Broadband seismic data has several benefits for quantitative seismic reservoir characterization. It is characterized by a significant increase of seismic frequency bandwidth on both the low and high sides of the frequency spectra. This work presents a novel seismic inversion approach to exploit the full value out of broadband seismic data.
 The average wavelet from broadband seismic data is limited in high and low frequencies due to the short duration of the well log and the misalignment of the seismic data with the well-log synthetic at high frequencies. Limitation of the extracted wavelet and optimization can generate band-limited inversion results that do not capture the full range of frequencies. An alternate approach of dividing the data into three frequency bands resulted in extracted wavelets that capture the spectrum of each band, and in turn produced a reliable broadband inversion result honoring the full range of frequencies present in the data.
 Inversion results gave a superior match of the estimated synthetic with the data spectra (Figure 1), and the reservoir was better calibrated at all the well locations. Successful recovery of the ultra-low frequencies enabled us to maximize the value of the broadband data. The workflow also pushed the frequency of the inverted properties to 80 Hz which helped in turn to characterize some of the relatively thinner layers, which were otherwise getting averaged out. Building a low frequency model for AVO seismic inversion using ultra-low frequency information leads to a significant improvement of predictability away from wells. As a prior model, a geologically constrained (4 Hz) low frequency filter was applied.
 Review of the broadband AVO seismic inversion results clearly indicate a better match between the inverted traces and well log properties at the studied wells. Also, the blind well test results at four wells indicate an excellent match to the blind well logs, which adds a high degree of confidence on the inverted elastic properties. Also, the synthetic spectra of the ultra-low and ultra-high frequencies is captured and maintained in the inverted broadband seismic data.
 The novelty of the new workflow is in the ability to effectively invert the broad frequency band of seismic data. Successful recovery of the ultra-low and ultra-high frequencies enabled us to maximize the value of the broadband data. Subsequently, the high frequency elastic properties helped in successful characterization of thinner reservoirs and will help in better optimization of the future field development initiatives.


We investigate the use of fuzzy clustering for the analysis of software metrics databases. Software metrics are collected at various points during software development, in order to monitor and control the quality of a software product. We use fuzzy clustering to examine three collections of software metrics. This is one of the very few attempts to use unsupervised learning in the software metrics domain, even though unsupervised learning seems more appropriate for this application domain. Some characteristics of this application domain that have significant implications for machine learning are highlighted and discussed. Our results illustrate how unsupervised learning can be used in software quality control.


The effective mass-transfer efficiency in a column equipped with structured packings was investigated experimentally. The packings analyzed in the present work were Sulzer Mellapak 250Y, made of corrugated plastic or metal sheets, and Sulzer BX, made of plastic gauze. In the literature many works have been published on this topic, but they have mainly been oriented toward evaluating overall mass-transfer efficiency or the gas-side coefficient, leaving out closer examination of the liquid-side mass-transfer coefficient. The aim of the present work is to examine liquid film and to identify a relation that allows accurately evaluating the liquid film contribution to overall mass-transfer efficiency. Experimental results showed that column packing height affects the liquid-side mass-transfer coefficient at the usual industrial-scale liquid and gas flow rates. This result agrees with theoretical analysis on stable liquid rivulet flow.


Procedures for designing runner of Kaplan water turbine based on the specific conditions in the water potential of the area to be placed, and assessed on the terms of the theoretical analysis and engineering. The main objective of this study was to determine the main characteristics of runners, namely suction head, water flow, and the hydraulic forces that occur when the turbine operates. Modern software for engineering such as computational fulid dynamics (CFD) is used to predict the flow of fluid passing through the runner and Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) to verify the design with Finite Element Analisys (FEA). Kaplan turbine runner is designed to place the suction head low and as an option for power generation in Galih Pakuan isolated from Ciwidey area and has not been electricity. The available head and flow rate for turbine are 8 m and 0,3 m3/sec in this site. The output power is 20kW estimated and turbine speed is 900 rpm, In designing blade, blade element theories are the main theories of blade parameter calculation. This paper selecting airfoil shape of the blade from Gottingen (GOE) series and modelling the exact airfoil geometry by using Airfoil.com software.


Background: Carefully constructed, high quality multiple choice questions can serve as effective tools to improve standard of teaching. This item analysis was performed to find the difficulty index, discrimination index and number of non functional distractors in single best response type questions. Methods: 40 single best response type questions with four options, each carrying one mark for the correct response, was taken for item analysis. There was no negative marking. The maximum marks was 40. Based on the scores, the evaluated answer scripts were arranged with the highest score on top and the least score at the bottom. Only the upper third and lower third were included. The response to each item was entered in Microsoft excel 2010. Difficulty index, Discrimination index and number of non functional distractors per item were calculated. Results: 40 multiple choice questions and 120 distractors were analysed in this study. 72.5% items were good with a difficulty index between 30%-70%. 25% items were difficult and 2.5% items were easy. 27.5% items showed excellent discrimination between high scoring and low scoring students. One item had a negative discrimination index (-0.1). There were 9 items with non functional distractors. Conclusions: This study emphasises the need for improving the quality of multiple choice questions. Hence repeated evaluation by item analysis and modification of non functional distractors may be performed to enhance standard of teaching in Pharmacology.


eighty-six jurors were sent the list of topics, fifty-eight in all, and asked to rate each topic on a five-point scale according to the degree of emphasis that the topic should be given. A similar questionnaire was sent to various small high schools throughout the United States, asking what attention was actually given the topics in their schools. For the purpose of this study, a small high school was defined as one enrolling fewer than two hundred students. In all, 228 high schools responded to the questionnaire. These schools are distributed throughout the country, with at least two in each of the forty-eight states. Table I lists the ratings of the jury and of the participating schools. Thus, it is possible to see how closely the schools represented by this widely distributed group are following the ideals, as determined by the jury of prominent educators, and also to discover the relative importance which the schools and the "experts" attach to various items. For example, in the first sec ion, "Attention to Basic Skills," the jury gave its highest rating (3-57) 458


This paper proposes a digital control system for a half-bridge boost rectifier, which composes the input stage of a single-phase transformerless double-conversion UPS. The proposed control system has an inner current loop and two outer voltage loops to maintain near unity input power factor and to regulate the dc bus voltages. The control loops operate with distinct sampling frequencies, so that current loop operates with high sampling frequency, and voltage loops operate with reduced sampling frequency and moving average filters to improve the dynamic response, without affecting the input power factor. Experimental results are included to demonstrate the performance of the closed-loop system.


China is the most populous country on the Earth.The problem of food security is a very important one.The international marketplace is shortage.It led to a severe lack of food and economic ruin in many areas.In china,the area of cultivated land reducing continually and the willing of tilling the land reducing will make the food security more confronted.The purpose of the article lies in analyzing the trouble and referring to the experience,expounding the important significance to ensure food safety.


Railways are currently being privatized in several countries worldwide. The process is also taking place in the Middle East. This article looks at the plans in Jordan and Saudi Arabia, where privatization not only presents opportunities for both local and international investors, but also envisages to benefit their respective local economies.


A spectrometer was built to examine the interstellar medium (ISM) using the hydrogen Balmerline. It is called Dual Etalon Fabry-Perot Optical Spectrometer (DEFPOS). DEFPOS will be coupled to coude exit of the 150 cm telescope (RTT150) installed at T¨ UBu National Observatory (TUG). DEFPOS was ready for observations about two years ago, but work was still con- tinuing on the RTT150 coude exit alignment. So we have started observing HII regions with DEFPOS without the RTT150. We present here some characteristics of the instrument and some of the results obtained. Interstellar medium (ISM) plays a fundamental role in the process of galactic evolution. This process involves a complex interplay between interstellar matter and stars. The stars are born from interstellar matter. During their lives, they deposit energy into the ISM in the form of electromagnetic radiation and stellar winds. When they die, they return some of their matter and energy back into the ISM. More massive stars do this in dramatic supernova events. The matter returned to the ISM is enriched with heavy elements produced by the nuclear burning in the stars' interior and in processes occurring during the explosions. This enriched ejecta becomes the material for future generations of stars which behave rather differently due to the presence of the metals. The process is not 100% efficient; someof the matter remains locked up forever in compact objects such as white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes. Therefore, the composition of a galaxy slowly proceeds from all ISM to no ISM. The chemical evolution of the galaxy results from this cycle of stellar birth, death, and enriched rebirth. The growth in the quantity of heavy elements allows, along the way, the possible formation of planets, rocks, and in at least one case living organisms (Reynolds 1997; Tufte 1997; Ferriere 2001). The main components of ISM have been identified, but the structure is still largely a mys- tery. The galaxy consists of primarily hydrogen (90%), some helium (10%), and only trace


Myanmar has peculiar conditions of deposit dollarization that were shaped by administrative controls. On the one hand, restrictive controls encouraged the accumulation of foreign currency deposits (FCD). On the other hand, foreign currency loans (FCL) were not practiced officially; therefore, FCD was not utilized for credit. Given the adverse effects and persistence of dollarization in other dollarized economies and the recent recovery of local currency deposits in Myanmar, this paper opts for the prohibition of FCL and offers policy measures for de-dollarization.


Objective To design an air purification system of household hyperbaric soft capsule which conforms to standard of medical breathing gas source.Method Based on the analysis of causes,harm and elimination measurements of common impurities in compressed air,the concrete implementation method to purify the air in the capsule is proposed.Results The system can fully meet the design requirements by debugging,operating and monitoring of various indicators.Conclusion The design is simple and efficient,and the system is stable,the high-pressure air can meet the standard of medical breathing gas source.


A fever, also known as a high temperature, is not caused by an illness. It's usually a symptom of an underlying condition, most often an infection. In children with fever, accompanying symptoms such as lethargy, fussiness, poor appetite, sore throat, ear pain, vomiting and diarrhea. Some parents think they should not go to the hospital when children get fever, because they will be ridiculed. As a first-aid solution, An Application of expert system (AExS) can help parents to identify fever caused by viral infection. It implements forward chaining as the technique of searching through rule-base system. Some programming code were also written in PHP for making deduction of new fact from rules in the knowledge base. The web based expert system enables user to diagnose the children's disease anytime and anywhere, just by accessing the internet. It is very interesting and has created considerable importance system to diagnose fever caused by viral infection. 


Liu Xizai is the famous calligraphy theoretician and calligraphy critic on later stage of middle period of Qing Dynasty. His discussion of books is in Yi Gai·Shu Gai and You Yi Yue Yan. Liu Xizai extremely paid attention to moral standing and set up standing for calligraphy according to moral standing, "Kuangjuan" and "Xiangyuan" are two standings. He admires the sages and men of virtue, advances "Kuangjuan" and attacks "Xiangyuan", thus form his step of theory. The theory of his "the book just likes its author" advises people insist the personal integrity, "moving well", "correcting one's mistakes".


Microstrip dual band bandpass filters using the capacitively loaded patch and short-circuited stub is presented. The proposed topology is occurred by adding short-circuited stub in the center of a main transmission line and square patches on both sides of the stub in two different forms. The bandwidth and modes of the both passbands are controlled by adjusting the parameters associated with the stub and patch, appropriately. Two different paths are used between the input and output ports to obtain two different filtering characteristics. The proposed circuits are fabricated and measured to demonstrate the experimental verification. The measured and simulated results exhibit good agreement.


From radiographs of the hand taken at the age of 2 years the lengths of nineteen bones were determined for each member of ninety‐nine sib pairs. An attempt was made to account for the variation of these lengths in terms of additive contributions from a general factor, group factors (one for each finger and one for each row) and special factors (one for each bone). The analytic model proved to be inadequate because of relatively high correlation between bones in the same neighbourhood, whether or not they belong to the same finger or row. Terminal phalanges were estimated to have a relatively low degree of integration with the hand as a whole and with stature, but a high degree of sib resemblance. A special study was made of the medial phalanx of the fifth finger, leading to the suggestion that this bone is involved in a common finger deformity because it is hyper‐responsive to general growth factors.


The motivations for deploying energy and spectral-efficient network architectures are the high energy consumption and the need for more spectral resources in modern cellular networks. The key method to solve the energy efficiency EE maximization problem of the downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based massive MIMO system is to decouple it into user pairing and efficient power allocation problems. This work studies the performance of three main pairing methods in NOMA-based networks: Hungarian, Gale–Shapley, and correlation-based approaches. Firstly, we provide a mathematical analysis for EE of downlink NOMA in a massive MIMO system for the non-line of sight (NLoS) channel model with perfect successive interference cancellation (SIC). Finally, the sequential convex programming (SCP) approach is used to tackle the power allocation problem. Simulation results show that the Hungarian algorithm for pairing plus SCP for power allocation (Hungarian algorithm-SCP) achieves the highest energy efficiency among all the three pairing algorithms with an identical performance to joint user and resource block association with power allocation (joint user-RB PA) algorithm but with much lower computational complexity and outperforms the NOMA SCP greedy algorithm (NOMA-SCP-GA).


Significance In Huntington disease (HD) gene carriers the disease-causing mutant Huntingtin (mHTT) is already present during early developmental stages, but, surprisingly, HD patients develop clinical symptoms only many years later. While a developmental role of Huntingtin has been described, so far new therapeutic approaches targeting those early neurodevelopmental processes are lacking. Here, we show that behavioral, cellular, and molecular changes associated with mHTT in the postnatal period of genetic animal models of HD can be reverted using low-dose treatment with a histone deacetylation inhibitor. Our findings support a neurodevelopmental basis for HD and provide proof of concept that pre-HD symptoms, including aberrant neuronal differentiation, are reversible by early therapeutic intervention in vivo. Huntington disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by expanded CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene (HTT). Although mutant HTT is expressed during embryonic development and throughout life, clinical HD usually manifests later in adulthood. A number of studies document neurodevelopmental changes associated with mutant HTT, but whether these are reversible under therapy remains unclear. Here, we identify very early behavioral, molecular, and cellular changes in preweaning transgenic HD rats and mice. Reduced ultrasonic vocalization, loss of prepulse inhibition, and increased risk taking are accompanied by disturbances of dopaminergic regulation in vivo, reduced neuronal differentiation capacity in subventricular zone stem/progenitor cells, and impaired neuronal and oligodendrocyte differentiation of mouse embryo-derived neural stem cells in vitro. Interventional treatment of this early phenotype with the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) LBH589 led to significant improvement in behavioral changes and markers of dopaminergic neurotransmission and complete reversal of aberrant neuronal differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Our data support the notion that neurodevelopmental changes contribute to the prodromal phase of HD and that early, presymptomatic intervention using HDACi may represent a promising novel treatment approach for HD.


It is argued here that Skinner adopts a moral point of view when defending the survival of cultures as the ultimate value in the order of discovery and as the first value in the order of generation of derived values. It is also argued which derived values function as criterion of choice of cultural practices, with the objective of promoting "the good of the culture", that is, its survival. Based on Skinner's and post-modern writers' critique the concept of human development is defined anew. It is suggested that, as a post-modern policy of identity, the concept of human development may be a value for directing cultural practices capable of promoting the survival of cultures. Or it may even become the main value in a culture of human rights.


In this paper we introduce a new stochastic greedy heuristic algorithm for the orienteering problem (OP) which is an NP-Hard combinatorial optimization graph problem. The goal of OP is to determine a Hamiltonian path that connects the specified source and target, includes a set of control points and achieves the best possible total collected score within the fixed time frame. This problem finds application in several fields like logistics, telecommunication networks, tourism industry etc. In each of these applications, it is necessary to provide a practical modelling and the best way to tackle this situation is to use incomplete graphs. However, most of the techniques available in the literature can only be applied on complete graphs. Unlike other algorithms, our algorithm can be applied on both complete and incomplete graphs. We have implemented our algorithm using four different selection procedures and evaluated their performance on standard benchmarks. We find that the algorithm works best with the roulette wheel selection.


Objective Develop an innovative method to purify biologically active recombinant protein.Methods Recombinant IL-4 expression plasmid pET-30a(+) was induced by IPTG and Ni-NTA agarose was used for the purification of recombinant protein.Biologic Duoflow Chromatography system was used for further purification.The purified protein was identified by Western Blot.Results Soluble recombinant IL-4 was purified using Ni-NTA agarose and Biologic Duoflow Chromatography.The protein was confirmed by Western Blot.Conclusion Active recombinant IL-4 can be purified by these two steps purification method.


Abstract
 Adult female and male sweetpotato weevils, Cylas formicarius (Fabricius), have repertories of at least 19 and 21 behavior patterns, respectively. These are described and named, including eight self-grooming patterns. Consistent with the species' slight sexual dimorphism, few behavior patterns are peculiar to one sex. The sequence of self-grooming movements is analyzed for each sex. Comparative assays of vagility and overall activity do not show any difference between the sexes.


A technique for qualitative identification and quantitative determination of micro quantities of ergot alkaloids has been developed. Using glass plates spread with a layer of silica gel G and a solvent system composed of benzene:dimethylformamide (13:2) or of ethyl acetate:dimethylformamide:ethanol (13:1.9:0.1), one can separate ergonovine, ergotamine, ergosine, ergocristine, and a mixed zone composed of ergocornine and ergokryptine. The mixed zone is removed from the plate, the alkaloids eluted with 10 per cent methanol in chloroform, and filtered or centrifuged to remove the silica gel. The eluant is evaporated, and the mixture of the alkaloids is dissolved in a standard volume of methanol-chloroform. The respotting of this solution on glass plates spread with a layer of aluminum oxide G and chromatographed with a solvent system composed of chloroform:ether:water (3:1:1) results in the separation of ergocornine and ergokryptine. These solvent systems can be utilized to separate the isomers of the six alkaloids with equal facility. The technique has been extended to the resolution and quantitative estimation of the alkaloids.


The Purpose of this study is to empirically examine the impact of various internal and external innovation activities of SMEs on their innovation...


English is the Language that be widely used in the world nowadays.It syncretized the vocabulary,grammar and the usage not only the languages of the Europe but also the whole world.In the study of words,it is important to know about the origin and growth of the vocabulary.The "language family" of English the makes us know the relationship of languages.Gradually,English has become an international language.


Anne Isaac from NATS was the first speaker, and she gave a fascinating presentation about 'Safety in Aviation: using D2D surveys', which was jointly authored by Graham Hill of Rybe. Anne talked about perception errors in air traffic control and fight deck safety, and how this was evaluated. She then went on to describe how this is addressed with Day 2 Day safety observations. The presentation became interactive, with Anne skilfully answering questions about the practical aspects of implementing this method into air traffic management.


Abstract Background Antimicrobial stewardship programs are needed to improve antimicrobial use among not only physicians but also dentists. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the decision of prescribing penicillin as first choice among dentists at clinics in Japan. Methods We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study of dental clinics in Japan between July and September 2020. Data on the following were collected using questionnaires: basic information, types of antimicrobials stocked, first-choice antimicrobials, and knowledge and practice of antimicrobial resistance and infectious endocarditis. Using logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the factors influencing penicillin prescription. Results Among the 1700 participating dental clinics, 342 dental clinics responded. The median age of the study cohort was 57 (49–65) years, and there were 298 (87.1%) men. The first choice of antimicrobials was third-generation cephalosporin (169 [49.4%]), followed by penicillin (103 [30.1%]) and macrolide (19 [5.6%]). In multivariate analysis, clinics with stocked penicillin (OR = 27.30 [95% CI: 12.04–63.00]) and with more than two dentists (OR = 0.48 [95% CI: 0.24–0.92]) were associated with penicillin use as first choice. Conclusion This is the first study investigating the factors influencing the decision of prescribing penicillin as first choice among dentists in Japan. Further studies evaluating the relationships between penicillin use as first choice and stocked penicillin in the clinic and the number of working dentists are needed. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures


Author: Simone Schneider Amaral Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Nilo Zanatta This work presents the synthesis of a series of 3-trifluormethyl(oxo)pyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles from the cyclocondensation reaction between 2amino-1H-benzimidazol and 4-alcoxy-1,1,1-trihalo-3-alquen-2-ones. The obtaintion of the 3-trifluormethyl-pyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles were regioespecific and the yields were, in general, very good. On the other hand, the synthesis of 3-oxo-pyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles were not always regioespecific. In such cases, two regiosiomers could be identified by NMR. From these reactions, three tetrahydropyrimidines were also isolated and identified. The derivatization of some 3-oxo-pyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles were achieved by alkylation of N-4, or even, by the bromination of position 2 in the 3,4-dihydro-3-oxo-pyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazol. Finaly, this study shows the evaluation of the antimicrobiane activity of compunds through bioautography essays. UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA MARIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM QUÍMICA Santa Maria february 15, 2005.


: In this work, a steady, incompressible Williamson fluid model is investigated in a porous wavy channel. This situation arises in the reabsorption of useful substances from the glomerular filtrate in the kidney. After 80% reabsorption, urine is left, which behaves like a thinning fluid. The laws of conservation of mass and momentum are used to model the physical problem. The analytical solution of the problem in terms of stream function is obtained by a regular perturbation expansion method. The asymptotic integration method for small wave amplitudes and the RK-Fehlberg method for pressure distribution has been used inside the channel. It is demonstrated that the forward flow becomes fast in the narrow region (at x = 0.75), which dominates the upward flow inside the channel. To study the impact of model parameters on outputs, we applied normalized local sensitivity analysis and noticed that the most influential parameter for the longitudinal velocity profile is the dimensionless wave amplitude. The reabsorption parameter is sensitive for transverse velocity in the narrow region, and the Weissenberg number has a strong effect on the pressure inside the channel. Further, the least sensitive parameters for the velocity components and pressure have been identified.


Between 1976 and 1981 many state legislatures debated and implemented programs to aid beginning farmers by subsidizing credit or giving tax incentives to landowners to sell or lease their land to young farmers. The interest in beginning farmer programs was in response to a public perception that starting a family farm was becoming increasingly difficult. This article describes the programs in Minnesota, Louisiana, Texas, North Dakota, Iowa, Georgia and Indiana; places the programs in the context of federal legislative and regulatory activity; and analyzes how well the legislation and implementation of the state programs fit the goal of reducing barriers to entry in agriculture. Disciplines Agribusiness | Economic Policy | Entrepreneurial and Small Business Operations | Other Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration This report is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/econ_las_staffpapers/58 Evaluation of State Legislative Programs to Assist Beginning Farmers


The Insel and Moos' Work Environment Scale was used to assess expectations ac the time of occupational entry and perceptions in training and on the job for 200 Navy enlisted men and 200 Navy enlisted women working in health care jobs. A comparison by sex of these variables showed that the men and women entered naval work environments with different expectations of what would be encountered, but that once they had experienced the actual psychosocial climate they tended to perceive both the training and job environments in a similar manner. An exception to this general finding indicated that Navy administrators may be using different techniques for supervising the behavior of men and women. Furthermore the men and women working in ward environments tended to perceive the psychosocial climate very differently in contrast to the less substantial sex differences found in psychosocial perceptions toward other paramedical work settings. A need for further research on the influence of sex differences on supervisor-subordinate relationships is noted.


The objective of this study was to assess spatial variability of Pinus taeda L. growth due to soil clay contents a function of the soil obtained from a detailed mapping, in the scale 1:10.000, in an area located in the municipality of Rio Negrinho, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Data on forestry growth was collected from plots of continuous forest inventory, obtained from a population growing on an area of 2.252,11 ha. Soil properties and Pinus taeda crop yields were analyzed through geoestatistical methods using semivariograms and interpolation by kriging and c okriging in order to obtain maps describing the attribute of main interest over the study region. Semivariograms were used to evaluated the spatial structure of the dendrometric property annual average increment (IMA) which is of primary interest and has shown stronger correlation with soil attributes. The comparison of the maps obtained by the uni and bivariate models suggests the latter provides a more detailed description of the main variable over the area, being the resolution dependent on the availability of data obtained geographically for the study.


The work is focused on the study of a supply chain related to short life-cycle products, that are goods produced and sold for a limited period of time like fashion goods, electronic devices, health care service and particular foodstuffs. The case study belongs to the last one category and regards a particular good produced by an important Italian food company, with several branches all over the world, operating in the field of snacks, biscuits and bread substitutes.

Currently the data in the simulation model are assumed by the authors due to a delay on the provision, but the real company data should be available, properly modified for reasons of confidentiality, for the extended version of the paper.

In the following sections a simulation model, implemented using the System Dynamics methodology, will be described. System Dynamics approach is suitable for complex dynamic systems like the one object of this work; this methodology considers in fact time delays and feedback loops, which heavily affect the system structure and behavior. The model has been implemented using one of the most known System Dynamics commercial software: Powersim Studio™, because of its flexibility and completeness, allowing also integration with databases, external files and ERP systems.

The aim of the simulation is to identify and focus on the criticalities along the supply chain in order to minimize the total costs and, consequently, maximizing the company profits. "What If" analysis have been carried out in order to show which is the best policy to adopt in terms - for instance - of safety stock or demand planning.

Moreover, the concepts of vulnerability and resiliency applied to these kinds of supply chains have been analyzed. After a short classification of threats and risks for supply chains, the case in which an environmental risk (an earthquake) occurs, striking the raw material supplier, is modeled and simulated with the System Dynamics methodology. The obtained results show that with a more resilient supply chain, characterized by the procurement from two different suppliers (instead on only one) located in different geographical areas, business continuity is guaranteed even in the case of a natural catastrophe.


M any photosynthetic microbes move in response to light. For example, the single-celled green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii swims towardmoderate light to photosynthesize and away from intense light to avoid damage. Two longstanding questions about this light response regard how light-seeking cells move in a light-intensity gradient and whether this motion depends on cell concentration. Now, Aina Ramamonjy and colleagues at the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) and the University of Paris have


A literature review has shown that there is no software or model for simulation available for the aerobic and anaerobic degradation process for organic mixtures. The new software, SimuCF, can simulate the complex processes of aerobic, anaerobic, and combined treatments of organics such as waste with biogenic shares. This simulation software can be used to help answer energyand emission-related questions in waste management facilities. This software can also be used for training courses.


(57) ABSTRACT A 5D printer, which additively manufactures an object, includes an extruder that can move linearly along three orthogonal axes and rotationally around at least one of the axes with respect to the object while depositing a material. A gantry is movable along X, Y and Z axes, and a trunnion table movable about A and Baxes is mounted on the gantry. A platen is mounted on the trunnion table, and the extruder deposits the material on the platen while moving the gantry and trunnion table. A model of the object is analyzed to produce a stress tensor for the object, and the depositing is according to the stress tensor.


In the endoscope system (1), the endoscope (2) includes: an optical cable (27); an optical cable (27a ~ 27c), which includes an optical connector portion (29a ~ 29c); and a dividing portion (28 ), by which the optical cable (27) dividing the optical signal inputted to the light transmission cables (27a ~ 27c) in the at least one optical cable, the processing means (3) comprising: an optical cable (32a ~ 32c), which includes an optical connector portion (31a ~ 31c); binding unit (33), which can be combined by the optical signal transmission optical cable (32a ~ 32c); an optical cable (32), in conjunction with its transmission (33) input an optical signal; and an abnormality detecting section (35), which is based on the amount of light by the light signal cable (32) to detect the information transmitted between the optical connection portion (29a ~ 29c) and the optical connection portion (31a ~ 31c) of whether the abnormal connection status.


In order to improve video delivery, an Enhanced Explicit Port Forwarding (EEPF) solution is proposed. Data are divided into ordinary packets and video packets using a packet identification mechanism. Traditional mechanisms transmit packets through routing table lookup. As the size of the routing table often becomes excessively large, this lookup can be time-consuming. While the EEPF solution directly includes the transmission path in the video packet, which can reduce the transmission time. And by setting header flags/fields in video packets, the transmission can be further optimized. For example, to reduce the amount of duplicate data to be transmitted for broadcast packets are not replicated until they arrive at the destination switch; to avoid packet loss caused by disconnection, the transmission path can be monitored and rerouting can be initiated immediately in the event of disconnection; to increase the chance of successful delivery, packets can be replicated before they are transmitted via a path with high packet loss risk; and to prevent video packets from being discarded, the switch queue status can be monitored and managed. The testing results have shown that the EEPF solution can effectively shorten the time of video packet transmission and improve the quality of transmitted video.


The tea mosquito bug (Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse) and red spider mite (Oligonychus coffeae Nietner) are the two major pests of tea (Camellia sinensis L.). Their intensity of infestation was increasing day by day in an alarming proportion and increasing resistance to pesticides constitutes a serious problem in North Bengal tea plantations, India. One of the insecticide resistance manage- ment strategies is the use of chemicals that can effectively control the pest in the initial life stage (egg stage). However most of the earlier studies were done to control the mobile stages of H. theivora and O. coffeae. The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of acaricides/insecticides in killing its eggs. On the basis of LC 50 values, the descending order of ovicidal toxicity of different commonly used insecticides to H. theivora eggs were: etofenprox, β-cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, imidacloprid, fenpropathrin, λ-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, profenofos, monocrotophos, thiomethoxam, alphamethrin, dimethoate, quinalphos, chlorpyriphos, oxy- demeton methyl, acephate, azadirachtin and endosulfan. In case of O. coffeae eggs the lowest LC 50 value was determined for fenaza- quin, which was followed by profenophos, propargite, fenpropathrin, ethion, dicofol, abamectin and finally by azadirachtin. The data obtained in the present study may be used as a tool of IRM (integrated resistance management) strategies that can effectively control the pests in the initial stage itself (egg stage).


Through the thermodynamic analysis of hot metal desulphurization by magnesium-based agents,it is believed that the desulfurization effect of hot metal by using magnesium cored wire is much better than other desulfurization methods.Moreover the considerable economical benefits can be achieved by using magnesium cored wire.Hence,it will become the first choice for the new build and rebuild desulfurization facilities in China.


We have conducted an empirical study of a number of computer security exploits and determined that the rates at which incidents involving the exploit are reported to CERT can be modeled using a common mathematical framework. Data associated with three significant exploits involving vulnerabilities in phf, imap, and bind can all be modeled using the formula C=I+S/spl times//spl radic/M where C is the cumulative count of reported incidents, M is the time since the start of the exploit cycle, and I and S are the regression coefficients determined by analysis of the incident report data. Further analysis of two additional exploits involving vulnerabilities in mountd and statd confirm the model. We believe that the models will aid in predicting the severity of subsequent vulnerability exploitations, based on the rate of early incident reports.


Aim To give the suggestion for protecting oil reservoir and enhancing recovery efficiency.Methods Using real standstone model to investigate the water sensitivity damage on Mubo Yan 10 reservoir, and to discuss the damage factors.Results In Mubo Yan 10 reservoir, the clay minerals content is 4.4%~11%, illite is the mainly clay mineral, kaolinite and illite/smectite mixed layer are the secondary clay minerals, the chlorite is little. It also causes the water sensitivity damage and velocity sensitivity damage of reservoir because of the clay minerals expansion scatter and movement. The water sensitivity is moderated by using the actual injected water, the water sensitive damage will be reduced when the injected water's salinity is increased and its salinity is reduced gradually. According to the experiments the suitable salinity of injected water is 5~10 g/L. Conclusion Sensitive damage should not be the ignored factor causing high injected pressure and low injection rate. For reducing sensitive damage the injected water salinity should be higher than 5~10 g/L.


In this paper, we present an experimental study focused on the characterization of a dual input Doherty Power Amplifier (DPA). A calibrated set-up is used for an accurate characterization of a DPA demonstrator and the study of several input driving conditions. A demonstrator PA which uses two packaged 10-W GaN HEMT from Wolfspeed was fabricated. Measurements obtained for several driving conditions (power levels and relative phase differences) show Drain Efficiency (DE) performances of DE≈55% at 6-dB Output Back Off (OBO) and DE≈60% at 20-W saturated power over a 2.1-2.6 GHz bandwidth. The main focus of the paper concerns the trade-off between efficiency and power gain shape versus output power that can be obtained with dual input architectures and input signal driving conditions.


PURPOSE: A production method of a differential assembly is provided to increase the flexibility about a net-shaped gear design of the differential assembly and to reduce the production costs. CONSTITUTION: A differential assembly comprises a case(70), a tube type base material, many pinion gears(88) and many side gears(82,86). The pinion gears are combined with the case to be rotatable. The side gears are combined with the case to be rotatable. The side gears are geared with the pinion gears respectively. At least one among the pinion gears and the side gears contain the tube type base material. Thereby, the differential assembly are produced with the lost costs and the high efficiency by eliminating a carburizing process.


In the study of graph embeddings, there is particular interest in small embeddings and in bounds on the minimum number of vertices that must be added in order to achieve an embedding of a particular design. We introduce two new terms, defining a natural approach to the bounding question. A simple graph G is a bounded complete embedding graph if and only if there is some positive integer b such that, for every n ∈ P such that a complete Gdesign of order n exists, every complete G-design of order n can be embedded in a complete G-design of order n + x, for some positive integer x such that x ≤ b. A simple graph G is a bounded embedding graph if and only if there is some positive integer c such that, for every positive integer n, every partial G-design of order n can be embedded in a complete G-design of order n+ x, for some positive integer x such that x ≤ c. By definition, every bounded embedding graph is a bounded complete embedding graph; we show that the converse of this fact is false, and that all bounded complete embedding graphs are bipartite. We identify results in the literature that provide, as immediate corollaries, the following results: that k-stars are bounded embedding graphs, that 3-paths are bounded embedding graphs, and that even cycles are bounded complete embedding graphs. We establish that paths and complete bipartite graphs are bounded complete embedding graphs. We show that all simple bipartite graphs G that have 2 edges (for some positive integer t), have all vertices of even degree, and admit a β-labeling, are bounded complete embedding graphs. We show that the graph C 2k, consisting of p vertex-disjoint 2k-cycles, is a bounded complete embedding graph if p = 2, for some positive integer t, or if 2 ≤ p ≤ 128 and 2 ≤ k ≤ 128. These results on the graph C 2k and the supporting constructions comprise a major portion of our work. We produce two constructions of C 2k-designs on complete


The B2O3/MCM-41 material was prepared by the solution-grafting method, using tri-butyl borate as boron source. DTA, XRD, FTIR, XPS and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms were employed to characterize the synthesized materials. The results show that boron specie separates out and exists as cubic B2O3 after calcining at 400癈. The trigonal BO3 is as the basic coordinated unit in B2O3/MCM-41. The solution-grafting and following calcination have little effect on the structure of MCM-41 host.


The Office of International Students & Scholars offers daily English Conversation Groups at the International Center for international students, scholars and their spouses and partners who wish to gain further experience speaking English as a foreign language. Join one or more of the groups, Monday Friday, 12:30pm 1:30pm, International Center/OISS, 421 Temple Street. Open to all with no registration required. English Conversation Groups will run in the spring semester from Tuesday, January 21 through Thursday, May 7.


INCREASING ATTENTION is being paid to the extraction of auxin2 from the tissues of higher plants, particularly as regards reliability and yield in relation to various extraction procedures. A comparative study of eight different methods of auxin extraction from maize endosperm has been reported (Avery, Creighton and Shalucha, 1940), the methods dealt with being those formulated in the preceding five years by several different workers. From the standpoint of auxin yield per unit weight of tissue, two of the methods were outstanding: (1) successive extractions of the same batch of tissue with several different solvents (alcohol-chloroform-water), referred to as a multisolvent method; (2) extraction with water alone as a solvent. Our object at this time is to report further studies on these two methods for hormone extraction of maize endosperm. Yields have been increased to twenty times those previously reported from this laboratory. MATERIALS AND METHODS.-For reasons pointed out in the previous report, endosperms of maize (Zea mays L. var. Canada Flint3) are again used for auxin extraction studies. Skoog's (1937) "deseeded" Avena test method was used for auxin assays, the test schedule used already having appeared in publications of this laboratory. Agar block size (10 cmm.), units used, etc., are discussed in detail by Avery, Creighton and Shalucha (1941). The Avena test laboratory was maintained at 250C., 85-90 per cent relative humidity, and lighted only with phototropically inactive light. All yields4 are expressed on the basis of air-dry endosperm (ca. 9 per cent moisture) in terms of TDC/gm. The TDC unit has been used through1 Received for publication March 1, 1941. 2 In this paper, any compound which causes curvatures away from the applied agar block in the Avena test, is considered an "auxin." 3 Courtesy of Dr. Ralph Singleton, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station. 4 TDC=total degrees curvature in the "deseeded" Avena test method, and is calculated from the expression CX lbOX V w


........................................................................................................................ i Table of contents........................................................................................................... ii List of Tables and Figures ............................................................................................ vi Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. vii Acknowledgements .................................................................................................... viii Chapter One: Introduction ............................................................................................. 1 1.1. Chapter One Overview ................................................................................... 1 1.2. Current context in the NHS ............................................................................. 1 1.2.1. Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) ............................. 3 1.3. Increased interest in wellbeing ........................................................................ 4 1.4. My personal interest in the topic ..................................................................... 5 1.5. Positioning and terminology ........................................................................... 6 1.6. Literature review............................................................................................. 7 1.6.1. Literature search ...................................................................................... 7 1.6.2. Definitions of wellbeing in the literature .................................................. 7 1.6.3. Research in wellbeing ............................................................................ 10 1.6.4. Limitations in the available research ...................................................... 20 1.7. Rationale for the study and relevance to Counselling Psychology ................. 22 1.8. Aim of this Research ..................................................................................... 23 1.9. Research questions........................................................................................ 24 Chapter Two: Methodology ........................................................................................ 25 2.1 Chapter Two Overview ...................................................................................... 25 2.2. Positioning of the research: Epistemological and ontological considerations ..... 25 2.3. Methods and Research Design .......................................................................... 28 2.3.1 Rationale for using Foucauldian Discourse Analysis (FDA) ........................ 28 2.3.2 Foucauldian Discourse Analysis .................................................................. 29


This paper presents an analysis of performance improvement of two CFD codes, the structured two-dimensional code GHOST and the unstructured two-/three-dimensional code UNCLE, both in-house codes at the University of Kentucky, with the specific target of cache performance optimization. The primary technique of choice is the blocking of data arrays, either within specific subroutines or of the computational grid as a whole. Both methods have produced significant improvements in performance without compromising accuracy. More advanced 64-bit commodity hardware reduces some of the relative gain from blocking due to its improved bandwidth and memory structure, but significant gains in performance are still seen. This study suggests that as cache sizes continue to increase, blocking may prove a general useful tool for accelerating CFD code performance.


Adequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation is fundamental for a safe anesthesia practice in congenital cardiac surgery. Despite the significant decrease in mortality after congenital cardiac surgery, the incidence of neurological complications still range between 2% and 25%. Technological improvements led to the development of many non-invasive but continuous monitoring methods. The close watching of hemodynamic and neurophysiological changes can give us the chance to early intervention of conditions like decreased cardiac output, hypoxemia and hypoperfusion. The aim of this review is to discuss the use and safety of new monitoring techniques that are taking more and more part in anesthesia practice each day and their effects on postoperative outcome.


The present text is part of an ongoing research that has as objective to comprehend the constructed representations by the inhabitants of the community Boi Branco in Iati-PE surrounding the rock drawings that are found situated on the proximities of the old experimental farm known by the same name. It is an agrarian settlement of the, previously, homeless people, established by INCRA. The specific article of the present study is related to the symbolic questions on the religious field in the process of interpretation of the rock pictures.


Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DFSP) carries a translocation resulting in the COL1A1/PDGFB fusion‐gene, responsible for platelet derived growth factor beta receptor (PDGFRB) activation. Fibrosarcomatous (FS) transformation in DFSP rarely occur. The fusion‐gene and PDGFRB expression/activation pattern and imatinib role in DFSP‐derived FS is less defined. We reviewed all consecutive patients operated for localized DFSP at our institution from 1994 to 2009, selecting cases with FS component. We also reviewed patients treated with imatinib for advanced FS‐DFSP over the same period. When cryopreserved material was available, biochemical/molecular analyses were performed. Of 275 DFSPs, 13 (4.7%) showed a FS component. Fifteen percent of these patients developed metastases, one to the brain. Four patients with DFSP‐derived FS received imatinib, with a Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor Partial Response. Response was followed by early secondary progression in two. One died for brain metastases. Three patients underwent surgery after imatinib. The fusion‐gene was detected in all cases in both the classical and FS component, before and after imatinib. PDGFRB expression/activation was confirmed in all cases. mTOR was switched‐off, despite the phosphorylation of its effectors. However, a strong phosphorylation of S6 and 4EBP1 was restricted to the FS component. In conclusion, DFSP‐derived FS maintains the fusion‐gene, being sensitive to imatinib. However, responses are short‐lasting. Secondary resistance to imatinib is not related to PDGFRB.


Abstract The interpretation of stone tool assemblages is difficult. How can provisioning choices, travel, and technological organization, when combined with the vagaries of use, discard, deposition, and preservation, be identified through material remains? The choice of lithic raw material sources in the past depended on many factors. The distance from source to site, often mentioned in archaeological studies, can be misleading if simple distance is measured as if the world is a flat sheet extending in all directions. The transportation of raw materials requires physical effort and effort expenditure depends not only on distance but also on topography, so the choice of a raw material in the past may have been influenced by the relative terrain difficulty around different sources. Calculation of the energy required to walk from several lithic sources to two Middle Palaeolithic archaeological sites in southern France, when contrasted with the use of the raw materials from each source, demonstrates that terrain difficulty needs to be taken into account to understand past behavior.


: Increasing the ambient temperature beyond the comfortable temperature zone range for chickens causes stress heat in poultry, resulting in a decrease in chicken productivity. The current study assesses of the bioinformatics on the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database as well as expected the physicochemical of Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70)in chicken ( Gallus gallus domesticus ). Several parameters of physicochemical HSP70-mRNA in chicken ( G. gallus domesticus ) were varied among the genes observed. There is eight HSP70 induced from chicken ( G. gallus domesticus ) deposited in NCBI. The length of the genes was alternated with the genes ascertained. Several lines of coded protein were 273 to 652 amino acid. The mitochondria target peptide value diversified from 0.010 to 0.309, signifying that it is expected to be a presence. The present result indicated the prominence of the variation and role of a physical and chemical characteristic of the distinct amino acids in protein dehydration genes as extreme climate stress in chicken. The NCBI online available overall suite of online resources can be accessed for biological information the data, including the PubMed database and additional NCBI resources, focus on literature for Identification HSP70 Gene in G. gallus domesticus results detected in 8 databases. The literature contained, 34 PubMed, 1 RefSeq transcripts, and 1 RefSeq proteins.(cid:10) form cystines Extinction coefficient-ar assuming Cys residues


Abstract: In previous studies we have identified Ser502, Ser528, and Ser534 as target sites in chicken neurofilament middle molecular mass protein (NF‐M) for casein kinase I (CKI) in vitro and have shown that these sites are also phosphorylated in vivo. We now make use of a combination of molecular biological and protein chemical techniques to show that two additional in vivo phosphorylation sites in chicken NF‐M, Ser464 and Ser471, can also be phosphorylated by CKI in vitro. These two sites are conserved in higher vertebrate NF‐M molecules, and recombinant protein constructs containing the homologous rat NF‐M peptides can be phosphorylated by CKI in vitro, suggesting that phosphorylation of these sites is conserved at least in higher vertebrates. The two new sites are adjacent to a conserved peptide sequence (VEE‐IIEET‐V) found once in higher vertebrate NF‐M molecules and twice in lamprey NF‐180. Variants of this sequence are also found in neurofilament low and high molecular mass proteins (NF‐L and NF‐H) and α‐internexin, and in mammalian NF‐L are known to be associated with in vivo phosphorylation sites. We speculate that CKI phosphorylation in general, and these sites in particular, may be important in neurofilament function.


While regional incentive programmes attract high attention in the regional policy debate, less attention is devoted towards municipal transfer systems. Nevertheless, these systems will in many countries redistribute more financial resources between regions than the more narrowly defined regional policy programmes. The municipal transfer systems are described briefly for the 5 Nordic countries. The systems are normally based on two pillars, one intending to equalise differences in local income potentials, and one to compensate for differences in the needs for public services. Especially for the last mentioned pillar, it differs between the countries to what extent credit is given to regional policy elements (i.e. periperiality, weak industrial and employment structure, weak demographic perspectives etc.). Also the level of equalisation ambitions differ between the countries. As a genereral tendency, high ambitions tend to gain those areas being targeted in the regional policy, while low ambitions tend to gain the more central areas. The paper ends up in a description on the regional distribution effect of the programmes. The mix between implicit and explicit regional policy elements is discussed on a comparative perspective.


Substantive antitrust law has spread around the world. This has been a rather amazing turn of events in our post-cold war era, with more than 100 jurisdictions now claiming some form of antitrust legislation. Even though there is no global treaty framework for antitrust (similar, for example, to the TRIPs agreement for intellectual property), there does now appear to be broad international consensus on the basic principles of competition policy.Substantive antitrust law may be one of the United States' more popular legal exports, but how does the rest of the world view two very important remedy aspects of the U.S. antitrust enforcement system, private treble-damages suits for antitrust violations and incarceration of antitrust violators? As is well known, in the United States we take your money and your life. Conventional wisdom is that other countries do not.This paper argues that not only are these two remedies in fact good exports, but that non-U.S. jurisdictions are increasingly coming to accept them, as shown in a study presented in this chapter. This trend should not be surprising because the policy arguments in their favor make good sense.The paper begins with a discussion of the history of the acceptance of these remedies in the United States. The next part presents a study focused on thirteen enforcing jurisdictions, representing a cross-section of large and small economies located in different parts of the world, examining the spread of these remedies. The paper concludes with an assessment of the wisdom of adopting the two remedies, not only in the jurisdictions covered in the study but also in other jurisdictions.A later version of this paper appears as a chapter in Competition Law and Development (D. Daniel Sokol, Thomas K. Cheng, and Ioannis Lianos, eds.) (Stanford Univ. Press 2013).


Injection of a weak CW laser beam in a Q-switched AlGaAs laser diode with a fast saturable absorber is shown to produce powerful single-mode picosecond pulses at 0.82μm. The saturable absorber regions are obtained by deep implantation of heavy ions through the diode facets. Single-mode operation is achieved with CW injection powers as low as 50μW. Peak powers exceeding 1.5W are detected at the laser output. A time-resolved spectroscopy of the laser pulses reveals an overall downchirp of 1.5nm.


Polyp segmentation is of great importance for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. However, it is difficult to segment polyps accurately due to a large number of tiny polyps and the low contrast between polyps and the surrounding mucosa. To address this issue, we design an Adaptive Tiny-object Enhanced Network (ATENet) for tiny polyp segmentation. The proposed ATENet has two advantages: First, we design an adaptive tiny-object encoder containing three parallel branches, which can effectively extract the shape and position features of tiny polyps and thus improve the segmentation accuracy of tiny polyps. Second, we design a simple enhanced feature decoder, which can not only suppress the background noise of feature maps, but also supplement the detail information to improve further the polyp segmentation accuracy. Extensive experiments on three benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed ATENet can achieve the state-of-the-art performance while maintaining low computational complexity.


A novel application of a highly sensitive biosensor based on long-period fiber gratings (LPFG) coated with microporous polyelectrolyte coating for Gram-negative bacteria detection was investigated. The uniform microporous coating with large surface area was fabricated with weak polyelectrolytes poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly, followed by a brief exposure to acidic aqueous solutions at pH=4. The diameter of the micropores could be adjusted in a wide range by thermal treatment and ionic etching. The effect of pore size and surface topography on bacteria adhesion was examinged. Optofluidic LPFG platform for real-time monitoring of the bacteria binding/ adhesion in a flowing condition was investigated by measuring the spectral shift in the resonance wavelength. The coated LPFG platform was further functionalized with covalently immobilized bacteria antibody for specific bacterial detection with a concentration as low as 104 CFU/ml. Comparing with the widely used biosensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), no moving part or metal deposition is required in our biosensor, making it highly sensitive, accurate, compact and cost effective.


Ivo Kurtovic (1910-1970), architect, professor of the Faculty of Architecture in Belgrade and painter, is one of the most important Serbian architects in the post-WWII period. He belonged to the middle generation of post-war architects who, working at the leading design offices, carried out major post-war reconstruction and construction projects. Along with his colleagues such as Milorad Pantic and Milorad Macura, he was among the first to introduce the ideas of the world's greats to the domestic environment. Kurtovic's buildings can be seen throughout Serbia: Novi Sad, Kladovo Despotovac, Zemun, Trepca; and in Croatia: the town of Hvar and Split, but most are in Belgrade. His Belgrade works reflect the evolution of his architecture from the late 1940s and show all its essential features. Upon his return from the refugee camp at El Shatt in Egypt (1944-45), where he taught at the Secondary Technical School, Kurtovic became actively engaged in rebuilding war-shattered Serbia. The designs created during some thirty-five years of his career include residential, educational, commercial and cultural buildings, railway stations, airports and interiors. Born in Dalmatia, he espoused the essential features of Mediterranean architecture, such as classical proportions or a central space that organizes the enclosing arrangement, and held on to them throughout his career. He was open to developments on the international architectural scene and ready to embrace progressive ideas: international functionalism in the 1930s, the floating house concept in the 1940s, brutalism and the vernacular house concept in the latter half of the 1960s. Distinctive qualities of his work are his skilful incorporation of a new building into the existing architectural setting and his creative combinations of traditional and modern principles. Both in architecture and in painting, he searched for one thing: the meaning of the relationship between man and space, objects and nature. Illness interrupted Kurtovic's career at its peak, but he nonetheless left a rich, multilayered and valuable architectural oeuvre which had a considerable impact on Serbian architecture in the 1950s, 60s and 70s. His last work - National Library of Serbia - heralded the advent of postmodernism in Serbia.


Abstract McTigue and others (1985) identified a possible problem in the type of constitutive equation usually used for modeling the creep behaviour of polycrystalline ice. They pointed out that Glen's flow law necessarily excludes the consideration of normal stress effects, which are of great significance in other disciplines that consider non-Newtonian fluids. Using the second-order fluid (with material parameters evaluated from laboratory data) as a tentative model for ice, they reached the conclusion that normal stress effects may be discernible in natural glacier flow. But, as noted by McTigue and others, the second-order fluid "fails to represent the non-linear rate dependence of ice in shear"; therefore it is in fact not a suitable constitutive model for glacier ice in shearing flow. In this note, parallel to what McTigue and others did for the second-order fluid, we present a similar analysis for (I) the modified second-order fluid and (II) the power-law fluid of grade 2, both of which are constitutive models recently proposed by Man as a tentative generalization of Glen's flow law. Both models (I) and (II) can represent normal stress effects, and both agree with Glen's flow law in the prediction of the depth profile of velocity in the steady laminar flow of glaciers. For ease of comparison, the same creep data of McTigue and others are used in quantifying the material parameters in these two models. Both models (I) and (II) predict far less pronounced normal stress effects in glaciers than those estimated by McTigue and others (whose data analysis in fact suffered from inconsistencies and over-parameterization).


The emotional strategy is a hot topic in the research of English teaching in recent years,however,it is almost neglected in English teaching for visually impaired students. With the change of the national education strategy,visually impaired students,a special group,have also entered into higher education,thus this study becomes a problem to be solved,which could be a breakthrough point,this paper analyzes visually impaired students' emotional English learning strategies. Hopefully,it can be helpful for visually impaired students' education research.


Sixteen patients with hepatocellular carcinoma had duplex pulsed Doppler scanning of the portal thrombus and comparative angiography. Fifteen patients demonstrated detectable Doppler signals from the thrombus. The Doppler signals were corroborated by the "thread‐and‐streaks" sign on angiography in eight patients. This suggests that signals come from tumor vessels within the thrombus. Therefore, the presence of Doppler signals in the thrombotic portal venous system is not only due to partial obstruction of the lumen. Tumor thrombus from hepatocellular carcinoma must be considered, especially when the detectable signals are pulsatile waves.


Two old conceptions on the development of the human lung, one of 'stem and branch', and the other of 'eparterial', do not seem to be reasonable to the present author. The lingual segment of the upper


According to the requirements of the theory of "3 Representations", the CPC Committee of Zhanjiang Normal College took a series of effective actions, and endeavored to improve the theoretical and professional qualities of the contingent of cadres, therefore formed the favorable system of the building of the contingent of Cadres. It supplied the reformation and development of Zhanjiang Normal College with strong political and organization guarantee.


CONTENTS Acknowledgments vii Preface ix Acronyms xi What Is This Book About? xiii 1 " Die Geld is Op" - Storytelling, Business and Development Strategies 1 Keyan G. Tomaselli 2 Making Sense of the Indigenous: Who's Looking at Whom? 17 Keyan G. Tomaselli 3 Research Phases: What Have We Been Doing? 29 Keyan G. Tomaselli 4 Research, Method and Position: What Are We Doing? 53 Nyasha Mboti 5 Shifting Representations of the Bushmen 71 Kate Finlay and Shanade Barnabas 6 Intercultural Encounters: The Kalahari and The Zulu 85 Alexandra von Stauss 7 Staging Authenticity Via Cultural Tourism: A Visitation of Spirits 99 Jeffrey Sehume 8 Place, Representation and Myth 109 Keyan G. Tomaselli 9 Action (Marketing) Research and Paradigms in Partnership: A Critical Analysis of !Xaus Lodge 119 Lauren Dyll-Myklebust and Kate Finlay 10 Why is our Voice Not Being Heard by Developers? Development as Empowerment 137 Vanessa McLennan-Dodd and Shanade Barnabas 11 Developmental and Cultural Conceptions - A Matter of Injustice 147 Brilliant Mhlanga 12 The !Xaus Lodge Experience: Matters Arising 163 Keyan G. Tomaselli 13 Public-Private-Community Partnership Model for Participatory Lodge (Tourism) Development 179 Lauren Dyll-Myklebust Notes on Authors 215 References 217 Index 233


Lindenmayer-systems (L-systems), a formal grammar of symbols and replacement rules, have been used to model plants and create fractal images and musical output depending on the L-system interpreter used. An L-system variant called a Circular L-system (CL-system) adds the capability of receiving numerical data input and providing a musical response in real time. The project described in this paper uses a CL-system to produce a population of musical outputs (compositions) that are optimized by a human-in-the-loop evolutionary algorithm to create an improved composition. The fitness function for this process is the musical taste of the user guided by several musical principles.


For long years, Baltic cities and Kobe city had strong relationship at administrative aspect and academic aspect. Recent several years, the relationship has been recognized again and started cooperative activities again. And there are some cooperative plans in future. In this paper, authors would like to explain history and starting/restarting chance of relationship between Baltic university and Kobe University, cooperative activities in recent years, and cooperative activities at now and in future. DOI: 10.3846/baltgraf.2015.020


Based on the statistics from 2001 to 2009 in Hebei,taking the per capita income of the farmers as research indicators,136 counties as study units,and regional development theory as theoretical basis,this paper analyzes the variation characteristics of the rural regional income in Hebei.It is found that the disparity of the rural regional income in Hebei Province is seemed to enlarge,and this phenomenon is closely related with the national macro policy.Income structure,industrial structure,geographical location,technology and education are the decisive factors that influence the rural regional income.In the end,this article finds that the rural regional income greatly relys on the primary industry,and the effective way to improve the rural regional income is to vigorously develop agriculture.


Tactile sensors typically have elastic covers for reducing the impact of objects that make contact with the sensor. However, elastic covers decrease the spatial resolution of the sensor because of their low-pass spatial filtering characteristics, which vary based on the stiffness of each cover. Therefore, we propose a tactile sensor that uses shape-memory polymer (SMP) with stiffness that varies based on temperature. SMPs can be deformed above their glass transition temperature ( T g ) upon application of a small load. The reversible change in the elastic modulus between the glassy and rubbery states of an SMP can be on the order of several hundred-fold. These characteristics can be exploited to alter the spatial resolution and the rigidity of the sensor surface by adjusting the temperature of the SMP. In this study, a prototype sensor was fabricated using an SMP sheet with embedded electrical heating wires, and its fundamental performance was evaluated. The experimental re-sults of a preliminary proof-of-concept investigation conducted using the prototype confirm the feasibility of the proposed sensor. Moreover, using a 4 × 4 array of pressure sensors, it was possible to distinguish the shape of the object placed on the sensor above and below T g . The center of pressure applied on the prototype sensor could be measured by a developed program. In addition, we evaluated the control of the position of an object on the robot arm utilizing the prototype sensor attached on the arm. We could hold the constant position of the object on the sensor, although it took a longer time to stabilize the object above T g because of the deformation of the SMP.


Earned Schedule (ES) forecasting of project duration has been researched over several years. Overwhelmingly, in comparison to other EVM-based methods, ES has been affirmed to be better. However, the testing results from a study, which employed simulation techniques, indicated there were conditions in which ES performed poorly. These results create skepticism as to the reliability of ES forecasting. This paper examines that study, focusing on the unfavorable results. The analysis put forth indicates ES forecasting to be more reliable than portrayed by the study and is enhanced by the application of the longest path method.


ONE often sees reference to the onrushing tidal wave of student population in American education. This wave is a reflection of unprecedented gains in the general population during and since World War II. It has evidenced itself, thus far, at the elementary and secondary school levels. And in the end we must expect that it will engulf even the esoteric world of the college and university. Comprehensive planning to meet this eventuality is actively afoot throughout the land. This is as it should and must


Energy consumption and dissipation in TT,BJH and VDR models with the "slow-to-start" rule were studied.The new formulas of energy consumption and dissipation were presented,and the energy consumption was investigated.Numerical results showed that the energy consumption caused by acceleration of vehicles was equal to the energy consumption caused by deceleration of vehicles and the energy consumption and dissipation were related with the initial condition and the rules of traffic.


Conotoxin GVIA (w-conotoxin) is a venom peptide purified from the fisheating marine mollusc Conus geographus,°) "0> and its amino acid sequence has already been described.°> The effect of w-conotoxin has been shown to be due to its inhibition of the Ca2+ influx of the presynaptic nerve terminal.} Recently, this polypeptide toxin was synthesized by Peptide Institute, Protein Research Foundation (Minoo, Japan) . Since there is a possibility that the tertiary structures of synthetic and natural w-conotoxin are different, it is worth to check the potency of the synthetic w-conotoxin. In the present investigation, we studied the effects of synthetic w-conotoxin on the frog neuromuscular junction, and observed that the synthetic toxin also has strong inhibitory effects on the transmitter release as does purified natural toxin. Cutaneus pectoris and sartorLus nerve-muscle preparations isolated from the frogs, Rana catesbeiana and Ran nigromaculata were used. The conventional intracellular recording technique was employed for measurements of the endplate potential (EPP). A digital memory/laboratory microcomputer was routinely used for analysis of the mean quantal content (m) and quantal height (q), by means of the variance method.3~ For analysis of m and q, the transmitter release was reduced by adding 2 mM MgC12;. Alternatively, d-tubocurarine was used for measurement of the time course of w-conotoxin block. The concentrations of d-tubocurarine were 0.8-1.6, 3.8-6.4, 6.4 and 8.0-9.9 μM for 0.9, 2.7, 6.0 and 10 mM Ca2+ Ringer's solution, respectively. For measurements of directly evoked EPP, muscle preparations were exposed to 1μM tetrodotoxin. The EPP was triggered by application of an electrical pulse with an extracellular electrode located close to the junction.4~ The diameter of the extracellular electrode was approximately 50μm. The directly evoked EPP was recorded using the intracellular electrode. The Ringer's solution used consisted of (mM) : NaCI 115, KC1 2.5 and CaC12 0.9, unless otherwise noted. pH was adjusted to 7.4 using 2 mM HEPES/NaOH buffer. Phenol red (5X10-4%) was used as an aid for adjusting the pH of the Ringer's solution. Synthetic w-conotoxin was supplied by Peptide Institute, Protein Research Foundation (Minoo, Japan). Other drugs were obtained from commercial suppliers. Within a Ca2+ concentration range from 0.9 to 2.7 mM, the amplitude of


The article considers modern problems of meat processing industry development, new approaches in the field of meat technology and healthy human nutrition. Based on the analysis, the factors influencing the production and sale of products in this industry were identified. The influence of improvement of technology of production of meat products of long term of storage on indicators of activity of the enterprise which introduces it is considered. The article draws attention to the problems of relevance of creating functional products based on meat and vegetable raw materials, which can make human nutrition rational and balanced, as well as increase resistance to adverse and extreme life factors, restore and maintain normal metabolic processes. The economic estimation of efficiency of introduction of new technology of manufacture is given and expediency of perfection of technology of meat products of long term of storage is proved.


Background EMR has been well accepted as one of the management options for superficial colorectal tumours requiring minimal invasion, better patient tolerance and significantly lower morbidity compared to surgery. However, lesions≥20 mm can be tricky. Method Retrospective medical record analysis was performed for a period of 24 months between Jan 2015 – Dec 2016. The data was collected on patient demographics, polyp characteristics, complications and follow up endoscopy at the 3 months and 12 months intervals where applicable. Results A total of 212 patients had 264 procedures. The mean age of the population was 68. All of the procedures were performed by experienced endoscopists using hot/cold snare and Methylene blue/Volplex solution. 22 (8%) of all polypectomies were ≥40 mm in size. The rate of complications in accordance with polyp size and colonic sites are illustrated below (table 1 and 2). The perforation was managed with endoclips and required a day of admission. The immediate bleeding had been managed with clipping ±adrenaline injection. The overall 30 days mortality was zero. 9 (4%) patients had prophylactic endoclips.Abstract PTH-020 Table 1 Complications for different sizes of the polyps Complications Polyp size< 20 mm(n,%) Polyp size 20– 39 mm(n,%) Polyp size≥ 40 mm(n,%) Total (Percentage) (n,%) Immediate bleeding 8 (206, 4%) 1 (36, 3%) 2 (22, 9%) 11 (264, 5%) Delayed bleeding 0 0 0 0 Perforation 0 1 (36, 3%) 0 1 (264, 0.4%) Recurrence at 3/12 0 0 3 (22, 14%) 3 (264,1%) Recurrence 12/12 0 0 1 (12, 8%) 1 (109, 0.9% The adenocarcinoma detection rate was 2.8% (6) and all of them had had either repeat scope at the 3 and 12 months intervals or had surgery. 12 (5.6%) had tubular/tubulovillous adenoma with high grade dysplasia. 8 (66%) of these patients had repeat scope at 3 months, whilst 1 (8%) underwent surgery and 3 (25%) made an informed choice to not have further colonoscopic examination.Abstract PTH-020 Table 2 Complications at different sites of the colon for all the polyp sizes. Complications Caecum Ascending colon Transverse colon Descending colon Sigmoid colon Rectum Immediate bleeding 3 0 2 0 2 4 Delayed bleeding 0 0 0 0 0 0 Perforation 0 1 0 0 0 0 Recurrence at 3/12 0 0 0 0 0 3 Our rescope rate for the polyp size ≥20 mm at 3 months and 12 months was 69% and 78% respectively. The main reasons for not having the scope were either patient choice or having surgery/other forms of cancer treatment. Conclusions EMR is an effective and safe approach in the expert hands for the management of colonic polyps. The role of prophylactic endoclips is still unclear in reducing the risk of post-procedural bleeding and it is highly dependent on the operator's preference and experience. Total character count 2817.


Abstract In this paper, we explore the optimal price, default ratio, and capital for insurance companies under social welfare maximization from regulators' perspective. From comparisons of cases under symmetric and asymmetric information in the insurance market, we find that an optimal regulatory objective should be set to maximize social benefit and induce fair benefit distribution in a transparent insurance market, and direct regulation on capital constraint can increase insurance demand and shareholders' benefits in a non-transparent market.


This paper gives investigation results on efficiency improvement of engine oil fine purification in marine high-powered diesel engines by combined filtering. Standard dimensions and connection schemes of filters and filtering elements into engine lubricating system during combined oil purification are given. Benefits and advantages of engine oil combined filtering as compared to the full-flow oil during its purification in marine diesel engines with high-pressure charging are shown.


Completeness of e-learning objects metadata records becomes a key requirement for learning object repositories, since these repositories are called to play a central role in automated approaches to e-learning. Nonetheless, metadata creation is a time-consuming and laborious process. These two factors may eventually result in incomplete and poorly structured metadata. In this paper, the completeness of learning object metadata of samples obtained from the MERLOT and CAREO repositories is analysed from that viewpoint, using the IEEE LOM standard as a reference framework. The paper concludes with a proposal for the specification of completeness levels as compliancy requirements for learning-related services or processes.


The first military attack of Bloque Calima of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia, AUC) was registered on July 31, 1999, when a group of well-armed men in uniform took the village of La Moralia in mountainous central area of Valle del Cauca killing two inhabitants. This article analyzes the role played by the region's civil, military and police authorities during the days that preceded and followed this disastrous episode, based on the information published in local and national print media during the months of July and August 1999.


We present the description of a new species of the recently described genus Psychrophrynella. Hitherto, frogs of this new species were traditionally misidentified as Phrynopus peruvianus. The new species is known only from elevations of 3270–3450 m in the vicinity of the type locality in the Cordillera de Paucartambo, Departamento Cusco, Peru. It is unique within Psychrophrynella in having a marked, oblique inner tarsal tubercle. The geographically closest species Psychrophrynella bagrecito Lynch, also possesses a tarsal tubercle.


Today in many developing countries insufficient progress in science and technology is considered to be the chief reason for general backwardness; on the contrary, many in the industrially advanced societies hold unfettered technological progress as the roots of all social ills. We are currently living in the so-called information age, which can be described as an era where economic activities are mainly information based. One can deduce that ethical decisions concerning technology are becoming a major concern for technologist, society, and the environment. The decisions that one makes will always have consequences. Those consequences will have an impact; either positive or negative. Rapid change is occurring, inequitably, with difference of opinion on how best to respond and what solutions to implement. But one thing that perhaps can be agreed to by all is that education does need to adapt to the changes at least as they are occurring. Current educational philosophies support processes which facilitate students development of willingness to experiment, comprehension of abstract concepts, advanced skills of problem solving, reasoning, awareness of social justice and ecological-sustainability issues, all within a framework of integration of technology in cross-curricular activities. It is obvious that individuals or organizations that are not accepting the ethical responsibility for their actions cause many of the detrimental effects of information technology. Like other powerful technologies, information technology possesses the potential for great harm or great good for all humankind. Hence, Ethics and Technology are becoming different aspects of the same function.


How to reduce the interdomain routing instability in multidomain optical networks is a burning issue of the day. An approach called active choke of interdomain routing (ACIR) is proposed to decrease the instability caused by temporary node overload. In this approach, when the network load increases to a certain value, the traffic requests without a minimum number of spanned domains are rejected directly or with a fixed or floating probability, while the rest are accepted. With the wavelength continuity constraint, numerical results on two network topologies demonstrate that the ACIR approach provides better blocking performance during heavy traffic and lower load at both nodes and domain controllers.


Synchronous motors working at a capacitive power factor of 0.8 are obtained by providing a 0ver excitation, meaning operation at a capacitive power factor to improve the power factor of the system when connected to an inductive load, as is the case with an induction motor. A synchronous motor that is over-excitation will act like a capacitor and suck up the current that lead the voltage. A synchronous motor that works without a load that is given over excitation will function as a synchronous compensator whose capacitive value can be adjusted. The condition of this synchronous compensator is installed on a cage rotor induction motor as a power factor improvement. The results of this study showed that the power factor value of the induction motor before installing the synchronous compensator was cos φ = 0.88 and the reactive power was 132,84 VAR, after installing the synchronous compen sator, cos φ = 0.91 to 0.99 and the reactive power was 68 VAR to 28,2 VARs


Objective:To explore the effects of different recovery methods on blood lactic acid(BLA) removal after a strenuous training in track and field athletes and to identify the optimal recovery methods and intensity during intermission after strenuous exercise training,providing evidence for enhancement of training effects in athletes.Methods:Fifteen young track and field athletes performed a graded exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake(O2max) and lactic acid threshold(LAT).After a week,the subjects conducted a 5-min exercise at 90%O2max,immediately followed by passive recovery(0%LAT) and four different intensity of positive recovery(100%,80%,60% and 40%LAT).BLA of finger blood were measured at rest,at the end of exercise and every 4-min during recovery period till BLA return to rest level.BLA removal velocity and the time of 2/3 removal of BLA(t2/3) during recovery period were compared.Results:At time point of 0-20min during recovery period,BLA in passive recovery group(0%LAT) was higher than each positive recover group(P0.05) and 40%LAT group higher than 60%LAT group(P0.05),the latter two higher than both of 80%LAT and 100%LAT group(P0.05).There were no significant difference of BLA between 80%LAT and 100%LAT group during each recovery time point(P0.05).BLA returned to baseline at 24min after exercise in passive recovery group,20min in 40%LAT group,16min in 60%LAT group and 12min in 80%LAT and 100%LAT group.T2/3 of each positive recover group were lower than passive recover group(P0.05),60%LAT group higher than 40%LAT group(P0.05) and 80%LAT group as well as 100%LAT group lower than both of 60%LAT group and 40%LAT group(P0.05),while no difference existed between 80%LAT group and 100%LAT group(P0.05).Conclusion:Positive recovery after a strenuous training is more effective in BLA removal than passive recovery.Efficiency of BLA removal depends on training intensity of positive recovery(dose-response relationship) and training intensity at or close to LAT shows the best effect.


Preface Introduction: The Origin and Consolidation of Unfree Labor PART 1:THE MASTERS AND THEIR BONDSMEN 1. Labor Management 2. Planters, Pomeshchiki, and Paternalism 3. Ideals and Ideology PART 2: THE BONDSMEN AND THEIR MASTERS 4. Community and Culture 5. Patterns of Resistance 6. Protest, Unity, and Disunity Epilogue: The Crisis of Unfree Labor Bibliographical Note Notes Index


Wire cutting experiments were performed to study the fracture behaviour of starch gels. The results showed that the fracture toughness increases with cutting speed. This is consistent with the results obtained from the independent conventional fracture mechanics test. Finite element simulations of wire cutting process were also performed. A non-linear elastic constitutive relationship was used to model the starch gels and frictionless condition was assumed at the wire-starch gel contact interface. A failure criterion based on critical fracture strain was assumed. Predictions of the steady-state cutting force at various wire diameters and cutting speeds were found to be in good agreement with the wire cutting data.


Aspergillus flavus (164 isolates) from wheat flour were subjected to cultural Aspergillus differential medium pigmentation and fluorescence (ADM), coconut agar medium pigmentation and fluorescence (CAM), yeast extract sucrose agar supplemented with 0.3% methyl β-cyclodextrin fluorescence (MβCD), Ammonia vapor test on CAM and YES, analytical thin layer chromatography (TLC, AFB1 & B2) methods. Positive result percentage for the detection methods 100%, 0%, 9.75%, 12. 2%, 0.60%, 9.2%, 27.5%, 9.7% and 4.3%, respectively. Fifteen isolates were analyzed by HPLC for detection of AFB1 and B2 production. The HPLC analysis of AFB1 in isolates extracts were ranged between 1.6 and 4974.3 ppm, AFB2 were in range 0.1 and 311.8 ppm and total AFBs 1.7-5286.1 ppm.


The invention provides a method for testing dynamic stiffness of a machine tool spindle based on MEMS (micro electro mechanical systems). The method comprises the following steps: firstly, arranging a force sensor and an acceleration transducer on a shaft shoulder of the machine tool spindle along the vertical direction; sticking a reflection belt on the machine tool spindle close to a grinding wheel; arranging a photoelectric sensor on the inner wall of a machine tool cabinet close to the position of the reflection belt; connecting the sensors with an industrial personal computer; and acquiring a normal displacement signal S(t) by utilizing the matrix laboratory (MATLAB) software to perform integration calculation on a signal a(t) for the acquired normal acceleration; acquiring a normal force F(Omega) and displacement S(Omega), by transforming the acquired normal force F(t) and the displacement S(t) into amplitude spectrums by performing the Fourier transform; calculating and acquiring a dynamic stiffness G(Omega) according to the normal force F(Omega) and the displacement S(Omega) by utilizing the following formula: G(Omega) is equal to F(Omega)/ S(Omega); and lastly, judging if the working condition of the machine tool is safe, by comparing the detected dynamic stiffness at different conditions. By using the method, the precision for testing dynamic stiffness is increased. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the precision for testing dynamic stiffness is high and the testing cost is low.


This study develops an eondogenous growth model that depicts the process of economic development, such as a regime switch from capitalaccumulation-based growth to R&D-based growth and the phenomenon falling into poverty traps. Furthermore, we also obtained several implications of economic policies, as follows. Interest rate subsidies promote economic welfare. Development aids through the provision of factor stocks such as capital and technology are ineffective for an economy to ride on a steady growth path. Promoting efficiency in goods production and/or R&D, on the other hand, is effective.


At thepeak ofitsprominence, thePromise Keepershadattractedcriticism [roln manyquarters: More recently, this£?i.'angeliu,1Ilrlen5movementhas stntggledtoretain thevisibilityitonceenjoyed. Using insightsfrom culturaltheory, Ianalyzeaselect sample ofbest-selling men5manuals repnsentingvanousadoicegenresuuhin thismovement: Ia1gttethatPK genderdiscourseshaoegicen rise tofourefuangelicalarchetypesofgodly manhood' theRationalPatriarch{traduional masculinuyi; theExpressiceEgalitarian{men5liberationismi; the Tender Warrior(poeticized lnanbood), andthej~'1ulticultllralj\;fan{interracial lntlSCulinity). 1explore bot»PKluminariesutilizetuo rbetoricaldeoce-diaosn»tackingand genderedmetaphors-tornantlgethetensumsandcontradictions thatsurfacewitbin andamongtbesediscourses: TbeearcbeypeenablethePromise Keepers todefinetbemsehxsuabreferencetootberne»socialrnotements. klltltipledepictionsofgodly manhoodcontributedtothe rapidriseofthis evangeliatlmen5mocementdunngthe199a-,andmaybeonesourceofits recentdecline "I express my thanks to the anonymous reviewers atJournal ofSocial VJought and Research for their insightful remarks on a previous version of this manuscript. All interpretations presented here are my own. Social Thought & Research Godly Masculinities: Gender Discourse among the Promise Keepers


Last October a coalition of many of the corporate contributors to our obesogenic environment, including some of the world's largest food manufacturers and retailers, launched the Healthy Weight Commitment Foundation, whose aim, they say, is to try to reduce obesity, especially childhood obesity, by the year 2015. Their plan to do so is to promote application of the 'energy balance' concept. The Foundation aims to promote the energy-out aspect of this equation. Their fact sheet says 'lack of physical activity continues to attribute to the obesity problem' and goes on to say that 'more than half of adults do not engage in physical activity at levels consistent with USDA physical activity guidelines of 60 minutes per day'. The fact sheet does not mention the other part of the energy balance equation, energy-in, which is perhaps unsurprising, for these corporations are in the energy-in business. In the same month the American Academy of Family Physicians announced that it would accept a grant from the Coca Cola company to 'develop consumer education content on beverages and sweeteners for FamilyDoctor. org', which is their consumer health website. The Wall Street Journal published a supportive editorial, quoting Coca Cola CEO Muhtar Kent as saying: 'It's not just about calories in. It's also about calories out'. It is widely believed that declining levels of physical activity are a major cause of the current obesity epidemic, but new evidence challenges this notion. Besides, it has been estimated that 60–90 min daily is necessary to prevent weight regain in previously obese individuals and 45–60 min daily to prevent the transition from overweight to obesity. Such levels of daily physical activity are, for most people now, surely unrealistic and unachievable.


algal diet) or light intensity (meanS.E.7 4� 3 � 4� 9% for 200 lx, 85� 1 � 2� 7% for 1000 lx and 82� 8 � 5� 2% for 2000 lx, respectively). Light intensity affected (P 0� 05) on MDA at any stage. Supplementing the diet with D. salina did not affect SOD, KAT or t-GPX and there was no interaction (P > 0� 05) with light intensity. MDA was the only biomarker whose activity was significantly (P < 0� 05) reduced when D. salina was supplemented to the larval rearing tanks. The effect of D. salina supplementation was only detected in metamorphosing larvae, whose MDA levels were noticeably higher than in earlier stages. These results are evidence of the antiperoxidative effect of b-carotene from live algae in the larval rearing process of marine fishes.


In this paper we are intersted in studying the existence of a First integral and the non-existence of limit cycles of rational Kolmogorov systems of the form where P (x, y) , Q (x, y) , R (x, y) , S (x, y) are homogeneous polynomials of degree n, n, m, a respectively.