In document clustering methods, the k-means algorithm and the Hierarchical Alglomerative Clustering(HAC) are often used. The k-means algorithm has the advantage of a processing time and HAC has also the advantage of a precision of classification. But both methods have mutual drawbacks, a slow processing time and a low quality of classification for the k-means algorithm and the HAC, respectively. Also both methods have the serious problem which is to compute a document similarity whenever new document is inserted into a cluster. A main property of web resource is to accumulate an information by adding new documents frequently. Therefore, we propose a new method of transitive closure tree based on the HAC method which can improve a processing time for a document clustering, and also propose a superior incremental clustering method for an insertion of a new document and a deletion of a document contained in a cluster. The proposed method is compared with those existing algorithms on the basis of a pre챠sion, a recall, a F-Measure, and a processing time and we present the experimental results.


The thesis deals with lay care. It focuses on care provided in the domestic environment where the role of the care provider is held by family members. The theoretical part defines lay care, devotes attention to care and describes burnout syndrome. The burnout syndrome is designed for the topic of nursing. The practical part describes the results of the qualita-tive survey which aimed at finding and describing how lay carers who were identified as having the burnout syndrome through a standardized questionnaire, subjectively perceive the care of their loved ones. The thesis tries to understand the process of lay care for "burned" people and also to identify possible causes of burnout syndrome from the infor-mation provided. Research is focused on carers who provide care to people who receive a care allowance in the third and fourth degree of dependence.


The article based on an analysis of management processes by industrial organizations proposed direction of the business process reengineering. The author offers a number of cognitive models of business process reengineering, which allow to analyze the influence of various factors in the chains of causality.


Let M be a 2-torsion free prime Γ-ring with involution satisfying the condition that aαbβc = aβbαc (a, b, c ∈ M and α, β ∈ Γ). In this paper we will give the relation between Γ∗-derivation and Jordan Γ∗-derivation. Also we will prove that if d is a non-zero Jordan Γ∗-derivation such that d(xαy) = d(yαx) for all x, y ∈ M and α ∈ Γ, then M is a commutative Γ-ring with involution.


A miniature heater unit suitable for routine collection of X-ray data from single crystals up to 1000°C, with room temperature Weissenberg camera, without any need for water-cooling of the film-cassette is described. The furnace is current-heated and essentially consists of two coaxial platinum wire wound silica tubes, held on a quartz bracket, such that there is a 4 mm X-ray gap between them. The crystal placed at the middle of the gap is heated primarily by the radiant heat from the furnace. The specimen temperature is measured by a built-in Pt/Pt-13% Rh thermocouple previously calibrated in situ against the melting of different substances. The thermal gradient over a crystal, 1 mm long, is around 5°C at 800°C. The furnace has the possibility of use up to 1500°C.


Objective To assess the influence of three different postmenopausal hormone replacement therapies on levels of serum lipids and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)].


Most color-center bands associated with $F$-aggregate centers in alkali halides show relatively strong 0-phonon lines and vibronic structure when observed at low temperature. The vibronic peak energies can in almost all cases be closely correlated on an empirical basis with zone-boundary critical-point energies of normal lattice phonon modes. However, without detailed knowledge of the defect geometries and electronic states involved, it is impossible to predict what the electron-phonon coupling should be. We present the observed vibronic spectrum for all the centers in NaCl which we have found to show fine structure, and discuss the apparent electron-phonon coupling seen. As a first step toward developing models for these centers, we also present results of stress splitting measurements on the 0-phonon lines in each case. The 0-phonon lines we have studied, their band assignments, and their observed symmetry as interpreted in terms of removal of orientational degeneracy, are as follows: 6329 \AA{}, ${R}_{2}$, trigonal; 8375 \AA{}, ${N}_{1}$, monoclinic I; 8681 \AA{}, ${N}_{2}$, monoclinic I; 1.219 \ensuremath{\mu},?, monoclinic I; 1.306 \ensuremath{\mu}, ${M}^{+}$, monoclinic I; 1.404 \ensuremath{\mu}, impurity, rhombic I; 1.549 \ensuremath{\mu},?, rhombic I. In several cases the relative intensities of the line components can be analyzed to give the orientation of the dipole moment involved in the 0-phonon transition. Where it is possible to propose models by combining our stress measurements with the results of other experiments, we do so, with discussion as to the probable merit of each model.


The aim of this work was to study the effects of 500 g kg−1 sucrose diet and of type of food distribution (ad libitum or two meals daily without food restriction) during the last 12 days before slaughter on glycolytic potential (GP, an estimate of resting muscle glycogen content) in pig Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle, and on meat quality traits in muscles LD and Biceps femoris. The pigs used were three-way crossbred ((Yorkshire × Landrace) × Hampshire). Samples of LD were taken intra vitam, immediately before and after treatment, using a biopsy technique. Muscle metabolites, GP and meat quality traits such as pH, internal light scattering or drip loss did not vary significantly between the treatments. A significant decrease in GP was noted after feeding the conventional diet ad libitum. The lack of effect of the sugar diet on muscle glycogen content might be attributed to the overnight fast ( 15 h) preceding the second sampling. It was therefore hypothesised that sugar feeding has no significant long-term effect on muscle glycogen stores. The pigs exhibited a wide individual variability in GP changes during the feeding period. Pigs fed the conventional diet showed a marked trend towards a decreased GP after 12 days. This decrease in GP might be attributed to a sampling date effect, the reasons for which remain unknown.


Addictions constitute one of the main sociosanitary problems worldwide. Their biopsychosocial impact, high prevalence, and complex treatment justify this. Specifically, social media addiction can be a disruptive factor in student life and academic performance. The research conducted aimed to determine the level of social media addiction among students at a National University in Junín. The study was of an exploratory descriptive scope and cross-sectional cut, through the application of a survey to a sample of 185 students. The results showed that the levels of addiction and obsession with social media are high, and the level of lack of personal control is also high, while the level of excessive use is medium. In addition, the study suggested the existence of a positive relationship between obsession and addiction, as well as between perceived lack of personal control and addiction. The findings indicate the need for further deepening the problem, as well as designing and implementing programs for the prevention and treatment of social media addiction.


The traditional religious beliefs of the Sayano-Altai peoples have numerous specific features due to the influence of Buddhism, which spread gradually from India and Tibet to the vast lands of Siberia. What should be classified as traditional religious beliefs of the SayanoAltai peoples? And how should the term "traditional religious beliefs" be understood in general? We classify as traditional religious beliefs of the Sayano-Altai peoples various magical beliefs and rituals, deification of the forces of nature, animal worship, elements of totemism, religious ideas about human birth and death, hunting cults and, in later stages of development, shamanism. Traditional mythological thinking established and sanctified the behavioral norms, life goals, daily routine, predilections, and aspirations of these peoples. Typically, traditional religious beliefs scarcely distinguish the sacred and the secular, governing every aspect of daily existence. The ethnocultural identification of its peoples and the boundaries of this region are important in revealing distinctive features of the traditional beliefs of Sayano-Altai peoples. On the basis of geographic location,


The molecular dynamics of encapsulated cations within perovskite-like coordination polymers [(CH3)3NH][M(N3)3] (M = Mn, Cd) are investigated, which are well controlled by the confined space of a deformable azido framework. The Mn-based compound provides a rare example that features an unvaried/varied rotational energy barrier during its two different structural phase transitions.


In this study, mix proportioning of porous concrete with compressive strength and porosity exceeding 3MPa and 30%, respectively, was examined and then load capacity and flexural toughness of the porous concrete block were evaluated according to the different arrangements of the GFRP bars. To achieve the designed requirements of porous concrete, it can be recommended that water-to-cement ratio and cement-to-coarse aggregate ratio are 25% and 20%, respectively, under the aggregate particle distribution of 15∼20mm. The failure mode of porous concrete blocks reinforced with GFRP bars was governed by shear cracks. As a result, very few flexural resistance of the GFRP was expected. However, the enhanced shear strength of porous concrete due to the dowel action of the GFRP bars increased the load capacity and toughness of the blocks. The porous concrete blocks reinforced with one GFRP bar at each compressive and tensile regions had 2.1 times higher load capacity than the companion non-reinforced block and exhibited a high ductile behavior with the ultimate toughness index (   ) of 43.4.


Upper Cretaceous Maastricht limestone (locally denominated as 'mergel') outcrops in the provinces of Dutch and Belgian Limburg. The Upper Cretaceous in the Netherlands consists of the geological Maastricht Formation and the upper part of the Gulpen Formation. Limestone from the Maastricht Formation represents one of the few native Dutch types of natural stone used for building and construction. Locally, limestone from both formations contains considerable amounts of flint. This flint was mined in Neolithic times, both from the Lanaye limestone in the Gulpen Formation and the Emael Limestone in the Maastricht Formation. Flint from the South Limburg province was used for tools in a major part of north-west Europe. Around the village of Valkenburg aan de Geul, flint was mined from the Emael limestone. The originally subsurface mine, which had become exposed due to excavation of the valley slope in the past, was discovered in the 1990s. In the current study, the state of conservation of a Middle Neolithic flint mine situated at Plenkertweg in Valkenburg aan de Geul is assessed, eight years after the site was discovered. The assessment is based on determination of hydric behaviour and petrographic investigation of Maastricht limestone from the outcrop, and analysis of moisture conditions of the outcrop itself.


Contents Acknowledgments 1. Introduction: Print in the Age of Edison 2. Exposures: Rilke, Photography, and the City 3. Kinetic Writing and Kino-Books 4. Crisis of the Novel: Doeblin's Media Aesthetic 5. From Wordminded to Eyeminded: John Dos Passos's Image-Text Notes Bibliography Index


As an important pillar to the economic development of rural Laiwu,the "three-spicy" products and their related issues have assumed grave importance and the establishment of "three-spicy" logistics system in Laiwu is a project of complex systems.In view of the existing problems therein,the paper studies the necessity and reliability for the establishment of the system and proposes the necessary theoretical guidance and decision-making support.


The character of heat transfer in umbrella deck spray condensers used in polyester manufactuing is studied. A simple curtain style mathematical model of fransfer is derived based on an analysis of the mechanism of transfer, and a general method on the design of condensers is taken relating the height of liquid sheet to the average overall heat transfer coefficient through solving the heat transfer equation of the liquid sheet and considering the limit to vapor phase entrainment and pressure drop. Test verifications indicated good agreement between experimental and calculated data. This method has been adopted in the industrial design by China Textile Industrial Engineering Institute.


All women with underlying medical disorders should be given correct advice regarding adequate contraception so that they can make informed choices regarding potential future pregnancies. There are several important factors to consider when deciding upon the most appropriate form of contraception to use. These include the risk of pregnancy for the woman, the effect of the contraceptive method on the medical disease, the failure rates associated with the contraceptive method, the consequences of an unplanned pregnancy, and the compliance and preferences of the individual woman. There are a small number of very high-risk conditions where pregnancy is not recommended due to high mortality rates, and the most reliable contraceptive methods should be recommended for these women.


Styrene polymerization mediated by TEMPO is distinctly accelerated by the addition of small amounts of acetylacetone (AAT). The polymerization proceeds in a living fashion as indicated by the increase in molecular weight with time and conversion and relatively low polydispersities. It is found the polymerization was controlled well when the molar ratio of AAT/TEMPO equals to 2/1. The molecular weight could be controlled to 10 5 and the suitable temperature for styrene living polymerization in the presence of AAT is 130℃. 1HNMR shows that AAT acts as a catylyst to enhance the polymerization rate by weakening the bond of C O.


In many complex networks there is a relatively small group of participants that is well connected and highly influential. In order to understand the whole network and the underlying mechanisms it is very helpful to study the characteristics and the emergence of such a group. Many functional properties are associated with high degree nodes and their interconnectivity patterns (rich-club phenomenon). In this paper we examine structural properties of the x-rich-club of nine existing complex networks, where the x-rich-club is the subgraph induced of the x nodes with the highest degree out of all n nodes in the network. We observe in all networks we analyzed, that a small-sized rich-club containing about √ n nodes forms a dense subgraph which is connected to a significant fraction of the outside nodes, consists mainly of nodes that arrived to the network early, is more symmetric than the whole network and has a much higher induced average degree than the network as a whole.


ONO‐5334 (Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan) inhibits cathepsin K and has been shown to increase areal bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip and spine in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) allows the study of the cortical and trabecular bone separately and provides structural information such as cortical thickness. We investigated the impact of 2 years of cathepsin K inhibition on these different bone compartments with ONO‐5334. The clinical study was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo, and active controlled parallel group study conducted in 13 centers in six European countries. The original study period of 12 months was extended by another 12 months. A total of 147 subjects (age 55–75 years) of the QCT substudy who participated in the extension period were included. Subjects had been randomized into one of five treatment arms: placebo; ONO‐5334 50 mg twice per day (BID); ONO‐5334 100 mg once daily (QD); ONO‐5334 300 mg QD; or alendronate 70 mg once weekly (QW). QCT was obtained to evaluate bone structure at the lumbar spine and proximal femur. After 24 months ONO‐5334 showed statistically significant increases versus placebo for integral, trabecular, and cortical BMD at the spine and the hip (for ONO‐5334 300 mg QD, BMD increases were 10.5%, 7.1%, and 13.4% for integral, cortical, and trabecular BMD at the spine, respectively, and 6.2%, 3.4%, and 14.6% for integral, cortical, and trabecular total femur BMD, respectively). Changes in cortical and trabecular BMD in the spine and hip were similar for alendronate as for ONO‐5334. Integral volume did not demonstrate statistically significant changes under ONO‐5334 treatment, thus there was no evidence of periosteal apposition, neither at the spine nor at the femur. Cortical thickness changes were not statistically significant for ONO‐5334 in the spine and hip, with exception of a 2.1% increase after month 24 in the intertrochanter for ONO‐5334 300 mg QD. Over 2 years ONO‐5334 showed a statistically significant and persistent increase of trabecular and integral BMD at the spine and the hip. Cortical BMD also progressively increased but at a lower rate. Changes in bone size and of periosteal apposition were not observed. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.


The method based on the Malyuzhinets theory is very popular for solving the problem of diffraction by a wedge with given face impedances. It uses an original and very important method based on the Sommerfeld representation of the involved fields (see Osipov, A.V. and Norris, A.N., Wave Motion, vol.29, p.313-40, 1999). For studying fields and waves in wedge shaped regions, it is put before the more powerful Wiener-Hopf technique. The main reason for this preference is the belief of many researchers that the Wiener-Hopf technique can be applied only for certain values of aperture angles. The author has always felt this limited use of the Wiener-Hopf technique for wedge problems to be unsatisfying. To illustrate that the Wiener-Hopf technique works in problems involving wedges having arbitrary angle aperture, the Malyuzhinets problem is reconsidered.


Theories with extra dimensions at low Planck scale, offer the exciting possibility of mini black holes production in ultra high-energy particles interactions. In particular, cosmic neutrinos interaction can produce black holes deep in the Earth's atmosphere. These mini black holes then decay and produce 'characteristic' air showers. In this paper, we examine the properties of the mini black holes (mBH) air showers and compare them to the standard model (mSM) ones. We point out to some possible criteria that help distinguishing mBH air showers.


Background: Candida species are part of the body normal flora. Under certain conditions, these opportunistic microorganisms may lead to infection. The purpose of this study was to identify Candida species isolated from sputum from patients suffering from respiratory tract disorders. Methods: A total of 59 sputum samples taken from patients attending Azadi hospital at Duhok province, Kurdistan Region/Iraq. For primary isolation, sputum samples were cultured on sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). Suspected colonies of Candida isolates were then sub cultured on chromogenic Candida agar for presumptive identification. Genomic DNA extraction was performed using a genomic DNA extraction kit. For rapid identification of Candida spp, specific primers based on the genomic sequence of DNA topoisomerase 11 of C. albicans, C. parapsilosis I, C. parapsilosis II, C. guilliermondi, C. dubliniensis, C. krusei, C. kefyr and C. glabrata, C. tropicalis I, C. tropicalis II, C. lusitaniae were used. The Multiplex PCR products were separated by electrophoresis in 1.5% agarose gel, visualized by staining with ethidium bromide, and photographed. Results: Three Candida species namely C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis were differentiated by their colour produced on Chromogenic Candida agar. PCR with the primer mixes yielded 4 different sized of PCR products corresponding to C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. Keyfer and C. tropicalis II, C. glabrata was the most common species (33.33%), followed by C. albicans (16.66%). The highest rate of isolation of Candida species was between the ages of 36 to 45. Conclusion: This study concluded that phenotypic characteristics on selective agar medium such as chromogenic Candida agar are useful for presumptive identification of Candiada spp with the support of molecular method such as multiplex PCR.


In this paper, we extend the notion of Lyndon word to transfinite words. We prove two main results. We first show that, given a transfinite word, there exists a unique factorization in Lyndon words that are locally decreasing, a relaxation of the condition used in the case of finite words.


In this work we consider bifurcation problem for natural families of periodic motions of autonomous Hamiltonian systems with two degrees of freedom. While there exists a well-developed analytical approach to this problem, it is limited to small neighborhoods of known equilibria and stationary solutions. To explore the bifurcations of periodic motions for all admissible values of the problem's parameters it is necessary to employ numerical methods. We propose an approach combining analytical and numerical computation of the natural families with numerical bifurcation analysis. We obtain the so-called base solutions either analytically or numerically for particular values of the problem's parameters and then employ a numerical method to continue the base solutions to the borders of their existence domains and to identify bifurcation points. Linear orbital stability domains are also obtained in course of the continuation. To illustrate the proposed approach we analyze bifurcation of periodic motions emanating from Cylindrical precession of a dynamically-symmetric satellite on a circular orbit.


The wireless streaming media communications are fragile to the delay jitter because the conditions and requirements vary frequently with the users' mobility. Buffering is a typical way to reduce the delay jitter of media packets before the playback, however, it will incur a longer end-to-end delay. Our motivation in this paper is to improve the balance between the elimination of delay jitter and the decrease of end-to-end delay. We propose a novel adaptive playback buffer (APB) based on the probing scheme. By utilizing the probing scheme, the instantaneous network situations are collected, and then the delay margin and the delay jitter margin are employed to calculate the step length (sl) which is used to adjust the playback buffer in each time. The adaptive adjustment to the playback buffer in APB enables the continuous and real-time representation of streaming media at the receiver. Unlike the previous studies, the novelty and contributions of the paper are: a) Accuracy: by employing the instantaneous network information, the adjustment to the playback buffer correctly reflects the current network situations and therefore achieves the improved balance between the elimination of delay jitter and the decrease of end-to-end delay; Hence. APB adjustment is accurate in terms of improving such balance; b) Efficiency: by utilizing the simple probing scheme, APB achieves the current network situations without the complex mathematic predictions, which enables the adjustment to be more timely and efficient. Performance data obtained through extensive simulations show that our APB is effective to reduce both delay jitter and playback buffer delay.


The effects of climate,soil and topography factors on growth and fruit characters of Torreya grandis 'Merrillii' were reviewed to find out its favorable environment conditions and the existing problems in the previous research.Given the existing research on the favorable environment conditions of Torreya grandis 'Merrillii',it was found out that longtime quantitative observation research on environmental factors and macro analysis research based on global position system(GPS),remote sensing(RS) and geographic information system(GIS) were the topics needing further research.


Tool use and manufacture are central points in the development of human culture and certain sophisticated aspects of it are believed to be uniquely human. Studies of New Caledonian crows present findings that question this uniqueness and suggest highly sophisticated tool behavior. The purpose of this paper is to discuss this behavior and to present different theories on how this behavior is obtained. Recurring evidence supports the view that inheritance interacts with experience and social learning over the course of the development of tool use and tool manufacture, but further research is required to identify the extent to which each aspect contributes to it. Nevertheless, the behavior of the New Caledonian crow may offer insight on the development of human culture.


Despite additional implementation complexity, adaptive routing shows its efficiency in sustaining network performance after bypassing a congested area of many-core based on-chip communication system. Performance is improved due to traversing packets through congestion-free links and switches either in minimal or non-minimal route. It helps in preventing the network from reaching an early saturation due to stalling of packets in the priority fixed shortest route. However, routing packets adaptively to an alternate route rather forwarding them to the priority fixed shortest route may lead to an unintended circumstance. It may lead to the delivery of packets to the sink node in an out-of-order sequence that is not accepted by a few message passing systems. Sorting such packets at the sink node at higher packet injection ratio becomes costlier due to large buffer requirement. Proposed method guarantees in-order delivery of packets under adaptive routing by reserving an alternate virtual path during virtual channel allocation process. Experiments on different synthetic and parallel traffic benchmarks with the proposed mechanism also ensure provably similar performances compared to the adaptive routing without considering ordering sequence.


Objective
To explore the feasibility of breast reconstruction using thigh free dermal fat flap.

Methods
In January 4, 2017, a 27-year-old unmarried female patient with breast cancer was admitted to the Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. She previously underwent breast tumor biopsy in another hospital. In our hospital, she was pathologically diagnosed as having invasive micropapillary carcinoma in the right breast with ER (+ , >90%), PR (+ , >90%), HER-2 (-), Ki67 (+ , about 30%). Preoperative ultrasound showed that the fat thickness in the inferior part of the breast was 3.0 cm and the fat thickness in internal femoral region was 4.5 cm. The patient underwent the right breast conserving surgery plus right axillary lymph node dissection plus immediate breast reconstruction using internal femoral free dermal fat flap. A 5.0 cm × 7.0 cm flap was removed from the medial proximal root of the right thigh during the operation. After de-epidermidalization, the flap was shaped and fixed on the surface of the pectoralis major muscle. Surgical specimens were sent for pathological examination and the patient was examined by breast ultrasound and MRI on postoperative days 7 and 10.

Results
Postoperative pathology confirmed invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the right breast. Sentinel lymph node biopsy showed metastatic carcinoma (1/2), while no metastatic carcinoma was observed in axillary lymph nodes of levels Ⅰ to Ⅲ. Postoperative ultrasound showed that the reconstructed flap had the same echo to the original subcutaneous residual adipose tissue in the right breast, without dark area of fluid, infection and ischemic necrosis, suggesting the survival of flap. The breast MRI showed that the surgical area was filled with adipose tissue and blood circulation was good. On postoperative day 2, the patient had out-of-bed activities. On postoperative day 5, two drainage tubes were removed. On postoperative day 10, the reconstructed breast had good shape, bilateral symmetry, no appearance change or discomfort in the supine position and standing position. Moreover, the scar was occult in donor area. She was satisfied with clinical outcome. She was followed up until August 31, 2017. The follow-up showed good shape and bilateral symmetry of breasts, without recurrence or metastasis of breast cancer.

Conclusion
The transplantation of thigh free dermal fat flap can be used as an individualized surgical method for the repair of local breast deformity after breast conserving surgery.

Key words:
Breast neoplasms; Surgical flaps; Mammaplasty


At first glance, print readers of Elizabeth R. Petrick's Making Computers Accessible: Disability Rights and Digital Technology might not notice that on the book's cover image, the digits typing on a computer keyboard are not fingers, but toes. Individuals without hands or arms, or with limited use of those appendages due to disabilities such as cerebral palsy, may employ any number of tools to alternatively control their computers. This includes electronic pointing systems operated by eye movement, sticks held in the mouth, and touch screens. There is no one input device that everyone can use, for example, to type a book review for Technology and Culture. While contemporary personal computers allow hardware to work rather flexibly with software, this was not always the case. Petrick traces how, over the late twenty-first century, the U.S. personal computing industry—led by multinational companies such as Apple, Microsoft, and IBM, as well as smaller firms and entrepreneurs—designed and developed products to accommodate the needs of disabled computer users. Many of these product features, such as text enlargement and text-to-speech functionality, later became commonplace in technologies regularly used by people who do not identify as disabled. Activists, both with and without disabilities, played a critical role in this shift and, Petrick argues, an active but underexplored role in the interwoven histories of computing, disability, and U.S. civil rights history. Petrick describes how an array of technologies coalesced to make personal computers accessible. This spanned political technologies (e.g., values and ideas about bodily variation), legal technologies (e.g., accessibility legislation such as the Americans with Disabilities Act), and social technologies (e.g., systems for information sharing, communication, and organization). In both the introduction and conclusion, Petrick frames the view of disability and technology held by famed scientist and transhumanist Raymond Kurzweil, inventor of the first text-to-speech reading machine for the blind, as oppositional to the view primarily held by the coalition of actors that worked from the 1970s through 1990s to make computers accessible. While Kurzweil spoke publicly and widely of disability as an individual bodily deficit in need of fixing, and technology as a means of repair, many activists, developers, and users rejected normalization of individuals with disabilities as a societal goal. Moreover, they maintained that political infrastructures and corporate philosophies—inevitably at odds with one another at times—were also necessary for the cultural participation of those with disabilities. B O O K R E V I E W S


Historical view as well as the political/economic reasons for the changes of the CAP presenting posibilities for a more progressive policy in the future frame of CAP.


By the rank l of the pair of operators L1, L2 we mean the dimension of the space of joint eigenfunctions at the point P ∈ Γ in general position. For l = 1 the function ψ(n, P ) can be expressed in terms of the theta function of the curve Γ, and one can readily recover the coefficients of the operators [1]. For l > 1 the problem of finding the function ψ(n, P ) reduces to the solution of a Riemann problem, and it has not been possible to find this function explicitly. Krichever and Novikov [1] (see also [2]) proposed a method for finding the coefficients of the operators, the so-called method of Tyurin parameter dynamics, in which it is not required to find ψ(n, P ). They showed that the coefficients of the operators can be recovered from the solutions of the equations for the Tyurin parameters of the holomorphic stable bundles which are uniquely determined by the function ψ(n, P ), and then the coefficients depend on l arbitrary functional parameters. Namely, they showed that, to recover the coefficients of the operators, it suffices to find the matrix function


When we talk about Meskhetian/Ahiskaian Turks, it is perceived that the Turkish community with a population of approximately 200 thousand existed in the Meskhetian/Samtskhe-Javakheti region of Georgia, who was exiled from their ancestral lands to the Central Asian countries in 1944 by the Soviet government. Due to its settled position, Ahiskaian Turkishness has been a gateway between Anatolia and the Caucasus, in other words, between the regions and civilizations, as well as the unifying bridge of Anatolian and Azerbaijani Turks. After the exile, this position expanded further, and it also assumed the role of the cultural carrier of Central Asia, Anatolia, and Azerbaijan. Today about 150 thousand Meskhetian Turks live in Kazakhstan, 100 thousand in Turkey, 100 thousand in Azerbaijan, 100 thousand in the Russian Federation, 50 thousand in Kyrgyzstan, 15 thousand in Uzbekistan, 10 thousand in the United States, 10 thousand live in Ukraine and 1,500 in Georgia. As they live in different countries, Meskhetian Turks are defined as a trans-national community. It is known that Meskhetian Turks have a rich cultural heritage. The modern type of schooling process of this community has an important historical background. In the presented article, the schools that operated before the Turks' 1944 evacuation from the historical Meskhet-Javakheti region in south-west Georgia are investigated. At the end of the 19th century, the new type of credit schools gave education in the Turkish language and opened in the villages of the Turks inhabited by the Turks in the Akhaltsikhe District in the province of Tiflis in Tsarist Russia, is being studied. In this context, the activity history of the primary schools established in the villages of Atsquri and Okam in 1881, Khertvisi in 1885, Adigeni in 1895, Oshora, Tsnisi, and Varkhani in 1897, the content of education in these schools, the contributions of reformist teachers who lit the light of enlightenment in the Akhaltsikhe cultural region, information specific to students is presented. The study's subjective sources and materials are mainly related materials in the Central Historical Archives of the National Archive of Georgia in Tbilisi.


A few herbarium packets of North American truffles have annotations hinting at sale of specimens harvested by Italian immigrants to restaurants in New York City in the early 20th century, but the first recorded commercial harvesting began with the founding of the North American Trufflling Society (NATS) in Oregon in 1978 (Rawlinson et al.1995). Members not only sought native truffles with great enthusiasm but also tried all species found in various culinary combinations with other foods. Early on, the Oregon white truffle (Tuber gibbosum Harkn.) gained a reputation as being particularly desirable. Other species also achieved positive reputations in the region: the Oregon black truffle (Leucangium carthusianum (Tul.) Paol. and the Kalapuya brown truffle (Kalapuya brunnea M. Trappe, Trappe & Bonito, formerly termed the Oregon brown truffle under the provisional name Leucangium brunneum nom. ined). These and the many other but less desirable genera and species in the region are discussed by M. Trappe et al. (2007, 2010) and J. Trappe et al. (2009).


Productivity plays a vital role in real time industries in order to improve the output percentage in machining line. This Research complies with implementing Total Productive Maintenance in CNC Machining line in an automobile component manufacturing company. Industries in current scenario are spending huge amount in implementing new machines and equipments, but unfortunately concentration to improve productivity become less by achieving maximum productivity from a machine for which it is really designed for. Normal behaviour of machine is defined in an order, such as minor loses in time and deviations from actual designed capability. 5S Technique is implemented in order to implement the Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), which is part of implementing a cognitive maintenance plan with involvement of everyone from Top management to lower level employees throughout the production plan of equipments in an organization. Research comes up with neat and tidy work environment, improved morale of employees, creating maximum effectiveness of equipments which results in Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE). Previous results of the production line are compared with Research results and effectiveness of equipments. At the end of the report over all equipment effectiveness OEE is compared with previous results.


We introduce a posteriori bounds for the eigenfunctions (eigenvalues) of non‐selfadjoint diagonalizable PDE‐eigenvalue problems which incorporates an inexact solution of the corresponding generalized matrix eigenvalue problem. The estimates combine the standard perturbation results with the saturation assumption for the eigenfunctions. (© 2010 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Objective:To figure out the effect of the bronchofiborscope in NICU patients with pulmonary infection.Methods:101 NICU patients with pulmonary infection were treated by using bronchofiborscope.The PaO2 and SpO2 of those patients were compared before and after the bronchofiborscope treatment.Results:After one to four times bronchofiborscope treatment,the patients'SpO2 was better than before(p0.001).Two hours after the treatment,the patients'PaO2 was also improved than before(p0.001).Conclusion:The application of the bronchofiborscope in NICU could help the patients with pulmonary infection improve their respiratory function.


With the end of "Cold War" the U.S. nuclear weapon design laboratories has new work to do and their budgets remained intact. The paper discusses the different programs and proposals regarding the maintenance and transformation in the U.S. nuclear weapons.


Cattle are socioeconomically important animals with frequent and close contact with humans. Due to the size and power of these animals, injury and deaths related to contact with cows and bulls do occur. It is impossible to be certain of the worldwide burden of morbidity and mortality. It is clear however that trauma presents as specific injury patterns, often related to particular activities. Research identifies groups such as dairy farmers, veterinarians and abattoir workers who are at a higher risk of injury. The general public also increase their risk of injury just by being near cattle. The assessment and treatment of injuries due to cattle trauma should follow some clear and well-defined principles. Reduction in the frequency and severity of injury is possible and should be a priority.


Objective To explore the expression of plasma adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)in patients with cerebral infarction and its relationship with severity of cerebral infarction.Methods 60 cases with cerebral infarction were divided into three groups according to scores of infarct size and neural function.Plasma adiponectin concentration was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the levels of TNF-αby radioimmunoassay.At the same time,20 healthy people were chosen as control group.Results Plasma levels of adiponectin in patients with cerebral infarction were lower than in control group(P0.05),plasma levels of TNF-α were significantly higher than that of control group(P0.01).The moderate and severe infarction group were significantly different from the mild group in the levels of adiponectin and TNF-α(P0.05).Adiponectin levels were negatively related to TNF-α(P0.05).Conclusion The level of plasma adiponectin and TNF-α can reflect the severity of cerebal infarction.


The network congestion is caused by the rapidly growing data traffic and the limited wireless radio resources. In addition to the licensed spectrum, the access to unlicensed spectrum (e.g., LAA) brings hope for the service provider (SP) to mitigate the deficiency of radio resources. The premium peering deal with the content providers (CPs) can be an approach to efficiently allocate the scarce radio resources to the CPs with higher traffic load and QoS requirement. This work contributes to a content premium pricing framework for one SP and several CPs, where the SP possesses both LTE and LAA. Through the four-stage Stackelberg game, job market signaling game and second price auction, we derive the optimal bandwidth demand of each CP, the optimal amounts of licensed bandwidth and unlicensed bandwidth required by the SP, the premium access fee and basic access fee. Analysis shows that the CPs and the SP all benefit from the premium access deal. Furthermore, there is a tradeoff between improvement and variability of the SP's profit when introducing LAA.


Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have become one of the key instruments to face economic and social problems and achieve development objectives in most industrial and developing countries. SME contributions to employment creation, productivity improvement, and income generation are underutilized in the Arab countries at a time when economic transformation is shifting the onus for productivity from the public sector to the private sector. Population growth and economic restructuring in many Arab countries make the creation of substantial new employment opportunities a necessity. To do so, Arab enterprises must favorably face increased competition in both local and export market through improvements in product quality and work place efficiency. Sheer survival in theses business conditions forces both large companies and SMEs to restructure themselves in order to meet the global competition. Statistics show that SMEs represent 90% of total companies in the vast majority of economies worldwide and provide 40-80% of total job opportunities in addition to contributing largely to GDPs of many countries. The aim of this research is to study The developmental role of SMEs in the Arab countries.


Durings HARMS WAY show in Chicago last Wednesday night, their van and their gear got stolen (James Pligge, sorry for cutting your head off, but we ...


Based on an empirical potential,we have performed calculations of bond lengths of carbon bucky-balls with high symmetry. Bond length of a monolayer graphite, considered as an extremely large bucky-ball, has also been calculated. The calculated bond lengths of single bonds and double bonds dectrease and increase with increasing bucky-ball size, respectively, and both smoothly connects with the corresponding value of the monolayer graphite.


Background: Traditional testing of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function has essentially relied upon the insulin tolerance test or the metyrapone test (both tests are not only uncomfortable, but are also dangerous). The standard ACTH stimulation test uses an extremely supra-physiologic amount (250 ) of ACTH to evaluate a physiological response, which may result in a false normal response. The 1 rapid ACTH stimulation test is more physiological and more sensitive than the standard test, but there exist much controversy about when the serum cortisol should be measured or what the most appropriate cut-off point is for normality or whether the 1 ACTH commercial solution is needed. The aims of this study were to investigate 1) whether 1 of ACTH is an appropriate amount to stimulate the adrenal gland of patients that have suspected central adrenal insufficiency compared with insulin tolerance test (ITT) and 2) the diagnostic value of the 1 rapid ACTH stimulation test according to timing of sampling of serum cortisol. Methods: In order to evaluate the dose-response relationship between ACTH and cortisol, we performed the ITT in 77 patients with suspected central adrenal insufficiency with serial measurements of serum cortisol and plasma ACTH. We drew the blood samples in 10 min intervals between 10 and 60 min after the administration of 1 ACTH in 39 patients with central adrenal insufficiency and in 38 pituitary control patients with pituitary. ITT was used to confirm the diseases for the patients of central adrenal insufficiency, but for pituitary control patients, the ITT indicated normality in the patients. Also, all subjects underwent the 250 rapid ACTH stimulation test, and we compared the diagnostic value of the 1 ACTH stimulation test with the 250 test. Results: 1) The plasma ACTH level after the 1 ACTH stimulation test, even if it was be assumed as approximately 300 pg/mL, was expected to be sufficient enough to stimulate the adrenal cortex normally (serum cortisol levels >18 /dL) compared to the plasma ACTH level in the ITT. 2) The sensitivity and specificity of the 1 rapid ACTH stimulation test was highest with 92.3% and 84.2%, respectively, when serum cortisol levels were measured at 20, 30, and 40 min after the ACTH injection. The 1 rapid ACTH stimulation test was more sensitive than the 250 ACTH test (sensitivity: 92.3%, specificity: 71.8%). Conclusion: The 1 rapid ACTH stimulation test was more sensitive test in patients with suspected central adrenal insufficiency, and blood samples for cortisol levels should be drawn at 20, 30, and 40 min after ACTH administration.


In this paper we discuss the link between value-based business requirements and information systems artifacts. Business-IT alignment is an active research area for more than three decades. We analyzed the applicability of existing approaches to business-IT alignment, such as Information Systems Planning (ISP) and Enterprise Architecture Frameworks (EAFs) and found out that today's networked world, poses challenges to these attempts. A major drawback is their inability to adequately specify the requirements for IT systems used by businesses that provide services to each other in a value-based service web. In this paper, we analyze this problem, and propose a research framework towards a solution. Our approach does not consider only functional requirements, but also non-functional requirements.We present what has been achieved so far, and sketch a plan for further research towards the completion of the PhD thesis.


This paper investigates empirically different ways to organize research and development (R&D) within Swiss firms. Based on a longitudinal data set comprising three cross-sections (1999, 2002, and 2005) of the Swiss Innovation Survey, four different types of R&D strategies could have been separated; firms combine in-house R&D with R&D co-operations (coop) or in-house R&D with external R&D (buy), or they conduct in-house R&D, external R&D, and R&D co-operations (mixed), or they exclusively rely on in-house R&D (make). It is the aim of this paper to understand what drive firms to go for different strategies. Based on econometric estimations controlling for correlations between the dependent variables and endogeneity among the independent variables, it was found that concepts related to the absorptive capacity, incoming spillovers, and appropriability, the importance of different knowledge sources, the competitive environment, costs, and skill aspects as well as technological uncertainty are essential factors to determine a firm's decision to choose a specific way to organize R&D.


Mathematics is often perceived as a vigorous and demanding subject, and many students treat it as such, developing high affective filters which inhibit the process of learning math. This adverse reaction is the origin of math anxiety, a critical issue which plagues fifty percent of the U.S. population (Boaler, 2012). The purpose of this study is to promote math's value and lessen negative feelings towards the subject by implementing carefully structured, real-life warmups in the elementary classroom. This program evaluation utilizes a qualitative research method to explore what teachers should consider when incorporating real-life applications in math pedagogy. Student reactions to the warmups are analyzed through observation reflections. The findings of this study have revealed several considerations for educators when teaching real-life math: ineffective elements, ruminations, elements up for discussion, and successful elements.


This paper introduces the Differentiable SLAM Network (SLAM-net) that encodes a particle filter based SLAM algorithm in a differentiable computation graph, and learns task-oriented neural network models by backpropagating through the SLAM algorithm. Because of its ability to learn task-oriented models, differentiable SLAM can potentially overcome a number of important limitations of traditional SLAM methods, such as dynamic environments, sparse visual features, maps that allow downstream path planning or semantic tasks. Preliminary results in simulated indoor environments show a strong performance for SLAM-net, both for visual localization and downstream visual navigation. Our navigation architecture with SLAM-net improves the state-of-the-art for the Habitat PointNav Challenge 2020 task by a large margin (37% to 64% success). For an extension of this work visit the project website: http://sites.google.com/view/slamnet


Objective: To explore the effect of health education and supportive therapy on neuroses. Methods: Fifty six subjects were assigned into two groups according to the sequence of hospitalization. Both groups received the same drug treatment, average dosage: in experiment group fluoxetine 20~30mg/d (9 cases), Amitriptyline 75~150mg/d(8 case), Alprazolam 1.6~ 2.8mg/d(13 cases), received the health education and supportive therapy for 38 to 60 days in addition to drug treatment. In control group, fluoxetine 20~30mg/d(11 case), Amitriptyline 75~200mg/d(5 cases), Alprazolam 1.2~2.8mg/d(10 cases) were used. The Symptom Checklist 90 was used for assessment before and after treatment and cure rate was evaluated by clinical standard at discharge in both groups. Results: Cure rate was higher in the experimental group (94%) than control group (71%, P 0.05). The total score of the Symptom Checklist 90 and main factors were lower in the experimental group than the control group ( P 0.01). Conclussion: Early health education and supportive therapy can improve the treatment outcome of patients with neuroses.


Automatic coronary centerline extraction and lumen segmentation facilitate the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD), which is a leading cause of death in developed countries. Various coronary centerline extraction methods have been proposed and most of them are based on shortest path computation given one or two end points on the artery. The major variation of the shortest path based approaches is in the different vesselness measurements used for the path cost. An empirically designed measurement (e.g., the widely used Hessian vesselness) is by no means optimal in the use of image context information. In this paper, a machine learning based vesselness is proposed by exploiting the rich domain specific knowledge embedded in an expert-annotated dataset. For each voxel, we extract a set of geometric and image features. The probabilistic boosting tree (PBT) is then used to train a classifier, which assigns a high score to voxels inside the artery and a low score to those outside. The detection score can be treated as a vesselness measurement in the computation of the shortest path. Since the detection score measures the probability of a voxel to be inside the vessel lumen, it can also be used for the coronary lumen segmentation. To speed up the computation, we perform classification only for voxels around the heart surface, which is achieved by automatically segmenting the whole heart from the 3D volume in a preprocessing step. An efficient voxel-wise classification strategy is used to further improve the speed. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed learning based vesselness outperforms the conventional Hessian vesselness in both speed and accuracy. On average, it only takes approximately 2.3 seconds to process a large volume with a typical size of 512x512x200 voxels.


ABSTRACT One of the marked features of the COVID-19 pandemic has been the proliferation of fake news about the virus. Although commentary on this issue has generally focused on the dissemination of online material by private citizens and organised groups, politicians have often played a major role as well, exacerbating divisions and impairing the effective implementation of measures against the pandemic. This article examines this issue, focusing on Australian politician Craig Kelly, with references to the cases of Donald Trump (US) and Jair Bolsonaro (Brazil). Despite operating in very different contexts, we find a high degree of similarity in the messages they conveyed, which echoed misleading claims being circulated online, and constituted a form of medical populism. These findings show that the problem of fake news is not simply about the activities of shadowy groups online; it is also enabled by the public comments of populist politicians.


The geometric features modification of NURBS curves are discussed in this paper.By means of constrained optimization,this paper uses the LSM(Least Square Method) to modify the geometric features such as tangency and curvature of the selected point on a NURBS curve.This method is very convenient for interactive,and can realize design and various shape modification effects.


IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND AND MAKE DECISIONS CONCERNING THE LENGTH OF PRIVATE AND PARISH ROADS IN THE RURAL ROAD NETWORK OF THE PROVINCE OF SALZBURG (EXCLUDING THE CITY OF SALZBURG) AND TO PROVIDE AN OVERALL VIEW OF THE PRESENT STATE OF CONSTRUCTION AND EXTENSION REQUIREMENTS, A DETAILED SURVEY WAS CARRIED OUT IN 1977. IT INCLUDED ONLY THOSE ROADS WHICH LED TO PERMANENTLY OCCUPIED HOUSES OR SETTLEMENTS. IN ADDITION TO NOTING THE LENGTH AND WIDTHS AND WHETHER A ROAD WAS IN A BUILT UP AREA OR NOT, DETAILS WERE ALSO OBTAINED OF THE TYPE OF PAVEMENT AND A VISUAL ASSESSMENT MADE OF ITS CONDITION. IN CERTAIN SAMPLE CASES ADDITIONAL MEASUREMENTS WERE TAKEN USING A BENKELMAN BEAM. THE TOTAL LENGTH OF THE RURAL ROAD NETWORK IN THE PROVINCE OF SALZBURG (EXCLUDING THE CITY) IS 5.467 KM, WHICH FORMS 80.2% OF THE TOTAL ROAD LENGTH IN SALZBURG. OF THESE 40% ARE PRIVATE AND 60% PARISH ROADS. ONLY ABOUT 46% OF THE ROADS HAVE A SUFFICIENT WIDTH, 43% ARE FROM 3.0 TO 5.0 M WIDE, 11% ARE BEING IMPROVED TO AT LEAST 5.0 M. ABOUT 65% OF THE ROADS ARE BITUMINOUS, 35% ARE UNBOUND.


The human pathogenic proteolytic enzyme of Vibrio vulnificus on marine bacterium , were ex amined various conditions. The highest activities enzyme was occured from the culture on 72 hours , and this enzyme has fall into speedily death phase , in brain heart infusion broth media. The proteolytic enzymes were activelly activated in 1 % concentration of sodium chloride and does not activated more than high concentration of NaCl and that was also required for the good growth conditions of the Vibrio organism. This proteolytic enzyme has worked activelly activaties in temperature from 30 t to 60 t and best temperature was 43 t in pH 8.5 of alkali condition pH of enzyme substrate. So the Vibrio vulnificus ' protease was thought alkaline protease and that was best activates working in pH 8.5 and 43 t of temperature.


The effect of additives on the sintering of ThO2 and ThO2-Y2O3 compacts and loose powders was studied by isothermal shrinkage measurements and by scanning electron micrography. Small amounts of the oxides of Ni, Zn, Co, and Cu reduced the sintering temperature. The behavior of NiO at a concentration of 0.8 wt% (2.5 mol%) was studied in detail and found to yield high-density bodies at temperatures below 1500°C. The presence of Y2O3 as a separate phase increases the rate of sintering of ThO2, but smaller amounts of NiO are much more potent. The major portion of the densification occurs very rapidly and is followed by a much slower sintering process typical of volume diffusion. The fast early shrinkage may be caused by the capillary forces of a liquid, but since no evidence of melting was found, a solid-state mechanism may be responsible.


Tim Holman received the B.S.E.E from the University of Tennessee and the M.S.E.E. and Ph.D.E.E. from the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is a member of the Institute for Space and Defense Electronics, and has held the position of Research Associate Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Vanderbilt University since 2000. He specializes in the areas of low noise / low power analog, mixed-signal, and digital integrated circuit design, with a focus on radiation effects and radiationhardening-by-design techniques for high-performance analog and mixed-signal circuits.


The vacuole is the major site of intracellular Ca2+ storage in yeast and functions to maintain cytosolic Ca2+ levels within a narrow physiological range. In this study, we examined how cellular Ca2+ homeostasis is maintained in a vps33Δ vacuolar biogenesis mutant. We found that growth of the vps33Δ strain was sensitive to high or low extracellular Ca2+. This strain could not properly regulate cytosolic Ca2+ levels and was able to retain only a small fraction of its total cellular Ca2+ in a nonexchangeable intracellular pool. Surprisingly, thevps33Δ strain contained more total cellular Ca2+ than the wild type strain. Because most cellular Ca2+ is normally found within the vacuole, this suggested that other intracellular compartments compensated for the reduced capacity to store Ca2+ within the vacuole of this strain. To test this hypothesis, we examined the contribution of the Golgi-localized Ca2+ ATPase Pmr1p in the maintenance of cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. We found that avps33Δ/pmr1Δ strain was hypersensitive to high extracellular Ca2+. In addition, certain combinations of mutations effecting both vacuolar and Golgi Ca2+ transport resulted in synthetic lethality. These results indicate that the Golgi apparatus plays a significant role in maintaining Ca2+homeostasis when vacuolar biogenesis is compromised.


ABSTRACT Baggase represent waste of lignocellulose yielded by sugar mill after sugar cane taken its. Especial component of bagasse for example fiber about 43-52%, lignine content of 20% and pentosan content of 27%. pulp had been made from bagasse fiber. This research conducted to know the bleaching methode using various concentration peracetic acid viewed from their chemical properties. The bleaching process was carried out using peracetic acid 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15% at 850C for 3 hours. After works, the pulp was washed and dried at room temperature, analyzed for cellulose, hemicellulose and number of kappa. The result showed that higher peracetic acid concentration descreased in cellulose, hemicelluse, lignin, permangant number and kappa number. The best result was obtained at the concentration of 3% with content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and permanganat numer and kappa number of 70,16%, 16,85%, and 30,05 5 respectively. Keywords: bagasse, peracetic acid,cCellulose


Zinc oxide (ZnO) films fabricated using low cost methods were employed to synthesize a liquid junction photocell explained in this report. Methyl violet dye has been coated on ZnO films to enhance the light absorption. The thickness of the ZnO film and the separation between the Platinum electrode and ZnO film were varied in order to obtain the maximum efficiency of the photocell. The best photocurrent and photo-voltage could be measured for ZnO films coated with methyl violet dye for 12 hours. The optimum photocurrent obtained was 0.24 mA/cm 2 , which was a higher photocurrent for Methyl violet coated ZnO films. But the photo-voltage measured was comparable to the photo-voltage of ZnO films measured by some other researchers. Hence, a considerably higher optimum efficiency such as 2.4% could be obtained for these ZnO films consist of ZnO nanoparticles. The higher effective surface area provided by ZnO nanoparticles is the possible reason for this higher photocurrent. Keywords: Zinc Oxide, I-V characteristic curves, photocell, photocurrent and photo-voltage DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/josuk.v5i0.4088 J Sci.Univ.Kelaniya 5 (2010): 25-31


Pre-harvest sprouting(PHS) of grain while it is still in the ear,is due to an early disruption of seed dormancy.PHS reduces the quality of wheat and the value of the grain.Viviparous1(Vp-1) homologues play an important role in seed maturation,dormancy and desiccation.In this study,to make use of genetic resource of pre-harvest sprouting tolerance in Chinese wheats,PCR-based approach was employed to isolate a Vp-1 homologous cDNA clone from Xinong 979,and designated as WVp-1.Using Gateway cloning technology,the plant expression vector of WVp-1 gene driven by the double 35S promoter was successfully constructed and induced into Arabidopsis mutant abi3-4.8 plants with resistance to Bialaphos were obtain.This laid a basis for the function analysis of WVp-1 gene.


In the title complex, [InCl2(C24H21N7)]Cl·C2H5OH·2H2O, the InIII ion is coordinated by four N atoms from the tris(benzimidazol-2-ylmethyl)amine (NTB) ligand and two Cl atoms in a distorted octahedral environment. In the crystal structure, intermolecular N—H⋯O, O—H⋯O, O—H⋯Cl and weak C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds connect the cations, anions and solvent molecules into a three-dimensional network. The ethanol solvent molecule is disordered over two sites with refined occupancies of 0.54 (2) and 0.46 (2).


Have introduced the scheme of the profesional course reform of the computer and implement in the detail,Have put forward some enlightment of the reform in education urther.


commercially pure copper matrix composite reinforced with ( 0,2,4,6,8,10 and 12vol % ) of ( SiC ) prepared by powder metallurgy technique. , then The mixture was mixed mechanically by using rotating mixer for two hour and frequently mixer for five minute for each sample . The mixture was cold pressed uniaxially at (350 MPa) using die of (12)mm diameter and height (100)mm and sintered at (900 o C) for two hours and studying the effect of reinforcement content on mechanical and metallurgical properties were studied . The results showed decrease in values of Green & Bulk Density and increasing the percentage of true porosity and increase in values of Vickers hardness and yield compressive resistance and decrease in wear rate with increase reinforcement content with improvement of properties after centering .


Objective: To construct human tetanus immune phage antibody library, screen antibody genes against tetanus toxoid, and express solution Fab in Escherichia coli. Methods: Total RNA was extracted from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of volunteers who accepted tetanus toxoid injection. The genes of the light chains (VL+CL) and heavy chains Fd (VH+CH1) were amplified with a series of human IgG Fab genes specific primers. The PCR products were separately digested with XbaⅠ/SacⅠand SpeⅠ/XhoⅠand cloned into the phagemid vector pComb3. The phage antibody against tetanus toxoid was selected and enriched by reacting to tetanus toxin. After gene Ⅲ of the coat proteins(gⅢ)was removed, E. coli. could express solution Fab fragments against tetanus toxoid. Results: According to the GenBank, the IgG Fab genes of human anti-tetanus toxoid were obtained. Furthermore, it was indicated that solution Fab fragments could react specifically to tetanus toxoid though ELISA screening. Conclusion: Human genetic engineering antibody, which is able to react specifically to tetanus toxin, is obtained through screening phage antibody library.


Source Citation Salpeter SR, Cheng J, Thabane L, Buckley NS, Salpeter EE. Bayesian meta-analysis of hormone therapy and mortality in younger postmenopausal women. Am J Med. 2009;122:1016-22. 19854329


Student growth percentiles (SGPs, Betebenner, 2009) are used to locate a student's current score in a conditional distribution based on the student's past scores. Currently, following Betebenner (2009), quantile regression (QR) is most often used operationally to estimate the SGPs. Alternatively, multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) may also be used to estimate SGPs, as proposed by Lockwood and Castellano (2015). A benefit of using MIRT to estimate SGPs is that techniques and methods already developed for MIRT may readily be applied to the specific context of SGP estimation and inference. This research adopts a MIRT framework to explore the reliability of SGPs. More specifically, we propose a straightforward method for estimating SGP reliability. In addition, we use this measure to study how SGP reliability is affected by two key factors: the correlation between prior and current latent achievement scores, and the number of prior years included in the SGP analysis. These issues are primarily explored via simulated data. In addition, the QR and MIRT approaches are compared in an empirical application.


Self-concept of siblings of handicapped children was compared with that of children without handi. capped siblings. Results of a standardized children's self-concept scale showed that siblings of handicapped children did not differ from other children in self-concept. Extreme scores, however, suggested differential responses among the siblings. Some children in both groups had poor self-concept scores. Though statistically insignificant, females in both groups showed higher self-concept scores than males. Males with handicapped siblings had higher self-concepts than the males without handicapped siblings. Results are discussed in terms of theoretical models and research evidence. Suggestions are made for intervention and research.


In order to promote the construction of unified radio and television supervision platform, as well as resolve the difficulties of equipment management which comes from dif erent projects while face the shortage of maintenance personnel,we independently design and develop the Dynamic Project Management System for Unii ed Radio and Television Supervision Platform. The system can dynamically track the implementation and resource integration of each project, and trace the use of each i nding and equipment purchase to achieve resource sharing and improve the operational ei ciency.


The invention relates to a UV/EB (ultraviolet/electron beam) curing transfer coating capable of embossing a laser information layer and a preparation method thereof. The coating comprises the following raw materials: 10-50 of solid thermoplastic resin, 5-30 of acrylate prepolymer, 20-80 of reactive diluent, 2-4 or 0 of initiator and 0.5-3.0 of additive. The preparation method comprises the steps as follows: dissolving the smashed solid thermoplastic resin in the active diluent of 40-60 DEG C; mixing with the preheated acrylate prepolymer of 40-60 DEG C; uniformly dispersing; adding the additive and the initiator (adding the additive only when adopting the EB curing process); uniformly dispersing; and filtering a mixture at the temperature of 40-60 DEG C to obtain the UV/EB curing transfer coating capable of performing mould pressing on the laser information layer. The production process of the coating is safe, high in efficiency and low in energy consumption and has the characteristic of zero emission; the embossed holographic laser information is clear; the performance of stripping from a PET (polyester) film is good; the performance of adhesion between an aluminum layer and the transfer coating in the vacuum aluminum plating process is good; and the wear resistance, the solvent resistance, the temperature resistance, the flexibility and the printing adaptability are excellent.


There are usually three calculation methods of normalized water-leaving radiance in use of in-water radiometric profile data the local linear regression method is the commonly used one for its simple principle and processing. However this method need manual selection of the regression depth interval the results are mostly affected by subjective factors of processors which can lead to 5%-45% errors with different depth intervals selected. In this paper a statistical method is introduced that calculates all the results of linear regression in the sub-interval of selected depth interval removing the exceptional values of them and the mean of remained values is best result. The other advantage of this method is that we can find the best regression depth intervals in use of the result. At last the author compares the results of processes of three measurements: in-water radiometric profile measurement above-water radiance measurement and the reversion produce of SeaWiFS data at the same time and site the results show that this statistical method is available and looking Es(O+.λ) on as the validation of extrapolation of Ed(O-,λ) is incorrect.


Inconel 718, a nickel-based superalloy widely used in the aviation field, is difficult to machine using traditional methods such as milling. Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a recommended manufacturing method forInconel 718 due to its effective and economical processing characteristics. This paper investigates the dissolution effects on surface integrity in ECM of Inconel 718. Two types of materials with different heat treatments, solid solution, and solution and aging were studied to analyze their electrochemical behavior. They have different metallographic microstructures and precipitate phases. There are many Laves phase (Fe2Nb), δ phase (Ni3Nb), and carbides in material of solid solution state, while there are fewer in material of solution and aging state. Experiments were then performed on these materials under identical ECM conditions. The results show that the surface roughness of the solid-solution material was about Ra 1.378 μm while it was Ra 0.188 μm for the solution and aging material. A dissolution model was proposed to illustrate the electrochemical behavior of solid solution Inconel 718, revealing that the uneven distribution of the metallographic phase and the rich content of the element niobium (Nb) will influence the surface integrity of the ECMed sample. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. [DOI: 10.1149/2.0761816jes]


Aim: Inhaled hypertonic saline increases mucociliary clearance, improves pulmonary function, and decreases exacerbations in cystic fibrosis (CF) but contributes to the already significant treatment burden of CF. Overnight delivery of inhaled medications via a specially designed nasal cannula‐aerosol device (Trans‐nasal Pulmonary Aerosol Delivery [tPAD]) is an alternative approach. Here, we test whether overnight inhalation of hypertonic saline via tPAD improves mucociliary clearance and assess the tolerability of the device.


Restriction digest fingerprinting is a common method for characterizing large insert genomic clones, e.g., bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC), P1 artificial chromosome (PAC) and Fosmid clones. This clone fingerprinting method has been widely applied in the construction of clone‐based physical maps, which have been used as positional cloning resources as well as to support directed and genome‐wide sequencing efforts. This unit describes a robust, large‐scale procedure for generation of agarose gel–based clone fingerprints from BAC clones.


This paper studied the surface modification of light calcium carbonate (L-CaCO3) with titanate coupling agents by FTIR. The effects of activated L-CaCO3 on rhelogical behavior and mechanical properties of PVC composites were discussed. The results showed that the dispersion of L-CaCO3 in PVC and the rhelogical behavior of composites were improved by adding the coupling agent of titanate. The charpy impact strength of the L-CaCO3-filled PVC composite treated with NDZ 101 was increased by 56%, which Was demonstrated by examining the broken surface of specimen with SEM. The relationship between the morphology and properties established was useful for industrial producting.


ITEM TIME PROJECT DESCRIPTION DECISION Y N C I. 6:00 p.m. ROLL CALL II. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE III. APPROVAL OF MINUTES OF MEETING, August 21, 2013 PUBLIC HEARINGS: 1. Public Hearing to consider whether the proposed Town Center Village Apartments, located within the City of El Centro, south of Cruickshank Drive, north of Bradshaw Drive, west of north 8 Street and east of North Imperial Avenue, and East of the existing Lowes/Target shopping center, Assessor's Parcel Number 044-620-045-000, located within the ALUCP Compatibility Map, Figure 3E, Zones B2 and D, is considered consistent with the 1996 Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan (ALUC 8-13) [Norma Villicana, Development Director, City of El Centro, at (760) 337-4545]. 2. Non-Action Items.


Territorial marketing is a fundamental tool in the promotion of places, one that must be present in the strategies of local government representatives, helping and promoting a sustainable economic and social development of the regions. The increasing desertification serves as a basis of concern and object of study as feelings, causes, and motivations of change are at the beginning of the emigration chain. The purpose of this research is to act as a support tool in contexts of public marketing and governmental decisions and to understand the behaviour of the consumer and residents in Montalegre (Portugal). This research includes a non-probabilistic sample (129 validity and reliability surveys). Desertification is present in the minds of both inhabitants and interviewed visitors. It was possible to understand the perception of residents in Montalegre and assess the experience of visitors and the theoretical and practical contributions to local development and public marketing. Implications for future research are also presented.


Bias Temperature Instability (BTI) degradation and recovery with different types of MOL capping layers are investigated in a 20nm Replacement Metal Gate (RMG) CMOS technology. It is found that less compressive RMG capping layers substantially improve reliability and device performance because of less hydrogen within the RMG capping material. The hydrogen content plays an important role in BTI degradation and recovery. Increased hydrogen enhances interface state generation during NBTI stress and suppresses h+ trap activation. This change in interface states has minimal impact on PBTI.


Materials and Methods: Retrospective cohort study on 44 liver transplant recipients, ≥18 years old who received Sofosbuvir (SOF) based antiviral therapy (AVT) at our hospital from January 2012 through May 2016. Multidisciplinary (MDT) approach involving hepatologists, transplant pharmacists and a patient access coordinator was adapted. SVR at 12 and 24 weeks, safety and compliance of SOF based AVT were reported. We also reported on improvement in APRI and CPT score at SVR.


The ultrafast protection speed requirement motivates the adoption of solid-state circuit breakers (SSCBs) for dc shipboard power systems. A 1 kV and 1.5 kA SS dc circuit breaker (DCCB) based on reverse blocking integrated gate commutated thyristor (RB-IGCT) semiconductor technology was designed, built, and tested for dc fault protection of naval dc shipboard power systems. This article presents different aspects and challenges in designing an RB-IGCT based SS DCCB, the selection and design of a selected protection coordination scheme, and the validation test setup and experimental testing results of a single SS DCCB and protection coordination between SS DCCBs. The developed SS DCCB delivers premium fault protection performance and is the solution of choice for demanding dc distribution systems, battery energy storage systems, and other distribution systems with high penetration of power electronics converters. Thanks to the fast fault interruption, the fault energy going through the system is greatly reduced and some components may be designed with lower engineering margins.


In this work we define a new type of soft covering upper approximation operator and study its basic and topological properties. Comparing with other type of soft covering operation, our soft covering upper approximation is more accurate and have more properties. Based on the new type of soft covering upper approximation operator, we give a new kind of soft covering based rough sets. Also we present an example in medicine which determines the risk of prostate cancer. Our aim is to gain results more reasonable by using upper and lower approximations of a new kind of soft covering based rough sets and to help the doctor to determine that the patient needs biopsy or not.


Influence of loanwords on the Russian term system "Computer" dynamics is considered in this article. We have discovered four aspects of dynamics: generation start of term system "Computer" in the Russian language; composition extension of the term system; changing of term system structure; content changing of key concept 'Computer' denominated by an element of the term system.


Death in the Secular City, by Russell AJdwinckle. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans. 1972. 1<J,t pp. $3.95. A Lawyer Among the Theologians, by Norman Anderson. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1973. 240 pp. $3.95. Church Property / Building Guidebook, comp. by T. Lee Anderson. Nashville: Convention Press. 1973. 188 pp. No price given. The Commonweal and American Catholicism, by Rodger Van Allen. Philadelphia: Fortress Press. 1974. 194 pp. $ 4.50. A Suroey of Old Testament Introduction, by Gleason L. Archer, Jr. Chicago: Moody Press. 1974 rev. ed. 528 pp. $7.9.5. Wilderness Voices, by James Armstrong. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1974. 176 pp.$3.50. The Problem of Being Human, by Uoyd J. Averill. Valley Forge: Judson Press, 1974. 224 pp. $ 7.9;;. Life Has Meaning, Thinking and Prayers of John William Bailey, ed. by Louise Herron Bailey. Valley Forge: Judson Press, 1974. 80 pp. $1.95. To Whom Shall We Go? by D. M. Baillie. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1974 reprint. 199 pp. $2.95. Worthy of Death, by William H. Baker. Chicago: Moody Press, 1973. 158 pp.$ 2.25. Myths, Models, and Paradigms, by Ian Barbour. New York: Harper and Row, 1974. 193 pp. $6.9;;. Daily Celebration, Vol. II, by William Barclay. Waco: Word Books, 1973.285 pp.$S.95. Does God Still Guide? by J. Sidlow Baxter. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1971 reprint. 191 pp. $ I.!);). The Master Theme of the Bible, Grateful Studies in the Comprehensive Saviorhood of Our Lord Jesus Christ, by J. Sidlow Baxter. Wheaton: Tyndale House, 1973. 336 pp. $ 4.95. Defining America, by Robert Benne and Philip Hefner. Philadelphia: Fortress Press. 1974. 1flO pp. $3.75. Abingdon Marriage Manual, by Perry H. Biddle. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1974. 2S0 pp. $4.9:'). A Help to the Study of the Holy Spirit, by William E. Biederwolf. Grand Rapids: Baker Book HOIL~e, 1974 reprint. 127 pp. $ 1.95. Wellsprings of Renewal: Promise in Christian Communal Life, by Donald G. Bloesch. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1974. 124 pp. $3.25. The Seed of the Church in China, by Muriel Boone. Philadelphia: United Church Press, 1973. 2117 pp. $6.95. Living Through Loving, Reflections on Letters of the New Testament, by Leslie F. Brandt. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1974. 80 pp. $.95. Readings in the Philosophy of Religion: The Analytic Approach. by Baruch A. Brody. Englewood Oiffs: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1974. 688 pp. $11.95. Essential Themes, Thought Starters for Special Occasions, by Keith L. Brooks. Chicago: Mmdy Press, 1974 rev. ed. 96 pp. $1.50. Iesussnd Christian Origins Outside the New Testament, by F. F. Bruce. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1974. 216 pp. $3.4S. The Social History of the Reformation, by Laurence Buck and Jonathan Zophy. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1972.376 pp. $12.50. The Velvet Covered Brick, by Howard Butt. New York: Harper and Row, 1974. 186 pp.$.').!);). The Power of Prayer Today, by George A. Buttrick. Waco: Word Books, 1970. 73 pp.$1.9,'). Locked in a Room With Open Doors, by Ernest T. Campbell. Waco: Word Books. 1974. 1110 pp. $5.95. Hunting the Divine Fox, Images and Mystery in Christian Faith. by Robert Farrar Capon. i'll'W York: Seabury Press / A Crossroad Book. 1974. 167 pp.$S.95. Godis My Pilot, Meditations, by John W. Coffey, Jr. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, Inc.. 197:1. gg pp. $2.S0.


The purpose of this article is to inspect and review the effects of trust, quality of the services and the value of the services on customers' satisfaction and loyalty in the deputations of Iran Insurance Co. in Rasht City. The customers of Iran Insurance Co. in Rasht City comprise the statistical population of this survey. To determine the sample size, non-probability sampling method available to the statistical population was used and the sample size was determined 212. To investigate the validity of this survey, one-dimensional structure (component) method and the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis was used. Cronbach's alpha Test was used to determine the reliability of the survey. After collecting data and information by Inferential statistical, structural equation test was used with the help of LISREL Software. The data gathered then was analyzed by SPSS software. The findings of this survey show that the functional, social, emotional values and the customers' satisfaction of the insurance brands play a key role on the improvement of the customers' tendencies.


By introduction of 2-methyl-1,5-diaminopentane (DAP) and 1,4-diaminobutane (DAB) as templated ions, three new amine-templated organophosphonate open-framework compounds [H2DAP][Zn6(Hhedp)2(hedp)2]·4H2O, I, [H2DAB][Zn6(Hhedp)2(hedp)2]·4H2O, II, and [H2DAB][Zn3(hedp)2]·2H2O, III, have been synthesized, structurally analyzed, and characterized for the first time. Both compounds I and II have analogous 2-D sheet structure connecting through metal and diphosphonates (1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid), while the templated amines are different in the framework. Compound III consists of Zn ions and diphosphonate ligands with templated DAB, forming three-dimensional framework with interconnected 4-T, 8-T, and 12-T ring channels. To the best of our knowledge, such structural modifications with coordination variation of metal ions applying the same amine have never been reported in the organophosphonate family. The presence of mixed metal as well as different aliphatic amines plays a crucial role for the struct...


PurposeIn many societies, environmental problems have had some negative impacts on both social and economic features with issues like capital structure seriously affected. In this write-up, an attempt has been made to pinpoint the influence of the combined effects of integrated reporting and financial leverage on the value of a firm. In most emerging markets, investment is heavily dependent on foreign capital inflow which is mainly in the form of financial leverage. It is, therefore, necessary to know how this shapes the net worth of firms in which they are invested. Shareholders' fund is a major factor in determining the level of investment and economic stability of a nation and consequently improvements in sustainable development. Hence, the moderating role of financial leverage in the integrated reporting-shareholders' funds relationship aims to warrant this research.Design/methodology/approachAll listed firms on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) as of 31st December 2021 were affected by this research. Filtering resulted in the use of 77 companies as a sample for the study covering a period of 12 years (2010–2021) with a total of 788 observations. Analyses of data were done through line graphs to show the trend and flow of disclosures between 2010 and 2021. Furthermore, linear regression was also applied to help determine the multiple effects of financial leverage and integrated reporting on shareholders' funds.FindingsThe outcomes showed that economic disclosure was 100% throughout the period of observation as opposed to environmental and social disclosures which, fluctuate throughout the period with an average of slightly over 55%. It was also discovered that a low but significant financial leverage moderated the interaction of integrated reporting on shareholders' funds.Practical implicationsStakeholders and policymakers should, therefore, put in place rules, regulations, standards, structures and administrative networks to enable firms to comply with local rules, guidelines and upgraded standards of international worth on sustainability issues.Originality/valueThis research explores the problem of the effects of integrated reporting on investment capital as it affects developing economies. Results from this study could go a long way in narrowing the lack of interest in sustainability issues by prospective investors coupled with the low level of environmental and social reporting by firms in African economies that are mostly underdeveloped.


This study is aimed at determining the presence of Escherichia coli and characterizing the availability of Shiga toxin gene in beef meat samples imported from South Africa. Meat samples (n=47) were randomly collected from meat sections at different supermarkets in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) from the beginning of August 2016 till the end of March 2017. Samples were diluted and inoculated on MacConkey agar and Eosin methylene blue agar (EMB), and the colony forming units (CFU) were recorded. API 20E identification kit was used for biochemical identification of E. coli. Detection of the 16S rRNA and shiga toxin genes by PCR amplification was done. Our results revealed that 14 (29.7%) out of the total 47 samples were positive for E. coli. The bacterial burden of E. coli as determined by colony growth showed variable level of contamination. From the PCR amplification, the shiga toxin gene carried by the E. coli is the Stx2 gene. This study revealed moderately high contamination levels of E. coli in beef samples imported from South Africa and marketed in UAE which mostly carries the shiga toxin gene Stx2.This study is aimed at determining the presence of Escherichia coli and characterizing the availability of Shiga toxin gene in beef meat samples imported from South Africa. Meat samples (n=47) were randomly collected from meat sections at different supermarkets in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) from the beginning of August 2016 till the end of March 2017. Samples were diluted and inoculated on MacConkey agar and Eosin methylene blue agar (EMB), and the colony forming units (CFU) were recorded. API 20E identification kit was used for biochemical identification of E. coli. Detection of the 16S rRNA and shiga toxin genes by PCR amplification was done. Our results revealed that 14 (29.7%) out of the total 47 samples were positive for E. coli. The bacterial burden of E. coli as determined by colony growth showed variable level of contamination. From the PCR amplification, the shiga toxin gene carried by the E. coli is the Stx2 gene. This study revealed moderately high contamination levels of E. coli in beef sa...


This paper presents a technique to reproduce, by a twodimensional moveable-bed model, beach change due to the timedependent storm waves which are generated by the passage of an atmospheric depression. In the model test, scaling conditions for sand grain-size, vertical and horizontal lengths, and wave height and period characteristics were established by applying the authors' scale-model relationship which was reported; and wave duration time also was decided. A method of employing regular waves in the model to represent irregular waves in the field is proposed. From the results, it was shown that the model can reproduce well the beach change in the field using the regular waves having the mean wave properties in the irregular waves.


Aiming at the characteristic of high-dimensionality and sparseness in binary data set,proposes the finite mixtures of Bernoulli distributions model for finding projected clusters fast.EM algorithm is the important method of iterative parameters,and the degree of good or bad with EM algorithm lies on initial parameters.As far as the finite mixtures of Bernoulli distributions model,there have been lots of researches about it.However,in EM algorithm,the initial parameters affect the clustering performance directly.Therefore,this paper introduced Binning method and computed parameters through changing the comparability measurement between dates and selection style about core-point,in order to reduce the dependence of the clustering for initial parameters.Experiment demonstrates the algorithm is efficient and accurate.


The present research paper deals with enumeration and systematic survey of plant species of family Asteraceae which are observed in the area of Sabarmati river of Gujarat state ,India. Plant exploration was conducted to de- termine plant species of family Asteraceae .Taxonomic position of these plant species is described in various available Floras .Plant species of family Asteraceae from Sabarmati riverbed -riverside area, have been listed systematically which counts 23 species of 21 genera ,These plant species grown mostly as wild, and known as weed plants.


One part of the solution to the problem of climate change is the use of wind energy for electricity generation. Onshore wind farms usually consist of a number of horizontal axis wind turbines closely spaced in clusters and they are often sited on complex terrain. Various models have been developed in the past to estimate the wake effects and optimize the siting of a wind farm, but they were mainly developed and validated for flat terrain and not for complex terrain sites. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) can be a useful tool towards the understanding of wake behavior on complex terrain. The present work involves the use of FLUENT 6.3 commercial CFD code to study the wake interaction of two wind turbines closely spaced next to each other at the top of an ideal Gaussian hill. Contact person: Alexandros Makridis, Institute for Energy Systems – University of Edinburgh, Mayfield road, Kings Buildings, EH9 3JL, Edinburgh, telephone: +447833521488, FAX: +44 (0)131 6506554. E-mail: email@example.com CFD Modeling of the wake interactions of two wind turbines on a Gaussian hill Alexandros Makridis, John Chick Institute for Energy Systems, University of Edinburgh – firstname.lastname@example.com – Kings Buildings, Edinburgh – Institute for Energy Systems, University of Edinburgh – email@example.com – Kings Buildings, Edinburgh


In this paper, a new quasi-transverse electromagnetic (TEM) microstrip line, named as packaged microstrip line, is proposed for microwave and millimeter-wave applications. It is comprised of three dielectric substrates: a base layer to place the metal strip, a top layer to build the perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) shielding with periodic plated vias, and a middle layer to separate the PMC layer from the metal strip and the bottom ground plane. With the top PMC shielding, this novel microstrip line no longer suffers from issues of radiation losses, surface waves, or cavity resonances that exist in the classical microstrip line without or with a metallic shielding box. Also, the unwanted higher order mode created in the stripline by any vertical asymmetry between the ground planes will not be generated in the packaged microstrip line. In addition, the fundamental quasi-TEM mode will help this novel line avoid the mode conversion losses when integrated with other quasi-TEM lines, which happen to the substrate-integrated waveguide due to its fundamental TE10 mode. This paper focuses on the effects of the PMC-layer substrate on this line performance. We present how to adopt a proper substrate for each layer of the packaged microstrip line considering both stopband and transmission loss, and how to design the linewidth for a given characteristic impedance. Two different transition schemes of the packaged microstrip line to the standard microstrip line are taken into account. Two prototypes of the proposed packaged microstrip lines using different substrates for the PMC layer are fabricated. The measured and simulated results show good agreement.


A great many of the putative psychological and behavioral differences between males and females have never been scientifically established. Thus, it is plainly inappropriate for students of political behavior simply to assume such differences. The theoretical status of the sex variable must be wholly reconsidered. In that spirit, the present research examined the psychological and behavioral differences between matched samples of male and female judges serving on major state trial courts. Significant personality differences were not found. Declining differences in reproductive success were evident. On the whole, it seems that sex is less influential with respect to the behavior central to the judicial role than are many other biological and psychological factors.


Abstract : This report presents the results of archeological monitoring of the Jackson Avenue to Thalia Street floodwall alignment, along the Mississippi River in New Orleans, Louisiana. The project area is located on a point bar upriver from the Vieux Carre, where continuous lateral accretion has increased the land area on the left descending (east) bank since the original settlement of the City of New Orleans. Work consisted of the monitoring of the general contractor's preconstruction trench within the floodwall right-of-way. Two sites were designated along the alignment: 16 OR 117 was found at the foot of St. James Street, and 16 OR 116 was located at the foot of Robin Street (presently Euterpe Street). These sites consisted of late nineteenth century artifact deposits and structural remains. The artifacts found at 16 OR 116 appear to derive from the area's use as a nuisance wharf; this site is considered to be eligible for nomination to or inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places (36 CFR 60.4). No further work is recommended at this time. Site 16 OR 117 demonstrates that a wharf or a similar structure was located at the foot of St. James Street. The few artifacts that were collected at this site appear to have been associated with the structure that was present. This site is not significant according to the National Register criteria and no further work is warranted. Keywords: Building sites; Archeology; Flood control.


Catalytic activity of Pd@PANI was improved by W-doping to afford a significantly elevated TON at >104. This finding provides a method to reduce the cost of Pd catalyst for industrial applications.


In this paper, the problem of delay-dependent robust stability of neutral systems with mixed-delay and time-varying structured uncertainties is investigated under the condition of $h$ ≥ τ. Different from the existing researches, the mixed-delays are sufficiently used to construct an augmented Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional(LKF). Based this LKF, the Wirtinger-based integral inequality is employed to deal with the derivative of this functional. Numerical examples illustrate the improvement this approach provides over previous methods.


Obstetric hemorrhage remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. It is important to recognize that excessive bleeding may become life threatening if not identified early. Importance must be paid to recognition of the cause of bleeding and appropriate intervention. Hemorrhage can be antepartum or postpartum. Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach for positive outcomes including collaboration of anesthesiologists with the obstetrician, neonatologist, and interventional/surgical services. Anesthesiologists should be involved in the management of all stages of hemorrhage for an effective approach. Use of national guidelines and checklists is recommended to ensure timely diagnosis and management. In this chapter, we review the different types of obstetric hemorrhage, the stages of hemorrhage, the general management plan, as well as specific considerations for each cause. We include multidisciplinary guidelines and algorithms that can be used to guide management.


Podocytes are dynamic polarized cells on the surface of glomerular capillaries that are an essential part of the glomerular filtration barrier. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key regulator of glucose and fatty acid metabolism, plays a major role in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Accumulating evidence suggests that TRPC6 channels are crucial mediators of calcium transport in podocytes and are involved in regulating glomerular filtration barrier. Here we investigated whether the AMPK-TRPC6 pathway is involved in insulin-dependent cytoskeleton reorganization and glucose uptake in cultured rat podocytes. Insulin regulates the interaction of TRPC6 with AMPKα2 in cultured rat podocytes The results suggested a key role for the TRPC6 channel in the mediation of insulin-dependent activation of AMPKα2, actin cytoskeleton reorganization and glucose uptake in podocyte. Moreover, AMPK and TRPC6 activation were required to stimulate the Rac1 signaling pathway. These results suggest a potentially important new mechanism that regulates glucose transport in podocytes and that could be injurious during diabetes.