PTEN since its identification has been in large associated with the control of human malignancies. The dominance of PTEN over the PI3K signaling cascade is mainly
responsible for rendering it the tumor suppressive role that results in the control of a wide array of physiological processes; growth, apoptosis, proliferation and migration. However, in recent years, PTEN has expanded its TENtacles in regulating processes like stem cell
population maintenance, genomic stability regulation and activation of ovarian follicle. Meanwhile, PTEN protein phosphatase activity has gained significant importance and is even capable of inhibiting cell migration irrespective of the Akt pathway. As a protein phosphatase, it targets among others SRC kinases, CREB in the nucleus thereby regulating migration of glioma cells. Crucial for PTEN to be able to render its functions properly is the
ability to translocate to different sub-cellular compartments of the cell and even out of it
through exosomes while retaining its phosphatase activity in the cells where it is internalized. Justifiably, PTEN has fast attained the stature of one of the prime regulators of the cell and therefore it needs to be subjected to intricate surveillance. Although, PTEN like other major players of the cell shows regulation at the transcriptional level as well as through epigenetic silencing, post-translational modifications of PTEN and
the associated localization based alterations in its activities have been the focal point of research on PTEN regulatory events. There have been reports that suggest for negligible PTEN expression although the transcript levels seemed to be good enough. Thus, this study aims to delineate the post-translational modulations of PTEN and their implication in cancer. The first two parts of the work provide insights into the post-translational
regulation of PTEN mainly by ubiquitination and ubiquitination-phosphorylation crosstalk. While in the third part, a strategy to stabilize PTEN has been established through an exosomes-mediated delivery of the intrinsic C-terminus domain of PTEN that causes tumor
inhibition. In the first part of the study, we show that CHIP, the chaperone-associated E3 ligase induces ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of PTEN as well as regulates the turnover of the protein. It was apparent from our findings that PTEN transiently associates
with the molecular chaperones and thereby gets diverted to the degradation pathway through its interaction with CHIP. The TPR domain of CHIP and parts of the N-terminal
domain of PTEN are required for their interaction. Overexpression of CHIP leads to elevated ubiquitination and a shortened half-life of endogenous PTEN. On the other hand,
depletion of endogenous CHIP stabilizes PTEN. CHIP is also shown to regulate PTENdependent transcription presumably through its downregulation. PTEN shared an inverse
correlation with CHIP in human prostate cancer patient samples thereby triggering the prospects of a more complex mode of PTEN regulation in cancer.PTEN mutation is a frequent feature across a plethora of human cancers, the hot-spot being its C-terminus (CT) regulatory domain resulting in a much diminished level of protein expression. In the second part of the work, the presence of C-terminus mutations was confirmed through sequencing of different human tumor samples. CKII-mediated phosphorylation of PTEN at these sites makes it a loopy structure competing with the E3 ligases for binding to its lipid anchoring C2 domain. Accordingly, it was found that PTEN-CT
expressing stable cell lines could inhibit tumorigenesis in syngenic breast tumor mice models. The third part shows the strategy to design a novel exosome-mediated delivery of the
intrinsic PTEN domain, PTEN-CT into different cancer cells and observed reduced proliferation, migration and colony forming ability. The delivery of exosome containing
PTEN-CT to breast tumor mice model was found to result in significant regression in tumor size with the tumor sections showing increased apoptosis. Here, we also report for the first time an active PTEN when its C2 domain is bound by PTEN-CT, probably rendering its antitumorigenic
activities through the protein phosphatase activity. Therefore, therapeutic interventions that focuses on PTEN E3 ligase inhibition through exosome-mediated PTENCT
delivery can be a probable route in the treatment of cancers with low PTEN expression. Altogether, the findings emanating from this research work could be useful in designing therapeutic strategies against cancers showing low or negligible PTEN expression.


Because the testing data of power transformers for their condition evaluation have uncertainty characteristic, and there is little knowledge and human experience on transformer fault diagnosis, the rough set theory is used to diagnose transformers. This paper presents a new type fault decision model based on rough set theory. The traditional dissolved gas-in-oil analysis (DGA) for power transformers' condition evaluation and rough set theory based fault diagnosis are combined in the diagnostic model. The results of using the proposed model to analyze some known samples of testing data of faulty transformers shows that the model possesses strong solving ability to deal with uncertain facts. Moreover, by comparing with popular diagnosis methods like Naive Bayes classification, there is less fault data discriminated by the rough set model and the accuracy for power transformer fault diagnosis is improved using our proposed model


This article proposes an integrated system analysis and forecasting of non-stationary time series in order to improve the adequacy of the developed models of non-stationary processes. The methodology is proposed for modeling non-stationary processes that includes the following stages: the preliminary data processing, estimation of the model structure and its parameters, computing of forecasts estimates. Examples are provided of the use of this system for the analysis and prediction of prices of Food Production Company and for the financial processes prediction. The results indicate that the integrated system for the analysis, modeling, and forecasting of non-stationary processes performs automated processing of data, automatically determines the structure of the model, and selects the best forecasting models.


[Objective]To initially approach the role of lumbar facet joint derived inflammatory factors in degenerative lumbar spinal canal stenosis. [Methods]Totally 75 cases of degenerative lumbar spinal canal stenosis(LSCS)(n=41)and lumbar intervertebral disc herniation(LDH)(n=34) undergoing posterior lumbar spinal surgery in our department were evaluated in terms of the extent of degenerative arthrosis according to the Weishaup grading criteria.The grading of backleg pain,melosalgia and functional impairment were recorded.The excised lumbar facet joints were collected as species.The content of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in the species were determined by ELISA.[Results]There was no TNF-α detected in both of the two groups.More IL-1β was detected in degenerative lumbar spinal canal stenosis group than that in lumbar intervertebral disc herniation group.It was demonstrated that the content of IL-1β in the species increased as the degeneration of lumbar facet joint sharpened.IL-1β-positive cases in degenerative lumbar spinal canal stenosis group showed higher grading of backleg pain,melosalgia and functional impairment.[Conclusion]The cartilage of degenerative lumbar spinal canal produced more IL-1β.Lumbar facet joint derived inflammatory factors might be one of the reasons that cause backleg pain and melosalgia and functional impairment in degenerative lumbar spinal canal stenosis patients.


In recent years,as the infrastructure construction in China,especially in expressway construction in full swing,there is an increasing emphasis on high-quality expressway construction and higher demands of the greening landscape.Highway greening landscape design includes many elements,the greening landscape design of "original ecology" is mostly explored based on the application of native plants to the road embankment,tunnels landscape,interchange zone,slope,service area of the Guang-Wu Expressway.


: In the Cartularies and Diplomatic collections of medieval monasteries there are many judicial controversies about those Episcopal rights regarding jurisdiction, rent pay-ments, properties and clergymen designations, which were claimed by bishops. The problem began during the Spanish Reconquest, when some prívate churches were founded by a Lord or an Abbot and were then turned into parish churches. It was then that the differences among bishops and Benedictine abbots regarding the jurisdictional practise started, because the Papacy distinguished two different terms from the 13*' century: the Protection and Freedom Charter, and the so called "jurisdictional exemption", belonging to bishops. This problem remained in Castile until the 19"' century, causing many judi cial proceedings.


Postpartum depression is recognized as the most common complication of childbearing; however, its etiology remains fairly undetermined. Many different influences have been hypothesized as to what may cause postpartum depression, including changes in levels of various hormones (such as estrogen and progesterone), a decrease in serotonin, low levels of vitamin D, social factors, and iron deficiency. The lack of strong evidence for one specific cause makes it fairly clear that there are many factors that play a role in the development of postpartum depression. Iron deficiency is one issue that is thought to contribute to the development of postpartum depression due to iron's role of oxygenating the brain, as well as in the synthesis of some neurotransmitters and enzymes in the nervous system. Therefore, iron deficiency can result in decreased oxygenation of the brain tissue, which can result in depression symptoms, and it can also decrease the number of certain neurotransmitters that are linked to depression. IRON DEFICIENCY AND POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION 4 An Examination into the Relationship Between Iron Deficiency and Postpartum


The wear rate of spray nozzles affects several factors. This study aimed to investigate the influence of spray nozzle wear rate on droplet characteristics, such as droplet size, droplet homogeneity, droplets prone to drift, and flow rate variation. Eight hydraulic nozzles models (AIXR-110-02, JSF-110-02, TT-110-02, DG-110-02, XR-110-02, ADI-110-02, XR-110-02, and AI-110-02) were subject to an accelerated wear test, and their effects were measured at six experimental wear times (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 hours). The following variables were evaluated: volume median diameter, percentage of spray volume containing droplets smaller than 100 μm (prone to spray drift), flow rate (L min -1 ), and relative span, which indicates droplet size homogeneity. The droplet population was measured using a laser particle size analyzer. The use of the spray nozzle tip influences the quality of the spray application due to the wear rate. This study revealed a linear increase in the flow rate and volume median diameter as functions of the wear rate increment. The droplet size increased over the wear time, which consequently modified the volume percentage of droplets smaller than 100 μm and significantly increased the relative span.


Let A be a unital C*-algebra with unitary group G. Give G the relative (Banach space) weak topology. Then G is a topological group, and we show that A is nuclear if and only if there exists a left invariant mean on the space of right uniformly continuous, bounded, complex-valued functions on G. Nuclear C*-algebras and invective von Neumann algebras are of fundamental importance in operator algebra theory. The two classes of algebras are related through the remarkable result (of Choi-Effros and Connes): a C*-algebra A is nuclear if and only if A** is an invective von Neumann algebra. From the work of Haagerup [3], nuclearity is the same as amenability (in the Banach algebra sense) for C*-algebras. Further, from the deep work of Connes and others, it is known that injectivity, Property P, hyperfiniteness and amenability are all equivalent for a von Neumann algebra M. The relationship between injectivity and classical amenability for topological groups is established in a result of de la Harpe [4] discussed below. We note here that Haagerup in [3] proves that the injectivity of M is equivalent to the existence of a left invariant mean on a certain space of functions on the isometry semigroup of M. The author plans to discuss the relationship between the invariant mean results of Haagerup and de la Harpe in a future paper. We recall some notions from topological group theory. A fundamental system of entourages for the right uniformity on a topological group G is given by sets of the form {(x,y) E Gx G:yx-1 E V}, where V is a neighborhood of the identity e in G. Let RUC(G) be the space of right uniformly continuous bounded functions f: G -k C. It is well known and easy to show that if f: G -C is bounded, then f E RUC(G) if and only if the map x -fx is norm continuous from G to loo(G), where fx(y) = f(xy) (y E G). The space RUC(G) is a unital C*-subalgebra of I, (G),and is right invariant in the sense that fx E RUC(G) whenever f E RUC(G). If X is a right invariant, unital subspace of lo (G), then an element m E X* is called a left invariant mean if m(1) = 1 = Ilmll and m(fx) = m(f) for all f E X, x E G. Let Y(X) be the set of left invariant means on X. Received by the editors September 10, 1990. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification (1985 Revision). Primary 46L05. ? 1992 American Mathematical Society 0002-9939/92 $1.00 + $.25 per page


Relationship dissolution is a common occurrence in emerging adulthood but has received relatively less empirical attention than relationship formation and maintenance. This special issue includes six empirical studies that examine factors that contribute to romantic relationship dissolution during this developmental stage, its consequences, and factors related to postbreakup adjustment. Samples are drawn from the Canada, Israel, and the United States to provide a diverse perspective of romantic dissolution during this developmental period. Authors of each paper discuss how their findings shed light on the developmental significance of relationship dissolution as an important transition to examine during emerging adulthood. We conclude the special issue with an integration of the frameworks of and findings from the contributions.


The Atiyah-Singer index theorem for the Dirac operator on a manifold with boundary involves a non-local term constructed from the eigenvalues of the Dirac operator on the boundary. This eta invariant is evaluated for charged spinors on the left-invariant S3 boundary of the Taub-NUT istanton.


It we are serious in our attempts to develop 'special instructional techniques' in Special Education, we cannot afford to overlook the potential value of the 'Behaviour Modification' approach. Dr. Clunies-Ross summarizes the major features of the theory, relates the theory to teaching and challenges us with the assertion that while there appears to be ample evidence of the value of the approach in educational programmes for the mentally retarded overseas, "only very limited and isolated attempts" have been made to incorporate this approach in 'special' organizations in this country.


In this companion piece to the preceding discussion, Dr. Joseph Foley provides a detailed guide to the major sources of printed broadcast legal documents. He notes differences between official and unofficial legal reporters, the role of citators, the many types and sources of FCC decisions and other documents, sources of court decisions, and how to read legal citations. The emphasis throughout is on how best to extract needed information and decisions from a truely vast legal literature whose organization often seems strange to the uninitiated, but really offers a logical approach to guide the experienced researcher. The author is also a member of the faculty of the Department of Speech Communication at Ohio State University, and earned the Ph.D. at the University of Iowa.


Increasing the quality requirements for modern radio electronic apparatus for different purposes has emphasized the problem of accuracy assurance by complex optimization of the manufacturing processes. This requires the programmes and models used to be of high flexibility and adequacy. Conventional application of the classical laws of random variable distributions, in most cases, does not satisfy these requirements. The research performed has revealed the possibility of enhancing adequacy of the models of real apparatus parameter distributions in the way of using the multiparametric functions with independent parameters.


In order to develop a backup navigation scheme for allowing temporally GPS faults or degradations, this paper proposes a dynamic key-frame-based natural-landmark scene matching visual navigation method for UAV. Firstly, this method could autonomously describe and check featured natural landmarks by analyzing image sequence from on-board camera. Secondly, After abstraction of key-frames including featured natural landmark, UAV will be located by the means of NLSM (Natural-Landmark Scene Matching) which based on dynamic key-frame. Thirdly, this navigation scheme adopt inter-frame scene matching algorithm in order to improving the navigation performance of accuracy, reliability and runtime. Experiments show that the vision navigation scheme proposed fits the requirements of navigation in complex and unknown environment for UAV.© 2011 ASME


The radiation of electromagnetic (EM) noise from a plasma display panel (PDP) is analyzed using a three dimensional finite element method (3D-FEM) and measurements. The EM noise is not only the harmonic noise from the digital circuits, but also the broad band noise from the panel itself. The EM noise amplitude depends on the displayed patterns of the panel. From the measurements of the noise from different displayed patterns and the timing of the noise emission, we found that one of the main reasons for the radiation from the panel is the displacement currents between the electrodes of the panel. This phenomenon was confirmed by the computation using a 3D-FEM. The EM noise from the panel can be decreased by optimizing waveforms of driving pulses and the grounding method of the panel electrodes.


Healthcare professionals frequently place central lines for monitoring, drug administration, and blood withdrawal. Although the presence of a central line can have several benefits, it is not without risk. Commonly reported risks include pneumothorax, infection, and thrombosis, but there are myriad examples of complications associated with central lines. On account of the large number of unreported cases, complication rates can be difficult to estimate. Recent reports indicate complication rates associated with central line placement range from 6% to 33%. Seldinger described cannulation of blood vessels with the aid of a guide wire. The Seldinger technique made insertion of central lines easier and became common practice. Although providing great benefits, guide wires also pose unique risks to patients. In an American Society of Anesthesiology closed claims analysis published in 2004, Domino et al reviewed central line complications. From 1970 to 2000, 110 of 6449 claims were related to central catheters. Eleven of these claims (0.17% of all claims) involved guide wire complications. This article presents a case of guide wire breakage, includes a review of guide wire complications described in the literature, and provides suggestions for preventing guide wire complications.


Abstract : The literature pertinent to the use of packaging materials for radiation processed foods has been reviewed and tabulated. The conclusions drawn from these data have been applied to the probable package engineering requirements of five fishery and five fruit products under investigation by the AEC for shelf life extension by radiation-pasteurization. The needed research and field testing program is outlined. A bibliography of approximately 450 references and 18 tables of data are included.


The objective of the present study was to determine the genetic control and heritability of siliquae per plant at two places including without and application of nitrogen (Pp and Ps) and its related stress tolerance indices based on half diallel crosses of six spring rapeseed varieties. Significant mean squares of general combining ability (GCA) were detected for Pp and Ps and also the other related stress indices except tolerance index (TOL) and stress susceptibility index (SSI), indicating the importance of additive genetic effect. Significant mean squares of specific combining ability (SCA) were observed for all the studied traits except TOL indicating the importance of non additive genetic effects for them. Low narrow sense heritability estimates for Pp and Ps and also other associated stress indices except geometric productivity (GMP) indicated the prime importance of non additive genetic effects for these traits except GMP. Most of the crosses had significant SCA effects of siliquae per plant at non application of nitrogen condition, therefore selection of combinations based on SCA effect of Ps will be more efficient than SCA effect of Pp. The variations of SCA effects of the crosses for mean productivity (MP) and GMP are higher than the other stress indices, so selection of the crosses based on this two stress indices will have sufficient gain. High parent heterosis effects of TOL, STI and SSI were more variated than SCA effects, therefore selection based on high parent heterosis effects will be more efficient than SCA effects.


The foreign retail enterprises enter into the Chinese retail market due to the China's consumer market potential and the foreign market saturation. They not only vie with the Chinese retail enterprise for the market portion but also impact the upper providers. Whether the foreign retail enterprise can threat against the China's national economic security is discussed.


Effects of three antioxidants on appearance and tenderness of hot processed (HP) and cold processed (CP) pork were studied. Loin roasts were either HP or CP and infused with one of four solutions. The infusion solution was 10% salt and 3% phosphate, to which ascorbic acid BHA, TBHQ or no antioxidant (control) was added. HP chops were darker but more tender than CP chops


This should contain a short summary of the work reported in the paper suffi cient to inform a reader who does not have sight of the full paper. If the paper describes one or more new taxa then the Abstract should report their principal distinguishing characteristics (e.g. "Bryonora granulata Fryday, with a fi nely granular thallus containing perlatolic acid"). If the paper reports experimental or survey data then, if appropriate, include headline values.


Thapsos is a settlement located on the Magnisi peninsula, a triangular strip of land between the gulfs of Syracuse and Augusta. Here it developed a remarkable Middle Bronze Culture (1440-1250 BC), with a village with proto-urban character for the influence of import and know-how from the Aegean, Cyprus and Malta. The necropoleis of Thapsos are arranged in 3 areas of the peninsula. For our analysis we considered the two groups of rectangular shaft tombs with underground chamber necropolis, widespread on the limestone plateau to the North and South of the peninsula. A first partial study about the orientation of the Thapsos' shaft tombs was realized at the beginning of the third millennium on 25 tombs in the North necropolis; in this first analysis it was observed that there were two privileged orientations: one of astronomical character, linked to the sunrise at the summer solstice, and the other of topographical character, connected to Mount Etna (North direction). The new archaeoastronomical analysis on the Thapsos' shaft tombs was started by the authors in 2016 and involved 70 tombs located on the peninsula. The opportunity to study the orientations of these tombs allowed to realize the first mapping of the necropoleis and the numbering of the tombs. The proposed study is therefore of great scientific importance, as it was previously thought that in the Bronze Age had lost cultic tradition of building shaft tombs necropoleis with astronomically oriented entrance. The study thus opens new scenarios as part of the funerary rituals and religious needs, showing a discontinuity with the previous phases.


Background: the COVID-19 has been successfully contained in China but is spreading all over the world. We use phenomenological models to dissect the development of the epidemics in China and the impact of the drastic control measures both at the aggregate level and within each province. We use the experience from China to analyze the calibration results on Japan, South Korea, Iran, Italy and Europe, and make future scenario projections. Methods: we calibrate the logistic growth model, the generalized logistic growth model, the generalized growth model and the generalized Richards model to the reported number of infected cases from Jan. 19 to March 10 for the whole of China, 29 provinces in China, four severely affected countries and Europe as a whole. The different models provide upper and lower bounds of our scenario predictions. Results: We quantitatively document four phases of the outbreak in China with a detailed analysis on the heterogenous situations across provinces. Based on Chinese experience, we identify a high risk in Japan with estimated total confirmed cases as of March 25 being 1574 (95% CI: [880, 2372]), and 5669 (95% CI: [988, 11340]) by June. For South Korea, we expect the number of infected cases to approach the ceiling, 7928 (95% CI: [6341, 9754]), in 20 days. We estimate 0.15% (95% CI: [0.03%, 0.30%]) of Italian population to be infected in a positive scenario. We would expect 114867 people infected in Europe in 10 days, in a negative but probable scenario, corresponding to 0.015% European population. Conclusions: The extreme containment measures implemented by China were very effective with some instructive variations across provinces. For other countries, it is almost inevitable to see the continuation of the outbreak in the coming months. Japan and Italy are in serious situations with no short-term end to the outbreak to be expected. There is a significant risk concerning the upcoming July 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Iran's situation is highly uncertain with unclear and negative future scenarios, while South Korea is approaching the end of the outbreak. Both Europe and the USA are at early stages of the outbreak, posing significant health and economic risks to the world in absence of serious measures.


it does from the "problem of transition to chiefdom and state among the Aryans." Several chapters deal with the transition from the ancient to the medieval period, underlining the accompanying socioeconomic changes and characteristics of the early medieval period. There is considerable repetition and overlapping in chapters 12–16. They are somewhat dated, in light of the several useful publications out in the past decade. Interpretations of the period from 300 to 600 CE have moved away from describing the era as one of just feudalism, as even though land-grant inscriptions reflect changes in agrarian relations, they intensified only in the early medieval period. There is insufficient material evidence to argue for a marked decline in urban center crafts and trade in this period, as this period witnessed the development of complex religious pantheons and institutions, which may be further corroborated by the presence of elaborate sculpture and architecture. The latter would have, undoubtedly, been dependent on the patronage of urban elites. The flier of the book states that the book "presents a comprehensive and accessible account of the history of early India." No doubt this is true for the intended readers—students, teachers, and scholars of early Indian history who, with some discrimination, can get the essence of Sharma's considerable scholarly oeuvre in one volume. However, besides the curious lumping of these articles into one volume, the editing at places leaves much to be desired, and the diacritical marks are not consistent. The book is titled Rethinking India's Past, which is a bit of a misnomer, for there is not much rethinking, and the updating of the historiography present in this volume remains a desideratum.


This paper develops an algorithm system to check whether the role of color can be an important attribute in facial recognition systems in two dimensions (2-D), with frontal orientation and small variations in the gestures of individuals. The first phase involves the detection and localization of the human face for which the learning algorithm uses a combination of AdaBoost and cascade classifiers to increase detection rates. In a second phase the eigenfaces approach is applied and a clasification system is implemented, to recognize and identify the subject of entry to a specific individual, using the Euclidean and Mahalanobis distance. We illustrate the results of the proposed system for both color images as gray, finding that the color information at the HSV plane can improve recognition rates when compared with the RGB plane.


In order to standardize the construction of Chinese maize DNA fingerprint database,an overall criterion was set up,which regulated nine related aspects including molecular marker,detection platform,reagent,sample,evaluation procedure,data conformity,pattern database,extended database,blind test.This criterion will help to a collaboration among different laboratories to construct high-throughput DNA fingerprint database.


A mechanism is proposed by which the energy flow through a turbulent medium might be constrained to maximize its dissipation or (equivalently) its thermodynamic efficiency. The mechanism may provide a physical basis for the various findings over the years that the earth‐atmosphere system has adopted a format which maximizes its overall rate of entropy production. The qualitative picture is of a system which, because of the asymmetry of its turbulent fluctuations about the locus of possible steady states determined by energy balance, moves to a preferred steady state and therefore to a preferred turbulent transfer coefficient.


This study examined the relationship between the construct of codependency, family alcohol consumption patterns, degree of family dysfunction, and gender. It was proposed that codependent behaviors, feelings, and attitudes would be present in persons regardless of the reported degree of family alcohol abuse if dysfunctional patterns of relating exsisted in the family of origin. It was further hypothesised that women would evidence higher codependency scores than males in all groups. The Spann-Fischer codependency assessment instrument was use to measure subjects feelings and attitudes. Subjects were divided into four groups based on their report of family dysfunction and family alcohol consumption patterns. Results indicated codependent characteristics were more prevalent in subjects from the maximum dysfunction group compaired to those in the minimum dysfunction group regardless of reported degree of family alcohol consumption. Females did not score significantly higher than males. The additional questions assessing the concept of Hypervigilence did not show significant intercorrelations and only correlated moderately with the SpannFisher assessment instrument. The concept of codependency is reviewed and implications for future research are discussed.


The objective of the present thesis is to offer a documental survey about the evangelical musical production in Brazil. In theological and institutional terms, Protestantism tried to make more evident the element that united the different denominations than the elements that made them different, and this caracteristic was made clear in the musical production, once there is free transit of singers and composers in churches and companies and the musical repertoire is basically only one, which comes from the NorthAmerican tradition of the so called missionary era in the middle of the XIX century and a later national production, maintaining the same literary and musical standarts. Considering the period between 1930 and 1990, a period before the musical production and digital distribution, in which the LPs predominated, the research was carried out in recorders and radio station in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro cities through an intensive registration of all the available material. A database was created in the Access software – Microsoft, where 965 albums, 9370 songs and 6269 artists were registered, in addition to many other pieces of information. A report was produced to provide the largest possible quantity of dada, nerthless, in order to reach effective knowledge and understanding of the research, a consult of the database, available in CD-rom, is recommended.


Abstract This paper aims at dissecting the foremost innovative linguistic features that characterize the hybrid text-based online social network communication of some Algerian Facebook users. It also seeks to emphasize the role of computer-mediated communication, mainly social networking sites (SNSs), in the modernization of stigmatized informal language varieties as in the case of Algerian Dialectal Arabic (ADA). To achieve this, a qualitative research approach, in which both the researcher's long-term participant observation and a descriptive content analysis of a corpus of 30 hybrid text-based Facebook posts, is adopted for investigation. Moreover, the relevant data was collected from a virtual Facebook group community that was chiefly created by some younger Algerian EFL students at Ibn Khaldoun University of Tiaret in Algeria in order to share information related to their studies. Interestingly, the findings of our case study revealed that the ADA is linguistically accommodated to some nonstandard and unconventional spellings of hybrid informal writing such as transliteration in its two forms, the use of distinctive signs such as numbers for some letters, the partial and/or full removal of vowel sounds for shortenings, the occurrence of written code switching/mixing and loanwords, and deficiency in using punctuation marks. Ultimately, the research ends with some recommendations for future research in the domain of text-based online communication with reference to the sociolinguistic situation in Algeria.


Objective To investigate the etiology,the relative factors and the treatments of the paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF) and chronical atrial fibrillation(CAF) in the elderly.Methods 177 aged patients with AF in our hospital were selected into this study.Compared the etiology and the relative factors between the PAF and CAF patients.Results The incidence of CAF was higher than PAF in the elderly(54.4%:45.6%).Among the etiology and the relative factors,there were significantly differences of hypertension,coronary heart disease,diabetes,heart failure,and calcific valvular heart disease between the PAF and CAF patients(P0.05).The incidence of the large atrial and ventricular diameter and stroke in CAF were higher than those in PAF(P0.05).Patients with PAF were treated by cardioversion,and maintain the sinus heart rate with routine drugs,including ACEI and ARB.While those with CAF were mainly control the heart rate,and should be paid more attention to the anticoagulation therapy.Conclusions The incidence of CAF is higher than that of PAF in the elderly.While those with chronical AF are aimed to control the heart rate,and should be paied more attention to the anti-thrombus therapy in order to decrease the disable and mortality of stroke.


The efficiency of the grafting of powdered polypropylene (PP) by butyl acrylate (BA) initiated by tert.-butylperoxy-2-ethylhex-as a ratio of the grafted and polymerized monomer was relatively high during the whole course of the reaction and it does not decrease under 0.5. The relatively high polymerization rate and also grafting efficiency at the beginning of the reaction is refered to the gel effect - the monomer is absorbed in the amorphous part of the powdered PP. With increasing the content of monomer in the reaction feed, the content of unsoluble cross-linked polymer increased as the consequence of the radical cross-linking of polybutylacrylate chains. The mechanism of grafting of powdered PP by BA is discussed.


Prescriber 5 February 2014 z 7 prescriber.co.uk Evidence should support or refute theories and hypotheses and be designed with sufficient scientific rigor to allow precise methods of observations, measurements, experiments and conclusions. Advancement of scientific knowledge relies on several tiers of evidence collection,1 aiming to deduce mechanisms and infer treatments. Thus we study the effect of a particular exposure on an outcome of interest, in populations or individuals. Although epidemiological observations are necessary to drive medical and scientific advancement, causality cannot be drawn from clinical observations alone.2


The utility model relates to a safety anti-explosion capacitor which is formed by mutually winding two strips of metallized thin-film materials, wherein the metallized thin-film materials are formed by high temperature and hot press after the winding, the end surface of a capacitor submodule is sprayed with a layer of welding surface of the capacitor submodule made of zinc tin alloy, a lead wire adopts a tinned copper wire, and an external packaging is formed by filling a yellow and fire-proof insulating adhesive tape and a fire-proof type epoxy resin and welding the axial lead wire. The utility model is characterized in that a metal coating in a metal thin-film is composed of a plurality of small quadrilaterals or rhombus metal coatings, and quadrilaterals or rhombuses are connected by fuses or melt wires. The utility model can storage, charge and discharge electric current when in normal operation. When the voltage and the electric current overload to run for exceeding the rated range, the fuses of the metal coating in the metal thin-film can fuse to break so as to achieve the purposes of protecting the capacitor or others electrical devices and enhancing the use safety of the capacitor.


ABSTRACT As society becomes more dependent upon technological resources, to share information and provide education, it is imperative that we ensure inclusive information access and provide resources for digital literacy in order to decrease barriers to information for marginalized communities. This research focuses specifically on the digital literacy needs of homeless youth. The findings presented here will contribute knowledge to the public library sector and allow librarians to develop, improve, and promote digital literacy programming for homeless youth. As a result, public libraries will be better positioned to bridge the digital literacy divide that exists today and begin moving towards a greater level of equity.


A CMOS folding and interpolating A/D conversion architecture fully compatible with standard digital CMOS technology is described. Fully-differential, continuous-time, current-mode, open-loop analog circuitry is used to achieve high speed. Results from 125 Ms/s 8-b and 150 Ms/s 6-b prototypes implemented in a digital 1 /spl mu/m n-well CMOS process are presented. The 8-b (6-b) converter occupies 4 mm/sup 2/ (2 mm/sup 2/) and dissipates 225 mW (55 mW) from a single 5 V power supply.


Canonical correlation analysis allows conclusions to be drawn about the occurrence and magnitude of associations between two groups of characteristics. This study estimated the magnitude of association and interdependence between two trait groups of clones of two varieties of Vitis vinifera grapes. The study was based on the mean data of eight characteristics from two experiments to test the performance of these clones: the first experiment provided data from seven clones of Cabernet Sauvignon, which evaluated in the northern San Joaquin Valley, California, United States, and the second data set was from six clones of the Chardonnay variety, which were evaluated in the Napa Valley, California, United States. The canonical correlations among the two varieties were significant, indicating that the two groups of characteristics were related or not independent. The quality and quantity of the raw material required for fine-wine production were inversely proportional and specific to each variety. For Cabernet Sauvignon, the high number of berries per bunch and high number of bunches per plant resulted in fruits with a high °Brix level and increased pH. For Chardonnay, the increase in the bunch weight and number of berries decreased the fruit pH.


Abstract : CONTENTS: Light scattering from a sphere on or near a surface; Light scattering from a sphere on or near a surface: Errata; Coherent fluorescent emission and scattering from a uniform cylinder; Coherent fluorescent emission and scattering from a uniform sphere; Light scattering mueller matrix from a fiber as a function of MgO contamination; Experimental light-scattering mueller matrix for a fiber on a reflecting optical surface as a function of incident angle; Light scattering resonances in small spheres; Polarized light scattered from rough surfaces; Stokes vectors, mueller matrices and polarized scattered light: Experimental applications to optical surfaces and all other scatterers; The light scattering mueller for a surface contaminated by a single particle in the Rayleigh limit; Electromagnetic scattering from a sphere: The near field region; Light Scattering from a sphere on or near an interface; The polarized light scattering matrix elements for rough surfaces.


In this study, the concept of grading entropy is applied to evaluate the textural evolution of waste rocks at the surface of rehabilitated mine dumps. A series of mine‐spoil samples that were collected from topsoils and subsoils at sites of mine rehabilitation that had been established for different periods of time. According to the results, the increase in particle degradation which occurs nearer to the rehabilitated surface could be observed in changes in the grading curve, and numerically accounted for through changes in the grading entropy. The samples showed similar trends to the soils in many fragmentation problems: a near‐fractal distribution, outside of the unstable zone of the grading entropy diagram. The samples plotted in the transitional stability zone, with the most stable sample being the natural sub soil. However, unlike fragmentation by crushing, the largest fragments were not necessarily preserved through a cushioning by the smaller particles.


Root protein contents of 15 cassava varieties (Manihot esculenta Crantz) ranged from 5 to 19 g kg -1 dry matter. Intervarietal differences in amino acid profiles of cassava roots were evident. Differences in the levels of aspartic acid, glutamic acid and arginine were most notable. The nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors (k AA ) based on nitrogen recovered from total amino acid analyses including ammonia ranged from 4.75 to 5.87, showing that the traditional conversion factor of 6.25 was not valid for cassava root proteins. Conversion factors (k p ) for 15 cassava varieties based on Kjeldahl nitrogen ranged from 2.49 to 3.67. Therefore an average k p value of 3.24 ± 0.31 may provide a better estimate of the protein content in cassava roots.


In this paper, we present a novel semi-autonomous shared control framework based on an admittance configured haptic interface for bilateral teleoperation of VTOL aerial robots. A haptics-aided path planner and a virtual fixture based dynamic kinesthetic boundary (VFDKB) are proposed to better assist pilots to navigate through complex environments and perceive obstacle and path boundary. By combining the autonomous path planner and VFDKB, the novel framework maximizes autonomy and maintains flexibility to allow pilots to freely fly the robot with minimal effort for navigation and obstacle avoidance. The RRT based path planner uses the human operator's force input to dynamically determine the target position and heuristically bias the sampling process for better efficiency in finding a collision-free path. Cost functions are used to assess the difference between goal positions and generated paths for determining the replanning process and distance-optimal path. A virtual fixture based dynamic kinesthetic boundary prioritizes the haptic cue of more critical information between obstacles and path guidance virtual fixture (GVF) for pilot to achieve safe navigation. The theoretical analysis provides proof for guaranteed obstacle avoidance performance of the novel approach. Simulation and experimental study on an aerial robotic platform were conducted, and the outcomes confirm our claims.


Objectives To examine the association between cigarette smoke exposure and depression among Korean adolescents using the seventh Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS). Design Cross-sectional study. Setting A nationally representative sample of middle and high school students across South Korea. Participants 75 643 eligible participants across the country. Primary outcome measures Current smoking, secondhand smoke exposure and depression. Methodology Data were analysed from a nationally representative survey of 75 643 participants (37 873 men and 37 770 women). Data were gathered on extensive information including current smoking, secondhand smoke exposure and depression in adolescence. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between current smoking, secondhand smoke exposure and depression in Korean adolescents. Results Among those who had never smoked, secondhand smoke exposure was positively associated with depression in male and female adolescents in a dose–response relation (OR 1.27, OR 1.52 in males; OR 1.25, OR 1.72 in females). Similar associations were observed among currently smoking men and women in a dose–response manner (OR 1.29, OR 1.55 in males; OR 1.22, OR 1.41 in females). These significant trends were consistently observed even after adjustments. Conclusions We suggested that current smoking and secondhand smoke exposure were positively associated with depression in male and female adolescents. Efforts to encourage no smoking and no secondhand smoke exposure will be established for adolescents.


A novel RF LDMOS structure is proposed and experimentally demonstrated with standard foundry CMOS technology. The device features both the RESURF structure and the inserted dielectric region and in the drift region. RF LDMOS with breakdown voltage of 15V and peak cutoff frequency of 18GHz is obtained. The proposed device also exhibits good reliability behavior under high voltage stressing. The new device is very promising for power amplifier circuits in full-integration RF CMOS front-end system. Introduction As a reliable, cost effective power transistor with good linearity, the RF LDMOS device is very attractive for integrated power amplifier circuits [1-2] in RF transceiver systems such as GSM, W-CDMA, W-LAN. Recently, some efforts have been made to fabricate LDMOS structures with CMOS compatible process, including both BiCMOS [3-5] and CMOS technology [6-10]. However, special modifications on standard process are needed to realize LDMOS structures, such as specified doping steps or extra hard masks. In this paper, a novel RF LDMOS structure is put forward and fabricated with standard 0.18μm CMOS technology. Due to the effective reduction of electric field near the drain side by both the inserted oxide layer in the drift region as a "electric field line absorber" and P region introduced as the RESURF [11] structure for n-LDMOS, the proposed RF LDMOS devices with baseline CMOS process are experimentally demonstrated with high breakdown voltage, as well as good reliability behavior and acceptable high frequency characteristics. Proposed Device Structure and Experiments One of the key challenges to fabricate LDMOS devices with CMOS technology is to reduce the peak electric field and improve the high drain voltage endurance. The traditional LDMOS structure, named as Normal LDMOS here, generally adopts the very low doping drift region to improve the breakdown voltage of the device, as shown in Fig.1(a). In our early work [12], another LDMOS, named as STI LDMOS, inserts an oxide layer in the drift region, which can be simultaneously formed by STI process, as shown in Fig.1(b). The inserted oxide can reduce the electric field near the drain region, and thus higher breakdown voltage can be achieved. To further enhance the breakdown voltage for higher output power requirement, a new LDMOS device is proposed, with both the RESURF structure and the dielectric region inserted in the drift region, which is very efficient to improve the device breakdown voltage without greatly increasing the on-resistance. The proposed device is named as REDI LDMOS, as shown in Fig.1(c). The LDMOS structures can be realized with the standard foundry CMOS technology without any modification to the process. The drift region can be formed with the N-well implant. The dielectric region in the drift region is introduced during STI process step. The P-doped region in the drift region can be formed by the source/drain implant of PMOS transistor. Thus, the LDMOS transistors can be fabricated with the standard CMOS technology simply by layout design, as shown in Fig.1. Results and Discussion The RF LDMOS devices were fabricated with SMIC 0.18μm CMOS technology. The subthreshold behaviors of different devices are shown in Fig.2, indicating similar threshold voltage and leakage in the three structures. Fig.3 gives the output characteristics of the RF LDMOS structures with the gate voltage Vgs varying from 0.5V to 2V in 0.5V step. The I-V curve at zero gate bias is shown in Fig.4, from which the breakdown voltage is extracted. It can be observed that the Normal LDMOS exhibits the lowest breakdown voltage due to the relatively high well doping. And the breakdown voltage reduces fast at high gate bias. In the STI LDMOS, the peak electric field near the drain side can be reduced by introducing the oxide layer in the drift region. The STI LDMOS structure shows slight increase of breakdown voltage in comparison with the Normal LDMOS structure. yet the electric field reduction is much slighter compared to the case of REDI LDMOS, as shown in Fig.5.In the REDI LDMOS with both STI and P-type region introduced in the drift region, the electric field at the drain side is greatly reduced, since the p-type region acts as the RESURF structure and STI region serves as the electric field line absorber, holding the most potential drop. Fig.6 shows the simulated electric field distribution of REDI LDMOS. Since high field region exists far from the surface channel, the impact of high drain voltage is relatively small, and breakdown voltage at the high gate bias will not degrade quickly. As a result, about 15V breakdown voltage is obtained in the REDI LDMOS structure, and no obvious increase of saturation current can be observed at high gate bias when Vds is lower than 14V. The cutoff frequency (ft) and maximum oscillation frequency (fmax) for different bias is illustrated in Fig.7 and Fig.8, respectively. Although the breakdown voltage of the REDI LDMOS is greatly increased, the high frequency performance is still acceptable. About 17GHz ft and 21GHz fmax (at 4V Vds) can be achieved in the REDI LDMOS, which indicates the potential of this structure for RF power amplifier application. Fig.9 shows the comparison of ft and breakdown voltage between this work and reported results. It can be seen that the realized device with standard foundry CMOS technology can have comparable characteristics with that of RF LDMOS devices fabricated with additionally-special process. The reliability behavior of the REDI LDMOS under high drain stress is also studied. The characteristics of the RF LDMOS devices will be degraded by hot hole injection from the impact ionization region during electric stressing [13]. Fig.10 shows the threshold voltage and saturation current degradation with the stress time. Fig.11 and Fig.12 show ft and fmax degradation after 10000s stress. It can be observed that high voltage stress exerts less influence on both DC and RF characteristics of the REDI LDMOS. The threshold voltage shifts by less than 10mV and saturation current degrades by less than 2% after 10000s stress. This is contributed to the unique impact ionization region in the REDI LDMOS structure. Unlike the Normal LDMOS, the impact ionization region of the REDI LDMOS is located in the deep drift region, as shown in Fig.13, which can have much less impact on the gate stack and surface channel. As a result, the performance degradation in the REDI LDMOS structure can be well controlled. Conclusion A novel LDMOS structure is proposed and fabricated with standard foundry CMOS process. The obtained results can be comparable with that of LDMOS devices realized with additional special process. This proposed device is very promising for RF power amplifier circuits design with the standard CMOS process for full-integration RF front-end system. Acknowledgement This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60625403 and 90707006), by 973 Projects (2006CB302701), and by the NCET Program. References [1]I. Yoshida, IEDM Tech. Dig., pp.51–54, 1997 [2]T.R Efland,et al, IEDM Tech. Dig. pp.679–682, 1998 [3]Z. Lee, et al, IEEE Proc. BCTM, pp. pp.1– 4, 2006 [4]K.E. Ehwald, et al, IEDM Tech. Dig., pp.895-898, 2001 [5]D. Muller, et al, IEEE T-ED, pp.861-867, 2007 [6]O.Bon,et al, Proc. IEEE ISPSD, pp.209–212, 2007 [7]N.R. Mohapatra, et al, Proc. IEEE ISPSD, pp.1-4, 2006 [8]A. Moscatelli, et al, Proc. IEEE ISPSD, pp.37–40, 2004. [9]S. Matsumoto,et al, Proc. IEEE ISPSD, pp. 245-248, 2004 [10]S. Matsumoto,et al,IEEE T-ED, pp.1448–1453, 2001 [11] J. A. Appels et al, IEDM Tech. Dig., pp. 238–241, 1979 [12] Tao Yan, et al., IEEE EDL,Vol.27, pp.856-858, 2006. [13]P. Moens, et al, IEEE T-DMR, Vol. 6, pp.349 357, 2006 Extended Abstracts of the 2008 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials, Tsukuba, 2008, -700B-5-4 pp. 700-701


become their better seeing eye. The growing literature on the management of HIV related retinal detachment provides other useful insights into the disease process and also the surgical use of silicone oil. Published series have varied in their reported incidence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. 5 6 8–11 There is, however, a consensus that epiretinal membrane formation does occur in these cases and a high incidence has been observed in some series. 9 This is notable in relation to the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy since T lymphocytes have been observed in the periretinal proliferation in this condition and it has been suggested that they may play a role in its progression. 20 It would appear, at least in the setting of an inflammatory viral retinitis, that despite profoundly abnormal T cell function (in particular CD4+ T cells, known to be involved in fibrogenesis and wound healing) there remains a fibrogenic stimulus suYcient to result in epiretinal membrane formation. The initial impression of a low incidence of cataract formation in HIV related retinal detachment eyes treated with silicone oil was attributed to the protective eVect of an intact anterior hyaloid face and the lack of multiple interventions. It is clear, however, from the current study by Irvine and colleagues and other recent series, 18 that with relatively longer survival of patients undergoing surgery progressive cataract formation does occur in many eyes and may be visually significant. The incidence of corneal opacification, raised intraocular pressure, hypotony, and oil emulsification appears to be low. Several issues remain unresolved in the management of AIDS patients with necrotising retinitis and retinal detachment. The role of laser photocoagulation at the time of surgery is still uncertain and the possible role of inferior retinectomy in eyes with significant epiretinal membrane formation may also justify investigation. Late cataract extraction and silicone oil removal must also be considered in a minority of patients. Advances in antiviral chemotherapy and the availability of drug delivery by intraocular depot systems provide hope of treating the late visual loss in AIDS patients with necrotising retinitis although the interaction of such treatments with intraocular silicone oil is as yet unknown.


Sparse tensors appear in many large-scale applications with multidimensional and sparse data. While multidimensional sparse data often need to be processed on manycore processors, attempts to develop highly-optimized GPU-based implementations of sparse tensor operations are rare. The irregular computation patterns and sparsity structures as well as the large memory footprints of sparse tensor operations make such implementations challenging. We leverage the fact that sparse tensor operations share similar computation patterns to propose a unified tensor representation called F-COO. Combined with GPU-specific optimizations, F-COO provides highly-optimized implementations of sparse tensor computations on GPUs. The performance of the proposed unified approach is demonstrated for tensor-based kernels such as the Sparse Matricized Tensor-Times-Khatri-Rao Product (SpMTTKRP) and the Sparse Tensor-Times-Matrix Multiply (SpTTM) and is used in tensor decomposition algorithms. Compared to state-of-the-art work we improve the performance of SpTTM and SpMTTKRP up to 3.7 and 30.6 times respectively on NVIDIA Titan-X GPUs. We implement a CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) decomposition and achieve up to 14.9 times speedup using the unified method over state-of-the-art libraries on NVIDIA Titan-X GPUs.


At the center of Dickens's portrayal of women in Great Expectations lies a stark and melodramatic image: women, lacking the capacity to love, become destructive to themselves and to men. Like predators, they must be held firmly, even violently in check. Orlick "tames" Mrs. Joe by smashing her skull with convict chains. Bentley Drummle, hints Mr. Jaggers, will beat Estella after marrying her. Estella's actual mother, the tigerish Molly, must be restrained by Jaggers's strong hand. Why is this violence directed at and manifested in women? No generalization can cover every case, but given Dickens's Victorian tendency to categorize women exclusively as virgins or mothers, angels or whores, one answer might be systematic and widespread repression, accompa? nied by violence and by the Oedipal fantasy of denying the mother's sexuality so as to possess her exclusively and innocently.l The novel's typology of pure and impure women?Biddy and Clara contrasting Molly, Miss Havisham, Mrs. Joe, and Estella?lends support to the view that repressed sexual desire underlies the violence.


This paper discusses about the preparation procedure,the operation points and the formula of Poria cocos jelly.This research provides trial basis for the production of Poria cocos jelly in the future.


Inspired by passivity-based control (PBC) techniques, we propose a data-driven approach in order to learn a neural net parameterized storage function of underactuated mechanical systems. First, the PBC problem is cast as an optimization problem that searches for point estimates of the neural net parameters. Then, we improve the robustness properties of this deterministic framework against system parameter uncertainties and measurement error by injecting techniques from Bayesian inference. In the Bayesian framework, the neural net parameters are samples drawn from a posterior distribution learned via Variational Inference. We demonstrate the performance of the deterministic and Bayesian trainings on the swing-up task of an inertia wheel pendulum in simulation and real-world experiments.


In the last decade, the issue of climate change phenomenon has been a
serious debate for the people around the world. The impact of the climate change
symptom can be felt or experience directly by a societal group in coastal area.
Belawan Bahari fishermen in Medan Belawan district, Medan city, North
Sumatera province is one of the fishermen community who allegedly suffered the
effects of the climate change phenomenon. �Belawan� marine waters which had
been forded by them for the sake of their lives, declared as one of the affected
areas which impacted by the climate change. The problems being experienced by
�Belawan Bahari� fishermen related with the climate change phenomenon was
revealed in this study by tracing: 1) their knowledge in understanding and
predicting the circumstances of the environment (over the sea)


The control system of brushless direct current motor based on DSP (digital signal processor) is proposed in the paper. The relevant hardware is given. A design scheme of software is showed. The experiment result shows that the hardware based on TMS320LF2407A can meet the requirement of a real time control system. It is very convenient to use in any advanced control strategy. The design is simple, reliable and easy to be applied.


Wherein along said sawing line layout of a semiconductor chip on a package substrate having a sawing line, and form a sealing material covering the semiconductor chip on the package substrate, and curing the primary to the sealing material to form a package assembly, and forming a second groove that is to cut the sealing material forming the first grooves (grooves), and curing the second to the sealing material, and, and the overlap with the first groove by cutting the package substrate along said sawing line the method for manufacturing a semiconductor package that includes the separation of the package assembly into unit semiconductor packages will be described.


much attention for its high electron density of 10 27 -10 18 m -3 at a gas pressure range of 1×10 -4 - 5×10 -3 torr. Enhancement of ionization can be obtained by ECR plasma. The function of ECR is to increase the path of electrons in the plasma by applying a magnetic field normal to the electron trajectory. Resonance is achieved when the frequency at which microwave energy is fed to an electron circulating in a magnetic field is equal to the characteristic frequency at which the electron circulates [4]. In the present work, we investigate the electrical and optical properties of ZnSnOx films prepared by ECRMOCVD. Also, characteristics of chemical binding to very important are studied at ZnSnOx film due to give influence of hall mobility and electrical resistivity.


Bondpads were protected from RIE attack by means of a hard mask made in stainless steel visible in Figure S1. Realized mask has four slots for processing four chip in the same RIE session. When a naked chip is covered by the mask (the mask is placed in contact), the bondpads area are covered, thus only the central part of the chip, affected by the RIE attack, is removed from the passivation layer.


ABSTRACT This paper draws on critical theories of organisations to question why child sexual abuse is a frequent correlate of male authority in institutional settings. While acknowledging the role of other risk factors, the paper suggests that the contemporary bureaucratic form is itself conducive to child sexual abuse. This argument is developed through an analysis of Case Study 42 of the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse, centred on allegations of sexual abuse by the clergy and laity in the Anglican Diocese of Newcastle. The extensive allegations of abuse in the diocese illustrate how rationalised structures of governance and oversight can facilitate rather than inhibit child sexual abuse. The analysis advanced by the paper contests the assumption that institutional abuse represents the deformation or paedophilic "infiltration" of otherwise neutral organisational arrangements. Instead, the paper emphasises how rationalised institutional structures can mystify relations of domination and promulgate a milieu in which children are viewed instrumentally as the means for the fulfilment of personal drives.


The main objective of this study is to provide strategies for improving the value of building brands. The study in term of purpose is applied; in term of method of data collection is descriptive. Strategies through content analysis of interviews with contractors, building managers and experts rated the vice president of strategy and technique, using the Shannon entropy and also using the student t-test of the appropriate or inappropriate and the Friedman rank test each of them is tested. The results of the analysis of questionnaire data suggests that all of the strategies to promote brand value in good standing and highest on measures of perceived quality and loyalty strategies has the lowest rank.


The invention provides a high-tension steel for welding heat affected part with excellent low-temperature flexibility, the low-temperature flexibility of HAZ is excellent even executes high energy input welding, and flexibility of parent metal, fatigue cracking progress impedance, brittle fracture rejection characteristic or brittle fracture stopping characteristic are excellent too. The steel inthe invention satisfies the specified chemical composition and the following formula: (B-NT/1.3) is more than or equal to -20 but less than or equal to 10, {in the formula, B represents B content (mass ppm), and NT represents that when the relationship between N (N content, unit: mass ppm) and Ti (Ti content, unit: mass ppm) is (N-Ti/3.4) more than or equal to 0, NT=(N-Ti/3.4), when (N-Ti/3.4) isless than 0, NT=0}.


In this study, wool fibre samples were mordanted by means of 25% alum mordant solution. The mordanted wool samples were dyed in 50% Reseda luteola L. (weld), 20% Rhamnus petiolaris Boiss (buckthorn) and 50% Datisca cannabina L. (bastard hemp) dyebaths. A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection method was utilised for the identification of dyes in the dyed wool samples and the plant extracts. The extraction of dyes was carried out with a hydrogen chloride ⁄methanol ⁄water (2:1:1; v ⁄v ⁄v) mixture.


In this lecture we shall see the LFKN 6] protocol for verifying co-NP statements. The algebraic techniques used by 6] play a central role in the proof of the PCP theorem. The setting for LFKN's protocol is somewhat diierent from that of the PCP theorem. This is the setting of interactive proofs that predated the notion of PCP's, and were viewed as more natural and useful at the time (partly due to the notion of zero knowledge, which is beyond the scope of this course). 1.1 Interactive proofs In an interactive proof a computationally unlimited prover P needs to convince a random polynomial time veriier V that a common input x is in some language L. The setting is similar to a PCP, except that P is adaptive, and at every point in the protocol may base his next message on the complete history of the protocol, rather than only on the last message sent by V. Likewise, V too is adaptive. Interactive proofs were introduced independently in 4, 3] (there are some diierences between the deenitions of these two papers), and play an important role in cryptography (beyond the scope of this course). Deenition 1 An interactive proof for a language L is a two player protocol involving a computationally unlimited prover P and a random polynomial time veriier V. Both share a common input x, and can exchange messages of polynomial length. The protocol needs to satisfy two properties: Completeness. If x 2 L, then the prover has a strategy (a function from the history of messages so far to the next message that the prover sends) that causes the veriier to accept. Soundness. If x 6 2 L, then regardless of the prover's strategy, the veri-er accepts with probability at most 1/2 (probability taken over the coin tosses of V). We shall describe the LFKN interactive proof for every language in co-NP. The original version of the protocol involved special properties of the permanent function (see 10] regarding the deenition and the complexity of 1


1Biophysics Department, Institute of Biomedical Research in Light and Image (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal 2School of Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal 3 Nuclear Medicine Course, High Institute of Allied Health Technologies of Porto's Polytechnic Institute, Porto, Portugal 4Research Centre for Environment, Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal 5Radiochemistry Department, NECSA, Pretoria, South Africa 6Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pretoria, South Africa


To study seasonal variation in air pollution and its associations with hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in Novodvinsk. Methods: Average monthly counts for hospital admission for respiratory diseases as well as average monthly concentrations of air pollutants for the period 2001-2008 were analyzed. Associations between daily concentrations of each of the five pollutants and daily counts of hospital admissions were assessed using time series analysis. Autoregressive Poisson models with corrections for overdispersion, long-term, seasonal and weekly variations were applied and 95 % confidence intervals for all coefficients were calculated. Results: The level of hospital admission for respiratory diseases from September to December, in January and April was higher than average annual level by 115-118 %, while in February and March it was only 40 % and 27 % of the average for 8 years, respectively. Concentrations of particulate matters, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and hydrogen sulfide were higher during warm season. Daily concentrations of SO2 and NO2 were positively associated with daily counts of hospital admission for respiratory diseases while inverse association was observed for CO.


This research is part of the research project 'Reconciling
diversity', directed by Dr T. van Wyk, Faculty of Theology
and Religion, University of Pretoria. It is a revision of
a paper titled 'A "not-so-brief" word about gender:
A response to Klaus Nurnberger's choice of God-language',
presented during the Klaus Nurnberber Symposium in
January 2018 at the Faculty of Theology and Religion,
University of Pretoria.


Emotions play an important role in people's life. Understanding and recognising is not only important for interpersonal communication, but also has promising applications in Human-Computer Interaction, automobile safety and medical research. This project focuses on extending the emotion recognition database, and training the CNN + RNN emotion recognition neural networks with emotion category representation and valence \& arousal representation. The combined models are constructed by training the two representations simultaneously. The comparison and analysis between the three types of model are discussed. The inner-relationship between two emotion representations and the interpretability of the neural networks are investigated. The findings suggest that categorical emotion recognition performance can benefit from training with a combined model. And the mapping of emotion category and valence \& arousal values can explain this phenomenon.


Research into the capital structure of firms has been the subject of extensive empirical investigation but further progress may be constrained by the conventional paradigm underlying most of this work. This paper seeks to extend the debate by examining the endogenous influence of corporate strategy on financing decisions made by firms. While the theoretical specification of the possible relationship has to be developed further, various models were constructed and company data from Australia, an economy with some notoriety for fairly loose corporate debt management, was used to examine various hypothesized relationships. Our analysis suggests that corporate strategy influences capital structure, particularly for the most diversified firms, and that the emerging relationship is complex. Profit, cash flow, the rate of growth and the level of earnings risk are important additional internal influences on capital structure. The results are reasonably robust and indicate that this focus of enquiry has considerable potential for further resolution of the capital structure puzzle, as well as contributing to the debate on the impact of institutional shareholders on the corporate strategy of the firms in which they invest.


In order to improve the measurement accuracy of current transformer(CT),the magnetic material with high permeability and core with large cross-sectional area are usually used to minimize the exciter current.However,the practice will increase CT manufacturing cost.In the paper,a digital compensation algorithm to improve the CT measurement accuracy is proposed.And the exciter current can be calculated and compensated according to the secondary measured current value and the magnetization characteristic of iron core.The effective of the algorithm is verified through simulation and experiment results.


Solidified samples of fuel oil combustion bottom ash with two sets of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and Pozzolan added OPC were investigated with three sets of chemical leaching tests. Toxicity characteristic leaching test (TCLP) results classified waste material and its solidification products as hazardous. Although Ni and Cr have over-leached, but their close examination with Sequential Chemical Extraction (SCE) test revealed new insights as follows. Nickel fixation in cement matrix has shifted over 20% of leachable Ni from first 4 fractions of SCE test to residual fraction with less likelihood of leaching. Chromium fixation in matrix has made shifts on leachable fractions that are not generally in favor of a successful fixation in matrix. In the case of Cd leaching, the only obvious finding from SCE test is that solidification processes have made a slight shift between fractions in bound to Iron and Manganese oxide and fraction in bound to carbonates. Compared to TCLP results for different mixtures, it can be concluded that Cd fixation has been done properly and significant change in leaching probability was not caused by solidification processes. Results of "Alkalinity, Solubility and Release as a function of pH" test indicate over regulation in the case of Pb and Cr leaching in different pHs. Results indicate need for more delicate interpretation of TCLP test results when several management scenarios are available and practical.


I. Con sti tu tional con trol is im pos si ble with out in ter pre ta tion of the con sti tu tion. That's way it's im por tant to an a lyze con sti tu tional court point of view to the con sti tu tion. This ar ti cle an a lyzes ac tiv ity of the Con sti tu tional Court of the Re pub lic of Lith u a nia in ter pret ing the Con sti tu tion of the Re pub lic of Lith u a nia. Lith u a nia is one of Mid dle East Eu ro pean coun tries that by the end of XX cen tury freed from com mu nism and in 2004 be came the mem ber of the Eu ro pean Un ion. In my opin ion, for eign read ers should be in ter ested even in small coun tries con sti tu tional ex pe ri ence. The Con sti tu tional Court must in ter pret both the dis puted act and the Con sti tu tion, which for the laws is the stan dard to be fol lowed. The aim of our re search here is to ana lyse prob lems of in ter pre ta tions of the Con sti tu tion and laws. Of ten the re search ers in the field of law in ter pre ta tion try to an swer the same ques tions. How to elu ci date the con tent of an act? Which method to ap ply? What is pe cu liar about in ter pre ta tions of these laws? Is it pos si ble to speak about the strat egy of the in ter pre ta tion of the Con sti tu tion? As a rule one sticks to this type of or der when it co mes to is sues of in ter pre ta tion: firstly, the spe cial fea tures of the Con sti tu tion as an ob ject of in ter pre ta tion are dis cussed, then one takes up the meth ods of in ter pre ta tion of the con sti tu tion and ul ti mately the is sues of lim its for the in ter pre ta tion are tack led. How ever, we will not fol low this pat tern. In a nut shell, we are in ter ested in only one is sue: Does one type of rules ap ply in the in ter pre ta tion of both


Motivated by the set-antiset method for codes over permutations under the infinity norm, we study anticodes under this metric. For half of the parameter range we classify all the optimal anticodes, which is equivalent to finding the maximum permanent of certain (0, 1)-matrices. For the rest of the cases we show constraints on the structure of optimal anticodes.


Rational planning of thermal power capacity is one of the main measures to reduce emissions. According to air pollution control plan, different environmental capacity regions provide different constraints to the scale of thermal power plants. With the development of electric market, unified relationship among thermal power plants has been changed to gambling one. To solve the above new problems emerged in the area of thermal power capacity planning, this paper pre- sents a game model for thermal power capacity planning considering the constraint of environmental capacity. In this game-theory-based model, the thermal environmental adaptability factor, that reflecting the adaptability of environmental capacity to thermal power in different regions, is brought into the traditional profit function. Consequently, proper thermal power planning capacity adapting to environmental capacity could be obtained to provide support and basis for govern- ment regulation and enterprise decision. The effectiveness of the proposed model is validated by a series test results of different scale power planning examples. based on its own actions and its competitors. The traditional thermal power planning model taking all power plants as a whole to optimize is no longer valid today, while game theo- ry provides a method to solve the above problems (10, 11). The game model of thermal power planning can reflect in- fluence and restriction among all the thermal power plants. To solve the above problems, this paper starts with estab- lishment of a game model of thermal power plants without environmental constraint, indicating an inevitable trend of excessive expansion of the scale of thermal power plant planning capacity. Then according to the Nash equilibrium solution of the model, environmental adaptability scale fac- tor for thermal power plant is proposed to prevent excessive expansion. Finally a game model for thermal power plants considering constraint of environmental capacity is set up to ensure the adaptability between thermal power planning ca- pacity and restriction of environment. Test results of differ- ent scale power planning examples show the effectiveness of this new proposed model.


Master thesis in the programme Film & Media Producing. The summary of the process of making the short film "Paranoia"


Histology-based validation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is dependent on spatial alignment of MRI and histology data obtained by very different physical techniques that usually generate very different types of image contrast. Most commonly, landmarks and/or mutual information (MI) techniques are employed for image coregistration. Landmark methods are limited by changed appearance or saliency of features manually selected in corresponding images. MI methods assume that pixel intensity distributions follow consistent relationships, however this assumption is often violated when differences exist in image texture and appearance. We propose a new approach based on local structure orientation (LSO). LSO-registration uses a tissue microstructure feature, fibre orientation, that can be measured by both histology and MRI, providing a dense feature field for an objective coregistration process. This structure feature, in-plane fibre orientation angle, can be generated from a histological image using a structure tensor analysis algorithm, and from 3D or 2D diffusion tensor MRI (DTI). We present a preliminary validation of LSO-registration based on digital and physical tissue structure phantoms that simulate fibre orientation in a human prostate. Using Elastix and Transformix we compare the performance of mutual information (MI), advanced mean squares (AMS), and a modified AMS method (AMSR) that corrects for angular redundancies. Registration accuracy was assessed quantitatively based on correction of deformed grid points and fiducial markers. Residual errors after registration using the physical tissue phantom with fiducial markers were: MI (3.4 ± 0.80), AMS (12.2 ± 5.7) and AMSR (2.1 ± 0.5).


A coupling vibration model of vehicle-track-subgrade system was established,track irregularities and the contact filters in wheel-rail contact areas were considered,and wheel-rail vertical random forces were simulated.A 3D entity finite element model of wheel system was established,three contact positions were considered,including the nominal contact point,rim and lateral of wheel,and the vibration characters of wheel system in high-frequency domains due to vertical random forces were analyzed.Analysis result shows that the vibration acceleration responses of wheel rim,radial plate and wheel hub are 870,493 and 457 m·s-2 respectively when train runs on ballast track at 200 km·h-1,the response of rim is highest,and the response of wheel hub is lowest.When the nominal contact point,rim point and outer of wheel were excited respectively,the vibration acceleration responses of radial plate are 563,492 and 301 m·s-2 respectively,the vibration response of radial plate due to the excitation on the nominal contact point of wheel is highest.The high-amplitude vibration spectrum of each part of wheel distributes in 1 000-3 000 Hz,and the frequencies of the maximum vibration acceleration on wheel are about 1 400 Hz,the vibration responses in higher-frequency domains are not prominent due to the strong role of wave number filter.


Objective To summarize the clinical experience of right atrial shunt in aortic root operation,and to assess its security and effectiveness.MethodsA chamber around the aortic graft was created by suturing residual aortic piece or a patch of autologous pericardium for 26 patients underwent aortic root operation from January 2007 to December 2011,and then the chamber was communicated with the right atrium to drain capillary hemorrhage from the root stoma.ResultsThe operation time was mean(248±56) minutes,the cardiopulmonary bypass time was mean(126±36) minutes,and the aortic cross clamp time was mean (78±16) minutes.The postoperative pericardial and mediastinal drainage volume was mean(354±179) milliliters at the first day,and the total postoperative drainage volume was mean(635±232) milliliters.The blood transfusion volume was mean(1150 ±455) milliliters.The postoperative hospital stay was mean(11.8±4.6) days.No re-thoracotomy for bleeding happened,and only 3 patients died.No blood flow from aortic root to right atrium was detected by color Doppler echocardiography examination,and thrombosis was found in the shunt passage by aortic computed tomography angiography examination before discharge.Conclusion Right atrial shunt is simple and safe.It can reduce bleeding and complications associated with bleeding effectively,and improve the clinic effect markedly in aortic root operation.It should be extended in clinic.


Objective To analyze the influence of mifepristone(RU486) on the gonadotropin secretion level in rhesus monkey,and discuss its possible mechanism of action to provide theoritical basis for the clinical safety.Methods The gonadotropin level in the rhesus monkey under various conditions was measured and the changes of gonadotropin secretion were analyzed.Results At different time(0,0.5,1,2,4,8,12,24,48 h) after RU486 administration,the LH and FSH secretion level in the rhesus monkey showed apparent changes.At 0.5,1,2 and 4 h after giving RU486,the LH and FSH secretions were inhibited,especially,significantly inhibited at 4 h after the drug administration,but no significant differences were observed at 8,12, 24,48 h after RU486 administration.After the RU486 administration at various phases of the menstrual cycle,it was shown that the LH and FSH secretion levels were less changed if the drug was given at follicular phase,a delay of their peaks was shown if the drug was used at ovulation phase,and the FSH and LH secretion baseline and their amplitude were decreased if the drug was given at luteal phase.Conclusion Under different conditions,mifepristone(RU486) has remarkable inhibitory effect on the gonadotropin secretion which induce LH and FSH variation in rhesus monkey.


The packaging is one of the industrial tasks in beverage an industry which is repetitive and monotonous with the same position throughout the day. In order to complete the packaging process, the workers do the tasks in sitting position during one work shift. Sitting position at work is commonly applied in both service and manufacturing industry. This position is mostly applied because it is considered to make a worker feel comfortable in finishing the task. Being supported by a comfortable physical work environment, a worker may sit in long hours during the workday. The aim of the study was to determine the level of productivity of the task done in the prolonged sitting position and affected by the work environment and level of fatigue. With software of SPPS 22 using analysis  double correlation test, it was obtained that the value of Sig. F Change 0.027. The software analysis showed that the physical work environment and fatigue influenced packaging productivity significantly. R (the value of Pearson Correlation) obtained was 0.742 which means that there is a strong correlation between free variable (X) and bound variable (Y) . R (the value of Pearson Correlation) obtained was 0.742 which means that there is strong correlation between free variable (X) and bound variable (Y).


T images are often associated with Iran in the popular Western media. The first is that of a repressed and stagnant society, a theocracy that rules according to anachronistic laws, and the second is that of a society characterized by what seems to be an almost unending power struggle between the so-called reformers and hard-liners. Afshin Molavi's book Persian Pilgrimages: Journeys Across Iran is a thoughtful account illustrating that there is much more to Iran than these cliched portrayals. His book is an attempt to go beyond the headlines and the politics of the moment in order to capture the culture and mood of a nation in all its complexity, a task that he accomplishes successfully. An Iranian-born journalist, Molavi is in part inspired by Terence O'Donnell, an American writer who lived in Iran for some fourteen years in the 1950s and 1960s, who observed that the shrines that Iranians venerate are more often dedicated to saints and poets than to soldiers and politicians. Motivated also by his own impression that there was "more to the Iranian universe than the reformist-conservative power struggle,"1 Molavi decided to leave "a settled position with an international news agency" to travel across Iran, to find the "culture trail," and to write a book about "Iran and Iranians." In a sense, therefore, this book is more than a simple journalistic venture; it is also a journey of discovery for its author, who, far from being a detached observer, wants to make sense of the multi-layered richness of Iranian culture with all its seeming contradictions. In fact, a prevalent theme that is underlined in much of the book is that of the multiple identities—in particular the Islamic and Iranian identities—that have developed side by side throughout Ira-


Sandalwood oil, antioxidants, and cream formulations containing phosphate buffer, are provided herein. Methods of making and using the formulations are also provided. Sandalwood oil, antioxidants, and by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of cream formulations containing phosphate buffer, a method of treating a skin disorder in a subject are further provided herein, the subject either have a skin disorder, it is at risk of developing skin disorders. In one embodiment, the antioxidant is, t- butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), is selected from the group consisting of Rosamox, and Botanessentials RSST.


To the Editor: A 57-year-old man with a diagnosis of advanced, inoperable pancreatic cancer received palliative treatment consisting of gemcitabine (1000 mg per square meter of body-surface area given intravenously on days 1, 8, and 15) with antagonists to 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptors used as antiemetic prophylaxis. During the second infusion, the patient reported severe anal pruritus. The itching subsided 10 minutes after the infusion was stopped but promptly recurred after the reinstitution of treatment. When questioned, the patient said that he had also experienced itching during the first infusion, which he was embarrassed to tell anyone about in the presence . . .


The deterministic and random vibrations of a marine riser are analyzed by the finite element method. The effect of varying tension force along the riser on the stiffness is evaluated by numerical integration and the vessel surge motion is also considered in calculation of the response of the riser. Non-consistent mass matrix formulation is presented to improve the accuracy in the calculation of natural frequencies with linear regression being used to linearize non-linear fluid drag force. A dynamic response analysis is performed in the frequency domain for regular waves and random sea, and the results are presented in application examples.


Despite of success achieved in treatment of diabetics with insulin, stable glycaemic control and decrease of risk of complications remain a big problem. An active development of non injection forms of insulin is performed. Its introduction in clinical practice may significantly improve patients quality of life and increase their adherence to treatment prescribed.


Sea fog recognition is a challenging and significant semantic segmentation task in remote sensing images. The fully supervised learning method relies on the pixel-level label, which is labor-intensive and time-consuming. Moreover, it is impossible to accurately annotate all pixels of the sea fog region due to the limited ability of the human eye to distinguish between low clouds and sea fog. In this paper, we propose a novel approach of point-based annotation for weakly supervised semantic segmentation with the auxiliary information of International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) visibility data. It only needs several definite points for both foreground and background, which significantly reduces the annotation cost of manpower. We conduct extensive experiments on Himawari-8 satellite remote sensing images to demonstrate the effectiveness of our annotation method. The mean intersection over union (mIoU) and overall recognition accuracy of our annotation method reach 82.72% and 95.18 %, respectively. Compared with the fully supervised learning method, the accuracy and the recognition rate of sea fog area are improved with a maximum increase of 7.69% and 9.69 %, respectively.


The skin and its major appendages are prominent target organs and potent sources of key players along the classical hypothalamic‐pituitary axis, such as corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and α melanocyte stimulating hormone (α‐MSH), and even express key steroidogenic enzymes. Therefore, it may have established local stress response systems that resemble the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis. However, functional evidence that this is indeed the case in normal human skin in situ has still been missing. We show that microdissected, organ‐cultured human scalp hair follicles respond to CRH stimulation by up‐regulating proopiomelanocortin (POMC) transcription and immunoreactivity (IR) for ACTH and α‐MSH, which must have been processed from POMC. CRH, α‐MSH, and ACTH also modulate expression of their cognate receptors (CRH‐R1, MC1‐R, MC2‐R). In addition, the strongest stimulus for adrenal cortisol production, ACTH, also up‐regulates cortisol‐IR in the hair follicles. Isolated human hair follicles secrete substantial levels of cortisol into the culture medium, and this activity is further up‐regulated by CRH. CRH also modulates important functional hair growth parameters in vitro (hair shaft elongation, catagen induction, hair keratinocyte proliferation, melanin production). Finally, human hair follicles display HPA axis‐like regulatory feedback systems, since the glucocorticoid receptor agonist hydrocortisone down‐regulates follicular CRH expression. Thus, even in the absence of endocrine, neural, or vascular systemic connections, normal human scalp hair follicles directly respond to CRH stimulation in a strikingly similar manner to what is seen in the classical HPA axis, including synthesis and secretion of cortisol and activation of prototypic neuroendocrine feedback loops.


This report is in four parts. Each deals with some aspect of the impacts of the Dallas/Forth Worth Regional Airport on land use or travel behavior. At the same time, each part investigates the impacts of the airport as a case study of a more general and currently important problem. Thus, section one deals with showing how a common multivariate technique, factor analysis, can be used to isolate dimensions of land use change following a major transportation investment. Part two presents a model of political decision making in a region particularly affected by transportation change. Part three uses data from Dallas and Fort Worth to study the perception of time during travel; time perception of time from origin to destination influences whether a journey is made or not, and the route taken. Time condition is thus a major influence on traffic flows in cities; therefore, the general modeling and policy implications of time cognition are studied. Finally, travel behavior using existing and new land use facilities is examined. A technique (conjoint measurement) is used to identify how travelers perceive and use different destinations for a given trip purpose. Because this is a new application of the technique, the last part of the report focuses on problems of its application and their resolution. /Author/


Some defects cccur in rutile during the partial reduction of TiO/sub 2/ or during the intreduction of certain admixtures. The electron energy schemes in the defect region are plotted considering the polarization of the media. The electron states described give rise to relaxation processes with time t = 10/sup - 3/ to 10/sup -4/ sec at room temperature. (R.V.J.)


The mobile applications are one of the most important utilities of modern communication world. Currently this technology is getting compact to provide compatibility and accessibility to the users with a better option of handling. This research is based on the mobile and m-commerce technology, a fastest growing technology of today. The m-commerce technology provides various services like Mobile ticketing, Mobile banking, Mobile location based services, Mobile auctions, Mobile purchasing and so on. This represents an incredible chance to enable mobile devices as universal device for mobile commerce applications. We have explored an important application view of mobile technology i.e. intelligent multi-agent system with an example application of hotel reservation through mobile phones that will not only enable the mobile phone users to access the services through internet but also provide ultimate mobility without any hassle of communication. We also explained the structure of the system with the incorporation of mobile software agent technologies. Keywords - Software Agents, Mobile Computing, Communication Systems, m-Commerce Technology, Intelligent Systems.


OLERIDGE summed up two centuries of criticism and anticipated over a century more when he said of Troilus and Cressida, "Indeed, there is no one of Shakespeare's plays harder to characterize".2 Opinions differed at its first appearance. The title-page of the i609 Quarto calls it a "History", the Address to the Reader, added in the second state, refers to it as a Comedy, and the First Folio describes it as the "Tragedy" of Troilus and Cressida. No real weight can be given to these ascriptions as critical terms, for the inchoate state of criticism in the first years of the seventeenth century did not admit of any precision in such labels, and terms like "Comedy" and "Tragedy" cannot bear their modern interpretations. During the past fifty years critics have tended to see the play as a peculiar kind of Comedy, and to consider it in company with All's Well that Ends Well and Measure for Measure as forming a group which has been variously described as "the dark comedies", "the problem comedies", or "the problem plays". But the attempt by Dowden, Lawrence, Tillyard and others to confine these plays in some way within the pale of comedy has resulted in an increasing uneasiness, a sense that the plays differ from each other perhaps more than from others of Shakespeare's plays, a feeling that in some way they have been forcibly and unequally yoked together. It has proved, in fact, impossible to find, or even invent, a term which can adequately define and cover three plays so different in subject and so diverse in effect. What applies to one is usually less true of the others, and any consideration of one of them as a unit in itself is bedeviled by the ineptitude of critical terms which more properly apply to the others. The real reason for considering Troilus and Cressida as a Comedy at all seems to be its failure to qualify as a recognizable tragedy. Its effect in the theater can hardly be said to be comic in the usual sense of the word, yet it does not conform to the pattern laid down by Aristotle as the basis of tragic form. Few modern critics have pondered the possibility that Shakespearian tragedy should not, and cannot, be judged solely by the Aristotelian canons, and the habit of mind which persists in erecting the idea of tragic form around vague interpretations of d!aetta and VpQLS is responsible for the rejection of