This study examined 1) undergraduates' learning achievement in a fundamental English course that included activities with a Facebook group; 2) the level of students' attitudes toward learner autonomy; and 3) the level of their attitudes toward Facebook use in an English course. The subjects in the study were first-year undergraduate students that had registered for fundamental English course at King Monkut's University, North Bangkok (KMUTNB). They were selected using the convenience sampling method, and were organized into an experimental group. Students were provided with additional activities or homework with the Facebook group. The results indicated that the students' learning achievement was not in accordance with the efficiency criterion and the levels of their attitudes toward learner autonomy during the three phases studied were significantly different. However, the students' attitudes toward integrating Facebook into an English course were found to be positive. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nelta.v18i1-2.10335 Journal of NELTA, Vol 18 No. 1-2, December 2013; 115-132


BACKGROUND
Cigarette smoke and asbestos are recognized causes of lung carcinoma and together promote carcinogenesis. Adenocarcinoma is currently the most common cause of lung cancer in the USA and it has been linked to both smoking and asbestos exposure. Mutations in the epidermal growth factor gene receptor (EGFR) occur predominantly in non-smokers with adenocarcinoma. Methods Mutations in the EGFR gene were investigated using next-generation sequencing.

RESULTS
We report the presence of EGFR exon point mutations in the pulmonary adenocarcinomas of three never-smokers occupationally exposed to asbestos.

CONCLUSION
The role of asbestos as a possible cause of EGFR mutagenesis requires further investigation. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:306-309, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The objective of this retrospective observational study was to compare the status of permanent first molars among grade 3 students who had and did not have permanent first molars sealed when they were in grade 1 in academic year 2005. Secondary data was drawn from Yim Sodsai project.The total number of 1,604 samples whose four permanent first molars were fully erupted, caries free, no previous sealed and needed to be sealed were divided into sealed and unsealed groups by using the criteria of having sealant in permanent first molars and primary caries status. Descriptive statistics, chi square and independent t-test were used to analyze the data.The result of this study showed that permanent first molars caries free rate of sealed and unsealed group were 84.1 and 80.6 percent respectively, yet, sealed status was not statistically associated with caries free status (p>0.05). The average number of decayed, missed and filled teeth (DMFT), decayed teeth (DT), missed (MT) and filled teeth (FT) of the sealed group were 0.27 (SD 0.73), 0.20 (SD 0.63), 0 and 0.07 (SD 0.37) respectively. DMFT, DT, MT and FT of the unsealed group were 0.32 (SD 0.73), 0.27 (SD 0.63), 0.003 (SD 0.05) and 0.04 (SD 0.27) respectively. The DT of the sealed group (0.20, 0.63) was statistically different from the unsealed group (0.27, SD 0.63) (pvalue 0.044). Among the students who had average number of decayed, missed and filled primary teeth more than six (dmft >6), those whose permanent first molars were sealed were likely to be  caries free in permanent first molars 1.77 times than those who were not (p-value 0.004). Key words: sealant, caries free status, permanent first molars, grade 3 students


Mass-productive 0.5 /spl mu/m embedded FRAM with triple layer metal (one local interconnect and two Aluminum interconnects) has been developed. Fabrication processes are fully compatible with high-end logic LSIs using W-CVD via filling process. Using the high performance PZT capacitor and optimized metallization processes, we achieved high retention reliability even after triple layer metal process.


A suitable for generating units to optimize the combination of improved genetic algorithm(IGA),the method can effectively overcome the basic unit of genetic algorithm in the lack of fast search and easy convergence and robust features.IGA do with law Will be a real power system unit to optimize the combination of the results showed that this method more effective,have a good prospect.


Alpha activity (frequency 7.5-13 Hz) can be part of the normal sleep EEG but is also often found during sleep in disorders such as psychophysiological insomnia, inadequate sleepand wake hygiene, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic fatigue syndrome and after sleep deprivation. The presence of alpha activity in sleep, "alpha sleep", is not limited to one specific sleep-stage or one particular part of the night. Patients with alpha sleep do not perform worse on tests that measure attention, concentration, memory, and reaction time. Alpha-sleepers overestimate their sleep length and underestimate the intermittent waking periods during sleep. There is no relationship between alpha sleep, number of awakenings and sleep efficiency. The clinical significance of alpha sleep is not clear. The results of our previous pilot-study showed that 15 out of 21 patients having a clear alpha-peak during NREM sleep felt tired and not rested. Because of the shortcomings of that pilot study (retrospective character) we performed a prospective study on a larger population and increased the amount of questionnaires to encompass the patients' fatigue.


The present study was conducted to examine the effects of cholinergic stimulation and membrane depolarization on secretion of epinephrine (EP) and norepinephrine (NE) in the perfused model of the rat adrenal gland and to investigate the effect of bromocriptine on secretion of EP and NE evoked by these secreta-gogues. Acetylcholine (ACh, 5.32 mM), high (56mM), 1.1-dimethyl-4-phenyl piperazinium iodide (DMPP, 100 M for 2 min), (3-(m-cholro-phenyl-carbamoyl-oxy)-2butynyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (McN-A-343, 100 M for 2 min), cyclopiazonic acid (10 M for 4 min) and methyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3-nitro-4-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl) -pyridine-5-carboxylate (Bay-K-8644, 10 M for 4 min) evoked a 1.3~5.3-fold greater secretion of EP than NE in the perfused rat adrenal gland. The perfusion of bromocriptine (1-10 M) into an adrenal vein for 20 min produced relatively dose-dependent inhibition in secretion of EP and NE evoked by ACh, high , DMPP, and McN-A-343. Moreover, under the presence of bromocriptine (1~10 M), releasing responses of EP and NE evoked by cyclopiazonic acid and Bay-K-8644 were also greatly reduced. Taken together, these results suggest that cholinergic stimulation and membrane depolarization enhance more release of EP than NE in the perfumed rat adrenal medulla, and that bromocriptine inhibits the release of EP and NE evoked by stimulation of cholinergic receptors as well as by membrane depolarization. It seems that this inhibitory effect of bromocriptine is associated with inhibition of calcium channels through activation of dopaminergic D2-receptors located in the rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cells.lls.


Chronic inhalation of aerosols of different Cd compounds by rats gave sufficient evidence that inhaled Cd is a lung carcinogen in rats. In contrast, the evidence in humans has been termed limited that inhaled Cd causes lung cancer in occupationally exposed humans. In order to assess the carcinogenic potential of ambient air concentrations of Cd, the accumulated dose of Cd in lung tissue from a rat inhalation study was modelled taking into account deposition and retention of Cd in the lung. A lung Cd—cancer incidence relationship could then be established, and an equivalent human exposure could be calculated using man specific pulmonary Cd retention and deposition data for Cd containing particle sizes in the ambient air. Linear interpolation to low doses showed that the pulmonary carcinogenic risk from inhalation of environmental airborne Cd is generally very low, but may reach about 1 × 10‐4 in polluted industrialized areas. Combined exposures to Cd plus other carcinogens or air pollutants may increase th...


Provided are a touch induction layer and manufacturing method thereof, the manufacturing method of the touch induction layer comprising the following steps: (a) forming a first conductive layer on a substrate; (b) forming a second conductive layer on the first conductive layer; (c) synchronously patterning the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer to respectively form a patterned composite conductive layer and at least one peripheral lead; and (d) removing the second conductive layer from the patterned composite conductive layer to form at least one electrode, the peripheral lead(s) being electrically connected to the corresponding electrode(s). The present invention utilizes the manufacturing step of synchronous patterning to form an electrode and a peripheral lead, thus simplifying production process and improving manufacturing efficiency.


Using a plane-wave expansion method we have computed the band structure for a scalar wave propagating in periodic lattices of dielectric spheres (dielectric constant e, ) in a uniform dielectric background (e&). All of the lattices studied (simple cubic, bcc, fcc, and diamond) do possess a full band gap. The optimal values of the filling ratio f of spheres and of the relative dielectric contrast for the existence of a gap are obtained. The minimum value of the relative dielectric contrast for creating a gap is also obtained. These results are applicable to the problem of classical-wave propagation in composite media and relevant to the problem of classical-wave localization. I. INTRODUCTION Recently, there has been growing interest' in the studies of the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves in three-dimensional (3D) periodic andlor disordered dielectric structures (photonic band structures). The reasons for this interest are both fundamental and practical. The possibility of the observation of Anderson localization of EM waves in disordered dielectric structures, where the strong el-el interaction effects entering the electron-localization problem are absent, is of fundamental interest. ' Also in analogy to the case of electron waves propagating in a crystal, classical EM waves traveling in periodic dielectric structures will be described in terms of photonic bands with the possibility of the existence of frequency gaps where the propagation of EM waves is forbidden. The potential applications of such photonic band gaps are very interesting. It has been suggested that the inhibition of spontaneous emission in such gaps can be utilized to substantially enhance the performance of semiconductor lasers and other quantum electronic devices. Photonic band-gap materials can also find applications in frequency-selective mirrors, bandpass filters and resonators. Moreover, electromagnetic interaction governs many properties of atoms, molecules and solids. The absence of EM modes inside the photonic gap can lead to unusual physical phenomena. For example, atoms or molecules embedded in such a material can be locked in excited states if the photons to be emitted to release the excess energy have frequency within the forbidden gap. In addition, John has proposed that Anderson localization of light near a photonic band gap might be achieved by weak disordering of a periodic arrangement of spheres. It is therefore, very important to obtain structures with a frequency gap where the propagation of EM waves is forbidden for all wave vectors. Yablonovitch and Gmitter have demonstrated the soundness of the basic idea of photonic bands in 3D periodic structures in an experiment using microwave frequencies, where the periodic structures can be fabricated by conventional machine tools. In addition, a photonic gap in a face-centeredcubic (fcc) dielectric structure was reported. During the same period, theoretical studies of the propagation of EM waves in 3D periodic structures began. ' At first, the photonic band structures have been examined theoretically in the scalar-wave approximation ' in which the vector nature of the EM field is ignored. It soon became apparent' " that not so many aspects of the experimental photon bands in periodic dielectric structures can be understood in terms of scattering of scalar waves. However, the scalar-wave approach is directly applicable to the scattering of acoustic waves, an area of equally active interest and to the localization of acoustic waves. ' ' Recently, by expanding the EM fields with a plane-wave basis set, Maxwell's equations were solved exactly, ' taking the vector nature of the EM field fully into account. Comparison of the calculated' ' results of the fcc structure with experiment indicated that, while the experimental data and theory agree very well over most of the Brillouin zone, there are two symmetry points (8' and U) where the experiment indicates a gap, while calculations show that propagating modes exist. It is now believed that the fcc structure does not possess a full photonic band gap in the lowest bands, instead there is a region of low density of states rather than a forbidden frequency gap.


BACKGROUND
Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV), is a structural anomaly, of the lumbosacral spine which has been variably associated with, low back pain (LBP) and its presence can also result in a level being wrongly identified pre-operatively.

OBJECTIVES
To determine the incidence, pattern of LSTV and its relationship with LBP in our tertiary hospital.

METHODS
A retrospective review of lumbosacral spine radiographs of 561 one consecutive patients with history of LBP was done from January 2006 to January 2008. The presence or absence of LSTV and degenerative changes were documented.

RESULTS
Fifty-one ((9.1%)) out of 561 patients had LSTV. Type II (incomplete) LSTV was the commonest type, occurring in 86.3% of patient with LSTV. Patients less than 30yrs with LBP and LSTV had no degenerative changes, while all patients with LSTV above 50 yrs had degenerative changes.

CONCLUSION
Lumbosacral transitional vertebrae type II was the commonest seen in this study, furthermore, LSTV appears to be a causative factor of LBP in young individuals. Careful evaluation of spinal radiographs of patients with LBP belonging to this group is advocated to assess for the presence or absence of LSTV.


Lead (Pb) is the most abundant heavy metal contaminant in the environment. Pb accumulates in plants and affects human health. Pb exposure causes oxidative stress and affects growth and physiology of plants; and disrupts various biochemical attributes. Pb causes oxidative stress in plant roots and produces free radicals, which in turn act on the unsaturated lipids in the membranes, leading to an autocatalytic chain reaction called lipid peroxidation and damages cell membrane. The current review focuses on how Pb disrupts cellular structure, damages cell membrane, alters the number and structure of mitochondria and disrupts nuclear integrity. Pb exposure induces structural anomalies in the plant roots. Root surface exhibit withered cells and dense growth of root hairs. Primarily Pb moves into apoplast, however, higher concentrations of Pb may interrupt the casparian strips of the endodermis allowing Pb ions to move into the vascular tissue of the plant. Increase in the number of mitochondria can be attributed to the enhanced demand of ATP generation to combat Pb-induced stress. The alterations in ultrastructure of nuclei relates directly to the decrease in transcriptional and translational activity.


The elemental composition of Apium graveolens L seeds of root (Cupid and Root gribovsky) and leaf varieties (Samurai and Tender) was determined using x-ray fluorescence analysis. In quantitative terms, the macronutrients are dominated by Ca (1.59-2.24% dry matter) and K (0.8-1.28%), as well as Na, P, S, Mg, and microelements – iron, zinc and manganese. It is shown that there is a wide variability of indicators for macro-and microelements. Significant varietal differences in accumulation were noted for sodium, silicon, chlorine, strontium (variability of more than 70%), as well as aluminum, iron, titanium, nickel, copper, and bromine. Varieties Cupid is characterized by increased accumulation of iron, silicon, sulfur, potassium, titanium, zinc, zirconium; varieties Samurai – sodium, phosphorus, sulphur, chlorine, calcium; varieties Tender – potassium, manganese, copper, bromine, and barium; Root gribovskiy – manganese and bromine. A high level of variation in the elemental composition of celery seeds of root and leaf varieties makes it possible to select plants that differ in an increased content of deficient macro-and microelements.


It was clarified that speeding-up of passive dynamic walking (PDW) of a combined rimless wheel (CRW) can be achieved by adjustment of the phase difference between the fore and rear legs. We discussed the mechanism from the viewpoint of overcoming the potential barrier, and pointed out that the trajectory of the whole center of mass (CoM) is significantly flattened according to the phase difference as one of the factors. This paper investigates the possibility of speeding-up of a CRW not by having the phase difference but by adding a passive wobbling mass that vibrates up and down in the body. Our expectation is that the wobbling mass would flatten the whole CoM trajectory to realize an efficient walking. First, we numerically show that the walking speed increases by the effect of the wobbling mass and that the gait efficiency changes with respect to the viscoelasticity. Second, we analyze the transition from anti-phase to in-phase phase oscillation focusing on the frequencies of the CRW and wobbling mass. We also show nonlinear characteristics such a high sensitivity to initial conditions and hysteresis phenomenon. Furthermore, the validity of the simulation results is verified using an experimental CRW machine.


We have developed a simulation technique, based on a dynamic mean field theory to describe the evolution of a melt of liquid crystalline polymers that is quenched below its isotropic–nematic transition temperature. The polymers are described by chains characterized by a bending energy depending on the angles between consecutive chain segments and a Maier Saupe term accounting for the effect of mutual alignment of the segments in the melt. The equations for the time evolution of the system depend on coarsened variables, which are the density ρ(r) and the orientation distribution S_(r). The density field ρ evolves according to a diffusion-type equation, whereas the orientation field S_ follows a growth equation.


The design of a data collection based on GPIB interface is proposed,and the hardware structure,interface circuit and software design of data collection is described in detail.A GPIB interface applied to the data collection makes the system can be programmed flexibly and improves the reliability of data transmission.And the system also reduces the cost of setting up a automatic test system and improves the efficiency of testers.


The effects of microgrooves and microdimples on the load-carrying performance of mechanical gas seals are compared in this study. Numerical model based on the Reynolds equation for compressible Newtonian fluid is utilized to investigate the load-carrying performance including the hydrodynamic pressure, the load-carrying force, and gas film stiffness of the gas seals. The results indicate that both microgrooves and microdimples can improve the load-carrying performance of mechanical gas seals, particularly under a small clearance condition. Furthermore, different texture patterns achieve optimal load-carrying performance at different area density, seal clearance, and depth: microgrooves with a low area density can obtain higher load-carrying force and gas film stiffness than the dimple patterns, but with high area density, elliptical dimples yield better load-carrying performance than the groove patterns. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4031435]


The clinical utility of DNA ploidy as prognostic indicator is well established for cancer. Quantitative measures of DNA are possible in cell populations with flow cytometry (FCM) and individual cells with image cytometry (ICM). Because ICM can be more accurate in 3D images of absorptive stained DNA, we studied a new 3D optical microscope, the Cell-CT™. By providing quantitative cytometry of cells moving in a microcapillary tube with 3D visualization of morphology, the Cell-CT combines attributes of both FCM and ICM. Comparing Cell-CT to standard FCM, DNA ploidy measurements of Feulgen stained cultured cancer cells were made using fully automated 3D nuclear segmentation. There was a significant Spearman's rank correlation (r=0.98, p <;0.01) between the results from FCM and Cell-CT, while determining nuclear morphology of seven different cell types. We conclude that Cell-CT provides measurements of DNA content comparable to FCM and is a valuable alternative method for assessing tumorgenesis of enriched microsamples of diagnostic cells.


Designing infographics can be a tedious process for non-experts and time-consuming even for professional designers. Based on the literature and a formative study, we propose a flexible framework for automated and semi-automated infographics design. This framework captures the main design components in infographics and streamlines the generation workflow into three steps, allowing users to control and optimize each aspect independently. Based on the framework, we also propose an interactive tool, \name{}, for assisting novice designers with creating high-quality infographics from an input in a markdown format by offering recommendations of different design components of infographics. Simultaneously, more experienced designers can provide custom designs and layout ideas to the tool using a canvas to control the automated generation process partially. As part of our work, we also contribute an individual visual group (VG) and connection designs dataset (in SVG), along with a 1k complete infographic image dataset with segmented VGs. This dataset plays a crucial role in diversifying the infographic designs created by our framework. We evaluate our approach with a comparison against similar tools, a user study with novice and expert designers, and a case study. Results confirm that our framework and \name{} excel in creating customized infographics and exploring a large variety of designs.


Many modern 5V n-channel MOS processes have been designed to operate with a negative bias supply; a typical value is -2.5V. The Post Office 5V process requires a bias voltage of this magnitude, and to eliminate the need for the user to provide this bias supply it Is intended to provide an on-chip bias generator on all our future 5V LSI circuits. This paper will discuss our current thinking on bias generator design. Observations on the charge pump showed that the inclusion of the additional transistor T2 in Figure 2 gives a very worthwhile improvement in generated bias voltage. Both simulation and observed results showed that a Schmitt trigger type of oscillator was less tolerant of processing and supply voltage variations and additionally was more difficult to interface with the driver stages. The inverter ring oscillator proved to be a very efficient design both in area and power consumption. A complete bias generator, using the circuit of Figure 4 consumed 8 mW at 5 volts supply and is our preferred design.


During fiscal year (FY) 2010, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Environmental Protection and Regulatory Programs Division (before March 1, 2011 known as the Environmental Management Services Department) staff performed a number of activities as part of PNNL's National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) compliance program. These activities helped to verify U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Pacific Northwest Site Office (PNSO) and Richland Operations Office (RL) compliance with NEPA requirements and streamline the NEPA process for federal activities conducted at PNNL. Self-assessments were performed to address NEPA compliance and cultural and biological resource protection. The NEPA self-assessments focused on implementation within the PNNL Energy and Environment Directorate and routine maintenance activities conducted during the previous calendar year. The cultural and biological resource self-assessments were conducted in accordance with the PNSO Cultural and Biological Resources Management Plan, which specifies annual monitoring of important resources to assess and document the status of the resources and the associated protective mechanisms in place to protect sensitive resources.


According to the present geologic conditions, designing the modified pillar method of excavation with felling roof coaland collapsing the roof is mandatory and that is one of the goals of this method. Considering the planned growth in production in OP-2, the need for the modification of present coal exploitation in the deposit of the 'Lubnica' pit is imposed. The fact that the present method of coal excavation marks more than 40% loss of balance reserves, which is unacceptable amount of excavation loss, is the main reason for changing the excavation method.


This paper reviews the application of radiant floors from the point of view of eco-design, integrating rainwater harvesting systems (SCALL). In order to study the behavior of these devices, an analysis is presented by means of the computational finite element method using the ANSYS ® Fluent program in student version. The simulation is carried out in a space of 1 square meter of floor covered by concrete, where a series of pipes that constitute the radiant floor are located, through which common water will be circulating whose function is to air condition domestic spaces, water that is proposed to be obtained through the SCALL, which function as a complement in applications where it is possible to use water not necessarily potable or in dual systems for the reduction of costs, without causing damage to the environment.


Flavonoids contribute to the prevention of various diseases related to oxidative stress, including cancer, due to their antioxidative properties. The database built for this study consists of 30 flavonoids with antiproliferative activity against human colorectal carcinoma HT-29. Fifteen of them, representing the class A, have intense anti-invasive activity (EC50 <; 100 μM). The rest of the compounds, representing the class LA, have low anti-invasive activity (100 μM <; EC50 <; 200 μM). In order to compute the main molecular descriptors characterizing these molecules, their geometries were fully optimized by using the AM1 semi-empirical method. The molecular descriptors have been used as input variables for Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The most relevant molecular descriptors for classifying of studied flavonoids according to the intensity of their anti-invasive activity, i.e. compounds with intense anti-invasive activity and compounds with low anti-invasive activity, have been identified based on the loadings of these variables determined for the first principal component.


The utility model discloses a wind tube producing equipment which comprises an electrical cabinet, a machine frame, a motor, a speed changer, a drive roll, a driven roller, a mechanism for regulating punching and ring compressing distances, a lateral feeding regulating mechanism, a punching mechanism, a ring compressing mechanism, a wind tube cutting mechanism and a blank pressing wheel clipping mechanism. The blow dryer producing equipment adopts a control system which comprises a PLC, a servo controller and the like to automatically control the motor, an impacting cylinder, an ordinary cylinder and the like, and working procedures of punching, ring compressing and cutting in the process of producing blow dryers are automated. The adjustment on the punching and ring compressing distance is realized via a slider-crank mechanism, the distance between the wind tube and a swinging ring can be regulated according to use requirements, and the adaptability for product specifications is increased. The lateral feeding regulating mechanism is realized via a lead screw nut mechanism, so that the production equipment can perform punching, ring compressing and cutting operations on the wind tubes with different diameters. The cutting mechanism adopts a bevel cutter so that shearing for wind tube cloth is easier.


In this article, the author discusses how we might talk about the notion of "man" in the law and considers the different changes this notion has had through different stages of its historical process.


Screening and diagnosis of early colorectal cancer( CRC) can reduce CRC mortality and improve overall survival. Currently,the major screening methods for early CRC include fecal occult blood test( FOBT) and colonoscopy.FOBT exhibits low sensitivity with high false positive rate,while the gold standard-- colonoscopy is invasive and with low compliance. Therefore,a convenient and effective screening and diagnostic method for early CRC is urgently needed.Plasma SEPT9 gene methylation assay is a new non-invasive screening and diagnostic method for early CRC used clinically in recent years,it exhibits high accuracy,and is convenient for mass screening and diagnosis of early CRC. This article reviewed the research progress and diagnostic value of plasma SEPT9 gene methylation assay for CRC.


This article presents an interview with Dr. Michael Hafner, director of driver assistance systems and active safety at Mercedes-Benz. Dr. Hafner is in charge of the design and series development of brakes, chassis and driver assistance systems, including Mercedes-Benz's Electronic Stability Program (ESP), Distronic Plus adaptive cruise control, Collision Prevention Assist, Driver Assistance Package Plus, and Active Park Assist with Parktronic. Dr. Hafner shares his ideas about key past and future safety milestones, discussing real-world performance of Mercedes-Benz safety technology; the need for original equipment manufacturers (OEM) to work cooperatively as new devices are rolled out in the vehicle fleet; and the transformation to autonomous driving or, at the least, to humans taking a less active role in vehicle safety.


To assess clinical outcomes and lifestyle modifications in diabetic patients attending a standard cardiac rehabilitation programme following myocardial infarction (MI), a retrospective longitudinal study was undertaken in a district general hospital in the north west of England. A total of 1804 patients attended the cardiac rehabilitation programme over 10 years, of whom 223 (12.4%) had diabetes mellitus. Drugs were underprescribed in all patients, aspirin and beta‐blockers especially in diabetics (75.3% vs 90.3%, p<0.0001; 38.6% vs 60.8%, p<0.0001). Smoking cessation was poor in diabetics (54.2% vs 69.1%, p<0.003) and diabetics were less likely to attend at least one session of physiotherapy (26.9% vs 58.6%, p<0.0001). Diabetics had higher mortality at one year (15.7% vs 5.6%; p<0.0001), mostly associated with cardiovascular disease (13.4% vs 5.4%, p<0.0001). Standard cardiac rehabilitation programmes appear to be less effective for patients with diabetes mellitus. We suggest that patients presenting with an existing chronic condition need specialised programmes of rehabilitation to integrate the care of that condition with their recent MI. Aggressive drug therapy following acute MI should also be prescribed in all patients when not contraindicated by other evidence.


Demographic trends in Europe towards an ageing population and a declining youth cohort point to a scissors effect of high demand for elderly care, but limited supplies of available labour to meet current and projected need. One market-based response by private households is the employment of immigrant women as carers. This article draws from an ethnographic study of a group of Filipina domestic workers employed as carers for elderly people in southern Cyprus, and offers insights into market care and contemporary globalisation. It points to foreign domestic workers as part of a process involving the commoditisation and transfer of important areas of reproductive labour.


Abstract: The link of Matthew 1:1-17 with the mission of Christ's coming into the world and evangelism, is a title of writing that expected to excite the evangelical spirit for believers. The compilation of the articles is based on the results of research and literature studies that explore the history of the writing, the use of terms, symbols, limitations, and the compilation of a list of related names in genealogy of Jesus Christ (Matthew 1:1-17). Furthermore, by discovering its theological meaning, we can assemble the framework of missionary proclamation of Christ's coming into the world in evangelistic efforts.


The science of nanotechnology is widely used in recent years, both in pharmacy and Medicine. Nanotechnology deals with systems in the scale of nanometers, usually 10-200nm. The nanoemulsions have gained practical use in many chemical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. The advantage of nanoemulsions, as opposed to conventional emulsions, is that the small particle size can resist the physical destabilization, which can be caused by gravitational separation, flocculation and / or coalescence. In addition the creaming process can be avoided because of the Brownian motion of the droplet. Unstable products usually exhibit a change in color, odor or taste and often cause skin irritation. To prevent the oxidation phenomenon antioxidants are used. This study was based on the preparation of nanoemulsion with antioxidant vitamins tocopherol acetate and b-carotene which are often used in cosmetics. The aim was to increase the physicochemical stability of the dispersion, the encapsulation efficiency and the chemical stability of antioxidants. Six nanoemulsions were prepared using two different recipes. The one recipe contained only solid in room temperature lipids in oil phase and the other recipe contained only liquid lipids. The antioxidants were encapsulated in four nanoemulsions. The other two nanoemulsions were blank. Macrogol 15 Hydroxystearate and emumeltik 900 ( phospholipids/glycolipds and phosphatidylcholine) were used as emulsifiers and distilled water was used as water phase. Six conventional emulsions with the same with tha nanoemulsions composition were also prepared as reference. The size distribution of the dispersed particles in the nanoemulsions and conventional emulsions was measured by Dynamic Light Scattering and Static Light Scattering respectively, while the absorbance of antioxidants was measured by uv-vis spectrophotometer. The colloidal stability of the emulsions, chemical stability of the antioxidants and the encapsulation efficiency were studied. The stability of the dispersion and of the encapsulated vitamins were studied upon storage at two different temperatures and after accelerating aging (three cycles of heating at 45oC and cooling to 25oC) of the emulsions and nanoemulsions. The nanoemulsions were found to exhibit higher physicochemical stability than conventional emulsions. All systems were more stable at 4οC than at 25οC. 152 Also, independent of lipid phase fluidity, the encapsulated antioxidant vitamins were more stable in the nanoemulsions than in conventional emulsions. Encapsulated vitamins exhibited higher chemical stability on storage at 4οC compared to 25οC. The LL nanoemulsion stabilized better and longer the beta-carotene than the SL nanoemulsions did on storage at 4ο C. In conclusion, the nanoemulsions exhibited higher colloidal stability than the respective conventional emulsions and provided a higher protective effect of chemical stability of the enclosed antioxidant vitamin. Therefore, the nanoemulsions represent promising systems for the development of cosmetic products with antioxidant activity.


The pre-emission of halo neutron pairs from the fusion of 11 Li with Si targets was recently investigated by the aid of a new array detector. The correlation function built from a sample of 204 true n-n coincidences, characterized by a large correlation strengh, points out to the predominant effect of final state n-n interaction. It follows that the very narrow neutron peak in the forward direction, observed in the previous investigations is due to the pre-emission of neutron pairs strongly focused by the final state n-n interaction. 11 Li, n-n coincidences, correlation function, final state n-n interaction.


We propose an efficient signal processing technique to exploit smart antennas in IS-95 CDMA. It integrates decision feedback identification (DFI) and new decision variables into the adaptive antenna beamforming scheme. These two features permit implementation of a coherent detection on the uplink without a pilot and spatio-temporal maximum ratio combining (MRC). With two antennas and nonselective fading, the additional gain in SNR achieved by either feature is as significant as the gain obtained by simple antenna beamforming over diversity combining. Up to a 2 dB performance advantage is obtained in selective fading as compared to simple beamforming.


Henry Berger, a student of William Appleman Williams, has published a testimonial to his mentor and friend. By presenting the essence of Williams's historical interpretations and political beliefs, Berger has performed a service to the historical community. Not only does this edited volume allow historians to reacquaint themselves with "the most influential American diplomatic historian of his generation," as Gary Hess has written,1 but it provides clear evidence that the historical profession needs a "new revisionism" within the changed environment following the collapse of the Cold War. The nineteen selections Berger includes are well chosen, though they parallel those Williams included in History as a Way of Learning (1973), and argument could be taken with a few. Berger provides historical and political context for each selection, and a solid biography of Williams. He arranges the selections by publication date rather than by topic, and introduces each with a paragraph stating the theme and historiographical significance. Most selections are from Williams's books and range from early and less well-crafted works like Russian-American Relations (1952) to more mature works like The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (1959/1962/1972), The Contours of American History (1961), The Great Evasion (1964), and The Roots of the Modern American Empire (1969), and to later polemical works like America Confronts a Revolutionary World (1976), and Empire at Bay (1980). This organization is ultimately rewarding as the reader witnesses the parallel developments of both a provocative revisionist historian and a passionate political activist. Williams is best known for his revisionist interpretations of American history. Such ideas as corporatism, reassessment of 1920s isolationism, America as empire, the role of economics, domestic politics, ideology and class in foreign policy, and the efficacy of Marxism as a research tool, are some of his contributions. But Williams will always be remembered for his successful challenge of the Realist school and its politically orthodox interpretation that


Abstract Ice flow speeds were measured at Glaciar Soler in northern Patagonia during the middle of the melt season (November–December) in 1998 and compared to data from 1985. In 1998 the surface flow speed was greater at all survey points, yet the ice was about 40 m thinner; the greater melt rate in 1998 probably explains these differences because of the effect of melt rate on basal sliding speed. Multiday variations in surface speed were well correlated with daily variations in surface water input, which is the sum of melt rate and rainfall. Although the basal sliding speeds vary from place to place, we obtained similar linear relationships between basal sliding speed and surface water input. This result indicates the possibility of taking account of basal sliding as a function of surface water input.


It is the purpose of this work to discuss, for an S = 1/2 ferromagnet, how recently proposed decoupling schemes may be obtained, the validity of the involved assumptions including them, and the consequences in the low-temperature range. It is suggested that the spurious T3 term present in almost all Green's functions approaches is connected to local kinematics violating treatments of the spin correlation.


This paper identifies rating verifiability as a key difference that explains why credit rating agencies (CRAs) failed to mitigate information asymmetries in the structured finance market but succeeded in the bond market. Two infinitely repeated models are analyzed. In the first, the rating is unverifiable, and there is no equilibrium where the CRA reveals its information. In the second, the rating is verified with some probability, and full information revelation is guaranteed for any verification probability, when the CRA is patient enough. The interaction between verification probability and CRA patience is also analyzed.


This study was conducted to examine the effect of diets containing various amounts of soybean meal and Phyzyme® XP on hematological indicators and serum liver enzymes in Caspian trout (Salmo caspius) with the average weight of 148.1±1.98 g for 85 days. For this purpose, 240 pieces of juvenile Caspian trout were randomly distributed in six treatments, including control treatment (basic diet) and five experimental treatments including  treatment I (basic diet + 2000 IU/kg diet of Phyzyme® XP), treatment II (basic diet containing 20% soybean meal), treatment III (basic diet containing 20% soybean meal + 2000 IU/kg diet of Phyzyme® XP), treatment IV (basic diet containing 40% soybean meal), and treatment V (basic diet containing 40% soybean meal + 2000 IU/kg diet of Phyzyme® XP) with two repetitions per treatment (20 pieces of fish per repetition). The largest amounts of red blood cells and hematocrit were observed in treatments I and III, respectively, which was significantly different only from treatment IV (p 0.05). Besides, serum levels of these enzymes in treatment V showed no significant difference from treatments II and III (p>0.05). Therefore, according to the results of the present study and no significant differences in the values of most of the parameters between the control treatment and treatment V, it is recommended to replace 40% soybean meal containing 2000 IU/kg diet of Phyzyme® XP, instead of fish meal, in order to achieve an affordable diet without any negative impact on health parameters in the Caspian trout.


A survey was carried out of a large number of UK-based small and medium-sized enterprises to assess their use of, and attitudes towards, patents and patent information. Use of patent information is closely linked to use of the patent system for protection purposes. There appears to be little correlation between attitudes towards patents and patent information and educational background or with the type of industry the company was active in. The use of intermediaries, such as patent agents, to carry out patent searches appears at times to create as many barriers as it over-comes. The general approach of Patent Offices, that failure to use patent information is dangerous and that the way to overcome this is to make patent information easier or cheaper to use, may be misguided. The situation appears to be more complex. Small and medium-sized enterprises should not be treated as a single homogeneous group and, arguably, such companies do use patent information in the most appropriate way.


1. Fluorine being the most electronegative and reactive elements of the periodic table, it does not occur in its elemental form in nature. In the solution state, fluorine tends to ionize in the anionic form fluoride (F־). Since fluoride is similar in size and charge as that of hydroxide ion (OH־), it tends to replace OH־ ion in the mineral lattice (Hem, 1985). This process of exchange of ion leads to the presence of fluoride in various minerals (Farwell et al., 2006; WHO, 2011) viz., apatite, fluorspar, hornblende, cryolite and mica (Murray, 1986). The igneous and sedimentary rocks commonly have fluoridecontaining minerals. These minerals dissolve in due course of time and result in an increase of fluoride content in the sub-surface water resources (Apambire et al., 1997; Apambire, 2000; WHO, 2004, 2011). According to, world health organization (WHO), the permissible limit of fluoride ranges from 0.6 to 1.5 mg/l in potable water. The potable water having low concentrations of fluoride reduces the occurrence of dental caries (Fawell et al., 2006; WHO, 2011) in the human population. On the other hand, even little increment in the content may cause dental fluorosis in children (0.9-1.2 mg/l; Dean, 1942; WHO, 2011 or even lower; Galagan and Lamson, 1953; Apambire, 2000) and in adolescents (1.5 mg/l) leading to permanent discoloration of the teeth, erosion of enamel and pitting (Whitford, 1997) which is a worldwide phenomenon (Fawell et al., 2006). Exposure for a longer time with a high concentration of fluoride can lead to adverse health hazards viz., skeletal fluorosis, increased risk of bone fractures, increased bone density, calcification of the ligaments and tendons and bone deformity like crippling skeletal fluorosis (NRC, 2006). Similar, reports have appeared from different parts of the world viz., India, China (Wei and Wei, 2015; Wang et al., 2007), Africa (Fawell et al., 2006; USEPA, 2010a; Craig, 2015), East Africa (Joan and Nielsen, 1999), Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia (Datturi et al., 2017) and United States (USEPA, 2010a). In India High concentration of fluoride in groundwater has been reported from different regions of Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh (Bhattacharya and Chakrabarti, 2011; Suthar, 2008; PHED, 2007; Sankararamakrishnan, 2008; Salve, 2008; Mishra, 2009; Kundu and Mandal, 2009). The impact of fluoride intake causing skeletal fluorosis is less common than that of dental fluorosis (NRC, 2006). The concentration of fluoride ion between 3 to 6 mg/l in drinking water is responsible for skeletal fluorosis while concentrations higher than 10 mg/l cause skeletal crippling in the human population (WHO, 1984, 2011).


Context Specular-Diffuse Scattering Models for Lunar Radar Backscatter: We reexamined our radar scattering model for young, rough craters [1] based on unpublished data from the 1980's [2]. Our model for scattering from the lunar surface is a mixing model consisting of varying amounts of diffuse and specular components as shown in Figure 1. The specular component, which consists of only opposite-sense circular (OC) echoes, results from the mirror-like surface and sub-surface layers that are smooth to a tenth of a radar wavelength for large (>10 wavelengths) areas oriented perpendicular to the radar's line-ofsight. The diffuse component, which has both OC and same sense (SC) circular echoes, is associated with either surface roughness (wavelength-sized rocks) or ice, and is assumed to be uniformly bright, with backscatter being proportional to the cosine of the incidence angle. Only diffuse scattering contributes to the SC echoes. In the previous version of our model [1], we assumed that diffuse scattering from rocky areas associated with young, rough craters (Erastothenian and Copernican aged) has circular polarization ratios (CPRs) of unity; ices are assumed to have CPRs of 2 (like those observed on Mercury, Mars, and the icy Galilean satellites). A new examination of unpublished 1980's data [2] indicates this diffuse scattering from young, rough craters is better represented by uniformly bright scattering where the OC component is twice that of the SC component as was originally hypothesized by Thompson [3]. Modeling Results: The veracity of our revised model is examined for 61 craters with radar backscatter enhancements in the Arecibo 70-cm images [2] by plotting predicted vs. observed OC enhancements γ =σOC θ ( ) /σOC−avg θ ( ) where θ is the angle of incidence. The predicted OC enhancement for rough, young craters as represented in our 2011 JGR paper scattering model [1] is:


Celecoxib is a poorly water-soluble drug, and bioavailability from its crystalline form is very low. The purpose of the present investigation was to increase the solubility and dissolution rate of celecoxib by preparing a solid dispersion with polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP-K30) using a solvent-evaporation method. The dissolution profiles of developed formulations in distilled water containing 1% SLS were studied. Drug–polymer interactions were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). For the preparation of celecoxib fast-dissolve tablets, a 1:2 solid dispersion with PVP-K30 was used with croscarmellose sodium as a superdisintegrant and Pearlitol 200SD (pearlitol) as a pore-forming agent. A 3 2 full-factorial design was employed to study the effect of independent variables, the amounts of croscarmellose sodium (X1) and pearlitol (X2), on dependent variables, disintegration time, percentage friability, wettability, and percentage of drug released after 20 min (Q20). The results show that a dispersion of the drug in polymer considerably enhanced the dissolution rate. The drug-to-carrier ratio is the controlling factor for dissolution improvement. FTIR spectra show no chemical incompatibility between the drug and PVP-K30. FTIR and DSC data indicate that celecoxib was in the amorphous form, which explains the faster dissolution rate of the drug from its solid dispersions. Concerning the optimization study, multiple regression analysis reveals that an optimum concentration of croscarmellose sodium and a higher percentage of pearlitol are required for obtaining rapidly disintegrating tablets.


Augmented Reality is a technology that support for visual augmentation, augmenting digital object in visualization. Some of AR research creating interaction using hands such as motion detection[Kato, dan Mark, 2005]. Gesture based[Volkert, Stephen, Mark, 2004], or tracking marker, not only using symbol[Fakhr-eddine, dan Malik, 2004] but also using colour[Kato, Mark, Rob, dan Richard, 1999]. Those methods, has strength and weakness, but the main problem is the requirement computation level. Occlusion Based method is one of interesting method in AR. It has lower computation level however it only supports for 2-D interaction and need sufficient marker in implementation. This paper describe about Occlusion Based method which implemented on digital object in AR system for establishing lower computation. Using some marker related to some digital object in purpose physical interaction which allows choose and move digital object. That can be implemented in realtime system. Occlusion Based method be able for define interaction in chess game in AR system. Eventhough only support 2-D, it has good performance in accuration for defining the interaction and realtime performance get point 25 fps


Transfer of the National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) and regional travel surveys to the Internet is inevitable, partly because online surveys offer an efficient means of collecting data. Behavioral surveys are increasingly being offered in multiple media and giving respondents the choice of filling out the survey by using the Internet, the telephone, or other means. This study reports experience and lessons learned from transforming the computer-assisted telephone interview methodology used for the NHTS to an Internet-based method for university students, who have ubiquitous access to the Internet. The study reflects innovations in survey research methodology in the context of surveying students at large universities in Virginia. Comparisons of two rounds of behavioral surveys conducted in 2009 and 2010 are provided, and statistical models that quantify trip underreporting are developed. In an attempt to mimic closely the NHTS instrument, the Internet instrument had a relatively high survey response burden. On the basis of analysis of trip frequencies, trip underreporting was suspected in the first round of surveys. Documented here are improvements in survey design that were intended to lower the survey response burden and reduce trip underreporting. Statistical models are estimated to quantify how changes in the instrument captured more trips. Results show that survey design improvements can encourage students to recall and report 15% to 20% more trips. The study also found that, consistent with earlier studies, discretionary trips and shorter trips were more likely to be underreported. The results from this study are valuable for future regional and national survey implementations.


This paper provides new perturbation bounds for general state Markov chains with respect to various norms. The transition and stationary characteristics estimates are given in terms of the generalized norm ergodicity coefficient, the norm of a residual kernel, or the parameters given in some drift condition. In fact, those results improve and generalize, for general state-space with respect to various norms and for a more large amplitude of perturbation of the transition kernel, the bounds obtained in [1, 32, 40]. Furthermore, we improve some other inequalities established in [22, 39, 41]. Theoretical comparison and on the basis of some examples show the quality of the results obtained in this paper.


Tourism is a major source of income for the Irish economy: in 2002 there were 1.55 tourists per resident of the Republic. When high unemployment rates hit the country in the 1980s, a new niche in the tourist economy was opened in Dublin: jarveying, or taking tourists around the city by horse and carriage. Involving agency and entrepreneurship, the Dublin jarveys are of proletarian origins, coming from some of the poorest areas in the city. The fathers of many of the pioneers were carters during the petrol shortage of the Second World War and its aftermath, and sons thus had a knowledge of handling horses. They in turn trained sons and nephews and young wannabe jarveys in the trade. Conscious of their class origins, the jarveys are notable for their love of horses and their enjoyment of taking tourists on a routinized 'walk' around the city, while pointing out sites of historical or contemporary significance. They are entrepreneurs due to both need (labor market disadvantage) and desire, and have carved out for themselves a photogenic niche in Dublin's tourist economy.


This article demonstrates the necessity, the mode, the evolutive stage of the mode and the way of optimization in gov- ernments' regulation and in western development.


Recent measurements on ultra-thin body Negative Capacitance Field Effect Transistors have shown subthreshold behaviors that are not expected in a classical MOSFET. Specifically, subthreshold swing was found to decrease with increased gate bias in the subthreshold region for devices measured over multiple gate lengths down to 30 nm. In addition, improvement in the subthreshold swing relative to control devices showed a non-monotonic dependence on the gate length. In this paper, using a Landau-Khanatnikov ferroelectric gate stack model calibrated with measured Capacitance-Voltage, we show that both these anomalous behaviors can be quantitatively reproduced with TCAD simulations.


Tuberculosis remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality by a single infectious agent, particularly in developing countries such Madagascar. However, to our knowledge, isolated mediastinal tuberculosis (MTB) in the pseudotumor shape has not been described in adults immunocompetent. This unusual form have a incidence estimated about 0.25%-5.8%. It occurs most commonly in black people, and presents problems of differential diagnosis. We report a case of a young adult man immunocompetent from Madagascar affected by mediastinal mass. Diagnosis of tuberculosis was made based further biopsy by mediastinostomy and confirmed with histopathology. This case report emphasizes the importance of biopsied tissue culture for routine bacteriological examination when encountering a mediastinal mass.


A careful examination of the proper motions of all the fixed stars in the catalogues published by Messrs. Main and Stone (Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society, vols. xxviii. and xxxiii.) has led me to a somewhat interesting result. I find that in parts of the heavens the stars exhibit a well-marked tendency to drift in a definite direction. In the catalogues of proper motions, owing to the way in which the stars are arranged, this tendency is masked; but when the proper motions are indicated in maps, by affixing to each star a small arrow whose length and direction indicate the magnitude and direction of the star's proper motion, the star-drift (as the phenomenon may be termed) becomes very evident. It is worthy of notice that Mädler, having been led by certain considerations to examine the neighbourhood of the Pleiades for traces of a community of proper motion, founded on the drift he actually found in Taurus his well-known theory that Alcyone (the lucida of the Pleiades) is the common centre around which the sidereal system is moving. But in reality the community of motion in Taurus is only a single instance, and not the most striking that might be pointed out, of a characteristic which may be recognized in many regions of the heavens. In Gemini an there is a much more striking drift towards the south-east, the drift m Taurus being towards the south-west. In the constellation Leo there is also a well-marked drift, in this case towards Cancer.


The recent establishment of political devolution in Scotland and Wales would appear to herald far greater national, and eventually regional autonomy within a British state long dominated by England. However, support for devolution in Wales remains, at best, ambivalent; in contrast to Scotland where devolution is far more strongly supported. Much of this can be explained by the fact that Wales, unlike Scotland, is almost indistinguishable from England with respect to its institutional structure. As such, Wales has historically sought a distinctive identity from England principally through the promotion and retention of Welsh language and culture within rather than outside these shared institutional arrangements. This, in turn, has led in recent years to a significantly increased role for the Welsh language in the public domain in Wales, after centuries of proscription, and the emergence of a nascent Welsh bilingual state. The prospect of greater self-government is likely to solidify these developments. However, it can be argued that the contribution of Wales is most significant here not as an example of political devolution but as a model of ethnolinguistic democracy. In this latter respect, Wales provides us with a democratic model that specifically accommodates and promotes bilingualism and minority language rights while, in so doing, redefining the traditional role of language(s) in the nation-state. Both these aspects offer important lessons for the rest of Europe's nation-states which, despite moves to greater political devolution and regionalism, often remain reluctant to protect, let alone foster the minority languages still spoken within their borders.


Fostering positive role perceptions is an important process related to individual and team success (Carron, Hausenblas, & Eys, 2005). To date, research concerning role perceptions in sport has focused primarily on cognitive aspects of roles and to a much lesser extent on role-related affect. Role satisfaction is defined as a pleasurable emotional state resulting from the perception of one's role as fulfilling or allowing the fulfillment of one's important role values (Locke, 1976). In sport, preliminary research has demonstrated that role satisfaction is positively linked to other role elements (e.g., role efficacy, role clarity) as well as team cohesion (Bray, 1998). However, researchers have noted the absence of a comprehensive conceptualization of role satisfaction, as well as the lack of a psychometrically sound measurement tool. The purpose of this communication is to propose a multi-dimensional model of role satisfaction in sport, developed through a comprehensive review of role satisfaction literature in both sport and organizational psychology. The proposed model contains seven dimensions: satisfaction with (a) skill utilization, (b) personal role significance, (c) team role significance, (d) autonomy, (e) feedback, (f) recognition, and (g) a general dimension of overall role satisfaction. Each of these dimensions is posited to be an essential component of understanding an athlete's perception of satisfaction with his/her role. Potential implications and future directions will be discussed.


The number of authors collaborating to write scientific articles has been increasing steadily, and with this collaboration, other factors have also changed, such as the length of articles and the number of citations. However, little is known about potential discrepancies in the use of tables and graphs between single and collaborating authors. In this article, we ask whether multiauthor articles contain more tables and graphs than single‐author articles, and we studied 5,180 recent articles published in six science and social sciences journals. We found that pairs and multiple authors used significantly more tables and graphs than single authors. Such findings indicate that there is a greater emphasis on the role of tables and graphs in collaborative writing, and we discuss some of the possible causes and implications of these findings.


Introduction Part 1: Specters Of War 1: Ruptures of History: Trauma, Memory and the Archive in Beaufort 2: Spectacles of Pain: War, Trauma and Male Masochism in Kippur Part 2: Trauma and Ethnicity Chapter 3: Restaging the Primal Scene: Melancholia and Ethnicity in Cinema Egypt and Desperado Square Chapter 4: Recycled Wounds: Trauma, Gender and Ethnicity in Or, My Treasure Part 3: Sexuality and Loss Chapter 5: The National Closet: Trauma, Loss and Sex in Yossi and Jagger Chapter 6: Phantasmatic Losses: National Traumas, Masculinity and the Primal Fantasy in Walk on Water Part 4: Trauma and Ethics Chapter 7: The Identity of the Victim: Trauma and Responsibility in Beaufort, Lebanon, Waltz with Bashir and Forgiveness


We report about a case of rupture of the pes anserinus insertion causing an anteriormedial knee instability grade () without rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament. This case demonstrates that a grade ()-instability can be caused without rupture of the cruciate ligaments just by the rupture of a so called "dynamic stabilisator" like the pes anserinus.


In this brief, the bipartite output consensus problem is solved for heterogeneous linear multi-agent systems (HL-MASs) with cooperative and antagonistic interactions. A signed graph is employed to describe the relationships among agents. Firstly, based on output regulation approach, a finite time output consensus is considered for MASs with various dynamics. Then, fixed time output consensus protocol is further designed under the state compensator for HL-MASs with signed graph. Finally, two numerical simulations are given to prove the reasonability of the theoretical results.


Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Blue light reduces pain and shows antihyperalgesic effects in a human experimental pain model. Therefore, blue light may be a novel therapeutic approach for pain in multiple conditions.


Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Archit., Grad. School of Eng., The Univ. of Tokyo, M. of Eng. Project Assistant Prof., Institute of Gerontology, The Univ. of Tokyo, Ph.D. Med Project Assistant Prof., Dept. of Mechano-Informatics, Grad. School of Information Science and Technology, The Univ. of Tokyo, Ph.D. Dept. of Geriatric Medicine, Grad. School of Medicine, The Univ. of Tokyo, Ph.D. Med. Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Geriatric Medicine, Grad. School of Medicine, The Univ. of Tokyo, MD Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Community Health Nursing, Div. of Health Sci. and Nursing, Grad. School of Medicine, The Univ. of Tokyo, M. of H.Sc Ph.D. Candidate, Div. of Clinical Psychology, Dept. of Integrated Educational Sciences, Grad. School of Education, The Univ. of Tokyo, M.Ed. Prof., Institute of Gerontology, The Univ. of Tokyo, Dr. of Eng. Prof., Institute of Gerontology, The Univ. of Tokyo, Ph.D. Med. Prof., Dept. of Archit., Grad. School of Eng., The Univ. of Tokyo, Dr. of Eng. 転倒・大腿骨近位部骨折で入院した高齢者の環境移行事例から見た 多職種による建築的な転倒予防対策の検討 <1>: 自宅内の転倒原因となる建築的要因の解明


The agricultural robot is one of the developmental trends in agricultural machinery in the 21st century. In this paper, the Creative Design of an autonomous mobile spraying agricultural robot used for fruit trees is introduced as primary content. The robot is mainly composed of control system, power system, drive system, steering system, spraying system and etc. This paper treats the designing solution in detail, gives partial parameters and the drawings including assembly, structural of vehicle frame, drive system, steering system and elevating. At the first, the application of the agricultural robot can improve the efficiency, achieve the autoimmunization of the spraying process, depress the labor intensity, it can also reduce the health influence to the laborers for working, and on the other hand, it is in favor of improving the accuracy of spraying in order to reduce dosage of pesticide and pollution of environment.


Ysome specified time is an increasing monotonic function (X) of the proportion (N) of the stimuli present which are at that time cues for that response (S +). P, = (N, + )" " (Voeks, 1950, p. 348). Y Among the selections from Guthrie's writing used to document this postulate is the following: "A response conditioned upon two separate stimuli on separate occasions will be . . . more certain if the two conditioners are presented together. Two conditioners generally are more effective than one" (Guthrie, 1935, p. 99). This selection could be interpreted in a manner other than the proportional sense in which it is taken by Voeks. It could mean that regardless of the number of non-cues (stimuli not associated with the response), increases in the number of cues present will result in increased probability of the response taking place. Thus, 5 cues would always be more likely to bring out the response than 4 cues, even though the difference in number of noncues might be tremendous, as in a comparison between those present in a busy city street and those present in a sound-proof isolation chamber. Another of the selections used to document the proportional postulate is one in which Guthrie discussed the fact that better learning sometimes occurs under conditions of excitement and suggested that this may be due to the greater contraction of muscles during excitement. "This greater contraction stimulates new fields of proprioceptive sense organs . . . These added stimuli - may become conditioners of movement and hence explain the increased certainty of conditioning" (Guthrie, 1935, p. 105). It is not clear if this statement implies an absolute or proportional interpretation of the role of available cues. The Voeks comment following the aforementioned discussion of excitement, "This 'explains the increased certainty' if one assumes Posrulate 3, that the more cues there are for the response the more likely is the response" (Voeks, 1950, p. 349) is of course, intended in the proportional sense, but tends to suggest an absolute interpretation. The present comments have not been intended to deny the existence of a proportional principle in Guthrie's writing but instead to point out the ambiguity of some of his statements in this regard. It is important that we do distinguish carefully between a proportional and absolute interpretation since the mo will yield the same prediction only when there is no substantial difference in the number of non-cues present on the separate occasions.


Efficient exploitation of the temporal and inter-view correlation is critical to multi-view video coding (MVC), and the key to it relies on the design of prediction chain structure according to the various pattern of correlations. In this paper, we propose a novel prediction structure model to design optimal MVC coding schemes along with tradeoff analysis in depth between compression efficiency and prediction structure complexity for certain standard functionalities. Focusing on the representation of the entire set of possible chain structures rather than certain typical ones, the proposed model can given efficient MVC schemes that adaptively vary with the requirements of structure complexity and video source characteristics (the number of views, the degrees of temporal and interview correlations). To handle large scale problem in model optimization, we deploy a hybrid genetic algorithm which yields satisfactory results shown in the simulations.


To conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to understand the timing and factors associated with anti‐programmed cell death protein‐1 (PD‐1)/anti‐programmed cell death protein‐1 ligand (PD‐L1) inhibitor‐induced Type 1 diabetes.


In developing economies, market prices do not reflect relative scarcities and the fiscal system alone is less than adequate for the achievement of efficiency and equity goals. The use of economic, and eventually social, project appraisal continues to be a necessary policy instrument. Following the OECD-World Bank method of economic cost-benefit analysis, the article presents estimates of efficiency pricing parameters relative to two manufacturing sectors in South Africa. These estimates are partly based on medium-term policy options and projections. The choice of a sectoral, rather than a national, focus is explained by the effects of current policy reforms, which affect among others a complex trade regime, and by a varied production structure.


Abstract Astacus leptodactylus is a widespread European crayfish species with both native and invasive populations. However, in spite of its wide distribution, studies regarding its activity seem to be lacking. Thus, our goal was to study its preference towards shelters built from natural and artificial materials and follow its activities throughout the day in order to understand its diel activity patterns. We analyzed the video recordings of diel activities for 20 individuals to find out more about this species routine in a captive environment. Every specimen spent 22 hours in an arena with 4 different kinds of shelters provided (stone, wood, PVC pipe, vegetation). We investigated time spent in every shelter and different activity patterns throughout the analysis period. A preference for stone and wooden shelters was clearly expressed by all the individuals, independent of sex and size. Most of the activity was concentrated in close proximity to the provided shelters. Individuals exhibited both daytime and nighttime activity, with the latter being more intense, although, specimens spent almost 85% of the entire time inside shelters. Crayfish used all available shelters during our trials, proving a wide flexibility of the species towards shelter type, but the frequency of visits and time spent inside certain type of shelter varied significantly. Our study brings novel information regarding narrow-clawed crayfish shelter preference and activity in the proximity of the shelters, highlighting the importance of natural refuges in its daily routine.


Abstract : In addition to the completed doctoral dissertations listed above, various other projects were also begun. One which has been completed was the Quick-Look Tool for Tanker Deployment, a project undertaken at the request of AMC/XPY. In addition, yet another doctoral dissertation was in the process of being completed, the: Strategic Brigade Airdrop Simulation and Analysis Project. Furthermore, we have also started on a major effort to combine seamlessly and in a novel way simulation and optimization of the airlift network problems of AMC and TRANSCOM. We expect that effort to culminate in a doctoral dissertation as well. Finally, we established a working relationship with the MDPFR organization (Medical Defense Project in Reinvention) under the initiative of the USAF Command Surgeon's office. We intend to undertake some joint projects with them to improve medical services for the DOD.


The methodology of health risk assessment (HRA) is embedded in Czech legislation; the process is clearly set, those doing HRA need to be licensed. Public health authorities (PHA) use HRA as a basis for assessing negative impacts of various activities, and are obliged to evaluate the quality of an HRA and, if in doubt, to examine it or directly call for the authorizing authority to revise it. HIA does not have this support in Czech legislation. HIA has the same potential for PHA as HRA, but its use is much broader, because it identifies positive effects as well. Is there a need for more legislation? It seems that yes, partly. Czechia at least needs a clear definition of the terms (HRA and HIA are used interchangeably). It is necessary to create a HIA assessment framework. What does HIA mean for public PHA? Identification of the health profile of a community, identification of missing data sources, current research of scientific literature on the given impact, identification of problems in the territory, prioritization of health impacts and their reflection in measures and health policies. It gives the opportunity to open the discussion with stakeholders and set up projects focusing on health. HIA opens the door for problem-solving, promoting positive impacts, protecting vulnerable groups and reducing distribution of inequalities in the population. Is it possible to use HIA without a national law? The Liberec Region has been using a unique way of implementing HIA into its regulations, which can be issued by the Regional Council in delegated powers. The reason for initiating this process was the absence of health assessment in regional policies. PHA requires an HIA and to evaluate the quality of the HIA, PHA uses a checklist. But the time has come for the next step of HIA implementation, to put it into urban planning. The first step has already been taken; we have prepared a project with GIS experts and urban planning.


A previously described Taenia saginata HDP2 DNA sequence, a 4-kb polymorphic fragment, was previously used as the basis for developing PCR diagnostic protocols for the species-specific discrimination of T. saginata from T. solium and for the differentiation of T. saginata from T. asiatica. The latter was shown subsequently to lack the required specificity, so we undertook genetic studies of the HDP2 sequence from T. saginata and T. asiatica to determine why, and to develop a novel HDP2-PCR protocol for the simultaneous unambiguous identification of human taeniids. Sequencing and further analysis of the HDP2 DNA fragments of 19 Asiatic isolates of T. saginata and T. asiatica indicated that the HDP2 sequences of both species exhibited clear genomic variability, due to polymorphic variable fragments, that could correspond to the non-transcribed region of ribosomal DNA. This newly observed polymorphism allowed us to develop a novel, reproducible and reliable HDP2-PCR protocol which permitted the simultaneous discrimination of all T. saginata and T. asiatica isolates examined. This species-specific identification was based on, and facilitated by, the clear size difference in amplicon profiles generated: fragments of 1300 bp, 600 bp and 300 bp were produced for T. asiatica, amplicons of 1300 bp and 300 bp being obtained for T. saginata. Control T. solium samples produced one amplicon of 600 bp with the HDP2-PCR protocol. The assay has the potential to prove useful as a diagnostic tool in areas such as South East Asia where T. saginata, T. asiatica and T. solium coexist. Findings Human taeniasis results from intestinal infection with the adult tapeworms Taenia saginata, Taenia asiatica or Tae-nia solium. Ingestion of eggs of T. saginata and T. solium/ T. asiatica causes cysticercosis in cattle and pigs, respectively. Importantly, T. solium eggs can also infect man, giving rise to human cysticercosis, with the frequent localization of the metacestodes in the brain, causing potentially fatal neurocysticercosis (NCC) [1-3]. Infection with T. solium is therefore a serious public health problem, notably in endemic areas (Latin America, Africa, Asia), but also in non-endemic areas due to imported cases [4]. Hence, and as an essential part of transmission control programs, there is an immediate and practical need for reliable and species-specific diagnosis of human taeniasis caused by T. saginata, T. asiatica and T. solium in order to identify tapeworm carriers, particularly those with T. solium, thus helping to avoid transmission of cysticercosis/NCC. Until recently, species-specific diagnosis of taeniasis was unsatisfactory. …


Heavy minerals have long been used as a tool to interpret sedimentary deposits. Generally, they are used in determining provenance, tracing transport paths, mapping dispersal patterns, depicting the action of hydraulic regimes and selection processes, locating potential economic deposits and understanding diagenetic processes ( , 1989; and 1999). In the present work, heavy mineral analysis is applied as a contributor to the interpreting of recent sedimentary infilling of the Douro estuary (Portugal), along with other mineralogical and sedimentological attributes. For this purpose, data were obtained within the "Envichanges" project, whose main objective is to outline an evolutionary model for this estuary since 14000 BP ( , 2002). The Douro estuary is located in the northern Portuguese coast, south of Porto. This narrow funneled estuary is partly barred by a sand barrier ( ) that develops from the south and shelters the S.Paio Bay ( , 2002). Three cores were obtained by rotary drilling in this estuary: Core 1 (+3.5/-4.4m depth), 1B (-6.6/-16.2m depth) and 2 (15.16/ -39.66m depth) (Fig. 1). These cores can be considered as being representative of the continuous sedimentary sequence present in the southern margin of Douro estuary ( ., 2002).


The fungi strains were tested in Bioscreen automated system to select the best nutritional source. Following, shaking submserse cultures were studied in media containing sole carbon or nitrogen source. The growth of these strains improved in media containing vegetable oil, with high concentration of lipids. The high concentration of γ-linolenic acid was obtained with M. circinelloides in culture containing sesame oil.


Water erosion represents washout of the top fertile layer of ground under the action of thawed snow or storm rains. It is ancient and serious threat for all types of soil. Erosion harms an arable land as the ground is the main mean of production, a source of agricultural production harmful; washout of ground in the territory of arable lands conducts to reduction of the top fertile layer of ground humus horizon, to carrying out from ground of the major microcells necessary for plants nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, etc. the Major property of ground fertility, and it is lost during development of erosive processes. In territory of an agricultural zone of Krasnoyarsk region and all territory of Siberia this problem is set very seriously. Soil erosion receiving the increasing development brings huge harm to the nature and an agriculture. Now there are ways of calculation and methods of struggle against erosive processes. But the problem is known that techniques of measurement and calculation of erosion ground are insufficiently approved in conditions of Siberian climate and completion and specification for wide practical use in this territory are demanded.


n industry, as well as in cities, a large amount of solid waste is produced, some of which is partially recycled or is disposed of in its entirety in landfills, thereby generating negative environmental impacts. Of this waste, industrial waste glass from many application sources is a major source of pollution. In developed countries, efficient glass recovery and recycling systems are well implemented to avoid waste glass landfilling and its disastrous environmental and economic effects. Yet no effective glass recycling system is established in Oman and many other developing countries which lead to a huge amount of waste glass landfilled and thrown out in the ground. This causes a considerable economic loss and environmental issues. In the search and for an alternative exploitation of solid waste, various applications have arisen, some of which are related to constructions sector. This research study the use of mixed color waste glass fragments collected from a local Aluminum workshop in Maabilah, ground to approximately a size of cement and used at various replacement levels of Portland cement in mortar production. The results shows that this replacement is possible and even lead to an improvement to some mortar properties if the amount of cement and the glass powder (GP) in the mortar mix are well optimized. Out of this research, GP can improve the flowability of mortar and reduce both water and superplasticizer (SP) demand. The use of GP enhanced the long-term compressive strength, led to a better resistance against chloride penetration, acid and sulphate attacks. The combination of conventional supplementary cementitious materials with GP reveals to be very efficient and promising. Moreover, the use of GP in the mortar has resulted in a reduction in the thermal conductivity and hence a better heat insulation property.


Based on the geometric dimensions of the CLARK-Y wing profile used in the design of various aircraft models, the calculations of its main aerodynamic characteristics were carried out. Taking into account the developed method of protecting the wing of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) from icing, changes were made to the profile structure taking into account the installation features of the anti-icing system (AIS) elements. Both profiles are digitally entered into the XFLR5 program, where the aerodynamic quality of the wing was calculated before installing the AIS elements and with the elements installed. Wing polarities were obtained, on the basis of which conclusions were drawn about the possibility of using the developed AIS.


In this paper, we introduce packet low-density parity-check (packet-LDPC) code for frequency-hop packet radio networks. We propose one concatenated coded architecture of employ ding an inner RS code and a packet-LDPC code as the outer code. Then we present simulation results of the LDPC/RS concatenated coded system compared with RS/RS concatenated coded system with noise and partial-band interference. Results show that this proposed LDPC/RS concatenated coded architecture provides good packet erasure correction performance and very low encoding and decoding complexity for frequency-hop packet radio system with the presence of noise and partial-band interference


Significant transformations in the technologies of e-catalog building in the area of local history are discussed. The author examines the main changes. She focuses on the local lore and history e-catalogs of the RF libraries and their specific features. The document support of the catalog development is presented. Based on the element structure of the technological process (goal, objects, subjects, resources, processes, instruments, methods, regulation documents, and results), the transformations in the technology are revealed. The author concludes that these changes are due to the expanding objects covered by the catalogs (including the networked); complicating regulations for the objects (mandatory competences for machine-readable cataloguing); radical changes to the advantage of digital information resources; need for continuing upgrade of hardand software; exacerbating problems of linguistic support of machine-readable cataloguing; new regulations, etc. The author also points to significantly complicating technologies. The author suggests that the solution may lie in labor consumption and efficiency calculations for the processes of the e-catalog elements design and use.


We investigate the THz emission characteristics of ferromagnetic/non-magnetic metallic heterostructures, focusing on thin Fe/Pt bilayers. In particular, we report on the impact of optimized crystal growth of the epitaxial Fe layers on the THz emission amplitude and spectral bandwidth. We demonstrate an enhancement of the emitted intensity along with an expansion of the emission bandwidth. Both are related to reduced spin scattering and higher interface transmission. Our work provides a pathway for devicing optimal spintronic THz emitters based on epitaxial Fe. It also highlights how THz emission measurements can be utilized to characterize the changes in out-of-equilibrium spin current dynamics in metallic heterostructures, driven by subtle structural refinement.


surface oftheir own. True selfnessabides in spon taneity, and spontaneity isorganized and schematically condensed by Constellations l manifesting itself in the communication of consonance of the communicating exper iment, equally with the chosen direction and the subject of observer-listener. A fea ture possessed by the work in its sequences and programmed durations, its docu mentation of the cosmos by using slidesand through the lens of transmitted distances, possesses the refinement of strong intimate dedication. Events in the various media are shaped while arriving from one centre.


This paper aims to describe Strength,Weakness, Opportunity and Threat of marketing strategy in product Express Unit PT Jalur Nugraha Ekakurir. Based on the results of the research it can be seen that marketing strategy Prudential has several major advantages than other delivery service. That has very competitive rates and flexible, reputation has been known for more than 25 years, product variations are competent, having a lot of ease one of which JNE has more than 1500 outlets.
Keywords: Express Product, SWOT


The article analyses the emergence and development of foreign policy think tanks in Russia and Turkey, as well as their role in the political decision-making process. According to the author, the reasons for the appearance of these research centres during the Cold War differ between the two countries. However, in the 1990s in both states, processes such as democratization, strengthening of civil society, especially in Russia, and the emergence of new centres of power in the form of political parties and autonomous business communities, as well as some other factors led to a quantitative increase in the numbers of research organizations. The author stresses that in Russia, most importantly, the state played the decisive role in the development of think tanks, while in Turkey it was the civil society and the business world. It should also be noted that in these two countries, think tanks actively participate in public diplomacy and promotion of the image of their countries abroad. The main conclusions of this study help to determine ways of cooperation between research centres of the two countries. The author argues that the urgence of research on this topic and the attention required from the expert community and decision-makers to the issue are underpinned by the fact that research centres serve as important tools of public diplomacy in peacetime and can play a role of agents of second-track diplomacy in times of crisis.


The goal of studying the mechanisms of action of cells that structure the immune system is to obtain additional data about the influence of immunomodulating peptides of natural origin on the possibility of regulating immune processes. The effect of enzymatic hydrolysate of lymphoid tissue of broiler chickens (EHLTBC) on the viability of culture of peritoneal and alveolar macrophages, on the morphological characteristics and functional activity of macrophages has been studied. The effect of EHLTBC on the viability of culture of peritoneal and alveolar macrophages has been investigated. Morphometric characteristics of macrophages under the influence of EHLTBC have been given. The functional activity of peritoneal and alveolar macrophages has been assessed against the background of the introduction of EHLTBC. Enzymatic hydrolysate of lymphoid tissue of broiler chickens at concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 % does not have a toxic effect on the culture of alveolar and peritoneal macrophages. EHLTBC enhances the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages, which enhances their role in the chemotaxis and immune response. The stimulating effect of EHLTBC of poultry on the ability of macrophages to adhere has been revealed.


APPROACH:Pieces of the coral were collected from reefs in the San Bias archipelago, Panama. Our work involved sampling of Montastraea annularis and M. faveolata across a variety of depths. For each colony, two pairs of microhabitats were compared: top vs. side of column or peak, and top vs. base of colony. Zooxanthellae-enriched samples were prepared from the coral tissues. Then small-subunit rDNA was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction, and the resulting products digested with several restriction enzymes. Bands on these gels were then scored for the abundance of three major genotypes, which differ in RFLP pattern. These samples were analyzed initially for differences in distribution of the different genotypes, and subsequently compared to samples taken at adjacent sites following a coral bleaching episode associated with elevated water temperatures.


Besides lowering costs and improving customer service, sharing of risk has also been identified as an advantage of supply chain collaborations. As network members complement each other to operate interdependently, risk is distributed differentially among the network partners depending on their functional contribution to the collaboration. Consequently, different forms of interdependence are possible with differing risk implications. Due to the complexity in inter-firm dependencies, supply risk within network systems has received limited attention in the supply chain literature to date. Using the Principal-Agent paradigm, this paper provides a framework for understanding the different characteristics and hierarchical distributions of supply risks associated with alternative network relationships between Principal/s and Agent/s. The framework allows researchers and practitioners to more accurately interpret not only the actual problems encountered in the assessment of supply risk within network systems, but also the relevant risk management techniques that are required.


Principles of attribution do not always apply equally in all cultures. In the present research, we use the Kantian approach of perfect and imperfect duty violations to assess how attributions are made in the United States and Korea. Perfect duties are actions that moral people are required to do, whereas imperfect duties, although not required, are actions expected of moral people. In Experiment 1, we assessed whether there were cross-cultural differences in response to perfect and imperfect duty violations. In Experiment 2, we explored the mediating role of affect in these differences. In Experiment 3, we manipulated affect to test alternative explanations for the results of Experiment 2. Results show that the process of making moral attributions differs between Americans and Koreans, and this difference is due to Koreans requiring comparatively more negative affect before making a moral attribution. Implications for cross-cultural research are discussed.


Repeated surveys have shown that all students at our university have smartphones and use them regularly both at home and in the university. Excessive regular use of anything, including digital devices, can lead to addiction which has promoted researchers to classify and label smartphone addiction as "nomophobia". Using a self-assessment survey developed at Iowa State University this papers evaluates whether nomophobia is a problem at the institution and to what extent. A non-representative sample of 104 students showed that a small minority (<3%) could be classified as having severe nomophobia and almost 40% as moderately nomophobic. The remaining students were classed as mildly nomophobic with absolutely zero students being categorized as not nomophobic. This creates a potential risk for any teacher-led activities, such as mobile learning, which encourage further use of mobile devices. It is therefore recommended that this situation be monitored and that the issue of nomophobia be included in future programs teaching digital literacy. Further research using qualitative methods is recommended to gain more accurate data and a deeper insight into how students are using their smartphones and how aware they are of the dangers of nomophobia.


Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) crystallography—an approach to structure determination that seeks to integrate solid‐state NMR spectroscopy, diffraction, and computation methods—has emerged as an effective strategy to determine structures of difficult‐to‐characterize materials, including zeolites and related network materials. This paper explores how far it is possible to go in determining the structure of a zeolite framework from a minimal amount of input information derived only from solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. It is shown that the framework structure of the fluoride‐containing and tetramethylammonium‐templated octadecasil clathrasil material can be solved from the 1D 29Si NMR spectrum and a single 2D 29Si NMR correlation spectrum alone, without the space group and unit cell parameters normally obtained from diffraction data. The resulting NMR‐solved structure is in excellent agreement with the structures determined previously by diffraction methods. It is anticipated that NMR crystallography strategies like this will be useful for structure determination of other materials, which cannot be solved from diffraction methods alone.


The properties of excited short-living electron quantum levels of positively charged fullerenes are numerically investigated with the help of the density functional theory (DFT) packages Quantum Espresso, ORCA, and VASP. Earlier, the existence of the volume-localized electron states for neutral and charged fullerenes was demonstrated analytically by making use of the model potential approach based on the unique quasispherical geometrical shape of C60. Here, we revisit this issue by verifying numerically the existence of volume-localized states and by calculating physical parameters of all electronic states with a special focus on highly charged fullerene ions. The ionization potentials of are calculated and compared with available experimental data. The photoionization cross-sections for neutral fullerene using wave functions are obtained by making use of DFT codes. We demonstrate that lifetimes of excited states vary in the range  s, and for the volume-localized levels, lifetimes are longer than those for the surface-localized states.


Coordination plays a very important role in mobile agent based applications.Unfortunately,current coordination models can't finely meet the coordination need of mobile agents.In this paper,role based coordination thinking is introduced,in which the key thinking is the separation of coordination function from the implementation of mobile agent.Then a coordination model using this thinking RBRS is given in detail,which indicates that this kind of separation not only simplifies the design and implementation of mobile agent,but also improves the scalability of whole mobile agent system.


Gait analysis was performed using a large-sized force plate in 15 patients with osteoarthrosis of the hip joint. All patients were in the advanced-end stage of coxarthrosis.Weighting-off effect, deceleration phase, acceleration phase, maximum deceleration force, maximum acceleration force, single stance phase, step length and walking speed were measured.Weighting-off effects on the un-affected side were larger than the affected side in nine patients (Group A). Weighting-off effects of the affected side were larger than the un-affected side in four patients (Group B). There were no weighting-off effects on both sides in two patients (Group C).In Group A, deceleration and acceleration force of affected side were larger than the un-affected side. On the other hand, in Group B, acceleration force of the affected side was larger than the un-affected side, but the deceleration force of the un-affected side was larger than the affected side. In Group B, step length of the affected side was longer than that of the un-affected side.


This paper introduces the characteristics and the structure of IEC60870-5-101 communication protocol,the processing of normal communication process and abnormal communication process,analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of TCP and UDP network,describes the choice of network protocols in distribution automation wireless network communication.Combined with the present problems,the paper puts forward some useful suggestions.


We study the origin of layer dependence in band structures of two-dimensional (2D) materials. We find that the layer dependence, at the density functional theory (DFT) level, is a result of quantum confinement and the nonlinearity of the exchange-correlation functional. We use this to develop an efficient scheme for performing DFT and GW calculations of multilayer systems. We show that the DFT and quasiparticle band structures of a multilayer system can be derived from a single calculation on a monolayer of the material. We test this scheme on multilayers of MoS2, graphene, and phosphorene. This new scheme yields results in excellent agreement with the standard methods at a fraction of the computation cost. This helps overcome the challenge of performing fully converged GW calculations on multilayers of 2D materials, particularly in the case of transition-metal dichalcogenides, which involve very stringent convergence parameters.