The East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) is located in the east portion of the San Francisco Bay Area, serving water to over 1.3 million people. The water system includes a network of reservoirs, aqueducts, treatment plants, and other distribution facilities stretching from the Sierra foothills to the Bay Area. The main source of water is the Mokelumne River watershed in the Sierra foothills located about 90 miles northeast of the Bay Area. Mokelumne River water is collected in the Pardee Reservoir and flows from Pardee to the Bay Area via the Mokelumne aqueduct system consisting of three large diameter steel pipelines. The Bay Area has high seismic risk, with numerous earthquake faults throughout the region. EBMUD's Water Supply Management Plan completed in 1993 identified that the aqueduct system is vulnerable to damage in a 14-mile reach located in the San Joaquin-Sacramento River Delta Area, possibly causing unacceptable outage duration. Recognizing this danger, EBMUD has undertaken a $39 million project to upgrade Aqueduct No. 3 and increase its seismic reliability. The EBMUD upgrade performance goal is to limit damage such that it can be repaired within six months following a 500-year return period earthquake, with terminal storage located within the service area being used to provide water to customers during the six month repair period. The project was executed in two phases. Phase 1 was completed in 1999 and consisted of upgrading three river crossings and 5 miles of buried pipeline. Phase 2 is currently under construction, and consists of a 9-mile elevated portion of the aqueduct. Both phases meet the EBMUD seismic performance goal based on a 500-year return period event. However, the entire project included consideration of the >2000 year design earthquake. Phase 2 implementation of performance-based design led to innovative use of elastomeric seismic isolation bearings to mitigate ground-shaking effects. This paper describes the Phase 2 project.


Background: The narrow genetic base and environmental stresses are behind the low rate of faba bean yield in the past two decades. Drought stress is one of the most destructive abiotic stresses. Using induced mutagenesis on locally adapted landrace cultivar is proposed to cope with this problem. Methods: This study was conducted on faba bean landrace cultivar of Saudi Arabia, namely Hassawi 2, treated by 25 and 50 Gray gamma radiation. The genetic diversity assessment of M2 mutant populations was based on seven quantitative traits and nine Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations. Result: A total of 3419 M2 seeds were planted, of which 2782 (81.4%) seeds germinated and 2658 plants survived. A 5 to a 10-fold range of quantitative traits studied among mutant plants compared to control plants showed high variability. The number of pods per plant and seeds per plant was a valid selection criterion for a high-yielding faba bean breeding program. Nine AFLP primer combinations generated 1079 polymorphic alleles from 88 samples that comprised mutant and control plants. Shannon index (I) and expected heterozygosity (He) were 0.337 and 0.206, respectively. The AFLP results validated high variability in M2 populations. These findings will assist faba bean breeders in developing high-yielding cultivars with drought stress tolerance.


In this article, the authors represent a simple model of the European sulphur problem. The model comprises twenty European countries. Each country is assumed to have a deposition target, which is set in such a way that the annual deposition per unit area does not exceed a "critical load." The authors use this model to calculate the total costs of fulfilling the targets under different assumptions about the behavior of the countries. It is shown that, given an assumption about myopic noncooperative behavior on the part of each country, there will be substantial cost savings if the countries agree to cooperate on a cost-effective solution instead. However, when the countries are assumed to be rational and well informed, there will only be small costs savings from cooperation. Copyright 1990 by Oxford University Press.


The use of power switches in modern system chips (SOCs) is inevitable as they allow for efficient on-chip static power management. Leakage is today one of the main hurdles in low-power applications. Power switches enable power gating functionality, i.e., one or more parts of the SOC can be powered-off during standby mode leading in this way to savings in the overall SOCs power consumption. In this paper, we present a circuit and a method to test power switches. The proposed method allows testing of on/off functionality. In case of segmented power switches individual failing segments can be identified as well by using the proposed test strategy. The method requires only a small number of test patterns that are easy to generate. Furthermore, the proposed method is very scalable with the number of power switches and has a very small area-overhead


Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are major causes for liver disease worldwide and potential causes for substantial morbidity and mortality in the future. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hepatitis C and B virus infection and to identify the associated risk factors of viral hepatitis. In our experiments we use as materials 107 patients, 48 men and 59 women, aged from 7 to 67 years old. The maximum incidence of HBV and HCV hepatitis was observed at patients aged between 40 to 60 and especially at people in urban areas. The number of cases with HCV was twice higher at men than at women, while for HVB the incidence was higher for men than for women. Risk factors for transmission of HCV and HBV were medical procedure in the high-risk group, while vertical or sexual transmission belongs to the low-risk patient group. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection is high, thus asepsis and antisepsis measures should be strictly followed.


n order to explore the transferring condition of electroporation suitable for Bacillus megaterium(Bm),a shuttle plasmid containing chitinase encoding gene of Serratia marcescenswas successfully introduced into plant disease bio-controlling Bm strain B1301 cells at logarithmic phase by different electroporation conditions.The optimum electroporation transferring conditions were considered to be at 1 000 V/mm,25 μF,400 Ω through transferring rate and the activity expression of chitinase,and the transferring rate was 9.6×104 /μg plasmid,and the probability of the activity expression of chitinase of the strain was 41.67%.


A series of design, theoretical analysis and model test procedures is presented for the development of an axisymmetric stator-propeller system. A preswirl stator is located in front of a propeller in order to improve the propulsion efficiency by cancellation of the slip stream rotational velocity due to the propeller. Model test results show that propulsion efficiency gain due to the symmetric stator-propeller system is about 3% compared to the single propeller. This efficiency gain would increase for full scale application since the pressure drag coefficient of the stator would decrease due to increasement of turbulent intensity behind the hull wake and increasement of Reynolds number.


In recent years,under strongly pushing forward by Jiangxi Provincial Water Resources Department,the certain achievements is obtained while slow-moving in the whole progress for the management system reform of Jiangxi water affaris.Through analyzing the present condition,the existing problems during the process of management system reform is summarized and some suggestion to accelerate the reform is proposed.


Hospitals are drumming up competition by presenting RFPs to their radiology group. Here, experts weigh in on how to keep that contract.


In randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for Alzheimer's Disease (AD), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PET) biomarkers are currently used for the detection and monitoring of AD pathological features. The use of less resource-intensive plasma biomarkers could decrease the burden to study volunteers and limit costs and time for study enrollment. Blood-based markers (BBMs) could thus play an important role in improving the design and the conduct of RCTs on AD. It remains to be determined if the data available on BBMs are strong enough to replace CSF and PET biomarkers as entry criteria and monitoring tools in RCTs.


With the development of social and economic, it becomes the unavoidable fact that the traditional small and medium-sized road transport enterprises changed their freight services for the the logistics services. And it is extremely important for Chinese traditional small and medium-sized road transport enterprises to find a suitable business modle in their longterm development. This article makes research on the business model of domestic small and medium-sized road transport enterprises with theoretical knowledge of logistics on the basis of fieldwork. Finally arrived the successful business models for the transition of China's traditional small and medium-sized road transport enterprises.


The invention is capable of producing a weight average molecular weight of low resin content is less hydrophilic resin particles, no generation of waste such as organic solvents, there is no need to perform complicated processes, the hydrophilic resin particles and to provide a manufacturing method. Method for producing a hydrophilic resin particles of the present invention, a liquid state, subcritical state or carbon dioxide or liquid state is supercritical state, include a subcritical state or a nitrogen and a water-soluble resin is a supercritical state (A) comprising the resin composition (R) is carbon dioxide or nitrogen from the dispersion is dispersed, characterized in that it comprises a step of removing the gas.


In the article, the toxicity of heavy metal in toothpastes was introduced. The reports of pretreatment methods and determination of heavy metals in toothpastes in the past years were reviewed. The review provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of a heavy metals determination method which can rapidly,easily, accurately and simultaneously detecting different heavy metals in toothpastes.


At the basis of our considerations are the algebra of shift-invariant bounded linear input-output operators on L2(Ropf+) and the subalgebra consisting of all convolution operators with measure kernels together with their discrete-time counterparts. We introduce the concepts of asymptotic steady-state gain, L2-steady-state gain and l2-steady-state gain. We give some natural conditions under which the existence of these steady-state gains is guaranteed. Under a mild assumption on the continuous-time system it is shown that the existence of the (continuous-time) L2-steady-state gain implies the existence of the l2-steady-state gain of the sample-hold discretisation and that these two gains coincide. The sample and hold operations considered are ideal sampling, generalised sampling and zero-order hold. Applications to sampled-data control are briefly discussed


Almost 10 years ago, the Huygens probe successfully landed on the surface of Titan, Saturn's biggest moon. The Permittivity, Waves and Altimetry (PWA-HASI) instrument onboard then investigated during 32 min the electrical properties at very low frequencies of the top meters of the surface. Preliminary results reported a relative dielectric constant of ~2 and a low electric conductivity. Since then, much has been learnt on the position of the Huygens probe after landing and on the surface characteristics of Titan. Here we describe the refined analysis of the PW A-HASI data and discuss composition scenarios.


A single pixel photon counting type image sensor which is applicable for medical diagnosis with digitally obtained image and industrial purpose has been designed using 0.18㎛ triple well CMOS process. The designed single pixel for readout chip is able to be operated by single supply voltage to simplify digital X-ray image sensor module and a preamplifier using folded cascade CMOS OP amp has been designed to enlarge signal voltage(Δ Vs), the output voltage of preamplifier. Also, a threshold voltage generator circuit which generates threshold voltage in the readout chip has been newly proposed against the conventional external threshold voltage supply. This makes proper threshold voltage supply despite of the pixel common voltage variation.


ABSTRACT Freedom of expression, provided by the First Amendment, is a core part of the foundation of our democracy. Yet those who use public places for artistic expression, such as music, are still fighting to benefit from this right, a right vital to their ability to earn a living from musical performances. Historically, both in the United States and elsewhere, buskers, those who perform on the streets for tips, have been subjected to unreasonable restrictions on the time, place, and manner of their speech, and, at times, outright banishment from constitutionally protected public fora. This article demonstrates why current restrictions on street performers constitute clear violations of free speech through an examination of historical restrictions, case law, and the current rules and regulations of four US cities. Obtaining an ostensibly permanent decision from the Supreme Court is not the solution for ensuring the free-speech rights of street performers. Rather, we present an example of model regulations that, if embraced by individual localities, can ensure proper protection for the First Amendment rights of musicians in public spaces.


BackgroundThe Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a common tool for the assessment of global cognition in older adults. Despite its popularity among clinicians and researchers, the test's psychometric properties are still uncertain.ObjectiveTo examine fundamental psychometrics properties of the MoCA that have not been established so far (i.e., factorial structure, general factor saturation, and measurement invariance).DesignCohort study.SettingPopulation-based invitation-type survey in city and rural areas in Hyogo prefectures and Tokyo Metropolitan, Japan.SubjectsIndividuals (N = 2,408) aged 69 to 91 clustered in three cohorts (69-71-year-olds, 79-81-year-olds, and 89-91-year-olds).MethodsExploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis.ResultsThe MoCA shows an overall stable hierarchical factorial structure and a satisfactory general factor saturation. Also, measurement invariance occurs across participants with different age, educational level, economic status, and gender. ConclusionThis comprehensive investigation upholds the idea that the MoCA is a psychometrically valid tool for the assessment of global cognition in older adults.


2D FEM method was adopted to simulate the deformation tests about the kinds ofⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ rock mass in different reaction force of anchor distance and different stress state.Deformation on the test position caused by the reaction force of anchor was analyzed according to the test.It is concluded that in the case of same rock mass quality and reaction force distance,the reduced deformation of the test points caused by the reaction force of the anchor to the rock mass increases with the stress increasing.In the case of same reaction force distance and stress state,the reduced deformation decreases with the improvement of rock mass quality.In the case of same rock mass quality and stress state,the reduced deformation decreases with the increase of reaction force distance.


Abstract The older population is becoming more racially and ethnically diverse. By the year 2050, 39% of those 65+ will be from minority groups, up from 21% in 2012 (Ortman et al., 2014). These figures have significant implications for aging policy, including concerns over ageism and racism. Discrimination can take many forms, and can be present in legislation, advertising, attitudes, the workplace, and the health care system (Snaedal, 2015). The present study examines perceptions of racial and age discrimination of older adults living in the community and its impact on their quality of life. Using a cross-sectional design, 134 participants over the age of 60 were surveyed at three senior centers with ethnically diverse populations. The Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire (AAQ-24) was used to assess participants' perceptions and experiences with aging and perceptions of racism were assessed using an adaptation of the Modern Racism Scale. Findings from the AAQ-24 revealed an average score of 27.1 (SD=6.66) for psychosocial loss, 28.3 (SD=5.34) for physical change, and 30.5 (SD=4.65) for psychological growth, indicating moderately high levels of ageism. For the racism scale, the average total score for all respondents was 34.4 (SD=7.05), also moderate. This study helps shed some light on what older adults feel about the aging, as well as their concerns with racial discrimination. The insights gained from older adults' experiences and perceptions can help shape policies for future generations.


The present invention relates to a method of producing using a naturally occurring material containing sewage back skin wrinkle or skin elasticity, promotion for cosmetic compositions and thus the cosmetic composition prepared in accordance with (A) back sewage; One or more member selected from the group consisting of bokbunja, tosaja, casualty, Lycii fructus, Schizandrae, Yam and Acanthopanax; Brown rice; yeast; Syrup; Useful microorganisms; After mixing the deep ocean mineral concentrate; And by the addition of ocher jijangsu step of fermenting primary; (B) to inject air under the same temperature and the first fermentation stage to the second fermentation; (C) The back sewage; Astragalus; Yukjongyong, pageuk, Eucommia circle, sheet, kill, seokchangpo, sukjihwang, baekbongryeong, hwangjeong, cinnamon, ginseng, car is at least one selected the group consisting of In mushrooms, pine, and walnut; At least one member selected from the group consisting of licorice and Lycium chinense; Mineral concentrate; The method comprising hot-water extraction were mixed and deep ocean water; (D) step of fermentation broth was filtered to separate a residue and a fermented fermentation in step (B); (E) (D) the method comprising hot-water extraction the residue separated in phase; And (F) (D) separated fermentation broth in step, mixing the extract is extracted from the extract and (C) a step to extract from the (E) step; by including, to give to enhance the elasticity of the skin, the skin wrinkles In addition to the excellent improvement, but it can be supplemented postmenopausal women the hormone.


We describe a 5‐year‐old female with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who suffered from cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis during maintenance therapy consisting of 6‐mercaptopurine (6‐MP) and methotrexate (MTX) with pulses of vincristine (VCR) and dexamethasone (DEX). Administration of anticytomegaloviral drugs led to a complete regression of active retinitis. Her low CD4 positive T cells and serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) recovered when maintenance therapy was resumed without VCR and DEX. The patient has been in complete remission (CR) for more than 5 months after completion of maintenance therapy without recurrence of CMV retinitis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013;60:329–331. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Preface Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations Introduction What is Multilateralism? Case Studies of the United Nations A Logic of Multilateralism in International Security An Emerging Logic of Multilateralism in the Asia-Pacific From Free Rider to Navigator Bibliography Index


Curved box-girder bridge is one type of bridges often used on expressways and flyovers extensively for recent years.Because of its structural features,but its design caculation it too complicated,moreover,the design work is very time consuming,This text,through the internal forces analysis of 72 curved boxgirder bridge modles with two spans under the influence of eccentric support,lead out the experience formula between internal forces and bridge span、eccentricity of support,in order that engineers are able to control the selection of the design parameters while doing the design work.


In our previous studies we have established that some water soluble aliphatic alcohols redox cycle generating superoxide. In the current study, we used the lucigenin chemiluminescence (CL) assay to determine if the amino alcohols (AA); 3‐Amino‐1‐propanol (3A1P), 4‐Amino‐1‐butanol (4A1B), 5‐Amino‐1‐pentanol (5A1P) and 6‐Amino‐1‐hexanol (6A1H) redox cycled in the presence of reduced glutathione. Cytotoxicity of the AA was assessed against the Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 and the Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 cell lines.


Being one of the biggest challenges in every country; Urban Air pollution has been seriously taken into consideration. Ever since the 1970s,environmental protection has been stressed by Chinese government; several laws on air pollution has been issued,and relevant countermeasures has been taken,thus improved the air quality to a certain extent. However,the environmental pollution has never been controlled entirely. Characteristics and cause of urban air pollution in China were analyzed in this paper,and its comprehensive control countermeasures in China were discussed.


The invention provides a cookie for correcting the deviation of simple obesity. The cookie comprises various minor crops, medicinal and edible raw materials and diet fibers and has a unique function, which cannot be replaced by medicines, for correcting the simple obesity caused by overhigh heat taken in by modern people because of diet deviation. The cookie consists of wheat, sheep eye beans, lily beans, circular and flat beans, wheat fibers, konjaku flour, kelp, cordate houttuynia, honeysuckle, siraitia grosvenorii, bunge cherry seed, semen cassiae, hawthorn, fuling, yam, chrysanthemum, semen raphani, lotus leaves, lotus seeds, malt, dried ginger, liquorice, spina date seeds, peach kernel, almond, fructus lycii, orange skin, lily, scaphium scaphigerum, 500-type isomalto oligosaccharides, soybean phospholipids and a swelling agent. The cookie is processed by mixing the raw materials according to ruled proportions. The manufacturing technology is simple; and the cookie has wide application prospect.


Ophthalmologists rely on a device known as the Goldmann applanation tonometer to make intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements. It measures the force required to press a flat disc against the cornea to produce a flattened circular region of known area. The IOP is deduced from this force using the Imbert-Fick principle. However, there is scant analytical justification for this analysis. We present a mathematical model of tonometry to investigate the relationship between the pressure derived by tonometry and the IOP. An elementary equilibrium analysis suggests that there is no physical basis for traditional tonometric analysis. Tonometry is modelled using a hollow spherical shell of solid material enclosing an elastic liquid core, with the shell in tension and the core under pressure. The shell is pressed against a rigid flat plane. The solution is found using finite element analysis. The shell material is anisotropic. Values for its elastic constants are obtained from literature except where data are unavailable, when reasonable limits are explored. The results show that the force measured by the Goldmann tonometer depends on the elastic constant values. The relationship between the IOP and the tonometer readings is complex, showing potentially high levels of inaccuracy that depend on IOP.


Large earthquakes in the Kuril subduction zone have caused tsunami damage along the Pacific coast of eastern Hokkaido, between Nemuro and Tokachi. In this study, we report tsunami deposits from an additional site in the region: Bettouga Lowland at the western side of Nemuro City. Four tsunami deposit layers named Bs1 to Bs4 are identified in this site. The Bs1 event may correspond to the 1973 Nemuro-oki tsunami (Mt 8.2). The Bs2 event may correspond to the 1843 Tokachi-oki tsunami (Mt 8.0) or 1894 Nemuro-oki tsunami (Mt 8.0). The inundation distances and altitudes of Bs3 (17th century) and Bs4 (13th century) events are longer than that of Bs2 event. These suggest that earthquakes caused Bs3 and Bs4 events were larger in size than Bs1 and Bs2. And we could correlate Bs3 and Bs4 events to Ts3 (17th century) and Ts4 (13th century) events described along the Pacific coast of eastern Hokkaido based on key tephra layers.


According to the survey for working environment of the cashiers in highway tollbooths, workers replied that noise was the most harmful substances next to air pollutant in the tollbooth. Researches on the noise levels exposed to cashiers in the highway tollbooth scarcely have been performed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to acquire baseline data to prevent health impairments of the cashiers by evaluating noise level exposed to them. Noise dosimeters were used for monitoring workers' noise exposure level in the tollbooths at 8 different highway tollgates. The noise levels of tollbooths did not exceed noise exposure limit of the ministry of labor, 90 ㏈(A). The average TWA inside of the tollbooths was 55.4 ㏈(A) and the average TWA outside of tollbooths was 58.3 ㏈(A). The average TWA outside of tollbooths was slightly higher than that of inside of tollbooths. However, the significance probability(p-value) was 0.255 which means statistically not significant. The noise levels inside and outside of tollbooth were statistically significant to both mean traffic volume per day and traffic volume of passenger car.


We thank Crijns et al. for their positive comments regarding the importance of our recent study in Cardiovascular Research .1 We also appreciate the detailed attention of Crijns et al. to the methodologies presented in our study. We welcome the opportunity to provide additional information that we hope will clarify our approach and conclusions for the readers of Cardiovascular Research . The two issues raised by Crijns et al. generally address nitric oxide synthase (NOS) biochemistry, related analytical methodology, and acquisition and interpretation of findings related to the electrophysiological data.

It is important to note that the presence of NOS monomer is not direct evidence of NOS uncoupling and that changes in the dimer/monomer ratio are not directly related to the functional uncoupling of the enzyme. Moreover, only the dimeric form has been shown to be biochemically active and able to generate NO and superoxide.2–4 Several lines of evidence in our manuscript are consistent with iNOS oxidase activity in the atria of heart failure (HF) dogs, including (i) decreased tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) levels, (ii) reduced NO production, and (iii) increased superoxide production. These alterations occurred in the face …


This study aimed to understand the mechanism of combining the action of different types of flame retardants (FR) on melting, flammability behaviour and burning behaviour, and its moderation of the Polypropylene (PP) polymer. PP Polymer was chosen to be blent in a twin-screw extruder with the flame retardants and an additive, which is a 1% Stabilizer, to investigate Polypropylene's melting, flammability and burning moderation in order to reduce it. Burning and flammability behaviour test conditions, which are known as UL49 vertical and horizontal burning tests, were applied in this study. The flame was applied for 10 seconds and the length of time that the sample burned was measured. The flame was reapplied 10mm below the burned edge of the sample for a further 10 seconds. The length of time the sample burned for a second time was measured. The melting, dripping, and burning behaviour was recorded using high-speed video. These PP Polymer samples behave very differently in terms of upward flame spread. The study also indicates that the melting behaviour of thermoplastic materials is an important characteristic in fires which should be taken into account in the development of models, in particular for upward flame spread models. To study melt dripping behaviour, a burning methodology was developed. The results from these experiments have been analyzed to draw a relationship between melt dripping and burning behaviour. Most of the previous work on melt and dripping behaviour was concentrated on the study of fire operating conditions and modelling of the thermal process, however, no work has been reported on the quantitative relationship between melt and burning behaviour of thermoplastic polymers.


Face recognition has acquired a lot of attention in a research community but still remained very approaching in real time applications. It is one of several techniques used for identifying a person. In face recognition there are many factors which affect the performance of a system. The major factor which affects the face recognition system is pose, illumination, ageing, occlusion, expression etc. Among these entire problems an occlusion problem is a most affecting problem in face recognition. In Face recognition due to obstacle like scarf, glasses, palm etc. we are unable to recognize a face. To deal with occlusion problem first we have detected an occlusion by using a SVM (Support Vector Machine) classifier. For that we have first divide a face image into K local patches and extract statistical features like mean, standard deviation, entropy, contrast and homogeneity which we have analyzed in isolation. After detecting an occluded face we go for face recognition. By using near set theory we reduce a set for recognition and recognize a face from that reduced set.


history, and during the interwar years Deutsche Bank's affairs in the U.S. were dominated by its efforts to get those assets back. By the time Hitler came to power, Deutsche Bank's stock price had fallen to about one-quarter of what it had been in the 1920s. The reader will not find a great deal about the bank's involvement with National Socialism—this, as Kobrak points out, has been ably discussed in Harold James's books on the subject—since the regime's policy of autarky and control of external capital flows significantly curtailed international banking. Given the Allied occupiers' suspicion of Germany's large banking conglomerates, Deutsche Bank was initially split into several entities after World War II, and not reunited until 1957. Throughout his analysis, the author provides a great deal of interesting political and financial context to put business history into perspective; fascinating details on American banks and personal contacts between German bankers and the great American banking houses of J. P. Morgan, Anthony Drexel, Speyer, and others add color to his analysis. Banking on Global Markets is not only a first-rate scholarly monograph, but also a consistently absorbing history of a European bank's involvement in the ever-changing American market that will not fail to engage even the more general reader.


Three experiments with different stage of Hanwoo steers (average BW of 167 kg, 355 kg and 449 kg, respectively) were conducted to examine the effect of different quantities of CP intake with similar DM intake on protein balance and N excretion. Twelve Hanwoo steers in each experiment were offered three diets containing three levels of protein (9, 14 and 18 % on DM basis) in the concentrate formulated with using different amount of ground corn grain or corn gluten meal. There were significant effects of increasing CP intake on CP digestibility but not on DM digestibility. Despite different CP intake, apparent fecal N outputs were not significantly affected. However, amounts of N excreted into urine increased (p<0.05) with increasing CP intake. There was an obvious effect of live body weight on efficiency of body protein conversion of CP consumed in excess of animal requirement for maintenance, with slopes of 70 % and 46 ~ 39 % for growing and fattening stage, respectively. Nitrogen excretion into feces and urine in this experiment was 70 % of the daily N consumption for fattening stage, compared with 60 % for growing stage. (Key weeds : CP intake, Growth stages, Hanwoo steers, N excretion)


Introduction Any disturbance to the normal ouVlow of tears through the nasolacrimal passage causes overflow known as epiphora. The clinical symptoms of epiphora range from mild dribble to the continuous ouVlow of tears. Watering of eyes caused by the nasolacrimal drainage  obstruction  is  managed  by surgery. One of the many surgeries to treat this is external dacryocystorhinostomy. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the success rate of external dacryocystorhinostomy as well as factors affecting it. Methodology This is a retrospective cross-sectional study, conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Dharan with the approval of Institutional Review Committee, BPKIHS. The medical records of patients who underwent external Dacryocystorhinostomy surgery from April 2011 to April 2016 at BPKIHS were retrospectively reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for windows, version 11.5 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Binary logistic regression models were used to investigate the association of the surgical outcome with various predicting variables. Results The success rate of the external dacryocystorhinostomy was 78.09%. Factors studied were: age, with a range of 2-81 years; duration of symptoms with a range of 1-84 months; and gender of the patients. The intra-operative factors studied were use of silastic tube, types of flap, and osteotomy size. Among these factors, the duration of symptoms and osteotomy size had significant association with the outcome of the surgery p<0.05. Conclusion Our study yielded high success rate in patients with shorter duration of watering of eyes and larger osteotomy size during surgery. Hence, a larger osteotomy size and early intervention is recommended for better surgical outcome.  Birat Journal of Health Sciences  Vol.2/No.1/Issue 2/ Jan - April 2017, Page: 196-200


The research and the development of biodegradable Sandstone at TU Delft Architecture, Delft. This study was aimed to test the biodegradable Sandstone and develop a method to improve the quality of life of the refugee camp by using biodegradable Standstone. The subject of this study was selected by Mustafa Nazari, he discovered biodegradable Sandstone during the study. In the first part, data was collected about the problem statement and solution by doing literature study. Then doing experiments to discover the properties of this material. In the designing phase will be determined of it possible is to create a temporary housing by use biodegradable Sandstone. The results of this study make clear it is possible to create a temporary house by using specially designed bricks which are made of Biodegradable Sandstone.


The AZTI′s Marine Biotic Index (AMBI) can evaluate the response of soft-bottom benthic communities to natural- and anthropogenic-induced disturbances in coastal and estuarine environment.In this paper, based on the macrobenthos collected from 30 sites in the intertidal zones of Bohai Sea from September 16 to 28, 2008, the AMBI combined with the Shannon-Wiener index (H) were carried out for ecological quality assessment.The results showed that all the intertidal zones of Bohai Sea were subject to various degrees of disturbance.Compared with the results from the AMBI and the H method, it can be concluded that the H method was more sensitive than the AMBI in indicating environmental pollution conditions; however, the AMBI was more effective in assessing quality conditions of the macrobenthos community.Additionally, compared with the results of Marine Environmental Quality Bulletin in 2008 from Liaoning, Hebei and Shandong Provinces, the environmental pollution degrees derived from AMBI in the intertidal zones of Bohai Sea were slightly lower than those derived from the H method.


To overcoming the problem of the low observability during the process of medium and long range missile attacking target,a trajectory design approach based on angle search method was presented.A trajectory performance function was set up according to observability theory of passive tracking and self-constrain of the missile.An optimization algorithm for trajectory design based on angle search method and extended Kalman filter was given.In order to overcoming the problems of undue dependence on the grid density and low computing precision,a dynamic grid was proposed.Simulation example shows that this trajectory design method can improve the filter performance and system observability greatly,and it is capable of achieving better precision and higher computing speed.


Based on the fuzzy control,this article presents a way of composing a fuzzy control inquiry platform,by using DCS conventional functional modules.Practical application has shown that it is easy to be realized with good control effects.


Wetlands are damaged or destroyed by natural processes or artificial interferences. In order to restore their function, it is desirable to establish conservation, restoration and management measures on the basis of comprehensively collected and analyzed data of natural ecosystem characteristics and damage conditions. The purpose is to provide an evaluation index that can reflect the biological and physical characteristics such as the inhabited wildlife, degree of terrestrialization, land use change, etc. Due to the evaluation index should be simplicity of measurement, applicability, and cost efficiency as well as useful for improving the new information is obtained, so we consider the physical and biological characteristics. In order to reflect the ecological integrity and qualitative aspects such as disturbance levels, suitability as biological habitats, etc., biodiversity (landscape units, wildlife inhabit), naturalness (biotope, basin ecosystem), rarity (major plant species emergence, major animal species inhabit), and potential for damage (distribution of pollutant by distance, degree of internal damage) was selected as an evaluation index. The conservation value of Hwapo (23 points) and Samrangjin wetland (21 points), which had low number of species and populations, was low due to high potential for damage like green house, bare land etc. On the other hand, Daepyeong (34 points) and Bacsil wetland (32 points), which have worthy biodiversity, showed high conservation value, while their own area was narrow, but the endangered wildlife ( Cygnus cygnus , Anser fabalis , and Euryale ferox ) was appeared. Habitat disturbances, such as reduced area or internal damage, can drastic changes at population, ecosystem, and community levels. Hwapo and Samrangjin wetland, which have high damaged potential, are included. The recoverability of wetland ecosystem functions depend on the resistance and regenerative power of the system itself, so maintaining integrity of biodiversity-rich wetlands will have priority over restoration.


A package (1) for tobacco articles (4), having a group (3) of tobacco articles (4), and a cup-shaped container (2) which houses the group (3) of tobacco articles (4) and has an open top end (6), a bottom wall (10), two parallel, opposite major lateral walls (11, 12), and two parallel, opposite minor lateral walls (13); at least one retaining member (19; 21) is located inside the container (2), projects perpendicularly from at least one of the lateral walls (11; 12; 13), defines a supporting surface for the group (3) of tobacco articles (4), and is defined by two rigid panels (19a, 19b; 21a, 21b) separated from each other by a crease line (20; 22) and folded one towards the other.


Abstract The chemical composition, antifungal and antibacterial activity of essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of Chromolaena laevigata (Asteraceae) growing wild in Ecuador, were evaluated. The chemical composition was analyzed by Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC/Flame ionization detector (GC/FID). Twenty-five volatile components were identify in essential oils, corresponding to 96.13 % of the total oils. Essential oils was rich in laevigatin (46.84 %), germacrene D (15. 38 %), viridiflorol (11.37 %), bicyclogermacrene (4.14 %), limonene (4.94 %) and α-pinene (2.85 %). The antibacterial and antifungal activities were studied by the broth microdilution method. The antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-negative bacterial strains [Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 9997), Proteus vulgaris (ATCC 8427), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Salmonella typhimurium (LT2)] and Gram-positive bacterial strains [Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923)] and antifungal activity was determined against Trichophyton rubrum (ATCC 28188) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (ATCC 28185). The essential oil from C. laevigata exhibited activity against Trichophyton rubrum (ATCC 28188) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (ATCC 28185).


Abstract Stocking of hatchery fish can quickly recover human use services such as fishing that are lost when human activities injure fishery resources. In such cases, hatchery costs are used to estimate replacement-based monetary damages for the injury. However, there is increasing concern that hatchery fish are not ecologically equivalent to wild fish, and therefore may fail to provide the same level of ecological and human use services provided by fish replaced through natural production. An alternative approach for estimating fish replacement costs, the habitat-based replacement cost (HRC) method, estimates the cost of restoring habitat to the level necessary to offset fish losses through natural production. By focusing on the production of wild fish in natural habitats, the HRC approach provides an ecologically-based alternative to hatchery-based replacement costs for both quantifying and monetizing fish resource injuries.


Based on corpus data, the article discusses three Spanish infinitive constructions with a prospective meaning: two constructions with the verb of location estar and one with the verb of movement ir: ,  and . A new approach is applied that views these constructions as a means of expressing the grammeme of the prospective in Spanish. The first part of the article contains an overview of the results of a corpus study of all three constructions which aims to clarify both diachronic and synchronic issues of the simultaneous functioning of three different means of expressing prospective semantics, their frequency, as well as the distribution of each construction in the Spanishspeaking area. The first part also offers a detailed comparative analysis of the semantics of two infinitive constructions with estar. It begins with the establishment of a characteristic restriction for both constructions on filling the infinitive slot with atelic lexemes (which makes them different from the construction with the motion verb) and ends with proposed interpretations of the semantics of both constructions with the verb of location. In the second part of the work, based on a review of descriptive grammars, theories, and corpus research, the prospective construction with the verb of movement ir is discussed, and (based on the results of a corpus study of all three constructions) a description of the prospective zone in Spanish is proposed from the position of general, i. e., typologically oriented, morphology and grammatical semantics.


In a recent breakthrough work, Chatterjee (5) proved a long standing conjecture that relates the transversal exponentand the fluctuation exponentin first-passage percolation on Z d . The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new and intuitive idea that replaces the main argument of (5) and gives an alternative proof of this relation. Specifically, we show that under the assumption that exponents defined in (5) exist, one has the relation � ≤ 2� − 1. One advantage of our argument is that it does not require the 'nearly Gamma' assumption of (5).


Author starts from important but suppressed equalisation of economy and management in post socialist and post capitalist circumstances which represents the very essence of post-modern global dominance (globalisation). An attempt to distinguish economy from management is connected with the appearance of neo-liberalism as the central argumentative machinery of management being connected with postmodern type of subjectivity. In comparison with the so-called »objective law« around which economy used to revolve (ideally, of course), management explicitly leaves this terrain and opens itself up to the subjective, even subversive activity at the level of global society. In that sense economy and management are operating on two radically different levels and we could even speak of two different entities which should be analytically distinguished. The very supposition for modern defence with regard to post-modern forms of dominance is exactly a possibility of differentiating between economy and management.


On the basis of 1 2t/d continuous pilot experiment,the oreprocessing technology of polymetallic sulphide ore from V 1 orebody in Bainiuchang,Mengzi is discussed.


To the Editor:

We wish to express our thanks to Dr. Denton Cooley for his editorial "In Pursuit of an Eponym," which appeared in the most recent issue of this journal.1 The Greek word "eeΠώνυμον" (eponymon) derives from 2 words: "eΠί" (epi = upon) and "ώνομα" (onoma = name) and is actually what today we refer to as the family name. This means that every individual is eponymous; no one is anonymous unless his name, that is, his or her name and family name, is not known.

Thus each of us, well known or less known, will remain in the memories of the future generations by name and eponym, which is the family name. Pericles (495–429 BC), in his funeral oration honoring the first Athenians killed in the Peloponnesian War, stat-ed that "famous men have the whole earth as their memorial and they are remembered through monuments and inscriptions not only in their own country but also abroad where their memory remains inscribed in the minds of every one rather than in materially constructed monuments."2,3

I envy Dr. Cooley for his work, his teaching, and his service to medicine. Due to these achievements, he is "fortunate enough to be recognized … and might thereby, in some small measure, be immortalized."1 Therefore, he has no need to pursue an eponym; he already has a name and an eponym: DENTON A. COOLEY.


This thesis problematizes and investigates the role of the board in a public company facing a friendly takeover bid. It does this by illuminating ambiguities which concern actions of the target company board, due to the fact that the Swedish Companies Act and the Swedish Takeover Rules have not been brought into conformity with one another. The complicated role of the board is exemplified by the increased considerations of the board and risk of board liability when a bidder requests the board to enter into a break fee agreement with the bidder for the sake of the target company.

A break fee agreement entitles the bidder to compensation paid by the target company if the deal fails due to one of the stipulated triggering events. Break fee agreements are still relatively rare in the Swedish market, but the phenomenon is more common in other jurisdictions. Entry into a break fee agreement is problematic under Swedish law for several reasons. Questions may arise as to what is required to enter into an agreement compatible with the Takeover Rules, whether and when a break fee agreement can constitute a breach of the Swedish Act on Takeover Bids' takeover defense prohibition, and whether the agreement contravenes the Companies Act.

The Takeover Rules do not provide any instructions to the board on how to handle a request for a break fee agreement, besides a commentary instructing the board to draft agreements in accordance with the law and with regard to all shareholders. However, there are general principles, imported from the Takeover Directive, which the board can rely on when considering entering into a break fee agreement. It has also been asserted that the regulation of break fees in the UK Takeover Code can be used for additional guidance concerning the Swedish Takeover Rules. The UK Takeover Code is now awaiting amendments which will lead to a general prohibition of break fees. The upcoming amendments have resulted in the initiation of a review of the Swedish Takeover Rules. We have yet to see what this review will specify regarding break fees.

In situations when a competing bidder is known, the Swedish Act on Takeover Bids and its prohibition of takeover defense measures requiring shareholder authorization is a potential obstacle for a break fee agreement and its implementation. In the Companies Act there are provisions requiring the board to have competence to act on the behalf of the company, and these can constitute formal impediments to the actions of the board. The board must also be sure to fulfill its duty of loyalty to act in the interest of the company. In this thesis it is held that the notion "the interest of the company" cannot have another meaning than the interest, of all the target company's shareholders, to maximize the value of their shares. Arguably this enables the board members to agree to break fees, when it is in the interest of all shareholders, without breaching their duties of loyalty.

Nevertheless, the Companies Act contains rules, protecting the assets of the company in the interest of the creditors, which cannot by any means be disregarded. It also contains formal rules requiring the decision to enter into a break fee agreement to be made by the shareholders at a shareholder meeting. It has been argued that these rules can be put aside, since it otherwise would not be possible for the board to enter into break fee agreements without previous shareholder approval at all.

The Companies Act stipulates that judicial acts taken by the board, on behalf of the company, which are inconsistent with the authority given to the board in the Companies Act are invalid during some circumstances. It is also possible that shareholders or creditors may want to charge the target board with liability, if damage has been caused by the boards entering into a break fee agreement. The success of such a charge is, however, not very likely, since the rules in the Companies Act give little room for the compensation of loss suffered by shareholders and creditors. Nevertheless it is feasible for ten percent of the shareholders to request compensation on behalf of the company, provided that the board members acted negligently. To be on the safe side the board should make sure that the decision to enter into a break fee agreement is made by a well informed majority of the board with no conflicts of interest. Due to the upcoming amendments of the Takeover Code and the uncertainties they create it is also recommended that the board ask the Swedish Securities Council for advice before an agreement is entered into.


Multi-carrier non-orthogonal multiple access (MC-NOMA) and device-to-device (D2D) communications are hopeful techniques for enhancing energy and spectrum efficiency in the 5G cellular network. Also, one of the most critical issues in these techniques is interference. So, in this paper, mode selection, sub-channel (SC) allocation, and power allocation problems in an underlay D2D-enabled MC-NOMA network is studied, to increase the spectrum efficiency of the network and manage the co-channel interference, while users' minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) requirements is considered, where users can operate in underlay D2D mode or cellular mode. To this end, the joint problem as a system sum-rate maximization problem is formulated. Since the maximization problem is NP-hard, the problem is split into 1- SC assignment and mode selection problem and 2- power allocation problem. To jointly solve the problem of SC allocation and mode selection, an advanced matching algorithm is proposed and to solve the power allocation the sequential convex programming technique is used. Finally, to indicate the significance of the proposed algorithms, we present simulation results.


The problem of complete characterization of trees with minimal atom-bond-connectivity index (minimal-ABC trees) has a reputation as one of the most challenging and intriguing open problems in mathematical chemistry. Recently, the problem has been completely solved. Here, we provide an overview of the key results that led to its complete solution.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether odontoclastic resorption lesions were associated with radiographic evidence of periapical lucencies in cats.

DESIGN
Retrospective study.

ANIMALS
265 feline dental patients.

PROCEDURE
Full-mouth radiographs were examined for evidence of odontoclastic resorption lesions, periapical lucencies, periodontitis, and fractured teeth.

RESULTS
Odontoclastic resorption lesions affecting 567 teeth were identified in 161 (60.8%) cats. Periapical lucencies were identified in 53 teeth in 35 cats. Periapical lucencies were most commonly associated with fractured teeth (25 teeth with periapical lucencies) and severe periodontitis (21 teeth). None of the periapical lucencies appeared to be specifically associated with resorption lesions. Prevalence of periapical lucencies in cats with resorption lesions was not significantly different from prevalence in cats without.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results suggest that although odontoclastic resorption lesions are common in cats, pulpal involvement associated with these lesions does not appear to be associated with development of radiographically detectable periapical lucencies. Crown amputation with intentional root retention may, therefore, be a suitable alternative to extraction in selected cats with odontoclastic resorption lesions.


The glass production industry is one of the major users of natural gas in the US, and approximately 75% of the energy produced from natural gas is used in the melting process. Industrial scale glass melting furnaces are large devices, typically 5 or more meters wide, and twice as long. To achieve efficient heat transfer to the glass melt below, the natural gas flame must extend over a large portion of the glass melt. Therefore modern high efficiency burners are not used in these furnaces. The natural gas is injected as a jet, and a jet flame forms in the flow of air entering the furnace. In most current glass furnaces the energy required to melt the batch feed stock is about twice the theoretical requirement. An improved understanding of the heat transfer and two phase flow processes in the glass melt and solid batch mix offers a substantial opportunity for energy savings and consequent emission reductions. The batch coverage form and the heat flux distribution have a strong influence on the glass flow pattern. This flow pattern determines to a significant extent the melting rate and the quality of glass.


Senior Scientist William K. Hartman presents his final report on Mars Data Analysis Program grant number NAG5-12217: The third year of the three-year program was recently completed in mid-2005. The program has been extremely productive in research and data analysis regarding Mars, especially using Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Odyssey imagery. In the 2005 alone, three papers have already been published, to which this work contributed.1) Hartmann, W. K. 200.5. Martian cratering 8. Isochron refinement and the history of Martian geologic activity Icarus 174, 294-320. This paper is a summary of my entire program of establishing Martian chronology through counts of Martian impact craters. 2) Arfstrom, John, and W. K. Hartmann 2005. Martian flow features, moraine-like rieges, and gullies: Terrestrial analogs and interrelationships. Icarus 174,32 1-335. This paper makes pioneering connections between Martian glacier-like features and terrestrial glacial features. 3) Hartmann, W.K., D. Winterhalter, and J. Geiss. 2005 Chronology and Physical Evolution of Planet Mars. In The Solar System and Beyond: Ten Years of ISSI (Bern: International Space Science Institute). This is a summary of work conducted at the International Space Science Institute with an international team, emphasizing our publication of a conference volume about Mars, edited by Hartmann and published in 2001.


Previously, a few studies on body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors among adolescents in Thailand have been reported. The objectives of this study were to examine body image dissatisfaction in Thai female undergraduate students and determine the prevalence rates of eating disorders and associated factors among the students. The study was designed as a cross-sectional study and 447 first-year female students, enrolled for semester 2011 in Naresuan University, Thailand, participated in this study. They were asked to fill out the self-administered questionnaire, which included a sociodemographic and collegiate survey, Thai version of the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Thai version of the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), and Thai version of the perceived sociocultural pressure scale. It was found that slightly over half (56.15%) of the students had normal Body Mass Index (BMI), according to World Health Organization classification. However, some (19.24%) of the students had body image dissatisfaction (BSQ scores>110) and a few (6.34%) them had problematic eating behaviors (EAT-26 scores>20). The study also found that BMI, level of stress from education, and the perceived sociocultural pressure were correlated significantly with body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors in this population. It was found that students' fields of study were associated not with BSQ and EAT-26 scores, but with BMI, level of stress from education, and perceived pressure from society. A positive correlation between the BSQ and EAT-26 score was also found in the study.


Abstract To study the efficacy of the public policy response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, we develop a model of the rich interactions between epidemiology and socioeconomic choices. Preferences feature a "fear of death" that lead individuals to reduce their social activity and work time in the face of the pandemic. The aggregate effect of these reductions is to slow the spread of the novel coronavirus. We calibrate the model, including public policies, to developments in Ontario in the spring of 2020. The model fits the epidemiological data quite well, including the second wave starting in late 2020. We find that socioeconomic interventions work well in the short term, resulting in a rapid drop‐off in new cases. The long run, however, is governed chiefly by health developments. Welfare cost calculations point to synergies between the health and socioeconomic measures.


Most existing systems suffer from data quality problems. Data quality has been affected by many factors such as manual operation, software problems and hardware problems, especially data inconsistencies. As an important carrier of data, database system plays an important role in distributed systems. In order to reduce the impact of data inconsistency on data quality in distributed database systems, we design and implement a multi-source data inconsistency detection and repair method based on CRC algorithm.The idea of the proposed techniques is to use the rolling checksum in the rsync algorithm. In the process of data inconsistency detection, the method divides the table into chunks and calculates the checksums of data chunks in parallel for multiple data tables to detect and repair the inconsistent data. The experimental results show that the detection effect of this method is consistent with that of the traditional method which comparing source data with target data. The detection rate is as high as 99%, but it performs better than the traditional method, and the running time is reduced by about 20%.


This paper proposes a novel approach in the offline Software-in-the-Loop (SIL) simulation technique to speed up the firmware development cycle of power electronics and enhance the firmware maintenance of commercial products. In the conventional SIL simulation process, Model-in-the-Loop (MIL) is always performed prior to the execution of SIL because it allows users to automatically generate C code for testing in the subsequent SIL. Furthermore, the target device can be programmed with the compiled files only if the simulation tools support specific models of control chips. In light of this, the goal to use SIL to validate firmware in early power electronics product development becomes more complex and limited due to the limited selection of simulation tools. In this paper, non-preemptive scheduling (NPS) and common firmware architecture (CFA) are explored to illustrate the integration of the application layer for implementing the proposed offline SIL. Users can directly use circuit simulation software that supports Dynamic-Link Library (DLL) to simultaneously develop source codes and verify the offline SIL process of the product. To further illustrate the practical application of the power electronics product in the microcontroller (MCU) mock model and the power stage circuit model, a single 300W power module composed of three single-phase quasi-resonant (QR) flyback current source converters connected in parallel and cascaded with an H-bridge unfolder is used as an example to execute offline SIL in the SIMULINK. Finally, a system-level experiment was conducted to validate the firmware of 16 power modules assembled in a 4.8 kW fuel cell (FC) grid-tie inverter system, which was modulated through the power management unit (PMU) and the monitoring graphical user interface (GUI).


This paper presents an explicit analytical iteration method for form-finding analysis of suspension bridges. By extending the conventional analytical form-finding method predicated on the elastic catenary theory, two nonlinear governing equations are derived for calculating the accurate unstrained lengths of the entire cable systems both the main cable and the hangers. And for the gradient-based iteration method, the derivation of explicit calculation for the Jacobian matrix while solving the nonlinear governing equation enhances the computational efficiency. The results from sensitivity analysis show well performance of the explicit Jacobian matrix compared with the traditional finite difference method. According to two numerical examples of long span suspension bridges studied, the proposed method is also compared with those reported approaches or the fundamental criterions in suspension bridge structural analysis, which eventually confirms the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach.


In order to study the properties of new energetic compounds formed by
introducing nitroazoles into 2,4,6-trinitrobezene, the density, heat of
formation and detonation properties of 36
nitro-1-(2,4,6-trinitrobenzene)-1H-azoles energetic compounds are
studied by density functional theory, and their stability and melting
point are predicted. The results show that most of target compounds have
good detonation properties and stability. And it is found that
nitro-1-(2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole compounds and
nitro-1-(2,4,6-trinitropenyl)-1H-Imidazole compounds have good thermal
stability, and their weakest bond is C-NO2 bond, the bond dissociation
energy of the weakest bond is 222 kJ mol-1-238 kJ mol-1 and close to TNT
(235 kJ mol-1). The weakest bond of the other compounds may be the C-NO2
bond or the N-N bond, and the strength of the N-N bond is related to the
nitro group on azole ring.


More than 100 patients at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School Hospitals have been treated by intravenous hyperosmotic alimentation as described recently by Dudrick et al. One patient had an acute hypersensitivity reaction and another patient had a hyperosmotic coma resulting from the hyperalimentation solution.


This study is genre based translation. This article is aimed to explore 4 texts and its translations in notice boards of tourism objects in Bali. The first is the notice board found on Kuta Beach. The second is in the Nusa Dua beach, Denpasar. The third is in Dreamland, Pecatu. The last is found in Pura Gunung Raung, Gianyar. Then, to find the recommendations based on the finding to the translator. There are three kinds of mistakes found in those texts. They are: word choices, explicitations, and Addition/omission.


deCugnac and Chateau, "Evolution of the Morphology of Silver Bromide Crystals During Physical Ripening', Science et Industries Photographiques, vol. 33, No. 2 (1962) pp. 121-125. Duffin, Photographic Emulsion Chemistry, Focal Press, 1966 pp. 66-72. Trivelli and Smith, "The Effect of Silver Iodide Upon the Structure of Bromo-Iodide Precipitation Series', The Photographic Journal, vol. LXXX, Jul. 1940, pp. 285-288.


In this article, we adopted an approach using consistently stepped identical reset-pulses to program the multilevel conductance in HfOx/AlOy superlattice-like memristors. Through the experimental measurements by applying a series of identical reset-pulses, the conductance of memristors is confirmed to converge to a stable and uniform value, with the achieved conductance state depending on the applied pulse amplitude. Later, the adopted programming approach is comprehensively discussed in terms of pulse selection and programming scenarios. Based on the fact the converged conductance is strongly associated with the applied pulse amplitude, the eight-level lookup table programming method is established and applied, and it outperforms the write-verify method in terms of programming complexity, programming variations, and retention performance. The underlying programming mechanism and the memristor evolution process are also discussed.


Spam messages have been causing much impact on email users. There are many different techniques and measures applied to detect and classify spam messages with other emails. Filters have been installed and configured to detect spam emails based on their identifying characteristics. However, relying only on filters is very easy to miss spam emails because spammers often try to use techniques to bypass the filter's control. The most effective approach in spam detection today is to find ways to analyze the content of emails. However, it is recognized that each natural language will have different analytical and identification characteristics, so it is not possible to use the same technique or method for all languages. In this paper, we will present a method to detect Vietnamese email based on the process of analyzing email content in both HTML and image formats. machine learning, spam, spam detection.


causal relationship between venlafaxine and hyponatremia. The precipitous drop in Ms. A's serum sodium level within 1 week of venlafaxine initiation and a similarly brisk return toward eunatremia after its discontinuation were associated with the onset and later resolution of her delirium. When prescribing antidepressants for elderly and medically ill patients, physicians are alerted to the possibility of SSRI- or venlafaxine-associated hyponatremia and to monitor pretreatment and posttreatment sodium levels. Patients treated with venlafaxine who have mental status changes need prompt assessment of fluid and electrolyte status. Patients already at risk of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion because of cancer and/ or CNS disease should be managed with particular caution. James A. Bourgeois, O.D., M.D. Sacramento, Calif.


Paramount Salt Handicraft A wholesale Himalayan salt company was previously doing business in traditional way and was limited only to the local market. However from the start day management was planning to expand the business to more locations and to attract more customers. So to expand the business and to attract the international customers and customers from other cities of Sweden it was necessary to make it available over the internet so that customers can easily get knowledge about the company's products and purchase them. So the need of an online web shop was realized to bring the company's plan into reality. The online shop will be act as a medium of interaction between the customers and the company and it will enable the customers to buy products online and make payments electronically and after that the products will delivered to them. Throughout the process the customers can easily track the overall status of their orders.


In this study, investigated are the effects of tool rake angles and the change of cutting conditions on the specific cutting pressure in face milling. The cutting force in face milling is predicted from the double cutting edge model in3-dimensional cutting. Conventional specific cutting pressure model is modified by considering the variation of tool rake angles. Effectiveness of the modified cutting force model is verified by the experiments using special face milling cutters with different cutter pockets and various rake angles. From the comparison of the presented model and the specific cutting pressure, it is shown that the axial force can be predicted by the tangential force, radial force and geometric conditions. Also, the rela- tionship between specific cutting pressure and cutting conditions including feedrate, cutting velocity and depth of cut is studied.


Partner Community Partnership Program is a micro entrepreneur, small, medium sized car Body Paint. The problems that occur in partners are the lack of adequate work tools for operational activities, unorganized business management, human resources that are less professional in the workplace, and the innovation of marketing strategies Not appropriate so it is difficult to develop. The main objective of the Community partnership Program activities titled "Optimizing Micro Enterprise, Small medium Car Body Paint based on Total Quality Management and innovation Marketing strategy" is addressing the various problems of lack of adequate work tools To conduct operational activities, human resources that are less professional in working, unorganized business management, and marketing strategies that exist in the business partners. These problems, make it still difficult for business partners to develop their business so that it needs to be done a community partnership Program solving and participatory in accordance with the problems faced by the business partners. This activity involves 2 (two) students of the Faculty of Economics and Business Prodi of Management Muhammadiyah Jember in hopes that they learn how to implement the TQM and innovate in the marketing strategy in the business world and help the activities to be carried out. Specific targets in the PKM program are emphasized on the provision of work tools that can improve productivity, the implementation of Total Quality Management, and mentoring innovating marketing strategies. Expected external target in the Community partnership Program, among others: 1) Procurement of work tools more complete and modern so as to increase productivity ie with the procurement of Spray Gun, Compresor, polishing machine, Tool Set mechanics and Tools Ketok Magic for car dent. 2) Improvement of organizational structure and division of employees ' clear duties on business partners. 3) Training and mentoring the implementation of Total Quality Management so that the business is run with integrated management and all human resources involved working professionally and with a clear division of work, and 4) training and Mentoring the right marketing strategy


AbstractTo evaluate short crack growth and fatigue damage accumulation in steel structures, efforts have been made based on a two-dimensional (2D) grain-based model for fatigue life assessment unde...


This paper is concerned with the packing of equal spheres in Euclidean spaces [n] of n > 8 dimensions. To be precise, a packing is a distribution of spheres any two of which have at most a point of contact in common. If the centres of the spheres form a lattice, the packing is said to be a lattice packing. The densest lattice packings are known for spaces of up to eight dimensions (1, 2), but not for any space of more than eight dimensions. Further, although non-lattice packings are known in [3] and [5] which have the same density as the densest lattice packings, none is known which has greater density than the densest lattice packings in any space of up to eight dimensions, neither, for any space of more than two dimensions, has it been shown that they do not exist.


This paper discusses the architecture design and network layout of publics transport service system and gives the system design.We discuss the technical and non-technical problems in the implementation of the system,which lay the foundation for the construction of urban traffic publics traveling service system and for the development of traffic intelligence.


A comparison is made of the crack resistance (R-curve), fracture toughness and instability behaviour of candidate damage tolerant aluminiumlithium alloys, 2091 and 8090, and the widely used conventional 2024-T3 alloy. The 2091 alloy was in three heat treatment conditions, T8X, TX and TY, all artificially aged. The 8090 alloy was in the T81 condition. The crack resistances and fracture toughnesses of 2091-T8X and 8091-T81 were similar to those of 2024-T3, but at a 50 MPa lower yield strength level. The crack resistances and fracture toughnesses of 2091-TX and 2091-TY were much inferior. In all cases stable (slow) crack growth was ductile, but unstable crack growth in 2091-TX and 2091-TY was 100 % intergranular and macroscopically brittle. Unstable crack growth in 2091-T8X was 50 % intergranular and macroscopically ductile. Fractographic analysis indicated the 2091-TX and
2091-TY alloys to be sensitive to dynamic effects, such that the dynamic fracture toughness could be significantly lower than the quasi-static fracture toughness. This may also be true of 2091-T8X. In view of these results, fail-safe crack arrest tests should be included in any evaluation of damage tolerant Al-Li sheet alloys for aircraft structures.
This paper has been prepared for the ASTM Symposium on Cyclic Deformation, Fracture, and Nondestructive Evaluation of Advanced Materials, San Antonio, November 1990.


As in other countries of the Danubian Basin, the Hungarians of historic Subcarpathian Rus' (Hungarian—Kárpátalja), present-day Transcarpathia, did not become a national minority until 1919. Before then they were simply Hungarians—and part of the dominant state nationality—living in the northeastern corner of the Hungarian Kingdom. With the border changes that occurred in 1919-1920, the Hungarians of Transcarpathia/Subcarpathian Rus' found themselves within the borders of the new state of Czechoslovakia. Since then borders and countries have changed several times, so that Transcarpathia's Hungarians have found themselves in Czechoslovakia (1919-1938), again in Hungary (1938-1944), in the Soviet Union (1945-1991), and in an independent Ukraine (1991-present). Regardless of what state may have ruled Subcarpathian Rus'/Transcarpathia, it has remained a distinct administrative entity—at times, with a degree of autonomy—throughout most of the twentieth century.


As common teachers teaching aid method in teaching,teaching courseware not only concerns teaching effect of teachers,but also directly affects the study of students in classroom and after class.High quality courseware not only can increase some points for teachers,but also produce the good teaching effect.Therefore,based on the innovation of teaching courseware,this paper adopts mind map and Flash developing the multimedia teaching courseware of The Theory and Practice of the Instructional Media,and introduces the key technology of courseware realization,has a actual value for the development of multimedia teaching courseware.


The extension of Maxwell-LaGrange theory for electromechanical and mechatronic systems with arbitrary incomplete differential programs of motion is made. The formalism describing dynamics of such systems are created. The RsL-M covariant form of the equations of motion is resulted. As an example dynamics of flat model of an electromechanical air simulator is considered.


Spent pickle liquor is pertinent to hazardous waste. Several cases of recovery and regeneration methods are employed to recover and regenerate the acid and metals from the spent pickling liquor. But these methods are sumptuous, and not amenable for small scale manufactures. There are severe problems in its disposal to lined sites (landfills). A survey has been guaranteed to minimize the generation of the pickling sludge by different neutralizing agents and their compounding.


This work presents the concepts and the achieved results of a proposed microphone array algorithm based on multi-dimensional Wiener filter developed to work on blocks of speech. The inputs to the algorithm are two correlation matrices: the correlation matrix of the background noise affecting the desired signal and the correlation matrix of the signal affected by the noise. Experiments show that improvements of more than 12dB on signal to noise ratio can be achieved when comparing the filtered signals with one of the microphone array channels. In order to save computational load, the input signal is processed in blocks of a specified size and a technique is proposed to reduce blocking effects on the output filtered signal. It will be shown that practically there are no blocking effects. It is also shown that the technique is independent of the array physical configuration.


Using visual information, such as lip shapes and movements, as the secondary source of speech information has been shown to make speech recognition systems more robust to problems associated with environmental noise, training/testing mismatch and channel and speech style variations. Research into utilising visual information for speech recognition has been ongoing for 20 years, however over this period, a study into which visual information is the most useful or pertinent to improving speech recognition systems has yet to be performed. This paper presents a study to determine the confusability of the phonemes grouped into their viseme classes over various levels of noise in the audio domain. The rationale behind this approach is that by establishing the interclass confusion for a group of phonemes in their viseme class, a better understanding can be obtained on the complementary nature of the separate audio and visual information sources and this can be subsequently applied in the fusion stage of an audio-visual speech processing (AVSP) system. The experiments performed show high interclass confusion variability at the 0dB and -6dB SNR levels. Further analysis found that this was mainly due to a phonetic imbalance in the dataset. Due to this result, it was suggested that it would be appropriate for an AVSP system used for digit recognition applications heavily weight the visual modality for the phonemes that are most prevalent such as the phoneme N.


A 61-year-old woman complained intermittently of left facial and orbital pain for over 10 years, following a traumatic injury to her left eye. This injury had left her with a significant visual deficit and had been acknowledged as the cause of her pain. The patient presented with a state of increased confusion and decreased left upper limb power. Plain CT revealed low attenuation lesions straddling the left Sylvian fissure (Fig. 1A) and a left-sided fronto-temporal subdural collection with moderate mid-line displacement. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated high signal intensity along the left sphenoidal wing extending to the left frontal and temporo-parietal region (Fig. 1B,C). An exploratory left fronto-temporal craniotomy revealed a large chronic subdural haematoma overlying the left fronto-parietal cortex. The haematoma was continuous with the tumour over the sphenoidal ridge and the anterior aspect of the middle cranial fossa. A soft sparsely vascular tumour was found over the left sphenoidal wing and was excised completely. Histopathological examination revealed a meningothelial meningioma (World Health Organization Grade 1). Specific stains excluded a vascular malformation.


Administrative compulsory implementation is a widespread and severe law enlorcement lor the counterpart. It is necessary to regulate the enactment to change the situation that the regulation documents in different levels can regulate it and pay more attention to the enforcement process in dealing with various means of compulsory implementation. When the counterpart is subject to unfair compulsory implementation, they will be offered legal remedy.


Ali et al. present a study on an interesting and important topic: biomass estimation for subtropical forests in the East Asian monsoon region. The study is generally well intraoduced and clearly structured. The data set is most probably appropriate to tackle the research questions raised by the authors. The choice of analytical methods, however, needs considerable reconsideration in some regards.


In 2012, the central government continued to underscore and reiterated the significance of the balanced development of compulsory education, renewed its support for local governments to materialize such a goal of balanced development, and finished signing the "Memorandum of the Balanced Development of Compulsory Education" with all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities throughout the country. At the same time, the State Council and the Ministry of Education issued multiple policies to promote a real balanced development of compulsory education. There were still plenty of problems in realizing the balanced development of compulsory education in rural areas and areas with weak foundations. The overall investment ratio in educational funding remained low, and when compared with urban funding, the imbalances in funding became especially pronounced. The test-oriented education in today's China has almost "kidnapped" students, schools and families. Keywords: central government; China; compulsory education; educational funding; test-oriented education


Abstract. When ultrashort laser pulses are focused inside a glass at a high repetition rate, structural changes occur because of the heat accumulation from the train of laser pulses. This report describes phase measurement of the structural changes induced inside glass by phase-shifting digital holographic microscopy. Two-dimensional phase distribution across the structural change for static exposure is retrieved. By focusing femtosecond laser pulses at the interface between two glass substrates, melted materials can directly weld glass plates. Quantitative phase measurement of welded glass substrates revealed that the refractive index decreased in the laser-irradiated zone.


It is evident that an appropriate alternative care system without residential care cannot be provided and any attempts to do so have failed children and young people. The key factors in the delivery of high quality residential care are outlined.


The result of the research analysis of pre-experiment shows that the t-test is 10,5 and value of t-table is 2,093. It means that the result of t-test higher than t table so, null hypothesis is rejected. It also proved that there is a significant difference on Reading between the students who were treated by using Learning Community in (CTL) Method. Based on the result of t-test, the researcher draws a conclusion that the use of Learning Community in (CTL) Method is more effective in teaching Reading.


An investigation of cooldown using atmospheric dump valves (ADVs) and auxiliary pressurizer spray (APS) following loss-of-offsite power at Calvert Cliffs-1 showed residual heat removal entry conditions could not be reached with the plant ADVs alone. Use of APS with the plant ADVs enhanced depressurization, but still provided insufficient cooldown. Effective cooldown and depressurization was shown to occur when rated steady state flow through the ADVs was increased by a factor of four. 6 refs., 30 figs., 2 tabs.


The research regarding the characteristics of family firm governance are mixed, with some studies suggesting the presence of benefits of concentrated ownership and others suggesting increased conflict among family employees.To better understand the functioning of family businesses, both the positive and negative aspects of family firm governance must be explored. Initially, the background information on the characteristics of public firms is discussed, as is the agency of private owner-managed firms.The agency issues of these firms are then compared and contrasted to the agency issues at controlling-owner family firms.Both the negative aspects and the positive aspects of parental altruism are discussed.The impact of the stage of ownership is also examined, including the effects of sibling ownership and cousin consortium. Based on this information, several propositions are presented.The main thesis focuses upon the distinctive governing characteristics of family firms--i.e., family firms are a combination of the characteristics of private ownership, owner-management, and altruism. The implications of the propositions are discussed, limitations, and areas for future research are presented. (AKP)


Gondwana, with East Antarctica as its center, began to break up during Late Triassic to Early Jurassic time. Use of the satellite derived gravity map to approximate the ocean-continent boundary allows us to generate a much tighter fit for the reconstructed supercontinent then previously attempted. Major mantle plumes such as the Karoo-Ferrar Plume that first split Gondwana at about 182 Ma, the Parana-Etendeka plume at 132 Ma that split South America and Africa, the Marion plume at 88 Ma that split Madagascar and India and finally the Reunion hotspot that split the Mascarene Plateau from India at 64 Ma, were all critical events in the break-up of Gondwana. Our tight-fit produces overlap between cratonic East Antarctica and the Limpopo Plain of Mozambique but there is no evidence that the crustal material underlying the Limpopo Plain pre-dates the break-up of Gondwana. Likewise Madagascar has been recon structed so that it substantially overlies coastal East Africa in the vicinity of the Anza Trough, an early Jurassic rift in Kenya. The western margin of the island of Madagascar may in fact be crustal material that is younger than the break-up. It may have been produced as a result of the Karoo mantle plume or some may have been the result of the Marion hotspot. Between South America and Africa there are three significant overlaps. Two of them are deltaic, and the third is the Abrolhos and Royal Charlotte banks which post-date Gondwanide breakup by 80 to 100 million years. key words: Gondwana break-up, Mesozoic Paleoreconstructions, ocean-continent boundaries, Karoo-Ferrar Mantle Plume, overlap


Welcome to this special issue on Rethinking Knowledge Management of the Journal of Information and Knowledge Management. The articles included are a selection of some of the best papers presented at the Eighth International Conference on Knowledge Management (ICKM), Johannesburg, 4 6 September 2012. The subject ̄eld of Knowledge Management is relatively di®used and scattered into diverging concepts, perspectives and disciplines. This conference explored trends about the future of Knowledge Management and provided an international platform for the presentation, discussion and debate of diverse and professional approaches and research on recent and future developments in Knowledge Management. The paper by Jean-Pierre Booto Ekionea, G erard Fillion and Vivi Ko± deals with Knowledge Management Capabilities (KMC) development at the municipal context to assess its impact on organisational performance. By using a KMC maturity model, which has ̄ve levels of maturity, the authors explain how to better understand the phenomenon of KMC in a municipal context. Joyline Makani explores ways in which knowledge-intensive organisations can successfully develop and implement Knowledge Management systems in the second article. She suggests that both organisational knowledge-intense attributes and knowledge-intense worker activities inform the choice and application of Knowledge Management systems in these organisations. Franz Barachini and Chris Stary discuss how the incorporation of non-economic indicators in corporate management systems could help to bridge the gap between poor and rich economies. They propose the capitalisation of labour costs, the provision for costs caused in indirect value chains, environmental and social measures in scorecards, new remuneration schemas for managers, and a change in management attitudes towards Knowledge Management. Knowledge Management has been proposed as one of the most e®ective ways to reduce medical errors and in the fourth article, Yong-Mi Kim and Donna Newby-Bennett holistically investigate knowledge sharing with regard to patient safety in the healthcare industry and propose that knowledge sharing can be nurtured or suppressed by organisational structures such as rules and policies. Inter-organisational networks and Communities of Practice are two areas of inquiry of interest to Knowledge Management, especially when innovation is an important organisational goal. In the ̄fth article, Lourens Koen and Christiaan Maasdorp propose that innovation networks and Communities of Practice can respectively facilitate and support exploration and exploitation. Whilst networks and communities are di®erent structures, they have complimentary e®ects and when combined could bring organisations closer to an optimal innovative structure. The paper by Paul Laughton takes a qualitative approach to identifying practices and trends amongst four World Data Centres operating in the knowledge economy. Data is an abundant resource in the knowledge economy and the need for data centres and storage solutions to harness this data is evident. Recommendations are made to improve data practices amongst data centres in the knowledge economy. Jaco Pienaar discusses the importance of intellectual capital measurement in the mass media. The framework proposed in this article gives a multi-disciplinary and holistic approach in understanding and contextualising a company's presence in the public space. It takes into account and accepts the value of intellectual capital to an organisation and guides strategic °ows and potential outcomes in this regard. In the last article by Toyohide Watanabe and Masato Aoki on contents-analysis support for better reference to technical papers, the authors explain that it is not easy for researchers to ̄nd newly research subjects or grasp Journal of Information & Knowledge Management, Vol. 11, No. 4 (2012) 1202001 (2 pages) #.c World Scienti ̄c Publishing Co. DOI: 10.1142/S0219649212020017 December 13, 2012 2:45:37pm WSPC/188-JIKM 1202001 ISSN: 0219-6492 FA1


Lung Cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, despite of significant advance of treatment strategies including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Although chemotherapy is the first choice for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLCs) except surgery, radiotherapy is primary treatment modality for patients with unresectable NSCLC on its own or with another treatment like chemotherapy. CXCR4 is chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 whose ligand is Stromal-derived-factor-1 (SDF1a), so-called CXCL12. According to the current reports, CXCR4 is widely expressed by malignant tumor and crucial for tumor growth, vascularization, metastasis, cell migration and related to poor prognosis. Here, we show that CXCR4 signaling confers resistance to ionizing radiation (IR) in NSCLCs. Drug-resistant A549/GR cells with enhanced CXCR4 expression exhibited high colony forming ability after IR compared with A549 cells. Transfection of siRNA against CXCR4 or treatment of pharmacological inhibitor (AMD3100) sensitized these cells to IR. Reversely, overexpression of CXCR4 in A549 and H460 enhanced clonogenic survival after IR. IR stimulated CXCR4 expression and CXCR4-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation in NSCLCs. Inhibition of STAT3 by WP1066 or siSTAT3 significantly suppressed the colony forming ability, indicating that CXCR4-mediated STAT3 signaling is important for IR resistance in NSCLC cells. CXCR4/STAT3 signaling upregulated the expression of Slug and down-regulation of Slug with siRNA increased IR sensitivity in NSCLCs. Taken together, our data suggest that CXCR4/STAT3/Slug axis is crucial for IR resistance of NSCLCs and is able to be considered as a therapeutic target for enhancing IR sensitivity of this devastating cancer. Citation Format: Dae-Hee Lee, Jeong-Yub Kim, Hee-Jin Kim, Myung-Jin Park. CXCR4 endows radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells through STAT3-mediated Slug expression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3207.


Computational fluid dynamic has already become a widely used and indispensable design and optimization tool in many technical areas. In the present work, the CFD simulations have been coupled with complex chemical reactions to model a membrane tubular reactor which is used to produce phenol from benzene in the vapor phase. Hydrogen dissociates on the palladium layer and reacts with oxygen to give active oxygen species, which attack benzene to produce phenol. In principal, reaction occurs in the surface of palladium and conversion of benzene is increased by changing the length and diameter of the Pd coated PSS tubes. The reactor length and diameter are two geometrical factors which are concerned in the present study. Although increasing the reactor length increase the conversion of benzene to phenol but the concentration of the phenol start to decrease. Based on the data provided by the experiments, a mathematical model has been constructed to conduct a simulation which leads us to an optimum design of a new tubular membrane micro-reactor.


Abstract The plant family Orobanchaceae includes many parasitic weeds that are also impressive invaders and aggressive crop pests with several specialized features (e.g. microscopic seeds, parasitic habits). Although they have provoked several large-scale eradication and control efforts, no global evaluation of their invasive potential is as yet available. We use tools from ecological niche modeling in combination with occurrence records from herbarium specimens to evaluate the global invasive potential of each of 10 species in this assemblage, representing several of the worst global invaders. The invasive potential of these species is considerable, with all tropical and subtropical countries, and most temperate countries, vulnerable to invasions by one or more of them.


A dominant strain of bacteria which was isolated from the liver and kidney of the diseased Anguilla japonica was named as AJL01.Artificial injection test proved that bacteriaum AJL01 was the pathogenic bacteriaum that triggered this ulcer disease.It was also showed that E.tarda was virulent against eel with a LD50 value of 2.6×103cfu/g.According to morphogenetic features,physiological and biological characteristics and 16S rDNA homology comparison of the bacteriaum,the pathogenic bacteriaum was Edwardsiella tarda;Moreover,the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)of five Chinese herbals and their combination compounds between each other against Edwardsiella tarda were measured.The results showed that five Chinese herbals could kill Edwardsiella tarda,the range of MIC and MBC were from 0.5 mg/mL to 3.0 mg/mL.Six of the ten compounds could synergistically inhibit the growth of the bacterium,especially the Rheum Palmatum and Puncia Granatum,Puncia Granatum and Rhizoma Polygoni,Scutellaria Baicalensis and Rheum Palmatum.The FIC was less than 0.5,and the MIC and MBC less than or equal to 0.47mg/mL.


The author discusses the terminology of mixes, the form of standard mixes and the compliance requirements in British standards and codes. The proposed harmonisation assumes the withdrawal of the older codes cp114, cp115 and cp116 and that the harmonisation of the relative documents is mainly an editorial one. The two key documents are BS 5328 and section 6 of cp110, but the specialised structural codes BS 5337 and BS 5400 are important. The major problem is seen to be in deciding the demarcation between BS 5328h and cp110h where there is considerable repetition. Present anomalies in codes such as BS 5337 and BS 5400 could be avoided by deleting most of the requirements for concrete and reference made to the appropriate part of the harmonised BS 5328h and cp110h. Additional workmanship or constructional processes essential for specialised construction could be accommodated by short clauses overriding those in the harmonised standards of BS 5328h and cp110h. (TRRL)


Objective
To analyze the possible causes of liver uptake in 99Tcm-MDP bone scan.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on 20 cases of abnormal liver uptake in bone scan in our hospital from January 2013 to July 2015. The results were compared with other imaging examinations and/or pathological findings and laboratory examinations.

Results
Twenty patients were found to have abnormal liver uptake of the imaging agent, including 3 cases with primary liver injury, 17 cases with secondary liver injury, which include 1 case with multiple myeloma and 7 cases with liver metastasis (5 cases with colorectal cancer, 1 with from hepatocellular carcinoma, 1 case with lung cancer) , and 1 case of liver uptake after iron treatment.

Conclusion
Abnormal liver uptake of 99Tcm-MDP in bone imaging is associated with several reasons; barring technical reasons, we should be alert to the liver injury caused by various reasons to provide reference for patients prior to clinical intervention.

Key words:
Technetium Tc 99m methylenediphosphonate; Bone imaging; Liver; Abnormal uptake