The control circuit provides a clock signal to reduce the circuit scale. The amplifying circuit amplifies a clock signal having a plurality of functional circuit elements, and by having the clock signal is turned off a plurality of switching elements constituting the plurality of amplifier circuit elements and a plurality of switching elements connected in series connection in operation amplifier circuit elements, and by selecting the switching element is turned on so that the amplifier circuit elements series-connecting direction becomes opposite directions.


The development of an improved hearing sense in teleosts as expressed in fossil otoliths may have been one important element in the success of their evolution. Hence, fossil otoliths add valuable information to paleoichthyology. Teleost otolith morphology, however, has initially diversified very slowly during the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous and accelerated only during major phases of teleost radiation in Late Cretaceous and Paleogene times.


It has been know for more than a century that spatial coherence of light changes on propagation, a fact quantified by the van Cittert-Zernike theorem. Here we investigate how quantum correlations change on propagation.


Gandhi was a man of activity. His philosophy as a whole should be considered alongside his economic ideas. Gandhi believed that first and foremost, each person's basic needs should be met before he or she could consider participating in politics or other societal activities. Gandhi was agreeable to house, limited scope enterprises and reception of 'Swadesi'. He places a high value on rural development in its entirety. People will gain employment and the village will become self-sufficient as a result. Therefore, it is necessary to return to Gandhian economic ideology. The significance of Gandhi's economic ideas is the primary focus of this paper.


This article examines how the progress of the Irish language revival has been infused with considerations of temporality, particularly as manifested in literature and in the discourse surrounding native tradition. The discussion draws on Gilles Deleuze's reinterpretation of the work of Henri Bergson on time and memory, and of the Nietzschean notion of the 'eternal return.'


In this paper, EGSB reactor was used to treat organic wastewater containing chlorobenzene and a study on affection of chlorobenzene to anaerobic granular sludge was conducted The results showed that chlorobenzene was harmful to the anaerobic bacteria of the granular sludge in EGSB reactor treating glucose synthetic wastewater After adding low concentration chlorobenzene continually for 72 days, the obvious damage on the bacteria located on the surface or in the inner part of some granules could be observed under SEM After stopping adding chlorobenzene and the reactor was recovered to operate for 30 and 50 days, the damage could be observed yet, and furthermore, obvious cavities were observed in the center of some granules Along with the operation, diameter of the granules in the reactor became lager But after contacting chlorobenzene for a long time, some of the granules would be disintegrated, resulted in the quantity of the smaller granules increased and that of the larger granules decreased As the damage of chlorobenzene to the granular sludge, the settling velocity of the large granules was reduced, and even some granules floated in the water because of having cavities inside


he highly conserved facioscapulohumeral musculardystrophy (FSHD) region gene 1 (FRG1) was initiallycloned as candidate gene of unknown function for FSHD.To explore the biological function of the FRG1 protein(FRG1P), we studied its cellular localisation in untransfectedand FRG1 transfected cell lines. In interphase cells, FRG1P islocalised in the dense structures of the nucleolus, in Cajalbodies, and in 60–80% of cells in nuclear speckles. A timecourse study revealed that FRG1P accumulates in nuclearspeckles before its appearance in nucleoli, whereas thelocalisation in Cajal bodies remains unchanged, as doesthe localisation of NHPX protein. In accordance with thepresence of FRG1P in these nuclear structures, transcriptioninhibition experiments showed an effect of RNA polymerasesI and II on the localisation of FRG1P. Finally, by deletion ofthe predicted nuclear localisation signals of FRG1P, wedemonstrated that both signals are necessary for thissubnuclear localisation.FRG1P is an attractive candidate for the pathogenesis ofFSHD because of its high evolutionary conservation; itstranscriptional deregulation in FSHD; and its colocalisationwith proteins that are defective in the neuromusculardisorders oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) andspinal muscular atrophy (SMA).FRG1 (FSHD Region Gene 1, accession number L76159)was isolated as the first candidate gene for the autosomaldominant myopathy, facioscapulohumeral musculardystrophy, in 1996.


The multiplexability of a supertwisted nematic (STN)-LCD was evaluated in terms of crosstalk ratio. The effects of driving waveform, contrast polarity, and reflective versus transmissive modes of these LCDs were well expressed by the crosstalk ratio. These results were compared with those for a conventional TN-LCD. The STN-LCD (operated at the duty ratio of 1/200) gave a crosstalk ratio of about 20% while the TN type gave 60%. This shows a distinct and quantitative superiority of the STN type in multiplexability compared with the TN-LCD.


Growth is crucially controlled by the functional ribosomes available in cells. To meet the enhanced energy demand, cancer cells re‐wire and increase their ribosome biogenesis. The RNA‐binding protein PNO1, a ribosome assembly factor, plays an essential role in ribosome biogenesis. The purpose of this study was to examine whether PNO1 can be used as a biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma and also examine the molecular mechanisms by which PNO1 knockdown by CRISPR/Cas9 inhibited growth and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). The expression of PNO1 was significantly higher in lung adenocarcinoma compared to normal lung tissues. PNO1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma patients increased with stage, nodal metastasis, and smoking. Lung adenocarcinoma tissues from males expressed higher PNO1 than those from females. Furthermore, lung adenocarcinoma tissues with mutant Tp53 expressed higher PNO1 than those with wild‐type Tp53, suggesting the influence of Tp53 status on PNO1 expression. PNO1 knockdown inhibited cell viability, colony formation, and EMT, and induced apoptosis. Since dysregulated signalling through the Notch receptors promotes lung adenocarcinoma, we measured the effects of PNO1 inhibition on the Notch pathway. PNO1 knockdown inhibited Notch signalling by suppressing the expression of Notch receptors, their ligands, and downstream targets. PNO1 knockdown also suppressed CCND1, p21, PTGS‐2, IL‐1α, IL‐8, and CXCL‐8 genes. Overall, our data suggest that PNO1 can be used as a diagnostic biomarker, and also can be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.


This paper considers concept content delivery network (CDN) system. We propose architecture, for select the optimum route and server for a user request, based on the objective functions. The main criterions of the objective function were taken delay time, server load and probability of packet lost. We will describe the main task of the load balancing system.


In this paper, we discuss the relationships between closed maps and closed filters which is closely related with Gabriel topologies. It is proved that the set of all closed filters F(Q) on a coherent left-sided quantale ordered under inclusion is a frame and the set of all compact closed filters Fc(Q) is a subframe of F(Q). It is given that the set of all closed filters on a coherent two-sided commutative quantale ordered under inclusion is a coherent frame.


: Anaerobic digestion (AD) is one of the most widely used bioconversion technologies for renewable energy production from wet biowaste. However, such AD system is so complicated that it is challenging to fully comprehend this process and design the operational conditions for a specific biowaste to achieve CH 4 -rich biogas. In this context, ensemble machine learning (ML) algorithms were employed to develop multi-task models for jointly predicting the CH 4 yield and content in biogas and understanding this complicated process. Based on the best ensemble model with the R 2 of 0.82 and 0.86 for the multi-task prediction of CH 4 yield and content, the top-three critical factors for CH 4 yield/contents were identified and their interactions with process acid generation and microbial community in the AD process were comprehensively interpreted to unveil their importance on CH 4 generation. Moreover, the well-developed ensemble model was integrated with an optimization algorithm to inversely design the AD process for a real-world food waste, in which the CH 4 yield was as high as 468.7 mL/gVS and the calculation results were experimentally validated with relative errors of 9-16%. This work provides a creative approach to gain insights and inverse design for AD reactors, which is helpful to waste-to-energy technologists and practitioners.


Abstract : The ancient Greeks considered philosophy as the mother of sciences engulfing the essence of all human achievements. It is therefore, natural to associate her with elements of universal scientific developments. The intention of this article is to present the current point of view of the situations governing our planet, our societies, our environment, and attempt to foresee their future developments. Entropy, the thermodynamic measure, is an analytic tool that may serve to evaluate phenomena that dominate our lives, and therefore belongs to the realm of philosophy. Since the trends show a universal trend for equalization, like the concepts of codification and globalization, an increase in global entropy is appearing as an obvious result. Is this going to create an "equivalent thermal death" to our planet? Is there a cure to this phenomenon? The recently developed theory of Chaos, introduced by Ilya Prigogine gives us some hopes for a possible redemption of this catastrophe. This will be discussed scientifically in the sequel, by considering the various elements of our present situations.


Optical vortices have drawn extensive research interests due to their widespread applications in various fields. Therefore, it is of great significance to modulate optical vortices to endow them with more properties. Herein, the autofocusing and self-healing properties are introduced to optical vortices via implementing circular cubic phase modulation. The propagation dynamics of the modulated optical vortex is analyzed, and the experimental results match well with the simulations. Moreover, the autodefocusing optical vortices can also be generated, and the flexible switching between the autofocusing state and autodefocusing state can be easily realized by adjusting the helicity of the incident circular polarization. Besides, the topological charges of the two states are also experimentally verified. Our study provides a novel way to modulate optical vortices, which may enrich their applications in optics and photonics.


Shortly after Szemer\'edi's proof that a set of positive upper density contains arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions, Furstenberg gave a new proof of this theorem using ergodic theory. This gave rise to the field of ergodic Ramsey Theory, in which problems motivated by additive combinatorics are proven using ergodic theory. Ergodic Ramsey Theory has since produced combinatorial results, some of which have yet to be obtained by other means, and has also given a deeper understanding of the structure of measure preserving systems. We outline the ergodic theory background needed to understand these results, with an emphasis on recent developments in ergodic theory and the relation to recent developments in additive combinatorics.
These notes are based on four lectures given during the School on Additive Combinatorics at the Centre de Recherches Math\'ematiques, Montreal in April, 2006. The talks were aimed at an audience without background in ergodic theory. No attempt is made to include complete proofs of all statements and often the reader is referred to the original sources. Many of the proofs included are classic, included as an indication of which ingredients play a role in the developments of the past ten years.


As a typical underactuated experimental platform for robotics and control theory, the rotary inverted pendulum (RIP) system is nonlinear, multi-variable, and strongly coupled. We study the swing-up and balance control for the RIP system with system uncertainty. The classical energy-based swing-up control without compensation for the uncertainty and the signal compensation-based balance control are adopted. In the balance control, from the linearized state-space model near the upright equilibrium point (UEP) and the estimated discrete-time model, a signal compensation-based balance control is constructed to eliminate and suppress the system uncertainty. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the controllers.


Superv l sed occupa t i ona l exper ience (SOE) p rog rams have long been t h o u g h t t o b e a n e f f e c t i v e m e t h o d o f d e v e l o p i n g s k i l l s i n v o c a t i o n a l a g r i c u l t u r e s t u d e n t s . B e g i n n i n g w i t h t h e o r i g i n a l f e d e r a l legislation fo r voca t iona l ag r i cu l tu re , t he superv l sed occupa t iona l exper ience p ro gram was recogn ized as a componen t o f t he to ta l voca t i ona l ag r i cu l t u re program. Teachers t yp i ca l l y coo rd ina te SOE p rog rams w i th l oca l agribusinesses and producers, or s tudents acquire ownersh ip o f an agricultural commod i t y t o ga in p rac t i ca l expe r i ence . SOE programs are exce l I en t e x a m p l e s o f t h e p r i n c i p l e o f learning b y d o l n g , w h i c h i s a n e f f e c t i v e m e t h o d o f t e a c h i n g . However , does the p ro fess ion have ev idence to ind i ca te tha t s tuden ts pa r t i c ipa t ing In SOE lea rn more?


Executive Summary The paper examines the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the survival of business start- ups. FDI has potential for both negative displacement/competition effects as well as positive knowledge spillover and linkage effects on new ventures. We find a net positive effect for the whole dataset. However, a major contribution of the paper is to outline and test an argument that this effect is likely to be comprised of a net negative effect in dynamic industries (high churn: firm entry plus exit relative to the stock of firms) alongside a net positive effect in static (low churn) industries. We find evidence to support this view. The results identify new effects of globalisation on enterprise development with associated challenges for industrial policy. The paper forms part of a wider research project of the Bettany Centre investigating how the performance of new ventures differ in static compared to dynamic markets. Static markets tend to be less innovative with little new firm entry alongside limited exit. Dominant incumbent firms often occupy these markets. By contrast, dynamic markets are more usually associated with turbulence where new firms introduce innovation and compete among themselves as they seek to establish a dominant position. Our joint research with Nottingham Business School so far indicates that the factors affecting new ventures differs significantly between these two types of markets; particularly in terms of the threat faced by competition from large firms and as a consequence the best type of strategies that new ventures should adopt. The current paper highlights that FDI cannot be generalised into either a good or bad thing for new ventures as it depends on whether the market is dynamic or static. Entrepreneurs should regard FDI as an opportunity in a static market and threat in a dynamic market and adjust their strategy appropriately. The paper has also ramifications for government policy which across the globe has tended to promote FDI. Our research results indicate that this is likely to have contrasting effects in terms of short-medium term impact on the local enterprise base - diminishing it in dynamic markets and boosting it in static markets. Further research is planned and needed to assess the longer term effect on the enterprise base as FDI may later lead to spawning of new ventures by entrepreneurs who formerly worked at multi-nationals and who later leave (with expertise/knowledge) to launch a new venture in a related market or technical field.


We present recent advancements of polar coding suitable for next-generation optical communications, which call for high-throughput operation under low-power and low-latency constraints. We particularly discuss polar coding design for high-order modulation with constellation shaping.


The paper contains a description of the structure of processes and the interprocess communication facility implemented within a general purpose operating system. Processes within the system operate asynchronously. The communication facility allows a process to signal another process, to send information to it, to cause it to be suspended or to cause it to be terminated.


Pregnancy with hyperthyroidism is a common disease of obstetrics.The most common cause is Graves disease.Hyperthyroidism occurs in 0.1% to 0.2% pregnancies in China.Pregnant women with hyperthyroidism may be at increased risk of fetal loss,fetal growth restriction,premature labor,preeclampsia,having low birth weight infants and other adverse pregnancy outcomes.


Nanoparticles of a promising lead-free solder alloy (Sn3.5Ag (wt.%, SnAg) and Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu (wt.%, SAC)) were synthesized through a chemical reduction method by using anhydrous ethanol and 1,10-phenanthroline as the solvent and surfactant, respectively. To illustrate the formation process of Sn-Ag alloy based nanoparticles during the reaction, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to investigate the phases of the samples in relation to the reaction time. Different nucleation and growth mechanisms were compared on the formation process of the synthesized nanoparticles. The XRD results revealed different reaction process compared with other researchers. There weremany contributing factors to the difference in the examples found in the literature, with themain focus on the formation mechanism of crystal nuclei, the solubility and ionizability of metal salts in the solvent, the solid solubility of Cu in Ag nuclei, and the role of surfactant on the growth process. This study will help define the parameters necessary for the control of both the composition and size of the nanoparticles.


Maize seeds were treated with different concentrations of Na2 CO3. By measuring the germination rate,seedling height,root length,biomass and other related indicators and to Investigate the different maize varieties to the corresponding Na2 CO3 stress,so as to provide reference for the selection of salt tolerant maize varieties. The results show: The Maize Germination rate,plant height,root length,biomass was reduced gradually with the concentration of Na2 CO3 increased; Root shoot ratio showed two cases. First: The Root shoot ratio of De Nong958,Jiao Dan26 and Zheng Yu335 showed decreased-increased-decreased with the increasing concentration,while Beijing Denon Yifeng 29 and Beijing Denong Jiaodan20 indicated decreased with the increasing concentration;Integrated indicators that Denon 958 and Xianyu 335 is better than the other varieties on Na2 CO3 stress conditions.


The Covid-19 pandemic has drastically reduced tourism activity and has had an impact on the economy. To recover from this impact, with the new normal policy, the government will reopen tourism activities by implementing strict health protocols. This policy also applies in Gianyar Regency, Bali. This study aims to examine the prevention of the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic in the cultural heritage tourism sector in Gianyar Regency, Bali. The study applied qualitative methods which were analyzed descriptively. The results of the study indicate that the government has made policies regarding the application of health protocols in tourism activities. The protocols that have been implemented in cultural heritage tourism objects in Gianyar Regency include wearing masks, checking temperature, providing handwashing facilities, and holding supervision so that visitors always obey the health protocol. With the new normal policy, it is hoped that all people, especially those in the tourism sector, understand and implement better health protocols, to minimize the possibility of Covid-19 transmission in the tourism sector.


A low-energy non-unitary leptonic mixing matrix is a generic effect of some theories of new physics accounting for neutrino masses. We show how the extra CP-phases of a general non-unitary matrix allow for sizeable CP-asymmetries in the $\nu_\mu\to \nu_\tau$ channel. This CP-asymmetries turns out to be an excellent probe of such new physics.


Ab s t r a c t . A u niaxial compression apparatus was constructed, having a cubical test chamber of adjustable width. The bottom of the chamber and one of its walls were both supported on three load cells to permit determination of vertical and horizontal pressures. Tests were performed with rapeseed to validate the apparatus, to determine mi nimum specimen width, and to determine horizontal to vertical pressure ratio. Specimens 120 mm high (initially) and 120 mm long that had adjustable widths of 8, 14, 21, 27, 33, 39 and 44 mm were tested. Results showed that testing with specimens of width smaller than 10 seed diameters g ave unstable values of pressure ratio. Results of tests with specimens wider than 10 seed mean geometric diameters gave values of pressure ratio consistent with those obtained earlier in cylindric al uniaxial compression apparatus. K e y w o r d s : granular material, minimum specimen dimension, pressure ratio, rapeseed, uniaxial compression, stress transmission


The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship management dimension of emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behavior among employees and faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Shirvan. Methodology: In terms of objectives, this study is an applied one and regarding the method it is a descriptive survey, and with respect to statistics is co-relational. Since the population was small, we utilized the total number method to be more precise in sampling. Out of 116 subjects only 100 ones answered the questionnaires. To measure the emotional intelligence Gladson standard questionnaire (2009) was used. To measure the organizational citizenship behavior Marcozy and Zin standard questionnaire was used which included 27 questions. Reliability of the emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behavior were calculated according to Cronbach's alpha which were 0.77 and 0.87 respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to interpret collected data. To describe the data mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum were used. In inferential statistics Pearson co-relational test, K-S test, t- test and multiple regressions were applied. Results: The results of inferential statistics have shown that there is a significant relationship between relationship management dimension of emotional intelligence and organizational citizenship behavior among employees and faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Shirvan with 99 percent precision. Conclusion: The results of independent t-test indicate that there is not a significant relationship between the size of organizational citizenship behavior and employees and faculty members


The objectives of this research were: to develop equations to estimate the stem and firewood volume of bracatinga (Mimosa scabrella Benth.); to evaluate the accuracy of the estimates having as a comparator the true volumes obtained by the xylometer method; to test the validity of Ahrens' (1981) published equation. In bracatinga stands, 384 trees were measured until a minimum diameter of 4 cm at the small end. The validation set was composed by 55 trees measured by the xylometer. The 2 (chi-square), aggregated difference test, standard error of estimation, average error and graphical distribution of the residuals were used on validation process. The best equation obtained for the stem was provided by Schumacher-Hall model. For firewood, data were stratified, forming one set of trees with DBH < 6 cm and other with DBH 6 cm. The first set was best modeled using Parabolic model, while the second one performed better applying Schumacher-Hall model. The validated equations resulted in 2 values not significant at the level of 5% and no visible tendencies along the collected DBH extent. Ahrens' (1981) equation also had a not significant 2 value at 5%, but presented a strong underestimate along all its DBH extent.


Wearable devices have become common accessories used in tracking fitness data or augmenting daily smartphone usage. However, not all manufacturers of inexpensive wearable devices have done sufficient work to protect the privacy of their users. Some devices have shown vulnerabilities that allow attackers to obtain data stored on a locked device. In this paper, we examine using ASCON, a set of lightweight cryptographic algorithms, to enhance security of wearable devices by encrypting locally stored data.


Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease, expresses a unique enzyme, the trans-sialidase (TcTS) involved in the transfer of sialic acid from host glycoconjugates to mucins of the parasite. Crystallographic studies showed two sites in the catalytic region of TcTS, one binding the sialic acid donor and the other involved in binding terminal β-D-galactopyranosyl-containing compounds. We have previously described that lactose derivatives effectively inhibited the transfer of sialic acid to N-acetyllactosamine. On the other hand, oseltamivir is a sialic acid mimetic effective against some types of influenza virus. In this paper we report covalent conjugation of oseltamivir with lactose and lactobionolactone with the aim to obtain a bisubstrate potential inhibitor. The behavior of the new compounds in the TcTS reaction was studied.


Expounds and probes into some aspects for hospital library to develop evidence-based medical information service,such as necessity、significance、information resources、advantages of personnel and models of providing service,finally puts forward some requirements for hospital library to develop the service.


The completed NS1 gene was amplified from PPV DNA by PCR method.Then the products were cloned into pET32c vector and the sequence was determined.The recombinant plasmid pET32c-NS1 was transformed into BL21 competent cells and expressed in very high level as inclusion body when induced with IPTG.Western blot analysis proved the renaturation protein with good immunoreactivity against PPV antibody.The indirect ELISA method for the detection of PPV specific antibody in procine serum was established with the optional working circumstances for the ELISA assay(antigen concentration : 3.1 μg/mL;optimal serum dilution :1∶100) using chessboard titration.The positive criterion of this ELISA method was ODtesting serum≥0.4 and ODtesting serum/ODstandard positive value≥2.1.


None of the existing color constancy algorithms can be considered universal. Furthermore, they use all the image pixels, although actually not all of the pixels are effective in illumination estimation. Consequently, how to select a proper color constancy algorithm from existing algorithms and how to select effective(or useful) pixels from an image are two most important problems for natural images color constancy. In this paper, a novel Color Constancy method using Effective Regions (CCER) is proposed, which consists of the proper algorithm selection and effective regions selection. For a given image, the most proper algorithm is selected according to its Weilbull distribution while its effective regions are chosen based on image similarity. The experiments show promising results compared with the state-of-the-art methods.


In recent years, with the rapid development of e-commerce platform, private lending began to derive a new model —P2Pnetwork lending. Among them, P2P network lending platform of Yixin model has become one of the most important modes. Evolutionary game analysis shows that a sound credit and legal system is particularly important for P2P networks lending. To accelerate the construction of the P2P network platform, we need to establish a sound regulatory system and personal credit evaluation system, strengthen the safety of net loan company management and risk control, and appropriately raise net lending interest rate in a reasonable scope.


This paper is concerned with the asynchronous control problem for a class of discrete-time semi-Markov jump linear systems via the semi-Markov kernel approach, where "asynchronous control" refers to a mismatch of the modes between the system and the mode-dependent controller, which results from one-step time delays in the mode switching of the controller. By employing a Lyapunov function depending on both the sojourn time and system mode, sufficient conditions on the existence of the desired mode-dependent controller are developed such that the closed-loop semi-Markov jump linear system is σ-error mean square stable. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.


T his report concerns the dense fibroprotein network, especially collagen, in the pulmonary interalveolar wall of some mammals. In extending our studies of the structure and function of the pulmonary interalveolar microvasculature from the cat' and dog' to man, we quick-froze (Freon 22 @ 160#{176} C) a peripheral sample of adult human lung removed before pneumonectomy for a malignancy. A tissue block was then freeze-substituted with acetone and fixed with 1 percent osmium tetroxide in acetone at -78#{176} C. Histologic sections stained with silver for collagen and examined by light microscopy showed a dense collagen network in the interalveolar wall; iron-hematoxylin stain showed a less dense but intricate elastin network. Since the normalcy of the lung tissue was unknown, further investigations were carried out primarily in the cat but also in the dog, rat, guinea pig, spider monkey, and in adult man. Two aspects of these investigations are here emphasized.


Comparing with traditional deterministic methods,the simulated annealing algorithm is a stochastic global search algorithm.It has been proven to be a good tool for complex nonlinear optimization problems and applied to a variety of engineering problems.In this paper,the standard simulated annealing algorithm is improved and it is applied to aerodynamic optimization design for airfoil shape.The original airfoil NACA0012 is optimized respectively by the standard algorithm and the improved one.The drag of the design point decreases respectively as 30.16% and 32.95% while the CPU time is about the same.It shows that the simulated annealing algorithm is applicable and effective for airfoil design.Furthermore,the improved algorithm may obtain much better result.


In this paper the variable structure with sliding mode-PID control is applied toeoectrohydraulic servo position/force tracking control systems,Simulation and anaogue ex-periment results show that using variable structure with sliding mode-PID control in electro-hydraulic servo systems,the robustness,tracking accuracy and adapting capacity to varioustype of reference input signals are improved.The chattering in conventional variable struc-ture control can also be removed.


Based on rich resources of wild flowers and current situation of flowers industry in Lin'an, Zhejiang province, developing flower-themed tourism is one of the most important ways to promote ecotourism in Lin'an, and strategies for further development were offered.


Fred Hugo Pollak was born in Vienna, Austria and educated in the United States. After receiving his Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Chicago in 1965, Fred became Associate Professor of Physics at Brown University (1966–1972) and then Professor of Physics and Director of the Maxwell Maybaum Institute of Material Science and Quantum Electronics at the Belfar Graduate School of Science at Yeshiva University (1972–1978). He joined the Department of Physics at Brooklyn College in 1978 and was appointed as a CUNY Distinguished Professor in 1988. Complementing his roles in the Physics Department of Brooklyn College and the Ph.D. Program in Physics at the Graduate Center of the CUNY, Professor Pollak also served as Deputy Director of the New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Ultrafast Photonic Materials and Applications at the CUNY and Associate Director and Head of the Materials Group, New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Telecommunication at Polytechnic University. Fred also participated in the Committee of Concerned Scientists and has been director and fellow of the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers and fellow of the American Physical Society and a member of the Electrochemical Society. During his academic career, Professor Pollak was also president of Semiconductor Characterization Instruments, a company which was involved in the design and manufacturing of quality control instruments for the semiconductor industry.

Professor Pollak was one of the founders of the technique of modulation spectroscopy and a pioneer in the use of modulation spectroscopy to study semiconductor structures such as superlattices, quantum wells and heterojunctions. He was also among the first to apply Raman spectroscopy techniques in studying the effects of uniaxial stress on phonon frequencies, providing new insight into the nature of anharmonic forces in semiconducting materials and systems. He was a tireless pioneer in the application of spectroscopic techniques to characterize semiconductor systems, a highly valued collaborator in research, an inspiring teacher/mentor to numerous students, and a great friend to many (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Through learning the report to the 17th CPC National Congress,implementing the scientific concept of development,adhering to the principle of people-oriented,actively shaping the advanced culture and promoting different cultural works to be institutionalized,standardized and scientific tracks,enhancing the socialist advanced culture,accelerating the great development and prosperity of the advanced culture,giving full play to the people's creative talent,encouraging people's spirit,strengthening social cohesion and integration of society.So the contemporary culture can agree with the rhythms and development of practice,and also effectively realize the all-round development of the people and make the all-round development of the people as the key content and ultimate objectives,Therefore,the society can truly promote and achieve human development and social progress.


Seventeen patients attending the Ontario Can¬ cer Foundation Clinics at the Ottawa General Hospital and the Ottawa Civic Hospital, who had received methotrexate, make up the group studied. Preparation of tumour material for skin testing and analysis of the cellular stromal re¬ action in tumour biopsies have been described previously in detail, as has the preparation of Varidase (Lederle), a commercial mixture of streptokinase and streptodornase, and the pa¬ tient's white cells as controls.4, 5 Endotoxin was supplied by Dr. E. Ribi, Montana.


Background: Radiation is a known risk factor for poor wound healing. Patients undergoing intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) typically receive higher cumulative doses to their wound beds than patients treated with conventional radiation therapy. We review our experience with IORT in patients undergoing resection of head and neck cancer and flap reconstruction. Logistics of delivery and outcomes are discussed.


This study was to investigate the content variation of caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethyl xanthin) as a major alkaloid component present in a roasted coffee, which might be varied depending on the extraction conditions such as temperature, time and volume. Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica) produced in Colombia was purchased from the local market and roasted at a medium level. The roasted coffee was used as an experimental sample and its caffeine content was determined according to three independent variables, extraction time, temperature and volume. Each independent variable of extraction time, temperature and volume included 3 levels (2, 4 and 8 min), 7 levels (27, 50, 70, 80, 90, 95 and 100℃) and 3 levels (40, 80 and 160 ml), respectively. The caffeine contents for each independent variable were quantitatively analyzed using a highperformance-liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. Four research hypotheses suggested in this study were (1) to verify the change of caffeine content depending on extraction time as fixed by both extraction temperature and volume (2) to verify the change of caffeine content depending on extraction temperature as fixed by both extraction time and volume (3) to verify the change of caffeine content depending on extraction time as fixed by both extraction volume and temperature, and finally (4) to verify the change of caffeine content depending on extraction temperature as fixed by both extraction volume and time. The experimental data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the p=0.05 of significance level. Based on the change of caffeine content depending on extraction time, even the caffeine content was linearly increased, there was no significant difference (p>0.05). The caffeine contents were also linearly increased depending on the extraction volume and temperature as fixed by extraction temperature and volume, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the caffeine contents between 95 and 100℃ depending on the extraction time (p>0.05). And there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the caffeine content depending on extraction time even with relatively higher extraction volume (160 ml). Based on the change of caffeine content depending on extraction temperature, it was found that the more caffeine would be extracted at the higher temperature, resulting in a significant increase (p<0.05). However, there was a limited increase of pattern at over 70℃.


Customer satisfaction is increasingly considered to be a basic determinant of business success, one that has considerable effect on firm performance (customer retention, re‐purchase and profitability). Seeks to add to previous but limited attempts to assess the service providers' understanding of the satisfaction of their customers. The indirect assessment of customer satisfaction draws on management's ability to differentiate between the quality of the provided services as perceived by themselves and as they think it is perceived by their customers. Develops a service satisfaction construct by making use of previous research instruments that have been developed to assess customer satisfaction from the customers' perspective. Contests and tests empirically a five‐dimensional construct which comprises interactive, corporate, physical, price and convenience dimensions. Uses empirical data from a sample of 270 retail bank managers in Greece in order to test the hypotheses.


Two adult cases of lipoprotein glomerulopathy are reported. Renal biopys showed that a mass of Sudan Ⅲ positive lipoprotein thrombi filling in the highly dilated glomerular capillary lumen. Electronic microscopy demonstrated that the capillary lumen were blocked by foaming substance and macrophagus engulfed with a large amount of lipid. The mechanism of this ultrastructure change is discussed.


Learning Objectives • Describe the history of media anthropology including initial resistance to media as a topic of anthropological study. • Identify the major categories of media that are studied by anthropologists. • Explain how anthropologists explore the meaning of media and media experiences including the ways meaning can be shared or contested by individuals and communities. • Evaluate innovative approaches to media anthropology including autoethnography, photo voice, participatory photography, and fabrication. • Assess the importance of mechanical and cultural infrastructure for the exchange of ideas.


The churn prediction is an essential business activity for the anticipation of a consumer intention to discontinue a service, allowing service providers to implement retention and loyalty actions. Since the churn prediction activity is quite dependent on the domain of application, the use of Domain Driven Data Mining (D3M) and Behavior Scoring has been successfully applied in well-stablished industries such as telecommunications, credit and retail. In more recent industries, such as mobile games, the application of data mining for predicting players' churn is still incipient. The studies identified in the literature review usually apply generic methodologies based on traditional data-driven data mining and they usually make ad hoc decision. There is no in-depth discussion about the specificities of the domain of mobile games and their possible impacts on the performance of the predictive models as well as there are no clear guidelines to assist in the construction of a churn prediction model. In order to advance in the state of the art on the mobile game domain, we firstly tried to answer the following relevant questions: What are the main industry specificities relevant to modeling the problem? How can these specificities be addressed in the process of constructing the predictive model? What is the impact of these specificities, and their possible treatments, in the churn prediction performance? Is the proposed solutions and treatments generalizable to other games within the same domain? The answers to these questions are critical because they provide guidelines for building predictive models to anticipate players churn following the D3M and BS approaches. To answer such questions, we performed a literature review in churn prediction for mobile games but also in other well-established domains. We planned, executed and evaluated an experimental project for churn prediction of game players based on 3 datasets from real mobile games with 201,406 players. The experiments considered possible treatments for identified challenges and their effects on predictive model performance. Our study performed a critical analysis for building predictive models that will help developers and researchers to create better solutions to avoid players' churn in mobile games.


A dual displacement measurement meter applied as a compensatory device for spindle thermal growth compensation, it can reduce the measurement error dramatically from single measurement device. The result matches the laser inspection report, which is an external direct checking device and been considered as one of the best checking device of spindle thermal growth. However, the non-flat surface of spindle nose, fluctuating measurement distance and the tiny measurement meter can hardly be fitted rectangular to spindle nose surface which create a certain percentage of error when the single displacement measurement meter is applied. The addition of a differential amplifier will greatly enhance the linear output voltage fed back from dual measurement meter to the CPU and provide a high sensitive level of compensation. This new device can reduce the measurement error from 6% down to 1.8%. The machining tolerance can be improved greatly and machining time is reduced. The quality of the machine and the cutting performance can be upgraded.


Sharing this year's physics Nobel Prize with Frederick Reines (see the previous news story) is Martin L. Perl, a professor at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). The Swedish academy cites Perl "for the discovery of the tau lepton," in 1975.


Utah State University, in celebration of the centennial of its 1887 founding, invited twenty-eight music researchers from across the nation to present summaries of their current work at a two-day symposium held March 13-14, 1987, in Logan, Utah. After each presentation, the host, David Wolfe, encouraged the participants to ask questions and pursue implications of that research. Many of the studies involved school-age children and yielded results that could apply directly to the practicing music educator or therapist. In fact, many of the experiments were designed by practicing teacher researchers and were conducted in their music classrooms. Although there is not room to describe all the studies presented, this article contains summaries of some of the projects (1) that had school-age children as subjects, (2) that contained results directly applicable to the studio or classroom, or (3) that were conducted by researchers who are teaching at precollegiate levels. The summaries are grouped by the type of music class or the instructional method studied.


Detector, influencing on system's performances, is one of some key techniques in x ray industrial computed tomography (CT) systems. Considering the existing problems for sensor (or detector) in CT systems, a new sensor is experimented by using optoelectronic integrated technique with optic fiber face plate optically coupling and transmission, and it is proved to be high integrated, high efficiency, high resolution, and low cost in industrial CT systems.


The 17th Dalian Intemational Garment Fair was held in Dalian city.Liaoning provinee from Sep.10 to Sep.13. With merchants and exhibitors attraeted from 29 countries and regions.around 100 thousand-more people partieipated in the fair. The fair is commonly recognized as a platform for the garment and textile produets trade which has been eultivated for 17 years and enjoys a fame in both domestic and over seas matkets.……


The Walnut kernel is a capability-based operating system kernel that was developed in the Department of Computer Science at Monash University during the 1990s. This kernel is heir to many of the ideas that were implemented in the PasswordCapability System. Focusing on the programmer's view, this paper describes the password-capability model and the features of theWalnut kernel and the design decisions taken in creating it. An ANSI compliant standard I/O library is used as an example of the expressive power of the system.


The classical approach for determining stellar angular diameters is to use interferometry and to measure fringe visibilities. Indeed, in the case of a source having a diameter larger than typically λ/6B, B being the interferometer's baseline and λ the wavelength of observation, the fringe contrast decreases. Similarly, it is possible to perform angular diameter determinations by measuring the stellar leakage from a coronagraphic device or a nulling interferometer. However, all coronagraphic devices (including those using nulling interferometry) are very sensitive to pointing errors and to the size of the source, two factors with significant impact on the rejection efficiency. In this work, we present an innovative idea for measuring stellar diameter variations, combining coronagraphy together with interferometry. We demonstrate that, using coronagraphic nulling statistics, it is possible to measure such variations for angular diameters down to ≈λ/40B with 1σ error-bars as low as ≈λ/1500B. For that purpose, we use a coronagraphic implementation on a two-aperture interferometer, a configuration that significantly increases the precision of stellar diameter measurements. Such a design offers large possibilities regarding the stellar diameter measurement of Cepheids or Mira stars, at a 60–80 μas level. We report on a simulation of a measurement applied to a typical Cepheid case, using the VLTI-UT interferometer on Paranal.


China is now in a rapid industrialization stage,requiring a big demand of mineral resources.This paper, based on the scientific views of development,discusses how to mitigate the shortage in mineral resources,based on the consumption of mineral resources,sets up a scientific view on mineral resources,analyzes the reasonable resources allocation,resources benefits and resources strategy,and presents approaches including saving mineral resources, finding mineral potentials,optimizing mineral resources pricing mechanism and mining overseas.


The invention relates to a rapid propagation method for culturing Rieger begonias tissue, which comprises the following steps that: explant material is treated, that is, the explant material is selected for treatment to prepare the explant meeting the requirement; then inducement is carried out, that is, the explant prepared in the first step gets vaccinated to culture medium to induce bud on inducing conditions; the inducing condition that the light intensity with illuminance is less than 1500lx is met. As the lighting condition during the fast propagation of Rieger begonias tissue is further optimized, the application of the rapid propagation method for culturing Rieger begonias tissue causes the inducement time to be shorter and ensures the inducement rate to be higher and reach 100 percent.


s ESEM 2003: III. Ultrasound and Biomechanics 171 Fig. 2. Simulation results for circular inclusion. Top row: original attenuation map, reconstructed attenuation map (5 angles in steps of 8.5◦), difference map between original and reconstruction. Bottom row: projections of the original attenuation map (radon transformation), attenuation differences along central horizontal and central vertical line. Fig. 3. Comparison between conventional (conv) and compound (comp) method for estimation of attenuation in small inclusions (3.2 mm and 2.0 mm). Results: A comparison between conventional multi narrow band method and the compound technique was carried out by simulation of different sized inclusions (Fig. 3). Down to inclusion diameters of approximately 3 mm the simulation results show much better estimates of the attenuation value. 172 Abstracts ESEM 2003: III. Ultrasound and Biomechanics Furthermore tissue mimicking phantoms were investigated in conventional imaging and spatial compound imaging mode. The effective roi size was reduced down to 3 mm. The result of 64 single estimates in a square roi of 18 mm came to α = 4.22±0.97 dB/cm (at 6.5 MHz). The estimated mean value of the attenuation parameter showed a good agreement with the acoustical properties of the phantom obtained in transmission mode. Conclusions: The analysis of spatial compound imaging raw data provides local attenuation coefficients in the mid-band range of the transducer leading to local data parameter images of quantitative acoustic tissue parameters. In combination with conventional b-mode, parameter imaging has the potential to support the diagnosis of pathological changes in tissues. Imaging of ultrasound attenuation coefficient R. Jǐrı́ka, T. Taxtb and J. Jan a aDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic Tel.: +420 541 149 557; Fax: +420 541 149 542; E-mail: email@example.com bDepartment of Physiology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway Introduction: The paper studies imaging of tissue-specific ultrasound attenuation. Ultrasound attenuation parameters are closely related to the type and the pathological state of the tissue. Therefore, the estimated attenuation parameters can be used as a feature in quantitative tissue characterization [2,3]. Ultrasound attenuation is also an important factor affecting spatial resolution of ultrasound images since the higher ultrasonic frequencies are attenuated more than the lower ones. Knowing the attenuation as a function of frequency and depth allows estimation of the depth-dependent point spread function component caused by attenuation. This component can be used to improve the spatial resolution of the ultrasound image through deconvolution [2]. This paper introduces a method, for tracking the attenuation coefficient in B-mode ultrasonic images on a pixel-by-pixel basis. The resulting parametric images show, for each pixel, the mean attenuation coefficient between the probe and a given pixel position, further referred to as the cumulative attenuation coefficient. Method: The estimation of the cumulative attenuation coefficient is based on the following 1-D physical model of ultrasound radiofrequency signal S(ω, d) in the Fourier domain: S(ω, d) = c(d)G(ω)e−2βd| ω 2π |+iφ(ω)R(ω, d), (1) whered is depth,c(d) is a depth dependent factor accounting for phenomena affecting all frequency components to the same extent (frequency independent attenuation, time gain compensation), G(ω) is a Gaussian-shaped spectrum, centered at the mean frequency of the probe, modeling the electroacoustical round-trip transfer function of the transducer. R(ω, d) is the tissue function characterising the diffuse scatterers and specular reflectors at the depth d. The exponential term represents the attenuation transfer function [2], with the phase response φ(ω) andβ denoting the cumulative attenuation coefficient. A-scan radiofrequency signals are first divided into short ( ∼ 4 mm) overlapping segments. Each segment is then transformed from the time domain to the log-spectrum domain. The cumulative attenuation coefficient is estimated for each segment by means of the least-mean-squares approximation of Abstracts ESEM 2003: III. Ultrasound and Biomechanics 173s ESEM 2003: III. Ultrasound and Biomechanics 173


Bacterial bioremediation of sites contaminated with heavy metals such as chromium, copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead is facilitated by adding amendments (e.g. apatite—a phosphate mineral, chitin, acetate, etc.) to stimulate indigenous bacterial growth and metal reduction. The metals can be sorbed, degraded, transformed, or immobilized by various iron- and sulfate- reducing bacteria. The interaction of bacterial species populations in bioremediation systems is hypothesized to be more efficient at metal remediation than one species of bacteria. For example, phosphate solublizing bacteria might provide increased access to phosphate allowing faster growth rates for aerobic bacterial communities. The bioremediation system is modeled here using two simulation methodologies: Agent-Based at the individual bacterium scale and System Dynamics at the population scale, with the goal of observing patterns at these different scales. A simplified estuarine environment was defined with an oxygen gradient, amendment concentrations, and metal concentrations. Three bacterial populations were selected and behavioral rules were developed based on their growth requirements. An Agent-Based model was developed based on simple rules and environment structure, and the general pattern of their behavior was validated using experimental parameters from the literature. Similarly, a population scale model was developed for the three populations. Traditionally, these modeling paradigms have been used separately to describe biological systems such as bioremediation. The strength of the Agent-Based model is the visualization of the zones of bacterial growth. The strength of the System Dynamics model is the visualization of the model structure. One possibility for model integration is in parameter estimation. Exploring the simulation space with System Dynamics and running detailed simulations using the Agent-Based model may also be beneficial in augmenting experimental data (i.e., both micro and macro) to gain a greater understanding of bioremediation systems.


Microtubules play important roles in several essential cellular processes and their functionality is influenced by complex polymerization dynamic, which is driven by conformational changes of tubulin. The presence of destabilizing drugs, such as colchicine, stabilizes curved conformation of tubulin, preventing the integration in microtubule lattice. In this study, the effect of colchicine on three different isotypes, αβIIa, αβIII and αβIVa, was evaluated through molecular dynamics simulations with focus on the relation between structural rearrangements and conformational changes. Results suggest a correlation between the motion of the β tubulin M loop and structural modifications, such as the intradimer bending and twisting angle. The presence of colchicine influences the fluctuation of this loop and each isotype responds in different ways.


Mr. Luo Rong qu began his researches on issues of modernization in the 1980s. And he made great contributions on studing the modernizing processes of the world,the Third World countries and China. His researches has significant influence on contemporary historiography in China.


OBJECTIVE:Mast cells are thought to participate in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, urinary excretion of N-methylhistamine (UMH), a stable metabolite of the mast cell mediator histamine, was evaluated as an indicator of disease activity in patients with IBD.METHODS:Urinary excretion of UMH (μg/mmol creatinine × m2 body surface area) was measured by radioimmunoassay in 55 controls, 56 patients with Crohn's disease, and in 36 patients with ulcerative colitis. Excretion rates were correlated with clinical, serological, and endoscopic disease activity, disease extent, and location.RESULTS:Urinary excretion of UMH was found to be significantly elevated in IBD. Patients with active Crohn's disease (7.1 ± 4.2, p = 0.002 vs controls) and active ulcerative colitis (8.1 ± 4.8, p = 0.02 vs controls) had higher rates of UMH excretion than patients in remission (6.3 ± 3.8 and 5.2 ± 2.3, respectively) or controls (4.6 ± 1.9). In Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, a significant correlation of UMH excretion with clinical disease activity was obtained (Crohn's Disease Activity Index r2= 0.58, Clinical Activity Index r2= 0.57, p < 0.0001). Serologically, orosomucoid showed the best positive correlation with disease activity (Crohn's Disease Activity Index r2= 0.80, Clinical Activity Index r2= 0.86, p < 0.0001), but UMH excretion was found to reflect disease activity more accurately than C-reactive protein (Crohn's Disease Activity Index r2= 0.46, Clinical Activity Index r2= 0.42, p < 0.0001). No association between UMH excretion and disease type or localization could be found in Crohn's disease. However, UMH excretion correlated strongly with endoscopic severity of inflammation in Crohn's disease (Crohn's Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity r2= 0.70, p < 0.0001) or disease extent in ulcerative colitis.CONCLUSIONS:Urinary excretion of the histamine metabolite UMH is enhanced in IBD. It appears to represent an integrative parameter to monitor clinical and endoscopic disease activity in IBD, which appears to be influenced most likely by mediators released from histamine-containing cells, such as intestinal mast cell subtypes.


Increasingly, student outcomes assessment is being viewed as a component of comprehensive academic program review. The Hong Kong peer review process is typical of program review in the United Kingdom and Europe. In the second article in this issue, Ruth Green describes a typical U.S. program review process. —Editor.


On the 24th of November last, a poor Woman, in my Neighbourhood, came to crave my Advice for her Grand-child, an Infant of about 16 Months old, bringing with her a Worm, which the told me the Apothecary had just then drawn out of the Child's Penis, who had for several Days before labour'd under great Uneasiness;


Morphometric estimates of nucleolar size have been shown to possess a high prognostic value in patients with uveal melanomas. The authors investigated various quantitative estimators of the mean size and pleomorphism of nucleoli in choroidal melanomas from a consecutive series of 95 Danish patients treated solely by enucleation of the melanoma‐bearing eye in the period from 1977 to 1979. The independent prognostic value of the quantitative histopathological variables was evaluated using multivariate Cox analysis. Apart from patient data and information about tumor extent, histological type of melanoma, and largest macroscopic tumor dimension (LTD), the following histomorphometric estimates were obtained: mean diameter of the 10 largest nucleoli (MLN), point‐sampled mean nucleolar profile area (nucleolar āo) and the associated standard deviation of nucleolar āo, the volume‐weighted mean nucleolar volume (nucleolar v̄v), and associated variance and relative variance of nucleolar volume (nucleolar Varv(v) and nucleolar CVv(v), respectively). The intra‐observer reproducibility of estimates of nucleolar v̄v was tested in 20 cases and found acceptable (r = 0.84, 2p = 3.6 · 10−6). Correlation analysis indicated that estimates of nucleolar v̄v and nucleolar Varv(v) are identical in choroidal melanomas, except for a scaling factor. There were no differences of the grouped means of histomorphometric estimates in choroidal melanomas that showed intra‐ or extra‐ocular extension (2p>0.13). LTD was of the same magnitude in all histological types of melanoma (2p = 0.69). Estimates of nucleolar v̄v and associated estimates of nucleolar volume pleomorphism were increased in melanomas of the mixed and epitheloid cell type (2p<0.005). Single factor analyses showed that all quantitative histopathological variables were of prognostic value in the studied patients, in addition to the histological type of tumor. However, using multivariate analysis, only estimates of LTD, MLN, nucleolar v̄v, and of nucleolar volume pleomorphism had independent prognostic value.


With increasing calculation power of modern systems, the focus of Stochastic Filtering turns to nonlinear effects. Fully nonlinear solutions to the estimation problem are provided by an approximation of the full probability density function (pdf) in particle filters or the Fokker-Planck equation. Several papers deal with overcoming the problem of degeneration in the measurement update for these nonlinear solutions by particle flow (for the particle filters) or grid flow (for grid based approaches). For the grid flow approach a suggestion for a reasonable choice of the concrete flow exists, but without regarding a measurable quality in comparison to other possible flows. In this contribution a quality measure together with a possible optimization process for the grid flow approach is introduced.


Assuming that collision between ice crystals and rimed graupel particles is the dominant mechanism for charge separation in thunderstorms, a numerical simulation has been used to study the effect of two ice glaciation mechanisms of crystal (Fletcher and Hallett-Mossop glaciation mechanism)and liquid water content on flash rate. The results show that there is a big disparity on ice crystal number concentration distribution with increasing of the pressureand the temperature in two glaciation mechanisms, this directly result in a difference of electrical activity of thundercloud. With liquid water content increasing, theKG*2time of the first lightning flash will be delayed, the location of breakdown process will be descended, and the lightning flash rate will be decreased.


Abstract The Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella, is a serious pest on dried fruit and oil-rich food products, such as pet food, cereals, flour products, and candy bars. We examined the P. interpunctella oviposition on unscreened food dishes with whole-wheat kernels treated with one of 18 different oils diluted in hexane (oil-treated) compared with a second unscreened food dish with whole-wheat kernels treated with hexane only (control). For eight of the 18 oils, the same two-choice experiment was conducted with screened food dishes. We concluded that (1) total oviposition was significantly lower when food dishes were screened compared with experiments with unscreened dishes; (2) using unscreened food dishes, P. interpunctella females laid significantly more eggs in 17 types of oil-treated wheat compared with dishes with control wheat kernels; and (3) using screened food dishes, P. interpunctella females only laid significantly more eggs in walnut oil-treated wheat compared with dishes with control wheat kernels. A nine-choice experiment was conducted in a large arena with unscreened food dishes, in which one dish contained control wheat kernels and eight other food dishes contained wheat treated with different oils. In the nine-choice experiment, P. interpunctella females showed the strongest response to wheat kernels treated with oil from walnut. This study provides the basis for chemical identification of oviposition stimulants for P. interpunctella from food oils.


Chronic heart failure is a complex clinical symptoms with the high incidence rate,each examination,many kinds of drugs in treatment and individual differences should be monitored.In this paper,we discussed the usage of diuretics,digitalis drugs,amiodarone,ACEI drugs,β-blockers,and suggested that clinical pharmacists should follow the water and electrolyte status in patients,strengthen the monitoring of digoxin concentration,avoid possible drug interactions,pay attention to changes in renal function in the pharmaceutical care on patients with chronic heart failure.


Although exercise-induced improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and reduction in abdominal obesity are putative mechanisms by which chronic exercise attenuates insulin resistance (1), the independent contribution of each is unknown. We therefore investigated whether improvement in abdominal obesity and/or CRF mediates the effect of exercise on insulin sensitivity in abdominally obese adults.

Participants included sedentary, abdominally obese men and women who participated in two previously published exercise interventions (2,3). Participants were randomized to control ( n = 18) or supervised aerobic exercise ( n = 59) for 3 (women) or 4 (men) months. CRF (VO2peak) was measured using a maximal treadmill test, abdominal obesity by magnetic resonance imaging and waist circumference (WC), and insulin sensitivity by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp.

Simple mediation analysis (Table 1) revealed that with the exception of …


Biological ceramic coatings with rich Ca and P were prepared on the surface of AZ31B Mg alloy by micro-arc oxidation.The morphology,phase composition,Ca/P atomic ratio,thickness and corrosion resistance of the oxide films were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope,an X - ray diffractometer,an X - ray fluorescence spectrometer,a coating thickness gauge and an electrochemical workstation.The effects of five kinds of P-containing compounds(P sources) on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of as - prepared ceramic oxide films were investigated.Results show that Na_3PO_4 and Na_4P_2O_7 can not serve as P sources for micro - arc oxidation of the Mg alloy,while ceramic coatings with micro - porous structure can be obtained when NaH_2 PO_2?H_2O,(NaPO_3)_6 and Na_2 HPO_4 are used as the P sources.The micro-arc oxide coating obtained with NaH_2 PO,? H_2O as the P source had micro - cracks on the surface, showing the smallest thickness.The coating prepared with (NaPO_3)_6 as the P source had the maximum thickness and showed unevenly distributed interlocked micro - pores on the surface. The coating fabricated with Na,HPO_4 as the P source contained uniformly distributed micro - pores on the surface and had the maximum Ca/P ratio.As - prepared ceramic oxide coatings were mainly composed of MgO and MgAl_2 O_4,and Ca and P in the coatings existed in the form of amorphous compounds.In one word,micro-arc oxidation contributed to greatly improved corrosion resistance of the Mg alloy.The oxide coating obtained with NaH_2 PO_2? H_2O as the P source possessed the worst corrosion resistance,while the one prepared with(NaPO_3)_6 as the P source had the best corrosion resistance.


The technical control regulations embrace wide areas of safety technology. They have produced effective controls for the prevention of accidents and damage by means of supervisory equipment covering consumers and the environment. Therefore consideration must be given to how the indoubtedly important interests of environmental protection can be meaningfully and economically integrated without requiring the development of independent Technical Control Regulations for environmental protection. The legislation is attempting to translate these objectives incorporated in the current draft of the 3rd amendment to the Federal Immission Control Act. Subsequently a new committee, the Technical Committee for Industrial Safety, will be instituted. In addition, the introduction of a Commission for Incidents is envisaged


Wave measurement by X-band marine navigation radar is very important to ocean monitoring.Extracting the signal and eliminating the interference of vessel motion attitude to measurement are key technologies of this research.This paper gives a kind of processing method.


ABSTRACT In the face of mounting global climatic pressures, negative emission technologies (NETs) for carbon dioxide removal (CDR) are increasingly proposed as necessary for meeting climate targets. While initial work has identified the potential of terrestrial NETs, a diverse set of marine/ocean-based NETs are gaining new and particular attention. Emerging studies on the feasibility of marine NETs are urgently needed, especially to explore the logics that public groups use to judge different approaches, and to ensure that design and governance of these technologies align with public values and priorities. This study explores factors of interest in understanding public views on four marine NETs, both perceptions of climate severity and urgency, and beliefs about marine environments. It uses a quantitative survey to explore how a representative sample of people in British Columbia, Canada and Washington state, United States evaluate four marine NETs: coastal restoration; ocean alkalinity enhancement; ocean fertilization; and offshore direct air carbon capture and storage. We find that perceived severity and urgency of climate change predicts greater comfort with all NETs studied, and views of marine environments as adaptable, fragile and manageable vary in predicting both greater and lesser comfort. Drawing upon these insights, the paper offers reflections on the conditional thinking linked with emerging views of marine NETs, concluding with methodological suggestions for future research on public perceptions as concerns the deployment of ocean-based CDR near and long term. Incorporating these insights into policy for ocean-based CDR will be important to ensuring responsible governance of these technologies. Key policy insights Incorporating research on public perceptions will be important to the design of marine NETs and accompanying policies. Public groups in both British Columbia and Washington expressed high levels of comfort with coastal restoration, some comfort with offshore direct air carbon capture and storage, and some discomfort with ocean alkalinity enhancement and ocean fertilization. Perceived severity and urgency of climate change predicted greater comfort with all approaches; this evidence aligns with a small but growing body of scholarship indicating openness to environmental intervention amongst public groups concerned with climate impacts. Beliefs about marine environments, namely whether they are 'adaptable', 'manageable' or 'fragile', also predicted comfort, suggesting that CDR in ocean contexts requires further examination regarding public perceptions.


It is shown that an unmagnetized plasma with non-uniform bulk velocity can generate magnetic fields through consideration of the non-relativistic isentropic two-fluid equations, even when the initial conditions contain with no fields or currents, uniform densities and pressures, and a divergence-free bulk velocity. This effect does not depend on the baroclinicity of the plasma and is therefore relevant even in barotropic flows, where the Biermann battery is absent. It also does not rely on kinetic effects or shear discontinuities. Instead, our magnetogenesis effect arises from convection terms proportional to the electron mass in the generalized Ohm's law. The resulting magnetic fields are typically weak but may still serve as seed fields for dynamo mechanisms.


A parametric model to estimate the degradation of objective video quality over error-prone networks is proposed. The model estimates an expected quality degradation in terms of one of the most reliable perceptual quality metrics, structural similarities (SSIMs), for a given encoded video and network condition described by a packet loss rate. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model can estimate the expected SSIM degradation of H.264/ advanced video coding encoded videos with high accuracy.


The dissertation for obtaining the scientific degree Candidate of Legal Sciences on speciality 12.00.09 – criminal procedure and criminalistics; judicial expertise; operational Search Activity. – Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. – Kharkiv, 2015.
Dissertation is devoted to development of theoretical bases of the victimological cognition of a person in criminalistics and formation of the scientific and practical criminalistical recommendations for the bodies of the pre-trial investigation and judicial examination of the criminal proceedings connected with the collection and use of victimological data during the process of the crimes solving and investigation. The main directions of the victiminological data use in criminalistics have been analyzed. The structure of the «victim of the crime» element of the criminalistical characteristics of the crimes has been proposed. The criminalistical recommendations with the use of the victimological data during the process of the preparation and conducting of the investigative (search) and judicial actions have been worked out.


FEM has been applied to analyze the calculation results of frame for Gantry press.On this basis,the structural optimization of frame for press has been realized and further analyzed.By comparing calculations of the original and optimized frame,the verification of the optimization program has been finished.


Experimental study presents examples of empirical modeling of single-event upset in negatively-doped-source/drain metal-oxide-semiconductor static random-access memory cells. Data supports adoption of simplified worst-case model in which cross sectionof SEU by ion above threshold energy equals area of memory cell.


Enhancing light–matter interaction in cavity quantum electrodynamics has aroused widespread interests in on-chip quantum information processing. Here, we propose a hybrid nanotoroid–nanowire system to enhance photon–exciton interaction. A nanoscale gap is formed by placing a dielectric nanowire close to a dielectric nanotoroid, where the coupling coefficient between photon and emitter can achieve 5.55 times of that without nanogap. Meanwhile, the cavity loss and spontaneous emission of the emitter will remain at a small value to guarantee the realization of strong coupling. The method might hold promise for the research of nanophotonics, quantum optics, and novel optical devices.


Coastal areas are among the most dynamic earth systems as they are exposed to powerful agents. Nearshore wave energy is one of the most important triggering factors for erosion and flooding and is often neglected for severe infrastructure damaging, property losses and loss of life. These consequences are amplified with high population density and heavy infrastructure implantation as it happens in Lisbon (Portugal). In this context, it is of great importance for coastal stakeholders, decision-makers and civil protection entities to estimate precisely the spatial distribution of storm hazard for prevention and mitigation purposes, as well as to design adjusted answers for calamity responses. We apply a coastal storm hazard index (CSHI) considering triggering and conditioning variables involved in the effects of an extreme storm, namely: 100-year return period of SWAN modelled Hs, and its spatial distribution across the study area, land use, number of buildings, height, slope, geology, geomorphology, erosion/ accretion rates, width of the systems, exposure of the coastline, bathymetry and legally protected areas. The variables were weighted according to a hierarchical analysis process and classified into five classes of exposure. A validation process was then implemented by comparing the occurrences identified in the last two decades newspapers and the storm hazard classification, showing a satisfactory validation results. The results show a classified storm hazard map that identifies the most and the less exposed areas. High values of CSHI occur in areas with excessive human pressure, low heights sandy systems with significant costal erosion rates. The main type of consequences identified are associated with inland flooding and erosion, resulting in the destruction of coastal protection infrastructures, and population displacement leading to great economic and social impacts and loss of life.


OBJECTIVE
To find out the distribution of nerve endings in the dural sheath of cervical nerve roots and to study the mechanism of cervical radicular pain.

METHOD
2069 20 microm serial sections were made from 39 cervical root-dorsal root ganglion specimens obtained from 18 postmortems. By using optical microscope and Suzuki silver impregnation method and Klüver-Brrera method, we examined the morphology, quantity and distribution of the nerve ending in the nerve sheath of the root, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and the spinal nerve of these sections.

RESULT
There were several kinds of nerve endings such as free nerve endings in the nerve sheath of the root, the dorsal root ganglion, and the spinal nerve. Free nerve endings were distributed in the proximal and distal portions of DRG sheath more extensive than that in other parts of the dural root-sheaths.

CONCLUSION
The free nerve endings in the dural root-sheaths especially those in the DRG sheath are thought to play an important role in cervical radicular pain.


We investigate the issue of existence of maximal solutions to the vacuum
Einstein solutions for asymptotically flat spacetime. Solutions are
established globally in time outside a domain of influence of a suitable large
compact set, where singularities can appear. Our approach shows existence of
metric coefficients which obey the following behavior:
$g_{\alpha\beta}=\eta_{\alpha\beta}+O(r^{-\delta})$ for a small fixed
$\delta > 0$ at infinity (where $\eta_{\alpha\beta}$ is the Minkowski metric).
The system is studied in the harmonic (wavelike) gauge.


Purpose: As marijuana laws in the U.S. have become more liberal, marijuana use among college students has increased (Schulenberg et al., 2020). While nearly 40% of college students in the U.S. attend 2-year institutions, little is known about marijuana use and risk factors for use among 2-year students relative to 4-year students. College-aged adults that use marijuana report many motivations for use (e.g., enhancement, conformity, coping motives) which are related to both the frequency of use and the likelihood of experiencing related consequences (Lee et al., 2009). This study examines differences in marijuana motivations, use, and consequences between 2- and 4- year college students and tests whether college status moderates associations between marijuana motives and marijuana outcomes. Method: Participants included a sample of 1402 undergraduate students (35% 2-year; 59% female) aged 18-25 (M=20.53, SD=1.72) who completed a screening survey for a longitudinal study examining alcohol expectancies and use. Participants reported past-month motives for marijuana use, number of occasions of past-month and past-year marijuana use, and two marijuana-related consequences (i.e., number of times they drove to/from campus high and/or attended class high). Independent sample t-tests were conducted to assess mean differences between 2- and 4-year students in marijuana use and consequences, and also motives for use, including social, enhancement, conformity, coping, and boredom motives. Controlling for gender, age, college status, and academic quarter, Poisson regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between marijuana motives and use and negative binomial regression analyses were conducted to examine links between marijuana motives and consequences. Subsidiary analyses examined if links between marijuana motives and outcomes were moderated by college status. Results: On average, participants reported using marijuana 6-9 times in the past month (SD=1.79) and 10-19 times in the past year (SD=1.61). Over 15% (n=213) reported they had driven to/from campus high at least once and 40% (n=565) reported they had attended class high. Relative to 4-year students, 2-year students reported greater past-month and past-year marijuana use, and were more likely to have driven to/from campus high and to have attended class high (ps<.05). Two-year students reported greater coping motives but decreased social and conformity motives compared to 4-year students (ps<.05). In regression analyses controlling for co-variates, enhancement, boredom, and coping motives were associated with increased past-month and past-year marijuana use, whereas social and conformity motives were associated with decreased past-month and past-year use (ps<.05). Coping and boredom motives were positively associated with driving to/from campus high and coping and enhancement motives were positively associated with attending class high (ps<.05). In tests of moderation, associations between coping, boredom, and conformity motives and driving to/from campus high were more pronounced for 2-year relative to 4-year students. Conclusions: Two-year students endorsed marijuana motives differently than 4-year students and reported greater marijuana use and marijuana-related consequences. Two-year status moderated associations between motives and driving to or from campus high and 2-year students were more likely than 4-year students to endorse coping motives for using marijuana. As such, marijuana and mental health interventions targeting 2-year college students are needed.


This paper reports a French study aimed at identifying the cognitive process involved in planning routes. Subjects were asked to devise a route through a town in which thirteen separate tasks had to be completed. Participants were divided into those with and without prior knowledge of the town. The results showed that the two groups had divergent aims in solving the problem. Participants wthout knowledge tended to reduce the cognitive cost of planning and solve the problem as quickly as possible, applying depth-first problem-solving strategies. Participants with knowledge tended to reduce the cognitive cost of execution of their strategy rather than of the planning; they applied breadth-first problem-solving strategies. The results have implications for the development of onboard navigation aid systems to support route planning. For the covering abstract see ITRD E113725.


tion of the question of what is to be put first if the constitutive question of democratic socialism cannot be successfully answered in a socialist way. Luthardt does not evade the question whether the failure of the Social Democrats' project in Weimar makes their conceptions more than a deterrent object lesson. Neumann and Kirchheimer thought so themselves. But Luthardt draws on the past generation of remarkable historical scholarship to present a diagnosis of that failure that is far more nuanced than the shocked self-judgments of the defeated participants or the facile stereotypes that grow out of them. The result is a more qualified and open response to the structural and strategic thinking of the reformist Left. He thinks that Weimar may still have something to teach us. Nothing can turn the history of Weimar social-democratic speculations into a success story. But it can be productively demythologized and rendered useful for discriminating comparative study and reflection by political scientists. Luthardt's book is a very useful contribution to the latter undertaking.


Boarding school is an educational institution that have a high level of independence by implementing the educational process without relying solely on the government, but its for establishing enterprenuership in completing boarding school needs. This entrepreneurial capability requires the educational institutions to apply the entrepreneurship principles. The entrepreneurship principles are creative and innovative acts, empowering the potential of schools, and fostering an entrepreneurial spirit.


The rates of anodic chlorate formation were measured under a variety of well dcfined hydrodynamic conditions. In dilutc \ solutions (<6.1 M) these rates are up to 60 times larger than those calculated for mass transport control as hitherto postulated. The rates of chlorate formation were calculated using a model which involves the coupling of mass transfer with a chemical reaction (chlorine hYdrolysis) proceeding in the diffUsion layer. The agreement between the calcUlated and the experiment.al values is satisfactory. The model used describes adequately the mechanism of anodic chlorate 'formation in the range of c~nditions investigated:


Objective The aim of this study was to explore the value of mesenteric venous thrombosis(MVT) treated via the superior mesenteric arterial papaverine and thrombolysis and /or thrombolytic percutaneous transhepatic recanalization.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out of nine MVT patients by interventional diagnosis and therapy in the Beijing university 3rd hospital,they all underwent angiography and ultrasonography,among them five with CT checks and two with MR checks.From medical examination to receiving interventional treatment the time intervals were 15-168 hours.After diagnosis of MVT,they were immediately given peripheral intravenous heparin therapy;they all received mesenteric arterial papaverine treatment,while eight cases of them received percutaneous transhepatic portal vein and Superior mesenteric vein thrombosis and thrombolytic therapy.Two cases of them,who were suspected with intestinal necrosis,are processed the surgical intestinal resection after interventional treatment.Results Nine MVT cases in this group,2 cases' thrombosis were limited in the superior mesenteric vein;7 cases' thrombosis went along the portal vein or the splenic vein.Among all of them,seven cases were cured;one case was dead with unknown causes;one case died of liver failure after the operation of portosystemic shunt trip due to the portal hypertension.Conclusion The most effective way of MVT therapy is via mesenteric arterial papaverine jointly with thrombolysis and/or thrombolytic percutaneous transhepatic portal vein or mesenteric vein.


The delightful village of Cavendish, Suffolk, straddles a Roman road. From the point of view of English Dissent it is in "martyr country," for John Copping and Elias Thacker (or Ffawker) were hanged at nearby Bury St. Edmunds on June 4 and 5, 1583, respectively. Daniel Sutton, a former rector of Cavendish, being unable to give his "unfeigned assent and consent" to the Book of Common Prayer of the Church of England was, like nearly two thousand others, ejected from his living under the Act of Uniformity of 1662. It is just the kind of place to which Alexander James Grieve (1874-1952) might have been expected to remove when, after nearly forty years of training ministers in Bradford, Edinburgh, and Manchester, he sought a sphere where he could "try and practise a bit of it for myself." For Grieve was rooted in, and deeply knowledgeable about, the history and principles of Dissent, above all the principle concerning the supreme and only headship of Christ over his Church (with its negative implications concerning the rights of monarch or parliament over worship and church order). On a wall in Cavendish United Reformed (formerly Congregational) Church, a plaque bears the following inscription:
To the glory of Godand in grateful memory ofAlexander James Grieve, M.A., D.D.Principal, Lancashire Independent College, 1922-1943Minister, Cavendish Congregational Church, 1943-1951Missionary, Theologian, Minister


BACKGROUND
Most studies evaluating long-term efficacy after coil embolisation of intracranial aneurysms have not differentiated between ruptured and unruptured aneurysms.

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to analyse factors that influence recanalisation in ruptured and unruptured aneurysms.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective analysis of 182 (98 ruptured, 84 unruptured) aneurysms, treated with coil embolisation alone that received follow-up with digital substraction angiography (DSA).

RESULTS
At 6 months 26% of the aneurysms showed recanalisation. Multivariate variance analysis revealed that different factors influenced recanalisation in ruptured and unruptured aneurysms. In ruptured aneurysms patient age was a determinant, with younger patients recanalising more frequently than older ones (p = 0.016). Also, low initial packing density led to higher recanalisation rates (p = 0.015) than higher packing. In the unruptured aneurysm group these factors were not significant. Here, only a larger aneurysm volume led to higher recanalisation rates (p = 0.027).

CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest that in ruptured aneurysms, high packing density is a key factor to prevent recanalisation, while in unruptured aneurysms, aneurysm volume is the main predictor for recanalisation.


Classical orthophoto has some disadvantages, which are eliminated in the process of generating true orthophoto. True orthophoto is generated from aerial photographs and digital surface model (DSM) in a process of enhanced orthorectification. DSM represents the earth's surface and includes objects like buildings and bridges. DSM data are usually stored in one of the vector file formats. In the past, DSM data were mostly acquired through process of stereoscopic data capture, but with a development of airborne laser scanning many different methods for automatic building extraction from lidar data are now available. In graduation thesis a simple algorithm for extracting building heights from lidar data was developed. In the first, theoretical part main differences between classical and true orthophoto are shortly presented as well as differences in their production line. In addition, main principles of airborne laser scanning are described. The second part treats the practical work. It contains presentation of developed algorithm, its realization in ESRI ArcGIS and evaluation of the final orthophoto results produced with different digital surface models.


Hospital in Timisoara there have been performed 18 radical cystectomies, out of which 14 for primitive neoplasic localization at the level of the urinary bladder and 6 for secondary localization. The elective or associated with other bordering ablations bladder amputation implies to find manners of urinary diversion. The ureteroneocystoplasties have been performed by three procedures: Mainz II reservoir in 14 cases (70%), rectal bladder in 3 cases (15%) and ileal Camey II reservoir in one case (5%). In two cases (10%) of partial cystectomy, the ureters have been re-implanted in the remainder of the bladder. The detubation of the sigmoid ansa by Mainz II technique and of the ileal ansa by Camey II technique have allowed the realization of some low pressure reservoirs which have considerably diminished the complications by ascendant infection. The usage of the natural sphincters as mean of continence has simplified and allowed the urinary diversion execution and acceptance methods.


In Chapter 7, the authors change focus from the use of signs by deaf persons and with individuals with disabilities to how signing may enhance the learning and processing of spoken language by typically developing hearing children and adults. The first topic examined is the use of signs to foster infants' and young children's acquisition of their principal spoken language. Signs may further serve as an effective intervention strategy in academic settings for children with ADHD or as a means to improving vocabulary acquisition and reading comprehension for children who lag behind their age group on various language performance measures. Iconic signs and representative gestures may also be used to facilitate the acquisition of foreign language vocabulary when the signs are paired with the to-be-learned words. Finally, various studies concerning the positive benefits of learning to sign promote the possibility that using the visual-gestural modality may confer increased skills in various cognitive domains such as spatial memory, mental rotation, and facial discrimination.


The role of society in the fight against corruption has been set out in Article 41
and 42 of Law No. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law No. 20 of 2001 on the
eradication of corruption. Community participation in tackling corruption
manifested in the form of, among others, to seek, obtain, provide data or
information about corruption and the right advices and opinions are responsible
for the prevention and eradication of corruption. which further regulated in
Government Regulation No. 71 Year 2000 on the Implementation of Public
Participation and the Award in the Prevention and Combating of Corruption.
From these results, many ways to do community participate in tackling corruption
like, as well as through the whistle-blower role, Justice Collaborators, media,
activities directly and through anti-corruption education. This type of research is a
kind of normative legal research. The conclusion of this study is the need for
efforts to strengthen the community in understanding the problem of corruption so
that people participate more and can produce a quality report on the allegations of
corruption.


The common control approaches for power quality is presented and the control methods for harmonic,voltage fluctuation and flicker,three phase unbalance and sags are listed.Based this,a comparison among the performances,advantages and disadvantages of the proposed control tech - nologies is given.After the concept and implementation of customized power technology is descri - bed,the components and operating patterns of QCC(Quality Control Center)are forecast.It is necessary to establish concerned regulations to attune customers with utilities to control power quality.


Summary Toluene removes moisture rapidly without causing undue charring or decomposition of the material and is recommended as a very satisfactory distilling liquid. Coating the corks with collodion, correcting for the density of water, and using a paraffin or glycerine bath at 140° to 150°C., are improvements which increase the efficiency and accuracy of the distillation method. This method gives results for cheese which are slightly higher than the results obtained by the vacuum-oven method. It is considered undesirable to boil the material more than one and one-half hours when the rate of boiling is properly regulated. Closer checks are obtained on duplicate samples by the vacuum-oven method than by the distillation method. The latter method is much more rapid and is very accurate for determinations on cheese.


Absolute cross sections for the production of H+ and H2+ have been measured from the dissociative ionization threshold at 18.076–124 eV. A broad resonance occurs in the H+ cross section caused primarily by autoionization of the Q1 Rydberg states. The absolute cross section for producing neutral atoms only is obtained by the use of published photoionization yield data. It is shown that the sum of the neutral and ionized H fragments produce a major resonance representing transitions into the Q1 and Q2 Rydberg states.


Abstract A new approach to the problem of the discrete design of laminated composite plate with account taken of strength is presented. The solution of the design problem for a laminated plate possessing the required set of stiffnesses and strength is developed. A mathematical solution of the problem and the algorithms to compute the designs are provided. The developed algorithms make it possible to solve a new type of design problem. Several numerical examples illustrating the possibilities of the developed algorithms and programs are presented.


The invention relates to a method for producing a connection contact for contacting at least a semiconductor region in a extending from a surface (101) in a semiconductor body extending into the trench, comprising the steps of: Depositing a barrier layer on the surface of the semiconductor body and in the trench, which completely fills the trench and is at least partially deposited by a CVD method, Producing a metallization layer on a resultant surface by the application of the barrier layer above the trench and the surface of the semiconductor body.