We read with great interest the thorough and informative review by Aminkeng et al. [4] addressing the possibility that genetic screening may reduce the rate of anthracyclineinduced cardiotoxicity (ACT). Predictors of anthracycline toxicity including genetic predisposing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and biomarkers are lacking in the clinical setting. Therefore, the identification of reliable genetic predictors of ACT, as described by Aminkeng and colleagues [4], would be broadly welcomed as the beginning of personalised, genomic-based management of long-term cardiotoxicity. However, we contend that more evidence supporting the utility of these markers for patient stratification is required before clinical guidelines can be issued. Aminkeng and colleagues [4] describe a number of genetic variants and recommend that genomic testing for RARG rs2229774 (S427 L), SLC28A3 rs7853758 (L461 L) and UGT1A6 rs17863783 (V209 V) be performed for paediatric childhood cancer patients receiving doxorubicin or daunorubicin. Importantly, the evidence to support this is defined as "moderate evidence reflecting a reduced confidence in scientific evidence and expert opinion". Moreover, these three genetic variants have only an association or correlation with the incidence of ACT within a particular patient cohort, and there is no functional validation of causation. The genetic variants of SLC28A3 rs7853758 and UGT1A6 rs17863783 in particular require further validation since neither alter protein-coding for these genes, and UGT1A6 rs17863783 is intronic in some alternate transcripts. There are other potential explanations for an apparent contribution to anthracycline cardiotoxicity including altered RNA splicing, or the SNP being representative of a haplotype that includes variants that do alter protein function [5, 6]. Neither SLC28A3 nor UGT1A6 variants create splice acceptor or donor sites and so do not result in alternate transcripts. Furthermore, we note that neither SLC28A3 nor UGT1A6 are expressed in the heart, which suggests that their contribution to cardiotoxicity is not related to direct effects in cardiac tissue. Without complete functional studies, the downstream effects of SLC28A3 and UGT1A6 synonymous SNPs and their clinical impact remains speculative. Care must be taken when determining the clinical significance and utility of these genetic variants. The mechanisms of anthracycline pharmacodynamics and metabolism are complex. We are concerned about clinical recommendations arising from these studies including the suggestions for longterm follow-up for high-, moderateand low-risk patients. More particularly, there is the potential for alteration of dosage scheduling based on insufficient genetic evidence. This could result in potentially under-dosing in patients with these alleles. Thus, whilst we strongly support the identification of genetic predictors of anthracycline toxicity, without sufficient validation of the functional effects of these variants, it is premature to suggest that patient care, particularly late effect screening and upfront changes in therapy, be considered. With the ever-reducing cost of large-scale genetic analysis British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Br J Clin Pharmacol (2017) 83 1141–1142 1141


The titled compounds 3a-r have been synthesized by the reaction of 3-methoxy-9-carboxy phenothiazine, formaldehyde and arylamine in the presence of hydrochloric acid (Mannich reaction). The biological activity of these compounds have been determined againsts various Gram +ve, Gram -ve bacteria and fungi. The constitution of the products are supported by IR, PMR and elemental analysis.


This paper investigates the performance of speaker-independent (SI) acoustic hid-den-Markov-models (HMMs) trained with a huge Japanese speech database, and discusses the e(cid:14)ciency and task-independency involved. The database consists of read and spontaneous speech uttered by 3,771 speakers. The speech involves wide distributions with respect to region and age to capture the Japanese speech characteristics as best as possible. Recognition experiments using the spontaneous speech show that task-independent acoustic models can be created when training data with a huge number of speakers is available.


An effect that is an analogue to the Vavilov-Cherenkov effect in a uniform space would be observed in a space with a boundary of well reflecting light metal-dielectric. The main difference is in that quanta of some electron volt would be excited by an electron of energy of some tens of electron volts. This would become possible because the surface plasmon velocity is very small as compared with the velocity of waves of a uniform space. Beetwen excited plasmons there is a plasmon with a linear momentum as high as the doubled initial momentum of the electron.


Objective: To discuss the effect of using comprehensive accessing chart in clinical teaching. Methods: The comprehensive accessing chart was used in clinical teaching and the comprehensive ability of nursing students was estimated. Results: The use of comprehensive accessing chart made the teacher adjust the teaching method and got good result in teaching. Conclusion: The comprehensive accessing chart was an effective way to improve clinical teaching.


In recent years, there has been a resurgence in methods that use distributed (neural) representations to represent and reason about semantic knowledge for robotics applications. However, while robots often observe previously unknown concepts, these representations typically assume that all concepts are known a priori, and incorporating new information requires all concepts to be learned afresh. Our work relaxes this limiting assumption of existing representations and tackles the incremental knowledge graph embedding problem by leveraging the principles of a range of continual learning methods. Through an experimental evaluation with several knowledge graphs and embedding representations, we provide insights about trade-offs for practitioners to match a semantics-driven robotics applications to a suitable continual knowledge graph embedding method.


This research is based on the NCBI's NO. AK062094,OsRZ3 gene,and uses it to design specific primer. Then through adding the cDNA's full length genome by RT-PCR,nucleotide sequencing,and compare the homology of nucleotide to show C2HC-zinc finger domain. Analyze and forecast protein molecular mass-34kD and isoelectric point is 9. 05; Arabidopsis protoplast the cytoplasm location detect indicates it is in the nucleus. Structure pGEX6P-3: : OsRZ3 fusion vector,transformation of electrical Escherichia coli BL21( DE3)bacterial strain is induced by 1 mmol·L- 1IPTG,SDS-pAGEX protein electrophoresis to show it can reach the maximum 60 kD fusion protein through 4 hours; in LB liquid culture,0. 5 mmol·L- 1IPTG is induced and express. We can get a lots of fusion protein through GST adsorption column. 1L bacterial suspension can induce and purify to concentration 1. 58 mg · mL- 1inclusion body fusion protein. The system of fusion protein pronucleus can express pGEX6P-3: : OsRZ3 fusion protein,0. 5 mmol·L- 1IPTG is induced,we get a lots of fusion protein through GST adsorption column. This is the basis of further antibody preparation and chromatin co-immunoprecipitation and the DNA combine.


Zenker diverticulum is rare and symptoms of diverticulum are atypical. This is most commonly sen at the Killians triangle. weakness of the wal. Treatment is surgical via an endoscopic or external approach. Previous external approaches are associated with high com-plication rates and morbidity. We report a new external surgical approach using the gastrointestinal autostapler (GIA) instrument.(Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg 2008 ;51 :292-5)


To explore the impact of the fishing moratorium on fish stocks, some parameters and environmental factors were monitored downstream of Gezhouba Dam in April, June and August of 2013. Fish density and target length were get using hydro-acoustics (DIDSON). The results indicated that the fish density distributions in April, June and August were significantly different. The fish density decreased with time but kept a level that was close and steady in April and June. The average fish density of April was significantly greater than that in August (P<0.05). The percentage of fish target length distribution was consistent in time and space. In the study, the hydraulic and environmental factors were not the main reasons for the decrease of fish density and target body length in the spatial and temporal scale. Overfishing was the main cause and the fishing moratorium was substantially effective for keeping the sustainability of the fish resources in the adjacent areas of Gezhouba Dam.


Analyzing natural signals constitutes the main tool for characterization of physical phenomena. Underwater channel is an example of a natural environment potentially characterized by signals generated by various sources : underwater mammals, human activity noise, etc. In order to efficiently exploit the information from these signals two major problems should be addressed. First, since the signals are unknown or disturbed by unpredictable factors, we are deal with a blind processing context. That is, the lack of a priori hypothesis has to be considered. Generally, the signal has a complex shape characterized by multi‐component non‐linear time‐frequency structures. The proposed solution consists in focusing our processing on non‐parametric time‐frequency analysis considering also fundamental signal items such as time‐frequency energy and local phase analysis. The second problem is related to the complex connection between physical parameters of a phenomenon and parameters of signals characterizing this phe...


In this article,the concept and significance of subject librarians have been illustrated.For per- fecting the responsibilities and overcoming the shortcomings,the Blog is introduced to the subject librarians' work.Based on the Blog' s concept and features,the feasibility and contents of the Blog application in sub- ject librarians have been analyzed.As a new method for subject librarians' work,its promoted effect is also discussed in this article.


The main ISH event in January was a MMM investigator meeting held at a hotel strategically located between London Gatwick and Heathrow airports and thereby providing easy access for representatives from 50 countries who took part in MMM17 to f ly to the meeting. In total 76 delegates attended the meeting at which the results of MMM so far were presented and discussed. Equally importantly, the details of the MMM18 campaign were thrashed out with a view to improving the quality and possibly to a lesser extent, the quantity of the data.


The objectives of this research were: 1) to analyze household characteristics in Village Ulu Krui and Village Laay; 2) to analyze knowledge, attitude and pratices of household in water using; 3) to analyze the chemical charactistic of water; and 4) to analyze relation between knowledge and river water usage. The research design is cross sectional. Data was collected by interviewing respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inference statistics. Twenty nine housewife in Village Ulu Krui and twenty housewife in Village Laay were participated as respondents. Results of this research found that the average of family member was four people. Husband age was ranged from twentyfive to seventy three years old. The average of the husband age was fourty four years old. The wife age were range from twenty one to seventy three years old. The average of the wife age was fourty years old. The modus of education of husband was elementry school. The modus of occupation of husband was farmer and farmworker. The level of knowledge in river water usage was low, the level of attitude was moderate, the level of pratices using the river water was good.


In 1908 Voronoi conjectured that every convex polytope which tiles space face-to-face by translations is affinely equivalent to the Dirichlet-Voronoi polytope of some lattice. In 1999 Erdahl proved this conjecture for the special case of zonotopes. A zonotope is a projection of a regular cube under some affine transformation. In 1975 McMullen showed several equivalent conditions for a zonotope to be a space tiling zonotope, i.e. a zonotope which admits a face-to-face tiling of space by translations. Implicitly, he related space tiling zonotopes to a special class of oriented matroids (regular matroids). We will extend his result to give a new proof of Voronoi's conjecture for zonotopes using oriented matroids. This enables us to distinguish between combinatorial and metrical properties and to apply the fact that oriented matroids considered here have an essentially unique realization. Originally, this is a theorem due to Brylawski and Lucas. By using oriented matroid duality we interpret a part of McMullen's arguments as an elegant geometric proof of this theorem in the special case of real numbers.


An efficient protocol for in vitro flowering of Spilanthes acmella Murr., a medicinally valuable plant, has been developed. Multiple shoot formation of up to 4 shoots was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with BAP (1.0 mg/l). Regenerated shoots were subcultured cultured on MS medium containing various concentrations of BAP alone or in combination with IAA. Presence of BAP in the culture medium was observed to be absolutely essential for induction of flower. Maximum percentage (50 %) of flower induction occurred when regenerated shoots were cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/l) + IAA (0.5 mg/l) under photoperiod of 16/8 h (light/dark cycle).The 3-week intervals for three consecutive subcultures on this medium were efficient for flower induction. The regenerated shoots rooted best on 1/2 MS medium containing IBA (1.0 mg/l). Rooted plantlets were hardened and established in pots with 70% survival rate.


APOA5 -1131T . C and S19W single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been consistently associated with plasma lipid concentration and metabolic syndrome (MetS), alone and in modulation by dietary factors. Puerto Ricans have a high prevalence of metabolic conditions and highminor allele frequency for these SNP, suggesting a possible role in disease for this population.We aimed to determine the association ofAPOA5 -1131T.C and S19Wwith plasma lipids andmarkers of MetS, alone and in interaction with total fat intake, as a percent of total energy intake, in Puerto Ricans. Anthropometric and demographic data, FFQ, and blood samples were collected at baseline from participants in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (n = 802, 45–75 y). APOA5 S19W was associated with plasma HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (P = 0.044); minor allele carriers had lower HDL-C [1.126 0.03 (mean6 SE)] than thosewith the common variant (1.186 0.01mmol/L), even after adjustment for plasma triglycerides (TG) (P = 0.012). Neither polymorphism was associated with TG or other lipids. Interaction of the -1131T.C SNPwith total fat energy intakewas observed for plasma TG (P = 0.032) and total cholesterol (P = 0.034). APOA5 S19W interacted with total fat intake in association with systolic (P = 0.002) and diastolic (P = 0.007) blood pressure. Neither SNP was associated with MetS in the overall analysis or after stratifying by total energy intake as fat. In conclusion, Puerto Ricans present a distinctive lipid profile in association with APOA5 polymorphisms. Dietary fat intake seems to modulate these associations. The results contribute to the understanding of health disparities in this population. J. Nutr. 139: 2301–2308, 2009.


Immigrants' participation in the French labor market has been a salient research topic, often depicted as a major criterion for assessing the integration process within the host society or as a pointer for various types of discrimination. Based on such conceptualisations, many studies revealed important dissimilarities between immigrants and other population categories regarding their employment/unemployment rates, their occupational status, or their promotion chances. However, the trajectories leading towards the labor market participation as observed at one single point in time have rarely been studied, due to limited availability of longitudinal data. Consequently, this study uses data from the French "Histoire de vie" survey to compare - for women and men - immigrants' occupational histories to those of non immigrants. It then restricts the analysis to the immigrant sample and examines occupational transitions experienced at migration, comparing the labor market trajectories lived before and after arriving in France.


Under the development of economic globalization and information technology, cultural industries has gained rapid development, and the traditional economic model has been greatly influenced; as far as the developed countries are concerned, the benefits received by the culture industries has exceeded that by many traditional manufacturing industries and the culture industries have become the pillar industry of the national economy. In the context of globalization, the development level of film and television industry as an important branch of modern art directly reflects the strength of the national cultural industry. While China is rich in cultural resources, its development in the film and television industry is still lagging, and the quality of the film and TV series it produces is relatively low despite the great quantity and high box office. To solve this problem requires making a comparative study on Chinese and western film and TV industries. To this end, this paper firstly presents the differences between the development of Chinese and western film and TV industries, analyzes the factors influencing the development of such industries, puts forward reasons for such differences, and summarizes the problems and the relevant reasons of China's film and television industry.


This work describes a literature review on medical treatment for uncomplicated ectopic pregnancy and reports a case successfully treated with methotrexate utilizing a combined technique. If the diagnosis of cornual ectopic pregnancy is established before rupture occurs surgery is not advisable because subsequent reanastomosis does not give good results. Routine sonography early in pregnancy permits suspicion and diagnosis of uncomplicated ectopic pregnancy. Despite diagnostic advances radical surgery is still the most common treatment because in most cases the patient consults only after some complication has occurred. The best candidates for medical treatment are those with good compliance who have asymptomatic uncomplicated ectopic pregnancy and serum human chorionic gonadotropin sub-B levels under 5000 mUI/ml with a size under 4 cm and no LCF (+) in transvaginal sonography. The IM dose of methotrexate is 1 mg/kg. In the presence of LCF (+) methotrexate treatment has a high failure rate and surgery is indicated. In the case described there were no side effects to the drug or rupture of the ectopic pregnancy. Two doses of methotrexate were given. HCG levels and transvaginal ultrasound were done weekly for the first month and later monthly. HCG values and the cornual ectopic formation slowly declined. A final diagnostic hysteroscopy five months after the end of treatment revealed a proliferative endometrium. Oral contraceptives were administered during the entire period of treatment.


For a graded poset P we define the k-sparse order complex Δ k (P ). We show that Δ k (P ) is shellable whenever P is shellable. In that case, the homotopy type of Δ k (P ) is determined by some entries of flag hvector of P .


This paper considers the design of optimal resource allocation policies in wireless communication systems, which are generically modeled as a functional optimization problem with stochastic constraints. These optimization problems have the structure of a learning problem in which the statistical loss appears as a constraint, motivating the development of learning methodologies to attempt their solution. To handle stochastic constraints, training is undertaken in the dual domain. It is shown that this can be done with small loss of optimality when using near-universal learning parameterizations. In particular, since deep neural networks (DNNs) are near universal, their use is advocated and explored. DNNs are trained here with a model-free primal-dual method that simultaneously learns a DNN parameterization of the resource allocation policy and optimizes the primal and dual variables. Numerical simulations demonstrate the strong performance of the proposed approach on a number of common wireless resource allocation problems.


Behavioral avoidance of copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and a Cu and Co mixture in soft water differed greatly between rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha). Chinook salmon avoided at least 0.7 μg Cu/L, 24 μg Co/L, and the mixture of 1.0 μg Cu/L and 0.9 μg Co/L, whereas rainbow trout avoided at least 1.6 μg Cu/L, 180 μg Co/L, and the mixture of 2.6 μg Cu/L and 2.4 μg Co/L. Chinook salmon were also more sensitive to the toxic effects of Cu in that they failed to avoid ≤44 μg Cu/L, whereas rainbow trout failed to avoid ≤180 μg Cu/L. Furthermore, following acclimation to 2 μg Cu/L, rainbow trout avoided 4 μg Cu/L and preferred clean water, but chinook salmon failed to avoid any Cu concentrations and did not prefer clean water. The failure to avoid high concentrations of metals by both species suggests that the sensory mechanism responsible for avoidance responses was impaired. Exposure to Cu concentrations that were not avoided could result in lethality from prolonged Cu exposure or in impairment of sensory‐dependent behaviors that are essential for survival and reproduction.


Abstract Moving from graduate school into an academic reference position can be a difficult transition. A new environment, a variety of new people and the challenge of meeting expectations can quickly become overwhelming. This article reviews the pertinent literature and relates the relevant experiences of two reference librarians during their first three years in professional positions. Topics addressed include: reference service, collection development, committee work, relating to faculty and colleagues, professional development and understanding set procedures while striving to be innovative in the workplace.


In order to solve the problem of data exchange between heterogeneous systems with semantic aspect, combined with the latest requests of systems integration, such as loose coupling, expansibility, business restructuring, platform independence, the heterogeneous systems integration framework based on ontology theory and Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) architecture is brought out. The framework is founded on the data model which based on 3-tier ontology structure, and the mapping among ontologies is founded by defining kinds of relations. The functions such as data querying, data exchange are provided by the framework. The service-oriented integration framework is built by using ESB architecture, and the systems could use these functions through calling service. The new demands could be achieved through the service reorganization.


In this study, it is aimed to determine the fish consumption preferences and the social, cultural, economic factors affecting the fish consumption Kayseri province. The data obtained through surveys applied face to face interviews with 529 participants chosen with simple random sampling method were used in the study. Some data of the study were presented as descriptive, and the effect of gender, evaluated through Independent T-test, marital status, income and education level on fish consumption was evaluated by means of One Way Anova. As a result, the mean age of the consumers was 39.1±12.2 and the number of the family members was 4.1±1.3. It has been determined that monthly average income is 3.399±2.599 TL and less fish is consumed in the low income (1000-2000 TL / month) group (P<0.05). In addition, 79.2% of the respondents were married and consumed more fish (P<0.05). It was determined that fish consumption increased in parallel with the education level of consumers (P<0.05). In the study, the first consumption preference was red meat with 53.1%, followed by white meat with 35.8% and fish meat with 11.1%. Almost all (95.5%) consumers stated that they reached the fish easily and 52.4% stated that the fish prices were normal. Among the reasons for fish meat being preferred in consumption is that it is the most delicious (47.3%) as well as its high nutritional value (43.5%). Anchovy is the most preferred (61.1%) fish type in Kayseri, while the amount of fish consumption per capita is calculated as 5.56 ± 4.4 kg/year. Most of the consumers (71.5%) reported that increasing their income will not affect fish consumption and 28.5% will increase. In conclusion, the average fish consumption in Kayseri province is close to Turkey's average, and the consumption level is thought to be positively affected by marital status, education level and income level.


An appropriate site selection is one of the most crucial decisions need to be fulfilled by project development team in the preliminary phase of construction projects. In this study, 6 potential sites for a residential construction were ranked in Pendik district of İstanbul. An AHP Rating model was applied to obtain rankings with respect to Total Floor Area, Market Value, Environmental Position and Legal Status criteria. Data of each alternative were collected from national Geographic Information System for every criterion. According to results, "Environmental Position" is found to be the most important criterion in serving the goal as well as "Comfort" is found to be the most important sub-criterion within Environmental Position. Thanks to the applied model, it was taught that the firm was able to ensure the long-term customer benefits and gained a remarkable competitive advantage.


Launched in August 2020, the Oxford Brain Health Centre (BHC) is the UK's first psychiatry‐led joint clinical‐research service providing high‐quality assessments and increasing research opportunities for patients with memory problems. By embedding research in the NHS service, the BHC aims to address gaps between clinical practice and research advances into dementia. This abstract describes the first 60 referrals from the BHC pilot.


This paper performs to research in detail the Epson Expression 10000XL scanner for photographic astroplate archive of the Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute (UBAI) of the Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences. For processing the astroplates, it is used special developed software in the LINUX/MIDAS/ROMAFOT. The test plate was digitized with grayscale 8 and 16 bits with various scanner resolutions. Astronomical and photometric parameters were carried out from the plate and an evaluation of the developed method accuracy for determining rectangular coordinates and photometry. The repeatability of astrometric and photometric errors of the scanner for the digitized resolutions, 6 successive scans of every plate with a spatial resolution 600, 900, 1200, 1500, 1800, 2100, 2400 and 2540 dpi were processed.


Ten factors which may a!ect the behavior of Microcerotermes crassus Snyder were evaluated in this study. "e factors include: disturbance, crushed workers or soldiers (nestmates or non-nestmates), crushed Asian subterranean termites (Coptotermes gestroi [Wasmann]), crushed longlegged ants (Anoplolepis gracilipes (Smith)), crushed Ghost ants (Tapinoma indicum Forel), crushed millipedes (Harphaphe sp.) and crushed wood lice (Porcellionides sp.). "e distribution of M. crassus was recorded between treated and untreated areas on day 1 and day 6 post-treatment. Observations show that disturbances or the presence of carcasses only deterred the termites temporarily. However, prolonged treatment with crushed C. gestroi showed that termites avoided the treated area even at 6 days post-treatment. Initially, M. crassus was probably deterred from the treated area temporarily because of the presence of C. gestroi carcasses. However, repeated treatments soon lead to fungi growth on the wood blocks and carcasses, rendering the area and the food un#t for the termites. Survival was also lowest in dishes treated with crushed C. gestroi which could be attributed to the presence of fungi. Termites consumed less wood in the dishes containing or treated with crushed conspeci#cs (workers or soldiers of nestmates and non-nestmates), or with C. gestroi. M. crassus either consumed the carcasses or buried them with sand.


his volume deals with the issue of the management of solid waste, the T most serious problem for municipalities in India. Generally, municipalities are not able to provide satisfactory service to the people due to financial and institutional debility. Of the total waste generated, only about 70-90% is collected by municipalities and the rest lies unattended. Delhi alone produces about 6,500 tonnes of solid waste daily. If garbage in the unauthorised colonies is included, the figure goes up to 12,000 tonnes per day. The municipalities in Delhi collect only 4,000 tonnes daily. The wide gap between waste generation and collection has led to unhygienic conditions in the city.


ABSTRACT Combinatorial chemotherapy is necessary for the treatment of malaria. However, finding a suitable partner drug for a new candidate is challenging. Here we develop an algorithm that identifies all of the gene pairs of Plasmodium falciparum that possess orthologues in yeast that have a synthetic lethal interaction but are absent in humans. This suggests new options for drug combinations, particularly for inhibitors of targets such as P. falciparum calcineurin, cation ATPase 4, or phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase.


s: In many parts of the developing nations flexible road constructions are made without due to consideration to drainage facilities due to cost implications and as such most of such pavements fail prematurely. The present study sought to buttress the importance of good drainage facilities as part of avenues to enhance pavement performance and life. The study focused on determining the impact that moisture will develop on pavement stiffness (dynamic modulus) under repeated loads. This involved simulating the effect of moisture on stiffness of flexible pavement using asphalt concretes prepared in the laboratory for low traffic volumes at varying frequencies of loading using Asphalt Institute and Witczak 1-40D Models. The results from the study revealed that flexible pavement when under moisture continuously loses bind-ability between the aggregates and asphalt cement therefore results in stripping of the pavement under repeated traffic loads due to reduction in stiffness (dynamic modulus).


Recent research interest in the performance of second language learners has neglected the area of phonology learning. This report on a longitudinal study shows the viability of using a sociolinguistic model of sound change for studying the process of learning a target language sound system. The model calls for a variability analysis of the phonetic diversity in the learner's speech. The example analysis shows that learners systematically alter their phonetic output in the direction of a particular target. Significantly, second language learners use the same mechanism found to be operative in native language speakers as they participate in the ongoing linguistic change of their speech community. This finding reveals the psycholinguistic unity of the general process of effecting change in phonological systems. Motivations are provided (1) for regarding the learner's performance as the product of a unique language system and (2) for regarding the system as consisting of variable rules. An example of such a rule is given in detail.


In this paper is presented an application built in Visual Basic 6.0 programming language for creating electronic test regarding the evaluation of students' knowledge for the subject of informatics in preuniversity level. The algorithm of the test model is created based on students' evaluation under the administrative guidance of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of Kosova. Following algorithm the test was created in hard copy and electronic form in different types. The creation/build of the application includes the subject layout, test design, algorithm design and algorithm testing. During the development of the test model in Visual Basic 6.0 the Interface is created, Editing Properties are adopted, Code has been written and Executed and as well as Application Program has been run. As a result the multiple models of electronic test can be developed for the module/subject of Informatics. The same methodology can be used to build application program to assess the knowledge of students in other modules or subjects.


Abstract The market efficiency of the US forest industry had evolved over the past decade. In this study, the entropy measurement, an econophysic approach, was applied to quantify the informational...


DOCUMENT RESUME EC 041 549 Lacey, David W. A National Survey of Career Development Programs in Residential Schools for the Deaf. National Technical Inst. for the Deaf, Rochester, N. Y. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Washington, D.C. Sep 71 29p. MF-$0.6E HC-$3.29 *Aurally Handicapped; Educational Programs; Educational Trends; *Exceptional Child Education; Manpower Needs; Professional Education; *Residential Schools; Statistical Data; *Surveys; *Vocational Education Surveyed were 66 residential schools for the deaf concerning career development programs at the schools, as perceived by superintendents. Comprehensive career development services, were seen to include vocational instructional programs, vocational counseling, vocational evaluation, referral services, and placement services. Statistical data obtained-covered current career development services in residential schools in 1970, projected career' development services for 1971-76, and superintendents' perceptions of projected professional manpower and training needs, including appropriate curricula and professional preparation for vocational teachers and counselors. Information obtained was related to implications of labor market trends for vocational curricula and employment of deaf persons. (KW) A NATIONAL SURVEY OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS in RESIDENTIAL SCHOOLS for the DEAF


A previously healthy 31-year-old woman presented with a 2-week history of progressive left hemiparesis. MRI (figure) demonstrated a 3 cm enhancing mass in the right posterior frontal white matter with several smaller lesions in …


The precontact Island communities of Torres Strait, unlike those of mainland Australia, were monolingual, not multilingual, although a small number of apparently bilingual men had responsibility for trade with the northern and southern mainlands. Today, however, there are few monolingual individuals or communities and, despite the imminent loss of one of the two regional indigenous languages, the present sociolinguistic Situation is considerably more complex than in precontact times. This complexity has arisen äs a response to changes in the Islanders' social identity, themselves the results of postcontact social, cultural, religious, and economic upheaval. Whereas many traditionally important structural oppositions continue to be mirrored through linguistic form, they are not necessarily expressed by means of the same language varieties äs in the past: the two indigenous languages continue to index island origin and traditional knowledge; pan-Islander consciousness and Torres Strait Islander ethnicity, both of which emerged this Century, are expressed through the use of an indigenized creole; and English signals formality of discourse, acquisition of prestige knowledge, and age stratification. The present sociolinguistic complexity is best understood äs the product of rational, self-interested responses to a changing environment. As individuals and members of kin-based, multiplex, and conformist communities, Islanders have accommodated linguistically to the transformations of their traditional custom, expressing and negotiating through language realignments of sociocultural practice and reconstructions of individual and social identity.


We have characterized the vaccinia virus 11‐kd late promoter through 5′ and 3′ deletions and site‐directed mutagenesis. The promoter function appears to be contained within an approximately 30‐bp fragment, which after translocation is able to direct RNA synthesis late in infection at a reduced level. We demonstrate that a TAAAT sequence in the proximal part of the promoter is essential for its function. This cis‐acting element is highly conserved within vaccinia virus late promoters and overlaps the site of transcription initiation. Deletions or mutations within this conserved element completely inactivate the promoter. The evidence indicates that the TAAAT motif functions as a TATA box. The region immediately upstream of the TAAAT motif determines the promoter strength.


Loneliness and social isolation have been linked with an increased risk of the development of chronic illness, however, the mechanisms driving this association remain unclear. One possible reason could be that they are linked with increased inflammation. Seven databases were searched by two reviewers for synonyms of "loneliness" and "inflammation". Inclusion criteria included a population of adults aged 16 or older, examining the association of loneliness or social isolation with an outcome of inflammation. Eleven studies were identified that examined loneliness and inflammation, of which six indicated a significant relationship. Thirteen studies were identified that examined social isolation and inflammatation, of which twelve noted a significant association. There was notable heterogeneity between studies for population studied, confounder control, study design, measures of loneliness or social isolation and inflammatory outcome. Implications of these results in terms of understanding the link between loneliness and social isolation with chronic illness will be discussed.


Myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate (MARCKS), a protein associated with cell growth, neurosecretion and macrophage activation, is activated by protein kinase C (PKC) phosphorylation. We reported that amyloid &bgr; protein (A&bgr;) activated MARCKS through a tyrosine kinase and PKC-&dgr; in rat cultured microglia. Here we report that A&bgr; signaling pathway through a specific PKC isoform is involved in the phosphorylation of MARCKS in Neuro2A cells. Selective PKC inhibitors but not tyrosine kinase inhibitors significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of MARCKS induced by A&bgr;. A&bgr; selectively activated PKC-&agr; among the four PKC isoforms localized in Neuro2A cells. PKC-&agr; activated by A&bgr; directly phosphorylated a recombinant MARCKS in vitro, Translocation of PKC-&agr; from the cytoplasm to the membrane and accumulation of phospho-MARCKS in the cytoplasm were induced by A&bgr;. These results suggest involvement of a phosphoinositide signaling system through PKC-&agr; in the phosphorylation of MARCKS in neurons, an event which may be associated with mechanisms underlying neurotrophic and neurotoxic effects of A&bgr;.


This paper introduces the plasma and its application in lnopganic synthesis,deposit porcelain membrane by means of chemical air,and denaturation of macromolecule materialsThis new method will be used in Chemical reaction


On 5 April 1934 the father general of the Society of Jesus in Rome wrote to the fathers provincial in America directing them "to organize a plan of concerted action against Communism as it exists and labors in your country."1 Tlie response to Father Ledochowski's request was swift. Under the direction of Father Edmund Walsh of Georgetown University, the Jesuits devised and implemented a fourteen point program of "practical and concerted action."2 The Jesuit call-to-arms signaled the begin ning of a colossal campaign by American Catholics against communism.


This study presents fatigue crack propagation experiments and the simulation used to estimate the life remaining in a crane that is currently in use at a port. The fatigue crack propagation experiments were performed by an Instron 8516 fatigue testing machine and the simulation was performed using the AFGROW software. The simulation results indicated that the critical size of the crack in the upper flange surface of the main jib was 107.4 mm and that it would take 818,000 cycles to reach that point. If the main jib of the crane undertakes 28,800 cycles per annum then its remaining lifespan should be 28.4 years.


test of modifying the properties of vertic material by using a ball milling technique was carried out with the primary aim to eliminate the vertic (swelling-shrinking) property and increase the electrical charge of the material. The clay fraction of Vertisol was dried and ball milled for 5, 10, and 20 minutes. Results reveal that the clay fraction of the soil material was dominated by montmorillonite mineral, and ball milling for > 5 minutes transformed the crystalline montmorillonite into amorphous (non-crystalline) particles. Those changes were followed by increasing the vertic features, cation exchange capacity, water holding capacity, and suspension effect of the milled material. The improvement of vertic characteristics might be due to the increase of electric charge of the milled particles. Thus, high-energy ball milling was an effective technique to improve the reactivity and vertic property of vertic material of Vertisols. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential uses of modified vertic materials as ceramic material, cement component, adsorbent of heavy metals, and other contaminants, or catalysator


Existing DGPS-based pose-fixing algorithms cannot solve the problem that GPS signals have no solution when they are disturbed and are easily affected by gross errors in GPS data. This paper proposes a carrier attitude measurement method based on RAEKF and DGPS, researches the attitude measurement principle of carrier phase differential GPS, analyzes the defects of existing pose determination algorithms, and proposes a RAEKF algorithm that is not affected by the lack of GPS data and gross errors. Improved GPS positioning accuracy and reliability. Preface The swing motion of the aircraft carrier will seriously affect the measurement accuracy of the ship-borne radar [1] [2] . DGPS has been widely used in attitude measurement. The core part of measuring the attitude of an aircraft carrier using DGPS is the attitude solution method [3] . At present, the commonly used attitude solution methods include three-parameter iterative least squares method, nine-parameter least squares method, and direct calculation method [4] . These three methods have common shortcomings. First, they are easily affected by gross errors in GPS data; the second is that when some GPS epoch data is missing, all three methods may be unsolvable. In order to solve these problems, this paper proposes a GPS pose-fixing algorithm based on RAEKZF. Coordinate System and Its Transformation Relationship Local Horizontal Coordinate System The origin l O of the local horizontal coordinate system is defined as the projected point on the deck of the aircraft carrier's swing motion center. The axis l X is parallel to the local horizontal plane and points to the east. The axis l Y is parallel to the local horizontal plane and points to the north. The axis l Z is perpendicular to l X and l Y directing upward, the coordinate ( , , ) l l l x y z of which is shown in Fig 1. Carrier Deck Coordinate System The origin d O of the aircraft carrier deck coordinate system is at the projected point on the deck of the aircraft carrier's swing motion center. The axis d Y is parallel to the aircraft carrier stern line and points to the stern. The axis d X is parallel to the aircraft carrier deck and perpendicular to d Y . The axis d Z is perpendicular to the deck plane. Coordinate System. This coordinate system is not an inertial coordinate system. It moves with the six-degree-of-freedom movement of the aircraft carrier, and the coordinates ( , , ) d d d x y z are represented by, as shown in Fig 1.


Incorporated with construction practice of Hou-Yun,Xin-Yuan,Chang-Jin,and Shen-Zhang etc highways,the reasons of main quality problems during panel construction were analyzed detailly and specific treating measurement and suggestion were proposed.


The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused more than 6.5 million deaths globally as of June 10, 2022. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has the greatest transmission rate and can cause hospitalization in vaccinated individuals. It has been the most distinct SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern to date. The existing inactivated vaccines made with the wild-type strain are less efficient to prevent disease and/or hospitalization associated with the Omicron variant, even after a booster dose. Hence, it is crucial to develop new vaccines that are effective against this variant. The objective of this study was to summarize the data on existing clinical trials for new COVID-19 vaccines formulated against Omicron variant. Clinical trials from the international clinical trials registry platforms were searched and analyzed. As of June 10, 2022, a total of 15 clinical trials are available consisting of six and nine clinical trials of inactivated and messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccine candidates containing the Omicron variant, respectively. Those trials are evaluating four inactivated and four mRNA-based vaccine candidates. Although Omicron-specific vaccines are highly desired, their development is challenging since the SARS-CoV-2 variant formation is still unpredictable. Although two vaccines from Pfizer and Moderna have been approved for emergency use in the US and the UK for Omicron variant, the Asian pharmaceutical companies such as CNBG (Sinopharm), Sinovac, and Shifa Pharmed also have Phase 3 clinical trials under development and almost all clinical trials are expected to be completed in 2023. These results should help guide academics and policymakers in the COVID-19 vaccine field regarding investments in updated booster doses against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.


A new mathematical model,the two-step diffusion model with three adjustable parameters,was developed based on the diffusion model and the lumped parameter model.Both internal diffusion resistance and solid solute internal wall resistance were considered to make the model a good description to supercritical fluid extraction(SFE)process.The supercritical CO2 extraction of clove oil is simulated.The comparison with the experimental data indicates that the values of AARD are between 2.33% and 19.48% under different experimental conditions,and the overall value of AARD is 8.09%.The experimental data for clove oil are also used to compare with the simulation by the diffusion model and the lumped model,and the overall values of AARD are 17.51%,8.13%,respectively,so the two-step diffusion model is better for simulating the process of supercritical CO2 extraction of clove oil.


Objective:To explore the sanitary microbiological control of sushi.Methods:Training the operators dealing with Sushi of specialty cabinet in Guangzhou 4 large supermarkets on HACCP and carrying through some modifying measures,in the meanwhile,selecting random samples and checking the sanitary indexes before and after carrying through modifying measures.Results:The difference in the qualified rates(32.8% and 82.2%) was significant(P=0.000) before and after modifying.Conclusions:To pay more education of operators for HACCP,it could significantly promote the sanitary quality of food.


Since the beginning of the 21st century, research about terrorism and its effects have taken an increasingly larger space within the field of Political Science. Studies focused on how terrorism aff ...


Summary Sir Roderick Murchison's Humboldtian belief in a close linkage between the sciences of geology and physical geography finds its best illustration in his prediction of the three-dimensional structure of Africa in 1852 from explorers' reports, fossil discoveries, and a theory of crustal uplift and fracturing elaborated by the Cambridge mathematician William Hopkins. From this remarkably accurate hypothesis and other theories which he had developed concerning the occurrence of coal and gold, Murchison concluded that exploitable deposits of economic minerals which might justify the foundation of a series of new British colonies could be systematically discovered around the continent's elevated rim. As the simultaneous President of the Royal Geographical Society and Director-General of the British Geological Survey, Murchison subsequently organized the dispatch of numerous scientific exploring expeditions to test his theory and reconnoitre commercial opportunities in Africa. While widening the frontier...


The characteristics of carbon‐glass resistance thermometers for temperatures from 2.15 to 320 K and in magnetic fields of up to 19 T are described. The results from nine thermometers made from six different batches of raw material are combined to produce mean values that may be used to correct a ''typical'' thermometer at 19 T to within ±0.1% in temperatures between 30 and 320 K, and to within ±1% between 2.15 and 30 K. All nine sensors show a small orientation dependence of their magnetoresistance at 77 K; two out of four tested have an experimentally significant dependence at 4.2 K. The temperature error corresponding to the magnetoresistance of a miniature precision platinum resistance thermometer at 19 T is less than for carbon‐glass sensors above 77 K. New recommendations are made for the optimum use of low‐temperature thermometers in high magnetic fields.


According to The characteristics of modern war, this paper mainly states the importance of inheriting and developing Mao Tsedong's thought on people's war in new situation, so as to meet the needs of military denelopment in future.


others would recommend adjuvant radiotherapy following surgery for all patients with non-metastatic MCC, not just for those with local nodal involvement as suggested by Gooptu and colleagues. The role for adjuvant chemotherapy is uncertain, and the future treatment of these patients may be aided by the formation of a register. The additional benefit in this case from the withdrawal of immunosuppression is not known, but may be worthy of consideration in cases arising in such patients.


Abstract This essay concludes the Special Section "Mesoamerican Cultural Astronomy and the Calendar." In it, the themes Special Section authors address are put into both an anthropological and an astronomical context.


At least part of the disagreement regarding the detailed appearance and behavior of the bacterial nucleus results from the inability of bacterial cytologists to evaluate objectively the various fixation and staining techniques currently available. Since cytologists studying bacterial nuclei do not have many methods which permit the collection of objective, quantitative data, their conclusions must, of necessity, be largely dependent on the subjective interpretation of limited samples of non-randomly selected cells. There exists then the very real danger that the conclusions drawn, especially from stained cells, may be a reflection of the investigator's preference for a particular technique or group of techniques and his conception, based on observations of other material, of what the bacterial nucleus should look like and how it should behave during division. It is desirable to use fixation and staining techniques for bacteria which have proven of value in studies of the nuclear structure of other organisms. It is also logical to extend to bacteria the mechanisms found to be valid for nuclear division in other forms. It is not, however, justifiable to transpose these techniques and interpretations to bacteria without a critical and objective evaluation of each of the steps involved. Other workers have demonstrated qualitatively that the means of fixation may affect the appearance of stained nuclear structures present in actively growing cells (Murray, 1953; Kellenberger, 1952; Guha, 1954; DeLamater, 1951). The present study evaluates several fixatives in an objective, quantitative manner based on the 1 From investigations supported jointly by Cornell University and the Atomic Energy Commission under Contract No. AT(30-1)-f244. 2 Present address: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. counting and classification according to shape of large random samples of Feulgen stained nuclear structures. For this purpose, a fixation an(d staining technique has been devised to serve as a reference to which other techniques are conmpared.


A review is presented of different scanning, acquisition and processing techniques used to obtain depth-resolved information in optical-coherence tomography (OCT). The principles and performances of different OCT techniques are discussed and images from different types of tissue are presented. Special attention is devoted to the progress in using the time-domain flying spot OCT technique and combination of the en face OCT imaging with confocal microscopy. Although OCT is based on white light interferometry, which is a well established and an old technology, the quest for higher resolution and faster acquisition of in vivo images has ensured OCT a rapid evolution in the last decade. Highly adventurous avenues to expand the OCT capabilities and trends are presented at the end of the review. Optical-coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive high-resolution imaging modality which employs non- ionizing optical radiation. OCT derives from low-coher- ence interferometry. This is an absolute measurement technique which was developed for high-resolution ranging and characterization of optoelectronic components (1, 2). The first application of low-coherence interferometry in the biomedical optics field was for the measurement of eye length (3). Adding lateral scanning to a low-coherence interferometer, allows depth resolved acquisition of three- dimensional (3D) information from the volume of biological material (4). The concept was initially employed


Ultra high strength steel(UHSS) has been used widely in automotive industry,and roll forming process is one of the effective forming technologies to produce UHSS profiled parts.This research conducted uniaxial tensile test,bending test and roll forming test,compared six kinds of ductile fracture criteria,and concluded that the six ductile fracture criteria could not provide a cracking critical value suitable for all kinds of sheet metal forming processes.According to the characteristics of roll forming process,Brozzo ductile fracture criterion was adopted to predict the fracture with the relative bending radius R/T=2 in the UHSS roll forming simulation.The simulation result agreed with the experimental result,which proved Brozzo ductile fracture criterion could be applied to UHSS roll forming process.


The article sums up the results of the project performed by the Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania together with the Lithuanian Art Museum and the Lithuanian Archives Department. They embody the most successful accomplishment of the long-cherished idea to unite archives, libraries and museums for a common goal – achieving integrity of Lithuanian cultural heritage in the changing world and improving its access. This project has drawn positive attention of Lithuanian state institutions, archivists, the museum and library communities, researchers and scientists.


This study aims to determine the role of the supervisor dormitory (Musyrifah) in shaping the character of students in the Al-Azhar Solo Baru student dormitory and its solutions. This study describes Musyrifah's persistence in shaping the character of students, including religious, honest, disciplined, responsible, and independent characters. The methods used to obtain data in this research are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study prove that the problem of Musyrifah in shaping the character of students is that students are still less disciplined and cannot be separated from several student factors, namely external factors and internal factors. This study found several roles of Musyrifah, including by always giving directions and admonitions to students, being a good role model for them, also very influencing them, and being open to each other in communicating. As well as cooperation between Musyrifah, parents, and the school to always support students when they are in the school environment and outside the school.


Commercial applications of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) continue to be plagued by reliability issues encountered during fabrication and operation. One of the most prevalent problems is the adhesion between adjacent components since adhesive forces are known to promote wear and defect-related failures. In extreme circumstances, the adhesion is large enough to prevent separation, a phenomenon commonly referred to as stiction-failure. The objective of current work is to determine analytically whether dynamic excitation may be used to repair stiction-failed cantilevers. This is accomplished by relating the structural dynamic response to the de-cohesion of stiction-failed micro-cantilever beams under various loading conditions.


It is shown that the standard qualitative representation is capable of expressing complete information about a large number of functional relationships among system variables. When considered together with the recent proof (Say and Doyuran, 1994) of the exact representabilit y of a superset of the rational numbers, this indicates that the standard representation is more powerful than commonly thought.


The release of trace pharmaceutical antibiotics into the environment can cause a major upset of an ecological balance. One of the promising technologies for treating antibiotic wastewater is the application of advanced oxidation processes. Method: Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) treatment was proposed as a pretreatment to remove ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, and cephalexin contaminants in a model of antibiotic wastewater. An averaged concentration of antibiotic contained in the first washed wastewater obtained from the major cleaning at the end of production was determined at approximately 10 μ g/mL. The model wastewater of antibiotic production was formulated at 60 μ g/mL of each antibiotics for safety reason and practical aspect of High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. H 2 O 2 concentrations were varied at 1 3 and 5% (w/v) and the incubation temperatures were set at 60 80 and 100 o C. E. coli culture at log 6 CFU/mL initial density were added to the treated wastewater to evaluate the remaining antibiotic toxicity and assess the biocidal and biostatic effects. The inhibitory effect of H 2 O 2 residues at the end of H 2 O 2 treatment was neutralized successfully by adding dried bakers' yeast to catalyze oxygen and water conversions. Result: Higher temperature, higher hydrogen peroxide concentration and longer hydrogen peroxide treatment time were the most effective to degrade antibiotic pollutants. The measurement of trace antibiotic at the end of H 2 O 2 treatment suggested the different degree of degradation recalcitrance following this order ceftazidime was provided better degradation than ceftriaxone and cephalexin respectively. At 100 o C, complete removal of antibiotics of 5% H 2 O 2 treatment was achieved within 30 min. Longer duration was required in the case of 1 and 3% H 2 O 2 treatment at 60 and 120 min, respectively. Strong oxidation condition (100 o C and 5% H 2 O 2 ) enabled instant removals of ceftriaxone and cephalexin. Hydroxyl radicals (•OH) was assumed to accelerate the fast degradation rate of antibiotic contaminants. Conclusion: Combined hydrogen peroxide and heat treatment has been successfully applied for the degradation of antibiotic wastewater, either to less harmful compounds or to their complete mineralization. The hydroxyl radical's availability was hypothesized to provide strong oxidation potency of this successful H 2 O 2 treatment scheme.


This research investigate the effect of corporate life cycles on capital structure decision and analyze whether capital structure that considering corporate life cycles influence the company's performance. Using manufacturing companies that listing in Jakarta Stock Exchange in 2006 this research found that : (1) corporate life cycle influence capital structure decision only in the big-size companies. The big-size firms use larger debt ratio when the companies enter into growth level of life cycle; (2) capital structure decision that considering corporate life cycles do influence the company's performance, when using cumulative abnormal return as a proxy of company's performance.In the big-size firms, the stockholders give negafive reaction to the increase of debt in the pioneering level of life cycles. In the medium-size firms, the stockholders give positive response to the increase of debt in the mature level of life cycles. In the small-size firms, the stockholders give positive response to the increase of debt in the growth level of life cycles. Capital structure decision that considering corporate life cycles do not influence the company's performance, when using return on investment as a proxy of company's performance. Keywords : Capital structure, Corporate life cycles, Firm-size, Firm performance


A study of ten Forest Panchayats in the Chamoli District of Garhwal Himalaya found that some have good management, high growing stock, high biodiversity and low degradation, while others are exactly the opposite in character. No simple explanation is apparent. Although degradation of forest is highest in areas of high population density, there is no relationship between size of forest and sustainability of management. On the other hand, poor management can be linked with: lack of cooperation between local people and government officials; lack of knowledge of the Forest Panchayats Act; lack of political will on the part of the government; lack of funding; poor enforcement of regulations; poor management by Panchayats; and lack of involvement of women.


The article deals with possibilities of quantitative description of legislation and its quantitative representation and then analyses especially on the example of the Czech legislation and its development in the 20 th century. First of all it describes the basic methodology especially specific operational variables used for this reason and in the next step it shows tablets with real data obtained by such analysis for the year 2010 and their comparison with the data and results of the analysis from last years.


Background Many researches cited that dyslalia is often associated with behavioral problems. However, the exact behavioral problems in the dyslalia children needs more researches. Aim The present study aimed to assess the different behavioral and psychological problems among children with dyslalia to help to provide an effective therapeutic strategy for these children. Methods The study was conducted on 80 children with different types of dyslalia diagnosed by Arabic Articulation Test (study group) and on 50 normal children (control group). The children's behavioral profile was assessed via the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL). Conclusion Results of the study showed that there were significantly higher percentage of children with dyslalia had delinquent behavior, lower competence level, activities level and school performance level. Also, there were significantly higher mean scores in nearly all the domains of the CBCL except for anxious/depression and social scores in the dyslalia group however, their scores did not reach the abnormal range. Articulation problems showed broad relations to behavioral problems (especially externalizing problems and competence levels). These findings suggests that psychologists and other mental health professionals can play many roles in working directly with families of children with dyslalia. Increased collaboration with phoniatricians and specialists can facilitate effective phoniatric and psychiatric care.


Most research in green IT tend to focus on the practices of large IT vendors and companies. There is therefore a need to examine the beliefs and actual behaviour of IT users about green IT, as it significantly impact of energy consumption and computer design on the broader society. The main question to be answered was ―Are IT users generally concerned with regards to green IT issues?‖. Therefore the main purpose of this study was thus to evaluate the beliefs and actual behaviour of IT users regarding green IT in South Africa through a survey that was completed by university students and lecturers. The paucity of available research on this subject pertaining to South Africa justifies the importance of conducting this study. A hypothesised research model based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) was used to evaluate the main factors contributing to green IT awareness in an empirical study. A mixed research method was used as the paradigm which combines aspects from both interpretive and positivist research approaches. A questionnaire was used to collect data from university students and lecturers. The data was captured and analysed for convergent validity. The reliability of measurement items was tested using Cronbach's alpha. Structural Equation Modelling was used to model latent variables under conditions of non-normality. Subjective norm was the main factor contributing to intended belief and actual behaviour.


The online quality inspection system is important for promotion the production and qualified rate of Tailored Welded Blanks. This paper, on the analysis of the principle of structured light vision, establishes a post-welding inspection system for calculating and detecting the geometric parameters and defects of weld in tailored blanks laser welding. Image processing and extraction algorithms of the laser profiles and feature points are presented. Experiment was conducted with the visual inspection system using structured light and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the method.


A vector boson W µ 1 with the quantum numbers ( 3 , 1) under SU (2) L × U (1) Y could in principle couple with the Higgs field via the renormalizable term W µ ∗ 1 HD µ H . This interaction is known to affect the T parameter and, in so doing, it could potentially explain the recent CDF measurement of the W-boson mass. As it is often the case with vectors, building a viable model with a W 1 gauge boson is non-trivial. In this work I will describe two variations of a minimal setup containing this field; they are based on an extended SO (5) × SU (2) × U (1) electroweak group. I will nevertheless show that interactions such as W µ ∗ 1 H∂ µ H are never generated in a Yang-Mills theory. A coupling between W 1 , H and another Higgs doublet H ′ is possible though. Finally, I will provide an explicit recipe for the construction of viable models with gauge bosons in arbitrary representations of the Standard Model group; depending on the quantum numbers, they may couple to pairs of Standard Model fermions, or to a Standard Model fermion and an exotic one.


The cochlear blood flow : an experimental study of control mechanisms and pharmacological effects using the laser Doppler and the microsphere surface methods


This article traces the circumstances of the return and beginnings of the Jesuits to Lahore, Pakistan after centuries of absence, to the establishment of the Jesuit Schools. Given the Socio-economic condition of Christians in Pakistan, and the proliferation and status of 'Private Schools' on the one hand and the low standard of the Public Schools in the country, on the other hand, the article argues that the Jesuit Schools are a service to the poor and the needy and not a 'business' as some Private Schools run by certain NGOs are. Further, it points out that given the Islamic context of the country, the Jesuit Schools contribute towards a better inter-religious relation which argues well for the future of the land.


ABSTRACT Most pre-European Polynesian societies were supported by intensive and elaborate cultivation systems. These systems were at the core of human adaptation and political maneuvering, being intimately tied to both the physical and cultural environment. However, our understanding of the development of and variation within Polynesian cultivation systems has been restricted by a lack of knowledge and discussion of key archipelagoes. One such archipelago is Samoa. Recent archaeological evidence, when combined with previous fieldwork, has resulted in an opportunity to explore questions of agricultural development in Samoa. We review these data here, and put them into regional and theoretical context. We argue that similar processes are apparent across the archipelago, notably involving risk management technology. Variation, though, is also apparent and it appears that the tempo and scale of intensification was not even. We argue that there is evidence of correlations between agricultural development and political change, and much of the infrastructural developments relating to cultivation might have played a role in changing socio-political structures. While this review provides new evidence of the complexity of Samoan cultivation practices, additional targeted research is necessary, especially on the island of Savai'i.


For urban watersheds, the storm sewer network provides indispensable data for flood modeling but often needs to be simplified to balance the conflict between the large amount of data and current computing power. The sensitivity of a flood simulation to the data precision of a storm sewer network needs to be explored to develop reasonable generalization strategies. In this study, the impact of using the stroke scaling method to generalize a storm sewer network on a flood simulation was analyzed in terms of the total inflow of the outfalls and flood results. The results of the three study basins showed that different complexities of a sewer network did not have a significant effect on the outfall's total inflow for an area with a single drainage system but did for an area with multiple drainage systems. In addition, serious flooding was mainly distributed at the backbone pipes, which can be identified with the simplified sewer network. Several effective generalization strategies were developed for sewer networks that consider the distribution characteristics of the drainage system and application requirements. This study is theoretically important for better understanding the data sensitivity of flood modeling and simulation and practically important for improving the modeling efficiency and the accuracy of urban flood simulation.


Tonight's the night for the big Iowa send-off party. With a crowd of 5,000 expected to attend The DaU:y Iowan's second annual openlng game pep session, last minute plans have been completed and everything is set to make last year's efforts pale Into Insignlficance. Freshmen in the school of nursing begin today's activities when they receive special and general instructions regarding their courses at 7 o'clock this morning at Westlawn.


During the nine years of his writing career, rudolph fisher published two novels as well as fifteen short stories and won Crisis magazine's Amy Spingarn Prize for fiction. He also published two scientific articles and a much anthologized essay, while writing two plays, a revue (with Langston Hughes), and eight other stories unpublished in his time. Seven of the unpublished stories were collected after his death, but one simply disappeared. In May 1925 Fisher submitted his only copy of "The Shadow of White" to Survey Graphic at the invitation of its editor, Paul Kellogg, whom he had met at that year's Opportunity dinner. Thirteen months after the submission, Kellogg offered eighty dollars for the story and said he hoped to publish it in 1926–27. Yet the story never appeared.


The correlation dimension can describe the real condition of the instable and nonlinear vibration signals of faulty bearings.However,the noise in the measured signals may affect the accuracy of the diagnosis.The ameliorated wavelet packet analysis and reconstruction algorithm were used to denoise the signals,which proves to be effective in improving the accuracy and reliability of the fractal fault diagnosis of bearings.


The open-neutral fault occurring on the low-voltage feeder may result in overvoltage. This fault is very difficult to detect at the supply side of the feeder. To solve this problem, an idea that employs the sudden change of the third harmonic current in the feeder as the index to identify the open-neutral fault was proposed in the previous literature. This method can be accomplished by installing the embedded chip into the circuit breaker or other fault protective devices at the supply side of the feeder and therefore enhance their protection ability. The aim of this paper is to thoroughly investigate and validate the details of this method from the selectivity and sensitivity perspectives. In this paper, the procedure for the determination of the proper criteria to meet the selectivity requirement is introduced, and the detective rate to quantify the sensitivity of the detection method is proposed. The measurement based simulations and experiments were conducted as well to verify this method. The results are also presented.


Abstract A theoretical description is given of the dependence of the signal from a turbulent flowing liquid in a pulsed-gradient nuclear magnetic resonance measurement. The relationships between the characteristic time scale of velocity fluctuations of the fluid and the timing parameters of the gradients and NMR pulse sequence are made explicit. An experimental approach has been developed by which the time scale of random changes in the velocity can be determined, and this has been used to show that pipe flow at Reynolds numbers of 0-3000, and grid-generated turbulence, are characterized by correlation times that are relatively long on the scale of the NMR measurement. The turbulent intensity has been measured at different spatial locations distal to meshes of different spatial frequency as well as in a pipe with Reynolds numbers of 0-6500. The onset of turbulence at Re ≍ 2300 in plain pipe flow and the spatial variation of turbulent intensity distal to each mesh are in good agreement,vith measurements made by other techniques. NMR may have unique advantages for spatial mapping and characterization of some turbulent flows.


Hexanuclear molybdenum clusters with mixed chloride and sulfide bridging ligands were prepared by reacting {alpha}-MoCl{sub 2} with sodium hydrosulfide in the presence of sodium butoxide. The resulting species, Mo{sub 6}Cl{sub (8-x)}S{sub x}{center dot}npy(x {congruent} 3.6, n {congruent} 4, py = pyridine), was pyrophoric and insoluble. The mixed sulfide chloride cluster species Mo{sub 6}S{sub 4}Cl{sub 4}{center dot}6OPEt{sub 3} and Mo{sub 6}S{sub {approximately}5}Cl{sub {approximately}3}{center dot}6PEt{sub 3} and Mo{sub 6}S{sub 8}{center dot}6PEt{sub 3} were isolated and characterized. Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance, and UV/visible spectra were obtained for each fraction. The completely sulfided cluster, Mo{sub 6}S{sub 8}{center dot}6PEt{sub 3}, was prepared similarly and used in various experiments as a possible precursor to Chevrel phase materials of the type Mo{sub 6}S{sub 8}or M{sub n}Mo{sub 6}S{sub 8}. With the goal of removing all of the triethylphosphine ligands, Mo{sub 6}S{sub 8}{center dot}6PEt{sub 3} was reacted with the transition metal carbonyls molybdenum hexacarbonyl and dicobalt octacarbonyl. Reaction on the molecular sulfide cluster with copper(I) chloride in toluene gave a completely insoluble product. The reaction of Mo{sub 6}S{sub 8}{center dot}6PEt{sub 3} with propylene sulfide gave a product whose infrared spectra showed only very weak peaks associated with coordinated triethylphosphine. The elemental analysis of this product fitmore » the formula Mo{sub 6}S{sub 8}{center dot}5SPEt{sub 3}. Reactivity of the outer ligands of the Mo{sub 6}S{sub 8}{center dot}npy and Mo{sub 6}S{sub 8}{center dot}(6{minus}x)PrNH{sub x} clusters were investigated. Crystalline Mo{sub 6}S{sub 8}{center dot}6THT was recovered from the reaction of the n-propylamine derivative with THT. A crystal structure determination was done. 87 refs., 12 fig., 15 tabs.« less


Introduction The phenomenon of domestic violence poses, long been a problem at the social and family. The magnitude of the consequences, associated with this issue justifies the importance placed on the quality of marital satisfaction among abused women. Objectives To study the quality of marital satisfaction among women victims of domestic violence and to determine predictors of bad marital satisfaction Methods Our study was descriptive and analytical cross-sectional, carried out with women examined in the context of medical expertise at 'Hedi Chaker hospital',Sfax , from May 2021 until January 2022. An anonymous survey was asked to these ladies. The AZRIN questionnaire was used to study the quality of marital satisfaction Results The age oscillates between 18 and 64 years. The half of the population (51.6%) had an average socio-economic level. 43.4% (n=53) lived in rented houses, 41% (n=50) owned the houses, 14.8% (n=18) lived with the husband's family and 0.8% (n=1) was homeless. All the women of our population were married: it was the first marriage in (89.3%). The majority (86.1%) had children. The average duration of marriage in our study was 11.16 years ± 9.12 years (min=1,max=40). 66.4% (n=81) were abused by their spouses during the first year of marriage. Forty-seven women (38.5%) lived this ordeal daily. 98.7%were victim of verbal violence,94.7% of physical violence, 97.3% of psychological violence and 54.7 %of sexual violence. Marital satisfaction was poor among 71,3% of ladies , average among 9% and good among 19,7%. Bad marital satisfaction was significantly correlated with verbal violence (p=0,02),physical violence (p=0,01),psychological violence (p= 0,003)and sexual violence (p=0,04). Conclusions As our results have shown, we do not expect assaulted women to be satisfied in their couple relationships. Urgent help must be provided to these women to save them from this burden. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


This study examined the means of and correlations between perceptions of willingness to communicate, communication apprehension, communication competence, and introversion of college students in the United States and Sweden. Comparisons indicated differences in the perceptions reported by students from the two cultures. Swedish students report themselves to be more competent and introverted but less willing to communicate than American students. Reports of communication apprehension were not significantly different. The results are interpreted as limiting generalizability of the monocultural research conducted in this area in the U.S.


Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an acid-resistant bacterium that caused tuberculosis. The children might suffer tuberculosis by direct transmission of adult smear positive. The analytic observational study with a cross sectional was conducted. Samples were pediatric patients from January 2015 until December 2016. The 344 subject as total sampling were included as samples. Data were obtained through interviews and direct observations then analyzed with Chi-Square method. The results of these study were the majority of subjects were 3 years old (51.7%), the majority were female (55.2%), already immunized BCG (82.6%), and had moderate nutritional status (40.7%). More than half subjects had no contact with adult smear positive (64.5%). Most of subject had house population density ≥ 8m2 per person (99.4%), the level of humidity 40-70% (99.4%), the presence of ventilation 10% from floor area (75.6%), and all the composition of the floor made from tiles. In contrary, the lighting levels were not qualified <60 lux (99.5%). Most of the subject had family members who smoked inside (61.6%). The education level of the parents majority completed high school (41.9%), relatively had a good knowledge about tuberculosis (98%), and almost respondents were housewives (89.5%) with family income above the minimum wage Semarang (53.4%). The results of Chi-Square test showed that there was a relationship between the gender of the child (OR = 0.445; 95%CI = 0.241-0.821) and the presence of smokers (OR = 2.007; 95%CI = 1.074-3.751). It was suggested to educate the parents about smoker as the risk factor of child tuberculosis.


The time-dependent mechanical behavior of solid polymers can be classified into linear viscoelastic, nonlinear viscoelastic and rheological types. The linear viscoelastic theory has now been worked out in detail, and applies with particular success to amorphous polymers above their glass transition temperature. Examples of systems falling outside this category are principally discussed, including glassy, composite, and crystalline materials. These systems are characterized by the fact that structure and structural changes are playing a major role in the mechanical behavior. Specific theories must be developed in the future which adequately treat this type of behavior.


Abstract Famously, Bernard Williams has argued that although death is an evil if it occurs when we still have something to live for, we have no good reason to desire that our lives be radically extended because any such life would at some point reach a stage when we become indifferent to the world and ourselves. This is supposed to be so bad for us that it would be better if we died before that happens. Most critics have rejected Williams' arguments on the grounds that it is far from certain that we will run out of things to live for, and I don't contest these objections. Instead, I am trying to show that they do not affect the persuasiveness of Williams' argument, which in my reading does not rely on the claim that we will inevitably run out of things to live for, but on the far less contentious claim that it is not unthinkable we will do so and the largely ignored claim that if that happens, we will have died too late.


The spatiotemporal focusing of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) wave packets (WPs) by planar plasmonic‐lens coupling structures is described using combined femtosecond interferometric time‐resolved photoemission electron microscopy (ITR‐PEEM) imaging and model simulations. The focusing properties of lens structures inscribed lithographically into Ag films depend on the angle of incidence of the excitation field. Severe aberrations are introduced by the phase delay in the interaction of obliquely incident plane waves with the commonly employed circular arc‐shaped lens structures. It is shown that the aberration can be corrected by accounting for propagation delays caused by the incidence angle‐dependent retardation of the optical field‐lens structure interaction. The focusing of SPP‐WPs in both space and time is demonstrated with aberration corrected lens structures.


Cyclic loading always results in great damage to the pore structure and fractal characteristics of soft soil. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) can help collect data to describe the microstructure of soft soil. This paper conducted a series of SEM tests to interpret the effect of consolidation confining pressure, circulating dynamic stress ratios and overconsolidation ratio on soil's micro-pore structure and fractal characteristics. The results demonstrate that fractal dimension can well represent the complex characteristics of the microstructure of the soil; the larger the consolidation confining pressure, the greater the cyclic dynamic stress ratio, and the greater the overconsolidation ratio, the smaller the fractal dimension number of soil samples. Finally, an empirical fitting formula for cumulative strain considering microstructure parameters is established through data fitting.


The red firebug, Pyrrhocoris apterus (L.), has been a convenient model for biological research for a long time. The interest in P. apterus increased especially with the discovery in the mid-1960's of the so-called ''paper factor'', i.e., a substance with juvenile hormone activity. Considerable research has been done on this model insect in research topics such as biogeography, embryology, developmental and reproductive biology, theoretical and applied endocrinology, biochemistry, cytogenetics and formal genetics, bionomics, ethology, pathology, voltinism, diapause, wing polymorphism, migration, pathogens, symbiotes and predators. Some of the newest studies are directed toward the problems of determination of metameric pattern, cold hardiness and biorhythms. Present review provides the first selective summary of data published in almost 300 papers.


This essay explores Frost early philosophical view on the soul in "The Trial by Existence". This poem combines Plato's The Myth of Er in Republic Book X with the story of the Incarnation in Milton's Paradise Lost, manifesting that firstly, one's soul symbolically shares the divine character; secondly, the destiny of one's soul is chosen by oneself; thirdly, soul and body are inextricable, which means that the material world or the body is the trial of soul's existence. The greatest merit of the soul is "plunging into matter" and risking it in substantiation while maintains its completeness.


The work described in this paper aims at the development of a networkable, intelligent embedded system application, which is used for data acquisition and analysis in traffic flows. The main components of the sensor system and their interaction are explained. The sensor system is constructed in such a way that, in addition to the use of magnetic field sensors, further sensors which are useful for the respective detection task can be added. Furthermore, measuring procedures in the laboratory and in field trials on the road are described and illustrated. A selection of the results is presented.


Applying Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to a dataset can be time-consuming. It usually involves, not only selecting and fine-tuning the algorithm, but also other steps, such as data preprocessing. To reduce this time, the whole or a subset of this process has been automated by Automated ML (AutoML) techniques, which can include Bayesian Optimization, Genetic Programming, and Meta-Learning techniques. However, despite it often being a necessary stage, preprocessing is commonly not well handled in AutoML tools. In this work, we propose and experimentally investigate the use of meta-learning to recommend noise detection algorithms and the values for their hyperparameters. The proposed approach produces a ranking of the best noise filters for a given dataset, reducing the development cost of ML-based solutions and improving their predictive performance. To validate the process, we generated 10740 noisy datasets, which we describe using 97 meta-features. For each dataset, we applied 8 noise filters, which increased to 27 when we added variations of hyperparameter values. Next, we applied 4 ML algorithms to this data and created a performance ranking, which we used as a meta-target to induce 3 meta-regressors. We compared these 3 meta-regressors and the results with and without hyperparameters for the noise filters. According to the experimental results, the introduction of hyperparameter recommendation resulted in a higher gain in the F1-Score performance metric. However, it came at the cost of lower accuracy in the Top-K ranking evaluation.


The basic theory of phonons is covered in the textbooks, which should be studied carefully before the exercise. In these, all important mathematical results are derived in detail, however those most relevant to the exercise will still be repeated here below. In this computer exercise, we will focus on understanding the concept of phonons. Therefore a program has been developed which takes care of all calculations, where the user only needs to supply proper numeric values and press buttons with the mouse to make things happen. Nevertheless, it is of fundamental importance to understand the model implemented, in order to correctly interpret the results. Therefore some time during the exercise will be devoted to the basic theory of phonons. Especially, we will look at the two underlying approximations used in the theory, which is the adiabatic approximation and the harmonic approximation. The computer model uses a finite representation of the ideal one-dimensional linear chain, with possibilities for two different types of boundary conditions: periodic, to make the chain effectively infinite, or fixed ends for a finite chain. Mass and force constant may be changed, and the program displays both the dispersion curve and the particular eigenmode selected. It is even possible to show an animation of the motion of the atoms in each eigenmode. There is also the possibility to have a diatomic chain, with alternating atoms of two different masses. The force constants are still assumed to be the same for all atoms. Finally, one can introduce an impurity atom in the chain. This is interesting, since we have no simple way of treating this case analytically, but are referred to numerical simulations. During the exercise we will study the basic features of the one-dimensional phonon model, including important issues such as symmetry, and see how the impurity is able to create localized eigenmodes, which are very important in scattering theory.


A method for adjusting a control moment gyroscope array includes receiving a stream and directing the stream to adjust momentum in the control moment gyroscope.


ObjectivesThe masking effect (ME) is present in masked hypertensive patients; however, both normotensive and hypertensive individuals may show a similar phenomenon. Previous studies have shown that ME has been associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and microalbuminuria in treated hypertensive patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between the magnitude of systolic ME and the extent of common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) development in normotensive individuals and untreated masked hypertensive and hypertensive patients. Participants and methodsA total of 1154 individuals underwent 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring and carotid artery ultrasonographic measurements. The final study population included 360 patients with systolic ME (daytime systolic BP higher than office systolic BP). The participants were divided into three groups according to office and daytime BP values: normotensives, masked hypertensives, and hypertensives. ResultsMasked hypertensives presented significantly higher systolic ME (−14.6 mmHg) than their normotensive (−8.2 mmHg) and hypertensive (−9.5 mmHg) counterparts. However, systolic ME was associated significantly with CCA-IMT only in the group of masked hypertensives (r=−0.399, P<0.001). The multivariate linear regression analyses showed significant and independent associations of CCA-IMT with the following factors: age (B=0.028, 95% confidence interval: 0.001–0.055; P=0.044) and systolic ME (B=−0.034, 95% confidence interval: −0.066 to −0.003; P=0.034). A 10 mmHg decrease in systolic ME correlated to an increase of 0.034 mm in the CCA-IMT. ConclusionSystolic ME was associated significantly with CCA-IMT values in masked hypertensives. Both normotensive and hypertensive participants have failed to show similar associations.


We analyzed the distribution of Purse seine fishing vessels using fishing lamps derived from the Day/Night Band Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (DNB-VIIRS) sensor and Vessels Monitoring System (VMS) platform in the Java Sea. The data of fishing vessel distribution derived the DNB-VIIRS sensor and VMS platform was provided by NOAA Center for Environment Information and Global Fishing Watch respectively. The intensity of lights during the fishing operation was measured by a lux meter. The fishing vessel types that used light during fishing operations were small (< 15 units lamps) and large vessels (>15-unit lamps). The intensity of light in the big vessels (> 2,000 Lux) was higher than the small vessels (< 2,000 Lux). The average number of fishing vessels operating during the Southeast monsoon were more than those of the Northwest monsoon. The distribution of fishing vessels derived from the DNB-VIIRS sensor has a similar pattern with the VMS platform. Generally, the fishing vessels are concentrated along the southern coast of Borneo but in the Northwest monsoon shift towards the northwest of Java approaching the island of Sumatra.


New low regularity well-posedness results for the generalized Benjamin–Ono equations with quartic or higher nonlinearity and periodic boundary conditions are shown. We use the short-time Fourier transform restriction method and modified energies to overcome the derivative loss. Previously, Molinet–Ribaud established local well-posedness in [Formula: see text] via gauge transforms. We show local existence and a priori estimates in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and local well-posedness in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] without using gauge transforms. In case of quartic nonlinearity we prove global existence of solutions conditional upon small initial data.


Ischemic heart disease is a major contributor to death worldwide. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is a natural process that protects the heart from ischemic injury. The goal of our laboratory is to determine the mechanisms by which mediators of IPC exert their protective effects. Among the mediators of IPC are small opioid peptides called enkephalins. We found that numerous tissues, including skeletal muscle, express the precursor protein proenkephalin (PENK), and release enkephalins in a tissue‐specific manner. We also found that exercise, which is potently cardioprotective, alters PENK levels in both heart and skeletal muscle, but not in intestine. Moreover, ischemia‐induced enkephalin release is higher in hearts from exercised animals, as compared to control animals. Together, our data support a model wherein numerous non‐neuronal tissues release enkephalins in response to ischemia and ischemic‐like stresses (e.g., exercise). These enkephalins may then act locally or systemically to increase ischemic tolerance of the heart and other tissues. Our findings further suggest that enhancing or mimicking the protective effects of enkephalins may benefit patients with ischemic disease.


As the defender of social order, the public security organizations need to have a corresponding power when facing various complex social risks, and have the power to impose coercive force on the object of enforcing. At present, police attacks occur from time to time, and such incidents not only seriously threaten the personal safety of the police, but also directly affect the authority of the public security enforcement. The construction of police response procedures of the public security organization is significant, however, as an institution that involve in violence, the prudent attitude towards the construction of their authority needs to be taken, which helps to improve the efficiency of the enforcement of the public security organization, and establish an absolute control of enforcement. On the other hand, there is a need to improve the efficiency of the enforcement of the public security organization, and establish an absolute control of enforcement. However, the negative effect of the expansion of power should not be ignored, because the flood of power will also constitute the greatest threat to the protection of human rights. The enforcement of the public security organization has various contents, and it is a complex procedure in terms of the link of the police disposal, strengthening the standardization of its procedures due to the prerequisite of the establish authority.


A two-dimensional measurement system was designed and built based on light extinction with effective tomographic inversion algorithm for accurate measurement of soot concentration distribution in a co-flow laminar ethylene diffusion flame.It operated simply.A collimated light with brightness uniformity passing through the ethylene flame would image in the CCD.An anti-noise numerical simulation ensured the credibility of the inversion algorithm.Test results show that the maximum soot concentration is in the annular region of the flame.The soot concentration increases with flame height until reaches its maximum and then decreases till it vanishes at the visible flame tip.The results are in good agreement with those reported in the literature,indicating the present two-dimensional light extinction system is effective and correctly implemented.


This paper explores how law and jurisprudence are currently being challenged by anti-racist critiques. Specifically, it examines how the term "whiteness" is being used to criticize law as inherently unjust and racist. Whilst the paper also addresses negative effects of the law, it mounts a defense of law and jurisprudence. It argues that true emancipation from racialized discrimination lies not beyond law and the Western legal tradition but rather through it. The promise of a universal and equal law for all should be reaffirmed, not abolished. That entails not losing sight of the ultimate goal of anti-racist thought and practice - the abolition of race in all its shapes from our world. Keywords: critical legal theory - law and race - legal dogmatics


The proliferation of microcomputer based software now permits the partial automation of personnel operations. Future applications of information systems technology to public sector human resource management depend on a knowledge of public management information requirements and of the organizational effects of automating personnel operations. There is some possibility, however, that careful planning regarding the application of a rich store of personnel management software to work force information system development will pay divi dends in terms of effective human resource management.


Pachycerus somaliensis n. sp., a new weevil species from Somalia (Coleoptera Curculionidae Lixinae) is described. The genus Pachycerus Schoenherr 1823 is re-defined and the taxonomic position of the new species is analysed. The following new combinations for some species attributed to Pachycerus are established: Rabdorrhynchus granulatus (Olivier 1807) n. comb., Centrocleonus blucheaui (Fairmaire 1898) n. comb.