Higher vocational education in China has entered a period of unprecedented rapid development in recent ten years. To strengthen their own connotation construction through cooperation of school and enterprise,combination of work and study with taking the fusion of industry and education as the main line,has become the inevitable requirement,necessary choice and the only way for the further development and reform of higher vocational education in our country. Higher vocational colleges and enterprises should achieve depth fusion of industry and education in a variety of ways. Higher vocational education and industry should give full play to assume their own social responsibilities and functions,and jointly promote the coordinated and orderly development of social reproduction.


In this paper, we present the performance of multi-user transmitter pre-processing (MUTP) assisted coded-interleave division multiple access (IDMA) system over correlated frequency-selective channels for downlink communication. We realize MUTP using singular value decomposition (SVD) technique, which exploits the channel state information (CSI) of all the active users that is acquired via feedback channels. We consider the MUTP technique to alleviate the effects of co-channel interference (CCI) and multiple access interference (MAI). To be specific, we estimate the CSI using least square error (LSE) algorithm at each of the mobile stations (MSs) and perform vector quantization using Lloyd's algorithm, and feedback the bits that represents the quantized magnitudes and phases to the base station (BS) through the dedicated low rate noisy channel. Finally we recover the quantized bits at the BS to formulate the pre-processing matrix. The performance of MUTP aided IDMA systems are evaluated for five types of delay spread distributions pertaining to long-term evolution (LTE) and Stanford University Interim (SUI) channel models. We also compare the performance of MUTP with minimum mean square error (MMSE) detector for the coded IDMA system. The considered TP scheme alleviates the effects of CCI with less complex signal detection at the MSs when compared to MMSE detector. Further, our simulation results reveal that SVD-based MUTP assisted coded IDMA system outperforms the MMSE detector in terms of achievable bit error rate (BER) with low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement by mitigating the effects of CCI and MAI.


The new features of USB2.0 interface are introduced in this paper. Using CY7C68013 as the control chip, the design of M-JPEG decoding playback board with USB2.0 interface is realized.


This paper addresses the problem of non-response when estimating the population mean of the variable of interest. A general class of estimators is suggested for the unknown population mean of the study variable. Two vectors of the auxiliary information under multi-phase sampling scheme are used in presence of non response. The asymptotic variance of the proposed class is determined and compared with some other existing estimators theoretically and numerically. It is shown that the proposed class of estimators is more efficient than [13] and [17] classes of estimators


We introduce a method to record the transmission matrix of second-harmonic signals, and computationally correct sample-induced aberration. We demonstrated proposed concept by imaging a target under an aberration layer and visualizing muscle tissue in zebrafish.


BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax is approved for chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, with increase evidence of efficacy and safety also in pediatric myeloid malignacies. Its role in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is still under debate and clinical evidences are limited. Increasing preclinical evidence of sensitivity to BCL-2 inhibition has been reported for specific high risk cytogenetic B-ALL categories. In KMT2A-AFF1, TCF3-HLF and hypodiploid B-ALL, in vitro sensitivity to BCL-2 specific inhibition and in vivo efficacy of venetoclax in patient-derived xenografts (PDX) have been documented. Clinical activity of the combination venetoclax/navitoclax has been documented in clinical trials in ALL, with reported activity in hypodiploid cases. Documented clinical activity for KMT2-AFF1 ALL and TCF3-HLF lacks.


Abnormalities of cellular DNA content have long been associated with tumorigenesis. Such abnormalities were originally implicated in cancer development over 100 years ago by German biologist Boveri (1), and during the last years it has become clear that cellular aneuploidy is a driving force in the process of carcinogenesis.


Given a positive function $u\in W^{1,n}$, we define its John-Nirenberg radius at point $x$ to be the supreme of the radius such that $\int_{B_t}|\nabla\log u|^n 2$, and $\int_{B_t}|\nabla u|^2<\epsilon_0^2$ when $n=2$. We will show that for a collapsing sequence in a fixed conformal class under some curvature conditions, the radius is bounded below by a positive constant. As applications, we will study the convergence of a conformal metric sequence on a $4$-manifold with bounded $\|K\|_{W^{1,2}}$, and prove a generalized H\'elein's Convergence Theorem.


We validate a R p = 2.32 ± 0.24 R ⊕ ?> planet on a close-in orbit (P = 2.260455 ± 0.000041 days) around K2-28 (EPIC 206318379), a metal-rich M4-type dwarf in the Campaign 3 field of the K2 mission. Our follow-up observations included multi-band transit observations from the optical to the near-infrared, low-resolution spectroscopy, and high-resolution adaptive optics (AO) imaging. We perform a global fit to all of the observed transits using a Gaussian process-based method and show that the transit depths in all of the passbands adopted for the ground-based transit follow-ups ( r 2 ′ , z s , 2 , J , H , K s ?> ) are within ∼2σ of the K2 value. Based on a model of the background stellar population and the absence of nearby sources in our AO imaging, we estimate the probability that a background eclipsing binary could cause a false positive to be <2 × 10−5. We also show that K2-28 cannot have a physically associated companion of stellar type later than M4, based on the measurement of almost identical transit depths in multiple passbands. There is a low probability for an M4 dwarf companion ( ≈ 0.072 − 0.04 + 0.02 ?> ), but even if this were the case, the size of K2-28b falls within the planetary regime. K2-28b has the same radius (within 1σ) and experiences irradiation from its host star similar to the well-studied GJ 1214b. Given the relative brightness of K2-28 in the near-infrared ( m Kep = 14.85 ?> mag and mH = 11.03 mag) and relatively deep transit (0.6%–0.7%), a comparison between the atmospheric properties of these two planets with future observations would be especially interesting.


Objective To observe the reasons affecting breast-feed for raising the ratio of breast-feed by formulating the measures aimed at related causes.Methods Through observing the clinical status of breast-feed in 1 442 lying-in mothers,the reasons of unsuccessful cases were compared.According to these reasons,the relative nursing measures were formalated.Then,the statas of breast-feed were investigated after implement of the nursing measures.Results The ratio of successful breast-feed raised from 86% to above 95%.Conclusion The nursing measures according to the unsuccessful causes can effectively help lying-in mothers to succeed in breast-feed.


Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are an important pathway for decarbonizing and reducing petroleum dependence in the transport sector. Although one barrier to adoption is the higher purchase price, advocates suggest that savings in fuel and maintenance can make BEVs economical over time. This paper presents a comparison of the five-year total cost of ownership for the most popular conventional, hybrid, and electric vehicles for 14 U.S. cities from 2011-2015. The findings identify spatial variation in costs due to differences in state subsidies, state and local fees, fuel prices, insurance and maintenance costs, depreciation rates, and vehicle miles traveled. Overall, the BEV's higher purchase price and rapid depreciation outweighed its fuel savings in nearly all cities. Extensive sensitivity analyses highlight key parameters and assumptions. Under virtually all reasonable assumptions, federal and state incentives were critical for the electric vehicle to be cost competitive with the hybrid or conventional vehicles.


Objective:To observe the effects of antipholistic and analgesia of Aqitie.Methods:Different kinds of phlogogenic and dolorogenic mice were used as experimental objective and the effects of Aqitie on antiphlogistic and analgesia were observed.Results: Aqitie can obviously increase pain threshold of mice, and impress the formation of edema and granuloma. The effects depend on dosage of Aqitie. Conclusion: Aqitie has good effects of antiphlogistic and analgesia and can be used to relieve the pain caused by cancers in clinic.


This invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic recording, specifically is a spin valve with vertical magnetic anisotropy. Ferromagnetic layers of upper, middle and lower adopt Co/Ni multi-layer film structure and are made by utilizing a method of magnetron sputtering to deposit under the normal temperature. The Co/Ni multi-layer film includes the feature of a preferred direction of magnetization vertical with a film surface because of larger surface and interface anisotropy, and the properties, such as the coefficient of the magnetic vertical anisotropy, the coercive force can be modulated through thicknesses, periodicity and buffer layer of layers of Co, Ni. In addition, Co and Ni are the magnetic materials and have bigger spin polarizability. A whole spin valve and a pseudo spin valve GMR signal can achieve 5/4 to 7.7%; and the exchange bias field of the whole spin valve can achieve more than 4500e, and the thermal stability can achieve 250 degrees centigrade. This invention has an important application value in the computer hard disk reading head, MRAM and the other spin electronic apparatuses.


The content of moral education is viewed either too widely or too narrowly.What′s more,moral education tends to be weakened just in the course of being over emphasized,and the basis of moral education has been overlooked while its lofty ideal is being pursued.All the above meationed phenomena are closely related to the ways that moral education is conducted.Since moral education is extremely significant,special attention should be paid to,so that excellent effects can be obtained.


Abstract: The authors surveyed the prevalence of depression and dementia in the elderly in Ohira town in Japan from 1989 to 1990. The total population of this town was 26,712, with 2,778 people aged 65 and above, constituting 10.4% of the total population. The prevalence of dementia (n=128) was 6.1% and that of major depression (n=9) was 0.4%, according to the DSM‐III‐R criteria. The prevalence of a depressive state which did not fulfill the criteria for major depression (n=55) was 2.4%. The patients with multi‐infarct dementia (n=49) suffered from depression (42.8%) more frequently than those with dementia of the Alzheimer type (11.1%). The rate of depression coexisting with dementia increased with aging, while the rate of depression without dementia did not change in all the age groups.


In recent years, the decline of power system inertia due to the growing share of renewable energy has received a lot of attention. It jeopardizes the system frequency response dynamics and poses challenges to the development of renewable energy penetration. In this paper, we propose a unit commitment model that considers frequency limits. Firstly, we derive an analytical formulation of system frequency nadir from a multi-machine system frequency response model considering frequency support from energy storage systems. Then, we consider PV generation as semi-controllable in our scheduling model. A solution approach is proposed to solve the unit commitment problem with nonlinear frequency nadir constraints. Case studies demonstrate the benefits and effectiveness of the proposed approach.


Two siblings have been observed whose clinical picture was characterised by pancreatic insufficiency, liver insufficiency and chronic respiratory disease. The repeated sweat test and the course of the respiratory disease excluded the diagnosis of fibrocystic disease of the pancreas. Case histories and the pertinent laboratory investigations of these two patients form the basis of this record.


A series of new mercury(II)–organic polymeric complexes generated from 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (bpo) as an angular dipyridyl derivative ligand, [Hg(bpo)nX2]: X = SCN− (1), I− (2), Br− (3), NO2− (4) and N3− (5), was prepared from reactions of the ligand bpo with different mercury(II) salts. All these compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR-, 1H NMR-, and 13C NMR spectroscopies and structurally determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The thermal stabilities of compounds 1–5 and also the reported compound, [Hg(μ-bpo)I2]·CH3CN (6), were studied by thermal gravimetric (TG) and differential thermal analyses (DTA). Solid-state luminescent spectra of the compounds 1–6 indicate intense fluorescent emissions at ca. 470 nm. The results show the influence of the counter-ions on the coordination mode of the bpo ligand in the mercury ion as a soft acid that is capable of forming compounds with four-, five- and six coordination numbers and, consequently, acting in different forms of coordination polymers, containing both discrete and divergent (from one-dimensional, 1-D to two-dimensional, 2-D) coordination frameworks.


_________________________________________________________________ Moral crisis in society, among others, characterized by: a loss of honesty, loss of sense of responsibility, not able to think ahead, lack of discipline, cooperation crisis, the crisis of justice, and crisis care The establishment of the most appropriate character held at the school for three reasons: Firstly the majority of students recognize physical education in schools. Both school age is a period that is effective to instill values. The third physical education in schools still emphasizes achievement. Primary school age children are children aged 6 to 12 years. At this time the so-called child age child. At this time is the most appropriate time to teach skills and educate the child's character. Physical education and sport merrupakan sections and education in general. The purpose of education is to achieve educational goals through learning physical education and sport. Physical education and sport teaches the following values: Respect, Friendship, Sportif, Creative, ooperation, fair play, hard work, responsibility, and Never give up, Implementation of physical education as a means of forming the character are: 1) Modeling 2). Creating an environment characterized by 3). Habituation 4). Instill discipline 5) develop ethical guidelines and 6). Encourage students to show good behavior. Physical education teachers should give emphasis on what should and what should not be done students to study physical education and sport can be used as a means of forming character. © 2015 Universitas Negeri Semarang


Introduction: Succeeding in the first year of pharmacy school is crucial and many factors play a role in it. The purpose of this study was to provide further insight into the Non-academic predictors of success for First year pharmacy students. In this paper we have looked at some of the key factors including years in between starting a pharmacy program and undergraduate, clinical/pharmacy work and impact of covid-19 and having remote learning.


This poster was presented on April 11, 2019 at the Association of College & Research Libraries (ACRL) Conference in Cleveland, Ohio.


An 18-year-old experimental vineyard at Wooster, OH was used for this experiment. Rows were 2.7 m on center with 2.4 m between vines within a row. Plots consisted of single vines having 4 replications per treatment in a randomized block design. Insecticidal applications for this experiment were made on 19 Jun, 2 Jul, 16 Jul and 1 Aug. All applications were made at the rate of 1870 1/ha (200 gal/acre) using a hand-operated constant pressure CO2 sprayer at 3.2 kg/cm2 (45 psi) and equipped with a 9505E-Tee Jet nozzle. On 3 Oct, 10 clusters of grapes were harvested at random from each replicate, and the number of stung berries were recorded.


We study apps' decisions to upgrade to Android 6.0, which restricts their ability to seek blanket permissions to sensitive user information at download, instead requiring them to request a la carte permissions at run-time. Such a shift in Android's permission-seeking policy comes in the wake of users' proactive measures to protect their sensitive information. Mobile apps on Android had a choice of upgrading to Android 6.0 anytime over a three-year window instead of being forced to upgrade immediately. Given the choice of upgrading to version 6.0 that provides mobile apps with the latest platform features or staying with an earlier version that provides them with better access to user information, our study seeks to examine the upgrade decisions of apps in the Google Play Store. By analyzing a unique panel dataset comprising 13,604 of the most popular apps for 24 months, we find that apps that traditionally seek more permissions than those required for the app's functionality, strategically delay upgrading. Specifically, we find that such upgrade delays are more likely when apps seek permissions for sensitive information that are used to serve targeted advertisements in-app. More importantly, we find that such strategic delaying of upgrades come at a cost to apps in terms of marketplace outcomes. We discuss the implications of our findings for app providers as well as platform operators.


Based on HSE checking and supervising management information system in Guangzhou Petrochemical Company,the article analyzes its effects and limitations and builds up a new system that has the functions of risk assessment and forecast,using the method of risk assessment.It also provides the improving ways and handling methods for the system.And it provides the reference frame for the petroleum chemical enterprises to develop and improve HSE checking and supervising management information system.


The SRR loaded circular ring encircled by an proposed structure with conductor backed coplanar wave guide fed with small size antenna is outstandingly necessary part for wearable transceiver device module for healthcare interfacing application. This antenna designed to fine-tune at resonating frequency 3.5GHz, 3.66GHz, 4.1GHz, 6.7GHz, and 9.3GHz. The simulated results for the magnitude of reflection coefficients are −14dB at 3.5GHz, −13dB at 2.48GHz, −35dB at 4.1GHz, −31dB at 6.7GHz, −40dB at 9.3GHz, for the proposed wearable antenna. These values are more suitable for standard UWB band and other wireless interfacing communication bands.


This study was investigated to analyze the inactivating point mutation and expression level of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) receptor mRNA. In first experiment, we analyzed the point mutation. Peripheral blood was collected from each patient. To screen individuals for the C566T mutation, PCR was performed for exon 7 of the FSH receptor gene in 10 patients. No inactivating point mutation of FSH receptor gene was identified in women with premature ovarian failure. To analyze the expression level of FSH receptor, mRNA expressions were examined by RT-PCR method using specific primers for the FSH receptor. The amount of FSH receptor mRNA expressed in POF patients was lower than that in the control group. But it was not significantly different. These finding suggests that lower expression of FSH receptor in premature ovarian failure patients might be the cause of the low response to the gonadotropin during the hyperstimulation in IVF-ET cycles.


In the paper an analysis was performed on the base of numeric experiment methods of a laser beam propagation in a turbulent atmosphere. Comparison of efficiency was carried out of phase and amplitude-phase adaptive control algorithms. It was noted that only wavefront reversion insures the absolute compensation for turbulent distortions of laser beams. It is also shown that wavefront reversion is possible to realize in two-mirror adaptive optics system. The mirrors should be divided by a gap where a beam propagates under conditions of free diffraction.


SIR, In recent years, endothelin (ET)-1 has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) [1] and it has recently been shown that the ET-1 receptor antagonist bosentan confers benefit in SSc-related digital ulceration [2]. ET-1, as well as being a potent vasocontrictor, has effects on vascular remodelling [3], and it is therefore possible that bosentan, by blocking ET-1, might favourably influence the structural vascular abnormality which is known to play a major role in SSc-related digital vascular disease [4, 5]. Against this background, our aim was to measure, in an open study, the effects of bosentan (acute and after 6 months' treatment) on digital vascular structure and function in patients with SSc-related Raynaud's phenomenon. Eighteen patients (7 males, 11 females; median age 52 yrs, range 34–74 yrs), were recruited into the study. All had SSc (12 limited cutaneous and 6 diffuse cutaneous disease). The median duration of Raynaud's phenomenon was 15 yrs, range 3–61 yrs. The treatment period was 24weeks. The dose administered was 62.5mg bd for 4weeks, then 125mg bd for the remainder of the study. The study was approved by the Salford and Trafford Local Research Ethics Committee. All patients signed informed consent. At baseline the subject had an acclimatization period, at an ambient room temperature of 238C, prior to the vascular physiological measurements outlined subsequently. Outcome measures, obtained/performed at baseline, were as follows:


SUMMARY In this paper, several methods for the solution of the eikonal equation are investigated. Using the method of characteristics, traveltimes are computed along rays. Approximate solutions of the eikonal equation can also be obtained. From Fermat's principle, first-order changes in the traveltime can be found by integrating along initial ray trajectories. Alternatively, linearized ray equations can be used to obtain perturbed rays for which traveltimes can be found. A comparison of the ray solution with approximate solutions for the traveltime is presented. The eikonal equation can also be solved directly without rays. This includes recent finitedifference methods for traveltimes. These methods avoid the ambiguity of multivalued time-fields by tracking only minimum traveltimes. The direct, numerical solution of the eikonal equation is illustrated by several examples using forward and reverse propagation of 'curved wavefronts. From these examples, it is shown that first-arrival wavefronts are generally non-reversible. This is relevant for tomographic applications which often use only first-arrival information. In order to obtain unique reverse propagation, multi-valued traveltimes must be accounted for. This is similar to difficulties encountered in traveltime inversion for 1-D structure when only first-arrivals are used.


This paper proposes a method based on Extremum Seeking Control (ESC) for the detection of four major types of faults that occur in induction motors. The proposed method does not require additional sensors and does not depend on the model of the induction machine. By combining ESC and time-frequency analysis methods used for analyzing the motor current signature, the proposed method outputs the type of fault which occurred on the induction motor. The method proposed is highly robust against noise and is able to detect fault components that are very close to the fundamental frequency, even when the motor is lightly loaded. Simulations show the validity of the proposed fault detection method on the broken rotor fault type, as a case study.


— The Integrated Project SALERO aims to advance the state of the art in digital media to the point where it becomes possible to create audiovisual content for cross-platform delivery using intelligent content tools, with greater quality at lower cost, to provide audiences with more engaging entertainment and information at home or on the move. SALERO will build on and extend research in media technologies, web semantics and context based image retrieval, to reverse the trend toward ever-increasing cost of creating media. I. VISION & OBJECTIVES SALERO's [1] overall vision is to define and develop 'intelligent content' for media production, consisting of multimedia objects with context-aware behaviour for self-adaptive use and delivery across different platforms. 'Intelligent Content' should enable the creation and re-use of complex, compelling media by artists who need to know little of the technical aspects of how the tools that they use actually work. • Complete realisation of SALERO's vision is a long-term goal. This gives rise to three overarching R&D objectives: A. Intelligent Content Creation The first goal is to obtain a better understanding of the relations between media types, genres, workflows and styles as a prerequisite to the adaptation and transfer of content elements across productions and platforms. To this end, metadata, media semantics and ontologies need to be analysed, researched and developed that define the parameters necessary for the creation and manipulation of semantically aware media objects of various types. Practical methods of context-based information retrieval will be researched that simplify the location and retrieval of characters, sounds, images, movements or behaviours from very large datasets and media storage systems. Improved methods and tools for language processing and speech synthesis, as a means of supporting the generation of multilingual media content, need to be developed. The objective of this research strand is twofold: the main objective is to devise a machine process able description for the semantic features of a multimedia object and the context it should be used in. This will be tackled by building up a set of ontologies taking into account a layered approach – using an appropriate representation technique for every level of meta-information – that relies as much as possible on current description standards for multimedia. The second objective is to design and implement necessary tools and applications to build up, maintain and query ontologies for multimedia objects. Media objects have different specification needs on different platforms from game …


The paper brings forth the cluster law of science technology development based on knowledge metrics. Taking several provinces and cities in China as example, the paper validates the cluster law of science and technology development from two dimensions of dynamic model of papers growth and dynamic model of patent growth. What's more, the authors discuss the establishment of regional innovation system applying dynamic models.


Supply chain encompasses the organized structure of institutions and organizations the purpose of which is to create products or provide services, raw material, work in progress material, and finally finished product to end users. This paper represents influence of e-business processes in improving performance of supply chain (SC) in context of Indian automobile Companies. This paper will help automobile companies to implement E-Business Processes to achieve better SC performance. This research tries to investigate impact of E-Business Processes on performance of SC of Indian automobile industries. In order to achieve this objective independent variable inventory management, logistics performance and information flow are tested over cost reduction and strategic gain as dependent variable. This study investigate that sample automobile companies attentive towards e-business processes, the sample automobile companies exercise e-business processes in operation of their supply chain and results shows that their supply chain is influence by development of e-business processes (inventory management, logistics performance and information flow). This research shows that practice of e-business processes is very important to achieve strategic gain and to cut of overall supply chain cost, which improves SC performance in context of Indian automobile Companies.


Due to an increasing need for flexibility, embedded systems embody more and more programmable processors as their core components. Due to silicon area and power considerations, the corresponding instruction sets are often highly encoded to minimize code size for given performance requirements. This has hampered the development of robust optimizing compilers because the resulting irregular instruction set architectures are far from convenient compiler targets. Among other considerations, they introduce an interdependence between the tasks of instruction selection and scheduling. This so-called phase coupling is so strong that, in practice, instruction selection rather than scheduling is responsible for the quality of the schedule, which tends to disappoint. The lack of efficient compilation tools has also severely hampered the design space exploration of code-size efficient instruction sets, and correspondingly, their tuning to the application domain. In this article, we present an approach that reduces the need for explicit instruction selection by transferring constraints implied by the instruction set to static resource constraints. All resulting schedules are then guaranteed to correspond to a valid implementation with given instructions. We also demonstrate the suitability of this model to enable instruction set design (-space exploration) with a simple, well-understood and proven method long used in high-level synthesis (HLS) of ASICs. Experimental results show the efficacy of our approach.


In the face of the recent anti-reservation agitation in Gujarat,' the Union Government's call to evolve a national consensus on reservation issue and the recent decision of the Supreme Court in K. C. Vasanth Kumar v. State of Karnataka, 2 the wider discourse that takes place in India today centres round the meaning of justice for the Other Backward Classes (OBCs) or socially and educationally backward classes, 3 entitled to the benefits of job and educational reservations. The elaborate system of compensatory discriminaton for the Scheduled Castes (SCs) and the Scheduled Tribes (STs), has never been a source of intense social conflicts, court cases or political stalemate.`' It


championed by Roth and Kay in the 1950s, apparently because they appreciated that there are di€erences between earlyand late-onset nona€ective functional psychotic disorders. They now claim that, after all, it is one disorder, though acknowledge di€erences in phenomenology, gender ratio and aetiological parameters. Our assertion (Castle et al., 1997), quoted by Roth and Kay, that it is premature to consider earlyand late-onset disorder to be the same illness, grows out of our belief that the current `schizophrenia' concept re ̄ects a set of symptoms and encompasses an array of disorders with di€ering aetiologies; furthermore, some of these aetiological factors are more likely to exert an e€ect in late life than in youth. An analogy with heart failure is apposite. The data reviewed by Roth and Kay are perfectly consonant with this view, and in our opinion lumping all such disorders together under the schizophrenia label detracts from the lessons to be learned about the disparate aetiological factors and how they interact to produce the set of symptoms which we recognize as belonging to the `group of schizophrenias' (to use Bleuler's term).


Abstract Kant's commitment to autonomy raises difficult questions about the very possibility of Kantian moral education, since appeal to external pedagogical guidance threatens to be in contradiction with autonomous virtue. Furthermore, moral education seems to involve getting good at something through repetition; but Kant seems to eschew the notion of repeated natural activity as antithetical to autonomy. Things become even trickier once we remember that Kant also views autonomous human beings as radically evil: we are capable of choosing rationally and autonomously, but, left to our own devices, that same capacity for reason might tempt us to choose only out of a concern to satisfy our happiness. We thus need a moral education which realizes autonomy while dodging the dual bullets of external natural forces and internal evil forces. Ultimately, his concerns about external natural forces and internal evil forces do not lead Kant to reject either moral education or a role for repeated activity in it. Rather, he advocates a carefully circumscribed appeal to repeated activities within a course of Socratic moral education focused on encouraging the student, subjectively and first-personally, to claim her autonomy, resulting in the cheerful and vigilant exercise of virtue as an aptitude.


Neuropilin is a receptor both for semaphorins, which are mediators of neuronal guidance, and for VEGF, an angiogenesis factor. While the function of neuropilin in the nervous system has been characterized, its role in angiogenesis is also beginning to be elucidated. It has been shown that neuropilin and its soluble isoforms regulate tumor angiogenesis and subsequent tumor growth. This article reviews some of the structural and functional features of neuropilin and presents experimental evidences showing that it is a mediator of angiogenesis.


Enterprise Resource Planning is a subject of fundamental importance for companies of all sizes, allowing them to efficiently manage company assets. Nonetheless, a proper ERP process requires a non-negligible amount of up-to-date and reliable information in order to be able to effectively schedule enterprise resources. On the other hand, more and more companies start adopting Customer Relationship Management tools - mainly in the form of software solutions - to better handle their interactions with customers, making available a huge amount of data relative to the company's sales history. However, such data is usually just an historic collection and is not directly exploitable for ERP purposes. The solution we propose here aims to exploit CRM historical data to predict a company's revenues using machine learning methods in the context of a consulting firm. By looking at the past history of contract negotiations, we predict a winning probability for each contract opportunity and we subsequently aggregate them to have a single forecast of revenues. The goal of this research is to valorize CRM data and to extract from it valuable information for ERP purposes, such as a prediction of a company's revenues.


KANSAS was one of the states in which the legislature tried to anticipate the expected enactment of the federal Social Security Act by passing, in the spring of 1935, legislation which, it was believed, would enable Kansas to share promptly in the expected grants-in-aid to be provided by the bill before the Congress. The Kansas act provided for "making an appropriation to aid in supervision of public welfare, relief, social security, and unemployment in the State of Kansas $775,000 was appropriated by the legislature for this purpose.2 After the passage of the federal Social Security Act the state emergency relief agency was of the opinion that, with the state appropriation available, Kansas would be eligible to participate under the federal act and secure grants-in-aid for old age assistance, aid to dependent children, and aid to the blind. However, after the Kansas plan was submitted to the Social Security Board it was rejected in January, 1936, because of lack of state legislation permitting the state to make mandatory rules for county commissioners.3


The average activation−deactivation equilibrium constant, 〈K〉, was determined on a theoretical basis for controlled free-radical copolymerizations operating via a reversible termination mechanism (i.e., nitroxide-mediated polymerization or atom transfer radical polymerization), using the terminal model for the activation−deactivation equilibrium and the terminal model or the implicit penultimate unit effect model for the propagation reaction. From the equation, it was shown that the addition of a small fraction of an appropriate comonomer to a monomer with a very large activation−deactivation equilibrium constant, K, might lead to strong reduction of 〈K〉, providing the added comonomer exhibits a low K. In nitroxide-mediated polymerization, the monomers with a very high K, such as the methacrylic esters, do not lead to controlled polymerization in the presence of nitroxides like SG1, despite the absence of disproportionation reaction between the nitroxide and the growing radical, because of the too fast ir...


PURPOSE: A signal processing apparatus for phase transition and attenuation for a multiple transmission line is provided, which can control phases and attenuation of a number of input signals by varying an electrical length of the whole transmission line by adjusting a dielectric constant. CONSTITUTION: A housing(100) is formed in a circular plate type, and a number of input connectors(111-118) are fixed to one side of the bottom of the housing and are applied with an external signal. A number of output connectors(121-128) are fixed to another side of the bottom of the housing and transmit the input signal to the external. A circular plate(131) is embedded in the housing and comprises an axis(130) receiving a rotation force from the external. A dielectric(140) is fixed to a stepped part of the circular plate and varies an electrical length of a transmission line. And a number of transmission lines(151a-154a,151b-154b) for transmitting signals inputted through the input connectors to the output connectors are formed on a printed circuit board(160) symmetrically each other.


Chromosome numbers are reported for 14 African species and varieties in the genus Trifolium L. All species belong in that section of the genus with a basic chromosome number of x = 8. There are differences in chromosome size and morphology between species, and three are polyploids. A consideration of the karyotype, growth form, and distribution of these species suggests that some of them are primitive, and that the highlands of East Africa may be a centre of origin of the genus.


The invention relates to the field of airplane bus data processing method design, and especially relates to a flight bus data processing method. The invention at least aims to solve the problem that the cause of fault cannot be judged accurately by the existing data processing method. The flight bus data processing method comprises the following steps: when finding that any subsystem is abnormal and stills passes self-inspection during flight of an airplane, collecting data passing self-inspection transmitted on the bus of a corresponding subsystem through a bus; identifying the collected data in a predetermined identification form to distinguish the data of different subsystems and the data of the same subsystem in different periods of time; storing the identified data in chronological order; and after the airplane lands, querying the stored data based on an abnormal subsystem and the time when the subsystem becomes abnormal, and playing the found data back in order of storage time. The abnormal state of a corresponding subsystem can be analyzed and located accurately during flight of an airplane.


One of the problems in the implementation of the 2013 curriculum for learning javanese is the lack of teacher's understanding about the curriculum so that effects on the preparation lesson plan and learning implementation. This research aimed to describe the suitability of the learning with teacher's lesson plan in junior high school pemalang district of pulosari. The result of the research are lesson plan javanese teachers is in conformity with Permendikbud number 65 of 2013, but on the basis of verbal messages delivery competence indicator, there is no indicators that make basic competence is achieved so that the learning objectivies have been achieved. Implementation of learning components that are in accordance with lesson plan is materials, methods, assessment, approaches. There is a mismatch between lesson plan and implementation of the javanese learning is on time allocation component, approaches, methods, media, materials, step of learning in core activitis and assessment.


Operations research is meaningless unless it gets results quickly. Every group has its own preferences, and possibly other methods are better, but the fact remains that almost all the real problems we have solved have been solved by the Monte Carlo method, which gave acceptable results in a reasonable time. Operations Research, ISSN 0030-364X, was published as Journal of the Operations Research Society of America from 1952 to 1955 under ISSN 0096-3984.


Electron spin resonance has been studied in single crystal spheres of EuxSr1−xS with samples of nominal composition x=0.4, 0.5, and 0.54. The emphasis has been on the field for resonance of x=0.4 material at 11.65 GHz at temperatures between 4.2 and 1.65 K. Even at the lowest temperatures the lines do not vary with crystal orientation. In all samples there is a depression of the field for resonance beginning at about 10 K, and increasing to the lowest temperatures. This is interpeted as an ''internal'' field Hi. Measurements at 17 GHz reveal that Hi for all three compositions decreases with increasing frequency. Surprisingly, at 1.65 K, this seems to vary with sphere size for the x=0.4 composition. In addition to the experiments on spheres, a small plate‐shaped specimen of x=0.4 was studied. It too showed a large depression of the field for resonance at 1.75 K.


Many of Russias demographic indices have changed dramatically during the last 10 years. Fertility in Russia fell below replacement level several decades ago subsequently a negative natural population increase emerged. This was predicted by population forecasts elaborated in the 1980s and accelerated by the sharp fertility decline in the 1990s. However such a decline was not specific in Russia it was typical for many European countries. As to the level of mortality and its trends the Russian position is poor compared to all the Western industrial countries. It is uncharacteristic for such countries to increase in mortality rates. Stabilization of the size of the Russian population in the first decades of the 21st century will be possible only when net migration is positive for Russia and of significant proportion. Nevertheless it is unlikely that this condition will be realized taking into consideration the economic and political realities of Russia. A decline in the size of the population is more probable.


Creating an experimental stripper with the theory of the stripper combine and carrying through the factor test, the rule of the major factors which cause the loss of the stripper such as the position parameter of nose A, B , the stripper height H , the machine advancing velocity v m, and the revolution of roller n z can be evaluated.


In this paper, by using the generalization of Ljusternik theorem, the open mapping theorem of convex process, and the convex sets separation theorem, we give the necessary conditions for the efficient solution to the constrained vector equilibrium problems without requiring that the ordering cone in the objective space has a nonempty interior and without requiring that the the convexity conditions. By the assumption of the convexity, we give the sufficient conditions for the efficient solution. As applications, we give the necessary conditions and the sufficient conditions for efficient solution to the constrained vector variational inequalities and constrained vector optimization problems.


An essential part of the planning and control of any manufacturing system is the development of a model of the key processes. The Critical Path Method (CPM) is the most widely used modeling method in construction due to its simplicity. Discrete-event simulation is more versatile than CPM and is well suited to modeling manufacturing processes since these tend to be repetitive, but it lacks the simplicity in use of CPM and thus has not been widely adopted in construction. This paper demonstrates an alternative modelling approach, Foresight, developed to provide the modeling versatility of simulation, and yet be relatively simple to use and visually insightful. Previous work demonstrated the application of Foresight to in-place construction work and compared its performance to conventional simulation. This paper extends this work, demonstrating the application of Foresight to manufactured construction processes whereby streams of jobs, with design variances, are executed within a factory.


This paper analyses a multi-compressor system for its performance failures and subsequent improvements. The logbook data of this system has been obtained. Data has been classified using various state-of-art data classification techniques. This paper presents a comparative analysis of Fuzzy clustering algorithm, Hard-c-means clustering and Gustafson-Kessel clustering algorithm. Data clustering errors have been obtained and results have been plotted. Concept of Fuzzy entropy as a measure of error has been implemented in this paper for the first time. Finally based on this data handling, data based controllers for multi-compressor systems have been developed using back-propagation algorithm and bi-directional associate memory neural networks. It has been shown that the controller error is less in the case of backpropagation algorithm. Thus, finally authors recommend fuzzy clustering for data handling and backpropagation algorithm for controller development for this industrial system.


One attempt to create a processed product of fishery products in the form of finished goods which main raw material are fishery products is by processing it into crackers. Crackers are generally made from tapioca flour as a source of starch with the addition of spices and water which have a low nutrient content. Addition of nutritional crackers can be done by adding fish meat. While on the other hand, the type of fish as the main raw material for making fish crackers greatly influences the color, texture and taste of fish crackers. As in the case with squid crackers which have distinctive taste and performance when compared to other fish crackers. To see the potential of the squid cracker business, it is necessary to conduct research to see whether the processing of squid into squid crackers is able to provide increased income or in other words whether the squid cracker business is feasible or not and how much added value from processing squid to squid crackers. This study aims to look at the feasibility of squid cracker business in terms of financial aspects and to determine the amount of added value obtained from processing squid into squid crackers. The research showed that the development of a squid cracker business was feasible and prospective to be carried out.


A program has been developed for the Yucca Mountain Project (YMP) to manage and study the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizi), a threatened species that occurs at low densities at Yucca Mountain. The goals of this program are to better understand the biology and status of the desert tortoise population at Yucca Mountain, assess impacts on tortoises of site characterization (SC) activities, and minimize those impacts. The first steps we took to develop this program were to compile the available information on the biology of tortoises at Yucca Mountain, ascertain what information was lacking, and identify the potential impacts on tortoises of SC. We then developed a technical design that can be used to identify and mitigate direct and cumulative impacts and provide information on tortoise biology. Interrelated studies were developed to achieve these objectives. The primary sampling unit for the impact monitoring studies is radiomarked tortoises. Three populations of tortoises will be sampled: individuals isolated from disturbances (control), individuals near major SC activities (direct effects treatment and worst-case cumulative effects treatment), and individuals from throughout Yucca Mountain (cumulative effects treatment). Impacts will be studied by measuring and comparing survival, reproduction, movements, habitat use, health, and diet of these tortoises. A habitat quality model also will be developed and the efficacy of mitigation techniques, such as relocating tortoises, will be evaluated.


The paper studies the methods for predicting the reliability of technical security equipment located at transport infrastructure facilities. The methods of determining the probability of the state of readiness of technical systems with various combinations of parameters of the maintenance system are considered. The automation capabilities are demonstrated in the study of the effectiveness of technical security equipment based on the analysis of their tactical and technical characteristics.


Technologies have always been an important element of the production, distribution and consumption of media content. In the past years, the 'materiality' of media communication regained the attention of media scholars. This "re-discovery of media" (Zillien 2008) is accompanied by empirical research, for instance, on the implementation of technologies in newsrooms, but also on the adoption of new media technologies by recipients. Because existing theoretical models of the journalism-audience-relationship rarely include the 'mediating' channels (technological objects), we still face a conceptual gap regarding the role of technologies between media producers (journalists) and users (audience). Since we cannot fully understand the journalism-audience-relationship without reflecting the role of technological objects and infrastructures, a more inclusive framework is needed. To establish such a holistic view, the concept of technologies as 'intermediaries' or 'interfaces' is introduced. I argue that these 'bridging technologies' and their intermediating functions provide a helpful starting point to analyze how the journalism-audience-relationship is not only structured and shaped by cognitive, normative or cultural aspects and practices, but also by the affordances of media technologies. The proposed conceptual framework seeks to guide and inspire innovative empirical research, as well as to encourage a critical reflection of technological intermediaries.


Storage area networks (SANs) are an emerging data communications platform which interconnects servers and storage devices (such as disks, disk arrays, and tape drives) to create a pool of storage that users can access directly. This networking approach reports benefits such as computer clustering, topological flexibility, fault tolerance, high availability, and remote management. In order to evaluate the performance of these systems it is necessary to have the adequate tools. Usually, performance evaluation may be based on analytical modeling or simulation. Each of them differs in their scope and applicability. However the simulation modeling technique offers more freedom, flexibility, and accuracy than the analytical methods. Thus, when evaluating the performance of SANs, simulation modeling should be used. In this paper the issues involved in the modeling and design of a very flexible and easy to use SAN simulator are presented. This tool is able to consider among others, both real-world I/O traces and synthetic I/O traffic, message packetization, faults in links and switches, virtual channels, different routing algorithms, etc. We describe its main internal organization, the basic modeling mechanisms the simulator is based on, the main input parameters and output performance variables. Also, the analysis of preliminary results using I/O traces is presented, showing that the storage network increases self-similarity of the traffic received by servers, latency variations are more important for control messages than for data messages, and links have a low utilization.


Our country is now in the process of remodeling the social values. This paper expounds how the public library to develop the social reading and extend the living space of the library by means of its own superiorities in the process of remodeling the social values caused by the economic transformation.


In Yunnan,the house fetish,which is full multi-dimensional connotations,is in plenteous forms,and is attached with utilitarian purposes,is prevalent in the houses of the local national minorities.In order to reveal the plentiful indigenous knowledge and the cultural implication of it,through the theoretical approach of anthropology,the three concepts closely relevant to the house fetish,viz.national minorities' view of supernatural powers and supernatural phenomena,tattoo of religious rituals and the symbol of space,are interpreted and analyzed.Bsides,views on the current situation of the cultural heritage preservation of Chinese national minorities and views on the tactics for the preservation are proposed.


Background. Understanding the functions of different brain areas has represented a major endeavor of neurosciences. Historically, brain functions have been associated with specific cortical brain areas; however, modern neuroimaging developments suggest cognitive functions are associated to networks rather than to areas. Objectives. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the connectivity of Brodmann area (BA) 37 (posterior, inferior, and temporal/fusiform gyrus) in relation to (1) language and (2) visual processing. Methods. Two meta-analyses were initially conducted (first level analysis). The first one was intended to assess the language network in which BA37 is involved. The second one was intended to assess the visual perception network. A third meta-analysis (second level analysis) was then performed to assess contrasts and convergence between the two cognitive domains (language and visual perception). The DataBase of Brainmap was used. Results. Our results support the role of BA37 in language but by means of a distinct network from the network that supports its second most important function: visual perception. Conclusion. It was concluded that left BA37 is a common node of two distinct networks—visual recognition (perception) and semantic language functions.


Software-defined networking (SDN) offers unprecedented control over network operation, allowing network operators programmatic control over switches' forwarding behavior. In the compass-rose metaphor for networks, an SDN controller sends commands that modify switches' forwarding tables (so-called flowmods), queues, counters, etc., by means of the southbound API. Several different southbound APIs exist. OpenFlow [9] is surely the most popular of the SDN APIs, but others exist [1, 5]. SDN replaces old but working legacy distributed algorithms like OSPF with new controller code—which, like all code, will have bugs. Some of these bugs will manifest as bad forwarding behaviors, but others will manifest as southbound protocol errors. As SDN has matured, controllers' capabilities have expanded— and the southbound APIs have expanded with them. For example, OpenFlow 1.0 specifies that a switch consists of a single match/action table; by OpenFlow 1.1, a switch can have any acyclic topology of tables, and by OpenFlow 1.3 each table can have varying capabilities. Expanding the capabilities of SDN is all to the good, but these new features aren't free: they introduce new failure modes. OpenFlow 1.0 controllers can only send rules matching a fixed set of headers to a single table, so there are only a few kinds of bad rules that can be sent (e.g., matching on IP fields before checking that the Ethertype is 0x0800 ). In OpenFlow 1.3, there are new kinds of mistakes to be made: sending a rule to the wrong table; sending a match, action, or instruction to a table that doesn't support it; or sending an instruction to a a table indicating an invalid next table in the Goto-Table instruction.


IntroductionCritical thinking is said to entails such features as interpretation, analysis, assessment, presumption, explanation, and self-regulation. Halpern(2003) mentioned that "critical thinking is one of the cognitive abilities that "increase[s] t he probability of a desirable outcome, ... the kind of thinking involved in solving problems, formulating inferences, calculating likelihoods and making decisions" ( p.6). According to Chaffee (1988) critical thinking is "our active purposeful and organized efforts to make sense of world by carefully examining our thinking, and the thinking of others, in order to clarify and improve our understanding (p. 29)".As Brookfield (1991 ) says "Critical Thinking involves recognizing and researching assumptions that undergird thoughts and actions (p 17)". He suggest that critical thinking entail research skills, being able to scrutinize the source of our knowledge, and how we use it in making decision.Critical thinking described by Ivie (2001) in terms of thoughtful practice enabling learners to "establish clear and logical connections between beginning premises, relevant facts and warranted conclusions" (Ivie, 2001, p.10).Similarly, newly, in attaining academic objectives the ideas relating to critical thinking have become a principal examination for EFL and ESL researchers and practitioners. Critical thinking skills are teachable and can be supported through different techniques and activities applied in the classroom setting that have a ppeared from these studies. For example, Dantas-Whitney (2002) pointed out that the use of thoughtful audiotape journals improved ESL University students' critical thinking.A more recent and growing line of research investigate the differential methods and strategies for finding a way to increase learners' critical thinking. One of which might be conferencing.According to Genesee and Upsure (1996) conferences are different from other forms of assessment in that "they focus directly on learning process and strategies" (p.110).Brown and Hudson (1998) asserted the advantages of conferences are that teachers can use them as:- Foster student reflection on their own learning process;- Help students develop better self-images;- Elicit language performances on particular tasks, skills or other language points;- Inform, observe, mold and gather information about students (p.663).MethodologyThe participants were 60 both male and female adult English learners all elementary studying English in 2 classes. In one, conferencing was practiced and the other class served as the control group (didn't receive any special treatment). None of the candidates knew that they were part of a r esearch project so there was a kind of randomization to ensure the validity of the results. The Persian version of Critical Thinking Questionnaire (CTQ) was administered in class prior to the study as a pre -test and after the implementation span at the end of one semester. Regarding validity, the Watson-Glaser test enjoys all areas of face, content, criterion and construction validity (Mirzai, 2012). In the current study, the Persian version of the Watson-Glaser test, Form A (WGCTA-FA) was run to measure the participants' critical thinking. The test consists of five subsections, namely drawing inferences, recognizing assumptions, making deductions, interpreting evidence, and evaluating arguments, each comprising 16 items. As said by Mohammadyari (2002), this test and its subscales do have reliability and validity in Iranian culture. To analyze the reliability of the questionnaire, split-half reliability estimate was utilized. With the adapted version in Iran, the reliability was found to be 0.98 and the results of the factor analysis provided some support for the inventory hypothesized structure (Mohammadyari, 2002). The test -retest reliability of the original version of this critical thinking appraisal (r = 0. …


Introduction:
 Higher heart rate is associated with worse outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (EF). This association is less certain in patients with HF and preserved EF (HFpEF).

 Methods:
 The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) HF community surveillance study sampled HF hospitalizations from 2005-2010 identified by ICD discharge codes (for patients aged ≥ 55 years from 4 US communities). Patients with validated acute decompensated HF (ADHF) and EF ≥50% were categorized as HFpEF. We examined the association between quartiles of heart rate (HRt) at admission and 1-year mortality in HFpEF patients using multivariable Cox-proportional hazard models. Patients with atrial fibrillation, pacemakers and ICDs, and patients with missing covariates were excluded. Analyses were weighted to account for the stratified sampling design.

 Results:
 The final study sample included 874 HFpEF hospitalizations (weighted n=3934). Patients with lower HRt were more often male; more often had hypertension, less lung disease, had lower eGFR values and were more often on beta-blockers and diuretics. Unadjusted Kaplan Meier curves showed significant survival differences between the HRt quartiles (Fig). After adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, labs and medications (including beta blockers), compared to patients in the lowest HRt quartile, patients with HRt in the highest quartile had the highest risk of mortality (hazard ratio [95% CI] 2.07 [1.22-3.52]); patients in the 3rd and 2nd quartiles also had elevated risks (1.92 [1.22-3.04] and 1.44 [0.90-2.23]).

 Conclusions:
 There is a strong association between increasing HRt at admission and 1-year mortality in acute decompensated HFpEF.


Objective To observe the effect of glutamine(Gln) on intestinal permeability after surgery of children,also its influence on the plama level of interleukin-2(IL-2),endotoxin and synthesize of protein through a random nutrition trial. Methods Twenty children suffered from congenital heart disease were divided into Gln group and control group with random number table,10 cases in each group.They were all given isonitrogenous and isocaloric total paraenteral nutrition after 24 h postoperatively.In Gln group the Dipeptiven [N(2)-L-alanyl-L-glutamine] was used with 2 ml/kg·24h additionly.Before operation,24h and 96 h after operation,intestinal permeability,serum level of endotoxin,IL-2,C-reaction protein,prealbumine were measured.Results Intestinal permeability increased in 24 h after cardiac surgery in two groups,while the concentration of endotoxin also increased,96 h after surgery the intestinal permeability recovered,but the endotoxin level did not decrease in control group(P0.01).Conclusion Utilization of Gln can improve immune suppression,elevate the IL-2 level,decrease the endotoxin concentration,alleviate the infection,but has no effect on the protein synthesis after congenital cardiac operation of children.


I teach Physics and Mathematics to the students of age group 14 to 16.

Space education projects by students are an important activity of science education in our school. We have around thirty Teacher liaisons with Space foundation and eight Honeywell Space educators.  In 2018 Space foundation invited our school to join a project on Mars. Below are some of the activities accomplished under this project.

Students were divided into four groups: Engineering, Geology, Water and Life. Each group had a mission to accomplish. I was in charge of the engineering group.

Engineering group had to design one simple and one complex rover. They built balloon rovers with simple materials like balloon, straw, bottle caps etc. The speed and distance covered by the rover could be measured.

The complex rover was a marvel. The rover had sensors and was programmed to video record and capture images. It could drill and collect surface material in containers. It could also move over rough terrain and climb small obstacles.

Geology group compared the composition of rocks collected from Ladakh in India with those on Mars. Interestingly, a lot of similarities were detected. Both on Mars and in Ladakh the rocks were found igneous in nature. This could be a result of volcanic activity in these areas. Rocks contain abundance of sulphur and phosphorus. They are slightly acidic in nature. The physical features are also similar. Not only the rocks but also the soil is rich in iron. The rocks are regolith. This means they are heterogeneous; deposits of loose material cover the rocks. This is also similar to that of moon as well as several other asteroids

Water group explored methods to locate water in planets and worked on ways to purify water.The students researched the simple technique of water purification and built prototype of a water filter.

Life group were tasked with searching for bio-signatures in the soil, in the water, and in the atmosphere of Mars. They learned to identify simple and complex cellular organisms using a foldscope. After carrying out studies they concluded that the life can exist only in lava tubes in Mars. They constructed model of a habitat shelter for Mars surface. They followed the preparation of an astronaut for space mission.

Through these projects, all have gained a lot of information about space science.


"Computer application basis" is a compulsory cultural basic course for college students; however, there are many inadequacies in this course, including large gaps among students in terms of learning basis, lacking of interests on study, weak learning abilities and lacking of the basic conditions in school teaching, etc. Facing such condition, we should focus on how to reform the teaching of "computer application basis", which not only match the learning characteristics of contemporary college students, but also overcome the current situation of lacking school hardware so as to reach better learning effect. Thus, this is an important subject for computer teachers. Based on the author's teaching and learning experience, this paper analyzed the disadvantages existing in the teaching mode of "computer application basis", and then the teaching design process based on the concept of flipped classroom was put forward.


Thank you very much for downloading metropolitan microwave network design and implementation. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their favorite books like this metropolitan microwave network design and implementation, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they cope with some harmful virus inside their desktop computer.


[Objective]The bark basic density,percent of bark and the timber basic density of Acacia mangium and Acacia crassicarpa were studied in order to provide scientific basis for utilization of the wood.[Method] 5 cm thick disk was taken by chain saw in diameter at breast height place.Drainage method was used for determining timber basic density,bark basic density and percent of bark.[Result] The mean value of timber basic density of Acacia mangium is 407 kg/m3,and Acacia crassicarpa is 418 kg/m3;The mean value of bark basic density of Acacia mangium is 376 kg/m3,and Acacia crassicarpa is 456 kg/m3.The mean value of bark rate of Acacia mangium is 16.5%,and Acacia crassicarpa is 14.2%.[Conclusion]The timber basic density and the bark basic density of Acacia crassicarpa are higher than those in Acacia mangium.The cortices rate of Acacia mangium is higher than Acacia crassicarpa.


This study assessed the determinants of access to credit for agricultural production among farmers in Bassa Local Government Area, Plateau State Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 120 farmers from six out of the nine districts in the Local Government Area for the study. Primary data were collected through the use of questionnaires and interview schedule and were subjected to both descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings from the study revealed the mean age of farmers to be 38 years with 63.3% of them being male and 60% married. The study also showed that 48.3% of the respondents had secondary and tertiary education respectively with a mean of 11 years farming experience. The result also shows a mean annual income of N123375 among the respondents. 87.5% of the respondents were not aware of credit sources in their locality however 71.7% of those who accessed credit said the amount received was not sufficient for any meaningful investment in agriculture. The multiple regression result showed that coefficient of marital status (-0.581) was negative, educational level (-0.426) was also negative and significant at 5% level of probability while credit awareness (1.552) was positive significant at 1% level of probability. The finding also pointed out some of the major constraints to farmers' access to credit namely; high interest rate on loan, short repayment period with both having 21% each and lack of awareness (18%). The study recommends that Agricultural extension agents and other relevant agencies should intensify effort in educating farmers on the sources of credit facilities available to them. Interest rate charged on credit facilities should be reduced to motivate the farming communities to source for credit and finally complicated application procedures adopted by most financial institutions should be modified to enable more farmers to source for credit.


OBJECTIVE
Chronic wounds are a significant issue not only in wound care facilities, but also in daily practice for general practitioners and specialists across a wide variety of disciplines. These wounds are primarily foot or lower extremity ulcers and can result from a combination of factors including neuropathy, vascular insufficiency, and impaired wound healing. In addition to a significant health care cost, ulcerations have a devastating impact on virtually every aspect of the affected patient's daily life such as extensive pain, sleep impairment, restricted mobility, and work capacity. The objective of this single-center, retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a human cryopreserved umbilical cord (cUC) allograft as an advanced therapeutic treatment modality for chronic, nonhealing lower extremity wounds.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Following Institutional Review Board approval, data from all qualifying patients who had received cUC tissue treatment during a period of 16 months was collected retrospectively. A total of 57 patients presenting with 64 chronic wounds who received treatment with cUC and were treated by the same surgeon at a single wound care center were analyzed.

RESULTS
The average initial wound area was 6.85 cm2 ± 16.29 cm2. Overall, 51 of 64 wounds achieved complete healing, resulting in an overall wound-healing rate of 79.7%. For wounds that healed, the average wound-healing time was 5.53 ± 3.93 weeks, and an average of 3.43 ± 2.42 applications of cUC were used to achieve healing.

CONCLUSION
Overall, these results demonstrate cUC may be effective in promoting the healing of chronic, lower extremity ulcers. In addition, this study suggests cUC may be a useful advanced tissue treatment modality with the potential not only to improve patient quality of life, but also positively impact rising health care costs associated with long-term treatment of such ulcers. Further exploration, including prospective, randomized controlled trials, is warranted to better understand the effectiveness of cUC.


Studies in obese rats and human cell models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have indicated that knockdown of the hepatic glycerol channel aquaporin 9 (AQP9) leads to decreased hepatic steatosis. However, a study in leptin receptor-deficient mice did not find that knockout of AQP9 alleviated hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high-fat diet (HFD) on hepatic glycerol and triglyceride metabolism in male and female AQP9 knockout (KO) mice. Male and female AQP9 KO mice and wild type (WT) littermates were fed a HFD for 12 weeks. Weight, food intake and blood glucose were monitored throughout the study and tissue analysis included determination of hepatic triglyceride content and triglyceride secretion. The expression of key molecules for hepatic, glycerol and triglyceride metabolism was evaluated using qPCR and western blotting. AQP9 KO and WT mice demonstrated a similar weight gain throughout the study period, and we found no evidence for AQP9 deficiency being associated with a reduced hepatic accumulation of triglyceride or a reduced blood glucose level. Instead, we show that the effect of AQP9 deficiency on hepatic lipid metabolism is sex-specific, with only male AQP9 KO mice having a reduced hepatic secretion of triglycerides and an elevated expression of PPARα. Male AQP9 KO had an elevated blood glucose level after 12 weeks of HFD when compared to baseline levels. Thus, we found no evidence for AQP9 inhibition being a target for alleviating the development of hepatic steatosis in mice with diet-induced obesity. KEY POINTS: This study investigates the effect of AQP9 deficiency on hepatic triglyceride metabolism in both male and female mice fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. No evidence for AQP9 deficiency being associated with a reduced hepatic accumulation of triglyceride or a reduced blood glucose level was found. The effect of AQP9 deficiency on hepatic triglyceride metabolism is sex-specific. Male AQP9 KO mice had a reduced hepatic secretion of triglycerides and an elevated expression of PPARα that likely promotes an increased hepatic fatty acid oxidation. Male AQP9 KO had an elevated blood glucose level after 12 weeks of HFD when compared to baseline levels. Abstract figure legend Hepatic glycerol uptake is facilitated by the glycerol channel aquaporin 9 (AQP9) Schematic overview of the effect of 12 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) in female and male wildtype (WT) and AQP9 knockout (KO) mice. A sex-specific effect of AQP9 deficiency was observed, with only male AQP9 KO mice having a reduced hepatic secretion of triglyceride (TG) and an increased expression of PPARα. Both male and female AQP9 KO mice demonstrated an increased serum glycerol level. AQP9 deficiency had no significant effect on the development of hepatic steatosis as compared to WT mice. Glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P), fatty acids (FA), brown arrows indicate significant changes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


A new design method of Cosine-Modulated Filter Banks(CMFB) is proposed,which takes the prototype filter's stopband attenuation as a target function to design the prototype low-pass filter which can satisfy most nearly perfect reconstruction condition using improved PSO-QPSO.Then,the analysis and synthesis filter banks by cosine-modulation are got.The simulation results demonstrate that CMFB designed by the proposed method has good stop-band attenuation characteristics and perfect reconstruction property,and the method is simpler and more effective than conventional method under satisfying the same performances.


We have witnessed rapidly increasing interest in multimedia authoring due to the easy access to various devices such as tablets and mobile phones to view and create multimedia data. While many authoring tools are historically designed for advanced users, we started to see more introductory tools that allow novice users to perform authoring tasks by providing simplified interfaces and using template-based approaches to bypass complex steps of the authoring tasks. Our design approach presented here differs from these tools in that it complements authoring tasks by supporting some strategies used in problem-solving and providing the contextual information of the task. The discussion of possible implementation is given based on this approach. The initial evaluation suggests that our approach potentially provides benefits that are not usually present in standard multimedia authoring tools.


Objective To study the therapeutic efficacy of recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rb-bFGF) on minor recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU).Methods One hundred and twenty patients with minor RAU were divided into two groups randomly.The treatment group including 60 patients were treated with rb-bFGF spray,which was sprayed locally on the ulcer surface; the control group including 60 patients were treated with chlohexidine solution with the consistency of 0.2%.Results The effective ratio of the treatment group was 93.3%,while that of the control group was 61.6%,there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05).Conclusions rb-bFGF could treat minor RAU effectively.

Key words:
Recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor;  Recurrent aphthous ulcer;  Curative effect


We represent one of various ways of establishing a concept of the virtual organization. The Internet connect the managers and entrepreneurs and gives them adviser support. This concept is a result of the theoretical point of a new informational economy, knowledge management and qualitative research. On the basis of interviews with the managers, members of business associations, analysis and active observation of two business associations plans and goals have been set. The network objective is to enable better information flow between the (board) members and beyond. The final result is to increase the synergy of all parties involved.


Fuzzy automation control system of humidity in kiln is designed and realized.The characteristic of kiln is given.The hardware structure,working principle and fuzzy control arithmetic are considered.The reliability of PLC and validity of fuzzy control is combined.The practice results show that the control system possesses low overshoot and short adjustment time.The effect of humidity control is advanced.The production waster rate is reduced and production quality is improved.


The preparation condition on super absorption reagent with starch acrylic acid was studied.The result obtained shows that the super absorption reagent was prepared at normal pressure ,50℃ and 1.5 hours with graft copolymerization .The effect of the super absorption reagent with starch acrylic acid on the stability and property of absorbing water of common toilet paper were investigated.


We show that the sub-Riemannian connection ∇, constructed in the first part of our study [2], is the one which enables us to express the Lagrange–d'Alembert equations for a nonholonomic mechanical system in a form that is similar to the Newton's equations from classical mechanics (cf. (2.21)). Also, we define the generalized Chaplygin systems and show that the Lagrange–d'Alembert equations for these systems depend only on some horizontal variables. Two examples are given to illustrate our theory in comparison with other studies.


Deborah A. Martinsen, ed. Literary Journals in Imperial Russia. Studies of the Harriman Institute. Cambridge Studies in Russian Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. xiv, 265 pp. Titles of Journals and Almanacs. Select Bibliography. Index. $64.95, cloth. By outlining changes in the literary composition of Russian thick journals, Deborah Martinsen's carefully edited volume gives insight into the institutional and intellectual evolution of Russian literature and society. Pre-revolutionary thick journals, which included articles on politics, art, and society and original literature, have been studied individually, but until now Western scholars have not outlined their development. The book is divided into four parts, which, taken together, narrate the development of the thick journal from the eighteenth century to 1917. In Part I, devoted to the eighteenth century, Gary Marker judiciously compares Russia with Western Europe and argues that the Russian readership for periodicals was predominantly noble and far more narrow than that of Germany or England. This hindered the development of a profession of letters both institutionally and financially. In Part 2, covering the early nineteenth century, William Mills Todd III examines the first four decades of the nineteenth century and finds that the years from 1800 to 1825 were dominated by amateur, noble publications which gave way-not without tension and conflict-to more commercial and broadly-distributed publications from 1825 to 1840. Todd convincingly argues that this process increased the need for literary criticism. Chester M. Rzadkiewicz, in dealing with N.A. Polovoi's Moscow Telegraph and the journal wars of 1825-1834, portrays the contested shift from noble to commercial publications and reevaluates Polovoi's reputation. In discussing the "literary aristocracy" controversy, Rzadkiewicz presents Pushkin as a defender of noble elitism and Polovoi as an early proponent of journalism's importance for the development of the entire Russian public. Part 3, which deals with the mid-nineteenth century, shows the links between the rise of the public, the need for criticism, and commercial publications. In a concise overview of Russian journals from 1840 to 1880, Robert L. Belknap notes that commercial publications had become dominant by the late 1840s. He shows how the intellectual ferment of the 1850s gave way to the increasing polarization of the 1860s. One of the few journals to overcome the increasing polarization after the 1850s was the Messenger of Europe, which is the subject of Alexis Pogorelskin's archival ly-based and corrective analysis of its contributors and their importance. Victor Ten-as outlines Belinsky's extremely influential formulation of criticism and literature's crucial social roles. …


The traditional method for measuring spatial coherence is to use Young's double slit arrangement or some similar variant. Although quick and easy, this technique has some drawbacks, particularly in replacing and realigning successive sets of apertures. A new method is described using single-mode optical fibers to sample the beam, and a γ-coupler to combine the light from the two points. As one fiber end is translated along the fiber axis (perpendicular to the wavefront), fringes are observed at the output. This method has the added advantage of being able to compare any two arbitrarily chosen points on the wavefront, and symmetry does not have to be assumed. Spatial coherence functions for several different lasers have been measured and compared with results using the classical method. Visibility is measured as a function of aperture spacing and of bias current (for laser diodes). No fringes are observed for below lasing threshold operation of laser diodes or for a light emitting diode (LED).


Abstract We report on studies focused on the electron-beam (E-Beam) evaporation of gold (Au) that have enabled us to develop a fundamental understanding of the causes of spitting. We have found that the factors that affect spitting can be divided into two broad groups: 1) evaporation process parameters and 2) material quality. Process parameters that have an effect on the heat input or heat loss of the system have the most influence on spitting. If these parameters are not carefully regulated, an out of control process results with significant variation in spitting and the resulting measured particles. For a process that is in control, the quality of the Au plays a significant role in the degree of spitting. The level of purity, cleanliness, and the Au manufacturing methods were all shown to influence the amount of spitting.


We present spatial correlations of galaxies and IGM neutral hydrogen H i in the COSMOS/UltraVISTA 1.62 deg2 field. Our data consist of 13,415 photo-z galaxies at z ∼ 2–3 with and the Lyα forest absorption lines in the background quasar spectra selected from SDSS data with no signature of damped Lyα system contamination. We estimate a galaxy overdensity δgal in an impact parameter of 2.5 (proper) Mpc, and calculate the Lyα forest fluctuations whose negative values correspond to the strong Lyα forest absorption lines. We identify weak evidence of an anti-correlation between δgal and with a Spearman's rank correlation coefficient of −0.39 suggesting that the galaxy overdensities and the Lyα forest absorption lines positively correlate in space at the ∼90% confidence level. This positive correlation indicates that high-z galaxies exist around an excess of H i gas in the Lyα forest. We find four cosmic volumes, dubbed Aobs, Bobs, Cobs, and Dobs, that have extremely large (small) values of δgal ≃ 0.8 (−1) and , three of which, Bobs–Dobs, significantly depart from the δgal– correlation, and weaken the correlation signal. We perform cosmological hydrodynamical simulations and compare with our observational results. Our simulations reproduce the δgal– correlation, agreeing with the observational results. Moreover, our simulations have model counterparts of Aobs–Dobs, and suggest that the observations pinpoint, by chance, a galaxy overdensity like a proto-cluster, gas filaments lying on the quasar sightline, a large void, and orthogonal low-density filaments. Our simulations indicate that the significant departures of Bobs–Dobs are produced by the filamentary large-scale structures and the observation sightline effects.


Two open cavity in-fiber Fabry–Perot and Mach–Zehnder interferometers are fabricated and their liquid refractive index and temperature sensing characteristics are comparatively studied, respectively. In our experiments, for the Fabry–Perot interferometric sensor, its dip wavelength versus refractive index and temperature sensitivity is 50.001 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) for a refractive index range from 1.3351 to 1.3737 and 0.016 nm/deg, respectively. For the Mach–Zehnder with Fabry–Perot cavity sensor, its dip wavelength versus refractive index and temperature sensitivity is 587.089 nm/RIU at a 1.3331–1.3415 refractive index range, −647.755 nm/RIU at a 1.3415–1.3737 refractive index range, and 0.032 nm/deg, respectively.


The lithography world is in transition from I-line to DUV for 0.25 micrometer and below technologies. However, no matter what printing wavelength we are using, reticle inspection is still off-wavelength for the foreseeable future. Due to the extreme push for resolution, k1-factor of 0.4 or even below is being used in manufacturing today. At the same time, the requirements for Usable Depth-Of-Focus (UDOF) are further put under pressure due to the inverse effect that pushing NA has on UDOF. To achieve maximum flexibility, steppers today can accommodate software programmable variable NA and Sigma settings. Resolution enhancement techniques [RET] have been tested and subsequently implemented into manufacturing processes. Lithography at 248 nm or even 193 nm will not achieve the desired resolution and process latitude without using RET. OPC [optical proximity correction] has become a mainstay in 0.25 micrometer designs. With all of these advancements, we also face more and more problems, especially in the area of reticle defect detection and printability prediction. Conventional rules of 1/4 of linesize equals minimum defect specification are no longer applicable. Minimum linewidth variations, for instance, can have a detrimental impact on device performance. Defect printability for optical proximity corrected (OPC) reticles was found context dependent. Reticle qualification needs to have an additional dimension added: on-line defect printability prediction. The ability to characterize the impact of a defect on a given feature, especially in an OPC design, will become an essential tool for mask makers and fabs alike, to evaluate defects and defect repair impact on critical device performance of a particular reticle. In this study, a special reticle design was used to investigate defect size, location and permutation, to evaluate: (1) the defect capture in an advanced reticle inspection system, (2) the defect printability prediction using a sophisticated wafer image simulation software package, (3) the comparison of inspected [reticle and wafer] vs. predicted wafer image, including DR-SEM capability, (4) the true CD impact of a given defect on LW performance using advanced CD-SEM measurements, and (5) the defect capture sensitivity of repaired reticle defects vs. their printability. A test plan was developed to study reticle defect detection, repair, printability prediction and actual wafer print. With the help of MicroUnity, a test vehicle was developed, that would allow for simultaneous inspection of no- OPC, serif-OPC and scattering-bar-OPC in the same inspection path, which then would be incorporated into the reticle in two manners: once without any 'decoration,' then 'decorated' with many different types of pre-programmed defects. In order to be able to also inspect the reticle in die-to-die and do some repair testing on it, the fields were duplicated, and also written at different address units of 0.08 and 0.04 micrometer.


This essay addresses the implications of integrated information theory (IIT) for free will. IIT is a theory of what consciousness is and what it takes to have it. According to IIT, the presence of consciousness is accounted for by a maximum of cause-effect power in the brain. Moreover, the way specific experiences feel is accounted for by how that cause-effect power is structured. If IIT is right, we do have free will in the fundamental sense: we have true alternatives, we make true decisions, and we - not our neurons or atoms - are the true cause of our willed actions and bear true responsibility for them. IIT's argument for true free will hinges on the proper understanding of consciousness as true existence, as captured by its intrinsic powers ontology: what truly exists, in physical terms, are intrinsic entities, and only what truly exists can cause.


Abstract Bioeconomic models have been developed and applied to a range of fisheries around the world. However, an even greater number of fisheries are relatively data poor, and development of traditional bioeconomic models is not feasible. For small-scale fisheries, the cost of data collection and model development may exceed the additional value these models may generate. Fisheries biologists have grappled with similar issues and have developed a range of data-poor methods for estimating reference points related to fishing mortality based on life history characteristics and other indicators. In other cases, catch and effort data may be sufficient to estimate sustainable biomass levels. However, model-derived economic target reference points require robust biological models as well as appropriate economic information, both of which are often unavailable. In this paper, we extend the data-poor work to move from biological to economic target reference points for single-species fisheries. We show that the relationship between economic (maximum economic yield) and biological (maximum sustainable yield) reference points depends primarily on the cost : revenue ratio, and that, where unavailable, these can be inferred from fisheries characteristics. We show that good estimates of biomass- and effort-based economic target reference points can be achieved with limited data.


Introduction. Pressure-operated thick-walled hull structures are the most common type of high-duty welded structures. When these structures are loaded with internal pressure, a complex biaxial stress field arises in them, which is summed up with the fields of residual welding stresses. Therefore, when selecting a technology for manufacturing critical welded structures, the results obtained during conventional uniaxial tests of samples are insufficient. The variety of factors affecting the performance of structures, and the difficulties of separate assessment of their influence, caused the need to maximize the approximation of experimental conditions to the real working conditions of the structure.Materials and Methods. Testing of full-scale structures has a number of advantages, but they are extremely expensive, and, as a rule, only one, the weakest link, is identified, the bearing capacity of the other structural elements remains unclear. For testing, UDI radiometric installations designed for different sample sizes were used. The presented installations allow testing samples of various shapes, types of welded joints (butt, T-bar), changing the position of welded parts.Results. Without rejecting the results obtained during the testing of full-scale structures in the works of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University, DSTU, NRC «Kurchatov Institute» – CRISM «Prometey», and the authors proposed to conduct the basic scope of the research on individual structural elements that would reflect the characteristic features of loading, manufacturing technology, and operating conditions. The design of the «fitting-sheet» connections was applied, which made it possible to increase the indicators of the failure initiation and propagation to the level of the base metal.Discussion and Conclusions. Schemes of structures for obtaining a biaxial tension or bending field in samples were presented. Samples tested according to the proposed schemes allowed us to draw conclusions about the performance of welded joints under conditions close to the actual operation of the structures under study. The proposed test scheme is used by research laboratories in our country and around the world.


In competitive search settings as the Web, there is an ongoing ranking competition between document authors (publishers) for certain queries. The goal is to have documents highly ranked, and the means is document manipulation applied in response to rankings. Existing retrieval models, and their theoretical underpinnings (e.g., the probability ranking principle), do not account for post-ranking corpus dynamics driven by this strategic behavior of publishers. However, the dynamics has major effect on retrieval effectiveness since it affects content availability in the corpus. Furthermore, while manipulation strategies observed over the Web were reported in past literature, they were not analyzed as ongoing, and changing, post-ranking response strategies, nor were they connected to the foundations of classical ad hoc retrieval models (e.g., content-based document-query surface level similarities and document relevance priors). We present a novel theoretical and empirical analysis of the strategic behavior of publishers using these foundations. Empirical analysis of controlled ranking competitions that we organized reveals a key strategy of publishers: making their documents (gradually) become similar to documents ranked the highest in previous rankings. Our theoretical analysis of the ranking competition as a repeated game, and its minmax regret equilibrium, yields a result that supports the merits of this publishing strategy. We further show that it can be predicted with high accuracy, and without explicit knowledge of the ranking function, whether documents will be promoted to the highest rank in our competitions. The prediction utilizes very few features which quantify changes of documents, specifically with respect to those previously ranked the highest.


In this paper, the author introduced a new software on building fast inquiry information of the roads in a city. Some problems met in work were come up and were given a solution.


In a recent paper' on the orientations of the taula sanctuaries of southern Menorca, I argued that, with the exception of Torralba, these taulas faced the stars of Centaurus (including the Southern Cross), which were then visible low in the southern sky; and I speculated that a statue of Imhotep was placed in one of these Centaurus-facing taula precincts because the Centaur (Chiron) was the teacher of Asclepius, the Greek counterpart of Imhotep. Torralba, however, faced in the direction of the rising of Sirius, and I suggested that the peculiar age-distribution noticed by excavators in the animals sacrificed at Torralba might be due to the sacrifices taking place in summertime, at the heliacal rising of Sirius. A weakness of this scheme was the lack of any known association between Sirius and Chiron. Such a link is now supplied through the kindness of Mr Roger Ceragioli of Harvard University. He points out that in his geography/ travel guide, Heraclides Criticus (3rd century B.C.) gives details of the ritual that took place on Mount Pelion, where Chiron had lived (and where there was also a shrine to Zeus Actaeus). This ritual, according to Heraclides, took place "at the [heliacal] rising of Sirius during the peak season of heat",2 and it may have been a sacrifice to Chiron. It is also of interest to note that the constellation Centaurus is very ancient, going back at least to the famous Babylonian astronomical compendium MUL.APIN written around the beginning of the first millennium B.C.3 In the second paper, Hoskin, Hochsieder and Knosel discussed the handful of northern taulas, remarking of Algairens, "If this is a taula, the precinct (except for an entrance stone) is no longer visible", but concluding that it would in any case be a normal site.' In fact, in a photograph taken some many years ago,' substantial remains of the front wall of the precinct are to be seen, and there is little doubt that Algairens is indeed a true taula.


The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the role of some peculiar elements of Aristotle's dialectical development —namely, those emerging in the Sophistical Refutations ( SE )— in the analysis and discussion of the Eleatic thesis in Physics I, 2-3. The paper adresses some of Aristotle's preliminary thoughts ( Phys . I, 2) (which are read as methodological considerations), and some remarks against Melissus' argument ( Phys . I, 3), in order to find connections between such claims and passages of  SE , as well as the Topics .