Being the first five-terminal Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC)-based HVDC project in the world, the control and protection system must be validated under various operation modes as well as contingency at the factory acceptance test. This paper presents the configuration and performance of a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test platform that is based on a multi-rate real-time simulator using commercial-off-the-shelf architecture. The MMC sub-module model is implemented in field programmable gate array (FPGA) boards with a computation cycle of 500 ns, while the rest of the power system is simulated on the central processing unit (standard multi-core CPU) with a time-step of 30 μs. The State-space Nodal (SSN) interface is used to couple the models simulated on FPGA and on CPU. In addition, a communication protocol based on Giga-bit Ethernet is designed to connect the actual valve balancing controller with the real-time simulator. Results from the factory acceptance test are presented in this paper.


The history of the Islamic capital markets is a short story: complicated, but short. The conception and birth of the equity side of the Islamic capital markets is associated with the year 1998 and the issuance of a fatwā to the Dow Jones Islamic Market Indexes (the "DJIMI Fatwā") by its Shari ah board. The DJIMI Fatwā addressed the standards that are applicable in connection with making a Shari ah-compliant equity investment. Those standards apply well beyond equity investing, including in respect of the finance side of the Islamic capital markets. The conception and birth of the finance side of the Islamic capital markets are tethered to the years 2001 to 2003 and to Shari ah Standard No. 17, Investment Sukūk (the "AAOIFI Sukūk Standard"), issued by the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI).1 That description raises a few questions. Are the Islamic capital markets somehow different from the conventional markets? If they are distinguishable, are they symmetrical and integrated in some manner? Capital markets are markets for equity and debt securities where business enterprises and governments raise long-term funds. The stock markets (broadly defined) arewhere equity securities are bought and sold. Debt securities are bought and sold in the bond markets. Primary markets2 and secondary markets3 exist for both equity and debt securities. The Shari ah prohibits the purchase and sale of interest-bearing debt in any circumstance. Sukūk, the primary instrument used in the finance side of the Islamic capital markets, are not interest-bearing debt obligations; they are securitizations.4


In this TFG it has been implemented an High Throughput Cluster (HTC) with physical nodes from a classroom and virtual nodes from Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud) instances. HTC goal is to complete as many tasks as possible in the fewer time. It is acomplished by distributing the cluster jobs among the available run nodes. Cluster's run nodes can be dedicated computers or idle workstations in an oportunistic usage. In this TFG, it has been used two kind of nodes: workstations from a computer classroom, which will be used in idle periods, and virtual machines from Amazon EC2, specialy made for this project. Two bash scripts to start and stop both run nodes types will be created: physical and virtual. This will optimize the usage of physical resources, reducing energetic waste, and take advantage of flexibility provided by Amazon EC2 virutal machines.


In this diploma thesis the interannual variability and trends of the winter mean tropospheric circulation in the northern hemisphere (NH) extratropics in winters from 1960/61 to 2001/02 are investigated.
Output is analysed from a recent version of the atmospheric ECMWF model that has been used to perform various hindcast experiments, including experiments with selected regions of the atmosphere relaxed toward reanalysis data (ERA-40), i.e., the tropics and the stratosphere.
The results are compared with the reanalysis data to examine the forecasting skill of the single experiments in the NH extratropics.

It is found that the stratosphere is influential on the interannual variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) related part of the winter tropospheric circulation variability in the North Atlantic sector (NAS), but less important for other modes of variability in the NAS or over the North Pacific sector (NPS).
The influence of the stratosphere on the NAO is thought to be caused by the downward propagation of circulation anomalies, for example, caused by sudden stratospheric warmings.
Relaxing the tropical atmosphere is influential for the general circulation variability in the NAS, although the influence on the NAO is somewhat smaller than relaxing the global stratosphere.
Both regions of the atmosphere therefore are important for a seasonal forecast in the NAS in winter.
In the case of tropical relaxation, adding prescribed observed sea surface temperatures and sea ice (SSTSI) from reanalysis data improves the representation of the NAO in the model and is even more influential in reproducing the observed 42 year trend to a more positive NAO index.
The stratosphere has a significant impact on the observed positive NAO trend only between 1964/65 and 1994/95, and in this period is comparable with the other forcings, the tropics and observed SSTSI.
However, our model experiments are not able to account for more than 25% of the interannual variance of the NAO and not for more than 40% of the observed trend of the NAO in the ensemble means.

In the NPS the tropical atmosphere clearly has a strong impact on the interannual variability, and hence the seasonal predictability, which is measured here by means of the Pacific North America (PNA) pattern index.
Single realisations of model experiments with tropical relaxation represent, on average, between 40% and 50% of the variance of the observed PNA pattern.
The ensemble mean with SSTSI from reanalysis data and no relaxation captures about 25% of the interannual variance of the observed PNA, but leads to a wrong trend in the PNA between 1960/61 and 2001/02 compared with the observations.
The observed trend of the PNA is well captured in terms of the trend pattern if the tropics are relaxed to reanalysis data, except that the magnitude of the trend is reduced in the ensemble mean.
It is remarkable that the observed PNA trend between 1960/61 and 2001/02 is also found to be within the range of trends of a control experiment, that sees the climatological mean cycles of SSTSI only.
The strong impact of the tropical atmosphere on the extratropical atmosphere in the NPS is associated to the strong link between El Nino related variability in the tropical Pacific and the PNA that was confirmed by a number of previous studies.


DaÑwah (literally means claim, prayer, invocation) refers to calling or inviting people to embrace Islam. Though not an article of the Islamic faith, Muslims are urged to be actively engaged in daÑwah activities. The book under review explains, as the title indicates, the theory and practice of daÑwah and is thus addressed mainly to the Muslims. It is a significant addition to books on daÑwah. The author, while teaching Qur ́Én and Sunnah at the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), is himself involved in daÑwah activities including inter-faith dialogues. He has published numerous articles and books, conducted researches and presented papers related to religious understanding and peaceful coexistence at national, regional and international levels.


Objectives This investigation sought to advance the work published in our prior biomechanical study (Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 2016). We specifically sought to determine whether there are additional easy-to-measure parameters on plain radiographs of the proximal humerus that correlate more strongly with ultimate fracture load, and whether a parameter resembling the Dorr strength/quality characterisation of proximal femurs can be applied to humeri. Materials and Methods A total of 33 adult humeri were used from a previous study where we quantified bone mineral density of the proximal humerus using radiographs and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and regional mean cortical thickness and cortical index using radiographs. The bones were fractured in a simulated backwards fall with the humeral head loaded at 2 mm/second via a frustum angled at 30° from the long axis of the bone. Correlations were assessed with ultimate fracture load and these new parameters: cortical index expressed in areas ("areal cortical index") of larger regions of the diaphysis; the canal-to-calcar ratio used analogous to its application in proximal femurs; and the recently described medial cortical ratio. Results The three new parameters showed the following correlations with ultimate fracture load: areal cortical index (r = 0.56, p < 0.001); canal-to-calcar ratio (r = 0.38, p = 0.03); and medial cortical ratio (r = 0.49, p < 0.005). These correlations were weaker when compared with those that we previously reported: mean cortical thickness of the proximal diaphysis versus ultimate fracture load (r = 0.71; p < 0.001); and mean density in the central humeral head versus ultimate fracture load (r = 0.70; p < 0.001). Conclusion Simple-to-measure radiographic parameters of the proximal humerus reported previously are more useful in predicting ultimate fracture load than are areal cortical index, canal-to-calcar ratio, and medial cortical ratio. Cite this article: J. G. Skedros, C. S. Mears, W. Z. Burkhead. Ultimate fracture load of cadaver proximal humeri correlates more strongly with mean combined cortical thickness than with areal cortical index, DEXA density, or canal-to-calcar ratio. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:1–7. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.61.BJR-2016-0145.R1


From linear birefringence measurements the authors have deduced the temperature dependence of the magnetic energy, related to the short-range order, in the quasi-1D Ising S=1/2 diluted antiferromagnet CsCo1-xMgxCl3. Considering the limits of the exact theoretical model to interpret the temperature dependence of the magnetic energy of the pure CsCoCl3 crystal, the experimental data for diluted samples (x=0.08 and x=0.114) agrees with calculations. NMR was used to study the long-range order. As expected for quasi-1D Ising systems the Neel temperature is highly sensitive to the dilution and varies linearly with it: (1/TN(x=0))/(dTN(x)/dx)=-10.35.


Parents of children with disabilities interact with a wide range of service providers in order to assure appropriate services for their children. While some actions performed by professionals are viewed as helpful, many are viewed as obstructive. Surveys completed by over 120 parents identified past actions perceived to be helpful and those thought to be unhelpful as well as identification of professionals associated with those actions. Using the critical incident technique, narrative responses were based on actual experiences that parents described. Parents were also asked to articulate specific actions they would like professionals to take in the future. Over half of the responses request desired relationships with professionals that focus on respect, collaboration, communication and information sharing. Implications for pre‐professional training are discussed.


While the literature has given a considerable attention to internet financial reporting, limitedstudies mainly from developed economies have emerged to explain and predict corporate behaviorrelating to corporate environmental reporting on Websites. This preliminary study attemptsto fill a gap by investigating Internet environmental reporting (IER) in China and examiningthe current IER practice of Chinese top listed companies. This study finds that IER isincreasingly used in China to disclose corporate social and environmental activity and policy.Companies are increasingly using the phrases of 'sustainability' and 'corporate social responsibility'in their IER. Website-specific reporting concerning social and environmental issues,performance and activities has growingly been adopted by Chinese top listed companies as themain approach to IER. Both the quantity of disclosure and the areas of coverage have steadilyincreased. While IER in China is developing, there remains a considerable discrepancy in termsof reporting practices and the levels of social and environmental information disclosed. Thereare no generally accepted standards and guidelines for IER in China, and the data/informationdisclosed are largely incomparable. External auditing of IER remains a problem. Copyright © www.iiste.org


To clarify some essential discrepancies between experimental and recent theoretical studies of the photoionization cross section of excited 6s6p $^{1}$${\mathit{P}}_{1}$ barium, we present experimental data of the relative photoionization cross section of the 6s6p $^{1}$${\mathit{P}}_{1}$ state of barium in the energy range between the ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ 6s and ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ 5${\mathit{d}}_{3/2}$ thresholds.


In the article show the basic principles of metal detection, proposed methods for measuring the quantities by which the type of metal can be determined, and methods for improving the accuracy of metal detection and classification. A hardware implementation of a data processing and analysis unit for determining the type of metal has been developed. Digital data processing tools were used for the implementation, which allows to simplify the block design, minimize possible errors and noises during measurement, distorting the final result of the detection and classification of metals. In the modern world people has to deal with a large number of different metals. There is a problem of distinguishing one type of metal from all others. Such a function of metal detectors is called discrimination. Metal Detector Discrimination is a function that allows you to recognize marked objects by metal type and classify them. Modern high-precision metal detectors contain a large number of functional blocks, complex in setting up and use, sensitive to noise and errors during measurement and detecting metal. The task is to design a unit for discrimination of metals that would consist of a minimum number of functional units, required minimum number of settings and could give correct information about the presence of metal and type of metal and will be insensitive to disturbances caused by the noise and errors during measurement. Metal detectors operate on the principle of magnetic field generation and analysis of the feedback signal from a metal object and the environment. The transmitted magnetic field varies in time. The transmitter is made as coil with an electric current of a certain shape, passing through it and obtained from the generator block. The receiver is made as receiving coil connected to the amplification, filtering and processing unit of the received signal. Any metal has the properties of the resistivity and the properties of the inductance. Using information about the phase difference and amplitude between transmitted and received signals, we can determine type of the metal. To find the phase and amplitude of the received signal, the signal from the metal can be divided into two components: quadrature component has the same form of signal as the transmission signal, but is shifted in time relative to the transmitted signal (phase difference); in-phase component has the same form of signal as the signal transmitted, but, the amplitude of the received signal changes. Then using this two components find the phase and amplitude of the signal. To increase accuracy of the measurement using "ground balancing" principals, and ferrite calibration. As a result get the block for metal discrimination with simple design, minimum number of setting and good capabilities to minimize noise and errors during measurement. Ref. 12, fig. 8.


(57) Abstract: Method and chewing gum for remineralization of the tooth enamel is provided. To this, the insoluble portion, the water-soluble portion, flavors, calcium carbonate, and chewing gum and sugar-free, including a food grade acid is a method using the same are provided.


Hypothesis / aims of study In our Unit, all women with previous OASI are offered endoanal ultrasound (EAUS) and anorectal physiology (ARP) studies. In a subsequent pregnancy they are seen and counselled in a specialised antenatal clinic, where mode of delivery of the pregnancy is discussed, taking into account patient choice, symptoms and investigation results. Asymptomatic patients with normal EAUS and ARP are advised of the suitability of a vaginal delivery. (1, 2) We wanted to see what factors influenced these patients in choosing a caesarean section, despite the recommendation of vaginal delivery.


ribers to this goodly and beautifully illustrated volume show how much the late Dr. Lewis's labours mI the field of science were appreciated by his brother officers. The Army Medical School has indeed been unfortunate in the too early deaths of Parkes, De Chaumont, and Lewis. Ilad the last-named survived to this day, the universal voice of the medical services of the British and Indian armies would have named him as a fitting successor to the late Professor of Hygiene. This chair his great chemical knowledge, and the whole scope and tendency of iis researches, as demonstrated in this posthumous collection ot his papers, show that he was eminently qualified, more perhaps than any of his contemporaries, to fill with distinction to himself, benefit to the State, and in full harmony with the traditions of a post made famous by the eminent men whose names will always be associated with it.


We have revisited the ACS Virgo Cluster Survey (ACSVCS), a Hubble Space Telescope program to obtain ACS/WFC g and z bands imaging for a sample of 100 early-type galaxies in the Virgo Cluster. In this study, we examine 51 nucleated early-type galaxies in the ACSVCS in order to look into the relationship between the photometric and structural properties of stellar nuclei and their host galaxies. We morphologically dissect galaxies into five classes. We note that (1) the stellar nuclei of dwarf early-type galaxies (dS0, dE, and dE,N) are generally fainter and bluer with g > 18.95 and ( g − z ) < 1.40 compared to some brighter and redder counterparts of the ellipticals (E) and lenticular galaxies (S0), (2) the g -band half-light radii of stellar nuclei of all dwarf early-type galaxies (dS0, dE, and dE,N) are smaller than 20 pc and their average is about 4 pc, and (3) the colors of red stellar nuclei with ( g − z ) > 1.40 in bright ellipticals and lenticular galaxies are bluer than their host galaxies colors. We also show that most of the unusually "red" stellar nuclei with ( g − z ) > 1.54 in the ACSVCS are the central parts of bright ellipticals and lenticular galaxies. Furthermore, we present multi photometric band color - color plots that can be used to break the age-metallicity degeneracy particularly by inclusion of the thermally pulsing-asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) phases of stellar evolution in the stellar population models.


The reception of Aristotelianism by medieval Jews differed widely from one community to another. This chapter offers an initial, preliminary study of the Spanish pattern and compares it to the Provencal. Before turning to the story of Spanish-Jewish Aristotelianism the chapter addresses the more ordinary story of Provence. In contrast to Provence, Aristotelianism was almost totally in abeyance in thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Christian Spain. While Spanish immigrants promoted the cultural flowering in Provence and Italy, those who stayed in the Iberian Peninsula turned in different directions. Jewish Aristotelianism in Spain revived when Scholasticism was making first strides in the Spanish universities. It is also likely that fifteenth-century Spanish Jews found Aristotelianism attractive because it was a neutral zone in which Jews, conversos, and Christians could interact in relative peace. Keywords: Christian Spain; Iberian Peninsula; Provencal-Jewish Aristotelianism; Spanish Jews


Laboratory studies were conducted to establish the method of grinded plant tissue powder mixed with agar(PPA) to determine the allelopathic activity of leaf powder of 40 plant species.Growth of radicles and hypocotyls of lettuce as a test plant were inhibited due to the allelopathic effect at 10g/L concentration.The inhibition effect was higher for radicles than for hypocotyls.The inhibition rates of the leaves of Nandina domestica,Pittosporum tobira,Hypericum chinense,Hedera nepalensis,Koelreuteria bipinnata,Punica granatum,Petunia hybrida,Pinus armandii,Acer palmatum,Prunus persica,Albizzia julibrissin and Hemerocallis fulva to radicles elongation,and the leaves of Nandina domestica and Pinus armandii to hypocotyls elongation could reach over 90%,respectively.


The experiment adopted magnetic separation-priority flotation combined technology to deal with a complex refractory Cu,Pb,Zn multi-metals ore which was high sulphur content,difficult to separate Cu,Pb,Zn minerals from sulphur and separate Cu from Pb. Floatable pyrrhotite was separated through magnetic separation which could eliminate the adverse effect on the flotation followed up. And then adopted the priority flotation process to recover Cu from the magnetic tailings. In priority flotation copper,BP + ethyl xanthate were used as the collector,LD- 1 + sodium sulphite were used as the depressor; The depressors combined with humic acid sodium + lime were used for coppersulphur separation to further improve the copper concentrate grade. The raw ore contains 0. 36% copper,0. 56% lead and 25. 54% sulfur. The copper concentrate grade is 23. 61%,the lead content of copper concentrate is only0. 85%,and the recovery of copper is 74. 16%. The mineral processing indexes were excellent,finally realized the high effective separation of Cu,Pb,Zn and sulfur. This technique provides a new approach to highly utilize complex copper-lead-zinc ore.


The general field of the invention is that Doppler lidar for measuring the velocity of a target. Lidar according to the invention comprises: first means for modulating the optical frequency of the transmission signal, said frequency being the sum of a constant frequency and a fixed amplitude variable-frequency modulated by a periodic time function; Second means (50-58) for calculating the spectrum of the heterodyne signal measured and creating two spectra measurement results obtained by shifting the spectrum of the heterodyne signal in a positive and negative frequency, said registration frequency equal to the difference between the instantaneous frequency of the transmission signal and the frequency of a signal transmitted at a shifted time path of the round trip time between the lidar and the target; Third means (59) for comparing the two spectra measurement, the amplitude difference between the two spectra at the Doppler frequency determining the direction of the target velocity.


The present invention relates to a method for rapidly and simply identify the PUFA PKS in microorganisms. The method is characterized by the fact that PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) specifically occurring DNA portion representing the PKS is duplicated in vitro. The specific amino acid sequence LGIDSIKRVEIL of PUFA PKS, it is possible to obtain the oligonucleotides used for efficient PCR screening of PUFA PKS genes or PUFA-producing microorganisms. The method of the present invention is particularly suitable for high throughput screening of microorganisms for PUFA PKS genes.


Abstract The anomeric specificity of wild-type human β-cell glucokinase and six of its mutant forms toward α- and β- D -glucose was examined over 6-min incubation at 30°C. When D -[U-14C]glucose at anomeric equilibrium was used as substrate, the wild-type form yielded a maximal velocity of 76 U/mg, aKmof 4–5 m M, and a Hill coefficient close to 1.2. The maximal velocity (2 to 89 U/mg) andKm(2.4 to 209.8 m M ) of the mutant forms both covered a range of about two orders to magnitude. Wild-type glucokinase displayed a higher affinity for α- D -glucose but greater maximal velocity with β- D -glucose. At variance, however, in four mutant forms, the maximal velocity was higher with α- than β- D -glucose. These findings indicate that the higher insulinotropic efficiency of α- than β-glucose cannot be ascribed to the intrinsic catalytic properties of human β-cell glucokinase. They also suggest that the perturbation of the anomeric specificity of glucose-stimulated insulin release in type-2 diabetes could conceivably be attributable, on occasion and at least in part, to a mutation of the glucokinase gene.


Traceability links between software artifacts have important applications in the development process. This paper concerns a special case of traceability recovery, i.e., the automated integration of API usage tutorials with the API client code. Our solution involves partitioning the client code into multiple semantic groups/snippets and linking each snippet to the best matching tutorials. Evaluation using benchmarks created for two popular APIs reveals that our solution can find the expected tutorial links at the average rank of 1.6 and 1.4 in the top ranked results, for the two API's, respectively, and with good average precision and recall. We also evaluate the impact of both method partitioning and JavaDoc query expansion on tutorial linking performance. Lastly, we conduct a formative user study to pinpoint the scenarios where our solution actually helps a software developer. We conclude that it is a promising approach to speeding up the maintenance of API client code.


That inasmuch as the original agreemenit between the medical profession and the Treasury, arrived at in 1915, was to the effect that certain sums of money were to be allocated by the Treasury for expenditure in Ireland on (1) certification, 42) on the appointment of medical referees acceptable to the medical profession; and seeing that the Treasury has not in the six years ensuing adhered to their part of the bargain, the medical profession must decline now to agree in advance to anly further arrangements su-ggested by the Treasury in this matter.


On January 19, 1993, President George Bush transmitted to the Senate for its advice and consent to ratification the Treaty Between the United States of America and the Argentine Republic Concerning the Reciprocal Encouragement and Protection of Investment, with Protocol, signed at Washington on November 14, 1991, and an amendment to the Protocol effected by exchange of notes at Buenos Aires on August 24 and November 6, 1992.


Appropriation of development goals is important for the effective socio-economic policy making. This paper presents a discursive and analytical account of the literature on maqasid al-Shari'ah and Islamic Moral Economy (IME) to draw conclusions on what goals should the policy makers prioritise for the socio-economic development. A comprehensive Islamic development Goals (IDG) framework is developed, which informs socio-economic policy making in the Muslim world. The IDG, based on the synthesis of maqasid al Shari'ah and the IME, demonstrates to keep Knowledge, Work, and Social Welfare security as the prime goals of development for an effective socio-economic policy. Agreement and achievement of these goals can holistically create a binding fabric in coordinating various components of a socio-economic policy and can thus a useful congruence in goals and in turn actions can be achieved.


The steady, two dimensional laminar boundary layer flow of nonNewtonian power-law fluid passing through a continuously moving flat plate under the influence of transverse magnetic field is analyzed. The non-linear partial differential equations governing the flow are transformed into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation using appropriate similarity transformations. This nonlinear ordinary differential equation is linearized by using Quasilinearization technique and then solved numerically by using implicit finite difference scheme. The system of algebraic equations is solved by using Thomson algorithm. The solution is found to be dependent on various governing parameters including magnetic field parameter M, power-law index n and velocity ratio parameter ε. A systematical study is carried out to illustrate the effects of these major parameters on the velocity profiles. It is found that dual solutions exists when the plate and the fluid move in opposite directions, near the region of separation. INTRODUCTION Fluids for which the relationship between the shear stress and rate of strain is nonlinear through the origin at given temperature and pressure are said to be non-Newtonian. The subject of boundary-layer flow on a continuously moving surface traveling through a quiet ambient fluid is currently one of important in view of its relevance to a number of engineering processes. Flows due to a continuously moving surface is encountered in several processes for thermal and moisture treatment of materials, particularly in processes involving continuous pulling of a sheet through a reaction zone, as in metallurgy , in textile and paper industry, in the manufacture of polymeric sheets, sheet glass and crystalline materials. An example for a continuously moving surface is a polymer sheet or filament extruded continuously from die, or a long thread traveling between a feed roll and wind-up roll. Sakiadis [1] was the first to investigate the flow due to sheet issuing with constant speed from a slit into a fluid at rest, he has considered the problem of forced convection along an isothermal moving plate. Tsou et.al [2] studied flow and heat transfer in the boundary layer on a continuously moving surface whereas Soundalgekar and Murthy [3] studied the heat transfer problem by assuming the plate temperature to be variable. Klemp and Acrivos [4] demonstrated a method for integrating the boundary layer equations through a region of reverse flow and applied it to the problem of uniform flow past a parallel flat plate of finite length whose surface has a constant velocity directed opposite to that of main stream. Similar problems were considered by Abdelhafez [5], Hussaini et. al [6] and Ishak et. al [7]. All of the above investigators, however restrict their analysis to the flow of Newtonian fluids. Most fluids such as molten plastics, artificial fibres, drilling of petroleum, blood and polymer solutions are considered non-Newtonian fluids. Schowalter [8] has introduced the concept of the boundary layer in the theory of non-Newtonian power-law fluids. Acrivos, Shah and Petersen [9] have investigated the steady laminar flow of nonNewtonian fluids over a plate. Howell et.al [10] and Rao et.al [11] have studied the momentum and heat transfer on a continuous moving surface in a power-law fluid. Kumari and Nath [12] discussed over a continuously moving surface with a parallel free stream. Mahmoud and Mahmoud [13] had given the analytical solutions of hydromagnetic boundary-layer flow of a nonNewtonian power-law fluid past a continuously moving surface. Saritha et.al [14] studied the Quasi-Linearization approach to Effects of Heat Source/sink on MHD flow of non-Newtonian power-law fluid past a continuously moving porous flat plate with heat flux and Viscous dissipation. N. Kishan and B. Shashidar Reddy [15] studied Viscous Dissipation effects on mhd flow of a conducting power-law fluid with a pressure gradient. Recently, Anuar Ishak [16] have investigated the steady boundary-layer flow of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid over a flat plate in a moving fluid. [Reddy., 3(4): April, 2016] ISSN 2349-4506 Impact Factor: 2.265 Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management http: // www.gjesrm.com © Global Journal of Engineering Science and Research Management [15] The object of the present paper is to study the magnetic effects on a steady, two-dimensional laminar flow of a power-law fluid passing through a moving flat plate. The numerical solutions are carried out by using the implicit finite difference scheme. MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS Consider a steady, two dimensional laminar flow of a power-law fluid passing through a moving flat plate with constant velocity Uw, in the same or opposite direction to the free stream U . It is assumed that x – axis extends parallel to the plate, while the y-axis extends upwards, normal to it. Also, a magnetic field of strength H is applied in the positive y-direction, which produces magnetic effect in the x-direction. The boundary layer equations governing the flow in a power-law fluid can be written as , 0       y v x u -----(1) , 2 u H y K y u v x u u xy              -----(2) Subject to the boundary conditions u = Uw, v = 0 at y = 0, u  U as y   -----(3) where u and v are the velocity components along the x and y axes, respectively, xy is the shear stress and  is the fluid density. The stress tensor is defined as i.e. , 2 2 2 ) 1 ( ij n kl kl xy D D D K    -----(4) where             


The present research work deals with the administrative silence the same as in accordance with Article 66 paragraph 23 of the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador which states that people have "the right to lodge complaints and individual and collective petitions, more not on behalf of the people to the authorities and to receive care or reasoned answers .
Being as well , the Law of State Modernization provides that before the silence from the administration against an order , it will be tacitly accepted , positively, to thereby safeguard the rights of the citizens , but that Article 28 has several shortcomings in that does not have a real process for execution and so on several occasions has had to resort to jurisprudence and comparative judgments based on triple repetition legislation.
Faced with this problem I decided to develop this research project " Reform of Article 28 of the Law of Modernization of State related to the right to request administrative silence," in which I make a doctrinal and legal analysis in which the failure of noticeable this law and the need to regulate the administrative silence so that the rights of the citizens are not violated .
So that after the theoretical , legal and doctrinal analysis , and the results of research demonstrates the need to regulate the administrative silence so that they have managed to not resort to contentious proceedings , since in this way groove fulfilling the principle of speed


Advanced users often find themselves restricted by the limited facilities of most UML CASE tools when they want to do complex manipulations of UML models, e.g., apply design patterns, generate code for simulation and validation etc. We describe UMLAUT, a freely available UML transformation framework for manipulating UML models. These manipulations are expressed as algebraic compositions of reified elementary transformations. They are thus open to extensions through inheritance and aggregation. To illustrate the interest of our approach, we show how the model of a UML distributed application can be automatically transformed into a labeled transition system validated using advanced protocol validation technology.


Part 1 Biomaterials for tissue engineering: design of synthetic polymeric structures for cell transplantation and tissue engineering. Part 2 Biomaterials for hard tissue applications: histological patterns of the tissue reaction to polymers in orthopaedic surgery. Part 3 Biomaterials for soft tissue, blood and cardiovascular applications: a new gas discharge process for preparation of non-fouling surfaces on biomaterials. Part 4 Biomaterials for drug delivery systems: a morphine-triggered delivery system useful in the treatment of heroin addiction. (Part contents - a full list of papers is available on request to the publisher).


Objective: To understand the principle, structure and maintaining methods of the CS-2012A-3 extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy machine through introduction of its principle, structure and analysis of its maintenance. Methods: Four cases of X-ray locating system breakdown, 1 of wave-source breakdown, 4 of triggering system breakdown and 3 of supplementary system breakdown of the machine were analyzed. Results: Through the analysis, we got to be familiar with the principle of the machine and maintaining methods for its breakdowns. Conclusion: Through analysis of the 12 cases of breakdowns in the machine, we can master its principle, structure and maintaining methods.


Cleft lip is one of the most common congenital anomalies that present to plastic surgeons. Care involves a multidisciplinary approach to address both aesthetic and functional needs. This review covers embryology, epidemiology, classification, and anatomy. It also provides a more in-depth description of treatment for unilateral, bilateral, and minor form clefts. Given the spectrum of presentation and the multiple tissue types involved, the general principles of reconstructive surgery are used as the framework for this review.
This review contains 16 figures, 3 tables, and 119 references.
Keywords: cheiloplasty, cleft lip, Fisher repair, microform cleft lip, Millard repair, orbicularis muscle, primary rhinoplasty, septoplasty, Tennison-Randall repair


Abstract A decomposition of output growth rates of Middle Eastern and North African countries shows that the contributions of human capital-augmented labor and physical capital to output growth are comparably small and stable over time and that in most countries a considerable share of output growth is attributed to growth in total factor productivity. This paper empirically assesses the determinants of total factor productivity in the Middle East and North Africa region between 1980 and 2009. The findings suggest that human capital is not only an input factor of production but also a quantity that changes the efficiency by which existing input factors are used. Domestic innovations appear to be efficient only if a certain level of educational attainment is reached by a country. In addition, human capital contributes to the ability of efficient adoption of technology from abroad and allows a faster catch-up with technological leaders. Globalization, in combination with a (comparably low) threshold endowment of human capital, is estimated to increase total factor productivity in Middle Eastern and North African countries.


Geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites are of great significance in the space market. Low-thrust propulsion has been highly developed in the last decades because it is fuel-saving. Therefore, the design of GEO satellites is rapidly changing from classic high-thrust propulsion more and more toward low-thrust propulsion. However, the transfer time will be quite long using low-thrust propulsion and it will be very expensive if the ground supports the whole orbit raising. Therefore, autonomous orbit raising is necessary. Deep neural networks are trained to learn the optimal control. Results show that DNNs can be applied in this long-duration optimal control problem and have excellent performance.


PURPOSE: To make it possible to confirm at once whether both articulated fittings coincide or not, by limiting perimeter parts of these fittings to the cross section of the center part of a transmitting bar, since the transmitting bar and a notch of a rocking axis have a specific cross section, any of the perimeter parts of both fittings have none of angulated parts or cogs, and the transmitting bar is introduced to the notch of the rocking axis after the transmitting bar is rotated once. CONSTITUTION: An articulated part 11 of a backrest is connected to an articulated part 12 of a seating part in a way to be able to rock the backrest, and a notch 28 and a transmitting bar 29 at a boss 19 of a rocking axis 27 for connecting these articulated parts 11 and 12 have a specific cross section in a shape of the perimeter 30 having cogs, and the transmitting bar 29 is to be a spline axis 31. The transmitting bar 29 is limited to the cross section 35 of its center part around the perimeter 32. In unison with this cross section, a slot of the notch 28 of the boss 19 being a hauling body is also arranged in the same way as the spline 33 of the spline axis 31. Therefore, the transmitting bar 29 is always thrust into the notch 28 of the hauling body only at a specific angulated position. As a result, different angulated positions among the articulated parts 11 can be observed by eye and corrected.


This paper analyses the impact of the most recent Italian safety national regulation (Dlgs. 81/08) on the occupational accidents frequency and severity in Food and Drink Industry. Food and Drink Industry (FDI) is a branch of manufacturing sector with a relevant role in European Union and Italian economy. Far away from the common way of thinking, the FDI sector has an accident frequency comparable to those of other manufacturing sectors. The occupational accidents analysed were more than 6000, all occurred in Piemonte, a north west region of Italy, from 2006 to 2013. The study was carried out analysing the relationships between occupational accidents trend and macro-economic variables concerning the degree of employment, the worked hours and working force distribution. Furthermore a specific focus was done on evolution of the occupational accidents dynamic with the using of an innovative clustering method named SKM (S.O.M & K-Mean method). This study identified as relevant factor in the occupational accidents reduction the effects of economical crisis expressed in term of smaller number of worked hours. Results showed that big companies reported a bigger reduction of occupational accidents than small and micro enterprises.


A biopsy diagnosis of conventional (common) type of benign fibrous histiocytoma (BFH) is usually easy. However, there are many other histopathologic variants, that may cause difficulties to make an accurate diagnosis. The author describes a 53-year old women, who presented with a protuberated ulcerated skin tumor arising on the left shoulder. It consisted of a highly cellular mass of proliferating spindle-shaped cells with a fascicular growth pattern, that was confined to dermis. The cells were relatively uniform with a slightly increased mitotic rate and proliferation activity. Immunohistochemically, the tumor expressed vimentin, Factor XIIIa and alpha-SMA, while it was negative for CK5/6, CK7, BerEP4, p63, EMA, S-100, melan A, HMB-45, MSA, h-caldesmon and CD34. A diagnosis of ulcerated cellular BFH was made. Although BFH is a very frequent cutaneous tumor, its less common cellular variant may result in diagnostic pitfalls. The purpose of this paper was to point out that even such "banal" and prognostically favourable cutaneous lesion sometimes requires a complex differential diagnostic approach in biopsy practice


Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and Hall coefficient are measured for Mn2+ -doped PbxSn1−xTe alloys at temperatures of 77 and 300 K. A rapid change in the HFS constant A and the g-factor is observed in the range 0.9 ≦ x < 1. In addition, some results for Mn2+-doped PbTe alloys are presented to confirm the hypothesis of the inhomogeneous distribution of the atoms (Mn, Sn, Pb) in the alloys investigated.

[Russian Text Ignore.]


Apparatus is described for study of the kinetics of laser sublimation of low-temperature matrixes that contain a molecular component that can be excited by radiation from a CO/sub 2/ laser. The evaporation of low-temperature matrixes was studied at temperatures of approx. 10/sup 0/K by synchronous recording of two spectra of the arrival times of particles of two types.


To the Editor, Although drug delivery targeted to the eye is in widespread use, targeting drug delivery within the eye has received less attention. Indeed, topical eye drops generally target the anterior segment and intravitreal injections target the posterior segment, but diseases are usually more localized within these regions of the eye. Better targeting to the sites of therapeutic action within the eye may play a role in increasing efficacy while reducing side effects. Suprachoroidal administration is an emerging investigational route for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases that enables targeting sites of therapeutic drug action within the eye (Fig. 1). Drug administration in this manner, between the choroid and sclera, offers the unique capability of targeting a formulation to disease sites in the choroid and adjacent retina. When a formulation is injected, the choroid and sclera separate to form the suprachoroidal space (SCS), allowing the formulation to spread circumferentially around the eye. Recent work has shown the ability to further localize drug delivery near the posterior pole, adjacent to the ciliary body and other locations within the SCS using novel formulations and delivery methods. The resulting targeted delivery of the drug to specific sites within the eye could improve management of diseases such as uveitis, retinal vein occlusion (RVO), agerelated macular degeneration, glaucoma, and others. In animal studies, solutions, suspensions, and even gel formulations have been administered through the SCS. In addition, we have developed microneedles as a nonsurgical method of SCS delivery performed in both animals and humans. These microneedles are designed to penetrate perpendicularly across the sclera, stopping at the base of the sclera, where fluid injection can open the SCS. Clearside Biomedical is conducting clinical trials to evaluate treatment via suprachoroidal delivery of its proprietary formulation of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in humans. In phase 1/2 and phase 2 clinical trials in noninfectious uveitis, patients have experienced reductions in macular edema and improvements in visual acuity. A phase 3 trial in noninfectious uveitis is currently ongoing and enrolling patients. Recently, in a phase 2 trial in RVO, subjects receiving an initial treatment of suprachoroidal TA concomitantly with intravitreal aflibercept required 60% fewer additional injections of aflibercept than those receiving an initial treatment of intravitreal aflibercept alone during a 3-month trial period. Furthermore, subjects who received the concomitant treatment of TA plus aflibercept on average gained more letters in best corrected visual acuity than aflibercept monotherapy (ie, 19 letters vs. 11 letters, respectively, at the end of the 3-month trial period). There were no treatment-related serious adverse


A V-type four-level atomic system has been investigated for realizing left handedness.It is shown that the negative refractive index can be achieved not only in the condition of weaker probe field and stronger coupling field,but also in the condition which the probe field and the coupling field are in the same order.The negative refractive index band is enlarged in the situation of stronger probe field and left handedness is enhanced.


Psoriasis is anon-infectious,chronic disease of the skin. Arthritis associated in various age groups. This study used to evaluates difference between juvenile and adult psoriatic arthropathy at Mosul city, Mosul teaching hospital during the period of 1 st Jan. till 3o1h of June 2002. 115 patients with psoriasis participated in this study, 80 of them more than 16 years old consist of 41.9% male and 58.1% female with mean age ±SD = 38.6 ± 15.3, while other 35 patients less than 16 years old consist of 60% male and 40% female with mean age± SD = 9.2 (4-16). Arthritis associated, followed or antedated skin lesions, in 20% of them nails were affected, only 20% of juvenile patients and about 80.5% of adult patients were complaint of morning stiffness and only I 0.5% of adult patients developed ocular involvements in form of iritis. Family association of psoriasis and or psoriatic arthritis were presents in both juvenile and adult patients with psoriatic arthritis.


The major of calligraphy has been set up in Chinese universities and colleges since 1963.The undergraduate courses have undergone along developing process,staging from zero to existence,from researching to developing,and from growing to ripening for 40 years.Moreover,this major has achieved a lot,which provides some teaching experiences for exploring a teaching pattern of calligraphy in universities and colleges in modern times.The author recalled the history of education on calligraphy in Chinese universities and colleges,pick up some problems and put forward a new teaching pattern which aims at strengthening basic courses,carrying on the traditional way of teaching,expanding professional range of knowledge and raising the inner quality of students for calligraphy in universities and colleges.


At the Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg a next generation electrostatic storage ring for low velocity atomic and molecular ion beams is under construction. In contrast to existing electrostatic storage rings, the Cryogenic Storage Ring CSR will be cooled down to temperatures below 2 K. Thus acting as a large cryopump it will provide long storage times and, in addition, open a new field of quantum state controlled molecular physics due to a low heat radiation background from space-like environment. A concept for cooling the storage ring has been developed and is presently tested by means of a linear trap as a prototype with a length of 1/10 of the planned ring. A commercial refrigerator with 21 W at 2 K has been successfully commissioned and was connected to the prototype. This paper presents the status of the cryogenic plant after the commissioning and one year of operation.


The eight essays in this collection explore the work of Adrienne Rich, one of America's most significant living writers and a poet and a public intellectual with a substantial audience both inside and outside the academy. Taken together, the essays argue for a shift in the perceived center of gravity of Rich's career, from the passionate and eloquent poems of a largely personal feminist awakening, from the mid 60s to the early 80s, to the equally (if differently) passionate and eloquent poems of a more broadly public re-imagination of our country and its history, beginning with her work of the mid 1980s. Rich has remained committed to the reconstruction of poetry's place in public as well as private life, nationally and globally. From varied perspectives, accessible to the common reader as well as the specialist, the collection addresses Rich's negotiation of the boundary between these public and private spheres and the potential of poetry as a revolutionary medium and alternate epistemology, a means, as the title expresses it, of recovery and regeneration. Rich has aimed always, as the last lines of her poem "Planetarium" (1968) have it, at "the relief of the body / and the reconstruction of the mind," and this collection works to describe her effort to extend the reach of that healing motive across a continent and a culture. "In these eight keenly executed essays edited by William Waddell, we see Rich finally removing those "asbestos gloves" once used to handle sizzling political topics. Critics in this volume show Adrienne Rich struggling barehanded with changing poetic strategies, complex new subject positions and the relations of power and cultural practice in the constitution of history. Transformative cartographer of words and perceptions, Rich, as Waddell argues, outlines "a method for redefining American space," remapping North American culture for the marginalized, the repressed and the resistant. Waddell's collection celebrates the polyphony of politics and aesthetics in Rich's work, shaping for the reader an ethical discourse intensively visible, for the first time, in volumes such as An Atlas of the Difficult World: Poems 1988-1991, but equally present throughout Rich's prose and poetry." Mary Lynn Broe, Caroline Werner Gannett Professor, Rochester Institute of Technology


Abstract: We have generated a novel rat TrkA receptor mutant (TrkAS3) by deletion of five conserved residues (493IMENP497) in the juxtamembrane domain. TrkAS3 receptors cannot support nerve growth factor (NGF)‐induced cell cycle arrest or neuronal differentiation but retain cell survival responses as well as Ras‐dependent mitogenic signaling. Cells of the nnr5 line stably expressing TrkAS3 induce NGF‐dependent SHC phosphorylation and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase, phospholipase Cγ‐1, and prolonged mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation to absolute levels comparable to those in PC12 cells. Although the stoichiometry of TrkAS3‐SHC binding is reduced, cells overexpressing TrkAS3 exhibit NGF‐dependent SHC‐Grb‐2/Sos binding, essential for Ras activation, as well as NGF‐dependent SNT phosphorylation to absolute levels comparable to those in PC12 cells. Collectively, these data suggest that the TrkAS3 deletion either directly affects a novel Ras‐independent TrkA binding protein or that the decrease in TrkAS3‐SHC association affects a Ras‐independent SHC binding protein essential for cell cycle arrest and/or neurite outgrowth.


In the present paper we consider a differentiated Stackelberg model, when the leader firm engages in an R&D process that gives an endogenous cost-reducing innovation. The aim is to study the licensing of the cost-reduction by a per-unit royalty and a fixed-fee. We analyse the implications of these types of licensing contracts over the R&D effort, the profits of the firms, the consumer surplus and the social welfare. By using comparative static analysis, we conclude that the degree of the differentiation of the goods plays an important role in the results.


A hydrochemical survey based on an analysis of groundwater data was undertaken in the alluvial aquifer of the lower valley of Soummam (LVS). The LVS reservoir is characterized by a hydrogeologically heterogeneous lithology consisting of gravel, sand, and silt (with occasionally significant levels of clay). Numerous contacts and faults affect the region. Data were derived from a hydrochemical analysis of water by titration and spectrophotometry using 60 groundwater samples. Factor analysis with varimax rotation was applied to these data to reduce their size and to understand the nature of ion associations. The results of this analysis were used for Kriging mapping to pinpoint hydrochemical features of the study area. Four factors explaining ∼92% of the data variability were identified: one related to sodium–potassium (Na‐K), chloride (Cl), and magnesium (Mg); one related to nitrates (NO3); one related to bicarbonate (HCO3); and one related to calcium (Ca) and sulfate (SO4). © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 33: 1357–1365, 2014


A s a student preparing for a job in medical technology, you may envision a career working inside a hospital. However, many have chosen alternative paths that they have found both challenging and rewarding. Take, for example, the four medical technology professionals profiled in this article, who made very different decisions. "When I left college, I never imagined the career path I'd take," says Elliot Sloane, PhD. As a college professor and advisor to hospitals and agencies, Sloane has been able to weave two career paths together. He currently splits his time equally between Villanova University, where he is an assistant professor in the Department of Decision and Information Technology; and as a consultant, helping hospitals around the globe decide what equipment to purchase, as well as investigating accidents and deaths, and improving standards. Brian Poplin, CHE, CBET, has worked inside hospitals, for a major corporation, and as a member of a hospital's board of trustees. After four years as a BMET in the Air Force, Poplin worked his way up the career ladder at ServiceMaster (and its successor company, ARAMARK). He is currently the vice president of strategic development for ARAMARK's Healthcare Management Services, providing clinical engineering management to healthcare facilities nationwide. For Nancy Pressly, she began her career with the FDA 18 years ago when she was hired as a biomedical engineer just out of college. She liked it, stayed, and today is a policy analyst at the FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), bringing an engineer's perspective to solving problems associated with medical device adverse events. As a healthcare engineering consultant, Tom O'Dea, PhD, PE, CCE, works with developers of medical devices. "I help them establish a theoretical framework, write an article for the technical literature, help create a prototype, and work with a patent lawyer," he says. Education is Key Although the four took very different career paths, all agree that education is vital to success. Poplin, for example, finished his education while working full-time, earning a bachelor's degree in business administration and a master's degree in business management, "because I wanted the advancement," he says. He is also board certified in healthcare management by the American College of Healthcare Executives, another component he felt was important in moving his career forward.


Over the last decade, Defined Benefit (DB) public pension systems have come under greater stress. Pensions have experienced two recessions, demographic shifts and generally bad public budget circumstances. Pensions have modified their allocation strategies over this period, generally shifting away from equities and fixed income allocations in favor of alternatives. What's more, the stated justification for alternatives has shifted as well, from an emphasis on relative performance (alpha) towards diversification away from systemic shocks (beta). In this paper, we investigate motives for the employment of alternatives and the performance of these investments, considering both governance and financial performance motivations. We consider possible principal-agent and herding problems that may be unique to these portfolios, and find that the prudent person standard is of little protection against herding risks due to its relative benchmarking schema. Controlling for changes in governance, we find that private equity and other less liquid alternatives can be of value because of their relatively consistent pricing, whereas more liquid assets are more susceptible to price volatility. In fact, improvements in diversification (beta) can arise as an artifact of illiquidity.


Objective To investigate the ultrasonography findings of shoulder pain in patients with hemiplegia after stroke. Methods 62 patients with hemiplegia after stroke who were inspected in the Department of Physical Diagnosis of our hospital,according to the state of the patient's condition, were divided into shoulder pain group(n=30) and normal shoulder group(n=32). All patients were checked by color ultrasound diagnostic equipment. Results The rate of lesions of supraspinatus and SA-SD of the patients in the shoulder pain group were 56.67%, 40.00%, respectively, obviously higher than those of the patients in the normal shoulder group 18.75%, 9.36%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups(P0.05). Conclusion Ultrasonic examination can effectively detect stroke-related tissue damage in patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain, in accordance with the results of which clinical treatment measures can be implemented and rehabilitation program can be modified as soon as possible to avoid further injury.


This research is meant to find out how the implementation of tax planning on the value added tax as the maximization of tax saving and cash flow management at CV MMM. The input tax and output tax is the basis for the calculation of payable value added tax which led to a cash out for a company which affects the load of cash flow amount. A descriptive approach is applied in this research which is discussed in this thesis by using analysis and qualitative method. It can be concluded from the results of this research that the implementation of tax planning in purchasing the company's assets such as car, the implementation of tax planning on advertising services (infomedia), the implementation of tax planning on the telephone receipt as input tax, tax planning as a means of controlling cash flow by delaying the reporting of input tax at different period has been proven to provide a significant results of the saving and beneficial to the company. This indicates that tax planning can be one of alternatives in controlling the company's cash flow. Keywords : Tax planning, Tax saving maximization, Cash Flow Management, Input Tax, Output Tax


This paper points out and analyses the mistakes in the translations of Nida's translation principles.The wrong Chinese translations resulted in wrong translation terms.The wrong translation terms caused a long-time and great disagreement and argument among the Chinese translation theorists.The writer of this paper suggests that the studies on Nida's translation theories should be reconsidered.


Combined with a practical instance of construction,the causes of deviation and fracture on PHC pipe pile foundation are analyzed.In addition,the measures to remedy this kind of accidents also are presented from the aspects of construction and design.Some methods that apply cast-in-place pile and anchor jacked pile to strengthen the foundation are introduced in this paper.Furthermore,the effect of strengthening is estimated.


Antibody specificity is a thorny issue, which has been discussed in depth (e.g. see Ref. 1) and a source of errors and confusion when nonspecific antibodies are used. MYC is a transcription factor exclusively located in the nucleus, involved in gene and metabolism regulation (2), whose abundance is posttranscriptionally regulated. We characterized MYC expression in normal and malignant B cells (3) by validating 13 monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, in immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry (4). By using biochemically controlled conditions in control– or phorbol myristate–treated U937 cells, we have shown that the only validated antibody that detects MYC by flow cytometry is the mouse mAb C-33 (Fig. 1, reproduced with permission from Ref. 4). Antibodies 9E10 and other antibodies directed at the EQKLISEEDLN sequence fail to detect MYC by flow cytometry; by immunofluorescence on fixed, frozen, and cultured cells; and by immunohistochemistry. In countless experiments with MYC-tagged transfectants in proliferating cell lines, 9E10 failed to identify endogenous MYC, not surprisingly. Im et al. (5) have used 9E10 to detect MYC in induced stem cells by CYTOF. Unfortunately, 9E10 is the only MYC antibody commercially available as a metal conjugate for mass or image cytometry. But this peculiar format does not change the fact that 9E10 does not detect MYC in any of the single-cell applications. Data produced with this and other unvalid MYC antibodies may represent artifacts.


A series of AB alternating polyesters are orthogonally patterned to install two different functionalities at regular intervals along the backbone and with high precision.


A series of perfluorocyclobutyl aryl ether-based amphiphilic ABA triblock copolymers consisting of hydrophilic poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (PPEGMEMA) and hydrophobic poly(2,2′-bis(4-trifluorovinyl-oxyphenyl)propane) (PBTFVPP) blocks were synthesized via the site transformation strategy. A semi-fluorinated PBTFVPP segment was first prepared via thermal step-growth cycloaddition polymerization of BTFVPP trifluorovinyl aryl ether monomer followed by end functionalization to be transformed into Br–PBTFVBP–Br macroinitiator bearing one ATRP initiating group at each end. The target PPEGMEMA-b-PBTFVPP-b-PPEGMEMA triblock copolymers with relatively narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn ≤ 1.32) were synthesized via ATRP of PEGMEMA macromonomer initiated by Br–PBTFVBP–Br macroinitiator. A fluorescent probe technique was used to determine the critical micelle concentrations (cmc) of the obtained amphiphilic copolymers in aqueous solution. The morphologies of the micelles formed by the copolymers were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. It was shown that such triblock copolymers could self-assemble into ovals, well-defined cylinders, and spheres in aqueous solution with different initial water contents and compositions.


Until Edwin Hubble's discoveries in 1924, astronomers thought that our Milky Way galaxy was the entire universe. Hubble provided a model of a larger universe beyond our galaxy and an expanding universe. Since then the Hubble telescope has allowed us to view galaxies farther and farther away and introduce ideas beyond our comprehension nearly a century ago. This seems an appropriate model for the expanding universe of learning that is provided by technology. Technology has provided us with an expanding view of our individual and collective universe of engineering and technology education. It has provided expanded access to information and increased opportunities for communication. Our learning communities can span our neighborhood, field of interest and the globe. However, just as Hubble's expanded universe brought challenges to astronomy, the expanded access to education comes with challenges in assuring quality. KEywoRdS Astronomy, Education, Hubble Space Telescope, Technology Education, Technology Infused Engineering


The separate neural arch (spondylolysis) is a common occurrence in forensic examinations as well as in other clinical, anatomical, and osteological casework. A faceted articulating neural arch, in comparison, is a very rare developmental anomaly, differing from spondylolysis by its etiology and the presence of accessory "intermediate" joint facets resulting in three pairs of diarthrodial facets in one vertebra. The morphology and rarity of the faceted articulating neural arch can assist medicolegal specialists in establishing the identity of fleshed or skeletonized human remains. The authors present what may be the first accurately diagnosed examples of accessory articulating facets in the lumbar vertebrae of three individuals.


This article explicates the implementation of "Equi-Balancing" foreign policy of the Philippines toward China in the South China Sea (SCS) dispute. It argues that in order to protects its core national interests, Philippines should be able to manage its constructive relations with China. In order to do so, Philippines under the Rodrigo Duterte administration formulated and implemented cooperative maritime diplomacy to China. The main objectives of this cooperative maritime diplomacy were creating a closer the Philippines-China relations and on the hand, making some diplomatic distance to the United States in the SCS issue. This article utilises qualitative research method in deciphering the above cooperative maritime diplomacy. To achieve these goals, the Philippines has conducted several concrete actions by building: its sofpower, self confidence and coalition.


Inverse scattering problem solution is very challenging in microwave breast imaging for cancer detection. In this paper, the solution of highly under-determined inverse scattering problem is obtained using 3D level set based optimization. Debye model is used to incorporate dispersion and polarization properties of breast tissues. Two level set functions are used to reconstruct distribution of four tissues in the numerical breast phantom. Reconstructed shape of tissue distributions and Debye parameter values both are very promising using level set based optimization.


A new ice core was drilled as part of the National Environment Research Council (NERC) funded project "Isotopic Constraints on Past Ozone Layer in Polar Ice" (ISOL-ICE) at Kohnen Station, located in Dronning Maud Land (DML) on the high-elevation East Antarctic Plateau (2892 m a.s.l). The 120 m deep ice core (74.9961 oS, 0.09472 oE) was drilled in January 2017 using the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) shallow electromechanical ice core drill (Mulvaney et al., 2002), which produces a core 105 mm in diameter in a dry borehole. The ice core site was located ~1 km from the deep European Program for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) Dronning Maud Land (EDML) core, which was drilled in 2001-2006 to a depth of 2761 m (Wilhelms et al., 2017). The core sections were cut into 80 cm lengths and shipped frozen to the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) in Cambridge, United Kingdom.


A novel photochromic diarylethene with thiophene and benzene compound, 1-{[2-methyl-5-(formyl)-3-thienyl]}-2-(2-methylphenyl)perfluorocyclopentene (1a) has been synthesized for the examination of its properties including photochromism, fluorescence properties and optical recording. Diarylethene 1a changed the color from colorless to purple upon irradiation with 297 nm UV light, in which absorption maxima were observed at 566 nm in hexane and at 577 nm in PMMA film, respectively. The open-ring isomer of the diarylethene 1 exhibited good fluorescence switch in hexane solution. In hexane solution, the open-ring isomer of the diarylethene 1a exhibited relatively fluorescence at 376 nm when excited at 326 nm.


At modern times,the society is filled with redundancy and the suitable way should be found to appeal to the audience by putting the same emphasis on emotion and reason,desire and need,sense and thinking,and by carrying out echoing appeal and noise appeal.


Adaptive filters have gained popularity over the years due to their ability to adapt themselves to different environmental situations without substantial intervention by the user. The implementation of an adaptive noise cancellation filter process is done here. The filter is designed using the Recursive least square (RLS) algorithm due to its computational simplicity, robust behavior when implemented in finite-precision hardware and well understood convergence behavior. The correctness and response of the adaptive noise cancellation filter can be checked by the RLS algorithm using the Matlab/ Simulink tool. To implement this algorithm the Simulink model is used as a reference using the Xilinx Tool Box. To implement the adaptive filter on Xilinx, the System Generator ("SysGen") tool in the Xilinx block set is used to generate the bit file which can be downloaded onto the FPGA through hardware co-simulation. This project presents the adaptive noise cancellation filter using RLS algorithm suitable for noise cancellation and the results are verified by plotting the output using MATLAB.


Abstract The investigation of the radiation situation is an essential part of preparing the remediation of the formerly abandoned Wismut sites. If the exposure is relevant, then the exposure pathway "inhalation of radon/radon daughters" plays the dominant role. Therefore, the development of a straightforward approach suitable for the evaluation of the involved radon situation is one of the most important tasks. It has to include the whole chain beginning with the characterization of the relevant exposure situation and ending up with the identification of remedial options. For that purpose a new technique of visualizing the radon flux from the waste rock dumps has been developed. The specific conditions at formerly abandoned Wismut sites will be demonstrated and the remediation solutions envisaged to reduce the radon flux will be explained.


Acute leukemias constitute the most common malignancy in childhood,
 accounting for 25-35% of all cancer in children. They are divided into acute
 lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Genetic
 susceptibility is known to play a major role in childhood leukemias. Wilms
 tumor (WT)1 is a zinc finger transcription factor involved in regulating the
 process of cell differentiation; it has been implicated in a wide range of
 human neoplasms. WT1 overexpression in the bone marrow at diagnosis is
 reported to be an independent negative prognostic factor in adults and
 children with AML. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the
 expression of WT1 in the bone marrow of children with AML and ALL in Serbia
 and its possible impact on patient survival. We determined bone marrow WT1
 expression levels by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
 at diagnosis in 20 children with AML and 20 children with ALL (16 B-ALL and 4
 T-ALL), as well as 15 age- and sex-matched controls who were evaluated for
 immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). For children with AML, follow-up
 samples were also analyzed one month after treatment initiation and at
 variable later timepoints of control punctures. The results were normalized
 based on WT1 expression in controls. We found that children with AML had
 significantly higher WT1 expression at diagnosis (median ± SD: 139.42 ±
 244.03) than those with ALL (1.18 ± 54.37; Mann-Whitney U=82; p<0.01) and ITP
 (0.76 ± 1.01; U=32; p<0.01). Patients with T-ALL had higher WT1 expression
 than those with B-ALL, though significance was not reached due to subgroup
 size; differences between AML subgroups according to the
 French-American-British (FAB) classification were also below the level of
 significance, though a tendency toward higher values in M3 and M4 leukemias
 was notable. There was also a tendency toward higher values in 14 children
 with AML who were still alive after a median follow-up of 1.5 years (181.42 ±
 192.52) than in 6 who succumbed to the disease (104.29 ± 354.87). All
 children with AML who had WT1 expression 1 month after diagnosis below the
 fourth quartile (10 of 10) were still alive, while only 2 of 5 with 1-month
 WT1 expression in the fourth quartile survived (Fisher's exact test:
 p=0.0952). Taken together, our results support a role for WT1 in the
 diagnostic workup in children with acute leukemia, although it needs to be
 considered in view of a complex and indvidualized context. [Projekat
 Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 41004]


In attempting to review the arguments in favour and against
the use of animals in biomedical research one cannot circumvent
discussing this in context of the use of animals for other
purposes, such as breeding for slaughter with the aim of
consumption, hunting, etc, and the motives for the agressive
behaviour of some animal rights activists. If one adheres to
the philosophy (belief) that animals are the equal of man, it
may be logical to oppose the use of animals for experimentation,
consumption, or any other purposes. Only a small
minority in our society consistently sticks to this principle.
They can be respected for this if they also abstain from the
benefits derived from animal experimentation. We know that
some governments in Europe have such strict rules that it has
become virtually impossible for animal experiments to be
performed within their borders. We wonder whether these
same governments will also prohibit registration of new
drugs or technical developments for the treatment of diseases
that have been developed using animal experiments performed
outside their borders. [...]


According to the principle of SS-Y tensometer,We analyze the influence and relation of air pressure change toward observational daily change curve of tensometer.The result shows,the relation between strain observational and air pressure is direct ratio.So,we think air pressure change is one of the main factors of aberration of observational daily change curve of tensometer.In the end,we advance some advises for putting up the apparatus in seismic station.


The acidity of the sample solution exerts considerable influence on the sensitivity of tin for most matrix modifiers. An investigation was made to compare the effects of the modifiers Pd, Pd-Mg(NO3)2 and Pd-Ni-MgCl2, and the last one was selected as the choice. The characteristic mass of the method is 18 pg/0.0044 A and the detection limit is 4.7 pg (3s). The relative standard deviation is 7.9% (x为11.2ppb, n=13) and the recovery of tin is 92-108%. The analytical results were in agreement with hydride-generation AAS.


We consider different versions of exploration in reinforcement learning. For the test problem, we use navigation in a shortcut maze. It is shown that chaotic ∊-greedy policy may be as efficient as a random one. The best results were obtained with a model chaotic neuron. Therefore, exploration strategy can be implemented in a deterministic learning system such as a neural network.


The calculation of option Greeks is important in financial risk management. However, the traditional pathwise method is not applicable to options with discontinuous payoffs. In this paper, using the idea of the conditional quasi-Monte Carlo method to smooth the payoff functions, we generalize the traditional pathwise method to calculate the first- and high-order Greeks. By taking a conditional expectation, the discontinuous integrand is smoothed. More importantly, the interchange of expectation and differentiation is proved to be possible. We show that the calculation of conditional expectations and then taking the derivatives with respect to the parameter of interest analytically is feasible for many common options. The new estimates for Greeks have good smoothness. For Asian and binary Asian options, for instance, our estimates are infinitely differentiable. So using the quasi-Monte Carlo method to estimate expectations improves the efficiency significantly. We also study the relationship of our method with several others in the literature, and show that our method is an extension of these methods. Numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the high efficiency of the proposed method.


Morphological, anatomical, geographical and numerical taxonomy studies suggested in an attempt to provide us more detailed descriptions of six species for the Fabaceae family newly added to the flora of Iraq. This species are: Trifolium pratense L., Cicer arietinum, Lathyrus vinealis, Melilotus alba, Vicia sativa, Medicago polymorpha. Results showed that the species Melilotus alba recorded the highest rate of stem length which ranged from 50cm110 cm while the species Cicer arietinum recorded the lowest rate ranged from 15 cm-30 cm, also the species Trifolium pretense recorded highest rate of stipuleslength ranged from 20mm to 45mm andin anatomical studies the same species recordedhighest rate of epidermis thickness which was 40.51μm but the lowest rate recorded by the species Medicago polymorpha which was 15.13 μm. The grographical results showed that the altitude range of the species between 1000-3000 m. Finally, the numerical taxonomy used to clarify genetic relationships among these species. *Corresponding Author: Khansaa R. Al-Joboury  mkansaa @yahoo.com Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) ISSN: 2220-6663 (Print) 2222-3045 (Online) Vol. 11, No. 5, p. 117-123, 2017 http://www.innspub.net J. Bio. Env. Sci. 2017 118 | Al-Joboury et al. Introduction The Fabaceae family content about 727 genera and 19,325 species (Haerinasaband Rahiminejad, 2012) includes herbs, shrubs, trees, and the climbers (Ceter et al., 2013). The family has a variety distribution in cold mountainous regions in Europe, Asia and North America, so abundant in central Asiawitha very economic importance (Sheikh, 2016). Legumes are among the three largest families of flowering plants, which being the main sources of gums, dyes, oils, insecticides, fibre, fuel, timber, medicinals and pulses (Wang, 2005).So that the morphological, anatomical geographical characteristics in many articles of the genus and species of Fabaceae family were reported and examined by Several previous studies as a study of Siahpoosh et al. (2015) and Çeter et al. (2012). This variationin studies and articles have been used by many authors and researcher toput the plant in various taxa (Marwat, 2009 Haerinasab Rahiminejad, 2011). The purpose of ourpre sent studies was todetermine all the general and specific taxonomy differences features and morphology, anatomy, geography and numerical taxonomy in to throw light on the problematic aspects for taxonomy of these species, and to determine and tracing the close relationships among various species. Materials and methods Morphological studies Some of the six species of the fabaceae family was fresh obtained from different localities of Iraq with dry specimens from some Iraqi herbaria during the period march 2015 August 2015.These specimens are identified according to Townsend and Guest (1974). Anatomical studies The anatomical slides were performed on crosssections of fresh samples of leaves and stems at Iraq natural history research center and museum, university of Baghdad, using hand sectioning method (Nasrullah, 2007). Geographical distribution In our study the distribution of the six species was evaluated, and also the geographical and habitat of all specimen examined had its data recorded on an index card such us: scientific name, date of collection, locality, altitude, Soil, habitat, abundance. Numerical taxonomy The data of this way using for comprehensive, evaluating and analyzing in order finding the relationship among the genus and species which we studies. In numerical taxonomy the programs of computer multivariate data analysis in morphological, anatomical and geographical data which except for the all or none traits (namely variables coded as 1 or 0). Results and discussion In our studies the morphlogical features of the six species are summarized in table (1). Some of the species are annual or biennial such as Melilotus alba and Medicago polymorpha or annual such as Cicer arietinum, Vicia sativa and Lathyrus vinealis except Trifolium pretense which is perennial species. Our studies and analysis for these species grown in Iraq revealed that they were differentiated and varied both the external and internal morphology examined and could be distinguish these species according to these morphological characteristics. The measurements were recorded among the studied species in length of stem, leaves, Stipules, pedicels, corolla, pod and seed. According to our results we found that the species Melilotus alba recorded the highest rate of stem length which ranged from 50 cm to 110 cm while the species Cicer arietinum recorded the lowest rate ranged from 15 cm-30 cm, also the species Trifolium pratense is distinguished by not containing pedicel. The species Lathyrus vinealis recorded the highest rate of pod length ranged from 30mm to 40mm while the species Melilotus alba recorded the lowest rate J. Bio. Env. Sci. 2017 119 | Al-Joboury et al. ranged from 3mm to 5mm. our study agrees with results of many authors such as Özbek et al. (2014) when they studied the species Melilotus bicolor which belongs to same family the fabaceae. Moreover, In Anatomical featuresthe epidermis in cross section in stem of all speciesis covered by a thin layer of cuticle, anlessthe species Medicago. Polymorpha covered by a thick layer (table 2). The species Trifolium pratens recorded highest rate of epidermis thickness which was 40.51 μm but the lowest rate recorded by the species Medicago polymorpha which was 15.13 μm these data in agreement with result of Cetin (2009). Table 1. Morphological features of the six species. Seed Pod mm Ovary mm Corolla Pedicels mm Stipules mm Leaflets mm Stem cm Habit Species No Keel mm Wings mm Standard mm 2 4-5 2-3 5-8 15-18 15-18× 2-3 20-45 15-30× 5-15 80-20 perennial Trifoliumpratense 1 5-10 20-30 3-4 4-6 8-10 6-12× 3-6 1-2 10 7-15× 2-6 15-30 annual Cicer arietinum 2 3-4 40-50 3-3.5 8-10 5-6 10-12× 7-10 3-4 12-20 25-60× 2-4 20-65 annual Lathyrus vinealis 3 1-2 3-5 2-3 4 3-4 4-5× 3-4 2 5-6 10-20× 11-5 50-110 annual or biennial Melilotus alba 4 2-5 10 5 4 2 1-3 3-4 10-11× 7-8 1.5 8 3 10-30 × 5 15 15-55 annual Vicia sativa 5 2 × 3 5-10 4-5 2-3 3-4 4-3× 3-2 1 8-10 10-20× 15-5 20-60 annual or biennial Medicago polymorpha 6 Table 2. Anatomical features of the stem of the six species. pith thickness vascular tissue thickness Cortex thickness epidermis Cuticle thickness Species No parenchyma chloranchymal collenchyma 421.05 190.61 60.62 15.55 147.73 40.51 4.21 Trifolium pratense 1 400.63 195.88 62.73 13.66 154.88 36.33 3.32 Cicer arietinum 2 433.97 190.76 60.33 14.72 155.62 39.98 3.86 Lathyrus vinealis 3 530.78 215.81 73.87 26.81 176.81 24.64 2.89 Melilotus alba 4 510.11 218.74 70.42 25.17 175.72 22.26 2.65 Vicia sativa 5 540.35 240.96 90.44 33.64 188.41 15.13 6.33 Medicago polymorpha 6 Table 3. Anatomical features of the leaves of the six species. vascular tissue + sclerenchyma mesophyll abaxial epidermal thickness adaxial epidermal thickness cutical Species No spongy cells palisade cells 220.65 120.77 91.81 34.44 42.84 3.52 Trifolium pratense 1 180.72 90.66 93.67 31.77 44.50 2.88 Cicer arietinum 2 2.1124 131.11 92.91 33.21 39.08 4.45 Lathyrus vinealis 3 380.60 88.42 111.09 26.58 40.98 5.40 Melilotus alba 4 260.66 100.43 111.31 25.66 44.03 6.36 Vicia sativa 5 250.92 89.11 110.45 20.49 28.96 4.65 Medicago polymorpha 6 The upper and lower walls of the epidermis cells were more thickness than the lateral walls in the two species Trifolium pretense, Lathyrus vinealis. Sothere are much single cell trichomes on some of epidermal cells. Inthe species Melilotus alba, Vicia sativa, Medicago polymorpha, the collenchyma tissue which is under the epidermis layer is very close to the epidermis cells and in all species the endodermis, single and thin layered is located above the vascular bundles, this data agree with Zoric et al. (2012). J. Bio. Env. Sci. 2017 120 | Al-Joboury et al. Table 4. Genetic distances among the six species.


Introduction: Parity is a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events in women compared to nulliparity. A more androgenic sex hormone profile, with increased testosterone to estrogen ratio, is as...


The average mathematical understanding ability of PGSD students is still below 50% and aspects of local culture have not been optimally used in lectures. This study aims to look at the influence of Sundanese ethnomatematics learning in mathematical understanding on curve material in PGSD 4th semester students in mathematics education II. The study focused on improving the mathematical understanding ability of PGSD students in curve material through Sundanese ethnomatematics learning (PES) using Kaganga letters. This experimental study with posttest control group design used a sample of 80 fourth semester PGSD students at a state university in Banten which was divided into 2 groups with a total of 40 students each. The experimental group with Sundanese ethnomatematics learning and control groups with conventional learning. The instrument used was in the form of posttest and student response to the kaganga script. The results of the study stated that: The ability of mathematical understanding between students who get mathematics learning with Sundanese ethnomatematics learning is better than conventional learning. Mathematics learning by using kaganga characters makes students interested, happy and motivated to learn mathematics while preserving Sundanese culture.


OAK-B135 Research in the area of low-energy nuclear science is described. We report on studies of the Z dependence of nuclear level densities, the development of a new Hauser-Feshbach computer code, and plans to measure level densities in nuclei off the line of stability. We also discuss the development of our R-matrix fitting capabilities, including new codes and the application to the C-14 system. Plans for future measurements of the Be-9(alpha,n) and B-11(alpha,n) reactions are discussed.


Cornell University, the California Institute for Technology, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory are jointly studying the construction of a 25 m diameter telescope for submillimeter astronomy on a high mountain in northern Chile. This Cornell Caltech Atacama Telescope (CCAT) will combine high sensitivity, a wide field of view, and a broad wavelength range to provide an unprecedented capability for deep, large area, multi-color submillimeter surveys to complement narrow field, high resolution studies with ALMA. CCAT observations will address fundamental themes in contemporary astronomy, notably the formation and evolution of galaxies, the nature of the dark matter and dark energy that comprise most of the content of the universe, the formation of stars and planets, the conditions in circumstellar disks, and the conditions during the early history of the Solar system. The candidate CCAT site, at 5600 m in northern Chile, enjoys superb observing conditions. To accommodate large format bolometer cameras, CCAT is designed with a 20 arcmin field of view. CCAT will incorporate closed loop active control of its segmented primary mirror to maintain a half wavefront error of 10 mum rms or less. Instrumentation under consideration includes both short (650 mum-200 mum) and long (2 mm-750 mum) wavelength bolometer cameras, direct detection spectrometers, and heterodyne receiver arrays. The University of Colorado, a Canadian university consortium, and the UK Astronomy Technology Centre on behalf of the UK community are pursuing participation in the CCAT consortium. When complete early in the next decade, CCAT will be the largest and most sensitive facility of its class as well as the highest altitude astronomical facility on Earth.


Background The corneal cross-linking procedure has been proven to be an effective method to treat and stabilize keratoconus progression, but early vision rehabilitation is still needed in patients. Aim The aim was to compare the results of the combined CXL and intrastromal corneal ring segment implantation procedure to that of the cross-linking-alone procedure in terms of visual acuity, refraction, and some corneal topographic parameters in keratoconic patients. Design This was a prospective, comparative, and interventional study. Patients and methods This study was carried out on 44 keratoconic patients (60 eyes) of both sexes who ranged from 18 to 36 years. Thirty eyes were subjected to the CXL-alone procedure and 30 eyes were subjected to the combined procedure. Measurements were performed in all patients preoperatively and at 3, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively including unaided visual acuity, best-corrected visual acuity, refractive, and topographic outcomes. Results Through the entire study period, both procedures were safe and effective in treating and stabilizing keratoconus progression. Furthermore, the combined group showed additional improvements over the CXL group for the following: UDVA at 3 months (P=0.0028), best-corrected visual acuity at 1 year (P=0.011), refractive and keratometric astigmatism at all follow-up visits and corneal asphericity at 3 months (P=0.013) and 6 months (P=0.0221) of follow-up. No severe intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed during the entire study period in either group. Conclusions The combined procedure is safe and effective for earlier improvement of visual and refractive outcomes in addition to the corneal stabilizing effect.


The demand of power is increasing day by day due to the increase of world population as well as the industrialization and modernization. Depletion of the world's fossil fuel reserves and the adverse effects of their uses on the environment insist the researchers to find out some means of efficient and cost effective alternative energy sources from small to large scales. In a gymnasium the human metabolism power is used to drive the physical exercise devices. However there are a number of exercise device which can have the potential to generate electricity during physical exercise. By converting the available mechanical energy from these exercise devices into kinetic energy, electric power can be produced. In this work, energy was harvested from the most commonly used physical exercise devices used in the gymnasium - paddling and chin up. The paddle pulley and the chin up pulley were connected to the couple pulley which in turn coupled to an alternator by a V-belt to produce electrical energy and a recharg...


To the Editor: The impact of antidepressants on body weight interferes with patients' adherence to these medications. In the past, tricyclic antidepressants were associated with weight gain.1 In recent years, even with advances, antidepressants have still struggled solving this complex issue. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can cause short-term body weight loss, but long-term body weight gain can be a significant concern in this treatment strategy.2 Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) agents, such as venlafaxine and sibutramine, have different effects on body weight. Sibutramine is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for obesity treatment,3 but the effect of venlafaxine on body weight is still controversial.


Increasing demand for conservation of water resources has prompted the notion that the separation of graywater (all wastewater not including toilet and kitchen sources) from sewer efflu- ents through the use of dual-plumbed systems may enable graywater to be reused. Constructed wetland systems for conditioning combined wastewater effluents are widely used, and offer an ef- ficient solution for onsite wastewater treatment of a variety of pollutants. However, limited long- term research has been conducted to determine the effectiveness of such systems specifically on graywater. This paper aims to determine the viability and efficiency of constructed wetlands for graywater treatment, and assess the water quality produced from such systems. The experimental method involves monitoring of specific water quality constituents under varying operating condi- tions in a prototype constructed graywater wetland. Preliminary findings show the wetland signifi- cantly reduces many graywater contaminants including pathogens, biochemical oxygen demands, solids, and nitrogen and phosphorus species.


I N A PREVIOUS STUDY, is was found that antigenic stimtilation resulted in distinct changes in the structure and silver staining of lymph nodes. These data had been obtained in a sttidy of mice with and without mammary 1 .2 Preliminary observations on human lymph nodes indicated that they responded in a similar fashion to certain acute infectious diseases. Stimulated by these findings, we have made an attempt to evaltiate an extended series of htiman lymph nodes in terms of their patterns, as defined 1)y ammoniacal silver and the hematoxylin and eosin ( H&E ) stains. The present report will he largely concerned with axillary lymph nodes removed at autopsy from patients not having cancer. Comparative data on a series of surgically removed lymph nodes will also be presented. The node patterns in htiman cancer patients will be reported stibsequently.


The major and trace element composition of three series of samples from the Murmano pluton (Divrigi-Sivas), eastern cen- tral Turkey, has been investigated in this study. Element distribution patterns as shown in variation diagrams favour the hypothesis that the pluton has a composite character, consisting of a number of intrusive bodies, representing separate magma batches. Earlier geochronological investigations suggest that the Murmano pluton postdates the ophiolite obduction in the area. Mineralogical criteria and the chemical data presented here indicate that the rocks are I-type plutonic rocks which have many characteristics of the calc-alkaline rock series for which current classification diagrams indicate an active subduction zone setting. High total alkalies versus SiO2, K2O versus SiO2, K2O/Na2O, Rb, Ba, Al and Fe2O3/FeO, and low TiO2 suggest that the pluton has a shoshonitic character.


Metallic lithium (Li) is a highly promising anode for high-energy-density batteries. However, irreversible Li deposition and Li dendrite growth during cycling, originated from unstable interface and chemistry disintegration, are the...


Objective To study the effect of Risperdal on serum cytokines in schizophrenic patients. Method Serum IL - 6. IL - 8. IFN - r and TNF - a were measured in 39 schizophrenic patients before and after treatment with Risperdal for six weeks. Clinical features were measured with PANSS and side effect rated with TESS. Resutl The serum IL - 6 level was significantly decreased after Risperdal treatment, but there was no significant change in serum IL - 8. IFN -r and TNF - a leveal. Scores of positive factors of PANSS correlated positively with pretreatment serum IL - 6 level, but not IL - 8 .IFN - r and TNF - a level. The decrease in serum IL - 6 level after treatment correlated positively with maximum dosage of Risperdal reached. Conclusion The current study demonstrates that schizophrenic psychosis is associated with cytokine dysfunction


QoS can't be guaranteed in wireless mobile ad-hoc networks because topology changes so often. Instead, this research proposes a dynamic multipath routing protocol that may automatically pick the best path for different types of data traffic based on current conditions. With multiple-path measurements and weighed cost functions, bandwidth estimates, and DDET counts, various kinds of traffic may get the QoS they need. According to the simulation findings, the new approach is capable of attaining better round-trip speeds and packet delivery ratios than the current protocols. This research has proven that multipath metrics choices may be utilised to boost throughput and minimise end-to-end latency in mobile ad-hoc networks.


Three Thiobacillus ferrooxidans strains with strong arsenic resistance and capacity of sulfide ore decomposition,namely M1s,1# and Malan,were used for a microbial oxidation and leaching experiment on DBF ore from Shimian County,Sichuan Province.The arsenic content and pH change in the microbial oxidation process and the optimum leaching conditions of gold were studied intensively.The change of the microbial oxidation process with time and the optimum leaching conditions of gold are given in the paper.


The gain and offset circuit are designed using the two-point correction method, aiming at the non-uniformity in the process of X-ray imaging. The module of data signal processing with checking safely equipment of X-ray line scanning is completed. The processing effect has been gained, because of the circuit structure of DSP+CPLD, as well as, the realization of engineering applications through two-time correction of analog and digital modules.


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