Introduction/Background Borderline ovarian Brenner tumours (BOBTs) represent less than 0,01% of all ovarian cancers with good prognosis. Average age at presentation is 50. We revised the literature to improve our counselling. Methodology We reviewed three databases (Medline, LILACS, Central Cochrane Library) and found six case series and ten case reports with a total number of 58 cases. Results Four cases are reported under 40 years. Only two cases of fertility sparing surgery (FSS) by unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were performed, and only one case of spontaneous pregnancy is described (table 1). In this last case, BOBTs appeared at ultrasound as a four centimetres multilocular anechoic cyst with a papillary projection. Table 2 shows the good prognosis of this tumour: only two cases of recurrence were reported. Conclusion Good prognosis of BOBTs supports FSS. However, literature is scarce on BOBTs due to its low prevalence. The prevalence is even lesser in young women which explains the only two cases of FSS. For serous and mucinous borderline tumours, a bilateral cystectomy for bilateral tumours or unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (or even cystectomy) for unilateral tumours is widely accepted as the treatment to propose to patients willing to conceive. The recurrence rate is higher but the overall survival doesn't change. In these cases, completion surgery is a controversial point. Follow up is commonly intensified in first two years. The same aptitude can be proposed to BOBTs even in the absence of strong studies. Disclosure Nothing to disclose. Abstract EP669 Table 1 Overall BOBTs, Fertility Sparing Surgery and subsequent pregnancy Articles Cases (N.) Diagnosis ≤40 years Fertility Sparing Surgery Pregnancy Hallgrìmsson 1972, Roth 1985, Uzan 2012, Dierickx 2012, Takahama 2004, Chia 2009, Wang 2010, Aoun 2014, De Cecio 2014, Klasa 2014, Morales-Palacios 2016, Albu 2016 33 0 - - Miles 1972 7 1(a) Yes NK Woodruff 1981 10 1 No - Cuatrecasas 2009 7 1 No(b) - Garofalo 2019 1 1 Yes Yes Total 58 4 2 1 NK: not known; (a): median age 50 (three premenopausal and one at 30 years); (b): FIGO 2A, bilateral Abstract EP669 Table 2 Overall BOBTs and their recurrences Articles Cases (N.) Recurrence Months to recurrence Hallgrìmsson 1972, Miles 1972, Roth 1985, Cuatrecasas 2009, Chia 2009, Aoun 2014, De Cecio 2014, Morales-Palacios 2016, Albu 2016, Garofalo 2019 33 0(a,b) - Woodruff 1981, Dierickx 2012, Takahama 2004, Wang 2010 14 NK - Uzan 2012 10 1(b) 50 Klasa 2014 1 1(b) 24 Total 58 2 - NK: not known; (a) information not for all the cases; (b)data not updated to 2019


Cylindrical Inconel 718 specimens are compressed dynamically at temperatures ranging from -150 to 550°C and strain rates in the range 1000 to 5000 s using a compressive split Hopkinson pressure bar. It is found that the flow stress increases with increasing strain rate, but decreases with increasing temperature. The highest work hardening rate is observed in the specimen impacted at the lowest temperature (-150°C) and the highest strain rate (5000 s). However, the work hardening rate is weakened by the deformation-induced temperature rise under high strain and strain rate conditions. The strain rate sensitivity increases with increasing strain rate, but decreases with increasing temperature. The activation energy varies as a function of the strain rate and temperature, and has a maximum value of 40 kJ/mol. The greatest thermal softening effect occurs at the highest strain rate of 5000 s and temperatures in the range -150~25°C. The microstructural observations confirm that the mechanical response of the Inconel 718 specimens is directly related to the effects of the strain rate and temperature on the evolution of the impacted microstructure.


An experimental study of scour countermeasures for spill-through abutments situated on the flood plain of a compound channel is reported. The purpose of the study was to determine the variations in the scour hole geometry under clear water conditions by varying the compound channel and abutment geometries, and to determine the extent and type of scour countermeasure toe protection provided. This approach avoids one of the inherent difficulties in conducting scour countermeasure experiments—that is, the subjectivity of determining whether the countermeasure used in the experiment is a success or a failure. Riprap and cable-tied block countermeasures are incorporated. The results show that for most cases, as the countermeasure apron width (i.e., the extent of toe protection) is increased, the scour hole is deflected further away from the abutment and reduces in size. However, for abutment and compound channel configurations where the scour hole forms close to the main channel bank, the scour hole increases ...


Abstract Opioids are the mainstay of treatment for moderate to severe cancer pain. The variations in average monthly cost can make it difficult for most patients to procure them without adequate insurance coverage. There are increasing numbers of denials of payment and statements made by insurance agents and other sources regarding inappropriate opioid use, resulting in severe pain and emotional distress for cancer patients and their families. This case series describes five events where the insurer was a major barrier to opioid access.


A method for improving a position sensing system which measures a rotating object is presented. In one embodiment, the method outputs the position of the rotating object while the object is rotating, and the method follows an external command on the sensor output line when the object is not rotating to output information other than the position information.


The surface and subsurface conditions of components are critical for their functional properties. Every manufacturing process modifies the surface condition as a consequence of its mechanical, chemical, and thermal impact or combinations of the three. The depth of the affected zone varies for different machining operations and is related to the process parameters and characteristics. Furthermore, the initial material state has a decisive influence on the modifications that lead to the final surface conditions. With this knowledge, the collaborative research center CRC/Transregio 136 "Process Signatures" started a first joint investigation to analyze the influence of several machining operations on the surface modifications of uniformly premanufactured samples in a broad study. The present paper focusses on four defined process chains which were analyzed in detail regarding the resulting surface conditions as a function of the initial state. Two different workpiece geometries of the same initial material (AISI 4140, 42CrMo4 (1.7225) classified according to DIN EN ISO 683-2) were treated in two different heat treating lines. Samples annealed to a ferritic-perlitic microstructure were additionally deep rolled as starting condition. Quenched and tempered samples were induction hardened before further process application. These two states were then submitted to six different manufacturing processes, i.e., grinding (with mainly mechanical or thermal impact), precision turning (mainly mechanical), laser processing (mainly thermal), electrical discharge machining (EDM, mainly thermal) and electrochemical machining (ECM, (mainly chemical impact). The resulting surface conditions were investigated after each step of the manufacturing chain by specialized analysis techniques regarding residual stresses, microstructure, and hardness distribution. Based on the process knowledge and on the systematic characterizations, the characteristics and depths of the material modifications, as well as their underlying mechanisms and causes, were investigated. Mechanisms occurring within AISI 4140 steel (42CrMo4) due to thermal, mechanical or mixed impacts were identified as work hardening, stress relief, recrystallization, re-hardening and melting, grain growth, and rearrangement of dislocations.


Summary form only given. In the past, several things limited the wider application of suffix trees: large memory requirements; limited locality of reference; the conceptual difficulty of the algorithms; and lack of available code; lack of general exposure in the bioinformatics community (and even the computer science community) to suffix trees. Much has changed since 1997. Suffix trees and close relatives are now widely taught in graduate level courses on computer algorithms and on bioinformatics; there are several good expositions on suffix tree algorithms and uses; the space requirements have been substantially reduced; machine memories have greatly increased; additional variants of suffix trees have been introduced that address some of their deficiencies; and suffix tree code is publicly available. As a result, and to some extent as a cause, there are now many more applications in bioinformatics of suffix trees and related data structures. The author addresses the wider uses of suffix trees in bioinformatics.


The increased disk rotational velocity to improve the data transfer rate has raised up many serious problems in its servo control system which should control the position and velocity of a spot relative to a rotating disk. This paper proposes gain-scheduling-based track-seek control for single stage actuator of hard disk drives. Gain scheduling is a technique that can extend the validity of the linearization approach to a range of operating points and one of the most popular approaches to nonlinear control design. The proposed method schedules controller gains to improve the transient response and minimize overshoot during the functions of the read/write head positioning servomechanism for the seek control. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated through stability analysis and simulation results.


Methemoglobin catalyzes the hydrogen peroxide dependent oxidation of styrene to styrene oxide. An alkylperoxy radical formed from the combination of molecular oxygen with an amino acid radical at the protein surface has been proposed as the actual oxidant. This model predicts that access to the heme crevice is not a requirement for oxidation. The oxidation of benzo(a)pyrene-7.8-dihydro-diol, a substrate whose steric bulk makes access into the heme crevice unlikely, has been examined to further test this hypothesis. Anti-trans-benzo(a)pyrene-7,8,9,10-tetrol is isolated from the incubation of B(a)P-diol in the presence of methemoglobin and H/sub 2/O/sub 2/. The exclusive formation of this tetrol supports a peroxidative epoxidation mechanism analogous to that for lipid peroxy radical oxidation of the title compound. The oxidation of conjugated fatty acids by the methemoglobin/H/sub 2/O/sub 2/ system further supports the hypothesis that oxidation of compounds occurs at protein surface and not in the heme crevice as previously suspected.


Tasamuh is part of a commendable attitude in association, mutual respect and tolerance between one another starting from opinions, views, beliefs, and habits, with tasamuh being able to respect the differences in society or the nation better especially in countries that have a complex culture such as Indonesia. Tasamuh is an attitude that is highly emphasized in Islam. If this tasamuh of multicultural Islamic education in bahtsul masail, it can become a conference scientific treasure. In this study, the researcher intends to describe, analyze, provide interpretations about; tasamuh of multicultural Islamic education attitudes in bahtsul masail,  tasamuh of multicultural Islamic education in bahtsul masail, and multicultural Islamic education values can reinforce the tasamuh bahtsul masail attitude at the Bahtsul Masail Nahdlatul Ulama Institute in East Java. The method that used in this research is qualitative ethnographic type, data collection techniques with participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The analysis by Miles and Huberman what is called data reduction. After the data was obtained, it was analyzed using descriptive-qualitative method. Next, the conclusions are formulated using deductive methods. To checking the validity of the data used triangulation techniques, member checks, and discussions with colleagues. The result of research in the field show that the values of tasamuh in bahtsul masail can be proven in the form of: tolerance, ta'awwun (help each other), patient and forgiving, friendly (friendly and gentle), easy to accept and respect others, and keep hanging out in a good way even if it's different. The form of tasamuh behavior that the researchers found in the bahtsul masail were; be generous in all differences, foster a sense of compassion for others, avoid acts of violence and chaos, increase human dignity, maintain social norms and customs, and foster an attitude of responsibility. Multicultural Islamic education values that found in affirming the tasamuh bahtsul masail behavior are in the form of; habituation with al-hiwar (debate dialogue) al-amtsal (parables and images), al-ta'awwud (self-habituation), al-uswah (exemplary), al-ibrah wal-mau'idhah (likeness and reasoning), al-targhib wat-tarhib (pleasing and frightening), as well as with solawat and dhikr.


Natural neutralization of acidic mining lakes is usually limited by the availability of organic carbon. We investigated whether benthic photosynthesis could contribute to primary production in an acidic mining lake (pH 2.6). The occurrence and light dependence of benthic photosynthesis in the lake was investigated using oxygen microelectrodes. Oxygen microprofiles measured in light and darkness were significantly different, indicating photosynthetic activity. The photic zone was 300 μm thick and the highest photosynthetic activity was found at the sediment surface, which was covered by a dense layer of diatoms. These algae, predominantly Eunotia spp. and Pinnularia obscura, were found to be adapted to low light intensities. The community compensation irradiance was 6.8 μE m−2 s−1, corresponding to an annual mean compensation depth of 1.8 m. These results imply that 13% of the lake area could have a net efflux of oxygen from the sediment. Even at an irradiance as low as 1.2 μE m−2 s−1, photosynthetic activity was detected. The relatively low light requirements for benthic photosynthesis in this acidic environment may be due to an efficient absorption of red light, the dominant wavelength available in this ferric iron‐rich lake. Our results suggest that benthic photosynthesis can play an important role in the biogeochemistry of acidic mining lakes.


The interrelation of language, culture and authentic speech behavior on the example of correspondence on the international social network is considered.


Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular obligate parasite that causes toxoplasmosis in warm- blooded animals including humans. The transmission of the disease is usually attributed to ingestion of undercooked or raw meat products. The aim of this study was to detection of Toxoplasma gondii in meat products using molecular method in East Azerbaijan-North West of Iran. DNA was extracted from 164 meat product samples obtained from 15 commercial establishments. Nested-polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for Toxoplasma gondii SAG2 locus was used for detection of the parasite in samples. Toxoplasma gondii DNA was detected in 25%, 20.3%, 21.8%, and 32.8%, in salami, sausage, hamburger, kebab samples, respectively. The results of this study indicated high prevalence of Toxoplasma contamination in food products in study region


Headbox is a critical part of paper machine.The formation property of paper is greatly influenced by headbox performance.In hydraulic headbox,a stilling chamber is used as a rectifier of pulp flow.Submerged jet in stilling chamber renders pulp flow an even velocity profile.The length of stilling chamber is a key parameter.Based on the realizable k-e turbulent model,the flow field of stilling chamber in hydraulic headbox was numerically simulated with software Fluent.The results of numerical simulation were verified by PIV,and the measurement results agreed well with the numerical results.Statistical theory was used to calculate the standard deviation of flow velocity on the cross sections of stilling chamber.The value of standard deviation was used to evaluate the uniformity of flow velocity.The length of stilling chamber(L)was calculated at different values of manifold tube diameter(d)and inlet velocity(v).The results showed that L increased linearly with increasing d and v.Binary function was used to fit the relationship between L and d,v.The function could be used as a reference for designing stilling chamber of hydraulic headbox.


Although genes play a role in the pathophysiology of asthma, the genotypic variants that permit the development of asthma are common and lifestyle and environment are the limiting factors determining the prevalence of asthma. There is now strong evidence for a widespread increase in the prevalence of asthma over the last 30 years at least, and evidence is emerging that the prevalence of asthma varies widely between different populations, even in countries that have adopted a "Western lifestyle". Much of this variation is due to variation in the prevalence of sensitization to common allergens, but the causes of this variation are also unclear. There is an excess mortality in those with asthma, predominantly in the older age group. Attempts to improve the management of the disease throught better delivery of services are still largely unevaluated.J Epidemiol, 1996 ; 6 : S43-S47.


The e-PCA has been proposed to reduce the dimension of the parameters of probability distributions using Kullback information as a distance between two distributions. It also provides a framework for dealing with various data types such as binary and integer for which the Gaussian assumption on the data distribution is inappropriate. In this paper, we introduce a latent variable model for the e-PCA. Assuming the discrete distribution on the latent variable leads to mixture models whose parameters are constrained to the lower-dimensional subspace of exponentialfamily distributions. We derive a learning algorithm for those mixture models based on the variational Bayes method applying Laplace's method to carry out clustering on an arbitrary subspace. Combined with the estimation of the subspace, the resulting algorithm performs simultaneous dimensionality reduction and clustering.


In 2009, Wang et al. proposed a dynamic ID-based remote user authentication scheme without any verification table which provides user anonymity and resists stolen-verifier and DOS attacks. However, Khan et al. pointed out that Wang et al.'s scheme cannot achieve user anonymity. Further, Khan et al. proposed an improved scheme to overcome the mentioned defect. In this paper, we first demonstrate that Khan et al.'s scheme is vulnerable to stolen-verifier and DOS attacks and propose a new authentication scheme without any verification table. The proposed scheme not only achieves user anonymity but also resists replay, stolen-verifier, and DOS attacks.


Rapid growth in the urban areas such as Houston in Texas is leading to construction of civil infrastructure facilities, including bridges and highways on soft clays. Identify the pockets of soft clays and their consolidation properties are critical for designing facilities with no stability and settlement problems. In this study, soft clays are characterized based on their mineralogy, physical and mechanical properties. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies were performed to investigate the mineral composition and microstructure of the clays respectively. Both CL and CH soft clays are present in the Houston area. Based on over 100 data sets, statistical mean, standard deviation, variance and coefficient of variance and distribution of properties and property correlations for the CL and CH soft clays have been developed. The natural moisture content of 97% of the soft clay was lower than the liquid limit. Overestimation of settlement on overconsolidated soft clays may require ground improvement before construction with added delay and cost to a project. Since the soft soil shear strength is low, the structures on the soft soils are generally designed so that the increase in stress is relatively small and the total stress in the ground will be close to the pre-consolidation pressure. Hence the recompression index, determined from a consolidation test is very important parameter in estimating the settlement. Although recompression index has been quantified in the literature, its determination may not be applicable to all soft soils in its current form. The influence of stress level on the recompression index is not clearly quantified. This study also focused on developing methods for determining the recompression index of over-consolidated soft clay soils. Based on the methods used to determine the recompression index, over 750% difference in the minimum and maximum Cr values was observed for the Houston area soft clay..


Valproate (VPA) has been used clinically for more than 40 years and remains one of the most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drugs. With the advances of various scientific disciplines, much new information about this drug has been uncovered. The aim of this review is to summarize new knowledge about the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenomics (3Ps) of VPA for future applications and studies. The review was identified nonsystematically using Pubmed, Google Scholar, and open-access search engines, and studies on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenomics of VPA between 2012 and 2022 were included. Recent findings on pharmacokinetic information, including factors associated with serum VPA levels and its interaction with new drugs. On the other hand, VPA was found to have a neuroprotective effect that is beneficial in brain disorders as well as in patients with c stroke. With respect to the lungs, it has been found to reduce the risk of acute respiratory failure. Recent risk data linked VPA use to hepatotoxicity, vitamin D deficiency, prolonged QT interval, and insulin resistance, among others. Various gene polymorphisms such as CYP2C9 and UGT1A6 are some polymorphisms that may cause dose alteration in the population. The compilation of the 3Ps of VPA revealed new drug information indicating the need for further evaluation. These include new uses and benefits, toxicity data including acute and chronic use, and the involvement of genetic polymorphisms in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug.


B3LYP density functional theory (DFT) and MM3 molecular mechanics/dynamics are used to model the flexibility of the building blocks of poly(phenyleneethynylene)s, which are rod-like segmented polymers usually assumed to be strongly rigid, with well-defined, highly fluorescent fragments and beneficial material properties like electroluminescence and large nonlinear optical hyperpolarizabilities. Whereas the DFT-calculated torsional barriers of the building block molecules 2,2′-bipyridine and some tolane derivatives give insight into weak intramolecular effects in these molecules, the much less detailed MM3 barriers are nevertheless of sufficient quality to use MM3 for polymer modeling. From MM3 molecular dynamics gas phase and water box simulations at different temperatures, insight into the time-dependent behavior of the model compounds was obtained as well as the conditions at which cis–trans isomerizations occur. It turns out that these formally rigid polymers are quite flexible and do not at all possess strictly coplanar aryl rings over time, significantly decreasing the effective conjugation length. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 84: 86–98, 2001


We study the hysteresis of magnetoresistance in the bilayer ν = 4/3 and monolayer ν = 2/3 quantum Hall states (QHSs), where ν is the Landau level filling factor, in order to understand the mechanism of dynamic nuclear polarizations (DNPs) that affects transport properties of GaAs/AlAs two-dimensional electron gas system. Basically hysteresis around the bilayer ν = 4/3 is resulted in the monolayer ν = 2/3 in each layer. However, we also find hysteresis that appears around the bilayer ν = 1 QHS region caused by the strong effects of DNPs as a consequence of the sweep over ν = 2/3 QHS in one layer. These findings suggest the effects of nuclear spin polarizations in the bilayer QHSs over a wide range of filling factors.


The article deals with some questions involving the generation, processing, marketing and management of knowledge and information, oriented to Latin America and the Caribbean small and medium size enterprises, that can be useful for both information professionals and entrepreneurs.


This article examines the conceptual framework of the social amplification of risk in relation to the social sciences framework of moral panic and the media violence debate in Britain. The paper will explore the symbolic use of 'risk' in relation to the alleged negative effects of media violence, and analyse the key stages in the social amplification of the physical and moral risks of media violence. Specific risk events in Britain, such as the death of James Bulger in 1993, or the Dunblane massacre in 1996, have particular event characteristics which inform the flow of information about the alleged risks of media violence, and influence political legislation and censorship. Analysis of the social amplification of the risks of media violence provides evidence of the ways in which the media, politicians and anti-violence campaign groups become social amplification stations. These organizations manipulate risk events to control information flows about stigmatized examples of popular culture and media audiences, with the aim to create a 'safer' moral and cultural environment.


The adoption of digitisation has transformed organisations to become entirely reliant on information systems to function, writes Naveen Madhavan PhD MBCS, Senior Product Specialist (pathology) at Digital Health and Care Wales.


Three title compounds were designed and synthesized in high yields as novel and simple anion receptors. They had a higher selectivity for F− over AcO−. The binding properties for anions of the receptors were examined by UV-Vis and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The spectrographic data indicate that a 1:1 stoichiometry complex is formed between the receptors and the anions through hydrogen bonding interactions in DMSO solution. In addition, these molecular tweezers receptors have more binding points of anions, larger association constant, and better recognition ability. They can be used as better recognition receptors for F− and CH3COO−.


Uniqueness and distinctiveness of localities (referred to as genius loci or sense of place) are important to ensure people's identification with their locality. Existing frameworks reveals that the affective dimension of environments is rarely mentioned or explored and limited public participation was used in constructing the frameworks. This research argues that the complexity of sense of place would be recognised and appropriate planning guidelines formulated by exploring and integrating the affective dimension of a site. Aims of the research therefore are to (i) explore relational dimensions between people and a natural rural landscape, (ii) to implement a participatory approach to obtain insight into different relational dimensions, and (ii) to concretise socio-affective relational dimensions into site planning guidelines. A qualitative, interdisciplinary research approach was followed and conducted on the farm Kromdraai, Vredefort Dome World Heritage Site. In essence the first phase of the study reveals various affective responses and projections of personal meanings. The findings in phase 1 informed the second phase, to involve people from various disciplines and different involvement with the area to make visual presentations of appropriate planning and design of the site in order to capture meanings of the interactions between people and their environment. Final site planning and design guidelines were formulated, based on these. This research contributed to provide planners with new possibilities of exploring the dimensions between people and places as well as to develop appropriate methods for participation to obtain insight into the underlying meanings of sites. Keywords—Affective dimension, Sense of place, spatial planning, Vredefort Dome World Heritage Site.


The power transmission system of wind turbine is the core component of wind turbine, and its operation reliability plays a vital role in the whole wind turbine. In order to study its kinematic characteristics and fault mechanism, firstly, the three-dimensional model of power transmission system of wind power generation device is established by using SolidWorks; Then, the kinematics simulation analysis of the power transmission system of wind power generation device is carried out by using SolidWorks Motion module. The error between the simulation value of each shaft angular velocity and the theoretical calculation value is within 0.14%, which verifies the correctness of the model; Finally, based on the SolidWorks Motion module, the angular velocity and acceleration of the planetary gear train after the broken teeth are analyzed. It is concluded that the angular velocity is generally stable, but the angular acceleration fluctuates greatly, the noise is large, and the dynamic performance is poor. The research results have certain reference significance for the fault research and diagnosis of fan speed increase box.


Part of a larger research program studying communication in the cockpit, this study investigated the occurrence of mitigation, that is, the use of linguistic forms that convey propositional content without giving offense, arzi its relationship to aviation accidents. The data were from flight-recorder accident transcripts containing observable degradation or failure of crew coordination that was actually or potentially critical to flight completion. Initial analysis or the data suggested several hypotheses concerning the use of mitigation, and quantitative measures were developed and validated. The findings supported the five hypotheses that: (1) requests to superiors are more mitigated; (2) requests are less mitigated in crew-recognized emergencies; (3) requests are less mitigated in crew-recognized problems; (4) topic-failed speech acts (i.e., those not followed up immediately) are more mitigated; and (5) crew suggestions unratified by the captain are more mitigated. A proposed classification of possible contexts for communication, divided according to measures for communicative effectiveness, includes four general contexts (operatio-al, pedagogical, rhetorical, and social/relational) and a number of subcontexts for application in discourse analysis and communicative effectiveness. (MSE) ****************************************t****************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************


Relying on the site investigation of WenXiang Tunnel of Zhengzhou-Xi'an High-speed Passenger Railway in China and field monitoring of tunnel testing section, comprehensive researches have been done about stratum and tunnel structure deformation by field testing and theoretical analysis. The results indicate that ground settlement is bigger than vault settlement in shallow loess tunnel; also, 3D movement trend of stratum deformation and space-time effects of each excavation step of overlap tunnel are concluded. These results can be widely used as reference in design and construction of tunnels under similar soil condition; also they provide fundamental support for design and construction of under-passes section of WenXiang Tunnel.


In developing Chinese westen areas, it will play an important role that we do the tollowing in the westen development:Drawing into venture Capital investment; changing the achievement of science and technology into productive forces; Promoting industrialization process of westen Hi teconology; Advancing the movement of science and technology industrial marketing to a new stage.


This paper takes 35 "one country, two policies" reports in People's Daily from June to August 2019 as the research object, and analyzes them with conceptual metaphor and frame theory. It is found that there are seven metaphorical categories in the report, mainly war, kinship and bridge. The People's Daily's evaluation of "one country, two policies" includes negative and positive evaluation, which reflects the media's attitude towards the policies of indifference to the masses; positive evaluation reflects the media's attitude towards political officials and the masses to uphold the "one country, two policies" policies, jointly safeguard national security, and give full affirmation to the ideology of fighting against the power of discord.


Objective: To determine the frequency of flare-ups in single-visit endodontic treatment and the associ ated factors. Study Design: Observational. Place and Duration of Study: Swami devi dyal dental college and hospital, barwa la. Methodology: One hundred patients were assigned for single-visit root canal treatment. Patients that defaulted afte r the first appointment (incomplete treatment) were excluded from the study. For each tooth treated, the clinical factors and conditions existing before and after the completion of treatment were r ecorded. This data included patient's age, gender, type of tooth, preoperative status of pulp and periapical tissues and recording pain and swelling (flare-ups) postoperat ively after 1 day, 7 days and 1 month. The significance of results was o btained by applying paired-sample t-test and Pearso n X2 test. Results: Three of one hundred cases showed flare-ups after t reated in single appointment. On the other hand, a marked number (n=97) of cases did not show flare-ups during the s tudy period. None of the studied variables showed a ny statistically significant bearing on rate of flare-ups in single appointment root canal treatment. Conclusion: The s ingle-visit root canal treatment was safe in terms of endodontic flare-ups as far as results of this study are concerned. It was safer in both vital and non-vital teeth, and even in teeth with periapi cal pathosis.


For many years clinicians, scientists and politicians have advocated a personalized approach to the care of patients with cancer. This proposal is based on a sound tenet: that both cancers and patients respond to therapy in a varied but predictable manner. Identifying these patterns of behaviour facilitates not only targeted (molecular) treatment strategies but also alternative surgical options. This duality of heterogeneous behaviour requires a detailed and thorough understanding of tumour origins, evolution and molecular sub-type classification to facilitate personalized cancer care. Over the last 10 years traditional dogma concerning many aspects of colorectal cancer (CRC) biology have been questioned and found far more complex than previously assumed. Here we discuss the implications of tumour heterogeneity and cellular plasticity on the implementation of personalized cancer surgery. Current surgical practice for CRC surgery involves resection of the primary tumour and the associated lymph node basin. Clearly, an R0 resection is required to prevent local recurrence; however, the rationale for lymph node resection is still debated. Whilst larger lymph node retrievals are positively correlated with oncological outcome it remains to be determined whether this is through Halsted or Cady-Fisher like means. This lack of congruity can be explained by distinct tumour behaviours confounding data that may be genetically or epigenetically driven. From a scientific perspective significant advances have been made in understanding the genomic alterations associated with CRC development. Not only has the classic adenomacarcinoma sequence been carefully dissected but also clinically relevant sub-types can now be defined by either microsatellite or chromosomal instability. These advances have been translated into clinical practice and form the scientific basis for polyp removal, follow-up guidelines after resection, the bowel cancer screening programme as well as informing adjuvant therapy decisions using targeted biological therapies. Unfortunately, what is also clear is how little of the exciting scientific discoveries that are readily reported by the mainstream media transfer into clinical benefit for our patients. Clearly cancer is far more enigmatic and many of Hannahan and Weinberg's 'hallmarks' must interact to generate multiple layers of complexity that will confound novel personalized surgical or oncological approaches [1]. Arguably, two of the recent stand-out themes that have advanced our understanding about CRC development and response to therapy relate to genetic heterogeneity/tumour evolution and cellular identity. These scientific advances have been made possible as a result of increased accessibility to historically prohibitively expensive technology such as genomic sequencing as well as the generation of novel transgenic mice that model the clinical spectrum of CRCs. In 2012 the Cancer Genome Atlas Network published their genomic (DNA) and transcriptomic (RNA) analysis of 276 primary human tumours identifying many new genes implicated in CRC development [2]. Similar smaller scale studies have also been reported identifying several other genes involved in CRC pathogenesis [3]. In order to disentangle driver from passenger genetic events other groups have turned to mouse modelling of CRC, combining this with sequencing technologies [4]. Alternative less detailed but high throughput combined genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic approaches have been used to look at multiple CRCs and shown hitherto unappreciated levels of not only genetic but also epigenetic heterogeneity [5]. More recently, high throughput transcriptomic approaches have been refined providing detailed classification schemes of CRC sub-types that have additional clinical application. Two parallel studies published last year using this approach identified new classifiers of CRC that are reported to identify response to chemotherapy [6,7]. Evidently, combining these data shows that whilst there are general genetic 'themes' to CRC there is also significant fine level heterogeneity overlying this. What is even more intriguing is that not only is this heterogeneity present tumour to tumour (intertumour) but that within single tumours significant genetic heterogeneity (intratumour) also exists and persists throughout the lifetime of the tumour. A pioneering genomic sequencing study published in 2012 importantly showed that single tumour biopsies are inadequate to be representative of tumour development [8]. Here,


Significance
 The right-wing opposition, led by Keiko Fujimori's Fuerza Popular (Popular Force, FP), never fully recognised Castillo's razor-thin election victory in June. Impeachment, the only constitutional method of ousting a sitting president, would require the votes of two-thirds of Congress; the votes are currently narrowly balanced.

 Impacts
 Castillo will retain public sympathy against a deeply unpopular Congress.
 Further motions of censure against ministers are to be expected.
 The business community will remain on the side-lines, for now.


This study investigated social media efficacy on prevention and control of Covid – 19 pandemic in Ilorin South Local Government Area, Kwara State. This study examine effectiveness of awareness created by the Facebook, NCDC messages and Twitter on prevention and control of Covid – 19 pandemic in Ilorin South LGA, Kwara State. The study adopted descriptive research design of survey type. A multi-stage sampling technique of stratified and purposive techniques was employed to select 150 respondents for the study. A researchers structured questionnaire validated and pilot tested with the use of test re-test reliability method and 0.75r were obtained. The findings revealed that awareness created through facebook, NCDC and Twitter have much impacts on prevention and control of Covid – 19 pandemic. Based on this findings, the study recommends that health officers should encourage people on the needs to use social media tools like facebook, NCDC messages, Twitter, Youtube and soon to gain insight on prevention and control of Covid – 19 pandemic.


The paper presents the results of studies of thermal characteristics of nanoporous anodic alumina layer formed in sulphuric acid. One-sided heating of aluminum boards by heating element from carbon filament was used. The temperature of the back side of the board was kept constant by using an aluminum heatsink. Thermograms of aluminum board surface were taken by thermal imaging camera MobIR M4.


In this study, the presence of Arcobacter spp. was investigated in the faeces of cattle, sheep, goats, dogs and cloacal swab samples of chickens using the 16S rDNA-RFLP method. The prevalence of Arcobacter in these species was found to be 13%, 12%, 16%, 4% and 33%, respectively. On the other hand, Arcobacter spp. could not be isolated from rabbit faeces. A total of 78 (13%) Arcobacter spp. isolates were obtained from the 500 faecal samples and 100 cloacal swab samples examined in this study. From these 78 Arcobacter isolates, 24 (30.8%), 20 (25.6%), 11 (14.1%), 8 (10.7%), 4 (5.1%), 3 (3.9%) and 2 (2.6%) were identified by 16S rDNA-RLFP as A. cryaerophilus, A. butzleri, A. skirrowii, A. cloacae, A. cibarius, A. halophilus, and A. nitrofigilis, respectively. All A. cryaerophilus (n = 24) isolates were found to be resistant to cloxacillin; all A. butzleri (n = 20) and A. skirrowii isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin/novobiocin, cefoperazone, tetracycline and cloxacillin. It was determined in this study that clinically healthy cattle, sheep, goats, dogs and chickens are reservoirs of Arcobacter spp.


Given the growing lack of interest in science manifested by our society and,
specifically, by our high school students, many authors have argued that the main
cause is the way in which science is taught. Thus, it is frequently pointed out that
science is taught decontextualized from society, and that theoretical contents are
preferred in detriment of practical activities. Teaching Geology has some additional
problems such as the difficulty of observing geological processes and the little
importance that has traditionally been given to this area.
Considering this situation, a practical activity consisting of a Geology field trip for
high school students is proposed here. This kind of experiences facilitates the direct
observation of geological concepts and processes. In order to get the most from the
practical activity, a methodology based on problem-based learning together with the
field trip has been developed to be applied on students of an institute of Lleida.
Hence, they must solve a question using data collected in the field. The chosen
question is related to the dinosaurs of the Province of Lleida, a topic that is generally
motivating for science students. Following common problem-based steps, pre-field
trip activities have been designed with the purpose of understanding the problem
and proposing hypotheses that should be verified or discarded during the fieldwork.
The activity ends with the presentation of the results in a memory that must contain
a resolution for the given problem.
It is considered that this type of activities transfers students to real situations and
problems that a scientist must confront. This can encourage their interest for science
and even awaken scientific vocations in the future.


Overeating is a common eating disorder and often leads to obesity and to significant physical, emotional, and social problems often warranting nursing care. Codependency has expanded beyond the chemical dependency field and describes the dysfunctional pattern of behavior of an individual in a relationship with another person or from survival in a dysfunctional family of origin. The psychological and behavioral factors surrounding overeating are noted frequently in the literature but are not emphasized in most overeating treatment programs. Anxiety, depression, anger, and compulsivity are the psychological problems often linked with overeating and codependency. The purpose of this study was to test the Codependency-Overeating Model (COM) by examining the relationship between overeating and codependency, anxiety, depression, anger, and compulsivity. The variables were measured with the Overeating Questionnaire, Codependency Assessment Tool, and Symptom Checklist-90-R. This study used a model-testing correlational design with 567 students recruited from a Mississippi community college. Pearson's product–moment correlations noted weak correlations between age and anxiety (r = .12), age and depression (r = .20), age and compulsivity (r = .20), codependency and anxiety (r = .12), and codependency and anger (r = .16). No significant correlations were noted between overeating and codependency, anxiety, depression, anger, or compulsivity. Although the predictive relationships were not verified in the model, several important ways to minimize limitations in future studies were identified. The development and testing of the COM was the beginning step in pursuing a solid understanding of overeating and codependency and a catalyst for worthwhile future research.


Objectives To estimate the overall prevalence of androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS) users seeking support from physicians. Secondary objectives are to compare this prevalence in different locations and among subpopulations of AAS users, and to discuss some of the factors that could have influenced the engagement of AAS users with physicians. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and SciELO were searched in January 2022. Eligibility criteria Quantitative and qualitative studies reporting the number of AAS users who sought support from physicians, with no restrictions of language or time of publication. Data extraction and synthesis Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the quality of studies, including publication bias. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the overall prevalence of AAS users seeking support from physicians, followed by pooled prevalence rates by studies' location and the subpopulation of AAS users. Results We identified 36 studies published between 1988 and 2021, involving 10 101 AAS users. The estimated overall prevalence of AAS users seeking support from physicians is 37.12% (95% CI 29.71% to 44.52%). Higher prevalence rates were observed in studies from Australia (67.27%; 95% CI 42.29% to 87.25%) and among clients of the needle and syringe exchange programme (54.13%; 95% CI 36.41% to 71.84%). The lowest prevalence was observed among adolescent AAS users (17.27%; 95% CI 4.80% to 29.74%). Conclusion Our findings suggest that about one-third of AAS users seek support from physicians, with remarkable differences between locations and subpopulations of AAS users. Further studies should investigate the factors influencing the engagement of AAS users with physicians. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020177919.


This paper further discusses the global asymptotic stability of Cohen-Grossberg neural networks with time delays. A approach to study the global asymptotic stability of neural networks is proposed. Better test conditions are obtained and a numerical simulation is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the criterion.


version of the Khikar, a book which belongs to this period, although not written by Orbeliani. The work of Professor Khakhanov concludes with pieces of apocryphs—the Gospel of Joachim, the birth of the holy Virgin, etc. This useful production fills a void, for but little is known about Georgian literature in Europe. Professor Khakhanov has a very readable style. Unfortunately his book is written in Russian, but the number of students of that important language is so continually increasing that it seems idle totalk of a book in the Russian language as being sealed.


Proper thermal system control design can lead to enhanced vehicle battery economy, range, reliability, longevity, passenger comfort, and safety in an electric vehicle; advancements in thermal control design remain key as "new technologies, consumer demand, societal concerns, and government regulations emerge and evolve" [1]. This paper is an overview of the thermal control design used by autonomous, electric robotaxi start-up company -- Zoox. Different than many other traditional vehicle thermal control designs, the entire thermal system in the Zoox design features intelligence, robustness, energy efficiency, safety, and high performance to meet Zoox's spirit of a rider focused taxi. Discussion of the challenges and solutions together with the high-level control design strategies are presented in the paper.


This paper studies continuous-time optimal portfolio selection under the setting of Black-Scholes financial markets and constant re-balanced portfolio (CRP) investment strategies. Three mean-CaR models are formulated, which minimize the risk measured by capital-at-risk (CaR) under the constraint that the expected terminal wealth is not lower than a pre-assigned level. These models are converted into bi-level optimization problems by virtue of a decomposition of the feasible solution set and, as a result, explicit optimal strategies and efficient frontiers are obtained in closed-form. A comparison of the three mean-CaR models and a numerical example illustrating the results are presented. Some economic implications of the results are also examined.


Dead Souls, Gogol's major work, was often regarded by criticism as a realistic picture of Russia, until that the reminder of its genesis in Western Europe encouraged to see in it an illusion of realism and to give it essentially a metaphysical sense. This study does not take up that debate; it aims to show what Gogol's exile brings to the geographical and textual universe of this work, through the images, on one hand, of Western Europe, taken as a whole, and on the other hand, of two privileged countries: Italy and France.


Harlan II has produced an average of 5% more grain than Harlan at Mesa and Yuma in seven yield tests from 1965 through 1969 ( Table 2) . In 10 conventional yield tests it has produced as much grain as Arivat. If grain is the only objective ( and grain is essential for seed for forage production) it is suggested that Harlan II be planted in November at low rates of seeding ( less than 50 pounds per acre) to promote maximum tiller ing, which results in minimum lodging and larger heads.


Temperature and humidity are important environmental factors of livestock and poultry breeding,it directly affects the livestock and poultry health and growth performance in the livestock and poultry breeding,have important significiance for the health of livestock and poultry farming.According to control request in the livestock and poultry's humiture,using the monolithic integrated circuit technical design livestock and poultry temperature and humidity control system,this system has used the chip of PIC18F2580,under control software's support,CPU carries on the control to the peripheral circuit,has realized to the temperature and the humidity control,has the good compatibility.After use the system,the temperature decline 4.15℃,the measurement accuracy of temperature is ±0.4 ℃,the measurement accuracy of humidity is 3.0%RH,ease the impact of high temperatureor the livestock and poultry effectively.So it can be promoted.


Inflammatory bowel disease patients with diabetes mellitus are more likely to have active disease, report worse quality of life, and have higher health care utilization. This high-risk subgroup of patients with confirmed active disease should be treated with appropriate medical therapy including biologic therapy with or without an immunosuppressant.


Contents:1. Introduction: Reframing Social Policy AnalysisGreg Marston and Catherine McDonald PART I: GOVERNING SPACES AND PLACES2. Governmentality and Powers of Life and DeathMitchell Dean3. Global Governance and Local Policy PartnershipsWendy Larner4. Governing the Spaces on the Margin of SocietyJA rgen Elm-LarsenPART II: GOVERNING OTHERS AND GOVERNING SELVES5. Consumerism and the Remaking of State-Citzen Relations in the UKJohn Clarke6. The Politics of Subject Formation: Welfare-Reliant Women's Response to Welfare Reform in the United States and the NetherlandsAnna C. Korteweg7. Governing Men and Boys in Public Policy in AustraliaBob Pease8. Activating Child and Youth Welfare - A Case of the Neo-Social Re-arrangement of German Social PolicyFabian KesslPART III: GOVERNING THROUGH NEW TECHNOLOGIES9. 'The End of the Passing Past': Towards Polytemporal Policy StudiesWilliam Walters10. Governing the Mother: Access to Reproductive TechnologiesJennifer Smith11. Segmentation and Conditionality: Technological Reconfigurations in Social PolicyPaul Henman12. Conclusion: A Conversation Worth Continuing?Greg Marston and Catherine McDonaldIndex


This article attempts to qualify the work with authentic source material such as TV news in foreign language teaching. At first, the role of authentic materials in foreign language teaching shall be discussed. Afterwards, TV news will be briefly examined and characterized from the point of view of media theory. Methodic-didactic considerations on the work with TV news in class round up the article.


Abstract Elizabeth I's apparent vacillation over the Dutch Revolt is possibly the most disputed aspect of her foreign policy. On two occasions she was formally offered sovereignty of the rebel provinces, of Holland and Zeeland in 1576 and of the United Provinces in 1585. The circumstances of both offers were very similar, however different the outcomes. The course of the negotiations reveals how Elizabeth's prevarication arose from a moral dilemma: how to reconcile her acceptance of the legitimacy of the Dutch cause with her conscientious objection to territorial expansion.


In social media services and social network services, it is necessary to collect, analyze and process their big data with low maintenance cost. Therefore, distributed-parallel data processing on cloud platform is getting spotlight as useful solution for them. In this paper, we present a new architecture of DIVE-C: DIstributed-parallel Virtual Environment on Cloud computing platform for distributed parallel data processing applications which offers a transparent virtual computing environment in order to provide a way easy to launch user's distributed parallel applications. It hides the complexity of the cloud, and helps users to focus on their new applications and core services. DIVE-C uses agent-based resource management scheme to configure VM resources and application deployment for offering various distributed-parallel application models. VM resources are automatically provided by unified cloud management layer. Furthermore, an easy-to-use web interface of DIVE-C offers convenience to users. We implemented a prototype of DIVE-C, and its experiment results show the competitive performance of DIVE-C for dynamic resource and virtual computing environment provisioning for various data processing models.


The biological effects of extremely low‐frequency electric fields (ELF) on living organisms have been explored in many studies, but the results are controversial and only a few studies investigated the influence of the intensity of the applied field on seedling growth. Here we assess the effects of a 50 Hz sinusoidal electric field on the early growth of Vigna radiata seedlings while varying the field intensity. Experiments performed in a dark, constant‐climate chamber on several thousands of seedlings show that the field produces an inhibitory effect at a low field intensity and an enhancing one at a higher intensity. The maximum negative effect occurs at about 450 V/m, which is an intensity much lower than the exposure limits currently in force in the safety regulations. Bioelectromagnetics 32:589–592, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The paper discusses the necessity and teaching present condition of the Primary Number Theory in major of elementary education.Moreover,it presents some teaching suggestions of the course in order to train elementary teacher who can suit elementary education in the new time.


The application of a simplified perturbational analysis in the study of forced motion in deep water due to a nearly cylindrical wavemaker is considered. The first-order correction to the amplitude of the waves radiated at infinity is determined by employing Havelock's expansion of water wave potential. This is obtained in terms of an integral involving the shape function describing the wavemaker and is evaluated explicitly for two special shapes. Numerical results illustrate that the curved nature of the cylindrical wavemaker has some significant effect on the amplitude of waves radiated at infinity.


. The paper is dedicated to problematic aspects of activities of the arbitration manager as a subject of the providing secrets in the bankruptcy proceeding process. There is stressed, in conditions of spreading information component of the social system and wide penetration of informatization in economic activity, a significance of legal guarantees of ensuring the inviolability of the information field, particularly, data bases or personal data of natural persons, is increasing. There is suggested implementing at the legislation the category of the "secrets of activities of the arbitration manager". Provisions on activities of other representatives of independent professional activities in particular, attorneys can be used as a basis for the legal and technical constructing the provision, mentioned


This paper proposes the design of an Intelligent Damping Controller (IDC) for a Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), linking to a high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission line, where a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)based offshore wind farm (OWF) is connected. This IDC consists of a critic network with the proposed Functional Link based Recurrent Fuzzy Neural Network (FLRFNN) and Genetic Algorithm Hybrid Time Varying Particle Swarm Optimization (GAHTVPSO) algorithm. A single-machine infinite-bus and a multi-machine hybrid power system were used for test the system stability. GAHTVPSO approach is developed to adjust the learning rates to improve the learning capability. Analysis of the performance shows that it can achieve better damping characteristics.


Under the situation of undeveloped transportation facilities in ancient and Middle Ages,because of the plurality of Indian geography,the separation of the whole Indian Territory is caused.Caste system is the foundation of Indian social frame,which strengthens the vertical and horizontal separation of the society in addition to the geographical factors.This provides an opportunity for the foreign invasion in Indian history,and it makes India unable to achieve the unity of territory and ideological culture,which generates a plural cultural model.Plural religion and culture cause diverse thoughts among Indian plebs.Special caste system,frequent invasion and multiple religion and culture which exist in ancient India and Middle Ages are of cause and effect relationships with each other,and they construct a significant characteristic in this historical stage in India.


The aim of this article is to examine the discourse of Icelandic compulsory school teachers on inclusive education. From 1974 and onwards, the education policy in Iceland has been towards inclusion, and Iceland is considered to be an example of a highly inclusive education system with few segregated resources for students with special educational needs. In particular, the article focuses on what characterises and legitimises teachers' discourse on inclusive education, the contradictions in the discourse and how teachers have involved themselves in the process. We use the approach of historical discourse analysis to analyse the discourse as it appears in interviews with teachers and media articles on education as well as in key documents issued by the Parliament. The article provides an insight into the complexities of this topic and draws attention to underlying issues relevant to inclusive education.


Our paper aims to capture the effects of the current economic and financial crisis on fiscal variables, the 27 EU Member States, based on macroeconomic developments until 2010 and projected for 2011. Starting from the economic recession, from the increase of unemployment and the relative stability of prices in the EU overall (macroeconomic developments that characterize the current crisis), we analyze the effects of those developments on the public revenues and expenditures, on the conventional deficit and public debt, which are macroeconomic variables that comprise the pentagon of economic macro stabilization.


Objective. The aim is to research the extraction of R waves and ST segment feature points based on Wavelet Transform (WT), and propose an algorithm used to recognize the shapes of ST segment. Method. First, electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are decomposed by WT algorithm using a dyadic spline wavelet. Based on the relation between the feature points of ECG signals and the maximum pairs of the signals' WT, a scheme is developed to identify feature points at different wavelet decomposition scales. Then, an identification algorithm is presented to recognize the shapes of ST segments by lines fitting. At last, the proposed scheme is demonstrated by the datum from the standard MIT/BIH ECG database. Results. The automatic ECG analysis system based on the proposed scheme can extract the ECG feature points correctly and recognize the shapes of ST segment successfully. Conclusion. The proposed algorithm can be used to analyze ST segment of ECG correctly and reliably, and the result is greatly useful for clinical diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). [Life Science Journal. 2007; 4(2): 90 – 93] (ISSN: 1097 – 8135).


A device (10) for delivering a fluid includes a housing (12) defining an interior space (22) and having a bottom surface (18) configured for contacting a patient. The bottom surface (18) defines a needle opening (56). The device (10) also includes a reservoir (26) disposed within the interior space (22) of the housing (12) for containing a fluid therein, a needle carrier (30) disposed within the housing (12), and an injection needle (28) supported by the needle carrier (30) and defining a lumen. The lumen of the injection needle (28) is configured to be placed in fluid communication with the reservoir (26). The injection needle (28) is transitionable from an initial position in which the injection needle is disposed within the housing (12), to a use position in which the injection needle extends through the needle opening (56), and a substantially shielded position in which the injection needle (28) is disposed within the housing (12) and the lumen of the needle (28) is blocked by a portion of the housing (12).


The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of groundnut meals on the carcass yield, internal organs and meat quality of rabbits. Three groundnut meals namely, conventional groundnut cake (CGNC), locally made groundnut cake (LMGC) and toasted groundnut seed (kernel) meal (TGSM) were incorporated in rabbit diets at two levels to generate six diets: 18% CGNC, 22% CGNC, 18% LMGC, 22% LMGC, 18% TGSM and 22% TGSM respectively, and 18% CGNC also served as the control. Twenty four (24) six weeks-old growing rabbits of mixed breeds and sexes with mean initial weight of 568.75 ±12.85g were randomly allocated to the dietary treatments combination. Each treatment had 4 rabbits; one per replicate, in a CRD, laid out on a 2X3 factorial arrangement and fed ad libitum, for 70 days. Three animals per treatment combination (18 altogether) were sacrificed for carcass yield, internal organs and meat quality evaluation and data analyzed on main effects only: sources of groundnut had 6 rabbits per group and level of inclusion had 9 per group. The average final weights and rib relative weights of rabbits fed TGSM were significantly depressed (p0.05). Other carcass parameters and internal organs were similar (p>0.05) among the dietary groups. Meat quality was significantly affected (p


Techniques which might be used in the measurement of atmospheric electric charge density are reviewed, and the difficulties inherent in each are evaluated. The use of a Faraday cage with a passive electric field meter mounted flush with a grounded wall is shown to provide an unambiguous measurement if sufficient accuracy in the field measurement can be obtained. The construction of a cage assembly with a suitable field meter system is outlined, as is the development of an Obolensky filter. Data from the cage field meter are compared with filter data taken simultaneously, and they agree within the limits of experimental error.


By means of literature review and comprehensive evaluation among most important periodicals and newspapers and conference proceedings, the hot points about green architecture would be collect and analysis. The goals and connections among them would be got clear, and the most authoritative and normative research programs about green architecture would be found.


: Vitamin D is an important immune modulator that is linked to infection susceptibility. It has been suggested that vitamin D deficiency plays a role in sepsis and septic shock because vitamin-D-related pathways are associated with various immunological, endocrine, and endothelial functions. Previous research has yielded inconclusive results regarding the link between mortality and vitamin D deficiency in sepsis patients. In patients with sepsis and severe vitamin D deficiency, an adequate vitamin D concentration may reduce mortality. Randomized controlled trials to assess the influence of vitamin D supplementation on clinical outcomes in sepsis patients with vitamin D deficiency are uncommon. We will provide an overview of the current knowledge about the relationship between vitamin D and sepsis in this review, as well as consider the potential value of vitamin D supplementation in this situation.


The purpose of this pilot study is to examine the effects of the timing of classes and class size on student performance in introductory accounting courses. Factors affecting student success are important to all stakeholders in the academic community. Previous studies have shown mixed results regarding the effects of class size on student success (Laughlin, 1976; Baldwin, 1993; Hill, 1998). Additionally, most of these studies are dated and generally compared very large classes (larger than 100) to smaller classes. In this study, the authors will examine initial results comparing a range of class sizes with an enrollment as large as 60 to as small as 10. These results will be more relevant to smaller schools than previous studies. Very limited research has been reported on the effects of the timing of classes on student performance (Vruwink and Otto, 1987). These results indicated that the timing of classes had no significant effect on students' exam scores. The results of this present study indicate that neither class size nor the timing of classes has a statistically significant effect on students' final grades.


The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is a swarm intelligence technique, which has exhibited good performance on finding optimal regions of complex search spaces. However, the basic PSO (bPSO) suffers from the premature convergence in multi-modal optimization. This is due to a decease of swarm diversity that leads to the global implosion and stagnation. It is an acceptable hypothesis that maintaining a high diversity produces a good effect on the search performance of the PSO algorithms. In this paper, we propose a novel optimizer, called the stochastic scattering particle swarm optimizer (SSPSO), which tries to overcome the premature convergence through scattering the swarm stochastically, with a new and simple diversity measure. The performance of the SSPSO is compared with the bPSO on a set of benchmark functions. Experimental results show that, the SSPSO not only prevents the premature convergence to a high degree, but also keeps a rapid convergence rate. Thus, it is clearly a better substitute for the bPSO and other repulsion-based PSO algorithms.


One of the most important issues in sensor networks is to develop the technology for improved fault tolerance. From this viewpoint, the placement of sensor nodes is critical. To date, we have proposed stochastic node placements whose degrees of nodes follow a power-law ("power-law placement"). To demonstrate the effectiveness of power-law placement, we have to show that this placement has high fault tolerance and can be achieved with a reasonable degree of complexity and accuracy. In the first step of our research, we have shown that power-law placement with well-tuned parameters is more robust against failure than general stochastic node placement. In the second step to prove the effectiveness of power-law placement, we investigate ways of achieving power-law placement in this paper.


Both the continuous-time and two fully discrete generalized difference schemes on arbitrary quadrilateral networks for a kind of parabolic equations are established.And the optimal L~2-norm error estimates are obtained.


For the past three years, the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) has been sponsoring a research project on exchange control, liberalization, and economic development. In this project, a number of country studies have been undertaken, focusing upon the quantification and analysis of individual developing countries' experiences with exchange control regimes and attempts at liberalizing those regimes, focusing equally on the interaction between the country's trade and payments regime and its economic development. The countries studied have included Brazil (A. Fishlow), Chile (J. Behrman), Colombia (C. Diaz-Alejandro), Egypt (B. Hansen), Ghana (C. Leith), India (J. Bhagwati and T. N: Srinivasan), Israel (M. Michaely), South Korea (C. Frank, Jr.), the Philippines (R. Baldwin)' and Turkey (A. Krueger). Each study has been undertaken within an analytical framework devised by us and agreed upon in advance by all participants. These studies are now completed or nearly so, and they are to be published by the National Bureau of Economic Research through 1973 and 1974. They should be of interest to students of the individual countries as well as to those concerned with trade and development issues more generally. When all the studies are final, we shall have a great deal of material for analysis on a comparable basis of different coun,tries' experiences. .


Platform X has four (4) Non-Associated Gas (NAG) wells with total production rate of 75 MMscfd. Due to their high CO2 content ~ 10-13 mol%, NAG production were capped at production operating philosophy of 30 MMscfd. They were produced thru blending them with Associated Gas (AG) wells (ratio 50:50) to meet 8 mol% CO2 limit at pipeline from Platform X to gas processing hub (Platform Y). In a normal production, only two (2) NAG wells flowing, two (2) NAG wells remain idle causing a loss in production opportunity. The study was conducted to further unlock NAG potential by revisiting the blending NAG:AG ratio. Few steps were outlined for the study workflow; surface facilities readiness, data collection on-site CO2 gas sampling and flaring monitoring, data analysis thru Aspen HYSYS model simulation for theoretical and sensitivity data, and risk assessment for revised blending ratio. From the study, Platform X gas production can be optimized up to 55 NAG: 45 AG blending ratio. Actual on-site sampling dictates CO2 mol% at pipeline from Platform X to Platform Y to be around 7.5 mol%. It is comparable to Aspen HYSYS simulation result indicating a good model tuning. Sensitivity analysis generated from the model implies that the higher AG production, the higher NAG production as more gas can be blended with low CO2 content of AG well. Risk assessment stated overall risk-rating is low. Platform X is allowed to flow continuously with the revised blending ratio provided that wells flow rates not exceed the blended CO2 limit. Additional gas yielded is 7 to 8 MMscfd, daily estimated revenue ranges from RM 188,000 to RM 215,000. Flaring is able to sustain ~0.4 MMscfd, below Platform X limit of 1 MMscfd.


With the rapid development of science and high technology in digital enterprises, especially the widespread use of Internet + technology, network technology has been rapidly developed and improved. As a new financial management model, financial service sharing services are based on the rapid development of Internet + technology. Practical applications have been carried out in the world's large digital enterprises, and very good practical results have been achieved. The establishment and implementation of financial service participation centers can effectively reduce the number of full-time financial staff in large groups, reduce the intermediate links related to the management of financial income and expenditure, and improve the efficiency of group financial work. On this basis, this paper analyzes and studies the application of financial participation courses in universities in digital institutions in the new era. This article takes financial graduates as the research object, analyzes the needs of digital institutions for financial talents through questionnaire surveys, and compares the application of digital institutions in digital institutions on the basis of establishing financial participation methods and organizing traditional financial accounting. The research results show that the digital transformation of financial sharing construction is not the whole of financial digital transformation, but to overcome the complexity of technology application, realize the integration and connection of information systems, especially data, realize financial digitization and move towards smart finance.


This study aims to determine the effect of firm size and acceptance of a going concern opinion on stock prices. In this study, the object of which is manufacturing firms listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in the consumer goods sector to the period from 2011 until 2015. In this study, the data used is data based on annual financial reports obtained through the site www .idx.co.id and sahamm price report data obtained through www.sahamok.com site. The sampling method this study using purposive sampling counted 17 manufacturing companies in the consumer goods sector for 5 years for a total observation in this study to 85 data. Statistical calculations used to test the hypothesis in this study is the associative analysis and verification analysis. Analysis consisted of deskriktif statistical verification, classic assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, analysis of determination, f test, t test. The results of this research shows that the size of the companies have a significant effect on stock prices and the acceptance of a going concern opinion does not affect the stock price.�Key Words: Company Size, Acceptance of Going concern Opinion, Stock Price


Taking garden heritage ontologies as the object, this paper explores monitoring and early-warning methods of heritage based on fuzzy cluster analysis. A monitoring and early-warning system for garden heritage ontologies is designed and consists of monitoring indexes, a monitoring program, monitoring data collection, application of an early-warning grading evaluation model and conclusion of early-warning grading. Taking the Suzhou classical garden heritage as an example, it can be concluded that the systematic method can integrate various qualitative and quantitative index values and collectively reflect the overall state of garden heritage ontologies as well as match a heritage monitoring ontology with an early warning grade by calculating the data similarity matrix, membership matrix, fuzzy similarity matrix, fuzzy equivalent matrix and cut matrix. Five kinds of heritage ontologies with a total of twenty-seven heritage monitoring indicators are applied in the model and then be matched with MATLAB software to obtain accurate early-warning results. When types of heritage ontology need to be expanded, the heritage is further refined, or the heritage is more comprehensive, this method is applicable.


The western comer of the continental Exmouth Plateau is bounded by Early Cretaceous (ValanginianHauterivian) abyssal plains on two sides. A study of a regional grid of reflection seismic profiles, in conjunction with the results from ODP Sites 762, 763, and 766, has helped us elucidate the Triassic to Late Cretaceous history of the region. Before late Mesozoic continental breakup, this area was part of northern Gondwana facing Tethys, and was subject to detrital, largely fluviodeltaic sedimentation. Several thousand meters of Triassic fluviodeltaic sediments were cut by strike-slip and normal faults in latest Triassic to Late Jurassic times. Near the western margin the Triassic sediments give way to a volcanic sequence, of inferred latest Triassic to earliest Jurassic age, parts of which were planated near sea level in and before the early Neocomian. The detritus from the early Neocomian erosion formed a shallow-marine sediment body in the west, 90 km long and up to 500 m thick, equivalent to the Barrow Group in the east. In the southeast in the Berriasian, the top Triassic unconformity was overlain by up to 1500 m of prodelta muds of the Barrow delta (deposited in 6 m.y.) prograding northward. These were derived largely from an uplifted area, formed by Neocomian thermal doming along the Cape Range Fracture Zone, and also along the zone of later rifting farther southeast. Late Valanginian breakup led to the movement of Greater India away to the west, by rifting on the northwestern side of the plateau and by shearing along the Cape Range Fracture Zone on the southwestern side. On the plateau, after a Valanginian hiatus, there was slow detrital sedimentation as the plateau sank, and by Late Cretaceous times bathyal carbonates were being deposited. Postbreakup sediments are generally less than 1000 m thick. On the new abyssal plains sedimentation was in increasingly deep water. During the late Valanginian to Hauterivian, grain-flow sands and silts were deposited on oceanic basalt close to the plateau, while abyssal muds were deposited farther away. In the mid-Cretaceous, pelagic sediments and carbonate turbidites replaced the grain-flow sands, silts, and muds. The postbreakup sediments on the abyssal plain are 400-500 m thick.


Thromb Haemost 2009; 101: 225–226 Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA) represent common thrombotic disorders that affect small microvessels but manifest in different organs. In haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) the kidneys are affected, and in thrombocytic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) the disease establishes at neurological sites. Research in the field of TMA is moving fast towards an understanding of the underlying mechanisms and has seen a dramatic development in this regard over the last decade. TMA also represent a prime example of translational medicine. This group of disorders has moved from the outskirts of rare, almost neglected diseases to the centre stage in clinical medicine. During the last few years, this field has profited from the close interaction and exchange between basic researchers and clinicians, which has ultimately improved the situation of patients. Furthermore, the lessons learned from these rare disorders have substantially shaped the understanding in the pathogenesis of more common diseases. Very similar genetic causes and related disease mechanisms are observed for the rare, renal disease HUS and for the frequent, retinal disorder age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Thus, research on rare disorders can pave the ground for understanding the disease mechanisms of common disorders, which then allows the use of similar or related diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This theme issue of Thrombosis and Haemostasis covers central and timely topics which were presented at the 3rd International Workshop on Thrombotic Microangiopathies, held in Jena in October 2007, and the contributions represent "state of the art" presentations in this field. The articles document how fast results from basic and genetic research can be translated into the clinic leading to an eventual improvement of the situation of patients. Both reliable diagnostic tests and novel therapeutic options are now established. The article by Skerka et al. (1) describes a novel subform of HUS, termed DEAP HUS (DEficient for CFHR1 and CFHR3 and Autoantibodies Positive). This form is characterized by the combination of a genetic defect (deficiency of a 84 kbp long chromosomal fragment in the Factor H gene cluster) and the presence of autoantibodies to the complement regulator Factor H. DEAP-HUS can be directly diagnosed by assaying plasma parameters and autoantibody levels and has a very good prognosis for therapy. The article by Bresin et al. (2) summarizes the promising results of a therapy with the monoclonal antibody rituximab for TTP patients who developed autoantibodies against ADAMTS13, the protease responsible for cleavage of von Willebrand factor (VWF). In addition, during inflammatory conditions the plasma levels of both, VWF and ADAMTS13, vary and the exact protein levels provide a good and reliable marker for prognosis of organ failure, as reported by Claus et al. (3). These data clearly demonstrate that gene products, which are associated with HUS and TTP, play a central role in tissue and cell homeostasis. In addition, the indicated proteins not only represent relevant markers for inflammation but they are also likely associated with other thrombotic disorders. Although several genetic causes for HUS and TTP have been identified, the initial trigger(s) that lead to a change in tissue homeostasis are still not clearly understood. A wide range of conditions can initiate morphological and cellular changes, as indicated by Gerth et al. (4), who give a detailed report on a case of a pregnancy-associated form of TTP. Additional common triggers for HUS are infections with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. The paper by Muthing et al. (5) reviews the current concepts on the mode of action and the translocation of Shiga toxin across the membrane of the host cell to the cytosol, where this bacterial virulence factor exerts its toxic activity. Recent evidence further supports the hypothesis that TMA and the renal disease membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) represent different outcomes of related genetic deficiencies. Consequently, the pathological aspects that are essential for a proper diagnosis particularly from tissue specimen are relevant. Such morphological signatures and changes leading to one of the subforms of the disease are summarized in the article by Benz and Amann (6). The authors present the relevant pathological issues that need to be addressed for proper diagnosis. The current discussion on a reclassification of the various forms of mem© 2009 Schattauer GmbH, Stuttgart


In this paper the stability of gait planning for the quadruped robot in flat surface is considered, and the effects of planning parameters on the stability of the robot have been examined. Continuous trajectory for the body in forward direction has been derived. The study demonstrates that adding periodic longitudinal (PLON) body motion back and forth and periodic lateral (PLAT) body motion left and right improved the stability margin. Finally this approaches were tested on the TMUBot quadruped, and the results show significant improvement in the robot.


Abstract. The crystal structure of rutile (Ti02) has been studied at high temperatures up to about 1600°C based on sets of single crystal X-ray diffraction intensities collected on a four-circle diffractometer. The thermal expansion coefficients for the aand c-axes in the measured temperature range were a" = 8.9(1) χ 10" ° C _ I and otc = 11.1(1) χ 10~ ° C _ 1 , respectively. The thermal response of the octahedra about Ti is such that the thermal coefficient for the four short equatorial Ti —Ο bonds was 8.4(3) χ 10 " 6 ° C " 1 and for the two long apical Ti Ο bonds 11.5(3) χ 10 " 6 ° C _ 1 . The rate of thermal expansion of the octahedral shared edge is relatively large under ~ 1200°C, while it becomes small above ~ 1200°C. An / to l0 ratio, which we denote shrinkage index, however, decreases with the raise of temperature (/ = the length of the shared edge at a temperature; l0 = the edge length of a regular octahedron having the same volume as the Ti octahedron has at the same temperature).


Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) affects up to 50% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. It remains unclear to what extent POAF increases the stroke risk and whether anticoagulation is warranted in this setting. The primary objective of this review was to conduct a systematic review of the evidence for a correlation between POAF and stroke. Further, we sought to evaluate the published evidence on anticoagulation in the setting of POAF to prevent stroke. To this end, we performed a comprehensive literature search to identify studies on POAF in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with stroke as an outcome. To date, eight meta-analyses providing pooled estimates of the stroke risk associated with POAF in patients undergoing cardiac surgery have been published. The reported pooled odds ratios range from 1.36 to 4.09 for unadjusted estimates. Additionally, five studies were identified that evaluated the impact of anticoagulation on stroke in the setting of POAF. Of these, three supported the use of anticoagulants, and two studies were inconclusive. This systematic review did not find strong supporting evidence that POAF is causally related to stroke, despite a strong correlation with comorbidities and all-cause mortality in the literature. Available evidence to date suggests an elevated risk of bleeding with no clear reduction in stroke or other thromboembolic events when anticoagulation is initiated in the setting of POAF. An upcoming randomized clinical trial by the Cardiothoracic Surgery Network group will hopefully provide clarification on the recommendations for anticoagulation in the setting of POAF after cardiac surgery.


The global trend of transformation and loss of wetlands through conversion to other land uses has deleterious effects on surrounding ecosystems, and there is a resultant increasing need for the conservation and preservation of wetlands. Improved mapping of wetland locations is critical to achieving objective regional conservation goals, which depends on accurate spatial knowledge. Current approaches to mapping wetlands through the classification of satellite imagery typically under-represents actual wetland area; the importance of ancillary data in improving accuracy in mapping wetlands is therefore recognised. In this study, we compared two approaches - Bayesian networks and logistic regression - to predict the likelihood of wetland occurrence in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Both approaches were developed using the same data set of environmental surrogate predictors. We compared and verified model outputs using an independent test data set, with analyses including receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve (AUC). Both models performed similarly (AUC>0.84), indicating the suitability of a likelihood approach for ancillary data for wetland mapping. Results indicated that high wetland probability areas in the final model outputs correlated well with known wetland systems and wetland-rich areas in KwaZulu-Natal. We conclude that predictive models have the potential to improve the accuracy of wetland mapping in South Africa by serving as valuable ancillary data.


In this paper,the effect of 8-year-experiment of different fertilization treatments on the dynamic of soil organic matter quality was conducted.The results showed that organic manure combined with constant chemical NPK fertilizer continually increased the content of soil organic carbon,readily oxidable organic carbon,humus carbon,and their proportion in total organic carbon,HAC,FAC and HAC/FAC,but decreased Kos progressively.However,without fertilizer or NPK fertilizer application alone increased Kos and lowered the content of the other indices.Dynamic change of soil organic matter quality with different fertilization treatments showed an asymptotic curve.In the different experimental periods,the proportion of HAC in the loss or profit of soil humus carbon was different.


Manhole covers must provide adequate strength and durability over the intended service life. In addition to operating loads, the lifespan of cast-iron manhole covers is strongly influenced by the conditions of installation and cover placement after opening or closing. These can include a vertical displacement from the plane of the carriageway during installation or the settlement of the terrain around the cover afterwards. After opening and closing the cover, the lid often only partially touches the support surface due to stones or other impurities caught on the surface or under the cover. These events can significantly affect the lifespan of the cover. In this study, an improved geometry of the cast-iron cover is proposed and analysed from an operational strength point of view. Initially, the geometry and potential critical points were scrutinized, and typical loads on the cover were determined. A numerical model was then set to simulate the behaviour during typical operation. In the simulations, the impact of the critical scenarios was analysed by dividing the impact parameters into individual levels. The simulation results reveal the suitability of the improved cover geometry.


A new numerical technique for periodic small signal analysis, based on the harmonic balance method, is proposed. Special-purpose numerical procedures, based on Krylov subspace methods, are developed that reduce the computational efforts of solving linear problems under frequency sweeping. Examples are given to show the efficiency of the new algorithm for computing the small signal characteristics for typical RF circuits.


To the editor:

Donor-related malignancy is a rare complication after solid organ transplantation. We present a unique case of a patient with donor-derived acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after kidney transplantation.

A 69-year-old male presented with fatigue, fever, diarrhea, and vomiting. He had a


The use of feeding tubes in the delivery of nutrition (calories and nutrients) is an important aspect to consider as part of the nutritional assessment. Consideration should be given to calorific v...


Governor Jon Corzine announces the reduction of the number of uninsured New Jersey residents by over 11 percent while the number of uninsured in the U.S. rose by 1.5 percent. Since 2006 NJ FamilyCare enrollment for children and adults increased by 24 percent.


The dike seawall is very easy to be destroyed by the timeless ocean wave, which makes the seawall comparatively higher and the overall stability reduced. The single-row piles are used to reinforce the safety and stability the seawall and the theory of soil pressure of Lanken and limit equilibrium method are employed to calculate the inserted length of the pile.


We demonstrate the existence of temporal solitons in a coherently driven laser, pumped below its lasing threshold. We study how the gain saturation impacts this new localized structure, both theoretically and experimentally.


This is a report about Hidden Markov Models, a data structure used to model the probabilities of sequences, and the three algorithms associated with it. The algorithms are the forward algorithm and the Viterbi algorithm, both used to calculate the probability of a sequence, and the forward-backward algorithm, used to train a Hidden Markov Model on a set of sequences, raising the propabilites of these and similar sequences.


Abstract Objective: This meta-analysis was to compare clinical outcomes of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV rtPA) administered within 3 hours versus 3–4.5 hours after symptom onset. Methods: We collected all interventional or observational studies that compared clinical outcomes of IV rtPA treatment within 3 hours and 3–4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke onset by searching PubMed (up to October 2012), Embase (1966 to October 2012) and Web of Science (2003 to October 2012) as well as manually searching the references of articles retrieved. The combined effect was calculated by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to analyze favorable functional outcome, mortality and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) at 90 days. Publication bias was analyzed by Begg's funnel plot and Egger's regression test. Results: Our initial search identified a total of 27,391 articles. After reviewing the titles, abstracts and full text, a total of six studies and more than 25,000 patients were included in the final meta-analysis. The combined analyses demonstrated significant differences in the favorable outcome (modified Rankin scale, mRS: 0–2): OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81–0.98 and very favorable outcomes (mRS: 0–1): OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.78–0.94 between two groups, which were both in favor of the 3–4.5 hours group. When all studies reporting data on sICH were combined, the overall summary OR indicated no differences in the two groups. The combined analyses showed no significant differences in 90 day mortality and 7 day mortality between within 3 hours and 3–4.5 hours. Conclusions: This meta-analysis does not provide any evidence that treatment with rtPA within 3–4.5 hours is less safe than treatment within 3 hours. It suggests that treatment with IV rtPA may be recommended to ischemic stroke patients that present within 4.5 hours of onset, although every effort should be made to give those patients IV rtPA within 3 hours of symptom onset.


Abstract A mathematical model of dynamical systems consisting of differential algebraic equations (DAEs) has been successfully developed in various fields of study, which include computational biology, control systems design, fluid dynamics and many more. In this paper, a mathematical model constituting DAEs of policy holder switching within the life insurance market is introduced. In this study, only two theoretical cases of policy holder switching are considered, which are simulated by varying the values of rate constants within the mathematical model. It is observed that the mathematical model provides the future trend of companies depending on their positive/negative features. This model is one of the initial steps towards determining the future trends of companies, so that insurance companies can take important measures to rectify issues (such as decline and inability to capture new policy holders) that are going to occur in the future.


The gametogenic and spat settlement patterns of two Mytihis edulis beds were studied in Dundrum Inner Bay, Northern Ireland. There was evidence of gonad development throughout the year with the main development period between November and March. Spawning was protracted, lasting from May to November. Slight inter-annual and inter-population differences in the riming of the phases were observed but the cycles at both beds were broadly similar to each other and to those of other British and Irish sites. Settlement occurred throughout the year and there was evidence of both primary and secondary spat settlement at both sites. Although the reproductive cycles were similar, distinct seasonal and inter-site differences in spatfall were apparent. At the Downshire Bridge bed, settlement peaked during summer and was dominated by spat in the 0·;5-1·0 mm size range. At Ballykinler, settlement levels were highest in the winter months and larger (>1 mm) spat dominated the samples. The orientation of spat collection pads also significantly affected numbers of the larger (>1 mm) spat. Collectors facing the flood tide attracted significantly more secondary settlers than ebb-facing collectors. This effect varied seasonally and was greater at the Ballykinler bed. It is suggested that hydrodynamic regimes may be an important factor in the differences in settlement patterns of M. edulis.


In view of the fact that hybrid offshore renewable energy power generation system is composed of offshore wind power generation, wave power generation and tidal power generation and they are integrated as a whole, there is considerable random fluctuation in the output power of the hybrid generation system. To reduce the affection of power fluctuation on power grid the battery energy storage system is adopted to smooth the output power of the hybrid generation system. On this basis, considering the state of charge of batteries, a coordinated control strategy, which can keep output power of the hybrid generation system as smooth as possible and prevent the over-charging/over-discharging of batteries in the meantime, is proposed. When the state of charge of batteries is maintained in the normal level, the power fluctuation can be suppressed by the charging/discharging of batteries; when over-charging of batteries occurs, output power of generators can be reduced by the coordinated control of overspeed and pitch-varying of wind turbines and tidal generation units; when over-discharging of batteries occurs, the normal working state of batteries can be recovered by reducing the output power setting at grid-side. Results of calculation example show that the proposed coordinated control strategy is correct and effective.


This paper deals with the concept of style, one of the most popular and ambiguous concept in psychological science.
Two main approaches to styles are examined. The author is of opinion that their fallaciousness springs from fallaciousness
of root metaphors and dualistic ontology. Dispositional interpretation of style based on logical behaviorism of Gilbert Ryle
is suggested.