Azulene is noteworthy for its deep blue color with a large dipole moment. Compared to other unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbons, azulenes show unique photophysical and electrical properties. Herein, two isomers of 1,4,5,8-naphthalene diimide (NDI) endcapped with ethynylazulene units ( 1 and 2 ) are presented, which are capped with five-membered and sev-en-membered rings of azulene moieties, respectively. It is interesting that these two compounds show remarkably different physicochemical properties, thermal stabilities and organic field-effect transistors (OFET) performance resulting from the different connections of an electron-rich five-membered ring and an electron-poor seven-membered ring. Density functional the-ory (DFT) calculations reveal that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy of 2 (endcapped with 6-ethynylalzulene) is lower than that of 1 (endcapped with 2-ethynylalzulene), and 2 makes the electrons of LUMO more de-localized, which favor the overlap of LUMO between molecules, thus to obtain higher mobility for 2 . OFETs based on thin films of these two isomers were fabricated with conventional spin-coated techniques. Under nitrogen atmosphere, 1 and 2 show n-type semiconducting properties with electron mobilities of up to 0.022 and 0.16 cm 2 •V - 1 •s - 1 , respectively, which is consistent with the DFT results.


The Thompson Seedless (Sultanina) seedless variety of grapes is an important crop in Egypt, both for local consumption and export. In recent years, the H4 strain of this grape variety has gained popularity due to its high productivity. However, a drawback of this strain is that the grape clusters become densely packed, resulting in small berries and reduced overall quality. A study was conducted to investigate the impact of pruning severity and bud load on the growth, yield, and quality of H4 grapes. The study included several different treatments, namely T1 Control: (10 canes × 12 buds), T2: (8 canes × 6 buds), T3: (8 canes × 8 buds), T4: (8 canes × 10 buds), T5: (8 canes × 12 buds), T6: (6 canes × 13 buds), T7: (8 canes × 13 buds), T8: (10 canes × 13 buds), and T9: (12 canes × 13 buds). The behavior of the buds, vegetative growth, yield, and quality of the grapes were analyzed. The results showed that pruning of the H4 strain with either 8 canes and 10–12 buds per cane, or 6 canes with 13 buds, produced the best results in terms of managing excessive fruit production, achieving a balance between vegetative growth and yield, and improving the physical and chemical characteristics of the grape clusters and berries. Overall, maintaining 8 canes with 10–12 buds per cane or 6 canes with 13 buds is recommended for obtaining maximum crop yield and quality.


Due to easy access, rapid growth, and proliferation of the information available through regular news mediums or social media, it is becoming easy for people to look for news and consume it. These days a lot of information is being shared over social media and we are not able to differentiate between which information is Fake and which is legitimacy. For publishing a news in social media the cost is low, easy access. The extension spread of fake news has the potential for extremely negative impact on individuals and society. The goal of this project is to create an efficient machine learning algorithm for identifying the


When talking about instrument control with LabVIEW,the examples in the current textbooks are too simple or too complicate,they are all not convenient for beginners.Two examples about instrument control are given in this paper,one is about serial communication between a computer and an oscilloscope,the other is about serial communication between a computer and a function generator.For students,these examples will help them to study instrument control and make programs more suitable for their requirements.


A simple graph G=(V,E) admits an H covering if every edge in E belongs to a subgraph of G isomorphic to H. A graph G is H magic if there is a total labeling, such that each sobgraph of G isomorphic to H satisfies where m(f) is a constant magic sum. Furthermore, f is an H-supermagic covering if f(V) - {1,2,...,[V(G)]}
This research aims to study H-supermagic covering on corona of graph cycle with path corona of graph path with cycle and fan k-multi level corona with path.
We prove that a cycle corona path is supermagic for and the greatest common divisor of n and k(k-1) is 1, a path corona cycle is a supermagic for , and a fan k-multilevel corona path is a supermagic for .

Keywords: H-supermagic covering, corona, path, cycle, fan


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Centriolin deficiency disrupts cytokinesis. Centrosomes are required for cytokinesis and are important in cell cycle progression—but how are centrosomes connected to these essential cellular functions at the molecular level? On

[page 535][2], Gromley et al. describe


Old Burrow and Martinhoe are situated on the rocky North Devon coast, 1100 and 800 ft. high respectively above the seas of the Bristol Channel (PL. LIIa) , on either side of the small seaside town of Lynmouth. Both sites command an extensive view of the South Wales coast, 17 to 20 miles away (FIG. 4), but owing to an intervening hill, the Foreland, they are not intervisible. Inland the outlook is limited to the northern slopes of Exmoor, which rises to 1600 ft. some 6 to 7 miles away. The coastal tract in which they are situated was sparsely inhabited by friendly Iron Age peoples, the Dumnonii, living in small hillforts and isolated from the main body of the tribe in South Devon and Cornwall. The Roman earthworks are practically identical (FIGS. I and 3); they consist of an inner rectilinear enclosure, 90 ft. square defended by a rampart and two ditches, set within a rounded outer enclosure, some 300 ft. in diameter and with a single rampart and ditch. At Martinhoe the outer enclosure ends on the cliffs, which form its northern side. The entrance to the inner fartlet in both cases is on the seaward side; to the outer on the opposite landward side, so that all comers would be obliged to make a half-circuit between the two lines of defences under fire. In effect the device resembles that at the Claudian fort at Hod Hill in Dorset, where the defences were also designed to trap attackers within the range of missiles—spears or ballista bolts.


It is now widely accepted that a new generation of highly integrated photonic devices with structural elements capable of manipulating signals on sub-wavelength scales could be realized with plasmon-polariton waves (coupled optical and electronic excitations) employed as information carriers. However, we will only be able to speak about "plasmonics" in the same way that we speak about "photonics" when efficient techniques for active manipulation of surface plasmon-polariton signals are identified. Here we report on a new concept for active plasmonics, exploiting nanoscale structural transformations in the waveguide material, which is supported by experiments and vigorous numerical analysis. We show that surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) signals in a gold-on-dielectric waveguide containing a gallium section can be effectively controlled by switching the gallium from the crystalline alpha-Ga phase to a metallic phase in a nanoscale layer adjacent to the interface. For a gallium section only a few microns long, waveguide transmission modulation exceeding 80% can be obtained in the spectral range from 0.8 to 2 micrometres by switching the gallium from the alpha phase to a metallic phase, We have also demonstrated that the switching may be achieved by an external optical excitation: optical pulses with fluences of only 15 mJ/cm 2 are enough to completely switch the waveguides plasmonic properties.


The title spirodiphosphonate, 3,9-dimethyl-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3λ5,9λ5-diphosphaspiro[5.5]undecane-3,9-dione, C7H14O6P2, a polymer additive, has crystallographic symmetry 2. At 100 K, its six-membered rings have chair conformations, with endocyclic torsion-angle magnitudes in the range 51.87 (8)–58.93 (9)°. The P=O distance is 1.4749 (8) A, while the P—C(methyl) distance is 1.7691 (12) A.


Introduction: Digital health technologies are rapidly changing the landscape of how healthcare is being delivered globally.Many international health systems are using digital technology to assist with delivery of information and  healthcare, to enable more affordable, accessible, and acceptable care to manage key health priorities pertaining to that population.  The key to success for any digital health approach for Pacific and ethnic-specific communities is ensuring digital inclusion is considered alongside the wider influences of health (family, cultural, economic, social, environmental). Digital technology could be the enabler to reduce inequities in health outcomes in  some populations.  The aim of this paper is to explore how an intergenerational group of tau fifine Niue (Niue women) use digital health tools for health and wellbeing.
Methods: Tutala (similar to talanoa in the Samaon language) a culturally appropriate method of conversation with Niue communities was used to guide the research approach with a tau fifine Niue (n=40).  Six group tutala were undertaken with tau afine (young women), tau mamatua fifine (mothers), and tau mamatua tupuna fifine (older women).
Results: Three overarching themes were identified: (1) convenience of mHealth tools; (2) access to health information and resources; and (3) digital disconnection.  There were differences in the adoption and use of digital tools for health-related purposes, which varied from using the internet, text messaging and health monitoring apps.  Although tau afine and tau mamatua fifine were more likely to utilise digital health tools, it was clear not all tau mamatua tupuna fifine experienced the same benefits.
Conclusion: Supporting digital inclusion, digital skills, and digital health literacy for tau fifine Niue using an intergenerational approach can translate into health benefits for Niue families and communities. As more and more health services turn todigital technology to assist with delivering health information and care, it is critically important digital technology is delivered in an equitable way that benefits all people, including multi-ethnic populations in Aotearoa, New Zealand.


Objective Observed the efficacy of methylprednisolone sodium succinate treatment of children with asthmatic pneumonia.Methods 76 cases of children with asthmatic pneumonia were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,all 38 cases.Two groups were to be anti-virus,symptomatic treatment(spasm,cough,asthma,fever,correct acid-base balance,maintaining a stable internal environment),treated with antibiotics to prevent from infection,severe patients should to be calm and oxygen,with heart failure patients should to be cardiac anti-diuretic treatment of heart failure.Treatment group,38 cases on this basis,was added methylprednisolone sodium succinate intravenous infusion 2mg/kg,onece a day;control group,38 cases on this basis,dexamethasone 0.3mg/kg,one time a day,treatments were five days.Results In treatment group,asthmatic,lungs wheezing and wet rales disappeared and in-patient days and so on,compared with the control group had significantly shorter,the differences were statistically significant(P0.05).Treatment group,the cure rate was 92.1% higher than 71.1% that of control group,the difference was statistically significant(P0.05).Conclusion The effecacy of children with asthmatic pneumonia treated by methylprednisolone sodium succinate was good,in the course of treatment without adverse reactions.


Abstract Glaciers have a high impact in the socio-economic sectors including water supply, energy production, flood and avalanches. A high precision digital elevation model (DEM) is required to monitor glaciers and to study various glacier processes. The present study deals with the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the DEM generated from the bistatic TanDEM-X data by comparing it with GPS, Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) data and standard global DEMs such as Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and Advanced Space-borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global DEM (ASTER GDEM). The study area consists of highly undulating glaciated terrain in western Himalaya, India. The results reveal that TanDEM-X is slightly better than SRTM both qualitatively and quantitatively, whereas ASTER GDEM showing maximum discrepancy among the three DEMs. The Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the TanDEM-X DEM with respect to GPS is 3.5 m at lower relief and 11.9 m at glaciated terrain, against 6.7 and 12.5 m for SRTM and 9.3 and 19.8 m for ASTER GDEM, respectively, for the same sites. On an average, for the whole study area, the RMSE of TanDEM-X is 7.9 m, SRTM is 9.3 m and ASTER GDM is 14.2 m. The RMSE of TanDEM-X, SRTM and ASTER GDEM with respect to ICESat are 16.3, 19.9 and 101.1 m, respectively. It is evident from the analysis that though SRTM is closer to TanDEM-X in terms of accuracy in the mountainous terrain, however, TanDEM-X will be more useful for studying glacier dynamics and topography.


PURPOSE: An aromatic ring-containing polymer is provided to ensure anti-reflection, mechanical property, and etching selectivity and to use in a composition for resist lower layer. CONSTITUTION: An aromatic ring-containing polymer contains a repeat unit of chemical formula 1. In chemical formula 1, R1-R4 are same or different hydrogen, hydroxyl group, halogen group, substituted or non-substituted alkyl group, substituted or non-substituted aryl group, substituted or non-substituted halogen group, substituted or non-substituted heteroaryl group, substituted or non-substituted alkoxy group, substituted or non-substituted aldehyde group, and substituted or non-substituted amino group; R5 is selected from a group consisting of substituted or non-substituted alkyl group, substituted or non-substituted aryl group, or substituted or non-substituted heteroaryl group; and L is selected from a group consisting of hydroxyl group, halogen group, substituted or non-substituted alkoxy group, substituted or non-substituted aldehyde group, ester group, amide group, sulfone ester, and substituted or non-substituted amino group.


The single most important challenge confronting the park and recreation field is to reposition itself. This requires both real repositioning (changing what is done) and psychological repositioning (changing the understanding of others about what is done). The At-Risk Youth Recrearion Consortium project funded by the National Recreation and Park Association is designed to contribute to both repositioning strategies. Using a protective factors model, project team members have designed a Protective Factors Scale. Initially, its function was to determine the outcomes of recreation programs for at-risk youth, but this role expanded to include guidance for developing program goals, the design and structure of specific program elements to achieve these goals, and the use of relevant sub-scales from the Protective Factors Scale to measure program outcomes. The article describes development of the Protective Factors Scale; the application of protective factor principles to developing programming for at-risk youth; and implications of the approach for the park and recreation field.


In this study, the fluidity of near-α high-temperature titanium alloy with different primary coating materials (Y2O3, ZrO2 and Al2O3) and mold temperatures were investigated. The fluidity as an index of castability was evaluated by a fluidity spiral pattern. The Y2O3 primary coating presents the best fluidity and weakest interfacial reaction compared with the ZrO2 and Al2O3 primary coating. The effect of interfacial reaction resulting from different mold materials on fluidity is determined by the stability of mold materials. The interfacial reaction becomes more and more severe with increasing mold preheating temperature. The fluidity does not increase with increasing mold preheating temperature owing to the effect of interfacial reaction. The fluidity is greatly improved at 900 °C, while decreases at 600 °C, indicating the fluidity, depends on the interaction between the interfacial reaction and chilling effect of the mold.


In this study, we develop a power control of grid connected PV installation assisted by batteries and pumping energy storage. In desert location, the use of PV grid connected system must be a reliability solution, also, in remote area, the water pumping system present an efficacy key for alimented the agriculture by water with lower price. The aim of this work is to design and provide prescribed active power to electrical grid in various metrological circumstances and in presence of batteries and hydraulic water pumping system. To provide the electrical grid, the active and reactive powers must be controlled. Furthermore, batteries can be used to reimburse the power lack or to accumulate the surplus, in other hand; water pumping system is used when we have a surplus energy, so the PV power can be translated in water hydraulic energy for provide the agriculture and farmer by water. Several rigorous simulation and initially experimental tests have been realized to prove the reliability of the completed installation.


The concept of peace has been observed by many as a basic element in the preservation of dignity and unity of every State especially when dealing with nation building and security. The concept has been encouraged and recognized by many states who do not only consider such principle a fundamental one, but whose main aim and objective has been that of unity and protecting the national sovereignty and security of such a state. The maintenance of this fundamental principle has been felt in every day-to-day human relationship, especially those experienced by labor relations and operations. In the advent of forming, executing and terminating employment agreement, parties have those prerogative rights and obligations in respecting terms binding them in the employment relationship by carrying out specific obligations spelled out in the employment contract. The Cameroon Labor Code of 1992[1] has not been left out when dealing with relationships that exist between employer and employee in enforcing their basic employment rights and obligations. In situations or cases parties fails in performing what they agreed in the employment contract [2], either of the parties has the right in bringing an action against the other in breach of such obligations. One of such actions can be through demonstration by the workers against the employer in the employment engagements, who has failed in respecting the employment relationship. This demonstration can give rise to adverse effects, there by affecting the nature of the employment relationship.


Based on data from Disbudpar (2017), the low quality of human resources and the lack of indigenous knowledge on tourism management are the main obstacles for indigenous people in the Lhoknga beach tourism area to be directly involved in the tourism sector. Even though the data shows the behavior of tourists who damage the environment by littering, the behavior of indigenous people who live in the tourist area of Lhoknga beach, not all of them show a caring attitude towards the natural environment. Regarding the issue of infrastructure in the Lhoknga coastal tourism area such as clean water, electricity and tourism transportation in the region is still an obstacle where with the increasing number of tourists each year, improvement of infrastructure is also very important to be done to provide better services to tourists (Disbudpar Aceh Besar, 2017 ). Therefore, research is needed to describe the issues in the Lhoknga beach tourism area in the form of tourism development with a focus on the attitudes and desires of local communities towards tourism development. The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of Lhoknga tourism development on Gampong Mon Ikeun. This research method plan will use qualitative methods to explain its development. The research location was conducted at Gampong Mon IKeun, Lhoknga beach tourism area. It is hoped that later this research will have a positive impact on Gampong Mon Ikeun on the development of the Lhoknga tourism area.


Economic globalization,the increase in global issues,the rise of domestic civil society and the emergence and development of global civil society are the main reasons of growing diversity of international actors.Actors in the increasingly diversified,in theory,not only challenging the conventional theoretics of "national centers",in practice,they also impose a significant impact,including challenges to the traditional national sovereignty.There are both advantages and disadvantages to global governance and impact the change of the international system.In the future,international actors,mey have more type,larger number,and non-state actors will cover broader range of activities and have more significant status.


With China's entry into WTO and the implementation of the strategy of building a well-off society in an all-round way and cultivating a powerful nation boasting numerous telents and a society where study is a life-long task,China's higher institutions are now faced with new challenges and tasks.Consequently,the teaching staff of higher institutions encounter new requirements which demand that teachers should not only have lofty professional ethics,perfect mastery of knowledge and skill,innovative thoughts and cooperative spirit but know the law of education well. Thus,to facilitate cultivating innovative talents,optimizing teaching staff structure and enhancing teachers' comprehensive ability,measures should be taken to improve teacher's quality and professional ethics,to provide teachers with training opportunities,to better team performance and to start personnel system reform.


The reputation of Indonesia as a multicultural country has been recently debated, owing to the persecutions and attacks on members of Islamic minority Shiite and Ahmadiyya. The aim of this study was to examine the members of Muslim majority's tolerance for Shi'a and Ahmadis and their support for governmental helping dedicated to these religious minority groups. Results (N= 384) demonstrated that minority helping was directly predicted by tolerance, which also mediated the effects of multiculturalism and continuation threat on the helping. We also predicted and found that national identification directly predicted multiculturalism and continuation threat, and these latter variables mediated the effect of the former variable on tolerance and minority helping. We discussed findings in this study in terms of both theoretical and practical implications.


A micro–macro model is formulated for the magnetomechanical behavior of magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) based on micromechanics and a statistical approach. It includes two stages: (1) the analysis of the aggregation of the particles in an MRF into chains of dipoles aligning in the direction of the applied magnetic field and its contribution to resistance against shear deformation, and (2) the attainment of solid-like mechanical properties of the MRF by assuming numerous chains inclining with the angles arranged in a normal distribution. This model takes into account the effect of each of the main influencing factors, such as the intensity of magnetic induction, the size and the volume fraction of particles, shear strain rate and saturation magnetization, etc, on the critical shear stress of MRFs. The effect of typical governing parameters on the behavior of MRFs is investigated individually, which shows the capability of the proposed model in the description of the magnetorheological behavior of MRFs. The common Bingham's model of viscoplasticity and the dual-viscosity model can be obtained from the proposed model as special cases. The model is comprehensive, simple, and can easily be used for the initial design and optimization of high-performance MRFs.


To survey resistive grounds and estimate electrical parameters, the capacitive resistivity imaging technique (CRI) can be used. It overcomes coupling problems that are known from DC techniques. Instead of metal stakes, thin plates are used to inject AC current into the subsurface. In field measurements capacitively coupled electrodes often do not have direct contact with the ground, because of vegetation or a rough surface. We are focusing on electrode height variations and its effect on 4-point and 2-point impedances theoretically and experimentally. To keep controlled conditions, we measured in the laboratory in a box (1.2m x 1.2m x 0.8m) filled with dry sand and gravel. We increased electrode heights from 1µm to 0.8m and repeated the measurements to verify the reproducibility. Results show, that the range of electrode heights can be separated into sections that are characterised by different properties with respect to sensitivity to height variations and electrical parameters of the subsurface. It is also beneficial to measure 2-point impedances. They can be used to assess 4-point impedance measurements. For investigations on unknown soils, it is recommended to use a wide range of electrode heights. This allows a reduction of non-uniqueness with respect to electrical parameters and electrode heights.


The prediction of extreme stock returns is highly useful in market analysis and trading strategies. Beneish, Lee, and Tarpley (2001) present a model using market-based signals and fundamental accounting data to make such predictions. In this paper, we use neural networks, a non-parametric predictor model, to more accurately predict extreme stock returns. We find that a well-tuned neural network can predict extreme stock returns as accurately as the probit model while requiring fewer explanatory variables, which makes for a model that is applicable to a wider range of stocks.


As a literary trend of thought,aestheticism arises in the West.Tanizakin Jun'ichirou's is the representative of aesthetic school in Japan,and he was impressed profoundly by the west literature. This affection was from his works are thoroughly aesthetic,and have the distinctive qualities in the different stage. In the first stage,it is to protect the pure and independence of aesthetics. Second stage,it is against the idea that trace the true life on the part of literature. Third stage,it is the ethereal and classical taste. Forth stage, it is the relapse and aberrance of morbidity taste.Fifth stage,it is the feeling organ's omnibearing exploration.And the sixth stage,it is the expression of making the carnal feeling.


The invention relates to a method for controlling a start-stop system in a vehicle (FZ) with drive motor (MO). The start-stop system includes an automatic shutoff (FU1), with which in the presence of a stop condition (B1) of the turned-drive motor (MO) is automatically switched off, and thereby occupies an automatic stop state. Further, the start-stop system comprises an automatic Anschaltfunktion (FU2) with which in the presence of a start condition (B2) of the drive motor (MO) is automatically turned on. By a vehicle-side evaluation device (STF) is based on wirelessly transmitted signals (AS, FS) which are transmitted between the evaluation device (STF) and a valid mobile identification transmitter (IDG), monitors whether the mobile identification generator (IDG) the vehicle (FZ ) leaves or in the vehicle (FZ) occurs. The automatic Anschaltfunktion (FU2) in the automatic stop state of the drive motor (MO) is deactivated if it is determined based on the wirelessly transmitted signals (AS, FS) that the valid mobile identification transmitter (IDG), the vehicle (FZ) leaves, wherein automatic Anschaltfunktion (FU2) with continued automatic stop state of the drive motor (MO) is not activated again, if it is determined based on the wirelessly transmitted signals (aS, FS) that a valid mobile identification transmitter (IDG) (in the vehicle FZ ) entry.


A research investigation was conducted of earth movements resulting from a deep highway cut in the Ridge Route shale formation (located 40 miles north of Los Angeles). Subsurface benchmarks and extensometers were used to measure vertical and horizontal rebound of the bottom and sides of the cut. Laboratory and field tests were run on material sampled to determine values of elastic moduli. Estimates of rebound using the Westergaard model were compared with measured rebound. Results were inconclusive due to problems in establishing boundary conditions for determining analysis of an infinite elastic system. /FHWA/


This article is an honest account of the practice development unit (PDU) journey undertaken by a substance misuse service in North-West Wales. The sustainability of such initiatives is also examined and the positive effect upon the workforce that the PDU journey can achieve is also discussed. Resistance to change within the workforce and from the employing organization is also considered, and the innovative responses to these hurdles. Inviting service users to become actively involved in the development of services can be a powerful force for sustainable changes. The involvement of individuals who have been service users is a way of contributing to the process of developing services in a creative and innovative way that strives to ensure appropriateness and quality. The issues around vulnerability and the responsibilities placed upon service providers to minimize pressure on patients are discussed. The article also identifies ways of harnessing this positive energy and the utilization of valued and varied personal experiences of clients, both of which result in empowerment of clients. The aim of the article was to provide insights into all of these aspects of the PDU journey in order to offer support for others about to embark upon it. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The accompanying sketch is from a photograph taken in April, 1906, of a series of landslips just east of Chilton Chine, near Brixton, on the south coast of the Isle of Wight. The cliff, which is composed of Brick-earth on gravel and this overlying Weald Clay, had fallen away in a series of blocks of triangular section, which were alternately base and apex uppermost; the apices in places were quite acute, and one could stride from base to base over the sharply denned apex of a clay triangle. The bases of these triangles were the grassed surface, and the apices of toughened and slickensided Brick-earth which stood up, perhaps, 4 feet beyond the grass; where the apex would naturally have been higher it was usually broken away and crumbled down. There were spaces between the blocks large enough for a horse to fall down and as much as 15 feet deep, at which depth the talus blocked the view. These spaces were overhung by the triangle that stood on its apex, so that the surface contour of my section is correct. At the time the photograph was taken the landslide was quite new, that is, small pieces of clay were falling from the overhanging faces and the fractures of grass and clay looked perfectly fresh. Possibly it had only occurred a few hours previously.


[Objective] Five kinds of bacteria fermentation liquid were applied in Chinese cabbage to study the effects on sprout and seedling.[Method] Soaking and germination test were used.[Result] Germination rate and germination index were inhibited by bacteria fermentation liquid,and stock solution had the strongest inhibitory action.Stock solution,10 times and 100 times dilution of the cabbage showed inhibitory to seed sprout and seedling fresh weight,while the 1 000-fold presented a significant role in promoting seedling dry weight and vigor index.[Conclusion] Products of optimal concentration promoted vigor and growth significantly.


A method for the production of aryl polyglycol carboxylic acids by means of a direct oxidation process. The invention relates to a method for producing compounds of formula (I) in which R1 represents an aromatic group containing 6 to 200 carbon atoms, R2 represents hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms, a monounsaturated or polyunsaturated linear or branched alkenyl group containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms, or an aryl group containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms, X represents an alkylene group containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, n represents a number between 0 and 100, and B represents a cation or hydrogen, and/or the corresponding protonated carboxylic acids, by oxidizing one or more compounds of formula (II) in which R1, R2, X, and n have the meaning indicated above, with oxygen or oxygen-containing gases in the presence of a gold-containing catalyst and at least one alkaline compound.


A beverage machine with a water tank (1), a heater (5) and a brewing chamber (10), which are interconnected by conduit sections (2), and with a pressure-dependent and automatically opening valve (6; 13) in the line section (2) between heater (5) and brewing chamber (10) is further developed in that the valve (6; 13) is operable in pressure direction.


warring German principalities, and to Napoleon of France who established the type of bureaucracy which has been the basic model of most of modern bureaucracies (1). Both Frederick the Great and Napoleon established highly centralised and tightly controlled bureaucracies purposely for building strong nation-states out of either competing principalities of loosely-knit dukedoms. The nationbuilding bureaucracies of Frederick and Napoleon were therefore purposely meant to strengthen the centre at the expense of the periphery. These bureaucracies owed allegiance to the usually despotic head of State in person.


A patient's age, clinical presentation, medical history, and circumstances at time of palsy onset suggest likely underlying causes and help prioritize choice of imaging.


In this article, adaptive backstepping sliding mode controller and adaptive fractional backstepping sliding mode controller methods are proposed to control an electrostatic microplate with a piezoelectric layer. Based on the modified couple stress theory, a size-dependent mathematical model is proposed, in which the microplate is modeled using the Kirchhoff plate theory. To take into account the geometric nonlinearities, the von Kármán nonlinear strains are considered in the mathematical model. The Hamilton's principle is used to obtain the nonlinear equation of motion of the system, which is then converted into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation via the Galerkin technique. The validity of the results obtained from the proposed reduced-order model is checked through direct numerical simulation of the partial differential equation using the finite element method. Finally, two Lyapunov-based control approaches that are adaptive backstepping sliding mode and adaptive fractional backstepping sliding mode are applied to the system. In the adaptive fractional backstepping sliding mode controller method, the adaptive control law is used to evaluate the upper bound of uncertainties and random disturbances. The fractional-order form of sliding surface is used to reduce the amount of chattering and also to improve the tracking error. In the results section, first, numerical studies are conducted to study the effect of system parameters, such as material length scale parameter, aspect ratio, fractional order, and robustness of the controller, on the performance of the system. In addition, the performances of the two control methods are compared, and the merits and demerits of each method are discussed.


Gold catalysis has received considerable attention in recent years. Particles of gold that are unsupported or supported on oxidic carriers have been reported to be very active in various oxidation reactions. Examples are the oxidation of CO to CO2, water-gas shift reaction (CO + H2O ? 2CO2 + H2) and oxidation of hydrocarbons. The origin of the high catalytic activity of gold catalysts has been strongly debated and various models have been presented. The major question to be answered is how the oxygen molecule is activated.


Cu(lnGa)Se, thin films were deposited by elemental evaporation with x = [Ga]/([ln]+[Ga]) from 0.27 to 0.81 and bandgap (E,) from 1.16 to 1.54 eV. The Cu(lnGa)Se, films were deposited with no gradients in the Ga and In and have no change in the structure or morphology as the Ga content increased. Glass/Mo/Cu(lnGa)SeJCdS/ZnO solar cells have -15% efficiency with x < 0.5 or E, < 1.3 eV. V,, increases over the entire bandgap range up to 820 mV but the cell efficiency falls off as E, increases above 1.3 eV. Analysis of current-voltage and quantum efficiency measurements as a function of voltage show that this is attributable primarily to a voltage dependent current collection which results in a fall-off of FF, J,, and, to a lesser extent, Voc. Finally, Cu(lnGa)Se, films with a Ga gradient are shown to improve FF in the high bandgap cells, apparently by improving the current collection.


Crewmembers regularly perform treadmill exercise on the ISS. With the implementation of T2 on ISS, there is now the capacity to obtain ground reaction force (GRF) data GRF data combined with video motion data allows biomechanical analyses to occur that generate joint torque estimates from exercise conditions. Knowledge of how speed and load influence joint torque will provide quantitative information on which exercise prescriptions can be based. The objective is to determine the joint kinematics, ground reaction forces, and joint kinetics associated with treadmill exercise on the ISS. This study will: 1) Determine if specific exercise speed and harness load combinations are superior to others in exercise benefit; and 2) Aid in the design of exercise prescriptions that will be most beneficial in maintaining crewmember health.


As a result of experimental research the effectiveness of pin grinding in the form of a drill for transosseous osteosynthesis and. pulsed electron jet pin surface polishing for deterioration of traumatic effects on bone structures have been proved.


We have already had the basis of the reality and the theory to build the reconciliation of administrative litigation in Chinese.But the reconciliation of administrative proceedings can not be unlimited and can not have the kind of civil action in the full mediation system,It dose not like a civil action can be the same as a basic principle in the mediation system.Reconciliation of administrative should only be applicable to several types of special cases of administrative litigation.


Arviossa:

Lotz, Amanda D. 2022. Netflix and Streaming Video. The Business of Subscriber-Funded Video on Demand. Cambridge: Polity Press, 208 s.


The multiparticle decay in collisions induced by 44 MeV/nucleon [sup 40]Ar and [sup 132]Xe projectiles on several targets is studied using MEDEA 4[pi] detection system. The impact parameter dependence of the charged particle multiplicity is determined. The dependence is strong in peripheral and midcentral collisions and becomes weaker in central collisions. The prediction of a molecular dynamics simulation is in agreement with the experiment.


We investigate the relationship between the extent of a city's subway network, its population and its spatial configuration. To accomplish this investigation, for a sample of the 632 largest cities in the world, we construct panel data describing the extent of each of the 138 subway systems in these cities, their population, and measures of centralization calculated from lights at night data. These data indicate that large cities are more likely to have subways, but that subways have at most a small effect on urban population growth. Consistent with economic theory and with other studies of the effects of transportation improvements on cities, our data also indicate that subways cause cities to be more decentralized.


The paper focuses on the cross-cultural adaptation of Vietnamese students in China through the questionnaires and personal interviews with Vietnamese students in China.It proves that except such problems as dietary habits and rising prices,these Vietnamese students can easily deal with other problems.Their adaptation model is a curve-shaped rather than U-mode.As for psychological adaptation,the Vietnamese students' homesickness might cause slight depression,but would not affect their life and study.Better living and working conditions,low fees,prestigious international academic status and good-quality teaching in China have much attraction to Vietnamese students who can have a good prospect for a good job.Thus,China is an ideal target country for Vietnamese students.


This article will analyse the alienation that politics has suffered since its creation. The analytical model, based on not only in the ideal type of the Greek Polis but also in the appearance of rhetoric within this public sphere, in the creation of small economical medieval groups (The Gilds in Italy) and in the creation of military and political groups (The Gulfs and Ghibellines in France) and later on in the creation of the political groups (The Whigs and the Tories in England) will reflect the limits of Politics (of Polis) as a public sphere, in which citizens should actively participate in discussing and solving common problems, through the rhetorical participation of public speakers in the Polis and the expansion of the private sphere in creating this small enterprise, political-military and political groups. It emphasises the necessity to understand and assess the city as a space where all citizens have the chance to participate in the decision making and in solving their problems.


The application of immunofluorescent labeling using quantum dots for detection of inactivated Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in spiked water samples (reservoir water, treated wastewater effluent, permeate of a membrane bioreactor, and tap water) provided more consistent results compared with the organic fluorophores label. The varying degree of particles present in the different water samples (with turbidity ranging from 0.2 to 6.1 NTU) in nonconcentrated water samples had insignificant interference on the labeled counts (2‐sample t‐tests, p > 0.236) using the quantum dot label, while the quantum dot label provided an advantage of approximately 50% lower interference in concentrated water samples compared with the organic fluorophores label.


Abstract In this study, the time dependent criticality and burn up analyses for a full core model of Pebble Bed Modular Reactors, such as PBMR-400, are performed using weapon grade plutonium mixed with thorium as an alternative to enriched UO2 fuel. Neutronic calculations are performed with the MCNP and MONTEBURNS 2.0 using ENDF/B-V nuclear data library. 9.6% enriched UO2 gives an effective multiplication factor of keff ≈ 1.2395, which can be achieved by 18% weapon grade plutonium +82% ThO2 fuel mixture. Thorium mixed fuel with 18% weapon grade plutonium fuel would allow reactor operation periods ∼7 years without fuel change with burn up levels of 205000 MW.D/t, for end of life keff set equal to 1.02.


We present a scheme well suited to investigate quantitatively the angular-momentum coherence of molecular fragments. Assuming that the dissociated molecule has a null total angular-momentum, we investigate the propagation of the corresponding atomic fragments in the apparatus. We show that the envisioned interferometer enables one to distinguish unambiguously a spin-coherent from a spin-incoherent dissociation, as well as to estimate the purity of the angular-momentum density matrix associated with the fragments. This setup, which may be seen as an atomic analogue of a twin-photon interferometer, can be used to investigate the suitability of molecule dissociation processes —such as the metastable hydrogen atoms H(22S)-H(22S) dissociation— for coherent twin-atom optics.


1. The local insect composition may be as important as the local floral composition for bumblebees' foraging behaviour. However, little is known about how the local abundance of insects affects the foraging patterns of individuals.


129 strains of Micrococcaceae were isolated from food of animal origin (minced meat, cakes with confectioner's custard) on Baird-Parker medium. 120 were Staphylococcus and 9 Micrococcus, according to the ID 32 STAPH-System (1989). The results were analyzed using a computer program. 60% of these 120 Staphylococcus strains of animal origin were coagulase positive S. aureus (aurease+, Rapidec Staph technique). 46% were resistant to novobiocin (5 microg/ml), 13 to 44% were identified with negative discordant tests using this micromethod. 44% produced no acetoin, 35% had no urease and 15% no arginine dihydrolase. 48 Staphylococcus strains (40%) were identified as human coagulase negative Staphylococcus species (strains: 39; species: 9) or as animal species (strains: 4; species: 1). 5 were Staphylococcus sp S. epidermidis and S. warneri represented 63% of these Micrococcaceae with particular biochemical characteristics. (The En version of this paper is published on pp. 1084-1086 of this issue of FLEISCHWIRTSCHAFT).


A generation ago, the idea of engineering the climate to counteract global warming was almost universally dismissed as misguided. Climate scientist David Keith recalls that when he became intereste...


Negative interest rates were once seen as impossible outside the realm of economic theory. However, several central banks have recently adopted negative policy rates. The Federal Reserve is coming under increasing pressure to follow suit in the wake of the coronavirus crisis. This paper investigates the actual effects of negative interest rates using the Swedish experience from 2015 to 2019. The Swedish Riksbank was one of the first central banks to introduce a negative interest rate in 2015 and the first central bank to abandon a negative rate in 2019. We find that negative rates had a modest effect on consumer price inflation due to globalization, but significant effects on the exchange rate and domestic asset prices, thus fostering financial imbalances. We conclude by discussing the implications of our results for larger economies such as the United States.


Random input patterns induce a partition of the coupling space of a perceptron into cells labeled by their output sequences. Learning some data with a maximal error rate leads to clusters of neighboring cells. By analyzing the internal structure of these clusters with the formalism of multifractals, we can handle different storage and generalization tasks for lazy students and absent-minded teachers within one unified approach. The results also allow some conclusions on the spatial distribution of cells.


A detailed mechanistic study of the cyclopropanation of electron-deficient alkenes, namely methyl acry- late with ethyl diazoacetate (EDA), was carried out, aiming at understanding both the superior activity and the higher sensitivity of the cobalt(II) tetramethyldibenzotetraaza[14]annulene [Co(MeTAA)] catalyst as compared with cobalt(II) tetraphenylporphyrin [Co(TPP)]. Cobalt(III)-carbene radicals were demonstrated to be present as key intermediates in the reaction, using a combination of kinetic studies, exper- imental EPR spin-trapping experiments, and supporting DFT studies. Reaction progress was monitored in real time by observing N 2 formation and measuring its partial pressure under isothermal conditions. Reaction progress kinetic analysis (RPKA) was used to analyze the experimental data. Results showed that the reaction is first-order in both [catalyst] and [EDA] and zero-order in [methyl acrylate], in agree- ment with the DFT-calculated mechanism. The calculated activation parameters corresponding to the rate-determining step of the reaction are in agreement with the experimental values, thus providing strong support for the proposed metalloradical mechanism.


This paper analyzes connotations of humanistic management,and combined with the characteristics of contemporary college students and the advantages of humanistic management,describes the humanistic management modes of college students in new periods.


Deep learning has shown its effectiveness in many tasks such as text classification and computer vision. Most text classification tasks are concentrated in the use of convolution neural network and recurrent neural network to obtain text feature representation. In some researches, Attention mechanism is usually adopted to improve classification accuracy. According to the target of task 6 in NLP&CC2018, a hybrid deep learning model which combined BiGRU, CNN and Attention mechanism was proposed to improve text classification. The experimental results show that the F1-score of the proposed model successfully excels the task's baseline model. Besides, this hybrid Deep Learning model gets higher Precision, Recall and F1-score comparing with some other popular Deep Learning models, and the improvement of on F1-score is 5.4% than the single CNN model.


Crocodylians and birds are the two surviving lineages within Archosauria, a clade of morphologically and ecologically diverse vertebrates that evolved highly disparate locomotor postures. The appendicular joints of crocodylians and birds differ substantially, thus complicating inferences of ancestral morphology and evolutionary transitions. Recent studies have indicated that the American alligator, an extant crocodylian, use a wide spectrum of cartilaginous and other connective tissues to construct the hip joint. However, little is known about the distribution and use of cartilage throughout other appendicular joints, as well the ontogenetic transition of the crocodilian chondro‐osseous interface during early development. In particular, the hyaline cartilage on the proximal femur of late embryonic alligators possesses a convex, cone‐like extension that inserts deep into the metaphysis. This morphology is not seen in juvenile and adults, but is superficially similar to the cartilage cone‐metaphyseal trough articulation inferred in early members of multiple archosaurian groups. The method by which alligators and other archosaurs reduced the cartilage cone during ontogeny and evolution, as well as the functional significance of the cartilage cone itself, are poorly understood.


Section 1: Indexes Section 2: Guidelines Section 3: Treatment Protocols Section 4: Drug Protocols Section 5: EMS/Hazardous Materials Operating Procedures Section 6: References Abbreviations and Acronyms


Behavioural finance confirmed the existence of two types of agents, fundamentalists and chartists, in the financial market. Fundamentalists follow the traditional efficiency market theory based on adaptive learning rule, whereas chartists follow the price tendency and past price movements. This paper examines the heterogeneity between fundamentalists and chartists. To this aim, we propose to introduce a sentiment variable in the classic model of Black and Scholes (1973) and to extract in a novel way the implied volatility variable. After that, we estimate the Markov switching model on this variable to test heterogeneity in the French market. The estimated daily data from 2009 to 2018 for 30 companies daily of CAC40 in a sectoral analysis confirm the evidence of heterogeneity between chartists and fundamentalists.


Background: Venous Thrombo Embolism (VTE) is a major public health problem in Morocco. The increase in life expectancy, changes of the epidemiological profile of VTE counteracts the constant efforts made in terms of prevention and disease remains ever. Materials&Methods: Prospective study to host emergency department over a period of 10 months including all Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) admitted to the University Hospital of Casablanca. DVT was suspected clinically and retained on the presence of a thrombus in the lower-extremity on venous Doppler. We excluded patients with superficial thrombophlebitis and patients already diagnosed with VTE. Findings: The mean age of our patients was 49 years, with female predominance. A thromboembolic risk factor was found in 88% of patients. The main etiology: immobilization, surgery, heart disease and cancer pathology. Pain and the increase in calf circumference were the signs giving rise to the emergency department visit. The Doppler ultrasound has objectified a proximal localization in 38 patients (47%), distal in 12 patients (15%) and extended to the whole limb in 30 patients (38%). An association to pulmonary embolism was found in 10 patients (12%) and the association with arterial impairment was found in 4 patients (5%). The Wells score was calculated on only 12 patients (15%) and the results of thrombophilia requested in 8 patients (10%). 54 patients (67%) were treated in ambulatory and 26 patients were hospitalized. All patients were started on heparin and 92% have Vitamin K Antagonists (VKA). The causes of non-prescription VKA were: pregnancy in two patients, breakthrough bleeding on cervical cancer, active duodenal ulcer, immune thrombocytopenic purpura and erosive gastritis scalable. Conclusion: DVT remains a topical issue especially with the advent of new anticoagulants. In our current practice, a prospective study in more moroccan university hospital -including large populationis desirable for a better management.


The importance of improving transportation safety by research on intelligent vehicle is discussed;the history,development and research trend are summarized.In addition,a new intelligent drive system model based on information fusion is presented,the modules in this model is described,and some approaches to introduce fusion method to intelligent drive research are suggested.Prospects of intelligent vehicle are proposed.


Nowadays, we are experiencing the emergence of intelligent applications, capable of recognizing a human face by using shape, gender, face attributes or even emotions. Those application are deployed in numerous real-world sites, like facial recognition systems, Law enforcement applications or security purposes. For these reasons, we propose to improve available facial attributes' estimation in the main model, by adding other attributes, such as (medical-mask or face cover, head scarf, tattoo) and using transfer learning (TL). To do this end, using TL one stage, we suggest retraining the main model on new attributes all at once, and using TL multistage training, where we employ a TL network for each attribute. The main model is trained on the CelebA dataset with 40 attributes using a CNN model, while for the aforementioned three attributes, we use our constructed dataset. The obtained results show that the second method outruns the first in terms of metrics, but the first one is better in prediction rates, especially for the attributes of the main model, this is a problem caused by many TL networks losing data.


The rodent damage of residential area,rice field and dry land habitat types in Guanling county from 1984 to 2009 was analyzed to know its species and dominant species,its change regulation of population quantity for providing a scientific basis to kill rodents. The results showed that there were seven species mainly in Guanling county,and Rattus tanezumi and Rattus norvegicus were the dominant species in residential area and farmland area. Because these species accounted for 99.01% and 88.89% of total rodent number in residential area and farmland area respectively,these species were the main rodent species to be monitored and controlled. The capture rate in residential area and farmland area was 12.07% and 2.76% respectively. The population quantity peak of mixed rodent species in residential area was between May and July and the annual average captured rate was above 13%. The population quantity peak of mixed rodent species in farmland area was between April and September and the annual average captured rate was above 3%. The key controlling period was between April and May.


cation of Falstaff as God almighty. In the Christian emblems of the plays, he is not only God the Father but also God the Son. It has been suggested that when, at the end of his first scene with Shallow, Falstaff says, "If the young dace be a bait for the old pike, I see no reason in the law of nature but I may snap at him" {2H4, m.ii.307-09), the emblem involved is the popular one where, in the world of nature, or the "flesh," the big fish eat the little ones {ELH, 38,1971, 513-14). Ac cording to this interpretation, Falstaff as the big fish in these shallow waters is a type of greedy, ruthless human nature. We know from h Corinthians x.3, how ever, that although Falstaff walks in the flesh he does not war after the flesh. There is no reason in the law of nature why he may not snap at Shallow, but Falstaff at the deepest level does not follow the law of nature. He may "snap" at Shallow, as Battenhouse indicates, but he would never actually devour him. He means Shallow no harm in relieving him of the thousand pounds that weigh down his soul. Out of his profound scriptural knowledge, Falstaff has perceived at the be ginning of the scene, when Shallow alludes to Psalm xlix in juxtaposition to Ecclesiasticus xxxviii.25, that Shallow's is a soul to be saved. These are the deepest meanings of the imagery of the young dace and the old pike. Falstaff, like the apostles, is a fisher of men, and, like the Son of God, his emblem is the fish. Such is the potential significance of Battenhouse's interpretation of Shakespeare's history plays that it would be hard to open Scripture to a page that did not lend it support.


The paper presents the studies' results of chemical composition, structure, and physico-mechanical properties of high-calcium ashes from the Kansk-Achinsk coals (2017-2019 selection). It was found that ash has a complex poly-mineral composition and contains hydraulically active minerals and oxides of СаОfr, β-C2S, CA, C3A, C4AF, C2F, CaSO4. According to the content of CaOfr, MgO does not meet standards' requirements. The uniformity of the volume change is maintained by the composition with 50% of cement. The structure and hardening kinetics of ash and ash-cement stone compositions, obtained from the test of normal density, were analyzed. It was established that the hardening of compositions with ash from the Kansk-Achinsk coals was largely influenced by ash minerals. An equivalent amount of cement in composite binders cannot be replaced. In order to obtain a positive effect, compositions with ash instead cement of no more than 30% and a part of fine aggregate, without exceeding the ratio of ash: cement = 1: 1, should be used.


As a particular application of the earlier proposed model of graphene as a macromolecule, we found the exact analytical expression of dispersion relation for the band of edge states in graphene zigzag ribbons. This band is often referred to as "dispersionless band" or "zero mode". The obtained result contrasts description of edge states given in the referenced paper, showing that the earlier given explanation is valid only for a very narrow region of values of the electron/hole wave vector, but for the rest, it is not correct.


Modern network processors (NPs) are highly multithreaded chip multiprocessors (CMPs), supporting a wide variety of mechanisms for on-chip storage and inter-task communication. Real network processor applications are hard to program and must be tailored to fit the resources of the underlying NP, motivating an automated approach to mapping multithreaded applications to NPs. In this paper we propose and evaluate compiler-based automated task and data management techniques to scale the throughput of network processing task graphs onto NPs. We evaluate these techniques using a NP simulation infrastructure based on realistic NP applications, and present an approach to discovering performance bottlenecks. Finally we demonstrate how our techniques enhance throughput-scaling for NPs.


AbstractAcutance has been expressed as the mean-squared density gradient of an edge profile (x), averaged in the space domain. By change of variable, integration can equivalently be performed in the density domain, using the first derivative of the inverse density profile x(D). In the latter form, acutance follows directly from a density-dependent plot of the line-spread function, which is bounded by a lower density limit D, set by a threshold gradient.


Suitable for rig state of the automatic recognition hydraulic drill receiving hanging hook load weight value measured by the sensor, a pressure sensor for measuring the winch hook displacement value, drilling fluid flow rate value measured by a sensor punch pump, the pressure sensor values, hook load threshold, a pressure threshold value, above the bottom threshold value, the drilling fluid flow rate threshold value, the threshold WOB, according to the judgment based on the state of the rig for automatic identification. The present invention is applicable to both conventional rig, but also for hydraulic drill, can accurately identify the operation state of the hydraulic drill, the conventional method can solve heavy, light load state hook load is not allowed to judge the difference in question.


The footing or notching effect arises during the dry overetching of silicon layers on top of dielectric films. The visible consequence of this effect is the resulting etch that propagates along the interface between the underlying dielectric films and the silicon layer. Footing is usually considered an undesirable artifact during etching. Thus, the vast majority of efforts made to date have been oriented towards reducing or eliminating the aforementioned effect. There is, however, another alternative that has not been fully exploited: the application of the notching effect in the microfabrication of released structures. Furthermore, with deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) tools it is also feasible to deposit fluorocarbon films for electrical isolation purposes in situ. Thus, it is possible to microfabricate suspended structures by combining the footing effect with the capabilities offered by DRIE. For this purpose, we have developed, built, and tested suspended electrostatic actuators applying this new micr...


In many cases the fluorescence EXAFS signal is contaminated with fluorescence from nearby elements. If this fluorescence is of lower energy than the element of interest, x-ray filters are not effective. One method for dealing with this problem is the double fluorescence method described by Wong and Rao. This paper describes an improved version of this double fluorescence scheme which greatly improves its efficiency. Data are presented for a sample of 1/2% Hf in Ni/sub 3/Al, and 1.6% CuO in NiO. When standard fluorescence is used, both signals are almost completely obscured by the approx. =100X larger Ni K fluorescence signal. With the double fluorescence detector the Hf L/sub 3/ and Cu K-edge signals are clearly observed and good spectra can be obtained in about an hour. 4 refs., 4 figs.


Based on the influencing factors of chemical leakage,a mathematical model of liquid leakage analysis was established.Quantitative analysis of hydrochloric acid leakage at engineering project storage tanks was achieved.Then the calculation data about leakage accident were simulated for control measures purposes.The results of the study can be used as reference in security monitoring and control emergency rescue and raising the level of the fire safety management for the chemical companies.


"You have chofen the path, not of politics, but of ifcience. Among thofe who have preceded you in it, and in our own particular department, we find fome of the Lrighteft ornaments of Britifh hiftory; and I will not do you the injuflice of fuppofing that there is any one among you who would not prefer the reputation of Harvey or the Hunters to that of nineteen-twentieths of the courtiers and politicians of the periods in which hey lived."?SIR BENJAMIN BRODIE.


We have analyzed relativistic (∼ MeV) electron ejection from potential channels of standing laser wave taking into account both rapid and averaged oscillations within the region of declining field of standing wave. We show that only a few last rapid oscillations can define transverse speed and, therefore, angle at which a particle leaves standing wave. This conclusion might drastically simplify numerical simulations of charged particles channeling and accompanying radiation in crossed lasers field. Moreover, it might provide a valuable information for estimation of charged particle beams parameters after their interaction with finite standing wave.


Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries.1 The reatment of CAD has been revolutionized during the past everal decades; however, appropriate patient selection for reatment is of paramount importance. Treatment of CAD, hether by medical therapy or revascularization, depends on variety of factors including patients' symptoms, long-term isk and likelihood of procedural success. Key diagnostic ests add to the history and physical examination in guiding reatment. The traditional cornerstone of CAD assessment ad been stress testing, either with electrocardiography EKG) alone or in combination with echocardiography or uclear scintigraphy. Although counterintuitive, it is now accepted that detecion of anatomical CAD does not imply hemodynamically ignificant disease that requires revascularization. Stress testng provides data on the physiology of CAD. Recent advanceents in computed tomography angiography (CTA) and ardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MR) have provided cliicians with alternative diagnostic tools. CTA and MR both rovide functional and anatomical data, yet each modality as its own strengths and weaknesses. CTA noninvasively rovides detailed anatomical information but requires ionizng radiation. MR's strength lies in improved functional data nd myocardial tissue characterization but has long scan imes and limitations imposed by claustrophobia and MRncompatible implants. Both modalities have shown technial advances in mitigating the limitations of irregular cardiac hythms, breath holding difficulty, and extensive calcium or etallic artifacts.


The aim of this work was to study the feasibility of obtaining images of the distribution of ferromagnetic tracers using an ac biosusceptometer (ACB). The images were generated by mapping the response of the ACB at short distances due to the presence of a ferrite powder dispersed in a planar gel matrix with different shapes. The ACB was scanned over the sample and the voltages generated by the variation in ferrite concentration were sampled. Methods to render and image the distribution of ferromagnetic particles were studied. The generalized Wiener parametric method gave the best results. The system has a potential to be used in functional images of the gastrointestinal tract where a moderate resolution is required. We conclude that this biomagnetic method can be successfully used to generate planar functional images of magnetic particles in the near field.


Objective To analyze the correlation between clinical manifestations and EEG abnormalities in the patients with delayed encephalopathy following acute carbon monoxide poisoning(DEACMP) and provide the evidences for evaluating the prognosis and guiding the treatment in the disorder.Methods Clinical manifestations and EEG abnormalities in 31 patients with DEACMP were analyzed and correlation between the both was compared,respectively.Results All patints presented more or less neuropsychic abnormalities specific for DEACMP.At the same time,all patients presented slighter or severer EEG abnormalities,of them,slight abnormality was found in 10 cases,moderate in 13,and severe in 8.The severity of EEG abnormalities was in direct correlation to that of clinical manifestations.Conclusion EEG changes in the patients with DEACMP have important significance in evaluating the prognosis and guiding the treatment.


Introduction: The role of diets on human health is crucial and depends on the quality of the food we eat. A number of indexes help rank food items and evaluate diets based on their nutrient profili...


Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of cyclin E,survivin and PTEN gene proteins and the clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with colorectal carcinoma.Methods The expressions of cyclin E,survivin and PTEN gene proteins were detected using the standard streptavidin peroxidase(SP)method in 69 cases of primary colorectal carcinoma.All cases were followed up for more than 10 years,in which the prognosis was analyzed with univariate and multivariate analysis.Results Expression of cyclin E or PTEN was correlated with age,histological grading and TNM staging(P0.05).Expression of survivin was correlated with histological grading and TNM staging(P0.05).There was a negative correlation between the expression of cyclin E or survivin and the expression of PTEN(P0.05).Univariate analysis indicated that the survival rate was correlated with age,histological grading,infiltration depth,TNM staging and expression of survivin or PTEN.On Cox multivariate analysis,histological grading,TNM staging and expression of PTEN were independent prognostic factors.Conclusion The expression of cyclin E,survivin and PTEN in colorectal carcinoma is significantly correlated with some clinic opathological characteristics.High histological grading,TNM Ⅲ or Ⅳ stage and loss expression of PTEN may be taken as the independent parameters of poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.


Abstract Acquired factor XIII (FXIII) deficiency due to autoantibody against FXIII is a very rare severe hemorrhagic diathesis. Antibodies directed against the A subunit of FXIII, which interfere with different functions of FXIII, have been described. Here, for the first time, we report an autoantibody against the B subunit of FXIII (FXIII-B) that caused life-threatening bleeding in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. FXIII activity, FXIII-A 2 B 2 complex and individual FXIII subunits were undetectable in the plasma, while platelet FXIII activity and antigen were normal. Neither FXIII activation nor its activity was inhibited by the antibody, which bound to structural epitope(s) on both free and complexed FXIII-B. The autoantibody highly accelerated the elimination of FXIII from the circulation. FXIII supplementation combined with immunosuppressive therapy, plasmapheresis, immunglobulin and anti-CD20 treatment resulted in the patient's recovery. FXIII levels returned to around 20% at discharge and after gradual increase it stabilized above 50%. Keywords: coagulation, acquired coagulation disorders, factor XIII, factor XIII B subunit, autoantibody against factor XIIIFrom bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org by guest on June 6, 2013. For personal use only.


The archive records the truth of a fact or activity of an institution, whether it is an activity that is being done or has happened at a previous time. Therefore, archives must be well organized in order to remain systematic and sustainable. This paper describes how static archive management at Balai Arsip and Tsunami Aceh. The management of the archives at Balai Arsip dan Tsunami Aceh refers to the Regulations of the Archive of the Republic of Indonesia (ANRI), which is responsible for acquisition, processing, preserving and archiving services to the public. In practice, archive management has constraints that are limited storage space and human resources.


In his paper [8J V. Wagner has generalized the notion of a Berwald space, and has -obtained an interesting invariant characteristic of a two-dimensional generalized :&rwald space. A Berwald space means here an affinely connected Finsler space defined by L. Berwald [1,2J as the space in which his connection coefficients depend on position alone. H we obey the Cartan connection [4J, such a space is also the one in which Cartan's -connection coefficients r*/ J, depend on position alone. and is· characterized by the wellknown condition C;jJ,ll=O. V. Wagner has called a space as a generalized Berwald space if there is possible to introduce a generalized Cartan connection, with torsion (*r/,.-*rij +0), in such a way that the connection coefficients *r/}, depend on position alone. And· in a two-dimensional case he has shown. as the main theorem, that a space is a generalized Berwald space if and only if oA/oO is a function of A, where A and 0 are the main scalar and the Landsberg angle respectively (Berwald [2J). Wagner's work is thought to be of great significance in the sense that it offers a good model of Finsler spaces. The purpose of the present paper is to clarify a meaning of the generalized Cartan connection used in Wagner [8J by some geometrical axioms, and to characterize Wagner's generalized Berwald spaces of general dimensions. In Sections 2 and 3 we shall introduce the notion of metrical connections with deflection and torsion, and define generalized Berwald spaces in a broader sense than Wagner's. In the last section it will be shown that the generalized Cartan connection is a semi-symmetric metrical connection without deflection (Theorem 5), and that a space is Wagner's generalized Berwald space if and only if there exists a generalized Cartan connection satisfying the condition C;j},ll=O similar to the one for a Berwald space (Theorem 7). Throughout the present paper we shall use the terminologies and notations described in Matsumoto's monograph [7J. It should be remarked that the treated Finsler connections are different from the ones familiar to us. So, for convenience' sake we shall devote Section 1 to sketching the materials necessary for our discussions from his Finsler theory. The author is indebted to Prof. Dr. M. Matsumoto for drawing his attention to this problem, and wishes to express here his sincere gratitude for the invaluable suggestions and encouragement.


The morphology of neurons in the centromedian (CM) and parafascicular (PF) nuclei in the lesser bushbaby (Galago senegalensis) is described in coronal and horizontal brain sections using Golgi‐, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐, and Nissl‐staining procedures. The CM contains two types of cells referred to as principal neurons and Golgi type II (like) neurons. Cell bodies of principal neurons are relatively large in cross‐sectional area (mean = 130.42 μm2), round to spindle in shape, support short somatic spines, and give rise to three to five primary dendrites. The dendrites branch in a "radiate" pattern and possess numerous appendages consisting of narrow, stalk‐supported swellings. The presumed axons of these cells are impregnated only in their initial segments. On the basis of the similarity of principal neuron soma shapes and cross‐sectional areas with those of HRP‐reactive somata following cortical HRP implantation, it is concluded that at least some of the principal neurons in Galago CM project to somatic sensory‐motor cortex. Golgi type II (like) neurons have small (mean = 79.43 μm2), round somata which support several spines and give rise to three to four small‐diameter dendrites. The dendrites are infrequently branched, sinuous in their courses, and give rise to complex appendages and beaded processes. However, the axons of these cells could not be seen to ramify in the immediate vicinity of the dendritic field or soma, and there is considerable overlap in the cross‐sectional areas of Golgi type II (like) neurons seen in Golgi preparations and HRP‐stained cells following cortical implant of HRP pellets. Consequently, although Golgi type II (like) cells have traits characteristic of classically described intrinsic neurons, a cortical projection of these cells cannot be ruled out by the present study.


With the rapid increase in cyber attacks on industrial control systems, the significance of the application of cyber security controls and the evaluation of security against such attacks has also increased. Among them, cyber attacks on nuclear power plants (NPPs) can cause not only economic loss, but also human casualties. Thus, the application of cyber security controls is necessary for mitigating security threats, especially to NPPs. However, currently, there are limited resources pertaining to information protection, which is essential to uniformly deploy all the controls required to meet cyber security regulations. To overcome this challenge, effective cyber security controls need to be identified and adequate information protection resources must be allocated to each NPP. Although NPPs apply a differential security control according to its characteristics based on NEI 13–10 (Cyber Security Control Assessments), this alone is not only insufficient in reflecting the latest security threats, but also fails to confirm whether the security controls have actually mitigated such threats. To address this challenge, the Electric Power Research Institute (ETRI) developed the technical assessment methodology (TAM), which can be used to generate a quantitative score by assessing the effects of potential cyber attacks on an asset and the relevant security controls. This methodology allows for the application of differential security control based on the score to identify whether the security controls have actually mitigated the risks. Considering this context, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a comparative analysis of the results derived from applying security controls and assessing risks using only NEI 13–10 as well as both NEI 13–10 and TAM on the plant protection system of the nuclear power reactor APR1400. Furthermore, this paper discusses the scopes for subsequent research by addressing the limitations of the TAM and considerations for its use.


The physical-mechanical properties of 6 combed cotton yarns of nominal count of 20 tex were compared: 2 conventional, 4 compact spun using two different compact system. All yarns were spun from the same kind of cottons and with 2 levels of tex twist coefficient (3290 and 3480). From each one yarn the single jersey knittes fabric with the same physical parameters on the circular knitting machine (diameter of 93 mm, E17) were knitted. There are not significant differences in yarn evenness of compact and conventional yarns. The number of thin places of compact yarn with sensitivity level of -40% spun at the lower twist factor is lower than to conventional yarn. The compact yarns have mostly lower number of neps. The yarn hairness (H index) was significantly lower to compact yarns regardless of compact techniques used to conventional yarns. The compact yarns spun have higher level of strength than conventional yarns. There is significantly higher resistance to abrasion as well as to bursting to fabrics knitted with compact yarns.


Abstract : This plan provides a tool which will assist DARCOM in its efforts to comply with regulations and procedures which relate to historic preservation at Rotterdam Housing. Areas nos. 1 and 2 comprise approximately 10 acres in the town of Rotterdam, Schenectady County, NY. This document summarizes data relating to the area's environmental history; cultural chronology; historic and modern ground disturbances previous archeological surveys, etc. No significant archeological remains are known to exist at Rotterdam Housing. Prehistoric sites and early historic sites have been reported in the general vicinity and it is possible that undisturbed portions of Rotterdam Housing have archeological potential. This study recommends that the responsible installation develop procedures which will: (a) insure consideration of unrecorded archeological cultural resources when implementation of development plans will result in disturbance of previously undisturbed portions of Rotterdam Housing; and (b) deal with emergency fortuitous discoveries of archeological resources. Since there are presently no ground-disturbing future development plans for Rotterdam Housing, this study does not recommend site or project specific archeological management activities.


yamamura and colleagues ([17][1]) report that melanoma cells express transient receptor potential melastatin subfamily member 8 (TRPM8) receptors and that their activation suppresses melanoma viability. This effect is mediated by menthol, and the mechanism of action involves the influx of


We solve the center problem for ODEs \frac{dv}{dx}=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}a_{i}(x) v^{i+1} such that the first integrals of vectors of their coefficients determine rectangular paths in finite dimensional complex vector spaces.


The first-principles calculations were performed to investigate the stability, band structure, density of states and redox potential of Al-, Ga-, and In-doped monoclinic BiVO4 (mBiVO4). The calculated formation energies show that Al-doped mBiVO4 inducing an O vacancy is energetically favorable with a smaller defect formation value. With the incorporation of Al, Ga, and In, the band gap of the doped systems will be narrowed in the order of Al-doped < Ga-doped < In-doped mBiVO4, which is beneficial for the response to the visible light. And the substitution of an Al or Ga for a V atom will significantly enhance the reducibility of mBiVO4, improving the efficiency of H2 evolution from H2O. Our results show that the photocatalytic activity of mBiVO4 can be modulated by substitutional doping of Al, Ga, and In.


There are many difficulties in designing the engine structure properly due to the strong conflicts between NVH characteristics and the high performance, light weight and low product cost. Many feasible noise reduction techniques should be carefully incorporated to meet such stringent noise requirements. It is also required that the engine development be carried out by introducing concurrent engineering, in which the analysis and test database are usefully applied to the detail designs from the 1st stage. This paper reviews the significance of the noise characteristics of the structure elements in relation to the combustion pressure. The mechanisms of the crank shaft rumbling, which is the main source having the bad influence on the sound quality, are also explained. The influences of dynamic behavior of engine structure on its noise are investigated, followed by discussions on experimental results of the features necessary for the design of low noise engine concepts.


The creation and ordering of A-cation vacancies and the effect of cation substitutions in the scheelite-type framework are investigated as a factor for controlling the scheelite-type structure and luminescence properties. AgxEu3+(2–x)/3□(1–2x)/3WO4 and AgxGd(2−x)/3−0.3Eu3+0.3□(1−2x)/3WO4 (x = 0.5–0) scheelite-type phases were synthesized by a solid state method, and their structures were investigated using a combination of transmission electron microscopy techniques and powder synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Transmission electron microscopy also revealed the (3 + 1)D incommensurately modulated character of AgxEu3+(2–x)/3□(1–2x)/3WO4 (x = 0.286, 0.2) phases. The crystal structures of the scheelite-based AgxEu3+(2–x)/3□(1–2x)/3WO4 (x = 0.5, 0.286, 0.2) red phosphors have been refined from high resolution synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data. The luminescence properties of all phases under near-ultraviolet (n-UV) light have been investigated. The excitation spectra of AgxEu3+(2–x)/3□(1–2x)/3WO4 (x = 0.5,...


Objective: To study the characteristics of the effects that the different ethnic identity might bring upon the adolesents' subjective well—being.Methods: 900 adolescents from Han,Qiang and Yi nationalities were assessed with China Adolescent Multidimensional Life Satisfaction Scale.Results: In general,adolescents from the three nationalities were at an upper middle level with their subjective well-being.The Yi were significantly more satisfied than their peers from Han and Qiang nationality with regard to the overall life satisfaction,family satisfaction,school satisfaction(P0.01).Yet in regard of academic satisfaction,Qiang and Yi adolescents were significantly higher than the Han peers(P0.01).The Qiang adolescents were significantly lower than the Yi in respect of the freedom satisfaction(P0.05).In the negative emotions,the Yi's negative experience is significantly higher than that of the Han and Qiang nationality(P0.001);while in respects of the friendship satisfaction,school satisfaction,academic satisfaction and freedom satisfaction,there exist significant differences between different grades and different academic achievements(graded as excellent,good,fair and poor).And the mother's occupation is found to have main effect upon the environment satisfaction of an adolescent.No obvious main effect upon the SWB factors is observed in respects of the gender,educational level and occupation of their parents.In view of interaction,a strong interaction is observed in all the dimensions of the subjective well-being,whether it is between the genders and the grades,between genders and academic performance,between grades and academic performance,or it is between the adolescent's parental educational levels and parental occupations.In the various dimensions of subjective well-being there is no interaction lying in between genders,grades and academic achievements.


Pulse-echo apparatus comprising at least: - a signal source (36), - a signal source (36) associated with passive compensation element (150), - amplifier means (10, 11) for amplifying an originating from the signal source (36) signal (S1) comprising at least - a between a first and a second terminal (A1, A2) within a first signal path (P1) disposed active amplifier element (100, 101, 102) having a at the first terminal (A1) amplifies signal fed signal (51), and - control means (200, 210) for variable operational management of the amplifier element (100, 101, 102), characterized, in that said amplifier means (10, 11) parallel to a first signal path (P1) arranged passive second signal path (P2), which - - activate at by means of the control means (200, 210) the amplifier element (100, 101, 102) for transmitting the signal (S1) is used and - is provided with a passive compensation element (150).


Atrial septal defect (ASD) was first described by Rokitansky 1 in 1875, but its clinical data were only compiled in 1941 by Bedford et al 2. Its prevalence is 3.78 patients per 10,000 live births 3 with a predominance in the female sex at the proportion of 1.5 to 3.5:1 4,5. Since 1948, when the first atrial septorhaphy was performed by Murray 6, the surgical treatment with the aid of extracorporeal circulation has been considered the first-choice procedure for closure of atrial septal defects with low morbidity and reduced mortality (0.5% to 1%) in specialized centers 7-9. The percutaneous treatment appeared 3 decades ago as an alternative to surgical treatment. It was performed for the first time in 1976 by King et al 10, who used a prosthesis of their own conception. Later, in 1983, Rashkind 11 began to investigate the single umbrella, which was fixed to the septum by means of small hooks. At the end of the 1980s, Lock et al 12 developed the clamshell double umbrella, which, however, during clinical followup, showed fractures in its rods, its investigation being interrupted by the FDA. In the 1990s, several devices were developed with the configuration of umbrellas or occluders, which had some problems, such as an elevated incidence of residual flow, displacement or embolization of the device, and heart perforation, which required surgical correction 13-18. Sharafuddin et al 19 published the results of an experimental study with a new prosthetic conception in one single self-centered and self-expanding component, called the Amplatzer occluder, which was investigated in several international centers, and, among us, by Fontes et al 20, with good immediate results. We report the experience in our institution with that device up to mid 2001, focusing on the immediate results and considering clinical follow-up for one year after implantation.


Football star Philly McMahon believes we should decriminalise drug use. With his TV documentary on the way, he explains his reasoning to John Meagher


The present paper firstly deals with the analysis of the displacement of viscoelastic material confined in a cylindrical mold under repeated load whose frequency is far less than the natural frequency of the test body, with an assumption of no friction between the test body and the mold, by means of finite Fourier-Hankel transform. Distortional deformation is modeled by a Voigt model and volumetric deformation is modeled by an elastic or Voigt model. In so doing, two viscoelastic models are formulated. As for the test, the surface displacement was measured for dried standard sand, sandy soil, cohesive soil and undisturbed Kanto loam. Then viscoelastic properties of the test materials confined in the mold are evaluated by means of nonlinear least squares method. In the case of applying Voigt model to both distortional and volumetric deformations, the analytical results agree well with the experimental ones.


In this comment on Elson and Ferguson (2013), areas of agreement are noted in terms of the need to thoroughly and scientifically document the boundary conditions under which violent video games most impact players. However it is argued, in contrast to Elson and Ferguson, that violent media generally (and violent video games specifically) can and do increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior and desensitization to violence, and are linked to increases in aggressive attitudes and beliefs. It is also argued that research findings demonstrating these violent video game effects must be considered in terms of both the known impacts of other types of media on human thoughts and behavior, and well-documented psychological processes that have been empirically demonstrated to underlie the acquisition of all types of social behavior, not just aggression. To this end, evidence is provided that other types of media such as advertising are shown to clearly impact human psychology, and psychological mechanisms that ...


The objective of this paper is to identify and investigate the strategies utilised by local communities in the Gaza Strip, Palestine in pre-disaster stage. Twenty four community participation-pre-disaster strategies were compiled from the literature and refined according to the pilot study. A purposive sampling method of 86 community members in neighborhood committees was employed to collect the data. The results obtained from the exploratory factor analysis clustered the community participation strategies into three components, namely: preparing effective coordination and management plans, preparing information and knowledge system and providing early warning and communication plans. NonGovernmental Organisations (NGOs) in Gaza governorates require a common understanding of what creates effective disaster preparedness system. Risks threatening Gaza Strip cannot be prevented, but their human, socio-economic and environmental impacts can and should be minimised through appropriate measures, including early warning. The early warning system in Gaza governorates is considered weak and need to be developed. There is a need to disseminate early warning protocols of every type of risks in Gaza Strip for local communities. The findings of this research will be significant concerning the present and future of organisational planning and management by both governmental and NGOs regarding disaster management practice and community participation in pre-disaster phase.


In this paper, coherent optical OFDM system model is proposed. OFDM is a numerous carrier modulation approach which segregates the accessible spectrum into subcarrier, among every subcarrier attaining a low data rate stream. OFDM is considered as a best method for satisfying the increasing demand of bandwidth in broadband services. The simulation based results are presented for Coherent detection based WDM optical OFDM system of 512 subcarrier at 4-QAM and 16-QAM modulation technique. The proposed simulation model helps in improving the system capacity, speed and performance. Four different frequency channels with same power are used and their effects on the output in terms of Q factor, minimum BER is analyzed by using opti -system software.


Magnetic beads are widely used for biotechnology and medical fields because they can be easily manipulated byexternal magnetic field. Recently, there has been a great increase in the number of papers taking an exponential approach tobiomedical applications of the magnetic beads. We outline the latest trend of domestic researches of the magnetic beads appliedto biomedical investigation


We have studied the effect of new ligands of progesterone receptors, including pregna-D'-pentaran 6-methoxyimino-16a,17a-cyclohexanopregn-4-en-3,20-dio-ne (K1047), 17a-acetoxy-3b-butanoyloxy-6-methylpregna-4,6-dien-20-one (buterol), progesterone (P4), and medroxyprogesterone acetate on the viability of HeLa cells and expression of estrogen receptor-alpha (Era) mRNA gene in these cells. K1I047 and buterol exhibited high cytostatic activity, which exceeded the activity of reference compounds on the average by 15% (p < 0.05). Both buterol and K-1047 (at 10(-6)M) effectively suppressed ERa mRNA gene expression in HeLa cell culture by 83.4 - 9 8.6%.


Most policy-relevant work on climate change in the social sciences either analyzes costs and benefits of particular policy options against important but often narrow sets of objectives or attempts to explain past successes or failures. We argue that an ''applied forward reasoning'' approach is better suited for social scientists seeking to address climate change, which we characterize as a ''super wicked'' problem comprising four key features: time is running out; those who cause the problem also seek to provide a solution; the central authority needed to address it is weak or non-existent; and, partly as a result, policy responses discount the future irrationally. These four features combine to create a policy-making ''tragedy'' where traditional analytical techniques are ill equipped to identify solutions, even when it is well recognized that actions must take place soon to avoid catastrophic future impacts. To overcome this tragedy, greater attention must be given to the generation of path-dependent policy interventions that can ''constrain our future collective selves.'' Three diagnostic questions result that orient policy analysis toward understanding how to trigger sticky interventions that, through progressive incre- mental trajectories, entrench support over time while expanding the populations they cover. Drawing especially from the literature on path dependency, but inverting it to


The paper mainly discusses the problem of input current harmonics, output voltage harmonics and torque ripple in a large power doubly salient electro-magnet motor for air conditioner compressor. In order to select the proper input unit to reduce the input harmonics, the comparisons of multiphase rectifier and PWM rectifier are given. And in order to minimize the output harmonics and torque ripple, a novel dual stator doubly salient electro-magnet motor is presented, with suitable control algorithms. Also, the filters to optimize system performance are given. The overall strategy of motor drive is supposed to improve the electromagnetic compatibility. Finally, the strategy and control algorithms are utilized in a 200kW motor drive prototype.


The study applied Classical Test Theory to the student evaluation forms for 25 departments to assess reliability. The study also applied Generalizability Theory to assess the reliability of the Psychology Department evaluation form. Regression analysis on the Psychology Department form assessed the effect of absolute expected grades on student ratings of teaching effectiveness and courses. The results show that the reliability of the 25 department forms is very high, exceeding .80 for each form. Generalizability theory indicates the Psychology Department form to be reliable for assessment of student ratings of the effectiveness of teaching but not necessarily of courses. Results suggest at least five items from five or more courses would be preferable to obtain reliable results of student ratings of teaching effectiveness. Regression analysis shows absolute expected grade did not significantly account for any variance in overall student ratings of teaching effectiveness or overall course ratings.


Objective: to analyze the infl uence of two São Paulo State experiences in the choice of psychosocial care centers as guiding service providers for the national mental health policy. Method: qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study using oral history as a methodology and theoretical reference. Results: eight professionals involved in the deployment of the mental health policy in the cities of Santos and São Paulo between the years 1989 and 1992 were interviewed. Data were analyzed after treating the narratives and grouping the most signifi cant content. Two central themes emerged: development of the local-regional model, and the model's infl uence on the choice of the psychosocial care center. Conclusion: due to greater insertion of the Santos experience group in the spheres of the federal government, its infl uence on the choice of the substitute model was higher in ideological terms, whereas the São Paulo model had its infl uence restricted for political reasons.


Summary – Endophytic bacteria were isolated from coffee roots in Ethiopia and identified by Fatty Acid Methyl Ester-Gas Chromatography (FAME-GC). A total of 201 and 114 endophytic bacteria were isolated and identified during the wet and dry seasons, respectively. The most abundant genera were Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Agrobacterium, Stenotrophomonas and Enterobacter. Population densities were higher during the wet season than the dry season ranging from 5.2 × 10 3 to 2.07 × 10 6 cfu (g fresh root weight) −1 . Culture filtrates of the bacterial isolates showed nematicidal effects of between 38 and 98%. The most active strains were Agrobacterium radiobacter, Bacillus pumilus, B. brevis, B. megaterium, B. mycoides, B. licheniformis, Chryseobacterium balustinum, Cedecea davisae, Cytophaga johnsonae, Lactobacillus paracasei, Micrococcus luteus, M. halobius, Pseudomonas syringae and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Bacillus pumilus and B. mycoides were most effective in reducing the number of galls and egg masses caused by M. incognita by 33 and 39%, respectively.