Abstract : The determination of the mechanisms of chemical reactions leading to the formation of different types of materials is one of the principal occupations of many chemists today. To accomplish this, the dependence of the observed transformation is studied as a function of a number of intensive variables such as temperature, pressure, concentration of reactants as well as the Hydrogen ion concentration of the solution. In this account, we summarize recent studies in which the observed changes of the chemical reactivity of gaseous niobium clusters with size was used as a new degree of freedom that assists in deducing the mechanism of the chemical reactions studied.


-Acourtia runcinata is a member of the tribe Mutisieae: subtribe Nassauviinae (Asteraceae). Breeding system studies showed the population to be primarily self-incompatible and pollinated by sporadic visits from various Lepidoptera. Typical for the tribe Mutisieae, the florets absorbed ultraviolet light and secreted a small amount of hexose-rich nectar and did not seem attractive to bees. Fruit production may have been limited by pollinator visitation since hand-pollinated florets set more fruit (92%) than did florets receiving natural pollination (51%). Twenty-seven percent of the capitula were lost to herbivory. Some self-compatibility was observed and seeds produced from self-pollination were equally viable as seed produced from xenogamous pollination. Seeds produced as a result of self-pollination may therefore be important for population growth or stability. Small populations may, nevertheless, be jeopardized given their restriction to an undisturbed habitat and frequent herbivory documented here.


Hot spots produced by gas-puff z-pinch plasma which are high energy density plasma regions radiate intensive soft X-rays. The gas-puff z-pinch is expected to have industrial applications such as soft X-ray lithography, microscopy and in lasers. In these cases, the scattering of hot spots is important when the gas-puff z-pinch plasma is used as a point source of soft X-rays. Previous results in our study showed the reduction of radial displacement of hot spots in positive voltage shots by using an IPP (Inductive Pulsed Power) system. In this paper, the voltage polarity effects on the gas-puff z-pinch plasma behavior, spatial distribution of hot spots and soft X-ray emission are described.


The cost to establish and operate a cooperative freight bill auditing association with a full set of tariffs would range from $116,000 to $132,000 the first year, according to a feasibility study based on 1979 estimates. The costs would range from $96,000 to $107,000 in subsequent years. Advantages cooperatives saw in such an association included savings on fees, better control, specialized auditors, and prompt information on problem areas. Disadvantages included operational costs, lack of qualified auditors, initial capital investment, and disclosure of private information.


Introduction Orbits and Quotients Matrices With Fixed Singular Values Matrices With Fixed Rank Matrices With Fixed Displacement Rank Matrices With Fixed Singular Values and Fixed Displacement Rank Hermitian Matrices With Fixed Eigenvalues Hermitian Matrices With Fixed Inertia Hermitian Matrices With Fixed Displacement Inertia Hermitian Matrices With Fixed Eigenvalues and Fixed Displacement Inertia Appendix: Tridiagonal Hermitian Matrices With Fixed Eigenvalues References Acknowledgements Introduction. I am interested in the following problem: Given a Toeplitz matrix, nd its singular values. This problem is quite important. For example, consider a timeinvariant, causal linear system. Such a system can be represented by means of a Volterra integral operator T having the following form:


The paper expounds the problems which should be noticed in concrete,the curing measures as well as the calculation of pyrology in winter construction of concrete,that are aimed at offering the reference for similar engineering.


This report focuses on the morphometric and elemental analysis of glass beads collected from an adobe structure (CA-SCR-217H-T) at Mission Santa Cruz, which operated between 1791 and the 1830s in the colonial province of Alta (upper) California. Previous chemical research established a chronological framework for opacified beads collected from sites in Canada, the Great Lakes region, and the southeastern United States. Testing the viability of this chronological framework for California, we analyzed 100 white glass beads using a conventional typology and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)—the first application of LA-ICP-MS to a California mission. We present the results of the LA-ICP-MS study and then briefly comment on the potential for LA-ICP-MS to refine chronologies associated with colonial missions and other postcontact sites.


OF THE DESCLOSURE This invention relates to compositions comprising starch and half-amide/half salt styrene-maleic anhydride copoly mers having molecular weights of from about 2,000 to about 10,000.


Objective: To determine LFT, lipid profile and the increase in weight after one year of infliximab treatment among a sample of spondyloarthopathic patients attending 'Baghdad teaching hospital'   Patients &Methods: prospective study was carried out for a period of one years  In Baghdad teaching hospital(biological unit) on 1 st of January  2016 and ending on December 2017 .A total of 120 cases Anky losing  and psoriatic arthritis on biological agent(infliximab) had two reading of liver function test  , lipid profile  and body mass index first reading at( zero week)  and second reading at (one-year) after biological agents . Results: The mean age of study sample 36±10.3,mean age of onset 29±11.5and duration 11±8.5Significance abnormality of liver function test (ALT,AST and AP) at two reading (baseline and after one year of biological agent( p=0.0001).Regarding total Cholesterol , Triglycerides ,High Density Lipoprotein & Low density  Lipoprotein (TC,TG, HDL-c and LDL-c) Significance differences(p<0.0001) were seen  after biological  therapy in study sample. Significance differences were seen regarding body mass index and weight gain after one year of follow up of patients. Conclusion: Significance rise of LFT, abnormal lipid profile and weight increment in the study sample after one year of follow up after infliximab therapy in patients with spondyloarthopathy. Recommendation: Our findings suggest the need for more prospective studies regarding the relative contribution of infliximab treatment for abnormal Liver function test, Lipid profile and weight gain  Keywords: Patients, Infliximab, Anti-TNF agents .


The trade-off between exploration of new ideas and exploitation of certainties create a need for managing a balance between those two concepts within organizations. To align with an associated strategy, we suggest an IT architecture with an embedded mechanism to manage this balance when trying new approaches. A prototype and evaluation with encouraging results show the viability of the proposed architecture design for a product recommender scenario.


Abstract Anisotropic, i.e. hkl-dependent microstrain broadening of Bragg peaks as observed in powder-diffraction measurements often obstructs finding a good description of the peak profiles during Rietveld refinement. This review describes strategies to model this type of structural line broadening. Emphasis is put, further, on the possible physical background of the refined width parameters in terms of compositional, thermal and elastic microstrain. Methods are described to extract thus quantitative microstructural information. Moreover, it is shown how the anisotropy of the microstrain broadening can reveal the anisotropy of intrinsic properties of the solid, which may otherwise be difficult to determine, e.g. compositional lattice-parameter changes or elastic compliance.


School garden programs (SGPs) offer students opportunities to experience and participate in the processes of nature and agriculture through hands-on learning in a wide variety of outdoor settings. Although the value of school gardens has been well documented, there is little-to-no concrete support for these programs within the public-school system itself, either at the local or the provincial level. Most programs operate through the vision and dedication of community members and organizations and/or the efforts of individual educators.
The purpose of this study is to investigate how school garden programs are implemented in a variety of educational settings, and to identify the challenges and opportunities that exist within them. Ten semi-structured, open-ended qualitative interviews were conducted in person or by video platform with teachers and community members who acted as school garden program facilitators in south eastern Ontario. Data analysis shows that SGP facilitators had 4 key motivations for implementing SGPs. These include promoting a connection to nature, fostering values of environmental awareness and stewardship, increasing food literacy skills, and introducing students to broader food system issues of inequity and social justice. The major challenges and opportunities included funding, administrative and operational supports (or lack of), partnerships, and long-term visions. The results point to the need for consistent policies, sustained and reliable funding, and other supports from the Ministry of Education.


The use of Information Technologies (IT) for drug prescribing and dispensing is commonly referred to as ePrescription. This paper focuses on the negative attitudes of Czech physicians towards the upcoming stage of ePrescription ("eRecept") adoption. The goal of this stage had been to make ePrescription mandatory throughout the Czech Republic from January 2018. However, this was reconsidered due to physicians' resistance that culminated in the last few months of 2017. Our qualitative, discourse-oriented analysis focused on this period shows that physicians' criticism can be categorized into five main themes. These are as follows: Deterioration of care; Missing benefits; Medicine is not about IT; High costs of adoption & contract overpricing; State despotism. In addition, the paper contributes to Health IT research by giving some initial hints on the role of specific contextual factors that possibly influence eHealth adoption patterns in the Visegrad group of countries (i.e. Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia).


[Objectives]To analyze the prevalence trend of infectious diseases A and B in Penglai city from 1956 to 2008,provide the theoretical basis for making measures of prevention and control of infectious disease.[Methods]The epidemic data of infectious diseases in Penglai city from 1956 to 2008 were analyzed with method of descriptive epidemiology.[Results]From 1956 to 2008,the morbidity and mortality of notifiable infectious diseases A and B showed a declining trend,the highest and the lowest overall morbidity was 7521.35/100,000(1957) and 103.48/100,000(2007) respectively,and the average annual morbidity was 671.29/100,000.The highest mortality was 55.81/100,000(1958),and average annual mortality was 5.90/100,000.The proportion of infectious diseases types changed obviously.From 1950's to 1960's,the respiratory infectious disease was dominant,and the first five diseases was influenza,measles,pertussis,epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and hepatitis.After 1990's,the intestinal infectious disease was dominant.During 2000—2008,the first five infectious diseases was viral hepatitis,tuberculosis,dysentery,gonorrhea and syphilis.[Conclusion]The working emphasis should be focused on the prevention and control of the intestinal and respiratory infectious disease,and pertinence of measures should be considered.Meanwhile,prevention and monitoring of blood and sexually transmitted diseases should be strengthened.


The aim of this paper is to highlight the place of accordion art in the system of music education. The purpose of this study is to substantiate and clarify the mission of accordion art in the system of music education. Research methodology. The study investigates this issue by examining the basic methods and principles of musicology. Results. The thorough examination needs an issue of the special nature of music, or the language of music, as a specially organized sound palette, since live sound is an extremely unstable material. The article has confirmed that music education, as a means of forming intelligence, music culture, moral qualities, are based on the characteristic features and specific character of music art. The author draws attention that since the combination of music and its social functioning is music culture of society, researchers have an increased focus on the issue of the educational function of music, its significance as a means of communication, communication in society. Studying accordion culture, one should specify the links between the culture of performing artistic images and technical skill in their binary unity, which is specific to vocal culture. The outstanding masters of performing arts never want to shock the public with the technique of performance, but on the contrary, draw attention to the culture of performance, original interpretation, and perfect ownership of the instrument or voice. Novelty. The importance of accordion art is determined not only by the rich historical way of development, but also by the exceptional role in the present. This remark is based on the fact that accordion art is closely linked to rituality, the crucial role of which is the female personality. It is substantiated that accordion art is an integral part of the general system of music education and is an obligatory component of music heritage. The practical significance consists in determining the place of the accordion as a means of music education. The findings can be applied in new developments of the female component in accordion art.


Quick Response Code Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide with increasing mortality rate. The pleura is a common extra pulmonary site of involvement and it is the most common form of extra pulmonary TB only less frequent than lymph nodes involvement. All age groups can be affected by TB. Tuberculous involvement of the pleura usually presents as pleural effusion, empyema or pleural thickening. Rarely, it can present as a pleural mass with or without lung parenchymal involvement. This case is presented to highlight the role of imaging especially plain x-ray and computed tomography to resolve the confusion.


With the development of mobile communication technology,the content data contained in mobile phones have become an important information resource for crime investigation.By using forensic tool and procedure to extract data from memory in SIM card,memory on board and flash memory card in handset,a lot of information included phone user's personal and identification information,content of communication,dialed recording and data written to the phone by user could be obtained.The information resulting from mobile phone analysis could show very high investigative value and evidence value,and therefore mobile phones become a new type object for forensic examination.


Abstract We propose to use a fractional order integrator (1/ s a , a e + ) for simplifying the loop shaping in Quantitative Feedback Theory (QFT). The controller thus obtained is approximated to integer order in frequency domain by using Oustaloup's recursive approximation. The designed controller along with the prefilter is implemented realtime on a coupled-tank system and the experimental results are found to be satisfactory.


The effects of coiling temperature on the microstructure of 510L steel scale were studied by simulation method.The results show that the surface scale 510L steel is mainly made up by FeO and Fe3O4 layer after finish rolling.The eutectoid reaction occurs in FeO layer at different coiling temperature,which can result in the final scale with different structure.The speed of eutectoid reaction in FeO layer at 450 ℃~550 ℃ is fastest,and then the content of Fe3O4 in surface scale can reach most degree in the eutectoid reaction.


Although a considerable amount of research has been performed on an aerobic decomposition, very little, if any, has been aimed specifically at the effect of the nitrogen-to-carbon ratio of organic matter on anaerobic de composition. This research had for its primary objective the determination of the effect of nitrogen and carbon in the organic matter fed each day to an anaerobic digester. In addition, factors such as feed rate, composition of organic material, volatile acids, alka linity, gas production, pH, nitrogen, and solids destruction were evaluated.


OBJECTIVE
To report on a novel weak D type identified in a Chinese individual.

METHODS
Peripheral blood sample was collected for a voluntary blood donor with weakened expression of D antigen. Routine serological testing was carried out to determine the D, C, c, E and e antigens of the Rh blood group. A D-screening kit was used to analyze the RhD epitopes. The 10 exons and flanking intronic regions of the RHD gene were sequenced. The zygosity of RHD was determined with a sequence-specific primer PCR method.

RESULTS
A novel RHD allele, RHD (1022T>A), was found in the subject with a weak D phenotype. Serological testing of the RhD epitopes has coined with the weak D phenotype.

CONCLUSION
A novel weak D allele has been identified in Chinese population.


A new family of bi-polar bi-directional DC-DC converters is generated by using two symmetrical basic blocks, each one formed by a switch, two inductors and two capacitors. The converters provide a reversible output voltage, greater or smaller than the line voltage. Both the direction and the value of the load voltage is dictated by controlling a single parameter: the duty-cycle of the two main switches. The switching operation is very simple: two topologies per cycle, obtained with a PWM controller. The propose converter allow to get extremely low output voltages at the duty ratios near 0.5.


In the effort to obtain synthetic speech with the quality near to natural, and potentially, to be able to build expressive synthesis, the unit selection approach has become very important. To increase the naturalness of our native TTS system ARTIC we employed the specific version of the approach. It is driven by the high–level symbolic prosody description, defined according to the phenomena of prosodic synonymy and homonymy. The concrete prosody of a synthesized phrase is not explicitly set here, but emerges on the basis of the target and concatenation costs. Although this is our first treatment requiring some simplification, and for the synonymy/homonymy phenomena only the basics are defined, the first results have already shown that there is a significant shift towards high quality. Listening tests compar-ing speech from single–instance version to selection–based version of ARTIC showed clear preference of the selection–based version. In addition, the level of naturalness was on average assessed as "close to natural".


specialists in business history. It is a rich recounting of the human side of the rubber story in Akron that makes compelling reading, but scholars will not find developed analyses of business acumen, research triumphs, technological innovations, or corporate strategy. For what the authors and their employer set out to accomplish, however, the result is brilliantly executed. And we should all be so fortunate as to be served by a newspaper whose management is willing to invest so substantially in explaining important subjects to readers.


The author is bringing forward in this paper a surgical classification of encountered congenital malformations of the middle ear. This classification is based on his own experience and is essentially anatomical. A short review of the connected problems and the surgical procedures is presented.


The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular to a self-cleaning type micro-aeration combined constructed wetland sewage treatment system and method. Technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the traditional constructed wetland has lower dissolved oxygen, larger occupancy area, easiness in filler blockage, poor high-concentration sewage treatment effect and the like. The sewage treatment system comprises a pretreatment constructed object, a self-cleaning type micro-aeration vertical baffling wetland sewage treatment device, an ANAMMOX denitrification type lateral undercurrent constructed wetland sewage treatment device and a biologic observation pool, which are sequentially connected in water flow by pipelines. The sewage treatment system has high treatment efficiency and good denitrification effect, and can adapt to different water quality changes; a self-cleaning constructed wetland is not easy to block and can be subjected to backflushing; effluent quality is stable; the long-term stable running of a wetland system is ensured.


markdownabstractThe benefit of Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) blockade in cardiovascular and renal disease is undisputed, but what is still controversial is the optimal degree of RAS blockade. A high degree of RAS blockade may have additional beneficial effects, but also results in a higher incidence of side effects. The degree of blockade can be estimated from the increase in circulating renin, depicting the "recruitment" of new renin-producing cells (RPC) along the afferent arterioles. The long-term consequences of this process are still unknown, nor do we know if it contributes to renal impairment in the future. Besides renin production, RPC would participate directly in the concentric vascular hypertrophy, despite the control of the blood pressure levels.
This thesis focuses on the RPCs, their current knowledge, novel aspects, and a new approach to understand these cells biology. Furthermore, we have analyzed the concept of extrarenal sites of renin production, and the (pro)renin reabsorption in the proximal tubule. Our data support the Juxtaglomerular cells, in the kidney, as only source of renin in the body, on which angiotensin generation depends. The complete understanding of the RPCs "recruitment" and its further consequences, combined with a full comprehension of local (renal) angiotensin production will ultimately allow more effective anti-hypertensive therapies, and better outcomes in patients with cardiovascular and renal pathologies.


Objective To evaluate the antibacterial activity of demethyl vancomycin against coagulase-negative staphylococci(CNS)(S.epidermidis,S.heamolyticus,etc) in vitro.Methods Deterimination of antibacterial activity of demethyl vancomycin against 202 of strains CNS(S.epidermidis,S.heamolyticus,etc) was performed using agar dilution method,and the antibacterial activity of demethyl vancomycin was compared with vancomycin(Lilly).Results The antibacterial efficiency of demethyl vancomycin against 202 strains CNS(S.epidermidis,S.heamolyticus,S lugdunensis,etc) was good,and the MIC50 and MIC90 of it against CNS(methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive) were 2 and 4 mg/L respectively.Conclusion Demethyl vancomycin had strong antibacterial activity against 202 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci,and the sensitive rates of demethyl vancomycin and vancomycin were all 100%.


SINCE THE EARLY 1950S THE U. S. NAVY HAS BEEN OPERATING HIGH PERFORMANCE CARRIER JET AIRCRAFT ON ITS TRAINING AND FLEET SUPPORT STATIONS. THESE AIRCRAFT UTILIZE TIRES WITH INFLATION PRESSURES WHICH HAVE STEADILY INCREASED WITH THE GROSS AIRCRAFT WEIGHTS AND RESTRICTIONS ON THE SIZE OF LANDING GEAR. OPERATIONAL PRESSURES NOW EXCEED 400 P.S.I. THIS PAPER DESCRIBES TYPICAL OPERATIONS AT SEVERAL NAVAL AIR STATIONS, THE CRITERIA TO WHICH FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS HAVE BEEN CONTRUCTED, AND THE PERFORMANCE OF THESE PAVEMENTS. IN GENERAL, THERE ARE MANY WELL CONSTRUCTED HIGH QUALITY FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS PERFORMING WELL UNDER THESE HIGH TIRE PRESSURES AT NAVAL AIR STATIONS. LIMITED FAILURES HAVE OCCURRED IN AREAS OF CONCENTRATED LANDINGS AND OF MARGINAL QUALITY MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION. WHILE REPAIR AND RESURFACING MEASURES HAVE BEEN REQUIRED FOR A NUMBER OF REASONS, FOREMOST OF WHICH IS THE AGING AND EMBRITTLEMENT OF ASPHALT COURSES, NO MAJOR PAVEMENTS MEETING CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS HAVE REQUIRED RECONSTRUCTION BECAUSE OF DISTRESS RELATED TO THE USE OF HIGH PRESSURE TIRES. THE EFFECTS OF LOAD AND TIRE PRESSURE CANNOT BE DEALT WITH SEPARATELY, AND THE NAVY USES A SMALL DIAMETER PLATE TEST WITH LIMITING DEFLECTION CRITERION TO DETERMINE PERMISSIBLE LOAD RATINGS AT HIGH PRESSURES. THIS CRITERION SHOWS FAIR CORRELATION WITH PERFORMANCE BUT FURTHER INVESTIGATIONAL WORK IS CONSIDERED NECESSARY. OF PRIME IMPORTANCE ARE HIGH QUALITY MATERIALS IN THE ASPHALT COURSES AND UPPER BASE COURSE, AND WHERE THESE FALL SIGNIFICANTLY BELOW STANDARD, A LIMIT IS PLACED ON OPERATIONAL TIRE PRESSURES. A MINIMUM THICKNESS OF 4 INCHES IS NOW RECOMMENDED FOR ASPHALT COURSES, BUT SATISFACTORY PERFORMANCE HAS BEEN OBSERVED ON MANY PAVEMENTS WITH THREE-INCH SURFACE COURSES. /AUTHOR/


Helga Grebing reviews the transformation and the continuity in the general reception of Friedrich Ebert as well as her own perception against the background of her biographic experiences with the academic culture of labour historiography since the 1960s. The author traces normative and politicized interpretational approaches of Ebert's political works and points to different forms of ideologization. Furthermore she takes stock of the cognition of a long-standing life dediccated to the academic world concerning both the historical assessment of Ebert's role in the labour movement and the role of historians in Ebert's reception.


Dr. BARBER said he agreed with the President that in the majority of diabetic cases, the xanthoma lesions were of the pink type. He would have called this xanthoma tuberosum, and he did not associate this necessarily with glycosuria or a high blood-sugar, but always with a high cholesterolhemia. In a child under his care, with extensive xanthoma of this type, the blood-sugar was normal, but the blood-cholesterol was very high.


The objective of this study was to compare the clinical features and prognosis of patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of Waldeyer ring (WR‐DLBCL) and patients with lymph node DLBCL (N‐DLBCL).


The hexapeptide dimer (H-Hcy-Glu-His-Phe-D-Lys-Phe-OH)2 was synthesized using solution methods and characterized. Its conversion into H-Met(O2)-Glu-His-Phe-D-Lys-Phe-OH, Org 2766, was studied on a small scale in as short a time as possible; reduction of the disulfide bond using Na/NH3, reaction with CH3I, oxidation with H2O2 and catalyst and purification by HPLC were carried out starting with 2 mg of the dimer in a total preparation time of approximately 22 min, starting with the addition of CH3I. The preparation of the 11C-labelled analogue was carried out by methylation with 11CH3I. Restrictions imposed by working with carbon-11 will be discussed.


The growth of high quality single protein crystals, yielding the highest X-ray resolution, remains a bottleneck in macromolecular crystallography. Convection-free conditions should lead to improved crystal quality, because in such a case growth is slow and the formation of defects and the incorporation of impurities minimized. Convection-free conditions have been achieved in the microgravity environment of space and in magnetic fields, but the impact on protein crystal growth has been limited due to the experimental difficulties with these methods. Here we show that through a laboratory-based setup [1], an entirely convection-free crystallization environment is achieved, which enhances the purity and crystallinity of protein crystals. This is accomplished by using an upside-down geometry, where crystals grow at the 'ceiling' of a growth cell completely filled with the crystallization solution. The 'ceiling crystals' experience the same diffusion-limited conditions as in space microgravity environments. The new method was tested on bovine insuline and two hen egg-white lysozyme polymorphs. In all cases, ceiling crystals diffracted X-rays to resolution limits beyond their current world records, even while solutions of moderate purity were used. The structure for bovine insuline was solved to a resolution of 1.6 Å (compared with the previous record of 2.25 Å). The enhanced purification in the ceiling geometry is further demonstrated by comparing the crystal morphology and the fluorescence from impurities between normal batch-grown and ceiling crystals.


The species Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong widely distributed in Brazil is quite suitable for the reforestation of deforested areas. The removal of native vegetation in different Brazil's ecosystems induces the need for studies on the acquisition quality seedlings of forest, the substrate being necessary to obtain satisfactory results. The study was to evaluate the efficiency of different substrates on the seedling emergence and initial growth of E. contortisiliquum. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse belongings to the department of Plant and Environmental Sciences at the Center for Agricultural Sciences (CCA) of the Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Areia-PB, following a completely randomized design. The treatments were substrates made from the mixture of sand (75-100%) subsoil (75-100%), vermiculite (50-100%) wood powder (25-50%), coconut powder (25-50%) and carbonated rice husk (25-50%). To evaluate the effect of treatments was determined by the following characteristics: percentage of emergence, speed of emergence index, relative frequency of emergency, length and dry mass of shoots and roots of seedlings. The incorporation of 50% carbonated rice husk, sawdust or vermiculite, coconut fiber to provide high seedling emergence of E. contortisiliquum.


The Hakka folk song is the folk song of the Hakka dialect region,much performed on stage with the Hakka dialect,up to now still deeply liked by Hakkanese in the world.Its lyrics have the fresh and clear special features with melody,but conceal among them special but abundant and beautiful stanza rhythm which was usually neglected by people.In fact,regardless of the contents, form of the lyrics with rhythm,rhythm and song type construction,aspects of the melody,the Hakka folk song is free and careful and accepts the ancient manners,which enriches the romantic stanza rhythm of beauty.


Our initial phase of operation has been in an asymmetric mode with only a single energized electrode (the second electrode port being fitted with a window). As described in the companion paper, the new source readily forms spheromak plasmas that are equivalent in their parameters to those achieved previously with a coaxial source in the same facility. In this paper we describe the behavior of currents and fields in the m = 1 source and examine the extent to which the basic design principles outlined above apply to its actual operation.


Disclosed is a rubber composition for a conveyor belt, which is characterized by containing 0.5-3 parts by mass of zinc dimethacrylate, 1-10 parts by mass of a cobalt neodecanoate compound and 0.5-4 parts by mass of cobalt stearate per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. Also disclosed is a conveyor belt in which a galvanized steel cord that is covered with an adhesive rubber layer is arranged as the core body between cover rubber layers, said conveyor belt being characterized in that the adhesive rubber layer is formed from the above-described rubber composition. The rubber composition has excellent adhesion to a galvanized steel cord, good roll formability and good laminatability. The conveyor belt using the rubber composition has excellent durability and productivity.


3D printing is a new type of mainstream processing technology in the field of industrial design. Compared with traditional manufacturing technology, 3D printing can manufacture more complex products with low cost, high efficiency and simple operation. It use the computer software design and modeling of three-dimensional digital materials with the material printer to promote the manufacture of products. Industrial design is one of the most important applications of 3D printing technology, so the author mainly studies and analysis the opportunities brought by 3D printing technology for industrial design and how to actively face the challenge. Through the research, we found that 3D printing technology has brought good prospects for industrial design, which not only accelerate the development of industrial design, but also make the manufacturing of products to meet the needs of more users.


In the vegetables tomato, brinjal and chillies are well known and very popular vegetable grown successfully throughout the year in India, at the spacing of 45 to 60 cm in rows and 30 to 60 cm in plants and they require approximately 55 to 70 days for flowering after transplanting. Therefore, the inter space of these crops can be utilized by taking the intercrops of either of short duration like radish, coriander and palak our having straight growth like onion. In the present investigation intercropping of coriander, onion, palak and radish in rabi season with solanaceous vegetable crops is profitable. Intercropping of coriander with brinjal gave highest net profit followed by radish with tomato and palak with chilli.


This paper investigates the conditions facilitating career transitions across dissimilar cultural contexts. Particular attention is devoted to two critical obstacles faced by transitioners during cross-cultural role reorientations. First, transitioners must make sense of the unspoken demands and requirements ascribed to their work role in the new cultural context. Second, they must find ways to access and mobilize context-specific resources and information in a context alien to them. Empirically, the histories of 452 merchants emigrated from the southern provinces to Amsterdam during the period 1578–1602 are analyzed. The difference between Amsterdam's merchant culture (based on open competition, speculative and "depersonalized" financial investments) and that of the southern provinces (a well-protected economic environment based on the guild system) required a reorientation from the role of pre-modern merchants to that of capitalist entrepreneurs. A set of hypotheses predicting why some immigrant merchants successfully completed this career transition while others did not is presented and brought to test.


Abstract 3078 Chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (CMNs) include Polycythemia Vera (PV), Essential Thrombocythemia (ET), and Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF). So far limited studies of familial clusters of CMNs have been reported.Familial chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms are defined when in the same pedigree at least two relatives have CMNs. Familial CMNs should be distinguished from inherited disorders with Mendelian transmission, high penetrance and polyclonal haematopoiesis named 'hereditary erythrocytosis9 and 'hereditary thrombocytosis9. Recently a 5- to 7-fold higher risk of MPN among first-degree relatives of patients with MPNs was reported. These findings support the limited studies suggesting a familial clustering in MPNs. The analysis of mutations of JAK2 and MPL may improve our ability to identify these conditions. In a consecutive series of patients observed in our Institution from January 2000 to June 2010, we found that among 460 patients with sporadic CMNs and 94 Ph1 positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the prevalence of familial cases was 4%.With 22 pedigrees, 44 patients (8%) were identified with two relatives affected. Familial CMNs were 11 PV,14 ET,7 PMF, 5 CML respectively, while sporadic cases were 96 PV,204 ET,115 PMF and with other 45 CMNS not furtherly classified. As far as the distribution of the different CMNs within the familial cluster, We observed that only in 4 of 22 families (18%) all the affected relatives were diagnosed with the same disease (homogeneous pattern: PV one family and ET three families), whereas 14 families exhibited a mixed distribution among PV, ET and PMF. 8 families exhibited CMNs associated with other hematological disease such as chrocic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), myelodisplastic syndrome (MDS). Among this, 6 families presented a first or second degree of relationship of first and second generation. In 10 cases the relatives were brothers, affected by familial CMNs with a prevalence of PV and TE clinical phenotype at diagnosis.According to JAK2 (V617F) mutational status, analyzed in 30 out of 44 patients, 19 patients showed a positivity pattern, while 18 families showed a heterogeneous pattern; they included both JAK2 (V617F) -positive and JAK2 (V617F)-negative patients. Among the 19 patients with JAK2 (V617F) positivity, the distribution of positivity according to the diagnosis was 100% of PV, 45% of ET and 55%of PMF; homozygosity was present only in PV cases. In our series, only two members of the same family were affected by familial CMNs. Finally it should be noted that in our series of familial cases clinical presentation, therapeutic approach and type and severity of complications were comparable to that of sporadic cases. In conclusion, the present study indicates the relevant possibility of familial CMNs, thus suggesting the opportunity of a detailed family history as part of the initial work-up of patients with CMDs; in addition it also suggests the usefulness of an accurate biological study. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Incomplete information system is commonly encountered to emitter recognition problem in practical reconnaissance environment. The main reason is that reports with emitter parameter values are unknown. In order to solve emitter recognition problems in incomplete information system, rough set theory is introduced. A new emitter recognition method to incomplete information system based on rough set theory is presented in this paper. This recognition method does not change emitters' original information, and it reduces knowledge and finds decision rules directly from incomplete decision table. Example of recognizing the radar emitter is selected to demonstrate this new method. Experimental results show that this new recognition method is effective


Sentiment analysis is a machine learning approach in which machines analyzes and classifies the sentiments, emotions, opinions about any particular topics or entity which are expressed in the form of text or speech. Due to large volume of textual data increasing on the web so much of the current research is focusing on the area of sentiment analysis. People are interested to develop and design a system that can identify and classify the sentiments as represented in textual form. Sentiment analysis is used to extract the subjective information in source material by applying various techniques such as Natural language Processing (NLP), Computational Linguistics and text analysis and classify the polarity of the opinion. In this paper, we are going to discuss different levels of sentiment analysis, approaches for sentiment classification, Data Source for sentiment analysis and comparative study of approaches for sentiment classification. Keywords— Sentiment Analysis, Opinion Extraction, Text Mining, Natural Language Processing, Subjective Analysis, Machine Learning Algorithm.


A survey is conducted on the soil phosphorus situations and phosphate fertilizer efficacy in Shenyang area.Multipoint experiment method is adopted to determine the phosphorus content in farmland soil and to examine its effect on the yield of spring wheat.The results show that the average content of available P in 0~20 cm plough layer in Shenyang area is 9.9 mg/kg,or of a relatively low level;90% of farmland is capable of increasing yield of 15.0%~26.0% through application of phosphate fertilizer,which shows that soil available phosphorus is an important factor in determining crop yields and increasing phosphorus is an important measure.


In an asynchronous PWM method, the ratio of the carrier frequency to the fundamental frequency must be at least 15-20 in order to suppress the beat phenomenon. However, it is impossible to achieve this condition for large capacity inverters (e.g. GTO inverters), when the fundamental frequency is high. Assuming that the beat phenomenon is caused by an error generated in the PWM process, the authors introduce a compensator to reduce the error. As a result, beat phenomenon can be decreased for a low carrier frequency. Effectiveness of the proposed method is shown by experimental results.


Introduction Treatment of accompanying somatic disorders in patients with schizophrenia is a crucial issue, as those people die about 25 years earlier, compared with the general population. Moreover, premature death in this group of patients is more often caused by comorbidities than by suicide. It is worth emphasizing that cardiovascular disease itself in people with schizophrenia accounts for as much as 23% of causes of death, followed by suicides and drug toxicity. The paper presents a description of a 65-year-old patient diagnosed with schizophrenia, alcohol addiction, metabolic syndrome, and cardiac arrhythmia. Objectives To determine the impact of cooperation between medical specialists and a psychiatric patient on the treatment effect. Methods A case of a patient treated in a day ward is described. A literature search was made in the PubMed database. Results A patient after exacerbations of mental illness, often preceded by a return to alcohol use, tends to discontinue both psychiatric drugs and those prescribed for somatic diseases. Due to the diagnosed atrial fibrillation, sudden discontinuation of cardiac medications significantly increases the risk of life-threatening somatic complications, including stroke. Conclusions Diagnostic and therapeutic management in the treatment of psychiatric and somatic diseases with concurrent addiction to psychoactive substances requires interdisciplinary cooperation of medical specialists with the patient to achieve a successful outcome. Summarizing, in treatment, we must always look at the patient as a whole. Aside from caring for the mental state, the physical condition along with the possibility of cooperation on the part of the patient remains essential. Disclosure No significant relationships.


Method for protecting against manipulations in a control device (1) for at least one motor vehicle component, at least one micro-computer (.mu.C) and at least one memory module (2, 3), characterized in that for the operation of the control unit (1) necessary code in at least a master code (MC), the basic functions for operating the control device (1), in particular a for the operation of the control unit (1) necessary program includes, and at least one sub-code (SC), the other programs for the operation of the control unit (1), is divided, wherein at least the master code (1) in a read-protected, only one-time recordable area (11) of the microcomputer (.mu.C) is stored and the master code (MC) the manipulation of the sub-code (SC) monitors.


This is a hypothesis that the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS, crib death) results from a relative magnesium (Mg) deficiency in respect to calcium in a stressed, young infant. Multiparity in the very young, poor mother living under stressful urban conditions favors the development of maternal and fetal magnesium deficiency. The prematurely born infant has reduced magnesium stores and may have respiratory distress at birth, requiring diuretics and respiratory stimulants that provoke increased urinary loss of magnesium. The relative calcium excess in a stressed infant results in platelet aggregation chiefly in the pulmonary microvasculature with massive release of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), catecholamines and other mediators of shock. TXA2 causes apnea and sudden death by promoting constriction of pulmonary and coronary vessels, bronchoconstriction, and further platelet aggregation. These effects normally are counterbalanced by prostacyclin, PGI2, which is synthesized in the vascular endothelium. PGI2 produc...


The utility model provides a computerized electric lifting upright bed, and relates to medical treatment equipment. A horizontal rising bedstead is capable of being lifted relative to a fixed bedstead, a lower rising bedstead is capable of being erected at a certain angle relative to the horizontal rising bedstead, the lower rising bedstead is connected with an upper rising bedstead through a hinge, and the upper rising bedstead is provided with a rotating device which is capable of freely rotating at a certain angle relative to the lower rising bedstead. The utility model has the following notable effects: 1, a foot board capable of angle adjustment is provided for ankle rectification practice of patients ; 2, a lower bed surface which is capable of angle alteration within a range of 0-90 degrees can meet the requirements of rising practices in different stages; 3, an upper bed surface capable of being upwardly pulled at angle of 0 to 60 degrees relative to the lower bed surface is provided for providing patients with a relatively comfortable body position; 4, an upper limbs support table is erected for facilitating the movement of upper limbs; and 5, computer control contributes to more convenient, reasonable and humanized operation.


Background: Persistent and modest elevation of serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT) is frequently observed in heart failure (HF) patients without coronary artery disease, although the mechanisms underlying this finding remain unclear. This study investigated factors associated with cTnT release from failing myocardium. Methods and Results: We evaluated serum cTnT levels in aortic root (Ao) and coronary sinus (CS) using a highly sensitive assay in 62 nonischemic HF patients and 19 non-HF patients. Transcardiac cTnT and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) release were described as the differences between CS and Ao cTnT levels [Δ cTnT (CS-Ao)] and BNP levels [Δ BNP (CS-Ao)]. Coronary flow reserve (CFR) was measured in 45 HF patients using an intracoronary Doppler guidewire. The cTnT levels in Ao (Ao-cTnT) were detectable (cTnT >3 ng/L) in 55 HF patients and 11 non-HF patients (89% vs. 58%, P=0.003), and ΔcTnT (CS-Ao) was higher in HF patients (3.5±4.4 ng/L) than in non-HF patients (1.2±0.6 ng/L; P<0.001). Amo...


Dizygotic twin brothers affected by both ichthyosis and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis are described. Familial and biochemical studies demonstrated that the ichthyosis was X‐linked with deficiency of steroid sulphatase. This observation suggests that an X‐linked recessive gene may operate with other genetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.


OBJECTIVE:To evaluate types of ADR/ADE induced by TCM injection in National Essential Drug List(2004 edition) systematically,and to provide reference for rational use and safe suggestions of TCM injections and risk management.METHODS:The types of ADR/ADE induced by TCM injection were analyzed descriptively by systematic review and retrospective analysis.The statistics of ADR/ADE was analyzed by Pareto chart.RESULTS CONCLUSION:Of various ADR/ADE,case number of lesion of skin and its appendants,systemic damage and gastrointestinal damage were 2 160,1 035 and 446,and constituent ratios were 46.11%,22.10% and 9.52%,respectively.Accumulative constituent ratio was 77.73%,ranging from 46%~80%.Great importance should be attached to ADR/ADE induced by TCM injection,especially above ADR/ADE,to promote rational use of TCM injection.


Fluorescence decay measurements of dansyl-labeled poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA) have shown that, at low pH, PMA chains form highly compact hydrophobic clusters, which are joined by short extended polymer chains. During the transition from the compact to the expanded form, the size of the clusters decreases up to a limit, beyond which the clusters disintegrate completely to an expanded polymer chain. The effect of PMA molar mass and ionic strength on this process was investigated


In this paper, we present a biologically-inspired object recognition system for humanoid robots. Our approach is based on a hierarchical model of the visual cortex for feature extraction and rapid scene categorization of natural images. We enhanced the model to be entropy-aware and real-time capable, to be able to realize object recognition over time. We integrate time in our system to model uncertainty in static object recognition by evaluating multiple recognition results of objects observed at different view-points over time using the camera system on a humanoid robot. The recognition responses are encoded as probability estimates over each trained object class. We apply a signal detection theory approach to describe the temporally and spatially distributed signals to gain a value of certainty about the object class. We show that our enhanced model outperforms the preceding model and that by integrating time as a variable we created a highly robust object recognition system.


Two frequently used measures of relative stand density, the tree area ratio and the stand density index, were fitted to data from Allegheny hardwood stands. Both were modified to reflect the influence of species composition, since the proportion of the basal area in different species groups had an important effect on the measurement of relative stand density in this mixed species forest type. The tree area ratio model provided a better fit to the data than the stand density index model, particularly when adapted to include three species groups: one based on Prunusserotina Ehrh. and Liriodendrontulipifera L., one based on Acerrubrum L., and one based on Acersaccharum Marsh, and Fagusgrandifolia Ehrh.


The article defines a concept of the Bydgoszcz Water Junction, presents its characteristic and the main trends in development and revitalization of the rivers and riverside areas in Bydgoszcz as well as the selected projects and actions driving at better, more effective use of the Bydgoszcz Water Junction's development potential. The Bydgoszcz Water Junction is the unique hydrotechnical system in the Bydgoszcz area that consists of the Brda and Vistula Rivers, so called the Old Bydgoszcz Canal and the New Bydgoszcz Canal, the Flis Stream and some hydrotechnical buildings. This designation also includes the riverside areas connected with the system mentioned above. In the nearest future, The Bydgoszcz Water Junction should become one of the basic everyday and holiday recreation areas for the Bydgoszcz citizens and the place of an increased investment activity. That is why it is required to take up a number of actions related to a complex management of the waterways, together with their direct neighborhood.


The muzzle velocity variation is a parameter of many kinds of accelerators. Actively reducing this value is achieved by observing the motion of the accelerated object during launch and by adjusting the propelling force to achieve the desired velocity. Applying this method to classical gas guns requires a controllable energy source. Experiments with gas-driven accelerators achieve limited success due to severe energy transfer and timing problems. The railgun overcomes these limitations as it uses an electromagnetic field as a propellant that is able to transport power with almost the velocity of light. Using multiple independent capacitor modules, feeding the railgun enables a flexible release of energy. Results are presented from experimental investigations on the control of the acceleration in an augmented railgun. The observation of the accelerated object's motion is performed using a light barrier system. The output signal is read by a micro-controller that decides at which points in time the capacitor modules will be switched on based on a control algorithm. It is shown that the muzzle velocity variation can be reduced by shifting the switch-on points in time of the capacitor modules.


RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers were applied to evaluate genetic diversity of South Tunisian barley accessions. Of the 49 fragments generated by 4 selected primers (OPA-04, OPA-18, UBC-490 and UBC-534) 42 appeared to be polymorphic. These RAPD bands were used to calculate Jaccard's distance coefficient for cluster analysis using an arithmetic averaging algorithm (UPGMA). The genetic distance of the 20 studied accessions ranged between 0.25 and 0.68. Of the accessions 39.5% have a wide genetic distance (more than 0.6) and 60.5% are characterized by a distance ranged between 0.3-0.6. The analysis of the hierarchical tree shows the presence of four ramifications thus translating great genetic diversity.


Objective To evaluate influences of treated dose adriamycin (ADR) on heart function and trace element content of left ventricular tissue and protective effect of taurine (Tau) on rabbit myocardium. Methods The pure New Zealand rabbits were assigned randomly to adriamycin (ADR) group(n=9),control group(n=9) and ADR+Tau group (n=8).Rabbits of ADR group received an injection of ADR (2mg/kg, i.v.) once a week.For 8 weeks of experiment, rabbits of control group were similarly injected with saline.Rabbits of ADR+Tau group received an injection of ADR (2 mg/kg.i.v.) once a week and from the third week the rabbits received Tau(200mg/kg, per os) once a day. Heart rate (HR),cardiac output (CO), blood pressure (BP),ferrum(Fe) and magnesium(Mg) of left ventricular tissue were examined 3 weeks after last time of injection. Results CO and BP were significantly decreased in the ADR group compared with the control group (P0.01). BP was significantly decreased in the ADR+tau group compared with the control group(P0.01). The content of Fe and Mg in control group was significantly higher than that of ADR group (P0.05,P0.01).The Fe content of ADR group was significantly lower than that of taurine-treated group (P0.05). Conclusion Heart function is decreased by treated-dose ADR injection. Tau would play a protective role on rabbit myocardium.


Abstract To investigate the synergistic effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in combination with magnesium hydroxide (MH) on the flame retardant poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA), a series of EVA-based composites filled with CNTs, MH, a mixture of MH and CNTs, and MH-modified CNTs (MH-CNTs) were prepared. Characterizations of the fillers and the composites were performed by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and cone calorimetry. The results indicated that the presence of CNTs affected the size of the attaching MH, which was decreased to around 20 nm. MH also had an enlarged special surface area in the MH-CNTs. A synergism was found in the MH-CNTs on the thermal retardant EVA composites due to the interaction between MH and CNTs.


A regular integral equation based on the direct boundary element method is developed to solve the exterior acoustic radiation and scattering problems. By taking an imaginary source surface inside the radiating boundary and following the usual discretization and integration procedures employed in the boundary element method, both the singularities of the integrands and the nonuniqueness problems do not arise. In addition, multiple collocation points with different outward normals can be placed at same position, thus the difficulty of slope discontinuity can be overcome. This procedure is formulated in a similar fashion of wave superposition method, except that the direct boundary integral equations are adopted. The proposed formulation employ the surface Helmholtz integral equation and its normal gradient like that adopted in the Burton-Miller approach, but do not use coupling constant. The versatility and accuracy of the proposed formulation are demonstrated by numerical examples involving sphere, prolate spheroid, and cube. Transactions on Modelling and Simulation vol 24, © 1999 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-355X 488 Boundary Elements


At the relatively high takeoff speeds of supersonic transport aircraft, an important question concerns whether the flight speed affects the noise of suppressor nozzles. To answer this question, flyover and static tests using a modified F-106B aircraft were conducted on a 104-tube suppressor nozzle. Comparison of adjusted flyover and static spectra indicated that flight velocity had a small adverse effect on the suppression of the 104-tube suppressor. The adverse effect was larger with the acoustic shroud installed than without it.


Purpose To differentiate by localized bioimpedance (L-BIA) measurements 24 h after injury, between tendinous, myotendinous junction (MTJ), and myofascial junction (MFJ) injuries, previously diagnosed by MRI exam. To evaluate by L-BIA, the severity of MTJ injuries graded from 1 to 3, and to determine the relationship between days to return to play (RTP) and L-BIA measurements. Methods 3T MRI and tetra polar L-BIA was used to analyzed 37 muscle injuries 24 h after injury in 32 male professional football players, (23.5 ± 1.5 kg m–2; 1.8 ± 0.1 m; 20–30 year.) between the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 seasons. Muscle injuries were classified by The British Athletics Muscle Injury Classification (BAMIC). Percentage difference of L-BIA parameters [resistance (R), reactance (Xc), and phase angle (PA)] of the injured side were calculated considering contralateral non-injured side as the reference value. Results According to BAMIC classification and by MRI exam, we found tendinous (n = 4), MTJ (n = 26), and MFJ (n = 7) muscle injuries. In addition, MTJ injuries were grouped according to the severity of injury in grade 1 (n = 11), grade 2 (n = 8), and grade 3 (n = 7). Significant decrease (P < 0.01) was found in the L-BIA parameters R, Xc, and PA, in both MTJ and MFJ as well as in the different grades of MTJ injuries. In particular, in Xc (P < 0.001), which is related to muscle cell disruption. Regarding days to RTP, there was statistical significance among the three different grades of MTJ injuries (P < 0.001), especially when grade 1 was compared to grade 3 and grade 2 compared to 3. Conclusion L-BIA is a complementary method to imaging diagnostic techniques, such as MRI and US, to quantify MTJ and MFJ injuries. In addition, the increase in the severity of the MTJ injury resulted in higher changes of the Xc parameter and longer time to RTP.


The present invention relates to a kind of synthetic method of vinyl potassium trifluoborate.By acetylene 10~0 o It is slowly introducing under the conditions of C in the dichloromethane solution of boron trihalides, it is quenched under acid condition and obtains boric acid, the trans potassium fluoborate of halogen ethene three is then obtained with potassium fluoride and winestone acid reaction, after is finally reacted with zinc or lithium, proton solvent is quenched after processing, obtains vinyl potassium trifluoborate.It is corrosion-free to glass equipment compared with conventional method, without condition of ultralow temperature, it is more suitable for industrial amplification production.


www.escholarship.org/uc/item/799781zf GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY LABORATORY 8100 Wyoming Blvd., Ste M4-158 Albuquerque, NM 87113 USA LETTER REPORT AN ENERGY-DISPERSIVE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS OF CHOCTAW CERAMIC SHERDS FROM SOUTHEASTERN OKLAHOMA 21 February 2015 Shawn Lambert Oklahoma Archaeological Survey University of Oklahoma 111 E Chesapeake, Rm 102 Norman, OK 73019-5111 Dear Shawn: I have taken the liberty of sending a letter report given the recent larger analysis and thorough report (Shackley 2015). Refer to the methods in that report. Specific instrumental methods can be found at http://www.swxrflab.net/anlysis.htm, and Shackley (2005). Source assignment was made by comparison to the same SARM-69 ceramic standard (Table 1). Sample numbers are the site number suffix (i.e. 366 for 34MC8/366). Sincerely, M. Steven Shackley, Ph.D. Director VOICE: 510-393-3931 INTERNET: firstname.lastname@example.com http://www.swxrflab.net/


A chronically infected sacral wound requiring repeated shaving, cleansing and dressing after treatment of pilonidal sinus disrupts both work and social activity.


Studies conducted so far have mainly focused on investigating the characteristics of effective foreign language teachers to understand the role of teacher effectiveness in the process of language learning, while there is scarcity of studies focusing on the perceptions of the characteristics of effective foreign language teaching of the students of Department of English Language Teaching (ELT) and Department of English Language and Literature (EL&L) who are the major candidates of English language teaching profession in Turkey. Thus, this study aims to examine the perceptions of prospective English teachers with regard to their department and demographic variables. Effective Teacher Questionnaire (10) was used to obtain data from ELT (n=212) and EL&L (n=192) students. The t test results indicated that there was a significant difference between ELT students' and EL&L students' perceptions of an effective foreign language teacher with regard to the mean scores in favor of the former. Also, the t test results indicated that there was a significant difference between daytime students and night-time students with regard to the mean scores. In the light of the findings, some practical recommendations are provided.


This paper is a sequel to an earlier paper 1 which criticized the UK Research Assessment Exercise (henceforth RAE), and argued that its likely effect is to make the research output of the UK worse rather than better. The aim of the present paper is to complement this criticism by putting forward a positive suggestion, and so, in the paper, I will outline a way of organising research which I think would produce better results than the RAE.


Most people in Indonesia are already familiar with salak, especially "salak pondoh", a variant of salak or snake fruit that is grown and developed in the District of Sleman, Special Province of Yogyakarta. Salak pondoh is getting more and more popular because it tastes sweeter than the other types of salak found in other provinces in Indonesia such as Sumatra, Java, and Bali. Nowadays when people hear the word "Salak Pondoh", they will instantly accredit it to the special snake fruit from Sleman, Yogyakarta. One of the villages in the District of Sleman that is now known as the main producer of Salak Pondoh is Bangunkerto.


Alcott, Louisa May. A Modern Mephistopheles. New York: Bantam Books, 1987. 155 pp. $3.50. Alexander, Thomas M. John Dewey's Theory of Art, Experience and Nature: The Horizons of Feeling. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1987. 325 pp. Attridge, Derek, Geoff Bennington, and Robert Young, eds. Post-Structuralism and the Question of History. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987. 292 pp. $39.50. Babbitt, Milton. Words about Music. Ed. Stephen Dembski and Joseph N. Straus. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1987. 205 pp. $22.50. Barnard, John. John Keats. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987. 172 pp. $39.50. Barthes, Roland. Criticism and Truth. Ed. and trans. Katrine Pilcher Keuneman. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987. 119 pp. $25.00 (cloth); $10.95 (paper). Bender, Eileen Teper. Joyce Carol Oates, Artist in Residence. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987. 207 pp. $29.95 (cloth); $9.95 (paper). Benstock, Shari, ed. Feminist Issues in Literary Scholarship. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987. 242 pp. Birks, Walter, and R. A. Gilbert. The Treasure of Montsegur: A Study of the Cathar Heresy and the Nature of the Cathar Secret. Rochester, Vt.: Aquarian Press, 1987. 166 pp. $9.95. Biasing, Mutlu Konuk. American Poetry: The Rhetoric of Its Forms. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1987. 248 pp. $24.00. Bordo, Susan R. The Flight to Objectivity: Essays in Cartesianism and Culture. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1987. 145 pp. $34.50 (cloth); $12.95 (paper). Bowie, Malcolm. Freud, Proust and Lacan: Theory as Fiction. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1987. 225 pp. $39.50. Breton, Andre. Mad Love. Trans. Mary Ann Caws. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1987. 129 pp. $17.50. Burkhart, Charles. The Pleasure of Miss Pym. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1987. 120 pp. $17.95 (cloth); $8.95 (paper). Buttigieg, Joseph A. "A Portrait of the Artist" in Different Perspective. Athens:


Methemoglobin formation in the blood of animals injected with nitroglycol has been reported by many investigators1,2,3,4), and the mechanism was clarified by us.5) The formation of methemoglobin was not however observed in the blood of dynamite workers who were working in the plant, in which air contained about 0.2-2 ppm nitroglycol, for about 6 hours a day.6) The reason why methemoglobin was not observed in the workers has been supposed to be due to the strong reduction of methemoglobin in man or the small amount of nitroglycol introduced into the body. We examined the velocity of methemoglobin formation by nitroglycol on various species of animals. For this purpose, crystallized or partially purified hemoglobin was prepared from the blood of animals. Fifty ƒÊM of hemoglobin and 10mM of nitroglycol were incubated at pH 6.8 and 25•Ž, and the change of optical density at 630 mƒÊ, which is a light absorption maximum of methemoglobin, was followed by using a Cary recording spectrophotometer model 14. Then, the velocity of methemoglobin formation was calculated as ƒÊM of methemoglobin formed per min. The results were summarized in Table 1. As indicated in the table, the oxidation velocity of human hemoglobin was most small in various species of hemoglobin examined. The velocity of human hemoglobin was about one-twentieth of that of rabbit hemoglobin. This means that the amount of methemoglobin formed in the blood of man by the same amount of nitroglycol is only 1% when 20% of hemoglobin is formed in the blood of rabbit by nitroglycol injection. The velocity and the amount of methemoglobin formed in the blood by nitroglycol injection may be assumed to be due to the species of hemoglobin, probably structural speciality


Abstract This research is to aim at interpretation of trial activity in court in terms of information. This research is to explain the meaning, function and support condition of information, function and support condition, and then it applies two concepts of stereotyping and signaling to illustrate the methodology of information processing, which indicates the information processing is involved cost-benefit analysis. The different social members result in different cost and benefit due to the difference on the role they play. The method of information processing is accordingly different. The court attends the social activity and social event as the role of referee in terms of games. In contrast of player, the cost of the recognition of fact is high and the pursuit of benefit is reputation and authority, which truly affects information processing. The next stage is to analyze the features of trial activity in court from two different point of views of norm and real cases to ascertain the norm and the message which court delivers to society through trial activity is an asset with economic value and with objective standard for evaluation. Moreover, the method of production is based on the feature of role for court as referee in games to develop the law and jurisprudence in order to reduce the processing cost in production process. Therefore the law is the auxiliary instrument in the production process of norm in court. The law has been formed by adoption the "Inductive Method" by using the historical experience. The empirical part has been extracted to become the rule or order. The daily work in court is mainly to proceed the individual case and solve the problem. The law and jurisprudence of general case is unnecessarily able to concern its distinction entirely. Even the design of instrument for law itself has the drawback, so therefore in the trial process in court, these drawbacks and problems need to be adjusted and revised. In addition, the goal of releasing the normal information is for the vision to the future in order to maximization of social welfare. The law instrument might be lack of entire consideration or too abstract in the application of the future cases since it has established by the foundation of past experience. By this time the methodology of case studies of Law and Economics will enhance the value of normal information which court produces and make it more friendly and more convincing to social members. When the court realizes its social mission and social value, it should make its efforts to improve and enhance the value of standardized information and as well reduce the cost when social members apply and adopt the normal information. Keywords: Stereotyping; Signaling; Economics of Information; Law and Economics; Information; Rent Seeking ; Methodology of Law


The higher‐level relationships of butterflyfishes were examined using 37 morphological characters. This analysis combines characters derived from a histological study describing variation in the morphology of the laterophysic connection (an association between the swim bladder and the lateral‐line canals) with previously described morphological characters. The phylogenetic analysis resulted in four equally parsimonious trees that only differed in the placement of two of the 11 chaetodontid genera (Amphichaetodon and Forcipiger). We compare our analysis with previous hypotheses, present a new taxonomy consistent with the proposed cladistic relationships, and diagnose Chaetodon with five unreversed synapomorphies, including the evolution of characters composing the laterophysic connection. A new character‐based diagnosis of Chaetodon is provided and species are allocated accordingly; Chaetodon now includes the former Parachaetodon ocellatus and excludes the former subgenera Prognathodes and Roa. The evolution of the laterophysic connection is examined by optimizing character‐state transformations on the new hypothesis of relationships.


Purpose of review The purpose of this review is to provide an organized overview of the current literature regarding novel biological strategies for treating intervertebral disk degeneration. Recent findings The new biological treatments involve three basic approaches: protein therapy, gene therapy, and cell therapy. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of each approach in modulating the biology of the intervertebral disk. Summary Although these studies have established the theoretical benefits of biological modulation, significant work remains to be accomplished before human clinical trials can be considered.


The traditional method of flood frequency analysis by Pearson Type Ⅲ Distribution is required that data fitting and drawing need to be done manually . It is inconvenient. In this paper, a new method using Microsoft Excel software to calculate coefficients and draw probability diagram is presented. This metho d is accurate, convenient, and has better practical values.


Objectives. Atypical meningiomas are more likely to recur than benign meningioma. Th e benefi ts of adjuvant radiotherapy are not known with confl icting results in the literature. Th ere is wide variation in the use of post-operative radiotherapy in atypical meningioma worldwide. Th is study evaluated the eff ect of early adjuvant radiotherapy following resection of atpyical meningioma. Design. Triple centre, retrospective case review. Subjects. Adults with atypical meningioma diagnosed between 2001 and 2010. Multiple meningioma, NF2 and radiotherapy-induced meningioma were excluded. Methods. Surgery was defi ned as gross total resection (GTR: Simpson I-III) or subtotal resection (STR: Simpson IV-V). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed for overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). Results. 136 patients were identifi ed; median age 62 years (22 – 86), median follow-up 57.3 months (0.1 – 152). Tumours location was convexity (50.0%), falcine/parasagittal (27%), skull base (19%), other (4%). GTR (84.6%) was associated with longer 5-year PFS (80.7 vs. 41.8%, p  0.002) and a trend towards longer 5-year OS (76.1 vs. 40.4%, p  0.079). After GTR, 29.6% received adjuvant radiotherapy, which did not improve 5-year OS (77 vs. 74%; log rank, p  0.663) or 5-year PFS (5-year PFS 82 vs. 78%; log rank, p  0.625). Conclusions. Extent of resection is an important prognostic variable. Adjuvant radiotherapy did not improve PFS or OS. Prospective randomized controlled trials are planned (ROAM: Radiation versus Observation in Atypical Meningioma).


Background  Clinical and histopathological differential diagnosis is usually impossible in drug‐induced lichen planus (LP) and idiopathic LP. Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug, which is widely used for its analgesic, antipyretic and anti‐inflammatory effects. To the best of our knowledge, two case reports on naproxen‐induced LP have been reported.


With the advent of technology the healthcare solutions can be delivered to the intended user by enabling technology solution. The traditional healthcare methodology is being replaced by smarter health care clouds. The research highlights on potential and challenges of integrating cloud enabled healthcare systems. The Software as a Service (SaaS) for healthcare is developed to handle readily changing doctor and patient needs across the globe. The paper highlights benefits and challenges of using cloud based healthcare systems. Further the discussions are applied on the different health care clouds and models that can be implemented by the healthcare industry. It further illustrates architecture and leading providers of SaaS based solutions to the healthcare practitioners. How the companies have applied SaaS for viable business healthcare model. Discussions are also applied on how data mining techniques for cloud based healthcare big data can help in extracting valuable information.


This article argues that new international programs within public secondary schools in China represent a vigorous and legitimatized approach to meeting the demands of newly affluent Chinese families for precollegiate education that equals the best international standards and constitutes preparation for higher education at the leading universities of the U.S., U.K., Australia, and beyond. From a transnational perspective, it offers insights into the changes that have taken place within China over the last decade as well as provides an overview of some of the variation in educational programs and practices as they relate to the internationalization of secondary education in China.


Computer Aided Design (CAD) technology is a form of automation that helps designers to improve drawings, specifications, and design-related elements that use special graphical effects and computer program computations. CAD systems draw using software provisions, using commands or using an existing icon, or both, typically include 2 and 3 dimensional modeling and computer simulation operation models. The CAD system runs through the PC for 2D and 3D design and modeling and then runs and integrates with a CAM (Computer Aided Manufacture) system customized to the CNC machine format to be used.
Metal casting is a process of making objects done through several stages ranging from making patterns, molds, melting process, pouring, disassembling and cleaning the castings. This study aims to produce products in the form of permanent mold (Permanent Mold). Permanent prints are molds that can be used repeatedly and are usually made of metal. The casting process using the mold will be faster in preparation and foundry products using permanent molds to produce products that have a very minimal roughness to reduce the machining process. Solidwork 2014 is used for engineering drawing and CAM software used for machining process planning. Machining process using CNC milling machine.


Abstract : The theory and methodology necessary for measuring the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of flight simulator displays is presented. The mathematical development of the MTF from linear system theory is outlined. The two primary methods for measuring MTF, namely the direct and indirect methods, are described and compared. The implementation of the indirect method is described in detail including measurement of the line spread function of a display, calculation of MTF from the line spread function and calibration of the resulting MTF. The MTFs of various simulator display components and displays were measured with the indirect met presented in graphical form. Some of the more interesting characteristics of each MTF are discussed.


ABSTRACT The systematics of Coralliidae has been revised based on molecular phylogenetic analysis and detailed morphological studies. This revision has also revealed the existence of new species. In order to fully accomplish this revision, five new species including Hemicorallium aurantiacum sp. nov., Pleurocorallium bonsaiarborum sp. nov., P. clavatum sp. nov., and P. norfolkicum sp. nov. from New Caledonia, and H. guttatum sp. nov. from the Hawaiian Archipelago are described by integrating the phylogenetic inference and morphological comparisons. Moreover, the type specimens of Corallium tortuosum, H. reginae, H. halmaheirense, P. porcellanum and P. kishinouyei as well as non-type specimens of C. stylasteroides are redescribed. The sclerites of H. reginae, H. halmaheirense, P. porcellanum and C. stylasteroides were first depicted by scanning electron microcopy. A thorough comparison between P. porcellanum and P. kishinouyei indicated that they should be regarded as one species and the former was adopted as the senior synonym. The two new species of Hemicorallium can be separated by morphological features based on the result of multiple factor analysis. A key is proposed for the identification of all existing species of Coralliidae. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7B772D08-E3D6-4585-AE78-E5A31BE32ECC


Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture (TDR) is very rare in the pediatric age group. Because of its rarity and its coexistence with more injuries, the diagnosis is often delayed. Very little has been written about this condition in the pediatric age group. TDR, while uncommon, should be considered in cases of blunt thoracic trauma. All patients should undergo meticulous examination preoperatively. The clinical presentation and importance of making an accurate diagnosis and surgery is highlighted. We report a case of secondary spontaneous traumatic left-sided diaphragmatic rupture in a child that was managed by delayed surgical repair.


A microbial consortium with high effective and stable cellulosic degradation ability was constructed by successive enrichment and incubation in a peptone cellulose medium using cassava residues and filter paper as carbon sources, where the inoculums were sampled from the environment filled with rotten lignocellulosic materials. The degradation ability to different cellulosic materials and change of main parameters during the degradation process of cassava residues by this consortium was investigated in this study. It was found that, this consortium can efficiently degrade filter paper, absorbent cotton, avicael, wheat-straw and cassava residues. During the degradation process of cassava residues, the key hydrolytic enzymes including cellulase, hemicellulase and pectinase showed a maximum enzyme activity of 34.4, 90.5 and 15.8 U on the second or third day, respectively. After 10 days' fermentation, the degradation ratio of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of cassava residues was 79.8%, 85.9% and 19.4% respectively, meanwhile the loss ratio of cassava residues reached 61.5%. Otherwise,it was found that the dominant metabolites are acetic acid, butyric acid, caproic acid and glycerol, and the highest hydrolysis ratio is obtained on the second day by monitoring SCOD, total volatile fatty acids and total sugars. The above results revealed that this consortium can effectively hydrolyze cassava residues (the waste produced during the cassava based bioethanol production) and has great potential to be utilized for the pretreatment of cassava residues for biogas fermentation.


Some defects of the traditional rolling force models of cold tandem rolling mill were found out, and new rolling force models based on genetic neural networks were set up. The comparison results of the measured rolling force of cold tandem rolling mill with the calculated value from the traditional models and also with the calculated value from the new rolling force models based on genetic neural netWothe show thatthe calculating precision of the new models is better than that of the traditional models.


The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of story mapping strategy toward students' reading comprehension of narrative text. Type of this research was a quantitative research which used quasi-experimental design. It was conducted at the ninth grade of SMPN 2 Tilatang Kamang Agam. The sample was chosen by using cluster random sampling technique. The sample of this research was 56 students of IX grade which divided into two groups, IX.4 as experimental class and IX.3 as control class. Each group consists of 28 students. The story mapping strategy was used in the experimental class and the conventional strategy was used in the control class in teaching reading comprehension. Reading comprehension test was used to collect the data of this research. Then, the data was analyzed by using t-test formula. The result of data analysis showed that story mapping strategy gave better result than conventional teaching strategy on students' reading comprehension of narrative text.


A decade ago, Stephen Ball described the growing globalisation of education reform as a mechanism, above all, for reforming educators, characterising it as 'the struggle over the teacher's soul' (2...


Two versions of a new detector for automatic real-time detection of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter in noninvasive ECG signals are introduced. The methods are based on beat to beat variability, tachogram analysis and simple signal filtering. The implementation on mobile devices is made possible due to the low demand on computing power of the employed analysis procedures. The proposed algorithms correctly identified 436 of 440 five minute episodes of atrial fibrillation or flutter and also correctly identified up to 302 of 342 episodes of no atrial fibrillation, including normal sinus rhythm as well as other cardiac arrhythmias. These numbers correspond to a sensitivity of 99.1 % and a specificity of 88.3 %.


In wireless sensor network (WSN) there are many sensors and tiny devices which are used to sense the real-time environmental circumstances. The sensed data will be meaningless if each node in WSN doesn't know its location in the real world. There are many cost-effective techniques for localization used to locate the sensor node. Among those techniques, the range-based localization techniques are known for their accuracy in predicting sensor node location. Differential Evolution Algorithm (DEA) is popular optimization technique as it has good convergence properties but it has few control parameters, which are fixed throughout the entire iteration process and it is not an easy task to tune that control parameters. So, in this paper, we propose Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm (ADEA) for obtaining adaptive control over the parameters. In DEA we consider appropriate solutions to have more probability of reproduction compared to inappropriate ones, but there is always a possibility that population elements that look inappropriate in each stage may contain more useful information than appropriate ones. So, we propose Invasive Weed Optimization Algorithm (IWO) which reaches an optimal solution more easily by giving a chance for inappropriate one's to survive and reproduce similar to the mechanism that happens in nature.


We study special values of a modular function $\Lambda$ which is one of generalized $\lambda$ functions. We show special values of $\Lambda$ at imaginary quadratic points are algebraic integers. Further we prove that $\Lambda$ and the modular invariant function generate the modular function field with respect to the modular subgroup $\Gamma_1(N)$.


NEW PROCEDURE TO PREPARE aminoalkanoyl dibenzo (D, G) (1,3,6) DIOXAZOCINAS of the formula (I) given in the description, whereby a DIBENZO (D, G) (1,3,6) dioxazocine It is acylated with an compound of formula HAL-C = OA-HAL 'AND aLKANOYL-dIBENZO (D, G) (1,3,6) dioxazocine thus obtained is reacted with an amine; In the description and claims are present alternatives FINISHING optionally converting the product into a salt ADDITION OF ACID OR THE RELEASED compound of formula (I) of a salt of acid addition, by employing a base. The compounds are particularly applicable as anesthetics, sedatives and CALM-ANTIPARKINSONICOS.


Generation Z is changing the worlds of work and management. Autonomous, focused on innovation and demanding . They require companies to be more flexible and above all open to its various partners. What is the impact of the advent of Generation Z on intergenerational relationships in the company? Finding an answer to this question requires studying the cohabitation of three generations in the business world: baby boomers, generation X and generation Y. They will soon be four, with the imminent arrival of generation Z in the labor market. However, each has its own characteristics , expectations and perception of work. Each company must reconcile the 3 generations at work in order to benefit from the strengths of each. It must therefore make Generation Z the talents of today, and the leaders of tomorrow, while reconciling the expectations of Generations X, Y and seniors at the end of their careers. For this, the company must quickly adapt its management policy, in order to achieve generational diversity.


The stability of thermal balance of an electric arc is investigated in a dense, weakly ionized plasma. Radiation and the difference between the electron and gas temperatures are taken into account. Two cases are considered: discharge stabilized by planar walls, and cylindrical discharge. It is shown that planar discharge, stabilized by an external circuit, is insensitive at the declining portion of the current--voltage characteristics to the temperature perturbation varying along the walls across the electric field. It is suggested that the result of development of this instability is the effect of one-dimensional arc contraction. It is shown that the cylindrical arc is stable to perturbations of this shape.


We propose a new definition for the gradient field of a discrete image, defined on a twice finer grid. The differentiation process from the image to its gradient field is viewed as the inverse operation of linear integration, and the proposed mapping is nonlinear. Then, we define the total variation of an image as the l1 norm of its gradient field amplitude. This new definition of the total variation yields sharp edges and has better isotropy than the classical definition.


We present our theoretical results on an effective two-band double-exchange model on a pyrochlore lattice for understanding intricate phase competition in Mo pyrochlore oxides. The model includes the twofold degeneracy of e′g orbitals under trigonal field splitting, the interorbital Coulomb repulsion, the Hund's-rule coupling between itinerant e′g electrons and localized a1g spins, and the superexchange antiferromagnetic interaction between the a1g spins. By Monte Carlo simulation with treating the Coulomb repulsion at an unrestricted-type mean-field level, we obtain the low-temperature phase diagram as functions of the Coulomb repulsion and the superexchange interaction. The results include four dominant phases with characteristic spin and orbital orders and the metal-insulator transitions among them. The insulating region is characterized by a 'ferro'-type orbital ordering of the e′g orbitals along the local ⟨111⟩ axis, irrespective of the spin ordering.


Laboratories are an integral element of Engineering courses within Australia. The Engineers Australia accreditation criteria includes "proficiency in appropriate laboratory procedures; the use of test rigs, instrumentation and test equipment;" as well as "Access to simulation, visualisation, analysis, design, documentation, planning, communication and management tools as well as test and measurement equipment and information resources appropriate to current industry practice". Laboratory infrastructure is, however, expensive to maintain and imposes significant logistical constraints on course delivery. One option to reduce these burdens is the use of remote laboratories - where students are able to remotely interact with the laboratory hardware. Remote laboratories are an increasingly popular innovation in engineering education, but their development has for the large part been an ad hoc process - they are developed in isolation to address the needs of a particular laboratory class; and they are often regarded as a "second-best" substitute for the real thing. This workshop is aimed at sharing experiences within the Australian Engineering education environment, with the goal of ultimately developing a remote laboratories special interest group and/or consortium tasked with the ongoing development and sharing of remote laboratory facilities.


The extent of arsenic (As) toxicity to water, bed sediments, plankton and fish in the river Ravi at three main public fishing sites viz. Shahdera bridge, Baloki headworks and Sidhnai barrage were evaluated. Among these three public fishing sites, Sahahdara bridge had significantly higher As toxicity of water, sediments and planktonic biota attributed to the bulk discharges of untreated effluents, originating from adjacent industrial areas and urban runoffs through various small tributaries. As toxicity of water at all three sites was generally low but the contamination levels in both sediments and biota were significantly higher. The uptake and accumulation of As by the sediments and plankton were dependent upon metallic toxicity of water indicating their role as metallic pollution indicators of the river ecosystem. The fish at Shahdera bridge had significantly higher As in their body organs than those collected from the both Baloki headworks and Sidhnai barrage. A significant enrichment of As in fish body organs had direct dependence on the As toxicity of water, sediments and plankton showing bio-accumulation and biological magnification of this toxicant up to the food chain of river ecosystem. All the organs of both herbi–and carnivorous fish species showed significantly variable accumulation of As that followed the sequence: liver > kidney > gills > intestine > reproductive organs > scale > skin > fins > bones > muscles > fats. The toxicity of As in the food chain of river Ravi was in the order: sediments> plankton> water> fish tissues. As uptake in all the body organs, except fats, of herbivorous cyprinids showed significantly positive dependence on the As toxicity of plankton, while carnivore fish showed their dependence to bio-accumulate As dependent upon the toxicity of both sediments and plankton. © 2011 Friends Science Publishers


Much of the judicial process literature assumes that appellate courts routinely publish all decisions they make. In fact, even with the proliferation of case law in the United States, since the 1970s many appeals court decisions have not been published. In England, however, selective publication of appellate decisions has always been an integral part of how courts interact with the broader legal and political system. This article explores some theoretical implications of selective reporting of appellate decisions within common law systems that rely on the published appellate ruling as a primary mechanism of communication between courts and the broader legal and political environments. The focus is on how appellate decisions are selected for publication, especially in the English Court of Appeal. The author proposes an empirical model that conceptualizes reporting as a communications process. He hypothesizes that the basis of selection can be viewed in the context of a cue theory that dichotomizes the communication of passive and dynamic cues between senders in the Court of Appeal and receivers within the community of law report-


This paper describes the design, construction, and performance of the Manasan Falls control structure. It is located at Manasan Falls on the Burntwood River approximately 6 km (4 mi) upstream of Thompson in northern Manitoba. At this location the river is 210 m (700 ft) in width. The control structure consists of two rock- and earthfill groins creating a trapezoidal opening in the proximity of a bedrock outcrop at the falls. Its purpose is to increase the upstream water levels sufficiently to promote formation of a stable ice cover in the winter.Construction was carried out in the fall and winter of 1976, in the wet, on an overburden foundation with river flows averaging 170 m3/s (6000 cfs). Upstream of the bedrock lip of the falls, the channel floor consists of highly erodible varved silty clay. This area was protected with rockfill pavements. Two groins of about 9 m (30 ft) maximum height were constructed using random rockfill with upstream granular filter zones and seals. The ends of the groins were pr...


Code-breaking games are two-player games in which the first player selects a code from a given set and the second player strives to reveal it using a minimal number of experiments. A prominent example of a code-breaking game is the board game Mastermind, where the codebreaker tries to guess a combination of coloured pegs. There are many natural questions to ask about code-breaking games. What strategy for experiment selection should the codebreaker use? Can we compute a lower and upper bound for the number of experiments needed to reveal the code? Is it possible to compute an optimal strategy? What is the performance of a given heuristic? Much research on the topic has been done but the authors usually focus on one particular game and little has been written about code-breaking games in general. In this work, we create a general model of code-breaking games based on propositional logic and design a computer language for game specification. Further, we suggest general algorithms for game analysis and strategy synthesis and implement them in a computer program. Using the program, we can reproduce existing results for Mastermind, analyse new code-breaking games and easily evaluate new heuristics for experiment selection.


This study examined the safety design of a linkage-type footstep mechanism in the railway application. Firstly the design observed the British standard. The FEM analysis was conducted to check maximum weight fulfillment. Several loading conditions were also checked to achieve the endurance limit for more safety design. The smoothness of mechanical operation was investigated using mechanism analysis. It was considered that the velocity and force of start and stop conditions were important. This mechanism analysis led to the derivation of the requirement of operating pneumatic actuator.


Terahertz wave generation in a filament pumped by a two-color femtosecond laser has been widely used as a source for nonlinear terahertz spectroscopy. Various optical lasers and gases were explored to further optimize the source with broader radiation bandwidth and higher output pulse energy, whereas few attempts were made for this purpose with longer pump wavelengths. We examine the optical excitation-wavelength scaling behavior of terahertz waves generated from two-color laser filament in air, with particular focus on the terahertz wave frequency bandwidth and polarization. Terahertz wave generation from the photocurrent surge driven by lasers with relatively longer wavelengths yields the shift to higher central frequency with rapid increase in the output energy with increasing pump power, which is theoretically validated by considering the optical wavelength-dependent ionization rate. Furthermore, we find the terahertz polarization undergoes a continuous rotation as a function of the laser wavelength. Our results contribute to the understanding of terahertz wave generation in a femtosecond laser filament and suggest a practical way to control the polarization of terahertz pulses for potential applications.


A common monetary policy is a prerequisite for a viable monetary union. But what about fiscal policy? The paper examines the consequences of an expansionary fiscal policy undertaken by one of the partecipants in a jointly-floating currency area. The direction of the effects is not unequivocally determined.


Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the most common peripheral nervous system disorders. It affects 16% of individuals with type I (young onset) diabetes and 25-26% of individuals with type II (late onset) diabetes [1]. Pain and numbness of the feet and, in advanced cases, weakness in the feet or hands are the usual symptoms. These symptoms are typically more prominent in the lower limbs. The skin in the affected areas is sensitive to touch (hyperesthesia); sometimes touch evokes pain (allodynia). The pain of diabetic neuropathy may develop spontaneously or may be provoked by touch or motion. Pain often interferes with patient's rest and sleep and has typical characteristics of a neuropathic pain i.e having a sharp and burning quality. Dorsum of the foot and toes are most commonly affected in diabetic neuropathy. On examination, the patients demonstrate decreased sensations (heat, cold, touch, position) in the affected limb. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is usually bilateral and presents in form of a polyneuropathy.