The detection and analysis of acoustic sources utilizing microphone arrays is a growing field of research. The evolving needs of applications such as noise suppression, voice recognition, sound tracking and acoustic source localization push requirements such as scalability and speed for sophisticated microphone array systems. Microphone arrays are advantageous compared to single microphone usage in that its use the physical spatial information of acoustic wave propagation to provide a more accurate picture of the incoming waves and therefore yield valuable information regard its source. This paper describes a broadband MEMS Array acouStic Imaging system called MASI that includes a highly scalable and network enabled FPGA based signal processing hardware for acquisition, processing and imaging. Design issues such as array sensitivity, accuracy and geometry of the array will be discussed as well as the system real-time capabilities regarding signal processing and data acquisition. Spatial localization and tracking are the main target applications for this system.


A continuous‐wave (CW) and passively Q‐switched (PQS) Yb,Ho:LuVO4 laser pumped by a 978.6‐nm laser diode (LD) is demonstrated. The maximum output power of 131 mW at 2059.78 nm in CW regime is achieved with a pump power of 3.01 W, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 10.74%. Under PQS mode operation, an average output power of 45 mW and a shortest pulse width of 100 ns were acquired by a semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors, and for all we know, this is the first report about the PQS Yb,Ho:LuVO4 laser. In addition, a maximum energy per pulse of 12.6 nJ with a pulse repetition frequency of 7.692 MHz was obtained, corresponding to a peak power of 58.5 mW. The beam quality factor was measured to be M x 2 $\,{{\boldsymbol{M}}}_{{\boldsymbol{x}}}^{{\boldsymbol{2}}}$  = 1.10 and M y 2 ${{\boldsymbol{M}}}_{{\boldsymbol{y}}}^{{\boldsymbol{2}}}$  = 1.10 from the PQS Yb,Ho:LuVO4 laser.


Soil nitrogen cycling is an important part of biogeochemical cycling.Not only does it influence soil productivity and durative development,but also influences global environmental changes.Terrestrial microorganisms play a vital role in soil nitrogen cycling.They participate in important ecological processes such as nitrogen fixation,ammonification,nitrification and denitrification.With the development of molecular biological technology in recent decades,it is possible to study microbial functional community composition,structure and abundance in relation to soil nitrogen cycling from the point of functional gene.In this paper,advances in functional gene diversity in relation to soil nitrogen cycling are reviewed and future areas ofimprovement identified.


− The identification of irrigated cropland is essential for crop monitoring, yield estimation and water management assessment in drylands. The standard approach is to use supervised classification on multispectral bands, vegetation indices or the Principal Components or, more recently, the combination of optical images with radar data. More complex methods, such as time-series analysis, sub-pixel calculation method and decision-tree based supervised classification have been proposed to differentiate the irrigated areas and identify the irrigation system. As an alternative approach to identify irrigated land, this paper introduces a simple and easily implemented algorithm, based on the logical operation and thresholding of a combination of thermal temperature (Ts) and vegetation indices (e.g. NDVI). This approach is illustrated through a case study in northern Syria using Landsat TM images. The results show a good consistence with the field observations (99%).


Currently, for producers of mineral fertilizers one of the main tasks is the process of creating a supply chain of mineral fertilizers delivery to agricultural consumers, running on a «Just-in-time» way. The effective operation of such a supply chain has to be influenced by many factors, including: the technology of agricultural production, seasonality of agricultural work, the structure of the distribution channel of mineral fertilizers, the geographical features of consumers, the availability of appropriate infrastructure, etc. Critical elements of the infrastructure are warehouses and equipment for storage of mineral fertilizers, as well as the road network. For example, farms in the Rostov region were analyzed for the infrastructure necessary for the successful supply of mineral fertilizer agricultural consumers. It was found that the capacity of warehouses and facilities for the storage of mineral fertilizers and distribution of cultivated areas between agricultural enterprises of different size are diametrically opposed. The process of delivery of mineral fertilizers need to be developed taking into account the shortage or complete lack of storage capacity for their storage, especially for small enterprises. The existing road network, with paved allows us to deliver of mineral fertilizers virtually all consumers by road transport. This dictates the feasibility of delivery of mineral fertilizers to consumers by road transport in soft containers (Big Bags), allowing the storage in the open air


Based on the comprehensive literature search and the sample library surveys, some observations are made on the impact of online information technologies for reference services. Various issues specifically with OPAC, CD-ROM, remote database access, and internet environment are overviewed as the source of and trigger for change in reference librarianship and in terms of expectations as well as difficulties. The paper then focuses on how these technologies influence on the roles of reference librarians as intermediaries in information providing, instructing, consulting, and evaluating functions. This leads to rethinking the conceptual basis of today's reference service and the competencies for reference librarians with new functions and responsibilities.


Although a number of different processes are used to prepare factor VIII concentrates from human plasma the recovery of coagulant activity is almost always very low.

A number of loss mechanisms can be identified and these tend to be associated with large-scale manufacture, where pools of hundreds or thousands of litres of plasma are processed. Many of the procedures which result in loss are common to virtually all of the different manufacturing processes and considerable improvement in yield is possible, particularly if attention is given to careful process engineering design.

For the preparation of an intermediate-purity concentrate the most important points are considered to be:

•
Provision of a good quality plasma feedstock.

•
Rapid processing, with no delays from initiation of plasma thawing to freezing of the final concentrate.

•
Continuous thawing of plasma to allow rapid thawing with precise control of temperature.

•
Effective centrifugation for cryoprecipitate collection.

•
The use of low shear agitators and careful control of pH adjustment.

•
In-process control of ionised calcium concentration.

Further processing to prepare concentrates of increased purity also results in significant loss of factor VIII and new higher yielding methods are needed if high quality products are required.


PAN Jin-lian in Jin Ping Mei and WANG Xi-feng in A Dream of Red Mansions are "the strong women" in "the weak group" in the feudal society.Relying on their beauty、wisdom、adroitness and tact , they all attempt to have self-resistance and rself-pursuit until their final ruin in their respective living environment.There is a evident locus of self-struggle and self-striving in their life,but the male-ruling society with feudal ethics can not accept their independence. So they fail to Liberate from the tragic women.


Food allergy is an adverse immune response to foods. The prevalence of food allergy vary by age, diet, and many other factors. Based on the immunological mechanism, food allergies may be classified in a IgE-mediated diseases, which are the best-characterized food allergy reactions, non-IgE-medicated diseases, and mixed type diseases. In children, the GI tract seems to be the most common target organ. Generally, IgE-mediated reactions have an acute onset, whereas non-IgE-mediated reactions have a late onset. The most food allergy with GI manifestation involve non-IgE-mediated reactions. The evaluation of a child with suspected food allergy includes medical history, physical examination, screening test and the response to elimination diet and to oral food challenge. The diagnosis of non-IgE-mediated food allergies using a screening test is difficult. In this review, investigate the diagnostic criteria and manifestations of several non-IgE-mediated allergic diseases and the diagnostic method in the field of a pediatric gastroenterology. [Korean J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2010; 13(Suppl 1): S32∼S43]


The objectives of this investigation were to (a) establish the validity of a new wheelchair ergometer (WCE) called the Wheelchair Aerobic Fitness Trainer for measuring the aerobic exercise capacity of persons with spinal cord injuries and other lower limb disabilities; (b) compare the peak metabolic responses of lower limb disabled subjects during arm crank ergometry (ACE) and WCE. Lower limb disabled subjects (n=5 1) completed three test protocols, one intermittent and one continuous on the WCE, and one continuous on the ACE. Based upon the strength of relationship (p<O.OOl) between test results on the criterion ACE and experimental WCE it was concluded that the new WCE and test protocol provide a valid measurement of the aerobic fitness of persons with lower limb disabilities.


Using the Laplace transform and the Beltrami-Moses fields we present a method for analysing the propagation of electromagnetic waves with arbitrary time dependence in a medium with constant permittivity and permeability. The initial value problem for the TE, TM and TEM solutions of Maxwell's equations is discussed for different point sources in order to obtain the solutions for arbitrary initial data by the Green function method.


In the traditional theory of corporate finance, risk is due primarily to the uncertainty of cash flows associated with revenues and operating expenses. The interest rate risk of debt, however, has received relatively little attention. As a practical matter, a bond issue may carry sinking fund provisions and a call option, and such features cause future interest and principal payments to be uncertain. A call option provides the issuer with debt repurchase flexibility; its primary value derives from the potential of interest rates to decline. A sufficiently deep decline will more than offset the cost in the form of an incremental yield that the issuer pays the holder for the option. This paper considers what happens to an issue during periods of rising interest rates. In the absence of a sinking fund, normally the issue will be retired at par at the nominal maturity date and its realized cost will be the same as the originally scheduled cost. The existence of a sinking fund, though, gives rise to considerable complications, two of which will be described here. First, if the sinking funds can be repurchased below par, the realized cost of the issue will be less th n its scheduled cost. Second, a direct cost comparison between a sinking fund issue and an issue without a sinking fund is difficult because of their d fferent maturity structures. Sinking funds for private placements must be retired at par on a pro rata basis, so the cost of a private placement is known at the time of issue. However, an increase of interest rates creates an opportunity for the issuer of publicly held debt to reduce the cost by repurchasing the sinking fund below par in the open market.* The exact savings depends not only


: Introduction: Magnesium deficiency is a common disorder, but easily ignored as compared to other electrolyte abnormalities. Other studies are showing varied prevalence and increased association with morbidity and mortality. Aims & Objectives: The aim of our study is to find out the prevalence of hypomagnesemia among the critically ill medical patients and to correlate the serum magnesium levels with the mortality and morbidity outcome considering the length of ICU stay, duration of ventilatory support, APACHE 2 score, SOFA score, primary medical conditions in critically ill patients in medical ICU. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted in Medical intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital. After the approval from Institutional ethical committee patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit with age more than 12 years and admitted for more than 2 days were included in the study after obtaining written informed consent. Laboratory tests and radiological investigations were done. APACHE 2(acute physiology and chronic health evaluation) score, SOFA score, total ICU stay, hospital stay, need of mechanical ventilation, duration of ventilatory assistance and associated medical conditions like diabetes, sepsis and electrolyte abnormalities were followed up to assess the relation with mortality and morbidity. Results: Among total of 170 critically ill medical patients were included in the study, prevalence of hypomagnesemia was 56.8 %. The morbidity was higher in hypomagnesaemic patients (48.5% vs 23.4%), longer ICU stay (6.96 ± 3.85 vs 5.12 ± 1.31) and need of mechanical ventilation was also more (68.9% vs 40.4 % p value < 0.003). Sepsis and maximum SOFA score indicate being the predominant underlying factor for hypomagnesemia. Even though association was there between mortality and hypomagnesemia, mortality has not correlated significantly [beta - 0.041, t -0.473, 95 % CI -0.219 and 0.138]. Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia is more prevalent among the critically ill medical patients. Hypomagnesemia was also associated with increased mortality, longer ICU stay, higher APACHE 2 score, SOFA score, frequent ventilatory support and significant electrolyte abnormalities also.


There is plenty to report to you since our last newsletter. Many of us met at our inaugural Annual Scienti!c Meeting (ASM) in Chicago in October. "is meeting was a great success with an interesting and varied scienti!c program with invited lectures complemented by a high standard of poster presentations and excellent organisational backup. Feedback has been very positive from attendees, our sponsors and the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) itself. This success is encour-


Thirty-two 10-Gb/s channels spaced by 100 GHz are transmitted over 500 km of dispersive fiber (D>+19 ps/nm/spl middot/km) with 125-km amplifier spacing. This is made possible by the use of 3 in-line dual-stage flat-gain erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) incorporating dispersion-compensating fiber. The transmission performance is significantly improved when a 9-km section of dispersion compensating fiber is added at the receiver end, for the longer-wavelength half of the multiplex.


The aim of this study is to investigate formality and contextuality in weblogs. It investigates the main formality and contextuality features principally focusing on the F-score proposed by Heylighen and Dewale (1999). The primary material comes from the online blog directory Technorati and from Blogeries.com. The method was a corpus analysis using the concordance software Wordsmith in order to carry out a linguistic analysis of the data. The main findings confirm previous findings that blogs are mainly separated into thematic and Personal blogs. In addition, the more focused the author on imparting information, the higher the F-score and consequently the lower the contextuality of the text. Authors who focused on their personal lives produced more contextual texts with lower F-scores. The study suggests that whilst the F-score is a good indicator of formality, it should not be considered an absolute indication of formality in the traditional sense, rather it should be seen as an indication of a text's contextuality and be used as a basis from which further investigation can be developed.


The utility model relates to a luminous automobile mark and a luminous subassembly thereof; a luminous subassembly with the same shape is combined on the back side of an automobile mark body; the luminous subassembly is formed by the following steps: a light guide seat with the same shape as the automobile mark body is made of transparent light guide material, a holding groove is arranged on the inner side according to the shape thereof for holding a circuit board combined with a plurality of LED luminous bodies on one side relative to the holding groove, conical light dispersing grooves for expanding reflection and improving luminous effect are concavely arranged on the outer side relative to the LED luminous bodies, and a front cover covering group corresponding to the shape of the light guide seat is matched, thus forming the hermetically waterproof-wrapped luminous subassembly structure that is combined between the luminous automobile mark and the bodywork; when the LED luminous bodies shine by penetrating the light guide seat, luminous visual effect for highlighting the light halo of the shape of the automobile mark is formed on the periphery of the bottom side or the hollow frame side edge of the mark so as to improve textural quality and night identification function; the luminous automobile mark and the luminous subassembly thereof can avoid the problems that the light is too bright to cause the mark to be unclear and is easy to cause the coming vehicle to wrongly judge the light, thus having multi-progress of better travelling safety.


It is shown that the pure topological term of the N=2 super‐Wess–Zumino–Novikov–Witten (SWZNW) model, valued in the area‐preserving diffeomorphisms group of a two‐dimensional Euclidean surface, is self‐dual supergravity (SDSG) in 3+1 dimensions. This is achieved by a suitable slicing and pasting procedure of the (2,0); (0,2) N=2 SWZNW models determined by the embedding of the (2,0); (0,2) superspace supercovariant derivatives into the (3+1) superspace ones. Preliminary steps are provided to show that the N=1 SWZNW model, valued in the area‐preserving superdiffeomorphism group of a super Riemann surface (SRS) whose signature is (1+1), is self‐dual supergravity in (2+2) dimensions: the so‐called Atiyah–Ward space–times.


The present invention relates to an upright running robot using air resistance. The upright running robot using air resistance according to the present invention comprises: a body part; leg parts connected to the body part to be rotated and applying driving force to move the body part; and a resistance applying part for applying air resistance to the body part to prevent the body part from being inclined forward from the leg parts by the dead load when the body part moves. Thus, the present invention provides the upright running robot using air resistance capable of uprightly running by controlling the air resistance caused in running.


In this paper,we study the stability of the Milstein method for the stochastic delay differential equations by using a test equation,i.e.,the linear stochastic delay differential equations.The sufficient condition of the mean-square stability is obtained.The obtained result shows that the Milstein method preserves the stability property of the solution of the test equation.In order to illustrate our conclusion,some numerical experiments are given.


In the information society, what is clearly changing is the role and image of bank branches in order to satsify in a more efficient way customers' needs. This paper develops an integrated approach to assist the bank's management in reconfiguring a branch network according to the dictates of the market. We are seeking the optimum number of branches and the optimum mix of services that each branch should offer in order to maximize the revenue–generating measures of the branches within a community. The problem is modeled using a linear program that accounts for community performance as a function of performance variables that are explained by a set of external and internal factors, which reflect community characteristics and modular branch banking parameters, respectively. The relationships between factor and performance variables are identified using regression analysis. An iterative algorithm allows convergence to a solution that provides the best configuration of branches after all possible branch mergers and modular branch adjustments are accomplished.


In this paper, we model the aggregate interference power in directional beamforming mobile networks. The work considers the random waypoint model to describe the mobility of the nodes and adopts directional beamforming for communication. The major contribution of this paper is the statistical characterization of the aggregate interference caused by directional beamforming transmissions of mobile interferers to a given node positioned at a reference point. The analysis assumes Rayleigh and Rician small-scale fading channels, a distance-based path-loss large-scale fading model, and a three gain levels sectored antenna model. The quality of the proposed approximations has been confirmed through various simulations for different mobility scenarios, channel conditions, and beamforming parameters, highlighting the effect of directional communications along with mobility on aggregate interference. To demonstrate the practical application of the work, we use two different estimators for the interference characterization. The results confirm the effectiveness of the estimators even when adopting a small set of samples.


The Blue Hill Shale Member of the Carlile Shale is a Middle Turonian (ca. 90 Ma) nearshore deposit formed during the regressive phase of the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway of North America. Over 900 identifiable specimens of fossil vertebrates were recovered from a locality in northeastern Nebraska that include at least 40 taxa, comprising a minimum of 23 chondrichthyan fishes, 16 osteichthyan fishes, and one aquatic squamate reptile. The fauna includes taxa such as Meristodonoides, Cantioscyllium, Scapanorhynchus, Cretodus, Protoplatyrhina, Pseudohypolophus, and Ptychotrygon, that are commonly represented in Middle Turonian nearshore deposits of North America. The vertebrate fauna described here is composed of nearly 50% non-durophagous and 50% durophagous fishes by number of taxa. Among the nondurophagous fishes are a large carnivorous Cretodus crassidens and medium-sized scavengers Squalicorax spp., but others are primarily piscivores.


Abstract : Polyphenylene-5-triazinyl ethers were synthesized from 2,4,6-trichloro-1, 3,5-triazine (cyanuric chloride) and bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)methane. Properties of the synthesized polymers were studied. A scheme for the formation of the cross-linked polymers is proposed. Data on TGA are given. (Author)


We present a detailed investigation of the low-amplitude contact binary HI Dra based on the new VRcIc CCD photometric light curves (LCs) combined with published radial velocity (RV) curves. Our completely covered LCs were analyzed using PHOEBE and revealed that HI Dra is an overcontact binary with low fill-out factor f = 24 ± 4(%) and temperature difference between the components of 330 K. Two spotted models are proposed to explain the LC asymmetry, between which the A subtype of W UMa type eclipsing systems, with a cool spot on the less massive and cooler component, proves to be more plausible on evolutionary grounds. The results and stability of the solutions were explored by heuristic scan and parameter perturbation to provide a consistent and reliable set of parameters and their errors. Our photometric modeling and RV curve solution give the following absolute parameters of the hot and cool components, respectively: Mh = 1.72 ± 0.08 M ⊙ ?> and Mc = 0.43 ± 0.02 M ⊙ ?> , Rh = 1.98 ± 0.03 R ⊙ ?> and Rc = 1.08 ± 0.02 R ⊙ ?> , and Lh = 9.6 ± 0.1 L ⊙ ?> and Lc = 2.4 ± 0.1 L ⊙ ?> . Based on these results the initial masses of the progenitors (1.11 ± 0.03 M ⊙ ?> and 2.25 ± 0.07 M ⊙ ?> , respectively) and a rough estimate of the age of the system of 2.4 Gyr are discussed.


Long-term low-frequency noise (LFN) (?500Hz, infrasound included) exposure is known to cause extracellular matrix proliferation with fibrosis, in the absence of inflammatory signs. The aim of this work was to study the morphological alterations to the periodontium of Wistar rats exposed to LFN. 10 rats were exposed to LFN for 2184 consecutive hours and another 10 were kept in silence. The mandibles were removed, kept in 10% buffered formalin, sectioned sagitally, stained with haematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson's trichromic solution (TCM) and observed with light microscopy (LM). The results revealed a disappearance of the cementum, irregular erosion of surface alveolar bone, and signs of bone necrosis, with detached bone particles. The periodontal ligament was disorganized and had deficient anchorage of the fibers. These findings may be due to a direct effect of noise and vibration impinging on the structures, to stress, to vascular alterations or to a combination of these factors. They may also explain the alterations in alveolar bone, reported by other authors.


A shared signaling channel can be used in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) communication system to provide signaling, acknowledgement, and power control messages to access terminals within the system. The shared signaling channel may comprise reserved logical resources that can be assigned to subcarriers, OFDM symbols, or combinations thereof.


The present invention provides a method of testing a serial bus, which comprises from contracting, collect data, calculate parameters, template into, determination results and test report generation achieving five measured signal quality of the I2C bus, the contract terms, by large pressure fluctuations and interference with the outside power bus, the bus to a poor work environment, on the other hand, similar in concept to using the eye diagram, increase the amount of test sample waveform, according to the specification prepared using standard rapid eye mask determination test results, in conjunction with the operation program of the oscilloscope, automated testing, improve test efficiency while providing a highly reliable test result determination.


Many students whose majors are not English have difficulty in learning English,which is a universal phenomenon.It is a problem that needs to be solved.Teachers should not only analyze the causes of the students who have difficulty in learning English,but propose measures to inspire their motivation to learn English and improve the teaching methods.


Dear Editor, The most common type of mutation in patients with severe haemophilia A (HA) is inversions involving intron 22 of F8. These inversions (Inv22) are detected in 45% of severe haemophilia A (HA) patients, whereas large deletions and duplications are detected in only 6% of patients.1 Complex rearrangements involving both inversions and deletions/duplications have been reported in several studies but are rare, as is mosaicism for Inv22.1 The inversions have been detected by Southern blot analysis,2 long-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis3 and inverse-shiftingPCRanalysis.4 Thedesign and performance of these assays have been described in detail.5 RNAbased methods have also been used.6–8 Recently, milepost analysis based on droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was described for the detection of Inv22mutations.9 ddPCR partitions template DNA and PCR reagents into thousands of small droplets by producing water-in-oil emulsions. Limiting dilution of the target molecules in relation to the number of droplets enables the number of positive and negative droplets for each fluorophore to be counted. A Poisson algorithm is then used to estimate the true number of target molecules from the fraction of negative droplets.10 By designing duplex PCR assays labelled with different fluorophores, it is possible to investigate the presence of two target sequences simultaneously. If the two sequences are not linked, the targets will distribute randomly into droplets which can be expected to contain none, one or the other, or both target sequences. However, if the two target sequences are in proximity on the same chromosome, they would distribute together in a non-random manner with a higher number of double-positive droplets. Thismilepost strategy can be used to study the existence of macro-structural rearrangements, such as inversions.11 Mosaicism is a condition in which cells within the same person have more than one genotype because of mutations acquired during cell development. Mosaic mutations are difficult to quantitate using long-range or inverse-shifting PCR as the frequency of the mutation can be very low.12 Accurate genetic classification of a mother of a haemophilia patient, as either wild type (WT), heterozygous carrier or mosaic is important for carrier diagnosis and the decision to perform prenatal diagnosis in possible future pregnancies. In principle, the existence of Inv22 patients who are mosaics may have an impact on both the bleeding phenotype and the risk of developing inhibitors. Several reports have investigated the existence of mosaicism for Inv22 in carriers of HA but found only one mosaic.13–15 In contrast, a study of HA in China detected mosaic mothers for Inv22 in three out of 10 families.16 In the present study, carrier and non-carrier mothers were analysed with respect to Inv22 inversions and other rearrangements using our recently published milepost assays.9 The purpose was to investigate these mothers for the presence of complex rearrangements and mosaicism. The screening used archival DNA samples from the Malmö Hemophilia Centre that had been isolated using standard DNA isolation methods. The inversion mutations of the patients and their mothers had been determined using either long-range or inverse-shifting PCR.5 A total of 40 mothers (31 carrier and nine non-carrier) of patients with Inv22 and nine patients of the non-carrier mothers were analysed. In addition, 120 healthy females were used as controls. The procedures followed were approved by The Regional Ethical Review Board in Lund and the Swedish Data Inspection Board and were in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Droplet digital PCR and milepost analysis used a QX100 ddPCR system from Bio-Rad and fluorescent hydrolysis probe systems to detect target sequences. FAMand VIC dual-labelled probe systemswere designed forWT and Inv22 type 1 and 2 chromosomes.9 Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis and long-rangePCRanalysiswereused for further characterizationof thedetected rearrangements andaredescribed indetail in the Supplemental information. DNA samples from a total of 31 carrier mothers and nine noncarrier mothers to Inv22 HA patients together with 120 healthy control femaleswere analysedusing theWT22 and Inv22assays. TheWT22 assay detecting the presence of aWTX-chromosome indicated linkage in carrier and non-carrier mothers and all healthy controls, whereas the Inv22 assay (detecting an Inv22 chromosome) indicated linkage in all carriers and non-linkage in all non-carriers and all healthy controls (Supplemental Figure S1). The carrier and non-carrier mothers were evaluated further for the presence of unequal representation of WT and Inv22 chromosomes. The proportion of WT22 linked targets relative to the total number of linked targets is presented as ranked data for each group of mothers (carriers type 1 and 2 and non-carriers, Figure 1A). One of the carrier mothers showed a clear deviation from the expected proportion of WT22-linked target molecules (arrow). Both the mother and her son were further analysed using MLPA. This analysis showed a duplication of exons 23 to 26 (Figure 1B) in addition to the Inv22 inversion. Thus, themother carrieda complex rearrangement and since this rearrangementwas also present in her son this indicated


(Device-MA) and the other AM (Device-AM), examined for their sensitivity and specificity. The detection limits of Device-MA and Device-AM were 1 .ƒÊg/ml and 2 ƒÊg/ml, respectively. Seven compounds related to amphetamine such as methamphetamine, ephedrine, norephedrin, pseudo-ephedrine, methylephedrine, methoxyphenamine and p-hydroxymethamphetamine were found not to cross-react with Device-AM when tested at concentrations up to at least 200 ƒÊg/ml. But secondary amines such as methoxyphenamine, p-hydroxymethamphetamine, ephedrine and pseudo-ephedrine were found to crossreact with Device-MA at 0.5, 20, 20, 200 ƒÊg/ml, respectively. The results obtained for 175 urine samples by the proposed method using the two devices were compared with those by the conventional method (Syva Emit, TLC and GC/MS). Percent agreements between the two methods for urine samples, which are positive for both MA and AM and negative for both MA and AM were 100%. Total percent agreement was 95%.


Typical DSC thermograms of starch phase transition in the low moisture content range (15-40%) showed two thermal transition peaks. This suggests the existence of two different cooking mechanisms. We call them gelatinization and melting. "Gelatinization" describes thermal transition of starch with water and "melting" without water. Kinetics of the formation of gelatinized starch (GEL) and melted starch (MELT) were studied. Conversions caused by gelatinization and melting were separately analyzed by using information from DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) isothermal studies. The rate of formation of gelatinized fraction followed first order kinetics and that of melted fraction zeroth order. The overall reaction rate followed zeroth order because melting is the dominant mechanism of the two under limited water contents of extrusion cooking conditions.


We discuss the status of the next-to-next-to-leading order calculation in scattering processes, describing briefly the challenges that have been overcome and what challenges are still to be resolved.


The present invention is a pre-processing system for secure transmission of the public key of the client to the KDC (Key Distribution Center). The spare system user ID (identification) one or uniquely identifiable by the client more parameters including; Preliminary registration server to the client; And spare key associated with the user ID - a spare key is being forwarded to the standby server - including a key distribution center to generate the spare server generates the configuration parameters to initialize the client, a spare key is a configuration parameter It is included in; Initialized on the client and provides the public key certification process by the preliminary key for forwarding to the key distribution center.


Appending carbazolyl groups to a hexaphenylsilole core yielded thermally and morphologically stable carbazolylsiloles; the silole carrying two carbazolyl peripheral groups showed photovoltaic activity.


This paper describes the multiple work integrated learning (WIL) schemes available to IT students at La Trobe University, Bendigo Campus. Having a number of different options for students to choose from maximizes the number of students who can have the opportunity for IT industry experience while completing an IT degree. This approach is important since IT employers are currently more likely to employ work-ready graduates. The advantages of the programs to the various stakeholders – university, IT academic staff, industry partners (IP) and students (regardless of whether they participate in a WIL program or not) – are outlined. To differentiate work integrated learning from work experience there is an emphasis on reflective practice throughout the IT work-integrated learning subjects. Some examples of students' reflective writing are provided to illustrate this focus. Suggestions for successful WIL programs are discussed along with issues that have arisen and how they were managed.


Region of interest based coders and also those coders that extensively use the Intra coding mode tend to produce flickering artefacts due to the inherent quality fluctuations they produce in the non-salient or homogeneously textured intra coded regions of a scene respectively. These non-salient areas are in turn incident on the para, peri and extra-peri foveal retinal regions that are especially sensitive to temporal artefacts. To study the perceptual effects of such a quality based flicker in the retinal periphery, in this experiment gaze data was collected from 48 observers in a free viewing scenario using a regulated flicker stimulus. The video stimulus in the mentioned peripheral regions were flickered with a predetermined frequency and amplitude by adaptively combining the streams produced using a H.265 video coder, and presenting them in a Gaze Contingent Display(GCD) setup. Utilizing statistical gaze analysis techniques, we observe that, temporal quality flicker in the visual periphery plays a major role in disturbing the natural viewing patterns of an observer. Further, this effect was found to be maximum in the 7.5Hz temporal band thus showing that, encoders that affect temporal quality smoothness must aim to avoid such distraction effects.


Abstract

 P. biglobosa, known as néré or the shea butter tree, is an important multipurpose tree in tropical and subtropical Africa, particularly valued for food uses. It occurs naturally in Africa between 15°N and 0°N in a strip extending from the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean across Mali and Chad, to Cameroon, Sudan and Uganda, as well as in the Central African Republic. The natural phytogeographical distribution of Parkia biglobosa corresponds to the "Sudanian Regional Centre of Endemism" and the "Guineo-Congolia/Sudania Regional Transition Zone" (White, 1983). The species is often found with Vitellaria paradoxa in cultivated parklands near villages with short fallows. In most cases, P. biglobosa has been conserved from land clearing, it is rarely planted. In savanna woodland, P. biglobosa occurs with Pterocarpus erinaceus, Khaya senegalensis, Daniellia oliveri, Afzelia africana, Prosopis africana etc.


In the microseismic field, a complete characterization of events involves determining the positioning and focal mechanism properties, which requires an accurate seismic velocity model. Conversely, the construction of a velocity model with surface seismic data suffers from a lack of full illumination, a deficit which could in principle be mitigated by microseismic event ray paths. The velocity model and event characterization problems are in this sense strongly interconnected, each, if it were solved, supporting the other. Assuming an imperfect velocity model derived from surface seismic data as a starting point, and microseismic events as data, a full waveform inversion (FWI) methodology involving simultaneous updates in both source property model parameters and velocity model parameters can be formulated. The resulting gradient and Hessian quantities can be used to solve the inverse problem for all unknowns, or, equally importantly, to help quantify the cross-talk between velocity and source models, optimize acquisition, and act as a tool for appraisal. In this paper we formulate a basic scalar acoustic version of microseismic full waveform inversion (MFWI), set out the forms for the gradients, present an early-stage numerical analysis of MFWI updates, and comment on some important aspects of cross-talk between velocity model and source properties.


A deficient or retracted columella can be an unsightly deform ity that disrupts the aesthetic harmony of the nose and face . Although it may be a congenital condition, co lumellar deficiency is more often due to trauma or is a sequela of rhinopl asty surgery . Comm on postoperative causes include excessive resection of the caudal septum, nasa l spine, cauda l medial crura, or colume llar soft tissues. Regardless of the cause, correction may require cartilage grafts such as an intercrural strut, caudal septal strut, nasal spine plumping grafts , or an infratip lobul e/co lumella shield graft. Columellar soft tissue deficiency may require a composite aur icular graft. Severe cases of columellar deficiency may necessitate "a full court press" with a combination of several of these maneuvers . . co lumella by pinching between the thumb and forefinger with inferior traction helps to determine if there is adequate soft tissue in this region.


The congeries of scandal-ridden events surrounding the ) Nixon Administration-events beginning with Watergate and ending with presidential resignation-has not only geJ1~ratøù extensive journalistic commentary, best-selling books, and popular movies, but also a significant body of scholarly research. This is as it should b~. The events are unique and important; reaction to them on the part of the mass public, children, elites, or particular subpopulations deserves scholarly attention on the basis of topicality alone. However, the whole


Empty Categories are expressions which are base-generated in the deep structure and have no overt phonetic form in the surface structure. As for computers, it is difficult to make clear where and what the empty categories are. Therefore, revealing the empty categories is essential to the nature language processing (NLP). Chinese does not only have nominal empty categories, but also verbal and prepositional empty categories. This article proves the existence of these two non-nominal empty categories in Chinese, and further points out where and what the empty categories are.


To define the nature of the allegory in Dante's Commedia has always been one of the main objectives of Dante research. What is the immediately detectable difference between the allegory in the Commedia and that of the traditional allegorical-didactic poems? What kind of allegory did Dante have in mind when writing the Commedia? This article is my contribution to a possible solution of this problem. My assumption is that Dante wanted to give the Commedia a complex polysemous structure: a structure that, in a new and original way, unites the two traditional medieval forms of allegory, the poetical and the theological (according to Dante's own terminology in Convivio"allegory of the theologians" and "allegory of the poets"). The article is divided into four parts: first a synthetic presentation of the concept of allegory; an analysis of the most important passages where Dante treats the problem theoretically (this includes especially some passages from Convivio, and the much discussed Epistle XIII); a discussion of some of the most important positions within the Dante research; and finally a possible solution to the problem.


Gait recognition is of increasing interest recently. A gait recognition method using the temporal information of leg angles is proposed, based on the fact that changes of leg angles can reflect main trait of a man's moving. First the pendulum model is referred to for extracting leg parts, and least-square method is used for boundary fitting, to obtain the temporal information of angle about thigh and shin. Then, the acquired temporal information is expanded in Fourier series form, in consideration of walking activity's periodic property. Genetic algorithm is subsequently adopted to search for the harmonic coefficients, which are normalized to produce the gait signature. Finally, NN and ENN classifiers are both applied to do the sorting task. Experimental results on CMU database show that the proposed method has high recognition rates. Furthermore, self-occlusion problem, which may often be encountered in gait recognition, is well handled by this method.


To ensure the structure safety in strong winds and control the wind-induced motion of super-tall buildings, aerodynamic optimization is considered to be the most efficient way, because the aerodynamic optimization is aimed at the source of problems. However, aerodynamic optimization can be at the cost of other design aspects, such as increased construction cost, reduced usable space and/or increased construction difficulties. Therefore, the aerodynamic optimization can only be reached by interdisciplinary collaboration between wind engineers and architects. This paper summarizes the aerodynamic approaches that have been used in building design, and discusses the principles and effectiveness of these approaches. To provide a guideline for building aerodynamic optimizations, this paper proposes an approach of assessing the effects of tapering, twisting and set-back, three common schemes in super-tall building design for wind response reductions with limited wind tunnel tests.


Background: Patients with poor performance status and/or are elderly are frequently considered a compromised group at high risk of chemotherapy-related morbidities and less likely to benefit from treatment. We aimed to evaluate tolerability and efficacy of three single-agent regimens in these patients. Patients and Methods: Patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who had performance status 2/3 and/or were aged 70 and older were randomly assigned to receive gemcitabine, vinorelbine, or docetaxel. Objective response, toxicities, and quality of life were evaluated. Results: One hundred thirty-five patients were registered, of whom one was ineligible. Of the 134 patients, 43 received gemcitabine, 45 vinorelbine, and 46 docetaxel. The response rate was 16%, 20%, 22% for gemcitabine, vinorelbine, and docetaxel, respectively. The main grade 3/4 toxicities were fatigue (18%) and neutropenia (16%). There was improvement in global health scores, cough, and dyspnea for all treatment groups. The improvement in dyspnea was most marked in patients with performance status 3. Conclusion: There was no significant advantage of any of the treatment arms over the rest. There was benefit seen with improvement of quality of life in patients who were able to receive more cycles of chemotherapy.


are more than one billion Muslims in the world and fasting for Ramadan is an obligatory ritual for all adult Muslims. The majority of Muslims observe absolute fasting (no food or water) between dawn and sunset in the holy month of Ramadan. For people with diabetes who take part in such a fast there are potential benefits and possible risks of hypo- and hyperglycaemia. It is therefore important that medical professionals ensure patients and their relatives (if appropriate) have the knowledge and support to undertake fasting safely. This is as important in India, Pakistan and the Sudan, as it is in the UK, The Netherlands and the USA. This article summarises briefly the religious context of Ramadan together with its potential metabolic impact. It then focuses on providing practical guidance on changes in diet, exercise and drug regimen in patients preparing to fast in Ramadan. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Practical Diabetes Int 2005; 22(3): 100-104


The ab initio quasirelativistic Hartree–Fock method developed specifically for the calculation of spectral parameters of heavy atoms and highly charged ions is used to derive spectral data for the 4s24p5, 4s24p44d and 4s4p6 configurations of the multicharged tungsten ion W39+. The relativistic effects are taken into account in the Breit–Pauli approximation for the quasirelativistic Hartree–Fock radial orbitals. The configuration interaction method is applied to include the electron correlation effects. Produced data are compared with existing experimental measurements and theoretical calculations.


CuGaS2 and CuInS2 are typical AIBIIIC2VI members of the chalcopyrite structure family. The lattice constants of tetragonal CuGaS2 are a = 5.34741 ± 0.00007 and c = 10.47429 ± 0.00006 A at 298 °K, and of CuInS2 are a = 5.52279 ± 0.00007 and c = 11.13295 ± 0.00022 A at 298 °K. Both materials have four formulas in a unit cell with space group I 42d. A total of 984 reflections for CuGaS2 and 1413 for CuInS2 were measured with PEXRAD, and the resulting 134 symmetry‐independent CuGaS2 and 310 CuInS2 structure factors, in least‐squares refinement, led to final agreement factors of 0.029 and 0.038, respectively. Both materials are slightly nonstoichiometric. Final x coordinates are 0.2593 ± 0.0004 for CuGaS2 and 0.2295 ± 0.0004 for CuInS2. As was also found with AgGaS, these values are significantly different from those expected for a geometrically regular B atom tetrahedron. The resulting sublattice distortion is predictable from a linear sum of atomic electronegativities, which is also used to predict the x coo...


Surgical site infection is a potential complication of spinal cord stimulator (SCS) implantation. Current understanding of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of these infections is based largely on small clinical studies, many of which are outdated. Evidence‐based guidelines for management of SCS‐related infections thus rely instead on expert opinion, case reports, and case series. In this study, we aim to provide a large scale retrospective study of infection management techniques specifically for SCS implantation.


Syllabification is one of the most complex issues in Albanian phonetics. An extensive treatment of the topic was made by Dodi (2004), who, thanks to a thorough acquaintance with the existing literature on the area, also clearly states the drawbacks of the main theories of the syllable, based on material from the Albanian language. However, despite the huge research carried out and the important results achieved, the positions of linguists on syllabification remain different. One reason for this is that linguistic literature lacks an established definition of the syllable as a linguistic unit. In the present research on syllabification, we support some of the existing rules by bringing new arguments and making some additions in order to make them more convincing, with a view to improving and simplifying their practical application. We focus on syllable boundary when there are two consonants between vowels, based on the Sonority Sequencing Principle, on the Syllable Contact Law, the Dispersion Principle, and the Maximum Onset Principle.


References BARTAK, P. & GREISER-WILKE, I. (2000) Genetic typing of classical swine fever virus isolates from the territory of the Czech Republic. Veterinary Microbiology 77, 59-77 BOOM, R., SOL, C. J. A., SALIMANS, M. M. M., JANSEN, C. L., WERTHEIMVAN DILLEN, P. M. E. & VAN DER NOORDAA, J. (1990) Rapid and simple method for purification of nucleic acids. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 28,495-503 COOPER, D. M., SWANSON, D. L., BARNS, S. M. & GEBHART, C. J. (1997) Comparison of the 16S ribosomal DNA sequences from the intracellular agents of proliferative enteritis in a hamster, deer, and ostrich with the sequence of a porcine isolate of Lawsonia intracellularis. Internationaljournal ofSystematic Bacteriology 47, 635-639 DROLET, R., LAROCHELLE, D. & GEBHART, C. J. (1996) Proliferative enteritis associated with Lawsonia intracellularis (ileal symbiont intracellularis) in white-tailed deer. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 8, 250-253 DUHAMEL, G. E., KLEIN, E., ELDER, R. 0. & GEBHART, C. J. (1998) Subclinical proliferative enteropathy in sentinel rabbits associated with Lawsonia intracellularis. Veterinary Pathology 35, 300-303 JONES, G. F., WARD, G. E., MURTAUGH, M. P., LIN, G. & GEBHART, C. J. (1993) Enhanced detection of intracellular organism of swine proliferative enteritis, ileal symbiont intracellularis, in feces by polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 31, 2611-2615 KLEIN, E. C., GEBHART, C. J. & DUHAMEL, G. E. (1999) Fatal outbreaks of proliferative enteritis caused by Lawsonia intracellularis in young colony-raised rhesus macaques. Journal ofMedical Primatology 28, 11-18 KNITTEL, J. P., JORDAN, D. M., SCHWARTZ, K. J., JANKE, B. H., ROOF, M. B., MCORIST, S. & HARRIS, D. L. (1998) Evaluation of antemortem polymerase chain reaction and serologic methods for detection ofLawsonia intracellularis-exposed pigs. American Journal of Veterinary Science 59, 722-726 MCORIST, S., GEBHART, C. J., BOID, R. & BARNS, S. M. (1995) Characterization of Lawsonia intracellularis gen nov sp nov, the obligately intracellular bacterium of porcine proliferative enteropathy. International Journal ofSystematic Bacteriology 45, 820-825 SMITH, S. H., MCORIST, S. & GREEN, L. E. (1998) Questionnaire survey of proliferative enteropathy on British pig farms. Veterinary Record 142,690-693


With the current situation in society, in which a sedentary lifestyle is part of everyday life, it is necessary to create alternatives to develop and improve the physical qualities of healthy children and adolescents with safe and effective conditioning methods to meet their various needs, goals and capabilities. It is justified by the need to have a clear, precise and defined survey of physical activities that can be applied functionally to children. This prevents physical, mental and social health problems. It aims to identify, from a literature review, which physical activities can be taught to children in functional training. The research is a bibliographical review where 10 articles published between the years 2013 and 2023 were selected. The methodological proposals related to functional training for children must be at the discretion of the teacher in order to adopt the best practice and must encourage them in the search for a healthier lifestyle, combating a sedentary lifestyle and preventing obesity, which is a major cause of physical inactivity in children.


Augmented reality and Virtual reality provide two different types of immersive gaming and learning experience, by integrating the two together we can enhance both the gaming and learning experience separately. Integration is the act of combining small components into a unified system that works as one. In terms of Information Technology, it means adding features of one technology to another. This paper proposes a new hardware which will use existing hardware called a head mounted display (HMD) with a dual camera on the front along with a various array of sensors to integrate Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality. This method of using traditional Hardware will be a more cost effective solution when compared to other Head mounted display currently available. a Virtual Reality is a 3D interactive stimulation of an environment. It requires a wearable display to work. Whereas augmented reality is a superimposed Computer-generated image on a view of actual word. Combining the two together can result is a more immersive augmented reality experience which will help in learning and an enhanced gaming experience


It is well known that China is very rich in plant life, so the project, Flora of China, has attracted the attention of botanists all over the world. This article presents a brief report on the initiation, organization, compilation and publication of the Flora as well as some of the problems encountered in the process of its compilation. We would greatly appreciate suggestions and assistance from our colleagues of different countries in this undertaking. According to the preliminary estimates by the Chinese botanists, China has a diverse flora of approximately 30,000 species of plants including ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms. The Flora of China will be comprised of 80 volumes, but since some volumes will be published in two separate parts, the total number of bound volumes will be 120. Owing to our current conditions and an inadequate number of trained botanists, the completion of such a monumental task is not easy. It should be noted that due to the historical background of China, there are some complicated factors involved in the compilation of the Flora. It is known to all that in the period from 1750 to approximately 1950, when China was in the feudal, semi-feudal and semi-colonial society, there were missionaries, soldiers, adventurers and even professional plant collectors from Western countries who came to China and collected a large quantity of plant specimens which were subsequently housed in their own herbaria. After being studied by the Western botanists, many new taxa of Chinese plants were published in American, British, French, German, Italian, Russian and Japanese journals. Thus the scientific information is widely scattered and more significantly, a large number of type specimens of Chinese plants are preserved in diverse herbaria. Consequently, difficulties have occurred for Chinese botanists in their work on identification and description. While there is currently an extensive effort being expended in the task of producing the Flora of China, we can proceed in the compilation of the project only by reviewing and assessing the work done by earlier foreign scholars. After liberation of this country, under the auspices of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, botanical institutions have been founded in Peking, Nanking, Canton, Keiling, Wuhan, Lushan, Chengtu, Kunming, Wuking, Shenyang, Sining and Urumchi. Research activities of phytotaxonomy, morphology, ecology, physiology, plant introduction and acclimatization, etc., are in progress in these institutions.


By comparing the initial consonants,vowels,and the tonal system as recorded in the two recently unearthed manuscripts of the Six Tone dictionary about North Fujian dialect,tracing the evolution of the phonetic system of Zhenghe dialect in North Fujian for nearly 500 years from the Ming dynasty to the Qing dynasty,it is concluded that the two manuscripts of Six Tone Dictionary(respectively of the Ming and Qing dynasties) share similar phonetic system.


The current issue of Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching includes six papers, the first two of which offer syntheses of existing research and the remaining four are reports of original empirical investigations.


Abstract This article addresses the issue of how the Nigerian Communications Commission, which is responsible for the independent regulation of the Nigerian telecommunications sector, could be made accountable. The need for accountability is relevant given the local context of pervasive corruption and lower expectations of accountability when compared with more mature democracies. The accountability question is analysed in terms of the traditional public accountability mechanisms of executive supervision, legislative oversight and judicial review, highlighting the limits and challenges facing the application of each traditional accountability mechanism to the commission. An extended notion of accountability, specifically the adoption of fair procedures in decision making and accountability to the public at large, are presented as feasibly complementary to traditional accountability mechanisms. Finally the article proposes an amendment to the pre-action conditions to judicial review to facilitate greater accountability.


The purpose of the study is: 1) development and unification of a system of training loads monitoring by the nature of the physiological impact on the basketball players' body; 2) study of the strategy of preparing a highly qualified basketball team for important international competitions, namely: to find out the nature of the distribution of means of different physiological, as well as technical-tactical and game orientation at different stages of preparation; 3) test basketball players before and after training.
Materials and methods. A team of highly qualified basketball players (masters of sports and masters of sports of international class) in the number of 15 people participated in the research. The assessment of physical load by the nature of the physiological impact on the body of basketball players during 18 microcycles using 4 – 1 system, that is, 4 working days and 1 day off, was carried out. Athletes were tested before and after training.
Results. The dynamics of the means of training by the nature of the physiological impact on the athletes' body have been established. The nature of the distribution of means at different stages of preparation has been established. The test results before and after training are shown.
Conclusions. The research results showed that a certain accounting system based on assessments of the nature of the tasks to be solved and the degree of compliance with the specifics of their game activities has developed in basketball. At the same time, research have indicated the need for accounting and analyzing of the training loads by the nature of physiological impact on the body of athletes.


Abstract Various reasons have been suggested for the addition of "two qnome" to the traditional Antiochene christological formula (two natures in one person) of the Church of the East. These reasons can be found in wide-ranging fields that are often intertwined. Primarily, linguistic differences have caused much confusion, since qnoma was a term often used as a Syriac translation of the Greek term hypostasis, some circles almost identifying qnoma with "person," and others aligning the term with "nature." Further reasons derive from Church history, logic, epistemology and politics. Such motives will be discussed in this paper in connection with the challenges Babai encountered. After a short description of various aspects of Babai's Christology and some contemporary sources, it will be argued that another motive has been hitherto neglected: ascetic mysticism. This new perspective focuses on the asceticism of the monks, which was aimed at finding the highest truth and required the purification of the individual soul. Sometimes, the soul was not only associated closely with the human qnoma, but also compared to a mirror that might reflect the light of Christ, just as Christ was considered to be the perfect representation of God. This might have resulted in an intrinsic motive of the monks to recognize an individual human qnoma in Christ, and might therefore have been an additional motive for their spiritual leader Babai to defend the two-qnome doctrine. It probably also worked the other way around: an integration and elaboration of the two-qnome doctrine in ascetic mysticism also was a means to gain more general acceptance of the doctrine.


A 44 μW self-powered power line monitoring sensor node is implemented in 65 nm CMOS. A 450 kHz 30 kbps BPSK-modulated transceiver allows for 1.5-meter node-to-node powerline communication at 10E-6 BER. The node has a 3.354 ENOB 50 kSps SAR ADC for current measurement and a 440 Sps time-to-digital converter capable of measuring temperature from 0-100 °C in 1.12 °C steps. All components operate at a nominal supply voltage of 0.5 V, and are powered by dedicated regulators enabling fine-grained power management.


AbstractThe applied concept of resilience has garnered attention in the public eye and academic scholarship in the past decade. Through a rise in popularity, its meaning has morphed depending upon ...


This paper described analysis and design methods for planar array antennas with slotted waveguides consisting of shunt slots as antenna elements which are cut on the wider surface of a rectangular waveguide. A matrix was shown for the mutual coupling among shunt slots. Also, another matrix was used relating the input and output waves at the array feeder point and the input and output waves between the shunt slots and free space. Through these two matrices the input reflection characteristics and excitation distribution of the array considering the mutual coupling of the total array with the feeder system could easily be obtained. Utilizing the variation of the mutual coupling among the shunt slots when sizes and displacements of the shunt slots from the guide axis were varied to be small, a simple algorithm with fast convergence was presented. Through experimental measurements the validity and effectiveness of the present analysis and design methods were confirmed.


This Article analyzes one of the many issues faced by animal advocates when deciding where to focus their efforts. The Article begins by providing a brief review of the theoretical divisions among animal advocates and discusses the application of two primary approaches to companion and assistance animal issues. The Article continues by setting forth basic information regarding breed-discriminatory legislation focusing on recent developments in this area of the law. The core of the Article analyzes case and legislative law that addresses the intersection of service and assistance animals under the federal Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), Fair Housing Act (FHA), and breed-discriminatory legislation. The Article concludes by providing practical and theoretical considerations for animal advocates who are considering utilizing this avenue to attempt to improve the lives of animals and humans.


On the basis of inovative consciousness, for the training of innovation personnel, we try our best to search for a new experiment teaching way. It is included to set up all kinds of specialized labs, to move the two railroad management style, to carry out the test of multi skills experiment and so on.


Acknowledgements First of all I would like to thank Prof. Herrmann Kaufmann and Dr. Sabine Chabrillat for the opportunity to work on this project and being my supervisors from the very beginning. I am especially grateful to Sabine for keeping work not related to the project off my desk and giving me the freedom to focus on the research. Her guidance in the field, intensive discussions and valuable suggestions improved the quality of this thesis. I am deeply thankful to Dr. Thomas Jarmer for his continuous interest in this work, for sharing his knowledge and intensive discussions about soils, spectroscopy and statistics. His approach to scientific working, encouragement and support have been of great value for the successful completion of the thesis. Prof. Cecilio Oyonarte from the University Almeria is appreciated for funding and performing the soil samples chemical analysis within the Incamar Project, for technical support of the field work, sharing his knowledge of the study site and enabling a five week research stay in Almeria. Acknowledgements are due to Prof. Patrick Hostert for being available as supervisor and giving me the opportunity to submit the thesis at the Humboldt University. Through our discussions and his initiative to meet Thomas the thesis was pushed to a stage where it could be completed. I wish to extend my warmest thanks to all my colleagues from the remote sensing section of the GFZ Potsdam. Dr. Jan Anderssohn and Daniel Spengler are gratefully acknowledged for being great officemates and friends, for all the fruitful discussions and nice chats over a beer. Thanks for an unforgettable PhD time! Sylvia Magnussen is thanked for her assistance with all types of technical problems-at any time, and Dr. Karl Segl for discussions and his little software tools that were faster programmed than I could wish for. ii My warmest thanks go to Andrea Neumann for her help with optical measurements, discussions and invaluable field assistance. The field work would not have been accomplished in time without her help. Thanks also for showing me around in Berlin, long open talks and always being there in the phases of frustration. It will not be forgotten. I am grateful to Dr. Martin Bachmann from the DLR for HyMap data processing and µMESMA calculations, the EU Desurvey-IP Project under leadership of Prof. Juan Puigdefabregas for generous funding of the project and Prof. Eyal Ben-Dor for being available as referee for …


Polypoid endometriosis is a rare variant of endometriosis and may mimic malignancy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of polypoid endometriosis for the differential diagnosis with malignancy.


In the present investigation antifungal activity of essential oil obtained from Zanthoxylum rhetsa was studied against some fungi contaminating stored grains. A total of 83 fungal isolates were obtained from contaminated samples collected from West Guwahati markets, India. The frequently isolated fungal species were Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus and fungi belonging to genera Penicillium and Mucor. Essential oil of Zanthoxylum rhetsa was obtained by hydro-distillation using Clevenger apparatus. Antifungal efficacy of the essential oil against the isolated fungi was carried out by Agar Cup Diffusion assay. The result indicated that all the fungal species showed varying degree of antifungal activity. Amongst the fungi, Aspergillus niger showed high susceptibility toward the oil followed by Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium italicum while least antifungal activity was observed in Aspergillus flavus. The essential oil of Zanthoxylum rhetsa was characterized by GCMS analysis. The result indicated one strong peak and two minor peaks indicating the presence of bioactive metabolites. Since most of the isolated fungal genera produced aflatoxin which causes toxicity to living organisms including humans, the inhibition of these fungi genera by the essential oil of Zanthoxylum rhetsa is promising eco-friendly approach to control such contamination.


Studies towards the total synthesis of the polypropionate macrolide agycone Erythronolide B have been presented. Catalytic asymmetric AAC methodology has been applied to efficiently generate the C10-C13 and the C4-C5 stereocenters in the polypropionate fragments 105 and 209 through â-lactones 76, 80, and 86 respectively. An efficient installation of the C2 and C3-stereocenters in 193 was realized through a Lewis-base catalyzed Mukaiyama aldol reaction. Finally, a highly stereoselective aldol coupling of fragments 105 and 209 was used to join the fragments together.


Purpose: The purposes of this study were to investigate daycare teachers' knowledge, anxiety and management of childhood fever and to identify factors affecting their management of childhood fever. Methods: A descriptive correlation study was conducted. Participants were 109 daycare center teachers from G metropolitan city. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: The mean percent of correct answers for knowledge about childhood fever was 42.9%. Levels of anxiety related to children's fever were high among day care teachers in this study. Many daycare center teachers used management practices which were not recommended for childhood fever management. There was a statistically significant difference in participants' knowledge about childhood fever by marital status and having a child. Moreover, there were statistically significant positive correlation between daycare center teachers' knowledge and management and negative correlation between daycare center teachers' anxiety and management of childhood fever. Knowledge and anxiety related to childhood fever accounted for 15.2% of variance for fever management. Conclusion: Results show that day care teachers' knowledge and anxiety related to fever are important factors in predicting their fever management. Development and evaluation of educational interventions to improve daycare teachers' childhood fever management are recommended.


The synthesis reactions,microstructures and mechanical properties of in situ discontinuously reinforced titanium matrix composites were introduced in detail. Moreover,the future research field for titanium matrix composites is the development of new reinforcement reinforced titanium matrix composites,and the study of the addition law of strengthening effects of hybrid reinforced titanium matrix composites are pointed.


Activities in deep space have prompted researchers to develop new protocols for inter-planetary network. In this paper, we propose a performance enhanced inter-planetary transmission control protocol (IP-TCP) for deep space communication. IP-TCP opens multiple parallel TCP connections to transfer a number of TCP segments simultaneously over a single physical link. We have developed theoretical models to understand the performance of IP-TCP with regard to long RTT, asymmetric bandwidth and high bit error rate comparable to deep space environment. Through simulations we evaluate the proposed protocol considering RTT values typically seen in Mars exploration networks under different conditions of packet error rates. We observe that the IP-TCP outperforms few popular existing protocols which are also extensions of terrestrial TCP.


The aim goal of this paper is to present a new learning algorithm, which has been applied to feedforward neural networks, as well as complexity problems to optimize the topology of type of network. We used this approach not only during the learning phase of the network, but also to optimize the number of hidden neurons. This learning algorithm is inspired on the classical backpropagation algorithm. It owns some variations due to kind of network used. The algorithm developed was applied to a particular network which has AND/OR fuzzy neurons.


ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to examine the contribution of procedural memory to grammar and numeracy skills, which both involve the manipulation of abstract patterns. Seventy-six typically developing children between 5 and 7 years of age were assessed on grammar with a past tense production task and a sentence comprehension task, on numeracy with a counting task and a calculation task, and on procedural memory with a serial reaction time task. Moderate correlations were found between the measures of grammar and numeracy. Moreover, 4 hierarchical linear regressions indicated that procedural memory was associated with calculation but not with counting or grammar skills when age and working memory were taken into account. These novel findings suggest that procedural memory may have a role to play in the development of some numeracy skills. Several possible explanations for the absence of contribution to grammar are considered.


GOING UP IN THE WORLD THE lady with a head for heights is Julie Roberts, a technician with Network Services Telecom Section, Oueensferry. Julie should have no trouble in reaching the top of her profession and she won't have any female competition either. For Julie is the first female in Manweb to become an approved tower rescuer and regularly views the world from her 50 metre high workplace. "She is probably the only female tower rescuer in the industry, let alone Manweb. Said her colleague Peter Simcock: "The lads have worked on hundreds of tower jobs and have yet to meet another female rigger." Does any Contact reader know of another one? THEY RESPOND TO FREDDIE ROUND & ABOUT FEATURE


Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance are leading causes of early brain alterations. Our objective was to investigate the in vivo effects of green tea extract on insulin sensitivity, insulin signaling, and brain oxidative stress using an experimental rodent model of diet‐induced insulin resistance, the fructose‐fed rat. Wistar rats, 10 per group, received a fructose rich diet (FD) or FD plus 1g green tea extract/kg diet. After consuming tea extracts, plasma insulin decreased from 412 ± 100 to 13 ± 28 pmol/L. There were also associated decreases in glucose and triglycerides. Real‐time PCR measurements showed that increases in insulin sensitivity were associated with an up‐regulation of GLUT4, insulin receptor, IRS‐2, glycogen synthetase kinase, p‐110 phosphoinositol kinase (PI3‐K), and protein kinase B in the liver. Addition of green tea extract to the diet resulted in significant decreases in lipid oxidation and DNA oxidative damage in brain tissue while sulfhydryl groups and glutathione remained unchanged. Ferric‐reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) in brain was also enhanced. This study shows that green tea extract protected against brain oxidative damage and suggests possible neuroprotective effects against insulin resistance‐induced, early oxidative brain alterations. (Funded by USDA/ARS and Unilever, France).


Theoretical models are described governing conversion of coherent radiation energy into thermal or mechanical energy during irradiation of a material surface. The physical effects at the surface are heating, ablation, and explosive vaporization, as well as the formation of a plasma. Experiments were conducted using a pulsed CO2 laser at energies of 10 to 30 J. The behavior of various materials (metals and dielectrics) was studied as a function of the power density in a range between 1MW/sq cm and 1 GW/sq cm. The thermodynamic data of the plasma generated was determined from optical measurements of plasma expansion based on a one-dimensional model.


Gravitational collapse in (n+2) dimensional quasi-spherical space-time is studied for a fluid with non vanishing radial pressure. An exact analytic solution is obtained (ignoring the arbitrary integration function) for the equation of state $p_{r}=(\gamma-1)\rho.$ The singularity is studied locally by comparing the time of formation of apparent horizon and the central shell focusing singularity while the global nature of the final fate of collapse is characterized by the existence of radial null geodesic. It is revealed that the end state of collapse for D dimension with equation of state $p=-\rho$, for (D$-$1) dimensional dust and (D$-$2)dimension with equation of state $p=\rho$ are identical.


A model of first price sealed bid auctions is developed where bidders meet repeatedly while independently drawing private valuations in each period.Attention is focused on symmetric collusive bidding equilibria when side-payments are not allowed.


FORTUNATELY THE VAST majority of patients pass through their surgical experience with a normal amount of supervision and treatment. A few, however, either present with problems, or such are feared or develop, which require intensive monitoring of the changes in body physiology with action to be taken on the changes observed. To a large extent intensive care equates with intensive patient monitoring-a concept which becomes important when we consider where the patient should be cared for. Intensive monitoring of surgical patients might be regarded as a by-product of cardiac surgery, where such intensive study of the body's response to surgery was shown to pay off by increased patient survival. In pulmonary surgery also careful assessment of lung function and the use of respirators was shown to be of the greatest benefit. This is less true in general surgery, but even there the benefits in major trauma and major surgery became evident.


In order to deal with the bottleneck problem of the digital-to-analog mixed-signal IC design,the article begins with a brief review of the development of the automatic design of analog-digital hybrid circuit technology,explores the design ideas of the analog-to-digital hybrid integrated circuit and the automatical design flow of the analog integrated circuits,and finally focuses on the optimizational strategy of analog layout on automatical design in analog circuits.


.................................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .......................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES ..........................................................................................................................xii CHAPTER 1: ....................................................................................................................................


Purpose
This paper aims to inform strategies to enhance public procurement opportunities for women-owned small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). To do so, the study examines two research questions: To what extent are women-owned enterprises under-represented among SME suppliers to government; and Do barriers to public procurement – as perceived by SME owners – differ across gender?

Design/methodology/approach
The study draws on the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm and on theories of role congruity and social feminism to develop the study's hypotheses. Empirical analyses rely on comparisons of a sample of 1,021 SMEs that had been suppliers to government and 9,376 employer firms that had not been suppliers to government. Data were collected by Statistics Canada and are nationally representative. Logistic regression analysis was used to control for systemic firm and owner differences.

Findings
Controlling firm and owner attributes, majority women-owned businesses were underrepresented as SME suppliers to government in some, but not all sectors. Women-owned SMEs in Wholesale and Retail and in Other Services were, ceteris paribus, half as likely as to be government suppliers as counterpart SMEs owned by men. Among Goods Producers and for Professional, Scientific and Technical Services SMEs, there were no significant gender differences in the propensity to supply the federal government. "Complexity of the contracting process" and "difficulty finding contract opportunities" were the obstacles to contracting cited most frequently.

Research limitations/implications
The limitations of using secondary analyses of data are well documented and apply here. The findings reflect only the perspectives of "successful bidders" and do not capture SMEs that submitted bids but were not successful. Furthermore, the survey did not include questions about sub-contractor enterprises, data that would likely provide even more insights about SMEs in government supply chains. Accordingly, the study could not address sub-contracting strategies to increase the number of women-owned businesses on government contracts. Statistics Canada's privacy protocols also limited the extent to which the research team could examine sub-groups of small business owners, such as visible minorities and Indigenous/Aboriginal persons. It is also notable that much of the SME literature, as well as this study, define gender as a dichotomous (women/female, men/male) attribute. Comparing women/female and men/males implicitly assumes within group homogeneity. Future research should use a more inclusive definition of gender. Research is also required to inform about the obstacles to government procurement among the population of SMEs that were unsuccessful in their bids.

Practical implications
The study provides benchmarks on, and directions to, enhance the participation of women-owned SMEs or enterprises in public procurement. Strategies to support women-owned small businesses that comply with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals are advanced.

Social implications
The study offers insights to reconcile economic efficiency and social (gender equity) policy goals in the context of public procurement. The "policy-practice divides" in public procurement and women's enterprise policies are discussed.

Originality/value
The study is among the first to use a feminist lens to examine the associations between gender of SME ownership and public procurement, while controlling for other salient owner and firm attributes.


IMPROVEMENTS IN / OR RELATED TO COPPER BASED ALLOY. It IS MANUFACTURED a copper CONSISTENT between 0.01 and 0.05 wt% tellurium and 0, 001 and 0.01% by weight of phosphorus FORMING A hotmelt alloy, casting the MELT SO THAT IT QUICKLY solidifies at a rate of more than 1.5 mm. Per second with high rate of 20GC COOLING OVER BY SECOND, THROUGH entire thickness of the casting. This alloy is suitable for use in the production of a RADIADOR STRIP FOR internal combustion engine.


For novice students coming from graphically oriented operating systems, navigating remote Unix command line shells can be as difficult as learning a new language. In order to reduce this complexity, we developed WIDLE, a Web based Interactive Development and Learning Environment. WIDLE is a RESTful web server that allows remote file system browsing, interaction, and editing through a standard web browser. It also provides an interface to view multimedia files from remote systems and an easy method to transfer files making it useful for advanced users as well as novices. In the following paper, we discuss our development methodology, the design of the project, and the implementation decisions we made. Furthermore, we provide an evaluation of WIDLE by presenting the survey responses from our first group of participants to test an alpha build of the project.


Objective:To investigate the relationship between HLA-DRB alleles and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) in patients living in northern China. Methods: The HLA-DR genes of 40 PBC patients and 67 healthy controls were genotyped by using DNA microarray technique. The subjects in the 2 groups were matchable in their ages and gender ratios. Results: The frequency of HLA-DR7 was 50% in PBC patients, which was significantly higher than that of healthy controls (10.4%) (χ 2 = 20.77, P=0.000,RR=8.57) and those reported in another 2 literatures (23.2%, and 29%, ). The frequency of HLA-DR8 was 22.5% in PBC patients, which was significantly higher than that of healthy controls (7.5%, [χ 2 =4.980,P=0.026,RR=3.60]) and those reported in the other 2 literatures (11.2%, and 10.2%, ). Conclusion: It is suggested that the morbidity of PBC in northern Chinese citizens is associated with HLA-DR7 and DR8. DR7 has not been reported in literatures outside China.


This is a short review of archaeological research on a special north Norwegian type of settlement deposit accumulation, farm mounds, dated mainly to the Medieval and Post‐Medieval periods. The main themes are: 1) evaluation of earlier research confronted with archaeological data recorded during the last 15 years, 2) research in progress is summarized and 3) different research strategies are discussed.


It is possible to manipulate real-size human-oriented dictionaries on a Macintosh by using only very simple tools. Our methodology has been applied in the construction of a French-English-Malay dictionary. This dictionary has been obtained by "crossing" semi-automatically two bilingual dictionaries. To revise the dictionary, as well as to obtain a publishable paper form and an on-line electronic form, we use only Microsoft Word™, a specialized language for writing transcriptors and a small but powerful dictionary tool.


Book Citations: Authors, Title, HemaSphere, 2023;7(S3):pages. The individual abstract DOIs can be found at https://journals.lww.com/hemasphere/pages/default.aspx. Disclaimer: Articles published in the journal HemaSphere exclusively reflect the opinions of the authors. The authors are responsible for all content in their abstracts including accuracy of the facts, statements, citing resources, etc. 2779 rapid onset of adverse events (including VOCs), as has been suggested previously for patients with severe SCD (Nagalapuram V, Am J Hematol; 2022). In the 45 patients (20.8%) who had a VOC after drug interruption or discontinuation, the median (25th to 75th percentile) time to onset of a VOC was 74 (29-138) days. Two patients had a VOC within 1 week of dose interruption or discontinuation; both events were deemed unrelated to voxelotor by investigators. These data align with preclinical findings suggesting that the impact of voxelotor on red cell rheology is acutely sustained after voxelotor dose interruption or discontinuation (Kanne CK et al, Front Physiol; 2021). Analyses are ongoing to further understand the effects of voxelotor dosing patterns on safety and effectiveness. Summary/Conclusion: RETRO is the largest multicenter study to retrospectively collect and analyze real-world data from voxelotortreated patients with SCD. Most patients did not require dose modification or treatment discontinuation. Discontinuation and dose interruption were not found to be related to subsequent onset of VOCs. Data on patterns of voxelotor use in the real-world setting can provide valuable insights into the impacts of prescribing and dosing practices that are different from those on the label. Funding: Pfizer Inc. HemaSphere | 2023;7(S3) EHA2023 Hybrid Congress Copyright Information: (Online) ISSN: 2572-9241 © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the European Hematology Association. This is an open access Abstract Book distributed under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) which allows third parties to download the articles and share them with others as long as they credit the author and the Abstract Book, but they cannot change the content in any way or use them commercially. Abstract Book Citations: Authors, Title, HemaSphere, 2023;7(S3):pages. The individual abstract DOIs can be found at https://journals.lww.com/hemasphere/pages/default.aspx.Book Citations: Authors, Title, HemaSphere, 2023;7(S3):pages. The individual abstract DOIs can be found at https://journals.lww.com/hemasphere/pages/default.aspx. Disclaimer: Articles published in the journal HemaSphere exclusively reflect the opinions of the authors. The authors are responsible for all content in their abstracts including accuracy of the facts, statements, citing resources, etc. 2780


Polycythaemia is dened as an increase in the haemoglobin above normal. This increase may be real or only apparent because of a decrease in
plasma volume (spurious or relative polycythaemia). Often patients with polycythaemia are detected through an incidental nding of elevated
haemoglobin or haematocrit level. Patients with polycythaemia may be asymptomatic or experience symptoms related to the increased red cell
mass or the underlying disease process that leads to the increased red cell mass. The dominant symptoms from an increased red cell mass are related
to hyper viscosity and thrombosis (both venous and arterial), because the blood viscosity increases logarithmically at haematocrits >55%. We are
presenting a case of a patient aged 30 years presenting with fatigue, headaches, dizziness, recurrent multiple joint pain.


composition and output of sheep's saliva. Biochem. J., 43, 99-109. MANN, S. O., MIASSON, F. M., AND OXFORD, A. E. 1954 Facultative anaerobic bacteria from the sheep's rumen. J. Gen. Microbiol., 10, 142-149. MONOD, J. 1950 La technique de culture continue theorie et applications. Ann. inst. Pasteur, 79, 390-410. OXFORD, A. E. AND SUGDEN, B. 1953 A reconsideration of the role of ciliate protozoa in ruminant digestion. British Agr. Bull., 5, 308-311. PURSER, D B. AND MOIR, R. J. 1959 Ruminal flora studies in the sheep. IX. The effect of pH on the ciliate population of the rumen in vivo. Australian J. Agr. Research, 10, 555-564. REID, R. L., HOGAN, J. P., AND BRIGGS, P. K. 1957 The effect of diet on individual volatile fatty acids in the rumen of sheep, with particular reference to the effect of low rumen pH and adaptation on high starch diets. Australian J. Agr. Research, 8, 691-710. STEWART, W. E. 1957 Volatile fatty acid production in the bovine rumen. I. In vitro production from various feeds. II. Rates of production in vivo. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. WARNER, A. C. I. 1956 Criteria for establishing the validity of in vitro studies with rumen micro-organisms in so-called artificial rumen systems. J. Gen. Microbiol., 14, 733-748. WISEMAN, H. G. AND IRVIN, H. M. 1957 Determination of organic acids in silage. J. Agr. Food Chem., 5, 213-215. ZUBRZYCKI, L. AND SPAULDING, E. H. 1957 Application of the continuous flow culture method to studies on the normal human fecal flora. Bacteriol. Proc., 1957, 101. ZUBRZYCKI, L. AND SPAULDING, E. H. 1958 A continuous flow apparatus for the study of mixed cultures. J. Bacteriol., 75, 278-282.


The field of tissue engineering aims at promoting the regeneration of tissues or replacement of failing or malfunctioning tissue by means of combining a scaffold material, adequate cells and bioactive molecules. Different materials have been proposed for use as three-dimensional porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering procedures. Among them, polymers of natural origin are one of the most attractive options mainly due to their similarities with the extracellular matrix (ECM), chemical versatility as well as typically good biological performance. In this study, two biocompatible composite scaffolds were developed from natural polymer by tissue engineering approach and tested in vitro. The first Scaffold (SCAF-1) that was developed was composed of human hair keratin protein and human hair fibers (cuticle-cortex). The second scaffold (SCAF-2) was composed of human hair keratin protein, human hair fibers (cuticle-cortex) and hydroxyapatite (HA) particles. SEM and EDX were used to analyze the three dimensional structure, surface chemistry and pore size of the scaffolds. Both scaffolds showed a three-dimensional structure with a pore size ranging from 40-500μm and porosity greater than 50%. Compressive tests were carried out under dry as well as wet conditions for both scaffolds. SCAF-1 showed compressive modulus of 0.009 MPa in wet condition and 0.90 MPa in a dry condition. Likewise, SCAF-2 had compressive modulus of 0.09


The succes achieved by PT. Telkomunikasi Indonesia Tbk (TELKOM) as one of the national company, is not an easy thing. Business strategy human resources management competency-based, as it positions as an asset of the human resources organiztaion is managed and maintained their competence with a very serious and sustained effort that occurs starting from recruitment & selection, training & development, performance appraisal, compessation & benefits to career developmentnya. In career development is done through a career with the selection method through the following phases.


Objective To investigate the role of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) in the cardiaoprotection of remote ischemic preconditioning.Methods The rat model of cardiac ischemic-reperfusion injury was generated by occluding left anterior descending artery(LAD) for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min.Forty-eight male Wistar rats weighing 240-280 g were divided into three groups randomly:group N,sham-surgery control group;group IR,ischemia-reperfusion group;group rIPC,four cycles of 5 min of both hind limbs ligation before LAD occlusion.The area of infarct size,the serum levels of creatine phosphokinase(CK) and lactose dehydrogenase(LDH) were measured.The protein expressions of both total and phosphorylated STAT3 were determined by Western boltting.Results Compared with group IR,the myocardial infarct size in group rIPC was significantly smaller(P0.05) .The serum levels of CK and LDH significantly increased in group IR compared with group N(P0.01) ,while decreased in group rIPC compared with group IR(P0.01) .The expression of total STAT3 was not different significantly among three groups.Expression of phosphorylated STAT3 was higher in group rIPC than that in group IR(P0.05) ,while lower in group IR than that in group N(P0.05) .Conclusion This results suggest that remote ischemiac preconditioning may be able to protect the heart against reperfusion injury mediated by increasing the phosphorylation of STAT3.


The writer classifies alluvial fans in Formosa according to the eight standards as follows : (1) evolutional process(2) plane figure(3) locality, where fans are established(4) cause of establishment(5) disposition(6) mode of establishment(7) gradient of fan surface(8) age.This classification will benefit studies on evolutional history of geomorphology in certain regions. (Abstracted by a member of the editorial staff.)


Jape is a program which supports the step-by-step interactive development of proofs in formal logics, in the style of proofs-on-paper. It is uncommitted to any particular logic and is customized by a description of a collection of inference rules and the syntax of judgements. It works purely at the surface syntactic level, as a person working on paper might. In that spirit it makes use of explicit visible provisos rather than a conventional encoding of logical properties. Its principal mechanism is unification, employed as a search tool to defer decisions about how to proceed at difficult points in a proof. The design aim is to produce a tool which makes step-by-step proof calculations so straightforward that novices can learn by exploring the use of a pre-encoded logic. Examples of proof development are given in several small logics.


Background The diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients is still challenging today due to the absence of an in vitro culture system and the low diagnostic accuracy of microscopic examinations. Herein, we performed a meta‐analysis to evaluate the accuracy of real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the diagnosis of PCP. Methods We searched Web of Knowledge and Medline from 1990 to May 2010 for studies reporting diagnostic accuracy data regarding the use of real‐time PCR in the diagnosis of PCP in immunocompromised patients. Results Ten individual studies were included. Overall, the sensitivity of real‐time PCR was 97% (95% CI: 93%‐99%); the specificity was 94% (95% CI: 90%‐96%). The area under the HSROC curve (95% CI) for real‐time PCR was 0.99 (0.97‐0.99). In a subgroup analysis regarding studies involving HIV patients among the study population, the sensitivity and specificity were 97% (95% CI: 93%‐99%) and 93% (95% CI: 89%‐96%), respectively. Regarding studies using Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples only: sensitivity =98% (95% CI: 94%‐99%); specificity =93% (95% CI: 89%‐96%), respectively. Regarding studies using microscopy as a reference standard: sensitivity =97% (95% CI: 92%‐99%); specificity =93% (95% CI: 88%‐96%). However, high between‐study statistical heterogeneity was observed in all analyses. Conclusions Real‐time PCR has a good diagnostic accuracy and may provide a useful adjunctive tool for the diagnosis of PCP in immunocompromised patients. Further studies are needed in order to identify any differences in the diagnostic performance of real‐time PCR in HIV and non‐HIV immunocompromised patients.


Objective:To investigate situations of the human cytomeglovirus(HCMV) infection in jaundice infants' urine and in mothers' milk.Methods:The urine HCMV-DNA of 858 infants with jaundice and 316 mothers' milk HCMV-DNA were detected by the fluorescent quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR) method.Results:The positive rates HCMV-DNA in the urine of 858 infants and in 316 breast milk were 29.02% and 59.18% respectively.In those whose mothers' milk were positive,the positive rates of their infants' urine HCMV-DNA was 40.11%,in those whose mothers' milk were negative,the positive rates of their infants' urine was 18.60%.Conclusion:There was a significant correlation between HCMV infection and infant jaundice,the HCMV infection of mothers' milk was one of the main factors of infant jaundice.