The study of amphibious operations has seen a definite resurgence during recent years. The recent wars in Iraq and Afghanistan forced militaries to shift their focus from traditional operations to those of counterinsurgency and counterterrorism. This shift in focus naturally affected the doctrine, organisation and employment of amphibious forces of Western militaries, such as the US Marine Corps and the British Royal Marines – who were both deployed in semi-conventional and counterinsurgency roles in Iraq and Afghanistan for extensive periods. However, after the end of these wars, both the US Marine Corps and the British Royal Marines had to go back to the proverbial drawing board and reassess their traditional roles as amphibious forces. Of interest, is the fact that in 2019, the Commandant of the US Marine Corps, General David H Berger, provided planning guidance in which he argued that the US Marines had to return to the sea, increase their naval integration, and expand their ability to fight not just from the sea but also in terms of sea control from the shore. 602 With this planning guidance, there was bound to be a drastic shift in the doctrine, organisation and employment of the US Marine Corps in general. While these developments were notable, they did not occur in a vacuum. Several militaries across the globe are currently reapplying their minds to amphibious operations and implementing drastic measures to remedy any potential shortfalls that exist in terms of doctrine, organisation and training. These changes are necessitated owing to the increasing likelihood of future amphibious operations due to an unprecedented population growth evidenced in coastal regions across the globe, the concomitant effects of climate change on existing waterways, rives and oceans, and growing political disputes in regions such as the South China Sea and the Arctic. During 2020, the Marine Corps University Press published an edited volume by Timothy Heck and Brett Friedman titled On contested shores: The evolving role of amphibious operations in the history of warfare . The book comprises 23 key chapters that trace the historical evolution of amphibious operations from the sixteenth century through to the present, and even looks toward the


This article is a report to the community of teaching organic chemists on an attempt to create a new style of organic laboratory experiences involving thought as well as recipes.


Abstract Targeted drug delivery system can reduce the side effects of high drug concentration by improving drug pharmacokinetics at lower doses. Citrate-gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a drug delivery system were synthesized via green nanotechnology technique to be used as a new imaging platform for tumor targeting. Citrate-AuNPs were synthesized with core size of 10 nm. Citrate-AuNPs were labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc) with radiochemical yield of 95.20 ± 2.70% with good in-vitro stability in both saline and human serum and well in-vivo studied in both normal and solid tumor bearing mice. The in-vivo biodistribution study of [99mTc]Tc-citrate-AuNPs in solid tumor bearing mice (as preliminary study) showed a high accumulation in tumor site with tumor/muscle of 4.35 ± 0.22 after 30 min post injection. The direct intratumoral (I.T) injection of [99mTc]Tc-citrate-AuNPs showed that this complex was retained in the tumor up to 77.86 ± 1.90 % at 5 min and still around 50.00 ± 1.42 % after 30 min post injection (p.i.). The newly presented nano-platform could be presented as a new potential radiopharmaceutical tumor imaging probe.


The educational component of the Values-for-Life curriculum is designed to help teachers implement instructional routines that enhance the love and respect, learning orientation, self-confidence, self-persistence, self-esteem, and self-reliance of infants, toddlers, preschoolers, and Head Start children. In this report, the development of instructional curriculum is reviewed and methods to evaluate its impact in seven centers are described. In these centers serving inner-city and semirural communities, results indicated that the curriculum was relatively successful in affecting all child outcomes except self-persistence even when different design strategies, demographically diverse samples, varying child ages, contrasting conditions of racial balance, and different measures, raters, settings, and lengths of intervention were used. Implicationsfor theory, research, practice, and policy are examined.


In this study, calcium copper titanate (CCTO) fillers were treated with 1%, 5%, and 10% of silane-based coupling agent 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). The CCTO treated with 10% GPTMS filled epoxy thin film composite exhibits a remarkable improvement (60%) of dielectric constant than untreated CCTO/epoxy thin film composite. Besides that, results treated CCTO/epoxy thin film composite produced using various epoxy resins showed that OP 392 epoxy thin film composite exhibited the highest glass transition temperature and degradation temperature, moderate dielectric constant, slightly lower coefficient of thermal expansion and lowest dielectric loss compared with D.E.R. 332 and Epolam 2015 epoxy thin film composites. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43313.


Summary

The method of spherical cap harmonic analysis (SCHA), due to Haines (1985) is appropriate for regional geomagnetic field modelling as it includes the required potential field constraints and, for a given number of model parameters, describes shorter wavelength features than a global spherical harmonic model. If the origin of the coordinate system is moved from the centre of the Earth towards the surface then the Earth's surface is no longer equidistant from the origin. At the Earth's surface the minimum wavelength described by a SCH model in the new coordinate system is smaller at the centre of the region than at the edge. This method of translated origin spherical cap harmonic analysis (TOSCA) has been applied to regional field modelling for Italy. The method is able to take advantage of the dense distribution of data at the centre of region and the model effectively smooths towards the periphery. The performance of the TOSCA model is discussed in relation to a model derived using conventional SCHA.


24 25 Chronically infected hepatitis C individuals commonly exhibit hepatic intracellular lipid 26 accumulation, termed steatosis. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection perturbs host lipid 27 metabolism through both cellular and viral-induced mechanisms, with the viral core 28 protein playing an important role in steatosis development. We have recently identified a 29 liver protein, the cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector B (CIDEB), as a HCV entry host 30 dependence factor that is downregulated by HCV infection in a cell culture model. Here, 31 we investigate the biological significance and molecular mechanism of this 32 downregulation. HCV infection in a mouse model downregulated CIDEB in the liver 33 tissue, and knockout of CIDEB gene in a hepatoma cell line results in multiple aspects 34 of lipid dysregulation that can contribute to hepatic steatosis, including reduced 35 triglyceride secretion, lower lipidation of very low density lipoproteins, and increased 36 lipid droplet (LD) stability. The potential link between CIDEB downregulation and 37 steatosis is further supported by the requirement of HCV core and its LD localization for 38 CIDEB downregulation, which utilize a proteolytic cleavage event that is independent of 39 the cellular proteasomal degradation of CIDEB. 40 41 IMPORTANCE Our data demonstrate that HCV infection of human hepatocytes in vitro 42 and in vivo results in CIDEB downregulation via a proteolytic cleavage event. Reduction 43 of CIDEB protein levels by HCV or gene-editing in turn leads to multiple aspects of lipid 44 dysregulation including LD stabilization. As such, CIDEB downregulation may contribute 45 to HCV-induced hepatic steatosis. 46


Increasing serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25‐D) in adults may enhance calcium absorption (Ca‐Abs). There are few similar pediatric data. We evaluated the relationship between 25‐D and Ca‐Abs by pooling data from 439 Ca‐Abs measurements over a 15 yr period at our center in 251 healthy children 4.9 to 16.7 yrs of age. Serum 25‐D ranged from 28 to 197 nmol/L (Mean 85 nmol/L). Ca‐Abs was correlated to 25‐D in the whole population, r = 0.16, p = 0.001. This relationship was closer in the 197 studies in early puberty (Tanner 2 or 3), r = 0.35, p < 0.001. We found no close relationship between Ca‐Abs and 25‐D in the 206 studies in which 25‐D was <80 nmol/L (r= 0.08, p = 0.24), including the 113 studies conducted in early puberty (r = 0.002, p = 0.98). In early puberty, Ca‐Abs was 111 ± 21 mg/d (SEM) greater in studies in which 25‐D was >80 nmol/L compared to those in which it was <80 nmol/L. This difference was not seen in prepubertal (Tanner 1) or postpubertal (Tanner 4 or 5) subjects. Improving vitamin D status may have limited effects on Ca‐Abs in healthy children except when 25‐D >80 nmol/L is achieved during early puberty.


We present a method for performing Hamiltonian Monte Carlo that largely eliminates sample rejection for typical hyperparameters. In situations that would normally lead to rejection, instead a longer trajectory is computed until a new state is reached that can be accepted. This is achieved using Markov chain transitions that satisfy the fixed point equation, but do not satisfy detailed balance. The resulting algorithm significantly suppresses the random walk behavior and wasted function evaluations that are typically the consequence of update rejection. We demonstrate a greater than factor of two improvement in mixing time on three test problems. We release the source code as Python and MATLAB packages.


Experience can be organised in various ways, for example, in the form of stories or arguments. This paper defends that at least these two forms possess irreductible functions of their own. First, six differences between stories and arguments are discussed (in contrast with arguments, stories possess: "nearness" to experience, relative singularity, intrinsic criteria of evaluation, lack of connection between form and truth, variety of functions, and open structure). Afterwards, three common meta-properties are discussed (both discursive forms intermingle constantly, both establish places of dispute and of cooperation, both are instruments of diversity). When is one or the other discursive form to be used? There are no precise, fixed and general criteria to decide. With respect to this, each speaker depends on his or her capacity of judgment.


Data collected from poison control centers indicate on millions of poisoning due to drug overdoses and acute drug poisonings represent one of the major causes of deaths. Groups of drugs that most commonly cause acute poisoning include sedatives/hypnotics/antipsychotics (benzodiazepines above all), paracetamol and different combinations with paracetamol, drugs used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, opioids, antiepileptics, antihistamines, etc. The trend of drug poisoning is increasing in the world and in our country as well where the most common poisoning are those caused by psychoactive drugs, especially by benzodiazepines. This paper gives a brief overview of the toxicity of antidepressants and antianxiety drugsbenzodiazepines, antipsychotics, antiepileptic-carbamazepine, drugs used in treatment of cardiovascular diseases, antihistaminics, methotrexate, and paracetamol which is a rather significant cause of poisoning despite the fact it is OTC drug.


Tiger puffer ,Fugu rubripes Cultured in cage for four years was hatched through artificial ripening .artificially induced spawning .artificial spawn-gathering and artificial insemination..The test on artificial culture of 100 thousand larva had been taken 50d later ,30 thousand fries of total-length of 40.69mm and weight of 1.78g in average were obtained. The survival rate is 33.33%.


The cultivation of teachers' professional attainments plays an important role in the development of higher special education.Based on the sample surveys in 16 teachers colleges for the disabled people,this article explains in details on how to improve teachers' professional attainments of special education.It's of great importance to adjust faculty structure,optimize the allocation of teacher resources,accelerate the development of service for the disabled,and achieve education equality.


The principle of good faith,being a general clause,is an important tool of legal interpretation,and reasonable application of it demands unified legal interpretation.Only confirming the principle of good faith and discretionary power in legislation,and limiting the direct application of the principle through legal interpretation,can the related trials be reasonable.


Results of simulations and experiments on a high-power double-pass explosively pumped photo-dissociation iodine laser (EPDL) with phase conjugation (PC) are presented. The laser system consists of a master oscillator, two exploding amplifiers with a working mixture 25 Torr C3F7I+125 Torr Xe and amplifier aperture of 15 cm, and an SBS-mirror. The SBS mirror consists of an angular selector of Stokes radiation, an ordered raster of small diffraction lenses, a main focusing lens, and an SBS cell. The calculation model and the computer code package take into account the actual three-dimensionality of space, transient effects at SBS, parasitic reflections of laser radiation from elements of the optical scheme, intrinsic amplified spontaneous emission of amplifiers, radiation losses in the optical path, non-uniformity of gain, and radiation refraction on optical non-uniformities of the active medium caused by a shock wave. In the laser system, an optimal configuration of the SBS mirror is used. It possesses unique properties if compared to the existing specimens of SBS mirrors. It stably gives a nearly ideal quality of PC at any level of SBS saturation, i.e. any reflection coefficient that has been confirmed by experimental laboratory investigations. As a result of investigations, a good agreement of calculated results with available experimental data has been demonstrated in energy, time dependence of power and Strehl number of output radiation. The considered EPDL has output energy of about 400 J and brightness of about 1012 J/sr. It has been found that with the increase of the flux density of an input signal from the master oscillator in the range 0.01-20 W/cm2 the brightness of EPDL output radiation increases as well whereas the full energy varies relatively slightly. It has been shown that parasitic reflections of laser radiation from the ends of amplifiers and elements of the optical scheme with a coefficient exceeding 10-7 considerably decrease the axial brightness of output radiation. In order to reduce the harmful effect of parasitic reflections on brightness the distance between amplifiers should be increased.


One of my favorite authors is Thomas Friedman, a columnist for The New York Times, who writes, among other topics, about the globalization of our 21st century economy. His most recent book, That Used to be Us (That used to be us: how America fell behind in the world it invented and how we can come back. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux; 2011), which he co-authored with Michael Mandelbaum, addresses what the authors perceive as the decline of inventiveness in the United States. In their book, the authors describe four types of workers. The first type is called "creative creators." These are individuals who do nonroutine work in a nonroutine way. These individuals are the top professionals: the best lawyers, accountants, physicians, scientists, teachers, and medical physicists. The second category is the "routine creators." These are individuals who do nonroutine work, but in a routine way: the average lawyers, accountants, physicians, scientists, teachers, and medical physicists. The third category is the set of individuals called "creative servers." These are the lesser-skilled individuals who, nonetheless, do their jobs in inspired ways. For example, the baker who has a special cake recipe or the nursing aide who displays inspired bedside skills in the nursing home. The final category is the "routine servers," individuals who do routine work in routine way, offering nothing extra. As medical physicists, we like to place ourselves in the category of "creators," but, based on the classifications described by Friedman and Mandelbaum, we need to ask ourselves whether we are creative creators or routine creators. Following the reasoning of Friedman and Mandelbaum, just because our work is not routine, that does not immunize us from such job-killing actions as outsourcing or automation. If you are a routine creator, your work becomes a commodity, a product that can be sold to the lowest bidder. Ask yourself the following question: What do you bring to your work as a medical physicist that is unique? Even though you possess expertise that is relatively scarce, how can you be sure that your work will not eventually be replaced by someone who can do it faster, more efficiently, at less cost? Worse yet, from your point of view, can you eventually be replaced by a machine? As Friedman recently wrote, "Average is officially over."(1) To illustrate this point, look, for example, at some of the routine tasks that have been performed by clinical medical physicists. One of these tasks is the weekly checking of radiation oncology treatment charts. Years ago, when treatment times and doses were filled in manually, we would regularly find errors in the charts, primarily in the addition of doses. Continual review of these charts was necessary to ensure that the patient received the correct number of treatments and the prescription goals were met. After several years as a medical physicist checking addition on a weekly basis, I moved to another institution that had a practice of "dosing out" charts, in which the dosimetrist would pencil in what the accumulated doses should be in advance, and flag points at which treatment needed to be changed or terminated. This simple action reduced errors and made the manual checking of arithmetic much more routine. Then we moved to electronic charts, in which all the addition and dose recording was done automatically and accurately. The next logical step is to develop "intelligent charts," containing software that would compare the numbers in a patient's chart to a database of patient charts, flagging only those charts for which there might be some deviation from a site-specific, prescription-specific standard. Such an approach is likely to be more efficient, more reliable, and ultimately more cost effective, than human checking. What happens to the average medical physicist then? Another example lies in the routine machine output and energy checks that are performed regularly on linear accelerators. Linear accelerators are becoming extremely stable and reliable, so that vendors have been suggesting that regular checking may not be necessary. What if we add an external monitor that would continuously measure the output and beam energy while minimally perturbing the beam, warning us only if output and energy varied by more JOURNAL OF APPLIED CLINICAL MEDICAL PHYSICS, VOLUME 13, NUMBER 3, 2012


Based on U-Boot depth analysis,studied the S3C2440 LCD controller and INNOLUX 7-inch LCD image-forming principle in detail.At last,achieved boot logo combineing with the system hardware and software features.Experiment results show that achieving the boot logo on U-Boot can provide developer and user with friendly boot information.


Two novel Halophilic archaea,strains tarim8 and tarim158,were isolated and purified from Xiaoerkule salt lake in Xinjiang. The cells of tarim8 were coccus with 2. 5-3. 0 μm,whereas strain tarim158 were rod-shaped with 0. 3-0. 6 μm × 6. 0-13. 05μm. Both of them were Gram-negative,and required to live at a NaCl concentration of 12%-23%( w / v). The major polar lipids of two strains by two-dimension analysis were PG( phosphatidylglycerol),PGP-Me( phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester) and PGS( phosphatidylglycerol sulfate). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that they were related to Natrinema versiforme( with 97. 8% similarities) and Haloterrigena turkmenia( 97. 5%). The major respiratory lipoquinones of two strains by HPLC analysis were MK-8、MK-( 8-VIII-H2). It was concluded that the new isolates could not be classified in any recognized genus. Strain tarim8 and tarim158 were thus considered to represent a novel species in a new genus within the family Halobacteriaceae.


Cloud balancing provides an organization with the ability to distribute application requests across any number of application deployments located in different data centers and through Cloud-computing providers. In this paper, we propose a load balancing methodMinsd (Minimize standard deviation of Cloud load method) and apply it on three levels control: PEs (Processing Elements), Hosts and Data Centers. Simulations on CloudSim are used to check its performance and its influence on makespan, communication overhead and throughput. A true log of a cluster also is used to test our method. Results indicate that our method not only gives good Cloud balancing but also ensures reducing makespan and communication overhead and enhancing throughput of the whole the system.


Vector pET28c is transferred into the expression host BL(DE3) in E.coli.The gene was successfully expressed as a fusion protein GABAB with a His-tag at its N terminal.After the recombinant E.coli was induced with 1 mmol·L-1 IPTG for 5 h,the percentage of the recombinant protein could get to 50% of the total E.coli protein,and 1 mL culture medium could produce 65 μg GABAB protein.GABAB protein was then purified by Ni-NTA column affinity chromatography under denaturing conditions(8 mol·L-1 urea).The GABAB protein was successfully refolded while it was immobilized on Ni-NTA,by washing it using Refolding buffer with urea concentration as follows 6,5,4,3,2,1,0 mol·L-1.


Background: Cardiac dysfunction is a well-known complication of sepsis, but its characteristics and consequences, especially on a longer term, remain unclear. The aim of this thesis was to study th ...


A constraint of rubble-pile interior is an essential issue for better understanding of its formation scenario such as catastrophic disruption and reconfiguration. A goal of this study is to demonstrate a method to constrain unknown density distribution within a small solar system body. We calculated the gravity field on the surface of asteroid 25143 Itokawa using a 3D shape model. We assumed density inhomogeneity between two lobes of Itokawa; "Head" and "Body" of the sea-otter-like shape. Then, we estimated interior density distribution of Itokawa as an index of the gravity potential variance (and surface slope average). This study implied that the Head of Itokawa had a more monolithic structure of significantly higher density than the remaining Body part. The density of the Head was evaluated as ∼ 2 , 750kg / m 3 , which is much higher than the Itokawa's mean density of 1 , 950kg / m 3 . Such a dramatic density anomaly corresponds to a great o ff set between the center-of-mass (COM) and the center-of-figure (COF) by ∼ 16m. This result implies interior density inhomogeneity within a rubble-pile asteroid.


Keeping in mind the final result is the basis of any type of treatment, especially those in which the morphology, size and proportion of the anterior teeth will be changed. This is where a good treatment plan based on a diagnostic wax-up tested with a mock-up and approved by the patient becomes crucial. This case report aims to exemplify how to transfer the diagnostic information to the patient's mouth and direct it not only to the restorative dentistry, but also to the surgeon when performing the crown length. Diagnostic waxing was performed by the laboratory technician, obeying anterior posterior incisal and gingival criteria and curvatures, which were transported to an aesthetic guide through mock up to mark the surgical points. Then, surgery to increase the clinical crown with bone access and after healing, direct venners in composite resin also guided by waxing. In conclusion, a workflow can be established using the wax-up / mock-up that serves as a guide for the periodontist in the approach to surgical lengthening of the crown and for the rehabilitator who uses it to produce changes in the shape of dental dimensions .


The Common carp, Cyprinus carpio was exposed to sublethal concentrations of chromium for various exposure periods (8, 16, 24 and 32days). Serum glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, serum GOT and GPT were measured both in control and experimental fish. During various exposure periods (8, 16, 24 and 32 days), the levels of serum glucose, total cholesterol, GOT and GPT levelss were (P<0.05) significantly elevated in the experimental fish over the control and the serum total protein was decreased significantly (P<0.05) in experimental fish.


In this paper I show that Austrian trade cycle theory is fully consistent with rational expectations. I also compare and contrast rational expectations with an al- ternative theory of rationality and show that Austrian trade cycle theory is consistent with this alternative theory of rationality. I achieve the above by first providing an exposition of Austrian trade cycle theory. I then proceed to show that one would have to associate omniscience with rationality to claim that Austrian trade cycle theory is inconsistent with rationality. I also show that because the central bank manipulates the money supply in an erratic manner, it is impossible to use Austrian trade cycle theory to predict exactly when the current cycle will end and the next cycle will begin. Further, I show that even if all businessmen and entrepreneurs had rational expec- tations, the trade cycle would still occur. I show that because of the nature of the monetary and banking system we have today, the trade cycle must necessarily occur, and that it is supporters of the current system who have irrational expectations.


Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is characterized by classic symptoms of paresthesias in the median distribution and weakness that is sometimes accompanied by thenar atrophy. We describe an unusual case presenting with thenar hypertrophy.


An important component in the deregulation of the public sector in the European Union is public procurement of services and products. This paper studies the bidding behavior of firms participating in public tenders of passenger railway services in Sweden. At a later stage in this research, the intention is to broaden the analysis to include the similar markets of Great Britain and Germany. A general assumption in the paper is that firms sometimes place very low bids and sometimes very high bids in tenders. In a theoretical part of the paper we discuss both these forms of strategic pricing, linked to a discussion on continuous and discontinuous economies of scale regarding costs of production. Detailed data on bids and bidders in Swedish tenders of railway services are then analyzed. About 30 tenders taking place between 1992 and 2003 are included, checking for cases of very low and high bids and other types of deviation within the data material. Among the early results, based upon this rather limited data set, we find that big firms like SJ and Connex tend to place either the lowest or the highest bid when participating in tenders. Connex' bids generally deviate more from the average bid level than the bids from other firms. More data from Sweden and other countries is needed to make further analyses and hypothesis testing applicable. The scarcity of data is in itself an interesting result of the study, since it is caused by efforts of the procuring authorities to protect the "secrets" of the bidders. We argue that this is against the competition policy of the European Union and may harm the tendering process and industry development.


The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of taurine supplements on broiler growth performance,immune organ development and antioxidative ability.Two hundred and forty 1 day-old chicks,were divided randomly into 5 groups,each group with 3 replicates.The groups were fed basal diets with 0%(control group),0.05%,0.10%,0.15% and 0.20% taurine for 42 d,respectively.The results showed that:(1)Dietary taurine of 0.10% increased the average daily gain and improved feed conversion(P0.05),increased the index of spleen at 3 weeks and the index of bursal at 6 weeks(P0.05),enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in serum and in liver at 3 weeks,decreased the malondialdehyde(MDA) concentration in serum and liver at 3 weeks(P0.05).(2) Dietary taurine of 0.15% increased the index of Spleen and thymus at 3 weeks(P0.05).(3) Dietary taurine of 0.20% had no remarkable effects on growth performance,immune organ development and antioxidative ability(P0.05).


Abstract : The report describes the glacial environment and processes now in existence in southeastern Alaska. The dominant surficial geologic processes are glaciation and stream action. Formed in the high mountains, glaciers erode bedrock, sculpture characteristic landforms, and deposit subglacial and marginal debris. In areas vacated by the glacier, sediment-laden streams help to construct a landscape whose varied landforms originate from the complex interaction between a retreating ice margin, disintegrating ice, and running or ponded meltwater.


A software-based processing approach for contrast-enhanced ultrasound (US) imaging is presented. Termed pulse-inversion spectral convolution (PISD), the main motivation here was to further evaluate the performance of this contrast-enhanced US imaging technique using a series of experimental studies. The PISD-based contrast-enhanced US approach is founded on a class of Gaussian derivative functions (GDFs). Two types of PISD pulses (one GDF and convolution of three GDF pulses) can be used to form two new inverted pulse sequences. These pulses are then used to filter backscattered US data for isolation of the nonlinear MB signal component. An US system (Vantage 256, Verasonics Inc) with a L11-4v linear array transducer was programmed and used for PISD-based contrast-enhanced US imaging. The receive data from all channels was shaped using a wide beamforming technique. In vitro US images were collected from a flow phantom perfused with a MB contrast agent using PISD and traditional pulse-inversion US (nonlinear, NL) for comparison. Further, role of the transmit aperture size ($\text{TX}=32$ or 64) was also evaluated using a US pulse frequency of 6.25 MHz and a low mechanical index of 0.2. Contrast enhancement was measured using a contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Preliminary in vivo data was acquired from the hindlimb (femoral artery) of healthy rats after receiving a bolus injection of MBs. Overall, widebeam contrast-enhanced US imaging using the larger aperture size of 64 elements yielded improved CNR values. Using this widebeam US imaging approach, both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that the PISD-based contrast-enhanced US technique produced images with improved contrast compared to the more traditional B-mode and NL US imaging strategies.


Non-clinical studies play important roles in drug development and regulatory evaluation. This special issue addresses the statistical issues encountered in the experimental design and analysis of nonclinical data on the important topics of pharmacogenomics, pharmacology/toxicology (pharm/tox), and chemistry manufacturing and control. We hope that the collection of 15 articles in this special issue will advance research in non-clinical statistics. Recent advances in biotechnology have accelerated research on the development of pharmacogenomic classifiers to identify patients most likely to benefit from particular drugs and patients most likely to experience adverse reactions. Five articles are included in this special issue covering the most important issues in the development of pharmacogenomic classifiers: feature extraction and feature selection, and class prediction. In "A Permutation Two One-sided Tests Procedure to Detect Minimal Fold Changes of Gene Expression Levels," Liu et al. present a permutation two-one-sided-tests procedure to identify differentially expressed genes. The procedure takes both the minimal biologically fold change and statistical significance into consideration. In "A Predictive Risk Probability Approach for Microarray Data with Survival as the Endpoint," Chen et al. consider cancer risk classification with survival endpoints. Classification outcomes can depend on the number of top-ranked genes selected for risk profiling. The authors develop a procedure for estimating each patient's average risk score from a range of numbers of top-ranked genes to accommodate the variation. The two papers, "Incremental Forward Feature Selection with Application to Microarray Gene Expression" by Lee et al. and "Identifying High-dimensional Biomarkers for Personalized Medicine via Variable Importance Ranking" by Baek et al. deal with the problem of feature selection for sample classification. Lee et al. propose a novel strategy for selecting important genes. A gene will be added into the current selected gene list if it will bring in the most information. Baek et al. present a variable ranking method for analyzing variable importance. The authors compare several feature selection methods in conjunction with several classification algorithms. In "Multi-spectra CWT-based Algorithm (MCWT) in Mass Spectra for


Multiplexing combination surround signal is decoded to include at least a first left channel signal, a first channel signal and a right-rear channel signal. After tightening the rear channel signals by a given process is converted into a signal related to the surround left signal, right signal. The given process is designed so that when there is no rear speakers using only the front speaker positions for each of the sound image with respect to the rear localized listener. Based on a first left channel signal and a surround left signal related to the left channel signal generating additional surround sound effect. Based on a first right channel signal and a right surround signal associated with a right channel signal generating additional surround-sound effect.


JOPERD • Volume 82 No. 6 • August 2011 John Wooden, the legendary UCLA basketball coach, often said "You haven't taught until they have learned" and "Never mistake activity for achievement." These statements about teaching and learning likely show why Coach Wooden was so successful. They also have implications for teaching physical education— just because teachers are teaching and children are moving does not mean that children are learning. Teaching without learning does not help students develop and grow and does not contribute to their overall education. The goal of teaching is learning, and learning in physical education requires more than activity for children to achieve. This article is based on the Alliance Scholar Lecture I gave at the AAHPERD meeting in San Diego in 2011, which provided an opportunity to present my research program. I build on the presentation here by discussing research that focuses on research on teaching in physical education, with a particular emphasis on motor skill learning and on student attitude toward physical education. Most of the research and scholarly work I have published has been the product of a team, first with my mentors and then with my students. Throughout this article you will see citations to many of these people who have been critical to the work—and, in the case of my students, have contributed greatly as they have begun to develop as scholars in their own right. I will begin by presenting a brief theoretical background that has influenced the research I will report. I then will provide some information on the general research methods used for many of the studies that are included in the next section, which gives highlights of results about teaching and learning. That section will first focus on motor skill learning and then on student attitude. Finally, I will offer conclusions.


. The δ 18 O of gaseous oxygen in ice core air bubbles (δ 18 O bub ) has been widely used for reconstruction of climate 10 changes in polar glaciers. Yet, less is known about its climatic implication in alpine glaciers as the lack of continuous record. Here, we present a long-term δ 18 O bub record from the Tanggula glacier in the central Tibetan Plateau (TP). It shows that there is a good correlation between the variation of the δ 18 O bub in this alpine ice core and the accumulation or melting of the glacier. The more developed the firn layer on glacier surface, the more positive the δ 18 O bub is. The more intense the glacier melting, the more negative the δ 18 O bub is. Combined with the chronology of the ice core air bubbles, we reconstructed the 15 glacier variations since the late Holocene in the central TP. It showed that there were four accumulation and three deficit periods of glaciers in this region. The strongest glacier accumulation period was from 1610-300 B.C., which corresponding to the Neoglaciation. The most significant melting period was the last 100 years, which corresponding to the recent global warming. During the Little Ice Age, glacier accumulation in the central TP was not significant, and even short deficit events occurred. Comparisons of the late Holocene glacier variation in the central TP with hemispheric glacier and climate 20 variations showed that it was closely related to the North Atlantic Oscillation. We compared the age-depth relationship results of the Tanggula ice core established by layer counting, the GFM (detailed calculation process was given by Bolzan in 1985) and the comparison with TSI 3b). It shows that they are in good agreement with each other within the upper 90 m ice core, which confirmed that the dating results obtained by layer counting was credible. On the other hand, these five age-depth relationship curves begin to diverge with depth increase under 90 m. The age calculated by the GFM varied greatly with glacier thickness ( H ). Fortunately, the age-depth relationship determined by comparing with the TSI was in good agreement with that determined by the GFM when the glacier thickness ( H ) was


In the EDBMGIS (Embedded Database Based Mobile Geospatial Information Service) architecture application, the data of embedded database in the mobile terminal is duplicated from the server. After a period's system operation, data in both the mobile client and server will be changed. In order to keep the data consistency, the synchronization of data on both side is discussed in this paper. In addition, a tiered replication model which is put forward to solve the synchronization problem under 3-tier replication architecture (Mobile client- Synchronization Server - Database Server).This model utilizes a novel double timestamp strategy to promote the efficiency of synchronization. Besides, it ensures serializability and consistency of the mobile database system through transaction-level conflict reconciliation.


Using documents review and logical analysis,this paper discusses briefly the changes in sport under commercialization.Under the great influences of commercialization,changes of different levels in sport that used to be regarded as play have arisen in terms of nature,structure,content and organization,etc.Modern sport,the amateur principle of which has declined and disintegrated gradually,is on the way of professionalism.Sports rules,the surroundings of play fields,sports goods and equipments and others offer a service to the profits of economy and media.Sports orientation has changed from aesthetics orientation to hero orientation,which becomes a form of mass amusement.The combination of media system,sports system and economic system makes modern professional sport form a new organizational system.


Brackish lakes and estuaries are strongly affected by both terrestrial and oceanic factors because ofthe complex mixing of fresh water and seawater, and their characteristic fluctuations in water quality differ from those o f freshwater lakes or the oceans (McLusKY 1989). In brackish water areas, there are large fluctuations in salinity with the tides and freshwater discharge, which play a key role in establishing the distribution and dynamics ofthe physico-chemical water quality. Fluctuations of salinity influence the distribution of biological species. When a strong halocline forms in brackish waters, the vertical mixing of substances between the water layers above and below is limited (LouGEE et al. 2002, DEDA et al. 2005). Therefore, water quality and characterization of an ecosystem in a brackish lake differ in its upper and lower layers. Brackish Lake Obuchi in Rokkasho, Japan, is bordered by a nuclear spent-fuel reprocessing plant. Small amounts of radionuclides (such as Kr, H, C, and I) are released from the reprocessing plant and may enter this lake from the ocean by means of tides, from the land via rivers, and from the atmosphere by fallout. The behavior of these radionuclides is strongly influenced by environmental factors in the lake ecosystem. Therefore, the impact of radioactive substances released from the reprocessing plant must be evaluated to assess the safety of the surrounding environment and to develop a radionuclide transfer model for this lake. We developed the transfer model for radionuclides to evaluate the physical-biological interactions in terms of an estuarine lower-trophic (phytoplankton and zooplankton) ecosystem (UEDA et al. 2006); however, the calculated precision of a primary production of phytoplankton is slightly low. To improve the reproducibility of our model, the parameter related to a primary production of phytoplankton in the field must be obtained. In this study we clarified the vertical distributions of primary production ofphytoplankton and environmental factors (such as water quality, water temperature, salinity, and irradiance) in Lake Obuchi to obtain the parameter related to a primary production in the field. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between photosynthesis and the irradiance (P-I curve) curve in the upper and lower layers by the C technique.


A series of new metal-organic coordination complexes, [Co2(HBTC)2(Pyphen)2(H2O)4]·4H2O (1), [Mn(HBTC)(Pyphen)(H2O)] (2), [Cd2(OH)(BTC)(Pyphen)2]·H2O (3), [Cu2(OH)(BTC)(Pyphen)] (4), and [Zn2(OH)(BTC)(Pyphen)] (5) were prepared through hydrothermal reactions of pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]-phenanthroline (Pyphen) and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) with different metal salts. All these compounds were structurally determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. In the dinuclear Co(II) compound (1) π–π interactions exist between Pyphen and HBTC2− ligands, resulting in interesting 2D supramolecular layers. For complex (2), the Mn(II) centers are linked by HBTC2− ligands to form a 2D (4,4) coordination layer, and these layers are interdigitated in pairs. Polymer (3) also possesses a 2D network structure composed of the tetrametallic clusters [Cd4(µ2-OH)2], which is extended to 3D arrays through the π–π interactions between Pyphen ligands. The isostructural coordination polymers (4) and (5) show the same 3D framework structure. Solid-state luminescent spectra of the Cd(II) and Zn(II) complexes indicate intense fluorescent emissions.


Letter submitted by Emily Sheketoff to Chairmen John Kline and Lamar Alexander, Ranking members Robert Scot and Patty Murray regarding support for school libraries in conference agreement for the Elementary and Secondary Education Act.


This paper builds a theoretical framework to endogeneize the editorial decisions of media and analyze their asset pricing implications. The media outlet optimally reports man-bites-dog signals by choosing to report about the firm that generates more uncertainty to investors. There are three main implications of the model. First, the editorial choice is state-dependent and not only has asset pricing implications for reported firms, but also for non-reported firms. Second, the model generates an asymmetric response of asset prices to positive and negative news. Specifi-cally, the asset price reaction is much stronger for negative news than for positive news. Third, public information does not necessarily crowd out the acquisition of private information. Failing to capture the information implications of editorial choices may lead the econometrician to estimate a misspecified asset pricing model. We provide empirical evidence inline with the model predictions


appreciation of the value of West African posts form the substance of this scholarly book. The difficulties arising from the fragmented authority of chiefs at Grand Bassam are discussed, as far as they can be from the available literature, and contrasted with the more stable situation at Assinie, where the French allied themselves with the kings of Krinjabo against the Nzimas and occasionally the Ashanti. In Gabon, the rivalry of the Boulou, Bakalais, and Pahouin native traders and the M'pongwe middlemen obliged French commandants to interfere and gradually to extend posts elsewhere in the estuary. At all three establishments the character of French administration was influenced more by the structure of local authorities than by guiding policies from Paris. Plantation schemes failed for lack of labour; French versions of' courts of equity' were set up at Gabon in 1849 for lack of a recognized judiciary; Libreville was founded with liberated slaves, and these, like their earlier counterparts at Freetown, had to be provisioned by the administration. By 1850 the commercial failure of the posts was fully evident; but France did not give them up so long as they were felt to be some compensation for the threat of British expansion along the West Coast. National prestige, rather than economic advantage, lay behind this early imperialism. Progressively, too, the posts were opened up to foreign traders and exports to foreign ports permitted. By 1869 the last vestiges of the Colonial Pact vanished, and the period of free trade on the coast was accompanied by increasing efforts by France (as well as Britain) to make the posts pay for themselves. Customs increased, so did expenditure, and in 1871 the Ivory Coast posts were abandoned. Meanwhile the strength of French colonial interest in West Africa concentrated north of Sierra Leone in Senegal and Guinea. The reasons for this development of the Senegal area are fully analysed in M. Schnapper's discussion of the growth of the groundnut and palm-oil markets in France and the technical considerations influencing the import of oil-bearing products. There are good sections, too, on the fluctuation of prices in the coastal markets and the difficulty experienced by French traders in finding goods to compete with English cloth. This is a well-documented study and the maps and bibliography are excellent. C. W. NEWBURY


The problem of the electron dynamics on a closed magnetic field line passing through a high-$Z$ plasmoid is considered. The electron kinetic equation is integrated over bounce motion and pitch angle, reducing the independent variables to a single adiabatic invariant plus time. Integration of the full Landau self-collision operator is carried out exactly, resulting in a nonlinear integro-differential operator in the new invariant. Conservation laws and the $H$ theorem of the integrated self-collision operator are proven. Numerical solutions of the integrated kinetic equation are obtained with a self-consistent quasineutral electric potential, given the initial condition of a cold plasmoid immersed in a hot ambient plasma. The fact that cold electrons are deeply trapped in a potential with a parabolic peak leads to exactly 3/4 the usual rate of collisional heating by the ambient plasma, independent of any other parameters.


This paper will highlight the power management features of the newest blades for Cray XC50 and updates to the Cray PMDB (Power Management Database). The paper will first highlight the power monitoring and control features of the compute blades. The paper will then highlight power management changes in the SMW 8.0.UP06 release for the PMDB. These database implementation changes enhance the PMDB performance, configuration and management. This paper targets system administrators along with researchers involved in advanced power monitoring and management, power aware computing, and energy efficiency. Keywords-Cray Advanced Power Management; Power monitoring; power capping;


In the September 1990 issue of this journal Michael Lambek presents the salient characteristics of a ceremonial feast system, the shunggu, among the Malagasy-speakers on the island of Mayotte in the Comoro Archipelago (Lambek 1990). Lambek's interest is in showing the role played by the shunggu system in the social construction of individual identity in this culture. In his analysis he depends on concepts he adopts from Sahlins's (1972) typology of exchange processes. Lambek has made an error in interpretation that produces a vital flaw in his argument. Specifically, Lambek asserts that an allocation process can be at once a manifestation of pooling and balanced reciprocity. We hope to clarify the point from Sahlins and demonstrate its importance by showing how in the case of the shunggu system a better understanding leads to a reinterpretation of its role in the social system. Each individual who enters a shunggu group is responsible for providing a feast. The rights and responsibilities of each member within the shunggu are well defined and socially prescribed with only the timing of these events to be established. When all members have made


The first time I heard of the STOP paper was sometime in the mid 1980s when the historian of technical writing, John Brockmann, phoned me to ask if my Information Mapping method of structured writ. ing derived from the STOP method. At the time I told Brockmann that there was no direct relationship between our two approaches since I'd never read the paper. When the editor of this journal sent me the STOP document in preparation for writing this paper, I read it with delight. Although our two innovations date from the same period, the STOP authors and I were working in two completely different disciplines, cukures, organizations, and locations. These two approaches resulted in modularityalbeit of quite different kinds. The main purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast these two approaches to modularity. I should note here that I approach this paper principally as an exercise in historical comparison, rather than as an exposition of my current views, about which I will say a bit at the end of this article. Some parts of this paper are quotes and rewrites of my paper Horn (1993). Similarities between STOP and Structured Writing


Examining information requirements according to the negotiation categories of structure, strategy, procedure, outcome and behavior, this article calls for data on action types, results, and sources; on determinants of target susceptibilities to action types; on blockage and its costs; on issues under consideration, changing proposals and parties' changing positions on issues; on parties' perceived payoffs, and evaluations of win, loss and deadlock; on parties' evaluation of their security points, and efforts to alter security points; on potential tradeoffs; and on available and evolving conceptions of justice.


Using company-level data from the Czech Republic dating from the years 1998, 2002, and 2004, the article examines whether the introduction of legislative measures aimed at gender equality in connection with the country's accession to the European Union had significant effects on gender wage gaps. The main conclusion of the analysis is that within-job wage discrimination is a significant factor in the Czech labour market and that there were no substantive changes during the period studied. Women doing the same job in the same company earn about 10 per cent less than men in the Czech Republic. Much of the gender wage gap can be explained by horizontal and vertical gender segregation of the labour market. The lowest gender wage gaps are found in firms and groups of employees that are representative of or have strong ties to the socialist past. The article concludes with speculations about whether motherhood and the double-burden of women, combined with the lack of respect and authority accorded the path dependent legal system, results in legislative changes having little impact on practices in Czech society and in persistence gender wage discrimination.


Abstract: This research to examined the role of  Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama (FKUB, the strategies of used, as well as the supporting and obstacles's factor faced by FKUB in developing the value of tolerance in Bekasi Regency. The location of this research was in FKUB office, Sinyar Barat street No 10, Karangsari Village, Cikarang Timur District, Bekasi Regency. This research used a qualitative's method with data collecting by interviewing, observation and documentation. The result showed that the role of FKUB in developing  the value of tolerance in Bekasi Regency including three important roles,they are : the are role as figure religious includes helping the government to resolve the conflicts, the role model for his  followers, teaching the religious pluralism As the member of FKUB including: the implementers of the socialization program PBM, helping the government to resolve conflict between the religious communities, active in dialogue with society,reviewing the recommendations a permit for the establishment of worship's house. As the officials including implementers, the communicator and coordinator of the FKUB's  program. The strategy and media that used dialogue, although there isn't the special media, only by socializing through the districts/wards. FKUB programs in developing value of tolerance is the socialization PBM No. 9/8 2006, dialogue with community organizations and figures. The supporting and obstacles's factor in developing tolerance of value  in Bekasi regency consists of internal and external. Suggestion in this research are: for FKUB as the government's partners keep trying to socialize PBM so that people  be able understand. For local governments, providing the official office and establishing a permanent budget for FKUB on implementing it's program. For the society, supporting FKUB in efforts in developing value of tolerance and keeping the religious harmony in Bekasi regency.


This research entitled "Development of Communicative-Based Teaching Materials in Aqidah Akhlaq Subjects "aims to improve learning by choosing the right strategy, procurement of efficient and interesting teaching materials. Also in order to achieve the learning target in accordance with the provisions set. Therefore, teaching materials are the most important component in learning. One of the main elements or urgent parts of the curriculum is teaching materials.
Therefore the teacher as someone who delivers students to achieve goals or competencies, and must understand the principles in the development of teaching materials. In the new normal some schools use an online system, it is necessary to have communicative teaching materials so that they can be used and learned independently by students. Especially in a class that in fact has just entered junior high school. So it can help students in understanding online learning materials are felt less. Moreover, learning aqidah akhlaq to shape the personality of students in order to have a strong faith and laughter. so that his life is decorated with noble akhlaq.


As known, internal model control is equivalent to a PI or a PID controller provided that the mathematical model associated to the process to be controlled is of first or second order respectively. So, to go beyond these particular cases and to make an extension in bringing more theoretical results, the article proposes a method to reach the equivalence between an internal model control and a PI controller regardless of the model order. To this end, the key idea consists of using a specific filter that exhibits superior robustness level compared to the classical filter and further leads to get a structure of a PI controller whatever the order of the model is. The developed procedure constitutes the main contribution of this article. To meet given set of specifications, the controller parameters are tuned through a straightforward analytic way using the dynamics of the tracking error. The proposed tuning strategy constitutes another contribution of the article. Furthermore, to evaluate the efficiency level of this procedure, an application to control an autonomous vehicle is described and the simulation results are shown to be satisfactory confirmed by a series of experimental tests.


The differential relay is subject to transient events such as inrush current, which may affect its correct operation. Therefore, evaluating the reliable and accurate operation of differential relays is important, which is only possible by mapping the relay's differential trajectory on its setting curve. However, except for the SIGRA software, creating a differential trajectory only for Siemens relays, there is a gap in developing a method to extract this trajectory for other commercial differential relays. Hence, in this paper, a new method for generating the differential trajectory of the differential relay from their six input currents and mapping it on the relay setting curve is presented. The proposed method uses the differential relay COMTRADE files to access the relay input currents during an incident. The currents recorded in the COMTRADE files belong to the secondary sides of the current transformers (CTs). Accordingly, the impacts of the current transformers' connections and the protected transformer's connection type should be considered in the proposed study. The ability of the proposed method to generate the differential trajectory for different incidents that occurred on the power transformers is evaluated using simulation studies and also according to the experimental tests. The results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method in generating the differential trajectory from the COMTRADE files. In addition, comparing the results of the proposed method with the results created in SIGRA software shows the higher accuracy of the proposed method in producing the differential trajectory of the differential relay.


This thesis replicates and explores some of the recent findings by Robert Siegler regarding the development ofaddition skills in grade one children. Siegler states that children employ a number ofdifferent strategies to solve single digit addition problems, these strategies coexist and compete, and cognitive variability is an essential aspect of cognitive development. He also advocates the use of the microgenetic approach in order to explore cognitive development. Many of Siegler' s observations were replicated while the microgenetic approach produced valuable information. Consideration of Siegler's work resulted in two research questions being formulated, both concerning the actual selection of strategies. First, a prediction analysis was employed to test the hypothesis that children attempt to match the most appropriate strategy to the problem presented according to a principle ofleast effort (defined as the attempt to maximise benefit and minimise cost). The predictions were stipulated prior to the analysis and were based on the arithmetic development literature. It was predicted that children would tend to retrieve the answers to small problems and tie-problems or calculate the answer by counting on from the larger addend by the amount indicated by the small addend (which involves reversing the order of the addends when the first addend is the smaller of the two). The strategy selections (n=229) made by a sample of 12 grade one learners on 21 single digit addition problems were categorised and compared to the predictions. The prediction analysis reduced the expected error by 63%, supporting the least effort model of strategy choice. The result is statistically significant (2=10.231, p<0.01). Second, a test of proportions was used to test the hypothesis that under memory demanding conditions children will resort to faster strategies, such as retrieval, in order to prevent memory decay, or execute their strategies in an overt manner, by using their fingers, in order to aid the memory limitations. The sample of selections used for the prediction analysis were compared to a sample collected under special conditions. These demanding conditions involved a simultaneous numerical memory task. The results suggest that retrieval is not used more frequently than normal. However, the strategies are more likely to be executed in an overt manner (2=5.123, p<O.01). The question of why and how the child develops an extensive addition strategy repertoire is considered. A particular discovery sequence, based on the data collected is proposed, while a constructivist model involving repetitive modifications is introduced as a possible account of strategy discovery. Siegler's theory, emphasising the variability ofcognitive action, is contrasted to the Piagetian tradition, particularly the memory limitation neo-Piagetian models of development, emphasising how the structural development determines strategy use. It is proposed that future models should incorporate both aspects of development.


Selective laser melting (SLM) enables the production of metal complex shapes that are difficult or impossible to obtain with conventional production processes. However, the attainable surface quality is insufficient for most applications; thus, a secondary finishing is frequently required. Barrel finishing is an interesting candidate but is often applied without consistent criteria aimed at finding processing parameters. This work presents a methodology based on Bagnold number evaluation and bed behavior diagram, developed on experimental apparatus with different charges and process parameters. The experimentation on an industrial machine and the profilometric analysis allowed the identification of appropriate process parameters and charge media for finishing the investigated materials (Ti6Al4V and Inconel718). Two case studies, characterized by complex shapes, were considered, and consistent surface measures allowed understanding the capability of the technology.


Abstract This paper presents an open-source novel intravenous cannulation task trainer developed during the Covid- 19 pandemic for unsupervised clinical skill practice. Multiple user errors were uncovered when observing 13 registered nurses using the task trainer during a two-hour unsupervised skill training session. These insights raise the question of how OSH needs to share more than just device descriptions and assembly instructions- as designs are being shared only in its current state of an ongoing project, sharing insights, user errors and test results should be encouraged and prioritized.


A flood of natural disasters often hit several cities in Indonesia, especially during the rainy season. This is because setting the drains are still not well organized but it is also due to the state of the ground surface is lower than in other regions. And the current state of the weather conditions that can change where rain and wind storms often comes quickly and simultaneously. As well as the rain that occurred upstream, which resulted in the flow of water large and fast flowing. While the control system of sluice gates at the river today still use the system as a conventional observation water level and operation of the sluice is still done by humans. So that it causes the operators controlling the floodgates are having trouble. While the control system of sluice gates at the river today still use the system as a conventional observation water level and operation of the sluice is still done by humans. So that it causes the operators controlling the floodgates are having trouble. Using PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) as the core control system, DC motor as sluice gates and water pumps as a conduit for moving water. Then Design Miniature Controller Level And Sluice Sei Bendung Palembang Using a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is designed in the form of props small scale that can simulate a control mechanism sluice gates and water pumps automatically and semi- automatically based on the height of the water level using a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) where there are three water levels are normal, alert, and there are two states of emergency and the floodgates are normal and emergency conditions. And programming control systems of control using a software program specifically CX-Programmer 9.0 use PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) brand OMRON.


The invention relates to a method for identifying physically different from each other transported goods, in particular for identifying automatically sortierbarem passenger baggage in plane, train or ship travel, on the basis of the associated cargo, electronically readable information. To transport goods, in particular pieces of luggage, and then be able to automatically identify, if not or only erroneously read out at these mounted information carrier is proposed that before or during abandonment of the cargo in a transport and / or sorting system by means of special sensors specific physical characteristics of the respective transported goods are identified and as an electronic feature data record (signature) together with one associated with the transported goods identification code are stored in a database, the stored feature data records are compared if necessary with a later-built feature data record of a transported to at least a sufficient match the later-built feature data record to identify one of the database stored in the feature data records based on the identification codes associated therewith the cargo.


ABSTRACT Heavy metal discharge has become one of the most serious environmental problems due to extensive industrialization. Sixty eight sediment samples from four wetlands were collected to analyze the regional factors affecting metal deposition. Meanwhile, a national sediment data collection based on relevant publications was developed covering the period from 2000 to 2016 to study the metal distribution in China. Principal metals assessed in this study are Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, and Ni. At regional scale, the accumulation of Pb and Cd is significantly higher in surface than in subsurface sediments. At the national scale, heavy metals tend to increase with the increase in precipitation from 600 to 1500 mm. Further, metal deposition in the main river basins in China shows an increase trend from northern to southern China, and follows the order of: Pearl River > Yangste River > Yellow River > Hai River and Liao River. Cluster analyses show that these river basins contribute a large proportion of heavy metals to coastal metal deposition, which follows the order of: South Sea > East Sea > Bohai Sea > Yellow Sea. In general, metal deposition in sediments of water systems increases from northern to southern China irrespective of in-land area or coastal seas.


Numerical simulation of 2-D unsteady viscous flow around oscillating NACA0012 airfoil is carried out with dual-time stepping method and mixing length turbulence model and the numerical results are in good agreement with the published data of AGARD.Then the effect of oscillating amplitude,mean incidence and reduced frequency on the hysteresis loop.However a non-dimensional analysis reveals that the hysteresis effect would be the same just provided the same multiplying numerical value of reduced frequency and amplitude.


Processing of foveal retinal input is important not only for high quality visual scene analysis, but also for ensuring precise, albeit tiny, gaze shifts during high acuity visual tasks. The representations of foveal retinal input in primate lateral geniculate nucleus and early visual cortices have been characterized. However, how such representations translate into precise eye movements remains unclear. Here we document functional and structural properties of the foveal visual representation of midbrain superior colliculus. We show that superior colliculus, classically associated with extra-foveal spatial representations needed for gaze shifts, is highly sensitive to visual input impinging on the fovea. Superior colliculus also represents such input in an orderly and very specific manner, and it magnifies representation of foveal images in neural tissue as much as primary visual cortex does. Primate superior colliculus contains a high-fidelity visual representation, with large foveal magnification, perfectly suited for active visuomotor control and perception.


The paper,with the purpose of further commercializing desulfurized plaster,selects Naphthalene agent( NF),Polycarboxylic Acid agent( HC) and Sodium Lignosulphonate agent( SM) to study the material modification of cast-in-place wall with semi-hydraulic desulphation gupsum. The results indicate that SM fails to play an important role in gupsum setting,while neither HC nor NF largely influences gupsum strength. It has also been noticed that NF is yet well suited to serve as a water reducer,as it undermines the fluidity of the plaster; at the same time HC,though visibly alters the setting time and improves the gupsum strength,exerts negative impact as its proportion adds up. Considering the agents' in fluence on initial and final setting time,water reducing ratio, spreading performance,bending resistance and compressive strength,HC with the suggested proportion of 0. 5% was chose as the preferable water reducer.


The problem of how to apply CAD is a wide topic concerned with manyaspects.As a general description of the CAD application techniques of themedium and small size motors,this article presents the conception and the basicelements of CAD,some envisagement,necessary measures,cultivating of profe-ssionals and how to develop CAD application techniques in the area of the motorindustry.


Six strategic options are available to refiners to satisfy future energy and environmental requirements in the light of surging oil prices and public concerns over global warming, including refinery upgrades and revamps and the production of green fuels.


This paper expounds the present situation of and concrete measures for promoting asparagus industrialization development in Yongji City relying on scientific and technological progress, points out some problems existing in asparagus industrialization development, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on sustainable development of asparagus industry in Yongji City.


The data of the analysis of the efficacy of the use of laparoscopic operations in comparison with open surgical interventions for ten years in 8462 children with the acute surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity on the basis of an emergency surgical hospital are presented. Laparoscopic operations were performed in 4984 (59%) patients, and open surgical operations were performed in 3478 (41%) patients. In the treatment of acute surgical pathology in children, laparoscopic operations have been established to provide: low traumatic operative access and manipulation; visual control of all stages of the operation; relief of pain syndrome and intestinal paresis; early recovery of impaired functions and the patient activity; decline in the number of postoperative complications, the prevalence of adhesions; significant reduction in the length of stay in the hospital; excellent cosmetic result. The authors showed the execution of laparoscopic surgical interventions to be economically more profitable if compared with open operations in children.


Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was used to compute effective nozzle discharge coefficients for subscale sharp-edged converging/diverging nozzles, with a variety of convergence half-angles, motor operating conditions, and two propellants with different ballistics. Convergence half-angles ranged from 10° to 90°. Analysis was conducted at total temperatures from 2,946 K (5303°R) to 3,346 K (6023°R) and total pressures ranging from 2.72 MPa (395 psia) to 20.68 MPa (3,000 psia). Area ratios (A e /A*) ranged from 7.43 to 9.39. Ratio of specific heats ( n ) ranged from 1.13 to 1.18. The maximum throat and exit Reynolds' numbers based on axial diameter ranged from 6.73 2 105 to 3.61 2 106 and 3.26 2 105 to 1.99 2 106, respectively. Present results of nozzle discharge coefficients are reported and correlated as a function of nozzle convergence half-angle ( / c ), area ratios (A e /A*), and pressure ratio (P o /P X ) for a constant divergence half-angle ( / d ) of 15°. Computed discharge coefficients ranged from 0.88 to 0.97. They are compared with theory and experimental data available in the literature. Available turbulence models with respect to grid refinements and heat transfer are discussed. Heat transfer is calculated from a modified Reynolds' analogy for laminar flow over a flat plate, the Dittus - Boelter correlation for fully developed turbulent pipe flow, and the Bartz correlation for nozzle flows, and the results are compared with available experimental data.


A strategy for the formation of magnetic NixFe3−xO4 hollow nanospheres with very high specific surface areas was designed through a facile solvothermal method in mixed solvents of ethylene glycol and water in this work. The Ni/Fe ratios and the crystal phases of the NixFe3−xO4 hollow nanocrystals can be readily tuned by changing the molar ratios of Ni to Fe in the precursors. An inside-out Ostwald ripening mechanism was proposed for the formation of uniform NixFe3−xO4 hollow nanospheres. Moreover, the obtained NixFe3−xO4 hollow nanospheres exhibited excellent adsorption capacity towards organic molecules such as Congo red in water. The maximum adsorption capacities of NixFe3−xO4 hollow nanospheres for Congo red increase dramatically from 263 to 500 mg g−1 with the increase of the Ni contents (x) in NixFe3−xO4 hollow nanospheres from 0.2 to 0.85. The synthesized NixFe3−xO4 nanoparticles can be potentially applied for waste water treatment.


This report presents the analysis of a novel capacitance-based multilevel bias flip rectifier used to increase the output power from a piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting system. The ideal vo ...


The recently proven multichannel spectral theorem for time delay is explored with the goal of providing a useful expression for ''lifetimes'' of bimolecular collisions. The theorem is reduced to an approximate relationship between the classical time delay and the classical excess density of states. Numerical studies on collinear atom–diatom systems confirm the accuracy of the classical relationship and a simple geometric interpretation of the excess density of states for these systems is provided. Results on the sensitivity of collisional time delays to variations in potential surface well depths and system masses are presented. the time delays being simply obtained from the excess density of states.


In this study, we assess whether the liquidity of a closed-end mutual fund's investments (measured based on the fund's fair value disclosures) is related to the management fee charged by the fund's investment advisor. We posit that there will be incremental effort on the part of the advisor to identify and analyze less liquid investments, and that fund investors would be willing to pay for these incremental costs to access less-liquid segments of the market. Consistent with this expectation, we find a significantly positive relationship between the percentage of level 3 assets (the least liquid securities) and management fees. However, we do not find a significant relationship between level 2 securities (which are more liquid than level 3, but less liquid than level 1) and management fees. Overall, our results suggest that investments in the least liquid securities result in higher management fees.


A set of nearly monodisperse Au−Ag alloy clusters (size range 1.6−2.2 nm) with various Ag content (5−30%) was prepared by the co-reduction method in the presence of poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP). The catalytic activities of the Au−Ag:PVP clusters were investigated for aerobic oxidation of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol as a model reaction to understand the effect of Ag on the catalytic activity of Au clusters. It was found that the rate constants per unit surface area for Au−Ag:PVP clusters with small Ag content (<10%) were larger than those of monometallic Au:PVP clusters of comparable size. The enhancement of the catalytic activity by Ag doping is discussed in light of the electronic structure of the Au−Ag cores probed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The present results indicate that the partial anionic character of the Au core is important for the aerobic oxidation reactions of Au:PVP clusters.


Nucleosome positioning refers to sequence‐specific locations for histones interacting with the nucleic acid. Examples of occurrence of this phenomenon, its possible mechanisms and its significance are presented.


Objective: To investigate the mechanism of gastrointestinal motility disorders in severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) and the related e ects of Qingyi decoction administration.Methods: Forty-eight SD rats were randomized into sham operation group,SAP model group(model group) and SAP model with Qingyi decoction treatment group(Qingyi decoction treatment group).e SAP model was created by multi-point uniform injection of 5% sodium taurocholate beneath the pancreatic capsule,and rats in Qingyi decoction treatment group were given Qingyi decoction by gavage,while rats in sham operation group and model group were treated with normal saline of the same volume instead.Twenty-four hours a er operation,the interdigestive myoelectric complex(IMC) of the gastric antrum of rats was recorded by using bipolar silver electrodes,the serum concentration of motilin(MTL) and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) were measureed by ELISA assay,and the pathological observation and scoring of the pancreatic tissues were performed.Results: Compared with sham operation group,both model group and Qingyi decoction treatment group presented with decreased MTL level and increased VIP level(all P0.05),but the degrees of MTL reduction and VIP elevation in Qingyi decoction treatment group were lower than those in model group,and the pathological score of Qingyi decoction treatment group was also lower than that of model group(all P0.05).e time periods of IMC cycle and phase I and II were prolonged but those of IMC phase III were shortened,and the amplitude and frequency of phase III peak potential in both model group and Qingyi decotion treatment group decreased in comparison with sham operation group(all P0.05),but all these IMC indices in Qingyi decoction treatment group altered less than those in model group(all P0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the IMC phase III time in SAP rat was positively correlated with MTL concentration(r=0.967,P0.05),while negatively correlated with VIP concentration and pathological scores of the pancreatic tissue(r=–0.592,P0.05;r=–0.736,P0.05).Conclusion: Gastrointestinal motility disorders in SAP is associated with abnormal function of the gastrointestinal hormones,and the improving effect on gastrointestinal motility of Qingyi decoction is probably a ributable to its regulation of the levels of gastrointestinal hormones.


According to the Hawai'i State Constitution, Hawai'i has two official languages: English and Hawaiian. Reflecting a desire to reaffirm its political history and cultural identity, Hawaiian state law mandates the usage of both languages in any form of commerce. However, when the medium used to communicate the right to buy and to sell is in the form of a handwritten check that may or not be accepted as a valid form of payment, that check becomes a legal semiotic rich in symbolic meaning. Questions of equity and social justice for speakers of Hawaiian arise within an interpretative framework of the constitutive relationship between law and society in a place uniquely defined within such parameters.


Abstract : The suitability of dielectric waveguide as a transmission medium in data bus applications has been presented in this report. The feasibility of the concepts has been demonstrated through a Model 400 Dielectric Waveguide Data Bus System. The system operates at millimeter-wave frequencies (22 to 30 GHz) and has two frequency division multiplexed (FDM) data channels, each of which can carry data at rates of up to about 10 Mb/s. The system demonstrates multi- channel bi-directional data transfer capabilities over a 100 ft dielectric cable. In this report the design features and test results of a tunable bandpass ring coupler are also presented. These couplers are used in the Model 400 System for coupling signals to and from the data bus. In addition to hardware demonstration of dielectric waveguide systems, their concepts have been used to obtain a data bus configuration for a specific aircraft. For this purpose, flight control signals of the YF-16 aircraft were chosen as an illustration. The data bus configuration for this aircraft has been presented in a block diagram form. It shows that the dielectric waveguide system can fully accommodate all the signal flow requirements.


Objective:To explore the possible toxicological mechanisms of microcystin-LR(MC-LR) in mice.Methods:Organ index and blood biochemical parameters were examined in mice intraperioneally administered with microcystin-LR at the dose of 30 μg/kg bw at 1,4 and 8 h postadministration.Results:A significant increase in liver index of mice treated with MC-LR at 4 h postadministration was observed;but no obvious change in kidney index was observed at this time point.A significant increase in blood catalase(CAT) content and activity was determined.An initial increase and final decrease in blood urea nitrogen(BUN) was also monitored;however,superoxide dismutase(SOD) only exhibited little change.Conclusions:MC-LR attracts hepatocytes first,produces a large amount of free radicals,destroys cell membranes and heptocytes,interrupts metabolism of amino acids,and results in hyperemia and swelling of liver.Followed by liver damage,kidney insufficiency is also initiated;permeability of kidney tubules is increased as a result of MC-LR treatment.As the time goes on,MC-LR causes a permanent damage to organism.This damage,however,is not seen apparently due to repair function in the organism,that is,the MC-LRcaused damage to organism is reversible to a certain extent.


Founded in 1907 in England, Scouting brought together boys and young men seeking to "build character" (Rosenthal, 1986). In the following years, girls informally began to organize their groups. Facing the growing participation of girls, Guiding was created in 1910 and experienced a great acceptance in several countries. Social roles of men, women and education became issues within the movement. Therefore, these debates addressed moment topics to those engaged in the history of body, gender and education. We have been carrying out researches guided by Chartier (2002), analyzing the representations on body and education that emerged during the dissemination of Scouting/Guiding and which crossed national boundaries. The following hypothesis has been investigated: body activities were assumed by girls and forced Scouting to allow their presence in the movement, showing that the split between gender roles was somehow put under siege through the girl´s body in the early 20 th century. However, these same activities also had their relevance for the movement leaders throughout the world in their attempt to underline these same divisions. We intend to show that Scouting and Guiding are educational movements plenty of possibilities do enhance our understanding on institutions, ideas and practices regarding gender education (PROCTOR, 2009) in the first decades of the 20 th century. In this paper, we do it in four different parts. First, problems arisen by the participation of girls in Scouting activities are studied. Second, it is observed in books written by two major figures in the movement at that moment how they conceived this participation: we focus on Robert Baden-Powell (1857-1941) - founder of the movement - and Juliette Gordon Low (1860-1927) - responsible for disclosing Scouting in the United States of America and advocate of women inside the movement. In the third part, there is a discussion about the presence of Brazilian girls in Scouting, based on articles published in educational and Scout magazines circulating in the early decades of the last century. Finally, we emphasize that Scouting/Guiding created spaces of struggle between maintaining and changing social positions assigned to girls and boys in the years that followed their creation and their worldwide expansion. These dissensions are valuable points for more systematic investigations by historians interested in issues related to education and gender in the beginning of 20 th century. References CHARTIER, R. A Historia Cultural: entre praticas e representacoes.Rio de Janeiro: Bertrand Brasil, 2002. PROCTOR, T. Scouting for girls : a century of girl guides and girl scouts. Santa Barbara, California: ABC Clio, 2009. ROSENTHAL, M. The character factory : Baden-Powell and the origins of the boy scout movement. London: Collins, 1986.


This study determines the optimum time of transfer for bovine blastocysts derived from in vitro matured follicular oocytes fertilized in vitro. A slightly modified method of bovine in vitro fertilization previously described was used. Frozen-thawed spermatozoa were washed 3 times with modified Brackett and Oliphant medium after thawing, then pre-incubated for 2 to 3 hr before incubation with matured oocytes. Seventy-eight to 83 hr after fertilization, the cumulus cells removed from the oocytes were cultured at the bottom of the culture dish along with those already released. The oocytes were cultured in dishes with cumulus cells (CCL) or with combinations of cumulus cells and monolayer of uterine endometrial cells (CUL) to examine further development. The embryos that developed into blastocysts were transferred to recipients on days 7 to 9 post-fertilization (day of insemination=day 0). One to 3 blastocysts were non-surgically transferred to recipients on days 5.5 to 8.5 of the estrous cycle (estrus=day 0). Ultrasonography was used to diagnose pregnancy around 50 days post-transfer. Developmental rate of embryos to the blastocyst stage was higher (P<0.01) in CUL than in CCL culture system (39.4% vs 25.9%). The relative synchrony between day of the estrous cycle of recipients and the age of embryos effected on pregnancy rates. Pregnancy rates were higher (P<0.01) in 2 days than in 3 days asynchronous transfer between estrous cycle stages of recipient and embryo ages. To date 29 single births, 10 sets of twins and 2 sets of triplets have resulted from these experiments.


Ysleta del Sur, 15 miles south of 1Z1 Paso, Texas, was established in 1682 for refugee Tigua Indians who abandoned the old Isleta pueblo, near Albuquerque, New Mexico, during the Pueblo Revolt of 1...


This paper aims to trigger some thoughts for the liaison interpreting training in Chinese universities by introducing and examining the effects of the integrated liaison interpreting training platform endorsed by the University of Bath.


OBJECTIVE
To explore the influence of 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) on proliferation of human bone marrow haematopoietic stem cells (hBM-HSCs) and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs).

METHODS
The bone marrow samples were collected from a healthy donor. Methylcellulose semi-solid culture medium was used to culture the mononuclear cells of bone marrow in different culture systems. Colony-forming unit (CFU) assay was utilized to evaluate the proliferation of hBM-HSCs exposed to 1,4-BQ at the doses of 10, 25, 50 and 100 µmol/L and to observe the influence of 1,4-BQ on the Colony-forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E)/Burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-E), Colony-forming unit-granulocyte, macrophage (CFU-GM), Colony-forming unit-granulocyte, erythroid, macrophage, megakaryocyte (CFU-GEMM) in hBM-MSCs. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation of hBM-MSCs exposed to 1,4-BQ at the doses of 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 µmol/L for 24 h, respectively, after hBM-MSCs were isolated, cultured and expanded.

RESULTS
The results of CFU assay indicated that numbers of CFU-E/BFU-E, CFU-GM and CFU-GEMM in 25, 50 and 100 µmol/L groups significantly decreased, as compared with control group (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the 10 µmol/L group and the control group. The results of MTT assay showed that the cellular viability of hBM-MSCs exposed to 1,4-BQ at the doses of 50 ∼ 200 µmol/L for 24 h significantly decreased in a dose-depended manner. When the exposure dose was higher than 200 µmol/L, the cellular viability of hBM-MSCs was lower than 5% which was significantly lower than that of control group (P < 0.05). When the exposure dose was lower than 25 µmol/L, there was no significant difference of cellular viability between exposure group and control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION
The results of the present study demonstrated that 1,4-BQ could inhibit the colony forming of hBM-HSCs and the relative viability of hBM-MSCs in vitro. The hematotoxicity induced by 1,4-BQ may be related to inhibiting the proliferation capacity of hBM-HSCs.


In space-division-multiplexed elastic optical networks (SDM-EONs), the routing, modulation, core, and spectrum assignment (RMCSA) problem is a critical lightpath resource assignment problem. Intercore-crosstalk (XT) between cores lowers the quality of parallel transmissions, and the RMCSA algorithm must ensure that XT restrictions are satisfied while optimizing network performance. There is a tradeoff between spectrum efficiency and XT tolerance - higher modulation formats are more efficient in terms of spectrum but are also less forgiving in terms of XT and allow fewer connections on adjacent cores on the overlapping spectrum. XT-aware RMCSA algorithms typically impose an upper limit or threshold on the number of lighted cores on the overlapped spectrum in order to ensure compliance with XT limits. In this paper, we offer a machine learning (ML)-assisted threshold optimization strategy that significantly enhances the performance of XT-aware RMCSA algorithms in terms of bandwidth blocking probability.


Bacterial Contaminants

Baseline Studies

Bacterial Contamination in Domestic Kitchens

Pathogen Searches

Cross-Contamination Studies

Illness Studies

Disinfectant Benefit Studies

Fungal Contamination

Viral Contamination

Hygiene Practices in the Home

Keywords:

bioaerosols in residential environments;
domestic microbiology;
residential environments, bioaerosols in


ABSTRACT In this paper, we propose user contents using behavior and loca tion information on contents on various channels, such as web, IPTV, for contents distributi on. With methods to build user and contents profiles, contents using behavior as an implicit user feedback was applied into machine learning procedure for updating user profiles and contents preference. In machine learning procedure, contents-based and collaborative filtering methods were used to analyze user's contents preference. This study proposes contents locati on information on web sites for final recommendation contents as well. Finally, we refer to a g eneralized recommender system for personalization. With those methods, more effective and acc urate recommendation service can be possible. 키워드 : 개인화 , 추천 , 협업여과추천 , 내용기반추천 IPTV, personalization, recommendation, collaborative filtering, contents-based recommendation ********** 전북대학교 문헌정보학과 조교수(firstname.lastname@example.com) ( 제1저자)전라북도 교육청 기록관리사(email@example.com) ( 공동저자)전북대학교 문헌정보학과 석사과정(email@example.com) ( 공동저자)(주) 유라클 대표이사(firstname.lastname@example.com) ( 공동저자)


The physicochemical properties of water, sediment and nutrients mainly relate directly between forest management and water quality. We analyzed the physicochemical conditions of water in the Eucalyptus reforested area, based on 3 hydrological indicators and patterns of CONAMA Resolution. 357. Samples were collected from the catchment during the period of December 2007 to September 2008 in a catchment of 23 hectares located in the middle Paraiba Valley and the physical and chemical variables were determined using standard methods of the American Public Health Association. The results were compared to the extreme limits of stability as a means of evaluating the quality of water in the area of management and determined the average, maximum and minimum for the CONAMA. Only suspended solids higher value than both the extreme limits of stability as the standards of CONAMA. Therefore, the hypothesis stating that in areas with steep slopes to forest silvicultural practices should provide more specific, in order to allow the maintenance of hydrological processes and the production potential of the soil.


Quantitative characterization and uncertainty evaluation of areal step height are of increasing importance for semiconductor manufacturing. However, step characterizations often confront problems of repeatability and reproducibility due to fitting of upper and lower planes. To solve this problem, we propose a cluster-based method for step height characterization and uncertainty evaluation. By data reconstruction and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-means clustering, our method converts characterizing steps into approximating Euclidean distances, without necessity to fit planes. Moreover, it can evaluate uncertainties simultaneously with parameterization. The proposed method is first validated with synthetic data. Then, two experiments, respectively, on nominal 5 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and 90 nm standard artifacts are carried out. The characterization results highly conform to the calibrated values, with 0.0986% and 1.22% differences, respectively. Comparing to the latest ISO method, the cluster-based method presents better performance on repeatability and reproducibility. The experimental results demonstrate that the method works well for measurement either with or without outliers.


The introduction of a uniform background magnetic field breaks threedimensional spatial symmetry for a charged particle and introduces Landau mode effects. Standard quark operators are inefficient at isolating the nucleon correlation function at nontrivial field strengths. We introduce novel quark operators constructed from the twodimensional Laplacian eigenmodes that describe a charged particle on a finite lattice. These eigenmode-projected quark operators provide enhanced precision for calculating nucleon energy shifts in a magnetic field. Preliminary results are obtained for the neutron and proton magnetic polarisabilities using these methods.


The Tamusu uranium deposit in the southern part of the Bayin Gobi Basin is a typical hard-sandstone uranium deposit, but with very different diagenetic characteristics from other sandstone-type uranium deposits in northern China. The characteristics of uraniferous sandstone (K1b2-2) and its relationship to uranium mineralization in the Tamusu deposit have been studied In recent years by petrology, petrography, geochemical, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and so on. The detritus is composed of quartz (average content 2.38%) and feldspars (average content 50.33%). The cements comprise gypsum (average content 12.57%), ankerite (average content 3.20%), ferruginous dolomite (average content 9.33%), dolomite (average content 9.76%) and a small amount of complex matrix material (average content 2.62%), causing both basal cementation and porous cementation. The diagenetic process is characterized by early stage B diagenesis and later stage A diagenesis, with alkaline water (pH 7.52). Early stage B diagenesis is characterized by chemical cementation, water-rock interaction, dissolution and metasomatism. The formation sequence of the cements is ankerite-ferruginous dolomite-dolomite-gypsum; the carbonate cements, from center to edge, are automorphic ankerite, automorphic-hypidiomorphic ferruginous dolomite, and hypidiomorphic-xenomorphic dolomite. Gypsum forms last, with metasomatism of quartz, feldspar and dolomite. In this process, plagioclase is altered to albite due to the presence of Na+ in the highly saline water replacing Ca2+, with dissolution microcavities formed on the surface of the plagioclase and microcracks along cleavage planes. During early stage B diagenesis, no auto-cementation takes place, and clay minerals are affected by alkaline groundwater. During late stage A diagenesis, acidic surface water containing S O 4 2 - dissolves the carbonate cement, forming cavities. The uraniferous sandstone does not favor interlayer oxidation due to its low porosity and permeability. It is inferred that the genesis of uranium mineralization in the Tamusu deposit occurs by sedimentary diagenesis and interlayer oxidation.


Transportation of fly ash is a major problem in its efficient disposal. The main problem associated with fly ash transportation is that the particles settle down sooner than desired. The primary objective of this investigation is that not only the fly ash particles should remain floated till it reaches the end but also settle down after that. As a part of the research program, the slurry concentration was kept at 30% (by weight). Rheological tests were conducted using Advanced Computerized Rheometer. Fly ash slurry was prepared using ordinary tap water. Zeta potential was measured to test the stability of the colloidal fly ash particles using Malvern Zeta Sizer instrument. Surface tension was also measured to know the drag reduction behavior of the fly ash slurry by using Surface Tensiometer. The rheological behavior of the fly ash slurry was determined at varying temperature environment with and without an additive. Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) concentration of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.5% (by weight) was used as an additive with equal amount of a counter-ion (Sodium Salicylate). The test results and flow diagrams are generated using Rheoplus software and are presented in this paper. Suitable discussions and conclusions are made based on the research findings.


Let $\pi$ be a set of primes, and let $G$ be a finite $\pi$-separable group. We consider the Isaacs ${\rm B}_\pi$-characters. We show that if $N$ is a normal subgroup of $G$, then ${\rm B}_\pi (G/N) = {\rm Irr} (G/N) \cap {\rm B}_\pi (G)$.