Water depth has significant effects on sound propagation in underwater. A deep-water propagation experiment along two different tracks with the flat and uneven bottoms was conducted in the South China Sea in 2014. Some different propagation phenomena and horizontal-longitudinal correlations oscillation patterns were observed. Due to the reflection-blockage effects by a sea hill with height less than 1/10 water depth, transmission losses increase up to about 8 dB in the reflection area of the sea hill than that of flat bottom. Moreover, there is an inverted-triangle shadow zone with a maximal depth of 1500 m below the sea surface. The horizontal-longitudinal correlations in the reflection area of the sea hill do not show an obvious cyclical oscillation any longer as that in flat bottom environment. The differences of the transmission losses and the horizontal-longitudinal correlations oscillation patterns are explained by using the ray theory. [Work supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of C...


portion of the reservoir of infection.·· s A recent survey in the Bungeni area of north-western Gazankulu in the Northern Transvaal" indicated that trachoma was holo-endemic, but that only 25'% of the population could be considered as having intense upper tarsal disease.' The highest prevalence of intense disease and of positive chlamydiaI cultures was found in children of preschool age. Cases of intense disease tend to aggre gate within certain households. These findings confirmed the intrafamilial spread of trachoma and indicated that


Ten distinct and phylogenetically diverse bacterial strains able to produce urease constitutively, even in the presence of high levels of ammonia, were isolated. Each isolate was characterized with respect to morphology, growth conditions, 16S rRNA sequence identity and the urease specific activity each isolate was measured. At least one bacteria that was able to hydrolyze urea in the presence of high concentration of ammonia was isolated from each soil tested. These results indicate that constitutive production of urease is a common trait in soil bacteria. This makes the general application of biomineralization process based on stimulation of urea hydrolysis possible and potentially useful for a variety of soil bioengineering and environmental bioremediation applications.


Latin America is going through an economic revolution. Formerly protectionist economies from Argentina to Mexico are turning to the market in a desperate search for growth and prosperity. Duncan Green traces the roots of this transformation in the debt crisis, subsequent International Monetary Fund austerity policies, and the failure of state-led economies in Latin America and elsewhere. He contrasts the new model's mixed macroeconomic record with its devastating impact on the poor following the search for more effective and just alternatives to what has become an economic model enshrined as the new "common sense" in the region. This work combines first-hand accounts of neoliberalism in action, from fruit pickers in Chile to Mexican stockbrokers, with a clear presentation for the non-specialist reader of the economic issues at stake.


The purposes of this st~dy were to evaluate the diets of preschool children in selected kindergartens of Knox County, Tenn~ssee; to determine the bone densities and other parameter~ of growth of these ch~ldren; and to study the relationships tha~ exist between diet and these measurements. The subjects for the study were 142 children enrolled in four Head Start centers and two private preschools tn the Knoxville area. Height, weight, and bone density measurements of the phalanx 5-2 were determined for the children, and seven-day dietary records were obtained for them. The bone density measurements were done by the direct scan technique using x-rays. Food records were kept in terms of common household measures and were later ~onverted to grams. Individual nutrients including calories, protein, calcium, iron, vi~amin A, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, and ascorbic acid were calcula~ed by computer. Results of the study showed that the Head Start lunches provided more than the required 1/3 of the Recommended Dietary Allowances for preschool children, but the lunches of a private preschool made much smaller contributions to the total day's intake. Of all the children in the study, 35.3% had daily intakes of less than 2/3 of the Reconunended Dietary Allowances of one or more nutrients, Otber children might have fallen into this category had they not been taking vitamin or iron supplements. Iron was the nutrient most often defi~ient in the diets of


An LED drive device is provided to miniaturize a configuration of a circuit using separate devices and chips, to reduce a manufacturing cost and a failure occurrence rate by integrating all types of structural elements such as a DC/DC converter, a constant current controller, and a control logic necessary to drive an LED. An LED drive device includes a DC/DC converter(11), a switching unit, a constant current controller(12), a control logic(13), and a wireless communication protocol unit(14). The DC/DC converter converts and outputs an external input direct current voltage into a drive voltage having a size suitable to drive a plurality of LED arrays. The switching unit has a plurality of switches connected to respective one ends of the plural LED arrays to on/off an electric current flowing through plural LED arrays. The constant current controller receives a feedback of at least one of electric current information flowing through the LED arrays and voltage information applied to the LED arrays and PWM-controls a switching duty of a switch included in the DC/DC converter to maintaining an amplitude of a drive voltage constant. The control logic receives a control signal from a user and controls a PWM controller according to the control signal. The wireless communication protocol unit receives the control signal of wireless signal format through input terminals(T12,T13), converts the control signal into a signal the control logic can receive, and then provides the control logic with the converted signal.


The present research is focused on investigating the phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of Aegialitis rotundifolia Roxb. leaf. Different solvent extracts of A. rotundifolia Roxb. leaves are screened for secondary metabolites by qualitative and quantitative analysis. The resultant phytochemical screening proves that the plant leaves consist of various secondary metabolites. The quantitative analysis proves that phenolic compounds and flavonoids are dominant among them. Four different antioxidant activity methods, namely, ABTS radical scavenging activity, phosphomolybdate assay, peroxide activity and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power), are used for assessing the activity of the leaf extract. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the leaf have high potency of antioxidant activity and reported dose-dependent activity. Similar promising antioxidant results are also reported for ABTS radical scavenging activity (82.4% reduction at 200 µg mL-1 of ethanol and 90.0% reduction at 200 µg mL-1 of aqueous extract), phosphomolybdate assay (82.4% reduction at 200 µg mL-1 of ethanol and 74.5 % reduction at 200 µg mL-1 of aqueous extract) and peroxide activity (92.1 % reduction at 200 µg mL-1 of ethanol and 93.1 % reduction at 200 µg mL-1 of aqueous extract). The antioxidant activity reported with ethanol (157.4 mmol Fe2+/g) and aqueous extract (129.8 mmol Fe2+/g) was also studied by analyzing with FRAP reduction. The obtained findings confirmed the high antioxidant activity of plant leaf extract and its application for pharmacological activity.


Purpose: To establish a time-proven "gold standard" in modified osteoodontokeratoprosthesis (OOKP) surgery. Methods: The OOKP is the procedure of choice for restoring sight in patients with corneal blindness caused by end-stage ocular surface disease not amenable to penetrating keratoplasty. Members of the OOKP Study Group met in Rome, Italy in 2001 and Vienna, Austria in 2002 to discuss indications and contraindications, patient selection, surgical technique, postoperative care, and recognition and management of complications of OOKP surgery according to Strampelli and modified by Falcinelli. Results: Falcinelli's modification of Strampelli's technique of OOKP surgery remains the gold standard as far as visual and keratoprosthesis-retention results are concerned. The agreement on indications and contraindications, patient selection, surgical technique, postoperative care, and recognition and management of complications of this technique of OOKP surgery is summarized in the text of this manuscript. Conclusion: This standard technique of modified OOKP surgery, where adequately performed, is capable of providing excellent anatomic and functional results even in the long term. In patients with corneal blindness untreatable by other approaches, we strongly recommend this technique for visual rehabilitation. Students of OOKP surgery should become familiar with the protocol described in this paper before subjecting the technique to further modifications.


the e ff ect on the welfare of each person in society (in terms of utilities, goods, or money) of the introduction of alternative economic organisations. For only if we have such data can we rank all existing and future economic possibilities and pronounce some to be socially superior to others. Although one can always claim that 'useful insights' have emerged from the attempts to construct theoretical social welfare functions, the belief that they can ever by translated into useful economic advice is chimerical. In contrast, the more pedestrian welfare criteria, although analyzed in abstract terms, can be translated into practical propositions. Modern societies do seek to rank projects or policies by some criterion of economic e ffi ciency and to take account also of distributional consequences.


ABSTRACT The routing and scheduling for trucks and vans in an urban road network depends critically on the state of the road network. Trucks and vans impose significant costs on other road users and the environment, so improved routing and scheduling benefits more than just the logistics industry. However, small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in the logistics business cannot justify investment in planning systems. In this paper, an autonomous routing and scheduling system which is available to SMEs is proposed and the efficiency of the system is investigated. The proposed system accumulates vehicle location data in a central server and uses it to generate traffic information. Test simulations using a grid network demonstrate the effects of utilizing and sharing vehicle location data on delivery efficiency. The simulation results show that the improvement of delivery efficiency is mainly due to the reduction of penalty cost for early and late arrival at the customer location. It is also shown that the system leads to the buffer effect from variations in traffic conditions on delivery cost and this effect is enhanced by taking travel time uncertainty into consideration. It is further shown that the presence of measurement periods with insufficient data results in unreliable routing and scheduling. For a reliable system, data collection over a wider area is required rather than dense data in a subset of links.


Flat plate structures which vibrate in their plane, such as shear wall buildings, can be analysed by dividing the plate up into an assemblage of two-dimensional finite elements, called membrane elements. The most common shapes of element used are triangles, rectangles and quadrilaterals. These elements can also be used to analyse the low frequency vibrations of complex shell-type structures such as aircraft and ships. In these cases the membrane action of the walls of the structures are more predominant than the bending action. In Chapter 3 it is shown that in order to satisfy the convergence criteria, the element displacement functions should be derived from complete polynomials. In one dimension the polynomial terms are 1, x , x 2 , x 3 ,…, etc. Complete polynomials in two variables, x and y , can be generated using Pascal's triangle, as shown in Figure 4.1. Node points are normally situated at the vertices of the element, although additional ones are sometimes situated along the sides of the element in order to increase accuracy. (This technique is analogous to having additional node points along the length of a one-dimensional element, as described in Section 3.8.) When two adjacent elements are joined together, they are attached at their node points. The nodal degrees of freedom and element displacement functions should be chosen to ensure that the elements are conforming, that is, the displacement functions and their derivatives up to order ( p − 1), are continuous at every point on the common boundary (see Section 3.2). In some cases it is not possible to achieve the necessary continuity using complete polynomials [4.1, 4.2]. This is overcome by using some additional terms of higher degree. When selecting these terms care should be taken to ensure that the displacement pattern is independent of the direction of the coordinate axes. This property is known as geometric invariance. For the two-dimensional case, the additional terms should be chosen in pairs, one from either side of the axis of symmetry in Figure 4.1. As an example, consider the derivation of a quadratic model with eight terms. Selecting all the constant, linear and quadratic terms plus the x 2 y and xy 2 terms, produces a function which is quadratic in x along y = constant and quadratic in y along x = constant. Thus the deformation pattern will be the same whatever the orientation of the axes. This would not be true if the terms x 3 and x 2 y had been selected. In this case the function is cubic in x along y = constant and quadratic in y along x = constant. Therefore, the deformation pattern depends upon the orientation of the axes. Note that complete polynomials are invariant.


Introduction Hydrogen spillover refers to the diffusion of surface hydrogen species from metal sites where they are produced by the dissociation of hydrogen molecules to an oxide support that has no activity for dissociative hydrogen adsorption. While the phenomenon of hydrogen spillover has been demonstrated experimentally, there still exist some ambiguities as to whether or not the spillover hydrogen species can produce substantial catalytic effects on the support, and enhance the chemical reactions. An impressive positive example of hydrogen spillover was given by Ohgoshi et al. The authors investigated isobutylene hydrogenation over Pt/KA-zeolite and Pt/KA-zeolite mixed with NaY zeolite. Pt/KA-zeolite and NaY both had negligible hydrogenation activity because isobutylene is too large to access the metal sites inside the zeolite pores, and H2 cannot be activated on NaY zeolite. However, a 93% yield on isobutane was obtained over a hybrid catalyst. Clearly, hydrogen was activated on the Pt/KAzeolite, and the resulting hydrogen species spilt over to the NaY zeolite where isobutylene was hydrogenated. Contrary to these findings, in a study of hydrogenation and deuterium exchange of ethylenebenzene by spilt-over hydrogen over a Pt/NaA-zeolite and H-USY system, Miller and Pei observed that spillover hydrogen resulted in only isotopic exchange, but not aromatics saturation. The present work examines the effect of hydrogen spillover during hydrogenation of 1-hexene and naphthalene over several catalysts such as Pt/KA-zeolite, Pt/RHO and Pt/CMS (carbon molecular sieve). Our results show for the first time the contribution of hydrogen spillover to these reactions when the catalysts were mixed H-Y zeolite.


This paper reviews the last 20 years developments of indole ring synthesis in the fields of sigmatropic rearrangement, nucleophilic cyclization, electrophilic cyclization, reductive cyclization, oxidative cyclization, radical cyclization, cycloaddition and photocyclization.


Future Directions for Online Learning. Learner Intent and Online Learning. An Emerging Hybrid Model for Interactive Online Learning. Assessment in Online Learning: Are Students Really Learning?. Authentic Assessment Through Problem Based Learning in the Online Environment. Collaborating on an Interactive Online Study Guide. Using Narrative Strategies to Enhance Interactivity Online. Enhancing Elementary Teachers' Understanding of Inquiry. Teaching and Learning Using Online Scientific Discourse. Collaborative Learning Environments Across the Internet. Problem Solving and Coping Strategies Used in an Online Learning Environment. Concept Mapping and E-Learning: A Pathway Toward Thinking Dispositions.


The coupling of reversible ammoniation reactions between two salts presents a method for the exploitation of low grade waste heat. This resorption configuration can be used for thermal transformation or heat pumping, to recover waste heat to primary producers, or for integration in heat networks. To understand the solid/gas reaction behaviour and to model its kinetics, Large Temperature Jump (LTJ) experiments were performed on a composite of barium chloride in an expanded natural graphite (ENG) matrix. A model has been built using a semi-empirical equation from the literature, which has been validated with the LTJ results. The results suggest the semi-empirical model provides a reasonable prediction for solid/gas reactions once the constants have been identified. Enhancing the model to handle sequential phase change reactions will enable a wide number of salts to be modelled, making the design of a resorption system practicable.


For centuries man has used lights to attract and concentrate fishes near the sea surface to aid their capture by nets or hooks (Ben-Yami, 1982). Underwater lights lowered into shallow seas are now regularly used to lure fish into set nets, large nets suspended beneath ships or into the vicinity of powerful pumps (Sidelnicov, 1981; Andreev, 1962; Nikonorov, 1969). Usually lights of more than 1 kw are used and such power requires a surface generator and strong insulated cable from the surface to the light. Although we know from these applications that some fish species are attracted by lights, the use of lights on trawls has not been developed for commercial exploitation or for research sampling. Perhaps such development has been discouraged by the safety problem and technical difficulties of providing electrical power on deck and handling heavily insulated conducting cable between the trawl and the generator. Lights have been used on commercial trawls with television in experiments to study fish reaction to trawls but such experiments were not concerned with finding the effect that lights might have on the quantity of fish caught and catches have not been analysed (A. Maclntyre, personal communication).


next. Through her unique ethnographic study, Miller-Day is able to venture beyond the traditional social myth that places mothers at the root of daughters' oppression. Instead, she creates a scholarly, balanced, and compassionate portrayal of the complexities of maternal relationships. Throughout this book's seven chapters, an exploration of women's narratives about maternal relationships is nestled within a solid framework of qualitative methodology and relational theory (Jordan, 1993; Surrey, 1993). Interviews with 18 women in six families about their grandmother–mother–daughter relationships serve as the data for this study. Using a qualitative method that values the complexity of voice, Miller-Day analyzed the narratives by seeking commonalities of experience. Specifically, managing relational contradictions emerged as very salient to understanding the maternal relationships in Elkwood. Thus, Miller-Day uses a dialectical perspective to describe and organize the common contradictions in mother–daughter relationships. These contradictions, termed conventional dialectics, are also common across other types of personal relationships and include: stability–change; connection–separation; open–closed; real–ideal; and powerful–powerless (Conville, 1998). In addition, the author identifies typical communication patterns or scripts that distinguish positive (i.e., connected) versus negative (i.e., enmeshed) maternal relationships. Given the vast potential for cultural and individual differences in maternal relationships, I found myself reading with amazement at how relevant and universal these dialectics and scripts seemed to be. Still, I wished for some discussion of social and/or cultural influences on women's communication with their mothers and daughters. Although not the author's expressed goal, such a discussion would help place maternal relationships in cultural context—something that is often missing in traditional theories based on the maternal relationships of Euro American women. An appreciation of this book depends on readers' comfort with qualitative research methodology. For example, critics of qualitative approaches might be bothered by the small sample size (the study was based on a sample of 18 women) and homogeneity of the participants (all were Caucasian women living in the Midwest). On the other hand, the study offers rich and detailed accounts of participants' experiences that cannot be matched in quantitative investigations. For example, participant quotations incorporated by the author in her exploration of mother– daughter ties depict both positive and destructive elements of communication and their relational consequences. The nuances in mother–daughter communication and their impact on maternal bonds would be nearly impossible to capture via traditional methodology. In sum, Miller-Day presents a theoretically rich analysis of maternal relationships in an engaging and easily digested format. This book is appropriate reading for a wide audience. Quantitatively oriented researchers of maternal relationships may benefit from hearing the voices of their subjects in context and perhaps will consider new empirical questions as a result. Students and scholars new to qualitative research will find this work an excellent introduction, providing useful information about both the process and product of this approach. The entire book would be a worthwhile assignment for undergraduate and graduate students; however, individual chapters can stand alone. They would make excellent supplementary readings for graduate courses in women's studies, the psychology of women, family systems, adult development, and qualitative research methodology. Moreover, the book may be useful to clinicians. Although this book does not offer specific advice to helping professionals, it provides relevant insight into the dynamics at work in women's formative relationships. Communication Among Grandmothers, Mothers, and Daughters causes one to think about her relationships in new ways. Long after I finished reading this book, I found myself reflecting back on it, and wanting to discuss it with others. To me these are the hallmarks of a book well worth reading.


In order to study the overfitting of BP neural network, a general uncertainty relation between the change of weighted value representing learning ability and the discrimination error of untraining sample sets representing generalization ability is revealed in the modeling of BP neural network by the analogy of general uncertainty relation in information transmitting process. Tests of numerical simulation for various of complicated functions are carried out to determine the value distribution (1×10\{-5\}~5×10\{-4\})of overfitting parameter in the uncertainty relation. Based on the uncertainty relation, the overfitting in the training process of given sample sets using BP network can be avoided.\;


This systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses guide lines ( Appendix S1). We searched for studies published before January 2022 using the terms "coronavirus," "COVID- 19," and "skin disease." Patients who developed a new- onset rash shortly after COVID diagnosis and whose rash was still persistent after resolu tion of the COVID- 19 infection (negative COVID- 19 tests/positive immunoglobulin G for COVID- 19) were defined as patients with new- onset skin diseases. In cases without repeated COVID- 19 tests available, patients with new and persistent skin rashes for ≥4 weeks after the COVID- 19 diagnosis were included. The other group con sisted of patients with existing skin diseases that were exacerbated after COVID- 19 infection. 1– 3 In all, 13 potentially relevant articles were included (PubMed 3855, Embase Scopus After applying the selection criteria, 65 articles were reviewed (52 case reports, case and five cross- sectional 345 cases, 325 developed new-onset skin diseases, while 20 had pre- existing skin disease With the onset skin diseases, early as 14 days before or as late as 210 days after the COVID- 19 The most was hair disorders mean of the hair disorders 47.0 ± 7.6 female predominance ance


The fracture toughnesses of high value were studied from both theory and experiment, which were from standard samples and were not satisfied with the effective condition of J integrate value. After analyzing the effective of J integrate, the dimensions of samples, the conception of J integrate and J R resistance curve, it was concluded that these high values of J integrate were worthy of the theoretical studies and engineering applications.


SUMMARY This paper demonstrates that integer programming can be used as a formulation and solution technique for designing efficient production lines by allocating tasks to multiple manned work stations. The paper considers a formulation of the problem by Shtub and reformulates it in a more straightforward way.


Abstract The paper discusses the work from home (WFH) phenomenon during the Covid-19 pandemic and aspects related to teamwork performance for the case of companies operating in Romania in knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). The paper presents the results of an exploratory investigation based on semi-structured in-depth interviews addressing the effects induced by the intensive WFH on teamwork, teamwork performance, and transactive memory systems (TMS) in the investigated KIBS, during the Covid-19 pandemic. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part presents the purpose of the investigation and the context, introducing the concepts and literature. The second part presents the research method and findings. The third part discusses the research results, indicating that the mandatory WFH imposed by the Covid-19 outbreak has disrupted the coordination between teammates, eroding TMS operation and the level of teamwork performance. The paper concludes on the strong link between teamwork performance during the mandatory WFH period and the presence of TMS reflected by specialization, credibility, and coordination within the team.


Abstract Drawing from ethnographic data from 48 households in four villages in rural Anhui, this study explores how two practices known for upholding son preference are affected by rural–urban out-migration, with a particular focus on the division of labour in agricultural work and patrilocality. The study deploys the concepts of an intergenerational contract and the "unsubstitutability" of sons and finds that a weakening of the intergenerational contract can take place without substantially challenging the unsubstitutability of sons. The study concludes that although male out-migration undermines the argument that sons are needed to secure male manual labour in family farming, the vital role of male labour as a rural livelihood strategy largely persists. Moreover, although the study identifies migration-induced exceptions, patrilocality remains the main organizing principle for social and economic life for both male and female migrants. Hence, the study finds little support for the prospect that migration is attenuating son preference in rural China. 摘要 基于对安徽农村地区四个村庄的 48 个家庭的调查, 本研究旨在探讨农业劳动人口向城市外迁的现象如何影响了农业劳动分工和 "从夫居" 这两种导致男孩偏好传统的实践。文章围绕 "代际间合约" 与儿子的 "不可替代性" 这两个概念展开讨论, 发现代际间合约可以在儿子的 "不可替代性" 不发生显著变化的情况下被弱化。本文结论是尽管农村男性外迁削弱了 "农村依靠儿子来保证家庭农业生产的人力资源" 这一论断, 但男性劳动力作为农村家庭营生策略的重要地位没有被动摇。此外, 尽管出现了由外迁导致的例外情况, 但 "从夫居" 仍然是向城市外迁的男性和女性在经济社会生活中遵循的基本原则。因此, 农业劳动人口向城市外迁并不构成弱化中国农村 "男孩偏好" 传统的主要因素。


Data from randomized controlled trials demonstrated similar results between carotid artery stenting (CAS) and carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in terms of neurological events between 30 days and 4 years. Significant differences remain in early neurological outcomes from 0 to 30 days. Compared with CEA, CAS is associated with significant improved chance of any stroke [relative risk (RR), 1.45] and diminished risk of periprocedural myocardial infarction (RR, 0.43), and nonsignificant increase in mortality (RR, 1.40) at 30 days.


The article unprecedentedly asserts the application of ant colony optimization neural network in data process of bio-information.To improve the precision and efficiency for virtual speed prediction of bilmimetic robotic horse,an ant colony optimization neural network model which is the combination of ant colony algorithm and neural network is proposed based on the character of biomimetic robotic horse,and the virtual speed of bilmimetic robotic horse can be predicted via the varying of the human physiology.The experiment demonstrates that compare with the simple BP neural network,the neural network optimized by the ant colony algorithm greatly improved in the predicting accuracy and constringency, furthermore,and it is effective applicable to overcome the local optimization that BP bring about.


Analysis of pore size distributions based on crystalline representations of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) featuring hierarchical pore systems, DUT-32, DUT-75, UMCM-1 and NU-1000, is presented here and leveraged to understand gas...


Objective To investigate the clinical value of velocity vector imaging(VVI) technique in assessment of fetal cardiac function.Methods The study included 90 fetuses of normal pregnancy,they were divided into Ⅰgroup(18~23+6gestational weeks),Ⅱ group(24~27+6gestational weeks),Ⅲ group(28~31+6gestational weels),Ⅳ group(32~35+6gestational weeks)and Ⅴ group(36~40+1gestational weeks).Digital dynamic four-chamber images were collected,then the left ventricular longitudinal indexes were measured,the changes of each index was observed.Results Peak systolic velocity(Vs) and peak diastolic velocity(Vd) were gradually decreased from the base segment to the apical segment(P0.05),while there was no significant difference of systolic maximum rate(S),systolic maximum strain rate(SRs) and diastolic maximum strain rate(SRd) among all segments in each group(P0.05).Vs and Vd were increased with the increase of gestational weeks,while there was no significant difference among S,SRs and SRd(P0.05) with the gestational weeks.Conclusion VVI technique can quantitatively assess regional and global function of fetal left ventricle,it provides a new useful modality for evaluating fetal cardiac function.


Shoulder pain represents a significant burden of disease in the general population, yet there is a lack of evidence about the effectiveness of routinely used interventions. Current management of 'painful arc' of the shoulder in Primary Care is not evidence-based. Over a six-month period patients with 'painful arc' of less than six months duration were recruited via their GPs. Eligible patients were consented to enter the trial and were then randomised, by sealed envelopes, to one of four arms of the study: control (normal analgesia and/or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication), a specified and repeatable Exercise and Manual Therapy Package (EMTP), a course of up to three subacromial steroid injections or both the EMTP and the steroid injections. The interventions and clinic follow-ups were over an 18-week period. A final postal questionnaire was sent out at one year. The progress of the patients was monitored using the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) and the SF36 general health questionnaire. Seventy-nine GPs referred 186 patients, of whom 112 were randomised (Control=27, EMTP=29, Injections=28, Both=28). 64 patients were female and 48 male. The mean age was 54.5 years (range 23-88 years). Ninety patients completed the trial (Control=20, EMTP=22, Injections=26, Both=22). Sixty-two returned the follow-up questionnaire. By paired sample t-tests, no significant differences were found between the OSS scores or SF-36 (physical health total) at the beginning and end of the intervention period, or at one year, in any group. There were no differences in changes in scores between groups. Two patients in the injection group went on to surgery, along with one each in the control and EMTP groups. We have found no significant differences in outcome between steroid injections, a physiotherapy package, both treatments, or symptomatic treatment in our group of patients presenting with symptoms of painful arc of the shoulder.


Space-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is very useful due to the whole-day-work capability, which has been widely used in earthquake damage assessment and rescue. This paper presents a novel method for earthquake damage assessment by using multi-angle SAR images. The scatter of building, especially for the damaged buildings, will change with the elevation angle and squint angle, which means a serious lack of information. In order to get more information, the multi-angle SAR images should be obtained. Moreover, a fast and accurate image information algorithm should be used. Furthermore, image geometry correction is realized in slant range plane. After correction operation, fusion operation is implemented. Finally, the simulation results justify the proposed method.


[Objective] To explore the adjustment effect of compound tea on blood-lipid in hyperlipidmia rats. [Method] 48 female SD rats of 2 months old were divided randomly into 6 groups by body weight: control group (A), Hyperlipidemia model group (B), compound tea group (high, middle and low dose as C, D, E ) and Wulong tea group (F) and intervention tests were carried out. [Results] After 2 months, the weight of group B was higher than group A (P0.05). The weights of group C, D, E and F were lower than of group B (P0.05). The content of serum total cholesterol (CT) and triglyceride (TG) of group B were higher and high density lipoprotein (HDL) was lower than that of group A (P0.05). CT and TG of group C and D were lower and HDL-C was higher than group B (P0.05). Hepatic Lipase activities of group C and D were higher than group B and the fat content in feces was increased (P0.05). [Conclusion] The adjustment effect of Wulong tea on blood-lipid is similar with compound tea in middle dose and the Hyperlipidemia activities and total fat in feces are higher than Hyperlipidemia model group.


It is one of the most important tasks for the China national sports genernal administration and provincial sports genernal adminsitration to prepare for the coming 27 th Olympic Game in Australia and 9 th National Games of China.It will be the common expectation for the Chinese whole nation to prepare well and get excellent performances in 27 th Olympic Game and 9 th National Games.The author of this paper tries to find out the influences to the competitive pattern of Olympic Games and Asian Games as well as National Games of China since great change has been taken place both in domestic and abroad based on the database of 24 th ,25 th and 26 th Olympic Games,10 th ,11 th and 12 th Asian Games as well as all National Games of China.


It has been often considered that the dissipative collapse caused by a merger of two gas-rich galaxies is responsible for the intense nuclear starbursts or the nonthermal quasar activity in ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIGs) because of the efficient fueling induced by it. It is also widely known that ULIGs are often found in merging systems. Some ULIGs, such as Arp 220, show two compact starburst regions that are considered to be associated with two galactic nuclei in the process of merging. However, since a merger between two galaxies may make only one compact starburst region, we suggest the possibility that double-nucleus ULIGs are composed of two merging nuclei, each of which contains a pair of galactic nuclei.


The cell wall‐less prokaryote Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes tracheobronchitis and primary atypical pneumonia in humans. Colonization of the respiratory epithelium requires proper assembly of a complex, multifunctional, polar terminal organelle. Loss of a predicted J‐domain protein also having domains unique to mycoplasma terminal organelle proteins (TopJ) resulted in a non‐motile, adherence‐deficient phenotype. J‐domain proteins typically stimulate ATPase activity of Hsp70 chaperones to bind nascent peptides for proper folding, translocation or macromolecular assembly, or to resolve stress‐induced protein aggregates. By Western immunoblotting all defined terminal organelle proteins examined except protein P24 remained at wild‐type levels in the topJ mutant; previous studies established that P24 is required for normal initiation of terminal organelle formation. Nevertheless, terminal organelle proteins P1, P30, HMW1 and P41 failed to localize to a cell pole, and when evaluated quantitatively, P30 and HMW1 foci were undetectable in >40% of cells. Complementation of the topJ mutant with the recombinant wild‐type topJ allele largely restored terminal organelle development, gliding motility and cytadherence. We propose that this J‐domain protein, which localizes to the base of the terminal organelle in wild‐type M. pneumoniae, functions in the late stages of assembly, positioning, or both, of nascent terminal organelles.


The algorithms for the prediction of insertion sites in any organism are formulated and the generalized architecture of our software system is explained in this Chapter. As discussed earlier, a major proportion of most eukaryotic genomes consists of DNA of unknown function (as compared, say, to regulatory or coding DNA). Much of this so-called junk DNA is repetitive in nature, namely it consists of simple or complex motifs in a large number of copies. It should also be pointed out that the term "junk" is no longer used in a dismissive manner, and the viewpoint has changed in context of many studies (see Chapter 1) that have seen both that such DNA is conserved and that specific regulatory functions can be associated with it. It is difficult to rationalize why such noncoding regions are not eliminated during the course of evolution if they provide no selective advantage or biological function. Indeed the proportion of such DNA is observed to increase from lower eukaryotes to higher eukaryotes. Repetitive DNA -and especially mobile genetic elements (MGEs)must have well-defined functions in the genome (see Section 1.1.3). A prime challenge in current genomic studies is the accurate annotation of genomes with regard to locating genes, identifying promoters, CpG islands, repeats and indeed all significant features that could have biological consequence. This has been a longstanding problem and there are a host of computational approaches, many of which have been translated into software tools (Birney et al 2006, Vallenet et al 2006, Meyer et al 2003, Sakata et al 2002) for the complete annotation of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. For well-classified entities such as protein coding regions and repetitive DNA, many computational techniques


We report on the development of a source of ultra-narrow-band photon pairs using the cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down conversion. The photon-pair source has a bandwidth of 265 ± 15 kHz at 606 nm and a spectral brightness of 216 ± 5 pairs/(s · mW · MHz) per longitudinal mode, which could be suitable for Pr3+ ion-based solid-state quantum memories.


Introduction: COVID-19, a novel coronavirus disease, appeared in December 2019 in China and rapidly spread across the world. Till second week of April 2020, high incidence (2.9/100,000) and cases fatality rates (1.7%) has been observed. During an epidemic, CFR is considered as an important indicator of disease severity. This study was conducted to estimate the temporal and spatial distribution of first 100 deaths attributed to COVID-19 in Pakistan and to determine the associated demographic factors

Method: We conducted an epidemiological analysis of first 100 deaths reported among RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 cases. Demographic, epidemiological and risk factors information was obtained along with history of travel. The overall case fatality rate was calculated and spatial and temporal trends of CFR were determined. Associated comorbidities and clinical signs and symptoms were recorded and frequencies were determined.

Results: A total of 100 mortalities with overall Case Fatality Rate 1.67% (CFR) were analysed. Median age of patients was 64.5 years (IQR: 54-70) with 75% (n=75) Males. Among all deaths reported, 71 (71%) cases had one or more documented comorbidities at the time of diagnosis. Most frequently reported co-morbidities were; hypertension (67 %), followed by Diabetes Mellitus 945%) and Ischemic Heart Diseases (27%). First death was reported on 18 March 2020 and the most frequent presenting symptoms were shortness of breath (87%) and fever (79%). Median duration of illness was eight days (IQR: 4-11 days), median delay reaching hospital to seek health care was three days (IQR: 0-6 days) while median duration of hospital stay was also three days (IQR: 1-7 days). Among all reported deaths, 62% were attributed to local transmission as these cases had no history of international travel. The most affected age group was 60-69 years while no death reported in age group below 20 years. Highest case fatality rate was observed in Khyber Pakhtoon Khwa (KP) province (4.39%) and no deaths reported from Azad Jammu and Kashmir region.

Conclusion: High CFR among old age group and its association with co-morbidities (chronic disease) suggests targeted interventions such as social distancing and strict quarantine measure for elderly and morbid people. Comparative studies among deaths and recovered patients are recommended to explore further disease dynamics.

Funding Statement: This study was not funded by any organization.

Declaration of Interests: Authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics Approval Statement: Study was approved by the National Institute of health's ethical review board and was exempted from written informed consent by the same.


Characterized by three parameters, the Weibull extension distribution is introduced by Xie et al. as a generalization of the classical Weibull distribution. In this article, we are interested in the construction of modified chi-squared goodness-of-fit tests for both an accelerated failure time and Cox proportional hazards models with the Weibull extension distribution as the baseline distribution. We use the technique introduced by Bagdonavicius and Nikulin for right-censored samples. Besides an important simulation study, the obtained results are applied to illustrative examples from real data sets.


According to the security management requirements to the rated mobile storage medium, a novel mobile storage medium security management architecture instanced by the U disk was proposed, which based on the USB and MSC specification. The unique identification was composed of VID, PID and hardware serial number. The scheme of USB medium management was provided, which based on the CY7C67300 EZ-HOST microprocessor. Through the USB enumeration the unique identifier information of U disk was obtained and it was displayed on the hyperterm program. The test results show that the unique information and identification method can be used for mobile storage medium security management system, so that rated mobile storage media were under real-time surveillance and control, which greatly reduced the confidential information leakage risk.


Mammalian hard keratin is found as the principal constituent of a variety of homologous tissues, namely bair, hoof, claw, nail, quill, horn and baleen. Although functionally diverse and having a remarkably variable amino acid composition, particularly in respect to eystine, glycine and tyrosine, these keratins are nevertheless built to a conmion plan, having aligned filaments (microfihrila) of about 7 0 nm diameter embedded in a non-filamentous matrix (Fraser, MaoHae and Rogers, 1972). The whole structure is stabilized and insolnbilized at a late stage in biosynthesis by cross-linking In three dimensions by the formation of tUsulpliide bonds through a copper-catalysed oxidation of cysteinyl residues in the protein chains (Marston, 1946). This oxidation is a critical stej) in the maturation of keratin, for these cross-links provide the fibre with much of the mechanical strength essential for its role as a structural prottun. Currently it is thought that the filaments are composed of proteins wliich are lower in sulphur content (low-sul[)hur proteins) than the parent keratin, whereas the matrix contains two groups of unusual proteins, one very rich in cystine (high-sulphur proteins), the other rich in glycine and tyrosine (high-tyrosine proteins) (Praser, Gillespie and MacEae, 1973).


Exposure to high temperatures (40–60 °C) over several days to months (simulating summer soil conditions) or to extremely high temperatures (80–120 °C) for periods ranging from minutes to several days (simulating the heat of an extreme fire) promoted germination in five (including one legume species) of the seven species tested from southwestern Australia. Heat, a collective term for high temperature (HT) and extremely high temperature (EHT), has previously been used to promote germination in species with impermeable seed coats (many of which are legumes). If heat is found to promote germination in species with permeable seed coats, it could be of use in the release of dormancy for commercial development of native plants. Here we report that elevated storage temperatures (50 °C for 45 and 90 d or 60 °C for 45 d) and EHT (100 °C for 3 h and 120 °C for 30 min) alone, and in addition to smoke, directly promote germination of the refractory species Actinotus leucocephalus, Anigozanthos manglesii, Gompholobium knightianum, Loxocarya striatus and Stylidium affine. Germination of Sowerbaea laxiflora seed was not improved with heat alone but was improved by the combination of heat and smoke. Seed of Schoenus unispiculatus did not germinate in response to any of the treatments. Interactions between the effect of temperature, the duration of heat exposure or smoke were detected in all species. Whilst most species demonstrated an interaction between heat and time, not all species were affected by smoke alone. This was illustrated by an interaction between smoke and HT found only in Actinotus leucocephalus, Anigozanthos manglesii and Stylidium affine or smoke and EHT in A. manglesii andS. affine . Smoke and exposure time to heat influenced the germination of Actinotus leucocephalus,Anigozanthos manglesii and L. striatus in response to HT and only S. affine appeared to demonstrate an interaction between smoke and EHT. The variations found in the interactions between treatments suggest that germination events occur over a range of conditions both spatially and temporally which may facilitate seedling survival and limit competition between emergents.


Walter Kempowski (1929-2007) is one of the most important authors in post-war German literature. In 1971, he published his first novel, Tadelloser & Wolff. This historical novel takes its point ...


Discussed are the requirements imposed on an optimized propulsion system for this type of service. These requirements are then implemented by utilizing an advanced concept regenerative drive coupled to a d-c shunt or series motor. A generalized approach is evolved. It is shown that close analogy exists between a-c and d-c systems intended to fulfill the same requirements. The approaches differ mostly in the method of implementation, i.e., induction machine versus synchronous machine--PWM versus AVI power processor, etc. The paper thus projects the philosophy that advanced concepts and improved performance are not synonymous, as is often assumed, with the exercise of varying the method of implementation.


ABSTRACT The present article addresses the issue of structuration of the field of Comparative Education in Portugal. The narrative is constructed at two levels, one of a more descriptive nature, the other more interpretative. In the first part of the text, the construction of a comparative imagination is addressed on the basis of four main points in time: the impact of overseas echoes in education reforms (seventeenth to nineteenth century), the importance of the pedagogical experiences acquired in overseas missions (nineteenth to twentieth century), internationalisation of the educational question in the African colonies (late nineteenth century, mid twentieth century) and finally, the impact of international bodies on the modernisation of the Portuguese education system (50s, mid-70s). In the second part of the text, the emergence of the field of Comparative Education is discussed as a scientific research area, and as an autonomous formative component. Several disciplinarization dynamics and their institutional application points are identified, pointing to the importance of European Union funded projects for the integration of research groups in international comparative study networks. Towards the end of the text, several standard approaches that structure comparative discourse and the practices of Portuguese researchers are pinpointed.


In this study, the effects of viral infections on platelet (PLT) count have been reported. This study examined the correlation between PLT count and respiratory virus (RV) infections.


The present invention can prevent a variety of safety accidents and traffic accidents when a shoelace strap used in shoes is tied to a shoe to produce aesthetic aesthetics, It is possible to identify from a distance as well as to prevent malfunctions, and the shoelace that emits various patterns and colors can be continuously used in accordance with the user's individual preferences. Therefore, it is practical to use the ultraviolet lamp When selected, the inside and outside of the shoe can be selectively sterilized due to ultraviolet light emission. When the shoelace is pulled, an alarm sound is generated, and a luminescent shoe lace so that a woman or an elderly person can be protected from unpredictable danger . A shoestring strap according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a shoelace member that is formed to have a predetermined length and is bound to shoe and used for light emission, And a light-emitting means which is exposed and formed.


This note describes a systematic procedure for the control synthesis of a rigid spacecraft using the energy shaping method. The geometric concept of a mechanical system in a coordinate-independent form is used to derive a control algorithm for the Euler-Poincare equations. The main result of this note is a specialization of the method on the unit quaternion group. This note is concluded with the examples of the potential functions and implementation for the three-axis attitude control problem.


Shortly before 1138 Geoffrey of Monmouth completed his Historia Regum Britanniae. The popularity it rapidly acquired, and the credence which was almost universally accorded to the epic history that it charted, were matched only by the vehement incredulity of its sceptics. Geoffrey's narrative, which claimed that the Britons were descendants of survivors of the Trojan diaspora, had a tension at its heart which threatened to destabilize it, and which pardy accounts for the polarized reactions it received. On the one hand, the Trojan foundation myth conferred prestige and glory; on the other, it strained at the limits of a credible historical genre. This tension between glory and veracity, between the historian's motive (to promote a glorious national myth) and his methodology (to do so in a credible historical style) was inherited by Geoffrey's translators, Wace and La3amon, and their handling of their source probes what it means to write patriotic history at all. Every retelling of the national narrative stumbles over its sources, from the earliest European Trojan myths, to the problematic ways in which Geoffrey of Monmouth negotiated the classical authors, and in which he himself was mediated by Wace, and Wace by llamon. In the problematized dialogue between text and source the landscape itself, and the place-names inscribed upon it, emerge as the supreme source text.This article will argue that for Geoffrey of Monmouth, Wace, and llamon, etymologizing the landscape was a means of giving Britain a glorious and self-authenticating history, independendy from their problematic sources. The tension between glory and veracity is precariously hung, in these histories, upon the motif of the place-name etymology. The fabulous events of the Brut narrative are anchored in recognizable low. as Jane Bliss argues, "People and places are knotted into the spatio-temporal grid that supports memory of the past".1 The illustrious myth is mapped onto a familiar landscape, providing both an aetiology that glorifies it, and evidence that corroborates it. For example, the claim that Carlisle was once Kaerleil, the city of Leil, king of Loegria, has a bipartite function: it suggests a glorious ancient history, and vindicates that suggestion by citing a plausible etymology of the existing name. Such is the basic structure of the etymological mapping of these texts: the history glorifies the land; the landscape vindicates the history, llamon in particular relates to the national myth very differently from Wace, his source, identifying with the conquered rather than the conquerors, history's losers rather than its victors. His etymological truth-claims function more as elegies for the erosion of the glory of the national myth, and as prophecies for its ultimate reinstatement, than as certifiers of the veracity of his account.The background of the European Trojan mythInventing a Trojan foundation legend for a European country was not Geoffrey of Monmouth's innovation. The earliest documents to do so are Frankish chronicles from the seventh and eighth centuries. However, their manipulation of the supreme source for the foundation legend, the Aeneid, makes it evident that it was not an easy tool in the aggrandisement of any medieval royal house, Carolingian or Angevin. In harvesting and remoulding ancient epic for contemporary chronicle history, the attitude of early medieval historians was not deferential towards the patronymic text, but defiant.The author of the seventh-century Chronicle of Fredegar takes pains to emphasize his rusticity, his ignorance, and his role merely as compiler of the greater works that have gone before. Yet he adds to them a genealogy tracing the ancestry of the Franks back to Franchis, the descendant of Priam. It is an addition far beyond the conspectus of his illustrious sources (Jerome, Hydatius, Isidore of Seville, Gregory of Tours). Although calling his own work merely an appendage to theirs, he also implies that theirs are a preface to his: "quasi quandam futuro opere" ("as it were a source of material for a future work"). …


Research background: Cycling is considered one of the most required ways of commuting, because it generates multiple benefits and low levels of external costs of transport. Many cities try to increase the share of cycling in the modal split by the way of various interventions. Effects of these efforts are different, depending on levels of rivalry and excludability of goods provided, what is influencing the attractiveness of cycling. Purpose of the article: The main aim of the paper is (i) to describe key elements of and some solutions for cycling systems in urban areas with focus on two characteristics of goods: rivalry and exclusion, and (ii) to examine, how different levels of rivalry and exclusion influence the attractiveness of cycling and contribute to required effects of cycling policy. Methodology/methods: The paper is based on the theory of private and public goods, as well as on some elements of the New Institutional Economics. The author uses secondary data and research results presented in scientific papers available in the Web of Science Database and Google Scholar, and other information available in online documents. Findings & Value added: A change in levels of rivalry and excludability can lead to an increased attractiveness of cycling. Further research on levels of rivalry and excludability in terms of the complexity of transport systems can contribute to a better understanding of transport behaviour, creating adequate solutions and predicting future effects.


Mesoporous silicon dioxide materials doped with tungsten are synthesized by hydrothermal technique,employing nonionic surfactant block copolymer(P123) as template,using ethyl silicate(TEOS) as inorganic precursor and sodium tungstate(Na2WO4·2H2O) as the origin of tungsten.Several methods such as XRD,HRTEM,FT-IR are employed to characterize the structures of the mesoporous materials,and the existent shape of tungsten in the mesoporous materials.The results show that the excellent porous structure is remained in the mesoporous silicon dioxide materials,and the tungsten species are highly dispersed when the amount of WO3 is less than 10%.


Teachers' quality is the key to the improvement of teaching quality and the key to the construction and development of college English course. Growing quickly in recent years,independent colleges have had a positive effect on expanding advanced education resources and scale. In view of their characteristics,independent colleges need to look for a scientific and feasible way to improve the construction and management of college English teaching team based on the practical conditions and instances. For the echelon formation of this team,three important aspects are considered to improve the teaching quality: the first is to attach importance to cultivate full-time English teachers,the second is to make good use of external teachers and the third is to establish scientific incentive and constraint mechanism.


By examining the debates that took place from the late 1960s onwards within the World Health Organization regarding the practice of feeding breast-milk substitutes to infants, one may revisit the strategies and techniques of (de) politicization used by NGOs, companies, states and IO bureaucracies within and adjacent to the arena of international organizations. The present article uses the notions of politicization and depoliticization in order to clarify the operation of the WHO beyond what is very often taken for its "technical" character and to underscore the investments made in it, particularly on the part of non-state actors. The three strategies identified here – provoking conflict rather than seeking consensus, desiring publication rather than containment and appealing to ideological principles instead of promoting a pragmatic approach – are implemented by various techniques (appealing to political representatives, experts, scientific or technical arguments, the media) and in differentiated manner depending on the type of actor. A formative moment for the WHO, the question of breast-milk substitutes generated knock-on effects of politicization. These subsequently became permanent and underwent sectoral expansion to new themes.


Chenganqi bar is a large-scale pebble beach on the Jialing River.Based on the site investigation,several sand excavation schemes are proposed.The pebble transportation law is studied by physical model,and a 2-D horizontal numerical model in orthogonal body-fitted coordinate for flow is established to study the variation of flow condition caused by sand excavation.The calculation results show that the influence of sand excavation on riverbed evolution,navigation,flood carrying capacity and wading engineering of the Jialing River is very small.


Employers of construction workers have become increasingly concerned about worker safety in the past decade. Although the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations provide safety guidelines, they do not indicate the relative importance of the different paragraphs. While a common-sense approach might help these employers to focus on the appropriate work conditions, additional help might be gained from an examination of data that identifies specific paragraphs of particular interest. These paragraphs are associated with the greater number of violations. Paragraphs of even greater interest might be those in which a high proportion of violations are of a serious nature. Research shows that the paragraphs involved in the most violations are not necessarily those involved with the same relative number of serious violations. Although no claim can be made that these paragraphs identify the areas where most workers are injured, they do identify areas that warrant particular attention by employers.


Objective To investigate chemical constituents in gamboge extractant with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid.Methods Chromatographic separation was carried out on silica gel and octadecyl silane(ODS),and spectrum method was employed to identify chemical structure.Results Five known chemical constituents were isolated.They were β-sitosterol,gambogic acid,neo-gambogic acid,gambogellic acid and desoxymorellin.Conclusion All of the isolated chemical constituents can be identified by comparing thin layer chromatography(TLC) with that of authentic samples combined with spectrum method.


Astrogliosis is one of the earliest pathological changes observed in neurodegenerative diseases in general and in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in particular. ALS is characterized by selective degeneration of motoneurons. There are 2 forms of the disease: sporadic ALS (SALS), comprising 90%–95% of cases, and familial ALS (FALS), comprising 5%–10% of cases. FALS is an age-dependent autosomal dominant disorder in which mutations in the homodimeric enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is linked to the disease. The animal model for this disease is a transgenic mouse expressing the mutated human SOD1G93A gene. Here we show by immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence that astrocytes located near impaired axons of motoneurons that were selectively programmed to die overexpressed S100A6, a Ca2+/Zn2+ binding protein able to translocate into the nucleus. Transgenic mice overexpressing the mutated human SOD1 gene and patients suffering from SALS showed this selective astrocytic S100A6 expression. For instance, the pyramidal tract could be macroscopically detected on S100A6-labeled spinal cord and brainstem sections from SALS patients. Transgenic mice overexpressing the non-mutated SOD1 gene did not overexpress S100A6, although glial fibrillary associated protein astrogliosis was seen. Although these results do not give any clue about the beneficial or detrimental role played by S100A6, its induction may be assumed to appropriately serve some function(s).


This paper presents numerical results on the dynamic behavior of continuously welded rails (CWR) subjected to a static axial stress. The results quantify the sensitivity of guided waves to stress variations and could be potentially used to estimate the stress level in CWR or alternatively the rail Neutral Temperature (stress free rail temperature). This work represents the initial concept phase of a research and development study funded by the Federal Railroad Administration. The ultimate objective of this study is to develop and test a prototype system that uses non-contact dynamic sensing to measure in-situ rail stress in motion, to determine rail Neutral Temperatures (NT) and the related Incipient Buckling Risks in CWR.


This study focuses on the real-time measurement of the distributed pinch force in minimally invasive surgery with a piezoresistive tactile sensor. The measurement of the pinch force in distributed form is important because the conventional surgical tools have angular opening/closing mechanism, which causes non-uniform force distribution on the contacting sample. Additionally, the location and the magnitude of the equivalent pinch force is calculated. The grasping of the samples with homogenous and constant pinch force and the characterization of the samples with low elastic modulus can be carried out with tactile sensor included surgery tools. Apprentice surgeons can benefit the advantages of the thin film sensors in their training.


Extracted from text ... BOOK REVIEWS , 344-355 347
Griffith, Terry 2002. Keep yourselves from idols. A new look at 1 John. London:
Continuum Sheffield Academic Press. (JSNTS 233.) xvi + 247 pages. Cloth.
?60, 00. ISBN 0-8264-6051-8.
I must admit to being a bit taken aback when the Review Editor of an Old
Testament journal asked me to review a book on 1 John, and was even more
surprised when I realised how rusty my Greek had become! However, it was
fascinating delving into the world of New Testament scholarship again - a vote
of thanks to the Review Editor for (unknowingly) ..


Objective To analyze the MSCT features of mass-forming intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC).Materials and Methods CT features of 56 patients with pathologically confirmed ICC were retrospectively investigated.The hepatic morphology,biliary calculi,dilatation of bile ducts,enhancement mode,portal vein morphology,enlargement of lymph nodes of hepatic-duodenal ligament and/or retroperitoneum were studied.Results Plain and enhanced CT images were obtained in 54 of 56 patients.Rim enhancement,pathy enhancement,and delayed enhancement were seen in 21(38.9%),24(44.4%),and 39(72.2%)cases,respectively.One case showed no enhancement.Narrowing or obliteration of portal veins were seen in 37 patients.Intra-portal vein thrombosis were seen in 15 patients.Dilated peripheral bile ducts were seen in 35 patients.The satellite nodules were seen in 18 cases.Biliary calculi were seen in 21 cases,among theses cases,17 patients had a mass within the same lobe.Segmental atrophy was seen in 20 patients.Capsular retraction of hepatic parenchyma was seen in 38 patients.Enlargement of lymph nodes of hepatic-duodenal ligament and/or retroperitoneum were seen in 31 patients.Cholecystitis was seen in 36 patients.The incidence of ICC was greater in lobes having biliary calculi than in lobes without biliary calculi(χ2=9.905,P=0.002).Conclusion A hypo attenuation mass with rim or pathy enhancement,delayed enhancement,narrowing or obliteration of the portal vein,capsular retraction of the liver parenchyma are the main MSCT characteristic findings of ICC.


In preparing business majors, schools of business have a special responsibility to ensure that students are equipped with the technological and mathematical skills they will need to compete in the worldwide marketplace. This article describes an innovative instructional paradigm for teaching business statistics. This paradigm harnesses the latest classroom technologies and integrates these technologies with established principles of learning. The paradigm also implements the mathematical and technological recommendations put forward by the National Research Council of the National Academy of Science. Evaluation data from both instructor and student perspectives are reported.


Introduction: Hypothesis of different theories of development of the pulmonary vein Methods: Study of various theories regarding the development of pulmonary vein available in current data is done. On the basis of these studies we have developed new theory (TheoryNo.3). Results: Human embryos between 24-34 days showed that common pulmonary vein develops as outgrowth from superior wall of left auricle on medial side and unites with angioblastic plexus of developing lung bud. No evidence was found that vein connects directly with sinus venosus in early stages and later shifts in position as atrial septum grows. Initially the early cardiac development is complicated because it is associated with other processes of development such as embryonic folding of coelomic-cavity and vascular development. Due to this it is necessary to integrate experimental and morphological analyses. Observational controversies are frequent rather than result from differences in interpretation. In development of pulmonary vein and systemic venous sinus (sinus venosus), a 3D study in the chicken embryo of the developing venous pole shows that pulmonary vein separates from a greater vascular plexus within splanchanic mesoderm. The development of systemic venous sinus at junction between somatic and splanchnic mesoderm. Pulmonary vein in human heart originates from systemic venous sinus appears as new structure draining to left atrium. In addition, we examined sequence of incorporation of the initially solitary pulmonary vein to the stage at which four venous orifices opened to left atrium. Discussion: According to Theory No-1&2, a development of single embryonic pulmonary vein as an outgrowth of posterior left atrial wall just to left of septum primum.


An electrochemical anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) coupled with auto-pretreatment system (Auto-Pret system) as an automated flow system was applied for trace metal analysis. A micro-flow sensor consisted of preconcentration membrane and three-eletrode electrochemical part was used as a detector. The characterization of the carbon electrode in micro-flow sensor such as life time, reproducibility and sensitivity were performed. The micro-flow sensor was tested with 50 ppb of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in 1.0 M HCl, as a supporting electrolyte, by on-line differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. It was used for 160 samples with the relative standard deviation less than 10 %. Analytical parameters for quantitative determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) were investigated by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) and square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). Detection limits were 2.37 ppb and 0.15 ppb for the determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) by DPASV and 0.02 ppb and 0.01 ppb for the determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) by SWASV. The relative standard deviation less than 8 % for Cd(II) and less than 5 % for Pb(II) were achieved with each 50 ppb of metal ion solution. The results indicated that the carbon electrode in micro-flow sensor coupled with on-line Auto-Pret system have a good efficiency for the metal ion determination.


Expandable tube is a new technology and has been developed oversea.It can be applied in well drilling and completion for deep water,deep well,extended reach well and multilateral well,as well as in oil extraction and workover. This article briefly introduces the technology of well cementing with expandable tube and the tube material and property. The construction technology of the expandable tube is presented with the case of well Jing708.


Background Uptake of NHS Health Checks remains below the national target. Better understanding of predictors of uptake can inform targeting and delivery. We explored invitation method and geographical proximity as predictors of uptake in deprived urban communities. Methods This observational cohort study used data from all 4855 individuals invited for an NHS Health Check (September 2010–February 2014) at five general practices in Stoke-on-Trent, UK. Attendance/non-attendance was the binary outcome variable. Predictor variables included the method of invitation, general practice, demographics, deprivation and distance to Health Check location. Results Mean attendance (61.6%) was above the city and national average, but varied by practice (47.5–83.3%; P < 0.001). Telephone/verbal invitations were associated with higher uptake than postal invitations (OR = 2.87, 95% CI = 2.26–3.64), yet significant practice-level variation remained. Distance to Health Check was not associated with attendance. Increasing age (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.03–1.04), female gender (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.30–1.68) and living in the least deprived areas (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.23–2.05) were all independent positive predictors of attendance. Conclusions Using verbal or telephone invitations should be considered to improve Health Check uptake. Other differences in recruitment and delivery that might explain remaining practice-level variation in uptake warrant further exploration. Geographical proximity may not be an important predictor of uptake in urban populations.


The telephone was invented 24 years after the founding of the American Society of Civil Engineers and Architects, which society commemorated its Centennial in September 1952. The telephone was 8 years old when the American Institute of Electrical Engineers was founded. Since Bell's invention, the telephone business has grown tremendously and this growth has been greatly dependent on developments in science and engineering. This paper traces, and endeavors to give the significance of, the major developments. Brief mention is made of some developments still in the making and of some ideas as to the future potentialities of the business.


A silicone rubber having a cured coating on a surface which is exposed to the atmosphere where said coating is a room-tem perature vulcanizable organosiloxane block copolymer cura ble through an acetoxy, ketoxime or alkoxy functionality is re sistant to dirt pickup. A room-temperature vulcanizable or ganosiloxane block copolymer curable through an acetoxy, ketoxime or alkoxy functionality is applied to a silicone rubber surface and allowed to cure to provide a dirt-resistant coating.


The relationship of humoral antibody production and amyloid formation induced in the experimental animal was investigated. Amyloidosis was induced in hamsters by infection with Leishmania donovani and the antibody response to typhoid-paratyphoid vaccine was analyzed on serum samples obtained before and during the stage of amyloid formation and deposition. The results indicate that the humoral antibody response to an antigenic challenge is not altered during any stage of the development of secondary amyloidosis. The data are compatible with the hypothesis that secondary amyloidosis results from chronic stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system by various factors, of which some may be immunogenic.


Printed text and images are still the central artifacts for housing of memory in literate culture. Although storage and retrieval of information is rapidly being transferred to computer memory banks, daily transactions in information, whether statistics, persuasion, or sentiment, are still made on paper. Some printed information is for reference, some is persuasive, and almost all of it is processed into a format determined by technology; for example, the typewriter determines the sizes of paper and envelopes. In many countries, graphic design is still largely in the hands of printers, and even in countries with many active graphic designers, much of the printed material in daily life is designed by traditional format or with the new software from phototype and digital type companies. With this competition, designers present themselves as having achieved the unique ability to analyze and project images that constitute the symbolic meaning in the public message of their clients. Designers have accomplished this through long and specialized training in a highly theoretical body of knowledge and sophisticated technique, bolstered by a service orientation and a self-regulated social code, that is to say, by the definitions of their profession. The mantle of skill is evaluated by the paying clients, who focus on economic results either in terms of products sold or interest engaged, or by the graphic designers themselves, who focus on novelty within a changing but restricted range of established conventions. Designers have had to be self-referential inasmuch as the other group concerned with visual images the coalition of museums, art marketers, painters, and sculptors contend that they alone generate images worthy of symbolic belief and use their publicity systems to exclude the replicated image of mass culture from public and scholarly attention or assessment. However, designers' claims to communicative skill necessitate greater understanding of the nature of the real and the posited audiences and of the elements of image with which designers work, than has so far been demonstrated in designer critiques. Far from understanding the nature of the tools of visual communication, designers tend to elaborate formulae that are evolved


Variety TPT-2 contains little or no starch. Hot water extraction of defatted and partially deproteinized flour yielded soluble and insoluble polysaccharide fractions in yields of 11 and 28%, respectively. Fractional precipitation of the soluble polysaccharides yielded a predominant Fraction I and a minor Fraction II. Fraction I contained 96% polysaccharide. Fraction II and the insoluble fraction contained 81 and 72% polysaccharide, respectively, the remainder being protein, ash and lignin. Fraction I polysaccharide is predominantly (76%) galactan, but it also contains 18% uranic acid. The Fraction II polysaccharide appears to be predominantly arabinogalactan, but contains 15% uranic acid. Cellulose (41%), galactan (25%), xylan (14%) and acidic polysaccharides (15%) predominate in the insoluble polysaccharides.


The Disciplinary Commons (DC) is a model of teacher professional development that encourages members of the group to reflect upon their teaching practices, develop a community, and, more broadly, to become more scholarly about their teaching. The DC involves a series of monthly meetings where university faculty members examine their course in detail while producing a course portfolio. Evaluation of the early DC's suggests that they successfully created a sense of community and sharing among the participants. We have adapted the original model to a new audience, high school computing teachers. The adapted model maintains the key aspects of the original model while adding two new, important goals for this new audience: improving recruitment and creating community. The high school teacher audience particularly needed strategies for recruiting students and was in greater need of community. We present evaluation evidence suggesting that we achieved the design goals in a replicable model, including a substantial increase (over 300%) in recruiting students.


By the tenth and eleventh centuries of the Common Era, Jewish communities of Christian Europe and the Islamic lands possessed a voluminous literature of extra-Scriptural religious teachings. 1 Preserved for the most part in codices, the literature was believed by its copyists and students to replicate, in writing, the orally transmitted sacred tradition of a family tree of inspired teachers. The prophet Moses was held to be the progenitor, himself receiving at Sinai, directly from the mouth of the Creator of the World, an oral supplement to the Written Torah of Scripture. Depositing the Written Torah for preservation in Israel's cultic shrine, he had transmitted the plenitude of the Oral Torah to his disciples, and they to theirs, onward in an unbroken chain of transmission. That chain had traversed the entire Biblical period, survived intact during Israel's subjection to the successive imperial regimes of Babylonia, Persia, Media, Greece, and Rome, and culminated in the teachings of the great Rabbinic sages of Byzantium and Sasanian Babylonia. The diverse written recensions of the teachings of Oral Torah themselves enjoyed a rich oral life in the medieval Rabbinic culture that


Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the primary glomerulopathies which is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease among all primary glomerular diseases. In adults, nephrotic syndrome develops 10-35% due to FSGS. However, its frequency has been increasing in recent years. This study was aimed to present the data and the prevalence of primary FSGS patients in Turkey.

 These data were obtained from the National Multicenter (47 centers) Primary Glomerular Diseases registry system, which was entered into the Turkish Society of Nephrology Glomerular Diseases (TSN-GOLD) database between May 2009 and June 2019. The presented data in this study is cross-sectional and includes the recorded data of the patients in the hospitalization period for the kidney biopsy. These demographic, clinic and pathological data of patients were evaluated with using statistically.

 Of the 3875 patients enrolled in the Primary Glomerular Diseases database, 850 (21.9%) had FSGS. The mean age of the patients was 47.1 ± 13.7 and 435 (52%) of patients were male. Two hundred and eighty one (33.1%) had hypertension and 93 (11%) had diabetes. Five hundred and four patients (59.3%) were diagnosed as nephrotic syndrome. At the time of diagnosis, the mean systolic blood pressure was 13.8 ± 18.6 mm Hg and the mean diastolic blood pressure was 81.4± 11.4 mm Hg. The laboratory findings at the time of diagnosis on following; serum creatinine 1.2 ± 0.04 mg / dl, albumin 3.3 ± 0.03 g / dl, and 24 hours urinary proteinuria amounts to 4743 ± 181 mg / day. Demographical and clinical data of the patients at the time of diagnosis were presented on Table 1. In pathological examination; the mean number of glomeruli was 16.8 ± 0.3, global sclerotic glomeruli were 3.1 ± 0.1, and segmental sclerotic glomeruli were 2.4 ± 0.1. Summary of Pathological Findings were presented on Table 2

 It is very difficult to determine the absolute incidence and prevalence of primary FSGS. Incidence rates have been reported to range from 0.2 to 1.8 / 100,000 per year in the literature. In a United States study, the most common diagnosis in 2501 kidney biopsies was FSGS (35.9%). According to this database, the prevalence of FSGS in primary glomerular diseases in our country is 21.9%.


This paper is aimed at introducing a simulation software based on the zone grid emergency evacuation model proposed by the author in case of a building fire. As is known, emergency evacuation is an important part of the performance-based fire-fighting and fireprotection design. Based on the analysis of some domestic and overseas safety simulation models and assimilating ideas of both at home and abroad in prepanng regional network models, we have worked out an evacuation model, known as the Zone Grid Evacuation Simulation Model (ZGEM) in this paper. The framework of the model has been founded in hope to dispose the building fire and the movement of personage with the essential information and data introduced. The characteristics of the ZGEM model lie in that a building can be divided into different functional units. In case of facing the fire danger, the distribution of people even at a great density can be guided based on the specific functions of the functional units, though the escaping speed of the fire sufferers may be likely affected by the human flow density in a certain area during the evacuation process. Furthermore, based on the zone grid evacuation simulation model, we have also developed a computer-programming Zone Grid Evacuation Simulation Software (ZGESS) on the platform of MATLAB, including an interface display window for demonstrating the location of each person at any point of time and the curve indicating the number of people staying in the building with the time elapsed. In addition, a case for simple evacuation simulation example has also been prepared with the help of the evacuation simulation software. The results of our trial use indicate that the programmed zone grid evacuation simulation software could be used to simulate the movement of the evacuation process. The visualization program is in a position to display the entire evacuation process in the different functional units of the building with the whole thing in it seen dynamically. Thus, the model proves to have been conceived logically and reasonably with its ZGESS program being creditable.


Being an active participant in your finances can help you capitalize on your strengths, repair your weaknesses, and seek opportunities.


In this article the concept of Soft semi W-D2 structure in soft topological spaces is introduced in different ways. There are many topological structures in soft topology but soft semi W-D2 topological structure is interesting and more practical because it is obtained from the mixture of two structures.


The lexico-thematic features of the international triglot electronic journals "AlTaBash" and "Bertugan" have been investigated in the given article. The consecutive comparison of headlines and rubrics of the studied journals on thematic preferences has been made. Hereon, 5 thematic layers in a percentage parity have been allocated. Also the selection of foreign lexicon (loans), which can be seen in the heading complex of the journals has been carried out. As a whole, the electronic editions under study demonstratively show the development of the Russian language outside of the Russian Federation.


The declining costs and advancing capabilities of microcomputers during the past five years have firmly established the computer's place in the biological classroom and laboratory. Microcomputers are replacing mainframe computers for word processing, data collection and analysis, and production of graphics for teaching and research. Powerful graphics software and improved computer displays have made possible the portrayal and interpretation of data on the computer screen. Unfortunately, preparation of these graphics for use in lectures, seminars and conferences is often a complicated and time consuming process. Usually the graphic must be printed, and edited, redrawn or traced by hand before photographing for white-on-blue diazo slides. Sites and Akre (1984) outline an alternate method for producing multicolored slides of hard copy graphs and tables that involves hand coloring and custom gel filters. Their results are of high quality, but the method is very time intensive. To reduce cost and minimize turnaround time, we have developed a method to produce 35mm color slides directly from the display screen of a computer, using familiar techniques and equipment available to most teachers and researchers.


As a result of a review ordered by the French Government, the safety measures in the Dullin and Epine tunnels were updated. Two specific recommendations were to develop traffic regulation systems and user information appropriate to the high traffic volumes during the winter holidays, and to install special drains that can stop fire propagation in the event of flammable liquid leakage. In the Dullin tunnel, the installation of doors in the crossovers to stop smoke passing from one tunnel to the other, and checking and reinforcement of the ventilation system were also recommended. A six-year refurbishment programme has also begun. New barrier and signal systems for use at tunnel closure are described for use in an emergency. The risk of accidents on the motorway leading to the tunnel in the event of sudden closure is discussed. Data are given on tunnel accidents and breakdowns, emergency plans and fire exercises. Publicity leaflets outlining breakdown and escape procedures during works on the tunnels have been produced. A six-year period will be required to complete the updating work.


The present invention relates to a milling and drilling machine, including: a rigidity machine frame (1), which comprises an upper crossbeam (5); a processing unit (23), which can move by means of a motor along at least two coordinates axes at the front of the crossbeam (5), and is arranged with a working main axis (26) of a rotary drive for exchanging tool; as well as a working table (55), which is installed at the front of the machine frame (1) and moves horizontally along at least one coordinates axis by means of a motor, also comprises a table-board for gripping at least one working piece. According to the present invention, the machine frame (1) comprises two rigidity side walls (2, 3) connecting with each other through the upper crossbeam (5) and a front end (8).


Congenital abnormalities of the pericardium are a rare group of diseases. Coelomic pericardial cyst is often asymptomatic and does not give complications. Symptoms may occur if the cyst increases in size, can compress anatomical structures, or can be infected or ruptured. The clinical diagnosis of pericardial cysts is difficult to make because the patient's symptoms are nonspecific, and have association with concomitant pathology. The diagnostic examination often begins with chest radiography or transthoracic echocardiography. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the chest are often required to visualize the entire pericardium and characterize the pathological process with details. Treatment depends on the presence and/or severity of symptoms. Active monitoring is preferable for asymptomatic patient with a confirmed diagnosis of coelomic pericardial cyst, if this patient is not in risk group of life-threatening complications, and disturbances of the function of organs and systems. Our clinical case of an asymptomatic patient with a coelomic cyst of the pericardium is intended to draw the attention to the algorithm of examination and observation of such patients. The case is discussed with regard to personalized medicine and clinical recommendations.


Hello Everyone! My name is Phyllis Townsend and I ask for your vote for Staff Council in the Secretary/Support Staff category. After graduating high school I attended WKU for two years. I got married to a WKU alumni, we raised two awesome daughters and years later earned my BS degree in Organizational Leadership. I was hired at WKU in the Chemistry Department as Office Associate and now I'm working in the Engineering Department as Office Coordinator.


Nowadays, due to environmental concerns and high market value, the railroads dramatically decreased the use of native timber sleepers. Aiming to reducing environmental impact, a recycling process was developed where wooden sleepers that are discarded or sold at low prices by railway companies are transformed into glulam railway sleepers. Vale Company donated 46 railway sleepers for this study, which 35 of these were transformed into 6 new railway sleepers. In this article, the non-destructive tests on discarded railway sleepers and on the thin board's procedures are described. These tests were performed in order to determine the greater longitudinal moduli of elasticity for the upper and lower boards' distribution of the recycled glulam sleepers (RGS) and also for determining the direction of lamination of the sleepers, to provide a greater reuse of materials. The results indicated that the railway sleepers ultrasound test are not indicated and should be replaced by testing only one board of each sleeper, which is sufficient to classify the pieces.


As of April 23, 2019, 185 countries had ratified the 2015 Paris Agreement, committing to combating climate change and intensifying the actions and investments needed for a sustainable low-carbon future. One of the primary policy tools contemplated by governments was the introduction of (or increase in) a carbon tax to penalize firms producing greenhouse gas emissions, potentially impacting their financial performance and affecting their creditworthiness. Financial regulators in several jurisdictions plan to include climate-linked scenarios in the annual bank stress testing exercise. In this paper, we introduce a valuation-based approach to estimate how energy transition risk may impact the creditworthiness of public companies globally within the next thirty years. Leveraging company-specific carbon dioxide emissions, country- and industry-specific carbon tax scenarios and a market-driven probability of default model covering approximately 34 000 companies globally, we perform an empirical analysis incorporating both transition-related risks and opportunities. Our findings suggest that the utilities, materials, energy and consumer staples sectors may be the most default-prone industries over a fast transition. In addition, several large-revenue companies in these sectors may default on their debt obligations over the next thirty years, potentially inducing important ripple effects in the economy, at both a national and a global level.


We study a model for two-dimensional skyrmions on a sphere of radius L. Such model simulates a skyrmion lattice of density W/(2πL), where W is the skyrmion winding number. We show that, to a very good approximation, physical results depend only on the product αL, where α is the strength of potential term. In the range αL . 3 the order parameter vanishes, there is a uniform distribution of the density over the whole surface and the energy of the W = 2 sector lies above twice the energy of the W = 1 sector. If αL & 6 the order parameter approaches unity and the density concentrates near one of the poles. Moreover the disoliton is always bound. We also present a variational solution to the field equations for which the pure αL−dependence is exact. Finally, some consequences of our results for the Quantum Hall Effect are discussed.


Nanoparticles and their applications in the biomedical research fields have attracted increasing interest over the past decade. Previous in vitro studies have demonstrated that synthetic nanoparticles could be incorporated into living cells mainly via endocytotic pathways depending on their size, shape, surface charge, and surface chemistry. It is thus important to investigate the effects of surface properties of nanoparticles on the possible interactions between nanoparticles and biomolecules for understanding the mechanisms of cellular uptake and the subsequent clearance from the cells. In the current research, we have examined chemical conversion of the surface structures of nanoparticles in living cells with the aim to directly observe intracellular uptake and localization of the nanoparticles before and after the conversion. We have developed (1) gold nanorods (GNRs) coated with coumarin-protected alkylamino-linkers and (2) silica nanoparticles (SNPs) covered with dibenzylcyclooctyne (DBCO) structures. By using the former nanoparticles, we have accomplished esterase-catalyzed conversion of their surface chemical structures in living cells. On the other hand, DBCO structures on SNPs can be modified with various azido compounds via the bioorthogonal Huisgen [3+2] cycloaddition. We prepared phospholipids bearing an azido group and investigated intracellular localization of SNPs after the addition of the azido lipids. As expected, accumulation of nanoparticles on the plasma membrane was observed right after the addition of azido lipids, demonstrating that chemical conversion of their surface could alter the interactions between nanoparticles and cell membrane.


Internet of Things (IoT) is a most emerging and advanced technology that works on computing and communications. The survival of human beings in the world depends on the agricultural sector. The traditional agriculture methods are to be replaced with smart technologies. In order to minimize the cost, maintenance and monitoring the farms the technologies are used. The smart sensors sense the parameters like temperature, humidity, water level, soil nutrition's and PH levels are monitored. In this paper IoT methods are used for smart farming


With good vibration alleviating property, resin mineral composite has been used to produce main components of machine tools to satisfy the requirements of machining efficiency. Bubble in RMC is one of the key influences on compression strength, its amount and distribution determines the overall mechanical properties of the composite directly. In this article, bubble nucleation and free energy theory are used to explain the generation mechanism of bubbles by subdividing them into two parts, bubbles generated in granite and bubbles generated in resin. Mechanical model of single raised bubble in micro cylinder channel is established based on the flow characteristics of non-newtonian fluid. In order to validate the aforementioned assumptions, typical RMC samples are produced. Strength test and draining method are used to get their compression strength and bulk density. Experimental results show that sample with vacuum pouring process has smaller bubble amount and better compression strength performance, which is consistent with the mechanical model.


Owing to the water hammer arising from water column separation in the pressured pipeline,the paper investigates the issue of water hammer protection in cooling water system of thermal power plant.Firstly,the models of condenser and cooling tower are improved,and then thin tubes have been equivalently converted into two pipes,meanwhile,considering changes in water level.Secondly,Based on method of characteristics and following the computer programs with Fortran language,water hammer analysis before and after fixing air valve is pursued in the cooling water system of thermal power plant.The results show that air valve effectively prevents negative pressure,and also eliminates water hammer due to cavities collapsing with water column separation and assures safe operation of the system.


Corn flour, soybean husk flour and moringa leaves are sources of food that have high protein and fiber content. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of biscuits with formulations of corn flour, soybean husk flour and Moringa leaves on macronutrient levels, crude fiber and water content. The research method was an experimental design with a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of a control formula (F0) and 3 treatment formulas (F1, F2, F3). Laboratory tests were analyzed using the ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) test and the BNT follow-up test (Least Significant Difference). The test results of chemical properties of macronutrients, fiber and water content showed significant differences in sig values. 0.00. The macronutrient levels of F0, F1, F2, and F3 are 4.275 grams of protein; 5.4 grams; 6.54 grams; 9.105 grams, carbohydrates 12,372 grams; 13,017 grams ; 14,463 grams; 16,281 grams, fat 3,399 grams; 4.146 grams; 4.983 grams, ; 7.293 grams, fiber 1.026 grams; 1,869 grams; 2,412 grams; 3.708 grams, water content 1.755 grams; 1,998 grams; 3.06 grams; 4.212 grams. The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of the formulation of corn flour, soybean husk flour and Moringa leaves on the chemical properties (protein, fat, carbohydrates, crude fiber and water content) in biscuit products.