Abstract : Polar oxides are of much interest due to their symmetry-dependent properties including ferroelectricity/multiferroics, magnetoelectricity, piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity, and second-order harmonic generation (SHG) effect, which are all important for technological applications.[1] However, polar crystal design and synthesis is challenging, because multiple effects, such as steric or dipole-dipole interactions, typically combine to form non-polar structures, and the number of known polar, especially magnetoelectric materials, is still extremely few.[2] Therefore, as one of the focus of this program, we embarked on high pressure (HP) and high temperature (HT) synthesis to find new interesting and potentially useful polar materials. As will be shown here, we have been exceedingly successful, and opened a new path to design new polar and potentially multifunctional useful materials with corundum-type structure of general formula A2BBO6. In addition,HP and HT were also used to prepare new metastable double perovskites and quadruple perovskites with unusual structures and properties. In addition, ambient pressure and more conventional solid state methods to synthesize new phases with 3d, 4d and 5d transition metals and exotic correlated electronic properties was used in parallel with the HP/HT projects. As the results enumerated below show, a large number of new materials were synthesized; their physical properties were characterized indetail with a multitude of state-of-the-art techniques, and coupled experiment and theory lead to deeper understanding of the observed properties, as well as guiding synthesis of new phases.


A new technique is proposed for noise suppression in return-to-zero systems. The nonlinear propagation in dispersion decreasing fiber (DDF) combined with narrow-band optical and/or electrical filters suppresses noise superposed on signal. As a result, Q-factor is improved by about 2.5 dB as compared to the case without DDF.


In the following article the author researches the process of implementation of economic stimuli for labour conditions and labour safety improvement. Illustrated on Omsk region, the analysis of quantity of insurant enterprises which were given discounts on obligatory social security fees, and which have used social security funds for preventive actions has been taken for the years 2001 to 2011. The author suggests actions to raise activity of economic stimuli in the social partnership field.


1. Number Lines In this problem we will be representing equalities and inequalities on number lines. Represent each of the following equalities and inequalities on your number line. Identify a particular value of x that satisfies each (in)equality.


This self-repairing agent comprises water 93-95 percent, polyvinyl alcohol 2.7-3 percent, talcum powder 1.8-2 percent, paper cellulose 0.8-1 percent (by weight). This product possesses excellent fluidity, permeability, and toughness. The self-repairing and leakage preventing effect is excellent.


ABSTRACT Vibrio toranzoniae (CECT 7225T) was isolated from healthy reared carpet shell clams in Galicia (Northwest Spain). In addition, this species has been recently identified as a potential pathogen of red conger eel in Chile. The draft genome sequence has 4.5 Mbp, a G+C content of 43.9%, and >3,800 protein-coding genes.


In this paper, a new demand-side evaluation for the technical potential of lighting dimming control and its applications in electricity markets have been presented. The California standard practice test has been widely used to estimate the economic value of demand-side resources. However, as the advent of deregulation and restructuring of power industry, the California test has been facing some limitations to adopt in the new market environments. In particular the conventional DC test is appropriate for the traditional vertically integrated utility, not for the restructured unbundled utility. Thus, this paper presents a new method to evaluate the economic value of demand-side resource, especially of controllable lighting dimming resource in terms of the energy service provider in market environments. We, therefore, first estimate the technical potential of the lighting dimming control and evaluate the value of the lighting dimming control based on the Korean electricity market data in 2006. The study result shows that the lighting dimming control is a cost effective option for the energy service provider.


The main objective was to determine the understanding of technical university lecturers in Ghana on continuing professional development and the importance it plays in their career prospects. The study was qualitative with a sample size of forty-eighty. The sample was taken from six deans of faculties, six heads of departments, and thirty-six lecturers. The participants were chosen from two technical universities. Two interview schedules were used to interview the participants. The deans and heads were interviewed with a different schedule, and the other was used to interview the lecturers. Some of the research findings included that CPD is any training, activity, or program that improves one's knowledge, competencies, and skills in their field of specialty. It was also revealed that CPD allows lecturers to develop themselves. The ultimate objective of CPD is to help lecturers be efficient and effective in their teaching to impact their students positively. The study recommends that lecturers above fifty years who do not qualify for study leave with pay to embark on terminal degrees but certify all the criteria for promotion be promoted not above the senior lecturer position. Keywords: Career prospects, Competencies, Knowledge, Professional Development, Skills.


Background: R‐on‐T event is a well‐known trigger of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF). We propose a method to estimate the risk of R‐on‐T event from the inter‐beat (RR) intervals based on modeled QT‐RR relationship.


Twenty-five outstanding programs for young adults, selected by the YALSA Executive Committee, are showcased here. These replicable programs encourage teens to become library customers for life. Librarians can browse and pick the best ideas for their libraries. The programs are featured in an easy-to-follow template structure under broad general headings including after school programs, life skills, teen advisory boards, career preparation, creative expression and more.


Recently, a series-connected current source converter (CSC) based configuration is proposed for offshore wind conversion systems. However, two problems exist in conventional strategy of such a system. One is increased cost on onshore CSCs, and the other is decreased operation efficiency of onshore CSCs. To solve these issues, this paper proposes an optimized strategy. First, the nominal number of onshore CSCs is optimized that a lower cost and a higher efficiency are achieved. Second, an optimal control scheme is proposed for onshore CSCs with lower operation loss. In addition, it is implemented without any extra components or auxiliary circuits. In summary, the proposed scheme gives a reduced cost and an improved efficiency of the offshore system with all the control objective being ensured simultaneously. Simulation and experiments are finally provided.


The integration of internet-of-things (IoT) technologies in the industry benefits digital manufacturing applications by allowing ubiquitous interaction and collaborative automation between machines. Online data collection and data interaction are critical for real-time decision making and machine collaborations. However, due to the specificity of digital manufacturing applications, the technical gap between IoT techniques and practical machine operation could hinder the efficient data interactions, collaborations between machines, and the effectiveness as well as the accuracy of itemized data collection. This investigation, therefore, identifies some major technical problems and challenges that current IoT-based digital manufacturing is facing, and proposes a method to bridge the technical gap for itemized product management. The highlights of this investigation are: 1) a data-oriented system architecture toward flexible data interaction between machines, 2) a customized machine-to-machine protocol for machine discovery, presence, and messaging, (3) flexible data structure and data presentation for interoperability, and (4) versatile information tracing approaches for product management. The proposed solutions have been implemented in PicknPack digital food manufacturing line, and achieved ubiquitous data interaction, online data collection, and versatile product information tracing methods have shown the feasibility and significance of the presented methods.


Sleep and waking behaviors change significantly during the adolescent years. The objective of this study was to describe the relation between adolescents' sleep/wake habits, characteristics of students (age, sex, school), and daytime functioning (mood, school performance, and behavior). A Sleep Habits Survey was administered in homeroom classes to 3,120 high school students at 4 public high schools from 3 Rhode Island school districts. Self-reported total sleep times (school and weekend nights) decreased by 40–50 min across ages 13–19, ps 120 min) reported increased daytime sleepiness, depressive mood, and sleep/wake behavior problems, ps < .05, versus those sleeping longer than 8 hr 15 min with less than 60 min weekend delay. Altogether, most of the adolescents' surveyed do not get enough sleep, and their sleep loss interferes with daytime functioning.


The success of many Women-Owned Micro-Enterprise Projects (WOMEPs) is highly dependent on reliable access to credit services as a source of capital. However, due to prevalence of numerous socio-cultural practices such as patriarchy, social discrimination, norms/taboos, negative perceptions and social stigma, a number of these projects fail to get adequate access to credit financing. Consequently, they fail to reach their full potential. This study therefore sought to investigate the influence of socio-cultural practices on credit uptake behaviour of women-owned micro-enterprise projects in Machakos Sub-County, Machakos County.The sample included 504 women micro entrepreneurs, 8 credit managers, 7 credit officers and 2 Machakos County Social Development Officials. Data was collected using the questionnaire. Data analysis was done using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics included frequencies and percentages whereas inferential statistics involved regression analysis in the SPSS version 22.0 software. Regression analysis results revealed that a unit rise in the prevalence of socio-cultural practices is likely to reduce credit uptake amongst women micro enterprises by about 32.7%. The implication is that socio-cultural practices have a significant negative influence on credit uptake behaviour of the women owned micro enterprise projects. The study therefore recommended that the national and county governments should institute legislations to curb retrogressive socio-cultural practices especially in rural set ups in order to increase credit uptake capacity of women micro entrepreneurs.


Theoretical research has predicted three different effects of increased import competition on plant-level behavior: reduced domestic production and sales, improving average efficiency of plants, and increased exit of marginal firms. In empirical work, though, such effects are difficult to separate from the impact of exogenous technological progress (or regress). I use detailed plant-level information available in the US Census of Manufacturers and the Annual Survey of Manufacturers for the period 1983-2000 to decompose these effects. I derive the relative contribution of technology and import competition to the increase in productivity and the decline in employment in textiles production in the US in recent years. I then simulate the impact of removal of quota protection on the scale of operation of the average plant and the incentive to plant closure. The methodology employs a number of important innovations in examining the impact of falling import prices on the domestic production of an import-competing good. First, import competition is modeled directly through its impact on the relative prices of monopolistically competitive goods along the lines suggested by Melitz (2000). Second, the effect of technology is incorporated through structural estimation of plant-level production functions in four factors (capital, labor, energy and materials). Solutions to econometric difficulties related to missing capital data and unobserved productivity are incorporated into the estimation technique. The model is estimated for plants with primary product in SIC 2211 (broadwoven cotton cloth). Results validate modeling demand as for differentiated products. Technological coefficients are sensible, with exogenous technological progress playing a large role. In the simulations run, the effects of foreign price competition are orders of magnitude higher than those of technological progress for the period after quotas on imports are removed. The large-scale reduction in employment and output in the US is shown to be a combination of reduced employment and output at plants in continuous operation and of plant closures that exceed new entries.


The paper provides the data on aphyllophoroid fungi of the State Nature Reserve «Zapadnyy Kotlin» situated in the Kronshtadtsky District of St. Petersburg. Annotated list includes 78 species with data on their habitats, substrates and frequency. Seven species (Botryobasidium capitatum, Deviodontia pilaecystidiata, Kneiffiella microspora, Lentaria byssiseda, Phanerochaete livescens, Phlebia subochracea, Schizopora flavipora) are published for the first time for St. Petersburg. Deviodontia pilaecystidiata is new for North-West of European Russia.


ABSTRACT Salt domes in east Texas are possible sites for nuclear waste repositories. Tectonic stability is a critical factor in evaluating suitability as a repository. Subsurface studies were undertaken to determine stratigraphy and structure of strata around the domes, and to ascertain the growth history of the domes as a means to evaluate tectonic stability. This paper presents the stratigraphy and structural relationships of Upper Cretaceous to lower Eocene strata bounding the upper part of the domes. Three main types of domes have been interpreted from well-log data: 1) at Hainesville dome, Upper Cretaceous strata exhibit notable thickening in a rim syncline and stratigraphic markers dip toward the dome except near the contact with domal material; 2) at Keechi dome, strata are uplifted and dip away from the dome with strata thinning toward the dome; 3) at Oakwood dome, strata are approximately horizontal until near the dome edge, where they are upturned; minor thickening of strata occurs toward the dome. Differences in stratigraphy and structure of Cretaceous-Eocene strata in the vicinity of these domes are attributed to differences in growth history.


Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo will be all-sky monitors for merging compact objects within a few hundred megaparsecs. Finding the electromagnetic counterparts to these events will require an understanding of the transient sky at low redshift ( z < 0.1). We performed a systematic search for extragalactic, low redshift, transient events in the XMM-Newton Slew Survey. In a flux limited sample, we found that highly variable objects comprised 10% of the sample, and that of these, 10% were spatially coincident with cataloged optical galaxies. This led to 4 × 10 − 4 transients per square degree above a flux threshold of 3 × 10 − 12 erg cm − 2 s − 1 (0.2–2 keV) which might be confused with LIGO / Virgo counterparts. This represents the first extragalactic measurement of the soft X-ray transient rate within the Advanced LIGO / Virgo horizon. Our search revealed six objects that were spatially coincident with previously cataloged galaxies, lacked evidence for optical active galactic nuclei, displayed high luminosities ∼ 10 43 erg s − 1 , and varied in flux by more than a factor of 10 when compared with the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. At least four of these displayed properties consistent with previously observed tidal disruption events.


A cationic palladium(II)-catalyzed enantioselective tandem [3+2] annulation of 2-acylarylboronic acids with substituted alkynes to yield optically active 1-indenols was developed in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities.


To establish trimester‐specific reference intervals (TSRIs) for blood lipid profiles in Chinese women and explore their associations with pregnancy outcomes.


Roma people are often stigmatized by the members of the out-groups, the process of stigmatization being enforced through a selection of stereotypically assigned characteristics of the group. In the last two decades, the stigmatization of Roma was contributed by scientists, policy makers and mass media. Stigma is a basis for social exclusion of Roma people and it is transferred from the whole group to the individual level. The negative labelling of the entire Roma group affects identity and stigma consciousness for each individual Roma. This paper addresses ethnic stigma consciousness in a sample of 96 Roma activists, women and men. The results show that stigma consciousness is highly present among Roma participants from the sample, although there are not significant differences between Roma women and Roma men regarding ethnic stigma consciousness.


In this work, the effects of amylose content, drying medium, and drying temperature on the fissure, texture, and glycemic index of germinated paddy (GP) were investigated. The amylose content, drying temperature, and drying medium affected the degree of starch gelatinization and percentage of fissure kernels significantly. Hot air drying at 130 and 150°C insignificantly influenced the hardness of Phitsanulok 2 GP with high amylose content after cooking compared to that of shade-dried GP, and the drying temperatures significantly affected the hardness and stickiness of RD6 GP without amylose content. Superheated steam drying caused a significant change in textural properties for both paddy varieties because of complete starch gelatinization. The high-amylose paddy had higher gamma-aminobutyric acid and lower glycemic index than nonamylose paddy. Drying temperature and drying media did not change the gamma-aminobutyric acid and glycemic index of both GP varieties in comparison to their shade-dried samples.


I am concerned here with the ways in which image and theory interact over decades of development and becoming visible the one to the other. I set out the processes of becoming visible and readable in new and unexpected ways against the questionable newness of the new, and against the outstanding question of what it might have been that the old really was. In this discussion the word sex is deployed as if it referred to an essential nature, and this Edenic use is formulated as a critical abuse of theoretical models that have dominated our understanding of the visible.


Awareness of computers and computation rose considerably in the United States between 1939 and 1969. Press attention and public demonstrations showcased early robots and the push-button kitchen as two approachable yet fantastical examples of how computing processes might be applied to social life. Media coverage was hyperbolic and sensational, but also cautiously enthusiastic, skeptical, and sometimes dismissive. Public displays and print media consistently engaged signifiers of white, middle-class womanhood during the multidecade era when computers went from calculating machines to technologies families could begin to imagine in their homes. While much scholarship theorizes sensationalism as affective excess in opposition to the rational, the emergence of computing in this period necessitates a new consideration of sensationalistic media practices. The case of how publics were introduced to early ideas about computers is an opportunity to consider the complexity of sensationalism as a bundle of affects anchored in the iconography of white femininity, a mode I term sensible sensationalism.


Articles in the popular press indicate controversy surrounding the reality of global warming. However greenhouse models predict more warming that is presently apparent. For climate change to live up to predictions, the minimal warming of the 1980`s will have to accelerate into the next millenium.


Modern communication networks evolve towards integration of guaranteed-performance and best-effort service types. The coexistence of these two service types offers substantial benefits, such as resource sharing between service classes, and the ability of the user to select an appropriate service class according to its individual requirements and preferences. Notwithstanding, such interaction gives rise to more complicated system behavior and related performance issues, which need to be explored and understood in order to allow efficient network operation. In this paper we examine potential congestion phenomena, which arise due to the combined effect of bandwidth sharing and user migration between service classes. We propose a simplified fluid model for session flow, consisting of two coupled queues with state-dependent flows, which captures the essential ingredients of service-class interaction. Our analysis shows that the system might exhibit bistable behavior, in the sense that transient congestion may stir the system from a stable and efficient operating point to an inefficient and congested one. We identify conditions which give rise to bistability, and propose a call admission control scheme which prevents the system from getting trapped in a congested-type equilibrium, while not interfering with normal system operation.


In a previous paper an experiment methodology was developed to quantify and maximise the accuracy of the wave spectrum encountered by a moving model ship in a seakeeping experiment. At ARE, the calculations necessary to apply this methodology have been encoded on the ship tank computer and are automatically executed prior to every experiment. However, in order to implement the methodology, it has been necessary to modify the signal generator which drives the wavemaker so that each frequency in the spectrum is 'ramped up' at the correct time and at the correct rate. Since the signal generator is also implemented in software on the facility computer, it is a simple matter to pass parameters calculated by the experiment design program to the signal generator program, and also to pass signals to the experimenter to indicate the times and positions of the carriage at the start from rest, the start of the test (when data acquisition can commence), and the end of the test. In this paper, the modifications to the signal generator will be described in more detail.


SUMMARY Background Cardiorespiratory fitness is an established predictor of metabolic disease and mortality. Fitness is directly measured as maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2 max ), or indirectly assessed using heart rate response to a standard exercise test. However, such testing is costly and burdensome, limiting its utility and scalability. Fitness can also be approximated using resting heart rate and self-reported exercise habits but with lower accuracy. Modern wearables capture dynamic heart rate data which, in combination with machine learning models that find latent patterns in high-dimensional sensor signals, could improve fitness prediction. Methods In this work, we analyze movement and heart rate signals from wearable sensors in free-living conditions from 11,059 participants who also underwent a standard exercise test, along with a longitudinal repeat cohort of 2,675 participants. We design algorithms and models that convert raw sensor data into cardio-respiratory fitness estimates, and validate these estimates' ability to capture fitness profiles in a longitudinal cohort over time while subjects engaged in real-world (non-exercise) behavior. Additionally, we validate our methods with a third external cohort of 181 participants who underwent maximal VO 2 max testing, which is considered the gold standard measurement because it requires reaching one's maximum heart rate and exhaustion level. Findings Our results show that the developed models yield high correlation ( r = 0.82, 95CI 0.80-0.83), when compared to the ground truth in a holdout sample. These models outperform conventional non-exercise fitness models and traditional bio-markers using measurements of normal daily living without the need of a specific exercise test. Additionally, we show the adaptability and applicability of this approach for detecting fitness change over time in the longitudinal subsample who repeated measurements after 7 years. Interpretation These results demonstrate the value of wearables for the longitudinal assessment of fitness that today can be measured only with laboratory tests.


Re-analysis of the solar phase curves of the icy Galilean satellites demonstrates that the quantitative results are dependent on the single particle scattering function incorporated into the photometric model; however, the qualitative properties are independent. The results presented here show that the general physical characteristics predicted by a Hapke model (B. Hapke, 1986, Icarus 67,264-280) incorporating a two parameter double Henyey-Greenstein scattering function are similar to the predictions given by the same model incorporating a three parameter double Henyey-Greenstein scattering function as long as the data set being modeled has adequate coverage in phase angle. Conflicting results occur when the large phase angle coverage is inadequate. Analysis of the role of isotropic versus anisotropic multiple scattering shows that for surfaces as bright as Europa the two models predict very similar results over phase angles covered by the data. Differences arise only at those phase angles for which there are no data. The single particle scattering behavior between the leading and trailing hemispheres of Europa and Ganymede is commensurate with magnetospheric alterations of their surfaces. Ion bombardment will produce more forward scattering single scattering functions due to annealing of potential scattering centers within regolith particles (N. J. Sack et al., 1992, Icarus 100, 534-540). Both leading and trailing hemispheres of Europa are consistent with a high porosity model and commensurate with a frost surface. There are no strong differences in predicted porosity between the two hemispheres of Callisto, both are consistent with model porosities midway between that deduced for Europa and the Moon. Surface roughness model estimates predict that surface roughness increases with satellite distance from Jupiter, with lunar surface roughness values falling midway between those measured for Ganymede and Callisto. There is no obvious variation in predicted surface roughness with hemisphere for any of the Galilean satellites. _ 1997AcademicPress


With some examples given, the paper points out six main misunderstandings that exist in eco-waterfront practice under Chinese background. It brings forward restoration of ecology as the principle to guide the waterfront constructions, and also offers some concrete methods through several designs. Here "restoration" has two meanings: one is that original meaning or intention should be given back to the word "ecology"; the other is instead of human's inventing something ecological, local ecology characteristics should be given back to urban waterfront.


The effect of rhG CSF on the growth of HL 60 cells were investigated. The results demonstrated that rhG CSF could signifi cantly inhabit the growth of HL 60 cells and the express of C myc gene, and reduce their 3H TdR incorporation. After 2 5 days of treatment with rhG CSF culture, part of HL 60 cells became of reducing NBT dye The data suggest the inhibition of HL 60 cells proliferation by rhG CSF may be, at least partially, due to its differentiation inducing activ ity.


1 Broad Contexts 2 Framing September 11: Rhetorical Device and Photographic Opinion 3 Orientalism and the Anti-American Sentiment 4 War and Just War: Terrorism and Afghanistan 5 The United States and Iraq: 'One Can do Nothing About the Past' 6 Iraq and Vietnam: The Unbearable Weight of Defeat 7 The Tipping Point: Between Bring 'em on and Going South 8 Imperial Frustrations Bibliography Notes Index


The article contains sections titled:

1. Introduction
2. Production
2.1. Diazotization and Coupling
2.1.1. Diazotization
2.1.2. Coupling
2.2. Other Azo Group Syntheses
2.2.1. Condensation of Nitro Compounds with Amines
2.2.2. Reduction of Nitro Compounds
2.2.3. Oxidation of Amino Compounds
2.3. Synthesis from Azo Compounds
2.3.1. Exposure of Concealed or Protected Amino Groups
2.3.2. Acylation of Amino Azo Compounds
2.3.3. Alkylation and Acylation of Phenolic Hydroxyl Groups
2.3.4. Metal-Complex Formation
2.4. Processes without Industrial Importance
2.4.1. Reduction of Diazonium Compounds
2.4.2. Oxidative Coupling
2.4.3. Dehydrogenation of Diarylhydrazines
2.4.4. Reaction of Arylhydrazines with Quinones
2.4.5. Condensation of Nitroso Compounds with Amines
2.4.6. Azo Compounds from Azido Compounds
2.5. Equipment for Industrial Production of Azo Dyes
2.6 Continuous Diazo Reaction and Continuous Coupling Reaction Technology
2.6.1 Continuous Diazo Reaction Technology
2.6.2 Continuous Coupling Reaction Technology


With the popularization and development of computer technology, the use of intelligent methods in oral training teaching has greatly promoted the evaluation of oral training results and the mastery of preclinical operation, thus promoting the continuous progress and development of stomatology. At present, the virtual simulation technology is more mature in the field of oral training and teaching: the digital oral anatomy three-dimensional reconstruction technique, the Mug digital virtual oral skills training system, the oral medicine robot training machine and the like. The application of these computer technologies has improved the traditional oral experimental teaching and brought new ideas to the reform of oral experimental teaching. By introducing virtual technology into the experimental teaching of Parodontology, a simulation training method of visual and tactile fusion is provided for medical students. Through the operation on the virtual model, the students realized the threedimensional cognition of periodontal system anatomy and the control of the power of Supragingival scalingt, which laid a solid foundation for clinical practice.


The archives are fundamental carriers of the national assessment of personnel training level of Polytechnics and colleges.The national assessment of personnel training level carried out by the government improved common understanding of archives management among Polytechnics and colleges and accelerated the construction of institutionalization,standardization,scientization and modernization.Archives management of Shunde Polytechnic is sampled to discuss the promotion effect by archives management on assessment of personnel training level of Polytechnics and colleges.


The goal of this paper is to explain the usage and semantics of hierarchical defaults in logical speciications. We discuss the usefulness of defaults for diierent speciication scenarios like specialization, aggregation, explanation, revision, etc. To understand defaults formally, we introduce a general framework parameterized on the underlying logical institution extended by an instantiation mechanism for formulae. It is shown that hierarchical defaults have intended models if the extended institution is compact. As an example for a non-standard logic, we give the semantics of defaults in the multi-modal object calculus of the is-core project. To structure and compose speciications with defaults, default-preserving speciication morphisms are deened and corresponding colimit constructions are sketched.


Abstract After the 1984/85 drought in Ethiopia, Oxfam and several other international organizations undertook a drought recovery project by providing oxen, seed, food aid and technical assistance to the most affected farmers in the central highlands of Ethiopia. This paper attempts to analyse the impact of the project on the productivity of important inputs and also on the disembodied technological change on these farms. The estimated production functions for the seven selected crops reveal that the total factor productivity is higher in five of the seven cases (crops) for the beneficiaries. Also, a significant disembodied technical change measured by the upward shift in the production function is observed in six of the seven cases. Beneficiaries of the project have achieved an average increase of 12% over the production of the non‐beneficiaries. This increase ranged from 2% for maize to 23% for durra. Productivities of individual inputs are also discussed.


Topologically interlocking architectures have demonstrated the potential to create durable ceramics with desirable thermo-mechanical properties. However, designing such materials poses challenges due to the intricate design space, rendering traditional modeling approaches ineffective and impractical. This paper presents a novel approach to designing high-performance architectured ceramics by integrating machine learning (ML) techniques and finite element analysis (FEA) data. The design space of interlocked architectured ceramics encompasses tiles with varying angles and sizes. The study considers three configurations 3 × 3, 5 × 5, and 7 × 7 arrays of tiles with five sets of interlocking angles (5◦, 10◦, 15◦, 20◦, and 25◦). By training ML models, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and multilayer perceptrons (MLPs) using FEA simulation data, we establish correlations between architectural parameters and thermo-mechanical characteristics. A grid comprising all possible designs was generated to predict high-performance architectured ceramics. This grid was then fed into the networks that were trained using results from the FEA simulation. The predicted results for all possible interpolated designs are utilized to determine the optimal structure among the configurations. The goal is to identify the optimal interlocked ceramics that minimize the out-of-plane deformation for thermal shielding and maximize heat absorption for heat sink applications. To validate the performance of the outcomes, FEA simulations were conducted on the best predictions obtained from both the MLP and CNN algorithms. Despite the limited amount of available simulation data, our networks demonstrate effectiveness in predicting the transient thermo-mechanical responses of potential panel designs. Notably, the optimal design predicted by CNN led to ≈30% improvement in edge temperature.


The development of modern information technologies has contributed to the emergence of new trends in communication between people. Computer graphics have provoked the rapid promotion of content on social media. The article highlights the types of computer graphics and highlights digital products. The authors analyzed the use of social media such as Facebook and Instagram. The author's method of content analysis is proposed and as a result 5 important factors influencing the popularity of publications are identified: the form of digital content, content perception, color scheme and type of digital content. Content with the use of computer graphics predominates in Facebook, this is due to the implementation of game content. The types of metrics used to measure the effectiveness of Facebook and Instagram at different sales funnel stages are considered. The authors developed a formula for measuring the impact of computer graphics on the popularity of the account in social media (the level of attractiveness of the publication) and proposed a model of success of the account in social media through the use of high-quality digital content.


The notion of CSR and the notion of strategic management of companies are often thought to be contradictory.
The former is associated with the aim of generation of profits while the latter idea is often associated with
ensuring business earns a 'social license to operate'. However, emerging literature and practice suggests
that a process of integration of the theoretical concepts and practices of CSR with strategic management is
occurring. This paper describes some of the evidence for this so-called 'theoretical synthesis of economics
and ethics' (Windsor). The first part of the paper starts with a description of commonly-used definitions
of CSR and highlights critical differences. It continues by describing how aspects of CSR and strategic
management are in some ways becoming more integrated at the organisational, strategy-setting and business
management level at some companies. The paper then describes how theoretical approaches to CSR have
the potential to become absorbed (and to enleaven) pre-existing strategic management theory. It concludes
by giving a warning of potential hazards of incomplete integration of the two theories and practices.


The Werkgemeenschap voor Informatie- en Communicatietheorie (WIC) has organized the annual Symposium on Information Theory in the Benelux (SITB) since 1980. This year's symposium, the 33rd in the series, takes place in Boekelo, The Netherlands. For the second time, it is organized jointly with the IEEE Benelux Signal Processing Chapter. The symposium is organized by the Signals and Systems Group and Stochastic Operations Research Group of University of Twente. These proceedings contain the papers which are presented during the symposium. We are grateful to the authors for submitting their latest results. This year we are extremely fortunate to have two renowned invited lecturers: Dr. Job Oostveen (TNO, The Netherlands) and Prof. Gernot Kubin (TU Graz, Austria). We gratefully acknowledge the sponsorship provided by the Gauss Foundation (presenting the Best Student Paper Award) and the IEEE Benelux Chapter on Information Theory. We also express our sincere thanks to Ms. Sandra Westhoff for her assistance in the organization of the symposium. We hope that this symposium offers a good opportunity to exchange knowledge and improve personal contacts among the participants. Enschede, The Netherlands, May 2012


��� Since the late 1960s, federal civil rights enforcement initiatives in health have been half-hearted and ineffective. The historical failure of the federal government to address the possible role of racial discrimination has taken place despite considerable evidence that, for a number of services, racial and ethnic minorities continue to receive inferior treatment to that accorded to whites. In many cases, these treatment differences remain even after controlling for socioeconomic and insurance statuses, and standard covariates such as patient age, health status, and gender. 1 Health care consumed 15.3 percent of GDP in 2003. Public funds


Engineered Cementitious Composites(ECC) is a kind of building material which has characteristic of high strength, high ductility and strain hardening performance in tension. It has wide application prospects in the reinforced engineering. Based on the low-cyclic reversed loading test of 4 damaged brick wall which was strengthened by ECC and the comparison to another 4 specimens from related references, the failure mechanism, failure mode, hysteretic characteristics and deformability of brick walls strengthened by ECC splint were studied. The research shows that: 1) strengthened by ECC splint, the deformability and seismic performance of damaged brick wall are obviously improved; 2) it is an effective method to reinforce masonry structure because ECC splint can restrain its inner brick wall dramatically and provide significant improvement in the brittle fracture of brick wall; 3) improving the bond behavior of ECC splint and constructional column to ensure the shear transfer between them plays an important role in enhancing the overall performance of strengthened brick wall. A new technique of strengthening masonry structure is proposed based on this research, which is epected to have good prospect of promotion and application.


Abstract This paper proposes a fair trading protocol. The fair trading protocol provides an overall solution for a trading process with offline anonymous credit card payments. With the exploding growth of electronic commerce on the Internet, the issue of fairness1,2 is becoming increasingly more important. Fair exchange protocols have already been broadly used for applications such as electronic transactions,3,4 electronic mails,5,6and contract signing.7 Fairness is one of the critical issues in online transactions and related electronic payment systems. Many electronic payment systems have been proposed for providing different levels of security to financial transactions, such as iKP,8SET,9 NetBill,10 and NetCheque.11 In a normal electronic commerce transaction, there is always a payer and a payee to exchange money for goods or services. At least one financial institution, normally a bank, should be present in the payment system. The financial institution plays the role of issuer for the payer and the role of acquirer for the payee. An electronic payment system must enable an honest payer to convince the payee of a legitimate payment and prevent a dishonest payer from using other unsuitable behavior. At the same time, some additional security requirements may be addressed based on the nature of trading processes and trust assumptions of the system. Payer, payee, and the financial institution have different interests and the trust between two parties should be as little as possible. In electronic commerce, the payment happens over an open network, such as the Internet, and the issue of fairness must be carefully addressed. There is no fairness for involved parties in the existing popular payment protocols. One target of this article is to address the fairness issue in the credit card payment process. In the existing credit card protocols, the financial institution that provides the credit card service plays the role of online authority and is actively involved in a payment. To avoid the involvement of financial institutions in normal transactions and to reduce running costs, some credit card-based schemes with offline financial authority have been proposed.12 Another target of this article is to avoid the online financial institution for credit card service in normal transactions.


"A Week-End Retreat...Sliding rollers and tracks of industrial type are used and expressed on all moving screens-both vertical and horizontal."


The most recent change in detergent powder technology has been the move from conventional to concentrated (compact) laundry powder detergent. This article reviews the types of laundry detergent in existence today, their consumption, typical composition and the process to manufacture concentrated laundry powder detergent.


Although many land-use patterns have been established to restore vegetation and eliminate poverty in the karst area in southwest China, the ecosystem services (ESs) of these patterns are still not fully understood. To compare the differences in seven typical monoculture patterns and three agroforestry patterns, their ESs and tradeoffs were analyzed within the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Framework. Compared with the local traditional corn pattern, the marigold pattern improved provisioning, regulating, and cultural services by >100%. The pomegranate pattern provided far more provisioning services than the other patterns. The apple + soybean intercropping pattern reduced regulating services, and eventually, its Total ESs (TES) and ecosystem multifunctionality index (EMF) also decreased. Cultural services will be enhanced by the introduction of fruit trees, as well as intercropping. Orange + peach had the greatest negative tradeoffs between provisioning and regulating services (P-R), provisioning and supporting services (P-S), and provisioning and cultural services (P-C), which indicates that the provisioning services urgently require improvement. Peach + pumpkin intercropping decreased the negative tradeoffs of P-R, P-S, and P-C (all > 10%), while pomegranate + grass intercropping increased the negative tradeoffs of R-S and R-C (all > 100%). Our results suggest that all six of these patterns are worthy of promotion but the pomegranate pattern should be given priority. Among the three intercropping patterns studied herein, the apple + soybean pattern should be redesigned to improve performance.


Transfer learning, especially unsupervised domain adaptation, is a crucial technology for sample-efficient learning. Recently, deep adversarial domain adaptation methods perform remarkably well in various tasks, which introduce a domain classifier to promote domain-invariant representation. However, previous methods either constrain the representative ability with an identical feature extractor for both domains or ignore the relationship between domains with separate extractors. In this paper, we propose a novel adversarial domain adaptation method named Adversarial Transform Network (ATN) to both enhance the representative ability and transfer general information between domains. Residual connections are used to share features in the bottom layers, which deliver transferrable features to boost generalization performance. Moreover, a regularizer is proposed to alleviate a vanishing gradient problem, thus stabilizing the optimization procedure. Extensive experiments are conducted to show that the proposed ATN is comparable with the methods of the state-of-the-art and effectively deals with the vanishing gradient problem.


In successfully conquering nature with engineering and technology, humanity has unwittingly become responsible for the whole biosphere. Unfortunately, we have yet to give adequate study to the philosophical, governmental and strategic consequences of this awesome new burden. This paper, which is based on the author's widely acclaimed presentation at the ICE earlier this year, concludes that engineering and technology finally have a moral purpose—to save the planet.


A slant immersion was introduced in [2] as an isometric immersion of a Riemannian manifold into an almost Hermitian manifold ( ˜ M;g;J) with constant Wirtinger angle. From J-action point of view, the most natural surfaces in an almost Hermitian manifold are slant surfaces. Flat slant surfaces in complex space forms have been studied in [3, 4]. In this article, we study slant surfaces in complex space forms with arbitrary Gauss curvature. In particular, we prove that, for any i 2 (0; o ], there exist inÞnitely many i-slant surfaces in complex projective plane and in complex hyperbolic plane with prescribed Gaussian curvature.


In unconventional tough gas reservoirs (e.g. tight sandstones or shales) the presence of fractures, either naturally formed or hydraulically induced, is almost always a prerequisite for hydrocarbon productivity to be economically viable. One of the formations classified so far as a potential interesting formation for shale gas exploration in the Netherlands is the Lower Jurassic Posidonia Shale Formation (PSF). However data of the Posidonia Shale Formation is scarce so far and samples are hard to come by, especially on the variability and heterogeneity of the petrophysical parameters of this shale little is known. Therefore research and sample collection is conducted on a time and depositional analogue of the PSF: the Whitby Mudstone Formation (WMF) in the United Kingdom. A large number of samples along a ∼7m stratigraphic section of the Whitby Mudstone Formation have been collected and analysed. Standard petrophysical properties such as porosity and matrix densities are quantified for a number of samples throughout the section, as well as mineral composition analysis based on XRD/XRF and SEM analyses. Seismic velocity measurements are also conducted at multiple heights in the section and in multiple directions to elaborate on anisotropy of the material. Attenuation anisotropy is incorporated as well as Thomsen's parameters combined with elastic parameters, e.g. Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio, to quantify the elastic anisotropy. Furthermore rock mechanical experiments are conducted to determine the elastic constants, rock strength, fracture characteristics, brittleness index, fraccability and rock mechanical anisotropy across the stratigraphic section of the Whitby mudstone formation.


The proposition that mutual loyalty facilities cooperation required for contract performance is a truism, almost a cliché. Jurists have extensively debated the role of honesty, collaboration, and reciprocity for supporting decent contractual relations. Surprisingly, contract law scholars haven't developed a detailed account of interpersonal trust yet in a one-shot contract that is outside the frame of relational transactions, or the common understanding of fiduciary relations. Therefore, This Article is devoted to exploring the fundamental perceptions of moral, economic, and behavioral interpersonal trust as a basis for establishing a new framework on the role of faith in contract law and theory. While theoreticians acknowledge the significance of interpersonal trust as a core component of any contract theory, they fail to develop a comprehensive understanding of such concept and how it is integrated into a descriptive approach of contract law. I show that consolidating the studies of interpersonal trust in the fundamental assumptions of promissory, efficiency, and fairness theories may fill this void and resolve some difficulties regarding their analytical force of different contract doctrines. The integrative analysis of interpersonal trust role in contract theories exemplify the different views on pluralism conception in contract law and provide a better justification for various transactions between a variety of contractors' types in different legal systems.


PEM fuel cell assembly, so as to minimize the risk of a battery of contamination with antifreeze, with internal coolant manifold (25) which is isolated from the cell stack assembly by isolation gap (28) includes a cooling plate (10) . Internal coolant manifold is formed by a seal assembly (24), each of the seal assembly (24) is so provided with a gap (28) which is used as an air turn manifold, and the fuel cell of the planar shape (17) extending outwardly in projections of each of the cooling plate (16) is disposed between the inlet opening (14) or outlet opening (15). Flange having a through-hole (41) (40) receives the tie rod to assist in the assembly of the cooling plate of the fuel cell stack.


There are few occasions when a serving head of a government commits to tackle the underlying determinants of health. So the excitement was palpable when national Prime Minister Gordon Brown entered the room at the London Conference held in November to discuss outcomes of the study of the Commission on the Social Determinants of Health (CSDH)—'Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health' (http://www.who.int/social_determinants/en/).

Then he spoke. 'To advance the cause of health for all, and to end these inequalities, these injustices, within a generation … that is the task we have set ourselves, and we must not bend in our resolve to see it through. We must take urgent and coordinated action, globally, nationally and locally ….'

The UK health minister followed this by announcing that Prof. Sir Michael Marmot, the CSDH Chair, will lead a national review during 2009, in time for whole of government budget and policy reviews. It is hoped other countries will follow suit.

But do we need this in Europe? Are we not well advanced? Is not this mainly aimed at sub-Saharan Africa, as the report cover photograph itself suggests, where need is greatest in terms of morbidity and mortality, let alone the ethical deficits of wealth, quality of life and gender inequities exposed in the report?

Yes, fundamental change in the developing world is at the core of the report. Most recommendations, if implemented, would have greatest impact in parts of the globe most in need, as they should. But almost all apply in some degree to the European context, whether countries still in or emerging from transitional periods, or amongst the still diverse communities of a continent with major inequities.

Its main thrust is that 'social justice is a matter of life and …


This study was designed to investigate quality characteristics of alcohol fermentation from 5 barldy cultivars teated with non-steam and steam. In alcohol fermentation treated with non-steam, alcohol concentration reached to 1.7% for naked berley, 2.9% for naked waxy barley and 4.3% for Hinchalssalbori. However, no fermentation was occurred with baney and waxy barley. When the barley cultivars were steamed, alcohol concentrations showed to be higher than those not steamed. In sugar concentration from non-steam, both barley and waxy barley showed to have approximately and naked barley, naked waxy barley and Hinchalssalbori showed to have approximately . When the burley cultivars were steamed, sugar concentration was decreased as alcohol concentration was increased Interestingly, sugar concentrations in barley cultivars were fast dropped more than 50% following alcohol fermentation except naked barley k alcohol fermentation treated with non-steam, total acidity of Hinchalssalbori was 0.51%, but the others showed more than 0.80%. So except for Hinchalssalbori, it was possible that acidification occurred during the fermentation. In total acidity from steam, all samples showed less than 0.3%. In flee sugar from non-steam, total free sugar contents of barley and waxy barley were approximately 4,000.0mg% and contents of naked barley naked waxy barley and Hinchalssalbori were each approximately 300.0 mg%. Free sugar from steam was increased as sugar concentration increased. In conclusion, barley cultivars were evaluated to be not suitable at alcohol fermentation treated with non-steam.


In music traditions around the world, melodic ornamentation is used by performers as an expressive resource to embellish and add individual interpretation to a melody. In flamenco singing, cante flamenco, it is precisely the ornamentation which defines the flamenco aesthetics and without it the cante would not be flamenco. Each flamenco style is characterized by a distinct prototypical melody (melodic skeleton), which can be subject to a great range of ornamentation and variation (Mora et al. (2016)). Despite the commonly referenced presence of ornamentation in flamenco music, only few systematic approaches have studied this phenomenon. To this day, there does not exist any established taxonomy of ornaments and the structural importance of melisma remains unexplored. Gómez et al. (2011) proposed a computational approach to recognition and characterization of flamenco ornamentation. A set of pre-defined ornament types, mainly borrowed or adapted from classical music theory, is extracted from a corpus using a the Smith-Waterman algorithm (Smith & Waterman (1981)). Other approaches to recognition and characterization of ornamentation have been proposed in the context of popular ornamentation, see for example Puiggròs et al. (2006); Perez et al. (2008); Giraldo & Ramı́rez (2016). In this work we propose a new computational strategy to detect and characterize ornamentation in flamenco singing.


With the rapid technological advances, has created a tool to produce products specifically for the manufacturing of plastic material called injection molding machine (injection molding). This machine uses several components that are assembled such an extent that can be used to perform operations manufacture products especially products Epson LQ 800 Printer casing. On the process of Epson LQ 800 printer casing was also not spared from defective products even when using advanced injection machine. Product defects are usually called by molding defects. In making the casing Epson LQ 800 printer, there are several stages in the injection machine called a cycle. At this injection in one cycle, there are several stages starting from Mold Close, Injection, Matering & Cooling, Noozle LCC, Mold Open.


An influence of quantum effects on the equation of states and phase transitions in compressed matter is of primary interest in the physics of giant planets and in astrophysics. To gain some insight into the problem we carried out precision Raman studies of diamond isotopes $^{12}\text{C}, ^{13}\text{C}$, and their mixture $^{12.5}\text{C}$ in the pressure range up to 73 GPa using helium as a hydrostatic pressure-transmitting medium. The ratio of Raman frequencies of $^{12}\text{C}$ and $^{13}\text{C}$ diamonds, which differs from the classical value (1.0408), was found to slightly, but nonmonotonically, change up to 60 GPa. One can propose that the quantum effects in diamonds initially are enhanced on compression to \ensuremath{\sim}30 GPa and then decrease up to the maximum experimentally measured pressure. This behavior probably unveils hidden features of covalent interaction in crystals. Examination of the isotopically mixed $^{12.5}\text{C}$ diamond shows that the effective mass determining the Raman frequency varies under compression from 12.38 a.u. at ambient pressure to 12.33 a.u. at pressure of 73 GPa.


After a history of CAAD in the Netherlands, the author describes the CAVE-like facility that is being set up to support collaborative design. The first prototype, Protospace 1.1 has been tested. Protospace is a project of the Hyperbody Research Group, directed by Prof. Kas Oosterhuis. The state of the art of parametric design and some helpful tools to speed-up the design process are discussed. 3D multiplayer game software Virtools is used to develop synchronic and a-synchronic, local and inter-local collaboration. 1 A HISTORY OF CAAD IN THE NETHERLANDS The use of CAD systems in regular architect offices started in the 1980's in the Netherlands. Most systems were not adapted to the Dutch situation. About 200 of the bigger offices therefore united in the VCA, the association of computer using architects founded in 1984, and the author was director from 1989-1995. Different CAD-groups (AutoCAD, CADVANCE, Arkey/Arcos) met at each other's offices to exchange information and to develop libraries of typical Dutch elements like isolated double brick walls and details of connections to e.g. windowand doorframes. In the beginning these CAD systems were 2D and only used for the production of drawings. When the most important user issues were arranged, the CAD-groups were taken over by the software developers/resellers. VCA started a new overall CAD group called FANFARE, with a project to improve the exchange of data between different CAD systems and -more importantthe interchange of CAD operators. It was very hard to find skilled personal for a particular system. They didn't get a budget for it, beside some money from the Ministry of Economy to write an inventory report. Around 1990 a user group was formed for budget, estimations and specifications, the VCA-BBB group. The CAD systems developed in the meanwhile quantities output, but it was not in the way the cost experts could use it. E.g. they would need the circumference of casing of edges of the floor, but the CAD operators didn't draw a line with that label. And this was only one of many wishes. A big project was Parametric Design in Protospace 1.1 256 needed with a considerable budget. The only way to get the budget was to participate in the national research project, obliging this rather practical VCA-BBB group to look into ISO/STEP and processand product diagrams like IDEF and NIAM. Also the project had to broaden to installation engineers who were leading in the field of data-exchange and requested usable input from architects CAD drawings. The project, with an original budget of Euro 1 Million (guilders at that time), was a success. The prototype developed in cooperation with the University of Eindhoven was demonstrated, tested and approved by the VCA-BBB group, but then the software developers, who were in the comment group, decided not to implement the specifications in their software. The reasons they gave were that it was too much focused on the interest of architects and not enough on that of building contractors. But probably the real reason was that they didn't want to invest. The software developers/resellers, united in the association FORUM, developed a CAD exchange format with the same name. It wasn't a success because some parties refused to accept it. Recently some members of this group started a project called The Digital House, representing 70% of Dutch architectural offices (40% AutoCAD and 30% Arkey). This group is planning to develop de facto standards for the exchange of data between different partners in the building industry: architects, construction advisors, installation advisors, clients, council and building contractors. But it will not be an open standard; members only. The board of VCA decided in 1995 to integrate with the general foundation of architects BNA. The reason they gave was that offices now paid double contributions, but maybe they also thought that this kind of developments are not in favour of architects. They have to do more work and invest in systems while the other partners in the design can take profit of the improved data exchange. This would explain why since then the developments in this field have been very little. We can learn from this that, while buildings become more and more complex, dataexchange is not soon without problems. We expect buildings to become more and more interactive, thus complicating the design even more. It is a well-known fact that most influence on the feasibility of a building lies in the beginning of the design. To cope with this growing complexity and to improve design we propose real-time collaborative design in a virtual reality environment. We call the project Protospace.


Iowa landowners and farmers increasingly are seeing the value of single species cover crops. In theory, cover crop mixtures have the same advantages as diverse species ecosystems like prairies. The most important advantage would be greater and more stable total plant growth. Mixing species with complimentary features can take advantage of multiple niches and environmental conditions in space, weather, time, and seasons.


ABSTRACT: Music is one of the culture elements which change and improve fast in the context of popular culture. Influenced by this culture, there are many musical innovations in Indonesia. Many music communities are made up of various formats, style, and genre, either tradition or W estern. One of the W estern music format and music communities developed in this country is orchestra , a group of musicians playing instrument in harmony. In the beginning, however, orchestra was developed in Europe on the 17 th century. Along with the changes and the passing time, the music played by the orchestra had started to change. An d o rchestra may be not a new thing to Indonesia. There are evidences which show that orchestra has long been well-known. Indonesian orchestra is growing rapidly by the presence of the Twilite Orchestra as an Indonesian Pops Orchestra. This article explains the research result of Twilite Orchestra as one of Indonesian Pops orchestra. Main idea of this research is to uncover and describes the Twilite Orchestra characteristic s , function s , and role s of Twilite Orchestra within the popular culture in Indonesia. This research used qualitative method with ethnographical approaches to identify all facts discovered during research. The conclusions of this research show that Twilite Orchestra move s in two ways, which are the idealism of a vision to create a real Indonesian orchestra and to be a part of music industry. At the end , these two way s are connected to each other in their making . Music industry becomes a supporting factor which create s the idealism of Twilite Orchestra to be an Indonesian Pops Orchestra. KEY WORDS : Music, Twilite orchestra, popular culture, music industry, idealism of a vision, and characteristic s , function s and role s of Twilite Orchestra.  About the Author: Ranti Rachmawanti is a Doctoral Student at the Cultural Studies Program, Faculty of Humanities UNPAD (Padjadjaran University), Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km.15, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia. The author can be contacted via her e-mails at: email@example.com and email@example.com How to cite this article? Rachmawanti, Ranti. (2015). "Twilite Orchestra: An Indonesian Pops Orchestra" in TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies , Vol.6(2) April, pp.169-176. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UNHAS Makassar, ISSN 2085-0980. Chronicle of the article: Accepted (November 24, 2014); Revised (February 2, 2015); and Published (April 28, 2015).


In the article are presented the new possibilities of perfection of security technique at manufacture and improving quality of first medical and reanimation care. The necessity of training not only technical security but and social one, as the important factor of life and health preservation of working population has been proved.


The severe erosion problems in the Coast of Muttukadu (Kovalam) threaten both the population and properties. Most of the locations in the East coast of India, are especially vulnerable. A coastal defense method using groin system was introduced in order to reverse the present erosional trend. In the present study, shoreline changes in the presence of groins using measurements and Satellite Images. The cause behind the work is a prevention of removal of sandbar operation due to considerable erosion and siltation problems which causes the sediment deposition near and inside the backwater entrance which in turn in causes the tidal instability. The scope of this study helps in understanding the dynamics of the beach based on results of the field work, utilizing the field sediment data. The comparison of field investigation and satellite image was performed by Dumpy Level and GPS measurements.


In the talk synchronization of a network of identical systems is considered. The particular focus is to seek sufficient conditions on the individual system dynamics and the coupling structure that guarantees synchronous motion of the network. First we review some of our results in case no time delays in the couplings appear. Afterwards, it is investigated how to model possible time delay in the coupling structure, and under what conditions synchronization in the network is ascertained. This talk is based on joint work with Sasha Pogromsky and Toshiki Oguchi.


It is extremely challenging to achieve optimal performance of parallel applications on a NUMA architecture, which necessitates the assistance of profiling tools. However, existing NUMA-profiling tools share some similar shortcomings, such as portability, effectiveness, and helpfulness issues. This paper proposes a novel profiling tool–NumaPerf–that overcomes these issues. NumaPerf aims to identify potential performance issues for any NUMA architecture, instead of only on the current hardware. To achieve this, NumaPerf focuses on memory sharing patterns between threads, instead of real remote accesses. NumaPerf further detects potential thread migrations and load imbalance issues that could significantly affect the performance but are omitted by existing profilers. NumaPerf also identifies cache coherence issues separately that may require different fix strategies. Based on our extensive evaluation, NumaPerf can identify more performance issues than any existing tool, while fixing them leads to significant performance speedup.


Abstract Drops of iron, levitated and heated to about 1750° C, were oxidized in helium which contained up to 1.46% O2 at flow rates up to 0.13 litre · sec−1 Measured quantities were rates of oxidation and vapourization and the degree of oxidation of the fume. It was concluded that the formation of both FeO and Fe3O4 contributed to enhanced vapourization. A modified fonn of Turkdogan's expression describes the effect of partial pressure of oxygen on enhancement. Resume Des gouttelettes de fer, levitees et chauffees a environ 1750°C, ont ete oxydees sous helium contenant jusqu'a 1.46% O2 a un debit atteignant 0.13 litre·sec−1. Les valeurs mesurees etaientles taux d'oxydation et de vaporisation et le degre d'oxydation des vapeurs. Il a ete conclu que la formation de FeO et de Fe3O4 accelerait la vaporisation. Une forme modifiee de la relation de Turkdogan decrit l'effet de la pression partielle d'oxygene sur cette accelera tion.


An unprecedented catalyst-free formylation of amines using CO2 and hydrosilanes was developed. The solvent plays a vital role in promoting the interaction of amines with hydrosilanes and subsequent CO2 insertion, thus facilitating the simultaneous activation of N-H and Si-H bonds. Based on relevant mechanistic studies, a plausible mechanism involving a silyl carbamate intermediate is proposed.


This study interprets the communicative situation of the visit as a symbolic practice where affects, goods and services are exchanged. For this purpose, we analyze the visit from qualitative point of view. The visit is a temporary conjunction ritual, which is preceded by the movement of the visitor towards the space of the visited. The visit is a text which is limited by the initial salutation and the farewell, representing the symbolic umbrages of the same. It is a renewal of the continuity of affection, or of the membership in the laic or religious community.


The thesis describes the theory research about the dispersion of microstrip with dual-layers dielectric. Building a new kind of analysis theory, giving equivalent structure concept. The formula of the effective dielectric constant of microstrip with dual - layers dielectric is gotten. The calculation results are satisfied with experiment one.


Resistance spot welding machine is mainly used in the manufacture of the automobile. Its work can not get away from the controller. The core parts of the controller are the single-chip computer system. Its software made it work well. The controller dominates the opening and shutting time, welding pulse period, spot welding electric current, and the intelligence control of spot welding constant current. In addition, the controller has the function of monitoring and alarming. Controlling the conduct angle of the silicon symmetric switch controls the output of the electric current for spot welding. This paper introduces the function and the software constitution of the new type of resistance spot welding controller.


Background: Large multispecialty physician group practices, with a central role for primary care practitioners, have been shown to achieve high-quality, low-cost care for patients with chronic disease. We assessed the extent to which informal multispecialty physician networks in Ontario could be identified by using health administrative data to exploit natural linkages among patients, physicians, and hospitals based on existing patient flow. Methods: We linked each Ontario resident to his or her usual provider of primary care over the period from fiscal year 2008/2009 to fiscal year 2010/2011. We linked each specialist to the hospital where he or she performed the most inpatient services. We linked each primary care physician to the hospital where most of his or her ambulatory patients were admitted for non-maternal medical care. Each resident was then linked to the same hospital as his or her usual provider of primary care. We computed "loyalty" as the proportion of care to network residents provided by physicians and hospitals within their network. Smaller clusters were aggregated to create networks based on a minimum population size, distance, and loyalty. Networks were not constrained geographically. Results: We identified 78 multispecialty physician networks, comprising 12 410 primary care physicians, 14 687 specialists, and 175 acute care hospitals serving a total of 12 917 178 people. Median network size was 134 723 residents, 125 primary care physicians, and 143 specialists. Virtually all eligible residents were linked to a usual provider of primary care and to a network. Most specialists (93.5%) and primary care physicians (98.2%) were linked to a hospital. Median network physician loyalty was 68.4% for all physician visits and 81.1% for primary care visits. Median non-maternal admission loyalty was 67.4%. Urban networks had lower loyalties and were less selfcontained but had more health care resources. Interpretation: We demonstrated the feasibility of identifying informal multispecialty physician networks in Ontario on the basis of patterns of health care–seeking behaviour. Networks were reasonably self-contained, in that individual residents received most of their care from providers within their respective networks. Formal constitution of networks could foster accountability for efficient, integrated care through care management tools and quality improvement, the ideas behind "accountable care organizations." Therese A. Stukel, PhD, is a Senior Scientist at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario; an Adjunct Professor at the Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Giesel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire; and a Professor at the Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario. Richard H. Glazier, MD, MPH, FCFP, is a Senior Scientist at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences; a Professor in the Department of Family and Community Medicine and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; a Scientist at the Centre for Research on Inner City Health in the Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital; and a Clinician Scientist and Family Physician in the Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario. Susan E. Schultz, MA, MSc, is an Epidemiologist at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario. Jun Guan, MSc, is a Lead Analyst at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario. Brandon M. Zagorski, MS, is a Data Analyst at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario. Peter Gozdyra, MA, is a Medical Geographer at the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences and the Centre for Research on Inner City Health in the Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario. David A. Henry, MBChB, FRCPE (Edin), is the CEO of the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences and a Professor in the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario. Competing interests: None declared. Funding: Funding was provided by an Emerging Team Grant (ETG92248) in Applied Health Services and Policy Research from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. The funding agency had no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the report for publication. This study was supported by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), which is funded by an annual grant from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care (MOHLTC). The opinions, results and conclusions reported in this paper are those of the authors and are independent from the funding sources. No endorsement by ICES or the Ontario MOHLTC is intended or should be inferred. Correspondence: Dr. Therese A. Stukel, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, G106–2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto ON M4N 3M5; firstname.lastname@example.com


She is a former science teacher in the post 16 sector, and has a PhD in Science and Technology studies. She has also carried out research in Human Computer Interaction (HCI), and has published in both disciplines. She is a member of the CREATE group, and will be working with Dr Stanton Fraser on the DTI/EPSRC Participate project. Dr. Danaë Stanton Fraser is a Senior Lecturer in Psychology at the University of Bath where she leads the CREATE group, a team designing and evaluating novel technologies and studying their effects on collaboration and learning. Dr. Stanton Fraser was principal investigator of the JISC-funded SENSE project exploring children's use of pollution monitoring sensors for understanding environmental impact. She is an investigator on the EPSRC's CityWare programme, evaluating collaborative impacts of mobile technologies on children and adults across heritage environments, and is an investigator of the DTI/EPSRC Participate project, exploring the use of mobile sensors in schools.


Vapor sorption isotherms of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGME) at room temperature and isotherms of N[sub 2] gas at liquid nitrogen temperature were determined for various soils and minerals. The N[sub 2] monolayer capacities [Q[sub m](N[sub 2])] were calculated from the BET equation and used to determine the surface areas. To examine whether EGME is an appropriate adsorbate for determination of surface areas, the apparent EGME monolayer capacities [Q[sub m](EGME)[sub ap]] were also obtained by use of the BET equation. For sand, aluminum oxide, kaolinite, hematite, and synthetic hydrous iron oxide, which are relatively free of organic impurity and expanding/solvating minerals, the Q[sub m] (EGME)[sub ap] values are in good conformity with the corresponding Q[sub m] (N[sub 2]) values and would give surface areas consistent with BET (N[sub 2]) values. For other samples (Woodburn soil, a natural hydrous iron oxide, illite, and montmorillonite), the Q[sub m] (EGME)[sub ap] values overestimate the Q[sub m] (N[sub 2]) values from a moderate to a large extent, depending on the sample. A high-organic-content peat shows a very small BET (N[sub 2]) surface area; the EGME/peat isotherm is linear and does not yield a calculation of the surface area. Large discrepancies between results of themore » two methods for some samples are attributed to the high solubility of polar EGME in soil organic matter and/or to the cation solvation of EGME with solvating clays. The agreement for other samples is illustrative of the consistency of the BET method when different adsorbates are used, so long as they do not exhibit bulk penetration and/or cation solvation. 26 refs., 7 figs., 2 tabs.« less


In this paper, we propose an effective method for the detection of objects, such as vehicles or pedestrians, in static images. Hough Forest based object detection methods have received a lot of attention in recent years, and have achieved the state-of-the-art detection accuracy. In this study, rather than treating each voting element in the leaf equally as most of the previous works have done, we improve the voting scheme by distributing each voting element an additional weight based on the similarity between the patch and the voting element. In this way, the votes to the object of interest can be enhanced and the votes to the background area can be reduced. We demonstrate that our method can achieve the state-of-the-art performance.


A multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) has been applied in conjunction with the numerical electromagnetic code (NEC) to the optimization of wire pre-fractal Koch-like antennas in terms of bandwidth, efficiency, and electrical size. Their performance is compared to that of other nonfractal designs.


T T WAS shown in a recent paper (Banta and Brown, 1929a) that the simple expedient of rearing a moderate number (ten) of parthenogenetic females of Moina macrocopa crowded together in the same bottle of culture medium caused them to produce about 42 per cent male offspring, whereas uncrowded mothers produced only female young. This result was interpreted as due to the accumulation of excretory products of the crowded mothers. In a second paper (Banta and Brown, 1929b) it was shown, in the course of attempts to duplicate the condition brought about by crowding, that the balance of these excretory products, as judged by its effect upon male production, was upset by a wide variety of treatments. In a third paper (Banta and Brown, 1929c) the time during which the sex of the forthcoming young was determined was found to be about 4 hours (at 200 C.) before the parthenogenetic eggs are laid. Since the introduction into semicrowded bottles of certain excretory substances and related products was unsuccessful as a means of inducing male production, our attention was directed toward a more complete study of the relations between the crowded environment and the animals themselves. It was noticed, in the course of the experiments covered in the papers mentioned, that there was some relationship between the time of release of a mother's first brood and the sex of the young in that brood. (Most broods are unisexual.)


The College football players were studied in order to determine what effect core training has on certain physical variables. Twenty-three football players between the ages of 17 and 23 from the Chengalpattu district of Tamil Nadu, India were randomly selected for this study. Each group had fifteen participants. During the eight weeks that Gathering-1 underwent the core training, Gathering-2 acted as a control bunch, undergoing no additional training beyond their regular routine. Muscular strength and abdominal strength were the dependent variables. A sit-up test and a push-up test were used to test abdominal and muscular strength, respectively. The study used random group design pre- and post-tests. Following the training period of eight weeks, the collected data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA. Based on the results of the study on core training, college football players showed improvements in the physical variables.


Lactobacillus plantarum YO175 and OF101 isolates from Nigerian traditional fermented cereal gruel 'ogi', were investigated on the basis of their capability to produce exopolysaccharide (EPS) on sucrose modified deMan Rogosa Sharpe medium (mMRS). Functional groups analysis of the EPSs produced (EPS-YO175 and EPS-OF101) by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy revealed the presence of –OH, C=O and C–H groups. The chemical composition of EPS-YO175 and EPS-OF101 showed the presence of 87.1% and 80.62% carbohydrates and 1.21% and 1.47% protein. For maximum EPS yield, three significant factors were optimized using central composite design and response surface methodology, the predicted maximum EPS produced was 1.38 g/L and 2.19 g/L, while the experimental values were 1.36 g/L and 2.18 g/L for EPS-YO175 and EPS-OF101. The EPS samples showed strong antioxidant activities in-vitro. The scale-up of the production process of the EPS will find its potential application in food industries.


The main objective of this research is to analyze and identify problems from the Balikpapan Polytechnic Cooperative in an effort to improve the welfare of members and to know the prospects of cooperatives in the future. The problem in this research is the accumulation of members' disappointments so that they withdraw from the membership of the cooperative, and the wheels of the organization barely rotate. Using survey methods, with interview, documentation and observation data collection techniques, the type of research conducted is qualitative. Sampling uses a purposive sampling technique. The subject of the research was Balikpapan Polytechnic Cooperative with the object of the management in conducting cooperative management. Data analysis using the Miles and Huberman stages techniques, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions and verification. Conclusions: (1) Problems faced by Balikpapan Polytechnic Cooperative include: Management commitment is not optimal; Financial governance is not done properly and accountably; Not transparent in spending and preparing financial statements; Distrust of members to the management; Inaccurate in planning the beginning of the fiscal year and limited management's knowledge of business risks; Lack of understanding of the SNITTPoliteknik Negeri Balikpapan 2020 ISBN: 978-602-51450-2-5 114 duties and authority of supervisors and administrators; Communication between management and supervisors is very poor, (2) the prospect of cooperatives to grow and develop is very high. The advice given is to immediately hold an Extraordinary Members' Meeting, and the commitment of management regarding the existence of cooperatives and the willingness of the management to implement the principles of cooperative management that are transparent, good and accountable need to be improved..


This article tackles the unconscious representations of body, family group and home. The author will try to establish if body representation intervenes in the idea that man has of the space he inhabits and if yes, how. P. Schilder suggests that the individual's body image tend to be externalised by involving others. Would this allow us to think that body image echoes and interacts with other's body image? Delving into this question leads progressively the author to confirm that body image is shaped by group representation. At the same time, author notices that in the home, each family member tries to define a personal space, or one thought as being such. What role do each person's functions and symbolic place play there? Studying tenderness between each family member allows us to show, through a «?tangible?» example, the articulation between intersubjectivity and their identity description. How the man lives space in a house being linked to these experiences and body representations, the author then suggests the hypothesis of a projection upon the real space through a group representation, the inner space, where he identifies five functions. The case of a family therapy in which the members are severely physically handicapped illustrates these hypotheses.


Abstract A novel, one-pot, multicomponent synthesis of triazolothiadiazine derivatives have been achieved starting from 4-amino-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-dithiol and variously substituted phenacyl bromides. The synthesis involves the simultaneous formation of two C–S and one C = N bond. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectral data. The advantages of this method are good yields, high purity, shorter reaction times and simple purification technique. The synthesized target compounds were screened for their in vitro anticancer activity at concentration 10−5 M against 60 cancer cell lines. Among all the compounds, 1-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-((6-(4-fluorophenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-yl) thio)ethanone (4d), 1-(4-Bromophenyl)-2-((6-(4-bromophenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-yl)thio) ethanone (4f), and 2-((6-(4-Chlorophenyl)-7H-[1,2,4] triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-yl)thio)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethanone (4l) exhibited significant activity in terms of growth percent against renal cancer OU-31 cell line with 47.42%, 46.76%, 48.14%. The compound 2-((6-(4-Chlorophenyl)-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-yl)thio)-1-(4-fluorophenyl) ethanone (4l) also exhibited significant activity on leukemia MOLT-4 cell line with 49.82%. Graphical Abstract


The paper presents a BlockChain based distributed framework to manage Antimalware database efficiently. With increased efficiency in computation and network connectivity, systems are delivering better performances day by day. However, the opportunities of initiating malicious activities through malwares are being increased as well. In this work, we propose a distributed framework of Antimalware database management using customized BlockChain that enhances system security by initiating distributed malware prevention program. Due to distributed in nature, BlockChain can ensure better data management without involving any third party.


This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in artificial intelligence research pertinent to metallurgical and materials science. The frameworks of two broad schools
of AI research, namely, the Expert Systems (ES) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) have been discussed with specific reference to their various notable applications in the area of materials research. Finally, we present NML's own efforts in this area, where a hybrid framework comprising ES and ANN is being developed for future use.


We use the quasi-diabatic (QD) propagation scheme to perform on-the-fly non-adiabatic simulations of the photodynamics of ethylene. The QD scheme enables a seamless interface between accurate diabatic-based quantum dynamics approaches and adiabatic electronic structure calculations, explicitly avoiding any efforts to construct global diabatic states or reformulate the diabatic dynamics approach to the adiabatic representation. Using partial linearized path-integral approach and symmetrical quasi-classical approach as the diabatic dynamics methods, the QD propagation scheme enables direct non-adiabatic simulation with complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) on-the-fly electronic structure calculations. The population dynamics obtained from both approaches are in a close agreement with the quantum wavepacket based method and outperform the widely used trajectory surface hopping approach. Further analysis of the ethylene photo-deactivation pathways demonstrates the correct predictions of competing processes of non-radiative relaxation mechanism through various conical intersections. This work provides the foundation of using accurate diabatic dynamics approaches and on-the-fly adiabatic electronic structure information to perform ab-initio non-adiabatic simulation.


The k-space trajectory can be chosen as spiral-out, spiral-in, or spiral in-out (both), controlled by a user CV. In the later case, two separate sets of images are obtained having a common TE (defined as the center of k-space), and they may be combined after reconstruction as desired. See ref. 5 for discussion of the philosophy of the spiral-in approach, as well as methods of combining the two sets of images.


We present XMM‐Newton observations of the wake‐radio galaxy system 4C 34.16, which shows a cool and dense wake trailing behind the host galaxy of 4C 34.16. A comparison with numerical simulations is enlightening, as they demonstrate that the wake is produced mainly by ram pressure stripping during the galactic motion through the surrounding cluster. The mass of the wake is a substantial fraction of the mass of the X-ray halo of an elliptical galaxy. This observational fact supports a wake formation scenario similar to that recently demonstrated numerically by Acreman et al.: the host galaxy of 4C 34.16 has fallen into its cluster, and is currently crossing its central regions. A substantial fraction of its X-ray halo has been stripped by ram pressure, and remains behind to form the galaxy wake. Ke yw ords: ISM: kinematics and dynamics ‐ galaxies: clusters: general ‐ galaxies: interactions ‐ X-rays: galaxies: clusters ‐ X-rays: ISM.


A laboratory needs at least one technician to maintain the laboratory's activity every day. The technicians should prevent any technical interference in a daily learning activity. The technicians must be placed in a different lab the next day to check the work of the technician previously. This scheduling model has assigned 4 technicians into 3 laboratories in a month. We proposed a mathematical model for multi-objective optimization of laboratory technicians scheduling since it has many objective functions such as avoid collisions, workload balancing of technicians, and works distribution in the laboratories. We presented a Binary Genetic Algorithm to find the best technicians scheduling that can be used to support daily operations. As a result, we noticed that Binary GA could effectively be used in daily operational since the computing time was relatively short in finding the best laboratory technicians scheduling. From ten times of testing, the best solution needs 285.406s to calculate with the minimum function value is 2.


Objective To retrospective analyze the treatment of hallux valgus with the procedure of osteotomy of the base of the first metatarsal, combining with osteotomy of the base of the second and/or third metatarsal(s), and to study the indications and effects of this procedure. Methods 35 eases 56 hallux valgus feet were treated by operative procedure from January 1994 to December 2003. 26 eases 43 feet underwent the operative procedure of osteotomy of the base of the first metatarsal, 9 eases 13 feet with painful callus under the second and/or third metatarsal (s) head underwent osteotomy of the base of the first, second and/or third metatarsal (s). The axial and lateral films of all feet with loading were taken before and after operation. The change of anatomic indexes and AOFAS of the patient postoperatively were recorded and analyzed. Resuits In the group with osteotomy of the base of the first metatarsal, AOFAS score was 47.6±5.8 preoperatively, and 84.3±5.7 postoperatively. In the group with osteotomy of the base of the first, second and/or third metatarsal (s), AOFAS score was 44.7±5.7 preoperatively, and 85.7±4.5 postoperatively. There were significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative rontgenographie index and AOFAS in each group. Conclusion The operative procedure is effective. The operative procedure of osteotomy of the base of the first metatarsal can get good result in moderate and severe hallux valgus patients. Osteotomy of the second and/or third metatarsal (s) were recommended in eases with painful callus under the second and/or third metatarsal (s). Normal forefoot appearance and function can be restored by the procedure to reestablish the transverse arch.

Key words:
Hallux valgus;  Metatarsal bones;  Osteotomy