From an examination of the results of a number of investigators it is shown that while there is general agreement as to the validity of Steinmetz's expression ηB
 x
, where x is a constant index, for the hysteresis loss at flux densities up to about 10 000 C.G.S. units, there are considerable divergences between the results of different experimenters at flux densities above that value, particularly in tests on sheet material. Some find Steinmetz's law to apply closely up to the highest flux densities at which tests could be carried out, whilst others record more rapid variations of hysteresis loss with B in the region of B = 10 000-16 000. The extent of the departure from Steinmetz's law also varies considerably, some observers finding a maximum exponent of approximately 2.0 and others obtaining values as high as 3.2. In the paper a series of tests, both by a.c. and ballistic methods, on a wide range of sheet materials is described. The results of this appear to confirm the increase in the exponent of B in the expression for the hysteresis loss at values of B between 10 000 and 15 000. They also show comparatively little difference between the various specimens of sheet material tested. The construction of a new Lloyd square for tests at still higher flux densities, and a further, more detailed, series of tests, both a.c. and ballistic, on a representative specimen of each type of material, making use of this square, are then described. These tests were carried up to B = 17 000 or 18 000 and, while confirming and extending the previous results of increased exponents of B for values up to 16 000, they indicate a rapid decrease in the exponent at the highest values of B employed.


Motion compensation with spatial transformation has proven to be more efficient than that of the conventional block matching technique. In this paper we report on the application of bidirectional usage of this technique in improving the coding efficiency of interframe coders further. Bidirectional block matching used in the standard video codecs, such as MPEG and H.263, has improved the coding efficiency of these codes over their H.261 predecessors. This is because in the unidirectional motion compensation, motion of the uncovered objects cannot be compensated unless access to future frames can be made. In our codec the motion estimation is carried out with the spatial transform. For reduction of the motion vector overhead we have segmented the image and quantized the neighboring motion vectors. We report on the optimum number of bidirectional motion compensated pictures for various bit rates, ranging from 32 kbit/s to 64 kbit/s.


FDI inflows reached a new high in 2007 in the CEEC region as a whole. Within the region, the shift of new investments to the East continued a decline or at best stagnation was recorded in the NMS, modest growth in Southeast Europe, and a boom in the CIS. For the first time, the four European CIS countries received more FDI than the NMS-10, which was mainly due to the continuing investment boom in Russia. In the NMS the stock of FDI is shifting from manufacturing to services, first of all to real estate and other business activities. The current account impact of FDI in connection with the investment development path is investigated in a special section. FDI inflows to the CEECs will face a setback in 2008. This expectation is confirmed by preliminary first-quarter data. Lower FDI flows to CEECs have to do with the global financial turbulence, the declining rate of economic growth in Europe and also with home-made problems and cyclical events in some of the countries. The analysis is followed by two sets of tables Tables I contain total flow and stock data according to the respective countries' National Banks while Tables II provide more detailed FDI data by economic activities and by countries. The main source of data are the National Banks of the individual Central, East and Southeast European countries. FDI flows are taken from the balance of payments, stocks from the international investment position statistics. The print (PDF) version includes data on FDI total inflow/outflow in EUR and USD, 2000-2007 FDI total inward/outward stock in EUR and USD, 2000-2007 FDI per capita (flow, stock) and selected other reference parameters on FDI, 2000-2007 FDI inflow/outflow by form in EUR, 2000-2007 FDI income (inflow and outflow) in EUR, 2000-2007 FDI inward/outward stock data by activity (NACE A-Q, DA-DN), 2003-2006 or 2004 2007 FDI inward/outward stock data by home/host country, 2003-2006 or 2004-2007 The CD-ROM version contains in addition longer time series from 1990 onwards (as far as available) more detailed breakdown by industries (NACE 15-37) FDI inflow/outflow by activity (NACE A-Q, DA-DN, 15-37) and by home/host country - available for some countries FDI stock by form


The concept,basic function and classification of the handbag were analyzed in this paper,and a concept of interactive handbag was presented.And then it discussed that the interactive handbag was able to convey information between the audience and the design carrier in the interactive progress and made the designer,handbags and audience all form an interactive state.That the interactive handbag can be designed from psychological or behavior interaction with the audience was presented combining with typical cases,and it made the handbag interact people each other and it reached the purpose of conveying information quickly.


(1) The transition to a knowledge-based economy (Lisbon European Council 2000) requires modernisation and continuous improvement of vocational education and training (VET) systems in response to rapid change in the economy and society, so that they can help increase employability and social inclusion and improve access to lifelong learning for all, including disadvantaged people. (2) The Barcelona European Council in 2002 set the target of making Europe's education and training systems a world quality reference by 2010.


Introduction : World Health Organization defines Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) as a syndrome characterized by sudden and rapid weakness of the extremities. The outbreak of wild polio virus in Borno State in August, 2016, necessitated intensive responses in the northern parts of Nigeria with several Polio Immunization Plus Days activities. This study aimed at descriptively characterization of AFP in Nigeria, with a view of identifying the population at risk of AFP, to assess the health seeking behavior of patients with AFP and to determine the pattern of paralysis. Methods : we did a retrospective descriptive data analysis of AFP cases in Nigeria from January to December, 2015. We obtained data from National Primary HealthCare Development Agency. The cases were analyzed descriptively in terms of person, place and time using Epi info 7. For person, we analyzed in terms of age, gender, vaccination status and pattern of paralysis. Place was analyzed in terms of location and specific prevalence. For time we plotted a bar chart of proportion of cases by month of the year to note which month had the most cases. Results : total AFP was 13,980 and 7,894 (56.47%) were males. The mean age of cases was 3 years .Less than 5 years had the highest number of AFP cases 5933 (77.30%). Kano State recorded the highest number of AFP cases 1,338 (9.98%) and prevalence of 60 per 100, 000 population .The highest number of cases was seen in the month of June. Most patients, 8,080 (58.12%) sought care from home. 60 (0.43%) cases had not received any dose of oral polio vaccine while 12,228 (87.5%) received at least four doses of oral polio vaccines. Left leg was most affected 8,783 (63%). 13,337 (95.4%) had complete paralysis after three days. A total of 10,233 (73.2%) cases had asymmetrical paralysis and those with sudden flaccid paralysis were 13,807 (98.8%). Conclusion : no wild polio virus was isolated as the vaccination status of cases was good. Most cases had asymmetrical paralysis and sought care at home. Health promotion was instituted to encourage patients to seek care in health clinics to improve outcome.


The present invention provides a method for preparing high purity gallium, comprising the steps of: preparing a predetermined concentration and a temperature above the melting point of gallium hydroxide solution as the electrolytic solution; formulated electrolyte was charged in the electrolytic cell; produced as a gallium source the electrolytic cell anode and cathode plates; the anode plate and the cathode plates are charged to the electrolytic cell anode region and the cathode region; cycle start electrolysis of the electrolytic bath, a solution of direct current, to obtain a cathode region in the cathode electrolysis zone gallium; solution after completion of the direct current, the cathode region gallium electrolytic bath is removed and sent to a temperature below the crystallization placed in the melting point of gallium, for crystallization, to thereby obtain crystals of gallium. The method of the present invention is prepared by electrolytic purity gallium - crystallization joint, so that a low impurity content of products, high pass rate, simple preparation process, low investment, a single set of equipment capacity and energy saving can be improved.


Donald S. Baim; William Grossman, eds. 960 pp. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000. ISBN 0-683-30741-X Jeffrey W. Moses, MD Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute New York, NY

As the number of cardiac catheterizations proliferate and therapeutic invasive procedures performed in the cardiac catheterization laboratory grow in importance in the comprehensive care of cardiac and extracardiac vascular disease, the need for a catheterization "bible" grows greater. Cardiologists are becoming more rooted in angiography and are in danger of becoming, as one critic of invasive cardiologists called them, "photographers." Data analysis has become increasingly automated, and image making and processing are now completely digitized; thus, the working cardiologist is confronted with few demands to directly interact with the creation of the data on which critical clinical decisions are made. This is particularly true for the "jack of all trades" cardiologist who renders comprehensive clinical care and visits the catheterization laboratory much like a surgeon using an operating suite.

The sixth edition of Grossman's Cardiac Catheterization effectively continues to fill the need for a comprehensive reference. This substantial text has 35 chapters divided into 8 sections with 32 authors. It spans the gamut from the history of catheterization and invasive principles to specific techniques and clinical integration. Unlike a typical multiauthored text, 22 of the 35 chapters …


A significant degradation of current gain of InP/InGaAs/InP double heterojunction bipolar transistors was observed after passivation. The amount of degradation depended on the degree of surface exposure of the p-type InGaAs base layer according to the epi-structure and device structure. The deposition conditions such as deposition temperature, kinds of materials (silicon oxide, silicon nitride and aluminum oxide) and film thickness were not major variables to affect the device performance. The gain reduction was prevented by the BOE treatment before the passivation. A possible explanation of this behavior is that unstable non-stoichiometric surface states produced by excess In, Ga, or As after mesa etching are eliminated by BOE treatment and reduce the surface recombination sites.


Objective: To understand sensitivity level that addicts to heroin and the difference of some factors re- lated. Methods: The inspector inspected male heroin dependents who detoxified in Compulsory Detoxification Center of Shenzhen Public Security Bureau from June 2007 to Dec.2007. The same inspection as mentioned above was done ten days later to make sure the result believable. According to different times of drug-taking to acquire hedonic dimension, the heroin dependent group could be divided into three sections respectively called high hedo- nic, generally hedonic and no hedonic. The relations between these three sections and four factors (including rela- tives, drug-taking dose, pattern and rehabilitation time) were analyzed. The inspection result was statistically ana- lyzed by using SPSS11.5 software. Results: The sensitivity level of different individual to heroin was different. The drug-taking rate of the relatives of high hedonic section was higher than the relatives of the other two sections. Statistical analysis showed significant difference(χ2=10.08, P0.01). Possibility of change of drug-taking style from chasing dragon to injection was lower to high hedonic section than to the other two sections , but perhaps inspec- tion sample was too small to show the difference, so statistical analysis (χ2=4.44, P0.05) didn't show significant difference. The daily drug-taking dose of the three sections showed significant difference using by ANOVA (F=5. 92, P0.01). Daily drug-taking dose of no hedonic section was lower than the other two sections. The largest absti- nent time didn't differ among the three sections using statistical analysis. Conclusions: The heroin dependents' own differences in some respects (e.g. hereditary information) decide the differences of their drug-taking and re- lapse. It is no doubt that a new thinking will be expanded to uncover the drug-taking action, addiction mechanism and effectively controlling relapse if the heroin dependent group is studied according to the index of quantity eval-uation. In this inspection, the heroin dependent group is divided into three sections to study according to their he- donic dimension, and the protein analysis is ongoing.


Through simple numerical experiments, it is highlighted that the TM model is a steadystate model that reconciles well with the solution of the unsteady mass and heat balance equations of an individual snow grain, albeit after a transient regime. Next, we simulate drifting and blowing using highresolution largeeddy simulations of the atmospheric surface layer with Lagrangian snow particles, coupled with statistical models of aerodynamic, splash and rebound entrainment of particles from an underlying snow surface. It is found that the residence time of a typical saltating particle is shorter than the period of the transient regime and thus the underlying assumptions of the TM solution are not satisfied. Secondly, the TM solution neglects thermal inertia of the particulate phase, this also results in errors when compared to the explicit heat and mass exchange calculations.


Two-dimensional models, in the plane parallel to the slope and in the downslope plane, are introduced to describe the avalanche dynamics, and in particular its interaction with obstacles. Their implementation in a FEM software supplies results, that compared with procedures derived empirically, confirm that these models, adequately calibrated, could be used as a support in the design of structures subjected to avalanche impact.


We propose Bit Prudent In-Cache Acceleration of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks an in-SRAM architecture for accelerating Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) inference by leveraging network redundancy and massive parallelism. The network redundancy is exploited in two ways. First, we prune and fine-tune the trained network model and develop two distinct methods coalescing and overlapping to run inferences efficiently with sparse models. Second, we propose an architecture for network models with a reduced bit width by leveraging bit-serial computation. Our proposed architecture achieves a 17.7×/3.7× speedup over server class CPU/GPU, and a 1.6× speedup compared to the relevant in-cache accelerator, with 2% area overhead each processor die, and no loss on top-1 accuracy for AlexNet. With a relaxed accuracy limit, our tunable architecture achieves higher speedups. Keywords-In-Memory Computing; Cache; Neural Network Pruning; Low Precision Neural Network.


Environmental problem is a comprehensive as well as a historical issue.The causes for the issue are very complicated,which involves the effects of human beings' production and lifestyle,the development of technology,economy and society and institutional factors.Therefore,the reflection on environmental issues is of a wide range.Natural sciences and social sciences have studied and reflected the environmental issues profoundly and roundly.While the social sciences study the environmental issues from the perspectives of the organization and system,the market mechanisms and governmental actions,which embodies the comprehensive,practical characteristics of the subject.


Worred about your chances of having children going up in smoke? Some research suggests that exposure to a variety of toxic substances, including those in cigarettes, can damage sperm and/or lower sperm count. Sperm imperfections and mishaps are to be expected, given the sheer volume of sperm in one ejaculate. However, it seems that they occur at a higher rate in men who have been exposed to certain toxins, drugs, alcohol, and radiation.


Optimum operation of future mobile communication systems requires more flexible signalling mechanisms for radio access. For flexible heterogeneous signalling implementation, this work discusses coexistence scenarios of orthogonal and nonorthogonal multicarrier signals, specifically considering orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and spectrally efficient FDM (SEFDM) signals. Three main scenarios of the coexisting signalling are addressed under 5G new radio (5G NR) numerology with varying subcarrier spacing. Using numerical simulations, this work reports performance results of systems operating under the studied coexistence scenarios assuming uncoded and coded signals. Results reveal that systems employing SEFDM and OFDM result in some BER degradation when uncoded signals are used and also show that when applying low-density parity-check (LDPC) to the transmitted signals, the coexistence effects are mitigated and the block error rate (BLER) for both orthogonal and non-orthogonal signals suffers only slight degradation.


The invention discloses an information processing method, an information display method and electronic equipment. The information processing method is applied to first electronic equipment; and the first electronic equipment at least comprises a static state and a moving state. The information processing method comprises the following steps: when the first electronic equipment turns from the static state to the moving state, a first sensing unit of the first electronic equipment is used for acquiring first information when the first electronic equipment is in the moving state, and transmitting the first information to second electronic equipment connected with the first electronic equipment; and when the first electronic equipment turns from the moving state to the static state, a second sensing unit of the first electronic equipment is used for acquiring second information, which is different from the first information, when the first electronic equipment is in the static state, and transmitting the second information to the second electronic equipment, wherein the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit refer to two independent sensing units.


Many soft computing mctht>rlologies havc bcun appticd tu medical iinsgc segmentation. For example, Hall er nl. applied fuuzzy c-means (FCM) to tissiic classification of tminaii brain MK itnagcs [I]. Il'Elia et nl. studied Ihycsian classification approach tu segincnring the brain region frorn M R images [2]. Others have been using self-organization map (SOMI, neural network, filmy logic, and so on. Almi)st OF tlicin treat a pixcl ns a datum, and an iinage as a database. So, image segmentation can be pcrformed hy clustering the database. That is, clusters obtained hy clustcritip uorrcspond to reginns in image. The conventional imagc segmentation methods hased on clustering algorithms have advantages and disadvantages. The principal advantage is robustness that accepts small change of the image. This advantage is Ihc feature of the clustering algorithm itsclf. hllhrrugh, tlic methods will give two different lnhels to twu adiacent pixels, wlicn the intcnsity of two pixels dill'eir a [ittle, and when the intensity ol'two pixels is same they give one lahet to two pixels regardless of thc distance betwccn the pixels. It is hccausc the convenrional clustering method caiiiiot conyidcr the con~lection relation ol' pixels. Consequently, iii the actual use, it often happens that the results of the clustering method differ fiom thosc we desired. We can estimate the connection rclatinn of pixels by seeing whcther the pixels connect each other or not. For exainpte, when pixels on a path connecting ~ W O pixels have homogenous intensity, we will see the two pixcls are cnnnccted. Thus, the infimnaiion on connection relation will be given as nominat data. llowever, convcniional clristcring algorithms such as FCM treat only numerical data. In order to apply the algorithms firr nominal data, quantification methods are required. Thus, conventional clustering algorithms are not suitable for treating infurination 011 connectioli relation. So. this paper introduces lough sets, which is a concept based on classification aiid approximation, iiito image segmentation algorithm in order to treat the infomalion on connectinn relation. This paper proposes a new image segmentation method with respcct to conncctedness of pixels. The mcthod is bascd on alpha-equivalencc relation i n rough sets [3]. The proposed method extracts features of pixels by using thresholding 2nd labeling algorithms that nrc 'image processing.


A novel distributed modeling approach is proposed in this paper that predicts the device behavior over a broad frequency range. The detailed device dimensions along with the 19-element equivalent circuit model are presented and the boundary conditions to be incorporated in the model are provided. In order to validate the approach, the simulation results are compared with the measurement results obtained from a N-polar GaN HEMT device over a 0.25-67 GHz frequency band. The results are also generated for the hypothetical case of a wider transistor at higher operating frequencies in order to explain the importance of considering the wave propagation effects in the modeling and demonstrate how the results converge. Additionally, a novel design approach is proposed for redesigning the device electrodes so as to achieve matched phase velocities on the input and output ports of the transistor. The new device with the optimized electrode configurations yields considerably higher gain values compared to the conventional device.


The whole library is materially based on the building of document resources. The library documents at Higher Vocational College should be chiefly characterized by providing enriched means of interview, attaching importance to sharing resources, and having access to circulation of books. Only like this can the library better serve the teaching and scientific research.


We design a nonlinear waveguide for 2f-to-3f optical frequency conversion based on silicon nitride-lithium niobate and calculate high nonlinear conversion efficiencies of 898, 623, and 3169 %-W−1-cm−2 for the processes discussed.


The author borrowed the oral fluency index used by Zhang Wenzhong and Wu Xudong in their quantitative study of second language oral fluency in her own experiment,in which the two classes of 2010 International Business of Shandong Agricultural Administers' College participated.The data proved that cooperative learning can better improve students' spoken English level than traditional teaching method.


AbstractWhile there have been various research activities to develop the green vehicles which reduce the energy consumption such as high-speed train, tilting train, light rail transit, wireless tram, and so on, researches on the eco-friendly railway infrastructure have been very limited to deal with the important social issue of reducing CO2 emissions. In this background, eco-friendly prestressed concrete (PSC) sleeper, using ground granulated blast furnace slag and rapid-cooling electric arc furnace oxidizing slag, has been recently developed to reduce the usage of cement and natural fine aggregate as main ingredients of the concrete. It was already found that eco-friendly PSC sleeper satisfied its static and dynamic performances required by international standards. In this paper, the field performance of eco-friendly PSC sleeper was evaluated in the operating line of conventional railway and its durability against extreme environmental conditions was performed in the laboratory as well. Steel slags (gro...


We present an optimized α-HIBA column chromatography method for Nd for high-precision isotope analyses (±2–5 ppm). It produces consistently high yields (>95%) and extremely good separation of Ce, Pr and Sm from Nd.


The increase in road fatalities comes as bad news. This cannot be stopped but can be controlled. The Accidents may cause due to driver's health, Driver's feelings, vehicle speed, climate condition, traffic conditions, road conditions, etc. Analysis and prediction on Traffic collision has gained importance in these days. The big dataset is generated every year. The proposed system works on analysis and prediction of road accidents information data using machine learning algorithms and its efficient execution. For analysis same type of accidents are clustered together using EMM algorithm and for prediction association mining is performed using Top-k Improved Association Rule Mining (IARM) algorithm. This algorithm finds the top k rules from dataset. The generated association rules are then provided to the Congestion control using Machine Framework (CCMF) and Traffic Congestion Analyzer using Mapping (TCAMP) algorithms to generate predictions. The Results are compared in terms of accuracy and efficiency with existing systems. Keywords— Road accidents, association rules , clustering, EMM, feature extraction, top k


Context Anxiety and depression are both common in primary care patients, but much less attention has been paid to anxiety. Contribution The authors administered a 7-item anxiety scale (Generalized Anxiety Disorder [GAD]-7) to 965 primary care patients, who also had a structured interview, to detect an anxiety disorder. Of these patients, 19.5% had at least 1 anxiety disorder. Patients with anxiety had worse functional status, more disability days, and more physician visits, but 41% were not being treated for any anxiety disorder. The GAD-7 had high sensitivity and good specificity for detecting a generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Implications Anxiety disorders are common, underrecognized, and undertreated, but they are easy to detect with a brief questionnaire. The Editors Anxiety and depression are the 2 most common mental health problems seen in the general medical setting (15). Although increasing attention has been paid to anxiety, it still lags far behind depression in terms of research as well as clinical and public health efforts in screening, diagnosis, and treating affected individuals. This is unfortunate given the prevalence of anxiety and its substantial impact on patient functioning, work productivity, and health care costs (614). More than 30 million Americans have a lifetime history of anxiety (15), and anxiety disorders cost an estimated $42 billion dollars per year in the United States alone, counting direct and indirect costs (16). The 4 most common anxiety disorders (excluding simple phobias that seldom present clinically) are generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (1723). However, despite the substantial disability associated with each anxiety disorder and the availability of effective treatments, only a minority of patients (15% to 36%) with anxiety are recognized in primary care (24, 25). In our paper, we analyze results from a large primary carebased anxiety study (26) to answer several questions. First, what is the prevalence of these 4 anxiety disorders, both individually and concurrent with one another? Second, how do these disorders compare in functional impairment, health care use, and comorbid depressive and somatic symptom burden? Third, how effective is a brief anxiety measure in screening for each disorder? Compared with previous research, our study is particularly well-positioned to ascertain commonalities among anxiety diagnoses that are traditionally considered to be discrete and to determine whether a single measure can be used as a first step, common metric. This is especially salient for the busy, complex primary care setting, in which simplifying initial recognition of mental disorders may in fact make wider efforts at recognition more feasible. Methods Patient Sample The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) anxiety study (26) was conducted to develop a short measure to assess generalized anxiety disorder. Patients were enrolled from a research network of 15 primary care sites (13 family practice and 2 internal medicine sites) located in 12 states and administered centrally by Clinvest, Inc., Springfield, Missouri, from November 2004 to June 2005. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 scale was developed and validated in 2149 patients. In the original study, 2982 persons were invited to participate; of these, 2740 (92%) completed the 4-page questionnaire and had no or minimal missing data (26). To minimize sampling bias, consecutive patients were approached at each site in clinic sessions until the target quota for that week was achieved. Of the 2740 participants, the first 2149 were used for development and validation of the GAD-7 scale, whereas the last 591 were used to determine the testretest reliability of the scale. Of the 2149 patients in the validation group, 1654 agreed to a telephone interview, of whom 965 were randomly selected to undergo this interview within 1 week of their clinic visit by 1 of 2 mental health professionals: a clinical psychologist (with a PhD) or a senior psychiatric social worker. Contact information was sent by fax to each interviewer, who shuffled the fax sheets received each day and then drew from the stack several participants to interview that day. The 965 interviewed patients comprise the study population for this paper, and compared with the 1184 participants who did not undergo a mental health professional interview, these were more often women (69% vs. 63%; P= 0.003) and had slightly higher GAD-7 anxiety scores (5.7 vs. 5.1; P= 0.010) but were similar in age, race, and education. Of note, we only used data from the 1184 participants not undergoing a mental health professional interview to derive the GAD-7 (26). The study was approved by the Sterling Institutional Review Board. Study Questionnaire Before seeing their physicians, patients completed a 4-page questionnaire that included the GAD-7 (Appendix Figure). This scale was shown to have good internal and testretest reliability, as well as convergent, construct, criterion, procedural, and factorial validity for the diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (26). Scores on the GAD-7 range from 0 to 21; scores of 5, 10, and 15 represent mild, moderate, and severe anxiety symptoms, respectively. The first 2 items of the GAD-7 represent core anxiety symptoms, and scores on this GAD-2 subscale range from 0 to 6. Appendix Figure. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7 scale. The first 2 items constitute the GAD-2 subscale. GAD-7 2006 Pfizer Inc. All rights reserved. Used with permission. The study questionnaire also included questions about age, sex, education, race or ethnicity, and marital status; the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-20 (SF-20), which measures functional status in 6 domains (27); the 10-item anxiety subscale from the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (28); the PHQ-8 depression scale (29); a 3-item version of the Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN) (30); the 5-item PHQ panic module (25); and the PHQ-15 somatic symptom scale (31). Also, single-item global assessments of anxiety, depression, and pain based on a scale of 0 (none) to 10 (as bad as you can imagine) were included. Finally, patients reported the number of physician visits and disability days during the previous 3 months. Structured Psychiatric Interview The 2 mental health professionals, while blinded to the results of the self-report research questionnaire, conducted structured psychiatric interviews by telephone to establish independent criteria-based diagnoses according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) (32). The interview consisted of the generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and PTSD sections of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) (33). Reinterview by telephone was used because of its feasibility in our multisite study and its demonstrated comparability with face-to-face research interviews (3436). The 2 mental health professionals based diagnoses of generalized anxiety disorder and PTSD on the SCID interview. For generalized anxiety disorder, some questions were slightly modified to better assess each DSM-IV criterion. They based a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder on whether the patient met SCID diagnostic criteria and had a Mini-SPIN score of 8 or greater, because this improves the accuracy of social anxiety disorder diagnoses (37). They based a diagnosis of panic disorder on answering yes to all 5 questions on the PHQ panic module, a threshold that reflects DSM-IV criteria and has been validated in both clinical (25) and population-based (38) samples. Statistical Analysis We estimated sample size with respect to sensitivity of the GAD-7 scale for diagnosing the target disease (generalized anxiety disorder). We needed 60 participants with generalized anxiety disorder to ensure that the total width of the 95% CI around a sensitivity proportion of 0.80 was no greater than 0.20. Given that the estimated prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder in the primary care population was 6% (18), we needed a total of 1000 unselected primary care patients to have approximately 60 patients with generalized anxiety disorder. We determined the prevalence of each of the 4 anxiety disorders and compared them in patient demographic characteristics, functional status, psychiatric comorbidity, disability days, and physician visits. Consistent with previous work (1, 26, 29, 39), we replaced missing values in a scale with the mean value of the remaining items if 25% or fewer items were missing. If more than 25% of items were missing, the sum score was not computed and was counted as missing. The amount of missing data for any individual variable or scale score was very low (<1%). The 15 sites did not differ in missing data. In addition to descriptive statistics, we used analysis of covariance to examine associations among each anxiety disorder and the 6 SF-20 functional status scales, self-reported disability days, and physician visitscontrolling for demographic variables (sex, age, race, and educational level) and study site. We ran similar models to examine the effect of the number of anxiety disorders. In all models, patients with no anxiety disorder were the reference group. We adjusted pairwise statistical comparisons by using the Bonferroni correction. Because some dependent variables displayed a skewed (but unimodal) distribution, we also reran the models using the rank transformation of the dependent variables. We examined the operating characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio) for a range of cutoff scores of the GAD-7 and GAD-2 for each anxiety disorder. We conducted receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses to determine the area under the curve (AUC) for each anxiety disorder. We calculated AUCs and performed statistical comparisons (GAD-7 vs. GAD-


As the Internet of Things (IoT) expands, IoT search has tremendous potential applications but also presents many challenges. To solve these challenges, we propose a progressive search paradigm to reduce the search space that has three main strategies: coarse-to-fine search in the feature space, near-to-distant search in the spatial-temporal space, and low-to-high permission search in the security space. Two case studies from a multimedia-based urban sensing network demonstrate that our approach can significantly improve IoT search speed and accuracy.


The alkyldiazenes RN = NH (R = CH3 or C2H5) react with reduced microsomal cytochrome P450 leading to complexes exhibiting a Soret peak at 446 nm. Upon oxidation of the [cytochrome P450-Fe(II)(CH3N = NH)] complex with limited amounts of dioxygen, a new complex characterized by a Soret peak at 486 nm is formed. The latter complex was also formed upon slow reaction of methyldiazene with microsomal cytochrome P450-Fe(III) or in situ oxidation of methylhydrazine by limited amounts of O2 or ferricyanide. This complex is rapidly destroyed by O2 or ferricyanide in excess and more slowly by excess dithionite in the presence of CO. Reactions of ethyldiazene or benzyldiazene with cytochrome P450-Fe(III) afforded similar complexes characterized by Soret peaks around 480 nm. These results, when compared to those recently described on reactions of monosubstituted hydrazines RNHNH2 and diazenes RN = NH with hemoglobin and iron-porphyrins, are consistent with a [cytochrome P450-Fe(II)(RN = NH)] structure for the 446-nm-absorbing complexes and a sigma-alkyl cytochrome P450-Fe(III)-R structure for the complexes characterized by a Soret peak around 480 nm. They also suggest a sigma-cytochrome P450-Fe(III)-Ph structure for the complex derived from phenylhydrazine oxidation, recently described in the literature. Finally, they provide the first evidence that cytochrome P450-Fe(III)-R complexes are formed upon microsomal oxidation of alkyl or phenylhydrazines.


Migrant children have become a special group faced by school education.The factors that affect the loss of the sense of belonging mainly lies in such aspects as identity marginalization,encounter of rejection,uneven distribution of education,severe discrimination,rising above difficulties,and cultural blend.The whole society should help to reconstruct the sense of belonging of migrant children in such respects as the improvement in attraction of attention,the elimination of urban and rural barriers,the making of family atmosphere,the shortening of adaptation to school life,and the development of cultural education in the community.


This article outlines and assesses the training and education programs focusing on rural and regional human capital development in ?Supply and business Chains?. Today's rural managers and educators must be trained and educated to operate across national boundaries and differing economic, financial and social systems. The article focuses on the training and education in the U.S. Government?s Cochran Fellowship Program. It compares it to the European counter parts This program began in 1984 and vastly expanded in the early 1990?s as Russia and the CIS countries emerged from the communist command oriented ?supply and business chain? systems. Both the East and West have much to gain by improving the human capital in supply chain human management. This means that the human capital must be trained and educated in new technology, transportation systems, planning processes, and trade related issues from differing systems. Rural Mediation and other training and education technigues across cultures, educational backgrounds will also be highlighted. This article looks ahead to the human capital needs in European regional systems and what is needed to bring the current system up to worldwide standards.


The right of the trade secret is the dominating right for its trade secret enjoyed by law by the obligee.The attribute of the right of property,the characteristic of the rights objective,the legal characteristic of the right,the international treaty and the legal practice of various countries suggest that the right of the trade secret is a kind of intellectual property right.Compared with the other types of intelligent property right,the right of the trade secret has its peculiarity as to the holders of rights,the objects of rights,the deadline of rights and rights protection,which includes the right of identity,the right of secrecy,the right of usage and the right of profit.


Abstract In November 1966 composer and improviser Bill Dixon recorded a seventeen-minute-long "voice letter" to jazz writer Frank Kofsky. This letter may be analyzed as a critical intervention by Dixon, an attempt to change the context of interpretation around improvised music. But the voice letter may also be heard and analyzed as a kind of performance. As Dixon speaks, one can hear the rumbling and roar of the city as well as the staccato sounds of car and truck horns unfolding in dynamic counterpoint to his words. In this essay, I put the voice letter into dialogue with Dixon's personal history, his writings and interview statements, and some of his contemporaneous musical and multi-generic projects, especially his collaboration with dancer and choreographer Judith Dunn. I show how the letter maps Dixon's and Dunn's positions within a geography of intellectual circles, experimental artistic communities, and low-wage employment networks. By extension, I examine how the voice letter, as critical intervention and performance, points us to a nuanced understanding of black experimental music of the 1960s as a socially inflected, self-conscious and, ultimately, serious engagement with various modes of artistic production and thought, carried out under conditions of both precarity and inspiration.


This paper proposes a system to determine the coordinate of an object which could be victim, survivor, or crashed airplane, in post-disastrous scene based on the known coordinate of the quadrotor. The use of quadrotor can avoid a limitation of ground vehicle which cannot traverse freely except with certain special platform or configuration. A stereo vision system, attached underneath the quadrotor, is used to detect the target and determine distance to the target. With the distance information, the coordinate of the object can be calculated based on the coordinate transformation method. Four experimental results show that this method performs well with the distance error less than 8 meters.


The objectives of this research were to design and develop the knowledge construction model based on the constructivist theories to support ill-structured problem solving process of industrial education and technology students, to study the ill-structured problem solving process of learners who learnt from developed knowledge construction model, to study learning achievement of learners who learnt from developed knowledge construction model, and to study learners' opinions who learnt from developed knowledge construction model. The target group was 40 third-year undergraduate students within the first semester of the academic year 2009 in the Department of Educational Communications and Technology, faculty of Industrial Education and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi. The research design of this study was Type II developmental research (Richey and Klein, 2007) including 3 phases: 1) the model development, 2) the model validation, and 3) the model use. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed. Mean, standard deviation and correction were employed to analyze learning achievement. Photocal analysis was employed to analyze ill-structured problem solving process from interviewing. The findings of this studies were as follows: firstly, the results of studying the knowledge construction model based on the constructivist theories to support ill-structured problem solving process of industrial education and technology students consisted of following essentials: 1) ill-structured problems, 2) data bank for problem solving, 3) the support center of excellence for ill-structured problem solving, 4) cognitive tools for ill-structured problem solving, 5) ill-structured problem solving process transfer center by related cases, 6) sharing and social collaboration for problem solving, 7) consulting and knowledge center by experts, 8) scaffolding and cognitive strategies for ill-structured problem solving, and 9) coaching. Secondly, the result of studying the ill-structured problem solving process of learners was students can learn and solve problems by using the ill-structured problem solving process. Thirdly, the result of studying the learning achievements studies found that there were 70% of qualified students. Finally, the result of studying the learners' opinions studies were learning contents, media network, and design are appropriate, and also support knowledge construction and problem solving process of students.


This paper introduces a method for component sizing using optimization algorithm. Sizing vehicle's powertrain component is a complicated problem, resulting in vehicle's fuel economy and dynamic performance directly. Especially, as powertrains of modern vehicles become more complicated, it takes a lot of efforts to design each component size of the vehicle. In this study, we present a component sizing process using optimization algorithm. The process is developed based on the forward-looking vehicle simulator, "Autonomie" and the optimization algorithm called "POUNDERS". The process is tested for the sizing process of a conventional internal combustion engine based vehicle to decide optimal engine power. Also, the sizing process for the hybrid electric vehicle to determine optimal engine and motor power size are conducted. Optimization problem is defined as to minimize fuel consumption and dynamic performances of vehicle are given as constraints. Simulation results shows that the newly suggested sizing process algorithm could be used to design optimal component sizes of the vehicle powertrain.


It remains a big challenge in modern cell biology to determine the mechanism by which a discrete set of rod-shaped chromosomes is assembled from an amorphous mass of interphase chromatin. Recent studies start to shed new lights on how this process is actively supported by a class of multiprotein complexes called condensins. In vertebrate cells, two different condensin complexes make distinct mechanistic contributions to determining the shape and integrity of mitotic chromosomes.


So inuch has been written during the past few months upon generalities and upon possible cases whiich may or mav not exist, that it is sometimes valuable to brush these all one side a-nd to confine oneself to some specific cases. This I have tried to do. Our company has usedthe first battery 20 months, and one of' double its capacity for six months, entirely too short a time to cole to any conclusions about the depreciation, but it has given us ample time to satisfy ouirselves as to the economiic value. It is sufficient for me to say that if a need should arise to-morrow for additional capacity, either at our main station, at either of the annexes or in any new part of the city, within reasonablen distance of our center of distribution, we should consider the question along the lines which I have just indicated. We should eliminate entirely from the discussion, the question which has distracted the puiblic minid for so many years and decide it entirely uipon its merits, placing the battery side by side, and on an equality with other modern and improved apparatus.


Prior use of patent rights is not an independent rights,nor a rights of defense or a prior use act,it is rather a legal interest not raised to be a rights. It is an independent legal interest based on the first user's contribution to knowledge-based products,and its protection is different to those of the set rights mode or the competition law mode. Prior use of patent rights as a legal interest is able to fight non-particular objects and only after the patent holder obtained the patent the objects become certain. The property of prior use of patent rights against the rights of the patent holder belongs to active legal interest,whereas the fight against public belongs to negative legal interest. The use,offering for sale or selling patented products manufactured with prior use of patent rights by a third party without the permission of the patent holder does not constitute an infringement.


In this paper, we present the Studo Jobs platform in which we tackle the problem of automatically assigning labels to new job advertisements. For that purpose we perform an exhaustive comparison study of state-of-the-art classifiers to be used for label prediction in the job domain. Our findings suggest that in most cases an SVM based approach using stochastic gradient descent performs best on the textual content of job advertisements in terms of Accuracy, F1-measure and AUC. Consequently, we plan to use the best performing classifier for each label which is relevant to the Studo Jobs platform in order to automatically enrich the job advertisement data. We believe that our work is of interest for both researchers and practitioners in the area of automatic labeling and enriching text-based data.


Electric contact structure (electrical contact structure) distributes the electric current in the longitudinal direction of the structure. Electrical contact structure comprises a plurality of n rectangular metal (metal rectangles) for the n levels of the metal. Rectangle is a rectangle with wider than at least a further vertical width that is directly below the metal level in the metal level have a width of as much as the width of the rectangular bottom. Rectangular with a metal level than the rectangle immediately to the metal level below the length is shorter claim, arranged in a rectangular and substantially the following in the first stage (first end). Rectangular first stages (first rectangle ends) are substantially aligned. Exemplary features of the FET transistor according to the present invention, source and drain terminals electrical contact structure (source and drain terminal electrical contact structure), multi-level metallization connecting the gate rectangular in both end rings (multilevel metal ring) and wide gate than the minimum - it may be a gate spacing (wider-than-minimum gate-to-gate spacing) - pitcher. The invention, for example electron transfer is advantageous in the compliant, high performance transistors.


The design, staging allusions and symbolism of The Tempest are here freshly reconsidered in light of the drama's historical and theatrical milieu. Demaray maintains that Shakespeare, in composing this play, was not reverting to the 'academic' dramatic structures, themes and character types of his early career, but was instead forging from different theatrical traditions a new kind of experimental drama. The Tempest, then, draws upon the European and English spectacle, pastoral, 'romance' and dramatic traditions; it emphasizes reformist open symbolism rather than the classical iconography of Ben Jonson; and it points the way to the stylized 'heroic' dramas of the Restoration with their exotic themes and staged scenic illusions. Shakespeare and the Spectacles of Strangeness pays close attention to genre, structure, and issues of printing textual scholarship. Demaray presents close studies of the First Folio printings of The Tempest and of printings of drama, masques, balets de cour, spectacle production and stage documents. On the basis of these primary documents, Demaray is able to show the influence of the conventions of court presentations on Shakespeare's theatrical references, and to reveal new accounts of the imaginative significance of stage illusions designed by Inigo Jones in the early 1600s.


The utility model relates to an air-cooled Roots vacuum pump, which comprises a shell, two wallboards, an oil storage tank and a pair of parallel shafts. Wherein, the pair of parallel shafts is arranged with two reversely rotary meshing vane wheels. A pair of shaft holes is positioned on the wallboard. Both ends of the parallel shaft are arranged through the shaft hole on the wallboard and then into the oil storage tank. A cavity connected with cooling air is positioned in the wallboard. An inlet and an outlet connected with a cooling air pumping system are arranged in the cavity. One side of the wallboard adjacent to the shell is provided with a cooling air hole connected with the shell. The Roots vacuum pump continuously pumps cool air into the cooling air cavity of the wallboard through the cooling air pumping system to fully cool bearings. Cooling air is periodically pumped into the shell through the cooling air hole to cool high-temperature air in the shell based on the principle of countercurrent cooling machine, eliminate periodical air pulse and reduce noise.


The analysis of complex treatment of 157 patients pancreatic necrosis various aetiology in the period with 1995 on 2005 is carried out. It is established, that medical tactics at pancreatic necrosis should be strictly differently, depending on prevalence necrosis defeats of a pancreas, retroperitoneal space, prevalence and character of a peritonitis, and also weight of a physiological condition of the patient. The basic directions of conservative therapy pancreatic necrosis are decrease proteolitic activity, decrease toxic product and adequate antibacterial therapy.


Maternity blues endless exhaustion postnatal depression postnatal irritability puerperal psychosis Nancy's tale not tonight, darling who is at risk there's a time for everything premenstual syndrome hormonal upheaval all in the mind preventing postnatal depression we all can help back to health post natal depression finds its way to court a way ahead.


The present study aimed at investigating the effects of training the selfconsciousness and anger management skills on reduction of aggression. The sample population of this study included all junior male students of Sahneh city (Iran) during 2012-2013. Totally, 196 students were selected by simple random sampling, administrated the aggression questionnaire and 45 students getting a high score of aggression were selected. Afterwards, they were randomly placed into three experimental groups with 15 people in each group: self-consciousness skills group; anger management skills group; and control group. The experimental groups received trainings for six sessions (60 minutes each session). Finally, the post-test was administrated to each group. The results of pre- and posttests were evaluated by "analysis of covariance method". The study results revealed that training the self consciousness and anger management skills decrease the students' aggression. As a result, the findings can be used effectively in schools for reducing and controlling the aggression.


A coke/coal pulverization and injection unit was designed and installed on a 7 t/h cupola.Melting tests have shown that injecting 6~8kg coke powder/t iron can save 20%coke consumption and enhance 20%melting rate.This unit bas been put in preduction use,its operation is reliable and dust-free.This paper also discusses the principle of fuel saving through coke powder in-jection.


ABSTRACT This work seeks to demonstrate the importance of the interests of lodging service users in non-hotel resources, directly or indirectly, linked to hotels. For this, Spanish hotels located in defensive structures belonging to the Paradores chain have been selected. The conceptual framework starts from the evaluative models of the quality of service modified to this study. Then, a Big Data tool has been developed that allows for the analysis of 3372 visitor comments about subjects including the facilities, the staff, and service management. To these, other attributes not strictly linked to the classic hotel service have been added, such as the cultural heritage resources, the surrounding environment, and value-added activities already implemented. With this work, it is hoped to highlight the importance of taking advantage of these resources efficiently, especially in shaping excellent tourist services that connect respectful cultural tourism and the environment for a clear urban influence and that simultaneously takes advantage of the all the possibilities of new technologies.


The big question remains ".........Is Nairobi securities exchange a reliable form of investment? .................... " Following the market confidence, that was generated in the first three year of independence due to stable economic development and the Kengen initial public offer which did some acceleration in the recent years, the stock market operated several highly oversubscribe issues. Some people investing in NSE have become super rich while others stagnate in abjoct poverty. The disparity between the gainers and losers in the market is disquieting and thus the question. This research was inquest to establish whether the Nairobi stock market is an efficient capital market and find out to what extent is it efficient. Further, analysis was carried out to deterrh>ne the survival of newly listed counter to continually register impressive which in turn accelerates the prices of respective securities. This research was paramount and it will help investors iP future to cautious evaluate the investment option to avoid pit falls that were encountered by their predecessors. Data was collected from Nairobi Stock exchange for the year 2009 from i.e. from Jan 2009 to December 31st. Data collected was subjected to Wald walfowiz test, serial correlation test 2°d survival analysis. Survival analysis was important since most of listings done in the recent past have failed to record impressive returns soon after listing thus frustrating the investors. It was noted that the Nairobi stock exchange is not an efficient capital market, thus, an investor can earn consistently returns above average. This can be achieved by carrying out technical


Authentication of food products is a major concern throughout the food industry. From husbandry as well as aquaculture, even in mildly processed products it is often impossible to visually identify the origin, making the use of molecular methods necessary for species validation. Within the field of proteomics, different methods have been implemented, either by taking advantage of specific mass spectrometry profiles (Mazzeo et al., 2008) or using specific peptides or proteins as means to correctly identify the origin of the sample (Berrini et al., 2006; Carrera et al., 2007). We present here an unguided and robust new proteomics-based method for species recognition and product authentication, exemplified by a study of muscle samples from 17 different fish species. Based on large-scale pairwise comparison of tandem mass spectra, similarities and differences in the proteome are used to differentiate between the species. In addition we studied how different tissues from the same animal, commercially important rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), have clearly distinguishable proteome profiles as measured by tandem mass spectral content.


This 20-page CLE (continuing legal education) brochure is titled "A Crime Was Just Committed: What Happens Next (How the Criminal Justice System Works)." It was most recently presented to the Osher Center for Learning in Retirement at Towson University in 2010. Topics include (1) police-citizen encounters implicating the Fourth Amendment prohibition against unreasonable searches and seizures, (2) police-citizen encounters implicating the Fifth Amendment privilege against compelled self-incrimination, (3) police-citizen encounters implicating the Sixth Amendment right to counsel and/or the Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Clause during identifications, (4) initial appearance of an arrestee before a judicial officer, (5) preliminary hearing, (6) the charging process, (7) initial appearance in the Circuit Court, (8) discovery, (9) mandatory notice from the State and mandatory motions from the Defendant, (10) plea bargaining and guilty pleas, (11) trial rights, (12) post-trial motions, (13) sentencing, (14) appeal, (15) collateral review, (16) parole, and (17) executive clemency (federal – President; state – Governor).


Current affairs television programmes are exceedingly political, but were not always so. This article offers a history of Panorama, the first British current affairs programme and a precursor and inspiration for current affairs programmes in Britain and abroad that followed. It offers a history of the programme in its own right, delving into the factors that contributed to Panorama's creation and the events that led to it becoming a purveyor of political and international news for the last six decades. It also offers an alternative approach to media history. Rather than simply relying on high policy material, as has previously been done, this article delves into programme-specific files to demonstrate the utility of a multi-layered archival approach in understanding and appreciating the history of a specific programme. In so doing, it also offers explanations as to why the history of particular programme, in this case, Panorama, can contribute to overall histories of the organisation in which is was a part, the British Broadcasting Corporation.


The present study was aimed at detecting the phytochemicals and evaluating antimicrobial activities of Betula cylindrostachys known for their medicinal properties in folk medicine. Phytochemical screening was carried out on the leaves of Betula cylindrostachys . The results latifoliate the presence of alkaloids, proteins, carbohydrates,Phenolic compounds, Tannins, amino acid, fats and fixed oil and saponins The assessment of antifungal activity was performed in terms of percentage of radial growth on solid medium (potatoes dextrose agar PDA) against Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium expansum. The antibacterial effect was studied by the agar direct contact method using Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia colistrains.. The phytochemical estimation revealed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids and saponosides. These phytochemicals were isolated from the plant with yields of 4.376% of Petroleum ether extract, 3.576% of Chloroform extract, and 14.07% of methanol extract. Finally, the results of antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extract showed apronounced antifungal activity against the tested strains. The percentage inhibition values were found to be in the range of 2-16 mm against Candida albicans and 0 to 5 mm against Aspergilus niger. The results revealed that the methanolic extract exhibited significant antimicrobial activity of concentration of 100-500 µ/ml respectively against tested organisms, particularly more effective against Bacilus cereus and Escherichia coli than the other extract when compared to the standard drug (chloramphenicol).


Abstract Introduction: The evidenced-based program, All Stars, usually conducted in the in-school setting and taught by classroom teachers; was implemented in an afterschool setting for at-risk middle school students by local university student volunteers. The classroom-based program was moved to the after-school setting in this study in order to target the most at-risk students, and university student volunteers served as instructors to decrease program costs. Methods: Middle school students enrolled in an afterschool program for the most academically and socially at-risk participated in an evidence-based substance abuse prevention program and study as a part of their overall afterschool curriculum. The Pre-Post Post All Stars Student Survey was used as the data collection instrument and included 45 demographic, behavior, and core mediator Likert-scale questions. A series of paired samples t-tests were used to assess pre-post differences in the following: Commitment to Avoid Risky Behaviors, Normative Beliefs, and Lifestyle Incongruence. Results: At the conclusion of the program, participants' lifestyle incongruence about substance abuse improved significantly, their commitment to avoid risky behaviors improved, but their normative beliefs decreased. Discussion/conclusion: For those youth at high-risk, providing the program in the afterschool setting and using non-classroom teachers as instructors does seem to have potential for successful program delivery.


The paper is devoted to the theoretical review of psychological difficulties in the adaptation of migrant women, who moved to a new country due to family reunification. In this article, psychological difficulties are understood as any internal barriers, violations, failures, etc., that prevents optimal adaptation, in this case, of migrants. The focus of research by modern scientists is aimed at studying socially disadvantaged migrants and labor migrants. There is not enough research on women who have moved to a new country with their husbands. Four groups of psychological difficulties were identified that impede the successful adaptation of women, as well as the clinical manifestations associated with these difficulties: women's expectations regarding interaction with society do not coincide with society's expectations which contributes to the emergence of frustration and deprivation; the predominance of external motivation when moving to another country (following a husband) results in loss of work and familiar environment which often leads to depression and/or somatization; the predominance of compelled contacts in the structure of communication causes an increased irritability; self-image as a migrant before the move does not coincide with real self-image in a new country generates intrapersonal conflicts.


The production mechanism of radio interference caused by UHVAC transmission lines, its frequency characteristic and transverse attenuation characteristic are analyzed. The operation modes of non-directional beacon are described. Combining the path of bringing airplane in for landing by non-directional beacon with the limit value of radio interference caused by AC transmission line, the active interference caused by UHVAC transmission line in non-directional beacon-radio compass navigation system is calculated. Calculation result shows that from the standpoint of active interference and taking 15dB as protection ratio, UHVAC transmission line can be erected in the region that is away from the antenna center of aeronautical radio navigation station by 38.9 km as well as in arbitrary position between inner locator and outer locator.


In this paper we propose a highly reliable ECG analysis and classification approach using discrete wavelet transform multiresolution analysis and support vector machine (SVM). This approach is composed of three stages, including ECG signal preprocessing, feature selection, and classification of ECG beats. Wavelet transform is used for signal preprocessing, denoising, and for extracting the coefficients of the transform as features of each ECG beat which are employed as inputs to the classifier. SVM is used to construct a classifier to categorize the input ECG beat into one of 14 classes. In this work, 17260 ECG beats, including 14 different beat types, were selected from the MIT/BIH arrhythmia database. The average accuracy of classification for recognition of the 14 heart beat types is 99.2%.


We present an ab initio theory of inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy along with the theoretical analysis of recent experiments on inelastic transport in molecular tunneling junctions involving ${\mathrm{C}}_{60}$ molecule. We present a self-consistent procedure for calculating electron charge density and tunneling current in the presence of the electron-phonon interaction. We find that electron tunneling is significantly influenced by several specific vibrational modes. Inelastic scattering suppresses resonance transmission peak and substantially redshifts the peak position. We investigate the microscopic origin of this behavior by calculating the relevant vibrational modes and resonance wave functions under nonequilibrium transport conditions.


Sulfanilamide is such a valuable drug that it is being used very widely and with perhaps some lack of caution. For this reason it seems wise to report another fatal case to the small series of severe granulocytopenias resulting presumably from its use. REPORT OF CASE Mrs. M. S., white, American, aged 22, entered the Riverside County Hospital Sept. 19, 1938, because of a severe throat infection of about two weeks' duration. There had been a high fever with vomiting for two days. At the time of entrance into the hospital there was no other relevant history. On physical examination at that time the patient was well developed and well nourished and appeared acutely ill. The temperature was 104.6 F., the pulse 136 and the respiratory rate 28. A general physical examination was done, examination of the vagina and rectum being omitted; the following observations were made: There were several


Scenarios of future climates must be made so that the potential impacts of climatic change can be assessed. A simple method is presented for developing regional scenarios of the number of days per month above a selected temperature. The method uses the observational record of daily maximum temperatures to develop linear regressions between monthly average temperature and the number of days above the threshold. The relationships are then extrapolated to the average temperature conditions estimated by General Circulation Models (GCMs) and the new number of days determined. The method is demonstrated by developing a set of scenarios for the United States for a 90° F threshold. The validity of the approach, including consideration of the linearity of the relationships and the amount of extrapolation needed, is discussed. The regional variability of the results can be explained in climatological terms while local variations are associated with topographic and hydrologic effects. The results are in general agre...


ABSTRACT: Blood sera of 181 women with inflammatory conditions and with benign and malignant neoplasms of the ovary and of 36 healthy women (control group) were examined by determining the levels of defense proteins: C‐reactive protein (CRP), alpha1 antitrypsin (A1AT), alpha2 macroglobulin (A2M), components C3 (beta1A‐globulin) and C4 (beta1E‐globulin) of the complement, immunoglobulins M (IgM), A (IgA), and G (IgG), as well as the concentration of circulating immune complexes (IC). In women with ovarian pathology, as compared with the control group, a significant increase of all the defense proteins was found (p < 0.05). The highest increase of the defense proteins, except in regard to A2M was observed in inflammation of the ovary. In malignant neoplasms of the ovary, the level of A2M was the highest and that of A1AT as high as in inflammatory conditions. There was also a high percentage of increased CRP values (57%). The concentration of the remaining proteins under study, although significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.05), was in this group the lowest in comparison with the groups of ovarian inflammation and benign neoplasms, especially with regard to component C3 of the complement and to IgM and IgG (p < 0.05). Significantly increased values of IC (p < 0.05) were observed in ovarian inflammation (73.2%) and in benign neoplasms (25.0%). In the group of malignant neoplasms (15.4%) and in healthy women (5.6%), the increased IC values were not statistically significant (p > 0.05).


Brain MRI analyzing is a technique used to diagnose commonly occurring malignancy in human brain. It's a known fact that human brain size varies as age increases. The etiology is that huge differences in brain size are usually unknown. Here the work propounds an image segmentation method to indentify and detect tumor using the technique called brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) based classification of Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) of the cerebrum is been analyzed effectively. There developed many thresholding methods but they have different result in each image. The work encourages finding the major causes of brain tumor leading to the increased mortality rate among children and adults. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a commonly used modality to image brain. MRI provides high tissue contras hence the existing brain image analysis methods have often preferred the intense information to others, such as texture. An easy technique to compute consistency descriptor that shows the brain size variations in some common MRI artifacts that make it possible to make a high level brain MRI analysis. A new technique is implemented to extract the suspicious region in the Segmentation of MRI Brain tumor utilizing DWT. So, the detection technique can be useful for further consideration of medical practitioners. Predefined families of wavelets such as Daubechies (db8), Symlets (sym8) and Biorthogonal (bio3.7) are been utilized. From the resource, information is extracted and provided as an input to the identification and to the classification step. Finally, the cerebrum pictures are categorized by Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to detect whether it is usual or unusual. An outcome demonstrates that db8 filter offers higher accuracy than other wavelets.


This paper explores the role of pneumatology in the ethics of Stanley Hauerwas. It demonstrates that the theme of pneumatology is underdeveloped in his ethical project. The implications of this inadequate pneumatology are spelled out. Simultaneously it is indicated how Hauerwas' ethics and the significance thereof can be served by a greater emphasis on pneumatology. This paper is structured as follows: The main themes of and developments in Hauerwas' thinking is briefly outlined (1). Thereafter the role of pneumatology in his thinking, or rather perhaps lack thereof, is specifically investigated (2). In a next part the implications of an inadequate pneumatology for his ethics – specifically in terms of the relationship between the anthropological and pneumatologial sides of (a) moral formation and (b) the sectarian character of his ethics are outlined. The paper concludes with suggestions for the improvement of his ethical project,.


This paper examines the returns of asset acquirers when sellers have different statuses. We find that private sellers create lower returns for acquirers and receive higher premiums than public sellers. Both private equity and private operating sellers generate lower returns for acquirers than public sellers, but their relative gain differences are not significantly different. In addition, the gain difference cannot be explained by acquirer characteristics, sample selection effects, or means of payments, but it increases with sellers' director ownership. We examine alternative theories to explain our results. While we do not find supportive evidence for the synergy creation and information symmetry hypothesis, we find ample evidence for the manager discretion hypothesis.


It was established at SoCG'99 that every polyhedral complex can be folded from a sufficiently large square of paper, but the known algorithms are extremely impractical, wasting most of the material and making folds through many layers of paper. At a deeper level, these foldings get the topology wrong, introducing many gaps (boundaries) in the surface, which results in flimsy foldings in practice. We develop a new algorithm designed specifically for the practical folding of real paper into complicated polyhedral models. We prove that the algorithm correctly folds any oriented polyhedral manifold, plus an arbitrarily small amount of additional structure on one side of the surface (so for closed manifolds, inside the model). This algorithm is the first to attain the watertight property: for a specified cutting of the manifold into a topological disk with boundary, the folding maps the boundary of the paper to within epsilon of the specified boundary of the surface (in Frechet distance). Our foldings also have the geometric feature that every convex face is folded seamlessly, i.e., as one unfolded convex polygon of the piece of paper. This work provides the theoretical underpinnings for Origamizer, freely available software written by the second author, which has enabled practical folding of many complex polyhedral models such as the Stanford bunny.


Nuclear fuel assemblies for pressurized water reactors(PWR) are loaded in the reactor core throughout the residence time of three to five years. A spacer grid assembly, which is an interconnected array of slotted grid straps and is welded at the intersections to form an egg crate structure, is one of the main structural components of the nuclear fuel assembly. The spacer grid assembly is structurally required to have enough buckling strength under various kinds of lateral loads acting on the nuclear fuel assembly so as to keep the nuclear fuel assembly straight. To meet this requirement, it is necessary to weld the welding parts carefully and precisely. In this study, laser welding qualities of the spacer grid assembly welded by several welding companies, such as weld strength, weld penetration depth, and weld bead size, are examined and compared.


Aimed at the disadvantage of current research of shill bidding with different online auctions types, in this paper, applying decision analysis method and game theory, firstly, we research the bidderpsilas optimal biding strategy on english auction and first-price sealed-bid auction with shill biding. secondly, we discuss the relations between the sellerpsilas revenue and probability of shill biding and commission rate under two important auctions types. finally, we use honest bidderpsilas expected gain and honest sellerpsilas revenue as a basis to compare these two important auctions types, and interpret some bidding behavior in practice and give some suggestion.


In China, the technology of driverless vehicle has been developed rapidly, and has already had the trend of market application. Compared with traditional cars, driverless cars have significant differences. Due to the particularity of lack of direct drivers, the traditional automobile liability system and government supervision system cannot be fully applied to driverless cars. Therefore, it is necessary to perfect legislation and optimize supervision mechanism according to the characteristics and development of driverless vehicles.


Objective:To explore the efficacy of tropisetron on auditory sensory gating P50 in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Forty patients with schizophrenia taken risperidone were randomly assigned to placebo group,the small dose(tropisetron 5 mg/d)group,the moderate dose(tropisetron 10 mg/d)group and the high dose(tropisetron 20 mg/d)group.By paired clicks auditory condition and testing stimuluting paradigm,the efficacy of different doses of tropisetron on auditory sensory gating P50 in patients with schizophrenia was observed.Safety was evaluated by Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale.Results:The placebo group had no significant influence on P50 inhibition.Five mg and 10 mg/d dose of tropisetron could improve P50 inhibition after the first day and the tenth day drug administration than baseline,20 mg/d dose of tropisetron could improve P50 inhibition after the tenth day administration.There were significant differences among groups,10 mg/d was better than 5 mg/d,5 mg/d was better than 20 mg/d. The adverse effects were mild in 5 and 10 mg/d doses,the 20 mg/d dose had adverse effects.Conclusion:Tropisetron can improve the auditory sensory gating P50 in patients with schizophrenia and may be a possible therapeutic effect for neurocognitive deficits for schizophrenia,10 mg/d may be a better dosage.


Critics have long associated the outstanding Catalan poet, Salvador Espriu (1913-1985), with a pessimistic world view, stemming from his distinctive vision of the tragic sense of life. Here I intend to show that, as a complement to that vision, Espriu propounds a paradoxical alternative —an experience, that is, wich, though steeped in the workday limits of time and place, ends up transcending them. Transcendence commonly implies the instantaneous surge from a mode of negativism (or nihilism) to one of plenitude (affirmation of vitality) and a-temporality (timelessness, eternity). Arguably, Espriu accomplishes this momentous transition (or transformation) through a technique which may be called "alternanca sobtada" ('sudden shift'). It is appropriate, then, to analyze Espriu's multifarious mode of transcendence both for its affinities with the aesthetic of other Hispanic writers of the generation previous to his own and for its own distinctive manifestations. These inc1ude the rich symbolism of the garden or flower imagery and the suggestive semiotics of the circ1e and the pentad (the set of five). All the while, by his memorable presentation of the figure of the demiurge in various incarnations (Laia, Ulrika, the Altissim, among others), Espriu dramatizes the interplay of alterity between two perspectives: one of grotesque distortion, which Ramon del Valle-lnc1an, one of Espriu's patron saints, calls esperpento, and the other of sublime metamorphosis (or conversion), which the same Valle-Inc1an describes as "astral", that is "stellar paradisiacal"). A review of so me key passages in Espriu's production reveals the extraordinary impact of his poetic of transcendence. Of special significance is the short narrative, entitled "Tereseta-que-baixava-les-escales" ("Tessy-who-was- coming-down-the-steps"), in which Espriu, by virtue of that poetic, conjures up a vision of the "eternal moment", embodied in the haunting portrait of the main character.


The development of this business plan is based on the creation of a bilingual Child garden with emphasis on leadership as cross competition. Which will be called "The Garden of the Master Plum" with which seeks primarily as differentiating component to fully develop leadership skills in each of the children in the garden, by means of a specially designed by professional PEI in the area of education and child psychology


Over the last 20 years, considerable research effort has been put into conceiving Architecture Description Languages (ADLs), resulting in the definition of different languages for formal modelling of static and dynamic architectures of single systems. However, none of these ADLs has the expressive power to describe the architecture of a trustworthy System-of-Systems (SoS). SosADL is a novel ADL specifically conceived for describing the architecture of Software-intensive SoSs. It provides a formal language that copes with the challenging requirements of this emergent class of complex systems that is increasingly shaping the future of our software-reliant world.


Observations made on 18 cases of acquired urethral diverticula in male paraplegics are summarised. All the diverticula were situated in anterior urethra, nearly 60 percent of them near penoscrotal junction. Clinical diagnosis is easy once condition is suspected and can be confirmed by urethrography. Urethrography with panendoscopy prior to surgery helps in preoperative planning of the surgical procedure, selection of which depends on the size of the defect in urethra. Two stage procedures like exteriorisation of the urethra, packing of the diverticula and suprapubic urinary diversion may largely be avoided by careful preoperative preparation of these patients. Postoperative problems and results have been discussed.


We can't beat the accountability movement, so we had better join it and try to shape it, Ms. Raywid advises. Here are her suggestions for how to go about that task. I WISH the accountability movement that is now so strong had been launched for different reasons. It emerged, of course, from a growing mistrust of public schools and just how well they are serving us. Because that sentiment continues strong and is likely to be with us for some time to come, the press for accountability is likely to remain with us as well. We can't beat the accountability movement, so we had better join it and try to shape it. Actually, there are things we can do that could turn it into a very positive force. After all, at root, accountability demands an openness on the part of the education system that we've not always seen and are all entitled to expect: information on just how well or how poorly each public school is doing. And what accountability then demands is that something be done about those schools that are failing. I am very sympathetic to both these demands. Regarding the first, surely the public is entitled to know how the schools it pays for are faring. If they are public schools, surely information about them should be accessible to all. And regarding the second, there are schools in some places that have been failing for years, with little or nothing being done about it. In what was a new and very different kind of move in 1983, the chancellor of New York City's schools simply closed down a high school that was failing. Its numbers had been steadily worsening each year until finally it was failing, expelling, or otherwise pushing out 93% of its students. Only 7% of those enrolled were graduating. It is unforgivable to let things deteriorate to such a point. Thus I am receptive to the idea of holding schools accountable and of forcing the failing ones to change. To my mind, accountability is a good thing. But the word is often used interchangeably with standards- based education, and they are not quite the same thing. For reasons that I hope will become clear, I think we ought to talk in terms of - and insist on - accountability rather than standards-based education. Doing so is by no means an abandonment of standards, but rather a broadening of concern. The hard questions begin with "Accountable for what?" It seems reasonable to expect schools to do what they set out to do and thus to hold them accountable for fulfilling their own goals. This means that some school-to-school differences in accountability make sense, given the differences among us as to the goals to be sought in our schools. But there is also a great deal of commonality as to what we want schools to accomplish with our children. It is this that concerns me here: the goals and expectations for schools that I believe we share. I've put the matter in the form of the question "What's worth measuring?" Of course, what's worth measuring depends on what's worth learning and acquiring and, hence, what's worth teaching and cultivating. What's worth measuring also depends on our expectations about the conditions and circumstances under which this teaching and cultivating ought to occur. Our Goals for Children There are really an awful lot of things we want our children to learn and our schools to teach them. We also have a number of different kinds of goals that we want to see fulfilled with and for our children, and we have some surrounding expectations that we want to see met. I'm going to present six rather different kinds of things that are worth learning - and thus worth measuring. I don't agree with the psychologist who launched the measurement movement in education by declaring that "whatever exists, exists in some amount and can be measured." He thought everything could be quantified, and I don't. But we can assess without quantifying, and, for me, if we have goals for children and expectations for schools, it's reasonable to try to find out whether they are being met. …


Contamination of ceramic specimens resulting from sample-preparation techniques has the ability to confound efforts of chemical characterization. Primary contamination, identified by significant concentrations of one or more elements, is easily identified. Secondary contamination, resulting from undetected elements influencing detected elements, is more difficult to identify. Evaluation of six powder-extraction techniques identifies variable effects of contamination. Extraction by drilling carries the highest risk of contamination. The grinding of specimens with silicon-carbide wheels may artificially deplete abundances by introducing Si and C. Grinding specimens in an agate mortar and pestle is found to be the technique least likely to result in contamination effects.


Activity of root phosphatase was examined in Cladium jamaicense (sawgrass) and Typha domingensis (cattail) grown under controlled conditions in Everglades peat with different inorganic P availabilities and flooding regimes. Cladium root phosphatase activity was significantly greater than for Typha when both were subjected to relatively low inorganic phosphorus concentrations (10 to 80 μg l−1) in the interstitial water, indicating a greater potential for Cladium to use organic phosphorus compounds as a phosphate source. When inorganic phosphorus concentration was elevated (500 μg l−1), internal root phosphate concentrations increased and root phosphatase activities decreased in both species to similar levels. Thus, root phosphatase activity in these species is induced by low ambient inorganic phosphate concentrations. The relatively greater ability of Cladium to hydrolyze organic phosphorus compounds indicates that it is physiologically better adapted to peat-based, low inorganic phosphorus conditions and helps explain this species' historic dominance in peat-based Everglades soils.


This note presents several techniques to improve window management with overlapping windows: tabbed windows, turning and peeling back windows, and snapping and zipping windows.


Colombia experienced a decades-long civil war between the government and many left-wing guerrilla groups. It was marked by violence, kidnappings, and large quantities of human displacement. Monitoring and forecasting civil wars are important to mitigate their potential impact but require access to ground truth data. We examine the use of Internet data streams, namely Google search queries, tweets related to politics, and traditional news sources to retrospectively forecast (i.e., hindcast) state-based armed violence in Colombia. We compare the results of statistical models using three combinations of these features to evaluate the predictive capabilities of each data stream. Our results show that the combination of Internet and traditional news data models perform most consistently, although Internet-only is surprisingly promising. Overall, we are able to produce high-quality models hindcasting the presence or absence of state-based armed violence in Colombia up to 6 months in advance. These results support the use of exogenous data streams to forecast evolving situations around the globe.


Blending of the commercial LC-polyester Rodrun LC-3000 with the bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether based diepoxide DOW D.E.R.330 alone and with the mixture of the diamine (MCDEA) and D.E.R.330 by means of a twin-screw extruder has been investigated. Conditions to suppress curing of epoxide and amine during blending have been established. Due to the very low solubility of ROdrun in the diepoxide only LCP-rich blends with a minimum content of 60 wt.-% Rodrun could be obtained. The blends were investigated by SEM and thermal analysis (DSC, DMTA). Binary blends are immiscible while ternay blends appear miscible from DMTA up to 30 wt.-% of epoxy/amine.


The following article aims to give brief information about the queer community and individuals in Baku city, Azerbaijan. The paper includes historical views and interviews with LGBTQI+ individuals in mentioned geography. The changes within years have analyzed briefly. The interviews with community individuals brought insights and reflections about the investigated topic. All in all, the paper represents a piece of brief but fruitful information to understand the queer life and societal mental values within the frames of the Azerbaijan Republic. The Caucasus region's queer community is complex and most oppressed.


In this paper, we report numerical simulation of transverse fuel injection in the setting of a scramjet engine. We emphasize on the complex flow structure of the transverse injection into a supersonic cross-flow in the vicinity of the injector. We solve the three-dimensional flow equations by using an extended CESE method. The results shown here are based on a mesh of 5.5 millions cells. The simulations were conducted by using a costeffective Beowulf cluster. The parallel computing is based on the domain decomposition. The numerical results show complex vortex and shock structure. The results compare favorably with the available experimental data in terms of Mach disk location and penetration depth of the fuel jet.


Objective: To explore the apllication of removable partial denture buccal-lingual rest in clinic.Methods: To select 71 cases treated by removable partial denture in the hospital from 1999 to 2000.Among them,84 were received designing removable partial denture buccal-lingual rest treatment.Results: Of the 84 cases,66 had successfully used buccal-lingual rest for three years and 5 were fail.Conclusion: It is feasible using designed buccal-lingual rest in repairing removable partial denture.


This study aimed to analyze the job satisfaction of nurses in primary health care facilities. This study employed a quantitative descriptive design. The research used a cross-sectional approach. This study involved 226 nurses who worked in 15 inpatients primary health care. The sampling technique uses a proportionate simple random sampling technique. Nurse job satisfaction instruments assessed context factors and content factors. Nurse job satisfaction on context factor was in a good category by a big responsibility for nurse's work (55.2%), progress in work developed well (63.4%), nurses had the opportunity to achieve achievement (54.5%), nurses got great recognition for performance (58.6%) and felt their work is valuable (65.5%). Job satisfaction was supported by policy indicators, supervision, salary, interpersonal relationships, and good working conditions. On the other hand, nurses' job satisfaction on the content factor still needs to be optimized. This is supported by the job satisfaction of nurses on the indicators of responsibility, achievement, performance recognition that has not reached 60%. Therefore, job satisfaction among nurses in inpatient primary health care was quite good enough but still requires optimization on the content factor.


BACKGROUND
Aggressive management of blood glucose reduces future diabetes-related complications, but this is difficult to achieve.

METHODS
This randomized, controlled study tested the effect of using a wireless two-way pager-based automated messaging system to improve diabetes control through facilitated self-management. The system sent health-related messages to patients, with automatic forwarding of urgent patient responses to the health care team.

RESULTS
Participants in both the experimental (pager) and the control groups experienced an average hemoglobin A1c decrease of 0.1-0.3%. More patients in the pager group were normotensive, and more felt that their health care was better by the end of the study. A total of 79% of participants enjoyed using the pager, and 68% wanted to continue using the system.

CONCLUSIONS
Utilizing a wireless, automated messaging system in clinical practice is a feasible, low-cost, interactive way to facilitate diabetes self-management, which is acceptable to patients. While providing a convenient way for patients and providers to communicate, this system can support automated recording and ready retrieval of these real-time interactions.


Introduction Paediatric chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a relatively common and disabling yet there is a limited evidence base for treatment. There is good evidence that Graded Exercise Therapy (GET) is moderately effective in adults with CFS/ME but there is no evidence for the effectiveness, cost effectiveness, acceptability or best method of delivery for paediatric CFS/ME. This study aims to investigate the acceptability and feasibility of a carrying out a multi-centre randomised control trial (RCT) investigating the effectiveness of GET compared with activity management for mildly and moderately affected children. Methods and analysis 100 paediatric patients (8–17 years) with CFS/ ME will be recruited from three UK specialist NHS CFS/ME services (Bath, Cambridge and Newcastle). Patients will be randomised (1:1) to receive either Graded exercise Therapy (GET) or Activity Management (AM). Feasibility analysis will include: the number of young person's eligible, approached and consented to the trial; attrition rate and treatment compliance; questionnaire and accelerometer completion rates. Integrated qualitative methods will ascertain perceptions of feasibility and acceptability of recruitment, randomisation and the intervention. All Adverse events (SAE/AEs) will be monitored to assess the safety of the trial. Ethics and dissemination The trial has received ethical approval from the National Research Ethics Service Committee NRES Committee South West – Frenchay (15/SW/0124). Trial registration number ISRCTN23962803


Specimens of CMIC and NaCMC were irradiated as solids and in aqueous solutions with Co/sup 60/ gamma rays at room temperature, and the direct and indirect irradration effects were studied. The viscosities and infrared spectra measured showed that degradation occurred in a random fracture of the main chain because the apparent energies of the main chain fracture of the samples for NaCMC in a vacuum, air, and an aqueous solution were 40, 20, and 0.4 ev, respectively. It was concluded that the scission of the main chain depends on the chain reaction with regard to the existence of water. (OID)


The noise generated by launch vehicles is examined in terms of the key source, radiation, instrumentation, and estimation issues. Basic source and acoustic radiation characteristics of un‐deflected rocket exhausts are compared and contrasted with those of supersonic jets. Next, the instrumentation demands of, and unique characterization methods applied to, rocket noise sound pressure measurements are discussed. Finally, on vehicle sound pressure measurements during the launch from a covered pad are presented. Contradictions between these loads and those predicted using traditional lift‐off loads methods are highlighted. This paper concludes with a brief outline of research and instrumentation needed to improve agreement between the physics of the prediction model and the actual measured lift‐off loads.


A question of central importance in this contest is to what extent the OH-LIF intensity can be assumed to be proportional to the OH desorption rate. It is demonstrated in this work, that this assumption is not generally valid in the pressure regimes where measurements have been performed.