Nudging refers to the deliberate change in choice architecture (i.e., the careful design of the environments in which people make choices) with the goal of engineering a particular (benign) outcome. The core proposition of nudging is that seemingly innocuous alterations of choice architecture matter: they influence decision making. Typically, the early stages of decision making in construction projects have a long-term impact on project performance, but are at the same time often fraught with uncertainties. We experimentally examine if tweaking a trade-off matrix used to assess preliminary design options in a design competition can raise uncertainty awareness of decision makers and can nudge decision makers away from riskier, more uncertain options, towards less risky and uncertain options. First results indicate a statistically unreliable shift in the predicted direction. Based on our research results, we suggest and discuss other pertinent and potentially more effective nudges.


stethoscope aortic regurgitalt murmurs are better lheard than murmurs of mlitral regurgitation, anid that the latter, "1 even when very sliglht," are more easily perceived with tlle double instrumiienit. The reason for this apparent paradox must liein the physical properties of the instrnuments. It appears to me that the rigid monaural stethoscope acts as a resotiator, and therefore increases the souind wlhich has the same pitch as the stethoscope. If the woodeni or metal straight stethoscope is liglhtly held at one end betweell finger annd thumb, anid gently struck witha pencil, it will give a sc^und of definite musical pitch. When the "tone" of the stethoscope halapens to corespond with the tone produced by the vibrating car(liac valves or by the contraction of the muscles, we can reasonably expect to obtain the maximum auscultatory effect. In the normal lheart the semilunar valves are shorter than the bicuspid flaps;


The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of leadership, motivation and work environment Employee Performance against the Highways Agency Secretariat of South Sulawesi province. The population in this study is the Secretariat employees highways agency South Sulawesi with a total sample of 76 people. Methods of data collection in this study are a questionnaire, interview, and documentation. Methods of analysis of data using descriptive and quantitative methods items, namely the multiple linear regression analysis were used to measure the effect of leadership, motivation and work environment employee performance against the Highways Agency Secretariat of South Sulawesi province. Based on the F test independent variables (leadership, motivation and work environment) jointly have the positive and significant effect on the dependent variable (employee performance). Through testing the correlation coefficient (R) was obtained that the degree of correlation or relationship between leadership, motivation and work environment on employee performance is a high correlation is 61.2%. Motivation is the most dominant factor affecting the performance of the Secretariat Employees Highways Agency South Sulawesi.


This paper compares the socio-economic policies before and after the Great Depression. Even though Hoover emphasized the coordinating role of government in the lassiz-faire era, his pro-business attitude has further distorted the economic structure. His idea of self-government crippled the government branches to check the abuse of powerful companies. Those policies temporarily enhanced the economic growth, but the growth was not sustainable and led to the Great Depression. Roosevelt emphasized the importance of fair market and of balancing individual consumers, laborers and stockholders against the powerful businesses. His reform policies did not shorten the Great Depression period, but lay a cornerstone for the sustainable growth after the war. After 1980's, the pro-business administrations set back the Roosevelt reform policies. It will make a good history lesson that the economic crisis happened as the economic system got just like one back in 1920's.


The bandwidth per user increases every year and it is necessary to present alternatives that can satisfy this growth. One possible solution is to explore the increased use of LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes). Visible Light Communications (VLC) is an emerging technology that shows many advantages comparing to other alternatives that we currently know. This solution can be simultaneously combined with illumination being a more economical alternative. Quick switching, increased uptime, increased bandwidth and the lack of interference with other electromagnetic sources are other advantages of VLC. There are several applications in indoor environments but the main implementations difficulties and the interference in communications are higher in outdoor environments. Li-Fi (LightFidelity) is a VLC system capable of transmitting data at high data rates. This system uses the LED light, exploring its operating characteristics, showing up as an alternative to the existing wireless system. This work initially presents an analysis to the VLC state of the art, evolving to Li-Fi and then going on to analyse a solution that uses appropriate intensity modulation techniques to the situation under study. The main purpose of this work is to implement three variations of the Li-Fi system (front camera as a receiver, photodiode as a receiver and RGB system as a transmitter) and the subsequent optimization of the proposed solution.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of producing triethylene tetramine (TETA). The method involves steps a) and b). At step a) formaldehyde reacts with hydrogen cyanide (HCN) to obtain formaldehyde cyanohydrin (FACH) which then reacts with ethylenediamine (EDA) to obtain ethylenediamine diacetonitrile (EDDN), possibly in a mixture with other aminonitriles containing ethylenediamine monoacetonitrile (EDMN). The molar ratio EDA:FACH ranges from 1:1.5 to 1:2 [mol/mol] and the molar ratio of EDA: formaldehyde: HCN ranges from 1:1.5:1.5 to 1:2:2 [mol/mol/mol]. At step b) EDDN obtained at step a) is hydrogenated in the presence a Raney catalyst and a solvent to obtain TETA, possibly in a mixture with other ethyleneamines. EFFECT: method is quite simple and enables to obtain TETA with high selectivity and output. 11 cl, 9 ex


The invention relates to a system comprising a broadband optical light source and a sorting device and more specifically to laser sorting devices. The object of the present invention is to provide a system comprising a sorting device with a light-source offering all wavelengths for the sorting process. This is solved by using an all fiber supercontinuum light source.


Wormhole routing has been introduced into message-passing interconnection networks to reduce communication latency. However, the networks may reach saturation rapidly because of the small number of flit buffers. In this paper, a simulator is developed to investigate approaches to raise the performance of wormhole routers. The results suggest that 4 to 8 flit buffers, instead of one flit buffer, are more suitable for each channel. In addition, it shows that by adaptive routing, not only communication latency, but also throughput is better than deterministic routing. Finally, short packet length is suggested to reduce the blocking time, and it could lessen the deviation of communication latency.<<ETX>>


The COVID-19 pandemic has clearly emphasized the significance of why there has to be a reliable and flexible food system which shall supply the population with sufficient amount of food products at reasonable prices. The economic crisis has made us all realize the relationships among human health, supply chains, the models of production and consumption. The developed Farm to Fork Strategy outlines the transition to a more just, healthy, and sustainable food system directed to the producers, consumers, climate, and the environment.


This note is one of the efforts to present an easy and simple proof of Brouwer fixed point theorem, which economics students can, hopefully, grasp both in terms of geometry and through its economic interpretation. In our proof, we use the implicit function theorem and Sard's theorem. The latter is needed to utilize a global property.


BACKGROUND: Transplantation of the hematopoietic stem cells is a therapeutic procedure in which hematopoietic stem cell are used to replace a blood-borne system of a person suffering from acquired or congenital disorders of the bloodstream. In the case of allogeneic transplantation, a patient receives a hematopoietic stem cells from a donor who may be related or unrelated to patient. Bone marrow, peripheral stimulated with G-CSF and hematopoietic stem cells from umbilical blood are used as the source of the hematopoietic stem cells. ----- METHODS: In retrospective analysis data selection was done for 75 patients treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Division of hematology in the University Hospital Centre in Zagreb. We evaluated recovery of pancytopenia, reactivation of CMV infection, relapse rates, primary and secondary graft failure and overall survival rate for patients with hematologic diseases who were treated with allogeneic transplantation of the hematopoietic stem cells. ----- RESULTS: Overall survival rate after allogeneic transplantation is 77,3% and the patients who are alive 84,5% of them are in remisson. Median for recovery of pancytopenia in patients with PBSC is 17 days for leukocytes, 18 days for neutrophils and 11 days for platelets as compared with 18 days for leukocytes, neutrophils and 17,5 days for platelets in patients with bone marrow transplant. Relaps developed in 19% of patients. Complication of aGvHD developed in 28% of patients at a median of 54 days. cGvHD was diagnosed in 12% of patients at a median of 157 days. Reactivation of CMV infection has occurred in 46,7% of patients at a median of 34 days. Primary graft failure has occurred in 2,7% of patients while secondary graft failure has occured in 2,7% patients. ----- CONCLUSION: The program of allogeneic transplantation is a complex therapeutic procedure due to numerous and different diseases that may be indications for procedure, development of complications associated with the procedure and continuous improvement of the methods. The results of this study indicate that treatment with allogeneic transplantation is useful because a large number of patients are cured or have long-term survival without signs of disease.


The in vitro diagnosis of drug allergy represents a difficult problem, since up to now there is no technique reliable enough to confirm this diagnosis with certainty. Recently flow cytometry has been used as an in vitro diagnostic complement of IgE-mediated allergic reactions to drugs. Basophils are a minority fraction of blood leukocytes (!0.2%) able to release the contents of their granules against some stimulus, very frequently in IgE-mediated allergic processes. Activated basophils after the specific in vitro stimulation by allergens express the CD63 marker that can be detected by flow cytometry using double labelling with monoclonal antibodies anti-CD63-PE and antiIgE-FITC. In this study, we applied the technique described by Gane et al. [1], Sabbah and Sainte-Laudy [2] and SainteLaudy [3] with some modifications. This is an assay of in vitro basophil stimulation against the suspected antigen for its subsequent study by means of flow cytometry. We identify the basophils detecting the high affinity receptors for IgE that possess FcÂRI, and we also observe the CD63 molecule expression after in vitro provocation or stimulation with the allergen. We investigated whether this test can be useful as an in vitro diagnostic method for the assessment of patients allergic to betalactam antibiotics.


Lowland rice cultivation in the Lao PDR is cultivated by the indigenous knowledge of Lao farmers, usually planted old seedling and water flooded during the season up to 15 days before harvest. Therefore, the young seedling with wider spacing and organic fertilizer application would be needed to test in the Lao's conditions, it would increase lowland rice yields in some instance. The objectives of this experiment are: to evaluate the yield potential of the Lao improved rice varieties in the difference spacing with young seedling and low water supplying condition, and to investigate the SRI technology in the Lao's condition. This study was conducted in the five rice research stations (Agriculture Research Center, Nongheo Station, Pakcheang Station, Seed Multiplication Center Tasano and Research Center Phonengam), as split plot design. The main plots were three spacing (20x20; 25x25 and 30x30 cm) and sub-plot were three Lao improved rice varieties (TDK 1, TDK 3 and TDK 5). Transplanting with 15 days seedling age and water limited during the vegetative phase. In transplanting with wider spacing (30x30cm), rice yields of all varieties were increased significantly only in two sites (NARC and Pakcheang station). Transplanting rice with young seedling, could be increased yields. The low yield of this experiment due to low of organic fertilizer rate and low in soil fertility and on the other hand might be the young seedling could easily damage by snail.


SIR:The flood ofsexual abuse complaints is placing a heavy burden on our current terminology. †̃¿ Child @ hood sexual abuse' now has to cover three distinct categories of patients, appearing in increasing numbers. There are sexually abused children; sex @ ually abused children who have now grown up; and adults who come forward volunteering for the first time that they were abused in childhood decades ago. This last group differs significantly in many 9 respects from orthodox child abuse. Key figures are often dead or abroad. Diagnosis is difficult, as other r siblings mayvehemently deny that abuse tookplace.


The use of Ultraviolet (UV) for decontamination in biological safety cabinet (BSC) has been a source of friction between the research centers and institutes, which recommend no necessary for UV in BSC, and which have largely been trust UV as a decontamination method. A general methodology of the testing the ultraviolet UV radiation is considered and categorized in this paper, based on the concepts of measuring the irradiance level at the working bench surface inside the BSCs. A calibrated ultraviolet radiometer in the germicidal range (UVC) is used. This work describes the national institute for standard (NIS) technique for testing the performance of UV irradiation on decontamination inside BSCs. The optimum build provides sufficient information about the UV irradiance distribution is measuring at a matrix of three rows and five to nine columns depending on the cabinet width. Periodical measurement each six months and routine test each week can keep providing acceptable decontamination results.


This article examines Celia de Freine's re-imagining of Brian Merriman's canonic text The Midnight Court/Cuirt an Mhean Oiche. Through textual and contextual analysis of specific extracts of the texts, the article illustrates how de Freine's version challenges audiences to consider their participation in the social conditions of contemporary marriage, relationships and sexual practices for young women in contemporary Ireland. To this end she draws on Kevin Myers' "Mother of Bastards" article to highlight the misogyny experienced by unmarried mothers in Ireland.


In recent years, Changchun has been in a rapid transition from managed economy towards entrepreneurial economy after listed the national entrepreneurial city and has been kept a fast pace into the entrepreneurial economy age with its own unique characteristics which is drived to develop by the innovation and entrepreneurship. Taking example by the theoretical model"environment——cognition——action" and the concept of customer satisfaction degree in marketing, this paper made a evaluation research on the entrepreneurial institutional environment in Changchun in order to converse the entrepreneurial economy into the new power and new energy to sustain the economy of Changchun continuous rapid development. On the basis of the deep analysis on the evaluation of satisfaction degree,this study put forward suggestions through discussing the deficiency in the entrepreneurial institutional environment of Changchun and provided reference for other cities to create a good business environment system.


Abstract Research data management (RDM) includes people with different needs, specific scientific contexts, and diverse requirements. The description is a big challenge in the domain of RDM. Metadata plays an essential role, allowing the inclusion of essential information for the interpretation of data, enhances the reuse of data and its preservation. The establishment of metadata models can facilitate the process of description and contribute to an improvement in the quality of metadata. When we talk about image data, the task is even more difficult, as there are no explicit recommendations to guide image management. In this work, we present a proposal for a metadata model for image description. To validate the model, we followed an experiment of data description, where eleven participants described images from their research projects, using a metadata model proposed. The experiment shows that participants do not have formal practices for describing their imagery data. Yet, they provided valuable contributions and recommendations to the final definition of a metadata model for image description, to date nonexistent. We also developed controlled vocabularies for some descriptors. These vocabularies aim to improve the image description process, facilitate metadata model interpretation, and reduce the time and effort devoted to data description.


According to the propagation properties of UWB signals,and the difference between UWB channel and narrow band channel,bounded Brownian bridge model(BBBM) for UWB multipath channel was constructed by using pseudobeams methods(PB) from the environment-based geometrical description.Based on the ergodicity assumption for received power in UWB indoor channel,signals power distributions in three different environments were simulated.The results of simulation corresponded well with the ones of theoretical analysis,which demonstrated that the BBBM constructed from pseudobeams methods was correct,and could be used for UWB communications systems to analyze the power coverage in indoor environment.


With the development of market economy,the differentiation of social structure,the popularization of the Internet,the strengthen of people's rights consciousness under the new social situation,it is very imperative for the public security organ to undergo a series of social management innovation,which should be people-oriented,ruling for the people and improving the scientific level and the rule-of-law level.The innovation should start in the following three dimensions,namely,the management subject,the management methods and the management system and mechanism.As establishing long-effect mechanism is the guarantee of a sustainable social management innovation,the following five aspects should be considered: set up an innovation management institution,broaden the channel for innovation ideas,establish innovation achievements assessment and encouragement mechanism,and popularize and apply innovation achievements.


Although curve counting has been studied for thousands of years, it still remains an active area of research. Recent introduction of virtual intersection theory by Li-Tian ([37]) and Behrend-Fantechi ([3, 4]) provided an efficient way of constructing a curve counting invariant which remains constant under deformation. Examples include Gromov-Witten invariants, Donaldson-Thomas invariants, and Pandharipande-Thomas invariants. All these invariants are defined as the virtual intersection numbers on compactified moduli spaces of curves in a given smooth projective variety X. The purpose of this paper is to discuss two major issues for curve counting invariants. (1) Comparison of the compactified moduli spaces of curves. (2) Methods of calculating virtual intersection numbers. For item (1), the moduli space of smooth curves in X can be compactified by taking closures in the Hilbert scheme, the stable map space, or the moduli space of semistable sheaves. We will see recent comparison results of these compactifications in two directions; one by Mori theory and the other by elementary modification. For item (2), we will itemize all known methods for calculating virtual intersection numbers. Special emphasis will be laid on the method of localization by cosection due to J. Li and the author ([24]). Various applications are discussed as well. The layout of this paper is as follows. Quick introductions on curve counting invariants and virtual intersection theory are given in §2 and §4 respectively. In §3, we recall several well-known compactified moduli spaces of curves. In §5, we state the comparison problem for rational curves and survey Mori theoretic results. In §6, comparison results by elementary modification are discussed. In §7, a closely related problem of comparing compactifications of M0,n is discussed.


Background—Right-to-left shunt through a patent foramen ovale is frequently diagnosed by contrast echocardiography and can be particularly prominent in the presence of elevated pressures in the right side of the heart. Its prognostic significance in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism, however, is unknown. Methods and Results—The present prospective study included 139 consecutive patients with major pulmonary embolism diagnosed on the basis of clinical, echocardiographic, and cardiac catheterization criteria. All patients underwent contrast echocardiography at presentation. The end points of the study were overall mortality and complicated clinical course during the hospital stay defined as death, cerebral or peripheral arterial thromboembolism, major bleeding, or need for endotracheal intubation or cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Patent foramen ovale was diagnosed in 48 patients (35%). These patients had a death rate of 33% as opposed to 14% in patients with a negative echo-contrast examination (P=.01...


LSB-Snake model is an effective method to extract linear object semi-automatically,but it needs manual input of road characters for extraction,and it is not robust while the initial seed points are not dense enough.These reduce the working efficiency of LSB-Snake model.This paper puts forward an auto-initial-value LSB-Snake model,which uses self-adapt template matching method to provide the road characters for LSB-Snake model,and adds the seed points based on the initial points at the same time automatically.According to experiments,it is indicated that: Given the same amount of initial seed points,the method presented is more robust than LSB-Snake model;it needn't manual input of the road character,the auto-initial-value LSB-Snake model is more automatic than LSB-Snake model;The auto-initial-value LSB-Snake model can overcome the shades or shelter of land objects such as building and trees,and it is more powerful in anti-jamming than LSB-Snake model.


Input-affine dynamical systems often arise in control and modeling scenarios, such as the data-driven case when state-derivative observations are recorded under bounded noise. Common tasks in system analysis and control include optimal control, peak estimation, reachable set estimation, and maximum control invariant set estimation. Existing work poses these types of problems as infinite-dimensional linear programs in auxiliary functions with sum-of-squares tightenings. The bottleneck in most of these programs is the Lie derivative nonnegativity constraint posed over the time-state-control set. Decomposition techniques to improve tractability by eliminating the control variables include vertex decompositions (switching), or facial decompositions in the case where the polytopic set is a scaled box. This work extends the box-facial decomposition technique to allow for a robust-counterpart decomposition of semidefinite representable sets (e.g. polytopes, ellipsoids, and projections of spectahedra). These robust counterparts are proven to be equivalent to the original Lie constraint under mild compactness and regularity constraints. Efficacy is demonstrated under peak/distance/reachable set data-driven analysis problems and Region of Attraction maximizing control.


Glass as a material in building facades is rarely applied in a large scale, especially in design of office buildings, within Aceh province. Since Aceh is located in the area with dynamic earthquake activities, building design in this area required higher degree of concern in relation to better refrain from earthquake movements. Nowadays, glass technology that could withstand the seismic effects while sustaining seismic loads is available. To bring this new technology into design of office buildings in Aceh, the paper aims to measure the suitability and level of acceptance of the technology among Acehnese people by conducting some methods of cost comparison and cost savings. In this regard, a comparison in dead loads of a sample building with conventional cavity walls against that of high performance glazing system in a faA§ade of the building was performed. The results indicated that the cost for glass technology are twice higher compared with cavity wall. But in the dead loads part, the glass material are 13.8 times more lighter than cavity wall


INTRODUCTION clearance of virus after it has persisted for at least six 9 Hepatitis B and C are global health care problems months is very low . causing morbidity and mortality worldwide and spreading like an epidemic in developing countries like Cirrhosis along with its complications like 1,2,3 Pakistan, especially in rural areas . WHO estimated encephalopathy, ascites and portal hypertensive th 13% worldwide prevalence of HCV, and 3-4 million bleeding, is the 12 most common cause of death and 4 new cases arising each year . the most common cause of non-malignancy related death among patients with diseases of the digestive 14,15,16,17,18,19 Blood and blood products transfusion and infected tract . needles are two preventable modalities of spread of hepatitis C infection while sexual transmission Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and HCV infection are common 5,6 remains controversial . conditions involving at least 170 and 130 million 20 people respectively worldwide . HCV is the cause of approximately 20% of cases of acute hepatitis, most often asymptomatic and rarely Like other complications of chronic hepatitis C causes hepatic failure. The majority, up to 85% enter a including cirrhosis of liver and Hepatocellular chronic phase and out of these 20% will progress to carcinoma, there is growing evidence suggesting 7,8,9,10,11,13 cirrhosis and its complications after 20 years . mutual link between chronic hepatitis C and increased risk of developing type 2 Diabetes mellitus and glucose 21,22 Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is present in 3 10 % abnormalities . of Pakistani population and genotype 3 is the most 12 prevalent subtype . The rate of spontaneous The risk factors associated with development of type 2 ABSTRACT... Introduction: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCV infection and type 2 diabetes are two common disorders with a high impact on health worldwide. There is growing evidence to support the concept that HCV infection is a risk factor for developing type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Both insulin resistance and diabetes can adversely affect the course of chronic hepatitis C, and lead to poor response to antiviral therapy and increased incidence of Hepatocellular carcinoma. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the frequency of type 2 Diabetes mellitus in newly diagnosed chronic hepatitis C patients presenting in Allied hospital Medical unit II during six month period. Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Medical unit-II, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: 01-08-2009 to 28-02-2010. Material and methods: All newly diagnosed patients of chronic hepatitis C on the basis of PCR for HCV-RNA were included in the study. Fasting and two hours postprandial blood sample were tested. Diabetes Mellitus was labeled as per slandered. Results: Out of 180 patients with CHC 19 (10.6%) were found to have Diabetes mellitus while 161(89.4%) were non-diabetics. Conclusions: There is close association in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Dr. Ghazanfar Ali Sindhu, Dr. Sadaf Naz, Dr. Fraz Saeed Qureshi, Dr. Zaheer Ahmed, Dr. Tamur Islam DIABETES MELLITUS; Incidence of chronic hepatitis c patients ORIGINAL PROF-2019


ABSTRACT Row–column designs for two-level factorial experiments are constructed to estimate all the main effects. We give the interactions for row and column blockings. Based on these blockings, independent treatment combinations are proposed to establish the whole design so that practitioners can easily apply it to their experiments. Some examples are given for illustrations. The estimation of two-factor interactions in these designs is discussed.


Thyroid cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. Advanced thyroid cancer usually invades encroachs nerves, blood vessels, trachea, esophagus, and other organs, and needs multidisciplinary team for better effect. The disease center of diagnosis and treatment provides a good platform for multidisciplinary treatment of advanced thyroid cancer.

Key words:
Advanced thyroid cancer; Multidisciplinary team


As use of internet gets increased, the efficiency of applying the chart which is expressing and providing information through web is increased. The chart has the high delivering ability of information because it expresses data visually. But there are problems such as compatibility between the chart composing programs, difficulty of sharing the chart data, and displaying the chart on the web. In this paper, we propose the chart markup language, which expresses the chart information by using the XML in order to solve problems of compatibility of the chart expression and sharing the chart information. The CML is possible not only to provide compatibility between platforms and programs but also to share the chart data as it is based on the XML.


With the increasing availability and diversity of satellite imagery, the multisensor fusion of data can more effectively address the improved monitoring of temporary water bodies. This study supports the attempt to apply well established methods to detect spatial and temporal changes in ephemeral shallow lakes in lowland karst terrain, as well as to improve the understanding concerning the dynamics of water storage and hydrological mechanisms during extreme precipitation events. Based on the joint analysis of Copernicus Sentinel SAR and optical mission data, as well as soil moisture and EO-based rainfall observations over the period of 2015–2020, we demonstrated the control of the karst system on the ephemeral lake appearances in the broader area of Chalkida (Evvia, Greece). A connection between the prolonged and extended water coverage in the ephemeral lakes and flooding in the area is documented. Our EO-supported findings may serve as indicators for flood alerts in future extreme precipitation events, improving responses in cases of emergencies.


The present invention describes a method for delivering a medicament thereby improving methods such as patient pain, the method comprising guiding the syringe through the patient's nasal passage of the patient into the substantially located sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) of the area inside and / or rear and / or the lower side; and the upper side and / or laterally and / or anteriorly towards the sphenopalatine ganglion delivering a medicament from the syringe. The present invention also describes a first end for delivering a medicament according to a patient in need of the patient to the apparatus, said apparatus comprising (a) an injector comprising configured to remain outside the patient's nasal passage and a second end configured to enter within the nasal passage of the patient; and (b) introducer, the introducer is configured for engagement with a nostril of the patient, and includes configured so as to be slidably receiving the syringe passageway. The syringe may be performed prior to the storage position and the engagement between the engaged position after moving the engagement.


Spin correlation coefficients in the elastic scattering of leptons on the deuteron, [Formula: see text], are studied in the one-photon-exchange approximation within the limit of zero lepton mass. Numerical estimations for the spin correlation coefficients caused by a polarized beam and a vector polarized target are given. The estimated spin correlation coefficients are analyzed at various values of beam energy and scattering angle. The sensitivity of the obtained results to the choice of realistic NN potential used for the deuteron wave function is investigated. We found a considerable dependence of the results on the realistic deuteron wave functions at incident beam energies greater than 0.4 GeV and backward scattering angles. The estimated results are of particular interest for encouragement of experimental measurements of lepton–deuteron scattering which aim for accurate calculation of the charge radius of the proton to a high degree of precision. These results may also stimulate new generation of measurements of different physical observables very sensitive to the spin structure of the nucleon and light nuclei.


In this review we consider the prevalence and aetiology of depression in Parkinson's disease and suggest approaches towards its management.


The magnetic field configuration design of driving coil is the basic and key technique in electromagnetic coil launcher.This paper firstly presents the concept of magnetic field configuration and indicates the design guidelines.The expression of acceleration force is deduced.Using the finite element method,the magnetic field configurations of solenoids with different ratios of thickness to length are simulated numerically.The mutual inductance between driving coil and projectile is calculated and the electromagnetic force is considered along with position change.The magnetic field configurations of solenoids with different geometrical sections are calculated and compared.The influence of geometrical section on electromagnetic force is analyzed.The result indicates that the solenoid with square section has the biggest acceleration force at the same ampere-turn in the magneto-static field.


The present dissertation discusses the synthesis and crystal structures of two dilithiumsilylamides that can be purified by destillation. Apart from studies of thermal and anionic silyl group migrations, substitution reactions with haloboranes and -si-lanes are introduced, and products are characterized by NMR-spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Conversion of lithium-bis[di(tert-butyl]methylsilyl)amide with alanes and chlorotrimethylsilane leads to unexpected reaction products that can act as precursers for novel iminosilenes. The synthesis of formerly unknown aminofluoroboranes and their reactions with organolithium compounds are discussed. Furthermore, the insertion of H-acidic compounds into the boron-nitrogen bond of kinetically stabilized iminoborenes yields further products which are crystallographically identified. Instead of the anticipated boron cations, the reaction of silylfluoroboranes with halotrieles such as AlCl3 leads to the formation of the corresponding iminoborene triele adducts. X-ray data of intermediates, isolated from the conversion of arylsilylfluoroboranes with trichloroalane, show formerly unknown amino adducts of iminoborenes, whitch crystallize as cations with AlCl4- as counterion. Treatment of bis(tert-butylmethyl)ketazintrifluoroborane with BF3OEt2 leads, under elimination of HF, to a difluoropentacycle that further reacts with lithium-trimethylsilylhydrazonide to yield an unexpected tris(hydrazino)borane. The synthesis and crystal structures of further fluoroboranes as possible precursers of boron cations are described. Finally, a product of the thermolytic conversion of a triel adduct is characterized by EDX-spectroscopy and SEM.


The book examines in detail the essence, nature and scope of artistic freedom as a human right. It explains the legal problems associated with the lack of a precise definition of the term 'art' and discusses the emergence of a distinct 'right' to artistic freedom under international law. Drawing on a variety of case-studies primarily from the field of visual arts, but also performance, street art and graffiti, it examines potentially applicable 'defences' for those types of artistic expression that are perceived as inappropriate, ugly, offensive, disturbing, or even obscene and transgressive. The book also offers a view on global controversies such as Charlie Hebdo and the Danish Cartoons, attempting to explain the subtleties of offenses related to religious sensibilities and beliefs. It also examines the legitimacy of restrictions on extremist expressions in the case of arts involving criminal artsm such as child pornography in the case of Loli manga.


An excellent description of the motivation to develop the notion of the Lebesgue integral has been given by Lebesgue himself in an article, " Development of the integral concept " (1926), which appears in [156]. We begin by recalling the definition of the Riemann integral for certain bounded functions f : [a, b] → R. For any partition


In this study,a symbiotic model between the seeds of B.ochracea and the mycorrhizal fungi isolated from this orchid plant was established to screen the mycorrhizal fungi with high efficiency on improving the seed germination of B.ochrace.The results showed that the mycorrhizal fungi of Epulorhiza sp.and Sebacina sp.had the significant effect on promoting the germination with 8.61% and 18.43% higher than that of the control,respectively.


Recently, common selection schemes used in harmony search algorithm (HSA) are altered in memory consideration operation to imitate the natural selection principle of survival of the fittest. The selection schemes adopted include: random, proportional, tournament, and linear rank. In this paper, these selection schemes are analysed in order to evaluate their effect on the performance of HSA. The analysis considers takeover time and convergence rate to measure the effectiveness of each selection scheme. Furthermore, a scaled proportional selection scheme is proposed to replace the proportional selection scheme to overcome its shortcoming with negative fitness values. To study the effect of these different selection schemes we use eight global optimisation functions with different characteristics. An experimental evaluation show that linear rank selection provides the highest convergence speed and highest takeover time. On the other hand, scaled proportional selection provides the slowest convergence speed and slowest takeover time. This indicates the effect of the type of the selection method used in memory consideration in takeover time and convergence rate.


This study is an experimental study about the effectiveness of ICT(Information & Communication Technology) materials as input sources in English listening comprehension in the primary English education. This study was carried out with subjects from a fourth grade in an elementary school. The 24 students of the experimental group were taught listening materials by using ICT whereas the 24 students of the controlled group were taught by printed texts and audio-tape. The effectiveness of studying English using ICT was analyzed by a comparison of the degree of accomplishment between two groups. The students interest, self-confidence, anxiety and English listening ability were analyzed through a survey. The results of this study are as follows: First, the application of English teaching using ICT input materials has greatly improved the English listening comprehension. Second, the interest of the students toward English learning has been improved greatly with the result of a variety of comprehensible input source and activities for affective filter. Third, self-confidence of the students for English learning has been affected by various activities that adopted in this study.


This study considered the changes that have taken place in farmers cropping system over time. The changes were consequences of alternations in the environment's soil-vegetation-climate balance resulting from their exploitations. Data was gathered with structured questionnaires form 80 farmers in Iseyin Local Government Area of Oyo State.
It was discovered that changes have occurred in areas of management practices used by farmers (i.e. use of organic fertilizer, adoption of agroforestry practices, use of shifting cultivation and crop rotation as well as the intensified planting leguminous crops), crops cultivated by farmers (cassava, tomato, cowpea, and melon), while farmers have also had to adjust the crop combination adopted over time.
The implication is that the changes must be taken in to consideration in designing sustainable agricultural system, while efforts are made to reduce the negative effects on the environment, occasioned by its exploitation to ensure sustainability..
[JEXT Vol.1(1) 2000: 76-81]


Molecular beam epitaxially grown fullerene layers are investigated with the help of image processing. The layered structures are studied in morphological respect. The individual layer morphologies are derived from the atomic force microscopy picture of the surface. The pattern morphology of the certain layers is analysed by box counting method. The surface morphology shows fractal behaviour. The pattern of each layer shows different dimension. The actual dimension depends on the actual distance of the layer from the substrate. The change of the dimension is attributed to the change of the binding behaviour. The topology of the surface is also studied using participation ratio and structural entropy calculations.


This paper examines the benefits of moving from cordon tolls to congestion pricing in Oslo. It is hypothesized that any move to make motorists pay the full social cost of their trips according to marginal cost pricing principles will generate considerable social benefits as compared to status quo. The results indicate that there is a sound basis for a system with time differentiated tolls with the peak traffic being charged higher than others. For the covering abstract see ITRD E108910.


Abstract A direct comparison of Jurassic marine bivalves and brachiopods from the Murihiku terrane of New Zealand and the Argentinian-Chilean basins indicates that faunal links between equivalent facies settings of the two regions were even stronger than previously acknowledged. Some faunal elements usually regarded as Maorian endemics are also present in South America, particularly during the Early Jurassic (Aratauran and Ururoan). Middle Jurassic (Temaikan) inoceramid sequences share key elements, probably forming a latitudinally distinct stock. Two successive Retroceramus lineages that repeat general morphological trends are now recognized in South American and New Zealand Middle and Late Jurassic deposits, providing new data on correlation at the Temaikan —Heterian boundary. Since the New Zealand local stage system was based mostly on bivalves, as ammonite faunas are sparse, information from accurately dated Argentinian faunas will help improve correlation with the International Standard. From a paleo...


A fundamental prerequisite to achieve a successful human-robot cooperation is human safety, which becomes even more crucial when multiple robots are involved in the cooperative task. A general solution for addressing safety in human-multi-robot scenarios is proposed in this paper. Human safety is assessed by a safety field which accounts for the multi-robot system as a whole. The assessment of human safety is exploited within an optimization protocol where the robots' cooperative task trajectory is scaled whenever required, while exploiting the system redundancy. Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) are adopted to set up the optimization problem and kinematic and dynamic constraints are taken into consideration. Finally, simulations on a realistic setup composed of three industrial mobile manipulators show the effectiveness of the proposed solution.


Teaching and writing about fiction often involve looking for the right theoretical work to juxtapose with and clarify the literary text. When I first began to work on Toni Morrison's novels, I was motivated, and often frustrated, by the question of which theoretical approach would do justice to Morrison's texts. Beloved's representation of what was both underrepresented and ultimately unrepresentable in the not-yet-verbal child's story and in the story of mother and child together seemed to call upon the feminist revisions of psychoanalytic narratives and categories that I was theoretically drawn towards. Yet Morrison's 'subject' (both in the sense of subject matter and in reference to Beloved herself) was also decidedly historical, even as this historicity paradoxically refused to be assigned to the past: it demanded a place; it could occupy no one place, as it happened again and again; this was history as trauma. Certainly the specificity of this story could not or should not take second place. I have now had the opportunity to teach Morrison's work in a range of contexts: in contemporary American literature courses, in American survey courses, in courses on women writers, and in a course on the African- American novel. Every context works surprisingly well, although Morri- son's writing always seems to call for more or other contexts, and I frequently find myself invoking precisely the context that does not frame the course I'm presently engaged in teaching. But what has surprised me the most is how often I turn to Morrison's writing when it is not even on the syllabus. And that is what I want to address in the following pages. By examining how Toni Morrison's work can be used in teaching literary and psychoanalytic theory, I propose to turn the relation between enigmatic text and theoretical elucidation on its head. I want to look at how Morri- son's texts (particularly 'Recitatif,' Sula, and Beloved) can complicate and enrich classroom discussion of (among others) Ferdinand de Saussure, the Russian Formalists, Louis Althusser, Freud, and Lacan. From the logic of signification to the formation and fragmentation of the subject to the enigmas of traumatic repetition, Morrison's fictions both 'know' and challenge what literary theory has to offer us. Beginning a course on contemporary literary theory, my students read (not surprisingly) selections from Saussure's Course on General Linguistics. We discuss, among other things, how a Saussurean account of language differs from a model of language as Adamic naming. Saussure suggests


For ergodization and rotation of the plasma edge region it is proposed to install a set of 16 helical coils on the inboard side of the liner in the vacuum vessel of TEXTOR 94. The coils will be fed by a 4-phase (rotating) current with a peak value of 15 kA. The system is optimized for the following four frequencies: DC, 50 Hz, 1 kHz, and 10 kHz. To reduce the skin effect the coil conductor consists of 42 insulated wires. Each coil is enclosed in a stainless steel tube of 0.2 mm thickness. The maximum coil temperature is 200/spl deg/C, and the coolant is water at a pressure of 2.5 MPa. The coils will be supplied by eight switch mode power supply units with IGBT technology. A transformer matches the power supply to the coil parameters. The reactive power is compensated. Operation with DC-current is made possible by use of additional rectifiers.


Introduction "Fischer-Tropsch synthesis" is a catalytic conversion of synthesis gas to a high quality synthetic petroleum substitute. The simplified reaction is: n CO + (2n + 1) H2 → CnH2n+2 + n H2O. During this process iron carbides are formed that are believed to be the active species. An accepted model that describes the activation is the so called shell-core model [1]. This model suggests that upon contact with syngas, lattice oxygen atoms at the Fe2O3 surface are removed by reaction with H2 or CO (producing H2O or CO2 respectively). This leads to a different iron-oxide: Fe3O4. The Fe3O4 is then converted to iron carbides (FeCx). The activation is generally performed in situ inside the catalytic reactor. Once activated, the catalyst is sensitive to air [2]. The best catalytic performance is often obtained for iron oxide precursors activated using carbon monoxide. Studying the activation process is not unambiguous. Using in situ TEM-EELS measurements using an environmental cell enabled us to follow the evolution of specific nanoscale areas while mimicking the activation procedure; viz. by flowing CO gas inside the microscope at elevated temperatures. By using a combination of TEM and EELS, we found that the activation mechanism is different compared to data published so far.


It is suggested to establish ignition conditions in an IEC chamber by injecting an exhaustible grid into the chamber. When the injected grid passes the center, it is biased at negative potential through a plasma channel that carries the return current from an intense ion pulse. Once a sufficiently dense plasma core is established, the grid is disintegrated by external means while the core is sustained by low current CW ion injection. The ablation rate and dynamic transparency of a 10 cm diameter e=0.95 grid biased at 100 kV and exposed to a 500‐A D+ square pulse are presented. Reactor considerations of the proposed scheme are also briefly discussed.


Cellular neural networks with an appropriate choice of templates can solve, among other things, local and global pattern recognition problems. The complete stability of these networks has been proved earlier for the symmetric (reciprocal) cases where the feedback values between the different cells within a neighborhood are the same in both directions. It is shown that at least for some interesting classes of templates, this symmetry (reciprocity) condition is in general not necessary for complete stability. Moreover, the conditions discussed are robust in the sense that they require neither precise template-value relations nor a closeness to some prescribed values. On the other hand, examples are shown of cases where violating some basic conditions would give rise to oscillations. >


Regulation of the European Parliament and the Council on the Law Applicable to the Non-Contractual Obligations(Referred to as RomeⅡ),which firstly unified the system of the law applicable to tortious obligations in Europe at the level of EC in the instrument of regulation,comed into force at Jan 11th 2009,pushes the exercise of harmonization of private international law in Europe to the climax.Although there are some defeats in RomeⅡ.It greatly improves the certainty and predictability of applicable results of the law in member states of EU,refraining the possibility of parties from forum shoping.It accomplishs the long-cherished wishes of unifying the system regarding the law applicable to tortious obligations generally.However,RomeⅡ is the result of compromise between the major institutions of the European Community,precisely,the major representative bodies of commercial interests,there are certain unsatisfaction on the application of rules inevitably.


The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery comprising a negative electrode and this lithium secondary battery, the negative electrode is the negative electrode active material; Di- carboxymethylcellulose: mono- carboxymethylcellulose and glucose 16.5 to 22.0%: 46.5 to 59.5%: carboxymethyl cellulose or a salt thereof comprising a thickener in a weight ratio of 18.5 to 37%; And a binder comprising a styrene-based compound. The lithium secondary battery anode of the present invention can provide an excellent electrochemical properties with excellent adhesion binder cell.


The depth of calorimetry required for SSC experiments is investigated using data of hadronic shower development in neutrino detectors and a parameterization of average hadronic shower shapes. The effect of hadronic shower fluctuations is included. A depth of nine to ten proton absorption lengths in iron is found to be sufficient to contain at least 95% of the energy of 95% of 1-TeV jets. 6 refs., 5 figs.


The invention provides a fireproof and shockproof protection device, comprising a box body, a water tank, a shockproof spring and an insulation board. The box body is formed by surrounding two layers of steel boards; an outlet is arranged at one side of the box body; an external pushing type fire-fighting door is arranged at the outlet; the shockproof spring and a water tank are arranged in an interlayer of the double layers of the steel boards; the insulation board covers the inner wall of the box body; an illumination device, an air interchanger, an electric storage battery, a tool box, a rescue hammer and a water outlet valve are arranged in the tank body; and the water outlet valve is communicated with the water tank. A reinforcing rib is further arranged in the box body. The fireproof and shockproof protection device provided by the invention is arranged in a building; the double layers of the steel boards form a firm and solid box body; and when a fire or small earthquake occurs, a person can hide in the box body for taking refuge, and can be alive with water, air and oxygen inside the box body. When objects hit the box, the shockproof spring can absorb the hitting energy, so that the person in the box body can be protected. If a fire source burns the box body or the external electric devices are damaged, the insulation board can be used for fire and heat insulation, and stopping current conduction, so that the person can have enough time to wait the rescue.


Modified phase-generated carrier homodyne demodulation technique for fiber-optic sensors is presented. Nowadays phase-generated carrier homodyne demodulation technique is one of the most widespread. One of its drawbacks is the temperature dependence of the output signal because of the modulator scale factor temperature dependence. In order to compensate this dependence an automatic adjustment of the phase modulation depth is necessary. To achieve the result, additional harmonics analysis is used with the help of the Bessel functions. For this purpose the known demodulation scheme is added with the branch, where interferometric signal is multiplied by the third harmonic of the modulation signal. The deviation of optimal ratio of odd harmonics is used as a feedback signal for adjusting the modulation depth. Unwanted emissions arise in the feedback signal, when the third harmonic possesses a value close to zero. To eliminate unwanted emission in the feedback signal, the principle scheme is added with one more branch, where interferometric signal is КОМПЕНСАЦИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНОЙ ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ВЫХОДНОГО СИГНАЛА... Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики, 2015, том 15, No 2 228 multiplied by the forth harmonic of the modulation signal. The deviation of optimal ratio of even harmonics is used as a feedback signal alternately with the deviation of optimal ratio of odd harmonics. A mathematical model of the algorithm is designed using the MATLAB package. Results of modeling have confirmed that suggested method gives the possibility for an automatic adjustment of the phase modulation depth and makes it possible to compensate temperature dependence for the modulator scale factor and output signal magnitude.


We calculate the reflection and transmission probabilities in a one-dimensional Fermi gas with an equal mixing of the Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling (RD-SOC) produced by an external Raman laser field. These probabilities are computed over multiple relevant energy ranges within the pseudopotential approximation. Strong scattering resonances are found whenever the incident energy approaches either a scattering threshold or a quasibound state attached to one of the energetically closed higher dispersion branches. A striking difference is demonstrated between two very different regimes set by the Raman laser intensity, namely, between scattering for the single-minimum dispersion versus the double-minimum dispersion at the lowest threshold. The presence of RD-SOC together with the Raman field fundamentally changes the scattering behavior and enables the realization of very different one-dimensional theoretical models in a single experimental setup when combined with a confinement-induced resonance.


Nilvadipine was administered as an oral solution formulation to 12 normotensive subjects in a three‐way randomized crossover study at at dose of 16 mg as three different dosing regimens: 1) as a single 16 mg dose, 2) as a 1.6 mg dose given hourly for 10 doses, and 3) as an initial dose of 4.8 mg, followed by 1.6 mg doses given every hour for seven additional doses. After each dose, clinical effects, hemodynamic changes and the pharmacokinetic profile of the drug were determined. The mean maximum changes in diastolic (DBP) and systolic (SBP) blood pressure and heart rate (HR) after dosing regimens 1, 2, and 3 were: −33, −13 and +46%; −17, −14 and +38%; and −24, −14 and +36%, respectively. There was a relationship between the changes in DBP and HR and plasma concentrations of nilvadipine only after dosing regimen 1. The effect‐concentration relationships were fit to a modified Emax model. There was no relationship between the change in SBP and plasma concentration after any of the dosing regimens. While there were no significant differences in the mean area under the plasma concentration‐time curve (AUC0→∞) between dosing regimens 2 (38.7 ng ṁ hr/mL) and 3 (42.1 ng ṁ hr/mL) (P > 0.05), the mean AUC0→∞ after regimen 1 (76.3 ng ṁ hr/mL) was significantly greater than after dosing regimens 2 or 3 (P < 0.05). The mean maximal plasma concentrations (Cmax) were 31.6, 1.3 and 6.3 ng/mL after dosing regimens 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Overall the results showed that nilvadipine caused changes in blood pressure and HR and that the largest changes were seen with dosing regimen 1, where peak plasma concentrations were greater than about 10 ng/mL.


The effect of fructose, sucrose, glucose, sorbitol, and maltose at various concentrations on in vitro shoot proliferation on MM.106 apple rootstock was studied. Shoot tips were cultured in MS medium containing 0.4 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 4.43 μM benzylaminopurine (BAP), 0.6% agar and 0, 30, 60, 90, or 120 mM of the above carbohydrates. Type and concentration of sugars had a significant effect on shoot number and length. Sorbitol at 90 mM was the most effective carbon source for shoot proliferation and it improved plant regeneration. Shoot number was lowest at 30 and 120 mM sucrose, 30 mM glucose and at all concentrations of maltose. Shoot survival in the presence of all carbohydrates was >85% after four weeks. The reduction in shoot length and number was more pronounced in maltose compared with the other sugars. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Many polyphenol monomers could inhibit aflatoxin B1 production and Quercetin had higher inhibitory activity than other catechin polyphenols.To explore the inhibition effect of quercetin on aflatoxin B1 production, the antioxidant system of Aspergillus flavus was monitored and the toxin genes express after quercetin treatment were analyzed. The results showed that quercetin treatment decreased the ROS and MDA concentration, confirming that this treatment could alleviate the oxidative stress of Aspergillus flavus. RT-PCR result showed that quercetin was able to activate the transcription factor Yap1 in antioxidant system to increase antioxidant enzyme activity, such as POD, COT and SOD activity. This induction may be a key factor for quercetin inhibition on AFB1. Quercetin downregulated the expression of AflRand AflS And AflS could regulate toxin production by combining AflR expression gene, which is possibly the key mechanism of the inhibition effect of quercetin on AFB1. This was also associated with activation of antioxidant systems in easing the fungi oxidative stress in vivo. In the case of AflR downward, the toxin gene expression was inhibited. Hence, quercetin can be employed as an efficient aflatoxin synthesis inhibitor with great application potential.


First collections of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from Honduras indicate a rich fauna. Nineteen species from just three sites yielded six species new to science. New species described and discussed are: Hydrodroma moralesi n. sp., Flabellifrontipoda triscutata n. sp., Monatractides angelae n. sp., Pseudotorrenticola espinasseae n. sp., Atractides jenniferae n. sp. and Recifella cusucoensis n. sp.


The invention relates to the technical field of the lithium ion batteries, in particular to a CC-CV charging method for an improved power lithium ion battery. The charging method comprises the following steps of: firstly, pre-charging the lithium ion battery by adopting 0.1C-0.3C current; enhancing the charging current to the constant charging stage when the charging capacity reaches 5% of the total capacity of the battery; and entering the constant voltage charging stage when the polarization voltage of the battery is abrupt. When the battery is at an environmental temperature of 20-45 DEG C, the charging current formula adopted in the constant current stage is ICC=KC*CA, wherein KC represents the charging and discharging multiplying power efficient at constant temperature of the battery, CA represents the actual capacity of the batter, and Kc is usually 0.5-1. In the method, the external characteristic parameters of the battery are fully taken into consideration, and the charging efficiency and service life of the battery are taken into account.


1 Mothers 2 Fathers 3 Brothers 4 Youth 5 Years fo Apprenticeship 6 The Reality of Life 7 A New Beginning 8 Fullness of Life 9 Struggles and Reconciliation


Kinetics of transmembrane ion transport is studied in the framework of the Eyring's reaction rate theory. The exchange constant characterizing the process of approaching of the trace particle concentration to the equilibrium distribution is expressed in terms of the microscopic parameters of membrane channels. The obtained expression can be used to get additional information on channel structure from the comparison with the experiments on concentration decay of trace particles.


Current peer-to-peer (P2P) systems often suffer from a large fraction of freeriders not contributing any resources to the network. Various mechanisms have been designed to overcome this problem. However, the selfish behavior of peers has aspects which go beyond resource sharing. This paper studies the effects on the topology of a P2P network if peers selfishly select the peers to connect to. In our model, a peer exploits locality properties in order to minimize the latency (or response times) of its lookup operations. At the same time, the peer aims at not having to maintain links to too many other peers in the system. By giving tight bounds on the price of anarchy, we show that the resulting topologies can be much worse than if peers collaborated. Moreover, the network may never stabilize, even in the absence of churn. Finally, we establish the complexity of Nash equilibria in our game theoretic model of P2P networks. Specifically, we prove that it is NP-hard to decide whether our game has a Nash equilibrium and can stabilize.


A rare case, in which the metacarpophalangeal(MP) joint of the ring finger was locked, was treated by operation.Locking was caused by the osteophyte of the metacarpal head catching the accessory ligament in the ulnar side.In accordance with references, the mechanism of derangement and treatment are discussed.


Poetry Machine Translator is problematic area challenging. It is very important that output of poetry translation should still be poetry. Thai Poetry is composed with sets of syllables. Those rhymes, existing from stanzas, lines and the text in paragraph of the poetry, may not represent the complete syntax. Evaluation of translation will show the quality of translator but Evaluation is still a research topic in itself. This researchwill focus on the Thai poetry type "Klonn-Pad" and aim to translate into English keeping terms of prosody. The results of translation between Forward and Backward translation will be compared by BLEU (Bilingual Evaluation Understudy) metric and METEOR (Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit Ordering). Prosody keeping will be check by Error percentage of prosody rule. The prosody error checking separate to Check line length (Number of syllable) and Check Rhyme (Relation of phonetic). The original (Thai) language L1 translates to the target language L2. The result of Forward is L2out and the result of Backward is L1out. The BLEU score of Forward (L2out) equaled 0.751, Backward (L1out) equaled 0.885. The METEOR score of Forward (L2out) Precision equaled 0.863, Recall equaled 0.791 and F-Measure equaled 0.840. For Backward (L1out) Precision equaled 0.850, Recall equaled 0.863 and F-Measure equaled 0.856. Check line length correctness of Forward (L2out) equaled 0.875, Backward (L1out) equaled 1. Check Rhyme correctness of Forward (L2out) equaled 0.857, Backward (L1out) equaled 0.643. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the Thai poetry machine translators with Poetry's dictionary and Tuning Module can provide the good result. Thus, it is necessary and reasonable that Synonyms


This chapter describes and illustrates the morphological central nervous system changes in hereditary metabolic disorders. In some disorders, the metabolic derangements are most prominent in the cytosol and are linked to the dysfunction of a single cellular organelle. In these disorders, there may be intracellular accumulation of an intermediate metabolite, resulting in "storage" or accumulation of the abnormal substance within the cell. The organelles most commonly involved in these disorders are lysosomes, peroxisomes, mitochondria, and the cytoplasmic compartment. Other disorders are defined by an enzyme deficiency; by the biochemical pathways involved (metabolic disorders of sugars, copper, amino acids, or structural protein); or only by morphologic/clinical features.


gummary The reactions of children in a school classroom were noted at weekly intervals over a period including summer, autumn, spring and summer. To achieve thermal comfort they could adjust the number of items of clothing they wore, they could open windows to cool the room and switch lights on to warm it. These means of moderating the environment show relatively high correlation with the quantity to which adaptation was being made — temperature — and low correlation with the state to be achieved - thermal neutrality. These correlations can be arranged so as to demonstrate causal, co-variational and feedback relationships.


Abstract
 Salt marshes provide important foraging habitats for wading birds (Ardeidae), and it has been suggested that the lack of suitable marsh habitats can limit the size of wading bird populations. It is therefore important to be able to accurately assess wading bird use of salt marshes over multiple spatial and temporal scales. The goal of this study was to determine how wading bird utilization of Narragansett Bay, RI salt marshes is affected by changing tide levels. Bird surveys were conducted across the tidal range at three different marshes. Wading birds foraged over much of the tidal cycle, but reverted to increased loafing during mid-tides when shallow foraging habitats were limited. Birds foraged in increasingly deeper water at higher tide stages rather than seeking out consistently shallow water over the tidal period. At Round Marsh, the primary study site, bird abundances were significantly related to tidal stages, but different patterns were observed at two additional sites. Wading bird abundance appears to depend on the availability of habitats that provide shallow foraging areas across tidal stages. Results from this study can be used to improve wading bird monitoring protocols and field studies on wading birds in salt marshes by ensuring that tidal stage is accounted for.


Recently large changes in newsprint are observed. That is, the changes are promotion of lightweight, accelerated increase of web offset printing, increase of multi-colored printing and increase of the rate of using of recycled paper. The feature of web offset printing in newsprint is to use cold set type ink. Accordingly the drying after printing is done by absorption in newsprint without oven. One of important property of the newsprint is fast ink setting. Also higher picking resistance is required for good print quality at high speed printing of newsprint. For this purpose coated newsprints by starch and polyvinylalchol are generally used today. High brightness newsprint and pigment coated newsprint are mainly used in sports newspaper. They have clear print qualities. The rate of ultra lightweight newsprint is about 81.8% today. The rate of web offset printing in newsprint is over 86% today. In recent Japanese public patents many applications of improvement for newsprint is observed. There are the improvement by the change of pulp composition, the improvement by surface sizing agents, the improvement by starch, PVA and latex, the improvement by pigment coating with latex, the improvement by calendering condition and so on. In Japan there are many different newsprints in paper weight, brightness, opacity, absorption degrees of oil, picking resistance, ink receptivity and ink set. Today in Japanese coated newsprints by gate roll coater with starch are increasing. This trend will continue in future. Our test results of coated newsprint by starch, starch/latex blend and plastic pigment showed possibility of improvement (brightness, picking resistance, especially wet pick resistance, and ink receptivity).


Objective To investigate the present situation of adaptation to school life among male nursing students and to make correspondent psychological intervention so as to improve their adaptation ability.Method Twenty-seven male nursing students were investigated with the interpersonal relationship comprehensive diagnostic table,Undergraduates Learning Adaptability Questionnair(ULAQ) questionnaire,and Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90).Result The male nursing students had problems such as tensional interpersonal relationship,lower professional interest and psychological problems in compulsory,depression,anxiety,hostility,crankiness and mental symptoms in some various degree.Conclusion The adaptability of male nursing students is lower.It is necessary to implement systematically psychological intervention to improve their interpersonal relationship,strengthen professional ideas,stabilize vocational feelings,adjust psychological state,and enhance their learning initiative,thereby to promote their physical and psychological comprehensive development.


The serious typical temperature cracking accident that occurred first time in China was in the heavy equipment foundation of Wuyang Steel Company. According to the accident causes, different treatments were taken after the crack became stabilized, for example, sticking glass fiber, grouting epoxy, placing fine-aggregate concrete to reinforce the grouted layer and etc., achieving good effect.


The present invention discloses a method for preparing a chiral cyclic phosphoric acid, which method comprises the steps of: a isobutyraldehyde, aromatic aldehydes to chiral 3-aryl-3-hydroxy conditions under catalytic chiral catalyst -2 , 2-methylpropanal; B chiral 3-aryl-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl propionaldehyde reduced to give the chiral 1-aryl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3 - propanediol; c. of methylene chloride under conditions to react with phosphorus oxychloride to give the chiral aryl-2-chloro-5,5-dimethyl-2-oxo-1,3,2-phosphorus dioxane phosphorus oxychloride; D hydrolysis, acidification to generate a chiral cyclic phosphoric acid under basic conditions. High optical purity of the target product obtained with this process, simple operation, low cost, high yield, less pollution, is the art of organic synthesis.


The peculiarity of this work is in the planning of the pilot works and the development of low-permeability fractured gas reservoir by horizontal wells with multi-stage fracturing considering natural fractures impact which taken into account on the basis of integrated approach with petrophysical, geological, geomechanical and dynamic modelling.
 The article presents the results of multivariant calculations of hydraulic fracturing design dynamic modelling with and without natural fractures depending on the well placement, length and orientation of the horizontal well, geometry of hydraulic fracture, as well as possible effects that occur during the operation of the wells.
 Technological constraints (geomechanics input) were taken into account as a basis for evaluation of horizontal well trajectories with multi-stage fracturing for the pilot works and recommended for implementation during the subsequent fullfield development for target gas reservoir, as well as replication of the experience for the similar assets of the Company.


Quality of Work Life is the level of happiness or dissatisfaction with one's career. Employers have started concentrating on providing best work environments to their employees to get the best results. A good quality of work life reduces absenteeism, accidents & attrition. Quality of work life is useful to improve production, organizational effectiveness, and morale of employees and economic development of the country. The modern world is entitled to be a global village backed by call centers. It revolutionizes the way, in which we live and work. The world witnesses a lot of drastic change in the course of mankind's reach to the present era. Quality of Work Life is a real phenomenon and it is associated with the satisfaction level of the employees universally. In this case, the employees in the BPO sector in Coimbatore District, is considered for the study. There are many factors that lead the respondents into life intimidating situations. Some important factors associated with their quality of work life is working condition, work culture, physical and psychological well being, welfare measures, pay and benefits and grievance handling proce- dures in the organization. Hence, the study is an attempt to find out the quality of work life among employees in the BPO sector in Coimbatore. This study is considered to analyze the areas of problems that hinder the quality of work and quality of life of the BPO employees in Coimbatore. The major objectives of the present study are to evaluate the demographic factors and perception towards quality of work life among employees working in the BPO sector, to iden- tify the level of influence of the attributes significantly contributing towards quality of work life of the employees in the BPO sector and to contribute suggestions to improve the quality of work & life of the employees. The study concludes that the research objectives were analysed taking different dimensions deciding quality of work life from which there is a significant correlation found with few attributes and there is no correlation with some of the attributes perceived by the BPO sector employees working in Coimbatore. The study identifies some of the factors that decide quality of work life and the employees' perception towards satisfaction in their work. In India, the researches reveal that employees of the BPO sector are put to strain due to their work culture and work nature. It is recommended that immediate atten- tion by the decision makers in the BPO sector needs to bring in more innovation in the workplace to refresh their em- ployees and also help them lead a balanced work and life


New vector problem of electromagnetic wave diffraction by a system of non-intersecting three-dimensional inhomogeneous dielectric bodies and infinitely thin screens is considered in a quasiclassical formulation as well as the classical problem of diffraction by a lossless inhomogeneous body. In both cases, the original boundary value problem for Maxwell's equations is reduced to integro-differential equations in the regions occupied by the bodies (and on the screen surfaces). The integro-differential operator is treated as a pseudodifferential operator in Sobolev spaces and is shown to be zero-index Fredholm operator. Uniqueness of solutions is proved under the realistic hypothesis of discontinuity of the dielectric permittivity the boundary of a volume scatterer. This result allowed to establish invertibility of the integro-differential operator in sufficiently broad spaces. For the problem of diffraction on dielectrics and surface conductors, theorem on smoothness of a solution is proved under assumption of data smoothness. The latter implies equivalence between the differential and integral formulations of the scattering problem. The matrix integro-differential operator is proved to be a Fredholm invertible operator. Thus, the existence of a unique solution to both problems is established.


Thank you very much for downloading analytical psychology notes of the seminar given in 1925. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their favorite readings like this analytical psychology notes of the seminar given in 1925, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer.


Physicians involved in the care of patients with cardiac and vascular problems regularly employ heparin in treatment regimens of inpatients and outpatients. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is an important complication that can result in significant morbidity and mortality. It is reasonable, therefore, to review the pathogenetic mechanisms involved, the identification of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and the management to minimize morbidity and mortality.


In 1987 under the dynamic leadership of Dr. Seyed Alireza Marandi Irans minister of health a dialogue was initiated to explore the potential of reinvigorating a family planning and maternal and child health program. He was supported by longtime family-planning pioneers such as Dr. Amir H. Mehryar who had been director of the Population Center at Shiraz University but now directs the Institute for Research on Development and Planning. Numerous articles by brilliant scholars such as Dr. Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi assistant professor in the department of demography and social sciences at the University of Tehran substantiated the need to address the effect of rapid population growth on development as well as the devastating impact on womens health. What resulted was a massive health mobilization and reconstruction program. Within a mere 15 years birthrates had dropped to replacement-size families. Infant mortality was reduced by two-thirds and maternal mortality dropped to a fourth of its prior level. Under the dynamic leadership of Dr. Bahram Delavar director general of the family health department in the Ministry of Health over 15000 "Health Houses" provided primary healthcare with an extensive network of over 4500 health centers. (excerpt)


OBJECTIVE:To establish the colon tumour diagnostic models of 8 tumor related markers in tissue in situ by artificial neural network (ANN) and evaluate the feasibility of combined application of tissue microarray (TMA) technique and ANN. METHODS: Sever kinds of tumor related proteins (ST13 and so on) and HSF1 mRNA were detected by means of TMA technique, and the diagnostic models were established by ANN-BP. RESULTS: By means of Kruskal-wallis H test available in Matlab 6.5, the expression of every one of 8 tumour related markers (proteins/mRNA) was evaluated in healthy colon, colon adenoma and colon carcinoma, respectively, and the result showed that the expression in these 3 tissues of ST13, Bcl-2, Survivin and HSF1 mRNA were significantly different, P0.01; then the random assortments of the 8 tumour relate markers were used to establish different diagnostic models, whose diagnostic sensibilities were evaluated by training and blinding test sets respectively. The diagnostic model established by the group of ST13, Bcl-2, Survivin and HSF1 mRNA was found to be the best one among all the random groups. Its training set predicted veracities were 92.895% for healthy colon tissue, 94.163% for colon adenoma, and 92.013% for colon carcinoma, meanwhile its blinding test set predicted veracities were 85.714%, 79.412% and 72%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Combined application of TMA technique and ANN can enhance the diagnostic efficiency of the tumor related markers in colon tissue in situ dramatically.


Shin, Sungkyun. (2019). On the functions of the simple present tense in The Pilgrim's Progress. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 27(4), 91-103. Contrary to Pascal's (1965) claim, the simple present tense (SP) in the narrative told in the preterit in The Pilgrim's Progress signifies more than experiences of daily affairs, and we may categorize the SP in Pilgrim's Progress into three types: first, SP describing eternal truths, timeless statement, or generics, focusing on eternal truths, such as eternal dwelling in Heaven with the eternal God, the eternal invitation to all human beings from the eternal God, and being alert and on guard as a true pilgrim shown in "true pilgrimage," awakened from spiritual slumber. Second, the SP is also used as the historical present (HP), to convey a vivid description of a certain past event, giving the reader a feeling of being there as an observer, such as conveying the threat of Giant Despair through the use of SP forms like getteth (gets), goes, falls, and beats, and thereby warning against falling into true despair. Finally, SP also describes an ordinary life in the sense that John Bunyan's main purpose is to describe what an ordinary person (an everyman figure) is likely to experience daily in the trials and adventures encountered traveling from his/her home, the worldly city, to the heavenly kingdom. The excellence of Bunyan's writing lies in his success evoking in his readers the daily reality of the story he presented as his dreams by employing SP with three types of function.


Our sequence analyses of the PSED2 database, the largest available dataset on venture creation processes, demonstrate two points. First, they show when and how to use the numerous variants of this method. To this end, we develop a decision tree that makes the analytical choices to be taken explicit. Since researchers can often not know ex ante which way of running sequence analyses delivers the most insightful results, we suggest to use this decision tree and: `in case of doubt, do it both ways!`. Second, our analyses also highlight the usefulness of sequence techniques for studying venture creation processes. Contrary to previous start-up analyses, we succeed in identifying 16 distinct ways in which entrepreneurs set up new ventures. These findings suggest that previous studies fail to recognize systematic venture creation patterns due to the use of traditional statistical techniques which do not make it possible to treat one sequence of events as one single case.


Highly reversible Fe plating and stripping can facilitate the generation of new aqueous Fe metal batteries as attractive energy storage systems due to the low cost and high capacity of Fe. Such Fe metal batteries using mildly acidic electrolytes differ from the Fe metal anode in Edison batteries, which employ a conversion reaction from Fe to Fe(OH)2 and to Fe3O4 in alkaline electrolytes. Unfortunately, Fe plating/stripping reactions are known for their notoriously poor reversibility. In this issue of ACS Central Science, Gao, Bedrov, and co-workers at the University of Utah have developed a new series of electrolytes that bestow the Fe metal anode with drastically improved Coulombic efficiency and enhanced plating/ stripping kinetics. The novel electrolytes consist of a baseline aqueous FeCl2 electrolyte which is reinforced by the addition of either MgCl2 or CaCl2. Excitingly, the inclusion of these inexpensive and abundant chloride salts dramatically increases the Coulombic efficiency to a record high of >99%, thereby paving the way for the future development of long-life aqueous Fe metal batteries. Currently, aqueous Zn metal batteries are seen as one of the most promising technologies for large-scale energy storage. However, Fe is far more abundant than Zn, the price of Fe metal is roughly 1/43 that of Zn, and its theoretical capacities are even higher (960 mAh/g, 7557 mAh/cm) than that of Zn (820 mAh/g, 5851 mAh/cm3). These attributes have spurred renewed interest in aqueous Fe metal batteries for grid-scale applications, and a variety of Fe-ion batteries that function via the reversible plating/stripping of Fe at the anode have been reported, where most progress has been made on the cathode side. Despite the promising characteristics of Fe metal as an anode, the reported reversibility of the Fe/Fe redox has been far from sufficient. The Coulombic efficiencies of the Fe plating/stripping process in conventional FeSO4 or FeCl2-based aqueous electrolytes are typically still below 91% (at applied currents of <5 mA/cm2). The poor reversibility of the Fe metal anode redox represents one of the greatest hurdles toward the development of a practical long cycle life Fe battery. The low Coulombic efficiency can, in large part, be ascribed to the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) that occurs at the anode surface in acidic electrolytes. The HER, which produces flammable H2 gas, not only results in poor efficiency but can also cause increased corrosion, possible dendrite formation, and eventual cell failure. Unlike Zn metal, Fe can act as an HER catalyst, associated with a much lower HER overpotential and facile H2 generation kinetics. 1,7 Therefore, devising new ways of suppressing the HER problem and


High-pressure Raman scattering from hexagonal close-packed (HCP) metals Os and Re have been extended up to 200 GPa, and the pressure-dependent shear modulus C 44 has been deduced from the Raman-active mode E 2g , which is generated from the adjacent vibration of atoms in hexagonal planes, providing the valuable information about the elastic properties for HCP metals under high pressure. Combined with the available data of HCP metals from previous works, a further study indicates that the C44′/C44 ratio would be close to a constant value, 0.01, with increasing atomic number of metals. The results obtained from high-pressure Raman scattering will allow us to probe the elastic anisotropy of the HCP metals at very high pressure.


Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. Studies have suggested that early diagnosis and treatment of modifiable CKD risk factors are important to prevent the progression to renal replacement therapy. Established predictors for development of CKD include high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus. Uric acid (AU) is often elevated in the plasma of patients with renal dysfunction and has been implicated as a risk factor for the development of CKD. Objective. We analyzed the association between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and the onset of CKD. Methods. A retrospective cohort study was designed to collect data from employees of a company of generation and distribution of energy in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, who had undergone annual company medical checkup from 2008 to 2014. Those with ˂ two years of follow-up, with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ˂ 60 ml/min/1.73m² or with incomplete data were excluded. The endpoint was defined as eGFR ˂ 60 ml/min/1.73m² estimated through the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation (CKD-EPI). Logistic regression was used to test for association of independent variables with the development of CKD. Results. The study involved 1094 participants. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 4.2%. There was a significant inverse correlation between baseline serum levels of UA and baseline eGFR (R = - 0.21, P < 0.001). The mean follow–up period was 5.05 ± 1.05 years and at the end, 44 participants exhibited new-onset CKD. Female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 4.00; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.92-8.29, P < 0.001) and age (OR = 1.06 per annum; 95% CI = 1.02-1.11, P= 0.004) but not UA levels (OR = 1.12 mg/dL; 95% CI = 0.83-1.50; P = 0.465) were associated with new-onset CKD. Diabetes mellitus and BMI were found as independent factors for fast progression (OR = 2.17; 95% CI = 1.24-3.80, P= 0.007) and (OR = 1.04 Kg/m²; 95% CI = 1.01-1.07; P = 0.020), respectively. Conclusion. These results did not support UA as an independent predictor for CKD development in the studied population


Personal empowerment is an important element for ensuring business success at personal level in the organization. In case of telecom operators in the local market personal and managers have to work independently. In this context empowerment plays vital role. This paper explains the levels of personal empowerment of the telecom managers in regional context of Assam, India. The study gives a snapshot scenario on the approaches to assess personal empowerment in telecom industries operating in the North East Indian geographical location.


The effect of a near field scatterer on direction finding and its reduction is considered. The effects of a scatterer in the near field of an antenna array are modeled. It is shown that the scatterer degrades the ability of the MUSIC algorithm to resolve two plane waves with a small angular separation. A technique is presented to suppress the effects of the near field scatterer. With this technique, it is shown that the MUSIC algorithm can be applied in the usual manner after applying the Mahalanobis transformation and altering the search vector. It is shown that the effects of an uncoupled scatterer in the near field of the antenna array can be virtually eliminated.


Media, politics and public opinion are mutually conditioned social categories. Their interdependence is particularly pronounced in armed conflicts, especially in the context of armed interventions. The forum of the interaction of these phenomena is framed by the paradigm of strategic communication, which is transmitted to the public through the actions of entities identified as strategic communicators to achieve a motivating effect for reactions that are in line with communicators' interests. One of the emerging forms of strategic communication in all its forms and contents is the CNN effect. The paper contributes to the definition of the CNN effect as a broader concept than the television station, after which it was named. Furthermore, the paper analyzes the relationship between politics, the media and the public to gain public support for military intervention. The paper also provides an analysis of the CNN effect in the function of strategic communication on the example of the media use of bloodshed in the Markale market during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1995, with an analysis of the US actions and effects to support the idea of military intervention.


In this study,Jinda 62 × Youchu 4 and their hybrid descendants were selected as test materials.The relationship between soybean agronomic characters,protein content and grain fat was discussed through gray relational analysis.The result indicated that the leaf area possessed completely opposite effect on accumulation of the protein content and fat,the days of emergence-initial flower and the days of initial flower-mature respectively were important factors controlling accumulation of protein and fat.The longer growth period could also increase the accumulation of protein and fat in soybean seeds,artificial adjustment of the relative length and leaf area index of early and late growth period could change the proportion of content of protein and fat.The study could provide quality breeding of character selection and varieties modification with theoretical basis in the future.


The conductivity profile inversion for purely conducting media is studied. Presently, some approximation inversion formulations are given for this problem. In this Letter, a generalized Gel'fand-Lavitan equation is given for exact inversion. Like the famous GL equation, the generalized GL equation is exactly solvable when the reflection coefficient is a rational function. Reconstruction examples are also given. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


least sophisticated of America's educational critics (4). In this sense, Dewey was the created hero of a decade of reform. However, the reformers have tended not to use the intricate, profound, and often obscure core of Dewey's work. Rather, to support their particular innovations, the reformers have used whatever in Dewey's writing lent itself to easy sloganeering. Their innovations have often been romantic, child-centered, pedagogical reforms that lacked a social perspective and bore little resemblance to Dewey's ideas.


It is traditional in the United States, as in many other countries, that extensive banking troubles bring about a legislative re-examination of the organization and functions of the banking system. In fact, a major crisis is usually required to precipitate such an examination. The most recent crisis occurred at the top level of our banking system and brought it into conflict with a department of the Federal Government. Although the conflict had long been in the making, it came into the open in August, 1950. The Federal Reserve System felt that it could no longer forego the use of its principal weapon to control credit-open market operations-in order to support the prices of government bonds at artificially low rates of interest. The Treasury insisted upon a "stable market" for its securities in the face of the great uncertainties created by the Korean war. The conflict deepened in intensity and the two agencies eventually reached a virtual deadlock. Finally, under considerable pressure from the President and the Congress, the two agencies reached an "accord" or modus vivendi early in March, 1951. Shortly afterward, Chairman O'Mahoney of the Joint Committee on the Economic Report appointed a five-man Subcommittee on General Credit Control and Debt Management, headed by Congressman Wright Patman, to investigate the whole problem and make recommendations for avoiding similar difficulties in the future. The Subcommittee organized a small staff;, headed by Dr. Henry C. Murphy, long a key man on the staff of the Treasury Department.2 Elaborate questionnaires were prepared covering theoretical aspects of fiscal, monetary, and credit policies and practical aspects of central and commercial banking, the market for Government bonds, and many related matters. In fact, they were so broad in


Traditional k-means algorithm can make the distances of objects in the same cluster as small as possible, but the distances of objects from different clusters are not satisfied efficiently and usually the dataset with mixed numeric and categorical data is not classified correctly. The IWEKM (improved weight entropy k-means) algorithm is proposed in this paper. The proposed algorithm overcomes the above problems by modifying the cost function of entropy weighting k-means clustering algorithm by adding a variable that is relevant linearly to the square sum of distances from the mean of all objects and the means of all clusters and a variable that is relevant to relativity degree of categorical data. The results of different clustering algorithms applied on Iris data and Flag data show that the proposed algorithm is efficient.


Infectious aortic aneurysm leads to poor prognosis and high mortality rate as high as 50% due to delayed/missed diagnosis. Early use of appropriate antibiotics and adequate surgical debridement would improve outcome of patients, which is dependent on diagnosis on time. It takes as long as 7 days before a certain bacterium could be isolated/biochemical identificated. It is difficult to differential these bacteria by the isolation/biochemical identification on time. Direct detection of a certain bacterium using molecular diagnostic assays such for PCR with specific primers is a preferred option for rapid diagnosis, but requires sophisticated laboratories. A high degree of clinical suspicion should be the key for a diagnosis of infectious aortic aneurysm in endemic areas.


A 20-year-old woman was admitted, because 5 months before admission, she started having epigastric abdominal pain and lost weight. On examination the patient was pale, had abdominal pain when deep palpation was applied. In laboratory tests, a microcytic hypochromic anemia was found. Results of computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed a rounded heterogeneous mass adjacent to the pancreas (Fig. 1). An oral endoscopy revealed in the fourth duodenum portion a neoplastic appearance of an ulcer, where a biopsy was taken (Fig. 2). The pathological and immunohistochemistry studies showed neoplastic cells positive for CD99, FLI-1 (friend leukemia integration 1 transcription factor), and CD 117. With a suspected sarcoma, a molecular study of traslocation t (11; 22), (q24; q12) in the locus 22q12 of EWSR1 gene (Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1) was done (Fig. 3). These findings were compatible with Ewing's sarcoma (ES). The surgery performed was cephalic pancreaticoduodenectomy (Fig. 4).


To avoid nonlinear and strong coupling of the lateral thrust and aerodynamic compound control system,and achieve missile's maneuver flight at high angle of attack,pitching and yawing channels of missile were decoupled into two linear systems by the method of feedback linearization based on some supposition and conversion.Each channel controller based on RBF neural network sliding-mode variable-structure was designed.The simulation result shows that two control-channels of high maneuvering missile are decoupled,and the control command is tracked respectively and steadily with strong robustness.The control chattering is reduced effectively.The variable structure control method on the basis of feedback linearization can greatly reduce the complexity for designing control system of the missile.