ABSTRACT Activation of transcription by Oct-4 from remote binding sites requires a cofactor that is restricted to embryonal stem cells. The adenovirus E1A protein can mimic the activity of this stem cell-specific factor and stimulates Oct-4 activity in differentiated cells. Here we characterize the Oct-4–E1A interaction and show that the E1A 289R protein harbors two independent Oct-4 binding sites, both of which specifically interact with the POU domain of Oct-4. Furthermore, we demonstrate that, like E1A, the human papillomavirus E7 oncoprotein also specifically binds to the Oct-4 POU domain. E7 and Oct-4 can form a complex both in vitro and in vivo. Expression of E7 in differentiated cells stimulates Oct-4-mediated transactivation from distal binding sites. Moreover, Oct-4, but not other Oct factors, is active when expressed in cells transformed by human papillomavirus. Our results suggest that different viruses have evolved oncoproteins that share the ability to target Oct-4 and to mimic a stem cell-specific activity.


Aimed at the bigger flow and volume of oudet moisture of the SH 93 leaf-silk high-speed expansion equipment in the primary processing line and the low indexes of moisture control capacity in Luohe Cigarette Factory,the paper holds that modifying program and installing more equipment could assure the stability of the flow and volume of oudet moisture.


Background:
 Minnesota, North Dakota and South Dakota continue to build the infrastructure to improve the system of care for patients experiencing a ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Time from symptom onset to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is a critical component for better patient outcomes. First responders are critical to the success of an effective STEMI system of care. However, about 52% of STEMI patients in these states are arriving by self-transport or personally owned vehicles instead of activating the system via 911. Ideally, the catheterization lab team would be notified by EMS personnel in the field or by emergency physicians after receiving the transmitted ECG indicating a STEMI and reducing the time to PCI.

 Methods:
 In time period, 774 STEMI patients were entered into ACTION Registry-GWTG from Quarter 3 2013 to Quarter 2 2014. The data included STEMI patients from 19 hospitals in Minnesota, North Dakota and South Dakota participating in Mission: Lifeline, an American Heart Association initiative to improve STEMI systems. The patients analyzed arrived directly to a PCI capable hospital. Patients transferred from a referring facility were excluded in time comparison. Arrival mode percentage comparison to first facility is the exception and includes all patients.

 Results:
 The median time from patient arrival at PCI center to catheterization lab arrival ranged between 22 and 31 minutes with a mean 26 minutes for patients arriving via EMS. Patients that came by personally owned vehicle had a median time from arrival to catheterization lab that ranged between 35 and 41 minutes with a mean of 38 minutes. The median time from hospital arrival to PCI had a mean of 42 minutes for patients arriving via EMS compared to those arriving via self-transport at 57 minutes.

 Conclusion:
 Patients arriving to a PCI hospital via EMS arrive in the catheterization lab and receive PCI faster than those arriving by personally owned vehicle. Thus, in the setting of STEMI, failure to activate EMS prolongs ischemic time.


In this study, influences of growth velocity and composition (Fe content) on the microstructure (rod spacing) and mechanical properties (microhardness, ultimate tensile strength and fracture surface) of Al–Mn–Fe ternary alloys have been investigated. Al–1.9 Mn–xFe (x=0.5, 1.5 and 5 wt. %) were prepared using metals of 99.99% high purity in the vacuum atmosphere. At a constant temperature gradient (6.7 K/mm), these alloys were directionally solidified upwards under various growth velocities (8.3–978 μm/s) using a Bridgman-type directional solidification furnace. The results show that two kinds of Al-rich α-Al phase and Fe-rich intermetallic (Al


Because of quick industrialization and urbanization, Delhi is seeing uncommon increment in air contamination. The arrival of unsafe gases, for example, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide isn't just hurtful to the soundness of the populace, but on the other hand is making irreversible impacts nature. The motivation behind this undertaking is to depict the execution of ease and vitality proficient air quality checking frameworks. The proposed air quality observing framework utilizes an air quality record that can be effectively translated. To show the truth of the gases being discharged around parts of Delhi. AQI considers four significant poisons: sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and ozone and benzene, SPM. By recalling information on day by day contamination levels, the EPA can indicate a number about its AQI run. The assessment results affirm the ability of the proposed framework for constant and spatial observing of air quality. Also, it is workable for the overall population to arrive at the aftereffects of air quality observing continuously.


The main attraction of being Editor in Chief of The Plant Cell is that it is such a great journal. However, this fact also represents one of the most daunting aspects of the new job. How can I ensure that the journal maintains its pole position in the ranking of plant science journals, and what can


A peculiarity of the class of Greek pottery which used to be called Naucratite but is now generally recognised as Chiot is the frequency of dedicatory inscriptions painted before firing. All told, we have parts of about two hundred specimens, from the sanctuaries of various deities at Naucratis, of Apollo Phanaios in Chios, and of Aphaia in Aegina. Though most are very short, they form the only compact collection of early East Greek writing, and it is surprising that no comprehensive study of them has yet been published. I. The Pots: The shapes on which these inscriptions occur are with very few exceptions the so-called chalice and the phiale, the two Chiot shapes which were most often dedicated. Regrettably the chronology of Chiot vase-painting is not yet closely fixed, and the inscribed sherds—partly because the finds have been very fragmentary—rarely preserve any elaborate decoration. But some general remarks may be hazarded. (1) The dark inside of most of the inscribed sherds, whether from chalices or phialae, is decorated with vegetable or abstract patterns in purple and white: this decoration seems to develop in the early sixth century.


Education may contribute with inclusion of people with disabilities in the society in at least two ways. One is to ensure access, permanence and completion of these people in the education system. The other is to teach people without disabilities to coexist and deal adequately with people with disabilities. The challenge of educating people without disabilities is relevant in undergraduate courses. Thus, this work aims to analyze disciplines of face-to-face undergraduate courses at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN, Brazil, which address the disability theme. Methodologically, a descriptive documentary study of the university undergraduate curricula was conducted in order to identify which subjects addressed the disability theme between 2008 and 2017. The analysis of disabilities types and themes covered in each discipline allowed us (1) to give an overview of the education offered by UFRN about the disability theme; and (2) to present categories of analysis and forms of data visualization which serve as instruments to analyze the education offered by Higher Education institutions. As results, this preliminary study points out improvement opportunities in the curricula of undergraduate courses at UFRN, mainly through the increasing of the number and diversity of disability types and themes covered by courses. The conclusion is that analyzes and visualizations of information could be carried out with the support of computational systems of academic management, such as the Sistema Integrado de Gestão de Atividades Acadêmicas – SIGAA (Integrated Academic Activity Management System). Similar studies can be an important evaluation tool during Higher Education management for the formation of an inclusive society.


The CALOR system has been revised to reflect a better comprehension of high-energy nuclear collisions (HETC88) by incorporating a modified high-energy fragmentation model from FLUKA87. This revision will allow the accurate analysis of calorimeters at energies of 100s of GeV. The authors discuss the fundamental physics of compensating calorimetry, the new CALOR system (CALOR89), the revisions to HETC, and recently generated calorimeter-related data on modes of energy deposition and secondary neutron production (E >


Delegates from 40 countries in Africa Europe and America converged in Dakar Senegal for the 7th Conference on Women and AIDS in Africa and the 10th anniversary of the Society for Women and AIDS in Africa. The main theme of the conference was "involving men" with satellite meetings on mother-to-child HIV transmission and on female prevention methods and strategies. Discussions focused on the needs of men women youth and children the way responses to the epidemic have evolved or excluded different groups and the need for better integration of responses. This paper presents selected highlights from various plenary sessions and workshops on the following issues: 1) involvement of men 2) involvement of people living with HIV/AIDS 3) men having sex with men and 4) AIDS and the Internet: GENDER-AIDS.


In this paper, a frequency-domain cross-layer collision-tolerant (CT) media access control (MAC) scheme is proposed for the up-links of broadband wireless networks with asynchronous users. The collision tolerance is achieved with a frequency-domain on-off accumulative transmission (FD-OOAT) scheme, where the spectrum is divided into a large number of orthogonal sub-channels, and each symbol is transmitted over a small subset of the sub-channels to reduce collisions. Such a radio resource management scheme renders a special signal structure that enables multi-user detection (MUD) in the physical layer to resolve the collisions at the MAC layer. Most existing MUDs require precise symbol level synchronization among users. The proposed scheme, however, can operate with asynchronous users. A new theoretical framework is provided to study the impacts of time-domain user delays on system performance. Both analytical and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed FD-OOAT structure with time-domain oversampling is robust to user delays and the timing phase offset caused by the sampling clock difference between the transmitter and the receiver. It is shown that the proposed scheme can achieve significant performance gains, in terms of both the number of users supported and the normalized throughput.


The article tells of the general characteristics and features of advertising business in Japan. Replete Japanese market and complicated network of retail and wholesale companies leads multiple manufactures and sellers to the development of various promotion measures in order to place their goods in the market and sell them successfully. It creates beneficial basis for those employed in advertising companies and results in high quality and great variety of advertising production. Peculiarity of Japanese advertising business as well as of its consumer market gives to the author a good topic for research, analysis and study. All the facts and information is based on the official statistical publications and personal analysis.


This paper presents a new design method of three-phase inverter for motor drives using software noise separation method. Therefore, no hardware noise separator is required. Moreover, the presented EMI filter design approach provides systematic design procedure and therefore trial-and-error overhead is not required and thereby shortening the development time and saving the cost. The presented method determines common-mode choke and differential-mode choke based upon the required impedance of to attenuate the noise. A three-phase inverter for inductor motor drives is used as the EUT and the related conductive EMI filter is designed and verified. It will be shown that EMI filter designed by this systematic design method effectively attenuates the EMI components to meet the requirement of EN 55011.


Over the last decade, image processing tools have become crucial components of all clinical and research efforts involving medical imaging and associated applications. The imaging data available to the radiologists continue to increase their workload, raising the need for efficient identification and visualization of the required image data necessary for clinical assessment. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) in medical imaging has evolved in response to the need for techniques that can assist the radiologists to increase throughput while reducing human error and bias without compromising the outcome of the screening, diagnosis or disease assessment. More intelligent, but simple, consistent and less time consuming methods will become more widespread, reducing user variability, while also revealing information in a more clear, visual way. Several routine image processing approaches, including localization, segmentation, registration, and fusion, are critical for enhancing and enabling the development of CAD techniques. However, changes in clinical workflow require significant adjustments and re-training and, despite the efforts of the academic research community to develop state-of-the-art algorithms and high performance techniques, their footprint often hampers their clinical use. Currently, the main challenge seems to not be the lack of tools and techniques for medical image processing, analysis and computing, but rather the lack of clinically feasible solutions that leverage the already developed and existing tools and techniques, as well as a demonstration of the potential clinical impact of such tools. Recently, more and more efforts have been dedicated to devising new algorithms for localization, segmentation or registration, while their potential and much intended clinical use and their actual utility is dwarfed by the scientific, algorithmic and developmental novelty that only result in incremental improvements over already algorithms. In this thesis, we propose and demonstrate the implementation and evaluation of several different methodological guidelines that ensure the development of image processing tools — localization, segmentation and registration — and illustrate their use across several medical imaging modalities — X-ray, computed tomography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging — and several clinical applications: • Lung CT image registration in support for assessment of pulmonary nodule growth rate and disease progression from thoracic CT images. • Automated reconstruction of standing X-ray panoramas from multi-sector Xray images for assessment of long limb mechanical axis and knee misalignment.


Objective:To explore the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of Shenduqing on experimental chronic renal failure (CRF).Methods:forty-two male SD rats were made into CRF model by 5/6 nephrectomy and were randomly sorted into following groups:model,Aixite,Shenduqing and Sham-operation (as blank group).By the end of the sixteenth week,collected the 24-hours urine of each rat,then killed them.To detect such marker as the blood-lipid,renal function,endothelin,uric creatinine,24-hours urinary protein,et;and to observe the pathologic changes in renal tissue by light microscopy.Results:the cholecterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein and endothelin in Shenduqing group were lower significantly than that in Aixite group,and the high density lipoprotein and plasm albumin were higher markedly than that in Aixite group (P0.05 or P0.01)Besides,Shenduqing is superior to Aixite in improving renal function and reducing urinary protein (P0.05 or P0.01),and the pathomorphologic changes in Shenduqing group is lighter than that in Aixite.Conclusion:Shenduqing can regulate the metabolism of lipid,improve the function of endothelial cells,depress the serum creatinine and blood uria nitrogen,so it can improve the renal function and postpone the processing of renal failure.


Byline: G. Swaminath Dear Friends, It is with immense gratitude and not without some pride that I stand before all of you (some of you have been my teachers and mentors) to deliver the presidential address of the Indian Psychiatric Society, South Zone, for the year 2014-15. I thank all of you who have had the faith to elevate me to this exalted position. It is customary to deliver the presidential address on a topic of academic interest or personal passion. Today I would like to take this opportunity to take you through my voyage of working with disadvantaged populations, and trying to overcome the challenges faced. This has been a sojourn of almost two decades and a major part of my professional life and I think it is time to share the joys and sorrows of my journey with professional colleagues. Many professional colleagues and friends have been co-travelers in this voyage and have assisted me on the way. While it would be almost impossible to name all, I start off with a humble heartfelt 'THANK YOU' to them, indeed very many of you right here, for being my source of guidance and strength at various junctures in this wonderful journey. An Awakening of Sorts My first contact with the Swami Vivekananda Youth Movement (SVYM) at Heggadadevanakote started in 1995 December, when Dr. R Balasubramaniam, Founder President took us around the various campuses spread over a 20 km radius and made us familiar with the activities of this organization. The SVYM was started in 1984 by a group of young doctors, just after their medical college, who settled in one of the most impoverished talukas that is Heggadadevanakote (HDKote), Mysore District, which has a large forest area and is part of the Nagarahole forest range and Niligiri bioreserve. The inundation of the forest after the construction of the Kabini dam as well as cordoning of the forest for preservation as a National park and the improper rehabilitation left the tribals helpless. They were denied their right to livelihood, ancestral place, food habits, customs and the moving into rural areas from the forest affected their ways of retaining their culture and tradition values. SVYM took the cause of these twice displaced as well as dispossessed tribals and assisted them in their felt needs of health, education and community development. Before I go further I would like to brief all of you about the health initiatives by the organisation. The first two years I worked in Hosahalli, a tribal haadi in the middle of the forest, and later at Kenchanahalli, a village on the outskirts of the forest, as more people could access psychiatric help. SVYM had a primary care centre here, earlier called Shankara Community care centre, with 10 beds which drew patients from nearby villages and the forest. However in 1998 the psychiatric camp shifted to Sargur, a commercial town in the backward taluk of HDKote where the 90 bed Vivekananda Memorial Hospital (VMH), had been built. VMH offers multi-specialty secondary care at an affordable cost to the rural and tribal populace and draws its clients from all over Mysore district. It is affiliated to the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (RGUHS), Bangalore and offers the India's first post-graduate fellowship course in HIV medicine for medical and dental professionals. The Community based services related to health are provided by SVYM through the outreach program called ROHINI (Rural oriented health initiative) and a network of grassroot level health workers called health facilitators. Their HIV control programmes, that offers comprehensive, inclusive and end-to-end care, is rated as one of the best in the country and has been hailed as a best-practice model by UNAIDS. SVYM's key focus areas have been-tribal and rural health, ayurveda (the Indian system of medicine), reproductive and child health, hygiene and sanitation, care and control of HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and blindness. …


A T cell hybridoma with unusual antigen specificity has been isolated from B10.BR mice immunized with pigeon cytochrome c. Using synthetic peptide analogues of the pigeon cytochrome c T cell determinant 81–104 we have determined that this hybridoma is specific for residues within the sequence 95–104. However, the mode by which this T cell hybridoma recognizes this determinant in the context of the I‐Ek molecule differs from all previously described T cell clones in that it is not stimulated by the moth cytochrome c analogue 81–103.


The main object of this experiment was to analyze and evaluate the effect of different covering on the overwintering rate,growth period and yield of winter rapeseed(Brassica napus) in central Gansu.The results showed that the growth period of winter rapeseed treated with covering was 2~11 days shorter compared to that of open field cultivation,and the growth stages were subsequently shortened,too.The growth period was shortened by about 11 days by plastic film covering with the best effects,and was shortened by 2 and 5 days respectively by manure and soil covering treatments.Overwintering rates of winter rapeseed under plastic film,soil and manure covering were 95.45%,81.25% and 80.77% respectively,while that of open field cultivation was 66.67%.The covering had more effect than CK on overwintering rate and agronomic characteristics.Covering could also increase the yield.Briefly,the yield in the treatments of plastic film,soil and manure covering was 5 358.3 kg/hm2,3 854.25 kg/hm2 and 3 704.25 kg/hm2,increasing respectively by 50.94%,8.57% and 4.34% compared to CK.Covering is also good for storing soil temperature.It could not only keep a better stand of seedlings but also was easy to operate.So plastic film and soil coverings are reliable ways for central Gansu winter rapeseed.


35 Background: In this study, we evaluated the prognostic significance of p53 overexpression, because it was reported that there was a significant correlation between p53 and resistance to endocrine therapy, and prognosis.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis was performed using 2,332 primary breast cancer patients who underwent surgery between 2001 and 2010. There were 1,899 cases with luminal subtypes (905 cases: HER2-negative and Ki67 low type; 808 cases: HER2-negative and Ki67 high type; and, 186 cases: HER2-positive type), 155 cases with HER2-enriched subtypes, and 278 cases with triple-negative subtypes. Luminal type was defined as ER-positive cell rates ≥ 1%, regardless of PgR status. The cut-off value of the Ki67 index was 20%. Moreover, tumor size, nodal status and nuclear grade were studied in relation to disease free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) using the Cox proportional hazard model.

RESULTS
We found that p53 overexpression was present in 10% of the patients and significantly correlated with larger tumors, younger age, positive nodes, a higher grade, negative ER/PgR, a higher Ki67, and positive HER2. The patients with p53 overexpression had significantly unfavorable prognosis, especially in the patients who only received endocrine therapy. There were 26 cases in the luminal HER2 negative and Ki67 low type group that had p53 overexpression and showed a significantly shorter DFS. In the univariate analysis for DFS, p53, Ki67, tumor size, nuclear grade and nodal status were significant factors in luminal HER2 negative type. In the subsequent multivariate analysis for DFS, the p53 status was one of the most significant factors.

CONCLUSIONS
The p53 overexpression was a significant prognostic factor in luminal type breast cancer. Therefore, the prognostic evaluation of luminal HER2 negative type breast cancer might be improved using an immunopanel, which includes Ki67 and p53. Moreover, it might isolate the patients who are resistant to endocrine therapy.


The formation of scientific outlook on development is attributed to China's reasonable exploration on the rules of socio-economic development and human-nature relationship.Such formation also results from the combination of the spirits of science and humanities.The scientific development,enriched by comprehensive spirits of science and humanities,is perceived as the soul of thoughts expected to lead China's development towards modernization.


A variational calculation of hydrogenic impurity states in a quantum well has been performed. The binding energy of donor (acceptor) levels is calculated as a function of layer thickness and of the impurity position. It is found that the ground impurity state degeneracy with respect to the impurity position is lifted, leading to the formation of some sort of an "impurity band." The density of states of this impurity band exhibits one or two peaks energetically located at the "band" extrema. This one-dimensional feature can be evidenced in the optical absorption associated with valence subband\ensuremath{\rightarrow}donor transitions, whereas acceptor\ensuremath{\rightarrow}conduction processes are almost featureless. In the case of conduction\ensuremath{\rightarrow}acceptor luminescence a smooth curve is obtained for degenerate electronic distribution, whereas nondegenerate electron\ensuremath{\rightarrow}trapped hole recombination spectra should again exhibit a double peak.


This chapter focuses on the horse dance company Samboyo Putro of Kediri. It introduces this group further by giving an account of the history of its origin and a description of its members and the number and kinds of its stage requisites. The factors prompting the foundation of Samboyo Putro and the social position of its leader, Pak Samboyo, have turned out to be crucial for its success. One of the projects launched in the framework of the Suharto government's series of five-year development plans Repelita involved the inventorying and documentation of Indonesia's great wealth of regional dramatic genres in the 1980s. One of the aims of this project was to gain an insight into the potential of still active performance types. The criteria applied in the official reports of Kediri appear on closer examination to provide no clarity regarding the great diversity of genres.Keywords: horse dance; Indonesia; Kediri; Samboyo Putro


This paper sets out to better inform stakeholders about why the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and its regional and national level stakeholders operate as they do. It looks at the political traction of ECOWAS in two specific regional agendas, namely on violent conflict and unconstitutional transfers of power as well as on food security and agriculture. It concludes with implications for support. 2


Damage introduction by implantation of Be and Si into InSb, and its removal by rapid thermal annealing in the range 300–400 °C for 20 s was investigated by Rutherford backscattering and transmission electron microscopy. There is good recovery of the lattice upon annealing at 450 °C provided the InSb was not amorphized during the implantation step. At the same time, there is limited redistribution of Be for these annealing conditions, but for Si there is marked diffusion even during a nominal room‐temperature implant. Lowering the sample temperature to 77 K during the implant stops this redistribution, with a near‐Gaussian ion distribution resulting. The activation of Be is of the order of 50% over the dose range 1013–1015 cm−2. In most cases there is a marked similarity in implant properties of InSb to those of GaSb.


Video streaming applications have become increasingly popular in the recent years, and their use will continue to grow in the future. However, variations in channel conditions cause delays and packet erasures resulting in degradation of quality of service (QoS). Multiple description (MD) coding is one method to reduce the detrimental effects caused by these channel variations. In this paper we have presented a novel pre-processing MD approach, which makes use of the redundancies already present in the original sequence to create multiple descriptions. The proposed approach is compatible with the commonly used video coding standards such as the H.26x and MPEG. The proposed scheme improves performance in terms of the coding efficiency and error resiliency compared to the approaches present in the literature.


The design of GaN resonant cavity light emitting diodes (RCLEDs) emitting at 510 nm is optimised for maximum extraction efficiency into numerical apertures (NAs) of 1.0 and 0.5. The optimisation is performed as a function of the Al fraction in the AlGaN/GaN distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) cavity mirror and of the InGaN/GaN quantum well (QW) emission linewidth. The calculated enhancement factors of the extraction efficiency compared to a bulk LED for emission into a NA of 1.0 (0.5) increase from 3.0 (3.4) for a single metal mirror LED structure to 4.2 (5.8) for a metal-AIN/GaN DBR RCLED structure. The dependence of efficiency and optimum number of DBR pairs on Al fraction in the DBR, QW emission linewidth, and emission NA is discussed in terms of cavity modal properties.


Abstract The sum theorem is proved and its corollaries are given for a countable family of zero-dimensional (in the sense of small and large inductive bidimensions) p -closed sets, using a new bitopological notion of relative normality whose topological correspondence is also new. The notion of almost n-dimensionality is considered from the bitopological point of view.


Abstract : The objective of this work is to design a dynamic intelligent terrain analysis and tactical support system (ITATSS). The system enable unmanned combat and support vehicles to achieve significant new levels of autonomy, mobility, rapid response, coordination and effectiveness, while simultaneously enriching human-robot interaction, expanding tactical capabilities, and reducing human workload. ITATSS integrates work in intelligent agent architectures for decision support, low-level feature processing for analyzing terrain and situational features, and robot sensorimotor interfaces. There are currently mature existing tools that handle these capabilities separately, but ITATSS will integrate them into a single architecture. One advantage of such an integrated architecture is that it will help make all of the digital aids familiar and useful to human operators. This report provides a document to guide the design, development, and evaluation of ITATSS. This should serve as a solid design document for any future efforts to build applications in this area. As part of the design, we have identified a large number of requirements on system components, and any system designed for this application area should meet these requirements.


The total atomic cross sections are determined in carbon, aluminium, copper, tin and lead at gamma ray energies of 84, 129, 145.41, 279.12, 322, 411.8 and 661.6 keV by a new method reported by the authors earlier. The values of bound electron incoherent scattering cross sections sigma b are extracted from the total atomic cross sections by subtracting the theoretical sum of photoelectric and Rayleigh scattering cross sections. The sigma b values are compared with the corresponding values of sigma KN, sigma TF and sigma HF calculated on the basis of Klein-Nishina (KN) formula, Thomas-Fermi (TF) model and Hartree-Fock (HF) model respectively. The discrepancy between sigma b and sigma KN worsens as the photon energy decreases and the atomic number increases, thereby indicating the increasing importance of the binding energy effects. Discrepancies with sigma TF and sigma HF show similar behaviour. These are attributed to limitations inherent in the TF and HF models.


trans-1,2-Dicyanoethylene (DCNE) reacts with substituted benzo[1,2 : 4,5]dicyclobutene (1) to give only one adduct (4), the title compound, whereas tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) gives two isomers. Crystals of 4 are triclinic; space group P\bar1, a=13.505(2), b=14.118(2), c=10.722(1) A, α=98.87(1), β=102.36(1), γ=111.71(1)° and Z=2. The structure was solved by the direct method and was refined by the block-diagonal least-squares method to the final R factor of 0.055 for 5479 observed reflections. The absence of two cyano groups in 4 makes less steric hindrance than 3. Introducing the empirical parameters, non-bonded interaction energy was calculated for the approaching model of 1 and DCNE. The result well explains the addition of DCNE to the C(1)–C(6) position of 1.


It is not uncommon to receive patients in the Accident and Emergency department with history of food bolus impaction in the upper gastro-intestinal tract or of ingestion of foreign bodies. We present a rare and unusual case of mobile phone ingestion that was retrieved successfully from the stomach by flexible upper gastro-intestinal (GI) endoscopy at our hospital. We did not find any other case report of mobile phone ingestion followed by successful endoscopic retrieval in the available English medical literature. Nafees Ahmad Qureshi*, Nishant Cherian, Abduljalil Ben-Hamida and Mamoon H Solkar Department of General Surgery, Tameside General Hospital NHS Trust, UK Nafees Ahmad Qureshi, et al. Annals of Clinical Case Reports Surgery Remedy Publications LLC., | http://anncaserep.com/ 2016 | Volume 1 | Article 1172 2 The patient was kept overnight for observation, with no acute concerns reported during his stay. He was reviewed the next morning and his case was discussed with the upper GI consultant surgeon for possible endoscopic retrieval of the phone. As there was no evidence of peritonism or peritonitis, it was decided to discharge the patient home and was booked on the next available therapeutic endoscopy list. The phone dimensions were confirmed before the procedure by looking up the phone details over the internet as well as the X-ray radiograph. The patient was advised to take a soft diet and report to the A&E department in the event of worsening symptoms while waiting for the endoscopy. The therapeutic upper GI endoscopy was performed five days later. The procedure was performed under Xylocaine local oral spray and heavy sedation (Fentanyl 100 micrograms; midazolam 2 mg). The mobile phone was successfully retrieved endoscopically using a large endoscopic snare without any immediate or delayed complications. The plastic wraps were still intact containing the phone (Figure 3 and 4). The mobile phone retrieved was confirmed to be Zanco Mini with 0.66 inch LCD screen. The dimensions of the phone were: 71.8 mm x 23.5 mm x13.0 mm and weighed about 20 grams (Figure 5). Although the procedure was uncomfortable for the patient, re-scoping did not show any mucosal damage to the oesophagus or gastro-oesophageal junction. The patient had a smooth postprocedure recovery and was discharged home the same day with no further follow-up.


The injection arm of TTPJ shotcrete machine has nine degrees of freedom,including big arm rotation,big arm movement in horizontal,big arm movement in vertical,small arm rotation,small arm movement in horizontal,small arm movement in vertical,nozzle 360 degree rotation,nozzle 240 degree rotation and nozzle brush dynamic,which are driven by the hydraulic pressure.It builds the 3D model of the jet arm by using Proe,establishes its virtual prototyping and operates simulation movement with Pro/E/MDX.The work scope of simulation verifies the correctness of the virtual prototype.For medium section tunnel shotcrete conditions,in order to find out the bad working environment of the arms of the injection during the process of spraying,it also operates dynamics simulation with Pro/E/MDO.The dynamic simulation results provide the theory basis for the statics analysis of the injection arm,and the analysis process provides a brief and the effective thinking for the freedom arm frame institutions.


Alternative Energy Consortium's Photovoltaic test facility (AEC PV) came on line in August, 2004. System monitoring, using Fat Spaniel Technologies software was installed in December 2004. In May, 2005, the University of Oregon Solar Radiation Monitoring Lab (UO SRML) under a contract with the Energy Trust of Oregon, installed additional monitoring equipment at the site, expanding the number of monitoring points and providing a means to collaborate the information collected by the Fat Spaniel monitoring system. Information was gathered in the first year of monitoring about component efficiencies, system monitoring and system loading that can be applied to future installations.


Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, derived from the layered bulk crystals, have been attracting considerable interest due to their atomically thin structures which lead to unique electronic, optical, and surface properties. However,...


This research intends to study the influences of transformational leadership and personality traits towards the individual job performance. Data have been collected
from 121 respondents of three diferent manufacturing companies in Penang. The respondents were taken from the group of middle level managers, supervisors and operators from each company. Primarily this study aims to test and measure whether the transformational leadership and big five personality traits could influence the individual's job performance in organization or not. The initial results of the study indicate that transformational leadership is positively related and have highly significant towards the individual job performance. The personality traits that consist of conscientiousness, is similarly show the positive relationship to the job performance but agreeableness is insignificantly performs.


In the article by Deng et al, "miR-143 Activation Regulates Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cell Crosstalk in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension," which published in the October 23, 2015 issue of the journal ( Circ Res . 2015;117:870–883. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306806), the authors have requested a correction based on errors in data presentation and analysis discovered during the PhD thesis examination of first author, Lin Deng. Specifically, the exact same cell migration pictures had been used for "vehicle" and "negative" control at the 10 h time point in the cell migration data (see Figure 3F of the original version of the article). Subsequent analysis also found errors in the migration analysis and quantification for all the migration data in the article (see original versions of Figures 3D …


A development of concrete brick technology leads to some innovations in this field. To produce lightweight concrete brick, lightweight aggregates such as Styrofoam, pumice stone and perlite, are required. The use of lightweight material is beneficial to reduce the weight of the concrete. This research used Styrofoam as partial substitution for fine aggregate and variation in mix proportion, which consisted of 0%, 30%, 40% and 50% fine aggregate replacement. The experimental proportion employed three specimens for compression test, five specimens for dimensional uniform check and water absorption, and two specimens for flexural strength. All the specimens were tested at the age of 14 days. The results show variation of the weight volume, i.e., 2073.50 kg/cm3, 1813.9 kg/cm3, 1611.97 kg/cm3 and 1505.13 kg/cm3. In addition, the compressive strength comprises 247.41 kg/cm2 234.07, kg/cm2, 128.9 kg/cm2 and 98.33 kg/cm2, whereas the flexural strength result are 5.64 MPa, 5.33 MPa, 4.71 MPa and 4.53 MPa, respecti...


The Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3) with a Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) is used to study vegetation related feedbacks during the last interglacial (125 ka BP), and the glacial inception (115 ka BP). These times represent periods with maximum and minimum summer insolation in the northern hemisphere. Two simulations with adapted orbital parameters and greenhouse gas concentrations have been performed. In CCSM3, a vegetation decrease in North Siberia and North America at 115-ka is associated with a long-term cooling trend, which is connected with a continuous increase in northern hemisphere sea ice volume and an expansion of the permanently snow-covered areas. A closer inspection of the summer situation in the 115-ka simulation shows that although the total amount of precipitation in this region decreases, an increase of snowfall is simulated. The reduced summer insolation leads to reduced summer temperatures to a level that allows perennial snow coverage in the extreme regions. By contrast, simulation period at 125-ka represents the warm phase of the last interglacial and show a presence of vegetation in high north latitude and northern hemisphere monsoonal regions which disappears at 115ka simulation. The increased vegetation can be directly explained by enhanced rainfall in most regions. In North Africa, this is associated with a northward shift of the Inter-Tropical Front and a low-level westerly inflow of moist air from the subtropical Atlantic. In summer, reduced temperatures in North Africa due to enhanced cloudiness are caused by additional moisture transport. The resulting changes in the meridional surface-temperature gradient lead to a northward shift of the mid-tropospheric African Easterly Jet. These results suggest that the model is able to simulate essential features of the transition from a cold to a warm stage and also in this case the changes in Earth's orbital parameters are sufficient to trigger this behaviour. Hydrologic-cycle changes (i.e. moisture recycling, water vapour fluxes, etc.) in the last interglacial will be discussed in detail (the importance of biogeophysical feedbacks between vegetation and climate as well as the role of terrestrial carbon storage will be analysed as the next step).


The light output power of light emitting diodes (LEDs) has been enhanced using nanoroughed hemispherical indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent ohmic contacts. The hemispherical shape is easily achieved by evaporating ITO film on an ITO nanosphere, and the aspect ratio of an individual hemispherical ITO is determined by the size of the ITO nanosphere. The diameter of the ITO nanospheres can be easily controlled by controlling the thickness of the ITO films. The light extraction efficiency of InGaN/GaN LEDs is significantly improved due to light incident at an angle of approximately 90° at the hemispherical nanoroughed prominence―air interface. Also, a high surface area of ITO prominences increases the light extraction efficiency. Thus, the light output power of the nanoroughed hemispherical LEDs is increased by 30% compared to conventional LEDs at an injection current of 20 mA.


In 2011, Thailand experienced its worst flooding in decades; it caused widespread damages, and a considerable loss of life. Using data from the Thai Household Socio-Economic Survey (THSES), this paper analyses its economic impacts. In the 2012 THSES, households answered a set of questions on the extent of flooding they experienced in the 12 months prior. As the same households are followed over time, the timing of the survey and its panel structure allows us to analyse household welfare before and after the flood, for both affected households and for those who were not directly flooded. We can thus measure the true impact of the disaster on income, expenditure, assets, debt and savings levels as well as labour market outcomes. We analyse flood impacts across different socioeconomic groups and livelihoods, and identify spillover effects on those households that were not directly affected by the flooding.


In this paper, the different aging mechanisms taking place in photovoltaic modules are discussed, and the cause-effect links, which exist among such mechanisms, are evidenced. It is also shown that a closed-loop link exists between aging and mismatching since aging (which is nonuniform by its nature) causes mismatching among cells, whereas mismatching, in turn, mainly due to its thermal effects, leads to nonuniform aging.


Introduction The Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) are one of the most species-rich families of all organisms with an estimated 60,000 species in the world 41 . According to Gauld 18 many authorities regard this figure as an underestimate. The family Ichneumonidae is currently split into 37 subfamilies, of which 24 have been recorded from the Afro tropical region 44 . With such huge number of subfamilies, the classification of family Ichneumonidae has not reached a stable consensus. Ichneumonids are parasitoids of Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera and rarely spiders and other arthropod groups 15 . The ichneumonids are widely studied because they are important agents of biological control of many groups of insects, including some agricultural, horticultural, and forest pests and International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 4 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Based on the literature survey, the present work provides an updated checklist of Ichneumonidae parasites (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) associated with insects/ insect pests of Agricultural, horticultural and other economically important plants in Union territory of Jammu & Kashmir. The paper deals with as many as 46 species of such recorded parasites spread over 11 subfamilies and 29 genera of family Ichneumonidae. Moreover, the systematic information, pertaining to the host insect-host plant range and local distribution of these listed Ichneumonidae parasites, has also been provided in this work. K e y w o r d s Checklist, Ichneumonidae, Insect pests, Jammu & Kashmir Accepted: 18 March 2020 Available Online: 10 April 2020 Article Info Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(4): 2266-2277 2267 play an essential role in the normal functioning of most ecosystems. Ichneumonids have been used successfully as bio-control agents and given the largely undocumented fauna there is a huge potential for their utilization in managed bio-control programmes 26 . From Jammu and Kashmir region, no significant consolidated account vis-a-vis ichneuomonid parasitoids and their known insect hosts has been published earlier, and whatever little information is available in this regard, is confined to some papers scattered in different papers, some of the prominent ones are: Ahmad and Dar 3 , Bhagat 12 , Bhat 5 , Bhat and Bhagat 6 , Bhat and Bhagat 6 and 7 , Bhat et al., 8, 9, 10 and 11 , Cameron 13 , Gupta 20, 21 and 25 , Gupta and Tikkar 28 , Gupta and Narendran 30 , Jamal and Zaki 32 , Masoodi et al., 34 ; Mittal et al., 35 ; Rishi and Shah 38 and Zutshi 42 . Hence, there was a dire need to prepare an updated checklist and inventory of Ichneuomonid parasites of this region covering their host-insect range and local distribution. The present document will provide some base line data that will enable ready reference and information, whenever required for standardization and future utilization of these parasitoids for bio-control programmes of this region. Apart from this, the present work will also enable conservation management decisions viz-a-viz Ichneumonidae parasitoids as bio control agents. Materials and Methods The present study brings together scattered information about Ichneumonidae parasites of insects/ insect pests, reported on various kinds of agricultural, horticultural and other economically important plant species, from Jammu and Kashmir. The checklist presented here is mainly based on available literature rather than on extensive taxonomic studies. Based on the literature Survey, all the previously published available research papers, pertaining to ichneuominidae parasites of insects, from Jammu and Kashmir, were examined and the information obtained was documented. The data base was generated with special reference to Ichneumonidae parasites, their host insect/ insect pest and host plant ranges, followed by authors reporting them from J&K region. In order to generate such comprehensive database (pertaining to Ichneumonidae), apart from available research papers and catalogues, the other vital e-resources and abstracting services (particularly, CABI, NISCAIR, AGRI, Biological abstracts, Inflib net, etc.) were also consulted. The arrangement of the subfamilies and genera of enlisted ichneuomonid parasites has been provided alphabetically for convenience, and does not reflect phylogenetic relationships. The tribes and genera therein also are arranged in alphabetical order, largely according to the classification of Yu and Horstmann 45 and Yu et al., 46 and 47 Results and Discussion Based on the literature survey, the present checklist was prepared which provides base line data of as many as 46 species of ichneuomonid parasites of family Ichneumonidae of J&K, falling under 11 subfamilies and 29 genera (Table 1). The data of said 46 secrecies of Ichneumonidae parasite is listed alphabetically below according to their sub family names, tribe name (wherever available), Genera and species, followed by insect-host of the parasite along with hostplant on which such parasite was recovered Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(4): 2266-2277 2268 from the insect host. The check list is appended as under:Subfamily Banchinae wesmael, 1845 Tribe banchini wesmael, 1845 Genus Exetastes Gravenhorst, 1829 Exetastes fornicator (Fabricius, 1781) (=Icheuomon fornicator) Host Insect Pest: unknown insect and host plant species Localities in J&K: Kashmir References: Ahmad and Dar, 1978 Subfamily: Campopleginae forster, 1869 Genus Campoletis Forster, 1869 Campoletis sp. (=Anilastus sp.) Host Insect Pest: (i). Lymantria obfuscata on plants, Salix spp. and Populus spp.; (ii.). Trichoplusia ni on plants, Brassica o. var. acephala, B. o. var. capitata and B. o. var. gongylodea; (iii). Plusia signata on B. o. var. capitata and B. o. var. gongyloda Localities in J&K: Baramulla, Badgam, Pulwama, Srinagar, Kashmir. References: Anonymous, 1970; Bhat, 2008; Bhat, 2018 Campoletis chloridae Uchidda Host Insect Pest: (i). Thysanaplusi orichalcea on plants, Alium cepa, Brassica rapa and Pisum sativum ; (iii) Helicoverpa argmiega on plants, Alium cepa, Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum tubersosum, soybeen, Brassica campestris var. toria, Brassica juncea and Cicer arietinum Localities in J&K: Bandipora, Baramulla, Badgam, Ganderbal, Pulwama, Srinagar, Kashmir, Jammu References: Thakue et al., 1995; Gupta and Raj, 2003; Bhat, 2008; Bhat et al., 2009 ; Bhat et al., 2010; Bhat et al., 2017; Bhat, 2018 Genus Campoplex Gravenhorst, 1829 Campoplex longipes Moley Host Insect Pest: Unknown insect and host plant species Localities in J&K: Kashmir References: Ahmad and Dar, 1978 Genus Casnaria Holmgren, 1859 Casinaria sp. (=Horogenes sp.) Host Insect Pest: Plutella xylostella (=Plutella maculipennis) on plant, B. o. var. capitata Localities in J&K: Srinagar References: Simmonds and Roy, 1960 Genus Charops Holmgren, 1859 Charops bicolor (Szépligeti, 1906) Host Insect Pest: Heliothis armigera on plant, Lycopersicon esculentum Localities in J&K: Badgam, Bandipora, Srinagar References: Bhat et al., 2009. Genus Diadegma Forester, 1869 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(4): 2266-2277 2269 Diadegma fenestrale (Holmgren) (=Diadegma fenestralis) Host Insect Pest: (i). Helicoverpa armigera on plants, Lycopersicon esculentum; (ii). Plutella xylostella on plants, Brassica campestris, B. o. var. acephala, B. o. var. botrytis, B. o. var. capitata, B. o. var. gongylodes, B. rapa and Raphanus sativus Localities in J&K: Anantnag, Bandipora, Baramulla, Badgam,Ganderbal, Pulwama, Srinagar. References: Bhat, 2008; Bhat and Bhagat, 2008; Bhat et al., 2009 Diadegma semiclausum (Hellen) Host Insect Pest: (i). H. armigera on plants, B. o. var. acephala, B. o. var. gongylodes; (ii). P. xylostella on plants, B. o. var. acephala, B. o. var. gongylodes Localities in J&K: Srinagar References: Bhat, 2018 Genus Eriborus Forester, 1869

https://www.ijcmas.com/9-4-2020/Deen Mohd. Bhat, et al.pdf


The biggest obstacle in China's stock market is the problem of its split-share structure.The process of split-share structure reform is a `game' between tradable share's holders and non-tradable share's holders.In the game,the two kinds of shareholders bargain on the consideration that non-tradable shareholders should pay to tradable shareholders.In this article,we firstly explained: what kind of game the reform is,the gains and strategies of the opponents in the game and their influence on average consideration.Secondly,we dug into the negotiation scheme between different kinds of shareholders in split-share structure reform based on game theory and then we did some positivistic research on the effectiveness of the game between different kinds of shareholders.Finally, we analyzed some problems under the network voting system and made our suggestions.


The effects of heat transport phenomena and deformation gradient through the sheet cross-section on the microstructure, texture and magnetic properties of non-oriented Fe–Si steel were investigated. In order to achieve desired conditions for the steel microstructural and textural parameters improvement, a temper rolling process at elevated temperature was examined in combination with subsequent short term annealing, employing fast heating rate in laboratory conditions. The experimental material was represented by conventional medium silicon, vacuum degassed non-oriented steel that was taken directly from industrial line after final annealing. Performed electron back scattered diffraction measurements revealed that the experimental steel, treated by our proposed thermomechanical treatment, was characterized by coarse-grained microstructure with enhanced intensity of rotating cube texture. The magnetic losses of experimental samples were measured in ac magnetic field with 50 Hz frequency on the toroid with external and internal diameters of 25 mm and 15 mm, respectively. These measurements with magnetic field intensity of 2500 A/m showed that the application of our suggested treatment led to clear power losses reduction of the investigated material from initial 9.9 W/kg to 6.4 W/kg, i.e. by more than 35%.


Objective:To compare the clinical effectiveness and safety of interventional closure using Amplatzer septal occluder(ASO) with surgical closure of secundum atrial septal defect(ASD).Methods:From May 1998 to December 2001,72 patients who underwent transcatheter ASD closure using ASO and 66 patients who underwent surgical closure of ASD were involved in the study. The effectiveness and safety of both methods were compared.Results:The technical success rate was 97.2%(70/72) of the ASO group and 100% of the surgical group. The procedure time and the length of hospital stay of the ASO group were shorter than those of the surgical group. The complication rate of ASO group was lower than that of surgical group(7.1% and 22.7%,P0.05). Blood products were administered to 89.1% patients in the surgical group, no patients in the ASO group required transfusion. The mean total cost of the ASO group was significantly higher than that of the surgical group.Conclusions:Transcatheter closure of ASD Ⅱ using ASO is an alternative to surgery within acceptable limits. The method would be applied broadly if the cost of ASO was reduced.


Polyethylene glycol was attached covalently to adenosine deaminase (ADA) using cyanuric chloride as the coupling agent. The modified adenosine deaminase (PEG-ADA) appears to lose its immunogenicity in mice following multiple intravenous injections. PEG-ADA does not react with antibodies raised against native ADA. The circulating half-life (T1/2) of PEG-ADA was increased to 28 hr. The lack of detectable antibody formation and long circulating life may make PEG-ADA suitable for treating human ADA deficiency.


Optical measuring techniques offer essential benefits that make them very good candidates for industrial use: they enable object testing without any contact, with high speed for a full field and with fully automated operation. The typical picture for the use of optics is commonly associated with a vibration isolated workbench in a clean and dark room where the ambient light can be blocked and the operator wear goggles for eye safety reasons. Can such optical laboratories fit into an industrial environment? Certainly not. The optical technology has to grow out of the lab, conquering the factory floor.


The test of attraction and monitoring on Monochamus alternatus and Spondylis buprestoides were conducted in Tianmuhu Lake,Jiangsu.The results showed that the population density in both Monochamus alternatus and Spondylis buprestoides was decreased significantly by the comprehensive managements.The average trapping amount of M.alternatus in 2007 was decreased by 65.08% compared with in 2005,and the average trapping amount of S.buprestoides in 2007 was decreased by 31.69% compared with in 2006.This indicated that the comprehensive managements were very efficient in controlling pine sawyer beetles.And the managements were also obvious effects to control Bursaphelenchus xylophillus.


The essays in this collection ask us to engage directly with different kinds of 'performance', focusing on Zimbabwe, South Africa, Ivory Coast and Tanzania. As the title of the special issue suggests, the contributors each, in different ways, engage with the spectrum of expressive practices on the continent from both live performance to electronic media. While rooted in the continent, a number of papers show the flows of culture from other regions (such as the Caribbean) intersecting with the dynamics of regional and national performance (as in Anne Schumann's paper). Taken together the papers show the diversity of present cultural and political capital and in a number of cases they highlight the themes of power and resistance in a dialogic embrace within the space of the public. All the papers – through the prism of performance – open up ways of understanding the knotty questions of social and political life on the continent and their inter-related nature. At the same time the view of culture as fluid and dynamic within the flux of the political is a central feature of the collection. Two closely linked motifs dominate the papers in this special issue: one is the relationship between performance and the state; the other turns more on the idea of the nation, the national imaginary: how this can be acted out and acted upon through art, by the individual, by a genre or by a grand new initiative of the imagination which shifts the cultural archive (see Innocentia Mhlambi's paper). The categories of state and nation in some ways intersect, and again it is culture which can momentarily fuse them and then split them apart. Thus new repertoires of performance can impact on, and buffet the state while radically reshaping the national imaginary and redefining the political space of culture. Tom Penfold's paper set in the artistic and political turmoil of South Africa in the 1980s makes this clear. More sober assessments of the current dangers of challenging state power in the interests of a resistant, new imagining of the nation come through in Wendy Willems's and Anne Schumann's papers on the bold yet also at times perilous intervention of musicians in political life in Zimbabwe and in Ivory Coast. Yet in some cases in this collection it is the intimate relation between quite disparate kinds of performance and the 'nation' as a dominant presence in people's lives which we see unfolding. This is quite marked in the papers by Maria Suriano and Kelly Askew which focus on Tanzania. In each case we see artists and practitioners drawing on established linguistic and cultural archives in order to act out and 'make' the present. Suriano shows how an individual life can be steeped in quite diverse kinds of creativity, each of which calls into being a particular devotion to 'nation',


Regarding the design case of hill body blasting engineering,it discussed bore hole's arrangements and medium-length hole millisecond strengthening loosing blasting construction design idea,and brought forward the methods of determining such blasting parameters as hole row margin,unit explosive assumption,charging structure and initiation patterns.Based on the non-electric blasting network of inside and outside hole combining delay employed in the project case,single hole initiation was achieved successfully.The vibration measurement data showed that blasting vibration and slungshot had been controlled effectively in this project case,and therefore,good blasting results were reached,which would have some reference value to similar project.


This survey of Central American history, includes the five republics of Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador and Costa Rica. There is a summary of events in 1960-62, with special reference to Central American economic collaboration, the role of the United States, and the reluctance of the local moneyed class to give up its privileged position.


The relation between cavitation phenomena and three-dimensional boundary-layer transition on a 45-degree yawed cylinder was investigated using both wind tunnel and water tunnel facilities. Regularly arranged appearance of the cavitating bubbles on the cylinder surface seems to be caused by the crossflow vortices in the transition region of the same boundary layer. Physical properties like wavelengths are compared, and the results are in good agreement. Details of the two different phenomena are compared and discussed.


Diierent predictors and their approximators in nonlinear prediction regression models are studied. The minimal value of the mean squared error (MSE) is derived. Some approximate formulae for the MSE of ordinary and weighted least squares predictors are given.


In tasks requiring human supervision in an industrial control room there are applied ge- neric disciplines like automatic control and engineer- ing systems. From the point of view of the human computer interaction applied to these disciplines it is necessary to add usability engineering and cognitive ergonomics. This integrated framework is an exam- ple of human-centred design on automation systems. The main goal of this work is the application of a cognitive ergonomic guideline for supervisory con- trol in order to improve the efficiency of a sugar mill interface design.


It is proposed to select two groups of mental patients, each member of each group to be matched as nearly as possible with respect to age, sex, intellect, diagnosis, socio-economic status, etc., with a member of a second group. Both groups are to receive identical treatment, except that one group, the therapeutic, is to receive intensive psychoanalytic therapy. The other or control group is to receive little or no psychotherapy and no psychoanalytic therapy. Written statements of the condition of all patients at the beginning of the experiment, together with the probable prognosis, should be made. All patients should be followed for several years until the outcome of the therapy or lack of therapy is clear. From this study we should gain information concerning the diagnostic type, age, sex, intellectual status, etc., for which psychoanalysis is indicated or contra-indicated. The frequency of success and failure of the psychoanalytic therapy could be stated. A basis for the relative worth-whileness of the ...


Lead-free (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)(Nb0.995−xMn0.005Tax)O3 (abbreviated KNL-NMT-x, x = 0 ∼ 0.20) thin films were prepared using a chemical solution deposition method, and the effects of Ta content on the structural, dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties were investigated. X ray diffraction results indicate that the phase structure of KNL-NMT-x films undergoes a transition from orthorhombic to pseudocubic phase with increasing Ta content. The substitution of Ta5+ for the Nb5+ site in the KNL-NMT-x films produced to the relaxor-like ferroelectric with a diffuse phase transition. The KNL-NMT-0.10 thin film at the orthorhombic-pseudocubic phase boundary showed optimum dielectric and piezoelectric properties; dielectric constant ɛr = 2650, Curie temperature Tc = 323 °C, remnant polarization Pr = 16.1 μC/cm2, coercive field Ec = 22.2 kV/cm, and effective piezoelectric coefficient d33,f = 61 pm/V.


[Purpose]The existing academic journals' evaluation system is investigated thoroughly in order to explore its development trend.[Methodology]By analyzing the status and problems of academic journals' evaluation system,a scientific and rational evaluation system is built.[Findings]There are tw o kinds of academic journalsv evaluation system in China.One is based on the "quality assessment"of "qualified appraisal"and "excellent journal evaluation".The other is based on the "influence"of core journals' evaluation.These tw o evaluation systems both have certain limitations.Rating agencies in China should integrate and cooperate w ith each other,take advocating academic norms as an important responsibility,in order to establish a unified and normative academic journals' evaluation system suitable for China' s situation.And the evaluation parameter system and methods should be improved constantly.In the selection of evaluation parameters,its role of guiding the quality of journals should be paid more attention to.[Conclusions] The problems in practical applications should be rethought profoundly by various rating agencies and administrations in order to build a real scientific and rational evaluation system of academic journals.


Another article in our series on City Councils. IT shows how the board of estimate, which strictly speaking was not designed as a legislative body, has become the actual legislature, and why.


Decorous exploitation of reporting verbs is a fundamental component of academic writing. It facilitates in constructing authors' assertions as well as situating those assertions with the previously published literature in the field (Bloch, 2010). This study has been carried out to examine the phenomena of reporting verbs in the research articles of Education and English written by Pakistani and native speakers of English. A corpus-based approach has been adopted in this study. The corpus of the study comprises of 152 research articles, authored by native and Pakistani researchers in the fields of Education and English. The findings of the study exhibited dissimilarities in the ways the authors accredit the other sources in their work and demonstrate the reported statements in Pakistani and native corpora. This study will assist the research scholars to enhance their awareness regarding an appropriate selection of reporting verbs in their academic writings.


Abstract This paper argues that Lycophron's Alexandra follows earlier texts in presenting challenges to Agamemnon's power as metaphorical re-enactments of primordial theogonic conflicts between Zeus and the forces of chaos. The Alexandra figures Agamemnon as Zeus and portrays Achilles, Clytemnestra and Cassandra as chthonic monsters opposed to the Olympian order. Employing intertexts with epic and tragedy, the poem highlights these figures' symbolic antagonism with Agamemnon–Zeus and their connections to each other. It presents a radically resystematized vision of the cosmos that champions the chthonic, the disordered and the feminine over the Olympian, the ordered and the masculine. Cassandra uses this backdrop to reinterpret her own story, inserting herself into the cosmogonic narrative as a resister of Olympian patriarchy who triumphs over masculine domination.


To solve the crossing-linkable polyethylene(XLPE) insulation compound purity evaluation problem,a high speed scanning measurement system is designed according to Linear CCD technology.The inspecting system of defects in cable materials based on CCD obtains signals of defects in cable materials with irradiation of parallel light,by using linear array CCD control circuit.The defect signals are collected and transferred by using virtual oscillograph DSO-2902,and the defect signals are analyzed and processed by using computer.The defects are precisely figure out.The data of signals memorized in computer are processed by using software system of data collecting,the data quantity to be processed is decreased greatly,while the contamination information data are reserved.Thereby,the inspection of precise size and location of defects are achieved.The experiment results show that the proposed system can measure both the transverse and the longitudinal size of the XLPE contamination particle well and truly,and also detect the accurate positions and the number of a certain kind of impurity particle.The acuity of this system can reach 20 μm and the error ratio is less than 5%.The detecting ratio of the contamination particles can be high up to 100%.


This paper aims to demonstrate the importance and possible value of housing predictive power which provides independent real estate market forecasts on home prices by using data mining tasks. A (FFBP) network model and (CFBP) network model are one of these tasks used in this research to compare results of them. We estimate the median value of owner occupied homes in Boston suburbs given 13 neighborhood attributes. An estimator can be found by fitting the inputs and targets. This data set has 506 samples. "ousing inputs" is a 13 × 506 matrix. The "housing targets" is a 1 × 506 matrix of median values of owner-occupied homes in $1000's. The result in this paper concludes that which one of the two networks appears to be a better indicator of the output data to target data network structure than maximizing predict. The CFBP network which is the best result from the Output_network for all samples are found from the equation output = 0.95 * Target + 1.2. The regression value is approximately 1, (R = 0.964). That means the Output_network is matching to the target data set (Median value of owner-occupied homes in $1000's), and the percent correctly predict in the simulation sample is 96%.


The early expansion of the plasma produced by the laser irradiation of a polyethylene foil in vacuum has been studied by making time resolved observations at right angles to the target normal. Spectral line emission has been scanned to give the spatial distribution of the ion species carbon I-VI. The lines observed are Doppler broadened by the ion streaming motion, and this broadening has been interpreted to give velocity as a function of time and of distance from the target normal. For one ion species (carbon V) a reconstruction has been made of the ion trajectories. Velocities of 2-3*107 cm s-1 have been deduced from Doppler shifts observed parallel to the target normal and are in agreement with previous time of flight measurements.


The contribution from the Speech Acts Theory of Searle to the fictional discourse is examined in this work. We accept that the meanings of linguistic statements used during a real discourse are the same meanings determining and establishing rules on the understanding between the author and the reader in the fictional discourse. According to this, a successful and creative communication by a fictional-work author is only made when he uses linguistic statements that follow the meanings of the words and linguistic conventions established in a real discourse. In order to make this idea convincing, in the first place, the concept of pretending and the concept of lying are contrasted through the analysis of the speech acts theory of Austin and Searle. In the second place, the features of the pretending act are questioned to show an examination of the fictional discourse beginning with the Speech theory and its acceptability. In the third place, analyze how the discourse of fiction does derogate from the rules for performing speech acts. Our conclusion is that by contrasting the serious utterances against the fictional utterances by the work of Carroll was a relevant issue that made possible the expansion of the understanding of how it is possible to create a literal speech acts in fictional works.


In recent years, some efforts on KDD have been focused on applying the rough set method to KDD. The basic concepts of the rough set were introduced in the paper, including the definition of the rough set, the "attribute value" systems, attributes dependency and reducts, and several extensions to the rough set. Some probable application of rough set in KDD was put forward in the end of the paper.


The lack of daily data in weather stations is frequent and this does not allow the series to be used in agroclimatic studies. With the above, the temporal and spatial variation of the variables that make up the agroclimate of a region is not known. The objective of this work was to estimate and verify by means of the methods: normal ratio, Fourier series and square of the inverse of the distance, the method with the least error for the filling of missing daily data of the variables: precipitation, solar brightness, evaporation, maximum temperature, minimum temperature and relative humidity of the weather stations surrounding the rice production area in the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Nine stations were analyzed, which do not present distances greater than 50 km, nor altitudinal differences of more than 750 m. These were used with different study periods according to the variable in progress and the methods were evaluated with the statistical indices: root mean square error and coefficient of determination, the first allowed knowing the maximum admissible value of error and the second, the level of adjustment between the observed and the estimated values. Therefore, these allowed inferring that the variable solar brightness and evaporation obtained the best results with the normal ratio; the minimum temperature and relative humidity with the Fourier series and the square of the inverse of the distance for precipitation and maximum temperature.


This article studies detection and classification of Listeria species in foods employing VIDAS - VITEK method. By this method, the presence of seven Listeria species can be detected in four days, and the negative results can be obtained in 48 hours (24 hours shorter than traditional methods). The combined method is quicker and more effective than traditional methods, and the results are satisfactory.


A thesis submitted to the Kulliyyah Muamalat, INSANIAH University College, for the Degree of PhD in Islamic Banking and Finance.


This paper is concerned with the problem of testing the robust strict positive realness (SPRness) of a family of rational functions with both numerator and denominator dependent on the same set of parameters. The authors show that this problem can be solved by using a series of Routh tables. In other words, the robust SPRness of the whole family can be tested by performing only a finite number of elementary operations (arithmetic operations, logical operations and sign tests).


In the era of high speed internet there is a need of such communication medium which works smartly and intelligently and establishes an effective connection between different computer systems. As in the distributed architecture different systems are located in different places and work together to achieve a common goal. This creates a need of such communicating agent which establishes a persistent and result oriented connection between different machines. Mobile agent works so smartly in such medium as it can move host to host in network when and where it chooses. The intelligent and autonomous behaviour of mobile agent makes it a powerful tool for distributed architecture. In this survey paper we are giving a brief description of Mobile agent, the existing system which inspires the advent of mobile agent, its life cycle, characteristics, advantages and applications. Keyword: Agent, Software agent, Mobile agentlife cycle, characteristics, advantages and application


Organic field-effect transistors (OFET) are important elements in thin-film electronics, being considered for flat-panel or flexible displays, radio frequency identification systems, and sensor arrays. To optimize the devices for high-frequency operation, the channel length, defined as the horizontal distance between the source and the drain contact, can be scaled down. Here, an architecture with a vertical current flow, in particular the Organic Permeable-Base Transistors (OPBT), opens up new opportunities, because the effective transit length in vertical direction is precisely tunable in the nanometer range by the thickness of the semiconductor layer. We present an advanced OPBT, competing with best OFETs while a low-cost, OLED-like fabrication with low-resolution shadow masks is used (Klinger et al., Adv. Mater. 27, 2015). Its design consists of a stack of three parallel electrodes separated by two semiconductor layers of C60 . The vertical current flow is controlled by the middle base electrode with nano-sized openings passivated by an native oxide. Using insulated layers to structure the active area, devices show an on/off ratio of 10⁶ , drive 11 A/cm² at an operation voltage of 1 V, and have a low subthreshold slope of 102 mV/decade. These OPBTs show a unity current-gain transit frequency of 2.2 MHz and off-state break-down fields above 1 MV/cm. Thus, our optimized setup does not only set a benchmark for vertical organic transistors, but also outperforms best lateral OFETs using similar low-cost structuring techniques in terms of power efficiency at high frequencies.


This paper examines the unique tools of asset management during periods of broken cyclicality of crises. In the conditions of a crisis, the practical analysis of financial markets becomes particularly relevant. Effective risk management is a vital prerequisite for companies to operate. At the same time, determining the actual beginning of a crisis and its duration is not an easy task. An error in determining the beginning of a crisis can significantly reduce the effectiveness of the measures taken. This article is devoted to modern methods of risk management in the conditions of crisis in financial markets, the definition of crisis in the Russian economy. The article discusses new approaches to the study of finance and financial markets. New methods of comparing fundamental events and their technical interpretation on quotation charts are presented. The proposals for improving the effectiveness of risk management of financial market participants are presented. Recommendations are given for working with ready-made expert assessments, including erroneous ones. It is recommended to use an integrated approach to market analysis. When analyzing the market and assessing risks, the fundamental background should be taken into account with the mandatory use of technical analysis tools. The larger the scale of fundamental events in the market, the more accurately they correspond to the rules of technical analysis. Market participants are recommended to use the following methods of technical analysis, especially in the context of functionally related assets: Fibonacci levels, triangle method, which have shown their high accuracy in both stable and crisis markets.


The United States has long been an important cooperative partner of China in high-tech products trade and plays a pivotal role in China's s trade and related industries.This article analyzes the high-tech products trade between China and USA firstly to clear high-tech trade between the two countries has been expanding,the trade construction is imbalance and China constitute weak feature in competitiveness.Then study on the influencing factors in high-tech products trade.And find the main factors in high-tech products trade from the perspective of technological innovation.Finally,give some recommendations to promote the development of bilateral trade.


Gammarellus homari is a sublittoral Atlantic amphipod found from eastern Newfoundland and the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence north to Ellesmere Island. It is distinguished from G. angulosus by its larger size, smaller eyes and when alive by its red coloration. It appears to produce a single brood of young per year. Ovigerous females are found at depths of 12–15 m in the winter and the young are released in late winter or spring. It is not known where the males occur or where the adult females spend the remainder of the year.


Human Resources Management (HRM) orientation in handling human resources are two prime factors that would affect the human resources' ability and willingness to provide quality service as required by the organization. The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between Hard HRM and Soft HRM orientation. It was proposed that if there was association between the Hard HRM and Soft HRM orientations in the hotel organization, it would be more effective as indicated in the low turnover rate. The variables were examined in 21 hotel organizations. Findings indicated a strong support for the proposition in only 1 hotel and minimal support in 3 hotels. The Hard HRM orientations were mainly organization-centered and reactive, while the Soft HRM orientations were predominantly employee-centered, in support of teamwork and with activities that enhanced the work environment. KEY WORD: Hard HRM, Soft HRM, Turnover rate, Work environment, Communication flow, Teamwork


The article attempts to re-evaluate the accepted methods for determining readiness in the event of an oil spill in the Arctic seas. The emphasis is on the need to take into account the natural processes of interaction between ice and oil in different seasons. The importance of testing technologies for oil harvesting in the conditions of its interaction with ice is proved. The article analyses the foreign experience of testing oil-recovery systems in order to determine their performance and efficiency. The author substantiates the claim that the existing test methods do not fully allow evaluating the efficiency of oil collection systems in ice conditions. The author gives a brief description of the methodology developed by him for testing oil-gathering equipment and the first results of its application at a specially created testing site. The conclusion of the article is that we need to change the approach to calculating the performance of oil recovery systems. Also, is necessary to continue the research of oil behaviour and response method implementation in the freezing seas conditions.


In the Song-Jin-Yuan dynasty,ancient Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) literature recorded many external use prescriptions and medicine with skin-whitening,macula-removing,stagnation-dissipating and scar-removing efficacy.In the Song dynasty,the therapeutic methods were dispersing wind,inducing diuresis and using aromatic herbs to dredge the meridians.In the Jin-Yuan dynasty,the therapeutic methods were regulating qi,activating blood and using white herbs to whiten skin.According to the theoretical basis of TCM and the law of prescription composition,as well as TCM thoughts and writings characteristics of different periods,the article reviews and analyzes these external use prescriptions and medicine in order to help doctors prescribe medicine.


A method and a system in which broadcasts handover information in a wireless local area network. Handover information is broadcast in a beacon frame, thereby making the operation may be switched to a desired available alternative system WTRUs in a wireless local area network. WTRUs may read the beacon frame and obtain appropriate information, in order to switch to the alternative system having overlapping with the coverage area of the WLAN area covered. Alternatively, the system may be any type of wireless system, the wireless local area network may be any type of wireless local area network.


Profenofos is an organophosphate insecticide using for the control of insects. Particularly it is being used to control Lepidopteron mites on cotton, maize, sugar beet, soyabeans, potatoes, vegetables, tobacco and other crops. It is highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates. Profenofos may reach surface waters through spray drift or surface runoff. The 96hrs LC50 value of profenofos was determined using fingerlings of common edible freshwater fish Labeo rohita with a the length of the fish 6±8 cm, Average body weight 6.5± 7.5 gm at temperature 28±2°C. Calculated LC50 values was 100 μg/L for the assay, the behavioral changes of fish exposed to profenofos including loss of balance, jerky movements were observed.


The advancement of technologies for the precise interrogation of molecules offers exciting possibilities for new studies in the realms of precision spectroscopy and quantum technologies. Experiments in these domains often address molecular vibrations in the mid-infrared (MIR) spectral region, thus generating the need for spectrally pure and accurate MIR laser sources. Quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) have emerged as flexible sources of coherent radiation available over a wide range of MIR frequencies. Here, we demonstrate a robust approach for the simultaneous linewidth narrowing, frequency stabilisation, and absolute frequency referencing of MIR QCLs all of which are prerequisites for precise spectroscopic experiments. Following upconversion of its radiation to the visible domain, we implement a phase lock of the QCL to a linewidth-narrowed optical frequency comb which is referenced to a remote SI-traceable primary frequency standard via a fibre link for absolute frequency calibration. To achieve a reliable frequency counting of the beat note between the QCL and the OFC, we employ redundant tracking oscillators and demonstrate a frequency instability of at 1 s and at 1000 s integration time, limited by the accuracy of our remote reference. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


We study the potential of a future, large-volume photometric survey to constrain the axion mass ma in the hot dark matter limit. Future surveys such as EUCLID will have significantly more constraining power than current observations for hot dark matter. Nonetheless, the lowest accessible axion masses are limited by the fact that axions lighter than ∼ 0.15 eV decouple before the QCD epoch, assumed here to occur at a temperature TQCD ∼ 170 MeV; this leaves an axion population of such low density that its late-time cosmological impact is negligible. For larger axion masses, ma ≳ 0.15 eV, where axions remain in equilibrium until after the QCD phase transition, we find that a EUCLID-like survey combined with Planck CMB data can detect ma at very high significance. Our conclusions are robust against assumptions about prior knowledge of the neutrino mass. Given that the proposed IAXO solar axion search is sensitive to ma≲0.2 eV, the axion mass range probed by cosmology is nicely complementary.


A router checks traffic with respect to the SIP server at reception of a request message addressed to an SIP server from an SIP terminal. If the traffic exceeds a band allocated to the SIP server, the router transfers the request message to a congestion server.


We show that the coupled two-fluid gravitating system (e.g. stiff matter and "vacuum energy") could trap nonlinear gravitational waves (e.g. Einstein–Rosen waves). The gravitational wave amplitude varies harmonically in time transferring the energy coherently to the stiff matter wave, and then the process goes to the backward direction. This process mimics the behavior of trapped electromagnetic waves in two-level media. We have defined the limits for the frequency of this energy transfer oscillations.


Networking solutions for the Internet of Things aretypically designed for applications that require low data rates andfeature rare transmission events. The initial assumption leads to asystem desig ...


The problems involved in the operation of low cost local service air carriers are analyzed. Four specific situations which created the operating difficulties of the local air carriers are defined. Proposals of federal and local subsidies for short haul air transportation are presented.


Here, we describe comparisons of our results to those in the literature and give detailed comments on the specific rates we achieve. In Table 1, we compare our agnostic learning results. We note the guarantees for the population risk in the fourth column, the marginal distributions over x for which the bounds hold in the fifth column, and the sample complexity required to reach the specified level of risk plus some ε > 0 in the final column. Our results in this setting come from Theorem 3.3. The Big-O notation hides constants that may depend on the parameters of the distribution or activation function, but does not hide explicit dependence on the dimension d. However, the parameters of the distribution itself may have implicit dependence on the dimension. In particular, for bounded distributions that satisfy ‖x‖2 ≤ BX , the O() hides multiplicative factors that depend on BX . This means that if BX depends on d, so will our bounds. For ReLU, the O() hides polynomial factors in BX . For non-ReLU, the worst-case activation functions under consideration in Assumption 3.1 (e.g. the sigmoid) can have γ ∼ exp(−BX), making the runtime and sample complexity depend on γ−1 ∼ exp(BX), in which case it is preferable for BX to be a constant independent of the dimension. We note that the sample complexity for Diakonikolas et al. [8] for the (1 + δ)OPT guarantee is O(ε−2[dδ−3ν−2]δ −3 ) whenDx is ν sub-Gaussian for some ν = O(1), and thus the exact dependence on the dimension depends on the sub-Gaussian norm and error threshold desired.


Based on test data and deformation property of concrete material,the influence of coarse aggregate,cement grout and micro-cracks in different phase of loading on concrete deformation were analyzed.Concrete is considered as viscoelastic material and Zhu-Wang-Tang model is applicable for it.Considering that concrete is hardly-deformable and damageable,revised 5-parameter linear Zhu-Wang-Tang damage model was used to fit rate dependent constitutive relations of concrete,which strain rate is between 10-5/s and 102/s.The results have good accord with test data.


A 58-year-old man with no significant neurological history presented to the emergency department after being struck on the head and the back of the neck several times during an altercation 2 days earlier. At presentation, he had worsening headaches, blurry vision, nausea, vomiting and right-sided


We report a quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) study of the reaction OH+H2→H2O+H performed on the same model as that used in a recent exact quantum treatment. The reaction is constrained to occur on a plane, with the OH bond frozen. We used Clary's modification to the Schatz–Elgersma potential energy surface. Initial state selected reaction probabilities and cross sections were calculated at several energies between 0.31 and 0.65 eV. The effect of rotational excitation of H2 and OH on reaction probabilities was studied and QCT results were compared with exact quantum results for the same model. We found very good quantitative agreement between quantum and QCT results. Furthermore, QCT calculations confirm the qualitative effects predicted by the quantum treatment; exciting the rotation of H2 decreases reactivity while the rotation of OH has almost no effect. Similarities and differences between the present QCT results with 2D and 3D quantum and classical results by other authors are discussed.


A kind of dynamic roll-angle scaling system was designed based on ADXRS150 angular rate gyroscope.And the algorithm was programmed to process the output of the sensor on the ARM7 platform.The validity of the sensor was testified by practical experimentation.And the dynamic scaling character of the sensor was better than a solid pendulum sensor by contrast.


The concept of public sphere used by Habermas in deliberative form of democracy is a useful concept for a strong foundation of policy. As defined by Abraham Lincoln, democracy is the Government of the people, by the people and for the people. Empirically, however, if we see in the real world or in the present milieu, we can say that democracy has become a government "off" the people, "bye" the people and "far" the people. And this is what the current paper talks about. A meticulous attempt has been made to discuss the importance of public reasoning, public discussion and public sphere in present state of affairs. In continuation, an attempt has been made to focus on the issues of how public discussions influences policy decisions and how policies influences the people' participation and decision making and their lives.


The gauge invariance analysis of theories described in noncommutative (NC) space-times can lead us to interesting results since noncommutativity is one of the possible paths to investigate quantum effects in classical theories such as general relativity, for example. This theoretical possibility has motivated us to analyze the gauge invariance of the NC version of the Proca model, which is a second-class system, in Dirac's classification, since its classical formulation (commutative space-time) has its gauge invariance broken thanks to the mass term. To obtain such gauge invariant model, we have used the gauge unfixing method to construct a first-class NC version of the Proca model. We have also questioned if the gauge symmetries of NC theories, are affected necessarily or not by the NC parameter. In this way, we have calculated its respective symmetries in a standard way via Poisson brackets.


The Helmholtz equation belongs to the classical equations of mathematical physics that are well understood from a mathematical view point. However, the numerical approximation of the solution of those equation is still a challenging problem, despite the tremendous progress made during the last years. Indeed, the classical finite element method – based on polynomial approximation – becomes too expensive for large wavenumbers, when trying to control the numerical dispersion errors. Thus, other techniques were proposed, based on the common idea of incorporating some a priori knowledge about the solution. Mainly, the idea of using plane waves was developed in different frameworks, continuous and discontinuous. One may cite the partition of unity method [1], the residual-free bubbles [2] and the discontinuous Galerkin methods [3]. We propose here a new discontinuous Galerkin formulation, based on a local approximation of the solution by plane waves that satisfy the wave equation. In order to enforce a weak continuity across the element interfaces, we introduce Lagrange multipliers. The method is built in a variational formulation framework that leads to a linear system associated with a positive definite Hermitian matrix. This matrix results from using a stabilized-like technique. Therefore, we use a preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm to solve the system without computing the resulting matrix. Numerical results to illustrate the potential of the method for solving efficiently Helmholtz problems in the mid- and high-frequency regime will be presented. Such results are compared to the ones obtained by the discontinuous Galerkin method designed by C. Farhat et al in [3] and analyzed mathematically in [4].


The use of a phased array antenna (FAR) with an asymmetric total antenna pattern (AP) with a reduced level of side lobes in the lower half-sphere in the mode of building of weather map and direction finding of air point targets is an actual way to minimize parasitic response radiation from the earth's surface. However, the necessary amplitude-phase distribution (APD) on the antenna leads not only to a decrease in the side lobes, but also to an asymmetry of the shape of the target direction finding characteristic (DFC) and its inverse function (IDFC). This work is devoted to the search for optimal (in the sense of the proposed criteria) APD parameters and the analysis of features of measuring the angular coordinates of point targets with asymmetric DFC and IDFC.


Importance: This is the largest retrospective report of the prevalence of corneal disease by histopathology analysis, which represents a patient population of over 100 million people in China. Objective: To analyze the prevalence of corneal diseases in China by histopathological examination. Design: Case series, a retrospective study was performed by histopathological analysis on 3592 corneal specimens from 3589 patients who underwent corneal surgery between January 2001 and December 2012 in Henan Eye Institute. The clinical data and pathological diagnoses were collected. Participants: 3592 corneal specimens from 3589 patients. Main Outcome Measure: histopathological analysis. Results: Infectious keratitis (2506 specimen, 69.77%) was the most common corneal disease by pathologic diagnosis. Of these, 1330 (53.07%) were diagnosed as fungal keratitis, 279 (11.13%) as bacterial keratitis, 258 (10.30%) as viral keratitis, and 26 (1.04%) as acanthamoeba keratitis. The organism of the infection in 567 (22.63%) specimens could not be determined. Specimens diagnosed with non-infectious corneal disease included 318 (8.85%) corneal tumors. Other corneal disease was the diagnosis for the remaining 768 cases (21.38%). Conclusion: Infectious keratitis, especially of fungal origin, is the most common Infectious corneal disease in China. It is also the major cause for surgical intervention in the treatment of corneal disease.


A compilation of the thermodynamics of simple ions in ammonia is given, based on thermodynamic data of their salts, on some electrochemical data and on those of solvated electrons. The final data are expressed in terms of the solvation enthalpies, solvation entropies and electrode potentials of the ions. With the uncertainties of the work function of the metals and that of the surface potential of the solvent, the concept that solvated electrons are partner of any redox equilibria allows the calculation of the "absolute" electrode equilibrium potential of any electrode in contact with the solution of any redox pair. This is exemplified for a cesium and a silver electrode in ammonia. - Finally the differences in the kinetics of solvated electrons in water and in ammonia with respect to the reaction with the solvent are expressed qualitatively by the transition state theory making use of the thermodynamic data of the solvated electrons. The high stability of electrons in ammonia is due to their very high positive partial molar entropy.