. The results revealed the most prominent impact of the transaction security on customer purchase intention. Besides, perceived risk is a significant barrier in online shopping through e-commerce websites. The researchers have brought practical insights and made conceptual contributions by extending existing research on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and theory of planned behavior (TPB) regarding online shopping on the e-commerce website. The paper helps to validate and strengthen the importance of customer purchase intention in an e-shopping environment. The findings would help e-commerce providers be able to formulate specific strategies to increase customer usage significantly. Moreover, managers can focus their attention and resources on the greatest significant factors regarding their effects on behavioral intention.


The invention provides an anti-locked braking system (ABS) for an automobile. The ABS comprises a main control unit, a solenoid valve driving unit, a motor driving unit, a solenoid valve power supply, an alarm unit, and an auxiliary control unit connected with the alarm unit and the main control unit, wherein a first output end of the auxiliary control unit is connected with a first input end of the motor driving unit and a first input end of the main control unit; a second output end of the auxiliary control unit is connected with a second input end of the solenoid valve power supply and a second input end of the main control unit; a first output end of the main control unit is connected with the first input end of the motor driving unit and a first input end of the auxiliary control unit; a second output end of the main control unit is connected with a second input end of the solenoid valve power supply and a second input end of the auxiliary control unit; a third output end of the main control unit is connected with one end of the solenoid valve driving unit and a third input end of the auxiliary control unit; and the other end of the solenoid valve driving unit is connected with the solenoid valve power supply through a solenoid valve unit. Whether an output port of the control unit fails can be monitored and judged in real time.


Quality control and quality assurance during horizontal directional drilling installations (HDD) is a topic that is gaining increasing interest and concern in the engineering community as HDD is becoming a mainstream construction technology. The paper describes a method for increasing the transparency of pulled-in-place trenchless installations using an array of sensors mounted within a protective casing, located ahead of the pipe product pull head. The data collected by the sensors, including pull-load and borehole pressure, is stored on a memory chip placed onboard the platform, thus creating a permanent electronic record of the installation. This data can be used by contractors, consultants and owners for quality control purposes and the improvement of design models and construction practices. In addition, real-time information can be provided to the operator, giving him/her the opportunity to detect potential problems in a timely manner so that appropriate mitigation measures can be taken.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


The game of tennis doubles is a kind of competition controlling and counter controlling between the combination of both sides,and the ebb and flow in both sides is the key to win a success or not.A concept of the correct copperation of tennis doubles must be established for a success in double matches.The contents of those concepts are as follows:concept of tactic consciousness,tactic ability and judging ability of them;that of basic dirlls and tactics;that of service copperation;that of receiving a service copperation;that of copperation in attack one another;that of attack the vitals of other sides;that of communication each other,etc.


We read the letter concerning familial paroxysmal tremor by Garcia-Albea et al with considerable interest.' The authors describe a 24 year old man with a mild 9-10 Hz postural tremor of the upper limbs, in whom intermittent exacerbations of the tremor occur. The patient's mother (aged 50) developed essential tremor in her 40s, having previously had a similar paroxysmal arm tremor in late adolescence. The patient had four brothers, two of whom (aged 21 and 22) had mild episodic tremor. The authors knew of only three cases of paroxysmal tremor and considered their patient to have an exceptional presentation of essential tremor.23 In fact, the concept of familial paroxysmal tremor is far from new. In 1949, Critchley clearly described episodic tremor in his paper on essential (heredofamilial) tremor and cited Flatau (on page 117) for having suggested the term "intermittent tremor" in such cases.45 Furthermore, Marshall reported in 1962 that in the early stages of essential tremor the amplitude increases "in an episodic fashion, against a background tremor of the same frequency but lower amplitude".6 The information that we obtained during our recent study of 20 families with hereditary essential tremor showed that this type of tremor typically begins with a feeling of shakiness "inside" which progresses to an intermittent and then persistent tremor.7 Consequently we would consider paroxysmal tremor of the type reported by GarciaAlbea et al to be characteristic of the early natural history of hereditary essential tremor rather than an unusual phenomenon, a view which John Marshall clearly held.6 P G BAIN L J FINDLEY Department ofNeurology, Radcliffe Infirmary, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK


7 Maintenance facility in public buildings has increased rapidly among other business 8 organizations, and thus aim to be one of leading factors in the world. Shelter has been 9 universally accepted as the second important essential human needs after food. Housing in all 10 ramifications is more than mere shelter as it embraces social services and utilities that make 11 communities a livable environment. Efficient housing design is becoming imperative in urban 12 centres; because it is an essential and fundamental component of the overall land activities in


A cluster of CPE educators in the former Eastern Region of APCE, present a case study of supervision, using the familiar format of reflections from educational, personality theory and theology.


It is expected that the establishment of new infrasound stations in the global IMS network by the Provisional Technical Secretariat of the CTBTO in Vienna will commence in the middle of 1998. Thus, decisions on the final operational design for IMS infrasound stations will have to be made within the next 12 months. Though many of the basic design problems have been resolved, it is clear that further work needs to be carried out during the coming year to ensure that IMS infrasound stations will operate with maximum capability in accord with the specifications determined during the May 1997 PrepCom Meeting. Some of the papers presented at the Workshop suggest that it may be difficult to design a four-element infrasound array station that will reliably detect and locate infrasound signals at all frequencies in the specified range from 0.02 to 4.0 Hz in all noise environments. Hence, if the basic design of an infrasound array is restricted to four array elements, the final optimized design may be suited only to the detection and location of signals in a more limited pass-band. Several participants have also noted that the reliable discrimination of infrasound signals could be quite difficult if the detection system leads to signal distortion. Thus, it has been emphasized that the detection system should not, if possible, compromise signal fidelity. This report contains the workshop agenda, a list of participants, and abstracts and viewgraphs from each presentation.


Contemporary manufacturing organizations have adopted just-in-time production philosophy for the last two decades in order to have the benefits of lean inventory at all levels. However, bulk of finished goods end up in warehouses before shipment to its final destination. This is especially true for commodities that require large distribution networks, or for components that are shipped for final assembly at customer site, or for products that are made in bulk but distributed through a wide network to the final consumers. Hence warehouses play an important role in the contemporary economy. However, they have their concerns as well. This case study investigates shipping errors in an existing warehouse from all perspectives, with an intent to improve productivity. It reports some interesting results. Care has to be ensured that they do occupy space economically, have state of the art storage and retrieval systems(ASRS). Care also has to be taken to ensure that they operate under reliable information system and weight management systems. If not, errors in shipping can become sufficient to warrant management attention


The present invention is related to detection of isolated anomalies, and operates in an automatic manner, without resulting in overloading an anomaly management system in case of large-scale anomalies occurring and that does not rely on user intervention.


The responses of the natural microbial community in contaminated and uncontaminated sediments of the Persian Gulf and the Caspian Sea were evaluated by microcosm experiments. Analysis of bacterial densities (total heterotrophic, hydrocarbon-degrading and hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria count), microbial metabolic activities (enzymatic activities), and detection of catabolic genes of alkane hydroxylase systems by PCR were performed on subsurface sediment during 120 days of the experiment. The results showed that contaminated sediments from both areas had high dehydrogenase and lipase activities and low β-glucosidase activity. Lipase and dehydrogenase activities in Persian Gulf sediments were more than from Caspian Sea sediments. On the other hand, Caspian Sea sediments have lower dehydrogenase and lipase activity than the Persian Gulf. PCR analysis revealed the presence of alkane hydroxylase genes in both sediments with prevalence in contaminated sediments. Moreover, by PCR analysis with specific primers, the alkB1 gene of Alcanivorax sp. was detected only in contaminated seawater from the Persian Gulf as well as in artificially oil-contaminated seawater from the Persian Gulf and Caspian Sea. Apparently, the exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons contamination altered the microbial and enzymatic activities of sediments. The detection of alkB1 gene has been suggested as an indicator of oil contamination.


Antigens on the surface of the red blood cells are used to determine their blood group. The major blood groups in Nigeria are ABO and Rh (D). Globalization and trans-continental marriages might have thrown up some other blood group in Nigeria. This study identified the occurrence of kell blood group among individuals with ABO and Rh (D) blood groups in Awka and Asaba, Nigeria. One hundred and forty-two participants were recruited randomly for the study. A ml of blood sample collected from each participant was washed in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) thrice and a 3% red cell suspension of each participant's blood was used to determine their blood groups by their agglutination reactions with anti-A, anti-B, Anti-D and anti-K antibodies. The presence or absence of agglutination in any or combinations of the reactions was used to identify the blood groups. The agglutination reactions showed that 106 (74.6%) were O Rh (D) positive; 2 (2.8%) were O Rh (D) Negative; 18 (12.7%) were A Rh (D) positive, 2 (1.4%) were A Rh (D) Negative; 12 (8.5%) were B Rh (D) Positive; none was B Rh (D) Negative while 3(2.1%) were kell blood group. Two individuals with expression of kell antigen on their red cell were of O Rh (D) positive blood while the third individual was of A Rh (D) positive. The finding that 2.1% of the studied population are kell blood group was an indication that individuals with expression of kell antigen on their red cells resides in Nigeria.


Introduction Silica is currently one of the most important industrial materials, whose nanoparticles are formed via a sol-gel process. They are non-toxic and commercially valuable, for they are used widely in sensors, scintillation detectors, and household products. Future uses may involve metabolic sensors and drug-delivery vehicles. Measuring the size of silica nanoparticles and pores is still difficult and unreliable, despite the multibillion-dollar production of silica worldwide.


The article deals with issues related to the new requirements for training in labor protection. It is considered how to draw up training programs on labor protection. Samples of a training program on general issues of labor protection and the functioning of the labor protection management system, the impact of harmful and (or) dangerous production factors, hazard sources identified in the framework of a special assessment of working conditions and occupational risk assessment are given.


The American Arbitration Association (AAA) began a program years ago in which a case manager would call the lawyers for the parties in new arbitrations and then suggest mediation. In 1992, Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Services (JAMS) sought expansion beyond California and merged with an ADR company on the East Coast named Endispute. The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), in February 2007, hosted its Second Annual International Mediation Competition in Paris. The largest mediation provider in the world, probably by a factor of ten or more, is JAMS. JAMS counts over 10,000 case filings a year and 70 percent of its revenue comes from mediation. The mediation alternative will only get more popular as more mediators acquire the facilitative skills and experience needed in this process, and as more companies have their own success stories to tell.Keywords:ADR company; American Arbitration Association (AAA); International Chamber of Commerce (ICC); international mediation; Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Services (JAMS); lawyers


This paper analyzes information disclosure in the two-sided market with one monopolistic platform and competing platforms. We find that pertaining to the monopoly platform, greater network externalities tend to increase the information being disclosed, but with competing platforms, increasing network externalities may decrease or increase the disclosed information, depending on the information disclosure cost. However, the relation between the competitiveness of either side and the amount of disclosed information is ambiguous. We show that under certain conditions, the welfare and disclosure cost demonstrate a U-shaped relation, which cautions against the policy aiming at decreasing the information disclosure cost.


Now, in the range of DC high current measurement , these questions is also occurring: the lower current measurement range(<600A). the lower accuracy(5 times 10-4 ).it didn't able to meet the requirement of high-power test equipment's verification. So ,the study of DC 600A current standard will resolve the question of high-current equipment's verification. The work include tow parts :the first, the DC 600A current transducer (the accuracy: 1 times 10-5),the second, the DC 600A current standard single afford unit. Thereby, the standard have the ability of output 0~600A and the ability of test DC 0~600A current standard single. Fulfilling the verification of DC high current. There into, the DC 600A current transducer is developed using a new technique on zero-flux detecting principle, The circuit in the transducer can track the variation of magnetizing current and compensate it by single chip processor systems automatically to assure the magnetic core working in" zero-flux" condition., it was used for testing DC 0~600A single. The test of the current transducer shows that the design gets satisfactory results (1 times 10-5 ) .In addition, the DC600A standard single was gained by the current transducer and digital-to-analog converters (DAC).In the pasted 12 month, It was shown that the new current transducer is of high performance. DC current output range is on 600A.Uncertainty is 1 times 10-4 ,DC current measurement range is 0 ~ 600A. Uncertainty is 5 times 10 -5.


This descriptive phenomenological research aimed to describe the illness experience of young women with breast cancer. Study informants were   25 women, under the age of 35 at the time of diagnosis, selected by purposive sampling and theoretical sampling from two hospitals in Northeastern Thailand. Data were collected by in-depth interview and field record.The transcribed data were analyzed by using Colaizzi's method. Four Themes emerged from the participant's description of their experience included1) "Living with the lump" 2) "Getting the diagnosis" 3) "Difficulties during the treatment period" and 4) "Getting back to normal."The results of this study reveal the life pattern of young women with breast cancer, especially the concern that they had at each stage increase our understanding of their experience. This knowledge will be useful in developing nursing care for young women with breast cancer.


The cut tobacco dryer is one of the most important process equipment in the cigarette production ,which is a typical process involving many factors such as multivariablity, strong coupling, time-varying and large time delay .Based on the identification of inverse dynamics, this paper establishes a process model related to some important parameters of the cut tobacco dryer which lays a foundation for optimizing the control parameters, increasing process efficiency and reducing the cost in the tobacco drying process.


Abstract : A rapid prototyping process for manufacturing complex three-dimensional RF structures in ceramic systems was developed. The process combines fundamentals from lost wax investment casting and ceramic gelcasting. The first step is to directly deposit a mold made of a low melting point wax using a high precision inkjet rapid prototyper. Then, a gelcasting slurry containing polymeric precursors, a high solids loading of ceramic powders and a free radical initiator is cast into the mold and polymerized to lock in the structure. Finally, the mold is melted and the remaining green part is sintered. Aqueous gelcasting slurries were developed for MgCO3, (Ba,Sr)TiO3, and a composite of (Ba,Sr)TiO3 and MgO. The maximum solids loading attained for each of the powders was 22 V%, 50 V%, and 25 V% respectively. The 50V% gelcast part had a more uniform microstructure, higher sintered density, less open porosity and smaller grain size than parts produced through dry pressing. The microstructural improvements resulted in a high dielectric permittivity.


The aim of this paper is to compare the maximum achievable output current of the Neutral Point Clamped (NPC), Active NPC (ANPC) and Neutral Point Piloted (NPP) Voltage Source Converters (VSC), in a wide range of operating points, by simulating theses converters with 4.5kV, 1.2kA IGBT modules. The maximum currents are limited by the junction temperature of the most stressed semiconductors in a defined operating point, and in order to calculate these temperatures, power losses and thermal models are needed. With their extra NPC switches controlled by a loss balancing system, the ANPC-VSC can handle large currents compared with the NPC in all cases; but for high output voltages and motor operation, the NPP achieves the best performance in terms of the maximum output power.


Communication is critical in a wide variety of fields. Successful intra-organizational communication plays a significant role in building trust by creating an environment that empowers leaders to lead effectively, motivates employees to work, and thus contributes to organizational performance. In the context of cluster management, communication within the cluster, especially between the cluster leadership and the often vast number of cluster members, plays a pivotal role in successful and effective cluster development. A cluster typically operates in a regional context characterized by multi-agent, multi-objective, multi-vision, and pluralistic processes, methods, competencies, expertise, and aims. Cluster leadership is usually associated with particular difficulties in addressing these challenges. The primary needs and demands to fulfill such a role are to bring together a large number of partly competing actors involved in a cluster, to build up a trustful and open network, to include different cultures, and to harmonize institutional agendas. The main aim is to develop and establish a common ground to communicate and coordinate joint work efforts, which can mutually benefit and create synergies. The present article conceptualizes Effective internal Cluster Communication and Place Leadership as determinants for successful cluster developments. Despite the multiplicity of actors and sometimes even competing interest groups, Effective Place Leader Cluster Communication (EPLCC) enables clusters to inspire common, cooperative, collaborative and synergetic ways of working together. This is key to cluster development, successful and goal-directed cluster operation, and a sustainable operation of the cluster.


Public service is one of the products of the government apparatus that is given to the wider community. The implementation of public services is one of the main functions  in the administration of government which is the obligation of the government apparatus. Professionalism is a factor that affects the quality of public services so that employees as government officials must work professionally to provide quality public services. This research is a survey research with an explanatory survey or descriptive survey approach. which aims to analyze the effect of professionalism on service quality at the Medan Tuntungan District Office. In this study, the population was all employees of the Medan Tuntungan District Office, amounting to 47 people. Given the relatively small number of populations, the  determination of the sample in this study used the total sampling method, which took the entire  population as the object of research as many as 47 people. The research instrument used a questionnaire consisting of 30 question items. Hypothesis testing in this study was carried out by simple linear regression analysis with t-test. The results of the study show that the empowerment of employee professionalism has a significant influence on the quality of public services. This is  indicated by the value of t-count X (10.126) > t-table (1.98) and sig-p (0.001) < sig-〈 (0.05). The magnitude of the effect of empowering employee professionalism on the quality of public services  is 69.5%.


Perceptions of Foster Care Providers' Implementation of the PSTSFA of 2014 by Catherine O. Osilama MBA, Salem State University, 2008 BA Ed, Edo State University, 1989 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Management and Leadership Walden University August 2018 Abstract Youth in foster care encounter challenges during and after they transition from foster care to adulthood. To address these challenges and prepare these youth for transitioning into adulthood, U.S. Congress enacted the Preventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act (PSTSFA) in 2014. The problem, which has received little attention in research, concerns the challenges that the implementers of this policy encounter as theyYouth in foster care encounter challenges during and after they transition from foster care to adulthood. To address these challenges and prepare these youth for transitioning into adulthood, U.S. Congress enacted the Preventing Sex Trafficking and Strengthening Families Act (PSTSFA) in 2014. The problem, which has received little attention in research, concerns the challenges that the implementers of this policy encounter as they provide services to foster youth. The purpose of this qualitative study was to better understand the challenges faced by foster care providers in their implementation of PSTSFA. Von Neumann and Morgenstern's game theory provided the theoretical framework on which this qualitative study was based. The central question explored and provided a better understanding of the perceived challenges that foster care providers face while implementing PSTSFA to foster youth between 13 and 17 years of age. The qualitative phenomenological study included online open-ended survey questions that were applied to obtain responses from 17 participants. Data were analyzed using the modified Van Kaam phenomenological analysis model. The results revealed that foster care providers face various challenges in their implementation of the law, including, but not limited, to training, communication and collaboration, code of silence, and heavy workloads. The implication for social change includes contributing to the dialogue on the challenges foster care providers face their implementation of PSTSFA, and formulating corrective measures that address the challenges. Because of the corrective measures, foster youth will acquire the required training and coping skills before transitioning from care to independence. Perceptions of Foster Care Providers' Implementation of the PSTSFA of 2014 by Catherine O. Osilama MBA, Salem State University, 2008 BA Ed, Edo State University, 1989 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Management and Leadership Walden University August 2018 Dedication To my parents Cyril and Bridget Akhimien (KSM) for their love and support growing up. Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge my dissertation Chair Dr. Anne Hacker, whose invaluable advice and encouragement enabled me to complete my dissertation and achieve my goals in record time. I also want to thank Dr. Mi Young Lee, my dissertation committee member, and Dr. Lydia Forsythe for serving as my URR. I want to express my appreciation to friends who gave invaluable support and encouragement in the course of completing this dissertation, including Alicia McNeil, Fabiola Joselin, and Karlene L. Miller. I want to acknowledge Suffolk University, Boston for the opportunity to use their library in the period I wrote my dissertation. I am grateful to all organizations and individuals I have not mentioned by name, but who contributed in some fashion to the successful completion of this dissertation I am indebted to my children for their love and support through the whole process. And to my husband who was always there through it all, I say thank you, I love you so much. Most importantly, I want to thank God Almighty for His love, His mercy and grace, and for the strength He gives me each day.


The aim of this research project is to addresses the effectiveness of the MCA Rural Banks Computerization and Interconnectivity project to the rural banks. This study will provide an exploratory look at the challenges surrounding the computerization project implementation and how the system administrators, Managers and staff of Amanano and Odotobri Rural Bank in particular perceive them.Collation of the relevant data is followed by a discussion of the challenges emanating from the computerization project that impedes on the effectiveness of the process. After analyzing the relevant information, it became apparent that there are three primary results, which are shown here. The first is that, strategic planning for the computerization project is fundamental and key to the ultimate effectiveness of MCA computerization project. Planning with regard to the acquisition of equipment for the computerization project has proven to be a difficult accomplishment regardless of the type of rural bank. Secondly, training and sensitization of the staff on information technology has proven to be a major factor in effective implementation of the project. This trend speaks directly to the lack of training and the difficulties rural banks face during the computerization of their banks. Finally, it is shown that the expertise level of staff with regard to Information Technology has proven to be a contributing factor to the effectiveness of the computerization implementation process. Keywords: Information and Communication Technology, IT Planning, Millennium Challenge Account (MCA), IT Procurement, IT implementation, RCB, ARP Apex Bank


In this article, we report a rare case of anorectal malformation (anal stenosis) in combination with anterior communicating rectal tubular duplication in a 10-month-old boy. The patient presented with constipation, bloating, anal narrowing, and an additional opening in the anterior semicircle of the anal sphincters. His diagnosis was confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Surgical treatment was conducted by stages and included colostomy, rectal duplication removal with anterior sphincteroplasty, and stoma closure. One year postoperatively, the child had regular stools, no fecal incontinence, and a good cosmetic result of the operation. We emphasized late diagnosis of this congenital malformation. In case of an additional opening in the anterior semicircle of the anus, it is necessary to exclude colonic duplication using visualization methods. Digital rectal examination is recommended to exclude anal stenosis in such patients. Key words: anorectal malformations, anal fistula, colonic duplication


Machine learning algorithms are becoming more significant in one's daily lives, influencing a wide range of societal and industrial aspects. Machine learning is changing the living and work, from personalized recommendations to autonomous vehicles. With the increasing reliance on online transactions, the detection and prevention of payment failures in real-time has become a critical aspect of business operations. This study proposes an efficient ensemble model that employs various machine learning algorithms for accurate detection of payment failures. Multiple algorithms are compared and integrated using ensemble learning techniques to create a robust decision support system. The study identifies challenges faced in payment failure detection and prevention and presents the proposed system as a solution. Proposed experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in achieving high accuracy in detecting payment failures, making it a valuable tool for businesses. The training of an efficient ensemble model that detects and prevents these problems in the present research uses a variety of machine learning algorithms. Furthermore, the use of ensemble learning techniques in the process of building a decision support system will make it more robust. This research compared various algorithms to integrate the best one and create the proposed system. Therefore, the proposed system works well for the accurate detection of payment failures, which is important for any business development.


As opposing grammatical categories,negative and positive constructions constitute the polarity system of language.However,these two categories are asymmetrical.A negative proposition very often presupposes its positive counterpart.In the information flow of discourse,negative constructions can be used to foreground background information and regulate information flow through channeling and repairing information.At the macro-level of discourse structure,negative constructions are especially associated with denial-correction,denidal-basis and hypothetical-real textual patterns,and thus are employed as important means of discourse organization.


The oral cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor abemaciclib (Verzenio – Lilly) has been approved by the FDA for use in combination with endocrine therapy (tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor) for adjuvant treatment of patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, node-positive, early breast cancer at high risk of recurrence.


We previously reported a method for automated detection of ventricular contours in cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) image. However, in the case that the gray-level difference between the ventricles and surrounding tissues is extremely obscure, this technique may not work well. To overcome the shortcomings, in this paper we present an improved algorithm to enable us to extract the contours of ventricles from cardiac MR images having extremely low contrast. The technique is based on our previously reported algorithm by incorporating a 2-step preprocessing procedure. Namely, we first automatically determine the gray value of the boundary between ventricles and surrounding tissues, and then enhance the location of edges to make the boundary clearer. Experimental results confirmed the superiority of our improved method over the previous technique and other commonly used methods.


Objective To study the effect of L-arginine on protection of myocardialStructure. Methods in this StUdy, 14 patients undergoing bivalve replacement were divided in- to two gnure: the control coup (group C) and the exrerimental group (abut E). At the timebefore aortic block and 5 minutes,30 minutes,1, 2, 24 and 48 hours after clearing aorticblock, blood was taked to measure the concentrations of [NO2-]/[NO3-];,and at the time beforeaortic block, and 5 Ininutes, 1, 2, 24 and 48 hours after clearing aortic block the concentfationsof cardic Troponin T (cTnT) were measured. At the moment of aortic block and releasingaortic block, tissues were taken from the left atrium and had electron-Inicroscopic examination.Results After releasing aotic-block, there were differences in concentrations of [NO2-]/[NO3-]between the two groups:in group C, it began to decrease at the the of releasing aortic block,30 minutes later it decreased significantly compared with that of the time of bore aortic block(P0.05); in group E, it increased at the time of releasing aortic block(P0.05), 60 minutes laterit increased to the peak. Two and 24 hours after releasing the aortic clamping, the values ofcTnT in group E were lower than that in group C (P0.01). The results of eledron-microscopeshowed that the mitochondrial in the group E was maintained better than that in the groupC(2.335±0.889 vs 2.725±0.832, P 0.01). Conclusions L-argirilne can probest myocardiumstrUcture effectively during ischelnia/reperfusion.


INTRODUCTION : With the interest in anticipating access to the result of intraoral radiography, the radiographic processing is frequently neglected, compromising image quality. OBJECTIVE : The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of interrupting the fixation process on the radiographic contrast and base-plus-fog density (BPFD) in three brands of periapical films. MATERIAL AND METHOD : Ninety radiographs were taken of an aluminum stepwedge and a lead plate for each brand, and they were divided according to the time of initial immersion in the fixative in: control group (without interrupting the fixing), 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 seconds. During processing, films had the fixing stage stopped and were exposed to a negatoscope for 1 minute, then the fixation time of 10 minutes was completed. The radiographs were digitized and exported to Image Tool 3.0.software. RESULT : Kodak(r) film showed no statistically significant differences between groups, while Agfa(r) film presented difference in BPFD compared with Group 5 seconds, and Dentix(r) film showed statistical difference in all groups in comparison with the control group. CONCLUSION : Under the conditions studied, Kodak(r) film is not influenced by disruption of fixation as regards BPFD and image contrast, enabling early access to the results of radiographs, whereas Agfa(r) film requires at least 10 seconds of initial fixation, and Dentix(r) film obtains better results when the process of fixation is not interrupted.


The corrosion behavior of commercially pure titanium (UNS R50400, ASTM grade 2) was investigated in presence of aggressive, bromides containing, species, reported to cause severe localized corrosion compared to chlorides. To enhance localized corrosion resistance of the metal, several surface treatments were performed. Samples anodized at potentials between 10 and 200 V were characterized in term of oxide thickness and morphology and tested with potentiodynamic analyses in ammonium bromide solution. Base metal was prepared both with etching and mechanical polishing pre‐treatment, to enlighten the effect of pre‐treatment sample preparation on post‐treatment corrosion resistance.


Summary Myriophyllum aquaticum is a non-native aquatic plant that has invaded a range of habitats in the United States and Europe. Myriophyllum aquaticum reduces native species richness at local scales, water quality, habitat quality for fish and wildlife and impacts on human uses. Despite the submersed leaf form, M. aquaticum is not typically a weed problem as water level increases, although little data exist describing basic biological and ecological mechanisms affecting growth. The objective of this study was to quantify changes in M. aquaticum growth as water levels increase from 0 (representing shoreline habitat) to 137 cm under controlled mesocosm conditions. Total biomass at 0 cm was 96% greater than plants grown at a depth of 137 cm. Biomass of emergent shoots, stolons and roots were also greater when M. aquaticum was grown at the 0 cm water level. Submersed shoot biomass was on average 99% greater between 37 and 77 cm. Submersed shoots comprised a small fraction, 0.1–12% of total biomass, depending on water level. Total plant length was 25% greater when plants were grown at water levels from 0 to 77 cm, compared with plants grown at 97, 117 or 137 cm. Nuisance growth is dependent upon plants emerging from the water column; as water levels increase, this becomes more difficult for plants, as a result of the reduced photosynthetic ability of submersed leaves. These results can be used to identify optimal areas for M. aquaticum growth and possibly predict areas of new infestations.


Nigerian immigrants have been largely excluded from studies on issues relating to immigrants living in American Society. Too, often, they are grouped with the general category of African Americans. The problem with this grouping is that, it fails to capture the unique issue presented by the Nigerian immigrants living in American Society. This study examined the perception of domestic violence among Nigerijans and their help seeking behavior I for counseling. The literature has not covered how African Culture affected Nigerian Americans' perceptions i of domestic violence? This study hopes to shed light in this area. Ten marriejd Christian Nigerians (5 men and 5 I women) from one ethni,c group (Ibo) participated in the l study. Face to face interviews were conducted. Six i dimensions were considered: 1. Definition of domestic i violence; 2. Attitude's' towards the use of interpersonal I violence; 3. Attitudes towards causes of domestic i violence; 4. Justification or condemnation of domestic il violence; 5. Coping with domestic violence and help seeking behavior for counseling; 6.Post immigration views on domestic violence.


Molecular design of wear-preventing and friction-reducing additives for ionic liquids is described. The tribological properties of carboxylic acid-derived additives were evaluated by a ball-on-flat type tribotest under reciprocating motion. Tetraalkylammonium and tetraalkylphosphonium salts of N-benzyl-protected aspartic acid were dissolved in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium-derived ionic liquids. They prevented wear remarkably and reduced friction fairly. Influences of alkyl group in imidazolium molecule on additive response were observed. In tetraalkylammonium-derived ionic liquids, the additive reduced wear but did not reduce friction under these conditions. The salt of N-acetyl-protected glutamic acid prevented wear, but did not reduce friction. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Research in emotion analysis is scattered across different label formats (e.g., polarity types, basic emotion categories, and affective dimensions), linguistic levels (word vs. sentence vs. discourse), and, of course, (few well-resourced but much more under-resourced) natural languages and text genres (e.g., product reviews, tweets, news). The resulting heterogeneity makes data and software developed under these conflicting constraints hard to compare and challenging to integrate. To resolve this unsatisfactory state of affairs we here propose a training scheme that learns a shared latent representation of emotion independent from different label formats, natural languages, and even disparate model architectures. Experiments on a wide range of datasets indicate that this approach yields the desired interoperability without penalizing prediction quality. Code and data are archived under DOI 10.5281/zenodo.5466068.


The study palinologi important to prove especially in plant taxonomy. Technological progress with the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) can support in the field of knowledge palinologi because of the world of more than a light microscope. The purpose of this research is described morphological structure pollen Hylocereus costaricensis (super red dragon fruit) use SEM, and use it as biology learning source of senior high school. This research is a descriptive qualitative study that describes the results of observations of pollen Hylocereus costaricensis based on relevant literature. The sample is pollen Hylocereus costaricensis . The object of study that observed is a unit of pollen, the form of pollen, size, aperture and ornamentation eksin. The result showed that Hylocereus costaricensis are categorized in the unit of a monad, the form of subsferodial, the size of magna, the aperture of tricolpate and the ornamentation of spinulose. This research result can be used as biology learning source of senior high school. Keywords: Pollen, Hylocereus costaricensis , Scanning Electron Microscopy; Source of learning biology


Marija Vitanova 1 Viktor Hristovski 2 UDK: 624.27(497.7) DOI:10.14415/konferencijaGFS 2016.001 Summary: Presented in this paper is the vulnerability of road bridges typical for the Republic of Macedonia through analytical vulnerability curves. The typical bridges were selected on the basis of the performed inventory study within which statistic analysis of in situ collected data on all vital structures along the national roads and high-ways in the territory of RM was carried out. The results from the performed statistic analysis show that most of the bridge structures represent reinforced concrete girder bridges. To define their vulnerability, there were selected representative examples with variable geometrical characteristics whose values were adopted in combination with the values obtained from the statistic analysis. The vulnerability curves were obtained analytically, applying the multiple stripe analysis method. Numerous nonlinear analyses were performed with real time histories. PGA was used as a measure of intensity. Based on the nonlinear behaviour of the bridge and the development of displacements in the bearings, four levels of damage were defined.


This study investigates the determinants of participation in the different types of non-farm activities (self-managed business and wage labor) in rural Ghana, with a focus on gender differences and the availability of various kinds of individually managed agricultural assets. The main results are as follows. The productive assets a woman individually manages had a significantly positive effect on the probability of participation in a self-managed business. However, this relationship was not found in the case of men's participation or in engagement in wage labor of both sexes. Women's own asset management could promote their participation in self-managed businesses.


AV conduction disturbances are common complication of myocarditis that can occur up to 33% of cases. Higher-degree AV block is correlated with greater myocardial injury and reversibility of ECG changes reflect the severity of pathological changes. In most cases of myocarditis complicated by AV block there is no need of permanent pacemaker placement. However, low-degree AV block can sustain after acute stage of myocarditis for a long time (1, 2). When differentiating between atrial flutter with 2:1 conduction, sinus tachycardia and supraventricular tachycardia, vagal maneuvers can be performed. Carotid sinus massage usually decreases AV conduction to 3:1 or more and the atrial activity can become visible on 12-lead ECG. In case of the paroxysm of supraventricular tachycardia, vagal maneuvers can be effective for the cessation of this arrhythmia. Carotid sinus massage combined with Valsalva maneuver are reported to be effective for sinus rhythm conversion in 27.7% patients with supraventricular tachycardias (3). Sinus tachycardia also can be slowed by vagal maneuvers. In most cases, this decrease in heart rate will be sufficient for better P-wave visualization.


A slotted waveguide antenna, as part of a wireless battery system for a bone fixation implant called the Echidna Pin is proposed. The antenna has 3-dB beamwidth of 65° in both E- and H-planes and its gain is 7.7 dBi at 21 GHz. The proposed antenna is conformal to the body of the pin and uses the pin as a waveguide. It is shown that placing a small Perspex plate after the waveguide launcher allows satisfactory return loss performance at all resonant frequencies as the length of the waveguide changes. The pin is used in distraction osteogenesis and allows the distance between the two surgically broken pieces of bone to be changed, thus expanding both soft tissue and bone volume simultaneously. The wireless battery system allows reception of RF power and eliminates the need for daily manipulations on an externally fitted device, or an operation on the body to change the length of the pin. It also makes the treatment significantly less painful for the patient and reduces the risk of infection.


The theory of Hausdorff dimension provides a general notion of the size of a set in a metric space. We define Hausdorff measure and dimension, enumerate some techniques for computing Hausdorff dimension, and provide applications to self-similar sets and Brownian motion. Our approach follows that of Stein [4] and Peres [3].


We examine prospects for detecting the neutral Higgs bosons of minimal supersymmetric models (MSSM's) when their decays into neutralino pairs are kinematically allowed. The best signature appears to be ${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{h}}$,${\mathit{H}}_{\mathit{p}}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}Z${\mathrm{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}}_{2}$Z${\mathrm{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}}_{2}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}4l+E${\mathrm{/}}_{\mathit{T}}$. We argue that standard model contributions to this signature are negligible, and examine regions of MSSM parameter space where the four lepton mode should be observable at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The same signal can also come from continuum neutralino pair production. We propose a set of cuts to illustrate that the neutralino decay mode of the Higgs bosons provides a viable signal over a substantial range of model parameters, and show that it may be separable from continuum neutralino production if sufficient integrated luminosity can be accumulated.


Ventricular tachycardia (VT) arising from the region of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is readily recognized, both in its electrocardiographic (ECG) expression and clinical behavior. The distinctive QRS pattern has a left bundle branch block (LBBB)-like complex with tall, smoothly contoured R-waves in the inferior ECG leads. Arrhythmia episodes may occur as rare or frequent isolated premature ventricular complexes (PVCs), bursts of nonsustained VT, or as discrete episodes of sustained tachycardia, often facilitated by catecholamines. Most often, there is no evidence of underlying structural heart disease. The syndrome of idiopathic RVOT ectopic activity or VT is generally benign, with an excellent long-term survival even if untreated. It must be distinguished from other disorders associated with RV VT, such as RV dysplasia and sarcoidosis. RVOT VT is usually amenable to catheter ablation in patients who require treatment. In this review, we will discuss the approach to catheter mapping and radiofrequency (RF) ablation to treat this disorder; a discussion of its pathophysiology and details of clinical presentation can be found elsewhere.


We establish functional completeness of Locally Cartesian Closed Categories by axiomatising the theory of LCCC's in a constructive style. As a consequence we show that there is essentially only one interpretation of Martin-Löf's theory of types with extensional equality in the theory of LCCC's.


The Feedback Vertex Set problem (FVS), where the goal is to find a small subset of vertices that intersects every cycle in an input directed graph, is among the fundamental problems whose approximability is not well understood. One can efficiently find an Õ(logn)factor approximation, and efficient constant-factor approximation is ruled out under the Unique Games Conjecture (UGC). We give a simpler proof that Feedback Vertex Set is hard to approximate within any constant factor, assuming UGC. ACM Classification: F.2.2 AMS Classification: 68W25


The Fabry-Perot interferometer consists of two parallel reflectors separated by a fixed distance. A monochromatic optical wave incident upon an etalon at an arbitrary angle to the normal of the mirror (semi transparent reflector) will experience multiple reflections within the mirrors. The intensity distribution of the reflected and refracted interfering beams using an etalon generates a set of fringes for each case. The distance of interfering peak or bottom of the fringe is dependent on the spacing between the etalon mirrors and the inverse wavelength of the light. Hence, the basic function of the F-P interferometer is to transform wavelength into an displacement. The main advantages of F-P interferometers based on optical fiber over the other sensor configurations such as Michelson, Mach-Zehnder, and Sagnac interferometers are lightness and compactness, high reliability, low cost, and ease in fabrication. Hence optical fiber based Fabry-Perot (F-P) sensors have been used for measuring temperature, strain, vibration, acoustic waves, and magnetic fields. The measurement of voltage and pressure were done by using an etalon based F-P configuration [2.1]. Beside this classic etalon based configuration, there are several ways to fabricate the Fabry-Perot cavity such as using Bragg gratings in or on the fiber [2.2], and air-glass interfaces at the fiber ends as the reflectors [2.3]. An etalon sensor was fabricated in a continuous length of fiber by a pair of semireflective splices [2.4]. In this case, the optical wave resides inside the fiber so that the sensing mechanism is intrinsic. The F-P sensors based on air-glass reflectors are referred to as the extrinsic F-P interferometers (EFPI). The extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer does not have the polarization rotation problem which is inherent in intrinsic F-P interferometer since the light leaves air-glass interface and reflected back through the air gap between the reflectors. Hence the EFPI configuration is suitable for measuring a low exturbance.


Jinhui is a new watermelon F1 hybrid variety developed by crossing inbred line W8 as female parent and inbred line Zhao 10 as female parent. It is developed by Kaifeng Vegetable Research Institute in 2003. It is an early mature cultivar with high quality and high yield. The plant is strong and sets fruits easily. It is suitable for cultivation in open field and protected production in most areas of China. The whole growing period is about 80 days and the fruit developing period is 26-28 days. The fruit is round with green skin,dark green stripes and heavy wax. The rind is about 1.1 cm thick and durable. The average fruit weight is 6-8 kg. The flesh is red,tender and crispy. The center soluble solid content is about 12.5%. The yield on 667 m2 is 3 500-4 000 kg.


The 13C NMR spectra of anthraquinone, eight hydroxyanthraquinones and eight methoxyanthraquinones are reported. Peak assignment for the carbon atoms of these compounds is achieved by using decoupling techniques and by intercomparison of the variously-substituted derivatives. Carbonyl chemical shifts in the hydroxyanthraquinones can be rationalized in terms of cross conjugation and intramolecular hydrogen bonding and in terms of cross conjugation in the methoxyanthraquinones. Hydroxy and methoxy substituent chemical shifts are also reported.


A simplified model predictive control method is presented in this paper. This method is based on a future reference voltage vector for a three-phase four-leg voltage source inverter (VSI). Compared with the three-leg VSIs, the four-leg VSI increases the possible switching states from 8 to 16 owing to a fourth leg. Among the possible states, this should be considered in the model predictive control method for selecting an optimal state. The increased number of candidate switching states and the corresponding voltage vectors increase the calculation burden. The proposed technique can preselect 5 among the 16 possible voltage vectors produced by the three-phase four-leg voltage source inverters, based on the position of the future reference voltage vector. The discrete-time model of the future reference voltage vector is built to predict the future movement of the load currents, and its position is used to choose five preselected vectors at every sampling period. As a result, the proposed method can reduce calculation load by decreasing the candidate voltage vectors used in the cost function for the four-leg VSIs, while exhibiting the same performance as the conventional method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated with simulation and experiment results.


Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of parenting stress of mothers, warm parenting behaviors and controlling parenting behaviors on children's social competence. Methods: A total of 1515 mothers of young children(780 boys, 735 girls), who had participated in wave 7 of the Panel Study on Korean Children(PSKC), answered the questionnaires. The questionnaires included items about mothers' parenting stress, parenting behaviors, and their children's social competence. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation and structural equation models using SPSS 23 and AMOS 22. Results: First, there was a significantly negative correlation between mothers' parenting stress and children's social competence. Also, there was a significantly positive correlation between mothers' warm parenting behaviors and controlling parenting behavior and children's social competence. Second, mothers' parenting stress showed a direct negative effect on children's social competence. Third, mothers' warm parenting behaviors and controlling parenting behaviors showed partial mediating roles in the relationship between mothers' parenting stress and children s social competence. Conclusion/Implications: In order to develop positive social competence of children, programs and social support are needed to reduce mothers'parenting stress and induce positive parenting behaviors.


Unique characteristic of underwater environments is challenging for wireless sensor network protocol. Opportunistic routing protocol is the most promising routing method to encounter the challenges. This paper will review three main algorithms; forwarding set selection and forwarding set ranking algorithms to handle FSR problem, void handling algorithm to handle the communication void (CV) problem, and overhear and suppression algorithm to deal with duplicate forwarding suppression (DFS) problem. The importance of the review is that it will direct the study to energy efficient pressure-based opportunistic routing algorithm for underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN).


Purpose To determine the age related spectral properties of the anterior segment such as transmission and fluorescence and relate those changes to aging mechanisms and retinal imaging


As technology becomes cheaper and more reliable, people are taking advantage of it to improve their standard of living. This paper describes how we can integrate some of the available technology into our daily lives to create a safe and comfortable living environment. The provision of high-speed Internet makes it easy to access and monitor various types of devices in real-time from a desktop, a tablet or any device that has the capability to do so. With the help of this framework, all smart home sensors and devices can be tailored to the user's personal needs, and some of the parameters can even be observed and controlled using a mobile phone. There are a range of home automation systems on the market, but they are either generic or, if customizable, costly. The goal of this project was to develop secure and affordable home applications and to examine how some of the applications can be operated from very large distances using Wi-Fi and smartphone technology.


FY2 doctors in Greater Glasgow and Clyde (GGC) participate in simulation-based learning [1] to improve communication skills in difficult consultations. COVID-19 pandemic restrictions from 2020 – 2022 meant actors could not be present in person for this. Scenarios were therefore adapted to run as remote consultations - two were conducted using Zoom video calls and one by telephone with professional actors, and one ward-based manikin scenario with faculty as actors. We compared the effectiveness of the session, and of each scenario, in improving confidence in communication.
 Questionnaires were completed before and after simulation. Confidence levels were assessed using a Likert Scale (1 – 5) for each scenario. Participants were also asked to rank each scenario (1 – 4) for engagement, realism and relevance to practice at the end of the session, and for which of the three Intended Learning Objectives (ILOs) for each scenario they had gained most information.
 Over 10 days, 126 FY2s (6 - 8 per group) and 23 Faculty members participated. 92 completed questionnaires were obtained. 'Take Forward Messages' (TFM) from scenario debriefs from 12 groups were correlated with the ILOs.
 Overall, there was a significant improvement in confidence in dealing with difficult communication scenarios after the session; (mean ± SEM) score pre 2.87 ± 0.11, post 3.69 ± 0.08, p < 0.01. These values did not differ significantly from 2019 when actors were present in person.
 When asked to rank which scenario was most effective in different aspects, the case on how to deal with an angry patient (Zoom video call) performed best overall (
 Scenario Quality Assessment and Improvement in Participant Confidence Levels
 Zoom and telephone consultations, and manikin-based scenarios can be used to provide effective simulation sessions to improve communication skills. Perception of scenario quality does not always correlate with success in achieving the learning objectives.
 Authors confirm that all relevant ethical standards for research conduct and dissemination have been met. The submitting author confirms that relevant ethical approval was granted, if applicable.


There exist many techniques for feature selection and reduction to reduce dimensions of the large sensor dataset. For real time data processing, compressed and prominent feature of highest significance is desirable for efficient way of resource optimization and computation cost reduction. The goal of this research study is to highlight most significant feature of the dataset and to generate compressed time series by highlighting it. The highlighted feature of accelerometer sensor dataset is extracted, and a more compressed form of time series is generated using statistical and clustering methods like k-means, Partition around Medoids (PAM), Max-Value, 95% Confidence Interval values and Ceil Function calculations. As a result, around 80 % reduction in dataset with the similar pattern as of original time series is achieved. The original time series is compared with generated output series using Dynamic Time Warping method, where, we have obtained normalized error distance of 0.02. (Accuracy 98%)


Objective: To evaluate the biological effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP_2) loaded dextran-based microspheres (rhBMP_2-dex-MPs) on cultured gingival fibroblast cells (GFCs) in vitro. Methods: Cell culture technique and MTT colorimetric assay were used to evaluate the proliferation of the GFCs, ALP kit was used to evaluate the ALP activity of the GFCs so as to show the differentiation of the cells by adding the rhBMP_2-dex-MPs or rhBMP_2 only. Results: The results showed that rhBMP_2-dex-MPs had biological activity, and statistical analysis showed that rhBMP_2-dex-MPs could enhance significantly both proliferation and differentiation of human GFCs more than 10 days, the effect of the rhBMP_2-dex-MPs was significantly higher than that of rhBMP_2. Conclusion: The biological effects of rhBMP_2-dex-MPs were significantly higher on cultured cells than that of rhBMP_2 only. Encapsulating rhBMP_2 into dex-MPs may be an effective way of rhBMP_2 sustained release in tissue engineering work.


We apply the consistent discretization scheme to general relativity particularized to the Gowdy spacetimes. This is the first time the framework has been applied in detail in a nonlinear generally covariant gravitational situation with local degrees of freedom. We show that the scheme can be correctly used to numerically evolve the spacetimes. We show that the resulting numerical schemes are convergent and preserve approximately the constraints as expected. Given the numerical complexity of the method, further work will be needed to make it competitive with the usual free evolution methods currently in use in numerical relativity.


Objective: To make a histopathological evaluation of collagenase-induced intra-cerebral hemorrhage(ICH) in rats.Methods: Collagenase type Ⅶ were stereotactically injected into the right striatum of rats to induce ICH.Histopathological evaluation was carried out at 12 h,1 d,3 d and 7 d after ICH by HE and immunofluorescence staining.Results: The dynamic changes of the lesion areas included the gradual disintegration and absorption of red blood cells,the infiltration of inflammatory cells,the liquefaction and necrosis of the neurons.Astrocytes began to proliferate at the beginning of ICH and peaked at the 7th day.Neurons were necrotic after ICH.Conclusion: Collagenase type Ⅶ induced ICH in rats is an ideal animal model to mimic the histopathological changes of ICH in human.


Temperature changes during transport can cause significant air pressure increases within a wine bottle and subsequent loss of air through the cork. With simple modelling this gives rise to a time dependent logistic equation for the air mass. Various solution methods are shown and compared, giving rise to a surprisingly rich mathematical problem which is suitable for university undergraduate courses as an example of an unusual logistic equation. The solutions indicate the importance of the head space in the wine bottle, and give upper bounds on the air flow due to diurnal temperature changes.

 References J. J. Shepherd, L. Stojkov, The logistic population model with slowly varying carrying capacity, ANZIAM J(E) (EMAC2005), 47 , C492--C506, 2007. http://anziamj.austms.org.au/ojs/index.php/ANZIAMJ/article/view/1058 J. Tremblay, L'influence de la tempurature sur le transport des vins par containers. Rev. Fr. Oenol. , 24 , 11--18, 1984. C. Vannobel, Changes in bottled wine volumes, Rev. Fr. Oenol. , 125 , 41--46, 1990. J. Bear, Dynamics of fluids in porous media, Dover, New York, 1972. R. B. Boulton, V. L. Singleton, L. F. Bisson, R. E. Kunkee, Principles and practices of winemaking , Springer, New York, 1998. P. L. Laffer, Management of wine quality during transport. Proceedings of the twelfth Australian wine industry technical conference , ed. R Blair, P Williams and S Pretorius, 219--221, 2004. G. N. Mercer, A. Wilkins, J. Crook, S. I. Barry, A. Fowler, The shelf life of wine, Proceedings MISG 2008 , ed: T. R. Marchant, M. Edwards and G. N. Mercer, Univ. Wollongong, 2008.


This paper presents the findings from a realistic evaluation of the Mental Health Link project that help to explain the results of an accompanying RCT measuring the effectiveness of the project. The authors acknowledge that this is the first time that a realistic evaluation has been used in conjunction with an RCT and, therefore, this paper represents a positive step towards greater use of realistic evaluation in this area.


Objective To investigate the infection rate of the rabies virus among the animal hosts in Lishui city and to provide the scientific evidence for prevention and control of rabies.Methods Brain specimens of dogs and cats were collected from the pestilential region of Lishui city.Rabies virus antigen was detected by direct fluorescent antibody method(DFA)and its nucleic acid was measured by nested polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Results 9 dog brain specimens from aLl of the speci- mens were infected with rabies virus.The positive rate was 6.72% in dogs and was 6.16% in all animal hosts.No positive cat- brain specimens were detected.Conclusion Immunologic and molecular biological methods were first used for the detection of rabies virus in Lishui city.Rabies virus transmission occurred among the animal hosts(especially among the dogs)in the pesti- lential region of Lishui city.Dog rabies epidemic was rising.


With the technology development in Internet of Things (IoT) area, it is good to try to use IoT and cloud computing technologies to improve the efficiency of medical equipment management. This article described using CT as sample to do the data capture and data analysis with the IoT technology. The positive result got shows the benefit of the exploring.


We present the application of market-driven methodologies developed within the EU-funded NexTrust project to reduce greenhouse gases in logistics through horizontal supply chain collaboration by building trusted networks. In this paper, we report how we measure the reduction in Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions with a uniform and globally endorsed GHG calculation methodology, recently proposed by the Global Logistics Emission Council (GLEC), in order to increase market acceptance of emission calculation guidelines at collaborative parties. To the best of our knowledge, we are among the first to apply and test the recently proposed GLEC framework to assess GHG emissions in a real-life collaborative trusted setting. At the same time we set the baseline for future fair gain sharing calculations. A linear allocation methodology is proposed to share the gains in GHG emissions driven by the each company's stand-alone performance. Our methodology takes into account previous synergies and efficiencies as well as contribution to the network, while guaranteeing each individual partner's fair share of the gain.


We present a mechanism for recovering consistent data .from inconsistent set of assertions. For a common family of knowledge-bases we also provide an efJicient algorithm for doing so automaticly. This method is nonmonotonic and paraconsistent. IT is particularly useful for making diagnoses on faulty devices.


This research paper proposes an efficient solution to the persistent blood supply shortage by introducing a cloud computing web application that streamlines the process of blood donation, storage, and distribution. The proposed system enables donors to register and find blood banks based on their geographical location, allowing them to contribute to the emergency blood supply in a more organized and effective manner. The system also allows blood banks to manage their inventory and monitor blood supply and demand in real-time. Furthermore, it empowers hospitals to request blood units from nearby blood banks seamlessly. The evaluation of the system's performance metrics indicates that it is highly scalable and can handle a vast number of requests simultaneously. In summary, this research paper underscores the pivotal role that cloud computing can play in enhancing the availability of blood for those in critical situations, ultimately resulting in the preservation of invaluable lives.


"The trade politics of EU-China commercial relations have sharply deteriorated in the last year. Obsessed by the EU's trade deficit with China, European leaders have become shrill and confrontational in their approach. China has contained its irritation over the EU's China-bashing, but has slowed down its trade liberalisations. The EU and China must find a new way to contain protectionist threats in their trade and investment relations." Copyright (c) 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation (c) Institute of Economic Affairs 2009.


A versatile, highly stable, reliable Nd:YAG laser is in operation at Brookhaven Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) for illuminating a metal photocathode RF electron gun. This system addresses stringent requirements on pulse duration, pulse timing jitter, pulse energy, spatial profile, and pointing imposed by electron accelerator experiments. This paper describes the oscillator operation, (which also includes control of a semicconductor switch for ATF`s high power CO{sub 2} laser), beam transport to the cathode, etc.


Eight kinds of SBS modified asphalts are studied comparatively with the T0661 method described in "Standard test methods of asphalt and bituminous asphalt mixtures for highway engineering"(JTJ052-2000) and every kinds SBS modified asphalt and hot storage segregation tests top and bottom sample are taken dynamic sheer test with Dynamic Sheer Reheometer AR-2000 in order to get the dynamic mechanics temperature spectrum of SBS modified asphalt.Based on the analysis of experiment data,it is found that evaluating the storage stability only by the standard that △t is no more than 2.5℃ would be insufficient and unreasonable.The SBS modified asphalt in store will produce softening point rise or attenuation,and these will also lead to using properties instability.The platform area of loss factor tanδ whether appearing or not is not necessarily associated with the SBS modified asphalt storage stability stand or fall.


Infinite dilution binary diffusion coefficients (D12) were determined for 10 α-amino acids, glycine, alanine, α-amino-n-butyric acid, norvaline, valine, norleucine, leucine, isoleucine, alloisoleucine, and tert-leucine in water over a temperature range from (293.2 to 333.2) K with the Taylor dispersion technique. At 298.2 K, the literature data for the two α-amino acids alloisoleucine and tert-leucine are not available, whereas the determined D12 values of the others are in good agreement with the data reported previously within the experimental errors of ± 2.0 %. The D12 values for all α-amino acids studied were well-represented by two simple correlations, and the accuracies for the correlations were examined for each α-amino acid.


The kinesin superfamily protein 20B (KIF20B), also known as M‐phase phosphoprotein‐1, is a plus‐end‐directed motor enzyme for cytokinesis. Anti‐KIF20B antibodies have been reported in idiopathic ataxia, but no previous studies have examined anti‐KIF20B antibodies in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs). We aimed to establish methods for detecting anti‐KIF20B antibodies and to investigate the clinical significance of these antibodies in SARDs. Serum samples from 597 patients with various SARDs and 46 healthy controls (HCs) were included. Fifty‐nine samples that had been examined by immunoprecipitation using the recombinant KIF20B protein produced by in vitro transcription/translation were used for establishing the ELISA cutoff with the same recombinant protein for measuring the anti‐KIF20B antibodies. The ELISA performed well, showing close agreement with the immunoprecipitation results (Cohen's κ >0.8). The ELISA results for 643 samples showed the prevalence of anti‐KIF20B to be higher in the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients than in the HCs (18/89 vs. 3/46, P = 0.045). Since no SARD other than SLE had higher frequencies of anti‐KIF20B antibodies than those of the HCs, we investigated the clinical characteristics of anti‐KIF20B antibody‐positive cases in SLE. The score on the SLE Disease Activity Index‐2000 (SLEDAI‐2K) was significantly higher for the anti‐KIF20B‐positive SLE patients than for the anti‐KIF20B‐negative SLE patients (P = 0.013). In a multivariate regression analysis of the anti‐single‐stranded deoxyribonucleic acid, anti‐double‐stranded deoxyribonucleic acid, and anti‐KIF20B antibodies, the presence of anti‐KIF20B antibody was significantly associated with high SLEDAI‐2K scores (P = 0.003). Anti‐KIF20B antibodies were found in ~20% of patients with SLE and were associated with high SLEDAI‐2K scores. Much larger cohort and longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the association between anti‐KIF20B antibodies and SLE.


Sepsis‐associated encephalopathy (SAE) has typically been associated with a poor prognosis. Although sestrin 2 (SESN2) plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation and the stress response, its expression and functional roles in SAE are still unclear. In the present study, SAE was established in mice through caecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The adeno‐associated virus 2 (AAV2)‐mediated SESN2 expression (ie overexpression and knockdown) system was injected into the hippocampi of mice with SAE, and subsequently followed by electron microscopic analysis, the Morris water maze task and pathological examination. Our results demonstrated an increase of SESN2 in the hippocampal neurons of mice with SAE, 2‐16 hours following CLP. AAV2‐mediated ectopic expression of SESN2 attenuated brain damage and loss of learning and memory functions in mice with SAE, and these effects were associated with lower pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus. Mechanistically, SESN2 promoted unc‐51‐like kinase 1 (ULK1)‐dependent autophagy in hippocampal neurons through the activation of the AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway. Finally, AMPK inhibition by SBI‐0206965 blocked SESN2‐mediated attenuation of SAE in mice. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that SESN2 might be a novel pharmacological intervention strategy for SAE treatment through promotion of ULK1‐dependent autophagy in hippocampal neurons.


Introduction: Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is one kind of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), accounts for 7% to 8%. MALT lymphoma is an indolent, organophilic lymphoma that can nearly occur at any epithelial tissues and mucosal sites. The predilection sites of MALT lymphoma are gastrointestinal tract, salivary glands, lungs and other organs. Studies have shown that MALT lymphoma is associated with chronic inflammation and antigenic stimulation, including chronic infection of pathogens and autoimmune disease. Primary thymus MALT lymphoma is rare. Only 92 cases have been reported over the past 27 years, and only 15 cases reported from China before. Here we introduce 7 cases of primary thymic MALT lymphoma found in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and takes a review of the literature. Methods: We analyze 7 cases of primary thymic MALT lymphoma in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from December 2017 to February 2019. We evaluate the clinical features, laboratory test results, PET-CT scans, pathological specimen stained by hematoxylin–eosin (HE) or immunohistochemistry, etc (Figure 1). The median follow-up of 7 cases is 8 months (range 1 to 15 months). Results: primary thymic MALT lymphoma is a kind of indolent small lymphocytic lymphoma, appears mostly in Asian women and is often accompanied with AID. SS is the most common AID. Both contrastenhanced CT and other imaging findings before surgery and pathological specimen after surgery can see mass with smooth boundary, containing cystic cavities of different sizes and numbers. We can also observe a wide range of small to medium-sized lymphocytes, with increased plasma cells surrounding small blood vessels. Primary thymic MALT lymphoma is lack of API2-MALT1 fusion gene. All cases only received "watch and wait" approach after surgery. Up to now, none of them had recurrence, and their quality of life was no different from normal people. Conclusions: When clinicians meet female patient with thymic solidcystic or cystic mass, together with AID, especially SS, and without any symptom of myasthenia gravis, we should take primary thymic MALT lymphoma into consideration.


For nearly a decade, researchers have debated pollution prevention to achieve a sustainable environment Recently, various nanoscale materials, including silver tungstate (Ag2WO4) nanoparticles, have been actively studied for their capacity to effectively prevent bacterial growth. A critical challenge is to enhance the antibacterial properties of nanomaterials while maintaining their biocompatibility. CNT is addressed in terms of sustainable environment and green technologies perspective, such as wastewater treatment, biocompatibility, photocatalytic and green nanocomposites. In this work, we built up a straightforward science strategy to combine Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) adorned with silver tungstate nanoparticles (Ag2WO4) utilizing various strategies. The synthesized nanocomposite is employed for the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine-B (RhB) in a single step which resolves organic dye contaminant issues with nontoxic molecular intermediates at the same time, removal of heavy metals. The development of Ag2WO4 with functionalized bunches on the outside of CNT was investigated by X-ray diffraction, TEM, EDS, XPS, The normal size of CNTAg 2WO4 was around 8.26nm with about uniform size appropriation. Antibacterial impact of CNT-Ag2WO4 nanocomposites was assessed against two of Gramnegative pathogenic organisms and two Gram-positive microbes. adjusting the electron microscopy examination on cytotoxic effect of the drug on various cell line & antioxidant component of CNT-Ag2WO4 is a physical connection with cell layer, the enormous development of cells by anti-mitotic potential, and quicker destructibility of cell, henceforth bringing about cells demise can lookout.


Radio‐frequency sputtered SiO2 films can be made that contain a variety of optical absorption bands and electron spin resonance centers. In addition to absorption bands at 5.1, 5.8, and 7.6 eV that are typical of irradiated fused SiO2, two new absorption bands have been found. The G band at 5.4 eV and the H band at 6.55 eV are present in certain sputtered SiO2 films and develop further when they are annealed in forming gas or N2. The occurrence of these bands and the density of paramagnetic centers produced in SiO2 films when they are sputtered under different deposition conditions has been studied. The effect of annealing to 950°C in N2, O2, and forming gas on optical absorption bands and ESR centers has been determined. Absorption bands appear to be associated with oxygen deficiency in the sputtered SiO2 films since they will anneal completely at 930°C in oxygen. Hydrogen plays an important role in annealing of the B1 band at 5.1 eV, the E1′ band at 5.8 eV, and all the ESR centers. They anneal at 200°C ...


Abstract GPS supports infrastructure assets that are essential to the functioning of national and international banking operations, power grid, transportation, and communication systems, therefore its reliability and accuracy is critical. GPS boosts productivity around the world and has radically changed military operations. Despite the importance of GPS, the relative weakness of GPS signals are vulnerable to interference. This weakness provides a range of opportunities for criminals, terrorists and state actors using GPS jamming devices. Different types of jammers can cause varying degrees of interference, but the use of powerful military jammers are becoming more prevalent. This article provides an overview of the emergence, development, and scale of the GPS jamming phenomena. It argues, overall, that the use of jamming technologies creates new geographies of conflict when we think about the location and proximity of critical infrastructure. It identifies themes related to the impact of jamming to better understand present and possible geographical and geopolitical implications. It concludes that as GPS jamming is not confined to conflict zones. Interference is possible in a variety of geographical areas.


Ayurveda is an ancient and most trusted Indian system of medicine commonly used by Indians since time immemorial. Lifestyle diseases/ Metabolic diseases are described as diseases related to the way an individual or group of individuals live, also are referred under Non-Communicable Diseases. Over-crowding and rapid unplanned urbanization; globalization of unhealthy lifestyles is responsible for some of the major reasons for a sedentary life leading to these diseases. It includes arteriosclerosis, heart disease, stroke, obesity and type-2 diabetes, diseases related to smoking, alcohol and drug abuse. The contribution of metabolic risk factors such as high blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol and that of improper diet and alcohol use resulting in health loss. Therefore, the occurrence of these disorders has doubled in India over the past quarter of a century therefore it is the need of the hour to manage them diligently. Diet plays a key role to nourish life and balanced diet is very important for maintaining good health. In Ayurveda, wholesome diet is described which plays a very important role specifically rather than in modern medicine which emphasizes only on the components in the diet like proteins, carbohydrates, fats etc. Ayurveda additionally deals with various other aspects like combination of food article, their quantity, method of preparation, their emotional effect, nature of consumer including environmental considerations. Pathya and Apathya Ahara (dietary consideration) is a significant component of almost each and every prescription in Ayurveda therapy. Sometimes, Pathya-Apathya (dietary management) is itself an entire treatment.


Polyamide 6.6 reinforced with 30 % glass fiber (PA 6.6 – 30 % GF) are defined by performant mechanical, thermal, and tribological properties. These properties improvement can be achieved by optimizing manufactured extruded profiles. Extrusion process temperature is important for extruded product quality. In this paper the authors proposed to realize a mathematical model for a tensile stress, resulted with the help of ANOVA (Analysis of variance) for a processing temperature in metering zone and forming zone (die zone ). Metering zone and forming zone are the most important for extrusion process. Extruded product temperature optimization increases quality, productivity and productiveness. Key words: extrusion, reinforced polymers, polyamide, glass fiber short fiber, temperature, optimization


Beside typical pollen forms with symmetrical aperture arrangement, various deviant forms with less symmetrical arrangements have been observed in remote Angiospermous taxa. The pollen forms may be arranged in the continuous, geometrically regular and taxonomically unspecific transformational series. Continuous and regular pattern of the variety obtained can not be described by any way of the classification without complete destroying of the unity of this pattern due to the typological procedures (discretization). The paradox is considered: the variety described consists of discrete pollen grains (as the biological variety consists of mortal living bodies) i.e. has the discrete pattern, but the variety of pollen morphological characteristics have the continuous pattern. Problems of description of the pattern of the biological variety and ways of interpretation are discussed.