During the past decade, model order reduction (MOR) has become key enabler for the efficient simulation of large circuit models. MOR techniques based on balanced truncation (BT) offer very good error estimates and can provide compact models with any desired accuracy over the whole range of frequencies (from dc to infinity). However, in most applications the circuit is only intended to operate at specific frequency windows, which means that the reduced-order model can become unnecessarily large to achieve approximation over all frequencies. In this article, we present a frequency-limited approach which, combined with an efficient low-rank sparse implementation of the extended Krylov subspace (EKS) method, can handle large input models and provably leads to reduced-order models that are either smaller or exhibit better accuracy than full-frequency BT.


The structures of valsartan were optimized in the ground state using B3LYP/6-31G* methods.The interaction between valsartan and bovine hemoglobin(BHB) was investigated using flexible fluorescence and molecule docking technology.Experimental results showed that the binding site number n was about 1,and the co-apparent binding constant KA was 759.94 L·mol-1.Molecular modeling was carried out to investigate the interaction site,interaction styles and the interaction energy.A hydrogen bond was formed between valsartan and Thr39 in the C chains of BHB.The values of electrostatic energy,van der waals energy and potential energy were-280.3kcal/mol,-190.0kcal/mol,and-319.6kcal/mol respectively.


This paper has been the result of teaching and comparing two very different Old Testament texts, both of which are concerned with the relationship between God and the created order. One is Genesis 1, with its priestly concerns for harmony within the created order; the other is the book of Amos, where one encounters a profoundly pessimistic view of the coming disorder throughout the natural world. In making associations between these two texts, one cannot help but ask why the earlier reflections in Amos offer such aradical and developed understandingof God's relationship with creation — quite distinct from the view of God evidenced in the first chapter of Genesis.


People routinely regulate their emotions in order to function more effectively at work, to behave more appropriately in social situations, or simply to feel better. Recently, researchers have begun to examine how people shape their affective states using digital technologies, such as smartphones. In this article, we discuss the emergence of digital emotion regulation, both as a widespread behavioral phenomenon and a new cross-disciplinary field of research. This field bridges two largely distinct areas of enquiry: (a) psychological research into how and why people regulate their emotions, which has yet to systematically explore the role of digital technology, and (b) computing research into how digital technologies impact users' emotions, which has yet to integrate psychological theories of emotion regulation. We argue that bringing these two areas into better contact will benefit both and will facilitate a deeper understanding of the nature and significance of digital emotion regulation.


The IEEE Control Systems Society has created a new journal titled IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems. The journal covers a wide variety of networks including in such application areas as communications, computers, transportation, manufacturing, biology, power systems, and economics. This editorial considers social networks, which is just one of the application areas of interest to the journal. One topic that falls within the control of network systems is the dynamic analysis of the editors, authors, and reviewers in the control community. The author explores the question: "if a control engineer carries out a detailed dynamic analysis of the social network of editors, authors, and reviewers, would the person be able to use this analysis to obtain an unfair advantage over the other individuals in the network?"


The Supreme Court first introduced the concept of judicial exceptions to patentable subject matter in Gottschalk v. Benson. The Court's next two cases— Parker v. Flook and Diamond v. Diehr—addressed inventions that involved mathematical algorithms. The Court deemed those algorithms by themselves to be unpatentable abstract ideas. An invention that applied an algorithm to a particular process, however, could be patent eligible. Lower courts reacted to these judicially created exceptions to § 101 by trying to develop a test for patent eligibility of inventions involving mathematical formulas.


Cloud Computing has made software more attractive as a service and transformed a large part of IT industry. At present, cloud computing is a popular topic for conferences and magazines. The unique attribute of cloud computing poses a lot of security risks in the cloud environment. In this paper, we present a distributed authentication method and device based on the Micro cloud platform. The speed of user authentication of this method is fast. At the same time this method and device has resolved the security problem of the cloud computing platform commendably.


Recent reports have indicated a high incidence of liver cancer in rats exposed to MOCA® in a protein-deficient diet and of lung cancer with MOCA® in a normal diet. No clinical evidence of malignancy has been observed in dogs during the third year of a six-year MOCA® feeding study. Although urinary excretion of MOCA® and certain metabolites by operators and mechanics assigned to the manufacturing area has been significant, close medical surveillance has detected no manifest signs or symptoms derived from MOCA® exposure during 16 years of human exposure experience. The cyanosis-anemia syndrome was absent under the industrial hygiene controls applied in the production area. Airborne MOCA® concentrations disclosed by fallout plate, mobile fixed-station, and personnel monitor sampling were below levels which could account for the observed urinary output. Skin absorption from direct contact was concluded to be the major source of absorption. Exposure was effectively controlled by efficient precautionary ventila...


While most utilities recognize the possible advantages of interoperability and networking applications still many of the applications used today are run in so called information silos, where each application has its own dedicated communication path and/or protocol. Due to the deregulation of the power industry utilities are now forced to operate much closer to the operating limits of their high voltage network and this has led to a search for solutions that allow responses in a much more dynamic way. New solutions are preferably integrated into a single networked architecture supporting new functionality such as dynamic access to all kinds of information. Networking however does not come for free. Utilities will have to invest in the infrastructure because of bandwidth, performance, stability, access and above all information security.


Activity of the longtail vole Microtus longicaudus, was monitored in a 25-m2 outdoor enclosure by recording movements of individuals in and out of an artificial nest box. Diurnal activity occurred in irregular bouts, while nocturnal activity was relatively continuous. Diurnal activity was 63% of nocturnal activity. There was a distinct 2-h period prior to and including sunrise, in which the level of activity was lower than that during normal nocturnal and diurnal periods. The activity level immediately prior to sunset was similar to the diurnal level and was followed by an increase just after sunset.


The article attempts to analyze the first steps of "co-operative social housing" in Great Britain, the peculiarities of the emergence of the idea and the mechanisms of its implementation during ten years, from 1860 to 1870. On the basis of publications in the newspaper "The Co-operator" (1860—1870), the question of organizing the activities of co-operative building societies and the process of forming ideas about a "healthy house for working people" under the influence of the educational activities of Edward Thomas Craig and Florence Nightingale. Co-operators approached the issue of housing construction in a utilitarian manner, adhered to the latest methods of organizing a healthy house, created their own culture of living in cities, and ennobled the urban space around them.


Dear Editor The European Council of Vinyl Manufacturers (ECVM) wishes to comment on some aspects of the article by Cicalese et al. [1] in order to stress that the conclusions drawn by the authors are not properly substantiated. In particular, a link between increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) exposure is not demonstrated by the data cited in the study. Before listing our main comments, we also would like to draw your attention to some minor but disturbing inaccuracies in the article: • In the Abstract, hepatitis C and B are exchanged. • In the section Data on page 289, the terms HCC incidence and liver cancer incidence are incorrectly exchanged. Indeed, it is liver cancer incidence which is reported by the Texas Cancer Registry, not HCC rates. The authors used 4 sets of National Air Toxics Assessment (NATA) data for the years 1996, 1999, 2002, and 2005; these data were compared with HCC rates from 2000–2013 and 2006–2013. The median latency period for angiosarcoma of the liver and HCC is 36–48 years [2] rather than the duration of 7–13 years used in the study. The length of time between estimated VCM concentrations at county level and observation periods for HCC is, therefore, far too short. Comparing data from NATA 2005 with HCC observations in 2006– 2013 entails especially a time frame of 1–8 years, rendering the association totally irrelevant. The whole method regarding the data from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) NATA, as presented on pages 290 and 291, is insufficiently described. As a consequence of this insufficient description, even though it is stated that "the analysis was conducted using data obtained from publicly available sources" [1], the reproducibility, replicability, and checking of the outcomes is hindered. The EPA NATA have actually described their methods extensively, and they are indeed publicly available, but what kind of data from the extensive NATA database are exactly used and how they are processed is unclear. Published online: April 11, 2018


With advancements in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), sensors, and computing resources, several cities across the world are investing in the development of smart/connected corridors. These corridors are being equipped with advanced sensors that provide real-time, high-resolution data from the corridor and enable vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications. The objective of this study is to optimize signal timings for one such smart corridor – MLK Smart Corridor – in Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA with respect to fuel and energy consumption (represented by Fuel Consumption Intersection Control Performance Index, EcoPI, that determines the excess fuel consumption due to stops and delays caused by traffic controllers).


Threonine content of brain decreases in young rats fed a threonine‐limiting, low protein diet containing a supplement of small neutral amino acids (serine, glycine and alanine), which are competitors of threonine transport in other systems (Tewset al., 1977). Threonine transport by brain slices was inhibited more by a complex amino acid mixture resembling plasma from rats fed the small neutral amino acid supplement than by mixtures resembling plasma from control rats or from rats fed a supplement of large neutral amino acids. Greater inhibition was seen with mixtures containing only the small neutral amino acids than with mixtures containing only large neutral amino acids. On an equimolar basis, serine and alanine were the most inhibitory; large neutrals were moderately so; and glycine and lysine were without effect. Threonine transport was also strongly inhibited by α‐amino‐n‐butyric acid and homoserine, less so by α‐aminoisobutyric acid, and not at all by GABA.


Based on the analysis of the fragile ecological environment and the present condition of agricultural land use and the development of economy in Tongxin,a county of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,the authors advanced that agriculture land use of fragile ecology area in the middle of Ningxia must carry into execution of agriculture sustainable development,with the purpose of improving agricultural economic effect and ecological effect and the principle of land use,and utilizing the engineering techniques of water saving irrigation and reasonable irrigation methods in order to raise water using efficiency.


The No.4 turbine of the second set in Shentou No.1 Power Plant works poor in ecenounlc property. To improve energy-saving and envirenmental protecting status quo, the applied modern technique from German Simens Company is uaed to rebuild the low-pressure vessel. As a result, the efficiency of the unit and the reliabilsty of the operating equipment are increased greatly.


len Ang is professor of cultural studies and director of the Research Centre in Intercommunal Studies at the University of Western Sydney, Nepean, Australia. She has published widely on a range of issues in media and cultural studies, feminism and the politics of difference, and the cultural politics of the Chinese diaspora. Her most recent publication is Living Room Wars: RethinkingMediaAudiencesfora Postmodern World (London and New York: Routledge, 1996).


In 1955-1956 Leach and Lloyd published reports that in monkeys and rabbits citral, an unsaturated aldehyde present in the volatile oil of lemon and orange peels, could produce an ocular hypertension due to endothelial damage in the canal of Schlemm. In rabbits a single dose of 5 microgram/kg body weight after one or two days was said to produce a long-standing elevation of the intraocular pressure. An exact description of the method or pressure values were not given (but in monkeys the elevation of the intra-ocular pressure was said to be 5 to 7 scale divisions as measured with the Schiratz tonometer). In this investigation citral has been given subcutaneously to rabbits in varying doses and the intra-ocular pressure curve followed during 3 weeks by daily determinations, week-ends excluded.


abusive situation, especially in a society in which maltreatment and destructiveness are part of daily life. This book ends with Alberto Hahn's Concluding thoughts on the nature of psychoanalytic activity. This book may be somewhat disappointing to those unfamiliar with the work of Meltzer. As noted above, it is not an introduction to Meltzer's work or a comprehensive treatment of it. Some chapters, for example, chapter 2, require significant acquaintance with Meltzer's work to benefit maximally from them. Clinicians with experience in child therapy and analysis will be at an advantage in reading the several chapters in this book dealing with child and adolescent treatment and analysis. In my opinion, this is not a book for mental health professionals completely naïve to Meltzer's work. It assumes some knowledge of his work in order to best appreciate it. Having observed that, the book is rich in clinical wisdom and theory, and offers much to the dedicated reader. The authors clearly are experts in their field, and write with the authority of clinical experience. This book should stimulate many clinicians to explore Meltzer's thought further.


Simultaneous measurements of the concentrations of small, intermediate and large ions and of polar conductivity of both polarities were made at a height of 1 m above ground at Pune (18° 32′N, 73° 51′E, 559 m above msl), India during February 1990 to January 1991. Diurnal and seasonal variations of concentrations of ions of all three categories show their peak values in the morning hours throughout the year. Concentrations of all categories of ions are higher during the nighttime as compared to that during the daytime and are higher in winter than in other seasons. Although small-ion concentrations show only a small change, intermediate- and large-ion concentrations undergo a change of up to 1 to 2 orders of magnitude over a period of a year. Most of the time, our observations do not exhibit any inverse relationship between the small- and large-ion concentrations. The results have been explained in terms of the stability of the lower atmosphere and accumulation of radioactive gases, aerosols, etc., below nocturnal inversions. The diurnal and seasonal variations of the percentage contribution of three different categories of ions to the polar conductivity show that although contribution of small ions is dominant for most of the day, contributions of intermediate and large ions become very large in the morning hours, especially in winter. Diurnal variations of the mean values of polar conductivity calculated from the ion concentrations are compared with those of the measured values of polar conductivity. The two values show good agreement during the daytime when the polar conductivity is small. However, the measured values of polar conductivity are always higher than its calculated values during nighttime or in the morning hours when polar conductivity is large.


Recursive matrices are ubiquitous in combinatorics, which have been extensively studied. We focus on the study of the sums of $2\times 2$ minors of certain recursive matrices, the alternating sums of their $2\times 2$ minors, and the sums of their $2\times 2$ permanents. We obtain some combinatorial identities related to these sums, which generalized the work of Sun and Ma in [{\it Electron. J. Combin. 2014}] and [{\it European J. Combin. 2014}]. With the help of the computer algebra package {\tt HolonomicFunctions}, we further get some new identities involving Narayana polynomials.


The experiment was completed in pool with Siza3(popularized cultivar in Jiangsu province)at Pailou experiment station in Nanjing Agricultural University.By simulating the short-term waterlogging during the flowering and boll forming stage,set five water treatments including one well-watering(soil relative water content was(75±5)%)and four waterlogging treatments(3,6,9,12days),this study aimed to assess the effects of waterlogging on soil microbe quantity,enzyme activity,nutrient content of two soil layers(0-20,20-40cm)and the accumulation of cotton biomass and yield.The results showed that the growth of the cotton plant height and biomass accumulation were inhibited significantly by waterlogging during the flowering and boll forming stage,and resulted in the reduction of seed cotton due to the decrease of the number of boll per plant and boll weight.With increasing the waterlogging days,the content of soil organic matter and total nitrogen accumulated for a certain degree,while the available nitrogen content reduced significantly,the number of soil fungi and actinomycetes had an obvious decreasing trend,while the variation of the number of bacteria was gentle.On the condition of waterlogging,soil urease,invertase and phosphatase activities gradually decreased,while soil catalase activity increased in certain amplitude.Except catalase,soil nutrient content,the number of soil microbe quantity and soil enzyme activity in 0-20cm layer was significantly higher than that in 20-40cm layer,and the variations of soil bio-indicators in 0-20cm layer were larger than that in 20-40cm layer basically.In summary,the soil microbe quantity and soil enzyme activity of two layers were extremely sensitive to waterlogging,and the low soil nutrient availability was not conducive to the accumulation of cotton biomass and yield.


With the advent of the era of big data, the amount of data has also increased geometrically. People's ability to obtain effective information has gradually declined. At present, most e-commerce platforms only focus on the sentiment analysis of positive and negative reviews. It is difficult for users and businesses to extract user opinions and views from the massive review data. For the product review data of a certain hard disk, use the LSTM model to train the sentiment classification model. Finally, the neural network is used to find the keywords of the comment data and the word cloud diagram is used to display the analysis results. Through the research, it can be found that LSTM emotion classifier can classify comments with high accuracy and words closely related to comment emotion tendency can be found according to the weight of neural network.


Abstract : This report is concerned with the problem of estimating credible values of the peak velocity and acceleration of the ground motion for central United States earthquakes. The report contains a catalog of all known earthquakes large enough to be felt or of body-wave magnitude greater than or equal to 3. The data of the catalog are plotted on a map, which together with structural geological information is used to identify eight seismic source zones in the central United States. The boundaries of the source zones are inexact, so that special study will be required for establishing credible ground-motion values for sites near the boundaries. A maximum-magnitude earthquake is determined for each zone, as well as a magnitude-recurrence equation. Using the Murphy-O'Brien formulation, as well as theoretical results of Herrmann and a limited amount of strong-motion data for the central United States, equations are derived for that region which relate maximum horizontal acceleration and velocity to body-wave magnitude and epicentral distance. (Author)


Based on the study of land-atmosphere interactions in Badain Jaran desert in the summer of 2009,this paper presents a comparative analysis of diurnal variations of surface radiation,energy budget and soil temperature under different synoptic conditions.As shown in the results:(1) In Badain Jaran desert,global radiation,surface reflection radiation,surface long-wave radiation,effective radiation and net radiation are all greater on typical clear days than those on typical cloudy days.However,atmospheric long-wave radiation is greater on cloudy days.Under both weather conditions,daily integral value of net radiation is 1/3 of global radiation.(2) The distribution of day-time surface albedo on clear days takes a U shape with an average value of 0.32,while it is relatively flat on cloudy days with an average value of 0.29.(3) The sensible heat transfer is the major component of the surface energy budget.On clear days and cloudy days,Bowen ratio(the ratio of sensible heat to latent heat) is 4.55 and 1.16 respectively,and imbalance energy accounts for 20% and 30% of net energy respectively.(4) The effective energy is negative in day time and positive in night time on clear days,and is positive all the time on cloudy days.Turbulent energy is always positive.The average EBR(energy budget ratio) is 0.68 on clear days and 0.76 on cloudy days.(5) The diurnal variations of soil temperature decrease as the depth changes from 5 to 10 cm(Δ15.7℃ vs.Δ9.4℃).In 20~40 cm depth range,there is almost no diurnal variation.Under both weather conditions,soil heat flux shows greatest diurnal variations at 5 cm depth and very little at 20 cm depth.


We propose optical wireless indoor localization using light emitting diodes (LEDs). In the proposed method, four LED lamps for illumination are employed and strength ratio between received LED light signals is utilized for location estimation.


In this paper we analyze the existence, the uniqueness and the stability of the positive steady-states of a sublinear logistic porous media equation involving a weight function vanishing on a region of the support domain. Quite surprisingly, the model possesses a unique positive steady state which attracts to all positive solutions within the range of values of the parameters for which the dynamics of the associated problem with linear diffusion is fully described by metasolutions. Metasolutions are extensions by infinity of large solutions in the support of the weight function. One of the main results of this paper shows how the classical solutions of the porous media equation approximate metasolutions as the nonlinear diffusion rate m approaches one. The main technical difficulties that we must overcome in our analysis are the lost of a priori bounds in the vanishing region of the weight function and the fact that most of the underlying potentials are unbounded on the boundary of the support domain.


A "private information detector (PID)" is described that helps control the circulation of a user's private information through a social network. It checks texts to be posted by the user on a social network and detects potential revelations of private information so that it warns the user or modifies the texts automatically. It can cope with a wide variety of expressions that might be revealing by using public information accessible through the Internet rather than a large knowledge base. Evaluation using about 7000 blog sentences showed that it has reasonably good performance in terms of true and false detection rates.


Abstract : The pre-moulded (hard) patch approach for scarf repair of composite structures has several advantages compared with the conventional prepreg lay-up (soft-patch) approach, which involves forming the patch directly in the repair cavity. These include the development of patch properties which match the parent structure, much improved patch geometry (no wrinkling or ply distortion) and, importantly for aircraft employing high temperature-composites designed to operate at 177C/350F (such as JSF), reduced application temperature-depending on the repair adhesive chosen.


The eruption sequence is determined for the deciduous dentition of Papio cynocephalus and shown to differ from that of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).


An airmail routing problem at the United States Postal Service (USPS) is studied in this paper. Each day, millions of airmails of different priorities are collected and shipped between local USPS mail processing and distribution centers (P&DCs) by commercial air carriers. The carriers provide flight capacities and services according to contracts. Each available flight has a finite, maximum capacity for the airmails. In addition, the shipping between P&DCs incurs a cost that is determined by the type of mail, the volume, and the shipping distance. The research objective is to decide airmail allocation onto flights subject to the agreed-on air capacity to minimize system shipping costs while maintaining service quality. An integrated mathematical model is developed to design air routes and to allocate airmails optimally to routes for an improvement on the practice of isolated scheduling at each P&DC. A column generation method is proposed for the model. A numerical test is conducted with operational data. The test not only shows a significant increase in the total volume that can be shipped but also indicates better service in terms of on-time and early deliveries.


In article the question of standard and legal regulation of activity CHON KChO in the sphere of grocery policy of the state is raised. As practice showed, such approach was an effective measure in the conditions of the adverse operational situation which has developed in the region for that period.


President Obama has announced that the detention facility at Guantanamo Bay will be closed by January 22, 2010. He has also said that at least some of the detainees facing criminal prosecution will be tried in military commissions. The system of military commissions established by President Bush after the 9/11 attacks, as well as the one which Congress enacted in 2006 following the Supreme Court's Hamdan decision, were widely criticized as being unproductive and not meeting international legal standards. The Congress has, very recently, revised the rules and procedures for military commissions to make them fair, effective and much more like those used for courts-martial. This article compares and contrasts trials in revised military commissions with trials in federal district courts. It concludes that a combination of both forums would best serve the President, and that military commissions are still a prudent option for prosecuting some detainees where there are security and admissibility of evidence concerns.


Abnormal leakage suppression (ALS) repairs standby current errors in SRAMs. By introducing leakage sensors, shift registers and fuses, ACS senses 1 /spl mu/A abnormal leakage, isolates the memory cell from VDD lines and thus suppresses abnormal leakage current. A 64 Kb test SRAM demonstrates effectiveness. Area overhead is 7%.


From the test results concluded that the Local Number Index (LNI) variable (business tendency index) affects Local Number Portability (LNP) variable (Islamic bank financing). The LNP variable (Islamic bank financing) does not affect this variable (business tendency index). So, there is one-way causality from the LNI (business tendency index) to LNP (Islamic bank financing). Other statistical test results showed that there is a long-term relationship between Islamic bank financing and business tendency. This is clarified by the results obtained from Johansen cointegration test. The result of cointegration test in this research is there is long-term relationship between syariah bank financing and business tendency. From the test results can be seen that the trace statistic is greater than the critical value of 5%. So in the long term, Islamic financing variables and business tendencies will affect each other. This shows that the financing of sharia banks whose allocation of financing is directed to the real sector, even forbidden to finance riba investments and speculation, will drive the business nationally, and vice versa, business that runs well and smoothly, will contribute to the development of Islamic banking performance.


The wide range of weapons u armoury against brain tumours i justified: these are reviewed involume. The more traditional treal chemicals and irradiation are plemented by immunotherapy, mia and ultrasound; in fact, by chemical, physical or biological, the slimmest hope of improvin gedly poor survival rate of pa intrinsic malignant brain tumour exception of multiple sclerosi probably no other disease of tl system, or for that matter of organ, which has spurred humai to its full stretch in the quesi Combinations of drugs, fracti irradiation, manipulation of t brain barrier, alteration of bod' ture and boosting of immune have all been tested; but the su with glioblastoma multiforme h changed during the last 30 promise of recent developmei understanding of the molecular lar apsects of cerebral i described so comprehensively volume has yet to be fulfilled.


Nasopharyngeal cancer is rare in childhood and results with radiotherapy are far from encouraging. A total of 52 patients with stage I to IVB nasopharygeal cancer and age <18, received radiotherapy to 60–66 Gy in 2-Gy fractions to the nasopharynx and cervical nodes, while 22 of these patients also received chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5 FU. Three-year disease-free survival with concurrent chemotherapy was 82% compared to 40% for patients who had radiotherapy alone (p =. 001; HR 0.33; 95% CI 0.25–0.74). The 3-year overall survival in the patients who received radiotherapy was 72% and that in the patients who received concurrent chemotherapy was 77% (p =. 38). A statistically significant improvement in disease-free survival was observed with concurrent chemoradiation in nonmetastatic nasopharyngeal cancer in young patients.


Streamline simulators have received increased attention in the petroleum industry because of their ability to effectively handle multimillion cell detailed geologic models and large simulation models. The efficiency of streamline simulation has relied primarily on their ability to take large time steps with fewer pressure solutions within an IMPES formulation. However, unlike conventional finite difference simulators, no clear guidelines have been available for the choice of time step for pressure and velocity updates. This has remained largely an uncontrolled approximation, either managed by engineering judgment, or by potentially time‐consuming time step size sensitivity studies early in a project. This is clearly related to the lack of theoretical understanding of numerical stability and convergence for this solution method. Our results demonstrate a new ability to predict numerical stability for streamline simulation. The analysis of numerical convergence is beyond our current scope. Clearly, both stability and convergence are required for numerical solutions.


One of the problems with the COVID-19 epidemic is infodemic. Insufficient and inaccurate information can be confusing and hinder treatment. In Japan, tabloid TV show might be an easily accessible source of information, but its reliability is low and it has a harmful effect on patients' mental status and lifestyle. There are no reports to examine what is the source of COVID-19 news for patients with rheumatoid arthritis and how these information affect patients' daily lives and disease activity. By using NinJa, Japanese largest database of rheumatoid arthritis, it may be possible to examine them in detail.To investigate the impact of the COVID—19 news sources on rheumatoid arthritis patients' lifestyle and their disease activity using NinJa 2020 cohort study.At the timing of collection of patients' data of NinJa2020, questionnaire about their lifestyle and news source of COVID-19 was given. Questionnaire includes questions about frequency of scheduled visit, going out and exercise, weakness and news source.6677 patients out of 15553 patients answered questionnaire. Most patients did not change the interval of scheduled visit. The frequency of hospital visits was "unchanged" in 85.8%, "longer" in 13.6%, and "shortened" in 0.6%. The chances of going out were "unchanged" at 14.4%, "significantly decreased" at 57.5%, "slightly decreased" at 27.8%, and "increased" at 0.3%. 42.6% answered that the amount of exercise did not change, 30.2% answered that it decreased considerably, 26.1% answered that it decreased a little, and 1.1% answered that it increased. Regarding muscular strength and physical strength, 46.0% answered "no change", 19.9% answered "significantly dropped", 33.5% answered "slightly dropped", and 0.6% answered "increased".The media used as information sources are "newspaper (86.4%)", "tabloid show (54.5%)", "family, acquaintances and friends (43.7%)", and "official web of Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare and academic societies (9.4. %)". Respondents often referred to multiple media and 30.6% of them listed three sources (Figure 1). There was a positive correlation between the decrease in frequency of going out and the number of information sources, and a negative correlation between age and the number of information sources. We also found a negative correlation with age for muscle weakness.No correlation was found between the number of information sources and SDAI, CDAI, HAQ-DI, EQ-5D, HADS (A), HADS (D).Figure 1.The more sources of information, the less chance of going out. About 80% of the patients refrained from going out, the opportunity for exercise decreased in more than 50% of the patients, and the decrease in physical fitness was also noticed in nearly 50% of the patients. Newspapers, tabloid shows, and acquaintances were the most common sources of medical information, and relatively few patients used official sources.He provision of accurate information about COVID-19 was important to avoid infodemic. From this questionnaire, more practical information delivery system was required in Japan.None declared


The sources and ecological environment of heavy metal contamination in the surface sediment of the Honghai Bay were studied, and the contents of seven heavy metals in sediment samples from 20 sampling stations were analysed. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed that the contribution rates of the first and second principal component was 60.41% and 16.48%, respectively. The study showed that the major sources of heavy metal contamination were industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater. Combined with the results of correlation analysis between heavy metals and TOC, it was found that Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and As had a certain degree of homology. The contribution rate of each pollutant variable calculated by PCA method was used to determine the marine sediment pollution index (MSPI) to evaluate the contamination level of heavy metal, and the potential adverse effects of heavy metal contamination on the ecological environment were evaluated by the mean sediment guideline quotient (SQG-Q). The results showed that the sediment conditions were average (MSPI: 40.30-57.92), and the potential adverse biological effects had reached a moderate level (SQG-Q: 0.10-0.21). Heavy metal contamination level of the study area was moderate.


Objective: The aims of this study will be discussing MAP verification, by using implanted most comfortable loudness level (MCL), uncomfortable...


The influence of high pCO2 and low pO2 on the microbiota derived from four tropical soils and on microorganisms in pure culture was investigated. Incubation under atmospheres containing more than 90% CO2 reduced the number of organisms developing on soil dilution plates, but most organisms recovered when the plates were subsequently incubated in air. Inhibition by high CO2 tensions was the result primarily of CO2 concentration and not absence of O2; many organisms developed under 100% N2, and presence of O2 mitigated the inhibitory effects, especially when CO2 concentration was 95% or less. The actinomycete population was most sensitive to high pCO2 and low pO2 and the fungal population least sensitive. Some fungi were capable of developing under 100% N2 and under atmospheres containing as much as 98% CO2; most identified species developed in air after exposure to the various gases. Fusarium oxysporum f. cubense was more tolerant to low O2 and high CO2 tensions than most of the soil mycobiota.


This article looks at education and child marriage in Bangladesh and Bolivia. More specifically, it examines how education can prevent girls from marrying when they are still children. While Bangladesh and Bolivia are both developing countries, they are very different in terms of income per capita, culture and the prevalence of child marriage. Therefore, this article will analyze the roots of these differences as well as some similar explanations for child marriage in Bangladesh and Bolivia. It will also look at what policies and initiatives have been successful to reduce child marriage in Bolivia and Bangladesh.


A series of polycrystalline bulk samples (Pr0.67Sr0.33MnO3)1-x/ (NiO)x were prepared by solid state reaction, and its structure, electrical transport and magnetoresistance properties were investigated. X-ray analysis showed that parent compound of Pr0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (PSMO) formed in single phase with crystal structure of orthorhombic while secondary phase of NiO can be detected with the addition of composite. The electrical properties showed that the resistivity increased with the addition of NiO due to enhancement of spin dependent-tunneling scattering across the artificial grain boundaries of NiO layer. Magnetic field dependence MR curve at various temperatures clearly indicates that extrinsic magnetoresistance had been enhanced due to addition of NiO as the artificial grain boundary.


The Hutuo River has been strongly regulated after two large reservoirs were built on the river in 1959. The annual runoff and mean sediment concentration in the lower reaches of the river in the period from 1969 to 1988 were decreased by 13.7 and 9.2 times respectively than those in the period before 1960. In the recent over two decades, there were only small water flows down the reservoirs in flood season, and the river kept dry in the rest time of the year. The discharge of the lower Yellow River decreased by over 1/3 in the period 1986-1996 comparing with that in the 1950's and the 1960's, but the mean sediment concentration changed inconsiderably. The phenomenon of flow breaking occurred as early as 1972 in the river, and the time and coverage of flow breaking had increased steadily thenceforth. Therefore, two of them have become essentially seasonal rivers. The paper discusses the adaptive adjustment of channels of the Yellow River and the Hutuo River to the change from a permanent to a seasonal river. The analyses show that the channel was eroded upstream and silted downstream along the lower reaches of the Hutuo River and was cut in the lower part and uplifted in the upper part cross sectionally. Since the river has been nearly cut off the flow and sediment load, the natural heavy sediment accumulation before 1959 has disappeared, and the changes in channel geometry and sinuosity were not significant. However, the hydraulic coarseness of the channel has been nearly doubled as a result of the invasion of vegetation into the channel and other reasons, resulting in the frequent occurrence of large disasters caused by small discharges which were harmless before. In the case of the Yellow River, the concentrated sediment accumulation in main channel has taken place in recent years since the discharge of the river was lowered conspicuously. Although the channel was deepened in the braided reach, it was seriously uplifted and narrowed, with obvious decrease in capacity, in the overall lower reaches. The result of the channel adjustment was the obvious rising of water level of a certain discharge and the huge disasters occasioned by small floods in recent years. With the enhancement of regulation, the possibility of increase in hydraulic roughness of the channel of the Yellow River due to the invasion of vegetation as the case of the Hutuo River should be paid more attention.


Certain researchers lay claim to focusing on client agency and offer examples of client agency in their work. However, research that focuses on client agency does so in very different ways. In the psychotherapy research literature, there are few reflections about the various ways in which client agency is constructed. This article offers such reflections. First, an existential definition of agency is introduced. Then, two general models that grasp aspects of agency are presented. Differences between them are highlighted. A new model is then presented that identifies six ways in which psychotherapy research constructs client agency. Central examples from the research literature are presented to describe the new model.


Dimensional variations in the alveolar ridge after extraction often negotiations on achieving adequate implant stability and placement of implants in the right prosthodontic positions. These circumstances request augmentation of the residual ridge to accomplish successful implant placement and long-term survival. Vertical Ridge Augmentation is accomplished using both hard and soft tissue grafting procedures that intend to augment the alveolar ridge volume beyond the existing skeletal envelope; they are usually performed at the edentulous site of a deficient alveolar ridge . predictable management of the vertically deficient ridge in implant therapy. Though the available literature speaks of an excess of methods and agents for ridge augmentation, there is a comparative scarcity of quality evidence to guide the selection of suitable techniques and material. Henceforth, this paper is an endeavor to develop and describe an evidence-based decision pathway for the selection of suitable techniques for various clinical situations. Additionally, a descriptive overview of various techniques and materials is presented.


ABSTRACT The "general strike" of slaves in the Civil War was a direct action that involved millions of small and large acts of defiance by slaves. These actions pushed President Lincoln from hesitation to full on military action, although this chapter of history has been neglected. The work of W.E.B. Du Bois reinserted the agency of slaves in their own liberation through the "general strike" but this analysis has also been pushed to the margins. David Roediger's "Seizing Freedom: Slave Emancipation and Liberty for All' is an important corrective to this historical omission.


Introduction. The study of the basic characteristics of the sociocultural identity of a modern student as value and semantic foundations of personal development is relevant due to the cultural and moral transformations of modern society and the practical need to change the system of education in higher education.Aim. The current research aims to reveal the sociocultural characteristics by which a modern student describes himself/herself when compared with a group and to identify groups, communities, which is the subject of identification for the student.Methodology and research methods. The authors used a quantitative approach to the collection and analysis of the data obtained. This made it possible to cover a large sample and obtain statistically reliable results. The theoretical methods of research were historiographical and comparative types of analysis (allowed to formulate the initial provisions of the study); conceptual and terminological analysis of philosophical, psychological, psychological-pedagogical, socio-psychological literature (used to describe the categorical field of the problem); systematisation and conceptualisation of scientific ideas. The following empirical methods were applied: questionnaires, testing. Data processing methods: methods of mathematical statistics (descriptive statistics, Student's T-test, one-factor analysis of variance).Results. The article contains the results of an empirical study of the sociocultural identity of students. The authors defined the foundations of the ideas of modern youth about themselves. In particular, students describe themselves through belonging to family, profession, gender and national groups. The authors identified the groups with which the respondents identify themselves: this is a family and a circle of friends. Moreover, the authors revealed that the socio-cultural identity of students has gender, age differences, and depends on the direction of training at the university. The role of the presented results in the modern international scientific discourse was analysed.Scientific novelty. The authors conceptualised the concept of sociocultural identity and described the mechanisms of its formation; identified the main components in the structure of sociocultural identity of young people; established gender, age and educational differences in the characteristics of sociocultural identity of students; identified dominant groups in the process of identification of a young person with a high degree of significance.Practical significance. The results of the study can be used as a spiritual and moral, value-oriented basis of the education programme in higher education.


In this paper, we propose a limited-view computer tomography(CT) image reconstruction method that reduces the scan times and X-ray dosages in the semiconductor industry. To reduce streak artifacts, which are caused by an insufficient number of views, we study the sinogram interpolation method based on the average pixel value. The change patterns are tracked by iteratively averaging the values. We use a shepp-logan phantom to evaluate the effectiveness of the comparative interpolation method. The results showed that the streak artifacts were reduced in the proposed interpolation method. In addition, we compared our method with another interpolation method using the peak-signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR) and performance time.


India is endowed with tremendous water wealth which is yet to be harnessed to its potential. Reasons for slow pace of development of water resources projects vary from lack of financial resources to deterrents sometimes posed by environmentalists. Sustainable development of any project is however received with great enthusiasm by the society. The models of sustainability are also designed to meet both economic and environmental objectives in time and space. Exploitation of natural resources beyond their regenerative capacities has led to environmental degradation worldwide. Sustainable development therefore aims at maintaining an equilibrium between human needs and economic developments within the parameters of environmental conservation while ensuring trade-offs between desired production-consumption levels.


Objective: To formulate clinical practice guidelines for the pharmacological management of obesity. Participants: An Endocrine Society-appointed Task Force of experts. This guideline was co-sponsored by the European Society of Endocrinology and The Obesity Society. Evidence: This evidence-based guideline was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE ) system to describe the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence. Conclusions: Weight loss is a pathway to health improvement for patients with obesity-associated risk factors and comorbidities. Medications approved for chronic weight management can be useful adjuncts to lifestyle change for patients who have been unsuccessful with diet and exercise alone. Many medications commonly prescribed for diabetes, depression, and other chronic diseases have weight effects, either to promote weight gain or produce weight loss. Knowledgeable prescribing of medications, choosing whenever possible those with favorable weight profiles, can aid in the prevention and management of obesity and thus improve health.


The clinical response to ciclosporin (CYA) in 8 patients with complete Behcet's disease was analyzed. The frequency of ocular attacks became fewer after the initiation of CYA treatment (10mg/kg/day), however, it increased again 80-100 weeks later with reduction of CYA dosage. Extra-ocular symptoms (oral aphthous ulcer, skin eruption and genital ulcer) had been in remission throughout the treatment period for 150 weeks. Several adverse events, such as nephrotoxicity, hypertrichosis, gingival hypertrophy or neurologic lesions were noted in the majority of the patients, which necessiated the reduction of the drug dosage. Hence, the initial dosage will be lessened below 8 mg/kg/day and great care must be exercised in close monitoring of the serious side effects of CYA.


We examined systematically in situ etching with a novel precursor, tertiarybutylchloride (TBCl) in a chemical beam epitaxy system. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction observation revealed that layer-by-layer etching was achieved. While the etching temperature is slightly higher than that for AsCl3 or AsBr3, it is still in the range applicable in III–V semiconductor device fabrication. Furthermore, because TBCl is not corrosive to stainless steel or seat materials for valves and has long-term stability at room temperature, it is a promising alternative to AsCl3 or AsBr3 from the viewpoint of safety to operators as well as the growth system.


The change information of flicker out membrane and the edge excitations simultaneously at four orthogonal was seized to fast image processing with a resolution of 5nm combining phase contrast microscopy. The mean square amplitude δn2m shear elasticity μ and bending modulus Kc were measured by flicker eigenmode decomposition, before and after AFC damaged by citral Comparing these with the spectrum of theoretical pattern, the physical mechanism of citral damaging membrane of A. flavus was studied. The results displayed that the translation pattern (when its azimuthal mode number equal to one, m=1) occupied a dominant position, μ the mean square amplitude was in bi-exponential decay. There was hardly relation between the pattern and shear elasticity-i. e m=1μ = 0. The minimum and the maximum of Kc were respectively 9. 45 ×10-18 J and 5. 34 × 10-17 J. There existed positive relativity between Kc and the concentration of citral. The results showed that when A. flavus cell membrance was damaged by citral fell into; besides its selective permeability and electrical conductivity were affected its δN2m=1 was in bi-exponential decay and its Kc gradually, resulting in membrane's elasticity falling.


Research by Courtney Davis and colleagues on new cancer drugs approved by the European Medicines Agency is concerning on this front (doi:10.1136/bmj2022-073711).1 The study found that important information about the benefits of cancer drugs was not included in patient leaflets and that concerns about the reliability of evidence for these benefits were omitted in communication to clinicians and patients.


National strategy on gender that stated in Presidential Instruction No. 9/2009, was also applied in private forest management. The composition of private forests which generally consist of woody plants, agricultural crops, and lower crops, allows for the sharing of gender roles in their management, as found in South Konawe. Research methods used survey method and interviews through Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the study indicate that there is a share-out of roles between men and women in private forest management in South Konawe. Men play a dominant role in the management of woody plants, starting from planting to logging while women are dominantly involved in the lower crop cultivation. Women's involvement have greatly helped the family economy through selling vegetables and sago for family consumption as well as to meet daily needs. Supporting activities in private forest management such as attending farmer group meetings and being administrators of farmer groups are still dominated by men. For this reason, it is necessary to consider the proportional involvement of women in private forest management so that they can contribute more to the family needs.


Malaysia was recorded outnumber of accidents in the world. The traffic Police is the responsible body for ensuring to maintain the law on the road which assists the public for smooth travelling The media reports stated that the traffic police uses their power in wrong ways and is showing not profession with their duties. This happens due to lack of organizational culture among civil servants which are not practiced in the right ways according to the justice and their professions. Therefore, this article focuses on the organizational culture that should be practiced and the decisions that need to be practiced. Further, the ethical factors based decisions should be performed by traffic police. The topic selected will expect to improve the organizational culture and an ethical decision making among law's practitioner and traffic police. In addition, the positive view can also give to the public on the ethical decision making that could be practiced by traffic police. In conclusion, the improvement of organizational culture should be refined to produce law practitioners and implementers in ethical especially for civil servants in decision-making.


Celebrity musicians and other famous touring performers face problems similar to those of a durable good seller with market power, since the number of tickets sold (or expected to be sold) at a given time has intertemporal demand effects. I show that the durability of celebrity output leads to "excessively" long tours and that there is a strong incentive to take actions early in one's career that will increase costs later in one's career. These effects may help explain high rates of drug abuse and other anomalous self-destructive behavior observed among celebrities.


Fire and emergency managers have generally been more concerned with undertaking their immediate, vital mission than longer term, strategic policy development. This paper draws on a recent book by the authors to suggest a process for developing and implementing robust policy for fire and emergency management. Different approaches to policy development are discussed. The case is made that there are distinct types of policy problems in fire and emergency management, each requiring distinct approaches. The need for thought on policy implementation style, the advantages of multiple problem framing and the challenge of policy instrument choice are set out.


Gruber et al. have clearly made a significant contribution to the rhinoplasty literature with this article. They describe in great detail a successful technique for grafting the nasal dorsum using autogenous conchal cartilage in 25 cases with a follow-up of up to 2.5 years. In their experience, the conchal cartilage is preferable when a 3-mm to 6-mm dorsal deficiency exists, but they prefer septal or rib cartilage when less or more deficiency exists, respectively. They point out that ear cartilage is readily available and easy to harvest under conscious sedation with minimal donor-site morbidity. Although they state that this saves septal cartilage for other types of grafts, we frequently look to the ear as a donor site when there is inadequate septal cartilage. They stress key points about harvesting the entire thickness of the cymba and cavum conchae while maintaining a 6-mm vertical wall of the cavum to preserve support for the antihelix. Also addressed is their emphasis on not crushing or bruising the graft, which can change resorption rates or induce warping and irregularities. This has been our experience as well, and we agree completely. Dr. Gruber et al. clearly and comprehensively present how they perform the tandem cartilage graft between the cymba and cavum conchal cartilage. They recognize that a learning curve exists when sculpting this type of graft and, in retrospect, admit that they wish they had shaved the convexity of the graft slightly more. We also found this to be the case when dealing with other types of graft material.1 They state that four cases required secondary correction for convexity, inadequate augmentation, and surface irregularities. The quest for nasal symmetry and balance with the face stresses the need for appropriate materials to sculpt the nasal skeleton and its associated soft tissues. In particular, the nasal dorsum has been specifically addressed with a variety of autogenous materials, including septum, rib, ear, cranial bone, and iliac bone, as well as alloplastic materials, such as AlloDerm, silicone, Gore-Tex, and Medpore.2 Autogenous cartilage is clearly the preferred augmentation material of these authors. They state that alloplastic materials incite immune responses and have an unstable long-term fate, which can ultimately lead to erosion, thinning of the skin, and infection. We concur that alloplastic materials are more rigid and difficult to shape and fix into position and, therefore, can appear unnatural over the dorsum or become more susceptible to displacement from minor trauma. The authors do state the potential benefit of AlloDerm, but note an increased absorption rate and difficulty in maintaining definition. We believe that AlloDerm does not cause a significant inflammatory response and that it provides a matrix for ingrowth and subsequent replacement by host tissue. We believe there is a learning curve with AlloDerm with respect to the location where it is used and the need to overcorrect. A 1-year postoperative evaluation of patients revealed 45 percent resorption rates, most noticeable in thin-skinned patients.3 One must attempt to overcorrect the dorsal deformity by rolling, layering, or folding the AlloDerm. This is especially true when using it for the dorsum, because this area seems to be more susceptible to resorption when compared with other areas. Nevertheless, we like to use AlloDerm, when necessary, in conjunction with grafts to aid in smoothing out any irregularities. Autogenous cartilage has been used to address the nasal tip, dorsum, sidewall, and valving mechanisms to improve both the functional and aesthetic aspects of the nasal framework. Conchal cartilage is a donor site


ABSTRACT A range-wide assessment of genetic variation in one mitochondrial (16S rRNA) and one nuclear-encoded (Rag-1) gene fragment of the widespread Madagascar frog Blommersia blommersae revealed the presence of up to 12 deep genetic lineages. Many of these differed by genetic distances >3% in the 16S gene. In the Ranomafana area in the southern central east of Madagascar, two mitochondrial lineages differing by 1.2–1.8% in 16S occurred in close syntopy across multiple sites. A phylogeny of representative samples based on multiple mitochondrial genes supported three main mitochondrial clades within B. blommersae, with lineages from the (i) north, (ii) north and northern central east, and (iii) southern central east, respectively. In addition, one lineage from Sainte Luce in the south-east was sister to all other species of Blommersia, and thus clearly not belonging to B. blommersae, to which it has been tentatively assigned previously. Except for the Sainte Luce population, most of the mitochondrial lineages did not show a concordant and consistent differentiation in Rag-1 and no obvious morphological differences were detected among the lineages. We therefore refrain from taxonomic conclusions for them at this time, although indications exist that the populations from the northern central east and southern central east may show certain differences in relative note duration of advertisement calls, which require further study. However, the Sainte Luce individuals were highly divergent in 16S (>10%) and Rag-1, phylogenetically isolated, and characterised by differences in colour pattern. This lineage represents the most evolutionarily divergent species of Blommersia known to date and is herein formally named and described as Blommersia dupreezi sp. nov.


A newsignature extension method forusewithLANDSAT datahasbeendeveloped. TheMASC (Multiplicative andAdditive Signature Correction) algorithm uses anunsupervised clustering routine togainrelative information fromtwodatasets. Thisinformation is thenusedtomapthesignatures derived fromonedatasetontothe other dataset.TheMASCalgorithm canbetotally automated, thus making itsuitable foruseinlarge area cropinventories. Thissignature extension methodhasbeentested onagricultural LANDSATdata.Theresults offield center pixel classification using MASC-extended signatures havebeencompared withclassification re- sults using untransformed signatures. Inallthree datasetpairs the MASCalgorithm yielded verygoodresults.


The paper is concerned with the envelop of the vacuum insulation panel and structure types,materials development and the development of theoretical research.Influence factors of the envelop were systematic analyzed,and the thermal bridges effect,gas permeation and the size of the vacuum insulation panel and their impact on the vacuum insulation panel's functions are introduced detaily.Inorder to improve the envelop's function,several measures that reduce the thermal bridges effect and the gas copermeation are putforward.


In this paper, we investigate the thermodynamic properties of a highly reconfigurable and broadband perfect metamaterial absorber in the near-infrared region. Our model is a periodic nanostructure composed of an array of L-shaped hybrid gold and vanadium dioxide nanostructures on gold and glass substrates. The reconfigurability of the nanostructure is based on the metal–insulator transition of vanadium dioxide. The degree of reconfigurability depends on the temperature of the vanadium dioxide nanostructure. In order to study the photo-thermal effect on the reconfigurability of the nanostructure, we irradiate it with a time-dependent Gaussian pulse laser with a 1.5 ns pulse width. Our main purpose is twofold. On the one hand, we aim to investigate how the laser increases the temperature of the nanostructure, and on the other hand, we intend to explore whether the temperature modifies the absorption and reflection of the array. Our results reveal that the VO2 fully transitions to its metallic phase when the fluence of the incident laser is adjusted to 17.8 mJ/cm2.


Smoking results in the emergence of diseases with a risk of 2 up to 4 times as much as coronary heart disease and has a higher risk of lung cancer and another non-contagious disease. There is a higher percentage as much 21.2% for population aged ≥ 10 years who smoke every day in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The policy of the smoke-free areas at school is regulated by Bantul Regent Regulation No. 18, 2016. The purpose of this research is to find out the aspects of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure in policy implementation. The study was conducted at MAN 3 Bantul using descriptive qualitative methods through interviews and observations. Validity checking is carried out by the triangulation method. The results showed that the implementation of the policy of smoke-free areas in schools had not been the provisions. The communication process by doing the installation of a smoking ban sign and conducting socialization, but it has not involved the authorities yet. In implementing the policy, it is not supported by adequate resources and the commitment of the leaders by establishing policies and SPOs. The support in the aspect of communication in the form of posters for smoking restrictions and dispositions in the form of reprimand sanctions. While the inhibiting factors in the aspect of communication in the form of policy rules, resources in the form of teams, the budget disposition in the form of lack of awareness, reluctance to reprimand, and bureaucratic structure in the form of SPO also did not yet exist for smokers at schools.


The tight sandstone reservoirs have become the focus of today's oil and gas exploration. To clarify the microscopic characteristics of the tight sandstone reservoirs of the Chang 63 deep water gravity flow origin in the Huaqing area, the Chang 63 gravity flow origin reservoirs in the study area are divided into three categories. They are the formation reservoir of sandy clastic flow (FROSF), formation reservoir of muddy debris flow deposits and turbidites (FROMT) and formation reservoir of slides and slumps (FROSS). In this study, core and logging data, thin sections, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), and mercury intrusion capillary pressure (MICP) were combined to investigate the rock composition and pore‐throat characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs with different types of gravity flow origins. The reservoir micro‐heterogeneity is also investigated in this paper. The results show that the reservoirs with different gravity flow origins are similar in lithology and are mainly composed of feldspar lithic sandstone and lithic feldspar sandstone. The pore types are mainly intergranular pores and feldspar‐dissolved pores. There are significant differences in the porosity, permeability, microscopic pore‐throat characteristics and microscopic heterogeneity of the reservoirs. From FROSF to FROMT and FROSS, the porosity, permeability, mercury inlet saturation, discharge pressure, median pressure and mercury removal efficiency gradually decrease. The tightness of the reservoir gradually increases. The storage capacity is gradually reduced. The disparity between the throat radius and pore radius gradually increases. The pore‐throat structure becomes more complex, and the microscopic heterogeneity of the reservoir gradually increases.


In this thesis we use the syntactic-semantic method of constructive type theory to give meaning to classical logic, in particular Gentzen's LK.We interpret a derivation of a classical sequent as a ...


Background. Judgements made on chimeric faces elicit reliably a perceptual bias to the left hemispace, presumed to be due to right hemisphere dominance for emotional processes. Major depressive illness has been shown to attenuate this bias. The aim of this work was to examine lateral perceptual bias in bipolar I and II patients in a hypomanic state and unipolar depressed patients and those with unilateral hemisphere damage following stroke. Method. Sixty patients with DSM-IV affective disorder (30 bipolar I or II, currently hypomanic, 30 unipolar depressives), 30 right brain-damaged patients, 30 left brain-damaged patients and 30 healthy controls were given the Happy–Sad Chimeric Faces Test. Results. Right hemisphere damaged and unipolar depressed patients both showed a significantly reduced left hemispatial bias (LHB) compared to controls, bipolars and left brain-damaged patients. No significant difference in mean LHB between controls and both hypomanics and left brain-damaged patients was found. There was no significant association between LHB and clinical variables. Conclusions. The results suggest a physiological distinction between bipolar and unipolar depression. The significantly diminished left hemifacial bias in depressed patients suggests right hemisphere dysfunction.


This research investigates the costs and benefits associated with the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Kosovo. The study utilises a survey questionnaire methodology, collecting responses from 297 preparers' of IFRS financial statements. The data was subsequently analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to evaluate the perceived benefits and costs of IFRS implementation. The findings indicate significant benefits from the adoption of IFRS; with increased comparability of financial statements ranking as the highest benefit (mean value 4.13); Greater confidence in financial information (mean value 4.07) and long-term net benefits for both the company (mean value 3.94) and Kosovo (mean value 3.95) followed closely. The most significant cost was identified as the harmonization of tax laws and others with IFRS (mean value 3.52), followed by additional work to ensure comparability and opening balances of the financial statements align with IFRS (mean value 3.05). On a weighted average, benefits outweighed costs at 3.72 versus 2.54, respectively; The research concludes that from a preparer's perspective, the benefits of adopting IFRS in Kosovo surpass the costs. However, the study acknowledges that perceptions may vary among different stakeholders and over time, and the long-term impacts of IFRS adoption are yet to be fully explored.


Climate change is a contemporary issue and environmental problem worldwide. Its attendant problems are affecting the sustainability of man and his environment. The cumulative effects of climate change are already visible in Nigeria. These include floods, drought and famine, landslide and so on. It will not only have a negative effect on food supply but also bring some diseases caused by pests such as malaria (mosquitoes). The biggest obstacle is the lack of its sensitization and knowledge and Nigerians need to be sensitized and informed about it. To do this successfully, it has to start from elementary to the highest levels of educational system. Since climate is not restricted to any discipline and social studies is a problem solving subject which's contents are derived from different areas like environmental education, family life and HIV/AIDS education and other social science disciplines to tackle different problems facing man in his environments, its curriculum should be enlarged to include important aspects of climate change. This paper therefore discusses the concept, types, causes, as well as global effects and specific effects on Nigeria, level of its sensitization in Nigeria, how Nigerians can be better sensitized of its effects and what the social studies curriculum planners and implementers should do to face the challenges.


One of the low reading skills is caused by reduced interest in reading students, this low interest in reading has an impact on the low enthusiasm of students in participating in learning. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of pop up book media on the reading interest of SDN 2 Lendang Kunyit students for the 2022/2023 school year. This research is a quantitative research with a type of experimental research with a pre-experimental design. The population in this study was 27 grade V students of SDN 2 Lendang Kunyit. Sampling in this study used saturated sampling. The data collection technique used in this study to measure reading interest is questionnaire / questionnaire as pre-test and post test. based on the results of the analysis with the help of SPSS V29 The average pre-test result was 87.07 with the most categories, namely medium with a range of values of 67.27 < X < 106.86. In the post-test results, students' reading interest obtained an average post-test result of 119.37 with the most categories, namely medium with a value range of 103.03 < X < 135.70. From the results of the study, it was found that the significance value was <0.05 (0.001 < 0.05). If the significance < 0.05 then Ha is accepted and if the significance > 0.05 then Ho is rejected. It can be concluded that there is an influence of Pop Up Book media on the reading interest of SDN 2 Lendang Kunyit students for the 2022/2023 school year.


This is a full paper in the Innovate Practice category. It reports experiences while teaching a largely online course about Machine Learning at two separate Universities. We targeted our course for a much wider than usual audience -- as "Computer Science (CS) for All," with undergraduate non-CS majors learning the same material alongside CS majors. We discuss why the majority of the students appreciated the flexibility of online classes designed for this wide group, and how they welcomed the opportunity to learn together about a "hot" topic such as Machine Learning. We explain our handling of challenges coordinating diverse and remote teams working with realistic big data of their own interest. Moreover, we describe how we engaged students in stimulating discussions about their readings and team projects, and how we balanced keeping everyone on the same pace while providing opportunities for learning ahead. Finally, we explain how we were able to attract the non-CS majors to take a CS special topics course and how we plan to use their constructive suggestions to improve future offerings of this course.


As has been previously shown, infants of tuberculous mothers become tubcrculinpositive after BCG-vaccination much later than children of healthy mothers. It is conceivable that antibodies transmitted from the mother to the child delay the tuberculin positivity. I n order to elucidate this problem we have carried out antibody titrations on tuberculous mothers and their newborns (umbilical cord blood) since January 1954. We have employed the agglutination method according to Middlebrook and Dubos as well as the method of hemol'ysis according to Midtllebrook ancl Fisher. A titer of at least 1 : 8 in the two reactions was required for a positive result. A total of 42 women and their 42 infants were examined. Of the mothers 24 had positivo reactions in both tests; of the children of these mothers 3 had positive roactions in both, and 14 had a positive hemolysis reaction. The other mothers and babies had negative reactions. Thus antibodies can be demonstrated in newborn infants of tuberculous women but considerably less often than in the mothers. Furthermore, it is shown that the heniolysis reaction is more easily transmitted to the child's blood than the agglutination reaction. The results become difficult to cvaluate, however, in view of the findings from a simultaneous investigation of nontuberculous control cases comprising 63 women and their 63 infants. Of the mothers 29 had positive reactions; in the children of these mothers no instance of transmitted agglutination reaction could be demonstrated, but there were 6 cases with a positive hemolysis reaction. The extent to which our findings can contribute to the qucsti'on of whether thc hiimoral immune bodies neutralize the BCC -infection resulting in delayed tuberculin positivity is, however, extremely uncertain. Further investigations including methods for measuring tissue immunity are required for a more definite answer to this problem.


Objective:To investigate the effects of dexamethasone on the cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate(cAMP) induced differentiation of C6 glioma cells.Methods:C6 cells were treated with cAMP and dexamethasone and/RU486 for 48 h,the differentiation of C6 cells was determined by microscopy and Western blotting,and phosphorylation of CREB was detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence technique.Results:Treatment of cAMP and dexamethasone could inhibit GFAP protein expression and cAMP-treated C6 cells became normal fibroblast-like morphology.RU486 reversed the effects of dexamethasone on cAMP-induced C6 cells differentiation.Treatment of dexamethasone inhibited cAMP induced CREB phosphorylation.Conclusion:Dexamethasone can inhibit the differentiation of C6 glioma cells induced by cAMP.


To characterize Lactobacillus strains with EPS‐producing ability compared with non‐EPS‐producing lactobacilli of the same species for technological performance including simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) conditions.


The private enterprise is an important and huge economic community, being subjected to it the influence of the environment the place, facing different control risk.The control risk of the valid valuation private enterprise, contribute to the management control that strengthens to them.


The Meson Test Beam Facility at Fermilab has recently been substantially updated to provide a very broad energy range of particle beams (0.5 to 120 GeV) for detector testing. I outline the capabilities of this facility here.


Matrices whose adjoint is a low rank perturbation of a rational function of the matrix naturally arise when trying to extend the well known Faber-Manteuffel theorem, which provides necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a short Arnoldi recurrence. We show that an orthonormal Krylov basis for this class of matrices can be generated by a short recurrence relation based on GMRES residual vectors. These residual vectors are computed by means of an updating formula. Furthermore, the underlying Hessenberg matrix has an accompanying low rank structure, which we will investigate closely.


In this paper, we present a semi-automatic method for extracting stroke lesions from 2D MRI brain images using edge and region cooperation. Cooperative segmentation is applied after an appropriate image pre-processing using an improvement of the image quality and skull stripping. This segmentation is evaluated thereafter by a comparison to a reference image. To extract and characterize lesions, we apply our method to several MRI images from different subjects who experienced cerebral vascular attacks (strokes). We compare our results with those obtained through manual measurements conducted by neurologists. We apply the results to reconstruct and visualise 3D strokes in the brain.


This thesis examines how historical, social, and political factors influence the creation of literary space, focusing on representations of the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido in modern Japanese literature. The works examined below are set in Hokkaido from the 1880s to the 1930s, and they all exhibit a certain ambiguous duality. This ambiguity derives from Hokkaido's dual position as an internal colony, simultaneously being both within sovereign borders and without as a colonial space. Given its status as an internal colony, however, the tension between naichi (mainland Japan) and Hokkaido gives rise to issues over national and ethnic authenticity. These issues of authenticity and belonging are encoded spatially in the texts, and in the dialectical relationship between naichi and Hokkaido, Japanese "authenticity" itself is created, questioned, or reaffirmed. Because of its nature, these works make up the first corpus of colonial literature of Japan. After the "Introduction," the works of Kunikida Doppo (1871-1908), Arishima Takeo (1878-1923), Kobayashi Takiji (1903-1933), Itō Sei (1905-1969), and Honjō Mutsuo (1905-1939) will be examined.


In transport networks, especially in the case of emergency, hurried people or heavy traffic tends not to be very obedient to any law. Blocking flow is a kind of phenomenon occurring frequently in the emergency network(EN). When the network is blocked, there are various saturated flows and different flow distribution of arcs. The value of the saturated flow and its expended time from the source to the sink are important indices to evaluate the system reliability for ENs. We try to evaluate the system reliability that the saturated flow of the network is not less than the demand d and the flow capability per unit time is not less than the threshold coefficient lambda0. Based on the saturated model, we simulate the probability of the different arc flows. An algorithm based on the blocking cutset of the EN is proposed to evaluate the network reliability. Finally, A numerical example illustrates how to calculate the corresponding reliabilities for level (d,lambda0)


This paper addresses the process of event handling and rescheduling in manufacturing practice. Firms are confronted with many diverse events, such as new or changed orders, machine breakdowns, and material shortages. These events influence the feasibility and optimality of schedules, and thus induce rescheduling. In many manufacturing firms, schedules are created by several human planners. Coordination between them is needed to respond to events adequately. In this paper, the practice of coordination during event handling is analysed by an extensive case study. The study shows that human planners spend much time in communicating events and in negotiating rescheduling solutions. Because many events demand a quick response, the possibilities for coordination are restricted by time constraints. The paper proposes a procedure to structure the event handling process. This procedure helps a scheduler to select an appropriate response to an event by evaluating its influence on schedule feasibility and the time available for coordination and rescheduling. The use of the procedure in the case company has led to improved rescheduling performance through a reduction of scheduler interactions and increasing coordination efficiency. The procedure contributes to traditional planning frameworks and paradigms, and supports the conscious selection and use of rescheduling methods in manufacturing practice.


Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease which can infect different parts of the body including uterus. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. The HPV-related disease appears to be increasing but treatment is limited, difficult and insufficient with high relapse rate. This growth in disease burden had made the development of two an effective prophylactic Human Papillomavirus vaccines namely Gardasil ® - quadrivalent (Merck) and Cervarix™ - bivalent (GlaxoSmithKline). These vaccines are widely marketed internationally. However, pre-existing HPV infection is a highly prevalent in public health of developed and developing countries. According to published literature, antigen-specific T cellmediated immunity is required for treatment of established HPV infection. Therefore, it is an important to develop vaccines that induce cell-mediated immune responses which are specific for early viral proteins in order to effect regression of established HPV associated lesions and malignant tumours. The aim of therapeutic vaccine is to eliminate pre-existing lesions or cancer cells. As a result E1, E2, E5, E6 and E7 could be best candidate targets for therapeutic vaccine antigens. Research currently focuses on the development of various forms of HPV vaccines such as live-vector vaccines, peptide vaccines, protein vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines, cell-based vaccines, edible vaccines.


Credit risk is one of the primary risks that Chinese enterprises face with, effective credit risk management directly relates to the success or the failure of enterprises′ production management. Based on credit risk management and the theory of value chain, the text applies Porter's value chain to business credit risk management. According to the process of credit sale, it constructs the credit risk management value chain, explores the basic theory and management techniques of enterprise credit risk management to reduce credit risk, enhance receivable accounts return-ratio, accelerate fund flowing, and finally to enhance enterprises competition.


Riveret et al. proposed a framework for probabilistic legal reasoning. Their goal is to determine the chance of winning a court case, given the chances of the judge accepting certain claims and legal rules. We tackle the same problem by defining and implementing a new formalism, called probabilistic argumentation logic (PAL). We implement PAL in CHRiSM, and discuss how it can be seen as a probabilistic generalization of Nute's defeasible logic. Not only does this provide an automation of the — only hand-performed — computations in Riveret et al, it also provides a solution to one of their open problems: a method to determine the initial probabilities from a given body of precedents.


................................................................................................ 3 Acknowlegdements.................................................................................. 5 Table of contents.................................................................................... 7 List of Figures........................................................................................ 8 List of Tables.......................................................................................... 10 List of Abbreviations................................................................................. 11 CHAPTER ONE LITERATURE REVIEW...................................................... 12 1.


The extraordinary loading conditions imposed on a soil mass by a nuclear air burst precludes the use of conventional procedures in the determination of soil reactions such as surface displacements. Solutions to the problem of ground displacements due to unusually high magnitudes and extents of loading have heretofore assumed the soil to possess an elastic or linear stress-strain relationship. This study treats the same problem by using an expression for an inelastic or non-linear stress-strain relationship"in the evaluation of stress wave propagation and ground displacement. A comparison of the results of the non-linear approach is made with the results of an approximate linear solution for four different artificial materials. The comparison is made in three areas of interest for the prediction of ground displacements due to a nuclear detonation: the displacement-time relationship on the surface, the maximum surface displacement, and the strain-depth relationship for arbitrary times after the initial surface load application. Conclusions are drawn concerning the applicability of the linear approximation to various degrees of non-linearity as studied in this thesis.


Abstract.  The purpose of this research was to describe students' perceptions of Islamic Religious Education subjects, interest in learning Islamic Religious Education, and the significance of the influence of students' perceptions of Islamic Religious Education subjects on interest in learning Islamic Religious Education at State High School 11 Tangerang district. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The population is all students of State High School 11 Tangerang district, totaling 1604 students. Using a simple random sampling technique with a sample of 320 students. Collecting data in this study using a questionnaire, observation, and documentation Data analysis using T-test and the large percentage of influence using the coefficient of determination Adjusted R Square . The results of this research indicate that: 1) students' perceptions of Islamic Religious Education subjects are in the positive category with a percentage of 72%. 2) interest in learning Islamic Religious Education is in the high category with a percentage of 58%. 3) there is a significant influence between students' perceptions of Islamic Religious Education subjects on interest in learning Islamic Religious Education as evidenced by the t count > t table (13.104 > 2.265) and Sig t tabel (13,104 > 2,265) dan Sig < 0,05 (0,000 < 0,05). Besar pengaruh koefisien determinasi Adjusted R square 56% sehingga persepsi peserta didik tentang mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam memiliki pengaruh sebesar 56% terhadap minat belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam dan 44% sisanya dijelaskan oleh faktor lain yang tidak dimasukkan ke dalam penelitian. Kata Kunci: Persepsi, Minat Belajar, Pendidikan Agama Islam.


In a Hilbert space \begin{document} $\mathcal H$ \end{document} , we study the convergence properties when \begin{document} $t→+∞$ \end{document} of the trajectories of the second-order differential equation \begin{document}$\begin{equation*}\ddot{x}(t) + γ(t) \dot{x}(t) + \nabla Φ (x(t)) = 0, \;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;{{\rm (IGS)}_{γ}}\end{equation*}$ \end{document} where \begin{document} $\nablaΦ$ \end{document} is the gradient of a convex continuously differentiable function \begin{document} $Φ: \mathcal H→\mathbb R$ \end{document} , and \begin{document} $γ(t)$ \end{document} is a time-dependent positive viscous damping coefficient. This study aims to offer a unifying vision on the subject, and to complement the article by Attouch and Cabot (J. Diff. Equations, 2017). We obtain convergence rates for the values \begin{document} $Φ(x(t))-{\rm{inf}}_\mathcal{H} Φ$ \end{document} and the velocities under general conditions involving only \begin{document} $γ(·)$ \end{document} and its derivatives. In particular, in the case \begin{document} $γ(t) = \frac{α}{t}$ \end{document} , which is directly connected to the Nesterov accelerated gradient method, our approach allows us to cover all the positive values of \begin{document} $α$ \end{document} , including the subcritical case \begin{document} $α . Our approach is based on the introduction of a new class of Lyapunov functions.


In the context of freedom of market and politics and in the circumstances of free choice of travel, movement of financial resources and exchange of information between different areas, the opportunities to gain power and wealth, including the illegal ways, have increased.Corruption hardens and alters the economic development, breaches the fundamental rights, stops normal evolution and transfer financial resources from fields in need.


In July 2010, the Environmental Risk Management Authority New Zealand (now the Environmental Protection Authority) gave approval for release of the parasitoid Cotesia urabae Austin and Allen (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as a biological control agent for the gum leaf skeletoniser Uraba lugens Walker Lepidoptera: Nolidae) in New Zealand. Between January and June 2011, five releases of adult C. urabae were made at two different sites in Auckland: three at the Auckland Domain (91 female: 102 male) and two at the Manukau Memorial Gardens (86 female: 54 male). Both release sites were closely monitored throughout 2011. The first cocoons were found one month after the first release, and thus far 132 cocoons have been found at the release sites suggesting initial establishment. The first confirmed progeny of field emerged parents was confirmed at the Auckland Domain in February 2012 with the finding of 18 cocoons at that site. Monitoring is continuing to determine if the population persists and further releases are planned at other sites to ensure establishment. Results of this study along with data gathered from ongoing monitoring will be useful to provide advice and guidelines to replicate a similar biocontrol program in other countries affected by U. lugens in the future.


Experimental results given in Part I of this series (Croft 1956a) have been examined theoretically with particular attention given to finding reasons for the specificity shown by graphite towards various chlorides. This specificity cannot be accounted for in terms of "molecular sieving" or polar interaction. It is suggested that intercalation involves transfer of electrons from the conducting band of graphite to cations of reactive chlorides. Intercalation of transition metal chlorides can be correlated with possession of unsaturated penultimate electron shells by the cations concerned. However, correlation is only complete when the cations exhibit maximum electron affinities, as in their higher valence states. Reaction of Group IIIA chlorides appears due to accommodation of electron pairs from the π band of graphite in n(p) orbitals (or their hybrids) of the cations. The distinctive hydrolysis of these chlorides in situ indicates that graphite is a weaker donor than water. Similar consideration of unreactive chlorides indicates that they are not intercalated because their cations are incapable of electronic interaction with graphite. Several important conclusions, supported experimentally in Parts III and IV of this series (Croft 1956b, 1956c), have been drawn from these theoretical considerations. Firstly, since intercalation depends on electronic configurations of cations, any compound containing a suitable cation should be capable of intercalation in graphite irrespective of the anion associated with it. Secondly, provided they satisfy two conditions, other substances should be capable of intercalating foreign compounds in a similar manner to graphite. The necessary conditions are that a host substance is able to interact electronically with an intercalated substance, and that it must afford physical accommodation for the latter. The potential value of graphite reactions, in elucidating fundamental problems, is also discussed.


Objectives: Congenital heart disease (CHD) often causes neurological deficits throughout life; primarily due to immature brain development as a consequence of restricted cerebral oxygenation during fetal life. However, the underlying cellular mechanisms remain poorly understood. The primary goal of this study is to model CHD-induced brain injury with a species similar to humans to better understand how the brain responds to these pathologies. Methods: Piglets were used in this study because their brains display highly evolved neocortexes. Newborn pigs were housed in a hypoxic (Hx) chamber (10.5% FiO2) for 11 days, alongside normoxic (Nx) controls. We used MRI to assess cortical folding and volume. Cell tracers (CTG) were injected into the subventricular zone (SVZ), prior to Hx exposure, to label neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs). t2* scans were acquired to visualize the migratory paths and destination of labeled cells. Immunostains determined the fate of labeled cells and the cellular composition of th...


Depression may be a risk factor or a prodromal symptom of dementia, and decreased serum levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been observed in both depression and dementia. The aim of the present study was to determine whether serum levels of BDNF in the remitted or acute phase of depression predicted the transition from depression to dementia.