The invention provides a temporary reinforcing structure used for hoisting of a prefabricated part. The prefabricated part is provided with a hole. The temporary reinforcing structure comprises a reinforcing rod arranged across the hole, an embedded sleeve embedded in the prefabricated part, and a fixing piece passing through two ends of the reinforcing rod and being moveably plugged with the embedded sleeve. Through arranging the embedded sleeve in the prefabricated part, and arranging the reinforcing rod across the hole, and passing the fixing piece through two ends of the reinforcing rod and moveably plugging the fixing piece with the embedded sleeve, the reinforcing rod is fixed on the prefabricated part, so as to improve tension limiting value which the prefabricated part can bear, and solve problems that the prefabricated part with the hole easily breaks in a hoisting process.


Background: Extensive use of pesticide is an essential part of modern agriculture. However, there is growing concern regarding off-target contamination due to pesticide drift from treated fields, a...


In this paper, based on the in-depth research on the related technologies of data mining and mining algorithms for association rules, it explores how to improve the effectiveness of the Apriori algorithm, and attempts to use the self-adaptive step length leap and dynamic pruning candidate itemsets to improve the defects of the Apriori algorithm, and then proposes an improved Apriori algorithm. In this paper, it focuses to explore how to apply the data mining techniques to the library management system to improve the management level and the efficiency of service, and hopes to play the reference and promoting roles in the research work of related scholars in this field.


There is no single best manure handling system. Odor and appropriate time of disposal are two of the most difficult waste problems facing dairymen. Systems may range from a gutter cleaner and daily...


During last 100 years a lot of various indices eval uated thermal impact of environment on man were developed. Most of them have not any relat ions o physiological response of human organism. The last years bring new generation of th e human heat balance models, so called multi node models. They consider all mechanisms of heat regula tion in the human body. Basing on Fiala multi node model new Universal Thermal Climate Index ( UTCI) was developed in the frame of COST 730 Action. The paper presents methodological backgroun d of an index, problems regarded preparation of input data and principles of UTCI interpretation.


The authors investigate the relationship between mortgage current coupons and Treasury rates and swap rates using several regression-based approaches. While Treasury rates have predicted mortgage rates well in the past, swap rates appear to have become more reliable predictors since about 1998.


where vs ′ and vf ′ are the effective vertical stress reached before the removal of surcharge and final effective vertical stress, respectively. According to the observed ground surface settlements in Fig. 9 and the pore-water pressure measurements in Fig. 10, end of primary (EOP) consolidation was probably reached near 610 days when the 20 kPa surcharge was removed. The post-surcharge secondary settlement is computed using (Terzaghi et al. 1996, p. 110)


Chinese traditional ethics are penetrative and they are a part of advanced culture of humanity. It is the intellectuals' sacred duty and obligation to explain them, spread them, develop them and practise them. Under the system of market economy, the importance of editing and publishing of "Zhong Guo Chuan Tong Mei De" is demonstrated not only in its practical value in the construction of citizens' ethics, but in the realization of politics civilization, economy civilization and culture civilization, even in the integration of the world.


A transdermal delivery system is described, where the system comprises a drug reservoir layer comprising an active agent and a skin contact adhesive layer. A microporous membrane that has been pretreated with a membrane treatment composition before the membrane is incorporated into the system is disposed between the drug reservoir layer and the skin contact adhesive layer.


Outcomes for patients with recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are poor, with median overall survival ranging from 6 to 18 months. For those who progress on standard of care (chemo)immunotherapy, treatment options are limited, necessitating the development of rational therapeutic strategies. Toward this end, we targeted the key HNSCC drivers PI3K-mTOR and HRAS via the combination of tipifarnib, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, and alpelisib, a PI3Kα inhibitor, in multiple molecularly defined subsets of HNSCC. We find that tipifarnib synergizes with alpelisib at the level of mTOR in PI3Kα-or HRAS-dependent HNSCCs, leading to marked cytotoxicity in vitro and tumor regression in vivo. Based on these findings, we have launched the KURRENT-HN trial to evaluate the effectiveness of this combination in PIK3CA-mutant/amplified and/or HRAS-overexpressing R/M HNSCC. Preliminary evidence supports the clinical activity of this molecular biomarker-driven combination therapy. Significance Backed by strong mechanistic rationale, the combination of alpelisib and tipifarnib has the potential to benefit >45% of R/M HNSCC patients. By blocking feedback reactivation of mTORC1, tipifarnib may prevent adaptive resistance to additional targeted therapies, thereby enhancing their clinical utility.


Covalently attaching ubiquitin (Ub) to cellular proteins as a post‐translational modification can result in altered function of modified proteins. Enzymes regulating Ub as a post‐translational modification, such as ligases and deubiquitinases, are challenging to characterize in part due to the low throughput of in‐vitro assays. Single‐molecule nanopore based assays have the advantage of detecting proteins with high specificity and resolution, and in a label‐free, real‐time fashion. Here we demonstrate the use of a MspA nanopore for discriminating and quantifying Ub proteins. We further applied the MspA pore to measure the Ub‐chain disassembly activity of UCH37, a proteasome associated deubiquitinase. The implementation of this MspA system into nanopore arrays could enable high throughput characterizations of unknown deubiquitinases as well as drug screening against disease related enzymes.


Risk-based decision-making is an important problem of decision-making science.This paper establishes Fuzzy estimation model of natural state probability for its fuzzy uncertainty and makes optimal decision-making based on the value of the optimal decision-making criteria of expectations of gain or loss.Then this paper proved the validity and reliability of Fuzzy estimation model through the practical application.This paper studies the issue of risk-based decision-making solution and provides a new quantitative analysis method.Therefore,It has an important theoretical and applied value.


The first line of this poein is cited by Keating II284 introducing stanzas 22, 23, with reference to the reign, of Lugaidh Mac Con. It is found in the RIA transcript of the Book of Lismore (23 H 6) 199 a preceded by the usual prose introduction in the Acallamh style. The poem alone, detached from its setting, 23 occurs also RIA -̂39 Ρ· 185, where it is attributed to Caoilte mac Ronain. The first seven stanzas — those proper to Cnucha — occur in the Dindshenchas of that place Book of Lecan 525 a and Stowe Ms D II2 fo.Slb. The body of the poem (10—49) is a recital of the reigns of the kings of Ireland from Conn and Eoghan Taidlech to the three Collas. It breaks Off with a digression on Finn's age and Caoilte gives a detailed account of the baptism of the Fianna and the new names they received. Caoilte then proceeds to Tara where he hopes to end his life. The spellings Cnucha and Cuncha fluctuate. The former finds more favour with the scribe of Ο and is uniform in Lc and D.


A quake-triggered tsunami lashed the Andaman coast of southern Thailand on December 26, 2004 at around 9.30 am local time. It was the first to strike the shorelines of southern Thailand in living memory. Coastal provinces along the Andaman coast suffered a total of 5,395 deaths – more than half of whom were foreign tourists, with another 2,822 reported missing. Of the 6 affected coastal provinces, Phang Nga was the worst-hit province with some 4,224 lives lost and 7,003 ha of land area devastated. Takua Pa District, which was a prime tourist area with numerous beach resorts, was the most severely affected area in Phang Nga Province. Through the use of the aerial photographs and Ikonos images, it was found that 4,738 ha of Takua Pa District's coastal area were affected by the tsunami. The tsunami run-up heights of 7-8, 5-7 and 10-12 metres, were observed at, respectively, Ban Namkhem, Pakarang Cape and Ban Bangnieng in Takua Pa District. The tsunami caused heavy damage to houses, tourist resorts, fishing boats and gear, culture ponds and crops, and consequently affected the livelihood of large numbers of the coastal communities. The destructive wave impacted not only soil and water resources, but also damaged healthy coral reefs, sea grass beds and beach forests. The surviving victims faced psychosocial stresses resulting from the loss of their loved ones, being rendered homeless and fears of another tsunami. The tsunami effects on human settlements, livelihoods, coastal resources, natural environment together with the psychosocial well being of the coastal communities have contributed to the degradation of the coastal ecosystems. Following the 2004 event, it has become apparent that the country's disaster management strategies need to be strengthened through the implementation of mitigation and preparedness options to enhance the community's resilience to natural events such as tsunami. The improved strategies are discussed in this paper.


I n the West, we are witnessing a remarkable regrouping of political forces. Marxism is seen by more and more people as a pure fantasy, irrelevant to our time and day, although it will, of course, linger on for a while in some educational establishments. But with its decline, we may perhaps be returning to the political problems that preoccupied pre-Marxian thinkers, in particular the old tension between conservatism and liberalism. There is one difference: now, those who call themselves socialists are in fact conservatives, while self-styled conservatives are, at least sometimes, liberals. In this paper, I propose accordingly to examine one or two conservative (socialist) arguments against the market order, not in terms of efficiency, but other values, which, it is alleged, market supporters cannot take into account. I will do this with special reference to Hegel, as he seems to inspire many contemporary nonMarxian critics of capitalism.


A novel nylon-6/clay/acrylate rubber ternary nanocomposite has been prepared using a process developed by the authors. The process consists of two steps: firstly, an acrylate rubber/clay composite (ARCC) was manufactured by spray-drying a mixture of clay slurry and irradiated acrylate rubber latex; secondly, the nylon-6/unmodified clay/acrylate rubber ternary nanocomposite was prepared by blending ARCC and nylon-6. It has been found that the acrylate rubber particles and clay platelets can help each other to disperse or exfoliate in the nylon-6 matrix. The silicate layers without organic treatment are exfoliated with the aid of irradiated acrylate rubber particles and the irradiated acrylate rubber particles are uniformly dispersed in the matrix with the aid of clay platelets. The novel nanocomposite prepared using the new process shows simultaneously high impact strength, high flexural modulus and high heat distortion temperature. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry


The porous vesicles reported so far have hydrophilic surfaces. If the surfaces are chemically modified to be compatible with common organic solvents, their application will be extended. 1,2-Bis[9-(4-vinylbenzyloxycarbonyl)nonanoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (BNPC) was synthesized and used as a polymerizable surfactant for the present study. Vesicles composed of BNPC and cholesterol with embedded divinylbenzene were polymerized, followed by skeletonization (removal of cholesterol) and hydrolysis (cleavage of the ester bonds in BNPC unit). The resulting vesicles (250 nm) whose surfaces contain hydroxyl groups appeared to have holes with diameters up to several tens of nanometers. They were dispersed in water, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, and chloroform. The turbidity of the dispersions decreased as follows:  water > methanol > tetrahydrofuran > chloroform. The dispersion in water remained turbid with some precipitates during storage, but those in methanol and tetrahydrofuran appeared to be clear with white ...


For the acceleration of the development of olive production in Guangyuan city,an analysis was made of the present status of the operating model of "company+production+planter" through investigation and study,including its mechanism,policy,investment,production technologies and cooperative economy institution in rural region etc. and pointing out some main problems in olive production.At last the corresponding suggestions and measures were put forward for the olive operation mode of the "company+base+planter" in the establishment of rural economic associations organizations,standard production etc.in Guangyuan according to the analytical results.


Basilar artery occlusion is a rare cause of stroke with a high case fatality rate and an often poor clinical outcome among survivors. Our limited knowledge on the outcome in patients with basilar artery occlusion comes from small case series of selected patients. Study Aim The main purpose of the registry is to collect preliminary data that will help direct the design of a future clinical treatment trial. The target number of patients included is 500. Design BASICS is a prospective, observational, multi-center, international registry of consecutive patients presenting with a symptomatic and radiologically confirmed basilar artery occlusion. Study Outcomes From November 2002 until December 2006 data have been collected on 400 patients, from 42 centers in 12 countries. Most patients were treated with IA therapy (55%), followed by antithrombotics (29%) and IV thrombolysis (6%). The overall mortality was 45%.


Concrete reinforcement steel bar when it began ordering from manufacturers and further functionalized into the building structure experience bending process to ease the transportation activity or while loading and unloading is not willful bent. Environmental conditions also affect the physical and mechanical condition of the reinforcement steel bar. From the many environmental conditions of corrosion, the selected scope is the peat water as a characteristic geographical conditions in Riau Province. The research methodology is testing experimentally. Concrete reinforcement steel bar is bent on angle (α) 20o, 40o, 60o, 80o, 100o, 120o, 140o, 160o, and 180o. There are two groupings of each bending specimens, they are soaked in the peat water and not soaked in the peat water. Then the specimens is straightened for tensile testing. The average tensile strength and ductility of reinforcing steel bar increase varies depending on the bending angle when compared to normal reinforcement steel bar. The percentage of elongation decreased due to the bending depends of bending angle. Meanwhile, due to bending and soaked in the peat water, the tensile strength was increased but not exceeding the sample group were not soaked and the value of elongation decreased lower than the reinforcing steel bar that is not soaked. Keywords: Bending, Steel bar, Peat Water, Strength


Speech acts, mental acts and thinking skills in practices of philosophy for children. This paper aims to describe the links between speech
acts and thinking skills in a new type of corpus: the philosophical discussions with children. Reflective practices have been developing over the last twenty years in several countries from Lipman's educational program, called Philosophy for children. The majority of existing studies describing this conversation new form are produced in psychology, pedagogy and education sciences researches. Thus, linguistic analysis about this topic are few and recent (Auriac-Peyronnet & Colletta, 2015). To fill this lack, we propose to analyze philosophical discussions with regard to the relationships between dialog, speech and thought.


We describe the computational techniques employed in the recently updated Fourier local correlation tracking (FLCT) method. The FLCT code is then evaluated using a series of simple, 2D, known flow patterns that test its accuracy and characterize its errors.


The main focus of this research concerned disparities between two groups of adolescents from alcoholic and non-alcoholic families regarding religious coping strategies. Theoretical assumptions, being the basis of this research, refer to Pargament's conception of religion as an integral part of the process of coping with stress. The following hypotheses were stated: adolescents from alcoholic families more often use religious coping strategies, and individuals engaged in religious activity, compared to those not engaged, more often choose positive religious coping strategies. The research was conducted using a sample of 228 individuals, aged 17–19 years. All subjects declared Roman Catholic denomination. The survey was used to distinguish between the main groups. To evaluate religious coping strategies, the Polish version of the RCOPE was used. The results showed that adolescents from alcoholic families, compared to non-alcoholic families, more often perceived their situation as the Act of the Devil. They also expressed dissatisfaction more often with God and the Church. Adolescents from alcoholic families not engaged religiously more often perceived their situation as a punishment from God than those who were engaged religiously. Individuals engaged religiously and girls used religious coping strategies more often than those not engaged and more often than boys.


One of the main goals of digital content authentication and preservation techniques is to guarantee the originality and quality of the information. In this article, robust watermarking is used to embed content-based fragile signatures in multimedia signals to achieve efficient authentication without requiring any third-party reference or side information. To overcome the signature alteration caused by the embedding perturbation and other possible encoding operations, a closed-form compensation technique is proposed for ensuring signature consistency by employing a Lagrangian-based approach. A minimum distortion criterion is used to ensure signal quality. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is investigated with simulations of examples of image authentication in which signatures are designed to reveal tamper localization. Results using quantitative performance criteria show successful authentication over a range of robustness in embedding watermarks using both QIM-DM and spread-spectrum techniques. A comparison with two iterative compensation schemes is also presented.


Description Large study hints that taking metformin before conception could raise risk of birth defects by affecting sperm Large study hints that taking metformin before conception could raise risk of birth defects by affecting sperm


Purpose: In order to reach the new educational goals, professional learning of teachers is becoming more important. This study examines the extent to which collective leadership practices affect professional learning of teachers, as mediated by teacher self-efficacy. More specifically, how teachers' participation in the learning activities keeping up-to-date, experimenting and reflection and information sharing and asking for feedback is influenced by teacher self-efficacy and the leadership practices setting directions, developing people, redesigning the organization and improving the instructional program. Research design: The data was collected by use of a survey and in total, 127 teachers of ten elementary schools in the Netherlands participated in the research. Findings: Results showed that collective leadership practices affected teachers' engagement in the social learning activity information sharing and asking for feedback. Furthermore, the leadership practices positively influenced teacher self-efficacy. Teachers' self-efficacy beliefs positively influenced the individual and social learning activities. Finally, teacher self-efficacy partly mediated the effect of collective leadership practices on information sharing and asking for feedback. Conclusion: Leadership practices can enhance teacher self-efficacy and stimulate teachers' engagement in social learning activities. Teacher self-efficacy is a mediating variable in the influence of leadership practices on social learning.


Many caregivers of psychiatric patients bema1 individuals. But these get ironed out lieve that marriage is the cure for their wards without much scarring. But in the case of illness, irrespective of the ability of the papsychiatric patients these get exaggerated , tient to take up the responsibility. Many of either due to illness or treatment or bath, leadthem get their wards married against the ading to greater difficulties. Stability of marvice of the psychiatrist to regret latter ( riage by way of long duration of marriage is Gopala Sarma, 1998). Marital status is well no indication of quality of marriage. Quality recognized as a key demographic variable of marriage implies overall satisfaction of associated with both mental and physical both the Partners. Though most of the marhealth (Willittsi,M.et a1 2004). Marital relariages continue for years, not all of them are tionships require effort from both harmonious. This is because of various rea-


A method for manufacturing a wind turbine rotor blade (35) comprising a trailing edge (11) by means of Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding is described. The method comprises the steps of laying up a number of layers (41) comprising fibre material onto the inner surface (49a) of a first mould part (46a), laying up a plurality of fibre rovings (44) onto the number of layers (41) at a position which forms the trailing edge (11) of the blade (35), and casting the blade (35) using Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding.


The structural and transport properties of thin films of the insulating perovskite PrBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3-y/Nb/sub y/O/sub 7-z/ (PrBCNO for y=1) were characterized. This material is a promising candidate for applications requiring high-quality epitaxial insulating layers in YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-y/ thin-film circuits: PrBCNO is nearly tetragonal with <2% lattice mismatch to YBCO, thus allowing the possibility of epitaxial multilayer growth. PrBCNO single films and PrBCNO-YBCO multilayers have been grown using pulsed-laser deposition: growth conditions typical for YBCO result in highly c-axis-oriented PrBCNO films and multilayers on a variety of


Audrey Isabel Richards, CBE, FBA (8 July 1899–29 June 1984) was a pioneering British social anthropologist. Born in London, she was the second of four daughters of Sir Henry Erle Richards and Isabel. Her father was posted in Calcutta, India between 1904 and 1909, where she spent her early childhood. The family returned to England in 1911, and her father was Chichele Professor of Public International Law at Oxford.


Ekphrasis of My Heart : or Argumentation Through Pathetic Description Etymologically, ekphrasis can be understood as « a description that goes all the way ». Analyses of its nature abound ; but has the way it pervades contemporary modern culture been noted ? It signals a culture which pre- fers Pathetic description to fact and rationality.


In 1985 M. Matsumoto[8] studied the theory of Finslerian hypersurfaces and he has defined three kinds of hypersurfaces. After word many geometers [1],[2],[7],[9], etc. studied the geometry of Finslerian hypersurfaces given by \beta-change. The purpose of the present paper is to study the three kinds of the hyperplanes and Matsumoto change of Finsler metric.


Indonesia is an area prone to earthquakes because it is traversed by the meeting point of 3 tectonic plates, namely: the Indo-Australian plate, the Eurasian plate and the Pacific plate. An earthquake is an event where the earth vibrates due to a sudden restraint of energy in the earth which is characterized by the breaking of rock layers in the earth's crust. Almost all regions in Indonesia are at risk of being exposed to earthquakes. To anticipate the risk of natural disasters, earthquakes are advised to join the insurance program provided by the insurance company. This study aims to determine earthquake insurance premiums based on large physical and economic losses. The method used is the Bayesian method. This method produces each estimated loss value which is then used to calculate the combined estimated loss value. After that, the combined estimated loss value is used to calculate the premium value. The result of this research is the premium which is calculated based on the principle of expected value and standard deviation principle. The premium resulting from the expected value principle is lower than the premium resulting from the standard deviation principle.


We formulate the Bogoliubov variational principle in a mathematical framework similar to the generalized Hartree-Fock theory. Then we analyze the Bogoliubov theory for bosonic atoms in details. We discuss heuristically why the Bogoliubov energy should give the first correction to the leading energy of large bosonic atoms.


In an area known for endemic Q fever, eight of 52 cases of nonbacterial pneumonia were proven to be caused by infection with Coxiella burnettii . Intimate contact with a possible source of infection was excluded in all patients and dust-borne transmission of the rickettsial organism from animal to man was implicated. Symptoms, physical findings, and laboratory and roentgenographic data were similar to those previously described in Q fever and were indistinguishable from those found in viral or mycoplasmal pneumonia. All patients treated with tetracycline showed a dramatic response within 24 hours. Q fever must be considered in the diagnosis whenever nonbacterial pneumonia occurs in late summer or early fall in an area where Q fever is endemic. Early diagnosis and treatment will significantly reduce morbidity.


In the study of protein folding, our understanding of the protein structures is limited. In this paper we find one way to characterize the compact structures of lattice protein model. A quantity called "Partnum" is given to each compact structure. The Partnum is compared with the "Designability" of protein structures. It is shown that the highly designable structures have, on average, an atypical number of local degree of freedom. The statistical property of Partnum and its dependence on sequence length is also studied. (C) 2000 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(00)50313-4].


Extremal black holes are states in the non-perturbative spectrum of Supergravity theories. They may be charged under abelian fields and in this case give rise to an effective potential for the scalars. This, in addition, is responsible for the occurrence of an attractor mechanism: extremal solutions are determined by critical points of the effective potential. This implies that their supersymmetric features rely only on the algebraic properties of the electric-magnetic duality group.

In this thesis black holes solutions and their properties under duality transformations are analyzed in extended Supergravity theories in four dimensions.

An introductory part reviews the construction of electric-magnetic duality invariant theories and describes the symplectic covariant formalism both in the case of N=2 and N>2 Supergravity theories. The attractor mechanism and black hole first order formalism are also reviewed.

The thesis than proceeds with the discussion of original results. First I discuss the ungauged N=8 theory and show how the supersymmetric properties of black hole duality orbits are manifest, once the proper representations of vectors and scalar fields in different symplectic frames is chosen, according to the algebraic branching of the orbit with respect to the duality group. In particular, one of these cases corresponds to the Kaluza-Klein reduction of the theory from five dimensions, as it can be seen from the relation between the central charge in four and five dimensions. Explicit computations are possible if one restricts the solutions to the stu-truncation.

Then I present static dyonic black holes in the context of N=2 U(1) gauged supergravity in four dimensions, with AdS4 asymptotic geometry. It is shown that the flow of scalar fields and metric warp factors is governed by first order equations that can be derived for a general U(1) gauging potential. Explicit examples are finally presented, which only preserve up to half of the supersymmetry and thus evade previous no-go theorems


ART WORLD AURAWe have presented the perspective that art informs psychoanalysis about the narcissistic drive and its derivatives, thus revising the older paradigm of "applied psychoanalysis." The art world, that social realm of fabulously wealthy collectors, burgeoning museum building by "starchitects," the Louvre "franchise" in Abu Dhabi, record prices that keep bootstrapping their way to hundreds of millions of dollars, and the "promiscuous" couplings and crossovers that now regularly happen between art and fashion, art and technology, pop culture, the star system, and political movements can perhaps also give us some further insight into the nature of human idealization. This could be called the "applied art world."Art world expansion, in economic and in territorial terms, and its business model that also has the boom-and-bust features of the stock market, creates a sense of progress that brings the art world in line with the general objectives of civilization. Formerly, a sense of progress was produced by the march of the avant-gardes, but this has been replaced by an open-ended and unrestricted field in which there is virtually no need for systems of justification, nor are there criteria such as taste to enforce them.The art world presents us with a new cultural milieu, often closer to the speed and violence of rocketry than the traditional paradigm of painting. As Action Painting (figure 10.1) so humorously illustrates, the logic at work in the progress of civilization is not the same as in painting.Yet it is not only a matter of the speed that allows Cezanne to paint a bowl of fruit and prevents one from painting a rocket launch - the entropie processes are ultimately similar. So perhaps there is another interpretation to Action Painting. Maybe Tansey is suggesting that the art world is capturing something of the speed and violence of the contemporary world (science, technology, etc.). A different logic is at work, but it is obvious that the "aura" continues to be very present - art continues to exert very powerful attractions, despite loss of all those aspects that Benjamin and Adorno thought were essential for aura: aesthetic distance, tradition, contemplation and "mark of the hand," and a kind of frozen spacetime. It is hard to know exactly what generates the contemporary aura; it does seem that it is not just a question of being parasitic on the historical aura, since very new and very bizarre objects also continue to mobilize it. The general public's engagement seems now to be more than occasional moments of hysterical interest, as were evident in the fascination with the discovery of the Venus de Milo (Fuller, 1988), or the brief visit of the Mona Lisa to the United States, arranged by Jackie Kennedy (Davis, 2008). There is now a sustained manic excitement in the art world that is quite unlike what has gone on before. The point is that within this excitement, idealizability continues to be one of art's most adherent qualities.The art world is behaving as a kind of social Large Haydron Collider. That device has a remarkable basic procedure: to understand matter, you take particles of it and smash them together at the greatest possible velocity and see what happens. The art world does this by creating an ambience of unrestricted combinations, allowing the "force field" of almost any realm to react with that of art, when they are thrown together at the great speed of our new social process. What flies out of these collisions is a new and intensified "aura." This aura is, in psychoanalytic terms, of course, the enigmatic aspect of art that references idealization.This suggests another study, beyond this book: drawing out and understanding the implications of new forms of social narcissism that the art world is instantiating if not inventing. Do the techniques and metapsychological structures of psychoanalysis also have to shift from Renaissance perspectival models to a new hyper-drive baroque? …


Screen Reader/2 is IBM's access system for OS/2, providing blind users access to the graphical user interface (GUI) of Presentation Manager, to Windows programs running under OS/2, and to text mode DOS and OS/2 programs. Screen Reader/2 is a completely redesigned and rewritten follow-on to IBM's Screen Reader Version 1.2 for DOS. There has been considerable discussion about the technical challenges, difficulties, and inherent obstacles presented by the GUI. Not enough time and energy has been devoted to the successes in GUI access, in part because the developers of GUI access software have had their hands full trying to solve very difficult problems. This paper will describe how IBM Screen Reader makes the GUI accessible.


Intramolecular crosslinking is important in many processes, including nanoparticle fabrication, but quantitative models of the kinetics have not been extensively investigated. We propose a distribution kinetics analysis for simultaneous intramolecular and intermolecular crosslinking. For realistic cases, moment equations can be solved and crosslink density computed according to the number of crosslinks. An analytical solution for the ratio of intramolecular to intermolecular crosslinking rates varies inversely with the initial polymer concentration and initial molecular weight, in agreement with published experimental data.


Surgery launches a systemic inflammatory reaction that reaches the brain and associates with immune activation and cognitive decline. Although preclinical studies have in part described this systemic‐to‐brain signaling pathway, we lack information on how these changes appear in humans. This study examines the short‐ and long‐term impact of abdominal surgery on the human brain immune system by positron emission tomography (PET) in relation to blood immune reactivity, plasma inflammatory biomarkers, and cognitive function.


Universal interventions are designed to systematically teach and reinforce consistent behavioral expectations. The purpose of this study was to provide an example of a group contingency classwide intervention called Anchor the Boat that operationally defined behavioral expectations, taught those expectations using teacher-directed instruction and role playing, and reinforced students when they met the behavioral criteria. Ten students attending a fourth- and fifth-grade learning-support classroom participated in the study. A multiple baseline design across three subject areas (i.e., reading, language arts, math) was used to evaluate the effects of the program on three target behaviors: talk outs, out of seat, and incomplete assignments. Following the classwide intervention, a substantial and steady decrease in level and rate was observed for talk-out behavior across all three classes. However, results for incomplete assignments and out-of-seat behavior are ambiguous and inconclusive.


Geometries and energies for clusters (n=0,…, 11) have been calculated using standard ab-initio methods. Up to the clusters with n=6, three different Pople basis sets (DZ, TZ, TZP) have been used in the calculations. For larger cluster sizes, the calculations have been carried out with one basis set (DZ) using the HF/CISD method. We discuss here only the nice counterplay of polarization effects between the central ion and the adsorbed H2 molecules, which naturally governs both the geometric structure and energy of the clusters.


Henryk Mruk, 2012, Marketing. Satysfakcja klienta i rozwoj przedsicbiorstwa. [Marketing. Customer Satisfaction and Business Development], Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa, pp. 328, ISBN 978-83-01-16967-1Marketing. Satysfakcja klienta i rozwoj przedsicbiorstwa [English title: Marketing. Customer Satisfaction and Business Development] by prof. Henryk Mruk, published in 2012 by Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN is an interesting and valuable work that will become a significant source on marketing in Poland.The book merits positive assessment for several reasons. Firstly, it is an independent pub - lication of Prof. Mruk's a marketing specialist, the author of many prominent and valuable publications on marketing highly regarded in Poland, and an outstanding academic whose lively teaching style penetrates the pages of the book. This is already visible in the acknowledgments (p. 12), where the author explains the main concept behind the book, which is explicit throughout the whole work. The fact that the book was written separately by the author must have required a lot of effort as an attempt to embrace the whole discipline and show it in the form of a monograph is a great challenge for any author. This task is the more difficult for marketing - aptly stressed by the author - as it is a young field of study and its teaching methodology is not yet clear-cut. In practice, marketing is often equated with sales promotion, advertising and promotion in general, and its substantive structure is ever-changing. Prof. Mruk has confronted this challenge with a remarkable textbook.The concept behind the book and its realization also deserve appreciation. The book is characterized by precise language, an interesting style of analysis, great synthetic skills, logical argumentation, as well as high quality editorial layout. The book was written on the basis of author's extensive research regarding the most current specialist literature, his 40-year academic and teaching experience at Poznan University of Economics as well as hands-on experience derived from numerous, in-depth relationships with business practice. It is a flagship publication for the author, for whom marketing presents no mystery both in theory and practice. As a result Prof. Mruk's work proves to be a serious academic publication and an engaging textbook.Even the book's title emphasizes its uniqueness. Marketing. Customer satisfaction and business development. It is not a general publication about marketing but describes marketing's crucial identifying component. This is the paradigm that forms Prof. Mruk's underlying concept. The author claims that, by nature, marketing is an integration platform for the two fundamental elements of the market, enterprise and a consumer. The way in which this unity is provided for manifests itself in attempts to reach "customer satisfaction" and in "business development objective". This particular conjunction of interests expresses the real nature and core of marketing orientation. In this respect, one could refer to the theories of business enterprise - among others, Prof. A. Noga's theory of a "con-business", a company, the existence and the development of which is directed towards identifying and satisfying customer needs, or as Mruk puts it - towards reaching "customer satisfaction". The subtitle illustrates marketing's character and a certain change in the understanding and instruction of the discipline. Marketing not only constitutes a distinct function of an enterprise or is an "art of attaining customer satisfaction". It represents the entire concept and market activity of any enterprise or organization that functions within the limits and conditions of its environment. In such a case marketing is to form a platform for resource allocation in order to fulfill business aims which are gathered in a mission statement. They are further expressed in the strategies through which the mission statement is put into practice and which are directed at the market - as understood in its subjective dimension, hence, the target market which is created by a given segment. …


OVO-like proteins (OVOL) are members of the zinc finger protein family and serve as transcription factors to regulate gene expression in various differentiation processes. Recent studies have shown that OVOL genes are involved in epithelial development and differentiation in a wide variety of organisms; yet there is a lack of comprehensive studies that describe OVOL proteins from an evolutionary perspective. Using comparative genomic analysis, we traced three different OVOL genes (OVOL1-3) in vertebrates. One gene, OVOL3, was duplicated during a whole-genome-duplication event in fish, but only the copy (OVOL3b) was retained. From early-branching metazoa to humans, we found that a core domain, comprising a tetrad of C2H2 zinc fingers, is conserved. By domain comparison of the OVOL proteins, we found that they evolved in different metazoan lineages by attaching intrinsically-disordered (ID) segments of N/C-terminal extensions of 100 to 1000 amino acids to this conserved core. These ID regions originated independently across different animal lineages giving rise to different types of OVOL genes over the course of metazoan evolution. We illustrated the molecular evolution of metazoan OVOL genes over a period of 700 million years (MY). This study both extends our current understanding of the structure/function relationship of metazoan OVOL genes, and assembles a good platform for further characterization of OVOL genes from diverged organisms.


The participant was a 78-year-old man with idiopathic Parkinson's disease living at home with his wife. He had bilateral bradykinesia, tremor, flexed and asymmetric posture, a shuffling gait pattern with occasional freezing, mild intellectual impairment, depression, a restricted lifestyle, and a self-reported history of about one fall per month. Occupational therapy focused on the participant's goals, including self-care, fall prevention, yard care, co-piloting his aircraft, and church participation. Collaboration, spousal involvement, explanation, demonstration, practice, feedback, and refinement of performance strategies and assistive equipment marked the therapeutic process over six, once-weekly sessions. Outcomes included maintenance or increase in self-identified occupations despite disease progression over a six-month period as monitored by follow-up telephone calls. No falls were recorded on a standard falls calendar for an entire year. The use of participant-identified occupational forms in the home and community is recommended for persons with Parkinson's disease.


We propose an architecture and representation, based on the learning classifier system, for the learning of temporal behaviour in intelligent agents operating in environments where reasoning about time, as well as space, plays an important part in the success of a learning agent. We draw our inspiration from two main biological sources: first, the Darwinian model of evolution, embraced by the genetic algorithm (GA) and second, the proposed existence of internal clocks in organisms for learning of period and interval timing. Biological evidence for internal clocks and their use in living organisms are briefly summarised. We describe two versions, discrete and fuzzy, of a novel learning classifier system which incorporates internal clocks for the express purpose of learning temporal behaviour. Several possible application areas of the proposed classifier system can be envisaged. These include intelligent control, using the classifier system either for direct control or as a temporal model; artificial life in environments with temporal as well as spatial characteristics; and temporal pattern recognition.


Abstract This paper describes an experimental investigation into the process parameter effects on product quality in rotogravure printing. A production printing press was instrumented for the measurement of parameters including strategic temperatures, speeds and web tension. Through-the-run analysis was used to evaluate the fluctuation of the press parameters and the product quality. The trials indicated the parameters where process control is important and allowed the elimination of several parameters, including ink drying, from the main experimental programme. The parameters selected for the main experiments were those most often used for control purposes, or those that were varied between print jobs. Orthogonal array experiments were used, as these allow the simultaneous variation of several parameters and the investigation of interactions between parameters. The experiments were performed using a typical commercial print run once the production of saleable copy had been completed. The analysis of the print quality was carried out in the image areas using spectrophotometry. The experiments highlighted the sensitivity of the process to changes in ink viscosity and the non-linearity of the response. Doctor blade setting was also found to be important, whereas blade load and impression pressure had negligible impact. No interactions were found between any of the parameters investigated. For viscosity change, analysis of the printed image confirmed the importance of hydrodynamic mechanisms, but it was not possible to isolate ink dilution. For doctor blade angular setting, hydrodynamic behaviour appears secondary to cell transport and release mechanisms. This latter mechanism requires further investigation in order to establish a clear understanding.


&NA; Over the period 1981–92, 32 bacterial isolates were referred to the Microbiological Diagnostic Unit from infected dog‐bite wounds and 10 isolates were submitted from blood cultures after dog bites or close contact with dogs. The isolates from the bite wounds were identified, or confirmed, as Pasteurella multocida (11 isolates), Pasteurella dagmatis (3), CDC group M6 (9), CDC group EF‐4a (8) and Streptococcus anginosus (1). Five of the 9 patients from whom CDC group M‐5 was cultured had mixed infections: 2 with P. multocida one of which also had Bacteroides sp., one with P. dagmatis, one with CDC group EF‐4a and another with Bacteroides sp. Nine of the 10 blood isolates were identified as Capnocytophaga canimorsus. The remaining one of Streptobacillus moniliformis, which is typically associated with rat‐bite fever, was the result of a bite from a breed of dog (greyhound) that eats rodents. Clinical notes are provided for infections caused by the more unusual bacterial isolates and their laboratory identification is described.


The invention discloses a mask frame assembly for thin film deposition and a method of manufacturing the same. The mask frame assembly may be constructed with a supporting bar and a plurality of stick-type split masks installed on a frame while crossing each other. The supporting bar and the split masks are fixed to each other by being welded to each other at points where the supporting bar and the plurality of split masks cross, and a partial cutting portion is formed around each of the welding points by cutting portions of the split masks. By using the supporting bar, the split masks are prevented from drooping, and adhesion between the split masks and a substrate is enhanced.


The present paper deals with the di erential geometry of a Finsler space whose projective deviation tensor satisfies certain conditions. It discusses the projective motion in such Finsler space. A su cient condition has been obtained for the projective motion to be an a ne motion in a Finsler space whose projective deviation tensor is recur- rent. Similar problems have been discussed for recurrent and projective recurrent Finsler spaces. It is established that the projective motion, in a Finsler space for which the covariant derivative of the projective deviation tensor is symmetric, is an a ne motion or the space is of scalar curvature. AMS Subject Classification: 53B40.


Private equity PE refers to investments in privately held companies. Professional investment managers form a private equity fund with capital raised from institutional investors and wealthy individuals. With the expertise to find, evaluate and manage prospective investments, these managers build a portfolio with their investment mandate as a guide to investing in private firms in specific industrial sectors, geographical location or at certain stages of growth.


One thing that is characteristic of the judicial decision-making process regardless of the structure of the judiciary in a particular country or region is that the judge is responsible for making a decision that is both consistent with the law and is such that the people will follow it. This presents a judge with a very complex series of variables that must be considered when formulating a decision. The axiological approach to the analysis of the process and the outcome, the decision if you will, enhances both the quality of the content and the "validity" of the decision.


In this paper the work over past few years on drag and heat-transfer reduction using counterflow was briefly reviewed.With the NND scheme the Navier-Stokes equations were solved numerically to simulate the hypersonic flow around blunt body with the forward-facing jet located at the stagnation point.It is demonstrated that the difference between the 2-D planar cylinder and the axisymmetrical sphere cone can influence the heat-transfer reduction significantly.While the forward-facing jet reduce the heat-transfer over 2-D planar cylinder remarkably,it will produce the hot-spot on the shoulder of axisymmetrical sphere cone,with the local heat-transfer much higher than that without injection.Large jet-to-freestream pressure ratio can blunt the air-spike,weaken the attached λ-shape shock and eleminate the hot-spot on the shoulder.Therefore the goal to reduce the surface heat-transfer is achieved.The present work manifests that it is necessary to use model of proper dimension for experiment and numerical simulation.


We report first investigations on a ferroelectret transducer material that is based on the same layer sequence as a simple electret microphone. Only one electrically charged polymer film is employed instead of two as in previous tubular-channel ferroelectrets. The new materials design has major advantages such as a reduced number of polymer films to be processed and a reduced amount of expensive electret material, as well as the possibility to choose the polarity of the charged layer for optimal stability. A drawback seems to be a lower piezoelectric coefficient, since the values obtained in our preliminary experiments amount to roughly half of those found on bipolar ferroelectrets made from two polymer-electret films. Nevertheless, the d33 values observed on our samples are still twice as high as those of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and can be further improved, e.g. through modifications of the ferroelectret geometry, the layer sequence and the electret properties or via multi-layer stacking as already demonstrated for polypropylene piezoelectrets.


The presented studies are focused on the dependence of paper sheet strength properties such as tear resistance, burst, and extensibility on the composition of additive [chitosan blends with poly(vinyl alcohol) and gelated starch]. Chitosan acetate (cationic) and its blends caused an improvement of the strength properties of paper sheets by the substantial modification of cellulose (anionic) fibers, probably through the presence of strong ionic interactions. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 3210–3215, 2000


Diabetic Retinopathy is a major medical problem that causes damage to the eye. A need arises to detect it at an early stage. Since this ailment is symptomless, it can only be a diagnosed by oculist. Currently, the trained eye care specialists are not able to screen the exponential increase in the number of Diabetic Retinopathy patients. An automated Diabetic Retinopathy screening system will enable the detection of lesions accurately, thus helping the ophthalmologists. Microaneurysms are the earliest clinical signs of Diabetic Retinopathy. They are reddish in color and appear as small red spots on the retinal fundus images. Early detection of microaneurysm can help in the early treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy. This paper presents the study and review of various techniques used in detection of microaneurysm from the diabetic retinopathy images. This paper is motivated by need of increasing sensitivity and reducing computational time for detection and classification of microaneurysm from the diabetic retinopathy images. Retina images are obtained from the fundus camera and graded by skilled professionals. However there is considerable shortage of expert observers has encouraged computer assisted monitoring. Evaluation of blood vessels network plays an important task in a variety of medical diagnosis. Manifestations of numerous vascular disorders, such as diabetic retinopathy, depend on detection of the blood vessels network.In this work the fundus RGB image is used for obtaining the traces of blood vessels and areas of blood vessels are used for detection of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR).


National Standardized School Exam (USBN) is used to determine Student's graduation. This research aims to determine the characteristics of items for Math USBN in SMP on grade 9. This kind of research is a descriptive-explorative quantitative research. The data collected is a USBN test instrument at SMP Negeri 3 Pati and participants' answers, which are collected by documentation. The USBN instrument was validated by experts and the characteristic items of USBN instrument were analyzed using the classical test theory approach. The question items of math USBN test at SMP Negeri 3 Pati is generally moderately good. Based on the classical theory approach, the result of the validity is 0.924. 56.7% of items are very valid. The reliability is 0.78 categorized as high reliability. Generally, Math USBN items are in the easy category with a percentage of 83.3%. The results of discrimination index indicate that in general, USBN items are in a moderate category with a percentage of 60%. The distraction effectiveness shows that USBN items are in the functional category with a percentage of 50%.


Glaucoma arises due to the inadequate fluid flow from the drainage canals of the eye, leading to the crystallization of the fluid in the cornea and iris regions. We propose an algorithm to automatically compute this accretion from the ultrasound images of the eye. The existing techniques of glaucoma detection involve manual/computer aided strategies which confronts major challenges in the form of speed of processing and precision angle detection. Apart from improving the contrast of the low resolution ultrasound image, the algorithm aims to determine the exact location of the apex point of the anterior chamber region for efficient angle calculation. We realize that it is highly imperative to detect glaucoma in its early stages for diagnosis and hence the algorithm also addresses the importance of precise results with effective immunity towards speckle noise. The algorithm was tested with many samples of ultrasound images from diseased and normal eyes of a number of patients, which provided promising results in most cases.


Darussalam in formulating, propagating, and criticizing ruling-elite ideology; the purpose of military forces in Brunei; the activities of political exiles; how world and local news are presented in Brunei (with special attention to the period of the Gulf War); ethnic issues in Brunei; and some features of Brunei character (Braighlinn sees a fair amount of xenophobia and traditionalism, along with too little critical acumen in matters of politics, even among the educated). Many of these topics are very sensitive in Brunei, and various aspects of Braighlinn's study will not be well received there. Overall, his tone is critical. In a number of places it is clear that Braighlinn has paid very close attention to the sources (noting significant editorial changes between editions of sources, contradictions, and even shifts in spelling that have political significance). Whether Braighlinn has used the sources fairly or selectively, and whether he or she has adequately captured Brunei points of view, will have to be judged by those who have reviewed the sources and are close to the events and conditions described in the book. Of the few references that I could check, two were erroneous (they are mentioned in footnotes 141 and 142). Others were correct.


A carbon monoxide gas generation apparatus that would realize a high yield of carbon monoxide gas and operation with reduced maintenance. High yield of carbon monoxide gas and operation with reduced maintenance can be realizes by an apparatus comprising a reactor adapted to have a hydrocarbon gas, an oxygen gas and steam introduced therein as raw gases and cause the raw gases to undergo catalyticreaction on a catalyst to thereby carry out combustion reaction and transformation reaction of the hydrocarbon gas into a carbon monoxide gas as a mixed gas which is rich in hydrogen gas and high in carbon monoxide gas concentration and further comprising means for introducing steam downstream of the reactor.


Based on Lyapunov stability theory and exemplified by a Lorenz system, synchronization between two chaotic systems was achieved by directly transmitting the output of the drive system to the response system to control the output of the response system. This method helps to avoid using complicated controllers and an easy way of synchronization between two chaotic systems.


UO2's electrical properties and U's inherently high fission energy release make a UO2-based direct conversion neutron detector a tantalizing possibility, but the evolution of even rudimentary devices is inhibited by the absence of large, high quality single crystals of UO2. Hydrothermally grown UO2 is incorporated into a prototype device here, and laser light is used as a surrogate for neutron-induced fission events. Excitation sources with wavelengths of 325, 488, 532, and 633 nm are incident on the device for a variety of timescales to test the detection responses, resolution, and saturation behaviors. The non-amplified changes in the current are presented, including when the illumination's diameter, power, and location are altered. Photocurrent changes follow a positively correlated linear trend with power and device efficiency is inversely correlated with illumination wavelength. The impact of illumination time on the detection efficiency is discussed. Illumination event detection is independent of illumination surface area size and largely independent of the illumination location. The ramifications of these results with regard to the development of UO2 as a neutron detector are considered.


This research paper makes an exposition of the basic principle of the public management theory as its guidance, analyzes the problems related to the class attributes of public work projects, investment and financing system of public work projects and the selection of the methods for the implementation and construction of public work projects, and besides the current author has also made proposals for tapping the other fund channels other than the financial fund sources, established a kind of financing system to absorb the non-governmental but social funds and the management mode for the implementation of the relevant projects, namely, the finance-construction on consignment of public work projects, given an overall discussion of the key points of this mode and pointed out that this mode has found an effective approach to solve the low-efficient problems featured with the governmental and administrative centralization, unified investment, unified construction and monopoly over business operation.


This paper discusses the derivation,origin and translation of meme under the cognitive linguistic perspective,and explores its relations with language development as well as terminology translation practice.The purpose is to progress the research of meme as a new field in China.


The oxygen consumption of 27 normal babies was measured at an environmental temperature of about 35°C, approaching this temperature either from 30°C or 40°C. There was a decrease in oxygen consumption at an ambient temperature of 40°C compared with 35°C, provided the baby remained asleep and motionless.


We provide first evidence regarding the direct effect of over‐, required, and undereducation on the bottom lines of firms across work environments. We use detailed Belgian linked employer–employee panel data, rely on the methodological approach pioneered by Hellerstein et al. (1999), and estimate dynamic panel data models at the firm level. Our findings show an 'inverted L' profitability profile: undereducation is associated with lower profits, whereas higher levels of required and overeducation are correlated with positive economic rents of roughly the same magnitude. The size of these effects is amplified in firms experiencing economic uncertainty or operating in high‐tech/knowledge sectors.


Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of terpene derivative V-54 from Alisma orientalis extract on the replication of picornaviridae viruses as well as mechanism of the effect.Methods KMB17 cells were infected with hepatitis A virus H strain(HAV-H),poliovirus Sabin Ⅰ(PV-Ⅰ)and coxsackievirus B2 strain(Cox-B2)respectively,then treated with V-54 and determined for virus titers,based on which the dynamics of inhibitory effects on replication of PV-Ⅰ and Cox-B2 as well as influence of V-54 on apoptosis of KMB17 cells were analyzed.Results V-54 inhibited the replication of HAV-H,PV-Ⅰ and Cox-B2 in KMB17 cells.The titers of PV-Ⅰ and Cox-B2 in KMB17 cells treated with V-54 decreased significantly as compared with those untreated.The inhibitory effects of V-54 on replications of PV-Ⅰ and Cox-B2 were dose-dependent.The apoptosis rates of KMB17 cells increased significantly within 24 h after treatment with V-54,then decreased to normal level gradually.Conclusion V-54 inhibited the infection and replication of picornaviridae viruses by a potential mechanism of binding to the relevant receptors on cell surface and resulting in the decrease of virus infection efficacy.


. In this paper, we give several new approaches to study the interior estimates for a class of fourth order equations of Monge-Amp`ere type. First, we prove the interior estimates for the homogeneous equation in dimension two by using the partial Legendre transform. As an application, we obtain a new proof of the Bernstein theorem without using Caffarelli-Guti´errez's estimate, including the Chern conjecture on the affine maximal surfaces. For the inhomogeneous equation, we also obtain a new proof in dimension two by an integral method relying on the Monge-Amp`ere Sobolev inequality. This proof works even when the right hand side is singular. In higher dimensions, we obtain the interior regularity in terms of the integral bounds on the second derivatives and the inverse of the determinant.


This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from RE Today Services via the link in this record


This paper presents a new motion planning method for an arbitrary solid with six degrees of freedom moving in a 3D environment. The essence of the method is to efficiently capture local moving information of the solid in order to speed up the heuristic search in the configuration space. For this purpose, the moving freedoms of a solid at any configuration are directly calculated by introducing the characteristic volume and characteristic obstacles of the solid. Based on the local information about the moving freedoms, a heuristic search similar to the A* is performed in the configuration space to find a collision-free path between the initial and final configurations. A 3D motion planning example shows that the method is capable of dealing with complex moving solids and environments. To increase the search efficiency in configuration space, some extensions of the methods for incorporating with global methods are discussed. Applications of the method in computer animation and virtual reality are indicated.<<ETX>>


Aerial images for line/space patterns, arrays of posts and an arbitrary layout pattern are calculated for EUV masks in a 4X EUV imaging system. Both mask parameters and illumination parameters are varied to investigate their effects on the aerial image. To facilitate this study, a parallel version of TEMPEST with a Fourier transform boundary condition was developed and run on a network of 24 microprocessors. Line width variations are observed when absorber thickness or sidewall angle changes. As the line/space pattern scales to smaller dimensions, the aspect ratios of the absorber features increase, introducing geometric shadowing and reducing aerial image intensity and contrast. 100nm square posts have circular images of diameter close to 100nm, but decreasing in diameter significantly when the corner round radius at the mask becomes greater than 50 nm. Exterior mask posts image slightly smaller and with higher ellipticity than interior mask posts. The aerial image of the arbitrary test pattern gives insight into the effects of the off-axis incidence employed in EUV lithography systems.


Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) is a transport layer protocol which provides bidirectional unicast connection for congestion-controlled unreliable datagrams. It is suitable for applications that require low end to end delay and small degree of data loss. In this paper we have implemented a substitute encapsulation technique for DCCP using UDP-Lite with Customized Generic Header (DCCP-UDPLite-CGH). This encapsulation allows DCCP to be carried through the current generation of network address translation (NAT) devices without any modification and updation. We have also implemented DCCP protocol stack optimized for portability so that it can be run on Linux as well as on Windows platform. The proposed framework is implemented and compared against well known protocols including SCTP and UDP. Implementation results show that the proposed framework outperforms SCTP and UDP in terms of packet loss and network throughput.


Semiconducting chalcogenide glasses in the systems GeSe and GeSeTe with the addition of bismuth show unusual phenomena of p - to - n transition. Samples for characterization were prepared in bulk form by melt-quenching technique, with increasing Bi at. % to replace selenium. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopic studies on all the samples were carried out at 4.2K using an Ar-Ion laser for illuminating the samples. The laser power used was 200mw. Both the systems show a decrease in the intensity of PL signal with increasing Bi content. This interesting behavior is discussed on the basis of a charged defect model for chalcogenide glasses, proposed by Mott, Davis and Street (MDS). The effect of bismuth addition on these charged defects is also discussed to explain the carrier type reversal.


According the automatic coal mining face with a coal shearer in a thin seam and the automatic coal mining face with a coal plough in a thin seam,a brief analysis and summarization was conducted on the application status of the related automatic key technology and the restricted factors.An analysis was conducted on the coal and rock interface identification,the automatic lining technology of the coal mining face equipment,the posture detection and control technology,the plough head detection technology,the plough head control technology and other automatic mining key technology needed to be broken through in the present automatic coal mining face in China.Some technical difficulties needed to be solved in the next development of the automatic coal mining face were provided.The paper summarized the present study status of those technical difficulties and provided the further study orientation.


The title compound, [Cu(NCS)2(C5H5N)4], is a mononuclear copper(II) complex. The CuII atom, lying on an inversion center, is six-coordinated by four pyridine N atoms and by another two N atoms of two thiocyanate anions in a slightly distorted octahedral geometry.


Crayfish acclimated to fresh water (FW) maintain hemolymph osmotic and ionic concentrations significantly above those in the medium by a combination of active ion uptake and reabsorption of ions from the urine. This pattern appears to persist even as hemolymph osmolality approaches the isosmotic line between 350 and 475 mosm, with new equilibrium values being reached after 3 wk. Animals transferred from 350 to 750 mosm underwent a transient period (48 h) in which hemolymph was hypoosmotic to the medium, but this disappeared over 3 wk as hemolymph became isosmotic. The activities of the two major transport enzymes, the Na/K ATPase and carbonic anhydrase (CA), in both the gills and the antennal gland were also dependent on environmental salinity. CA in both tissues increased on transfer from 475 mosm to FW but not from 475 to 750 mosm. There were no short-term changes in CA activity; rather, it appears that new enzyme was induced over a 3-wk period. CA activity was reduced in animals transferred from FW to either 475 or 750 mosm. The changes occurred over a 3-wk period, which was consistent with protein turnover rather than activation/deactivation. Changes in the Na/K ATPase activities were less pronounced, and they appeared to be regulated over both the short term (activation/ deactivation) and long term (induction/deinduction).


This study investigates the epidemiological characteristics of metabolic syndrome(MetS)among health professionals and the practice of ealth-promoting lifestyles. We summarize the demands among the health professionals after statistical analysis, and wish to provide guidelines for managers of hospitals when planning and implementing the health promotion programs for their staff. This study was conducted in a medical center in central Taiwan. A total of 592 health professionals, 168 males and 424 females with mean(standard deviation)age of 45.6(?b4.8) years, who underwent the health examination were enrolled for data analysis. Laboratory tests were performed to identify the subjects with metabolic syndrome, and a structured questionnaire was self-administered by participants to obtain the practice and related factors for health-promoting lifestyles. Result: 1.The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the health professionals varied by different definitions: 9.5% by modified NCEP: ATPIII-MetS (18.4% for male and 6.0% for female); 12.6% by IDF modified NCEP: ATPIII-MetS (25.2% for male and 7.6% for female); 7.25% by IDF-MetS (12.2% for male and 5.2% for female). 2.Subjects with metabolic syndrome tended to have higher white blood cell counts, BASO, liver function tests(SGOP and SGPT), renal function test(creatinine), cholesterol, uric acid, and CEA readings compared to those without the syndrome. 3.The average score of sleep satisfaction was significantly lower among subjects with metabolic syndrome than those without the syndrome, P


Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a worldwide public health and a social problem in many developing countries. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between interleukin 4 (IL-4) gene promoter polymorphisms and leishmanial infected people in endemic focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL), in north east of Iran. In order to determine of polymorphism of interleukin 4 (IL-4) among patients with different clinical symptoms, fi fty human blood samples were prepared. All cases were classifi ed into fi ve groups including: cases with sever and ≤ 2 lesions, cases with ≥ 2 lesions, cases with treatment duration of less than two months, cases with treatment duration of more than two months and healthy samples with no signs. All 50 human samples were tested by PCR and followed using restriction enzyme of Eco47I. Our study revealed that Eco47I RE could cut the PCR product to an 18 bp and 177 bp if the SNP was C. Among the 50 PCR products we found 4 samples (8%) with CT allele and also 1 sample(2%) with TT allele. The rest of samples (90%) were CC. In conclusion, there was a signifi cant difference on frequencies of three alleles (CC, CT, TT) in studied group (2=56.4; df=2 ; p=0.000).


In the present work, we have studied from a theoretical perspective the geometry and electronic properties of 2,2′-bithiophene (BT) and its derivatives 3,4′-alkyl-2,2′-bithiophene (3,4′ABT) and 3,4′-alkoxy-2,2′-bithiophene (3,4′OABT). Properties such as planarity, bond lengths, electron density, highest occupied molecular orbital → lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO → LUMO) excitation energy and π-delocalization energy, which are related to the electrical conductivity, were calculated and analyzed as a function of both the nature and length of the substituent. The oxidation process was also studied for the single-polaronic state. The ionization potential and the intramolecular reorganization energy were calculated following the semiclassical Marcus treatment. As a conclusion, the introduction of alkoxy chains in 3,4′-positions improves the electrical properties with respect to the bithiophene molecule and the corresponding alkyl derivatives.


The aim of the study was a search for genetic markers associated with laying production in African Black ostriches (Struthio camelus) based on DNA fingerprinting (DFPs) method. Although analysis of the DFPs failed to distinguish bands specific for the highest or lowest parameters of laying performance, the present results did not allow for deduction about the potential lack of linkage between minisatellite DNA markers and QTLs of laying. A need for further research in this field is concluded.


The recent development of communication technologies, such as smartphones and tablets, has paved the way for the implementation of applications, by exploiting the potential of devices, making it possible to combine expensive instruments, which until recently were only very effective tools, but certainly less expensive. This is a tool that can be used to replace a medical device such as an audiometer demonstrates just what has just been said. The iAudiometry application development project is born of the union of three different disciplines, applied acoustics, computer programmer and medicine. The following characteristics are based on their skills. Precision comparable to professional equipment of the same type; very low cost compared to traditional instruments; Possibility of use in any place thanks to the portability of the device Tool open to continuous updates and improvements. The main trigger for hearing loss is age. Over the years, in fact, the hearing ability is reduced in all people due to the attrition of the hair cells placed in the inner ear, so it is completely normal to suffer from a form of hearing loss called presbycusis.


A cylindrical aluminum vessel with an inside diameter of 100 cm and a height of 55 cm is used. Radiation through the air is minimized by appropriately selecting the distances from the resonator surface to the outer cylindrical steel chamber and the additional reflecting surfaces. Therefore, measurements can be made at atmospheric pressure. The lowest decay rates obtained at approximately 3 and 7 kHz are 0.15 dB/s and 0.30 dB/s, respectively.


The concept of generalized(N)fuzzy integral is introduced, and the elementary properties of this type of integral are investigated. A necessary and sufficient condition that almost equal everywhere fuzzy measurable functions imply integral equal is given, and the absolute integrability of integral is discussed.


: It is very important for a child with cancer to have a normal process of growth. Then management of child's nutritional status and his/her security protection is necessary. The objectives of this article were to assess nutritional status, to find reasons for malnutrition, to introduce a suitable nutritional regimen, to evaluate psychological status, to educate the child and his/her family about a suitable nutrition, and to plan for a suitable nutritional regimen during child hospitalization. Hazards of malnutrition add to bodily and psychological factors which causes malnutrition should be considered. The most important cause of malnutrition in these children is malabsorbtion and anorexia due to basically disease or therapies related to it. Since 1900 the most e ff ec ti ve treatment of cancer had been chemotherapy and radiotherapy which both causes for anorexia and malabsorbtion.


Tourism in Albania is now facing a lot of challenges regarding the improvement of service quality, in terms of primary offer and secondary one. In this paper the main focus is consultancy in the tourism sector, its importance in tourism development and the situation in Albania regarding its usage and adoption. This paper refers to the market of service providers in tourism sector, its actual development in Albania with refer to the size, actors and factors that affect its development, its importance in the development of tourism sector in Albania, etc. In this study are included the most important market actors which operate in the tourism sector in Albania and also sustain this activity. They are divided in two major groups: clients of the capacity building (CB) services offered and service providers (SP) of these services. Methodology used in this paper is best described as a comprehensive market survey included Interviews with both parties, clients and service provider according to the supposed market size. There have been 152 interviews in total, from which 77 on the client party and 75 on the provider party. These number include also 24 interviews from local government, which in turn, is compound by local government leaders and managers as as semi-professionals who operate through tourism offices. Geographical coverage of the study includes the most resourced areas for developing different types of tourism, as well as most developed areas regarding the tourism sector: Vlora, Durres, Tirana, Saranda, Berat, Gjirokaster, Pogradec and Korca. Key findings of this paper show that this market inside the tourism industry is relatively new and in developing phase. As such , it is facing challenges and problems especially related to planning and quality. Areas where strategies must be focused must relate with the elationship between organizations and policymakers. Key terms : tourism, consultancy services, Albania, market


In this article we develop a new smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method suitable for solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, even with singular forces. Singular source terms are handled in a manner similar to that in the immersed boundary (IB) method of Peskin (2002). The numerical scheme implements a second-order pressure-free projection method due to Kim and Moin (1985) and completely obviates the difficulties that may be faced in prescribing Neumann pressure boundary conditions. The proposed SPH method is first tested on the planar start-up Poiseuille problem and a detailed error analysis is performed. For this problem, the results are similar whether the SPH particles are free to move or fixed on a regular grid. Our hybrid SPH-IB method is then used to calculate the dynamics of a stretched immersed elastic membrane and the advantages in this case of fixing the SPH particles, rather than allowing them to move with the fluid, are discussed.


Experimentally measured second-order nonlinear hyperpolarizability (βµ) data for a new series of donor-acceptor conjugated compounds containing tricyanovinyl acceptors and thiophene conjugating units, reveal that this combination results in a dramatic enhancement (αµ= 6000–9000 × 10–48 esu) of their molecular nonlinearity.


This paper aims at identifying in two English textbooks, High Up (2013) and Freeway (2010), suggested by the Programa Nacional do Livro Didatico (PNLD), which activities have greater potential to promote writing abilities for communication. To achieve such objective, both books were analyzed and compared taking into consideration the conceptions of language, text genres, teaching sequence, and writing as a process in English as an additional language. The conclusion of this examination shows that there is a distance between the textbooks authors' intention of dealing with written language, in an interactionist perspective, and the teaching material. Throughout the article, some suggestions were put forward in order to improve the sequences by adjusting them to the theoretical views of the books. The findings reveal that one of the books explored activities that consider aspects of genre, audience, text purpose, and writing as a process.


Private sector deficit, budget deficit and current account deficit can be counted among the main reasons for external and internal borrowing. In reducing the developmental differences of countries, governments can intervene in the market by borrowing. Therefore, it is important to investigate the existence of external and internal borrowing in the BRICS-TM countries, which have high growth rates. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between external and internal debts and economic growth in the BRICS-TM countries by data from the period 2000-2016. For the empirical analysis of the research, panel data analysis method is used. According to the findings obtained from the analysis, no co-integration and causality relationship are found between external and internal debts and economic growth. These results indicate that the high growth rates do not supported by the external and internal debts in the BRICS-TM countries.


The aim of this thesis is to describe graphical programs Blender and Gimp. There are primarily explained its tools for rendering and post processing. The renders are done in the most frequently used engines: Blender Render and Cycles. Apart from the main description of the rendering and post processing process, this paper also contains a basic information about the program itself, competition, its tools and also a description of the user interface. Practical part of this paper deals with an interior and exterior scene. Each scene has a description in this paper for the material setup, rendering, lighting and post processing in Blender and Gimp. Last part contains a comparison between the final result and a post-processed result. Final comparison between rendering engines describes individual advantages and disadvantages.


Ontario's Double-crested Cormorant hunting season may be ineffective but that doesn't mean there are no conflict issues Brian S. Dorr , David G. Fielder , James R. Jackson , James F. Farquhar , Douglas W. Schultz 5 and Randall M. Claramunt 6 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi, USA, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Alpena, Michigan, USA, Cornell University, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Bridgeport, New York, USA, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Division of Fish, Wildlife, and Marine Resources, Albany, New York, USA, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Walker, Minnesota, USA, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Oden State Fish Hatchery, Alanson, Michigan, USA


The five-step sequential extraction procedure for fractionation of lead has been applied to reference materials of soils with certified total lead contents. The extractant solutions were 1 mol L -1 ammonium acetate, 1 mol L -1 -1 hydrochloric acid, 0.5 mol L -1 sodium hydroxide, and 8 mol L -1 nitric acid. The residue was decomposed by HF and HNO3. Using this procedure, the metal fraction bound to the organic matter can be distinguished. The determination of lead in the soil extracts was performed by ETAAS. The measurement conditions were optimized for every individual soil extract in the presence of various matrix modifiers (NH4H2PO4; NH4H2PO4+Mg(NO3)2; NH4H2PO4+Pd(NO3)2; and Mg(NO3)2+Pd(NO3)2). Accuracy was assessed by comparing the sum of the contents of lead in individual soil extracts and in the residual fraction with the total certified values used (certified reference materials (CRMs) of soils). The overall recovery values for lead were 101-112%.


A concept of a new non-ballast-water tanker and bulk carriers by introducing pod propulsions moving up and down to keep enough depth for the propellers was proposed by Ikeda et al. In the research project, the new hull form is rounder cross section for the parallel part near mid-ship to reduce the friction resistance. In the present paper, the characteristic of roll motion of the new ship is experimentally investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the roll damping created by bilge keels of the new ship is smaller than that of a conventional one with square cross sections. Therefore large resonant roll motion can be expected in higher waves. It is also confirmed that Ikeda's prediction method of the roll damping for conventional ships underestimates the roll damping of the new ship in large amplitude due to interaction effects of two bilge keels. To investigate the effects CFD calculations for tandem flat plates in oscillating flow is carried out.


The current situation of air supply pressure product verification of the air-to-air missile equipment is analyzed in air force, the existing problems of the mode operation, the actual implementation and other aspects are pointed out, suggestion for improvement is put forward, and a preliminary scheme of the calibration equipment is given.


The effects of sports are important because it will help the players to perform their best in games and events. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of shoulder flexibility on the golfers' performance. The participants of this study were 30 golfers; these were the people who got their handicap cut or license to play golf at the golf course. The researchers employed the experimental method to gather relevant data. The test performed included shoulder rotation test and driving range test. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inference statistics to investigate the relationship between shoulder flexibility and the golfers' performance. The findings of the study revealed that there are strong relationships between shoulder flexibility and golfers' performance. Apart from that, shoulder flexibility was found to be not affected by the age of the golfers and that the performance of the golfers would only be known by their handicap. It is hoped that this new knowledge will be beneficial to all golfers and instructors. It is also suggested that future studies include respondents' motivation and cooperation so as to attract their interest in the study. The subjects also need to be clarified of the objectives and the purpose of the study in relation to their performance.


In order to refine the grain sizes of Cu–Al–Ni shape memory alloys and improve the brittleness caused by intergranular fracture during deformation, the melt spun technique was applied to obtain alloy ribbons with a mean grain size of about 1 µm. However, the β1 phase of the alloy ribbons with fine grain structure was still brittle. The brittleness of the material was remarkably improved without loss of the good shape memory effect by adding a small amount of Ti or Zr, which has a strong affinity for oxygen.


Microsoft launched the Studio Visual development platform to its sound development mechanism,a large class library and in the database to interact with powerful features to attract a large number of developers use. And in the platform version of VS2010 after the integration of the MVC ASP. NET project template,which allows developers to automatically create a function through the template to complete a large part of the development project. Such an approach will undoubtedly allow developers to quickly complete a development project,but it can not be in- depth understanding of the project's structure and operation mechanism,so only the further analysis of MVC core technology to improve the quality and maintainability of the project.


This paper present mathematical model which developed to predict the nitrided layer thickness (case depth) of gas nitrided and plasma nitrided austenitic stainless steel according to Fick's first law for pure iron by adapting and manipulating the Hosseini's model to fit the diffusion mechanism where nitrided structure formed by nitrided AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel. The mathematical model later tested against various actual gas nitriding and plasma nitriding experimental results with varying nitriding temperature and nitriding duration to see whether the model managed to successfully predict the nitrided layer thickness. This model predicted the coexistence of e-Fe2-3N and γ΄-Fe4N under the present nitriding process parameters. After the validation process, it is proven that the mathematical model managed to predict the nitrided layer growth of the gas nitrided and plasma nitrided of AISI 316L SS up to high degree of accuracy.


We propose a soft-decoding method for quantized overcomplete frame expansions that are binary transmitted through noisy channels. The frame expansions can be viewed as real-valued block codes that are directly applied to waveform signals prior to quantization. The explicit redundancy introduced in the continuous amplitude domain is exploited by the decoder in two stages. First, the index-based redundancy is used by a soft-input soft-output source decoding approach that outputs decoded symbols together with their reliability information. In a second stage, the soft information on the symbols and the structure of the introduced redundancy are used to correct errors. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated for different code constructions based on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), the discrete cosine transform (DCT), and the discrete Hadamard transform (DHT), and is compared to standard approaches without soft decoding.


considering the reality of the household registration reform in Zhongshan area,this paper,on the basis of clarifying the importance and necessity of ecological ethics education,expounds the three elements of ecological ethics education for new citizens,underscores the epochal character


Objective To set up the quality standard of Wanbile Wan. Method s Fructus Psoraleae, Radix Puerariae, Radix paeoniae Alba and Radix Glycyrrhiza e Preparatae in Wanbile Wan were identified by TLC .Isopsoralen was determined b y TLC scanning. The chromatographic conditions were: high performance silica gel G plate as lamellated plate, n- hexane - ethyl acetate (8 ∶ 2)being the exp ander, serrated scanning with single- wavelength reflection, beam stricture of 0.4× 0.4 mm, linear parameter SX=3 and scanning wavelength at 300 nm. Results The TLC spots were highly specific, clear and concentrated without interferen ce of the presence of negative controls. Isopsoralen showed a good linearity wit hin the range of 0.064~ 1.536 μ g, r=0.9980, average recovery rate was 100.7 % , and RSD was 2.0% .Conclusion This method can be used for the quality co ntrol of Wanbile Wan.


With the rapid growth of the volume and diversity of digital data produced by all kinds of commercial, scientific and leisure-time applications, the extraction of useful information from these large data sets has become one of the key IT tasks. On the other hand, the constant monitoring of people's activities, while using these applications, has raised people's concern about the invasiveness of their privacy. Furthermore, institutes that own sensitive databases want to keep their data private, while providing data mining services to other parties. Thus, a considerable amount of research effort has been invested in the secure processing of a large variety of queries. In this survey, I will review protocols that can process secure similarity queries in different application domains: location proximity detection, biometric data recognition, similar document detection, and search over multimedia database. Most of these protocols are based on the secure multiparty computation (SMC) model and are provably secure.


This study examined the impact of microfinance criteria on growth of Microenterprises (MEs) in Malaysia. The critical issues arising in the study is the ability of MFIs and business itself to let their business expand and fully utilize the sources remain uncertain. There are ten variables were used in the study which are growth (MEG) as a dependent variable and 6 independent variables (IV) involved, there are Loan Size (LoanSiz), Loan Duration (LoanDur), Loan Repayment (LoanRep), Loan Utilization (LoanUti), Contact with Lender (ContactLen) and Training (Training). A multiple regression method has been used in the study to identify the impact of the growth among MEs in Malaysia. Based on the findings, this surely stated that microfinance criteria meet the significance level and contributes to MEs growth. Hence, the study recommends that MEs must be linked up to the larger financial sources such as SME bank and non-government agencies in terms of financial support. Besides that, Micro finance Institutions should provide a moral support such as entrepreneurial skills in order to enhance their financial management and operation as well as in handling resources efficiently. The policy makers should seek some strategies in the aim to promote MEs in the market penetration. Finally, for the future study, the study suggests to use longitudinal data for future research because this method can monitor changes before and after the joining microfinance schemes. Apart, also can make a comparison between borrower and non-borrower in the aspect of business growth among MEs in Malaysia. As a conclusion, the findings of the study have answered the research objectives.


The change rules of alcohol content in fermentation process of Luzhou-flavor liquor were investigated and then the dynamic model of alcohol content change in prior fermentation cycle was established.The comparison between experimental data and the model suggested a reasonable regression.Besides,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation on fermentation quality in different late fermentation period was carried out to determine late fermentation period.


The number of different data and journals registered in Chinese DOI system and DOI resolution were analyzed based on the information on the Website of Chinese DOI system,which showed that 376 core journals were registered in Chinese DOI system,accounting for 27.9% of all registered journals and 19.3% of 1946 journals covered in 2010 Chinese Science and Technology Journal Citation Reports,core edition,the registered core journals were less than one fifth,the up-date of data on its Website was lagged behind,DOI resolution could not be conducted in commonly used full-text and title databases,and the accurate of meta-data was low.


We report on the formation of good Pt Schottky contacts on the Zn-terminated n-type ZnO (0001) surfaces (∼2×1017cm−3) using surface treatment with a hydrogen peroxide solution. The Pt contacts on organic solvent-cleaned ZnO (0001) show leaky behavior with a high leakage current of ∼−0.05A under −5V reverse bias voltage, whereas the hydrogen peroxide-treated contacts show Schottky behavior with very low leakage current of ∼−6.5×10−8A under −5V reverse bias voltage. Schottky barrier heights estimated from current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics are 0.89 and 0.93eV, respectively. Room-temperature photoluminescence results show that the hydrogen peroxide treatment is fairly effective in removing deep-level defects near the ZnO surface region. In addition, the preliminary deep-level transient spectroscopy result is also presented.


The translation of academic terms needs strictness as its basic requirements.In translation,we should understand its language forms and the connotation of concepts to make Chinese academic terms more adaptable.


The application of the TBLT (Task-Based Language Teaching) learning method implemented in the Google Classroom Application in the English language course can provide a new experience for students. English is a compulsory subject that must be taken by students taking undergraduate level at higher education. The observations show that the students have weaknesses in writing and speaking abilities at Islamic Institution of Al-Falah Assunniyyah Kencong – Jember on Islamic Studies of second semester 2020/2021 academic year. The objective of this study is to know the student's experiences of using The TBLT (Task –Based Language Teaching) as a method in Google Classroom application for English learning approach. Therefore, this study used qualitative research which identifies in-depth investigation. The findings reveal that by using this learning approach give some benefits that allow students and teachers to facilitate the teaching and learning process. It is also suitable for Google Classroom Application for English learning approach.