Fabric thickness and texture directly affect heat and moisture transfer characteristics in the human body–fabric–environment system, which determine the heat-moisture comfort level of the human body. Based on the model of steady-state heat and moisture transfer from skin to environment, we put forward an Inverse Problem of Thickness-texture Determination (IPTTD). Adopting the idea of the least-squares method, we formulate IPTTD into a function minimization problem. We employ Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method to directly search optimal solution of the objective function. The results of numerical simulation show the effectiveness of the presented algorithms and validity of the proposed IPTTD.


Pesantren is a basic for the development of human values. Education in pesantren pay attention to aspects of human potential as well as religious social beings, as well as individuals who have the potential to unleash capacities. This study sought to uncover implementation education in Pesantren Sya'fii Akrom Pekalongan whose perspective is religious humanism. The field research revealed that the process of learning between teachers and students occurs with intense interaction patterns that uphold human values and religion, so that education in pesantren Shafii Akrom is called religious humanism education. This can be seen in the well-built humanitarian values. The mutual respect, patience, diligence, discipline and values of tolerance developed become the main indicators of education based on the values of religious humanism.


E _MILY BRONTE," declared Lord David Cecil in his influential Victorian Novelists: Essays in Revaluation, "never casts a sideloncg glance; she is innocent of irony." Cecil later indirectly qualifies this assertion by admitting that Emily uses dramatic irony: "She makes her characters say something that has a prophetic significance, of which they themselves are unaware." 1 More recently, Thomas Moser, writing in Nineteenth-Century Fiction, has seen that Lockwood and Nelly Dean function as ironic contrasts, but he believes that this happens only in the first part of the novel, that in the last part "no irony intervenes." He indeed finds the conclusion "profoundly ironic," but sees "no evidence that Emily Bronte perceived that irony." 2 I would suggest that irony is pervasive in the novel, and that we need to be very careful in supposing that the author was not aware of it. For Emily Bronte had a complicated double vision. Her poetry is full of ironic insights; the whole Gondal story of Emily's and her sister Anne's fantasy realm-as it has been pieced together in Fannie E. Ratchford's Gondal's Queen: A Novel in Verse by Emily Jane Bronte~-is built on ironies of false hopes and misplaced trusts; and there is even an ironic quality in the life of "Ellis Bell," the dogged woman who saw the universe in a grain of Yorkshire sand, and commanded a weak body with a strong spirit, refusing medical assistance and virtually dying on her feet. She was not "innocent of irony," or in any ordinary sense innocent at all, although it is easy to see how the term has been prompted by some elements in her work and more in her background. Herbert Read


The volumetric efficiency for a 4 stroke, single cylinder, spark ignition engine is considered. The mathematical model for the gas exchange process was formulated and solved by numerical technique. The mass flow rate, the pressure time history in cylinder, intake and exhaust pipes, and the volumetric efficiency were calculated. The important parameter affecting volumetric efficiency was the pressure in the pipes. But, the effect of valve timing on volumetric efficiency was small. The experiments with 3 different cams were performed. The predicted results were compared with experimental data and satisfactory agreement was obtained. As a result, the volumetric efficiency could be predicted with a relatively simple mathematical model (a).


The fragility of banking system is an important subject relating to the development and safety of a countrys finance system. Starting with the problems in our countrys banking, the paper discusses the fragile foundation in Chinas banking system, and put forward some countermeasures to keep the stability of the banking.


Object The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in blood rheology in paitents with hepatocirrhosis accompanied by hemorrhage of upper digestive tract,explore the effect of frequent small bllod transfusion on it,after controlled hemorrhage and its clinical singnificance.Methods Thirty-four patients with hepatocirrhosis accompanied by hemorrhage of upper digestive tract were recruited into this study,10 days after controlled hemorrhage.These patients all underwent blood transfusion(200ml fresh blood or 2-unit concentrated erythrocyte) every month.Blood rheology data were obtained before and after 3 times blood transfusion,regular observed the liver function and further hemorrhage time interval.Results There were significantly elevation of whole blood specific viscosity(SV),blood plasma SV,fibrinogen,and hematocrit after treament,The frequent small blood transfusion led to reduce significantly in erythrocyte sedimentation,ALT,AST,TBiL,and significantly prolonged hemorrhage time interval further.Conclusions Frenquent small blood transfusion to patients with hepatocirrhosis could change the blood reology,remission illness state,prolongating the time interval of hemorrhage next occured.


Applying the fuzzy optimization theory to evaluate the quality of jet-grouting piles is proposed in this paper.Its principle,model and procedure are given.The method is applied to the fuzzy optimization and rank evaluation of four jet-grouting piles.It is shown that the fuzzy optimization theory converts the subjective factors to mathematical forms,and considers the important degree of all kinds of related factors and analyzes their indices quantitatively.It makes the evaluation and choice more scientific,more reasonable,more objective and more reliable.


The main purpose in this task is to sistematizes the existing knowledge in the literature that treats the relationships between Transformational Leadership (TL) and Organization innovations. The methodology chosen for the development of this task, it was bibliography research, through an systematic literature review in the SCOPUS database. The results demonstrate a predominant influence of transformational leadership in innovation processes, once a well-prepared, trained and qualified leadership for management , develops certain mechanisms to create an conducive environment to innovation and innovative processes, increasing in this way, a creative performance of employees.


The influence of the linear and nonlinear coupling parameters on the phase synchronization of chaos between two sub-systems with primary resonance is investigated by introducing the conception of the phase for a chaotic motion. The evolution process from non-synchronized state to imperfect phase synchronization and further to perfect phase synchronization between two sub-systems with approximate primary resonance is discussed. Further investigation reveals that the transition between different phase states are related to the critical change of the Lyapunov exponents. The results show that phase synchronization between two sub-systems is enhanced with the increase of the linear coupling strength and decayed with the increase of nonlinear coupling strength.


Nonlinear finite element analyses of brittle structures show mesh dependent results due to strain concentrations in localized regions or bands. The problem has been studied mainly for solid finite elements and appropriate remedies have been suggested to eliminate or alleviate the problem, especially for concrete in tension regions. This paper reports on an ongoing study on strain localization issues in frame analysis. The topic is of primary importance for the use of pushover and nonlinear dynamic analyses in performance-based engineering of new and existing structures. The discussion focuses on the bending response of concrete and steel specimens followed by simple tension and compression tests of concrete specimens. The study relies on the use of a force-based beam element that yields stable results even under element softening.


This article presents a straightforward production/inventory model that can capture the trade-offs among average inventory, production capacity and customer service levels in a semi-process industry setting. The model is based on well-known approximations from queuing literature, and it supports midterm planning procedures at SEPPIC, a large specialty chemicals company. Different features are specific to a semi-process setting, such as differences in reactor yield, variations in quality requirements across products, the need for cleaning reactors when switching between product types, and the requirement to produce products in campaign sizes that are integer multiples of the reactor's batch size. This article discusses how SEPPIC's operational reality is reflected in the model and illustrates the resulting insights with real-life data from two SEPPIC product families. [Received 22 September 2011; Revised 2 March 2012, 15 June 2012; Accepted 24 June 2012]


Thirty-seven (37) mature goats belonging to different purebred (i.e. Philippine Native, Anglo Nubian, Saanen) and F 1 crossbreeds (i.e. Nubian x Native, Saanen x Native, Boer x Nubian, Saanen x Nubian, Toggenburg x Nubian) were slaughtered to establish and compare breed standards in terms of carcass yield and quality, physical and chemical properties, and sensory properties of chevon. Carcass yield traits (slaughter weight, carcass weight, chilling loss, carcass length, weight of wholesale cuts, weight of internal organs and other body parts) and meat quality traits (marbling score, rib eye area, lean-bone ratio) were significantly different between goat breed groups (P<0.01). The significant breed differences imply the need for a separate trade and grading standards for different breeds of goats. Except for firmness, the physical properties (pH, water holding capacity, tenderness) and chemical composition of chevon did not vary between breed groups. While trends in the improvement of carcass yield traits in the crosses indicate upgrading the native goat or producing crossbreeds, no distinct advantage in improving meat quality, physical and chemical properties may be realized as a result of crossbreeding. On the other hand, the high juiciness, tenderness and general acceptability scores in the upgrades (i.e. Saanen x Native) and Philippine native goat emphasize the importance of conserving the Philippine Native goats despite their lower meat yield and quality compared to large-sized purebred and crossbred goats.


Questions
To what extent do fine-scale substrate variations affect the structure and diversity of rock outcrop vascular plant communities? How can we define the appropriate scale to measure fine-scale substrate heterogeneity in rocky systems?

Location
Nine rock outcrops in the Iron Quadrangle, a priority area for biodiversity conservation in southeast Brazil.

Methods
Geomorphology and rock mechanics methods were adapted to determine the appropriate scale to measure rock surface heterogeneity on granitoid, quartzitic and ironstone (canga) outcrops. Then, a roughness index was calculated from 60 microtopographic profiles in each lithotype to investigate the response of the plant community to this scale. The relation between surface heterogeneity and plant community richness, abundance, total plant cover and dominant species cover was quantified through linear regressions. A cluster analysis compared the percentage cover of functional groups in each outcrop, and diversity profiles were built based on Renyi's alpha. PERMANOVA was used to test for significant difference in the relative cover among the functional groups.

Results
The roughness index, scaled at 1 cm, had the best power to diagnose the presence of vascular plants. High surface heterogeneity was caused by high frequency of fissures, cracks and rock fragments. Linear regression models indicated that the community parameters are strongly related to variations in surface roughness. The community patterns revealed by the cluster analysis and the diversity profiles matched those of the roughness analysis. Dominant functional groups differed strongly between 'smooth' and 'coarse' microtopography. Desiccation-tolerant species prevailed in smooth outcrops, while sclerophytes and graminoids were better represented in coarse outcrops.

Conclusions
The composition of plant functional groups was affected by rock microrelief, and roughness was a significant predictor of plant community parameters. Functional group proportions reflected different adaptive plant strategies to two main stressful bedrock features: water shortage and mechanical resistance to root growth.


Although elected without having won the popular vote, George W. Bush set out to enact an ambitious legislative agenda designed, in part, to help secure a "permanent majority" for the GOP. In pursuing this agenda, Bush drew upon significant institutional advantages associated with the contemporary state of political parties, and he worked diligently to reinforce those advantages by dedicating himself to a party building effort unprecedented in modern politics. In this article I explore how these efforts may put into question the framework of realignment and propose instead a trajectory of presidential led parties.


Background:  To analyze the literature data on the features of examination of cardiac patients for the presence of complicated forms of reflux esophagitis, including gastrocardium syndrome. Conclusion:  The article considers modern methods of instrumental diagnostics used for the diagnosis of reflux esophagitis complicated by gastrocardium syndrome in a cardiological patient. It is noted that the implementation of a differential approach in the examination of a cardiological patient for the detection of reflux esophagitis complicated by gastrocardial syndrome is possible through the complex simultaneous application of several research methods. The use of a complex combination of instrumental diagnostic methods will contribute to obtaining more meaningful and reliable results aimed at eliminating the likelihood of untimely diagnosis in cardiac patients with reflux esophagitis complicated by gastrocardial syndrome, its manifestations of various nature, on the timeliness of which, in turn, depends on the timely correct diagnosis, as well as the choice of optimal treatment tactics.


BACKGROUND : Type 1 diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders among children worldwide. Hypothyroidism is more common in type 1 diabetes mellitus due to shared autoimmune propensity for both conditions. Both celiac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus are associated with major histocompatibility complex class II DQ peptides. Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and celiac disease often have subtle manifestations or are asymptomatic which can be easily missed. To study OBJECTIVES: the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and gluten sensitivity in children with type I diabetes mellitus. This study also compared the prevalence of asymptomatic and symptomatic gluten sensitive enteropathy in paediatric patients with type I diabetes mellitus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was conducted on 100 children (< 18 years) attending outpatient and inpatient department of Paediatrics, Bebe Nanaki Hospital, Govt. Medical College, Amritsar. Alongwith history and examination, investigations like HB, PBF, RBS, thyroid prole, tTg antibodies and IgA levels were done. Out of 100 children with type I diabetes me RESULTS: llitus, 69 children were having no celiac disease or thyroid dysfunction, 16 were suffering from celiac disease and 15 were having thyroid disorder. Out of 16 celiac positive patients, 2 were asymptomatic and 14 were symptomatic. Celiac disease and thyroid disorders t CONCLUSION: end to coexist with diabetes mellitus and they also inuence one another making glycemic management difcult without therapy for both conditions. Therefore screening for additional autoimmune conditions including thyroid disorder and celiac disease is advisable in children with type I diabetes mellitus.


I quantify the effect of firms' announcements of free software product/source code releases on their abnormal returns as well as their rivals'. A sample of 87 announcements from US News and Wires that are published between 1st of January 1999 and 31st of December 2010 is studied in the empirical analysis. The results suggest that giving away a firm's own software product/source code freely, on aggregate, leads to superior stock market performance than expected in financial markets for the focal firm contrary to the traditional theory on the protection of valuable knowledge. Moreover, I find positive effect of source code revealing on rival firm's market valuation.


Evaluation of export performance is a complex task because export performance can be numerous ways to conceptualize and operational. in this study explains model of the role of market centered and learning centered in business relationships with high quality that is lead to export performance and measurable variables in this study are market centered (Customer –oriented, Competitor-oriented, Inter-functional coordination), learning centered (Commitment to learning, Exchange view), Quality of relationships (Commitment, Satisfaction, Minimum of opportunism, trust), Export performance (Product development, Market Development). Statistical Society in this study is 128 export companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange and methodology is used descriptive - analytical based on causal models with emphasizing correlation branch and as a research tool is a questionnaire. To analyze the findings was used from structural equations Lisrel. Hypothesis test results show that is confirmed a positive relationship between the variables.


This paper focuses to study how the choice of Guldberg-Waage and Saha equations affects the thermodynamic properties and transport coefficients of SF6 plasmas under both thermal equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions. The species composition is numerically determined using two typical forms of two-temperature Saha equations and Guldberg-Waage equations that have appeared in the literature. The great influence of the choice of the excitation temperature on the plasma composition and hence the thermodynamic properties and transport coefficients is discussed as well. Transport coefficients are calculated with most recent collision interaction potentials by adopting Devoto's electron and heavy particle decoupling approach but expanded to the third-order approximation (second-order for viscosity) within the framework of Chapman-Enskog method. Furthermore, an analysis of the effect of different definitions of Debye length on the properties values was performed as well. The results are computed for various v...


INTRODUCTION
Perinatal Health Education (PHE) is designed to promote mother and child health. This study investigated the midwives' point of view concerning PHE and tried to identify their reported practices in this area.

METHODS
This was a descriptive, comparative study. Data were collected by means of an online questionnaire between June and December 2009. The study population was composed of voluntary midwives informed about the online questionnaire.

RESULTS
498 midwives took part in the study. Many PHE actions were reported. Private and public health midwives described themselves as being the most active in terms of PHE, especially "support actions". Purely informative actions were preferred (85% of midwives), revealing disparities in dissemination of information. Estimated difficulties in implementing PHE varied according to the type of practice e, with the exception of insufficient training (38 %). Most midwives agreed on the importance of their role in PHE (98%) and the efficacy of PHE for women (79%).

CONCLUSION
This study helps to more clearly define the diversity of PHE actions implemented by midwives. It also raises the issue of their initial and continuing training in this area and remuneration of PHE actions other than prenatal education.


We reduce the Cauchy problem for a heat equation with the nonlinear right-hand side which depends on some functionals to an equivalent integral equation. Considering mainly Banach spaces of continuous, bounded and exponentially bounded functions, we give some natural sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions to these equations. We give a counterexample which shows that the Lipschitz condition is, in general, insufficient for the Cauchy problem with unbounded data and with functional dependence to guarantee an existence result


Introduction: The presence of glucosuria is usually a red flag that leads to diabetes mellitus screening in pediatric patients. Despite this correct approach, high levels of glucosuria without hyperglycemia should raise suspicion for other diagnoses, namely renal tubular disease, such as Familial Renal Glucosuria (FRG).
A large number of mutations on the solute carrier family 5 member 2 (SLC5A2) gene, which encodes sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), have been reported to be responsible for the increase in renal excretion of glucose.(1)
Case Report: We report a case of a teenager, followed in our outpatient clinic for Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis type 2 (HyPP2), in which persistent renal glucosuria was fortuitously found. Genetic testing for SLC5A2 gene was conducted, leading to the identification of two mutations in the SGLT2 gene, both in heterozygosity, one in exon 14 (N654S), previously reported, and another in exon 2 (A94C), a novel mutation not yet described in population databases.
Discussion: The fact that our patient had mutations in two different genes from different chromosomes, both related to sodium channels and one of these not previously described, makes this case interesting. The key point is that it is important to be aware of these diseases and assess the child as a whole. Despite the apparent benignity of these two diseases, clinical surveillance must be tight. We advise avoiding prolonged fasting, a diet rich in carbohydrates and intense physical exercise.
Conclusion: In the presence of isolated glucosuria, without hyperglycemia, we should suspect Familial Renal Glucosuria. Familial Renal Glucosuria is a rare disease caused by mutation in SGLT2 gene. Exon 2 (A94C) in heterozygosity is a novel mutation not yet described in population databases. This is the first description of a patient with both Familial Renal Glucosuria and Hipokalemic periodic paralysis type 2. The association of both these diseases had not yet been reported.


How to apply HMM(hidden Markov model) to handwritten digit recognition is a valuable issue. Based on the characteristics of handwritten digit and feature extraction,the training and the parameter optimization of the HMM is studied. This method has been used in a bank check OCR recognition system, and has gained obvious enhancement in system performance.


Archeological, ethnographic, and ethnohistorical data provide ambiguous evidence of the dietary and economic importance of shellfish in Northwest Coast cultures. In the case of the Tlingit, I find that understanding shellfish from an emic perspective is critical to reconciling these equivocal data on economic importance. The Tlingit associated shellfish with poverty, laziness, and ritual impurity, and those who sought to be "ideal" persons avoided shellfish. An individual's rank and gender determined the degree to which such dietary guidelines were actually followed. The social and symbolic meaning of shellfish in Tlingit culture is partly explained by ecological factors, including the danger of paralytic shellfish poisoning. The analysis also reveals a number of biases inherent in the ethnographic and archeological data.


Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and erectile dysfunction (ED) are highly prevalent in aging men and are strongly linked. Alpha(1)-blockers such as alfuzosin are effective monotherapies for LUTS. Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors such as tadalafil are the first-line treatment for ED. Both drugs act by two different mechanisms of action on common urogenital target organs and, thus, may have additive effects. Objectives: We evaluated in vitro the effects of alfuzosin, tadalafil, and the combination of both on human detrusor and prostatic smooth muscle. Design, Setting, and Participants: Prostatic and bladder tissue were obtained from patients (n=20 and n=17, respectively) undergoing cystoprostatectomy for bladder cancer. Measurements: In organ baths, isolated prostatic strips and isolated bladder strips were incubated with vehicle, tadalafil (10(-6) M and 10(-5) M), alfuzosin (3x10(-8) M or 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M) or a combination. Concentration-response curves (CRCs) to norepinephrine were generated on prostatic strips and detrusor strips precontracted with carbachol. Strips were also submitted to electrical field stimulation (EFS). Results and Limitations: When alfuzosin and tadalafil were combined, the maximal relaxation to norepinephrine on carbachol-precontracted detrusor strips was significantly increased compared with tadalafil alone, and EFSinduced detrusor contractions were better inhibited compared with each compound alone. Tadalafil significantly inhibited norepinephrine-induced prostatic strip contractions by reducing the maximal effect, whereas alfuzosin shifted the CRC of norepinephrine to the right. Combining both tadalafil and alfuzosin resulted in a greater relaxant effect. Likewise, the combination was more effective at reducing EFS-induced contractions compared with each compound alone. Conclusions: The combination of alfuzosin and tadalafil exerts an additive effect of inhibiting adrenergic smooth muscle tone of prostatic tissue and EFS-induced detrusor contractions and conversely, of enhancing adrenergic relaxation of detrusor precontracted with carbachol. These experiments provide experimental support for the clinical investigation of the combination of alpha1-blockers and PDE5 inhibitors in the treatment of LUTS.


We conducted a preregistered, multi-laboratory project (k = 36; N = 3531) to assess the size and robustness of ego depletion effects using a novel replication method, termed the paradigmatic replication approach. Laboratories implemented one of two procedures that intended to manipulate self-control and tested performance on a subsequent measure of self-control. Confirmatory tests found a non-significant result, d = 0.06. Confirmatory Bayesian meta-analyses using an informed prior hypothesis (δ = 0.30; SD = 0.15) found the data were four times more likely under the null than the alternative hypothesis. Hence, preregistered analyses did not find evidence for a depletion effect. Exploratory analyses on the full sample (i.e., ignoring preregistered exclusion criteria; see supplemental online materials) found a statistically significant effect (d = 0.08), with data about equally likely under the null and informed prior hypotheses. Exploratory moderator tests suggested that the depletion effect was larger for participants reporting more fatigue but was not moderated by trait self-control, willpower beliefs, or action orientation. Paradigmatic Depletion Replication 3 A Multi-Site Preregistered Paradigmatic Test of the Ego Depletion Effect The theory of ego depletion was introduced in 1998 and quickly gained interest from scholars and lay audiences alike. Ego depletion is a theory of how self-control operates, with self-control defined as the capacity to alter a predominant response tendency, control impulses, and engage in volitional behavior. The central notion is that self-control operates like a limited resource, such that using self-control on an initial task renders subsequent self-control less successful than if not deployed earlier (Baumeister, Bratslavsky, Muraven, & Tice, 1998; Muraven, Tice, & Baumeister, 1998). The concept of ego depletion has been widely influential. The seminal article (Baumeister et al., 1998) has had "transformational" impact (Nosek et al., 2010, Supplement). In addition to a multitude of empirical articles, the theory inspired multiple new theories as well (e.g., Evans, Boggero, & Segerstrom, 2015; Inzlicht & Schmeichel, 2012; Job, Dweck, & Walton, 2010; see Baumeister & Vohs, 2016a, for a review). In short, the theory has been highly generative, both empirically and theoretically. In recent years the evidentiary basis of ego depletion has been challenged and, in response, we embarked on a multi-site, preregistered test of the phenomenon. Challenges to ego depletion have come in two main forms: Meta-analytic analyses (Carter et al., 2015) and a multi-site registered replication study (Hagger et al., 2016). Those investigations cast doubt on ego depletion theory but have been criticized on methodological and analytical grounds (Baumeister & Vohs, 2016b; Garrison, Finley, & Schmeichel, 2019; Friese et al., 2019; Inzlicht, Gervais, & Berkman, 2015). Germane to the current study is that the previous replication study used methods uncommon to ego depletion studies (see Hagger & Chatzisarantis, 2016, for a rebuttal). As a result, we Paradigmatic Depletion Replication 4 conducted a multi-site, preregistered study with methods more common to the literature and more paradigmatic of the construct. Paradigmatic Replication Approach The current approach tested a hypothesis derived from the theory of ego depletion and aimed to create a new model for replication studies. Termed the paradigmatic replication approach, it made multiple changes to existing models (see Spellman & Kahneman, 2018, for how the current project differs from others). Chiefly and briefly, the procedures did not draw from any one published study. Instead, candidate procedures were selected for how well they represent the phenomenon — hence the paradigmatic moniker. Table 1 outlines key elements of the Paradigmatic Replication Approach. Additionally, the paradigmatic approach involved crowdsourcing with experts in depletion research, scholars who sought to participate in data collection, and statistical advisors. Experts generated possible tasks for the study's procedures, focusing on their paradigmatic fit with the construct. Labs then vetted those tasks for whether they would provide good tests of the hypothesis and could be executed in their laboratories. We recruited a group of scholars with little or no prior connection to ego depletion research to serve as an Advisory Board. They made recommendations on data analytic models, data analysis procedures, and study preregistrations. Prior to data collection, the lead author (KV) created instructional videos for participating laboratories depicting mock experimental sessions and held virtual meetings with experimenters to answer questions. After completing data collection, laboratories sent their data to a handler who created a master dataset and blinded the data, which was then sent to the data analysis Paradigmatic Depletion Replication 5 team. The analysis team conducted preregistered analyses before sharing results with the lead authors (KV and BS), who then generated recommendations for exploratory analyses. Lead authors had access to the data only after the analysts had done their work (Table 1). Experimental Protocols Laboratories used one of two protocols. (The term protocol refers to each combination of independent and dependent variables.) The E-task protocol used a manipulation that varied instructions to cross out the letter "e" within printed text and measured subsequent self-control by persistence on unsolvable geometric puzzles. Both tasks are common in the published depletion literature (e.g., Baumeister et al., 1998; DeWall et al., 2007; Vohs et al., 2008). The writing task protocol used a manipulation that had people write a story with or without difficult instructions and a selfcontrol outcome measure involving answering questions that benefited from controlled cognitive processing. The Cognitive Estimation Test (CET; Bullard et al., 2004; Fein et al., 1998) is thought to require self-control because answers cannot be determined algorithmically or with declarative knowledge. These tasks also have been used in the depletion literature (e.g., Mead et al., 2009; Schmeichel, 2007; Schmeichel, Vohs, & Baumeister, 2003). The primary hypothesis concerned ego depletion. In line with the theory, we expected that people randomly assigned to use self-control during an initial task would show worse self-control subsequently, compared to people who did not use self-control initially. We expected the magnitude of the effect to be equivalent across protocols (see Paradigmatic Depletion Replication 6 preregistration, https://osf.io/952mv/?view_only=a81b3b1fd3e64898832cf19648b8c1dd). We chose manipulation checks common to the depletion literature, namely participants' reports of the difficulty of the initial task, degree of effort required for it, and feelings of frustration from it (Hagger, Wood, Stiff, & Chatzisarantis, 2010). Other selfreport measures included reports of being tired or fatigued. We predicted that compared to the non-depletion condition, people in the depletion condition would report that the initial task was more effortful and difficult—this was the primary manipulation check. We also expected the manipulation to make them feel more tired, fatigued, and frustrated. Additionally, Inzlicht and Schmeichel (2012) proposed that depletion hampers motivation, which we tested with self-reports of being motivated and wanting to do well on the outcome task. Inzlicht and Schmeichel's theory would predict lower motivation among people in the depletion, compared to non-depletion, condition. The original ego depletion model does not make this prediction and thus anticipates no differences in motivation. We tested potential moderator variables, both by states thought to arise from the manipulations and trait measures. On the former, we tested moderation by manipulation check responses, predicting that being in the depletion condition and reporting higher scores on those items would result in larger depletion effects. The more effortful, fatiguing, or frustrating the initial task, the more it should undermine subsequent selfcontrol performance (e.g., Clarkson et al., 2010; Dang, 2016). 1 The term depletion effect refers to lower performance on outcome tasks among participants who had previously exerted self-control. The term depletion condition refers to an initial task designed to require self-control whereas non-depletion condition refers to a task designed to require relatively less selfcontrol. Paradigmatic Depletion Replication 7 We tested potential moderation by individual differences as well. We measured beliefs about willpower (Job et al., 2010), decision-related action orientation (Kuhl, 1994), and trait selfcontrol (Tangney, Baumeister, & Boone, 2004). Each has been found to moderate depletion effects in prior research. We predicted that people who believe that willpower is a limited resource (Job et al., 2010) or are less inclined toward action orientation (Jostmann & Koole, 2007) would show stronger depletion effects. Findings on trait self-control are mixed, with stronger depletion effects found among people possessing higher (e.g., Dvorak & Simons, 2009) and lower trait self-control (e.g., DeWall et al., 2007), therefore we registered a research question with no firm predictions regarding trait self-control. Other project features aimed to track potential moderation variables. To assess differences in study execution, laboratories provided videos of experimenters, which were subjected to independent ratings. Other potential moderators included the number of publications by laboratories' principal investigators (PIs), number of depletion studies published by the PI, and laboratory location (see Supplementary Online Materials [SOM]). The study also collected demographic information. Demographic variables included gender identification (response options: femal


Few political institutions are as central to theories of lawmaking as the executive veto. Despite its importance, institutional continuity at the national level has precluded identification of empirical effects of the veto on legislative behavior. We address this limitation and present evidence from the states demonstrating how the veto affects the formation of legislative coalitions and, indirectly, executive influence over policymaking. We find consistent evidence that the presence and strength of gubernatorial veto powers affect the lawmaking behavior of state legislatures. Our analysis shows how institutional provisions condition executives' ability to affect policy outcomes in separation-of-powers systems.


The aim of this assignment is to examine externally funded PhD projects. Focus is on understanding both the implications for the PhD student and the supervisor, relative to traditional, faculty funded scholarships, where the PhD student formulates the project description. Summarising the main dif-ferences into two points, externally funded PhD projects are different because, firstly, the content of the PhD project is more or less decided in advance and, secondly, the PhD project is of direct interest to a greater number of persons. The implications of these two differences for the PhD student are discussed in the two following sections, while the following section considers the consequences for supervision. The assignment is based on four interviews with supervisors and PhD students involved in externally funded PhD projects. The main topic of the interviews was the benefits and challenges of being fund-ed by and related to a larger project. While the supervisors have supervised both externally and fac-ulty funded PhD student, the PhD students are naturally limited to one form of funding. Thus, their opinions on the benefits and challenges of being externally funded should be seen relative to the impressions they get from talking to PhD colleagues on faculty funded scholarships.


This paper presents a study in which learning practices of novice engineering students when programming and operating robot manipulators focus on the development of spatial skills. To provide the practices we unified workspaces of available robots, designed virtual robotic cells, and developed robot manipulation tasks with oriented blocks. We examined outcomes of the proposed practice for two categories of learners: Technion first-year students and tenth graders majoring in mechanical engineering at a vocational high school. The results argue for the educational value of the proposed learning practice.


Graph analytics on big data is currently a very active area of research in both industry and academia. To support graph analytics efficiently a large number of graph processing systems have emerged targeting various perspectives of a graph application such as in memory and on disk representations, persistent storage, database capability, runtimes and execution models for exploiting parallelism, etc. In this paper we discuss a novel graph processing system called System G Native Store which allows for efficient graph data organization and processing on modern computing architectures. In particular we describe a runtime designed to exploit multiple levels of parallelism and a generic infrastructure that allows users to express graphs with various in memory and persistent storage properties. We experimentally show the efficiency of System G Native Store for processing graph queries on state-of-the-art platforms.


An increasing number of parameter estimation tasks involve the use of at least two information sources, one complete but limited, the other abundant but incomplete. Standard algorithms such as EM used in this context are unfortunately not stable in the sense that they can lead to dramatic loss of accuracy with the inclusion of incomplete observations. We cast estimation with incomplete information as a source allocation problem, and show that instability occurs at a well-defined data-dependent source allocation. We introduce an algorithm that finds the critical allocation by tracing local maxima of the likelihood from full weight on complete data to full weight on incomplete data. Theoretical results support that such tracing is always possible in the exponential family by following the differential equation that governs the evolution of local maxima while changing allocation. Our approach finds in 0(n') in the number of model parameters the critical allocation along with a stable estimate. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm on artifically generated mixtures of Gaussians and on text classification with naive Bayes. The approach readily generalizes to other problems that feature from multiple sources of information. Thesis Supervisor: Tommi Jaakkola Title: Assistant Professor


Background AZD8055 is a small molecule ATP‐competitive inhibitor of the serine/threonine kinase mTOR that regulates cap‐dependent translation through the mTORC1 complex and Akt activation through the mTORC2 complex.


1 The anti‐inflammatory actions of dexamethasone on vascular and leukocyte responses in rabbit skin were investigated. 2 Neutrophil accumulation and oedema formation were simultaneously measured as the local accumulation of i.v. administered 111In‐labelled neutrophils and 125I‐labelled albumin. Systemically administered dexamethasone (3 mg kg−1) inhibited neutrophil accumulation induced by i.d. zymosan activated plasma (ZAP), N‐formyl‐methionyl‐leucyl‐phenylalanine (FMLP) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) when co‐injected with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Dexamethasone also inhibited oedema formation elicited by these stimuli and the responses induced by i.d. platelet activating factor (PAF) + PGE2 and bradykinin (BK) + PGE2. 3 Intradermal dexamethasone (2 × 10−10 mol per site) but not indomethacin (10−8 mol per site) inhibited oedema formation induced by i.d. ZAP + PGE2 and BK + PGE2. This inhibitory effect of dexamethasone was significant only with pretreatment periods of 4 h, shorter pretreatment periods resulting in greatly reduced effects. Intradermal dexamethasone had no effect on neutrophil accumulation induced by ZAP + PGE2. 4 Intradermal dexamethasone (2 × 10−10 mol per site) had no effect on increase in blood flow induced by PGE2 as measured by 133Xenon clearance. 5 The accumulation of neutrophils isolated from donor rabbits pretreated with i.v. saline or dexamethasone (3 mg kg−1) was investigated in untreated recipient rabbits. The accumulation of neutrophils, induced by ZAP + PGE2, FMLP + PGE2 and LTB4 + PGE2, from dexamethasone‐pretreated donors was significantly smaller than the accumulation of neutrophils from saline‐pretreated donors. 6 The results of this study suggest that dexamethasone can have a direct effect on vascular endothelial cells resulting in an inhibition of oedema formation. 7 Neutrophil accumulation can be inhibited by an effect of dexamethasone on the neutrophil itself or on the vascular endothelium. These results indicate that at least part of the inhibitory effect is on the circulating neutrophil induced by dexamethasone or a dexamethasone‐induced product.


The article deals with the basic principles of teaching Ukrainian folk dumas in higher educational institutions of Ukraine. Based on the principles of teaching Ukrainian folk dumas in higher educational institutions of Ukraine, we conducted an experimental study with further comparative analysis of the perception of dumas by Ukrainian and foreign students. We used the method of interview (including written feedback from students). The research was conducted in groups of Ukrainian and international students (from Africa and the Middle East) who studied at Sumy State University (Ukraine). 100 respondents aged 19-22 were interviewed. Students listened to audio recordings of Ukrainian folk dumas, analysed texts and gave written feedback about the perception of epic heroes and dumas in general. The results we obtained showed that teaching Ukrainian folk dumas based on the principle of close connection of teaching with the modern life of society and the principle of family-centrism helps students from different countries and cultures to recognise themselves as successors of traditions that form their spiritual world, an active life position and national identity in the context of modern globalisation processes. The use of these principles in teaching dumas promotes the students' individual perception of the learning content, reveals national specifics of the student's world outlook, deeply rooted in the genetic memory of generations and national psychology.


A control device of robot arm including a pressure sensing module and a control module is provided. The pressure sensing module, disposed on an operating portion of a robot arm, has a touch-sensing surface for detecting an operation command applied to the touch-sensing surface. The control module receives at least a pressure sensing signal outputted by the pressure sensing module and outputs a motor driving signal to the robot arm in response to the operation command. The touch-sensing surface includes a first touch-sensing region and a second touch-sensing region. The first touch-sensing region is for defining a first reference coordinate system satisfying a translational motion mode. The second touch-sensing region is for defining a second reference coordinate system satisfying a rotational motion mode. The control module controls the robot arm according to the operation command.


Retirement is a complex undertaking that is influenced by many factors. The variables influence the retirement experience either alone or in combination. Because the factors are intertwined, it is sometimes difficult to determine which are the most significant. The complex nature of retirement often leads to people being under prepared for the challenges they are likely to confront. Despite the importance of the retirement enterprise, there has been little research on the subject among black retirees in South Africa. This is especially true when it comes to the case of retired migrant workers. The purpose of the present study is to explore the experience of life satisfaction during retirement and adjustment to retirement of migrant workers when they return back to their communities of origin in the Eastern Cape Region, South Africa. Research participants for the study were retired persons (N=54) who were selected through snowball sampling method. The data for the study was collected using a Biographical Questionnaire, the Life Satisfaction Index-A, Adjustment Scale and Open-ended Interview Questions. Retired non-migrant workers were also included in the study in order to determine whether there are differences on these measures compared to retired migrant workers. The results of the study indicated that: retired migrant workers had significantly lower levels of life satisfaction and encountered more adjustment problems in retirement than retired non-migrant workers; retired migrant workers had less choice in their decision to retire than retired non-migrant workers; retired migrant workers did not participate in sufficient financial planning for their retirement; and financial situation significantly affects adjustment to retirement and life satisfaction during retirement.


The ability to write a scientific publications and works plays an important role in science. Different aspects of teaching academic writing were considered in the writings of scientists, in particular the peculiarities of writing skills and skills of foreign language students, approaches to the formation of academic writing skills in English language classes at medical universities, peculiarities of the methodology of teaching English writing (practical, academic and creative), content training courses on the formation of language competence from academic writing at separate stages of study (bachelor's, master's and doctoral studies), methods of teaching students writing in English. However, the features of academic writing in the field of computer science in the national scientific thought were considered insufficient. In the article, based on the analysis of theoretical studies on academic writing (J. Zobel, I. B. Korotkina) practical experience of forming an academic writing for future specialists (T. Babenko, L. Sazanovych), in particular future IT specialists (V. О. Safonov, O. S. Synekop), an understanding of the concept of "academic writing" is presented and the content component of the methodology of academic writing for future programmers is developed. Offered on the first and fourth courses to introduce elements of teaching academic writing future programmers in learning the disciplines "Introduction in specialty programmer" and "Methods of writing the diploma project". This approach will provide empiricism in research in the field of information technology and will prepare students for in-depth studies in a magistracy and postgraduate study, will allow us to teach future programmers to plan, conduct and describe research that involves the formulation of research questions, theory, data analysis (using both quantitative and qualitative methods), preparation of evidence, evaluation of the validity and publication. They will learn to use research methods, which are used for human interaction with computer technology: a controlled experiment, testing the software, efficiency of the calculation algorithms, the calculation of the economic efficiency of the developed software. In addition, we consider it appropriate to focus on the fact that despite the fact that at first glance, a programmer's professional activity has little to do with the writing, it is still an essential component of their daily work. In the future prospects of the study, it is planned to conduct an experimental study in order to find out the effectiveness of the proposed methodology of forming academic writing skills from future programmers.


In the article patriotism fundamental basis from the point of view of Christianity: love, faith, selflessness are considered. Rapport of faith and patriotism is analyzed. The relation of Christians to patriotism is explicated on the basis of the Holy Writ.


Politics in organizations is a fact of life. For years, personal experience and anecdotal evdence have supported a general blief that behavior in and of organizations is often political in nature, and a lot of antecedents may have an affect on perceptions of organizational politics. Based on the investigation of 1647 employees in 29 enterprises, this paper explored the factors that influence the perception of organizational politics in China and hopes to provide theoretical basis for the practice of human resources management at different levels.


The work, further to the historical reconstruction of the trade unions, is focused on the analysis of the constituent elements of a trade union, as well as on the analysis of the position of collective bargaining in the light of the recent law reforms in regard.


The results of aquatic organism toxicological bioassays of various materials derived from in situ retorting of oil shale are summarized. Selected fresh-water organisms were utilized as the test subjects in these preliminary screening studies. Three different types of test materials were evaluated: (1) unprocessed shale oil, (2) water generated by the in situ retorting procedures (retort water), and (3) a water sample obtained from an aquifer which runs underneath the in situ retorting site. For comparison purposes, a sample of crude petroleum from a Powder Wash, Colorado, was included in the study. The bioassay experiments were designed to elucidate tolerance levels (LC/sub 50/ values) following acute exposure of each test subject except the algae. The LC/sub 50/ values were determined under static conditions following 96 hours of exposure. Of the four types of samples tested, the unprocessed shale oil was the most toxic to the fresh-water species. The shale oil was also more toxic to algae than the other three test samples. A mildly toxic response was elicited in Gila balteata and Ephemerella grandis grandis by the in situ retort water. The tolerance levels were, however, at least two orders of magnitude greater than those observed for these organisms followingmore » exposure to the shale oil. No toxic effects were noted in the bioassays conducted with the water sample taken from the aquifer. Shale oil appeared to disperse more extensively in the water than the crude petroleum sample from Colorado. This could contribute significantly to the greater toxicity observed for the shale oil.« less


A challenging research issue of analyzing a real-time system is to model the tasks composing the system and the resource provided to the system. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic component-based model which abstracts in the interfaces both the functional and non-functional requirements of such systems. This approach allows designers to unify in the same framework probabilistic scheduling techniques and compositional guarantees that go from soft to hard real-time. We provide sufficient schedulability tests for task systems using such framework when the scheduler is either preemptive Fixed-Priority or Earliest Deadline First.


This paper presents a systematic control synthesis method in order to achieve auto-transition for KH-Lion, a tail-sitter hybrid UAV. Although there are huge potentials in various applications of the hybrid tail-sitter UAVs, the transition between vertical take-off and landing mode and cruise mode is still a challenge now. Due to the complex behaviour that the transition can generate, it is very difficult to implement the auto-transition as the reference transition trajectory is hard to obtain. In this paper, we propose to use the model validated from the experiments to generate an optimal reference trajectory for transition. A constrained dynamic programming technique is applied to the model with the consideration of all necessary constraints. A feedback control algorithm is also designed to track the desired transition trajectory. Simulation result and successful flight experiments have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed synthesis method.


In hypertension, the cardiorespiratory responses to peripheral chemoreflex activation (hypoxia) and inactivation (hyperoxia) are reportedly augmented, but the impact on peripheral venous function is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that in hypertensives, both hypoxia and hyperoxia evoke more pronounced changes in lower limb venous capacity and compliance, than in age-matched normotensives. In 10 hypertensive [HTN: 7 women; age: 71.7±3.7 yr, mean blood pressure (BP): 101±10 mmHg, mean±SD] and 11 normotensive (NT: 6 women; age: 67.7±8.0 yr, mean BP 89±11 mmHg) participants, great saphenous vein cross-sectional area (GSV CSA; Doppler ultrasound) was measured during a standard 60 mmHg thigh cuff inflation-deflation protocol. Separate conditions of room air, hypoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen [FIO2]: 0.10) and hyperoxia (FIO2: 0.50) were tested. In HTN, GSV CSA was decreased in hypoxia (5.6±3.7 mm2, P=0.041) compared with room air (7.3±6.9 mm2), whereas no change was observed with hyperoxia (8.0±9.1 mm2, P=0.988). In NT, no differences in GSV CSA were observed between any condition (P=0.299). Hypoxia enhanced GSV compliance in HTN (-0.0125±0.0129 vs. -0.0288±0.0090 mm2·mmHg-1, room air vs. hypoxia, respectively; P=0.004), but it was unchanged in NT (-0.0139±0.0121 vs. -0.0093±0.0066 mm2·mmHg-1, room air vs. hypoxia, respectively; P<0.541). Venous compliance was unaltered with hyperoxia in both groups (P<0.05). In summary, compared with NT, hypoxia elicits a decrease in GSV CSA and enhanced GSV compliance in HTN, indicating enhanced venomotor responsiveness to hypoxia.


Abstract : During mission ETR 1601, excellent long wave infrared ... data were obtained during the launch phase of Apollo 16 by the Lincoln Laboratory NKC-135 aircraft. Infrared hard body, core and plume measurements, primarily of Apollo 16 second stage (S-II) and early third stage (S-IVB) operation, were obtained during a seven minute continuous data coverage interval.


Mangrove ecosystem is important coastal ecosystem, both ecologically and economically. Mangrove provides rich-carbon stock, most carbon-rich forest among ecosystems of tropical forest. It is very important for the country to have a large mangrove area in the context of global community of climate change policy related to emission trading in the Kyoto Protocol. Estimation of mangrove carbon-stock using remote sensing data plays an important role in emission trading in the future. Estimation models of above ground mangrove biomass are still limited and based on common forest biomass estimation models that already have been developed. Vegetation indices are commonly used in the biomass estimation models, but they have low correlation results according to several studies. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data with capability in detecting volume scattering has potential applications for biomass estimation with better correlation. This paper describes a new model which was developed using a combination of optical and SAR data. Biomass is volume dimension related to canopy and height of the trees. Vegetation indices could provide two dimensional information on biomass by recording the vegetation canopy density and could be well estimated using optical remote sensing data. One more dimension to be 3 dimensional feature is height of three which could be provided from SAR data. Vegetation Indices used in this research was NDVI extracted from Landsat 8 data and height of tree estimated from ALOS PALSAR data. Calculation of field biomass data was done using non-decstructive allometric based on biomass estimation at 2 different locations that are Segara Anakan Cilacap and Alas Purwo Banyuwangi, Indonesia. Correlation between vegetation indices and field biomass with ALOS PALSAR-based biomass estimation was low. However, multiplication of NDVI and tree height with field biomass correlation resulted R 2 0.815 at Alas Purwo and R 2 0.081 at Segara Anakan.  Low correlation at Segara anakan was due to failed estimation of tree height. It seems that ALOS PALSAR height was not accurate for determination of areas dominated by relative short trees as we found at Segara Anakan Cilacap, but the result was quite good for areas dominated by high trees. To improve the accuracy of tree height estimation, this method still needs validation using more data.


The title synthetic method which undergoes without racemization, was explored employing sequential amidolysis with a secondary amine, alkylation with an alkyl halide under basic conditions, and reduction with sodium bis(methoxyethoxy)aluminium hydride.


Mari Velonaki is a media artist who has worked in the field of interactive installation art since 1995. Her practice engages the spectator/participant with digital and robotic "characters" in interplays stimulated by sensory triggered interfaces. Her principal contribution to the field of interactive art is in the creation of innovative human-machine interfaces that promote intimate and immersive relationships between participants and interactive artworks. She was awarded a Ph.D. in media arts by the College of Fine Arts, University of New South Wales in 2003. Velonaki's installations have been exhibited internationally. Since 2003, she has been working as an artist/researcher at the Australian Center for Field Robotics. In 2006, with Dr David Rye, she co-founded the Center for Social Robotics within the ACFR, at the University of Sydney. Mari is currently the recipient of the Australia Council Visual Arts Fellowship (2007–09).


The claimed subject matter relates to a floating ring designed to ensure strong adhesion between the stoma (ostomy) applications, specifically, the flanges and ostomy bags (ostomy bag) surround the small holes on the body of a patient. Existing ostomy device design will provide significant drawback of routine, high replacement costs and poor performance, the latter artificial abrupt of anal machine components, sudden and / or unexpected fear of not separating or stool leakage due to mechanical compromise concerned about, thus causing trouble. This method further includes the inconvenience caused by the mechanical stresses exerted on the target body.


Simple Summary Recent genomic studies have identified chromatin-spliceosome (CS)-acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as a new subgroup of AML. CS-AML is defined by several mutations that perturb epigenetic regulation, such as those affecting splicing factors, cohesin components, transcription factors, and chromatin modifiers, which are also frequently mutated in other myeloid malignancies, such as myelodysplastic syndrome and secondary AML. Thus, these mutations identify myeloid neoplasms that lie on the boundaries of conventional differential diagnosis. CS-AML shares several clinical characteristics with secondary AML. Therefore, the presence of CS-mutations may help to better classify and manage patients with AML and related disorders. The aim of this review is to discuss the genetic and clinical characteristics of CS-AML and roles of driver mutations defining this unique genomic subgroup of AML. Abstract Recent genetic studies on large patient cohorts with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have cataloged a comprehensive list of driver mutations, resulting in the classification of AML into distinct genomic subgroups. Among these subgroups, chromatin-spliceosome (CS)-AML is characterized by mutations in the spliceosome, cohesin complex, transcription factors, and chromatin modifiers. Class-defining mutations of CS-AML are also frequently identified in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and secondary AML, indicating the molecular similarity among these diseases. CS-AML is associated with myelodysplasia-related changes in hematopoietic cells and poor prognosis, and, thus, can be treated using novel therapeutic strategies and allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Functional studies of CS-mutations in mice have revealed that CS-mutations typically cause MDS-like phenotypes by altering the epigenetic regulation of target genes. Moreover, multiple CS-mutations often synergistically induce more severe phenotypes, such as the development of lethal MDS/AML, suggesting that the accumulation of many CS-mutations plays a crucial role in the progression of MDS/AML. Indeed, the presence of multiple CS-mutations is a stronger indicator of CS-AML than a single mutation. This review summarizes the current understanding of the genetic and clinical features of CS-AML and the functional roles of driver mutations characterizing this unique category of AML.


The open-air solar drying is a traditional method used for drying Gelidium sesquipedale in Morocco, an important commercial maritime specie of red algae existing in abundant quantities in the large Moroccan coast between Safi and EL jadida. However, this method is not professional and is time-consuming. Here, we present a modified design of a solar air heater destined to use as a component in an indirect solar dryer of Gelidium sesquipedale. We report the results of simulation of the thermal behavior of a modified simple back-pass solar collector in order to predict parameters influencing its thermal performances, such as the number and the diameter of perforations in the configuration, the airflow rate, the solar irradiance. To achieve this, a 3D simulation with finite element model (FEM) is built using the meteorological data collected at the chosen location during the regular harvesting period (July, August and September). The results show that the optimal simulated configuration of a flat plate solar collector is of seven symmetrical perforations of 30 mm diameter, and mass airflow rate around 60kg/h. The best conditions for drying algae are achieved using a solar collector facing south and inclined by 20° to the horizontal. The air outlet temperature will be in the range of 35 to 44°C that is relevant for low temperature drying of seven hours a day, safeguarding the quality of the red algae destined for processing.


Parents, students and teachers from St. John's Secondary College, Darwin have worked together to produce this interesting selection of slides and cassette recording. Students from 21 non-english speaking backgrounds talk briefly of their homeland, its characteristics, music, traditions and culture. This volume reflects the Multicultural nature of the student population of the schools in Darwin.


From the integration of multimedia technologies with electronic commerce,this paper discusses the application of multimedia technologies in electronic commerce process and electronic commerce enterprises,and linked with the development of multimedia network technologies,points out that the future technological research will be focused on multimedia network connection and transmission.


Doctor Clauberg was ordered by Himmler to conduct sterilization research on Auschwitz female inmates. On May 30, 1942, he wrote to Himmler and (...)


Abstract Background Aerodigestive diseases (AeroD) pathologically link respiratory and alimentary tracts. Dogs with respiratory signs lacking dysphagia, vomiting, or regurgitation typically do not undergo diagnostic testing that identifies comorbid alimentary disease. A videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) identifies defects in swallowing, reflux, and aspiration. Objectives/Hypothesis We hypothesized that dogs with respiratory and no alimentary disease (RESP) would have significantly more abnormal VFSS metrics versus controls (CON). We hypothesized RESP dogs with pulmonary parenchymal disease would have more reflux and higher penetration‐aspiration score (PAS) than those with airway disease. Animals Client‐owned dogs: RESP (n = 45) and CON (n = 15) groups. Methods Prospectively, all dogs underwent VFSS. The RESP dogs had advanced respiratory diagnostic testing. Eight subjective and 3 objective VFSS metrics (pharyngeal constriction ratio [PCR], PAS, and esophageal transit time [ETT]) were assessed. Fisher's exact test compared differences between groups (presence or absence of VFSS abnormalities). The Mann‐Whitney rank sum test was used to compare PCR and PAS. Results Subjective VFSS abnormalities were present in 34/45 (75%) RESP and 2/15 (13%) CON dogs, with RESP dogs significantly more likely to have VFSS abnormalities (P = .01). No difference in PCR was found between groups. Pathologic PAS was more common in RESP than CON dogs (P = .03). The RESP dogs with airway disease had higher PAS than CON dogs (P = .01) but not RESP dogs with parenchymal disease (P = .25). Conclusions Most (75%) RESP dogs had VFSS abnormalities, emphasizing that AeroD are common. The VFSS has value in diagnostic evaluation of respiratory disease.


Tillage that is not appropriate to the characteristics of plant type can easily causethe plants to wilt and plant growth is not maximal. These factors areoften the main cause of crop failure that is not known by the farmers. Therefore, an expert system is designed to detectthe soil fertility for types of plant using the fuzzy logic, which is expected to help the farmers in choosing the right types of plant with an appropriate of certain level of soil fertility. The measurement results obtained have been appropriate with the calculations and criteria of the land that has been entered.


The construction project management is a relatively comprehensive management.Construction project mode is diversified,such as entrust to a company to build an manage system,design-building,the mode that project management enterprises are engaged in building,etc.There are a certain questions in the trade realizes,on management system and on the function of the employer's organization,to these questions,have put forward the tactics that project management must take the road to standardized development of building.


Smaller gender differences in alcohol consumption are often interpreted to mean something about women's drinking, for example, that women are increasing consumption to men's levels. However, prior research is unclear. This study sought to determine whether variation in size of gender differences in alcohol consumption across the United States was due to male or female consumption. Data from the 2005 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to test the hypothesis that variation in size of gender differences would be associated with women's, but not men's, consumption. Pearson's correlations examined associations between gender-specific values of, and gender differences in, consumption in each state. The size of gender difference was associated with proportion of female, but not male, drinkers. Conversely, size of gender difference was associated with male frequency, five-plus frequency, volume, and risky drinking, but not female frequency, five-plus frequency, volume, or risky drinking. These findings suggest that smaller gender differences in cross-sectional studies cannot be interpreted as due to women's alcohol consumption.


This paper tries to stimulate a way of learning to live together, especially at school , because there are causes which are responsible for violence. When there is violence, there is no co-existence. That is why the first part of this work is centred on the description of physical, structural and cultural violence. But we also want to get out of this situation from which humanity has not yet emerged. Is it possible? We think so, but with one condition, which is that society should undertake without fear the creation of a peace culture. Finally, the third part of this work, tries to complete the discourse, asking for help from schools and to education. If education is able to teach us to live together, it will, not only manage to be an example of living together in itself, but also, it will help to create communication spaces in its surroundings. As always, we will be really grateful for its services.


Aluminium matrix composite is a type of innovative technical material that have applications in aerospace, automotive, biotechnology, electronics, and a lot more. Non-metallic reinforcements can be injected into an aluminium alloy to provide advantages over base metal (Al) alloys. Better mechanical properties, improved microstructure, and corrosion resistance are the benefits that have been noticed upon reinforcements. The proportion of reinforcement, kind, size, and forms of aluminium matrix are all important factors in improving mechanical and tribological properties. Investigation in the creation of highly advanced tailored materials using liquid and solid-state processes and the impact it has on the properties and application are the subject of this work. The current research summarizes recent breakthroughs in aluminium-based composites and other particle reinforcement effects. The experiment findings revealed that strengthening the aluminum matrix with reinforcements increased mechanical properties and improves the microstructure. Also, stir casting was seen to be the most popular liquid metal approach because of its cost effectiveness and processing parameters which could easily be adjusted and monitored. It is concluded that aluminum matrix composites have greater mechanical characteristics, microstructure, and corrosion resistance than unreinforced aluminum alloys.


At physiological temperatures, most biological membranes noticeably fl uctuate and these thermal fl uctuations appear to govern an astounding array of biological functions: cell adhesion, membrane fusion, self-assembly, binding–unbinding transition among others. In this discussion, I will: (i) critically re-examine the entropic repulsive force between two fl uctuating membranes and attempt to resolve a recent controversy on this issue, (ii) discuss the effect of curvature on thermal fl uctuations and, (iii) discuss the connection between thermal fl uctuations and electromechanical coupling in membranes –including implications for the minimum electric fi eld that can be detected by a cell.


TiC0.5N0.5-(2-18)vol%Mo2C-16.4vol%Ni alloys were sintered and HIP-treated at 1723 K, and then resintered at 1823 K. The microstructure, transverse-rupture strength at room temperature and 1273 K, etc. of the alloys were studied in relation to Mo2C content. The TRS at room temperature of the resintered alloy increased with increasing Mo2C content and attained a maximum with the Mo2C content of about 10%. The TRS and resistance to deformation at 1273 K became higher with increasing Mo2C content. The discussions on these results were given.


Nowadays, an automation technology confront with a difficulty in constructing
equipments for applications in the highvoltage side. Programmable logic controllers
(PLC) and other electronic components for example have to be protected against overvoltages
and in the case of electron beam systems also against x-rays. This is expensive
and not easy to achieve but possible. The project is consists of three stages. The first
stage demonstrates, through experimental on two parts of circuit boards inside the
highvoltage deck of electron beam accelerator unit; filament control circuit board and
beam control circuit boards. In these circuit boards, an analog signal flow from low
/ voltage sides via optical link cable to the ground and transmitted to the highvoltage side.
The calibrations are made to ensure it's operated correctly. The second stage is to
generate a new method of filament control and beam control circuit by constructing a
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) using the STEP 7- Micro/W1N32 and SIMATIC
WinCC software provided by SIEMENS AG. It is capable to operate under a
highvoltage potential. It uses a PROFJBUS technology as the central connecting link for
digital signal flow in the system. The advantages of digital solution are the speed of data
transmitting in both directions are faster and better signal to noise ratio (SNR) than
analog solution. Finally, as the circuits in both projects are operated under a highvoltage
potential, thus there will be a conflict with the transient voltage upon the components,
equipments and cables installed in the circuits. Therefore, in the third stage, one circuit
protection is created and examined to show transient voltage fault investigation methods
and possible solutions. At the end, this project is attempted to expand the automation
technology in highvoltage area and support future development in this area


152 original languages to the "spiritual or mystical sense of the sacred words, in which the mystery of Christ . . . was concealed" (115). O'Reilly analyzes Luis de Leon's use of two traditions of lectio divina in two versions of a poem based on the Ascension portrayed in the Book of Acts. Many scholars believe that Luis de Leon had an important impact on the way in which John of the Cross integrated Scripture into his works in poetry and prose. This chapter provides good background material for readers who are interested in the sources of John's approach to scripture. The sixth and final chapter of this work is an analysis of several bodegónes— paintings that combine still life in the foreground, with a gospel scene in the background—in the work of Diego Velazquez. Both works The House of Martha and Mary and The Supper at Emmaus ultimately focus on the juxtaposition of contemplation and action by framing each gospel story in the context of hospitality. O'Reilly analyzes each scene, often discovering and explaining puzzles by relating them to the devotional works based on Scripture and technical biblical commentaries that were normative during Velazquez life time. The Bible in the Literary Imagination of the Spanish Golden Age provides an excellent introduction to the biblical and cultural background of the great spiritual writers of this period. O'Reilly's conclusion that two scriptural "subcultures" existed is amply demonstrated in the text. One cannot help wondering, however, why he does not include Teresa of Avila as an excellent example of someone who would have acquired knowledge of scripture through indirect means. His analysis of John of the Cross's use of "distant isles" is very brief, given John's profound use of scripture in both poetic form and in his prose works. Perhaps this is due to the fact that he treated this subject more extensively in other publications (referenced in the bibliography). Terence O'Reilly is to be congratulated for opening up an important field of inquiry that traverses both the literary culture and spirituality of the Golden Age. His work is based on solid scholarship that is relevant and beautifully presented in this very fine volume.


The contemporary sport configures the search for profits and its innumerable forms of manifestation. This characteristic occurs by the diverse incorporations of the sport in distinct forms of culture, beyond objectives, expectations, possibilities and limitations, of the part of the practitioners, who delimit the practical forms. The Conception of the manifestation sport forms model is a systematization of the possible sources of this phenomenon in the society of XXI century. It is configured for the analysis of three categories that compose the manifestation forms of this object: the environment of the practical one, the modality in question and the mean that takes this activity. In accordance with the combination of these factors, is overcome a manifestation form, that will transmit specific moral values to the involved citizens. Key-Words: Sport; Moral values; Society; Education.


1. A process for the production of C2- and C4-oxygenates by anaerobic fermentation using karboksidotrofnogo microorganism which produces at least ethanol or butanol, the method comprises (a) preparing a sulfuric additive comprising an inorganic sulfur compound S (II) -S (IV ), which promotes the formation oksoanionami sulfur in an aqueous fermentation medium; (B) contacting microorganism microbial culture substrate comprising carbon monoxide; and maintaining a microbial culture in a fermentation medium comprising sulfuric additive at pH less than 5.3; and (c) isolating one or more C2- and C4-oxygenates from fermentation sredy.2. A method according to Claim. 1 wherein is reduced by (a) contacting a microbial culture karboksidotrofnogo microorganism with the substrate comprising carbon monoxide, and culturing the microbial culture under anaerobic conditions in a first fermentation zone containing a cysteine at a first concentration in the production of ethanol or acetate cysteine levels, with yield grown on cysteine microbial culture in a first fermentation zone; (B) adding cysteine grown on the microbial culture to the second fermentation zone containing sulfuric additive comprising an inorganic sulfur compound, having the oxidation number of +2 to +4, to a second fermentation zone formed anions consisting of sulfur atoms in combination with oxygen atoms and / or hydrogen, and the cysteine present at a lower concentration than in the first fermentation zone; (C) adding the substrate to a second fermentation zone for its conversion to at least one C2-oxygenate; and (d) separating one or more C2-oxygenates from fermentatsii.3 second zone. The method of


According to the building sunshine theories, This article analyzes the change of the sunshine about residential building without occlusion and the influence of different layout, horizontal position and floor on the sunshine of residential building with occlusion. The analysis of sunshine environment about residential building plays an important role in planning of residential quarter and that the real estate company provides sunshine indexes of apartment to their clients.


There isn't doubt about many contributions made by behaviorism in psychology: contributions conceptually, methodologically, in the fi eld of clinical applications, educational, organizational and everyday life. Nevertheless, there are many criticisms it has received; related mainly to philosophical questions such as: which is the validity of its conception with respect to the nature of psychological events? Some critiques relating to its manner of explaining behavior: is it valid to assume that psychological phenomena are explained when are established the variables that control and predict conduct? And, is this form of explanation consistent with the conception of explanation by theories that refl ect an underlying reality as is usually done in other disciplines? At the gateway marks a century of making the behaviorism program, it is important to evaluate its profi ts, to determine its limitations and in particular, to review how much progress has been made towards establishing a comprehensive system based on the analysis of the behavior, that allows to psychology being a natural science with disciplinary and professional unit.


Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of lung resistance protein(LRP) and glutathione-S-transferase-π(GST-π) gene in cervical cancer.Methods Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was performed to examine the expression of LRP and GST-π in 52 cases of cervical cancer tissue and 10 cases of normal tissue.Results The positive rates of LRP and GST2-π expression in cervical cancer tissues were 66.7% and 59.5%,respectively.LRP could not be detected in all normal cervical tissues and GST-π could be observed in 1 case of normal cervical tissue.The expression level of LRP and GST-π in cervical cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal cervical tissues(P0.05).The expression of LRP and GST-π were not correlated with lymph node metastasis,tumor differentiation and clinical stage(P0.05).The expression of LRP and GST-π was not correlated with each other.Conclusion Expression level of LRP and GST-π might be correlated with intrinsic resistance of cervical cancer,and detection of LRP and GST-π expression could guide the selection of clinical treatment plan and the individualized chemotherapy for patients with cervical cancer.


The concept of anti-fuzzy subsets is introduced, based on that, the definitions of anti-fuzzy subrings and addition,subtraction,multiplication of anti-fuzzy subsets are given; and anti-fuzzy subrings is reduced by addition,subtraction,multiplication of anti-fuzzy subsets;the properties of anti-fuzzy subrings are discussed.


Differential evolution (DE) has been extensively applied to continuous problems, its mechanics naturally lending themselves to such. While some efforts have been made to adapt it to combinatorial problems, these have largely been problem specific and have not dealt extensively with constraint handling beyond penalty approaches. In this paper, a simple and generic strategy, relying on pre-developed heuristic units, is applied to DE and the generalised assignment problem. In addition, a simple, parameter-free approach to adapting control parameters is used. The results are competitive with other well established meta-heuristics. However, there is still scope for further improvement in the way that DE may be applied to constrained combinatorial optimisation.


Higher growth rate and morphological traits have been the major criteria for selecting trees classified as improved in breeding programs. The symbiotic associations between P. pinaster and ectomycorrhizal fungi can be an effective approach to enhance plant development. The aim of this work was to assess whether the establishment of mycorrhizal symbiosis at nursery stage was affected by tree breeding. P. pinaster improved and non-improved seedlings were inoculated with compatible ectomycorrhizal fungi: Suillus bovinus, Pisolithus tinctorius or Rhizopogon roseolus, and grown in individual cells containing forest soil, in a commercial forest nursery. Growth and nutritional traits, colonisation parameters and the fungal community established were assessed. R. roseolus and P. tinctorius were the most efficient isolates in promoting plant development. Inoculated improved saplings had an overall superior development than their non-improved counterparts, with up to a 4.9-fold in root dry weight and a 13.6-fold increase in the total number of ectomycorrhizal root tips. Differences in fungal community were revealed through the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profile of each treatment. The results from our study suggest that improved seedlings benefit more from the mycorrhizal association and therefore this could be a valuable biotechnological tool for the nursery production of improved P. pinaster. Acknowledgments This work was supported by FCT Project PTDC-AGR-CFL-111583-2009 and PEstOE/EQB/LA0016/2011. The authors acknowledge Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia and Fundo Social Europeu (III Quadro Comunitario de apoio) for the research grants of Nadine R. Sousa (SFRH/BPD/89112/2012), Albina R. Franco (SFRH/BD/47722/2008) and Rui S. Oliveira (SFRH/BPD/85008/2012).


Materials are the physical basis and carrier of product design, and the selection of materials is an important part of
product design. With the continuous exploration of materials, smart materials have become a hot topic in science and
technology innovation. This study uses the winning entries of industrial design awards in the past five years as the data
source, and 54 design entries using smart materials for innovative design were obtained after retrieval. The current
status of the application of smart materials in product design has been summarised through classification analysis, case
analysis and comparative analysis. It is found that the integrated innovation of smart materials and product design is still
relatively simple. There is still a lot of space for the development of the application of smart materials in product design.
In terms of the existing ways of integration of smart materials and product design, this study proposes that the future
integration of product design and smart materials can be innovated from biology, ecology, sensing and computing
perspectives through methods such as bionic design, sustainable design, personalised design and parametric design.
This study provides a reference for the application of smart materials and new creative expressions in future product
design and proposes a new trend for the integration of smart materials and product design in the future.


In the article, the author summarizes her work experience as a teacher of music literature at the theoretical department of F. Chopin College of Music. A historically continuous interaction between literature and music is doubtless. It can be seen, namely, in T. Mann's deliberate referring to music regularities when creating a philosophical novel and in A. Deblin's seeing music as a sort of model for literature. Understanding contacts between literature and music of the same period contributes to enlarging students' field of interests in literature. Referring to the works by the genius authors (A. Pushkin, J.W. Goethe) and to mythology determines new perception of music. In general, music is included in a broad semantic and aesthetic context. Meanwhile, perception of literary works is also enriched thanks to their correlation with the artistic personalities of J.S. Bach and W.A. Mozart. For example, one can notice how the unique personality of Mozart reveals itself in the light of the exclusively semantically concentrated Pushkin's text. As a result, this direction contributes to achieving the goals of the musicology course at college.


A traditional village is cultural property where old buildings and traditions are concentrated and also where indigenous traditional cultures can be recognized and experienced directly or indirectly. In addition, traditional villages have been recognized as precious resources to revitalize regional economies through tourism. Currently, signage systems have been developed as for ordinary tourist sites or cities, and concepts or methods for sign system for traditional villages have not yet been established. Therefore, it is necessary to develop disaster prevention-based signage to prevent large-scale disasters, to guarantee the safety of residents, and to increase the satisfaction of visitors in traditional villages as precious resources. A case study is conducted to apply the proposed sign system for traditional villages in Korea and Japan as a tourist-oriented sign system that has been accomplished in Korea and a large disaster-oriented sign system developed with residents as a priority in Japan. The disaster prevention sign system considers the residents since residents are victims when a disaster happens, and guideline to increase the efficacy and satisfaction are suggested. However, this study has definite limits in sucring objectivity because the objects of study are insufficient, and the development of the sign system based on effective disaster prevention considering the features of traditional villages will continue in the future.


In conclusion, tetracycline hydrochloride is an effective and safe sclerosant for the treatment of hydrocele with entailing minimal side effects and low recurrence rate. However, it should not be recommended for the treatment of spermatocele in younger men who still wish to have children, because of the danger of drug epididymitis and resulting infertility. Hydrocele treatment can be performed in younger men who still wish to have children.


Introduction. The development of information technology makes it possible to create systems that improve business operations and optimize the management decision-making process. Insufficient level of implementation of modern information technologies by companies only hinders the achievement of significant competitive advantages. The connecting link between the business sector, its needs for effective operation, taking into account the requirements of stakeholders and the field of information technology, is business analysis.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the activities of a business analyst in the enterprise, in particular his functional responsibilities in conducting marketing research.
Results. The subject of business analysis is one of the functions of management, which reflects the technological stage of the decision-making process of change in business under the influence of internal and external factors and it is reduced to the analytical support of these decisions. The object of study of business analysis in the practice of marketing research is the activities of companies aimed at making changes in the business, based on the requirements of stakeholders.
In the method of business analysis can be identified specific features, the presence of which is due to its focus on justifying management decisions in the field of business change: systematic and comprehensive approach, normative, continuity, adequacy, adaptability, uncertainty and risk. The object of business analysis is a system that operates and is constantly evolving and improving. In this regard, a list of the most important tasks should be identified, without the study of which the result cannot be considered complete.
Conclusions. The method of business analysis as a direction of economic analysis is considered as a systematic comprehensive study of the business itself and its environment in order to ensure change that meets the needs of all stakeholders. A systematic approach to business analysis means that all tasks must be fully addressed. Companies can use business analysis in different ways: they can make it a necessary element of the management system, and can use some of its elements. Accordingly, the scale of business analysis will change.
Keywords: business analysis, business analyst, marketing research, stakeholders, management decisions.


This article examines the historic uses of the phenomenon recently defined as 'Deep Politics' to shed light on the underlying realities of the contemporary War on Terror. Deep Politics describes the multiple uses of misinformation to marshal public sentiment in directions desired by dominant political and economic forces. Facing the reality of Deep Politics today can be a disillusioning experience for those wedded to the rhetorical tropes of democracy, human rights and the rule of law. However, as the article attempts to illustrate, drawing on indigenous knowledge practice, disillusionment can be the first step in a longer process of cultural healing, away from naïve realism to an appreciation of the sacredness, or wholeness, of life, and the courage to face and deal with the broader truth of things.


The present study was carried to evaluate the adsorption potential of yam peel activated carbon as adsorbent for the removal of Erichrome Black T (EBT). The adsorbent was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM).The Adsorption was carried out as a function of adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial concentration, pH and temperature using batch method. Equilibrium data were analyzed through isotherms, kinetic and thermodynamic modelling. The experimental adsorption isotherm data fitted well with Freudlinch in comparison to the other models tested. The n values obtained were greater than one indicating a favorable physical adsorption. The mean free energy (Ea.) from D-R was found to be <8 kJ/mol indicating physiosorption of the adsorbate onto adsorbent. Kinetics data were analyzed using pseudo first order, pseudo second order Elovich and intraparticle diffusion models. The results revealed that the adsorption was best described by pseudo second order model. Study of the thermodynamic behavior revealed a negative value of ΔG and positive values of ΔH and ΔS indicating spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process. The results of this study reveal that the yam peel can be utilized as a good adsorbent for the removal of dye from aqueous solution.


East is east and west is west, as Colors magazine found out when it launched its Russian-language version. Readers were baffled and the translators have much to answer for


: Danau Toba is one of the five Super Priority Destinations. The issue of this study is gastronomic tourism and Muslim travelers. Gastronomic tourism can be an alternative tourism to natural attractions. When visiting Danau Toba it is not easy for tourists to find Muslim-friendly restaurants, therefore the issue becomes one of the concerns of the government due to the facts that most tourists are Muslims from neighgouring countries, like Malaysia and Singapore. The research used indepth interview techniques to pentahelix stakeholders namely; Academician, Business, Government, Community, and Media (ABGCM) regarding the food that represent Danau Toba. The findings indicate that there are seven foodies culture from Danau Toba that represent its gastronomy tourism. This study has a high originality by the reasons that when other studies are only identify and inventory the food items, this study include discussions on the complexity of food that correspond to three gastronomy indicators.


The 35,252 acre Department of Energy Oak Ridge Reservation (ORR) in the western portion of the Appalachian Valley and Ridge Province in Tennessee, has been a nuclear production and development facility for50 years. Contaminants in the many waste sites on the ORR include a wide variety of radioactive isotopes as well as many organic and inorganic compounds. The locations, geometry, and contents of many of these waste sites are reasonably well known, while others are poorly known or unknown. To better characterize the reasonably well known sites and search for additional potentially environmentally hazardous sites, a two-phase aerial survey of the ORR was developed. Phase I began in March 1992 and consisted of aerial radiation, multispectral scanner, and photographic (natural color and color infrared) surveys. Phase II began in November 1992 and is described in this report. Phase II consisted of helicopter electromagnetic (HEM), magnetic, and gamma radiation surveys. Targets of the survey included both man-made (drums, trench boundaries, burn pits, well heads) and geologic (fractures, faults, karst features, geologic contacts) features. The Phase II survey has three components: testing, reconnaissance, and high-resolution data acquisition. To date, the testing and reconnaissance data acquisition have been completed, and some of themore » data have been processed. They indicate that: (1) magnetic and HEM data are complementary and do not always highlight the same anomaly; (2) under favorable circumstances, helicopter magnetometer systems are capable of detecting groups of four or more 55-gal drums at detector altitudes of 15 m or less; (3) HEM data provide data that compare favorably with surface data collected over burial trenches, (4) well casings may be related to magnetic monopole anomalies, as would be expected; and (5) changes in HEM and magnetic anomaly character are related to lithologic changes and may be used to track contacts between known outcrops.« less


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is recommended in patients with cT2-4aN0M0 muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). However, the relationship between the tumor microenvironm...


In retrieval-based dialogue systems, a response selection model acts as a ranker to select the most appropriate response among several candidates. However, such selection models tend to rely on context-response content similarity, which makes models vulnerable to adversarial responses that are semantically similar but not relevant to the dialogue context. Recent studies have shown that leveraging these adversarial responses as negative training samples is useful for improving the discriminating power of the selection model. Nevertheless, collecting human-written adversarial responses is expensive, and existing synthesizing methods often have limited scalability. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a simple but efficient method for generating adversarial negative responses leveraging a large-scale language model. Experimental results on dialogue selection tasks show that our method outperforms other methods of synthesizing adversarial negative responses. These results suggest that our method can be an effective alternative to human annotators in generating adversarial responses. Our code and dataset will be released if the paper is accepted.