Sand and gravels are the unrecognised foundational material of our economies. They are mined the world over, with aggregates accounting for the largest volume of solid material extracted globally (Peduzzi, 2014; Beiser, 2018). At the same time, these materials cannot be produced from our terrestrial, riverine and marine environments in quantities needed to meet demand from a world of 10 billion people without effective policy, planning, regulation and management. Such actions remain largely unaddressed by decision makers in public or private sectors. It is time to challenge the paradigm of in nite sand resources through constructive dialogue and solution- nding. This report aims to be the starting point from which a productive global conversation on sand extraction can begin. This synthesis was produced following a United Nations Environment Programme expert roundtable event held on 11 October 2018 in Geneva, Switzerland. The discussions emphasised potential solutions for mitigating mineral sands and aggregates extraction impacts and generating adequate support for responsible consumption pathways. Expert views were collated and complemented with additional research and consultation to distil key messages on an agenda for tackling this issue in 2019 and beyond.


This paper examines the nature and origins of state–society relations in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It traces the region's predatory state–society relations to slavery and colonialism and the concomitant extractive institutions, which are not conducive to sustainable economic development. Consequently, attempts to achieve sustainable development have been largely futile. The paper proposes a strategy for transforming the region's economic and governance institutions for inclusive and enduring growth and development. This strategy includes the promulgation and enforcement of coherent international codes and guidelines for state–society relations.


Past reading acquisition research has provided support for the hypothesis that sensitivity to the sound structure of words (phonological skill) is related to the development of effective orthographic (letter-pattern) processing (Ehri. 1992). The experiment reponed here examined the hypothesis that quick and efficient access to letter codes might also be related to the development of orthographic abilities. A new measure of orthographic awareness. based on differential reaction tirne to high and low frequency letter patterns. was developed. The emergence of children's sensitivity to orthopphic structure was examined mong children in grades 1, 2. luid 3. using the new measure and two more conventional


Micro, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the economy has an important role and strategis.Pembinaan and pengembanganUMKM is a necessity in order to improve the regional economy. Given the variety and range of SME varies widely both in quantity and coverage is almost at all sectors of the economy so that it appears management problems of SMEs that do not focus on commodities and potensial.Kondisi type of business that can have impact on the promotion and development of SMEs which do not have efektif.Penelitian aims to determine the life cycle of commodities and types of businesses as well as the strategy of development of SMEs featured in Tanjungbalai so that it can support the improvement of the regional economy in KotaTanjungbalai. The data used in the analysis method Product Life Cycle analysis and SWOT analysis. The results showed that fish salting business, financial services, trade of fishery products, aquaculture clams, sea fishing, the fish meal industry business, the business of merchants of agricultural and minimarket business has relatively better prospects when compared to fish farming ditambak and budidaya.Sedangkan development potential varies from very high, high and medium. Alternative development model for the development of SMEs in Tanjungbalai is expected through the formation of clusters by strengthening the agribusiness system from upstream to downstream (Value Chain Agribusiness). Keywords: SMEs, Cycle, Commodities and Commodity Business Type


Background: One of the most important and common feature of chronic kidney disease is Hypoalbuminemia and is considered a poor prognostic factor. Low levels of Serum albumin are a predictor of growth failure and are strongly associated with increase death rate in pediatric patients undergoing hemodialysis with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), especially a challenge in underdeveloped countries. Aim: To evaluate the association of serum albumin level with hospitalization and rate of death in ESRD hemodialyzed pediatric patients. Study Design: Cohort study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Child Health Sciences, Lahore from 1st January 2018 to 31st January 2022 Methodology: Ninety two children on hemodialysis and aged 5-16 years were included. Data including patient demographics, anthropometry, date of dialysis initiation, diagnosis, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, dialysis access (HD line/AV fistula), laboratory parameters, compliance to dialysis prescription, and frequency of hospitalization and combined duration of hospital stay was recorded. Results: The mean age at dialysis was 10.6±2.7 years with male to female ratio of 1.3:1. The mean duration on dialysis was 2.03±0.9 years. In our study, CAKUT (42.4%) was the most commonly occurring underlying etiology of end stage renal disease, followed by cystic renal disease (27.2%) and glomerular disease (15.2%) respectively. Regarding the systolic hypertension 22.9% were hypertensive and 35.8% were pre-hypertensive (BP 90th to 95th percentile). For diastolic hypertension, 18.5% were hypertensive and 42.4%were noted as pre-hypertensive. Majority of patients (87%) had hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin < 3.5 gm/dl) at dialysis initiation. In our study the value of serum albumin has inverse relationship with \risk of mortality in ESRD hemodialyzed patients even after adjustment to other factors. There is a 70% higher risk of death with each 1gm/dl decline in serum albumin value (hazard ratio=0.300(0.122-0.740) P<0.009). In addition, AVF access group has a significantly lower risk of death compared to the catheter group (hazard ratio=0.444 (0.246-0.801), P = 0.007). On generation of ROC curves, AUC obtained for serum albumin was statistically significant (AUC=0.838, 95% CI 0.758–0.918). In our study, no correlation was found between hypoalbuminemia and annual frequency of hospitalization (P<0.812) and total duration of stay (P<0.997).For mortality prediction, our study demonstrated a cut off value of albumin of 3g/dl with sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 68.7%. Conclusion: The independent prognostic value of serum albumin in mortality prediction at a cut off value of 3g/dl. In the final model even after adjustment of other covariates, hypoalbuminemia at dialysis initiation and type of vascular access continued to be vital indicator of risk of death in pediatric ESRD patients. However, no statistically significant association was observed between hypoalbuminemia and hospitalization in dialysis patients. Keywords: ESRD, Hypoalbuminemia, Growth failure, Haemodialysis


Disease transmission studies conducted under in vitro conditions revealed various kinds of infection that spread from chickpea seed to seedling, although infected seeds did not always produce infected seedlings. Lesions of the fungus often developed on the seed but coleoptile and coleorhiza remained free from infection. In other cases infection spread from the lesion either to the coleoptile or to the coleorhiza or to both. In pot experiments the disease was transmitted from the infected seed to the seedling at a rate of 6.1%.


The author discusses the importance and differential approach to modern diagnosis and the new classification (the ICD-11) of mental disorders that develop in old age. The author presents his theoretical views on these issues and offers some proposals concerning the new edition of the ICD classification.


Cyber forensics analysis is the procedure to find crucial evidence with respect to a crime from a digital media. Malware forensics and Network security plays a crucial role in the current scenario where malware attacks are a common problem. A malicious software which can be commonly termed as a malware would cause interruption to a computer operation and may collect necessary information or illegally access private systems. A malware may either take the form of a script, code, spyware and many other kinds of malicious programs. Reverse engineering principles are applied in this domain to analyze malware. It is the comprehensive process of breaking software to figure out how it works. This paper proposes an advanced and resource friendly malware forensics analysis procedure which uses the principles of static analysis to figure out the exact purpose of an executable file. Portable executable format can be explored with higher accuracy using the proposed method.


Purpose: Assess morphophysiological and functional features of the structure of the zonula lens fibers on the basis of an in-depth analysis consistent with the laws of mechanics. Define the purpose and scope of each portion of the zonula lens fibers. To analyze the results of the research of studies on the structure of the zonula of Zinn in the different authors of the last two centuries. Identify misconceptions about the work of this executive mechanism of accommodation in different phases of accommodation, this includes the uneven accommodation in different meridians. Determine the incorrectness of those theories of accommodation, which are based on erroneous ideas about the functioning of different portions of the zonula fibers.
Methods: Theoretical analysis based on the laws of mechanics and assessment of the results of interdisciplinary research by different authors in the field of structural and functional features of the Zinn's zonule of the lens in different phases of accommodation.
Results: The lens's ciliary belt has been found to have three major portions of fiber that perform different functions. Powerful anterior portion of fibers is attached to the anterior surface of the lens bag in a segmented mannered a powerful posterior portion of fibers is attached to the posterior surface of the lens evenly around the circumference and like a cobweb covering the surface of the vitreous chamber. Both these filaments in the eye don't cross and in all phases of accommodation remain


Objective To understand epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis to provide scientific evidence for its prevention and control. Methods Data of viral hepatitis cases reported in 2009 at Mentougou district,Beijing were collected to analyze their characteristics of temporal,spatial and personal distributions,types and clinical features. Results Incidence of viral hepatitis at Dayu subdistrict ranked the highest,Yongding town the second and Dongxinfang subdistirct the third,with total cases of 137 (58. 30% ) in 2009,one case of hepatitis A (0. 29 /100 000),185 cases of hepatitis B (54. 10 /100 000),41 case of hepatitis C (11. 99 /100 000),five cases of hepatitis E (1. 46 /100 000) and three cases of type unidentified (0. 88 /100 000). There was no cases of viral hepatitis reported in children of 0 ~ 10 years old,with the top three incidence at age groups of 85 ~ ,75 ~ ,80 ~ years. The top five incidence by occupation was housework and the unemployed ( 34. 04% ),retirees (22. 98% ),farmers (13. 19% ),workers (11. 91% ) and staff (7. 66% ),accounting for 89. 78 percent of the total cases of viral hepatitis. Conclusion Viral hepatitis mainly occurs in adults at Mentougou district,Beijing and less in teenagers and children,indicating use of hepatitis B vaccine has gained remarkable achievements in its prevention during recent years.


Part 1 The City of London in natinal politics: city politics and the rise of Whig oligarchy the struggle for control of the City 1728-47 London, patriotism and Empire 1747-63. Part 2 The social configurations of metropolitan politics: the City of London the City of Westminster urban Surrey and Middlesex. Part 3 The provincial perspective: the provincial towns and cities Bristol- the commerce of politics and the politics of commerce Norwich - city of Whigs and weavers. Part 4 Exploring the crowd: the crows in urban politics 1710-60.


After briefly reviewing chiral quark models with non-local regulators and listing their advantages over the conventional Nambu-Jona-Lasionio-like models, we study vector meson correlators in both types of approaches. Since effective chiral quark models are valid in the Eulidean domain only, with −0.5GeV ≤ q ≤ 0, in our study the meson correlators are not described directly, but with help of a method based on dispersion relations for the physical correlators. A set of sum rules is derived, which allows for a comparison of model predictions to data. We find that both the local and non-local models fail to satisfy the sum rules, unless very low values of the constituent quark mass parameter are used. We also show that the two Weinberg sum rules hold in the non-local model. This research has been done in collaboration with Maxim Polyakov from Bochum. I WHY NON-LOCAL REGULATORS? First, let me recall the reasons why we wish to consider chiral quark models with non-local regulators (see also the contribution by Bojan Golli and Georges Ripka to these proceedings): 1. Non-locality arises naturally in several approaches to low-energy quark dynamics, such as the instanton-liquid model [1–3] or Schwinger-Dyson resummations [4]. For the discussions of various "derivations" and applications of non-local quark models see, e.g., [5–14]. Hence, we should cope with non-local regulators from the outset. 2. Non-local interactions regularize the theory in such a way that the anomalies are preserved [10,15] and charges are properly quantized. With other methods, such as the proper-time regularization or the quark-loop momentum cut-off [13,14,16,17] the preservation of the anomalies can only be achieved if the (finite) anomalous part of the action is left unregularized, and only the 1) Research supported by the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research, grant 2P03B-08012, and by DSF and BMBF. non-anomalous (infinite) part is regularized. If both parts are regularized, anomalies are violated badly [18,19]. We consider such a division artificial and find it quite appealing that with non-local regulators both parts of the action can be treated on equal footing. 3. With non-local interactions the effective action is finite to all orders in the loop expansion (1/Nc expansion). In particular, meson loops are finite and there is no more need to introduce extra cut-offs, as was necessary in the case of local models [20–22]. As the result, non-local models have more predictive power. 4. As Bojan Golli, Georges Ripka and WB have shown [23], stable solitons exist in a chiral quark model with non-local interactions without the extra constraint that forces the σ and π fields to lie on the chiral circle. Such a constraint is external to the known derivations of effective chiral quark models. 5. The empirical values of the low-energy constants g8 and g27 of the effective weak chiral Lagrangian are better reproduced within the non-local model [24] compared to the conventional NJL model. In view of these improvements it becomes important to look at all other applications of effective quark models and compare the predictions of non-local and local versions. II DISPERSION-RELATION SUM RULES FOR MESON CORRELATORS In this talk we will present results for the vector-meson correlators. The basic object of our study is the meson correlation function, defined as


146877 traffic accidents are studied, which occurred on 26 "Friday, the 13th" and 52 comparable Fridays in Germany 1985-99. In conclusion, no more accidents take place at "Friday, the 13th", compared with other Fridays. It is discussed, why there is no such effect in the sense of a "self-fulfilling prophecy", and why the folklore to the contrary continues, even among self-declared 'skeptics'.


Generally, the main task of the optimal operation in the industrial process is to satisfy the process technical requirements, and the PID controller is a well-known controller in industrial control applications. Nevertheless, due to the complicated mechanisms and the dynamic characteristics of a complex industrial process, the conventional PID controller fails to provide effective control to such systems. In this paper, we develop a novel discrete-time fractional order PID (DFOPID) control strategy to achieve the technical requirements of the complex industrial process. The proposed work is conducted through a combination of three novel interdependent efforts. First, on the basis of the widely used Tustin operator and its Taylor series, a digital structure of the DFOPID is proposed. Second, in order to solve the stability problem of the complex industrial process, an optimal setting of the approximation function's order ( $N$ ) and five parameters ( $\lambda , \mu , K_{p}, K_{i}, K_{d}$ ) is necessary. Hence, an integral time absolute error (ITAE) criterion is applied to convert the optimal setting problem to a nonconvex optimization problem. Finally, a novel intelligent optimization search algorithm called state transition algorithm is employed to carry out the aforementioned design procedure. Furthermore, the performance of the DFOPID control strategy in some practical industrial control systems, including the copper removal process and the electrochemical process of zinc are also investigated.


The outer membrane proteins of Vibrio vulnificus including isolates from humans, seawater and an asari clam were examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)‐Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A major outer membrane protein with an apparent molecular weight of 48,000 (48K protein) was common to all the strains grown in 3% NaCl‐nutrient broth; however this 48K protein was not produced in any of the strains grown in chemically defined medium. Other major outer membrane proteins with molecular weights ranging from 33,000 to 40,000 varied in number, relative amount and molecular weight depending on the strain. One to three new outer membrane proteins with molecular weights ranging from 74,000 to 85,000 were produced in the cells grown in iron‐deficient medium. The 48K protein and one or two major proteins with molecular weights ranging from 35,000 to 37,000 in the cells grown in 3% NaCl‐nutrient broth were not solubilized by 2% SDS at 60 C for 30 min and were resistant to trypsin, indicating that they are porins. On the other hand, in cells grown in chemically defined medium, one or two major outer membrane proteins with molecular weights ranging from 33,000 to 40,000 might be porins.


Abstrak The peninjauan kembali (revision) under Indonesian procedure law. system is as an extra ordinary efforts to against the supreme court decisions. Revision is applicable to the permanent decision by involved party that ought to filling the sue to the Supreme Court (Mahkamah Agung-Rl). Based on law number 4 year 2004 has stipulated condition on the revision is under circumstance on any situation under article 23 section 1 which ought to under law provisions. The author here notes that any possibly impediment appears will not technically happen in practice later. Oftenly in revision implementations the lack or weakness does exist by the applicant side 's. The mostly be deficient in the relevance's legal application to be considered upon Supreme Court.


Abstract:Researchers used an affordances-based conceptual framework to study infants' and toddlers' responses to the redesign of their play space. Behavior mapping and child tracking observations showed that the introduction of features such as edging, levels and inclines appeared to increase the level and variety of children's physical activity, and lead to greater utilization of the space. While researchers observed children engaging with natural affordances, this was less than expected, possibly due to educator constraints. Children's engagement with new features indicated unique child views of the space and a delight in challenge. Findings suggest the value of looking for children's perspective on affordances, and considering the effects of specific features and the influence of caregivers in evaluating design outcomes.


In order to study the chlorides critical value needed for the initiation of steel bar's corrosion,concrete specimens made of 3 kinds of fly ash replacement ratios(15%,30% and 45% by weight of binder)and 5 kinds of chlorides contents(0.1%,0.5%,1.5%,3.0% and 5.0%)were fabricated.At the 90 days exposure time,steel bar's corrosion potential,corrosion current density,cathodic polarization curve,anodic polarization curve and concrete electrical resistivity,pH value of concrete pore solution and free chloride ions content were tested.Results indicate that the addition of fly ash and different replacement ratios have little effects on the chlorides critical value for steel bar's depassivation compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC)concrete,which is around 0.8% by weight of binders in free chloride ions form.However due to the lower oxygen diffusion capability and higher concrete resistivity,when steel bars start the onset corrosion fly ash concrete can still provide better protection to steel bar's anticorrosion than OPC concrete.


Oleuropein (1), the major constituent of Olea europea leaves, has been found to possess a large range of pharmacological properties. In this context, because of the non-specificity of these effects, different analogs have been synthesized from 1 in order to study structure/activity relationships. Therefore, the hydroxylation degree of the hydroxytyrosol part has been modified along with the length of the connecting chain. New alkyl esters, amide and thioesters derivatives have also been synthesized. These compounds were prepared by esterification/amidation of 3 which was obtained by saponification of 1 followed by acetylation of the glucose part. The final selective deprotection of the acetate was carried out by diethylamine.


Objective: To compare the benefits of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) plus standard therapy vs standard therapy alone in children with acute exacerbation of asthma. Design: Randomized control trial. Setting: Tertiary care Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), duration of study from October 2014 to September 2016. Participants: Three month to twelve years with acute severe asthma (<24 hours) with initial Becker Score >7 were eligible for this study. Interventions: The study group received NIV under inspiratory positive airway pressure ranging between 10 cm 18 cm H2O, expiratory positive airway pressure between 4 cm 12 cm H2O. Vital signs, PO2, PCO2, pH, SPO2 , becker score were recorded at the start, 1, 2, 4, 12, 24, and 48 hrs into the study. Result: Heart rate after four hour and twelve hour and respiratory rate after two hour of treatment were significantly lower compared with admission (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0294, respectively). With NIV, PO2 at four hour, SPO2 at two hour improved significantly. The endotracheal intubation was significantly lower (22%) in the NIV group than in the control group (45%; p = 0.01698).There was significant difference in length of stay in PICU (p= 0.0109) and hospital (p = 0.0115). Conclusion: NIV seems to afford these children protection from endotracheal intubation and reduced in length of stay in PICU and hospital.


The processes of moisture absorption by grain and the major factors influence on an intensification of grain moistening are considered. The estimated dependences of an intensification assessment of wheat grain moisture saturation process before a grinding are received.


Updating a system modeled as a real symmetric quadratic eigenvalue problem to match observed spectral information has been an important task for practitioners in different disciplines. It is often desirable in the process to match only the newly measured data without tampering with the other unmeasured and often unknown eigenstructure inherent in the original model. Such an updating, known as no spill-over, has been critical yet challenging in practice. Only recently, a mathematical theory on updating with no spill-over has begun to be understood. However, other imperative issues such as maintaining positive definiteness in the coefficient matrices remain to be addressed. This paper highlights several theoretical aspects about updating that preserves both no spill-over and positive definiteness of the mass and the stiffness matrices. In particular, some necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability conditions are established in this investigation.


REFERENCES 1. Henter JI, Elinder G, Ost A. Diagnostic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. The FHL Study Group of the Histiocyte Society. Semin Oncol. 1991; 18:29–33. 2. Arico M, Janka G, Fischer A, et al. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Report of 122 children from the International Registry. FHL Study Group of the Histiocyte Society. Leukemia. 1996;10:197–203. 3. Janka G, Zur SU. Familial and acquired hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Hematology (Am Soc Hematol Educ Program). 2005:82–88. 4. Janka GE, Schneider EM. Modern management of children with haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Br J Haematol. 2004; 124:4–14. 5. Astigarraga I, Navajas A, FernándezTeijeiro A, et al. Difficulties in the diagnosis of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. An Esp Pediatr. 2002;56:168–170. 6. Imashuku S. Clinical features and treatment strategies of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2002;44:259–272. 7. Ohga S, Nomura A, Takada H, et al. Immunological aspects of Epstein-Barr virus infection. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2002;44:203–215. 8. Imashuku S, Hibi S, Tabata Y, et al. Outcome of clonal hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: analysis of 32 cases. Leuk Lymphoma. 2000;37:577–584. RPS19 and JAK2 Genes are not Silenced by DNA Methylation in Diamond Blackfan Anemia


Addition, Subtraction, and Multiplication floating point numbers are a critical requirement for Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications involving large dynamic range. This paper focuses on a generic precision floating point normalized addition, subtraction, and multiplication targeted for ZYBO Zynq-7000 FPGA based on VHDL. It handles the overflow and underflow cases. Truncation is implemented to give more precision.


Image interpretation is key to timely recognition of acute ischemic stroke, rapid referral of the patients to a stroke center, and fast treatment decision-making. However, its teaching has long been limited by static pictures, which do not capture the spectrum of often subtle imaging findings in acute ischemic stroke. Easily accessible web-based teaching material that is free of charge has the potential to improve physician education for those involved in stroke systems of care. This manuscript illustrates the challenges of web-based education of acute ischemic stroke and explains how modern cloud-based technology can overcome them using our educational website, aspectsinstroke.com, as an example. We then describe how such online platforms can enhance the learning experience of trainees, as well as more experienced staff, and help to equalize imaging education in acute stroke by overcoming financial and geographic boundaries.


A brief survey is given on the current status of evaluating thermal production of photons from a strongly interacting medium. Emphasis is put on recent progress in assessing equilibrium emission rates in both hadronic and quark-gluon matter. We also give an update on the status of comparing theoretical calculations with experimental data from heavy-ion collisions at the SPS, as well as prospects for RHIC. Finally, applications of photon rate calculations to colorsuperconducting quark matter are discussed.


Background: The TACC3-chTOG protein complex is essential for mitotic spindle assembly. Results: TACC3-chTOG binding is directed and mediated by specific intradomain and interdomain interactions that are not affected by Aurora-A kinase. Conclusion: Formation of the TACC3-chTOG complex is Aurora-A-independent, in contrast to its recruitment to the spindle apparatus. Significance: Novel insight into regulation and domain specificity of TACC3-chTOG interaction is provided. The cancer-associated, centrosomal adaptor protein TACC3 (transforming acidic coiled-coil 3) and its direct effector, the microtubule polymerase chTOG (colonic and hepatic tumor overexpressed gene), play a crucial function in centrosome-driven mitotic spindle assembly. It is unclear how TACC3 interacts with chTOG. Here, we show that the C-terminal TACC domain of TACC3 and a C-terminal fragment adjacent to the TOG domains of chTOG mediate the interaction between these two proteins. Interestingly, the TACC domain consists of two functionally distinct subdomains, CC1 (amino acids (aa) 414–530) and CC2 (aa 530–630). Whereas CC1 is responsible for the interaction with chTOG, CC2 performs an intradomain interaction with the central repeat region of TACC3, thereby masking the TACC domain before effector binding. Contrary to previous findings, our data clearly demonstrate that Aurora-A kinase does not regulate TACC3-chTOG complex formation, indicating that Aurora-A solely functions as a recruitment factor for the TACC3-chTOG complex to centrosomes and proximal mitotic spindles. We identified with CC1 and CC2, two functionally diverse modules within the TACC domain of TACC3 that modulate and mediate, respectively, TACC3 interaction with chTOG required for spindle assembly and microtubule dynamics during mitotic cell division.


—With the widespread use of powerful image editing tools, image tampering becomes easy and realistic. Existing image forensic methods still face challenges of low generalization performance and robustness. In this letter, we propose an effective image tampering localization scheme based on ConvNeXt network and multi-scale feature fusion. Stacked ConvNeXt blocks are used as an encoder to capture hierarchical multi-scale features, which are then fused in decoder for locating tampered pixels accurately. Combined loss and effective data augmentation are adopted to further improve the model performance. Extensive experimental results show that localization performance of our proposed scheme outperforms other state-of-the-art ones. The source code will be available at https://github.com/ZhuHC98/ITL-SSN.


The axisymmetric TARA central cell has been heated using aperture and double half turn ICRF antennas to produce stable plasma with ..beta.. less than or equal to 0.2%. Parameters suitable for startup of thermal barriers with n = 3.5 x 10/sup 12//cm/sup 3/ and Ti/sub perpendiculer/ approx. 30 eV have been reached. Hot electron plasmas with ..beta.. less than or equal to 15% are obtained in the TARA and Constance quadrupoles. Electron cyclotron instabilities are analyzed. A new scheme for single frequency drift pumping with stochasticity by ICRF is proposed. ICRF modulated at the electron bounce frequency is shown to yield stochastic parallel electron heating for thermal barriers.


Information availability is a key factor for business success while IT systems are critical for enhancing enterprise competitiveness. Currently, most solutions do not have capabilities to manage entire business processes. As a result, enterprises have to implement multiple IT systems, which can cause problems of information consistency and data integrity. This paper presents an enterprise business information management system (EBIMS) based on a PDM framework. The EBIMS model streamlines the management of information of key business processes, including quotation, sales order processing, design, planning, scheduling, production to delivery. Built on a PDM framework to integrate many different disciplines, the multi-layered EBIMS architecture provides capability for managing key business processes with a single unified data and process model so as to achieve true process streamlining and data integrity throughout the entire product development lifecycle, and hence improving enterprise efficiency.


A Radio Mean D-distance labeling of a connected graph G is an injective map f from the vertex set V(G) to N such that for two distinct vertices u and v of G, d(u, v) + f u +f(v) 2 ≥ 1 + diam(G), where d(u, v) denotes the D-distance between u and v and diam(G) denotes the D-diameter of G. The radio mean Ddistance number of f, rmn(f) is the maximum label assigned to any vertex of G. The radio mean D-distance number of G, rmn(G) is the minimum value of rmn(f) taken over all radio mean D-distance labeling f of G. In this paper we find the radio mean D-distance number of graph obtained from graph operation.


After briefly highlighting some issues and questions in cross-cultural research about emotion, this article provides a review of some the tools available to measure feelings in different languages. The development of a Dutch translation of a new instrument, the Geneva Emotion Wheel (Scherer, 2005) is described with a study of its usefulness in a design context. Participants (N = 40) used two products and were asked to report about their feelings using the Geneva Emotion Wheel and PrEmo. (Desmet, 2003). Both measurement tools yielded similar results and were able to show differences in user experience between the products. and the experiment presented here.


The requirements of the working and safety norms demonstrate significant need of increased efficiency and improved working conditions in cleaning confined spaces. This paper presents an overview of ...


In this review we will focus on the functions of known fish antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Though there is significant information about the gene structure and transcript regulation of several fish AMPs the role of their synthetic or recombinant peptides is scarcely known. Thus, some studies have demonstrated the direct effect of fish AMPs, mainly -defensins, on fish immunostimulation as well as powerful antibacterial or antiviral peptides.


Using X-ray, infrared, and electron paramagnetic resonance methods, the reactivity of ZnO+xMn 2 O 3 systems during heat treatment was studied. Results showed that the solubility of manganese (Mn) in zinc oxide (ZnO) is lower than 3% and that reaction diffusion occurs. Reaction processes that take place in this system promote disintegration of Mn 2 O 3 particles into microfragments and causes them to move along the surface of the ZnO particles (solid-state reactive wetting process).


'What did you get on number one?' Instinctively, I looked up and made eye contact with Student X, a recent immigrant from a communist country in Asia. Was this student really attempting to compare answers with a fellow classmate? Had I not explained to my evening MBA accounting class that I was administering two versions of the examination because of an incident involving academic dishonesty that had occurred a year earlier? Surely, I thought, no graduate student would cheat so blatantly in my presence. Besides, no one else seemed to have noticed. Feeling somewhat perplexed, I resumed my stance at the front of the classroom, completely unaware that my worst teaching experience to date had just begun. The next afternoon I received a frantic telephone call from a distraught MBA student. The caller had spent a sleepless night, reflecting on what she had heard and seen during the previous evening. Although fellow classmates had urged silence, the caller believed that she had to inform me that Student X had been cheating on the accounting examination. In addition to confirming that Student X had posed the aforementioned question, the caller also charged that Student X had an opened textbook on her lap (concealed from my view) and had been flipping hurriedly through class notes during the examination. The caller's next allegations, however, caught me by complete surprise. Whenever I took students out of the classroom to answer their examination-related questions, Student X, according to the caller, left her seat, approached other students, and fearlessly gazed on their examinations, making no attempts to conceal her intentions. Upon hearing these accusations, I was completely stunned and thoroughly confused, not knowing what to say or how to respond. Recognizing that Student X had a right to defend herself against these charges, I arranged for a private meeting with Student X in my office a few days later, a procedure required by my institution's academic honesty policy. I carefully explained the accusations to Student X and asked for her response. Expressing disbelief and anger, Student X denied searching the textbook and notebook for answers; posing the earlier question; and attempting to compare solutions with fellow classmates. While admitting that she approached other students during the examination, Student X claimed that she was only trying to 'comfort' and 'reassure' fellow classmates. At this point, the aforementioned question, the caller's charges and Student X's defence seemed to form the elements of a bizarre farce. I recognized, however, that the issues were very serious, and that I had to collect more evidence before I could refer the matter to the Vice-President for Academic Affairs for resolution. In my search for such evidence, I first spoke to two members of Student X's peer group. Earlier in the MBA programme, Student X's class of 19 had been divided into four peer groups for cooperative learning assignments. Students generally stayed in the same class and, in many cases, in the same peer group, throughout the programme. Overall, the two peer group members appeared extremely weak in their


We aimed at (1) determining how community-wide disruptions affect visitation by frugivores at trees and (2) estimating the impact of visitation shifts on seed fate following fruit consumption, especially seed removal. We compared the seed fate of a frugivore-dispersed tree species (Tetragastris altissima, Burseraceae) in four forested islands with that for a mainland continuous forest at Saint-Eugène, French Guiana. Tetragastris trees attracted opportunistic frugivore species available in the area, the most productive trees attracting more consumer species. Only primates, which are more susceptible to forest disturbances than birds and have low abilities to cross a non-forested matrix, were more frequent at Tetragastris on the mainland than on islands. Only opportunistic frugivorous primate species acting as low-efficiency seed dispersers were recorded. As a result, seed removal was equally low among habitats (nearly 26%), high percentages of seeds dropping below tree crowns. The scarcity of large-bodied specialist frugivorous primates throughout the landscape probably explained this low removal. Our results underline how difficult it is to generalize the cascading effects of disruptions in a frugivore community on tree seed fate, these effects likely varying according to the tree species and animal community involved.


A simple basic mirror is one of the most used object in a household, people tend to spend a lot of time in front of it. But the only functionality it provides is that, it shows the reflection of the person and people use it mostly for checking their appearance. Since, the mirror is used so often, why not add more functionalities to it and make it more efficient and useful. Though IOT has extensive and diverse set of applications. This system uses IOT along with raspberry pi to make the basic mirror more efficient. Nowadays, most of the devices are becoming smart, so this system here enhances the utility of mirror and makes it smart mirror. This system not only provides the basic functionalities of the smart mirror, but it also offers additional features like a voice-controlled assistant. The objective of smart mirror is to optimize user's efficiency by saving their time. The smart mirror displays widgets like date, time, weather and latest news and headlines. It also displays the user's notifications when connected to the mobile device. So, this mirror could be used as a normal mirror and at the same time be used as a smart mirror with all the additional functionalities, which makes it a perfect device for a smart home with modern utilities. A is one of the a a of in of it. But the it that, it and it for to


An ink jet recording oil-based ink comprises a dye, a wetting agent, a penetrant, water and a hydrophilic outer amphiphilic star polymer, and a surface tension at 25 deg.] C was 20-50mN / m.


Education is a project of vital and lasting importance ; the teacher is the subject of education ; teaching is the essential thing of the teacher. "Teaching is the main way of inseminating, teaching, and consulting. Therefore, teaching should be the center and foundation of the various tasks and functions of the university. The university must handle the relationship between each functions correctly. Any university, whether it is attributed to any type, according to its own characteristic, should realize correctly the function and interaction of teaching and research.


We present SRCIROR (pronounced "sorcerer"), a toolset for performing mutation testing at the levels of C/C++ source code (SRC) and the LLVM compiler intermediate representation (IR). At the SRC level, SRCIROR identifies program constructs for mutation by pattern-matching on the Clang AST. At the IR level, SRCIROR directly mutates the LLVM IR instructions through LLVM passes. Our implementation enables SRCIROR to (1) handle any program that Clang can handle, extending to large programs with a minimal overhead, and (2) have a small percentage of invalid mutants that do not compile. SRCIROR enables performing mutation testing using the same classes of mutation operators at both the SRC and IR levels, and it is easily extensible to support more operators. In addition, SRCIROR can collect coverage to generate mutants only for covered code elements. Our tool is publicly available on GitHub (https://github.com/TestingResearchIllinois/srciror). We evaluate SRCIROR on Coreutils subjects. Our evaluation shows interesting differences between SRC and IR, demonstrating the value of SR-CIROR in enabling mutation testing research across different levels of code representation.


An educational intervention was carried out with the objective to increase the level of knowledge on some aspects of the STD /HIV /AIDS in adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus since September 2008 to February 2009. The study universe included 110 adolescents with diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and the primary data was constituted by 40 adolescents. As educational strategy an educational action was applied in prevention and promotion of health regarding STD /HIV /AIDS. The results are shown in graphics and charts. It was concluded that before the educational intervention the degree of knowledge on the STD /HIV /AIDS was low just by 15% of children with the category of good knowledge of the topic, aspect that is reverted after the intervention when reaching 80% in the educational results. It was possible to modify the erroneous approaches on the transmission ways, main clinical manifestations, people of more risk to contract these infections and preventive measures.


We consider two static "charges" interacting through the exchange of massless boson "photon" and study the screening which arises when the medium, into which the system is placed, gives a non-vanishing effective mass to the boson. We investigate how the functional form of screening depends on the space dimensions of the problem using a generalized Debye-Huckel formalism and calculate, in particular, the screened form of the linearly rising potential in a three dimensional space.


The following paper presents advanced methods for evaluating the reliability of ADAS module readings, based on an analysis of the transient supply current. Changes in the transient current waveform occur due to environmental conditions and damage to a module's inner circuitry. Specific deviations in the waveforms may indicate a certain event – either internal or external. This paper presents how to successfully distinguish certain anomalies using artificial neural network-based classification algorithms without having to interfere with the module's internal circuitry. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eie.24.3.20944


• The KRPG v1.1 explained 8.6% of variance for the total medical expenses of rehabilitation inpatients and also explained 9.8% of variance for the rehabilitation therapy costs from the claim data of the designated rehabilitation hospitals. • The KRPG and related functional items for the patients with ABI reflects the total medical expenses and rehabilitation therapy costs insufficiently. • The current KRPG algorithm and variables for the ABI may need to be ameliorated in the future. Received: Aug 1, 2019 Revised: Sep 5, 2019 Accepted: Sep 10, 2019


To address whether low-level motion sensing, in addition to high-level feature tracking, contributes to tactile motion perception, we tested sensitivity to the motion stimuli with few trackable features. We presented dense and fast tactile random-dot kinematograms (t-RDK) by distribution of lateral skin stretch. The results showed above chance performance of direction discrimination even for stimuli with few trackable features, such as dense, fast, and/or short-lifetime stimuli.


Carbon fiber composites have excellent mechanical properties, which are widely used in aerospace industry. However, 60% to 80% damages in composite occur in riveted structures. This research focuses on the quality evaluation of three major riveted structures used in mechanical connection: pressure riveted connection, hammer riveted connection and pull riveted connection. The non-destructive testing results show that the pull riveting technology introduces minimal damage to the composite, but the hammer riveted structure can be seriously damaged by the riveting technology. The pull riveted structure is an interference fit, which makes the composite plate firmly fixed. However, the fix is weak in the pressure riveted structure and the hammer riveted structure, due to the small gap between the rivets and plate. The results show that the pull riveted structure has a higher tensile strength compared with the pressure riveted structure and hammer riveted structure. The hammer riveted structure has a large dispe...


The concept of moral intuitions reflects the idea that there are moral truths and that people arrive at these truths not primarily by a process of reflection and reasoning but rather by a more immediate process some-what akin to perception. 1 This is crucial from a philosophical point of view: Intuitions matter for a philosopher because they are taken to have evidential value. Alvin Goldman's (2007, p. 2, italics in original) remark on Gettier's challenge to the account of knowledge as justified true belief well illustrates the point:It wasn't the mere publication of Gettier's two examples, or what he said about them. It was the fact that almost everybody who read Gettier's examples shared the


China has suffered from over a decade of turmoil which has prevented the development of modern information ser vices. Present policy stresses the role of information storage and retrieval in national development. Apart from technical and political constraints, China faces a serious handicap with its unique written language, where the 5000 plus characters needed to express scientific and technical concepts are too large to be handled cost-effectively by present computers. This report outlines ways in which China is currently attempt ing to meet these problems and provide for modern informa tion services by the end of the decade.


The development of a postoperative orocutaneous fistula (OCF) or pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) in the irradiated tissues of patients with head and neck cancer represents a high burden of morbidity for the patient. With high postoperative recurrence rates, these fistulae result in a reconstructive challenge for the plastic surgeon. In this study, we propose a new double‐layer design to successfully repair these fistulae in a 1‐stage reconstruction.


The structural integrity of some structures can be related to the strength of their unions. Over the years, adhesively bonded joints have been often chosen over several mechanical systems based joints, as welding or riveting. Among others, the reduction in stress concentrations, the ability of producing smooth surfaces, with no discontinuities and the reduced weight penalties are some of the factors that make this type of joints so attractive. However, when compared with these other joining techniques, it can be verified that there are practically no accepted guidelines for predicting the strength of an adhesive joint, being the design of some joints still based in personal experience and in the so-called rules of thumb. Recently, some numerical models have been proposed to estimate the failure load of bonded joints. The main problem is related with the fact that, for most of these methods to be applied, some experimental tests must be performed to identify some material models, which is not always convenient. With this in mind, an experimental study was performed, based in the Single Lap Joint from the ASTM D 1002 standard method, with the objective of determining the best surface treatment, for aluminum-to-aluminum joints, using two types of adhesives. Furthermore, a computational model, using the Finite Element Method, has been implement in order to predict the adhesive behavior, taking only the stress-strain curve of the adhesive as an input.


In AC to DC conversion boost converter is a key element. Conventional power factor corrected boost converter used for the purpose of AC to DC conversion have disadvantages like low power factor and high value of total harmonic distortion. These disadvantages can be eliminated in Bridgeless Interleaved power factor corrected boost converter. Self-commutating devices are used in these converters for the purpose of switching according to load rating. A protection circuit is provided which will isolate the converter from supply when current in load goes above the rated value of load current. When the load varies, the output voltage is maintained constant by providing the closed loop control. The Comparison Study between different topology can be find out to ensure BLIL topology's merits. The simulation of BLIL converter is done using MATLAB. The protection circuit of BLIL converter is simulated using MATLAB and The closed loop implementation of BLIL inoder to stabilize the output voltage with low ripples in the output. Keywords-Uninterrupted Power Supplies(UPS),Battery energy storage systems(BESS), Bridgeless interleaved ( BLIL),Adjustable Speed Drives(ASD), Power Factor Correction(PFC) ,Bridgeless Converters , Boost conveters INTRODUCTION AC-DC conversion of electric power is widely used in adjustable-speed drives (ASDs),switch-mode power supplies (SMPSs), uninterrupted power supplies (UPSs), and utility interface with nonconventional energy sources such as solar PV, battery energy storage systems (BESSs), in process technology such as electroplating, welding units, battery charging for electric vehicles, and power supplies for telecommunication systems, measurement and test equipment. There are different types of AC-DC converters such as conventional boost converter, bridgeless boost converter and interleaved boost converter are common AC-DC PFC topologies. These AC-DC converters involve a number of non-linear devices which reduce the system power factor and introduce harmonics in the power system leading to adverse effects. Hence it is essential to use a suitable power factor correction technique to condition the supply current. One such Active Power Factor corrected AC-DC Converter topology is Bridgeless Interleaved Boost Topology, which results in an improved supply power factor and reduced line current harmonics. Bridgeless Interleaved Boost Topology can also improve efficiency due to the elimination of the boost diode rectifier bridge. The conventional boost converter, bridgeless boost converter and interleaved boost converter are common ACDC converters. The conventional boost topology is the most popular topology for PFC applications. With this topology, the output capacitor ripple current is very high and as the power level increases, the diode bridge losses significantly degrade the efficiency. The bridgeless boost converter is good for a low to medium power range, up to approximately 1 kW [2]. It is an attractive solution for applications at power levels greater than 1 kW. This topology solves the problem of heat management in the input rectifier diode bridge, but it introduces increased EMI [7]. Another disadvantage of this topology is the floating input line with respect to the PFC stage ground, which makes it impossible to sense the input voltage without a low frequency transformer or an optical coupler. Also, in order to sense the input current, complex circuitry is needed to sense the current in the MOSFET and diode paths separately, since the current path does not share the same ground during each half-line cycle. The interleaved boost converter, consists of two boost converters in parallel so the input current is the sum of the two inductor currents in LB1 and LB2. Interleaving yields several advantages. The ripple currents in these inductors are out of phase, so they tend to cancel each other therefore reduce the high frequency input ripple current caused by the switching action, so the input EMI filter can be smaller. Additionally, the topology also inherently has the advantage of paralleling semiconductors to reduce conduction losses [7]. Finally, interleaving also reduces output capacitor high frequency ripple. One significant drawback of the interleaved boost PFC converter is that similar to the boost PFC converter, it retains the problem of heat management in the input diode bridge. In order to achieves high efficiency and low EMI bridgeless interleaved (BLIL) topology is used[1]. BLIL topology can achieve high efficiency at power levels above 3 kW due to the elimination of the boost diode Rectifier Bridge and low EMI due to interleaving [3]. In this paper, BLIL topology is simulated for different duty ratio to understand the comparison between PFC correction levels that happens in a circuit. This converter retains the same semiconductor device count as the interleaved boost PFC converter but the merits are on higher side than the conventional converters. BLIL topology is protected by using a control switch for permanent isolation and non-permanent isolation. This model significantly improves the reliability of the circuit even the extra switching causes losses but making it closed loop control the output voltage and reduction in ripple in the output voltage. International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science Volume 3, Issue 4, July-August, 2015 ISSN 2091-273


In order to measure the surface contamination level effectively, the large area surface contamination measuring instrument is widely used. This research designs a thin-window flow gas proportional counter with 1000cm2 detecting area. When to achieve simultaneous measurement of α and β rays in using pulse-height discrimination technology, the selection of high voltage operation point for this detector can't follow the traditional method. As the voltage increases, β pulse-height increases, string to α channel, making the result more inaccuracy. Based on experiments, considered the limitation of the interference ratio in α+β count aerodromes, the operation point of detector was located near the head of plateau. Experimental results proved that the selection methods of the working point meet the regulation of national standard.


Corrosion inhibition synergism of metallic cations Cu2+ and nonionic surfactant OP for steel in hydrochloric acid medium was investigated by weight loss method.It is found that the corrosion inhibition of either Cu2+ or OP is rather low,but when they are mixed,the corrosion inhibition for steel increases greatly at a wider concentration range,and a strong corrosion inhibition synergismis shown.This result has an important theoretical meaning for the study of the advanced mixed inhibitor of steel.


A plunge electrode is made from a hypodermic needle with one side cut open and multiple electrodes exposed from tip to base. A method for constructing chlorided silver electrode plunge needles is explained, and problems associated with electrode chloriding are pointed out. The small surface area of these electrodes makes empirical methods of chloriding difficult to use. A monitor for the testing and chloriding of a twelve-electrode plunge needle was constructed. This system continuously measures the impedance of the electrodes during chloriding.<<ETX>>


【Objective】To investigate the treatment efficiency and mechanism of recombinant adenovirus encoding LRIG1 gene driven by survivin promoter in nude mice heterotransplanted models of human bladder cancer.【Methods】Heterotransplanted models of human bladder cancer cell line BIU87 cells in nude mice were established.The mice were randomly divided into 3 groups during the experiment: Ad-Surp-LRIGl group received viral supernatant solution of Ad-Surp-LRIGl by tail vein injection,Ad-LRIG group received viral supernatant solution of Ad-LRIG by tail vein injection,and PBS group received phosphate buffer solution(PBS).The growth of tumors was observed and the growth curve was mapped.The expression of LRIG1 and EGFR were examined by reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR) and Western blot.【Results】The tumor growth rate in Ad-Surp-LRIGl group was slower than that in the other two groups.The tumor quality in Ad-Surp-LRIGl was lighter than that in the other two groups,the differences were statistically significant(F = 97.86,P = 0.00),the quality difference in Ad-LRIGl group and PBS group was not statistically significant difference(t = 1.73,P = 0.06).Compared with Ad-LRIGl group and PBS group,the expression of mRNA and protein of LRIG1 was obviously up-regulated and that of EGFR was down-regulated in Ad-Surp-LRIGl group(P 0.01).【Conclusions】The recombinant adenoviral vector of Ad-Surp-LRIGl could inhibit significantly the growth of bladder cancer in vivo,the mechanism may be partly LRIG1 can downgrade the expression of EGFR.


Preface 1. Introducing graphs and algorithmic complexity 2. Spanning-trees, branchings and connectivity 3. Planar graphs 4. Networks and flows 5. Matchings 6. Eulerian and Hamiltonian tours 7. Colouring graphs 8. Graph problems and intractability Appendix Author Index Subject Index.


Virtue, money, pleasure, and home are all symbols; if one or more of these four are absent, it is a weak symbol. The poetry of Azhagar Killai Vidu Thoothu is written in a style that is lovely, straightforward, and elegant. The techniques are founded on a concise and detailed understanding of Tamil grammar. A variety of literary devices, including metaphor, allegory, simile, humor, and puns, make reading enjoyable. This article describes the methods and procedures contained in Alaghar Killai Vidu Thootu.


The utility model relates to a thin-wall box body for a thin-wall box cast-in-situ concrete hollow web plate, which forms a tabular shape. The utility model is formed by sealing the peripheral wall (33) and top and bottom panels (31, 32); the axial directions are arranged in the reinforcing mesh belts (1, 2, 6) of floor ribs, roof plates and floor plates in thickness directions of the floor plates, and concrete can be cast and compacted in situ. The box body can be provided with a hollow tube, and an inner lining plate which connects the hollow tube and the peripheral wall; because the thin wall box body takes partial space of solid plate concrete, the hollow web plate of the box body of the utility model has the advantages of good bidirectional transmitting force, reasonable structure, high safety, flexible architectural composition, large building space, large application span, building use function improvement, simple manufacturing processes, massive concrete saving, building dead weight lightening and engineering cost reduction.


In this paper, we propose a new design of spatial-based repetitive control for rotational motion systems required to operate at varying speeds and subject to spatially periodic disturbances. The system has known model structure with uncertain parameters. To synthesize a repetitive controller in spatial domain, a linear time-invariant system is reformulated with respect to a spatial coordinate (e.g., angular displacement), which results in a nonlinear system. A nonlinear state observer is then established for the system. Adaptive backstepping is applied to the system with the state observer so as to stabilize the system and reduce the tacking error. Moreover, a spatial-based repetitive controller is added and operates in parallel with the adaptively backstepped system, which further reduces the tracking error. The overall output feedback adaptive backstepping repetitive control system is robust to structured parameter uncertainty, capable of rejecting spatially periodic disturbances under varying process speeds, and can be shown to be stable and produce bounded state estimated error and bounded tracking error under sensible assumptions. Finally, feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme is verified by simulation.


Objective To optimize the synthesis technology of voriconazole.Methods Using the 6-ethyl-5 fluorine-4-hydroxyl pyrimidine as starting materials,after chlorization,bromination,condensation reaction,hydrogenation reaction and then chiral separation,the product was obtained.Results The total yield was 25.3%,far more than 4%,which was reported in the literature.After recrystallization,the purity of the finished product was higher than 99%.Conclusion This route is short,with high yield and the reaction condition is mild.It is suitable for industrial production.


Brain-computer Interface (BCI) aims to enhance the quality of life for all humans. Spelling is one of BCI applications that is used to type numbers, characters, words, or sentences by recording the user's brain activity. In this paper, A BCI speller framework based on converting mental activity is presented. Such framework uses Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Auto Regressive (AR) for preprocessing and feature extraction respectively. Both of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) are utilized at the classification phase. Several experiments have been conducted by four subjects using the pre-described framework achieved high average accuracy of 94.38% for KNN with value of K=9. The performance results have shown that converting mental activity can be used as a mean for spelling applications.


Localized  epitaxial  Co5Ge7  and  CoGe2  have  been  grown  in  cobalt  thin  films  on (111)Ge  in  the solid phase epitaxy regime. The orientation relationships between epitaxial germanides and the substrates as well as the configuration of the interfacial dislocations were analyzed by transmission  electron  microscopy (TEM) in detail.  Surface morphology was examined by scanning  electron  microscopy.  The  results  obtained  from  Read  camera  glancing  angle  x‐ray diffraction and Rutherford backscattering channeling analysis were found to corroborate with those from TEM examinations.


ABSTRACT Conclusion: Conclusion: ZDV+3TC+TDF maintains good virological efficacy from 24 to 48 weeks in advanced disease. In this population infected with HIV-1 subtypes A, C or D, M184V with or without NAMs was the most common route to resistance, whereas K65R was identified infrequently. SUMMARY SUMMARY


This paper proposes a modification on the Sammon map algorithm for data visualisation. The modification, known as the Sparse Approximated Sammon Stress(SASS), allows mappings to be produced for very large data sets of the order of 10 6 points. While the technique may be useful in a variety of applications, the results presented here will demonstrate its usefulness for visualising patient deterioration in vital sign data collected from step-down unit hospital patients. A final result demonstrates an application of the SASS visualisation for drug safety analysis.


From the Publisher:
Java has evolved into a robust, high performance programming language that is well suited to a range of different environments, be it on a middle tier Application Server or a client browser. Regardless of the architecture of your application you are using, it will almost certainly need to make use of data that is stored in some form of database. Relational databases are the data store of choice in the vast majority of businesses, and have also evolved enormously over the recent years, into powerful and feature-rich data management systems.
This book aims to teach you how to use these two powerful technologies to build successful Java database applications. You will find out how relational databases work and how you can use them in your Java programs, through the JDBC interface. You will see how to apply your new skills in an enterprise environment and by the end will be building sophisticated web-enabled Java database applications that incorporate other technologies, such as XML.
This book is ideal for the programmer who has a reasonable grasp of the fundamentals of the Java language, and is now looking to apply and improve these skills in building database-driven Java applications. If you are relatively new to Java, then the explanations in the text should allow you to grasp all of the fundamental issues discussed, especially if you are migrating from another language such as C or C++.
What does this book cover?
Using the JDBC API to build database-driven Java applications Introduction to new JDBC 3.0 features SQL and relational database design Object-relational mapping frameworks and techniques Debugging your application and logging its activities Applying Java and JDBC skills in a J2EE environment Integrating XML into you Java database applications


Previous studies have shown that the use of cobalt-EDTA (Co-EDTA) as a liquid phase marker appears to inhibit Δ-9 desaturase activity in mammary glands of Ayrshire cows. The aim of this study was to estimate the Δ-9 desaturase activity in crossbred Holstein x Zebu cows receiving or not Co-EDTA by using regression equations between its products and substrates. Twelve (n=12) nonfistulated and four (n=4) fistulated multiparous Holstein x Zebu cows were used in studies 1 and 2, respectively. In study 2, cows were fed 5g of Co-EDTA (17.2% of Co) dissolved in 200 ml of distillated water in order to estimate the ruminal passage rate of the liquid phase. All animals were in mid-lactation and received the following dietary treatments (DM basis):


The original ecological architecture has both ecology and artistic properties.This text takes the Jiaodong seaweed cottage and it's original ecological hotel modern design for example,explores the issue that the original ecological architecture how to transfer from original ecological state to modern design.


We present a case study illustrating an integrated approach to the teaching of problem solving, computation, and mathematics. This approach combines ideas from Polya, Ross, and Moore about mathematical pedagogy with a heavy dose of computer assisted calculation in the spirit of experimental mathematics facilitated by the rapid prototyping environment of Mathematica which is ideal for an exploratory approach to learning. Essentially, students learn math and programming the same way mathematicians do research and we believe that this can scale all the way from grammar school to graduate school.


Review question / Objective: This study is the protocol for a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HuaYu TongFu Method combined with acupuncture in the treatment of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of such combined therapy in the treatment of AECOPD, It provides a reliable scientific basis for clinicians to use this approach to treat AECOPD. Condition being studied: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is the third leading cause of death worldwide. AECOPD is the most common cause of hospitalization and death in patients with COPD. As lung function deteriorates and the disease progresses, the risk of alveolar hypoxia and consequent hypoxemia increases. Inflammation plays an important role in the progression of AECOPD. Modern medicine mainly treats AECPD by anti-inflammatory, relief of airway spasm, glucocorticoids, inhalants and other methods. Long-term application can easily lead to bacterial flora imbalance and drug resistance in patients. Comparatively, traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture therapy are safe and effective.To assess the therapeutic efficacy and safety of HuaYu TongFu Method combined with acupuncture in AECOPD, we created a protocol for a systematic review to inform future clinical applications.


Purpose To study the angiogenesis effects of low molecular weight hyaluronic acid(LMWHA) prepared by hydrogen peroxide degradation and by hyaluronidase degradation method.MethodsLMWHAs were prepar the by hydrogen peroxide degradation and by hyaluronidase degradation,the chicken chorioallantoic membrane(CAM) model was used to test the angiogenesis effects of LMWHAs.ResultsThe CAM blood vessels of LMWHAs′ groups,with Mr value lower than 10 000,increased apparently compared to that of control group(P0.01),and the LMWHAs with different molecular weights had different effects on CAM blood vessel generation.ConclusionLMWHAs with Mr lower than 10 000 possessed angiogenesis effects.


Chapter 4 looks at how Joyce incorporated his American reception into Finnegans
 Wake, with an emphasis on how the Wake represents Joyce's attitude towards the sudden imperative between the wars to respond to his reception in America. This includes not only the banning, burning, piracy, and trials of his works in Prohibition America, but also a transatlantic print culture which saw his works as they were serialized being published almost exclusively in American-run Little Magazines aimed at American audiences. Moreover, this chapter argues that while the 'Americanization of Joyce Studies' didn't fully take hold until after the Second World War, Joyce was aware of and responded to incipient moves in that direction


This is an interesting paper that promises an improved method to compute fraction release factors (FRF). It includes results that suggest great promise but as presently written it is does not make a convincing case. The paper is unclear and confusing in it derivations, which are at the heart of the paper. In addition, it makes exaggerated claims as to the expected properties of FRFs (e. g., their time-independence). Thus, I cannot recommend publication in ACP without major revisions.


Bulk industrial loads and increased installations of renewable energy sources have led to a surge in the number of multi-terminal transmission lines. Fault location on such multi-terminal lines are dominated by impedance-based methods which uses line impedance parameters of the transmission line sections as a known input. However, line impedance parameters can vary over time due to various factors and hence the values available in the database might not be up-to-date and accurate. Errors in the line impedance parameters can introduce inaccuracies in the available fault location solutions. This paper proposes a setting-free fault section identification and fault location solution for multi-terminal lines which does not require the line impedance parameters as an input. Furthermore, it also provides estimates of the impedance parameters of the main line as well as the tapped line as an output.


Nigeria toll gate was established in 1978 with the objectives of generating income to the Federal Government for the maintenance of the roads and also create employment for Nigerians. However, the tolls were demolished by President Obasanjo's government on the first of January 2004 at a cost of about #200 to #400 million naira. Among the reasons given were the issue of corruption, traffic congestion and keeping vehicles waiting for long. In 2012, the Buhari led administration re-lunched the toll gates with similar objectives. While the issue of corruption is still on the high side, that of waiting time of vehicle is also a great challenge. This research addresses the waiting time issue by proposing a Distributive Robotic Vehicle Controller (DRVC) for Nigeria toll gate. This DRVC uses counter to count the incoming vehicles on each service lane to know the length of queue of the vehicles. If the length of the queue in any of the lanes reaches the given threshold, then control switches to the lane with smallest queue length. Two approaches were used to demonstrate the proof of concept of the designed system. The first is the mathematical model and the second is the prototype demonstration on the first, we use the Non Preemptive Queuing M/M/c queuing model and on the second a discrete event simulator known as Arena software is used. Evaluation of this work is carried out with the current un-controlled existing system based on waiting time and waiting costs. The result reveal that the proposed DRVC had a better and high waiting time gain difference compared to the un-controlled system Also, we recorded lower waiting costs compared to the conventional un-controlled system. However, at the peak, they almost have the same performance, this is attributed to the fact the threshold of all the lane are reached and more vehicles have to wait. This model is hope to play a significant role in traffic control in our various toll gate in Nigeria Keywords: Robot, vehicle, arrival time, queue length, waiting time


In a recent paper, the authors Jamal et al reviewed various guidelines published by dental societies of the world for the prevention of transmission of COVID-19 virus in the dental care setting during the current pandemic(Jamal et al., 2020). While this review is very interesting, I have a genuine apprehension that these guidelines may not be valid for a long time and very soon new guidelines will be required in the unfortunate event of COVID-19 becoming endemic.


Through the remote sensing geological structure interpretation of linear and annular structure and the research of the relation of the structure and regional mineralization of gold-copper and polymetals in Shiliping-Xiaoxi'nancha area the paper concluded the metallogenic characteristics and rules and pointed out the prospecting direction in the study area.


We propose an improved silver procedure for intensification of peroxidase staining. It utilizes the high argyrophilia of polymerized Ni-DAB as a chromogen of peroxidase histochemistry, and the capacity of Cu++-catalyzed H2O2 oxidation to suppress tissue argyrophilia without influencing the argyrophilia of the polymerized Ni-DAB. This procedure is much more effective than any previously proposed intensification technique. When used in somatostatin histochemistry, it reveals perikarya, fibers, and nerve terminals in locations at which they have never been detected in preparations where only the DAB polymer was silver-intensified.


Introduction: Modern technology has become a total phenomenon for development & with the introduction of computers; the medical profession has been taken to the new horizon. The CAD/CAM technology systems use computers to collect information, design, and manufacture a wide range of products. The parts and components can be designed and machined with precision using a computer with integrated software linked to a milling device. The earliest attempt to apply CAD/CAM technology to dentistry began in the 1970s with Bruce Altschuler, Francois Duret, Werner Mormann, and Marco Brandestini. Dr. Duret was the first in the field of Dental CAD/CAM development 1 .


Objective was to evaluate wool (Dorset and Rambouillet) and hair (Dorper, Katahdin, and White Dorper) breeds for their ability to complement Romanov germplasm in an annual fall lambing system by estimating direct maternal grandsire and sire breed effects on economically important lamb and ewe traits. After 3 yr of evaluation under spring lambing, ewes of the 5 F1 types were transitioned to spring mating, exposed to composite terminal sires, and evaluated under a barn lambing system at 4, 5, and 6 yr of age. A total of 527 F1 crossbred ewes produced 1151 litters and 2248 lambs from 1378 May exposures. After accounting for differences in dam age, birth type, and sex, lamb survival to weaning was unaffected by maternal grandsire breed (P = 0.30). However, lambs born to 50% Dorset (16.8 ± 0.21 kg) or 50% White Dorper ewes (16.8 ± 0.28 kg) were heavier at weaning than those born to 50% Katahdin dams (13.8 ± 0.32 kg; P < 0.001). Additionally, lambs born to 50% Dorset ewes were heavier than those born to 50% Rambouillet (16.0 ± 0.22 kg) and 50% Dorper ewes (15.7 ± 0.33; P ≤ 0.03), but no other pairwise maternal grandsire breed differences were observed (P ≥ 0.06). Ewe body weight (n = 3629) was recorded prior to each of 6 possible mating seasons and, across ages, was greatest for Dorset and Rambouillet sired ewes (56.7 ± 0.44 and 56.5 ± 0.45 kg, respectively), intermediate for Dorper and White Dorper sired ewes (54.7 ± 0.78 and 54.1 ± 0.64 kg, respectively), and least for Katahdin sired ewes (51.5 ± 0.45 kg). Fertility after spring mating (0.80 ± 0.03 to 0.87 ± 0.02), litter size at birth (1.46 ± 0.09 to 1.71 ± 0.07), and litter size at weaning (1.25 ± 0.06 to 1.46 ± 0.06) were not impacted by sire breed (P ≥ 0.16). Ewe longevity, assessed as the probability of being present after 6 production years, was also not affected by sire breed (0.39 ± 0.03 to 0.47 ± 0.03; P = 0.44). Rambouillet sired ewes weaned more total weight of lamb (21.5 ± 0.94 kg) than Katahdin sired ewes (17.8 ± 0.94 kg; P = 0.05), but no other sire breed differences were detected (P ≥ 0.07). Results demonstrated that incorporating the Romanov into a crossbreeding system is a practical means of improving out-of-season ewe productivity.


Objective: To provide evidence for the safe use of HEGF(recombinant Human epidermal growth factor) in clinical practice. Methods: The mutagenicity and skin toxicity of the HEGF were studied through different tests: the Ames assay, the CHL cell chromosome analysis, the mouse marrow cell MNT, the mouse sperm teratogenicity, the guinea pig passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and rabbit skin and eyes stimulating tests. Results: Negative results were shown in all the tests. Conclusion: No mutagenicity or skin toxicity effect of HEGF on be observed through genetic toxicology and skin toxicity tests.


The MEMS high temperature pressure transducer is film isolated in packaging structure.The high temperature oil is filled into the confined cavity formed by wavy tablets and base frame.Because the working temperature of sensor is 250 ℃,Silicone oil,base frame and wavy tablets will produce different degrees of thermal expansion.Eventually,it will produce a certain additional pressure on piezoresistive chip,which will interference the transducer accuracy.This paper mainly studied the thermal expansion on silicone oil,base frame and wavy tablets in 250 ℃.Finite element method was applied to analysis the expansion and the last corresponding degrees of thermal expansion of silicone oil was achieved under two different shapes of tablets,which were flat tablets and wavy tablets.Meanwhile,through analysis it achieved that the reasonable design of wavy tablets will effectively reduce the additional pressure to improve the stability and accuracy of transducer.


Purpose – The purpose of this Editorial is to outline the main functions of the UK industrial relations state agencies – the Certification Officer, the Central Arbitration Committee and The Advisory Conciliation and Arbitration Service.Design/methodology/approach – The Editorial outlines the main functions of the UK industrial relations state agencies, explaining their history and roles.Findings – The Editorial reveals detailed information about the main functions of the UK industrial relations state agencies.Originality/value – The Editorial offers insights into the work of UK industrial relations state agencies.


The conditions were studied for assaying of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity from rabbit serum, as the targetenzyme of organophosphate and carbamate pesticide. The results showed that the optimal reaction conditions were: 3.0ml of pH8.0buffer solution of phosphoric acid, 50μl of 0.6% DTNB and 100μl of 0.75% AChE were mixed with 50μl of 1% BTCI at 35℃,and then value detected of OD412 after 180s. The AChE activity showed good inhibition effect on the prothiofos, anorganophosphate pesticide, with 0.0125~0.4μg/ml as the concentration range and / or 5 ̄30 min as incubation time under the abovecondition. It indicated that the assay time could be adjusted. These results would be important to the RD of rapid detectioncard for assaying pesticide residue by rabbit serum AChE and improveing test accuracy.


Phosphoglycerate mutasesfromdifferent sourcesexhibit avariety ofquaternary structures (tetramer, dimerandmonomer). To perturb thetetrameric structure ofyeastphosphoglycerate mutasewe haveprepared amutantenzyme inwhichLys-168 inthe subunit-contact region hasbeenreplaced byproline. TheK168P mutantenzyme undergoes dissociation todimers atlowconcentrations; thus on lowering theconcentration from200,eg/ml to 5,ug/ml theproportion oftetramer falls from85% to53%.The tetrameric structure ofthewild-type enzyme remains intact over this rangeofconcentrations. Themutantenzyme hassimilar kinetic properties tothewild-type enzyme, withkcatbeing reduced by26%.Far-u.v. c.d. studies showthat there hasbeen


In oil industry, spontaneous imbibition is an important phenomenon in recovery from fractured reservoirs which can be defined as spontaneous uptake of a wetting fluid into a porous solid. Spontaneous imbibition involves both cocurrent and countercurrent flows. When a matrix block is partially covered by water, oil recovery is dominated by cocurrent imbibition i.e. the production of non wetting phase has the same direction of flow as the wetting phase. However if the matrix block is completely covered by water then countercurrent flow takes place, and the production of non wetting phase has an opposite direction of flow to that of the imbibing wetting phase. Each of these processes can be described by a nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE). In this paper, the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) which is a powerful series-based analytical tool, is used to approximate the solutions of cocurrent and countercurrent equations. HPM decomposes a complex partial differential equation under study to a series of simple ordinary differential equations that are easy to be solved. The solutions obtained by HPM are compared with that found using a common numerical method applied by MATLAB software. The difference between the two is seemed to be virtually negligible. A good agreement is also achieved from the comparison of the solutions obtained by HPM with those of a numerical method (NM).


Title Phase Evolution, Microstructure and Hardness of TiB2-based Co-containing Composite by SHS under Pseudo-isostatic Pressure Author(s) Ziemnicka-Sylwester, Marta; Matsuura, Kiyotaka; Ohno, Munekazu Citation ISIJ International, 52(9): 1698-1704 Issue Date 2012 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/53064 Rights Copyright © 2012 by The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan Type article File Information ISIJ Prof. Yoneda.pdf


The paper is aiming to propose an integrated approach of understanding, teaching, and applying Project Management (PM) body of knowledge for projects where specific integration between the PM approach and system, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) educational approach is almost mandatory. The proposed accelerated compatible system-engineering adaptive approach (ACSEA2) recomposes Project Management Institute (PMI), International Project Management Association (IPMA) and Australian PM Institute (AIPM) competency frameworks integrating them with not typical for PM other competency models and the expected knowledge and skills of the project leader to execute successfully the project life-cycle.


This article explores the current state of Library Science and library catalogs in Ukraine. It describes conditions that have impacted their development and problems that influence their growth. Particular focus is given to the increase in information access in Ukrainian libraries that has taken place over the last twenty years. The authors describe major projects in the library field and in the field of library cataloging with special attention to the experience of the Library of the National University of "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy."


In this paper, a dynamic nonlinear imperfectly competitive spatial equilibrium model is developed to evaluate international and domestic agricultural policies. The objective is to develop a more nexible and comprehensive dynamic policy simulation model to examine imperfectly competitive agricultural trade with various domestic and international support policies. The model is formulated as the nonlinear complementarity problem (NCP) to a dynamic nonlinear imperfectly competitive spatial equilibrium model. In addition to being a dynamic and nonlinear generalization, the model also has the following desirable features. First, free trade agreements (FTAS), such as NAFTA, are explicitly introduced. Second, domestic support policies, such as production subsidies, deficiency payments, and production quotas, are separately introduced. Finally, the model allows for various degrees of imperfectly competitive behavior. To illustrate its usefulness, the model is applied to international wheat trade under several alternative policy scenarios based on proposals of major countries. The dynamic simulation period for all policy scenarios is from 1999 through 2020. The simulation results are consistent with the actions and strategies of major countries in current WTO negotiations.


What is a trauma? The focus on trauma over the past thirty years has moved from a failure to acknowledge it as a formative influence in personality and behaviour to its present recognition as a primary influence. The field has moved also from a view that exposure to traumatic experiences would result inevitably in 'traumatisation' and a need for clinical help - which led to overenthusiastic counsellors forcing themselves on people who just needed time, space and security. We now know that only a proportion of those exposed to traumatic events develop symptoms of PTSD and associated clinical conditions, although this figure is higher in terrorist attacks. Rob Gordon highlights the problems for the field with a focus of most research and literature almost exclusively on PTSD. As a result many discussions of trauma are underpinned by a simplistic or fragmentary psychology, and techniques are developed that only focus on part of the person. Gordon explores the implications of this trend for treatment and argues for an approach that relies on a comprehensive psychology of the person and emphasises the importance of the social dimension. The notions of 'sensory' and 'informational' trauma are introduced, and helpful and hindering styles of social support are identified. (editor abstract)


The utility model relates to a double-axle seven-roller drafting machine, comprising a drafting container, an engine base, beveled wheels, worm gears, and seven drafting rollers. The input shaft of the drafting machine is vertical to the direction of drafting shafts and is positioned on the side face of the drafting machine, and the input shaft is a part of a worm bar; the worm gear is connected with one of the drafting shafts in a way of dynamic force, the beveled wheels of the drafting shaft engage with the beveled wheels of other drafting shafts to transmit dynamic force; the single side arrangement of the drafting roller of the double-axle seven-roller drafting machine is that the upper row is provided with four rollers and the lower row is provided with three rollers, and the two sides are identical. Encapsulated drafting rollers are mounted on the one-channel drafting machine and the four-channel drafting machine and the drafting machine is externally provided with different driving devices with different reduction ratios according to the different requirements of draft ratio. The utility model is suitable for the subsequent channel processing equipment of special fiber with high elasticity and high modulus and production line which can produce special fiber and is composed of fore-spinning equipment and post spinning equipment. With the drafting function to fiber, the utility model can produce standard fabric products.


The discrete input module is described programmable. In one or more implementations, the programmable discrete input module includes a pulse width demodulation module configured to generate a pulse width modulation module and a pulse width of a demodulated signal formed on the basis of the input signal to produce a pulse width modulated signal. The isolator is adapted to produce a pulse width modulated signal separated based on the pulse width modulation signal to separate pulse width modulation module and a pulse-width demodulation modules and generating a demodulated signal pulse width a pulse width demodulation module. Programmable discrete input module is further for comparing the signal output by a demodulated pulse-width signal to the first comparator or the second comparator to generate a first comparator and a second comparator, and a discrete input signal for comparison with each of the programmable reference a digital filter configured to filter.