c http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-1406  Corresponding author AbSTRACT Resource and financial support for economic growth is the most important economic task that requires an instant solution. A study of nature, institutional structure, efficiency and sustainability of the savings system in Russia may contribute to this solution and is defined as the subject of this research. The aim of the article is to test the methodology for the sustainability assessment of the savings system in Russia. The methods of system analysis and mathematical statistics represent the methodological basis of the research. The fundamental Раз-savings and processes for the economy provided the starting point of the study The authors consider national savings as an investment resource, which is formed through the institutional structure of the national savings system and the instrumental environment, and their sufficiency ensures stable economic growth of the country. The central point of the research within the framework of the article is the analysis of the intermediary function of the savings system, which optimizes the main parameters of the savings market — the demand for savings resources and their supply, and well as their financial stability assessment The main result of the study provides further development of the previous approach to understanding the essence of the system of national savings (NSS) and its sustainability assessment, in terms of the economic security of the country as well. In addition, the authors attempted to assess the stability limits of the national savings system using mathematical statistics tools. The subject area of the article and the results of the study provide new knowledge about the nature, conditions and sustainability assessments of national savings systems and significantly contribute to the scientific discussion of the current and future trends of the world economy development and economic growth supported by finances and resources.


The main goal of the article was to study the organizational structure, principles of the control system and motivation of groups of creators of nuclear weapons in the USSR in the 40-50-s of the twentieth century. The article shows the political situation that preceded the period of creating nuclear weapons in the USSR, the system of organizing R&D of the US military-industrial complex in the 40s and 70s, the retaliatory steps taken by the USSR leadership to create nuclear weapons of the defense triad, the organizational structure for creating nuclear weapons in the USSR in 40-50-s of the XX century. The weapons production management system created at that time subsequently demonstrated outstanding results in other projects. It is concluded that the success of the "atomic project" was possible, including due to the principles that make up the so-called "Russian management system", which the organizers and executors of the project, individually and collectively, perceived as their own. The main principles of the management system that emerged during the implementation of the project: a high level of national-state ambitions; mobilization and redistribution of resources in key areas; the creation of centralized control, and, if necessary, control and repressive structures; creation of parallel management structures; autonomy of grassroots units; widespread use of third-party administrative, intellectual and technological resources.


The goal of this research was to develop a model of architecture for a virtual one-stop public administration. The first part of our work was to collect data during a six-month survey in a Swiss cantonal administration and to conduct an online survey of Internet users in order to discover their expectations. Using this data we identified and classified the different relations or interactions that a public administration can have with its clients. Then we categorized the different functions and departments of an administration, as well as the different types of clients. After having defined this typology we built a model of a one-stop public administration, studying both the structural and the behavioural aspects of such a system. Finally we proposed a component-based architecture for building this system on the Internet, showing how it relates to the conceptual model and why this architecture suits our needs best.


To explain the literature by the legal angle of view,to inquire about that the legal regime and draw the conclusion by the literary work,is a new method to do the legal science research.Through the legal explanation on the Peacock Flies Southeast,this article discover that the legal status of the Han Dynasty woman who live in early time at feudal society,are different from what we used to know,and has its own characteristics,which display in: in the diplomatic relation they enjoy part equal rights;in the marriage relation they has the right of independence;the society holds many intolerance to the second marriage of the woman.


A dynamic holographic unit for plate deflection registration under impulse loading by reflected light has been developed using the scheme of holography registration of focused images. By means of the monopulse laser, the method of double exposition has been used for testing models of organic glass or epoxy resin exposed to impulse action of duration up to 12-15 {mu}s. The holographic interferograms for a specific instant of deformation have been recorded by means of an electronicsynchronizing system of the process in question with light pulse up to I {mu}s, three pulses (pumping laser lamp, loading, and laser radiation) being matched. Experimental results have been compared with theoretical data of V. Nemchinov.


This thesis aimed to the identification of immune biomarkers of mycobacterial infection for better diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and also focused on new vaccination strategies with a particular em ...


Since 1987, a small team from BICC has been looking into CSCW and, more particularly, multimedia communications. BICC was involved in the RACE I project DIMUN. The focus of the DIMUN project was to discover how to use multimedia communications to allow a group of people who are geographically separated to work together as effectively as a group working together in a single room. As a result of the success of DIMUN, BICC joined a RACE application pilot called BRICC (Broadband Integrated Communications in Construction). This has two aims; to reproduce the DIMUN results using ISDN, and to address the requirements of Balfour Beatty, the construction arm of the BICC Group: As a result of these projects, BICC has become aware of some of the critical issues in the application of CSCW. In this paper the author looks at these. The issues are broken down into a number of areas-need, quality, usability, control and security.


Organizations improve their business processes regularly to react to clients' requests, changing business environments, or regulations. However, applying a changed process design directly in an organization is risky: frequently, process changes do not result in actual improvements. In this demo, we present a tool for AB testing of process versions with reinforcement learning techniques and a new approach to human control of the procedure. The goal of the tool is a fair and fast comparison in the production environment. As the system might not have all information required to make informed decisions, we propose how human experts can be put in control.


The authors have fabricated a ridge waveguide electroabsorption modulator based on the quantum-confined Stark effect in InGaAsP/InGaAsP multiple quantum wells. The drive voltage for 12-dB extinction ratio is 1.2 V, and the frequency response is flat within 2 dB from DC to 20 GHz. Operation at 20 Gb/s is reported. Extensive data concerning the parasitic phase modulation (chirping) are obtained as a function of applied bias acid operating wavelength.<<ETX>>


This paper discussed the method of easily calculating the optical distribution ratio and the power of optical transmitter by agilely using the excel sheet and its function.


This paper is a quantitative, equilibrium study of the insurance role of severance pay when workers face displacement risk and markets are incomplete. A key feature of our model is that, in line with an established empirical literature, job displacement entails a persistent fall in earnings upon re-employment due to the loss of tenure. The model is solved numerically and calibrated to the US economy. In contrast to previous studies that have analyzed severance payments in the absence of persistent earning losses, we find that the welfare gains from the insurance against job displacement afforded by severance pay are sizable.


Each chapter consists of a brief introduction, generally of about a page, to the time period or subject under consideration, followed by a selection of documents. A lengthier commentary, generally of six to eight pages, concludes each chapter, explaining and contextualizing the documents involved. The format works very well, providing students with primary source material as well as a narrative explaining some of the significance of the documents. In the chapter on the Gilded Age, for instance, documents cover subscription publishing, copyright, royalties, and the development of typesetting machines. Many of these focus on Mark Twain, and the commentary "Mark Twain—The Complex World of a Successful Author" discusses Twain in the context of these documents: how he was affected by copyright and the lack thereof, how he made use of subscriptions to sell books, and how he invested, unsuccessfully, in the Paige typesetter, which lost out to the Linotype. By bringing together the narrative and the supporting texts, the authors show not only the significance of the documents but how history is done. An accompanying "Image Archive" on CD-ROM contains almost two hundred digital images that can be explored by chapter or topic. These images (of books, magazines, manuscripts, technologies, and readers) differ from and are meant to supplement the documents in the book. The images are easily accessible through a Web browser and could be displayed in a classroom setting. Perspectives on American Book History is, in some ways, a misnomer. As the preface indicates and as the documents make clear, this is really a book on print culture, of which books are just one aspect. Print culture also includes magazines, newspapers, and manuscripts, all of which are covered in this book. Perspectives on American Book History is an excellent resource that could stand alone as a text for courses on the history of the book in the United States or as a supplementary text for American history surveys.


It is well known that rearing ectotherm animals under low temperatures enhances their growth and decelerates development. In the present study, a group of early prometamorphic tadpoles of the green toad, Bufo viridis viridis was reared in the cold room (experimental) and another in the laboratory under room temperature (control) for two months. By the end of the experiment, the experimental group gained a bigger average body weight, and larger dimensions than the control. The latter, on the other hand, achieved more advanced developmental stages. Unlike many of the control animals, none of the experimental tadpoles reached climax by the time the experiment was ended, i.e. after two months. Histological and electron microscopically examination of the epidermis of experimental animals showed gradual erosion of the epidermis and heavy deposition of collagen in the dermis. At the time the experiment was ended, the epidermis was almost completely lost. The study also showed the breakdown of the skeletal muscle fibers into small segments of two or three sarcomeres. Eventually, the tadpoles became incapable of locomotors movements, a result that may recorded for the first time. The present results are in general accordance with previous studies on ectotherms regarding effects of low temperatures on growth and differentiation.


We prove that for every infinite-dimensional Banach space X with a Frechet differentiable norm, the sphere S-X is diffeomorphic to each closed hyperplane in X. We also prove that every infinite-dimensional Banach space Y having a (not necessarily equivalent) C-p norm (with p is an element of N boolean OR {infinity}) is C-p diffeomorphic to Y \ {0}.


Abstract : We devised a set of sensors for the vital signs of troops with each sensor providing radio transmission to a personal receiver unit. The project is part of an overall program with the sensor development at the University of Tennessee and other work done under separate contract at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Device prototypes were constructed as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), each containing a radio transmitter of 1-2 meter range. These are termed "telesensors". A telesensor chip for body temperature was fabricated and demonstrated to transmit temperature with an accuracy of 0.1 deg C using spread-spectrum radio transmission. Wireless pulse-rate signals were also demonstrated. The body-temperature telesensor is sufficiently small (3 mm X 3 mm) to fit within the ear canal. The chip developed needed external components which could only be eliminated with further work. Benchtop systems for blood-pressure and respiration were demonstrated with wireless radio transmission. The receiver unit is composed of discrete components and interfaced to a laptop computer. A receiver with long-range transmission was unfinished.


We discuss the behavior of the refractive index of a typical epoxy-aromatic diamine system. Near 850 nm the index of refraction is found to be largely controlled by the density of the epoxy. Models are derived to describe its dependence on temperature and extent of cure. Within the range of temperatures studied, the refractive index decreases linearly with increasing temperature. In addition, as the epoxy is cured, the refractive index increases linearly with conversion to the gel point. From then on, shrinkage in the volume of the epoxy is restricted by local viscosity. Therefore the linear relationship between the refractive index and the extent of cure does not hold beyond the gel point.


Many theories of Fascism rose prior to, during and after World War II. The author proposes a new theory In this paper, the essence of which is an analysis of "Fascism as a Political Community of Experience." This theory is based on the insights of the sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies (Gemeinschaft), the historian George Mosse (Bund), the author's terminology (Nihilist Order), and mainly those of Walter Benjamin. In a series of articles, Benjamin drafted an outline for the phenomenological aspects of Fascism that was composed of five elements: permanent violence; revolutionary dictatorship; nihilistic heroism; nationalism in the Age of the Masses; modern technology. Benjamin regarded Fascism as a political culture that strove to construct a community of experience by means of socialization, ritualization and mobilization of the masses. War, nationalism and technology played central roles in the constant political mobilization that consolidates the regime acting in a permanent state of conflict. At the core of this sociological, political and cultural phenomenon is the collective experience that serves as a communicational experience amongst its members. This organizing experience has no need of uniting ideological values but derives its power from radicalism without content. Fascism is born from the time that this experience of communal activity is politicized.


This is a summary of the main results of [9] concerning concentration of interpolated iterates of a Robbins-Monro scheme around the trajectory of a limiting differential equation from some time on.


Labor productivity is one of the factors determining the success of a development project of construction services. In measuring the level of labor productivity there are a variety of ways, one of them with the method of time study research was done by observing the level of productivity against 20 workers of the wall plus wall work and accompanied by a questionnaire filling 20 respondents workers. Observations were made during 12 working days. From the results of the collection, questionnaires performed processing with the help of the computer program SPSS (Statistical Package For Social Science) version 23. From the analysis that has been done can note that the magnitude of the productivity the average is 16.41 m2/days from the calculation of the total cost the implementation of wall work is Rp. 19,773,256.80 and the variable managerial has a dominant influence on the level labor's productivity


The problem of covert communication over Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channels is investigated, in which a transmitter attempts to reliably communicate with a legitimate receiver while avoiding detection by a passive adversary. The covert capacity of the MIMO AWGN channel is characterized under a variational distance covertness constraint when the MIMO channel matrices are static and known. The characterization of the covert capacity is also extended to a class of channels in which the legitimate channel matrix is known but the adversary's channel matrix is only known up to a rank and a spectral norm constraint.


Background: Although the Czech Republic weathered the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic with relatively low incidence, the second wave of the global pandemic saw it rank among countries bearing the greatest COVID-19 burden, both in Europe and on a worldwide scale. The aim of the nationwide prospective seroconversion (PROSECO) study was to investigate the dynamics of seroconversion of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in the Czech population. Methods: All clients of the second largest health insurance company in the Czech Republic were sent a written invitation to participate in this longitudinal study. The study includes the first 30,054 persons who provided a blood sample between October 2020 and March 2021. Seroprevalence was compared between calendar periods of blood sample collection, RT-PCR test results, sociodemographic factors, and other characteristics. Findings: The data show a dramatic increase in seropositivity over time, from 28% in October/November 2020 to 43% in December 2020/January 2021 to 51% in February/March 2021. These trends were consistent with government data on cumulative viral antigenic prevalence in the population captured by PCR testing although the seroprevalence rates established in this study were considerably higher than those listed in government data. Data pooled across the entire study period exhibited minor differences in seropositivity between sexes, age groups and body mass index categories; results were similar between test providing laboratories. Seropositivity was substantially higher among symptomatic vs. asymptomatic persons (76% vs. 34%). At least one third of all seropositive participants were asymptomatic, and 28% participants who developed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 never underwent PCR testing. Interpretation: Antibody response provides a better marker of past SARS-CoV-2 infection than PCR testing data. Our data on seroconversion confirm the rapidly increasing prevalence in the Czech population during the dramatically rising pandemic wave prior to the beginning of massive vaccination. The planned second and third assessment of the study participants (April 2021-September 2021, October 2021-March 2022) will provide valuable evidence on the seroprevalence changes following vaccination and persistence of antibodies resulting from natural infection and vaccination.


[Reaction: see text]. A cross-coupling reaction between acetates of Baylis-Hillman adducts and organosilanes is described. A nonconventional solvent poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is used as the reaction medium.


In this paper, the authors use a wonderful data set (from the Perdigão-2017 field campaign) to describe the 'characteristics of flow recirculation zones in complex terrain'. Overall, the paper is quite well written and the provided material is useful to serve the purpose of the paper. However, some of the 'ingredients' of what is called an 'algorithm' to detect recirculation zones and some of the analysis tools need some clarification and reasoning (see the 'minor comments').


World income inequality is comprised of uneven development between states and unequal distribution within states. Recent work shows that the "between-country" component still accounts for a majority of the total, but that attention is shifting to the "within-country" portion, which is growing in both absolute and relative terms. What is less appreciated, though, is that the way income is distributed within countries also plays an indirect role in how income differences are recognized between them. When a nation's income distribution is highly unequal, its mean income is substantially larger than the income of its average person, thereby masking a depreciation in living standards for those residing in the middle. The practical effect of this distortion is that poor, unequal countries seem wealthier than they really are when using mean incomes to represent country averages, as is typically done. I address this shortcoming in prior work by estimating between-country inequality using median incomes. My analysis covers the 1990–2017 period for 123 countries that represent over 90 percent of the world's population. According to Theil's T, I find that (a) inequality in median incomes is almost 15 percent higher than inequality in mean incomes, and that (b) median incomes are converging about 7.5 percent more slowly than mean incomes. This translates to a higher level of world income inequality, which is likewise converging at a slower rate. Overall, I find that the direct and indirect effects of national inequality are now responsible for about half of the world's income inequality.


Action-oriented vocational education is not only a key field in which advanced foreign experience can be explored,but also an important aspect of vocational teaching reform in our country.This paper discusses the thoughts and practice in the International Business Negotiation course reform.It analyzes the mission and countermeasures of International Business Negotiation teaching reform in Guangdong Textile Polytechnic.Based on certain chapters of this Course,it explains the implementation and reform attempts of role playing pedagogy for classroom teaching model and analyses what should be noted in practice,with a view to illustrate the theory basis and connotation of this method and its application in the course teaching.


In the first of four studies reported here, it was demonstrated that employing randomly selected client disclosures as goals in a Goal Attainment Scale method of assessing outcome in group therapy yielded positive outcome results, adding support to the use of this method of therapy outcome assessment. In the second study, employing the GAS method it was demonstrated that the percentage of positive and negative statements per minute had more impact on outcome than the number of minutes spent discussing the problem. In the third study, employing the same outcome assessment methodology, it was shown that the greater the discloser's difference in emotional induction versus subsequent reduction when discussing his or her disclosure, the greater the positive therapeutic outcome from the group. In the final study, a new method of global improvement based on the DSM III was compared with the GAS outcome. It was shown that the DSM III global assessment methodology was sensitive to the same outcome measured by the ...


Amid a sharp decline in the household savings rate after the currency crisis, the variability of private consumption has increased to a level exceeding the variability of GDP. Although there are various factors underlying the increase in the variability of private consumption, there is a likelihood that an increase in the number of simple consumption households without savings has a constant impact on it. The paper divides household into two groups, optimal households and simple consumption households, depending on whether the household has savings, and then analyzes what impact the increase in the ratio of simple consumption households has on the transmission lag and effectiveness of monetary policy, using Gali et al.(2004-a) According to the simulation, when the shock of a cut in the call rate occurs, the effect of consumption growth in the first quarter expands as the ratio of simple consumption household rises whereas the variability of aggregate consumption enlarges as the duration of shock response's effects becomes shorter. The result demonstrates that it is more effective for the central bank to respond positively to inflation rather than to economic conditions in alleviating the variability of macroeconomic variables, which results from the fact that the variability of consumption is relaxed if real wages are stabilized through price stability.


The Mad package described here facilitates the evaluation of first derivatives of multidimensional functions that are defined by computer codes written in MATLAB. The underlying algorithm is the well-known forward mode of automatic differentiation implemented via operator overloading on variables of the class fmad. The main distinguishing feature of this MATLAB implementation is the separation of the linear combination of derivative vectors into a separate derivative vector class derivvec. This allows for the straightforward performance optimization of the overall package. Additionally, by internally using a matrix (two-dimensional) representation of arbitrary dimension directional derivatives, we may utilize MATLAB's sparse matrix class to propagate sparse directional derivatives for MATLAB code which uses arbitrary dimension arrays. On several examples, the package is shown to be more efficient than Verma's ADMAT package [Verma 1998a].


Crosshole ground penetrating radar (GPR) tomography play an important role in geoscientific and engineering investigations recent years. Traditional tomography based on ray theory can't provided high resolution images. Here, we realized a full-waveform inversion which can exploit all information present in the observed data. The inversion use the steepest descent method based on a finite-difference time-domain inversion of Maxwell's equations. We build a complex model which have three layers and two subwavelength pipes. Synthetic data of this model was applied by using the full-waveform inversion. Three results of different setting of FWI are given and compared. In the last experimentation the source wavelet is estimated and this procedure is very necessary. This work shows FWI can provide high solution images of sufwavelength but the results of simultaneous inversion based on the estimated wavelet are not good enough. We will continue to improve the method in the future.


This book, first published in 1981, applies the variational principles of mechanics to electromagnetic problems, creating a streamlined, practical method for solving electromagnetic field calculations. The author explains how it is possible to obtain upper and lower bounds to the equilibrium energy by the dual formulation of the electromagnetic equations' structure, in which the coordinates and momenta are interchanged. Other advantages of the dual formulation are considered, and the author provides full details of the basis of the method, an account of Lagrangian mechanics, and a number of fully worked examples.


Carbon materials with at least one dimension of 1?100 nm are called carbon nanomaterials. A significant body of previous research in physics, chemistry and biology has demonstrated that the properties...


Background: Listeria monocytogenes can grow in a variety of foods that are stored in refrigerators. This bacterium can adhere to various surfaces and form biofilms. Given that refrigerator temperature can support bacterial growth and proliferation, increasing the number of bacteria in refrigerator spaces endangers the consumer's health. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of L. monocytogenes and the sanitary conditions of commercial refrigerators used in food supply centers in Khuzestan province, southwest Iran. Materials and Methods: Overall, 204 swap samples were collected from the inner surfaces of various industrial refrigerators in five different zones. The samples were enriched in Listeria enrichment broth and cultured on PALCAM agar plates. Suspected colonies were identified by biochemical tests and the polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the sanitary condition of the refrigerator, method and duration of refrigerator cleaning, last washing date, and type of the applied detergent were recorded, and the antibacterial susceptibility of the isolates was tested as well. Results: The results demonstrated that four refrigerators (1.96%) located in Ahvaz (center) and Ramhormoz (east) were contaminated with L. monocytogenes. The internal temperatures of 67% of the refrigerators were above 5 °C, and most operators used a mixture of water and a dishwasher or water alone to clean their refrigerators. In addition, 31.9% of the refrigerators were in an unfavorable cleaning condition, and 32.8% of the refrigerators were not sealed properly. The isolates were resistant to streptomycin and represented intermediate resistance to tetracycline and penicillin. Conclusion: The contamination of industrial refrigerators with antibiotic-resistant L. monocytogenes may pose a threat to public health. Authorities should increase the monitoring of industrial refrigerators and provide the necessary training for refrigerator users.


OBJECTIVES
To use quality improvement methodology to improve the assessment and treatment of neuropathic pain caused by chemotherapy-related nerve injury.

DATA SOURCES
Review and research articles, assessment scales, and textbooks.

CONCLUSIONS
Assessment and treatment algorithms improved peripheral neuropathy-related pain scores. Patient satisfaction with medication effectiveness decreased over time. Medication costs increased, but specialist-referral costs decreased.

IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE
Nurse-led quality improvement work can lead to positive changes in clinical practice.


This paper introduces FRONTIER-1; the first chip developed for Fieldbus Interface which integrates complete functions including the modem and the transceiver required for implementing H1 Fieldbus Physical Layer Specification (Wire media, Voltage mode, 31.25 kbps). FRONTIER-1 contains high-voltage bipolar devices to drive the bus, analog circuits such as Op-amps, comparators and a voltage reference for drive control, voltage regulation and filters, and CMOS for the modem circuits. The integration of the transceiver and the modem was accomplished by using high-voltage Bi-CMOS process technology. On transmitting, FRONTIER-1 adds the frame delimiters and preambles to the messages supplied by a host CPU, generates FCS (Frame Check Sequence), and performs Manchester encoding. Transmitted digital signal is converted to the analog signal on the bus. On receiving, the signal on the bus is digitized, and modem circuits decode Manchester data and check FCS, and a host CPU reads the messages.<<ETX>>


Amendments of the Law on Income Tax and increase of the personal deduction will result in the decrease of liabilities and payments of employment income tax. Since income tax is a joint income of state and local governments, cities and municipalities will get a smaller portion of the funds to finance their needs, also many programs and activities of cities and municipalities will come into question. In order to achieve plans and forecasted activities, cities and municipalities introduced an increase of surtax. With this increase of surtax local self-government units tried to compensate for the decreased income and cash inflow from employment income tax. This paper strives to explore the thesis that local selfgovernment units, through the increase or introduction of additional surtax, attempt to collect the same amount of financing funds as in previous periods.


We reanalyze the extraction of the heavy Higgs boson signal [ital H][r arrow][ital W][sup +][ital W[minus]][r arrow][ital [bar l]][nu],[ital l][bar [nu]] ([ital l]=[ital e] or [mu]) from the standard model background at hadron supercolliders, taking into account revised estimates of the top quark background. With new acceptance criteria the definition of the signal remains viable. Requiring a forward jet tag, a central jet veto, and a large relative transverse momentum of the two charged leptons yields [ital S]/ [radical][ital B] [gt]6 for one year of running at the SSC or CERN LHC.


Jessica Anne Masino Drass USING ART TO TEACH PROBLEM-SOLVING AND OTHER SOCIAL SKILLS TO ADOLESCENTS: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE R.A.T.E. PROGRAM 2008/2009 Dr. Roberta Dihoff and Dr. John Klanderman School Psychology The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of an after-school art program for at risk adolescents. The RATE Program is designed to give at-risk students a place where they can express their emotions in a positive way. Through various art activities, such as working together to design and paint a mural for the school, the students will learn problem solving and social skills. All of the adolescents who participated in the RATE Program were students at a rural regional high school in Southern New Jersey. Five students total attended the RATE Program regularly, ranging in age from fourteen to sixteen. It is hypothesized that when students behave better in their classes, the students' grades will increase and their rates of discipline referrals will decrease. This was analyzed by taking a student's grade point average and number of discipline referrals at the end of the second and third marking periods. While there is no statistical significance to any of the data found in the study, there can be value in implementing a program such as RATE in the high school setting.


Any Christian organization seeking to understand its role in today's world can do so only within the larger vision arising from the continuing revelation of the meaning of man, his relationship to God and to others, and his accelerated movement into the future. Central to this vision stands man, responsible for shaping his own future in creative response to the call from God to adult stewardship, inventiveness, and universal brotherhood in the kingdom. To help man respond to this call, God sent Jesus to reaffirm, clarify,1 and extend the initial vocation of all men to partici pate in building his kingdom. Christians, disciples of Jesus, are called to partici pate in his mission of unity, "that they all may be one" (John 17: 11-23).


The Homeless Vehicle is a jarring intervention in the landscapes of the evicted. Designed by Krzysztof Wodiczko, a New York artist, the vehicle was first exhibited in 1988. The prototype was constructed in consultation with homeless men and subsequently women; it was first tested in the streets of New York's Lower East Side, then elsewhere in the city and in Philadelphia. An ongoing project, it has undergone continual revision and modification, and there are now four variants. Its design and development has been funded by several art galleries and public art councils as well as by the artist himself, but it is more than simply a critical artwork heavy with symbolic irony; the Homeless Vehicle is deliberately practical. Indeed it works as critical art only to the extent that it is simultaneously functional.1 In this symbiosis of the functional and symbolic object, the Homeless Vehicle reveals a vital dimension of a spatialized politics, namely the importance of scale. Wodiczko's Homeless Vehicle and the Poliscar that followed it vividly express this politics of scale, and I begin with a discussion of these projects. There follows a brief discussion arguing more broadly that we lack any sophisticated language of spatial differentiation, and this theoretical project is taken up in the third section where I elaborate upon a schematic theory of the production of scale.


In order to enhance the extraction yield of arabinoxylan from wheat bran,the effect of temperature,time,the concentrations of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide and shaking speed on yield of arabinoxylan were investigated.Based on this,the optimization of extraction conditions of arabinoxylan was carried out and mathematical model was established through the quadratic regression orthogonal rotary combination design.Results indicated that when the extraction temperature,time,the concentrations of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide were 88℃,200min,0.16mol/L and 1.5% respectively,the yield(Y) reached the maximum(21.23%),which was consistent with the validate experiment result.


Voice biometric systems based on automatic speaker verification (ASV) are exposed to spoofing attacks which may com-promise their security. To increase the robustness against such attacks, anti-spoofing systems have been proposed for the detection of replay, synthesis and voice conversion based attacks. This paper summarizes the work carried out for the first author's PhD Thesis, which focused on the development of robust biometric systems which are able to detect zero-effort, spoofing and adversarial attacks. First, we propose a gated recurrent convolutional neural network (GRCNN) for detecting both logical and physical access spoofing attacks. Second, we propose a new loss function for training neural networks classifiers based on a probabilistic framework known as kernel density estimation (KDE). Third, we propose a top-performing integration of ASV and anti-spoofing systems with a new loss function which tries to optimize the whole voice biometric system on an expected range of operating points. Finally, we propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) for generating adversarial spoofing attacks in order to use them as a defense for building higher robust voice biometric systems. Experimental results show that the proposed techniques outperform many other state-of-the-art systems trained and evaluated in the same conditions with stan-dard public datasets.


Dentigerous Cysts are odontogenic cysts that develop by accumulation of fluid between reduced enamel epithelium and a crown of an unerupted tooth. It is most frequently found in individuals in the age group between 20 and 40 years. A case of Dentigerous Cyst in a 9-year-old male patient was studied. On physical examination, temporary teeth persistence and swelling of the alveolar process with firm consistency were observed with no handling pain and erasure of the vestibular sulcus was noted in right upper jaw. On occlusal radiograph, a great area radio lucid image involving the whole right alveolar ridge and maxillary sinus with the teeth presence was observed inside. Surgical access to the maxillary sinus was gained under general anesthesia, then the rehabilitation with denture (which denture partial / complete / cast partial) was made. Dentigerous Cysts are frequently found in our practice, so it is crucial to follow up with research in order to avoid complications and decide on the best treatment according to the individual case of each patient.


Observations show that Australian dust activity varies by a factor of 4 on decadal timescales. General circulation models, however, typically fail to simulate this variability. Here we introduce a new dust parameterization into the NOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory climate model CM3 that represents land surface processes controlling dust sources including soil water and ice, snow cover, vegetation characteristics, and land type. In an additional novel step, we couple this new dust parameterization to the dynamic vegetation model LM3. In Australia, the new parameterization amplifies the magnitude and timescale of dust variability and better simulates the El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐dust relationship by more than doubling its strength. We attribute these improvements primarily to the slow response time of vegetation to precipitation anomalies and show that vegetation changes account for approximately 50% of enhanced dust emission during El Niño events. The amplified dust leads to radiative forcing over Australia greater than −1 and −20 W/m2 at top of atmosphere and surface, respectively.


After being basified,amphoteric hydroxyethylcellulose was obtained by straw cellulose as raw material reacting with chloroacetic acid,then with 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(GTA),which by microwave radiation method to expand cellulose activation area to synthesis of amphoteric cellulose,a new flocculant.The sodium carboxymethyl cellulose synthesis in the optimum conditions were that straw powder was 5 g,chloroacetic acid 6 g,70% aqueous ethanol solution,radiation time 9 min,NaOH 5 g,reaction temperature 80 ℃.The optimum conditions of quaternization of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were that sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(DS 1.16)3 g,epoxy propyl three methyl ammonium chloride 5.5 g,80% of isopropyl alcohol aqueous solution 50 mL,10% NaOH aqueous solution 45 mL,reaction temperature 80 ℃,radiation time 10 min,reaction time 5 h.Under the condition of described above,synthetic amphoteric cellulose flocculant carboxymethyl degree of substitution was 1.16,and the quaternary ammonium group degree of substitution was 1.12.The practical treatments were studied by using the new flocculant to dispose of effluents.The flocculation experimantal results showed that the optimum conditions were found as follows:temperature 30 ℃,pH=8,the suitable ratio of solid to liquid at 0.35 g/100 mL.Under these conditions,light transmission rate is more than 70%,the flocculation effect was satisfied.


The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of household soymilk industry
and know the problems faced and efforts to overcome them. The research, at household
soymilk industry "Bu Ade" which was located at Jalan Panuluh 379A, Pringwulung,
Yogyakarta, method used was descriptive. The data used are primary and secondary
data. Data collection techniques were observation, interview, and record keeping. The
results showed that the value of R/C>1,08, capital profitability value of I�/C ie 7,90,
profit margin value of I�/R ie 4,85%, and coefficient of variation obtained was smaller
than the standard coefficient of variation, namely 0,06<0,5. Breakeven analysis showed
that the soymilk production was higher than the value of the BEP, 10.647,92
units/month>9168,73 units/month, industry acceptance of household soymilk was
greater than the BEP value, Rp 26.619.791,67/month>Rp 22.921.823,85/month, and
soya prices was also above the BEP value, Rp 2.500,00/unit>Rp 2.300,90/unit. Thus the
household industry of soymilk "Bu Ade" in Yogyakarta could be said to be beneficial
and feasible to develop. The results showed that the sensitivity analysis of soybean price
increases (input) up to 71% was still profitable. Analysis of changes in the price of
soymilk products (output) showed that if there was price decrease of 7,96%, the
household industry of soymilk suffered losses.


iii 01 Dynamic aeroelastic effects turned off, qsae0 1 02 Baseline DASE configuration, base0 8 03 Damp1 with CGI DASE perturbations relative to HUD turned off, disp0 17 04 1st mode increased to 1.45 Hz; all others by same frequency ratio, stif1 26 05 1st mode increased to 1.80 Hz; all others by same frequency ratio, stif2 35 06 1st mode increased to 2.00 Hz; all others by same frequency ratio, stif3 43 07 Modal damping increased to 0.07 for modes 1 & 2, damp1 54 08 Modal damping increased to 0.15 for modes 1 & 2, damp2 62 09 Modal damping increased to 0.30 for modes 1 & 2, damp3 70 10 Modal damping increased to 0.30 for mode 1, damp4 79 11 Modal damping increased to 0.30 for mode 2, damp5 89 12 Modal damping increased to 0.07 for modes 1 4, damp6 98 13 Modal damping increased to 0.15 for modes 1 4, damp7 107 14 Modal damping increased to 0.30 for modes 1 4, damp8 115 15 Modal damping increased to 0.30 for modes 1 & 3, damp9 124 16 Modal damping increased to 0.30 for modes 2 & 4, damp10 134 17 Modes 1 & 2 control excitation eliminated, canc1 144 18 Modes 1 & 2 control excitation eliminated, modes 1-4 damped at 0.07, 153 canc2 19 Modes 1 & 2 control excitation eliminated, modes 1-4 damped at 0.15, 163 canc3 20 Modes 1 & 2 control excitation eliminated, modes 1-4 damped at 0.30, 171 canc4


A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay has been developed to detect pineapple bacilliform virus (PBV) in extracts from infected plants. Initially, degenerate primers were designed from conserved badnavirus amino acid sequences and used in PCR with partially purified PBV preparations. A 448 bp DNA fragment was amplified from a region in the reverse transcriptase and ribonuclease H genes. The nucleotide sequence of the cloned PCR product indicated that PBV was related to, but distinct from, other badnaviruses. Specific primers designed from the PBV sequence yielded a 403 bp fragment when used in PCR with extracts from infected pineapple plants, but not from plants infected with sugarcane bacilliform or banana streak viruses (genus Badnavirus). The specificity of the PCR product was confirmed by Southern hybridisation using a digoxigenin labelled DNA probe. PBV appears to be present in all pineapple growing areas along the east coast of Australia. PBV was detected in plants grown from seeds, plants propagated through meristem tip culture and in mealybugs which were collected from infected plants. PBV was detected in crown, leaf and root tissue from infected pineapple plants. PCR results of all field-infected samples were confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy.


The Politics of Location in Notes toward A Politics of Location written by Adrienne Rich is a window to liberal feminism.The Politics of Location reflects a feminist epistemology or standpoint and implies that the subjectivity of individual female can be exaggerated.To attach great importance to different locations among feminine groups undoubtedly transcends the gender theory which presents argument based merely on gender.Although this transcendence is limited,the Politics of Location reflects that females lack adequate group identity and have wrong self-identity.


OBJECTIVE:To investigate the status quo,development tendency and the rationality in the utilization of oral antihypertensive drugs in our hospital for clinical reference of drug use.METHODS:By a retrospective method,the utilization of antihypertensive drugs in our hospital during 2010-2012 were analyzed statistically and retrospectively in terms of drug types,consumption sum and DDDs etc.RESULTS:Over the three years,both the consumption sum and DDDs of oral antihypertensive drugs showed an upward trend.Angiotensin-II receptor blockers(ARB) and calcium channel blockers(CCB) ranked among the top 2 on the consumption list,assuming dominant place in antihypertensive drugs.The top 3 drugs ranked by consumption sum were valsartan,amlodipine and metoprolol in 2010,and the top 3 drugs ranked by consumption sum in both 2011 and 2012 were amlodipine,valsartan and irbesartan.Valsartan and amlodipine always dominated the top 3 places in terms of DDDs.CONCLUSION:The utilization of oral antihypertensive drugs in our hospital was basically rational;ARB and CCB were the main oral antihypertensive drugs used in our hospital.


Looking to 21st-century infrastructure needs, the U.S. Department of Transportation is directing considerable effort and resources to creating new and more efficient intermodal links. The authors's working thesis is that it is a national imperative to build upon these intermodal initiatives and develop new types of multimodal transportation infrastructure that will help American industries compete and win in the decades ahead. In the latter half of this article, the author describes one such prototype infrastructure, known as Global TransPark, being designed and developed in North Carolina for this purpose.


It is the intent of this paper to demonstrate how purely probabilistic arguments can be used to formulate a rational (phenomenonological) model of the particulate media that comprise pavement systems. It is demonstrated that for a special case the resulting mathematical equations for vertical stress distribution generated by the deterministic and probabilistic approaches are very similar. However, the major distinction between the two models is that the probabilistic model for vertical stress depends on parameters and the concept of the distribution of stress at a point.


A former investigation [R. Ying and M. H. Peters, J. Chem. Phys. 91, 1287 (1989)] on the rotational dynamics of rigid and partially flexible macromolecules in solution by means of Brownian dynamics simulation methods is extended to a trimer or three‐body macromolecular model. We present expressions for the torque constraints in rigid and semirigid trimer systems that allows for a comprehensive simulation of the translational, rotational, and coupled translational–rotational motions of the three interacting spherical Brownian particles comprising the trimer (trumbell). The torque constraint expressions are verified by comparisons of the Brownian dynamics simulation results to exact analytical results for a rigid trimer system (Appendix). Computer simulations and analytical solutions for the rigid trimer system indicate that the inclusions of rotational motions of the model's elements can have an appreciable effect on macromolecular dynamics. Macromolecular flexibility can also be easily introduced into the...


This paper examines to what extent diffusion rates systematically vary depend-ing on the type of decision maker involved in adopting the product The superior-ity of producers' information-processing ability is considered as one of the most important qualitative differences between producers and consumers as potential adopters. It is found that the speed of adoption is more rapid for producer goods than for consumer goods. The difference in the rate of adoption can be ex-plained by a more rapidly falling price path and more rapid entry into markets for new producer goods. In order to find out why price falls more rapidly for new producer goods, we estimate the learning curve for producer goods and con-sumer goods. Our analysis shows that learning-by-doing is more extensive for producer goods. Therefore, we conclude that the learning curve is one important source of product diffusion.


Data-driven temporal filtering technique is integrated into the time trajectory of Teager energy operation (TEO) based feature parameter for improving the robustness of speech recognition system against noise. Three kinds of data-driven temporal filters are investigated for the motivation of alleviating the harmful effects that the environmental factors have on the speech. The filters include: principle component analysis (PCA) based filters, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) based filters and minimum classification error (MCE) based filters. Detailed comparative analysis among these temporal filtering approaches applied in Teager energy domain is presented. It is shown that while all of them can improve the recognition performance of the original TEO based feature parameter in adverse environment, MCE based temporal filtering can provide the lowest error rate as SNR decreases than any other algorithms.


The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage disposal technology and particularly relates to a concentrated and integrated sand and water separation device. The concentrated and integrated sand and water separation device aims at separating sand and water in sand and water mixed liquid discharged from a grit chamber of a sewage disposal plant, reinforcing removal of fine sand and reducing organic content on sand surfaces to further release a carbon resource. According to the technical scheme, the concentrated and integrated sand and water separation device comprises a sand concentrator and a sand and water separator; the sand and water separator comprises a collection hopper water tank and a spiral sand washing device; the sand concentrator is connected to the collection hopper water tank. The concentrated and integrated sand and water separation device is used for separating the sand and the water in the sewage disposal plant, reinforcing the removal of the sand, reducing the organic content on the sand surfaces and promoting organic entrapment.


Introduction The "Big-Bang Theory" is the golden standard explanation of the origin, development and current state of the physical universe, e.g., essentially based on the assumption that the universe began approximately 13.7 Billion years agoas caused by a nuclear explosion of an extremely small and condensed lump of all of the mass in the universe, e.g., no bigger than a "tennis ball"! Indeed according to this 'Big-Bang Theory', the entire creation of all the millions of galaxies, solar systems and planets, black holes, the vast regions of inter-galactic space, and all of the subatomic particles and electromagnetic energy that exists in the universe – were all "caused" by this initial 'Big-Bang' explosion, which is also the 'cause' for the observed accelerated expansion of the universe, e.g., which is currently explained by the existence of (empirically unobserved) "dark-matter" and "dark-energy, e.g.,


Consider secure transmissions over the downlink of a multiuser MISO system with independent confidential messages, each of which is intended for one of the users and should keep secret from others. We are interested in a scenario where users have individual secrecy rate requirements. This scenario is practical but has drawn little attention in the literature so far. In this paper, we propose a secrecy rate balancing algorithm which tries to fulfill the secrecy rate requirements of users, and maximizes the minimum margin which is defined as the difference between the available secrecy rate and the required rate for each user. This algorithm balances out all the secrecy rate margins until an equilibrium is reached. We derive a necessary condition for the optimal solution. Finally, theoretical results are illustrated by numerical simulations.


The primary energy and its spectrum are obtained by using compact Extensive Air Shower (EAS) arrays, the apparatus for restricting the EAS zenith angle, and the Linsley method. In this work, we carried out the simulation and the data analysis by taking into account of proton and iron primaries. The primary spectral indices α(proton) and α(iron) are obtained as α(proton) = −2:47 ± 0:17 and α(iron) = −3:38 ± 0:25, respectively, in the single observation of a compact EAS array, in the primary energy region of 10 16 eV to 10 18:5 eV. Additionally, α(proton) = −3:12 ± 0:13 and α(iron) = −3:52 ± 0:17 are obtained with each composition in the synchronized observation between the compact EAS array and the apparatus for restricting the EAS zenith angle in the same primary energy region.


SUMMARY During the past few years we have witnessed an ever growing knowledge of the cardio-pulmonary system. It has become possible to explain on a sound physiological basis many of the hitherto obscure phenomena concerned in the regulation of the pulmonary circulation. The exact significance of much of the data gathered in studying chronic pulmonary disease, however, still cannot be correlated satisfactorily. While it may be concluded that the disease alterations of the vascular bed must play a large role in the development of pulmonary hypertension, its exact position in the problem cannot be assessed adequately.


Ultra high intensity laser pulses are required by researchers for a growing number of applications such as laser-based particle acceleration for generation of ultrafast energetic electrons [1], laser based ion acceleration and attosecond light pulse generation.


The basic concept of this work is the hypothesis that all of the children have natural ability to speak, sing and listen. Learning by music is a holistic approach to the child. Upbringing through music and literature may be one of the basic concepts of contemporary pedagogy. Rapid technological changes caused the children to grow up without any aesthetic evaluation and with the consumption of fast instant culture without art. By adopting the first words, the child adopts the symbols of his own culture. It can also learn to sing as he learns to speak. If the approach for learning how to sing were the same as for learning how to speak, music would surely be an integral part of the culture of each individual. A child reciting literary verses creates a world in which he gets to be someone else, while singing he expresses his feelings. In this imagination of sensory and visual performances lies the possibility of learning music. The main thesis of this paper is in pointing out the similarity and the connection between language and music, the purpose of the work is to point out and refer to the teaching of music in the context of language learning.


How can new media positively transform scholarly practices? One possible way is for scholarly archives such as e-journals and digital libraries to better support the needs and practices of their users, instead of the publishing process. This article examines what it might mean to promote cognitive and social aspects of 'scholarship' through innovative archive design. Design requirements for supporting both scholarly tasks and scholarly communities are derived by analysing existing cognitive and social theories. A theoretical framework for guiding archive design is introduced: the contextually enriched document framework. This framework suggests that: document interfaces should enable practitioners to progressively enrich documents with important contextual information arising from social processes; and archive managers should engage in proactive practices to facilitate use and assist practitioners in realizing the benefits of the new technology. Both the design requirements and the framework are illustrated with examples from an existing electronic journal - The Journal of Interactive Media in Education .


Developing social skills is one of the basic aims of the contemporary school system. The process of mastering such skills by students is time-consuming for teachers. Video recording of the students' activities, followed by the analysis of the video and the corresponding future planning of the skills development can reduce the time of learning thereby increasing its effectiveness. However, in the personalized learning process, such a straightforward video recording has to comprise recording of each of the students, which is almost impossible. The paper proposes a solution to the above problem. The solution uses an intelligent machine learning tool. The proposed tool is based on realtime intelligent processing of the 360 video records of the students' cooperation activities. Such processing enables us to identify each student's video from the global video stream and to process it separately. It allows recognizing patterns of behavior that the student demonstrates during the exercise. The intelligent tool finds and highlights representative patterns that are appropriate and/or inappropriate according to the role the student has to perform during the activity. The intelligent video processing allows specifying sets of specific actions that each member of the group demonstrates according to his/her roles in the team. After finishing the activity, each student immediately gets personal feedback that reflects his/her success and failures during the activity. The proposed deep learning-based approach of pattern recognition was implemented as a software application. This application uses quite advanced hardware and software resources that enable the corresponding recording and processing. Nevertheless, students use conventional equipment (smartphone, laptop) to get feedback. Preliminary experimental results of our study are positive. They demonstrate encouraging prospects of integration of intelligent tools to support effective reflection of the students' teamwork in the elementary school.


Contains 50 digitized maps starting with the physical features, geology and geomorphology of West Bengal followed by a general distribution of the pre and pro-historic sites in different zones.


While true that there are numerous works on the history of French territorial administration during the contemporary era (19th and 20th centuries), they mainly focus on metropolitan situations, thus leaving aside overseas affairs which, despite the major role played by France throughout colonial expansion, have been largely neglected by the most recent studies. The purpose of this article is to briefly present one of the tropical forms of the French centralized model of administration, in French Cochinchina, a model from which the colonizer had no intention of departing. A model, nonetheless, that couldn't be further transposed as such. The resulting institutional hybridization was dictated by several factors linked with conquest and its legal framework, the conformation of a subjected society, but also financial considerations. This experience led to the adoption, albeit less through choice than necessity, of a form of direct rule which in turn was not without consequences on deconcentrated levels. This also meant maintaining the Vietnamese commune, although largely impaired by a progressive loss of autonomy destined to serve French domination.


Abstract The large intestine harbors microorganisms playing unique roles in host physiology. The beneficial or detrimental outcome of host‐microbiome coexistence depends largely on the balance between regulators and responder intestinal CD4+ T cells. We found that ulcerative colitis‐like changes in the large intestine after infection with the protist Blastocystis ST7 in a mouse model are associated with reduction of anti‐inflammatory Treg cells and simultaneous expansion of pro‐inflammatory Th17 responders. These alterations in CD4+ T cells depended on the tryptophan metabolite indole‐3‐acetaldehyde (I3AA) produced by this single‐cell eukaryote. I3AA reduced the Treg subset in vivo and iTreg development in vitro by modifying their sensing of TGFβ, concomitantly affecting recognition of self‐flora antigens by conventional CD4+ T cells. Parasite‐derived I3AA also induces over‐exuberant TCR signaling, manifested by increased CD69 expression and downregulation of co‐inhibitor PD‐1. We have thus identified a new mechanism dictating CD4+ fate decisions. The findings thus shine a new light on the ability of the protist microbiome and tryptophan metabolites, derived from them or other sources, to modulate the adaptive immune compartment, particularly in the context of gut inflammatory disorders.


In this paper we are considering the main theoretical and practical issues regarding the subliminal messages existing in supermarkets in Romania in order to report on the meaning of the concept of subliminal message and establish its influence on consumers. It also shows two studies aimed, on the one hand to present opinions, attitudes and behaviour of the population of Brasov when exposed to subliminal techniques used by retailers and, on the other hand, to explore the opinions, attitudes and assimilation possibility of subliminal techniques of small traders. This research aim to clarify the concept of subliminal messages and their role to enrich the aesthetic and functional values in sales. Key-words: subliminal message, buying behavior, hypermarket


This paper tries to give a summarized overview on both Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERP) and Business Process Management Systems (BPMS) in order to clarify some points as the business values of BPMS comparing with ERPs to the organizations using any of them and showing where each of them excel at and also reviewing the history and Evolution of each of them. Both systems are then examined in order to show the possibilities of cooperation and then opinions are offered to show whether there is a possibility for BPMS to replace ERP or vice versa or using each system separately and deciding on the order of implementation and deployment to the architectural platform or work together in an integrated environment or be integrated as one packaged solution.


Eur. Comm., IP/10/290, 17 March 2010, EDF commitments to open French electricity market to competition made legally binding, case COMP/39386 La Commission europeenne avait, dans le cadre de la…


"The right to a trial by an impartial jury is too important, and the threat to that right too great, to justify rigid insistence on actual proof of bias. Such a requirement blinks reality."1I. INTRODUCTIONVoir dire examination during jury selection serves to protect a litigant's right to an impartial trier of fact "by exposing possible biases, both known and unknown, on the part of potential jurors."2 The power of voir dire to expose jurors' possible biases is limited, however. Jurors sometimes fail to disclose material information in response to questions on voir dire, either inadvertently3 or deliberately.4What voir dire fails to expose may nevertheless come to light in other ways.5 After a trial, the discovery that a juror failed to disclose information relevant to the assessment of possible biases may cast doubt upon the juror's impartiality and the fairness of the verdict. One illustrative example comes from the Massachusetts case of Commonwealth v. Amirault.6 After a jury found Amirault guilty of rape and other sexual crimes, a member of the public who had read a newspaper article about the trial and seen a photograph of the jurors telephoned Amirault's attorneys.7 The caller reported that he recognized one of the jurors and claimed that the juror, as a teenager, had accused the caller's cousin of rape.8 The caller said that the case went to court and that his cousin received a prison sentence.9 For these reasons, the caller questioned "whether Amirault received a 'fair shake.'"10The record of Amirault's trial showed that, during jury selection, the juror in question denied having been "a party or victim in a civil or criminal case."11 In response to a question asking whether the juror, any members of her12 immediate family, or any close friends had "ever been a victim, witness, or defendant in a criminal case," the juror revealed only that a family member had been charged with the crime of driving under the influence.13 Amirault's counsel initiated an investigation after the caller's tip, and the investigation confirmed that a man was sent to prison for raping the juror.14Amirault moved for a new trial, and, at a hearing on the motion, the court heard testimony from the juror who failed to disclose that she had been raped.15 The juror testified that she remembered that "something" had happened to her as a child, but she claimed to have no memory of the nature of the incident.16 References to sexual assault and rape did not refresh her memory.17 Amirault's counsel made an offer of proof that, before the hearing, the juror's attorney told the court clerk that the juror was "involved in a sexual incident as a youngster but was unable to recall any details of the incident."18 The trial court nevertheless denied Amirault's motion.19 The court based its decision on a finding that the juror had provided honest answers during jury selection and that her nondisclosure of the rape was unintentional.20The validity of juries' verdicts in cases like Amirault is the subject of this Note, which addresses the issues of when a court should find that a juror intentionally concealed material information during voir dire and under what circumstances a court should grant a new trial on the basis of such a finding. Consideration of these issues begins in Part II with a discussion of the relevant protections of due process and their relationship to truthfulness during voir dire. In Part III, this Note traces the development of various rules that courts have fashioned for determining whether a juror's intentional nondisclosure of material information warrants a new trial. Part IV considers the importance of the appearance of justice and recommends that courts take a particular approach when a juror's intentional disclosure of material information comes to light. This Note concludes in Part V with summaries of the recommended approach and its underlying rationale.II. VOIR DIRE EXAMINATION IN LIGHT OF THE PROTECTIONS OF DUE PROCESSA. …


This manuscript studies the effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 on runoff at the catchment scale. The approach is based on a combination of models linking elevated CO2 to plant water demand (mediated by leaf area and stomatal conductance changes) and supply (depending on soil water access via changes in rooting depth). The approach is to my knowledge novel (despite building on several previous models and data analyses) and results are interesting. The topic is certainly suitable for HESS. However, I have some concerns regarding the theoretical setup of this work, specifically how different models have been linked and the consistency of underlying modelling assumptions.


We propose a new waveband MUX/DEMUX that uses two concatenated cyclic AWGs. The device can accommodate multiple input fibers simultaneously and as a result, the device cost and size of a waveband cross-connect can be significantly reduced.


In this paper the simulation of discrete cracks using triangular finite elements with an embedded interface is discussed. The formulation based on [2] is extended to geometric nonlinearity. The derivation starting from the kinematics for a divided body and the corresponding weak form of equilibrium is briefly described. Furthermore, some details concerning the numerical implementation are outlined. Finally, a three‐point bending test is analyzed.


1. The genetic association between prophage P22 (iota) and Salmonella genome can be demonstrated by bacterial crosses. The donor strain used is a P22 (iota) lysogenic Salmonella paratyphi B 6617 (O-1, 4, 5, 12) and the recipient is a P22 (iota) nonlysogenic his+, pro+ recombinant obtained from a cross between S. emek (O-(8), 20) donor and S. paratyphi B var. odense (O-1, 4, 12) recipient or a his+ recombinant (O-(8)) from a cross between S.emek (O-(8), 20) donor and S. paratyphi B 8006 (O-4, 5, 12) recipient. In the cross, some of the recombinants selected for possession of the pro+ locus of the donor have P22 (iota).In the reversed cross, with a nonlysogenic male strain S. emek (O-(8), 20) to a lysogenic female strain recombinant (O-(8)) from a cross between S. emek (O-(8), 20) donor and S. paratyphi B var, odense (O-1, 4, 12) recipient, some of the recombinants selected for possession of the pro+ or nic+ locus of the donor are transferred the P22 (iota) nonlysogeny of the donor. These results indicate that the genetic determinant of P22 (iota) lysogeny maps near pro not so far from nic.2. In a cross of a P22 (iota) nonlysogenic S. emek (O-(8), 20) F' donor with a P22 (iota) lysogenic O-(8) his+ recombinant F-recipient from a cross between S. emek (O-(8), 20) F' donor and S.paratyphi B var. odense (O-1, 4, 12) recipient, O-antigens of some of the pro+ or nic+ recombinants are changed from O-(8) to O-(8), 20. From a point of frequency of O antigen transfer, the genetic determinant of O antigen 20 is found to be situated near nic, not far away from pro.3. There are no manifestation of O antigen 20 in semirough recombinants having O antigen 4, 12 from a cross between a donor of S. abony (O-1, 4, 5, 12) Hfr and a recipient of S. emek (O-(8), 20) F-. The donor is the O-(8) his+ recombinant from a cross of a S. emek (O-(8), 20) F' donor to a S.paratyphi B 8006 (O-4, 5, 12) F- recipient and the recipient is semirough recombinant having O antigen 4, 12. In this cross, all of the recombinants which receive O antigen (8) from the donor become to manifest O antigen 20. This result indicates that O antigen (8) is necessary for the manifestation of the O antigen 20.


In order to measure the nitrogen content of the wheat crop, several non-destructive optical methods have been studied, both at field level and at laboratory level. A field test has been performed in one of the plots of the "Escola Superior d'Agricultura de Barcelona", at the Castelldefels campus of the UPC, and also an experimental part, in one of the laboratories of the same school. Four treatments of nitrogen fertilization (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N/ ha) have been applied, with three repetitions, arranged in the various blocks. Chlorophyll levels have been determined with the CCM sensor and the photosynthetically active (PAR) radiation with the ceptometer, in order to characterize the state of the crop. In the laboratory, the amount of chlorophyll was measured by using a CCM sensor. The photosynthetic activity has also been estimated with the fluorimeter, with which several fluorescence parameters (Y_II, Y_NPQ, Y_NO) have been determined. Finally, chlorophyll extraction and absorbance readings of the leaf samples were carried out with the spectrophotometer, and the chlorophyll content was correlated with the mentioned optical parameters. According to the results obtained, it has been observed how the measurements made with the CCM sensor, the photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophyll) and the photosynthetic activity, are highly correlated, obtaining an R2 very close to 1.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the relationship between culture and tourism, and the urban re-development process in Istanbul. Design/methodology/approach – The paper focuses on the case of Istanbul and reviews the city's goal of being a financial, tourism, culture and innovation center. Findings – The paper first points to the facts and main attractions of tourism as being tangible and intangible, and to the effects of national and local policies on cultural tourism development. In the second part, the review focuses on existing and ongoing projects in order to discuss their strengths and weaknesses, and the role of culture and tourism. Moreover, the paper presents a discussion of the conflicts based on main concepts such as consumption-led, production-led, economic development or quality of life goals, inclusive or exclusive processes, uniqueness or serial reproduction. Originality/value – The findings of the paper contribute to the literature by considering regeneration along with culture and tourism.


Few data are available on the effects of cyanocobalamin treatment on B12 status and neurological function in deficient but asymptomatic free‐living populations. The objective was to evaluate the effects of a single i.m. dose of 10,000 μg B12 on biomarkers and neurophysiology in Chilean elderly with B12 deficiency. The 34 subjects (70–79 y) were 52% female with serum B12 <148 pmol/L had been excluded for ethical reasons from a larger RCT of B12 supplementation. B12 intake was 2.4±1.0 μg/d (67% met the EAR). Change in serum B12, total homocysteine (tHcy), methylmalonic acid (MMA), holo‐transcobalamin (holo‐TC), and sensory peripheral neuroconduction were assessed 4 mo after treatment. Serum B12 increased (p<0.001) from 80 (44–121) to 231 (103–294) pmol/L after treatment and 78% exceed 148 pmol/L. Holo‐TC increased (p<0.001) from 35 (27–41) to 56 (40–85) pmol/L and MMA reduced (p<0.001) from 389 (263–654) to 220 (146–295) nmol/L. There were no significant changes in tHcy. At baseline, distal sensory latency of the right and left sural nerve was 3.4±0.3 msec and 3.3±0.3, respectively. The mean distal sensory latencies decreased (p<0.0001) to 3.0±0.3 msec on both sides. 9 subjects clasified as demyelinating neuropathy normalized their distal latency post‐treatment. B12 biomarkers and latencies of the sural nerves detected adverse effects of B12 deficiency on neural function and reversibility after treatment. Funded by FONDECYT #10700592


The control system of micro V-groove machining CNC machine was developed with Qt application tool.This paper described the micro V-groove processing technology,the control system hardware platform composed of " IPC+PMAC",and the CNC software for V-groove machining.The various functional modules in the software were developed on the platform of windows,and the part of motion control of the CNC software was programmed by calling PMAC's motion control functions.To achieve a visual effect of the numerical control interface and obtain the real situation of the processing on ahead,an important simulation module was also completed by using QOpen GL.The system can effectively control the running of the machine and translate the NC code into 3-D image before processing,which is very helpful for actual production.


This study attempted to determine an optimal protocol and parameters for bone scintigraphy. Forty-five volunteer male patients without clinical evidence of renal disease were enrolled in this study. Four image-quality parameters were considered clinically patient hydration, time interval between injection and bone scanning, injection dose of 99mTc-MDP (methylene diphosphonate), and scan speed of the gamma camera. The bone-to-soft tissue ratio (B: ST) in bone scintigraphy was optimized utilizing the Taguchi method. Nine combinations of these four parameters were applied and the Taguchi method was followed exactly. Analytical results suggested that optimal protocol for bone scintigraphy in males was 500ml hydration, time interval of 4 hours, 25 mCi of (superscript 99m)Tc-MDP, and 16 cm/min scanning. Moreover, time interval (confidence interval>95%) and injection dose (confidence interval>95%) were the dominant parameters. Using the Taguchi method, the affect of each variable on overall bone scintigraphy performance was individually identified and, via further calculations, an optimum set of variables was obtained.


The paper presents the capabilities and distinctive features of intelligent testing systems based on adaptive algorithms. The list of mechanisms inherent in computer systems for testing the ideas of artificial intelligence is shown. Possibilities of intellectually adaptive testing are revealed by the example of the mechanism of "parallelizing" the system's own operation. Methods of solving the problem of assessing the level of formation of students' functional literacy, traditional input testing, as well as formalizing vague, uncertain and fuzzy test answers have been proposed. The solution of obtaining the simultaneous increase in the measurement efficiency by all criteria is given, in particular, when in adaptive mode the greatest attention is paid to minimizing the test time and the number of tasks presented, at the same time questions of the accuracy of the marks are fading into the background. The review of the criteria selection pattern based on the so called" constructivist approach" has been suggested. It was established that in adaptive testing it is possible to optimize the correlation of the difficulty of the tasks themselves and their number, which had led to the emasculation of the content of the test .The method of measurement objective errors correction while testing diverse characteristics of the students by alignment of different measurement scales has been substantiated. On the basis of the "floating optimization approach" the solution of the problem associated with the assessment of those students who have done the tasks with the maximum number of matches , compared to those who have solved more difficult tasks but with less number of matches has been presented. It is proved that the invariant calibration of tasks of the adaptive system improves not only the semantic quality of new tasks, but also enables to introduce modern innovative forms of their presentation. A new mechanism for controlling the accuracy of entering students' answers based on the Michael Damm algorithm has been suggested.


We investigate optical properties of various aspect-ratio Si nauopillar (Si NP) to find its optimal dimension for enhanced light absorption for thin Si solar cell applications. Two different optical modeling techniques, finite-difference time-domain (TDTD) and rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA). are used to analyze the scattering properties of incident light and the diffraction behavior of transmitted light, respectively. From the computational study, we find that a low-aspect ratio Si NP is highly effective compared to high aspect-ratio NPs in terms of forward scattering to suppress light reflection loss from the front surface. In addition, low aspect-ratio NPs also significantly diminishes zeroth (0th) order diffraction and increase the fraction of higher order diffraction which can provide increased light path-length and effective light trapping of the transmitted light. Therefore, a low-aspect ratio Si NP is more ideal for highly enhanced light absorption for thin Si solar cell applications.


The purpose of this study is to examine the predictive effects of social context and its interaction effects with individual differences on job crafting behaviors. Specially, this paper draws on the purposeful work behavior theory to outline how the four social characteristics (social support, interdependence, interaction outside the organization and feedback from others) and the moderation effects of neuroticism predict task crafting, relational crafting and cognitive crafting.,The current study examined four social characteristics as antecedents of job crafting behaviors. The moderating effects of neuroticism were explored as well. By conducting a three-wave survey, the authors received a sample of 253 full-time incumbents in Japan. The data analysis used multiple regressions by using R language. Correlational and moderated regression analyses were performed to test this study's hypotheses.,Empirical analysis of this study's data shows some initial support for the application of the purposeful work behaviors theory to job crafting. The findings indicate that all four social characteristics promoted particular job crafting behaviors. Neuroticism was a significant moderator for the relationships between social support, interaction outside the organization, feedback from others and relative job crafting dimensions. The current study extends existing models of job crafting.,The current study makes significant theoretical contributions for both work design and job crafting literature. The present framework enriches our understanding of job crafting by demonstrating a picture of a moderated model between social characteristics and job crafting by uncovering the moderator – neuroticism. This study's findings also contribute to managerial practices. Managers should build a supportive context and provide interdependence, interactions outside the organization and interpersonal performance feedback. To motivate employees with different personalities, offering different social context is necessary.


Data forecasting methods are essential in the business world to determine the company's future steps. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has hit the tourism economy hard, resulting in a slump in income. In this study, trials were conducted to analyze the reliability of forecasting methods on data affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The method used is the Triple Exponential Smoothing method involving two models, namely Additive and Multiplicative. In this paper, the test is carried out using actual data derived from data from a service company engaged in tourist crossing transportation. Each method's alpha, beta, and gamma values are determined based on the parameters that produce the smallest error value. The experiment results show the predictability of the Triple Exponential Smoothing method by measuring the prediction error value based on the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) value, which was 7.56% in the Additive model and 10.32% in the Multiplicative model before the pandemic happened. However, both methods' prediction measurements during a pandemic produce poor forecasts with an error percentage above 40%. Meanwhile, during the decline in pandemic cases, the value of the Triple Exponential Smoothing Multiplicative method was closer to the actual data with a prediction error value of 33.02%. Therefore, the Triple Exponential Smoothing Multiplicative method is more resistant and suitable for implementing into a forecasting system with actual data that influences pandemic events.


The medium components and fermentation conditions for the alkaline pectinase by Alkalibacterium sp.F26 fermentation were studied.The operating factors,including the carbon and nitrogen sources,inorganic salt,surfactants,initial pH,fermentation temperature and time were investigated.The optimized fermentation medium determined by single factors and response surface analysis experiments was(g/dL): glucose 0.95,tryptone 1,NaCl 6.3,MgSO_(4) ·7H_(2)O 0.02,(K_(2)HPO_(4)·3H_(2)O) 0.1,NaCO_(3) 1,tween-80 1.The corresponding fermentation conditions were: 25 mL liquid medium in a flask of 250 mL,initical pH 11.25 culture temperature 35 ℃,and culture time 24 h.Pectinase activity reached 1015 U/mL under the optimized medium and condition.


Power electronic dominated power system has brought difficulties to the research of transient stability analysis. With the great progress in time-domain simulation technology, electromagnetic transients on power system can be calculated. There's still a lack of ability to assess the transient stability margin considering electromagnetic transient model. This article builds a framework to quantitively analyze the transient stability of AC/DC system based on the EEAC theory. Electromechanical-electromagnetic transient hybrid simulation and trajectory stability assessment are combined in this framework. Some key technologies such as trajectory aggregation and parameter calculation are also discussed. Besides, the sensitivity analysis is used to find the critical clearing time in hybrid system. Case studies in test system demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.


【Objectives】To analysis the inhibit proliferation and induced apoptosis effects of 1-Methylhydantoin in human colonic cancer cell line SW480. 【Methods】Cultivated human colon cancer SW480 cells in vitro as the study abject, MTT assay was used to detect the absorbance after treatment with 1-Methylhydantoin at different concentrations(0, 0.5, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 mg/L) alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil at different concentrations(10, 20, 50, 100 mg/L) on the proliferation of SW480 cells for different time(24 h, 48 h, and 72 h), then the inhibition ratio on SW480 cells was derived. 1-Methylhydantoin and 5-fluorouraci with a special concentration(100 mg/L) respectively effect on SW480 cells ordinary microscope. 【Results】MTT assay results of proliferation inhibitory rate in experimental groups show that: 1-Methylhydanto could suppress proliferation of SW480 cells within the range of experimental concentrations(0.5, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 mg/L), and the function intension depended on the density of 1-Methylhydantoin(P 0.05). 1-Methylhydantoin exhibited a highest inhibition ratio on colonic cancer cell line SW480 after effecting 48 hour.【Conclusions】1-Methylhydantoin could inhibit proliferation and induced apoptosis of colon cancer SW480 cells in vitro, blocked cell cycle in G0/G1 phase.


Abstract : Linear frequency-stepped pulse trains, periodic in both time and frequency, have ambiguity functions which are periodic in both delay and doppler. One way of suppressing these ambiguities or grating lobes is time and frequency staggering of sub-pulses in the train, smearing out the grating lobes into a delay/doppler residue level. However this works well only with a large number of sub-pulses and a small pulse train duty factor. Another approach, described here, is to chirp code each sub-pulse, filling in the pulse train signal in the frequency domain. This suppresses ambiguities in a strip parallel to the delay axis, giving an unambiguous time response with some doppler tolerance. The technique appears to produce acceptable time responses with either a small or large number of sub-pulses and with various pulse train duty factors. The doppler tolerance, however, depends strongly upon the duty factor.


Objective To determine the contents of heavy metals and pesticide residues of tender leaves and inflorescences from Exochorda Racemosa(Lindl.) Rehd in an attempt to provide the references for further utilization of the resources.Methods The contents of heavy metals and pesticide residues of Exochorda racemosa were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry,atomic fluophotometer,and gas chromatography,respectively.Results In the tender leaves and inflorescences of Exochorda racemosa(Lindl.) Rehd dried directly in the sun,the content of Arsenic,Plumbum,and Copper was 0.147 1,0.399 7,and 0.187 4 mg/kg,respectively;and the content of benzene hexachloride(BHC) was 0.04 mg/kg;while Cadmium,Hydrargyrum,and dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane(DDT) were not found.In the tender leaves and inflorescences of Exochorda racemosa(Lindl.) Rehd dried after boiling in the water,the content of Arsenic,Plumbum,and Copper was 0.187 5,1.631 2,and 0.193 1 mg/kg,respectively;and the content of BHC was 0.06 mg/kg;while Cadmium,Hydrargyrum and DDT were not found.Conclusion the contents of heavy metals and pesticide residues in the tender leaves and inflorescences from Exochorda racemosa(Lindl.) Rehd are not out of limits,and the tender leaves and inflorescences meet food standards.


1. The seasons of civilta estense, in the evocative phrase of Riccardo Bruscagli 1 , document an increasingly complex response to the work of the first great Greek historian, Herodotus, the man who invented history (in the title of a recent book) 2 , whom Cicero called «the father of history», and whom many others following Plutarch referred to as «the father of lies». In this essay I consider the reception of Herodotus in Ferrara in the Quattrocento from the arrival of Guarino Veronese in 1429 to around 1490 when Matteo Maria Boiardo completed his version of Herodotus's Histories in the vernacular. A variety of authors, most of whom were associated in one way or another with Guarino, composed writings during this period that provide ample evidence of the extent to which Herodotus was becoming a familiar figure in the constellation of classical authorities given prominence by the humanist Guarino and his followers. The fusion of medieval and classical that characterizes the Ferrarese Renaissance from as early as Pier Andrea de' Bassi's Le fatiche di Hercule (probably composed in the 1430s) finds expression in the various ways in which Herodotus is brought into the culture. Indeed, Herodotus proves to be a classical authority easily adaptable to the vernacular idiosyncrasies of Ferrarese culture, a culture that will give birth to Boiardo's vernacular humanism and, in the next century, to Ariosto's. Herodotus, especially once he is given a vernacular voice, prepares readers for the sort of themes and tone that they will encounter in a poem like Ariosto's Furioso, which has its own curiously understated relationship with the work of Herodotus. This study is the first part of a broader survey of the reception of Herodotus in the European Renaissance across the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries and into the seventeenth. The survey opens with this examination of Guarino and the reading of Herodotus in and around his school; I will develop it further in subsequent publications that take into consideration later moments in Ferrarese literary culture that depend on developments that derive from Guarino's teaching and general introduction of the Greek historian. In later pieces I will consider Boiardo's adaptation of Herodotus; vernacular responses to Boiardo's version; Ariosto's suppressed encounter with Herodotus; and Tommaso Porcacchi's association of Herodotus with Ferrarese romance-epic. In additional subsequent work I will argue that this initial intense Ferrarese engagement with Herodotus lays the groundwork for that of later European readers such as Henri Estienne, Joseph


Subsurface imaging with common‐source cross‐hole data can be achieved using prestack reverse‐time migration. The algorithm consists of extrapolation of the recorded wave field, application of the excitation‐time imaging condition, and postprocessing of the resulting image with a low‐pass wavenumber filter. The wavenumber filter removes the artifact associated with the direct arrival; this artifact is not separable from the scattered data before migration because, in the cross‐hole geometry, they significantly overlap in time, space, and wavenumber. Migration of synthetic data produces the best possible results, but images produced by migration of scale‐model data are not greatly inferior. Apparently, acceptable images can be obtained from a surprisingly few sources, if these sources are located sufficiently far apart to give independent information and the recording aperture is sufficiently wide.


The question of the intermediate state of the dead prior to the general resurrection has inspired numerous debates among twentieth-century theologians. Here we will examine Joseph Ratzinger's understanding of the relationship between this state and the Catholic notion of justice. After a brief review of some opinions that oppose the intermediate state, we will offer a summary of Ratzinger's position and explicate its implications.


The stability, the electronic and the magnetic properties of the hydrogen‐terminated zigzag graphitic C3N4 nanoribbons (ZCNNRs) were investigated by using first‐principles computations. The semiconductor to half‐metal transition could be realized by controlling the hydrogen content of the environment, which is independent of nanoribbon width. The semiconducting ZCNNRs are stable at low hydrogen pressure, while the ZCNNRs are half‐metallic at high hydrogen concentration. The hydrogenation acts as the electron doping at high concentration, which significantly alters the electronic and magnetic properties of ZCNNRs. The transition metal‐free magnetism in ZCNNRs endows them many applications in novel integrated functional nanoelectronic devices, especially spintronics.


: This study was conducted in the Fish laboratory at Poultry and Fish Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University. It was consisted of two experiments to evaluate the effect of some feed additives in the diets for mono-sex Nile Tilapia and common carp fries. The obtained results showed that the supplementation of zeolite at 10 g/kg diet improved the growth and feed utilization. The minerals composition of fish feces indicated that Fe in feces increased by increasing the dietary zeolite and it was excreted and did not accumulate in the fish body. However, the inclusion of marjoram leaves in the diets for common carp fries had a positive effect on the growth performance and the best addition was 2.5 g/kg diet. No diet-related histopathological changes were noted in all examined tissues of the fish among all treatments in both experiments.


The use of energy management systems allows the management of electrical loads and resources inside a building. The variety of models allows end-users to optimize their energy usage considering multiple constraints while considering the end-users context and preferences. However, the sharing of data among users and entities, especially external entities, such as microgrid operators, energy community operators, and aggregators is an issue that needs to be addressed to protect data privacy. The proposed solution solves this issue by using signed tokens while being compliant with the European General Data Protection Regulation. The proposed solution is presented in this paper and demonstrated using real data regarding an office building. The results demonstrated the potential of this solution and the possibility of its use to protect the ownership rights of data, given the power to the owner and allow them to define the permissions of each data.


A modified pseudocovariance matrix is described which can improve the performance of Kim 's ("Fast DOA estimation algorithm using pseudocovariance matrix," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1346-1351, Apr. 2005) algorithm to realize the fast direction finding with single snapshot in coherent or uncorrelated case. By adding the backwards formulation of pseudocovariance matrix, the rank of pseudocovariance matrix is enhanced. Then a set of pseudocovariance matrices are constructed by circularly shifting the matrix. By weighted averaging, a modified pseudocovariance matrix is reconstructed whose noise is reduced. The proposed matrix has less array element loss than that of the original matrix. Moreover, this algorithm can be applied in the lower signal-noise-ratio (SNR) through noise preprocessing. The new matrix has expanded the application of high-resolution direction finding to nonuniform linear array (NLA), since traditional methods usually assume the array is uniform linear when handling coherent sources. Simulations are conducted to compare the performance of the modified method and the original method. The results illustrate that the high performance of DOA estimate could be obtained rapidly


As a crowd,the audience have abundant changeable emotion,advocate individual character,pursue the will of freedom,and have the mind of conformity easily.The mass media try hard to understand audience's mind,have formed the model with individual character as surface but popularization in fact.Generally speaking,mass media abopt tactics adapt to the crowd's mind,which must have an extensive and deep impact on the crowd's mind.The media hasve not only offered the living space for reference but also offered a "speech fleld" for the audience.


This paper examines the optimum level of capital structure through which a firm can increase its financial performance using annual data of ten firms spanning a five-year period. The results from Im, Pesaran & Shine unit root test show that all the variables were non-stationary at level. The study hypothesized negative relationship between capital structure and operational firm performance. However, the results from Panel Least Square (PLS) confirm that asset turnover, size, firm's age and firm's asset tangibility are positively related to firm's performance. Findings provide evidence of a negative and significant relationship between asset tangibility and ROA as a measure of performance in the model. The implication of this is that the sampled firms were not able to utilize the fixed asset composition of their total assets judiciously to impact positively on their firms' performance. Hence, this study recommends that asset tangibility should be a driven factor to capital structure because firms with more tangible assets are less likely to be financially constrained. Keywords: Capital structure, Corporate finance, Firms, Performance, Regression Nigeria.