By far, the bulk of Ophthalmological Considerations is concerned with fundamental issues in rehabilitation of the blind and not, as the title suggests, the interface between ophthalmology and rehabilitation. Rehabilitation topics covered are advocacy and the rights of the blind consumer, the legislative history of rehabilitation, the problem of attitudes, the Optacon, the tactile vision substitution system, the sighted guide technique, and many more "non-ophthalmological considerations in the rehabilitation of the blind." The book is therefore more suitable as a resource for the ophthalmologist interested in rehabilitation than the rehabilitator interested in ophthalmology. From the title of the book, concerned rehab professionals and ophthalmologists will expect at least a discussion of how ophthalmology and rehab might arrive at a new consensus. Thankfully, there are a few rewards for the reader persistent enough to ferret them out. In one chapter entitled "Implications for Rehabilitation of Blind Individuals," an honest critique of ophthalmologists brings the rehabilitator's complaints out in the open, e.g., ophthalmologists prescribing beyond medical needs, ophthalmologists offering false hope, ophthalmologists becoming resentful over referrals to a low vision specialist, ophthalmologists neglecting the duty to report on patients for the state's blind registry, etc. In another revealing chapter entitled "PSYChiatric Problems in Rehabilitation from an Ophthalmologist's Point of View," an ophthalmologist with a background in psychiatry explains the ophthalmologist's side of the story. He succeeds in describing in intimate terms, " ...this very human team member called the ophthalmologist." The administrator interested in new service delivery systems will want to read "Planning a System of Services for the Blind." This chapter describes Missouri's innovative plan for services to the blind; a


In the framework of the ADS projects (Accelerator Driven System) developing worldwide, a reliability activity is on going to validate and qualify the linac accelerator design with focus on the general operational and design characteristics that shape the accelerator performance. Further quantitative results should be based on estimations mostly deriving from operational surveys at existing accelerator facilities. Currently, a validated accelerator component reliability data base has not yet been assembled, and because of the early stage of the ADS design in which several systems are not established at this time the topic can be addressed by the application of a preliminary FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) methodology, helpful in the identification of reliability-critical areas, where modifications to the design can help to reduce the probability of system failures. In this paper, the preliminary results of this activity are presented together with possible solutions to improve the reliability of the reference linac design.


Bioengineering/Biomedical engineering education has evolved since the late 1950s and is progressing in leading academic institutions around the world. Today, bioengineering/biomedical engineering is considered to be one of the most reputable fields within the global arena, and will probably be the primer for any future breakthroughs in medicine and biology. This paper is intended to provide a detailed study of career development in Bioengineering/Biomedical Engineering, together with a set of strategies and recommendations to be pursued by individuals and/or entities seeking to plan and design careers and/or curricula in this field. The paper aims to address the international student who is considering bioengineering/biomedical engineering as a career, with an underlying emphasis on students from developing and transitional countries where career guidance is lacking. The paper is also addressed to academic institutions of higher education, ministries of higher education, and other governmental agencies, mainly within such countries, who intend to launch or reform their bioengineering/biomedical engineering curricula. A comprehensive undergraduate curriculum that has been recently implemented at the American University of Science and Technology, Beirut, Lebanon, is presented here as a prototype of a modern well-developed curriculum in Biomedical Engineering. This program is considered to be one of the regional premier curricula in Bioengineering/Biomedical Engineering. The paper also provides a thorough review of the literature followed by a comprehensive definition of the field and its subdivisions.


In a climate of limited resources for the long-term conservation and management of archaeological resources, their significance must be assessed not only with reference to the research design of the archaeological project that recovered them, but also from a clear understanding of wider regional and national research frameworks to which they may be able to contribute new information. Currently, no state or national level research frameworks exist for Australian historical archaeology. There are therefore few reference points against which the relative importance of archaeological resources can be assessed or management policies and decisions justified. This paper presents a preliminary thematic framework for Australian historical archaeology and discusses the results of the publications analysis on which it is based. The framework was developed in the context of a broader research project aimed at developing a model for assessing the research significance of Australian historical archaeological collections. The preliminary thematic framework is presented here as a foundation upon which state and national research frameworks for Australian historical archaeology can begin to be built.


Abstract The combination of UV and diode-laser polarimetric detection of chiral molecules offers significant advantages in high performance liquid chromatography. The method described here circumvents the derivatization step and the use of chiral stationary or mobile phases for the resolution of enantiomers. Data acquisition of the polarimeter was performed with AC/DC interface and software Pico ADC-100 coupled to the polarimeter detector. Quantitative methods in the range 1-150 μg and 1-600 μg of (+)-cinchonine and (-)-cinchonidine, respectively, were established. Enantiomeric ratio determined by using UV and diode-laser polarimetric data without chiral separation is discussed. Manuscript 1080


The present invention disclose a light sensor circuit. This light sensor circuit is applied to a photoelectric current generator, when the shutter signal is a first state, the capacitor for the voltage to the applied photo current to control the node generated having a photo diode to be applied to generate a photocurrent proportional to incident light quantity to output node and, a shutter signal is the second state if the switching unit for applying a predetermined current to the control node, and applies the photocurrent is applied to the output node to the control node, the feedback loop of the photodiode through a photo current is applied to the output node always comprising a stabilizing circuit is formed, and if the circuit stabilization unit when a predetermined control current to the control node is responsive to the photocurrent is applied to the output node to form a feedback loop of the photodiode, a given current is applied to the control node feedback the NMOS transistors 1 to turn off the loop and is applied to a photoelectric current is applied to the output node to the control node. The response to the photocurrent is applied to an output node connected to claim 2 NMOS transistors, and the first and the 2 NMOS transistors and a photodiode which always form a feedback loop of the photodiodes, provide a current path for forming a feedback loop, 3 includes a feedback loop stabilization having a NMOS transistor. Therefore, without a feedback loop effect on the output control signal of the output control section always increasing reliability and to be stably maintained.


Graduation thesis research is an important practical teaching part in training the specialized and the overall quality of students in institutions of higher learning, it is an effective way to train the ability of working independently, scientific research and innovation capacity of students. The combination of thesis and research projects had not only solved the lack of funds at present time, but also provided an effective way for improving the ability of scientific research and engineering practice of students. By focusing on the characteristics of students and reflecting the "scientificity" of the topics, by collecting literature data, writing literature review, serious field practice and practical information gathering, attentions on indoor work and thesis writing, students were trained in both thesis and research projects. There was at least one outstanding thesis in each undergraduate grade during the four years. There were two school outstanding theses in 2008, one school and two college outstanding theses in 2009. What's more, the undergraduates guided had been well thought of in job hunting and further applied for post-graduate master's degree by employers, admissions institutions and master instructors. The basic and professional knowledge had been consolidated then the students could analyze and solve problems independently with their knowledge learned, and the ability of scientific research was also promoted.


Fig. 3. Final reconstruction: Aorta and IVC were reconstructed with Y-Dacron graft (yellow arrow) and combination of Dacron and bovine graft (white arrow). Left renal vein is seen coursing over the aortic graft (blue arrow). Fig. 4. Postoperative CT abdomen shows no residual/recurrent disease. Grafted aorta and IVC are shown with red and blue arrows, respectively. Fig. 1. (A) Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showing the nodal mass (white arrow) in the paracaval area with complete invasion of inferior vena cava (IVC) and right ureter and abutting the aortic wall (aorta indicated with red arrow). (B) CT abdomen showing complete encasement of the right common iliac artery (red arrow). A B


Biotic and abiotic rock constittlent of the Kapp Starostin Formation (Permian), South-West Spitsbergen, have been studied by means of factor analysis of correspondences. Eight associations are distinguished among the variable (thickshelled brachiopod, bryozoan, brachiopod-crinoid, bryozoan-ostracode, spongeostracode, sponge, foraminifer-algal, and foraminifer associations) and interpreted as indicative of distinct facies zones inciuding nearshore, offshore trough, bank, open sea, and lagoon. The facies pattern was controlled mainly by distance from the shoreline, coast type, water energy and depth.


A new model of banks conceptualized by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is popularly known as Payment Bank. As these banks cannot issue loans and credit cards, but both current and savings accounts can be operated by such banks. Money is the life blood of every economy. Now-a-days cash transactions are much simpler due to the popularization of internet, smart phones and other digital technologies. Therefore most of the transactions were cashless and if these practices will continue as it is then in future physical form of currencies will no longer be a king. Privacy, security and convenience are the factors which influence the users while using the facility of payment banks. The last decade has seen tremendous growth in use of internet and mobile phone in India. Increasing use of internet, mobile penetration and government initiative such as Digital India are acting as catalyst which leads to exponential growth in use of digital payment. But still many people are there who were not ready to accept this system of banking as they have a thinking of being cheated. The current paper will help to identify the customer perception towards payment bank.


In this paper, we present a method based on tangent distance to estimate motion in image sequences. Tangent distance combines an intuitive understanding and effective modeling of differences between patterns. This tool was first introduced and successfully applied in character recognition. It allows to compare patterns according to small transformations (translations, rotations, etc.). We show, how to take advantages of some properties of tangent distances to perform a robust motion estimation algorithm. Particularly, the presented algorithm can easily be adapted and optimized to various types of movements and can also be used to estimate optical flow in image sequences. Moreover, and despite a time of computation a bit long, this algorithm can be massively paralleled.


The nature of the delivery of public services has changed in recent years and is becoming more dependent on contractual relationships for a number of reasons. Public services today are provided by multiple providers that are public organizations, for-profit companies and non-profit organizations. The result is a "public service delivery system" consisting of a variety of different organizations. The "contract" has gained importance is one of the key institutions that link the public purchasers with service providers. Managing by contracts differs from managing through hierarchies. Public managers both have to authorize and sign contracts and act as "purchasers," and try to establish working relationships with providers built on mutual respect and businesslike arrangements. As contractual relationships increase in importance the management of contracts has become a core task for the successful public manager. This text is a must read for anyone currently working in, or studying public management today. Illustrated with practitioner case studies to bring the theory to life, along with clear directives in each chapter this text enables its readers to develop: * A critical understanding of the nature of contracting for public services, and the ability to decide under what circumstances contracting is a sensible idea to implement * An understanding of how to deal with service provider markets * An understanding of the use of information technology in the management of contracts * A set of contract management skills to enable them to successfully plan and introduce contracts * A set of skills to be able to evaluate service provided through contractual arrangements * Approaches to hire, train and educate contract managers


Background: Traditionally rheumatic heart disease with mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation has been the common mechanism of cardioembolic strokes in India. However, with the increase in life span and higher detection and development of cardiac diseases, the frequency and etiologic spectrum of cardioembolic stroke in an Indian hospital may be changing. Methods: The case records of patients admitted in the year 2020 were analyzed for the presence of risk factors and identified stroke mechanisms. Results: Among 538 patients of ischemic strokes, cardioembolic source was identified in 156 (29.8%) patients. Five major cardiac sources of embolism were identified: Coronary artery disease (with acute or remote myocardial infarction) 56/156 (35.89%), non valvular atrial fibrillation, 34/156(21.79%), post cardiac intervention 28/156 (17.94%), left atrial cardiomyopathy 20/156 (12.8%), and rheumatic heart disease 13/156 (8.3%). Conclusion: Coronary artery disease, non valvular atrial fibrillation, post intervention stroke and left atrial cardiomyopathy are emerging as common causes of cardioembolic strokes. Rheumatic heart disease continues to be an important but less frequent cause of cardioembolic strokes.


Thiolase proceeds via covalent catalysis involving an acetyl-S-enzyme. The active-site thiol nucleophile is identified as Cys89 by acetylation with [14C]acetyl-CoA, rapid denaturation, tryptic digestion, and sequencing of the labeled peptide. The native acetyl enzyme is labile to hydrolytic decomposition with t 1/2 of 2 min at pH 7, 25 degrees C. Cys89 has been converted to the alternate nucleophile Ser89 by mutagenesis and the C89S enzyme overproduced, purified, and assessed for activity. The Ser89 enzyme retains 1% of the Vmax of the Cys89 enzyme in the direction of acetoacetyl-CoA thiolytic cleavage and 0.05% of the Vmax in the condensation of two acetyl-CoA molecules. A covalent acetyl-O-enzyme intermediate is detected on incubation with [14C]acetyl-CoA and isolation of the labeled Ser89-containing tryptic peptide. Comparisons of the Cys89 and Ser89 enzymes have been made for kinetic and thermodynamic stability of the acetyl enzyme intermediates both by isolation and by analysis of [32P]CoASH/acetyl-CoA partial reactions and for rate-limiting steps in catalysis with trideuterioacetyl-CoA.


Several perhydroindene derivatives were prepared from 2,7-dimethyl-1,3,7-octatriene (I) via Diels Alder reaction followed by cyclisation. For example, the Diels Alder reaction between I and methyl vinyl ketone (II) in the presence of Lewis acid afforded 4-acetyl-3-(3-methylbut-3-enyl)-1-methylcyclohexene (IIIa), which, upon treatment with phosphoric acid, was converted to a mixture of 2-acetyl-5,7,7-trimethyl-bicyclo [4,3,0]-non-1-(6)-ene (IV), 2-acetyl-5,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4,3,0]-non-1-ene (VI) and 2-isopropyl-3,6-dimethylindene (V).


The traffic control system operated by Tokyo's Metropolitan Expressway Public Corporation supports efficient operation of the expressway network serving Tokyo and its adjacent prefectures by ensuring smooth traffic management, securing a reasonable traffic flow and promoting road-user safety and comfort. The traffic control system provides 24 hour non-stop operation and supplies real-time information to achieve its role of serving society. This paper considers methods for constructing and operating the advanced traffic control system to secure a high level of system reliability. (A*) For the covering abstract see ITRD E110327.


The increasing use in clinical practice of software such as mobile apps and clinical decision support (CDS) software has only recently been taken up by regulators around the world. Specifically, the European Commission and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have updated their regulatory framework in the last years. Van Laere et al have given an extensive overview of the European and US approaches to regulate CDS software. This commentary further discusses regulatory differences between the two geographies and their impact on manufacturers of medical device software. We discuss the practical implementation of the regulatory framework for medical device software (especially CDS software) with a reference to the available international guidance documents and their limitations. Given the direction of stricter regulatory oversight in Europe, additional European guidelines/examples are desirable to enable a pragmatic regulatory approach ensuring continued access to innovative medical device software for European patients.


CONTEXT
Acromegaly can impair bone integrity, increasing the risk of vertebral fractures (VF).

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the impact of isolated GH/IGF-I hypersecretion on bone turnover markers,Wnt inhibitors, BMD, microarchitecture, bone strength and vertebral fractures in female patients with acromegaly (Acro), compared to healthy control group (HC).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS
Cross-sectional study including 83 premenopausal women without any pituitary deficiency:18 acromegaly in remission (AcroR), 12 in group with active acromegaly (AcroA) and 53 HC. Serum P1NP, β-CTX, osteocalcin, sclerostin and DKK1 were measured in blood samples. DXA, HR-pQCT and vertebral fractures evaluation were also assessed simultaneously.

MAIN OUTCOME AND RESULTS
AcroA showed significantly lower sclerostin and higher DKK1 as compared to HC. On HR-pQCT of tibia and radius, Acro showed impairment of trabecular (area and trabecular number), increased cortical porosity and increased cortical area and cortical thickness compared to HC. The only significant correlation found with HR-pQCT parameters was a positive correlation between cortical porosity and serum DKK1 (R=0.45, P=0.044). Mild VF were present in approximately thirty percent of patients.

CONCLUSIONS
Eugonadal women with acromegaly without any pituitary deficiency showed increased cortical BMD, impairment of trabecular bone microstructure and increased VF. Sclerostin was not correlated with any HR-pQCT parameters, however DKK1 was correlated with cortical porosity in tibia (P=0.027). Additional studies are needed to clarify, the role of Wnt inhibitors on bone microarchitecture impairment in acromegaly.


The structures of a 1:2 molecular complex(I) of 1,1,6,6-tetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2,4-hexadiyne-1,6-diol with ethanol, a 1:1 complex(II) of 1,1-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-2-butyn-1-ol with ethanol, and a 1:1 complex(III) of 9-hydroxy-9-(1-propynyl)fluorene with methanol have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The crystal data are: I, C42H50O4, P\bar1, a=8.249(3), b=9.522(5), c=14.803(8)A, α=100.95(4), β=110.82(4), γ=113.08(3)°, Z=1, and Rf=0.105 for 1834 observed Mo Kα data; II, C22H28O2, P\bar1, a=8.142(2), b=11.281(3), c=l2.262(4)A, α=102.76(2), β=97.08(2), γ=111.19(2)°, Z=2, and Rf=0.073 for 2104 data; III, C17H16O2, P21/a, a=8.641(5), b=10.883(5), c=30.63(2)A, β=92.88(4)°, Z=8, Rf=0.154 for 1885 data. The crystal structures of I and II are closely related and both feature planar hydrogen-bonded (OH)4 rings centered at centrosymmetric sites. In III, the fluorene and methanol molecules belong to two independent sets, and the molecular components in each set are alternately linked by hydrogen bond...


Elective surgical case cancelations negatively impact healthcare systems and patient dissatisfaction. Preanesthesia assessment clinics (PACs) have been established in many countries to facilitate preoperative medical optimization. However, their benefits for elective procedure cancelations in Thailand have not been formally assessed. This study evaluated the impact of a PAC on scheduled elective surgical case cancelations at a Thai university hospital. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted for the period covering from May 2016 to April 2017. We included all scheduled elective surgical cases at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand, canceled on the day of surgery. The cancelation incidences of patients attending and not attending the PAC were compared. Cancellation reasons were categorized as "patient issue," "hospital-facility issue," "surgeon issue," "anesthesiologist issue," "medical condition," and "miscellaneous." The PAC patients' reasons were rigorously explored to determine their preventability. There were 30,351 scheduled elective procedures during the study period. The case-cancelation incidences were 0.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7–1.2%) for patients visiting the PAC and 5.9% (95% CI, 5.6–6.3%) for those who did not. Medical conditions were the most common reason for cancelation for non-PAC patients (27.3%), whereas hospital-facility issues were the most frequent for PAC patients (43.8%). The cancelation rate for patient issues was significantly lower in the PAC group (4.2% vs 20.7%; P < .05). Thirty-one (64.6%) of the PAC patients' cancelations were potentially preventable. Of the 15 PAC patient cancelations related to medical conditions, 12 were for patients with a history of acute illness and were determined to be nonpreventable. Visiting the PAC was significantly associated with a decreased elective-case cancelation rate. Cancellations were most frequently related to hospital-facility issues for patients visiting the PAC and medical conditions for those who did not. Some PAC patient cancelations for medical conditions involved unpreventable acute patient illnesses. Clinical Trials.gov (NCT02816281).


Given the complicated nature of modern architectural and language level memory model designs, it is vital to have a systematic approach for specifying memory consistency requirements that can support verification and promote understanding. In this paper, we develop a specification methodology that defines a memory model operationally using a generic transition system with integrated model checking capability to enable formal reasoning about program correctness in a multithreaded environment. Based on a simple abstract machine, our system can be configured to define a variety of consistency models in a uniform notation. We then apply this framework as a taxonomy to formalize several well known memory models. We also provide an alternative specification for the Java memory model based on a proposal from Manson and Pugh and demonstrate how to conduct computer aided analysis for Java thread semantics. Finally, we compare this operational approach with axiomatic approaches and discuss a method to convert a memory model definition from one style to the other.


Abstract Internet broadband access is becoming a reality in many countries. To fully exploit the benefits from high-speed connection, both suitable home network connectivity and advanced services support have to be made available to the user. In this article, issues relative to the upgrade of existing home networks, particularly in old buildings, together with networking and security requirements are addressed, and possible solutions are proposed.


Every organization needs the proper knowledge management (KM) strategy for the development of the organization. In the last decades the business environment has changed and recently it becomes more dynamic and more complex. At present KM is valuable not only for individuals, and organizations, but also, for global humanity. So, the directors of the organizations must emphasize on the existing knowledge and try to develop them to achieve the competitive advantage. The purpose of the study is to explore the recent KM practice in the organizations and to show the ways to develop the new KM strategy in future. An attempt has been taken here to apply KM strategy in business performance, business intelligence, and e-business.


We report, in this work, on unprecedented levels of parametric amplification in microelectromechanical resonators, operated in air, with integrated piezoelectric actuation and sensing capabilities. The method relies on an analytical/numerical understanding of the influence of geometrical nonlinearities inherent to the bridge-like configuration of the resonators. We provide analytical formulae to predict the performances of the parametric amplifier below the nonlinearity threshold, in terms of gain and quality factor (Q) enhancement. The analysis explains how to overcome this nonlinearity threshold by controlling the drive signals. It predicts that in theory, any Q-factor enhancement can be achieved. Experimental validation demonstrates a Q-factor enhancement by up to a factor 14 in air.


Purpose – This paper seeks to discuss the characteristics that shape a model to manage eLearning in a large, predominantly campus‐based university. It focuses on how such a model can provide a sustainable approach to supporting eLearning for more than 40,000 students while still managing basic quality assurance for the University executive and the individual disciplinary needs of faculties.Design/methodology/approach – Prior research and theoretical issues related to a generalised course development and teaching process are discussed followed by an analysis of a case‐study from a large metropolitan Australian university. The case‐study illustrates key aspects of the management model providing insights into how staff are empowered and supported to develop meaningful eLearning resources for students, how quality improvement is managed, and how organizational learning takes place.Findings – Following the analysis of how key aspects of the model relate to the university discussed in the case study, several ch...


A periodic bond-chain (PBC) analysis has been made of the structure of β-BaB2O4 (BBO) and related to crystal growth conditions, in order to explain the sometimes tangerine-shaped, sometimes needle shaped crystals that are observed when BBO is grown experimentally. The periodic bond chains generate eight-connected nets in BBO. The order of morphological importance (MI) of these F faces is determined by comparing the nearest-neighbour interaction ionic bond energies. The results are compared with experimental data. Six faces, sometimes observed parallel to the c axis of BBO, were identified as the hexagonal prism {11{\bar 2}0}. Two other forms are either the trigonal pyramids {01{\bar 1}2} and {01{\bar 1}{\bar 2}} or the trigonal pyramids {10{\bar 1}2} and {01{\bar 1}{\bar 2}}. {0001} is an important cleavage plane. The tangerine habit is a result of the strong temperature gradient, which is often used when growing BBO. The isotherms of the furnace impose their habit on the growing crystal.


The article studied the technology of enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat germ to produce nutritive and natural wheat germ beverage which nitrogen content is more than other domestic products. The best process- ing parameters of enzymatic hydrolysis were decided by orthogonal experiment.


Summary Statement The generation and transcriptome analysis of the first induced pluripotent stem cells from the platypus reveals SOX2 has been a key driver of the expanded pluripotency regulatory network in placental mammals. ABSTRACT The mechanisms by which pluripotency has evolved remain unclear. To gain insight into the evolution of mammalian pluripotency we have generated induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) from the platypus. Deep sequencing of the piPSC transcriptome revealed that piPSCs robustly express the core eutherian pluripotency factors OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG. Given the more extensive role of SOX3 over SOX2 in avian pluripotency, our data indicate that between 315 million years and 166 million years ago primitive mammals replaced the role of SOX3 in the vertebrate pluripotency network with SOX2. DAX1/NR0B1 is not expressed in piPSCs and an analysis of the platypus DAX1 promoter revealed the absence of a proximal SOX2-binding DNA motif known to be critical for DAX1 expression in eutherian pluripotent stem cells, suggesting that the acquisition of SOX2 responsiveness by DAX1 has facilitated its recruitment into the pluripotency network of eutherians. We further show that the expression ratio of X chromosomes to autosomes (X1-5 X1-5:AA) is approximately equal to 1 indicating that there is no upregulation of X-linked genes and that there is no preference for silencing of maternal or paternal alleles (ie imprinting).


The invention discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor for a hoisting mechanism of a direct-drive crane; the permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a permanent magnet synchronous motor shell, a stator winding, a stator iron core, a permanent magnet, a rotor, a winding drum revolving shaft and a winding drum; and the permanent magnet synchronous motor has more than 20 poles. In the invention, by increasing the number of the poles of the permanent magnet motor, a variable-frequency power source is adopted to realize low-speed operation of the motor, high torque is output, the motor directly drives the load to work, a speed reducer is canceled, the structure is simple and practical, and the working efficiency of the system is improved; a rotor structure adopted by the invention can effectively solve the problem of difficult assembly of the permanent magnet motor; rotor magnetic poles and magnetic separation steel rings commonly protect the permanent magnet from being damaged when in assembly; reluctance torque is reduced to be zero in the installation process, the installation difficulty is reduced, and requirements and dependence to installation tools (special mounting equipment) is reduced, and the quality of the rotor and the complexity of the rotor structure are greatly reduced.


New turbojet-engine concept could reduce nitric oxide emissions to a level from one-fifteenth to as little as one three-hundredth that of conventional units. Multiple-stage combustor could overcome flame instability problems associated with previous low-flame-temperature systems. It operates in a relatively-simple adiabatic mode without elaborate fuel-flow and air circulation patterns.,


population," are problematic. Figures on UPA membership, though far from definitive, suggest a solid core of 40,000 members, or approximately 1% of the ethnically Ukrainian population of Galicia (and in fact the movement was first evident in Volhynia to the north so the actual proportion would have been lower). In other words, most Ukrainians were not conducting attacks on Jews. Third, the wisdom of constructing monuments to nationalist heroes has caused deep divisions in modem Ukraine. It reflects the confusion over the recent past. In fact, it was the Soviet regime that initially suppressed information about the Holocaust in the republic, not independent Ukraine. It would perhaps be more accurate to say that Ukraine has yet to come to grips with the history of the war years, the somewhat crude grandstanding of President Viktor Yushchenko for recognition of OUN-UPA notwithstanding. However, the monuments in Galicia derive from local initiatives rather than officials in Kyiv. Moreover, while "ethnically cleansed," today's population of Western Ukraine has no urban past. It has inherited towns that were formerly occupied by Poles and Jews that had a deep demographic divide with the ethnically Ukrainian countryside. Can Ukrainians reasonably be expected to adopt the Jewish past as part of their memory, as well as preserving synagogues and cemeteries? It is perhaps desirable but hardly to be expected. Instead they have created their own heroes, chosen to ignore their crimes and faults, and rewritten history. It is lamentable but far from uncommon in modem states and emerging nations. Thus this reader finds the book deeply frustrating on several counts. It offers some poignant and moving reflections on Jewish life in Galicia. Yet it cannot be considered a historical study, though it deals exclusively with the past. It substitutes condemnatory judgments for analysis and, by polarizing and simplifying issues, hardly adds to the continuing and exploratory writings of contemporary researchers, such as Dieter Pohl, Frank Golczewski, John-Paul Himka, and Wendy Lower, not to mention some of the distinguished works by Bartov himself.


Primary cutaneous involvement in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is rare in elderly patients. Here we present a case of 65 years old male admitted to a metropolitan tertiary care hospital because of maculo-papular lesions on chest and back for last 3 months as chief complaint along with on and off history of fever, fatigability and anorexia. On general examination, there was no lymphadenopathy. Per-abdomen examination revealed hepato-splenomegaly. CT scan of chest and abdomen showed para-tracheal, pre-tracheal, carinal, hilar and abdominal lymphadenopathy. Peripheral blood smear and bone marrow aspiration showed more than 80% of lymphoblasts. Flow cytometry of the bone marrow aspirate showed CD7, CD5, CD45 and TdT positivity indicating T–cell origin. Skin biopsy from maculo-papular lesion revealed secondary leukemic infiltration of the skin. Corroborating all the above findings, a final diagnosis of T-cell ALL with leukemia cutis was made. Thereafter patient was given chemotherapy and after one month, the skin lesions started resolving and total leukocyte count (TLC) decreased. One week later, skin lesions relapsed with fall in hemoglobin and rise in TLC. Repeat bone marrow aspirate showed 90% blasts cells. Then, patient was put on palliative therapy but his condition progressively deteriorated and ultimately died within four months of diagnosis.


This article presents the application of observation depth contours in a sample and a scale curve in a two-dimensional data analysis. Numerical data on e-commerce in EU countries was used to illustrate this application.


This article deals with the calculations of the temperature jump at the wall for gas flows in the slip regime. The analytical calculations are based on kinetic boundary conditions developed especially for polyatomic molecules. When compared to an expression previously obtained for unstructured molecules, the polyatomic molecule temperature jump reveals supplementary terms of bulk viscosity type due to the internal mode excitation. These terms may be important in high speed flows or in gas flows displaying significant relative density variation at the wall.


Electra verticillata was original described by Ellis and Solander ((1786) The natural history of many curious and uncommon zoophytes collected from various parts of the globe by the late John Ellis, systematically arranged and described by the late D. Solander, London), and since then the species status of this bryozoan has been in dispute. Many bryozoologists considered E. verticillata as one variety of colony morphology of Electra pilosa (Linnaeus 1767). To test the species status of E. verticillata, we analysed DNA sequences from material from the Bay of Douarnenez (near Morgat, France), together with sequences from E. pilosa, E. posidoniae, E. scuticifera, E. indica, and Electra omanensis. Phylogenetic analyses based on fragments of the 18S, 16S and 12S ribosomal RNA genes confirmed the status of E. verticillata as a separate species. We also examined the morphology of specimens of E. pilosa and E. verticillata in various institutions as well as in own collections. This study revealed morphological and ecological differences between these two species and clarified the geographical distribution of E. verticillata.


Under the non-disassemble condition,the traditional method of fault diagnosis of gearbox relies on the experience of experts.Due to its complex,therefore the experience of expert can not solve all diagnosis problems.This article applies the Elman neural network to carry on the failure diagnosis to the gearbox.The experiment indicates that the method is practical.


The synthesis, docking study, and investigation of the anticancer activities of some coumarin derivatives containing the triazole ring are reported in this study. The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro anticancer activity against the cell lines CRL5807 (human bronchioalveolar carcinoma), CRL5826 (human squamous cell carcinoma), MDA‐MB231 (human breast cancer cells), HTB177 (human lung cancer), PC‐3 (human prostate adenocarcinoma), PANC‐1 (human pancreatic cancer cells), used as cancer cells, and CCD34Lu (normal human lung fibroblasts), used as a healthy cell line. Cytotoxicity effects of the samples were determined by the MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide) assay. In silico studies were also performed to explore the binding interactions of the molecules.


This essay is devoted to describe the Spanish political debate during the first democratic legislation on the european integration process. In particular it analyses the debate held in the low Chamber, the several reports delivered by the Foreign Affairs Commission and the General Parliamentary Debate. It describes the position mantained by UCD, AP, PCE, PSOE and the major regional party PNV and CiU.


The paper is aimed to establish a feedback controller design procedure for a relatively general type of 2-D (2-dimensional) discrete control systems be asymptotically stable. To achieve this purpose, the system represented by the system of partial difference equations is handled on the grounds of the Lagrange method. Briefly, the controllers are required to diagonalize the matrices of the set of partial difference equations describing the resulting feedback control system. The results are gathered in a controller design algorithm. Finally, a numerical example is given to show the mechanics of the controller design procedure.


It is a time-consuming, strenuous and fallible routine task for a network center to assort and sum up the network flow fee by users and to send the results to users by e-mail. This article introduces a method for designing and implementing network-charging software by using VB6.0. The related programming techniques include: designing the database structure; adding records to database, querying database and creating the results by using ADO (Active X Data Object); sending e-main by using MAPI controls (MAPISession and MAPIMessages); and accessing data by using system registry etc.


Objectives:  describing the frequency and etiology of genital tract infections in two selected groups of women. Methodology : this was a cross-sectional study which included females having symptoms of vaginal discharge or itching who consulted during 2007-2008 at three sites in Bogota, Colombia. They were aged 14 to 49. The following exclusion criteria were used: females having severe medical conditions, a history of hysterectomy, being pregnant, presenting menstrual discharge, having no history of sexual activity or those who reported having received antibiotic therapy during the previous 14 days. Sequential sampling. Syndromic diagnosis was stablished according to the World Health Organization guidelines. Definitive diagnosis was made by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) for  C. trachomatis , culturing for  N. gonorrhoeae  and  Candida , treponemal tests for syphilis, direct exam for  Trichomonas vaginalis , nugent's test for bacterial vaginosis and serological detection for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Sensitivity and specificity of the rapid diagnostic tests used were determined against the "gold standard" diagnostic test for each infection. Results : one hundred and thirty-one females were included. Bacterial vaginosis was present in 46% of the patients, followed by candidiasis in 16%. Syphilis was the most frequently diagnosed sexually-transmitted infection in 7% of cases and  C. trachomatis  in 6%.  Trichomonas vaginalis  was observed in two patients but no cases of  N. gonorrhoeae  were identified. The most frequent syndromic diagnosis was vaginitis. The rapid diagnostic tests had close to 100% specificity; sensitivity varied from 90% for syphilis, to 81% for bacterial vaginosis and 60% for  Candida . The frequency of positive cases for  Chlamydia  and  gonorrhoeae  was too low to assess the rapid tests' diagnostic precision. Conclusions : genital tract infections in the symptomatic women studied here were mainly endogenous. The overall frequency of sexually transmitted infection in these selected populations was 16%. Rapid diagnostic tests may be used at the point-of-care. Additional research is urgently needed; a larger sample should be used for accurately assessing rapid tests' diagnostic precision.


The utility model relates to the field of interior decoration of automobiles, in particular to an interior decorative composite board for an automobile ceiling. The air-permeable sound and heat insulation interior decorative composite board for the automobile ceiling comprises a middle foamed layer, wherein the upper surface of the middle foamed layer is compounded with an upper surface layer with through holes, and the lower surface of the middle foamed layer is compounded with a lower surface layer with through holes. The interior decorative composite board for the automobile ceiling has three compounded layers, wherein both the upper and lower surface layers have the through holes, and are compounded with the middle foamed layer respectively, so that the composite board has better sound and heat insulation effects compared with the board with the middle foamed layer in the prior art.


As an introduction to the problems in the industrial production of heavy water, the industrial plants in operation are briefly described, and the causes determining their evolution are discussed. The industrial methods studied in England, France, Germandy, Sweden, Switzerland, India, Egypt, Japan, and O.E.C.E. for the production of D/sub 2/O are summarized. The market for heavy water is discussed. The factors considered in the selection of the production process to be developed for Argentina are given, and the cost of a H/sub 2/S-- H/sub 2/O exchange installation is determined. The cost of such a plant modified for Argentine needs is then analyzed. It is concluded that the combination of the H/ sub 2/SH/sub 2/O process in a single unit with integral energy supply, coupled with the elimination of auxiliary installations, results in a considerable reduction in operation costs and plant investment, as compared with the cost of the process in the U.S. The plandt construction plan is summarized. (J.S.R.)


In recent years, a new type of electromagnetic surface, called an electromagnetic gradient surface (EGS), has been developed that is characterised by having electromagnetic gradient. Although it is geometrically flat, it reflects electromagnetic waves towards a steered angle. Unlike existing surfaces with homogeneity in reflection phase, this surface allows a reflection phase to be linear along the surface. Based on a fundamental theory of the EGS, reflection properties for oblique incidence are investigated in this work. To accurately predict the reflection properties of the surface, the wave vector approach, Huygens' approximation and a plane wave model are used with exploring phenomena of the reflected wave. For electromagnetic waves obliquely impinging on the surface, the relation between incident and reflection angles are presented and then experimentally verified.


The study investigated implications of innovative Chemistry teaching on students' achievement in chemistry. Senior Secondary I (SS1) Chemistry students in Uyo Municipality of Akwa Ibom State constituted the population of about 2,109 for the study. One hundred students who formed the sample for the study were randomly selected. 2 out of 4 public secondary schools were randomly selected for the study. Two hypotheses guided the study. Chemistry Achievement Test (CAT) was the instrument used to gather data. CAT had a reliability coefficient of 0.91. Data collected were analysed using t-test, Mean and Standard Deviation. Results showed that there was a significant influence in academic achievement between the students utilizing ICT gadgets and those that did not utilize ICT gadgets. There was gender related differences in students' achievement in ICT utilization with females out performing their male counterparts. The study therefore recommended among others that students be properly positioned to effectively utilize ICT gadgets in chemistry learning experiences to meet with changing global trends. A new culture of education is emerging with an increase in the development of new information communication technology. Many educational institutions the world over are using modern available resources to enhance teaching and learning. Utilizing information and communication technologies in chemistry teaching will enhance the achievement of the Nigeria's philosophy of education that stipulates as one of its aims; the development of learners into sound and effective citizens having equal access to educational opportunities (NPE, 2004). ICT is bringing about attitudinal change and is significantly influencing the way we learn, think, communicate and to a large extent the way economics and educational activities are carried on in the production of goods and services. It is the gateway to skill acquisition and knowledge-based learning. Improving the quality of education and training is a critical issue, particularly at a time of educational expansion. ICTs can enhance the quality of education by increasing learner motivation and engagement, by facilitating the acquisition of basic skills, and enhancing teacher training (Haddad and Jurich, 2002). Information and communication technology (ICT) utilization in chemistry can be understood as the application of digital gadgets into all aspect of teaching and learning as it affects the attainment of its educational objectives. ICT is described as the combination of technologies for collecting, sorting, processing, communicating and delivering of information related to teaching and learning activities (Onwumere, 2010). Its utilization in all concepts of chemistry teaching and learning will facilitate the achievement of national goals and objectives. The National Policy for Information Technology (2001) describe ICT as any equipment that is used in the acquisition, storage, manipulation, management, control, display, switching on and off and transmission of information. Chukwuemeka and Agreen (2009) conceptualized ICT as communication in whatever forms that are used, assessed, relayed and transmitted to communicate, send and receive information. ICTs are transformational tools, which when appropriately applied can promote the shift to a learner-knowledge-based centred environment. The effective application and utilization of ICT devices/gadgets, promote students' activities, increase knowledge bank that enhances clear consumption of chemistry concepts. Effective utilization of ICT Academic Excellence devices influences learners' behaviours through interactive activities such submission of assignments, solving questions and quizzes together with these gadgets within and outside the classroom. Learners learn through activities. It is therefore imperative that the curriculum provide a holistic coverage and application of concepts of chemistry using different ICT devices. ICT utilization has been identified as a major means through which teaching and learning activities could be promoted, encouraged and facilitated (Akinola, 2010) if they are properly utilized in chemistry instructional processes. ICT utilization provides opportunities for learners to be actively engaged on practical-based activities which promote meaningful learning outcomes. The utilization of various devices of ICTs promote knowledge – based skills, builds new knowledge for creating and improving new ideas which are supported by using different collaborative technologies. Etiubon, (2010) and Gibson (2001) opined that ICT utilization engage and stimulate learners interest in learning activities that challenge them to build new knowledge like creating and improving ideas. ICT equips the learner with capabilities like understanding, skills acquisition and attitudes to maximally utilize ICT for improvement of learning and life in the society. ICT utilization is genderinvolving and user friendly. There are different views on sex differences and intellectual abilities. While some researches agree that sex differences have a significant influence on academic performance, others disagree. Gender issue is occurring in every facet of life and it is an emerging global issue that influences education. Without careful deliberation, introduction of ICTs in education can result to marginalization of those already disadvantaged. Teandon (1998) observed that females have less access to ICTs and fewer opportunities for ICT-related training compared to men because of illiteracy, lack of time, lack of mobility and poverty. Boys are more likely than girls to have access to computers in schools and at home. Not surprisingly, boys tend to enjoy working with computers more than girls (Mark, 2002). Girls also need to have female role models to inspire them to participate in technology-related activities (Haddad and Jurich, 2002). Okoro & Ononugbo (2010) opined that both male and female students have access to ICT gadgets and that barriers to learning are resolvable through the use of ICTs. Unfortunately, ICT utilization in the teaching of chemistry concepts in senior secondary schools in Nigeria is stale and low. This is so because major constraints militate against access and use of ICTs. These include; operational challenges, teachers' level of resistance to change, knowledge of relevant use of devices of ICTs, learning supports such as well-equipped school laboratory for ICT application and utilization, complaints of lack of time, insufficient/lack of computers for students' practice in relevant subject areas. A number of factors could be attributable to students' underachievement in chemistry. These factors include in adequate exposure to instructional resources, insufficient facilities of ICT equipment in studios/laboratories, large and difficult-to-breakdown concept contents, students' interest and attitude on the subject, large class size without adequate instructional materials and facilities, classroom space, poor classroom environment, teachers' teaching methods. It has been observed that many Nigerian Secondary school teachers are still unable to use ICTs in their science teaching classes (Ololube, 2006) and so the desired impact of ICT utilization is not observed in learners. This may be due to the fact that Nigeria is coming late into ICT use as Nigerian teachers are still largely unprepared for ICT utilization for classroom activities and this has largely influenced the slow-pace of students skill utilization of ICTs gadgets. There is also a growing concern on shortage of qualified teachers competent on ICT utilization with large students' enrolment and inadequate learning space. Majority of teachers teaching chemistry cannot operate the computer; let alone use available information from the internet and as such these teachers are operating within a very limited source of information. Offorma (2006) buttressed this point, that inability of teachers to apply basic Implications of Innovative Chemistry Teaching... information technology tools would render education dysfunctional in international settings. This makes it difficult for teachers and learners to come into the mainstream of aligning ICT devises for appropriate utilization to meet worldwide benchmark for classroom chemistry activities. Chemistry teachers must be well groomed to be able to use effective instructional resources like ICT devices, methods, and techniques that meet educational and instructional challenges as no educational system can rise above the quality of its teachers. Students of chemistry are expected to develop skills in the use of ICT devices for carrying out various activities on the internet such as browsing for wider knowledge on difficult concepts in chemistry; sending-emails to friends for collaborative/interactive studies which can help them to update information on new discoveries on concepts, practical and theoretical aspects of different requirement of subject content areas of chemistry. Chemistry students are observed as not acquiring the needed skills on ICT utilization as expected (Katcha, 2010). ICT utilization is fairly new among senior chemistry students. Its effectiveness in secondary school students' achievement therefore requires urgent attention as there is need to make room for different creative and stimulating pedagogical approaches to improve students' performance. Students need to acquire enabling and relevant skills to effectively utilize ICT gadgets. This paper investigates the influence of ICT utilization in the learning of different chemistry concepts. It involved the use of ICT gadgets such as power-point, computer, flash drive, camera snaps, CD/DVD, and cell-phones for internet browsing. Chemistry concepts of SS1 science curriculum content taught were Acid and Bases, Periodic Table, Nature of Matter and Separation Techniques. Purpose of the Study The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of ICT on students'


For autonomous navigation of an unmanned vehicle on a rough terrain such as the surface of Mars, two elevation maps are available: a gross terrain map from aerial surveying or satellite observations, and a local measurement map observed with sensors onboard the vehicle. One can estimate from the gross map the skyline and the visible region of the terrain. It also provides information of what the vehicle's sensors can not see. However, the sensory measurements yield fine details of the terrain, such as obstacles, in-path and cross-path slopes. The skylines can also be estimated from these measurements. Both maps are used for path selection purposes, to provide it a wider supply of information than is available from either map by itself. The advantages of this are: (1) The "unseen" terrain features on the back of the hills, though only grossly estimated, are provided and can be taken into account by the path selection process. (2) The features "seen" by local measurements provide obstacle avoidance and are given primary consideration in the path selection process. The location of the autonomous vehicle on the gross map is to be estimated by employing the skylines as reference space curves. As the vehicle changes its location on the gross map, different skylines are estimated and are used in the stochastic matching of the two maps.


Smart building gate security control system using smartphone integrated with near field communication (NFC) has become part of daily life usage these days. The technology change in replacing RF NFC device using visible light communication technology based approach growing faster in recent days. This paper propose a design and development of gate security control system using color code based user authentication ID generation as part of an intelligent access control system to control automatic door open and close. In this approach gate security access control use the recent visible light communication technology trends to transfer the user specific authentication code to door access control system using color code on smartphone screen. Using a camera in the door access control system (ACS), color codes on smartphone screens are detected and matched to the database of authenticated user to open the door automatically in gate security system. We measure the visual light communication technology efficiency as a part of the research and the experiments have revealed that more than 95% users authenticated correctly at the suggested experiment environment on gate security control system.


Precision analyses of timber treated with preservative are an important part of quality control in the New Zealand timber preservation industry. Determinations of Cu, Cr and As remain important criteria in this industry. Repeatability and reproducibility values for two interlaboratory trials are calculated. The repeatability for the Rotorua interlaboratory trial ranged from 0.0109 to 0.0497% for Cu, 0.0190 to 0.600% for Cr and 0.0121 to 0.0346% for As, while reproducibility values ranged from 0.0121 to 0.0663% for Cu, 0.0389 to 0.1951% for Cr and 0.0342 to 0.1298% for As. The Queensland interlaboratory trial also produced repeatability and reproducibility values similar to those for the Rotorua trial. Significant differences between laboratories were found for the determination of Cu, Cr and As. Overall, the data from both interlaboratory trials were similar. Increased awareness of quality assurance programmes is seen as essential to improve the performance of laboratories involved in the timber preservation industry.


small bowel volvulus is a clinical condition in which there is a torsion of all or a large segment of the small bowel mesentery in the absence of congenital malrotation or bands or postoperative adhesions. This entity occurs only rarely among the populace of the United States and Europe, but is one of the more common surgical problems encountered among patients in certain African, Asian, and Middle Eastern nations. The etiologic mech¬ anisms that favor the development of primary small bowel volvulus have not been fully defined. Although numerous possibilities have been observed and reported, a few common factors consistently emerge. Virtually all of the documentation demonstrates that the patients with this condition have an exceptionally long small bowel mesen¬ tery and a dietary practice of consuming a coarse, highfiber vegetable diet. The mortality associated with primary small bowel volvulus has been reported to range between 10% and 67%.'-2 The purpose of this report is to present the results of an experience that emphasizes important aspects of two key issues: cause and survival. The striking increase in the frequency of primary small bowel volvulus during periods in which the entire population of the region eats only one large meal a day provides the most definite correlation yet available of the etiologic role of diet. Through the strict application of current principles of fluid and electrolyte


The clinical and pathological findings including light microscopic and ultrastructural features of two cases of borderline mucinous and serous cystadenomas that originated in the broad ligament are reported. The tumors did not involve the oviduct or ovary. They probably arose in pre‐existing cysts of mesothelial and para‐mesonephric (primary Mullerian) origin. These rare tumors bear a close resemblance to the borderline epithelial tumors of the ovary and the same prognostic criteria may be applicable to the lesions presented here.


uthors, directly taking an infinite network as gel model, using Graph Theory and Probability as describing tool, first of all, advanced a new theory about predicting the gel point Pc. The critical state equations of the gelation of three kinds non-linear condensation polymerization are respectively The Pc obtained by above equations lies between Carothers equahons and Statistical theory, are in good agreement with experimental- results.


Objective To discuss the value of pulmonary perfusion imaging and plasma lipoprotein a(Lpa) in early diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Methods 30 rabbits were randomly divided into control and PTE groups,15 rabbits each,through the jugular vein injection of autologous blood clots,establishing rabbit model of acute PTE,respectively,at different times before and after embolization Lpa blood test and embolization across perfusion lung scanning,while making anatomic and pathologic study of thrombosis and its distribution following PTE. Results The anatomy of the lungs in PTE groups were seen to have pulmonary embolism.The positive diagnostic rate of lung infusion imaging came to 72.96%.Lpa at 24th hour after embolization began to increase,compared with the control group,were significantly different(P0.05).Perfusion lung scanning rate of positive diagnosis reached 86%. Conclusion The perfusion lung scanning combining LPa on the importance of early diagnosis of pulmonary embolism can be used as detection means in early diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.


This study aims to identify the demographic factors affecting Chinese music teachers' attitudes toward world music teaching in China. Through electronic questionnaires issued online, a total of 1,368 participants completed A Survey of Music Teachers' Attitudes Toward World Music Teaching, which includes demographic information and twenty Likert-type items. The results showed that two independent variables of "gender" and "whether teachers had received training in world music after entry" did not influence Chinese music teachers' attitudes and practices in world music teaching. Furthermore, it could be speculated that the teachers, especially those who were 20-34 years old with a master's degree/Ph.D. and 1-10 years of teaching experience, as well as good at Western instruments, studied world music courses, graduated from a comprehensive university, and with teaching places located in the provincial capital cities, leaned more toward ethnomusicological and multicultural consciousness in world music teaching.


It is supposed that both sides of the interval are singular and consider the connection equations associated with the Weyl functions of the Sturm-Liouville equation-(py′)′+qy=λy with the differentinitial condition.Besides,the continuty and the derivative of the Weyl functions are considered.


Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders and affects closely 50 million people worldwide. The unpredictability of seizures onset is a main agony for all patients who has epilepsy. In this article, a new seizure prediction method based on chaos theory and nonlinear dynamics are used to make a return map based on zero crossing to find the Preictal stage before Ictal stage in electroencephalographic (EEG) signal in order to seizure onset prediction. Our index is calculated for sliding windows and compared with adaptive threshold. Lastly our average prediction time is about 20±5 minutes with 86.6 % in sensitivity and 0.067 in FPR.


AFTE R nuclear maturation the eggs of Psammechinus (Ps.) miliaris are still 'underripe' with respect to their cytoplasm. This phenomenon is particularly conspicuous in Ps. miliaris from the Swedish west coast (see, for a summary, Runnstrom, 1949). In the small individuals of Ps. miliaris dredged from a depth of 30-40 metres this state of underripeness may last for months, so that full cytoplasmic maturity may be reached only in the latter half of August (Lindahl & Runnstrom, 1929). The littoral form of Ps. miliaris, on the other hand, has already attained cytoplasmic maturity in the latter half of June. Temperature conditions evidently play a decisive role in the phenomenon. The swelling of the jelly coat surrounding the egg certainly plays an important role in the process of 'cytoplasmic' maturation. Removal of the jelly coat sometimes improves fertilization, but not always. This latter fact proves that


The appearance of the knowledge economy impelled the production of know ledge management, at the same time, the popularization and application of a larg e number of advanced information technologies offered the material guarantee for knowledge management. This article explained the background, concept and functi on of knowledge management;introduced the structure and function of knowledge ba se systems, and the overview study both at home and abroad;Discussed the necessi ty and importance of launching knowledge management and building knowledge base systems in the field of agriculture.


Rechargeable potassium metal batteries are promising energy storage devices with potentially high energy density and markedly low cost. However, eliminating dendrite growth and achieving a stable electrode/electrolyte interface are the key challenges to tackle. Herein, a novel "quasi‐liquid" potassium‐sodium alloy (KNA) anode comprising only 3.5 wt% sodium (KNA‐3.5) is reported, which exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance able to be reversibly cycled at 4 mA cm–2 for 2000 h. Moreover, it is demonstrated that adding a small amount of sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6) into the potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide electrolyte allows for the formation of the "quasi‐liquid" KNA on electrode surface. Comprehensive experimental studies reveal the formation of an unusual metastable KNa2 phase during plating, which is believed to facilitate simultaneous nucleation and suppress the growth of dendrites, thereby improving the electrode's cycle lifetime. The "quasi‐liquid" KNA‐3.5 anode demonstrates markedly enhanced electrochemical performance in a full cell when pairing with Prussian blue analogs or sodium rhodizonate dibasic as the cathode material, compared to the pristine potassium anode. Importantly, unlike the liquid KNA reported before, the "quasi‐liquid" KNA‐3.5 exhibits good processability and can be readily shaped into sheet electrodes, showing substantial promise as a dendrite‐free anode in rechargeable potassium metal batteries.


Orf or Ecthyma contagiosum is a zoonotic disease that is the result of a dermatophitic parapox virus infecting goats and sheep. The virus is transmitted to humans through contact with infected animals or fomites. Here in this paper, we reported eight patients infected with orf viruses and also tried to provide a relatively complete data of this disorder by reviewing of the literatures. Worthknowing about the disease may occur at any location, so all clinicians and researchers need to have this disease in mind as a differential diagnosis in patients who has a history of working with animals.


put on a splint. The ulcerated areas in the nose were treated by packing with gauze, which was kept constantly moistened with a solution of peroxide of hydrogen 10 vols. At the same time she was given 30 gr. of sodium iodide per diem in divided doses. The tampons soaked with the peroxide were kept constantly in position, except when the patient was asleep. Finding so much improvement of the intra-nasal condition in this as in numerous other cases treated by the Pfannenstill method, the exhibitor had the ulcerated areas upon the forearm and wrist dressed in similar fashion, with great benefit. The case was specially shown to illustrate the value of the method, particularly in the treatment of ulcerative lupus of the cavities. The patient has borne the iodide very well, and to make sure that the condition was not complicated by congenital syphilis a Wassermann reaction was done, with negative result. The patient has put on 7 lb. while in hospital, and her general health has improved greatly.


Abstract It is shown that the use of various schemes of friction welding with mixing allows to obtain defect-free compounds. At the same time, the joint strength coefficient for the aluminum alloy 1565CHM decreases when switching from a one-sided STP to a STP with a bobbin tool from 0.97—0.99 to 0.90—0.95. For the dispersed-hardened composite material 1565CHM + 20% SiC, the joint strength coefficient is practically independent of the applied technological scheme and is at the level of 0.76—0.83. The average grain size in the seam core of the welded plates of the alloy 1565CHM by one-sided friction welding with mixing is 4.9 ± 1.8 microns. With double-sided STP of 1565CHM alloy plates, the average size in the seam core increases insignificantly to 6.3 ± 1.6 microns. In the case of STP with a bobbin tool, the largest grains in the metal of the seam core with a value of 11.5 ± 1.4 microns are observed.


ABSTRACT Electrostatic discharge is a vexing problem in liquid crystal display device, which can cause abnormal display. Conventional solutions for liquid crystal doped with antistatic agent usually introduce additional impurity ions and increases the power consumption of liquid crystal display device. In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotube doped liquid crystal cells without obvious clusters are successfully fabricated. Comparing the electro-optic properties of undoped and doped cells, it is verified that doping does not negatively affect the liquid crystal cells with E7 host by measuring basic parameters such as relative permittivity, threshold voltage and response time. The liquid crystal cells are then tested using an electrostatic discharge generator to simulate the human-machine air discharge that occurs during actual operation. The immunity of the doped versus undoped cells is quantitatively compared in terms of the duration of so-called image sticking, it is found that the electrostatic discharge immunity of cell has a significant relationship with electrical conductivity. In addition, the relationship between the conductivity and relaxation time of image sticking is obtained by theory. It is determined that doping carbon nanotubes into E7 can effectively improve the electrostatic discharge immunity of liquid crystal display device without negatively affecting practical application. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


the problem of identification of controller parameters for DC motor has been considered here. Open loop system has been used for Cohen and Coon Method. The proportional, integral and derivative gains are obtained from the process reaction curve. The loop is then closed. Damped Oscillation of Ziegler-Nichols Method is used. This curve, gives the integral and derivative gain from the period of oscillation. The ISE, IAE and IATE are used as fitness function in Particle Swarm Optimization. Then proportional, integral and derivative gains are found out through number of iterations. At last the outputs of three methods are compared.


The origin of Dalit assertion and politics has a long tradition. The main objective of Dalit assertion and politics was to transform the age-old caste-based hierarchical structure of Indian society based on liberty, equality, fraternity and social justice as envisaged by Dr B. R. Ambedkar. During this long period, the nature of Dalit politics has varied from issue to issue and from context to context. During the seven and half decades of our independence, we have witnessed a massive change, like politics in general and Dalit politics in particular. Up to 1980, we have seen a comprehensive Dalit movement in different parts of India. After that time, it is tough to organize such comprehensive politics, especially in the urban centres. Due to selfishness, personal greed for power and other gains of Dalit leaders and activists, Dalit politics become much more fragmented, localized and depoliticized. Not only that, but identity politics also divided the Dalits into different caste and sub-caste groups. Due to these reasons, it is hard to make grand solidarity in politics among different Dalit castes and other weaker sections of Indian society. We have recently seen a new swing in Dalit politics that is very aware, assertive, organized, well-connected, inclusive and beyond party politics. In this study, the author wants to draw a brief sketch of the history of Dalit politics. Further, he wants to explore the changing nature of Dalit politics. In this context, he has tried to discuss the impact of the depoliticization of Dalit politics by the Dalit leaders and the caste identity politics within Dalit caste groups in forming grand solidarity in Dalit politics in India.


The article is an original study of the essence of banking innovations and their role in ensuring sustainable development of a commercial bank. The authors make definitive analysis of the term 'innovation' in research works of domestic and foreign authors, reveal their key feature, namely, the novelty that carries energy necessary for sustainable development of economy and a commercial bank. From the point of view of the synergetic approach and using the principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, scenario development of an open economic system is considered, a commercial bank being a special case of it; schemes to illustrate it are provided. The analysis made by the authors allows for a conclusion that it is possible to ensure a stable development of a credit institution only if there is a permanent inflow of external energy that compensates for energy losses due to entropic dispersion and a negative influence of internal and external factors thereon. Systemic innovation activity come laden with this energy, which leads to the conclusion that it is innovations that are the main factor ensuring a sustainable development of a commercial bank. A classification of banking innovations into basic (radical), combinatorial, and modifying ones is given.


In recent years, the economic development trend in Russia and other countries has been based on the cluster approach. Increasing competitiveness through the use of the cluster mechanism is an effective means of developing industrial production, where the main goal of any enterprise is to obtain maximum profit. For a good and successful confrontation in the conditions of market competition, Russia needs to create large industrial corporations - centers, conduct integration processes and form large regional clusters. The formation of large regional engineering clusters within the subjects of the Russian Federation will ensure the inflow of investment from outside, and will create conditions for competitive advantage for large, small and medium-sized businesses in general. Therefore, we can conclude that the development of the tasks presented in the research, which identified the main ways of cluster development based on the creation of a regional industrial engineering cluster, is relevant, and has novelty and practical significance.


D espite the availability of efficacious antipsychotic drugs, the pharmacological management of schizophrenia remains a challenge, and it largely follows a trial-anderror paradigm. With notoriously high rates of poor antipsychotic drug adherence and limited means to detect it, prescribers are often uncertain whether a lack of treatment response is due to poor adherence or true lack of effect, which in turn may simply be a reflection of insufficient plasma concentration of the drug. Moreover, when encountering a patient with intolerable side effects, prescribers do not know whether to switch to another drug or merely reduce the dose. This uncertainty results in unnecessarily high rates of unwarranted treatment changes and antipsychotic polypharmacy, loss of adherence and disease control, and ultimately poor patient and societal outcomes. In this Perspective, we argue that point-of-care information on antipsychotic plasma levels —the amount of drug circulating in the patient's blood— will result in better patient care, which should lead to better health and better value for the health care system. While tests for antipsychotic plasma levels have long been available through specialized labs, they are not routinely used, in part because of delays in obtaining results. Access to information on antipsychotic plasma levels at the point of care would facilitate better use of currently available drugs and reduce the uncertainty associated with the management of complicated presentations by providing prescribers with a tool to "personalize" treatment to patients' characteristics, including responsiveness to specific medications, metabolism, and adherence behavior.


Unbiased analysis of CLL genomes using intermediate resolution SNP arrays has identified subtypes of del13q14, del17p and del11q as well as high genomic complexity CLL. Additional information on genomic aberrations and polymorphic copy number variants (CNVs) in CLL may be obtained through application of the latest generation ultra-high-density SNP array technology to CLL genome analysis. We have analyzed 50 paired DNA samples (sorted CD19+ cells versus sorted CD3+ cells) from CLL patients with del13q14 type I and del17p on the Affymetrix SNP 6.0 array platform that were previously analyzed on Affy 50K arrays. We have catalogued all somatically acquired lesions as well as all CNVs. In support of data analysis we have refined the software tools PLUT, LOH tool version 2 and dChipSNP.

Results: In this cohort of 50 CLL cases in which we had previously identified a total of 98 subchromosomal losses and gains using the 50K SNP array platform, we have now identified 141 such lesions using the SNP 6.0 arrays. Of these CLL cases, 68% had identical lesion calls, 30% of cases displayed more lesions on the 6.0 arrays than on the 50K arrays and only one case had one lesion not identified using the SNP 6.0 array platform. Thus SNP 6.0 arrays allowed for significantly improved short lesion detection, detection of CNVs and improved measurements of genomic complexity in CLL. The breaks of del13q14 type I and del17p lesions were mapped with unprecedented resolution and in some cases have been localized to genomic regions less than 1 kb in length, thus allowing for PCR-based cloning of breaks. CNVs were identified throughout the genome, and were found in combination with monoallelic, somatically acquired genomic lesions (del17p, del13q14 and others) spanning such CNVs, resulting in patchy biallelic (homozogous) genomic losses within these lesions. Such a mechanism of biallelic gene loss (CNV plus paired, somatically acquired subchromosomal gene loss), occurs in otherwise monoallelic deletions and may contribute to the biology of monoallelic lesions in many cancers. As one example, CNVs were identified in CD3+ DNA from CLL patients that are located at approximately 49.448–49.508 Mb physical position on chromosome 13 that converted to homozygous loss in patients with monoallelic del13q14. These CNVs encompassed parts of DLEU2 , TRIM13 and KCNRG but did not include the del13q14 resident miR cluster (miR15a/16-1). Such CNVs within del13q14 may have a role in the biology of CLL as they may result in gene expression changes that mimic somatically acquired del13q14 lesions.


The enduring nature of the economic crisis in Greece has already been linked to adverse health effects (1). Congruent with this, previous work from our research team has shown a gradual increase in the prevalence of major depression and suicidality in the country during the period 2008-2011 (2–4).


This paper presents an optimal load sharing strategy between several generation units in a stand-alone MicroGrid in order to have minimum power loss in the system and with consideration of normal buses voltage and rating of generation units. Simulation results in a typical distribution system show that the proposed method can meet the requirement of the system and DG units rating in standalone operations. In this way the system is managed in an optimal and reliable situation that guarantee continuity of power to loads in stand-alone mode of a MicroGrid.


Introduction "Social justice" and "structural change" which are central concerns for social justice philanthropy are contested concepts with multiple definitions and meanings. The result is that the range of issues which are be the object of social justice philanthropy is broad and the methods for attaining social justice through structural change are varied. The multiplicity of issues are linked to the different understandings of what constitutes structural change and therefore the issues that need to be addressed to bring this about and the variety of ways in which the issues could be tackled. The focus of my discussion about the challenges of social justice philanthropy in Africa is located around a notion of social justice and structural change in respect of the political economy of Africa in the context corporate led globalization and the nature of the continent's subordinate location in the global order. In TWN-Africa we summarise our programme mission as:"working for social and economic equity in Africa and equity for Africa in the global order". "Structural transformation" is one of our central concept but in respect of the continent's raw material commodity export dependence which we see as a key factor in many of the economic, social and political issues in which social injustice in Africa are rooted, even as we recognise that not all the issues of social injustice that we are concerned about derive from this.


Presented here is the second of a two-part investigation, designed to systematically identify and investigate the parameters affecting the evaporation from and boiling within, thin capillary wicking structures with a range of volumetric porosities and mesh sizes. The experimental studies were investigated under steady-state conditions at atmospheric pressure. Part I of the investigation described the wicking fabrication process and experimental test facility, and focused on the effects of the capillary wick thickness (ASME J. Heat Transfer, 128, pp. 1312-1319). In Part II, we examine the effects of variations in the volumetric porosity and the mesh size. The experimental results presented here indicate that the critical heat flux (CHF) was strongly dependent on both the mesh size and the volumetric porosity; while the evaporation/boiling heat transfer coefficient was significantly affected by mesh size, but not strongly dependent on the volumetric porosity. The experimental results further illustrate that the menisci at the CHF are located in the corners, formed by the wire and the heated wall and between the wires in both the vertical and horizontal directions. The minimum value of these three menisci determined the maximum capillary pressure generated through the capillary wick. The experimental results and observations are systematically presented and analyzed, and the local bubble and liquid vapor interface dynamics are examined theoretically. Based on the relative relationship between the heat flux and superheat, classic nucleate boiling theory, and the visual observations of the phase-change phenomena, as well as by combining the results obtained here with those obtained in Part I of the investigation, the evaporation/boiling heat transfer regimes in these capillary wicking structures are identified and discussed.


Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3 films were grown on ferroelectric substrates of 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.33PbTiO3 by pulsed-laser deposition method. The film structure and lattice change with electric field applied on the substrate are examined by X-ray diffraction. The electric field dependence of resistivity was compared with electric field dependence of lattice at room temperature, revealing a relation between resistance and strain. Current-induced electroresistance (CER) was studied by using different measuring current. With increasing electric filed a colossal decrease of CER at low temperature was achieved, indicating great strain effect. The piezoelectric strain effect on the magnetoelectric coupling at multiferroic interface was discussed.Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3 films were grown on ferroelectric substrates of 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.33PbTiO3 by pulsed-laser deposition method. The film structure and lattice change with electric field applied on the substrate are examined by X-ray diffraction. The electric field dependence of resistivity was compared with electric field dependence of lattice at room temperature, revealing a relation between resistance and strain. Current-induced electroresistance (CER) was studied by using different measuring current. With increasing electric filed a colossal decrease of CER at low temperature was achieved, indicating great strain effect. The piezoelectric strain effect on the magnetoelectric coupling at multiferroic interface was discussed.


In weather forecasting,there are some improper uses of the concept of stratospheric dry air intrusion into troposphere deduced from the isentropic potential vorticity(PV) analyses.This paper reviewed the history of weather forecast from pressure change to vorticity change,and discussed the origin of PV concept.Furthermore,based on the definition,mathematical expression,physical meaning,and computation of PV,this paper showed that PV value is mainly determined by the vertical gradient of potential temperature,and PV distribution reflects tropopause distribution,and thus indirectly reflects the distribution of polar air mass,front,upper-level trough and jet stream.The trajectories and model simulation both show that the PV anomaly in the lower atmosphere is resulting from the strong deepening of surface cyclone and the feedback of latent heat,instead from dry intrusion.This paper also pointed out that the law of PV conservation cannot be used to replace the dynamic mechanism of baroclinic disturbance development. The misuse of PV is from the heuristics of PV conservation and the confusion between trajectories and streamlines used in fluid mechanics.


A ZVS PWM switching power supply is introduced.Its working principle is explained simply.Designing of parameters of its key devices are also discussed,and their testing results is given.


Wall slab model structures with two side opening were constructed and vibration control system such as fluid damper, viscoelastic damper were installed to the models for reducing the floor impact sound without increasing of slab thickness. Moment frame model structure was also constructed to compare how the floor impact sound level is different from the structural types of a apartment house. Experiments of this study were performed in two different boundary condition of wall slab models. In the first one boundary condition, two side opening part were sealed with sandwich panels. This means the side wall do not affect the boundary condition of slab. In the other, two side opening were blocked by 0.5 B brick wall. This is similar to the boundary condition of a real apartment house. The result of this study is summarized. 1) The floor impact sound insulation performance of moment frame structure is better than that of wall slab structure by 5 dB in the first boundary condition. 2) Post tensioning has little improvement in floor impact sound insulation. 3) After blocking the side opening with 0.5 brick wall, impact sound at low frequency range of wall slab structure is higher than that of moment frame structure by 10dB, approximately. 4) H section steel with viscoelastic rubber has lessened the floor impact noise in 50-80 Hz frequency range and Urethane mounting on H section steel has good reduction effect in low frequency range, particularly.


The fourth edition of the World Health Organization classification of tumors of the pituitary gland was promulgated in 2017. The revised classification emphasized the classification of pituitary tumors based on the origin of cell differentiation. The term of atypical pituitary adenoma was no longer recommended, and morphological parameters should be considered as an important prognostic feature in aggressive adenomas. Genetic profile and susceptibility of pituitary tumors were updated. And an additional novel aspect was the definition of some of the nonneuroendocrine tumors. The revised classification will help the pathologists to make better diagnosis, and contribute to improve our understanding of clinical outcomes for those patients. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2018, 34: 623-626)

Key words:
Tumors of the pituitary gland; Pathological classification; Clinical application


[Purposes]This paper aims at exploring the status of Science selection activities,improving the importance of the science and technology communication activities,encouraging the healthy development of our selection activities. [Methods] This paper analyzes 100 scientific breakthroughs in the past ten years in Science. [Findings] Biological breakthroughs have the largest number in the 100 scientific breakthroughs. Physics,astronomy is next. Computer and information technology have great prospect.Mathematics study is difficult to have a breakthrough. And by the selection activities,Scienceobtain benefits and Its w eaknesses come out gradually. [Conclusions] Our research abilities should be strengthened,the international cooperation looks like the coming trend。The mainstream media in our country need to reject the dross and assimilate the essence of foreign selection activities.


This article provides a detailed analysis of transients observed in impedance angle plane $(\theta-\mathrm{d} \theta / \mathrm{dt})$ with respect to time (t) thus providing a spatial understanding during faults and power swing. Transients during power swing are of very low frequency while the transients due to faults are of high frequency. The locus of impedance angle was observed in transmission lines during power swing for different intensities of disturbances, different power factors and different swinging frequencies in the presence of faults. The observed difference in transients during faults and power swing becomes the basis for demarcating faults and power swing in the impedance angle plane.


Network-on-chip (NoC) has been the standard fabric for multi-core architectures. With the increase in cores in the multi-core architectures, the probability of congestion increases because of longer path among sources and destinations in the NoC and because of the presence of multiple applications in a chip. Congestion hampers system performance because of the delay in packet delivery, which in turn results in reduced effective utilization of resources and reduced throughout. Higher congestion also results in higher energy consumption in NoC as packets spend more time in the network. Reactive detection and/or a single fixed routing algorithm are not effective to prevent congestion from happening for different traffic patterns in NoC. Therefore, we propose reinforcement learning based proactive routing technique that selects the best routing algorithm from multiple available routing algorithms using NoC utilization and congestion information to improve communication performance. Simulation results demonstrate latency performance improvement while providing robust NoC performance for different NoC states and traffic demands.


Detecting Instability Genomic instability is most often associated with the malignant progression of cancers, although in some cases, such as p53 deficiency, it can also be involved in the earlier ...


This paper takes the university students of a class as samples, collects students' communication materials by means of questionnaire, statistics, analyzes and compares the communication and interaction in practical and IM environments by means of variables analysis and network analysis, and from the two aspects of individual performance and group relationship. The results show that, in the two environments, students' activity and opinion leader tend to be consistent, and in acquaintance group, IM does not change the consistent model of students' communication.


Hispanics comprise a large proportion of the U. S. population. However, most Hispanic workers are employed in low-wage jobs that lack occupational benefits including health care. As a result of an adverse labor-centered life, the health of many underserved Hispanics is poor; they suffer inequities both in their access to, and the quality of, medical care available to them. These disparities exist on many different levels ranging from the individual level to the level of government policies. This paper reviews and analyzes the barriers and risk factors that affect the health disparities of large portions of the U. S. Hispanic population. These barriers include personal beliefs, affordability of health care, cost of living, low education, limited access to transportation, living in hazardous environments, and nearly inescapable poverty. Realizing that healthcare disparities are a multifaceted issue, the author uses the Social Ecological Model (SEM) of health to understand risk factors to good health and bring attention toward mitigating them. The author also discusses interventions consistent with the components of the Social Ecological Model individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy level, that aim to reduce and ultimately eliminate the inequity in access to quality of health care for underprivileged and underserved Hispanic communities across the United States.


A useful tool for identifying the temporal and spatial ambient wellbore flow relationships near a dynamic river boundary is to monitor ambient vertical wellbore flow with an electromagnetic borehole flowmeter. This is important because the presence of the wellbore can result in significant mixing or exchange of groundwater vertically across the aquifer. Mixing or exchanging groundwater within the well‐screen section can have significant impacts on the distribution of contaminants within the aquifer and adverse effects on the representativeness of groundwater samples collected from the monitoring well. Ambient monitoring data, collected from long screened wells at Hanford's 300‐Area Integrated Field Research Challenge site, located approximately 260 m from the Columbia River, demonstrate that vertical wellbore flow exhibits both a positive and inverse temporal relationship with periodic river‐stage fluctuations that can change over short distances between wells. The spatial distribution of these vertical flows across the well field indicates two general regions of ambient wellbore flow behavior. The western region of the site is characterized by vertical flows that are positively related to river‐stage fluctuations. In contrast, the eastern region of the site exhibits vertical flows that are inversely related to river‐stage fluctuations. The cause of this opposite relationship is not completely understood; however, the positive relationships appear to be associated with high‐energy Hanford formation flood deposits. These flood deposits have a well‐defined northwest‐southeast trend and are believed to coincide with a local paleochannel. The inverse relationships are attributed to an erosional, subsurface high in the Hanford/Ringold Formation contact between the site and the Columbia River. Under these complex hydrogeologic and hydrodynamic conditions, the behavior of ambient vertical wellbore flow in monitoring wells near a dynamic river boundary can have important implications for collecting groundwater‐quality samples, for contributing to contaminant distribution within an aquifer system, and for implementing effective remediation strategies.


The recovery of the memory of extreme situations poses particular challenges to the historian whose resolution demands high imagination. We analyze in this paper the historiography of the Holocaust and the role played by the "voices" of the victims and survivors in the historical narrative. The Holocaust, as well as other extreme experiences, allow us to emphasize the necessity for History to recover the facts of the past as well as its representations. In that way, memory and the personal narratives also become part of the history. Both, the historian's narrative and the memory of the witness are fundamental parts of the historical reconstruction.


Mixture experiments that involve process variables are widely encountered in industry. When some of the process variables are noise variables, interest focuses on finding levels for the mixture components and the controllable process variables that result in a product that has a desirable mean response and that has small variability in the response transmitted from the noise variables. This is a variation of the robust parameter design problem. Choosing an appropriate experimental design for this type of problem is addressed in the paper. We show how designs that have small prediction variance for the mean and the slope variance can be obtained. We also show how designs that are robust to the level of interaction between control and noise variables can be constructed.


In a supersymmetry quantum chromodynamics (with a small Lagrangian mass of the matter) and in an SU(5) theory with two anti-5-plets and two 10-plets (with a small Yukawa constant) there is a spontaneous breaking of color; vector bosons become very heavy; a weak-coupling theory arises; and there is no confinement.