This paper deals with optimal window width choice in non-parametric lag- or spectral window estimation of the spectral density of a stationary zero-mean process. Several approaches are reviewed: the cross-validation based methods described by Hurvich (1985), Beltrao & Bloomfield (1987) and Hurvich & Beltrao (1990), an iterative procedure due to Buehlmann (1996), and a bootstrap approach followed by Franke & Haerdle (1992). These methods are compared in terms of the mean square error, the mean square percentage error, and a third measure of distance between the true spectral density and its estimate. The comparison is based on a small simulation study. The processes that are simulated are in the class of ARMA (5,5) processes. Based on the simulation evidence, we suggest to use a slightly modified version of Buehlmann's (1996) iterative method.


Throughout the history of pedestrian safety in Western Europe, it can be seen that the image of the pedestrian has gradually been changing from "a moving obstacle in the way of vehicles" to a means of transport of its own right, with its own constraints and travel objectives. Moreover, it has been recognized that cities cannot live without pedestrians, and urban streets have more uses than just accommodating car traffic, one of them being to provide contact between unshielded citizens... which means on foot! All along, research boosted and accompanied the changes, both by helping design and evaluate new solutions to improve pedestrian safe mobility and through European and International programmes which enhanced the work performed in some countries more advanced than others at one time and helped disseminate good practice (OECD Research Groups on Pedestrian Safety, DUMAS and PROMISING Projects, etc.). Learning from practice was also performed through direct exchanges between European practitioners and local authorities, who made a point of adapting concepts and programmes to their own context and requirements.uThe evolution in the way to think about walking, which has been instrumental in improving pedestrian safety, besides giving birth to new laws (30 km/h zones, laws establishing long term goals, etc.), has been incorporated into new dispositions of the Highway Code, for example in the Netherlands, where pedestrians are no longer required to cross streets at designated locations, while in other countries such as France, the existing law is now interpreted so that drivers are always allocated a share of responsibility in pedestrian accidents. The fact that laws and regulations have followed experimentation and supported the changes involved is the sign of a sustainable modification of attitudes. Another such sign is the promotion at the European level of cars with "pedestrian-friendly" fronts, a design which had been researched into since the 70s and has finally been acknowledged. Adapting urban roads to unrestrained vehicle traffic without giving "equal rights" to the vulnerable road users, as was done in the 60s and the 70s in Western Europe, has proved a great mistake and a lot of money has been spent in reversing the trend over the following decades. It is hoped that the same mistakes will be avoided in countries where motorization is now fast developing and current technologies facilitate fast changes in infrastructures. To this purpose, raising awareness and changing attitudes of both the decision-makers and the public will have to be done much faster than in Europe, and pressure from researchers and the civil society through NGOs as well as international cooperation to pass on basic concepts if not operational designs are greatly needed. However, prospects of global warming and petrol and gaz shortage may help in reversing the current trends of building for cars much more easily than expected. For the covering abstract see ITRD E138091. This paper is available from http://ictct.org/dlObject.php?document_nr=541&/3_4Muhlrad138_149.pdf


Resulis.Special diets and daily and occasional medications showed no significant differences with regard to the six variables. Broccoli was the food disliked most frequently. Suggestions that certain foods be served more frequently were greater among white than black clients (p < .(01) and among home delivery than among congregate clients (p < .(05). Persons who regularly ate half or less of the noon meal made more suggestions for cooking foods differently (p < .(05) and had longer lists of favorite foods (p < .001) than those who usually ate most of or all of the meal. Persons who lived alone had more suggestions for cooking foods differently (p < .(05) and serving certain items more often (p < .05) than those who lived with other persons. Favorite foods, changes in cooking methods, and frequency of offering certain foods were not related significantly to age or to gender. Conclusions. Certain suggested changes in food choices and preparation can be implemented within Title ill guidelines and may improve food intakes. While medicinal intakes were similar to those reported previously for the elderly cohort, there is rea son for concern with regard to drug-induced illness.


Atomic-resolution electron microscopic surface profile images of sapphire are reported for the first time. Comparison of experimental images with computer simulations, leads to the realization that aluminium and oxygen atom surface terminations may be distinguished, for both neutral and charged surfaces. Hence surface polarity, as well as details of surface step structure and mobility may be determined. Positive surface polarity is preferred.


AbstractInteraction between the wind-driven shear current and the Stokes drift velocity induced by surface gravity waves gives rise to Langmuir turbulence in the upper ocean. Langmuir turbulence consists of Langmuir circulation (LC) characterized by a wide range of scales. In unstratified shallow water, the largest scales of Langmuir turbulence engulf the entire water column and thus are referred to as full-depth LC. Large-eddy simulations (LESs) of Langmuir turbulence with full-depth LC in a wind-driven shear current have revealed that vertical mixing due to LC erodes the bottom log-law velocity profile, inducing a profile resembling a wake law. Furthermore, in the interior of the water column, two sources of Reynolds shear stress, turbulent (nonlocal) transport and local Stokes drift shear production, can combine to lead to negative mean velocity shear. Meanwhile, near the surface, Stokes drift shear serves to intensify small-scale eddies leading to enhanced vertical mixing and disruption of the surface...


As I have indicated elsewhere,I the Temple Scroll of Qumran contains-besides the prescriptions concerning the Temple-materials from the book of Deuteronomy, supplemented with additions, interpolations and clarifications. The Temple Scroll constitutes, to my opinion, the so called "treatise of the king" (= l'?r.lil nWiEl) which had to be recited by the national leader every seven years (in the year of Shemittah), during the festival of Sukkoth (Deut 31: 10-11, compare m. Sotah 7:8).2 Being designated for the king, it is appropriate that this scroIl should expand the prescriptions that concern kingship. Indeed we find in this sc roll a 1engthy treatment of royal matters which spreads over three co1umns. These include the following paragraphs:


Introduction Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) express CD123/IL-3Rα and promote tumor growth and immunosuppression in multiple myeloma (MM) (Chauhan et al, Cancer Cell 2009, 16:309-323; Ray et al, Leukemia, 2018, 32:843-846). Tagraxofusp is a novel targeted therapy directed against CD123, and is FDA-approved for the treatment of patients with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm [BPDCN]). Tagraxofusp can also trigger anti-MM activity by reducing the viability of immunologically defective and tumor-promoting pDCs in MM. Furthermore, tagraxofusp synergistically enhances the anti-MM activity of anti-MM agents bortezomib and pomalidomide. Our preclinical findings led to a recently completed phase 1/2 clinical trial of tagraxofusp with pomalidomide/dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory MM patients (NCT02661022). Results demonstrated preliminary safety and efficacy, with 5 of 9 heavily pretreated patients achieving durable partial response (PR) (ASH 2019). Here, we report the early results of our translational correlative studies using bone marrow (BM), peripheral blood (PB), and serum from the study cohort.
 Methods Tagraxofusp is a bioengineered targeted therapy directed to CD123 comprised of human IL-3 fused to a truncated diphtheria toxin (DT) payload (Stemline Therapeutics, NY). pDCs and patient MM cells were purified from BM/PB samples after informed consent, and quantified using FACS, as described (Ray et al, Leukemia, 2018). A novel high throughput seroproteomics platform SOMAscan was used to analyze 1,310 protein analytes in serum samples from MM patients (n = 9). SOMAscan data were subjected to meta-analysis to generate heatmaps, followed by hierarchical cluster analysis. SOMAscan results were validated with ELISA using supernatants from MM patient pDCs cultured with or without tagraxofusp.
 Results Analysis of BM/PB samples from MM patients receiving tagraxofusp therapy showed a distinct reduction in the frequency of viable pDCs [average 2% at screening vs 0.75% post-tagraxofusp; n = 6; p = 0.036]. Of note, pDCs isolated from tagraxofusp-treated patients showed decreased ability to trigger MM cell growth. SOMAscan analysis of patient serum before and after tagraxofusp therapy showed alterations in the levels of 100 proteins [Median Fold Change in expression: 0.39 to 4.5; n = 6; 3 each; p < 0.05]. Importantly, tagraxofusp treatment reduced pDC-related soluble proteins including IFN-α (fold change: 0.8, treated vs untreated; p < 0.05). Pathway analysis further show that treatment affected immune signaling. For example, tagraxofusp decreased the levels of immunosuppressive proteins, soluble CD40L and IL1R2 (0.071-fold and 0.088 fold vs untreated; p = 0.02 and p = 0.013, respectively), promoting immune response. Moreover, analysis of end of treatment samples showed decreased soluble C-reactive protein, affecting the complement cascade after treatment (0.53-fold, p = 0.0173) via the downregulation of several C-C motif soluble chemokines (p < 0.05). Our earlier study showed that pDC-MM interactions triggered secretion of IL-3, which in turn promotes both pDC survival and MM cell growth. Importantly, tagraxofusp in this trial decreased serum IL-3 levels (fold change 0.75, treated vs untreated; p < 0.05).
 Conclusions In the present study, we validate the target specificity of tagraxofusp against MM pDCs in relapsed and refractory MM patients enrolled in a phase 1/2 clinical trial. A future clinical trial of tagraxofusp in combination with bortezomib and pomalidomide will examine the utility of tagraxofusp to improve outcome in patients with relapsed refractory MM.

 Mo: Sanofi: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Honoraria; GSK: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Karyopharm: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Eli Lilly: Consultancy; BMS: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Epizyme: Consultancy. Olguin: Stemline Therapeutics, New York, NY: Current Employment. Chen: Stemline Therapeutics, New York, NY: Current Employment. Brooks: Stemline Therapeutics: Current Employment. Mughal: Stemline: Current Employment, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company; Oxford University Press, Informa: Other: financial benefit and/or patents . Richardson: Janssen: Consultancy; Celgene/BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Karyopharm: Consultancy, Research Funding; Secura Bio: Consultancy; GlaxoSmithKline: Consultancy; Sanofi: Consultancy; Oncopeptides: Consultancy, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy, Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy; Protocol Intelligence: Consultancy; Regeneron: Consultancy; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding. Chauhan: Oncopeptides: Consultancy; C4 Therapeutics: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Stemline Therapeutics: Consultancy. Anderson: Sanofi-Aventis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bristol Myers Squibb: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Scientific Founder of Oncopep and C4 Therapeutics: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company, Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Millenium-Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pfizer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AstraZeneca: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Mana Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.


Acute myocardial infarction patients showed significantly
higher prevalence of anti-chlamydial antibodies demonstrated by
complement fixation test as well as anti-lipopolysaccharide IgA
antibodies than the control subjects. Patients with the
unstable angina pectoris showed higher levels of both IgA and
IgG anti-LPS and IgA anti-MOMPs antibodies than control
subjects. The results corroborate the hypothesis of the
participation of C. pneumoniae in the pathogenesis of coronary
arteriosclerosis.


We demonstrate that phosphorous ion implantation in InGaAs/InP quantum wells can be used to produce large (from 1550 to 1200 nm) blueshifts of the band edge. This reproducible technique of lateral band‐gap control can be used in quantum‐well photonic integrated circuits to produce regions of low‐loss waveguide, e.g., for interconnects or large passive cavities. Phosphorous implants with subsequent p‐type InP regrowth produces blueshifted quantum‐well diodes with good reverse‐bias characteristics and low‐loss p‐i(multiple quantum well)‐n waveguides.


Various studies suggest that regions with larger stocks of physical infrastructure and human capital often exhibit comparatively robust economic performance. The research at hand examines whether this is the case for regions within Mexico using data from the 2010 Census and other sources. Aggregate production functions are estimated in order to analyze the determinants of economic performance across Mexican states. Explanatory variables include kilometers of highways, airport runway lengths, percentages of adults in each state with education beyond the primary level, and the number of certified researchers as a share of the national total. In line with prior research, results indicate that regional-level investments in transportation infrastructure and education will likely facilitate economic growth in Mexico. An out-of-sample policy simulation is used to further quantify regional economic throughout the country.


Previously we reported low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in breast fed infants without vitamin D supplements. However prospective serum 25-OHD vs sun exposure studies have not been done in relation to season of birth. We hypothesized that breast-fed infants <1 yr of age have serum 25-OHD varying directly with sun exposure & that opposite patterns occur in summer vs winter-born infants. 25 term infants exclusively breast-fed without vitamins were followed longitudinally from birth for > 6 mos: 13 born in summer and 12 winter. Sun exposure was monitored for 1 wk of every mo until 12 mos. A sun exposure score, previously verified, quantified time & surface area exposed (e.g., 0=no exposure, 5=13hrs/wk, diaper only). 25-OHD was determined by protein-binding assay (N 11-68ng/ml; CV 11%). Mean (±sem) values by age were:Monthly exposure scores peaked in summer, were low in winter (p< .01), & intermediate in fall & spring. 25-OHD paralleled sun exposure, irrespective of age; 25-OHD was correlated with exposure (r=.54, p<.001). Thus, summer vs winter-born infants had mirror image patterns of both sun exposure and 25-OHD; large seasonal differences in both sun exposure and 25-OHD were observed.


Today's high resolution graphics display technologies allow photographic quality digital images to be displayed. However the wider use of such still images, let alone motion video in PC applications has been limited by large storage requirements. The author discusses why we need digital image compression, bitmaps, graphics standards and fractal image compression.


I. CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT. 1. Industry and the Project. 2. The Project Management Process. 3. Construction Contracts and Delivery Methods. II. ESTIMATING. 4. Estimating Fundamentals. 5. Conceptual and Square Foot Estimating. 6. Assemblies Estimating. 7. Detailed Estimating. III. SCHEDULING. 8. Scheduling Fundamentals. 9. Network Construction. 10. Activity Duration and Network Calculations. IV. PROJECT CONTROL. 11. Fundamentals of Project Control. 12. Cost, Schedule, and Resource Control. 13. Updating the Project: Control in Practice. Appendix A. Appendix B. Index.


Isotope separation by laser radiation is proving a very promising method for obtaining large scale isotope production at low cost and is particularly relevant to the enrichment of uranium-235 for the nuclear power industry. Scientific spin-off from the work has had a profound effect on a number of related disciplines


In the process of restructuring the Gross Anatomy course for first‐year osteopathic medical students a new lab model was introduced, with teams alternately performing the dissection of midline regions. To evaluate the effectiveness of the new model, we compared practical examination performance from 2 years based on whether or not they were in the dissecting or non‐dissecting lab group. Each practical question was assigned a body region and tissue type. A random intercept logistic regression model was fit to the data and the outcome variable was whether or not the student correctly identified the structure. The random effects were the students, each question asked during the practical exams and the assigned table number. The predictor variables included if the student had dissected the structure in an assigned lab, the region the anatomical structure is found and tissue type.


Salty metal: In the suboxometallate Cs(9)InO(4), metallic cesium columns (see picture; blue) lie next to ionic oxoindate(III) columns. The chemistry of the suboxides is thus expanded to structures containing complex anions.


Usually, the solid-fuel flow of an iron ore sinter plant consists of different types of the solid-fuels, which differ from each other. Information about the composition of the solid-fuel flow usually comes every 8-24 hours. It can be clearly seen that this information cannot be used to control the sintering process in real time. Due to this, we propose an expert system which uses indirect measurements from the process in order to obtain the composition of the solid-fuel flow by solving an optimization task. Then this information can be used to control the sintering process. The proposed technique can be successfully used to improve sinter quality and reduce the amount of solid-fuel used by the process. Keywords—sintering process, particle swarm optimization, optimal control, expert system, solid-fuel


The views of the writers outlined and examined here show that a philosophical approach is unavoidably in a contrasting position in relation to literary ways of representing reality and truth in literature. The specific domain of philosophical reflection is to clarify concepts through deductive methods or a purely rational viewpoint, whereas literature is based on the experience of life stories in concrete circumstances. The prospect of our dealing with sacred and secular literary texts is to disclose literary ways of observing and expressing reality and truth in its most elementary form of life. In all times we can observe the need to convey senseexperience and to evoke ethical reflection by using a more suitable mode of expression with an eye to the larger structures of literary representation of reality and truth. Literature deals with representation of life in all its contrasting manifestations in persuasive literary forms and is therefore intrinsically connected with the issues of aesthetics. Ethical sensibility, meanwhile, works best when dealing with particular persons in specific con texts. Works of literature combine the particular and the general in concrete life situations and in individual characters.


This research has been carried out in order to find new methodological strategies for teaching children of 5-8 years with learning difficulties through the application of rules and principles that enhance the level of knowledge. This study enables the overcoming of learning problems that occur with children with difficulties in understanding, in turn, improving the academic performance of students, allowing them to feel motivated and confident in the development of the educational process.


Structure brand strength appraising index system combining with real estate industry characteristic,within this system,every index can by quantization. The concept of benchmarking enterprise is put forward,and on the basis of this building suitable for China's brand value assessment of the grey assessment model.


Background: Mashhad is the second-largest Iranian megacity with a population of roughly 3 million and receiving around 25 million tourists a year, wherein road traffic accidents (RTAs) have become the leading cause of death and injuries. Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to calculate the burden of disease caused by RTAs in the city of Mashhad. Methods: In this applied research using a descriptive cross-sectional method, data associated with RTAs in the city of Mashhad in March 2016 - March 2017 were collected based on a complete enumeration of RTA-induced fatalities and disabilities from the Organization for Cemetery Management (Ferdows Organization) affiliated to Mashhad Municipality and the database of the Ministry of Health of Iran (MOH). Following verification, the years of life lost (YLL), the number of years lost due to disability (YLD), and the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were measured through the method proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Results: The total number of RTA deaths was 677 cases (men = 494 (73%) and women = 183 (27%)) and the number of DALYs was 29155 years (men = 21219.3 (72.8%) and women = 7935.1 (27.2%)). Of the total DALYs, 96% of them were associated with YLL, and 4% were related to YLD. Conclusions: Mortality data are recorded with relatively high accuracy in Iran. Given low YLD in DALYs in comparison with the findings of similar studies in developed countries, there are possible defects in data quality, in particular in terms of non-fatal accidents and injuries. These findings can be thus exploited for optimal allocation of resources in Razavi Khorasan Province and across Iran.


Drought is one of the climatic as well as natural disasters common all over the world. Droughts have disastrous impact on the economy and can affect the largest segment of the society. Agriculture may suffer severe set back and large groups of affected population may have to migrate. The metrological causes of drought are usually associated with slow, prevailing, subsidizing motions of air masses from continental source regions. This study aims to prepare the Metrological, Hydrological and Physical drought maps using Survey of India Topo sheets, Satellite Data and Collateral data. It also aims to delineate drought prone areas by integrating meteorological, hydrological and physical drought maps and assigning drought classes. The study will also generate area-wise, percentage-wise and mandal-wise statistics of various drought classes. Action plan for drought management is also suggested in this study.


Oak-hickory (Quercus spp. and Carya spp.) recruitment and regeneration are negatively impacted by non-natives species. Goats can provide an initial control of non-native vegetation; however, browsing behavior and preference should be studied before their introduction in the forest. Our objective was to analyze goats' browsing behavior and preference in an eastern oak-hickory forest. We hypothesized that browsing behavior and preference are dependent on browse biomass composition and grazing duration. This study was conducted in Coshocton, Ohio, and contained two units with nine experimental plots each. Vegetation was surveyed during the summer of 2019 for biomass composition. Cluster analyses were performed using species identity and biomass. Vegetation nutritional analysis including fiber, protein, and sugar was completed. Two stocking rate densities were implemented: high (1,019 goat×day×ha-1) and low (509×goat×day×ha-1). Goats browsed for four or two days for a total of 36 days. Continuous observation was implemented to determine browsing behavior. Forage selectivity was measured using Jacob's Selectivity Index (JSI). A linear mixed model was calculated using clusters, species, and/or grazing duration (fixed effect), experimental plots (random effect), and JSI (dependent variable). Spicebush (Lindera benzoin), multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora Thunb.), privet (Ligustrum spp.), and oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.) composed more than 70% of goats' diet. Species identity, including nutritional components and physical defense mechanisms, was the most important factor in browsing selectivity. Goats preferred spicebush and privet and avoided multiflora irrespective clusters (P 0.001). In the first two days of browsing, goats favored spicebush and privet, avoided multiflora, and had a neutral preference for bittersweet (P-value 0.001). In the last two days, privet was selected and other species had a neutral selection (P 0.001). Goats will target spicebush and privet and avoid multiflora; therefore, an extended browsing period is recommended. Future studies should evaluate the effect of chemical defense mechanisms on browsing.


In this paper, the system throughput of a wireless local-area-network (WLAN) based on multiple-input multiple- output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO OFDM) is studied. A broadband channel model is derived from indoor channel measurements. This model is used in simulations to evaluate the performance of different MIMO detection algo- rithms. It is concluded that a MIMO scheme combined with an additional antenna at the receiver side and the low computational complex minimum-mean-squared-error (MMSE) algorithm is preferable. Link-level results are used to calculate the throughput of a single-cell scenario containing multiple MIMO users using a semi-analytical framework. Results show that the throughput of a 2×2 extension of an IEEE 802.11a system is 1.5 to 2 times higher than that of its single antenna counterpart. I. I NTRODUCTION


A nonlinear ultrasonic array imaging method used for the defect loacation is developed. The propagation characteristics of the focusing acoustic field in time-space domain and the conditions to generate the diffusion acoustic field are investigated, then the relationship between the diffused acoustic energy in two different phased mode, parallel and sequential focusing, and the nonlinear effects is analyzed, and a nonlinear ultrasonic imaging method is proposed, in which the difference of acoustic energy of two phased modes within the excitation bandwidth(fundamental wave)is considered as characteristic parameter for imaging. The influence of time delay and time window for diffuse field sound energy and nonlinear imaging are studied, and the optimal parameters for nonlinear imaging are obtained. The time delay has great influence on the nonlinear imaging, however the width of window has little effect on the nonlinear imaging. Over a range of time delay, the diffusion acoustic field is stable, therefore the micro-crack can be detected effectively. It is demonstrated that the proposed nonlinear imaging technique is an effective method for micro-crack detection.


In this paper, we present a new approach that seeks reducing the downlink TBS-index by the LTE-A eNodeB. Our objective is to minimize the total transmitted power based on getting the benefit from available but unused PRBs, while considering the QoS for the UEs and mitigating the interference from adjecent eNodeBs. Most previous studies have not assigned the residual PRBs in the eNodeB to change the MCS order in the context of TB. Also, they have not considered the TBS-index as a constraint. In this paper, we formulate a new downlink assignment problem that takes the TBS-index into account, where the PRBs are selected for each TB based on the total available but unused PRPs and the CQI of each UE. Controlling the TBS-index while increasing the number of PRBs will have an effect on the MCS order, hence reducing the transmitted power with respect to the positions of UEs. The TB corresponding to using one MCS and one CC is implemented to enhance the throughput of a generic system with the SISO mode and the infinite buffer traffic type. The proposed approach consists of two aspects: (1) exploiting the residual PRBs among multiple UEs to reduce the TBS-index, (2) finding the optimal power allocation for each UE regarding the optimal MCS, relating to the required throughput, as well as the current channel state information of each UE. The proposed approach is implemented with a greedy algorithm. A set of comprehensive simulations is conducted. It is shown that our approach has made several improvements to the conventional approaches.


Continuous monitoring the vegetation encroachment for high voltage transmission lines is challenging task for electrical distribution authorities. The enchroachment causes interruption which results in blackouts. It also endures great cost to the authorities for maintenance and damage compensation. There are many methods available to monitor growth of vegetation near transmission line poles. However, these methods are constrained with time consumption and cost. In this paper,a new method based estimating 3D height/depth of vegetation or trees near transmission lines using satellite stereo vision is proposed. We have evaluated local methods of stereo matching using Quickbird Satellite stereo images and compare the performance of stereo matching cost functions in terms of processing speed and time. Results show that our proposed algorithm is faster and more accurate than the existing algorithm for disparity calculation.


The varying gender diversity strategies that organisations undertake to drive gender diversity and their impact on leadership and development has been explored during this research. Diversity is about obtaining innovative ideas by promoting the involvement of employees from a wide range of backgrounds working in teams (Foot and Hook, 1991).

This research was conducted with Human Resources professionals in multinational organisations with Irish bases. The researcher used qualitative research methods in the form of semi-structured interviews to gain direct insight into this organisationally delicate topic. To achieve this objective, the researcher must first express the definition of diversity, its origin, the stereotypes and preferences that can impact gender diversity and the most common initiatives currently being used to support this. The researcher concluded that whilst organisations are engaging in multiple practices that drive gender diversity in their organisation, these practices are not following through to organisational culture changes, and are not being reviewed and analysed through ally within the organisation. The factors that influence the effectiveness of gender diversity initiatives are discussed in this research.


Chyle leak is an uncommon form of ascites occurring due to the accumulation of lipid‐rich lymph into the peritoneal cavity. Traumatic injury to the lymphatic system due to pancreaticobiliary surgery can lead to this phenomenon.


An apparatus and method for enhancing the accuracy of a sensor signal are provided. The apparatus includes: a low-pass filter (LPF) that filters the sensor signal and outputs a low-frequency sensor signal; an operation determination unit that determines whether the sensor is not in operation; a bias estimating unit that estimates bias included in the low frequency sensor signal output from the LPF according to the output of the determination unit; and a subtractor that subtracts the estimated bias from the low frequency sensor signal according to the output of the operation determination unit.


In accordance to the annual report by the Cisco 2018, web applications are exposed to several security vulnerabilities that are exploited by hackers in various ways. It is becoming more and more frequent, specific and sophisticated. Of all the vulnerabilities, more than 40% of attempts are performed via cross-site scripting (XSS). A number of methods have been postulated to examine such vulnerabilities. Therefore, this paper attempted to address an overview of one such vulnerability: the cookies in the XSS. The objective is to present an overview of the cookies, it's type, vulnerability, policies, discovering, protecting and their mitigation via different tools/methods and via cryptography, artificial intelligence techniques etc. While some future issues, directions, challenges and future research challenges were also being discussed.


In cardiovascular clinical trials, underrepresentation of women continues to occur. To quantify this disparity and to evaluate it by disease state, the


The article is currently important due to the fact that nowadays there is no concept of the biosphere reserve in the legislation of Ukraine. There is no differentiation of the concepts «biosphere nature reserve» and «biosphere reserve». Although due to the official data of the Ministry of the environmental and natural resources protection, there are 9 biosphere reserves on the territory of Ukraine. Five of them are biosphere nature reserve, among them Chernobyl biosphere nature reserve, which does not have a status of biosphere reserve. It is also interesting, that 4 biosphere reserves do not have a status of biosphere nature reserves in Ukraine. It should be noted, that there is some confusion about the procedure of their creation.
The study found that there are biosphere nature reserves in Ukraine, which were created in accordance with the procedure described in the legislation, but also biosphere reserves declared in accordance with separate international agreements. At the same time, as mentioned above, the national legislation does not regulate the concept of a biosphere reserve.
After analyzing the legislation, we can conclude that biosphere nature reserves and biosphere reserves can be created not only on the territory of national natural parks, nature reserves and other categories of the natural reserve fund, but also on lands of special conservation value. In order to monitor the impact of human anthropogenic activity on the environment, it is proposed to include adjacent territories in biosphere nature reserves and biosphere reserves. For this, zoning of territories is carried out and certain functions are performed, including the function of sustainable development.
After conducting a study, it was found that now in the country there are simultaneously two concepts of «biosphere nature reserve» and «biosphere reserve», which are not coordinated with each other. This creates uncertainty and confusion in the national legislation. Moreover, it should be noted that the Decree of the President «On Biosphere Nature Reserves of Ukraine» is not true today and therefore it is advisable to make certain changes that reflect the true state of affairs.


We describe a new approach for evaluating hadronic correlation functions which combines Laplacian-Heaviside quark smearing with a stochastic estimator of quark propagators. This method utilizes noise dilution in a new way to reduce the variance in correlators. The efficacy of the new algorithm is demonstrated on a number of systems, including disconnected diagrams and multi-hadron correlators, on a small lattice where comparisons with the results obtained with exactly determined quark propagators are possible. On larger lattice volumes, the use of exact propagators becomes prohibitively expensive, while the stochastic method is still computationally feasible.


Facial micro-expression recognition has attracted researchers in terms of its objectiveness to reveal the true emotion of a person. However, the limited number of publicly available datasets on micro-expression and its low intensity of facial movements have posed a great challenge to training robust data-driven models for recognition task. In 2019, Facial Micro-Expression Grand Challenge combines three popular datasets, i.e. SMIC, CASME II, and SAMM into a single cross-database which requires the generalization of proposed method on a wider range of subject characteristics. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective CapsuleNet for micro-expression recognition. The effectiveness of our proposed methods was evaluated on the cross-database micro-expression benchmark using the Leave-One-Object-Out cross-validation. The experiments show that our method achieved superiorly higher results than the baseline method (LBP-TOP) provided and other state-of-the-art CNN models.


We report on a patient with the hitherto undescribed combination of chronic granulomatous disease, pulmonary hemosiderosis, and celiac disease. The hemosiderosis resolved with a gluten‐free diet and glucocorticosteroid pulse therapy, but the restrictive lung function pattern remained unchanged. Lung function improved markedly by immunosuppression with daily glucocorticosteroid and azathioprine treatment. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004; 38:344–348. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The current global burden of chronic diseases necessitates the introduction of functional foods, including probiotic ones. Thus, the aim of the present study was to develop a soya based probiotic frozen dessert and for this five type of soya milk blends comprising of T1 (Soya milk 84 per cent, SMP 0 per cent), T2 (Soya milk 83 per cent, SMP 1 per cent), T3 (Soya milk 82 per cent, SMP 2 per cent), T4 (Soya milk 81 per cent, SMP 3 per cent) and T5 (Soya milk 80 per cent, SMP 4 per cent) were prepared. Two controls standard control (Buffalo milk kulfi) and product control (Soya frozen dessert without culture) were also prepared. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG was added at the rate of 10 as probiotic culture in all except the product control. Their chemical, microbiological, sensory and statistical analysis was done for 24 days at 20°C+1°C. Results showed that T4 comprising of 81 per cent soya milk and 3 per cent SMP was best among all having fat and total solids of 9.37 per cent and 45 per cent, respectively. The product has a shelf life of 18 days as the probiotic count started to decrease from 10 to 10 after that, which is below the recommended value for a probiotic food. Statistical analysis showed significance differences for pH, sensory, probiotic count and total viable count during storage.


The contributions of central as well as noncentral two-body interactions to the matrix elements of various effective interactions for the $\mathrm{sd}$ shell are studied in an SU(3) two-particle basis. The results show that their central parts agree rather well and exhibit an approximate SU(3) symmetry. However, large differences are found between the noncentral parts of microscopic and phenomenological interactions, respectively. The influence of noncentral components of the matrix elements of Glaudemans et al. on experimental data is investigated for the case of $^{28}\mathrm{Si}$, with the result that the $\mathrm{LS}$ component is very important to reproduce the correct ground state binding energy. Some effects introduced by higher order two-body interactions and many-body interactions are discussed.


This work presents a method for detection, localization, classification and pose estimation of objects in SAR-image sequences. Such methods have to deal with strong noise in SAR-images and have the challenge that shadows, which may occur, should not affect the recognition process. The disturbing effect of noise is significantly reduced in the presented method by temporal integration of the SAR-images, using a motion-model of the sensor. Thus it is possible to perform a segmentation on the integrated images with quantile-thresholds and a region growing algorithm using an edge image created by a Canny-edge detector. To be independent of the number of objects in the image and the brightness of the image, a multi-threshold approach is used. By accumulating the segmented images, following an analysis of the homogeneity of the accumulated segments, it is possible to identify stable segments as possible objects. An optimization process is used to fit a generic model of a house into the stable segments. As initial values for the optimization process the results of a connected-pixel algorithm are used. An application example is presented, in which house-objects can be separated from shadows in a village formation and their pose can be determined correctly.


The colonial issue and us : a history of distantiation, Daniel Rivel. ; The colonial issue is no longer exciting and its study no longer occupies a major place in the field of knowledge. The time has therefore come to resume the dialogue, to restate the problematics, far from any commemoration or execration.


The Introduction to this volume on the ways Healthy Families America® (HFA) integrates research, theory, and practice describes nine articles that offer a contemporary snapshot of HFA research and practice, including four empirical articles presenting research and practice at the state, multi-state, or national level and the most comprehensive summary of HFA outcomes. It contrasts the history of child abuse prevention with progress in the fields of substance abuse and violence prevention. It presents arguments underscoring the critical importance of


This paper presents a new multiple leader-follower model that is a consistent extension of Stackelberg's leader-follower duopoly. The development contrasts with other existing extensions by demonstrating how the leader-firms can utilize the true reaction curve of the follower-firms; it also provides sufficient conditions for some useful convexity and differentiability properties of this function. For the proposed model, we conduct a static analysis and discuss the existence, uniqueness, and computation of an equilibrium solution, as well as study certain issues regarding the relative profits of leader and follower-firms. Since the Cournot oligopoly and the Stackelberg leader-follower models are special cases of this model, the analysis in this paper hopefully provides some further insights about these types of models.


Society's infatuation with new energy sources, while neglecting the role of energy currencies, has built false hopes and hidden opportunities.


Calamagrostis garhwalensis (Poaceae: Agrostidinae) described from northwestern India has been taxonomically controversial. The distinctiveness of this enigmatic and uncommon species is assessed and its taxonomic status partly clarified. Putative relationships among C. garhwalensis and its close relatives from northwestern India, such as C. emodensis , C. gamblei , C. stolizkai and the C. pseudophragmites complex are characterized with a morphometric analysis. The presence of rachilla extensions has been overstated as a diagnostic characteristic for C. garhwalensis . Specimens other than the type previously designated as C. garhwalensis belong in other species. New records of C. garhwalensis are reported from northwestern India and southwestern China.


Oriented inclusions of clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, sodic amphibole and rutile have been identified in garnet from the Lüliangshan garnet peridotite massif in the North Qaidam ultrahigh‐pressure metamorphic (UHPM) belt, northern Tibetan Plateau, NW China. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses demonstrate that nearly half of the measured intracrystalline clinopyroxene (8 out of 17) have topotactic crystallographic relationships with host garnet, that is, (100)Cpx//{112}Grt, (010)Cpx//{110}Grt and [001]Cpx//<111>Grt. One‐fifth of the oriented sodic amphibole (23 out of 110) inclusions of have topotactic crystallographic relationships with host garnet, that is, (010)Amp//{112}Grt, (100)Amp//{110}Grt and [001]Amp//<111>Grt. Over a third of rutile (36 out of 99) inclusions also show a close crystallographic orientation relationship with host garnet in that one <103>Rt and one <110>Rt parallel to two <111>Grt while the axes of [001]Rt exhibit small girdles centred the axes of <111>Grt. But, no 'well‐fit' crystallographic relationship was observed between orthopyroxene inclusions and host garnet. Considering a very long and complex history for the Lüliangshan garnet peridotite, we suggest that the low fit rates for these oriented minerals may result from several possible assumptions including different generations or multi‐stage formation mechanisms, heterogeneous nucleation and growth under non‐equilibrium conditions, and partial changes of initial crystallographic orientations of some inclusions. However, the residual quantitative 'well‐fit' crystallographic information is sufficient to indicate that the nucleation and growth of many pyroxene, amphibole and rutile are controlled by the lattice of the host garnet. The revealed close topotactic relationships accompanied by clear shape orientations provide quantitative microstructural evidence demonstrating a most likely exsolution/precipitate origin for at least some of the oriented phases of pyroxene, sodic amphibole and rutile from former majoritic garnet and support an ultra‐deep (>180 km depth) origin of the Lüliangshan garnet massif.


Problem of improving thrust at low speeds is primarily one of reducing angle of attack of operation of sections to improve L/D or reducing blade helix angle. An analysis, based on recent propeller data, is presented for determining improvements in thrust or efficiency which could be obtained by increased number of blades, increased blade width, increased diameter, dual rotation, and two-speed gearing. All methods were found very effective, particularly two-speed gearing.


Article history: Received March 2, 2012 Received in Revised form May, 8, 2012 Accepted 10 May 2012 Available online May 14 2012 Inter-organizational communication plays an important role in promoting strategic collaboration among firms. It can improve productivity and increases collaboration among employees. In this paper, we present an empirical study to measure the role of interorganizational communication on efficiency among administration employees who work for one the oldest banks in Iran, Bank Melli Iran. The study uses 380 full time employees who work for 28 different administration divisions of this bank. The survey uses a questionnaire consists of 19 questions about inter-organizational communication and 25 questions about efficiency of employees. The reliability of the survey has been approved using an initial survey and Cronbach alpha was calculated as 0.87, which is well above the minimum acceptable level. The result of our survey confirms there is a meaningful relationship between interorganizational communication and efficiency of all administration employees who work for this bank. There is also a meaningful relationship between age and efficiency and the maximum efficiency belongs to people aged 31 to 40. According to our survey, men have more interorganizational efficiency than women do. The result of our survey also confirms that positivism impacts more than other factors on efficiency. Among five effective factors, empathy has the most impact and responsiveness 6 efficiency dimensions. © 2012 Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved.


There are a variety of causes for hip pain in children, including slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), toxic synovitis, septic arthritis, Perthes disease, fracture, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Several of these processes can result in hip joint effusions. Although radiography is initially performed and is often diagnostic, the plain radiograph may be normal in the presence of a small joint effusion. Sonography can be used to determine whether an effusion is present and when deemed clinically appropriate, to guide a diagnostic or therapeutic arthrocentesis. When patients show signs of sepsis and effusion, an ultrasound-guided arthrocentesis can help differentiate between septic arthritis and toxic synovitis. In the evaluation of difficult cases, a bone scan or magnetic resonance imaging may be helpful to exclude the possibility of underlying osteomyelitis.


This study chronicles the contributions of Bill J. Priest under the headings of Board of Trustees governance model, multi-college district, quality first: facilities and staff, curriculum, counseling, public relations, telecourses and the Bill J. Priest Institute for Economic Development. Data were gathered from personal interviews, primary sources and secondary sources. The study includes an overview of the emergence and evolution of the junior college with specific focus on the conceptual beginnings of the Dallas County Community College District and the selection of its founding president, Bill Priest. Professional and personal profiles of Priest are documented as background for the study. Conclusions are that Bill Priest established the Dallas County Community College District as a national model of a multi-college district, was instrumental in affecting the change from junior college to comprehensive community college as the standard for two-year higher education institutions, played a significant role in setting the national agenda for the community college movement through his long-term participation in a leadership capacity in the American Association of Junior and Community Colleges and through the establishment and selection of leadership of the League for Innovation, was instrumental in the creation of the Associate Degree of Nursing, was a national leader in the establishment and development of telecourses as an instructional delivery system, was the forerunner in utilizing public relations and establishing it as a credible tool for institutions of higher learning, and brought the concept of counseling and advising as a vital part of student success to the two-year colleges in Texas.


The aim of our research is to identify what types of elements can be placed in post-nuclear positionin statements in Porteno River Plate Spanish (PRPS from now onwards), and to contrast this informationwith that which is already known about General British English (GBE from now onwards).Our study is based on the hypothesis that different types of elements can occur in post-nuclearposition in declarative sentences in PRPS. We believe that the Last Lexical Item Rule is not alwaysapplied in Spanish and that different types of syntactic elements can be deaccented in final positionin an intonation phrase.Our ultimate objective is to contrast the results of our research with that which is already provenof GBE. For this, we have taken into account the British School and its vast tradition, and thecontributions of renowned phoneticians such as R. Kingdon, C. Gussenhoven and A. Cruttenden.English intonation from the South of England has been thoroughly studied and the results areremarkably widespread, mainly in the bibliography of English didactics. However, the corpus ofresearch and of what has been published in terms of intonation contours of the PRPS is considerablysmaller. Our research aims at comparing the GBE and the PRPS, and identifying the differencesas far as nucleus placement is concerned only in declarative sentences. This research also aims atsingling out what items can be placed in post-nuclear position in declarative sentences in PRPS andcontrasting this information with that which is already known about GBE.We hope that the results of our study will help to enlighten the teaching-learning process ofEnglish phonology in teacher training colleges, as well as translation and interpreting programmesin our country.


Objectives]To understand the dynamic changes in expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) during different period of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injured retina and explore its specific role played in IR injury of retina. Multiple factors participate in IR injury, but ICAM-1 exerts special effects on leutonate cells and limphate cells.The rat model of IR injured retina was established by ligation of common carotid artery. Thirty-five SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups subjected to IR for1h,6h,12h,24h,48h and 72h respectively as well as the control group. In situ hybridization (ISH) method was used to detect the expression of ICAM-1 in rat retina.No ICAM-1 expression was found in retina 1 h after IR injury. It began to express in rat retina 6 h after IR injury, reaching its peak level at 24th hour. Then it declined gradually around 48th hour, but the expression still could be detected in rat retina 72 h after IR injury.[Conclusion]ICAM-1 may play an important role in IR injured rat retina.


A sufficient condition for a complete totally real minimal submanifold immersed in a complex projective space to be totally geodesic is given in terms of sectional curvature. 1. Statement of result. Let P1(C) be an n-dimensional complex projective space with the Fubini-Study metric of constant holomorphic sectional curvature c, and let M be an n-dimensional complete totally real minimal submanifold immersed in PJ,(C). The purpose of this paper is to prove THEOREM. If the sectional curvature of M is greater than (n 2)c/4(2n 1), then M is totally geodesic. The result for n = 2 was proved by S. T. Yau [3]. 2. Basic lemmas. We use the same notation and terminologies as in [1] unless otherwise stated. It was proved in [1] that the second fundamental form of the immersion satisfies (2Aiafl2 = 11V'aj12 + E (hm* hm* Rk + hm* hm* R,k1k) + I E tr (Ai* Aj* -AAj* Ai* )+ IaII2. 2i,j4 On the one hand, using the equation of Gauss we obtain 2 (h7* hmk,l ijk + h7* hm* Rkjk) (2) =1W 4 a2 +1 2~tr(Ai*Ai *-Aj*Ai*) (trAi*Aj*) On the other hand, Yau's idea in [4] can be applied as follows: For each m, let hm, ..., hm be the eigenvalues of Am*. Then we have Received by the editors March 11, 1975. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 53C40.


Use of Discount Airline Fares and Teleticketing Would Help Save on Government Travel Expenses. U.S. General Accounting Office, Washington, D.C. 20548. July 21, 1978. 51 p. This report summarizes the results of a review of financial and administrative controls used by Federal agencies to ensure that employee air travel costs are minimized. It shows that Federal agencies annually have spent millions of dollars unnecessarily to provide their employees with commercial air travel. The report includes recommendations for utilizing available time and group discounts, and for increasing the use of teleticketing machines. Order from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.


Tortuous saphenous vein graft (SVG) hemodynamics was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. Computed tomography (CT) technology is used for noninvasive bypass graft assessment seven days after surgery. CT investigation shows two regions with severe shape remodeling, one is an angle type contortion and the other one is a sharp curvature with tortuous area reduction. The numerical analysis carefully examines the effect of an SVG geometry remodeling through flow separation, particle deposition, and wall shear stress (WSS). During the cardiac cycle, overall pressure drop increases from 2.6mmHg to 4.4mmHg. In the accelerating part of the systolic phase, particles released in the inlet section move downstream toward the first narrowed part (elbow type contortion) with a helical motion. WSS range along the cardiac cycle varies from 2Pa to 42Pa, enough to damage the endothelial cells. Vessel torsion induced helical flow can reduce the flow disturbance and separation. Additionally, in the distal end of the graft, the high particle concentrations can promote the inflammatory processes in the vessels.


We justify the Hamilton least action principle for the Maxwell-Lorentz equations with Abraham's rotating extended electron. The main novelty in the proof is application of the variational Poincare equations on the Lie group SO(3). The variational equations allow to derive the corresponding conservation laws from general Noether theory of invariants.


Cycloid gear is a special type of gear used in precision transmission system. For example, the mechanical watch movement requires not involute gear train but cycloid gear train owing to the very small size and large transmission ratio, in which the gear modules vary from 0.12mm to 0.0625mm and the maximum transmission ratio is 12. As we all know, the mechanical watch is a precise machine and the power transfer in the watch main train should be kept stable for the timekeeping performance. A three dimensional (3D) model of gear main train system, which includes all the gears, pinions and escapement, is developed. The multi-body dynamic simulation technique is utilized to analyze the influence of torque transmission fluctuation in the cycloid gear train on the vibration cycle of escapement in detail. In practical meshing condition, the misalignment errors are inevitable, the influence of which is obvious due to the gear module in main train is very small. All possible misalignment errors in cycloid gear train are analyzed in the analysis model. Algorithm for computing torque transmission (power flow) is presented, which is directly based on multi-body simulation result and is different from other approximation methods. Thus with the influence of misalignment errors, the variance of torque transmission is calculated. For reducing the cycloid gear train's sensitivity to misalignment errors and achieving the precision transmission, the combined wheel tooth modification approach is put forward, i.e. wheel tooth modification in profile direction and in longitudinal direction. It could be seen clearly that with the combined wheel tooth modification, the fluctuation of torque transmission in the cycloid gear train is decreased and the transmission efficiency is improved.Copyright © 2007 by ASME


i.e., if and only if the original conjugate net is isothermally conjugate. We may state our result as follows: A necessary and sufficient condition that a conjugate net of curves on a surface be isothermally conjugate is that at each point of the surface the pair of axis tangents, the pair of associate conjugate tangents, and the pair of anti-ray tangents be pairs of the same involution. By means of the various nets of curves defined in the course of the above interpretation, we have been enabled to deduce a number of properties of isothermally conjugate nets. We have included this more extended discussion in a longer paper, which is a sequel to the one on conjugate nets to which reference has already been made.


Various issues have been encountered in the removal work of existing piles, such as existing piles being left in the ground, the subsidence of the surrounding ground and the deterioration of the gr...


Clustering by fast search and find of density peaks (CFSFDP) is honored by its simplicity and speed. However, the hyper-parameter $d_{c}$ can only be determined through empirical experience, and for those datasets containing points that are closer to other cluster center, the algorithm does not perform well. In this work, we proposed a new method called Improved CFSFDP (I-CFSFDP), which makes two modifications compared to CFSFDP. Firstly, a new indicator for density is introduced to eliminate the effect of $d_{c}$ on clustering results. Secondly, cluster diffusion model was proposed to cluster remaining points after finding cluster centers. When regarding datasets as graphs, this process can be abstracted as finding the minimum spanning forest model in a graph, and each spanning tree represents a cluster in the dataset. I-CFSFDP is comprehensively evaluated on several datasets with arbitrary distribution and has demonstrated that I-CFSFDP is distinctly more accurate and robust than CFSFDP and DBSCAN.


Study background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate recent strategies for anti-infective treatment in patients suffering from ventilator-associated respiratory infections caused by P. aeruginosa and to assess the riskbenefit profile of inhaled tobramycin.Methods: Electronic health records of patients suffering from respiratory infections caused by P. aeruginosa from 2011-2014 were retrospectively screened.Results: In 81 patients, P. aeruginosa was found in respiratory secretions, of which 26 patients suffered from ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), whereas 55 patients only fulfilled criteria of ventilator-associated tracheitis (VAT). Inhaled tobramycin was used in 14 patients with VAP and 31 patients with VAT. In this context, inhaled tobramycin was shown to be safe (e.g. no bronchoconstriction or systemic toxicity) and did not result in an increase of tobramycin resistant strains in respiratory secretions at 90 days following study inclusion. However, a clear clinical benefit (e.g. reduced need for i.v. antibiotics) could not be shown.\Conclusion: Inhaled tobramycin was shown to be a suitable approach with a favorable risk profile to treat patients suffering from respiratory infections (VAP, VAT) caused by P. aeruginosa. The clinical benefit needs to be reevaluated in a larger prospective investigation.


Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound is an imaging technique that developed on the basis of relatively improved three-dimensional imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasound technology.It has distinctive superiority in evaluating blood supply and internal structure of hepatic tumors or organs.Presently,the research about the 3D-CEUS still belongs to the exploration stage.Therefore,this article aims to make a systematic review of the clinical application with 3D-CEUS based on the information available.


The 1999 Pressure Equipment Regulations will be fully integrated into UK law this month. This article considers the ramifications of the new legislation for UK process and chemical engineering organisations.


There is no current consensus of the genus- and species-level alpha taxonomy of phytosaurs. Several biological factors - taxonomic variation, ontogeny, pathology/taphonomy, sexual dimorphism and intra-specific variation - can be recognized in phytosaurs, but have been ignored by most workers. This paper gives an overview of these factors and examples of how to evaluate them when examining low-level phytosaur taxonomy.


Continuous seismic profiler recordings over the continental shelf northeast of Newfoundland show an accumulation of unconsolidated sediments ranging in thickness from 30 to 150 m, unconformably over-lying bedrock that dips gently eastward toward the continental slope. The distribution of these unconsolidated sediments indicates that the banks that compose the 'shelf-edge rise' are not primarily morainal material, but rather they are areas of positive relief on the bedrock surface. Anomalous strike-dip relationships associated with these bank areas suggest that they may also have structural significance. The underlying bedrock layers are truncated by the continental slope, and there is reversal in the dip of these layers from eastward to westward beneath the slope. The axial zone of the resulting fold apparently coincides very nearly with the axis of a large magnetic anomaly that extends along the continental margin in this region. A Tertiary to post-Tertiary age is suggested for the fold, as well as the s...


Abstract Lime leachability is one of the major concerns in the utilization of fly ashes for many applications since it affects the long term durability and performance. In this paper lime leachability behaviors of two low lime fly ashes have been studied using specially fabricated moulds under continuous leaching conditions. The leachability of each fly ash with different lime and gypsum contents added to improve the pozzolanic activity has been studied after curing the compacted specimen for 7 and 14 days. It is observed that, the ratio of lime leached to the total lime added decreases with increase in the lime content. The leachability of lime from fly ashes reduces significantly in the presence of gypsum. The reduction in the lime leachability has been attributed to the formation of calcium silicate hydrate. The steep reduction in the presence of gypsum is due to the formation of calcium aluminate silicate hydrate apart from calcium silicate hydrate. Good correlations have been observed between the lime leachability ratio and various geotechnical properties, viz., soaked unconfined compressive strength, compressibility and hydraulic conductivity.


Mediation has only recently been formally embraced in Russia. Though parties have long been encouraged to settle their disputes outside court, the use of mediators has been authorized only since January 2011, when the Russian law on mediation went into effect. Judicial officials hoped that the introduction of mediation would diminish the punishing caseload by diverting cases. Scholars and community activists hoped that mediation would open a route to greater societal harmony by allowing disputants a greater role in resolving their own problems. Significant sums were poured into creating mediation centers across Russia, many of which organized


A method for hybrid regression is developed in this paper. The method uses the new definition of weighted intervals. The proposed method extends group of initial data membership functions as it can be applied to (L-R) fuzzy numbers. For reliability evaluation of hybrid regression models the standard deviation, a hybrid correlation coefficient, a hybrid standard error of estimate are defined. The numerical example has demonstrated that the developed hybrid regression model can be used for analysis of relations among linguistic variables with success.


As the requirements in terms of crystal defect/quality and production yield are generally contradictory, it is necessary to develop methods in order to find the best compromise for the growth conditions of a given crystal. Simple growth-rate/temperature-gradient charts are a possible tool in this respect. After the recall of the classical analytical equations useful for describing the process and defect engineering, a simple pedagogic case explains the building and use of such charts. The more complex application to the directional casting of photovoltaic Si necessitated the development of new physical models for twinning and equiaxed growth. This allowed plotting charts that proved useful for industrial applications. The conclusions discuss the drawbacks and advantages of the method. It finally proves to be a pedagogic tool for teaching crystal growth engineering.


The article aims to understand the phenomena of practicing madhhab in the Tablighi Jamaat (TJ) community in Southeast Asia, particularly in Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The article also investigates the madhhab negotiation between TJ members and local people where the dawah occurs in a specific context. The article also looks at changes in religious educational program developed by TJ members that tend to be informal religious education. The majority of informal religious education surrounding TJ communities is tahfiz school (memorizing the Quran). TJ members are more interested in sending their children to tahfiz school than informal school and later become Islamic priests (kyai). They are not interested to semade their children take the university level. Besides, the article also concerns exploring another role of TJ in a socio-political context where they become facilitators to overcome the Pattani Muslim conflict with the Thai government. This research was conducted for a year in 2017-2018 (March 2017-April 2018) in three countries using ethnography approach during the process of collecting data by directly involved in Tablighi Jamaat activities. The mothed of collecting data used in this research was qualitative with observative participative technique, deep interview, and documentation. The result of the research shows that Jamaah Tabligh was successful negotiating the madhhab they believe to Muslim community with different Islamic point of view. Moreover, the shifting of education orientation was emerging in TJ community, the focus was on religious exegesis without paying attention on another aspect of education for their children. Parents of TJ have pride to be called a father of a hafiz than a doctor. Another finding was Jamaah Tablig have prominent role as a reconciliatory in Pattani, South Thailand that they earned trust from Thailand Government. Amid the deadlock of reconciliation of local Muslim who want to separate from the state of Thailand with regression that created violence, bombing and arresting the activist, Jamaah tablig was there as their guarantor.


On the basis of the trilemma index,the paper tried the methods including the Co-integration,Bootstrap without replacement and Error Correction Model to test: in the context of RMB regionalization whether the impossible trinity is suitable for China's case and the influence on the independence of monetary policy. We found that with the right combination of the three policy positions,the trilemma principle was suitable. In terms of the influence on monetary policy independence,we found that larger the elasticity of exchange rate regime and the level of capital account openness,the greater of monetary policy independence in the long term. In the short term,the influence of exchange rate regime on monetary policy independence was statistically non significant while the influence of Capital account openness was significant. Besides,the higher level of capital account openness,the greater the monetary independence.


The general objectives of this study were to develop, fabricate, and evaluate a marker system which would function successfully for a visual flight rule (VFR) flyway. The specific study objectives include the following: 1. Evaluate the marker and light systems presently available which could function successfully for a VFR flyway. 2. Develop and fabricate a prototype flyway marker which will function in the field environment. 3. Conduct primary field evaluations of the flyway marker. 4. Prepare a final report for the study.


There are many possible connections between law and polity, some of which are trivial and some which are philosophically contested. The article distinguishes different ways in which there might be a necessary connection between law and polity and offers an account of the concept of polity. In its most abstract sense, a polity can be understood as a community of people, which has a governance structure that members identify with, and which is governed by extensive demands of social justice. The article then moves on to discuss the strongest sense in which there might be a necessary normative connection between law and polity: the idea that the legitimacy of law depends on the existence of a genuine polity, one that possesses certain morally valuable characteristics. It argues that such a strong connection between law and polity faces a challenge: it is either under-inclusive, failing to capture much of contemporary international law, or stretches the notion of a polity to breaking point.


Play at work is not a contradiction in terms. Rather, distinctions between work and play are becoming less clear as more jobs involve expertise and microcomputers. This paper starts by describing play, its motives, and its consequences. Then the paper focuses on computer-based activities and suggests guidelines for activities and situations where play can enhance productivity. These guidelines should interest both software designers and those who choose software. The guidelines also generalize to work without computers.


The invention relates to a take-up security protection apparatus for a stranding machine. The apparatus comprises telescopic adjusting pull rods arranged at two sides of a take-up stand. The end portion of one adjusting pull rod at one side is provided with an elastic pushing device and a sudden-stop button connected with equipment. A turning iron capable triggering turning on and turning off of the sudden-stop button is hinged to the adjusting pull rod; one turning arm of the turning iron is contacted with the telescopic adjusting pull rod and the other turning arm is connected with a protection rope; and the other end of the protection rope is connected with the adjusting pull rod at the other side. And a gap is left between the protection rope and a wire coil. With the apparatus, when someone is clamped by a stranded wire, the switch of the stranding machine is triggered and thus rotation of the wire coil is stopped, thereby preventing an occurrence of the accident.


Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are a new type of nanomaterial with strong optical absorption. SWNTs also have intense Raman signals that facilitate convenient monitoring of their location within tissue thereby enabling noninvasive pharmacokinetic study. We hypothesize that SWNTs can absorb 785-nm laser light and generate significant local hyperthermia to destroy cancer cells and eradicate tumors. In this study a 785-nm diode laser is used for both Raman excitation and photothermal therapy. SWNTs are made water-soluble by functionalizing with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and administrated by intratumoral injection. C3H/HeN mice were injected subcutaneously with 2 million mouse squamous cell carcinoma (SCCVII) cells to create the tumor model. We conducted experiments with 100 mice divided into 10 different groups: control, SWNT only, 100 mW/cm2 laser irradiation only, 200 mW/cm2 laser irradiation only, and 6 treatment groups with different drug and light dose combinations (SWNTs 0.1, 0.5. 1 mg/ml, laser 100 and 200 mW/cm2). The treatment time was 10 minutes. The temperatures of the tumors irradiated by laser were monitored by an IR thermometer. Mice survival was observed for 45 days. The study revealed that the temperature within the tumors increased in a light- and drug-dose dependent manner. The optimized light and drug dose combinations (1 mg/ml + 120 J/cm2) resulted in tumor temperature elevation of 18.5°C and successful eradication of the tumors. This light dose is moderate and is as low as 1/10 of other published studies using nanomaterials. The Raman spectroscopy measurements suggest that SWNTs persisted within the tumor tissue for months.


Computer Networks have come a long way since the primitive Internet designed to enable a few computers at CERN to communicate with each other. Overlay Networks have emerged as one of the more imaginative ways to harness the underlying network for efficient content distribution and data sharing, faster searches and reliable communications, etc. Scaffold is a technique to build an overlay network for faster data discovery by studying the metadata present in the network, which is a-priori captured in a hypercube, called the Info-Cube. Scaffold triggers the network to build specific overlays in the form of Spanning Trees, making use of the Info-Cubes present in the nodes. Scaffold is designed to enable the network to form multiple overlays dynamically without centralized control. This makes the system self-configuring and enables the network to manage the overlay formation in a distributed fashion.


56 Background: Previous case reports found that delirium-induced disinhibition may lead to overexpression of symptoms. Our aim was to determine the effect of delirium on the reporting of symptom severity in pts with advanced cancer.

METHODS
We reviewed 329 consecutive pts admitted to the APCU without a diagnosis of delirium from Jan 2011-Dec 2011. Demographics, Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS), ECOG, Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) on 2 time points were collected. Pts who developed delirium and those who did not develop delirium during the entire course of admission were compared using Chi-Squared test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Paired t-test was used to assess if the change of ESAS from baseline to follow-up was associated with delirium.

RESULTS
96/329 (29%) of pts developed delirium during their admission to the APCU. The median time to delirium was 2 days. There was no difference in the length of stay in the APCU for both groups. Table 1 shows the changes in the ESAS scores of the two groups from baseline to follow-up. Pts who did not have delirium expressed improvement in all their symptoms while those who developed delirium during the hospitalization showed no improvement in physical symptoms and worsening in depression, anxiety, appetite and wellbeing.

CONCLUSIONS
Pts with delirium reported no improvement or worsening symptoms as compared to pts without delirium. Screening for delirium is important in pts who continue to report worsening symptoms despite appropriate management. [Table: see text].


Coal fly ash, a waste generated in a coal-fired electric power plant, was used to synthesize zeolite by hydrothermal treatment with NaOH solution. This zeolite was used as adsorbent to investigate the adsorption kinetics and isotherm parameters of the reactive orange 16 (RO16) dye from aqueous solutions at different concentrations (1.3-15.4 mg L-1). Three kinetic models, the pseudo-first-order, second-order, and intraparticle diffusion were used to predict the adsorption rate constants. The kinetics of adsorption of the RO16 dye followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The adsorption isotherm data were closely fitted to the Langmuir equation. Keywords: coal fly ash; zeolite; reactive dye adsorption.


Some steps and basic methods about three- dimensional solid modeling based on Pro/ENGINEER are introduced..It is emphasized that the three- dimensional solid design is the foundation of parametric design,and the lively visual impression can be available for the designer.


The relations of states are marred by divisions between its primary units, states. It is rare to find states that are more than just superficially similar. These differences, though, do not mean that any group of people are more or less important than another, simply they reflect the diversity that exists in the world. Many of these differences are selfimposed or in other words, created by the social distinctions that we place on ourselves. One such example is the apparent distinction between developed and underdeveloped states. Currently there is a massive divide between rich and powerful states and those that make up the remainder, who have weak economies and little influence globally. At the same time, this divide can be traced to the regional and historical differences amongst states. The global North is home to a disproportionate number of "developed" states, while in the South, underdevelopment is a common occurrence. This reality can be traced through history following the search for new worlds and resources. Many of the states in the North were colonial powers in the past, searching out riches from the South. A pattern of exploitation developed that continues to exist today. Following the end of colonialism, it was commonly believed that the states of the South would be able to "catch up" to their Northern counterparts. Certainly, many Southern states were able to develop quickly and establish independent and strong socio-economic structures. However, many did not and are still struggling to do so today.


Objective To evaluate the effect of PAP smear and HPV Test in the diagnosis of cervical diseases. Methods Patients with abnormal cervical lesions were detected by Thinprep cytology test and high risk HPV test simultaneously. 380 abnormal cases were diagnosed with pathologically, sensitivity of the two methods were compared.Results 211 cases were positive in PAP smear, whose sensitivity was 55.53%, whereas 329 cases were positive in HPV, whose sensitivity was 86.58%, the difference of sensitivity was significant (P 0.05). Conclusion The difference between PAP smear and high risk HPV test was significant; The combination of PAP smear and high risk HPV test can improve detective rate and accuracy and can decrease false negative rate.


The present invention discloses a dual servo motor and a multi-link press working methods, belonging to the technical field of mechanical forging. It comprises: a rack and work by force transmission mechanism, wherein: the rack provided on the outside by force transmission mechanism. Mechanism of the present invention is simple, easy to control, the working stroke of the slide speed changes smoothly, while with respect to the conventional servo press significantly reduces the power requirements of the servo motor output torque and better structural strength and stability, anti-side load capability stronger, more suitable for building large tonnage servo press.


Overview: The manuscript "The Roland von Glasow Air-Sea-Ice Chamber (RvG-ASIC): an experimental facility for studying ocean/sea-ice/atmosphere interactions" by M. Thomas and co-authors describes the experimental sea ice chamber at the University of East Anglia. The manuscript provides a thorough overview of the design and capabilities of the Chamber and it's attendant infrastructure. A series of experimental test runs have been carried out to benchmark the chamber behavior against mass balance, 1D models and to interrogate the internal consistency of instruments, including the techniques for measuring ice thickness. The manuscript is well-written and clearly


Thirty five Slovak households were selected for an investigation of indoor environmental quality. Measuring of indoor air physical and chemical factors and a questionnaire survey was performed during May 2017. The range of permissible operative temperature was not met in 11% of objects. Relative humidity met the legislative requirements in all monitored homes. Concentrations of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) were significantly higher in the apartments than in the family houses. The average TVOC levels in the apartments and family houses were 519.7 µg/m3 and 330.2 µg/m3, respectively. Statistical analysis confirmed the effect of indoor air temperature, relative humidity and particulate matter (PM0.5 and PM1) on the levels of TVOCs. Higher TVOC levels were observed also in homes where it is not a common practice to open windows during cleaning activities. Other factors that had a statistically significant effect on concentrations of volatile organic compounds were heating type, attached garage, location of the apartment within residential building (the floor), as well as number of occupants. Higher TVOC concentrations were observed in indoor than outdoor environment, while further analysis showed the significant impact of indoor emission sources on the level of these compounds in buildings. The questionnaire study showed a discrepancy between objective measurement and subjective assessment in the household environment, and pointed to insufficient public awareness about volatile organic compounds (VOCs).


In this paper, we present a novel approach to compact the representation, called Combined Bit Map (CBM), which compresses the RDF data and allows the search for the specific terms using Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Since GPUs have limited memory size, using the CBM structure enables us to put more RDF data in the GPU memory. Further, since GPUs contain many processing elements, utilizing them concurrently will speed up the RDF query processing. The experimental results show that the proposed representation can reduce the size of original RDF data by 70 percent. Furthermore, the search time on such a representation using the GPU is 60 times faster compared to the conventional search time.


he Raspberry Pi has become a popular platform for teaching students about embedded systems. There are many potential applications including environmental sensing, process control, and security. At the same time, there has been significant growth in the software ecosystem for utilizing embedded systems in practical applications. We select a specific use case based on deploying cameras for the surveillance of physical spaces. Though there are multiple tools available, we chose an all-Python-based workflow for the sake of simplicity. We describe the use of Django, a Python-based open-source web framework. We created a surveillance application where a camera attached to a Raspberry Pi collects images and transmits them to a cloud-based service. We used the Google Cloud Platform for its cost and simplicity. Educational institutions and students will benefit from the design and implementation of our system. Though we describe the process for image data, any sensory stream can be used in a similar manner. Our framework can also be used for any remote monitoring application.


The Labour party was eventually persuaded to back a second referendum. This was a historic mistake which led to defeat in the General Election, says Michael Wilkinson (LSE). Labour should have respected the vote to Leave and offered a platform for change based on a future outside of the European Union. Thursday's General Election was a bad day for the Labour party. It spelled the end of Remainism and signalled a historic defeat for the left. There needs to be serious reflection on all of this because the repercussions are severe and wide-ranging, and broader lessons must be learned, not just for the UK but elsewhere. It turned out, contrary to much expert assessment, that the 2016 referendum was, in fact, binding. The left failed to grasp this, and the underlying disconnect it signified.


Cervical cancer ranks second worldwide. It is estimated that in Brazil some 17,540 new cases occur every year, or rather, 17 cases for every 100,000 females. HPV viruses may be found in about 90% of cervical cancer cases. It is highly important to take into consideration the presence of the virus in patients with cervical cancer. Papanicolaou test has been the main tool to detect and diagnose cervical cancer cases even though other methods, such as colposcopy, immunohistochemical staining, in situ hybridization, PCR and Southern Blot, may be employed. Molecular markers also help in the diagnosis of cancer. They distinguish high and low degree lesions and evaluate progression risk and regression chances. Protein p53, MIB-1, MYC, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70 are among the markers already detected, with special reference to ProEx C which may be compared to p16, the most routinely used marker. Treatment is based on surgery, radiotherapy, antiviral drugs and other agents such as interferon. Since cervical cancer is highly focused at present, current analysis forwards the main topics related to the disease, featuring development, diagnosis, treatment and molecular markers which made easy diagnosis, clinical follow-up and treatment of cancer.


Abstract Although partial equilibrium analysis dominates agricultural policy modelling, there are instances where a broader economy‐wide approach is more appropriate. Accordingly, this paper uses a global general equilibrium framework, provided by the GTAP model, to assess the domestic and international implications of the Common Agricultural Policy. In character with this type of model, the shuffling of global resources induced by the CAP is shown to lead to significant structural changes in the economies of all regions, particularly with respect to trade flows. Net welfare impacts, arising from efficiency and terms of trade effects, are smaller in comparison, with the European Union worse off by 0.8% and the world by 0.4%. It is argued that applied general equilibrium modelling is deserving of greater attention.


Artificial intelligence with its fifth industrial revolution is fast griping the African continent. The emergence and adoption of artificial intelligence applications and systems is fast becoming a normal trend in emerging markets landscape across Africa. This paper is borne out of the need to identify challenges that professional grapple with in their quest to surmount the challenges posed by the realities of artificial intelligence applications in Africa. The study adopted the thematic style in presenting the challenges as well as the prospects of artificial intelligence applications for the accounting professional in emerging market. Some of the challenges of artificial intelligence application identified in this study include: complex algorithms, reduced investment, and software failure, lack of political will and limitations amongst others. On the other hand, opportunities of artificial intelligence in emerging market include transportation automation, technological cyborgs and robotic companions amongst others. From the findings, accounting professional are advised to strive harder in order to beat competition by delivering quality services to her clients through harnessing opportunities for rebranding, reengineering and radically improving the business and investment decisions which is the ultimate purpose of the profession. More so, they are encouraged to develop a novel set of proficiency revolving around data in the profession


Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new virus that can be contagious and its worst effects can lead to death. COVID-19 first appeared in Wuhan, China until it finally spread throughout the country, one of which is Indonesia. The spread of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia itself is quite rapid until finally the World Health Organization (WHO) designates COVID-19 cases as pandemics. Based on current conditions, this paper discuss about predict positive case data of COVID-19 at five locations in East Java (Malang City, Batu City, Pasuruan Regency, Malang Regency, Pasuruan City) using a space-time model namely Generalized Space-Time Autoregressive (GSTAR). Considering that COVID-19 is very easy to spread not only depending on the time but also the proximity between locations, the GSTAR method is good enough to be used to predict the assumption of parameters between heterogeneous locations. The estimation used is OLS with the location weight of cross-correlation normalization. The results of this study obtained the GSTAR(21)-OLS model is the best model to predict the number of positive cases of COVID-19 in.five locations in East Java by weighting the normalization of cross-correlation based on the smallest RMSE value in data out sample. Forecast results for the next 10 days of positive cases of COVID-19 in.all five locations show not very significant changes. © 2022 Author(s).


The public sector financial management reforms being adopted by many countries, such as South Africa, have encouraged the adoption of private-sector management style, such as debt management, within the state-owned corporations. The reform agenda on debt financing is that state-owned corporations should face competitive conditions regarding access to finance. To highlight on the achievements of these reforms, this study explored the questions as to whether the drivers of debt financing within state-owned corporations in South Africa are similar to those of private-sector corporations. Applying a hybrid of cross sectional and longitudinal quantitative surveys, a panel data regression model was used to analyse data from 26 income-generating state-owned corporations in South Africa for the eight-year period 2007-2014 using the generalized method of moments (GMM). The results identified the main determinants of debt financing within the state-owned corporations in South Africa to include asset tangibility, corporation's growth and liquidity.


ment mechanisms, Quality of Service (QoS) and Quality of Experience (QoE) management, network security and many other tasks.1 On the industrial side, AI is slowly complementing traditional networking approaches worldwide: Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and start-ups are developing AI solutions to deal with specific use cases, traditional networking vendors are evolving their products to support AI tools, and major cloud/software providers are adapting AI tools to be used in the networking domain. This is also the case for telephone service providers (telcos), which are exploring the application of AI algorithms through internal research and innovation (R&I) projects. For instance, our group is working on AI-based approaches in many use-cases focusing on realistic environments and applications (for example, Kattadige et al.2 and Perino property inference or data reconstruction attacks, and adversarial learning, can reveal different aspects of the data used (for example, which specific users' data were used for model training), the values of their data attributes, and even user patterns such as their mobility or browsing behavior. Therefore, the use of AI techniques can impact user privacy more strongly than traditional data analysis methods since AI models can distill information from multiple data sources and infer rich patterns regarding et al.5), partially in collaboration with other European partners in the context of European R&I actions.b What about my privacy? AI models and tools are potentially vulnerable, and their usage introduces new attack vectors for telco environments. For instance, membership and


Diversity of ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages and sub‐assemblages was compared between reafforested woodland, grassland, and intensively cultivated fields at Chongli County in Northern China. An array of eight pitfall traps per plot was used to sample the beetles on four replicate plots for each habitat. Replanted conifer woodland and semi‐natural grassland harbored very similar beetle assemblages. These had significantly lower rarefied species numbers than the distinctly different assemblages recorded in cultivated fields, with differences in alpha diversity being less pronounced for large and predatory species. Carabid activity‐density levels were higher in both woodland and grassland than in fields, with this trend being most pronounced for predatory and large species. To conserve high levels of gamma diversity, it is important to maintain a mosaic of agricultural areas and semi‐natural habitats. The latter also form a potential source for predatory species important in pest control. It appears that woodland‐specific species are rare in the study area, or they have not been able to reach and colonize the newly established woodland sites. It can also be concluded that morphological and ecological traits allow important insights into underlying ecological principles of overall diversity patterns.


The main objective for installing doors in buildings is to provide easy access to the building as well as conserving the indoor thermal environment. Large supermarket chains attract high footfall and doors are designed to cope with a large influx of people. Access and egress in supermarkets are achieved through the same doors, hence keeping doors open for a substantial amount of time and creating the perfect environment for uncontrolled ventilation. Supermarkets install wind lobbies at the front of main entrance/exit doors to reduce uncontrolled ventilation; however, little research has been done regarding the operational effectiveness of wind lobbies. To understand the pattern of heat flow across doorways within a typical wind lobby, a Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model was constructed to examine the interaction between indoor and outdoor environment. The dimensions of the wind lobby and doorways in the CFD model were based on an actual and fully operational store and include an air curtain. Preliminary results from the CFD simulation suggest that the air curtain is not as effective in limiting uncontrolled ventilation when external wind speed is 5 m.s -1 and temperature is 0 oC when compared to external wind speed of 1 m.s -1 and 5 oC. Further analyses to include quantitative evaluation of heat loss for different wind lobby and air curtain configurations.


Low Power VLSI circuit has become important criterion for designing the energy efficient electronic designs for high performance and portable devices. In the majority of DSP application the critical operations are the multiplication. Multiplier is the most useful operation required in many hardware computations. Efficient implementation of multipliers is required in many applications. Functioning of a system depends on the performance of multiplier thus multipliers to be fast and consume less area in hardware. In this paper, comparative study of different multipliers is done.


For the effect of porous media on dew point pressure of condensate gas,different researchers have different or even contrary conclusions.Up to now,there is no theory that can well explain this contradictory phenomenon.Based on a large amount of research on effect of porous media on phase change in condensate gas reservoir,and experimental research is carried out and result shows that porous media has effect on dew point pressure of condensate gas.Two theoretical models for dew point pressure calculation are established,one of which considers effect of capillary pressure and the other considers adsorption in porous media.Calculations are performed for condensate gas of Baimiao and Qiaokou blocks in Zhongyuan Oilfield and simulated condensate gas fluid.Result shows that capillary pressure and adsorption phenomenon have effects on dew point pressure of condensate gas


To improve the capability of radiation control with new devices,an active modulator at terahertz frequencies is designed with metamaterials.The structure under investigation is three dimensional.By adjusting the bias voltage applied on the substrate,the carrier recombination as well as the effective electromagnetic parameters are effectively altered,and the modulation of the structure is realized.The research shows that the modulator can control and operate THz radiation effectively and in real-time.The transmission modulation reaches 75% with the frequency shift more than 0.1 THz,which is better than that of structures with two dimensional designs,providing a novel way to construct new types of THz devices.


In order to enhance the efficiency of hydroelectric unit commitment,an artificial immune algorithm(AIA) simulating biological immune systems and its approach are presented in this paper.Several artificial immune operators producing new antibodies are proposed.Simulation result for hydroelectric system with 12 units show that AIA is more efficient than Genetic Algorithm(GA) in the speed and performance of solution.