In the eastern Midland Valley of Scotland non-skeletal carbonate buildup complexes are present in the Charlestown Main Limestone (Brigantian), a thin marine carbonate unit within a lower Carboniferous basin fill otherwise dominated by fluvio-deltaic sediments and volcanics. The buildups are restricted geographically to West Lothian and Central Fife and correspond to an area of reduced subsidence, the Burntisland High. Buildup geometry and local facies mosaics reflect the relative water depth and position on the Burntisland High that, because of its slight topographical relief and more distal position with respect to the location of fluvio-deltaic systems, became an area of increased carbonate productivity and hence a locus for buildup development. Away from the Burntisland High, in the Fife-Midlothian Low, more monotonous argillaceous limestone facies, of low energy and somewhat deeper water aspect, accumulated.

Buildup facies contain a diverse marine fauna and are characterized by peloidal, clotted and homogeneous micrites interpreted as predominantly microbial in origin. Two types of buildup complex occur. At Charlestown, vertically stacked, tabular banks (up to 2 m thick and 100 m wide) form the western margin of an asymmetric buildup accumulation. East of this margin a complex mosaic of isolated low relief buildups and inter-buildup sediments was deposited. Skeletal sand shoals present within these inter-buildup sediments indicate that high energy conditions prevailed during buildup growth. In contrast, at Roscobie, inter-buildup sediments are of low energy aspect and buildup geometry is domical rather than tabular. Initiated in slightly deeper and calmer water on the flank of the Burntisland High, the Roscobie buildups (up to 15 m thick and 46 m wide) accreted vertically, rather than laterally as at Charlestown, and coalesced to form an elongate ridge-shaped buildup complex.


In response to the Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive (ATAD), Greece has recently amended its legislation with L. 4607/2019 regarding interest deduction limitation rules, controlled foreign company (CFC) rules, and the General Anti-Abuse Rule (GAAR). In this article, the impact of the transposition of the ATAD in the aforementioned three rules will be analysed. In addition, a comparative survey between them and the respective provisions of the ATAD will occur in which it will be examined to what extent the aforesaid anti-tax avoidance rules have been changed by the transposition of the ATAD. Lastly, a critical analysis of each of them will take place concerning the issues that may arise and on their compatibility with ECJ case law.
Transposition, Anti Tax-Avoidance Directive (ATAD), Interest Deduction Limitation Rules, General Anti-Abuse Rule (GAAR), Controlled Foreign Company Rules (CFC rules), EBITDA, Main Purpose Test, non-Genuine Arrangement, ECJ case law, Greece


Six specimens, having roughly similar microstructures, were machined from different angular positions within a forged disk of Ti 6‐4 alloy. The "upper" surfaces of the six specimens each had a different cylindrical curvature (3 concave, 2 convex, 1 flat). The opposite "lower" surfaces were flat. Using a focused ultrasonic transducer, backscattered grain noise measurements were first made through the (flat) "lower" surfaces to quantify the effects of the minor microstructural differences between specimens. Grain noise was then measured through the "upper" surfaces to assess the effect of surface curvature. Measured root‐mean‐squared (rms) and gated‐peak noise levels, corrected for microstructural differences, were compared to the predictions of a single‐scatterer noise model. Model predictions of grain noise levels were generally found to be in good agreement with experiment.


To assess the results of chronic pudendal nerve neuromodulation with a novel technique in a pilot study on women with idiopathic refractory detrusor overactivity incontinence.


The invention relates to a preparation method of compound amino acid (15) dipeptide (2) injecta, specifically comprising the following steps of: under the whole-course protection of nitrogen, taking water for injection with a certain quantity, sequentially adding glycyl-L-glutamine, glycyl-L-tyrosine and arginine with prescription quantity, stirring and dissolving, clearly dissolving, adding aspartate, glutamic acid, leucine, isoleucine and phenylalanine with prescription quantity which is not less than 60 screen meshes, dissolving and clearly dissolving, adding alanine, histidine, L-lysine monoacetate, methionine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan and valine with prescription quantity, stirring and clearly dissolving, adjusting the pH at 5.4-5.8 by citric acid, adding full dose of 0.10% (w/v) of activated carbon, stirring for 30min under the temperature of 60DEG C, fixing the volume to total volume by the water for injection after filtering in a decarbonizing way, sieving by a filter membrane with 0.22 micrometers, filling, charging nitrogen, adding a plug, pricking an aluminum cap, and sterilizing for 8-12min in a hot-press way under the temperature of 121DEG C (F0 value is larger than 8), wherein the quality of the injecta can achieve the quality standard of an imported drug of the finished product of the German Fresenius Corporation.


Purpose
The purpose of this study, a case study, is to present the uniqueness of the only UNESCO-awarded tea consumption tradition worldwide and its implications on the tourism industry by analyzing and weighting initializing effects of tea on the regional economy, as well tea tourism-related cultural and social rootings.

Design/methodology/approach
Between 20 July 2020 and 20 August 2020, qualitative interviews have been conducted with regional experts, as well as relevant statistics have been evaluated, cultural and social effects have been analysed and weighted, following two main research questions: can "Tea", along with its history and tradition, be used effectively for initializing tourism and destination brand management? What kind of instruments are useful for reinforcing authentic tea-oriented destination marketing? In addition, the European Tea Speciality Association (ESTA) supported this research project also with another qualitative interview. Furthermore, two workshops of the Working Group on International Tea Tourism have been used to discuss and reflect the impacts of tea museums and tea consuming traditions as well as the European Tea Research Circle (ETRC).

Findings
Tea and its culture is a strong motive for initializing tourism, as it is linked to cosy ceremonies and social gathering. The brand awareness of the destination "East Frisia" as the "tea destination" of Germany is powerful, and the "East Frisian Tea Ceremony" became a regional social anchor and element of loyalty for tourists and citizens. It is useful and profitable to develop more tea-related authentic evens and products to use this UNESCO award and the positive image of tea ceremonies to strengthen the regional economy.

Research limitations/implications
As the UNESCO award was awarded in 2016, any impacts could only be evaluated for a short period of time.

Practical implications
The specific tea culture in East Frisia has the potential for establishing this region as the most unique region for Tea Tourism in Central Europe. This should be evaluated and developed within additional measurements and programmes. The aim should be a plan for additional mapping and tea-related events and attractions to use this unique heritage for developing sustainable tourism and strengthening the regional hospitality infrastructure.

Social implications
The East Frisian tea culture is empowering people and functions as a harmonic link among the inhabitants of a structurally underdeveloped region. Thus, this habit is a key factor for the stability and pride of the inhabitants, involving citizens and keeping traditions alive.

Originality/value
The combination of a cultural heritage award and a habit for celebrating the consumption of a hot beverage is unique worldwide. Therefore, this analysis is a valuable support for the transfer of applicable knowledge from academia to the industry as well as the first research project about the link between tea consuming heritage and tourism in Europe.


Cyclic peptides naturally occur as antibiotics, fungicides, and immunosuppressants, and have been adapted for use as potential therapeutics. Scaffolded cyclic peptide antigens have many protein characteristics such as reduced toxicity, increased stability over linear peptides, and conformational selectivity, but with fewer amino acids than whole proteins. The profile of shapes presented by a cyclic peptide modulates its therapeutic efficacy, and is represented by the ensemble of its sampled conformations. Although some algorithms excel in creating a diverse ensemble of cyclic peptide conformations, they seldom address the entropic contribution of flexible conformations, and they often have significant practical difficulty producing an ensemble with converged and reliable thermodynamic properties. In this study, an accelerated molecular dynamics (MD) method, reservoir replica exchange MD (R-REMD or Res-REMD), was implemented in GROMACS-4.6.7, and benchmarked on three small cyclic peptide model systems: a cyclized segment of Aβ (cyclo-(CGHHQKLVG)), a cyclized furin cleavage site of SARS-CoV-2 spike (cyclo-(CGPRRARSG)), and oxytocin (disulfide bonded CY-IQNCPLG). Additionally, we also benchmarked Res-REMD on Alanine dipeptide and Trpzip2 to demonstrate its validity and efficiency over REMD. Compared to REMD, Res-REMD significantly accelerated the ensemble generation of cyclo-(CGHHQKLVG), but not cyclo-(CGPRRARSG) or oxytocin. This difference is due to the longer auto-correlation time of torsional angles in cyclo-(CGHHQKLVG) v s. the latter two cyclic peptide systems; The randomly seeded reservoir in Res-REMD thus accelerates sampling and convergence. The auto-correlation time of the torsional angles can thus be used to determine whether Res-REMD is preferable to REMD for cyclic peptides. We provide a github page with modified GROMACS source code for running Res-REMD at https://github.com/PlotkinLab/Reservoir-REMD.


Theoretical Framework: The infection by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV ) and/or Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) consists of a chronic degenerative disease of high morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To identify the clinical stage of the HPV and/or NIC infections at diagnosis; verify the therapeutic and preventive measures conducted, including on the partner(s); and correlate changes in women's sexual behaviour after diagnosis. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive research using interviews with 100 women with HPV and/or NIC, treated at the Cancer Prevention Institute of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, between February and May, 2013. Results: At diagnosis, 59.0% of women were in the clinical stage of HPV, of which 58.0% were treated with trichloroacetic acid, 25.0% underwent conisation and 12.0% electrocautery. After diagnosis, 20 (55.5%) women reported decreased libido; 15 (41.7%) mentioned lack of libido; 27 (60.0%) decreased frequency of sexual intercourse; 17 (37.8%) opted for sexual abstinence; 15 (46.9%) reported anorgasmia, and 14 (43.7%) experienced orgasmic dysfunction. Conclusion: The care provided to these women should encompass listening and counselling specifically addressed to sexuality.


The relevance of the study is due to significant differences in performance assessments based on non-parametric (DEA) and parametric (SFA) approaches. This problem leads to the inadequacy of the interpretation of the efficiency estimates and the incorrectness of the generated management decisions. The article calculates the DEA and SFA indicators of the efficiency for enterprises in six significant sectors of the Russian economy. A comparative analysis of the DEA and SFA estimates of efficiency in the context of industries and size of enterprises is carried out. We show the possibility of their joint use for making management decisions.


Since very high purity is sometimes required for health-related (and other) products, it is useful to reexamine the common thermodynamic relations that describe the chemical potential of a solute at very high dilution. Because Stirling's approximation is not valid for small numbers, the usual thermodynamic relations must be reformulated for small systems, i.e., for a solute in a small bubble or drop. A simplistic analysis indicates that in a small bubble or drop, the chemical potential of a solute goes to a finite value as the mole fraction of solute goes to zero, in contrast to the conventional result, where that chemical potential goes to negative infinity. This simplistic analysis has profound implications for separation science; it implies that (in theory) ultrapurity may be attained by conventional diffusional methods. While serious objections can be raised to invalidate the simplistic analysis, it may nevertheless be useful for chemical engineers to consider separation methods using highly dispersed systems.


Recognition of three dimensional (3D) objects is a challenging problem, especially in cluttered or occluded scenes. Many existing methods focus on a specific type of object or scene, or require prior segmentation. We describe a robust and efficient general purpose 3D object recognition method that combines machine learning procedures with 3D local features, without a requirement for a priori object segmentation. Experiments validate our method on various object types from engineering and street data scans.


AS a synonym to hai in Mandarin Chinese, zhong in Cantonese which pronounces [ 諬尬耷] 31 is considered by a mainstream point of view to be written as " 重 " in character. However, the process of textual research of this viewpoint reveals misinterpretation of ancient texts and ignorance of its derivation, which makes the conclusion unconvincing. To do textual researches to Chinese dialectical characters, it is necessary to put the concept of "word" between pronunciations and written forms. The particular word above-mentioned mainly derived from the underlying languages(Tai-kadai languages), having certain relevance with but not totally being included in the meaning of "尚" in classical Chinese.


Angular deflection and the formation of a line caustic are examined for acoustic rays passing through a cylindrical vortex with a viscous core. Ray paths are displayed in normalized form and appear to be applicable to the aircraft‐wake problem as well as to long‐distance sound propagation through synoptic weather features.


In this paper, we examine how the configuration of intraorganizational networks, and in particular, cohesion among members of an organization, influences organizations' innovative output. We argue that the cohesion among R&D scientists could be at a local level or a global level, and that local and global cohesion may have different impacts on firms' innovation performance. We test our hypotheses by examining the structure of the R&D collaboration networks within firms that operated in the pharmaceutical industry between 1981 and 1989, and their innovative outcomes—patents that led to new product launches. We find that local cohesion has a positive impact on the innovative performance of a firm, and global cohesion has a negative impact. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Present investigation was conducted to study the influence of blood metabolites and metabolic hormones on postpartum ovarian cyclic activity in Sahiwal cows. Selected experimental animals (n=18) had normal calving and subsequent normal genital health without apparent history of postpartum metritis and endometritis as assessed by gynaeco-clinical examination. Blood samples were collected from each experimental animal on days 50 and 60 postpartum; and blood glucose and serum concentrations of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), insulin, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4) and progesterone (P4) were determined. Animals were classified as cyclic (P4 >1 ng/ml) and acyclic (P4 < 1 ng/ml) based on serum progesterone concentration on day 50 and /or day 60 postpartum. An increasing trend of serum progesterone concentration was observed in both cyclic and acyclic animals with increasing postpartum interval though extent of which was greater in cyclic animals. Non-significant differences were observed in blood glucose concentration, serum T3 and T4 concentrations between cyclic and acyclic animals on days 50 and 60 postpartum. Acyclic animals recorded significantly higher (P<0.01) serum NEFA concentration and significantly lower (P <0.05) serum insulin concentration on days 50 and 60 postpartum than in cyclic animals. From the present study it may be concluded that an increased concentration of serum NEFA and a decreased level of serum insulin probably resulted in delay in onset of postpartum ovarian activity in Sahiwal cows.


In order to obtain the basic data needed to predict harbor maneuvering motions, captive model tests were carried out earlier for a tanker-type ship over a wide range of drift angle and turning rate. This article deals with circular motion tests, tests using a propeller-rudder system without the ship body, and propeller open tests. Results clarify the characteristics of hydrodynamic forces acting on the ship hull, the interaction between propeller and rudder, and the open water characteristics of the propeller with a large drift angle. They demonstrate that the flow-straightening effect of hull and propeller and the increase in rudder inflow velocity due to the propeller working do not change remarkably with changes in the magnitude of maneuvering motions.


Biosorption of lead (II) onto the biosorbent, represented by untreated S. cerevisiae and NaOH-treated S. cerevisiae was examined and the effects of contact time were investigated. The lead (II) biosorption was fast and equilibrium was attained within 90 mins. The maximum removal ratios of lead (II) for untreated S. cerevisiae and NaOH-treated S. cerevisiae after 3 h were 48.6% and 92.5%, respectively, with initial lead (II) concentration of 40 mg/L and optimum pH of 5.0. Data obtained from batch studies fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. Maximum adsorption capacity of lead (II) onto NaOH-treated S. cerevisiae was


Purpose:There is growing evidence that iron is important in esophageal adenocarcinoma, a cancer whose incidence is rising faster than any other in theWesternworld. However, how ironmediates carcinogenesis at the molecular level remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression of iron transport proteins involved in cellular iron import, export, and storage in the premalignant lesion Barrett's metaplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Experimental Design: Perls' staining was used to examine iron deposition in tissue. mRNA expression in samples of Barrett's metaplasia matched with esophageal adenocarcinoma and samples of Barrett's metaplasiawithout evidence of adenocarcinomawere examined by real-time PCR. Semiquantitative immunohistochemistry was used to examine cellular localization and protein levels. The effect of iron loading on cellular proliferation and iron transporter expression was determined in esophageal cell lines OE33 and SEG-1using a bromodeoxyuridine assay and real-time PCR, respectively. Results: In the progressionof Barrett's metaplasia to adenocarcinoma, therewas overexpression of divalent metal transporter1 (DMT1), transferrin receptor1, duodenal cytochrome b, ferroportin, andH-ferritin, and these changeswere associatedwith increased irondeposition.Overexpression of DMT1was further associated with metastatic adenocarcinoma. Iron loading OE33 and SEG-1 cells caused increased cellular proliferation, which was associated with increased H-ferritin and decreased transferrin receptor1and DMT1expression. Conclusions: Progression to adenocarcinoma is associated with increased expression of iron import proteins. These events culminate in increased intracellular iron and cellular proliferation. This may represent a novel mechanism of esophageal carcinogenesis. Esophageal adenocarcinoma is a cancer whose incidence has seen an unprecedented increase in the last 30 years with no apparent evidence of a downturn (1, 2). The prognosis for patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma remains extremely poor with 5-year survival rates approximating 10% in most Western populations (3). The strongest known risk factor is Barrett's metaplasia, a condition characterized by the replacement of native squamous esophageal mucosa with a columnar epithelium, probably as a consequence of prolonged reflux of gastric contents into the lower esophagus (1, 4). It is estimated that Barrett's metaplasia increases the risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma approximately 30to 125-fold (5, 6). In addition to the plethora of proteins implicated in the malignant progression of Barrett's metaplasia to adenocarcinoma, including c-MYC (7), there is evidence suggesting that iron is important in the development of esophageal cancer (8–14). The involvement of iron in esophageal carcinogenesis is exemplified by a series of studies using an animal model in which rats underwent an esophagoduodenal anastomosis to mimic reflux (10–12). Rates of esophageal adenocarcinoma 30 weeks after surgery were f10-fold higher in animals supplemented with iron than in nonsupplemented animals. The cellular role of iron in carcinogenesis has been attributed to its potential to induce reactive oxygen species, DNA adducts, and cellular proliferation and repress cell adhesion (15–18). Iron is principally absorbed in the duodenum where dietary ferric iron is reduced and transported into the enterocyte by the proteins duodenal cytochrome b (DCYTB) and divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), respectively (19–21). The iron can then be either stored in an inert form bound to ferritin (22), used by the cell, or exported from the enterocyte via a pathway that Human Cancer Biology Authors'Affiliations: Cancer ResearchUK Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham; Sandwell andWest BirminghamHospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Academic Unit of Pathology, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom; and Iron Metabolism Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Received 5/3/07; revised10/11/07; accepted10/11/07. Grant support: City Hospital Trust Fund and the University of Birmingham Scientific project grant. The tissue microarray construction was supported by a grant from the Special Trustees of Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trusts. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges.This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with18 U.S.C. Section1734 solely to indicate this fact. Note:T. Iqbal and C.Tselepis contributed equally to this work. Requests for reprints: ChrisTselepis, Cancer Research UK Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham,Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom. Phone: 44-121-414-2972; Fax: 44-121-627-2384; E-mail: c.tselepis@ bham.ac.uk. F2008 American Association for Cancer Research. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-1054 www.aacrjournals.org Clin Cancer Res 2008;14(2) January15, 2008 379 American Association for Cancer Research Copyright © 2008 on March 11, 2012 clincancerres.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-1054


This study aims to describe the attitudes, motivations and interests of entrepreneurship and determine the influence of attitudes and motivations on entrepreneurial interest in S1 Management majoring students at the University of Muhammaddiyah Malang in 2017 and there are only 5 classes. The analytical tool used is the scale range and Multiple Linear regression. F test results on attitudes and motivation on entrepreneurial interest simultaneously affect the results of the coefficient of determination of entrepreneurial attitudes and motivation of 47.9% while the rest are influenced by other variables not in this study. The results of the analysis of the dominant test of the influence of attitude and motivation on entrepreneurial interest can be found that motivation has the strongest influence on entrepreneurial interest compared to attitude, which is 0.652.


The railroad represents the first great attempt to free people from the tyranny of the places that used to tie them to their land and to confine them to the small reality of their place of birth. The railroad gave rise to one of the first greatest geographic networks, developing a multiplicity of possible connections and thus creating an infinite number of relations. Highways take such development a step further. Networks give rise to a geometry which favours points and lines while disregarding surfaces: our way of inhabiting is therefore conditioned by the mobility of people, of things and capital. It might now be time to rethink the meaning of our roots based on the interactions that the modern industrial society bequeathed to us.


The paper formulates the inverse kinematic problem for the robotic manipulator with six degrees of freedom. For the solution if this problem, the geometric method combined with the Denavit–Hartenberg transformation was applied. The Denavit–Hartenberg method offers the advantage of reducing the number of coordinates that determine the special position of the solid body from six to four. This method provides for an accurate positioning of the working tool. The inverse kinematic problem was solved. This problem aims at calculating the rotating angle of each axis. The geometric solution of the problems for each of the axes is presented. Based on the calculation data, the algorithm of determining the rotating angles of the robotic manipulator was developed. This algorithm was implemented in the Matlab environment. The control flow chart of the algorithm is presented and its operation is described. The paper offers an example of solving the inverse kinematic problem using the developed algorithm. The calculation results were verified and shown to be consistent with the preset position, which confirms the adequacy of the developed model.


When Malaysia came to independence, considerable powers, particularly in the natural resources sector, were devolved on the rulers of the states of East Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak. The subsequent deforestation, which benefitted the logging companies (and the politicians) was hard to reconcile with the interests of the indigenous peoples. Their plight was projected internationally by a Swiss activist, Bruno Manser, who lived with the Penan people for several years. But the resulting expressions of international concern over the rate of deforestation from, for example Al Gore and Prince Charles, have received short shrift from the government of Malaysia. Sarawak reputedly continues to have among the highest rates of forest destruction in the world.


1 The role of pathogens in insect population dynamics remains poorly understood and their performance in biological control is erratic. Here we identify that temperature and host thermal behaviour, both the active interaction with environmental temperature and solar radiation via thermoregulation and the passive interception of these factors by thermal generalists, are central to understanding host–pathogen interactions.


Abstract Objectives: Criteria for discharge after outpatient surgery do not take into consideration the patients' assessment of discharge readiness. Our aim was to compare discharge readiness as determined by nurses with that determined by patients against the modified Aldrete score as a benchmark. Design and setting: In this prospective study, a single observer followed 194 outpatients in the PACU. A modified Aldrete score was assigned and further assessments were made at 15-min intervals in parallel with those made by nursing staff. Nurses and patients were blinded to each other's assessments. Discharge readiness was quantified according to three different approaches: 1) time to reach a modified Aldrete score of >9,2) time to discharge readiness according to the patient's own evaluation and, 3) time to discharge readiness according to nursing assessments. Results: All three times were significantly different from each other. a) Time to achieve a modified Aldrete score >9 was 8.3+7.6 min, b) Time the patient felt discharge ready was 45.3+39.5 min, c) Time the patient was actually discharged by nurses was 86.8+45.8 min. Conclusions: Nursing staff tend to keep patients an additional 41.5 + 36.6 min in the PACU compared to the patients' own evaluation. Significant cost saving could be potentially realised if outpatients who achieve a modified Aldrete score >9 are allowed some freedom in the determination of their own discharge readiness.


Abstract : This is a short annual progress report on the present contract, for which a renewal to continue the project one more year has been submitted. A publication list is accompanied. (Author)


HPLC analysis on medicinal materials of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.from seven locations was carried out and its common pattern of HPLC fingerprint was determined.On these bases,relative content of four phenanthraquinone compounds including dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ,tanshinone Ⅰ,cryptotanshinone and tanshinoneⅡA in medicinal materials of S.miltiorrhiza from seven locations were compared.The results show that HPLC chromatogram of medicinal materials from different locations all contain twenty-one peaks,in which there are eight common peaks.And the relative retention time of common peaks is almost same with the RSD value lower than 0.086%,but the difference in their relative peak area is obvious.Taking No.4 peak(dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ) as the reference peak,the common pattern of HPLC fingerprint of medicinal materials of S.miltiorrhiza is constructed initially.And the similarity of HPLC fingerprints of medicinal materials of S.miltiorrhiza from seven locations to the common pattern is better with the similarity value of 0.916-0.973.There is obvious difference in relative content of four phenanthraquinone compounds in medicinal materials of S.miltiorrhiza from different locations,in which,those from He'nan all are the highest,while those from Hebei all are the lowest.Otherwise,the proportion of the four compounds in medicinal materials from different location has obvious difference,too.According to the experimental results,it is suggested that the common pattern of the HPLC fingerprint can be used as one of standards for quality control and identify authenticity of medicinal materials of S.miltiorrhiza.


The gas‐phase equilibria of solvation reactions of O+2 and O−2 ions with O2 were measured with a pulsed electron‐beam high‐pressure mass spectrometer. van't Hoff plots of the equilibrium constants lead to the determination of the thermochemical stabilities for O+2(O2)n with n=1–8 and for O−2(O2)n with n=1–7. The fashion of the bonding in the clusters O+2(O2)n and O−2(O2)n changes drastically from covalent to electrostatic one between n=2 and 3, and n=1 and 2, respectively. That is, the first shells formed for these positive and negative cluster ions are O+2(O2)2 and (O2‐‐‐O2)−. The formation of the second shells, O+2(O2)2(O2)2 and (O2‐‐‐O2)−(O2)2, are also observed, but they are only slightly more stable than larger clusters toward dissociation.


East Kalimantan is the location designated by President Jokowi Dodo as the new capital city of Indonesia. In terms of autonomy, the reason for moving the capital city, according to the government, is for the sake of equitable development. Decentralization is the idea and spirit of the founders of the State, with the division of territories including their powers. This is stated in the provisions of Article 18 of the 1945 Constitution which encourage the implementation of regional autonomy in a broad and concrete manner, with the hope that disadvantaged areas can develop themselves and align themselves with other regions in order to advance welfare. The relocation of the new capital city will create new problems in this country, not only peat problems but will result in ecological disasters. It is hoped that the relocation of the capital city will really be studied and evaluated because it will seriously threaten the sustainability of peatlands in East Kalimantan, where 0.3 million hectares are peatlands. The role of local government is very important because in its implementation in realizing good environmental governance, the ability of local governments to protect and manage the environment is needed. This study uses a qualitative research approach, which is a scientific method used and carried out by a group of researchers in the field of social sciences, including education.


The aim of this article was to analyze how the tourist municipalities of the state of Parana understand and consider the importance of the concept of smart tourism destinations (STD) for their management. The study is justified by the relevance of the theme for the development of policies for the management of tourist destinations, considering the importance of new technologies for the development of tourism, we also highlight the originality of the study due to two aspects: the approach given to the smart tourism destinations theme in detriment to the reality of the state of Parana and the methodology used in the data collection, coming from a country (Spain) that is a reference in the studies of smart tourism destinations. With the contribution of the theoretical framework it was possible to understand the concepts that permeate the smart tourism destinations, such as tourism destinations, destination management, information and communication technologies (ICT). This understanding based the analyzes carried out in the article. The methodology adopted in this article is based on qualitative and quantitative methods, since the quantitative and qualitative results were analyzed and validated through the pairing with the concepts discussed in the theoretical framework. To collect the data, a questionnaire constructed by the Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Turisticas da Universidade de Alicante-Espanha was adapted to the reality of the municipalities of Parana, aiming to achieve a spectrum of responses consistent with the reality perceived, the total population of the study comprised 224 municipalities, of which 76 answers were obtained. As main results , it is worth mentioning that municipalities understand the concept and its importance for management, however, none of the destinations has governmental structures (regulatory frameworks), basic infrastructure or sufficient information for the immediate evolution to a smart tourism destination.


To determine the average within person biological variability of free‐β human chorionic gonadotrophin (free hCGβ), intact hCG and pregnancy‐associated plasma protein A (PAPP‐A), and to establish analytical goals for the measurement of these markers when used in first trimester screening.


The present invention is absorbed by indirect transfer, absorbent articles, in particular baby or adult diapers, training pants, pull-up diapers (diaper pants), sanitary napkins, on a carrier layer for use in those panty liners or the like to a method of applying a gender gel material (AGM) granules. These articles typically comprise a carrier layer having AGM particles, making up the complete article with further layers.


Abstract The C balance of a tall fescue sward grown under different rates of N fertilization in summer, autumn, and spring was calculated using models derived from measurements of shoot growth, canopy gross photosynthesis, shoot respiration and of C partitioning to the roots. Under the diverse growing conditions associated with the seasons and the N fertilization, C utilization for above- and below-ground biomass accumulation never exceeded 39 and 14% of the canopy gross photosynthesis, respectively. Carbon losses attributed to root respiration and exudation, which were estimated by difference between canopy net photosynthesis and total growth, ranged between 3 and 30% of canopy gross photosynthesis. Seasonal differences in shoot growth could be attributed to the amount of intercepted radiation, the radiation-use efficiency and the C partitioning to the roots. The effect of N deficiency on shoot growth can be attributed to its effects on canopy photosynthesis (principally resulting from changes in intercepted photosynthetically active radiation) and C partitioning. In comparison with the effect on shoot growth, the effect of the N deficiency on the canopy gross photosynthesis per unit of light intercepted over the regrowth cycle was limited. It is concluded that most of the effect of N fertilization on shoot growth is due to changes in C partitioning which result in faster leaf area development and greater light interception.


Surface-emitting second harmonic generation based on nonlinear integration of counter-propagating waves in a quasi-phase-matched Al1-xGaxAs multilayer waveguide has potential applications in novel optoelectronic devices such as integrable opti-G channel are broader than that of those achromatic channel (30°-15°:Phillips & Wilson, JOSA, 1984).


This paper presents results from a 3-year exposure study to evaluate the durability of aramid fiber reinforced plastic (AFRP) pretensioned elements used as piles driven in a marine environment. The aramid/epoxy composite ARAPREE was used in this investigation. Ten AFRP pretensioned beams designed to fail by rupture of the pretensioning rods were precracked and then exposed to wet/dry cycles in saltwater to simulate tide change. Exposed beams were periodically removed and tested to failure to determine their service and ultimate response. Changes in response relative to that of unexposed control specimens were used to evaluate durability. The results showed that exposure had a relatively minor effect on the ultimate capacity of the AFRP pretensioned beams. However, there was evidence of bond deterioration in the failure mode of specimens exposed for 2 years or more. More importantly, characteristic bond splitting cracks developed in one beam that had been exposed for 3 years. This suggests that while AFRP may have adequate chemical resistance to concrete's alkalinity, its bond with concrete is vulnerable under wet/dry cycles. Thus, AFRP is not the ideal candidate for replacing steel in pretensioned piles driven in tidal waters.


Gamma-ray spectroscopy (GRS) has become an established technique to determine properties of the distribution function of the energetic particles in the MeV range, which are fast ions from heating and fusion reactions or runaway electrons born in disruptions. In this paper we present a selection of recent results where GRS is key to investigate the physics of MeV range particles. These range from radio-frequency heating experiments, where theoretical models can be tested with an unprecedented degree of accuracy, to disruption mitigation studies, where GRS sheds light on the effect of the actuators on the runaway electron velocity space. We further discuss the unique observational capabilities offered by the technique in deuterium–tritium plasmas, particularly with regard to the inference of the energy- and pitch-resolved distribution function of the α particles born from fusion reactions in the plasma core.


Games (Games) on mobile phones have now become an inseparable part, especially on the Android operating system. Most people, including students, spend a lot of time with cellphones for about 5-6 hours in front of cellphones just for applications and opening website addresses. The current digital era learning model has differences compared to conventional learning models. The PJJ model according to Azis (2019: 309) states that the digital era learning model consists of 3 models, first, the teacher provides online learning materials to students and then downloads and learns them manually (offline), both teachers provide online learning materials and participants students learn online too, and collaboration between learning that takes place between online and offline. The learning that has been carried out will end with an evaluation of both daily assessments, mid-semester assessments, and end-of-semester assessments. Based on the background above, the researchers intend to design applications that can be run via mobile phones with the Android operating system.


In multiple myeloma (MM), a network of cytokines in the bone marrow microenvironment promotes myeloma cell proliferation. Consequent inhibition of intracellular signalling in the myeloma cells seems to be a promising strategy to encounter disease progression.

The multiple myeloma cell lines U266, OPM-2, RPMI-8226 and NCI-H929 were incubated with the AMPK activators AICAr and D942. Basal and cytokine stimulated proliferation rates of myeloma cells were measured by the WST-1 assay. Alterations of the cell cycle were determined by flow cytometry after staining with propidium iodide. Intracellular signalling was shown by western blotting.

The AMPK activators 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAr) and D942 induced inhibition of proliferation in multiple myeloma cell lines. AICAr also induced a S-phase cell cycle arrest in all four tested cell lines and led to phosphorylation and herewith activation of AMPK. Furthermore, the inhibition of a nucleoside transporter by nitrobenzyl-thio-9-β-D-ribofuranosylpurine (NBTI), inhibition of the adenosine kinase by iodotubericidine and inhibition of AMPK by AMPKI Compound C reversed AICAr effects, indicating that the cellular effects of AICAr were mediated by AMPK. Activation of AMPK inhibited basal extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK), mTOR and P70S6 kinase (P70S6K) signalling and blocked cytokine induced increase of proliferation, which again was due to inhibition of ERK and P70S6K signalling. Troglitazone, a representative of a group of anti-diabetic drugs, similarly inhibited myeloma cell proliferation, activated AMPK and decreased ERK and P70S6K signalling.

We demonstrate for the first time that myeloma cell proliferation is controlled by AMPK activity. Consequently, targeting this pathway by inhibitors like glitazones provides a novel strategy in myeloma therapy.


Abstract The perpendicular hot bands ν ∓ 7 + ν ∓ 8 − ν ∓ 8 ( E–E ), ν ∓ 7 + ν ± 8 − ν ± 8 ( A 1,2 – E ), and ν 4 + 2ν ±2 8 − ν ± 8 ( E–E ) occurring in the region of the ν 7 fundamental of CH 3 NC (1050–1250 cm −1 , cf. J. Pliva et al., J. Mol. Spectrosc. 173, 423–430, 1995) have been analyzed. Eleven subbands of the E–E component and 10 subbands of the A 1,2 –E component of ν 7 + ν 8 − ν 8 plus four subbands of ν 4 + 2ν 8 − ν 8 have been assigned and used in the analysis. The fundamental states ν 6 and ν 3 which strongly affect the upper states of the hot transitions by anharmonic and Coriolis resonances have been included in a comprehensive analysis. Reliable values are reported for the spectroscopic and interaction constants of all the states involved as well as for the vibrational and anharmonic constants x 78 , x 78 ( g 78 ), x 48 , ω 0 8 , x 88 , and x 88 ( g 88 ).


Radical cations derived from the ethers ROCH2CH2OR′ (R, R′ = H, CH3, C25) were studied, since β-distonic oxonium ions are often prepared from ionized ethers of glycol. The first step in the fragmentation is a 1,5-transfer of an α-hydrogen to oxygen of a terminal alkoxy group leading to a δ-distonic oxonium ion. This step is thermo-neutral and reversible in the ROCH2CH2OH radical cations and exothermic and irreversible in the dialkyl ether radical cations. Depending on R and R,′ these δ-distonic oxonium ions fragment by three reactions: the loss of an alcohol or a water molecule, the formation of a β-distonic oxonium ion ˙CH2CH2O(H)+R and a 1,4-H migration between carbon atoms. Competition between these processes is discussed.


The CAD environment SIGNAL for real-time control and signal processing systems design is presented in this paper. The following characteristics of the language are emphasized: easy specification of the application, reliability of the program development, powerful methods for checking basic properties of the application, automatic implementation from specification, and efficiency of the compiled code. The SIGNAL compiler is based on the theory of Hybrid Dynamical Systems and handles dynamical systems over the finitie field of integers modulo 3 to perform the compilation of SIGNAL programs.


Th e World Health Organization estimates that a staggering two billion people harbor parasitic worm infections. Parasitic worms also infect livestock and crops, aff ecting food production with a resultant economic impact. Despite this prevalence of parasitic infections, the research on anthelmintic drug is poor. As per WHO, only few drugs are frequently used in the treatment of helminthes in human beings. Anthelmintics from the natural sources may play a key role in the treatment of these parasite infections. In view of this, an attempt has been made to study the anthelmintic activity of roots of Ficus benghalensis. In this study, methanolic, aqueous, chloroform, petroleum ether extracts were used and studied for paralysis and death of earthworm. All the extracts were found not only to paralyze (Vermifuge) but also to kill the earthworms (Vermicidal). Th e aqueous and methanolic extract was found to be more eff ective to execute the earthworm. Key words: Anthelmintic activity, Ficus benghalensis, pheretima posthuma


The shrinkage of sensors and subsequent attempts to apply modern technology to various disciplines in an effort to better human life are two examples. The integration of technology into the healthcare industry has been identified as a promising subject for future study. Healthcare services are prohibitively expensive for those who need them, particularly in less developed nations. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to address a contemporary issue in healthcare delivery. A remote healthcare system was the primary focus of the project. It is divided into thirds. The first part involves monitoring a patient's health status with sensors; the second part involves uploading that information to a cloud service; and the third part involves providing access to that information from a remote location. Because the information can be accessed remotely, a doctor or guardian can keep tabs on a patient's health even when they are not physically present at the facility. The transition from traditional medical consultation to more convenient and cost-effective telemedicine has been made easier by IoT developments. All of a patient's vital signs, such as temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and EKG signals, are constantly monitored by the proposed device and sent to a related hybrid cloud server every 10 seconds for the attending doctor to look at. In the event of an emergency, the system will send out alerts via Telegram message utilising GSM technology and trigger an alarm system. It allows medical professionals, family members, and friends of patients, wherever they are in the world, to keep tabs on vital signs in real time. A total of 15 individuals were included in the study, all of whom had positive outcomes. This paper's proposed system reveals a future vision of biomedical engineering: a patient-and doctor-controlled, highly responsive, and interactive intensive care unit.


By analysing the structure of graphs,the paper poi nted out that catching the general topological structure of the graph and pickin g-up the nodes and their related information firstly,and then going on the vec torial trace can solve the problem of complex crosses and improve the efficiency and the precision of vectorization.The method based on the guidance of the inf ormation of nodes and the classified connected components can avoid the randomic ity of tracing start point choosing and reduce the blindness of the direction tr acing,and it is effectual and robust.


This paper describes the inherent diversity and framework for sustainable energy in the developing economy by developing the associated dynamic hypothesis. Energy systems include hierarchy of subsystems; hence its success or failure would depend of the various interconnections and interactions. Most energy programmes designed for the OECD nations often fail when applied to the DE due to the inherent feedback dynamics. Diverse parties with sometimes opposing objectives have addressed the term 'sustainability' to communicate different policies. However, the issue of energy usage is beyond climate change, resource scarcity to include how energy resource use reinforces inequalities and destroys the ecosystem. Technology would act as a mechanism for reducing inequality, improve the standard of living and minimise the impact of energy use on climate change if properly managed in the DE. Producers that take the initiative to produce greener products will have a competitive advantage. Energy market failures due to inappropriate resource pricing should be discouraged if DE is to pursue SED and hence the need for paradigm shifts in policy and planning formulation. Market-based energy prices, privatisation, and the possibility of independent power generation will favour investment in new and renewable energy technologies and technology transfer to the DE. Although, there is no conclusive evidence in affirm the forecasted threats of climate changes, however, renewable energy technologies would be environmentally appropriate in the DE. DE endeavours toward greater international co-ordination in energy policy are positive move towards SED and DSS would enable energy planners to make informed sustainable energy decisions even in the absence of adequate and accurate data.


Online professional development (OPD) has potential to improve teacher quality by improving teachers' knowledge and instructional practices. These changes, in turn, have potential to improve student achievement. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of scientific research on the effects of OPD on teachers and, more importantly, on students. This article presents the results of a randomized controlled trial exploring the effects of a series of three learning-community model OPD workshops on teachers' content knowledge, teachers' instructional practices, students' content knowledge, and students' practices in the context of seventh-grade English language arts. There were statistically significant effects on teachers' vocabulary and overall English language arts content knowledge and on vocabulary and writing practices. The effect sizes of these changes ranged from small to medium. There were statistically significant effects on students' reading comprehension practices.


At present there are many management problems during the operation of provincial key laboratories,especially the lack of new management ideas and mechanisms in some key laboratories.In order to improve management level of the key laboratories,new ideas and mechanisms were proposed from management system,talent management,laboratory funds management,laboratory open sharing and so on.


We have all heard the maxim that knowledge is power. At face value this seems both wise and true but, unfortunately, that is simply not the case. Knowledge is nothing more than a product derived from a specific skill set and, though it can be said to be a powerful tool, the true power is the ability to acquire knowledge combined with the realisation that knowledge is an ever evolving concept.


The media popularization of the science and the technology as discursive re- contextualization This report reflects on the discursive re-contextualization of the media popularization of the science and the technology; this model, which impacts all levels of language, aims at explain- ing the traits of the media popularization of scientific and technological content, more accurately than the traditional way of «translation» from a specialized language as source to one colloquial as goal. The discursive strategies set in place for succeeding in re-contextu- alizing the tecno-scientific information (minimization of the uncertainties associated to the experiments and established introduction of the results, resort to what is spectacular, use of literary resources, etc…), built by the organizational dynamics and the spatial and tem- poral restrictions typical of the journalist enterprise, shape the public image that media raise of science and technology.


A preparation method of a carbon fiber reinforcement grafted by graphene oxide relates to a preparation method of a carbon fiber reinforcement grafted by graphene oxide. The invention solves the problems of harsh process conditions, long process period, toxic process, and difficult industrial production for current carbon fiber surface modification methods. The invention adopts a 'grafting' method, and grafts graphene oxide on acidified carbon fiber surfaces through an acylation reaction by using polyamide-amine with a lot of amido active groups; the invention has low cost, is simple, practical, environment-friendly, and nontoxic, and can be completed within a short period. The method particularly comprises the following steps: mixing acidified carbon fibers and a polyamide-amine methanolsolution, reacting to prepare carbon fibers modified by polyamide-amine, adding the prepared carbon fibers in a graphene oxide acetone suspension, mixing, reacting, filtering, drying the precipitatestill the weight is constant. The obtained carbon fiber reinforcement has interfacial shear strength with epoxy resin of up to 79.77-105.50 MPa which is improved.


According to the viewpoints of swarm dynamic, this paper elaborates that introducing the target tracking control and global asymptotic stability respectively of the two kinds of different swarm systems with aggregation functions, the study of multi-agent systems is start with two aspects: one hand is starting off from formation coverage search, but on the other hand, researching the character of high noise inhibiting ability and stability. By use of the swarm dynamical models, meanwhile, considering the interactions among agents, based on the artificial potential functions (APFs) and Newton-Raphson iteration updating behavior rules, theoretical analysis and simulation experimental studies results are presented to illustrate the performance and viability of the proposed algorithm which is robust with respect to the system uncertainties and additive disturbances.


Pancreatic tumors are being discovered more frequently secondary to the widespread use of cross-sectional imaging for diagnostic purposes. Malignant tumors of the pancreas most commonly arise from intrinsic pancreatic cells rather than as metastases from other primary sites. Most of these primary pancreatic malignancies arise from the ductal system and are classified as adenocarcinomas. Because this is the most prevalent subtype of pancreatic malignancies, the recommended management of this disease has been well standardized. Undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas with osteoclast-like giant cells (UC-OGC) is a rare primary pancreatic malignancy that constitutes approximately 1% of pancreatic malignancies. The rarity of this disease precludes study with large randomized controlled trials to guide best practice standards. The accepted strategies for diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance are based off a limited amount of published data or extrapolated form pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Surgical resection has been associated with survival advantage. One study demonstrated a median overall survival (OS) of 26 months in all patients diagnosed with UC-OGC compared to a 48-month median OS in the patients who underwent surgical resection. Another topic in management is the use of positron emission tomography (PET) scan in the management of UC-OGC. As expected, there is very limited data on the subject. One case report describes using PET scan in the diagnosis of a 1.0 × .8 cm tumor with a standardized uptake value (SUV) max of 5.0 found in the body of the pancreas. The imaging was performed to assist in delineation between a benign vs malignant lesion that was determined to be equivocal when found on an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan performed for nonspecific abdominal pain. Another case report describes a patient with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer who was found to have a 4.2 cm mass in the tail of the pancreas on surveillance CT imaging. A PET scan was performed which showed the lesion had an SUV max of 14.7. The patient subsequently underwent distal pancreatectomy with final pathology demonstrating UC-OGC. We describe the diagnosis and management of a patient with UC-OGC which was discovered on a PET scan performed for staging of a newly diagnosed marginal B-cell lymphoma. An 80-year-old female was diagnosed with low-grade marginal zone B-cell lymphoma with minimal bone marrow involvement after workup prompted by hypercalcemia. She was subsequently diagnosed with thrombocytopenia believed to be paraneoplastic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) which required treatment with steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin. She underwent a staging whole body PET scan and was found to have focal severe fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the pancreatic head with an SUV max of 9.2 (Figure 1). She had no evidence of biliary obstruction at that time. She underwent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) which demonstrated a 19 × 19 mm oval mass in the pancreatic head with well-defined borders and lack of invasion into surrounding structures. A biopsy performed at the time of EUS resulted as undifferentiated carcinoma of the pancreas. The patient was then treated with rituximab for refractory ITP with clinical improvement. The patient then underwent a Whipple procedure. Pathology demonstrated a 2.3 cm UC-OGC with 0/16 lymph nodes harboring metastatic carcinoma. All surgical margins were negative for dysplasia or malignancy. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was discharged to a rehabilitation facility. She subsequently returned to her previous living condition. The patient has no evidence of recurrent disease 4 months after her operation.


"When writing about photographic archives, in the context of national and cultural identity formation, Caraffa and Serena (2015), persuasively argue that the value of photographs is more than as aesthetic objects, they write:

A photograph – whether analogue or digital – is still able to play this role better than other types of document, since by its very nature it is linked to the concept of identity and self-recognition. (Caraffa and Serena 2015:8)

This is a viewpoint that builds on previous writing around the cultural value of photographs, from Hall (1984), Ryzova (2015), Edwards (2004), Campt (2012), to name a few. The starting point for this panel is to think through photographs as more than should aesthetic images. They can be understood as objects of cultural, social, aesthetic and political significance. Drawing from this perspective, this proposal looks at ways in which vernacular photographies inform and shape our understanding of the present, as well as the past. In doing this we open up questions around the of value of archives of the future. After a short introduction from the chair to frame the discussion, the panelists (see further information below) will discuss their research practice around vernacular photographies. This will be a starting point to answer questions such as: If we understand archives to be that liminal space between which memory and forgetting sit, how can this inform our current understanding of vernacular photographies?" (Molloy, 2018)

Panel Chair
Caroline Molloy, Senior Lecturer in Photography, Coventry University and PhD Candidate at the History and Theory Photography Research Centre, Birkbeck, University of London. Her research interests are centred around the relationship between contemporary vernacular photographies and cultural histories. http://www.carolinemolloy.media/

Panel Guest
Dr Nicky Bird, Reader in Photography, Glasgow School of Art. Bird is an artist whose work investigates the contemporary relevance of found photographs, the hidden histories of archives and specific sites. She is interested in a key question: what is our relationship to the past, and what is the value we ascribe to it in the present? https://nickybird.com/about/

Panel Guest
Dr Karen Shepherdson, Reader in Photography, Christchurch Canterbury University. Karen is the director of the UK's South East Archive of Seaside (SEAS) Photography; co-director of the Centre for Research on Communities and Cultures; and co-editor for the Journal of Photography and Culture. Shepherdson's research is based around archival coastal photography, through which she seeks to provide new
insights into cultural memory around working class coastal history. http://www.karenshepherdson.com/


Abstract Aim: Little data is available on long-term renal impairment in survivors from childhood sarcoma. We investigated the prevalence of renal impairment and hypertension after very long-term follow-up in survivors who reached adulthood after treatment for childhood sarcoma. Methods: A cross-sectional single center study was performed. Outcomes included estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria, glycosuria, serum phosphate and magnesium, tubular reabsorption phosphate (TRP), chronic kidney disease (CKD) according to the "Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes" (KDIGO) guidelines and blood pressure (BP). Results: Out of 87 > 5-year sarcoma survivors, 30 adults (10F/20M, median age at diagnosis 9 years, median age at investigation 26 years, median follow-up 16 years, mean 19 years) were identified. Renal impairment was detected in four cases (13.3%); three of these fulfilled the criteria for CKD. Among the adult survivors, a subgroup of 15 cases (50%) had received ifosfamide without confounding factors such as a diagnosis of genito-urinary rhabdomyosarcoma or administration of other potentially nephrotoxic chemotherapy (platinum-based drugs or methotrexate); no renal dysfunction was detected in this subgroup. In the whole cohort of sarcoma survivors, hypertension was diagnosed in four cases (13.3%); BP was significantly correlated with body mass index [p .014]. Conclusion: In our series of adult survivors treated for a diagnosis of sarcoma in their childhood, the prevalence of CKD was 10%. We found survivors treated with ifosfamide as the only nephrotoxic agent did not present glomerular or tubular toxicity at long term follow-up, but further studies including a larger number of cases are required to confirm it.


To conduct a retrospective population‐based study to examine the risk of developing diabetes after delivery in First Nations and non‐First Nations women in Alberta.


Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises edited by Annalisa Berta, with a large number of expert contributors, is a comprehensive reference guide to cetaceans designed for the educated audience or an interested student, but not a specialist in the field. Overall the book is well-written, highly accurate, and nicely illustrated with useful tips for the dedicated whalewatcher or nature lover. The book belongs on any serious naturalist cruise ship because it offers good guides for identifying various dolphin and whale species based on their blow, surfacing and diving patterns—in addition to telltale coloration, size, and shape. The volume also details which species even cetacean biologists might easily confuse with each other. Most of the book is a species directory, summarizing the anatomy, life history, behavior, foraging, conservation/threats, and distribution of each species, with wellillustrated drawings of their surfacing behavior and physical traits. It is a comprehensive reference book and a useful starting place for any student interested in learning about cetaceans. Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises is organized into three major sections. The first section is ''The Biology'' which covers phylogeny, evolution, anatomy, physiology, behavior, food and foraging, life history, ranging, habitat, and conservation in just 44 pages. The second section is ''Identification Tools and Maps'', which is 14 pages long, and provides keys to identifying cetaceans in the wild—especially by their surface behavior. This section also provides locations for observing cetaceans and techniques for doing so. The final and longest section is the ''The Species Directory.'' This is really the focus of the book at over 200 pages and is divided by taxonomic groups: Right Whales, Rorqual and Gray Whales, Oceanic Dolphins, Sperm Whales, Narwhal and Beluga, Beaked Whales, River Dolphins, and Porpoises, since these sections are further subdivided by species. Some are therefore quite long, such as 80 pages devoted to 38 species of Oceanic Dolphins, while others are quite short, such as the six pages on the Narwhal and Beluga. The groupings provide a quick reference list and allow the reader to quickly locate the species of interest. It is worth noting that even though the book caters to the non-specialist and most terms are well-defined, occasional terminology would stump the non-scientist (e.g., oxygen isotope and some anatomical terms). The first part of the book dares to summarize phylogeny and evolution, which is not easy to do in a mere six pages. This is done well. Here, Berta explains that genetic and anatomical data sometimes conflict on classification of species. This, while true, would have been a great opportunity to explain why this is the case with a couple of explicit examples. Gray whales are mentioned—as their genetic classification places them close to right whales and bowheads, but their anatomical features place them outside of balaenopterids. This left me waiting for an explanation—what anatomical features and why? Other areas on cetacean evolution are described in a factual way, but left me hungry for at least a bit of speculation, or description of common theories and probable explanations. Why did the late Miocene have such an incredible burst of diversity in cetaceans (p. 15)? Why do some delphinids have extraordinarily large brains and others smaller? What were some of the evolutionary pressures? Why do shortfinned pilot whales have menopause or stop reproduction in their 40s but live for 20–30 more years but long-finned pilot whales reproduce until the end (40–50 years)? Similarly, killer whales show evidence of menopause and there is an exciting literature out there to help explain it (e.g., Foster et al. 2012; Brent et al. 2015). And, why don't Cephalorhynchus have whistles like other delphinids? Given the importance of whistles as social communication, what are the explanations for these differences? At later points in the book, some opportunities to explain mating systems are missed. For example, I was surprised that extraordinary mating groups of southern right whales were not described on page 72, along with the ton of testes mass data that are clear evidence Integrative and Comparative Biology


Algorithms for estimating the smooth egomotion of moving cameras and the structure of objects in a stationary environment using long, noisy stereo image sequences are presented. Conditions for the uniqueness of the motion and structure parameters also given.


Whereas the utility of high‐risk HPV (hrHPV) testing is widely accepted in triage of women with atypical squamous lesions, its role in managing atypical glandular cells (AGC) is not fully elucidated. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed to evaluate the accuracy of hrHPV testing in the management of women with AGC to detect underlying high‐grade intraepithelial neoplasia or worse, and adenocarcinoma in situ or worse (AIS+). Additionally, the diagnosis of extra‐cervical cancer was considered as an outcome in this review. A bibliographic database search (PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL) identified twelve eligible studies. The occurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade two or worse including AIS+ (CIN2+/AIS+), was 19.8% among women with AGC, and 55.7% among women with AGC and concurrent squamous lesions (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or worse, ASC‐US+). The pooled sensitivity and specificity of hrHPV‐testing with Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) to detect CIN2+/AIS+ in women with AGC was 90.0% (95% CI = 85.1–93.4%) and 75.1% (95% CI = 64.8–83.2%), respectively. Women who were hrHPV‐negative, demonstrated an increased risk for extra‐cervical malignancy (endometrium, fallopian tube, ovary). In women of 50y and older, a hrHPV‐negative result was linked with a 18.0% chance of extra‐cervical malignancy, while the chance of cervical pre‐cancer and cancer was 0.4 and 0.0%, respectively. In conclusion, given the high risk of underlying CIN2+/AIS+, women with AGC should be referred directly to colposcopy. However, hrHPV test results in combination with the age, appears to improve the diagnostic process by distinguishing the risk for cervical versus non‐cervical lesions.


This study investigated the adoption of web-based reference services by private university libraries in Kwara State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to: (i). identify the benefits of web-based reference services in private university libraries in Kwara Sate; (ii). ascertain the extent of adoption of web based reference services by private university libraries in Kwara Sate; (iii) identify the nature of web-based reference services adopted by private university libraries in Kwara Sate; and (iv) investigate the problems affecting the use of web based reference services in private university libraries in Kwara Sate. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised 5,138 registered library users of Al-Hikmah University Library, Ilorin and Landmark University Library, Omu-Aran, Kwara state. A sample size of 348 users was selected using proportional sampling technique. Questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings of this study revealed that library users derive numerous benefits from the use of web-based reference services. The finding also revealed that private university libraries in Kwara State have adopted web-based reference services to a high extent. It further revealed that technical problems, Internet network problem, lack of co-operation and coordination on both parts of users and staff and late answer to questions were the major problems affecting the use of web-based reference service. The study recommended that library management should address all constraints affecting the use of web-based reference services


It is a current opinion that thermonuclear fusion is the main source of the star activity. It is shown below that this source is not unique. There is another electrostatic mechanism of the energy generation which accompanies thermonuclear fusion. Probably, this approach can solve the solar neutrino problem.


Brachyuran crabs belonging to the family Palicidae Bouvier, 1898, frequently occur in a wide variety of marine environments (Castro, 2000; Davie et al., 2015). However, the feeding habits, locomotion, reproduction, and larval development of palicids remain practically unknown. The evolution and biological significance of their uniquely reduced, dorsally-placed last pair of pereopods (P5) remained an open question (Castro, 2000), but they have been more recently recorded carrying fragments of sediment or seaweeds with their P5, a behaviour known as carrying behaviour (Guinot et al., 2013), a type of camouflage (Guinot & Wicksten, 2015). This behaviour is probably universal for palicids (Castro & Naruse, 2014). Most species are inhabitants of soft sediments in relatively deep water, whereas some are found in shallow water often associated with coarse sediments near coral reefs or with rocky bottoms. All seem to ingest sediment particles. The taxonomy and biogeography of the 46 known species of Indo-West Pacific palicids have been reviewed by Castro (2000, 2010), Promdam & Nabhitabhata (2012) and Castro & Naruse (2014).


This paper describes how, over 10 months of weekly observation, the observer witnessed a young child at nursery begin to explore her place in the world, following her first major separation. During this time, the observer saw an only child develop relationships with both staff and peers which enabled her to explore not only her place in the Oedipal triangle, but also a variety of different identifications and roles and the use she made of splitting. Over time both young child and observer became more preoccupied with phantasies stimulated by the idea of a new baby who might be born, and about the subsequent place of the older child who is no longer baby and not yet parent. A whole social world of new relationships and experiences becomes available with adequate containment of anxiety, rivalry and other strong emotions.


The power six-branch herringbone gear transmission system has the advantages of large power transmission and transmission ratio. Because of its multi-way transmission and over-constraint structure, to prevent loaded tooth interference, there are large backlashes between teeth. The system shows complex nonlinear dynamic characteristics under the influence of backlashes, which seriously affects meshing performance. The modification technology can effectively improve gear meshing performance. Hence, on the basis of optimizing meshing performance of the active pair of the six-branch herringbone gear transmission system, this article will combine 3D modification with system nonlinear vibration characteristics and propose an analysis method of the system nonlinear vibration characteristics under 3D modification to reduce vibration and noise. First, the 3D modified tooth surface equation is determined by forming grinding, the loaded transmission error (LTE) of the system's active pair is obtained by tooth contact analysis (TCA) and loaded tooth contact analysis (LTCA) technology, and the optimal modification parameters are obtained by Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO) with the minimum error amplitude as optimization objective. Then, the time-varying meshing stiffness of system under the optimal modification is calculated, and the pure torsional nonlinear dynamic model with backlashes, meshing stiffness, and static transmission error (STE) is established. Finally, the global vibration characteristics in parameter field are studied through time domain and bifurcation diagram of system. Results show that the 3D modification can eliminate edge contact of tooth and improve tooth contact performance. With the increase of input power, the root mean square (RMS) values of acceleration increase and the RMS values and jump decrease after 3D modification. With the increase of input speed, the RMS curves appear multiple resonance peaks and jumps at low input speed. After 3D modification, the RMS, jump, and resonance peak values decrease. Compared with level І, the backlashes and STEs of level II and phase difference ϛsII have great influence on system dynamic characteristics and easily make system in chaotic motion, while the 3D modification reduces their influence and makes system motion periodic.


A backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) approach is used to evaluate convex risk measures for unhedged positions of derivative securities in a continuous-time economy. The convex risk measure is represented as the solution of a BSDE. We use the Clark-Ocone representation result together with Malliavin calculus to identify the integrand in the martingale representation associated with the BSDE. In the Markov case, we relate the BSDE solution to a partial differential equation solution for convex risk measure evaluation.


The invention discloses a condiment, in particular to a special flavor diced meat oily chili and a preparation method thereof. The special flavor diced meat oily chili comprises the following raw materials of: by weight, 900-1000 parts of vegetable oil, 200-300 parts of chili sauce, 30-50 parts of fermented bean curd, 10-20 parts of bean paste, 2-4 parts of liquor, 40-60 parts of monosodium glutamate, 30-40 parts of salt, 3-5 parts of green prickleyash and 100-200 parts of special diced meat. the preparation method comprises the following steps of: a, preparing the materials; b, cooking chilli and taking out after boiling in water for 4-6 minutes; c, striking chili sauce; d. making the special diced meat, adding fermented bean curd, bean paste, monosodium glutamate, salt and liquor into the special diced meat, pickling for 20 minutes, and frying to crisp; e, stir-frying chili sauce, fermented bean curd and bean paste by using vegetable oil, adding liquor, green prickleyash and salt, adding the special diced meat, and frying; and f, cooling and packaging. The special flavor diced meat oily chili provided by the invention has advantages of superior materials and sophisticated production. The preparation method is scientific, reasonable and practical. The produced special flavor diced meat oily chili is unique in flavor, has a style of its own, and has excellent color, flavor, taste and shape.


Bridging the gap between low-level features and semantics is a problem commonly acknowledged in the Multimedia community. Event modeling can fill the gap. In this paper we present the Simple Event Model (SEM) and its application in a Maritime Safety and Security use case about Situational Awareness. We show how we abstract over low-level features, recognize simple behavior events using a Piecewise Linear Segmentation algorithm, and model the events as instances of SEM. We apply deduction rules, spatial proximity reasoning, and semantic web reasoning in SWI-Prolog to derive abstract events from the recognized simple events. The use case described in this paper come from the Dutch Poseidon project.


Over the whole world, people are interested in telling and understanding their dreams believing that, in depth, there is nothing meaningless. For them, a dream unifies the body, mind, and spirit. It provides an insight into the human self and a means for self-exploration. It is a kind of a play on the stage of mind. In Graham Greene's The Heart of the Matter (henceforth HOM), major Scobie, akin to any ordinary person, sees dreams that show what goes on the stage of his mind. This study is an attempt to investigate the plot in the fictional dreams of Greene's HOM according to Freytag's (1894) pyramid model and it is not concerned with the interpretation of dreams in terms of their symbolic reference. It is, rather, an analysis and a study of the dreams' plot development and its significance in relevance to the novel. The study assumes that Freytag's model is applicable to show that Greene's HOM fictional dreams are dramatically plotted. The study arrives at many conclusions concerning the model and the novel.


Introduction: Historically, physicians have been less likely to give intravenous tPA to patients with minor symptoms but evidence that mild stroke carries significant risk of permanent disability m...


One problem of interest to the oceanic engineering community is the detection and enhancement of internal wakes in open water synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Internal wakes, which occur when a ship travels in a stratified medium, have a "V" shape extending from the ship, and a chirp-like feature across each arm. The Radon transform has been applied to the detection and the enhancement problems in internal wake images to account for the linear features while the wavelet transform has been applied to the enhancement problem in internal wake images to account for the chirp-like features. Although the Radon transform accentuates linear features, there have been several difficulties applying this transform to the wake detection and enhancement problem because the transform is not localized. In a recent article by Copeland et. al., a localized Radon transform (LRT) was developed and was shown to reduce the speckle noise. In this dissertation, another derivation of the LRT is obtained which shows that this transform is equivalent to the Radon transform with a rectangular window function. Several properties not considered in the article are derived using the new formulation. Another transform which has been applied to internal wake images is the wavelet transform. In a recent paper by Teti et. al., the wavelet transform was applied to slices through internal wakes in SAR images. Although the wavelet transform reduced the speckle noise in SAR wake images, it required extracting a line from the image. In this dissertation, a wavelet localized


The ventral portion medial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC) comprises the prelimbic cortex (PL) and the infralimbic cortex (IL). It has been reported an important role of vMPFC on cardiovascular reflexes modulation. However, there is no study showing the role of this area on cardiovascular responses to chemoreflex activation. We report here a comparison between the effects of pharmacological inhibition of PL or IL neurotransmission on the pressor and bradycardic responses to chemoreflex activation evoked by KCN, i.v. administration.


This article continues a series that provides producers with information to aid in phosphorus (P) management and to understand environmental issues relating to P management. It focuses on P in aquatic systems (wetlands, streams, rivers, and lakes) and its impact on surface water quality.


The stratigraphy of the outcrops and of the subsurface of the Texas and New Mexico Permian formations is summarized. Four geographical divisions are considered, namely, the Panhandle arch, the main western Texas and eastern New Mexico basin, the Guadalupian barriers, and the trans-Pecos basin. Formations are correlated within each basin, and the problem of correlating across the Guadalupian barriers is discussed. Oil-bearing formations are tentatively correlated with surface formations. Finally a systematic summary of the stratigraphic history of the Permian of this region is attempted.


This paper investigates the methods of determining the convective velocity of the Sommerfeld radiation condition for incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in primitive variables. The Sommerfeld radiation condition for incompressible flows is a one-dimensional convective equation and has been widely used for outflow boundary condition of spatial developing flows. The definition of its convective velocity is unclear and the selection of appropriate value for the convective velocity is a critical issue. Four decision methods of the convective velocity with finite difference method are considered: the mean velocity over the exit boundary, the arithmetic mean velocity of the maximum and the minimum velocities on the outflow boundary, the local instantaneous velocity, and the numerically evaluated convective velocity which is modified procedure of Orlanski's open boundary condition. These methods are applied to two test problems for comparison. The first case is two Lamb dipoles traveling in a slow uniform flow. The second case is a two-dimensional impulsively starting jet flow. The numerical evaluated convective velocity produces minimum distortion and deformation of a vortex and provides no reflection.


As they continue to compete in advanced technology industries, many countries are doubling down on digital protectionism and innovation mercantilism. While these forms of protectionism typically rely on behind-the-border regulations rather than tariffs to protect local firms, the objective and impact remain the same—either to replace foreign goods and services with local ones, or to unfairly promote exports, or both. These destructive "beggar-thy-neighbor" tactics often target the data, technologies, and services of high-tech firms involved in sectors such as Internet-based services, data analytics, and electronics.


This paper critically examines two Hollywood science fictions movies Interstellar and The Martian from the notion of environmental crisis and human's desperate effort to protect its serenity. Particularly, I am interested in exploring the issue of illusionistic anthropocentrism. I am interested in knowing why the feelings of superiority and self-sufficiency in human beings make them live with illusion of disembeddedness from nature. The major objective of this paper is to pinpoint the ecological crisis in future world and the invention of artificial habs or digital earth for survival through Hollywood films. The birth of the digital Earth ensures the doom of green earth and warns us to contemplate on our own earth instead lurking after space mission ignoring the nature's exploitation. For this, I have used ecocritical perspective. Especially, I have drawn upon Lynn Townsend White Jr. and Val Plumwood's notion of ecocriticsm and environmental crisis. This study is going to be important because it will answer the roots of our current ecological crisis and environmental pollution.


MFDA (Multiway Fisher Discriminant Analysis) is proposed in order to monitor batch process. Although MPCA(Multiway Principal Component Analysis) contains certain optimality properties in terms of fault detection, it is not as well-suited for fault diagnosis because it does not use the information about fault. On the contrary, MFDA takes into account the information between the different fault classes and has advantage over MPCA for fault diagnosis. The method is illustrated by a case study of industrial streptomycin fermentation process.


Power electronic circuits have traditionally been
based on magnetic technology, and until recently,
have not been part of the tide of miniaturization
and integration advances from which signal-
processing integrated circuits have benefited. In an
effort to miniaturize power components
piezoelectric, rather than magnetic transformer
could be employed in the power supplies. Utilization
of piezoelectric transformers in power electronics
became possible since new piezoelectric materials
have recently been grandly developed that exhibit
improved piezoelectric ceramic characteristics. In
the past few decades, piezoelectric transformers
have been developed and used widely in many
applications, such as DC/DC converters, adapters,
and electronic ballasts for fluorescent lamps. The
unique nature of the piezoelectric transformer
offers the opportunity for innovative circuit design
such as operating above resonance for inductive
behavior to achieve soft switching without
compensating inductors.


If the only factors restricting the configurations of a polymer molecule are the constancy of the C-C-C bond angle, and the existence of a potential hindering free rotation about C-C bonds, stereospecific polymers of the type (CHX)N are simple Markoff chains but the stereospecific vinyl polymers (CH2CHX)N are not. These vinyl polymers are examples of Markoff chains with a periodic transition probability. The eigenvalue theory of such chains is briefly discussed.


The invention relates to a detection device of an oscilloscope, in particular to a peak detection device which aims at solving the problem that the storage depth of the oscilloscope cannot meet the glitch capturing requirement. The peak detection device for meeting the glitch capturing requirement of the oscilloscope comprises an FPGA internal phase-locked loop, a program external phase-locked loop, a control module clock, an ADC, an LVDS receiver, a data storage module clock and a 20M active crystal oscillator. The FPGA internal phase-locked loop is connected with the program external phase-locked loop, the control module clock and the 20M active crystal oscillator respectively. The control module clock is connected with the program external phase-locked loop, the program external phase-locked loop is connected with the ADC in a series mode, and the ADC is connected with the data storage module clock through the LVDS receiver. The peak detection device for meeting the glitch capturing requirement of the oscilloscope solves the problem that the storage depth of the oscilloscope cannot meet the glitch capturing requirement.


India has witnessed a significant growth in Business Management Education in the past seven decades. In India, the business management education has been considered as the most acceptable among students with its interdisciplinary nature. Business Schools are the educational institution that moulds and cultivate management professionals to face the challenges of the competitive corporate world. Faculty members base this progression. Faculty members who are credible and capable to transform students from one level to the next level of excellence are an indispensible element in the education sector. Academicians who are deficient in motivation, commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour can have a negative impact on the student's learning and development. Highest attrition rate among faculty members is one of the major issues that business schools face (Rao T.V, 2014). Organisational culture can play a major role in developing behaviour outcomes such as motivation, satisfaction, organisational commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour among the organisational members, all being widely recognized as important determinants of organisational performance (Kralewski et al., 1996). Kerala, the most literate state in India, has 91% literacy rate. Education in the field of management education has been given greatest importance in the state. Kerala has a total of 166 colleges that offer Bachelor of business administration in full-time and part-time. The state has been flourishing in Business Management education with more than hundred Post graduate Business schools also.


The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between differences in perceptions of mothers and fathers and self-concept and symptoms of depression, respectively, in 69 youth with epilepsy. Multiple regression was used to test whether the absolute difference scores between mothers' and fathers' perceptions of family adaptive resources, stigma, their children's negative coping behaviors, and their attitudes toward epilepsy were predictors of child self-concept and depression after adjusting for epilepsy severity, children's attitudes toward epilepsy, and children's ratings of family adaptation. Only the mother-father differences related to children's negative coping behaviors significantly predicted children's self-concept and depressive symptoms. Findings suggest that differences in perceptions related to children may be more highly associated with the children's outcomes than differences related to family characteristics or the children's illness.


We, the executive committee of GLADD (the Association of LGBTQ+ Doctors and Dentists), have profound concerns about the High Court's judgment that children under 16 are unlikely to be competent to consent to the administration of puberty blockers.1 As a community of LGBTQ+ clinicians, we have personal and professional apprehension for the young trans people of this country.

Firstly, we are concerned for the safety and wellbeing of current young trans patients …


The environmental Non- Government Organizations( NGOs) in China have experienced three steps,namely,the rising step,growing step and mature step. They have four operation modes,including attracting media attention,publishing publications,awaking the public consciousness,and urging the Government and business cooperation. Their activities have played a positive role and effected on many aspects,such as raising public environmental awareness in our society,developing social supervision, safeguarding the public environment interest,protecting biodiversity,and promoting green economy. But now,the further development of NGOs in China has been limited by some factors,such as the difficult registration,poor finance,lagging organization and slight effects. By comparing the characteristics of environmental NGOs between Foreign countries and China,we know that there is a big gap between them,so environmental NGOs in China should learn from the experiences abroad,improve their abilities,and make contributions to the environmental protection under the condition of civilization construction.


This paper interrogates some artistic positions taken by Adaobi Nwaubani in projecting leadership issues in I Do Not Come to You by Chance. The paper notes that in spite of the enormity of critical attention on leadership in African critical space, bulk of the critical materials center around the ineptitude of African leaders and its consequent underdevelopment of African societies and the suffering of the mass. Literary critics hardly pay attention to those artistic positions through which authors project leadership issues in their texts. It is against this backdrop that this paper is dedicated for interrogation of some aspects of literary techniques, through which Nwaubani addresses leadership issues in her text. The work reveals how the author uses characterization and setting to expose the corrupt nature of most political leaders in Nigeria, their gluttony, and the deteriorating nature of some public institution. It has also revealed the complicit roles played by former colonial masters, and world institutions in entrenching criminality in Africa, especially in the Nigerian leadership. The paper concludes that both contents and form are very critical in understanding a literary work and so, an analysis of one at the expense of the other may scuttle the totality of the import of the issues authors raise in their texts.


ABSTRACT We describe, for the first time, a detailed electroporation procedure for Lactobacillus delbrueckii. Three L. delbrueckii strains were successfully transformed. Under optimal conditions, the transformation efficiency was 104 transformants per μg of DNA. Using this procedure, we identified several plasmids able to replicate in L. delbrueckii and integrated an integrative vector based on phage integrative elements into the L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus chromosome. These vectors provide a good basis for developing molecular tools for L. delbrueckii and open the field of genetic studies in L. delbrueckii.


The present invention relates to a texture process of microalgal biomass powder, steps of: (a) water, microalgae powder, and the step of turning on the vegetable protein source in the solid-liquid mixer optionally, (b) the content of the solid-liquid mixer a step of homogenizing emulsified things, optionally (c), comprising the step of the inner space of the mixer to the low pressure or vacuum. .BACKGROUND


The impulse grounding impedances of a grounding system are directly related to the surge breakdown properties of soil. Surge tests were performed on horizontal grounding electrodes buried in a huge sandpond with a diameter of 5 m. Sensitive papers were buried around the electrodes to obtain the breakdown region. The influential factors in surge breakdown of soil were analyzed, such as soil resistivity, burial depth of the electrodes and surface density of the surge current. The relationship between the average thickness and the surface density of the surge current around the electrodes was observed, and can be classified into two regions. The relationship between the average thickness and the soil resistivity can be divided into three regions which were related to the conductivities of the soil. The shallower the burial depth of the electrodes, the more serious the effect of ground to the discharging region and the larger the deformation of the breakdown region.


ABSTRACT Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6) is a neurodegenerative disease that results from abnormal expansion of a polyglutamine (polyQ) repeat. SCA6 is caused by CAG triplet repeat expansion in the gene CACNA1A, resulting in a polyQ tract of 19-33 in patients. CACNA1A, a bicistronic gene, encodes the α1A calcium channel subunit and the transcription factor, α1ACT. PolyQ expansion in α1ACT causes degeneration in mice. We recently described the first Drosophila models of SCA6 that express α1ACT with a normal (11Q) or hyper-expanded (70Q) polyQ. Here, we report additional α1ACT transgenic flies, which express full-length α1ACT with a 33Q repeat. We show that α1ACT33Q is toxic in Drosophila, but less so than the 70Q version. When expressed everywhere, α1ACT33Q-expressing adults die earlier than flies expressing the normal allele. α1ACT33Q causes retinal degeneration and leads to aggregated species in an age-dependent manner, but at a slower pace than the 70Q counterpart. According to western blots, α1ACT33Q localizes less readily in the nucleus than α1ACT70Q, providing clues into the importance of polyQ tract length on α1ACT localization and its site of toxicity. We expect that these new lines will be highly valuable for future work on SCA6. Summary: The spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6) protein, α1ACT, causes polyglutamine length-dependent toxicity and aggregation in new Drosophila transgenic lines, opening the door for additional studies of this disease.


About 100 nursing students have been removed from a hospital after the Nursing and Midwifery Council was alerted to 'serious concerns'.


Anodization of titanium in a fluorinated glycol and H2O electrolyte was investigated.The prepared anodic film had nanotube-array architecture with 0.9-36 μm tube length.We discuss in details the influence of anodic voltage,anodic time and electrolyte composition on the structure of titania nanotubes.The result showed that TiO2 nanowires with a diameter of 20nm and a length up to several micron only can be synthesized in NH4F/glycol solution with a small amount of water(glycol∶H2O=39∶1),60V anodic voltage and 2h anodic time.The nanowires originated from the vertical splitting of anodically grown nanotubes.


To mark South Texas Law Review's 50th anniversary, this essay celebrates the law review's past and looks ahead to how the law review, and law reviews generally, might survive and flourish in the emergent online world.


2619 Background: Syk and Jak appear to have independent but cooperative roles in promoting the survival of certain B cell malignancies. Syk is upstream of BTK and PI3K on the B cell antigen recepto...