Background: The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of perineal massage, vaginal dilator and pelvic floor muscles training on the perineal integrity of primiparae women . Methods: Primigravidae women over 18 years old will be selected, from the 32th gestational week and wishing to have a vaginal delivery . Pregnant women will be randomly allocated from a sequence generated by a computer program into three groups: perineal massage, vaginal dilator and pelvic floor muscles training. The technique should be practiced from the 34th week of pregnancy until the beginning of labor. Randomization will be done by a researcher who was not involved with the recruitment, assessment and treatment of the participants.  All participants will undergo a clinical and functional assessment of the pelvic floor before the beginning of the technique practice, as well as a reassessment of these items and an assessment of perineal integrity between 45 and 60 days after delivery for a blind physiotherapist regarding the interventional procedures. The evaluative procedures will be done by a 'blinded' physiotherapist in relation to the intervention procedures. The outcome will be determined by the perineal integrity by the presence or absence of perineal laceration as well as their characteristics observed immediately after delivery . Conclusions: The knowledge of the effects of antenatal pelvic floor preparation techniques on the perineal integrity and pelvic floor muscles function after delivery, will allow a better choice about which approach is the best to pregnant women to prevent perineal trauma.


Several rigorous turbulent models have been developed in the past years and it can be seen that more research is needed to reach a better understanding of their generality and precision by verifying their applications for distinct hydraulic phenomena; under certain assumptions. This survey evaluates the performance of Standard k-ε, Realizable k-ε, RNG k-ε, k-ω and RSM models in predicting flow behavior in a strongly curved open channel bend. Accordingly, three-dimensional numerical simulations were carried out using a state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics code, ANSYS-Fluent14, which employs finite volume method to solve the respective governing equations. The models' accuracy were analyzed and compared with observed data from experimental studies on a 90° open channel bend. The results indicate that although the RSM model can precisely capture all the flow characteristics in a strongly curved open channel flow, the Standard k-ε model may be considered as slightly less accurate yet much faster model.


Figure 2: Statistical group differences identified by the NODDI parameters, that were not captured by the FA analysis. Displayed are mean FA maps, mean FA skeleton (green) and the unique-to-FA ODI (blue) and NDI (red) changes. Assessing microstructural substrates of white matter abnormalities using NODDI application to a metabolic disease Inge Timmers, Alard Roebroeck, Matteo Bastiani, Bernadette Jansma, Estela Rubio-Gozalbo, and Hui Zhang Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Juelich, Germany, Department of Computer Science & Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, United Kingdom


In exploration missions of asteroids, we have to recognize visual signatures (landmarks) on an asteroid's surface to estimate the geometric shape of the asteroid and the relative position of the spacecraft. This recognition process was conducted manually in the mission of MUSES-C (Hayabusa), and it required a tremendous amount of time and efforts. The purpose of our work is to develop an automatic landmark recognition system. We used scale invariant feature transform, random sampling consensus, graph model of keypoint-match and relative position of keypoint-pair on rigid body. The system succeeded in recognizing landmarks on the asteroid's surface automatically within experimental images, while there was a little erroneous recognition. The error rate of recognition was about 2%. The landmarks detected with this system can be used to reconstruct the solid shape of the asteroid through techniques called structure from motion or simultaneous localization and mapping. Moreover, since some of the landmarks were easy for human operators to recognize, this system might be linked to the previous manual system.


Interpretation of satellite images is a complex issue. Remote sensing experts and the maticians interpret and use information contained in satellite images depending on their knowledge and expertise in a given application domain. This knowledge is usually ambiguous and consequently cannot be used in an automatic process. Formalizing expert knowledge thus appears as a prerequisite toward an automatic semantic interpretation of remote sensing images. In computer sciences, ontologies have proven to be efficient for formally expressing remote sensing expert knowledge. This paper aims to demonstrate how expert knowledge explanation via ontologies can improve automation of satellite image exploitation. We argue that ontologies can be used to link this knowledge with the content of remote sensing images by conceptually describing them. For this purpose, we first built an image ontology for describing image segments based on spectral, pseudo-spectral and textural features. Then we used those concepts to build a remote sensing knowledge ontology describing the way experts identify land cover classes in satellite images. Third, image ontology is also used to describe image facts which populate image ontology. We finally tested a concrete application of our approach using an automatic reasoner for classifying remote sensing images.


In unani system of medicine acute hepatitis is known as Warm Kabid Haad. Almost all unani physicians described about hepatitis; its etiology, sign and symptoms, prevention and treatment in their classical texts. In conventional system v iral infections of the liver are classified as hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses. Hepatitis A is a milder version of the disease, whereas hepatitis D is more severe. Hepatitis is of two types i.e. acute and chronic . Some forms of hepatitis are preventable. Symptoms may not occur until liver damage occurs. Prognosis and treatment of viral hepatitis varies and depends upon causative virus. Use of herbal drugs in the treatment of liver diseases has a long tradition, especially in unani system of medicine. This system is replete with references both on single and compound formulations in the management of jaundice. Various extracts of these drugs were further proved to be anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and hepato-protective in vitro as well as in vivo studies like Bhui Amla (Phyllanthus fraternus linn), Tuqme kasni (Cichorium intybus Linn), Revand chini (Rheum emodi Wall), Sumbul tib (Nardostachys jatamansi DC), Maku (Solanum nigrum Linn) etc. This review paper gives information on Unani Herbal Medicine in treating various liver disorders especially hepatitis and hepatomegaly. Keywords: Warm Kabid Haad, acute viral hepatitis, unani herbal medicine, preclinical and clinical studies and management Cite this Article Mohammed Nasir, Yasmin K, Role of Unani Herbal Medicine in the Management of Acute Hepatitis ( Warm Kabid Haad ). Research and Reviews: Journal of Herbal Science (RRJoHS) . 2015; 4(2): 9–15p.


Abstract This cross-sectional study reports the frequency data of twelve caphalometric measurements and eight indices pertaining to various part of head and face among Dangis and Ahirwars of Khurai Block of M.P. Sample size comprises of 377 individuals including 200 Dangis and 177 Ahirwars. Sexual difference in the same caste group has been studied. Among both castes groups individual becomes more and more sexually dimorphic with increasing age.


Review(s) of: Fine Description: Ethnographic and Linguistic Essays, by Harold C. Conklin Joel Kuipers and Ray McDermott, eds. New Haven, CT: Monograph 56, Yyale Southeast Asia Studies, 2007. 511 pages.


Patients with unilateral perceptive hearing loss have been examined to determine whether masking of the good ear influences the difference limen of intensity. The measurements were carried out with the aid of the SISI procedure using increments of different magnitudes, until the psychometric function was determined both without and with masking (80 dB SPL). The level of the test tone was maintained constant (20 dB above the threshold determined without masking). At 1000 and 4000 cps, the contralateral noise resulted in a significant improvement in the intensity discrimination, while no change occurred at 250 cps. With a few exceptions, the masking had no significance for the result of the topognostic SISI test using 1 dB increments.


(57) Abstract: made from polyamide composition consisting essentially of units derived from aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and aliphatic diamine, and, from 1 to about 40 wt% of the chain units, one or more from cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids and an aliphatic diamine or one or more cycloaliphatic diamines and car parts made from derived polyamide composition from an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid.


A variety of methods and arrangements for detecting disturbances of the instructed air intake into an internal combustion engine will be described. In some embodiments, the intake manifold pressure is monitored. A Luftansaugereignis generates a fluctuation is recorded intake manifold pressure. The signal is processed by a diagnostic filter to assist in determining whether the actual intake matches the commanded intake. In other embodiments, the measured crankshaft acceleration is compared with the estimated crankshaft acceleration. When the two quantities differ by a threshold amount, a suction error is detected. The two detection methods may also be combined. The approaches described are particularly well suited for use in engines that are operated in a Zundaussetzbetrieb with cylinder deactivation and / or a dynamic Zundniveaumodulationsmodus.


Magmatic mineral distribution patterns in a syntectonic syenite pluton have been recorded at high resolution over several square metres on quarried faces. The anisotropy and inhomogeneity of K-feldspar and mafic mineral distribution patterns have been quantified using two methods originally based on fractal geometry. (1) Map-counting, based on box-counting, illustrates an inhomogeneity on the decimetre to metre scale and highlights diffuse structures that can be related to mafic schlieren or felsic dykes that are not visible on the rock surface. (2) We have developed a mapping of rock fabric anisotropy (MORFA) method that leads to the detection of further magmatic structures that are not visible in the field. With MORFA a magmatic lineation and its variation over large areas is determined, as well as fabrics on the decimetre to 1 m scales, which possibly represent flow or fracture structures in the crystallising magma. 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


Introduction: Severe immune compromise is a strong risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and serum B-cell activation and inflammation markers predicted AIDS-NHL risk in HIV+ persons. We performed a nested case-control analysis in the prospective Nurses9 Health Study (NHS) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) cohorts to characterize pre-diagnosis plasma immune marker profiles associated with risk of HIV-unrelated NHL and major histologic subtypes. Methods: The NHS formed in 1976 with 121,701 female US registered nurses. The HPFS enrolled 51,529 male health professionals in 1986. Both cohorts are followed via biennial questionnaires and confirm cancer diagnoses by medical record review and National Death Index follow-up. Among participants who contributed peripheral blood samples in 1989-90 (NHS) or 1993-4 (HPFS), we confirmed incident primary NHL diagnoses in 345 women and 255 men with no other cancer history. We matched one control per case on cohort (gender), age, race and time of blood draw among persons with no cancer history as of the index date. We determined plasma concentrations of 13 cytokines, soluble receptors and immune activation markers using multiplexed Luminex assays (R & D Systems). In preliminary cohort-specific analyses we calculated matching factor-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using logistic regression to estimate the relative risk of NHL per standard deviation (SD) increase in assay batch-adjusted natural log-transformed biomarker concentration. We examined associations for NHL overall and for more common World Health Organization-defined histologic subtypes, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL; 78 female/70 male cases), follicular lymphoma (FL; 61/24), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; 69/37) and T-cell NHL (all histologic types, 18/10). Results: The mean (range) years from blood draw to NHL diagnosis was 11 (0.2-22) in women and 7 (0.1-17) in men. In both cohorts, pre-diagnosis levels of the immune activation markers soluble interleukin-2 receptor-α (sIL-2Rα) and sCD30, the B cell chemokine CXCL13, and the inflammatory marker soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-2 (sTNF-R2) were significantly positively associated with risk of NHL overall (Table 1). In subtype analyses, risk of CLL was significantly increased in association with increased levels of sIL-2Rα (OR [95% CI] per SD, women: 1.57 [1.26, 1.96], p Discussion: These findings support an etiologic role for immune activation and inflammation in HIV-unrelated NHL. Apparent gender differences in associations may be due to chance (sparse data); statistical heterogeneity by gender will be evaluated and, if appropriate, data will be pooled to improve stability of estimates. Further evaluation by follow-up interval may lend additional insights on the immune milieu that promotes lymphomagenesis and on potential markers of longer- or shorter-term NHL risk. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Providing more human-like concept learning in machines has always been one of the most significant goals of machine learning paradigms and of human-machine interaction techniques. This article attempts to provide a logical specification of conceptual mappings from humans' minds into machines' knowledge bases. We will focus on the representation of the mappings (transformations) relying on First-Order Predicate Logic. Additionally, the structure of concepts in the common ground between humans and machines will be analysed. It seems quite necessary to pay attention to the philosophy of constructivism and constructivist models of knowing. This research constructs a conceptual ground for expressing and analysing concepts in the common ground between humanistic and informatics sciences and in the context of human-machine interplays.


The x-ray diffuse scattering pattern from a commercial bulk n-type Hg 0.80 Cd 0.20 Te single crystal was measured in absolute units. Anomalous dispersion techniques near the Hg L III edge were used to determine theintensity due to Hg interactions. Diffuse x-ray superlattice reflections are reported that are forbidden by the zinc-blende structure. The systematic absences in these peaks eliminate the possibility that they are the result of a Cu 3 Au ordering scheme.


The present invention relates to a method for receiving an ingredient cartridge (2) and said extracting means by said feed ingredient package by passing heated liquid (1), comprising: a cartridge seat (10), having a packet receiving material and / or removable from the package feed means open configuration for extracting the ingredient closed configuration; and a force generating means (46) for closing the auxiliary packet of the base material or the opening movement. Buffer means may be associated with means (47, 48) for generating the assist force of the feed means to close or open the package base of the cartridge seat cushion when the motion of opening or closing force generating motion. The device may have a handle (41) is movable by a user, the handle and the stroke end feedback means (50) for providing a respective associated feedback to the user actuating the handle.


In this paper the effect of three cutting parameters viz. Spindle speed, Feed and Depth of Cut on surface roughness of AISI 1020 mild steel bar in turning was investigated and optimized to obtain minimum surface roughness. All the experiments are conducted on HMT LB25 lathe machine using M2 HSS cutting tool. Ranges of parameters of interest have been decided through some preliminary experimentation (One Factor At a Time experiments). Finally a combined experiment has been carried out using Taguchi's L27 Orthogonal Array (OA) to study the main effect and interaction effect of the all three parameters. The experimental results were analyzed with raw data ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and S/N data (Signal to Noise ratio) ANOVA. Results show that Spindle speed, Feed and Depth of Cut have significant effects on both mean and variation of surface roughness in turning AISI 1020 mild steel. Mild two factors interactions are observed among the aforesaid factors with significant effects only on the mean of the output variable. From the Taguchi parameter optimization the optimum factor combination is found to be 630 rpm spindle speed, 0.05 mm/rev feed and 1.25 mm depth of cut with estimated surface roughness 2.358 ± 0.970 µm. A confirmatory experiment was conducted with the optimum factor combination to verify the results. In the confirmatory experiment the average value of surface roughness is found to be 2.408 µm which is well within the range (0.418 µm to 4.299 µm) predicted for confirmatory experiment.


With the rapid development of computer and network technology, the application of mobile app has been involved in all walks of life, especially the traditional art teaching mode. Therefore, it is o...


A novel, broadband (15 GHz) and high gain (6 dBi) antenna incorporated in package for the 60 GHz band is presented. This solution avoids separated process for antenna and the package. By the use of laser micromachining possibilities, the antenna-package element has been fabricated with alumina. The antenna is based on a dielectric resonator (DR) that is excited by a coplanar-line fed slot. A size of 36mm2 (6×6mm2) is achieved for the package including the antenna and the transmitter power amplifier chip. Interconnection chip-antenna is taken into consideration by use of solder balls from the flip-chip process.


Respiratory disorders in the immediate postnatal period correspond to a clinical syndrome which represents diverse anatomical disorders of the lung, the majority of which may only be differentiated and classified through a very close histological examination. It is not possible to establish a strict correlation between the clinical symptoms and the pulmonary anatomical findings. Our work is mainly orientated on the incidence of severe forms of respiratory distress, classified according to the Silverman-Andersen retraction score. Relationship with findings in a large series of post-mortem examinations have been obtained in order to establish the frequency of pulmonary involvement according to age and weight.


Nitric oxide (NO) and its metabolites are implicated in carcinogenesis and metastasis. Both stimulatory and inhibitory effects of NO have been reported in relation to breast cancer and its role in the development of malignancies and metastasis remains uncertain. We have used the polyomavirus middle T antigen (PyV‐mT) targeted to the mouse mammary gland and bred into an inducible NO synthase (iNOS)‐deficient C57Bl/6 strain to examine a role for nitric oxide in modulating tumors that develop in the complex environment of the whole animal. The development of hyperplasias was delayed to the extent that the earliest palpable tumors arose 2–4 weeks later in PyV‐mT/iNOS−/− mice compared with PyV‐mT/iNOS+/+ mice, identifying a role for iNOS in early events in mammary tumor formation. Tumors that did develop in PyV‐mT/iNOS−/− mice were characteristically well differentiated and had a cribriform pattern. Other tumors were myoepithelial adenocarcinomas with uniform nuclear size. In contrast, mice capable of iNOS activity typically developed solid nodular adenocarcinomas with a high mitotic index and pleomorphic nuclei. No significant effect of iNOS deficiency was found on vascular density in hyperplasias or tumors by examining CD31‐positive vessels. The infiltration of lesions by macrophages, cells capable of significant NO production, remained unchanged in PyV‐mT/iNOS−/− mice. Metastatic potential was retained by PyV‐mT‐transformed epithelium in the absence of iNOS, indicating that NO production by iNOS is not essential for this process. These results indicate a role for iNOS in tumorigenesis, particularly in the regulation of early events. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Significance Circadian rhythms enable organisms to adapt to the 24-h day/night cycle. The importance of these rhythms is evident from their prevalence across the kingdoms of life and their dysregulation in many diseases. The core clock of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus serves as a paradigm for molecular studies of circadian rhythms because its oscillations can be reconstituted in vitro. There is evidence that the action of KaiC, the central component of the oscillator, depends critically on whether its active sites bind ADP or ATP, metabolites that function as the energy currency in cells. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to develop an atomic-resolution picture of ADP release and, in turn, hypotheses for the regulation of ADP/ATP exchange. The cyanobacterial clock proteins KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC form a powerful system to study the biophysical basis of circadian rhythms, because an in vitro mixture of the three proteins is sufficient to generate a robust ∼24-h rhythm in the phosphorylation of KaiC. The nucleotide-bound states of KaiC critically affect both KaiB binding to the N-terminal domain (CI) and the phosphotransfer reactions that (de)phosphorylate the KaiC C-terminal domain (CII). However, the nucleotide exchange pathways associated with transitions among these states are poorly understood. In this study, we integrate recent advances in molecular dynamics methods to elucidate the structure and energetics of the pathway for Mg·ADP release from the CII domain. We find that nucleotide release is coupled to large-scale conformational changes in the KaiC hexamer. Solvating the nucleotide requires widening the subunit interface leading to the active site, which is linked to extension of the A-loop, a structure implicated in KaiA binding. These results provide a molecular hypothesis for how KaiA acts as a nucleotide exchange factor. In turn, structural parallels between the CI and CII domains suggest a mechanism for allosteric coupling between the domains. We relate our results to structures observed for other hexameric ATPases, which perform diverse functions.


AIM To establish a method for the determination of related substances in gemcitabine hydrochloride raw materials and injection preparations by using gradient elution of HPLC and to make further studies on unknown impurities of base treated system solution by LC-MS.METHODS C_8 column was adopted.Mobile phase A and B respectively consisted of different proportions of phosphate buffer solution(pH 2.5±0.1) and methanol.The flow rate with gradient elution was 1.0 mL·min-1.The diode array detector was used to detect,and the detection wavelength was 275 nm.RESULTS Cemcitabine hydrochloride and its related substance were obviously separated under the chromatographic system described above.A good relationship was observed in the concentration range of 0.467 6 - 4.676 mg·L~(-1)(cytosine ) and 0.416 4 -4.164 mg·L-1(gemcitabine),with the coefficient of 1.000 0(cytosine) and 0.999 8(gemcitabine).The limit of detection was 0.124 9 ng(gemcitabine).CONCLUSION The method is sensitive,accurate and specific,and can provide a scientific evaluation for quality control of gemcitabine hydrochloride raw materials and injection preparations from different companies.


For the purpose of safety design of a turbine disk, the fundamental termoelasticity mechanics associated with the thermal loadings imposed on the inner and outer surfaces of a rotating disk have been studied theoretically and numerically. The relationship between the stress level and the thermal boundary loadings was obtained theoretically to identify the existence of four possible stress states of the disk. Then, the computational fluid dynamics and finite element simulations were carried out to validate the theoretical analysis. Results showed that the existence and extent of the four stress states were governed by the thermal loading combination (Q˜e−Φ) on the inner and outer surface, respectively, and then their regimes had been delineated. After the thermal loading design was employed, the maximum equivalent stress against the conventional model (Φ=0) had fallen, except in some cases of state 4. Hence, the thermal loadings on the boundaries of the disk should be designed in an adequate range in order...


The network has become an important channel for current college and university students to exchange information and communication, and become an important part of University life. Although college and university students very like network but most college and university students cannot use the network effectively. Network with its openness and vitality also makes some college and university students freely, lack of moral self-discipline in the network environment. More and more college and university students pay attention to the protection of their rights in the network environment, but a few college and university students have unconsciously infringe upon the rights of other people. So, universities need to carry out effective rule of law education and morality education for University students. Countries should strengthen the network legislation; regulate the constraints on the network infringement and cyber crime. At the same time, we should purify network environment through technical means and help college and university students grow up healthily in the network environment.


Deep neural networks have been widely applied and researched in remote sensing image scene classification and achieved a great success. However, deep supervised network heavily relies on a large amount of labeled data. The annotation is difficult and time-consuming to obtain but the unlabeled data are comparably easier to get. Considering that, we introduce a semi-supervised learning framework for remote sensing image scene classification. The network is trained by a novel adaptive perturbation training method. The experiments on NWPU-RESISC45 dataset prove that the introduced semi-supervised classification method can achieve higher classification accuracy with unlabeled data compared with the corresponding supervised classifier, and the designed adaptive perturbation training can further improve the performance of the semi-supervised learning-based classification network.


Endohedral N@${\text{C}}_{60}$ exhibits an extremely long electron spin relaxation time and offers a great potential in storing and processing quantum information. Here, we present a microscopic theory of electron spin relaxation in N@${\text{C}}_{60}$. The theory combines (1) the spin-orbit interaction of $\text{N}\text{ }2p$ electrons, which mixes the ground-state $^{4}S$ with excited $^{2}P$ and $^{2}D$ states, and (2) the coupling between the $\text{N}\text{ }2p$ electrons and ${\text{C}}_{60}$ ${H}_{g}$ vibrations, which facilitates transitions between $^{2}P$ and $^{2}D$ states. The spin relaxation occurs via a two-phonon (Raman) process by absorbing a ${H}_{g}$ phonon and emitting another at the (approximately) same frequency. The theory consistently explains measured spin relaxation time ${T}_{1}$ and its temperature dependence, and predicts two independent spin decoherence ${T}_{2}$ constants for $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3/2\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1/2$ transitions.


GAF Corp.'s restructuring plan disclosed late last month got an enthusiastic response from the stock market. Under this plan, the big diversified company will sell nearly half of its businesses, retaining only building materials and specialty chemicals (C&EN, Jan. 5, page 8). On the day that the plan was announced, the price of GAF stock increased 1¾ points to close at $12 per share. The following day the stock advanced another 1⅜ points to close the year at $13,375 per share, nearing its 12-month high of $14.50 per share. Jesse Werner, chairman and chief executive officer of GAF, told a press conference in New York City that the company has established a $265 million reserve in connection with the divestment program that will result in a loss for 1980. Through the first three quarters of 1980, GAF net income was $12.7 million. Werner says that if the reserve had not been established, GAF would have ...


594 Background: The long half-life of trastuzumab (Herceptin; H) (approximately 4 wks) dictates that steady-state serum levels are reached after many weeks (24–30) of therapy, regardless of the regimen (qw or q3w) used. It is prudent to target these higher steady-state levels early in the course of therapy. To this end, a novel loading regimen has been designed using pharmacokinetic (PK) simulation: 6mg/kg on day (d) 1, 8 and 15, then 6mg/kg q3w from d22. Preliminary PK data are presented. Methods: Data from the first 6 patients evaluable for PK are included. H was given as monotherapy as described above, and a sparse sampling scheme employed. Exposure was estimated during the 2nd and 4th cycles, and compared with that derived at steady-state using population (PPK) methods (Washington et al. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2002). The observed PK profiles obtained using this novel loading regimen were compared with the predicted PK profile (mean; 90% CI), constructed using this PPK model. Results: Serum levels in the ...


The sex of loggerhead turtle embryos is determined by incubation temperature. We are interested in identifying temperature-dependent events during the development of the urinogenital system to more clearly define the "window" where sex is determined. Consequently, we have closely monitored the stages of whole embryo development in conjunction with the development of the urinogenital system. While an increase in constant incubation temperature shortens the length of the incubation period for Caretta caretta, the wet weight of whole embryos (set at the male- (26°), pivotal- (28°C), and female- (32°C) determining temperatures) is very similar at each developmental stage. However, different growth patterns for the male and female urinogenital systems are found during the sex-determining period (stages 22–27) of embryognesis. Thus, within this critical period, incubation temperature has a particular influence on the growth of urinogenital tissue.


Supervision is a part of the guidance and counseling accountability that aims to improve the professional and personal competence of guidance and counseling teachers. The research aims to explore the phenomenon of guidance and counseling supervision in senior high school units and their impact on guidance and counseling teacher performance. The study used qualitative research with a case study design, involving seven participants of guidance and counseling teachers and one participant is guidance and counseling supervisor in Senior High School Majalengka Regency. The research instrument used interview guidelines and documentation studies. The result of the research is supervision has a positive impact on guidance and counseling teacher performance, that shown in improving the performance on personality and professional competencies. Supervision is carried out in six aspects: (1) the supervision function is dominated by the administration and evaluation functions; (2) the aim is to increase professionalism and performance; (3) the target subject is all of guidance and counseling teacher in High School and the change target is improve performance; (4) supervision activities not refer to counselor supervisors guidelines and are dominated by administrative supervision; (e) personal relationships are only formal relation without differences, attachment and suitability has impact to guidance and counseling teacher's feelings; (f) evaluation is less structured and carried out without any guidelines to be evaluated. Implications of research for guidance and counseling supervisors are to take the research findings by designing plans for development and improve activities of supervision implementation.

Keywords: supervision, performance, guidance and counseling


Objective To explore the characteristics of serum lipid levels of 4263 cases in Guangzhou populations.Method Fasting blood serum of 4263 cases of age above 40 years old in Guangzhou was collected to determine total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C).Result In this group,25.4%(1082/4263) has high cholesterol(TC) level,33.7%(1437/4263) ahs high triglyceride(TG) level,22.5%(961/4263) has a low high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) level,29.5%(1259/4263) has a high low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) level.The rates of having abnormal TC,HDL-C and LDL-C levels show significant difference between male and female.Conclusion In this population,abnormal serum lipid level was correlated with age and gender.People should change their eating habit and living style.


The invention relates to a process for preparing a zirconate titanate at least one divalent or trivalent cation. This method is characterized in that it comprises reacting at least one salt or hydroxide of said cation in a basic medium with hydrated zirconium oxide and a sol structure of anatase titanium oxide obtained by a process comprising a thermal hydrolysis. The product obtained is in the form of particles of average size of at most 0,5mum and monodisperse.


Abstract To explore the effects of organic matter (OM) and loading methods on compression and particle breakage behaviors of calcareous sand (CS), a set of one-dimensional (1D) compression experiments were completed with two loading methods of constant rate of strain and incremental loading. Particle size distribution (PSD) analysis and three-dimensional (3D) modelling tests were performed to assess particle breakage degree and OM distribution form. Test results demonstrated that there existed an OM content of 25% in which the total vertical strain (TVS) in loading process declined first and then grew after that. While in unloading process, TVS decreased linearly from 16.1% to 4.2% approximately when OM content increased from 0 to 100%. In addition, there existed two loading stress turning points of 800 and 1600 kPa corresponding to vertical strain variation for CS-OM (A) and CS-OM (B) mixtures, respectively. The rebound index of mixtures increased from 0.002 to 0.107 when OM content increased to 100% which was determined collectively by the percentage of PCS and OM. OM can restrain particle breakage of CS to some degree and relative breakage ratio decreased from 0.24 to 0.03. Under the same condition, the relative breakage ratio (0.24) of CS-OM (B) mixtures with IL loading method were larger than that of CS-OM (A) mixtures or CRS loading method. Moreover, SEM and 3D models of CS-OM mixtures suggested that the OM are flocculent and distributed in surface or pores of CS particles.


The synthesis of phillipsite from fly ash, which can be used as adsorbents , catalysts etc., was proposed as a new way to reuse fly ash. The effects of morphology of fly ash and the synthesis conditions on the generated zeolite are studied . We proposed a method for selective synthesis of phillipsite improving the purity and yield by introducing microwave heating. The microwave heating enhanced the growth rate of zeolite and improved the crystalline state . The synsethis process which is affected by the microwave irradiation is also clarified.


Athens, a re-examination, fronl a traditional Orthodox standpoint, of Nestorius in the light of the discovery, round the tum of the century, of the Syriac version ofhis final apologia, ofwhich Driver and Hodgson published an English translation under the title The Bazaar of Heraclides. Bebis is strongly (and healthily) influenced by Lossky's Mystical Theology oftheEastern Church. Occasionally the scales seem a little weighted against the attribution of an Orthodox sense to Nestorius's language: and the work suffers from being based on the English translation, not on the Syriac version itselfonce at least the English is mistranslated, and once the English itself has left out a necessary negative found in the Syriac. But in general the criticisms of that most unreadable work, and of the doctrine therein defended, seem fair and convincing. Nestorius was aside from Orthodox faith, not so much in the details ofhis teaching as in his subordinating theology to a particular philosophical system: that system, and not the person of the Son and Word of God, comes first in his mind. His failure is found in his lack of any "apophatic" or mystical theology: and the same lack is scented in Western reappraisals of him. But in his last pages Bebis describes a recent defence of Nestorius by an Indian Nestorian, as opening the possibility ofa "dialogue" which should go behind the directly Christological issues to the primary theological question and should be rooted in apophaticism.


Distal biceps tendon rupture
accounts for only 3% - 10% of all biceps tendon injuries. The majority of
distal biceps tendon injuries are from complete rupture. It is especially rare
to diagnose partial rupture of the distal biceps tendon. Our case profiles a
chronic partial tear of the distal biceps tendon in a pediatric patient.


Resistance to Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides in wheat was determined by inoculating 2-wk-old seedlings with a transformed strain of the pathogen that constitutively expresses β-glucuronidase (GUS) and measuring disease development with a GUS enzyme assay, visual disease scoring, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Differences among resistant and susceptible genotypes were apparent 2 wk after inoculation; however, the greatest differences among resistant and susceptible genotypes occurred 4- to 6-wk and 6- to 8-wk after inoculation for the GUS assay and visual disease ratings, respectively. ELISA did not differentiate among resistant genotypes at any sample date in this study


Results of the experimental validation are presented for the three dimensional cambered wing which was designed to achieve attached supercritical cross flow for lifting conditions typical of supersonic maneuver. The design point was a lift coefficient of 0.4 at Mach 1.62 and 12 deg angle of attack. Results from the nonlinear full potential method are presented to show the validity of the design process along with results from linear theory codes. Longitudinal force and moment data and static pressure data were obtained in the Langley Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel at Mach numbers of 1.58, 1.62, 1.66, 1.70, and 2.00 over an angle of attack range of 0 to 14 deg at a Reynolds number of 2.0 x 10 to the 6th power per foot. Oil flow photographs of the upper surface were obtained at M = 1.62 for alpha approx. = 8, 10, 12, and 14 deg.


The methodological aspects of sample preparation of samples of one of the most important representatives of a class of natural organic systems of soil to physico-chemical analysis, have been considered. In order to obtain reliable data on the structural and material composition of soil profiles, methodical technique that enable level differences in the composition of exchangeable cations and do not affect the real structure of the silicate mineral phases present in the soil, have been proposed. It has been revealed the distribution of elements-indicators (in the form of oxides) lithological homogeneity and their molecular relationships in the profiles of the two forest-steppe soils, developed on unconsolidated sediments, typical of the Middle Volga. It has been noted that the pretreatment of soil samples, an aqueous solution containing acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide, provides more realistic information about the physical and chemical processes occurring in the process of soil formation.


Under the background of higher educational marketization,COE Program was established by Japanese government to provide funding support for creating world-standard research and education bases in Japanese universities in order to create the world-standard unversities with the international competitiveness. By means of third-party assessment and competitive resources distribution,this program,as an important measure,has led market mechanism into the educational management system reform in Japan's higher education system.


The aim of this article is to elucidate the essence of listening through a hermeneutical reading of the works of philosopher Emmanuel Lévinas. This research is grounded in the human scientific caring tradition that is founded on an ethical order and explicitly theoretical framework. Listening as an ethical bearing is interpreted as a desire to follow the inner essential decision to take human responsibility seriously, to put oneself at risk, and as a promise to serve the vulnerable and unique Other in his or her otherness. Listening invites the individual to see and to respond to the Other's address and thereby to welcome the holy and the infinite in a world where all human beings are tied together into a common humanity.


This research is studying on the processing conditions which use bovine enzymatic solution as reaction-based liquid,add the amino acids,reducing sugar and then through Maillard reaction to generate Shannon bone juice,and add further spice to generate Shannon bone paste preparation.Furthermore,it used sensory assessment to analysis Maillard reaction products.The result showed that: In enzymolysis liquid,add 0.2% cysteine and xylose 2%,at 120℃ under the formation of Maillard reaction 40min,Shannon bone juice is best,and its concentration after 4 times would have better flavor.In concentrated Shannon Bone juice,add 2% salt,4% starch,dry pepper,white pepper,black pepper,dry ginger,pepper all 0.1%,star anise,cumin,curry powder all 0.05%,would form the best flavor.


Introduction: The identification of evaporate deposits and other chemical clues are well-known tools for probing oceans and pockets of liquid below planetary surfaces. For example, brines on Ganymede provided evidence for its subsurface ocean [1], and chemical clues in Occator Crater [2,3] pointed to its status as an ocean world. Less understood and appreciated is the tool of photometry to identify ocean worlds and areas of possible venting to the surface. The unusual photometric properties of Europa [4] provided one of the early lines of evidence for a subsurface ocean harboring bacterial life [5]. Modeling of physical parameters through photometric modeling has identified plume or possible venting deposits on Io and Europa [6,7]. The main physical parameters that identify photometric anomalies are albedo, surface texture, roughness, and particle size. Albedo: One of the first indications of activity on Enceladus was its nearly unit geometric albedo [8]. Furthermore, all terrains on its surface seemed to be the same albedo, even though they ranged in age from billions of years old to relatively recent. It was as if a coating of the surface had occurred. (Failure of the scan platform on Voyager 2 precluded the acquisition of images of the plume of Enceladus in a look-back sequence.)


Surveys consistently put public speaking near the top of the list of people′s fears. Aims to show presenters ways of dealing with those fears and becoming more effective speakers. Reflects on the nature of people′s fears and suggests ways of looking at these more realistically, by challenging common ways of overstating them and replacing them with a more positive view. Such new ideas need to be taken on board in small easily managed steps. Examines the nature of the objective of a talk and how this must be realistically achievable and take the audience into account. Then, by committing to that objective and focusing on transmitting the meaning of what is being said, an interesting delivery style will automatically follow. Finally, exhorts speakers to be themselves, and to be assertive – neither aggressive nor apologetic.


Angiomyolipomas are the most common type of benign renal tumors and are characterized by a mixture of mature adipose tissue, sheet of smooth muscle, and thick-walled blood vessels of various proportions. Several cases of angiomyolipoma with partial malignant transformation invading the adjacent structure and lymph node have been reported. On the other hand, benign angiomyolipomas invading the adjacent structures has been rarely reported. We report a case of a benign angiomyolipoma with renal vein invasion.


The CO2 removal technology are introduced from Post-combustion, Pre-combustion separation and Oxy fuel-combustion. And storage methods(geological storage, oceanic storage) are also introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of CO2 removal technology and storage methods are discussed. It shows there is a sea of troubles for us to develop the technology.


Measles is one of endemic diseases in East Java especially in north Surabaya, the home of specific ethnic which resist of immunization. Surabaya District Health Office targeted their Measles immunization is above 90%, but unfortunately this target are never been reached. The purpose of this study was to analyze the management process of immunization program, especially the supervision. The guidance of supervision is regulated in Health Minister Regulation number 42, on 2013. Supervision is involved performance standard setting, monitoring and corrective action. This is a quantitative study with descriptive and cross sectional design. The sampling was calculated by using simple random sampling. The interviews through open and close question were conducted to 38 Managers of Immunization program in Public Health Centre. The result showed that the implementation of supervision has implemented by guidance the supervision of immunization programme. The study showed that only 2.63% or just one of Public Health Centre has already supervised by District Health Office and 5.26% or two Public Health Centres has supervised three times and suit with guidance implementation of general supervision. From this study, it is important for District Health Office to add new person as Supervisor and Public Health Centres and ensure that its supervision follow the supervision guidance. Keywords: Measles immunization, North Surabaya, supervision


With the advent of globalization and technological advancement, the Saudi Arabia has the largest and fastest growing market for telecommunication products and services in the Middle East. Since the human resource is the most important and indeed an essential imperative for an organization to prosper and grow, their development is certainly an issue of concern for the management of any organization who retain them.The present study was aimed to analyse some of these HRD practices which can help the public sector telecom companies of Saudi Arabia to combat the future challenges on the basis of these variables: Quality of Work Life and Welfare Measures, Organizational Development, Training and Development, Performance Appraisal and Rewards and Participative Management. The present study brings out the fact that appropriate HRD Practices provide an essential springboard for enhancing the Satisfaction and Commitment of the employees in the Telecom Industry. Appropriate Practices in HRD are subjective. What is best for one company may not be best for another. 'Appropriate practices are not a set of discrete actions but rather a holistic approach to management. Thus, to study the appropriateness of the HRD Practices, an attempt was made to identify those HRD practices that are prevalent in the Telecom Sector.


Objective:High performance liquid chromatography method was established to determine the related substances and the degradation substances in clemastine fumarate ant its tablets.Methods:An ODS-3 C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)with UV detection at 210 nm,and acetonitrile-sodium octanesulfonate solution(50∶ 50) as the mobile phase were used in HPLC.The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1,and the temperature of the column was 35 ℃.Results:An excellent separation was achieved for clemastine fumarate,excipient and its related substances.The reproducibility and precision of the method were good(RSD0.3%).Conclusion:This method was accurate,simple,quick and effective for determination of related substances and the degradation substances in clemastine fumarate tablets.It was also suitable for the quality control for clemastine fumarate and its tablets.


Abstract Understanding where and how to bolster human rights is arguably the underlying motivation of most research in human rights and the greater field of political science. Increasingly, an emphasis on gender has been shown to prevent conflict and reinforce peace, thus demonstrating how a reinforcement of women's rights benefits the sustainment of peace. Despite increasing evidence for this phenomenon, scholars have not fully explored the mechanisms through which a focus on women fosters and preserves peace. Using extant literature on women and peace, I identify two sets of policy instruments that may be more effectual than others in establishing gendered peace and preventing states from relapsing into conflict. I further categorize the policies into high-level and targeted policies and hypothesize that, contrary to intuition, high-level policies could be more effective at generating gendered peace. I test the models for each instrument using an updated version of the PAX-Gender database and find that more high-level gender policies are linked to longer-lasting peace treaties.


This interview with the Spanish teacher Neus Sans Baulenas, author of didactic materials of Spanish as a Foreign Language published by Editorial Difusion from Spain, aims at knowing about her career as a writer for more than 36 years and about what she thinks of her editorial production. The interview also reveals the author's perception of the current methodological tendencies in language teaching and her opinion on issues related to certain editorial policies in the present context.


Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dosimetric effect of rotational setup errors on the synchronous bi-lateral lung cancer plans generated by the intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) technique. Methods: The original IMPT plans were generated in for the left planning target volume (PTV) and right PTV of the left lung and right lung, respectively. Each plan was generated using two beams (lateral and posterior-anterior) with an isocenter placed at the center of the corresponding PTV. The IMPT plans were optimized for a total dose of 74 Gy[RBE] prescribed to each PTV with 2 Gy(RBE) per fraction. Original plans were recalculated by introducing simulated rotational errors. For each PTV, 18 rotational plans (±1⁰, ±2⁰, and ±3⁰) for each of the yaw, roll, and pitch rotations were generated. Results: Rotational errors caused the reduction in the clinical target volume (CTV) and PTV coverage in new rotational IMPT plans when compared to the original IMPT lung plans. The CTV D99 was reduced by up to 13.3%, 9.1%, and 5.9% for the yaw (+3⁰), roll (-3⁰), and pitch (+3⁰), respectively. The PTV D95 was reduced by up to 8.7%, 7.3%, and 4.6% for the yaw (+3⁰), roll (-3⁰), and pitch (+3⁰), respectively. The PTV V100 showed the highest deviation with a reduction of dose coverage by up to 40.1%, 31.8%, and 33.9% for the yaw (-3⁰), roll (-3⁰), and pitch (+3⁰) respectively. Conclusion: The rotational setup errors with magnitude of ≥2⁰ can produce a significant loss of dose coverage to the target volume in the IMPT of a synchronous bi-lateral lung cancer. The yaw had the most severe impact on the dosimetric results when compared to other two rotational errors (roll and pitch).


Background We aimed to examine whether intra-individual variability in traditional risk factors affects the progression of atherosclerosis on subsequent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using asymptomatic health examination cohort data from Haeundae Paik Hospital in Korea collected between 2010–2020. A total of 387 adults met the inclusion criteria of having at least two CCTAs without specific symptoms with an interval of more than one year and having completed three or more health examinations. Visit-to-visit variability was evaluated using the average real variability (ARV) of body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol. Progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis was defined as worsening of coronary artery stenosis from baseline to final CCTA. ARV values for various metabolic parameters were stratified into quartiles, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for coronary atherosclerosis progression were analyzed using multiple Cox proportional hazards models. Results There were 126 cases of coronary artery stenosis progression (32.56%) assessed using the Coronary Artery Disease Reporting and Data System during a mean follow up of 3.91 (range, 1–9) years. In the multivariate analysis comparing ARV quartiles for LDL-cholesterol after adjusting for covariates, individuals with higher variability showed an increased risk of stenosis progression: HR 2.23 (95% CI: 1.33–3.73) for the third quartile, HR 1.56 (95% CI: 0.91–2.66) for the fourth quartile (P for trend =0.005). Triglycerides also showed a significant linear trend (P for trend =0.04), and Q4 had a greater risk of stenosis progression (HR, 2.09; 95% CI: 1.24–3.52). Meanwhile, the risk of stenosis progression was significantly reduced as the ARV of HDL-cholesterol increased: HR 0.56 (95% CI: 0.35–0.89) for the third quartile, HR 0.47 (95% CI: 0.27–0.81) for the fourth quartile (P for trend =0.01). Conclusions High variability in LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride was an independent predictor of coronary artery stenosis progression on subsequent CCTA in our cohort. This finding highlights the importance of maintaining stable state to effectively prevent the progression of coronary artery stenosis in clinical settings.


This exploration examines the job of accounting information systems in helping associations settle on savvy decisions. This study depends vigorously on essential information gathered by means of overviews. The information was investigated using relapse and Karl Pearson's connection. The findings uncover that the bank's internal examiners were not given an adequate number of reports brilliantly. In any case, associations are exhorted Invest in information innovation devices to increase their productivity, adequacy, and generally speaking performance.
The review closed as follows: An association's accounting information has been demonstrated to be its most significant resource (monetary venture). Accounting information has shown its viability as a management decision-making apparatus. Organizations were likewise worried about projects that are intended to help the general economy.
The concentrate likewise prescribes that Managers ought to have the option to utilize the accounting or report information they are given to make examinations of choices, To maintain adequate execution, right division of obligations, and follow-up processes, both management and administrative officials should be involved in the oversight interaction.
The bank should ensure that all review reports are shipped off their clients sooner rather than later to ensure that consideration is paid to and right records are maintained.
The assets ought to be designated to endeavor to evaluate the effect of the accounting principles currently in use on administrative decision making. Management ought to occasionally offer in-support training for bookkeepers to work on their activities, since these projects give important management accounting information.


PurposeThis research numerically investigates the steady laminar 3D forced convective flow and heat transfer of a rotating Al2O3/water nanofluid past a linearly stretching sheet with the help of a novel two-phase analysis method by considering different nanoparticle shapes as well as velocity slip boundary condition plus internal heating.Design/methodology/approachThe authors' novel two-phase analysis method implements the Jang and Choi model for the effective thermal conductivity and incorporates it with Tiwari–Das mathematical model. Besides, the shape factors of the nanoparticles have also taken into account using the Timofeeva model for effective dynamic viscosity. The Prandtl number of the base fluid is kept constant at 6.2 and the temperature of the nanoparticles as well as the base fluid molecules is assumed to be 300 K. In short, after using the similarity transformation method, the obtained dimensionless nonlinear ODEs are numerically solved using the bvp4c built-in function from MATLAB. The governing parameters are solid volume concentration, rotation parameter, velocity slip parameter, heat generation or absorption parameter and Prandtl number of the base fluid.FindingsIt is argued that when the cylindrical shape for alumina is chosen, the maximum values for skin friction coefficients and local Nusselt number have been obtained among the other shapes. Further, the velocity slip enhancement in this problem will lead to a drastic reduction in the foregoing quantities of engineering interest.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this research is a novel attitude to two-phase nanofluid model.


The concept of social responsibility in engineering is the obligation that its professionals have to evaluate the impact of their work on public welfare. Although being a content presented in classrooms, the students in our university do not have contact with real-world situations of risk of electrical shock and fires caused by improperly electrical installations. To attenuate this deficit we created the undergraduate extension project "Analysis and Correction of Electrical Installations in Low-Income Habitations in the city of Cornelio Procopio" in the Federal University of Technology–Parana. In this work, we focus on electrical installations safety conditions inspection and corrective actions in low-income habitations in Cornelio Procopio, Brazil. Our inspiration is the Project-Based Learning (PBL), in which we insert students in real-world environments to point out and analyze electrical installations problems. In our project, a group of students and a supervising professor inspect the situations of risk according to a decision tree and make repairs in the electrical installations in the visited habitations. We created a socioeconomic form answered by each family visited and photos in order to obtain data for archiving. At the end, the students answered a qualitative form that verified the impact of the project in their learning and practical skills, and their awareness of social responsibility as engineers. We verified that the repairs improved the life quality of the residents. Finally, we address quantitative future work.


Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) is an uncommon inflammatory dermatosis that results in disfiguring alopecia. Follicular occlusion likely contributes to its development, but its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. The disproportionate prevalence of DCS among young men, along with reports of benefit from antiandrogen therapy, suggests that androgens may play a role. In our clinic, a 38-year-old man presented with the abrupt onset of DCS (a, b), just a few weeks after starting anabolic steroids for recreational performance enhancement. With cessation of anabolic steroid use along with isotretinoin 0 5 mg kg 1 daily, the patient experienced marked improvement. This case serves to support the distinct role of androgens in the pathogenesis of DCS. D. J .B . KURTZMAN iD C.E . AL EXANDER Division of Dermatology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Fall 2007: Assignment No. 3 Due Date: 12.21.07 December 10, 2007 The solution to this assignment should be submitted as attachment to an e-mail message. The textual part should be prepared as a postscript, PDF, or Word document. All submitted smv and pf files should be submitted as separate files. You may group all relevant files into a single file, using ZIP or TAR. 1 Peterson(N) Algorithm In Fig. 1 we present Algorithm Peterson(N), which implements mutual exclusion among N processes, using shared variables but no semaphores. in N : integer where N > 1 local y : array [1..N ] of 0..N where ∀k : y[k] = 0 s : array [1..N ] of 1..N N i=1 P [i] :: 


This paper describes the role that optical grating antennae may take in the problematics of integrated interferometric distance measurement. Integrated optic gratings represent the access port to and from the monolithic chip that performs the interference preprocessing functions. As such they allow a homogeneous and fully planar alternative to micro-optic interferometry. It is shown that the technological and technical conditions for the implementation offlat optical antennae in practical sensor systems are about to be fulfilled.


Correspondence Address: (57) ABSTRACT WILSON SONSIN GOODRCH & ROSAT 650 PAGE MILL ROAD Bill R are press yer R t R Gi 1ng differentials in V1sual media. Undesired differentials PALO ALTO, CA 94304-1050 (US) include undesired contrasts in brightness and/or color. Also described herein are signals, video frames and video streams (73) Assignee: AURATECHNIC, INC., San that have been limited to produce a desired differential. Fur Diego, CA (US) ther described are methods for reducing triggers that can lead to migraines, nausea and neuronal paroxysms in viewers of (21) Appl. No.: 12/050,824 visual media.


People from many districts want combined service which extended up to medical, cultural, educational and mental services. Due to the requirements of local citizen, each local city organizes the institution of public office which provides multi-service in one location. This study is to design the public office as a combined community centre of 4 public facilities which is planned to be removed and rebuilt and which can include administration, health, activity, culture, and education facilities at physical space. As a method of solution this study analyzes the program of each facility and suggests the inclusive method for the local citizen's requirements through the plot plan and floor plan.


We present a first experimental investigation of the response of a continuous laser‐produced Cs plasma to weak modulation of the laser beam. The cw dye laser beam at 6010.49 A, of ∼0.1 W power, excites the Cs (6P1/2→8D3/2) atomic transition in the present study. At low modulation frequency, the fractional modulation of the transmitted laser beam is greatly reduced from that of the incident beam. At high modulation frequency, the two fractional modulations are nearly equal. We also demonstrate that the normal amplitude fluctuation of the laser beam is greatly reduced after transmission through the plasma. These features of the dynamic response are explained in a simple rate equation analysis.


Multipacting is a potential limit on the power one can deliver to different components of a free electron laser source. Simulation is a main tool in helping to understand and mitigate multipacting. We present recent work on benchmarking multipacting simulations, including comparison with theory, with other codes and with rectangular waveguide experiments. In particular, we show quantitative agreement between simulation results and theory for the ponderomotive drift of electrons to the edges of the waveguide, and we show qualitative agreement with previous simulation and experiment for multipacting levels as a function of power in the range of a few hundred kilowatts for a 500 MHz waveguide.


In two recent papers [1,2], new properties of a class of Jacobi polynomials and generalized Laguerre polynomials were presented. As a result, new classes of stable polynomials and polynomials with real negative roots were introduced. The purpose of this paper is to provide a general theorem on stability and to show how the previous results fit in this general framework. Stability analysis plays an important role in many areas of pure and applied mathematics such as the Routh-Hurwitz problem [11], matrix analysis [10], operators preserving stability [5] and numerical analysis [3,4,7,8]. A real polynomial, p(z), is said to be stable (or a Hurwitz polynomial), if all the zeros of p(z) lie in the open left half-plane, (z) < 0. The characterization of stable polynomials that is most useful for the purpose of this paper is given by the Hermite-Biehler Theorem in terms of positive pairs, defined below.


It is assumed that in certain well-defined kinematic regions, production amplitudes may be described as due to the exchange of a number of Regge poles, and formulas are given expressing the amplitude in terms of the permitted trajectories. Experimental tests and consequences of the hypothesis are discussed. Tests should be possible at present accelerator energies. The hypothesis leads to strong damping of production cross sections in the invariant momentum transfers, and therefore could serve as the basis for the assumptions of a previous paper.


A model of an ion embedded in jellium is presented. The static charge state of a heavy ion is determined self-consistently. The effective charge of a heavy ion at low velocities is calculated, which is incorporated with the Brandt-Kitagawa effective charge theory to take the velocity dependence of the effective charge into account. The quantal harmonic oscillator model is generalized to calculate the electronic energy loss of heavy ions colliding with a carbon target. The results are compared with available experimental data.


Structural reliability analysis has been used to calibrate a design equation for mooring lines in their ultimate limit state. The calibration is based on six test cases, for mooring systems in water depths ranging from 70m to 2000m. Three of the cases apply to a turret-positioned ship and three to a semisubmersible. Conventional catenary mooring systems with chain and/or wire components have been studied, whereas taut moorings with tibre rope are not yet included. Environmental conditions from the Norwegian continental shelf and from the Gulf of Mexico have been considered. A design equation format involving two partial safety factors, applied to two tension components is recommended. The two components are: (i) the static tension due to pretension and due to tension induced at the offset position corresponding to the mean environmental forces in an environmental state, and (ii) the dynamic tension component due to time-varying loads; i.e. in this paper defined as the sum of timevarying low-frequency and wave-frequency tensions in the environmental state. The recipes for characteristic values of the tension components and the line capacity are specified, and partial safety factors are given. INTRODUCTION Three criteria should be considered in the structural design of mooring lines for floating offshore structures. Within a structural reliability format it is convenient to formulate these criteria as: (a) an ultimate limit state (ULS) that to ensure that each mooring line is strong enough to withstand the extreme loads it is subjected to, (b) a progressive collapse limit state (PLS) to ensure that the mooring system can withstand the failure of one mooring line due to other causes, and (c) a fatigue limit state (FLS) to ensure that each mooring line has adequate capacity against fatigue. This paper deals with the ULS, while a companion papers deals with the PLS (Mathisen et al. 1998). The results are intended for use in the revision of the Posmoor rules for mooring line design (Sogstad 1998). There is also usually a serviceability requirement in the design of mooring lines, to ensure that the motion of the platform does not exceed limits imposed by attached risers or adjacent structures. This is obviously essential for a satisfactory design, but it is convenient to separate the serviceability requirement from the requirements placed on the strength of the mooring lines. The serviceability is usually adjusted by means of the line pretension, elasticity, weight, or number of lines. After changing any of these parameters it is necessary to check that all limit states are still satisfied. The objective of this work is to calibrate a simplified design method for the ULS, against a detailed structural reliability analysis of the ULS, such that a chosen target reliability level is achieved when the design method is applied. In order to ensure applicability of the rules in very deep water, the test set includes water depths down to 2000 m. The reliability analysis and calibration of the ULS is based on the experience obtained from two preceding joint industry projects: (a) FPS 2000 project 1.8, Reliability of Station Keeping, Systems, Mathisen (1992), and (b) PROMOOR, Reliability-Based Design of Mooring Systems, Mathisen and Horte (1996). The present paper therefore focuses on the calibration results. CALIBRATION Madsen et al. (1986) provide an introduction to calibration. Discussion of calibration can be a little confusing, because two methods of analysing the same problem are involved. The essential difference is that one method is simplified to make it convenient in practical design, while the other method is detailed to carry out the analysis in the best way available within the stateof-the-art. The calibration typically involves adjusting the partial safety factors applied in the design method, so that the resulting designs are close to a chosen target reliability level. The calibration can also be generalised to include other adjustments to the design method, such as changes in the format of the design equation, or in the definitions of the characteristic values that are involved. The calibration process may be considered to be a mathematical optimisation process, to minimise an objective function measuring the distance of the resulting designs away from the target reliability. It is advisable to clearly define the scope of the calibration; i.e. the class of structures that the design method is intended to be applicable to. Here, we intend to encompass mooring systems for floating offshore structures, in water depths from 70 m to 2000 m, using conventional chain and steel wire rope mooring line components. Semisubmersibles and ships are included, while tension leg platforms are excluded. We had hoped to include Spar platforms too, but have not had the resources to include a Spar platform in the test set yet. The results are also intended to be applicable world wide, provided that the recipe for characteristic values including the environmental conditions is followed. Strictly speaking, the calibration should be checked if the design rule is to be applied in locations where the distribution of environmental conditions falls outside the range covered by the two cases that have been used. A set of test structures have been selected to span the scope of the calibration. These include a turret-positioned ship and a semisubmersible, with various mooring systems for water depths of 70 m, 350 m, 1000 m and 2000 m. Environmental conditions for the Norwegian continental shelf and the Gulf of Mexico are included. The calibration is carried out as an iterative process, as indicated in Fig. 1. In practice, there is a need to simplify the iteration process, to avoid excessive computations in each iteration loop. This has been done by assuming that the mooring system response is unaffected by perturbations in the mooring line strength. The reliability analysis can then be carried out beforehand for a few line strengths, and the reliability results needed in the iteration loop can be provided by interpolation. The same assumption is also made in the design analysis, for consistency. RELIABILITY ANALYSIS Limit State Model The present application is concerned with the probabilitv of failure of a single mooring line, under extreme environmental conditions, without prior failure of any of the other mooring lines. This failure mode is referred to as an ultimate limit state (ULS). The ULS is intended to give a sound design of each individual mooring line to withstand the extreme loads it is expected to be exposed to. Mooring system failure is not considered in the ULS, but will be covered by the PLS. The PLS takes account of the possibility that a mooring line may fail due to some exceptional or unknown cause not accounted for in the ULS, and ensures that the mooring system has an ability to withstand such incidents. (Note that the empirical probability of failure of one line is relatively high and needs to be taken into account in the serviceability limit state. This can be done conservatively by assuming that any single line may be missing.) The ULS formulation used was originally developed by Braathen and Mathisen (1991), as has been presented by Mathisen and Mark (1993), and Larsen and Mathisen (1996b). Some additional details of the formulation are included in the description by Mathisen and Horte (1994). Tensile overload failure in any component of the line is included, and the distribution function for the strength of each type of component is required as input. The strengths of individual components are assumed independent. Variation in tension along the length of the line is neglected, based on the results of previous analyses, where it was taken into account, Mathisen and Horte (1994). The probability of failure is calculated by integration over the joint probability distribution of the environmental effects (long term type analysis). Fig. 2 provides an overview of the ULS computation. Only chain link and steel wire rope components from the main body of the line are included, because the design rule is to be calibrated for these types of components for predictable normal conditions. Connecting links and end terminations are omitted in the analysis. Mechanical wear and special load effects at fairlead as well as corrosion are not taken into account. Abnormal conditions are to be covered by PLS. Response Analvsis The main excitation sources for the mooring line are the vessel motions in the mooring line plane at the upper terminal point (fairlead). For a given state of the environmental variables, the low-frequency (LF) motion is the result of vessel low-frequency surge, sway and yaw, while the wave-frequency (WF) motion is defined as the tangential motion transformed to the fairlead point. The tension caused by the pretension, offset due to mean environmental forces and the low-frequency motion may be calculated by quasi-static analysis from the actual line characteristics. The tension due to the tangential WF motions at the fairlead is computed by a dynamic analysis. The total tension at the upper terminal point is the sum of the quasi-static and dynamically calculated tension. Since both the quasi-static top tension due to low-frequency motion and the WF top tension are stochastic processes, some diffrcuhy arises in making this combination. An approach is adopted, based on Turkstra's hypothesis, which states that the extreme value of the combination is expected to occur when the extreme value of one of the components occurs. Two combinations are considered: CASE A: An extreme value of the quasi-static tension together with a local maximum of the WF tension CASE B: An extreme value of the WF tension together with a random value from the parent distribution of the quasi-static tension Note also that the WF tension is always conditional on the quasi-static tension. The combination is carried out in a short term, stationary en


1. IntroductionUnderstanding the phenomenon from an inter-disciplinary perspective may lead to learning a new dimension of the doping phenomenon, of some mechanisms and factors that may influence the athletes' behavior towardsfairplay attitudes. Obtaining this information about doping phenomenon by the research performed on the athletes in Iran allows that operational structures to build a scientific base for the educational interventions .The science of ps ychology cons iders pers onality the larges t and the mos t complex concept. The human personality is a hyper complex system of functions, processes and psychic mechanisms, expressed in consciousness, thinking, memory, attention, communication, affectivity, motivation, will and it actions us uallyunitary in behavior adequate to one's own needs and to keep the balance with the social-cultural ambiance. Radovanovic et al (1998) made a list of the reasons of doping use:a.Professional athletes: 1. doping exists and is an advantage for the performance; it is easy to purchas e the substances; the legal background shows holes; addiction may be added; 2. reasons related to athlete's personality: personality's structure, discontent related to inefficiency and lack of progress, attempts of coping with anxiety and stress, belief that others use doping too, incomplete ethical values, under other people's influence, lack of self confidence, not knowing the side effects. 3. reasons coming from athlete's environment: coaches, family, friends, audience, supporters, mass-media, society, financial and material benefits, national and politic grounds etc.b.Amateur athletes: - some of the above-mentioned might be less significant or absent - unsatisfactory perception over the phys ical appearance; fight to become exceptional (macho), s mall progres s of the res ults .Type A Behavior Pattern is specific to that group of subjects, who share a well-structured behaviors' ensemble, which characterizes their way of unders tanding the daily life, a behavior that is marked particularly by the competition spirit, eagerness for social or professional success, hyperactivity, impatience, time compressing feeling and tension translated into the facial mimicry, which could be interpreted as hostility towards the others. Type B is oppos ed to Type A (C. Levy-Leboyer, 1993).The targets of the educational interventions will be: high level amateur and professional athletes. The main purpose of this project was to assess the athlete's psychological factors towards the use of subs tances.Structure of personalityThe psychological literature treats personality from different points of view. One is the one of struct ure, cons idered as having cognitive, affective-motivational, learning components , adaptive and development mechanisms, communication, moral development, intelligence and decision etc. There is another point of view, the one of the personologists who study the diachronic of personality development and the theories characterizing it, focusing on individual's traits and attributes. Supporters of behaviorism, dynamic psychology, the psychology of self, cognitivism, humanism, and phenomenology described many aspects of the hyper complex system that is human pers onality.In our research theme we have decided to focus on the fundamental personality structure, especially on the theories of traits and types (Eys enck W ils on (1985) and M.I. Friedman and R.N. Ros enman ( 1974) and the way thes e interact with the s ocial environmentThe personality of elite athletesThe question asked in the middle of last century related to whether sport develops specific traits in the performer or these are structured in his private structure hasn't been answered yet categorically. Many decades of researches revealed that elite athletes are characterized by s ome "s tres s ed" traits , s uch as :-Reduced pro-social behavior (such as giving help or cooperation) and increased anti-social tendencies. …


Beam pattern resulting from Discrete Equispaced Unshaded Line Array method is to analyze the pattern of two-dimensional beam pivot at the angle of sound waves coming from the direction of origin on the axis of the received array, will affect the sound beam angle. This research was conducted in December 2016 in the Punggur Sea, Batam, Riau Islands-Indonesia, and its coordinate system is 104° 08.7102 E and 1° 03.2448 N until 1° 03.3977 N and 104° 08.8133 E, DEULA method in target 4 has the highest value in the directivity pattern is 21.08 dB. The results of the beam pattern model show that neither the central value at the incidence angle (°) of the directivity pattern (dB) were not at the 0 (zero) or the beam pattern central have been generated by the target 6 with incident angle -1.5° and 1.5°. In addition, it has declined by 40 dB. Highest result of line trace is target 1 with 191, 88 cm on target 1, and highest of time result is 13568 cm/second on target 4. Seismic figure of side scan sonar imagery have total line trace is 4479, time: 77.9547 cm/s, and gain: 0.00271091.


Simple Summary Chronic inflammation in the uterus after calving leads to reduced fertility in dairy cows, resulting in huge economic losses for dairy farmers as well as the premature removal of impacted animals. Correctly identifying and diagnosing affected cows allows for the appropriate and timely treatment of the condition. This study aimed to compare the concentrations of two factors associated with the early immune response in secretions collected from the uterus of cows with and without chronic uterine inflammation. One of these factors is known to cause (further) inflammation while its counterpart generally reduces inflammation in tissues. We found that the factor increasing inflammation was present in significantly higher concentrations in the uterus of cows diagnosed with prolonged uterine inflammation compared with cows without the inflammation. The factor reducing inflammation was present in similar concentrations in both groups of cows, but the ratio of the two measured proteins also differed between healthy and diseased cows. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of the two measured immune factors in the development of inflammation in the uterus, as well as their potential as a diagnostic tool. Abstract The adequate expression of cytokines is essential for the prevention and healing of bovine endometrial inflammation. This study investigated the intra-uterine concentration of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)1B and its antagonist IL1RA in cows with and without subclinical endometritis (SE). Samples were taken from 37 uteri at the abattoir and 26 uteri in vivo. Uterine secretion samples were classified as showing no signs of SE (SEneg; polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocyte (PMN) < 5%) or showing signs of SE (SEpos; PMN ≥ 5%). Concentrations and ratios for IL1B and IL1RA were measured using a commercial and a newly established AlphaLISA kit, respectively. In both groups, a higher concentration of IL1B was detected in the SEpos group compared with the SEneg group (abattoir: p = 0.027; in vivo p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the concentration of IL1RA (p > 0.05). In uterine secretion samples retrieved in vivo, a lower IL1RA/IL1B ratio was detected in the SEpos group compared with the SEneg group (p = 0.002). The results of this study highlight the important role of IL1B and IL1RA during endometritis and the potential of the IL1RA/IL1B ratio as a possible biomarker for SE.


Abstract : The Polar Ice Prediction System (PIPS) is an operational numerical model used for the daily prediction of ice drift and ice growth/decay in the Arctic. PIPS has as its basis the Hibler ice model and is driven by atmospheric forcing, geostrophic ocean currents and deep oceanic heat fluxes. The model is initialized once per week by the Naval Polar Oceanography Center's (NPOC) analysis of ice concentration. The existing method of initialization completely replaces the model derived concentration with the NPOC data. This study describes a new method, nonlinear regression, of blending the continuity equation and available data with the model derived concentration field to obtain a more realistic updated field. The final estimated ice concentration is the best fit among the equation and data. Since the NPOC ice edge and open water are based on field observation, they are assumed reliable and a weighting method is used to constrain them in regression. Errors which might occur in the digitized NPOC ice edge could be adjusted by weighting atmospheric forcing and/or the model derived concentration. Another advantage of the regression method is to include more available, related data such as the satellite ice concentration from the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Special Sensor Microwave Instrument (SSMI).


Fitness sharing based niching methods have been widely applied to multimodal optimization. However, they often suffer from the so-called niche radius problem as an improper selection of the niche radius may easily lead to suboptimal performance. To address such a problem, a diverse niche radii mechanism has been proposed in this paper. In the proposed algorithm, the radius of each niche will be individually adapted during the evolutionary process. This is achieved by devising and incorporating two operators, namely, niche combination and niche individual elimination, which are used to increase and decrease the radius of each niche, respectively. The proposed method has been evaluated on a set of standard functions. The results show that our method can significantly outperform related methods implemented for comparison.


Analogues of fundamental solutions and corresponding transition functions of Markov processes are constructed for parabolic equations with unbounded discontinuous coefficients satisfying certain dissipation conditions. In particular, an analytic construction of a Markov process of a stochastic model of quantum mechanics is obtained. Bibliography: 40 titles.


Energy efficiency is a proven, cost-effective strategy for helping address a surging demand for electricity and natural gas, lowering energy costs, reducing environmental impacts, and achieving a range of economic development and other benefits. One of the most promising and fastest-growing policy approaches for advancing energy efficiency in the utilities sector is the energy efficiency resource standard (EERS). Patterned after the popular renewable portfolio standard (RPS) concept, an EERS is a simple market-oriented policy mechanism for requiring the achievement of measurable amounts of energy efficiency savings. This paper describes the EERS concept and traces some of the factors behind its emergence as a leading new policy approach in the utility sector. It then summarizes the key elements of the EERS approaches that have been adopted (or are pending) in ten states around the nation. The remainder of the paper consists of discussion of several important strategic issues that must be addressed when developing an EERS policy, ranging from setting appropriate savings targets to providing for measurement and verification.


The article represents the results of obtaining composite compounds based on silicon dioxide, placed in an organic matrix of polystyrene. The following physical properties of the samples: Shore A hardness and hardness in the international system of units IRHD, the dielectric capacitivity are studied experimentally. We also obtained the information about the morphology of its surface.


The objective of the current paper is to incorporate the new class and concepts of convexity and Hermite–Hadamard inequality with the fuzzy Riemann integral operators because almost all classical single-valued and interval-valued convex functions are special cases of fuzzy-number valued convex mappings. Therefore, a new class of nonconvex mapping in the fuzzy environment has been defined; up and down -pre-invex fuzzy-number valued mappings (U.D -pre-invex F-N∙V∙Ms). With the help of this newly defined class, some new versions of Hermite–Hadamard (HH) type inequalities have been also presented. Moreover, some related inequalities such as HH Fejér- and Pachpatte-type inequalities for U∙D -pre-invex F-N∙V∙Ms are also introduced. Some exceptional cases have been discussed, which can be seen as applications of the main results. We have provided some nontrivial examples. Finally, we also discuss some future scopes.


IN TIME-BASED PROSPECTIVE MEMORY by ARLEN G. CLARK-FOOS (Under the Direction of Richard L. Marsh) ABSTRACT In the present research, key variables (i.e., temporal relevance and temporal uncertainty) from models of psychological short-term timing processes are applied to time-based prospective memory in order to investigate if they have an effect on clock checks or ultimate performance in these longer term intentions. Increasing temporal uncertainty resulted in more clock checks in Experiment 1 but this effect was mediated by the effect of temporal relevance in Experiment 2. The latter interaction supports the suggestion that temporal relevance exerts an overpowering effect on attention to time, resulting in a difference in susceptibility to the influence of temporal uncertainty. We discuss these results as they relate to both psychological models of time as well as the tenets of basic models of memory and attention.


Abstract Personal pronouns are among the most stable lexemes in the East Caucasian family, which consists of at least forty different languages distributed over eight well established branches, with nevertheless important variations and paradigmatic reshaping across branches, languages, and even dialects. The 1st and 2nd singular pronouns have been replaced or changed shape at least once in many subparts of the family, and the main 1st person singular innovation was apparently followed by areal spread. Most languages retain two different pronouns for the 1st person plural European pronoun, but the cognates are not always clear, suggesting that although clusivity is an inherited feature of East Caucasian pronominal paradigms, its history is complex, with various types of loss and renewal. This paper attempts to draw a fine-grained and accurate picture of these 1st person plural pronouns and their history within the larger setting of personal pronouns in general. Most individual stories behind variation across branches, languages and dialects provide reasons to see inclusive pronouns as prone to be maintained or renewed over time, whereas exclusive pronouns (1st person singular or plural) are specially targeted by avoidance and replacement processes.


Man has always been exposed to ionizing radiation from natural sources. The natural background exposure varies with the locations. No ill effects have been uniquely correlated. Either no deleterious effects are produced at these levels of exposure or their frequency is too low to be statistically observable. Direct source of information on radiation hazards in man is obviously based on follow up of population groups exposed to certain levels of radiation. Harmful effects of ionizing radiations recorded from exposed radiologists during 1920s and 30s, miners exposed to airborne radioactivity, workers in the radium industry, follow-up data of Japanese nuclear bomb survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Marshallese accident in 1954, and the victims of the limited number of accidents at nuclear installations including Chernobyl form the basis of data to develop various recommendations. From these various sources, the pattern of events that follows a total body exposure to a dose of ionizing radiation have been well documented. Mostly this information is from situations involving higher doses and dose rates. In the present study biochemical parameters of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase have been taken under consideration.


Preface. List of Contributors. Section 1. Descriptive Biology. Systematics and taxonomy (M.E. Harte). Shell structure and age determination (L.W. Fritz). Embryogenesis and organogenesis of veligers and early juveniles (M.R. Carriker). Anatomy and histology of Mercenaria mercenaria (A.F. Eble). Reproduction in Mercenaria mercenaria (A.G. Eversole). Genetics of hard clams, Mercenaria mercenaria (T.J. Hilbish). Section 2. Environmental Biology. Functional morphology and behavior of shelled veligers and early juveniles (M.R. Carriker). Physiological ecology of Mercenaria mercenaria (R.E. Grizzel, V.M. Bricelj, S.E. Shumway). Demography and dynamics of hard clam populations (S.R. Fegley). Integrating nutritional physiology and ecology to explain interactions between physics and biology in Mercenaria mercenaria (C.H. Peterson). Predators and predation (J.N. Kraeuter). Pests, parasites, diseases, and defense mechanisms of the hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria (S.E. Ford). Section 3. Fisheries, Aquaculture and Human Interactions. Management of hard clam stocks, Mercenaria mercenaria (J.L. McHugh+). A history of hard clamming (C.L. MacKenzie Jr., D.L. Taylor, W.S. Arnold). Aquaculture of the hard clam,Mercenaria(M. Castagna). Introduction of the hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) to the Pacific coast of North America with notes on its introduction to Puerto Rico, England, and France (K.K. Chew). References index. Species index. General index.


The embodiment of the invention discloses an authentication method and related equipment. When current service is required to be authenticated in the embodiment of the invention, identity recognition request information is transmitted to a second terminal through NFC (Near Field Communication), identity information returned by the second terminal through the NFC according to the identity recognition request information is received, then authentication information of the current service is acquired according to the identity information, and the current service is authenticated according to the authentication information, so that the trouble of manually inputting the authentication information by a user is saved, the authentication process becomes simple and convenient, the authentication time can be saved, the authentication flexibility is improved, and the accuracy for authentication can also be improved.


On November 19, 2008 the article entitled ''Terrorism or Tragicomedy?'' by Giorgio Agamben, appeared in Libération. In it he described how a few days earlier, some antiterrorist brigades had surrounded a small village in France called Tarnac and arrested a group of nine young people. They were charged with ''criminal association with terrorist intentions,'' one of the reasons being their language, which was extremely radical. When the police searched their farm they found along with their climbing gear, a SNCF train schedule. From this the police inferred that they were connected with sabotage activity against the TGV, France's high-speed train. The farm was organized as a commune. One of the names of this group is The Invisible Committee, another is Tiqqun (Hebrew, 'justice', 'restoration'), and their radical discourse is the main theme of The Coming Insurrection. It is divided into seven chapters, each of which constitutes a circle, like the seven circles of hell in the Divine Comedy. In the final pages they call for an insurrection— a new world order with society organized in communes. The book describes a capitalistic world characterized by a permanent global crisis at many levels, individual and social: generalized rioting, generalized depression, destruction of subjectivities via entertainment, isolation, ecological catastrophe, imminent collapse of all social ties. At the level of the economy, this permanent crisis amounts to mass unemployment and precarious jobs combined with constant demands for increase in productivity and growth. The people who inhabit this dystopian world are empty and can only see themselves in terms of human capital: as capable or not of producing value and consuming products. Partially following Guy Debord's diagnosis in The Society of Spectacle, The Coming Insurrection depicts a society in which the economy is not a separate sphere but a reality that affects everything human. Life under such conditions is completely subsumed by capital. Or, as Marx would have put it, after a certain stage of history, capitalism produces not only formal subsumption of social relations but also their real subsumption. The book calls for a new social organization in the form of communal living. What is to be avoided at all cost are political parties, trade unions, bureaucracies, as well as cultural, scientific and activist circles: ''they are the old people's homes where all revolutionary desires traditionally go to die'' (100), writes the Invisible Committee. Communes can appear anywhere, in every factory, street, village or school. They are the only spaces where a life free of capital can survive. They have to be small in size so that no hierarchies are established within. Communication inside is horizontal, in order to put an end to hegemony. One of the group's goals is that members will not have to work for profit but simply to earn a living. Another is the promotion of anonymity and invisibility: to be socially ''nothing.'' This does not imply a tragic form of misrecognition; it is, for the authors of the book, the sole condition for the maximum freedom of action.