Employing both the intraventricular and intraperitoneal injection techniques, 14C‐l‐lysine at non‐overloading concentrations was found to be metabolized to l‐14C‐pipecolic acid at significantly high levels in the rat. Labeled pipecolic acid in the brain and liver was only found at rather low levels 24 h after intraperitoneal administration of 14C‐l‐lysine regardless of non‐labeled lysine metabolite overload. A marked enhancement of pipecolic acid labeling was only found in the brain when 14C‐l‐lysine was intraventricularly administered to animals under various lysine metabolite overloads. While overloading doses of non‐labeled saccharopine or α‐aminoadipate did not significantly alter the labeling patterns of pipecolic acid in the brain, liver or urine when 14C‐l‐lysine was intraperitoneally administered, pipecolate overloading markedly reduced labeled pipecolic acid levels in the brain, liver and urine. These results indicate: pipecolic acid formation is subject to product inhibition, and saccharopine is not in the pathway of pipecolic acid synthesis from l‐lysine. The labeling pattern of lysine metabolites was not significantly affected by the overloading injection of pipecolic acid when 14C‐l‐lysine was intraventricularly administered suggesting a blood‐brain barrier for pipecolate. Besides 14C‐pipecolic acid, labeled α‐aminoadipic acid was also found at significant levels mostly in the brain. Labeled saccharopine was not detected in any tissues or urine samples analyzed. The 14C‐l‐lysine metabolic pattern of the newborn rats did not seem to be any different from the adult rats, i.e. labeled pipecolic acid was also detected in substantial quantities in the brain, liver and urine 5 h after injection. 14C‐d‐Lysine was mainly metabolized to l‐14C‐pipecolic acid through either route of administration. These experimental evidences indicate that the pipecolic acid‐forming pathway is a significant route for lysine metabolism in the rat, and that the rat brain probably utilizes this pathway mainly for lysine metabolism. The present study also discusses the potential neurological significance of the pipecolic acid pathway in relation to the major lysine metabolic pathway (the saccharopine pathway).


Activation of NF-κB requires the phosphorylation and degradation of its associated inhibitory proteins, IκB. Previously, we reported that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is required...


The present study investigates the parameters controlling the cooling process of acylindrical food in the storage area for a period of time. Transient analysis of theconduction and convection (conjugate) heat transfer from a cylindrical food, or acylindrical can filled with food is selected for numerical simulations. The cylinder isbounded by an adiabatic wall and the cold air is flowing normal to the cylinder axis (crossflow). The parameters investigated are: Reynolds number, food thermal properties(density, specific heat and thermal conductivity) and the cooling period. The range of theReynolds number is selected from 50 to 500 to be in laminar flow conditions. Threedifferent materials were selected according their thermal properties. The results arepresented to show the cooling process starting from blowing cold air stream on thecylinder for a period of 4 hours. The results show that the food with low thermal inertia iscooled faster than that of high thermal inertia. The present results show also that thecooling process can be shortened by increasing the air velocity and lower its temperature.


BACKGROUND
Mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) is a recommended treatment of comatose patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The aim of the study was to examine determinants of clinical outcome in OHCA survivors treated with MTH and variables associated with MTH induction time.

METHODS
Analysis of combined results from a retrospective and a prospective observational study including 90 OHCA survivors treated with MTH from January 2010 to March 2018. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine variables associated with poor neurologic outcome (Cerebral Performance Category 3-5), mortality, and prolonged induction time.

RESULTS
At hospital discharge, 59 patients (65.6%) were alive, of whom 36 (61%) had good neurologic outcome. Older patients (OR 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-1.12) with lower GCS (OR 0.49, 95%CI 0.30-0.80) were at higher risk of poor neurological outcome. The predictors of in-hospital death included: older age (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.13), lower GCS score (OR 0.47, 95%CI 0.25-0.85), presence of cardiogenic shock (OR 3.43, 95%CI 1.11-10.53), and higher doses of adrenaline (OR 1.27, 95%CI 1.04-1.56). Longer induction was associated with shorter cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) [Unstandardised coefficient -3.95, 95%CI -7.09-(-0.81)] and lower lactate level [Unstandardised coefficient -18.55, 95%CI -36.10-(-1.01)].

CONCLUSIONS
Unfavorable neurologic outcome in OHCA patients treated with MTH is associated with age and lower GCS score. Risk factors for in-hospital mortality include age, high-dose adrenaline administration, lower GCS score and presence of cardiogenic shock. CPR duration and lactate level were predictive of prolonged MTH induction time.


A polyacrylonitrile nanofiber (PAN NF) supported silver nanoparticles–graphitic carbon nitride (Ag NPs/g-C3N4) nanoparticles catalyst was fabricated by electrospinning technique. Structural and morphological studies indicate that the spherical Ag NPs present in the g-C3N4 material were well-dispersed on the surfaces of the PAN NFs or embedded in the PAN NFs without agglomerating. The catalytic potential of PAN/Ag NPs/g-C3N4 NFs was developed for oxidation of organic substrate such as styrene, -CH2 bonded molecules, and benzene under visible light. The visible-light-mediated activity of the catalyst could be aided by the photoactive nature of the g-C3N4 surface. PAN/Ag NPs/g-C3N4 NFs show good selectivity toward epoxide with higher conversion (98%) in the case of styrene oxidation. Further, ethylbenzene was oxidized to acetophenone with 99% conversion using H2O2. Additionally, the present material also shows excellent C–H oxidation of benzene (99%) into the desired phenol with higher selectivity. PAN/Ag NP...


Equality index was the basic tool for assessing the equality of primary public health services.In order to deal with the problems such as equality index in large and expert scoring uncertainty during the assessment,a novel effectiveness assessment method was proposed through using the triangular fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.First of all,the hierarchical structure was built.Furthermore,a quantitative method used in equality index layer and a computational method of system comprehensive weight was proposed respectively.Finally,a case study on primary public health services of A City was implemented.


Abstract Two unexpected features have been revealed by transmission electron microscopy investigations of deformed silicon bicrystals: (a) slip of a/2 〈110〉 dislocations on {001} planes and (b) non-dissociation of Lomer–Cottrell dislocations formed by intersecting slip dislocations.


Background Many girls experience physical and emotional symptoms during and immediately before their menstrual period. This study surveyed adolescent schoolgirls in East Delhi, India to determine where they receive education regarding menstruation and the menstrual cycle. We recorded who they are most likely to turn to for advice on menstrual issues; documented the most common menstrual problems they face; and what formal education they receive, with the aim of identifying the most common menstrual problems and their associated factors. of our The of the health – but only 4% (14) 87% of the study participants menstruation of normal frequency, defined as one cycle every 21-35 days, and 94% experience normal duration of 2-7 days. However, 91% experience painful menstruation, 96% experience premenstrual syndrome and 63% blood clots. Blood clots are significantly associated with younger age. role of school-based education on menstruation experiences and hygiene could be strengthened. Conclusion School-based health camps for reproductive health issues could encourage early health-seeking behaviour amongst adolescent girls if included as part of the school health programme. Schools should have a trained healthcare provider for counselling and managing menstrual problems experienced by adolescent schoolgirls. School toilets and sanitary facilities should be monitored and maintained appropriately by school authorities.


Analysis of pressure drawdown/buildup data from the Phase I 45-day production/45-day shutin test indicates (1) the presence of a linear barrier at approximately 3000 ft and (2) that the skin factor varies widely during the test. The linear barrier appears to correspond to a mapped growth fault. The physical mechanism responsible for the apparent variation of skin factor has not been identified. The formation parameters derived from the buildup data have been employed in the MUSHRM simulator to successfully history-match the Phase I pressure and flow data.


This paper is concerned with taxation on resource extraction from a finite collection of deposits of uncertain size. The tax system may distort the optimal order of extraction and result in a great loss to society. Specifically, the way the Norwegian tax regime treats foreign firms may discriminate against certain prospects. After a formal presentation of the problem, the authors provide a simple decision rule indicating where to allocate effort under given circumstances. The optimal strategy turns out to be of an index type; i.e., each deposit is indexed by a certain number (a reservation price) depending on its current state, and at any time the deposit having the highest index should be worked on first. Then they examine the comparative statics of how the optimal schedule will change as a result of modifications in the problem data. They also consider the distortive effects of a nonneutral tax system and, finally, comment on the Norwegian tax regime. 6 references, 1 table.


Organizational Surveys An Overview Identifying Survey Content Creating the Survey, Part One Writing Survey Items Creating the Survey, Part Two Response Alternatives, Item Order, Survey Length, and Response Biases Selecting Survey Respondents Organizational Survey Administration Fielding the Survey Monitoring and Maximizing Response Rates Data Processing Analyzing Data and Interpreting Results Presentation of Survey Findings


To make clear the pathogen species and pathogenic differentiation of Cytospora spp.in apple trees,153 isolates of Cytospora spp.collected and isolated from eight different apple production areas of Hebei province were studied in this experiment.Twelve isolates were selected as representatives according to colony color,mycelia growth rate and mycelia density,to test the pathogenicity.The results indicated that there was significant difference in colony color,mycelia growth rate and mycelia density between different isolates.All isolates could be divided into 7 kinds according to the colony color,with pale yellow and yellow kinds most.70.59% of all isolates had medium growth rate,and the aerial hyphae of 57.52% was developed.The virulence of different colony color isolates was significantly different.Pale yellow and yellow-white colony isolates had stronger virulence when the colony growth rate was similar.The colony growth rate had positive effect on the virulence when the colony color was the same.There was no significant effect of the mycelia density on the virulence of different isolates.These results indicated that Cytospora spp.isolated from apple trees in Hebei had diversity and different virulence.


Objective To discuss which kind of anti-slice escaping agentia is more practical,comparing be-tween Poly-L-Lysine and APES.Methods 100 routine paraffin wax tissue samples for immunohistochemistrical stain were chosen randomly from Oct,2006 to Jan,2007 to slice the sample 4μm serial sections,taking slides which stained by Poly-L-Lysine and APES as microscope slides to perform immunohistochemistrical stain and to compare the anti-slice escaping results.Results The ratio of losing slices is 5% stained by Poly-L-Lysine,and the ratio of losing slices is 1% stained by APES.Conclusion APES is more economic.The slides stained by it can preserve longer and the result of anti-slice escaping is better.At complicated objective circumstances,the superiority in anti-slice escaping results of APES is more predominant.It is recommended to take APES as anti-slice escaping agentia in the process of immunohistochemistrical stain.


A firm's potential reward in future time from a customer can be determined by customer lifetime value (CLV). There are some mathematic methods to calculate it. One method is using Markov chain stochastic model. Here, a customer is assumed through some states. Transition inter the states follow Markovian properties. If we are given some states for a customer and the relationships inter states, then we can make some Markov models to describe the properties of the customer. As Markov models, CLV is defined as a vector contains CLV for a customer in the first state. In this paper we make a classification of Markov Models to calculate CLV. Start from two states of customer model, we make develop in many states models. The development a model is based on weaknesses in previous model. Some last models can be expected to describe how real characters of customers in a firm.


Residential customers have traditionally not been treated as individual entities due to the high volatility in residential consumption patterns as well as a historic focus on aggregated loads from the utility and system feeder perspective. Large-scale deployment of smart meters has motivated increasing studies to explore disaggregated daily load patterns, which can reveal important heterogeneity across different time scales, weather conditions, as well as within and across individual households. This paper aims to shed light on the mechanisms by which electricity consumption patterns exhibit variability and the different constraints that may affect demand-response (DR) flexibility. We systematically evaluate the relationship between daily time-of-use patterns and their variability to external and internal influencing factors, including time scales of interest, meteorological conditions, and household characteristics by application of an improved version of the adaptive K-means clustering method to profile"household-days"of a summer peaking utility. We find that for this summer-peaking utility, outdoor temperature is the most important external driver of the load shape variability relative to seasonality and day-of-week. The top three consumption patterns represent approximately 50% of usage on the highest temperature days. The variability in summer load shapes across customers can be explained by the responsiveness of the households to outside temperature. Our results suggest that depending on the influencing factors, not all the consumption variability can be readily translated to consumption flexibility. Such information needs to be further explored in segmenting customers for better program targeting and tailoring to meet the needs of the rapidly evolving electricity grid.


The capacity to make choice means agency that has no place in a world governed by closed laws unless one considers psychophysical parallelism (PP) that excludes causal interaction between mind and body. In this view, mental and physical phenomena are two aspects of the same reality like two sides of a coin. This paper discusses PP from many different perspectives and stresses the earliest articulation of it in the Vaiśeṣika Sūtra of Kaṇāda. PP was once a dominant philosophical view in Europe also but now has been relegated to the margins. According to Moritz Schlick, PP is the "epistemological parallelism between psychological conceptual system on the one hand and a physical conceptual system on the other. The 'physical world' is just the world that is designated by means of the system of quantitative concepts of the natural sciences." The idea is in an old one having been first enunciated as samavāya (inherence) in. PP is consistent with complementarity and indeed the inspiration for it.


This chapter reviews the literature on cross-sex friendships and communication across the life cycle. It begins by establishing the importance and historical relevance of cross-sex friendships and the relative neglect of these relationships by the scholarly community. It then offers a delineation of conceptual and methodological issues involved in the study of male-female friendships. Next, with a focus on communication, studies are reviewed on cross-sex friendships in early childhood, middle and late childhood, adolescence, young and middle adulthood, and old age. Finally, the author makes some summarizing observations concerning the lack of theory in cross-sex friendship studies, the adoption of a "heterosexist" worldview in cross-sex friendship investigations, and the relative neglect of communication topics pertinent to those friendships. The central observation in the chapter is that cross-sex friendships have a protean quality that makes them significantly different in each stage of the life cycle, ...


This volume contains papers writen on the interpretation of notarial deeds from different perspectives: real estate, family law and company law.


[Objective] To optimize technique for extracting procyanidins from apple pericarp assisted by microwave.[Method] Procyanidins from the apple pericarp was extracted by microwave-assisted method.Based on single factor test,the effect of ethanol concentration,extraction temperature,microwave time,solid/liquid ratio(W/V),microwave power on the extraction rate of procyanidins from the apple pericarp was studied according to L16(45) orthogonal test.[Result] The results showed that factors influencing the extraction of procyanidins from the apple pericarp by microwave-assisted method were in the order as follows: solid/liquid ratio(W/V)ethanol concentrationextraction temperaturemicrowave powermicrowave time,the optimum extracting conditions of procyanidins from the apple pericarp by microwave-assisted were adding ten times amount 50% ethanol and extracting for 5 minutes at 80 ℃ and 120 W power by microwave,the extraction rate of procyanidins was 2.86 mg/g under the above optimal extracting conditions.[Conclusion] The study will provide theoretical basis for improving apple pericarp utilization rate and producing procyanidins with high added value.


Introduction: Vaccination status of slum newborn and infant is far from being satisfactory. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess the age appropriate immunization status of infants and to explore the impact of socio-demographic factors on immunization status in various slum areas of Amritsar city. Methods: A total of 30 clusters of 7 infants each were studied to make a sample of 210 units. Age appropriate immunization status of infants and socio-demographic factors related to it were stud


BACKGROUND/AIM
To compare the reinforcement and strengthening ability of resilon, gutta-percha, and ribbond in endodontically treated roots of immature teeth.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Sixty five freshly extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were prepared with a Peeso no. 6 to simulate immature teeth (Cvek's stage 3 root development). After instrumentation, each root was irrigated with sodium hypochlorite and with ethylene diamino tetra acetic acid to remove the smear layer. To simulate single visit apexification technique a 4-5 mm white Pro Root mineral trioxide aggregate plug was placed apically using schilder carrier. The teeth were divided into three experimental groups and one control group. Group I--control group (root canals instrumented but not filled); Group II--backfilled with thermoplastisized gutta-percha using AH plus sealer; Group III--reinforced with Resilon using epiphany sealer; Group IV--reinforced with Ribbond fibers using Panavia F luting cement. A Universal Testing Machine was used to apply a load, at the level of the lingual cementoenamel junction with a chisel-shaped tip The peak load to fracture was recorded and statistical analysis was completed using student's t-test.

RESULTS
Values of peak load to fracture were 1320.8, 1604.88, 1620, and 1851 newtons for Group I to Group IV respectively. The results of student's t-test, revealed no significant difference (P > 0.05,) between Group II and Group III. Comparison between Group IV and Group III and between Group IV and Group II revealed highly significant difference (P > 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Teeth reinforced with Ribbond fibers using Panavia F luting cement showed the highest resistance to fracture. Resilon could not strengthen the roots and showed no statistically significant difference when compared with thermoplastisized gutta-percha in reinforcing immature tooth when tested with universal testing machine in an experimental model of immature tooth.


Loh, Tait, Timmons and Zhou introduced the notion of induced Turán numbers, defining ex(n, {H,F -ind}) to be the greatest number of edges in an n-vertex graph with no copy of H and no induced copy of F . Their and subsequent work has focussed on F being a complete bipartite graph. In this short note, we complement this focus by asymptotically determining the induced Turán number whenever H is not bipartite and F is not an independent set nor a complete bipartite graph.


The design scheme of a distributed inverter refrigeration control system based on RS-485 communication network is introduced emphatically from system structure and writing communication program. On base of communication protocol of RS-485 used for FUJI inverter, the serial communication protocol macro of RS-485, which always consists of three communication steps including setting communication parameters, running instructions and monitoring data, is developed by means of CX-Protocol. Furthermore, a OMRON CQM1H PLC controls six inverters by serial communication and monitors real-time the running status of all inverters. Finally the result of refrigeration is good.


Digital Image Processing is one of the required professional courses of Remote Sensing Science and Technology Specialty.According to professional character,curriculum and teaching requirements,teaching practice was given,such as teaching material,teaching content,teaching skill,teaching method and experimental teaching.And several aspects to strengthen in the teaching of Digital ImageProcessing were brought out.


The utility model discloses an intelligent home system based on LonWorks which comprises an I/O equipment layer formed by an executing device and a sensor, a controller and a computer layer, wherein the I/O equipment layer accesses the controller connected with the computer layer, the computer layer comprises an iLon100 server connected with the controller through a LonWorks bus, an iLon600 router, a computer and a monitor computer which accesses a LonWorks network through Internet. In the intelligent home system based on LonWorks, a field bus technology which is latest in the prior technicalfield of computer control is applied to a new technology of traditional field of electric installation, traditional electrical apparatuses such as panel switches, curtains, sockets and the like are intelligentized, and intelligent control contrasted with home electrical apparatuses is efficiently realized, thereby achieving the effects of safety, energy saving and humanization.


According to the different number of drivers and degrees of freedom after extensive literature analysis and research,the anthropomorphic hand is divided into the dexterous hand and the underactuated hand.In this paper,the two kinds of hands are mainly discussed in following aspects:current situation,main characters,key technologies,major problems,trends and the field of application.By comparing the two anthropomorphic hands,the follow conclusions are obtained:first,the dexterous hand has a higher ability to manipulate and grab an object with a complex structure and control system as well as a high cost,usually used in the occasion requiring sophisticated manipulation.Second,the under-actuated hand is simple on their structure and control system,also acceptable for manipulating and grabbing objects,and has a powerful self-adaptability when holding objects.


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Adrian Nelson-Pratt runs The Veterinary Business Consultancy, which offers business development support, coaching, mentoring and leadership training to the profession.

Moore's law states that the processing power of a computer chip doubles every two years and it would have been difficult to conceive of what the iPhone XS can do today back when the original iPhone launched just 12 years ago. Technological development is inexorable and we're feeling the pace in the veterinary world too.

When the RCVS started its telemedicine consultation in early 2017 and reported back to its council in the summer of that year, it was noted that the area of telemedicine was poorly defined, rapidly evolving and it would be years before technologies reached the veterinary market. Decisions were made about how the profession should investigate and potentially …

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Costing is an important issue in a competitive world. Many companies had adopted TDABC for better cost visibility. Assembly is very common activity in the small scale industries SSI. In a SSI, many...


A myelodysplastic syndrome defined by 10-19% blasts in the bone marrow or 5-19% blasts in the blood. Approximately 33% of cases progress to acute leukemia. The prognosis is usually poor.


Objective:To investigate the effect and the mechanism of pravastatin on the function of vascular endothelium in elder patients with old myocardial infarction.Methods:Sixty elder patients with old myocardial infarction were randomly divided into two groups.30 patients were treated with pravastatin for 6 weeks(P group),and 30 were the controls (C group).Blood lipids (TC,TG,LDL C,HDL C), Plasma NO and ET, expression of platelet αgranule memberane protein 140(GMP 140) were measured before and after treatment in both groups.The endothelial dependent dilatation(FMD%) and drug mediated vasodilation(GTN%) of brachial artery were detected by vascular ultrasonograph. Results:In P group, TC and LDL C were decreased after treatment, HDL C was increased,but there wasn't any change in TG concentration. The functions of endothelium were improved, the expression of GMP 140 was inhibited too.but there weren't any relation between the expression of GMP 140 and blood cholesterol.Conclusion:Beside of the effect of adjustment on blood cholesterol, pravastatin can inhibite platelet activation which may be the main cause in improving the function of vascular endothelium and cardiovascular events.


We present an upgraded circulating loop to simply account for the actual impact of the different channels optical routings when assessing the transmission performance in the WDM transparent networks.


OBJECTIVE
To probe into the relationship between receptors on the body surface of Cryprinus carpiods and meridians and acupoints of Chinese medicine.

METHODS
Six Cryprinus carpiods [body length: (4.0 +/- 0.4) cm] purchased from the market were put into a glass container filling with 30 micromol/L DiA [4-(4-Diethylaminostyryl)-N-Methylpyridinium Iodide] water solution for 2 hours and then anaesthetized (with 2% aether) for observation under fluorescent microscope. Another 6 Cryprinus carpiods [body length: (8.1 +/- 0.6) cm] were put into a pool with 30 micromol/L DiA water solution for 7 days and then anaesthetized for microscopic observation.

RESULTS
1) The DiA-labeled spots appeared on Cryprinus body surface regularly distributing in discontinuous lines, some of them gathered together to form clusters. The labeled spots around the eyes distributed in radial style and in linear arrangement along the margin of the gill cover. On the body trunk, the labeled clusters distributed in linear arrangement along the longitudinal axis of the body and formed 14 lines approximately. 2) In Cryprinus carpiods fed in water with DiA for 7 days, the labeled receptors clearly showed some neuronfibrae.

CONCLUSION
The areatus distribution and linear arrangement of receptors on the body surface in Cryprinus carpiods are similar to those of acupoints and meridians described in the human body in Chinese medicine.


Debatable issues that are related to the definition of investigative (search) actions, as means of an information support of the process of an investigation, are considered in the article. The paper focuses on the lack of a clear definition in the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine for the list of investigative (search) actions, which leads to the ambiguous understanding in theory and practice. Several proposals for the possibility of a normative regulation of the list of investigative (search) actions and implementation of regulations of certain dispositions of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, which are of a general nature and apply to several investigative actions, are substantiated.


Taxonomy is at its crossroads in choosing criteria forclassification of taxa. The debate about recognition ofparaphyletic vs. monophyletic taxa and its nomenclatur-al consequences is continuing and is keenly disputed, ase.g., reflected by recent articles and opinion papers inTAXON (Brummitt, 2002, 2003, 2006; Nelson & al.,2003; Dias & al., 2005; Nordal & Stedje, 2005; Potter F Brummitt, 2002, 2006; Mayr & Bock,2002).In their recent review, Mayr & Bock (2002) outlinedcomprehensively the basic conceptual differences ofevolutionary (Darwinian) and cladistic (Hennigian) clas-sification. Darwinian classification requests the consid-eration of two criteria—similarity


and intellectuals in the seventeenth century like Mulla Sadra and his student Mulla Muhsin Fayz Kashani; this foundation, in turn, was expanded and elaborated by the likes of Shah Muhammd Darabi (d. 1718), ʿAli-Naql Istahbanati (d. 1714), and Sayyid Qutb al-Din Nayrizi (d. 1760). By the close of the eighteenth century, ʿirfan was understood to be a unique mysto-philosophical approach to understanding the unique hidden Truth enshrined not necessarily in institutional Sufism (tasawwuf), but within Twelver Shiism. This appropriation of ʿirfan by Twelver Shiite intellectuals was a profound development, and the remainder of Anzali's book examines (in chapters 5 and 6) how this epistemological shift was concretized and institutionalized across Iranian madrasas, hauzas, and other intellectual discursive spaces through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Ata Anzali's book is an invaluable contribution in that it not only sheds light on a complicated tradition being debated and contested among philosophers and Sufi-theosophists but it also contextualizes the importance of ʿirfan in religiopolitical discourse during the earlier Pahlavi period and as contemporary Iran plots its post-revolutionary future. Additionally, we must applaud the author for underscoring the importance of approaching terms like ʿirfan as more than simple synonyms for mysticism, or Sufism, but as complex notions which themselves can be moulded, defined, and applied differentially on the basis of a wide array of contexts.


A thorough search for electrocatalysts for anodic oxygen evolution from caustic potash solution together with an investigation for the main reasons of ohmic potential drops in the interelectrode gap has lead to a new concept for an advanced medium temperature (150° to 200°C), medium pressure (30 to 100 bars) alkaline water electrolysis. The new concept will allow electrolytic water decomposition at temperatures between 160° and 200°C with current densities of 1 to 1.5 A/cm2 and cell voltages between 1.55 and 1.65 V.


The invention discloses a drawing method of historical forest fire distribution of a power transmission line. The drawing method comprises step 1, determining a regional coordinate; step 2, collecting fire point data; step 3, collecting the layer information; step 4, performing square grid division; step 5, screening original data; step 6, processing grid data; step 7, performing forest fire classification; step 8, performing interpolation calculation; step 9, performing distribution extraction; step 10, performing geographic trend layer superposition of the power transmission line. According to the drawing method of the historical forest fire distribution of the power transmission line, the method is clear and operability and practicability are strong; the forest fire distribution of any province or region at any time in the history can be drawn; the coverage is wide and the positioning is accurate; the statistics is convenient, the calculation speed is improved, and the accuracy is also improved; the distribution rule of fire points of a forest fire of the power transmission line at any time can be visually displayed, prevention and control resources can be reasonably distributed, and the capability for dealing with emergency forest fire disasters of a power grid can be improved.


The focus was to evaluate the Inertial Dissipation Method (IDM) over land duringunstable conditions. This was done by comparing the friction velocity, u*, from theeddy-correlation method (ECM) with ...


This research attempts to analyze the pre-service teachers' digital literacy self-efficacy in terms of various variables. The research used descriptive survey model, one of the survey models. The participants of the research consisted of 251 pre-service teachers learning at the departments of classroom teaching and social sciences teaching at a state university in Turkey. The participants were selected by convenience sampling method. The research employed Personal Information Form and Digital Literacy Self-Efficacy Scale as data collection tools. Descriptive statistical, t-test, one-way analysis of variance were used during data analysis. The research results revealed that the pre-service teachers' digital literacy self-efficacy levels significantly differed across their gender, department, the presence of computer and internet at home; whereas, no significant difference was identified across the pre-service teachers' digital literacy self-efficacy levels in terms of their class level, university entrance score type and the purposes of using technology.


Details of the features of light scattering from ice particles formed via condensation by homogeneous nucleation are presented. An argon‐ion laser is used, and the results indicate that dipole or Rayleigh scattering is applicable to the situation under study. In addition, measurements of the number and the mean radius of the particles are made.


The quality of inferences made from geostatistical data is affected significantly by the spatial locations, or design, of the sites that are sampled. A large body of published work exists on sampling design for univariate geostatistics, but not for multivariate geostatistics. This article considers multivariate spatial sampling design based on criteria targeted at classical co-kriging (prediction with known covariance parameters), estimation of covariance (including cross-covariance) parameters, and empirical co-kriging (prediction with estimated covariance parameters). Through a combination of analytical results and examples, we investigate the characteristics of optimal designs with respect to each criterion, addressing in particular the design's degree of collocation. We also consider the robustness of the optimal design to the strength of spatial correlation and cross-correlation; the effects of smoothness and/or separability of the sampled process on the optimal design; the relationship between optimal designs for the multivariate problems considered here and univariate problems considered previously; and the efficiency of optimal collocated designs. One key finding is that optimal collocated designs are highly efficient in many cases. Supplementary materials are available online.


Abstract—This paper presents the development of a device which can analyze and replicate Human motion on different robotic devices. The system uses contact based sensors which gather data related to position, velocity and acceleration of different joints of human arm and transmit it to a central processor which adapts the data to perform necessary motion on the robot. The system can be used in daily activities and industry for training robots without much knowledge. Keywords—Motion Adaptation, Control of Robotic Arms, Wearable Control Devices


Froude-supercritical flow over a flat, erodible bed with copious transport of sediment in suspension appears to be fundamentally unstable. Under a broad range of conditions the flow and bed co-evolve into a series of spatially periodic, or cyclic steps. Each step has a gently sloping Froude-subcritical upstream portion followed by a steeply sloping Froude-supercritical downstream portion, ending in a hydraulic jump which reduces bed shear stress to the threshold value for bed erosion. The steps migrate upstream while preserving form, with net erosion over most of the supercritical region and net deposition over most of the subcritical region. Erosion and deposition balance over one wavelength, so that no average bed erosion results. The successive passage of steps reworks the bed, however, to a depth corresponding to the height of the steps. In the case of silt, the morphology has a strongly step-like character. With fine sand, however, the steps can devolve into the limiting case of chute-and-pool morphology, for which the region of supercritical flow is not so steep.


Again, the notion of "circular migration" as a process of rationalization of migrations with job motivation is reappearing. It is a concept that produces both favourable and adverse reactions among researchers. Like so many proposals, their strengths and weaknesses depend more on how is realized its regulation and its practical application than on their content and potential. A substantial part of migration corresponds to socio-economic reasons, associated with job mobility. For this type of migration, the break with the cultural


Pulmonary characteristics differ in patients, and the suitable setting of ventilation condition is needed for every patient in the artificial respiration. The pulmonary elastance is one of the important features of lung, and it is a basis for deciding the air-way pressure limit value. In this study, an estimation method for pulmonary elastance is proposed based on functional type SIRMs fuzzy reasoning, and represent a static P-V curve needed for the parameter setting of the respirator. Furthermore, this paper presents a choice of the fuzzy variables influencing to estimation results, and the effectiveness of the suggested technique is illustrated by an estimation example using real patient data.


Between 1940 and 1944 the US government placed $175.066 billion of prime defence contracts with US corporations. Two-thirds of these awards went to only 100 companies and 20% to only five companies leading to charges that the prime contractors were favoured. This article examines the common stock returns of World War II prime contractors relative to broad market indices and to the returns on the non-prime contractors in the same industry. The analysis begins in 1938 with the Anschluss and ends with the 1950 outbreak of the Korean War. Little evidence is found to support the charges.


Urea is applied as an ammonia source for SCR on diesel vehicles, but incomplete urea decomposition may lead to insufficiency of NH3 and deposition of solid by-products. To improve the...


The relationship between the role of the CEO, and corporate risk, innovation, and performance, has been explored in prior literature. However, a majority of the research takes an agency view of the role of the CEO, considering CEO compensation as a major factor in organizational outcomes. Empiric results have been mixed, and sometimes, contradictory. The role of the CEO in relation to firm outcomes is especially complex in the information technology industry. We propose a model rooted in stewardship theory, which adopts a behavioral rather than an economic view of the CEO, to explain how CEOduality is linked to corporate risk, innovation, and firm performance. Results from testing our model from an archival sample of 377 companies with 2015 firm-year observations support each of our hypotheses.


The goal of this article is to demonstrate that mediation don`t contemplate exclusively as purpose the resolution of conflicts; gets expanded to receive the aspect denominated as recognition of the human person in its anthropologic meaning, escaping from the mere legal definition of the owner of rights and obligations. The recognition of the other, adopted in the context of conflict management, contributes not only to the controversy back it up to the result of zero-sum resulting from the traditional concept of Justice, but also to individuals and  society  by  adopting  targeted  actions  for  mutual  understanding,  achieve  their independence, but also preserving interpersonal and social relations, in the true sense of co- existential justice. It is an exploratory article, which employ bibliographic research technique and social analysis of Law and also the systemic method of approach.


Educators in Iran are attempting an educational revolution through the use of media to bridge the gap between needs for higher education graduates and a woefully short supply of them. A massive growth of the economy has fueled a continuing crisis in providing adequately trained professionals for the nation. One answer has been the creation of the Free University of Iran. Local Centers equipped with instrumentation will form a network modeled after the Open University in England and Mid-America University in the United States.


This study aimed to determine the effect of using learning strategies on piano performance self-efficacy levels and performance success among piano students. The study group comprised first year students (n = 20) receiving piano course in the fall semester of the 2019–2020 academic year in the Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Education, Department of Fine Arts, Program of Education Music Education. The study used an experimental research design and data were collected using the Self-Efficacy Scale of Piano Performance and an observation form. The study results indicated that there were significant differences in favor of the experimental group regarding piano performance success, comparing the post-test scores of the experimental group, in which activities were performed for the use of learning strategies in piano course, and the control group, which received education in a regular process. However, no statistically significant difference was found between piano performance self-efficacy levels of the experimental and control groups. The study revealed that the use of learning strategies in piano education did not play a role in the piano performance self-efficacy level, but that it was much more effective in increasing students' piano performance success than the existing process-based education.


[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Lewis A. Dulitz, vice president of accounting policies and research at Covidien--a $10.7 billion health care products company with 42,000 employees in more than 60 countries--was part of a team that implemented the necessary technology changes in Europe to help Covidien convert to IFRS and led a similar team in the U.S. He answered questions from the JofA about the experience and provided advice for other companies to consider. JofA: Why did Covidien begin its IFRS implementation? Dulitz: In December 2008, Covidien announced it was relocating its principal executive office from Bermuda which reports in U.S. GAAP--to Ireland, where local companies were required to file with the Irish authorities in accordance with either IFRS or Irish GAAP We were preparing to file in accordance with IFRS beginning with our fiscal 2009 year-end for local purposes while maintaining our SEC filings in accordance with U.S. GAAP Recently a change in Irish law extended our ability to use U.S. GAAP for our Irish filings, but we have continued to prepare internally for IFRS implementation. JofA: Explain the planning process involved with technology considerations. Dulitz: Our director of Information Services is a key member of our core project team. Once our accounting differences were identified, we discussed the type of information that we would need from each application and how best to extract the data (for example, systemic reporting vs. a workaround). This approach helped us quickly narrow the scope of impacted applications. There is not a lot of information on which applications are best suited for IFRS--either with our existing ERP systems or new systems we were considering purchasing--or what challenges you will face during your implementation. The key feature to consider is flexibility. Most companies will continue to have the requirement to report U.S. GAAP results for a transitional period, so companies must figure out how to best layer on IFRS information without compromising the integrity of their U.S. GAAP data. We also used a publication by Ernst & Young to compare differences in our inventory listing of applications and planned purchases. This publication highlights certain IFRS "gotchas" in various applications like Oracle, SAP and PeopleSoft. JofA: Can you give a few examples of systems that were impacted? (See Exhibit 1 for a summary of examples.) Dulitz: Fixed-asset ledger: Let's say you own a building with a historical cost of $40 million. Most U.S. companies would account for the building on a composite basis, meaning one asset record in the fixed-asset ledger with one useful life, typically 40 years. The theory behind componentization is that significant parts of large assets like buildings or manufacturing equipment have different useful lives. This is akin to a cost segregation study for tax reporting. In the example of the owned building, it is not probable that the roof, heating and air conditioning system or elevators will last 40 years, so they will be identified separately from the building structure, assigned a relative fair value and their own useful life. The resulting income statement impact is accelerated depreciation expense as the asset is being depreciated over a shorter aggregate useful life. We approached componentization by looking at our historical data to evaluate what a component is. This process involved extracting millions of lines of data and segmenting the data into different asset value ranges. We then met with our subject matter experts to agree upon the definition of a component and align useful lives. The next challenge was to determine what system and process modifications should be made. Systems considerations for fixed assets include: * Does your system limit the total number of fixed-asset records? * Will you be able to systemically calculate incremental depreciation expense for your opening balance sheet assets that you componentize, or will you use Excel? …


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This research article attempts to build an intelligent system for library activities specially library classification in the automated environment. Basically this approach is highly interdisciplinary one encompassing Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Expert Systems (ES), the branches of Artificial Intelligence (AI). An overview on computer programming languages mentioning the advantages of declarative language over the procedural language in respect of AI based programming is given. The usage of logic based representation of knowledge in the field of Library and Information Science with a special reference to library classification is mentioned. Describes the procedure of logic programming mentioning the reason of choosing PROLOG (Programming in Logic), a declarative language, for developing knowledge base and rules for expert systems. Mentions also the reason of using first order predicate logic (FOPL) for this purpose. A new line of thinking is introduced for betterment of the library works and services. Discusses the importance of declarative programming language for developing AI based system. Shows the method of declaring facts in the form of frame and developing rules for constructing classification number using to Prolog code. A small knowledge base and a few rules as sample for developing an automatic library classification system and its functioning techniques are demonstrated as case study of analytico synthetic classification.


A 150 GHz interferometer system has been developed, and is being used, to gain new insights into many aspects of fluorescent lamps discharges. This presentation describes results of the application of the interferometer to studies of the negative glow plasma, especially with regard to plasma-electrode coupling. In a related presentation, details are provided of the interferometer's setup, function, and performance. Through measurements of the electron density in the vicinity of the electrode, the interferometer can sense effects of the beam electrons. These are a subset of the electrons which, after having been emitted from the electrode, acquire significant energy when traversing the electrode sheath, and emerge into the bulk plasma where they excite and ionize mercury atoms. Through this process, they create and sustain the near-electrode plasma. When lamp current is time-varying, the interferometer senses variations in bulk electron density that are, in part, related to variations in beam electron energy, a consequence of the variations in electrode sheath potential that are necessary for supporting the current changes. Thus, inferences can be drawn from interferometer measurements which provide insight into the this key plasma-electrode coupling mechanism. Augmentation by additional diagnostics (e.g., floating probes and electrode temperature), provides additional insight. In the course of these studies, electron density measurements were acquired for different modes of lamp operation, as characterized by variations in the driving current (e.g., waveform shape, frequency, amplitude) and by the presence or absence of auxiliary electrode heating. In addition, measurements were acquired over a range of positions in the lamp in order to see the contrasting behaviors of the near- electrode and positive column plasmas. Measurements were acquired during the plasma build-up time following ignition, the steady-state plasma, and the afterglow plasma. Many of these measurements are shown, and interpretations gleaned from these measurements, are discussed.


Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of the common pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection so as to provide scientific reference for clinical reasonable use of antibacterial agents. Methods The identification of bacteria and antibacterial sensitivity tests of the isolates were performed by VITEK 2 compact measurement system. Results Gram- negative bacilli were the major pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection, accounted for 77.78%(455 strains), of which Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for 41.88%(372 strains)and 14.53%(85 strains), respectively.Drug resistances of Escherichia coli to 18 antibacterial agents showed different. The resistance rates of Escherichia coli to imipenem, ertapenem, amikacin, cefotetan, ampicillin- sulbactam, ciprofloxacin, and piperacillin/ tazobactam were the lowest, which were 4.90%, 6.12%, 6.53%, 6.94%, 7.10%, 7.84%, and 8.57%, respectively. Conclusions Escherichia coli is the main pathogenic bacterium causing urinary tract infection. The pathogenic bacteria of urinary tract infection show significantly different drug resistance. Clinicians should reasonably use antibacterial agents based on the results of clinical laboratory tests so as to reduce the drug resistance of bacteria.


In article the step-by-step technology of using multidimensional scaling methods and a clustering is considered. Sharing of these methods allows to gain bigger effect rather than from their using separately. Algorithms of the hierarchical and nonhierarchical cluster analysis and also multidimensional scaling methods are described. The comparative analysis with existing methods such as classifi cation, the factorial and component analysis is made. The description of the Euclidean and Manhattan metrics is provided. Work of the cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling is graphically represented as separately and shared step-by-step technology. Dividing enterprises onto clusters and plotting as points on two-dimensional confi guration produced after using step-by-step application of the described methods. Specifi ed basic distinctions between multidimensional scaling methods and cluster analysis and arguments for their sharing are given in article.


Abstract This article is one of very few attempts to empirically measure legal interpretation. It maps the application of eleven interpretation elements (good faith, ordinary meaning, object and purpose, etc.) in Articles 31 and 32 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT) across ten International Criminal Court case studies. The elements were coded for identity and sequence of element, and amount of text used in applying each element. The mapping and analysis reveal, among other things, that the application of the VCLT across cases is markedly inconsistent and, in some instances, opaque and arguably unjustifiable. The results suggest, at least based on this small sample, that the ICC's current practice of applying the accommodating, flexible methodology of the VCLT may be inconsistent with the requirement of strict construction in Article 22 of the Rome Statute, and that even when strict construction does not technically apply, a more systematic, transparent, and robust approach should nevertheless still be followed.


The invention discloses pet dog feed, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400-600 parts of wheat gluten, 400-600 parts of bone powder, 400-600 parts of fish powder, 200-300 parts of corn powder, 100-200 parts of potato powder, 1-5 parts of tryptophane, 1-5 parts of phenylalanine, 1-5 parts of valine, 1-5 parts of arginine, 1-5 parts of lysine, 1-5 parts of glutamic acid, 1-5 parts of threonine and 1-5 parts of sodium chloride. The pet feed is suitable for feeding pet dogs; under proper situations, the pet feed can also be used for feeding pet cats, guinea pigs and other pets. In the formula, the wheat gluten plays a role in increasing the flexibility and the plasticity of the feed, the fish powder, the bone powder and the potato powder have abundant nutrition and contain abundant amino acids, vitamins and other essential nutrition, and the sodium chloride can supplement the content of sodium ions in pet bodies. The feed is high in nutritional value and does not contain any additives; furthermore, the preparation is simple, the cost is low and the pet dog feed is suitable for purchase and use by ordinary families.


A low-carbon Fe-Mn-Mo-Nb-Cu-B 690 MPa grade structural steel for construction machinery was designed and the effects of tempering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of the steel were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results show that tempering temperature has considerable influence on both the yield strength and the tensile strength.The yield strength and the tensile strength decrease first,and increases to the maximum value of 840 MPa,and then decline with the increasing tempering temperature.In comparison with the as-received steel,the yield strength of the steel tempered at 600 ℃ increases by 145 MPa.The changing trend of the yield/tensile ratio and hardness with the tempering temperature is the same with the variation of tensile and yield strength.The change of mechanical properties after tempering is relative to the dispersive precipitates with the size of less than 20 nm,the recovery of dislocations and the decomposition of large M-A islands.


Five sympatric species of Myrmecia were studied within a small isolated mallee area near Bacchus Marsh Victoria. The general biology of each species was investigated and an attempt made to determine any ecological differences by which direct interspecific competition was avoided. The social organization of each species was also examined using colonies maintained in the laboratory.The external nest structure of each species was distinctive whereas the internal nest structure was similar in all species except in M. nigriscapa which was more complex. Migration of nests to new sites occurred in two species, M· forceps and M· nigriscapa.Foraging was primarily nocturnal in four of the species and one of these, M· pyriformis, appeared entirely nocturnal. The remaining species, M. nigriscapa, had a highly variable foraging pattern, foraging whenever the temperature was favourable. Variation in the number of ants foraging at different times of the year was measured in each of the species; this correlated closely with the brood in the nest. M· pyriformis which carried a large number of larvae over winter, foraged more than the other species in this season. M· nigriscapa, had no brood in winter and ceased all activity. This absence of a winter brood was due to the restriction of the oviposition period in M· nigriscapa to the period around spring from mid-July to early December. Oviposition occurred throughout the year in the other species.[...]


Antimony oxide with defect pyrochlore structure (Sb6O13) crystallize in the cubic system with space group Fd3m.Antimony oxide often promotes the activating catalysts used for selective partial oxidations and for related reactions such as oxidative coupling. Antimony oxide can be used as a catalyst, retardant, fining agent and optical material.A simple hydrothermal method has been developed for synthesizing of Sb6O13 nanocrystals at a high yield at 180C that is a new method for preparing these nanocrystals. Thoroughly mixtures of antimony oxide (Sb2O3) and cerium oxide (CeO2) used as a starting material. Antimony oxide to cerium oxide molar ratio in different experiments were either 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and, 1:4.cell parameters were determined by CELEREF software(10.2963,10.2951,10.2920,10.2997 for 1:1,1:2,1:3,1:4, ratios respectively). In the all of ratios, XRD result was similar. FT-IR, XRD, UV, Flouresance and SEM were used to analysis the structure characteristics of Sb6O13 nanocrystals.Band gap for Sb6O13 nano crystals is 2ev. The diameter of crystals is around 60-80 from SEM.


We present first results of the project "Emotions in Drama" in which we explore the annotation of emotions and the application of computational emotion analysis, predominantly deep learning-based methods, in the context of historical German plays of the time around 1800. We performed a pilot annotation study with five plays generating over 6,500 annotations for up to 13 sub-emotions structured in a hierarchical scheme. This emotion scheme includes common types like joy , anger or hate but also concepts that are specifically important for German literary criticism of this period like friendship , compassion or Schadenfreude . We evaluate the performance of various methods of emotion-based text sequence classification including lexicon-based methods, traditional machine learning, fastText as static word embedding, various transformer models based on BERT - or ELECTRA -architectures and pretrained with contemporary language, transformer-based methods pretrained or finetuned for historical and/or poetic language as well as the finetuning of BERT models via our own corpora and plays. We do achieve state-of-the-art results with hierarchical levels with two or three classes, i. e. the classification of valence (positive/negative). The best models are the transformer-based models gbert-large and gelectra-large by deepset pretrained on large corpora of contemporary German, which achieve accuracy values of up to 83%. Lexicon-based methods, traditional machine learning as well as static word embeddings are consistently outper-formed by transformer-based models. Models trained on historical texts show small and inconsistent improvements. The performance becomes significantly smaller for settings with multiple sub-emotions like 6 or 13 due to the general challenge and class imbalances in which the models achieve 57% and 47% respectively. We discuss how we intend to continue our annotations and how to improve the prediction results via various optimization techniques in future work.


Glossary and classification of therapies Part 1: General survey 1. The background 2. The patient 3. The therapist 4. Complementary medicine, government, and the law Part 2: The therapies 6. Acupuncture and oriental medicine 7. Alexander and Feldenkrais techniques 8. Anthroposophical medicine 9. Ayurveda 10. Chiropractic 11. Creative and sensory therapies 12. Healing 13. Herbalism 14. Homeopathy 15. Hypnotherapy 16. Manual therapies including reflexology and aromatherapy 17. Mind-body therapies 18. Naturopathy and nutritional medicine 19. Osteopathy 20. Radionics Part 3: Organizations and colleges Acupuncture and oriental medicine Alexander and Feldendrais techniques Anthroposophical medicine Ayurveda Chiropractic Creative and sensory therapies Healing Herbalism Homeopathy Hypnotherapy Manual therapies Mind-Body therapies Naturopathy and nutritional medicine Osteopathy Radionics Miscellaneous and general Bibliography Index


A feedback linearization strategy for discrete-time nonlinear systems subject to input constraints is developed and analyzed. The control system comprises: (i) a feedback linearizing controller; (ii) a constraint mapping algorithm that transforms the input constraints into constraints on the feedback linearized system; and (iii) a model predictive controller that regulates the resulting constrained linear system. The stability properties of the proposed control strategy are investigated for both completely and partially feedback linearizable systems.


This report presents the findings from an extensive literature review aiming to help professionals and researchers in the State of Victoria understand barriers to walking and cycling as well as infrastructure and policy supports for non-motorized transportation. The research team located almost 500 articles, papers, and reports assessing walking and cycling infrastructure, policies, programs, and models. We reviewed over 300 of them—those judged to be most relevant to the questions raised by the Walking and Cycling Branch of the Department of Infrastructure and rigorous in terms of their analysis and ability to draw robust conclusions.


Metal cations have been exploited for their precipitation properties in a wide variety of studies, ranging from differentiating proteins from serum and blood to identifying the protein targets of drugs. Despite widespread recognition of this phenomenon, the mechanisms of metal-induced protein aggregation have not been fully elucidated. Recent studies have suggested that Cu's ability to induce protein aggregation may be a main contributor to Cu-induced cell death. Here, we provide the first proteome-wide analysis of the relative sensitivities of proteins across the Escherichia coli proteome to Cu-induced aggregation. We utilize a Metal-induced Protein Precipitation methodology that relies on quantitative bottom-up proteomics to define the metal concentration-dependent precipitation properties of proteins on a proteomic scale. Our results establish that Cu far surpasses other metals in promoting protein aggregation and that the protein aggregation is reversible upon metal chelation. The bulk of the Cu bound in the protein aggregates is Cu1+, regardless of the Cu2+ source. Analysis of our Metal-induced Protein Precipitation data allows us to investigate underlying biophysical characteristics that determine a protein's sensitivity to Cu-induced aggregation, which is independent of the relative concentration of protein in the lysate. Overall, this analysis provides new insights into the mechanism behind Cu cytotoxicity, as well as metal cation induced protein aggregation.


This paper presents the application of virtual-flux based control to a shunt active power filter (APF). The shunt active power filter is controlled using virtual-flux based direct power control with space vector modulation (DPC-SVM). The control is implemented with a virtual-flux estimator in place of the grid voltage sensors. The instantaneous power theory is used to estimate the required compensation reactive power, and to estimate the controlled powers of the APF. The virtual-flux estimation is performed using the second order generalized integrator (SOGI), and a virtual-flux phase-locked loop ensures robust grid synchronization of the APF. Simulation results show that when the APF is connected in parallel with a diode rectifier, it improves the quality of the current drawn from the source. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the source current improved from 26.75% without the APF to 8.95% with the APF.


Physical symptoms significantly impair health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), but age effects and differential effects of medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) and medically explained symptoms (MES) have hardly been examined. Our objective was to determine the effect of age on the impact of MUS and MES on HRQoL.


The vortex phase diagram of optimally doped untwinned YBa 2 Cu 3 O y is studied. We find a first-order transition T L (H) in the vortex liquid above the terminal point H m c p (≃7 T) of both the vortex glass line T g (H) and the field-driven disordering transition line H*(T). The obtained small entropy change (∼0.02 k B /vortex/layer) and the critical endpoint H c e p (≃11 T) of the T L (H) line indicate that the vortex liquid undergoes the vortex slush regime before the solidification into the vortex glass phase. Below H m c p , the vortex liquid phase shows the first-order melting transition into the Bragg glass phase. We also study the oxygen content y dependence of the vortex phase diagram and find that the vortex slush regime is located in the borderline (i.e., 6.90≤y≤6.92) below which the vortex lattice melting transition disappears. The result indicates that the point disorder with the intermediate strength plays an important role in the vortex slush regime.


The invention provides a cable temperature measuring device with temperature correction function. The cable temperature measuring device is used for measuring and calculating the temperature of the cores of cables by measuring the surface temperature of the cables and the environment temperature, and comprises a curve isolated bracket, a middle fixed bracket, a control box, a built-in temperature signal processing circuit board of the control box, cable surface-temperature probe and an environment temperature probe. The curve isolated bracket is inserted into the lower end of the middle fixed bracket, the control box is fixed on the upper end of the middle fixed bracket, the circuit board and the circuit part which are used for processing the temperature signals are installed in the control box, the environment temperature probe is installed on the inner surface of the control box, and the cable surface-temperature probe is installed on the lower end of curve isolated bracket. The device is simply designed, convenient to install, and firm and steady, can effectively reduce the interference of the environment factors, can measure the environment temperature, can correct the temperature of the cores of the cables in the calculation process, and has good actual application value.


We propose and study GaAs/Al25Ga75As terahertz frequency quantum cascade lasers in which mid-infrared radiation is used as a coherent drive for enhancing the terahertz gain.


This study aims to examine the determinants of elderly life satisfaction using the 2012 Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing data (KLoSA). We used a ordered logit model in which various attributes were included as explanatory variables: 1) personal and household attributes, 2) economic and employment attributes, 3) health attributes, 4) social activities, and 5) residence and dwelling attributes. Major findings from the analysis can be summaries as follows. Health condition, community activities, and good relationship with friends were crucial factors for improving elderly life satisfaction. Specifically, both subjective and objective health condition and good cognitive function have contributed to enhancing elderly life satisfaction, while depression is highly correlated with unhappiness of the elderly. Maintaining good friendship and active involvement in cultural and hobby activities were also important determinants of elderly life satisfaction.


The most publicized scientific milestone of the year is the progress with sequencing the human genome. This, and other developments discussed in the Address, highlight several lessons for science policy. In addition, the President announced two new Royal Society initiatives.


A novel measurement scheme demonstrates that the timing jitter of free-running passively mode-locked 10-GHz Er:Yb:glass lasers can be close to the quantum limit. With feedback stabilization, even lower jitter (27 fs rms, 6 Hz-1.56 MHz) is achieved.


I Lorraine had left him. He had bored her to death. I-Ie had leaned on her strength. He realized that he was no longer the l1:an she had married. He pushed ol~en the door and crawled out. Uslllg a limb for a crutch he began hIS l11<HC~1 sO~lth. Now he kn~w what he would do when he saw ~orralll~ .. HIs ch111was strong; h.IS mouth was a tight line. His face 111 combining the two was determined. * * :): * * * What Is a Sports Car?


As coastal communities grow more vulnerable to sea-level rise and increased storminess, communities have turned to nature-based solutions to bolster coastal resilience and protection. Marshes have significant wave attenuation properties and can play an important role in coastal protection for many communities. Many restoration projects seek to maximize this ecosystem service but how much marsh restoration is enough to deliver measurable coastal protection benefits is still unknown. This question is critical to guiding assessments of cost effectiveness and for funding, implementation, and optimizing of marsh restoration for risk reduction projects. This study uses SWAN model simulations to determine empirical relationships between wave attenuation and marsh vegetation. The model runs consider several different common marsh morphologies (including systems with channels, ponds, and fringing mudflats), vegetation placement, and simulated storm intensity. Up to a 95% reduction in wave energy is seen at as low as 50% vegetation cover. Although these empirical relationships between vegetative cover and wave attenuation provide essential insight for marsh restoration, it is also important to factor in lifespan estimates of restored marshes when making overall restoration decisions. The results of this study are important for coastal practitioners and managers seeking performance goals and metrics for marsh restoration, enhancement, and creation.


Background: To Study the correlation between Fundus Fluorescein Angiography and Optical Coherence Tomography  patterns in Clinically Significant Macular Oedema. Methods: This is a retrospective study which compares patterns in FFA and OCT in patients with CSME. Results: A total of 54 eyes were examined. Participants included 64.81 % males and 34.85% females. On Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA) 37.03% eyes showed diffuse leak, 27.77% eyes showed focal leak, 35.18 % eyes showed CME, 53.7% eyes showed macular ischemia. Maximum pattern is macular ischemia type in FFA. On OCT 42.6 % eyes showed spongy oedema, 68.51% eyes showed combined pattern, 48.15 % eyes showed ERM/Traction, 46.3 % eyes showed CME, 40.7 % eyes showed hard exudates 14.8 % eyes showed serous detachment. Conclusions: Both FFA and OCT are indispensable tools for diagnosis and management of Diabetic macular oedema. Measurement of central foveal thickness, tractional, ERM was possible with OCT but large number of patients showed macular ischemia on FFA which was not possible to diagnose with OCT. So, both FFA and OCT are necessary for management of Diabetic macular oedema.


This article presents results of a research developed in a school located in an indigenous community in the municipality of São Paulo de Olivença, in the interior of the state of Amazonas. We aimed to analyze and understand the advantages and disadvantages of teaching Physics by Technological Mediation in the lives of students in this location. The data were obtained through observations, interviews and questionnaires applied to teachers and students. Through this study it was found that teaching mediated by technology has deficiencies with regard to the methodological process concerning the contextualization of students' experiences in the discipline of Physics, on the other hand, it has an inclusive character, because students who were unable to monetary costs of paying for their stay in the city to attend high school, can do so through this teaching modality.


Results available in the literature on minority carrier trapping and light‐induced degradation (LID) effects in silicon materials containing boron and oxygen atoms are briefly reviewed. Special attention is paid to the phenomena associated with "deep" electron traps (J. A. Hornbeck and J. R. Haynes, Phys. Rev. 1955, 97, 311) and the recently reported results that have linked LID with the transformation of a defect consisting of a substitutional boron atom and an oxygen dimer (BsO2) from a configuration with a deep donor state into a recombination active configuration associated with a shallow acceptor state (M. Vaqueiro‐Contreras et al., J. Appl. Phys. 2019, 125, 185704). It is shown that the BsO2 complex is a defect with negative‐U properties, and it is responsible for minority carrier trapping and persistent photoconductivity in nondegraded Si:B+O samples and solar cells. It is argued that the "deep" electron traps observed by Hornbeck and Haynes are the precursors of the "slow" forming shallow acceptor defects, which are responsible for the dominant LID in boron‐doped Czochralski silicon (Cz‐Si) crystals. Both the deep and shallow defects are BsO2 complexes, transformations between charge states and atomic configurations of which account for the observed electron trapping and LID phenomena.


This paper attempts to identify the factors explaining IPO underpricing in an emerging economy, India, using 1842 companies that got listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) from 1993 to 2001. Unlike the existing works that analysed the relation of ex-ante risk proxies and underpricing, this paper concentrates on volatility of stock return just after listing and underpricing of Indian IPOs. Contrary to the theoretical prediction, this paper finds a negative relation of underpricing and volatility. This apparent contradiction could be due to the investors' optimism during the offer period and subsequent revision in prices (immediately after listing) with the availability of new information during the long offer-listing period. The high average risk, significant negative relation between risk and underpricing during the high volume (hot) period and insignificant relation of the same during the cold period suggest that some of the issuers took the advantage of investors' optimism to collect as much money as possible during the hot period. The enthusiastic investors' paid a high price, but their uncertainty about the future viability of the project became evident with the subsequent disclosure of information during offer to listing period, which found its expression through the after market volatility.


Using tomato and soils with low,medium and high levels of cropping obstacles as planting materials,the effect of 2% special microorganism fertilizer on the soil with cropping obstacles was studied.The physiological and biochemical indexes under applying special microorganism fertilizer condition were higher than that in control.The content of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium were increased by 9.9%~15.5%,39.1%~56.5%,17.9%~95.9%,and 3.0%~19.0% respectively,and root activity of tomato increased by 10.0%~73.6%.And there were significant difference among different cropping obstacles soils.These results suggested that the special microbial fertilizers had a good relief effect on continuous cropping obstacles soils,but had different effect on different degree of obstacle soils.


Rectifying junctions may be made by heating silicon‐aluminum or silicon‐boron alloys in contact with n‐type silicon carbide. The measured solubility of carbon in liquid silicon is consistent with the view that these junctions are produced by an alloying and regrowth mechanism. Nonrectifying contacts may be made in an analogous manner using silicon‐phosphorous alloys. Visible radiation is emitted uniformly over the rectifying junctions when current is passed in the forward direction, with a quantum efficiency of the order of 10−6. Current flow in the reverse direction is associated with the appearance of ``blue spots,'' similar in appearance to the points of light that are often observed when silicon junctions are biased in the avalanche region.


High mobility group protein A1 (HMGA1) acts as an architectural transcription factor and regulates transcription of various genes. Upregulation of HMGA1 has been described in a large number of human malignancies and serves as a 'tumor marker'. Due to its role in neoplastic transformation and tumor progression, hmga1 is considered as a promising therapeutic target. In the present study, we investigated the interaction of triplex forming oligonucleotide (TFO) of 18 bps targeted to hmga1 promoter (1917 to 1940) and its influence on the expression of HMGA1 in HeLa cells. Stability of DNA triplex was characterized using various biophysical and thermodynamic methods and was confirmed by gel retardation assay using γ-32P [ATP]. Treatment of HeLa cells with hmga1 specific TFO significantly downregulated HMGA1 expression at mRNA, protein levels (~48%) and inhibited cell proliferation as investigated by RT-PCR, Western blot and Flow cytometry. The findings of the study suggest that TFO-mediated inhibition of hmga1 expression can be a promising strategy for modulation of gene expression and for inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, DNA triplex-based therapeutic approaches hold promise in combating cancers associated with HMGA1 overexpression.


The characteristics of the varied statistic of measurement noise is not obtained easily and accurately under the circumstance that the carrier is maneuvering,and much random non-Gauss noise could be produced in the system.If only the normal Kalman filtering algorithm is applied in the integrated navigation system,it has a disadvantage of not getting the optimum values, especially results in non-convergence values.In this paper,a fuzzy inference system(FIS) combined with the Kalman filtering algorithm is presented.It can efficiently adjust the covariance matrix of system measurement noise online.Simulations show this filtering algorithm can get a better result in system states optimization estimation.Simultaneously it has a superiority of adapting system noise variation and may greatly improve the precision of the navigation system.


The Link Research—Practice: A Matter of "Ingenium" (Part 1) T he papers presented during the last PMI Research Conference in Montréal, Canada, exemplified the link Research – Practice. In the meantime, a sound translation of research into practice is not obvious as it implies an "intelligent" action—a praxis—"ingenium"1, "this mental faculty which makes possible to connect in a fast, suitable and happy way of the separate things" as stated by Lemoigne (1995), quoting Giambattista Vico (1708). What is the necessary condition supporting a sound translation of research results into practice, and being a preamble to any relevant research? One would say a clear understanding of the context, or the situation, within which the translation is made. This involves clarifying our perception and understanding at four levels: paradigmatic, epistemological, ontological, and metaphysical. • Paradigmatic Level (The word paradigm has referred to a thought pattern in any scientific discipline or other epistemological context.) • Epistemological Level (Epistemology or the theory of knowledge is the branch of philosophy that studies the nature and scope of knowledge.) • Ontological Level (In philosophy, ontology is the study of being or existence. Ontology can be said to study conceptions of reality.) • Metaphysical Level (Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy concerned with explaining the nature of the world.)


System dependability has become an important aspect to consider because of the large number of components included in modern systems and the high availability requirements that users demand. In systems such as switch-mode power supplies, power devices like IGBTs play a fundamental role in system functionality and performance, hence the use of reliable components is key. In this paper, the design of dependable systems based on reliable power devices is addressed. Reliability tests have been carried out on a set of IGBTs used in a battery charger to extract accurate reliability prediction models for this type of devices and degradation models, which can help the system designer to generate highly dependable systems. This paper describes the first phase of the authors' research that focus on determining degradation models for IGBTs due to environmental causes. Their tests show the high resistance of the selected devices to environmental stress. None of the devices has failed the tests, and the variation in their electrical characteristics is minimal. This is an important conclusion because our final objective is the design of reliable battery chargers, which requires the use of power devices that can tolerate high stress without degradation of their characteristics. In addition, they were able to detect a flaw in their measurement methodology that helped them to improve their test and analysis flow for the second phase of their research.


The atmosphere on Mars contains a substantial amount of suspended dust which settles on rovers, solar arrays, and spacecrafts. Martian dust characterization is important for minimizing the effects of abrasion, adhesion, corrosion, and damage to mission hardware, and also to reduce the effect on human health [1]. Mars has very low atmospheric pressure and low humidity as compared to that on Earth, which makes the dust on Mars more prone to contact charging and electrical discharges. In order to simultaneously analyze the particle size and charge on Mars dust particles a miniaturized version of the Electrical Single Particle Aerodynamic Relaxation Time (ESPART) analyzer, the Dust Particle Analyzer has been built and tested. The Dust Particle Analyzer (DPA) is based on a Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) and heterodyning principles where the laser beams are frequency shifted by a rotating diffraction grating to generate a moving fringe pattern. The dust particles passing through the sensing volume of the LDV undergo oscillations depending upon the applied electric or acoustic sinusoidal excitations, and the measured particle size range is dependent upon the particle relaxation time and the excitation frequency. Mars dust simulant, JSC Mars-1 was tested extensively to show the capabilities of the DPA. The instrument was tested under Martian atmospheric pressure and gaseous conditions, to check the functionality and reliability of the instrument. Introduction: Mars Dust: During human lunar missions, astronauts have reported that dust seeps into small crevices in their EVA suits leading to obstruction of movement [1]. Mars has a significant number of localized dust storms, referred to as dust devils which can attain heights of nearly 6 km [2]. Wind velocities on Mars have been studied to attain at least 32 m/s. Due to the nature of storms and other atmospheric activity, dust gets electrostatically charged due to contact charging and by photoemission. Mars has a very low atmospheric pressure (~ 5 -10 mb), and low humidity as compared to that on Earth, which makes the dust on Mars more prone to triboelectric charging and electrical discharges. Due to the low Martian atmospheric pressure and a lack of an ozone layer, the amount of UV radiation reaching the surface is high, which leads to photoionization of the dust particles which are suspended for long durations. Particles which are about 50-100 μm in diameter are easily lifted by the Mars winds, but settling is faster. But smaller particles, approximately 1-5 μm in diameter remain suspended for a long time [3], if they are dispersed into air. Atmospheric dust particles on Mars after settling may obscure solar panels, clog filters, valves, and mechanical devices, may deposit on electronic components and cause malfunction. Dust can adhere to solar, radiator, sealing, mechanical, and optical surfaces of future Mars missions leading to degradation in power generation, overheating of lifesupport systems, cause wear and tear of extravehicular activity (EVA) suits, and reduce performance of optical instruments. Electrostatically charged dust particles cause two major problems, (1) adhesion, between the particles and the substrate, increases significantly under dry conditions, and (2) deposition of particles increases as the charged particles seep into the recessed areas of equipment. Challenges in remote in-situ measurements: One of the first steps to dust mitigation is to know the particle size and charge of the dust particles. Once these characteristics are thoroughly known, dust mitigation technologies can be more efficiently designed. Research into dust mitigation devices has shown that the size and the charge associated with the dust particles are both important in designing efficient dust removal technologies. An instrument is needed which will measure the instantaneous particle size and charge distributions on dust particles in real time, which will help in designing mission hardware to withstand the effects of adhesion, abrasion, corrosion and other related effects. For any particle analyzer to function on Mars, many environmental criteria have to be considered. The atmospheric pressure on Mars is about a one-two hundredth of earth's atmosphere, and its atmospheric composition is mainly CO2. The atmospheric electrical breakdown is dependent on the atmospheric composition and pressure. On Earth, the electrical breakdown is of the order of 3000 KV/m whereas on Mars it is expected to be approximately 20 KV/m, which leads to frequent electrical discharges at lower voltages [4]. ESPART Analyzer: To measure simultaneously both particle size and charge in real time, the Electrical Single Particle Aerodynamic Relaxation Time (ESPART) Analyzer [5] had been developed at University of Arkansas at Little Rock over a number of years. The basic underlying principle of a ESPART analyzer is to measure the phase difference between the frequency of oscillation of a particle and the external field moving the suspended particle, and by calcuSeventh International Conference on Mars 3391.pdf


The work presents the results of the scientific research in the Taman Peninsula soil properties. We carry out the historic review of the studies in the Taman Peninsula soils, and its geological structure. We present morphological characteristics of the soil profile for the southern, calcareous, ultra heavy loam chernozem developed from the loessial loams and forming genetic horizons. The studies of the humus content in the soils show the associations between its percentage and the type and intensity of the agricultural use. Studies of the soils structure and composition demonstrate marked aggravation of the soils physical properties caused by grape growing. The best results of the particle size analysis have been achieved for the woodland soils. In woodlands, after their establishment, the soils under the grass and crown layers develop free of the anthropogenic impact. We register self-supporting growth of organic matter and natural processes of soil fertility recovery; therefore, such soils are characterized with a greater content of organic matter as compared to the soils under grape plantings cultivated in the monoculture regime. Reduced soil organic matter (humus) content in vineyards results from the disturbed biological interchange of the matter and increased anthropogenic impact causing erosion processes


In this study, the effect of preliminary hydrolysis of zirconyl oxysulfate on the properties of ZrO2–7 % Y2O3 powders prepared by hydroxides precipitation at a constant pH of 5 was studied. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the monophasic nature of the samples and the insignificant difference between CSR (coherent scattering regions). Samples differed in particle size distribution, porosity and morphology.


Department of 50-year-old male farmer presented with the first episode of sudden onset weakness involving Medicine, Maulana A all four limbs simultaneously for the last 8 hours. There were no sensory symptoms. The Azad Medical College patient was a chronic smoker (two cigarettes/d) for the past 20 years. There was no family history of and Assoc LN Hospitals, similar episodes. His pulse rate was 88/min, blood pressure 150/90mm Hg and respiratory rate 20/ New Delhi, India min. General examination showed minimal bilateral pedal edema and grayish pigmentation over face, knuckles and palmar creases with no evidence of clubbing [Figures 1, 2]. Abnormal findings Correspondence: on the nervous system examination included flaccid quadriparesis (power grade 2/5 in proximal Nirmal Kumar, muscles and 3/5 in distal muscles of the upper and lower limbs) with deep tendon reflexes and email@example.com plantar reflexes being not elicitable.


The dynamic metabolic range of skeletal muscle necessitates an equally dynamic blood flow requirement, to the point where the demand for skeletal muscle blood flow during intense bouts of large muscle mass exercise can theoretically 'outstrip' the heart's ability to generate the cardiac output necessary for maintaining sufficient mean arterial pressure (MAP) and muscle perfusion.

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s of research accepted for publication by a scientific journal before the annual meeting are not acceptable. The Program Committee favors the general policy that a person present only one paper. If the total number of papers submitted by the membership is too great to include in the program, the Committee will assign some papers to be read by title only. Stimulating the highest quality of applied and fundamental research is the goal of the Committee. Mathematical and statistical units should be rechecked to avoid costly corrections in final printing. Careful experimental design and interpretat ion of results are necessary prerequisities. Compliance with the instructions for preparation of abstracts will simplify tasks of the Program Committee and of the Editors ' offices. Careful editing of abstracts before submission is essential. Mimeographed copies (200) of pert inent details and data are desirable for distribution at the time of presentation. Projected material, such as 2 x 2 slides, should include large lettering for easy reading. Names and addresses of the chairman to whom abstracts should be sent are given below. If acknowledgment of the receipt of the abstract is not received by March 15, the appropriate chairman should be contacted. Dairy Foods Division G. P. Marley Celanese Plastics & Specialties Co. 1768 S. Johnson Ferry Road Atlanta, GA 30319


Much research has been carried out on evaluating service quality. But, there have been no previous methodology which can measure and evaluate service value mathematically. In this paper the authors discuss the concept of a service field and its application to evaluate service value, which is analogous to the electro-magnetic field in physics. For evaluating service value numerically, service value is defined by an inner product of a provider's service attribute vector and a user's requirement attribute vector. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness, the proposed method is then applied to the evaluation of attractiveness in sightseeing. This mathematical model seems to be useful in evaluating the effectiveness of service theoretically.


Many-body quantum systems present a rich phenomenology which can be significantly altered when they are in contact with an environment. In order to study such setups, a number of approximations are usually performed, either concerning the system, the environment, or both. A typical approach for large quantum interacting systems is to use master equations which are local, Markovian, and in Lindblad form. Here, we present an implementation of the Redfield master equation using matrix product states and operators. We show that this allows us to explore parameter regimes of the many-body quantum system and the environment which could not be probed with previous approaches based on local Lindblad master equations. We also show the validity of our results by comparing with the numerical exact thermofield-based chain-mapping approach.


It's been lovely meeting more parents and having chats on how much they love the kinder and how they feel they can contribute. We appreciate all the feedback and the suggestions we have received so far and I can safely say we have already considered everything mentioned. As I'm sure you would appreciate, it's not an easy task coming up with events that suits almost 80 families but we are certainly giving it a go.


OBJECTIVE: To monitor drug resistance tendency of clinically common pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics. METHODS: K-B test was used to test bacterial susceptibility and the results were evaluated on the basis of American National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). Then the susceptibility results were analyzed with WHONET-5 software. RESULTS: Bacterial susceptibility test was carried out on 1 266 strains isolated from the hospital infection patients from 2002 to 2004 in the hospital where the authors work. The easily drug resistant bacteria were found to be staphlococcus aureus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa and so on. CONCLUSION: It is of necessity to understand the pathogenic bacteria spectrum and the current situation and tendency of drug resistance of these bacteria.


Through stories and visual vignettes, it presents a range of stakeholders involved in the design, construction, management and habitation of third-age housing in the UK, highlighting the importance of design decisions for the everyday lives of older people.


Today's computer systems are more complex, more rapidly evolving, and more essential to the conduct of business than those of even a few years ago. The result is an increasing need for tools and techniques that assist in understanding the behavior of these systems. Such an understanding is necessary to provide intelligent answers to the questions of cost and performance that arise throughout the life of a system:


Injectable hydrogel adhesives integrating both rapid adhesion to wet tissues and anti‐swelling in humid environments are highly desired for fast hemostasis and wound sealing in surgical applications. Herein, utilizing the synergistic effect of thermo‐sensitive shrinkable nano‐micelle gelators and small molecular adhesive moieties, an injectable hydrogel with rapid‐adhesion and anti‐swelling properties (RAAS hydrogel) is fabricated. The RAAS hydrogel can undergo ultrafast gelation to achieve wet adhesion within 2 s of ultraviolet illumination and exhibit an outstanding anti‐swelling performance with non‐expansion of volume during the whole degradation process. It also presents good biocompatibility and low risk of hemolysis. Its fast hemostasis is demonstrated in diverse hemorrhage models with injuries in the liver, artery, heart, cranial vessel, and brain cortex in small animals. Importantly, its volume stability in humid internal environment can maintain the strong adhesion strength and avoid compression injury to spinal cord when applied for dura sealing. These data suggest that the injectable RAAS hydrogel holds potential for the applications of fast hemostasis and wound sealing with the benefits of stable adhesion and reducing the risk of tissue compression injury.


A magnetic suspension system for manufacturing or other use is presented. A contactless linear guide for the use of a manufacturing instrument and peripheral equipment requires a simple structure and high stability against disturbances since frequent starts and stops are carried out by fairly large driving forces. The construction proposed here has two reference guide bars and a carrier with six control magnets. A linearized multi magnet suspension system and the regulator control are described and also the computational and experimental results are shown.


Highly Accelerated Stress Screen(HASS) is an emerging technology, which is performed during production phase to find the weak reliability links in the product. It is very effective in discovering manufacture - related problems, improving reliability and reducing the number of infant mortality failures of products. This paper introduces the background and the purposes of HASS, and discusses its fundamental principles.