The paper presents the comparison of new frequency selection criteria for the method of parameter identification of technical objects modelled by two terminal networks, based on inverse bilinear transformation. The method allows to reduce the identification time as compared to conventional impedance spectroscopy based approach. The tested criteria have been based on high-signal sensitivity represented by the length of bilinear transform identification curves.


Preeclampsia is a complication of human pregnancy characterized by a gestational hypertension associated with proteinuria occurring from mid-gestation. Worldwide, this syndrome affects around 5% of pregnant women, and is a leading cause of maternal mortality. Placental hypoxia and oxidative stress are well-described features of preeclampsia, but up to now, it has not been determined whether oxidative stress is a cause or a consequence of the disease. Storkhead box 1 (STOX1) is a winged-helix transcription factor implicated in the genetic forms of preeclampsia. STOX1 overexpression confers preeclampsia-like gene-expression to trophoblastic cell lines and preeclampsia symptoms to pregnant mice. STOX1 overexpression is also associated with altered mitochondrial mass, hyperactive mitochondria, increased free radical production and nitrosative stress both in vitro and in vivo. To assess the molecular role of STOX1 in the oxidative stress production machinery, we measured O2•−, NO, H2O2 and GSH production in different anti- and pro-oxidant drugs conditions. We observed that STOX1-related nitrosative status is mainly due to a significant increase of free radicals production that comes from the mitochondria. Our work posits STOX1 as a regulator of nitrosative and oxidative stress metabolism which may contribute to elevated blood pressure in preeclampsia.


Refraction poses a problem in digital holographic microscopy for samples with a high numerical aperture (NA). We present raytracing and acquisition close to the image plane to enable refraction corrected phase imaging of such samples.


In this study, we proposed a wearable guiding system, which contains an embedded system-Jetson AGX Xavier launched by Nvidia and a RGB-D binocular depth camera-Stereolabs ZED2, for guiding visually-impaired people to walk outdoors. Using the deep learning image segmentation model and the depth map obtained by the ZED2, the front image of the blind is divided into seven divisions. Each division has its confidence of walkability which is computed by our specific methods. Based on the confidence of walkability, the most suitable direction for the visually-impaired people is selected and voice prompts are played to lead the visually-impaired people walking forward on the sidewalk or walking crosswalk to cross the road safely. An experiment is performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system.


This article highlights the results of research, which help reveal high-risk groups to suicide among adolescentsbased on types of family relationships and provide timely medical, psychological and psycho-correction helpfor parents and children, predict suicidal behavior at early stages. An major role in prevention of adolescentsuicides is played by the family and healthy family relationships, as they ensure harmonious developmentof a personality.


The focus of this paper is efficiently and accurately solving the stochastic problems with multimodal distribution. Based on the stochastic perturbation method, the divided-difference method is adopted to approximate the partial derivative term in the perturbation method, and regard the divided-difference nodes as the collocation points to construct a nonintrusive statistical method. In addition, we also propose an adaptive method to select perturbation expansion terms, which can improve the calculation efficiency of statistical moments by ignoring the insignificance items. Because the Gaussian mixture model is often used to deal with the random problem of multimodal distribution, combined with the proposed method in this paper, the calculation processes of the statistical moments and probability density function are given. Finally, the accuracy and efficiency of the method proposed in this paper and the quasi-Monte Carlo method are compared by two numerical examples. The results show that the proposed method can efficiently and accurately obtain the statistical moments and probability density function of random response.


Charge-carrier transport in the columnar phase of the discotic liquid crystal, hexapentyloxytriphenylene, has been investigated by the time-of-flight technique over a range of temperatures and electric fields. The hole mobility was found to be temperature and electric-field-dependent with a maximum value of $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}∕\mathrm{V}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\mathrm{s}$. Its temperature dependence is consistent with a ${T}^{\ensuremath{-}n}$ power law, with the factor $n$ being dependent on the electric field. The drift velocity is a linear function of the electric field below ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{V}∕\mathrm{cm}$ and tends to saturate at higher fields. These results were interpreted in the framework of correlated polaron motion as described by the nonadiabatic low-temperature limit of Holstein's polaron theory developed for a one-dimensional diatomic chain.


The present invention, by minimizing the air gap between the rotor magnet and the stator core employs a structure capable of fill factor (fill factor) to give the outer winding manner to the stator core increase, and to maximize the efficiency of the motor, the stator and the rotor on it is possible to minimize the air gap expensive Nd magnet instead of cost to use the ferrite magnets from, the "+" balance mechanism stator, a water pump motor, and the water pump using the same, which can also be so greatly reducing manufacturing costs applied between It relates. The present invention is the shape that the inner circumferential ring coupled to the drive shaft and a plurality of magnets are in the rotor are radially arranged, and a water pump having a stator in which the rotor is disposed inside the motor, the stator is to enable the outer winding a stator core that is interconnected and a plurality of projections are formed radially extending; An insulating bobbin to which the stator core is insert-molding; Wound on the outer periphery of the coil bobbin; And the back yoke wraps around the outer end of the stator core in a contact state; characterized in that it comprises a.


Skeletal unloading, such as that experienced during extended periods of bed rest due to neurological injury or trauma, reduced physical activity associated with aging, or during spaceflight microgravity, can result in significant deleterious effects on the musculoskeletal system. With an approximately 25% one year mortality rate following fracture of the hip, there is a clear need for a better understanding of the mechanisms mediating unloading-induced bone loss and muscle atrophy such that more efficacious countermeasures can be developed. One of the critical mediators of the skeletal response to mechanical forces is cell-to-cell communication via gap junctions. Gap junctions are protein channels that allow for the direct movement of small molecules between adjacent cells, or between the cell and extra-cellular environment when unopposed as hemichannels. More recently, gap junction proteins have been shown to interact with intercellular signaling molecules, such as the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Connexin43 (Cx43) is the predominant gap junction protein in bone and has been shown to have an important role in the response to mechanical loading both in vitro and in vivo. What is not well understood, however, is the role that Cx43 plays in the skeletal response to mechanical unloading. The objective of this dissertation is to characterize the temporal response of muscle and bone to mechanical unloading and to define the role of Cx43 in mediating the deleterious skeletal changes that occur. To accomplish this


Squash melon (Citrullus vulgaris var. fistulosus Steward) is a rainfed crop in arid region but in these areas, the rainy days are very less. Due to this reason, the farmers could not get desired yield. Hence supplemental irrigation with water conservation practices is required for getting the economic return from this crop. Hence an experiment was conducted at ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Bikaner, Rajasthan to study the effect of three mulching treatments (No mulching, straw mulching (2.5 tonnes/ha) using local shrub Leptadenia pyrotechnica and black polyethylene plastic mulching of 25 micron thickness) and four FYM doses (0, 20, 30 and 40 tonnes/ha) on growth, yield, WUE and economics of Squash melon grown with supplemental irrigation during kharif seasons of 2012 and 2013. Vine length, numbers of fruits per plant and yield of squash melon were significantly influenced by FYM, mulching and their interaction during both the years of experiment. Application of FYM caused significant improvement in squash melon yield up to 30 tonnes/ha. Averaged across mulching treatments, application of FYM @ 20, 30 and 40 tonnes/ha resulted 47.8, 79.5 and 88.4% higher yields compared to control. Application of mulch brought significant improvement in yield and yield components and the response of mulch varied with the level of FYM application. Plastic and straw mulching resulted 26.6 and 48.6% higher yield over no-mulch treatment. Straw mulch recorded the longest vine length, the highest numbers of fruits per plant and yield. The highest yield was recorded with application of 30 tonnes FYM /ha combined with straw mulch.


A new modular building system for the combinatorial chemistry was developed on the basis of triazene linkers. Starting from an aniline system, further functional units and virtually any alkene or alkyne as terminator furnished lipophilic multicomponent systems in high yields and purities without the need for purification steps (see schematic representation).


In 2010, the South African government regularised undocumented Zimbabwean migrants through a special amnesty programme called Dispensation Zimbabwe Programme (DZP) and the permits issued under its remit were valid from 2010 to December 2014. The DZP was succeeded by the Zimbabwe Special Permit (ZSP), introduced from 2015 to December 2017; this, in turn, was replaced by the Zimbabwe Exemption Permit (ZEP), effective from 2018 to December 2021. This article analyses the experiences of Zimbabwean migrants between application for replacement of ZSP permits and adjudication of ZEP permits. I argue that waiting facilitates legal violence that harms migrants' livelihoods and their loved ones. This article does not focus on cases of interpersonal aggression, or physical violence, but it concentrates on factors detrimental to the livelihoods of migrants and their loved ones, which prevent them from thriving socio-economically. Data was gathered through interviews with Zimbabwean migrants in Cape Town, South Africa. This article argues that the legality of Zimbabwean migrants was suspended because the migrants were waiting for the directive from the national Department of Home Affairs to announce the status of the expired permits. During this waiting period, migrants were restricted from getting government services and had their personhood erased through deprivation of livelihoods for a prolonged period without certainty about the outcome of their permits. The waiting also illuminates how different governmental frontiers share their power in exercising legal violence against migrants.


Conservative management of complicated esophageal perforations has gained favor in recent years. However, there are limited data concerning the applicability of this approach in the pediatric population. We describe the care and outcome of a 14‐year‐old girl who sustained an esophageal perforation after accidental ingestion of a shard of glass. The patient was treated using ultrasound‐guided drainage catheter placement with simultaneous esophagoscopy and postoperative antibiotics. She was discharged within 1 week of presentation and enjoyed an uncomplicated recovery. We believe that selected cases of pediatric esophageal perforation may be safely and effectively treated using a conservative approach.


Philosophy and culture. At first sight the relationship between philosophy and culture is a relationship between one part and the whole. Indeed, if, in the sense of an anthropological definition, we understand culture as a complex whole which includes all the capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society, then philosophy is one of these cultural expressions. On the other hand, philosophy is a place where the sum of the cultural activities of a given society is reflected, conceptually captured and systematized. When philosophy began to include the sphere of culture in its field of vision, it often approached culture with totalizing conceptual instruments. The result was, that in the perspective of philosophy, culture appeared as a totality. But that is not all, since philosophy, as it later turned out, can also assume a quite contradictory strategy and decide to disintegrate its unifying frameworks. It can be said that a philosophy that pronounces itself from within the cultural field, will on occasion integrate this space and on others divide and fragment it. Culture and the arts. The ambiguity that characterizes the relationship between philosophy and culture also applies to a large extent to the relationship between culture and the arts. In this case we can also state that the arts are a part of the cultural whole. However, immediately after we proceed from this relationship of encompassment to more precise definitions of function and place, we will find synthesizing visions of the whole as well as a disintegrating influence against totalizing tendencies. In the end-products of artistic activities we can find manifestations that correspond with the holism of philosophical systematism as well as attempts that remind us of the philosophies of pluralism, multiplicities and deconstruction. Philosophy, culture and the arts—the themes of our symposium—create a field of tension and opposites in the way that these three concepts meet, overlap, complement and condition each other. Perhaps in this way a significant feature of culture itself is revealed: its fundamental openness towards overlapping and transformation. Clearly, of all the numerous lines of thought that arise out of this understanding of culture, our contributions were able to capture and develop only some. Even so, let's hope that our symposium will give rise to further discussion on the subject focusing on these three points, these three concepts, these three sources of tension. HUMAN AFFAIRS 21, 97, 2011 DOI: 10.2478/s13374-011-0011-y


In North America, electricity prices exhibit both temporal and geographic variation—the later exists due to regional demand differences, transmission inefficiencies and generation diversity. Using historical market data, we characterize the variation and argue that existing distributed systems should be able to exploit it for significant economic gains. We consider pricing in cloud computing systems, and also use simulation to estimate the advantage of dynamically shuffling computation between different


Helicases are molecular motors that couple the energy of nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) hydrolysis to the unwinding and remodeling of structured DNA or RNA. The conversion of energy derived from NTP hydrolysis into unwinding of double‐stranded nucleic acids is coordinated by seven sequence motifs (I, Ia, II, III, IV, V, and VI). The Q motif, consisting of an invariant glutamine (Q) residue, has been identified in some, but not all helicases. Previous studies have suggested that the Q motif is involved in ATP binding. Mutations in the human ChlR1 (DDX11) gene are associated with Warsaw Breakage Syndrome characterized by cellular defects in genome maintenance. ChlR1 is known to play essential roles to preserve genomic stability, particularly in sister chromatid cohesion; however, its molecular mechanism remains unknown. To examine the roles of the Q motif in ChlR1 helicase, we performed site directed mutagenesis of glutamine to alanine at residue 23 in the Q motif of ChlR1. ChlR1 recombinant protein was overexpressed and purified from HEK293T cells. The ChlR1‐Q23A mutant abolished helicase activity of ChlR1, and further DNA binding assays suggested the Q motif affected the DNA binding ability of ChlR1. ATP hydrolysis assays revealed that the ChlR1‐Q23A had impaired ATP hydrolysis activity. However, further ATP binding assays showed that the Q motif is not essential for ATP binding. The Q motif in FANCJ helicase, a ChlR1 sequence homology protein, regulates FANCJ's dimerization, while our size exclusion chromatography indicated that ChlR1 protein functions as monomer. Taken together, our results suggest that the Q motif in ChlR1 helicase is involved in DNA binding but not ATP binding.


DNA-sequence-based species delimitation methods were applied to larval chironomid samples collected from 20 Japanese farm ponds. This is the first trial using DNA barcoding to reveal the species composition of chironomid communites in limnological waters. A total of 72 species were delimited from mitochondria DNA cytochrome c oxidase I sequences of the samples. Of these, the number of species delimited from the total sample, bottom sediment sample, and aquatic weed sample of each pond, were 0-21, 0-15 and 3-16, respectively. Greater numbers of collected larvae resulted in more delimited species. Scientific names were assigned for 31 species.


Aims: To investigate the effect of parthenolide on nucleolin in controlling the expression of miR-375 that induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in prostate cancer.
Study Design: This study is an experimental study.
Methodology: The cytotoxicity effect of parthenolide was tested by MTT assay for 48 h. Microscopic techniques were used to identify the morphological changes of the cell line. The expression of apoptotic and cell cycle regulatory genes was analyzed by the Real-Time PCR. The phase of cell cycle arrest was identified by Flow cytometry.
Results: The obtained results indicated that parthenolide induced cytotoxicity and suppressed the proliferation by reducing the growth of LNCaP cells in 48 h. The microscopic analysis showed the alteration of cell morphology and increase of cytoplasmic reactive oxygen species.  Parthenolide promotes apoptosis by the downregulation of nucleolin, Bcl-2, and up-regulation of Bax gene. Moreover, the flow cytometry assay showed the G1/G0 phase of cell cycle arrest.
Conclusion: Parthenolide induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest through nucleolin by the suppression of miR-375 in prostate cancer cells.


Samples of CaCu3Ti4-4хNi4хO12-δ. were obtained by solid phase synthesis method. X-ray diagrams of all preparations show trace amounts of the impurity phase of copper oxide(II), at x ≥ 0.04 the impurity CaTiO3 reflexes are shown. Admixtures of nickel-containing phases in samples in all investigated concentration interval by X-ray analysis and electronic scanning microscopy are not fixed. It is established that the polarization processes in the samples are carried out at different speeds by two mechanisms. As a result of modeling using two equivalent schemes, it was found that the homogeneity of samples with growth x decreases, in the sample CaCu3Ti4-4хNi4хO12-δ (х = 0.03) polarization proceeds three times faster than in x = 0.06. The sample CaCu3Ti3.88Ni0.12O12-δ conducts direct electric current better and polarizes faster in a variable electric field than x = 0.06. The activation energy of the samples is practically the same: 0.491 (x = 0.03) and 0.499 eV (x = 0.06). After 350 °C the homogeneity of the material deteriorates, which indicates a possible disorder of the structure or a break in the chemical bonds.


Innovation driven alliances have become an increasingly popular strategy for product development. The benefits of this strategy could however by reduced by tensions between the partners making the innovation process inefficient. One source of tension is the conflict between the dynamics of innovations calling for flexibility, extensive communication and an evolving concretization, which could be contrasted with the logics of alliances that according to the literature prescribes a well-defined situation where a clear contract could be agreed upon before the alliance starts and where communication is limited due to the risk of opportunistic behavior from the partner. This paper report and discuss the results of an explorative study of five innovation driven alliances concerning the role of alliance structures during the early phases in the innovation process when the tension is expected to be most intensive. It reveals that the structure of the alliance is interdependent with the structure of the innovation thus creating a need for changes in alliance structure as unexpected discoveries of the innovation structure happens. The interdependency between the structure of the alliance and the structure of the innovation integrates the innovation process with the alliance process to a joint process where the exploration of market, technology and organization are interdependent semi-parallel activities. Modularizing the innovation supports convergent exploration of these dimensions. INTRODUCTION Alliances have become an increasingly common strategy for product development (Doz and Hamel 1998). Drivers of this development include globalization, shorter product lifecycles, escalating R&D costs and economies of scale and scope (Hagedoorn 1993). Alliances enable firms to handle these challenges by providing access to complementary knowledge and resources, and by sharing investments and risks. These alliances are, to an increasing extent, based on non-equity arrangements (Hagedoorn 2002), which will be the focus of this article.


DISCLAIMER The Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates, Inc., assumes no responsibility for the practices or recommendations of any member or other practitioner, or for the policies and procedures of any practice setting. Nurses and associates function within the limitations of licensure, state nurse practice act, and/or institutional policy. Statement on the Use of Sedation and Analgesia in the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Setting


The purpose of the study were (1) to analyse internal factor and external factors that influence PT Metalisha Intiguna, (2) to formulate alternative strategies that could be implemented by company based on external factors and internal factors, (3) to recommend the priority strategies based on company environment.
The study is conducted in three steps. First step was data input using function analysis, PEST (politic, economy, social, and technology) approach, and Five's Porter analysis used in the IFE and EFE Matrix. Second step was matching stage that using IE (Internal & External) Matrix and SWOT Matrix. Third step was formulating decision making using QSPM Matrix. The result of internal analysis was 3,281 whereas external analysis was 3,172. This result place PT. Metalisha lntiguna in one quadrant (grow and build) in IE Matrix with appropriate strategies are intensive strategies (market penetration, market development, and product development) or integrative strategies (backward integration, forward integration, and horizontal strategy). The result of SWOT Matrix are formulated several alternatives; market penetration, market development, forward integration, product development, and backward integration. From the five selected alternative strategies by using QSPM, market penetration has been chosen as top priority to be implemented by the company. The result suggest that the company should develop value based marketing to increase competitive advantage; and develop R and D department to support marketing strategy.


The utility model relates to an energy-saving halogen-free cable for the fire prevention of an intelligent building, and the energy-saving halogen-free cable belongs to the technical field of electric power controlling and fire resisting. The core of the energy-saving halogen-free cable is composed of stranded high-quality oxygen-free copper conductors, winded double-layer fire-resistant mica tapes and high-temperature resisting fluoroplastic insulating layers; cable wrapping tapes are externally provided with woven double-layer copper strip or copper wire shielding layers; the woven double-layer copper strip or copper wire shielding layers are externally provided with high flame-retardant fiberglass tapes; and the high flame-retardant fiberglass tapes are externally provided with flame-retardant halogen-free low-smoke polyolefin sheathes. The energy-saving halogen-free cable has good physical properties of flame retardance, fire resistance and oxygen insulation, can ensure the normal electric power transmission in case of fire disaster and powerfully guarantees thesafe escape and timely rescue.


It is becoming increasingly clear that the world is less homogeneous than some people want it to be and humanity needs to understand that geopolitics and geo-economics may be harsher than most of us thought. In this context, all Europeans need to remain committed to building closer relations and putting them at the centre of a renewed economic and social landscape.


Twenty-seven species of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) belonging to eight genera are recorded from Iran: Anagrus Haliday (4 species), Anaphes Haliday (2 species), Camoptoptera Foerster (1 species), Erythmelus Enock (4 species), Gonatocerus Nees (10 species), Mymar Curtis (1 species), Polynema Haliday (3 species), and Stephanodes Enock (2 species). Brief information on their known biology and hosts is provided. Two genera, Gonatocerus and Anagrus , include about 80% of specimen composition.


This paper proposes that the optimum section of solid gravity dam is the minimum area section when the dam can run in a steady condition under the given parameters and working conditions.Optimization and check program for design solid gravity dam section is developed in terms of Visual Basic 6.0 and the existing specification.An actual project example shows that it is a good practical program.


Abstract Physiological states in snakes, such as digestion, gestation, and ecdysis, have been associated with different body temperatures (BT), yet few studies have examined these associations in a comparative context for wild-caught animals. We collected body and environmental temperatures for 2 natricine snake species—Thamnophis sirtalis (Common Gartersnake) and Nerodia sipedon (Common Watersnake)—from 4 artificial wetlands at the Letterkenny Army Depot, Franklin County, PA. We measured thermal data and associated microclimates from snakes captured under tin cover boards during monthly searches from Spring to Fall of 2012 (April–October). From 47 Common Gartersnakes and 20 Common Watersnakes, we found that most individuals of both species had a BT between 20 and 30 °C, which is consistent with data from other populations. Inter- and intraspecific comparisons of snake BTs in different physiological states revealed that Common Gartersnakes operated at higher temperatures than Common Watersnakes. Common Watersnakes thermoregulated within a generally narrower range of temperatures than Common Gartersnakes. The wide-ranging thermal ecology of the Common Gartersnake may facilitate its flexibility to occupy many habitats across an extensive geographic distribution and perhaps predispose it to greater adaptability in a changing thermal environment. We summarize our data on snake BTs and their associations with relevant environmental temperatures, discuss snake BT ranges across distinct physiological groups, and compare our results to those of other snake populations. Our findings provide a baseline to understand the degree to which operating snake temperatures, and consequently physiological processes, will change because of future warming in the Northeast.


pM, respectively, at pH 6.0. The ratio of the V,, for skatole to indole-3-methanol was 0.88. Each substrate inhibited the oxidation of the other. The apparent Ki values for skatole and indole-3-methanol were 16.7 and 44.1 m, respectively. These results indicated that both reactions were catalyzed by a single enzyme. The reactions at various concentrations of oxygen were performed at a fixed concentration of the substrate, 0.2 mu skatole or 0.5 mu indole-3-methanol; the apparent K,,, values for oxygen were 50 and 55 PM, respectively. The substrate specificity of the enzyme was analyzed with special reference to l- and 2-substituted skatole derivatives. The activity to 2,3-dimethylindole (0.5 mu) was one-half of that to skatole (0.5 111~). Neither lacetyl nor l-methyl derivatives could serve as substrate or inhibitor for the enzyme.


The structure of Dunford–Pettis sets, strong Dunford–Pettis sets and certain spaces of operators is studied in the context of the injective and projective tensor products of Banach spaces.


The utility model discloses a heat dissipation device, include: graphene films and heat -resisting support base member, wherein, the even cladding of graphene films is in on the heat -resisting support base member. Heat dissipation device adopts the mode preparation of the heat -resisting support base member of the even cladding of graphene films that the heat conductivility is good to obtain, and this heat dissipation device has solved the great problem of contact heat resistance between the heat dissipation device, simultaneously, adopt the heat -resisting support base member of elastomer, it is cotton for example to adopt the good bubble of low -density, compression performance for heat dissipation device's light in weight, with low costs, fine solution had that heat dissipation device weight is big, the scheduling problem costs an arm and a leg.


For air services, which are highly dependent on personal services, it"s very important to employ excellent human assets who are good at providing services. This study aimed at understanding flight attendants" images perceived by students preparing for employment in the field of flight attendants of airlines and it investigated whether the flight attendants" images have an effect on them choosing their job and deciding their employment. As mentioned above, hopefully, the analytical results of the effects of flight attendants" images of the airlines on occupational choice motivations and employment decision factors of the students preparing for employment will be able to provide direction for their preparation for employment, building positive images of airlines as well as improving the flight attendants" images of the airlines.


Abstract This paper estimates the factors affecting Vietnamese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) listed on the Hanoi Stock Exchange and the Chi Minh City Stock Exchange between 2009 and 2019. The author adopts a quantitative method (the "Generalized Method of Moments"-GMM) to investigate six statistically significant variables positively affecting SMEs' performance at 5%. These variables include the profitability lag, firm size, leverage ratio, revenue growth, gross domestic product growth, and the quality of national governance. One of the significant contributions of this study to the literature is to consider the leverage ratio as a tool to improve SMEs' performance, and national governance quality is a mechanism to enhance SMEs' efficiency.


Sweetpotato is one of the important upland crops in Guizhou,and sweetpotato germplasm resources are abundant due to its long-term cultivation.Genetic diversity of 45 local sweetpotato germplasm resources in Guizhou was studied by ISSR.Results showed that according to morphological clustering,average euclidian distance was 5.00.Euclidian distance between Rongjiang Hongshao and Tongzi red coat and heart was 0.99,which was the nearest.The farthest euclidian distance was 8.50 betwwen Tongren yellow coat orange heart and Tianzhu red coat.The 45 sweetpotato varieties could be classified to 6 groups,with 20 varieties in the 1st group,18 varieties in the 2nd group,3 varieties in the 3rd group,2 varieties in the 4th group,and only 1 in the 5th group and 1 in the 6th group.


This work analyzes the plasma level variations of luteinizing hormone (LH) during the reproductive cycle and the percentage of spermiating European sea bass...


This paper examines the interaction between officers and asylum applicants in admissibility interviews by analyzing twelve interviews recorded during my fieldwork in the Belgian Immigration Department (ID) between 2004 and 2007, their corresponding records, and the ID's decisions. This paper focuses on some officers' practices during the interview, suggesting that they categorize the applicants as bogus refugees from the very beginning of the interview. In those cases, their main objective becomes one of unmasking them as bogus refugees and eliciting elements that may be used by the asylum agencies in order to arrive at a negative decision. To this end, the officials employ interrogation techniques that may well cause the applicant to become confused and thus jeopardize the construction of the climate of confidence needed in an asylum interview.


Graphite powder of less than 300 ..mu.. size (mostly 50 to 150 ..mu..) and approximately 7 percent less than 50 ..mu.. was mixed with a phenolic resin binder and a vaporizable dispersant, such as isopropyl alcohol. This mixture was then dried and poured into a mold. A pressure of less than 100 psi at 180 to 220/sup 0/F was increased to 3000 psi at 300 to 400/sup 0/F to set the mixture.


23 state trees for 32 states of U.S.A.were researched according to related materials.They belonged to 16 genera and 11 families,in which Pinaceae trees accounted for the most important parts.Most of these trees were evergreen plants,together with the ornamental value on their shape.


Web services are being increasingly adopted as the computing engine of choice for today's Internet-driven applications. The composition of Web services further advances their advantages by allowing different services to integrate for providing new, value-added services. The automated discovery of adequate Web services is the pre-requisite and core feature for achieving dynamic Web services composition. In this paper, we present a novel approach that utilizes Case Based Reasoning methodology for modelling the Web services discovery and matchmaking problem. Our framework uses OWL semantic descriptions extensively for implementing both the components of the CBR engine and the matchmaking profile of the Web services.


We investigate fundamental properties of axioms of Boolean algebra in detail by using the method of indeterminate coefficients, which uses multiple-valued logic. We can prove that four axioms, one of the commutative laws, one of the complementary laws, one of the distributive laws and one of the least element(a), greatest element (b) and the absorption laws are independent from others in the set of fundamental axioms of Boolean algebra. Then we research candidates, including those four axioms and other smaller number of axioms and prove all of those candidates are indeed complete and independent sets of axioms of the algebra.


It is proved by the long-term exploration that natural gas hydrate generally occurs within fine-grained sediments, and its stability is controlled by a number of physical, chemical and geological factors, such as temperature, pressure, pore water composition, and so on. Recent experimental studies have shown that the stability of gas hydrate in pore space with various pore structures is distinguished evidently from that of bulk one. Pore structures of host sediments significantly affect the formation and dissociation of gas hydrate, as well as wettability of pore surface. We summarize the latest experiments reported in literatures and discuss the possible influence mechanism of pore structure and wettability of inner surfaces on the stability of gas hydrates confined in pores. It is proposed that establishing an integrated thermodynamics model of methane hydrates in pore spaces with various radii, and investigating the pore structure and surface properties of hydrate-bearing sediments would advance the prediction, exploration and evaluation of gas hydrate resources. At the same time, it is of importance for methane storage and transportation.


The concentration of trace metals (Co, Cr, Zn, Cu, and Pb), major elements (Al, Mn, Fe, Ca, Mg, and K), along with the percentage of sediment components (sand, silt, clay, and organic carbon), was determined in three sediment cores, collected from intertidal regions of the Zuari estuary (ZA and ZR) and Cumbharjua canal (CB). The Cores CB and ZR, collected from the upper middle estuarine environment, showed higher values of finer fractions and total organic carbon as well as metals (except of Ca) than Core ZA, which was sampled from the lower estuarine environment. The concentration of trace metals including Mn and Fe was found to be largely dependent on the proximity to mining areas, with Core ZR and Core CB representing the highest metal concentrations (Mn, Fe, Cr, and Zn). Absence of a significant early diagenetic remobilization might have preserved the metal loadings due to mining and industrial activities in Cores ZR and CB. In Core ZA, all the elements except Cu showed significant enrichment in the upper portion. Enrichment factor computed in all the cores was found to be above 2 for all the studied metals except Zn, which suggests a high degree of metal contamination. All these observations indicate that the present study area is under the strong influence of anthropogenic activities, especially in recent years.


Laser driven dielectric accelerators could operate at a fundamental mode frequency where consideration must be given to the frequency dependence of the dielectric constant when calculating wakefields. Wakefields are calculated for a frequency dependence that arises from a single atomic resonance. Causality is considered, and the effects on the short range wakefields are calculated.


Modern electronic systems, especially sensor and imaging systems, are beginning to incorporate their own neural network sub-systems. In order for these neural systems to learn in real-time they must be implemented using VLSI technology, with as much of the learning processes incorporated on-chip as is possible. Most VLSI implementations literally implement a series of neural processing cells, which can be connected together in an arbitrary fashion. The work presented here utilises two-dimensional instruction systolic arrays in an attempt to define a general neural architecture which is closer to the biological basis of neural networks-it is the synapses themselves, rather than the neurons, that have dedicated processing units. The architecture has been defined, along with a limited instruction set, and has been shown to operate correctly under simulation for the backpropagation training algorithm.


Social networks like twitter reveals a lot of what is going on around in a city. Posts and tweets of people visiting events, concerts or attending civil demonstrations are on the norm of social networks. By mining such data, social networks can reveal the hotspots of events or activities demonstrating the pulse of a Smart City in real time. This paper presents the current state of the art in the field of event detection in social networks. After covering the basics of event detection, we present several selected publications covering diverse approaches, pointing out their advantages and limitations. We further identify open research gaps presenting our current efforts towards a more robust and complete event detection technique.


'One of the standard works on the drama and events around Lincoln's death and the realities and the myths that came after...There are moments when Friend Lewis achieves laughter or a flash of poetry in a single sentence of a sober fact narrative' - Carl Sandburg. 'Indispensable...to any historian of Lincoln's times, and it is fascinating reading. Lloyd Lewis presents in substance a brilliant study of the creation of myth out of natural event, and of the deification of a national hero' - "Outlook".The Civil War officially ended at Appomattox soon after President Lincoln's second inauguration. During his first term he had been widely viewed by special-interest groups as a good-natured, indecisive bungler, and worse. In the South he was still despised, and many in the North, especially the radicals in the Republican party, distrusted and derided his leniency toward the vanquished. On the evening of April 14, 1865, an assassin's bullet irrevocably altered the way Abraham Lincoln would be viewed by Americans.In life a cunning politician, Lincoln became in death a selfless martyr. Lloyd Lewis explicates the mythology that evolved out of Lincoln's death, the outpouring of national grief, the pursuit of John Wilkes booth and the conspirators, booth's fate, and the frequent moving and reburial of Lincoln's coffin. Lloyd Lewis wrote "Sherman, Fighting Prophet" (1993), also a Bison Book. Mark E. Neely, Jr., who introduces this book, previously titled "Myths after Lincoln", is professor of history at St. Louis University. He is the author of "The Abraham Lincoln Encyclopedia", "The Insanity File: The Case of Mary Todd Lincoln", and "The Fate of Liberty: Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties".


BACKGROUND & PURPOSE: Drug utilization research evaluates the appropriateness of the prescriptions which is important in clinical practice. Psychotropic polypharmacy is a major problem in psychiatric practice, which can lead to the development of adverse effects of those drugs in patients. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the utilization of psychotropic drugs being prescribed for various psychiatric illnesses.
 MATERIALS & METHODS: A prospective, cross sectional, observational study was carried out in patients visiting the Psychiatric Out-Patient Department of B J Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospital, Pune, INDIA; from December 2016 to May 2018. A total of 500 prescriptions were analysed using WHO Drug Use indicators and some other indicators.
 RESULTS: Average number of drugs per prescription was 3.14 ± 1.18; while average number of Psychotropic drugs per prescription was 2.27 ± 0.90. 84.35% of the total drugs prescribed by Generic name. 43.89% and 41.67% of the total drugs were prescribed from National List of Essential Medicines 2015 and WHO Model List of Essential Medicines 2017, respectively. Antipsychotics was the most commonly prescribed group of Psychotropic drugs, while Olanzapine was the most commonly prescribed Psychotropic drug. 64.25% of the total drugs were prescribed from the hospital drugstore.
 CONCLUSION: In the present study, drugs were prescribed rationally and judiciously. But there was a need to increase the prescription of drugs from essential drug lists. Apart from that, there was found a need to increase the availability of the commonly prescribed Psychotropic drugs in the hospital drugstore of the study institution.


For immediate early genes such as the c‐fos proto‐oncogene, mRNA breakdown is very rapid and is largely responsible for the transient nature of mRNA accumulation after transcription is stimulated. We found that in several types of cultured cells and in mice, Zn++ caused marked accumulation of c‐fos mRNA and that of another labile mRNA, that encoding the tristetraprolin (TTP) protein. Exposure of TK‐L cells to 100 μM ZnSO4 caused an increase of c‐fos and TTP mRNA levels within 1 h that reached peak levels in 4–8 h and remained constant to 12 h. Increases in fos protein accumulation were also noted. When the cells were exposed to Zn++ for 4 h and then exposed to actinomycin D, both c‐fos and TTP mRNA levels remained constant for up to 10 h, indicating that Zn++ was preventing the breakdown of both c‐fos and TTP mRNA. Also, 100 μM ZnSO4 inhibited protein synthesis in TK‐L cells, suggesting that the effect on mRNA accumulation © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


This research is developing the technique of troubleshooting in digital excitation system of nuclear power plant. and the design technique of excitation system is thought to be advanced through this research. Especially, the development of simulator enables to accumulate digital control technique, m...


Existing statutory methods for the determination of phosphate in fertilizers are discussed and their defects pointed out. Four recent methods which have been in constant use are described in detail and the standard deviations indicated. The respective advantages of these methods in the laboratory and their comparative costs per determination are discussed. These methods are recommended for consideration as standard methods.


Martin Luther urged each town to have a girls' school so that girls would learn to read the Gospel, thereby evoking a surge of building girls' schools in Protestant areas. Using county- and town-level data from the first Prussian census of 1816, we show that a larger share of Protestants decreased the gender gap in basic education. This result holds when using only the exogenous variation in Protestantism due to a county's or town's distance to Wittenberg, the birthplace of the Reformation. Similar results are found for the gender gap in literacy among the adult population in 1871.


We assume that the wavelength sets used in the down/upstream traffic are the same and they are in the 1.5 /spl mu/m window, and that single mode fibers are laid out in the optical access networks.


The processes of constructing Hamiltonian graphs are studied using operations of union and intersection (gluing operations), which preserve the property of being Hamiltonian. The generating bases (elemental and operational) of such processes are identified.


UNSTRUCTURED
 Since the declaration of Covid-19 as a Pandemic by WHO on 13th March,2020 over 210 countries / territories have active cases and 1/3rd of the world's population are on complete lockdown or partial restriction. Main route of transmission of Covid-19 is through droplets like most communicable respiratory illnesses followed by infected surfaces. Public measures like wearing masks, social distancing, hand washing and other respiratory hygiene are being followed in unprecedented level and people are tested rapidly if they show symptoms of the disease such as fever, cough, fatigue, myalgia and dyspnea.. These symptoms are similar to other respiratory diseases such as common flu, influenza, pneumonia and Tuberculosis and these preventive measures are also effective in these diseases. In Wuhan, China the lockdown lasted for 76 days and seems to follow similar course in other countries. The air pollution and travel has also decreased which will further decrease transmission of respiratory illnesses. These behavioral changes can get embedded into human cultures as seen in Japan after Spanish flu where people regularly wear masks in winter. This might play a vital role to decrease incidence of other respiratory illnesses like Tb and influenza for which we need to be observant and carry time series analysis of the pre and post pandemic data. With proper strategies this could be utilized as an opportunity to reduce burden of other respiratory communicable disease around the globe.


PURPOSE
Assessment of the long-term effect of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment on the serum level of hepatocarcinogenesis marker--alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), in patients (pts) with chronic viral hepatitis (c.v.h.) type B and C.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Thirty seven pts (21 with HCV and 16 with HBV infection; 20 women, 17 men, aged 24-62) were included in the study. The pts were administered IFN-alpha in the dose of 9-15 MU per week, thrice weekly, for 16 weeks (HBV group) and 24-52 weeks (HCV group). The effectiveness of IFN-alpha treatment was evaluated on the basis of the HBV DNA and HCV RNA level in the blood. The serum AFP values were determined before and 4-7 years after IFN-alpha treatment.

RESULTS
The baseline serum AFP level was increased in 26 out of 37 pts (70%) (14/21 from HCV group; 12/16 from HBV group). After the 4-7 years' follow-up it remained elevated only in 2 out of 37 pts (5%). AFP values significantly decreased after IFN-alpha treatment (17.58 +/- 19.09 IU/ml vs 7.95 +/- 21.78 IU/ml; p < 0.05; normal range 0-5 IU/ml) in both HBV and HCV, responder and non-responder groups.

CONCLUSIONS
IFN-alpha therapy significantly decreases the serum AFP level in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and C. Its beneficial clinical effects have been observed both in responders and in non-responders. It could diminish the risk of liver carcinogenesis, however further studies are required to elucidate this issue.


T-cell receptor (TCR)α and γ genes polymorphisms were analysed by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) in 10 Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) multiplex families. TCRα and γ alleles distribution does not significantly differ between affected and non affected children. Furthermore there was no excess of Cα or V γallele sharing in affected sib pairs. Therefore the T-cell receptor α and γ chain alleles studied do not seem to affect IDDM susceptibility per se.


This article presents the general analysis of finite high-dimensional integrals using the Importance Sampling (IS) in aim to the parameter estimation of Taylor's stochastic volatility (SV) model. After we proceed to make an alternative derivation for Sequential Importance Sampling (SIS) in previous literatures, we propose a new approach to select the optimal parameters of sampler, which is called as Universal Importance Sampling (UIS). UIS minimizes the Monte Carlo variance and numerically performs at least the same accurately as the SIS algorithm, but the computational efficiency get greatly improved. We apply both methods and investigate the SV model on the data, then make comparisons of the results.


Consumers are becoming very health conscious, and this attitude is also supported by governments which invest high levels of resources in promoting the consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables. Water melon (Citrullus lanatus cv.) is largely consumed as refreshing summer fruit throughout the Mediterranean region especially in Egypt, where its consumption is seasonal and occurs mainly between May and September. Watermelon provides a wide variety of dietary antioxidants such as carotenoids (lycopene and β-carotene), phenols, vitamins (A, B, C and E) and specific amino acids [1], which are thought to exert a protective role in reducing the risk of certain types of cancers, cardiovascular diseases and age-related degenerative pathologies [2]. The health benefits of eating watermelon, as well as its low caloric value, make it a very attractive fruit. Identification and quantification of bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of many fruits and vegetables are well defined; however, studies on the characterization and quantification of the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity properties of watermelon are very limited. It has been reported that the levels of the health promoting bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of fruits and vegetables are strongly influenced by genotype differences and external factors such as agro-technical processes, environmental conditions, ripening stage, harvest and postharvest manipulations [3].


Sentiment analysis or opinion mining is a process of categorizing and identifying the sentiment expressed in a particular text. The need of automatic sentiment retrieval of the text is quite high as amount of reviews obtained from the Internet are huge in number. Reviews on various "Ecommerce websites", "social networks", and "movie review websites" come up huge in number regularly. These reviews on popular products help in determining the public opinion towards the product. An averaged histogram model is proposed in the process that deals with text classification in continuous variable approach. After data cleaning and feature extraction from the reviews, average histograms are constructed for every class, containing a generalized feature representation in that particular class. Histograms of every test elements are then matched with the averaged histograms of every class using k-Nearest Neighbor and Naïve Bayesian Classifier. Results showed on 3000 reviews a steady classification accuracy of 79-80% with the Naïve Bayesian Classifier with very little cost of computation, and increase in the number of training dataset k-Nearest Neighbor can give up to a high accuracy of 85%. This work proposed here is language independent, neither include any dictionary nor depend on the meaning of any word. General Terms Sentiment Analysis, Text classification, k-Nearest Neighbor, Naïve Bayesian Classifier


Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis using T-cell receptor δ chain gene (TCRδ), immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IgH) and t(14;18) translocation was used to assess minimal residual disease (MRD) in PBSC and bone marrow from patients with leukaemia and lymphoma. PCR positivity was found in a proportion of PBSC harvests collected following standard chemotherapy.


Ce doped-BaHfO_3 nano-powders were synthesized by the co deposition and calcing method,XRD,TEM and TG-DTA were employed to analyze the phase change and the characteristics of nano-powders during calcing process.The excitation and emission spectra were analyzed by the fluorescence photometer.Results show that the average diameter of the powders is about 30—50 nm, the powders have good dispersibility and polygonal morphology after calcining at 1000℃for 2 h. The maximum light band intensity appeared at dopping of 0.3%Ce (molar fraction).There are two excitation bands at 393 nm and 445 nm,and two emission bands excited by the 393 nm light are located at 485 nm and 530 nm,repectively.But there is only one wide emission band excited by the 445 nm light,peaking at 529 nm,another emission peak near 483 nm is very weak.The emission character is resulting from the 5d→~2F_(5/2) and 5d→~2F_(7/2) transitions of Ce~(3+) cation,and both the excitation and emission spectra were wide bands.


— Structural frames are often filled with masonry walls serving as partitions or as cladding. Although infills usually are not considered in the structural design, their influence on the behavior of the frame is considerable. Up until the infill's cracks, the contribution of the infill to both lateral stiffness and strength is very significant. The infill also changes the dynamic characteristics of the frames. The change in lateral stiffness, strength and natural period of the frames structure due to the presence of infill's change the behavior of the building under seismic action. According to that, the aim of our project is to improve interaction between frame and in filled walls. In our project two types of specimens are prepared for studying the influence of in filled wall in framed structure by through three bay of structure. Here two specimens are going to be analyzed under the following methodologies, R.C frame without infill, R.C frames with infill using reverse cyclic loading. The properties of concrete and steel are also measured for analysis of experimental work. According to the code IS456: 2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete Code of practice, the specimens are prepared and testing of specimens are going to carried out through the loading frame.


A coaxial unstable resonator using a vortex tube to cool a convex mirror has been developed for a transversely excited atmospheric (TEA) CO2 laser. The time dependent thermal deformation of the convex mirror was analyzed by using the finite element method. The simulated results indicate that the vortex-tube-cooling system can remarkably reduce the thermal deformation of the convex mirror, especially at long working times. Also, an experimental verification was carried out, and the results show that the developed vortex-tube-cooling coaxial unstable resonator system is an effective and applicable cooling method for a convex mirror. The divergence angle drops from 3.19 to 1.78 mrad, and the times-diffraction-limit factor β decreases from 6.94 to 1.78 if using the vortex-tube-cooling system when the repetition rate is 3 Hz and the continuous working time is 300 s.


The first university in Russia 'based on the example of the European universities' was opened in 1755 in Moscow. Between 1802 and 1804, a system of universities covered the entire country and six imperial universities became the centres of educational districts. The emergence of the universities in Russia is related to the country's cultural orientation on the values of European civilisation. Established by the supreme power, the university concept was first seen as an instrument for the Europeanisation of the population. It was an educational project supported entirely by the state and aimed at the upbringing of a new type of imperial subject who would think in the European way. In the 19th century, German universities served as the model for Russian schools of higher education after the reform of the University of Göttingen, and thereafter based on the development of the so-called classic university modelled on Humboldt's concept.1 Russian universities should 'do their best to make sure Russian science is on a par with the science in other


Nanocapsules are submicroscopic colloidal drug carrier systems consist of a liquid/solid core in which the drug, gene, protein, and other substances are incorporated into the interior cavity that is surrounded by a distinctive polymeric membrane. Polymers like collagen, albumin, and gelatin are mainly using polymers in nanocapsule formulations. Nanocapsules can serve as nano-sized drug carriers to achieve controlled release as well as efficient drug targeting. The process is used to improve the poor aqueous drug solubility, taste, stabilizing drugs by protecting the molecule from the environment, providing the desired pharmacokinetic profile, allowing controlled release, as well as facilitating oral administration. Capsules are generally prepared between the range of 100 and 1000 nm. Their release and degradation properties largely depend on the composition and the structure of the capsule walls. The dispersion stability of nanocapsules determined by the surfactant, nature of the outer coating. This review describes various facts of nanocapsule drug delivery systems in relation to the method of formulation, characterization, potential benefits and risks, and pharmaceutical applications in drug delivery.


Control of the RF frequency: (1) 'RF Freq Check' on P85 (E835 Baby Sitter) should be turned OFF. (2) The RF frequency should be adjusted so that it is in the notch of the 4-8 GHz momentum cooling pickup response. The RF frequency device to be controlled depends on which RF system is on. If ARF2 is on, the RF frequency device is A:RLLFS1. If ARF3 is on, the RF frequency device is A:RLLFS0. IMPORTANT NOTE: A:RLLFS0 and A:RLLFS1 have very different data base scaling (A:RLLFS0 is 4 bytes and A:RLLFS1 is 2 bytes). A:RLLFS0 can be safely knobbed with a mult factor of 1.0 (i.e. no multiplier is required). A:RLLFS1 requires a mult factor of 0.02 or smaller. The monitoring and adjustment of the RF frequency is accomplished by the following steps: (3) Set up SA1 so that it is connected to CP48-SCH (4-8 GHz momentum cooling pickup). Set the SA center frequency to a harmonic of the RF frequency. This is most easily accomplished by doing one of the following: (a) If ARF3 is on, send P41 file 22 to SA1. (b) If ARF2 is on, set A:RLLFS0 to the set value of A:RLLFS1 then send P41 filemore » 22 to SA1. (4) SA1 can be viewed on CATV channel pbar 20. If the notch in the momentum cooling pickup response is not at the center frequecy of SA1 adjust the RF. (On the low energy ramp, 1 division on the SA1 display at 5.5 GHz corresponds to 2.3 Hz in revolution frequency). Once you've made an adjustment to the RF frequency you should reset the SA1 display according to step 3 above.« less


An increasing awareness of the importance of the role of the population as opposed to that of the individual has been one of the major trends of the past several years in evolutionary research. This trend can be discerned in both the botanical and zoological aspects of such disciplines as genetics, ecology, taxonomy, and paleontology. The shift in interest from individual to population has neces-, sitated a renewed study of variation in natural groups since individuals in nature are never phenotypically, and almost never genotypically, identical. The study of variation and its relation to the mechanics of evolutionary change in fossil materials has been hampered in the past by the paucity of species for which an adequate sample was available as well as the reluctance of many paleontological practitioners to stray outside the confines of the typology concept. Happily, continued success in the field has alleviated (at least in part) the first obstacle and an increasing understanding of evolutionary dynamics, the second. Simpson (1944, 1953) has given the most complete expression of recent paleontological thought on problems in which characteristics of populations, including variation, are of prime concern. Most types of variation, to be studied adequately, must be approached not only fronm the biological point of view but also with the statistical tools of the biometrician. In the above-mentioned work, Simpson analyzed statistically the relationship between variability and speciation in a phyletic series of Jurassic ammonites. He interpreted the reduction of variation at points of speciation as due to an unequal segregation of variability in the parental population. This point has received practically no attention in studies of vertebrate evolution. It will formu one of the main topics of interest in the present paper. The term, variability, will be used throughout as the potentiality or the capacity of organisms to differ from each other as distinguished from its actual realization or expression, variation. In genetic terms variability would represent genotypic differences, variation phenotypic differences. The degree of correlation between the two is obviously very high. As the gaps in many of the well-known phylogenetic series have become progressively reduced by new field discoveries, paleontologists have concerned themselves not only with readjustments and greater refinements of the phylogenies involved but also with the rates at which such changes took place with an eye to the causal factors involved. Although most fossil lineages are too imperfectly known to lend themselves to such quantitative treatment, the past decade has seen a great increase in the number of vertebrate groups whose evolutionary rates have been studied quantitatively. The problem of the relationship between variation and rates of change in fossil populations has received little direct study up to the present time. Simpson (1944) made a preliminary analysis of pairs of allied living species, one of which has evolved rapidly, the other at more moderate rates (e.g. horses and tapirs). He found that the more slowly evolving member of each pair showed a variability at least as great as in the allied, more rapidly evolving line and adds "there is


Novel circuit design is proposed for a low‐frequency quartz crystal oscillator circuit that consists of four segments. The characteristics of the negative resistance in a low‐frequency Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS)‐inverter quartz oscillator were reviewed for the two modes of SC (stress‐compensated) cut mode and the overtone of low‐frequency mode; separation of two modes and suppression of overtone oscillation were demonstrated successfully. Experimental results and an estimate of the absolute value of the negative resistance are presented for the four‐segment oscillator circuit and the conventional Colpitts circuit and two new types of oscillator circuits. © 2011 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The invention relates to self-sufficient buoyant heavyweight ups for connection to an offshore plant for the conversion of wind energy or solar energy into electrical energy with a solid sheet, at least one inflatable chamber, and fastening means for a supporting structure of a wind power installation or a solar installation. These are distinguished in particular by the fact that the offshore structure is simple fixedly anchored. For this purpose, has the solid plate anchor plates, each having a fastening means for connecting with at least one anchoring means for connection to the supporting structure. The anchor plate has at least one vertically oriented or substantially vertically oriented first plate with the fastener and at least one horizontal or substantially horizontally oriented second plate. The first plate is located at least partly in the solid sheet, so that the second plate is covered by a region of the solid plate. Thus, the first plates of the anchor plates tensile forces of the structure further conductive first plates and the second plates are the tensile forces resulting from the pressure forces on the solid plate-exerting plates.


The structure of difluorophosphine borane (HF2P–BH3) has been determined from the microwave spectra of six isotopic species. The expected staggered conformation and Cs symmetry have been confirmed. The structural parameters are: d(PH) = 1.409 ± 0.004 A; d(PF) = 1.552 ± 0.006 A; d(PB) = 1.832 ± 0.009 A; d(BHa) = 1.226 ± 0.005 A; d(BHs) = 1.200 ± 0.007 A; ∠HaBHa = 112.7 ± 0.5°; ∠HaBHs = 115.9 ± 0.4°; ∠FPF = 100.0 ± 0.5°; ∠FPH = 98.62 ± 0.25°; ∠BPF = 117.7 ± 0.3°. Two angles (PBHs = 109.9 ± 0.3°; PBHa = 99.89 ± 0.26°) indicate a tilt of the borane group away from the fluorine atoms. The value of the dipole moment obtained from Stark splittings is 2.504 ± 0.030 D. A range for the barrier to internal rotation is estimated as 3600–4500 cal/mole. The change in structural parameters of HF2PBH3 compared to similar compounds, the stability of HF2PBH3 towards dissociation, and the tilted borane group are discussed.


Objective:To compare the clavicular hook plate with double Endobutton plate with cerclage in curative effect and imaging findings in the treatment of Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation.Methods:A ccording to retrospective analysis of 47cases of Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation admitted to the department of orthopedics and traumatology of our hospital from 2011January to 2013April with complete followed up data,including 30cases of clavicular hook plate fixation,17cases of double Endobutton plate with cerclage fixation,and the operation time、curative effect、 postoperative X-manifestations and treatment cost were compared between two groups.Results:There was no significant difference(P0.05)in the operation time in the two groups;A mean 6months follow-up after surgery,finally shoulder joint Constant score of the plate with cerclage group slightly higher than the clavicular hook plate group,but there was no statistical difference between them(P0.05);Anatomical reduction of distal clavicle was got in plate with cerclage group displaied from post-operation X-ray,while in 2cases of hook plate group the distal part of clavicle was lower than the acromial end,and in 1case the hook side was too long;There was no significant statistical difference in the cost of treatment(the cost of remove the fixtion had already been counted).Conclusion:In the treatment of Tossy type III acromioclavicular joint dislocation,double Endobutton plate with cerclage is superior to the clavicular hook plate in the reduction extent、 complications preventing.


Near-point and far-point binocular and monocular sighting tests given 20 high and 20 low achievers each from regular classrooms at Grades 4, 8, and 12 (N = 240) yielded significant x3 for differences of proportions of lateral agreement with sidedness in comparison to distributions unrelated to sidedness. Composite sighting congruent to sidedness yielded significant differences between classroom and reading clinic samples. The near-point binocular sighting test markedly influences distributions of combined scores in sighting.


This study aimed to find out the impact of the translation techniques used by the translator in The White Lady's subtitles of Pamali: Indonesian Folklore Horror Game. This study applied descriptive qualitative method. The data in this study were obtained through document analysis and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The theory of translation techniques used for analysing the technique in this study was proposed by Molina and Albir (2002). This research also assessed the translation quality by using the model of Translation Quality Assessment proposed by Nababan, et al (2012). The translation quality and the assessment were done through FGD with three raters. The result showed that there were 18 techniques applied in the subtitle. This study found that established equivalent affected the translation quality in positive way. Meanwhile, deletion technique gave the bad impact on all aspects of translation quality. This study also discovered the technique namely variant borrowing that was found by Dyah (2019). The average score of accuracy, acceptability, and readability respectively was 2,94, 2,96, and 2,97. Therefore, the score of the translation quality was high with 2.95 of 3.


Schools have a demonstrated need for student non-suicidal self-injury protocols and school counselors play an important role in the development and implementation of such procedures. This article presents an overview of school counselor considerations related to developing and implementing a self-injury protocol. It provides an example of a comprehensive school counseling protocol for addressing student self-injury, including a sample safety plan. The authors present a case study application and discuss implementation considerations.


We study the balanced-heterodyne detection of optical squeezing, for which the corresponding spectral density of the photocurrent fluctuations produced at the output of the photo-detector is calculated as the Fourier transform of their autocorrelation function. We show that, for maximal signal-to-noise ratio enhancement by use of squeezed states of light, an optical signal to be measured in this scheme must be carried in the squeezed quadrature of the carrier field. We discuss how this scheme may be exploited in gravitational-wave searching.


In this paper, the control design for a class of strict feedback nonlinear systems with full-state time-varying delays, unknown control directions, and full-state constraints is investigated. To deal with the time-varying coefficients and unknown control directions, Nussbaum-type gains are designed for each-subsystem. Barrier Lyapunov functions are introduced to construct full state constraints and improve tracking performance. To overcome the influences of full-state time-varying delays, Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals are employed. Dynamic surface control technique is utilized to avoid the explosion of complexity. In the end, a numerical example is provided to validate the effectiveness of the method developed.


Objective: To compare the closed reduction and percutaneous K wire fixation method outcomes in the treatment of supracondylar displaced fracture of elbow in children. Study Design: Prospective study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Orthopaedics, Arif Memorial Teaching Hospital, Lahore from 2nd April 2021 to 31st September 2021. Methodology: One hundred and seventy children were included. Those children having supracondylar displaced fractures of elbow with a grade 3 were included in the study as participant. K wires of 1.5-2cm were used after closed reductions were satisfactorily achieved. Padded-Back slabs at posterior position of elbow were applied. At 2 weeks' suture removal and pin configuration was also observed. Callus production was observed through radiological x ray images. Results: Majority of the children belonged to the age group of 6-10 years. There were 59.4% males while 40.58% were females. Within the total number of cases 55% were administered two lateral parallel K wires while 45% were administered cross K wire. Pin tract infection was formed in 2.5% of lateral K wire cases while it was observed in only 1.2 % of Cross wire cases. Most of the children got the fracture while playing a sport. The recovery phase was of 3.5 months while fracture joined in a mean value of 1 month. Conclusion: Lateral percutaneous pin technique for the management of supracondylar fracture of humerus bone is a more suitable method and offers same results without involvement of iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury. Keywords: Humerus, Ulnar nerve, Pin method, K-wire, Deformation


How is international adoption framed in the popular press? Do those framings shape adoption decision making? Using a multimethod approach of content analysis of newspaper reportage and in-depth interviews with international adoptive parents, this article examines the past two decades of popular press stories on international adoption and explores links between media frames and adoption decision making. Findings reveal that, although the majority of media frames on international adoption are negative, variations exist depending on the sending country profiled. Reportage on Russia adoption consists of more negative frames, whereas China adoption is more likely to be framed positively. These differences in media framings on Russia and China, the two most popular countries for international adoption into the United States from the mid-1990s to the mid-2000s, emerged in adoptive parents' narratives of adoption decision making.


ABSTRACT The authors examine methodological characteristics of summative evaluations in informal science education (ISE), asking: What are the major types of designs used in summative evaluations, and what kinds of questions can they answer? What are the types of data collection methods and measures used, and how many are self-reports or direct measures? They reviewed all summative reports from the year 2012 on informalscience.org, the online resources portal from the Center for Advancement of Informal Science Education. They found reliance on nonexperimental evaluation designs and heavy use of self-report instruments. If a primary function of summative evaluations is to assess impact, and impact is a causal question, then these findings are problematic; the field needs to move beyond the mostly descriptive studies found in the sample. Interviews with nine leaders in ISE and ISE evaluation help explain evaluation challenges in ISE and generate ideas for advancing the field.


Rangefinders operating at a wavelength of 10.6 microns have good performance in conditions of poor visibility, are optically compatible with thermal viewing systems and are eye-safe; these advantages are particularly important for military applications. To demonstrate the feasibility of rangefinding at this wavelength prototype pulsed carbon dioxide (002) laser rangefinders have been developed. The prototype equipment has a mod-ular construction and uses a Marconi Avionics sealed off CO2 transversely excited atmospheric (TEA) laser tube in the transmitter unit. The receiver unit smploys germanium optics and a lead tin telluride (LTT) detector which is cooled to 77 K. Trials of this laser rangefinder have been conducted against a variety of targets and a ranging performance of up to 9 km with an accuracy of + 5 m has been demonstrated.


As incidents of terrorism become more common, pharmacists, and medical professionals must plan for a possible domestic terrorist attack involving biologic, chemical, or nuclear weapons. For the United States to be truly prepared, federal, state, and local agencies must have the knowledge, intelligence, training, and supplies to counter this realistic threat of the twenty-first century. Terrorists often use chemical, biologic, or limited nuclear warfare in which weapons are easier to produce, smaller in size, and have a profound psychologic and physical impact.


Separating flows can be encountered in the cardiovascular circulatory system and many biomedical applications such as artificial organs, rotary blood pumps, heart valves, stents, catheters, and probes. The current study investigates the influence of hemorheology on the flow behavior in a confined separated flow region. Recent hemorheological models and data are utilized to account for the yield stress and shear-thinning non-Newtonian characteristics of human blood. The flow field information is obtained by numerically solving the governing mass and momentum conservation equations along with the Herschel-Bulkley rheological model. The yield shear-thinning model always results in the smallest flow separation region. The yield stress and shear-thinning non-Newtonian models predict lower recirculation strength in comparison with the Newtonian model.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


State boundaries have for a long time been understood as being fixed, stable and concrete entities which divide the global space into bounded units and which change mainly as a consequence of conflicts between territorial powers. Identities and boundary construction are therefore two sides of the same coin. It is now increasingly argued how the processes of globalization and the rise of virtual spaces or information cyperspaces will give rise to new global geographies and increase all kinds of economic, political and cultural links over boundaries. Cyperspace also enables the creation of global-based (national) identity communities which are not territorially bounded. Boundaries are hence increasingly interpreted as being vanishing elements in spatial transformation rather than stable physical lines. This will, the argument goes on, reduce the meanings of state boundaries and sovereignty and finally lead to deand re-territorialization, i.e. changes in the functions and meanings of boundaries. The notions of deand re-territorialization are associated with the works of Deleuze and Guattari who used them to describe the effects of capitalism on previous fixed orders of class, kinship, space, etc., but in current geopolitical literature they have become much used metaphors of cultural, social and spatial change. Much of de-territorializing discourse is therefore linked with the ideas of globalization or the economic, cultural and environmental transformation of the global space. Scholars are not unanimous about the meanings of this phenomenon and its effects on global-local relations and on boundaries, but new rhetoric reflects in any case changes in global activity spaces. In this rhetoric boundaries are often represented as symbols of past world characterized by the space of places that will be replaced by a dynamic world characterized by a space of flows. The Castellsian flow-rhetoric is persuasive and is used in many different contexts. The space of flows, it is argued, will decrease the roles of 'sovereignty' and 'identities' of states and challenge national identities and boundaries. Side-by-side with previous tendencies nationalism and ethnoregionalism, linked with the flows of displaced people and refugees, create new boundaries and challenge the relations between existing social and physical spaces. This will give rise to conflicts and new boundary-drawing between social groups, i.e. to re-territorialization. Boundaries are thus understood as one dimension of identity formation and territoriality. This means that politics of identity, a constant process of negotiation, becomes a crucial question. This paper discusses the changing roles of boundaries in the contemporary world. The boundaries between diverging territorial units are comprehended as being contextual, contested and shifting rather than stable categories. The paper aims at providing some new theoretical ideas for border studies and as a background to discuss the arguments that have been set forth regarding the 'disapperance of boundaries' (and nations-state) in the current world. Some theoretical perspectives will be discussed that might be useful for multidimensional boundary studies. The key argument is that instead of understanding boundaries a fixed lines, boundaries should be


These Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne EPFL, n° 727 (1988) Reference doi:10.5075/epfl-thesis-727Print copy in library catalog Record created on 2005-03-16, modified on 2016-08-08


Solid waste management is now a global issue. Solid waste is generated at all levels of our lives in Nigeria; both locally as household solid waste and in the corporate front as industrial wastes and management practices are very poor. To investigate the management strategies of solid waste in Aba, Abia State, Nigeria, a study was conducted between June and November, 2018. Data was collected using structured questionnaires. A total number of 200 respondents were randomly selected as the study respondents. Results obtained on the awareness and attitudes revealed that greater proportions of the respondents (84.0%) were aware of waste management while (66.5%) exhibited poor attitudes. All the respondents opined that the waste management system in Aba was not effective. On the types and sources of solid wastes generation, non-biodegradables (63.5%) were reported more than (36.5%) biodegradables. It was also revealed that markets were the highest source of waste generation (65.0%). Burning/incineration and open dumping were the major methods of solid waste management methods with (46.0%) and (35.5%) respectively. Bags were reported to be the major waste collection method with (58.5%). These solid wastes generated in Aba metropolis has the potentials to be used for energy generation. There should be an enlightenment program by the government on waste management practices. It was further recommended that Government should create the enabling environment to enable private investors key into the initiative of building thermo-chemical plants that can effectively convert these solid wastes to electricity.


Abstract Mode shapes are sensitive to the structural condition of bridges but a reasonable estimate of such changes require several accelerometers, which can be resource intensive. This paper obviates this problem through a novel structure health monitoring (SHM) approach for estimating modal parameters of bridges, including damage-induced changes of boundary conditions by using progressively re-deploying sensors along a monitored bridge. This concept of re-deployable sensors and subsequent use of a series of measurements allow extracting data from different bridge segments and also to get an indication of the condition of the bridge through frequency domain decomposition. Data from different segments are combined to estimate the global mode shape of the bridge and its gradient is observed to be indicative of support stiffness change. The concept is successfully tested through a full-scale field trial on a railway bridge in the Republic of Ireland, before and after the rehabilitation of its supports. The results are expected to guide future on-site measurement of damages due to flooding, scour, and other natural hazards, along with the effectiveness of intervention actions like repair and rehabilitation, providing a clear evidence base for practical value of SHM.


This study aims at investigating the effect of KCl on the stability of Bi-2212 colloidal suspensions and on the resulting films fabricated via electrophoretic deposition. Colloidal suspensions of 0.0033 g of Bi-2212 powder with 10 mL ethanol plus 2 drops (~0.05 mL) of KCl solution in varying concentrations were tested for their stability. The colloidal suspension with 5.21 wt% was found to be optimum. This and the standard colloidal suspension were used in fabrication of Bi-2212 films. The analysis of the films showed that using the optimum colloidal suspension in film fabrication results to better quality film. The film had smoother film surface, high c-axis orientation, and higher Tc-onset of 84.73 K.


Floral induction in kochia (Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.) was influenced more by light period and temperature than by soil fertility or soil moisture. Floral induction occurred when the light period per 24-hr cycle was shorter than a critical length. However, the critical duration of light per 24-hr cycle at which floral induction occurred varied from about 13 to 15 hr among kochia selections. The time from emergence to flowering varied from 57 to 100 days. The kochia selection from New Mexico required a shorter light period and a longer time after emergence for floral induction than did selections from North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota. Kochia selections from the latter three states varied greatly in flowering date.


We discuss the Overhauser effect (particle-hole pairing) versus the BCS effect (particle-particle or hole-hole pairing) in QCD at large quark density. In weak coupling and to leading logarithm accuracy, the pairing energies can be estimated exactly. For a small number of colors, the BCS effect overtakes the Overhauser effect, while for a large number of colors the opposite takes place, in agreement with a recent renormalization group argument. In strong coupling with large pairing energies, the Overhauser effect may be dominant for any number of colors, suggesting that QCD may crystallize into an insulator at a few times nuclear matter density, a situation reminiscent of dense Skyrmions. The Overhauser effect is dominant in QCD in 1+1 dimensions, although susceptible to quantum effects. It is sensitive to temperature in all dimensions. (c) 2000 The American Physical Society.


Exposure levels (X-ray tube amperage and peak kilovoltage) are associated with various noise levels and radiation dose. When higher exposure levels are applied, the images have higher signal to noise ratio (SNR) in the CT images. However, the patient receives higher radiation dose in this case. In this paper, we use our robust 3D framework to segment vertebral bodies (VBs) in clinical computed tomography (CT) images with different noise levels. The Matched filter is employed to detect the VB region automatically. In the graph cuts method, a VB (object) and surrounding organs (background) are represented using a gray level distribution models which are approximated by a linear combination of Gaussians (LCG). Initial segmentation based on the LCG models is then iteratively refined by using Markov Gibbs random field(MGRF) with analytically estimated potentials. Experiments on the data sets show that the proposed segmentation approach is more accurate and robust than other known alternatives.


Musculature and nerve topography of the middle ("typical") abdominal segments III–VI are described for male Periplaneta (Blattaria) and Sphodromantis (Mantodea). Many additions and differences to earlier contributions are included. Segmental and individual variation are considered. Differences between Periplaneta and Sphodromantis are discussed. Characters are polarised by outgroup comparison with other Neoptera and made available for phylogenetic analysis in Dictyoptera. Some proposals for muscle and nerve terminologies are given.

The musculature is very similar in the two species, but Sphodromantis lacks a hyperneural muscle. Nerve topography is also largely similar, but there are striking differences in the anastomoses between the main nerves and in the spatial relations between certain nerves and muscles. A paramedian nerve was found in Periplaneta but not in Sphodromantis. In both species, segmental and individual variation are sparse in the musculature but rather extensive in the nervous system.

Apomorphies of Periplaneta are the degeneration of the anterior tergo-coxosternal muscles (still well-developed in nymphs), the loss of transverse striation in the median external ventral muscles (still present in nymphs), and the presence of an anastomosis between the two major branches of the ventral nerve. Apomorphies of Sphodromantis are the loss of the hyperneural muscle, the loss of the anastomosis between ventral and transverse nerve, the presence of an anastomosis between dorsal and ventral nerve, and possibly the loss of the paramedian nerve. Some of the discussed characters could be useful in the phylogenetic analysis of the Dictyoptera, also regarding the position of the Isoptera.


The spin effects in the elastic proton-proton scattering are analysed at NICA energies. It is shown the importance the investigation of the region of the diffraction minimum in the differential cross sections. Some possible estimation of spin effects are given for the different NICA energies in the framework of the new high energy generelazed structure (HEGS) model.


A theoretical model of the nonlinear signal-to-noise interaction (NSNI) in a bi-directional Raman amplified system with receiver-side digital back-propagation (DBP) or split-DBP is given, which is helpful for the design of such a system. In the proposed model, the distributed Raman gain and the spontaneous Raman scattering are taken into account. The results of the theoretical calculation are compared with the results of transmission simulations, which indicates that the theoretical model matches well with the results of simulations when the pre-compensation length is less than 100 km. For the cases of pre-compensation lengths more than 100 km, the theoretical model has an error of less than 0.1 dB compared with the simulations. By using the theoretical model, the efficiency of the split-DBP is analyzed, and the results are compared with transmission simulations. Both the results of theoretical calculation and simulations show that the split-DBP can effectively mitigate the NSNI in such a system. By adopting split-DBP, with an appropriate pre-compensation length, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the signal increases by about 1 dB. In addition, the impact of the double Rayleigh scattering (DRB) is also analyzed using the proposed model, and the results show that DRB has little impact on the system.


This chapter examines the broader implications of the intersection between text and archive. It compares the term "archival historiography" with other iterations of the archiving styles in literature, considers other biblical literature that might be illuminated by the term, and explores how thinking critically about the connection between space and text might reshape the means by which we evaluate literature, ancient and modern.


The main purpose of banks is to provide a safe custody for people to keep their money or their other securities. The nature and types of banks in the world prior to the 20th century was quite different than what we see as banks today. Those were private institutions having a profit motive, which acted as safe keepers of the money of public in lieu of payments made to them for such rendering of service. However the nature of those banks being private, in case they went bust the creditors had no claim over that money. A considerable number of Banks in each country have become commercialised Banks which are controlled by one central bankof that country. Thus Banks are more properly structured, organised and reliable financial institutions in the 21st century offering a varied amount of services to the public, including deposit services. Bank deposits are in the form of different accounts like savings account, current account, fixed deposit accounts which allows the customer to deposit a sum of money in the bank and he can withdraw it also at a point of time depending on the type of account he holds. In this assignment the nature of bank of deposits of China has been discussed. The data has been collected from the various banks, which has been footnoted. The various banks of China provide a varied amount of deposit service thus catering to the diverse needs of people.


The objective of the present article is that of describing the experience acquired with the application of an integral care program to women in their climacteric period, developed as of the year 2000 in the Villa A leg re Health Clinic of the commune of Temuco. The main objective of this program is that of romoting the improvement of the quality of life of consulting women, favoring both their physiological and their psychological adjustment. One of the outstanding features of the program is the psychosocial group intervention aiming at easing the establishment of supporting networks and the development of the participants' potentials. The experience of 20 women presenting spiritual and/or anxiety disturbances, is described. Their participation in the group began in 2002. Early in the year 2003 they obtained corporate existence, a fact which allowed them to link in with social networks and postulate to different projects. The success of the program surpassed the initial objectives because the women not only overcame their symptoms, they also achieved group cohesion and reinforcement of both their physical and psychological space. This achievement was related to the way in which the workshop was developed, the key element having been the creation of a climate of acceptance and respect, and the confidence of the professionals in the abilities and resources of the participants. This way of working reduces the paternalism of professionals and the dependence of the users, thus favoring the fact that the efforts invested in the promotion of the community organization in terms of improving the quality of life will have a permanence in time.


Introduction: There is a great variability in guidelines recommendations about pemetrexed use in Non-Small-Cell-Lung-Cancer (NSCLC) depending on the area in which they are consulted. This study evaluates the adherence of pemetrexed use in Andalusia (Spain) to recommendations of different guidelines. Method: Retrospective-descriptive study. Adult patients with metastatic/advanced NSCLC who received pemetrexed during the first term of 2010 and the last term of 2011 in Andalusia were included. Data collected: Andalusian health area, pemetrexed indication and adherence (yes/no) to guidelines recommendations. Results: 277 patients from 17 hospitals were included. In 2010, 10.28% of pemetrexed prescriptions were consistent with local guidelines, 75.7% with national guidelines and 80.37% with international ones. In 2011, 13% of pemetrexed prescriptions were consistent with local guidelines, 75% with national guidelines and 84% with international ones. Conclusion: The adherence of pemetrexed use in Andalusia to national and international recommendations is higher than adherence to regional ones


The arrival of new technology appears likely to re-shape the Australian repossessions industry and to enhance the recovery prospects in relation to motor vehicle losses of financiers. The AGENT invited Stuart Mallory of Digital Recognition Network to explain the opportunities for our industry.


Delta sediments are the main deposits in the Chang 2 oil beds of Yanchang Formation in Zhiluo area of the Ordos Basin and the sand bodies of distributary channel and subaquatic distributary channels are main reservoirs for the hydrocarbon.Fine lithic arkose sandstone and fine arkose sandstone are main sandstones of the Chang 2 reservoir.Dissolution porosity is less developed,the main reservoir in the grounds of dissolution of intergranular pore space,the original intergranular pores and micro-porous composite hole to hole remnants mainly intergranular corrosion,a small amount of micro-pores.Mainly in low porosity reservoirs,low permeability reservoir.Strong heterogeneity.Study area,strong compaction,cementation is the formation of low porosity and permeability of the main factors,while dissolution is the reservoir of the main factors to improve.


The growth of toxic Cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa, and the production of toxins, microcystins, pose serious concerns for the ecological health of lakes, such as western Lake Erie. The toxins are also significant health hazards and could contaminate tap water when sufficient and effective water treatment fails. In this study, water from the intakes of two water treatment plants along Lake Erie (Toledo and Painesville) were collected and examined for microcystins concentration (µg/L) and M. aeruginosa abundance (gene copies/mL) in concert with the performance of satellite-based cyanobacteria bloom indicators, chlorophyll-a and Cyanobacteria Index, a spectral shape index for monitoring the severity of cyanobacterial blooms from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) from May to October in 2013. Good correlations were observed between toxic M. aeruginosa, microcystins, and MODIS-retrieved bloom indicators for the Toledo water plant intake, where blooms were much more severe with higher chlorophyll-a, phycocyanin and microcystins, but not for the Painesville water plant intake in central Lake Erie where the blooms were less severe. The Spearman's correlation (0.815) suggested a high correlation between the level of microcystins and MODIS-retrieved chlorophyll-a concentration for the Toledo intake point in western Lake Erie. Both total and toxic Microcystis abundance showed a significant positive correlation with MODIS-retrieved chlorophyll-a for the Toledo water intake, as well as the two locations combined. This finding demonstrates the potential for satellite remote sensing for detection and monitoring of cyanobacterial blooms as a potential early warning for protection of human health from regional bloom-impacted waters.


Chaotic systems have many interesting features such as sensitivity on initial condition and system parameter, ergodicity and mixing properties. In this paper, we exploit these interesting properties of chaotic systems to design a random bit generator, called CCCBG, in which two chaotic systems are cross-coupled with each other. To evaluate the randomness of the bit streams generated by the CCCBG, the four basic tests: monobit test, serial test, auto-correlation, Poker test and the most stringent tests of randomness: the NIST suite tests have been performed. As a result no patterns have been observed in the bit streams generated by the proposed CCCBG. The proposed CCCBG can be used in many applications requiring random binary sequences and also in the design of secure cryptosystems.