OBJECTIVES
To compare in vitro biomechanical properties of different designs of epoxy-pin external skeletal fixator (ESF) constructs.

STUDY DESIGN
Mechanical testing study.

SAMPLE POPULATION
Four epoxy-pin ESF design constructs (uniplanar [EU], multiplanar-I [EM-I], multiplanar-II [EM-II], and circular [EC]) were mechanically tested in compression, bending, and torsion.

METHODS
Four different designs of free-form epoxy-pin external fixator constructs were developed using 1.5 mm K-wires and epoxy resin mounted in an ultra-high density polyethylene rod (20 mm diameter). Three-point fixation was done in each fragment, and the distance between fixation wires, and between the rod and the side bars was kept constant in all the designs. A 5 mm gap was maintained at the center of the fixation rod to simulate an unstable fracture condition. The fixator constructs (n = 12 of each design) were subjected to mechanical testing in axial compression, bending, or torsion. Load-deformation curves were generated and mechanical properties were compared between construct types.

RESULTS
EU was the weakest design. Under compression, constructs EM-I, EM-II, and EC were similar. Under bending, EM-I and EM-II had similar strength, whereas EC was strongest. Under torsion, EC was strongest, followed by EM-II, EM-I, and EU; EM-II provided double the rotational stability of EM-I.

CONCLUSIONS
Overall, EC followed by EM-II epoxy-pin fixator designs had better mechanical strength.


What Works in Education is the result of a collaborative effort between two organizations: the Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies and Division 33 of the American Psychological Association.) The Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies is a nonprofit organization, one of whose major goals is applying findings from scientific research in learning and instruction to improving education. APA Division 33 is dedicated to the furtherance of psychological knowledge through basic and applied research, and excellence in professional practice in the field of mental retardation and developmental disabilities. The purpose of What Works in Education is to make available information about educational programs and procedures that work, that is, programs or procedures that have been shown to produce significant measurable improvements in skills deemed important for student success. However, beyond this, the programs and procedures included have been demonstrated to work in many different settings when implemented by many different educators with students of varying ages, socioeconomic status, and ethnic backgrounds. These programs and procedures have been shown to work predictably and reliably when implemented correctly. While it is critical to continue to conduct solid scientific research in the areas of human learning and instruction, it is equally critical that we use the considerable body of knowledge that already exists. An underlying assumption of the document is that the most effective education occurs when instruction is targeted to teach specific outcomes and when an objective evaluation system is in place to determine whether those outcomes have been achieved. Therefore, submissions were required to state the skills targeted and how gains were measured. The skills vary with the program, and cover the gamut from basic math facts to thinking skills and attitudes toward school. Measurement also varies, but many programs use well-known nationally standardized tests in combination with program-specific criterion-referenced performance measures. The Introduction presents the educational context that led to the development of this publication, and describes the standards used in selecting papers. This is followed by the individual papers. These papers may be obtained from the Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies, either by ordering a printed version or by downloading from the Cambridge Center's Web Site, http://www.behavior.org.This publication will continue to be updated, with additional volumes being published periodically. To receive updates, check the web site or request updates by mail.


do? We mean, really believe. What is there to believe in and what amount of faith do you have? I believe I'm competent at my work. They're going to get you there. Everyone is a designer. Everyone who puts one foot in front of another has designed their path. Clearly that qualifies everyone to disagree with you on an equal basis (they have eyes and a brain, so that makes them your equal). Never mind the fact that you (or was it your parents?) paid for an expensive education at a top-notch school where you read many large books and argued their fine points in the stimulating environment of others as eager as you to change the world with good design. Or, you've come up through the ranks and have earned your credentials through untutored brilliance, keen intuition, clear observation and simple trial and error—and you've even shipped prod-ucts—and still everyone who looks at your design feels qualified to tell you they could do better. Don't let them get you down; you wouldn't get far if you weren't competent. But competence at design does not make one competent as a designer who has to live in an organization and struggle every day for balance. I believe in evidence, not just my own intuition. Another strike against you. What evidence can you proffer? You learned in Statistics 101 that with sufficiently complex numbers (we're talking relatively low complexity here), the recipients of your usability reports will gloss over your analysis and come to their own conclusions, anyway. Heaven help you if they attended lab sessions. They saw what they saw—you must not have been paying attention when their preconceived ideas were confirmed. If you are fighting a social battle with numbers, you will lose. Your evidence isn't nearly as important as your credibility. With vast credibility, you don't even have to provide numbers. Or usability tests, for that matter. You can say Trust me. Believe in me. Of course, the numbers do come in handy if they turn out to be in favor of your design. Have you worked with anyone who has even a jot of charisma? No doubt there is a time and a place where charisma is just what is needed; but that's usually in the sales and marketing department, not in design : / 5 i n t e r a c t i o n s …


Secession* warf and defeat brought wrenching changes to people In a state which bad become an Important center of agricultural wealth* Fertile land In alluvial valleys and Negro slaves who tilled the soil were tr*e bade for Louisiana's prewar claim to agricultural dlatino tion* Xn the far from the wealth laden streams** the bulk of the white population earned their 11 wlihoods by cultivating the thin and unproductive coll* The plantation system meant that the Slack Belt would be dosed to the email farmer* The many thousands " of poor farming fadllaa approved of slavery because It guaranteed to them a position above the absolute botcom in the social order* Slavery* with its attendant system of large-scale landholding and planter-merchant economic and political dominance* was accepted as a fair price for the preservation of white supremacy. The occupation of the Crescent City by agents of the national government inaugurated a period of fifteen years during which men re sponsible only to Washington ruled Louisiana* Butler and his successors controlled the southern parishes until the war was over. During the years between 1362 and 1865 the agents of Inhuming ton organized a civil government composed of men loyal to the Union* supervised the writing of a new constitution* established schools for Negroes* and made un successful efforts to extend Federal control over Confederate Louisiana* Their efforts to make Louisiana conform to Northern ideals wore not acceptable to the majority of citisens of the Bayou State,


A transport system generates environmental emissions such as noise, vibrations, air emissions and particles and light, which can have adverse impact on the health, well-being and quality of life for the occupiers of development contiguous with transport noise corridors. The Department of Transport and M ain Roads (TM R) has developed a policy position statement which outlines TM R's position in relation to the development of land that is impacted by environmental emissions from Transport Operations and Infrastructure (TOI) which includes busways, light rail, railways and State-controlled roads. Together with the application of the Queensland Development Code (QDC), M andatory Part 4.4, Buildings in a Transport Noise Corridor (QDC M P4.4), TM R's aim is to ensure development proposals for new environmentally sensitive development within transport noise corridors are designed and constructed in a way to protect occupants from significantly adverse impacts resulting from environmental emissions generated by existing and future transport operations. One of the major sources of environmental emissions is transport noise. When designing a new noise sensitive land use, developers must ensure that the predicted impact of transport noise by future transport operations is attenuated. The transport noise criteria listed in TM R's Policy Position Statement, Development on Land Affected by Environmental Emissions from Transport and Transport Infrastructure (PPS) is relevant to new noise sensitive land use proposed contiguous with a transport corridor.


Rootkit technology hit center stage in 2005 when analysts discovered that Sony BMG surreptitiously installed a rootkit as part of its DRM (digital rights management) solution. Although that debacle increased general awareness of rootkits, the technology remains the scourge of the software industry through its ability to hide processes and files from detection by system analysis and anti-malware tools.


Bitcoin has recently become the focal point of investors as a digital currency and an alternative payment method. Despite Bitcoin being in the spotlight, a gap in the literature on its price-setting behaviors has been observed. This study aims to contribute to the literature by investigating the relationship between Bitcoin price and volume in the period between January 1, 2012 and April 7, 2018 through a symmetric and asymmetric causality test.,Daily price and volume data relevant to Bitcoin traded in the Bitstamp market were obtained from www.bitcoincharts.com. Within the framework of data applicable for analysis, the data set for this study includes a total of 2,286 observations for the period between January 1, 2012 and April 7, 2018.,Based on the results of the standard causality test, a causality relationship was determined from price to volume. Based on the results of the asymmetric causality test between positive and negative shocks of variables, a unilateral causality relationship was determined from negative shocks in Bitcoin prices to negative shocks in trading volume as well as from positive shocks in trading volume to positive shocks in prices. Furthermore, it was found that the relationship between Bitcoin price and volume is cointegrated.,The empirical results can be used by investors and portfolio managers to make trading decisions.,The contribution of this paper to the literature is that it is the first study on the symmetric and asymmetric causality relationship between Bitcoin price and volume. Moreover, this paper reveals short- and long-term behaviors of Bitcoin using the cointegration test used for determining the long-term relationship between Bitcoin price and volume.


The increasing use of the Internet and attacks make it necessary to develop techniques that analyze network and service availability.Monitoring and quantifying network component behavior is key to make network reliable and robust.By using situation analysis,this paper proposes an approach to network service availability evaluation which is aimed at certain systems.The contribution of this paper is two-fold:First,key-factors and secondly,the system.This approach can provide a direct situation analysis to the certain services and can also analyze the system resource usage,thus havs a concrete and whole scope of the system situation.The effectiveness of this approach is approved by the large amounts of experiments in both normal and DDOS attacked network.


At inspecting products, we shall turn before inspecting into after inspecting. It is un-science and unreasonable at cost ,time and OC curve for invariable percent inspecting. So I suggested non-destructive examination basing on statistical process control and we shall change the strict and loose level by count-adjusting. With being assured testing quality, we shall short time, reduce cost and enhance competition.


Structure and rheological properties of hybrids with polymer matrix and layered silicates as filler were studied. Solution containing 60% wt of hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) in oligomeric polyethyleneglycol (PEG) was used as a matrix. The peculiarity of this study is that the matrix depending on temperature can form different phase states including liquid-crystalline (LC). So, a possibility of coexistence and superposition of different ordered structures can be realized at different temperatures. Three different fillers were used: natural Na-montmorillonite (MMT) and organoclays obtained by treating MMT with surfactants varying in polarity of their molecules. Depending on the type of clay, materials with different morphology can be obtained. X-ray data showed that PEG intercalates all types of clay used whereas penetration of HPC macromolecules into clay galleries during mixing does not occur. Clay modified with more polar surfactant should be treated as the most convenient material to be intercalated by PEG. Rheological studies (included steady-state and dynamic shear properties in a wide temperature range) demonstrate that composites are viscoplastic materials and the yield stress is observed already at 5% fillers loading. The level of the yield stress depends on the phase state of the matrix being induced by the superposition of structures formed by clay particles as well as by the LC phase (if it exists). The same conclusion can be made on the base of linear oscillatory measurements because the existence of the LC phase and/or the presence of filler lead to a pseudo solid-like behavior of a system as whole. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011


The phenomenon of bile acid salts adsorption was investigated by means of a dynamic method in a biopharmaceutical model imitating conditions in vitro [1]. The amount of bile salt adsorbed by chitosan was calculated from the difference in concentration of the investigated salt prior to and after absorption [2 4]. In order to calculate the amount of bile salt adsorbed by various kinds of chitosans, a biopharmaceutical model of the digestive tract was used. 10. INVESTIGATION OF BILE ACID SALTS BINDING CAPACITY BY VARIOUS KINDS OF CHITOSANS


INTRODUCTION The success of animal production is based on genetics, nutrition and health management techniques, with gastrointestinal nematodes being identified as one of the main problems in production systems (Gentil and State, 2012). These are responsible for causing various clinical signs ranging from minor abdominal discomfort fulminant to episodes of cramps and even death in horses (Canever et al., 2013).


This article is about innovational approaches of Russian language education. Within the new concept it was carried Russian national scientific school for youth «Textology today: results, problems and methods». According to the results of the school it was carried out a training of young scientists, teachers, researchers and published 2 books: text-book and materials of performances.


This paper took the lead in applying isothermal forging technology to form a spur bevel gear in a single operation. According to the isothermal forging process, the forging part drawing of the spur bevel gear was defined. The 20CrMnTi was chosen as the gear materials. A closed-die structure was used in the forging process. Then, the model of the dies and workpiece were built by UG software. After the models was imported into DEFORM-3D, the simulation of the isothermal forging process of the bevel gear was executed. Through simulation, the shape of the gear, the distributions of effective stress and strain, the forming load of the dies, the laws of metal flow and the filling of the metal during the forging process were gained and thoroughly discussed. The results revealed that the full forging process can be divided into four periods and precision spur bevel gear can be obtained without causing under-filling and folding defect by using the isothermal forging with closed-die forging structure, which provides guidance to manufacturing the spur bevel gear.


concepts that are difficult for young children to master (even in the terms listed parenthetically here), but they are usually presented in short, often unrelated formats that contribute to the compartmentalization of the child's day and of his or her thinking in general. In my experience, music specialists almost never take the time to engage children in an exploration and discussion of the feelings generated in them as they "experience" the music. The children may enjoy participating in a variety of activities that are accompanied by music, either recorded or student-generated, but I suspect that they do not internalize the experience very much; therefore, they develop an attitude that music plays no important role in their daily lives. As adults, they will perpetuate this attitude and miss some opportunities to understand not only themselves, but also many other importantpeople who move into and out of their lives. They may lead lives of quiet desperation without ever recognizing that they aredesperate. What can we do to remedy this deplorable situation? The answer is that we can do much! Working Together First, we need to become better informed about each other's area of expertise. Early-childhood educators need to study and understand music to a greater degree, and music educators need to learn about the uniqueness and variety of young children. Each of us has knowledge and expertise about our specialty that may not be part of the other's learning; it would be beneficial to all teachers, and particularly to the students, if each teacher was willing to share his or her knowledge with the other. For instance, music teachers might suggest a list of musical experiences for inclusion in the general curriculum. At the same time, the earlychildhood teacher might share knowledge about the learning capabilities and 10 limitations of young children. As the two work together, they might develop a working list of musical experiences that would be more appropriate for the children than would have been possible for either teacher working alone, Sharing knowledge and skills enables ·all of us to develop valuable learning experiences more sensitively for our students. We need to explore ways through which young children can realize that the primary purpose of the arts is to help us become more familiar with feelings. Sensitive educators will exercise care and consideration as they encourage the children to explore and discuss their feelings. Judgments on the part of everyone should be withheld; criticism in any fonn during these early attempts to learn about oneself may cause the individual to withdraw into a protective shell and close off access to the world that is beginning to unfold. Educators must be careful to. probe only to the extent to which the child feels comfortable.~We mustleam to recognize signals from the children and respect their right to share or withhold part of themselves. As we work with young children, remembering that they are not yet capable of abstract thinking, we might discuss with them howwe sometimes feel happy, sad, or even' angry when listening to a particular work of music. We might even share memories associated with music that have been stimulated by external sources (for example, the theme from the overture to William Tell or the "Light Cavalry Overture" might be associated with exciting chases on horseback in movies or on television). Many of us recall the joyous feeling associated with portions of The Nutcracker suite, or the rousing desire to join in the march as we view a band in a parade. How many of us have watched little children dance to music heard on a stereo, radio, or television? Who can deny the light that comes to a baby's face as an adult dances with him or her? We might use these examples as a springboard for initiating further discussion with students. Inexploring feelings with children, it might be helpful to have them identify and share some of their feelings after they listen to, sing, or otherwise "experience" music in the classroom. Caution is necessary in that we are seeking a recognition of the feelings' existence on the part of the children, not a detailed description of the feelings. Additionally, it is important that we accept all feelings suggested by the children, even though we may fmd it difficult to envision the particular association offered; remember that the vocabulary of young children is limited. Equally important is the recognition that each individual thinks differently, and we need to respect those differences, rather than attempt to coerce anyone to fit the mold of another. We need to include music in as many aspects ofthe child's day as possible.


The late Mykola Chubatyi, a leading Ukrainian historian who resided in this country since 1939, recalled in one of his numerous writings (Ukrains'ka istorychna nauka i ii rozvytok ta dosiahnennia, Philadelphia, 1971) an event involving then Secretary of State Dean Rusk. Asked by one of his associates why he never mentions Ukraine, Rusk answered: "Ukraine is not a statenation and there never existed a Ukrainian state." Reminded by an insisting friend that this is not the case, because Ukrainians have had their statehood in the Middle Ages and again during the seventeenth century and the Ukrainian SSR is after all a member of the United Nations, Rusk instantly and professorially fired back that Russia always had some problems in the South.


Objective To establish a model of liver metastasis from colon cancer in BALB/C mice,and to observe the relationship between activated hepatic stellete cell(aHSC) and liver metastasis of colon cancer. Methods Othotopic transplantion of colon cancer tissues were transplanted othotopicly on cecum by making a pouch in 15 mice.The expression of aHSC in liver metastasis,extratumoral liver tissue and liver tissue without metastasis were observed by immunohistochemisty. Results The livermetastatic rates were 40% and 60% respectively 3 and 4 weeks after operation.The expression of aHSC in the liver metastasis was significantly higher than that in the extratumoral liver tissue and the nonmetastatic liver tifssue. Conclusions The orthotopic transplantation of liver metastasis model provides useful tools for the study of mechanism of metastasis.The interaction between aHSC and cancer cell plays an important role in the liver metastasis of colon cancer.


CCTV with recognition is widely used today. They are designed to provide information about the current state of a protected object (process) by collecting, processing, archiving, storing, displaying and analyzing this information.  Modern video surveillance systems seek the outside world through the exchange of data via the Internet and allow not so much to observe the object and record the information received, but lately can process it with the use of image recognition algorithms and automatically affect the object management systems.The purpose of this work is to analyze the features of construction and operation of video surveillance systems, to consider various options for data transfer and the implementation of face recognition. Offer advanced CCTV options, such as additional face identification and emergency communications features.New CCTV systems are being built using IP cameras and related software. Smartphones and tablets, laptops, traditional computers and cloud technologies are also widely used as video viewing devices. Video surveillance is an important part of the security system, where IP cameras, recognition features and information transmission modules are now widely used in security systems.It is advisable to use an IP camera when there is constant Wi-Fi, which allows the information to be transmitted continuously. Surveillance cameras and human identification are important in that they can collect and store individuals' faces.The diversity of people's faces is enormous, which is why the system has a low probability of recognition. The requirements for the design and construction of such systems are incredibly high.Considering all the advantages and disadvantages of different types of data transmission modules, it follows that GSM is the best option for transmitting notifications, as its range is almost limitless. And the video stream can be transmitted both via GSM and via Wi-Fi.As a result of the analysis of modern autonomous CCTV systems, a variant of the system with additional functions is proposed. The system has two communication channels for better communication and identification.This system can be used in offices, establishments, and in ordinary homes. The proposed security system is available in facilities where an admission system is required. The system works as follows. For example, the room has a CCTV system and access is available to only three people. Their faces are already recorded in memory. When a person approaches the camera, the system identifies it and aligns it with the already stored information about the persons it has access to. If there is no match, a message is sent via the GSM module about the penetration of the object and a link to the IP address of the embedded server from which the video is broadcast from the premises.


Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting PD1, PDL1, or CTLA4 are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAE) in multiple organ systems including myocarditis. The pathogenesis and early diagnostic markers for ICI-induced myocarditis are poorly understood, and there is currently a lack of laboratory animal model to enhance our understanding. We aimed to develop such a model using cynomolgus monkeys. Experimental Design: Chinese-origin cynomolgus monkeys were dosed intravenously with vehicle or nivolumab 20 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 15 mg/kg once weekly and euthanized on day 29. Results: Multiple organ toxicities were observed in cynomolgus monkeys, and were characterized by loose feces, lymphadenopathy, and mononuclear cell infiltrations of varying severity in heart, colon, kidneys, liver, salivary glands, and endocrine organs. Increased proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes as well as an increase in activated T cells and central memory T cells in the blood, spleen, and lymph nodes, were observed. Transcriptomic analysis suggested increased migration and activation of T cells and increased phagocytosis and antigen presentation in the heart. Mononuclear cell infiltration in myocardium was comprised primarily of T cells, with lower numbers of macrophages and occasional B cells, and was associated with minimal cardiomyocyte degeneration as well as increases in cardiac troponin-I and NT-pro-BNP. Morphologically, cardiac lesions in our monkey model are similar to the reported ICI myocarditis in humans. Conclusions: We have developed a monkey model characterized by multiple organ toxicities including myocarditis. This model may provide insight into the immune mechanisms and facilitate biomarker identification for ICI-associated irAEs.


A portal server includes a software agent configured to do summary searches for subscribers based on Internet destinations provided by the subscribers, to retrieve information from such destinations based on pre-programmed site information, and to download the summary information to the subscriber. The destinations and the nature of the information to be retrieved is pre-programmed. There is further a configuration and intitiation interface for a subscriber to set up and start a summary search. In some cases the summary searches are configured for individual clients as templates stored and retrieved at the Internet-connected server. Also in some cases retrieved information is immediately sent to the subscriber, and in other situations such information is saved at the portal to be retrieved by a subscriber at a later time. In preferred embodiments of the invention autologins are accomplished for a subscriber at Internet destinations by use of pre-stored configuration information.


The subject and method of innovational analysis are considered as a component of the complex economic analysis of economic activities of an organization (enterprise)


Recently, microwave ovens are preferred because of practical use, saving energy and time in heating treatments such as heating of frozen foods, reheating or cooking of foods. However, news about adverse health effects of microwave cooking methods are often located in print and visual media. In studies, it was reported that food safety and retention of nutritional value of food products cooked in microwave ovens were similar to foods with conventional cooking. However, it has been emphasized that being exposed to microwave radiation could cause health risks. In this review, nutritional value, food safety and health effects of heat treatments in microwave ovens were evaluated.


This article aims to point out some imbrications between the Public Relations activities and the marketing. Considering that the consumerism is growing dramatically in today´s world and that the organizations have invested more and more in publicity and developed ways of brand activation through a variety of stratagems, we believe such positionings can reach the most different publics, engender an action in them and approximate many of the integrated communication mix areas in the complex contemporary scenario of the consumerism society and of the forms of sociabilities.


Introduction: Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is a crucial regulator of gonadal development and reproduction in fish. In addition, it is a possible secretagogue of somatolactin (SL) in teleosts. Little is known about the possible association of GnRH and SL during reproduction of Liza ramada.Aim of the work: The present study was designed to investigate the GnRH and SL immunoreactivities during inducing the final stages of maturation, ovulation and spawning of Liza ramada; to assess the possible actions of these hormones on sexual maturation and spawning of teleosts.Materials and Methods: Histological and immunohistochemical techniques were generally performed to describe the immunoreactivity of both GnRH and SL during ovarian maturation and spawning of Liza ramada.Results: The mammalian GnRH (mGnRH) cell bodies were observed in the medulla oblongata. However, SL-immunoreactive (-IR) cells were detected in the pars intermedia (PI) of the pituitary gland. The GnRH-IR nerve terminals are in close contact with SL-IR pituitary cells. Importantly, the activity of both mGnRH-IR neurons and SL-IR pituitary cells were increased as reflected with the increased cell number and size during sexual maturation and spawning. The activity of these cells was more pronounced as indicated by the increased cells number and size with more immunoreactivity in pre-spawning female. During final maturation and spawning, mGnRH-IR neurons and SL cells showed an increase in the secretory activity as reflected by their small sizes, vacuolated appearance and weak immunoreactivity.Conclusions: Taken together, these findings suggest that the close contact of mGnRH-IR terminals with SL-IR cells in the pituitary, together with the concomitant changes of GnRH and SL immunoreactivity in response to progress in the reproductive events suggest that GnRH may regulate SL release and the regulation of reproductive activity in L. ramada.


In order to evaluate the significance of immunological features in primary Sjgren's syndrome(pSS) with systemic involvement,two hundred and fifty-six patients from Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine in the past ten years were screened retrospectively to analyze the correlation between systemic involvement and antibodies,Ig,as well as complements.Cases showed that 203 patients(79.3%) suffered from systemic involvement.Hematologic abnormality was found to be prominent in these patients(64.9%).Patients with positive anti-SSA antibodies,elevated IgG,or low C4 had higher incidence of hematologic changes.Besides,negative anti-SSA antibodies were associated with high CRP levels.Patients with elevated IgG presented a higher frequency of positive anti-SSA/SSB antibodies.Correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between serum C4 levels and IgG levels.Male patients showed a lower frequency of anti-SSB antibodies.Three scoring systems applied in this study for pSS activity were related to each other,while only ESSDAI correlated with ESR and IgG.Our analysis indicated that the changes of immunological indexes reflect systemic injuries.pSS patients who have positive anti-SSA antibodies,elevated IgG,or low C4 should pay attention to the hematologic involvement.And ESSDAI seems to more accurate in activity change detection.


The amount of carbon in sodium metal which is used as a coolant of fast reactors has the effect on physical and mechanical properties of construction materials for reactors. A method to determine microamount carbon in sodium metal by vacuum distillation-gas chromatography in the ppm level has been developed. Under the argon atmosphere, 1-6 g sodium samples are put into silica crucibles, then crucibles are placed in a stainless steel distillation pot at 673 K and 6. 7 X 10-3 Pa to remove the sodium. The residue is combusted at 1373 K with pure oxygen for 30 minutes. The CO2 formed is collected in a silica gel cold trap (193-173 K) and measured by gas chromatography after disadsorption by boiling water. Many experimental conditions such as distillation, combustion, cold trap, treatment of apparatus and quantitative method have been studied. By this method the relative deviation is less than 12% when the content of carbon in sodium at the range of 5-100 ppm. Standard addition experiments are carried out with nuclear grade graphite and sodium carbonate standards. Within the above range, the recoveries are (104. 9+11.1)% and (100. 8+19)%, respectively. This method has met the technical requirements for carbon analysis in nuclear grade sodium.


Driven by C–H activation-directed self-assembly, a series of organometallic cages, 4a–4e, was obtained from the reaction of [Cp*IrCl2]2 (1) and 2,4,6-tri(4-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine (tpt) (2) with terephthal-bis-aromatic imine ligands 3a–3e in the presence of AgOTf (Tf = O2SCF3). The 1H NMR spectra of 4a–4d revealed that two isomers of the organometallic cages (symmetrical isomer SI-4 and asymmetrical isomer ASI-4) are formed. Pure isomer can be isolated from their chloroform solution of the product mixture by crystallization at low temperature. In the resulting supramolecular assemblies, the two central triazine units are very close, and the centroid···centroid distance between the two triazine moieties is only 3.3 A. These discrete cages can form complexes with a wide variety of π-donor substrates, including Pt(acac)2, pyrene, and coronene. The transannular separation between the centers of the triazine rings in the host–guest complex is now enlarged to about 6.66 A. The preparation of host–guest systems ...


The challenge of clinical teaching is to transform novice nursing students to practicing nurses. The teaching-learning interaction is complex and its effectiveness depend upon the teaching and learning styles of the instructor and student. Clinical instructors with model professional behaviors facilitate clinical learning. A pivotal factor for student success is the teacher's interpersonal and instructional abilities. Student satisfaction with clinical teaching reflects not only strength of clinical teachers but also the positive aspects of clinical education. Clinical teaching excellence could be achieved by having effective clinical instructor characteristics such as professional competence, expert knowledge, demonstrable clinical competence with skills in clinical teaching, positive interpersonal relationships with students that portray confidence, respect, support and accessibility, with effective communicative and collaborative skills. As multicultural faculties are involved in clinical instructions, being aware of effective clinical instructor characteristics that are perceived as important by nursing students, teaching strategies and attitudes can be reinforced, changed, or developed towards excellence in clinical teaching. Being effective clinical Instructor, nursing students can feel clinical learning as an enjoyable experience.


PURPOSE: To prepare an agent for hepatic tissue regeneration, hepatocyte hypertrophy and growth enhancement or treatment of liver diseases comprising a specific macrolide compound or its salt. CONSTITUTION: This agent for hepatic regeneration comprises a compound represented by the formula [R 1 is OH or a protected OH; R 2 is H, OH or a protected OH; R 3 is methyl, ethyl, propyl or allyl; R 4 is OH, methoxy or oxo; (n) is 1 or 2; the bond with the dotted line is a single or a double bond, with the proviso that R 2 is not the protected OH when R 4 is OH or oxo] or its salt, preferably a substance FK5O6. The compound is preferably applied to humans by oral administration and the daily dose thereof is preferably within the range of about 0.01-1,000mg, especially 0.5-100mg. COPYRIGHT: (C)1991,JPO


This paper investigates gender differences in portfolio risk among Canadian men and women and finds that, controlling for a variety of personal and household characteristics, never married men, born post-1966, hold significantly higher risk portfolios relative to single women and married couples. Conversely, observed gender differences among pre-1943 birth cohorts are primarily driven by disparities in characteristics rather than gender or marital status. Previously married women, born 19551966, have remarkably high predicted portfolio risk relative to other women and men in the same cohort.


A limitation of tax return data is the inability to identify members of separate tax units living in the same household. We overcome this obstacle and present the first set of entirely tax-based household income and inequality measures. We find using tax units as a proxy for households overstates household income inequality, as measured by Gini coefficients, by 13 percent. Consistent with previous findings, we also estimate that the CPS understates household income inequality by 5 percent. Compared to conventional tax-unit measures, the federal income tax code and earned income tax credit are less progressive when measured at the household level.


Accessibility is considered a highly relevant quality aspect of software products. However, few websites are designed considering minimum standards that make applications accessible to all people regardless of their capabilities and abilities. Considering that there is a representative percentage of people who experience some form of disability, it is a requirement that government websites that provide information to their citizens meet an appropriate level of compliance. In this study, we report the results obtained from using three accessibility evaluation tools to examine an informative Peruvian government website on the situational status of COVID-19. In addition, the results were compared to determine the differences between the tools. Despite covering the same WCAG standard, the findings demonstrate that the tools evaluate different aspects. Likewise, despite being a government site and being required to comply with a minimum standard of accessibility, the evaluated website lacks some attributes to be accessed by any citizen.


Transferable skills are an essential part of the desirable outcomes of vocational education and have therefore become the focus of the Indonesian vocational education system. The concept is expressed through different terms, such as life skill education, but is still poorly developed in Indonesia. The available educational regulations provide neither a clear definition nor specific instructional guidelines, which would enable educators to translate the concept into practice. In fact, different approaches have been taken to integrating the transferable skills concept into vocational education in Indonesia, such as structuring and restructuring of several competencies within the frequently-reformed vocational curriculum. However, there is still a lack of a clear definition that would guide policy formulation and ultimately implementation, which is due to the absence of scholarly discourse and theories on transferable skills. There is no scientific research community working on defining transferable skills. Instead educational policy makers rely heavily on international consultants who often lack necessary understanding of the country context. To improve this situation, human resources capable of developing the education system need to be fostered in Indonesia.


Literary works present a full prism of potential dimensions that need to be taken into heed in the nexuses of translation. The present paper seeks to employ a lingua-cognitive, stylistic approach to analyze Aslan's novel Aṣafir al-Nil (2005) and its English translation by El-Ghobashy Nile Sparrows (2008) using Leech and Short (2007) lingua-stylistic approach in the light of Boase-Beier's (2004, 2014) cognitive stylistics approach. Ghazala's (2008) proposed translation methods are applied to the analysis of the translational choices. Aslan's source text (ST) exhibits aesthetic, artistic shades displayed in the simple, prolific opus of lexical, rhetorical and grammatical canvas. El-Ghobashy's target text (TT) proves to convey a rather similar literary ingenuity, by employing various translation methods that reflect the lingua-stylistics nuances of Aslan's cognitive, stylistic milieu. With very few exceptions, El-Ghobashy succeeds in retaining the ST lexical ingenuity, its cultural aspects, its idiomatic expressions, metaphors and figures of speech. She also succeeds in modulating the grammatical stylistic structure of the ST to conform to the target language. She also retains the cohesive and contextual devices in the ST to be consistently reflected in the TT. All such translational choices help recreate the ST aesthetic elegance, delineate its locale and retain its cognitive reality by either keeping Aslan's lingua-stylistic features in some instances or manipulating them in others. This, to a great extent, allows the TT to have an ingenious impact on the target reader (TR) close to the one the ST has on the source reader (SR).


Improving the physical characteristics among rhythmic gymnastics (RG) has significant impact on their level of performance. The enhancing of certain characteristics among RG is very helpful in the early stages of RG training process. The current Quasi-experimental study aimed to assess the effects of the core training program on enhancing the physical characteristics including Power (Vertical jump test), Balance (Stork Stand Balance Test), Flexibility (Sit and Reach Test), Strength and endurance (Sit-Up Test) among Malaysian Gymnasts Rhythmic. Forty female rhythmic gymnasts (aged 6-9 years old) from 2 sport clubs located in Kuala lumpur-  Malaysia were selected to participant in this study dividing randomly into intervention and control groups. Participants in the intervention group received 8 weeks of the core training program as the intervention program. The Results showed the core training program had positive effects on the physical characteristics including power (∆mean=-2.95, P 0.5). Overall, the results of the current study showed the intervention program can be introduced as an effective program for improving the physical characteristics of the young female Malaysian Rhythmic Gymnasts. The findings of the current study could be used by Malaysian gymnastics coaches and gymnastics trainers to design and implement a continuous core training program to improve the performance of Malaysian Rhythmic Gymnasts.


In this article, the author profiles software tools designed to make it easier to perform tasks in traffic operations. He describes a number of existing programming languages as well as tools that he has created based on Microsoft's visual studio .NET.


Although metastatic cancer of unknown primary origin (CUP) accounts for but a small proportion of cancer diagnoses, perhaps no other oncologic disease presents as great a challenge to clinicians. It is generally defined as a biopsyconfirmed malignancy in which the primary site remains unidentified after a rigorous but limited initial clinical and radiographic evaluation. CUP represents a heterogenous group of tumors with varied clinical presentations. At the time of diagnosis, the most critical element for optimal patient management is close collaboration and communication between medical and surgical oncologists, radiologists, and pathologists so that adequate tissue samples are obtained for comprehensive pathologic analysis. In a small but important percentage of patients, thorough pathologic review establishes an alternate diagnosis (such as lymphoma, melanoma, germ cell tumor, or neuroendocrine tumor) and a therapeutic strategy can be recommended. Also, certain clinicopathologic presentations have been recognized as favorable subsets in which specific treatment has considerable benefit and prognosis is better. These include abdominal carcinomatosis and axillary node involvement in women, predominant bone metastases in men, isolated cervical or inguinal adenopathy, and midline or retroperitoneal poorly differentiated carcinoma. Unfortunately, approximately 60% of patients diagnosed with CUP have well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, which does not fit in one of these favorable subgroups. For these patients, systemic multi-agent chemotherapy is only of modest value with median survival around 1 year. Optimization of palliative and supportive care is important.


* * Abstract: Formation of a Democratic society and stable democratic government is a big problem of third world counties. Good governance without the concept of the participation of the people is nothing and meaningless. Unfortunately stable democratic government is still a big problem of Pakistan. Sindh a southern province of Pakistan played a big role for the democracy. First general elections were held in 1970, on the basis of adult-franchise. Awami League of Sheikh Mujeeb Rehman won the majority seats of National Assembly. But power was not transferred to the winning party. Awami League demanded for the transfer of power and formation of the government. Army ruler Agha Mohammad Yahya Khan did not agree, resultantly Awami League launched the agitation. Army government started the operation against the League. Finally Indian military intervene and East Pakistan was separated. After that incident power transferred to PPP the majority party of rest Pakistan. But within Six years military ousted Bhutto and Martial law was imposed on 5 th Ju8ly 1977. The people of country in general and specially Sindh did not accept the military rule and fully participated in the movement for restoration of democracy (MRD). The objective of this paper is to examine the struggle of the people of Sindh for democracy.


The invention relates to a system and method for processing a virtual interview by division content. For the division content which is divided into minimum units for the virtual interview, a distribution diagram inversely proportional to a usage amount is generated; in response to cache memory information, containing content request information, of a user terminal, the division content is extracted, and combined content combined with the extracted content is generated and transmitted to the user terminal; the selection probability of the extracted division content is adjusted in the manner that the extracted division content is inversely proportional to the usage amount. According to the system and method, because the cache memory information of the user terminal is considered and combined in real time into the virtual interview information, the application efficiency of a network can be improved; because the selection probability of the division content is adjusted in the manner that the division content is inversely proportional to the usage amount, and the cache memory capacity of the user terminal is considered to add or delete the division content, various questioning type combinations can be adjusted in a balanced mode.


The " National Ecological Function Zoning" of China defined 50 national important ecological function areas,which have great significance on the protection of national and regional ecological security.Indicators were selected from two aspects of ecological stress and ecosystem structure to form ecological security evaluation system,and zoning ecological security evaluation based on remote sensing data of three periods were conducted on national important ecological function areas in order to identify areas where ecological security conditions show deterioration trends,which could provide theoretical and scientific basis for ecological security assurance of national important ecological function areas.Results show that ecological security indices of water conservation areas and biodiversity protection areas were relatively high,while soil conservation areas were in poor situation.Overall ecological security situation of national important ecological function areas has been declined.The ecological environment situation of Dongting Lake flood regulation areas and the southeastern Tibet mountain rainforest biodiversity protection areas improved significantly.While the ecological security index of the wind prevention and sand fixation areas in the middle and lower reaches of Heihe River were the least and had a further declining trend.


In this paper, a new WINNER+-based 3-D non-stationary geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) for multiple-input multiple-output channels is proposed, as well as extended evolving algorithms of time-variant channel parameters. Meanwhile, important statistical properties of the channel model, i.e., time-variant autocorrelation function, time-variant cross-correlation function, and time-variant Doppler power spectrum density are derived and analyzed. Moreover, we propose an efficient hardware implementation method, namely, sum-of-frequency-modulation (SoFM) method, to generate non-stationary channel coefficients. By utilizing compact hardware architecture with SoFM modules, the proposed 3-D non-stationary GBSM is realized on a field-programmable gate array hardware platform. Simulations and hardware measurement results demonstrate that our proposed channel simulator and emulator can get more accurate and realistic Doppler frequency than those of the existing models. In addition, hardware measurements of statistical properties are also well consistent with the corresponding theoretical ones, which verify the correctness of both the hardware emulation scheme and theoretical derivations.


Reconfigurable CNC system, as an extension of open CNC system, can be rapid designed, easy to integrate new technologies and flexible to fulfill different application requirements. In order to implement the reconfigurable CNC system, Component Based Software Engineering appears to be an efficient approach. This paper presents a component model for reconfigurable CNC system, which addresses the special functional and non-functional requirements, such as data-flow oriented, algorithm implementation, reconfiguration, etc. In order to implement the component model and build a prototype of reconfigurable CNC system, the Communication Management Layer is designed which can provide the system services, rapidly integrate the components and change the topology of the CNC system as needed. At last, some experiments are carried out in the designed system. Keywords-reconfigurable CNC system; component technology; system architecture


Objective To evaluate the efficiency of adipose-derived stem cells transfected with adenovirus-mediated bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)combined with demineralized bone matrix (DBM) on the repair of critical-sized radial defects in rabbits.Methods DBM of rabbit was prepared based on the Urist' s method.Rabbit adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were isolated,cultured in vitro,and cells of passage 2 were transfected with recombinant adenovirus vector containing human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rAd5-BMP2-EGFP).These cells were coculmred with DBM and observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM).Critical-size radial defects were made bilaterally in 31 rabbits,and individual sites were implanted with gene enhanced tissue-engineered bone (rAd-BMP2-EGFP-ADSCs/DBM,group A,n =9),tissue-engineered bone without modification (ADSCs/DBM,group B,n =9),single DBM scaffold (DBM,group C,n =9) or no implants (group D,n =4).New bone formation was evaluated at 8 and 24 weeks by X-ray examination,gross samples observation and histological observation.The biomechanical test were also performed 24 weeks postoperation.Results After transfection,the BMP-2 expression was detected by fluorescence microscope indirectly.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) demonstrated integration of ADSCs with the DBM scaffold.8 and 24 weeks after implantation,gross samples observation,histological observation showed that there were new bones formed and the bone defects were repaired successfully to some extent in group A and B,but continuous bony repair was not obtained in group C and D.The X-ray evaluated scores of group A,B and C were 9.12 ±0.47,6.73 ±0.39,and 2.00 ±0.10 at 8 weeks post operation (P<0.05,n=6),and were 11.5 ±0.31,9.00±0.48,2.10±0.10 at 24 weeks post operation (P <0.05,n =12),there was significant difference hetween A,B and C.24 weeks after implantation,biomechanical analysis showed that the maximum loads of group A and B were (97.0 ± 14.7) N and (76.2 ± 9.6) N,the Compressive Strength of group A and B were (8.7 ± 0.4) mPa and (7.0±0.6) mPa,the maximum elasticity of group A and B were (185.3 ±21.9)GPa and (159.8 ± 15.7) GPa,the biomechanical property of group A was better than group B (P < 0.05,n =6).Conclusion The tissue engineered bone (ADSCs/DBM complex) could be an efficient alternative for bone defects repair,after transduction with BMP-2 gene,the osteogenesis of the engineered bone was enhanced.

Key words:
Bone defects repair;  Tissue engineering;  Gene transfection ;  Adipose-derived stern cells ;  Bone morphogenetic protein-2


U.S.Navy can be able to perform the tasks of a global strategy and become the world's most powerful armed forces at sea,which is inextricably linked to its scientific and rational ship equipment maintenance support system.The composition of the U.S.Navy ships and equipment maintenance support system is described from two aspects of the maintenance management and maintenance support,and the characteristics analyses of the U.S.Navy ships equipment maintenance support system are performed,which provides references to maintenance and support construction for our naval forces.


A program based on a 2-D CFD code has been developed to simulate a gas turbine engine. 2-D Navier-Stokes implicit code with k-ω turbulent model is used in compressor and turbine. Lumped method chemical equilibrium code with 10 species of molecular is applied to combustor with assuming perfect mixture and 100% combustion efficiency at constant pressure state. Fluid properties are shared on interfaces between engine components. Compressor supplies outlet temperature and pressure to combustor. At the same time, combustor also carries temperature and pressure to turbine. The back pressure of compressor outlet is transferred by inlet pressure of turbine. Unsteady phenomena in rotor-stator are covered by mixing-plane method. The running condition of engine can be determined only by given the inlet condition of compressor, the outlet condition of turbine, equivalence ratio and rotating speed.


Invited Talk.- An Approach to Quality of Service.- Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning.- A New Classifier Based on Attribute Weighted Artificial Immune System (AWAIS).- Investigating the Effects of Recency and Size of Training Text on Author Recognition Problem.- Model Based Intelligent Control of a 3-Joint Robotic Manipulator: A Simulation Study Using Artificial Neural Networks.- Knowledge Incorporation into ACO-Based Autonomous Mobile Robot Navigation.- The Effects of Data Properties on Local, Piecewise, Global, Mixture of Experts, and Boundary-Optimized Classifiers for Medical Decision Making.- Learning Interestingness of Streaming Classification Rules.- Using Fuzzy Petri Nets for Static Analysis of Rule-Bases.- Protein Structural Class Determination Using Support Vector Machines.- Computer Graphics and User Interfaces.- Flexible and Interactive Crack-Like Patterns Presentation on 3D Objects.- An Occlusion Culling Approach Based on Exploiting Multiple Hardware-Accelerated Occlusion Queries for Dynamical Scenes.- Acceleration of Perspective Volume Rendering Using Depth-Subsampl.- An Efficient Camera Path Computation Using Image-Space Information in Virtual Endoscopy.- Hair Motion Simulation.- Interactive Mouse Systems Providing Haptic Feedback During the Exploration in Virtual Environment.- Developing Finite State NLP Systems with a Graphical Environment.- Computer Networks and Security.- Bandwidth-Aware Scaling for Internet Video Streaming.- The Abnormal Traffic Control Framework Based on QoS Mechanisms.- Proximity-Based Overlay Routing for Service Discovery in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks.- Multicast Routing for Ad Hoc Networks with a Multiclass Scheme for Quality of Service.- HVIA-GE: A Hardware Implementation of Virtual Interface Architecture Based on Gigabit Ethernet.- Modeling TCP Loss Recovery Latency with the Number of Retransmissions.- A Two-Step EM Algorithm for MAP Fitting.- Performance Evaluation of the 802.16 Medium Access Control Layer.- Fixed Size and Variable Size Packet Models in an Optical Ring Network: Complexity and Simulations.- A Tabu Search Algorithm for Sparse Placement of Wavelength Converters in Optical Networks.- Mixed Routing for ROMEO Optical Burst.- A Fast Hardware-Oriented Algorithm for Cellular Mobiles Positioning.- Relay Attacks on Bluetooth Authentication and Solutions.- Reliable Delivery of Popular Data Services in WIDE.- Wireless Interworking Independent CAN Segments.- Real-Time Admission Control Supporting Prioritized Soft Handoff Calls in Cellular DS-CDMA Systems.- Voice Traffic Integration in Wireless Data Networks with Channel State Information.- Blind Collision Resolution Using Retransmission Diversity under Quasi-Static Fading Channels.- CRAM: An Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks.- An Approach for Spam E-mail Detection with Support Vector Machine and n-Gram Indexing.- Finding Breach Paths Using the Watershed Segmentation Algorithm in Surveillance Wireless Sensor Networks.- Biometric Authentication Using Online Signatures.- Computer Vision and Image Processing.- Moving Region Detection in Compressed Video.- Shape Recognition with Generalized Beam Angle Statistics.- 3D Cognitive Map Construction by Active Stereo Vision in a Virtual World.- 3D Real Object Recognition on the Basis of Moment Invariants and Neural Networks.- A Novel Watermarking for Image Security.- Boosting Face Recognition Speed with a Novel Divide-and-Conquer Approach.- A New Document Watermarking Algorithm Based on Hybrid Multi-scale Ant Colony System.- An Image Retrieval System Based on Region Classification.- Database Systems.- Temporal Data Modeling and Integrity Constraints in Relational Databases,.- Query Builder: A Natural Language Interface for Structured Databases.- Situation-Aware Coordination in Multi-agent Filtering Framework.- A Study on Answering a Data Mining Query Using a Materialized View.- Efficient Methods for Database Storage and Retrieval Using Space-Filling Curves.- Modeling and Performance Evaluation.- Modelling Mobility with PEPA Nets.- Modelling Role-Playing Games Using PEPA Nets.- Fault-Tolerant and Scalable Communication Mechanism for Mobile Agents.- CSL Model Checking for the GreatSPN Tool.- Performance and Dependability Analysis of Fault-Tolerant Memory Mechanisms Using Stochastic Well-Formed Nets.- UML Design and Software Performance Modeling.- Stubborn Sets for Priority Nets.- Model-Driven Maintenance of QoS Characteristics in Heterogeneous Networks.- A Performance Study of Context Transfer Protocol for QoS Support.- A Methodology for Deriving Per-Flow End-to-End Delay Bounds in Sink-Tree DiffServ Domains with FIFO Multiplexing.- Performance Analysis of a Predictive and Adaptive Algorithm in Cluster-Based Network Servers with Resource Allocation.- ARTIS: A Parallel and Distributed Simulation Middleware for Performance Evaluation.- Comparison of Web Server Architectures: A Measurement Study.- Modeling Dynamic Web Content.- Behavioral Intrusion Detection.- Biological Metaphors for Agent Behavior.- The Effects of Web Logs and the Semantic Web on Autonomous Web Agents.- Social Network of Co-occurrence in News Articles.- Using CORBA to Enhance HLA Interoperability in Distributed and Web-Based Simulation.- Designing and Enacting Simulations Using Distributed Components.- Semi-formal and Formal Models Applied to Flexible Manufacturing Systems.- New Computer Model of a Dipolar System with Hexagonal Geometry in Presence of an External Electric Field.- Natural Language Processing.- A Linguistically Motivated Information Retrieval System for Turkish.- SmartReader: An NLP-Based Interactive Reading Application for Language Learning.- A Preprocessor for Turkish Text Analysis.- he Effect of Part-of-Speech Tagging on IR Performance for Turkish.- Parallel and Distributed Computing.- A New Pareto-Based Algorithm for Multi-objective Graph Partitioning.- Parkway 2.0: A Parallel Multilevel Hypergraph Partitioning Tool.- Data-Parallel Web Crawling Models.- Parallel Implementation of the Wave-Equation Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method Using the Message Passing Interface.- A Parallel Genetic Algorithm/Heuristic Based Hybrid Technique for Routing and Wavelength Assignment in WDM Networks.- Static Mapping Heuristics for Tasks with Hard Deadlines in Real-Time Heterogeneous Systems.- An Advanced Server Ranking Algorithm for Distributed Retrieval Systems on the Internet.- Real-Time Control Applications.- Energy-Aware Strategies in Real-Time Systems for Autonomous Robots.- Multirate Feedback Control Using the TinyRealTime Kernel.- An Educational Open Source Real-Time Kernel for Small Embedded Control Systems.- Coordinating Distributed Autonomous Agents with a Real-Time Database: The CAMBADA Project.- Software Engineering and Programming Systems.- A Static Approach to Automated Test Data Generation in the Presence of Pointers.- A Use-Case Based Component Identification Approach for Migrating Legacy Code into Distributed Environment.- Software Testing via Model Checking.- Mutation-Like Oriented Diversity for Dependability Improvement: A Distributed System Case Study.- JAWIRO: Enhancing Java with Roles.- A Survey of Public-Key Cryptography on J2ME-Enabled Mobile Devices.- Thread-Sensitive Points-to Analysis for Multithreaded Java Programs.- Theory of Computing.- Correctness Requirements for Multiagent Commitment Protocols.- Generating Equiprobable Superpositions of Arbitrary Sets for a New Generalization of the Deutsch-Jozsa Algorithm.- Proof of the Basic Theorem on Concept Lattices in Isabelle/HOL.- System BV without the Equalities for Unit.- Comparison of Different Variable and Value Order Strategies for the Optimum Solution of a Single Machine Scheduling Problem with Sequence-Dependent Setups.


Punching press processes are useful processes for producing a lot of kinds of mechanical components such as automobile parts and other parts. In the punching press process using a punch and a die, a sheared surface and a fractured surface are usually formed on the cut surface. To produce more accurate parts which have small fractured surfaces, it is important to estimate the ratio of the sheared surface to the cut surface before making a punch and a die. Punching conditions such as clearance must be selected within the limits of cost constraints because higher precision punches and dies are needed for small clearance. The finite element method (FEM) has been applied to analyze the ratio of the sheared surface to the fractured surface along the cut surfaces. For this purpose, many researchers have used ductile fracture criteria for the fracture initiation of the cut surface. However, it is difficult to determine the fracture criteria on the cut surface by tensile tests or bending tests because the punching process involves many complicated steps. In this study, FEM is applied to calculate the ductile fracture criteria for the punching process proposed by Cockcroft and Latham [1], Oyane [2]. The ductile fracture criteria were compared with the boundary between the shear surface and the fracture surfaces using experimental results performed with a simple punching system. The values of ductile fracture criteria for the fracture initiation of the cut surface were predicted under various clearances between the punch and the die with various punch diameters.


According to the problem that the traditional map-building method has high complexity, a map-matching method based on the combination of normal distribution transform (NDT) and environment feature extraction is proposed. The real-time environment information is obtained by two dimension laser sensors, from which the geometric feature is extracted and it will be transformed into normal distribution using NDT method, then the map is matched the by Newton' s algorithm. The method can reduce the complexity of the traditional NDT process, improving the efficiency of the map-matching. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the method.


This study aimed to assess the perceptions and career choices made by Technikon Witwatersrand Homoeopathy graduates from 1998 to 2004. It is noted that Technikon Witwatersrand (TWR) is now known as University of Johannesburg; however as the name change did not occur at the time of this study, this study refers to this institution as TWR throughout. The study was designed to investigate their demographic composition as well as aspects concerning career choices, the status of their practices and the reality of Homoeopathy being a viable and satisfactory career choice.


The process study on enrichment and recovery of tellurium from lead anode slime and its production practice were introduced in this paper.The high grade of tellurium slag were produced and the tellurium containing reached about 20%based on improving process and modifying equipment,and its economic benefits was obvious.


Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a disease affecting immunocompromised patients. PCP among these patients is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.In this paper, the prevention crowd of prevention, the effective of prevention and means of prevention are reviewed.

Key words:
Immunocompromised; Non-HIV; Pneumocystis pneumonia; TMP/SMX; Prevention


In the design of composite foundation,rigid pile spacing is equal 3~5 times the pile diameter,pile length and pile diameter based on the design of composite foundation bearing capacity and settlement target identified.comparing the composite foundation bearing capacity and settlement calculation level,the rigid pile composite foundation settlement level is particularly important,and deformation control design is more reasonable.In this paper,based on the existing theory and the theory considering the pile cap effect of composite foundation,used the rigid pile load test results and multi-pile composite foundation large load test results,to improve existing settlement calculation method of rigid pile composite foundation,reached a preliminary conclusion for design reference.


Introduction Mathematical methods have subtly gained a significant role in today's both theoretical and clinical medicine. Well established procedures in diagnostics and therapy planning rely on advanced numerical methods. Nevertheless, the required calculations are not easily performed. According to several studies many physicians seem to have difficulties in performing calculations like determining drug doses or fluid balancing [Rolfe and Harper 1995, Potts and Phelan 1996, Lesar et al. 1997]. Apart from possible shortcomings in medical education these disenchanting results may predominantly be caused by poor availability of the required equations in the clinical setting and a lack of ease in performing the respective calculations. Some years ago, our group developed a web based service (MFM, "MŸnchener Formelsammlung der Medizin / Munich Formulary of Medical Sciences") offering some essential equations along with an option to perform calculations for us with standard web browsers [Dietrich et al. 1997]. This CGI-based system was implemented as a combination of QTML (QuickTime Media Layer) and server-sided AppleScript. Although this prototype enjoyed an unexpected demand it was also faced with some intrinsic limitations. First, it was of course only accessible from computers connected to the web. In view of the target audience at smaller hospitals, general practitioners or in emergency medicine where internet access would come with regular charges this would prove as a relevant restriction. Furthermore, the AppleScript based calculation subsystem showed poor performance although running on a high performance RISC server. Finally, the data format proved to be not universal enough for all intended uses as HTML, specialized for web applications, only poorly separates formatting from content. With these experiences we decided to reimplement the system nearly from scratch as a new program (FORMICA = formulary of mathematics in clinical application) providing the intended contents in several flavours: A stand alone application for common operating systems should be accomplished by an advanced web based service and a concise printed version with essential equations for clinical practice. Therefore, we chose to develop a data format flexible enough to be easily converted to standard markup languages like HTML, XHTML or WML or to prepress imaging standards as PostScript, PDF or MIF. Additionally, the format should be compact and robust and allow for fast rendering even on older machines. Methods FORMOSA, FORMICA's data format, is a language system consisting of an XML application (fML) and a scripting language (fScript). Unlike HTML with its plethora of detailed formatting tags fML focuses on content and therefore shows only a minimum of layout elements, predominantly to include multimedia objects like images or movies. To allow for reusing the calculation scripts of the MFM precursor project fScript was designed to resemble AppleScript, although in a simpler form. A first version of the stand alone application has been developed for Macintosh computers with the THINK Pascal environment (Symantec Corporation, Cupertino, Ca., USA). Following the demonstration of Niklas Wirth's PL/0 compiler [Wirth 1986] the parsing engine has been designed in a cascading manner beginning with a scanner routine reading in the respective next character from the FORMOSA source. This scanner is used by a middle level service that, depending on the current context, either recognizes valid FORMOSA symbols or assigns them, should they be newly defined fScript denominators like variables or function definitions. This service again is used by higher level procedures that read whole XML elements, text blocks of encoded character data or fScript segments. High level routines make use of these services to parse lists, entry blocks or forms written in fML or to interpret fScript code. Data entry was realized with a FileMaker Pro Database (FileMaker Corporation, Santa Clara, Ca., USA) to allow editing equation documents including multimedia objects and calculation scripts, before this information is read out via AppleScript to create XML files for inclusion as resources in the FORMICA application.


This thesis describes the algorithm IS-OPT that integrates scheduling of vehicles and duties in public bus transit. IS-OPT is the first algorithm which solves integrated vehicle and duty scheduling problems arising in medium sized carriers such that its solutions can be used in daily operations without further adaptions. This thesis is structured as follows: The first chapter highlights mathematical models of the planning process of public transit companies and examines their potential for integrating them with other planning steps. It also introduces descriptions of the vehicle and the duty scheduling problem. Chapter 2 motivates why it can be useful to integrate vehicle and duty scheduling, explains approaches of the literature, and gives an outline of our algorithm IS-OPT. The following chapters go into the details of the most important techniques and methods of IS-OPT: In Chapter 3 we describe how we use Lagrangean relaxation in a column generation framework. Next, in Chapter 4, we describe a variant of the proximal bundle method (PBM) that is used to approximate linear programs occurring in the solution process. We introduce here a new variant of the PBM which is able to utilize inexact function evaluation and the use of epsilon-subgradients. We also show the convergence of this method under certain assumptions. Chapter 5 treats the generation of duties for the duty scheduling problem. This problem is modeled as a resourceconstraint- shortest-path-problem with non-linear side constraints and nearly linear objective function. It is solved in a two-stage approach. At first we calculate lower bounds on the reduced costs of duties using certain nodes by a new inexact label-setting algorithm. Then we use these bounds to speed up a depth-first-search algorithm that finds feasible duties. In Chapter 6 we present the primal heuristic of IS-OPT that solves the integrated problem to integrality. We introduce a new branch-and-bound based heuristic which we call rapid branching. Rapid branching uses the proximal bundle method to compute lower bounds, it introduces a heuristic node selection scheme, and it utilizes a new branching rule that fixes sets of many variables at once. The common approach to solve the problems occurring in IS-OPT is to trade inexactness of the solutions for speed of the algorithms. This enables, as we show in Chapter 7, to solve large real world integrated problems by IS-OPT. The scheduled produced by IS-OPT save up to 5% of the vehicle and duty cost of existing schedules of regional and urban public transport companies.


The clinical records and pathology reports from patients treated at the Otologic Medical Group with a diagnosis of temporal bone glandular tumor were reviewed. From 1961 through 1990, sixteen cases were identified. Original pathology specimens were studied by light and electron microscopy (EM). Pertinent clinical information was tabulated, imaging studies (where available) were reviewed, and patients were contacted for followup.


This paper describes a device ("piezomanometer") that combines three components (an oil‐water manometer, a pushable screened PVC probe, and a system for groundwater sample collection) into a single inexpensive ($130), easily built, reliable tool for rapid collection of shallow groundwater from a streambed or lake bed and accurate measurement of even very small head differences between this groundwater and overlying surface water. The piezomanometer has been tested with excellent results both in the lab and in a stream shallow enough for wading; in principle, it could be adapted for use in deeper water where work is done from a dock, boat, or other platform. The problem of gas bubbles collecting in the groundwater line (a common drawback of field manometers) was nearly eliminated by use of a three‐way valve at a local elevation maximum in the groundwater line (gas bubbles in the groundwater line can be purged through this valve). Field application is illustrated here with data from a 2‐day study using four piezomanometers in a North Carolina stream.


It seems likely that individuals would be especially attuned to the kinds of social grouping that typically occur in their own species. Consider for example a male hamadryas baboon who herds females when experimentally transferred to a savanna baboon troop (cf. Kummer 1968). He acts as if he is establishing and protecting a harem, and responds to females in terms of whether or not they are members of his harem. When the females enter estrus, however, it is clear that the savanna males do not behave as if this harem exists; this "group" of females that is recognized by the hamadryas male is apparently not recognized by the savanna males.


Selective explanation on history of mathematics thematic is a very important content in math course reformation of senior high school.The paper discusses the math history,based on the theory and practice from 4 points,that is,the meaning of teaching and history,he selection principle of content,teaching strategy and teaching assessment.


After seed of special precocious maize F_1 soaked for 6 h was treated with ultra-low temperature for 15 minutes,its subsequent generation had 3.3%-10.0% variation.The self-bred line 99-3 with resistance-low temperature and high filling velocity was selected by breeding,the filling velocity was 4.6 mg/(kernel·d),82.5% higher than that of common maize,which fully used nature energy and prolonged filling period. Under the condition of low temperature of 16.3 ℃,the filling velocity of special precocious single cross hybrid Jizaodan 2 was 67.9% higher than that of the control Jichengdan 3,and 97.6% higher than Chunzhaodan 2.The yield was 20.5% higher in test plot.


As the numbet of pages would attest, this is a very comprehensive history ofwomen medievalists who have shared in the creation of medieval studies as a scholarly discipline since the sevenreenth century, the first scholar given a biography being Elizabeth Elstob (1683-1756), an independent scholar, as are the three other women whose biographies begin rhe book. Elstob published the first grammar of Old English in the vernacular. The others are Independent Scholars because they had no university affiliation, either as student or faculty. In this way the lives ofsome women medievalists have come full circle because today, because of the 'budget constraints' ofpersonnel departments, some women medievalists find themselves 'Independent Scholars' once again. There may have been orher women medievalists in the earlier centuries, but they remain unknown. A chronology at the beginning ofthe work helps the reader situate the women in their historical context, very important for realizing the sweep of the work's ¡mentions. There are biographies and autobiographies of seventy-two women medievalists, accompanied by portraits or photographs. The collection answers Chance's question in her Introduction: 'Can women speakwithout making crablike gesrures and movements either personal or eccentric?'(xxv). The answer is well documented with notes and an extensive bibliography, including a short bibliography of each medievalist's published work, making for quite a record of achievement. A list of contributors and an extensive Index completes the book. Women scholars from many countries are profiled: Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Bulgaria, England, France, Holland, Ireland, Japan, Poland, Spain, Wales, the United States, including a variety of disciplines from lexicography, philology, mysticism, as well as art history, intellectual history, history, languages, literature, archaeology intellectual history, quite a wide spread of fields, where women scholars have made stellar contriburions to the growth of the discipline ofmedieval studies. Within each discipline, the various divisions also include specialists. For example, in the discipline of linguistics, women have contribured studies on Anglo-Norman, Medieval Latin, Old English, Celtic, as well as study of the manuscripts containing the languages. No subdivision of a discipline has been neglected. The question that forms the collection's foundation is the question Elizabeth Elstrob asks ar the beginning of her own grammar of Old English: 'What has a woman to do with learning?' For a grammarian ofOld English, the question echoes Alcuin's question to the bishop of Lindisfarne in the eighth century abour the monks'


50 years ago, on June 11, 1963 president John F Kennedy, in live television, gave his commemorated speech to the American people where he declared his demand for civil rights for all Americans. The film Guess who is coming to dinner (Stanley Kramer, 1967) was an attempt to raise this question again by bringing up the topic of interracial marriage. This essay aims at studying how this is done, by scrutinizing the norms and stereotypes used in the film, verbally and non-verbally, by using theories and methods from three fields: cognitive cultural semiotics, social psychology and film.


In label printers for linerless labels is the problem that the self-adhesively coated surface (4) is exposed of the printing label tape during passage through the printer and a transport of the label tape serving through the printer roller (10) is guided by it for a output at the output (15) of the printer must be released. In the invention, the label tape is transported back before transport to the printing direction for a short distance in the opposite direction and thereby brought about a reliable separation of the label strip of the transport roller (10).


A fully nonlinear, three-dimensional numerical model is developed for the simulation of tidal flow over arbitrary bottom topography in an ocean with realistic stratification. The model is capable of simulating accurately the generation of fine-scale internal wave tidal beams, their interaction with an ocean thermocline and the subsequent generation of solitary internal waves that propagate on this thermocline. Several preliminary simulation results are shown for uniform and non-uniform flow over an idealized two-dimensional ridge, which are compared with linear theory, and for flow over an idealized two-dimensional continental shelf.


I t has been shown in at least three laboratories that when blood leukocytes are stimulated to secrete leukocyte pyrogen, a two-stage process is involved (1-3). During the first stage, protein synthesis occurs; and if this is prevented by any of several inhibitors, no leukocyte pyrogen subsequently appears. At the end of the first stage, very little pyrogen can be obtained by extraction of the cells with a variety of solvents, and it is presumed that pyrogen exists in the form of an inactive precursor (4). During the second stage, pyrogen release from the cells can be inhibited only by reagents that bind to sulfhydryl groups (5) ; neither protein synthesis nor a source of energy seem to be required (1-3). The first stage is referred to as "act ivat ion" of leukocytes, and the second, as "secretion" of pyrogen by leukocytes. I t seemed likely that pyrogen was itself synthesized during the activation of leukocytes (1, 2). However, several investigators (3, 6) had failed to demonstrate incorporation of radiolabeled amino acids into partially purified pyrogen samples. Since leukocyte pyrogen constitutes only about 0.01% of the protein present in crude pyrogen (7), it seemed likely that labeling of pyrogen was obscured by large amounts of other labeled proteins. If leukocytes were activated in the presence of radiolabeled amino acids and the pyrogen they secreted was then purified to homogeneity, it should be possible to demonstrate labeling of leukocyte pyrogen. A series of such labeling and purification experiments are here described.


We report a case of a 20-year-old female. The patient presented since the age of 10 years, left anterior purulent rhinorrhea, fetid and recurrent when antibiotic treatment was stopped. This rhinorrhea was associated with chronic ipsilateral nasal obstruction and cacosmia.


President Arribas, distinguished guests, members, and friends of the Society: I am pleased to present to you the SEG Ralph W. Marsden awardee for 2012, Dr. Allan P. Juhas. The Ralph W. Marsden Award is presented for "outstanding service to SEG" and is based on a person's record of exceptional stewardship and contributions to the Society. Marsden's long association with and substantial contributions to SEG have been noted in the past and led to the establishment of this award. The Society provides several awards named after individuals, and I think it is worth pausing briefly to note that these are named after individuals whose peers of the time felt compelled to honor their contributions in some special manner. Their influence extended beyond the Society and further complemented their contributions.

I had the good fortune to be a student under Marsden, and I came to see that his influence on the Society extended well beyond …


Blade-stiffened, compression-loaded cover panels were designed, manufactured, analyzed, and tested. All panels were fabricated from IM6/1808I interleafed graphite-epoxy. An orthotropic blade stiffener and an orthotropic skin were selected to satisfy the design requirements for an advanced aircraft configuration. All specimens were impact damaged prior to testing. Experimental results were obtained for three- and five-stiffener panels. Analytical results described interlaminar forces caused by impact and predicted specimen residual strength. The analytical results compared reasonably with the experimental results for residual strength of the specimens.


The present invention relates to a video camera system which has a 360 degree range for video recording inside and outside of vehicle such as but not limited to an automotive vehicle. The camera housing (5) may have any geometric shape and can either be formed as part of the housing of a rear view mirror (8) of the automotive vehicle (1) or as a housing separate from the housing of the rear view mirror of the automotive housing.


Operating and financial data from the New York City Transit Authority were used to explore the relative differences in performance between local and peak-period express bus service. Using a three-variable cost allocation model, both service types were analyzed in terms of patronage, revenue, cost, deficit, and proportional resource consumption. Results of this analysis, while somewhat unique in terms of the magnitude of values, provide a number of useful insights. Analysis revealed that: (1) on a per bus mile basis, express bus service was less costly than local service, reflecting the consequence of higher speed in a labor-intensive industry, (2) cost per bus hour was greater for the express service, attributed to labor agreement provisions adverse to peak period service, (3) express service exhibited a higher cost per passenger due to its inability to turn over seats, (4) because of the turnover of seats, local bus service generated greater revenue per bus mile and per bus hour, in spite of a differential fare structure with express fares three times local service, and (5) vehicle utilization (bus miles per peak vehicle) was greater for local routes. The most revealing result was the degree to which express service contributed to total system deficit. In the New York case study, express service accounted for only one in 59 passengers, but required one-tenth of total system subsidy. The author cautions that these findings should not be regarded as an attempt to discourage the implementation or expansion of express service, but should be used as the basis of making informed decisions on allocating scarce transit resources.


The Universe is a fractal of 5 Dimensions of space-time that reproduces information and then self-organizes networks and systems that evolve into superorganisms in all scales of reality. The metric equation of the fifth dimension of space-time is simple as all space-time metric are: S (size in space) x T (speed of time clocks) = Constant. So smaller parts have more speed of time clocks which carry its in-form-ation in the form and frequency of its cycles, coding larger systems: genes code cells, memes code social organisms and particles' quantum numbers code physical systems. But larger forms have more spatial energy and enclose and control in synchronicity its faster smaller parts, creating the co-existing scales and symbiotic cycles of super organisms in any 'stience' of space time organisms. It also allows systems to travel through its scales by growing in size, while diminishing in time speed, as we do from birth as a fast reproducing seminal cell which emerges with slower clocks as an organism, part of a superorganism, mother earth, which has even slower geological cycles


Variations of species composition and population size of planktonic algae were studied in relation to the different nutrient levels in a eutrophic pond and an oligotrophic lake. The results obtained were discussed in comparison with the changes in photosynthesis and chlorophyll of several algal populations cultured under different nutrient conditions. As based on unialgal culture experiments two types of algae (the Chlorella-type and the Melosira-type) could be distinguished with regard to variations of photosynthesis and chlorophyll in response to different nutrient levels. Distribution of the Chlorella-type algae may be confined to eutrophic waters, while the Melosira-type algae can be distributed widely in waters from oligotrophic to eutrophic.


With the unceasing thorough of the enterprise information processed,the information system became more and more,the difficulty in the seamless integration and maintenance between the SAP system and other information systems was bigger,the traditional peer-to-peer spider web's integration method could no longer meet the growing demand,and the XI technology provided a brand-new integration environment.The paper researched the framework and connectivity technology of XI,and with the application background of SAP and equipment management system(EAM) integration,put forward an integration plan based on XI technology.It obtained the stable result in the project implementation,and provided new reference to the enterprise information plan.


Abstract Carbonyl compounds 2 are converted into conjugated dienals 3. in a one pot reaction, by a condensation with lithio-4 trimethylsiloxybutadiene, followed by a mild acidic hydrolysis.


: We describe temperature-ramped spin-exchange optical pumping (TR-SEOP) in an automated high-throughput batch-mode 129 Xe hyperpolarizer utilizing three key temperature regimes: (i) " hot "  where the 129 Xe hyperpolarization rate is maximal, (ii) " warm "  where the 129 Xe hyperpolarization approaches unity, and (iii) " cool "  where hyperpolarized 129 Xe gas is transferred into a Tedlar bag with low Rb content (<5 ng per ∼ 1 L dose) suitable for human imaging applications. Unlike with the conventional approach of batch-mode SEOP, here all three temperature regimes may be operated under continuous high-power (170 W) laser irradiation, and hyperpolarized 129 Xe gas is delivered without the need for a cryocollection step. The variable-temperature approach increased the SEOP rate by more than 2-fold compared to the constant-temperature polarization rate (e.g., giving e ff ective values for the exponential buildup constant γ SEOP of 62.5 ± 3.7 × 10 − 3 min − 1 vs 29.9 ± 1.2 × 10 − 3 min − 1 ) while achieving nearly the same maximum % P Xe value


As more providers establish remote services for remote repair, remote diagnosis and maintenance purposes to provide greater value to their customers, understanding what creates a satisfying customer experience becomes crucial. Even though this understanding appears crucial, no studies have examined the factors that make customers satisfied with remote services. To partly fill this void, the authors examine the role that customer perceptions of (1) remote service technology, (2) remote service workflow, (3) economic value, (4) information exchange, (5) interaction, (6) remote service individualization, and (7) auxiliary services play in customer remote service satisfaction assessments. They find that remote service technology, remote service workflow, and interaction are the dominant factors in customer assessments of satisfaction. The authors discuss the implications of these findings and offer directions for future research.


BMC (Bulk Molding Compound) is composed of glass fiber, UP (unsaturated polyester) resin and filler. Bagasse is the waste obtained after squeezing sugar cane. Our purpose is use bagasse fiber as a reinforcement and filler of BMC, and fabricate product by injection molding and injection compression molding. The mechanical properties of product were improved after adding bagasse fiber. Viewing the fracture surface on tensile test specimen through SEM, we could observe the glass fibers were penetrated into the bagasse fibers longitudinally. Along with the UP resin solidifying, the glass fibers were firmly fixed into the bagasse fibers and finally united with them. This effect indicated the glass fiber length was prolonged so that the adhesion interface with UP resin became larger, and leaded to increase the mechanical properties. Otherwise, it was observed the UP resin was sufficiently permeated through the bagasse fibers and solidified. These phenomena also contributed to enhance the mechanical properties drastically.


AbstractA marked, rapid rise in the IgM concentration was found in 2 cases of cytomegalovirus mononucleosis. These patients showed signs of liver involvement with a moderate increase in SGOT and SGPT and elevation of the thymol values. A third patient with normal transaminase and thymol values had no IgM changes.


Door intercom system with a call and / or display module (10) having a liquid crystal display (11) having a backlight, and at least one illuminated operator control element, characterized, is that provided for controlling the brightness of the lighting of the operating element and / or the brightness of the backlight of the liquid crystal display (11) includes means for pulse width modulation, that a brightness sensor (17) for detecting the ambient brightness in at least a portion of the pulse intervals of the pulse width modulation is provided, that the brightness sensor (17), a light emitting diode (15) for lighting the operating element and a control element associated to the push-button switch (16) are arranged on a common circuit board (12), that the brightness sensor (17) is arranged in at least one of backlit Controls, that the control path in the direction of the momentary switch (16) by a support ring (21) can be limited, and that of a light guide ring (18) is seated for entries on the support ring (21) encompassed control knob (19), wherein the light guide ring (18) articulated on the one hand light from the side-firing in the plane of the board light emitting diode (15) in the direction of an operator, and the other hand, ambient light in the brightness sensor (17) couples.


KEVIN RUDD, ATKINS PLC, UK, QUESTIONS WHETHER SELECTING CHEAPER EQUIPMENT FROM CHINESE TURNKEY SUPPLIERS WILL RESULT IN HIGHER LIFECYCLE COSTS.


This paper introduces the design concept of the Trans-Tokyo Bay Bridge in Japan, which is a group of continuous girder bridges. The bridge is 4.4km long, with 42 piers. The span over the navigation channel is 240m long. There are alluvial sand and clay layers 5m to 20m below the sea bed. Steel box girders with orthotropic decks have been adopted as superstructure, because of its light dead weight and rapid construction. The bridge is designed to have long continuous girders, to increase its seismic resistance. Composite steel piers with steel piles are used for piers 1 to 12. For piers 3 to 13, the girder and the piers are fixed with hinge joints, except for the end piers. From pier 13 to the shallow water area, piers are concrete and relatively stiff, so that rubber bearings are used to obtain a multi-span continuous bridge. Expansion joints are used to handle earthquakes and temperature changes. A special device is attached to the girder ends, to prevent the girder from falling from the piers in the event of an earthquake; it is designed to work after the expansion joints and bearing stoppers collapse. For the covering abstract see IRRD 873218.


What happens when research involves a high risk activity? Read here to find out how the new health and safety protocol on Diving at Work benefited the research of two academics in the Faculty of Biological Sciences.


Recent years have seen increasing interest in narrative-centered learning environments. However, the same qualities that make them engaging can also introduce seductive details that invite off-task behavior. This paper examines off-task behavior in the CRYSTAL ISLAND narrative-centered learning environment. Results from an empirical study examining the relationships between student test performance, individual differences, and off-task behavior are presented. The study found negative correlations between off-task behavior and test performance, as well as significant gender effects on the total amount of off-task behavior. Initial conclusions from a path analysis conducted on students' action sequences are also presented.