The hydroboration-oxidation reaction is widely used in the chemistry of terpenoids both for proving the structure of new compounds isolated from natural raw materials and for the directed synthesis of low molecular weight bioregulators. Moreover, most of the known examples affect mono- and sesquiterpenes, a much smaller number - for di- and triterpenoids: most are represented by hydroboration-oxidation of localized double bonds, examples for conjugated dienes are limited only by hydroboration-oxidation of cis-eudesma-6,11-diene, abietic acid and its methyl ester.
We found that the reduction of the pentacyclic triterpenoid – glycyrrhetate methyl ester – diisobutylaluminium hydride in methylene chloride at -78 ° С and subsequent hydrolysis in the presence of ammonium chloride proceeds with the formation of 3β,30-dihydroxy-18βH-olean-9(11),12(13)-diene with a yield of 90%. It was shown that the hydroboration of the 1,3-diene system in it with a 3.3 molar excess of diborane in tetrahydrofuran is accompanied by the restoration of the carboxyl function, and after oxidation with the hydrogen peroxide-sodium acetate system of the organoboranes formed, three alcohols are mixed (2 : 1 : 1): 3β,11,30-trihydroxy-18βH-olean-12(13)-ene, 3β,12,30-trihydroxy-18βH-olean-9(11)-ene and 3β,9,30-trihydroxy-18βH-olean-12 (13)-ene, respectively. A similar mixture of triols was also obtained by hydroboration-oxidation of 3β-hydroxy-18βH-olean-9(11),12(13)-diene-30-oic acid. The hydroboration-oxidation reactions of 3β,30-dihydroxy-18βH-olean-9(11),12(13)-diene or the corresponding 30th acid proceed as monoprocesses predominantly at 9(11) double bonds.


Ultrasonic wave propagation in prestressed materials has been extensively studied during last decades. From a practical point of view, materials are submitted to static stresses that are directly applied or residual. The knowledge of these stresses permits both to evaluate materials lifetime and to improve its intrinsic qualities. In order to point out these stresses ,we make use of acoustoelasticity theory. The present work is concentrated on the effect of static stresses on the velocities of ultrasonic waves in cubic materials with low and high anisotropy. A rigorous quantitative description of acoustoelastic effects is performed for silicon and aluminium, it involves tridimensional representation of slowness surfaces for a better understanding of acoustoelastic effect distribution. Even though these two materials have the same symmetry, the acoustoelasticity reveals a significant difference in their behaviour. The computational procedure includes acoustoelastic (AE) effects for compression and shear residual stresses respectively 33 σ and 12 σ . The illustration is achieved by a colour code, the colour varies from white (no acoustoelastic effects) to black (strong effects) . Introduction and theoretical basis The study of elastic wave propagation in prestressed materials, attracted the attention of a number of researchers in the past years. The basic theory that relates the change of wave speeds to initial stresses is the acoustoelasticity theory, a modern approach has been then presented by introducing third order elastic constants in the constitutive equations [1]. Eagle and Bray [2] have been the first to introduce the acoustoelastic coefficients; these coefficients translate the effect of a static stress field to the ultrasonic wave velocities. The theoretical determination of these coefficients is more or less complex, it depends on the degree of the material symmetry. Therefore, the existing calculations and experiences evoke the acoustoelasticity following axes [3,4,5,6] or inside symmetry planes [7]. In this paper, acoustoelasticity theory has been applied to calculate the distribution of acoustoelastic coefficients and acoustic birefringence following all propagation directions of ultrasonic waves. In order to examine effects related to anisotropy and residual stress direction, we consider two cubic materials (Si, Al) and two kinds of stress ( 33 σ , 12 σ ) (figures 1-a and 1-b).In the natural state Aluminium slowness sheets exhibit slight deviations from isotropic slowness surfaces. For silicon these deviations are more pronounced ,and a large acoustic birefringence is observed. In 3D geometry the representation of acoustoelastic effects distribution is performed on the basis of a colour code varying from white (no acoustoelastic effect) to black (strong effect). To describe wave propagation in a prestressed medium the approach proposed by Man and Lu [8] is used. The prestressed configuration is the only reference configuration in this approach and the initial static stress is included in the constitutive equation by: o kj k , i kl ijkl o ij ij u C σ + ε + σ = σ (eq 1) Where ij σ is the first Piola-Kirchoff stress tensor, o ij σ is the initial static stress, kl ε is the elastic strain due to wave propagation, k , i u is the displacement gradient and ijkl C is the fourth rank tensor of stress dependent elastic constants[7]. Assuming that the material and local stresses are homogeneous and using a plane wave solution for the displacement ui, the equation of motion leads to Christoffel equation for an anisotropic material under stress: 0 p ] δ V ρ jk [G k jk 2 = − (eq 2) Where p r is the unit displacement vector, n V n k k r r r ). ( . ω = = , the wave number vector, n . V V r r = the wave phase velocity, n r the unit wave normal and jk G is the generalised Christoffel tensor with


Acute inhalation intoxication of CS (O-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile) occurred among the 192 animals in confined animal cages of farm as the result of prolonged exposure. A total of 8 animals (3 silver foxes, 3 fitches and 2 minks) died in 15 hours after the exposure. Distinct evidences of pulmonary atelectasis were observed as with hepatorenal damages. The lethal toxicity of CS was considered to be due to early severelung damages leading to asphyxia, accompanying acute toxic hepatitis and nephritis.


A Gadolinium EDTA chelate displays characteristic isotropic behaviour common of Gd(III) complexes under zero applied magnetic field, and anisotropic behaviour arising from dipolar coupling and weak spin-phonon coupling under an applied magnetic field. This surprising magnetic behaviour for Gd(III) is investigated using SQUID magnetometry and rationalized through theoretical calculations.


Nuclear safeguards at enrichment facilities largely relies on environmental sampling, where uranium particulate material is collected in swipe samples for mass spectrometric analysis. The fluorine-bearing uranium particles (UO 2 F 2 ) found in these swipe samples are the reaction product of small releases of UF 6 to the atmosphere. Even though mass spectrometric analysis remains the primary analytical method used in environmental sampling, additional morphological, elemental and spectral characterization of the collected particulate material would provide a more complete picture of the activities at the inspected facility. In this study, scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX), nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) and micro-Raman spectroscopy were applied in a multi-technique approach to the characterization of lab-synthesized UO 2 F 2 particles. An important part of this work was devoted to the development of a relocation method that enabled the characterization of the same set of particles by SEM and NanoSIMS. Selected UO 2 F 2 particles of specific morphology were identified and characterized by SEM before and after NanoSIMS analysis to determine whether a correlation exists between the particle morphology, the level of sputtering and the relative amount of fluorine.


Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) provide an alternative to multi-quantum well (MQW) based saturable absorbers at optical communication wavelengths. This work is aimed at measuring the nonlinear absorption coefficient of SWNTs at 1550 nm and to compare the performance of SWNT based saturable absorbers with M Q W based saturable absorbers. In this work, saturable absorption and optical bleaching in a SWNT sample at 1550 nm were observed by the Power-scan and the two-color pump-probe measurement methods. A measurement system capable of performing Z-scan, P-scan, and pump-probe measurements was developed. The filtration method was used to fabricate a thin film of SWNTs grown by the HiPco process onto a sapphire substrate. The experimental results obtained from the P-scan measurements were analyzed to estimate the nonlinear absorption coefficient of the SWNT sample. The estimated values are large compared to those of other nonlinear optical materials. Optical bleaching was observed in the pump-probe measurement. A figure of merit to compare the performance of saturable absorbers based on their modulation depth, saturation intensity, and recovery time is proposed. Using it, the figures of merit of the SWNT sample used in this work, those of several SWNT based saturable absorbers reported in the literature, and those of several MQW based saturable absorbers, also reported in the literature, were calculated. The calculations showed that the performance of SWNT based saturable absorbers is comparable to M Q W based saturable absorbers. The optical properties of SWNTs, combined with the low cost of fabrication, demonstrate the potential of SWNT based devices to find a large number of optical applications.


This article is about people"s practices at cyber cafes. A description of the characteristics of the screen users from Rosario city is studied during 2005 – 2007. Besides there is an analysis of this phenomenon based on the study of observations done at different cyber cafes from three selected areas of the city. Through the analysis of what people use, how they use that and the amount of time they spend in front of the screen and other digital products of the net – messenger, chat, games –the different practices, use of the cyberspaces are recognized. Goffman"s contributions allow an approach to the different experiences - individual actions of the users. Moreover there"s a users' possible typology of cyberspaces from Rosario city.


This article studies the running of DZL58-1.6/150/90-AⅡ boiler of DengFeng boiler space in two heating periods,gets the secondary air blasting program though the experiment,and makes experimental research on boiler effects directed at the fullness of fire-bed,works out a reasonable length of the fire-bed,propounds the heating boiler must pay attention to the mixing work of fuel coal.Though a series of measures,makes the operating efficiency of boiler above 82%.


Vps54 is an integral subunit of the Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex, which is involved in tethering endosome-derived vesicles to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). A destabilizing missense mutation in Vps54 causes the age-progressive motor neuron (MN) degeneration, muscle weakness, and muscle atrophy observed in the wobbler mouse, an established animal model for human MN disease. It is currently unclear how the disruption of Vps54, and thereby the GARP complex, leads to MN and muscle phenotypes. To develop a new tool to address this question, we have created an analogous model in Drosophila by generating novel loss-of-function alleles of the fly Vps54 ortholog (scattered/scat). We find that null scat mutant adults are viable but have a significantly shortened lifespan. Like phenotypes observed in the wobbler mouse, we show that scat mutant adults are male sterile and have significantly reduced body size and muscle area. Moreover, we demonstrate that scat mutant adults have significant age-progressive defects in locomotor function. Interestingly, we see sexually dimorphic effects, with scat mutant adult females exhibiting significantly stronger phenotypes. Finally, we show that scat interacts genetically with rab11 in MNs to control age-progressive muscle atrophy in adults. Together, these data suggest that scat mutant flies share mutant phenotypes with the wobbler mouse and may serve as a new genetic model system to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying MN disease.


The present invention relates to a river channel sand flushing desilting method which is characterized in that a sand flushing pipeline of which the pipeline wall is provided with a sand flushing nozzle is laid from the downstream sea gate of a river channel near the central line of the river bed of the river channel towards the upstream direction of the river channel; a main water delivery pump is arranged in a position near the sea gate of the river channel, and an auxiliary water delivery pump is arranged in a proper position of the line along the river channel; the downstream end of the sand flushing pipeline is communicated with the outflow opening of the main water delivery pump through a main inflow pipe; the pipeline sections of the sand flushing pipeline which are arranged from bottom to top are provided with auxiliary inflow openings; the auxiliary inflow openings of the sand flushing pipeline are communicated with the outflow opening of the auxiliary water delivery pump through auxiliary inflow pipes, and the inflow opening of the auxiliary water delivery pump is connected with one end of a movable inflow pipe.


Preface 1. Communication and the Evolution of Plant-Animal Interactions 2. Animal Sensory Ecology and Plant Biochemistry 3. Animals as Seed Dispersers 4. Visual Communication in Fleshy Fruits 5. Evolutionary Ecology of Non-Visual Fruit Traits 6. Flower Signals and Pollination 7. The Potential for Leaf Colouration to Communicate to Animals 8. Plant Crypsis, Aposematism, and Mimicry 9. Chemical Communication by Plants about Herbivores 10. Sensory Aspects of Carnivorous Plants 11. Final Thoughts Glossary References Index


This study was conducted using machine learning models to identify patient non-invasive information for cardiovascular complications prediction in peritoneal dialysis patients. Nowadays is well known that cardiovascular diseases are the key to mortality in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis as the risk of cardiovascular disease increases with the progression of renal failure. Primary aim is to establish variables most associated with cardiovascular complications. To achieve this goal four different machine learning techniques were used. We found that the best classification algorithm was a Generalized Linear Model, which achieved AUC values above 96% using a small subset of the original variables following a feature selection approach. Our approach allows us to increase the interpretability of the combinations of traditional factors, advanced chronic kidney disease factors and peritoneal dialysis factors all related with cardiovascular risk profile. The final model is based primarily in the traditional factors.


Summary:  Purpose: High‐frequency activity has been recorded with intracerebral microelectrodes in epileptic patients and related to seizure genesis. Our goal was to analyze high‐frequency activity recorded with electroencephalograph (EEG) macroelectrodes during the slow wave immediately following interictal spikes, given the potential importance of this presumed hyperpolarization in transforming spikes into seizures.


This article challenges the idea that IR theory is in the midst of a 'third debate' between 'positivistic' and 'post-positivistic' approaches, by showing that neither the 'first' nor the 'second' debates have lost any of their relevance, and by arguing that the 'third debate' and the allegedly new paradigms it generated do not constitute a challenging innovation. While the 'first debate' is a debate between two visions of human nature, the 'second debate' is a debate between two visions of knowledge. A critical stance vis-?-vis rationalism does not imply a rejection of political realism, nor an endorsement of postmodernism or constructivism. The idea that IR theory is in the midst of a 'third debate' between positivistic and post-positivistic scholars has become a nearly unchallenged commonplace.2 According to the 'third debate' thesis, IR theory went through three successive stages: a debate between 'idealism' and 'realism' in the 1920s and 1930s, followed by a debate between 'history' and 'science' in the 1950s and 1960s, and finally replaced by a debate between 'positivism' and 'post-positivism' in the 1980s and 1990s.3 The 'third debate' generated an allegedly new paradigm (namely, constructivism) and students of International Relations are supposedly compelled to make their choice between 'positivism', 'postmodernism', and 'constructivism'. The present article challenges the very relevance of the 'third debate' and ques tions the novelty and validity of constructivism. Both the 'first' and 'second' debates belong to wider philosophical and ideological arguments, none of which have lost their relevance. By contrast, the 'third debate' opposes an outdated nineteenth century paradigm (that is, positivism) to an intellectual fad (that is, postmodernism) that emerged from post-World War II French culture and whose contribution to the


Provided is a forming method of a silane coupling agent film which is free from coating spots, which is uniform, and which maintains a sufficient surface silane amount. A forming method of a silane coupling agent film comprises the processes of: coating a liquid comprising a silane coupling agent(3) on a metal surface(2); drying the liquid-coated metal surface at a temperature of 25 to 150 deg.C for less than 5 minutes; and washing the dried metal surface. The metal surface is treated with an immersion type plating solution in advance to form an adhesive metal layer on the metal surface.


This paper deals with the normwise perturbation theory for linear (Hermitian) matrix equations. The definition of condition number for the linear (Hermitian) matrix equations is presented. The lower and upper bounds for the condition number are derived. The estimation for the optimal backward perturbation bound for the Hermitian matrix equations is obtained. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Due to the increased awareness of utilization of waste biomass utilization for higher sustainability and concern for indoor air pollution associated with formaldehyde emission by wood adhesives, th...


Upconversion emissions of Er-doped and Er/Yb-codoped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 have been studied. Under 980 nm excitation, all samples exhibit strong green and red upconversion emissions, which can be seen by naked eyes. The Er/Yb-codoped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramic has stronger upconversion emission intensity than Er-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramic. Additionally, the optical temperature sensing properties based on upconversion emissions of Er/Yb-codoped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 ceramic were also investigated. The results demonstrate that the maximum sensitivity and temperature sensing resolution were 0.0031 K−1 and 0.3 K respectively, suggesting that the Er/Yb-codoped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 has potential application as optical temperature sensing materials.


An integrated circuit (IC) testers and input and output (I / O), a probe system for providing a signal path between the power and ground pads contact the I / O pads of the probe board assembly, the flex cable and the IC of the IC surface to be inspected and a probe of a set arranged to. Probe board assembly includes at least one rigid substrate having a trace and a via layer formed on or in the substrate layer to provide a signal path with a relatively low bandwidth connection to the probe to access the part of the I / C pad tester. Flex cable provides a relatively high bandwidth signal path connecting the tester to the probe to access the rest of the IC pads. Flex strip may optionally be placed behind the substrate with the probe. An integrated circuit, the probe system, a probe board assembly, a tester, flex cable


Introduction: Children are particularly vulnerable during infectious disease outbreaks for three main reasons: 1.  Children have specific susceptibilities to infection during infectious disease outbreaks; 2. Infectious  diseases can disrupt the environments in which children grow and develop and 3. Measures used to  prevent and control the spread of infectious diseases can expose children to protection risks . This  1


Geologic maps depict the distribution of rock types at and near the land surface. Falling-weight deflectometer (FWD) data collected on Texas highways appear to be correlated to bedrock type, particularly at the outermost sensors. The maps can also be used to qualitatively estimate bedrock depth, a critical parameter in FWD data analysis. The purposes of this study are to examine whether 1) geologic maps can be used to interpret roadway deflection data collected by FWD and 2) seismic refraction data, perhaps collected along with FWD data, can be used to estimate bedrock depths accurately enough to improve FWD analyses.


Recently, machine learning techniques, especially supervised learning techniques, have been adopted in the Intrusion Detection System (IDS). Due to the limit of supervised learning, most state-of-the-art IDSs do not perform well on unknown attacks and incur high computational overhead in the Internet of Things (IoT). To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel IDS based on unsupervised techniques, namely, UTEN-IDS. UTEN-IDS uses the ensemble of autoencoders to handle the network data and performs the anomaly detection by an Isolation Forest algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using two benchmark datasets. The results show that our approach has significant advantages in classification performance and proves its utility in the IoT network when compared to other approaches.


In the present invention, a digesting component composed of water and an inorganic salt compound, an organic acid for controlling a hydrogen ion concentration, a liquid for controlling a point, and a surfactant for controlling the surface tension of a digestive juice are mixed to produce general digestive and portable digestive devices, (Fire of class A), oil fire (class B fire) and edible oil fire (class K fire), and the thermal reaction of fire extinguishing agent (Saponification reaction and cooling reaction in the case of cooking oil fire) and extinguishes the fire extinguishing ability of the fire extinguishing agent and prevents the secondary damage caused by the extinguishing agent after the fire suppression, And the production method thereof. The present invention relates to a composition comprising 45.0 to 70.0% by weight of water; Potassium phosphate (KH 2 PO 4), potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3), the first digestion component 15.0 to 20.0 wt%; Ammonium monophosphate (NH4H2PO4), potassium acetate (CH3COOK), urea (H2NCONH2), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) potassium bicarbonate; (POTASSIUM BICARBONATE KHCO 3), and a second digestion component containing one or more inorganic compounds selected from the group consisting of POTASSIUM BICARBONATE KHCO 3; 1.0 to 5.0% by weight of organic acid; 3.0 to 10.0% by weight of a freezing point depressant; 0.3 to 3.0% by weight of a surfactant; And 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of an antirust agent.


Extracting human's voice feature is the most important process in any speech recognition system. There are many feature extraction techniques which are already used such as MFCC, LPC and ZCPA; but still have some problems especially in the continuous speech. It is important to evaluate different feature extraction techniques for continuous speech by making a comparison between these techniques as a trial to find the most suitable technique for speech recognition process, and trying to enhance the result by using PCA. Using PCA gives great better results especially for ZCPA technique as a comparison to other techniques. Keywords: Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC); Linear predictive coding (LPC); Zero Crossings with Peak Amplitudes (ZCPA); Hidden Markov Model(HMM);principal component analysis(PCA)


blood supply to the dorsolumbar and cervical segments of the cord. The authors had on two occasions seen patients develop irreversible long tract damage during competently performed cervical rhizotomies. From the clinical manifestations in each case it had been concluded that infarction had occurred. Legal proceedings had been instituted in both cases. Angiographic studies in one of these patients had demonstrated the importance of the vertebral and radicular blood supply to the human cervical cord.


Drought is a major constraint of forest productivity and tree growth across diverse habitat types. In this study, we investigated the drought responses of four conifer species growing within two locations of differing elevation and climatic conditions in northern Mexico. Two species were selected at a mesic site (Cupressus lusitanica Mill., Abies durangensis Martinez) and the other two species were sampled at a xeric site (Pinus engelmannii Carr., Pinus cembroides Zucc.). Using a dendrochronological approach, we correlated the radial-growth series of each species and the climatic variables. All study species positively responded to wet-cool conditions during winter and spring. Despite the close proximity of species at a mesic site, A. durangensis had high responsiveness to hydroclimatic variability, but C. lusitanica was not responsive. At the xeric site, P. engelmannii and P. cembroides were very responsive to drought severity, differentiated only by the longer time scale of the response to accumulated drought of P. engelmannii. The responsiveness to hydroclimate and drought of these tree species seems to be modulated by site conditions, or by the functional features of each species that are still little explored. These findings indicate that differentiating between mesic and xeric habitats is a too coarse approach in diverse forests with a high topographic heterogeneity.


ABSTRACT This article examines the narrative construction of two British music festival films, Message to Love: the Isle of Wight Festival (1995) and Glastonbury Fayre (1972): films which demonstrate narratives and techniques familiar from Woodstock – Three Days of Peace and Music (1970). I argue that these films, which portray the 1970 Isle of Wight Festival and the 1971 Glastonbury Fayre, have helped to construct and reinforce what I refer to as the "countercultural carnivalesque" – a way of thinking about festival culture that is informed by a particular understanding of the youth counterculture of the late-1960s.


"Defining the Real: The Film Theory and Criticism of Andre Bazin," by Bert Cardullo "What Is Neorealism?" by Bert Cardullo "An Aesthetic of Reality: Cinematic Realism and the Italian School of the Liberation." (Jan. 1948) La Terra Trema (Visconti, 1948). (1948) Germany, Year Zero (Rossellini, 1947). (1949) Bicycle Thieves (De Sica, 1948). (Nov. 1949) "Vittorio De Sica: Metteur en Scene." (1951) Heaven over the Marshes (Genina, 1949). (May 1951) "Neorealism, Opera, and Propaganda: Forbidden Christ" (Malaparte, 1950). (July-Aug. 1951) The Road to Hope (Germi, 1950). (Feb. 1952) Two Cents' Worth of Hope (Castellani, 1951). (July 1952) Umberto D. (De Sica, 1952). (Oct. 1952) "In Italy." (1953) Europe '51 (Rossellini, 1952). (1953) "Will the Italian Cinema Betray Itself?" (Dec. 1954) La Strada (Fellini, 1954). (May 1955) Gold of Naples (De Sica, 1954). (June 1955) "In Defense of Rossellini." (Aug. 1955) "De Sica and Rossellini." (Sept. 1955) Senso (Visconti, 1954). (Feb. 1956) Il Bidone (Fellini, 1955). (March 1956) The Roof (De Sica, 1956). (Dec. 1956) "Neorealism Returns: Love in the City" (Fellini et alia, 1953). (March 1957) I Vitelloni (Fellini, 1953). (Oct. 1957) "Fellini's Voyage to the End of Neorealism: The Nights of Cabiria [1957]." (Nov. 1957) +CREDITS OF THE FILMS OF ITALIAN NEOREALISM (INCLUDING PRECURSORS AND SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ITALIAN NEOREALISM +BAZIN BIBLIOGRAPHY +INDEX.


Version anglaise dans la bibliotheque: Discovering diversity in the hills of Nepal : farmers and researchers work together to improve rice and maize


The deserts in the world are mainly distributed in the subtropical zone, only the deserts in China are in the temperate zone.Based on the relevant literature and the survey on sandy desertification in China in 1994,this paper introduces the current situation of draught and sandy desertification both at home and abroad, analyses the factors influencing the formation and distribution of the deserts in the north of China.The author points out that the major factors include the rising of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the effects of the last glacial epoch, the water and soil resources, the climate changes, and the unreasonable human activities. The paper predicts the future development tendency of sandy desertification and suggests that the trans-regional water diversion projects, the water-saving forestry and husbandry and the combating of sandy desertification according to laws should be speeded up for the purposes of fundamentally controlling the draught and desertification in the north of China.


Despite progress in the current genetic manipulation of donor pigs, most non‐human primates were lost within a day of receiving porcine lung transplants. We previously reported that carbon monoxide (CO) treatment improved pulmonary function in an allogeneic lung transplant (LTx) model using miniature swine. In this study, we evaluated whether the perioperative treatment with low‐dose inhalation of CO has beneficial effects on porcine lung xenografts in cynomolgus monkeys (cynos).


It is well-known that functions on a smooth symplectic manifold M are equipped with a canonical skew-linear operation called the Poisson bracket. The bracket is compatible with multiplication in a certain precise way. Formalizing this structure, one obtains the notion of a Poisson algebra (see Definition 1.1). The definition of a Poisson algebra is quite general; among other things, it involves no assumption of smoothness. Recently there appeared good reasons to study Poisson algebras in full generality. In particular, they seem to be quite useful in the study of the so-called symplectic singularities initiated by A. Beauville [B]. However, while non-trivial Poisson structures on smooth manifolds have been under close scrutiny for fifty years or more, the general theory is much less developed. It seems that even the simplest facts are not known, or at least, not easy to find in the existing literature. The goal of the present note is to prove one of these simple facts – namely, we prove that the integral closure of a Poisson algebra is again Poisson (Theorem 1.5). The exposition is essentially self-contained. We need a couple of preliminary lemmas which are definitely not new, but not quite standard, either. To spare the reader the trouble of extensive book search, we have taken the liberty of re-proving them from scratch.


In many systems prenucleation clusters (PNC), dense liquids and solid amorphous phases precede the formation of crystalline phases, which can grow via a nanoparticle aggregation mechanism. Despite ...


Objective To investigate the test-retest reliability and validity of virtual imaging(Ⅵ) as visual stimulation in ocular motility(OM) test.Methods Twenty two volunteers received three sessions of virtual imaging ocular motility test and one classical OM test induced by light,with an interval of 48 hours between each test.The OM tests included saccade,eye-tracking and optokinetic nystagmus tests.The test-retest reliability of virtual imaging ocular motility test was analyzed by comparison among the three virtual imaging ocular motility tests,and its validity was analyzed by comparison to classical OM test.Results There was no significant difference between VI and classical OM tests,or among the three sessions of virtual imaging ocular motility tests.Conclusion Virtual imaging ocular motility test is reliable and valid.


Text-to-scene is a new technology used in many fields. It provides approaches to convert natural language into virtual scene. People can also use this technology to show text information using the visual method without professional knowledge. This paper attempted to provide a route of text-to-scene implementation. The researches related to text-to-scene were reviewed in brief and then a preliminary implementation of text-to-scene was proposed. The implementation contains lexical, syntactic, semantic library. Furthermore, the composition, function and work mechanism of each sub-modules constituting the text-to-scene implementation were discussed by integrating text processing and graphic processing respectively. In this article, the researches provided a route for applications of text-to-scene.


Based on the method of controlling welding stress with trailing, the electromagnetic force in coil-sheet system was simulated with finite element software ANSYS. The effect of parameters of coil on the electromagnetic force density fy was analyzed. The results show that the maximum electromagnetic force density fy, max in sheet appears in the position near the inner radius of single-turn coil. The position is independent of section shape of coil. fy, max for flat coil is larger than that for long coil and the coil with wedge shape section, while section areas of all coils are equal to each other. The effect of turn number of multiple-turn coil on fy is dependent on the loop resistance in circuit. The kind of coil with more turns and larger inductance is commended while there is larger loop resistance in circuit. fy increases in a certain magnitude while a magnetic core is located in coil. However, the magnitude of fy is limited by saturating magnetic flux of the core.


Recently (May 28–30, 1986), a workshop was held in Farsund, Norway, to discuss the biogeochemistry of an anoxic fjord called Framvaren. In the last 7 years a group of marine scientists from Norway, Sweden, Canada, and the United States has been studying this fjord. The workshop was held to discuss the recent findings of this international effort. A new expedition is planned in February 1987 (provided that the ice is thick enough) and in June 1988. Marine chemists, microbiologists, or geologists interested in participating in this study should contact Jens Skei (Norwegian Institute of Water Research, PB Box 333, Blindern, Oslo 3, Norway), who is coordinating the investigations.


Base on the present and the future, this article analyzes the present situation and the causes of the school's moral education in our country, expounds the great significance of the moral education in the 21 st century from the angle of the social development, and finally puts forwards some suggestions for its reform and development. These suggestions mainly consist of establishing the modern ideas of the moral education, upholding the life-featured outlook on moral education and the individualized model of the moral education, setting up the scientific ways in moral education, forming a complete system in moral education management, designing the step-by-step contents, establishing a complete moral education network and performing an active and creative moral education.


The development of air transport industry in Indonesill will have impact on the national (llJUltion business. The air transport is really needed to mave passengers and goods. At some airports cargo services have been subjected to cargo service charge (CSC) to improve service and security. The research used WfP (willingness to pmj) method through questionnaires and interoiews to 16 forwarder at Ngurah Rai Airport. The results of the study showed that the fonvarder willing (wi1lingness to pmj) to pay cargo seruice charge with a range of value of Rp240, - to Rp395, - and 54.55% of service users to judge the level of service (level of service) provided biJ the management of cargo has the good criterill. It is recommended that the establishment of CSC refers to the futuring poliaJ to make it enforceable and CSC's revenue at Ngurah Rai Airport can be used to imprave cargo services. Keywords: willingness to pay, Cargo Service Charge, forwarder


A review of the literature on the subject of coagulation factors in stored blood and of the effect of massive transfusions of stored blood in hemostasis reveals profound differences of opinion. Tullis' studied platelets separated by elution from cation-exchange resins and stored in a medium containing sterile gelatin solution a t refrigerator temperature. In vitro studies included evaluation of the morphology, of the clot-promoting ability, and of the thromboplastic activity of platelets. Platelets were assayed in a two-stage prothrombin-conversion system: the prothrombin-conversion activity was found to be preserved for 10 weeks. On the basis of these in vitro studies and of results of four platelet transfusions to two patients with thrombocytopenia due to marrow failure, t he author concluded tha t platelets appear to be metabolically relatively inert and to be susceptible to preservation for periods of time f a r in excess of the other cellular elements. Soulier e t al.? found tha t in stored blood, Factor V was reduced to about 25 per cent in 21 days ; Factor I1 was practically unchanged fo r up to 21 days, while Factor VII increased perceptibly. Factor VIII was found to be diminished, but a n exact measurement was not possible because of the increasing "global" thromboplastic activity. This they attr ibuted to a thromboplastic factor present in stored blood, even af te r removal of platelets. In the experience of Soulier, clot retraction was greatly diminished at one week and practically zero at 21 days. Seventy-five per cent of the platelets were found present in the blood af te r 21 days of storage. Mustard,:' in 1956, noted contrasting results in the reported studies of platelet survival and presented a detailed critical study of platelet survival in vitro by a battery of tests including platelet counts, platelet morphology, calcium-clotting time, prothrombin consumption, one-stage prothrombin time and alumina/plasma-thromboplastin activity. The authors found an "unexpectedly" good survival of platelets. These amounted to a n average of 50 per cent at seven days; 16-41 per cent at 21 days. They found tha t a f te r the first three days, platelet count becomes very variable. One interesting observation is tha t the thromboplastin generated by platelets stored 21 days was 56-170 per cent of tha t of the first day. The calcium-clotting time was found to remain normal for the entire period of storage, whereas the prothrombin-consumption time was consistently more than 60 seconds. One important statement is tha t platelets during collection are subject to


A historical highlight to Laser acronym is given .Moreover, Laser heating effects induced in solid targets for one phase and multiphase cases are provided. Metallic and nonmetallic materials are highlighted. The effect of the temperature dependence of the front surface of the irradiated targets on the thermal response are considered. A bibliography of some fundamental papers published on the subject up to 2014 is presented.


This article explores the role of contemplative practices within an emerging interdisciplinary area that I refer to as "creativity and consciousness studies." Within this new area, consciousness is studied from an "integral" perspective that brings together insights from a range of wisdom traditions and modern science. Meditation is presented as an essential first-person modality for investigating consciousness, and formal and nonformal approaches to meditation are delineated to establish important guidelines for the introduction of meditation into an academic setting. The role of "first-person" experience helps to develop new notions of rigor and interdisciplinary learning that can lead to an expanded educational experience, which can help to develop qualities such as mental clarity, inner calm, insight, compassion, and creativity. The article closes with reflections on the importance of expanding our approach to education in light of the demanding challenges and creative opportunities in today's world.


[Background] Due to the special physiological structure of ruminants, the previous researchers focused on the structure and composition of the rumen microbes, which seriously ignored the important role of cecum microorganism in nutrient digestion and intestinal health. [Objective] The study was designed to reveal the bacterial diversity in cecum and their community structure from goat using MiSeq sequencing technology. [Methods] Twelve 10-month-old and weight of 20.70±1.60 kg goats were selected for collecting cecum liquid after normal feeding, after 20 d, the cecum fluid from each goat was collected and then total genomic DNA was extracted from the cecum fluids. High variable region of bacterial 16S rRNA genes was amplified by PCR using bacterial universal primers. Analyzing 1424 微生物学通报 Microbiol. China Tel: 010-64807511; E-mail: email@example.com; http://journals.im.ac.cn/wswxtbcn amplicon sequence data on the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform and biological information analysis using QIIME software were done. [Results] In this sequence, 813 496 effective sequences and 6 883 OTU were obtained, and according to the rarefaction curve and coverage index showed that the result of the sequencing was more comprehensive covering the cecum microorganism community of goats. Alpha diversity and beta diversity analysis showed that there were differences in cecum microbial diversity among goats. At the phylum level, the dominant bacteria were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and the core genus was composed of Clostridium, Ruminococcus and unclassified bacteria of six. The cecum microbes of goats are mainly metabolizing function, including carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism and lipid metabolism. [Conclusion] The diversity of bacteria in the cecum and rumen of goats was significantly different, similar to the composition of fecal microorganisms, and the composition of cecum microorganisms in both goats and single-gastric animals had similarities and differences.


At present,many large and medium-sized enterprises in our country have adopted the 360-degree feedback evaluation system,hoping to enhance their performance.After introducing the definition and theretical basis of the 360-degree feedback evaluation system,the article focuses on the problems when adopting this system,and then puts forward some proposals about how to utilize the system in the Chinese cultural context.


The complex business processes of modern enterprises require extensive modeling efforts, especially for the purpose of analysis and redesign. Often, the scope of modeling goes beyond the boundary of one process and captures all the processes in interrelation with each other and the business environment. In the enterprise context, the modeling activity comprises both intra-organizational and inter-organizational processes. Such extensive modeling is increasingly becoming a challenge without innovative approaches. In this paper, an innovative approach, called Collaborative, Participative, and Interactive Modeling (CPI Modeling), is discussed. As for the applicability of the approach, empirical evidence from a few case studies is also discussed in this paper. The main emphasis of CPI Modeling is on joint modeling sessions with an active collaboration and participation of the users (business process owners).


The canine tuberculum dentale is a cingular derivative found on the lingual surface of the maxillary anterior teeth (Scott and Turner, 2000). It varies in expression from a low ridge to a well-formed cusplet (Hillson, 1986). While a number of studies have reported on its incidence and expression in modern and archaic populations (e.g., Scott and Dahlberg, 1982; Cucina et al., 1999; Bailey, 2000), to the best of our knowledge none has focused on its biomechanical significance. In this paper, we use three-dimensional finite element analyses on two canines, one with and one without a tuberculum dentale, morphed from a scanned image of a human upper canine, to investigate whether this trait plays a significant role in the structural response of the tooth under functional loading.


Four streams in southeast Alaska were studied to determine the effects of forest fertilization with urea on basic productivity and water quality. An initial, short-term increase in ammonia-nitrogen was observed in the treated streams, and nitrate-nitrogen levels increased and remained high compared to control stream levels during the year following treatment. Concentrations did not approach those considered toxic to aquatic life or unsafe for human consumption. Changes in biomass of periphyton and benthic fauna as a result of fertilization were not detected.


An initial stage of InN growth on cubic zirconia (111) substrates has been investigated using first‐principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). We have evaluated adsorption energies of indium and nitrogen atoms on cubic zirconia (111) surfaces, and have found that the differences in the adsorption energies of the indium atoms at various adsorption sites were small, indicating that the migration of the indium atoms on zirconia (111) surfaces occurs readily. On the other hand, we have found that the differences in the adsorption energies of the nitrogen atoms at various adsorption sites were large, implying that the nitrogen atoms tend to stay at the stable site with the largest adsorption energy, which was identified as the O–Zr bridge site. These results suggest that the first layer of InN films is the nitrogen layer. In addition, we have found that the energetically favorable arrangement is comprised of InN(0001)//cubic zirconia (111) and InN $ [11\bar 20] $//cubic zirconia $ [1 \bar 10], $ which is quite consistent with previously obtained experimental data. Furthermore, the hybridization effect between N 2p and O 2p plays a crucial role in determining the interface structure for the growth of InN on cubic zirconia (111) surfaces. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Pb-Zn mineralizing degree is obviously related to the metamorphic grade of coal in the northeastern Yunnan.It is considered that higher degree of Pb-Zn mineralization is due to stronger action of hot ore-forming fluids.A new thought is proposed to forecast mineralization of endogenetic deposits based on metamorphic grade of coal.The basic principles and methods of the thought are discussed.


We agree with Dr. Morin's contention that the marked increase in negative intrapleural pressure seen in the severely obstructed asthmatic patient during inspiration, which results in a significant increase in pooling of blood in the pulmonary veins, is an important cause of the pulsus paradoxus (PP) phenomenon.1 However, other mechanisms can also be contributing to the decreased left ventricular stroke volume. Rebuck and Pengelly2 conclude that the pulmonary hyperinflation and high intrapulmonary pressures could decrease right atrial filling by compressing intrathoracic, extracardiac vessels and limiting atrial distensibility.


Human societies in the contemporary times are increasingly exhibiting a peculiar mark of ambivalence. Uncertainties are making their presence felt in all the aspects of social structure. Important social institutions and the social organizations of the societies worldwide are confronted with the crises of either extinction altogether or radical as well as unprecedented shift in their roles. Such a bizarre social situation is quite seriously affecting the identities of the individuals in the societies at present. Everywhere people are found negotiating with their identities, which have become ruptured, fragmented and contested. Obviously, such a turbulent process of social change has also influenced ethnic identity, which is quite well known for its subtlety. The forces of globalisation amidst all its promises of cultural homogenization are increasingly making people conscious about their ethnic identity. The political economy of globalisation spearheaded by neoliberalism is quite ruthlessly marginalizing people socially, politically and economically. The rhetoric of 'neoliberal development' is continuously making the core – periphery distinction more prominent. Such a situation provides the breeding ground for ethnic identity assertion and reassertion. On the basis of a heightened feeling of internal colonialism people try to mobilize themselves for which ethnicity appears to be the most effective as well as tangible option. Like many societies world over, the Indian society too, is witnessing such a process of ethnic upsurge having tremendous bearing over the future of her democracy. There have been mobilizations by communities like the Banjara, Rajbanshi, Koch, Riyang, Gujjars, Kurmi-Mahatos etc. to achieve ethnic status. Within the framework of the equation of tribalism and ethnicity drawn in the Indian context such


We present laboratory experiments of five different multi-unit auction mechanisms. Two units of a homogeneous object were auctioned off among two bidders with at demand for two units. We test whether expected demand reduction occurs in open and sealed-bid uniform-price auctions. Revenue equivalence is tested for these auctions as well as for the Ausubel, the Vickrey and the discriminatory sealed-bid auction. Furthermore, we compare the five mechanisms with respect to the efficient allocation of the units. We also provide some theoretical insights concerning the equilibria of uniform-price auctions with incomplete information.


This work proposes a simple model of trajectory of rays, based on "knife-edge" diffraction, to calculate the intensity field received by a mobile station inside a forest environment with relief discontinuity. To validate the model, a radio propagation measurement campaign was carried out, in the county of Benfica, near the city of Belem in the State of Para. The measurement system consisted of a fixed laboratory transmitting a carrier at 900 MHz and a mobile laboratory specially mounted to measure and store the instantaneous values of power of the received signal. The results were compared to the simulations made with the proposed model, which presented the best performance compared to other models use in this work.


Objective To detect the expression and pathological significances of Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6), p21, and c-Jun in head and necksquamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods A tissue array was analyzed immunohistochemically. The expression levels of KLF6, p21, and c-Jun in tissues were recorded semi- quantitatively. Results The positive expression of KLF6 in normal, benign tumor, and carcinoma groups were 83.33% , 64.29% , and 57.14% , respectively, the expression among the three groups showed significant differences (P 0.05). The expression of p21 in HNSCC is lower than that in benign tumor and normal groups. The positive expression of c-Jun in normal, benign tumor and carcinoma groups were 33.33%, 64.29%, and 92.86% ,respectively, the expression among the three groups showed significant differences (P 0.05). Furthermore, there were positive correlations between KLF6 and c-Jun (P 0.05). So did between KLF6 and p21 (P 0.05). Conclusion It indicates that combined immunohistochemical examination of KLF6,p21, and c-Jun has great value in the pathological diagnosis of HNSCC.


We retrospectively investigated the clinical and angiographic follow-up results of intracranial vertebral artery (VA) dissection initially presented without subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) to clarify its management. Forty-one patients with VA dissection initially presenting without SAH were studied. Initial angiography revealed pearl and string sign in 18, double lumen sign in 4, aneurysmal dilatation with double lumen in 2, only aneurysmal dilatation in 6, occlusion in 7, and string-like stenosis in 4. Twenty patients, including 6 with subsequent SAH, underwent endovascular treatment (parent artery occlusion in 16 and stent-assisted coil embolization in 4). The other 21 patients were treated conservatively. The intervals between the onset and SAH were 1 day (2 patients), 3 days (2 patients), 14 days (1 patient) and 51 months (1 patient). One of the 16 patients treated by parent artery occlusion suffered from ischemic complications. Stent-assisted coil embolization was safely performed in all of the 4 patients. Follow-up angiography of the 37 patients showed deterioration in 14, complete resolution or improvement in 9, and no change in 14. Thirty-seven patients achieved good recovery, and 4 patients remained moderately disabled due to the initial ischemic attack. Although the natural history of unruptured VA dissection is still unknown, endovascular treatment should be considered for patients with a relatively large or growing aneurysmal dilatation because prognosis of the patients with subsequent SAH is poor.


As the expenditure grows annually,compulsory education develops immensely in Hebei province.But there is still a rural-urban gap.So all levels of governments should ensure the budget for education investment,establish and consummate an education fiscal system,in particular,for the under-developed areas.Rural compulsory education expenditures should be given more attention.


In this paper are summarized the present productions of mid and fine tex yarn by rotor spinning in China.The key elements of combing roller and faulse twist disc affecting greatly the made mid and fine tex yarn quality by rotor spinning are optimized,and 3 processing parameters of combing roller,twisting factor and negative pressure of spinning are also optimally designed.An experimental rotor spinning of 18.2tex yarn is thus followed by adopted the obtained optimal rotor spinning process.


Process for producing calcium soaps, sodium or magnesium fatty acid or olein of vegetable or animal fats and their use as nutrients in monogastric animal feed. This use is made possible by the incorporation soaps glycerol, glycerol plus emulsifier or emulsifier, simplifying the process to the addition performed in the same production process. The use of these soaps in monogastric feeding animals such as pigs and poultry, decreases feeding costs compared to the use of full fat (triglycerides) commonly used in the nutrition of monogastric. The soaps are obtained in powder or granular delivery form which is an advantage regarding fat intake as common liquid so far.


The time-dependent behavior of a thermal storage device incorporating an integrated thermosyphon is analyzed numerically. Energy is added from a constant temperature heat source situated within one portion of the thermosyphon loop. Comparison is made between the stratified thermosyphon-based system and a fully mixed storage volume with constant temperature heat addition by an immersed heat exchanger. In both systems, a fundamental limitation is the decay of the heating power as energy accumulates within the storage volume. The results show however, that the energy transfer rate to storage during charging is significantly higher for the thermosyphon-based system. In addition, the undesirable consequence of energy accumulation can be strongly offset by targeting the dominant frictional losses to a specific flow regime.


Abstract According to Heaps' Law, the increase in the number of types, S, in natural texts consists of L tokens and follows a power law, S = K · L β, where K and β are constants. After presenting the theoretical background, we try to predict the behaviour of Heaps' Law asymptotically using a 25-million-token corpus of original English. We then examine this law in a corpus for English, where original English corpora (O) are compared with three subcorpora of translations into English (T) from three different languages. We show that (1) K and β change along the L-axis: as K grows, β gets smaller; (2) K is larger in the translations and β larger in originals; (3) for a given L, S of O is higher than that of S of T. Finally, we show a more economical way to tell O from T, based on increase in types belonging to specific parts of speech. Last, we discuss the consequences of this research for information retrieval and for translation studies.


Over one-third of China's total energy usage can be attributed to buildings, of which 50% is consumed by HVAC systems. Natural ventilation is an effective approach to increase the quality of indoor air and maintain a comfortable temperature. In order to provide a higher ventilation rate, a stack ventilation system with an auxiliary heat source of solar energy was proposed in this research. Taking the main building of the School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, as an example, the ventilation efficiency of the system was evaluated by using the software of Fluent. The results show that using a stack ventilation system with an auxiliary heat source of solar energy in the lower part of the chimney increases the ventilation capacity by 738% over the unheated case and reduces the average room temperature by 1.7°C compared to the unheated. The proposed system could be orientated to improve natural ventilation for public buildings.


(1) Background: Weed control decreases the competition for nutrients, but also the potential of increased phosphorus (P) mobilization in soils caused by higher plant diversity. (2) Methods: Impacts of weed species under maize on mycorrhizal colonization and plant-availability of P were investigated in two pot experiments. Plant traits and P mobilization were tested in weed-free maize and in mixed growth with six annual weed species. (3) Results: Growth of maize decreased in treatments with weeds, while P concentrations in its shoots increased in mixed growth with C. album, E. crus-galli and P. convolvulus. Mycorrhizal colonization of maize without weeds was low (<20% of root length), but increased in mixed growth with C. album, E. crus-galli and V. arvensis up to 40%. The activities of Pmobilizing hydrolytic enzymes (phosphatases, ß-glucosidase) and plant-availability of P were occasionally higher under mixed growth with weeds. The dimension of weed impacts on P cycling under maize differed significantly between both experiments. (4) Conclusions: Weeds potentially promote P mobilization and mycorrhizal colonization under maize, but this impact is not guaranteed. The weed-based improved P supply of maize should be defined under field conditions to allow a controlled weed tolerance in maize cropping systems.


We first prove two identities which are analogous to Entry 3.3.4 in Ramanujan's lost notebook. The identities in Entry 3.3.4 come out equal to a cubic theta function of Borwein and Borwein [5]. In our case they come out equal to $\frac{(q^4;q^4)^2}{(q^2;q^4)^2}C^2(q)$. We also express $C(q)$ in terms of theta functions $\phi(q)$ and $\psi(q)$. A series expansion of $\log C(q)$ is also given. One of the identities (9) is equivalent to a Theorem in partitions.


The transfusion of ABO non-identical platelets is an accepted practice, involving infusion of antigen and/or antibody that is ABO incompatible with the recipient. This results in the formation of high molecular weight immune complexes, which could, in theory, adversely affect platelet and coagulation factor function. Studies have demonstrated putative deleterious effects of ABO non-identical transfusions. In cardiac surgery patients receiving ABO non-identical platelets required 50% more red blood cell (RBC) transfusions than those who received only ABO identical platelets (Transfusion41:790, 2001). Furthermore, blood group O and A patients have genetically determined lower levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF) than B and AB patients (Blood69:1691,1987), and might be expected to have more bleeding and require more RBC transfusions. Our institution implemented a protocol of transfusing only ABO identical components in April, 2005. We report here the potential effects of transfusing ABO non-identical platelets, by comparing RBC usage in surgical patients before and after introduction of a protocol of "only ABO identical" transfusions. We also report the role of ABO blood group in red cell usage. Because non-group O trauma patients by necessity receive group O red cells we excluded them from this analysis. Transfusion records for all non-trauma surgical patients receiving any platelet transfusions for one year after April, 2005 were reviewed. Patients receiving only ABO identical platelet transfusions were analyzed by blood groups: B/AB versus O/A. Group B/AB patients (n=72) required a mean of 12.5 +/− 11.7 RBCs, whereas group A/O patients (n=313) required 17.8 +/− 20.5 (p=0.036). These findings are the reverse of the patient populations receiving a mixture of ABO identical and non-identical platelets prior to April, 2005, before the implementation of an " only ABO identical" transfusion policy. Group B/AB patients, who received more ABO non-identical platelet transfusions than A/O patients (mean 7.5 +/− 11 versus 3.3 +/− 6.2, p=0.0001), required significantly more RBCs (mean 19 +/− 25 versus 13 +/− 13, p=0.0086). Amongst those receiving only ABO identical transfusions group O patients required the largest number of RBCs, (mean 19.6 +/− 24.1), followed by A (16.0 +/− 15.8, p=0.096), B (13.2 +/− 13.1, p=0.041), and AB (11.2 +/− 7.8, p=0.05). One plausible explanation is that blood group O patients have the lowest levels of vWF and other clotting factors, while AB patients have the highest levels (AB > B > A > O). Our data in recipients of ABO identical transfusions confirm findings in the literature that group O patients may be at greater risk of hemorrhage than groups B and AB patients. However, when ABO non-identical platelets are transfused, significantly more bleeding is seen in group AB and B patients than in group O patients. We hypothesize that ABO non-identical transfusions may impair, rather than improve, hemostasis in some patients.


With the quick development of petroleum drilling,the defects and limitations of band brake become more and more obvious.The brake weight of common band brake is not enough to meet the requirement of emergency state and deeps well with heavy load of hook and deeper drilling.Disc brake has peculiar advantage,more safety,more dependability and practicability.This text is mainly about structural concept,operating principle and the force analysis of caliper bracket of XJ650disc brake system.


Maritime spatial planning (MSP) needs tools to facilitate discussions and manage spatial data in collaborative workshops that involve actors with various backgrounds and expertise. However, the reported use of spatial tools in real‐world MSP is sparse. A better understanding is needed of how geographic information systems (GIS) can effectively support collaboration in MSP. We studied the utility of GIS tools for collaborative MSP in five steps: first, identifying shortcomings in available GIS for supporting collaborative MSP; second, defining requirements for an effective collaborative GIS (CGIS) for MSP; third, designing and developing a prototype CGIS, Baltic Explorer; fourth, demonstrating the system; and fifth, evaluating the system. In a real‐world MSP workshop, we demonstrated that the functionalities of Baltic Explorer can support and facilitate discussions in collaborative work. We also found that more research is needed about the use of spatial data in collaborative MSP and integration of model‐based geospatial analysis into CGIS.


This paper considers inventory models with advance demand information and flexible delivery. Customers place their orders in advance, and delivery is flexible in the sense that early shipment is allowed. Specifically, an order placed at time t by a customer with demand lead time T should be fulfilled by period t + T; failure to fulfill it within the time window [t, t + T] is penalized. We consider two situations: (1) Customer demand lead times are homogeneous and demand arriving in period t is a scalar dt to be satisfied within T periods. We show that state-dependent (s, S) policies are optimal, where the state represents advance demands outside the supply lead-time horizon. We find that increasing the demand lead time is more beneficial than decreasing the supply lead time. (2) Customers are heterogeneous in their demand lead times. In this case, demands are vectors and may exhibit crossover, necessitating an allocation decision in addition to the ordering decision. We develop a lower-bound approximation based on an allocation assumption, and propose protection-level heuristics that yield upper bounds on the optimal cost. Numerical analysis quantifies the optimality gaps of the heuristics (2% on average for the best heuristic) and the benefit of delivery flexibility (14% on average using the best heuristic), and provides insights into when the heuristics perform the best and when flexibility is most beneficial.


Objective To discuss unstable thorace-lumbar spine brust fracture to be treated by anterior-posterior route combined decompression and fixation of Ventro Fix. Methods The clinical material of 16 cases unstable thoraco-lumbar spinal burst being treated by Ventro the Fix system combined with posterior vertebral arch root system to carry on the summary. Results After average 17 months follow-up,the spinal column sequence and the physiological curvature restore normal. in the neurocanal stenosis not existed the bone united well,no secondary kyphotic abnormal angle occurred,no broden of the fixator or loosen complication occurred. Conclusion Anterior route Ventro Fix system is a good system combining with posterior decompression and fixation. It is suitable for the unstable thoraco-lumbar spine burst fracture. The spinal column stability reconstruction and early function restoration will be obtained.


Administratively, the area of Pasauran Village consists of 4 (four) Community Associations, and 12 (twelve) Neighborhood Associations. In general, Pasauran Village Typology consists of Rice Fields and Farms. Topographic Pasauran Village in general, including lowland areas, and based on the height of the area Pasauran Village is classified to (lowlands (0-100 m above sea level). The total population of Pasauran Village. Based on the Village Profile in 2018 there were 2,957 people consisting of 1,525 men and 1,432 women. The main source of income of the population is from agriculture. Land conditions in Serang Regency are divided into two parts, namely protected areas and cultivation areas. In implementing Thematic KKM in Pasauran Village, KKM students are expected to be able to make programs and strategic plans related to the development of tourism and entrepreneurship areas in Pasauran Village. In addition, KKM students are also expected to be able to realize the tri darma of higher education especially in the fields of entrepreneurship, education and culture in the area.


A simple expression is derived for the focal length of the ring aperture of a toroidal hollow-beam gun. A digital-computer programme has been developed to determine the perveance from the potential, the electric field and the second derivative, with respect to toroidal radius, at the anode. With the expressions for the space-charge effect, the lens effect and the perveance, sets of design charts for possible gun parameters can be calculated. The outer electron-beam boundary is here defined by a parameter n, which describes the required minimum beam cross-section; the inner beam boundary is determined by the fact that the electron trajectories behind the anode must be made parallel to the axis, as no space-charge force is acting on the electrons of the inner beam boundary. Several guns have been built to verify the calculations experimentally. When designed according to the above calculations, they produce very well defined electron beams. These beams have been analysed with a pinhole probe and a pinhole-sector probe which permits measurement of the direction of the current density. These results also verify the calculations given in a previous paper, concerning the space-charge flow between cathode and anode of a toroidal hollow-beam gun.


We present a puzzle about knowledge, probability and conditionals. We show that in certain cases some basic and plausible principles governing our reasoning come into conflict. In particular, we show that there is a simple argument that a person may be in a position to know a conditional the consequent of which has a low probability conditional on its antecedent, contra Adams' Thesis. We suggest that the puzzle motivates a very strong restriction on the inference of a conditional from a disjunction.


The effect of microalloy element on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-speed wheel steel was studied. The results show that small Cr addition in steel can decrease the lamellar spacing of pearlite, and markedly increase strength and hardness with almost the same ductility and toughness, and accordingly improve wear and shelling-resistance of wheel steel.


Photolithography is used in industry to manufacture semiconductor elements. Hereby, the nanostructures of the logic gates of a photomask are imaged optically on the semiconductor wafer. For process control, measuring fields consisting of nanostructures in a periodical arrangement are distributed at different points over the entire photomask. The space and funds available being limited, these measuring fields are mostly no larger than 50 μm × 50 μm. Their lithographically processed image on the wafer can then be assessed using a microscope. Working towards quality control applications during the production process, PTB researchers at PTB's laboratory at the BESSY II electron storage ring in Berlin-Adlershof have succeeded in characterizing such measuring fields for the first time by means of small-angle Xray scattering in a reflection geometry. Three times a year, PTB News provides topical information from the varied spectrum of activities of the PhysikalischTechnische Bundesanstalt (PTB) consisting of fundamental research, legal metrology and PTB's various activities in the service of the economy.


The paper presents an approach based on Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence to represent uncertainty in flight plan departure and arrival times. It is shown that the accuracy and credibility of flights plans for a given flight can be completely represented by belief functions. A procedure on how to construct belief functions using the data of actual and scheduled (estimated) departure and arrival times is described. Application of the approach is demonstrated using actual flight data for two flights: Delta DAL1212 from Los Angeles to Atlanta and Airtran Airways TRS841 from Atlanta to Orlando, chosen to represent a cross-country flight and a southeastern flight through Florida from a busy hub airport, Atlanta Harsfield-Jackson Intl.


The submitted study focuses on metacognitive strategies applied when writing a text, both from the theoretical and research point of view. The core of the theoretical starting points is the definition of three basic indicators of the adoption of metacognitive skills which are metacognitive knowledge, monitoring and selfregulation, which jointly form an algorithm applied during the process of textual construction. In another part of the study we present progress and results of the research survey of the diagnosis of metacognitive skills and potential deficits in the group of pupils aged 14 and 15. We notice fundamental factors that present the fundament for the creation of the didactic concept aimed to support the cognitive and metacognitive functions of pupils in the development of textual competence.


The Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC) renewed its battle against the bid protest process in the 2017 National Defense Authorization Act (S. 2943, Section 821). For years, factions within the Senate have questioned whether increases in the number of bid protests filed with the Government Accountability Office (GAO) have resulted in unnecessary delays or costs to the DOD acquisition process, and advocated for reforms that would shield DOD acquisitions from protest. The latest attempt would erode a pillar of oversight that has long been a key to maintaining a credible, transparent and competitive acquisition system.


Although systematic observation and interviews are the most common techniques in ethnography, a deep understanding requires research tools adapted to exploring beyond the observational scope. Nonconventional methods can support ethnography and complement observations and thus refine the construction of meaning. Qualitative research literature deals disproportionately more with some forms of data, typically text, lacking a structured method for visuals. This article arises from a case study using nonconventional methods, such as sociograms and participant-made drawings, and presents a structured method to attain enriched ethnographic analysis. Using this structured method, the research then draws on representation, visualization, and interaction as ports of entry into group dynamics. The aim being to open a way to discovery when visual and interactional representations do not easily translate into words. Spoken language presupposes an ability to capture and convey thought with precision and clarity and to know how the interlocutor may interpret words. A structured method to analyze images can fruitfully assist in the process. Since every research participant has a view on or a way of making sense of the research subject, the method is universal in application.


Mobility is becoming ubiquitous now-a-days; there have been tremendous advances in the next generation mobile communication systems recently, thereby, engendering the need to support all the advancements arising from new theories, algorithms, architectures, standards and protocols. Mobility management has been a growing concern in IPv6 with numerous problems originating from roaming between IPv6 access networks and IPv4 access networks owing to ever-growing research. This paper attempts to succinctly address the enhancement(s) required for IPv6 mobility management protocols for future access networks. Further, the solutions for roaming issues between IPv6 and IPv4 networks have also been highlighted.


Semantic web technology can be applied to a wide range of application domains. Educational-offer selection is an area of the education domain, which can benefit greatly from the application of semantic web technology. The paper explores the educational-offer selection problem as an application of semantic web technology. It specifically deals with the problem of higher education admission. A semantic web-based model for educational-offer selection is presented. Further, Semantic Web Service (SWS) selection and composition models are shown to be applicable to the problem of educational-offer selection. A prototype system, implementing semantic web-based educational-offer selection, is presented.


STUDY DESIGN
A prospective study of patients originally randomized to total disc replacement (TDR) or multidisciplinary rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the long-term development of facet arthropathy (FA) after TDR versus non-operative treatment, and to analyze the association between FA and clinical outcome.

SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA
FA may appear or increase following TDR, but the natural course of FA is unclear, and no previous study has evaluated the long-term development of FA following TDR compared to non-operative treatment.

METHODS
The study included 126 patients with chronic low back pain and degenerative changes in the lumbar intervertebral discs. The patients underwent pre-treatment and eight-year follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and eight-year follow-up computed tomography (CT) of the lumbar spine. The primary outcome measure was FA development (yes/no) on MRI at index level L4/L5 or L5/S1, defined as increased FA grade value from pre-treatment to follow-up according to Weishaupt's grading system. Secondary outcomes included the association between FA (on MRI and CT) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) or back pain as well as reoperations.

RESULTS
Increased index level FA grade was more frequent after TDR versus non-operative treatment (36%, 25/69 versus 2%, 1/57 of patients, p < 0.001), but was not related to change in ODI or back pain. At follow-up, index level FA grades were higher after TDR versus non-operative treatment (odds ratio 4.0 MRI and 5.9 CT), but were not related to ODI ≤ 22. Four patients (6%) treated with TDR and no patients treated non-operatively were operated for lateral recess stenosis with posterior decompression at the index level during follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS
Index level FA development was more likely after TDR compared to non-operative treatment but was not associated with the eight-year clinical outcome. Index level FA may have contributed to reoperations in the TDR group.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
2.


The investigation of the relationship between 78 nurses' coping style and psychological health level by cluster sampling method reveals the following results: firstly,there is difference in frequncy of nurses' coping style.Besides hostile and paranoid factors,their SCL-90 marks are all higher than ordinary group.Secondly,six coping styles and pschological health factors are greatly related to the general state of psychological health.Problem solution,self blame and reasonability come into regressive equation.In one word,nurses' psychological health is lower than ordinary women groups.And their negative coping style is unfavorable to their psychological health.


There's a close relation between algae in water body and water quality,so we can assess the latter according to the algae general index and bio-diversity index.Traditional algae inspection is to take statistics of alga species and number in water body through professional′s naked eye under microscope.This paper puts forward another new approach of algae classifying and counting based on digital microimage processing and analysis.As a result,it is proved to be effective.


In privatization programmes, the state commonly keeps a minority ownership stake in firms. We provide an explanation based on the externality that privatization of one firm has on the profitability of others. If this externality is negative, as with oligopolistic firms, the government can gain a strategic advantage in bargaining over the sale of one firm if it keeps an ownership share in another. We consider both the simultaneous and the sequential sale of firms. The results apply to the period in which privatization takes place, and are consistent with the delayed sale of minority ownership often observed in practice.


Objective To observe the effects of osthole on the blood lipids in rats.Methods Ovariectomized and hyperlipidemic rat model were used,the blood lipids were mensurated by colorimetry method after treated with osthole at doses of 5~20 mg/kg for 12 weeks and 20 days respectively.Results In ovariectomized rat model,the serum TG and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio in the groups with doses of osthole at doses of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg were depressed evidently,but the decrement of serum LDL-C level was not evident.In hyperlipidemic rat model,the serum TC and TG were restrained notably by osthole,and reduction of serum LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio had a dose-dependent trend.Conclusion Osthole possesses the lipid-lowering effects,especially in rats with hyperlipidemia.


The double aza-Michael reaction of enantiopure primary amines on bis α,β-unsaturated diesters has been studied under various activating conditions. High pressure allowed a rapid and efficient access to meso-2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidines.


Due to the narrow range of the solidification temperature and the high body shrinkage ratio,defects such as pores and shrinkage porosity may exist in the Cu-Ni alloy casting.In this investigtion,the temperature field and formation of the defects during Cu-Ni alloy solidification process was simulated utilizing the commercial FEM software ProCAST.The quality of casting on different pouring conditions were analyzed by the combination of experimental results and the simulation results,and the design of pouring model was optimized The simulation results show that Cu-Ni alloy ingot has the optimum quality on the casting condition of the steel mold with a insulated riser.


This paper has hackled the ZHANG Da-qian's scholarship from three aspects of his academic attitude,methods and thinking.In addition,it has analyzed the dilemma in the training of Chinese painters.And it has managed to give some proposals for such training.


Increasing numbers of collaborations between the humanitarian and academic sector should have led to a significant increase in the amount of quality technology reaching the field and having a scaled impact. It has not. Following on from research with key stakeholders in these collaborations, we lay out the key reasons why there is often such a disconnect between high-level strategic intentions, and practical implementation. These are broken down into misunderstandings over: resources; deployment strategies; and roles and responsibilities. Through articulating such pitfalls, it is hoped that this commentary can contribute to smoother collaborations and greater impact.


Precision plastic optical systems frequently depart from traditional design geometries and often include integrated optical and mechanical features. Light can often propagate through the plastic "mechanical" features as easily as through the optical surfaces. This paper discusses modeling and analysis techniques that have been used successfully to quantitatively evaluate energy collection and stray radiation performance in several unusual plastic optical systems. Examples will include a fluid flow sensor and an injection molded plastic triplet imaging system.


The present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a useful and stable azole-based compound as an antifungal drug. According to the present invention, the azole-based compound unstable to acid, mixed with a basic material such as magnesium oxide bicarbonate, triethylamine, arginine, can solve the above problems. The pharmaceutical composition, even though the conditions of manufacture, temperature and humidity changes during storage stable without the compound is not decomposed. In addition, it is possible that, by systemic administration orally, injections, is useful as a therapeutic drug of simjaeseong fungus. Azole-based compounds, triazole-based compound, a basic substance


A technique for balancing raw washability data utilizing the least-squares approach is proposed. The sum of the squares of the relative errors between the raw and estimated data is minimized. The generated balanced data satisfy mass and ash balance conditions. Actual data are used to illustrate the proposed technique.


【Objective】To investigate the influences of different dosage atorvastatin on serum MMP-2,TIMP-2 levels of patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).【Methods】65 patients with ACS were randomly divided into three groups: Atorvastatin 40 mg group(25 cases),atorvastatin 20 mg group(25 cases) and control group(15 cases).The serum level of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were compared among all groups.【Results】After treatment,the serum level of MMP-2 and MMP-2/ TMIP-2 in three groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P 0.05).After treatment,the serum level of TMIP-2 in Atorvastatin 40 mg group and atorvastatin 20 mg group were significantly higher than those before treatment(P 0.05).After treatment,the serum level of MMP-2 and MMP-2/TMIP-2 in atorvastatin 40 mg group and atorvastatin 20 mg group were significantly lower than those in control group(P 0.05).After treatment,the serum level of TMIP-2 in atorvastatin 40mg group and atorvastatin 20 mg group were significantly higher than those in control group(P 0.05).The rate of major adverse cardiac events in atorvastatin 40 mg group and atorvastatin 20 mg group were significantly lower than those in control group(P 0.05).The rate of major adverse cardiac events in atorvastatin 40 mg group was significantly lower than those in atorvastatin 20 mg group(P 0.05).【Conclusions】Atorvastatin could decrease the serum level of MMP-2 and increase the serum level of TIMP-2,and it might have a beneficial effect on steadying the plaque.The high dosage atrovastatin has the better effect of steadying the plaque.


The Inverted Pendulum is a highly nonlinear, unstable, and fast dynamic system. These characteristics make it a popular benchmark for building and testing novel controllers. Therefore, in this study, a sliding mode controller is proposed and tested on the inverted pendulum system. According to the results of the simulation experiments with a sine signal as a reference, the proposed controller can stabilize the system well and has so fast response. Moreover, we have tuned the parameters of the proposed sliding mode controller in order to eliminate the chattering effect, the overshoot, and the steadystate error.


Although entrepreneurship can be taught in different ways, entrepreneurship education impact studies generally fall short with regard to acknowledging the teaching models of the programs they assess. This severely limits our understanding of how entrepreneurship education actually works. To address this gap, this study describes and implements a procedure to identify the teaching models of entrepreneurship education courses and shows how different teaching models are associated with entrepreneurial learning outcomes. Our analysis is based on a sample of 376 Italian university students who responded to the Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students' Survey (GUESSS) and attended entrepreneurship education courses. We describe and implement a coding procedure that allows us to classify the entrepreneurship courses attended by the respondents into five different teaching models (Supply, Supply–Demand, Demand, Demand–Competence and Competence). We find that courses based on the Supply–Demand, Demand and Demand–Competence Models are associated with better entrepreneurial learning outcomes than those based on the Supply Model. Our findings contribute to the theory and practice of entrepreneurship education program evaluation and design.


The paper dwells upon the creation of an aviation starter-generator with combined excitation for development of aircraft power supply systems in order to provide conceptual, technical, and experimental design of high-speed synchronous generators with electromagnetic excitation in aviation.


This study is a continuation of my previous article (Nagy, 2012). You will find an analysis of legal forms eligible for football clubs, as well as the method of management by the owner determined primarily by such forms there. We primarily keep in mind how these forms influence the possibilities of financing and acquisition of capital. In the case of a professional football club, fundamental sports objectives can conflict with the investor intent, which might be, in many cases, to primarily take care of the increase of profits instead of serving the aims of football and the most important designation of a football club. Entrepreneurship and management, which takes into account the possibilities of a football club, allows the implementation of the most important objectives of sports, even if it is necessary to involve a considerable amount of capital. Through transportation into an incorporated firm, the appropriate shaping and operation of a group of companies, the aims of capitalisation will also be pursued, while the sports objectives remain the primary ones. (Such forms are limited liability companies, limited partnerships, share companies, registered associations, etc.). On the basis of foreign experience, our study intends to make findings and proposals in order to serve the establishing and operating of such forms of enterprises, which will also create – in addition to the priority of sports objectives – broad possibilities for capitalisation in professional football.


### What you need to know

Post-acute covid-19 ("long covid") seems to be a multisystem disease, sometimes occurring after a relatively mild acute illness.1 Clinical management requires a whole-patient perspective.2 This article, intended for primary care clinicians, relates to the patient who has a delayed recovery from an episode of covid-19 that was managed in the community or in a standard hospital ward. Broadly, such patients can be divided into those who may have serious sequelae (such as thromboembolic complications) and those with a non-specific clinical picture, often dominated by fatigue and breathlessness. The specialist rehabilitation needs of a third group, covid-19 patients whose acute illness required intensive care, have been covered elsewhere.3

In the absence of agreed definitions, for the purposes of this article we define post-acute covid-19 as extending beyond three weeks from the onset of first symptoms and chronic covid-19 as extending beyond 12 weeks. Since many people were not tested, and false negative tests are common,4 we suggest that a positive test for covid-19 is not a prerequisite for diagnosis.

### How common is it?

Around 10% of patients who have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus remain unwell beyond three weeks, and a smaller proportion for months (see box 1).7 This is based on the UK COVID Symptom Study, in which people enter their ongoing symptoms on a smartphone app. This percentage is lower than that cited in many published observational …


Robot path planning problem arises in a variety of industrial application scenarios. In manufacturing automation, we often require a robot to quickly go to its home position from a given initial point while avoiding possible collisions with the environment. In hard disk drive testing, fast recovery following from a robot failure, for example, a motion stop or robot gripper sensor failure, is desired in order to reduce manual intervening and improve production efficiency. In the academic field, under the assumption that the environment dimension is completely known, the robot path planning problem has been solved theoretically using either the complete methods, or the probabilistic algorithms. However, in industrial fields, most commonly used path planning algorithms are still empirical, and are often based on human intuition. There is still a big gap between the state-of-the-art path planning techniques that are already developed in the academic field and the methods used in the industrial fields. This paper reports a practical approach for path planning with an intention to bridge the gap. This approach constructs a set of collision-free milestones iteratively, which gives rise to a partition of robot configuration space such that the collision-free portion of each cell is star-shaped. Then it is straightforward to draw a collision-free path from a point in robot configuration space to one of the collision-free milestones as well as constructing and verifying paths among these milestones.


Introduction. This paper reports the outcomes from a literature review of the concept of data cultures as the first step in extending the body of knowledge relating to information culture in the information science domain and raising awareness of the need for further research. Method. A scoping literature review was conducted of English language peer reviewed publications indexed in SCOPUS as well as specialist information and computer science databases. Results. There is a rich and growing body of research concerned with the concept of data cultures, spread across a wide range of disciplines but without any evidence of a universally adopted shared definition or understanding. Information science expertise does not appear to be widely recognised as providing any essential insight into this problem space. Conclusion. The knowledge and understanding of information cultures gained from information science research does not seem to be being applied to data dominated environments. Expertise relating to information behaviour, digital literacies, information management, digital sustainability and preservation are unique and essential perspectives to understand issues relating to data cultures.


Based upon analysis of the common quality defects of prestressed concrete continuous box girder encountered in construction practical prevention and treatment measures are proposed in order to improve construction quality and exert the structural advantages of this kind of bridge.


Abstract 1946 Poster Board I-969 STATEMENT OF PURPOSE: Rituximab (RTX) is a chimeric antibody targeting CD20, a membranous B-cell specific protein, currently used in the treatment of B-cell malignancies and various autoimmune diseases. Despite its clear efficacy in non-Hodgkin9s lymphoma, clinical and biological responses are highly variable between patients. Therefore, predictive factors are necessary to adapt therapy to each individual as early as possible. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied a set of biomarkers in a cohort of 39 patients with indolent non-Hodgkin9s B-cell lymphoma (low grade follicular lymphoma or marginal zone lymphoma) and a low tumour burden, treated with single agent RTX as follows: 4 weekly 375 mg/m 2 infusions, associated with short-course oral steroids. All patients benefited from FDG-PET analysis before treatment and 10 weeks later, allowing their classification into 3 early response groups: complete isotopic remission, partial response and no response. Dosage of rituximabemia, BAFF and Human Anti-Chimeric Antibodies (HACA) was performed with in-house ELISAs before each infusion and 2 months later. Polymorphisms of FcγRIIIa [158] , FcγRIIa [131] and C1qA [276] genes were determined using allele-specific PCR or direct sequencing. Results were compared using Student9s t-Test or two-tailed Fischer9s exact test when appropriated. RESULTS: Referring to PET analysis, 18 patients were classified as complete isotopic remission, and 21 as partial or no response. Mean age was significantly lower in the first group (54 y+/-19 vs 66+/-13, p=0.022), as well as initial SUVmax (6.3+/-3.4 vs 10.8+/-6.8, p=0.024). Serum levels of RTX were highly variable between patients at each timepoint, but were not statistically different between the different response groups. Basal levels of BAFF were not statistically different between lymphoma patients and a control population, and did not vary after RTX-induced B cell depletion. No patient developed a HACA response during the study. Homozygous FcγRIIIa158V/V genotype was significantly associated with a complete response (p=0.037). Conversely, FcγRIIa [131] and C1qA [276] polymorphisms were not associated with the response. Genetic polymorphisms seemed to modify RTX pharmacokinetics, since homozygous FcγRIIa [131] H/H, FcγRIIIa [158] V/V and C1qA [276] G/G subjects displayed lower levels of RTX than others, without reaching statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Younger age, lower initial SUVmax and FcγRIIIa [158] V/V genotype are associated with a better early response to RTX in indolent lymphoma patients, as assessed by PET analysis. FcγR polymorphisms affect RTX kinetics probably through a modification of the efficacy of antibody dependant cell cytotoxicity. Determination of these factors could help in adapting individually therapeutic protocols. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The mathematical model MATMOD-Z has been built to permit computer simulation of in-reactor Zircaloy deformation behavior. The 250 to 450°C temperature range is covered together with a wide range of possible strain rates, accrued strains, and as-fabricated material conditions. MATMOD-Z is comprised of coupled time-rate equations in stress, strain, temperature, fast neutron flux, and certain material state variables. These latter quantities are: F d e f , representing the friction stress due to isotropic deformation-induced obstacles; F s o l , representing the friction stress due to solute drag; R, the "rest stress," or back stress due to directional obstacles; and f 2 , the Kearns texture number in the direction bisecting the basal pole intensity peaks. Comparison of MATMOD-Z predictions to independent test data indicate a distribution of errors in predicted stress given complex strain-time-temperature history with standard deviation of the order of 17 percent. The most important source of error is thought to lie in an effect not treated in the current model, namely, increased solute drag with increasing dislocation density.


Internet of Things node authentication via blockchain is discussed in this study (loST). Each node's credentials are verified as part of network security. Cluster leaders receive this data from sensor nodes and process it using loST. CHs gather information. They are exhausted by the additional workload. DDR-LEACHE was suggested as a solution to this issue. DDR-LEACH can replace CHs with conventional nodes if distance from the BS, residual energy and degree are taken into account. The cost of adding additional data to the blockchain is prohibitive. This problem can be solved by utilising IPFS, an external data store. Because AES 128-bit encryption is superior to other approaches, IPFS employs it to safeguard data. For transactions, proof-of-work requires too much computational resources. Consensus proof of authority is used as a basis for this solution (PoA). The model's efficiency and efficacy are demonstrated by the simulation results. According to a comparison, DDR-LEACH improves network lifetime while consuming less energy than LEACH. IPFS storage and service provisioning transaction costs can be reduced by using PoA. We can forecast how long it will take by comparing AES 128-bit encryption to the existing method. Smart contract security is examined. MITM and Sybil were used to test our system's resilience.