A detailed study on the influence of various factors on isotopic composition of boron determined as sodium metaborate ion was undertaken. The effect of mannitol and different amounts of sodium on the atom ratio of boron was studied. Sodium was added in the usual form of carbonate, and also as sodium chloride which was successfully used in the presence of mannitol. Boron isotopic standard NBS-951 was used in these studies.


Theoretical studies of the combustion process in the stratified combustion system created by the gas fuel injection are presented The combustion system consists of the main chamber and the prechamber which serves as an ignition chamber. Because of the preliminary character of the studies they were performed in the combustion bomb. The modified KIVA3V three-dimensional computer code was used but fur the practical reason only two dimensions were used. The temperature, fuel concentration and velocity distribution allowed for the determination of the system controlling parameters. Also the concentration of selected chemical species and their spacial distribution gives an insight in the mechanism of the phenomenainvolved. It has been concluded that there is a chance that the proposed combustion system equipped with the ignition chamber can be able to solve the ignition problems which occur when the gas fuel is suppliedin the form of the direct injection.


Diseases are a major source of yield loss and stand decline in alfalfa in the Midwest. Surveys were conducted to determine the distribution of root rot and seed rot pathogens in Minnesota. A total of 44 soil samples were surveyed in 2013-2014 for the presence of Aphanomyces root rot (ARR). In 72% of soils there was a high risk of ARR. In these soils, race 2 of the pathogen was the most common race. In 16% of the soil samples, there was low survival of the race 1+2 resistant check cultivar indicating that there are ARR pathotypes in those soils that can overcome the resistance in current cultivars. In 7% of the soil samples, damping off organisms were present at very high population densities, preventing identification of ARR races. In 21% of the soil samples, there was a low risk of ARR. A novel seed treatment (zeolite mineral) was tested in four field trials for control of soil borne seedling diseases. There were no significant differences in final stand density or forage yield among the seed treatments. This result demonstrated that the source of the zeolite material is critical to pathogen control. In vitro tests with a Stamina fungicide seed treatment found that some Pythium strains are resistant to the fungicide. The Stamina seed treatment was effective in protecting plants from ARR. A highly effective zeolite seed treatment was found to lyze zoospores of Aphanomyces euteiches, the causal agent of ARR, indicating that control of the pathogen occurs prior to pathogen germination.


This research was aimed at describing mathematic anxiety and analytical
thinking skill of student at SMA N 5 Purwokerto on probability material. This was
qualitative descriptive research. The technique
o
f data analysis was the one from
Miles & Huberman that involved data reduction, data display and verification.
The subject of this research was grade X IPS
-
3 student at SMA N 5 Purwokerto.
The data were collected through test, questionnaire, structured int
erview, and
documentation. The result
s
of this research
were: 1)
the high
-
achievement student
felt anxious when appointed by the teacher to come in front of the class and to do
a lot of assignments. The student were able to elaborate the problem and
unders
tand simple and complex correlation; 2) medium
-
achievement student felt
anxious since the beginning of mathematic learning process, when appointed by
the teacher, and when asking questions. The students were able to elaborate the
problem and understand sim
ple correlation; 3) low
-
achievement student felt
anxious during the mathematic learning process. The student were able to
elaborate the problem but not capable of giving the reason of every correct
answer.


A thermal power plant coordination system robustness controller standardization design method is provided; a unit generating set load coordination system is a multivariable control system with interaction and nondeterminacy; a robustness controller standard H infinite design target is as follows: designing a calmness controller K (s), so a formula(see manual book) is complied with, and an optimal H infinite design target complies with a formula (see attachment); through selecting a weight function, the robustness controller optimal design can minimize an error and controlled variable of a looped system, and a transfer function H infinite norm between a system input and an output, thus reducing nondeterminacy influence of the system. An engineer needs not to design 3 weight functions Wi (i=1, 2, 3) in the method, only a controlled target nominal model G(s) needs to be determined, and the method will automatically generate the 3 weight functions, and thus giving a robustness controller (H infinite and [mu] integration) structure and parameters. The thermal power plant coordination system robustness controller standardization design method is same with a normal PID design method, so robustness controller application in a process control system can be promoted, thus providing practical values.


What sort of football follower, after all, would rather see results achieved on the balance sheet than the pitch? Who in their right mind would prefer an accumulation of partners to league points?P...


After the failed attempt to blow up the Northwest Airlines flight 253 departed from Amsterdam on Christmas Eve, 2009, one question arose time after time: How the alleged bomber managed to board the plane? An extraordinary simple and straight answer replies that the suspect was actually included in one of the several currently existing terrorism databases, but not particularly in the so-called American "No-fly list". Indeed, several records are simultaneously kept by the American Government, and although sometimes their contents overlap, sometimes they do not. To achieve a clear outlook of what these lists are and how they work, those databases - along with the one currently in effect in Canada - are revised in this paper.


Discuss the impact mechanism of different exercise load on the expression of hippocampal neurons nNOS in rats. Divided 40 Wistar male rats randomly into control group of no exercise intervention and experimental groups in which the rats were applied small, medium and large intensity exercise load respectively by swimming 15, 30 and 60 minutes everyday. After experiment for 8 weeks, the expression level of hippocampal neural n-NOS were inspected by S-P Immunohistochemical Assay (IHCA). Comparing with the control group, the positive expressions of hippocampal neurons nNOS in rats of both medium and large load group are very prominent (p < 0.01); comparing with the small load group, both medium and large load group show significant difference (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01); the comparison between the medium and large load group also shows very significant difference (p < 0.01). The expression of brain hippocampal neurons nNOS is significantly improved with the increase of exercise load.


The blooming availability of traces for social, biological, and communication networks opens up unprecedented opportunities in analyzing diffusion processes in networks. However, the sheer sizes of the nowadays networks raise serious challenges in computational efficiency and scalability. In this paper, we propose a new hyper-graph sketching framework for influence dynamics in networks. The core of our sketching framework, called SKIS, is an efficient importance sampling algorithm that returns only non-singular reverse cascades in the network. Comparing to previously developed sketches like RIS and SKIM, our sketch significantly enhances estimation quality while substantially reducing processing time and memory-footprint. Further, we present general strategies of using SKIS to enhance existing algorithms for influence estimation and influence maximization which are motivated by practical applications like viral marketing. Using SKIS, wedesign high-quality influence oracles for seed sets with average estimation error up to 10x times smaller than those using RIS and 6x times smaller than SKIMs. In addition, our influence maximization using SKIS substantially improves the quality of solutions for greedy algorithms. It achieves up to 10x times speed-up and 4x memory reduction for the fastest RIS-based DSSA algorithm, while maintaining the same theoretical guarantees.


This article is devoted to the development of spiritual poetry in Polish-language literature of Belarus in the 19th century. Focus is brought to the interpretation of biblical motifs and images in the works of T. Lada-Zablotsky, Y. Chachot, G.Puzynya and V. Syrokomlya, with reference to the influence of romanticism on these writers. The poem Iyeremia's cry by T. Lada-Zablotsky is presented as a literary paraphrase of Psalm 137 (136 in Eastern Christian tradition). Special attention is paid to the series of religious poems by Y. Chachot from the volume Songs of the Landlord, never studied before by Belarusian researchers. His works, modelled after the Epistles of Paul, have been received as a poetic interpretation of the Commandments and Christian Virtues, which in turn brought the concept of poetic "catechism" in Y. Chachot's oeuvre. The comparison of the Biblical motifs in the works of G. Puzynya and V. Syrokomlya proves the associative closeness of the authors, seeking original metaphors and striving to give new meanings to Christian symbols, such as the bell, the cross, the church, or the cleric. The author comes to the conclusion that the interest in psalms as a genre and the biblical symbolism contained therein increased greatly in romantic literature, especially in poetry. References to biblical motifs allowed the poets to express patriotic feelings, to sacralize them, and to emphasize the ideals of freedom. Religious poetry of the period studied served didactic purposes, taking the form of a certain "secular apostleship". We can therefore speak of poetic Christian pedagogy, whose principles of exegesis and catechesis were based on moral examples drawnfrom national history.


Objective: The objective of this study was to determine CYP2D6 phenotype in a Javanese and Sundanese healthy subject in Indonesia.Methods: Ninety unrelated healthy Indonesian subjects from Java and Sunda were studied. Metoprolol was used as phenotyping substrate. A 100 mgoral tablet of metoprolol was administered to all the subjects. Urinary metoprolol and α-hydroxymetoprolol were determined to calculate metoprololmetabolic ratio (MR). Determination of metoprolol and α-hydroxymetoprolol was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography method.Results: Metoprolol MR varied widely (from 0.08 to 72.75). One subject (1.11%) in the study was classified as poor metabolizer (PM), one subject(1.11%) as ultrarapid metabolizer, and the remaining 88 subjects (97.78%) were classified as extensive metabolizers.Conclusion: The frequencies of PM for the CYP2D6 phenotype (1.11%) in the Javanese and Sundanese population are in concordance with mostresults of oxidation metabolizers in other Asian populations.


The objective of this study was to correlate shades of teeth to skin color according to age and gender. The study sample comprised 200 patients ranging in age from 16 to 55 years, divided into four age groups of 50 each. Shade of middle third of labial surface of maxillary central incisor was recorded visually with the help of Vitapan 3D-Master shade guide under standardized lighting. Color of back of the hands was recorded with the help of Ideal Balance Quick Stick makeup shades, and divided into three skin tone groups. The paired samples T-test was applied at 95% confidence interval. Our results revealed a significant association (P<0.001) when either age or gender was correlated with shades of teeth and color of the skin. It was concluded that both tooth shade and skin color were strongly related with each other and with the age and gender of the patients. This information can be used effectively for fabrication of more life-like dentures.


The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate if introduction of the triceps splitting approach rather than olecranon osteotomy...


Aims. Our goal is to see if there is molecular gas extending throughout the optical low surface brightness disk of the galaxy Malin 2. Methods. We used the heterodyne receiver array (HERA) mounted on the IRAM 30 m telecope to make deep observations at the frequency of the CO(2-1) line at nine different positions of Malin 2. With a total observing time of 11 h at a velocity resolution of 11 km s -1 we achieve a sensitivity level of 1 mK. Results. We detect CO(2-1) line emission from Malin 2. The line is detected in four of the nine HERA beams; a fifth beam shows a marginal detection. These results not only confirm that there is molecular gas in the disk of Malin 2, but they also show that it is spread throughout the inner 34 kpc radius as sampled by the observations of the galaxy disk. The mean molecular gas surface density in the disk is 1.1 ± 0.2 M o pc -2 , and the molecular gas mass lies between the limits 4.9 x 10 8 to 8.3 × 10 8 M ⊙ . The observed velocity dispersion of the molecular gas is higher (~13 km s -1 ) than in star-forming galactic disks. This could explain the disk stability and its low star-formation activity.


Objective To study the Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) capacity in outward blood lymphocyte and the value of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) diagnosis, stages and prognosis. Methods Adopt real time fluorogenic quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) method, collect venous blood 2 mL. In the way of EDTA-Na2 to combat coagulation and depart the lymphocyte in the blood with the lymphocyte fluid and enlarge and gain the examination by the EBV-DNA model in the lymphocyte from DNA collects fluid. Result The EBV-DNA′s positive rates in NPC patients is 63.8% (30/47), that of the comparison series non-NPC patient is 11.5% (7/61), there is the significamt difference (χ2=32.30, P 0.01). There is significant difference of EBV-DNA content between early phase (Ⅰ, Ⅱ stage, 14 cases) and late period (Ⅲ, Ⅳ stage, 16 cases) NPC patient (t=4.65, P 0.01), EBV-DNA′s content of patient′s lymphocyte late period is higher than early phase patient. Conclusion The value of the NPC diagnoses, stages and prognosis are quantitative examination in the EBV-DNA in the lymphocyte possess exceedingly tall reference value to the NPC diagnoses, stages and prognos, and it is a kind of valid measure to monitor patient′s condition and decide curative effect.


The aim of this study to analyze role of KarebaBaji community as peer educator in healing effort of tuberculosis (TB) multi drug resistance (MDR) in LabuangBaji Hospital at Makassar City. This study had used qualitative research design with case study approach. This design was used to analyze KarebaBaji community role as peer educator in effort in healing of MDR TB patients. This study was used 3 data collection techniques that were in-depth interview, focus group discussion (FGD) and observation. The informant determination method used in this study was purposive sampling method. The informants were 10 peer educators, 3 MDR tuberculosis (TB) patients, 2 health workers, and 1 expert informant. The study was planned in early March until mid-April 2016. Peer educator understood meaning, transmission, diagnosis, temporary/previous treatment, transmission prevention and MDR TB side effects based on experiences, information from health workers, and training. The motivation in peer educators as sharing experiences, support people for complete the treatment, became friends and help the patient and reduce and transmission prevention. The peer educator skills in mentoring MDR TB patients used persuasive methods. The communication was done through verbally and non-verbally such as support in term of information, treatment discipline and side effect, and emotional support by listens their complaint and self-esteem support in form of motivation, spirit and confidence.


A method which reduces computer storage and time requirements for finite-difference solutions of field problems is described. Mesh points in regions away from complicated boundaries are eliminated, and in their place an analytic solution is used to formulate a new boundary condition close to the nonsimple regions.


—From the perspective of function and effect, decorative sculpture is a sub-concept of sculpture. Material is the primary condition for sculpture and also for decorative sculpture. The relationship between decorative sculpture and material in traditional sense is relatively simple. However in the contemporary era, the relationship has changed because of the reform in artistic design concept. At the same time, the scope of decorative sculpture is expanded after the redefinition of material due to the improvement of processing technology and conditions and the expansion of application fields of decorative sculpture. Those new problems have caused the changes in teaching of the application of decorative sculpture and material: in the teaching process, it is not only needed to pay attention to the relationship between the body and materials of decorative sculpture, but also needed to focus on the relationship between decorative sculpture and the application space field; and those two aspects should also be constantly expanded and deepened along with the changes in artistic design concepts and the change in breadth and depth of relevant research content. The aspects and forms that this kind of expansion and deepening is reflected in are the important contents to be accurately grasped in the teaching process.


We examine how the learning, along several dimensions (environment, task, process, skills, goals), that takes place in strategic alliances between firms mediates between the initial conditions and the outcomes of these alliances. Through a longitudinal case study of two projects in one alliance, replicated and extended in another four projects in two alliances, a framework was developed to analyze the evolution of cooperation in strategic alliances. Successful alliance projects were highly evolutionary and went through a sequence of interactive cycles of learning, reevaluation and readjustment. Failing projects, conversely, were highly inertial, with little learning, or divergent learning between cognitive understanding and behavioral adjustment, or frustrated expectations. Although strategic alliances may be a special case of organizational learning, we believe analyzing the evolution of strategic alliances helps transcend too simple depictions of inertia and adaptation, in particular by suggesting that initial conditions may lead to a stable 'imprinting' of fixed processes that make alliances highly inertial or to generative and evolutionary processes that make them highly adaptive, depending on how they are set.


This paper analyzes the role of adverbials including a preposition and an adjective (PA pattern) in the diachrony of Romance, from Latin to present-day varieties. In view of present-day standardized Romance languages, PA -patterns (e. g., Sp. de seguro) appear to be lexicalized »adverbial locutions«. Empirical data show, however, that they are (i) productive and (ii) systematically used as alternatives to adverbial adjectives (e. g., Sp. viene seguro's/he comes sure') and adverbs ending in-mente (e. g., Sp. viene seguramente's/he surely comes'), until the 17th century. Consequently, PA -patterns are likely to have systematically appeared as a third way of forming adverbials in terms of mainstream analyticity in the Latin-Romance transition. Regarding functional differentiation, PA -patterns display affinity to circumstantial modification, which secondarily favors the development of discourse functions. Two case studies provide a fine-graded diachronic analysis that checks seven claims formulated in the Introduction. The first case concerns Sp. fijo, a learned word borrowed from Classical Latin which undergoes colloquialization (> de fijo, a la fija, por fijo, etc .). The second deals with Fr . vrai, which belongs to the genuine oral tradition. The paper confirms the systematic role of the PA -pattern in the diachrony of Romance.


Abstract : Water depths in the near-shore zone of western Isla de Vieques (an island off the southeast coast of Puerto Rico in the Caribbean Sea) are calculated using Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper imagery and two different algorithms. The first is a new algorithm that does not require a sea-bottom-type clustering; the second is the dual-band-ratio algorithm. TM bands one and two (0.45-0.52 microns and 0.52-0.60 microns, respectively) are water penetrating and provide capability for calculating water depths to about 20 m in clear water. A comparison of results of remotely sensed bathymetry using the two different models is made. Keywords: Vieques Island, Satellite imagery, Thematic Mapper imagery, Multispectral imagery, Optical bathymetry.


Mobile applications are a major force behind the explosive growth of mobile devices. While they greatly extend the functionality of mobile devices, they also raise security and privacy concerns, especially when they have not gone through a rigorous review process. To protect users from untrusted and potentially malicious applications, we design and implement a rewriting framework for embedding In-App Reference Monitors (I-ARM) into Android applications. The framework user identifies a set of security-sensitive API methods and specifies their security policies, which may be tailored to each application. Then, our framework automatically rewrites the Dalvik bytecode of the application, where it interposes on all the invocations of these API methods to implement the desired security policies. We have implemented a prototype of the rewriting framework and evaluated it on compatibility, functionality, and performance in time and size overhead. We showcase example security policies that this rewriting framework supports. Keywords-Mobile applications; Reference monitor; Rewriting; Security policy


This thesis concerns the viability of the 'Yin-Yang grid' for future generations of atmospheric models. The 'Yin-Yang grid, is an overset grid in which two segments of the classical latitude-longitude grid, with the poles excised, are rotated relative to each other and fit together rather like the surface of a tennis ball. We investigate whether wave propagation can be accurately modelled across the overlap regions and whether transport of air mass properties, such as entropy or water content, can be modelled accurately and conservatively across the overlap regions, without significant 'grid imprinting' on the solution. The wave propagation results demonstrate that the overlapping regions support computational/spurious wave modes and methods for controlling these wave modes are discussed. Transport schemes are investigated in one dimension using the Chesshire and Henshaw conservative interpolation scheme [CH94] and the new 'Zerroukat mass fixer' scheme. The Zerroukat mass fixer scheme is extended to the (two-dimensional) Yin-Yang grid. The results demonstrate that the Zerroukat mass fixer scheme is successful in conserving mass. However, the Zerroukat scheme has an effect on flux limiter schemes, overshoots can occur. The Zerroukat scheme also reduces convergence rates by 2 orders of accuracy. Therefore if 2nd order convergence is required a 4th order scheme would need to be used.


Combining with engineering project,this paper discussed the principles and steps of steam curing,analysed cracking reason and control measures of pretensioned prestressing hollow slab beam in the winter,and achieved good results,for the steam curing of concrete structures accumulated some experience.


In this study, the lattice Boltzmann method is used to explore the double‐diffusive natural convection within a shallow enclosure with a built‐in rectangular blockage at its geometric center. The enclosure is exposed to an external magnetic field. One of the enclosure walls is subjected to linearly/sinusoidal heating and concentration conditions. The rectangular blockage is at higher temperature and concentration conditions. Numerical experimentation is executed for a range of parameters such as Rayleigh number ( 1 0 3 ≤ R a ≤ 1 0 5 ) $(1{0}^{3}\le Ra\le 1{0}^{5})$ , Lewis number ( 2 ≤ L e ≤ 10 ) $(2\le Le\le 10)$ , buoyancy ratio ( − 2 ≤ N ≤ 2 ) $(-2\le N\le 2)$ , aspect ratio of the enclosure ( 2 ≤ A R ≤ 4 ) $(2\le AR\le 4)$ , aspect ratio of the built‐in blockage ( 2 ≤ a r ≤ 4 ) $(2\le ar\le 4)$ , and Hartmann number ( 0 ≤ H a ≤ 100 ) $(0\le Ha\le 100)$ . The working fluid is assumed to be liquid metal (sodium–potassium alloy, P r = 0.054 $Pr=0.054$ ). The complex interaction of flow parameters with the nonuniform heating and concentration conditions has been explored. Higher heat and mass transfer (HMT) rates are noticed for the sinusoidal temperature and concentration profile compared to linear for a given R a $Ra$ . N u t o t a l $N{u}_{total}$ and S h t o t a l $S{h}_{total}$ showed enhancement by 22 % $22 \% $ , and 21 % $21 \% $ for sinusoidal temperature and concentration profile of the enclosure as compared to linear for A R = 2 $AR=2$ . The increase in the blockage and the enclosure aspect ratio shows augmentation in the HMT rate. The consequences of the study are also summarized in terms of empirical correlations of the N u t o t a l $N{u}_{total}$ and S h t o t a l $S{h}_{total}$ numbers showing functional dependence on the considered range of parameters.


The naissance of the particular young group of vocational school students born after 1990s has put forward challenges to the school-running view,educational model,management system and practice strategy to vocational schools.Adolescent education is important content of quality-oriented education of secondary vocational schools.Vocational school teachers should understand the mental world of students born after 1990s,carry out scientific adolescent education,pursue for the art and wisdom of vocational education management.


The invention relates to a device for setting maximum allowable speed of a ship. The device comprises a GPS locator, a wireless communication interface, a scattering visibility visualizer, a weight input device and a control device. The control device is respectively connected with the GPS locator, the wireless communication interface and the scattering visibility visualizer to receive waterway width value of a waterway where a current ship route of the ship is located, ship route traffic density of the current ship route and the visibility of the current location of the ship. Three weight factors respectively corresponding to the waterway width value, the visibility and the ship route traffic density used for controlling the speed of the ship are set by the weight input device. The control device is connected with the weight input device. According to the waterway width value, the ship route traffic density, the visibility and the three weight factors, the maximum allowable speed at the current position is determined. According to the device, different safe speeds suitable for ship traveling can be flexibly arranged on the conditions of complicated water surfaces, and marine accidents can be effectively avoided.


This issue is teeming with scholarly works that push the audience to think more critically about athletics and education. Even the story of the student who appears on this year's covers suggests that we should become more thoughtful about how we operate in educational settings and how we impact the lives of youth. The student athlete pictured, Brad Justice (a pseudonym) is what Professor Keith Harrison would claim to be a Scholar BallerTM in the true sense of its meaning. The Scholar BallerTM philosophy is a conceptualization that promotes a willingness for students to accept the challenge of harmonizing academics and athletics. According to their web site, the term "ScholarBaller" stresses the importance of a committment to the skills of lifelong learning and intellectual engagement. Brad is currently a college freshman, but he is no longer playing his sport, tennis, in college. He neither picked up a collegiate scholarship, nor did he gravitate to the tennis team. The surprise stems from the fact that he is from a family deeply steeped in athleticism— specifically, the sport of tennis. This scholar hails from interesting circumstances wherein he was unable to play his final year in high school tennis. He chose to attend a longscheduled service event that he had committed to, rather than the opening of practice for the tennis team. Because he did not attend the first practice, he was pronounced ineligible to participate in tennis for the remainder of the season — no questions asked. So what happens to the career of star athlete who is gifted, but forced out of his sport during his senior season? It certainly could have the been the beginning of a sad story. However, Brad volunteered his time to coaching a middle-school tennis team that had been left without a coach — in the same school district. Yes, while he was still in high school! Instead of waging a war against inequity, this star athlete took another route (I would still like to wage the war on his behalf!). Brad is the kind of student and athlete who many of us would be thrilled to have join our institutions — a star individual with superior grades, leadership skills, and a service orientation that directly impacts the lives of young athletes. In a time where some sport stars protest and prefer not to be role models, this teen is a role model for me. While we are all familiar with the slogan, "Like Mike," many of us would also like to be "Like Brad." Hats off to this fine young athlete whose athletic route and perhaps academic career was changed by a school district's policy. Please take note of this year's cover photo and mark my words, this young student athlete will do great things. The story of this cover provides a perfect segue into this issue, and my favorite part of the journal — when the final pieces are ready for publication. We are always pleased and more educated by the final drafts. The final copy provides me with a good book to read throughout the day. Many of the topics assist us in not only providing the readership with good academic work,


Syzigias y quadraturas lunares was written by friar Manuel Antonio de Rivas, a member of the Franciscan order in the Yucatán Peninsula, New Spain, in 1775. The text is the earliest known example of a marvelous journey to the moon written in the New World. In addition to narrating the lunar voyage and scientific experiments of one Onésimo Dutalón in its thirteen-odd pages, it also contains elements of the history of an advanced lunar society, directly and indirectly engages scientific and religious debates of the times, and makes thickly veiled references to figures of the day. As Carmen F. Galán states in her prefatory study, 'es un manuscrito con demasiadas intenciones' (38), though herein also lies much of the fascination of this work both for Galán and for the reader. Disciplines Latin American Languages and Societies | Other Languages, Societies, and Cultures | Spanish Literature | Technical and Professional Writing Comments This accepted book review is published as Haywood-Ferreira,R., Review of Syzigias y quadraturas lunares by Manuel Antonio de Rivas, Ed. Carmen F. Galán. For the Bulletin of Spanish Studies, University of Glasgow. 90.6 (2013): 1068-69. Doi: 10.1080/14753820.2013.810922. Posted with permission. This book review is available at Iowa State University Digital Repository: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/language_pubs/177 MANUEL ANTONIO DE RIVAS, Syzigias y quadraturas lunares... Edición y estudio de Carmen F. Galán. La Serpiente Emplumada 38. México DF: Factoría Ediciones. 2010. 159 pp. Reviewed by: Rachel Haywood Ferreira Published in: Bulletin of Spanish Studies, University of Glasgow. 90.6 (2013): pp1068-69 Syzigias y quadraturas lunares was written by friar Manuel Antonio de Rivas, a member of the Franciscan order in the Yucatán Peninsula, New Spain, in 1775. The text is the earliest known example of a marvelous journey to the moon written in the New World. In addition to narrating the lunar voyage and scientific experiments of one Onésimo Dutalón in its thirteen-odd pages, it also contains elements of the history of an advanced lunar society, directly and indirectly engages scientific and religious debates of the times, and makes thickly veiled references to figures of the day. As Carmen F. Galán states in her prefatory study, 'es un manuscrito con demasiadas intenciones' (38), though herein also lies much of the fascination of this work both for Galán and for the reader. Syzigias is a text that sits between genres—it is sometimes satire, sometimes utopia, proto-science-fictional imaginary voyage, or scientific treatise—and also between traditions, as the Baroque was slowly giving way to the Enlightenment, and the hermetic and experimental sciences coexisted often without clear separation. According to Galán, Rivas tended toward a more modern worldview, and for a cleric in eighteenth-century New Spain, this also made him particularly vulnerable to accusations of heresy. The Enlightened tendencies in Syzigias indeed contributed toward the Inquisition's case against Rivas, though, as Galán demonstrates, the charges seem far more motivated by political infighting within the Franciscan order than by any religious transgressions. Indeed, the only extant copy of the original manuscript of Syzigias was discovered in the Inquisition collection of the Archivo General de la Nación in the 1950s by Pablo González Casanova (see his La literatura perseguida en la crisis de la colonia. México: Colegio de México, 1958). It is bound together with an almanac for 1775 (this Almanaque begins on the same page where Syzigias ends) and is archived with other documents pertaining to Rivas's case, though Galán notes that there are many gaps in these documents and they are not in chronological order. Because Syzigias has been republished a number of times, including quite recently, it is incumbent upon the reviewer to include a brief overview of those editions of the text that are most readily available as well as to indicate additional scholarship on the work. Syzigias was first republished with a brief page-and-a-half introduction and forty-eight useful footnotes by Ana María Morales ("Un viaje novohispano a la luna [ca. 1772], de fray Manuel Antonio de Rivas, franciscano." Literatura Mexicana 5.2 [1994]: 555-68). Subsequently, a number of longer studies appeared, such as Miguel Ángel Fernández Delgado's various essays, including the Rivas entry in Latin American Science Fiction Writers: An A-to-Z Guide (Ed. Darrell B. Lockhart. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2004. 168-70), and Aaron Dziubinskyj's "The Birth of Science Fiction in Spanish America" (Science Fiction Studies 30.1 [2003]: 21-32). In 2009 Carolina Depetris published the first book-length edition of the text: Sizigias y cuadraturas lunares... [note spelling variations] (Mérida: Universidad Autónoma de México, 2009). Depetris includes two introductory essays of some twenty-five pages, a somewhat modernized transcription of Sizigias with thirty-six useful footnotes, thirty-odd pages of transcribed documents from the Inquisitorial case against Rivas, and also a complete facsimile edition of Syzigias itself. Galán's Syzygias includes an introductory essay of ninety-odd pages and a diplomatic edition of Rivas's tale, a strict transcription of the only known original manuscript. Her edition also includes twenty-six brief footnotes to the text, a somewhat helpful glossary of terms, a diplomatic edition of the Almanaque, one other document from the Inquisitorial case, seven images from various sources that illustrate arguments made in the introductory essay, and a Bibliography. Hers is the longest study of Syzigias, containing the most in-depth discussion of the history of the text (including lengthy quotations from other documents from the Inquisitorial case) and detailed analysis of the scientific and literary milieu from which it emerged. The inclusion of the text of the almanac is also valuable, as Galán draws connections between Almanaque and Syzigias and traces what the composition of such a work establishes about the scientific background of Rivas and the degree to which the experimental sciences had penetrated the Spanish colonies. Galán's prefatory study would benefit from a more thorough grounding in the terminology and history of the proto-science fiction tradition that informs Syzigias provided by sources such as Dziubinskyj, Fernández Delgado, and Marjorie Hope Nicolson's landmark study Voyages to the Moon (New York: Macmillan Company, 1948). The clarity of Galán's prose suffers in places, though her summative remarks for each section of the introduction are excellent. Though the reader may desire to supplement a reading of this edition of Syzigias with other editions, depending on interests and needs, Galán's edition does provide the most archival contextualization of the work and contributes an invaluable piece of scholarship on this remarkable tale. RACHEL HAYWOOD FERREIRA Iowa State University


The paper maintains that whether the stock market can serve as a weather glass of the national economy depends on whether the stock market is mature or not: a mature stock market is while an immature one is not.


December 2022 finally saw the historic agreement of the Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KM‐GBF), a landmark framework that sets to halt and reverse global biodiversity loss by remedying the multifaceted drivers behind biodiversity declines around the planet. The KM‐GBF follows on from the Aichi targets, which aimed to prevent further biodiversity loss through a concerted effort between 2010 and 2020, but which were not successfully achieved. The KM‐GBF builds on the drivers of biodiversity losses rather than their outcomes and sets a suite of targeted and measurable actions to reconcile losses. Developing the framework faced considerable challenges, especially in the face of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and issues were often resolved at the very last moment. Consequently, compromises had to be made, useful elements were left out, or removed from the KM‐GBF to achieve consensus, and some will need to be reflected in other ways, or incorporated into indicators. The final agreed KM‐GBF includes 4 goals and 23 targets in addition to a package of annexes including a monitoring framework to set targets and benchmark progress. Particularly challenging issues included the flagship target of '30 × 30' of protecting 30% of land, freshwater, coastal, and high‐sea in a representative way by 2030, which will require both new mechanisms and funding streams to enact effectively. Digital sequence information and funding mechanisms also presented major hurdles in the agreement of the KM‐GBF. Ultimately, the success of the new GBF depends on implementation and mainstreaming. New targets can only be achieved through the inclusion of all sectors, clear communication, and effective funding mechanisms to guide change and provide the means to implement it. Furthermore, while common but differentiated responsibility is crucial to implementation, impacts of inaction are disproportionate in developing economies, and more resources and support are needed to enable them to develop sustainably and meet targets. This highlights the urgent need for action if we are to achieve the new targets and secure a future for all life on earth.


ABSTRACT: The effects of the thickness of the sacrificial layer and the type of barrier layer on the self-extinguishing performance of wooden fireproof structural elements made from Japanese cedar were clarified. Three series of small fireproof heating tests were conducted. It was clarified that with a wood-based protection layer, there was an optimum thickness of the sacrificial layer regardless of the heating time. The use of gypsum and fire-retardant wood as the barrier layer was then compared in terms of suppressing the temperature rise through the latent heat of the barrier layer, and the effect of the sacrificial layer thickness on the self-extinguishing performance was clarified.


Entrepreneurial marketing is a non-conventional marketing technique that provides business owners a method to successfully operate their business with limited resources. The main objective of this study is to therefore investigate whether entrepreneurial marketing can affect the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises operating in Ethiopia, specifically in the city of Jimma. A purposive sampling technique was employed to gather data from 100 business owners that have been on market for more than 7 years. The data were analysed using Minitab and SPSS statistical software packages. The study showed that some elements of entrepreneurial marketing indeed affect the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises. Innovation orientation and customer intensity have a positive relationship with the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises and are statistically significant, while risk-taking orientation has a negative relationship and is statistically significant. It is therefore recommended that business owners apply the concept of entrepreneurial marketing to leverage their limited resources to cope with competitors and maintain the sustainability of their business.


The objective of this study was to determine the effect of compaction effort on marshall properties of two types of mix design which is from asphaltic concrete (AC) and bituminous Macadam (BM). The types of mix design are AC14 and BMW20 which is for Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). This study also determined the time available for compaction for AC14 and BMW20. Compaction is one of the important factor in constructing a pavement. According to JKR specification, the number of blow is 75 per face. For this study, the number of blow used were 35, 50 and 75. Bitumen content that has to be used for asphaltic concrete is between 4 to 6 percent. Compaction, flow and stability test for AC14 were carried out to determine the optimum bitumen content for each blow. The result of OBC for 35 blow was 5.54%, 5.32% for 50 blow and 5.23% for 75 blow. The results show that the increase of the number of blow would decrease the optimum bitumen content. After comparing the parameter, the result for AC14 show that 35 blow and 50 blow of compaction do not meet the specification except for 75 blow. For BMW20, the bitumen content used was 4.9% for each blow. The results for BMW20 show that for each blow which is 35 blow, 50 blow and 75 blow comply to the specification. On the other hand, the time available for compaction of AC14 is 108 minutes and the time available for compaction of BMW20 is 100 minutes.


We investigated a local church ice hockey league, because it: (a) was specifically created for the playing of hockey according to `Christian' values and expectations; (b) consisted of eight teams from evangelical churches, which led us to presuppose an explicit expectation for the integration of the Christian faith into all aspects of life, including sport; and (c) presented an implict paradox between the nature of the game and the practice of the Christian faith. Informal, structured interviews with 20 volunteers from four of the teams revealed that the practice of the league was dominated by an explicitly `Christian' ethos rather than by the sport ethic. Any problems the players did report were explained from an interactionist/role-identity perspective as the consequence of a reflexive analysis of the relative values of the various role-identity options available to the individual in the setting. In this regard we were able to identify three stereotypes of players: the consistent, the struggling and the nominal.


The global burden of disease associated with wounds is an increasingly significant public health concern. Current treatments are often expensive, time‐consuming and limited in their efficacy in chronic wounds. The challenge of overcoming current barriers associated with wound care requires innovative management techniques.


Background  Vitamin D has a range of biological effects including antiproliferative functions that are mediated through its receptors, encoded by the VDR gene.


In a single-pipe boiler, the pipe is, in the range below the saturated steam temperature in the combustion chamber (A) Fig. I, coiled in such a manner that the temperature differences and thus stresses of neighbouring pipes are so small that the finned pipes can be welded to one another in a gastight manner without danger, or the skin casing can be welded to the pipes. By means of this pipe coiling, the boiler can be drained. The cold feedwater can be heated in a separate heat exchanger by the single pipe of the boiler to such an extent that low-temperature corrosion does not occur in the economiser (C).


statutory authority in both substantive and procedural terms. At that stage they never refused to review by certiorari where the objection was based on the applicable statutory language, and the objection was decided on its merits whether or not that objection was based on the language of the inferior court's order. Once it became clear that every requirement of a statute need not be treated as jurisdictional, the way lay open for the development of the modern arbitrary rule. The modern position is well set out in Professor de Smith's Judicial Review of Administrative Action, p. 294 et seq., a work which perhaps deserved a place in Miss Henderson's select bibliography on account of its useful historical perspective. This book is the result of careful research and the materials have been carefully presented to the reader. Within its compass this book tells a connected story and tells it well.


Extensive seismic surveys along with gravity and electrical surveys were made during the period 1969-73 in the Far Saratov Trans-Volga. The basement here dips in general monoclinally from northwest and north to southeast and south. The hypsometric position of the basement surface ranges from -2000 to -7000 m; this surface has a strong relief, marked by projections and depressions. A total of 38 local projections and uplifted zones with average dimensions of 6 by 12 km have been found. Their trend is controlled by two large tectonic elements: the Klintsov projection and the border step of the Peri-Caspian depression. In direct proximity to the border step are several local uplifts of the basement, which are complicated by a system of faults. These structures are prime exploration objectives.


Endurance exercise is a model of physiological integration. There is no other animal activity in which cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic-endocrine and neuromuscular functions are activated at the same time. Even apparently, silent functions are essential during exercise (digestive, renal). During long-term exercise, the absorption of water and carbohydrates is a determining factor in performance. Kidney function plays a fundamental role in trying to preserve the hydro-electrolyte balance during exercise. In this work we present an integrative physiological perspective during dynamic exercise (mobilization of a large muscle mass with a low to moderate degree of strength development), both from the point of view of health and performance. The response of the heart rate in the first moments of exercise is a good example of the feedforward mechanism. Overall, the nervous system has two control mechanisms: feedforward and feedback. These depend on the central command, a more functional than anatomical entity. The feedforward system allows to immediately start the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. This mechanism is important because it activates the organism to overcome resting state. The feedback system is equally important because it allows the central command to receive the necessary information to "order" the appropriate response according to the intensity of the exercise. The information for retrocontrol comes from various receptors located in: the muscles, the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system. It is complex information that the central nervous system processes with exquisite precision, as can be seen in in endurance exercise.


ABSTRACT This study sought to examine the psychometric properties of the Grooming subscale of the Computer Assisted Maltreatment Inventory (CAMI) in a sample of adult survivors of child sexual abuse. There are currently no other research measures that examine grooming events as experienced by survivors, which underscores the importance of a reliable and valid way of gathering this information. Participants (n = 295) were adult survivors of child sexual abuse who completed this anonymous study online. The sample was collected through the use of adult survivor of child sexual abuse websites, trauma blogs, and survivor group pages on Facebook. Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Cronbach's Alpha were used to ascertain the reliability and validity of this subscale. These analyses suggest that the Grooming subscale of the CAMI is a reliable and valid measure. This measure is an important addition to the body of research instruments that measure adult survivor of child sexual abuse experiences, particularly since this is the only instrument that examines grooming from this perspective.


We have demonstrated the generation of 200 µW of power at ~18 µm by mixing the output from a two-color Yb:fiber system. The modelled optimal amplifier fiber lengths are in reasonable agreement with experimental results.


In order to improve the efficiency of on-the-spot test and accuracy of the data, the authors proposed a new method to set up virtual noise sources based on the noise decay principle. Through this method, we can predict and calculate the noise level around the known points on the basis of the limited real measurement data, then draw the isoline map of propagation of the noise. The process is simple and convenient and the result very clear. Through a comparison of the prediction noise levels calculated by this method with actual values, the authors verify the precision and feasibility of this method. It reflects the situation and change of regional noise pollution in the noise pollution area objectively, and offers a new method for the on-the-spot ambient noise test of many noise sources.


: A field experiment of drip-irrigated Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) was conducted at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba-Basha), Alexandria University, Egypt during 2013 growing season to develop seasonal K c values for drip irrigated sunflower. In this context the objectives were: 1. to analyze the ability of the FAO-56 single and dual crop coefficient models for assessment the regional evapotranspiration and water requirements, 2. to estimate an adequate water quantity needed for the sunflower. The sunflower variety Sakha 53 was cultivated at 28 th April and harvesting was done at 8 August, 2013. Seeds were sown at 4-5 seeds in each hill with a spacing of 0.3 m within each row and 0.6 spacing, then thinned to one plant after 2 weeks from sowing. After emergence, the plots were irrigated by the drip irrigation method. All field practices were done as usually recommended for sunflower cultivation. The irrigation treatments based on replenishment of soil water depletion according to reference evapotranspiration (ET 0 ). The irrigation treatments were; irrigation at 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of ET 0 . The results indicated that seasonal sunflower evapotranspiration (mm) has higher value with field irrigation approach and the lower value was for standard FAO single approach. The seasonal evapotranspiration (single crop coefficient approach) was less than the seasonal evapotranspiration of dual crop coefficient approach. It appears that ETc estimation of sunflower crop is more accurate by dual crop coefficient approach than those produced by single crop coefficient approach because of using more parameters and taking the soil practices and crop characteristics in consideration. The basal crop coefficient values cannot be proposed for all climates and regions because of different climatic conditions and crop management practice under different regions. The present study recommended that for the present conditions and the same other conditions, the irrigation of sunflower crop must be done according to the dual crop coefficient approach because it is more accurate than single crop coefficient and close up to the field conditions.


The relative arrangement of sodium and lithium ions in mixed-alkali silicate glases of composition [(Li2O)1-y(Na2O)y]x[SiO2]1-x (y = 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75; x = 0.40 and 0.50) is studied by 23Na−{7Li} spin echo double-resonance (SEDOR) NMR spectroscopy, supplemented by additional 23Na−{6Li} experiments on isotopically labeled materials. The experimental results are compared with various cation distribution scenarios and found to be quantitatively most consistent with a model in which lithium and sodium ions occupy random positions on a cubic lattice mimicking a uniform (homogeneous) spatial cation distribution. The experimental data give no evidence for preferred interactions among unlike cations or cation-pairing models previously invoked to describe the structure of mixed-alkali glasses. To the contrary, if the overall cation distribution were to diverge from homogeneous, the data would be most consistent with preferred interactions among like cations.


Some Chinese characters with "nǖ" bear early people's value judgment of worshipping procreation,and establish women's social class.The consciousness becomes the durative headstream of the ancient culture of China.However,in order to unbind themselves,Women of the moment must solve the problem.This article studies the chindese characters with "nǖ" and quests for the si gnificance of motherhood value.


The Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) started in 1865 when Tsarist Russia managed gradually to conquer the western part of Turkestan. Subsequently, The region Western Turkestan was established. Western Turkestan was divided into five republics with the establishment of the Soviet Union in 1924: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. In 1949, when the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) won the election against Kuomintang (KMT), The region's name was changed to Uyghur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang. The race of Xinjiang (New Borders) can be separated into two groups: non-Turkic people (Han Chinese, Russians, Indians, and Manchurians) and Turkic people (Xinjiang indigenous). Uyghur, Kazakh, Uzbek Kirghiz, and Tajik are all Turkic languages, with the Uyghurs having the biggest community. Based on this description, this study examines the history of the Uyghur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang and its existence within the framework of international relations as well as the human rights conditions of Uyghurs.


Aiming at the high false alarm rate when using single sensor to detect fire in aircraft cabin, a multisensor data fusion method is proposed to detect fire. First, the weights of multiple factors, that is, temperature, smoke concentration, CO concentration, and infrared ray intensity in the event of fire, were calculated by using the improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method on each sensor node of wireless sensor network, and the probability of fire event in the cabin was evaluated by multivariable-weighted fusion method. Second, based on the mutual support among the evaluation data of fire probabilities of each node, the adaptive weight coefficient is assigned to each evaluation value, and the weighted fusion of all evaluation values of each node is conducted to obtain the fire probability. In the end, compared to the threshold of probability, the fire alarm is determined. Comparing the proposed algorithm to the grey fuzzy neural network fusion algorithm and fuzzy logic fusion algorithm in terms of the time consumption for fire detection and sending alarm and the accuracy of fire alarm perspectives, the experiments demonstrate that the proposed fire detection algorithm can detect the fire within 10s and reduce the false alarm rate to less than 0.5%, which verifies the superiority of the algorithm in promptness and accuracy. In the meanwhile, the fault tolerance of the algorithm is proved as well.


This paper deals with an adaptive hysteresis controller for the Switched Reluctance Machine (SRM). The classical hysteresis controller provides a high bandwidth, good robustness but it's characterized by a variable switching frequency. This latter causes the injection of high frequency harmonics into the system that can also cause mechanical vibration and acoustic noise. In this paper, adaptive hysteresis controller based on variable hysteresis band is proposed. This variable band is computed in real time to provide a fixed switching frequency. The performance of the classical and the proposed hysteresis controller has been evaluated. Simulations results and experimental tests are given and show the effectiveness of the proposed controller. The switching frequency is maintained constant and the torque ripples are reduced.


Abstract Background: Non-attendance at out-patient clinics is a seemingly intractable problem, estimated to cost £65 (€97) per incident. This results in under-utilisation of resources and prolonged waiting lists. In an effort to reduce out-patient clinic non-attendance, our ENT department, in conjunction with the information and communication technology department, instigated the use of a mobile telephone short message service ('text') reminder, to be sent out to each patient three days prior to their out-patient clinic appointment. Objective: To audit non-attendance rates at ENT out-patient clinics following the introduction of a text reminder system. Study design: Retrospective review. Methods: Non-attendance at our institution's ENT out-patient clinics was audited, following introduction of a text message reminder system in August 2003. Rates of non-attendance were compared for the text message reminder group and a historical control group. Results: Before the introduction of the text message reminder system, the mean rate of non-attendance was 33.6 per cent. Following the introduction of the system, the mean rate of non-attendance reduced to 22 per cent. Conclusion: Sending text message reminders is a simple and cost-effective way to improve non-attendance at ENT out-patient clinics.


This work analyzes the relationship between the input/output voltage/current in a 12-pulse converter using the transfer function approach. A 12-pulse converter although very successful in eliminating the low order harmonics, fails to do so when the supply becomes unbalanced. This is attributed to the generation of the new non-characteristic harmonics, which were totally absent under ideal supply conditions. Operation of the proposed converter is investigated under a standard 5% unbalance and a selected distorted input voltage conditions. It is demonstrated that a specially designed PWM converter should be able to minimize the effect of small degree of unbalance and distortion in the input voltage.


The environmental quality problems of construction engineering are endangering the existence and sustainable development of human beings, so their treatment is becoming common understanding of all levels of governments and the public. In this paper, the forming course and affecting factors of environmental quality and main symptoms of its problems are analyzed from the definition of environmental quality in construction engineering. Then, the essence of the problem is revealed, that is comprehensive abilities for quality activities and their results can't meet the regulated requirements. Finally, it expounds five basic characteristics of the problems to enhance people's understanding.


A 96-well, high throughput, colorimetric chemical detection method based on 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH) reaction of the keto-acid to determine the concentration of pyruvate in human sweat samples is presented. This method represents a miniaturization and optimization of the approach developed by Schwimmer and Weston [1] and modified by Sharma and Lee [2] for assessment of pyruvate in food. Parameters were optimized to accommodate small sample sizes and reagent volumes enabling analyte detection in a simple spectrophotometer-96-well-based detection format. High Throughput Chemical Quantification of Pyruvate in Sweat in Response to Modulation by Nutritional Supplementation and Exercise. Biomed BJSTR. MS.ID.005993.


Gifted people's mental health is an unsolved practical and research problem. The article aims to answer the question how psychopathology can become a dominant communication strategy of gifted people. The issues is approached by the analysis of giftedness concepts developed within psychological and sociological approaches.
The life and work of F. Nietzsche is analyzed as a bright example of genius struggling with a psychotic illness. Nietzsche's spiritual quest ended in chaos and emptiness. However the meaning of his illness goes far beyond his own subjectivity. Nietzsche's madness turned out to be a new path, a different existence, and a crucial event which completely changed our idea of good and evil, faith and disbelief.
The philosophic approach to giftedness considers the existential meaning of the appearance of extraordinary people in society and analyzes their life history not only in terms of their subjectivity, but also in the perspective of the influence of their life and work on the subsequent development of society as a whole.


Two Novolac Resins Were Synthesized by the Reaction between Bisphenol A and Benzaldehyde (bis-BENR) or Bisphenol A and P-hydroxybenzaldehyde (bis-PHNR). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Were Applied to Characterize the Molecular Structure of Bis-BENR (or Bis-PHNR). then the Two Novolac Resins Were Used as Curing Agent for Bisphenol A Type Epoxy Resin (DGEBA). the Curing Reaction and Curing Kinetics Were Studied by Dynamic FTIR and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Dynamic FTIR Showed that the Two Novolac Resins Reacted with Epoxy Resins and Formed a Crosslinking Network Structure. DSC Results Show that the Optimum Mass Ratio between DGEBA and Bis-BENR (or Bis-PHNR) Was 7:3, under which the Curing Reaction Processed Completely. the Mechanical Properties and Sulfide Resistance of DGEBA/bis-BENR (or Bis-PHNR) System Were Also Investigated. the Results Showed that when the Mass Ratio between DGEBA and Bis-BENR (or Bis-PHNR) Was 7:3, the Curing Coatings Had Optimum Mechanical Properties and Sulfide Resistance.


The rise in water demand for agriculture, industry, domestic, and environmental needs requires sagacious use of this limited resource. Since agriculture (mainly irrigation) is the major user of water, improving agricultural water management is essential. Efficient agricultural water management requires reliable estimation of crop water requirement (evapotranspiration). Evapotranspiration (ET) is the transfer of water from the soil surface (evaporation) and plants (transpiration) to the atmosphere. ET is a critical component of water balance at plot, field, farm, catchment, basin or global level. From an agricultural point of view, ET determines the amount of water to be applied through artificial means (irrigation). Reliable estimation of ET is important in that it determines the size of canals, pumps, and dams. The use of the terms 'reference evapotranspiration', 'potential evapotranspiration', 'crop evapotranspiration', 'actual evapotranspiration' in this chapter is based on FAO-56 (FAO Irrigation and Drainage publication No 56) (Allen et al., 1998). There are different methods of determining evapotranspiration: direct measurement, indirect methods from weather data and soil water balance. These methods can be generally classified as empirical methods (eg. Thornthwaite, 1948; Blaney and Criddle, 1950) and physical based methods (eg. Penman, 1948; Montheith, 1981 and FAO Penman Montheith (Allen et al., (1998)). They vary in terms of data requirement and accuracy. At present, the FAO Penman Montheith approach is considered as a standard method for ET estimation in agriculture (Allen et al., 1998). A case study from a semiarid region of Australia will be used to demonstrate ET estimation for a canola (Brassica napus L.) crop using soil water balance and crop coefficient approaches. Daily rainfall data, soil moisture measurement data using neutron probe, and AquaCrop (Steduto et al., 2009) -estimated deep percolation below the crop root zone will be used to determine actual evapotranspiration of the crop using soil water balance. Reference evapotranspiration ETo will be determined using FAO ETo calculator (Raes, 2009). Crop canopy cover measured using a handheld GreenSeekerTM and expressed as normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) will be used to interpret evolution of evapotranspiration during the growing season (life cycle) of the canola crop.


The foot-and-mouth disease that afflicts young children and the foot-and-mouth disease that is currently infecting cattle and sheep in Europe share 3 things: a colloquial name, the same family of viruses and a characteristic distribution of vesicles. The human disease is also known as hand, foot and mouth disease, while the cloven-hoofed animal version is also called hoof-and-mouth disease.


A 29 yr old male†, with a secondary posttraumatic deformity of the face (Fig. 1A), presented to the outpatient department of Trauma Surgery & Critical Care, JPNATC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, in November 2016, with complaints of inability to eat and difficulty in speech. A 3D skull image (Fig. 1B) showed missing maxillary alveolus segment. The patient was counselled for reconstruction using iliac crest or free fibula followed by artificial teeth, which would in all take of two years for operative procedures. However, the patient wanted an alternative option to avoid creating another defect site for bone grafting. An innovative virtual surgical plan using digital planning to fabricate a patient-specific implant (Fig. 2) was conceptualized. This involved planning and designing of patient-specific titanium implant with provision to support artificial teeth. The case was unique sufficient soft tissue was used to cover the implant such that with just one surgery (Fig. 3), the patient was rehabilitated in just three months with artificial teeth (Fig. 4). This case was followed Fig. 1. Pre-operative diagnostic images. (A) Clinical picture demonstrating the area of the maxillary defect before surgery. (B) Reconstruction of preoperative 3D skull image to gain a general impression of post traumatic maxillary deficiency (arrows). A B


Henoch-Sch Ö lein purpura nephritis (HSPN) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) are common in children and characterized by IgA deposits in glomeruli. HSPN shows more severe glomerular lesions than IgAN; however, a systematic approach to compare pathological features of both diseases is lacking. The objective of this study was to compare histological parameters, using those from "Oxford Classification of IgA Nephropathy" as well as from active glomerular lesions to distinguish these two entities. Children: A


An object of the present invention can be easily modified for the container, the container containing the developer, a photoreceptor, a process cartridge, and a developing device and a toner collector composite unit and various office equipment or office automation equipment with the size and shape of which contains the toner the part or device that is to provide a packaging material of the gas bag type for packaging. There is provided a gas bag-type package comprising a tubular body and a connecting portion in order to achieve the above object, according to the packaging material, the tubular body and be inflated by the injection of gas inside, the connection portion connecting the tubular body side by side and, a tubular the body is bent and possible to enclose the article to be packed, packing material is formed of a front seat and a substantially flat two sheets made of a rear seat in the internal gas in the tubular body a substantially exhaust state.


: According to road design guidelines, unsignalized intersections should have certain free sight fields to ensure that vehicles approaching from different directions see each other. However, in many cases these sight fields include some obstacles which cause safety concerns. The identification of these obstacles and the planning of appropriate interventions would improve safety. In this article, we present an analysis method suitable for visibility investigation based on a laser scanner survey. We review the methods developed in recent years to select the visible and hidden points of the point cloud. Based on the presented results, we developed a procedure that is consistent with the concept of sight distance used in the field of road design. The survey was taken from an observation point of the drivers on the minor road and the sightlines were projected onto a reference plane along the major road, considering the required sight distance. The projected results appeared as "shadows" from the visibility obstacles on the reference plane. The visibility difficulties detected can be used to decide the appropriate actions to improve the safety of the intersection.


Using the soil-based pre-sidedress nitrate test (PSNT) rather than the yield-goal-based cropping and manure history (CMH) to recommend N for corn (Zea mays L.) frequently results in less N applied. Our objectives were (i) to determine if this reduction in N application substantially reduces the potential for N leaching and (ii) to compare dairy manure and commercial fertilizer as N sources, both within PSNT-based systems. The 4-yr field study included (i) a control (no manure or N fertilizer), and three N fertilizer rates based on (ii) PSNT, no manure added (PSNT-M) ; (iii) cropping and manure history (CMH), no manure added ; and (iv) dairy manure application with additional side-dress N if recommended by the PSNT (PSNT + M). The PSNT - M treatment received 112 kg N ha -1 in 1990 and 123 kg N ha -1 in subsequent years, while the CMH treatment received 168 kg N ha -1 in all 4 yr. Corn yield, N uptake (defined as net aboveground N accumulation), spring and fall soil NO 3 - levels, and overwinter NO 3 -N losses were measured. Silage yields of PSNT+M generally were greatest (average of 16.5 Mg ha -1 ), followed by PSNT-M and CMH treatments, which were similar (14.8 Mg ha -1 ). The CMH system resulted in the highest soil NO 3 -N levels (to 120 cm) at harvest and greatest overwinter net profile NO 3 -N loss (average 66 kg ha -1 ). The results indicate (i) a reduced residual N after harvest and therefore reduced potential for N leaching when using the PSNT for N recommendations and (ii) similar or higher yields using manure compared with commercial fertilizer.


Laser treatment of tissues can generate elevated pressures in the kilobar range. This review will provide an overview of the known cellular and biochemical effects of elevated pressure. As an example of pressure effects on enzyme structure/function. I will present results on the effects of high pressure on the stability and activity of the enzyme DNA gyrase. Information will also be provided on the pressure shock response of the bacterium Escherichia coli to abrupt shifts in elevated hydrostatic pressure. Finally, I will describe an unusual group of organisms which have evolved specialized adaptations for life at high pressure. These are the deep-sea barophilic ('pressure loving') bacteria.


High-performance InP/InGaAs double HBTs operating in common-emitter mode with 7.5 W/mm output power density at 10 GHz are reported. A total output power of 600 mW was achieved with five-finger cells having total emitter areas of 176 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. Their f/sub T/ and f/sub max/ values are 74 GHz and 89 GHz, respectively. These cells exhibit small-signal maximum stable power gains of 17 dB and Mason's unilateral power gains of 20 dB at 10 GHz.


Abstract   Enhancing health literacy of children and adolescents is a critical means for health promotion and sustainable development. This is mainly because childhood and adolescence represent key stages for addressing health, social, cognitive, emotional and educational development and influencing health behavior and healthy lifestyles over the life-course. The education sector is particularly important, and schools represent a critical setting to facilitate health literacy teaching and learning, for example in health education classes or whole-of-school approaches. Regarding the question of what makes health literacy so important for children and adolescents these days, there are three key themes and recent developments which amplified the meaning and relevance of health literacy for public health and societies: (i) A globalizing world: Globalization and digitalization change the ways in which health is negotiated and promoted, including that today health information is almost limitlessly accessible in everyday life. (ii) The information overload: The overload of information - a.k.a. infodemic (short for information epidemic) - makes health literacy a critical skill-set in managing the overabundance of information that is available through digital communication channels; while at the same time children and adolescents are increasingly turning to the Internet and social media as sources of health information and for communication about health issues with their peers or social contacts. (iii) The COVID-19 pandemic: The pandemic has once again underlined how important health literacy is not only for understanding public health recommendations, applying health behaviours, avoiding unnecessary risks, and protecting individual, family, and population health, but also to learn about the importance of vaccination, to become knowledgeable and skilled in navigating the infodemic, and to identifying fake news and disinformation about COVID-19. The purpose of this workshop is to bring together five contemporary projects on health literacy from Germany in and with schools that reflect the above issues: (i) A cross-sectional pen-and-paper survey in primary schools on children's health literacy; (ii) A survey on adolescents health literacy; (iii) The development of a toolbox for health literacy interventions in schools; (iv) An intervention for improving adolescent's mental health literacy in schools, (v) A whole school approach and organizational health literacy in schools. Each project will be given ample time to present their findings, which will be followed by Q&A and an open discussion with the audiences. This workshop offers a forum for researchers, practitioners and policymakers interested in school related health literacy and school health promotion. By dialogue and two-way communication, vivid interaction will be ensured, allow building synergies, and facilitate networking and capacity building. Key messages Health literacy contributes to promoting and maintaining child and adolescent health in times of crisis like the COVID19 pandemic. Health literacy needs to be strengthened through investments in the education sector and school health promotion programs.


Autism is one of the neurological disorders that occurs in children. There are many causes of autism, one of which is genetic factors. Therefore, in order to find effective treatments, we need to discover the genes which relate to autism disease. In this paper, we use a computational approach to train a model that can predict new autism-related candidate genes. The methodology combines different data sources such as protein-protein interaction networks, microRNAs (miRNA)-target network and known autism-related genes into an integrated network. The structural properties of this network are represented as a vector dataset and a binary classification problem is formulated. However, because the number of known autism-related genes is very small, we face an imbalance data classification problem. To solve this issue, an under-sampling clustering-based data balancing algorithm has been proposed. Training classifiers with machine learning models such as SVMs, k-NN, and RFs, we obtained results of 1-3% higher in G-mean measures when comparing to cases without using any data balancing strategies. These results implied that our proposed model may contribute to finding new autism-related gene candidates.


Recently, super-resolution (SR) tasks for single hyperspectral images have been extensively investigated and significant progress has been made by introducing advanced deep learning-based methods. However, hyperspectral image SR is still a challenging problem because of the numerous narrow and successive spectral bands of hyperspectral images. Existing methods adopt the group reconstruction mode to avoid the unbearable computational complexity brought by the high spectral dimensionality. Nevertheless, the group data lose the spectral responses in other ranges and preserve the information redundancy caused by continuous and similar spectrograms, thus containing too little information. In this paper, we propose a novel single hyperspectral image SR method named GSSR, which pioneers the exploration of tweaking spectral band sequence to improve the reconstruction effect. Specifically, we design the group shuffle that leverages interval sampling to produce new groups for separating adjacent and extremely similar bands. In this way, each group of data has more varied spectral responses and less redundant information. After the group shuffle, the spectral-spatial feature fusion block is employed to exploit the spectral-spatial features. To compensate for the adjustment of spectral order by the group shuffle, the local spectral continuity constraint module is subsequently appended to constrain the features for ensuring the spectral continuity. Experimental results on both natural and remote sensing hyperspectral images demonstrate that the proposed method achieves the best performance compared to the state-of-the-art methods.


Polish translation of fourth chapter of Fredric Jameson's  The Political Unconsciouss . Narrative as a Socially Symbolic Act (1981). The author analyzes the role of resentment in the novels of George Gissing, poinitng to the process whereby resentment ceases to produce ideological images and forces the reader to grasp the historical and social reality and to acknowledge the class consciousness.


nacular term for the South Island of New Zealand, but is used, the poet explains in a note, 'with a satirical nuance, to refer to the whole country'. There is more to it than that: although New Zealand landscape and people and attitudes feature in many of the poems, Baxter has lost a great deal of his specifically regional intensity and descriptive diffuseness, and there is a suggestion that Pig Island really refers to the human situation. The qualities of environment and person which he describes often point to a universal condition or type, especially in their references to time and to aging. And, more noticeably, there is a moral statement or significance emphatic in many of these new poems. Which does not mean that the old brilliance of construction and allusion is handicapped by what he now has to say:


Surface deformation monitoring in tunnel S2 of the EGNATIA highway S. Karamitsos, I. Kotsis, V. Gikas, A. Alivizatos Treatment of Diffraction Effects Caused by Moutain Ridges R. Klostius, A. Wieser, F.K. Brunner Laser scanning for geotechnical engineering I. Kohousek Automatic Measurement System for Crane Measurement A. Kopáčik, P. Kyrinovič Shallow and Deep Compaction: a View From the Surface I.C. Kroon, B.-L. Nguyen, P.A. Fokker Steering Problems and Solutions During Construction of Roads H. Kuhlmann, H. Heister


The author discusses the identity of people left from Yin period in ancient documents and writings, and holds that those people left from Yin period who were removed to Luoyi were actually aristocrats and most of them were blood relatives of the emperor of the Shang Dynasty.


The invention relates to the anti-viral effect of propolis in relation to the inhibition of replication of polymerase-containing viruses in general. DOLLAR A In particular, the inhibition of HIV virus and its key enzyme reverse transcriptase described by means of propolis on a molecular level. The complete inhibition of enzymatic polymerase activity of HIV-reverse transcriptase is shown in the presence of propolis and crude extract compared to the effect of the reference inhibitor azidothymidine triphosphate (AZT-TP). The inhibitory effect on reverse transcriptase can be up to a dilution of the crude extract 1: observed 35,000th DOLLAR A also describes the inhibition of HIV replication by means of propolis on a cellular level or in cell culture. The complete inhibition of HIV replication in peripheral blood lymphocytes by means of propolis crude extract with non-toxic concentrations: and as to the effect of the reference inhibitor azidothymidine (AZT) is compared (dilution 1 10000). DOLLAR A Due to its molecular and cellular anti-viral effect on polymerase-containing viruses can propolis as crude extract and / or fractions, pure substances or synthetic analogs to treat viral diseases (AIDS, cancer, leukemia, hepatitis, etc.) and to inactivate bio - / gen-technology products in the pharmaceutical cosmetics and food industry are used.


THE Classical Review records and welcomes the issue of the prospectuses of two new periodicals devoted to the promotion of classical studies in the United States. Classical Philology is to be a quarterly journal devoted to research in the languages, literatures, history and life of Classical Antiquity, and to reviews of current publications in these fields. Besides formal articles stating the results of investigations it will include reviews of books and monographs, short contributions and brief discussion of matters of current interest. The names of the editors are Edward Capps (managing editor), F. F. Abbott, C. D. Buck, W. G. Hale, G. L. Hendrickson, Gordon J. Laing, P. Shorey, and F. B. Tarbell. There are also fourteen Association editors and amongst them W. M. Lindsay (St. Andrews), and W. Peterson (Montreal). The first volume will contain 384 pages and the subscription will be $3 to Ajnerican and $3.50 to foreign subscribers. The Classical Journal is to be published under the auspices of the Classical Association of the Middle West and South. I t is to be devoted especially to the interests of teachers of Greek and Latin in school and college. The names of the managing editors are Arthur Fairbanks and Gordon J. Laing, and there are five Associate editors. The contents are to include Editorials, Original Contributions (on topics of general interest), Notes and Discussions, Reports and Summaries, and signed book reviews. The first volume will consist of six parts of thirty-two pages each, subsequent ones of eight parts with the same or a larger number of pages. The price is to be $2 for American and Canadian and $2.25 for 'foreign subscribers. The publishers of both are the University of Chicago Press for America and Mr. D. Nutt for England.


During the financial crisis in the late 1990s, we witnessed the large corporations failing at one moment. It is clear that the debt-dependant size augmentation and duplicate investment, and the failure in fund liquidity adjustment were the greatest causes rather than the long-term strategic advantage. Such fact, however, has led to the introduction of advanced financial techniques and security/management of fund liquidity. In order to propose a method to secure fund liquidity at the construction level, this study considers the documentational/precedent studies on project financing among fund procurement methods. And the fund liquidity status at construction level is investigated domestically/internationally to analyze the fund flow. Finally, the actual data is used to analyze progress rate and sales rate to end with the proposal of the method to secure fund liquidity in the progression of this study.


The utility model relates to an eccentric transmission mechanism for a yarn pressing plate for a warp knitting machine. The eccentric transmission mechanism comprises an eccentric linkage mechanism and a yarn pressing plate connection mechanism. The eccentric linkage mechanism is composed of a first eccentric connecting rod, a first swinging rod, a second connecting rod and a second swinging rod. The first eccentric connecting rod, the first swinging rod, the second connecting rod and the second swinging rod are all arranged on a linkage frame in an oil tank and driven by an eccentric device to perform motion. The yarn pressing plate connection mechanism comprises a main yarn pressing swinging arm, an auxiliary yarn pressing swinging arm and the yarn pressing plate. The main yarn pressing swinging arm is connected with the auxiliary yarn pressing swinging arm via a connection rod. The yarn pressing plate is arranged on a pushing rod and is connected with the auxiliary yarn pressing swinging arm via a yarn pressing connecting rod. Rod bodies of the main yarn pressing swinging arm and the auxiliary yarn pressing swinging arm are rotatably arranged on swinging shafts of a machine frame. The eccentric transmission mechanism for the yarn pressing plate for the warp knitting machine has following beneficial effects: the eccentric transmission mechanism is simple in structure and smooth in transmission; and a requirement for yarn-pressing technology is well satisfied.


The importance of spatial variability in ecology has been recognised from the beginnings of ecology as a science. It has also been virtually ignored in ecological analyses, especially in classical population dynamics models. Recent advances in computational power and remote sensing capabilities have enabled the study of spatial variation at larger scales. I review the development of spatially explicit models over the last several years. The range of approaches and applications is enorrnous, but one clear gap does appear. There are no models that incorporate continuous variation in habitat quality for a species. Many models allow for habitalnon-habitat patches on a range of scales. Some population viability analysis models allow for patches to have different qualities. But no model allows for within patch, between territory variation in habitat quality. It is at this scale that I concentrate my efforts in this thesis. In Chapter 2, I develop a spatially explicit, individual based simulation of two arboreal marsupials, based on data provided by David Lindenmayer of ANU. I calculate a fractal landscape, the height of which represents a "habitat variable". The habitat variable influences either annual survival rates or fecundity. I develop a range ofpossible localised dispersal strategies for juveniles, ranging from a random walk through to a complete habitat selector. Average population size varies inversely with the strength of habitat selection behaviour, contravening intuition about the value of habitat selection behaviour. This effect arises through competition for territorial vacancies leading to increased mortality during juvenile dispersal. Habitat selectors tend to spend more time dispersing because their initial directions of movement take them into regions of the landscape that are more crowded. This is especially true on "smooth" landscapes with low fractal dimensions and little interspersion of good and bad habitat. Wildlife managers often rely on correlations between density or presence/absence and features of the landscape to identify good habitat. In Chapter 3, I sample the landscape model of Chapter 2 with a "Virtual Ecologist" at the home range scale, and subject the resulting data to logistic regression. The habitat quality variable is a good predictor of the presence of the species by standard measures. However, it is not possible to explain all of the variation in territory occupancy by reference to the quality of the habitat. Demographic stochasticity interacts with localised dispersal mechanisms to produce territories that are vacated (by death) and not recolonised immediately. Furthermore, competition for territories means that individuals are often found in poorer quality habitat. The degree of "interspersion" on the landscape is the biggest influence on the quality of the model, with landscapes with a high fractal dimension yielding regression models that are poor predictors. The second conclusion from this work is that a correlation between presence/absence and a habitat variable does not provide information about survival or fecundity rates, but does provide information about the probability that an empty territory of that quality will be reoccupied. Sleepy lizards are the primary host of an ixodid tïck,Aponomma hydrosauri.In chapter 4 I explore 15 years of data on tick abundances donated by Prof. C. M. Bull looking for evidence of density dependent population regulation at multiple spatial scales. Tick populations have increased over the period of the study. There is no evidence of density dependence in the time series. Measurements of engorgement success by larval ticks in the lab does show a decrease with density, but only at densities uncoÍrmon in the field. In Chapter 5 I develop an individual based, spatially explicit simulation of tick populations on sleepy lizards, and consider the impact on population dynamics of introducing spatial and temporal variability at different levels from individual stochasticity up to extrinsic weather and habitat variation. The primary goal is to see if variability at the individual level leads to "emergent", density independent


Windows play a major role in the amount of energy consumption of buildings. This paper studies the effect of window area and shading devices on the energy consumption of office buildings in the climatic condition of Tehran region. Simulation is used for calculating the heating, cooling and lighting energy consumption of office buildings with different window area. The simulated buildings have the same constructional and architectural characteristics and differ only in the window area and the type of shading devices. Comparison of the amount of energy consumption of buildings shows the behaviour of energy consumption of office buildings regarding the window area and shading devices.


Rice, the most staple food crop of the world has been cultivated about 157 million hectares of land (FAO, 2008). Irrigated rice ecosystem contributes 75% of global rice production. Growing rice using conventional irrigation (continuous flooding) requires a tremendous amount of water. The high water demand of irrigated lowland rice mainly arises from keeping the field continuously submerged. There is decreasing trend in water resource availability year by year due to various reasons. The shortage of water resources for rice production has now become an important issue worldwide. It indicates that a reduction in water input without compromising yield and optimization of scarce water in rice production are required. Shallow water management can be one of the alternatives to use water efficiently, achieve good yield and minimize the methane emission from the rice fields. However, information about growth and yield of rice grown under shallow water management are limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate whether shallow water could influence plant growth and yield of irrigated rice under field conditions. Materials and Methods A field experiment was conducted at Yamagata University Experimental Farm, Takasaka, Tsuruoka, Japan in 2009. Two plant spacings – [30*30cm (wider) and 30*15cm (narrow)] and water managements shallow and conventional were practiced .The four treatments were set up as conventional wider (CW), conventional narrow (CN), shallow wider (SW) and shallow narrow (SN). In conventional method, five to six cm water ponding depth was maintained throughout the growing period except for mid season drainage and totally drained out 15 days before the harvest. For shallow water ,ponding water depth of 1-2cm with wetting and drying was done till panicle initiation stage and then 1-2 cm was maintained and totally drained out 30 days before harvesting. Transplanting of 28 days old (3.5leaf age) seedlings of Sasanishiki variety was done on12th May and harvested on 1 st October 2009. The total dry matter & nitrogen (N) uptake by plant was measured at 37, 44, 51, 58, 65, 77, 91 and 122 days after transplanting (DAT). The yield was estimated by both yield components (10hills) and yield examination (50hills).This preliminary experiment was carried without replication. Results and Discussion Comparing with water management practices, aboveground biomass was higher in shallow than conventional. Interestingly, wider spacing of shallow water management showed almost same as to conventional narrow spacing (fig.1).


Piston damage is a frequent problem of engine durability and plays an important role in an engine's performance design. Recently, a large amount of piston erosion has occurred in a series of heavy-duty diesel engines. To investigate the reason for the piston erosion, a study of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) of the combustion process in the cylinder and finite element analysis (FEA) of piston was carried out under different initial temperatures. The results show that when the initial temperature decreases from 380 K to 307 K, the mass of wall-wetting increases by 73%, and the maximum combustion pressure increases from 8.1 MPa to 11 MPa; when the initial temperature decreases from 350 K to 328 K, the highest temperature at the throat of the valve pocket increases by nearly 100 K, doubling the temperature fluctuation; and in the case of 328 K, areas exceeding 700 K are concentrated on the top surface of the piston, and the temperature gradient in the depth direction of the throat position decays rapidly.


This paper presents evidence, in the form of two passages from the Electra, that the editor of Euripides will do well not to resign himself too easily to pointless illogicality or violations of the formal regularities of tragedy or to comfort himself with the idea that illogic and meandering are 'human' touches, while formal incongruities are Euripides' incipient verismo.


Purpose: To evaluate the effects of iDecide on prostate cancer knowledge, informed decision-making self-efficacy, technology use self-efficacy, and intention to engage in informed decision-making among African American men. Design: One-group, pretest/posttest. Setting: Community settings in South Carolina. Participants: African American men, ages 40 years +, without a prior prostate cancer diagnosis (n = 354). Intervention: iDecide, an embodied conversational agent-led, computer-based prostate cancer screening decision aid. Measures: Prostate cancer knowledge, informed decision-making self-efficacy, technology use self-efficacy, and intention to engage in informed decision-making. Analysis: Descriptive statistics, paired t tests, general linear modeling, Spearman correlations. Results: On average, participants experienced significant improvements in their prostate cancer knowledge (P ≤ .001), informed decision-making self-efficacy (P ≤ .001), and technology use self-efficacy (P ≤ .001), postintervention. Additionally, 67% of participants reported an intention to engage in informed decision-making. Conclusion: Given the significant improvements across all measures, this research demonstrates that embodied conversational agent-led decision aids can be used to enhance the capacity for making informed prostate cancer screening decisions among African American men and increase their technology use self-efficacy. One critical limitation of this study is that most men had received prostate cancer screening prior to engaging in our intervention, so the implications of this intervention may be different for men who do not have a history of screening. Additionally, actual engagement in informed decision-making postintervention was not assessed.


The uptake of tritium-labeled decamethonium by denervated muscle (8-14 days) in rats and guinea pigs was considerably greater than in controls, both in vivo and in vitro , and in the extrajunctional region of the muscle the radioactivity approached that at the end-plate. Tubocurarine reduced the uptake of labeled decamethonium in normal and in denervated muscles, and also in denervated muscles which had been depolarized by immersion in a solution which contained potassium methyl sulfate. In acutely denervated muscles the uptake of decamethonium was reduced in vivo as compared with the opposite hemidiaphragm which was able to contract.