The input data need to be sorted before the in-situ operation of FFT(Fast Fourier Transform). The main methods include calculating the reversed data serial number according to the positive data serial number, calculating the reversed data serial number based on the previous reversed data serial number, and table look-up. Through the simulation on IAR and KEIL platforms, this paper studies the operation time of various algorithms. The experimental results are highly consistent on two platforms. The results show that the most direct and simplest table look-up method is obviously better than the other two methods in terms of the operation time.


We tested the hypothesis that spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) exhibit reduced desensitization of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y1 receptor (Y1R) leading to altered hindlimb vasomotor control. ?‐arrestin 2 ( ?‐arr) is a key regulatory protein involved in the desensitization of the Y1R (as well as many other G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCRs)). Reduced ?‐arr would lead to less desensitization, and prolonged signal transduction. In vivo measurements of arterial pressure and femoral blood flow (Transonic) were measured in 7‐week old anaesthesized male SHR animals (n=5) and their genetic control (WKY; n=6) rats. Red vastus lateralis from the animals were analyzed for ?‐arr content by western blotting techniques. SHR content of ?‐arr was 1412 ± 827 units while ?‐arr content in the WKY animals was 3546 ± 898 units (p = 0.003; mean ± SD). These data are consistent with the 55% (p = 0.07) and 60% (p = 0.06) reductions in both hindlimb blood flow (ml/min) and conductance (ml/min/mmHg) to exogenous NPY (r = 0.77, p = 0.02 and r = 0.66, p = 0.05 respectively). β‐arr was also correlated with reductions in hindlimb flow to exogenous phenylephrine (r =0.76, p = 0.02). These data implicate a role for β‐arr in Y1R and alpha adrenergic receptor sensitization in hypertension. This work was supported by CIHR.


A naturally occurring hemagglutinin with high affinity for rabbit erythrocytes was identified in the whole body extract of the May beetle Phyllophaga sp. The extract of the whole body also agglutinated pig, human A, human AB, rat, human B and O erythrocytes with diverse specificities. However, it failed to agglutinate cow, goat and buffalo erythrocytes. Physico-chemical analysis of the agglutinin using rabbit erythrocytes as indicator cells revealed that the agglutinin was at its highest activity between pH 7.5 to 8.5, temperature 35 o C and in the presence of 10 mM Ca 2+ in the buffer. Agglutinability of the whole body extract of the May beetle was slightly enhanced by low concentrations (0.01 to 5 mM) of disodium EDTA, unaffected by trisodium citrate (0.01 to 50 mM) and tetrasodium EDTA (0.01 to 1 mM). However, higher concentration of disodium EDTA (> 10 mM) greatly reduced the agglutinability than tetrasodium EDTA and trisodium citrate. Hemagglutinability inhibition assay recognized lactoferrin (HAI titer = 512) as the potent inhibitor of the agglutinin found in the whole body extract of the May beetle Phyllophaga sp. Presence of Ca 2+ dependent natural agglutinin in the whole body extracts of the May beetle, Phyllophaga sp. may contribute to its defense mechanism.


The invention is a head protective cover (10) with a about a rotational axis (22) pivoting visor (14) and a locking lever (24) as a means for locking the visor (14) in at least one position, wherein the locking lever (24) spaced apart by a lever pivot axis formed by the axis of rotation (22) of the visor (14) (26) is movable and by a manual operation in engagement with a recess (34) in an edge contour is to bring (36) of the visor (14).


Abstract : In the last decade of military conflict, the United States Army has dealt with an epidemic of organizational-level leaders committing moral and ethical violations. Many of these leaders were commissioned officers serving at the highest ranks of the military. They did not display any previous indications of this behavior and the military classified their service as exemplary. This thesis examined four case studies to determine if there was a possibility that the success of these leaders, the Emotional Intelligence that each of them seemed to possess, and the factors of the Bathsheba Syndrome contributed to their downfall. The failures of these leaders ranged from adulterous behavior in the case of General David H. Petraeus and General Kevin P. Byrnes, to abuse of government funds and privileges by General William E. Kip Ward, to finally the fostering of inappropriate command climates and abuse of subordinates with Lieutenant General Patrick J. O Reilly. The four case studies demonstrated that each of these leaders was susceptible or displayed the conditions of the Bathsheba Syndrome and that the Emotional Intelligence that each of them possessed was a factor in their failures.


Abstract This paper explores the design and initial implementation of a political science capstone. The capstone was organized around the theme of critical thinking. The course made the case to students that critical thinking was important and that political science provides uniquely valuable training for good critical thinking by teaching students methods and mindsets that formalize critical thinking. The capstone invited students to complete authentic performance tasks—a Literature Review, an Experiment Replication, and a Book Review—that would permit them to demonstrate and reflect on the knowledge and skills they had gained throughout the curriculum. Moreover, the Literature Review and Experiment Replication asked students to investigate the phenomenon of politically motivated reasoning—a salient example of a failure of critical thinking. The author intended to use the student work as evidence to assess the success of the overall curriculum in achieving the department's learning objectives. The initial run of this critical thinking capstone failed to produce such results. But this failure was largely the result of failures in the design and implementation of the capstone course itself—failures of expectations, failures of design, and failures of execution. This paper explores and explains the reasons for the failure of the initial run of the critical thinking capstone and suggests ways that future iterations of the course can be altered to more likely produce success in terms of students successfully achieving the course's learning objectives and the course generating evidence that can be used for effective departmental assessment.


This longitudinal study examined the extent to which dimensions of infant negative temperament in the first year predicted IQ at age 3, and whether these associations depended on the quality of the infant–mother attachment relationship. In a sample of 63 infant–mother dyads, mothers completed Rothbart's (1981) IBQ when infants were 4 and 12 months, mothers and infants participated in Ainsworth and Wittig's (1969) Strange Situation at 12 months, and children completed the Stanford-Binet (Thorndike, Hagen, & Sattler, 1986) when they were 36 months of age. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that 4- or 12-month distress to limitations was not predictive of later IQ, but infants with greater distress to novelty at 4 months had higher IQs at 36 months. Furthermore, greater distress to novelty at 12 months predicted higher IQs but only for infants whose attachment was insecure. Differential implications of temperamental fear versus anger for social influences on cognitive development are discussed.


Mesoporous amorphous manganese iron oxide exhibits excellent catalytic activity with UV-vis-IR and IR irradiation due to light-driven thermocatalysis and novel photoactivation.


In the context of higher education, a competence may be understood as the combination of skills, knowledge, attitudes, values, and abilities that underpin effective and/or superior performance in a professional area. The aim of the work reported here was to design a set of procedures to assess a transferable competence, i.e., problem solving, that is basic for learning, in both academic and professional life, and crucial for engineering. The study involved a total of 71 students enrolled at three universities at two different stages of their studies. The development phases of the assessment device included an analysis of the competence and its facets, the design of the assessment task, the development of criteria to rate student performance, and the analysis of the basic psychometric properties for assessment methods in the area of education. The conclusion was drawn that the training process and the elaboration of scoring criteria are costly but necessary if objectivity in the interpretation of results is to be guaranteed. The main achievement of this project was the development of a procedure that measures learning outcomes and, more specifically, problem solving.


A 1-year-old castrated male Shih-Tzu dog presented with severe orbital swelling involving the right eye. Physical examination identified a painless swelling of the right periocular tissues and protrusion of the third eyelid. Radiographic examination revealed a well-delineated, spherical (3 × 3 cm) soft tissue mass. Ultrasonography confirmed a hypoechoic, multilobular, tubular cystic structure with hyperechoic foci. Fine needle aspiration was conducted and the cytologic impression revealed copious mucus, increased neutrophilic leucocytes, and foamy macrophages. Th tentative diagnosis was zygomatic sialocele, and the lesion was resected through lateral orbitotomy. Surgical exploration identified a multilobular mass adhering to the zygomatic glands. Both the zygomatic gland and the mass were removed. Histological findings were consistent with those of an inflamed myxoma. No postoperative recurrence occurred within 1 year.


This dataset holds all THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE) tropical cyclone track model analysis and forecast data. Ensemble generated tropical cyclone track data from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ecmf), United Kingdom Met Office (egrr), National Centers for Environmental Prediction (kwbc), Japan Meteorological Agency (rjtd), China Meteorological Administration (babj), Meteorological Service of Canada (cwao), MeteoFrance (lfpw), and Korea Meteorological Administration (rksl) are included and made available for online access. New data are added to the archive from selected contributors on an ongoing basis.


The binding site of dichloroacetate (DCA) in PDHK2 has been examined in detail. As pyruvate is known t o bind at the same site, it has been docked at that site and the interactions responsible for its binding are examin ed. DCA is found to bind more strongly than pyruvate but because of toxicity it is not suitable as a drug. In order to find a m ore suitable ligand, a virtual library of small drug-like molecules is cre ated and various structural, electronic and topolog ical parameters calculated for the ligands correlated with various scoring parameters. Similar calculations are done w ith molecules similar to pyruvate and DCA. of a total of around 2000 mole cules screened this way, a few have been short-list ed, based on their strong binding affinity to PDHK2 and the absence of any serious ADME issues. They have been tested for inhibitor activity and found to be more potent than DCA.


We present a method to estimate the nuclear component of the stopping power of ions propagating in dense matter. Three kinds of effective pair potentials are proposed. Results from the warm dense matter regime and the domain of high energy density physics are presented and discussed for proton and helium. The role of ionic temperature is examined. The nuclear stopping power can play a noticeable role in hot dense matter.


It is important for Higher Vocational Colleges to conduct profession emotional education to their students.Using Dalian Vocational Technical College's teaching practice as example,this paper analyzes meaning and channel of profession emotional education in Higher Vocational Colleges.


Photovoltaic (PV) energy is one of the most important energy sources since it is clean and inexhaustible. It is important to operate PV energy conversion systems in the maximum power point (MPP) to maximize the output energy of PV arrays. An MPPT control is necessary to extract maximum power from the PV arrays. In recent years, a large number of techniques have been proposed for tracking the maximum power point. This paper presents a comparison of different MPPT methods and proposes one which used a power estimator and also analyses their suitability for systems which experience a wide range of operating conditions. The classic analysed methods, the incremental conductance (IncCond), perturbation and observation (P&O), ripple correlation (RC) algorithms, are suitable and practical. Simulation results of a single phase NPC grid connected PV system operating with the aforementioned methods are presented to confirm effectiveness of the scheme and algorithms. Simulation results verify the correct operation of the different MPPT and the proposed algorithm.


Blockade of the different types of neuroreceptors can lead to effective emetic control. Dopamine receptor blockers such as the phenothiazines, butyrophenones and substituted benzamides have been among the most effective agents. However, newer agents, such as ondansetron, which specifically bind to serotonin receptors, may preserve the anti-emetic efficacy of the dopamine-blockers, but without the associated extrapyramidal side effects of these agents


A special type of epitaxial growth appears during solid-phase thin film reactions, where the reaction product grows epitaxially on the substrate. Some metal suicide layers and nanostructures are known to develop such epitaxial structures. In this study, iron suicide was used to study the effect of the growth mode on the epitaxial growth. Strain-induced, self-assembled iron suicide nanostructures were grown on Si(OOl) substrates by electron gun evaporation of 1.0 nm iron and subsequent annealing at 500-850 °C for 60 min. The growth processes were checked by reflection high-energy electron diffraction, and the formed structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy. The iron silicide nanostructures were oriented in square directions epitaxially fitting to the surface of Si(001). The shape and size of the nanostructures depended on the annealing temperature. In some cases, the nanoparticles were arranged in circles. This might be the direct consequence of a nucleation-controlled type transition of iron monosilicide to iron disilicide phase at nanoscale.


A method for controlling a mobile communication terminal is provided to enable a user to use the terminal by moving a slider as necessary and opening a first body and a second body, thereby providing the best service to the user. A method for controlling a mobile communication terminal comprises the following steps of: executing a first mode if a first body and a second body are opened(S103); executing a second mode if a slider moves from the second body(S121); displaying an initial screen on an internal display(S111); outputting a screen, where a user can select additional functions provided to the terminal, on an external display(S123); and allowing a control unit to execute a corresponding function if a function is selected or an instruction is received by a key or a shutter button(S127,S128).


We describe a method that infers whether statistical dependences between two observed variables X and Y are due to a "direct" causal link or only due to a connecting causal path that contains an unobserved variable of low complexity, e.g., a binary variable.

This problem is motivated by statistical genetics. Given a genetic marker that is correlated with a phenotype of interest, we want to detect whether this marker is causal or it only correlates with a causal one. Our method is based on the analysis of the location of the conditional distributions P(Y|x) in the simplex of all distributions of Y. We report encouraging results on semi-empirical data.


Aging population is a common major social problem facing all over the world.Because of the lack of appropriate long-term care of disabled old men,social problems become increasingly serious.Compared with the whole country,Jiangsu province is more serious.Establishing long-term care insurance system is an important way to cope with the growing problem of an aging population and is also the important measures to promote pension service innovation.This paper,through comparison and reference at home and abroad,deeply analyses the present situation of Jiangsu and proposes the countermeasures and suggestions of establishing the long-term care insurance system in Jiangsu province.


BygLOK is a Danish experimental project within cooperation and learning on building sites. The overall goal is to develop a process that will make the craft smen more and more involved in and responsible for the daily decisions. In order to achieve this goal BygLOK focuses on improving communication and cooperation between the different trades. The development was initiated through a valu e based process created bottom up, where all workers on the building site participated. Both managers and workers participating have evaluated the completed experiments very positively as having initiated a process where all participants across trades make significantly better use of each other's strengths. On a more specific level it was found that in spite of (or maybe because of) the fact that all workers have spent one hour every week attending a meeting in order to discuss and plan the work, they have managed to deliver on time without any deficiencies. In the evaluation of BygLOK the managers and workers – as well as the teachers and the action researchers acting as professional facilitators – agreed that it will be possible to create a synergy effect if the efforts are made more comprehensive. As a result the experiences from BygLOK are now being widened and integrated into the implementation of Lean Construction and partnering in a new industry initiative on cooperation and learning in construction.


This study conceptualized posttraumatic identity changes in survivors of trauma and developed the Traumatized Identity Questionnaire (TIQ) with a participation of 310 and 234 trauma survivors in Study 1, and in Study 2, respectively. TIQ was divided into five factors: identity over-accommodation, identity disintegration, identity confusion, negative identity, and identity-function problem. Traumatized identity levels were the highest in people with complex trauma experiences. Moreover, a group comparison showed that people with higher posttraumatic stress symptoms have higher traumatized identity levels. TIQ turned out to be reliable and valid. Finally, limitations of this study and suggestions for further studies, as well as implications for clinical use were discussed.


We prove the topological invariance of the combinatorial Euler characteristic with the help of a canonical, topologically defined stratification of tame spaces by locally compact, tame strata.


– For any problem that asks you to provide an algorithm, be sure to give a step-by-step algorithm. Do not explain how to implement your algorithm in Arena or Excel, but rather, you should provide an algorithm (i.e., pseudo-code) that can be implemented in any language. Also, for any random variates needed by your algorithm, be sure to explicitly provide the steps needed to generate the random variates. You may assume that you have at your disposal a good unif[0,1] random number generator.


The present invention relates to a refrigerant circulation system. An object of the invention is to avoid boiling of the refrigerant resulting from closure of all refrigerant circuits in a refrigerant circulation system that controls opening and closing states of a plurality of refrigerant circuits by a control valve equipped with a rotor. In order to shift a rotation angle of a rotor to a region of a normal mode (for example, a region c) from a region of a heater cut mode (for example, a region e), the rotation angle needs to pass through a region where a flow rate of a refrigerant which is caused to flow through all branch channels becomes zero (a region d). When the refrigerant has a high temperature, there is a possibility of the refrigerant being not cooled, and boiling. Therefore, when a request to switch a normal mode and a heater cut mode is issued, permission/non-permission of switch of the mode is determined by comparison of a temperature of the refrigerant detected by the temperature sensor (26) and an upper limit temperature of the refrigerant.


The remote service system is essential to the manufacturing enterprises in the neweconomy. In this paper, the function of the remote service system is analyzed, and thenwe put forward the concept of the remote service platform. Further, the architecture of thesystem based on the COE (Common Operating Environment) is introduced. In addition,we study the methods which can realize the remote service, and finally, we propose theremote service platform's development.


How do activists advocate for immigrants in U.S. immigration detention, given its closed and guarded structures? Providing advocacy for immigrants becomes difficult in detention as many people do not have the requisite skillset for legal advocacy, a prominent method in providing support to detained immigrants. In this article, I examine the Freedom for Immigrants' Community Visitation Program (CVP) network, which organizes visits to detention sites, as one model by which people provide advocacy for detained immigrants. I base this on an analysis of CVP documents, websites, videos and reports, detained immigrant letters and statements, news stories, investigative reports, and secondary resources. Through this analysis, I find that CVPs organize volunteers by having a wide coverage of CVPs throughout the U.S. and manage visitation training programs. This allows volunteers to provide social and emotional support to detained migrants. Additionally, volunteers serve as advocates during instances of abuse occurring inside detention that may otherwise have remained invisible by rallying around detained migrants, as seen in the case of Laura Monterrosa. Visitation programs allow for an opening within the closed detention system for other people besides those living in its daily infrastructure and work to undo the complex detention system.


method. The approach was implemented within Multipoint Approximation Method (MAM) method related to mid-range approximation framework. The developed technique has been tested on analytical problems and has also been applied for building the metamodel combining global approximations as Kriging (KRG), Radial Basis Functions (RBF), Polynomial Response Surface (PRS), and Moving Least-Squares method (MLSM).


Purpose: Certified Diabetes educators have long been utilized to educate patients with diabetes on effective lifestyle changes and to assist in optimizing evidence based medication. Using the same ...


A new azido-bridged copper(II) complex, [Cu(dmp)(µ 1,1-N3)(µ 1,3-N3)] n (1) (dmp = 3,5-dimethylpyrazole), has been structurally and magnetically characterized. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the compound consists of double end-on (EO) azido-bridged dimers which are linked by single end-to-end (EE) azide bridges to form a 2-D layer-like structure. Magnetic investigation demonstrates an overall ferromagnetic interaction in 1 and both azide bridges (EE and EO) transmit ferromagnetic coupling. At low temperature (T < 2.5 K), the compound exhibits some metamagnetic behavior.


There are many proposed life models in the literature, based on Lindley distribution. In this paper, a unified approach is used to derive a general form for these life models. The present generalization greatly simplifies the derivation of new life distributions and significantly increases the number of lifetime models available for testing and fitting life data sets for biological, engineering, and other fields of life. Several distributions based on the disparity of the underlying weights of Lindley are shown to be special cases of these forms. Some basic statistical properties and reliability functions are derived for the general forms. In addition, comparisons among various forms are investigated. Moreover, the power distribution of this generalization has also been considered. Maximum likelihood estimator for complete and right-censored data has been discussed and in simulation studies, the efficiency and behavior of it have been investigated. Finally, the proposed models have been fit to some data sets.


Spectral absorption method based on two step linear regression analyses (TSLR) was applied for detection of two strains of cyanobacterium, Microcystis (blue-green algae) from eukaryotic algae. Both blue-green algae, algae and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were considered from freshwater bodies in Kanto region, Japan. The results show that blue-green species can be detected from other algal species using absorption spectra of water samples. In this study statistical analysis was done by TSLR method, which determined the gradient vectors of single algal species and DOC. We believe that this method might be useful in environmental monitoring of freshwater algae.


This report of experience describes the Music therapy intervention for the mother-preterm infant dyad – MUSIP, that aims at sensitizing the mother to sing to her preterm infant, during the hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Unit Care. The MUSIP is organized in eight sessions, alternating individual sessions with the mother and sessions with the mother-infant dyad. During the implementation of the MUSIP, the music therapist carried out the intervention in a NICU of a public hospital with nine mothers and their preterm infants. Several challenges were found regarding the availability of the families and the demands of the hospital. Therefore, it was necessary to adapt the MUSIP, by making the number of sessions more flexible, the kind of activities that were proposed, as well as the alternation between the sessions with the mother and with mother-infant dyad. Evidences suggest that MUSIP contributed to the mother's and the infant's 'empowerment' and to their 'communicative musicality', enhancing the mother-preterm infant interaction. The MUSIP is a low-cost intervention with a big potential of long-term effects, since, besides supporting the dyad in the NICU, it guides the mother to sing autonomously for her infant during the hospitalization and after discharge. Future studies are needed to expand the MUSIP and to investigate its short and long-term effects for the mother, the preterm infant and mother-infant interaction.


THE COMMISSION ON WORLD STANDARDS in Clinical Pathology of the World Association of Societies of Pathology (COWS of WASP) organizes symposia from time to time with a view to promote understanding of statements concerning the results of medical examinations. International symposia are organized every four years. The first international symposium on quantities and units took place in 1972 in Munich, Germany, the second in 1976 in Gaithersburg, Maryland, and the third in 1980 in Paris, France. This third symposium was sponsored by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, Coultronics, S.A., and Du Pont de Nemours, Ltd., The German Institute for Standardization and Documentation in Medical Laboratories (INSTAND), and by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). To this symposium were invited: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM); Commission on World Standards of the World Association of Societies of Pathology (COWS of WASP); International Committee for Standardization in Hematology (ICSH); International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC); International Standard Organization (ISO); International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS); International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC); United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO); World Health Organization (WHO); and World Medical Association (WMA). Personal invitations were given to selected scientists; those present included: Prof. Dr. A. Alissy, BIPM, Paris, France; Mrs. I. Batty, IUIS, London, United Kingdom; Dr. Ch.-G. de Boroviczeny, Moderator, COWS of WASP, INSTAND, Berlin, FDR; Prof. Dr.


E valuation of the patient with a pleural effusion is a common medical problem, and despite the use of standard pleural fluid measurements, the etiology remains undetermined in about 20 percent of cases. Since only histocytologic or bacteriologic studies provide a definitive diagnosis, the physician must analyze other pleural fluid characteristics in conjunction with the clinical setting to arrive at a presumptive etiology for the effusion. The traditional classification of pleural fluid into a transudate or an exudate remains helpful, as only a limited number of diagnostic possibilities exist for the transudate.2'3 In contrast, however, there are numerous causes of exudative pleural effusions.2'3 Recent attempts at improving the clinician's diagnostic capability have included measurement of pleural fluid gas tensions and pH. To date, the most practical application of the pleural fluid pH has been in distinguishing uncomplicated parapneumonic effusions (pH 7.30) which resolve with antibiotic therapy alone from complicated parapneumonic effusions (pH < 7.30) which usually require chest tube drainage.7'8 With the more routine measurement of the pH of pleural fluid, we have been aware of some confusion in the clinical interpretation of this test. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the meaning of low pleural fluid pH, to review the possible mechanisms respon-


FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: device contains the mobile element transformed into the folded position and into the unfolded position. The control system contains the electromechanical actuator for actuating of the named mobile element; the electric drive of the named electromechanical actuator; the control and monitoring unit for control of the electric drive for the purpose of transformation of the mobile element into the folded and/or unfolded position. The control system also contains the system for recovery of braking energy from the named electric drive when transforming the mobile element into the folded and/or unfolded position. EFFECT: optimisation of electric power control and distribution power in nacelle and decrease of withdrawal of electric power from the aircraft power supply network. 12 cl, 2 dwg


The make up, properties and applications of suspensions containing magnetic particles with a size of about 10 nm - usually called ferrofluids - will be discussed. The specific interest in these fluids bases on the fact that they show normal liquid behavior coupled with superparamagnetic properties. That means that it is possible to control the flow and the properties of ferrofluids by means of moderate magnetic fields in the order of about 50 mT. The magnetically controllable forces on ferrofluids open wide fields for basic research as well as for technical applications. Some of the applications of ferrofluids entered everyday live meanwhile and gained high commercial importance. Beside the discussion of the basic properties of these liquids, particular interest will be drawn to the change of their viscosity in the presence of magnetic fields. This effect usually called magnetoviscous effect is one of the most vivid fields of ferrofluid research at present.


Phenyalacetic acid,tryptone and dissolved oxygen were tested for the production of penicillin G acylase using bacillus megaterium by L9(34) orthogonal experimental design with phenyalacetic acid as inducer and carbon source,interated with dissolved oxygen in the culture.The results showed main factors were the interaction between the concentr-ation of phenyal acetic acid and dissolved oxygen(DO),the best media: tryptone 10 g/L,phenylacetic acid 20 g/L,MgCl2·6H2O 0.5 g/L,FeCl3·6H2O 0.002 g/L,30 mL/250 mL flask.


R21 is an indica rice restorer with broad restoring spectrum and high combining ability,bred by Sichuan Provincial Jialing Crop Varieties Research Center,Sichuan Zhongzheng Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.and Southwest Agricultural University,by the way of earstem injecting,implanting the DNA of sorghum into the receptor Jinhui No.1.Jiahui 825 is a more optimized restorer re-searched and developed by Sichuan Provincial Jialing Crop Varieties Research Center,through selecting the single plant from the ex-cellent plant of key restorer R21,by breeding group selection of single plant of mixed varieties,and it has better performances than R21.The hybrid groups by using the varieties of sterile lines Fu 4A,Fu 74 A,Ⅱ-23 A as the female parent combining with the restorer R21,using Gang 46 A,Zheng 67 S,Peiai 64 S as the female parent combining with Jiahui 825,are approved through series of experi-ment separately.The main varieties had been bred as follows:Fuyou No.1,Fuyou 21,Gangyou 825,Zhengliangyou 825(had been approved by the state for regional experiment),Liangyou 825(the experiment being carried out at state level in 2014).The varieties have been appropriately applied in the mass production.


SUBMISSION – DEADLINE 10 May 2013 Title (up to 30 words, Arial, 11 pt, single line spaced, in sentence case. Like this: The Variation Characteristics of the Thymus Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins during Long-term Incremental Exercise Authors (Underline the presenting author) Xinlei Zhang, Fei Qin , Yang RuanY Address Corresponding Author School of PE and Sport Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Select Your Astract Session Theme Category Session theme number – 7: Clinical prescriptions for exercise in athletes Preferred Presentation Form Oral communication Poster Note final decisions on format of presentation will be by the ISEI Scientific Committee Is the presenter eligible for the Early Career Researcher Awards (poster and oral awards)? Yes No Formatted: Font: Arial, 11 pt, Not Bold Deleted: The title must be exactly the same as the on-line submission to the International Journal of Exercise Science Deleted: M Gleeson Deleted: R Callister Deleted: & Deleted: DB Pyne¶ Must also be exactly as submitted online to IJES Deleted: School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Newcastle, and Australian Institute of Sport, Australia¶ Deleted: Full postal address and Email address¶ Deleted: Select one of the symposium session themes from the list in the table below: Advise number and theme here¶


In the process of constructing a harmonious socialist society in China,to build a harmonious relationship between doctors and patients has become the important problem.Building the harmonious doctor-patient relationship must be based on an objective analysis of the current problems in doctor-patient relationship.Hence,we must scientifically judge the impact factors of harmonious relationship between doctors and patients,analyze the cause of the health reform and development efforts,create a cultural atmosphere of harmonious and mutual trust between doctors and patients,and comply with the laws and regulations to deal with the doctor-patient relationship,and then the good results can be achieved.


Eye is the most interesting and most widely studied sensing organ in human body. The vision is always a magical phenomenon in the world done by the co-ordination of eye and brain. Artificial intelligent is making the life easier and more intelligent. Emulating the human vision intelligently is a challenging task for engineers. Finding the region of interest is related with the focused attention for human vision. Texture analysis and segmentation plays a vital role for perceiving the region of interest. There are several algorithms available for this. This project developed an efficient algorithm for finding the region of interest. As well as it finds the better texture analysis filter for perceiving the region of interest.


ion of the theory in its relation with multiple realizability. This criticism has already been used by the authors against behaviourist and physicalist identities (in a way which is close to Putnam's standard arguments): the problem relies once again on the restriction for multiple realizations of mental states to functionally isomorphic virtual machine. There is no obvious reason to establish a law-like relation between a single mental state and the whole program that becomes necessary in order to realize it, once the FSIT is accepted. The authors' conclusion is that every type of identity implies a systematic failure: firstly because it cannot give an account of temporal constancy of dispositional psychological states and secondly due to its rigidity in relation to the variety of realizations of the mental states. The sciences grounded on the study of the mind are characterised by a general complexity that avoids the strict one-to-one law imposed by identity theories, independently of the way they are grounded: behaviours (psychological states may have different manifestations), physical states (the problem of the across-species neural correlate) and, it is now necessary to add, virtual machine states (as hypothesised by the FSIT and rejected in the article just analysed). The assumption that any type of identity is to fail when it is used in relation to the study of psychological predicates commits to claim a special autonomy for those sciences which are connected to the study of the mind: these are indeed the so-called "special sciences". Just two years after the coming out of Block and Fodor's attack on type identities, Jerry Fodor extended Putnam's antireductionist position in "Special Sciences (or: the disunity of science as a working hypothesis)" (1974) bringing forth the "generalised" version of multiple realizability theory. For the purpose of this dissertation, it is interesting to analyse the way Fodor introduces his argument, before dealing with the main focus of the generalized theory and its consequences for reductionist approaches. First, Fodor draws the relation established between token physicalism, type physicalism and reductionism which are considered three autonomous approaches. According to Fodor:


The clinical symptoms of heart failure in
infants with congenital heart disease and left-to-right shunts are
still not completely understood. Since the late 1990s the
traditional hemodynamic conceptual model has been replaced by the
neurohormonal model of heart failure. This new model regards
neurohormonal activation as a significant factor in the
pathogenesis of heart failure. Many studies have confirmed the
validity of this neurohormonal model for adults with chronic heart
failure. However, for infants with congenital cardiac
malformations, only a few studies have been carried out, and even
fewer in the domain of pathophysiology. In this study, we therefore
aimed to verify the validity of the neurohormonal model of heart
failure for infants amongst our own patients. For that purpose we
analysed various clinical, hemodynamic and neurohormonal parameters
in 70 infants with left-to-right shunts retrospectively. Our major
finding is that tachypnea in the examined infants with
left-to-right shunts is associated more closely with neurohormonal
parameters than with traditional hemodynamic measures for the
severity of heart failure. The ratio of pulmonary to systemic flows
was the only pulmonary parameter showing a trend to higher values
in infants with tachypnea (p = 0,07). Of the systemic parameters, a
lower mean arterial pressure was the most significant predictor for
the occurence of tachypnea (p = 0,004). Infants with severe
tachypnea showed a substantial neurohormonal activation with high
hormon levels, together with higher heart rates (HF) (p < 0,001)
compared to infants without tachypnea (norepinephrine (NA): p <
0,001; plasma renin activity (PRA): p = 0,005; renin concentration:
p = 0,003; aldosteron: p = 0,01). Hormon levels and heart rates
correlated significantly with respiratory rates (NA: r = 0,47, p
< 0,001; PRA: r = 0,65, p < 0,001; renin concentration: r =
0,50, p = 0,002; aldosteron: r = 0,37, p = 0,007; HF: r = 0,62,
p< 0,001). We were not able to develop an appropriate multiple
regression model that would explain the symptom `failure to thrive`
with a r2-value of more than 0,37. Failure to thrive proved to be
more or less independent of classic hemodynamic markers of the
severity of chronic heart failure. A tendency towards higher values
of norepinephrine and renin concentration, however, was seen in
infants with lower gain in weight (p = 0,02 bzw. p = 0,07). Weight
gain showed significant inverse correlations with levels of
norepinephrine (r = -0,48, p < 0,001) and plasma renin activity
(r = -0,43, p = 0,03). We can conclude that neurohormonal
activation also plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of
heart failure in infants with left-to-right shunts, particularly in
the development of tachypnea and potentially also of failure to
thrive.


Abstract Eating disorders are believed to be a significant problem for many athletes. It has been suggested that aspects of the athletic environment not only increase the athlete's risk of developing such a disorder, but also make identification of at-risk athletes more difficult. The literature regarding "good athlete" characteristics and the literature with respect to personality characteristics associated with anorexia nervosa were briefly reviewed. Six traits were drawn from the anorexia literature and compared with six corresponding traits from the athlete literature and athletic environment. Comparisons revealed similarities between athlete and anorexic traits. Implications regarding identification and treatment are discussed.


To study the function of CP and MP genes of Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus(ACLSV),total RNA was extracted from Korla pear leaf,and cDNA was synthesized by reverse transcription reaction.Then degenerate primers were designed according to others sequences of ACLSV,and the target sequences(PCR-CLA and PCR-CLB) were amplified from cDNA by PCR.Both sequences were the most conserved regions in ACLSV genome.In this study,the expression vector pBi35SG12 of plants was regarded as a backbone vector.The forward and reverse repeat sequences of the target genes were inserted into both sides of intron of pBi35SG12.Two RNAi vectors were constructed successfully,pBi35S_CLA and pBi35S_CLB.The RNAi vectors were transformed into wild-type Nicotiana occidentalis by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.Transgenic plants with 27 lines of pBi35S_CLA and 24 lines of pBi35S_CLB were obtained,which was tested by PCR.This work lays a foundation for further evaluating the interference effect of each RNAi vector and researching into the main functions of ACLSV genes.


This study looked at understanding teacher planning and the types of resources a teacher draws on in his or her reflections. The methodology used was a descriptive case study analysis of two high school chemistry teachers. Data sources included think-alouds, interviews, classroom observations, and artifact collection. Two different complex, structured models of reflective planning were produced. Both teachers used a variety of external and internalized resources during their planning. Teacher use of resources was associated with indications of reflection. The types of resources that a teacher used influenced the type of reflection the teacher would make.


Abstract
Purpose
We outline the standards for "good" performance measures and propose the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) as a method for performance measurement on individual level.

Methodology/approach
Using the example of a German cooperative bank with a cohort of 40 employees, we apply a multi-stage DEA approach to measure employee performance and report on the results. Based on those results a DEA-based approach for a strategic performance appraisal process is introduced.

Findings
We illustrate that DEA provides clear feedback information on an individual level, which enables management to accurately identify fields of specific improvement.

Research implications
The proposed approach for a strategic performance appraisal process is yet of theoretical nature. Consequently, the practical implementation of this approach is a purpose of further research.


MAXI J1807+132 is an X-ray transient discovered during the decay of an outburst in 2017. We present optical and X-ray monitoring of the source over more than 125 days, from outburst to quiescence. The outburst decay is characterized by the presence of several re-flares with a quasi-periodic recurrence time of $\sim 6.5$ days. We detect broad H and He emission lines during outburst, characteristic of transient low mass X-ray binaries. These emission lines show strong variability from epoch to epoch and, in particular, during the early stages are found embedded into deep and very broad absorption features. The quiescent spectrum shows H$\alpha$ in emission and no obvious signatures of the donor star. XMM-Newton and Swift spectra can be fitted with standard X-ray models for accreting black-holes and neutron stars, although the obtained spectral parameters favour the latter scenario. Conversely, other observables such as the optical/X-ray flux ratio, the likely systemic velocity ($\gamma \sim -150$ km s$^{-1}$) and the re-flares recurrence time suggest a black hole nature. We discuss all the above possibilities with emphasis on the strong similarities of MAXI J1807+132 with short orbital period systems.


Without special precautions a sum-rule error occurs automatically when a chi-squared procedure is used to fit a fundon to binomial or Poisson distributed histogram data if the function has at least one linear parameter. Since the square of the variance per channel is equal to the mean population, errors are usually approximated using (G^yjX)};this choice for approximating the variance gives a per-channel error weighting of 1/yj that automatically results ina sum-rule error. This sum-rule error consistently and systematically underestimates the total sum of the data points by an amount equal to the value of %*, resulting in Zjyj-Zjfj J&where %i = £j (vi QVyi an^ f'if(Xj,{parameters}). In contrast, using {o'-f=(¦>()} gives the error weighting per channel of 1/fj that automatically results ina less well known sum rule error. This sum-rule error which is only half as large but opposite insign consistently and systematically overestimates the total sum of the data X? points by an amount equal to half the value of %?, that is, it results in Zjf= Ly ,where Xr= (vi 'i)"'/'iThe good news is a combination of error weightings may be constructed which completely eliminates the otherwise automatically cocuring sum-rule error by taking advantage of cancellations occuring between the two sum-rule errors implicit in the two above-mentioned approaches to error-weighting per channel. This fortunitous linear combination of sum-rule error swill combine and cancel ifthe fitting funtion is a sufficiently viable choice so that Xr Xy = v (number ofdegrees of freedom); 1 2 consequently a weighted linear combination of these two definitions may be used, X = 3 Xy +!%?• This choice for X" = is 1 1 2 equivalent to choosing an error weighting of "'_' = 3yj + :'>(; ,and it essentially eliminates summing errors so that Xjyi Zjf-. An alternate method is presented and proven for {jLt; = f-}in fitting a function using Maximum Likelihood.


SUMMARY An empirical Bayes method for smoothing two-way tables is presented. It is based on the use of the log linear model and a normal prior distribution. Estimation of the variance com- ponent in the prior is discussed, and two approximations are considered, one which utilizes the EM algorithm. This paper proposes estimates of contingency table cell probabilities based on combining the log linear model with normal prior distributions. Attention is mainly confined to the two-way table, with possible extensions discussed in the last section. The approach taken is empirical Bayes, but there are obvious parallels with variance component models for con- tingency tables, which are considered in the last section. Our approach draws from many sources. Good (1956) proposed a normal prior model quite similar to ours for the two-way table used in our example. Good's approach is to use a prior distribution on the probabilities of the multinomial to give smoothed cell probabilities. Expanding upon Good's method, Fienberg & Holland (1970, 1973) proposed empirical Bayes estimates for two-way tables with a Dirichlet prior for the cell probabilities. They compared various methods for estimating the parameters of the Dirichlet distribution. We contrast their estimates with ours in our example. Our multinomial-normal model is a minor variant of that introduced by Leonard (1975). Our approach differs chiefly in the handling of the parameters of the normal distribution. Because our models are so similar, we defer discussion of Leonard's work to the next section, where we introduce our sampling model and prior distribution, and discuss estimation of the cell probabilities assuming the parameters in the prior are known. Then we discuss estimation of the prior parameters, give an example, and finally consider advantages, disadvantages and extensions of our approach.


Abstract— Cross-country capability of multi-purpose vehicles is based on various characteristics, namely: the base and the profile cross-country ability, maneuverability, stability and controllability as well as traction and speed properties, such as engine power, maximum speed and average speed of movement. The main component, limiting the level of mobility of the multi-purpose vehicles, is their bearing cross-country capability that is primarily determined by design, stress, dimensional and stiffness parameters of a wheel mover, as well as, by tread pattern and tire design, physical and mechanical characteristics of support surface. It is obvious that improvement of operational performance is primarily possible due to development of the wheel mover. Indeed, all processes, occurring in aggregates and components of the vehicles, to implement their movement are completed and realized in tire contact with supporting surface. In this paper we investigate the problem of increasing the cross-country capability of multi-purpose vehicles and perspective way for its decision. Besides, we consider some results of mathematical modeling of a single-wheeled mover. In addition, we conduct an experiment of rolling of the single-wheeled mover on a deformable support surface as a function of load, the passage number and the air pressure in the tire.


The application of FEM software package ANSYS in electromagnet was introduced. Also a FEM model for one type of contactor with permanent magnet was established. On this base, the electromagnetic fieled was analyzed and the magnetic forces acting on the moving core was calculated. By comparing with the experiment results, it's indicated that the calculation results are accurate and can provide theoretical guide to the design and development of contactor with permanent magnet.


IN VIEW of the importance of philanthropy in our society, it is surprising that so little attention has been given to it by economic or social theorists. In economic theory, especially, the subject is almost completely ignored.' This article seeks to remedy a small part of that ignorance. The goal of the research reported here was to increase the understanding of why business corporations contribute to literary, scientific, religious, charitable, educational, and other humanitarian organizations.2 Two alternative forces assumed most frequently to explain corporate giving are the traditional profit motive and, more recently, the evolving assertion of social responsibility or duty.3 Sometimes these two different motives, profit and duty, lead to different predictions about the effect of firm size and industry structure on the extent of corporate contributions. We shall look for opportunities to make such predictions and then test them by reference to the data. In a full analysis of corporate giving, one would have to recognize many independent variables. The list would include such variables as time, place, industry structure, firm size, cost and revenue functions, nature of the contribution, state and federal legal codes, common law interpretations, nature of stockholders, and many others. This article looks only at the donors and ignores the differential effects of variation among recipients. Each of these variables is mentioned, but firm size and industry structure receive most attention. At most points throughout this paper, the variable we seek to explain is the contribution ratio, which is the ratio of the dollar value of charitable contributions to the dollar amount of profits of various groupings of firms. Contributions will be defined as the dollar value of donations deducted in corporate income tax returns, as reported to the Internal Revenue Service (I.R.S.). Profits will be defined as "compiled net profit," also as reported to the I.R.S. The next section of this paper describes the data in greater detail. Section III presents the predictions, the data, and the interpretations. A final section contains brief concluding remarks. * Assistant professor of accountancy and faculty research assistant, Research Center, School of Business and Public Administration, University of Missouri.


Using data from the public archive of the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE) all-sky survey, we have systematically searched for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission (58-174 A, 0.07-0.21 keV) around approximately 2500 distinct positions in the sky corresponding to known X-ray emitting extragalactic sources. We find that 20 X-ray galaxies are EUV bright and were detected with significance above 4 σ during the EUVE survey: 8 are reported here for the first time (MS 0037.7-0156, Mrk 142, M 65, EXO 1128.1+6908, M 87, Mrk 507, PKS 2005-489 and 1H 2351–315.A). 68 additional galaxies are detected with a lower significance (3 < σ < 4), but the list is affected by a high percentage of spurious sources.


Nigella sativa, Linn (Family-Ranunculaceae) is a widely used medicinal plant throughout India, Nepal and popular in various indigenous system of medicine like Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Tibb. The seeds are used as astringent, bitter stimulant, diuretic, emmenagogue and anthelmintic. They are also useful in Jaundice, intermittent fever, dyspepsia, paralysis, piles and skin diseases. N. sativa seed extracts were screened for qualitative detection of secondary metabolites and it showed that steroids, tannins flavonoids, coumarins, cardiac glycosides, saponins and diterpenes were present in methanolic extract of N. sativa. So, my research article, included phytochemical screening, gas-chromatographymass spectrometry determination of N. sativa seed extract need to be evaluated in scientific manner using specific experimental animal models and clinical trails are to be done to understand the molecular mechanism of action. Keyword: Nigella sativa, phytochemical analysis, black cumin, pharmacology,, ranunculaceae


Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV), currently ascribed to the Potyvirus genus of the family Potyviridae (3), induces a large array of symptoms in papaya and cucurbit cultivars, such as vein clearing, mottling, malformed leaves, filiformy, ringspots and streaks on fruits, stem and petioles and stunting (7). The virus occurs worldwide and is a major limiting factor for papaya production wherever it is grown (reviewed in (4)). PRSV significantly reduces yields of papaya and cucurbits in India (12) and prevalence of both papaya infecting (Type P) and non-papaya infecting (Type W) pathotypes have been recognised (8).


By constructing the supersymmetric system which Hamiltonian commutates with that of harmonic oscillator,the properties of harmonic oscillator can be obtained through the investigation of supersymmetric system.Based on the property of supersymmetric system,the recursion relation between the expanding parameter in the eigenfunction of harmonic oscillator is obtained without using the theory of Hermite polynomials,then the eigenfunction can be directly found from the recursion relation.The normalized eigenfunction obtained is actually the same as that represented through Hermite polynomials,and the parity of the eigenfunction can be evidently exhibited.


Background: The ratio of open surgery to endoscopic resection varies greatly among different countries like India. Despite its reputation as the gold standard, TURP remains out of reach for the great majority of rural residents due to a lack of experience and equipment. Persistent bleeding from the prostate bed is one of the most serious side effects after open prostatectomy. This study aims to establish a strategy for achieving full hemostasis in open prostatectomy by applying traction to the Foley's catheter, compressing the venous plexus and avulsed prostate arteries at the bladder neck with the inflated balloon, and so minimising blood loss.
Methods: Freyer's suprapubic trans-vesicle prostatectomy was used to treat 130 patients of BPH. The bladder mucosa is repositioned beneath the balloon, which is filled with 60 mL of normal saline, and traction is provided to the catheter and maintained for 24-48 hours by strapping the catheter to the patient's thigh.
Results: The average blood loss was 20.9 ml, demonstrating that Foley's balloon pressure traction approach at the bladder neck is effective in attaining hemostasis in open prostatectomy patients.
Conclusions: In almost all of the patients treated, the balloon pressure approach is an efficient way to achieve hemostasis and avoid blood transfusion.


An often-overlooked property of transition metal oxide thin films is their microscopic surface structure and its effect on the electronic properties in the ultrathin limit. Contrary to the expected conservation of the perovskite stacking order in the (001) direction, heteroepitaxially grown SrIrO3 films on TiO2-terminated SrTiO3 are found to exhibit a terminating SrO surface layer. The proposed mechanism for the self-organized conversion involves the adsorption of excess oxygen ions at the apical sites of the IrO2-terminated surface and the subsequent decomposition of the IrO6 octahedra into gaseous molecular IrO3 and the remaining SrO-terminated surface. Whereas the ab initio calculated electronic structure of SrO-terminated SrIrO3 in the monolayer limit exhibits a striking similarity to bulk Sr 2 IrO 4, the broken octahedral symmetry at the IrO2-terminated surface would mix the otherwise crystal field split eg and t 2 g states, resulting in distinctly different low-energy electronic states.


Plasma and tissue metabolite levels were measured in the air-breathing Channa maculata during acute and prolonged exposure to normoxic and hypoxic water. Exposure of the fish to hypoxic water (water oxygen partial pressure, PwO2= 50 mmHg) for 1 h caused increases in plasma glucose and lactate, liver and brain lactate, liver a-amino acid, heart and brain alanine and brain succinate levels. The metabolic changes in heart, brain and muscle could only be detected when PwO2 was 30 or 10 mmHg. Heart glycogen and liver lipid decreased during acute exposure. Prolonged exposure to hypoxic water (PwO2= 30 mmHg) for 3 days caused an increase in plasma glycerol and liver lactate dehydrogenase activity, and a depletion of glycogen store in all tissues investigated. However, metabolite levels which had been elevated during acute hypoxic exposure were observed to return to their normoxic values after prolonged exposure. It was concluded that anaerobic metabolism was triggered by acute exposure to hypoxic water. Prolonged exposure to hypoxic water induced a metabolic readjustment involving mobilisation of lipid and glycogen stores, which is probably a reflection of the high metabolic load of aerial respiration imposed on the fish during exposure to hypoxic water.


Abstract We investigate the predictive power of corporate social culture, as measured by corporate social responsibility (CSR) intensity, on shareholder wealth when mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are carried out by managers with different traits. We find acquiring firms with talented managers are more inclined to engage in CSR activities to shape corporate social culture, thereby realizing larger short- and long-term gains than their counterparts. We also document that acquiring firms with higher levels of CSR commitment led by talented managers tend to acquire targets of similar corporate social culture and experience significantly positive post-merger returns, suggesting that corporate cultural similarity constitutes an important source of M&A synergies. These findings suggest that corporate culture built through stakeholder relations acts as a differentiation strategy that pays off when skilled managers engage in M&As, which typically prompt information asymmetries between managers and outsiders.


Much of the recent environmental equity research has emphasized the overlapping social and spatial distributions of commercial hazardous waste facilities (TDSFs). Yet, national studies using census tract data challenge the appearance of inequities in the distribution of TDSFs. This research suggest that the appearance of inequities may arise not from siting biases, but rather from general patterns of residential segregation, industrial zoning and the social construction of neighborhoods. In this article we consider this evidence and the longitudinal characteristics of communities both before and after TSDFs were sited. We also expand our national analyses to include pilot studies of both the broader set of all RCRA governed facilities and an even larger set of all industrial manufacturing firms. Consistent with our earlier research, these analyses suggest that TSDF, RCRA and industrial manufacturing firms in general, are not disproportionately sited in census tracts with greater percentages of minority or disadvantaged communities. We suggest the appearance of inequity in larger geographic areas of analysis may reflect patterns of city development and segregation. Historically, minority, ethnic and disadvantaged residents have been more likely to live in older and less costly residential areas which often emerged from working class or tenement housing on themore » fringe of industrial manufacturing areas. Regulatory initiatives, such as land use zoning, have reinforced these historical distinctions. We conclude by suggesting that environmental equity must address these more general patterns of residential segregation and historical industrial development in addition to questions of discriminatory siting.« less


Due to the difference of path planning on the plane and real circumstances, the path planning on ellipsoid earth was adopted. The basic principle of shortest tangent method was analyzed. The path planning model of ellipsoid earth based on shortest tangent method was built. The steps and processes of model building are discussed. The results of simulation shows that the path planning method which is based on shortest tangent method on the ellipsoid earth can avoid the threat fleetly and availably.


The creation of sound zones has been an active research topic for approximately two decades. Many sound zone control methods have been proposed, and the best approaches result in a target to interferer ratio (TIR) of about 15 dB in a practical set-up. Unfortunately, this is far from a TIR of about 25 dB which is currently believed necessary to make sound zones commercially viable. However, state-of-the-art sound zone control methods take neither the input signal characteristics nor human auditory perception into account. In this paper, we show how a recently proposed sound zone control framework called VAST can be extended into perceptual VAST (P-VAST) which takes input signal characteristics and human auditory perception into account. We also make a proof-of-concept simulation and an AB preference test which both show that P-VAST outperforms traditional sound zone control methods in terms of perceptually meaningful metrics such as STOI and PESQ in a fairly simple set-up.


This article aims at understanding the nature of obstacles that prevent people from getting out the Social re-integration and accomodation centres (CHRS), through the specific analysis of Eure's situation. The article identifies various sort of obstacles, linked for example with peoples' own features and difficulties, or with more global dysfunctions in the housing netwok


The chelonian fauna of Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam remains poorly known and is currently threatened by widespread and intensive exploitation for food and traditional Chinese medicine. The distributions of many species are uncertain owing to a paucity of records. Because turtles are so extensively traded in the region, most records now come from animals in trade. We emphasize that authors must be explicit about how their records were obtained to allow other workers the ability to critically evaluate the accuracy of the distribution record. We here present detailed information on recent (1993-2002), vouchered records of 19 species of freshwater turtles, tortoises, and marine tur- tles collected in the field or obtained from hunters, abandoned hunting camps, villages, or markets in Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam.


This Note develops a new perturbation method for the analysis of circular plates and membranes with finite axisymmetric deflections. The perturbation parameter involves Poisson's ratio. Two equations of the resulting infinite system of linearized differential equations are identical with Berger's equations.


The response of a linear time invariant process on a stochastic input signal is characterized by the impulse response function or by the transfer function. Unknown past inputs and future outputs are sources of inaccuracy in relating a finite segment of an output signal via an estimated transfer function to the corresponding input segment. The end effects are usually characterized with error bounds on the Fourier transform of the output signal. This notes shows that the inaccuracy in an estimated transfer function can be quantified more precisely in terms of bias and variance. The accuracy of three transfer function estimators is compared. It is also shown that the variance due to additive noise depends on whether the input is a stochastic or a deterministic signal.<<ETX>>


Electronically controlled resistance welders now seam-weld these detachable gasoline tanks for the Lightning P-38 fighters in four minutes at the rate of 60 inches per minute. Since no additional metal is deposited in this process, welding rod ordinarily consumed m rod welding is saved. The process also permit, the substitution of steel for the aluminum formerly uaed. Two of the streamlined tanks are attached like pontoons to the airplanes and, when empty, may b e dropped off if the fighter needs to gain speed.


The task of a single stroke classification into two classes (text and non-text) is the subject of this work. We used an SVM classifier based on a descriptor created as an extension of the existing composite descriptor. It reflects an appearance and a local context of strokes. We achieved over- all accuracy 93.1% on a database of handwritten flowcharts. The state-of-the-arts methods have a quite poor performance on this database with the accuracy 86.3%. Moreover, we showed that our approach allows to learn classifiers favour- ing one class to obtain higher accuracy in classification of strokes in that class while the accuracy in the other class is decreased minimally. This is advantageous for filtering some portion of strokes in the input of specialized recognition en- gines.


In this project, we are developing a 3 Axis Robotic Arm. This work is carried out by ARM microcontroller, here ARM controller collect data from bluetooth module and gives the corresponding commands to the three different motors for their movements. The robot used in the project types with arm joint and can move in 3 axis directions and also can hold and swing motion thanks to the holder on it. The microcontroller is used to provide optimal control of the robot arm.


Significance In nature, plants and microbes process substantial amounts of aromatic carbon for lignin biosynthesis and breakdown, respectively. These natural processes have important implications in the pursuit of lignin valorization, which is crucial for a vibrant, global bioeconomy. In both plant and microbial systems, an open question remains regarding how lignin-related aromatic compounds are transported across compartmental membranes, either by active membrane transporters or via passive membrane crossing. In this study, we predict that passive transport processes in plants and bacteria for uncharged aromatic compounds are likely sufficient for lignin biosynthesis and catabolism, thus implying that membrane translocation rates are controlled by compound delivery and utilization rates and membrane concentration gradients. Lignin is an abundant aromatic polymer found in plant secondary cell walls. In recent years, lignin has attracted renewed interest as a feedstock for bio-based chemicals via catalytic and biological approaches and has emerged as a target for genetic engineering to improve lignocellulose digestibility by altering its composition. In lignin biosynthesis and microbial conversion, small phenolic lignin precursors or degradation products cross membrane bilayers through an unidentified translocation mechanism prior to incorporation into lignin polymers (synthesis) or catabolism (bioconversion), with both passive and transporter-assisted mechanisms postulated. To test the passive permeation potential of these phenolics, we performed molecular dynamics simulations for 69 monomeric and dimeric lignin-related phenolics with 3 model membranes to determine the membrane partitioning and permeability coefficients for each compound. The results support an accessible passive permeation mechanism for most compounds, including monolignols, dimeric phenolics, and the flavonoid, tricin. Computed lignin partition coefficients are consistent with concentration enrichment near lipid carbonyl groups, and permeability coefficients are sufficient to keep pace with cellular metabolism. Interactions between methoxy and hydroxy groups are found to reduce membrane partitioning and improve permeability. Only carboxylate-modified or glycosylated lignin phenolics are predicted to require transporters for membrane translocation. Overall, the results suggest that most lignin-related compounds can passively traverse plant and microbial membranes on timescales commensurate with required biological activities, with any potential transport regulation mechanism in lignin synthesis, catabolism, or bioconversion requiring compound functionalization.


The largest single operating loss in many hydrometallurgical plants is the poor recovery of leached product in the solids sent to tailings. Any reduction in the concentration of the valuable species in this stream will improve the project economics. Conventional design, to reduce the soluble loss, is to increase the number of wash stages or the wash/water ratio. This approach is limited in effectiveness as it can only reduce the soluble loss to that dictated by the concentration in the returning solution. For copper plants this concentration is set by the recovery in the solvent extraction (SX) plant. When using a single grade of SX feed a single grade of SX raffinate is produced generally with five to seven per cent of the copper still remaining in solution. An alternative approach has been developed by Cognis Corporation and implemented on a number of recent projects using engineering input from Miller Metallurgical Services. The SX plant feed is 'split' into two different streams: a high-grade stream containing up to 75 per cent of the copper and a low-grade stream with the remaining copper. This Split-Circuit™ concept has significant benefits in terms of both copper recovery and reduction in acid costs. The high-grade stream has the bulk of the copper removed and the raffinate sent directly back to the leach; to fully re-use the acid that has been generated during extraction in the SX process. The recycling of this higher concentrated acid stream considerably reduces the acid in the raffinate sent to washing steps. It represents a significant saving in acid consumed via the tails stream. The low-grade stream has a significantly lower SX feed grade and hence produces a lower raffinate acid and copper concentration. This lowers the economic species in the wash solution and hence reduces the soluble loss accordingly. Other operating improvements are realised with lower neutralisation costs (with the lower acid in the wash stream) and from a decreased need for in-circuit neutralisation to improve SX performance. The SX plant itself is also split into a high-grade extraction and a lowgrade extraction stream to enable the low-grade raffinate to be produced. A number of circuit alternatives have been utilised that have provided a range of benefits. The circuit concept has been included into both new and existing plant operation. As a result of this experience other methods of incorporating the concept into a circuit have been developed.


If proportionalist moral theology has more validity than the invisible "clothes" which the clever tailor had designed for the emperor, we have yet to learn about it.


Objective:To explore sustainable development measures of the new rural cooperative medical agencies,"the integration of County and Town " management model.Methods:Questionnaire and survey.Inquire the county agency managers and personnel;interview some insiders.Results:The model in Nangling is working with complete organizational structure,guaranteed funding,stable management team,efficient government decrees.It is good for work efficiency.Conclusion:The "integration of County and Town" management model can be further promoted.


Most people spend a considerable amount of their lives at work, which is a dynamic context that may conduce to a solid sense of purpose and satisfaction, or to a wide range of negative health outcomes resulting from stressful encounters that impair effective functioning of both employees and organizations. For instance, work-related stress is an increasing problem that is considered to be responsible of 50% to 80% of all psychosomatic and stress-related diseases, and of more than 60% of all job accidents (Cartwright & Cooper, 1996). In terms of absence and sickness, reduced productivity, and associated health and compensation costs, work-related stress costs the United States industry more than $300 billion per annum, and in the European Union the costs are estimated to be more than € 20 billion annually for Member States (see EASHW, 1999; NIOSH, 2002). Work-related stress also appears to be a growing problem in modern societies as many organizations increasingly find themselves operating in a changing internal and external working environment, which has the effect, among others, of increasing individual workloads and fears concerning job security or stability. Manufacturing industries are especially sensible to changes in working environments and need to learn to cope effectively in order to guarantee their own survival. To address these and other emerging workplace issues, the American Psychological Association (APA), the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), as well as other health-related organizations in Latin America (e.g., the PAHO), have pointed to the need of paying more attention to the consequences of the modern workplace on worker's health and well-being, by emphasizing also on the strategies that may conduce to (mal) adjustment. It is expected, for example, that the workforce of the future will be markedly older, more racially diverse, and will include larger numbers of women. In addition, the workforce is being redefined by new types of challenges and novel employment practices that may demand more effective coping skills at the level of individuals and organizations. Nevertheless, little research attention has been paid, in occupational Chapter 1. Introduction 2 settings, to understand the psychosocial dimensions and the coping mechanisms by which working people may function and stay well vs. those coping mechanisms leading to maladjustment and illness over the time. In addition, a closer look to the literature in the field of occupational stress lead us discover that attention has been given mainly to organizational arrangements, and less …


We study tachyon inflation within the large-N formalism, which takes a prescription for the small Hubble flow slow-roll parameter ϵ1 as a function of the large number of e-folds N. This leads to a classification of models through their behaviour at large N. In addition to the perturbative N class, we introduce the polynomial and exponential classes for the ϵ1 parameter. With this formalism we reconstruct a large number of potentials used previously in the literature for tachyon inflation. We also obtain new families of potentials from the polynomial class. We characterize the realizations of tachyon inflation by computing the usual cosmological observables up to second order in the Hubble flow slow-roll parameters. This allows us to look at observable differences between tachyon and canonical single field inflation. The analysis of observables in light of the Planck 2015 data shows the viability of some of these models, mostly for certain realization of the polynomial and exponential classes.


There is a growing interest in adaptive facade technologies to counter overheating problems and well‐being concerns in smart and high‐performance buildings. However, traditional literature review studies do not necessarily provide deep insights into the future trends of adaptive facade technologies. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a novel conceptual framework and technological classification for adaptive facades in the future. Our research methodology includes a literature review expert interviews and content analysis. In‐depth interviews with 27 international adaptive facade experts were conducted with a focus on the European context. The results categorize the adaptive facade technologies under four promising families and present a conceptual framework that identifies human‐centered design, smart building operating systems, service‐driven solutions, circularity, and materials as the main drivers of the facade technological advancements. Overall, this methodology yields new and rich qualitative knowledge related to adaptive facades; however, it has certain limitations, such as being time‐consuming. The research provides insights on future delivery processes and the future structural trends of adaptive facades. The new categorization and framework articulate the multifunctionality and performance requirements of facade technologies including smartness, automation, comfort, and well‐being.


In Modern Standard Burmese (Myanmar) are observed two distinct types of voicing sandhi: (1) in the environment C1aC2, and if both Cl and C2 are any one of /p t t c k s/, both C1 and C2 become voiced, and (2) in the environment where C occurs after nonstop rhymes except atonic ones within a word or phrase with a postposition or postpositions, C becomes voiced if it has the voiced counterpart, hence C = /p ph t t th c ch k kh; s sh/. However, a fair number of varied exceptions are found for the first rule. The aim of the present paper is to explain the development of these two sandhi rules and the exceptions by assuming four stages for the devlopment of three phonological rules, either obligarory or optional, or the orders of their application on the evidence from the regional dialects of Burmese.


A procedure to simplify the generation of basis vectors for shape optimization of complex structures is presented. The approach involves the creation of geometric regions (termed domain elements). Control perturbations are applied to corner and/or midside nodes of the domain. These control perturbations are used together with the domain geometry to automatically generate perturbations for all of the nodes in the region using standard linear and/or quadratic isoparametric interpolation functions. Multiple types of domain elements are presented to facilitate the creation of basis vectors of a wide range of structures.


From its dissonant musics to its surrealist spectacles (the urinal is a violin!), Modernist art often seems to give more frustration than pleasure to its audience. In this text Daniel Albright shows that this perception arises partly because we usually consider each art form in isolation, even though many of the most important artistic experiments of the Modernists were collaborations involving several media - Igor Stravinsky's "The Rite of Spring" is a ballet, Gertrude Stein's "Four Saints in Three Acts" is an opera, and Pablo Picasso turned his cubist paintings into costumes for "Parade." Focusing on collaborations with a musical component, Albright views these works as either figures of dissonance that try to retain the distinctness of their various media (e.g. Guillaume Apollinaire's "Les Mamelles de Tiresias") or figures of consonance that try to lose themselves in some total effect (such as Arnold Schoenberg's "Erwartung"). In so doing he offers a fresh picture of Modernism, and provides a model for the analysis of all artistic collaborations.


Spectral filtering of an all-normal-dispersion Yb-doped fiber laser was demonstrated effective for broadband supercontinuum generation in the picosecond time region. The picosecond pump pulses were tailored in spectrum with 1 nm band-pass filter installed between two single-mode fiber amplifiers. By tuning the spectral filter around 1028 nm, four-wave mixing was initiated in a photonic crystal fiber spliced with single-mode fiber, as manifested by the simultaneous generation of Stokes wave at 1076 nm and anti-Stokes wave at 984 nm. Four-wave mixing took place in cascade with the influence of stimulated Raman scattering and eventually extended the output spectrum more than 900 nm of 10 dB bandwidth. This technique allows smooth octave supercontinuum generation by using simple single-mode fiber amplifiers rather than complicated multistage large-mode-area fiber amplifiers.


The aim of this study is to determine participants' attitudes toward international tourism fairs by using statistical methods. A survey was used as the data collection method. 467 participants who participated in international tourism exhibitions held in Kiev / Ukraine, Minsk / Belarus, Tbilisi / Georgia, and Seoul / South Korea in 2017 were given a questionnaire related to the research subject. The statistical data were analyzed by means of the SPSS package program. The variables were described in terms of frequency, percentage, arithmetic mean and standard deviation statistics, and t test and variance analysis were performed. According to the results of the participant attitude analysis, participating in tourism fairs makes both organizationally and individually positive contribution to tourism businesses.


The micromechanical analysis plays a very important role in the composite materials. These studies explore average mechanical properties of composites materials with good accuracy. The properties of any composite material depends on the constituents, loading, geometry, inter phase region and environmental conditions. The proposed work focus on the evaluation of properties of the fiber reinforced composite material with different volume fraction under different loading conditions. The 3D finite element model with governing boundary conditions has been developed from the unit cell of square pattern of the composite to evaluate engineering constants like, longitudinal modulus (E1), transverse modulus (E2), major poissons ratio (12) and minor Poisson's ratio (21) of the fiber reinforced composites for different fiber volume fractions considering uniform and random distribution of reinforcement. The predictions of the present work are validated with analytical expressions. The present work will be useful to predict the engineering constants of uniform and random distribution of fiber in FRP composites subjected to longitudinal and transverse loading.


Objective: To compare the traditional Milligan Morgan haemorrhoidectomy with haemorrhoidectomy using LigaSure in terms of postoperative complications, patient satisfaction and hospital stay.
Methodology: This is a randomized controlled trial carried out at the Department of Surgery Liaquat university hospital Jamshoro from July 2017 to June 2019. A total of 88 patients were admitted with the diagnoses of 3rd and 4th degree haemorrhoid were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups by lottery method. Group A underwent Milligan Morgan Haemorrhoidectomy and group B underwent Haemorrhoidectomy by Ligasure after the informed consent. Outcomes of both procedures were also compared by complications, patient satisfaction and hospital stay.
Results: Out of 88 patients 35 were male (39.78%) and 53 were female (60.22%). The most common group of age involved was between 35–55 years. Third degree Haemorrhoids were present in 40 (45.45%) of patients while the remaining 48 (54.55%) had fourth degree Haemorrhoids. Group A included 44(50%) cases while Group B included 44 (50%) cases. The mean operating time of Group A was 50.5 (minutes) with a standard deviation of 11.5 while it was 35.5 ± 9.4 in B group. The mean blood loss in group A was 65.30 ml with a standard deviation of 14.58 while it was 45.45 ml ± 20.49 in group B.
Conclusion: The Haemorrhoidectomy done by Ligasure is comparatively better than the Milligan Morgan Heamorrhoidectomy, in terms of operative time, less bleeding, less pain, less hospital stays and early return to work.


Spiral Notch Torsion Fracture Toughness Test (SNTT) was developed recently to measure the intrinsic fracture toughness (KIC) of structural materials. The SNTT system operates by applying pure torsion to uniform cylindrical specimens with a notch line that spirals around the specimen at a 45° pitch. The KIC values are obtained with the aid of a three-dimensional finite-element computer code, TOR3D-KIC. The SNTT method is uniquely suitable for testing a wide variety of materials used extensively in pressure vessel and piping structural components and weldments, including others such as ceramics, their composites, graphite, concrete, and polymeric composites. The SNTT test results for some of these structural materials are demonstrated in this paper.Copyright © 2012 by ASME


ABSTRA CT: Nitroglycerine is a drug of choice in the treatment of angina pectoris. Nitroglycerine has low dose, short time of plasma half life and liver metabolizing. This study used the formulation of microemulsion. The advantages of microemulsion transparent form, stable and has better skin penetration due to the smaller size of its droplet. This study aims at determining concentration of Tween 80 as surfactant as penetration in the nitroglycerine microemulsion. Tween 80 concentrations used were 40% (F1), 42,5% (F2) and 45% (F3). Penetration ability was tested by invitro using Franz diffusion cells. The results showed that 42,5% of the concentration of Tween 80 produces good penetration. F2 shows the measurement result of droplet size is 69,0 nm and diffusion test on the minutes of 180 for 86,00% ± 3,65. It can be concluded that the concentration of Tween 80 as surfactant of 42,5% gives microemulsion nitroglycerine with good penetration.


A fundamental requirement for sustainable improvements in rural infrastructure is a clear understanding of who will own assets and finance maintenance, and from where the capacity will be mobilized to effectively assume management responsibilities. In the past, attention has been primarily focused on the role of governments in the management and financing of rural roads. Given the acute scarcity of financial and human resources in sub-Saharan Africa, there are simply too many kilometers of roads and paths in rural areas for any level of government to assume effective responsibility for anything but a part of this network. Bringing more of this network under regular maintenance requires innovative ways of combining the financial and technical resources of the public and private sectors. This paper asserts that a sustainable institutional and financial framework for rural road maintenance has to be built around at least two distinct categories of owners-local governments on one hand and communities (including non-government entities such as farmers' groups and other private interests) on the other. Each owner category requires a set of coherent institutional and financial arrangements relying on collaboration between government, communities and the private sector.


Although autogenous arteriovenous fistula creation is the gold-standard dialysis access, catheters represent between 40% and 60% of dialysis access in the United States. Catheters are placed for a variety of reasons, commonly as temporary access for acute renal failure or as a bridge to a more permanent access in patients with end-stage renal disease. Fibrin sheaths represent a heterogeneous matrix of cells and debris that form around catheters and are a known common cause of catheter failure and central venous stenosis. Their formation is ubiquitous in the dialysis population, occurring with 80–100% of catheters within 1 week of implantation. This chapter presents several techniques for the management of the fibrin sheath—the traditional catheter stripping technique, the internal catheter stripping technique, and the fibrin sheath angioplasty technique.


This article is an exploration of various Southeast Asian stories with a focus on Central and East Java and Sunda (West Java). Although on the face of it these tales concern things as different as the origin of rice agriculture and the rise of princely lines and kingdoms, the paper highlights common though not-emphasized elements in them, especially the forest, raising the question why these elements are so persistently there-but-not-emphasized, and what their significance is. By looking at especially the actions of the protagonists of the stories, an understanding of these 'silent' factors becomes clear. This speaks of the people's position vis-a-vis the forest and the supernatural world, a deep understanding of which the people themselves may not always be fully aware and which cannot therefore always be depicted explicitly. These silences also leave room for a considerable degree of flexibility in the tales, allowing them to be adapted to changed circumstances, including changes in religious conviction and in scientific knowledge of the world.


The stable title hemiacetal, C15H14O3, has been prepared. One attractive feature in the structure is the gauche conformation determined by stereoelectronic factors. A hydrogen bond is formed between two neighbouring molecules, in which the hydroxyl group acts as both donor and acceptor.


A summary follows of our experiences and techniques used in the analysis of samples from Apollo Missions 11 to 17. The studies were conducted at the Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, the University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 1969 - 1974. Our search was directed to water-extractable compounds with emphasis on amino acids. Gas chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography and gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry were used for the analysis. It is our conclusion that amino acids are not present in the lunar regolith above the background levels of our investigation (ca. 1 - 3 ng/g). The scientific debate has become heated that primitive life existed on Mars 3.6 billion years ago as reported by the NASA-Stanford team led to David McKay. Mars is destined to receive humans early in the 21st Century, preceded by many international missions to Space Station Freedom and robotic missions to the Moon and Mars. First, we must `learn to live in space'. The Moon presents a base that provides the opportunities and challenges to assemble the international interdisciplinary intellectual scientific teams and partners with many disciplines to make the next step before human exploration of Mars and the search for evidence in Martian soil and samples returned to Earth laboratories. Our experiences learned in Moon analysis will be useful in Mars exploration and returned sample study. Sensitivity at the nanogram/gram level and selectivity of analysis are highly essential. As these figures show contamination of samples is a most serious problem. However with the use of ultraclean techniques in a 100 clean room contamination can be avoided. Our speck of dust, a tiny fragment of cigarette smoke, a particle of dandruff, a droplet of saliva, all can make your results questionable. In addition, the extraction of life molecules as amino acids from the Lunar samples was a difficult process and I am sure the same difficulties exist with handling and removing the very low levels of amino acids from Mars meteorites and returned samples.


Indeed metabolic disorder have become one of the principal concern in the management of HIV patients: presence of metabolic syndrome, which promotes NAFLD, increased in HIV-infected patients from 19.4% in 2000–2001 to 41.6% in 2006–2007 [5,6]. Few data studied the prevalence of NAFLD among HIV monoinfected patients, which is reported higher than in general population and varies between 31%-37% [7].