The improvement of the quality of Medicago sativa L.and the reducement its yield is always contacted together,in order to ensure quality with high yield and maximize the output value of alfalfa,on the basement of the need of cows nutrition this experiment take the three indexes which are the accumulative yield of digestible dry matter,cumulative yield of crude protein and cumulative yield of the net energy to judge the best harvest-time of alfalfa.


Following Gayatri Spivak's Controversial essay, "can the subaltern Speak?" a host of debates have come to the fore as regards whether or not the subaltern voice can speak at all, especially after the era of independence. Of course, Spivak has her reasons to answer the question she raises in the negative, but other writers (I take the example of Moroccans) have proven that they can speak and they actually have spoken in their writings though the means whereby the speech is conducted is Western. In this sense, my contribution addresses the question of the subaltern voice in some post-colonial literary works, especially of the Moroccans, and the extent to which this voice is able or abled to speak. This is seen into especially through the content of what the subaltern voice says and the literary techniques employed in speaking its mind.


Distnbut~on, maturation and spawning of Japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus in relation to the Kuroshio current are reported from an investigation off southern Kyushu and Shikoku, southwestern Japan, during the 1991 spawning season. Data were obtained from hydroacoustic surveys, measurement of gonadosomatic index and histological examination of oocyte maturity stage. Sardine shoals were distributed in both the coastal and the Kuroshio regions, but the maturity data showed a difference in spawning activity between the regions. Spawning activity was higher in the Kuroshio region than in the inshore region Spawning was concentrated within a short period of about 10 d in early March, although detectable In February and March Sardlne shoals did not occur In the Kuroshio region, except in early March. It was suggested that sardine were aggregated In inshore regions before spawnlng and that most of them moved offshore into the Kuroshio region to spawn and returned inshore after spawning.


YUAN Shikai was a debatable man in modern times of China.Since reform and open time of China,the scholars of history field at home have quite vividly discussed him.The debated point about him involves many aspects.For recent years there are quite many research results concerned the relation between him and China's modernization,which have certain possessive meaning about correctly evaluating a historic man and understanding the development of society.


This invention relates to acrylonitrile containing poly meric yarn or filaments having deep dye penetration and high shrinkage characteristics. More particularly, it re lates to a rapidly effective dyeing of the yarn or filaments with a high, controlled shrinkage by first dyeing and shrinking the acrylonitrile container polymeric yarn or filaments in a heated aqueous bath containing alkylene carbonate and then drawing to improve their physical properties whereby subsequent heat treatment after knit ting or weaving shrinks the dyed yarn or filaments to substantially their original length. In the manufacturing of high bulk yarn, pile fabrics, made by weaving or knitting, and the like where the fila ments must undergo a controlled shrinkage to produce various effects such as bulking of the yarn or thickening of the pile, it is necessary that the filaments or a part of the filaments used be capable of a high controlled shrinkage after the filaments have been drawn to improve their physical properties. Also, it is necessary to have stable coloration of the filaments before usage. Acrylo nitrile containing polymeric yarn or filaments used in the manufacture of bulk yarns or pile fabrics exhibit only limited shrinkage after being drawn. This lack of high filament shrinkage decreases the quality of the bulk yarn, pile fabric and like material made from the drawn filaments. Commercial drawing of the filaments is accomplished by heating the filaments to a temperature of 220 F. to 320 F. and then mechanically stretching the filaments while in heated condition. Substantially oriented acrylo nitrile containing filaments, such as Orlon 42 (DuPont), can be effectively drawn up to about 30 percent and when heated in a relaxed state will shrink to their original length. If the filaments are drawn beyond 30 percent, subsequent relaxation and heating will produce only a shrinkage of about 30 percent. Thus, by using conven tional methods of drawing and shrinking a 30 percent shrinkage is all that can be achieved regardless of the amount of drawing of the filaments. Where unoriented acrylonitrile containing polymeric filaments such as Orlon L-7 (DuPont) are drawn, the filaments become brittle and at high point of stretch (less than 30 percent) break thus making it difficult to obtain a high shrinkage. These and other disadvantages are overcome by first immersing acrylonitrile containing polymeric filaments in a heated aqueous bath containing alkylene carbonates and a dye stuff where initial shrinkage and drying takes place and then drawing the filaments either in the bath or immediately thereafter. Filaments treated by the proc ess of this invention produce dyed filaments having a high, controlled shrinkage which will shrink when heated in a relaxed condition to substantially the degree drawn. Thus, by controlling the degree of drawing, a predeter a mined controlled shrinkage can be produced. By the use of the process of this invention, substantial ly oriented acrylic filaments, such as Orlon type 42, can be drawn beyond 50 percent and dyed and then shrunk to their original length when heat treated in a relaxed condition. Orlon L-7, which is difficult to draw under normal condi tions because of its brittle structure can be successfully drawn beyond 60 percent and dyed, with subsequent shrinkage to original length when heated in a relaxed condition. 10


J. M. Aran, I. Pastan, and M. Gottesman, Therapeutic Strategies Involving the Multidrug Resistance Phenotype: The MDRI Gene as a Target, Chemoprotectant and Selectable Marker in Gene Therapy. R. G. O'Neil and M. I. N. Zhang, The Diversity of Calcium Channels and Their Regulation in Epithelial Cells. M. Kibbe, T. Billiar, and E. Tzeng, Gene Therapy and Vascular Disease. D. J. Tyrell, A. P. Horne, K. R. Holme, J. M. H. Preuss, and C. P. Page, Heparin in Inflammation: Potential Therapeutic Applications Beyond Anticoagulation. A. P. Morris, The Regulation of Epithelial Cell cAMP- and Calcium-dependent Chloride Channels. W. T. Clusin and M. E. Anderson, Calcium Channel Blockers: Current Controversies and Basic Mechanisms of Action. K. K. Wu, Antithrombotic Agents. S. Schultz, Regulation of Potassium Channels in Sodium Absorbing Epithelial Cells.


Since the late 1960s, leading scholars have called for a greater emphasis on diversity and social equity in public affairs programs. For years, they have documented that even nationally prominent programs fail to fully prepare their students to serve diverse constituent publics. They have urged public affairs programs to engage in reflective self-study to determine curricular gaps and opportunities for improvement. In response to this discussion, a prominent school in the northeast (hereinafter "Large Urban") undertook a triangulated self-study to determine the level of diversity content in its curriculum. The mixed methods investigation yielded quantitative and qualitative analyses of course descriptions and undergraduate and graduate syllabi, survey responses from nearly 300 undergraduate and graduate students, and informal, semi-structured interview data from a small group of self-selecting faculty members. The study revealed that some diversity topics were prominently featured across the curriculum (e.g., socioeconomic class), while others (e.g., sexual orientation) were nearly absent. The findings reflected the strengths of the school's faculty, but also suggested potential avenues for new faculty hiring, professional development, and course improvement. More important, the project revealed the benefits of a studentled programmatic self-study. This article recounts that process and its results, describing a cost-effective and heuristic model for curricular self-assessment.


In Mycenaean dialect there are traces of survival of H from s with consonantal function. This paper attest also the traces of H with consonantal function in Homeric poetry, corroborating in this way, from a linguistic point of view, the theory that Homeric poetry is rooted in Mycenaean or pre-Mycenaean times, at least in certain formulae.


Phase−space density granulations called clumps are simulated by computer experiments. The experimental results compare well with the theoretical predictions. In particular, we show that these clumps can be as large as the linear response. The criteria for steady−state clump turbulence are also examined numerically.


The millimeter-wave radar has become an important sensor for environmental awareness in the field of autonomous driving. With the increasing number of radar-equipped vehicles in dense traffic environments, the problem of mutual interference is inevitable. In this paper, we propose an automotive millimeter-wave radar interference mitigation method based on bidirectional gate recurrent unit (BiGRU) with residual connection. The proposed method could eliminate the interference in the time domain and improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the signal. Compared with wavelet de noising and normal RNNs, our method shows better performance, which demonstrate the potential of the residual-BiGRU-based model in interference mitigation.


It is difficult for conventional mesh based method to simulate the liquid jet flow with large deformation,such as the breaking and shattering.The meshless moving particle semi-implicit method was introduced to calculate the complex unsteady flow of cylindrical liquid jet in this paper.Continuous inlet flow model was established based on the inlet velocity boundary condition,three kinds of typical jet flow as jet-wall flow,anti gravity jet flow and jets collision flow were modelled and simulated,the character flow phenomenon of them were qualitatively analyzed.The results show that the meshless moving particle method could capture the large deformation of those kinds of jet flows and considered to be a new numerical method to correlation studies.


Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and radiological results of arthroscopic tuberoplasty for irreparable massive rotator cuff tears. Materials and Methods: Eleven patients underwent arthroscopic tuberoplasty for irreparable massive rotator cuff tears between December 2004 and April 2007. The mean follow-up period was 17.3 months, and the average age at the time of surgery was 61.7-year-old. Five cases underwent arthroscopic tuberoplasty and 6 cases had arthroscopic subacromial decompression and tuberoplasty, simultaneously. Results: The average Constant score improved from 61.8 to 86.9 and the average UCLA score changed from 14.8 to 31.8 with 6 excellent, 3 good and 2 poor results (p=0.003). The active forward flexion improved from 111.8° to 154.1° (p=0.011). The acromiohumeral interval increased from 3.94 mm preoperatively to 4.22 mm postoperatively (p=0.12). In the poor UCLA score group, the acromiohumeral interval changed from 1.67 mm preoperatively to 0.94 mm postoperatively. Conclusion: Arthroscopic tuberoplasty may be a second option to relieve the pain of irreparable massive rotator cuff tears and improve the range of motion. However, good results could not be expected if the acromiohumeral interval is < 2 mm preoperatively and decreased postoperatively.


The Influence Of Working Capital and Liquidity To Profitability At Textile And Garment Company At Indonesia Stock Exchage Year 2011-2013.
Ellin Tri Utami, 2015 (xiv + 53 pages)
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com

The final report entitled "The Influence o Working Capital and liquidity to profitability at textile and garment Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) In Year 2011-2013". This research aims to know the influence of Working Capital and Liquidity To Profitability. The variables used in this reseacrh is Working Capital and Liquidity rasio as the independent variable and profitability as the dependent variable. Working Capital is measured by Working Capital Turnover (X1) and liquidity are measured by debt to Current Ratio (X2) and profitability ratio is measured by Return on Investment (Y). The data used are secondary data from the financial statement of textile and garment Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) In Period 2011-2013.


villages are the particular outcome of the China urbanization and now they become the obstructions for the urban development. Many studies have been made concerning the problems in the village and propose some village renewal patterns. However most of them were in a dilemma due to the huge corresponding compensation and villagers' unwillingness. In this article, after in-depth reviewing the specific phenomenon of renting in the village and taking account of the puzzle of Low-rent housing constructions in today's China, the Low-rent housing oriented village renewal pattern was proposed as the effective way to advance the urban renewal and national Low-rent housing program. Moreover, the viability and dynamic mechanism of this urban renewal pattern are discussed and the " Admittance " , " Cooperation " and " Centralization " are suggest take as the key points for the implementation of this idea.


The aim of the present study was to determine whether the addition of nurse case managers (NCMs) trained in motivational interviewing (MI) to usual care would result in improved outcomes in high‐risk type 2 diabetes patients.


Extraction of the original text from historical document images is very important in the preservation of cultural heritage. In recent decades, many image processing techniques have been developed to separate the main text from the document image background, most of which are based on grayscale treatment. In this paper, we propose a new text extraction method designed for multi-spectral document images (MSDI), based on a combination of two classifiers, one statistical and the other geometric. Our main contribution is the novel technique involving feature extraction and classifier weighting in the context of MSDI. The results, which are compared to two binarization methods, are promising.


The invention belongs to the technical field of specialty health wine product preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a brown rice phellinus wine. The method comprises the following steps: brown rice is used as a main raw material to prepare a strong brown rice wine, and a phellinus mycelium with high quality and low cost is prepared by a conventional method, and then is soaked into the strong brown rice wine for brewing so as to finally prepare the brown rice phellinus wine. According to the method, the brown rice and the phellinus mycelium are organically combined, and are both rich in nutrients and high in medicinal value, so that the prepared wine product is relatively comprehensive and reasonable in nutritional ingredients, relatively remarkable in health-care and treatment effects, moreover, very good for physical health, suitable for men and women, low in manufacturing cost and excellent in market prospect.


Copolyesters are one of the most significant classes of polymers with repeating carboxylate group in their backbone. A novel random copolyester was synthesized using 1,4-dihydroxy naphthalene, quinol with phthaloyl chloride as dissimilar diols and diacid chloride monomers. The obtained polymers were characterized by ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimeter. The surface morphology and crystalline nature of the polymers were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and polarizing optical microscope. From the above, all details the synthesized polyesters are novel to possess the nature of liquid crystalline. Results of the exploration revealed that the innovative entries of copolymer were recommended into the set of liquid crystalline copolymers.


The article provides an analysis of many years of theoretical and practical research in the field of foreign language teachers' professional training. Special attention is drawn to the importance of not only the foreign language teacher methodological training but also to his value orientations that are necessary in the professional sphere. The issue of the axiological component of education is covered up from the point of view of primary foreign language education goals which should be reflected not only in the foreign language acquisition process by preschool and primary school age children but also in the qualitative training of teachers who are able to form a child's moral values, personal qualities and ability to communicate in a foreign language as a phenomenon of culture and as a knowledge tool of his surroundings.


2-Aminoalkanesulfonic acids have been synthesized by a three-component alkene/SO3·DMF/acetonitrile reaction, followed by hydrolysis. Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added to the amino-sulfonation mixture to accelerate the reaction and prevent the competitive formation of by-products. The reported two-step procedure provided a concise and versatile approach to new analogues of the natural amino acid taurine. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)


This study was designed to explore the effect of the xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor allopurinol on cardiomyocyte apoptosis after myocardial infarction (MI) in a rat model.


Satellite Earth observation data in the visible and near-infrared (VNIR) wavelengths represent a useful source of information for forest systems monitoring through derived biogeophysical parameters (vegetation index, leaf area index, canopy cover, fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation, chlorophyll content, net primary production, canopy water stress, etc.). Use of satellite remote sensing data to assess forest spatio-temporal changes due to climatic or anthropogenic stressors is an excellent example of the value of multispectral and multitemporal observations. Fusion technique was applied to time-series multispectral and multitemporal satellite imagery (NOAA AVHRR, MODIS Terra/Aqua, Landsat ETM and IKONOS satellite data) for periurban forest areas Cernica-Branesti, placed in the neighboring of Bucharest town, Romania, over 2002-2014 period.


A totally new technique of surface modification—thermal surface-alloying treatment for pure copper—was developed. A 0.2–1.8 mm copper alloy layer, which has a hardness 4 to 5 times higher than the pure copper substrate, was formed after the treatment. The significance of this technique is that the surface of pure copper can be efficiently hardened without significant reduction of the overall thermal and electrical conductivity. Variations of composition and microstructure in the alloy layer were studied after pure copper was surface alloy treated with aluminum.


We study the Multi-Depot Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem (MDMTSP), which is a variant of the very well-known Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). In the MDMTSP an unlimited number of salesmen have to visit a set of customers using routes that can be based on a subset of available depots. The MDMTSP is an NPhard problem because it includes the TSP as a particular case when there is only one depot and the distances satisfy the triangular inequality. The problem has some real applications and is closely related to other important multi-depot routing problems, like the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem and the Location Routing Problem. We present an integer linear formulation for the MDMTSP and strengthen it with the introduction of several families of valid inequalities. Certain facet-inducing inequalities for the TSP polyhedron can be used to derive facet-inducing inequalities for the MDMTSP. Furthermore, several inequalities that are specific to the MDMTSP are also studied and proved to be facet-inducing.


As the size of pharmacological research organizations is getting bigger, it is ever more critical to grasp the entire R&D scene as a vivid image, because a lack of such an image makes it hard to understand a project as a whole and thus to make high-level decisions. We provide one prototype of such a kind so that all the researchers of a project can intuitively share the current situation, recognize the bottlenecks, and collaborate with one another to resolve the problems. Our approach is to exploit the faculty of human vision, especially spatial perception and memory, by defining the axes of information space to be commensurable and interpolatable, making shapes of the process and data on those axes, and providing referential cues in the space.


In this paper, we demonstrate an experimental study on the use of visible light communications (VLC) for downhole gas pipeline telemetry/monitoring systems. To emulate real field conditions, an experimental setup is created, which consists of a carbon steel coated gas pipeline, a receiving detector, and a transmitting light source such that the medium possesses properties of nitrogen gas. The performance of a VLC system employing an asymmetrically clipped optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation technique is practically tested by taking channel estimation and synchronization into account. The implementation is tested for a quadrature phase-shift keying modulation technique with a sampling rate of 2 Mbps. The channel impulse response is presented along with a proposed path-loss model. As a performance metric, the system's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) against bit-error-rate (BER) behavior is investigated for nitrogen gas at atmospheric pressure. The results of the free-space air medium are also included as a benchmark.


We developed multi‐branched π‐conjugated systems using squaraine dyes with triphenylamine cores connected by ethynylene linkers. We investigated the influence of interbranch coupling between squaraine branches on their one‐photon (OPA) and two‐photon absorption (TPA) properties. These dyes with triphenylamine components showed a red‐shifted one‐photon absorption (OPA) compared to the precursor squaraine dyes. The absorption intensity increased with the number of chromophores, without any discernible splitting or shift in the absorption maxima, suggesting weak exciton coupling between squaraine branches, supported by DFT calculations. The present squaraine dyes with triphenylamine cores exhibited a moderate TPA compared to the precursor squaraine without the triphenylamine core, due to the extended π‐conjugation. Notably, both the 3‐branched and 2‐branched dyes demonstrated additional enhancement in the TPA response, surpassing that of the monochromophoric counterpart. This resulted in achieving a substantial TPA cross section of up to 3905 GM at 830 nm.


With bovine serum albumin added stabilizing agent,the solid phase reaction of CdSO.48H2O,thiourea and NaOH at room temperature achieves CdS.The particles are characterized by XRD(X-ray Diffraction),TEM(transmission electron microscopy)AFM(atomic force microscopy),indicating that the CdS exist in monodisperse cubic spherical nanoparticles,further,the amount of bovine serum albumin and the different addition affect the size,distribution and dispersion degree of the particles.The added bovine serum albumin increasing,the particles are getting samller and its diameters are well distributed with higher dispersion degree.Grinding bovine serum albumin into reactant is in favor of particles' distributing more evenly than that in water phase.


The digital divide has been an important academic distress over the last twenty years.
While the first generation of studies of the digital divide focused only on physical and
material Internet access, recent research has considered the importance of skills and
usage gaps. Although Western literature has moved in this direction, in developing
countries such as Cuba, inequalities of access are still visible. Therefore, this study
seeks to bring to light meaningful insights of the first and second level of digital divide,
as well as the socio-demographic factors that influence the digital divide in a country
with the most restricting media environments in the world. Online and offline surveys
were conducted over a period of four weeks in June 2016. The target group of this
study was young people with at least six months of Internet experience both from
inside and outside the capital. A total of 106 surveys were analysed. Results show that
although a small number of Cubans have access to Internet at work, access limitations
greatly restrict Cubans' Internet use. This study shows that Cubans access to the
Internet mainly through desktops, have a positive attitude towards Internet and use the
Internet for social and networking purposes. One of the biggest contributions to the
Digital divide field is that Cubans use the Internet for the same purposes no matter the
educational level and gender. Low and high-educated people use the Internet for the
same reasons. Likewise, women and men have the same Internet skills, opposite to
what is observed in research. Other important contribution is that this research serves
as baseline-work for those who are interested in engaging more directly with Cuba.
Future research needs to move beyond the study of access to the Internet to track the
benefits of the Internet, the type of content consumed and the social exclusion. The
general conclusion is that Cuba will rapid adopt the Internet, if access restrictions are
raised.


The present invention relates to a method for efficiently mass extracting lycopene, which is an oil-soluble carotenoid compound, from a plant containing lycopene and, specifically, to a method for efficiently extracting lycopene by dehydrating a plant containing lycopene such that the plant contains suitable water content, and then forcibly mixing and infiltrating a nonpolar organic solvent thereinto. The extraction method of the present invention forcibly mixes a nonpolar organic solvent with fruit pulp meal tissue such that the nonpolar organic solvent can be infiltrated into the cellulose of the tissue, thereby being capable of maximizing the extraction efficiency of lycopene. In addition, the extraction method of the present invention can control the water content to be at the level capable of blocking contact with oxygen in the air through a dehydration step by means of an alcohol, thereby maximizing the breakage of lycopene caused by oxidation during a concentration step.


This paper describes hardware and software architectures for a receiver that was built to demonstrate direct bandpass sampling for real-time demodulation of short-pulse UWB signals.


Abstract Foliage loss and possum browsing were scored separately on 1475 southern rata trees and seedlings in three neighbouring study areas in central Westland which had different histories of possum occupation. As the time of possum occupation increased, foliage loss from individual trees and the numbers of trees showing such losses increased sharply in most stands. Dead and dying trees (>75% foliage loss) were scattered in a salt-and-pepper pattern among healthier trees. Basal area of dead and dying trees constituted from 1.5% (5 years' possum colonisation) to 32% (20 years' possum occupation) of the total. Foliage loss occurred over all altitudes and sites sampled, but in one area foliage loss on sites with exposed physiography or with seral vegetation was significantly greater than on other sites. In all areas foliage loss increased with increasing tree diameter and was least from small rata trees in even-sized stands. Foliage loss was also greater in the canopy than in the sub-canopy. Possum browsin...


Martensitic and magnetic properties of Fe–Mn–Ga single and polycrystalline alloys were investigated. It was found that Fe–Mn–Ga alloys exhibit martensitic transformation from the paramagnetic L21 Heusler parent phase to the ferromagnetic L10 martensite phase. The martensitic transformation temperatures increased by about 20 K by the application of a magnetic field of 7 T, and a metamagnetic phase transition was observed. In addition, a magnetic field-induced strain of 0.6% associated with magnetic field-induced forward transformation was confirmed in an Fe43Mn28Ga29 single crystal.


STRUCTURAL DEPENDENCY THEORY has fast gained recognition as an alternative way to explain the current phase of underdevelopment in the L.D.Cs. Broadly the theory applies to the relationship between the rich and the poor nations of the world. It describes the dynamic on-going processes that create the conditions under which the centre nations are able to progressively exploit the periphery nations. Invariably what emerges is a dependent relationship which manifests various stages of transformations: colonialism, neocolonialism and currently the domination by multi-nationals. The theory expresses frustration with the absence of a trickle down of the benefits from increases in G.N.P. as the development of an international complex of trading, financial and political relationships continues to deprive the periphery of the means to attain sustained economic growth. In this paper we wish to examine the economic realities of Nigeria in the light of the claims of the dependency theory. As an L.D.C. country, Nigeria is


Technologies needed for constructing ULTIMATE, including an 8-ps-resolution timing generator, a formatter with a real-time waveform control function, a 2.5-ps-resolution standard comparator, and a miniaturized 3-GHz 59-pole channel selector are described. Almost all the pin-electronics hardware has been integrated on twelve kinds of LSIs, eight of which are 2.5 K-gate and 400-gate ultrahigh-speed bipolar gate arrays. ULTIMATE realizes +or-55-ps overall timing accuracy by the timing calibration method which combines a standard comparator-based method and a TDR (time-domain reflectometry)-based method.<<ETX>>


The value of the vocational education curriculum has different divisory criterion.Social value and individual value are two basic criterions.The expressions of social value of the vocational education curriculum exist in three aspects:inheriting the vocational culture(cultural aspect),supporting the social division of labor(political aspect),promoting the economic development(economic aspect).The essential aspect of individual value of the vocational education curriculum are to:seek individual's existence,development and life experience.Social value and individual value are not in conflict.On the contrary,the inside of them shows purposiveness and worthwhileness.Thus,the modern vocational curriculum should pursue the value of integration.


We compare the fundamental electric properties of Cu-poor and Cu-rich Cu(In,Ga)S2 films before and after annealing, respectively. It has been found that the hole density of Cu-poor films increases after annealing in a O2+S combined atmosphere, whereas annealing in S only does not produce a significant effect. We conclude that the oxygen is effective for the passivation of donor-type defects in the Cu-poor Cu(In,Ga)S2 films. In the case of Cu-rich films, the hole density also increases with O2+S-annealing. However, annealing in sulphur atmosphere (no oxygen gas) in this case has comparable consequences. These observations suggest fundamental differences in the incorporation mechanisms of oxygen and sulphur in both types of the film. A tentative model is presented, taking into account results from micro-structural characterization of the films. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


In recent years, preclinical and basic science efforts have resulted in significant advances in developing and testing novel preclinical models and assessing potential therapeutic agents. Many of these attempts have focused on neuroprotective strategies. The concept of neuroprotection is based on the assumption that neurodegenerative processes associated with disease and/or aging can be slowed, halted, or even reversed by therapeutic intervention. Common targets for neuroprotection include increased levels in oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, inflammatory processes, and protein aggregation.


Summary

1
Breeding birds, vegetation and moorland management were surveyed in 320 1-km squares on 122 estates in upland areas of eastern Scotland and northern England where red grouse shooting is a widespread land use. We assessed whether population densities of 11 species of breeding birds differed between heather-dominated moorland managed for red grouse shooting and other moorland with similar vegetation.

2
We classified estates that had a full-time equivalent moorland gamekeeper as grouse moors. The mean density of red grouse shot per year was four times higher and the mean density of gamekeepers was three times higher on grouse moors than on other moors. Rotational burning of ground vegetation covered a 34% larger area on grouse moors than on other moors.

3
Selection of heather-dominated squares resulted in similar composition of vegetation on grouse moors and other moors (about 76% heath, 12% grass, 8% bog, 2% flush and < 1% bracken on both types). However, grouse moors tended to have less tall vegetation than other moors and differed significantly in some other characteristics of the vegetation, topography and soil type.

4
Densities of breeding golden plover and lapwing were five times higher and those of red grouse and curlew twice as high on grouse moors as on other moors, while meadow pipit, skylark, whinchat and carrion/hooded crow were 1·5, 2·3, 3·9 and 3·1 times less abundant, respectively, on grouse moors. The differences in density between moorland types remained significant (P < 0·001) for golden plover and crow and approached significance (P < 0·10) for lapwing and meadow pipit after allowing for variation among regions.

5
We used Poisson regression models to relate bird density to vegetation cover, topography, climate and soil type. After adjusting for significant effects of these habitat variables, significant differences in bird density between the two moorland types remained for six species, although their magnitude was reduced.

6
Correlations of adjusted bird density with measures of different aspects of grouse moor management provided evidence of a possible positive influence of predator control (assessed using crow density) on red grouse, golden plover and lapwing. The control of crows by gamekeepers is the most probable cause of the low densities of crows on grouse moors. There was evidence of a positive effect of heather burning on the density of red grouse and golden plover and a negative effect on meadow pipit. Multiple Poisson regression indicated that predator control and heather burning had significant separate effects on red grouse density. Significant relationships between adjusted breeding bird densities and the abundance of raptors and ravens were few and predominantly positive.

7
The results provide correlative evidence that moorland management benefits some breeding bird species and disbenefits others in ways that cannot readily be explained as effects of differences in vegetation type or topography. However, experimental manipulations of numbers of some predators and heather burning are required to test these findings.


A method for optimally shifting the imaginary parts of the open-loop poles of a multivariable control system to the desirable closed-loop locations is presented. The optimal solution with respect to a quadratic performance index is obtained by solving a linear matrix Lyapunov equation.


Background: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), which is a worldwide clinical problem, is associated with high morbidity and mortality, as well as long-term survival of infected immunocompetent patients. In this study, the PPD-induced production of IL-12, IL-10, IFNγ, and IL-4 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with MDR-TB were investigated and compared with cytokine production capabilities in newly diagnosed, treated cases. Materials and Methods: This study investigated the profiles of IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-10, and IL-4 in response to a purified protein derivative (PPD) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 15 HIV negative patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), 11 newly diagnosed, treated cases and compared those with 10 healthy negative tuberculin reactors as controls. Results: ELISA results showed that the following stimulation with PPD, IFNγ production was significantly increased, whereas IL-10 was significantly reduced in MDR-TB patients compared with PPD negative controls. Production of IL-12 in MDR-TB patients showed elevation, induced by PPD stimulation of their PBMCs. However, MDR-TB patients were similar to healthy negative tuberculin controls in their IL-12 production and there was no statistically significant difference between them. IL-4 was detected to be in very low levels in three groups. Conclusion: In this study MDR-TB patients have no dysregulation in IL-12 or IL-10 production during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, and profiles are prone to Th1 cytokines. (Tanaffos 2004; 3(10): 25-31)


"as long as the game is not a game of perfect information, the advantage will be with the player who has knowledge and can obtain information. By definition this is the case with a student in a learning situation. But in games of perfect information, the best performativity cannot consist in obtaining additional information in this way. It comes rather from arranging the data in a new way, which is what constitutes a 'move,' properly speaking. this new arrangement is usually achieved by connecting together series of data that were previously held to be independent. this capacity to articulate what used to be separate can be called imagination." (lyotard 1984:51)


This study investigates the impact of Performance-Based Bonus (PBB) in incentivizing the work performance of public-school teachers in the Philippine educational bureaucracy. Using a cross-sectional design, a survey was administered to public school teachers and personnel in 10 selected schools in the Cagayan Valley region, Philippines. The mechanism of incentivizing work performance is found efficient in increasing work productivity. The interplay of top-down and bottom-up management approaches is paramount in the planning and realization of the agency's PBB key result areas. However, there are perceived issues that the PBB scheme needs further clarification and improvement in its implementation. Regardless of how they may feel about the practical difficulties in the PBB implementation, it serves its purpose as a strong incentivizing scheme for employees to perform, which has a good effect on work productivity.


Although facing with sophisticated situations,the university safety administration is of great significance.In order to do well in the university safety administration,particularly of collage students,it is necessary to put prevention first,strengthen college students' safety education,enhance their safety awareness and improve thier selfprotective ability. Meanwhile,universities are expected to take the construction of campus safety administration system as starting point,choose ideological and political education as breakthrough point,and carry out multi-layer and diversified activities as carriers so as to further enhance the safety education for collage students. Besides,the safety administration department should plan and organize its safety education activities following a train of thought based on the subject of"seriation and branding","point-line-plane and multi-level"and"positive interaction and harmonious development",thus increasing the actual effect of safety education for collage students.


We study homogenized dynamics of a class of multi-dimensional generalized Langevin systems and functionals along their trajectory in various limiting situations corresponding to different level of coarse graining. These are the situations where one or more of the inertial time scale(s), the memory time scale(s) and the noise correlation time scale(s) of the system are taken to zero. We find that, unless one restricts to special situations evoking symmetry, it is generally not possible to express the effective evolution of these functionals solely in terms of trajectory of the effective process describing the system dynamics via the Stratonovich convention. In fact, an anomalous term is often needed for a complete description, implying that convergence of these functionals needs more information than simply the limit of the dynamical process. We trace the origin of such impossibility to area anomaly, thereby linking symmetry breaking and area anomaly, and discuss its consequences for nonequilibrium systems. Moreover, our convergence results hold in a strong pathwise sense.


and ripen to a scarlet red (lL12) (Maerz and Paul, 1950). They also have small calyx and blossom-end scars compared with those of 'Floradade' and separate easily from the vine. 'Arcadia' is a strongly determinate bush-type and is suitable only for ground production. Leaf cover is good, and the small plant is easy to manage and harvest. 'Arcadia' fruit mature early and, in replicated trials (Table 1), the average time from transplanting to first picking was 95 days compared with 106 days for 'Floradade'. 'Arcadia' fruit are small to medium (Table 1), have smooth skin, and are oblate to round (Fig. 1). 'Goulburn' bushes also are determinate and are best suited for ground production, but they may grow to 1.2 m high in a trellis system. Foliage cover is heavy and fruit are medium, smooth, and round (Fig. 2). Time from transplanting to first pick averaged 99 days for 'Goulburn'. 1987). Yield, fruit size, and firmness were compared with those of standard commercial cultivars grown in the region (Table 1). Fruit were harvested three times at 2-week intervals. Firmness was measured by the methods of Sumeghy et al. (1983) on fruit picked at breaker maturity stage and stored for 6 days at 20C. Data-on fruit size distribution (Table 1) were subjected to an ordinal data analysis (McCullagh, 1980), which showed 'Arcadia' and 'Floradade' to be significantly smaller than 'Goulburn', which was smaller than 'C33' (P 0.05). Based on mean fruit weight, 'Arcadia' was lighter than 'Goulburn' or 'C33', whereas 'Goulburn' was lighter relative only to 'C33'. 'Arcadia' and 'Goulburn' fruit have excellent holding characteristics and have emerged in good condition after storage at 15C for 4 weeks (unpublished data). The measured firmness and longevity of these cultivars means


Twenty maize varieties and inbred lines were used to determine the effect of weather parameters on the development of Exserohilum turcicum, incitant of northern leaf blight disease in Tanzania. Artificially inoculated field experiments were conducted in Morogoro, Arusha, and Mbeya Regions in 2013 and 2014 in a 15 m² plot size, replicated three times in a randomized complete block design. The disease severity indexes were recorded at weekly interval from 65 days after sowing and subsequently for 5 weeks, while weather reports were obtained from Tanzania Meteorological Agency. Data were subjected to ANOVA, correlation coefficient, and coefficient of determination (R²), while means were separated using LSD (P ≤ 0.05). Results on disease severity index indicated high significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences in the region, year, and interaction between region and year. Rainfall, relative humidity, and temperature significantly favored maize infection by E. turcicum in Mbeya, Arusha, and Morogoro to 76.1%, 58.3%, and 41.8%, respectively. Negative significant (P ≤ 0.05) correlation coefficients were found between minimum temperature and severity index in Morogoro (r = -0.694) and Arusha (r = -0.748) Regions while significantly positive correlation existed between relative humidity and severity index (r = 0.739) in Mbeya Region. Although the weather parameters encouraged prevalence of northern leaf blight disease in all the regions, relative humidity (69%) in Mbeya favored high development of the pathogen, while minimum temperatures encouraged infection in Morogoro (18.6ᵒC) and Arusha (14.2ᵒC) Regions.


The Trojan Horse Method has been applied to many neutron-induced reactions using the deuteron as a virtual source of neutrons, to explore wide energy regions of interest for astrophysics and applied physics and to investigate the suppression of the centrifugal barrier, that is one of the key advantages of this Method. The neutron-induced experimental campaign has already concerned 17O(n, α)14C, 6Li(n,α)3H, 7Be(n,p)7Li, 7Be(n,α)4He, 18F(n,α)15O and 14N(n,p)14C, and very recently 25Mg(n,α)22Ne and 27Al(n,p)27Mg, while others are planned to be measured soon, thus influencing different astrophysical scenarios. Particular attention is dedicated to a new measurement regarding the 10B(n,α)7Li reaction, aimed to disentangle the 7Li ground state contribution from its first excited state to the cross section.


Accurately measuring the lower extremities and L5/S1 moments is important since L5/S1 moments are the principal parameters that measure the risk of musculoskeletal diseases during lifting. In this study, protocol that predicts lower extremities and L5/S1 moments with an insole sensor was proposed to replace the prior methods that have spatial constraints. The protocol is hierarchically composed of a classification model and a regression model to predict joint moments. Additionally, a single LSTM model was developed to compare with proposed protocol. To optimize hyperparameters of the machine learning model and input feature, Bayesian optimization method was adopted. As a result, the proposed protocol showed a relative root mean square error (rRMSE) of 8.06~13.88% while the single LSTM showed 9.30~18.66% rRMSE. This protocol in this research is expected to be a starting point for developing a system for estimating the lower extremity and L5/S1 moment during lifting that can replace the complex prior method and adopted to workplace environments. This novel study has the potential to precisely design a feedback iterative control system of an exoskeleton for the appropriate generation of an actuator torque.


Abstract Afghanistan's cultural heritage has faced extreme challenges over recent decades, experiencing the simultaneous impacts of numerous disasters such as war, the looting of museums, illegal excavations, and deliberate destruction caused by extreme ideological beliefs – the last diminishing not only Afghanistan's but also the world's cultural heritage. However, these incidents and experiences have also provided lessons for the protection of cultural heritage. Despite progress since 2004, the return of the Taliban and their treatment of Afghanistan's cultural heritage during their previous regime have raised growing concerns for the country's cultural heritage and fears of that sad history repeating itself. In this article, we examine the progress made in protecting the rights related to cultural heritage in Afghanistan since the fall of the Taliban in 2001, especially in relation to its protection and safeguarding age. To this end, it examines the basis of the current cultural heritage legislation, the identification and registration of heritage elements, the legal tools for regulating heritage, and how its protection is monitored and evaluated. Addressing the challenges that this process faced, it questions what responsibilities should be placed on the Taliban following their recent return to power.


This work presents ultra small frontend modules (FEMs) for wireless-LAN. Based on LTCC technology, two different fully-integrated FEMs have been built. The first one is a 2.4 GHz FEM for 802.11 b/g. The second is a fully-featured dual-band (2.4 and 5 GHz) FEM for 802.11 a/b/g. The measurements demonstrate superior performance of the modules compared to current discrete solutions. According to the authors' knowledge, the new FEMs are the highest-integrated and smallest-size WLAN frontend circuits reported so far.


In this paper, the core losses that occur in a 4-kVA flux-modulating synchronous machine (SM) (FMSM) are investigated using 2-D finite-element analysis, and the results are supported by experiments. A method for reducing the core losses is also presented. The FMSM is a new type of multipole SM in which the stator field magnetomotive force is modulated by the air-gap permeance to generate the rotating field. A 2pa-pole three-phase armature winding and a 2pf-pole field winding are centrally wound around individual stator teeth, and a reluctance rotor with 2pr (= pa + pf) saliencies is used to provide a magnetic coupling between these windings. As a result of the investigation, it was found that, although the core losses occur in the rotor as well as in the stator, the rotor core loss can be effectively reduced by decreasing the height of the rotor poles.


This paper proposes a novel COTDR based fiber optic cable joint partial discharge monitoring system, which can maintain a detection signal-to-noise ratio of 13.98 dB while being immune to electromagnetic interference.


Abstract Brian O'Mahony, Chief Executive of the Irish Haemophilia Society and President of the European Haemophilia Consortium, tells Jenny Bryan about the special role that nurses play within the haemophilia community


Remaining useful life (RUL) prediction methods for rotating machines have been successfully developed in recent decades. More attention should be paid to predictions with inconsistent data distributions under different conditions. To solve this problem, this article proposes a new RUL prediction method that includes two phases. In the first phase, degradation features are extracted from both the training and testing data sets using probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA). In the second phase, additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) is intentionally injected into the degradation features; thereafter, the features that are mixed with manually injected noise are imported into a bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) network. The AWGN can enhance the robustness of the RUL prediction method and achieve prediction for machines under different conditions. In contrast to most deep learning-based RUL prediction methods, the training samples are intentionally "polluted" by manually injected noise. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using the C-MAPSS lifetime data set for aeroengines and compared with the effectiveness of state-of-the-art approaches.


We obtain a closed expression for the functional determinant of the Dirac operator in two-dimensional QED by confronting results on cluster decomposition with direct fermion integration in the presence of Atiyah-Singer zero modes. The result is shown to be identical with the one obtained from the zeta-function definition and the use of the modified anomaly equation.


Owing to the conflict between stability and fast response,PI controller has limited capabilities to restrain harmonic disturbances and can't guarantee the output performance of TSMC,a new control algorithm using compound controller constituted by repetitive controller and PI controller was developed,and repetitive controller was used to overcome the shortcoming of PI controller in AC harmonic control by modifying the output of PI controller.To reduce the complexity of compound control algorithm,a simplified method which obtains duty ratio directly from control value was proposed based on the analysis of space vector modulation(SVM).Simulation results show good dynamic and steady performance of the compound controller: under unbalanced/distorted and unbalanced load,the total harmonics distorted value of output voltage is less than 1%;when load increases,the regulation time is less than one fundamental period.


Foreword - Lawrence W. Green Preface About the Editors About the Contributors Part I: Foundations Ch.1 Culture, Health Promotion, and Cultural Competency - Robert M. Huff, Michael V. Kline, Darleen V. Peterson Ch.2 Cross-Cultural Concepts of Health and Disease - Robert M. Huff, Soheila Yasharpour Ch.3 The Ethics of Health Promotion Intervention in Culturally Diverse Populations - Aimie F. Kachingwe, Robert M. Huff Ch.4 Models, Theories, and Principles of Health Promotion and Their Use With Multicultural Populations - C. James Frankish, Chris Y. Lovato, Iraj Poureslami Ch.5 Health Disparities in Multicultural Populations: An Overview - Gregory D. Stevens, Michael R. Cousineau, Christina Vane Ch.6 The Cultural Assessment Framework - Robert M. Huff, Michael V. Kline, Diane Visensio Dobbins Ch.7 Planning Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Programs in Multicultural Populations - Michael V. Kline Ch.8 Cross-Cultural Communication and Health Literacy in Multicultural Populations - Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati, N. Tess Boley Cruz Part II: Cultural Overviews Ch.9 Hispanic/Latino Health, Cancer, and Disease: An Overview - Amelie G. Ramirez, Ian M. Thompson Jr. Ch.10 Promoting Health Among Black Americans: An Overview - Joyce W. Hopp, R. Patti Herring Ch.11 Health and Disease of American Indian and Alaska Native Populations in the United States: An Overview - Felicia Schanche Hodge, Christopher Elliott Hodge Ch.12 Asian-American Health and Disease: An Overview - Marjorie Kagawa-Singer, Christine Kho Ch.13 Pacific Islander Health and Disease: An Overview - Paula Healani Palmer Ch.14 Promoting Health in Arab-American Populations - Sondos M. S. Islam, Shayma Alzubi Part III: Case Studies Ch.15 Diffusion Acceleration: A Model for Behavior Change and Social Mobilization - Amelie G. Ramirez, Patricia Chalela, Kipling J. Gallion, Alfred L. McAlister Ch.16 Tribal-Based Participatory Research: The Wellness Circles Project - Christopher Elliott Hodge, Felicia Schanche Hodge, Janelle F. Palacios Ch.17 Improving Pacific Islander Health Through Community Participation: A Case Study - Paula Healani Palmer Ch.18 Access to Mental Health Services for Low-Income Immigrant and Refugee Arab-Americans: A Case Study - Sawssan R. Ahmed and Omar M. Mahmood Part IV: Conclusions Ch.19 Health Promotion Tips for the Practitioner and Student - Darleen V. Peterson, Michael V. Kline, and Robert M. Huff Ch.20 Closing Thoughts and Emerging Issues in Multicultural Health Promotion and Disease Prevention - Robert M. Huff, Michael V. Kline, and Darleen V. Peterson Author Index Subject Index


In response to the conference on political theatre held last April at the University of Lancaster under the title 'Points of Contact', Tim Prentki, Course Director of B.A. Drama and TV Studies at King Alfred's College, Winchester, proposes a new yet very old way of achieving contact between a beleaguered political theatre and its community – the use of the 'traditionally' inversionary qualities of carnival to pose highly contemporary questions about the power structures of today's society.


Objective To assess the volume status of MODS patients before and after continuous blood purification(CBP) by the changes of inferior vena cava diameter(IVCD).Methods Plasma BNP Concentration was detected before and after treatment of continuous blood purification of 32 MODS patients,Difference of BNP before and after CBP is ΔBNP;bedside ultrasound exam was performed to measure IVCD in the term of the end expiratory,difference of IVCD before and after CBP isΔIVCD;Actual amount of 24 hours per kilogram of body weight also recorded.Results Concentration of BNP after CBP treatment decreased significantly(156.8±72.5) vs(354.2±148) pg/ml in 32 MODS patients(P0.05);CBP significantly reduced the inferior vena cava diameter(1.45±0.56) vs(1.98±0.67)cm(P0.05);Actual amount of 24 hours per kilogram of body weight was(38.5±11.3) ml/kg;It was the positive correlation between ΔIVCD and the actual amount,r=0.71,P0.05;Between ΔBNP and the actual amount were positively correlated,r=0.68,P0.05;Between ΔIVCD and ΔBNP were positively correlated,r=0.72,P0.05.Conclusion The variations of inferior vena cava diameter can reflect the capacity of state changes before and after CBP,it is helpful to control volume status of CBP.


This essay considers the digital avatar not simply as a name for a virtual double of the player of videogames, but as bound to or manifesting psychological drive, a kind of homunculus of the drive. Drawing on a wide range of theories that have informed technical constructions of the subject, it applies in particular an important moment in Lacan's description of the drive to the concept of the gaming "avatar." It argues that the avatar is a variant of precursor representations of the drive specific to the technical imaginary of videogames.


Transactional memories have emerged in the last years as a new solution for synchronization on shared memory multiprocessors helping to exploit the parallelism of applications while overcoming limitations of the lock mechanism. This paper presents the performance and energy evaluation of a hardware transactional memory (HTM) solution in an NoC-based MPSoC environment, comparing it to a traditional shared memory model that uses locks to provide consistency. Experiments show that transactional memory is a promising alternative to locks for future NoC-based embedded systems, resulting in performance gains up to 30% and energy savings up to 32%, depending on the application and on the architecture configuration.


This paper presents an outline of how formal methods is taught in an undergraduate Computer Studies curriculum. One of the major themes of study in the undergraduate Computer Studies programme is software engineering. We describe how formal methods is incorporated into this theme. Experience with teaching formal methods within the context of the programme is discussed, and possible future directions proposed.<<ETX>>


OBJECTIVE:To establish a hepatocellular carcinoma model of BALB/c mouse,and study its ultrastructural features.METHODS:Totally 66 normal adult male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups,four experimental groups with 14 cases each and a control group with 10 cases.The experimental groups were fed by the diethylnitrosamine(DEN)/carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)/alcohol.Liver tissues of experimental group A,B,C,D were respectively sampled at 60,90,120 and 150 days after administration.Liver tissues of control group were sampled at 150th day after administration.The morphological features of both micro-and untrastructural characteristics of the induced lesions were observed,and RT-PCR was used to detect mAFP changes in different periods of mouse liver tissue lesions.RESULTS:The liver tissues of mice were examined by pathology.Livers of control group were normal.At 60th day,the incidence of liver inflammation of experimental group A was 64.28%(9/12).At 90th day,the incidence of mild liver fibrosis of experimental group B was 64.28%(9/12).At 120th day,the incidence of severe liver fibrosis of experimental group C was 71.43%(10/12).At 150th day,the incidence of liver cancer of experimental group D was 64.28%(9/12).The incidences of liver diseases of experimental groups were significantly higher than that of control group at these various time(P0.05).The expression of mAFP had appeared from the 60th day after administration and its ultrastructural features met liver cancer's criterion under transmission electron microscope.CONCLUSIONS:Using chemical carcinogenic agents and tumor promoting agents, an AFP-secreting hepatocellular carcinoma model of BALB/c mouse was successfully built.This method needs less time for inducement.Both the disease process and ultrastructural changes met the criterion of liver cancer process,and it is an ideal experimental animal model used for studying the occurrence and development of liver cancer.


A spectral function of a Hermitian matrix X is a function which depends only on the eigenvalues of X, λ1X ≥ λ2X ≥... ≥ λnX, and hence may be written fλ1X, λ2X,..., λnX for some symmetric function f. Such functions appear in a wide variety of matrix optimization problems. We give a simple proof that this spectral function is differentiable at X if and only if the function f is differentiable at the vector λX, and we give a concise formula for the derivative. We then apply this formula to deduce an analogous expression for the Clarke generalized gradient of the spectral function. A similar result holds for real symmetric matrices.


The present invention moves the end and that on his touch-locked display control method, a mobile terminal related to an embodiment of the present invention includes a display unit which is implemented as a touch screen, a sensing unit for sensing a touch input on the touch screen, wherein When the touch screen touch-lock function is set up at least a portion of the touch when the screen displays the touch-lock screen, and the touch input is detected in the state in which the touch-lock screen on the touch-screen display according to the detected touch input wallpaper is a control unit for processing the touch screen to reveal the lock. Mobile terminal, the touch-lock, wallpaper


Western Outer Carpathians consist of several north-verging Nappes. The Silesian Nappe, the subject of the present study, is situated between tectonic units from which there are a number of Tertiary paleomagnetic results, the Magura Nappe and the molasse zone of the foredeep. It consists of Late Jurassic – Early Miocene rocks, mostly flysch sediments. The rocks of the Silesian Nappe form an arc, which is gently convex to the north. The regional fold axes are almost parallel to the trace of the frontal thrust of the nappe, thus they are WSW–ENE oriented in the west, E–W striking in the central segment and WNW–ESE oriented in the east. Bending followed regional folding and thrusting, after the mid-Miocene.


Part 1 General: St Pancras policy document administrative structure. Part 2 London: humanities and social services special collections collections and preservation public services research and development department science reference and information service. Part 3 Boston Spa: document supply centre national bibliographic service acquisitions, processing and cataloguing. Bibliographical and historical envoi.


For the Group Decision Support System (GDSS), the problems of the communication barriers are presented in this paper, and the elimination of the influence of individual adaptive attitude is analyzed and studied on group decision. Moreover, a mode of communication with the purpose of reaching an effective consensus is proposed. Additionally, the technical support and network infrastructure to solve the problem are provided in the systematic design of GDSS.


COMPARED TO THE ACTUAL OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC SUPPORTS WHICH CAN STORE INFORMATION ON THE SURFACE OF RECEPTIVE MATERIALS, HOLOGRAPHY HAS COMPLETELY CHANGED THE CONCEPTS OF RECORDING AND STORAGE. ALTHOUGH THIS TECHNOLOGY HAS EXISTED FOR DECADES IT IS ALMOST UNKNOWN AND THE WAY IT OPERATES REMAINS A MYSTERY. THIS PAPER DESCRIBES THE HOLOGRAPHIC STORAGE TECHNIQUE AND ITS POTENTIAL IN THE FIELD OF INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION. ITS MULTIPLE ADVANTAGES ARE OUTLINED AS WELL AS SOME PRESENT PROBLEMS.


Pulsar periods are extremely stable, making possible many interesting and important applications ranging from determining the proper motion of globular clusters to detecting gravitational waves. Many pulsars, especially millisecond pulsars, are in binary orbit with another star. The first-known pulsar binary system, PSR B1913+16, discovered by Hulse and Taylor in 1974, provided the first observational evidence for the existence of gravitational waves and verified that Einstein's general theory of relativity is an accurate theory of gravitation. Surveys with Parkes multibeam receiver have in the past few years more than doubled the number of known pulsars. Prominent among the discoveries is the first-known double pulsar, PSR J0737-3039A/B. This system is even more relativistic than PSR B1913+16 and in just two years has provided a more stringent test of general relativity, with five post-Keplerian parameters already determined. An important prediction of general relativity is the existence of gravitational waves. Precise timing of a very stable millisecond pulsar has already put limits on the energy density of a stochastic gravitational-wave background at the Earth. Timing measurements of an ensemble of millisecond pulsars distributed over the celestial sphere can in principle make a direct detection of this stochastic background. The Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA) project is making regular timing measurements of 20 millisecond pulsars with the ultimate aim of detecting the gravitational-wave background at the Earth. With a five-year data span the PPTA should have sufficient sensitivity to detect the gravitational-wave background from binary super-massive black holes in the cores of galaxies.


Financial risk has evolved from simple variability of returns in stock trading activities toward interconnected uncertainty factors in our economic systems. In this context, building global portfolios provides a natural mechanism to manage diversified risk between asset classes. This paper proposes a novel framework for the asset selection and allocation under global diversification principles using Genetic Network Program-ming(GNP) and Genetic Relation Algorithm(GRA). Asset classes such as stocks, bonds and currencies listed in relevant developed financial markets in USA, Europe and Asia are used. The comparison with conventional schemes in finance literature shows competitive advantages of the proposed approach.


In this paper,using the software of EnergyPlus,the influence of factros,such as heat gain and ventilation rate,on indoor thermal comfort with natural ventilation was firstly analyzed,and based on the analysis,the building structure was determined.Secondly,variations of indoor temperature under different control strategies were compared,and the best one was selected.Finally,the indoor temperature and velocity fields were simulated with the software of FLUENT.


This paper focuses on the geometric model of the wheel-rail contact during a transversal displacement of the axle with a direction lateral deviation and lateral displacements of the rails. While applying the contact curve method, the relations between the coordinates of the contact points are established, the axle bounce and angle of roll on the one hand and between the rails' displacements, axle and the lateral deviation of the track axle on the other hand. The pertinent numerical results are introduced for the contact between the S78 profile wheel and the UIC60 rail, pointing out at the influence of the track gauge upon the geometric conditions of the wheel-rail contact and the properties of the S 78 profile.


The stress relaxation behavior characters of TC4 alloy and influence of processing factors were studied . The results showed that the stress relaxed very fast at the first stage, while slowly at the second stage, and the residual stress approached a limit after a long relaxation time. Stress relaxation was characterized with stress relaxation limit and stress relaxation rate. The higher temperature resulted in higher stress relaxation rate and lower relaxation limit. Different initial stress gave the same relaxation limit at same temperature.


A portable terminal having a speaker distinguishing function in a multilateral video call, and a method for distinguishing a speaker during the multilateral video call are provided to enable a user to easily determine the image of a speaker among images of plural participants in the multilateral video call by listening to the voice of the speaker. A storage unit(150) stores sound volume weight information corresponding to each speaker participating in a multilateral video call. When voice data is provided from an arbitrary speaker, a controller(140) reads the sound volume weight corresponding to the arbitrary speaker, and generates a sound volume control signal based on the read sound volume weight. Based on the sound volume control signal, an audio codec(130) controls the sound volume of a left channel and the sound volume of a right channel which output the voice of the speaker.


This study was performed to determine the chemical elements used to produce ancient metallic alloys and to understand the manufacture technique of three archaeological founds. It also presents an evaluation method of the objects' authenticity based on the observation of the corrosion products. This article also includes three ornamental accessories ca. VII-IV century BC found in the vicinity of Shkodra (Albania). A necklace, a belt application and a button are examined using X ray fluorescence (XRF) to determine the chemical composition and optical microscopy (OM) with reflected and polarised light in order to study the microstructure and the corrosion products. From the XRF results all the objects are bronze, copper-tin and copper-tin-lead alloys. After the OM analysis they are authentic objects (not fake replicas) and might have been produced after a casting process in moulds.


The Australian Soil Classification (ASC) has its roots in both the Handbook of Australian Soils and the Factual Key. The scheme's use of mutually exclusive characteristics has led to Soil Orders containing a diverse range of soils, such as the Dermosols. The extent of these groupings has resulted in classes of soils sharing greater relationships with soils from other classes than they do with soils in the same class. Situations such as this arise from artificial classifications and highlight the need for natural classifications. Natural classifications accurately represent what is occurring in nature and are desirable because they represent evidence of a common history, process or mechanism. This study uses cladistics, a robust biological method that uncovers natural classifications, to assess the naturalness of the ASC. The analysis has the secondary aims of identifying natural soil orders and establishing which characters and tiers require revision. Two measures commonly used in cladistics, consistency index (CI) and retention index (RI), are used along with confidence levels generated by bootstrapping. The cladistic analysis undertaken consisted of coding 113 morphological and non-morphological characters used to identify 13 of the 14 Soil Orders in ASC into binary and multi-state matrices and analysis using a parsimony cladistic algorithm. The results suggest that, because of its low CI (0.196), the ASC is not a natural classification. However, certain Soil Orders of Organosols, Podosls and Vertosols, which all registered high CI, are natural. The analysis also indicated which soil morphological characters and Soil Orders require revision in order to make the ASC more natural, namely, soil colour and characters located in the Great Groups as well as Soil Orders such as Chromosols, Ferrosols and Dermosols. We conclude that cladistics offers a new avenue in discerning relationships between soils and in assessing the accuracy of, and identifying where improvements can be made in, the classifications used to identify them.


Appetite
Exercise can transiently suppress appetite, and it also makes you hot. Jeong et al. investigated whether loss of appetite is caused by increased body temperature. Hypothalamic neurons that express proopiomelanocortin control food intake. In mice, these neurons express a thermoreceptor


Background: Fibroids are the commonest benign tumour arising from the smooth muscle from uterus. Effects of fibroids on pregnancy and the effects of pregnancy on fibroids are a frequent clinical concern since these tumors are common in women of reproductive age. Most pregnant women with fibroids do not have any complications during pregnancy related to the fibroids. Pain is the most common problem and there may be a slightly increased risk of obstetrical complications like miscarriage, preterm labor and delivery, malpresentation and placental abruption.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out to study the fetomaternal complications in fibroid complicating pregnancies. Duration of study period was one year. Study was from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019 in government medical college, Kozhikode. Patients beyond 28 weeks of gestational age with fibroid complicating pregnancies were included. Case records were reviewed from medical records library government medical college, Kozhikode. Detailed review of patients including history, examination and ultrasound scan reports, mode of delivery, antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum complications and details of babies were also taken.Results: During the study period a total of 112 cases of fibroid complicating pregnancies were included in the study out of 15875 total number of deliveries. Majority of patients belonged to age group between 30 to 35 years (40.17%) and 28.1% belonged to between 35 and40 years. 63.39% of patients were multies. In most of the cases fibroid was diagnosed by the first trimester ultra sound itself. Size of uterus remained corresponding to gestational age in more than half of cases (56.25%). There was increased incidence of caesarean delivery (56.25%), preterm delivery (7.2%) and placenta praevia (2.8%) postpartum haemorrhage (10.71%) in the studied cases.Conclusions: Fibriod complicating pregnancies are associated with higher incidence of obstetric complications during all the phases of pregnancy. Proper antenatal care and assessment can reduce the adverse outcomes to a greater extent.


The invention discloses a sensor network sensing information denoising processing method based on principal component analysis (PCA) and empirical mode decomposition (EMD). The method comprises the following steps of: performing EMD on a sensing signal to obtain K intrinsic mode function (IMF) components imfk (t) for characterizing time scale and remainder terms; extracting detailed signal information imf1 in imf1, calculating energy W[1] of the noise contained in the imf1, and calculating energy of other layers according to W[1]; and performing PCA decomposition on imfk (t), selecting the previous H principal components in a proper number for reconstructing and denoising according to a ratio of the energy of the noise contained in the imfk(t) to obtain the denoised detailed signal information imfk ; and accumulating all the denoised detailed signal information imfk and remainder terms to obtain the denoised signals. The method is simple and good in denoising effect.


Dear Sir, We read the interesting paper by Eliakim et al. [1], reporting for the first time the accuracy with regard to colorectal cancer polyps of the second generation of the PillCam Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) (Given Imaging, Yoqneam, Israel). The authors showed a sensitivity and specificity of 89% and 76% for polyps measuring 6mm or more, and 88% and 89% for polyps of 10mm or more. Although the sensitivity appears to be substantially improved compared to that of the first-generation CCE [2–6], specificity remains disappointingly low. Considering the low prevalence of significant polyps in a screening setting, this low specificity would result in unnecessary post-CCE colonoscopy in persons with false-positive findings, representing a waste of economic andmedical resources. It would also appear quite singular for an endoscopic procedure – with its direct visualization of the gastrointestinal mucosa – to be characterized by suboptimal specificity, when upper and lower conventional endoscopies are usually regarded as having a virtually 100% specificity. There are two possible explanations for the apparently low specificity of the second-generation CCE: suboptimal sensitivity of the reference standard colonoscopy, or an imperfect polyp-matching algorithm. In the study by Eliakim et al., conventional colonoscopy was regarded as the gold standard, and patients with positive findings at CCE but negative findings at conventional colonoscopy were counted as false-positive at CCE. The study design provided that a repeat "unblinded" colonoscopy was offered to all patients with a polyp 10mm in size or more that was detected at CCE but missed at the first, blinded colonoscopy. It would be expected that detection at repeat colonoscopy of such CCE-detected polyps larger than 10mmwould lead to reclassification of these findings as true-positive at CCE, improving the CCE specificity. Quite surprisingly, however, the authors still classified them as false-positives, rejecting the assumption of an enhanced reference standard, as widely suggested by CT colonography studies [7]. Secondly, polyp matching was apparently based on polyp size. Although the second-generation colon capsule has a system for estimating the size of polyps, this system has never been proven to be accurate. Neither can polyp measurement at conventional colonoscopy be regarded as accurate. Thus, both CCE and colonoscopy might give inaccurate assessments of polyp size, so that it could happen that the two techniques actually describe the same polyp, but the inaccuracy of the measurements prevents adequate matching, resulting in untrue "false-positive" CCE results. Analysis of the study by Eliakim et al. suggests that both of these limiting factors may have been present. CCE diagnosed polyps 10mm or larger that were not reported or were reported differently at conventional colonoscopy in 10 patients [1,8]. In three of these 10 patients, colonoscopy identified findings that were described differently: in two patients CCEdetected polyps were considered to be smaller (6–9mm) at colonoscopy, whilst in the remaining case the CCE-detected polyp was described at conventional colonoscopy as a hemangioma. In the remaining seven patients, a second colonoscopy was offered. Five patients underwent a second colonoscopy. The CCE finding was confirmed in one; in one patient the CCE finding was confirmed although colonoscopy indicated an 8-mm polyp; while in three patients the CCE findings were not confirmed. The remaining two patients were invited to a second colonoscopy that had not already been performed. Therefore, in five out of eight patients CCE was able to correctly diagnose findings that were missed at the initial colonoscopy or only resulted in a different size estimate as compared to colonoscopy, preventing adequate matching. If these five patients were considered as true-positive rather than false-positive cases, the "real" sensitivity and specificity of the second generation of colon capsule endoscopy for polyps larger than 10mm would be 92% and 94%, respectively. In summary, although no definitive conclusions can be made, it seems that this new CCE has substantially better accuracy values than the first version. These improvements, especially in relation to specificity, might be even higher after a careful re-evaluation of conventional colonoscopy and the polyp-matching algorithm. In fact, some of the cases described as false positives at CCE should be better classified as false negatives at conventional colonoscopy (●" Fig. 1). Fig. 1 A "false-positive" CCE finding in our experience. The patient is a man who was included in a clinical trial and underwent secondgeneration colon capsule endoscopy for hematochezia. a The colon capsule detected a 14-mm pedunculated polyp in the left colon. b Conventional colonoscopy confirmed a pedunculated sigmoid polyp, although it indicated a size of 11mm. c Distal to the first finding, the colon capsule detected another 7-mm polyp that was not confirmed at conventional colonoscopy and was therefore considered as a "false-positive" capsule endoscopy finding. However, although the finding was formally classified as a false positive on capsule endoscopy, it would have been better classified as a false negative on conventional colonoscopy.


Preschool directors, teachers, and assistants from regional and rural eastern Australia were interviewed in the autumn of 2008 to discover their knowledge and beliefs concerning whether young children had the capacity to solve mathematical problems, when young children begin to think mathematically, and their observations of children's mathematics learning. Respondents overwhelmingly agreed that preschool children were capable of mathematical activity and thought. Fifty eight (88%) respondents believed that children had begun to exhibit mathematical thinking by age 3; 30 (46%) by their first birthday. Practitioners interviewed were able to provide examples of both incidental and planned mathematical activities across a breadth of content, including number and operations, measurement, geometry, and fundamental classifying and ordering activities. The practitioners also demonstrated a creditable awareness of children who seemed to have a good grasp of mathematics. Many practitioners realized that mathematical proclivity could be shown in the processes children use as they engaged in mathematical activity and solved mathematical problems.


OBJECTIVE: To perform longitudinal estimation of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) 1H-MRS and other advanced MRI techniques in the substantia nigra (SN) of untreated early Parkinson9s disease (PD) patients.
BACKGROUND: Developing biomarkers for disease progression and therapeutic intervention is a well recognized need in PD. High field 3T 1H-MRS of the SN to measure NAA, a marker of neuronal metabolic function, in the dopaminergic neurons in PD, is a target to estimate disease progression. Longitudinal studies employing multi-modal advanced MRI techniques examining SN in PD are lacking.
METHODS. This was prospective longitudinal study employing 3T multi-modal advanced MRI techniques including 1H-MRS, DTI, and MTR of the SN in treatment naive early onset newly diagnosed PD patients. All patients underwent MRI scans at baseline and 3 months later on no dopaminergic therapy for PD, allowing for quantifying potential changes in tissue injury and metabolic function in the SN. Total NAA normalized to total creatine (tCr) as tNAA/tCr was measured using the automated LCModel. After 3 months, dopaminergic therapeutic intervention began which is subject of another ongoing study. Each multi-voxel 1H-MRS of the SN was acquired in 12 minutes.
RESULTS: 24 patients (mean age: 65.8 years, Hohn and Yahr 1.78, disease duration < 2 years) participated in the study. Mean baseline tNAA/tCr in the SN was 1.94 and three months later 1.80 (Δ -0.168, p=0.002) that reflected a 7.2% decline in 3 months. Mean change in DTI fractional anisotropy was -0.029 (p=0.003) while mean diffusivity and MTR also changed, indicative of tissue injury in the SN, but did not reach statistical significance. Matched healthy controls did not demonstrate change in NAA or other advanced MRI metrics.
CONCLUSIONS: High-field 1H-MRS estimation of change in tNAA/tCr, acquired in 12 minutes, appears to be a quantifiable and reliable marker of dopaminergic neuronal metabolic function in the SN in PD. Larger multi-center studies using clinical correlations are indicated for the validation of this potential biomarker. Disclosure: Dr. Seraji-Bozorgzad has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bao has nothing to disclose. Dr. Shneyder has nothing to disclose. Dr. George has received personal compensation for activities with Teva Neuroscience. Dr. George has received research support from Teva Neuroscience, and Marz Pharma. Dr. Santiago Martinez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gorden has nothing to disclose. Dr. Krstevska has received personal compensation for activities with Teva Neuroscience. Dr. Caon has received personal compensation for activities with Teva Neuroscience, Novartis, Genzyme Inc., and Biogen Idec. Dr. Khan has received personal compensation for activities with Biogen Idec, Genzyme Corporation, Novartis, and Teva Neuroscience. Dr. Khan has received research funding from NIH, NINDS, National Multiple Sclerosis Society, Teva Neuroscience, Biogen Idec, Genzyme Corporation, Roche, and Novartis.


A survey for viruses infecting cultivated Allium species was carried out in southern Italy (Apulia, Calabria, and Sicily) by DASor TAS-ELISA (Barg et al., 1997), using antisera to Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV), Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV), Garlic commom latent virus (GarCLV), Shallot latent virus (SLV), Garlic virus C (GVC), and Garlic virus D (GVD), supplied by Drs. H. Lot (INRA, Montfavet, France), S.I. Sumi (Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Hiroshima, Japan), and E. Barg (BBA, Braunschweig, Germany). Only a minority of the 120 garlic and the 25 onion samples examined came from plants that showed symptoms, i.e. reduced growth, chlorotic stripes, yellowing and curling of the leaves. Infection rates by potyviruses (OYDV and LYSV) were the highest, for OYDV was identified in 98% and 92% of garlic and onion samples, respectively, and LYSV in 83% of garlic samples, regardless of the geographic origin. Allexiviruses (GVC and GVD) were detected in all regions, their incidence ranging from 10 to 20%, depending on the viral species and the area. As to carlaviruses, GrCLV was identified in garlic samples from Apulia, with infections rates ranging from 23 to 98% in the southern and northern part of the region, respectively, whereas SLV was detected only in a few garlic samples from Calabria and Sicily.


We present a tunable, frequency-stabilized, narrow-bandwidth source of frequency-degenerate, entangled photon pairs, which can address the two D-P transitions in 40Ca+ ions. We also demonstrate single ion-single photon interaction by the detection of quantum jumps.


Robotics has several aspects such as science, technology and art. Therefore, the purpose, method, and evaluation of robotic research are very different depending on the cases. This paper tries to clarify the difference between science and technology in robotics. Moreover, the relation between robotics science and human science is explained in this paper. As science in robotics, this paper point out the importance of synthetic science as well as analytic science. As an example of synthetic science, sensor feedback motion control based on linear transformation form vision to motion is explained and three conditions are revealed. Some simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the feedback control. Finally, several issues concerning methodology of robot science are discussed.


Regular trees are a natural extension of finite trees, which have many applications. The path-embedding problem is to determine whether a regular tree S can be obtained from another regular tree T by deleting (probably infinitely many) subtrees of T. This paper explores efficient algorithms for the path-embedding problem in ordered and unordered trees. Given two regular trees S and T represented by rational graphs, our algorithms solve the ordered version of path-embedding problem in O(|E_S||E_T|) time and the unordered version in O(|ES||ET|DSDT) time. Here |ES| denotes the number of edges in the rational graph for S, and DS denotes the maximum outdegree of a vertex inS. We also demonstrate that our approach can be applied to pattern matching problems for regular trees recently studied by Fu J. Algorithms, 22 (1997), pp. 372--391].


Estonia is strongly dependent on locally mined oil shale which is the main fuel for power and oil production. Vast amounts of solid wastes are formed from circulating fluidized bed (CFB), pulverized firing (PF), and solid heat carrier (SHC) technologies, and are currently wet deposited in open-air fields. Both the utilization of newly produced ash and the management of historical deposits require an accurate thermo- dynamic modelling of complex mixtures. The authors investigated the leach- ing of the main water-soluble Ca-compounds from three types of oil shale mineral waste and developed a kinetic model that was used to determine the equilibrium constants and kinetic parameters of dissolution reactions for all three ash-water systems over a wide range of solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratio. For this, we prepared binary (Ca(OH)2-CaSO4·2H2O-H2O) and ternary (Ca(OH)2-CaSO4·2H2O-CaS-H2O) model systems that reflect the composition of the three different ashes, and measured the kinetics of dissolution for both the model systems and industrial ash. Thermodynamic calculations were per- formed using HsC Chemistry ® 7.1 and Aspen Plus V8.6 while the leaching kinetics was simulated employing the MODEST 6.1 software package. By comparing the results obtained for our model systems with those obtained for industrial oil shale ash-water systems the authors were able to both verify that the model results coincided to a satisfactory degree with simulation data, and also propose models that may aid one to design shale ash processing technologies.


Current educational policies require the participation of students with disabilities in state assessments. Their participation has raised a number of issues, among them the need for accommodations. In this article we consider the role that assistive technology (AT) can play to alleviate current accommodations demands, and highlight research and practice on assistive technology outcomes in large-scale assessments. The variability in states' accommodation policies, and the consideration of AT as accommodations, heightens the importance of attending to AT in state assessments. Examples of assistive technology in current state assessments, including Kentucky, Minnesota, and Oregon, are presented. Several current and emerging research activities in this area are highlighted as well. We conclude by suggesting outcomes and benefits, and identifying issues that remain to be addressed.


The present research was aimed to study the effect of sprouted barley grains ( Hordeum vulgare L.) on different levels of olive cake (OC) and barley straw as media. A laboratory study was conducted to show the performance of sprouted barley grain on tested roughages media by fodder yield and conversion ratio values; followed by five digestibility trials which conducted to evaluate the digestibility of experimental roughages by using twenty five desert male goats (20 months old) with average 22.50±2.54kg live body weight. Animals were randomly divided into five equal groups of 5 animals each to receive one of the following experimental roughages G1: alfalfa ad libitum as (control); G2: sprouted barley grains on 75% olive cake (OC) + 25% barley straw (BS) ad libitum ; G3: sprouted barley grains on 50% olive cake (OC) + 50% barley straw (BS) ad libitum ; G4: sprouted barley grains on 25% olive cake (OC) +75% barley straw (BS) ad libitum ; G5: sprouted barley grains on 100% barley straw (BS) ad libitum . The best treated group from the results of digestibility trail was conducted feeding trail. Results showed that the treatments with sprouted barely increase CP, ash and C.CHO contents while DM, OM, EE, CF, NDF, ADF and ADL contents were decreased. Sprouted barely on olive cake or barley straw revealed a significant (P≤0.05) improvement in OM, CP, EE, CF, NFE, NDF, ADF and hemicellulose digestibility. Nutritive values expressed as TDN g/Kg BW and DCP% increased significantly (P≤0.05) in treated groups G1 and G2 followed by G3, G4 and the lowest values were in G5. Also, goats fed the four sprouted mixture recorded higher significantly (P≤0.05) of N balance compared with G1 (control group) with insignificant differences in Na and K balance (g/kg BW) values between studied groups. Goats fed sprouted barely had significantly (P≤0.05) higher values of total volatile fatty acids (VFA's) and ruminal ammonia (NH3-N) concentration post feeding with 3 hours. Serum total proteins, albumin, globulin, urea and creatinin were increased (P≤0.05) compared with untreated roughages. Feed cost LE/gm gain was improved by goats fed on G2 and G3 with percent (34.15 and 32.52% respectively) in compared to control diet. Relative economical efficiency was improved by 90.77% in G2 comparison with the control diet. In conclusion we can produce green fodder by utilizing dried olive cake and barley straw by simple methodology using crop sprouts barley without any harmful effect on goats.


This communication is a report of 5 cases of death from hemorrhage due to infection in chronic gastric and duodenal ulcers. They were among the last 7 cases of exsanguinating hemorrhage from ulcer observed in the past seven and one-half years at the New York City Hospital, Welfare Island. In each of the 5 cases the criteria of chronicity were answered—distortion of the architectural pattern of the wall, fibrosis of the base of the ulcer and some degree of chronic inflammatory cellular reaction. In all cases bacteria were demonstrated in the sections at the point of hemorrhage. Clinical evidence in some of the cases proved the presence of septicemia. REPORT OF CASES Case 1. —A white man 71 years old was admitted to the surgical division of the City Hospital, service of Dr. A. S. Morrow, on May 29, 1932, in profound shock. He gave a history of vomiting a


This paper discusses the biosorption of Ni(II) ions from aqueous solutions by Bacillus sphaericus biomass. The biosorption process was affected by the solution pH, biomass concentration, contact time, temperature and initial Ni(II) concentration respectively. The sorption kinetics and equilibrium data were described well with the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm model. The maximum monolayer biosorption capacity value of Bacillus sphaericus biomass for Ni(II) ions was calculated at 55.55 mg/g using the Langmuir isotherm model. The thermodynamic study shows the Ni(II) biosorption was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The change in heat of sorption (ΔHo) and the isosteric heat of sorption (ΔHr) values indicate the physical sorption as the predominant mechanism for Ni(II) biosorption. The Ni(II) ions were recovered effectively from Bacillus sphaericus biomass using 0.1 M HNO3 and can be recycled. FTIR results showed that carboxylic and amine groups of Bacillus sphaericus cells were responsible for Ni(II) binding.


Abstract Pathogenic Nocardia strains such as N. brasiliensis were found to produce nocardiolactone (I) as a dialkyl-substituted β-lactone. the chemical constitution and relative stereochemistry were settled by MS and NMR measurements.


It has always been difficult to estimate size and cost of well designed counterflow induced-draught cooling towers due to the interrelationship of approach temperature and cooling range associated with each design. Attempts to estimate the cost of a tower by assessing currency per cell, per square foot, per gallon, or currency per other single metric, have never been sufficiently accurate due to the asymptotic nature of the approach temperature versus the tower size arithmetic function. To determine accurate qualitative metrics for cooling tower estimating purposes requires assessing two-variable second-order equations in water-flow-rate/approach-temperature, temperature-range/approach-temperature, wet-bulb-temperature/approach-temperature, and approach-temperature/cost. The design and therefore cost responds to the following variables; 1) Recirculating Water Flow Rate, 2) Inlet Wet Bulb Temperature (WBT), 3) Approach Temperature, and 4) Cooling Tower Range or Heat Duty. With the proper evaluation of these parameters they can be utilized to determine metrics to estimate the following parameters: 1) Number of Cells, 2) Basin Area, 3) Pump Power, 4) Fan Power, and 5) Costs (at today's prices only). In addition, a percentage breakdown can be calculated for; 1) Structure, 2) Hardware, 3) Mechanical Equipment, 4) Labor, and 5) Miscellaneous items. Although developed for the power industry, the operative model, design, and qualified costing techniques are also valid for large petroleum and chemical process projects, provided the heat duty dissipated, ambient conditions, water quality and flow rate can be accurately predicted. A set of equations are developed which can be used to estimate the significant costs of a proposed cooling tower. Example calculations and data are presented in Annex A.Copyright © 2006 by Bechtel


Scientists conducting research in the field of social sciences are constantly looking for new ways of analysing the social reality. For many years, scientific research has successfully used quantitative methods alongside qualitative research methods. The grounded theory methodology is a type of methodology providing a basis for systematic empirical research and analysis of the obtained qualitative data. The presented article reviews the main points of the grounded theory. It also aims at comparing this methodology with an ethnomethodological approach and at indicating the role of the researcher in qualitative research.


Abstract — There exist numerous modelling techniques and representation methods for digital control algorithms, aimed to achieve required system or process parameters, e.g. precision of process modelling, control quality, fulfilling the time constrains, optimisation of consumption of system resources, or achieving a trade-off between number of parameters. This work illustrates usage of Finite State Machines (FSM) modelling technique to solve a control problem with parameterized external variables. The structure of this work comprises six elements. The FSM is presented in brief and discrete control algorithm modelling is discussed. The modelled object and control problem is described and variables are identified. The FSM model is presented and control algorithm is described. The parameterization problem is identified and addressed, and the implementation in PLC programming LAD language is presented. Finally, the conclusion is given and future work areas are identified.


Evaluation of the potential of the Wilson terminal in 33 normal young adults indicates that its potential is zero about once in every twelve. Weighting of the terminal brought its potential to zero in ⅔ of the subjects and left a very small residual (technical) error in the remainder. The vertical component of the cardiac vector is primarily responsible for the error on the Wilson terminal. A weighted terminal in which the arm resistances are 2.6 times the left leg resistance has a zero potential in 50 percent of a small group of subjects. The residual error on the weighted terminal is at most one-half of that on the Wilson terminal. The eccentric origin of the cardiac vector varies only with respiration. Ordinarily, the zero-potential plane of the antero-posterior component of the cardiac vector passes simultaneously through or just dorsal to the limb electrodes and contributes little to the negative error on the Wilson terminal.