When starting school, most students have a desire to learn and are motivated to participate actively in the learning process. Lack of interest is what undermines learning. Research on children's well-being in the European Union (EU), conducted at York University in 2006, indicated that Estonia stands out among 25 EU countries with the lowest level of students who enjoy school and have a feeling of well-being. However, the results of 2006 and 2009 PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) research indicate that Estonian students do have good subject knowledge and study skills.
The Estonian Human Development Report 2009 states that 70% of Estonian students consider their study load too heavy, 67% feel fatigue and 33% do not want to go to school at all. The report indicates that schools do not pay enough attention to personality development, analysis and discussion (Eesti Koostöö Kogu, 2010). Based on the results of the above-mentioned research, it can be said that Estonian students have good subject knowledge, but learning offers them neither pleasure nor interest (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD], 2007; Puksand, Lepmann & Henno, 2010).
The key question for this research was how learner-centered goal setting and reflection support the learners´ skills to set their own goals for the learning process and to analyze it. Learners are interested in the learning process in case they understand the goals, are actively involved, and take responsibility for their actions. Learners should experience success and get immediate feedback on their activities.
Ninety-six different evocation and reflection cards were tested by 24 Estonian teachers in the spring of 2011. The purpose of testing was to clarify how effective the usage of evocation and reflection cards is in supporting students in setting goals and analysing their activities. The quantitative research method (in the form of a questionnaire) was used in order to discover teachers` personal opinions, attitudes and approach to the cards and make conclusions about the relevance of the cards in supporting students` involvement in the evocation and reflection phase of learning.
The research results showed that giving and receiving feedback develop students´ self-image, motivate them to participate in the learning process and develop their study skills. The relevance of evocation and reflection cards depends greatly on a teacher's opinion and will to use them. If a teacher does not possess enough knowledge about how to involve students in goal setting and analysis of the lesson, the efficiency of these cards is not evident.
Key words: evocation, learning motivation, reflection.


And the case inside the body (15, 16), a recording medium (disk), disk drive motor head 57 to record or reproduce information with respect to 5 and the disk for rotating a magnetic recording apparatus, and further , and a head drive mechanism for driving the head. This case, the position facing the cartridge insertion slot 18 of the body 15 and 16, the cover 17 prevents the cartridge insertion port 18 is provided. Cover 17 is flat when in the forward open the cartridge insertion slot 18, the upper surface of this, is approximately equal to the surface of the frame plate that is attached to the driving mechanism of the disk drive motor 5 and the head 17.


Results of calculation of technical and economic indicators on criterion of cumulative expenses for justification of the machine and tractor park (MTP) are presented.


The transcription factors of the Pax protein family have been conserved throughout metazoan evolution and play essential roles in brain development and organogenesis. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function mutations in PAX genes cause inherited disease syndromes and tumor formation respectively.

Keywords:

Pax;
transcription factor;
paired domain;
gene duplications;
brain development;
organogenesis;
haploinsufficiency;
inherited disease;
tumorigenesis


This thesis explores how Norwegian newspaper commentators are using the social networking service Twitter. I have analyzed who they talk to, and the extent of this interaction. In interviews with five commentators in Norwegian newspapers, I dig into their intentions and experiences of participating in the debate on Twitter. Twitter has led to far more feedback for the commentators on what they write in their newspapers also positive feedback. Commentators also believe that Twitter has led to an increased pace in the public debate. The study shows that commentators achieve interaction with a wide range of people from different sectors in the society with different amount of power. Commentators are seldom in dialogue with people who express extremely radical messages these do not seem to find their place on Twitter. This thesis does also say that fragmentation and echo chambers are a challenge on Twitter. Commentators express a desire to contribute to constructive dialogues, but the limitation of 140 characters can be a challenge for deliberation. However, they do contribute by listening and discussing, complying with the power of the better argument, in line with the writings of Jurgen Habermas in his theory of bourgeois public sphere.


Key Points Question Is radioactive iodine absorbed dose associated with overall and site-specific cancer mortality in patients with hyperthyroidism? Finding In this cohort study of 18 805 patients with hyperthyroidism treated with radioactive iodine, a statistically significant positive dose-response relationship for risk of death was observed for all solid cancers (6% increase in risk per 100-mGy dose to the stomach), breast cancer (12% increase in risk per 100-mGy dose to the breast), and all solid cancers excluding breast (5% increase in risk per 100-mGy dose to the stomach). Meaning This study's findings suggest a modest positive association between greater organ-absorbed doses of radioactive iodine and risk of solid cancer death; additional studies are needed to fully weigh the risks and advantages of radioactive iodine and other treatment options for patients with hyperthyroidism.


Abstract Phase evolutions and orientations of Pb(Zr1-xTix)O3 films grown from metallo-organic precursors can be controlled by heat treatment schedules. Central to these reactions is the formation of an intermetallic Pt-Pb transient phase at the PZT/Pt(111) interface under a locally reducing atmosphere. Perovskite grown directly onto this phase from amorphous is oriented in the (111) direction. Perovskite grown from pyrochlore that forms after the decomposition of the Pt-Pb phase is oriented in the (100) direction.


This research aims to determine how much influence the price and product quality have on the buying interest of Emina's lipstick cosmetics among female students at the Islamic University of North Sumatra. The population of this study was 378 students of the Faculty of Economics, Department of Management at the Islamic University of North Sumatra. The sample in this study were 79 respondents. The sampling technique used was proportional random sampling. The data analysis technique used Multiple Linear Regression analysis, because the variables used were more than two variables. Statistical testing is done by using F-test (simultaneous) and t-test (partial). The results of the data research show that the price and product quality together have a positive and significant effect on buying interest for Emina lipstick cosmetics as evidenced by simultaneous significant testing obtained by Fcount ≥ Ftable (75.736 ≥ 3.13) with a significance level of0.000 0.05. Through the partial significance test it is stated that the price variable does not have a positive and significant effect on Purchase Interest, this can be seen from the tcount ≥ t table (1.523 ≥ 1.995) with a significance level (0.132 ≤ 0.05) and the Product Quality variable has a positive and significant effect on Purchase interest, this can be seen from tcount ≥ ttable (11.918 ≥ 1.995) with a significance level (0.000 ≤ 0.05).


Patients who have recurrent glioblastoma have limited treatment options. We conducted a retrospective review of patients with recurrent glioblastoma treated with standard initial radiation and temozolomide with tumor treating fields to investigate whether reirradiation using radiosurgery would be associated with improved outcomes.

 We reviewed the records of 54 consecutively treated patients with recurrent glioblastoma with ECOG 0 or 1 at recurrence and conducted Kaplan-Meier analysis with Log-rank testing to determine significance between groups.

 We identified 24 patients who were treated without radiation therapy (control) while 30 patients underwent re-irradiation using radiosurgery (ReSRS) with a median total dose of 25Gy in five fractions. All patients had completed standard initial therapy, and there was no difference in the time to recurrence between the two groups (10 months for control, 15 months for ReSRS, [P = 0.17, HR for progression 0.65 (95% CI 0.38-1.13)]. A larger proportion of patients in the control arm (54%) had subtotal or gross total resection of the recurrence compared with the ReSRS group (44%, P < 0.05). The majority of patients had recurrence confirmed with biopsy (18/22 in control group, 25/31 in the ReSRS group). MGMT methylation status did not differ between control vs ReSRS (29% vs. 27%). ReSRS was associated with improved median survival from the time of first recurrence of 11.6 months versus 3.8 months in the control arm [P< 0.0001, HR for death 0.33 (95% CI 0.18-0.6)].

 In a group of patients with high performance status diagnosed with recurrent glioblastoma, reirradiation with stereotactic radiosurgery was associated with nearly one year median survival after recurrence. Additional analyses are warranted to determine the impact of concurrent systemic therapies with irradiation and underlying tumor or patient factors to predict outcomes.


A decision-directed phase-locked loop (PLL) is proposed for use in coherent optical pulse CDMA systems via coherent correlation demodulation. The effect of multiuser interference, laser phase noise and shot noise on the PLL performance is evaluated based on a nonlinear model (the Fokker-Planck method) since a linear analysis yields large deviations between the analytical results and actual performances for the case of low SNR. After describing the implementation of the PLL, the steady-state probability density function (PDF) of the phase estimator is derived. Numerical evaluations of the variance of the phase estimator are given for Gold code sequences. The laser linewidth requirements for a required variance and the value of the optimal loop bandwidth minimizing the impact of an noise on the PLL are discussed.


Accurate conversion of neutron time-of-flight (TOF) to wavelength is of fundamental importance to neutron scattering measurements in order to ensure the accuracy of the instruments and the experimental results. Equally important in these measurements is the determination of uncertainties, and with the appropriate precision. Especially in cases where instruments are highly configurable, the determination of the absolute wavelength after any change must always be performed (e.g. change of detector position). Inspired by the manner with which neutron spectrometers determine the absolute wavelength, we evaluate for the first time, in the author's knowledge, a commonly used method for converting TOF to neutron wavelength by measuring the neutron flight path length from the source of neutrons to a monitor and we proceed to analytically calculate the uncertainty contributions that limit the precision of the conversion. The method was evaluated at the V20 test beamline at the Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin (HZB), emulating the ESS source with a long pulse of 2.86 ms length and 14 Hz repetition rate, by using a mini-chopper operated at 140 Hz and two portable beam monitors (BMs), as well as accompanied data acquisition infrastructure. The mini-chopper created well-defined neutron pulses and the BM was placed at two positions, enabling the average wavelength of each of the pulses created to be determined. The used experimental setup resulted in absolute wavelength determination at the monitor positions with a δλ mean / λ mean of ∼1.8% for λ > 4 Å. With the use of a thinner monitor, a δλ mean / λ mean of ∼1% can be reached and with a modest increase of the distance between the reference monitor positions a δλ mean / λ mean of below 0.5% can be achieved. Further improvements are possible by using smaller chopper disc openings and a higher rotational speed chopper. The method requires only two neutron measurements and doesn't necessitate the use of crystals or complex fitting with sigmoid functions and multiple free variables, and could constitute a suitable addition to imaging, diffraction, reflectometers and small angle neutron scattering instruments, at spallation sources, that do not normally utilise fast choppers.


The information technology promotes the reform of practical teaching in universities. China has gradually become a country of great power of education, and the trend of internationalization of education is strengthened. It is an inevitable trend to achieve international certification of higher education or higher vocational education. For meeting the requirements of training of new information technologies, this paper has designed and developed an online practice learning platform, which has realized the "student centered" teaching activities and transformed the teaching process from "result verification" to "process understanding". The practice results show that the platform can achieve personalized learning of students and improve learning efficiency.


Resistance control of wire transmission and force control of tension are the key technologies of the wire feed system and have a critical impact on the bonding quality.To solve the problems of large transmission resistance and unstable transmission tensile force of wire feed system in automatic wire bonder,low-friction wire feed system composed of air guide and vacuum tension device based on the wire bonding process and technological requirements of the system was designed to reduce the resistance of wire transmission.The stress models of gold wire in the air guide and vacuum tension device were established and the relationship between the control parameters and force on the wire of the two parts were found.Experiments were carried out to verify the stress models of gold wire in the air guide and air tensioner,the results of which show that the models meet the low friction requirement.


Light projection systems and methods may comprise combining light from two or more projectors. Each projector may be controlled so that the combined light output of the projectors matches a target for the projected light. In some embodiments optimization is performed to generate image data and control signals for each of the projectors. Embodiments may be applied in image projecting applications, lighting applications, and 3D stereoscopic imaging.


Montpellier maple (Acer monspessulanum subsp. turcomanicum Rech. f.) is a valuable species in the mountain forests of Hezar Masjed in Northern Khorasan and Khorasan Razavi province that is expanded in the northeastern highlands of mountains of thousands of Hezar Masjed and Kope Dagh. This species because of the drought resistance is suitable for reforestation in semi-arid climate. Its seed is collected from highlands of the southern slopes of the Kopet Dagh and pretreatment test of dormancy breaking which includes moist chilling (in four levels 0,3, 4 and 5 months) and scarification (Sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid) and applying gibberellic acid hormone is done (at two levels of 250 and 500 ppm concentration). Indicators including seed viability, germination rate, mean of germination time, duration and completion of the germination and establishment percentage of seedlings were recorded and analyzed after six months in the greenhouse environment.This research is applied in a completely randomized design with four replications and data were analyzed by using LSD test method and SAS software. The results showed that seed germination percentage has significant difference among treatments at level (P <0.001). The highest percentage of germination referred to the 500 ppm and 250 ppm gibberellic acid treatments with five months moist chilling which were 38 and 34 %, respectively. The evaluation of the survival percentage of seedlings after 6 months in the greenhouse environment showed that the highest survival rate relates to five and four months moist chilling treatment which are 56 and 53 %.


Children in India, because of their sheer numbers, have been a prime focus of development planning and research, and state welfare. Although not conspicuously high on the governance agenda, the protection and promotion of the rights of the child in India has emerged as a major preoccupation of social and human rights movements. The Constitution of India states that children must be protected against all abuse and exploitation. The National Policy for Children in 1974 declared that the nation's children are a supremely important asset and that their nurture and solicitude are the responsibility of the State. Despite this, the majority of children in India continue to live without a childhood. The juvenile justice system as conceived by legislation, aims at providing care, protection, treatment, development and rehabilitation of delinquent and neglected juveniles. But the care and services provided to them have been criticized as being insufficient and sub standard.


Himself a poet, poetry publisher, critic and editor, the author shows that British poetry underwent a renaissance from around 1964 only to again become a narrow art for the literary educated and the initiated.


Abstract This study aims to analyze the knowledge of adoles -cents and their companions regarding their rights concerning giving birth. It is a qualitative and exploratory investigation concerning an outline of research entitled: "Humanized Attention to Ado-lescents´ birth". The study took place in a Teaching Hospital in Southern Brazil, and the subjects were adolescents who gave birth in the Unified Health System in that hospital and their family members. Knowing at least one right of the parturient in the Obstetric Center was the inclusion criterion of study. Data were extracted from interviews with 10 adolescents and 36 members of their families, from July 2008 to April 2009. Data analysis was performed according to the rights described by the Humanization Program of Prenatal Care and Birth guidelines. The right to a companion at the moment of giving birth was the most frequently mentioned. It is clear that there is lack of consideration, on the part of health workers, of indications and choice of procedures applied. Furthermore, lack of awareness of obstetric services users' rights, as well as the lack of information and conditions to meet the standards established by the Ministry of Health on the part of the institutions, prove to be the reality. This finding calls for reflection on the quality and situation of public health services in terms of assistance to the users concerning their rights, particularly pregnant adolescents in perinatal care. Keywords: Women's Health; Women's Rights; Par-turition; Adolescent; Nursing.


Based on the design of participation step and participation way of bamboo technological innovation for bamboo farmers,this article structured the basic framework map of participation step of bamboo technological innovation for bamboo farmers,and explained the differences between the bamboo farmers participation technological innovation and the laboratory technological innovation,and elaborated technological participation methods of each participation sides.


In this paper, we present a decision-aid method with interacting criteria. The fuzzy measures used to aggregate the criteria depend on the considered alternatives. Pairwise comparisons on the importance of criteria and some levels of veto (or favor) degrees, specified by the decision maker, are taken into consideration. For each alternative, we search for the fuzzy measure that makes it the best. The orness degrees of the resulting fuzzy measures are compared and the alternative associated with the minimum orness degree is selected.


In order to achieve optimal allocation of water resources in Liaoning province so as to promote sustainable development of economy and sociaty,the grey system prediction model and the quota prediction method were used to predict the long-term water demand of Liaoning province.Predicted results showed that the quota prediction method was more suitable for short-term water demand predicting,and the grey system prediction model can well reflect the tendency of long-term water demand.On the basis,using two methods respectively to predict 2020,2030 water demand can provide reference for optimal allocation of water resources in Liaoning province and provide support for the government to formulate relevant policies.


wetting, and stretching. He has applied the methods of textile research to the study of the processes employed by the hairdresser in waving and curling the human hair. This chapter is well worth studying, and we may mention that he conclusively proves that " permanent waving" is inseparable from damage to the hair, although he admits that in careful hands this is very slight, and is to be regarded as trifling when weighed against the improved appearance of the hair. There are, however, without doubt, women whose hair is too fine or tender to allow permanent waving even at the most skilful hands. Recently a new physical property in hair has been discovered. It has, of course, long been known that hair can be stretched, but lately it has been found that it can be made to contract to much shorter than its normal unstretched length. The easiest way to demonstrate this is to expose the hair to x rays for some hours, and then to steam it. It loses at least one-third of its original length. Although Dr. Savill has devoted an unusual amount of space (but not more than it deserves) to the cosmetic side of the subject, she has by no means neglected the various pathological conditions of the hair and scalp, which must, of course, be dealt with by a medical writer. For practical reasons she has adopted a symptomatic classification of her material. The chief symptom complained of by the patient is investigated, and is followed by a list of its possible causes. This undoubtedly facilitates reference by the busy practitioner. This portion of the book is full and sound. The author evidently is in sympathy with Sabouraud on most subjects. She is more optimistic than many dermatologists in the treatment of the common form of baldness which attacks so many males from adolescence onwards. In a treatise on the hair and scalp the illustrations are not so important as in most dermatological works, but there are plenty of them and they are well chosen. Many are interesting photomicrographs. We have nothing but -praise for this book, which, if a very hackneyed expression may be pardoned, supplies a long-felt want, and will, we are sure, meet with a warm welcome from practitioners, specialists, and hairdressers.


Second chance offers are used on eBay to sell additional units to losing bidders at their losing bids. If the seller marginal cost is constant, then eBay's second chance offer policy implements the optimal auction. This would not be true if sellers had more flexibility in pricing second chance offers. If the seller has increasing marginal costs, then the second chance offer feature of eBay auctions is not optimal and may reduce seller revenue. Our analysis suggests that some sellers would like to publicly opt out of eBay's second chance offer feature, an option eBay does not currently allow.


The detailed structure of filaments formed from myosin II is poorly understood. In so far as it is known, vertebrate thick filaments follow a single structural model; invertebrate thick filaments show high variability between species and between muscles of the same species. To date, high resolution structures have been reported only for myosin filaments isolated from invertebrates and no structures have been reported for myosin filaments in which one or more thick filament proteins have been mutated. A structure of thick filaments from vertebrates would be the most useful for understanding the effects of mutations on muscle function in humans. Despite numerous cryo-EM advances, structures of vertebrate thick filaments are limited to low resolution from negatively stained specimens. The main problem seems to arise from difficulties in preserving the apparently more fragile vertebrate thick filaments using techniques that work well for invertebrates. Here, we report progress in the cryo-EM sample preparation of thick filaments which preserves the structure of both backbone and myosin heads. , Discussion: The aim of this experiment was to find a simple and solid method for purifying native thick filaments from a vertebrate model striated muscle in near-physiological ionic conditions for structural studies. The main problem in vertebrate' thick filament sample preparation seems to arise from difficulties in preserving the apparently more fragile and unstable vertebrate thick filaments using techniques that work well for invertebrates. Therefore, here we propose a consistent method which not only is simple and solid but also it prevents thick filaments from either depolymerization of fragmentation. On the other hand, we realized that even increasing the temperature of the Vitrobot chamber to 27°C during the plunge freezing will not prevent the nature of the disordered state populated by lowering temperature at rest (2). After several unsuccessful attempts for preserving myosin heads in frozen samples we tried to fix the sample using 0.5% glutaraldehyde. The primary results showing heads lying on the surface of the filament. However, since the axial repeat does not seem be clearly seen in the power spectrum, we assume that heads are not perfectly ordered. We are still attempting to improve the Cryo-EM sample preparation condition for a more reliable data collection.


RT @Jonathan_K_Cook: Inevitably, the lack of pushback against the banning of Alex Jones from most of the internet has only emboldened socia…


A method is described for continous mass range specific gas chromatographic detection using the β-slit of a reverse geometry double focusing mass spectrometer. The method has several advantages over total ion current detection, including elimination of the solvent peak from the detector trace and reduction of back ground noise due to column bleeding. The technique has been applied here to detect prostaglandins in biological samples.


Background

The conventional approach is many a time associated with complications such as vascular puncture, inadequate analgesia etc. The lateral approach is hypothesized to be equipotent and much safer than the conventional approach. We aim to evaluate this hypothesis.

Method

After Institutional ethics committee clearance, the patients, after consenting, through computer generated block randomization, were allocated to either of the two groups-Group L or C. After the block, the duration for onset of sensory and motor blockade, the total duration of sensory& motor blockade and any complications were noted.

A total of 60 patients were analyzed, 30 patients for the lateral approach and 30 patients for conventional approach. ASA 1 and 2 patients who were undergoing the surgeries of the upper limb were included in the study.

Results

The incidence of complications was much higher in conventional approach as compared to the lateral approach with a p value 0f 0.041. In conventional approach, in 2 (6.7%) of the patients the block failed to act completely, inadequate block was seen in 7 (23.3%) of the patients of which vascular puncture was seen in 4 (13.3%) patients. In lateral approach, inadequate blockade was seen in 1 (3.3%) patient but there was no vascular puncture.

Conclusion

Lateral approach is a much safer and reliable technique of supraclavicular brachial block.


Ceramics with its comparative advantages and development potential is an indigenous industry in Jingdezhen which can play a part in the construction of the Poyang Lake eco-economic zone.It is also one of the seven pillar industries that the city is substantially committed to.This paper discusses the strategies for developing Jingdezhen ceramic industry on the basis of an account of its current status and market at home and abroad and a systematic analysis of its industrial foundation and environment.


Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy and safety of pedicle screws in the treatment of thoracic spine disease. Methods: Thirty-eight patients who had undergone thoracic pedicle screw fixation between January 2003 and December 2007 were retrospectively studied. Postoperative computed tomography scans were obtained using 3-mm axial cuts to evaluate the pedicle screw placement. The screws were further evaluated by the location and degree of the perforation. Results: Of the 214 thoracic pedicle screws placed, 174 (81.3%) were fully contained within the pedicle or anterior cortices of the vertebral body. Of the remaining 40 (18.7%) screws, 25 (62.5%) were lateral perforations, 12 (30.0%) were medial perforations, and 3( 7.5%) were anterior perforations of the vertebral body. The screws inserted at T1-T4 (28.5%) and T5-T8 (34.8%) revealed a higher perforation rate than the screws inserted at T9-12 (11.4%). No neurologic or vascular complications were encountered, but one screw 6 mm above a medial perforation required reinsertion. Conclusion: Although clinical outcomes were not affected by mild displacement of thoracic pedicle screws, accurate measurements and considerable experience were required in the placement of screws, especially screws placed in the upper and midthoracic spine.


The resorption of deciduous teeth together with the eruption of permanent teeth has been well described, on the whole, by various investigators. However, certain conditions, some holding a pathological significance, have not received much attention but deserve presentation and description. During the resorption of a deciduous tooth, a proliferation of the epithelial attachment seems to occur down the root (figs. 1, 2, 3). In the observed instances of this change, the deciduous teeth have undergone considerable resorption (fig. 1). The epithelial growth is not always equal on the opposite surfaces of the tooth, sometimes being mQre advanced on one side than on the other. The epithelium may not always be attached to the tooth surface. It may be quite thickened and papillated. Because the gingiva, measured from the deepest point of the epithelial attachment to the crest, does not change appreciably in length (height) from the time resorption begins until the tooth is shed, while the clinical crown appears to be lengthened, this condition seems to represent a continuous eruption of the deciduous tooth, and not merely a downgrowth of epithelium. Gottlieb2 considers such a downgrowth of epithelium indicative of an eruptive movement of the tooth. Whether this be true or not, the fact that at this period the underlying and surrounding tissues are in a developmental stage, and continually growing, makes it hardly possible to interpret this change in positional relationship between the tooth and the gingiva as a recession of the gingiva. If such an eruptive movement is present, then the deciduous tooth would appear to be lost by two processes: resorption and eruption. Of course this might be accounted for on the basis that the deciduous tooth, when it


Recently, we are devastated to know that Prof. Steven Skaper passed away (22nd June, 2018). He was a great loss to our association. He will always be remembered by those who knew him and of his work. He was the first and foremost a polite, elderly affectionate great friend. We still clearly remember the invitation of Prof. Hari Sharma to the Amity University in New Delhi after the annual meeting of the International Association for Neurorestoratology (IANR) in Mumbai, India in 2014. The visits to New Delhi and Agra were very harmonious and successful (Fig. 1). We recall his daily life as friendly and humble to everyone including the car drivers, friends, local students, schoolteachers, and colleagues. This is still fresh in our memory. He was a very devoted and rigorous neuroscientist. In 2003, he published Poly (ADP‐Ribose) polymerase‐1 in acute neuronal death and inflammation as a strategy for neuroprotection [1]. Then, he showed that glycogen synthase kinase‐3 inhibitors protect central neurons against excitotoxicity [2]. In 2004, he found a dimeric version of the short N‐cadherin binding motif HAVDI that promotes neuronal cell survival by activating an N‐cadherin/fibroblast growth factor receptor‐signaling cascade [3]. In 2005, he and his coworkers identified neuroprotective properties of anti‐MAG antibody as a novel approach for the treatment of stroke in which he focused on the neuronal growth‐promoting and inhibitory cues in neuroprotection and neurorege‐ neration [4, 5]. In 2006, he reported that amyloid beta‐peptide 1‐42 alters tight junctional protein distri‐ bution and expression in brain microvessel endothelial cells as well as P2X(7) receptors on microglial cells that mediate injury to cortical neurons in vitro [6, 7]. In 2007, he was the first to make a point that the brain was a target for inflammatory processes and neuro‐ protective strategies [8]. In 2008, his study suggested that signaling pathways with small molecule mimetics and modulators achieved neuroprotection and neuro‐ regeneration [9]. In 2009, he found that oligodendrocytes were a novel source of amyloid peptide generation [10]. In 2010, he suggested the importance of P2X7 purinergic receptor from physiology to neurological disorders and nanoparticles delivery of drugs [11]. He was one of the pioneers of Neurorestoratology. He devoted his life to the rigor of neuroprotection and achieved fruitful results. In 2011, he found that ion channels on microglia were therapeutic targets for neuroprotection [12]. At the same time, he published a commentary on neurotrophic protein therapy in Parkinson disease [13]. In 2012, he published the papers on amyloid β‐peptide neurotoxicity assay using cultured rat cortical neurons [14] and rat retina pigmented epithelial cells [15] as well as rat cone photoreceptor cells [16], purified glial cell populations from optic nerve [17], rodent retinal ganglion cell [18], and rat mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons [19]. He focused on the conference workshops on


Objective To guarantee the quality of standardized residents training,the systematic management measures including qualification,routine management,evaluation,assessment,rewards and punishment were used for faculty doctors.Methods Series of administrative policies such as qualification provisions and daily management methods have been established and executed strictly.Residents gave trainers comments and scored them monthly.The evaluation results decided the allowance,appraisal and promotion of the faculty doctors.Results Through there new measure,the teaching enthusiasm of faculty was fully motivated,the teaching quality improved,satisfaction degree of residents increased.Conclusion Faculty doctors are the key factor in the course of standardized residents training.Strengthening the systematic management of faculty doctors could improve the training quality greatly.

Key words:
Standardized resident training;  Faculty doctor;  Systematic management


Cooperative driving applications like platooning and cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance (ICA) conceived to tackle problems associated with modern traffic, like congested roads, traffic accidents, and inconvenience for the driver. Platooning in particular has been researched in detail, since it's introduction can already provide benefits at low market penetration rates. However, guaranteeing safety in platooning and other cooperative driving applications is still a challenge, due to the susceptibility of the communication methods to large vehicle densities and deliberate attacks on the network. During my PhD project I want to research how heterogeneous communication can be leveraged to tackle these problems. I will investigate how multiple communication protocols can be combined, such that cooperative driving applications can work more reliably and efficiently. In the end I aim to have explored different strategies using heterogeneous communication, and how these can be employed to develop protocols that enable reliable and safe cooperative driving.


Since the publication of the four-part article on multivariate methods [1, 2, 3 and 4], this author has received many requests to prepare a paper at the same level on regression. This paper will briefly review the estimating and testing procedures commo..


The duration of gestation is one of the important characteristics of pigs, which affects on the live mass young animal under birth, the him postembryonic development and him future productivity, in particular on the early maturity and the spending of feeds. The aim of the researches was to study the influenceof the duration of gestation of sows on the growth, development and preservation of suckling piglets. The researches were contacted on the basis of the economy of LLC «Russia» of the Mozhginsky district of the Udmurt Republic. For conduct researches the method of the analogs was formed 2 groups of the sucking sows of large white breed. In the first group of sows the average duration of gestation was 110.08 days, and in the second group of sows – 115,16 days. The age of the sows was 36 months, and the number of farrow was 4. The number of the sows in the groups was 12 and 30 heads; respectively. In the results conducted researches was established that young animals obtained from the sows with duration of gestation – 115,16 days authentically exceeded peers born from sows with duration of gestation – 110,08 days on the live mass under birth – by 6,40%, live mass under weaning in the 30 days – by 5,91%, average daily gain – by 5,85% and the preservation of piglets – by 18,84%.


This study discusses the holding of an "event" which is an opportunity to overcome the situation of unsustainability tourism in Pantai Kelapa Patimban, Subang. Furthermore, this study explains the importance of coordination with various interested parties in organizing "events". Descriptive studies are used to examine more in depth the situation of the Patimban Coconut Coast which is in a crisis situation after the mega International Port development project began in 2015. The results of the study in the discussion section led to a number of interesting findings, including the fact that the "event" must consider many things and is not as simple as determining the "event" in what field, who is the event host, and who is the target participant / visitor. There are many factors that must be considered to support the smooth implementation of "events" starting from the stage of pre-preparation (event designing), preparation (event preparation), the implementation (event execution), and evaluation (event evaluation). These factors can be learned from other disciplines.The author hopes that through this writing, the author can provide ideas or ideas to bring back the Coconut Patimban Beach to sustainability tourism in the future.
Keywords: Tourism, sustainability tourism, unsustainable tourism, event, event tourism


The tapered channel effect is a major concern in three-dimensional (3-D) NAND technology because the effect causes differences in the electrical characteristics, including the threshold voltage (VT), between the upper and the lower cells. We simulated the tapered channel effect by using Sentaurus technology, computer-aided design (TCAD) tools, and based on the results, we propose a novel method to lessen the non-uniformity of the threshold voltage shift (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\Delta }\text{V}_{\mathrm{ T}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) between the cells. The difference in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\Delta }\text{V}_{\mathrm{ T}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> between the upper and the lower cells due to the tapered channel can be reduced by employing a tapered blocking oxide layer with a proper taper angle. These results will be helpful in designing reliable 3-D NAND flash memories.


The paper investigates the application of new neural networks with internal dynamics to Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI). The suggested dynamic functional-link structures are used to design efficiently different neural observes schemes by means of system identification. Structured sets of residuals are thus generated based on the one-step ahead prediction errors. A first case study refers to the component FDI of a three-tank laboratory system. A second investigation concerns the sensor FDI of an evaporator sub-process from a sugar factory. In both experimental applications, static neural networks are used to classify the generated symptoms.


Changes in the pattern of protein synthesis and in the translatable mRNA population have been examined during auxin-induced root development from excised mung bean seedlings. Several proteins, predominantly of low molecular weight and high pI, as shown by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, are synthesized specifically by auxintreated tissue. These auxin-induced proteins appear between 6 and 12 hours of auxin treatment, reach a maximum at 24 hours, and decline at 48 hours. Untreated seedlings (placed in Hoagland solution), known to produce small number ofroots at the cut end probably due to endogeneous auxin accumulated at the cut end through basipetal transport, show low level synthesis of auxin-specific proteins. Antiauxin treatment that completely inhibits auxin-induced rooting also prevents the appearnce of auxin-induced proteins. The induction of a group of three to four proteins appears to be specific to antiauxin treatment. In vitro translation of mRNA from auxin-treated tissue, but not of mRNA from antianxintreated tissue, yields several polypeptides of low molecular weight and high pI. Since the auxin-induced proteins precede root development and are synthesized transitorily, it is likely that they play some regulatory role during the initiation of root development. The result show that auxininduced root formation involves altered gene expression. Differential gene expression during organismal development, first proposed by Haldane (12) more than 50 years ago, is now well accepted. In principle it should also hold true in cases where, under special circumstances, an already mature organ gives rise to another type of organ. For example, in higher plants auxininduced rooting of excised seedlings and stem cuttings is a well documented phenomenon (1). Such adventitious organogenesis is, therefore, likely to involve an alteration of gene expression. However, there is little experimental evidence presently available for such altered gene expression. We have initiated a comprehensive study of the biochemistry and molecular biology of auxininduced root development from excised mung bean seedlings. This experimental material has been selected because of its relatively simple genome (14, 15) and the availability ofa wealth of information on the effects of hormones and chemicals on its rooting response (1, 8). The results ofour experiments, reported here, provide evidence that specific alterations in gene expression occur during auxinSupported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada grants A2724 and E1490 to R.S.D. ' Supported by a scholarship from the Canadian International Development Agency. induced root development as shown by changes in the pattern of protein synthesis and in the population of translatable mRNAs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant Material. Seedlings of mung bean (Vigna radiata cv Berken) were grown in vermiculite soaked in Hoagland solution for 8 d under a 16 h photoperiod and day/night temperature of 25°/20°C. Seedlings were excised 2.5 cm below the cotyledonary node and were used as experimental material. Treatments. Five excised seedlings were placed in 10 ml of half-strength Hoagland solution or treatment solution contained in plastic vial such that only the hypocotyl portion ofthe seedling (lower 2.5 cm) was in direct contact with the solution. Treatment solution either contained the auxin, IBA,3 or the antiauxin, PCIB (5, 6) in half-strength Hoagland solution. It was found that the seedlings in Hoagland solution produce a very small number of roots right at the cut end ofthe seedling as reported by Friedman et al. (8) probably stimulated by a small amount of endogenous auxin synthesized by leaves and accumulated at the cut end through basipetal transport (9). Thus seedlings treated with Hoagland solution show a low level auxin response and do not, therefore, constitute a good control. The use of 500 ,M PCIB completely abolished this residual rooting without any apparent adverse effect on the seedling. For this reason, the antiauxintreated seedlings serve as a better control. The auxin, IBA, was used at several concentrations and maximum rooting occurred at 50 ,uM. This latter concentration was used in all experiments reported here. Treatment of seedlings was carried out for 24 h except where stated otherwise. At the end of the treatment period seedlings were removed, rinsed with and placed in half-strength Hoagland solution which was replaced every 24 h. Roots became visible 72 h after the treatment and were extensively distributed on the lowermost 1.5 cm part of the hypocotyl region of the auxintreated seedling. Analysis of proteins was carried out at the time of excision of the seedling (D 0), 24 h (d 1), or 48 h (d 2) after the excision. In the case of auxin-treated seedlings, proteins were analyzed at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 48 h in order to determine the time-course of the level of auxin-induced protein synthesis. In Vivo Labeling of Proteins. The lowermost 1 cm part of the seedling was used to study protein changes. It was previously determined that this part had a 2 to 3 times greater rate ofprotein and RNA synthesis as compared to the next upper 1 cm part. Furthermore, this is the part which produces roots most profusely. Six sections from d 0 control or variously treated seedlings 3Abbreviations: IBA, indolebutyric acid; PCIB, p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid; PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride; PVPP, polyvinylpolypyrrolidone; 1-D, 2-D, oneand two-dimensional. 1148 www.plantphysiol.org on May 1, 2019 Published by Downloaded from Copyright © 1987 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. GENE EXPRESSION AND ROOTING OF EXCISED SEEDLING


The study of machine-tool dynamic is realised here as "monitoring", meaning checking and improving the functioning of the machine. The state of processing is followed with certain sensors which signs are processed inside the computer, then it takes the decision of monitoring, meaning the identification of a class from the set of classes (process conditions). For monitoring in turning, it is shown the classes (tool conditions). The vibrograms that represent: - the components variations of the cutting force; - the relative displacement between tool and piece, on the repelling direction; - the power furnished by the electric engine, are realised with the functions RANDN and RAND (from MATLAB). Based on them it is calculating 11 monitoring indices. The class resulted at the experiment (simulate) i, which corresponds to the monitoring indices, we establish with the function REM. The ANN with 11 inputs (the number of monitoring indices) and 8 outputs (the number of classes) is realised with 3 layers. The network is made with the function newff, trained with the function train and simulated with the function sim.


To support managers' and investors' decisions, corporate valuation models should be able to render firms' strategic choices with sufficient accuracy. In particular, they should reflect information on firms' long-term investments in its portfolio of businesses: Firms (re-)balance their activities by diverting cash flows from some business units to fund investments in other units. We develop a value driver model of terminal value for a firm with two business units, which differ in their return on invested capital and net investment rates. We consider cross-unit investments and show their implications for firm value and for the long-term development of the key accounting variables. Moreover, we study under which conditions business unit strategy can be reconciled with popular firm strategies such as constant payout and constant growth strategies. We use a simulation analysis to illustrate the practical relevance of our results. We further highlight under which conditions an accurate depiction of business unit strategy is particularly useful to reduce valuation errors.


Photochromic molecules can be switched by different absorbance spectra. Typically only one form absorbs light in the visible wavelength range and is therefore called the colored form, the other form is called transparent, and both forms absorb light in the UV wavelength range. Switching from the transparent to the colored form occurs by illumination with UV light, the back switching from colored to transparent by illumination with white light.


The seasonal variation trend of soil microbial quantity around roots of transgenic and common P.tomentosa was studied by soil gradient dilution method to provide the scientific basis for ecological safety of transgenic plants.The bacterial quantity of rhizosphere,root surface and root bark of transgenic and common P.tomentosa has slight change in spring,increases to varying degrees in summer and decreases in august,and there is little bacterial quantity in endophytic root.The bacterial quantity of root surface and root bark shows a decline trend from spring to august.The fungal quantity around roots of transgenic P.tomentosa has slight change in spring,increases to varying degrees in summer and decreases in august but the fungal quantity around roots of common P.tomentosa shows a gradual decline trend.


The present invention relates to a non-medicated feed additive growth promoter animals, supplemented food container, and a method for improving the growth of animals. The food additive according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises Bacillus cereus strain IP 5832 and / or the vegetative spores of this microorganism.


As expected from any member of the `Practical Approach' stable, this excellent volume provides a superb collection of methods associated with lots of advice on how to optimize the techniques and how to avoid common pitfalls in all aspects of research associated with the expression of proteins . The book provides comprehensive coverage of in vivo systems in five chapters, including expression in mammalian cells, Xenopus oocytes, Sacchromyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris, the baculovirus expression system and last, but never least, Escherichia coli. Two additiona l chapters cover cell-free transcription ± translation systems, one from E. coli and another for eukaryotic systems; the use of Xenopus cell-free extracts is included with the in vivo expression chapter. Finally, there is a chapter devoted to monitoring protein expression, i.e. immunodetection strategies and reporter systems (CAT, GUS, GFP). The chapters dealing with expression of proteins all assume a basic level of knowledge in how to grow cells using basic microbiological or tissue culture techniques . Beyond this, detailed protocols are given for the transfection and transformation of cells, construction and titring of viruses, expression experiments on both a large and a small scale, and the preparation of RNA, DNA and protein samples for analysis by gel electrophoresis . Thus, the protocols cover all the expression methods and how to answer the question `have I expressed my protein? ' The next step of determining whether any of this protein is functional is not covered. In between all the protocols , the accompanying text discusses the relative merits of techniques and offers helpful tips to ensure the methods work well. There is sufficient introductory material to provide a guide for researchers new to an expression system and a few key references for further exploration. This book provides an excellent foundation of techniques for graduates and postdoctora l workers embarking on protein expression, and many ideas and tips for those more experienced in the field. It provides a perfect accompaniment to Gene Expression Systems edited by Fernandez and Hoeffler, also reviewed recently in this Journal (Tate 1999), which dwells more on the theoretica l aspects of expression systems rather than the nitty-gritty practical side covered here. Specialis t aspects of membrane protein expression are not covered in either book. For example, would a cleavable Nterminal leader sequence improve the expression of a 7-helix G protein-coupled receptor which has an extracellular Nterminus, and which one should be used in the baculovirus expression system as opposed to E. coli or yeast? Howdoes the lipid composition of E. coli or yeast affect the functional expression of mammalian membrane proteins in these cells? I certainly would not recommend the chapter on E. coli expression if I wanted to overexpress a mammalian membrane protein in a functional form; this chapter emphasizes the use of strong promoters , but weaker promoters have proven much more effective for GPCR expression in E. coli (Grisshammer 1999). Further information on these aspects can be found in the Abstracts of a recent meeting on membrane proteins (Biochemical Society 1999), which provide a broad spectrum of experiences with all the expression systems discussed here, and specifically address the problems of membrane protein overexpression and purification.


While the technological advances associated with Advanced Traffic Management Systems have been substantial during the past 20 years, little has been done to improve the institutional process associated with their procurement and installation. The absence of significant progress is likely to reflect the difficulty of changing the regulations and procedures utilized by public agencies to define these processes. As a result of its recent experience with the installation of a traffic signal system in Northern Virginia, the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) is considering techniques to improve the acquisition and installation process. Candidate techniques include the use of development and testing standards such as ISO9000 and the Capability Maturity Model, requiring increased visibility for system integrators on ATMS projects, and the use of expanded testing and approval steps during the system development. These techniques offer the potential benefit of reduced system life cycle cost, due to the fact that they provide a more rigorous development and testing process. In addition, all of the techniques being considered can be implemented within the framework of VDOT's existing acquisition and management policies. However, it is important to recognize that they are also likely to increase the initial cost of system acquisition because of the additional requirements being placed on the ATMS supplier. It is important to recognize that this increase in cost comes at a time when ATMS system costs are generally rising because of the complexity of this technology.


This Research is studying the supervisory of regional law product between Government and Local Government in Republic of Indonesia. The focus of the study is the consistency and concordance of Local Government Law, Tax Law and Regional Retribution with the 1945 Constitution of Republic of Indonesia under the scope of regional law product supervisory in addition to the concordance of the implementation of the regional law product cancellation during 2002-2006. The research method is law research with statute and historical approaches. Meanwhile, the analysis method is qualitative descriptive analysis. This research resulted in some findings that: first, The Central Government in the context of Republic of Indonesia, based on the 1945 Constitution has the obligation to control the local government units of Provinces, Municipality Regions, and Cities. The central government controls the law norms stated by Local Government through the law products only with the purpose for the objective national's interest. Second, the central government (executives) should have not been given the authority to asses and cancel the Regional Law as regulated in Law No 32 / 2004, based on the fact that it is against the higher level laws and regulations (peraturan perundang-undangan), as such authority is owned by Supreme Court. Third, of all the 554 regional law products cancelled by Internal Affair, none of the cancellations can be done at the targeted time as already regulated by Law No 22 / 1999 jo Law No.34 / 2000 ( one month after the local regulation is accepted) and Law No. 32 / 2004 (sixty days after the local regulation is accepted). Key word: Inspection, regional law product, unitary country


The article presents the experience of organizing the mental and intellectual
education of students of higher education on the example of the activities of
H. S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University. The work is conducted
in accordance with the normative documents of the University and includes
the development of patriotism and national consciousness; curatorial work;
organization of positive leisure time for applicants; improvement of activities of
student self-government bodies


This work explains the whole process of a basic corporate identity design of a recycling brand, and the graphic design of the website. The process includes all the steps like
investigation, conceptualization, creation and use to create the company's web design to
settle it's presence in the digital media. All of this shows the great importance of the design process, from the start to the very end.


OBJECTIVE To study the variation of clinical and pathologic features as well as classifications of the neuroendocrine neoplasms of gastrointestinal tracts.METHODS The clinical and pathological data of 32 patients were analyzed retrospectively.All of them were stained immunochemically with CgA,NSE,CK,EMA and Syn,and observed under microscope.The ages,positions,clinical manifestations and histopathological features in different types were compared.RESULTS The 32 neuroendocrine neoplasms of digestive system were divided into four types:12 cases of neroendocrine tumours G1 /NET G1,9 cases of neroendocrine tumours G2 /NET G2,9 cases of neuroendocrine carcinomas /NEC,2 cases of mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas /MANEC.The tumors originated from foregut,midgut and hindgut were 15,8 and 9 cases respectively.Different types of neuroendocrine neoplasms showed different pathologic features.CONCLUSION The syndromes of neuroendocrine neoplasms of gastrointestinal tracts are not typical.Pathology result is a gold standard.Reasonable application of immunohistochemical method may raise the diagnostic rate of neuroendocrine tumors.The new classification is more objective and accurate.


The oil and protein compositions of a groundnut (Arachis hypogeae l.) mutant matjan gamma 20 induced by gamma radiation as well as the parent and three other genotypes were investigated. The mutant expressed several important improvements, over it parent including an increase in the oleic:linoleic ratio without increasing the behenic acid content, an increase on oil yield per kernel and an increase in tryptophan content without any decrease in protein content.


Protein has been found in urine in all relevant studies. Why are there proteins in urine? If the protein in urine acts as a nutrient, should all proteins be reabsorbed into the blood during starvation to maintain the homeostasis of the internal environment? Are they toxic? Is there any protein in urine when the animal is starved? If the protein in urine is toxic or is discarded for the regulation of body's own cellular functions, it still must be released into the urine even when the animal is starved. Does the kidney need protein to maintain urine flow? If the protein is necessary to maintain urine flow, at least some of it should remain in the urine even after starvation. Starvation can lead to different disorders of the body. During the process of starvation, a series of energy metabolism changes leads to a decrease of body weight and changes in the body's components and the metabolic gene expression profile [1,2]. A short duration of starvation can cause the acceleration of protein metabolism [3] and increases in nitrogen excretion, leucine flux and oxidation [4]. All of the above observations illustrate that the effect of starvation on the body may possibly reflect urinary protein changes.


The one-step flow model of communications presents mass communications (see Mass Media), mainly Advertising, as acting directly on each member of the target audience.

Keywords:

one-step flow model


The authors analyze the basic requirements for accuracy of determining the road bases upsetting. It is noted that the strictest ones are for monitoring the vertical displacement of road bases at constructing structures on soils with low bearing capacity and embankments with a height of more than 12 m. It was pointed out that the control of the highways' footings upsetting is carried out based on the principles of inclinometry, but there is no methodology of observations through leveling. Proceeding from the rate of the deformation process for different types of road bases, the permissible value of subsidence per month is evaluated, which takes the value of 1,7 mm for capital-type roadways and 4,2 mm for lightweight type. Calculating the MSE of the support network's heights determining and the same error of defining the deformation marks' heights was performed. With confidence probability equal to 0,988 (t = 2,5), the MSE of determining them will be 0,5 mm. It is emphasized that for creating a height reference network, it is necessary to use the existing points of the SSS, but their altitudes need to be redetermined. The design of deformation stamps is considered and the scheme of their arrangement is presented


Abstract. Results are given of experimental crosses of Schistocerca species from the New World and the Old World Desert Locust. It is concluded that S. cancellata (Serville), S. gregaria (Forskal) and S. americana (Drury) are separate species in their own right not subspecies of americana. The African Desert Locust should thus be called S. gregaria gregaria and its S. W. African race S. gregaria flaviventris (Burmeister). The name S. vicaria (Walker) is proposed for the Central American Locust. The relationship of S. paranensis to Sxancellata is discussed.


There is a strong complementarity between mainland China and Hong Kong in manufacturing industry, and the implementation of CEPA not only gives full play to the advantage of service industry in Hong Kong,but also promotes the development of manufacturing industry in mainland China.To cope with the financial crisis and to achieve the adjustment goal of industrial structure,we need to improve the training cooperation between mainland China and Hong Kong.But so far,the CEPA agreement has not opened the training cooperation between the two sides.Based on the background of cooperation and the present status,this paper discusses how to establish a training cooperation mechanism between mainland China and Hong Kong under the CEPA agreement.


Hybrid electric vehicle injector correction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, an engine that generates power through combustion of fuel; Motor to assist the power of the engine, and selectively operates as a generator; A clutch provided between the engine and the motor; Injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of the engine; Mileage of the vehicle, vehicle speed, coolant temperature, temperature of the fuel, the operation information detecting unit for detecting the operation status of the vehicle including a SOC of a battery; And while the vehicle is being inertia traveling, if any of the correction condition for the injector derived from the operation information detected from the operation information detection by increasing the amount of fuel injected to the combustion chamber in a stepwise manner to correct the fuel injection amount of the injector It includes; a control unit. According to an embodiment of the present invention as described above, it is possible to correct the amount of fuel is injected through the hybrid electric vehicle inertia when driving the injector.


Lately, a trend towards real-time, process-centric Business Intelli- gence & Analytics on the operational level has emerged. Although there are various systems such as BAM, BPI or CEP that claim to deliver visibility for operational processes, the underlying capabilities remain vague. To close this research gap we present a conceptualization and operationalization for process visibility capabilities. We use the results of a literature analysis and expert in- terviews for the conceptualization of the respective capabilities. The operation- alization is based on existing literature and refined in two academic feedback sessions as well as one card sorting procedure with experts from practice. Our results contribute to a better understanding which capabilities create process visibility and provide a basis for future research.


A decline of the white-tailed jackrabbit, ( Lepus townsendii ), has been occurring throughout the species natural range. This has provoked the need for research and a greater understanding of the reasons behind the decline. Literature suggests that the white-tailed jackrabbit forage quality may not be sufficient, which is important for pre-natal nutrition and further, that the metabolism of the jackrabbit is higher in the winter; however, the amount of carbohydrates available to jackrabbits has not been investigated. Prairie grasses and soils from white-tailed jackrabbit inhabited areas in central and western South Dakota, were sampled from three counties from the fall of 2013 until the spring of 2015. The results of this study suggest that the carbohydrate concentration (glucose and fructose) of grasses are low during the fall and winter when pre-natal nutrition for the first litter is important and the concentrations of glucose, fructose, and soil texture between all three counties were significant (p<0.001). Jackrabbits were also found in areas with a higher clay concentration for soils. Jackrabbit biochemical studies coupled with physiological research is needed to help portray a better understanding of white-tailed jackrabbit population health.


In this paper, we describe how combinatorial testing can be applied to re-architecture Contiki and Cooja regression test suites. Contiki is the popular and widely accepted internet of things operating system. Combinatorial testing was pioneered by National Institute of Standards and Technology. National Institute of Standards and Technology offers a set of tools to public. One such tool is Automated Combinatorial Testing for Software. We describe how Automated Combinatorial Testing for Software can be used to generate a complete test suite for Contiki and Cooja. Coverage of base test suite is gathered using CodeCover, a code coverage tool for Java. The low percentage of coverage in Cooja indicated the need for a redesign of test suite. Once the base regression test suite is modified using Combinatorial Testing approach, it can be the new base regression test suite.


Purpose This paper addresses the Power Plant Preventive Maintenance Scheduling Problem. The problem is taken from the power industry, where providing electric energy to the consumers without interruption is of high importance. This problem is usually treated in the long-term exploitation of electric production systems. It requires determining the period for which generating units of an electric power utility should be taken offline for planned preventive maintenance over a time horizon, usually on a yearly basis. The objective is to minimize the total operating cost while a set of constraints is satisfied, with emphasis on realiability.


This article discusses the centrality of Vergilianism in the neo-Latin literature of High Renaissance Rome. Poets and intellectuals in Rome appropriated the themes, language, and episodes of Vergil's texts to aticulate a vision for papal Rome in the early sixteenth century. The works of the Roman humanist Egidio Gallo, situated within the framework of the texts of more notable poets associated with early cinquecento Rome, provide a clear example of this phenomenon. The pervasiveness of Vergilianism illustrates that the Roman humanists were attempting to employ the past as a basis for a transformation of the present that is not as unrealistic as it may first appear. Further, these texts provide a glimpse of the overarching impact of Vergil in the Italian Renaissance on a local level.


A review on various studies of composite laminates with ply drop-off is presented in this study. Tapered laminated structures, which are formed by dropping of some of the plies at discrete positions over the laminate, have received much attention from researchers because of their structural tailoring capabilities, damage tolerance, and their potential for creating significant weight savings in engineering applications. This study is a comprehensive review, devoted to static and dynamics analysis, buckling analysis, vibration analysis, delamination and interlaminar stress analysis of laminated composite plates and beams, tapered laminated structure with ply drop-off. Overall remarks drawn from the reviewed works are given in the final section of the paper.


Tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) is considered a promising agent for cancer therapy, as this molecule induces apoptosis specifically in various cancer cells. Apart from apoptosis, TRAIL also induces non‐apoptotic signals, such as those for autophagy, proliferation and metastasis in cancer cells. In the present study, we report that TRAIL suppressed CXCR4‐mediated human breast cancer MDA‐MB‐231 cell migration by up‐regulating miR‐146a expression through NF‐κB. TRAIL receptor 1 (TRAIL‐R1, DR4) was highly expressed in TRAIL‐treated MDA‐MB‐231 cells. A neutralization antibody against DR4 specifically blocked TRAIL‐induced NF‐κB activation and miR‐146a expression. These results were confirmed in a human breast cancer xenograft mouse model, suggesting that TRAIL significantly enhanced miR‐146a expression and suppressed CXCR4 expression, indicating that TRAIL‐induced miR‐146a up‐regulation is negatively associated with CXCR4 expression. These findings suggest that TRAIL‐induced miR‐146a expression suppresses CXCR4‐mediated human breast cancer migration, and provide further insight into the non‐apoptotic function of TRAIL in the prevention of metastasis as a therapy for breast cancer.


The optical model of polycrystalline networks of blood plasma proteins is suggested. The results of investigating the interrelation between the values of correlation (correlation area, asymmetry coefficient and autocorrelation function excess) and fractal (dispersion of logarithmic dependencies of power spectra) parameters are presented. They characterize the coordinate distributions of polarization azimuth of laser images of blood plasma smears and pathological state of the organism. The diagnostic criteria of breast cancer nascency are determined.


1. Background information MTU Taara Liit (TL) is a non-profit organization for redemption centers collecting packaging of bottled drinks from the general public. OU Eesti Pandipakend (EPP) is a…


Objective: This article is to identify the determinants of utilization of self-treatment by patients in urban areas,and to promote deep understanding of self-treatment demand behavior.Methods: Binary Logistic Regression model is used,the data came from the fourth China National Health Services Survey(NHSS).Results: The result from the estimated model suggests that family size,age,status of health insurances,level of average consumption,type of illness and distance are statistically significant determinants of patients' utilization of self-treatment.Conclusions and recommendations: health insurance coverage in urban residents should be expanded and corresponding health service utilization regulations should be perfected;government should implement special medical aid scheme or establish aid fund to improve poor patients' access to formal treatment;the geography of health institutions in urban areas should be made reasonably to improve patients' access to formal treatment in the aspect of geographic distance;related knowledge and education on self-treatment should be given to patients that often utilize self-treatment,researches on the effect of some factors on self-treatment utilization,such as health seeking conception,and the cost and effectiveness of self-treatment have been put forward to further study in the future.


Visual tracking can be modeled as a binary classification problem, and the classic classifiersupport vector machine (SVM) based methods have been demonstrated encouraging performance in recent object tracking benchmarks. However, the performance of SVM is too sensitive to noisy training data during online update. In this paper, we propose an efficient dual-SVM based tracker to improve classification performance for visual tracking. The tracker proposed consists of two models: the holistic model and the part model. To learn the holistic model, the support instances are derived from the RMI-SVM trained in a deep feature space. As for the part model to highlight local structure of the target, a linear SVM is learned to further encode local details of the target, selecting candidate instances from the support instances by the confidence as input. To fuse the holistic model and the part model, we design a simple but efficient decision strategy (LEVER) to enforce the dual-SVM to focus on the target. The proposed LEVER is updated incrementally to capture changes of the appearance of the target. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed tracker performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods.


Content based image retrieval is emerging as an important area of research in image processing. Based on dual tree discrete wavelet transform, and minimum distance classification the feature vectors are extracted and similarity is found in existing research. This paper proposes a new method for improving the performance of image retrieval system using Enhanced 2D Dual Tree Discrete Wavelet Transform (E-2D-DT-DWT). The number feature vectors are increased with higher levels of decomposition in the extraction method. In addition to Euclidean distance as the distance measure of feature vectors, this paper also proposes minimum distance classification for an efficient and effective distance classification. Performance evaluation is done using two parameters precision and recall. The experimental results show that precision and recall is improved with the proposed method.


Combining with the online teaching practice of the Open Education College of Anhui TV University, the article discusses how teachers teach and students learn by using of network, and expounds the effect made through the practice. On the basis of this, it proposes some suggestions on transition of the concepts of teachers and students, exertion of mutual function, and the perfection in the subsystem support services of network teaching.


Gender is suspected to interact with method to influence students' interest in chemical bonding. Two research questions and three hypotheses guided the study, with a population of 5,966 senior secondary class one (SS1) chemistry students in 57 senior secondary schools inEnugu State,Nigeria. Adopting purposive sampling technique, nine schools were selected and 311 students drawn in intact classes. Validated instrument: Students' Interest Scale on Chemical Bonding (SISCB), with reliability coefficient of 0.68 was used. Regular chemistry teachers of the selected schools taught the students using instructional software package method of teaching (ISPMT) for experimental group; traditional lecture method (TLM) for the control group. Research questions were answered, using descriptive statistics; and the hypotheses tested, using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) at P < 0.05 level of significance. Result of the study showed that the interaction of gender and method on students' interest in chemical bonding is statistically significant; performance of both male and female students on chemical bonding interest rating scale is similar, although the males had mean interest gain of 0.84 higher than that of the female students. The study shows that if girls are exposed and given equal opportunity to access the same lessons in physical sciences, using appropriate pedagogical approach, they would develop interest in them, irrespective of societal role expectation of them. The study concludes that since interaction of gender with method is a significant factor in students' interest in chemical bonding, emphasis should be placed on appropriate teaching methods, rather than on the students' gender.


In recent years African literature has-at last-been receiving the serious treatment it has long deserved, largely as a result of the efforts of the literary critics who have demanded strict attention to texture and structure.1 Although there are still a few old-time missionary critics, such as G. D. Killam and Ernest Emenyonu, who pass off environmental commentaries under the shibboleths of literary criticism, the general thrust appears to be towards more formal textual consideration: the examination of how the content of a work is satisfactorily shaped into a perceivable Gestalt.


In September 2015, 193 countries of the UN General Assembly adopted a new development agenda Transforming Our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. With 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 underlying targets that are "integrated and indivisible", the agenda provides both an extraordinary chance and extraordinary challenge to society at the global, national and local level. If these goals are met, the pay-off is likely to be a higher level of well-being throughout the world, and a more sustainable planet. Innumerable connections exist among the goals and targets: some are dependent on one another; others have potential trade-offs between them. To effectively implement sustainable social, economic and environmental development and move forward on the SDGs it is necessary to understand and act on these interactions.

This Wilton Park event considered the extent to which science and policy can connect and cooperate to achieve the SDGs, in particular how they can work together to help identify the most important interactions among SDGs to improve economic and social development. Discussion focused on the SDGs which will be considered at the UN High-level Political Forum in New York in July 2018, namely the goals pertaining to water (Goal 6), energy (Goal 7), cities (Goal 11), consumption and production (Goal 12), and land (Goal 15). Key points from the discussion will be fed into the High-level Political Forum to help inform the debate and encourage consideration of the interlinkages among goals.


We define the overconvergent de Rham-Witt complex WtU for a smooth affine variety over a perfect field in characteristic p. We show that, after tensoring with Q, its cohomology agrees with Monsky-Washnitzer cohomology. If dim C < p, we have an isomorphism integrally. One advantage of our construction is that it does not involve a choice of lift to characteristic zero. To prove that the cohomology groups are the same, we first define a comparison map tF " QCt --+ Wt QZT" (See Section 4.1 for the notation.) We cover our smooth affine C with affines B each of which is finite, tale over a localization of a polynomial algebra. For these particular affines, we decompose WttQ into an integral part and a fractional part and then show that the integral part is isomorphic to the Monsky-Washnitzer complex and that the fractional part is acyclic. We deduce our result from a homotopy argument and the fact that our complex is a Zariski sheaf with sheaf cohomology equal to zero in positive degrees. (For the latter, we lift the proof from [4] and include it as an appendix.) We end with two chapters featuring independent results. In the first, we reinterpret several rings from p-adic Hodge theory in such a way that they admit analogues which use big Witt vectors instead of p-typical Witt vectors. In this generalization we check that several familiar properties continue to be valid. In the second, we offer a proof that the Frobenius map on W('c,) is not surjective for p > 2. Thesis Supervisor: Kiran S. Kedlaya Title: Cecil and Ida B. Green Career Development Associate Professor of Mathematics


In this paper,the CS framework is introduced firstly,and then the short-term stability of speech signal and the sparsity in the discrete cosine transform basis of speech signal are analyzed.Secondly,a new distributed speech signal compression and reconstruction framework based on compressed sensing theory is proposed.Via basis pursuit(BP) and orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP),it is demonstrated that the performance of reconstruction is correlated with the number of measurements and the length of frames.


The aim of this work was to examine the effect of Cd-treatment on cyclic hydroxamic acid content of maize. Application of Cd, as it is one of the toxic elements produce stress situation for the plants. As cyclic hydroxamic acids are considered stress metabolites, it was postulated that the concentration of the mentioned chemicals will change for the effect of Cd-treatment. 50, 100 and 150 μmol/litre Cd-concentrations were applied for 1, 2, or 3 hours. The maize plants were 6 days old at the time of the treatment. After one day of Cdapplication the total cyclic hydroxamic acid content of roots and shoots was measured. The average cyclic hydroxamic acid content of roots was 230-350 mg/kg fresh weight. The shoots contained 490-590 mg cyclic hydroxamic acids/kg fresh weight. For the effect of Cd-treatment the cyclic hydroxamic acid content of roots and shoots decreased. The longer was the time of Cd-application and the higher was the Cd-concentration the lower was the cyclic hydroxamic acid content. It can be establish that the direction of changes in cyclic hydroxamic acid concentrations depends on many factors, like the type of stress, plant species and variety.


Today's digital data transmission over unsecured wired and wireless communication channels is making encryption algorithms an increasingly important tool for securing data and information. Hybrid encryption techniques combine encryption schemes of either two symmetric keys or both symmetric and asymmetric encryption methods, and that provides more security than public or private key single encryption models. Currently, there are many techniques on the market that use a combination of cryptographic algorithms and claim to provide higher data security. Many hybrid algorithms have failed to satisfy customers in securing data and cannot prevent all types of security threats. To improve the security of digital data, it is essential to develop novel and resilient security systems as it is inevitable in the digital era. The recommended algorithm scheme is a combination of the well-known Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) algorithm and a simple symmetric key (SSK) algorithm. The aim of this study is to develop a better encryption method using RSA and a newly proposed symmetric SSK algorithm. We believe that the proposed hybrid cryptographic algorithm provides more security and privacy.


Abstract This exploratory study considers the relationship between hobbies and hobby‐related reading to evaluate a common instructional assumption about using hobbies as a basis for recommending reading. Hobby choices, types of hobby‐related reading, and family influences were examined through an 11 item questionnaire administered to 33 parent/child pairs. Patterns emerged supporting: (1) the potential for recommending authentic, non‐traditional hobby‐related reading materials in home and instructional settings and (2) the potential for tapping the positive influence that parents who engage in leisure‐time reading can exert on their children.


The analysis an influence of reflections from the underlying surface, atmospheric noise, the Earth's surface, cosmic noise and signal attenuation of the signal the atmosphere, as well as the flight dynamics of the aircraft (AC) on the signal/noise ratio and, accordingly, on the accuracy of AC navigation definitions by using consumer equipment of the satellite radio navigation systems. The analysis an influence of reflections from the underlying surface on the equipment operation quality of the satellite radio navigation systems consumers is carried out by using the Beckman model, in accordance with the earth's surface appears to consist of flat faces with an arbitrary slope. It is noted that reflections from the underlying surface have a greater effect on the quality of functioning of the consumer equipment of the satellite radio navigation systems in the tracking signal mode than in the detection mode. In this case, the influence of reflections increases with decreasing flight altitude and an increase in the angle of heel of the AC in the direction of the navigation spacecraft.


The thesis according to which the settlement agreement between the parties of executive production, and also the settlement agreement between the debtor and the execution creditor at performance of the judicial act, possess executive force, like the settlement agreement concluded in judicial claim production is proved.


In this paper, a teaching unit on series of number sentences with patterns is designed according to Wittmann's perspectives. In this paper, series of number sentences with patterns means number sentences in which some patterns are contained. especially, seven kinds of number sentences with patterns are offered as basic materials, and fifteen tasks based on these basic materials are offered. These tasks are for ninth grade students and higher grade students. These tasks help students to recognize patterns, and to understand mechanism underlying in those patterns by looking for patterns and proving whether these patterns are generally hold. As working on these tasks, students can reinforce meaning of algebraic expression, its manipulation, and concept of number series. Students also can reinforce mathematical thinking such as analogical thinking, deductive thinking, etc. In this point, this teaching unit reveal important objectives, contents, and principles of mathematics education. This teaching unit can also be rich sources for student's activities. Especially, for each task's level is different, each student's personal ability is considered fully. Since teachers can know mathematical facet, psychological facet, and didactical facet holistically, this teaching unit can offer broad possibilities for experimental studies. So, this teaching unit can be said to be substantial. In this paper, this teaching unit is not applied in classroom directly. Actually such applying in classroom is suggested as follow-up studies. By appling this teaching unit in various classroom, some effective informations for teaching this teaching unit and some particular phenomenons in those teaching processes can be identified, and this teaching unit can be revised to be better one.


Literary translation studies can play an important role in the teaching of literary texts. The translation of any literary text can be seen as a process to "rewrite", and to some extent manipulate, the text. A comparison of original and translation often makes the norms that influence the rewriting visible, and thus helps towards a more critical understanding of both the source and the target culture. An analysis of the only English translation of Christa Wolf's novella Der geteilte Himmel/Divided Heaven shows both the manipulation of the original through translation, and emphasises specific narrative elements of the source text. By suppressing elements that challenge the literary norms of "Socialist Realism" and some of the criticism directed at the young GDR state, the translation - commissioned by a subsidiary of the GDR publishing company Volk und Welt - adapts the text to official GDR ideology. A look at the differences between original and translation can thus highlight narrative and cultural elements that make the source text specific.


This paper analyzes the meanings and significance of the design within quota,puts forward some rational suggestions on how to make the design within quota and perfect the design system,and points out that the design within quota must penetrate each link of the design.


Colin Evers is Associate Professor in the School of Graduate Studies of the Faculty of Education at Monash University in Australia and Gabriele Lakomski is Head of the Department of Policy, Context and Evaluation Studies at the University of Melbourne in Australia. In this paper they reprise and develop some of the keys ideas which inform their book Knowing Educational Administration and in doing so set the scene for the papers which follow in this symposium.


The R value in directions of 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90° to rolling direction of two groups of IF steel sheets from Baosteel was measured. The volume fractions of texture component {001}110,{112}110,{110}001,{111}110 and {111}112 were calculated. The effects of {112}110 and {110}001texture on the R value in different directions were quantitatively analyzed according to Sachs model. It was observed that there exists obvious fluctuation of R value in different directions. The calculation and analysis indicated that the key factors effecting the R(θ)-values fluctuation are {112}110 and {110}001. Not only should the IF steel sheet have high {111} and low {100} texture, but also the {112}110 and {110}001 texture should be controlled to increase R value and decrease the fluctuation of R value simultaneously.


When corporate stock buybacks are executed, boards normally permit ongoing stockholders to labor under the impression that the action is undertaken for their benefit and is a tool to capitalize on undervaluation. However, shareholder cash used for buybacks rather than for reinvestment or dividends increases the ownership stake of management (and employee) options. As a result, interests of shareholders and option holders diverge when buybacks are undertaken. From the option holder's perspective, the reason to do a share buyback is simple: The option holder benefits almost regardless of valuation. A Cisco 2004-2007 case study (eighth in a series) quantifies buybacks' skewed returns in favor of management options. Cisco spends $29.9 billion to repurchase 19.2% of its shares. The direct result is a $1.27 (4.7%) pretax benefit per share versus securing a $5.46 benefit per option. Notably, Cisco's option pool (equal to 23.8% of outstanding shares) is unusually large, and 58.0% of Cisco's buyback is offset by stock sales. The Cisco case is similar to previous studies in the series: Buyback return measures are discussed, "absolute accretion" is presented as a preferred measure, divergent returns to shareholders and option holders are calculated, and a buyback comparative analysis framework is expanded. Ideally, the presented comparative analysis of buybacks by eight companies will be extended to cover an entire industry. The data should assist boards in adhering to governance best practices when weighing the competing interests of shareholders and option holders in buybacks and aid shareholders in their assessment of a buyback's purpose and outcome.


'social victimogenesis'. A fourth type of neurosis, Koro, shows similarities with cases of bewitchment in sixteenth century Europe. Finally the Windigo of certain Canadian Indians is reminiscent of the Lycanthropy of old. Regarding psychopathic personalities, the author selects two specific types: first, the trans-sexual individuals (American Indian berdaches, the Sarimbavy of Madagascar) ; secondly, the 'sacred fools', such as existed as a temporary manifestation among many American Indian tribes, or as a permanent way of life among certain Christian ascetics in Byzantium and Russia. These cases, the author believes, are of particular interest because they provide us with a new approach to the study of the 'role' in mental illness.


The current landscape of Europe requires an urgent reflection on whether a European identity exists or not, and on the consequences the answers to this question may hold. For two years, we members of the Research Group on critical issues of contemporary international society of the Faculty of Law of the International University of Catalonia, together with a number of professors from other Spanish and international universities, have attempted to provide answers to these questions. This special issue of Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto is the result of this research project. We have approached the topic from a multidisciplinary perspective, and more specifically Philosophy, History and Law. In particular, we have focused on the roots and scope of the European identity, which, once determined, can shed light on the relations between people and groups of different races, religions, cultures, etc. in Europe. Several of the authors have addressed the issue of human rights, a key element of that European identity.Published online: 27 February 2019


India is a major rice producing country, and the husk generated during milling is mostly used as a fuel in the boilers fo r processing paddy, producing energy through direct co mbustion an d / or by gasification. This Rice Husk Ash (RHA) is a great environment threat causing damage to the land and the surrounding area in wh ich it is dumped. In this research suitability analysis is done for use of Rice Husk Ash as alternative filler for an op tion of cement in Microsurfacing co mprises of Type III Aggregate. Microsurfacing is a one of the preventive maintenance technique for highways extensively used, in India. This paper presents the results obtained from experimental investigation of optimu m microsurfacing mix co mp rises of alternative filler as rice husk ash as a substitute of OPC. In this experimental investigation breaking time of the emu lsion, the cohesion and the abrasion resistance of microsurfacing mix with rice husk ash as filler is studied. The outcomes show that rice husk ash can Provide satisfactory results for microsurfacing mix incorporating type III Aggregate.


Abstract Middle level students classified as at-risk may benefit from a mentoring relationship to help them during this transitionary period of adolescence. Prior research findings highlight the benefits of mentoring programs for both mentors and mentees. This article provides a review of literature in mentoring programs and discusses a specific example of a mentoring program at one middle school.


The reflection and refraction properties of light at an interface between two media are usually classified as kinematic and dynamic. Both are determined by the refractive indices of the media. The kinematic properties refer to the direction of light propagation, whereas the dynamic properties refer to the polarization, magnitude, and phase changes of the reflected and refracted waves. Metamaterials and photonic crystals are often assigned an effective refractive index defined by their dispersion curves. This work shows for the first time, to our knowledge, that although the kinematic properties are consistent with this index definition, in some cases the dynamic properties are not. This observation has important implications for photonic crystal understanding and design because it shows that their rich physical phenomena cannot always be simplified to a description in terms of an effective refractive index.


Staff Education Program on Diabetes Using Self-Care Behaviors by Ruth A. Ogot MS, Walden University, 2015 BS, Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2012 Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Nursing Practice Walden University August 2019 Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus affects patients' health across the globe and is costly to manage. The chronic high blood sugar of diabetes is linked to cardiovascular and kidney damage, impaired functional status, and multiple organ failure. To lessen the complications associated with diabetes and promote self-care in those with the disease, health care professionals must be vigilant in offering diabetes education to patients with each clinicType 2 diabetes mellitus affects patients' health across the globe and is costly to manage. The chronic high blood sugar of diabetes is linked to cardiovascular and kidney damage, impaired functional status, and multiple organ failure. To lessen the complications associated with diabetes and promote self-care in those with the disease, health care professionals must be vigilant in offering diabetes education to patients with each clinic or primary care visit. Lack of diabetic educators in the clinic that provided the setting for this study indicated a need to increase clinical staff competency in teaching self-care and diabetes management to patients. The resulting project, guided by Bandura's theory of social learning, involved the creation of an educational curriculum, which was evaluated by 5 content experts with 5 or more years of experience caring for adult patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus who provided narrative feedback. The content experts indicated satisfaction with the program and offered the following recommendations: (a) implementation of staff coaching on motivational interviewing, (b) additional help in securing medications and blood glucose testing supplies for noninsured patients, (c) translation of patient tools into Spanish at a Grade 3 or 4 reading level for better patient understanding, and (d) proceeding with full implementation after the recommendations are carried out. Improved self-care among diabetes patients could promote positive social change through the prevention of acute, long-term complications and disability. Staff Education Program on Diabetes Using Self-Care Behaviors by Ruth A. Ogot MS, Walden University, 2015 BS, Chamberlain College of Nursing, 2012 Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Nursing Practice