............................................................................................................................ 62 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 63 Materials and methods ..................................................................................................... 65 3.6.1. Materials ................................................................................................................... 65 3.6.2. Proximate analysis ..................................................................................................... 65 3.6.3. Extraction .................................................................................................................. 66 3.6.4. Protein precipitation ................................................................................................. 66 3.6.5. Total dry matter and protein extractability .............................................................. 66 3.6.6. Turbidity and Zeta Potential (ζ) measurements ........................................................ 67 3.6.7. SDS-Gel electrophoresis ............................................................................................ 67 3.6.8. Experimental design and statistical analysis ............................................................. 68 Results and discussion ....................................................................................................... 69 3.7.1. Extractability .............................................................................................................. 69 3.7.2. Protein and ash composition of extracts .................................................................. 77 3.7.3. Precipitability based on Zeta Potential and Turbidity ............................................... 78 3.7.4. Gel Electrophoresis ................................................................................................... 81 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 83 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................. 84 4. CHAPTER 4: Monitoring of pH and alkalinity changes in the electro-activated aqueous solutions generated in the cationic compartment. The effect of salt concentration, current intensity, time and cell configuration ................................................................................................................ 85 Contextual transition ......................................................................................................... 85 Résumé .............................................................................................................................. 86 Abstract ............................................................................................................................. 87............................................................................................................................ 87 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 88 Materials and methods ..................................................................................................... 91 4.5.1. Chemicals .................................................................................................................. 91 4.5.2. Ion-exchange membranes ......................................................................................... 91 4.5.3. Reactor design. Configurations of electro-activation cells ....................................... 91 4.5.4. Protocol of electro-activation ................................................................................... 92 4.5.5. Analysis methods ...................................................................................................... 92 4.5.6. Statistical analysis ...................................................................................................... 92 Results and discussion ....................................................................................................... 93 4.6.1. Configuration 1 .......................................................................................................... 93 4.6.2. Configuration 2 .......................................................................................................... 97 4.6.3. Configurations 3 and 4 ............................................................................................ 101 4.6.4. The effect of type of configuration ......................................................................... 102


with a wide uniformity in real a, where A is the von Mangoldt function and, for real 6, e{6) = exp(2niO). By using a combinatrial identity, R. C. Vaughan presented an elegant simple argument on it, see [2], for instance. J.-r.Chen's theorem on the binary Goldbach problem is built upon the linear sieve and the mean prime number theorem, vide [5]. According to H. Iwaniec [6], the Rosser's weight of the linear sieve has the well-factorable property. An arithmetic function k is called "well-factorable of level D", if for any D\,Di > 1, D = D\Dj, there exist two functions k\and ki supporting in (0,Z>i] and (0,Z>2] respectively such that |^i| < 1, \ki\< 1 and k = k\* kj. Also the mean prime number theorem has been surprisingly developed by E. Fouvry and H. Iwaniec [4],E. Fouvry [3] and E. Bombieri, J.-B. Friedlander and H. Iwaniec [1].In [1] they established a non-trivial bound of the averaging sum


Aim  Aglaope infausta is a thermophilous Zygaenid of Atlanto‐Mediterranean origin, distributed in Portugal, Spain, France and north‐western Italy reaching its north‐eastern distribution limit in western Germany. The local, regional and inter‐regional genetic structure of this species is studied in this analysis.


In this paper, we propose algorithms for the graph isomorphism (GI) problem that are based on the eigendecompositions of the adjacency matrices. The eigenvalues of isomorphic graphs are identical. However, two graphs $ G_A $ and $ G_B $ can be isospectral but non-isomorphic. We first construct a graph isomorphism testing algorithm for friendly graphs and then extend it to unambiguous graphs. We show that isomorphisms can be detected by solving a linear assignment problem. If the graphs possess repeated eigenvalues, which typically correspond to graph symmetries, finding isomorphisms is much harder. By repeatedly perturbing the adjacency matrices and by using properties of eigenpolytopes, it is possible to break symmetries of the graphs and iteratively assign vertices of $ G_A $ to vertices of $ G_B $, provided that an admissible assignment exists. This heuristic approach can be used to construct a permutation which transforms $ G_A $ into $ G_B $ if the graphs are isomorphic. The methods will be illustrated with several guiding examples.


Polycrystalline columnar-grained bulk Cu samples containing preferentially oriented nanoscale twins have been synthesized by means of direct current electrodeposition. The S–N curves under tension–tension fatigue tests suggested that the fatigue limit (rmax = 162 MPa at 10) of nanotwin Cu is greatly improved over that of the coarse-grained Cu with essentially a similar grain size (rmax = 110 MPa at 10). It is found that the majority of twin boundaries are quite stable during cyclic deformation. Distinct "zigzag" slip bands acrossing a few twin planes are prevalently observed in the grain interiors. Schmid factor analysis shows that the "zigzag" slip bands result from one primary slip system activation of threading dislocations propagation within the twin lamellae, which is fundamentally different from that of polycrystal materials. The nanoscale twin confinement of activated threading dislocations suppresses the stress concentration, retards fatigue crack initiation and enhances the fatigue limit. 2012 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


We describe natural revegetation dynamics on landslides that occurred in 1948 and 1959 in Franconia Notch, New Hampshire, U.S.A. Analysis of aerial photographs from 1958, 1978, and 1996 indicate that the rate of revegetation of the landslide surface decreased over time, probably because of early saturation of easily colonized sites. In the 1948 landslide, we found that width and slope steepness within the landslide influenced the revegetation rate, while elevation did not. On the 1959 landslide, none of the tested factors were significantly correlated with vegetation recovery. Recolonization of narrow erosional zones tended to occur from the landslide edges inward; recolonization of wider erosional zones also occurred outward from islands of vegetation within the landslide. Floristic inventories were conducted in 1956 and 1996 using the point-centered quarter method and fixed plots of 1 m2 and were processed using cluster analysis, resulting in a grouping of the 1956 and 1996 plots into four and five clus...


The range of Anton Hipp GmbH ARCOS systems 1.2, 1.6, 2.0 and 2.3 are craniomaxillofacial (CMF) plate and screw systems. The individual implant systems differ based on the diameter of the respective titanium screws by the description and a color code individually assigned to each implant system. Anton Hipp implants are manufactured from commercially pure titanium and titanium alloy according to DIN EN ISO 5832 (ASTM F 67-83 / ASTM F 136) standards


Abstract
Purpose
This paper explores how racial neoliberalism is the latest evolution of race and global capitalism and is analyzed in the example of global tourism in Costa Rica. Racial neoliberalism represents two important features: colorblind ideology and new racial practices.

Methodology/approach
Two beach tourism localities in Costa Rica are investigated to identify the racial neoliberal practices that racialize tourism spaces and bodies and the ideological discourses deployed to justify racial hierarchical placement that perpetuates new forms of global and national inequality.

Findings
Three neoliberal racial practices in tourism globalization were found. First, "neoliberal networks" supported white transnational actors' linkage to national and global tourism providers. Second, "neoliberal conservation" in beach land protection policies secured private tourism business development and impacted current and future racial community displacement. Third, "neoliberal activism" exposed how community fights to change local tourism development was demarcated along racial lines.

Practical implications
An inquiry into the mechanisms and logics of how racism contemporarily operates in the global economy exposes the importance of acknowledging that race has an impact on different actor's global economic participation by organizing the distribution of material economic rewards unevenly.

Originality/value
As scholarship exposes how gender, ethnicity, and class are constituted through global economic arrangements it is imperative that research uncovers how race is a salient category also shaping current global inequality but experienced differently in diverse geographies and histories.


As a consequence of software becoming an indispensable component of any safety-critical system, verification of such systems will not be sufficient without showing that the software will not create or contribute to a hazardous situation that might cause a serious injury, or even loss of human or animal life. In this paper we show an application of testing framework designed for testing safety-critical systems to a Portable Insulin Pump System, and investigate the framework applicability and its contribution to the certification process in the medical domain. The testing framework design is motivated by providing sufficient evidence for an efficient safety certification process; thus it integrates modeling, safety analysis, and combinatorial testing techniques to provide broadened testing activity outputs that generate diverse types of evidence.


IQ Domain 1 (IQD1) is a novel calmodulin-binding protein in A. thaliana, which was found to be a positive regulator of glucosinolate (GS) accumulation and plant defense responses against insects. We demonstrate here that the IQD1 overexpressing line (IQD1OXP) is more resistant also to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea, whereas an IQD1 knockout line (iqd1-1) is much more sensitive. Furthermore, we show that IQD1 is upregulated by Jasmonic acid (JA) and downregulated by Salicylic acid (SA). Comparison of whole transcriptome expression between iqd1-1 and wild type revealed a substantial downregulation of genes involved in plant defense and hormone regulation. Further examination revealed a marked reduction of SA/JA signaling and increase in ethylene signaling genes in the iqd1-1 line. Moreover, quantification of SA, JA and abscisic acids in IQD1OXP and iqd1-1lines compared to WT showed a significant reduction in endogenous JA levels in the knockout line simultaneously with increased SA levels. Epistasis relations between IQD1OXP and mutants defective in plant-hormone signaling indicated that IQD1 acts upstream or parallel to the hormonal pathways (JA/ET and SA) in defense response against B. cinerea and in regulating GS accumulation and it is dependent on JAR1 controlling indole glucosinolate accumulation. As a whole, our results suggest that IQD1 is an important defensive protein against Botrytis cinerea in A. thaliana and is integrated into several important pathways such as plant microbe perception and hormone signaling. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT IQD1 is involved in glucosinolate accumulation and in general defense responses. JA activates IQD1 that acts upstream or parallel to JA/ET and SA signaling pathway while controlling glucosinolate accumulation and defense against Botrytis cinerea and it is dependent on JAR1 controlling indole glucosinolate accumulation.


The basic principles and practical requirements for the application of steam turbine driven feed water pumps are being presented.Operational experience gained by the Harbine Gasification Plant as well as a profitability analysis show that the energy saving,gained by using a steam turbine driven feed water pump,is remarkable.


Abscract: The objectives of this research are to know and analyze the effectiveness of criminal act of drug abuse perpetrator in Correctional Institution and to know what factors influence the effectiveness of the implementation of narcotic abuse in Prison. This type of research uses the type of research Empirical Law to see the law in the position of reality (Das Sein) by looking at the law in the proper position (Das Sollen) to know the extent of legal effectiveness. This study focuses attention on the effectiveness of criminal execution on the perpetrators of criminal acts of narcotics abuse and examines the factors that affect the effectiveness of criminal implementation. And in connection in this case set the type of empirical research intended to know and analyze the form of legislation as a form of effectiveness against the implementation of criminal narcotics abuse perpetrators.


In this paper, we propose a new gesture recognition method which is helpful for a man-machine interface. The most of traditional methods need the whole part of a gesture sequence. Therefore, a system has to wait for the end of gesture to start the recognition process. It causes a time delay between the user's action and the machine's response. Early recognition determines the recognition result before the end of the gesture. Proposed method needs the detection of neither the beginning nor the end of the gesture by detecting the unique posture for a gesture class. In our experiment, we confirmed that the result is determined quite early with high recognition accuracy.


Nine of the ninety-five troubadour manuscripts contain miniature paintings that apparently represent the authors of the songs. Three of these manuscripts, C, M, and N, contain paintings and poems but no vidas or rozos; in two more, E andR, the miniatures illustrate the poems, while the prose pieces are grouped separately. In the remaining four manuscripts the miniatures illustrate the vidas and razos. Professor de Riquer has reproduced the miniatures in these four manuscripts (A and // in the Biblioteca Vaticana, / and K in the Bibliothèque Nationale) in luxurious color, and juxtaposed them with the texts of the vidas and razos, which he reprints, with occasional retouches, from the standard edition by Boutière and Schutz. He adds a Spanish translation. He makes clear (xxxiii) that he intends the volume for literary readers rather than specialists.


Ongoing experiments have led to continued improvements in the Electric Oxygen-Iodine Laser (ElectricOIL) system that significantly increased the performance, gain, and laser power output. Experimental investigations utilize radio-frequency discharges in O2/He/NO mixtures in the pressure range of 30-60 Torr. The goal of these investigations was maximization of both the yield and flow rate (power flux) of O2(aΔ) in order to produce favorable conditions for subsequent gain and lasing in our ElectricOIL system. Numerous measurements of O2(aΔ), oxygen atoms, and discharge excited states are made to characterize the discharge. A gain of 0.22% cm was measured with a corresponding outcoupled power of 28 W. Modeling with the BLAZE-IV model is in good agreement with data and helps to guide our understanding of this complex hybrid laser system.


Those who know me, or who have seen me speak, know that I am all about inspiring self-leadership and nurturing you and your sparkle.


Due to fluctuations in past radiocarbon ( 14$$ {}^{14} $$ C) levels, calibration is required to convert 14$$ {}^{14} $$ C determinations Xi$$ {X}_i $$ into calendar ages θi$$ {\theta}_i $$ . In many studies, we wish to calibrate a set of related samples taken from the same site or context, which have calendar ages drawn from the same shared, but unknown, density f(θ)$$ f\left(\theta \right) $$ . Calibration of X1,…,Xn$$ {X}_1,\dots, {X}_n $$ can be improved significantly by incorporating the knowledge that the samples are related. Furthermore, summary estimates of the underlying shared f(θ)$$ f\left(\theta \right) $$ can provide valuable information on changes in population size/activity over time. Most current approaches require a parametric specification for f(θ)$$ f\left(\theta \right) $$ which is often not appropriate. We develop a rigorous non‐parametric Bayesian approach using a Dirichlet process mixture model, with slice sampling to address the multi‐modality typical within 14$$ {}^{14} $$ C calibration. Our approach simultaneously calibrates the set of 14$$ {}^{14} $$ C determinations and provides a predictive estimate for the underlying calendar age of a future sample. We show, in a simulation study, the improvement in calendar age estimation when jointly calibrating related samples using our approach, compared with calibration of each 14$$ {}^{14} $$ C determination independently. We also illustrate the use of the predictive calendar age estimate to provide insight on activity levels over time using three real‐life case studies.


Objective:The purpose of this research is to determine the results of three-dimensional reconstructed skull imaging using the multi-slice spiral computed tomography(MSCT) technique and to assess the normal values of the main canals and foramina in a skull base.Methods: This study used the multi-slice spiral computed tomography(MSCT) technique for brain scans of 200 normal adults(100 male and 100 female).A three-dimensional reconstruction computer software program was implemented to assess the three-dimensional reconstruction of the skull base,which provided a 3-D display of the foramen ovale,foramen spinosum,outside foramen of the carotid canal,foramen lacerum,foramen stylo-mastoideum and the foramen magnum.The program measured functions the average inside diameters of the foramina and also observed foramina shape and sex differences.


Cremated bone occurs in many archaeological sites as small grey and white fragments. The high temperatures reached during heating induce structural, chemical and isotopic changes to bone apatite (the inorganic fraction of bone). These changes are investigated here by infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (δ13C, δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr) in both modern heated bone and archaeological cremated specimens. The results of various heating experiments (in laboratory and natural conditions) highlight the significant carbon and oxygen exchanges with the fuel used as well as with bone organic matter (mainly collagen). While not informing on dietary practice and hydrology as is the case with unburned bone, the δ13C and δ18O values of calcined samples together with infrared results provide information on the conditions in which the bone was heated (e.g. presence of fuel, size of the pyre, temperatures reached, dry or fresh bone, etc.). In parallel, the effect of heat on the strontium present in bone is minimal, if not undetectable. Furthermore, as observed through artificial contamination experiments, post-burial alterations also appear to be extremely limited, which is to be expected due to the higher crystallinity of calcined bone apatite compared to tooth enamel and unburned bone. These experiments demonstrate that calcined bone provides a reliable substrate for mobility studies using its strontium isotope composition. The application of these results to the study of six Neolithic and one Bronze Age sites from Ireland showed the possibility of discriminating cremated individuals that ate food originating from different regions, as well as highlighting possible variations in cremation practices between different sites. The results of this thesis greatly extend the application of strontium isotopes to places and periods in which cremation was the dominant mortuary practice, or where unburned bone and enamel do not survive. They also provide insights into the reconstruction of ancient cremation practices.


The combination of the large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmissions is a promising candidate for future wireless communication systems. We investigate a quality of service (QoS) guaranteed user-scheduling algorithm for large-scale MIMO-OFDM systems, where pilots are assigned to served users. In general, a wireless channel concentrates its energy on a specific region in the angle and delay domains. We suggest to reuse pilots based on this channel property in a macrocellular environment, thus reducing pilot overhead significantly. In the presence of contamination caused by the pilot reuse, we analyze the asymptotic behavior and design an interference cancelation (IC) precoder. For both the simple matched filter (MF) precoder and the sophisticated IC precoder, we derive achievable rates under pilot contamination, which are metrics for QoS. Further, according to the analysis under a special case, the number of QoS-guaranteed users proves to be maximized when an equispaced property in the angle domain is satisfied. The theoretical result facilitates a low-complexity user-scheduling algorithm. Numerical results confirm our analysis and proposed pilot scheme, and they show that the proposed scheduling algorithm can select out the maximum served users with guaranteed QoS.


Background and Objectives
The production of urease by the Helicobacter pylori is an important virulence factor for its colonization in the lamina properia. Uncontrolled consumption of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) causes a decrease in the production of gastric acid so that overgrowth of non-resident pathogenic bacteria can promote. The aim of this study was investigation of the colonization of non helicobacter urease positive bacteria in stomach of patients with PPI drugs usage.

Materials and Methods
Duodenal biopsy specimens were harvested from 38 PPIs administrating patients under routine gastroscopy. The samples then were immediately homogenized by tissue- grinder and cultured in aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic conditions. The identification of samples was on the basis of standard bacteriological methods. All of suspected unidentified bacteria were subjected under 16s rDNA sequencing.

Results
 Out of 38 biopsy samples, 51 bacterial isolates were identified. Among 38 duodenal biopsy specimens, 82% were shown positive growth for bacteria. Polymicrobial infections were shown in 50% of the samples. Most of frequently isolated bacteria in relation to the polymicrobial infections were associated with Acinetobacter spp. (17.64%). Other urease producing bacteria among the isolates were included Enterococcus spp. (50% E. faecalis and 50% E. faecium); Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter spp. (E. hormaechei and E. intermedium), and Proteus vulgaris in the frequency of (15.68%), (9.8%), (7.8%), (5.8%), (3.9%) and (1.9%), respectively.

Conclusion
The results of this study indicated that 64.7 % of the bacterial isolates are considered as bacteria with urease activity. Most of these bacteria shown a significant counts > 103 cfu/ml of the treated biopsy suspensions, which emphasis their colonization in this niche. Our findings initially showed a direct association between PPIs usage and bacterial overgrowth in duodenum tissue. The urease encoding bacteria probably could help them to tolerate the pH of duodenum in these patients.


Waste water treatment consists of different processes which protect the environmental and human health through cleansing the water pollutants. In the past people used to have different methods for this treatment which has been passed over or developed through history, due to the advancement of technology and the growing needs of society .Waste-water treatment is a vital process in the modern industrial world, alongside this, more 97% of water is the stored in saline (oceans) and only 3% fresh water however only less than 1% is available for consumption. As time goes by, there will be population growth for which the government would have to provide more useable water for society. Waste-water treatment uses chemical, physical, and biological process to cleanse waste water in order to protect the environmental and public health .Waste-water is the water which has been released to environmental that is defined as a combination of the water plus wastes that have been added to the water from a verity of uses, such as industrial, commercial, residences etc and there to sources which release the waste water into the environmental. First, community waste water is the kind which has been expelled from domestic premises such as institution, residence and commercial establishments which are organic because of the consistency of carbon composites alike vegetables, human wastes, paper etc. Second, is the waste-water that has been produced by industrial procedures which is also organic in composition. Although this literature introduces the verity of waste-water treatment techniques and sewage system design generally.


Supplemental digital content is available in the text. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate whether improvement in coefficient of fat absorption (CFA) with pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy correlates with clinical symptoms in patients with chronic pancreatitis with moderate to severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Methods Data were pooled from 2 randomized double-blind trials of the effects of 1 week of pancrelipase (n = 59) versus placebo (n = 57) on CFA and stool frequency, stool consistency, abdominal pain, and flatulence; 1 trial included a 51-week open-label pancrelipase treatment period (n = 34). Results Compared with placebo, significantly more patients receiving pancrelipase reported decreased stool frequency at week 1 (72% vs 38%; P < 0.001). Although 30% of patients receiving pancrelipase and 20% receiving placebo reported improved stool consistency, changes in stool consistency, abdominal pain, and flatulence were not different between groups. Mean CFA absolute change from baseline was significantly greater with pancrelipase versus placebo (24.7% vs 6.4%; P < 0.001). Improvements in stool consistency and frequency correlated with CFA improvement. Symptom improvements persisted or further improved through 52 weeks of treatment. Conclusions Pancrelipase significantly improved exocrine pancreatic insufficiency maldigestive symptoms. Improvements in objective stool symptoms with pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy correlated with CFA improvement at 1 week.


Bibliometric analysis is applied to review the research results of resource room for learning in regular class of our country from 1999 to 2016. The results reveal: although the amount of research literature on resource room for learning in regular class increases yearly, the research is still at initial stage; the researchers of resource room for learning in regular class are staff of colleges or research centers from Eastern China. The core research groups haven't formed so far. The self-complied or adapted questionnaires are used to investigate the construction and operation of resource room for learning in regular class. The construction level of resource room fails to meet the requirements on the guide. The research hotspot centers on practice of resource room and is unsystematic. Heavy responsibilities should be shouldered to research the resource rooms for learning in regular class. Keywords—learn in regular class; resource room; research status and reflection


The invention relates to a sweetener, in particular to a pure natural high-power dining-table sweetener, which is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 98.31 to 99.88 percent of erythritol and 0.12 to 1.69 percent of natural high-power sweetener. The pure natural high-power dining-table sweetener has the advantage that: in various pure natural sweeteners, stevioside and momordica grosvenori are the truly safe and healthy sweeteners which are verified. In the sweetener, after the raw materials are compounded in different ratios, the sweetness of the erythritol can be improved, and the good mouthfeel of the erythritol can cover the adverse mouthfeel of bitter, pungency and the like after sweet taste of the stevioside and the momordica grosvenori, so that the compounded sweetener is a safe and healthy pure natural low-heating value sweetener of which the mouthfeel is close to that of cane sugar and the sweetness is higher. In addition, the pure natural high-power dining-table sweetener does not have calorie, avoids decayed teeth, and can be widely applied to food, drinks, candies and the like which used for patients who suffer from diabetes and children and medicinal coatings, nourishment and the like.


BECKWITH, R., The Old Testament Canon of the New Testament Church and its Background in Early Judaism, Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1985. Pp. xiii + 528. Cloth, $35.00. ISBN 0-8028-3617-8. The surviving records have preserved little information about the process through which the canon of the Hebrew Bible was formed or recognized, but in modem times many scholars have concluded that three fundamental stages can nevertheless be distinguished: the Torah was canonized in the early post-exilic period, the Prophets around 200 BCE, and the Writings in ca. 90 CE at the 'Council' of Jamnia. It is widely supposed that Hellenistic Jews accepted a larger canon which included the apocryphal books. In the last few decades, some aspects of this widely accepted hypothesis have come under heavy attack-especially the role that the 'Council' of Jamnia is thought to have played. A thorough revision of the accepted theory was enunciated by S.Z. Leiman in his The Canonization of Hebrezv Scripture: The Talmudic and Midrashic Evidence (Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 47; Harden, CN: Archon Books, 1976). He argued that the prophetic canon was closed in approximately 500-400 BCE and that the full canon-including the Writings-was fixed already in the second century


Theoretical studies of plasma acceleration by an rf field gradient indicated that a plasma will be accelerated toward the low-field region if the applied frequency is greater than the critical frequency of the plasma, and toward the high-field region if the frequency is less than the critical frequency. Calculations for the acceleration of plasma spheres and ellipsoids of arbitrary orientation with respect to the rf field have been completed. Experiments with plasmas of various densities have demonstrated both the acceleration and deceleration of the plasmas as predicted by theory. Mercury plasma has been accelerated with a 140-Mc rf field g gradient to a velocity of 25 x 10 cm/sec, equivalent to a specific impulse of 2500 seconds.


Abstract Objective:FSM-2117 and FS-5416 are two bivalent hybrid strains of S.flexneri and S.sonnei, constructed by this laboratory-The FS-5416 expresses four invassive plasmid antigens(IpaA、IpaB、IpaC and IpaD) and has a good contact heamolysis activity(CHA+ ), butFSM-2117 hasn' t. To observe the immunogenicity of Shigelk vaccines through three different mucosal administration rout, the changes of ASCin the spleen and Peyer's patch(PP) , mesenteric lymph nodes(MLN) lymphocytes are detected.Methods:BALB/c mice were divided intothree groups, 20 mice per group. Mice were immunized respectively with the Ipa+ or Ipa- vaccines(4 x 10~7 CFU) three times with an intervalof two weeks by intranasal、intragastric or intraintestinal administration routs. The spleen , PP , MLN lymphocytes were isolated of seventh dayat random after immunization. An BA-EIISASPOT was done to account the numbers of ASC.Results:The numbers of SIgA and SIgG ASC ofspleen , PP , MLN lymphocytes of intranasal and intraintestinal group were significantly increased . Significant difference were only observed inthe number of spleen lymphocytes SIgA and SIgG ASC of intranasal group between Ipa+ and Ipa- . Conclusion:Two bivalent Shigelk vaccinescan induce spleen and GALT immunity reaction by nasal or small intestinal mucosal in a low dosage compared with intragastric rout (about 1/20). Ipa can significantly increased the number of spleen lymphocytes SIgA and SIgG ASC of intranasal group.


Worldwide, women are increasingly making the key financial decisions - yet research shows they are often held back by a lack of confidence in their investment knowledge.


Soil reclamation is a necessary element of farming and land use almost everywhere in the Russian Federation. Since soils are the direct objects of reclamation, soil science provides the fundamental theoretical conceptual basis for devising meliorative measures. Their ecological suitability and cost effectiveness are now closely related to the adaptation of the reclamation measures to the soil cover within each concrete landscape in all natural zones and to the protection of all its elements from degradation. The solution of these problems presupposes a harmonious combination of crops and land use, interaction between the government and the users of the land, and intensive development of general and regional meliorative soil science and the fundamental basis for soil reclamation in Russia.


Abstract The magnetron sputtering amorphous diamond-like carbon film is successfully deposited by SiNx interlayer approach. The scanning electron microscopy study reveals the creation of high uniform surface micrograph diamond-like carbon films with SiNx interlayer. For comparison, diamond-like carbon films with different interlayers are also grown. The Raman spectra are analyzed in order to characterize the stressed induce peak shifts of the films. The interactions of C atom with Si(100) and SiNx surface are studied by density functional theory simulation. The effects of interlayers on the films deposition and the considering deposition mechanism are discussed. It is suggested that the diamond-like carbon and SiNx bilayer structure can help to render applications in protective coatings and high quality silicon on diamond related radiation tolerance devices.


Russia and America: The Asymmetric Rivalry Andrei P. Tsygankov. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2019. £16.99. 245 pp. Ukraine and the Art of Strategy Lawrence Freedman. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2019. $27.95. 233 pp. Russian Political War: Moving Beyond the Hybrid Mark Galeotti. Abingdon: Routledge, 2019. £45.00. 126 pp. Between Two Fires: Truth, Ambition, and Compromise in Putin's Russia Joshua Yaffa. New York: Tim Duggan Books, 2020. $28.00. 342 pp. The Bridge: Natural Gas in a Redivided Europe Thane Gustafson. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2020. £31.95/$39.95. 506 pp. Russia and America: The Asymmetric Rivalry Andrei P. Tsygankov. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2019. £16.99. 245 pp.


ABSTRACT We present here the taxonomic revision of Mecocephala Dallas, 1851 and Paramecocephala Benvegnú, 1968 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae), updating the genitalic terminology. A differential diagnosis of each genus and all of its members is provided, and a new species of Paramecocephala is described from a female: P. helenae sp. nov. from Brazil. Photographs of type specimens and genitalia, species occurrence maps with new records, and an updated key for species of both genera are also provided. https://urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6D63D5B2-55A2-4465-852F-EEDA37FEF12B


Protein phosphorylation plays a major role in regulating cellular functions. We have previously demonstrated that Sky1p, the SR protein kinase of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is a regulator of polyamine transport and ion homeostasis. Since its kinase activity was demonstrated essential for fulfilling these roles, we assumed that Sky1p function via substrates phosphorylation. Using an in vitro phosphorylation assay, we have identified Hrb1p as a putative Sky1p substrate. However, phosphorylation analysis in WT and sky1Δ cells and localization studies disproved Hrb1p as a true Sky1p substrate, although a segment of the RS domain is required for determining its subcellular localization. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Hrb1p and additional putative Sky1p substrates, identified by computational approach, are not involved in mediating the spermine tolerant phenotype of sky1Δ cells. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


With the rapid development of Huangdao district's economy,the problem between economic development and lack of fresh water resource has been increasing.The traditional ways for solving the problem is tapping the local water resource and transferring water from other places.The important new ways include the utilization of sea water and medium water and discussions on the necessity and feasibility of two ways are conducted.


Aims: Planting Spartium junceum L. has increased immensely in urban areas due to its aromatic petals. Since the petals and stamens in aromatic plants are of important herbal allergenic agents, the aim of this study was to investigate the allergenicity of petal and stamen at old ontogenical staged Spartium junceum L. in Guinea pig. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 21 male Hartley Guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups including 7 animals. To the first group buffered phosphate saline, second group old petal extract and the third group petal and stamen extract were injected. The extracts were prepared with 16% concentration. The injections were continued within 4 weeks, once per week intraperitoneally and in the fifth week subcutaneous injection was performed. A week after the last injection blood sampling was done from the heart of animals and the number of Eosinophils, Immunoglobulin E and blood sugar levels were measured. To data analysis SPSS 16 software, ANOVA and dependent T tests were used. Findings: In skin test wheal diameter in both groups treated with Spartium junceum L. significantly increased compared to control group (p<0.001). Blood sugar in groups treated with petal and stamen showed significant increase in comparison with control group (p<0.05). In electrophoretic profiles 3 protein bands was observed in the range of 46 to 85kD in both treated groups which these bands were much more colorful in petal and stamen group. Conclusion: Allergenicity of petal with stamen of Spartium junceum L. at old ontogenical stage is more than petal.


The oxidation of TiN, TiC and TiB2 has been investigated between 600 and 1100°C. In the case of TiN. the rate of oxidation can be described by a linear‐parabolic law. The only oxidation product is TiO2 (rutile which is formed at the inner phase boundary. The nitrogen escapes almost completely to the gas phase. The activation energy of the diffusion through the oxide layer as calculated from the isothermes agrees fairly well with the value obtained for the oxidation of titanium metal. It is concluded that the kinetics of the oxidation is not influenced to a considerable extent by the diffusion of the nitrogen.The oxidation of TiC is governed by a purely parabolic law yielding almost the same activation energie as obtained for Ti and TiN. The oxide layer is rutile containing 0,1–0,2 weight % of carbon. The rutile is formed at the inner phase boundary. Oxygen diffuses through the oxide layer to the inner phase boundary whereas carbon diffuses outwards, being oxidized to CO and CO2 at the outer surface.The oxidation of TiB2 follows a parabolic law below 850 and above 950°C. The activation energies are different in both cases. The 900°C isotherme can be described by a cubic law. At 700°C the oxide layer is a fine‐grained mixture of TiO2 and B2O3. At higher temperatures we have phase separation on the macroscopic scale. Three zones may be distinguished: Glassy B2O3, TiO2 and the fine‐grained mixture. Above 1000°C the B2O3 begins to evaporate more and more. At 1100°C it is not found by X‐ray diffraction. Both oxides are formed at the inner phase boundary.


The rapid development of Internet, a web site to promote the emergence of the website is the business or individual in the image of the show on the network platform, is here to understand the businesses or individuals a way. This paper describes the process of building the web site, site planning, principles, the layout of the website.


Ablation refers to the local application of optical, acoustic or electrical energy and cold as to induce irreversible cell injury, apoptosis and coagulative necrosis of tissues. By contrast to surgical excision, ablation is a minimally invasive treatment option, whereby the scarified tissue remains in situ and is being absorbed over several months and transformed to a scar. Clinical use of ablation encompasses the treatment of various tumors, including liver, lung, kidney, pancreatic, head and neck cancer and bone metastasis. Additionally, neurological disorders, particularly essential tremor and Parkinson's disease, can be treated by ablation of brain tissue or neuronal structures. Relatively novel is the use electrical energy in a certain pattern that induces cell apoptosis without coagulation, referred to irreversible electroporation (IRE), see Rui Chen et al. in this issue of SMJ. In order to decide which kind of local cell destruction is useful and can be applied safely a thorough understanding of the underlying principles is essential. In addition, it is required to use an appropriate imaging technology to monitor and control the process of tissue destruction. The process of energy-induced cell/tissue destruction consists of two phases through direct and indirect mechanisms. The direct damage of cells occurs rapidly after exposure of the target tissue to high temperature, alteration of the cell membrane, dysfunction of mitochondrial and inhibition of DNA replication. Changes of cell membrane fluidity and permeability are considered as the major cause of cell injury, leading to dysfunction of actin filaments and microtubules and impairment of facilitated diffusion across the cell membrane. Mitochondria are affected by high temperature, increasing leakage of protons through the inner mitochondrial membrane and changing the ultrastructure in minutes. Besides the changes in cellular level, heatinduced denaturation of key replication enzymes DNA polymerase a and b, which is responsible for semiconservative DNA replication and DNA repair synthesis respectively, thereby inhibiting DNA replication. Denaturation of polymerase substrate chromatin, abnormal condensation of non-histone nuclear matrix proteins, disruption of RNA synthesis and the release of lysosomal enzymes are believed the mechanisms of heat-mediated reproductive cell death. The indirect mechanism occurs via several mechanisms, including induction of apoptosis, the release of cytokines and stimulation of immune response. Apoptosis is increased in the peripheral zone of the central ablated lesion, which undergoes coagulative necrosis. Expression of essential apoptotic protein p53 was upregulated and bcl-2 was downregulated in human liver cancer tissues after ablation treatment. Release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1b (IL-1b), IL-6, IL-8, IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) increase in several hours to days after ablation maximize the anti-tumor response. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a large family of stressinduced proteins and play a key role in cell survival and development. Recently, HSP70 attracts interest in research and is concerned as a biomarker and potential anti-tumor targets. Preclinical and clinical evidences indicate that the upregulation of HSP70 expression may stimulate anti-tumor immunity by inducing various immunological processes and regulation of multiple pathways including stress-activated kinases pathway JNK, extracellular signal-regulated kinases ERK and cell cycle inhibitor p21. Energy transmitted into target tumor lesion and induces local tumor destruction. According to the energy sources, the clinical techniques can be categorized as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), laser ablation (LA), irreversible electroporation (IRE) and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU/FUS). Each of the technologies shows strengths and weaknesses in the ablation of various tissues and organs. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is the most accepted modality for tumor ablation using an electromagnetic energy source with frequencies at 200–1200Hz


Monitoring the activity of the heart is important for diagnosing and preventing cardiovascular diseases. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the gold standard for diagnosing such diseases. It monitors the heart's electrical activity, and while this is highly correlated with the cardiac mechanical activity, it does not provide all the information. Other sensors such as the echocardiograph are able to monitor the heart's movements, but such tools are expensive and hard to operate. Therefore, contactless monitoring of the heart using RF sensing has gained interest in recent years. In this paper, we describe a process to extract the movements of the heart from millimeter wave radar with high accuracy, and thus we provide a noninvasive and affordable way to monitor cardiac movements. We then demonstrate the correlation between the observed movements and the ECG. Furthermore, we propose an algorithm to synchronize the ECG signal and the processed signal from the radar sensor. The results we obtained provide insights on the mechanical activity of the heart, which could assist cardiologists in their diagnoses.


The background of this research is the fact that the Qur'an is the word of Allah that is revealed to the Prophet Muhammad SAW, as a guideline for mankind in the obligation to serve as servants of Allah SWT and instruction in organizing his life to be according to the religion and At the end of this era the decline of Muslims is caused by several factors, one of which is moral decay. Morality is a very expensive and difficult thing to look for in this day and age. lack of understanding of the moral values contained in the Qur'an will further aggravate a person's personal condition. To form a noble person, moral cultivation should be implemented as early as possible so as to facilitate its formation compared to later adulthood, because personality or good character has a major role in the development of humanity and Islamic civilization. In this case researchers want to uncover the values of the moral education contained in one of the letters of Al-Qura'an namely the surah of Al-Hujurat paragraph 1-5 based on one of the interpretations of Al-Munir


The invention relates to an on-die terminators formed of coarse and fine resistors, especially an integrated circuit. The integrated circuit includes a semiconductor substrate; a first node; a secondnode; and a first plurality of resistors, each in a first plurality of resistor units. Each of the first plurality of resistor units includes a first end connected to the first node, and a second endconnected to the second node. The integrated circuit further includes a second plurality of resistors, each in a second plurality of resistor units. Each of the second plurality of resistor units includes a first end connected to the first node, and a second end connected to the second node. The first plurality of resistors is formed of a first material. The second plurality of resistors is formedof a second material different from the first material. The integrated circuit further includes a switch in one of the first and the second plurality of resistor units and serially connected to a resistor.


Fifteen cadaveric specimens where dissected to identify the insertion site(s) of Abductor Pollicis Longus tendon and accessory slips.  Thirteen dissections revealed accessory slips with variable insertion sites leaving only two specimens with a single APL insertion.  Eight dissections revealed three APL slips, three with three APL slips and two with four slips.  APL slip insertion sites included: 20 slips inserting of the first metacarpal base, 13 slips inserting on the Trapezium and 2 on the Oppenens Pollicis.  Variation was noted in both presents and number of accessory slips of the APL as well as accessory slip insertion sites.


Cervical ectopic gestation is a rare site and frequently confused with neoplastic process. Profuse bleeding can occur if the placenta is mistaken for a tumor and a biopsy is taken which may lead to hysterectomy. Cervical gestation also can be mistaken for an incomplete abortion where Products Of Conception (POC) are retained within the cervical canal may lead to diagnostic dilemma. We are presenting a case of cervical ectopic which was successfully managed conservatively.


FIELD: biotechnology. SUBSTANCE: method of quantitative estimation of bacteria producing methane gas is described. Solid medium sample containing methane gas producing bacteria is subjected for irradiation by light at wavelength 395-440 nm for one second, and fluorescence intensity appeared is determined by cytometry method. Method ensures to estimate methane gas producing bacteria without preliminary extraction. Method can be used for control and operation of reactors with methane producing bacteria. EFFECT: improved method of bacteria estimation. 4 cl, 9 dwg


The measurement of appearance is an emotive topic that requires attention. There are many in industry who are aware that they need to make better measurements of parameters that correlate with the visual appearance of their products. Equally, there are many new materials that have exciting angular-dependent characteristics, for example new interference-based, gonio-apparent pigments. This angle dependence implies that consideration should be given to measuring colour using geometries other than the conventional sphere-based or 45°/0° configurations. It also suggests that gloss might be usefully measured at angles other than the 20, 60 and 85° conventionally used. An instrument is described in this paper that measures the spectral radiance of a sample as a function of wavelength, the angle of illumination and the angle of viewing. The instrument is computer controlled and designed to be easily operable. © Crown copyright 2004 – reproduced by permission of the Controller of HMSO.


Currently, power electronics converters in microgrids have increased their application and complexity; as a result, innovative design methodologies are required. Hardware-in-the-Loop real-time emulations arise as an interesting modeling alternative to study the behavior of power converters for demanding conditions such as the integration to microgrids. This work presents in detail a method to design and implement in FPGA models of power converters to Hardware-in-the-Loop real-time emulations. These models are described by the Systems Modeling Language (SysML) and the HiLeS formalism. The proposed approach transforms high level model descriptions from SysML diagrams to HiLeS formalism and Petri nets for implementations in FPGA. Finally, the results of these implementations in embedded hardware are compared with conventional methods of simulation.


Objective: To evidence the ways that popular citizen organizations are farming nowadays in order to build sustainable urban settings, not focusing exclusively on economic growth. Their proposals are based on three axes: environmental, economic, and social; destined to improve alimentation and a sense of community in vulnerable urban zones. Methodology: The qualitative foundation is based on following 45 production units. The quantitative foundation is based on the application of a survey to 25 woman-producers, members of the XicoKaa'a Comunicaciones A. C., located in Valle de Chalco Solidaridad, used to elaborate the Evaluation Framework of Natural Resource Management Incorporating Sustainability Indicators (Marco de Evaluacion de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales Incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidad - MESMIS). Results: The sustainability of urban agriculture is strong. It fulfills the function, which originates it and fosters sustainable development and food sovereignty. According to the MESMIS criteria, over 50 % were evaluated as sustainable, allowing for the generation of energy within the productive system. Limitations: There are few studies on the state of urban agriculture in the Metropolitan Zone of Mexico City regarding benefits, impacts, or damages caused by producing in one of the largest cities in the world. Also, there is a narrow focus of the results on a specific sector of the population living in the eastern periphery. Conclusions: Citizen organizations prove that they can start actions within the sustainability framework, like urban agriculture, at the same time generating benefits for the community, alimentary, and economic conditions.


Tourism in Bali is growing so rapidly that it continues to increase every year. The increasing number of foreign and domestic tourist arrivals leads to an increase in domestic services and promotions. Arief Yahya assessed that film had become a useful medium and contributed greatly to promoting Indonesian tourism. The aim of this research is to know how soap opera and film could be used as a means of promotion to know about Tourism in Bali and other state  problems: (1) How Broadcasting as a mass communication activity  functions as a medium of information, education, entertainment,  health, control and social control; (2) How to carry out the function of soap opera and film as a means of   promoting Tourism inBali;(3), How broadcasting also has economic and cultural functions. Theory  and Method: Symbolic  Theory and Method use perception and qualitative analysis which explore by watching the eat, pray, and love films and some soap operas whose shooting take place in Bali. They can serve as a reference for the industrial world to make films that can inspire audiences to come to the place or location of the film, and also a reference for tourists who would come to Bali.


Given health and health economy assessments, a common assessment framework for active and healthy ageing (CAFAHA) is ideally desirable, even if not yet fully feasible, given the activities developed within European Innovation Partnership for Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) since 2012, now moving into its subsequent framework on healthy ageing. However, as there is diversity with respect to maturity in regions, in order to fully develop prevention practices and campaigns, assets as part of maturity need to be defined more clearly.


A theoretical study of cylindrical acoustic waves of zero order propagating in cylindrical waveguide in contact with nonconducting viscous liquid was carried out. Waveguides considered in this paper are represented by circular rod of piezoelectric ceramics, surrounded by a viscous liquid or thick-walled piezoelectric tube filled with liquid. The orientation of the piezoceramic was chosen in this way that the polarization vector coincided with the cylinder axis. In this case due to the isotropy in the plane which is perpendicular to the cylinder axis one can use the mathematic methods based on the cylindrical functions expansion of the wave potentials. As a result we found the phase and group velocities of the waves under study and also their electromechanical coupling coefficient and attenuation coefficient. It has been shown that compressional wave of zero order c0 has a high electromechanical coupling coefficient and low attenuation. The obtained results may be used for development of the sensors operat...


Department of Pharmacology and toxicology, Faculty of pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. *Corresponding Author: Amin Hasanvand, Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Received: 17 May 2017, Accepted: 25 June 2017, ePublished: 4 July 2017 The result of decreased antioxidant defense system and also, increased pro-inflammatory cytokines are detectable in chronic diseases such as diabetes (neuropathy and nephropathy), cardiovascular disorders (hypertension), metabolic syndrome, hepatotoxicity, ototoxicity and infectious disorders. An excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause cellular degradation process that leads to cell damage and induced apoptosis (13). Reduction of the ROS with drug treatment and/or diet variation strategy would give a nice objective for suppression of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage in the kidney (4). Recent studies suggest that in the intestinal mucosa of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), immune cells were activated, and suggest a possible role for low-grade inflammation in the pathogenesis of IBS. Evidence suggests that ROS, pro-inflammatory cytokines and damaged tissue caused hypersensitivity of visceral vessels which is thought to play a main role in the increase of chronic pain and distress in IBS (5). For most conditions, these diseases can be managed with an appropriate preventive and treatment methods and training for patients. Metformin, a biguanide drug, is broadly prescribed to treat high blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This drug improves infarct size and reduces adverse restoration in animals with diabetic or nondiabetic and delays the development of heart failure in nondiabetic animals. In addition to its effect on heart failure, administration of metformin has beneficial effects of diminishing endotoxemia and improves insulin signaling pathway in animals. There is the positive effect of metformin on decreasing oxidative stress activity in the body (6). Acetaminophen (acetyl-para-aminophenol [APAP]) poisoning can cause necrosis of the centrilobular cells, fatty degeneration and increased inflammation. In addition, acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity is believed to be mediated by increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-6, TNF-α and CRP levels), tissue enzymes (such as AST, ALT, ALP and malondialdehyde), and also through decreasing glutathione and superoxide dismutase activities. Our recent study suggests, a 21day treatment with metformin (200 mg/kg/d) protects hepatocytes against acute APAP hepatotoxicity. ROS and pro-inflammatory cytokines play a main effect in toxicity of APAP, resulting in acute hepatotoxicity. However, improved hepatocyte necrosis, attenuated antioxidant defense system, diminish proinflammatory cytokines and prevention of tissue damage were also found with metformin treatment (7). Recent investigations have shown that metformin may have a role to improve nephropathy of diabetes (8). Also, studies have suggested that metformin treatment improved gentamicin-induced renal toxicity in Wistar rats (9). In this study, it has been shown that administration of metformin after the development of tubular damage by gentamicin, can ameliorate tissue injury. Likewise, co-administration of garlic extract and metformin has a role in protection against oxidative stress in renal toxicity (10). The main target of metformin is mitochondrial respiratory chain complex Ι, which can result in the activation of the adenosine monophosphateactivated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway (11). In general, the stimulation of AMPK signaling pathway with metformin causes antioxidant and anti-inflammation effects. And finally, It has been suggested the attenuation of chronic diseases.


A social media architect is an appealing new profession that entails crossovers
between communication and IT & Design. There are no study programmes for this
job. Important questions are how to interest secondary school pupils for such a new
job, and how to prepare them for these jobs or jobs that do not even exist today?
This research aims to set an example by presenting a realistic job profile of a social
media architect by linking the '21st century skills' to the context in which he/she
operates.


U.S. manufacturing employment has been declining for 40 years, but this trend has not affected all regions equally. This paper examines employment changes in the Western region since 1990 to identify trends in the basket of subindustries unique to the region.


The article presents the results of studies on the change in the intensity of accumulation of nutrients in seeds, in the trunk, root and leaves of green beans, depending on the phase of plant development. The change of indicators of nitrogen availability in the branching phase was 1,05–1,61%, phosphorus 0,79–1,25, and potassium 1,30–1,92%; in the flowering phase respectively 0,84–1,28%; 0,44–0,87%, and 0,95–1,35%; during the period of beans formation: nitrogen 2,26–2,93%, phosphorus 0,85–1,54%; potassium 1,17–1,65%; in the phase of seed formation, respectively 3,51–4,03%; 0,74–1,01%; and 0,86–1,07%. It was revealed that the effectiveness of the use of organic and mineral fertilizers directly depends on the degree of soil fertility, on the phases of plant development during the growing season and other environmental factors.


Historically, Franz Joseph Gall (1757–1828) was of the belief that language was represented bilaterally in the brain, in both left- and right-handers. However, in the mid-1860s Paul Broca demonstrated that language is lateralized to the left hemisphere in most right-handers. His view was that for most left-handers language was, by contrast, lateralized to the right hemisphere. There subsequently followed extensive research on 'crossed aphasia' – exceptional cases of language impairment following right hemisphere damage in right-handers – complemented by unusual cases of preserved language (non-aphasia) after left hemisphere damage in right-handers. Thus, several question marks hung over 100 years of neuropsychology. New technologies have now allowed the debate to be re-opened. Beginning with the invasive Sodium Amytal (Wada) test for presurgical lateralization, non-invasive tasks such as fMRI have now been developed. These new functional neuroimaging techniques give the added advantage of imaging both hemispheres simultaneously. We provide new evidence on the lateralization of language from studies of healthy monozygotic twins.


This paper examines the semantic differences between the near-synonymous pair in Mandarin - ca#i and hu⇔aiy⇔i. As verbs of doubt, they are similar in marking weak epistemic assertion but differ in event structure and presuppositional strength. The analysis is based on collocation patterns of the two verbs displayed in the Sinica Corpus. A Module-Attribute representational framework is adopted in this paper for detailing the semantic distinctions.


Piezoelectrics and shape memory alloys may be used as integrated actuators to control supersonic flutter of flat panels because panel strain and stiffness can be actively controlled. This article uses a Rayleigh Ritz panel flutter model to analyze the effectiveness of integrated segmented actuators to control panel bending deformation and in-plane forces, and increase the flutter speed of the panels. A non dimensional parameter for actuator effectiveness is presented to help evaluate the effectiveness of different materials and their placement in the panel


The quality in a supply chain can be improved by enhancing the customer value of the end product or by reducing the total cost of the product. This thesis focuses on values and costs associated with logistical activities in the supply chain. Two approaches to improve supply chain quality are discussed. The first approach, known as performance-based logistics (PBL), is a business model that aims to improve the quality in industries with technically advanced products, in particular in the military and aviation industry. The second approach is a mathematical solution procedure for solving economic lot scheduling problems (ELSP).The purpose of this research is to describe and develop approaches to improve the quality in supply chains. More specifically, the aims of this research are (1) to summarize previously reported benefits and drawbacks of PBL and to explore critical aspects of implementation, and (2) to develop a solution procedure that finds a feasible minimum cost production schedule for a single machine producing several different products.The results are presented in two appended papers. Paper A provides a literature study on PBL. The literature study shows that PBL can: enhance the supplier's freedom to decide how to produce and improve the performance of a product; generate better opportunities for the supplier to earn profit; improve the supplier's long-term competitive position; enable the customer to focus on core activities; reduce the customer's financial risks; reduce support costs; and increase product performance. However, PBL can also: increase the supplier's financial risks; require organizational changes that induce the supplier's business risks; and increase the customer's dependency on the supplier. Some of the critical aspects of implementation are: designing contracts and payment models; deciding on how to measure performance; defining performance indicators; specifying system levels; and setting target values.Paper B presents a heuristic solution procedure intended to minimize setup cost and inventory holding cost in a machine that produces several products in lots. The solution procedure generates a production schedule that can be repeated in a cyclic pattern without shortages, and it uses an extended approximation for the inventory holding cost, since previous literature has shown that the traditional approximation underestimates the cost.


Parameters controlling the high-cut process of strong-motion accelerations are analyzed using the recordings collected from the SMART 1 array in Lotung, Taiwan. A regression model in terms of distance, earthquake magnitude, and site condition is generally found to be suitable to describe the parameters under investigation. Results show that the high-cut process is controlled by both the site and source effects, which might bring resolution to the long-standing controversy over the origin of the cutoff frequency. In this note, it becomes almost certain that distance is the least significant parameter controlling the high-cut process.


Acid‐sulfate alteration of pyroclastic basalts in active fumaroles at Cerro Negro volcano, Nicaragua, was studied as a means to infer the mineralogical and chemical consequences of basalt alteration in analogous environments on early Mars. At this site, recently erupted basaltic cinders are undergoing alteration by SO2‐bearing steam. During alteration, silicate phenocrysts, including plagioclase, olivine, and augite, react much more rapidly than basaltic glass. Secondary mineralogy is dominated by a very limited number of phases that include amorphous silica, gypsum, Fe‐bearing natroalunite, and Fe‐oxides/oxyhydroxides, including hematite and magnetite. The major element chemistry of the deposits is controlled by two processes: gradual depletion of the major cations other than Si as the basalt components decompose and elements are mobilized out of the deposits, and enrichment in Ca and S from precipitation of gypsum, with Ca apparently supplied from sources below the surface. Reaction path models constrained by these observations but extrapolated to Martian conditions predict that alteration of pyroclastic deposits in similar environments on Mars should produce a secondary mineral assemblage that includes amorphous silica, Fe‐bearing natroalunite, anhydrite, kieserite, and hematite. Iron‐bearing natroalunite was found to produce a Mössbauer signal similar to that of jarosite, suggesting that this phase should be considered as an alternative to the jarosite component identified at Meridiani Planum. Spheroidal hematite formed in close association with natroalunite suggests a pathway for formation of hematite deposits on Mars.


By JAMES A, MILLS Two students, Marion Royce Bringing to a close the two-day HANKOW, China, Feb. 18 (AP) and Genuine Allen, already are conference for university women _China appears to be turning the hard at work sitting on the on "Women's Work and Oppor. 'd ilit b died sidelines and watching Mis S tl e, mary 0 servers ec ar tunities," Mrs. Chase Going Wood. . ht . th • . Stark subjugate her beasts. As tomg ,In e grea. campaign house, guest I~turer, spoke on in central China on which may soon as Marion and Genuine ~~ depend the outcome of her reo work up enough nerve, they'll "Our Goals" at a dinner in the sistance against Japan. lJe given a baby tiger to pracriver room at Iowa Union last China's forces, especially her tice on. evening. nil' COrpS, seem at last to have They expect to get their dlMrs. Woodhouse stated that found their stride, these sources plomas a year hence unless there is one job In particular lor Eaid. Not only have the Chinese the beasts aren't ted regularly or which there are not enough availregained their shattered morale, something. IIenlto III_lint able women-the job ol beln, the but they also have resorted to JoeeI 8taJin intelligent wife ot a well-to-do aggressive tactics instead ot T d K ·11 Great Britain and France, Europe, meantime, has been in a free hand in Austria. The cards in business man. This position Is lighting always on the defenorna 0 1 S gravely worried over Germany's tense state. Although Berlin has the European deck are being dealt really "the mainstay of the pressive. drastic moves to force nazi domihailed its triumph, Austria resents swiftly by the heads of the domi· ent set-up," she said. While Generalissimo Chiana 25 I · 41 the coup. And the Soviet Union nant nations-Adolf Hitler, GerNames QuUtles · nJures nation on Austria decided to ask . f B ito M li i It I Kai-Shek's regular troops h a ve , IS nervous over rumors 0 a new many; en usso n, a y; Although many women of toscored a number of notable sue· Chancellor Adol! Hitler's governnazi·fascist pact in which Ge(.Neville Chamberlain, Great Britday hold responsible and profit· eesses during the past week, for. ment to declare his future intenmany would give Italy raw mater) ain; Camille Chaulemps, France, able positions in the business eign observers reported a new Oil Town Is Destroyed tions regarding the country. ials and privileges in return for a and Josef Stalin, Soviet Union. world, the woman who raises a • • • • • • • • •• ........ .. . . ... . .. • .. • .. .. .. • . . th people's volunteer corps and rovB W· dR· family, takes an active part m e ing guerrilla units have become Y In s; alns F civic life of her community and a formidable arm of China's de· Swell Rivers .rance' U~ges Great BrI-tal-n upholds the ideals of her country fenses. contributes as muc;h to the econChina's air force, strengthened RODESSA, La., Feb. 18 (AP) om I lic dsituatiOn, the speaker ~-


Abstract Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a thermal analysis technique that measures the energy absorbed or released by a sample as a function of temperature or time. Analysis by DSC has wide applications for examining solid state reactions and solid–liquid reactions in many different materials. Analysis of the kinetics of reactions may be assessed by activation energy analysis methods. In recent years, DSC has been applied in the examination and analysis of bulk ultrafine grained materials processed through the application of severe plastic deformation. This overview examines these recent reports with reference to materials processed using the procedures of equal channel angular pressing, high pressure torsion and accumulative roll bonding. In addition, some critical issues related to DSC analysis are also discussed.


To improve the visibility of fog-degraded images,a method for fog-degraded image clearness based on fuzzy logic was presented.The degraded image was mapped from the gray area to the fuzzy area,and then the fuzzy entropy was calculated to obtain the change rate of a pixel.By choosing the appropriate threshold for the fuzzy entropy,the image pixels were put into two categories,and then achieve different fuzzy feature enhancement operations.Experiment results show that this method can efficiently improve the degradation of image and enhance the clearness of image.


The National Weather Service (NWS) office in Melbourne, Florida has piloted an experimental project that uniquely presents the daily "Hazardous Weather Outlook" (HWO) product in graphical format. The purpose is to complement the official text version of the HWO, exploiting both the communication and display capabilities of the Internet. Due to the diversity of threats, as well as the chance for multiple coincident threats, the text version (alone) is often insufficient to properly express all weather concerns. As a result, the text HWO may become overwhelmingly large in order to accommodate detail, or overgeneralized to accommodate product length manageability. This is especially true during situations when (flash) flooding is a threat. Many times, a quantitative precipitation forecast (qpf) for multiple inches of rainfall does not translate well in order to accurately express the actual (flash) flood threat. Although the qpf forecast is a primary ingredient when assessing (flash) flood potential, a thorough assessment also requires information regarding preexisting conditions and local geography across the forecast area. With this in mind, it is often difficult to specifically and adequately address the (flash) flood threat within an alphanumeric product, therefore lending itself well to graphics (Figure 1).


BACKGROUND
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a role in the pathophysiology of sepsis and multiple organ failure. This study examined the effect of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN), the TLR9 ligand, on polymicrobial sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction.

METHODS
Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with CpG-ODN, control CpG-ODN (control-ODN), or inhibitory CpG-ODN (iCpG-ODN) 1 hour prior to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. Mice that underwent sham surgery served as sham controls. Cardiac function was examined by echocardiography before and 6 hours after CLP.

RESULTS
Cardiac function was significantly decreased 6 hours after CLP. CpG-ODN prevented CLP-induced cardiac dysfunction, as evidenced by maintenance of the ejection fraction and fractional shortening. Control-ODN or iCpG-ODN did not alter CLP-induced cardiac dysfunction. CpG-ODN significantly attenuated CLP-induced myocardial apoptosis and increased myocardial Akt and extracellular-signal-related kinase (ERK) phosphorylation levels following CLP. In vitro experiments demonstrated that CpG-ODN promotes an association between TLR9 and Ras, resulting in Akt and ERK phosphorylation. Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) by Ly294002 or inhibition of ERK by U0126 in vivo abolished CpG-ODN attenuation of CLP-induced cardiac dysfunction.

CONCLUSIONS
CpG-ODN prevents CLP-induced cardiac dysfunction, in part through activation of PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling. Modulation of TLR9 could be an effective approach for treatment of cardiovascular dysfunction in patients with sepsis or septic shock.


Introduction The cultivation of Lathyrus sativus is especially intensive in India, Bangladesh and Ethiopia. This plant is resistant to drought and low quality of soil. It is cultivated commonly for the seeds, consumed mainly by the humans. They are rich in protein, about 2032 % . However, the seeds of legumes such as Lathyrus spp., contain a large number of antinutritional substances, which hinder free nutritional utilisation in monogastric animals (10) and humans . The most frequently occurring antinutritional substances in legumes are protease and amylase inhibitors, lectins, tannins, saponines, alkaloids, non-starch polysaccharides, vicine and convicine, phytates and lathyrogens . Lathyrogens can cause lathyrism in humans and animals after over consumption of the seeds of certain Lathyrus species . The disease has been reported to occur in humans and animals in the form of neurolathyrism, osteolathyrism and angiolathyrism . Neurotoxins, present in the seeds of Lathyrus species, can cause spastic paralysis of the legs in humans or hind legs in animals, general weakness of the skeletal muscles, together with increased stiffness. The disease can lead slowly to death and sometimes even to sudden death as a consequence of aorta rupture (angiolathyrism) or to a chronic crippling syndrome. Osteolathyrism is characterized by metabolic disturbances in the synthesis of elastic components of mesenchymal tissues and the skeletal system, causing skeletal deformities that are connected with disorders in the growth of cartilages and bones. Symptoms of the effects of lathyrogens in the vascular system are usually manifested by the disturbances in the elastic fibre formation of the vascular wall together with increased fibroblast proliferation and the formation of irregularly arranged collagenous fibres. It results in a lowering resistance of the vascular wall to stretching and in the formation of aneurysms (6, . From the seeds of Lathyrus species an acidic neurotoxic amino acid was isolated and identified as 3-N-oxalyl-L-2, 3-diaminopropionic acid, described in short as β-ODAP (beta-oxalyl-diamino-propionic acid) or as BOAA (beta-oxalyl-amino-alanine). β-ODAP is implicated in human neurolathyrism that causes neurological lesions by neuronal superexcitation and eventual cytotoxicity of neurones. Recently obtained results indicate the binding of βODAP with glutamine receptors of neurons presenting high affinity to them and with kainic receptors, to which affinity of β-ODAP is low.


A semimetal-insulator transition in the Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice is studied by using the dynamical mean-field theory. Electrons in the honeycomb lattice resemble the Dirac electron liquid and for weak interactions the system is semimetal. With increasing the local interaction, a semimetal-insulator transition occurs. We find a nonanalytical structure of the phase transition which consists of a first-order transition line ending in a second-order transition point and high-temperature crossover line. A phase separation of semimetal and insulator occurs at low temperatures. Maxwell construction is performed to determine the first-order transition line. The phase diagram is also presented.


Spectrally selective absorber with superior thermal stability and optical properties is crucial for photothermal conversion applications, including evaporation, anti‐icing, medical sterilization, photothermal catalysis, and solar‐thermal power. Efforts are being made to develop entropy‐stabilized high‐entropy ceramics as high‐performance functional materials, which promise a wide range of potential applications in the fields of energy storage and conversion owing to their diverse compositions and outstanding physical and chemical properties. Herein, an entropy‐stabilized strategy is used to boost the performance of spectrally selective absorbers by carefully choosing a high‐entropy alloy (TiVCrAlZr) target with a reasonable element design, which exhibits a good solar absorptance (α = 96.1%) and low thermal emittance (ϵ = 7.8%). Long‐term thermal stability investigation demonstrates that the entropy‐stabilized absorber could endure at 400 °C for 168 h. Under the irradiation of simulated sunlight, the surface temperature of the absorber can reach up to 105 °C, which is essential for middle‐ and low‐temperature applications. Overall, this work provides significant insights into the spectral selectivity of high‐entropy alloy nitrides and offers a new strategy for designing and developing moderate and low solar selective absorbing coatings via a high‐entropy strategy.


Provided are non-NHE3-binding agents having activity as phosphate transport / uptake inhibitors in the gastrointestinal tract, including the small intestine, methods for using them as therapeutic or prophylactic agents, and related drug discovery methods . [Selection] Figure 1


Background. The relevance of the problem is related to the high prevalence of chronic endometritis (CE); its role in female infertility, implantation failures during assisted reproductive technology procedures, and recurrent miscarriage; as well as the lack of a unified strategy in the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. The present systematic review with a meta-analysis focuses on evaluating the impact of CE and its therapy on the outcome of in vitro fertilization. In addition, the effect of CE of various severity on the outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies is analyzed. Objective. To analyze the effect of CE of varying severity and its treatment on the outcomes of in vitro fertilization. Methods. Using PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Embase, ELibrary, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), WHO International Clinical Trials Registry, and Russian Science Citation Index, a systematic search was conducted for articles published over the past 12 years that met the following criteria: randomized controlled trial examining the effect of CE of varying severity on fertility and ways to treat it. The following indicators were calculated: ongoing pregnancy/live birth, clinical pregnancy, and miscarriage rates. A total of 4145 patients (from ten studies) were included. A meta-analysis was performed using Stata 11.0 software (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK). The heterogeneity was considered low at I2 <30%, moderate at 30–50%, and high at >50%. Results. Women with CE exhibited lower ongoing pregnancy/live birth (OR 1.97; p = 0.02) and clinical pregnancy rates (OR 2.28; p = 0.002) as compared to women without it. CE treatment increased the ongoing pregnancy/live birth (OR 5.33; p < 0.0001) and clinical pregnancy rates (OR 3.64; p = 0.0001). In vitro fertilization outcomes were comparable in women treated for CE and women without CE (ongoing pregnancy/live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and miscarriage rate: p = ns). Women with severe CE exhibited lower ongoing pregnancy/live birth (OR 0.43; p = 0.003) and clinical pregnancy rates (OR 0.40; p = 0.0007). Mild CE showed no significant effect on in vitro fertilization outcomes (ongoing pregnancy/ live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and miscarriage rate: p = ns). Conclusion. The conducted meta-analysis showed that CE significantly reduces the ongoing pregnancy/live birth and clinical pregnancy rates in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization. Noteworthy is that antimicrobial therapy in such patients improves the results of assisted reproductive technologies, which are comparable to those of patients without CE. The negative impact of this pathology on the implantation capacity of the endometrium is most often observed in the severe form, while its mild form has virtually no effect on the in vitro fertilization outcome.


Equations for the development of streamwise (or secondary) vorticity, for stationary and rotating systems, are derived directly from the vector equation for vorticity, using intrinsic co-ordinates. This approach places emphasis on the coupled equations for the vorticity components parallel and normal to the streamline. The equations derived are more general than those hitherto available, being valid for compressible, stratified and viscous flow. Some interpretation is given of the physical mechanism causing secondary flow.


The article deals with microelementosis illustrated by the example of iodine deficiency. Various categorical schemes were examined in order to define and characterize the area of study. We described current methods for iodine prophylaxis and extensively studied agrochemical enrichment in the plant cultivation in order to indicate if micronutrients containing iodine can have an impact on the quality of produce.


While the association between obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the presence of steatosis has been established since the beginning of the last century (1), it was not until 1980 that the first references were made about a form of histologic liver lesion designated as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).


Objective:To study the changes of serum levels of EGF,SOD and elucidate their the roles of in head injury combined with secondary stress ulcer.Methods:Forty-two cases with acute head injury were enrolled,serum levels of EGF,SOD were determined at different time points.Results: The serum levels of EGF and SOD in head injury group combined with secondary stress ulcer were significantly lower than those of none-stress ulcer group.Conclusions: The results indicate a close relationship between serum levels of EGF,SOD and head injury combined with secondary stress ulcer.They might play a role in remaining the integrity of mucous barrier of stomach and benefiting the repair process of stomach mucosa.


ABSTRACT. Roentgen stereophotogrammetry is a new method for short term analysis of growth rate. Growth is measured over the growth zone in the distal fibula and is a fraction of the total statural growth. Normal growth rate in the distal fibula is about 15 μm/day at a total growth rate of 5 cm/year. The method was used to follow growth six months before and six months after surgery in six growth retarded children with Crohn's disease. Growth rate increased significantly (p<0.01) within three months after surgery from 5.8 μm/day before operation to 15.8 μm/day three months after operation and six months postoperatively had reached 18.0 μm/day. Improved growth could be recorded as early as four weeks after operation. The Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis (RSA) gives a unique possibility to follow short‐term changes in growth rate in children with disturbed growth and to use growth rate as a quick assessment of response.


According to the characteristics of the load of the rural power distribution system,the author constructed the flow chart of the medium load forecast.The author employed the multivariate linear regression model(or gradually regression model)and the grey models to predict.Then the two models were integrated to forecast the ultimate load results.


(57) Abstract: The present invention is a new process for the preparation of granules of active alumina doped with phosphorus, the granules themselves and the use of the granules as a growth regulator (especially low phosphorus concentration in the potted plants on the use) as a buffering agent. From aluminum hydroxide and a phosphorus source, a method of manufacturing the granules of activated alumina doped with phosphorus, it is described. These granules, especially as low phosphorus concentration buffering agents can be used as a growth regulator in potted plants.


[Objective]To study the eating behavior and its influencing factors among pre-school children.[Methods]In 2008,344 large,medium,small-class children were selected from the provincial,municipal and district-level kindergartens in Zhuhai city to investigate the eating behavior,using canonical correlation analysis to explore children's eating behavior,food choices and eating with their parents and cultural atmosphere level,kindergarten level,the correlation between age.[Results]The higher the parents were educated,the more possible their children were used to drinking milk,the higher the level of kindergarten,the children were used to drinking milk;the higher the educational level of the father was,the better the children were used to eating nuts and meat;The boys ate more and were more likely to be blamed.[Conclusion]There is some relationship between the pre-school children's eating behavior and their gender,the education level of their parents and the kind of the kindergarten.


In this paper we present a new approach to the design of robust flux observer for induction servomotors. The novelty lies in adopting a genetic algorithms to synthesise a flux observer which is robust against very large perturbations of machine model parameters and different operational conditions. By means of a suitable object function associated to any flux observer it is possible to compare the performances of a population of observers. The genetic algorithm, by means of the mechanism of natural selection and natural genetics drives the evolution of the observer population until an optimal robust flux observer is emerged.<<ETX>>


Often, videos are composed of multiple concepts or even genres. For instance, news videos may contain sports, action, nature, etc. Therefore, encoding the distribution of such concepts/genres in a compact and effective representation is a challenging task. In this sense, we propose the Bag of Genres representation, which is based on a visual dictionary defined by a genre classifier. Each visual word corresponds to a region in the classification space. The Bag of Genres video vector contains a summary of the activations of each genre in the video content. We evaluate the proposed method for video genre retrieval using the dataset of MediaEval Tagging Task of 2012 and for video event retrieval using the EVVE dataset. Results show that the proposed method achieves results comparable or superior to state-of-the-art methods, with the advantage of providing a much more compact representation than existing features.


The compressive response of hollow section, centrifugal concrete-filled GFRP tube (HS-CFGT) members is examined experimentally and reported analytically in this paper. A total of 17 specimens separated into two groups were tested; the specimens in each group were of four different lengths and included thirteen straight columns and four tapered columns. The details of the test rigs, procedures as well as key test observations composed of ultimate-moment capacities, load-displacement curves, and failure modes were truthfully reported. The test results were analyzed to evaluate the influence of initial eccentricity on the structural performance. Therefore, the aim of this paper is: (1) to propose a proper coefficient, φe, reflecting the effect of initial eccentricity based on the Chinese design code; and (2) to determine a new confinement coefficient, kcc = 1.10, for centrifugal concrete confined by GFRP tubes. Comparisons of the present design codes and specifications of confined concrete members with test results on 17 full-scale tube columns are also presented. Accordingly, new design equations, whose predictions generally agree well with the test results, are recommended to estimate the compressive capacity of the proposed HS-CFGT columns.


The genome of a new cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV) isolated from Heliothis armigera has been shown to consist of 10 double-stranded RNA segments, as in other CPVs, but the genome profile on PAGE bears no resemblance to previously described CPVs isolated from H.armigera.


Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS As COVID-19 related mortality is higher in haemodialysis patients than in the general population, proper vaccination strategies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus have utmost importance. It has been previously shown that mRNA vaccines (e.g. BNT162b2) can generate >95% of seropositivity in haemodialysis patients [1]. On the other hand, the seropositivity rate reached by the inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac®) was around 80%. In this study, we aimed to analyse the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in haemodialysis patients for 6 months and compare it with the healthy controls. METHOD Haemodialysis patients who were vaccinated either by BNT162b2 or CoronaVac® and who continued their regular controls for 6 months were involved in the study. Those who had previous or active SARS-CoV-2 infection, who had malignancies and those who had received immunosuppressive drugs in the previous 12 month were excluded from the study. SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were measured by a commercial test after the first doses of the vaccines and at the end of the sixth month. Healthy healthcare workers who were vaccinated with similar vaccine schemes were taken as the control group. RESULTS We recruited 85 haemodialysis patients who had received their first doses of either vaccine. Of them, 4 patients died; 3 patients were hospitalized because of COVID-19 infection during the follow-up; 9 patients missed at least one of their regular controls; and 2 patients were diagnosed with malignancy. A total of 26 patients experienced asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 infection during the follow-up period. SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels were measured at the end of the sixth month for the remaining 41 patients. Sero-positivity significantly decreased at the end of the sixth month for both vaccines, but the BNT162b2 group (n = 22) still had better seropositivity than CoronaVac® (n = 19) group (81% versus 50%; P = .03). In contrast, the seropositivity of healthy controls, even with the inactivated vaccine, was 96%. When one booster dose was applied, 90% of seropositivity could be maintained in the BNT162b2 group at the sixth month. CONCLUSION BNT162b2 vaccine generates more persistent antibodies than inactivated vaccines in haemodialysis patients. However, when compared with the healthy controls at the end of the sixth month, antibody titers decrease more profoundly in haemodialysis patients. The booster dose can maintain the antibody levels and should be applied at least every 6 months.


Most assembly planning systems first search for a disassembly sequence by identifying a part or subassembly to be removed recursively, and then generate an assembly sequence by reversing the disassembly sequence. To identify a part or subassembly to be removed, some of them verify whether the part or subassembly can be removed without any interference. However it is computationally very expensive. The authors propose a method that has the advantage of reducing the verification times. This method selects the candidates for the parts and subassemblies to be removed prior to the verifications, by checking the stability of them. This method also uses a genetic algorithm and heuristics to select the expedient candidates.


The invention relates to an integrated circuit comprising an integrated circuit substrate, a low-dielectric constant material layer, a barrier layer and a copper layer. The low-dielectric constant material layer is arranged at the surface of the integrated circuit substrate; and at least one groove is formed in the surface, far away from the integrated circuit substrate, of the low-dielectric constant material layer, wherein the depth of the at least one groove is less than that of the low-dielectric constant material layer. The copper layer is arranged in the at least one groove. The barrier layer arranged in the at least one groove is located between the copper layer and the inner wall of the groove and is a silanization self-assembled monolayer that is formed by 3-(2-aminoethyl)-aminopropyl trimethoxy silane or (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxy silane. In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the integrated circuit.


The Kidney in the Pathogenesis of Essential Hypertension.- 1. The Role of a Circulating Sodium Transport Inhibitor to Essential Hypertension.- 2. Atrial Natriuretic Factor.- 3. The Physiology and Cell Biology of the Renin-Angiotensin System in Hypertension.- 4. Prostaglandins and Hypertension.- 5. Kallikrein and Kinins in Epithelial Ion Transport.- 6. Renal Afferent Nerves: Evidence for a Role in Cardiovascular Regulation and the Pathogenesis of Experimental Hypertension.- 7. Renal Blood Flow and Function in Essential Hypertension.- 8. The Kidney and Experimental Hypertension.- The Kidney as a Target Organ in Essential Hypertension.- 9. Determinants of Exaggerated Natriuresis in Arterial Hypertension.- 10. Renal Hemodynamics in Obese and Lean Essential Hypertensive Patients.- 11. Sodium and Water Excretion in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure and Cirrhosis.- 12. Comparison of Renal Hemodynamics in Black and White Patients with Essential Hypertension.- Antihypertensive Treatment and the Kidney.- 13. Effects of Beta-Adrenergic Antagonists and Diuretics on Kidney Function in Hypertensive Patients.- 14. The Effects of Central Alpha-Adrenoceptor Agonists and Adrenergic-Neuronal Blocking Agents on the Kidney.- 15. Effects of Alpha1-Adrenoceptor Antagonists and Directly Acting Vasodilators on the Kidney.- 16. Diuretics and the Kidney.- 17. Converting Enzyme Inhibition and the Kidney: Effect on Potassium Homeostasis and Renal Function.- 18. Systemic and Renal Hemodynamic Effects of Enalapril in Patients with Essential Hypertension.- 19. Antihypertensive Treatment in Renal Failure.


Objective To explore on the curative effect of mifepristone combined with MTX in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy.Methods 102 inpatients with ectopic pregnancy underwent medicine therapy in our Hospital.They were divided into two groups:Group A(52 cases)was treated with oral mifepristone(RU486)combined with MTX single-dose(50 mg/m2)intramuscular injection,Group B(50 cases)was treated with oral mifepristone(RU486)only.Results Cure rate for ectopic pregnancy was90.38 % in Group A and 54.00% in Group B(P0.05),respectively.Conclusion The curative effect of oral mifepristone combined with MTX intramuscular injection is a higher than oral mifepristone(RU486)only in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy.