Talc is a mineral composed of hydrated magnesium silicate, and is used as a lubricant and excipient in some medications. Intravenous injection of heroin mixed with talc particles or crushed tablets is a major cause of pulmonary talcosis, which can lead to complications such as pulmonary artery hypertension, cor pulmonale, emphysema, and progressive massive fibrosis. A 42-year-old man, a former drug addict receiving methadone treatment, presented with progressive dyspnea on exertion and malaise for 3 months, and low-grade fever for 3 weeks. A chest radiograph and high resolution computed tomography revealed diffuse bilateral micronodular lesions. The initial differential diagnosis included miliary tuberculosis, silicosis, and rare pulmonary talcosis. The patient underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic wedge resection of the right middle lobe of the lung. The pathologic report revealed numerous foreign bodies (crystals) with granuloma formations along the lymphovascular bundles, as well as fibrosis and diffuse crystals deposited in the perivascular space and interstitium. These crystals exhibited birefringence under polarized light. Pulmonary talcosis was confirmed. At present, there is no established treatment for pulmonary talcosis. Lung transplantation is an option for advanced disease. (Thorac Med 2016; 31: 351-357)


This article discusses the results of an investigation on the role played by the pedagogi- cal coordinator in the school context. It is a biblio- graphic, documentary and field research carried out in government schools in two cities in the west of Parana. In this investigation, we analyzed the cur- rent legislation and recent debates on the profes- sional activity of pedagogues in school manage- ment tasks, and we interviewed: a coordinator of the Centro de Apoio Pedagogico de Pessoas Cegas e Visao Reduzida - CAP (Educational Support Center for the Blind and People with Low Vision) in Cascav- el (Parana); coordinators of four prefectural schools from different areas of Cascavel (Parana), one from each school; a coordinator of a prefectural school in Cafelândia (Parana). The results showed a great deal of work of the pedagogue in non-teaching duties, revealing a set of actions that exceed his/ her field and interfere with his/her daily planning, which has negative consequences for the perfor- mance of this professional.


In 2010 it was proved that a 3-regular matchstick graph of girth 5 must consist at least of 30 vertices. The smallest known example consisted of 180 vertices. In this article we construct an example consisting of 54 vertices and prove its geometrical correctness.


my understanding of the red slip table ware found at Pompeii, particularly the wares made in Campania. The third was to explore the circulation of CRSW throughout the Mediterranean. Residence in the Eternal City provided access to remarkable library facilities, a veritable feast of literature! It also furnished the opportunity to discuss my work with many knowledgeable scholars and pottery specialists, whose advice and guidance were greatly appreciated in the preparation and submission of articles for publication. The proximity of Rome to Pompeii meant that I could visit the city regularly (a novel experience when one normally resides in Australia), in order to examine additional ceramic assemblages and to collaborate with other archaeologists working in different regions of Pompeii. These experiences broadened my knowledge of the social use of red slip table ware throughout the city, and provided further data to add to a growing and extensive typological catalogue of CRSW forms and potters' stamps, a large number of which were undocumented previously. Inquiry into the extent of CRSW distribution throughout the Mediterranean involved both literary and practical research. Published site reports that record this pottery were surveyed, and a database created to register relevant information, such as the find-spot, vessel form and potters' stamp, information that will be an important research tool in the future. The investigation was enhanced further by an invitation to examine fabric samples at the British Museum, London, where I was able to determine that red slip vessels found at Cherchel, Algeria, were manufactured in the CRSW workshops of Campania. During the brief visit to England I also attended a petrology conference at the University of Sheffield, which proved to be a vital learning experience. The knowledge gained during my time as the Maequarie University Gale Scholar at the British School at Rome will be invaluable in the continuing study of ceramic production in Campania.


Prof Nilay Shah, Head of Chemical Engineering at Imperial College London, examines the engineering challenges of rapidly scaling up vaccine production.


Stankovi}, I. & Ternjej, I.: New data on Croatian crustacean plankton fauna (Copepoda & Cladocera) in the ^ingi-Lingi Lake. Nat. Croat., Vol. 18, No. 1., 181–184, 2009, Zagreb. ^ingi-Lingi Lake is a gravel pit produced 25 years ago. During investigation of zooplankton in the year 2004 we determined eight species. Three of them are copepods and five of them are cladocerans. ^ingi-Lingi Lake is the only locality where zooplankton in the Drava Valley region has been investigated.


Court of Human Rights is a special court below the General Court that located in the Regency/City wh ich jurisdiction includes in its District Court.  The a uthority of the Court of Human Rights is tasked to examine and rule on cases of human rights violations , investigate and adjudicate serious violations of human rights which heavily committed outside the territorial boundaries of the Republic of Indonesia by an Indonesian citizen. Court of Human Rights, which adjudicate cases of gross human rights violations in East Timor Polls Post-defendants have been executed by both military and civilian, and was decided by the Court of Human Rights under law No. 26 Year 2000 regarding Human Rights Court. Key words : court of human rights, violation of human rights , law enforcement


Abstract The main disadvantage of the Output-Error (OE) identification methods is that they may converge to a secondary optimum. A good initialization converges to the global optimum. The ARX model is often selected as initialization step to OE algorithms. However, the ARX model may be too biased and may not lead to a good initialization. This paper presents an approach based on the Reinitialized Partial Moment (RPM) to obtain a good initialization for OE methods. The RPM model presents an implicit filter that replaces the necessary explicit filter required by the ARX model. The result are encouraging and they have shown that the RPM based approach has to lead to a better initialization than the conventional techniques.


Since Pope John Paul II's visit to Australia, in 1986, the face of the Australian Catholic Church has changed dramatically. The once celebrated 'comfortableness at calling themselves Catholics', has given way to shame and calamity caused by hundreds of moral and sexual misconduct cases. The Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse not only challenges the church's governance. It also questions certain practical aspects of ecclesiology, for example, the priestly celibacy or the seal of confession that might have contributed to and even aggravated the abuse of minors.


of Presentation to be offered at the Virtual Educa 2003 Conference Lionel S. Duncan, PhD 1. Background to Educatodos The USAID Mission in Honduras has identified the rural Honduran indigenous and ethnic population as one of its focal points for the infusion of development support. The mission recognizes the direct conditions faced by the population, the impact that it can have in strengthening democracy and human rights, and the need to offer the poorest of the poor away forward. Without intervention, their human condition is unlikely to change. To support this mission's strategic objectives for this sector of Honduran Society, a collaborative relation was proposed between Morgan State University (MSU), a Historically Black College and University (HBCU) in Baltimore, Maryland and the Universidad Tecnologica de Honduras (UTH) in San Pedro Sula. 2. Goal, Objective and Implementation Activities The Goals of the partnership are 1) to enhance the social capital of Honduran rural communities, particularly among ethnic minorities through increasing access to formal education and new technologies and 2) to support the efforts of young adults, particularly Afro-descendants and other underserved populations, to improve intercultural relations and ease their integration into the global economy. In order to reach the above broad goals, the main objective of the partnership is to provide a platform for the establishment of three pilot Community Technology and eLearning Centers (CTELS) to address the education access and technology training needs of young adults in poor, rural communities in Honduras. Through the activities of CTELS the partnership will offer these communities access to the curriculum Content of the USAID funded EDUCATODOS program. MSU will share equipment and e-learning with UTH and provide training and technical assistance to UTH faculty and students for the establishment and operation of an asynchronous distance learning education program. Through the partnership, MSU will provide poor rural communities with software, connectivity and training for the operation of the CTELs. This project proposes to install and operate three e-learning Centers in select community location in Honduras, with the vision of expanding these centers to San Andres, Columbia, Panama and Nicaragua. These telecenters will serve as a mechanism for the introduction of online distance learning which will provide educational programs relevant to the problems faced by rural communities. Initially the programs will be focused on improving racial tolerance and fostering mutual respect among distinct ethnic groups. Through the Centers, UTH will offer their students access to MSU continuing education credits in ESL and subsequently in other areas. Additionally, UTH in collaboration with MSU, will provide rural young adults with training on basic computer use and Internet research tools. To this end, MSU will develop an AfroCentric Social Studies curriculum, which in addition to educating youth on the African Diaspora and Honduran History and Culture will strengthen students' computer skills by incorporating the use of the technology in the delivery of these courses. At the conclusion of this pilot initiative, through the use Blackboard Course Development technology, young adults from the targeted communities will be able to continue their education beyond that which is available in their communities by enrolling in the UTH asynchronous distance learning education program. At the same time, UTH students will be afforded the opportunity to take classes in other programs not available at their schools through distance education articulation agreements. The Afro Centric Social Studies program will be adapted and included in the UTH distance learning system, thus making it available to similar students throughout the entire Afro-Latin American Diaspora.


This study investigated the effects of a counseling program to modify the wives' cognitive distortions on improving level of marital adjustment and relationship with their children. The sample of the study consisted of 54 wives who have children aged between 14-17 years. The sample was randomly distributed to experimental group (29), and control group (25). Two scales have been used in the study, the marital adjustment scale and the mother - child relationship scale that measures three dimensions of the mother-child relationship (parental authority, emotional attachment and marital consentient). The scale has two versions: One for mothers and the other for children. Results indicated significant differences in the level of marital adjustment and the mother - child relationship in favor of the experimental group.
Results indicated that there was significant correlation between marital adjustment and all dimensions of the mother- child relationship, from the point of view of mothers. Meanwhile there was a significant correlation between marital adjustment and only two dimensions of the mother - child relationship (emotional attachment and marital consentient), but not for the dimension of parental authority from the view point of children.


Purpose: To identify clinical markers that are associated to swallowing alterations in infants after surgical repair of congenital heart disease (CHD) and to correlate these markers to the categories on the Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Disease 1 (RACHS-1) scale. Methods: Using the Pediatric Center Database System we conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study on children admitted to the pediatric hospital unit due to CDH. We collected data on specific parameters of a clinical swallowing assessment (SA) and dysphagia was classified according to the Dysphagia Management Staging Scale. We also included demographic and clinical markers and patient´s risk of mortality was determined by using the RACHS-1. Results: The final study sample consisted of 108 patients. Important findings were: the more severe signs of dysphagia are associated to an increased length of hospital stay (p=0.005); an increased number and duration of orotracheal intubation (p=0.022 and 0.005 respectively); an increased time between hospital admission and SA (p=0.003); an increased time between the surgical procedure and swallowing assessment (0.043); and an increased number of SLP sessions to remove alternate feeding methods and warrant safe oral feeding (p<0.001). No correlations were observed between the infant's risk of mortality and the altered sings on the clinical swallowing assessment. Conclusion: The data from this study contributes to the current knowledge that children with heart condition requiring heart surgery in the first month of life have high risk of presenting feeding difficulties and will require prolonged hospital care. No correlation was observed between the categories on RACHS-1 and the altered signs on the clinical swallowing assessment.


We report a previously healthy 82-year-old male with cryptococcal meningitis (CM) who represented neurological deterioration due to post-infectious inflammatory response syndrome (PIIRS) occurring in 4 months after initial antifungal therapy. He was treated with corticosteroids for 2 months and recovered clinically. However, the clinical manifestation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results got worse again on the next day after corticosteroid withdrawal. The analysis of inflammatory cytokines and culture on CSF, as well as brain MRI, still suggested a diagnosis of PIIRS. Therefore, corticosteroid therapy was used again and he subsequently obtained a complete resolution of symptoms.


With over one million kilometres of road, Canada's extensive network provides a safe, efficient and affordable means of surface transportation and supports a wealth of economic and social activities. Many individuals rely on the Canadian road network for transport to the workplace and a wide array of economic uses, for recreation and leisure activities, and for emergency and security services. The de-icer of choice continues to be salt. Since TAC's Salt Management Guide was published in 1999, advancements have been made in the field of salt management. In order to keep the Guide current, an update of the document was deemed necessary to incorporate the research and lessons learned in the past ten years. This Guide and the Syntheses of Best Practices continue to identify and described ways of handling and using salt to maintain its usefulness within winter maintenance while reducing its adverse effects to the environment. (A)


Using critical and feminist theoretical frameworks, this report of a qualitative study describes women's perspectives of the welfare bureaucracy. An analysis of interviews with 38 women revealed emotional and economic abuse both in the welfare system and their personal lives. Interactions with frontline workers who implement the rules and regulations of welfare reform disempower recipients and mimic the conditions of abuse that these women have already experienced. Genograms provide a context for the women's personal histories. Recommendations include removing sanctions as a form of economic abuse, screening every applicant for interpersonal violence, and referring women to mental health services if necessary.


In view of the important oncogenic action of lipoxygenase (LOX) and cycloxygenase (COX) enzymatic activities we investigated, by using real time PCR, their presence in human meningiomas. Results indicated the presence of 5-LOX, 12-LOX, 15-LOX1, 15-LOX2, COX-1, COX-2, prostaglandin E (PGE) synthase, prostacyclin (PGI) synthase and thromboxane (TX) synthase transcripts in meningiomas but without relation to the tumor grade, the subtype of meningiomas, the presence of inflammatory infiltrated cells, of an associated edema, mitosis, brain invasion, vascularisation or necrosis. Similar results were found for BLT1 and BLT2 transcripts (encoding LTB4 receptors) and for prostanoid receptor transcripts (EP1-4 for PGE2, IP for PGI2 and TP for TXA2). In conclusion, genes encoding enzymatic activities implicated in the eicosanoid cascade are expressed in meningiomas. LOX- and COX-derived arachidonic acid metabolites might act on tumor growth not only by acting on cell growth but also by altering the local cytokine and/ or angiogenic networks.


Due to acute change of temperature stress and internal temperature in concrete, large amounts of crack will come into being in large volume concrete construction, and it will affect concrete character such as waterproofness 、wear and whole. Thus, crack control is the key of concrete construction. Based on construction practice, the paper analyses the method used in the construction of large volume concrete abutment. The construction results show fine application effects.


Since 1988, R&D of the X‐band klystron in KEK has been carried out, and in this R&D program the two types of the X‐band klystrons has been designed and tested (REF‐1,2,3). The first one is the 30MW class klystron named XB‐50k. This rather moderate peak power klystron was designed as the first step to the 100MW class klystron, and in 1992, could achieve 26MW peak power successfully. This XB‐50k♯1a had supplied the RF power to the first X‐band accelerating structure high power test in autumn of 1992. The second klystron named XB‐72k in this R&D program, was designed as the first 100MW class klystron which could fulfill the minimum power requirement for the RF power source of the X‐band linac in the next generation of several hundreds GeV electron positron linear colliders. The first XB‐72k♯1 was tested in 1992 and 1993, and successfully achieved the peak spring and also achieved 95MW. In order to verify the technological feasibility of the conventional klystron power system as the possible candidate of the ...


ABSTRACT This article analyzes the connections between memory and human dignity as it intersects with art and art museums. Two recent examples—the Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos 2016 exhibit Expolio, and Alexander Sokurov's 2015 film-essay, Francofonia—highlight the need for a larger conversation regarding the way accumulation and loss of cultural products uphold or denigrate human dignity, a concept that is not often thought of in relation to the assets of art museums. Using the historical frames set out by these examples, which span from the opening of the Louvre to the plundering of cultural artifacts in Syria, I argue that dignity has always been an asset of museums. It is through the merging of dignity and memory, in the context of art and culture, that the emerging field of human rights museology can begin to speak more broadly to art history and memory studies alike.


The preliminary study of several lower Cretaceous outcrops near Villa de Leyva, and ChipataVelez sectors (Boyaca-Santander, Colombia) allowed the identification of high content of the calcareous benthic foraminifera Epistomina caracolla (ROEMER) over biosparitic limestones in the middle part of the Paja Formation. Benthic foraminifera in all these points are associated with the ammonites Pseudohaploceras, Pedioceras, Nicklesia, Buergliceras and Karsteniceras, that indicate a lower Barremian age. Micropaleontologic and petrographic studies of these calcareous levels show a great similarity in their characteristics and the homogeneous presence of the identified fossil association supports the designation of a bioevent with possible stratigraphic relevance in the Paja Formation.


I read with interest the news story on a specialised drug prescribing system that aims to improve surveillance in hospitals and highlight patients at risk of harm resulting from clinical error or criminal activity (news August 8).


This article describes the main options for the processing of municipal solid waste. Bring them a comparative ecological and economic characteristics. The main objective of waste managementshould be processing them.


Introduction
The project is based on research on pheromones and the project SoftPest Multitrap. Copenhagen Universitys Science and Life Sciences, more specifically Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, has researched and developed the pheromonis for mass trapping of the Strawberry Blossom Weevil (Anthonomus Rubi) and the European Tarnished Plant Bug (Lygus Rugulipennis). Our foucus is on the user-experience Associated with the pheromonibased traps. Especially the distrubution, assembly, setup, Collection, cleaning, storage and

The Problem
The Strawberry Blossom Weevil and European Tarnished Plant Bug are a major problem to European strawberry producers and reduces the annual yield remarkably. The conventional strawberry producers can efficiently spray with pesticides to control the pest, however, this is harmful to the environment. The ecological strawberry producers lack effective pest control methods and has no options if they are attacked by the mentioned pest. A preromone-based pest control method is a promising alternative and it is useful for both conventional and ecological strawberry producers. However, a userdriven redesign of SoftPest Multitrap (figure 1) is nescessary. This is to ensure that the traps can be easily implemented in the various production methods and be a competitive alternative to pesticides.


In England, the corn-growing situation, after a span of precarious years, has now become critical. Even if prices rise substantially and fairly soon, what may be described as essentially the "English cereal yield problem" will remain.


At present, more and more regional economic groups are being established. The building up of Shenzhen-Hong Kong Free Trade Zone is meeting the demands of the current development. The micro-environment of cooperation between Shenzhen and Hong Kong is coming to mature; the building up of free trade zone will improve the development of both cities in various aspects; Shenzhen also has to function as a new experiment field; and Hong Kong promptly needs forces to push its economy; all above-mentioned shows the possibilities and necessity to build up a free trade zone. But factors as the different extent of macro-economic adjustment by the two governments, the difficulties in balancing benefits, the hindrance in the coordination between financial system, and the possible conflicts between the legal systems will increase the difficulty of building up the free trade zone. Based on those analyses, five solutions are put forward: establish a three-land high level negotiation organization; set up a negotiation and adjustment mechanism; construct a reasonable manufacturing origin principle; take the benefit of the entire group as the principle; manage the coordination of both cities; and speed up the construction of e-administration and e-commerce.


Objective: Explore the distribution of Ⅳcollagen albumen in various hepatitis B. Methods: By using the liver puncturing pathology examination diagnose various hepatitis 113 examples and using ELA to determine the density of collagen albumen.Results: The Ⅳ collagen albumen from is in height of to low in proper order is virus hepatitis B chronic and heavy hepatitis B cirrhosis?virus hepatitis B chronic and middle or light type. And if the density is over 400μg/ml, it is virus hepatitis B severe. Conclusion: Ⅳ collagen albumen determination is objective various hepatic, cure and prevention.


Abstract
A multilevel modeling approach was used to investigate the influence of age composition in 70 urban preschool classrooms. A series of hierarchical linear models demonstrated that greater variance in classroom age composition was negatively related to development on the Child Observation Record (COR) Cognitive, Motor, and Social subscales. This was true when controlling for class size, general classroom quality, and socioeconomic status at the classroom level and for age, gender, and baseline ability at the child level. Additionally, to address possible concerns related to nonrandom assignment to classrooms, a series of models were run including variance in developmental age (i.e., baseline ability) at the classroom level and at the child level. The results were consistent for chronological age composition and developmental age composition at the classroom level; greater variance in classroom developmental age composition was negatively related to Time 2 scores on the COR Cognitive, Motor, and Social subscales. Furthermore, a cross-level interaction indicated that negative influence of greater variance in classroom developmental age composition was stronger for children older in developmental age. Implications for early childhood education policy are discussed.


Ada 9111[ Project Management W hen I was first asked to direct the revision activity for Ada, I knew it would be an interesting project but I had no idea how challenging it would be. Since Ada enjoys multistandardiza-tion status, any revision activity must eventually seek approval by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the International Standards Organization (ISO). This involves an enormous consensus-building effort. Ultimately , 21 countries will vote on the draft ISO standard. A language revision must address a multitude of current user expectations and hopefully attract new users. Upward capability must, or course, be a high priority, to minimize disruption to current users. The project has been challenging and frustrating at times, but also rewarding and exciting. In July 1988 the Ada Board, the Federal Advisory Committee of the Ada Joint Program Office (AJPO), recommended that the Department of Defense (DAD) initiate a revision (called Ada 9X) of ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A. Shortly thereafter, I was asked by the AJPO director if I was interested in managing this effort. I accepted and in August 1988 found myself sitting down at a blank screen and a keyboard sketching out milestones. Several iterations later, I started thinking in terms of specific tasks, personnel and budgets. The Ada 9X Project Plan was published in December 1988. Since the project is sponsored by the U.S. government, bringing teams on board had to be done via a lengthy procurement process. So, while I set the wheels in motion to make that happen, I put out a worldwide call for revision requests from Ada users. Next, I brought the technical advisers on board-29 Ada experts from six countries representing a wide range of the Ada community-real-time embedded system developers , information system developers, academia, and compiler implement-ers. These advisers, called the Distinguished Reviewers (DRs), are responsible for reviewing all technical aspects of the revision. They have proved to be an excellent barometer of public sentiment. For example, when the first release of the Mapping Document was published in Febru-ary 1991, the DRs predicted the public would feel the proposed mapping was too complex and should be refined and simplified. At the Ada 9X Workshop in March 1991, the public recommended just that. This intense scrutiny, while often hard on the team whose work is under review, is resulting in a very high-quality product. By December 1990, the …


Network structure plays a significant role in determining the performance of network inference tasks. An interactive tool to study the dependence of network topology on estimation performance was developed. The tool allows end-users to easily create and modify network structures and observe the performance of pole estimation measured by Cramer-Rao bounds. The tool also automatically suggests the best measurement locations to maximize estimation performance, and thus finds its broad applications on the optimal design of data collection experiments. Finally, a series of theoretical results that explicitly connect subsets of network structures with inference performance are obtained.


Floor impact sound is one noise in apartment houses that cannot be avoided. Heavyweight impact sound can be evaluated by three indexes: a method using reverse-A curve (Li,Fmax,Aw), A-weighted sound level (LiA,Fmax), and the method of the arithmetic mean of measured frequencies (Li,Favg,Fmax). The present study divided slab thickness in apartments into two groups on the basis of 210 mm thickness. Their correlations with the three indexes were then analyzed. Among the three indexes, a determination coefficient (R2=0.97) between the index using reverse-A curve and dB(A) index was the highest. The analysis result of the correlation between the three indexes and frequencies (63 Hz, 125 Hz, 250 Hz) revealed that a correlation with the 63 Hz was the highest although the result was somewhat different depending on data group and index.


Does democracy dampen clientelism and enhance accountability in social policy making? The conventional answer to this question is that democracy is more likely to redistribute income in favor of the poor. However, recent scholarly works present evidence that the distributive politics in emerging democracies often induces office-seeking politicians to manipulate social spending for electoral gain, which make social policy less accountable to impoverished citizens. This study provides some texture to the latter argument to show that policy-oriented and institutional reforms enacted in tandem with democratization work to constrain the clientelist distribution of social spending, and help promote programmatic redistribution in favor of the poor. Focusing on the case of Mexico, I demonstrate that the introduction of conditional cash transfer programs and the development of monitoring institutions over social programs tied politicians' hands by developing institutional constraints on discretionary spending. Using an original dataset, I compare the geographic distribution of Pronasol (Programa Nacional de Solidaridad, 1988-1994) and Progresa (Programa de Educacion, Salud y Alimentacion) (1997-2002), and Oportunidades (2002-2006), and demonstrate that Mexico's anti-poverty programs became increasingly pro-poor and less clientelist over time.


Single crystal diffraction analysis is a technique being increasingly utilized by non-specialists. To give students an introductory experience in this method, a one to two hour lecture and a three hour lab are described for use in courses such as organic analysis, biophysical chemistry, and instrumental methods. This class emphasizes the practical aspects of diffraction analysis, especially how routine structures are solved, how the results are prepared for publication as graphics and tables, and how reliable these results are. The student employ x-ray diffraction analysis software (i.e. SHELXTL) to solve the structures of compounds from supplied crystallographic data sets. Three data sets appropriate for this experiment are provided (i.e. for PhCH2-NH-CHPh-P(O)(OH)(OEt), (η6-1,4-C6H4(NH2)(NMe2))Cr(CO)3, and Pd(Ph2PCH2CH2PPh2)(S2C2(CN)2)) as is a link to a Youngstown State University Structure Center WEB page (i.e. http://www.as.ysu.edu/~adhunter/YSUSC/XRAYDPST/index.html) where additional properly format...


1. Professor, Department of Paediatrics, BSMMU, Dhaka. 2. Paediatrician, Department of Paediatrics, BSMMU, Dhaka. 3. Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics, BSMMU, Dhaka. Correspondence: Shahana A Rahman. Email: shahana2pd@ yahoo.com Introduction Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by multisystem inflammation and the presence of circulating autoantibodies directed against self antigens, leading to inflammatory damage of many target organs including the skin, joints, kidneys, blood cells, blood vessels and the central nervous system.1 SLE in children and adolescents (pSLE) may have a great variability in disease presentation and course.pSLE tend to have more severe and more aggressive disease course than adult SLE patients, and often presents with major organ system involvement, including renal, neuropsychiatric (NP) and haematological involvement. Among the general clinical characteristics, constitutional symptoms such as unexplained fever, malaise and weight loss are present in 40-90% of cases and are the most common manifestations in pSLE.2 These manifestations may be seen throughout the course of the disease or intermittently.In Bangladesh one study found that common clinical presentations of pSLE included general weakness/ fatigue (91%), fever (83%), arthralgia/arthritis (74%), oral ulcer (73%), and skin rash (71%).3


Former researchers ignored that the groundwater environment health(GEH) could be decided by any groundwater function instead of the combination of all the groundwater functions.If the health statuses of different functions exhibited polarization,the fuzzy evaluation of GEH in former researches would be equalized.And the flattened evaluation might lead to unreasonable groundwater protection and utilization decision.Function-based fuzzy diagnosis(FFD) was intent on repairing these drawbacks.It was applied on the GEH assessment of four cities: Zhengzhou,Kaifeng,Xinxiang and Puyang.Besides the integrated GEH,the health statuses of different groundwater functions were also identified.The results of FFD could show the key point of the groundwater protection and utilization decision.Moreover,mathematical methods could be used to select thefactors,because they could avoid the subjective assume and improve the evaluation efficiency.However,it could not express the nature of the GHS completely,even might miss important factors or bring in disturbing factors.Therefore,artificial inspection was required to examine the factors selected by mathematical method.Furthermore,objective weight selection could not give each factor a proper weight based on the nature of the factor,so artificial examination and adjustment were required in order to avoid the wrong diagnosis on groundwater environment health.


Dye-dilution curves were recorded from the aortic arch of dogs with left ventricular-atrial regurgitation produced surgically by a shunt from the apex of the left ventricle to the left atrial appendage. Rate of regurgitation was monitored by an electroturbinometer and was varied from 0.9 to 3.3 liters per minute. In each dog, reciprocal of the downslope and variance of curves obtained after injection of dye into the left atrium varied directly with rate of backflow and inversely with net cardiac output. These effects of regurgitation were not due to change in transit volume. Estimates of regurgitation based on change in reciprocal of slope correlated closely with flowmeter values and were more accurate than estimates based on change in variance. Back flow was underestimated by curves recorded after injection of dye into the pulmonary artery.


To improve -saponite(SPT) film flexibility, we prepared SPT hybrid clay films with various poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) concentrations(0~10 wt%) using the solution intercalation method. In this study, we investigated the thermo-optical properties, morphology, and gas permeability of the SPT hybrid films. We also examined the relationship between the film properties and PVA content using wide angle X-ray diffraction measurements(XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), thermomechanical analysis(TMA), ultraviolet-visible(UV-vis) spectroscopy, and oxygen transmission rate(TR) testing. The properties of the clay hybrid films were strongly affected by PVA filler content. The presence of a small amount of PVA was sufficient to improve the flexibility of SPT hybrid films.


This brief presents a nano-ampere CMOS current reference (CCR) for low power application with a wide temperature range from −40°C to 120°C. The current reference is generated by the division of a temperature-independent voltage and resistance in a simple way. The low temperature-independent voltage is generated based on the threshold voltage difference between two same-type NMOS transistors with different channel lengths working in the subthreshold region, while the temperature-independent resistance is made up by two poly resistors, whose temperature coefficients are opposite. By designing a low voltage to allow for a small resistance, the CCR circuit takes a small chip area while generating nano-ampere current. The proposed CCR circuit was implemented in a standard 0.18- ${\mu }\text{m}$ CMOS process and its active area is 0.054 mm2. Among the measured 10 samples, the average output current is 11.6 nA and the average temperature coefficient is 169 ppm/°C.


Objective To discuss the feasibility of early endovascular embolization for the treatment of Hunt-Hens V ruptured intracranial aneurysms.Methods A total of 31 cases with Hunt-Hens V intracranial aneurysms encountered in the period from Sep.2000 to Oct.2010 were enrolled in this study.The clinical data and the therapeutic results were retrospectively analyzed.Thirty-one patients received interventional treatment within three days including 19 within 24 hours after adinission,The diameter of the aneurysms was(2.7-12.7) mm.After endovascular embolization,external ventricular drainage(n = 5),tracheotomy(n = 23),lumbar puncture drainage(n = 18) and/or evacuation of hematoma(n = 7) was,when needed,further employed.All patients were followed up for 6 months.Results A total of 32 intracranial aneurysms were detected in 31 patients.Interventional endovascular embolization was performed for 31 lesions.Compact embolization of intracranial aneurysm was used in 25 cases,and sub-compact embolization of intracranial aneurysm was adopted in 6 cases.Of the 31 patients,death occurred in 8(25.8%) and severe disability was seen in 9(29.0%),vegetable state in 4(12.9%),good condition in 4(12.9%),mild disability in 6(19.4%).Hydrocephalus developed in 16 cases and establishment of ventricle-to-abdomen shunt was performed in 10 cases.Conclusion For the treatment of Hunt-Hens V ruptured intracranial aneurysms,endovascular embolization should be carried out as early as possible in order to prevent the occurrence of severe complications.


The invention relates to a gravity-flotation joint separation technology for coking middlings and belongs to the technical field of mineral processing. The technology comprises the steps of crushing the coking middlings, water medium whirlcone gravity concentration, and ore grinding-floatation of gravity concentration middle products. The technology is characterized in that the water medium whirlcone is adopted for gravity concentration, so that equipment is few in link and simple in technology; no heavy media need consuming, so that operation cost is low; head pulling or tail throwing is adopted for gravity concentration, so that subsequent ore grinding materials are made to be reduced in number, and energy consumption is saved.


Curriculum design is a complex task. One tool used in the design process is curriculum mapping. A mandated transition from a quarter to a semester academic calendar, alongside preparation of accreditation self-study materials, provided an opportunity for faculty teaching in an entry-level occupational therapy program to review the underlying basis of the curriculum. Two taxonomies of learning (Bloom's cognitive domain and Fink's taxonomy of significant learning experiences) were used to examine existing courses and to consider how learning outcomes and experiences varied over the sequence of courses in the curriculum. This led to the creation of a series of course maps that have been useful in informing current curriculum design and guiding future work. In this article, the authors describe the context under which this review took place, briefly review the pertinent literature relating to curriculum design and mapping in occupational therapy education, discuss the mapping process, and provide examples of course maps. The authors reflect on the process and plans for using what was learned in future curricular design projects.


REPRESENTING COMPONENT VARIABILITY IN CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT Bayraktar, Gamze M.S., Department of Computer Engineering Supervisor : Assoc. Prof. Halit Oğuztüzün Co-Supervisor : Assoc. Prof. Ali Hikmet Doğru September 2012, 61 pages Reusability of assets within a family of products is the major goal of Software Product Line Engineering (SPLE), therefore managing variability is an important task in SPLs. Configuration management in the context of software product line engineering is more complicated than that in single systems engineering due to "variability in space" in addition to "variability in time" of core assets. In this study, a method for documenting variability in executable configuration items, namely components, is proposed by associating them with the Orthogonal Variability Model (OVM) which introduces variability as a separate model. The main aim is to trace variability in different configurations by explicitly documenting variability information for components. The links between OVM elements and components facilitate tool support for product derivation as the components matching the selected variations can be gathered by following the links. The proposed scheme is demonstrated on a case study about a radar GUI variability model.


It has always been recognised that appropriate nutrition is vital for health and the normal functioning of the body. When shopping, people of developed countries bear in mind health as one of the most important motives for food choice. However, our field work on the consumption of functional foods, we detected a new aspect in the choice of nourishing products: food must help the consumer to age with quality of life –that is to say, to live longer and healthier. The preferences of consumers are slowly being changed, moving towards food consumption ruled by the principles of the optimal diet. PALABRAS CLAVE | KEYWORDS estilos de vida | habitos alimentarios | longevidad | antienvejecimiento | restriccion calorica | dieta optima | lifestyles | food habits | longevity | antiaging diet | caloric restriction | optimal diet


Besides analyzing the strategic implications and development modes of commercial banks,this article also discussed the strategic contents which include market orientation,financial goals and risk management.from the aspects of internal resources and external environment,the article further pointed out the constraints of affecting the development strategy and considered that strategic orientations determining the development goals should be the maximization of scale,income and image.


Indole and N-methylindole have been partially or fully deuterated by Raney nickel catalyzed 1H-2H exchange in a series of deuterated solvents. Perdeuterated indoles have been obtained in water and methanol while compounds that are preferentially deuterated at specific sites were obtained in chloroform, acetone, acetonitrile, ethanol, and isopropanol. The partially deuterated compounds are an important research tool for solid-state NMR studies on proteins. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Disclosed is an automatic clip driver including an upper case having a cover coupling section formed with a clip insertion hole, and a knob mounting section having a knob slide slot for receiving a pushing knob to be longitudinally slidable, a lower case coupled to the upper case, an opening/closing cover hingably coupled to the upper case to selectively open the cover coupling section, a clip pushing member interposed between the upper and lower cases and adapted to forwardly urge clips received in a clip receiving space defined between the upper and lower cases, a first elastic member connected between the opening/closing cover and the clip pushing member and adapted to forwardly or rearwardly urge the clip pushing member in accordance with an opening or closing movement of the opening/closing cover, and a second elastic member connected between the pushing knob and the upper case and adapted to urge the pushing knob to be always positioned at a rear end of the knob slide slot.


The distinguishing traits of characters in novels may appear to change in translation. One of the main means of conveying the individualities, personalities and moral qualities of characters is thr ...


A total of 127 patients with CNS tumors were evaluated clinically and by imaging techniques (using MRI and CT-scan), followed by intraoperative cytological examination and then histopathological evaluation of the resected tumor tissues. The aim of the study was histopathological diagnosis and typing of CNS tumors and assessment of the possible diagnostic roles of cytology and the available imaging techniques. Results: Patients ages ranged from 3-72 years with a mean age of 40 years and a male to female ratio of 1.6:1. Majority had intracranial tumors (91.3%). Parietal lobe (21%) was the predominant affected region. Most tumors were malignant (61.4%). Astrocytomas (44.1%) were the commonest tumors, followed by meningiomas (24.4%). Cytology was found to be a valid supplementary diagnostic procedure to the available histologic tests for a rapid intraoperative diagnosis. The accuracy rate was 87% with a sensitivity of (92.6%) and a specificity of (100%), while the accuracy rate of imaging techniques was 69.3%.


Discussion paper commissioned by the RSE for its official working group on BBC Charter Renewal. The paper sought to investigate evolving mobile digital platforms and audience habits. Beyond this the research was intended to highlight areas where the BBC might develop a more commercial strategy in the new charter period. The paper fed into the discussions around the RSE response to the government consultation on BBC Charter renewal.
The paper is significant to measure the impact of research around interactive Second Screen activity in the media landscape.


The utility model provides a programmable logic controller (PLC) automatic deviation correction system for linkage control on two electromagnetic lifters, which comprises respective PLC controllers of the two electromagnetic lifters; carts of the two electromagnetic lifters are respectively provided with a laser range finder between the carts; trolleys of the two electromagnetic lifters are respectively provided with a laser range finder between the trolleys; main lifting hooks of the two electromagnetic lifters are respectively provided with a lifting beam height laser range finder; the outputs of all the laser range finders of each electromagnetic lifter are connected to the respective PLC controllers; the outputs of the PLC controllers of the two electromagnetic lifters are connected with respective excitation relay control circuits through a digital/analogue (D/A) conversion circuit; the outputs of the PLC controllers of the two electromagnetic lifters are connected with respective transmitting and receiving modules; and distance control modules between the carts, distance control modules between the trolleys, two-cart/trolley height deviation coordination modules and synchronic distance confirmation modules are respectively arranged in the PLC controllers of the two electromagnetic lifters.


With the rapid development of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, the use of the internet of things and advanced information technology to achieve the optimal dispatch of large-scale plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) has become an important focus of scientific research and engineering practice worldwide. In order to achieve a balance between mass distributed energy resources and the secure and economic operation of the power grid, the authors propose an optimal market bidding strategy for a virtual power plant considering the feasible region of V2G. A detailed battery model considering the V2G mode of PEVs is established. A two-stage stochastic optimisation model for the virtual power plant considering massive volumes of PEVs is built, taking into account the day-ahead market revenue and the costs brought about by real-time market deviations. Three bidding strategies—PEVs charging immediately after arrival, without V2G, and considering V2G—are compared using case studies to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Through the complete interaction between PEVs and the virtual power plant, this V2G-based strategy can coordinate distributed energy resources, pro-mote the accommodation of renewable energy, and significantly improve the economy of the virtual power plant operation.


During designing the high-resolution camera driver on Windows CE OS, it is a critical issue for the resource limited embedded environment that how to improve the data transfer rate, and make full use of the limited memory resources of Windows CE. This paper realized the 4 million CMOS camera driver on the PXA270 development platform by using Quick Capture Technology, with the data transmission of DMA Descriptor Chain and double-RAM strategy, and provided a functional verification and performance analysis. The results shows good stability and performance, and the results of text recognition show that the accuracy at least 17.5 percent enhancement compared to the image captured by the low-pixel camera.


Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) has been widely used by several popular streaming services, such as YouTube, Netflix, and Facebook. Adopting DASH requires to pre-determine a set of encoding configurations, called encoding ladder, to generate a set of representations stored on the streaming server. These representations are adaptively requested by clients according to their network conditions during streaming sessions. In this article, we aim to solve the optimal laddering problem that determines the optimal encoding ladder to maximize the client viewing quality. In particular, we consider video models, viewing probability, and client distribution to formulate the mathematical problem. We use a divide-and-conquer approach to decompose the problem into two subproblems: (i) per-class optimization for clients with different bandwidths and (ii) global optimization to maximize the overall viewing quality under the storage limit of the streaming server. We propose two algorithms for each of the per-class optimization and global optimization problems. Analytical analysis and real experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithms, compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms. Based on the results, we recommend a combination of the proposed algorithms to solve the optimal laddering problem. The evaluation results show the merits of our recommended algorithms, which: (i) outperform the state-of-the-art algorithms by up to 52.17 and 26.35 in Viewport Video Multi-Method Assessment Fusion (V-VMAF) in per-class optimization, (ii) outperform the state-of-the-art algorithms by up to 43.14 in V-VMAF for optimal laddering in global optimization, (iii) achieve good scalability under different storage limits and number of bandwidth classes, and (iv) run faster than the state-of-the-art algorithms.


Until recently, electrical and electronics applications have been focusing on Linear Circuit Elements. However, recent   works of scientists have brought the property of nonlinearity to the forefront, proving that it can hold promising applications especially in the field of Chaotic Circuits. Engineering application of nonlinearity is only in inception stage and its time to recognize the material properties with a new perspective. This brief communication reports an experimental study on Electrical properties of NonLinear Electrolytic Device (NLED) made from Acetic acid which is a weak electrolyte. The above mentioned device exhibits nonlinearity combined with hysteresis in small signal region of Voltage‐Current characteristic The NLED manifests variable reactance under condition of high concentration and very low frequency at room temperature. An electrical circuit is plugged using a variable DC power supply, voltmeter and ammeter and the NLED under test. Voltage is varied in steps and corresponding current is recorded. The V‐I relation is estimated using Curve fit Toolbox of MATLAB6p5.


The paper deals with investigation of the processes of laser radiation transformation by biological crystals networks using the singular optics techniques. The results obtained showed a distinct correlation between the points of "characteristic" values of coordinate distributions of Mueller matrix (𝑀ik=0,±1) elements and polarization singularities (L- and C-points) of laser transformation of biological crystals networks with the following possibility of Mueller-matrix selection of polarization singularity. The technique of Mueller-matrix diagnostics of pathological changes of skin derma is proposed.


As part of the effort to understand implicit bias of gradient descent in overparametrized models, several results have shown how the training trajectory on the overparametrized model can be understood as mirror descent on a different objective. The main result here is a characterization of this phenomenon under a notion termed commuting parametrization, which encompasses all the previous results in this setting. It is shown that gradient flow with any commuting parametrization is equivalent to continuous mirror descent with a related Legendre function. Conversely, continuous mirror descent with any Legendre function can be viewed as gradient flow with a related commuting parametrization. The latter result relies upon Nash's embedding theorem.


Two Np-237 samples and one Pu-239 were irradiated in spallation neutrons produced in ADS setup QUINTA. The accelerated beam consisted of protons of energy 660 MeV. The method was based on gamma-ray spectrometry measurement. During analysis of the spectra several fission products and one actinide were identified. Fission product activities gave the number of fissions. The actinide (Np-238), a result of neutron capture by Np-237 gave the number of captures. In a similar manner the number of fissions in Pu-239 was determined. The Pu-240, a product of neutron capture by Pu-239, activity was impossible to measure.


...................................................................................................................... ii LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................ vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................... ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .............................................................................................. xv CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION .................................................................................. 1 1.1 Chronic kidney disease......................................................................................... 2 1.2 Glomerular structure and function ....................................................................... 4 1.3 Podocyte structure and function ........................................................................... 6 1.4 Prostanoid signaling in the podocyte ................................................................. 11 1.6 p38 mitogen activated protein kinase ................................................................. 18 1.7 The Renin angiotensin system............................................................................ 19 1.8 Rationale............................................................................................................. 24 1.9 Objectives ........................................................................................................... 25 1.10 Hypothesis .......................................................................................................... 26 1.10 Relevance ........................................................................................................... 27 1.11 Thesis content ..................................................................................................... 28 CHAPTER 2 – MATERIALS AND METHODS ......................................................... 29 2.1 Podocyte cell culture .......................................................................................... 30 Conditionally immortalized cell lines ........................................................................ 30 Primary podocyte cultures ......................................................................................... 31 2.2 Adenoviral constructs and infection of cultured podocytes ............................... 32 EP4 receptor adenovirus ........................................................................................... 32 AT1 receptor adenovirus ........................................................................................... 34 2.3 cAMP assay ........................................................................................................ 35


Carbon, nitrogen and oxygen abundances were derived from high-resolution spectra of 6 cool supergiants of the Small Magellanic Cloud. Oxygen-to-iron ratios (mean value [O/Fe] ≈–0.18 dex) are found to be similar to those found in young objects in the LMC and the Galaxy. This result is discussed in terms of chemical evolution. A mean deficiency of the carbon-to-iron ratio of [C/Fe] ≈–0.3 dex and a nitrogen-to-iron ratio [N/Fe] ≈+0.22 dexmight imply amixing signature,which is confirmed by the low 12C/13C ratio measured in three stars. In terms of chemical evolution, carbon plus nitrogen abundances have to be considered: in our sample, a mean value of [(C + N)/Fe] ≈ –0.15 dex indicates a slight deficiency in carbon plus nitrogen with respect to the Sun, similar to the deficiencies found in Galactic supergiants and Orion. Lithium has been detected in all the program stars, reaching (Li)=0.6 dex for two stars.


Inspired by Stephen King's spooky tales, children's junior fiction author Adele Broadbent first wrote horror stories while attending College. After leaving school, she was caught up in the corporate world and was too busy to write for a while. She worked as a finance clerk for a range of companies including an accountant, butcher, and builder. After working at Whitcoulls Head Office her dream of being published one day resurfaced. She moved to Sydney and worked with publisher Harper and Row. People might not recall that name. However, Harper joined Collins and became HarperCollins, which coincidently later became Adele's first trade book publisher. Adele had moved back to New Zealand by then and had started a family.


Because the natural mechanical strength of materials is highly dependent on the crystal structure, four different silicate-derived ceramics—diopside, akermanite, monticellite, and merwinite—have be...


This paper examines the links between fiscal policy and terms-of-trade movement in the case of Indonesia over the period 2001-13. Unlike other researchers, this paper explores both the rules-based and discretionary fiscal policies. The earlier factor covers deficit rule and debt rule which are intended to measure the fiscal policy credibility. The later follows Fatas and Mihov (2003; 2006). The OLS estimation of quarterly data reveals that the less credible deficit rule policy and discretionary fiscal policy have a positive impact on the terms of trade. In contrast, the more credible debt rule policy and government size tend to depreciate the terms of trade. Those findings suggest that fiscal policy credibility does not matter in the context of international market. Furthermore, to mitigate the external risks, the government intervention to the international market debt should be limited.


Introduction VITAMIN D is a seco-steroid in which the B-ring of the cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene structure is cleaved. The vitamin is either obtained from the diet or is synthesized in the skin from 7-dehydrocholesterol (Fig. 1) and is itself biologically inert (for reviews see Refs. 1–8). Vitamin D and its metabolites circulate in the blood primarily bound to and in equilibrium association with the vitamin D-binding globulin [DBP]. In the liver, the enzyme 25-hydroxylase converts the vitamin to the inactive hormonal precursor 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Subsequently, the renal lα-hydroxylase enzyme converts 25(OH)D to the biologically active form 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]. Both hydroxylase enzymes are cytochrome P450-containing enzymes. la-Hydroxylase activity is tightly controlled by a number of ionic and endocrine factors including stimulation by PTH and reduced plasma Ca2+ or inhibition by 1,25(OH)2D in a classic negative feedback loop. Although not illustrated in Fig. 1, under condi...


Objective Children diagnosed with idiopathic, isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) are frequently observed to no longer be GH deficient at a later stage of growth as a result of "GHD reversal". Reevaluation of GH status by stimulation test is currently incorporated into management guidelines at attainment of final height (FH). Over the past three decades, numerous studies have evaluated reversal rates using different methodologies including crucial parameters like GHD etiology, GH cut-off and retesting time point, with heterogeneous results. We aimed to systematically analyze the reversibility of childhood-onset IGHD dependent on retesting GH cut-offs and retesting time points. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, TRIP database and NHS Evidence were searched for publications investigating reversibility of IGHD from database initiation to 30 June 2020 following PRISMA recommendations. Study cohorts were pooled according to retesting GH cut-off and time point. Reversal rates were calculated using random-effects models. Results Of 29 studies initially identified, 25 provided sufficient detail for IGHD-analysis, resulting in 2030 IGHD patient data. Reversal rates decreased significantly as the retesting GH cut-off increased (p = 0•0013). Pooled (95% CI) reversal rates were 80% (59-92%, n = 227), 73% (62-81%, n = 516) and 55% (41-68%, n = 1287) for cohorts using retesting GH cut-offs of 3-4 ng/ml, 5-6 ng/ml and 7•7-10 ng/ml, respectively. Individuals retested at FH (n = 674) showed a pooled reversal rate of 74% (64-82%) compared to 48% (25-71%) when retested before FH (n = 653). Conclusion Provided evidence supports reevaluation of current IGHD management guidelines. The high reversal rates should instigate consideration of early retesting.


ABSTRACT Background: Drug use is a chronic and recurrent disease, and many individuals return to using drugs a short time after rehabilitation treatment. This study investigated factors involved in increasing the number of times individuals with drug addiction problems relapse. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, 700 individuals referred to seven drug rehabilitation centers in Birjand City, Iran were selected based on the date of referral to the center. Checklists and interviews with the patients were used to gather the required information; data were analyzed using Poisson model distributions. Results: Age increases the odds of a higher number of relapses to drug addictions by 1.02 times per year of age (p < .001). Compared to those who smoke cigarettes, the odds of stopping drug use for those with no history of smoking cigarettes decreases by 0.13 with every year of age. Additionally, for every year of delay in age of initiating smoking, the number of drug addiction relapses decreases 0.96 times (p < .001). Modern drugs increase the odds of relapse compared to traditional drugs (p < .05). Individuals with university education undergo a higher number of drug rehabilitations compared to those with only an elementary school education. For every year of age delay in starting the use of drugs, the number of relapses decreases significantly by 0.97 times (p < .001). Conclusion: This study revealed that the current age and the age when first starting drug use, education level, type of substance used, and previous history of smoking cigarettes significantly influence the number of relapses of drug addiction.


Consider a smooth connected algebraic group $G$ acting on a normal projective variety $X$ with an open dense orbit. We show that Aut($X$) is a linear algebraic group if so is $G$; for an arbitrary $G$, the group of components of Aut($X$) is arithmetic. Along the way, we obtain a restrictive condition for $G$ to be the full automorphism group of some normal projective variety.


testosterone proprionate which was sealed in silastic membrane (—45 mg/ implant). Control animals received either i.v. MNU only (15 animals), s.c. testosterone only (15 animals), or no treatment (15 animals). The animals were maintained at ND and five experimental animals were shipped at monthly intervals to UI. Examination. CompleteautopsieswereperformedatUI thedayafterthey were received. Careful effort was made to dissect out each of the lobes of the prostatic complex individually. Additional tissue was taken from normal tis sues and if there appeared to be gross evidence of disease. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of the entire prostatic complex were prepared and examined histologically with routine, 5-,.&mhematoxylin and eosin sections. Portions of tissue samples were also snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored in a —70°Cfreezer. originofthesetumors hascomeunder question.Weindependentlystudied this model for the development of tumors in the prostate region. The tumors, all of which were adenocarcinomas, first became grossly monthsafter


Summary Dicyphus agilis Uhler (Hemiptera: Miridae) is reported for the first time in Colombia as a predator of aphids. This study describes the external morphology and genitalia of the most prominent structures of males and females of D. agilis, which are necessary to differentiate this species from others with phytophagous habits in Colombia.


Eight different patch configurations were investigated to analyze the effect of patch characterization/formation in streamflow simulation, using the Regional Hydro-Ecologic Simulation Systems (RHESSys) model. It is investigated for eight different patch configurations of a subcatchment of the Turkey Lakes Watershed, Ontario. The model's hydrological parameters are calibrated for each of these patch configurations and the performance of the simulations is evaluated. Results indicate that both the nature of the flow simulation and the calibrated parameter values are sensitive to patch configuration. The best simulation results were obtained for the patch configuration with the highest spatial variation of climate, stream network and hillslope conditions across the subcatchment. Different patch configurations also lead to markedly different calibrations of the model's hydrological parameters (54.26 < k < 119.13; and 1.02 < m < 2.28), which has implications for the physical interpretation and transferability of the calibrated parameter values.


This is a study conducted to test the effectiveness of Azadirachta indica (Neem), Clinacanthus nutans (Sabah Snake Grass) water extracts and neem decoction against natural gastrointestinal helminths in 4 groups of goats for a period of 4 weeks. This study was done on 24 experimental goats which were randomly chosen from a private farm at Gopeng, Perak. They were divided into four groups; control (n=6) and three treatment groups (n=6). Faecal egg counts and faecal culture to identify the L3 larvae were done and recorded weekly from January until February 2015. Blood parameters such as FAMACHA and PCV were observed and recorded twice at the beginning and end of the study. The FEC results indicated that none of the three treatments were significantly different to control group (P > 0.05).


Huge amount of geological hazards were triggered by Wenchuan earthquake,the obvious hazards texture can be identified on airphoto.The airphoto used in this paper was ortho-corrected in the method of mathematical morphology and processed based on multi-directional structuring elements.The method of mono-band multi-directional structuring elements edge enhancement algorithm combined with multi-band weighted color synthesizing algorithm was designed to auto-extract hazard information from high spatial resolution airphoto.This method not only embodies the luminance mutation,tone mutation and the multi-direction of the edge of the hazards,but also reflects the band character of remote sensing,it separates the messed information.The weighted synthesizing is based on the relation between each band and the hazard,it takes advantage of the remote sensing information thoroughly.The result showes that it is a kind of algorithm that costs less computation,and can identify the hazards.


This study first contrasts the constitutional features of the April 2004 UN Plan for a Cyprus settlement with earlier UN proposals. Analysis of the Plan shows how it bypasses the two existing states in the formation of a federation, and how the constitution is influenced by the adoption of some features from the Belgian and Swiss constitutions. The constitutional settlement is seen to favor the Greek Cypriots, despite their overwhelming rejection of the Plan as a whole. Though now difficult to revive, the Plan is still considered to be "on the table" by the international community. The EU is meanwhile considering ways to relieve the isolation of the North.


We present results from the Chandra X-ray observation of Abell 13, a galaxy cluster that contains an unusual noncentral radio source, also known as a radio relic. This is the first pointed X-ray observation of Abell 13, providing a more sensitive study of the properties of the X-ray gas. The X-ray emission from Abell 13 is extended to the northwest of the X-ray peak and shows substructure indicative of a recent merger event. The cluster X-ray emission is centered on the bright galaxy H of Slee et al. We find no evidence for a cooling flow in the cluster. A knot of excess X-ray emission is coincident with the other bright elliptical galaxy F. This knot of emission has properties similar to the enhanced emission associated with the large galaxies in the Coma Cluster. With these Chandra data we are able to compare the properties of the hot X-ray gas with those of the radio relic from VLA data, to study the interaction of the X-ray gas with the radio-emitting electrons. Our results suggest that the radio relic is associated with cooler gas in the cluster. We suggest two explanations for the coincidence of the cooler gas and radio source. First, the gas may have been uplifted by the radio relic from the cluster core. Alternatively, the relic and cool gas may have been displaced from the central galaxy during the cluster merger event.


The utility model relates to an instrument for conducting vacuum blood collecting outside the human body in clinical care, in particular to an anti-reflux needle-cylinder type vacuum blood collector. The anti-reflux needle-cylinder type vacuum blood collector comprises a blood vessel puncture needle tube, a puncture needle base, a blood collecting needle tube, a blood collecting needle base and a cylindrical needle cylinder. A puncture needle base core cavity is communicated with a blood collecting needle base core cavity to serve as a blood collecting channel, and a vacuum blood collecting tube can be inserted in a cylindrical cavity in the back of the needle cylinder. The anti-reflux needle-cylinder type vacuum blood collector is characterized in that an anti-reflux valve for preventing blood from reversely overflowing is arranged on a blood channel of the puncture needle base or a blood channel of the blood collecting needle base. Compared with the prior art, the anti-reflux needle-cylinder type vacuum blood collector has the advantages of being capable of preventing blood reflux and large in operation force, bringing convenience to force exertion and being stable and firm in operation, reasonable in structure and good in assembly process.


In 2020, the Chinese stock market has undergone severe turmoil as the COVID-19 swept the world. On this basis, the traditional CAPM model might be unable to explain some of the phenomena in the capital market and there are few empirical studies have focused on exploring relationships between the epidemic and validity of CAPM model. With this in mind, this study aims to investigates the degree to which the COVID-19 impacted on the validity of the CAPM model in different industries. Specifically, this paper selects the monthly closing price data of stocks of 15 listed companies in cyclical and defensive industry in Chinese stock market from January 2018 to December 2021. Based on the least square method and big data techniques, we analyze sample data and construct a regression equation between market return and the daily return of individual stocks or portfolios. According to the analysis, the effectiveness of the CAPM model for enterprises in different industries varies greatly, and the combination of investment can effectively resist risks. These results shed light on quantitative assets pricing model implementation for special issues similar to COVID-19.


The article reports on two lectures given at the Workshop. In the case of solutions of the KPI equation, non vanishing along a nite number of directions at large distances, a reformulation of the inverse scattering method in terms of a sort of complex extension of the resolvent of the related Lax operator is presented. Jost solutions for the continuum and discrete spectrum are constructed. The analytic properties and a bilinear representation of the resolvent are given. The study of scattering data and of their characterization properties is postponed to a following paper. The reader interested in more details on the resolvent approach proposed in this paper can consult ref. 1 { 7 and for previous works on the scattering transform for the KPI equation ref. 8 { 12. 1 The Image Space Let a be a (matrix) diierential operator given as a nite sum a = P n a n (x) @ n x where the coeecient a n (x) are (matrix) distributions in the Schwartz space S d of d variables x = (x 1 x d. The set of these mathematical objects becomes a ring assuming the formal rules of diierentiation. To the (matrix) diierential operator a we associate the (matrix) distribution A(p; q) by the following rule A(p; q) = X n A n (p)(?iq) n ; A n (p) = 1 (2) d Z dx e ipx a n (x) (1.1) where px = P d j=1 p j x j and q 2 C d. We call the distribution A(p; q) the image of the diierential operator a. The fact that q is complex shall play a relevant role in the following. Since below we have frequently to consider mathematical objects which depend both on complex and real variables, we stress this fact a Work supported in part by INTAS under contract n. 93{0166


ABSTRACT Scholarship on travel writing tends to focus on accounts by writers who spent time in the places they depict. But neither Romantic-era nor twenty-first-century cognitive theory gives such a limited notion of travel. Lalla Rookh (1817), a hybrid poetic text by Irish writer Thomas Moore, presents the idea that reading is a form of travel that provides access to distant places. Moore had never been to the lands – India, Egypt, Persia – about which he wrote, but rather constructed his text through meticulous research. In both Lalla Rookh's text and paratext Moore makes the Orientalist argument that his research gave him the same experience of the East as one who had seen it first-hand. Through readings of Lalla Rookh and Germaine de Staël's Corinne, or Italy, this essay argues that "travel" studies might benefit from the more capacious notion of "transport" as a disciplinary and conceptual category.


The fundamental materials advantages of III-V compound semiconductors are described. InP-based HBTs are shown to be a promising technology for high performance applications where the speed-breakdown product must substantially exceed that available from Si/SiGe. The primary challenges for InP are scaling down the device size, while simultaneously scaling up the number of transistors per chip. The results of such scaling efforts are expected to enable ICs requiring tens of thousands of transistors with clock frequencies approaching 250 GHz with useful breakdown voltages.


The history of ringwoodite started in 1869 in a remote locality in the south-west of Queensland in Australia. Mr. Michael Hammond witnessed a meteorite shower close to the junction between Cooper and Kyabra Creeks (Lat. 25° 30󸀠 S., Long. 142° 40󸀠 E.), not far from Windorah (Queensland, Australia) and about 1000 km west of Brisbane. The meteorite fall was very impressive and in due course 102 stones were recovered. Mr. Hammond was the owner of the Tenham Station and from this the meteorite collection was named as "Tenham meteorites". This collection was then offered in 1935 to the British Museum by Mr. Benjamin Dunstan, formerly Government Geologist of Queensland [1]. But why does this nice story match with ringwoodite? In 1969, exactly 100 years after Mr. Hammond observed the Tenham meteorite fall, R. A. Binns, R. J. Davies and S. J. B. Reed published in Nature [2] the first natural evidence of ringwoodite after studying a fragment of the Tenhammeteorite. Thirty years later Chen et al. [3] reported clear images of some lamellae of about 1–2 μ in thickness showing a higher density than olivine butwith identical composition (Fig. 5.1,modified fromChen et al. [3]). The


This article uses historical analysis of shame (primarily in American history) to argue for a more active connection between emotions history and the other disciplines that deal with emotion. It assesses the current state of historical work on shame, including the argument for a 19th-century decline; it juxtaposes current social psychological and anthropological work with this argument. Additional data allow more precise consideration of changing patterns of shame, reasons for change, and probable impacts including increasing complexity in individual and social reactions alike. Evaluation includes the unexpected increase in shame discussions in recent decades; the possibility that shame and "modernity" are ultimately incompatible; and some larger problems attached to the decline of shame.


InhisACL2021paper[1], SakaicomparedseveralevaluationmeasuresinthecontextofOrdinalQuantification(OQ)tasksin terms of system ranking similarity, system ranking consistency (i.e., robustness to the choice of test data), and discriminative power (i.e., ability to find many statistically significant differences). Based on his experimental results, he recommended the use of his RNOD (Root Normalised Order-aware Divergence) measure along with NMD (Normalised Match Distance, i.e., normalised Earth Mover's Distance). The present study follows up on his discriminative power experiments, by taking a much closer look at the statistical significance test results obtained from each evaluation measure. Our new analyses show that (1) RNOD is the overall winner among the OQ measures in terms of pooled discriminative power (i.e., discriminative power across multiple data sets); (2) NMD behaves noticeably differently from RNOD and from measures that cannot handle ordinal classes; (3) NMD tends to favour a popularity-based baseline (which accesses the gold distributions) over a uniform-distribution baseline, thus contradicting the other measures in terms of statistical significance. As both RNOD and NMD have their merits, we recommend the organisers of OQ tasks to use both of them to evaluate the systems from multiple angles.


The Kaluza type interactions including Einstein's gravitation, Abelian and non-Abelian gauge fields, and their unification can be induced by the quantum effects ofsome kinds of fundamental fields in the background metric on the principal fibrebundle. Therefore, the Kaluza type interactions can be regarded as some kinds ofeffective interactions rather than fundamental ones.


Metabolomics as one branch of systems biology has been widely applied to various fields of research. This article primarily outlined the metabonomic technology and the application of metabonlmic technology in tea science,including the growth of tea plant,the identification of tea cultivars and geographic origin,on-line detection in tea processing,discriminant analysis of tea,grade and quality evaluation,age and production season prediction,biochemical components determination and so on. Finally,this article puts forward the possibility and necessity of studying functional genomics with metabolomic approach.


This study employs finite element simulation to conduct a numerical modeling of ceramic‐composite structure armors. The numerical armor models consist of a ceramic plate and a composite backing plate. Al2O₃ and SiC ceramic materials with two different cell structures were used: hexagonal and square cell structures, respectively. A Kevlar composite was used as the back plate. The ceramic plate's thickness was altered among 7 mm, 8 mm, and 9 mm to explore its influence on the ballistic performance of the armors. The damage fracture was compared with experimental results, and the ballistic resistance was further examined by determining the projectiles' velocities at the conclusion of the simulation and the evolution of the average velocity during the impact period. The findings of the numerical modeling revealed that the ceramics sustained damage consistent with the experimental damage. However, since perforation was observed in every sample, the overall performance of the samples was deemed unsatisfactory.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Objective:To observe the clinical effect of intracoronary injections of tirofiban in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) that had no reflow phenomenon during percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Method:From January 2005 to September 2009,45 patients with AMI who had no reflow phenomenon during PCI were enrolled for intracoronary injections of tirofiban treatment as study groups,49 patients with AMI during the same time who had no reflow phenomenon during PCI were enrolled for intracoronary injections of verapamil treatment as control.Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI) flow grade,corrected TIMI frame count(cTFC) and TIMI myocardial perfusion grade(TMPG) were assessed from the first contrastographic picture after drug administration and the last contrastographic picture at the end of PCI.Result:Compared with control group,Tirofiban treated group showed significantly higher TIMI3 flow degree in the first contrastographic picture after administeration(63.0% vs 40.8%,P0.05) and in the last contrastographic picture of after PCI(78.3% vs 49.0%,P0.01).cTFC was significantly decresased in tirofiban treated group in the first contrastographic picture after administration(38.6±7.1 vs 49.3±9.3,P0.01) and in the last contrastographic picture post PCI(28.5±6.4 vs 40.4±8.7,P0.01) as compared to control group.TMPG 3 was found to have higher rate in the tirofiban treated group in the first contrastographic picture after administration(54.3% vs 32.7%,P0.05) and in the last contrastographic picture post PCI(71.7% vs 46.9%,P0.05).Conclusion:Intracoronary injections of tirofiban to AMI patients with no reflow phenomenon during PCI could improve acoronary arterial blood flow and myocardial tissue perfusion.These results indicate that tirofiban is an effective treatment to AMI patients with no reflow phenomenon during PCI.


1. In the South African transformation process there was at the beginning, in the 'honeymoon phase' (1994-6), a strong emphasis on the rights of the accused person. This was the natural (?) response to many years of state abuses of the accused person during apartheid. The pendulum had swung to the most liberal side of the HRs arc. But while the breakdown of the old form of social control began, its substitute did not become noticeable in the short term and crime rose dramatically while state's attention was focussed inwardly on policy formulation (for three years) and then transformation of state institutions for another 5 or more years. In 2001, seven years after democratisation, the capacity of the criminal justice system is still limited: crime is still unacceptably high, the police are still weak and inefficient. Conviction rates are dropping mainly due to a mass exodus of experienced prosecutors (caused by short-sighted human resources policies), prisons still have a recidivism rate of between 87 and 92%. This is despite considerable foreign aid and many innovative pilot projects and considerable investment in a state-sponsored human rights and accountability infrastructure. The high-profile, specialist units such as the newly created (1998) National Directorate of Public Prosecutions recruited a strong contingent of civilians as opposed to existing police personnel to strengthen capacity and integrity. It also introduced the tradition of prosecutor-led investigations in high profile cases.


Mucocele of the accessory nasal sinuses has been regarded with interest for many years. Though it has long been considered a rarity, the gradually increasing number of reports in the literature demonstrates that it is more common than is generally supposed. It seems important, therefore, that its nature and clinical manifestations should be thoroughly understood if mistakes in diagnosis and treatment are to be avoided. By the term mucocele is understood the accumulation and retention within a sinus of a mucoid secretion owing to continuous or periodic closure of its ostium and resulting in gradual thinning, distention or actual erosion of one or more of its walls. The frontal and anterior ethmoid cells are most commonly affected. Mucocele of the sphenoidal sinus is extremely rare; in fact its occurrence is disputed by many. Cases, however, have been reported by such careful observers as Hajek1and Gerber. While mucocele


Hazardous residues from ferronickel production are vitrified. The optimum thermal regime for the conversion of the resulting glass into glass-ceramics is estimated by rapid alternative methods: the nucleation step is valued by DTA, and the crystallization step by density measurements. The results show that a short and inexpensive thermal treatment can be used. The evolution of phase formation is highlighted by XRD, SEM–EDS, FESEM and TEM. Due to the presence of 1.5 wt % chromium oxides and high amounts of iron and magnesium oxides, the crystallization process is peculiar. It starts during the melt's cooling with the precipitation of preliminary Fe-Mg-Cr spinel crystals, which then act as centers for growth of pyroxenes. Simultaneously, due to liquid–liquid immiscibility, the main amorphous phase forms a nonhomogeneous binodal structure, which becomes finer after the nucleation treatment. Subsequently, thus formed iron-rich drops are transformed into tiny secondary magnetite spinel, acting as nuclei for the main crystallization process. As a result, new pyroxenes with sizes of about 200 nm are formed and the total crystallinity reaches about 60%. Regardless of the large amounts of problematic wastes in the batch, the resulting glass shows good chemical durability, while the glass-ceramic is characterized by optimal mechanical characteristics.


The invention relates to a method for synthesizing 3, 4-diaryl thiophene, in particular to a method for synthesizing the 3, 4-diaryl thiophene and analogs thereof by using 3, 4- diaryl-2, 5-dihydrothiopheno as raw material through an oxydehydrogenation reaction. The method comprises the following steps that: CuBr2 is added into ethyl acetate, heated till refluence, rapidly dripped and dissolved in the 3,4-diaryl-2,5-dihydrothiopheno of chloroform, continuously stirred under the refluence state and reacts for 2 to 6 hours and is filtered while the solution is hot. A solvent is reclaimed and is recrystallized by petroleum ether or ethanol to produce a 3, 4-diaryl thiophene compound. The method can not only overcome the disadvantages that the prior art has long reaction time, violent reaction, serious pollution, poor selectivity to different substitutional groups, but also reduce cost for synthesis. A product produced by the method has a yield over 80 percent; and subsidiary products are less, thereby greatly reducing the pollution of a chemical agent to environment.


This paper analyzes on the factors influencing the professional judgment of the accountants,reveals the importance of the professional judgment of the accountants in the accounting work,and advances some relevant measures for avoiding the failures of the professional judgment of the accountants.


The NASA Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) product is one of the few gridded precipitation products available at a sub-hourly temporal scale. This high temporal resolution is required in many hydrological applications, including the estimation of the rainfall-runoff erosivity factor R, used in the USLE and RUSLE soil erosion prediction models. In this study, through a comparison with data measured at two rain gauges in central Italy, the limits and potential of the GPM-IMERG product on O.t-degree resolution in providing estimates of the R-factor are highlighted. Results indicate that the product can provide accurate estimates in areas relatively homogeneous from an orographic and climatic point of view. On the other hand, it fails to identify the gradients of both precipitation and erosivity that characterize more complex areas, such as those close to the mountain ranges.


as too one-sided, but this is the fun of dealing with a field of science that is rapidly developing and where many questions still are controversial. In any case, Gregory adds a large bibliography where the reader may find the original papers, which he can study and thereby reach his own conclus;ons. Professor Gregory in this valuable account of a difficult subject has shown with great skill that the study of the eye (which is truly an extension of the brain) may one day help to explain ourselves.


Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are being increasingly used. However, unlike warfarin, less is known regarding their long‐term side effects. To better evaluate the rates of DOAC‐related adverse events (AEs) on a population level, we examined AEs reported to the FDA for three commonly used DOACs and warfarin.


In a digital signal encoding apparatus an input digital signal has its frequency range divided (13) into a number of frequency bands so that the bandwidths will be broader towards the frequency bands of higher frequencies, a first allowable noise level (14 to 18) based on the energies on the band-by-band basis, and a second allowable noise level (51 to 55) based on the energies of the signals temporally adjacent to the signals of the frequency band under consideration, are set, and signal components of each frequency band are quantized with the number of bits corresponding to the level of the difference between an output synthesized from the first and the second noise levels and the energy of each frequency band.


The appliance of laser diffraction particle analysis and energy spectrum analysis(EDS) and X ray diffraction method were adopted in this paper,in which the different sizes of recycling aluminum dross were compared and analyzed.And the difference between the phases and particle size distribution were compared,and how to improve the aluminum dross accumulation was discussed.The results show that the Na 3 AlF 6 salt can help improve the aggregation of the aluminum dross particles,and MgO cannot help the aluminum dross accumulation,so it's better not to use it or less use it.


Death is nowhere defined in the law. Death may have considerable legal significance. Though usually it is the fact of death that is the impor tan t thing, not the actual t ime or manne r of death. M a n y obligations, especially those of a personal kind, terminate at death. Marriage is te rminated by death. Rights of succession to proper ty and title arise on death. The re are prac tical problems such as the duty to report death and the right to lawful possession of the body and the duty to bury the body. T h e medical pro fession are concerned with certification of death. T h e medical profession are concerned t o know when a ventilator may lawfully be turned off; and when a body may legally be used as a donor for t ransplant purposes. T h e cause of death may be of vital impor tance , e.g. if an accused caused the death it is murder , if the doctor caused the death it is an accident.


Observations of 37 individual blue whales were recorded off the southern coast of Sri Lanka during the southwest monsoon season. Sightings were made during a scientific geophysical survey campaign conducted in July and August 2017. Whilst blue whales are regularly recorded on the continental slope of southern Sri Lanka during the northeast monsoon season (NEM) (December–March) and during the two inter-monsoonal periods (March–April and September–October), limited data are available for the SWM (May–September) mostly due to unfavourable weather conditions and a lack of survey effort. In the Northern Hemisphere, blue whales generally undertake seasonal migrations from higher latitude feeding grounds to lower latitude breeding and wintering areas. However, it has been suggested that a population of blue whales in the northern Indian Ocean (NIO) remains in lower latitudes year-round, taking advantage of the rich upwelling areas off Somalia, southwest Arabia and western Sri Lanka. Data from this study support a hypothesis that a certain number of individuals remain off the southern coast of Sri Lanka during the SWM, suggesting that the productivity in this region is sufficient to support their year-round presence. This study fills a knowledge gap on the presence and movement of blue whales in the NIO, highlighting the importance of data that can be obtained from platforms of opportunity.


When "The Maker Movement" started, it made a great impact and influence on many aspects of society. The Maker Movement has transformed industries as well as people's way of life and thinking. For this reason, many people decided to create something by turning their ideas to tangible products. Media has become a bridge that connects people to each other and to reality. It is also a tool which controls relationships. "Efficiency" has been replaced by creativity based on the economic market model, and creativity links up with capitalism.

The aim of this article is to establish a "creative production-manufacturing" process based on "The Maker Movement" context along with the relationship between "media-as-tools" and "creative production-manufacturing". The article also discusses how the media impact the "creative production-manufacturing" process as tools. Lastly, it presents the possibilities of interaction between a "creative production-manufacturing" model and design education.


Affected by directional wind, where the annular sector pollution has been attached on the insulator surface windward side, the pollution flashover voltage decreases significantly compared to the uniform pollution. In this study, the further research of the DC flashover performance of iced insulators with the annular sector pollution is presented, based on Xuefeng mountain natural ice test station. Then the influence of non-uniform pollution on the DC flashover performance under natural icing tests was investigated. Results show that: the ratio WL of windward to leeward side salt deposit density (SDD) will significantly affects the flashover voltage of iced insulators; the U50 is less sensitive to the ratio SWL of leeward surface area to total surface area; Under various WL, the DC flashover voltage of iced insulators is still reduced by the power function with the negative index as SDD increases; Due to annular sector non-uniform pollution, the ice layer residual resistance decreases, which promotes the partial arc propagation and the iced flashover process, and finally reduces the DC icing flashover voltage. The research results could contribute to providing useful reference for the external insulation design of overhead transmission lines with pollution and heavy icing area.


Stationary measurement updates offer the possibility of containing errors in velocity, biases and attitude even during periods of GPS unavailability, given the information that the rover is not moving. Automated detection of appropriate instances of stationarity is possible, given a recently proposed frequency domain method based on IMU data. In this paper we focus on analytical and numerical evaluation of observability of error states of an INS aided with stationary updates. The null space of the continuous time observability gramian is evaluated for various motion scenarios typically occurring in a land vehicle.