We present a visible-infrared sum-frequency spectroscopic technique that is capable of simultaneously determining the magnitude and phase of the sample response from a single set of experimental conditions. This is especially valuable in cases where the phase stability is high, as in collinear beam geometries, as it enables multiple experiments to be performed without re-measuring the local oscillator phase or the reference phase. After illustrating the phase stability achievable with such a geometry, we provide a technique for quantitatively determining the magnitude and phase from a single set of two-dimensional spectral-temporal interference fringes. A complete demonstration is provided for the C-H stretching frequency region at the surface of an octadecyltricholosilane film.


Taking the soft foundation construction of Dexing-Nanchang Highway in Poyang Lake area of Jiangxi Province as the engineering background,the design parameters of CFG pile composite foundation are studied and specified.Then the design is carried out according to the theory of post-construction settlement control and the soft foundation is traced and monitored during embankment loading and post-construction settling.The results show that the theoretical values calculated are very close to the actual data monitored and the reinforcement effect is outstanding,proving the design calculation of CFG composite foundation suitable for the soft foundation treatment for Dexing-Nanchang Highway,meeting the engineering requirement and offering reference to soft foundation reinforcement in soft soil area surrounding Poyang Lake.


i\ petrified palm stem from \lohgaon Kalan (Madhya Pradesh, India) IS descrIbed III detail. TIH~ stem differs frcnn all petrIfied palms kn01\"n !rom India in manv respects including the. distribution and form of ·the vascular bundles and their f/v ratio. The stem is refeuect to a nel\" species of Palm.oxylon·P. partha:;amthyi and is placed in the Reui/ormia section of Cocos-like pa.lrns.


The respondents comprised 675 trainee teachers at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). All the respondents were final year students in teacher education program. Their confidences were assessed using 12 statements on their ability to integrate information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching. The study showed that trainee teachers were quite confident to integrate ICT with teaching. The study also showed a significant difference in the level of confidence between students with teaching experience and students without teaching experience. Older students were more confident to integrate ICT in teaching than younger students No significant correlation was detected between academic performance and the level of confidence to integrate ICT in teaching.


The college associations are the fresh troops for the college culture activities.They play an important role in promoting the quality education and cultivating the "Four havings" people.So it is a great task for the present colleges and universities to pay attention to the new changes,strengthen the construction and make full use of the functions of cultivating people in the college associations.


High profile cases of exploitative labor practices have increased concerns over agricultural working conditions. However, it is unclear whether and to what extent the public is willing to trade-off fair working conditions for higher prices and food imports. We implement a large-scale survey to uncover Greek consumer preferences for a food labeling system that certifies fair working conditions for the workers employed at all production stages of agricultural production. Empirical findings from several disciplines suggest that results from contingent valuation surveys can be susceptible to hypothetical bias, social desirability bias, and lack of consequentiality. To test these issues, we use the 'cheap talk' method (Kling et al., 2012), Lusk and Norwood's (2009b) Inferred Valuation (IV) method and the consequentiality scripts employed in Vossler and Evans (2009) and Vossler and Watson (2013). We also test predictions of reference dependent theory by testing whether framing the valuation question as an 'Equivalent Loss' (EL) differs from classical 'Willingness-to-pay elicitation' (WTP). We collected responses from more than 3,800 consumers in the cities ∗Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Economics & Rural Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Greece, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. †PhD candidate, Department of Agricultural Economics & Rural Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece, e-mail: email@example.com. ‡Regents Professor and Willard Sparks Endowed Chair, Department of Agricultural Economics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. §Professor and Tyson Endowed Chair, Department of Agricultural Economics & Agribusiness, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA, and Adjunct Professor, Norwegian Agricultural Economics Research Institute and Korea University, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com.


The article analyses the consequences of the violation of judicial independence in the cooperation in criminal matters. The right to an independent court is not only a fundamental value in the rule of law (Article 2 TEU, Article 19(1)), but also one of the fundamental rights (Article 47 CFR). Jeopardising the independence of the judiciary in one of the EU countries should have an impact on the possibility of cooperation in criminal matters. Leaving the standard of independence of the judiciary resulting from the ECHR jurisprudence, the article summarises the current jurisprudence of the CJEU concerning the independence of the judiciary and the impartiality of judges at two levels: general (or systemic), and in connection with the operation of the EAW. The article analyses present situation in Poland and recent judgments of the CJEU in "Polish cases" – about the problem of executing the EAW and evaluating the independence of the judiciary system in Poland.


In consideration of the increasing demands for refined simulation and high-performance computing(HPC) in water science,an introduction was given to the hardware and software for HPC and their applications in water science,with emphasis placed on the progresses in parallel finite element method and the parallel boundary element method as well as the latest development of grid computing.It is pointed out that grid computing is the new trend of HPC development,and it should be adopted to promote the further development of water science.


Under certain circumstances injected inosine causes a net vasoconstrictive effect on the arterioles, which has been attributed to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) released in response to adenosine type 3 (A3) receptor stimulation of mast cells residing in the adventitia. We have sought further evidence for this hypothesis using blood vessels of the rat hind limb perfused in vitro at constant rate with a gelatin-containing physiological salt solution. Injection of inosine (2.7 mg) caused a rise in perfusion pressure, which was only slightly increased by inclusion of N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (100 μM) in the perfusate. Inclusion in the perfusate of cyproheptadine (1 μM), compound 48 80 (1 μg ml), 8-phenyltheophylline (1 μM) or 8-cyclopentyl-1,3 dipropylxanthine (0.1 μM) greatly reduced the pressor response to inosine. The pressor effect of injected 5HT (400 μg) was abolished by pre-treatment with cyproheptadine, but not by pre-treatment with compound 48 80. These results suggest that the net pressor response to injected inosine was mainly the result of an A1 receptor-mediated release of 5HT, most probably from mast cells. No evidence was found for an involvement of A3 receptor stimulation.


For a given factor map $\pi:X\longrightarrow Y$ between two topological dynamical systems and a Borel cover ${\mathcal U}$, two notions of measure-theoretical conditional entropy $h_\mu^+(T,{\mathcal U}\mid Y)$ and $h_\mu^-(T,{\mathcal U}\mid Y)$ for an invariant Borel probability measure $\mu$ are introduced. It is shown that $h_\mu^+(T,{\mathcal U}\mid Y)=h_\mu^-(T,{\mathcal U}\mid Y)$. Moreover, $\max_{\mu}h_\mu^+(T,{\mathcal U}\mid Y)=h_{{\rm top}}(T,{\mathcal U}\mid Y)$ when $\mathcal U$ is an open cover. The relative variational principle is a consequence of the results.


We discuss strict monotonicity,local uniform monotonicity and uniform monotonicity of vector-valued Banach sequence spaces equipped with sequential norms and give their sufficient and necessary conditions.The main results are follows:① ss(E) is strictly monotone if and only if ss and E are strictly monotne;② ss(E) is locally uniformly monotone if and only if ss and E are locally uniformly monotne;③ ss(E) is uniformly monotone if and only if ss and E are uniformly monotne.


Congressional discourse on Puerto Rican self-determination is a memorial narrative that, although on its face an attempt at decolonization, constitutes Puerto Ricans as incomplete colonial subjects, reinscribes and normalizes the U.S.-Puerto Rico relationship along the axis of a flexible colonialism, and reveals the way in which Puerto Rico, as colony, is remembered in the "post/colony" envisioned by the United States.


Several depolarizers are introduced,and the depolarization mechanism of polychromatic light is represented in detailed.By using Stockes vector and Mueller matrix,the depolarization effect of polychromatic light through wave plate and revolver combination is analyzed,and the specific form of Stockes vector is gained.Some things of depolarization are discussed.


Diabetes is a chronic disease that is triggered when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body can´tnot use it effectively, leading to serious complications and increasing the risk of death. According to the latest WHO report, there is a marked increase in the global burden of diabetes, from 180 million people with diabetes in 1980 to 422 million in 2014, which is why it recommends improved surveillance, prevention and control of diabetes and its complications. According to the methodology, a systematic search was conducted in Medline. The keywords used were: "Diabetic neuropathy", "diabetic nephropathy", "diabetes mellitus", "cardiovascular disease" and "diabetic foot" In the initial search, 218 original and review articles published in the last fi ve years were selected, of which 83 met the established criteria, their analysis allowed the development of an article of easy understanding focused on the pathophysiology and clinical diagnosis of the aforementioned complications that responds to the global problem in which the demand of diabetic patients surpasses the offer of specialists and In which the primary care physician plays a fundamental role in the management of these patients


Consistent
with the Social Behaviorist' theories of G.H. Mead and C.H. Cooley are Einstein's Scientific Quantum Entanglement (QE) and Nagarajuna's (Eastern Philosopher) concepts of
Sunyata which emphasized the importance of society's affirmation of nature. This effort will suggest that the
Social Behaviorist mentioned above (Mead & Cooley) were profoundly influenced by the concepts of
Nagarajuna and Einstein in creating the "Looking Glass Self" and the "Social Self" both theories are both based in the need for society to observe, recognize, and understand the natural
and socialphenomenon (Sunyata).


Future fusion reactors will require high divertor and core radiation by impurity seeding to limit divertor heat loads. In addition, high core densities are required to maximize the fusion power. A well established technique to reduce heat loads on divertor target plates is to insert low and medium Z impurities in the plasma to convert the heat flux into radiation [1]. Radiative cooling by nitrogen have been extensively investigated at ASDEX Upgrade (AUG). Thereby, a confinement increase due to the presence of N has been discovered [2] [3]. The analysis of the transport properties and the radiative power of H-modes under such conditions is presented. Results from the transport analyses taking into account the spatial radiation distribution are reported in [4]. To provide a reliable radiation profile for transport calculations, a non-coronal radiation model using atomic data and experimental profiles was developed and compared to bolometric measurements. A detailed description of the theoretical background and model development can be found in reference [4] as well. The model takes into account that the edge region of H-mode plasmas is modulated by edge-localized modes (ELMs) which lead to a loss of energy and particles from the confined plasma. In the present contribution the modeling results of the evolution of impurities and radiation at the plasma edge, including ELMs, are presented.


− The paper presents a new method of anticorrosion coatings diagnostics using bilinear transformation. It is possible to identify the parameters of the equivalent circuit of the coating on the basis of object impedance measurement at a few, optimally selected measurement frequencies. The rules of optimal frequency selection are given. The number of frequencies is equal to the number of the equivalent circuit components. The developed identification algorithm enables continuous monitoring of the coating performance. The main advantage of the method is a few (more than 10) times shorter identification process compared to traditional identification technique based on impedance spectroscopy followed by impedance spectrum fitting using computer programs (e.g. LEVM or EQUIVCRT), which are utilising complex non-linear least squares (CNLS) method.


In the development of sheet-handling machinery, it is important to be able to predict the behavior of the sheets with a high degree of reliability. For automated teller machines and letter sorting machines, in particular, a dynamic analysis of the deformation of each sheet is needed to predict the behavior of the sheets because the sheets are fed and stacked at such a high speed. This paper presents one method of predicting the dynamic behavior of sheets. First, a formula for the dynamic analysis is introduced using a spring-mass-beam model. Then, the calculated results of the sheet deformation due to stacking are presented. These results indicate that the proposed method can predict the dynamic deformation of a sheet.


e22505Background: Pediatric, adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with a diagnosis of osteosarcoma require surgical resection for local control in addition to adjuvant chemotherapy. Limb salva...


Hayabusa2 at the asteroid Ryugu Asteroids fall to Earth in the form of meteorites, but these provide little information about their origins. The Japanese mission Hayabusa2 is designed to collect samples directly from the surface of an asteroid and return them to Earth for laboratory analysis. Three papers in this issue describe the Hayabusa2 team's study of the near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu, at which the spacecraft arrived in June 2018 (see the Perspective by Wurm). Watanabe et al. measured the asteroid's mass, shape, and density, showing that it is a "rubble pile" of loose rocks, formed into a spinning-top shape during a prior period of rapid spin. They also identified suitable landing sites for sample collection. Kitazato et al. used near-infrared spectroscopy to find ubiquitous hydrated minerals on the surface and compared Ryugu with known types of carbonaceous meteorite. Sugita et al. describe Ryugu's geological features and surface colors and combined results from all three papers to constrain the asteroid's formation process. Ryugu probably formed by reaccumulation of rubble ejected by impact from a larger asteroid. These results provide necessary context to understand the samples collected by Hayabusa2, which are expected to arrive on Earth in December 2020. Science, this issue p. 268, p. 272, p. 252; see also p. 230 Near-Earth asteroid Ryugu's surface is dark and partially hydrated, similar to heat-processed carbonaceous meteorites. The near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu, the target of the Hayabusa2 sample-return mission, is thought to be a primitive carbonaceous object. We report reflectance spectra of Ryugu's surface acquired with the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on Hayabusa2, to provide direct measurements of the surface composition and geological context for the returned samples. A weak, narrow absorption feature centered at 2.72 micrometers was detected across the entire observed surface, indicating that hydroxyl (OH)–bearing minerals are ubiquitous there. The intensity of the OH feature and low albedo are similar to thermally and/or shock-metamorphosed carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. There are few variations in the OH-band position, which is consistent with Ryugu being a compositionally homogeneous rubble-pile object generated from impact fragments of an undifferentiated aqueously altered parent body.


The relative importance of prognostic factors in patients with early‐stage Hodgkin disease remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate prognostic factors among patients who received chemotherapy before radiotherapy.


A full-scale demonstration test was conducted to reduce arsenic concentration in surplus slurry generated by slurry shield construction process in mudstone layer, where iron powder having arsenic adsorption ability was mixed with the slurry and the iron powder was collected by a magnetic separator. As a result of intermittently treating about 1,200 m 3 of arsenic contaminated slurry, almost full recovery of the iron powder flowed into the magnet separator was confirmed through the test period by using a magnet separator that can handle large volumes of slurry despite its small size. The arsenic concentration in the liquid phase decreased from 0.071 mg/L on average to 0.007 mg/L by adjusting the pH of arsenic contaminated slurry to 8.7 or less and treating in an iron powder mixing tank with a hydraulic residence time of 27 minutes. The iron powder was reactivated using a 1.0 M of ascorbic acid after 200 times of slurry treatment, and the arsenic adsorption rate was recovered to about three times. As a result, reactivating technique enables further repetitive use of iron powder as arsenic adsorbent.


Resumen en: This article aims to explain the complexity of the relationship between Diola (or Joola) chiefs and the French colonial administration. After presenting ...


Background Emerging clinical data indicate that selective blockade of interleukin 23 (IL-23) can achieve greater efficacy compared to dual blockade of IL-12/23 in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis (PsO).1 Ustekinumab (UST) targets the p40 subunit common to IL-12 and IL-23, whereas guselkumab (GUS) specifically targets the IL-23-specific p19 subunit. While differences in antibody potency may explain therapeutic differences between UST and GUS, we explored cellular and molecular changes in the skin of PsO patients treated with UST or GUS to understand the mechanism underlying selective IL-23p19 inhibition. Methods UST data were derived from the ACCEPT study (NCT00454584, n=85), in which PsO patients received either 45 mg or 90 mg of UST at weeks (wks) 0 and 4, and GUS data were from the first-in-human study (NCT00925574, n=24) that tested single subcutaneous doses of GUS. Skin biopsies were collected at baseline (BL), and wks 1 and 12 post-treatment from each study to evaluate 1) histologic improvement via epithelial thickness, T cells (CD3), and myeloid DCs (CD11c) counts and 2) molecular response to drug via microarray. Biopsies from healthy subjects served as controls. GUS 100 mg and 300 mg groups were combined to increase analytic power. The IC50 of each drug was evaluated by cell-based bioassays. Results The two cohorts are comparable in BL demographics, disease characteristics, skin histopathology, PsO lesional molecular expression profiles, and significantly enriched canonical pathways. Blockade of IL-23 with GUS resulted in a significantly greater reduction in CD3 and CD11c counts in the skin at wk12 relative to BL when compared to UST blockade (>90% vs~70%). In pts who achieved >50% improvement in PASI score, GUS (n=9) showed a larger impact on the PsO transcriptomic profile than UST 90 mg (n=12) by wk1 and greater enhancement was achieved by wk12. GUS neutralised 74% of the PsO disease profile by >80%, while UST resolved only 21% at wk12. Expression of PsO disease markers such as defensin Beta 4A and lipocalin 2 were fully resolved by GUS beyond the level observed in non-lesional skin of PsO pts, while UST only resolved these markers by 32% and 63%, respectively. In vitro, GUS showed higher potency (2–14 fold) than UST in inhibiting IL-23 activity, which may contribute to stronger neutralisation of PsO disease markers by GUS. Conclusions In conclusion, this comparative study demonstrates that GUS inhibits psoriasis-associated pathology and resolves the skin transcriptomic PsO disease profile more strongly than UST. Reference [1] Langley RG, Tsai TF, Flavin S, Song M, Randazzo B, Wasfi Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of guselkumab in patients with psoriasis who have an inadequate response to ustekinumab: Results of the randomized, double-blind, Phase 3 NAVIGATE trial. Br J Dermatol2017Jun 21. doi:10.1111/bjd.15750 Disclosure of Interest K. Li Shareholder of: Johnson and Johnson, LLC, Employee of: Janssen Research and Development, LLC, K. Campbell Shareholder of: Johnson and Johnson, LLC, Employee of: Janssen Research and Development, LLC, S. Garcet Grant/research support from: Janssen Research and Development, LLC, C. Brodmerkel Shareholder of: Johnson and Johnson, LLC, Employee of: Janssen Research and Development, LLC, J. Krueger Grant/research support from: Janssen Research and Development, LLC


Eight footbridges were erected in the Rembrandt Park in Amsterdam, the Netherlands in 2001. The decks are in weathering steel and the parapets in structural glass and stainless steel. The project involved the design of eight bike and pedestrian bridges to replace their worn-out wooden predecessors. Elegant and light, these are a modern interpretation of the typical nineteenth century park bridge. A CorTen steel bridge deck is embraced by balustrades made from steel and strengthened glass. The balustrades are made from curved and laminated glass panels, which hang from the bridge by stainless steel supports. The stainless steel handrails frame the glass panels above the deck, whilst underneath the bridge the glass hangs free, allowing the free-flow of rainwater.


The following is the correction for printing errors that occurred in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Vol. 1, No. 1. In the Dialogue Section the paper "A Process-Based View of Memory" has the name of an author spelt "Neuman" when it should be "Neumann." On page 113, in the left column 3 lines from the bottom of the page, there is an in-text reference printed as Tajika & Neuman (1992). Next, on page 114, near the bottom of the right column is that entry in the reference section printed as Tajika & Neuman (1989). The date for this reference should be (1992), so that this reference entry should have stated: Tajika, H. & Neumann, E. (1992). Effects of memory test instructions on dissociations between explicit and implicit measures of retention. Psychologia—An International Journal of Psychology in the Orient, 35, 76–83.


Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) continues to threaten people's lives due to the limited therapeutic strategies. As a new drug, Valerenic Acid suppresses the progression of GBM, however, the mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we found that Valerenic Acid can inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion of GBM cells by increasing innate immune signals such as enhancing ROS levels and activating the AMPK pathway. Inhibition of ROS by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or attenuation of AMPK by Compound C could block Valerenic Acid-induced cell death. Additionally, the xenograft mouse model also confirmed that Valerenic Acid had anti-tumor effect. Together, our results provide compelling rational to develop Valerenic Acid as an anti-tumor agent against GBM patients.


The goal of this paper is to study the inertia identification methods of the rotor,which has significant effects on the dynamic property of permanent magnetic AC servo system.Based on the research of several conventional inertia identification methods,two novel methods are proposed.The improved acceleration deceleration method can identify the inertia under the rotor microseism condition and the novel bisection method can identify the load and the inertia at the same time.The two new methods expand applicability of conventional methods,which are verified by experiment results.


In the past few years internet addiction (IA) and internet gaming disorder (IGD) have become very frequent, leading to many personality and psychiatric disorders including low self-esteem, impulsivity, poor sleep quality, mood disorder, and suicide. IA has been included in Appendix III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as IGD. In addition, IA leads to many neuroanatomical and neurochemical alterations including cortical thinning of various components of the brain and altered dopaminergic reward circuitry. Due to widespread neuropsychiatric and neurobiological implications of IA, multiple therapeutic approaches are needed. Integrative therapy in the form of yoga and mindfulness has proven to be effective in many addiction disorders including IA.


The paper addresses the fundamental dilemma facing the European Union, deepening or widening, by analyzing various aspects concerning the shape of European integration after the Intergovernmental Conference 1996 and relations with Central and East European countries leading to full membership of the Associated States in the European Union. Central and East European countries on many occasions have declared that their final goal is to join the EU, the goal which is approved by the EU itself. On the other hand, the EU is going through a process of internal reforms to prepare its internal structure in order to welcome new member states.


A series new sufficient conditions of every solution x(t) converges to zero are established for the following differential model with piecewise constant arguments:Ax·G6(t)=-a(t)x(t)-p(t)1- e -∑ni=0r ix(〔t-i〕) ,t≥0,where a(t),p(t)∈C(〔0,+∞),(0,+∞)),r i∈〔0,+∞). Applying the above conclusions to erythrocyte growth model:AN·U6(t)=r(t)-N(t)+p e -∑ni=0r iN(〔t-i〕) [JB3)],t≥0,a new sufficient condition that ensures every positive solution N(t) converging to positive equilibium N * improves previous conclusions.


Even though assassins are a branch of Shiism, it is mainly known with Hasan Sabbah. Sabbah was bom in the Saljuqid state and was raised as a devout Shia. He went to Egypt to meet with Caliph Mustansir and got novel information from him. Then, he returned to the Saljuqid lands and initiated a new movement The main objective of this movement was to improve Shiism and to demonstrate that the Saljuqid state and the Sunni Caliph, resided in Baghdad, as illegitimate. Assassins interpreted Islamic principles according to their own purposes and explained these principles with heterodox explanations. In order to reach their targets, they utilized violence and terror as instruments and killed any individual that did not share their beliefs from different segment of society. Chaos and terror that were initiated by them caused many problems and suffering in the Islamic world


A twin-socket electrical connector has a lid 6 that closes onto a body-part 2 to define a watertight enclosure for socket(s) 4 and plug(s) 22. A Cable 23 exits the enclosure through port 15 which otherwise seals watertightly by flat face-to-face abutment together of resilient strips 19,20 carried by the lid 6 and body-part 2. Sealing integrity is maintained when there is a cable 23 by elements 24,25 which abut the strips 19,20, and which have conical grooves 26 of semi-circular cross-section. When the lid 6 is closed on the cable 23 the hollow elements 24,25 are squeezed around cable 23, and also onto one another and the strip elements 19,20. A lever 8 can move between an 'on' and 'off' position.


Beauty for most part eventually seen as the science of form, more than that is of the essential part of human living and the way we look at it by the time become more discern as it invites the philosophical vibration. It becomes a consiousness through the questions about the creation of the cosmos and meditation upon the Almighty. Whether aware or not, human need beauty through out their living, at the same time is a spiritual journey. Beauty in Traditional Islam is also able to ascending human, create the the awareness of plurality, and at the last it aso to born out the sense of the Sacred manifested thorugh the form of art, culture, calligraphy, and the whole cosmos. At last, beauty has its role in spiritual journey through self emptiness, from the false self to the true self.


Uniform TiSi2 nanocables were synthesized on large substrates using a simple physical vapor deposition method. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electronic microscopy were employed to characterize the samples. It reveals that the as-grown TiSi2 nanocables are of high quality single crystal inside with thin amorphous SiO2 sheathing layer. Electrical properties of these core-shell structure nanowires are also presented. Insulativity of the outer layer and stable metallic characters of the inside single crystal TiSi2 were observed. Moreover, carrying capacity of current density is up to 1011A∕m2. The nanoscale structure and excellent electrical performance make the TiSi2 nanocables good candidate for electrical interconnection in potential nanodevices.


In his article, "Intimacy and Ethical Action in Adult Education," Donovan Plumb (2009) suggests a pathway for adult educators to achieve the type of world that Gunter (1996) envisions. Plumb argues that the personal qualities that enable us to have fulfilling (sexually) intimate relationships are also those that enable ethical action on the part of adult educators. On the one hand, his choice of strategy (sexual intimacy) for creating a more honoring, accepting, equitable, and loving learning experience is intriguing because it shocks readers (presumably mostly other adult educators, such as myself) out of our comfort zones of what is considered "acceptable" to discuss as educators of adults and as members of organizations. Yet, on the other hand, Plumb (implicitly) reinforces some of the very social constructions he seeks to throw off. In this response, I will explore these two aspects of Plumb's work and suggest an alternative framing of intimacy and ethical action for adult educators.


Digital signal processor has found its role in various fields of science and technology. With the appearance of problems related to the processing of large quantities of data in real time, it was necessary to develop a system that will execute procedures very fast and with less cost. The most common application in real time is digitization and mathematical processing of audio, video, temperature, voltage etc., resolved using parallel operations. Various producers of digital signal processors have developed processors and evaluation models that enable developers to quickly and efficiently create unique applications in communications and visual systems, biomedicine, meteorology etc. In this article, basic performances and architecture of the modern digital signal processor are described in detail with emphasis on the most common applications. A practical example of the use of the digital signal processor for numerical integration is presented. A comparison with commonly used processors is performed to confirm its efficiency.


In recent years, as offshore resources, not only fishery resources, including oil, natural gas, rare metals, and other minerals attract increasing attention, national surveys have been underway in the vast seas that surround Japan. IHI applied own robot technologies to take another step forward in achieving autonomous unmanned maritime systems for conducting detailed surveys at a water depth of 1 000 m or more.


Flexible steel process for preparing ring (32), a method in particular for producing a drive belt (3) for the ring set (31) by a plurality of said flexible steel ring superposed one another (32), the method comprising is the ring (32), comprising the processing steps of applying a nitride surface layer by heat treatment (IX). In this specification, the thickness of the nitrided surface layer of said ring (32), by controlling the duration of the nitriding heat treatment, is actively controlled.


Classical probability theory has been widely used in reliability analysis; however, it is hard to handle when the system is lack of` adequate and sufficient data. Nowadays, alternative approaches such as possibility theory and fuzzy set theory have also been proposed to analyze vagueness and epistemic uncertainty regarding reliability aspects of complex and large systems. The model presented in this paper is based upon possibility theory and multistate assumption. Convex sublattice is addressed on congruence relation regarding the complete lattice of structure functions. The relations between the equivalence classes on the congruence relation and the set of all structure functions are established. Furthermore, important reliability bounds can be derived under the notion of convex sublattice. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the results.


The utility model discloses a traveling crane type pump suction dredger for treating unsteady wastewater. The traveling crane type pump suction dredger comprises a service bridge, a mud suction pipe, a mud discharge pipe, a clogging-free sewage pump, a driving mechanism, an electric control box, a rail and a slide block type cable, and is characterized by also comprising a coupler and a cleaning pipe, wherein the coupler is arranged on the lower part of the clogging-free sewage pump; the cleaning pipe is welded at one end opposite to an inlet of the mud suction pip and extends above the water surface. The traveling crane type pump suction dredger has the traditional characteristics of simple structure, safety, reliability and low operating cost and can be maintained without cleaning sludge water when the clogging-free sewage pump fails, and thus normal operation of the traveling crane type pump suction dredger is timely restored.


1 Problem Show that positive entropy is generated when two volumes of ideal gases with different initial temperatures are merged in two different ways: 1. The volumes are placed in thermal contact, but the gases remain in their original volumes. 2. The partition between the two volumes is removed and the gases mix. The two initial volumes V i each contain n i molecules of ideal gases of heat capacities C i k per molecule at initial temperatures T i , where k is Boltzmann's constants, and say, T 1 > T 2. The total energy in the system is U = n 1 C 1 kT 1 + n 2 C 2 kT 2. (1) Assuming that the system under consideration is thermally isolated from the rest of the Universe, this energy is conserved in both processes, and in both cases the final temperature T is related by n 1 C 1 T 1 + n 2 C 2 T 2 = (n 1 C 1 + n 2 C 2)T, (2) T = n 1 C 1 n 1 C 1 + n 2 C 2 T 1 + n 2 C 2 n 1 C 1 + n 2 C 2 T 2. (3) Both processes are irreversible, but since entropy is a state function, we can compute the change in entropy of each gas by imagining reversible processes that lead to the same final state (of that gas). The total entropy change is, of course, the sum of the entropy changes of the two gases. In this case we imagine that each gas changes its temperature at constant volume as the result of reversible heat flow to a sequence of external reservoirs with all intermediate temperatures. 1 The reversible entropy change of gas i can now be written as ΔS i = dQ i T = n i C i k dT T = n i C i k ln T T i , (4) 1 A complicated set of thermal switches is required to carry out this sequence of heat transfers. That is while the irreversible equilibration of the temperature occurs " naturally, " an extremely intricate scenario is required for the temperature changes to be a reversible.


We investigate optimal resource management in wireless systems, directly in the model-free setting. Starting with a generic resource allocation task formulated as a variational program with nonconvex stochastic constraints, we leverage classical results on Gaussian smoothing to formulate a finite dimensional, smoothed problem surrogate, effectively solvable in a model-free fashion, without the need of a baseline system model. Further assuming a near-universal policy parameterization, we present explicit upper and lower bounds on the gap between the optimal value of the original variational problem, and the dual optimal value of the smoothed surrogate. In fact, we show that this duality gap depends linearly on smoothing and near-universality parameters, and therefore, it can be made arbitrarily small at will. Our results effectively quantify the effects of both policy parameterization and smoothing on approximating both the value and optimal solution of the original variational program via surrogate dualization, and provide explicit near-optimality guarantees in the model-free regime. We also provide empirical illustration via indicative numerical simulations.


Objective To compare freezing and breaking,and homogenizing methods and establish a new method for total protein extraction. Methods Total protein was extracted by freezing and breaking apparatu(sSK-100)and homogenizer respectively.Then,the protein concentration was measured and subjected to Western-blot to examine β-actin expression. Results Although the consuming time of freezing and breaking approach was comparatively longer than that of homogenizing method,there was no difference in concentration of total protein and β-actin expression between both extraction methods. Conclusion Total protein can be extracted by both freezing and breaking approach and homogenizing method. The two kinds of methods can be used in the laboratory and available for functional analysis of proteins.


Advancing methods for evaluating therapeutic response have fostered a new era in glaucoma neuroprotection in which promising candidates are already being investigated in clinical trials and others are poised to begin phase I testing, said Jeffrey L. Goldberg, MD, PhD.


This paper considers the problem of obtaining high quality pose estimation (position and orientation) from a combination of low cost sensors, such as an inertial measurement unit and vision sensor. A non-linear complementary filter is proposed that evolves on the Special Euclidean Group SE(3). Exponential stability of the filter is proved. Simulation results are presented to illustrate simplicity and demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach. Experimental results reinforce the convergence of the filter.


iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge all of those who made this project possible, beginning with the members of my committee, including Dr. Christofer Cooper and Dr. Steven Brown, for providing the guidance to see it to completion. I would especially like to thank my committee chair, Dr. Elizabeth Vera, whose supervision throughout my time at Loyola has been instrumental not only in completing my dissertation, but also in shaping my career as a strengths-focused researcher and clinician. To my supervisors at Kane County Diagnostic Center, particularly Dr. Alexandra Tsang, I would like to express my gratitude for your assistance with this project and for exemplifying what it means to do meaningful work within correctional contexts. This project would not have been possible without all of my friends and family members who generously gave their support in the form of open ears and necessary distraction throughout my graduate school odyssey. Specifically I would like to thank my parents, Dr. Randall Knoll and Janet Knoll, for always nurturing my ambitions and having faith in my ability to accomplish my academic and professional goals. Finally, I am grateful to my wife, Amanda Miles Knoll, whose never-ending encouragement, wisdom, and humor throughout this project have been constant reminders of my good fortune to have found a true partner in life.


The role of motif n  (DEAR AsPw-GlulK,,-Ala.,.7-Hi  1~~  )  of Japanese encephalitis  virus (JEV) NS3 protein on RNA binding activity was studied. A point mutation was introduced to  the motif and  the RNA binding activity of each mutant protein was analyzed. Truncated form of each protein with a His-tag was expressed m Escherichia coli BL2l(DE3) pLysS and purified by metal affinity resin. Asp-285 - and Glu-286 was respectively substituted with Ala, AJa-287 was replaced by Cys.,Gly.  or ser. His-288 was mutated to other 19 amino acids. In total. 24 mutant proteins were produced and analyzed. AL results, all mutants showed quite similar RNA binding activity.  Indicating that motif II of JEY NS3 is not related to RNA binding activity. The same finding was reported for hepatitis C virus c (Hey) NS3 protein, suggesting the similar structure of NS3 protein in flavivirus . Keywords: Japanese encephalitis, R.binding, motif


In a distributed cache system, at some point the nodes need to share
and synchronise some information. This document explains how this
cache system works and shows how DNCP is useful in this situation.


This paper presents the results of a recent computational electromagnetic (CEM) simulation campaign for a single offset reflector CATR, where a number of models employing different field propagation methods were compared and contrasted both qualitatively and quantitatively using objective, non-local statistical image classification techniques.


This paper analyzes the characteristics of MSP430F149, introduces the hardware interface circuit between MCU and LCD and how to establish multilevel menu and multilayer screens.According to data construction,the method used to design LCD menu is presented.It also shows us LCD based on MSP430F149,so the goal of simple Human Machine Interface can be achieved.


The therapeutic history of asthma is divided into a period before and after the advent of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Before the advent of ICS, bronchodilators such as β2‐agonists and anti‐cholinergic agents were the main drugs used for asthma therapies. ICS were firstly launched in the market in 1978. Their effectiveness and safety have been recognized over time. Consequently, ICS were positioned as gold standard drugs for asthma therapy in the 1980s in Europe and North America and in the late 1990s in Japan. This review addresses the paradigm shift of the drug therapy for asthma.


The North American-Caribbean plate boundary consists of strike-slip deformation extending 3,200 km from the Middle American volcanic arc in western Guatemala to the northern Lesser Antilles. The authors have reconstructed the complex sedimentary and tectonic evolution of this zone over the past 65 m.y. by integration of onshore geologic data and offshore geophysical data. Onshore geologic data consists mainly of detailed structural maps and biostratigraphic studies from uplifted sedimentary basins in Hispaniola and Jamaica. Offshore data consists of single and multichannel seismic profiles and side-scan sonar maps. Both onshore and offshore data have been synthesized into a set of computer-based, paleogeographic maps for the following Cenozoic periods: late Paleocene, middle Eocene, late Oligocene, early Miocene, late Miocene, Pliocene, and Holocene. These data allow them to generalize the tectonic evolution of the boundary into three stages. Stage 1: Paleocene to early Eocene rifting and bimodal volcanism associated with formation of the Cayman Trough pullapart basin. Nonmarine to shallow marine sedimentation was controlled by northwest-northeast-striking normal faults formed at a high angle to the direction of plate motion. Stage 2: middle Eocene to early Miocene strike-slip faulting across a broad, California Borderlands-type margin. Shallow marine to marine sedimentation was controlled by strike-slipmore » faults parallel or at a low angle to the direction of plate motion. Stage 3: middle Miocene to present strike-slip faulting along a single major fault. Deep-marine sedimentation was controlled by a major strike-slip fault scarp formed approximately parallel to the direction of plate motion over most of the length of the boundary. Eustatic sea level effects are recognizable in all three stages.« less


5-Vinyl-pyrrole and 4-hydroxy-indole derivatives are synthesized by metal-free aldol/cyclization/aromatization cascade reactions of in situ generated enamines with 2,3-diketoesters. This convenient atom-economical process produces multifunctional pyrrole and indole products in moderate to good yields.


Background: Liver Cirrhosis is the end-stage for chronic liver disease. Repeated course of endoscopy is recommended, as this intervention is expensive and often poorly accepted by patients, there is a need for non-invasive methods to predicts the progression of portal hypertension as well as the presence and size of esophageal varices. This study was aimed to assess the APRI and Transient Elastography for predicting esophageal variceal bleed in cirrhotic patients. Objectives of the study were to study Diagnostic accuracy of APRI for Prediction of esophageal variceal bleed in liver cirrhosis, diagnostic accuracy of Transient Elastography for Prediction of esophageal variceal bleed in liver cirrhosis, comparison of diagnostic accuracy of APRI and Transient Elastography for Prediction of esophageal variceal bleed in liver cirrhosis.
Methods: It was a Single centre, observational study in 35 patients of chronic liver disease. Patients were included in the study after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. CBC, LFT, KFT, SE, viral marker, USG whole abdomen, UGIE, Transient Elastography was done. APRI was calculated for every patient.
Results: The APRI and Transient Elastography showed moderate diagnostic accuracy in predicting the presence of esophageal variceal bleed. Transient Elastography performed better for prediction of esophageal variceal bleed.
Conclusions: The APRI and Transient Elastography showed moderate diagnostic accuracy in predicting the presence of esophageal variceal bleed. They help in starting prophylactic therapy earlier to prevent the bleeding and other complications of varices. These non-invasive parameters can also play an effective role in conjunction with endoscopy in predicting the presence of esophageal varices.


Transportation is a key driver of development in cities by providing safe, efficient and reliable transportation for people, goods and services. Public transportation plays a vital role in contributing to a city's standard of living by providing mobility; which stimulates efficient economic activities, promotes equitable social conditions, and creates sustainable people-oriented urban environments. It is therefore, an important subject of public policy and an effective tool for achieving sustainable development. In this paper, we examine the policies and transport outcomes of Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore, Shanghai and Seoul to find out how traffic is kept flowing in these dense and fast-paced cities.


As advancement of the Internet of Thing and data centric technologies in collecting and distributing sensory data, security becomes much more important and desirable. This is because sensory data are commonly transmitted over wireless networks toward data center which are naturally easily observed for the goal of network traffic analysis. Furthermore, the collected data in data center can be easily accessed by users as well if the system does not deal with security mechanism. In this paper, we propose an anonymous authentication system using pairing-based verifier-local revocation group signature scheme to authenticate wireless nodes (i.e., sensor nodes) of a particular privilege group to the gateway node in transmitting data. In addition, an anonymous authentication for accessing data to the data center is also our achievement.


Mannitol has long been known as a product of glucose metabolism by some strains of Aspergillus. Apparently no concerted effort, has been made to develop a practical fermentation process to make mannitol. Work at the Northern Laboratory has shown that nearly all strains of white Aspergillus produce significant amounts of mannitol; many strains of black Aspergillus also have this characteristic. Aspergillus candidus NRRL 305 is an exceptionally good mannitol producer. Studies on a fermentation process were conducted in 20‐1, stainless steel fermentors, without baffles. Czapek‐Dox medium, modified by addition of corn meal, yeast extract, and enzymatically hydrolyzed casein was the most satisfactory medium tested. Suitable increments of glucose were fed daily to the fermentors. The duration of the fermentation was from 10 to 16 days. The effects of agitation, aeration, temperature, and pH of the medium were studied. Under optimal conditions yields of mannitol approached 50% of the glucose consumed.


This paper deals with  the flatness based approach for sensrless  control of induction motor systems.Two main features of the proposed flatness based control are worth to be mentioned. Firstly, the simplicity of implementation of the flatness approach as a nonlinear feedback linearization control technique. Secondly, when the chosen flat outputs involve non available state variable measurements a nonlinear observer is used to estimate them . The main advantage of the used observer is its ability to exploite the properties of the system nonlinearties. The simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiness of the proposed approach for sensorless control of the considered induction motor.


Forests are part of the essential and indispensable resources for human survival and social development that protect the balance of the earth bionomics. However, because of some uncontrolled anthropogenic activities and abnormal natural conditions, forest fires occur regularly. These fires are among the most serious disasters to forest resources and the human environment. This paper deals with a review of various fire detection techniques. The existing techniques mentioned in the present review have certain advantages and limitation. Based on this study by analyzing various parameters, we can determine which technique provides an optimum result.


Measurements of NmF2 and hmF2 at Millstone Hill are compared with results from the Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radiowave Propagation (IZMIRAN) time-dependent mathematical model of the Earth's ionosphere and plasmasphere during the periods March 16–23 and April 6–12, 1990. The effects of vibrationally excited N2 are studied by using two approaches: (1) obtaining a full solution of the vibrational quanta continuity equation and (2) calculating an analytical solution of the steady state vibrational quanta continuity equation using a simple FORTRAN subroutine. It is shown that during both undisturbed periods and magnetic storms, the full solution and the analytical approach give very similar results for NmF2 and hmF2 derived from the IZMIRAN model, so the analytical approach can be recommended for use in ionospheric models for calculation of electron densities during both quiet and disturbed conditions.


We present a systematic approach to determine all relativistic phases up to $\mathcal{O}(c^{-2})$ in light-pulse atom interferometers in weakly curved spacetime that are based on elastic scattering, namely Bragg diffraction and Bloch oscillations. Our analysis is derived from first principles using the parameterized post-Newtonian formalism. In the treatment developed here, we derive algebraic expressions for relativistic phases for arbitrary interferometer geometries in an automated manner. As case studies, we consider symmetric and antisymmetric Ramsey-Bord\'e interferometers, as well as a symmetric double diffraction interferometer with baseline lengths of 10 m and 100 m. We compare our results to previous calculations conducted for a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.


ABSTRACT This article examines the violent clashes between Hamas and Israel along the Gaza Fence (30 March 2018–27 December 2019) from a psychological operations (PSYOP) perspective. It shows how Hamas managed, through a skilful combination of mass riots, media manipulation, and quick adaptation to changing circumstances to subvert the strategic priorities of the Israel Defence Forces (IDF), wear down Israeli morale, and erode Israel's sovereignty in its southern region – all this while deterring Israel from launching a large-scale military operation in Gaza. As such, the Gaza Fence clashes provide an example of a PSYOP-based strategy that can be applied to other border conflict zones, such as Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, and Islamist insurrections.


Background The loss of stability of oil and gas pipelines is accompanied by significant deviations from the design position with the occurrence of excessive, often unacceptable mechanical stresses in the pipe wall and their damage. Damage to pipelines for pumping oil, oil products and gas is associated with high costs. The loss of the underwater pipelines overall stability in the longitudinal direction and their damage is associated with even higher costs and requires a separate analysis. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the possible erosion under the action of the water flow of the soil backfill over the pipeline laid in the trench, which affects the stability of the pipeline. Aims and Objectives Obtain analytical expressions for the determination of the longitudinal compressive critical force at which the loss of longitudinal stability of the underwater pipeline laid in a trench and covered with soil in conditions of erosion of backfill in a certain area occurs. Results The dependence of the critical force resulting in the loss of the longitudinal stability of the underwater pipeline, on the extent of the blurred section, the geometric characteristics of the pipes, its weight with the pumped product and the load, and the properties of the soil in contact with the pipeline is obtained.


Families of Mexican descent might have certain cultural beliefs that don't mesh up with standard medical practice. Learn what they are, and which could be dangeorus to the child.


Background and Objectives We investigated whether there are differences in auditory performance between the healthy ears of subjects with unilateral deafness (UD) and the control ears of subjects with normal hearing (NH) in both ears.Subjects and Method Sixteen subjects with acquired UD and 16 subjects with NH thresholds for both ears were enrolled. We compared the auditory performance of UD group and control group with NH in both ears.Results We found no meaningful differences in the three measures of psychoacoustic performance between the total healthy ears of subjects with UD and the ears of the control group. However, in the subgroup comparison, the left ears of subjects with right UD showed significantly poorer spectral-ripple discrimination (SRD) than the right ears of the subjects with left UD (p=0.006) and the ears of control subjects with NH (p=0.004).Conclusion Our findings indicate that after unilateral auditory deprivation, auditory processing is differentially affected by the side involved. In the subjects with acquired UD, the longterm hearing deprivation on the right side induced the down-regulation of central auditory process for SRD, but hearing deprivation on the left side did not affect SRD.


A crucial problem in "inductive logic programming" is learning recursive logic programs from examples alone; current systems such as GOLEM and FOIL often achieve success only for carefully selected sets of examples. We describe a program called FORCE2 that uses the new technique of "forced simulation" to learn twoclause "closed" linear recursive ij-determinate programs; although this class of programs is fairly restricted, it does include most of the standard benchmark problems. Experimentally, FORCE2 requires fewer examples than FOIL, and is more accurate when learning from randomly chosen datasets. Formally, FORCE2 is also shown to be a pac-learning algorithm in a variant of Valiant's [1984] model, in which we assume the ability to make two types of queries: one which gives an upper bound on the depth of the proof for an example, and one which determines if an example can be proved in unit depth.


The objective of this research is to present a review of the current technologies and pretreatments used in the fermentation of cow, pig and poultry manure. Pretreatment techniques were classified into physical, chemical, physicochemical, and biological groups. Various aspects of these different pretreatment approaches are discussed in this review. The advantages and disadvantages of its applicability are highlighted since the effects of pretreatments are complex and generally depend on the characteristics of the animal manure and the operational parameters. Biological pretreatments were shown to improve methane production from animal manure by 74%, chemical pretreatments by 45%, heat pretreatments by 41% and physical pretreatments by 30%. In general, pretreatments improve anaerobic digestion of the lignocellulosic content of animal manure and, therefore, increase methane yield.


ABSTRACT Surface geochemical detection of deeply seated hydrocarbons is an inexact science. It has been firmly established that there is upward movement of chemical compounds from hydrocarbon reservoirs. Therefore the challenge is to develop economical methods to assist in differentiating those seismic anomalies that represent barren structures from those that host hydrocarbons. The recently developed enzyme leach method of extracting elements loosely bound to amorphous manganese oxide coatings on soil particles has been tested in southeastern Saskatchewan. The target, an Ordovician Red River reservoir at a depth of 2850 m, was studied by collecting soil samples from 74 sites within a one square mile (2.6 km2) section. A 3-D seismic structure that is quite pronounced at the Ordovician Winnipeg - Red River formation level is outlined by a number of element enrichments in the soils that flank its surface projection. Of note are relative enrichments of the halogens (Br, I, CI) and of Mo, Re, W, V, As and Sb. Copper, Ni, Ba, Cd, Sr and U also show positive but less distinctive relationships to the structure.


When the use permission information detecting means for detecting from the reproduced video signal in the restrictive use permission information, the time shift start information, the time shift end information, the use permission information detecting unit forms a use prohibition control signal S7 and supplies it to the use of prohibition control means. Use according to the use prohibition control means erasing prohibition signal added on the video signal recording medium using limiting permission information, and so that the video signal can not be reused.


At hydrocarbon exploration stage,using the theory of sequence stratigraphy to study sedimentary feature is a common method at present.At the initial stages of exploration with few exploratory wells,usually use the drilling and seismic data and combine them to study tertiary sequence's sedimentary features.Through the analysis of the drilling data,explain stratigraphic sequence and sedimentary cycle in single well and multiwells.Combining the drilling and seismic data,explain seismic strata on seismic profile,establish stratigraphic sequence frame and analyse seismic facies and sedimentary facies.Combining the analysis of structural setting and palaeotopography,analyse and predict the plane characteristic of sedimentary faceis and sedimentary system and the process of sedimentary evolution on research area.


Load modeling has a significant impact on power system performance. Integration of renewable energy and energy management systems significantly changed the load compositions. The composite load models (CMLD) with the aggregated distribution energy resources (DER-A) have been recently become available in the commercial software to represent the system dynamic load characteristics. This paper studied the trajectory sensitivity of CMLD load with DER-A model. Trajectory sensitivity indexes (TSI) have been defined and parameters are divided in 5 categories of non-sensitive, low-sensitive, transient-sensitive, high-sensitive and critical parameters. Impact of each parameter on simulation response investigated. Results and observations are presented in the paper.


A subgroup H of a finite group G is called Hall normally embedded in G if H is a Hall subgroup of the normal closure H G . Groups which contain a Hall normally embedded subgroup of order d for every factor d of | G | are characterized. Such groups are supersolvable with a cyclic nilpotent residual of square-free order.


Abstract Molecular gas is the raw material for star formation and is commonly traced by the carbon monoxide (CO) molecule. The atmosphere blocks all but the lowest-J transitions of CO for observatories on the ground, but the launch of the Herschel Space Observatory revealed the CO emission of nearby galaxies from J = 4−3 to J = 13−12. Herschel showed that mid- and high-J CO lines in nearby galaxies are emitted from warm gas, accounting for approximately 10% of the molecular mass, but the majority of the CO luminosity. The energy budget of this warm, highly-excited gas is a significant window into the feedback interactions among molecular gas, star formation, and galaxy evolution. Likely, mechanical heating is required to explain the excitation. Such gas has also been observed in star forming regions within our galaxy. We have examined all ~300 spectra of galaxies from the Herschel Fourier Transform Spectrometer and measured line fluxes or upper limits for the CO J = 4−3 to J = 13−12, [CI], and [NII] 205 micron lines in ~200 galaxies, taking systematic effects of the FTS into account. We will present our line fitting method, illustrate trends available so far in this large sample, and preview the full 2-component radiative transfer likelihood modeling of the CO emission using an illustrative sample of 20 galaxies, including comparisons to well-resolved galactic regions. This work is a comprehensive study of mid- and high-J CO emission among a variety of galaxy types, and can be used as a resource for future (sub)millimeter studies of galaxies with ground-based instruments.


There are two items that significantly enhance the generalisation ability (i.e. classification accuracy) of machine learning‐based classifiers: feature selection (including parameter optimisation) and an ensemble of the classifiers. Accordingly, the objective in this study is to develop an ensemble of classifiers based on a genetic algorithm (GA) wrapper feature selection approach for real time scheduling (RTS). The proposed approach can better enhance the generalisation ability of the RTS knowledge base (i.e. classifier) in comparison with three classical machine learning‐based classifier RTS systems, including the GA‐based wrapper feature selection mechanism, in terms of the prediction accuracy of 10‐fold cross validation as measured according to all the performance criteria. The proposed ensemble classifier RTS also provides better system performance than the three machine learning‐based RTS systems, including the GA‐based wrapper feature selection mechanism and heuristic dispatching rules, under all the performance criteria, over a long period in a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) case study.


This article is the result of the investigation Experiences of Educational Innovation that reinvent the daily in pedagogical practice: case study of six winners of the Medellin Educated contest, developed by Seed Research in Pedagogy attached to the Group History of Pedagogical Practice in Colombia. This article seeks to highlight the personal commitment of the teachers who participated in this research as an opportunity to reinvent their daily pedagogical practice and especially their teaching subjectivity. For this, it`s proposed to analyze the modes of subjectivity present in the experiences studied and the different limitations in the development of the


Bridge construction enterprises in the era of low-profit enterprise established to operate construction market indicators,we must grasp the various cost elements of the control project,the paper business focus from temporary facilities,bridge construction cost,the control elements and the cost of temporary facilities within the enterprise control the cost of temporary facilities to analyze the implementation of measures to improve the economic efficiency of enterprises.


The relevance of the study is due to the fact that intercultural competence should be inherent in almost every professional, especially in the socionomic professions. This article describes the necessary prerequisites for conceptualizing the model of intercultural competence of future professionals in socionomic professions. The purpose of this article is to proceed on the basis of the generalization on the conceptualization of the model of intercultural competence of specialists of socionomic professions taking into account the challenges and requirements of modern society. We used theoretical methods in the study, namely analysis, abstraction, generalization, explanation and classification. The author analyzes the most typical and used definitions of the studied phenomenon, which are found in the scientific achievements of researchers and the basic concepts that underlie their interpretations. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature on this problem, we have attempted to identify and characterize the leading structural components of intercultural competence of socionomic professions: motivational, cognitive, activе, communicative, conative. Based on the generalization of theories and models of intercultural interaction and intercultural competence of researchers, an attempt was made to define the conceptualization of the model of intercultural competence of socionomic professions taking into account modern challenges. The development of this model will provide a fuller understanding of intercultural competence in the context of the peculiarities of the professional activities of specialists in socionomic professions and understanding the approaches to its formation. Further understanding of the relationships between the components of intercultural competence and the leading factors, that have a significant impact on them, will be the basis for producing hypotheses on their nature and detailing of character of relationships between them, which will allow us to understand the system of intercultural competence of socionomic professions in higher educational institutions.


This case study details the assessment and treatment of a 12 year old boy who had not attended school for three years and rarely left the house. Prior to accessing NHS services at GOSH he was assessed and treated by over thirteen private consultants for a series of somatic, cognitive and psychological symptoms. Once referred to GOSH he was offered a holistic assessment within an innovative multidisciplinary clinic developed within the Gastroenterology Service. This presentation describes the key processes that contributed to this patient's successful treatment at GOSH. An expert assessment including gastroenterology, general paediatrics and mental health (paediatric psychology and liaison psychiatry) identified the need to draw on the expertise of CAMHS colleagues in the Attachment and Trauma Team (ATT) and the Mildred Creak Unit (MCU). Following careful preparation by Gastroenterology MDT, the patient had a seven month admission to the MCU and was discharged home under the care of local paediatric and CAMHS teams. The changes observed in the patient and family at the point of discharge were transformative across all domains. This intervention followed a six year history of disjointed care all around the UK. Attending a specialist NHS children's hospital with the capacity to manage both complex physical and mental health presentations allowed for the provision of appropriate care. An admission was required for effective assessment of neurodevelopmental disorders within a context of complicated attachment relationships and behavioural difficulties. There was also significant liaison with the local teams. This case study provides one example of best practice holistic care integrating physical and mental health. It demonstrates how a process that includes mental health professionals at the beginning of a patient's journey within GOSH enables us to collaborate with the family and develop a trusting relationship which enables all of the child's needs to be met.


The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of long-term endurance exercise and salvia miltiorrhiza vinegar on body composition and insulin resistance of high-fat diet (30% carbohydrate, 50% fat and 20% protein) induced obese rats. After 8 weeks of high fat diet (50% of total calories), rats were divided into 4 groups (sedentary group, n=10; exercise group, n=10; Salvia miltiorrhiza vinegar group, n=10; exercise+Salvia miltiorrhiza vinegar group, n=10) for 8 weeks. Body weight, body composition, diet intake volume, oral glucose tolerance test, plasma total cholesterol were measured. The results showed that Salvia miltiorrhiza vinegar plus endurance exercise training for 8 weeks significantly improved body weight control, visceral fat weight, and insulin resistance. However, only Salvia miltiorrhiza vinegar treatment did not significantly improve body composition and insulin resistance. In addition, there was no additive by the combination of Salvia miltiorrhiza vinegar and endurance exercise in insulin, body fat, and total cholesterol. The reduction of body fat, glucose, insulin and cholesterol by combination was resulted from the exercise. These results suggest that Salvia miltiorrhiza vinegar has slight effect on anti-hyperglycemia and anti-obesity.


In this study, biodegradable fluorine-containing polyurethanes (PU/OFHD) were synthesized using 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polycaprolactone diol (PCL), and 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,-octafluoro-1,6-hexanediol (OFHD). PCL is a biodegradable soft segment, and OFHD is a fluoro chain extender. In addition, other polyurethanes (PU/HD) were synthesized using 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, PCL, and another chain extender [i.e., 1,6-hexanediol (HD)] for comparison.

Gel permeation chromatography analysis indicated that the molecular weight of PU/OFHD is greater than that of PU/HD. 19F nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed that the OFHD chain extender was successfully incorporated into the backbone of PU. According to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses, strong interactions between the C=O and CF2 groups in PU/OFHD exist. Based on thermal analysis, PU/OFHD exhibited an initial decomposition temperature that was 6.5–7.9°C higher than that of PU/HD. Differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis analyses indicated that both the glass transition (Tg) and dynamic Tg of PU/OFHD are higher than those of PU/HD. Mechanical property analysis demonstrated that the tensile strength of PU/OFHD is higher than that of PU/HD. Moreover, PU/OFHD exhibited better chemical resistance than PU/HD. The scanning electron microscope images indicated that both PU/HD and PU/OFHD exhibited higher hydrolytic degradation at a higher PCL content. However, PU/OFHD is less degradable than PU/HD. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Based on the monthly precipitation data observed by 57 meteorological stations in the Qinling Mountains during the period from 1961 to 2009,this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial trends of drought and flood in the north and south of the Qinling Mountains and the response of regional drought index and Z index to global climate change using mainly the M-K mutation test,wavelet analysis and Kriging interpolation.The conclusions are as follow:(1) Climate trend rate of average annual temperature in Guanzhong was higher than that in south Shaanxi Province,and the abrupt change of average annual temperature occurred in 1996 in these two areas;(2) In recent 49 years,the warming-drying trend,spring drought and summer flood in Guanzhong were more significant than that in south Shaanxi Province.The proportion of severe drought increased in both the north and south of the Qinling Mountains,but that of partial flood decreased after the abrupt change of average annual temperature.There were the 3-4-year and 22-27-year periodicities of drought and flood in Guanzhong,but 3-4-year and 24-30-year ones in south Shaanxi Province,and these periodicities corresponded to the occurrence of El Nino and solar activity;(3) Frequency of severe drought in south Shaanxi Province was higher than that in Guanzhong.The distribution regularity of annual severe flood frequency was not strong,and the centers were scattered.Frequency of drought and flood was distributed in a latitudinal way in winter but in a longitudinal way in other seasons.


Abstract : The report discusses the development of a propeller wake model and computational procedure aimed at the determination of the spatial distribution of wake vorticity and the associated induced velocity distribution. Numerical calculations were made for a number of vortex-ring configurations corresponding to a hovering rotor at onehalf, one and two ring radii above the ground, as well as out-of-ground effect. Both unsteady and time-averaged velocities were computed at various points in the wake for several cases. A model is proposed for the wake flow of a rotor in steady forward flight. Instead of the vortexring representation, the tip vortices are represented by continuous finite-core vortices. For purposes of numerical calculation, the continuous vortex is approximated by short straight-line segments. This model will enable the calculation of the time-dependent wake-vortex configuration, within the limitations of practicable computing running time, in which the various vortex elements move under mutual influence according to the laws of vortex dynamics. (Author)


Objective: To observe the long-term effects of Orthokeratology lenses on myopic correction in adolescents. Assess the clinical value of Orthokeratolo gy,a new developing and young medical technology. Methods: Carry on the clinic al observation of 3 years on 31 myopic adolescents(60 eyes),who were corrected by Orthokeratology. Results: Myopic diopters were dropped most remarkably in the first month,93% were droped in 3 month. Residual myopic diopters were on the rise after 1 year. Percentages of adolescents who insisted on correction wer e 90%,75%,48.3% in 1 year,2 years and 3 years,respectively. Conclusion: Orthokeratology have worked effectively within specific limitation and certain c onditions. The long-term effects have fluctuated greatly with each individual a n d different period. Strong professional knowledge is important in the design of Orthokeratology lenses and in the follow-up stage.


Lack of an effective seed harvester has limited the commercial availability of many chaffy seeded grasses in Australia. A brush harvester similar to the Woodward Flail-Vac Seed Stripper was evaluated successfully across a range of chaffy seeded grasses in southern Queensland. A second machine with increased harvesting and storage capacity plus a facility for primary cleaning of seed was designed and built for large-scale commercial use. A third harvester is currently being developed for opportunist harvesting of small discontinuous seed areas, particularly of chaffy seeded native grasses in the semi-arid mulga lands in south-western Queensland. The low cost machine can be constructed and maintained using the facilities associated with the average farm workshop, and can be transported rapidly between seed production areas.


This paper analyzes the main problems derived from the new Spanish procedural rule that permits the consumer to claim for damages in an administrative proceeding. Until the passage of the Improvement of Consumer Protection Act of 2006 (Ley 44/2006, de 29 de diciembre, de mejora de la proteccion de los consumidores y usuarios) this possibility was completely forbidden. Currently this Act allows any consumer to ask for damages at the same time that gives notice of a violation of the consumer Law to the authorities charged with the consumer protection policy. Nevertheless the aforementioned Act does not create nor regulate an administrative procedure to handle this type of claims. Moreover the Spanish consumer authorities do not have the material and legal means to confront a brand new issue for them, as complicated as granting damages to consumers. The paper tries to evaluate the meaning and future of this new procedural rule, and to offer possible legal solutions to some of the problems created by its existence in the Spanish legal system.


The invention discloses a making method of dunaliella fish balls. The making method includes the steps as follows: (1) conducting pre-treatment on raw fish at the temperature of 4 DEG C and collecting meat so as to reduce the loss of protein and other components in the meat, wherein pre-treatment refers to removal of head, scale, skin, entrails and the like and meat collecting refers to obtaining of fish meat by removal of fishbone, connective tissue and the like; (2) rinsing the collected fish meat with low-concentration salt solution; (3) milling the fish meat for 25-40 min at the temperature of not higher than 4 DEG C; (4) adding 1%-5% of dunaliella powder and 5%-10% of pig skin; (5) boiling the fish meat at the temperature of 90-95 DEG C in water for shaping and keeping for 20-30 min; and (6) at the temperature of minus 25 DEG C, quickly freezing the fish balls which are boiled to shape in water and then sealing the fish balls. In the invention, the dunaliella, the pig skin and the like with high nutrient value are added in the fish balls, therefore the fish balls are not only different from the traditional fish balls in form, but also improved in nutrient value compared with the traditional fish balls, and simultaneously the fish balls have certain functional characteristics.


Within Cameroonian journalism, the term gombo is a popular metaphor for various payments, freebies and rewards solicited by journalists and provided by different news actors to journalists. The ultimate aim of giving gombo is to influence what and who is covered, and how they are covered. The categories of gombo, the contexts in which it is solicited and the hierarchies it has evolved point to a culture of patronage that is constantly being defined, shaped and reshaped by both journalists and patrons. Detailing its varied dimensions and illustrating its modus operandi, this article argues that gombo articulates the challenge of media liberalization and pluralism (as prescribed by liberal democracy) in an environment of severe economic crisis (occasioned by various structural adjustment policies) and rampant corruption. The result is the institutionalization of a patronage system, which, in challenging the profession's codes of ethics and its credibility with the public, simultaneously accords journalists an entitlement to economic privileges deemed unavailable to them. At stake is equally the definition of what journalism is and the media's role in Cameroon's democratic transition.


This document is the author deposited version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Published version POVEY, Hilary (2013). The use of learning journals as assessment. In: LINDMEIER, Anke M. and HEINZE., Aiso, (eds.) Mathematics learning across the lifespan: proceedings of the 37th conference of the International group for the psychology of mathematics education. PME (37). Kiel, IPN: Leibniz Institute for Science and Mathematics Education.


The comprehensive analysis and comparison of the application and the technical character of a variety of hematology analyzer widely used in China's medical institutions is proposed on the basis of an introduction to the principle and technical features involved in the five-classification technology of the hematology analyzer, and the combined analysis on behalf of the five-classification technology is focused in above. Finally, the development trend of the hematology analyzer is summarized.


High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the analysis of chiisanoside in each stem and root of Acanthopanax senticosus collected from South Korea, North Korea, China and Russia. A reverse-phase system using a gradient of H₂O and acetonitrile as the mobile phase was developed and detection was at 210㎚. The analysis was successfully carried out within 30 min. Chiisanoside was measured in the stem and root of A. senticosus collected from various countries.


Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by increased pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular thickening, which causes RV dysfunction and failure. Current therapies lack efficacy for preventing disease progression and lead to poor survival rate in patients. Rho-activated protein kinases (ROCK) play a key role in smooth muscle contraction and proliferation and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and survival, which indicate the potential of ROCK inhibitors to treat PAH. This work aims to assess the efficacy of a novel ROCK inhibitor, named LASSBio-2065, on cardiac and vascular function in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH. Intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg MCT induced PAH in Wistar rats, which protocol was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. After 2 wks, echocardiography confirmed the PAH and rats were randomly divided in groups and treated with either vehicle or LASSBio-2065 (60 μmol/kg/day, i.p.) for 14 days. At the end of treatment, hemodynamic parameters were evaluated using echocardiography and RV catheterization. Tissues were collected for histologic and morphometric analysis. Data expressed as mean ± SEM was analysed using One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett post-test. LASSBio-2065 improves pulmonary vascular resistance and RV afterload because the ratio of pulmonary acceleration time-to-total ejection time reduced from 26.7 ± 2.0 to 21.7 ± 1.6 (p< 0.05) and RV output from 64.2 ± 6.1 to 39.1 ± 8.0 (p<0.05). Vascular and cardiac remodelling were prevented by LASSBio-2065, since medial wall thickness of distal pulmonary arterioles reduced and short axis RV-to-LV internal area increased from 85.8 ± 11.4 to 115.2 ± 17.8 (p<0.05). The new ROCK inhibitor also improved the RV diastolic function, restoring both RV end-diastolic pressures increasing from 5.3 ± 0.8 to 11.1 ± 1.9 mmHg (p<0.05) and Tau from 16.9 ± 2.2 to 27.1 ± 2.8 (p<0.05). In conclusion, LASSBio-2065 significantly improved RV function in MCT-induced PAH. In conclusion, the new ROCK inhibitor represents a potential alternative for management of PAH-associated RV dysfunction and remodelling.


This paper presents an image transformation method for changing the pose of an illustrated human body. In these illustrations, changing one pose to another can convey different impression of human expression. This process is however time-consuming if it is manually redrawn. On the other hand, basic methods like affine transformation are limited for expressing various poses of the human body. To solve this problem, we propose the method using Harmonic Coordinates applied to a polygon framework. We developed a pose changing tool based on the above approach. With the tool we developed, changing the pose of illustrated human bodies can be done easily and effectively. 芸術科学会論文誌 Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 74-81


Co-clustering is rapidly becoming a powerful data analysis technique in varied fields, such as gene expression analysis, data and web mining, and market baskets analysis. In this paper, two co-clustering methods based on smooth plaid model (SPM) and parallel factor decomposition with sparse latent factors (SLF-PARAFAC) are respectively applied to synthetic data set and investors' transaction-level data set from the China Financial Futures Exchange. We present the comparison between two methodologies. Both SLF-PARAFAC and SPM are efficient, robust, and well suited for discovering trading ecosystems in modern financial markets. We recognize temporal pattern differences of various trader types. The results help to develop a thorough understanding of trading behaviors, and to detect patterns and irregularities.


Includes a carbon layer in the laminate film, the carbon layer is a laminated film to prevent the breakage or cracking of the layer or film adjacent to the carbon layer. The elastic force is provided by the carbon layer, breakage or cracking of the layer or film adjacent to the carbon layer is prevented. .The


This panel is discussing research conducted as part of the Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorder Consortium with the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. The panel has two researchers conducting low back research and two researchers performing upper extremity research. The goal of the panel is to inform the audience about the consortium and some of the state of the art research that is being conducted.


Nowadays it is common to see world's most valueable beings of children are seen and brought to the foundations for security reasons. Researches are generally besed on to get knowledge about the general concept of children. This work will show you the reasons of their being in foundations more than describing the situation. Our data is taken from TUIK's 2013 Children Coming or Brought to Safety Foundations. Territories are taken into account as in the report as 12 territories.In our survey multiple dimensional scaling is used.Because with this scaling we had the least lost of data; moreover due to its visuality it is easy to comprehend diffrence sand similarities. Thanks to this analyze technic you can find which reason is highly common where. Owing to this anaylze situations in the territories are revealed.It is seen that similar geographic places causes similar cases of children. Thanks to local analyses Turkey's risk map is revealed. This survey will help us to over come these risky situations.Getting a detailed information about those local places and situations, it will be easier to take precautions correctly and on time. This research will be a helpful guide not only for educators or families but also for civil servants who works for safety institutions. They will get a chance for having pre-knowledge of cases. Furthermore, every region may have their own ways to aducate the families living there.. Thanks to this information safety foundations will be prepared before


Dear Editor, We appreciate the interest of the authors in our article entitled "A productive proposed search syntax for health disaster preparedness research". They have rightly emphasized on the standard reporting of systematic reviews. However, as it is clear from the title and objective of the published article, we did not report results of a systematic review, our article instead aimed to present a syntax validation process which guide with creating a proper search strategy for systematic reviews on disaster preparedness [1-4].


The objective of this paper is to test the possibility of developing a model to calculate the default probability in car loans in the context of Indian Non Banking Financial Institutions (NBFCs) where detailed customer demographics are usually not maintained or not freely available to line managers. The study attempts to check the utility of the non-demographic variables already available with the organization with an objective to immediately apply the model developed in a scenario when relationship lending has reached its limits and transactional lending is the need of the hour. Said data for borrowers of an Indian NBFC was analysed using the Binary Logistic Regression Model for a cohort of 10,137 customers who availed loans from April 2003 to March 2007. Customer loan performance was observed from April 2008 to ensure at least 12 month seasoning. The results suggest that ten out of eleven recorded variables significantly impact the loan defaults. Using the proposed variables to develop a credit model has potential benefit to smaller companies where data capturing is still not up to the mark and only data available is that pertaining to loan characteristics.


Presently, at least 70% of the total urban population in Zambia resides in peri-urban areas. Peri-urban settlements are characterized by high population growth, high poverty levels and inadequate access to water and sanitation which often result in increased prevalence of diseases. The situation is even made worse because of the position that many local authorities have taken regarding the implementation of infrastructure and service development in these settlements. Local authorities in developing countries have continuously focused on implementation of traditional and unsustainable technologies for service provision to meet the demand despite the technologies' inability to serve the rapidly growing peri-urban areas. These technologies have high costs, lack proper operation and maintenance, and are not affordable to majority of peri-urban residents. Therefore, this study was set out to identify and evaluate the existing and possible low-cost technology options for sustainable water supply and sanitation in two selected peri-urban areas of Lusaka, Zambia, namely Kanyama and Chazanga. This was achieved through a household survey conducted in the selected communities. Questionnaires and focus group discussions were held in the respective areas to obtain baseline data on the current water supply and sanitation situation, the type of technologies used, challenges faced regarding water and sanitation technologies, and to get the communities perceptions and preferences of different technology options. Thereafter, a Multi-Criterion Analysis methodological approach was used to assess the selected technologies by the communities, taking into consideration of the economic, socio-cultural, technical, institutional and environmental aspects. Results from the study revealed that a few low-cost water supply and sanitation technologies are feasible for peri-urban areas. For Chazanga, communal taps, boreholes, protected wells, and rain water harvesting were found to be feasible for water supply. For sanitation, on-site sanitation services such as compost toilets, dry toilets, as well as Ventilated Improved Pits (VIP) and Pour-flush, Fossa Alterna and the Urine Diversion Dry Toilet (UDDT) are some of the low-cost technologies that can be implemented in the area. The VIP is suitable for households that rely on water from communal taps for their use. As majority of households in the area have taps on their plots, the Pour-flush can be an alternative. The Fossa Alterna and the Urine Diversion Dry Toilet (UDDT) have low initial cost and can accommodate different households.


Adopting German Oaring Testing System,we tested 11 women kayak canoeists and analyzed their physiological and biochemical indexes. The result demonstrated that within the whole process of 500 meters,maximum oaring power of starting is 320?N,that on the way was 250?N and that of dashing was 270?N. The average oaring power was 130?N,the proportion of supporting and non supporting phrases during oaring were 65%∶35% and 70%∶30%. The average power and maximum power of oarsman were greater than those of the crews marshal. The Chinese women canoeists were poorer in average power and average oaring power.


THE EFFECTS OF USING MICROSOFT WORD® ON JOURNAL WORD COUNTS IN THE HIGH SCHOOL ENGLISH CLASSROOM An Action Research Project Presented to the Department of Teacher Education Johnson Bible College In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement for the Degree Master of Arts in Educational Technology and Bible by Sherry B. Godsey April, 2000 ABSTRACT A teacher in a rural high school in East Tennessee observed that her high school advanced English students would readily agree to writing journal entries as long as they were allowed to use word processing software. In the past, students had bemoaned the daily ritual of journal writing using pencil and paper. The teacher wanted to find out if students actually wrote more words using word processing software than they produced when writing with pen and paper. The literature review on the benefits of using word processing software centered primarily on the elementary grades, when students are unfamiliar or unpracticed with keyboarding skills. Results of those studies were negative since students had to contend with not only writing skills, but also the subtleties of keyboarding. Two English II Advanced classes participated as the subjects for this study. During the first six weeks of school, both classes were introduced to the journal writing process. Upon entry into the classroom, students would write for 15 minutes on a topic assigned by the teacher, which related to the day's lesson. The six weeks grade on the assignment was determined only by whether the students had indeed written on topic for the day. Students were not penalized for poor spelling or grammatical errors. During the second six weeks, the control group wrote in daily journals using the traditional classroom tools of pencil and paper. The treatment group met in the computer lab for the first 15 minutes of class to write in journals using computer software. At the end the second six weeks, the teacher compared the word totals of each group to determine which group had produced the highest number of words.A teacher in a rural high school in East Tennessee observed that her high school advanced English students would readily agree to writing journal entries as long as they were allowed to use word processing software. In the past, students had bemoaned the daily ritual of journal writing using pencil and paper. The teacher wanted to find out if students actually wrote more words using word processing software than they produced when writing with pen and paper. The literature review on the benefits of using word processing software centered primarily on the elementary grades, when students are unfamiliar or unpracticed with keyboarding skills. Results of those studies were negative since students had to contend with not only writing skills, but also the subtleties of keyboarding. Two English II Advanced classes participated as the subjects for this study. During the first six weeks of school, both classes were introduced to the journal writing process. Upon entry into the classroom, students would write for 15 minutes on a topic assigned by the teacher, which related to the day's lesson. The six weeks grade on the assignment was determined only by whether the students had indeed written on topic for the day. Students were not penalized for poor spelling or grammatical errors. During the second six weeks, the control group wrote in daily journals using the traditional classroom tools of pencil and paper. The treatment group met in the computer lab for the first 15 minutes of class to write in journals using computer software. At the end the second six weeks, the teacher compared the word totals of each group to determine which group had produced the highest number of words.


Excerpt Our conceptions of the true anatomic conditions in the region of the tooth supporting tissues or "paradentium" (Weski) have recently undergone a definite change through the work of contempo...


Resveratrol(Res) and piceid(PD) in grape berries were determined by using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),combining with the C18 solid extraction.The result showed that the contents of Res in Carbernet Gernischet and Rkatsiteli existed obvious difference during the development of grapes berries.The contents of Res and PD were high in Carbernet Gernischet grapes berries,while the content of Res was low and the content PD kept decreasing during the development of Rkatsiteli grapes berries.


Abstract This article explores the various ways in which ethnographic images are deployed in branding strategies by Bulgarian and Japanese companies to frame industrial food as cultural heritage. Examining the history and marketing strategies of yogurt in Japan, I demonstrate how international marketing and cooperation has influenced the definitions, meanings and values of yogurt. In Japan, companies turn to ethnographic images of Bulgaria to sell their products, emphasizing visions of rural life over Bulgarian yogurt-making technology. At the same time, the fact that Bulgarian yogurt has turned into a symbol of health and wellbeing in one of the world's economic powers is a source of national pride for consumers in post-socialist Bulgaria. The branding strategies of yogurt show how companies transform foods into culturally meaningful products, thereby doing much more than making profitable commodities of them. In educating and offering consumers new lifestyles, they change established systems of consumption and influence people's imaginations.