State-of-the-art microlithographic processes used to make features smaller than 0.25 microns are based upon deep-UV lithography and chemically amplified resists (CARs). In these resists, photoacid generated during exposure initiates cascading deprotection reactions during post exposure bake (PEB) to form a developable image. Reaction may not be limited to the illuminated areas since the photo-generated protons may diffuse outside this region; therefore, it is important to understand the diffusional characteristics of the photoacid. In this contribution, macroscopic free volume changes in the photoresist film were studied using multi-wavelength interferometry, and acid mobility and concentration during PEB were studied using crystal violet. This probe was added to the Shipley Apex-E 2408 DUV photoresist, and measurements were carried out in situ on quartz substrates. Crystal violet is a triphenylmethane 'propeller' molecule whose excited-state lifetime increases as the local free volume decreases, and molecular rotation is hindered. This feature can be used to characterize the free volume in the photoresist using ground- state recovery experiments. In addition, crystal violet has three protolytic forms, each with a unique absorption spectrum, and a calibration of the absorption spectrum as a function of acid concentration was used to measure the acid concentration during PEB. These studies illustrate the utility of spectroscopic techniques to characterize CARs in situ.


A method for determination of trace nickel in alloy by flow injection system of on-line ion-exchange preconcentration combined with flame atomic absorption spectrometry was established.In this experiment,sample and reagent flowed from the narrower end of the column to the broader end and the eluent flowed through it in the reverse direction by double-column to minimize dispersion,using 80 mesh 732 strong acid cation exchange resin in the 0.10mol/L HCl on-line ion-exchange enrich the Ni2+ of samples,and 2.0mol/L HCl eluted.The double column manifold and operating program for on-line ion exchange and flame atomic absorption spectrometry were designed,and chemical conditions and operation parameters were optimized.It can effectively eliminate a large number of co-existence of iron by NH4F.The detection limit of the method was 3.6ng/ mL and the calibration curve was rectilinear over 0.010~0.50μg/mL.The proposed method has been applied to the determination of trace Ni2+ in standard alloy and experimental results are in agreement with the certified values.


The thermo-flutter of supersonic wing with high angle of attack under the condition of aerodynamic heating was analyzed in this paper.The flutter motion equation was founded by modal superposition method.The unsteady aerodynamic forces in the supersonic and subsonic field were calculated respectively by the methods of local flow piston theory and the linearization theory of small disturbance.And the motion response was solved by state space method and Runge-Kutta method.The computation results of the two examples showed that the accuracy of the method met the requirement in engineering.Meanwhile,the impact of aerodynamics heating on flutter was discussed.


As a new initiative by smart city projects that are going viral in worldwide ICT developments, mostly by governments, IoT sensors and their applications have been exploited and adopted proactively nowadays. A useful but relatively low-tech application is counting human presence by using carbon dioxide sensor. Such CO2 sensors are durable and inexpensive, with their compact sizes they could be deployed anywhere for estimating head counts ubiquitously. In this paper, a case study of applying CO2 sensors in public buses is investigated. Counting passengers in public buses or public transport in general has great economics advantages. However, a few technical challenges include but not limited to the mobility of the bus, the dynamic air flows, and factors such as windows were open, ventilation and even urban pollution etc, would affect the accuracy of occupancy counting. Hardly there would be a simple linear mapping between the number of people in a bus and the measurement of CO2 level. Hence, non-linear machine learning tool is used for inferring the non-linear relation between the two, with the consideration of the mentioned influential factors. Empirical data are collected from experiments conducted in several different buses over different times. The results can point to a promising conclusion that satisfactory accuracy could be achieved.


We study the charged lepton electric dipole moments in the Randall Sundrum model where the leptons and the gauge fields are accessible to the extra dimension. We observe that the electron (muon; tau) electric dipole moment reaches to the value of the order of 10 − 26 e − cm (10 − 20 e − cm ; 10 − 20 e − cm ) with the inclusion of the lepton KK modes.


Seen through the lens of health literacy and biological literacy, biomimicry is the golden thread through many if not all the biology inspired fields. Biomimicry is generally referred to as learning from and emulating the genius of nature's forms, processes, and ecosystems to create more sustainable designs.3,4 Because biomimicry is an evolving field4 interdisciplinary collaboration is of import in advancing the discipline. The discipline is already growing rapidly as tools are being developed at the university level around distinct biomimicry methods and health related research questions.5 Notwithstanding, the methodology of biomimicry is closely related to Schools of Life Sciences, Schools of Health Solutions, Biology Departments and Design Departments.


Cubic Journal is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal. All journal content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). Work may be copied, shared and distributed when authors are properly accredited; this includes outlines of any work. Amendments to the original work needs to be shown. The licensor does not in any way endorse third party views or how journal content is used by others. How to Cite APA AbdouMaliq, S. (2018). Designing Space for the Majority: Urban Displacements of the Human. Cubic Journal, 1(1), 124-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.31182/cubic.2018.1.007


The present invention relates to a pad used in a semiconductor test and, more specifically, to a semiconductor test pad having stacked metal foils that is manufactured by preparing first sheets using a metal foil, and etching, stacking, and then vertically cutting the first sheets, and a manufacturing method thereof. The semiconductor test pad of the present invention comprises: first layers formed of an insulator having a rectangular cross section and a predetermined length in the Y-axis direction and second layers formed of a plurality of rectangular conductors passing through an insulator at every predetermined interval in the Z-axis direction, the insulator having the same height in the Z-axis direction and length in the Y-axis direction as the first layer, wherein the first layers and the second layers are alternately stacked in the X-axis direction to form a rectangular pad on the whole, and the first layers are located at opposite ends of the pad in the X-axis direction.


Le conte en ses paroles: La figuration de l'oralite dans le conte merveilleux du Classicisme aux Lumieres. Edited by Anne Defrance andfean-Francois Permi. Paris: Editions Desjonqueres-LEsprit des Lettres, 2007. 504 pp. The volume under review presents the proceedings of the second conference titled Le conte en ses paroles: le dire et le dit dans le conte merveilleux de Y âge Classique (XVIIe-XVIIIe siecles), which took place at the University of Grenoble 3-Stendhal, September 22-24, 2005. The thirty- two presentations, put together by Anne Defrance and Jean-Francois Perrin, join a larger group project directed by Perrin and focused on the subject of "The Fairy Tale in the Seventeenth Century: The Wonder Tale and the Baroque Culture of the Voice" (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, LIRE, University Grenoble 3, 2002-2006). Perrin opens his preface to the volume by quoting the initial challenge for this original research: "At a time . . . when the notion of 'oral literature' was widely circulating and especially attached to the mighty revival of tale- telling as a social practice, it seems necessary to re- think this notion in a critical way, by reviewing the overpowering of speech by writing and the special capacity of literature to produce 'fictions of presence.'" Orality and literature are thus perceived as complementary notions. The studies present in this volume cover the period from the end of the seventeenth century to the end of eighteenth century. These two centuries in France represent the golden era when fairies became fashionable among the members of a social elite who attended the "salons." This elite was often presided over by women, who maintained an important role as tale-tellers. Combined with the art of conversation, this tale-telling drew its themes and techniques from three distinct sources: oral tradition, literary tradition, and translated oriental tales. The volume's objective, as Perrin defines it in his preface, is to investigate the representations of orality in wonder tales (fairy tales and oriental tales) by employing a resolute literary perspective. In other words, the volume purports to examine language and style, since literary fairy tales were written in order to be read. The volume is organized into three large sections: (1) Fictions de voix (Voice fictions), (2) Co-enonciation et mise en scene (Co-enunciation and staging), and (3) Le corps des mots, le jeu des recits (The body of words, the playful ways of narration). The volume also combines several approaches, which all focus on the transformations of orality and literary enunciation, with an emphasis on the connection between classical fairy tales and dramaturgy or staging. The first part (Fictions de voix) brings to the foreground the tale's and the classic tale-teller's polyphony. In their focus, numerous papers straddle orality and literature, as they examine the convergences with and divergences from other literary genres of the fairy tale as a (sub) gen re; for instance, several papers compare fairy tales with theater, which also derives from oral discourse. Lewis C. Seifert opens the volume with an important essay on the history of literary critics, from seventeenth-century tale-tellers to twentieth-century historians, philologists, and anthropologists, who have concerned themselves with classic fairy tales. The essential point of this retrospection is to depict the evolution of orality itself as a concept, and to comment on its complexity and polysemy. Jean-Paul Sermain approaches the fairy tale as a subgenre of the wider genre of the novel and examines the features that connect it with orality by looking at three synchronic models of writing - those of Charles Perrault, Antoine Galland, and Anthony Hamilton. Christine Noille-Clauzade follows the same interconnecting direction in her paper and relates fairy tales to historic and chivalric novellas. Francoise Gevrey associates parodie tales with a typology of comedy through a detailed presentation of the use of the terms bavard (talkative) and babillard (babbling), introduced into the fairy tales' vocabulary from the domain of the oral. …


This paper investigates the problem of finding the minimum redundancy code that will correct any specified set of error patterns which can occur anywhere within a code word or overlap two code words. Suppose a set of likely error patterns in a communication system is given. Although codes which have been designed to correct random error patterns and burst error patterns can be used, the main concern here is to find linear block codes which will correct this set of error patterns with the fewest possible redundant bits for different code wordlengths.<<ETX>>


Provided are: an algae cultivation method whereby an osmotic pressure regulator can be efficiently produced using simple steps; a production method for said regulator; and an algae cultivation method that recovers carbon dioxide from a mixed gas including carbon dioxide and sulfurous acid gas. The algae cultivation method includes: a step in which, under a plurality of cultivation conditions having different temperature, pH, and salt concentration conditions, environmental sample-derived microalgae cultures are cultivated under photoautotrophic conditions and a plurality of enriched cultures that contain at least 1 wt% betaine, etc., and have different dominant species of microalgae plexus are prepared; a step in which an optimum enriched culture suitable for main cultivation is selected from the plurality of enriched cultures in accordance with the expected culture medium temperature and pH fluctuation for the main cultivation and a culturing plan for the main cultivation operation is prepared; a step in which the optimum enriched culture is used, main cultivation occurs under photoautotrophic conditions and at a salt concentration of at least 10 wt%, and a betaine-containing main culture is prepared; and a betaine-separation step. During main cultivation, a mixed gas including sulfurous acid gas and carbon dioxide is blown into a betaine-containing algae culture solution and algae is cultivated.


Nanoporous TiO2 and SiO2–ZrO2 membranes with controlled pore sizes were prepared by sol–gel processing and combined with a high CO2 solubility ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([emim][Ac]), by hand-coating the ionic liquid onto the membrane surface, and then by a spray-coating procedure. The CO2 permeation through SILMs based on a support with 20 nm pores (SILM-20), PCO2 = 2.28 ± 0.16 × 10–8 mol/(m2·s·Pa), was 62% higher than that permeance obtained for SILMs with 1 nm pore sizes (SILM-1). Besides, the activation energy for permeation increased for membranes with smaller pore sizes, which suggested that the properties of the ionic liquid were influenced by the interaction with the membrane pore surface. The membranes prepared by spray coating revealed a CO2 permeance as high as PCO2 = 4.31 ± 0.13 × 10–8 mol/(m2·s·Pa), with an ideal CO2/N2 selectivity of α(CO2/N2) = 31.18 ± 1.34, which outperformed the current state-of-the-art materials for CO2/N2 separation.


Purpose

The purpose of the paper is to examine the extent and trends of income inequality as well as the contribution of household and community-level factors in explaining inequality within north and south in Ghana.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employs both descriptive and regression methods. The study adopts the methodology by Fields (2002) to assess the importance of household and community attributes in explaining the level of inequality within the north and the south.

Findings

The findings of the study show that household characteristics such as urban location, no education, public and private formal economic activities, and not covered by National Health Insurance Scheme are major determinants of inequality within the north and the south. Specifically, within the north, the 20-34 year age group is the most prominent contributor to inequality. Within the south, the most important determinant of inequality is the completion of junior high school. The contribution of community-level features shows that, within the north, access to banks is the most vital factor to inequality, whereas within the south, access to electricity and public transport is the most important community factor.

Practical implications

The study provides an understanding of the underlying household and community factors driving the observed inequality patterns within the north and the south in Ghana. Policy options are identified for achieving the sustainable development goals.

Originality/value

The study uses the latest round of the Ghana Living Standards survey, GLSS 6, which covers new data on a nationally representative sample of 18,000 households in 1,200 enumeration areas.


Kinetics of multielectron redox processes with the participation of polynuclear Mn(IV) complexes was studied in sulfuric acid solutions. Depending on the reaction conditions (the concentration of manganese, temperature, and acidity), the process occurs via the decomposition of bi-, tetra- and hexanuclear complexes of Mn(IV). The kinetics of oxidant consumption and product formation depends on the degree of Mn(IV) complex polymerization.


We analyze the process of thermalization, dynamics and the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) for the single impurity Anderson model, focusing on the Kondo regime. For this we construct the complete eigenbasis of the Hamiltonian using the numerical renormalization group (NRG) method in the language of the matrix product states. It is a peculiarity of the NRG that while the Wilson chain is supposed to describe a macroscopic bath, very few single particle excitations already suffice to essentially thermalize the impurity system at finite temperature, which amounts to having added a macroscopic amount of energy. Thus given an initial state of the system such as the ground state together with microscopic excitations, we calculate the spectral function of the impurity using the microcanonical and diagonal and grand canonical ensembles. By adding or removing particles at a certain Wilson energy shell on top of the ground state, we find qualitative agreement between the spectral functions calculated for different ensembles. This indicates that the system thermalizes in the long-time limit, and can be described by an appropriate statistical-mechanical ensemble. Moreover, by calculating the impurity spectral density at the Fermi level and the dot occupancy for energy eigenstates relevant for microcanonical ensemble, we find good support for ETH. The ultimate mechanism responsible for this effective thermalization within the NRG can be identified as Anderson orthogonality: the more charge that needs to flow to or from infinity after applying a local excitation within the Wilson chain, the more the system looks thermal afterwards at an increased temperature. For the same reason, however, thermalization fails if charge rearrangement after the excitation remains mostly local.


The paper describes with practical details equipment for making null measurements of the earthed-base impedance parameters and of α1. Measurements on collector open-circuit are included and typical results at frequencies up to 30 kc/s are given.


Perceptual motion blur was studied using imagery presented on an LCoS projector equipped with a mechanical shutter to reduce pixel hold‐time. Perceptual measures of image blur were obtained with a simple test stimulus, as well as imagery similar to that used in Air Force flight simulation and training. Measured pixel hold‐time was found to accurately predict perceived blur.


Faith-based organizations (FBOs) make up one of the largest cohorts of organizations providing international development work around the globe. The extraordinary heterogeneous nature of FBOs is bewildering, and typologies and other methods have been developed to try and sub-categorize them or to distil their defining characteristics. This article looks at how useful some of those attempts are for analytical purposes. Taking data from a detailed case study of eight World Vision offices around the globe, it was possible to go back and test the robustness of some of these methods. Typologies were inadequate because they forced an approximation or tried to plot behaviours in a linear way. Some approaches could not deal with the diversity of the contexts. Most especially, however, the study highlights that the failure to take account of the underlying theological premise of the FBOs can produce an anomalous picture. The article is cautious about methods which are overt measures of religiosity and favours the quadrant proposed by Vanderwoerd. This approach takes account of the theological outlook of those FBOs that are more comfortable in working with open systems.


Objective(s): Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are not only specific physical and chemical properties but also are considered for their antibacterial activity and ecofriendly.Materials and Methods:In this study a simple, cost effective biologically method for Ag+reducing to Ag NPs using Echinops extractas a stabilizer, and reducing agent.Ag NPs were analyzed using UV-Vis spectrometry,TEM, XRD and FTIR. The role of Echinops concentration, silver nitrate concentration, pHand reaction time on the synthesis of nanoparticles were studied. Antibacterial activity of the Ag NPs werecarried out by disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Alsothe amount of MBC and MIC for AgNPs against bacteria wereinvestigated.Results: The AgNPs formation were observed as a color change of the mixture from colorless to dark-brownish. The UV-Vis spectroscopy absorbance peak at 420 nm confirmed the presence of Ag NPs. TEM analysis, showed Ag NPs were spherical, triangle and bar particles in shape with size range within 1.32-36.41 nm. XRD study showed particles were crystalline in nature. FTIR analysis detected that Ag NPsare functionalized with biomolecules that are present in the aqueous Echinops extractact as the reducing agents and stabilizing the nanoparticles. The results showed that the time of reaction, temperature, pH, Echinops extract concentration and AgNO3concentration could accelerate the formation of AgNPs.Conclusion: In this study, synthesized Ag NPs havethe efficient antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Ag NPs havean importantfunction in the field of nanotechnology and nanomedicine.


Objective:To appraise the clinical effects of transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy and 4th EMS in the treatment of chronic seminal vesiculitis.Method:Fifteen patients with chronic seminal vesiculitis included 14cases with unilateral disease and one case with bilateral diseases.All cases suffered from perineal region complaint. Fourteen of them were found hematospermia.Nine of them were shown prostatitis.Six cases were discovered seminal stones.Diagnoses were confirmed by rectum ultrasound and CT before operation.Fourth EMS was able to absorb the different viscidity infected seminal plasma.When the process of absorption appeared unsuccessful,ultrasound lithotripsy procedure was applied.Result:Operation time was 20-60min and hospital stay was 3-12d. Four to twelve weeks' follow-up results showed:all the hematospermia and four prostatitis patients were cured;14 cases with perineal region complaint released.A case was found testitis and epididymitis three days after the operation and cured with anti-inflammatory treatment.Conclusion:The procedure of transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy and 4th EMS in the treatment of chronic seminal vesiculitis is worth promoting for its safety,minimal invasion,no seminal,rectal or other injuries.Moreover,infected seminal plasma and stones can be completely cleaned simultaneously.


. In medicine, according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), within the area of psychological diseases, there are 23 mental disorders of which neurodevelopment, psychotic, bipolar, obsessive-compulsive, stress disorders, anxiety stand out. and depressants, among others. At present, the creation of technological tools that facilitate the detection or diagnosis of diseases have revolutionized the way in which they are treated. In recent years, the design and creation of video games focused on educational purposes (Serious Games) has increased. The Serious Games are based on real scenarios, and their objective is to enhance the learning of higher order cognitive processes and skills in a specific context, which helps to improve behaviors and gather information. Within this area, simulations and video games designed to help the recovery of patients with chronic or terminal illnesses are included, as well as those designed to help with psychotherapy and overcome trauma, such as depression. The present work is based on the creation of a serious game based on the psychology of color of Max Luscher, the test of the human figure of Karen Machover, HTP by John Buck, with the aim of detecting depression in young people and children through of Criteria that can be analyzed according to their behavior and selective preferences during the game using an information gathering methodology in the analysis and design phase of the serious game, which allows to obtain a quality game, for its detection, fulfilling the specific purposes established.


Objective To discuss the relationship between hypoalbuminemia and 7kind of Elements in Sever Stroke Patients.Methods A case-control study was carried out among 200 sever stroke patients,they were divided into the hypoalbuminemia group(ALB 30-35g/L 76 patients,ALB 25-30g/L 48 patients,ALB25g/L 8patients)and the control group(ALB≥35g/L 68patients).Determination of human serum album and 7kind of elements' content in the 200 patients venous blood was done on the 7th day in the hospital.Comparison was made in the differences of 7kind of elements between the case group and the control group.Results The differences of the 7kind of elements′content in patients between the case group and the control group were not statistically significant(P 0.05),which were not risk factors of the onset of hypoalbuminemia with sever stroke(P 0.05).Conclusion In the short term,the 7kind of elements′content in severe stroke patients has no effect on the onset of hypoalbuminemia.


The invention relates to a method for checking the function of a venting device for venting a crankcase (12) of an internal combustion engine (2), wherein the crankcase (12) via the vent device (7) with an air supply system (3) of the engine (2) connected comprising the steps of: - determining a pressure difference (p - detecting a failure in the venting device (7) (p wherein the release condition is satisfied, when a through a low pass filter (21) of filtered air mass flow in the air supply system (3) in terms of amount exceeds a first threshold.


We have fabricated a meander shaped LPE film to realize a high electric resistance in the normal state as a persistent current switch material. A seed film on an MgO single crystalline substrate was shaped into a meander by a chemical etching method and dipped into solution for further LPE growth of RE123. The meander shaped RE123 LPE film with a long current path on the 2 inch diameter MgO substrate could be successfully grown. This phenomenon can be explained by the change of the growth mode from step growth to a nucleation limited growth on the a(b)-c plane of the crystal. This is further explained by the small step-advancing rate of the RE123 crystal on the MgO surface and above a partly dissolved MgO substrate. The film revealed a high resistance value of about 1.7 /spl Omega/ at 100 K and a high I/sub c/ value of 50 A at 77 K and 0 T which is estimated to about 175 A at 20 K and 3 T.


: The Enlightenment is an intellectual movement that emerged as a result of several centuries of processes in Western Europe. The main purpose of this movement is to save people from the tutelage and immaturity. In fact, where the process in which people use their own minds begins, the history of humanity underwent radical changes with the influence of other movements. In the environment where human societies and the systems that serve the society, underwent great changes, the education sector also went through the same processes. Post-enlightenment education, as a requirement of the main argument of enlightenment, was personalized and focused on the development of the individual. Educational models after this process have been in the understanding of educating people who are democratic, secular and fulfill their responsibilities towards their society and state. In addition, different philosophies and approaches in education emerged during this period. Contrary to previous periods, education has spread to the whole society and has been determined as a right that everyone will benefit equally.


Angkin Zwesti Ambika Damayanti / A520150039, Handling of Children with Autism
through Occupational Therapy in the Saymara Kartasura Incluation PAUD
2018/2019. Thesis, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muhammadiyah
University Surakarta. August 2019
This study aims to deal with autism children through occupational therapy. The
subjects in the study are the children with the initial F with Special Needs for Autism
who sit in group A Extraordinary program. This type of research is a qualitative
descriptive form of case studies namely research procedures that produce descriptive
data in the form of written or oral words from people and observed behavior. The
procedure in the study consisted of several stages, namely the pre-field stage, the
stage of the field worker, and the post-field stage. Data obtained using the method of
observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the results of the study showed
that the fine motor abilities of children with autism can be handled through
occupational therapy.


The main objective of the study was to investigate the mechanical properties of Moso bamboo species (Phyllostachys pubescens) in wet and dry conditions and waste rubber engineered bamboo, according to climate for temporary shelter design during flood occurrence. For experiment, bamboo of diameter 5 cm and made four samples (length 25 mm, width 3 mm and thickness 1.5 mm) for testing tensile strength and flexure modulus (length 13 mm, width 2 mm and thickness 1 mm). The study finds that the tensile stress for dry sample (A) was 29.0 MPa; elongation break was 4.5% and these parameters for water soaked sample (A1) were 17.1 MPa and 10.6% respectively. Tensile stress for dry sample laminated with rubber tube (B) was 31.5 MPa; elongation break was 3.1% and these parameters for rubber tube laminated water soaked sample (B1) were 19.9 MPa and 5.6% respectively. Flexural strength for samples A, A1, B and B1 were 290.5, 283.1, 339.9 and 292.8 MPa respectively. Results indicate that the strength of rubber tube laminated samples increases. The study concludes that vehicles' waste rubber tubes can be utilized to enhance the strength of bamboo for making temporary shelter in flood affected areas.


Update Alert 5: Risks and Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers on SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adults We searched MEDLINE (Ovid) weekly from 1 September to 28 September 2020 using the same search strategy as described in the original review (1). We did not limit the search by language. This search update yielded 77 results (de-duplicated), and after an independent dual-review process, we identified 15 new studies meeting our inclusion criteria—8 observational studies, 6 systematic reviews with meta-analyses, and 1 clinical trial protocol. New Evidence Findings from 2 observational studies, 1 of which is an update of a previously published retrospective analysis of insurance data in South Korea, found no evidence of an association between angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB) use and risk for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (2, 3). This South Korean study and an additional 6 observational studies found no association between the use of ACEIs or ARBs and COVID-19 disease severity (3–9). These studies include a retrospective analysis of the association of ACEI or ARB use on need for mechanical ventilation and mortality among a predominantly Hispanic/Latino and African American population in New York City treated for COVID-19 in March 2020, which, like prior studies, found no difference (4). These findings are supported by 6 new systematic reviews with meta-analyses, except for 1 review finding a mildly increased risk for infection among patients younger than 60 years using ARBs (adjusted odds ratio, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.01 to 1.18]) (10–15). Overall, inclusion of 15 studies from this search update does not change the certainty of evidence rating we reported in the original manuscript for key questions 1 or 2. Studies have not examined the benefits and harms of initiating ACEIs or ARBs (that is, new users) in COVID-19 treatment; therefore, evidence for key question 3 remains unclear. In-Progress Trial We identified 1 new in-progress trial evaluating hospitalrelated outcomes among adults admitted with COVID-19 who either continued or discontinued ACEIs or ARBs (16).


The impacts of a changing climate on dementia burdens have not been widely explored, despite the increasing pressures associated with dementia on the public health and social care systems. This study explores the association between ambient temperature and the dementia‐related emergency hospital admission, using the national hospital inpatient dataset for England. We also examine important modifiers of the heat‐risk, including separate results for each Government region of the country.


Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) languages and one-sided communication enable application developers to select the communication paradigm that balances the performance needs of applications with the productivity desires of programmers. In this paper, we evaluate three different one-sided communication paradigms in the context of geometric multigrid using the miniGMG benchmark. Although miniGMG's static, regular, and predictable communication does not exploit the ultimate potential of PGAS models, multigrid solvers appear in many contemporary applications and represent one of the most important communication patterns. We use UPC++, a PGAS extension of C++, as the vehicle for our evaluation, though our work is applicable to any of the existing PGAS languages and models. We compare performance with the highly tuned MPI baseline, and the results indicate that the most promising approach towards achieving performance and ease of programming is to use high-level abstractions, such as the multidimensional arrays provided by UPC++, that hide data aggregation and messaging in the runtime library.


(р<0,05). Comparing to control group, in Group I, C activ(cid:24) ity was 3,26 times lower, and SOD and GR activity was 3,99 and 2,03 times higher (p<0,05). C activity was 4,59 times lower, and SOD and GR activity was 6,23 and 1,85 times higher than in controls (p<0,05). In Group I, com(cid:24) paring to Group II, C and SOD activity was higher by 40,6% and 58,5%, respectively (p<0,05). Conclusion. In MVP patients, first(cid:24)line AOS dysbalance and glutathione(cid:24)dependent mechanism strain were more manifested in Group II. Red blood cell aerobic metabolism predominance was of adaptive nature in Group I, being a factor of cell and tissue damage in Group II.


Analysed the resource of medicinal elaeagnus genus in sichuan and Chongqing, it was thought that Elaeagnus genus was valuable plant both for drug and food, it commonly includes thomy elaeagnus fruit, elaeagnus lanceolata, elaeagnus henyi, elaeagnus stellipila, elaeagnus umbellata, elaeagnus multiflora, etc. Meanwhile, discussed their development and utilization for drug, healthcare and fruit and thought that elaeagnus genus in Sichuan and Chongqing is worth paying close attention for its usage.


Reactions of allyl, propargyl, benzyl, and alkynyl bromides with diorganodiselenides in the presence of stannous chloride and catalytic cupric halide result in the formation of corresponding unsymmetrical selenides in good to excellent yields via a novel dicopper(selenophenyl) intermediate.


The present invention, by being joined to each other along the outer periphery to form a cavity for accommodating the waste, and the first proximal pouch wall and a forming outlet portion having an outlet for discharging the excrement of the pouch 2 distal pouch wall; disposed on the first side wall, the inlet receiving the excrement into the pouch; At least one of and said first and second side walls; comfort layer disposed on at least the second sidewall preferably the first and second fastening strips is disposed so as to cooperate with both the outer surface of the closure system for closing the outlet by folding the outlet itself; in draining ostomy pouch having a there are, as is releasably secured to the comfortable layer between the comfort layer and the side wall at the outlet portion is folded, arrangement between the second fastening strip comfort layer and the second side wall set On-draining ostomy pouches.


After pruning the thick trees of Shatian Pomelo in different methods,the intensity of illumination in internal space of plant and in space between plants have been surveyed.The survey height is 0,50,100,150 and 200cm from ground.Through analyzing the difference of illumination intensity,weight,thickness and nutrition of leaves and quality of fruit,it was showed that illumination condition and internal spring shoots sprout had been improved obviously.The weight and thickness of leaves were increased and the fruit quality could be improved in a certain degree with A and B pruning methods.Treatment A had a better effect on internal space of plant,while Treatment B on space between plants.


COVID-19 is the infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered Corona virus This is a new virus and disease was unknown before the outbreak began in Wuhan, China in December 2019 COVID-19 is now pandemic affecting most countries globally With active support of the people of India we have been trying to contain the spread of virus in our county The most important factor in preventing the spread of virus locally is to empower the citizen with the right information and taking precautions as per advisories being issued by Ministry of Health &Family Welfare In our present study we have COVID-19 infection in our 14 Resident Doctors We expect doctors to be more aware than common people and if someone is expected to deal with this infection better than others, it is the group of doctors So we tried to assess the effectiveness of control measures used to prevent infection If a person got infected with disease whether he/she was using or not using protective measures like Mask, Physical distancing, Hand hygiene Those who interacted with infected persons before it was known that they were suffering from COVID -19 and did not caught infection were they got protection by control measures


The latest edition of Chinese code for seismic design of buildings(GB 5011—2010),which was officially implemented on December 1,2010,which was combined the experience of 2008 wenchuan earthquake and adopted the new research results in the earthquake engineering field.It is compared with Eurocode 8(2004 edition) in this paper,in terms of seismic fortification objectives,design response spectrum,site classification,earthquake action,seismic checking and performance-based seismic design to provide some references for designers and researchers in seismic engineering.


Focus on the problem of packet reordering in concurrent multipath transmission which lead to an unnecessary fast retransmit and increase in network load, reduces the utilization of network resources.This paper put forward a kind of packet reordering analysis model in concurrent multipath transmission based on the cumulative probability distribution function, besides, a constraint conditions are derived for data packets to be transmitted in order. And the calculation formula of random order probability of data packet in concurrent multipath transmission.


Pest species and their natural enemies were investigated.The important pests were tea geometrid, tea caterpillar, leafhopper. However,the pests natural enemies of tea are rich and they were used in pest control.


This paper will review the recent changes in government attitudes to airport ownership. In particular it will review the (limited) worldwide experience insofar as it is relevant to Australia; it will consider different modalities for introducing private financing and participation, the risks for investors and the main issues to be confronted by airport owners and operators in the future. These latter include: regulatory regimes, the effect of growing environments sensitivity and establishing new airports.


thought and image thought. It can be showed through physical model and by the means of literacy,symbol and chart.The course of building "thought model" is that of understanding,deeply understanding and highly generalizing the cognitive objects.In chemistry subject,there are many concepts and theories which are abstract.Applying "thought model" can help students make the abstract contents imageable to understand them easily and increase learning interest.


An investigation into Quranic lessons on the improvement of social acceptance Bahram Saleh Sedghpour, Majid Mohamamdian, Hamid Reza Salmanian 1. Assistant Professor, Shahid Beheshti University (SBU) 2. MA, Advisor to Shahid Beheshti University (SBU) 3. Research Fellow Interdisciplinary Quranic Studies Journal of Iranian Students' Quranic Organization 2009; 2:17-26 Accepted for publication: 5 May 2009 Vol. 2, No. 1, April-June 2009 Objective(s): To investigate whether Quranic teachings could improve social acceptance or not. Methods: This was a semi-experimental study. Research community comprised of 120 students and a sampleof 42 people randomly were selected. Experimental group and control groups were evaluated in three points in time: pre-test, one and three months post test. Results: The mean score for social acceptance was 18.9, 19.2, and 19.4 at three points in time respectively. The one-way analysis of variance indicated that Quranic lessons significantly improved the social acceptance (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The findings suggest that education and Quranic training workshop might positively affect social acceptance.


An experiment was conducted in the Field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka to screen out the resistant cultivars of eggplant against wilt disease. Eight cultivars viz. Nayantara, Singhnath, Dhundul, Kazla, Marich Begun Luffa, Kata Begun and Uttara were used as treatments. At 55 days after transplanting (DAT) the cultivar Luffa exhibit the highest bacterial wilt incidence (80%) and the lowest wilt incidence was recorded in the cultivar Kata Begun (30%). At 90 DAT the highest Fusarium and Nemic wilt incidence was recorded in the cultivar Luffa and the lowest wilt incidences were recorded in the cultivar Kata Begun. The highest shoot height was recorded in the cultivar Kata Begun and the lowest shoot height was recorded in the cultivar Singhnath. The highest gall number was recorded in the cultivar Luffa and the lowest gall number was recorded in the cultivar Kata Begun. The highest yield per hectare (29.84 t/ha) was recorded in the cultivar Nayantara and the lowest yield (10.50 t/ha) was recorded in the cultivar Dhundhul. Among the cultivars Kata Begun graded as resistant for both Bacterial, Fungal and Nemic wilt. Â


A material that exhibits Willis coupling has constitutive equations that couple the pressure–strain and momentum–velocity relationships. This coupling arises from subwavelength asymmetry and non-locality in heterogeneous media. This paper considers the problem of the scattering of a plane wave by a cylinder exhibiting Willis coupling using both analytical and numerical approaches. First, a perturbation method is used to describe the influence of Willis coupling on the scattered field to a first-order approximation. A higher order analysis of the scattering based on generalized impedances is then derived. Finally, a finite-element method-based numerical scheme for calculating the scattered field is presented. These three analyses are compared and show strong agreement for low to moderate levels of Willis coupling.


Purpose While coping with severe damages of the ongoing coronavirus outbreak worldwide, this study enlightens the potential effects of the pandemic on young adults' willingness to avoid game meat consumption as well as to purchase animal welfare products Design/methodology/approach In a structural equation model (N = 234), food safety concerns and perceived responsibility for a future change of individuals, marketers and the government as predictors are related to behavioral intentions Further, two antecedents of food safety concern including risk perception and anxiety related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are tested Findings Using a Chinese sample, results indicated that food safety concern - triggered by risk perception and anxiety - negatively affected willingness to buy animal welfare products Perceived responsibility of marketers' change positively relates to people's willingness to avoid game meat and to buy animal welfare products, while the latter is also positively related to perceived governmental responsibility Practical implications Consumers demand marketers to improve safety and hygiene standards as it is a necessary condition for adopting sustainable consumption behaviors Animal welfare products have the potential to pronounce the demanded level of product safety, while the game meat market needs to be prepared for necessary adaptations for coping with the adverse effects of COVID-19 Originality/value This article adds knowledge to the behavioral consequences of a viral hazard in the context of sustainable food choices while relating those to attribution theories and food safety concerns


Various embodiments of the present invention provides a mobile computing device, the operation of a plurality of coexisting and independent operating system environment on a common core. Also it provides guidance process for initiating a multiple operating system environment. Further, various embodiments of the present invention comprises: a process of switching between a management operating system environment to a second operating system environment.


Objective To evaluate effect and adverse effect of oxycontin and MS contin in the treatment of sever cancerous pain.Methods 204 patients with sever cancerous pain were randomly derided into 2 groups,oxycontin and MS contin group.Each pain was evaluated in every 48 hours and dose was adjusted according to the pain relief.And 2 groups were evaluated the analgesic onset time,effect and adverse effect,respectively.Results Efficiency was according to less than or equal to 3 of pain score after administer in analgesic effect.Effect rates of oxycontin group and MS contin group were 79.4 % (81/102) and 75.5 % (77/102) respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0.225,P > 0.05).However,there were significant differences in the analgesic onset time between two groups (x2 =22.916,P < 0.05).Adverse effect rates in oxycontin group and MS contin group were 62.7 % (64/102) and 98.0 % (99/102)respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =20.151,P < 0.05).Conclusion Oxycontin and MS contin in the treatment of serious cancerous pain have the same controlling effect.But oxycontin worked better with quick analgesic onset,low incidence and few of adverse reaction.

Key words:
Analgesics, opioid;  Cancerous pain;  Effect;  Adverse effect


Objective:To study the degradation kinetics of ornidazole in aqueous solutions.Methods:The HPLC method and constant temperature mode were used to determine the degradation kinetic parameters of ornidazole at different pH,temperatures,concentrations and species of buffers.Results and Conclusions:Degradation of ornidazole in aqueous solution followed first-order kinetics,and the pHm for ornidazole was 3.6.The degradation rate increased with temperature and buffer concentration.The species of buffer solutions seem to have different impacts on the catalytic process.At low buffer concentrations,ornidazole was more stable in a citrate buffer solution,while at high buffer concentrations,ornidazole was more stable in an acetate buffer solution.


The data of engineering and economical analysis on the estimation of the value of required investments and the payback period in the case of implementation of the two-cascade cogeneration plant of a low power to realize "the biopower village" strategy have been given. The basic engineering and economical performances of mini-heat power plant were defined for climatic conditions in the city of Zaporozie. It has been established that the realization of this mini-HPP with the installed electric power of 110 KW can be promising (the 3.2 – year payback period) only at the standard fuel price of at least 40 USD and the energy price of 2.2. UAH (KW·h) and the heat price of 2200 UAH/Gcal. At the installed electric power of mini-HPP of 450 KW (350 KW·e for the first ORC (organic Rankin Cycle) loop) and 100 kW·e for the second loop and the same prices for the electric power and the heat the realization of it can be promising at 70 USD/t.s.f. (tons of standard fuel). The research was done to compare a change in payback periods for the given mini HPP depending on the prices for energy carriers. The obtained data showed that for the project of mini-HPP operating on the biomass with the power of 110 kW·e at available prices for power carriers the payback period will exceed 5 years. To shorten the payback period it is expedient to realize mini-HPP starting from the electric power of 450–550 kW·e. The ordinary payback period for such a power plant will range from 2.7 to 4 years depending on the specific cost of the equipment. If the biomass power energy is sold at a current "green rate" (0.1239 EUR/(kW·h) available in Ukraine the payback period for the given mini-HPP will be reduced 1.5 times. The preferences established by the State (+5 %) using the equipment manufactured in Ukraine will make the proposed mini HPP even more competitive.


Phylogenetic reconstruction methods seek to 1nd the tree topology that best describes the evolutionary history of a set of DNA or protein sequences. Maximum likelihood (ML) based models were shown to be superior to distance and parsimony methods. However, applications of ML models are severely limited in the number of sequences they can handle because of computational limitations. A speedup for calculating the replacement probabilities between any two amino acid states is presented. An empirical 29-fold speedup is achieved. The speedup is based on the Chebyshev polynomial series. In theory, the likelihood scores of the tree are only approximated, but in practice the likelihood values computed are essentially identical to those estimated by exact computation. c © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


Citation: The PLOS ONE Staff (2014) Correction: Human Transporter Database: Comprehensive Knowledge and Discovery Tools in the Human Transporter Genes. PLoS ONE 9(5): e98396. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0098396 Published May 16, 2014 Copyright: 2014 The PLOS ONE Staff. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.


This paper presents a methodology for degradation assessment of power semiconductors, applied in static VAr compensators (SVC) of the types thyristor switched capacitor (TSC) and thyristor controlled reactor (TCR), that it aims at the improvement of the operational performance of these equipment. The methodology allows the identification of defective semiconductors, and the preventive substitution of these components, in order to prevent that the same ones come to fail in service, causing operational perturbations to the electrical system. The methodology defines the parameters of the semiconductors that can be used for the evaluation of the degradation. The conclusions are based on tests carried on semiconductors, with different states of degradation, from static compensators installed in the system of transmission of CHESF-Companhia Hidro Eletrica do Sao Francisco


With the pressure on Chinese firms of China's accession into WTO and macroeconomic situation in recent years, there has been increasing call for transforming value-added tax, which would confront government, especially central government with great pressure of reduced revenue. Based on statistics of 2001, this paper calculates the overall revenue-reducing effect of the transformation on various provinces and the impact of enlarged collection scope on their revenue. The results indicate that, in the long term, the impact of the transformation on government revenue is bearable. And the policy implication is to appropriately increase the share of local government in value-added tax and enhance transfer payment to poor provinces.


This paper studies the welfare implications of trade opening in a world in which trade raises aggregate income but also increases income inequality, and in which redistribution needs to occur via a distortionary income tax-transfer system. We provide tools to characterize and quantify the effects of trade opening on the distribution of disposable income (after redistribution). We propose two adjustments to standard measures of the welfare gains from trade: a 'welfarist' correction inspired by the Atkinson (1970) index of inequality, and a 'costly-redistribution' correction capturing the efficiency costs associated with the behavioral responses of agents to trade-induced shifts across marginal tax rates. We calibrate our model to the United States over the period 1979-2007 using data on the distribution of adjusted gross income in public samples of IRS tax returns, as well as CBO information on the tax liabilities and transfers received by agents at different percentiles of the U.S. income distribution. Our quantitative results suggest that both corrections are nonnegligible: trade-induced increases in inequality of disposable income erode about 20% of the gains from trade, while the gains from trade would be about 15% larger if redistribution was carried out via non-distortionary means. ∗Harvard University, Harvard University, and Princeton University. We thank Nathan Hendren and Esteban Rossi-Hansberg for fruitful conversations during the early stages of this project. This paper was previously circulated under the title 'Inequality, Costly Redistribution and Welfare in an Open Economy'. We are indebted to Xiang Ding and Teresa Fort for their help obtaining a key moment in our calibration from U.S. Census data, and to Daniel Feenberg for his assistance with the NBER-IRS data. We are also grateful to seminar audiences at LSE, Barcelona Summer Forum, Degit XX in Geneva, SED in Warsaw, AEEFI in San Sebastián, Penn State, ITSG in Rome, IMF, Princeton, Stanford, UBC, National University of Singapore, Lausanne, NOITS in Oslo, Bocconi, Seoul National University, Bayreuth, Harvard, and the Federal Reserve Board for their suggestions.


Abstract In this paper, we propose a high-quality factor (QF) ultra-compact structure for designing all optical filter based on two dimensional (2D) photonic crystals that can operate in third communication window range (1550 nm). The simulation results calculated by using 2D finite difference time domain (FDTD) method and photonic band gap (PBG) region are calculated by plane wave expansion (PWE) method. The average transmission efficiency, average QF and optical full width at half maximum (FWHM) bandwidth more than 95 %, 4300 and 0.4 nm obtained, respectively. The value of QF for the proposed structure is a major QF for ring resonator-based filters. We studied the effect of changing the air background to liquid crystal (LC) surrounding the dielectric rods. Results showed that by increasing LC refractive index (n) peak of wavelengths red shifted. The footprint of proposed filter is 160μm2 ${{\mu}}{{\rm{m}}^{\rm{2}}}$ which make the proposed structure promising candidate for optical integrated circuits.


IN A SIMPLIFIED sense strategic analysis rests on the ability to understand the facts of the situation and to see how these facts translate into factors in the political and military context. In a mechanistic and organic sense 'facts' are analogous to 'parts' and 'features', while 'factors' imply an understanding of the linkages of the parts, such linkages being based upon an evaluation of the facts. The understanding of facts and factors is thus a two-step procedure based on mathe-


Train Case 1. You're at Back Bay Station in Boston preparing to take the commuter rail to Providence. You're going to see friends. It will be a relaxing vacation. You've been in a rather boring conversation with a guy standing beside you. He, too, is going to visit friends in Providence. As the train rolls into the station, you continue the conversation by asking, "Does this train make all those little stops, in Foxboro, Attleboro, etc?" It doesn't matter much to you whether the train is the "Express" or not, though you'd mildly prefer it was. He answers, "Yeah, this one makes all those little stops. They told me when I bought the ticket." Nothing about him seems particularly untrustworthy. You believe what he says.


ObjectiveTo investigate physiotherapists both in China and Japan by the questionnaire, and find problems appeared by Chinese physiotherpists.MethodsForty-nine therapists in China Rehabilitation Research Center and forty-three qualified physiotherapists in Japan participated in this study. Contents of the questionnaire include their view on the physical therapy, working condition, academic activity and etc. Received questionnaires were analyzed.ResultsResults from the statistics analysis showed that there were significant differences in education, the role in clinical work, kinds of diseases to be treated, academic activity and etc between Chinese and Japanese physiotherpists.Conclusion Main problems in China according to results of the questionnaire are lack of appropriate understanding of rehabilitation concept, lack of recognized teachers and specialized education organization, lack of rehabilitation facilities and equipment.


In this paper, we design and analyse an infeasible interior-point algorithm based on a simple function for linear optimization. The infeasible algorithm contains two types of search directions: the feasibility search direction and the centrality search direction. Both of the directions are determined by the simple function. The algorithm uses full step, thus no need to perform the line-search procedure. Although the proposed function is simple, as it will be shown, the induced infeasible algorithm enjoys the best-known iteration complexity for infeasible interior-point algorithm.


Have a look at Figure 3.1. What is this? This question has many factually correct answers. This is a landscape. It is a waterway. It is a stereotypical image ofHolland's countryside. It is a tourist site. It is an example of reclaimed land. It is a picture ofmonumental windmills. All of these, and quite a few more, are arguably correct answers. All of them portray this image in a certain way, focusing on one aspect or another. Calling this a landscape gives a particular meaning to this image as related to other


The cold shaping of thin substrates is a worthwhile process for the realization of x-ray optics. The technique is based on the usage of integration molds to keep the substrate in the theoretical shape while it is fixed to a structure, which will limit at the desired level the residual spring back of the plate after the release of the constrain. Since some years, this process is in use at INAF/OAB to realize Slumped Glass Optics mirror modules by means of interfacing ribs. In principle, the optical design at a given focal length of each mirror shell is different for each radius and therefore several integration molds are necessary for an assembly of plates. Depending on the optical design of the mirror module to be realized and on the desired optical performances of the system, some simplifications can be introduced in order to reduce the number of integration molds to be realized. Nevertheless the most cost-efficient solution to the problem is to realize an adjustable integration mold pair that can be shaped to the different theoretical configurations needed for the plates. This is advantageous not only in terms of number of molds and parts to be realized but also for the reduction of integration time thanks to the simplification of the process procedure. In this paper we describe the conceptual design of the system, describing its optical design, analysing its requirements and we report on the achieved results.


Importance of this article is knowing about human trunk muscles and lumbar spine. This article answer to important questions such as what is muscles of trunk? What is lordosis deformity? How trunk muscles effect on lordosis deformity? The peruse of this study was to assess the effect of muscles of trunk on lordosis deformity.In this article level of participation questionnaire were explored. The participants in this study were 10 middle ages women. The sample was collected through random sampling method.They fill up questionnaire based on muscle back pain.


This paper is concerned with multivariable generalized predictive control with multiple reference model in its polynomial form (MIMO GPC/MRM). The results presented by Robinson and Clarke (1991) are extended to the MlMO GPC/MRM method and it is shown how to apply them. Then the method is applied to a helicopter; simulation results are given which show the decoupling efficiency and the robustness of the controller by a test on a weakly mismatched system and the improvement of the robustness brought by the T matrix filter on a strongly mismatched system.<<ETX>>


In this paper, multiple-relay cooperative communication network with multiple antennas is considered. Applying the soft-decision-and-forward protocol to this system, pairwise error probability(PEP) is derived and then symbol error rate(SER) is also calculated. However, in general, signals are transmitted through the orthogonal channel in the multiple-relay cooperative communication network for the prevention of interference, which is inefficient in terms of the throughput. For the improvement of throughput, the relay selection is considered, where the relay having the maximum instantaneous end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio is chosen. Performance of the system is analyzed in terms of PEP and SER. As the number of the relay increases, relay selection method outperforms the conventional multiple-relay transmission system where all relays participate in the second time slot.


The High Temperature Solar Thermal Receiver, which was tested a Edwards AFB, CA during the winter of 1980-1981, evolved from technologies developed over a five year period of work. This receiver was tested at the Army Solar Furnace at White Sands, NM in 1976. The receiver, was tested successfully at 1768 deg F and showed thermal efficiencies of 85%. The results were sufficiently promising to lead ERDA to fund our development and test of a 250 kW receiver to measure the efficiency of an open cavity receiver atop a central tower of a heliostat field. This receiver was required to be design scalable to 10, 50, and 100 MW-electric sizes to show applicability to central power tower receivers. That receiver employed rectagular silicon carbide panels and vertical stanchions to achieve scalability. The construction was shown to be fully scalable; and the receiver was operated at temperatures up to 2000 deg F to achieve the performance goals of the experiment during tests at the GIT advanced components test facility during the fall of 1978.


This paper discusses the performance of the recently operated Jakarta Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), line eight (Lebak Bulus-Grogol). The on bus observation was made on Friday, 13 March 2009 from 5a.m. to 8 p.m. At the beginning of each observation hour, a group of surveyors consist of 2 to 3 persons waited the bus on the Mal Taman Anggrek stop (at Grogol) and took the first available bus. During the travel, the surveyors observed the arrival and departure time of the bus on each stop and number of passengers boarding and alighting on each stop. From these data several performance indicators can be calculated, e.g. total travel time, travel speed between pairs of stops, stop time on each stop, passenger boarding and alighting rates, number of bus passengers between pairs of stops, etc.


It is performed if small number of animals is slaugh-tered, with the recommendation of processing meat be-fore consumption. When the increasing risk of human trichinellosis is regarded in Poland, only the digestion method should be considered valid for meat inspection.


Purpose: This article describes and proposes a model of the factors that influenced community members' initial mobilization, continuing effort, or lack of involvement in a community based-intervention on adolescents' sexual health in Nova Scotia, Canada. Design: This study was conducted within the constructivist paradigm and guided by the principles of grounded theory. Methods: Factors related to community members' initial and continued involvement were explored using analyses of the contents of in-depth interviews and written documentation through pattern identification, clustering of conceptual groupings, identification of relationships between variables, constant comparisons, and theoretical memos. Subjects: Respondents included 14 participants, the 12 members of the Board of Directors and two paid staff (i.e., the project coordinator and the health centre nurse). Results: Specific personal, community-related, and organizational factors have influenced community members' involvement in the project. These factors were grouped into an explanatory model.


The traditional view of the necessary conditions for successful deterrence is that a potential attacker must perceive the deterrer's threats as capable and credible for retaliation. Major powers can achieve, and often have, the capability necessary for effective threats. Their key problem is conveying their willingness to execute threats. This problem has been further exacerbated by the advent of the nuclear age, as retaliation against another nuclear power could trigger one's own selfdestruction given that the adversary has second-strike capability. As outlined in the introduction, two different schools of thought have emerged from the concern with threat credibility: commitment theory and theory of inherent credibility. As pointed out in the introduction, deterrence literature has mostly been in›uenced by the theory of costly signals and commitments. The idea of inherent resolve, which I argue is more suitable for understanding the majority of international con›icts, has been left largely undeveloped. In this chapter, I turn to the ‹nal test and compare the empirical validity of these two approaches to deterrence. Previous chapters examined several factors individually that may shed light on the dynamics of deterrence between major powers. In particular, the notion of inherent credibility, as a function of either external or internal interests at stake, was explored as an alternative to the idea that deterrence works best when the signals are costly and behavior is ‹rm regardless of inherent stakes. In this chapter, I ‹rst examine to what degree external regional stakes are more potent elements of inherent resolve, and then combine them with domestic stakes into an expanded version of the inherent credibility model. I then compare the explanatory power of both inherent credibility models to that of costly commitments. The last chapter concludes with a discussion of the different policy implications that follow from the two approaches to threat credibility. In light of the empirical ‹ndings, it will evaluate


In this study, the author examined potential mediators of the negative relationship between the absolute difference in items' lengths and their inter-item correlation size. Fifty-two randomly ordered items from five personality scales were administered to 622 university students, and 46 respondents from a survey website rated the items' readability, clarity, and generality. Based on prior research, the author hypothesized that the difference in mean ratings of item pairs' generality, but not readability or clarity, would mediate the negative relationship between the difference in the item pairs' lengths and their inter-item correlation size. In pairs of items, difference in item length was negatively correlated with inter-item correlation size. However, only difference in ratings of generality, not readability or clarity, was associated with correlation size, and as predicted, it mediated the relationship between item length and correlation size. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.


...................................................................................................................................... ii Résumé ....................................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................... iv List of Figures ........................................................................................................................... vii List of Tables .............................................................................................................................. xi Nomenclature ............................................................................................................................ xii Chapter 1: Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 The fuel cell and its technology ................................................................................... 1 1.2 Direct propane PEM fuel cell (DPFC) ........................................................................... 3 1.3 Research objectives ...................................................................................................... 4 1.4 Thesis structure ............................................................................................................. 4 1.5 References ...................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 2: Literature review ...................................................................................................... 7 2.1 An overview of fuel cell technology ............................................................................. 7 2.2 Direct hydrocarbon fuel cells ....................................................................................... 9 2.3 Direct hydrocarbon fuel cells with an aqueous electrolyte ..................................... 11 2.4 Direct hydrocarbon polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell .................................. 14 2.5 Direct hydrocarbon mixed oxide electrolyte fuel cell ............................................... 16 2.6 Direct hydrocarbon solid oxide fuel cell .................................................................... 17 2.7 Oscillations in fuel cell ................................................................................................ 19 2.8 Mathematical modeling in PEMFC ............................................................................. 26 2.9 References .................................................................................................................... 33 Chapter 3: A parametric study of a direct propane fuel cell (DPFC) using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model employing the finite element method ..................................... 45 Abstract ................................................................................................................................. 45 3.


Teachers have to develop, adopt or combine teaching materials carefully, especially for the students of English for Special Purpose (ESP) course such as English for nursing, where the course is developed based on the students' needs. In these activities, evaluating the material is an important procedure in determining the quality of the materials in various point of views. This study focuses on developing instrument for evaluating English for nursing materials in terms of linguistic content of language tasks and skills. This study is a library research. Related literatures and previous research findings from ESP experts in English for nursing field were the foundation in developing the instruments to find out the ideal criteria of linguistic content of language tasks and skills of English for nursing material. The instrument was validated by experts from English teaching and nursing field. It is in the form of evaluation format that consists of statements and grading scale. There were 7 indicators. The evaluation format used a 5point Likert scale for grading.


The main objective of the study is to prepare a rank list of journals in order of their merit in the field of genetics and plant breeding. Besides this, additional information was gathered. A total of 4136 citations that appeared in the articles of 5 volumes, 45-49 (1985-89) of Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding were collected and a rank list of 60 most cited primary journals representing 66.86% of the total citations was prepared. The study reveals that the literature of Genetics and Plant Breeding was scattered in 574 journals of which almost 505 citations were covered by only 20 journals.


Some characteristic features of band structures, like the band degeneracy at high symmetry points or the existence of energy gaps, usually reflect the symmetry of the crystal or, more precisely, the symmetry of the wave vector group at the relevant points of the Brillouin zone. In this paper, we will illustrate this property by considering two-dimensional (2D)-hexagonal lattices characterized by a possible two-fold degenerate band at the K points with a linear dispersion (Dirac points). By combining scanning tunneling spectroscopy and angle-resolved photoemission, we study the electronic properties of a similar system: the Ag/Cu(111) interface reconstruction characterized by a hexagonal superlattice, and we show that the gap opening at the K points of the Brillouin zone of the reconstructed cell is due to the symmetry breaking of the wave vector group.


This article reviews the reports of safety-related events at light-water-reactor nuclear power plants submitted in 1980 to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The review covers 1547 reports from boiling-water-reactor facilities. Information is presented in tables listing instrument failures, equipment failures, systems involved, causes, deficiencies, and times of occurrence (i.e., refueling, testing, operation, or construction). The tables give the number of reports concerned with each item and therefore indicate the frequencies of events and those events which should receive more attention in the form of maintenance and testing to improve plant reliability and safety.


Smart cities are aiming to develop a management system for growing urban cities, improve the economy, energy consumption, and living standards of their citizens. Information and communication technology (ICT) has a much more important place in decision making, policy design, and implementation of modern techniques to develop smart cities. This review aims primarily to investigate the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in the development of smart cities. This survey leads to the systematic interpretation of current patterns in ICT-related information flow publications as well as to the identification of the usual technologies used to facilitate this communication. In this paper, we represent the detailed presentation of AI & ML in the intelligent transport system and the prediction of mix design and mechanical properties of concrete.


Integrated systems for provision of both operational and non-operational services are investigated in SANDRA (Seamless Aeronautical Networking through integration of Data-Links, Radios and Antennas). This ultimately comprises integration on the network layer which opposes the hardware segregation of operational and non-operational aeronautical domains. Segregation may in this case be achieved by IPsec which introduces significant overhead. This paper investigates the achievable bandwidth savings for future Air Traffic Services and Airline Operational Communications services through RObust Header Compression (ROHC) schemes for IPsec. Further, a ROHC scheme for IPsec with ESP NULL encryption for non-encrypted operational services is discussed.


In the framework of Strutinsky's approach, we calculated the shell and the residual pairing correction energies for 5569 even-even nuclei in the range 72 ⩽ Z ⩽ 282 and 96 ⩽ N ⩽ 540. Quasi-magic numbers and deformed islands of stability that reside in a range defined by Green's formula and the two-neutrons drip line are introduced. We present 36 quasi-magic proton and 53 quasi-magic neutron magic numbers that contribute to the formation of 133 deformed islands of stability along the N-Z space. The quasi-magic proton and neutron magic numbers volatile as the mass number increases and other magic numbers take over. Consequently, the deformed islands of stability fail to exhibit a pattern along the search space covered.


As a key concept of Bourdieu's constructivist and structural social theory,"Habitus" does not refere to "habitude" or "habit".It is a permanent system of dispositions of social actor,which is internalized and externalized,structuring and structured,as "generative principle" of social condition and "distinction principle" of social differentiation,that is,it functions historically and actually in multi-directions simultaneously,taking a form of double-structures,along with the actor's social action.Habitus,then,represents typically Bourdieu's creative contructivist structuralism and his critical attitude toward the traditional thinking model of"subject-object dualism" and "subject-centrism".


An imager chip has been designed, fabricated, and tested having two unique pixel types interleaved on the same array. The dual-pixel design enables optimization for two separate tasks. One type of pixel is an active pixel sensor (APS), which is used to produce a low-noise image. The other type is a custom-designed pixel optimized for computing the centroid of a moving object in the scene. The APS array is 120 columns /spl times/36 rows, with a pixel size of 14.7/spl times/14.7 /spl mu/m. The centroid array has 60 columns and 36 rows, with a larger pixel size of 29.4/spl times/29.4 /spl mu/m. The chip was fabricated using standard scalable rules on a 0.5 /spl mu/m 1P3M CMOS process. APS images were taken at a frame rate of 30 fps-8300 fps and centroid data was taken at a rate of 180-3580 (x,y) coordinates per second. The chip consumed 2.6 mW.


Pigments are compounds with characteristics of importance to many industries. In the food industry they are used as additives, color intensifiers, antioxidants, etc. Pigments come in a wide variety of colors, some of which are water-soluble [1]. The production colorant from biological agents for food and textile has attracted increased interests in recent years. Nature produces many biocolorants from various resources including plants and microorganisms, which are possible alternatives to synthetic dyes and pigments currently employed [2]. The recent awareness in human safety and environmental conservation has made fresh enthusiasm for natural sources of colors. Natural colorants or dyes derived from flora and fauna are believed to be safe because of non-toxic, non-carcinogenic and biodegradable in nature [3]. As the present trend throughout the world is shifting towards the use of eco-friendly and biodegradable commodities, the demand for natural colorants is increasing in every day.


The utility model relates to a lighting lamp, which adopts a single end structure. In other words, two electrodes are arranged on one end of a bulb shell. The utility model has the advantages of small size, convenient installation, arbitrary use direction, and small photochromic change, and is suitable for illumination in public places and in families, and other purposes.


He purpose of this research is to know the correlation of Child Protection Law with Teacher's Firmness and effectiveness of Moral Education at Ma'arif Junior High School Tugumulyo. This type of research is a correlation research using quantitative research methods. The place of study was conducted at Ma'arif Junior High School Tugumulyo. The subject of this research is educators or teachers of Ma'arif Junior High School Tugumulyo NU both the civil servants and honorary. The analysis used included quantitative data analysis. Analysis to test the hypothesis used r test before the data tested normality and linearity. Based on the results obtained from quantitative analysis, firstly, there is a significant correlation Child Protection Act No. 35 year 2014 with teacher firmness with the value of correlation coefficient 0.574 larger than r table is 0.444 which means strong correlation and its significance 0.008. secondly, there is no significant correlation of Child Protection Act No. 35 year 2014 with the effectiveness of moral education in SMU Ma'arif NU Tugumulyo. The correlation coefficient value of 0.334 is smaller than r table with the price of 0.444 which means weakness and significance level of 0.150 which is greater than 0.05 means not significant.


The purpose of this study centers around the development of speech in a non-verbal eight-year-old boy through the use of behavior modification techniques.


Selection of pectinase on clarification of Chinese wolfberry juice,in the most suitable pH and pH conditions,and the suitable temperature and ambient temperature are compared with pectinase on Chinese wolfberry juice clarification efficiency and soluble solids content effect.The results showed that:pectinase clarification efficiency affected by temperature larger,regulate pH value on clarification effect is not obvious.And enzyme treatment does not increase the Chinese wolfberry juice and soluble solids content.Orthogonal experiment show:the best clarification process condition was:pH4,enzymolysis temperature 55 ℃,reaction time 6 h,enzyme dosage 40 mg/kg.


The period of the 50 ms pulsar PSR 0540 - 69 in the Large Magellanic Cloud was determined using five separate X-ray observations with the Exosat satellite in the interval August 12, 1984 to June 30, 1985. Together with Einstein observations and contemporaneous optical data, the Exosat periods can be fitted well to a quadratic curve yielding a braking index of 2.74 + or - 0.10. This behavior is not compatible with the optical and X-ray observations commencing about a year after Exosat, indicating the PSR 0540 - 69 is susceptible to discontinuous changes in its spin-down behavior. 15 refs.


This paper suggests Personalized Knowledge Agent(KNOW-A) based on Affective Events Ontology and User Similarity , Emotion Episodic Similarity and N-gram Similarity for Emotion Transition Model. This Personalized Knowledge Agent(KNOW-A) for u-Learning recommends the Good Emotion Episodes to user to maintain good and low affective emotion when users are on their study.


If we look at the development of warfare in the modern era, we see three distinct generations. In the United States, the Army and the Marine Corps are now coming to grips with the change to the third generation. This transition is entirely for the good. However, third generation warfare was conceptually developed by the German offensive in the spring of 1918. It is now more than 70 years old. This suggests some interesting questions: Is it not about time for a fourth generation to appear? If so, what might it look like? These questions are of central importance. Whoever is first to recognize, understand, and implement a generational change can gain a decisive advantage. Conversely, a nation that is slow to adapt to generational change opens itself to catastrophic defeat.


We review the theory for overtones and combinations in resonant Raman spectroscopy introduced by Nafie, Stein and Peticolas in 1971 on the basis of time-ordered diagrams, and we apply it to β-carotene with the support of density functional theory calculations. Comparison with experimental results obtained by Tasumi's group in 1994 is provided. The theory here presented allows a prompt evaluation of resonant Raman intensities with presently available quantum chemistry tools. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


We describe two cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid containing prominent nodular, fasciitis‐like stroma. In one of the cases infiltration into the adjacent parathyroid gland and metastases to two cervical lymph nodes occurred. In the lymph nodes and the parathyroid gland the carcinoma grew without any fasciitis‐like stroma. This unusual change in tumour stroma seems to be reactive in nature and confined only to the thyroid and adjacent soft tissues.


As Nina Simone and Michael Buble have both so famously sung … "It's a new dawn. It's a new day. It's a new life …"


(72) Inventors: Aharon Abadi, Eilat (IL); Moria Abadi, Petah-Tikva (IL); Idan Ben-Harrush, A method for performing data flow analysis of computer Givat-Elah (IL) code, comprising: providing computer code of a computer program having a plurality of user interface Screens; dividing (73) Assignee: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS the computer code to a plurality of portions such that each one MACHINES CORPORATION, of the portions includes code for inducing at least one of ARMONK, NY (US) loading and using one of the user interface screens; perform ing a variable usage analysis to detect which variables are at (21) Appl. No.: 14/064,223 least one of calculated and used in each one of the portions; (22) Filed: Oct. 28, 2013 constructing a data dependence model defining dependencies among the portions based on the variable usage analysis; and Publication Classification identifying, for at least one of the portions and using the data dependence model, at least one unnecessary variable loaded (51) Int. Cl. in one of the user interface screens and not used in a respective G06F 9/45 (2006.01) portion and in a group of portions depending on the respective G06F 3/048. I (2006.01) portion.


Obstructive jaundice can have various causes, and both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions have to be considered. In cases of malignant disease, the tumors are usually located in the extrahepatic bile ducts, the pancreatic head, or the ampulla of Vater [1]. In rare cases, the causative lesion originates from the duodenum [2,3]. A 67-year-old man presented with nonspecific right upper quadrant pain and icterus. Laboratory analysis revealed marked cholestasis: alkaline phosphatase 607U/L (normal 35–129U/L), gamma glutamyltransferase 1595U/L (normal 0– 66U/L), and total bilirubin 27.2mg/dL (normal 0–1mg/dL). At endoscopy, a huge villous duodenal adenoma was detected, which covered almost the entire duodenal wall (●" Fig.1). Intubation of the ampulla of Vater was impossible. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed an irregular, polypoid tumor that was protruding into theduodenal lumen, butwas confined to the bowelwall (●" Fig.2). The pancreaticoduodenectomy specimen subsequently showed an intraduodenal villous tumor measuring 12.5cm in its largest diameter. The cut surface of the ampulla was firm, yellow–white, and suspicious of malignancy (●" Fig.3). This area measured 1.5cm in its largest diameter. Histology revealed a villous adenoma (with low and high grade dysplasia) with progression to poorly differentiated ampullary adenocarcinoma that was invading both the pancreas and the peripancreatic soft tissue (●" Fig.4). Seven regional lymph node metastases were identified. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful and he was discharged in good condition 10 days after surgery. Villous adenomas of the duodenum have a predilection for the ampullary region, tend to present with obstructive jaundice, especially if malignancy is present, and Fig.1 Endoscopic view showing a circumferential villous adenoma carpeting almost the entire duodenal wall. Fig.2 Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showing an irregular polypoid tumor mass protruding into the duodenal lumen (arrows).


Traditional Fourier imaging utilizes the Whittaker-Kotel'nikov-Shannon (WKS) sampling theorem. This specifies the spatial frequency components which need to be measured in order to reconstruct an image completely contained within a known field of view (FOV). Here, the authors generalize this result in order to find the optimal k-space sampling for images that vanish except in multiple, possibly non-adjacent regions within the FOV. This provides the basis for "multiple region" Fourier imaging, a method of producing such images from a fraction of the k-space samples required by the WKS theorem. Sampling is optimal in the sense that it is minimal and does not lead to noise amplification during image reconstruction, just as for WKS sampling. Image reconstruction is computationally cheap because it is performed with small fast Fourier transforms. The new technique can also be used to reconstruct images that have low spatial frequency components throughout the entire FOV and high spatial frequencies (i.e. edges) confined to multiple small regions. The method's greater sampling efficiency can be parlayed into increased temporal or spatial resolution whenever the imaged objects have signal or "edge" intensity confined to multiple small portions of the FOV. The method may be applicable to various types of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, as well as to other Fourier imaging modalities and multi-band telecommunications. The technique is demonstrated by using it to reconstruct MR angiographic images of the carotid arteries of a volunteer.


The determination method of p(o)nitroaniline in water by HPLC is described p(o)Nitroaniline in water was extracted with ether The solution containing p(o)nitroaniline was evaprated to complete dryness in 40℃ waterbath, then reconstituted in 10ml methnol for determination The linear rangs were 0~10ml/L(r≥09994), the relative standard deviations(RSD) were 65%, 54%, the averange recovries were 1043%, 1074%.


Urban sprawl is a major challenge on the spatial growth of settlements in the 21st century. It is often confined to the peri-urban areas, and its impact on the social, economic, and environmental conditions of cities. The present study examined the impact of sprawl on the peri-urban areas of Benin City, Nigeria. It used a sample survey of 390 respondents that were selected in six suburban strata of road corridors radiating from the central business district (CBD) of Benin City. A sample size of 65 respondents was used in each stratum because of the sparse population. The instrument administered to the household heads was a likert-type. The data from the study were descriptively analysed, using frequencies and percentages. Analysis of variance was used to test the significance of the spatial variability of the impact between the strata. There was a significance difference between the six strata in the combined dependent variables. The results revealed indiscriminate dumping of solid waste, increased travel costs, high crime rate, increased cost of infrastructure, and land conversion as major impact on the peri-urban areas of Benin City. The impact of agricultural land conversion, solid waste and crime were significant. It was recommended that a master plan should be prepared for Benin City at a regional setting to segregate agricultural land from other urban land uses, the high crime in peri-urban areas should be checked by government and waste dumps should be properly sited.


The prevalence of urolithiasis in the United States and the cost of its care will increase dramatically in the future if the epidemics of obesity and diabetes mellitus continue unchecked, according to analyses conducted by researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.


C onfusion can exist between what is purely a quality improvement (QI) initiative versus when QI crosses over into research. There can be an ethical component to this, because it is essential that the protection of human subjects be maintained. If a QI project is not reviewed by an institutional


The international focus on embracing daylighting for energy efficient lighting purposes and the corporate sector's indulgence in the perception of workplace and work practice "transparency" has spurned an increase in highly glazed commercial buildings. This in turn has renewed issues of visual comfort and daylight-derived glare for occupants. In order to ascertain evidence, or predict risk, of these events; appraisals of these complex visual environments require detailed information on the luminances present in an occupant's field of view. Conventional luminance meters are an expensive and time consuming method of achieving these results. To create a luminance map of an occupant's visual field using such a meter requires too many individual measurements to be a practical measurement technique. The application of digital cameras as luminance measurement devices has solved this problem. With high dynamic range imaging, a single digital image can be created to provide luminances on a pixel-by-pixel level within the broad field of view afforded by a fish-eye lens: virtually replicating an occupant's visual field and providing rapid yet detailed luminance information for the entire scene. With proper calibration, relatively inexpensive digital cameras can be successfully applied to the task of luminance measurements, placing them in the realm of tools that any lighting professional should own.

This paper discusses how a digital camera can become a luminance measurement device and then presents an analysis of results obtained from post occupancy measurements from building assessments conducted by the Mobile Architecture Built Environment Laboratory (MABEL) project. This discussion leads to the important realisation that the placement of such tools in the hands of lighting professionals internationally will provide new opportunities for the lighting community in terms of research on critical issues in lighting such as daylight glare and visual quality and comfort.


This paper investigates differences in initial underpricing and long-run aftermarket performance between private equity-backed and non-sponsored IPOs on the Nordic main markets between 1998-2012. First-day returns are calculated to measure the initial underpricing, while a BHAR approach is used to investigate the long-run aftermarket performance. Using a sample of 227 IPOs (59 private-equity backed and 168 non-sponsored), the results in this paper suggest that both private equity-backed and non-sponsored IPOs are initially underpriced. In line with previous research, private equity-backed IPOs are found to be less initially underpriced than non-sponsored IPOs. Regarding the long-run aftermarket performance, the only significant result is the 12-month BHAR for the non-sponsored group, which suggests an abnormal return of 10,79 %. No statistically significant results are found on a 24 or 36-month time horizon. (Less)


Abstract Essential oil from leaf, root, and stem of Peperomia pellucida native to different countries have been isolated and characterized. Variations in the chemical composition of the essential oil from the same part of the plant were established. Meanwhile, the root essential oil of P. pellucida native to Nigeria has not been studied. This work aimed at characterizing the root essential oil of P. pellucida growing in Nigeria. To achieve this, pulverized roots (500 g) of P. pellucida were hydrodistilled and yielded 0.03±0.12 % (w/w) of essential oil. Analysis of the essential oil using GC and GC/MS showed the presence of twenty-three chemical compounds. The essential oil was predominated by sesquiterpenoids, which constituted 87.5 % of the oil. Monoterpenoids constituted 2.9 % of the oil. β-fernesene (22.2 %) was the most predominant compound in the essential oil. Other principal constituents of the oil were; β-bisabolene (14.8 %), β-bergamotene (10.7 %), 1,4- cadinadiene (7.4 %), α-copaene (6.6 %) and isosativene (6.5 %). Terpinen-4-ol (2.3 %) was the major monoterpenoid in the oil, while neryl acetate (0.6 %) existed in appreciable quantity. The predominance of β- fernesene in the oil implied that the oil was of β-farnesene chemotype.


Author(s): Popovic, Marko B; Simmons, Elizabeth H | Abstract: Ordinary technicolor and extended technicolor cannot produce the heavy top quark unaided. We demonstrate that a flavor-universal extension of the color interactions combined with an extended hypercharge sector that singles out the third generation can provide the necessary assistance. We discuss current experimental constraints and suggest how collider experiments can search for the predicted new heavy gauge bosons.


Analytical solutions that describe the elastic-plastic behavior of a beam column loaded at the ends and the midspan are presented. Much work has been done on the elastic solution, so the current effort is to extend this work to the inelastic range. Difficulties associated with the analysis are outlined, and the method of attack in overcoming these difficulties is described. The theoretical analysis of the six different cases which correspond to different stages of plastification wihtin the beam column is analyzed. Interaciton curves for combinations of axial force and lateral load that can be safely supported by the beam column of rectangular and wide-flange cross-sections are presented.