Disputes on the foundations of Quantum Mechanics often involve the conception of reality, without a clear definition on which aspect of this broad concept of reality one refers. We provide an overview of conceptions of reality in classical physics, in philosophy of science and in Quantum Mechanics and its interpretations and analyse their differences and subtleties. Structural realism as conception in philosophy of science will turn out to be a promising candidate to settle old problems regarding the conception of reality in Quantum Mechanics. We amend the analysis of three main interpretations and their relation to structural realism by three well-known informational approaches in the interpretations of Quantum Mechanics. Last we propose an additional class of structural realism supported by QBism.


A study is reported in which head and neck measurements of infants and young children representative of the U.S. population were taken to provide the Consumer Product Safety Commission with size and shape data needed for standards on safe designs of cribs, beds, expandable gates, and other products hazardous for young children. The 490-page final report of the study shows scatter plots of measurement values versus age, along with statistical results for 34 manual measurements by subject group. The report also presents coordinate values and full-size plots of anatomical landmark and head contour points for the small, average, and large subject in each of 4 age groups. A few of those results re-presented here.


Using cold working fastener holes is a simple life enhancement procedure that strengthens metallic components by retarding crack growth around a hole. In the present paper, the residual stress field that is induced by the hole expansion process is obtained based on different material models namely elastic perfect plastic, isotropic hardening and kinematic hardening using three-dimensional finite element method. Moreover, crack closure analysis was performed following introduction of residual stress. The effect of modeling parameters such as percent of cold work, remote tensile stress and crack length is considered. Crack closure analysis indicates that the material model would affects normalized crack opening loads especially at low level of remote tensile stress where small scale yielding is dominant. Cold work simulation results indicate that the residual stress variation through the thickness is considerable. At low stress level, the effect of material behavior model is considerable and at high stress levels the crack opening load is dropped. Moreover, increasing the cold work interference percent results in a higher and deeper compressive residual stress.


In today's competitive marketplace, improving the management of engineering changes in new product development can reduce enterprise costs, shorten development times, and improve product quality. While previous studies have proposed engineering change management frameworks, these were based on deficient engineering change management standards. More importantly, these studies failed to apply engineering change management standards within specific industries. This study presents a novel engineering change management framework based on Configuration Management II (CMII) standards and industrial applications. This framework considers the addition of full-track or fast-track processes to solve fundamental product functionality or quality problems within a specific industry. To evaluate the effectiveness of this novel CMII-based engineering change management framework, this study applies the framework in a case study of a major Taiwan motorcycle manufacturer. Finally, we present the performance evaluation-based results of this framework and discuss the value of its managerial guidelines and implications.


This article describes the algebraic approach to Constraint Satisfaction Problem that led to many developments in both CSP and universal algebra. No prior knowledge of universal algebra is assumed.


The paper argues in favor of reestablishing sociological or social economics as a legitimate discipline of economic science. Conspires toward undertaking analyses of the social co‐determination of economic behaviors, variables and systems. Suggests the need for incorporation of sociological/social economics in the existing semi‐official (JEL) taxonomy of economic fields and subjects. The argument for sociological economics can be made on two grounds: ontological or empirical‐historical and epistemological or theoretical‐methodological ones. The article bases the argument for sociological economics on the former, i.e., the empirical‐historical social co‐determination of the economy. The relations of sociological economics to sociology of economics are specified and the implications of sociological/social economics for modern economic science are also discussed.


The present invention relates to a cryostat (1) for analyzing a sample in a vacuum. The cryostat comprises a cold finger (2), this cooling finger, the finger portion (14), and a rigidly linked base portion with respect to the finger portion (10), the. Cryostat, further comprising a sample support (32), finger portion (14) is disposed in a vacuum chamber (4) inside. Vacuum chamber (4) it is partly formed by integral hollow member (6). Sample support (32) is disposed within the opening cavity (46). Vacuum chamber (4), by a cryostat body having a through hole for passing a finger portion (14) (30) (8), it is formed.


CFD analysis has been done to predict the heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of smooth, internally finned and ribbed tubes for various flow conditions to compute the wall temperature, outlet temperature and Nusselt number. Wall temperature and Nusselt number as a function of optimum fin height, fin numbers, fin shape, duct shape and rib shape have been predicted to obtain maximum heat transfer to air flowing inside the tube. Experimental models have been made to validate the CFD analysis which could predict the wall temperature and Nusselt number. The results obtained from the computations could be used to predict the heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of an internal finned tube specifically used in chemical and power plants.


This paper uses various kinds of data to investigate the effects of race and class on the health care of African-American elderly in the city-county area of St. Louis, Missouri, It documents the continued segregation into a limited set of nursing homes and hospitals of African-American elderly, who are also disadvantaged by economic and health status. An analysis of nursing home and hospital use patterns by race is conducted to assess theories of class, income, culture, and race as explanations of the racial patterns. Racial factors are shown to have an effect independent of class factors.


The present invention relates to the measurement and control of recognized sound loudness and / or perceived spectral balance of an audio signal. The audio signal is modified in response to calculations performed at least in part in the recognition (psychological) loudness domain. The invention provides for example background noise interference compensation in loudness-compensated volume control, automatic gain control, dynamic range control (including, for example, limiters, compressors, expanders, etc.), dynamic equalization, and audio reproduction environments. Useful in one or more of these. The invention includes methods as well as corresponding computer programs and apparatus. Limiters, compressors, expanders, loudness, spectral balance


Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) based roofing sheets are widely used in industrial and domestic applications today. It is recognized that ultraviolet rays (UV) in sunlight (wavelengths between 280 nm and 400 nm) cause photodegradation of some organic materials including polymers. Therefore, studying the change in properties of PVC/Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate (ASA) roofing sheets due to weathering is essential for their successful application. From this study, it was attempted to study how photodegradation affects some properties like hardness and impact strength of the roofing sheet. It was evident from the UV exposure test data that prolonged exposure to UV radiation deteriorates the hardness and impact strength properties of the sheet. But no change in appearance was observed in both UV exposure test and accelerated weathering test.


This article discusses the distributive principles and impacts of the Argentine pension system. On the one hand, it presents the evolution of pension policy from its origins, including two recent structural reforms (privatization in 1993-1994, and its reversal in 2008), and the way in which each of them defined the distributive principles of the system. On the other hand, the paper studies the most recent measures that have been loosening the actual distribution of benefits from the traditional Bismarckian model. These and other measures have jointly defined the distribution of benefits and coverage in the current Argentine pension system, which is presented at the end of the paper.


them into subjects in their own right, giving them a way of being minded that is starkly discontinuous with the mentality of their members. This claim in social ontology is strong enough to ground talk of such collectivities as entities that are psychologically autonomous and that constitute institutional persons. Yet unlike some traditional doctrines (Runciman 1997), it does not spring from a rejection of common sense. This chapter shows that the claim is supported by the implications of a distinctive social paradox—the discursive dilemma—and is consistent with a denial that our minds are subsumed in a higher form of Geist or in any variety of collective consciousness. Although the chapter generates a rich, metaphysical brew, the ingredients it deploys all come from austere and sober analysis. The chapter is in six sections. In the first I introduce the doctrinal paradox, a predicament recently identified in jurisprudence, and in the second I explain how it generalizes to constitute the discursive dilemma. In the third section I show that that dilemma is going to arise for any group or grouping—henceforth I shall just say, group—that espouses or avows purposes, and that such purposive collectivities are bound to resolve it by imposing the discipline of reason at the collective rather than the individual level. In the fourth and fifth sections I argue that groups of this kind— social integrates, as I call them—will constitute intentional and personal subjects. And then in the sixth section I look briefly at how we should think of the relationship between institutional persons of this kind and the natural persons who sustain them.


Active learning in the form of a hands-on Physics laboratory for first-year undergraduate Electrical and Electronics Engineering students is the subject of this research. Instruction and student assessment methodologies are examined in order to get answers to a number of research questions that will hopefully aid and guide instructors in the reform of the course structure and delivery and in the fine-tuning of student assessment methods. Student performance across all course components and activities for year 2018-19 is analyzed through linear and non-linear methods; outcomes are compared to those of year 2017-18, where meaningful. Descriptive statistics and linear regression results imply that the lecturing and the active-learning (laboratory) parts of the course need to get more tightly interconnected in terms of the material taught and the active-learning approaches adopted. Non-linear processing (clustering) results identify clusters of students that require attention from the part of the instructors and lead instructors to fine-tune assessment methods and set thresholds for success/failure or grading. A predictive use of the clustering results is also possible, as discussed in the conclusions.


Clusters of galaxies are believed to be at the intersections of cosmological filaments and to grow by accreting matter from these filaments. Such continuous infall has major consequences not only on clusters but also on the physics of cluster galaxies. Faint galaxies are particularly interesting as they are very sensitive to environmental effects, and may have a different behaviour from that of bright galaxies. The aim of this paper is to sample the Coma cluster building history, based on the analysis of galaxy luminosity functions and red sequences in the Color Magnitude Relation down to faint magnitudes, which are privileged tools for this purpose. The present analysis is based on deep (R~24), wide (~0.5 deg2) multiband (BVRI Vega system) images of the Coma cluster obtained with the CFH12K camera at the CFHT. We have derived LFs and CMRs in twenty 10x10 arcmin2 regions and in larger regions. In all photometric bands, we found steeply rising LFs in the north-northeast half of the cluster (due to early type galaxies at bright magnitudes and due to late type galaxies at the faint end), and much flatter LFs in the south-southwest region. Although the fine behaviour of the CMR RS is different in these two regions, a good agreement is found in general between the RS computed for faint and for bright galaxies. All these results can be interpreted consistently in the framework of the building up process previously proposed. The Northern Coma area is a relatively quiescent region while the southern area experiences several infalls.


In the study,4 arid types of maize planted regions,including regions with small amount of rainfall and water resources,regions with large amount of rainfall but big variability,regions with concentrated precipitation and heavy soil erosion,and regions with large amount of evaporation in spring and winter and difficult to keep soil moisture,and mechanism of drought resistance were introduced,based on which,conclusion was made on water-saving irrigation technology,with the aim to provide references for the research of maize drought resistance and water-saving irrigation technology in China.


Maximizing the as-built system performance is the real task of the lens designer. If a lens is to be built, then tolerance sensitivity is always an issue. A range of techniques for de-sensitization is presented, with illustrative examples from recent design projects.


Among Don mCKAY's mAnY sTRengThs as one of Canada's most significant poets and thinkers are two contradictory features that often work (and play) together in his poems: mcKay's "gift for metaphor" vies with a persistent uneasiness regarding the supposed authority of human language to produce objective knowledge. As a result, his poetry often speaks to a desire for an ecologically attuned mode of thinking, and it draws upon both symbolic and scientifically accurate language to celebrate the phenomenological world while simultaneously admitting the impossibility of ever fully knowing the species and objects it describes. Focusing on these elements of mcKay's work, this paper argues for an ecocriticism that has the capacity to measure the distance between (poetic and scientific) language and the phenomena it variously describes, celebrates, and eulogizes. such an ecocriticism would manoeuvre necessarily between and among various disciplinary approaches to the physical world while accommodating a complex set of challenges to anthropocentric conceptual


The implementation and development process of a software project consists of a cycle distributed in several stages which represent the lifecycle of the project. There is a research done by Standish Group 13 years ago which stands that only 16% of software projects are done with success, 53% have flaws and bugs in them and 31% are canceled. Considering this problem, the subject of this article is the comparison between the collaborative and competitive approaches, considering a team involved in the development of a software project.


Kevin Frost of the American Foundation for AIDS Research has been organizing a unique program that brings together clinicians across the Asian continent.


A 25-year-old man who emigrated from Mexico 5 years ago presented with headache, altered mental status, and left hemiparesis. Initial history obtained from collateral sources indicated the patient had complained of a headache of increasing severity for the past 2 months. Two weeks prior to presentation, he experienced malaise, decreased appetite, nausea and vomiting, visual changes, and gait difficulties resulting in 2 falls. The day of presentation, he developed acute onset left upper and lower extremity weakness prompting emergency evaluation. On arrival he was lethargic, disoriented, and did not follow commands. Following intubation in the emergency department, he was transferred to the neurologic intensive care unit (ICU).

He was febrile and tachycardic on arrival to the ICU. Upon cessation of sedation, the patient was ill-appearing but awake and able to cooperate with the neurologic examination. He was oriented to hospital name and year and was able to follow one-step commands. His pupils were equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation. Bedside funduscopic examination showed normal discs and vessels. His extraocular movements were full except for the inability to adduct his right eye. He blinked to threat bilaterally but had left-sided visual neglect with a right gaze preference. He had left lower facial weakness. On motor examination, he had left flaccid paralysis as well as mild decreased strength in his right upper and lower extremities (4+/5) that might have been attributable to incomplete cooperation. Sensation was intact to light touch on the right but only to noxious painful nail bed stimulation on the left. Reflexes were brisk on the right and diminished on the left. He had a left Babinski sign.

Head CT revealed 2 foci of hemorrhage in the right frontal and parietal lobes with associated vasogenic edema (figure 1).

Figure 1 CT findings
Two foci of hemorrhage are …


In this paper the constructive and consistent formulation of quantum gravity as a quantum field theory for the case of higher dimensional ADM space-times, which is based on the author previous works, is presented. The present model contains a certain new contribution which, however, do not change the general idea which leads to extraordinary simple treatment of quantum gravity in terms of fundamental notions of quantum field theory, like e.g. the Fock space, quantum correlations, etc. We discuss the way to establishing the dimension of space and the relation to string theory of the model. ∗Contact to: firstname.lastname@example.com


With the application of power grid companies marketing business promotion,marketing management process standardization of measurement,in order to adapt to the new requirements of field measurement operations,we developed intelligent lock mobile work platform. The goal and the structure of the system is described,divided into its function module. Pointed out that the system works on site measurement section,about the important role of human resources and improve efficiency.


Background: Perinatal deaths are still a significant problem in India. Therefore, there is a need for effective fetal surveillance, in order to improve the outcomes of pregnancy. Methods: This was a prospective study including fifty one females with high-risk pregnancy and 50 with low risk pregnancy. The included participants were subjected to NST done using a cardiotocograph with ultrasound transducer placed on maternal abdomen for duration of 20 min. The NST results were classified into reactive and non-reactive. Subjects were then followed up for mode of delivery and different variables of perinatal outcome. Results: Majority of study subjects were in the age group of 26-30 years (n=74; 73.3%). The period of gestation in 74 (73.3%) subjects was 37-38 weeks. Gestational diabetes mellitus was the most common risk factor in the high-risk group (n=22; 43.1%).The NST was non-reactive in 6 and 4 subjects in the high-risk and low-risk groups respectively (p=0.741). Only 3 subjects in the high-risk group had a vaginal delivery, while 33 in low-risk group did. Conclusions: We did not find any significant difference in the results of the NST between women with high and low-risk pregnancy. But this test is a promising basic screening tool in pregnancy to assess fetal well-being.


The topography of the projections from the reticular nucleus of the thalamus (RT) to the intralaminar and medial thalamic nuclei were studied in the cat by the method of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Single small injections of the enzyme were made in the different intralaminar nuclei‐mediodorsal, ventromedial, midline, and habenular‐and in anterior group nuclei. The location and density of the neuronal labeling in the different parts of the RT were studied in each case.


The present paper aims to maps Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb concentration and assess the hazard in the soils of surrounding agricultural fields affected by oil refinery drainage of Digboi refinery of Tinsukia district, Assam using statistics, geostatistics and GIS techniques. The amounts of Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb were determined from 97 samples collected within the contaminated area. Among the heavy metals studied, the mean concentration of Pb was high. The greatest and the smallest standard deviation were observed in the Ni (44.1) and pH (0.47), respectively. Analysis of the isotropic variogram indicated that the Cr and Cd semivariograms were well described with the circular model, with the distance of spatial dependence being 1240 and 1022 m, respectively, while the Pb and Ni were well describe with Gaussain model, with the distance of spatial dependence being 1930 and 2321 m, respectively. The ordinary kriging maps of Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb showed that high concentrations of heavy metals were located in the low lying area. Indicator kriged probability maps of soil Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb were prepared based on the concentrations to exceed the respective Food and Agriculture Organization maximum permissible limit (MPL) value of 100, 3, 30 and 50 mg kg−1, respectively. It was seen that whole studied area had a higher than 0.99% probability to exceed the MPL value of Pb. About 10% area of the study site was having higher concentration than MPL value of Cd and Ni concentrated at the centre and north-west corner of the study area, respectively.


Summary form only given. High resolution thermal expansion measurements on single crystals of /spl kappa/-(BEDT-TTF)/sub 2/-Cu[N(CN)/sub 2/]Br/sub 1-x/Cl/sub x/, were performed along the three principal directions in the temperature range from 4 to 300K. Anomalies in the linear thermal expansion coefficients /spl alpha//sub i/ are observed at a temperature T/sub d/ =80K. T/sub d/ and the magnitude of the anomalies in /spl alpha//sub i/ decrease with increasing CI content. At T/sub d/ the /spl alpha//sub i/ 's show steplike changes such that they lead to an additional orthorhombic distortion in the conducting a-c plane on further cooling. The resulting jump in the volume thermal expansion coefficient /spl beta/ at T/sub d/ is an indication of a second order phase transition, which eventually may be related to a disorder-order transformation of the terminal ethylene groups of the donor molecules. Additional smaller anomalies in /spl alpha//sub i/ are observed at 45K and at 20K. The first one increases in size with increasing Cl-content and may be due to the onset of antiferromagnetic ordering [1]. The second one occurs at the same temperature, where anomalies in magnetization [1] and resistivity [2] have been observed.


This thesis deals with the business plan for the establishment and operation of sheltered workshops. A sheltered workshop is a workplace where more than 60 % of people with disabilities is employed (in the full time equivalent). The basic legislative act is Act No. 435/2004, Statute book of Employment and its implementing regulation. The thesis deals with a variety of circumstances the employment of persons with disabilities as well as the rules for creating a business plan in the theoretical part. The practical part includes the business plan for the sheltered workshop itself.


Ever received a gift you don't like but feel you should keep? Share your stories with the Campaign for Objects in Purgatory!

The Campaign for Objects in Purgatory 'live' exhibition took place at Sheffield Institute of Arts Gallery in May 2011. Visitors were invited to contribute their uncherished gifts in the form of drawings, sketches, and written or audio narratives. The exhibition grew as contributions came in from members of the university community and general public.

Clothing we could never wear, ornaments that are cheaply made, decorative objects that don't fit the home interior… the stories of the gifts that we don't like, but feel compelled to keep, were told with a mix of frustration, bewilderment, love and care. Some of the objects and stories collected can be seen at www.objectsinpurgatory.co.uk.


Image watermarking with both insensible detection and high robustness capabilities is still a challenging problem. Even if some of the watermarking areas involve huge financial implication, there are relatively fewer efforts presented, which primarily focus the sustainability against some attacks, which are specific to financial application area particularly. One of such application area is "Fingerprinting" and a major threat for this area is "Collusion Attack". This paper presents an inherently collusion attack resistant (ICAR) scheme for hiding a logo-based watermark in JPEG images. This scheme is based on averaging of low and middle frequency coefficients of block Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients of an image. Experimental results show the robustness of the proposed scheme against the JPEG compression and other common image manipulations.


The years of emerging adulthood are oftentimes filled with both happiness and anxiety while youth move toward adult roles and responsibilities. According to Courtney and Dworsky (2006), a subset of American emerging adults, those who are transitioning out of foster care face greater vulnerability than do their peers in the general population in a number of issues. As a result, this paper reviewed the literature on the challenges faced by these former foster youth, namely relationships, well-being, substance use, education, employment and finances. Limitations of this extant research are noted along with directions in future research on programs designed to facilitate these former foster youth's transition. Lastly, real-world implications of the findings are discussed.


Over a decade ago China launched a large-scale programme to develop science parks with on site business incubators. A major goal of this project was to redesign the economic architecture by creating institutions that would greatly improve the nation's innovation system. Science parks, following the western model, were considered appropriate institutions. This is because they could harness China's many public research institutes and universities and so help promote both existing indigenous firms and emerging new technology-based private firms. Since its inception, however, the programme has evolved to serve multiple purposes, of which innovation system reform is arguably only one, minor goal. This article investigates the evolution of China's two-pronged strategy to develop science parks and business incubators in pursuit of institutional reform of its innovation system.


We present a local measurement of gravity combining Bloch oscillations and atom interferometry. With a falling distance of 0.8 mm, we achieve a sensitivity of 2x10-7 g with an integration time of 300 s. No bias associated with the Bloch oscillations has been measured. A contrast decay with Bloch oscillations has been observed and attributed to the spatial quality of the laser beams. A simple experimental configuration has been adopted where a single retro-reflected laser beam is performing atoms launch, stimulated Raman transitions and Bloch oscillations. The combination of Bloch oscillations and atom interferometry can thus be realized with an apparatus no more complex than a standard atomic gravimeter.


We quantified foraging proficiency in nine free-ranging American Dippers (Cinclus mexicanus) when they were 39-42 days post-hatching, and correlated foraging proficiency with body condition. Although all nine individuals foraged extensively on the smallest size class of prey, individuals with a relatively low rate of caloric intake (RCI) from the larger prey classes consumed a greater proportion of the smallest size prey. Body mass and hematocrit were significantly correlated with RCI. Mass and hematocrit are relative measures of body condition and the body condition of newly independent juveniles may predict survivorship through the first year. Thus, these data are consistent with the assumption that greater foraging proficiency confers fitness benefits for free-living birds. Alternatively, these data also support the interpretation that juvenile dippers in better physical condition forage more proficiently than birds in poorer condition.


The Eurasian and African sedge, Carex acutiformis Ehrh. is said by Mackenzie to be "very locally naturalized from Europe in eastern Massachusetts," where he ascribes it to "boggy meadows" (N. Amer. Flora 18: 436. 1935). Most nearly related to C. lacustris Willd. and C. hyalinolepis Steud. among our native species, it may be readily distinguished from these by its flattened perigynia with very short (0.5 mm. or less long), shallowly bidentate or emarginate beak. In the eighth edition of Gray's Manual of Botany the American occurrence of this strikingly handsome sedge is given in the text as "boggy meadows and borders of saline marshes, local, e. Mass.," while in the key the species is said to be a "local adventive near Boston," but the only definite locality record I find is that published by the Committee on Local Flora, New England Botanical Club in Reports on the Flora of the Boston District, XII (Rhodora 13: 233. 1911): "salt marsh by Old Colony R. R. at Savin Hill, Dorchester, from 1865 (WVm. Boott) to 1888 ( E. & C. E. Faxon); station now extinct (J. R. Churchill)." 'Consequently the discovery, almost a century later, of a thrivinlg colony of the species in northern Indiana by Father P. E. Hebert is an unexpected and noteworthy record. Father Hebert collected it twice on the margin of St. Joseph Lake, Notre Dame, St. Joseph County, first on Mlay 26 then on June 12, 1951, where he reports two stations for it. One of these is on the south shore, comprising a hundred or so plants extending for some twenty-five or thirty yards along the marly lake-margin. 'The other locality, about seven hundred yards away, is on the northeast shore, where the soil is sandy, limy and gravelly, and here the colony is about fifty yards in extent and includes two hundred or more plants. Neither of the two collections seen have fully mature perigynia so that th-e plant probably does not reach its prime here until nearly the first of July. The specimens upon which the new record is based were kindly loaned to the writer for examination and are deposited in Father Hebert's private herbarium at the University of Notre Dame.


The magnitude of magnetic fields given in the three papers that report on the superconductivity of the beta-pyrochlore oxides is corrected.


It has been suggested that hairpin vortices are a major sustaining flow structure involved in the perpetuation of turbulent boundary layers, although their origin within the boundary layer is unclear. One hypothesis is that hairpin structures are formed by the breakdown of the low-speed streak structures which develop adjacent to the surface beneath turbulent boundary layers. To examine this hypothesis, a water-channel study has been done which utilizes injection through surface slots in a flat plate to create artificial low-speed streak-type regions beneath a laminar boundary layer. Under appropriate conditions, these synthesized low-speed streaks develop a three-dimensional, shear-layer instability which breaks down to form a hairpin-vortex street. Employing both flow visualization and anemometry measurements, the characteristics of these hairpin structures and the parameters influencing their generation have been examined. The hairpin streets were determined to develop in a very periodic and repeatable manner within a definite range of flow parameters. Detailed flow patterns obtained using dye and hydrogen bubbles, both individually and collectively, indicate a remarkable similarity with previously observed patterns in the near-wall region of turbulent boundary layers. In addition, the development of the hairpin structures is observed to be quite sensitive to external forcing, as well as exhibiting a tendency for organized development of larger, more complex structures through a pairing-type process. Velocity measurements indicate the initial presence of strong inflexional profiles which evolve rapidly to velocity and turbulence-intensity profiles commensurate with those associated with turbulent boundary layers, but which do not exhibit the marked spreading associated with turbulence.


For the first time, the influence of an electron beam irradiation on InAs with native oxides was investigated. An irradiation modifies the chemical and physical properties of the surface oxides. The latent image can later be revealed by in situ exposure to Cl 2 gas at 190 °C. The etching rate by Cl 2 of the irradiated native oxides depends on the experimental conditions; it can be either increased or decreased. In consequence, differently irradiated zones of a sample surface later exposed to Cl 2 are more or less etched thai the non irradiated areas. The effect depends not only on the dose, but also on the electron energy: an irradiation is more effective at low energy. A stationary beam exposure at 30 keV reveals the contribution of the backscattered electrons, their geometrical and energetic spreading and the effect of a gradual variation of the dose. This experiment is compared to the spatial distribution of the backscattered electrons obtained by means of a Monte-Carlo type calculation.


Electrophysiological studies are indicated in patients with symptoms compatible with sinus node disease and in whom no documentation of the arrhythmia responsible for these symptoms has been obtained by prolonged electrocardiographic monitoring (e.g. Holter recording). In these patients, electrophysiological testing can yield information that may be used to guide appropriate therapy. The most useful measures of the overall sinus node function are the sinus node recovery time and the sinoatrial conduction time. In practice, the sinoatrial conduction time is rarely assessed because it represents an indirect measurement.


A two-state model of strikes, in which both the entrepreneur and the worker randomize their behavior, is developed. The entrepreneur always asks for a wage reduction unaccompanied by a cut in labor services if the state is bad, and he sometimes makes the same request in the good state. The worker sometimes agrees to this request and sometimes threatens to strike. The strike threat is only carried out in the bad state. This equilibrium can Pareto dominate that found in the standard asymmetric information contracting model.


The accelerating system of the LHC consists of two structures per beam, each composed of four superconducting single-cell cavities. Their higher-order modes have to be damped su ciently in order to prevent coupled-bunch instabilities and to limit parasitic mode losses. The rst two higher-order modes do not propagate into the beam tubes between the cells. However, strong damping can be obtained with a special dipole mode coupler resonant at both modes. Because of the restricted space, a compact design is used. The other higher-order modes propagate and form coupled modes with unequal eld distributions. They are damped by broadband couplers positioned on either side of each cavity cell. We present the design of the higher-order mode couplers together with measurements on a real cavity. Introduction The accelerating system of the LHC [1] consists of two structures per beam, each composed of four superconducting single-cell cavities. The cells are connected by largeaperture beam tubes ( 300 mm). The main purpose of the large diameter is to reduce the characteristic impedance (R=Q) of the fundamental mode (FM) and hence transient beam loading. The end cells are matched to the machine beam tube ( 60 mm) with long tapers. The higher-order modes (HOM) of these structures have to be damped su ciently in order to prevent coupled-bunch instabilities and to limit parasitic mode losses. In the following we discuss the adopted damping concept. Damping Concept A special problem of widening the beam tube is that the rst dipole mode (TE111) develops more and more R=Q and moves nearer to the FM [2]. In recent single-cell designs with beam tube ferrite loads, this necessitated special beam tube geometries like the uted beam tube or the beam tube widening after the iris [3]. In our case, with four cells in one cryostat, ferrite beam tube loads, which have to be at room temperature, are ruled out. Instead, a more conventional HOM coupling approach is used, but with two di erent types of HOM couplers. The splitting of the damping task between two coupler types is also suggested by the spectrum of the modes, shown in Fig. 1. The dipole modes (500 MHz and 536 MHz) are clearly separated from the remaining higher-order modes which form a group at frequencies from 760 MHz to 1300 MHz. 1 Figure 1: R=Q spectrum of four single cells. The R=Q values are multiplied by the power spectrum factor for the nominal LHC bunch: cos shaped and 30 cm full bunch length. Another way to classify the modes is to distinguish between propagating (into an in nite beam tube) and non-propagating modes. The non-propagating modes need couplers positioned on the beam tubes as near as possible to the cells. To this class belong, in addition to the FM, the rst two dipole modes, and also a mode at about three times the FM frequency which, although nominally propagating, excites a beam tube wave only weakly or not at all. Such a mode is called a trapped mode [4] and is illustrated in Fig. 2. In our structure, mode propagation leads to coupling between the cells. The resulting coupled modes often have unequal eld distributions. An example is given in Fig. 3. To assure damping of all these modes broadband couplers covering the range from 760 MHz to 1300 MHz are mounted on both sides of each cell. As a result, each cell is equipped with a total of four HOM couplers (two of each type) mounted on the beam tubes adjacent to the cells, and at right angles to each other to cover both possible polarizations of dipole modes. Dipole Mode Coupler The dipole mode coupler has a loop as coupling element. Cavity dipole modes excite in the cut-o tubes the TE11 waveguide mode (evanescent in the case here) which has 2 Figure 2: Trapped modes of four single cells (only two cells are shown) Figure 3: Coupled modes of four single cells (only two cells are shown) a strong longitudinal magnetic eld component at the tube wall. In coupling to this component with a loop perpendicular to the cavity axis, magnetic coupling to the FM is eliminated. However, electric coupling to the FM has also to be suppressed. For that purpose the loop is not connected galvanically to the coupler tube (see Fig. 4), leaving a small gap. The gap capacitance Cn forms with the loop's self-inductance Ln a series resonator (see Fig. 5) which is tuned to the FM. It provides a short-circuit to the displacement current I0 injected by the electric FM eld ending on the loop wire. At this point we recall that widening the cut-o tubes of a cavity moves the rst dipole modes closer to the FM [2]. Consequently, it becomes increasingly di cult to combine high dipole mode damping with su cient FM suppression. 3


This paper introduces a novel fragile watermarking method for digital Quran image authentication and tamper identification. The presented scheme utilizes discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and can locate the pixels of malicious tampering if present. The wavelet coefficients are considered for embedding authentication code that are encrypted with a secret key, ensuring high security. The authentication binary code is embedded in a block of wavelet coefficients. The experimental results show that the proposed method can retain the image quality after watermarking process with minimum watermark payload and can achieve promising tampering detection. The watermark is secure against local attacks because it is encrypted using secret key. We have also performed experiments to exhibit the fragility of the watermark against known attacks.


Author Contributions 15 BE, JO and PK designed the study. BE and KH recorded and analyzed the data. BE, JO and PK 16 wrote and revised the manuscript. 17 18. CC-BY 4.0 International license peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not. ABSTRACT 19 Modern theories of cognition place an emphasis on the (un)certainty of available 20 information. This raises the question whether we trust more external sampled information or 21 internal inference processes. The specific properties of visual processing around the blind spot 22 region allow us to address this. Although there are no photoreceptors corresponding to the 23 physiological blind spots, we experience visual content there as if it were veridical, when it is in 24 fact only " filled in " based on the surroundings. We asked subjects to choose between a stimulus 25 partially presented in the blind spot that elicits fill-in and another at the same eccentricity outside 26 of the blind spot. Subjects displayed a systematic bias toward the blind spot stimulus, where the 27 filled-in part could have actually concealed a non-target. Two control experiments confirmed this 28 finding and demonstrate that this is not an effect of eccentricity, but a property of the filling in 29 process. This intuitively puzzling effect finds a straightforward explanation within the context of 30 predictive coding. The filled-in signals are produced by the brain's generative model based on 31 spatial-context priors. In contrast to other locations, predictions at the blind spot cannot be 32 compared to feed-forwards inputs and therefore no error signal is generated. As a consequence, 33 the error measure for the inferred percepts reaches the lower bound and are estimated as more 34 reliable than actually seen contents. This experiment gives credibility to the interpretation of 35 bottom-up signals not as conveying independent information about the world, but information 36 relating to deviations of internal expectations. 37 38 SIGNIFICANCE 39 The common view treats visual processing as a hierarchy of increasingly refined 40 representations of external stimuli. In contrast, predictive coding interprets bottom-up relayed 41 information as error signals, indicating deviations from internal predictions. The validity of this 42 view is not easy to test. Here we utilize the phenomenon of fill-in in physiological blind spot region 43 to compare internally generated against veridical percepts. We demonstrate, that in the absence 44. …


Complex gate electrode structures for n-channel transistors and p-channel transistors are structured based on a substantially same configuration, but the adjustment of the work function is done in an early manufacturing stage. For this purposes, the Diffusionsschicht- and cover layer materials are removed after installation of the desired type of metal for the work in the dielectric material having large e and a common gate layer stack is subsequently deposited and then patterned.


This paper describes a real time detection of a perfect image which includes a whole object contour line whose coordinates are filled into memory. The detection is performed as follow. If the contour line of the object deviates from the observation image area, the side of deviation is indicated through a status register which can be accessed any time from the system. If the contour line does not deviate, the coordinates of the contour line are filled into a memory.


Significance
 The lack of reported cases is likely to stem from insufficient testing or a delay in the virus's manifestation, not from an absence of cases. Libya is highly vulnerable to an outbreak of coronavirus due to the war. A spread of the disease in densely populated urban neighbourhoods of the country's few large cities would be virtually impossible to contain.

 Impacts
 COVID-19 is likely to lead to a new liquidity crisis resulting in a sharp devaluation of the Libyan dinar in the black market.
 Social distancing and isolation measures will harm small and medium-sized businesses as there is no economic framework to support them.
 Libya's central bank will come under pressure to reconsider its import restriction policy.


This study focuses on measuring attitude which consists of five different determinants namely theme of pleasure,informativeness,advertisement's content credibility,advertisers' credibility and celebrity credibility. The objectives of this study are identifying the most important belief factors which influence Malaysian residents' attitude towards Magazine advertising and then examining the relationship between them and finally examining whether attitude towards advertisements in Magazine differs between Malaysian male and female residents.


Synthesis of tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyran derivatives catalyzed by tungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40) were conveniently performed with high yield from the corresponding unsaturated alcohols in ionic liquid. Sufuric acid (H2SO4), trifluoromathanesulfonic acid (TfOH) and p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH) were also explored for preparing these products in ionic liquid. The catalysts and ionic liquid can be easily recovered and reused.


For reducing environmental pollution from the abandonment and incineration of stalks of crops, a technique that prepares building material with cotton stalk bale and blast furnace slag was studied and the mechanical properties of environmental friendly, energy saving cotton stalk bale – cement-based material reinforced p ile were studied through experiment. While cement-soil mixing pile exh ib its high compressive strength, its bending strength is low. Experiment was performed to see whether it is feasible to use cotton stalk bale as the rein forcement material of cement and soil. The result shows that the addition of cotton stalk bale increases the toughness, ductility, and mechanical propert ies, including compressive and bending strength of cement and soil. Impact of different admixture dosages of cotton stalk bales and blast furnace slags on the compressive and bending strength and other mechanical properties of cement and soil were explored. The physical and mechanical properties of cotton stalk bale–cement-based material reinforced pile were considered.


SILVA, Marcos Vinícius da, M.Sc., Universidade Federal de Viçosa, August, 2006. Design space exploration for array reconfigurable architectures. Adviser: Ricardo dos Santos Ferreira. Co-advisers: Carlos de Castro Goulart and Vladimir Oliveira di Iorio. Current applications of signal processing in embedded systems demand hardware solutions with high processing power and low consumption. Moreover, these solutions must be scaled allowing easy adaptation in order to follow technological advances in the construction of integrated circuits. Coarse-grained reconfigurable array processors architectures allow to attend this demand, and nowadays are research focus that considers several ways to deal with it's implementation, with variation of characteristics as topology, processing elements and routing capacity, among others. This work presents a placement algorithm in arrangements of processors capable to deal with variations of these characteristics, allowing early evaluation of its performance for several architectures. A test set with several DSP benchmarks was elaborated for validation. The experiments shows that the solution is fast, flexible and scalable, allowing exploration of an ample architecture spectrum before physical implementation.


Industrial digital radiography (DIR) substitutes the classical film radiography. Film is substituted by imaging plates and digital detector arrays (DDA). New parameters as SNR and CNR and basic spatial resolution (SRb) need to be considered and understood. This is the precondition for extended and automated application as dimensional measurement and automated defect recognition (ADR). Modern fast Computed Tomography (CT) units are implemented in the quality assurance process for at-line and in-line inspection in industry. The scope of typical CT applications is extended from flaw detection to dimensional measurement in industry substituting coordinate measurement machines. Mobile computed tomography is applied for in-service radiographic crack detection and sizing of welded pipes in nuclear power plants and for NDT of large CFRP structures of airplanes. Small structures of integrated electronic circuits and compact electronic packages are visualized and measured with µ-CT or lens based nano CT systems. Phase contrast imaging provides enhanced structure contrast in micro radiography and micro CT.


Objective:To evaluate the significance of the double-balloon endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of small-bowel diseases.Method:From June 2004 to Feb 2007,for 192 patients who suspected with small-bowel diseases,235 double-balloon endoscopy examinations were performed.Three patients were underwent endoscopic therapy.Result:No serious complications related with the procedure occurred.Tolerance were perfect.The whole detection rates was 64.6%.3 cases with acute bleeding were controlled with sclerosing agent injection.Conclusion:Double-balloon endoscopy was a safe and operative method for the examination and therapy with small bowel diseases.


The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of the use of science, technology, and society (STS) issues through flipped and traditional learning environments on students' motivation to learn chemistry as well as their chemical literacy (CL). Two freshman engineering classes totaling 89 students taught by the same instructor enrolled in a general chemistry course at a university were the sample of the study. The study had one intervention and one comparison group (CG); the groups were randomly assigned. The intervention group engaged in the STS issues through flipped learning environment while the CG engaged in the STS issues in a traditional setting. A motivation questionnaire was administered to the groups at the beginning and at the end of the treatment; in addition, CL items were administered at the end of semester. The treatment took one semester. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to compare groups on pre-test scores; then, multivariate analysis of covariance was used to reveal the effect of treatments on motivation, its factors, and CL. The results indicated that utilizing STS issues through the flipped learning environment was superior to traditional STS instruction on increasing students' overall motivation score, intrinsic motivation, and relevance of chemistry. No significant difference was observed in CL scores. Further studies are suggested to investigate the impact of flipped STS interventions on higher-order thinking skills including socio-scientific reasoning.


Management of prostate cancer that has spread beyond the capsule is a difficult problem. Innovative and nontoxic approaches to the disease are urgently required. Recently, a commercially available herbal mixture called PC‐SPES showed potent antitumor activities on a variety of malignant cells in vitro.


Face aging aims to estimate aged facial textures given a certain face image. A number of 2D face-aging methods have been developed, but there have been few studies on 3D face aging, which would be valuable in several real-world applications. The lack of 3D face-aging data has had a significant impact on the development of 3D face aging, but we hypothesized that the large amounts of 2D face-aging data on the internet could be leveraged for 3D aged facial textures. In this paper, we propose a novel 3D aging framework, which we call UV-transformation texture estimation based on generative adversarial networks (UVTE-GAN), to achieve 3D face aging. Specifically, the proposed framework has three parts: 1) a 3D vertex and texture estimator, which accurately estimates the face's spatial vertices and textures; 2) a texture-aging GAN, which is responsible for aging the estimated texture map via adversarial learning; and 3) a 2D & 3D rendering rebuilder, which recovers 2D & 3D faces using the estimated facial vertex map and aged facial texture map. In addition, we also design a plugin layer that allows us to train the whole model in an end-to-end manner. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in synthesizing visually pleasing 3D aged face pictures, and state-of-the-art performance is achieved on several public datasets.


Eleven morphological attributes of fruit among five populations of Calligonum roborowskii A.Los.from Tarim basin of Xinjiang,China were compared by statistical analysis in the present study.One way ANOVA showed that there are significant difference in 10 morphological traits among populations;The five populations were incorporated into two types according to the results of clustering analysis(Euclidean distance).The principal component analysis result indicated that the distance of the between bristles,the distance of the between ribs and length of bristle were the main reasons leading to the morphological variations among populations.The correlation analysis showed that length of seed had a very significant correlation with diameter of seed and altitude had a very significant correlation with length of bristles.


This paper present MIB+, which is an extension of the standard MIB adding parameters to create profiles for intrusion detection. These are based on the Anomaly Detection method to identify the type of intrusion to prevent or find the ways to defeat it. We conducted three experiments to detect a SYN flood attack, DNS flood attack and Null scan. The results are presented in the form of graphs to illustrate trends of network usage, both normal and abnormal.


1. A method of increasing the stability of a prostaglandin composition comprising prostaglandin, a preservative and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, wherein the method comprises the step of: packaging the prostaglandin composition in a container for multiple use of low density polyethylene. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the prostaglandin composition comprises prostaglandin selected from the group consisting of travoprost, latanoprost, bimatoprost and tafluprost. The method according to claim 1, where the container of low density polyethylene is a bottle of low density polyethylene prepared using blow-fill-seal technology, where the low density polyethylene resin is selected from the group consisting of Purell PE 1810 E, Purell PE 1840 N, Purell PE 3020 D, Purell PE 3040 D, Purell PE 3220 D.4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the prostaglandin composition is adapted for local reusable ocular administration. The method according to claim 1, where the container for reusable administration of low density polyethylene is a small volume bottle adapted for local ophthalmic delivery. The method of claim 1, wherein the preservative is benzalkonium chloride. The method of claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients are one or more carriers, surfactants, tonic agents, or buffers. The composition according to the method of claim 1 is stable for more than six months or one year at 60 ° C and 40 ° C / RH not more than 25% .9. The composition according to the method according to claim 1, where the composition is stable without cooling at 2-8 ° C. 10. The composition according to the method of claim 1, wherein the composition is stable at room temperature up to 25 ° C. for more than twelve months. A way to increase stability


"My father is the wise man of the village"—large, in buzzing red neon striplight, currently confronts visitors to Edinburghs Fruitmarket Gallery. Artist Kate Gray took the statement from the thought filled sketchbooks of psychiatric patient Nicky Barrett. The resulting work, in neon, unashamedly presents Nickys private world of thoughts to the public and lends its title to the products of FUSION.

The two year FUSION programme enabled established artists to work within hospitals in the Edinburgh and Lothians region. It comprised two projects: Commissions, in which eight artists produced works specific to several specialised hospital departments in the region; and Collaborations, in …


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The foundation of the international SESAME synchrotron laboratory in Jordan is described including political, technical, scientific and financial aspects. Following the model of CERN, its objective is not only to promote science but also bring people together from countries with different traditions, religions and mentalities. To create an international organisation in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region required sometimes quite unconventional procedures not disclosed in any official document. Because of the exceptional circumstances, a more detailed description of its history may be of interest. Although its success was doubted by many at its start, the facility will start operation in spring 2017.


The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the tinne for r gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorat 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision ut penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid 0MB control number, PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. ^_^^ O^'^


The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of information technology and understanding of Government Accounting Standards on the quality of financial reports at the Bengkulu Province Marine and Fisheries Service. The sampling procedure used in this study is non-probability with purposive sampling technique, namely employees related to financial statements. Based on these criteria, the sample in this study was 30 employees at the Bengkulu Province Marine and Fisheries Service. Data collection methods using questionnaires and data analysis used is multiple linear regression, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing. The regression results show a positive influence between information technology and understanding of Government Accounting Standards on the quality of financial reports at the Bengkulu Province Marine and Fisheries Service because the regression direction has a positive direction, namely Y = 2.062 + 0.436X1 + 0.670X2 + 5,504. Information technology has a significant effect on the quality of financial reports at the Bengkulu Province Marine and Fisheries Service, because the significant value of 0.005 is smaller than 0.05. Understanding of Government Accounting Standards has a significant influence on the quality of financial reports at the Bengkulu Province Marine and Fisheries Service because the significant value of 0.000 is smaller than 0.05. Information technology and understanding of Government Accounting Standards jointly have a significant effect on the quality of financial reports at the Bengkulu Province Marine and Fisheries Service because the significant value of 0.000 is smaller than 0.05. The coefficient of determination of R square is 0.603. This means that information technology and understanding of Government Accounting Standards affect the quality of financial reports by 60.3% while the rest (100-60.3% = 43.3%) is influenced by other causal factors not examined in this study..


Employee participation and establishment-level codetermination via works councils are central elements of the German system of industrial relations. The existence of a works council is widely observed to be positively correlated with productivity. However, much less is known about the transmission channels that works councils use to affect productivity. In this paper two hypotheses have been derived from existing theory and tested empirically. First, works councils influence the efficiency of organizational changes positively and second, they increase the returns on investments in firm-specific human capital. Both hypotheses are tested using production function estimates of manufacturing industries based on data from the IAB Establishment Panel. Panel estimators are used to deal with the potential biases that may arise due to unobserved fixed firm-specific effects and the simultaneity of the input decision. In contrast to former studies with German data I efficiently control for capital input. After taking organizational change measures and the intensity of employersupported training into account I find no direct productivity effect of works councils. However, I find that employer-supported training increases productivity only in firms with a works council, providing evidence for the second hypothesis. This supports theories that explain productivity differences with the increased employment protection works councils enforce. The results do not support the first hypothesis and therefore stand in contrast to the strands of theoretical literature that explain productivity differences via the communication improvements between management and workforce, i.e. the collective voice approach.


Spatial statistics has a diverse range of applications and refers to the class of models and methods for data collected over a region. This region might be a mineral field for a geologist, a quadrat in a forest for an ecologist or a geographic region for an environmental scientist. A typical problem is to predict values of a measurement at places where it is not observed, or, if the measurements are observed with error, to estimate a smooth spatial process ( i.e. a surface) from the data. A family of techniques, known loosely as kriging, were originally developed in geostatistics and are now being widely used for spatial prediction. In this chapter we will also use the term spatial process estimates to describe these techniques. The goals of kriging sound very much like nonparametric regression and the understanding of spatial estimates can be enriched through their interpretation as smoothing estimates. In the other direction, the random process model that is at the heart of spatial methods is also valuable in setting uncertainty estimates for function estimates especially in low noise situations. Lying between standard methods such as kernel smoothing and Kriging are smoothing splines. Because splines have a foot in both of these camps, they aid in understanding the common structure in these approaches. This chapter will present spatial process estimates and smoothing splines in a common form as least squares, ridge regression estimates. This leads to an interpretation for both of these estimates as a particular kind of orthogonal series estimate. The orthogonal series representation is a basis for efficient formulas for cross-validation and simulation and also suggests approximate estimators for large data sets. There are good surveys of spatial estimates (e.g. Cressie 1991) and in fact the connection between spatial process models and splines has enjoyed much attention, most recently by Kent and Mardia (1994), and some lively debate (Cressie 1990 and Wahba 1990b). So why is another chapter on this subject needed? Most treatments of Kriging do not emphasize the fact that the form of the predictions are a linear combination of basis functions prescribed by the covariance function. The coefficients for this representation are linear functions of the data found by a specific ridge regression. This form makes it easy to see how the Kriging estimator behaves as a smoother and illustrates how important parameters of the covariance function


Abstract Addition of pure elements to powder mixes can cause the formation of heterogeneous microstructures in powder metallurgy (PM) parts upon sintering. For instance, it has been shown that additions of nickel particles to an iron powder form nickel rich areas (NRAs), since nickel has low diffusivity in iron at conventional sintering temperature [∼1121°C (2050°F)]. Thus, the present work is aimed at determining if addition of a small quantity of carbon coated nickel nanoparticles to a PM hybrid low alloy steel premix could result in a more homogeneous distribution of nickel in sintered parts. It also characterises the effect of this addition on microstructures and mechanical properties. Grain boundary and volume diffusion coefficients of nickel nanoparticles have been determined using Suzuoka's equation and wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry maps. Results show that addition of nanoparticles initiates lattice diffusion at lower temperature and produces less NRA.


Considering the possibility of finding a starting point in the sphere of labor-management in the industrial sector of the Russian Federation. The representative industry here is the world car industry, which is during the more than 100 years of world production clearly stands (is clearly standing) out in efficiency and large scale engineering and organizational decisions. The work that is documented in the structure of AvtoVAZ the former leader of the domestic (Russian) automobile industry is connected with a labor organization and rationing and is analyzed as a real historical example that contains effective solutions in the field of labor organization and work quota setting.


The aim of this study is to evaluate the sulfur dioxide dinamic in two dry white wines Sauvignon blanc and Neuburger produced in Tarnave vineyard in order to check if there is any grape cultivar influence on this compound addition. Four wines (Sauvignon blanc 2018 and 2019 and Neuburger 2018 and 2019) were analysed for the free and total SO2 content during the four stages of vinification and storage: harvest, fermentation, maturation and storage for two years. At the maturation stage, for all these samples the following parameters were also measured: alcohol content (%), total acidity (g/L tartaric acid), volatile acidity (g/L acetic acid), dry extract (g/L), non-reducingdry extract (g/L), relative density at 20°C, total sugars (g/L), glucose and fructose (g/L). For the samples studied in this work, it was determined an increasing concentration of free and total SO2 starting with harvest continuing with fermentation, maturation, the firsty ear of storage and finishing with the second year of storage. Only for the free SO2 at the harvest stage, a cultivar influence was observed. In this study, the limits were between 6.25±1.25 mg/L and 32.55±1.25 mg/L for the dosed free SO2 and between 65.25±0.25 mg/L and 190.40±4.60 mg/L for total SO2. The analyzed wines kept their varietal characteristics and organoleptic properties, as Qualified Denomination of Origin (DOC) Târnave wines, with an admitted SO2 content.


In this work, we introduce and study a new subclass of analytic functions defined by a differential operator and obtained coefficient estimates, growth and distortion theorems, radii of starlikeness, convexity and close-to-convexity are obtained. Furthermore, we obtained integral means inequalities for the function. 2020 Mathematical Sciences Classification: 30C45. Keywords and Phrases: analytic, coefficient bounds, starlike, distortion.


The Communications Gateway Software, GATEWAY, provides process-to-process communication between remote applications programs in different protocol domains. Communicating peer processes may be resident on any paired combination of NETEX, DECnet, or TCP/IP hosts. The gateway provides the necessary mapping from one protocol to another and will facilitate practical intermachine communications in a cost effective manner by eliminating the need to standardize on a single protocol or the need to implement multiple protocols in the host computers. The purpose of the gateway is to support data transfers between application programs on different host computers using different protocols. The gateway computer must be physically connected to both host computers and must contain the system software needed to use the communication protocols of both host computers. The communication process between application partners can be divided into three phases: session establishment, data transfer, and session termination. The communication protocols supported by GATEWAY (DECnet, NETEX, and TCP/IP) have addressing mechanisms that allow an application to identify itself and distinguish among other applications on the network. The exact form of the address varies depending on whether an application is passively offering (awaiting the receipt of a network connection from another network application) or actively connecting to another network. When the gateway is started, GATEWAY reads a file of address pairs. One of the address pairs is used by GATEWAY for passively offering on one network while the other address in the pair is used for actively connecting on the other network establishing the session. Now the two application partners can send and receive data in a manner appropriate to their home networks. GATEWAY accommodates full duplex transmissions. Thus, if the application partners are sophisticated enough, they can send and receive simultaneously. GATEWAY also keeps track of the number of bytes contained in each ransferred data packet. If GATEWAY detects an error during the data transfer, the sessions on both networks are terminated and the passive offer on the appropriate network is reissued. After performing the desired data transfer, one of the remote applications will send a network disconnect to the gateway to close its communication link. Upon detecting this network disconnect, GATEWAY replies with its own disconnect to ensure that the network connection has been fully terminated. Then, GATEWAY terminates its session with the other application by closing the communication link. GATEWAY has been implemented on a DEC VAX under VMS 4.7. It is written in ADA and has a central memory requirement of approximately 406K bytes. The communications protocols supported by GATEWAY are Network Systems Corporation's Network Executive (NETEX), Excelan's TCP/IP, and DECnet. GATEWAY was developed in 1988.


(1993). Pastoral Care for Senior Students: An Analysis of a Voluntary Staff Counselling Scheme in a Sixth-form College. Pastoral Care in Education: Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 12-18.


The problem of "method of paper chromatography separation of amino acids" in experimental teaching reform has been discussed.The experiment steps are adjusted so as to save time;experimental content has been increased so as to enhance the experiment and the reliability of quantitative analysis.Different pharmaceutical ingredients are set so as to cultivate the earnest and sincere scientific research spirits through experimental teaching.


Customer orientation of salespeople usually leads to a sustainable positive effect on job performance, yet previous research has usually focused on the benefits of functional customer orientation, and less is known about its relational customer orientation's outcomes. Based on conservation of resources theory, this research focuses on both types of customer orientation, functional and relational customer orientation, and investigates the moderating effect of emotional exhaustion on the relationship between customer orientation and adaptive selling behavior. We collected 282 valid questionnaires from frontline salespeople in China. Results showed that functional/relational customer orientation was positively correlated with salespeople's adaptive selling behavior. Salespeople's emotional exhaustion moderates the main effect: when emotional exhaustion is high, the relationship between functional/relational customer orientation and adaptive selling behavior is substantially weakened. This study contributes to a further understanding of the sustainable operation environment for customer orientation, and provides practical implications regarding the attainment of sustainable outcomes of customer orientation.


The accuracy of the partial veneer crown margins is very important to dentists, and especially in the case of partial veneer crown which has longer margin, an incomplete or inaccurate marginal fit can be key to the longevity of case gold restorations. Thirty extracted maxillary premolars with smooth axial surface free of defects were selected. An MOD onlay preparation was completed in each specimen, and a wax pattern was fabricated directly on the tooth. A type IV casting alloy was used. The effectiveness of four different marginal finishing techniques was evaluated. The results of this study indicate: 1) The adaptation of horizontal margins was significantly inferior to that of vertical margins prior to cementation. 2) About 2 p for marginal opening was obtained by using the burnishing technique with Spratley knife and white polishing stone. 3) Burnishing produced a significant improvement in marginal adaptation when compared with the untouched margin. The burnishing technique with Spratley knife and white polishing stone was significantly superior. 4) Burnishing during cementation with Spratley knife and white polishing stone was not significantly effective.


This invention relates to isolation devices. It relates to an isolation device (26) for preventing the passage of grout (18) disposed in a portion of a hole (12) to a sleeve (24) placed in another part the hole. When an anchor rod is inserted, it bursts the bag containing grout (18), it expands the isolation device (28) by coming to cooperate with the hole wall (12), and expands the sleeve (24) which acts as a pin, after tearing a rupture portion (32). The rod cooperates sealingly with the bore (34) formed in the isolation device (28). Application for anchoring the roof bolts in mines.


Restorative justice with its unique way of conflict resolution achieves the social effect which is difficult for the traditional criminal justice to do so,gaining recognition and promotion of the United Nations,and it is also suitable for building a harmonious society.However,due to non-litigation and non-punitive manner,the perpetrators and the victim are in the dominant position in the conflict resolution,subverting the traditional state-led administration of justice and punishment-based model.So despite the good social effect,fairness and justice of restorative justice have been questioned,which becomes implementation obstacles in our country.We should analyze fairness and justice of the basic principles of traditional criminal justice,and restorative justice is no doubt of the value of justice.


Impulse ultra-wideband radios (IR-UWB) show strong advantages in low power and low cost applications such as RFIDs and wireless sensor networks. This paper presents an IR-UWB receiver based on Energy Detection (ED) with on-off keying (OOK) modulation. A novel synchronization and detection algorithm using the energy offset scheme with adaptive threshold detection is suggested, aiming to reduce energy consumption and simplify hardware complexity. Simulation and FPGA implementation reveal that the proposed method can avoid complex and power consuming synchronization blocks, and reduce the preamble length, whereas maintaining the performance in the target level. Hardware integration issues are discussed, implying that the proposed receiver architecture has the possibility to achieve low complexity and low power implementation with several nJs energy per bit, at a data rate of 10Mb/s.


Root canal treatment (RCT) is a procedure to eliminate pulpal diseases with the aim to promote healing of the periradicular tissue. The RCT conducted must be of high technical standard and achieve a good quality endodontic work (GQEW) to ensure successful outcome and prolonged retention of the teeth in oral cavity. Previous studies reported poor outcome of RCT conducted by the undergraduate dental students. There is limited report documented on the quality of RCT performed by the dental students in Malaysia. The aim of this study was to identify the technical standards of the RCT and types of post-endodontic restoration placed by USIM undergraduate dental students. The radiographic obturation quality from 274 root filled teeth were evaluated against several indices. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Post treatment radiographs indicated that 84.62% of the RCT have adequate density indicating good apical seal. Meanwhile, for obturation level, the root canal filling that ends 0-2mm (optimal), >2mm away (inadequate), and beyond apex (extrusion) were 84.59%, 5%, and 10.77%, respectively. Teeth with GQEW, having both adequate root filling length and complete obturation were found in 194 (74.6%) teeth. McNemar's test revealed significant reduction in post-treatment periapical index (p<0.001) indicating good periapical healing. Permanent restoration was only placed in 48% of the teeth. In conclusion, the RCT conducted by USIM undergraduate dental students have a good technical standard. Placements of post-endodontic permanent restoration need to be emphasized in the curricular to ensure long-term success of the endodontically treated teeth.


The Berlin Mosque was the first permanent place of Muslim worship in Germany. Never a purely local affair, the construction of the Berlin Mosque depended on the legacies of imperialism and the shifting geopolitical contexts of the 1920s. International diplomats and former Wilhelmine and Ottoman agents living and working in Weimar Berlin made sense of the mosque project through categories and ideas forged in the decades before the First World War. They gradually recalibrated their ambitions when confronted, as they were, with radical transformations of the Muslim world, from the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire and the abolition of the caliphate to the emergence of new political leaders from Arabia to Afghanistan. This article demonstrates how the construction and uses of the Berlin Mosque closely followed how diplomats and other actors, both German and non-German, assessed the geopolitical potential of a German–Muslim alliance in the post-Ottoman, post-Wilhelmine moment.


Two dicrocoeliid trematodes are reported from Ghana. Concinnum ghanensis n.sp. is from the gall bladder and bile duct of the Senegal kingfisher, Halcyon senegalensis (L.), differing from the 14 species recognized in the genus in body shape, the caeca terminating at the vitellarian level or just previtellarian, and the vitellaria being in the form of a band of follicles extending across the body. Dicrocoelium hospes Looss, 1907, is from the bile duct of the Sudan sheep.


Dietary antioxidants are thought to be beneficial in reducing the incidence of coronary heart disease. Flavonoids within Scutellaria baicalensis have been reported to exhibit antioxidant effects. In this study we determined protective effects of S. baicalensis on ischernia-reperfusion injury of rat hearts. The isolated perfused rat hearts were subjected to 30 min of global ischemia and 60 min reperfusion. S. baicalensis extract (SbE) were added to the perfusion fluid during the last 10 min of control perfusion, ischemia and the first 10 min of reperfusion. SbE (10 ㎎/㎖) significantly improved postischemic cardiac function and reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and malondialdehyde production upon reperfusion. Throughout the reperfusion period, coronary flow and heart rate remained highest while left ventricular end-diastolic pressure remained lowest in S. baicalensis treated hearts. The cardioprotective effect of SbE could be comparable to that of ischemic preconditioning. Collectively, these findings indicate that application of SbE can protect hearts from ischemia-reperfusion injury and suggest that SbE could potentially be used as an antioxidant and cardioprotective agent.


Taking two questionnaire surveys, we studied how students' consideration / behaviors changed through Kunimi High School's EMS approaches. The results revealed that students' environment-conscious behavior are due to both the influence from within Kunimi High School, such as the environmental manager and the environmental committee member, and the influence from outside media. As for the approach of EMS of the Kunimi high school, it was shown to the student established of environment-conscious behaviors also outside the school.


Even before the Mughal period, Hindu artisans were renowned for making stone j ālīs with simplified geometrical designs, a tradition that continued in the modern times in the state of Gujarat. With the advent of the Mughals the technical expertise of the Hindu j ālī, makers were put to work carving new Timurid and Safavid designs. The height of the Mughal j ālī art came under Shah Jahan when a new vocabulary of Mughal decorative designs, as used for other stone carvings; painting, etc., was applied to perforated marble screens. It is not hitherto been realized that unlike the earlier Hindu j ālīs the Mughal j ālīs follow the decorative vocabulary of the court.


The response of different jackfruit genotypes to softwood grafting was studied in an experiment conducted in college of horticulture, Mysuru in 2018. The experimental design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with fifteen treatments (MKK-1, MKL-1, MYS-1, HCH-1, HSH-1, MDA-1, MDA-7, MCR-1, MAM-3, PAH-1, MKN-5, HGD-1 AND HGN-2) and three replications. The difference in the graft success was significant among the different genotypes. The highest graft success was noted in MCR-1 (54.78%) and the lowest was found in MDA-1 (39.24%). The graft survival was highest in MCR-1 (60.42%) and lowest in MNS-1 (35.00%). The number of leaves, number of leaves, graft height and graft girth were significantly different for the different genotypes. The number of sprouts (3.30), number of leaves (8.04), graft height (19.16 cm) and graft girth (8.31 mm) were highest in MCR-1. The number of sprouts (3.30), number of leaves (8.04), graft height (19.16 cm) and graft girth (8.31 mm) were highest in MCR-1. The genotypes MDA-1 had lowest graft success (39.24%), number of sprouts (1.71), number of leaves (5.40), graft height (14.35%) and graft girth (6.40 mm).


Inhibition of galvanic corrosion was carried out using 4-amino-5-phenyl-4H-1, 2, 4-trizole-3-thiol (APTT) as corrosion inhibitor. The couple metals were aluminium alloy (Al2024) and mild steel. The galvanic potential and the galvanic current were measured in absence and presence of 0.4 mM of APTT. FT-IR was used to characterise the adsorbed inhibitor film technique. The result showed that the galvanic current was reduced from 286 to 8.9 μA cm–2 with addition of APTT. FTIR result confirmed the adsorption of APTT on mild steel surface.


Objective Our study explored patient reasons for encounter(RFE)and the health problems managed at a general practice(GP)clinic affiliated to a tertiary hospital,so as to provide reference data information for tertiary hospitals that plan to establish GP clinics and for GP educators to design GP training curriculum according to the needs.Methods All visits to a GP clinic from June 2011 to May 2012 were analyzed retrospectively,and RFEs and diagnoses were coded per the International Classification of Primary Care-2(ICPC-2).The top 20 RFEs,top 20 diagnoses and diagnostic categories were listed in order of their frequency.Results The most frequent RFE was cough,at a rate of 8.8% encounters;prenatal care(5.7%),progress visit(5.7%),fever(5.5%)and abdominal pain(3.9%)were relatively frequent;the top 20 RFEs accounted for 58.5% of the 3 687 RFEs recorded.The most frequent diagnosis was upper respiratory infection(8.8%)followed by normal pregnancy(5.8%),hypertension(4.4%),general medical examination(3.7%)and depression(3.4%);the top 20 diagnoses accounted for 51.1% of the 3 689 diagnoses recorded.The diagnostic categories distributed across all systems in ICPC-2,and problems of the respiratory system(15.3%)and mental health problems(12.5%)were more common in this clinic.Conclusion General practitioners manage a wide spectrum of health problems,but twenty common conditions account for over half of the medical encounters in a general practice.GP training should focus on these common problems that occur frequently in their patient populations.


Nurses are identifying patients who may have lymphoedema for a new survey. The Leeds lymphoedema team at Cookridge Hospital says the UK-wide survey, run by Thames Valley University, is necessary because many people are not aware they have the condition.


Glugea stephani forms xenomas in the intestinal wall and in several organs of the flounder Platichthys flesus in the Languedoc's ponds. Four characteristic stages are recognised in the development of these xenomas: reinforcement of the wall and maintenance of the host-parasite equilibrium, inflammation, granulomaformation, cicatrisation. The role of the polymorph neutrophiles is essential, first because it harbours the sporoplasm and then because it contributes to the destruction of the spores. The entire phenomenon is described at the ultrastructure level.


We report a facile one-pot synthesis of plasmid DNA-templated silver nanoparticles, which can be used as the platform for efficient gene delivery.


Hydropower operators in the Swiss Alps have noted increased reservoir sedimentation rates in the last decade. This material either originates from erodible periglacial areas, no longer stabilized by ice, or from subglacial environments, where it is transported by pressurized melt-water. In order to forecast sediment production on subyearly timescales as glaciers retreat and hydrological conditions evolve, the processes that transport subglacial sediment must be further described and integrated into numerical models. To determine and model these processes we have examined Gornergletscher in the Valais Alps.


Abstract. In this study we introduce an in-cloud wet deposition scheme for liquid and ice phase clouds for global aerosol-climate models which use a size-segregated aerosol description. For in-cloud nucleation scavenging, the scheme uses cloud droplet activation and ice nucleation rates obtained from the host model. For in-cloud impaction scavenging, we used a method where the removal rate depends on the aerosol size and cloud droplet radii. The scheme was compared to a scheme that uses fixed scavenging coefficients. The comparison included vertical profiles and mass and number distributions of wet deposition fluxes of different aerosol compounds and for different latitude bands. Using the scheme presented here, mass concentrations for black carbon, organic carbon, sulfate, and the number concentration of particles with diameters larger than 100 nm are higher than using fixed scavenging coefficients, with the largest differences in the vertical profiles in the Arctic. On the other hand, the number concentrations of small particles show a decrease, especially in the Arctic region. These results indicate that, compared to using fixed scavenging coefficients, nucleation scavenging is less efficient and impaction scavenging is increased in the scheme introduced here. Without further adjustments in the host model, our wet deposition scheme produced unrealistically high aerosol concentrations, especially at high altitudes. This also leads to a spuriously long lifetime of black carbon aerosol. To find a better setup for simulating aerosol vertical profiles and transport, sensitivity simulations were conducted where aerosol emission distribution and hygroscopicity were altered. The simulated vertical profiles of aerosol in these sensitivity studies were evaluated against aircraft observations. The lifetimes of different aerosol compounds were also evaluated against the ensemble mean of models involved in the Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and Models (AEROCOM) project. The best comparison between the observations and the model was achieved with the new wet deposition scheme when black carbon was emitted internally mixed with soluble compounds instead of keeping it externally mixed. This also produced atmospheric lifetimes for the other species which were comparable to the AEROCOM model means.


Quasi-governmental organizations are new types of organizations that perticipate in both the governmental and private sectors. They have emerged worldwide and served as government's policy-implementing tool, meeting higher social demands that neither government nor market players could handle appropriately in the past. As a result, the quasi-governmental organizations have taken an ever-larger role in our society. furthermore, they enjoy enhanced socio-economic status, and changes in economic and political environments require more of them in terms of both function and role. In other words, they have evolved through the process of adapting to changing environments and each structure's functional transformation, in order to maintain and expand their roles. In this study, we examine the current state of quasi-governmental organizations and their deployment process, and we consider various theoretical discussions on the changing characteristics of quasi-governmental organizations. We conclude with a theoretical discussion of the functional evolution of quasi-governmental organizations, which will provide the theoretical basis for further analysis of the deployment process of quasi-governmental organizations and the causes of changes to this process.


Two alkene glucosides were isolated from Dangshen (Codonopsis Radix) purchased in Chengdu, Sichuan, China. On the basis of proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data, the structures were characterized as (Z)-3-hexenyl β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and (E)-2-hexenyl β-D-glucopyranoside (2).


Economic development in Indonesia is classified as increasing in line with the reduction in the inflation rate, which has a percentage of less than 7%, this has the potential to make investors interest to invest. Stock investment is an instrument that has been chosen. One of the considerations in buying shares is by looking at the performance of companies that have been published by Bank Indonesia (BI) through the Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD). Investment analysis and prediction is important to improve economic quality, and to carry out such analysis and prediction, it requires some information about the object or target to be invested. The need for information extraction is because the available documents are still in raw form, making it difficult for analysis and computation. From these problems, a solution has emerged to perform data extraction by performing extraction stages such as preprocessing, table recognition, table decomposition, application of extraction algorithms and evaluation. With the extraction of information carried out, it produces crucial information which will later be analyzed and predicted for investment activities. The prediction is done by applying fuzzy logic as a fundamental method of making predictions. The input used to make predictions obtained from information extraction includes CR (Current Ratio), TAT (Total Asset Turnover Ratio), DER (Debt to Equity Ratio), GPM (Gross Profit Margin), ROA (Return of Assets), and ROE (Return on Equity) with the output value of PG (Profit Growth) which is a reference for investment or not investment. Using calculated profit growth in the next year will provide advice to potential investors whether to invest in the company or not. To test the feasibility of the system in this study, the Fuzzy System uses the MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) approach which results in an average MAPE value of 0.2528. And for the extraction of information using the F1score evaluation got a value of 0.94.


Climate experts from NASA will discuss recent trends in global temperatures and Arctic sea ice, as well as research now underway to better understand their impacts, during a media teleconference at 1 p.m. EDT Tuesday, July 19.


When one speaks of contemporary directions in the composition of music for the theatre, it becomes clear that the most important of these are closely connected to the invention of the tape-recorder. The impact of this machine has not been strictly limited to composers, for it has had the effect of leading all manner of individuals, such as writers and directors, to believe that by simply pushing a button, they have been imbued with the power of musical creativity. Increasingly, the economic factor has made the cost-wise producer feel that composers and musicians are an unnecessary expense, with magnetic tape being so cheap, and there being so many records available from which to choose. It is, therefore, useful to describe some of the more common problems encountered with music in an average production, before examining new patterns in the use of theatrical music.


Recent research on dynamic pricing of multiclass loss networks has shown that the performance of optimal static pricing approaches that of optimal dynamic (congestion-dependent) pricing in the many small sources limit. In our own work with similar models, we have found it difficult to obtain large gains over static pricing in realistic settings, even when the many small sources assumption is violated. In this paper we give an example which is a stochastic control model for congestion-dependent pricing of Internet services. Our formulation captures the basic tradeoff in allocating bandwidth to two classes of users in maximizing average net revenue. Optimal pricing requires that the ISP anticipate and respond to changes in bandwidth consumption. Our goal is to quantify the gain that can be achieved through dynamic pricing over open loop pricing strategies which may or may not account for time-of-day effects. We frame the problem as a continuous-time Markov decision process for which we numerically compute optimal solutions.


The shape of the electron paramagnetic resonance line in case of the dense ferroelastic domain structure is theoretically derived. This shape is compared to the EPR lineshape of chromium admixture ions in lead phosphate for the spectrum obtained in the vicinity of the first order ferroelastic phase transition on cooling run.


In this project, quasi network based sparse matrix converter and a compensation method based on a fuzzy logic controller to compensate the input voltage. The structure of an SMC to reduce the number of unipolar power semiconductor switches employs a quasi network to overcome the inherent limitation of the low voltage transfer ratio of conventional matrix converters. Although the SMC is a two-stage converter, it directly connects between a source and a load through a quasi network, which is designed to have smaller passive components as the only purpose is voltage boosting. The operational principle of the SMC is described and its modulation strategy is explained. Simulation results are shown to verify the feasibility of the SMC and its operation.


TITLE PAGE "And Be the Nation Again: A Consideration of the Scottish Nationalist Movement and Scottish National Party"
 by Zachary P. B. Agatstein


Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) allows you to determine the discrete spectrum of a signal. Due to the presence of its high-speed implementation, called Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), this transform is widely used in digital signal processing (DSP). Most DSP tasks that deal with analogy signal and spectrum adapt the DFT to find the signal spectrum between harmonics. One of the most commonly used ways of such adaptation – the use of window functions. The analysis of standard window functions (Kaiser, etc.) showed that their direct application to solving the problem of estimating the parameters (frequency, amplitude, and phase) of nonharmonic sinusoidal components of signals leads both to the need for additional corrections of the estimation results and to additional errors in determining the phase of the signal. The paper proposes a method that allows building a window function without the indicated drawbacks based on standard window functions. The essence of the method is to transform the standard window function so that its spectrum does not contain imaginary components, and the amplitude of the fundamental harmonic would be equal to 1. The results of modeling the proposed method on the example of the Kaiser window showed that the phase estimate of the nonharmonic components of the spectrum using the obtained window function, in contrast to the estimate using standard window functions, is not displaced.


The economic losses and casualties in an earthquake are largely related to the destroyed degree of the buildings .it is important to analyze the capability of building to resist an earthquake. Based on the data of buildings in central Hefei city from an investigation for their qualities of earthquake proof, which is a part of project named "Earthquake Disaster Reduction Information System for Hefei City", the quality of earthquake proof has been evaluated by using vulnerability analysis. The conclusion is that for the buildings which is designed to resist intensity Ⅶ, if they are stricken by an earthquake in intensity Ⅶ, the most of houses with miltilayered brick stone structure will be in light or medium destruction, where as the most of miltilayered houses with reinforced concrete framed structure will be almost no destruction.