Critically ill adult patients with a ventilator in intensive care often receive treatment that causes pain. Pain is a symptom that often occurs in critically ill adult patients with ventilator and it is very individual. Pain assessment in critically ill patients with the ventilator is needed because of the patient unable to self-report of pain. Pain assessments critically ill adult patients have been developed. However, there is no valid and reliable instrument to assess pain. The objectives of the literature review are to identify the instruments of pain assessment in patients with ventilator. The method of literature was performed through seeking publication of articles in MEDLINE, Google Search, PubMed, and Proquest with keywords pain assessment, tool, critical care, adult, critically ill, unconscious and ventilator. Literatures were undertaken from 2000-2015 with a cross-sectional study design, before and after studies and observational study. The results of the study according to the characteristics of the research was found five pain assessment instruments, they were NVPS, P.A.I.N, Comfort scale, BPS and CPOT. The validity and reliability CPOT is highest among others. All instruments had been measured its validity and reliability, but it had never tested its sensitivity and specificity. So, more researches should be conducted related to the sensitivity and specificity of all the instruments of pain in critically ill adult patients with a ventilator. Keywords : Pain assessment, critically ill, adult, ventilator.


Summary: The scientific and methodological approach is elaborated to evaluate the economic effectiveness of investment projects with risk consideration, which, unlike the exist-ing ones, gives the opportunity to take into account the causal relationships between the main factors of risk and take them into account comprehensively when evaluating the economic effectiveness of investment projects depending on their specific character. The results are tested on the example of purchasing equipment for the limited liability company "Ukr-Polymer".


Two designs of high resolution beam position monitor, based on a radiofrequency re-entrant cavity, are developed at CEA/Saclay. The first monitor is developed in the framework of the European CARE/SRF program. It is designed to work at cryogenic temperature in a clean environment and get a high resolution with the possibility to perform bunch to bunch measurements. Two prototypes with a large aperture (78 mm) are installed in the Free electron LASer in Hamburg (FLASH), at DESY. The other design with an aperture of 18 mm and a large frequency separation between monopole and dipole modes, as well as a low loop exposure to the electric fields is developed for the Clic Test Facility (CTF3) probe beam CALIFES at CERN. It is operated in single bunch and multi-bunches modes. This paper presents the mechanical and signal processing designs of both systems. Simulation and experimental results will be discussed.


making recognition discretionary is questionable. There is also ample citation of commentary in books and articles. Controversial and doubtful areas are well canvassed, for example the scope of the difficult section 8 of the 1933 Act, the provisions in the 1920 and 1933 Acts relating to due service or notice in the original country, and refusal of enforcement on grounds of public policy. The book will thus be of great use to lawyers, not least practitioners, in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries. It will be the academic rather than the practitioner who will read the account in Chapter 1 of the origins of the schemes. It is valuable to have this history recorded, which, like the rest of the book, obviously involved a great deal of skilled and painstaking research. It seems a pity then that the opportunity was not taken to make the book even more useful by including a section on enforcement and recognition at common law, thus encompassing the whole field in a single volume. It is not altogether clear why the common law is not dealt with, except in passing. It is not as if the book as it stands is confined to enforcement and recognition as between Commonwealth States. Nor can the explanation be that it is only in the statutory and conventional spheres that Commonwealth law in this area is largely homogeneous. It is true that references are frequently made to the common law in explaining and interpreting the statutory provisions (which are often based on it), and it may be that much of it is thus incidentally dealt with. But does that not perhaps go to show that it could have been treated in its own right without greatly increasing the size of the book? However that may be, Professor Patchett's book is a considerable contribution to the study of both Commonwealth law and the conflict of laws, and will establish itself as the natural source to turn to on matters within its scope.


Peripheral blood from normal and hypophysectomized rats was examined for FSH-RF activity. Assays for FSH-RF activity consisted of measurement of depletion of FSH in the pituitaries of normal male rats or castrated rats pretreated with testosterone propionate (TP). FSH-RF activity was found in plasma of male rats hypophysectomized for 1 or 2 months but not for 3 months. FSH-RF activity was diminished after elimination of cranial circulation. It was not affected by administration of 1 mg FSH over a 5-day period. No FSH-RF activity was detected in peripheral blood or plasma of normal rats of either sex or male rats hypophysectomized 10 days previously or female rats hypophysectomized 10, 30, 60 or 90 days previously, or in the peripheral blood of hypophysectomized and gonadectomized rats. (Endocrinology 81: 1226, 1967)


While teaching a nine-week mini-course in science fiction and fantasy literature, I made an important discovery: this "sub-genre" can be used to stimulate philosophical inquiry, that is, the ability to think critically and creatively and to make connections among disciplines. My students were involved in group discussions about sets of novels arranged around various themes. In one group, two members were inviting their peers to explore metaphysical questions raised by Ursula K. Le Guin's Lathe of Heaven (1976) and Isaac Asimov's End of Eternity (1986). (The first novel focuses on a character whose dreams change reality; the second on a member of an elite order whose time-travel technology allows them to reshape the past, present, and future to their desires and purposes.) These two students, who were also taking a logic course in the math department at the time, suggested that it is impossible to distinguish between dream and reality. Provoked, another student argued that persons who are awake can feel pain while persons who are dreaming do not. "Yes, but can't you think you're feeling pain in a dream?" the philosophic pair retorted, dismissing this rather simplistic argument. "Can't you tell the difference between being awake and asleep by violation of natural laws? I mean, if someone dreams that she is floating through the air with no support, doesn't that give us a way of seeing a difference?" offered another in the group. The second group was comparing and contrasting views of life after a nuclear holocaust: Alas, Babylon, Pat Frank (1976); A Canticle for Leibowitz, Walter Miller, Jr. (1976); Shikasta, Doris Lessing (1979). Their questions were interdisciplinary, moving between scientific and social issues. "The thing that bothers me is that all these books think a nuclear war is survivable. I'm not sure. Could anyone really survive a nuclear winter?" wondered one student aloud. A second suggested that we all should encourage politicians to freeze the production of nuclear weapons; still a third went back to Miller's novel to ask again this question: even if we survived, wouldn't we just do it again? Students in a third group were discussing the role of the hero in T. H. White's Once and Future


Bodies abound in Rimbaud's poetry in a way that is nearly unprecedented in the nineteenth-century poetic canon: lazy, creative, rule-breaking bodies, queer bodies, marginalized and impoverished bodies, revolting and revolutionary, historical bodies. The question that this book seeks to answer is: what does this sheer, corporeal density mean for reading Rimbaud? What kind of sense are we to make of this omnipresence of the body in the Rimbaldian corpus from the earliest poems celebrating the simple delight of running away from wherever one is and stretching one's legs out under a table, to the ultimate flight away from poetry itself? In response, it argues that the body appears—often literally—as a kind of gap, breach, or aperture through which Rimbaud's poems enter into contact with history and a larger body of other texts. Simply put, the body is privileged "lyrical material" for Rimbaud: a figure for human beings in their exposed, finite creatureliness and in their unpredictable agency and interconnectedness. Its presence in the early work allows us not only to contemplate what a strange, sensuous thing it is to be embodied, to be both singular and part of a collective, it also allows the poet to diagnose, and the reader to perceive, a set of seemingly intractable, real socio-economic, political, and symbolic problems. Rimbaud's bodies are, in other words, utopian bodies: sites where the historical and the lyrical, the ideal and the material, do not so much cancel each other out as become caught up in one another.


Abstract The influence of quenching rate and nitrogenation in melt-spun Nd1.2Fe10.6Mo1.4 has been investigated in terms of microstructure, phase formation and magnetic properties. Increasing the quenching rate leads to smaller grain size. However, it also implies a change in the crystallized phase structure. We obtained a pure ThMn12 (1:12) structure at quenching rates up to 30 m/s, leading to an average grain size of 220 nm. Magnetic measurements of the as-spun ribbons revealed a reduction of the saturation magnetization for samples quenched above 30 m/s. This is attributed to the formation of a paramagnetic phase and/or magnetic phase with a Curie temperature (TC) close to room temperature which is confirmed by 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy. The analysis of the spectra rules out the presence of a ferromagnetic TbCu7 (1:7) phase, which is usually reported in such system. The ribbons were nitrogenated in order to form the harder magnetic phase Nd1.2Fe10.6Mo1.4Nx. The ribbon quenched at 30 m/s with the pure ThMn12 nitride structure is the optimum sample for getting hard magnetic properties, with a coercivity of 0.6 T, saturation magnetization of 1.15 T and Curie temperature of 350 °C. Finally, we show the good stability of the later phase structure at elevated temperatures (≤ TC), making this compound a good candidate for permanent magnet applications.


I discuss the spin structure of the nucleon at low photon virtualities in the framework of a Lorentz-invariant formulation of baryon chiral perturbation theory. The structure functions of doubly virtual Compton scattering are calculated to oneloop accuracy. The role of the delta and other resonances is analyzed and first steps towards a covariant effective field theory with spin-3/2 fields are outlined. As an example, the quark mass expansion of the delta mass is discussed.


A new method of screening bacteria for the theatment of coking wastewater by Rank oxygen electrode was introduced in this article. The coking wastewater used in this experiment contains some uncertain colored organic substances. A group of bacteria were isolated from activated sludge of coking wastewater and then the efficiency was tested. The best bacteria were selected for further research. This method has advantages such as fast, easy to operate and high sensitivity on biodegradation of uncertain matters. It can be used in screening of bacteria comprehensively.


The estimation of teaces of thorium (up to 30 mu g) has been achieved by measuring the radioactivity of tagged phosphorus in chemical combination, as pyrophosphate, with thorium. Silver iodide (produced in situ) in dilute nitric acid (0.3N), and containing excess of iodide ions, has been used as a carrier for thoriuan pyrophosphate (P/sup 31/). The estimation can be completed within an hour with an accuracy of plus or minus 2 per cent. (auth)


BRAITHWAITE, RICHARD W., and ANTHONY K. LEE. A mammalian example of semelparity, 151 BRENCHLEY, G. A. Community matrix models: inconsistent results using Vandermeer's data, 456 BULL, J. J. See RICHARD SHINE BURMASTER, DAVID E. The continuous culture of phytoplankton: mathematical equivalence among three steady-state models, 123 Buss, LEO W., and JEREMY B. C. JACKSON. Competitive networks: nontransitive competitive relationships in cryptic coral reef environments, 223


Abstract We develop an analytic solution for time-dependent neutron transport with delayed neutrons using the singular eigenfunction expansion method. Our approach is based on a technique for solving time-dependent neutron-transport problems without delayed neutrons (Case and Zweifel, Linear Transport Theory, Addison-Wesley, 1967), which we effectively generalize to include the presence of delayed-neutron precursors. In particular, we obtain eigenfunctions composed of two parts: one corresponding to the neutron angular flux and one corresponding to the delayed-neutron precursor concentration. We further demonstrate that these eigenfunctions are complete. We also provide numerical results for an example problem.


Energy is an inevitable need for inhabitants of modern world. A major portion of electrical energy is consumed in air conditioning (heating or cooling) in conventional ACs (operated by Vapour compression refrigeration cycle) and the refrigerants (like R12 or R22) used in this cycle poses a huge threat to global warming and a major effect of global warming is its implication on rising temperature. So using our archaic methodology, we are not only depleting our exhaustible source of energy but also incrementing our future cooling load by increasing temperature. All these reasons tend to shift the research directions to the usage of renewable sources of energy, particularly solar energy due to its high availability in nature and cleanliness properties. This study depicts a review of different solar assisted cooling techniques along with their applications, merits and demerits, specially focusing on solar absorption techniques. A new state of the art technology of Solar Hybrid cooling has also been described. Feasibility of installation of solar Air conditioning systems is verified depending on the duration of cooling requirement and location respectively. This knowledge will assist the researchers and manufacturers to investigate the applicability and feasibility parameters for deploying various solar assisted cooling systems.


Both laboratory and field experiments to study the possibility of triggering lightning with a transient solid-propellant-produced flame have been carried out. Laboratory experiments show that a flashover could be triggered by the kind of flame between plane-plane electrodes subjected to DC high voltage at much lower electric field than that of the corresponding spontaneous breakdown. Furthermore, we found that by adding a small amount aluminum into the propellant, the electric conductivity of transient flames could be improved by 30 times and the flashover electric fields could be reduced by 40% compared with those without adding Al. By using the propellant with an addition of Al, we carried out field experiments to trigger an upward leader from a 26 m high tower in the beginning of 1998. Three flames were fired during a weak thunderstorm and all these flames produced appreciable electric field changes at ground, indicating that the flames could play a similar role as the wire used in rocket-triggered lightning.


We present our results on fluorescence and photon statistics of quantum dots. We show evidence for photon antibunching and cross-correlation measurements within the biexciton-exciton cascade using a new set-up. We also discuss directions towards a demonstration of time-bin entangled photons from a single dot.


The evolution of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) in the vicinity of a sea surface temperature (SST) front is of particular research interest, as the large air-sea temperature and humidity differences at the surface fuels various physical processes inside the boundary layer, causing intense heat and momentum exchange. Such processes make the mesoscale MABL an ocean-drive-atmosphere scenario. Dominant mechanisms, although having been studied intensively, are still yet to be fully understood due to the highly turbulent nature of the MABL. Previous studies often relied on satellite-derived SST and wind fields to investigate boundary layer dynamics, yet the coarse spatial and temporal resolution of such a method limits the understanding of the MABL evolution on shorter timescales. In this thesis, a combination of in situ data and model simulations is used to investigate the MABL response to the SST front in the Gulf Stream region on a timescale of one day or less. Analysis of MABL structure is divided into three categories depending on the background wind strength and its direction relative to the front: cold to warm, parallel/weak, and warm to cold. Two mechanisms identified in previous studies, vertical mixing and thermally induced pressure gradient, and their role in MABL evolution, are studied quantitatively. A comparison between observations and model simulations allows further analysis of the contribution of moist processes that were often considered to be of secondary importance in the past even over the ocean. Results show that vertical mixing is responsible for the majority of the MABL deepening, while the pressure adjustment's effect is more significant when the cross-frontal wind is weak. Sensitivity tests conducted in the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) also show that moisture processes, including surface latent heat, boundary layer transport of moist, and cloud formation, further enhance the mixing that drives MABL changes.


ing mothers' lives, and increasing school attendance. Unsurprisingly, the conditional cash transfer program Bolsa Família plays an important role in reducing poverty, but the authors show that it also spills over into health and education. Still, no single policy or pathway is a silver bullet: policy councils help women run for office but do not help them have economic status, and Bolsa Família cannot help middle and high school students who may feel more pressure to contribute to household income. As with any major scholarly contribution, aspects of the argument deserve further explanation, and there are questions left unanswered. Analyzing municipalities allows the authors to investigate within-country variation and localities ruled by different parties. However, the bulk of the book's empirical analysis covers the period during which the Workers' Party ruled the central government, and as the authors themselves acknowledge, the changes they observe were partly induced by federal coordination, incentives, and enforcement of legislation. Although by no means the sole actor responsible for participatory budgeting and the councils that are the driving force of nonelectoral participation, the Workers' Party pushed for their creation. It expanded and consolidated the conditional cash transfer program that makes up a large part of the authors' measure of rights-based social policies and also led to the development of the index of decentralized management, an important measure of a usable state. Thus, would we have seen the conditions for these pathways work without Workers' Party rule? This question could use some further explanation because it speaks directly to the sustainability of progress as Brazil goes through radical political changes, including the current rise of right-wing federal and state legislators and a deep and resistant economic crisis. Furthermore, one could challenge the claim that it is possible to neatly separate these causal pathways from other variables that lead to good governance and wellbeing. Many of those variables are admittedly difficult to measure, such as civic-mindedness and social capital, which operate differently in each locality, vary over time, and likely shape welfare outcomes in different ways. The authors present a set of correlations that are quite persuasive, and as a whole, they paint a consistent picture of how these pathways sum together and interact to produce wellbeing. But the process of creating these pathways is messy, and how communities are able to develop them probably influences whether they can effectively bring about change. For outside observers, it is intriguing to observe why Camaragibe was on a virtuous path, whereas even a reformist local leader in Jabotão Dos Guararapes failed to nudge it toward sustainable development. Yet, these issues should not minimize the book's contribution. The authors' message that economic growth is not enough for well-being is a necessary one. Although many focus on the role of fiscal booms in creating the conditions for expansion of welfare provision, this approach misses the reasons why money would trickle down into effective pro-poor policies. The authors point to the inner workings of policy implementation, helping readers interested in knowing which aspects of democracy work to create well-being. Even if some aspects of human development, such as quality of education, may take a longer time to take off, Wampler, Borges Sugiyama, and Touchton show us that a "thick" democracy can save the lives of mothers and children, empower women to run for elected office, and put children in schools and food on the table.


Developers spend a significant amount of their time on understanding programs, especially if these programs are large and use multi-threading. Regarding such programs, one key aspect concerns the understanding of how shared data is accessed by the different threads, for instance to prevent race conditions. Most of the existing approaches address this issue by using dynamic analysis of execution traces. However, dynamic analysis has two main shortcomings: first, the program needs to be executable, and, second, execution traces typically do not cover all possible scenarios. In this paper, we propose an approach that uses static analysis to extract Parallel Control Flow Graphs with Synchronization Information (PCFGs-SI) from source code. While CFGs help to understand the control flow of source code statements executed in parallel, synchronization edges highlight the shared access to critical code blocks protected by a locking mechanism. We evaluated our approach and heuristics with five open source Java projects that use two specific locking mechanisms to handle the communication between different threads, namely synchronized code blocks and synchronized methods. The results show that our approach extracts synchronization edges between synchronized code blocks with a precision of 97.50% and recall of 99.50%. Edges between calls to synchronized methods are extracted with a precision of 100% and recall of 96.35%. We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach with two examples, in which our approach is used to detect shortcomings in the use of locking in Java.


Background. A significant reduction in the yield of barley may be provoked by powdery mildew (causative agent: Blumeria graminis (DC.) Golovin ex Speer f. sp. hordei Marchal). A vast majority of cultivars approved for use in Russia are susceptible to the pathogen. Including genotypes protected by previously unused resistance genes into breeding practice is necessary to ensure the national food security. Barley landraces could become a fairly rich source of replenishment for the bank of effective pathogen resistance genes.Materials and methods. The study covered 950 barley accessions from the East Asian center of crop origin and domestication: 449 accessions from Japan, 313 from China, 173 from Mongolia, and 15 from Nepal. The experiments were carried out on young plants in a climatic chamber under artificial infection conditions. The northwestern (Pushkin, St. Petersburg) population of B. graminis served as an inoculum. Plant resistance was assessed using a scoring scale. The resistance of the selected forms was assessed twice.Results and conclusions. Significant variability of barley accessions from the countries of East Asia in their resistance to powdery mildew was observed. Symptoms of the disease were not found on plants of 16 studied forms. Weak or moderate development of the B. graminis mycelium was recorded for 21 accessions. Twenty-seven accessions were heterogeneous in the studied trait. Various levels of resistance were identified in 64 studied accessions (6.73%), among which 44 represented cultivars and breeding lines, and 20 were landraces. The percentage of accessions susceptible to the studied population of the pathogen was 93.27%.


u-GIS DSMSs have been researched to deal with various sensor data from GeoSensors in ubiquitous environment. Also, they has been more important for high availability. The data from GeoSensors have some characteristics that increase explosively. This characteristic could lead memory overflow and data loss. To solve the problem, various load shedding methods have been researched. Traditional methods drop the overloaded tuples according to a particular criteria in a single server. Tuple deletion sensitive queries such as aggregation is hard to satisfy accuracy. In this paper a dual processing load shedding method is suggested to improve the accuracy of aggregation in clustering environment. In this method two nodes use replicated stream data for high availability. They process a stream in two nodes by using a characteristic they share stream data. Stream data are synchronized between them with a window as a unit. Then, processed results are merged. We gain improved query accuracy without data loss.


Job shadowing and taking part in day-to-day clinical activities have varied considerably by university and deanery. This article looks at whether the introduction of a UK national mandatory paid shadowing week in 2012 increased new graduates' satisfaction with job shadowing.


In Reply.—
 The letter-to-the-editor from Dr Frank is a cautionary note about the risks of glucocorticoid therapy for chronic lung disease in infants. These concerns are real and have been enumerated in most papers on the subject. Only one study to date has suggested a long-term benefit (decreased mortality); yet consistently respiratory therapy support is decreased by steroid use. I have performed a limited meta-analysis because all studies have had similar enrollment criteria and treatment regimens. Two lengths of treatment have been compared and the combined data compared with the controls (Table 1).
 [See table in the PDF file]
 This analysis suggests that there is no major difference in outcome by length of treatment, although short treatment was associated with less hyperglycemia and longer duration of intubation. Comparison of all steroid-treated patients with placebo-treated babies showed treated infants had more hyperglycemia (P < .01 χ2) but an average of 11 fewer days of mechanical ventilation (intermittent mandatory ventilation, ImV). (t test was not done due to lack of raw data; however, difference was significant in each subgroup.)


The tolerance of crops to salinity is greater in hydroponic systems due to the greater and constant availability of water in the various types and the little contribution of the matric potential to the total potential of the water. In this sense, the aim of this work was to evaluate the use of brackish water used to prepare the nutrient solution and to replace the evapotranspirated leaf and flow rates of this solution on the water stress index, water potential and leaf juiciness of the cauliflower, c.v. "Piracicaba Precoce". The experiment was conducted in the Department of Agricultural Engineering of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, in hydroponic system NFT (Nutrient Film Technique). The experimental design was completely randomized in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, and these six salinity levels were used to prepare the nutrient solution (0.2, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 dS m) and two flow rates of nutrient solution (1.5 and 2.5 L min), with four replications, totalizing 48 experimental plots. Saline levels of water were obtained by addition of NaCl to the local supply water (0.2 dS m ). The following variables were analyzed: water stress index, leaf water potential and leaf succulence. The data of the experiments were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test and, when significant effects were verified to the regression analysis. The increase in water salinity reduced water potential and leaf succulence, regardless of the nutrient solution flow, but the reductions were more pronounced in the 2.5 L m flow. The water salinities of 0.2 and 5.5 dS m were the ones that caused the lowest and highest leaf water stress index, respectively. The application flow of the nutrient solution of 2.5 L m provided the highest value for the leaf water stress index.


As residential thermostats have become increasingly capable of sensing occupancy, reliably predicting future occupancy over short-term control horizons becomes a key mechanism for improving the efficiency of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Past research has established successful conditional dependencies in modeling and simulating future occupancy states for residential applications based on manually collected or sensed data. These studies often are small-scale tests with limited use of commercially available data. Using a large dataset representing the relatively new class of devices called connected thermostats, two probabilistic methods were identified and implemented in hopes of identifying candidates for future control and simulation applications. Logistic regression and a Markov model were used to conduct inference on a defined model of motion detection. Testing was done on actual device data from 1000 real homes. Both methods were found to have average accuracies above 80% in next timestep prediction. The Markov model performs better over a longer horizon (of up to 3 hours). In classification error types, the Markov model outperforms the logistic model both in terms of false positive and false negative rates. The results of the logistic regression are shown to improve with some simple encoding strategies.


India is an ancient land having high seasonal rain fall (4 months rain & 8 months dry), has paddy cultivation. Becauses silt-sand separation; buoyant sand gets carried; silt agglutinates. Rill fluid dissolves agglutinated soil; vectors as silt → degradation. Indian farmer has unique agricultural field conservation; soil cum fertility maintenance/regeneration heritage. Also use the stubble and cow dung (cellulose) as binder cum multi purpose in-field uses. economic; ecologically safe; and not discussed earlier. Good tool for altruistic administrations.


From the 1960s and 70s,the research on language and gender difference has attracted more and more attention from scholars in various fields.Linguists explained its reason from power and culture aspects,which formed two major models in interpreting the gender differences,that is,Dominance Model and Difference Model.Based on these two models,this paper attempts to explore the gender and language difference by analyzing and comparing the data collected from male and female characters in American sitcom Friends in terms of pronunciation,intonation,lexicon as well as hedges and so on.What's more,this study aims to put new factors,such as personality,different social experiences and context into consideration in interpreting gender differences in language use.


Existing noise indices for evaluating community noise levels have usually included, explicitly or implicitly, some means of accounting for the inherent temporal variation that normally exists in outdoor noise environments. Some of the physical characteristics of these temporal fluctuations are considered with emphasis on fluctuations observed near highways. Alternative ways to describe these fluctuations are discussed, including application of fluctuation spectra which cover the frequency range of roughly 1–1000 MHz. Some of the conflicting evidence as to the potential subjective response to fluctuating noise levels is also considered.


Contesting European Policies without being (openly) Eurosceptic? The Political Communication of ATTAC Associations towards European Integration - This article uses claims-making analysis to delineate the main features of the political communication of four ATTAC associations in France, Switzerland, Italy and Spain. ATTAC associations are more prompt to address demands towards the European level, than to mediate and present the claims of European actors to their respective national publics. The European Central Bank and the Commission constitute privileged targets, viewed as non-majoritarian institutions far away from citizens' democratic control. The nature of the discourse of contestation promoted by ATTAC associations is essentially related to the European policy-making process, but not necessarily to the EU polity in itself, showing that if the "sleeping giant" were to be awakened, if a left/right dimension of competition were to emerge over European politics, social movements inspired by alter-globalization principles might actively be involved in this process of politicisation of European issues at the national level.


Cerebral dysfunction that occurs prior to maturity can be related to emotional and behavioral problems for the developing child and adolescent. The recent development of measurement technology allows for evaluating specific relationships between cerebral deficits and hyperactivity in a psychiatrically disturbed inpatient adolescent group. Findings suggest that neuropsychological deficits may be a diffuse problem that systemically affects complex cognitive functioning.


Extracellular alpha- and-beta-galactosidases from a strain of Aspergillus niger were separated and purified in one step by cation exchange chromatography. Both enzymes had acidic pH (3.5-4.0) and h ...


Background: The global pandemic has created a need for several higher education institutions to transition to emergency remote learning. Students and faculty have experienced a significant disruption to their daily academic routines. It is critical to understand the perceptions of students in relationship to their learning experiences and ability to effectively manage the new and changing learning environment and expectations. This study sought to understand the students' response to the transition to remote learning, as a necessary strategy for managing learning during the pandemic. Methods: A 15-item electronic survey was provided to approximately 1600 students at a private faith-based university in Central Florida, United States. Results: The response rate of 38% indicated primary positive responses to the transition, with significant differences of comfort level of remote learning and perceptions of faculty readiness, when analyzed between undergraduate and graduate students.


Germany are there to show that with strong unions economic progress is perfectly possible, but one needs a very responsible set of leaders on all sides of the bargaining table. Apparently Argentina, after having for such a long time bordered the abyss, is finally getting the required leadership, both in government and in opposition. In culturally similar conditions, the Spaniards, the Greeks, the Venezuelans and the Colombians did it. So, perhaps the silver lining is there to stay.


The article take the Jinxi town in Kunshan city as an example,from urban water culture,the water landscape,water economy and water ecology four aspects,propose as the characteristic of "water" for planning and construction,make "water" features in the "scientific development view" guidance and "the sound and fast" development environment developed.


This study is an attempt to examine the key drivers for successful retention of customers in the Indian banking sector. Due to flow of LPG, the competitiveness in the banking sector has increased significantly and banks are not only competing with each other but also with other non-banking financial institutions (Hull, 2002). As almost all banks provide nearly identical services, so to survive in the long term and to distinguish themselves, they have to apply their own strategy and one of that is how to retain the existing customers. So, in order to enjoy sustainable competitive advantages, customer retention is the most vital marketing strategy. The key objective of this research work is to find out different factors and to identify the key factors among them which will help the banks to retain the existing customers. The results indicate that Customer service, price of product and Service and CRM are the most significant and essential factors which work towards retention of customer. Here the study used both primary and secondary data under which 33 factors have been identified from the extensive literature review and grouped under five factors and through questionnaire the above items were ranked according to their weightage. Out of which five factors identified as drivers which will help the Banking Industry to become success through the customer retention. Here the study applies the statistical techniques like mean, standard deviation and weightage score to find out the driving factors which help to retain the existing customers as well as to create new customers in different banks of India. The findings of the study will help the Indian Banking sector, authority, policy framers, and researchers to study the customer's perception, their priorities and attitude which will help the banks to minimize customer's churn and maximize their retention.


This empirical study explores the effects of matching mediators and mediation participants by gender and by racial or ethnic identity group. It considers both the effect on a participant of being present in a mediation session where there is no mediator of the same gender or racial/ethnic group and the effect of being present when there is also a mediator who matches the gender or race/ethnicity of the other participant. The results show that failing to match disputants and mediators by gender has negative effects on mediation satisfaction measures and that those effects increase when the mediator's gender also matches that of the other participant. In contrast, failure to match by racial or ethnic group has little effect, but when an unmatched participant faces both an opposing participant and a mediator who share a racial or ethnic identification, mediation satisfaction decreases in several respects.


Tax avoidance is one of the ways to minimize the tax burden, tax avoidance is not a violation of tax laws due to taxpayers' efforts to reduce, avoid, minimize and alleviate the tax burden carried out in a manner permitted by the tax law, but tax avoidance can lead to reduced tax revenues received by the state. Tax avoidance in the company can be seen from the internal factors of the company. Some internal factors are considered to influence tax avoidance in this research are debt to equity ratio, return on assets, and earnings management. This study aims to determine the effect of debt to equity ratio, return on assets, and earnings management against tax avoidance. The type of research used is explanatory research to examine the factors that influence the problem under study. The research was conducted in a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) registered in the period 2010 to 2016. Based on the purposive sampling method, the number of samples that can be used in this study is as many as 47 samples. The type of research is quantitative research that will be analyzed using multiple regression. In this study, researchers will use the SPSS 25 to process the data that have been obtained. Based on the results of this study can be concluded that the debt to equity ratio has no effect on tax avoidance, then return on assets have a negative effect on tax avoidance and earnings management have a negative effect on tax avoidance.


As can be seen from the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, a containment building is the final protecting shield to prevent radiation leakage. Thus, the assessment of seismic performance of a containment building against seismic loads is very important. Since a containment building is a complex structure, its seismic performance is analyzed through finite element analysis. Because of the high nonlinearity of concrete, an appropriate material model should be established when used in finite element analysis. In this study, a nonlinear concrete material model is calibrated with the numerical simulation of the CASH benchmark test performed in the OECD/NEA [1]. CASH (capacity of reinforced concrete shear walls) is an international benchmarking program organized under an initiative of the OEDC/NEA (Nuclear Energy Agency). The series of reinforced concrete shear wall panels were tested at the European Laboratory for Structural Assessment (ELSA, Joint Research Centre) between 1997 and 1998[2].


Abstract : The equations of motion for escape capsules having liftto-drag ratios ranging from 0.2 to 2.0 were solved to determine the ground area attainable for these capsules returning to earth from 300-nautical mile equatorial, polar, 30-degree, and 60-degree circular orbits. The landing capabilities of these capsules with respect to the probability of a successful recovery of the downed crew were then determined. This study indicates than an escape capsule with an L/D ratio of 1.0 represents the simplest escape capsule which would have enough maneuvering capability to reach suitable landing areas. A state-of-the art avionicw investigation was made to determine the location of existing tracking and location radars, portable emergency radios, direction-finding equipment, and acoustic and visual aids which would aid in the quick location and retrieval of a downed crew. An escape system concept is presented, emphasizing that the successful conclusion of escape requires the determination of the necessary maneuver to reach a desirable landing area, the physical execution of that maneuver, and the transmission of escape information to recovery forces. (Author)


Abstract The results of 12 months' study of the growth dynamics of living populations of Chione stutchburyi in their natural environment tend to suggest that macro‐rings form annually during winter and that micro‐bands are not necessarily all daily phenomena. It is concluded that more research is needed on the growth dynamics of this species before micro‐band counts can be reliably used to establish absolute seasonal dates for archaeological sites.


Summary The adoption and implementation of IS applications amongst organizations is becoming widely evident. Several organizations across the different industries are now embracing IS applications as a mean to remain competitive and efficient. Implementation of IS applications however requires huge IT investments, which constitute an extremely important part of the e-business suite in many organizations. There have been some earlier attempts by researchers to develop systematic and quantitative approaches and tools for the evaluation of the vendors in general, regardless of the nature of the system/application. In this paper will primarily focus on assessing and measuring the vendor by developing a quantitative model. A review will first need to be conducted to scan through the previous related literature in the area of the quantitative evaluation of information systems. A model was formulated for the quantitative evaluation for vendor selection using Analytical Hierarchal Process with expert choice. The paper is concluded by a survey with some local organizations in order to understand their adoption level of quantitative evaluation methods, and also to substantiate and validate the proposed model.


19 References E1] G. R. Everest, Angular distribution of units in abelian group rings-an application to Galois-module theory, J. reine angew.


Tissue losses and organ failures result in more than 8 million surgical procedures each year in the United States. Current therapies for these disorders are seriously limited. Our laboratory takes a biomimetic approach to design polymers into body-part templates (scaffolds) to engineer tissues/organs. The scaffolds are designed to take the form of the missing/damaged body parts, to mimic certain advantageous aspects of natural extracellular matrix, and to contain certain designed structural features to enhance tissue regeneration. To mimic bone matrix, biodegradable polymer/nano-hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds have been developed. To mimic the nano-fibrous architecture of collagen, synthetic nano-fibrous scaffolds have been developed. To optimize scaffolding function, a variety of macropore networks have been designed in the nano-fibrous materials. These novel nano-structured scaffolds enhance cell adhesion and function. Surface engineering and biological delivery in the nano-fibrous scaffolds are shown to improve cellular interactions and tissue formation. These experimental results demonstrate that the biomimetic template design is a powerful approach for tissue regeneration.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


"SEASKY" VISITING PROFESSOR, School of Chemical Engineering., Dalian Univ. of Tech., China (01/09-Present) PROFESSOR, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina (08/10 – Present) ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina (08/05 – 07/10) VISITING PROFESSOR, Department of Chemistry and CNRS, University of Poitiers, France (04/07 – 06/07) VISITING PROFESSOR, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Osaka, Japan (08/06 – 12/06) THRUST LEADER, NANOCATALYSIS, Nanocenter, University of South Carolina (11/05 – Present) ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina (08/99 – 07/05) NSF-NATO POST-DOCTORAL FELLOW, Physical Chemistry, University of Oxford, U.K. (12/97 – 07/99)


A many-body theory is presented based on an electronic Hamiltonian appropriate for describing core-valence excitation processes. It is shown that the core polarization propagator satisfies a factorization theorem relating this propagator to the product of two one-particle Green's functions, namely, a core Green's function and a valence Green's function which is calculated in the field of a time-dependent core potential. A diagrammatic theory for this valence Green's function is developed. The core-valence excitation energy is decomposed into relaxation and correlation contributions up to second order. A physical interpretation of this decomposition is given and the relationship between the analytical expressions and the various diagrams is pointed out. A general order analysis of relaxation and correlation terms is performed making use of the factorization theorem. An illustrative model is presented which allows an exact diagrammatic calculation of the valence Green's function with the time-dependent core potential via the Dyson equation. The analogy between the spectral function of our model and the spectral function of x-ray emission spectra of solids is discussed.


Abstract This exploratory study sheds light on the role of Chinese science parks (SPs) in fostering the foreign exposure of the actors of a Triple Helix Model (THM) for innovation. Linking the Chinese 'Go Global' strategy to the SPs policy, a conceptual model is developed on the basis of the existing literature. The model is applied by analysing the modes of international exposure of 14 SPs. The paper finds that Chinese policy makers have widely established SPs to become key drivers for domestic technology transfer under the control of the government. On the other hand, China still lags behind advanced countries in most areas of the technology industry. Indeed, innovation is a complex process, which also implies international links. Nevertheless, the majority of SPs do not provide evidence of linking THM actors to the foreign context. Zhongguancun Science Park and Yangling Agricultural Hi-tech Industries Demonstration Zone provide interesting insights regarding a variety of international modes which may be replicable to foster the innovation capacity of the country.


Context: When the New Jersey Private Well Testing Act (PWTA) became effective in 2002, the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for arsenic in the United States was 50 μg/L. In 2006, the federal and New Jersey MCLs were lowered to 10 μg/L and 5 μg/L, respectively. Objective: To notify and provide free arsenic water testing for homeowners who had a PWTA arsenic result that passed for the MCL in 2006 or earlier but would exceed under the more health protective MCL enacted in 2006, which is still in effect as of this publication date. Design: About 1200 homeowners with PWTA arsenic results between 5 μg/L and 50 μg/L were offered free arsenic water testing. More than 400 homeowners requested tests and 292 returned samples. Setting: New Jersey, United States. Participants: Homeowners with a passing PWTA arsenic result before 2006 that would have failed under the New Jersey arsenic MCL enacted in 2006. Main Outcome Measures: Return rate of testing kits; number of tests exceeding arsenic MCL; and participant survey results. Results: Untreated well water samples (n = 279) were collected and 62.4% exceeded the New Jersey MCL. Treated well water samples (n = 102) were collected and 11.8% exceeded the current New Jersey MCL. In all, about 40% of drinking water samples from the tap, including those with or with no arsenic treatment, exceeded the New Jersey MCL. A survey of participants (n = 69) found that although many (67%) respondents reported that they at least had some idea that wells in their area are vulnerable to naturally occurring contaminants, such as arsenic, many (68%) reported that they had little or no idea that the New Jersey arsenic MCL had been lowered from 50 μg/L to 5 μg/L in 2006. Conclusions: This effort further illuminates the necessity and significance of public health outreach for private well water users, especially after drinking water standards change.


Using data drawn from a sample of 50 households in Ngqele village, the paper investigated households' attitude towards farming as a livelihood source and the possibilities of the dependency syndrome associated with access to social grants. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data and a 5 point Likert scale was used to determine households' attitudes towards farming as a livelihood source. The results confirmed overdependence on state grants which is hindering livelihood improvement. 26% of the respondents had a positive attitude towards farming. On the other hand, 38% had a negative attitude while 36% had an average attitude towards farming. The growing underutilisation of arable land in Ngqele village can be attributed to households' ambitions and aspirations which are in favour of non-farm activities and also a relatively negative attitude towards farming. Direct and continuous support through the provision of technical and institutional support is required to sustain the level of interest in farming in this village. In addition, rural development should not only focus on land redistribution and farming but should also focus on employment creation outside the agricultural sector and the promotion of non-farm activities. Social grants should be linked to economic activities aimed at empowering households to take care of their livelihoods' needs sustainably. Socio-economic policies that avail credit to rural households and training are also required to instil entrepreneurial skills especially to the youths in Ngqele village.


In this paper we present a framework within ns-3 developed to support an emerging class of wireless routing protocols, called dynamic backpressure routing protocols. Specifically, we provide the design and implementation particularities introduced by dynamic backpressure routing within the ns-3 simulator. In addition, we describe the implementation of a fine-grained tracing methodology used to debug dynamic backpressure routing, as well as to obtain routing performance metrics. The tracing framework allows capturing global, per node, and even per packet routing information for evaluation and debugging. Finally, we show some evaluation results obtained from the post-processing of operational information obtained by means of this tracing methodology.


Plasma clearance of I125 des-AA fibrin mcncmers was studied in healthy subjects (N=7). Labelled mcnaners (fm), made fran labelled fibrinogen (F) in 2,5 M urea, pH 7,4 exposed to insoluble reptilase (Brosstad et al., Thrarto .Res. 13, 1978) vere solubilized upon addition to test-subject plasma, and subsequently injected. At intervals, citrated plasma samples ware tested for: I. Total radioactivity (Tr). II. Radioprecipitability (Rp) with trichloroacetic acid. III. Radioclottability (Rc) with plasmin-free thrcmbin (pH 6,3 1h). IV. Radiodistribution after ultrasentrifuga-ticn (Airfug, Beckmann) and V. Radiodistributicn in SDS-PAGE gels after electrophoresis of harvested EDTA-plasma clots, solubilized in urea-SDS. RESULTS: Prior to injection, plasma demonstrated: Rp = 100 %, Rc = 94 %, single peak ultracentrifuge pattern and 95 % of total radioactivity moving as F on SDS-gels. Almost identical results were obtained in all subjects. After 30 min., Tr had dropped to 50 % of Tr value at 5 min., being 10 % and 2 % after 420 min. and 48 h., correspondingly. A parallell drop in Rp and Rc scarcely noticeable at 10 min., reached a mininun of 30 % at 360 min; the Airfug and SDS-gel patterns substantiating these findings. Due to non-linearity on semilog. plots, a definite half-life of des-AA fibrin cannot be stated from decay parameters (Tr) alone, but metabolic data as outlined above (Rp, Rc, Airfug, SDS-elpho) suggest a half-life of 30-60 min .. In five subjects, I131-des-AA fibrin and I125-fibrinogen was injected simultaneously. Clearance rates characteristic of that of the individual molecular species were obtained. The extremely rapid elimination of fibrin ccnpared to that of fibrinogen suggests specific receptors on RES- cells to be involved.


The present research aimed to answer the following problem: How are the changes generated in the organizational context of a company in the drug and perfume distribution sector influencing the stress of its employees? Thus, the objective is to analyze the influence of changes in the organizational context of a company in the sector of drug distribution and perfumery in the stress of its employees. The qualitative and quantitative approach was used, with data collection with structured and semi-structured questionnaire. The results indicate that the main changes that occurred in the organizational context of the company's unit of analysis of the present study, in recent years, it was found that there was an increase in organizational bureaucracy and employees were bothered by the situation. Due to the change in structure and increased collection, there was also a greater generation of organizational stress.


Thank you very much for downloading the blind man traces the circle on the patterns and philosophy of byrons poetry. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their chosen novels like this the blind man traces the circle on the patterns and philosophy of byrons poetry, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer.


Contracts concluded between foreign investors and investment host state are the main instruments used to promote foreign investment, regulate and normative design them. An important element of the contract on foreign investments is a renegotiation clause, which allows the investment host state and foreign investor to start renegotiation, after the contract has been concluded. This paper attempts to point out the impact of renegotiations on the obligations of the parties under the contract on foreign investments. Though the renegotiation contributes to maintaining contract in force, it may be perceived as a sign that there are significant difficulties in contract enforcement. Giving a notion to start renegotiations can have a powerful psychological effect on the counterparty to which the request is addressed. Mentioned notion can be understood as a sign that the contract will soon be breached. Therefore, it is necessary to provide clear assurance that the implementation of contract will continue during the renegotiation. The primary objective of the study is to highlight the fact that the renegotiations can not be understood as an alibi to avoid contractual and other obligations arising from foreign investment. In addition, in this paper there will be pointed out at a certain exceptions from the principle of consistent implementation of the contract during the renegotiation. The aforementioned exceptions must be restrictively interpreted and applied with full control.


The utility model discloses a transmission device on a speed reducer. The transmission device on the speed reducer comprises a shaft body, power output gears and a pinion, wherein the pinion is arranged at one end of the shaft body, the pinion and the shaft body are of an integral structure, grooves and spline grooves are formed in the other end of the shaft body, and the power output gears are welded in the grooves and are fixedly matched with the spline grooves. The transmission device on the speed reducer has the advantages that the transmission device is simple in structure, the power output gears are matched with the spline grooves in the shaft body and are arranged in the groove, so that the matching between the gears and the shaft body can be enhanced, the gears and the shaft body stably work, and meanwhile the service life of the parts is prolonged; the welding is adopted between the power output gears, so that the synchronous rate of the output gears is relatively high, and the damage on the parts, which is caused by the difference of the synchronous rate, is avoided.


This study was conducted from March 21 to July 8 in 2004 at JeJu Island to investigate the influences of split nitrogen application times on creeping bentgrass vegetation. Nitrogen rate was 20 kg/10a and it was applied from once to 5 times. The result obtained were summarized as follows; plant height was getting longer as nitrogen was split applied from once to 5 times. So it was longest at 5 times split nitrogen application, but it was no significance from 4 to 5 times. Root length, Minolta SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter reading value, leave and root weight n[e directly proportional plant height response. Degree of land cover Iud density of creeping bentgrass increased as nitrogen was split applied from once to 5 times. But degree of land cover md density of reed decreased. The number of reed species on decreased as nitrogen was split applied from once to 5 times. Then ranking of the dominant weeds were Portulaca oleracea Polygonum hydropiper and Stellaria media (at once split time nitrogen application), Portulaca oleracea, Polygonum hydropiper and Digitaria adscendens (at 2 split times nitrogen application), Digitaria adscendens and Portulaca oleracea Polygonum hydropiper, (at 3 split times nitrogen application), Portulaca oleracea, Poa annua and Polygonum hydropiper (at 4 md 5 split times nitrogen application). These results indicate that the optimum frequency of split N applications is four times for growth of creeping bentgrass in volcanic ash soils of Jeju island.


By most historical accounts, the years around 1900 witnessed the triumph of the expert, as the Jacksonian era's egalitarian suspicion of specialized knowledge was replaced by a respect bordering upon awe. "[T]he last third of the nineteenth century saw the virtual overthrow of effective resistance to specialization," John Higham has written. "By 1920... America had embraced the specialist and sanctified the expert with an enthusiasm unmatched elsewhere."' Physicians often occupy a starring role in this narrative of triumphant expertise. After half a century of professional disarray, doctors at the turn of the twentieth century built a remarkably powerful and prestigious professional organization and won control over education, licensing, drug distribution, and other aspects of medical practice. 2 An older school of medical history attributed the profession's new social power to scientific advances: as the effectiveness of medicine increased, so did its social authority. More recent histories have pointed out that medicine's advances in cultural authority preceded and outstripped therapeutic advances. By this account, a few notable medical and scientific breakthroughs-including a vaccine for rabies and a drug for syphilis-convinced the public that medicine was worthy of respect even when its claims to therapeutic


Complexation of Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), Cr(III) and Fe(III) ions with 15-crown-5, benzo-15-crown-5, 18-crown-6, dibenzo-18-crown-6, dicyclohexano-18-crown-6, dibenzo-24-crown-8, 5,6,14,15-dibenzo-1,4-dioxa-8,12-diazacyclopentadeca-5,14-diene, 1,4,10-trioxa-7,13-diazacyclopentadecane and cyclam has been investigated in 75% (v/v) DMF+water using the silver(I) ion as an auxiliary cation at 0.05 M ionic strength adjusted with tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) by competitive potentiometry. Stability constant values obtained for the metal ion–aza macrocyclic complexes are higher than those for the oxa crowns. Shifts in the peak potential and reduction in the peak current in the differential pulse polarography (DPP) method were also used to determine the stability constants of some of the metal ions with aza and tosylated-aza macrocycles using TBAP as supporting electrolyte in 75% (v/v) DMF+water and 90% (v/v) DMSO+water media. Stability constant values determined both by shifts in the potential and by reduction in the peak current were found to be in good agreement with each other.


An 18-year-old man with no previous cardiac history presented to his local hospital complaining of severe chest pain. One day before admission, he was hit in the chest by a ball during a basketball game. He did not notice any symptoms and was able to finish the game; however, the next day, he developed severe central chest pain. Cardiac troponins were elevated at 79 g/L (normal range, 0 to 1.2 g/L). He subsequently underwent cardiac catheterization, which showed normal coronary anatomy with no significant stenoses. Subsequently, he had another episode of chest pain that was associated with diffuse ST elevation involving the anterior and lateral leads. The ST elevation persisted for 90 minutes before subsiding spontaneously. On transfer, the patient was specifically questioned about recreational drug use. He denied any use of cocaine, although he did admit to using marijuana 1 week before admission. On examination, he was pain free and hemodynamically stable. An echocardiogram showed minimal persistent ST segment elevation in the anterior leads (Figure 1). A cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan (Magnetom TRIO, Siemens, Germany; field strength 3 T) was performed to assess morphology of myocardial injury. This scan demonstrated normal left ventricular size with mild left ventricular systolic dysfunction (Movie I in the online-only Data Supplement). Left ventricular ejection fraction was calculated at 42% using QMass MR version 7.0.28 (Leiden, The Netherlands). There was severe hypokinesis of the basal to midanterolateral, inferolateral, and inferior walls and hypokinesis of the midanterior and apical segments. On delayed enhancement imaging, there was diffuse patchy midmyocardial and epicardial late gadolinium enhancement involving these segments (Figure 2A and B). The subendocardium was spared. T2-weighted imaging revealed high-intensity signal in these areas, suggesting the presence of myocardial edema (Figure 3). On rest perfusion, a perfusion defect was seen, which involved the basal to midlateral walls. Overall, the findings were strongly suggestive of myocarditis. Subsequently, his parvovirus B19 antibody levels were noted to be elevated at 5.5 index value (normal range, 0 to 0.89 index value), confirming the diagnosis of parvovirus B19-induced myocarditis. The patient was commenced on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and discharged. He was reviewed in our clinic after 10 weeks and reported feeling significantly better with no specific ongoing symptoms. An echocardiogram showed improvement in left ventricular function with improvement in contractility of the lateral wall (Movie II in the online-only Data Supplement).


the U.S. and globally since their initial promotion in 2017 on the 4 chan Internet message board. A central narrative element of QAnon has been that a powerful group of elite, liberal members of the Democratic Party engage in morally reprehensible practices, but that former U.S. President Donald J. Trump was prosecuting them. Five studies investigated the influence and network connectivity of accounts promoting QAnon propaganda on Twitter from August 2020 through January 2021. Selection of Twitter accounts emphasized online influencers and "persons-of-interest" known or suspected of participation in QAnon propaganda promotion activities. Evidence of large-scale coordination among accounts promoting QAnon propaganda was observed, demonstrating the first rigorous, quantitative evidence of "astroturfing" in QAnon propaganda promotion on Twitter, as opposed to strictly "grassroots" activities of citizens acting independently. Furthermore, evidence was obtained supporting that networks of extreme far-right adherents engaged in organized QAnon propaganda promotion, as revealed by network overlap among accounts promoting 1) far-right extremist (e.g., anti-Semitic) content and insurrectionist themes; 2) New Age, occult, and "esoteric" themes; and 3) Internet puzzle games like Cicada 3301 and other "alternative reality games." Based on well-grounded theories and empirical findings from the social sciences, it is argued that QAnon propaganda on Twitter in the months preceding the 2020 U.S. Presidential election likely reflected joint participation of multiple actors, possibly including nation-states like Russia and corporate entities, in innovative misuse of social media toward undermining democratic processes by promoting "magical" thinking, ostracism of Democrats and liberals, and salience of white extinction narratives that are common among otherwise ideologically diverse groups on the extreme far-right.


The reflection characteristics of certain optical elements and sights have been investigated in the 0.3–20-μm wavelength region. It is shown that the reflectance increases in the UV region and depends on the design of the device. Therefore, a promising range for detecting optical devices is the UV region, operation in which makes it possible to achieve high contrast of the image of an object on the background of natural formations. The results of field experiments using laser illumination of optical devices are given.


Without at present attempting to discuss the question whether a city, town, or village occupied the present site of the city of London before the Roman invasion of this country, it is enough for the purpose of this paper to assume as a fixed fact, resting on irresistible evidence and which all parties admit, that the existing area of the city proper, that is, the space between the walls and gates which stood a little more than a century ago, was (with the exception of the Blackfriars' precinct) occupied by the Romans up to the time when their legions were recalled to the continent, and the Roman government ceased in this island. But. that the whole of this area was originally the city, is not, I believe, asserted by any antiquaries or historians; it is evidently too large to have been originally selected or laid out for a city, being capable of containing several of the cities and towns which were built and walled in by the Romans in this country.


This article reviews the literature concerning oral anticoagulant-phenytoin interactions. Two cases involving concurrent warfarin-phenytoin administration are discussed. The medical literature supports a major interaction between dicumarol and phenytoin. Dicumarol significantly increases phenytoin levels, while the effect of phenytoin on dicumarol lessens anticoagulant activity. The available evidence indicates oral anticoagulants differ in their interactions with phenytoin. The mechanisms involved in oral anticoagulant-phenytoin interactions are also discussed.


To achieve pre-defined sound quality target in a cabin, the interior sound is decomposed into air-borne and structure-borne sound by using transfer path analysis. First, the air-borne sound target is cascaded to the target of each sound package component in the form of the transmission loss mainly in the analytical way. Second, for the structure-bone sound, the experimental noise transfer path analysis is extended to identify the sensitive structural path for specific frequency contents as opposed to the traditional methods with which the critical structural components are hard to identify. As a result, the vehicle sound target proved to be successfully cascaded to the component level target by applying aforementioned methods.


This new column focuses on using computing power for entertainment. Interestingly, using computers and " computer-like " devices for entertainment is positively ancient. It can be traced back to 1931 when D. Gottlieb created a game called " baffle ball " in which players used a plunger to propel small metallic balls up an inclined surface, where they would drop into pockets. Each pocket had an associated score. This game was entirely mechanical and was an important precursor to pinball. The first electronic pinball game, " Contact, " soon followed, invented in 1933 by Harry Williams. Moving beyond its roots in pinball, in 1958 Willy Higginbotham of Brookhaven National Labs invented an interactive table tennis game played on an oscilloscope. And in 1961 Steve Russell created the game " Space War " at MIT—which many consider the first true computer game. Playing around with computers wasn't just limited to computer scientists' labs. Even in the early days, Ralph Baer at Sanders Corporation came up with the concept of building a machine that could be attached to your TV and play games. He planned to sell it in 1966 for $19.95. By 1972 Magnavox released the videogame machine Odyssey, which sold for $100. Now that's progress. The real commercial breakthrough came with—you guessed it—Pong. Nolan Bushnell and the " tribe " at Atari created it and sold machines to pin-ball parlors and taverns. The Pong game device cost between $300 and $400 to build and sold for $1200 (cash only). That business model gave Atari a positive cash flow with no venture capital and was a good deal for the purchasers: Most gaming machines at the time grossed $40 to $50 dollars a week, while Pong machines often topped $200 a week. More about the rich and colorful history of interactive entertainment is in The Ultimate History of Video Games by Steven Kent. My goal is to make this column both fun and informative. Sometimes it may be provocative and controversial. Entertainment is fun by definition but it's also controversial and, thus, sometimes polarizing, creating a challenge to presenting a balanced view. My intention is to encourage deeper thinking and more meaningful, less cliché-ridden discussion. I urge participation by readers, researchers, designers, and everyone who is involved in the computing-as-entertainment industry. Here are a few things to think about that might contradict your impressions of entertainment computing... • In 2003 game …


We performed a series of studies using plant waste polluting Lake Izabal, in order to obtain a substrate with sufficient quality can replace peat spangum, an...


The new framework for finance is proposed. This framework based on three known approaches in econophysics. Assumptions of the framework are the following: 1. For the majority of situations market follows non-arbitrage condition. 2. For the small number of situations market influenced by the actions of big firms. 3. If actions of big players lead to the arbitrage opportunity, small players could self-organize to take advantage of this opportunity. The framework is an attempt to combine approaches of Bouchaud, Gabaix, Sornette, Stanley and coauthors. Suggested framework is applied for the analysis of market impact models, behavior of big players, self-organization of market firm and volatility description.


Porous Ti implant samples were fabricated by the sintering of spherical Ti powders in a high vacuum furnace. To increase their surface area and biocompatibility, anodic oxidation and a hydrothermal treatment were then applied. Electrolytes in a mixture of glycerophosphate and calcium acetate were used for the anodizing treatment. The resulting oxide layer was found to have precipitated in the phase form of anatase TiO and nano-scaled hydroxyapatite on the porous Ti implant surface. The porous Ti implant can be modified via an anodic oxidation method and a hydrothermal treatment for the enhancement of the bioactivity, and current multi-surface treatments can be applied for use in a dental implant system.


Arable land gradation,a further step of the finished agricultural classification,has a great signifi- cance to the evaluation of arable land quantity and its quality,as well as the protection and utilization of land resources.High resolution QuickBird images are used and a novel strategy different from the traditional gra- dation of farmland is proposed by adopting high-pass filtering fusion method in spatial domain and geometric correction.Accordingly,object interpretation symbols and screen vectorization classification are established to make a real time land utilization map.The effect of large-scale mapping is improved and a map of arable land quality gradation is made at a scale of 1:2 000.


Drug administration through transdermal delivery is restricted by the top layer of skin, the stratum corneum. One possible solution to overcome the barrier function of the stratum corneum is to employ microneedle arrays. However, detailed theoretical models relating drug-coated microneedles and their geometry to the drug concentration in the blood are limited. This article aims to address this issue by examining the blood concentration profiles for a model drug, insulin, that has been administered via coated microneedles. A mathematical model is introduced and applied to predict theoretical blood concentrations. Furthermore, the insulin concentration in blood is calculated for a range of different microneedle shapes and dimensions to identify the most effective geometry. The results indicate that the optimum microneedle geometry in terms of maximizing insulin concentration was a rocket-shaped needle with a constant tip angle of 90°. Also, it has been found that the number of microneedles in an array is the most significant factor in determining maximum insulin concentration in the blood (Cb, max). Penetration depth of the microneedle, centre-to-centre spacing and microneedle thickness had a less significant effect on the maximum insulin concentration in the blood. It is envisaged that the current study will help in designing microneedles of optimum size and shape for transdermal drug delivery. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Phabongkha Dechen Nyingpo (pha bong kha bde chen snying po, 1878-1941) was one of the most popular and influential Gelug religious figures in the Lhasa Valley during the first half of the twentieth-century. His students included not only lay people and monks from all of the most important religious institutions in the region, but also an impressive array of some of the highest-ranking aristocrats and government officials of the day. This article is focused on the life of one of Phabongkha's most important aristocratic students, Lhalu Lhacham Yangdzom Tsering (g.yang 'dzom tshe ring, 1880-1963) and her relationship to her teacher and his lineage teachings. The development of her devotion to Phabongkha, and her and her family's sponsorship of the sustenance and popularization of his lineage in general will be considered with an aim of giving us a wider understanding of Phabongkha and his "movement". The Lhacham's devotion to the controversial protector deity Dorje Shugden (rdo rje shugs ldan), whose practice she received from Phabongkha, will also be discussed in detail, especially with regard to a number of tragedies which befell her, and which were portrayed by the later lineage as being the results of the wrathful activity of this deity.


For integer quadratic programming problems, a new branch and bound algorithm is proposed in this paper through a series of improvements on the traditional branch and bound algorithm, which can be used to solve integer quadratic programming problems effectively and efficiently. This algorithm employs a new linear relaxation and bound method and a rectangular deep bisection method. At the same time, a rectangular reduction strategy is used to improve the approximation degree and speed up the convergence of the algorithm. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective and has improved the existing relevant branch and bound algorithms. c ©2016 All rights reserved.


In order to enhance the security and stability of the hoist system in resources intergration coal mine in Dengfeng Branch Company,through analizing shortcomings of the original electri-control hoist system,the paper proposed the method of transforming electric-control hoist system with full-digital variable frequency speed regulation system.After the transformation,the function of speed regulation is significantly increased,and the starting current is greatly reduced,the degree of automation also is improved.Practice shows that the frequency conversion electric-control system will enhance the stability of hoisting coal and significantly improve security and reliability,there are wide prospects for widly used.


Around the country had many legal disputes between universities and students in recent years,university student's legal awareness also enhanced incessantly,the majority sued to the court in order to solve through law litigation.These cases caused the widespread attention of law circle and society.The main reasons of these disputes lay in indefinite legal rela-tionship between the universities and students.But the solution of these questions will be helpful to clarify legal relationship between the universities and students,stabilize the university's teaching management order.


The present invention relates to polymer beads comprising a polymeric matrix and having a pitted surface, the polymeric matrix (i) comprising polymerised monomer residues of (a) at least one mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and (b) at least one crosslinking monomer having at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups separated by at least 4 consecutive acyclic atoms, and (ii) having distributed therethrough solid particulate material and polymeric porogen.


A new type of buried heterostructure InGaAsP/InP lasers grown by a single‐step liquid phase epitaxy on Cd diffused mesa substrate is described. These lasers exhibit excellent current and optical confinement. Threshold currents as low as 15 mA are achieved for a laser with a 2‐μm‐wide active region.


Healthy food intake is essential to overall health, and is reported to reduce the risk of nutritionrelated chronic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes [1,2]. There is growing evidence that physical access to different types of food outlets substantially influences dietary patterns and weight status at the population level [3-5]. A report that systematically reviews 19 Canadian community food assessments found a positive relationship between geographic access to non-nutritious food sources and obesity rate, especially among children and youth [6]. Increasingly, the community food environment has become one of the most pressing public health concerns in Canada.


The properties of polyacrylamide hydrogels synthesized with a novel hexafunctional (three double bonds) cross‐linker, hexahydro‐1,3,5‐triacryloyl‐s‐triazine (1a), was evaluated and compared to the currently used tetrafunctional (two double bonds) cross‐linker N,N‐methylenebisacrylamide (Bis). A variety of characterization techniques that require very little sample preparation and data handling were chosen and include polymerization temperature profiles and conversions, water swelling, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), Gradiflow™ electrophoretic separation process and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The alternative use of 1a compared to Bis results in polyacrylamide gels with larger pore sizes and a broad pore size distribution.


Organizations representing Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDE) member countries, in their role of managing scientific and technical information, bring under bibliographic control journal article and periodical literature for the ETDE Energy Database. Approximately half the records of research results selected for the database are obtained from periodicals. The purpose of this publication is twofold: (1) to provide a reference tool for evaluating the productivity of the energy-related journal literature to the ETDE members responsible for covering those journals and (2) to serve as reference to users interested in knowing which journals are routinely covered in the database. Countries and international organizations that had no productive titles during 1991-1993 are not included. Likewise, journal titles that were not productive during this time period are not included. For each country, total number of journals cited for the period 1991-1993 is given along with productivity totals for each journal.


Objective:To investigate the effect of low-intensity ultrasound on the growth of human cervical cancer Ca Ski cells.Methods:The human cervical cancer Ca Ski cells were irradiated by low-intensity ultrasound with different intensity and time.The intensity of ultrasound(1.7MHz)was 0.65 W/cm2 and 0.8W/cm2,respectively.The exposure time was 10,20,30,40,50 and 60 s respectively:Ca Ski cells were incubated in 24 well culture plates for 24 hours after sonication and Cytotoxicity was tested by MTT assay.Results: Cytotoxicity of ultrasound radiation on Ca Ski cells in the experimental groups was significantly higher than that in the controls(P0.05).Conclusion:Ultrasound exposure can effectively inhibit the growth of Ca Ski cells.The effect is relevant to the intensity and exposure time of ultrasound radiation.


The current situation for the protection of the High Aswan Dam necessitated the revision of the current discharge capacity of the Toshka Weir. Due to the fact that it is expected to receive several high floods in Lake Nasser Reservoir and the restriction of passing high discharges (less than 700milliom m/day) downstream the dam, a new spillway has been proposed to accommodate the newly established discharge in the Toshka Depression. A description of the structure is described with propose d design alternatives. The location and requirements of operation imposed specific unique design criteria that are seldom implemented in other similar types of structures. These criteria are discussed including hot thermal stresses on the regulator and c hosen alternative is described.


lin between the first and second meeting (Molotov's first appointment with Stalin). On this occasion, Molotov and Stalin agreed that Joachim von Ribbentrop might visit Moscow on 26 and 27 August, providing an economic agreement between the USSR and Germany was signed by that time. At his second meeting with Schulenburg at 16:30, Molotov provided the German ambassador with the draft for a pact on which Stalin himself had worked during the afternoon (Documents of German Foreign Policy, 1918-1945, ed. P. R. Sweet et al., series D, vol. 7 [London, 1956], 132-33, 158). Not only does this provide evidence of what Stalin was doing between 13:55 and 17:15, when he did not have appointments, but one can also ask whether it is likely that the cautious Stalin would make an "irrevocable decision" with policy being in such a fluid state? This adds strength to Teddy Uldricks's case and is strong evidence that Suvorov's thesis is incorrect.


High-strength concrete columns, usually reinforced, require high rates of confined transverse reinforcement to obtain ductile fracture. In this paper the composite columns of steel pipes with square and rectangular sections, and cores consisting of high-strength concrete, are analyzed with the objective of changing the usual confining reinforcement. The metal pipes were fabricated with steel plates with 5,0 mm and 6,9 mm thickness, on cold cutting and folded in "U" form, and then subsequently compounding pipes with transverse sections of 60 mm x 60 mm and 60 mm x 100mm, and 460 mm height. The wall cross-section of steel pipes was determined by section of transverse and longitudinal reinforcement used in the square and rectangular columns reinforced conventionally. In the design the differences between yield strain of steel plates and yield strain of the reinforcement concrete columns were computed. To define the yield strain of steel plates, specimens were tested and analyzed under axial tension. With the mechanical properties of the metal pipes and the mixture of the high-strength concrete core, eight models were tested - four with square transverse sections and four with rectangular transverse sections. The specimens were tested under concentric compression loading, on a rigid hydraulic press with load controlled capabilities, having a maximum compression load of 10.000 kN. It is concluded from the investigation that composite columns with square sections were efficient in the confinement of high-strength concrete core and presented global instability. However, the composite columns with rectangular sections presented localized instability near the extremities, probably due to compression of the concrete core.


In this chapter selected articles and publications clearly related to research are discussed and commentary is provided on recent developments in guidance research at the elementary and secondary school levels. In preparing the chapter a variety of sources in addition to the major periodical publications were searched for the period from July 1965 to July 1968. Research evaluating school guidance programs and the role of research as an integral part of such programs are emphasized in this chapter. Since the topic of almost every chapter in this issue is a part, in some way, of school guidance programs, it becomes increasingly difficult and perhaps irrelevant to continue to consider guidance programs separately.


The term "customary law" has many layers of meaning when applied to the African experience. This paper gives a vivid example of a practice of the Chagga people of Kilimanjaro which they regard as a matter of custom. But the paper also makes clear that the idea of customary law has had changing significance in the British colonial period, in the post-colonial present, and in anthropological theory. The paper presents some of the concepts which Professor Sally Moore has found useful in analyzing this complex topic.


The StECon (Stiller Energy Converter) is a promising new small hydropower plant for kinetic energy. It is an invention of Mr. Hans-Ludwig Stiller and has several advantages compared to the technologies for the use of hydropower known for millennia. It runs completely submerged forwards and backwards, with horizontal or vertical axis and has a compact design by using a single or a double-sided planetary gear with optimum alignment to the flow direction. The possible applications include mobile and stationary tide and current generators as well as hybrid solutions, either as a generator or as a propulsion system. The high expectations have to be confirmed in a research project StEwaKorad at the University of Siegen. Aim of this research project is to investigate the performance and characteristics of the StECon as an energy converter for producing renewable energy from hydropower with low fall heights including sea currents.


The creation of new health insurance exchanges comes with new challenges for physicians, but perhaps not immediately, say the experts.


In this paper, a time domain reflectometry (TDR)-based system for measuring water content of raw construction materials is presented. The proposed system relies on the fact that the presence of water leads to an increase of the dielectric permittivity of materials; therefore, from TDR-based permittivity measurements, it is possible to infer the water content value. In practical applications, the proposed system could be used for assessing the intrinsic water content of construction materials before they are poured into the concrete mixture. Knowing the intrinsic water content of the raw materials, in fact, would allow to evaluate the optimal amount of water that should be added to the mixture in order to achieve the desired water-to-cement ratio. This, in turn, would permit to fine-tune and control the mechanical properties of the final concrete structures. For assessing the feasibility of using the proposed system for the intended purpose, water content measurements were carried out on three construction materials, namely, sand, gray cement, and white portland cement. For each of these materials, a calibration curve relating water content to the apparent dielectric permittivity was derived; additionally, through repeated measurements, also a confidence interval was associated with the calibration curves.


Transplantation of fascia was first done by McArthur in 1901.1 He used strips of the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle of the abdomen as living sutures in the repair of inguinal hernias. In an article published in 1912, Brun described surgery he did in Lucerne, Switzerland, in 1905. He applied a band of fascia lata for ligation during repair of a prolapsed rectum.2 Kirschner,3 at the surgical clinic in Greifswald, Germany, worked under Professor A. Payr for a year and a half experimenting with fascia lata. He is said to have been the first to suggest its use to join tendons, and to repair defects in the dura mater. He concluded that fascia lata, as an autogenous graft, grew well in any new environment and had great strength (1909). At a meeting of the Medical Association of Greifswald, 4 December 1908, Payr4 presented a patient on whom he had corrected a congenital ptosis of the upper eyelid by using a free autogenous transplant of fascia lata to sling the tarsus below to the frontalis muscle above, passing the fascia under the orbicularis muscle. The result was satisfactory a year and a half later from both a functional and a cosmetic viewpoint. Gradually fascia lata was used in a greater variety of surgical procedures. Koenig (1909)5,6 is said to have been the first to employ fascia to bridge defects in the walls of hollow organs. He used it on one case of recurrence of abdominal hernia, after four previous attempts at closure had failed, by placing a flap of fascia over the suture


Furthermore, the Association conveys an impression of what is to be considered politically, as well as scholarly, acceptable. Thus the Bernstein Report instructs us as follows: "Effective service as a faculty member is often compatable with certain types of political activity, for example, holding a part-time office in a political party or serving as a citizen of a governmental advisory board." (Italics mine) But why are only "certain types of political activity" compatable with a faculty position? What types are not? What is it about government boards and political parties that make them acceptable? And what "neutral-professional" criteria allow us to draw distinctions? The APSA lends its imprimatur to mainstream institutions and political figures by awarding merit citations and sponsoring Congressional fellowships and bi-partisan conferences for freshmen state legislators and Congressmen (complete with four pages of inane photographs in the Winter 1969 issue of P.S.). That the advertising and servicing of Republican and Democratic politicians qualifies as a value-free professional activity is at least questionable. Some colleagues may feel quite content with ongoing arrangements: they want the profession, the Association and the universities to sustain and service our government and the interests it serves. Be it the right of any political scientist to accept and defend the staus quo, but surely others of us are equally within our rights in trying to change present commitments. In a world replete with exploitation, institutional authoritarianism, racism, militarism and mass murder, we would like to see the Association and the profession become, at least in part, a force which challenges rather than supports the dominant ideology and practices of this unhappy society, an organization which will be reluctant to lend its moral, intellectual, scientific and material resources to established powers and values—even at the risk of straining relations with the NSF and the Rockefeller and Ford Foundations. Such a new commitment would not entail a sacrifice of scholarly quality nor a neglect of the more ordinary chores of our profession. The various moves made by the Association (of which this symposium is but one) toward more controversial and self-critical subjects have not threatened the intellectual quality of our work. If anything, they only threaten to bring us back to life. It is time some of our colleagues disabused themselves of the illusion that conventional political values are somehow more professional than unconventional ones and that polemics and journalism are the only alternatives to their particular definition of the one true science. I, for one, need be treated to no further preachments about the untainted wonders of an allegedly non-normative empiricism. It is not that we dissenters wish to abandon our science but that we wish to introduce new questions to it, broaden its systematic applications and its theoretical scope, deepen its critical thrust and make explicit is value-ladened premises and effects. Like the university, the Association can support political and scholarly orthodoxy or it can encourage political and scholarly heterodoxy. It can ignore the purge mentality behind certain hiring and firing practices or it can push for fair play and respect for individual rights and scholarly accomplishment. It can court the powers that be or it can question and challenge such powers in the light of urgent social problems. The one thing the Association cannot do is pretend to a professional neutrality that never was.


Metronidazole, menadione bisulfite, and oxygen oxidized NADH- and dithionite-reduced flavin of the Azotobacter vinelandii respiratory particle fraction. The oxidation of NADH-reduced flavin by metronidazole was slow compared to the oxidations by menadione bisulfite and oxygen. Metronidazole caused spectral changes characteristic of cytochrome d oxidation, but the changes in NADH-reduced particles were slow.