Objectives: Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) have been used for the prevention and treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) in post-hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. In this study, we compared the biological characteristics and immunosuppressive activity of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) and hBMSCs to provide experimental evidence for the potential use of hAMSCs for treating aGVHD, thus solving the problem of insufficient hBMSCs sources. Methods: HAMSCs were isolated by enzymatic digestion. hBMSCs were isolated using Ficoll-Hypaque density gradients. The biological characteristics of both stem cell types were compared by morphological analysis, analysis of cell growth, cell cycle profiling, immunophenotyping, and immunofluorescence assays. An in vitro co-culture of MSCs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was performed and lymphocyte proliferation measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) assay. IFN-γ production was determined in the co-culture supernatant using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Both hAMSCs and hBMSCs had fibroblast-like morphology. hAMSCs could be maintained for at least 15 culture passages, but hBMSCs started to show signs of aging and remarkably reduced proliferation at 6-7 passages. There was no significant difference in the proportion of cells in G2/M phase between hAMSCs and hBMSCs (P>0.05). Immunophenotyping revealed positive expression of CD105, CD90, and CD73 and negative expression of CD34, CD45, CD11b, CD19, and HLA-DR on the surface of both hAMSCs and hBMSCs. hAMSCs were positive for Oct-3/4, but hBMSCs were not. Both hAMSCs and hBMSCs expressed vimentin. PHA-stimulated PBMCs proliferation was inhibited by hAMSCs and hBMSCs. This inhibition was stronger, as the proportion of MSCs increased. There were not significant differences between the inhibitory effects of the two MSCs types on PBMCs proliferation (P>0.05). Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production was lower when PBMCs were co-cultured with either hAMSCs or hBMSCs than when they were cultured alone (P 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that hAMSCs have higher proliferation activity and clearer stem cell properties than hBMSCs. Both hAMSCs and hBMSCs were able to suppress the proliferation of allogeneic peripheral blood lymphocytes and reduce IFN-γ secretion stimulated by PHA in vitro.


At their recent ideaShare event, McKesson highlighted its Sponsored Clinical Services Network for hundreds of independent retail pharmacy owners and community pharmacists who are focused on increasing their role in healthcare delivery, improving patient outcomes, and finding new reimbursement avenues, the company said in a release.


Response: We would like to thank the referee for providing the insightful suggestions, which indeed help us reconsider and further explore the underlying problems in quantifying the relative contributions to local surface temperature change in the lower reaches of Yangtze River. In the revised manuscript, we have added more clear descriptions on the physical characteristics, in-depth discussion of different factors' effects on surface temperature change, and compared the results with previous studies. The revisions corresponding to each specific comment are tracked in the marked-up manuscript respectively.


Regarding the lifetime of flood control water project as a time unit and considering the time value of capital, the flood loss reduction due to the project can be calculated and the probability distribution model of flood control benefit is obtained. A synthetic model is setup for economic assessment, risk analysis and flood control benefit estimation. A stochastic simulation technique is applied to calculate the risk probability based on joint probability theory. In the calculation the effect of correlation between variables on risk probability is considered. Finally, the sensitivity analysis for relevant parameters is carried out to make the index of decisionmaking more practical.


Reducing agents, both organic and inorganic, decreased the biological activity of amphotericin B. Cysteine-HCl, sodium sulfite, sodium dithionite, and sodium thiosulfate annulled amphotericin-mediated growth inhibition of susceptible organisms. These compounds also protected mouse erthrocytes from amphotericin-induced hemolysis. The reducing agents reacted, apparently irreversibly, with the heptaene chromophore of the antibiotic molecule. This reaction was reflected in altered spectrophotometric properties of the antibiotic and was associated with its loss of activity.


Administration of a dopamine (DA) antagonist, metoclopramide (MCP) resulted in dose-related acute increments of circulating levels of LH and FSH in patients with hyperprolactinemic anovulation due to pituitary microadenoma but not in normal cycling women during the early follicular phase. Concomitant PRL responses to MCP in hyperprolactinemic patients were 1/10 those observed in the cycling women. These findings suggest a relative DA excess at the hypothalamic LRF neurons and a relative DA deficiency at the adenoma lactotroph of hyperprolactinemic patients as compared to cycling women.


ABSTRACT This article examines the late Victorian ghost stories of Louisa Baldwin. Looking at several stories from her 1895 collection The Shadow on the Blind, we argue that, although her work is a part of the ongoing tradition of women's ghost stories in the nineteenth century, they differ from most by the weight of emphasis given to family, ancestry, and the importance of material, inherited objects. We argue that Louisa cannot be separated out from her family, who included sisters married to Edward Poynter, and Edward Burne-Jones; her nephew Rudyard Kipling, and her son Prime Minister (to be) Stanley Baldwin. There is a material weight of family evident in her work that haunts her characters through ancestry and heritage. The ghost stories discussed here display a sense of fatality; of destiny, of inescapability, and finally of a dwindling and the dying out of the ancestral line. Tracing some sort of autobiographical criticism of over-bearing families, this article explores both real, and spectral "ghastly ancestors".


The work introduces a new 1/f noise theory that focuses on limited signals. Usually, 1/f noise represents drift, because 1/f noise is the spectral power density of the drift. The subjects of the new theory are signals that have limited value and duration. Therefore the basis of the new theory of 1/f noise corresponds to the real properties of any device and signal comprising 1/f noise. On this basis, the standard deviation of 1/f noise was derived, which is the most important parameter of 1/f noise. This standard deviation has good consistency with (a) the widely used Hurst approximation, (b) the square root of time dependence of Brownian motion displacement, and (c) theoretically derived Brownian displacement. Comparison of an existing 1/f noise theory and the new one shows that both theories are incompatible because subjects of the existing 1/f noise theory are limitless signals, which do not exist.


with the increasing demand for utilization of energy resources, there has been a deflation in the availability of resources and there have been many methods of recycling of energy resources .It is our responsibility to ensure that we do not deplete all the energy resources leaving our future generations facing dangerous hazards. Our paper is one such attempt to reduce that burden. The method being employed by us is a new concept, which not only utilizes the principle of piezoelectricity to harvest energy but it also employs pyroelectric crystals and microcontroller to create a kind of feedback, with a battery getting charged automatically ,till it becomes fully charged. With piezo electric crystals it is possible to harvest energy from vibrating structures.Pyroelectric effect occurs when change in temperature causes flow of charges. These two effects are used to charge the various components being used in this experiment while remaining energy is being used to charge the battery. Our model aims to create a cyclic flow of energy, thus ensuring very less or no wastage of energy.


Easy to use, intuitive and adaptive; with these three requirements defined by a neurologist we started the development of a communication aid software system for people with Parkinson's disease, named ParkinsonCom. We understood that the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) would be a key issue. Following HCI design principles, we decided to design the user interfaces, make mock-ups and validate them with users before implementation. This paper presents how this process was accomplished in a totally distant way (by internet) due to the confinement, and the results obtained.


The assessment of the efficiency of the portfolio of investment projects has been made available for the additional Sharp's RVAR (Reward-to-variability ratio) and Trainor's RVOL (Reward-to-volatility ratio). When evaluating the performance of standard performance and Beta performance, Rink Lines CML and SML. The process of adjusting the portfolio of investment projects with the reference portfolio has been formalized. Beyond the help of the model for the listings of the MS Excel spreadsheet processor, it is illustrated before the selection of projects for inclusion in the portfolio and assessment of the effectiveness of the portfolio and the projects that must be entered.


To establish a HPLC method for the separation and determination of Carnosic acid in Rosemarinus officimalis L, the Pheromenex C18 reverse Phase column (250mm×4.6mm, 5μm) and acetonitrile-methanol as mobile phase were used with flow rate 1.0ml/min detecting spectrum 210 nm and quantitating value by external standard method. The standard curve of linear relationship was of 20~200μg/ml and r=0.9998.The average recovery was 98.6%. The established method was accurate, sensitive, simple and reliable for the determination of Carnosic acid in Rosemarinus officinalis L.


The wireless overlay network will play an important role in future mobile communications and Internet access. It will be an IP-based network, which includes various wireless access methods and provides all kinds of services such as voice, data and multimedia. Handoff is a critical issue of the wireless overlay network, because it can guarantee seamless roaming among different networks. Based on a WLAN-GPRS wireless overlay network model, and considering channel characteristics, service types and factors influencing the handoff process, a novel inter-system handoff scheme is proposed and relative decision benchmarks are discussed. Simulations on the key parameters, such as throughput, packet loss and handoff delay, prove that the proposed handoff scheme can provide powerful support for seamless handoff and continuous communication.


This paper provides a short tour through the world of pairing functions--bijections between N ? N and N--as models for computational "situations." After a short discussion of the computationally simplest pairing functions-- the Cauchy-Cantor "diagonal" polynomials--we describe two specific computational situations in some detail: the use of pairing functions as storage mappings for rectangular arrays/tables that can expand and shrink dynamically; the use of pairing functions as the basis for a mechanism for instilling accountability into Web-computing projects.


A novel synthesis of cis and trans substituted 4-tert-butoxycarbonyl cyclohexylglycines via asymmetric aminohydroxylation of vinyl styrene followed by reduction of the aromatic ring and subsequent oxidation is reported.


Core staff is a key factor in enterprise human resources and an important component of the core competitiveness of enterprises,therefore,how to encourage and retain core staff is becoming an increasingly significant problem concerned by enterprises.This paper,in the basis of competency content analysis,discusses the internal relationship between competency analysis and core staff incentive.Moreover,the Competency-based Core Staff Incentive Model Research is put forward in this paper from four aspects,which are performance evaluation,payment,training and promotion mechanism,in order to bring the core staff work ability into full play,enhance enterprise's human capital and achieve its long-term sound development.


As this issue goes to print, the future of the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), better known as the "Iran deal," remains in question. The agreement between Iran, the five permanent members of the UN Security Council, Germany, and the European Union has always been controversial, but little studied from a historical perspective. It is an essentially unique document: a multilateral nonproliferation agreement concerning a single country's nuclear program, incorporating many of the features of an arms-control treaty. How did the JCPOA emerge looking as it does? The full story remains to be told.


Jendral Sudirman road is one of the streets in Batang Regency which has function as primary artery and it has main access to connect vital locations. It makes Jendral Sudirman road has several transportation problems. In the planning, design and establishment of various transportation system policies, traffic flow theory of movement has very important role. To facilitate the application of traffic flow theory of movement used a mathematical approach which was used to analyze the phenomenon that took place in the traffic flow. One of approach ways to comprehend the traffic behavior was by verifying it into mathematical and graphics relationships with observing to the relationship among the speed (S), density (D) and volume (V) traffic.The objective of this study was to determine traffic flow characteristics on Jendral Sudirman Road consisting of three (3) main parameters such as volume, speed and density by using mathematical models included Greenshield, Greenberg and Underwood Model. In addition, this study also aimed to determine the results of a comparison of one of the chosen model with the road capacity calculation based on MKJI 1997.Based on the data analysis  by using Greenshield model, it was known that the characteristics of the traffic on Jendral Sudirman road values obtained free flow speed (Sf)= 45.53 km/h, density jam (Dj)= 38.31 unit/km and maximum volume or road capacity(Vmax)= 1774.25 unit/hour. The estimation result of model was calculated using Greenshield model and estimation capacity calculations of MKJI 1997 had a difference about 15.49%. This could be evidence that generalize the use of manual book as MKJI 1997 in estimating the value of a certain road location capacity without researching driver behavior, vehicle characteristics and the environment of the road would be at risk in the capacity estimation results obtained. Therefore, the use of existing guidelines such as the 1997 MKJI needs carefulness in assessing the environmental condition of the road and traffic characteristics.Keywords : TrafficCharacteristic, Volume, Speed, Density, Greenshield, Greenberg, Underwood


Compared with that of other universities,the evaluation system of profession characteristic universities has the following new features: it is more scientific in criteria,more comprehensive in subjects and more humanistic in methods.With the proposition of the concept of people-oriented and scientific development,this system sets the training of applied talents as the ultimate goal.This multidimensional evaluation system aims at the realistic goal to train the talents who can meet the needs of the community;meanwhile it also helps strengthen teaching staff construction and improve the level of scientific research ability of the teachers.


This work reports our recent progress in 3D thermoacoustic imaging based on compressive sensing. Thermoacoustic imaging has been extensively research in the past 15 years and has developed numerous applications especially in biomedical engineering. Pursuing a fast data measurement in the experimental process of thermoacoustic imaging is very meaningful. Compressive sensing based 3D thermoacoustic imaging technique holds great promise to achieve this goal. Detailed procedure of the novel method is introduced. Simulation results show that only 10 measurements are enough to obtain a good thermoacoustic image of four spherical objects.


Through spot investigation in twenty villages of five counties,this paper has analyzed the present situation of rural settlement hollowing in the hilly and mountainous area in Sichuan province from two sides of homestead and labor and studied the main influencing factors of the formation of rural settlement hollowing based on individual interview and survey data.The results reveal that the ageing,idle and waste phenomenon of house is common and rural population hollowing is so serious that is directly led by the large outflow of rural labor.Meanwhile,the formation of rural settlement hollowing in the hilly and mountainous area in Sichuan is limited by terrain,economy,traffic and policy etc.Finally,according to the main contributing factors of rural settlement hollowing,some countermeasures and suggestions have been proposed as follows:(1) strengthen construction of rural public service system and planning of rural settlements;(2) strengthen management of idle and waste homestead and supervision of land use;(3) further reduce the distinctions between urban and rural areas.


A flowmeter comprises a vibratable flowtube, a sensor connected to the flowtube for sensing the motion of the flowtube and a driver connected to the flowtube to impart energy to the flowtube. A random frequency generator generates random frequency signals 1708. A control and measurement system supplies the random frequency signals to the driver during a first mode of operation of the flowmeter. The random frequency signals may be filtered 1710 to remove unwanted frequency components. The control and measurement system is able to transition the flowmeter into a second mode of operation, characterised by a second drive signal. The fluid flow may be two or three phase (e.g. water, oil and gas) and the flowmeter may measure the mass flowrate or density of the fluid. A temperature or pressure sensor may be provided.


Nitrogen isotope analysis of surface soils and soil-derived nitrate for selected chernozemic and luvisolic soils showed mean delta $sup 15$N values of 11.7 and 11.3, respectively. Isotope enrichment of the total N reached a maximum in the lower B horizon. Sub-soil parent material samples from the one deep profile included in the study indicated a delta $sup 15$N value (NO$sub 3$-N) of $sup 1$/$sub 3$ that of the Ap horizon, at a depth of 180 cm. The delta $sup 15$N of sub-surface soil horizons containing residual fertilizer N were low (- 2.2) compared to the surface horizon (9.9). The data reported from this preliminary survey suggest that the natural variations in $sup 15$N abundance between different soils and horizons of the same soil reflect the cumulative effects of soil genesis and soil management. More detailed knowledge and understanding of biological and other processes which control N isotope concentrations in these soils must be obtained before the data reported can be interpreted. (auth)


Presentation for the 2014 Digital Library Federation (DLF) Annual Forum. This presentation discusses a pilot project by the University of North Texas and the University of Florida to develop a peer-to-peer process for becoming a Trusted Digital Repository.


"Requisite" is defined by Webster's Ninth New College Dictionary as "essential" or "necessary." Musculoskeletal Imaging, as part of the Requisites series, certainly reflects its title and sometimes more. Drs. Manaster and Disler are well known in the field of musculoskeletal radiology. Dr. May is making a name for himself. All of the authors are highly respected in their specialty.

The text is comprehensive in its coverage of common and sometimes not-so-common conditions such as arthritis, trauma, tumor, and other disorders …


The article deals with the main tendencies in the studies of Russian neo-Kantianism in Poland. Although the number and quality of research in the history of Russian neo-Kantianism still cannot be equated with those of the history of German neo-Kantianism, the situation of these studies is constantly changing for the better. The authors mark  the undeniable progress in the studies of Russian neo-Kantianism in Poland in the recent years: there are monographs, articles, collections, research projects on particular thinkers or themes related to the history of Russian neo-Kantianism. The authors consider A. Noras's idea of the development of neo-Kantianism into post-neo-Kantianism rather heuristic. One of the main features of  this development is the ontologization of the cognitive process. This "ontological turn", typical of Russian neo-Kantianism, in particular as represented by S. Hessen, V. Sesemann, B. Jakovenko, is, on the one hand, the hallmark of the entire Russian philosophy and, on the other, it brings together the philosophical efforts of Russian neo-Kantians and the conception of the author of the "new ontology" – N. Hartmann.


With the 14 m radio telescope at DRAO and the 4 m at Nagoya University, we have made detailed maps of and emissions from two Barnard objects B133 and B134 in the rotational transition lines. Usual LTE analyses of the CO observations led us to determine the distribution of column densities over an entire area encompassing both globules. Total gas masses estimated from the column density map are and for B133 and B134, respectively. The radial velocity of B133 is red shifted with respect to B134 by , which is too lagre to bind the two clouds as a binary system. We have shown that the usual stability analysis based on the simplified version of virial theorem with the second time-derivative of the moment of inertia term being ignored could mislead us in determining whether a given cloud eventually collapses or not. The lull version of the scalar virial theorem with the term is shown to be useful in following up the time-dependent variations of the cloud size R and its streaming velocity as functions of time. Results of our stability analysis suggest that B133 will eventually collapse in years.


India, the home of an ancient and medieval civilization, has been much written of until recently as the land of luxury, exotic beauty, nature and synthetic culture, of mystic religious and the centre of the rich heritage. The Indian sub-continent has the image, which established by travelers from outside those remarkable people who ventured to remote lands in the garb of merchants, ambassadors, conquerors, rulers, chaplains, pioneers, administrators, soldiers, artists, writers, poets, seekers of philosophical back impressions to their countrymen through lively tales, anecdotes and travel journals. These travelers came from far and near. During Mughal times travelers to India came in large numbers from Islamic and Christian countries. Traveniar, Thevenot, Ovington, Foster, Howkins, Manucci and other European travelers gave the historical information about the justice administration and punishment during Mughal empire period. This paper based on the original and standard translations of the foreign travelers accounts in English language. In the term of methodology, this paper made by the primary and secondary standard sources at Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Library and Maulana Azad Research Centre and Public Library, Majnun Hill, Aurangabad, Maharashtra.


There are two schools of law concerning the definition of the law of environment.While one school claims that it should encompass more rights in,say,ecology,economics,substances,and procedures,the other school argues that it should target at certain specifics.Now that both are reasonable in certain aspects,the writer proposes a system of laws of environment.


Objectives: Describe cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and their association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic renal disease (CRD) on hemodialysis (HD). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 345 prevalent adult patients of both sexes, aged 18 and over, following a conventional HD program irrespective of etiology at Mar de Barcelona Hospital and 3 other dialysis centers for which the said hospital is a reference center. All patients gave their informed consent in writing. A review was made of the medical records contained in databases at the said centers, and descriptive statistics were applied. Results: Mean age was 69.19±14.03; 71.5 % of patients were male; mean treatment time was 62.26 ± 84.79 months. The frequency of classical CVRFs was the following: hypertension (82.5 %), diabetes mellitus (DM, 32.2 %), male sex (71.6 %) and dyslipemia (55.7 %). CVD was present in 60.5% of patients; 53.9 % was of cardiac origin proper. The following risk factors were associated with cardiovascular disease: smoking, dyslipidemia, DM, arterial hypertension (AHT), LVH, age, and Charlson comorbidity index, with a statistical significance of (p< 0.05). Conclusions: Patients with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis have a high frequency of CVD and classical CVRFs. The factors predicting clinical CVD in our population were age, the presence of subclinical CVD, LVH, and classical CVRFs (AHT, DM, dyslipidemia, smoking, age and Charlson comorbidity index).


Over the past 20 years,there have been more and more researchers breaking the age limit of diagnosis and studying personality disorders in childhood and adolescence.In this paper a comprehensive review of the advance in epidemiology of adolescent personality disorder was made with the following conclusions:① The prevalence of total adolescent personality disorders is about 15%,which is like that of adult;② the prevalence of PDs in the early adolescence is highest,then it gradually decrease overtime;③the prevalence of some type has gender differences,the age and gender have interaction influence to the prevalence of adolescent personality disorders.


ABSTRACT There is surprisingly little knowledge about the informal 'trilogues' that play a pivotal role in almost 90 per cent of European Union legislation. This article maps out previously uncharted practices and explores their role in constituting the Parliament and Council as legislators. It proceeds by taking stock of the knowledge that actors in Parliament, the Council and the Commission have acquired and use to make sense of, and act in, trilogues. Our findings qualify the widespread belief that trilogues have drawn Parliament into unfamiliar territory of diplomatic culture, at a cost to political efficacy and democratic functions. Trilogues today are underpinned by norms, standard operating procedures and practices linking formal and informal institutions. They have imparted Parliament with a sharpened consciousness of its role and identity as a 'normal' parliament, while leaving the Council frustrated and less confident. Parliament has seen in norms of public accountability a means to develop leverage over the Council.


Summary The objective of this study was to investigate the early biological response in the olive flounder exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of waterborne phenanthrene (0.5, 1 or 2 µM). The fish were exposed for 4 weeks and we analyzed their enzymatic defense system, antioxidant and phase II enzyme activities, to evaluate the chronic exposure toxicity of phenanthrene. Waterborne phenanthrene affected antioxidant enzymes and glutathione-mediated detoxification as an enzyme defense system. Hepatic, gill and kidney glutathione reductase as well as glutathione S-transferase, and catalase activities were markedly elevated after two or four weeks of exposure. These enzyme activities of the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, seem to be a convenient approach for monitoring pollution in coastal areas against polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution including phenanthrene.


This research was to determine the effect of type of solvent and the ratio of material to the solvent with ultrasonication on antioxidant activity of beluntas leaf extract (Pluchea indica Less) and also determine the right type of solvent and the ratio of material to the solvent to extract beluntas leaves with the highest antioxidant activity. The complately Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors was used in this study. First factor is the types of solvents with 4 level (aquades, methanol 90%, ethanol 90%, acetone 90%) and second factor is the ratio of materials to solvent with 3 level (1:10, 1:15, 1:20). The treatment were repeated twice for obtain 24 experimental units. Variables observed were yield, total flavonoids, total tannin, antioxidant activity and IC50. The data were analyzed using variance and if the treatment had a significant effect, on was followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the interaction between the types of solvents and the ratio of material to the solvent had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on yield, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, IC50, but the interaction have no real effect on the total tannin only show the very significant effect against solvent type and ratio on total tannin. The results showed that ethanol 90% with a ratio of 1:20 was the best treatment that produced antioxidant activity of 67.03 %, IC50 of 74.37 ppm, total flavonoid of 11.08 mg QE/g, total tannin of 7.78 mg TAE/g and  yield of  4.16%.


assembled which contains the total amount of carbon in a 0.82 to 0.99-fold quantity of that required to reduce all oxides of the charge to elements and achieving this carbon content by preparing pellets which, in addition to the binding material, contain (a) as oxide to be reduced in an amount of at least 50% by weight such oxides of only base-forming or only amphoteric or only acid-forming elements which form with each other compounds or eutec tics melting above 1600 C., and (b) a carbonaceous reducing agent and/or carbides in such an amount that the quantity of carbon is either 1.05 to 1.35 times higher than required to transform the oxides of the pellet to the carbides or 0.66 to 0.02-fold of the quantity required to reduce the oxides of the pellet to metallic elements, and assem bling the charge (a) from pellets containing an excess of carbon and/or from lumpy carbides and (3) from carbon-deficient pellets or from a lumpy oxide of a base-forming or amphoteric or acid forming element and (y) from lumpy carbon carriers, and optionally (8) from an iron additive, in the absence of boron trioxide.


Liver abscess is often seen as a complication of biliary tract disease or intra-abdominal pathology with infection spreading to the liver via the portal venous system. Abscess can also arise from systemic bacteremia or bloodstream infection via the hepatic vein or by direct extension from an adjacent focus. Imaging with ultrasound and/or CT scan can confirm abscess and allow radiologically guided sampling, to help guide antimicrobial therapy, and therapeutic drainage. The majority of abscesses are pyogenic but amoebic and mycobacterial causes may need to be considered in certain situations.


The constituents absorbing at 260 nm were released quickly, and after 45 min further release was observed only when the higher concentrations of phenylethanol were present. At the lowest concentration, phenylethanol had no effect on viability, though there was an increase in leakage. Higher concentrations did have an effect of viability (Fig. 2), but the viable count was still about los cells ml-l after 4 h. Best, Best & others (1968) described how vancomycin can be used to detect changes in the integrity of the cell walls of Gram-negative organisms and showed that P. j?uorescens adsorbs much less vancomycin than B. subtilis, but after treatment with sodium edetate uptake of vancomycin by P. JZuorescens was greatly enhanced. We found that P. aeruginosa NCTC 6750, which is normally resistant to vancomycin, after exposure to phenylethanol 0.05 to 0.15 v/v showed increased uptake of vancomycin. Above the higher concentration of phenylethanol, uptake was only slightly increased. With an organism susceptible to vancomycin such as B. subtilis, 80 % of the available vancomycin is taken up; P. aeruginosa in the absence of phenylethanol shows no uptake, and a maximum uptake of 26 % in the presence of phenylethanol under the same conditions. These results indicate that phenylethanol has an effect on the cell envelope of P. aeruginosa and supports the hypothesis of Richards & others (1969) that a combination of phenylethanol and a bactericide may enable higher concentrations of the bactericide to enter the cell than would enter in the absence of phenylethanol.


A general procedure for determining the optimum location of suspension hard points with respect to kinematic design parametes is presented. Suspensions are modeled as connection of rigid bodies by ideal kinematic joints. Constraint equations of the kinematic joints are expressed in terms of the generalized coordinates and hard points. By directly differentiating the constraint equations with respect to the hard points, kinematic sencitivity equations are obtained. In order to cope with algebraic complexity associated with the differentiation process, a symbolic computation technique is used. A performance index is defined in terms of static design parameters such as camber, caster, toe, ect.. Gradient of the performance index can be analytically computed from the kinematic sensitivity equations. Optimization results show the effectiveness and validity of the procedure, which is applicable to any type of suspension if its kinematic configurations are given.


A group of hidden victims of prostitution has been brought to light by Ingeborg Kraus, a trauma therapist in Germany, and Andrea Heinz, a woman with experience in the sex trade in Canada. Dignity has published four articles by these two writers in the last year. Their nascent body of work is uncovering important new information and perspectives on prostitution. Through their own experience and interviews with wives of sex buyers and women with sex trade experience they show us a more holistic view of the harm of prostitution. They write about the wives and families of men who are involved in prostitution. They describe how the shadow women suffer from the harm of prostitution. By broadening the analysis of the negative impact of prostitution on women and the community they conclude that legitimizing prostitution as sex work is a mistake that undermines our collective regard for all women and their personal dignity and genuine sexual integrity


Due to the traditional resource sharing system based on satellite lacks of subscription service and inconvenient operation, it can no longer meet the needs of content for farmers and herdsmen. Content Centric Network (CCN) technology based on the Internet is difficult to implement in agricultural and pastoral areas which are lacking of network infrastructure. It is worth noting that the rapid spread of smart phones and other mobile devices in agricultural and pastoral areas, as well as the continuous development of Mobile Delay Tolerant Network (MDTN) makes content delivery that use of mobile portable terminal devices to constitute MDTN-CCN integrated network turns into a more efficient way. However, the energy of the mobile portable communication devices is limited in MDTN, which will affect the efficiency of content delivery and the performance of the entire network. Therefore, how to achieve efficient routing under the condition of energy constraint is the key to the content delivery of MDTN-CCN integrated network. In this paper, based on the operational principle and content delivery mechanism of CCN, as well as typical routing strategies of MDTN-CCN integrated network, we put forward a content opportunistic routing protocol considering the interest, residual energy and centrality of node (ECORP-C). The strategy divides the whole network into several communities based on node's interest, and divides the nodes of the entire network into different degrees based on node's residual energy and centrality. In the process of routing, it preferences to choose the node which energy degree and centrality degree are both appropriate as a relay to forward interest packet and data packet. Experimental results show that ECORP-C can achieve higher delivery rate and effectively save energy at the same time. It is beneficial to realize the content delivery of agricultural and pastoral areas, and to promote the process of information in remote regions.


Background: Increased esophageal acid exposure contributes to the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD),and the absence or dysmotility of esophageal body peristalsis may lead to esophageal clearance dysfunction.Aims:In order to reveal the role of esophageal body motility disorders in GERD,the aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of esophageal body motility disorders,including nonspecific esophageal motility disorder(NEMD)and ineffective esophageal motility(IEM)in patients with GERD,and to evaluate the relationship between NEMD and IEM,and gastroesophageal acid reflux and endoscopic esophagitis.Methods:Esophageal manometry and ambulatory24-hour esophageal pH monitoring were performed in116patients with GERD,and endoscopy was performed in75cases of these patients.Results:Ninety-eight pa-tients(84.5%)with GERD were found to have disordered motility in esophageal body.Among them,77were NEMD,and8were NEMD that were concordant with the diagnostic criteria for IEM.The total time percentage of pH4was significantly in-creased in GERD patients with NEMD or IEM than that in normal esophageal motility patients(8.0%±9.3%and15.7%±13.5%vs.3.0%±4.7%,P0.05);so did the upright and recumbent time percentages of pH4(upright time percentage:8.8%±11.1%and17.4%±21.0%vs.3.6%±4.1%,P0.01;recumbent time percentage:7.0%±10.4%and16.1%±12.2%vs.2.3%±6.7%,P0.05).The total esophageal acid clearance(EAC)time and upright EAC time were delayed markedly in GERD pa-tients with IEM when compared with those in normal esophageal motility patients(total EAC time:1.89min/reflux±1.82min/reflux vs.0.66min/reflux±0.58min/reflux,P0.05;upright EAC time:1.96min/reflux±1.96min/reflux vs.0.59min/reflux±0.48min/reflux,P0.05).Among the75GERD patients undergoing endoscopy,56.1%with NEMD and42.9%with IEM had endoscopic esophagitis,no significant difference was found as compared with the normal esophageal motility patients(69.2%).Conclusions:Esophageal body motility disorders can be detected in patients with GERD,and NEMD is more common.GERD patients with NEMD or IEM have more gastroesophageal acid reflux,and the acid clearance in patients with IEM de-layed more significantly,which indicate that both NEMD and IEM play important roles in GERD.The esophageal mucosal le-sions are not prerequisite for the occurrence of esophageal body motility disorders.


Physical Cell Identity (PCI) assignments and conflicts are still posing huge challenges in the LTE-femtocell based network. This challenges stem from the problem of only 504 unique PCls are available in the LTE network. In this work we propose an approach to solve this problem with minimum needs of human intervention, besides preserving the network resources by discarding the need of periodically updating the network neighbor list and also discarding the need to resolve searching conflict and healing.


A co-colored thin film device for laser-induced damage threshold test system is presented in this paper, to make the laser-induced damage threshold tester operating at 532nm and 1064nm band. Through TFC simulation software, a film system of high-reflection, high -transmittance, resistance to laser damage membrane is designed and optimized. Using thermal evaporation technique to plate film, the optical properties of the coating and performance of the laser-induced damage are tested, and the reflectance and transmittance and damage threshold are measured. The results show that, the measured parameters, the reflectance R ≥ 98%@532nm, the transmittance T ≥ 98%@1064nm, the laser-induced damage threshold LIDT ≥ 4.5J/cm2 , meet the design requirements, which lays the foundation of achieving laser-induced damage threshold multifunction tester.


PurposeBy taking the theory of entrepreneurial legacy as the baseline, this study explores the various aspects of succession planning in indigenous family businesses especially the role of female family members in succession and conflicts in family businesses.Design/methodology/approachThe study is qualitative in nature and adopts narrative inquiry to explore the aspects of succession planning. In doing so, the study utilizes an in-depth interviewing technique with nine participants who run their family-owned firms which are mostly in their second or third generation for analysis.FindingsThe findings are concurrent with the literature that indicates a lack of strategic succession planning although ordinary or natural succession does occur in some firms. The study also reports a lack of consideration for female members in succession, daughters in particular, for traditional family firms (FFs) in contrast to entrepreneurial FFs.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has many implications for family-owned firms in Pakistan as they need to align their family business with the theory of entrepreneurial legacy and its three strategic activities in order to ensure the longevity of their business.Originality/valueExploring how succession planning takes place in family indigenous family businesses and what is the role of female family members in succession and conflicts in family businesses are original contributions of this study.


A description is given of the JISC-funded PELICAN project and its results. PELICAN lasted from November 2000 to October 2001. The project focused on possible charging algorithms for publishers giving licences to Higher Education Institutions to digitise and then disseminate chapters. Three possible charging models were developed. These models are described. Each of them represents a possible way forward for scholarly electronic publications.


From the five aspects: the determining the productivity,the basie national situation of the preliminary socialist stage,the advantages of socialism,the realization of communism and the important principles of "Three Represents",etc,the Fundamental task of socialism is theoretically studied,analysed and explained.


Network traffic is a typical nonlinear time series. As such, traditional linear and nonlinear models are inadequate to describe the multi-scale characteristics of traffic, thus compromising the prediction accuracy. Therefore, the research to date has tended to focus on hybrid models rather than the traditional linear and non-linear ones. Generally, a hybrid model adopts two or more methods as combined modelling to analyze and then predict the network traffic. Against this backdrop, this paper will review past research conducted on hybrid network traffic prediction models. The review concludes with a summary of the strengths and limitations of existing hybrid network prediction models which use optimization and decomposition techniques, respectively. These two techniques have been identified as major contributing factors in constructing a more accurate and fast response hybrid network traffic prediction.


Metabolic rates and body temperatures (Tb) of adult and immature beavers were recorded at air temperatures from −20 to 28 °C. The thermoneutral zone of beavers > 1 year of age extended from 0–2 °C to at least 28 °C. Lower critical temperature, whole-body conductance, and resting metabolic rate were similar for yearlings and beavers ≥ 2 years old, and conformed closely to weight-predicted values for terrestrial eutherians. The estimated lower critical temperature of a growing beaver kit declined from 24–25 °C at 2–3 weeks of age when the animal weighed 0.59–0.62 kg to 0–2 °C at 11–13 weeks when the kit weighed 2.92–3.50 kg. Rectal Tb of the kit was generally lower and less stable than abdominal Tb recorded telemetrically from older animals. In beavers > 1 year old, abdominal Tb was independent of air temprature (−20 to 28 °C), with no evidence of hypothermia or metabolic depression at subfreezing temperatures. Neither the level nor the daily rhythm of Tb was substantially altered by 24–48 h fasting in this...


The effect of stress frequency on fatigue crack initiation and propagation in SM50A steel, which has strain rate dependence in the plastic region, was studied.Fatigue crack initiation and propagation tests were carried out at 0.02Hz, 0.2Hz, 1Hz and 20Hz, at R=0, at room temperature, and the number of cycles to crack initiation and the crack propagation rate were measured. The local stress-strain behavior at the part of stress concentration was analyzed and the simulation of fatigue crack propagation was performed by FEM employing the elasto/visco-plastic overlay model. The comparison between the experimental results and the visco-plastic strain behavior calculated by analysis was made.The following results were obtained.(1) The number of cycles to crack initiation and the crack propagation rate depend on the stress frequency in such a way that for lower frequency, a shorter life of the crack initiation and a higher crack propagation rate were obtained.(2) The dependences of the crack initiation life and the crack propagation rate on stress frequency can be explained by the visco-plastic strain range based on the material viscosity in the plastic region at the notch root and the crack tip.(3) A parameter closely related to fatigue crack initiation and propagation rate is the visco-plastic strain range at the notch root and the crack tip in visco-plastic materials.


According to the present invention, a computer having a processor and a memory receives a query definition that includes a query for processing an input tuple, a variable delay operation for adding a delay time to a tuple output from the query, and a recursive loop for recursively inputting the result of the variable delay operation to the query. The computer also receives a configuration change instruction that specifies an input source from which a tuple is to be received, an output destination to which a tuple is to be output, and a delay time. The computer then changes the query definition such that: the recursive loop is omitted; the result of the variable delay operation is output to the output destination specified by the configuration change instruction; a tuple is received from the input source specified by the configuration change instruction; and the delay time specified by the configuration change instruction is set for the variable delay operation. The computer then receives a tuple from the input source, applies the variable delay operation to a tuple obtained by performing predetermined processing on the received tuple in accordance with the query, and outputs the resulting tuple to the output destination after adding the delay time to the timestamp of the tuple.


In 2013, Governor Jerry Brown signed into law California's Local Control Funding Formula (LCFF), representing "the most significant change in California's funding system for K-12 schools in four decades."1 This milestone presents California districts with the opportunity to fundamentally transform how they use resources. The choice is clear—do more of the same, or seize the moment so California leads the nation in creating systems that ensure all students reach new, higher standards.


The article analyzes the functional purpose of the Legal-ray qualifications. In assessing this phenomenon as the institutional, the author goes on, from the traditional sectoral approach, leads to the problem of inter-sectoral level cognition. This paper presents the major direction of the implementation practices for the phenomenon of «legal requirement» is scheduled prospects to a general theoretical knowledge


These days, malware is one of the supreme acknowledged cyber threats. As data volumes increase rapidly, the number of malware threats increases. Malware not only increases in quantities but also becomes smarter and more difficult to detect. Detect malware threats on websites caused by high data traffic, becomes a challenging problem, which must be solved. Moreover, billions of dollars are lost annually due to malicious website scams. Applying analytics to discover new information, predict future malware insights, and make control decisions is a critical process that makes online websites secure. In this research, we propose and analyze a machine learning-based system to detect the behavior of malicious websites based on specific features. With these features, we classify websites as either malicious versus non-malicious. This paper employs a variety of machine learning techniques, including Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, and Naïve Bayes to detect malicious and non-malicious websites, based on various feature selection circumstances to improve results. Applying feature selection with a new way depends on the threshold of categories so Reasonable results are reached with 100% accuracy, recall, and precision when applying Logistic Regression and Decision Tree algorithms while 95% when applying a Naïve Bayes algorithm with an acceptable timing slot.


Objectivev To observe the ultrastructural changes of vasa vasorum endothelial cells in the walls of the great saphenous vein and splenic vein, and to evaluate the effect of high hydrostatic pressure and hypoxia upon vasa vasorum endothelial cells. Methods Thirty-four varicose great saphenous vein samples and splenic vein samples with portal hypertension were obtained, and the same number of normal great saphenous vein and splenic vein were used as the control groups. Semi-thin sections stained with HE staining vasa vasorum of the adventitia in great saphenous vein and splenic vein were observed for light microscopy. Samples were made into ultrathin-slices again. The ultrastructural changes of endothelial cells were observed under transmission electron microscopy. Results In varicose great saphenous veins and diseased splenic veins, the nuclear architecture of endothelial cells in vasa vasorum were integrity and the distribution of chromatin were normal. In some mitochondria, the trachychromatic groundplasm, undefi ned and ruptured cristae were found. Conclusion Under high hydrostatic pressure and hypoxia conditions, the ultrastructure of vasa vasorum endothelial cells between the great saphenous vein and the splenic vein may appear remodeling phenomenon, and both changes are similar.


The present invention relates to a system and method for adjusting parameters of a wind turbine power. In particular, a method for adjusting power of a wind turbine parameter, the method comprising: determining a load parameter represents the mechanical load of the wind turbine; load parameter based on the determined estimated wind speed disturbance; and based on the estimated to adjust the power parameters related to the power of the wind turbine the disturbance. In addition, also described a method for adjusting parameters of a wind turbine power system.


The approach for developing of e-learning content is discussed in theoretical aspect. In the paper initial package of basic notion and its start notion are considered. The role of interdisciplinary links in e-learning courses is discussed. Suggested algorithm for initial package creating and start notion determining is presented in three versions - based on the internal connectivity in the initial package of notions, based on incidence with complementation, and another one, taking into account external incidence or interdisciplinary links.


Achievement emotions are defined as emotions that are directly linked to achievement activities or achievement outcomes. Achievement emotions are very important in the learning process because they can affect learning performances and learning outcomes. This study was carried out with the intention of examining the types of emotions that students experience and the affective factors related to achievement emotions. In the current study, three positive emotions, including enjoyment, hope, and pride, and three negative ones, including anger, anxiety, and boredom, are examined using an adapted version of the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire by Pekrun (2002). Students' emotional experiences are studied in learning-related achievement situations at university. Three hundred eighty students currently attending Hoa Sen University participated in the study. The results reveal that the students have a moderate and high level of positive and negative emotions. In addition, there is a significant difference in students' level of positive achievement emotions in terms of gender, hometown, and major and negative emotions in terms of hometown. Moreover, in-depth interview results reveal that most of the problems which lead to negative emotions are related to individual students. From the results, some educational implications are drawn to help minimize learners' negative emotions and foster their positive emotions.


The National Communication System funded, and the Defense Nuclear Agency administered, a contract with AT&T to develop an EMP hardened version of the T1 transmission system. This paper discusses the approach used to develop the hardened version of the T1 System, including a description of the EMP hardening philosophy, interpretation of the test results, and the integrated system assessment. The results of the program indicated that for the route studied, augmented electrical shielding and the application of terminal protection devices will provide an EMP-hard terrestrial common-carrier transmission system.


The main tendencies of development of communication strategies of the leading natural history museums of the world are considered. Based on the Strategy for the Development of State Natural History Museum NAS of Ukraine, the main goals, tasks and channels of communication with the main segments of the audience of the museum are developed.


Sound and constructive labour relations are an important condition for sustained economic and social development. Yet practice-orientated publications of a comparative nature on labour relations in developing countries, designed to facilitate decision-making by governments as well as employers' and workers' organizations, are exceptionally rare. This volume is based on papers prepared for an ILO seminar on labour relations in the Caribbean region. The papers, which have been written by high-ranking officals of governments, employers' organizations and unions, describe important features of labour relations in the participating countries in the context of national development.


The crystal structures formed by compounds of strongly electropositive and strongly electronegative elements are described crystallographically in terms of interpenetrating Bravais lattices occupied by the various chemical species. The coexistence of crystalline long-range order and chemical order up to melting can be explained by electronic charge transfer and local compensation of positive and negative ionic charges. An examination of the local structures found in crystalline metal halides shows that charge compensation occurs in two qualitatively distinct ways. The first involves halogen sharing and high coordination numbers for the metal ions; the structure of alkali, alkaline-earth, and lanthanide metal halides are ex amples of this type of order. In the second, charge compensation takes place within well-defined molecular units, either monomeric ones, as for example in HgC12 and SbCI3, or dimerie ones, as in AlBr3' Studies of molten salts have generally been based on the assumption that the melting transition, which involves the loss of crystalline long range order" largely preserves the type of local order found in the crystal. Determinations of the structure of metal halide meits carried out over the past two decades with neutron diffraction have largely substantiated this


This report is a Ph.D. dissertation performed under NRA cooperative agreement and submitted as part of the final report. Asymmetric surface dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) have shown promise for use as aerodynamic actuators for active flow control. In this project we studied DBD actuators experimentally and numerically. Our DBDs used a symmetric triangular high voltage waveform to generate plasma in atmospheric pressure air. Time-averaged measurements indicated that the induced force of a single barrier actuator design (one electrode insulated from the plasma) can be increased exponentially above the results of previous studies by decreasing both the length and thickness of the electrode exposed to the plasma. This increased force may allow these devices to control flow separation in a wider range of flow environments. Experiments using an intensified digital camera to examine the plasma on time scales of a few nanoseconds showed that, in addition to the previously-observed filamentary and jet-like plasma structures, discharges with very thin exposed electrodes exhibited a weak but constant plasma immediately adjacent to those electrodes. In double-barrier actuators (both electrodes insulated), decreasing the diameter of the narrower electrode lead to increasing forces, and recorded images showed the simultaneous existence of both filamentary and jet-like plasma structures. The development and application of a time-dependent, two-dimensional computational fluid plasma model has aided in understanding the detailed physics of surface DBDs at all-time scales. For simulated single-barrier discharges, the model qualitatively reproduced the filamentary and jet-like micro-discharge structures. The model was somewhat successful in reproducing the observed characteristics of double-barrier actuators. For both actuator geometries, the model indicated that the majority of the forces induced on the neutral gas occur in between micro-discharges as the plasmas decay.


To continue scaling down CMOS devices, ultrashallow and extremely highly doped p/n junctions must be fabricated. As is known, a major problem related to this technique, is the formation of extended defects resulting from the precipitation of the large amounts of interstitials and vacancies generated during the dopant and pre-amorphization implantation. The interactions between the defects and the implanted dopants are the origin of the diffusion and activation anomalies that are among the major obstacles to the realisation of ultrashallow junctions satisfying the ITRS requirements.


The aim of the present study was to analyze the variation of esterase activity as well as the expression patterns of isozymes by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels (IF-PAGE) and conventional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Esterase activity and isoforms were analyzed on total proteins from 9 isolates of Beauveria bassiana, from different hosts and geographic areas from the State of Guerrero, Mexico. Total proteins were separated by IF-PAGE and PAGE, in order to characterize the activity and isoelectric points of the esterase isoforms detected on different isolates. Electrophoretic analysis from 9 isolates of Beauveria bassiana, revealed a polymorphic pattern in terms of esterases activity and the presence of isozymes, showing a total of 10 different isoforms with variations in both the activity and isoelectric point. Each isolate showed between 3-6 different isozymes. Cluster analysis derived from the Jaccards coefficients showed a significant association between the presence-absence of esterase isoforms and the geographical origin of the Beauveria bassiana isolates. We conclude that the use of this methodology for functional detection combined with PAGE and IF-PAGE, can be an excellent tool for biochemical characterization of isolates and further impact evaluation of artificial epizootics derived from Biological control programs.


By comparing the tectonic evolution,stratigraphic development,petroleum accumulation elements and exploration data in intercoastal passive continental margin basins in the south Atlantic ocean,this paper summarized the petroleum geological conditions and hydrocarbon distribution discrepancies of the two regions,including the genesis of their formations.The passive continental margin basins of West Africa have much more petroleum resources than those of eastern South America.The former's hydrocarbons are mainly found in post-salt sequences,dominant in structural and structural-stratigraphic traps,whereas the latter's hydrocarbons are found priority to post-salt sequences,secondary to pre-salt sequences,dominated by structural-stratigraphic traps.The development of continental margins is different in width and narrow extent,the West Africa is in alternately development,while the eastern South America is of nature of wide mid-south part and narrow north part.In general,the former has better quality and maturity of source rocks than the latter's,with well developed post-salt deep water turbidite sandstone and fault controlled petroleum vertical migration style of West Africa basins,compared with the broadly developed pre-salt carbonate reservoir and petroleum vertical and lateral migration controlled by fault,unconformity and lithology of eastern South America basins.


ABSTRACT
 How can science instruction engage students in 21st-century skills and inquiry-based learning, even when doing simple labs in the classroom? We collaborated with teachers in professional development workshops to transform "cookbook" activities into engaging laboratory experiences. We show how to change the common classroom activity of DNA extraction of wheat germ to integrate cooperative group strategies, graphic organizers, and classroom discussions. Teachers found these strategies helpful as they worked to adapt instruction that prepared students with the knowledge and skills necessary to succeed in 21st-century Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) careers.


American movies have taken 80 percent of Taiwan's movie market. Among these movies, most are adapted from novels. For Taiwaness audiences foreign movies require subtitles. This research discusses the differences among three versions of subtitle translations found in Taiwan Universal Studios', China TLF's and the writer's translation of the movie "Pride and Prejudice" (2005). This research studies two aspects: The first one is the practice of subtitle translation strategy, which includes speed & space, simplification and interjection. The second one is the practice of communicative translation strategy, which includes story coherence, story background and the traits and characteristics of each role in the story. By studing these aspects, this research can offer some suggestions to the subtitle translator. The result of this research reveals that the most common mistakes of subtitle translators are disobeying the subtitle translation strategy, mistranslation and typing mistakes. In addition, insufficient knowledge of the novel, the story background and traits found within individual story roles influence the quality of the subtitle translation as well. These mistakes run counter to communicative translation strategy and discount audience's enjoyment of the movie.


The consumer is increasingly demanding in several respects specially by regarding quality in attendance, products and services. This perception acts in all places including gas station. In this scenario, this article purpose to apply the Quality Function Deployment method (QFD) generating a gas station services improvements models. The methodology was the case study in a gas station of Natal/RN city, through qualitative and quantitative approaches, studying the main requirements of the enterprise, from the customer point of view. The survey points out that the factors such as fuel price, payment by credit card and good service are the key requirements for customer loyalty.


Emerging tourist market trends are pushing destinations to consider mobility an essential strategic component of sustainable tourism planning. Destination Management needs to use tourism mobility analysis systematically if it wants to seize the opportunity and face the challenge of implementing effective strategies for sustainable transport and tourism. This paper introduces an innovative methodology for the analysis of tourist traffic components which can be used to assess their environmental impact and develop appropriate measures to manage mobility. The methodology has been implemented in South Tyrol, a province with the capacity to pioneer sustainable tourism initiatives and mobility measures. These measures seem to be having a positive effect on tourist flows, both through the encouraging of sustainable behavior (carrot measures) and the discouraging of unsustainable behavior (stick measures).


In the article the author points to some basic thesis of his book Ideology and Art of Modernism (Ljubljana, 1988) and adds a few additional remarks. The author sketches the essential conceptualizations of ideology throughout history and states that especially modernist art was fundamentally tied to ideology, especially the political one. As an extreme case of the relationship between ideology and art is taken the totalitarian ideologz and its relationship towards art. At the same time its demand for »realistic« art is explained with the help of Pierre Bourdieu's interpretation of representational art as populist art. As two extreme cases of politicization of art the period of around the First World War and the period of the neoavant-gardes is given. In author's opinion the postmodernist art already transcends the context of modernism and also the relationships of ideology and art as they were typical for modernism of the last century.


Stance Recognition over proposals is the task of automatically detecting whether a comment on a specific proposal is in favor of this proposal, against this proposal or that neither inference is likely. The dataset that we propose to use is an online debating platform inaugurated in 2021, where users can submit proposals and comment over proposals or over other comments. It contains 4.2k proposals and 20k comments focused on various topics. Every comment and proposal can come written in another language, with more than 40% of the proposal/comment pairs containing at least two languages, creating a unique intra-multilingual setting. A portion of the data (more than 7k comment/proposal pairs, in 26 languages) was annotated by the writers with a self-tag assessing whether they are in favor or against the proposal. Another part of the data (without self-tag) has been manually annotated: 1206 comments in 6 morphologically different languages (fr, de, en, el, it, hu) were tagged, leading to a Krippendorff's α of 0.69. This setting allows defining an intra-multilingual and multi-target stance classification task over online debates.


During the last decade, a number of large-scale resource development projects have been proposed for Labrador. Most prominent among these are the mining complex slated for Voisey's Bay and the expansion of hydroelectricity generation on the Lower Churchill River. Debates about the merits of these proposals have been particularly heated in Happy Valley-Goose Bay, the bureaucratic hub of Labrador. This thesis explores the core elements of the pro-development discourses that were put forth by the town's political and business elites. These individuals tended to characterize Labradorians as having a set of shared goals and interests that could only be realized through modernization. Many spoke disparagingly about the Innu Nation, which they accused of selfishly standing in the way of the aspirations of other Labradorians through their public opposition to certain aspects of these new developments. This research contradicts this claim. While many interviewees did support some degree of industrial expansion, most voiced serious concerns about the potential social, cultural, and environmental impacts of further development. These concerns were evident among people from a wide range of backgrounds, and do not appear to be easily ascribed to any particular group.


After the boom in its early years,the cultural heritage studies are in a Generative Theoretical Predicament which manifests as indeterminate disciplinary orientation,undefined field of study,absence of basic theory,and insufficiency of methodology. Actually,the predicament is a consequence of three thinking formularies in research: substituting the particularity for the universality,the practical principles for the academic cognitions,and the subjective for the objective prescriptive nature. To break through the situation,researchers should pay more attention not only to avoiding the thinking formularies,but also to questions like definition,value,inverse construction to human nature,heritage conservation and Modernity of Chinese Culture,nature of heritage laws,etc.


In this letter, we exploit the implementation of uplink power control and cell range extension for interference coordination in a two-tier massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) enabled heterogeneous cellular network. Our results show that the uplink performance in the massive MIMO macrocells can be significantly improved through uplink power control in the small cells, while more uplink transmissions in the macrocells have mild adverse effect on the uplink performance of the small cells. In addition, the uplink performance of the massive MIMO macrocells can be improved by expanding the small cell range when dozens of users are served in the macrocells.


Abstract Let G be a finite p-solvable group. We describe the structure of the p-complements of G when the set of p-regular conjugacy classes has exactly three class sizes. For instance, when the set of p-regular class sizes of G is {1, pa, pam} or {1, m, pam} with (m, p) = 1, then we show that m = qb for some prime q and the structure of the p-complements of G is determined.


Turbochargers of modern marine diesel engines are built according to the high standard aeroand thermodynamic design principles applicable to related turbomachinery, such as gas turbines and aeroengines. Unlike these applications, however, marine turbochargers are operated with low quality marine fuels, hence, introducing the problem of fouling. Under these harsh conditions, turbochargers ingest oil and dust laden air on the compressor side as well as severely contaminated exhaust gases on the turbine side. Since peak aerodynamic performance is required for the compressor and turbine geometry, it is evident that any contamination in the flow duct or on blade profiles influences aerodynamics and leads to performance deterioration. For this reason, cleaning procedures are available to counteract the build-up of fouling on turbocharger components and thus, keep performance more or less stable. Manufacturers encourage operators to apply well established methods, such as dry or water washing, by issuing detailed description of the procedures, time intervals and warnings. Apart from these periodic cleaning methods, mechanical cleaning of the components takes place during overhauls in order to fully retrieve efficiency. During dismantling, deposits on components surface are indicative of the amount of fouling and the effectiveness of the cleaning procedures. While turbocharger maintenance procedures have become a matter of routine by almost all operators, manufacturers give little information about the actual efficiency drop due to fouling as well as the effects that this efficiency deterioration has not only on the turbocharger alone but on the overall engine operation as well. The aim of this thesis is to quantify the fouling of the compressor and the turbine and then define how it affects important engine parameters, such as scavenge pressure and temperature, exhaust pressure and temperature, mass flow, turbocharger rotational speed, etc. The first step is to understand the main mechanisms and influencing parameters of contamination built-up on every turbocharger component. To do this, it is necessary to take into account the engine's working environment and most importantly the properties and contents of fuel oil. Then, the importance of cleaning is pointed out by explaining the results and consequences of fouling on every turbo component. Moreover, the efficiency drop between washings is quantified, in order to be able to study the contamination factor using the thermodynamic engine performance prediction code MOTHER of the NTUA Laboratory of Marine Engineering. The selected simulation engine is the two-stroke, slow speed six-cylinder MITSUI-MAN B&W 6S60MC, coupled with one ABB VTR-564D-32 turbocharger. By modifying the original efficiency curves in compressor turbine maps and inserting the new maps in the engine simulation, the engine is subjected to different fouling conditions. The simulation is repeated for 50%, 75% and 100% engine load to define where fouling results are more pronounced. The different affected turbocharger and engine parameters are investigated, using their percentage change of value and diagrammatic illustration. Finally, an attempt to define how power and specific fuel consumption is affected by turbocharger contamination is made.


We present an implementation of an edge-based strategy together with an iterative adaptive implicit/explicit (AIE) time marching scheme for three-dimensional transport problems. The AIE algorithm treats part of the mesh as implicit and part as explicit, based on some stability and accuracy criteria. The solution of the implicit partition has its speed increased and memory requirements reduced by performing the matrix–vector products, within the iterative solver, edge-by-edge. Numerical examples show that the combined procedures can achieve significantly faster solutions than the usual fully implicit element-by-element approach. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Based on the theory of specific strength and reactive force,we have studied the reactive force in specific strength of the jump event of track and field.For example,we have discussed the common characteristics in technique,reactive force,training process etc.The conclusion is: the reactive force the core in the jump event specific strength training,so the coaches should pay much more attention to it.


Organizing music festivals in tourist destinations has led to the creation of new forms of tourism. The topic of this final work is related to the influence and appearance of music events on the example of the tourist destination of Novalja, which has been dealing with tourism for more than 10 years. The organization of music festivals has many positive effects on social, economic, marketing and other aspects of the destination, Festivals also result in some problems that need to be taken into account and managed so that they do not have negative impacts on the destination and the local population. It is essential for the destination to equally use natural and derived elements of tourist offer and to develop at all levels of management and thereby create a competitive advantage on the market, which is the key to success in dealing with competition. Finally, an analysis of research based on the interviews conducted with the festival organizers and suggestions for solutions to the future development of music festivals and tourism in general in Novalja.


The development of an application that can help the thesis adviser and student construct and recommend thesis titles through the use of Natural Language Processing (NLP) was the primary objective of this study. Resembling the concept of Information Retrieval under Query-Focused Summarization, words except stop words from the related literature and studies of the thesis and its title were used as a training corpus while the words except stop words of chapters one (1), two (2) and three (3) of the thesis or merely the test document acts as the query in the corpus, where it retrieved its weight from both training and test records. The result showed that out of forty-five (45) thesis titles, twentyeight (28) different title formats were constructed by the thesis advisers with the support of the developed application. The advanced application obtained the accuracy score of 1.55 or "Accurate" and quality score of 4.06 or "Good" in fifteen (15) thesis titles. 


Foreign Tourist Satisfaction with Services Quality of ViaVia Travel.
Tourism Departement Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta. The
problem concerning services quality in a company with customers satisfaction
has become an important thing in the service companies, not exception ViaVia
Travel to improve quality of customers satisfaction.
This final report is about Foreign Tourist Satisfaction with Services
Quality of ViaVia Travel. The purpose of this report is to find out the satisfaction
foreign tourists level with quality service from ViaVia Travel. To find out foreign
tourist consumers attitude with ViaVia Travel service. To find out obstacles faced
by ViaVia Travel and their impact for customers. The method used in this final
report is the descriptive qualitative, that is by observing, collecting data,
analyzing, and concluding. Data were obtainedby giving questionares to the
tourists who came over, then observing directly as the internship in ViaVia was
carried out for 3 months.
As a results show that the foreign tourists feel very satisfied with the
quality of services from ViaVia Travel through staff performance, the product
which is offered, tourguide services in guiding and direct tourists. There is impact,
or influence for a customers: foreign tourists want to go back to feel another tours
in the near future. However here, there are few obstacles faced by viavia travel.
There are time availability from tourguide and the occurrence of
misscomunication between staff and tourguide.


There are several methods for starting a complex mechanical system, for example a liquid propellant engine. One of common methods is the use of solid propellant gas generator that is named solid propellant starter. In this method, a solid propellant motor is used for gas generating and leading it towards power generation turbine. The turbine as an active element, rotates one or several pumps for providing propellants with suitable head and rate for consumers such as liquid propellant gas generator and combustion chamber. After moving of pumps and reaching to nominal conditions, the start system stops. Therefore in order to suitable and optimized designing of starter, the essential parameter is taking into account the downstream resistance of system. In a complex system such as a liquid propellant engine, the start system is one of the main and important components of engine and it's operation affects directly on the other components of engine. Therefore the optimized designing of it, has special importance. On the one hand, the selection of solid propellant geometry (grain) that exist in this system, is one of main parameters and the most important function in the process of start system designing, because the geometry of solid propellant is determinant of burning area and consequently the burning pattern of solid propellant. Therefore it is an important factor in determining the performance of starting system. In this paper, the alterations of pressure and thrust of a starter with different solid propellant grains have been simulated and have been compared with experimental results. The very good agreement of theoretical and experimental results indicates that the accuracy of simulation process is excellent.


Most organizations have multiple levels of strategic plans (de Kluyver & Pearce, 2006), one of which is the Information Technology (IT) strategic plan. The alignment of an organization's business strategy with its IT strategy has been a concern of CIOs (Benson & Standing, 2008; Croteau & Bergeron, 2001; Johnston, Muganda, & Theys, 2007; Luftman Kempaiah, & Nash, 2006), CEOs (Armstrong, Chamberlain, Moore, & Hart, 2002; O'Brien & Marakas, 2006), academic researchers (Henderson & Venkatraman, 1999; Kangas, 2003; Pearlson & Saunders, 2004; Reich & Benbasat, 2000), and research companies (Broadbent, 2000; Croteau & Bergeron, 2001; Meta Group, 2001) since the age of vacuum tubes. The Society for Information Management (SIM) studies reveal that 'IT and Business Alignment' was the number one management concern in 2003, 2004 and 2005, and has been one of the top 10 concerns since 1983(Luftman et al., 2006). IT and business strategies should not be separate or aligned; organizations should simply have one business strategy: one organization, one strategy.


On a number of accounts, Hugh LeCaine Agnew's The Czechs and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown is a masterful example of narrative history. Its economy of language (only 330 pages of text), accessibility, judicious selection of events and personalities, and fairness in the interpretation of contentious issues testify to the authorial presence of a confident and skilled historian in command of his sources. One can easily imagine that this book will justly find its way to many a course syllabus. Above all, the strength of its twentieth-century coverage—extending to the challenges of integration into the European Union—makes this work a very suitable text for undergraduate courses in international and European studies as well as in history. The book is marred somewhat by idiosyncrasies, insufficiently examined assumptions, and a certain historiographical conservatism. Its very title, in fact, carries echoes of a claim made more explicitly by Wayne S. Vucinich—editor of the series Studies of Nationalities in which this book appears—in his foreword of this work: that the book is about a people and its land (xv). Implicit in even such a hazy conception as this is the teleological assumption that the Czechs are a nation who has played out its destiny within geopolitical boundaries and that they are the nation destined to do so. In fairness, I should add that Agnew's narrative in many places militates against the limitations of its announced subject, detailing the often conflict-ridden interactions between Czech-speakers and German-speakers over the centuries, the separate fates and identities of Jews in the Crownlands, and—for the twentieth century, at least—the irreconcilable differences that prevented Czechs and Slovaks from consummating a permanent union of their two peoples. And Vucinich, at a later point in his foreword, even suggests that one of the themes of the book is that the idea of a nation-state was ill suited to the Czech lands for reasons of "history, geography, and linguistic variety" (xvii). Perhaps, but the fact remains that the subject of Agnew's survey is not the peoples of the Bohemian Lands; nor is it the Bohemian Lands per se. Rather, it is the cultural and political history of a nationality in its territory. The book is structured, moreover, along rather traditional lines, beginning with the movements of Slavic and Germanic tribes (and even their Celtic predecessors) before the ninth century and progressing steadily in time up to the present. Agnew, also the author of Origins of the Czech National Renascence (Pittsburgh, 1993), an important study of the Czech national renaissance in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, does not deny the modernity of national political programs, but he does assume the long-term stability of ethnic and language groups. Nowhere does he remark on or otherwise critically engage recent scholarship that challenges belief in the existence of stable ethnic categories in Central Europe. See Pieter M. Judson's "Nationalizing Rural Landscapes in Cisleithania, 1880–1914," in Nancy M. Wingfield's Creating the Other (New York, 2003, 127–48); Jeremy King's Budweisers into Czechs and Germans (Princeton, 2002); and Rogers Brubaker's, Ethnicity Without Groups (Cambridge, 2004). Judson's Guardians of the Nation (Cambridge, 2006) has appeared in the years following Agnew's work. One can certainly be skeptical—as I am—of the more extreme claims of the constructivist school of ethnicity and nationalism. But it would be more historically sound, I think, to point out that the connections between Palacký and Václav II, or Masaryk and Hus, were ones of elective affinity rather than to appear to be making a case for identification based on ethnic and historical continuity.


Due to the impermeability of the blood–brain barrier and the nonselective distribution of drugs in the brain, the therapeutic access to intractable neurological disorders is challenging. In this study, dual brain-targeting polymersomes (POs) functionalized by transferrin and Tet-1 peptide (Tf/Tet-1-POs) promoted the transportation of curcumin into the brain and provided neuroprotection. The modification of the ligands that bind to the surface of POs was revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The cell uptake of a coculture model of mouse brain capillary endothelial cells with neurons showed that the Tf/Tet-1-POs had significant transportation properties and possessed affinity for neurons. The pharmacokinetic analysis showed that the blood–brain barrier permeability–surface efficiency of the Tf/Tet-1-POs was 0.28 mL/h/g and that the brain tissue uptake rate (% ID/g) was 0.08, which were significant compared with the controls (P<0.05). The curcumin-encapsulated Tf/Tet-1-POs provided neuroprotection and ameliorated cognitive dysfunction in intrahippocampal amyloid-β1–42-injected mice. These results suggest that the dual brain-targeting POs are more capable of drug delivery to the brain that can be exploited as a multiple noninvasive vehicle for targeting therapeutics.


As technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are becoming ubiquitous, systems adopting these technologies are getting increasingly complex. Digital Twins (DTs) provide comprehensive views on such systems, the data they generate during runtime, as well as their usage and evolution over time. Setting up the required infrastructure to run a Digital Twin is still an ambitious task that involves significant upfront efforts from domain experts, although existing knowledge about the systems, such as engineering models, may be already available for reuse. To address this issue, we present AML4DT, a model-driven framework supporting the development and maintenance of Digital Twin infrastructures by employing AutomationML (AML) models. We automatically establish a connection between systems and their DTs based on dedicated DT models. These DT models are automatically derived from existing AutomationML models, which are produced in the engineering phases of a system. Additionally, to alleviate the maintenance of the DTs, AML4DT facilitates the synchronization of the AutomationML models with the DT infrastructure for several evolution cases. A case study shows the benefits of developing and maintaining DTs based on AutomationML models using the proposed AML4DT framework. For this particular study, the effort of performing the required tasks could be reduced by about 50%.


RATIONALE
Understanding the pathobiology of life-course lung function trajectories that progress to COPD, especially with a rapidly declining phenotype, can inform preventive interventions. Genetic and environmental interactions may contribute to these high-risk trajectories through epigenetic variation Objectives: A pilot to broadly characterise genetic and epigenetic contributions to high-risk trajectories in middle-aged people.

METHODS
Blood genome-wide genetic and epigenetic markers were profiled in 160 donors at 45 years of age from the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study (TAHS). High-risk subjects were selected from three previously published lifetime FEV1 trajectories that together accounted for 75% of COPD prevalence at age 53 years, and were matched to persistently high trajectory controls. Differentially methylated regions and epigenetic age acceleration differences between the groups were examined. The impact of co-morbidities and genetic variants on the observed epigenetic associations were investigated.

RESULTS
Subjects from the high risk FEV1 trajectories exhibited 55 novel regions of epigenetic divergence (FDR < 0.05) at genes related to cellular adhesion and epithelial biology. Current asthma or COPD co-morbidities partially explained these changes. Allelic variation at Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) and other loci was associated with epigenetic changes and linked to lung specific gene expression signatures and COPD/lung function traits in GWAS. Epigenetic age acceleration was independently associated with high-risk trajectories, which was most pronounced in the rapid decline one.

CONCLUSIONS
High risk trajectories that progress to COPD exhibited genetic and epigenetic associations at epithelial and histocompatibility genes as well as accelerated epigenetic ageing.


Multi-converter systems composed of series or parallel connected modular multilevel converters (MMCs) require a means to manage power sharing between the MMCs by balancing the load during operation. Series connected MMCs require proper voltage balancing while parallel connected MMCs require proper current balancing. The paper describes this imbalance phenomenon, illustrates the solution via simulation results, and presents field measurements obtained with a megawatt class medium voltage DC test facility.


Objectives To investigate whether body mass index (BMI) trajectory, lifestyle and reproductive factors are associated with knee pain risk among middle-aged women. Design Prospective study of the Japan Nurses' Health Study (JNHS). Setting The JNHS investigates the health of female nurses in Japan. Biennial follow-up questionnaires are mailed to the participants. Participants The 7434 women aged over 40 years who responded to the 10-year self-administered follow-up questionnaire. Primary outcome measure Self-reported knee pain at the 10-year follow-up was the primary outcome. We analysed BMI (normal or overweight) trajectory data from a baseline survey to the 10-year follow-up survey using group-based trajectory modelling. Exposure measurements were BMI trajectory, BMI at age 18 years, lifestyle variables and reproductive history. Results BMI trajectories from baseline to the 10-year follow-up were divided into four groups: remained normal, remained overweight, gained weight or lost weight. At the 10-year follow-up, 1281 women (17.2%) reported knee pain. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that compared with the remained normal group, multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of knee pain were 1.93 (1.60 to 2.33) for the remained overweight group, 1.60 (1.23 to 2.08) for the gained weight group and 1.40 (0.88 to 2.21) for the lost weight group. The attributable risk percent (95% CI) of the remained overweight group was 48.1% (37.3% to 57.0%) compared with the reference group of remained normal. Alcohol intake at baseline was significantly associated with knee pain. Conclusions The lost weight group had a lower risk than the remained overweight group and the gained weight group and did not carry statistically significant risks for knee pain. Weight reduction and maintaining a normal BMI in middle age was important for preventing knee pain in women.


The purpose of this study has two objectives, namely to find out whether there is a compensation effect on employee performance and the influence of the work environment on employee performance. Researchers took a sample of 75 respondents at PT Bank QNB INDONESIA branch of SCBD using questionnaires. This research method uses SmartPLS. Hypothesis testing conducted in this study is that there is a positive, significant and not significant effect on compensation and work environment on employee performance. Tujuan dari penelitian ini memiliki dua tujuan, yaitu mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh kompensai terhadap kinerja karyawan dan pengaruh lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan .Peneliti mengambil sampel sebanyak 75 responden pada PT Bank QNB INDONESIA cabang SCBD dengan menggunakan kuisioner. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan SmartPLS. Pengujian hipotesis yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh positif, signifikan dan tidak sifgnifikan terhadap kompensasi dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan.


This paper deals with the integration of cost considerations into the technological design process of a product. As an example serves a self-balancing two-wheel scooter. The design process of that scooter is expanded with aspects from the cost-domain so that the design can be enhanced with economic knowledge. Methods of modern software engineering are applied onto classical engineering. For this purpose so called graph-based design languages are used. Through the representation as an UML-model, the realization of interfaces to antecedent and subsequent systems can be eased.


This study was conducted to evaluate if mouse preantral follicles can yield developmentally competent oocytes following culture in serum‐free, defined medium. Donor follicles were obtained from 14‐day‐old B6CBAF1 mice, and cultured in α‐MEM‐Glutamax medium. The replacement of fetal bovine serum with knockout serum replacement (KSR) did not significantly reduce follicle growth or oocyte maturation in vitro, although it significantly reduced the development of oocytes after activation. Regardless of the replacement medium, follicle growth was not influenced by the addition of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). The addition of 100 ng/ml stem cell factor (SCF) to the KSR‐supplemented serum‐free medium significantly stimulated follicle development, which further improved blastocyst formation after oocyte activation. On Day 3 of culture, a significant increase in Bmp7 expression was detected in the SCF‐containing medium compared with the serum‐containing medium, whereas Gdf9 and Amh were increased in the serum‐containing medium. A significant increase in estradiol production was detected under serum‐free conditions, but minimal progesterone secretion was detected throughout the culture period. In conclusion, serum‐free media can be used to optimize ovarian follicle cultures, and the addition of SCF is beneficial for deriving developmentally competent oocytes through follicle culture. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 80: 725–733, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


AIM: To investigate the effects of the dominant-negative IκBα plasmid on the expression of NF-κB and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) after its being transfected into pancreatic carcinoma PC-3 cell line. METHODS: The expression of NF-κB and COX-2 in PC-3 cell line was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The effects of dominant-negative IκBα plasmid transfection on the expression of NF-κB and COX-2 were studied by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. RESULTS: Both NF-κB and COX-2 were expressed in pancreatic carcinoma PC-3 cell line, and the expression of NF-κB and COX-2 were down-regulated in a certain time-independent manner after dominant-negative IκBα plasmid transfection. CONCLUSIONS: The NF-κB and COX-2 are expressed in pancreatic carcinoma PC-3 cell lines. The expression of NF-κB and COX-2 are inhibited by dominant-negative IκBα plasmid, while NF-κB is likely to play an important role in regulating the expression of COX-2.


What is specific about the role of the registered midwife, is that it is not specific. How could it be specific when: • every mother is unique • every labour is unparalleled • every baby is different • every situation is singular? Role descriptions differ because: • practitioner views do not coincide • authors disagree • time moves on • needs, statistics and values change. Roles are dynamic because: • technology demands increased intellectual and psychomotor development • humaneness demands affective and effective co-ordination of care • mortality and morbidity rates demand reduction • money, status and power demand quality.


at present,the business secret legal protection status of our county is in sufficient clear,legal rule of protecting business secret is too disperse,operational is not strong,in the adjustment scope,the related laws and regulations have certain limitation,consummating the legal protection of business secret of our country should learn from the foreign country in the code civil,in the abuse of authority law,in the counter-not improper competition law's business secret protection as well as the legal regulation of special legislation of business secret,making special protection legislation of commerce secret,further strengthen our country industry and commerce administrative organ to the business secret protection,enlarge our country court and the arbitration facilities to the business secret right infringement belief.The enterprise must set up and strengthen business secret this invisible property rights consciousness,perfect the protection mechanism of business secret,clear about the content of security,establish the perfect guard measure.


We establish a general optimization framework for the design of automated bidding agent in dynamic online marketplaces. It optimizes solely for the buyer's interest and is agnostic to the auction mechanism imposed by the seller. As a result, the framework allows, for instance, the joint optimization of a group of ads across multiple platforms each running its own auction format. Bidding strategy derived from this framework automatically guarantees the optimality of budget allocation across ad units and platforms. Common constraints such as budget delivery schedule, return on investments and guaranteed results, directly translates to additional parameters in the bidding formula. We share practical learnings of the deployed bidding system in the LinkedIn ad marketplace based on this framework.


The palmaris longus (PL) tendon can be transferred to the thumb for use in surgical opponensplasty to restore functional hand movements in patients with thenar paralysis. Successful opponensplasty outcomes using the PL tendon have been attributed to an intrinsic synergy of the PL with the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) such that no specific muscular retraining is needed upon tendon transfer. This synergy has been demonstrated electromyographically in which synchronous EMG signals were recorded from the PL and APB during functional thenar movements in healthy young individuals, in vivo. Thus, although an established synergistic relationship between these muscles has been demonstrated, this functional relationship may depend on their spatial relationship and properties of their constituent muscle fibers. The purpose of this study was to compare the proportions of type I and type II muscle fibers in the APB from cadaveric muscle based on its contiguous morphological relationship with the PL tendon for further insight into their functional synergy, contractile capacity and digastric arrangement.