The controllability of matrix pairs $(A,K)$ is studied when K is positive semi-definite, and in particular when K is in the range of the Lyapunov map determined by A. This extends previous work of Chen, Wimmer, Carlson and Loewy, and Coppel.


Recent studies showed a significant peak of the salt contamination in the Tisza River that exceeded ten times over the average level. The document summarizes the works performed on the investigation of ground displacement using multi-temporal satellite radar interferometry technique in Solotvyno mine located in Tiachiv region. Multi-temporal InSAR aims to identify coherent radar targets exhibiting high phase stability over the entire observation period and derives point data with locations corresponding mainly to the point-wise, man-made features. The middle area with no persecuted targets may correspond to the substantial physical changes of the surface caused by activities like mining or tunneling, adding, or removing structures or their components, and motion perceptible in one pixel.


INDIANAPOLIS, Dec. 13, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) announced today that the European Medicines Agency's (EMA) Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) issued a positive opinion recommending a new indication and associated label update for CYRAMZA® (ramucirumab). The Committee agreed that the label should include an indication for CYRAMZA in combination with erlotinib for the first-line treatment of adult patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. The CHMP positive opinion is now referred for final action to the European Commission, which grants approval in the European Union.


NGOs, by virtue of being small in size, flexible, innovative and participatory, are widely considered to be more successful in reaching the poor, and in poverty alleviation. This paper, based on the review of existing studies and the author's research experience with a large number of NGOs in India, aims at discussion on definition, types (Section 2), evolution (Section 3), advantages (Section 4) and weaknesses (Section 5) of NGOs. The discussion on evolution of NGOs shows that the perspectives of NGOs widened from charity and welfare to development, and to sustainable development and empowerment. This has been influenced by the policies of donor agencies and the Indian government. After discussing funding sources (Section 6), this paper argues that the NGOs need to play a dynamic role in the context of liberalisation policies, improved credibility and legitimacy for NGOs, etc., (Section 7). Further, this paper goes on to discuss a viable strategy for NGOs (Section 8).


A method for repairing a metal part by recharging damaged parts by spraying a powder of metal onto the metal part, wherein the process includes laser recharging the damaged parts using the powder, followed by hot isostatic compression, the maximum temperature applied during the isostatic compression not exceeding the recrystallization temperature of the metal.


The training of most scientists in the United States is
largely supported by significant public funds. The public
expects a return on that investment. Scientists therefore
have an obligation to engage with and inform the public on
how emerging technologies and challenges will affect our
communities. In founding the MIT Science Policy Review, we
seek to provide a platform to fulfill such a public obligation.


The δf kinetic-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model in the 3D extended-MHD code NIMROD is used to perform a linear simulation study of energetic particle effects on the n = 1 mode in a DIII-D hybrid discharge. The hybrid discharge has a long steady state with low qmin ≳ 1 at high confinement, is useful for numerous physics studies, and is a candidate operational scenario for burning plasma experiments. But hybrid discharges are limited to moderate βN by the m/n = 2/1 instability, which onsets with small increases in βN. Using realistic equilibria based on experimental reconstructions from DIII-D, the stability of the n = 1 mode during the steady state of a hybrid discharge is computed over a (qmin, βN) space. MHD stability analyses do not indicate instability to the n = 1 for small increases in βN above that of the experimental discharge. Our results show that energetic particles significantly change the stability map in (qmin, βN) parameter space from the MHD-only result. Unstable modes are driven by energetic particles far into the MHD stable region in (qmin, βN) space. Three different unstable regions are identified, each being defined by the fastest growing mode and distinctly different frequencies. We examine sample eigenmodes from these three regions. At low qmin ∼ 1 the drive is associated with the fishbone mode, while the higher qmin ≳ 1.12 the drive is associated with the Beta induced Alfven eigenmode. Overlaying the experimental trajectory in the same (qmin, βN) parameter space shows that all three regions are in proximity to the trajectory. In the higher qmin region a mode with a broad m/n = 2/1 dominant structure is most unstable, while in the region of the trajectory the most unstable mode has a m/n = 1/1 component localized near the axis. Experimentally, a nonlinearly saturated m/n = 1/1 structure is observed localized near the magnetic axis. This agreement suggests that the m/n = 2/1 mode may be triggered by energetic particles in these discharges.


We discuss focusing error detection achieving smooth and accurate layer-accessing operations in a multilayer optical disc system. In layer-accessing operations, focusing error signals both unchanged on all layers and detected on specific layers are ideally required. We have studied two types of focusing error detection that generate focusing error signals with different characteristics in regard to spherical aberrations. These focusing error signals are obtained simultaneously by detecting the individual light beams returned by an optical disc, which are separated concentrically using the phase distribution features of their spherical aberrations. We confirmed the effects of increasing and decreasing focusing error signal amplitude against spherical aberration in simulations and the effect of increasing it in experiments. The selective use of focusing error signals according to the layer-accessing operation enables us to achieve high accessibility and high assurance in layer-accessing operations in a multilayer optical disc system.


This paper investigates the effects of Indonesias public family planning (FP) programs on fertility while controlling for economic growth and improvements in the status of women. A method for estimating program impacts is developed depending on a model of decision making for allocating FP resources that is used by the Indonesian government. This Indonesian allocation process provides a set of valid instrumental variables for estimating program effects on fertility. Results note that the government targets resources to areas of low contraceptive use and dynamically updates those allocations on the basis of program performance. This process implies that the fixed-effects model the usual method controlling for the nonrandom placement of programs produces inconsistent estimates of the effects of FP programs on fertility. However the model suggested a feasible instrumental-variables procedure for obtaining consistent estimates thus indicating that variables that shift contraceptive demand in competing districts are valid instruments.


AULIA MASRUROH. Correlation Between Breast-Feeding Practice, Food Consumption Patterns, and Learning Facilities with Logical-Mathematic Intelligence of Students at SDN 09 Pagi Jakarta Utara. Under supervision of ALI KHOMSAN. The aims of study was to know correlation between practice of breastfeeding, food consumption patterns, and learning facilities with logicalmathematic intelligence of students at SDN 09 Pagi Jakarta Utara. The study design used cross-sectional study. The total sample consists of 38 students of 4 grade. There was significant correlation between breast-feeding duration (p=0.000), exclusive breast-feeding duration (p=0.000), and mother"s education (p=0.031) with IQ, while energy adequacy level (p=0.039), protein adequacy level (p=0.017), animal protein consumption frequency (p=0.000), doing homework at home (p=0.000), repeating the lesson (p=0.000), studying accompanied by parents (p=0.000), owning learning room (p=0.000), owning school stationery (0.000), owning desk for studying (p=0.000), IQ (p=0.002), and age (p=-0.042) had significant and positive correlation with students mathematic report score. There was significant correlation between protein adequacy level (p=0.033), animal protein consumption frequency (p=0.000), doing homework at home (p=0.000), repeating the lesson (p=0.000), studying accompanied by parents (p=0.000), owning learning room (p=0.000), owning school stationery (p=0.000), owning desk for studying (p=0.000), and IQ (p=0.011) with students" mathematic learning test result. There was no significant correlation between nutritional status (p=0.301), sex (p=0.061), pocket money (p=0.826), father"s education (p=0.825), mother"s education (p=0.205), and family"s income (p=0.865) with mathematic report score. There was no correlation between energy sufficient level (p=0.073), nutritional status (p=0.807), sex (p=0.078), pocket money (p=0.789), age (p=0.097), father"s education (p=0.995), mother"s education (p=0.090), family"s income (p=0.596) with students learning test result.


The method of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used for the first time for the determination of impurities in high-purity germane enriched with 74 Ge isotope. In order to separate the impurities of permanent gases, C 1 –C 4 hydrocarbons and digermane the capillary adsorption column GS-GasPro × 0.32 m 60 mm with modified silicagel was used. For the separation of impurities with higher molecular weights and boiling points the column of 25 mm × 0.26 m, df = 0.25 m with polytrimethylsililpropyne sorbent was used. The identification of impurities was performed by comparing their experimental mass spectra with NIST database. In the absence of data in the database for the mass spectra of identified impurities or if the similarity of coefficients compared to the experimental ones were low, the identification of impurities was performed by the recovery composition of the fragment ions as well as using the mass spectra and retention times of impurities in the published litera-ture. The identified impurities included permanent gases, carbon dioxide, propene, C 6 –C 7 hydrocarbons, aro-matic hydrocarbons, homologs of germane, chlorogermane, carbon disulfide, and 2-chloropropane. The carbon disulfide, and 2-chloropropane impurities were identified for the first time. It was found that the impurities of homologs of germane and chlorogermane are isotopically enriched with 74 Ge. It was shown that the impurities of benzene, carbon disulfide and 2-chloropropane had displaced isotopic composition of 12 С 6 Н 6 , 12 С 3 Н 735 Cl and 12 C 32 S 34 S and are molecular isobars of 74 GeH 4 . The quantitative determination of impurities was carried out in a selective ion detection mode for mass numbers having the maximum signal/noise ratio. The determination of impurity concentrations were conducted by the absolute calibration of peak areas. The concentrations of impurities, for which no reference samples were found, were determined using the sensitivity coefficients depend-ent on the value of their detection from the total ionization cross sections. Limits of detection of impurities were 1·10 –5 – 5·10 –8 % vol. The correctness of the analysis was confirmed by varying the value of the sample method.


The article presents an investigation belonging to a master degree. The study deals with the dispute about structure, design and content in Resource Description and Access (RDA) drafts versions issued between 2004 and 2008, during delibertations and discussions accomplished by different organizations gathered by Joint Steering Committee for Development of RDA (JSC). The work enumerates a research problem, a theory framework, a hypothesis, an object and objectives.  It shows the main study results and findings from the comments analysis of the organizations that participate in RDA drafts discussions and the Argentine librarians' answers to a survey. The research conclusions examine the conceptual models in RDA arrangement, FRBR interference in RDA relations and a link between cataloging and metadata, along with an actual perspective about bibliographic control field.


In Africa, malaria kills nearly 1 million children annually. The high death rate has exerted extreme selective pressure for gene variants that protect


The deviation of chain of en-masse conveyor would influence service life of equipment heavily, which should be paid attention to. The reasons of chain's deviation of en-masse conveyor are analyzed. The countermeasures for eliminating deviation are put forward. It has got good effect after reform.


Deep learning frameworks have recently gained widespread popularity due to their highly accurate prediction capabilities and availability of low cost processors that can perform training over a large dataset quickly. Given the high core count in modern generation high performance computing systems, training deep networks over large data has now become practical. In this work, while targeting the Computational Network Toolkit (CNTK) framework, we propose new mechanisms and designs to boost the performance of the communications between GPU nodes. We perform thorough analysis of the different phases of the toolkit such as I/O, communications, and computation of CNTK to identify the different bottlenecks that can be potentially alleviated using the high performance capabilities provided by many CUDA aware MPI runtimes. Using a CUDA aware MPI library, we propose CUDA Aware CNTK (CA-CNTK) which does low overhead communications. Different datasets ranging from small to large sizes prove the advantage of our re-design, and how it can show similar results on deep learning frameworks having a similar execution pattern. Our designs show an average improvement of 23%, 21% and 15% per epoch for the popular CIFAR10, MNIST and ImageNet datasets, respectively.


By way of the Quantum/Classical Connection, the radii of nearby G and K-type Main Sequence stars map onto the atomic masses of Period 4 transition metals while the masses of the stars map onto the atomic radii of the same elements.


Soil respiration (RS), the soil‐to‐atmosphere CO2 flux that is a major component of the global carbon cycle, is strongly influenced by local soil temperature (Tsoil) and water content (SWC). Regional to global‐scale RS modelling thus requires this information at local scales, but few high‐quality, wall‐to‐wall (global) Tsoil and SWC data exist. As a result, such modelling efforts commonly use air temperature (Tair) and monthly precipitation (Pm) as surrogate predictors, but their site‐scale accuracy and potential bias are unknown. Here, we used monthly data from 880 sites across a wide variety of different environmental conditions (i.e., climate, ecosystem type, elevation, vegetation leaf habit and drainage conditions) to determine the suitability of Tair as a surrogate for Tsoil, and data from 507 sites to examine the suitability of Pm as a surrogate for SWC. Site‐specific linear and second‐order exponential non‐linear models were compared using model evaluation metrics (i.e., slope, p‐value of slope, root mean square error [RMSE], index of agreement and model efficiency). We found that Tsoil and Tair are highly correlated and explain similar RS variability. In contrast, Pm is not a good surrogate for SWC, even though Pm explains a similar amount of RS variability to SWC. The wide variability in the site‐specific relationships between RS and SWC means that no single relationship can be used for large‐scale modelling. The results from this study support the use of Tair in continental‐to‐global scale RS models, and highlight the urgent need for continental‐to‐global scale SWC datasets for the modelling and evaluation of future soil carbon dynamics under global climate change.


law, but rather as a necessity grounded in the needs of man and the nature of God and the moral kingdom.


We have grown InAsl-xSbx / Inl-yOayAs semiconductors lattice matched to InAs using a variety of conditions by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The V / Ill ratio was varied from 2.5 to 10 at a temperature of 475 oc, at pressures of 200 to 660 torr and growth rates of 3 - 5 J, / s and layer thicknesses ranging from 55 to 152 } i. The composition of the InAsSb ternary can be predicted from the input gas molar flow rates using a thermodynamic model. At lower temperatures, the thermodynamic model must be modified to take account of the incomplete decomposition of arsine and trimethylantimony. Diodes have been prepared using Zn as the p-type dopant and undoped SLS as the n-type material. The diode was found to emit at 3.56 I x m. These layers have been characterized by optical microscopy, SIMS, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron diffraction. The optical properties of these SLS's were determined by infrared photoluminescence and absorption measurements.


Abstract : The objective of the research reported here was to develop a specification method for the specification of abstract data types and an access control facility suitable for inclusion in high-level programming languages. The research was not intended to include the design of a complete language but instead involved the development of programming language features that aid in the development of languages designed for producing reliable software. A constructive specification method was developed for specifying abstract data types. Abstract data types are specified using the module encapsulation mechanism. A constructive specification consists of two parts: a logical structure specification and a semantics operations specification. The constructive specification method is described in the following pages. (Author)


The catalytic transformation of the heavy aromatics in bitumen into lighter components is the key to the upgrading and refining of the oil sands. To understand the chemical bonding in molybdenum carbide nanoparticle (MCNP) catalysts and the chemisorption bonds between the MCNPs and unsaturated hydrocarbons, the topological analysis of the electron localization function was applied to various MCNPs and their complexes with unsaturated hydrocarbons. For some of the smaller complexes, comparisons are made with the atoms in molecules approach, including the calculation of delocalization indices. The results are interpreted in the Lewis bonding scheme. It was found that the Mo–C bonding can be highly ionic in cases like Mo8C12 and MoC but shows significant covalent character in Mo2C, Mo3C, and Mo28C14. The chemisorption bonds between hydrocarbons and the MCNPs involve electron sharing of various types with strong covalent character. The strong three– or four–center interactions determine the adsorption configu...


The essential of ElectroMagnetic Interference and Radio-Frequency Interference (EMI/RFI) filters waveform which is usually presented is the Insertion Loss, depending on the frequency and measured with devices of normalised impedance. The real effectiveness of the filter should be valued in direct use, taking into account the real statistic common and differential mode impedances of mains and load. The initial information of the filter effectiveness may be incorrect. That is presented in this article by the modelling and simulation through an example based on a symmetrical elementary filter, which can be associated with a switchmode powersupply.


The paper gives a detail solution to build the telecommunication marketing system: first imported from various telecom production system of business data, built of aggregated data center of each system and the data were necessary regular; then, marketing for specific tasks, based on the characteristics of customer consumption analysis, find out the consumption characteristics of the target customers, and navigate to the target customers of marketing activities, and gives the corresponding marketing suggestions, and provide management and report module to support decision analysis. At last, the process of software design and development of marketing system is described in detail. In order to solve the marketing problems faced by telecom marketing, the marketing system is developed. In this paper, the design and implementation of telecom marketing system as the core, in order to focus on the positioning and recommendation of the target customers in the active marketing of telecom. The system in the use of data mining technology based, from massive customer data mining user groups, combined with the existing packages and tariff, and strive to accurately find the marketing opportunity to target customers, and to the user recommend a variety of packages or and meet the needs of users and to allow users to benefit from, the system will automatically generate marketing scripts to support the marketing executives who carry out the sale.


A knowledge–based expert system was developed to diagnose the vibration problems of turbomachinery. A two–step diagnosis was proposed in this work. The huge knowledge base was divided into two sub–bases, called Knowledge Level I and II. Knowledge Level I was first processed to extract a few possible causes, and only these possible causes were re–evaluated by Knowledge Level II. The main purpose of the two–step diagnosis was to speed up the knowledge processing and to make the development of inference procedure easier. The concept of certainty factor was adopted to handle the problem of reasoning under uncertainty. The possible causes of fault were ranked according to the certainty factors.Copyright © 1993 by ASME


Much has been written on how we see landscape; virtually nothing on the relation between visual perception and the weather. This essay is an attempt to take the study of vision out of doors. I argue that weather enters visual awareness not as a scenic panorama but as an experience of light. Rather than placing sight and light on opposite sides of a boundary between the mind and the physical world, I follow Merleau‐Ponty in claiming that light is fundamentally an experience of being in the world that is ontologically prior to the sight of things. Though we do not see light, we do see in light. Drawing on James Gibson's tripartite division of the inhabited world into medium, substances and surfaces, I link the relation between landscape and weather to that between surfaces and medium. Since weather, as a phenomenon of the medium, is an experience of light, to see in the light is to see in the weather. In the canons of western thought, however, the surfaces of the landscape are identified with the limits of materiality. This, in turn, renders immaterial the medium through which persons and organisms move in perception and action. Thus while the landscape appears to be real, the weather can only be imagined. Overturning this ontology, I show that in the perception of the weather‐world, earth and sky are not opposed as real to immaterial, but inextricably linked within one indivisible field.


Abstract : A model is presented of a Markov process whose state is unknown except when an inspection is performed. The evolution of the process is governed by fixed transition probability matrices P and Q under non-inspection and inspection, respectively. The costs of inspection and non-inspection depend on the current state. The objective is to characterize inspection policies which minimize expected total discounted cost. The following specific models are presented. Model I is a process which starts in state 0 and is terminated when, on inspection, the state is found to exceed some fixed value M. In Model II the process is repaired (reverts to state 0) when the state at inspection exceeds M. Simple conditions are given which imply that the optimal inspection interval is a non-increasing function of the last observed state. Model III is an inventory process with uncertain supply as well as demand. Given order size n, the number received is Binomial (n;p). Costs of ordering, storage, and shortage are incorporated. In the single period case, conditions are given which imply that the optimal order size is non-increasing in current inventory. This result extends to the undiscounted multiperiod case provided the holding cost is zero. A counterexample is given for a two period case with linear, non-zero holding, shortage, and ordering costs. (Author)


In this paper,a conclusion is drawn by comparing complex logarithmic property.By means of this conclusion,the irrationality of the proof in a popular complex analysis textbook is pointed out,and a reasonable method is presented.


This invention relates to a surgical guide to be used in bone restoration surgery in order to guide the surgical instrument or tool. In particular, the guide is characterized by fitting the implant rather than the bone.


In an investigation of 541 members of a hospital cleaning department, a prevalence rate of occupational skin diseases of 15.3% was found. During their hospital employment, 39.1% had it skin disease. Higher prevalence in the younger age groups can be explained by the selection of those with skin diseases for work away from the cleaning department. A large number developed their disease shortly after employment began. This was an indication that the observed prevalent conditions were irritant diseases. The distribution by diagnosis confirms this conclusion in as much as 75% of the occupational skin diseases were irritant dermatitis, 21% allergic contact dermatitis, and 4% monilia of the finger webs.


In Saudi Arabia, car ownership rates are considered comparatively high due to the lack of other alternatives, cheap fuel and car registration costs, and higher income. The population relies mainly on automobiles for their daily trips and primarily commutes alone, contributing to many negative consequences. Therefore, ridesharing is a transportation mode that is a suitable approach in such an area, since it can increase the occupancy rates and reduce single-occupant driving, which in turn can cut vehicle emissions, contribute to a reduction in vehicle ownership and vehicle miles traveled, alleviate traffic congestions and accidents, and decrease the need for parking spaces. Suburban universities are considered major trip generators and attractors. They also can offer a niche market for ridesharing programs. Thus, data was obtained from a survey performed at Najran University to investigate the ridesharing behavior among the university population. Following a descriptive analysis of the commuter survey data, a binary logistic regression model was adopted to investigate the interest in ridesharing. The estimation results show being female and non-Saudi, as well as being students and faculty members in general (versus staff), along with the presence of fixed (regular) work or class schedules, increase the likelihood of ridesharing. Since the probability of most of the university population (i.e., students and faculty members) toward ridesharing is high, the number of automobiles needed by commuters will be reduced, resulting in a higher transition to environmentally sustainable urban mobility. In addition, the university has many motivators that can positively affect the propensity to rideshare, such as the lack of public transportation, fixed schedules, a longer distance to campus, and a similar social background among attendees; therefore, universities or other large employers can take these motivators into account when planning ridesharing services.


At present, the higher vocational colleges have opened the software technology specialty, but usually some students have the weariness mood on a class or the professional in the actual teaching, and the teaching effect is not ideal. Therefore, uses task -driven teaching method to combine the pure theory teaching with the practical project or case. Analyzes the characteristics of software technology specialty in higher vocational education and some shortcomings of the traditional teaching method in software technology specialty in higher vocational education, mainly elaborates the implementation process of the task driven teaching method in software technology specialty and some matters needed to get attention in implementation, and explores a new idea for constructing the school-enterprise cooperation characteristic professional.


B efore the recent global economic crisis, African countries experienced one of the longest periods of economic expansion. Although Africa weathered the crisis much better than many other regions, its economies remain fragile and daunted by the challenge of achieving suf-fi ciently high growth rates. Yet, there are also many opportunities that off er hope for African countries to achieve sustainable growth in 2011. In this report, experts from the Africa Growth Initiative at Brookings examine some of the key issues that will matter for Africa in 2011 and beyond. Th ey provide brief overviews of the issues and give policy recommendations to African governments and development partners on how to leverage the opportunities for prosperity, while anticipating and overcoming challenges that could derail Africa's growth.serves that 2011 will be a year of elections for Africa with 27 countries expected to hold national elections. He suggests that while the elections provide opportunities to entrench democracy, they also present real challenges. He suggests that there is need for African governments and the international community to prioritize investments in electoral systems across the continent. Ezra Suruma focuses on the issue of confl icts in 2011. He discusses how political arrangements that facilitate better representation of ethnic groups in government have helped to resolve confl ict in some countries and should be more widely used in dealing with confl icts in the upcoming year. Moving toward Opportunity: Managing Migration for Development. John Page tackles the contentious issues of migration. He proposes that governments from developed and developing countries should shift their policy from control to managing migration and seek mutually benefi cial arrangements to take advantage of global migration.


Among the non-musical sources used by Egidius de Zamora in his Ars Musica, the most important is Etymologiae regarding the number of quotations. This work by Isidore of Seville has already been pointed out as a direct or indirect source in Ars Musica, but that influence has not been exhaustively studied yet. In this paper the focus is put only in the 17th chapter of Ars Musica because of the excessive number of references to Isidore of Seville. Texts on musical instruments by Egidius de Zamora, Isidore of Seville and Bartholomaeus Anglicus (the intermediate source) are thoroughly compared in order to find out how Isidorian contents have influence in Ars Musica and if they are present by means of direct or indirect citations.


Several studies have con fi rmed the role of hydrogen to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROSs) and to protect against ischaemic reperfusion injury (IRI) in the lung and the heart [1 – 4]. In a study, where rabbit lungs were exposed to ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP), the infusion of H 2 S signi fi cantly reduced ROS activity within the grafts [4]. This resulted in a signi fi cant decrease of lipid peroxi- dation, epithelial apoptosis, airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) proliferation and (interleukin) IL8 production [3, 4]. On the other hand, graft physiological parameters were improved in response to 2% hydrogen inhalation, while the graft is exposed to EVLP [1, 2]. During graft ischaemia and cold preservation, Na + /K + adenosine 5 ' -tripho-sphatase is inhibited, leading to increased Na + intracellular in fl ux and K + extracel- lular ef fl ux. The inhibited activity of K + channels leads to the failure to re-establish cell membrane hyperpolarization, leading to sustained cell membrane depolar- ization, impaired mitochondrial activity, enhanced activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen and Xanthine oxidases, leading to a signi fi cant increase in ROS production [5]. ROS stimulate ASMC proliferation, which may contribute to the development of pulmonary hypertension, and prime graft in fl ammasomes. The drop of the intracellular K + levels activates the primed in fl ammasomes to activate caspase 1, which activates pro-IL1 β and pro-IL18. While IL1 β stimulates ASMC proliferation, both cytokines Elaboration article describing the rationale for the checklist item but also highlighting many methodological considerations when developing or validat- ing a clinical prediction model [2].


The author of the article presents basic principles of the Theory of Wave Dualism of Cracy (Power), which are design for modeling and forecasting political, social, economical and cultural processes in the society. The theory consists of general and specific terms parameters that have multi-level characteristics, which can contribute to more correct verification of processes.


The Invention provides a method for producing a cytotoxic conjugate which comprises one or more maytansinoid molecules and a cell binding agent, said method consisting essentially of the single step of reacting one or more maytansinoid molecules containing a reactive ester with a cell binding agent.


Cotton is a crop of great economic importance in India. In the present study, H2O2 content, MDA content and LOX activity were estimated in the leaves (2 & 6) of cotton genotypes infected by sucking pests at 50, 60 and 68 days after sowing (DAS). H2O2 content, MDA content and LOX activity was found to be maximum in 2 & 6 leaves of G. hirsutum susceptible genotypes followed by G. hirsutum resistant genotypes and minimum in G. arboreum genotypes. The leaves of resistant genotypes had less production of H2O2, MDA and LOX as compared to susceptible cotton genotypes.


Background: Lipo–prostaglandin E1 (Lipo-PGE1) has vasodilating and platelet aggregation inhibitory characteristics and it has been used as a treatment for patients with blood flow dysfunction disease. Based on the mechanisms of lumbar spinal stenosis, including veno congestion, neuro-ischemia and mechanical compression, we aimed to study whether intravenous Lipo-PGE1 injection has any therapeutic effect on hyperalgesia in a rat foraminal stenosis model. Methods: In this study, twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the control (n = 10) and Lipo-PGE1 (n = 10) groups. A small stainless steel rod was inserted into the L5�� 6 intervertebral foramen to induce intervertebral foramen stenosis and chronic DRG compression. In the Lipo-PGE1 group, 0.15μg/kg of Lipo-PGE1 were injected intravenously via a tail vein for 10 days startin g from the 3 rd day after operation. Behavioral testing for mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia was performed for 3 weeks after the injections. Results: From the 10 th day after Lipo-PGE1 injection, the rats in the experimental group showed significant recovery of their mechanical threshold, and this effect was maintained for 3 weeks. No significant differences of the thermal hyperalgesia were observed between the two groups. Conclusions: These findings suggest that intravenously injected Lipo-PGE1 may be effective for alleviating neuropathic pain, which isthe main symptom of spinal stenosis, by improving the blood flow dysfunction. (Korean J Pain 2007; 20: 15�� 20)


The natural observation was conducted on a female baby named as Sunshine during one year from her birth. The results indicated that she showed the preference for the environment similar to maternal womb in typical situations of feeding, sleeping, and bathing. Based on this, the paper proposed the hypothesis that, the initial attachment of infant might be the attachment to maternal womb, and it might extend as emotional attachment of the infant after birth.


The purpose of this study is to monitor the microbial contamination of ice collected from food stores or restaurants from all over the country. From the ice collected on a regional basis, it was observed that the average number of total aerobic bacteria (TAB) of samples from Seoul was the highest, showing 2.31 log CFU/g, while that of samples from Jeolla-do was the lowest, showing 1.83 log CFU/g. The food-borne pathogens (Staphylo- coccus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes) were not detected from the ice. Also the average number of TAB of packaged ice (commercial ice) was 0.45 log CFU/g lower than that of ice from ice-making machine. Among three types of stores (the bakery, the dessert store and the beverage store), ice from dessert store showed the highest number of TAB (2.37 log CFU/g). This study suggests that the hygienic management of the ice from the stores is necessary. Therefore, to ensure the hygienic management of ice, not only the ice-making machine should be sanitized on a regular basis but also a thorough individual hygiene is required from food manufacturing workers.


Microstructural evolution of cold‐rolled Cu–5%Zn alloy during in situ heating inside field‐emission scanning electron microscope was utilized to obtain user‐independent parameters in order to trace the progress of static recovery and recrystallization. Electron back‐scattered diffraction (EBSD)‐based orientation imaging microscopy was used to obtain micrographs at various stages of in situ heating. It is shown that unlike the pre‐existing methods, additional EBSD‐based parameter can be used to trace the progress of recovery and recrystallization, which is not dependent on user input and hence less prone to error. True strain of 0.3 was imposed during cold rolling of alloy sample. Rolled sample was subjected to in situ heating from room temperature to 500°C (∼0.58 Tm) with soaking time of 10 min, at each of the intermediate temperatures viz. 100, 200, 300, 400 and 450°C. After reaching 500°C, the sample was kept at this temperature for a maximum duration of around 15 h. The sample showed clear signs of recovery for temperature up to 450°C, and at 500°C, recrystallization started to take place. Recrystallization kinetics was moderate, and full recrystallization was achieved in approximately 120 min.


Haemorrhagic hypotension, 50 mm Hg, has been inflicted on non-starved rats. Osmolar and solute developments have been followed in lymph and arterial plasma to assess diffusion and equilibration characteristics of the initial stages of haemorrhage. Lymph flow changes have reflected an intracellular fluid mobilization to the interstitium, caused by an osmotic gradient due to the elevated levels of glucose. A fluid homeostatic effect of pseudodiabetes associated with stress and haemorrhage is postulated.


The researcher in this article justifies the epsitemology of human rights to be androcentric and also justifies the need of adding the women experience to the existing methodology to bring in a justified balance in any policy intendent to bring in a egalitarian society. The article also tries to justify the famous discourse "Women Rights are Human Rights" and why feminist methodology should be used in tracing the evolution of human rights and in any research that is done in the field of human rights. Researcher also suggests various types of feminist qualitative methods which can help the human rights researches.


The invention discloses a preparation method of an ethanediamine intercalation tin sulfide compound. The preparation method comprises the following steps: putting tin sulfide and absolute ethyl alcohol in a polytetrafluoroethylene inner cylinder, slowly adding anhydrous ethanediamine, and then evenly stirring; tightening a reaction kettle, putting the reaction kettle in a muffle furnace, and regulating the temperature to 150-180 DEG C for 20-24 hours; and after the reaction is finished, centrifuging so as to obtain the solid substance ethanediamine intercalation tin sulfide compound. The preparation method is simple, and the obtained product is high in purity; and ethanediamine molecules enter into gaps of tin sulfide, thereby enlarging the interlamellar spacing of a layered material, improving the property of an inorganic material and broadening the application range of the inorganic material.


In this paper, we consider the problem of real-time optimization of an oil and gas production network. The production network is often made of several wells from different reservoir sections producing to a common processing facility. In this work, we exploit this spatial structure of the system and cast the production optimization problem into a distributed optimization problem and solve it using Lagrangian decomposition. We extend previous work on decomposition for static real-time production optimization problem by considering a dynamic real-time optimization problem. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method using a gas-lifted well network with shared resources and common capacity constraints.


This study examined the association between legal pressure and treatment retention in a national sample of 2,605 clients admitted to 18 long-term residential facilities that participated in the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study (DATOS). Hierarchical linear models were used to assess the relationship of background factors and legal pressure with treatment participation for 90 days or longer. Two thirds of the sample entered residential treatment with moderate to high pressure from legal authorities, and they were significantly more likely than the low-pressure clients to stay 90 days or more. Moreover, the difference in retention between moderate-to-high-and low-pressure clients was even greater in programs with proportionally larger caseloads under legal surveillance. The criminal justice system (CJS) can influence treatment participation and retention, and it appears essential for the CJS and treatment programs to maintain an open and constructive relationship to maximize their potential combined impact.


Introduction: A major application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is to uncover relevant information from big data. This technology could play major roles in medicine, such as identification of new targets, discovery of new molecules, diagnostics, therapy selection, risk prediction and stratifying disease. Aims and Objective: To provide a review of existing algorithms for the application of AI in research and medical management of asthma. Methods: We performed a systematic review of English scientific articles, using the PubMed database, until Dec. 2018. Search terms included AI, machine learning, deep learning in single combination with asthma term. We included papers focused on human asthma, based on machine learning algorithms. Results: We selected 136 papers on 253 found after excluding duplicated and papers which did not meet inclusion criteria. 52 (40%) regarded the application of AI in asthma pathway analysis, phenotype and biomarker identification, 77 (56%) involved AI in asthma diagnosis, early prediction of exacerbations and predicting control, 7 (5%) are related to AI as support to the management and personalization of the treatment. Conclusions: Standard validation method of these technologies has not been established and data used in each work originate from different sources. Hence it is impossible to perform a direct outcome comparison of selected articles for each application. Evidences of AI confirmed proof of concept, but in order to transfer AI to clinical practice a systematic evaluation of properties, effects, and impacts of health technology is needed.


The effect of diaphragm in grain on combustion performence of hybrid rocket engine was studied.The standard 100mm hybrid rocket engine of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics was selected as a computational model,and 98% hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)/hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene(HTPB)was combined as propellant;different hole diameters of diaphragm setting at different grain positions were computed by 2-D axial symmetry and gas-liquid two-phase flow model.The results show that smaller diameter of diaphragm hole and the diaphragm setting at positions ranging from 50% to 70% of grain length can obtain the largest averaged regression rate of fuel and the highest combustion efficiency.This conclusion will provide a theory evidence for design of the diaphragm.


This book introduces a novel approach that addresses the human aspect in the design process and incorporates relevant concepts that can help readers create and implement safe and efficient designs. The design of the visible elements of the road, such as horizontal and vertical alignments, the cross-section, intersections, and interchanges are described in this book. The book offers a unique guide to current and up-to-date practice, provides focused and comprehensive information, and contains material based on the author's career. The book takes a human factors approach to design, drawing on the concept of the "self-explaining road." It emphasizes the need for consistency of design and shows how this can be quantified. The book outlines the issues of the design domain context, the extended design domain concept, and the design exception. Good practice allows for the smooth and safe flow of traffic as well as easy maintenance. Geometric design is covered in depth. The book also addresses the underpinning disciplines of statistics, traffic flow theory, economic and utility analysis, systems analysis, hydraulics and drainage, capacity analysis, coordinate calculation, environmental issues, and public transport. The book is considered to be a practical guide for graduate students taking geometric design, traffic operations/capacity analysis, and public transport.


Most studies about inclusion of traditional minority groups and women on university campuses have been conducted at Predominantly White Institutions with student populations. This chapter focuses on the experiences, perceptions, and implications of diversity, belongingness, and inclusion of faculty at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). Data collected from students, staff, and faculty highlight the diversity and positive climate at HBCUs but indicate that there are important differences in how particular groups perceive inclusion. This chapter offers suggestions on how faculty and HBCUs can celebrate diversity and yet acknowledge, discuss, and act against the negative experiences that shape feelings of inclusion. The authors emphasize the role of HBCUs in standing for and leading discussions on diversity, equity, and inclusion.


Effects of glycosidases and periodate on glycoprotein NAD(P)ase Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 License. This research note is available in Fungal Genetics Reports: http://newprairiepress.org/fgr/vol23/iss1/5 eighth conidiotion bands. The tuber were later scanned with CI densitometer coupled to CI chart recorder. From these tracings and the previous growth front measurements, the elapsed time between the middle of the third and eighth conidiotion bonds was calculated for each growth tube. If this interval for on irradiated tube was shorter or longer than the average interval from a set of unirmdioted control tubes, then the difference was recorded os CI phase advance or delay respectively. Figure I shows the combined doto from nine independent experimentr. OS I* ~o*Icm.Iow IAND &se shifts ore plottedasadvonceordelayin fractionsof acycle versus the stage ot which the culture was irradiated. It is clear thot maxinwm 0.4 Phase odvonces occurred when ultraviolet light was administered mound ~ i 1-1 oo3(z the middle of the fourth conidiation bond. Lesser odvonces occurred when the light pulses fell during the early ond late phases of conidiation. In 00 00 0 0 general, only small phase shifts resulted when the tubes were irradiated " *Itoo0 O" 0 0 Lo0 D during the nonconidioted or interband phases of growth. A very few ini stances of substontiol phase delay were observed when irrodiotion occurr0 a" 01 ed during late interbond. These results ore partially in accord with the 5 0 : pattern of phase shifts thot Sargent ond Briggs induced with white light. f p 0~1 They also found maximum phase advances when white light exposures coi 0~3 incided with the middle of o conidiotion bond. However, they did ob01 serve substantial phase delclys with white light pulses administered throughout the late interband and early conidiotion phases of growth. 0~1' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' t 0.4 05 06 0.7 01 07 IO I/ I2 I~3 I. /, I~6 The effectiveness of short wavelength ultraviolet light could indicate was 01 "LlllYlDLEl 111101.110" IN CICLSI A,,*, Mm" or ,*110 cowIDI.rIoN S.ND o role for nucleic acids in the phase shifting mechanism. In this context it would be of interest to determine whether phase shifts induced by ultraviolet light could be reversed by visible light. However, o rigorous test of this possibility requires that there be phases in the cycle where ultraviolet light causes substantial phase shift while visible light does not. The rather close correspondence in the ultraviolet ond white light induced phase shift profiles makes this test very difficult,if not impossible,to carry out. Biology Division, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Konsos 66506. Urey, J. C. and D. B. Smith. Effects of some glycosidoses and Everse et 01. (1975 Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 169: 702) ex?tended thar earlier report that Neurospora NAD(P)ose (E.C.3. of periodate on the activity of the glycoprotein NAD(P)ose. 2.2.5)isoglycoprotein contoiningBO% corbohydratebyweight. Field et (II. (1973 Abst. Am. Sot. Microbial. Mtg.) reported that the enzyme reacts specifically with Concanavalin A demonstrating a-monnore or ~-glucose (IS CI terminal residue in the carbohydrate portion. We report here the effects of several glycosidoses and of periodate oxidation upon the enzymic activity of NAD(P)ose. Strain 74-01(23-IA wcls grown on solid Vogel's medium N plus 2% sucrose to obtain conidia. Enzyme was obtained by washing the conidia with 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer pH7.5 and removing the conidia by centrifugotion. Enzyme was also extracted from cultures grown on zinc-deficient Fries minimal medium (Koplon et al. 1951 J. Biol. Chem. 188: 397). After harvest, themycelium was homogenized in phosphate buffer pH7.5 and the debris removed by centrifugotion. These different crude enzyme preporations gave indistinguishable results. NAD(P) ose activity was orsayed by the cyanide-addition method of Kaplan et al. (1951). Ficin U-galactosidase (generously provided by Dr. Su-then Li, Tulane University) was incubated with NAD(P)ase ot 25OC in 0.5 M rodiurn acetate buffer pH4.5 for up to I8 hours. Jack Bean a-mannosidase (gift of Dr. Li) was incubated with NAD(P)ose at 25O C in 0.05M acetote buffer pH4.5 for up to 34 hours. E.coli B-goloctosidase was incubated with NAD(P)ose ot 3PC in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.0 plus 0.1 M mercaptoeth&~ mM MgS04 and 0.2mM MnSO4 for up to 37 hours. Rhizopus sp. a-glucoamylase (Sigma) was incubated with NAD(P) ose at 37oC in 0.1 M acetote buffer pH4.5 plus 1 mM phenylmethyln$ fluoride (PMSF) for up to 14.5 hours. B.subtilis a-amylase (Sigma) was incubated with NAD(P) ose at 25'C in 0.02 M phosphate buffer pH 6.9 plus I mM PMSF for up to 14.5 hours. In every experiment with each of these five glycosidases, no effect of the glycosidose on the activity of NAD(P)ose was detected. Since the NAD(P)ose was not pure, we were "noble to determine whether any sugar residues hod been released from the enzyme. We report in Table I data showing that PMSF does not inhibit NAD(P)ose suggesting that none of the eight swine residues in the enzyme is important for its activity. In the absence of PMSF, the proteinores in the Rhizopus and B.subtilis enzymes rapidly destroyed the NAD(P)ose. Periodate specifically oxidizes diglycols and ominoglycols and is used in glycoprotein analysis (e.g., Spiro 1964 J. Biol. Chem. 239: 567).We performed the oxidations a+ both pH4.0 and 7.5. At pH4.0 NAD(P) ose was incubated ot 25'C in the dark with 0.025M sodium metoperiodote in 0.1 M sodium ocetote buffer. At pH 7.5 NAD(P)ose was incubated ot 25OC in the dork with 0.0125M potassium periodate in 0.1 M Tris buffer. In both cases, the oxidation was stopped by mixing a 0.1 ml oliquot withO.3ml of 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer pH 7.5 containing 0. I M ethylene glycol. Then NAD(P)ose was assayed by adding 0.1 ml NAD &mg/ml) os in Kaplan's standard assay. The results in Table II show that periodate rapidly inactivated NAD(P)ose at both pH's. These results ore consistent with the possibility that the carbohydrate pation of NAD(P) o r e is required for its activity. The greater sensitivity ot the higher pH is consistent with the aminosugars being more important than simple sugars; however, in view of the small mnount of aminosugars in NAD(P) ase and the impurity of our enzyme preparation, this conclusion is tentative. These studies hove been terminated.


Cryptococcosis, the most common systemic fungal disease in cats, is reported to affect mainly the respiratory and central nervous systems. Cutaneous lesions, when present, are usually secondary. Affected cats are often positive for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) with one report suggesting that approximately 50% of feline cryptococcal cases occur with concurrent FeLV infections with or without lymphoreticular disease (FTLV) (1,2). As well, an ecological relationship between Cryptococcus neoformans and pigeon droppings has been identified (3). The case that we describe herein is unusual because upper respiratory signs ascribed to cryptococcal infection were not accompanied by any nasal discharge, sneezing, or visible cutaneous lesions; nor did the cat test positive for FeLV or FTLV. Our patient, a six-year-old spayed, domestic shorthair tabby cat, suffered from two months of progressive dyspnea with slight weight loss. During the last two weeks of that time period, antibiotic therapy with ampicillin (Penbritin, Ayerst, Toronto, Ontario) failed to alleviate the dyspnea. On physical examination, respiration (40/min) was labored, with a strong abdominal component, and there was severe inspiratory dyspnea. Mucous membranes were of normal color, and capillary refill time was less than two seconds. Rectal temperature (38.9°C) and pulse (142/min) were also within normal limits. The owners noted that, in the early stages of illness, the respiratory stridor could be relieved by opening the cat's mouth; this indicated either a nasal or upper respiratory tract problem. No sneezing was reported and there was no discharge from either nostril. The cat was anesthetized with halothane. Blood was collected via jugular venipuncture for a complete blood count, serum chemistry, and FeLV/FTLV (Assure/ FeLV, Synbiotics, San Diego, USA) using the ELISA method. There were slight elevations in neutrophils (82%7o), lymphocytes were small with increased N/C ratio, and the FeLV/FTLV test was negative. Dorsoventral and lateral radiographs obtained of the head, neck, and thorax demonstrated increased radio-


The role of selective herbivory on plant mortality and density was investigated in naturally regenerating post-fire Banksia woodland at Whiteman Park Reserve, Western Australia. The western grey kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus, Desmarest 1817) and black-gloved wallaby (M. irma, Jourdan 1837) are the largest native herbivores at the Reserve, and their impact upon the density of selected regenerating plant species in relation to time since fire was assessed. Both exotic and native plant species were well represented in the macropod diet. Density of plants within each species had no effect on selection. Defensive traits such as spinescence and tannin content also had no discernable effect on selection. The effect of herbivory and time since fire upon density was dependent upon plant species, with some species occurring at greater densities in exposed than protected areas. As expected, fire ephemerals declined in density with time, in particular Austrostipa, independent of level of herbivory. While herbivory appears to have a greater influence upon species density than fire, outcomes were highly species dependent. Results suggest kangaroos may assist in controlling introduced herbaceous species without detriment to native vegetation so long as populations did not exceed carrying capacities for the Park. The importance of continual monitoring of kangaroo populations is highlighted here, ensuring controlled build-up of combustible plant growth as well as maintaining kangaroo populations at a suitable carrying capacity for the environment.


High livestock densities in rangelands can result in reduced animal production due either to overgrazing or reduced per caput food availability, yet evidence for reduced animal production due to overstocking is scarce. Here simple animal production models establish the occurrence of overstocking in a traditional agropastoral system in the Spiti Valley of the Indian Trans-Himalaya. Empirical data show that fecundity of adult female livestock is related to total livestock biomass density (S) as a negative linear function of S. Total herd production is modelled as a quadratic function of S, thereby calculating an optimum livestock biomass density (Sop), at which total herd production is maximized. A sample of 40 villages showed that over 83% of Spiti's rangelands may be overstocked with values of S > Sop. Overstocking seems to be a classic case of the tragedy of the commons, as livestock is individually owned while the land is communally grazed. Recent socio-economic changes have probably contributed to high levels of overstocking. Even areas within wildlife reserves are overstocked. Conservation management needs to focus on creation of grazing free areas and management of livestock densities.


There is increasing concern about the severe endocrine-related health problems due to the discharge of estrogenic disrupting chemicals (EDCs) into the natural environment. In this study, we investigated the activation of monochloramine (NH2Cl) by biochar (pyrolyzed by cotton straw at 350 ℃ (Cot350), wheat straw at 350 ℃ and 700 ℃ (WS350 & WS700), and corn straw at 350 ℃ and 700 ℃ (CS350 & CS700)) for the degradation of estradiol (E2) and ethinylestradiol (EE2). Approximately 95% of parent E2 and EE2 was removed by Cot350/NH2Cl in buffered solution, and 87% of E2 and 75% of EE2 were removed in urine within 24 h. Electronic paramagnetic resonance analysis and radical-quenching experiments showed that biochar activated NH2Cl and primarily generated •NO radicals for the degradation of the EDCs. The nitrogen and silicon elements of Cot350 served as primary catalytic sites for NH2Cl activation, whereas the sp2-hybridized carbon on WS700 and CS700 played a major role. The effect of major urine components (i.e. ammonia species, chloride, and bicarbonate) on the reaction pathways of biochar/NH2Cl was also elucidated. This study provides new insights into the reaction pathways of NH2Cl activation by biochar and suggests potential applications for other carbonaceous materials for NH2Cl activation.


This study aims to analyze the influence of proactive personality and core self-assessment on employee performance in work mediation at startups in BLOCK71 Yogyakarta. The population in this study was 97respondents, which is then chosen usinga purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 78 respondents who were startup employees at Block71 Yogyakarta. This research uses quantitative methods with a questionnaire. The analytical test tool used in this study is SmartPLS v.3.0 with SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis method.The results of data analysis in this study indicate that:(1) proactive personality has a positive effect on work engagement (2) Core self-evaluation has a positive effect on work engagement (3) Job involvement does not affect employee performance (4) Core self -evaluation has a positive effect on employee performance (5) Proactive personality has a positive effect on employee performance (6) Proactive personality has a positive effect on employee performance mediated by work engagement (7) Core self-evaluation has a positive effect on employee performance mediated by work engagement. Of the seven existing hypotheses, the third hypothesis is rejected and the other hypothesis is accepted.


(57) Abstract: The material A method for encapsulating bio capsule, solution is passed through the bio capsule, then in bio capsule / solution system, so that while substances solvent escaping is left encapsulated It discloses a method of generating a Do changes.


We investigate a formal characterisation of interactional justice asa mechanism for self-organisation of institutional rules in an open system, in order to address issues of congruence, acceptability and risk. The process of interactional justice uses opinion formation over a social network with respect to a shared set of congruent values, to transform a set of individual, subjective self-assessments into a collective, relative, aggregated assessment. A negative collective assessment can provide a stimulus for self-organisedreformation of the rules of, or the appointments to roles in, the institution. We describe the implementation of a multi-agent simulator, and report resultsof experiments which show how interactional justice performs in different contexts:firstly in an economy of scarcity, and secondly in the presence of self-interested cliques. We conclude thatinteractional justice makes three important contributions to 'good' self-governance:in managing knowledge, increasing stability, and reducing conflict.


Apparatus The apparatus necessary for this work is illustrated in figure 1. The frictionless  table  shown is built by Leybold Ltd, but any frictionless table will suffice. The arm is a 2 ft 6 in strip of wood with two plates attached to each end. One of these plates i clamped to the table with two wing nuts so that the arm extends outwards from the table along a radius. The table shown is a very free running table when correctly levelled and does not need a counter-balancing arm. This is only the case while the arm is kept light-


History of the museum history of the collecting of old master drawings from the Renaissance to the late 18th century in the Ashmolean Museum catalogue - Italian schools, Spanish school, Netherlandish schools, German schools, French school, English school.


Abstract : Methods were constructed for predicting the effects of all-movable tail fins mounted on a conical afterbody on the longitudinal stability and control characteristics of submersible vehicles. A set of wind tunnel tests were conducted to obtain systematic data as functions of tail fin aspect ratio, taper ratio, span-to-body diameter ratio and deflection angle and vehicle angles of attack and sideslip. These data were then used, coupled with theoretical results, to develop the prediction methods. The methods deal with the characteristics of individual vehicle components (bodies, tails) and their mutual interactions when combined into complete configurations. Each method is presented in self-contained form, along with appropriate directions for its use. It is shown that the methods provide good accuracy for prediction of hydrodynamic control characteristics.


The operations of digitization, transmission and storage of medical data, particularly images, require increasingly effective encoding methods not only in terms of compression ratio and flow of information but also in terms of visual quality. At first, there was DCT (discrete cosine transform) then DWT (discrete wavelet transform) and their associated standards in terms of coding and image compression. The 2nd-generation wavelets seeks to be positioned and confronted by the image and video coding methods currently used. It is in this context that we suggest a method combining bandelets and the SPIHT (set partitioning in hierarchical trees) algorithm. There are two main reasons for our approach: the first lies in the nature of the bandelet transform to take advantage of capturing the geometrical complexity of the image structure. The second reason is the suitability of encoding the bandelet coefficients by the SPIHT encoder. Quality measurements indicate that in some cases (for low bit rates) the performance of the proposed coding competes with the well-established ones (H.264 or MPEG4 AVC and H.265 or MPEG4 HEVC) and opens up new application prospects in the field of medical imaging.


Compared with aspirin, the use of rivaroxaban (Xarelto) to extend anticoagulation beyond the initial six to 12 months to treat provoked or unprovoked VTE reduces the risk of recurrent symptomatic VTE without increasing the risk of bleeding. You would need to treat approximately 30 to 33 patients with full- or low-dose rivaroxaban to prevent one additional clot.


The main goal of this article is to find out whether or not PORTEK be a solution to teach vocabulary to English young learners.  Previously, there were some studies conducted to prove the effectiveness of PORTEK as English teaching media, especially in teaching vocabulary.  But the writer assumed that she needed to conduct one more study to conclude her previous findings.  She used library research with qualitative data to answer the research question.  The data from her previous studies were used as the primary data.  The result of her study was showed in tables to ease the readers get the conclusion.  At the end, it can be concluded that PORTEK can be a solution to teach vocabulary to English young learners.


Most studies of the response of terrestrial vegetation to climate change during the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) have focused on individual sites and sections. To get a broader perspective we compiled published records of terrestrial pollen and spores across the Paleocene‐Eocene transition at 38 sites around the globe. For the 10 sites with quantitative data PETM palynofloras were largely distinct in composition from those in the latest Paleocene or post‐PETM early Eocene. We also inferred paleoclimatic conditions at each site from the distributions of nearest living relatives (NLRs) of fossil pollen taxa among present‐day Köppen climate types. The NLRs of Paleocene high‐paleolatitude palynotaxa are most diverse in cooler climates, whereas the NLRs of PETM taxa are more diverse in warmer, wetter climates. At middle‐paleolatitudes NLRs of Paleocene palynotaxa are most diverse in warm, wet climates, whereas NLRs of PETM palynotaxa are most diverse in warm, seasonally dry climates. In the tropics there is little change from Paleocene to PETM in the climate distributions of NLRs. We compared changes in paleoclimate reconstructed from the Köppen distributions of the NLRs with those simulated from the Community Earth System Model (version CESM1.2). Paleoclimatic changes during the PETM inferred from palynological proxies are mostly consistent with modeled climate changes, including the expansion of temperate climates at the expense of cold climate types at high‐paleolatitudes and the expansion of temperate and tropical climates in middle‐paleolatitudes. Despite this concordance, modeled winter temperatures in continental interiors and high‐paleolatitudes remain colder than those reconstructed from NLR distributions.


Objective To construct the expression vector of anti-HIV-1 ScFv and diphtheria toxin fusion gene and induce it expresses fusion protein in E coli. Methods DAB389 gene fragment obtained by PCR and clone into prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a, and then transform into E coli. BL21 (DE3) for expression under induction of IPTG. The expression product was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Results Enzyme digestion analysis and PCR identification shown that the recombinant plasmid was constructed correctly. SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis indicated that the Mr 75200 protein in a form of inclusion body was expressed, which was the same as the fusion gene DT-hS120. The targeted expression protein was about 21% of total protein. Conclusion The expression vector of DT-hS120 fusion protein is constructed successfully, and procured high performance expression.


This paper presents an approach to analyze experimental data contaminated with noise from Anthropomorphic Test Devices (ATDs). This approach is based on information extraction procedures and they are illustrated through an analysis of Hybrid III 3-year-old and Q3 ATDs test data. The methodology used for extracting information and ATD test data analysis includes optimized filtering, spectral coherence, auto- and cross-correlation analysis, and Kalman filtering. This work investigates promising techniques of extracting information from noisy ATD signals that are not commonly used in the automotive industry.


ABSTRACT The author writes in support of Dr. Afanasyeva's open letter to Russian Minister of Education O.Y. Vasilieva. He agrees with Dr. Afanasyeva's assessment of the current problems facing the Russian academic community in terms of both the awarding of degrees and the process of publishing peer-reviewed articles. The reduction of publicly funded universities and the commercialization of academia have had a detrimental effect on academic standards. While relaxed academic standards have led to plagiarism and improper accreditation, the over-bureaucratization of the academic process has also led to unnecessary procedures that often stymie scientific research and the publication of legitimate research.


The Windsor Framework paves the way for the UK to join the €95bn Horizon Europe programme, but a lack of urgency from the UK government is causing concern, as Michael Allen reports.


Detailed observations of millimeter-wave emission from $sup 12$CO and $sup 13$CO are made throughout the bright-rimmed molecular cloud B35 and compared with optical photographs. A ridge of enhanced $sup 12$CO brightness temperature is observed directly behind and along the bright-rimmed ionization front which forms the western border of the molecular cloud. Measurements of CO column density through the cloud across both the ridge and the ionization front show that the column density peaks near the ridge and, like the CO brightness temperature, steeply decreases across the ionization front. It is shown that modification of the cloud conditions by shock waves can explain observations and account for the observed CO cooling rates in the cloud. Cloud heating by embedded young stars is also possible, and infrared observations are suggested as a means of distinguishing between the two heating models. (AIP)


Sustainable reuse of urban stormwater is inevitable in the fight against water crises in arid regions. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost ceramic filtration process for reuse applications of urban stormwater. Stormwater was collected from a storage pond located in Buraydah (Qassim, Saudi Arabia) for laboratory experiments. The filtration tests were performed in a continuous mode with constant pressure using a low-cost ceramic filter made of clay soil and rice bran. The removal rates of the contaminants (heavy metals) as well as the turbidity, suspended solids, and nutrients of the stormwater were assessed. High removal efficiencies for turbidity (97.4%), suspended solids (97.0%), BOD5 (78.4%), and COD (76.1%) were achieved while low removals were achieved for the nutrients: 19.7% for total nitrogen, 25.3% for nitrate, and 8.6% for phosphate. Removal efficiencies ranged between 36.2% and 99.9% for the heavy metals, i.e., iron, manganese, lead, zinc, nickel, copper, cadmium, selenium, and barium. Contaminant removal rates observed for the ceramic filter were also compared with the alum coagulation process operated in a continuous mode at an optimum alum dose of 50 mg/L. Similar removal behaviors for removal of turbidity, suspended solids, organics, nutrients, and heavy metals suggested that both ceramic filtration and alum coagulation can be effectively used for stormwater treatment. Effluent qualities of both the ceramic filter and alum coagulation met the standards, for recycling/reuse of wastewater, set by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and World Health Organization for unrestricted irrigation and toilet flushing. The study results revealed that ceramic filtration is a low-cost, energy efficient, and easy to maintain technology which can be complimentary to best management practices for stormwater.


Vitamin D (Vit.D) has an important role in protecting COVID‐19 patients. This study investigated the changes in vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression and interleukin 6 levels in patients with COVID‐19.


The invention relates to an interactive system comprising a receiver (10) of multimedia contents (C1) respectively associated with meta information (I1), a control module (20) cooperating with said receiver (10), an electronic object (30 , 30b) wireless communication range (R1) of said module. As an example of preferred application, the object may consist of a smart mobile phone, the receiver may be a television set cooperating with said control module (20) via a PCMCIA type of communication interface.


Implementing circular interactive teaching method in writing class in higher vocational colleges enables both the teachers and the students to obtain the feedback information promptly.By applying it the teachers can regulate the teaching process momentarily according to the feedback information so as to stimulate the students' interest and enthusiasm to study English writing,thus rapidly enhancing the students' English writing level in a short period.


A HEMT MMIC has been designed in conjunction with a model for a high speed 40GHz p-i-n photodiode to achieve minimum transimpedance ripple across the frequency band 4 to 40GHz. RF measurements of the MMIC over the frequency range 1 to 40GHz achieve a typical gain of just over 8dB. p-i-n diodes have been solder bump bonded to the MMIC. The measured optical response at a wavelength of 1.5 /spl mu/m is essentially flat to 20GHz (limit of current measurement apparatus). Further work is currently underway to measure the frequency response to 40GHz.


Baseline wander is a kind of noise that affects all ECG signals. We have recently proposed a novel approach to its removal which is based on Quadratic Variation Reduction (QVR). The approach has very favorable properties and has shown to be effective in removing baseline wander, while preserving the ST segment level. It requires the determination of a detrending parameter. In this paper, we derive a linear time-invariant filter approximating QVR. The filter retains (approximately) the same optimality properties as QVR. Moreover, it provides a criterion for choosing the proper value of the parameter governing QVR, as a function of the spectral characteristics of baseline wander noise. Simulation results show that the filter is effective in removing baseline wander, while introducing minor distortion in the ST segment.


The results of treatment of 230 patients with obstructive jaundice complicated by purulent cholangitis are analyzed. The advantages of nasobiliary draining in addition to endoscopic transpapillary procedures are demonstrated. The efficacy of epidural anesthesia in prevention of development of acute postoperative pancreatitis is proved.


METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of de-identified legal and medical affidavits that were prepared for adult, female asylum applicants presenting to the Weill Cornell Center for Human Rights from 1/1/2013-12/31/2014 for forensic medical evaluation. Definitions of abuse types, severities, and perpetrators were drawn from several sources to generate the coding tool that was employed to assess the affidavits.


This study aimed to determine the associations between home environment, behavioral factors, and BMI-for-age among children in Selangor. A total of 568 children aged 10.6 ± 0.6 years and their parents participated in this study. Parents self-reported their body weight and height and completed a questionnaire that assesses the home environment and their weight management knowledge. Body weight and height of the children were measured. Questions that assessed eating behaviors were answered by the children. A two-day dietary and physical activity recalls were used to assess the energy intake and energy expenditure of the children. The prevalence of overweight and obesity (28.3%) was three times higher than underweight (9.0%)among the children. More boys (37.7%) than girls (23.8%) were overweight and obese (t = 3.791, p < 0.05). Similarly, there were more overweight and obese parents (52.7% fathers; 46.1% mothers) than underweight parents (4.4% fathers; 6.2% mothers). Father's BMI (r = 0.178, p < 0.05), mother's BMI (r = 0.223, p < 0.05), availability of physical activity at home (r = −0.105, p < 0.05), availability of fat/sweet at home (r = 0.088, p < 0.05), energy intake(r = −0.618, p < 0.05), and energy expenditure (r = −0.639, p < 0.05) were associated with BMI-for-age, respectively. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that being male (β = 0.526), with low energy expenditure (β = −0.071), low energy intake (β = −0.026), high BMI of father (β = 0.019), and high BMI of mother (β = 0.047) contributed towards high BMI-for-age of the children (R2: 58.3%; F = 163.825, p < 0.05). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was high in both parents and their children. Family-based interventions that promote healthy eating and active lifestyle is recommended in preventing and managing childhood obesity.


A compact patch antenna with a notched contour is proposed, analyzed, fabricated and used for receiving 5G mobile communication signals in the FR1 range. The bandwidth at a voltage standing ware ratio $(\text{VSWR}) < 1.5$ is 340 MHz, the resonance frequency is 3.55 GHz and its total efficiency is higher than 73% over the whole band. The maximum gain in the band is 3.42 dBi, while the antenna is slightly directive with the main beam as large as 87.1 degrees. The measured versus simulated VSWR is not significantly different. With these characteristics the antenna is mitigating interference from other unwanted signals in the 5G band, especially when time division duplexing system is in use. After its fabrication, the antenna's versatility is checked in a receiving situation nearby a targeted mobile phone in real life usage conditions. It is demonstrated that its response conforms the initial established requirements.


The current study was conducted for the period from 1/9/2015 up to 1/3/2016 at the Department of Biology College of Education for GirlsKufa University.It aims to study the effectiveness of ethanolic and methanolic extracts for Iraqi honey beewax in the viability of protoscolices of Echinococcusgranulosus parasite In vitro.The results showed that the ethanolic and methanolic extracts for Iraqi honey beewax are very effective in the destruction of the protoscolices, and that the mortality percentage increases with concentration and duration of exposure to both extracts .The results indicated that the methanolic extract for honey beeswax was more effective than the ethanolic extract in the mortality of protoscolices, where the LC50 for the mortality of the protoscolices was 3.5 mg / ml and 4.9 mg / ml, respectively, after 15 minutes of exposure to the extracts, while the LC50 for the mortality of the protoscolices 1.7 mg / ml and 2.0 mg / ml respectively, after 60 minutes of exposure to the extracts. The results also showed that the LT50 was 39.8 minutes when exposed to the concentration of 2 mg / ml of the methanolic and ethanolic extracts, whilemethanolic extract led to the decimation of theprotoscolices in less time than the ethanolic extract, when exposed to the concentration of 8 mg / ml,where the LT50 of the protoscolices of 11.2 minutes and 20.9 minutes, respectively. We conclude that the methanolic extract of the Iraqi honey bee wax was effective in the destruction of the protoscolicesof the Echinococcusgranulosus parasite and for a period of time less than it is of ethanolic extract. We recommend the use of methanolic extract of Iraqi honey bee wax as fatal agent to protoscolices before a surgical procedure to remove the hydatid cysts .


Results of interaction of two-layer films metal–carbon are presented at thermal annealing. Films Cd, and films of linearly-chained carbon were used. As a result of thermal annealing at 450 ° С as have shown RFE spectra, are formed systems in which atoms Cd join carbon in condition Sp 1 through rupture π -communications.


The aim of the paper is to determine if sociodemographic characteristics of employees have an impact on loyalty. Is there a difference among employees, based on their education level, when it comes to loyalty expression? The next question would be: whether the employees at the lower work positions show different level of loyalty than those who are engaged in senior business positions? The research was conducted in March 2019 with 80 participants taking part in it. Half of these participants have a high degree of professional skills and work in senior positions while the other half has a lower professional qualification and work in lower work positions. The obtained information are processed using the SPSS program. The results indicate there is coherence between the education degree level, and the work position on the one hand, and the attitude of employees when it comes to loyalty, on the other.


Compositional remote sensing from the Lunar Prospector mission reveals the Procellarum- Imbrium region of the Moon, also referred to as the Procellarum KREEP Terrane, to be an area of significant enrichment of heat-producing residua (i.e., Thrich) of the early lunar differentiation. Previous estimates place as much as 60-70% of the whole-Moon content of Th into the crust and as much as 35-40% of the crustal Th content into the Procellarum KREEP Terrane [5], which occupies only approx. 10-15% of the volume of the crust. Although these estimates have significant uncertainty, the correspondence of the enrichment of Th (and other heat producers U and K) in this region is consistent with extended igneous activity, manifested at the surface by extensive basaltic volcanism and subdued topography. Such activity may have extended also to a significant depth, probably including the upper mantle. In this abstract, we present evidence based on Apollo samples for some of the most extensively fractionated lunar rocks types, including a Th-rich mare basalt from Apollo 12, and monzogabbro (also known as monzodiorite), granite, and alkali anorthosite from Apollo 12 and 14 samples. We relate these to likely exposures and sources indicated by compositional remote sensing.


The present study approaches the challenges for the strategy of the construction of an ecological neighborhood. Presents sustainable concepts showing the necessity of changes in the manner to produce, consume and interact with nature and the possibility of practices to deal with these changes. In an era of regional and global integration, local situations are affected by the dynamics in which they are inserted and the territorial management requires innovation and knowledge analysis. The article has the mission to question the sustainable land use of a neighborhood, within the environmental protection area, APA Corumbatai, Botucatu e Tejupa in the perimeter of Botucatu city, analyzing its different scales of influence and the hypothesis of the development of an ecological neighborhood.


The 1 347 college undergraduates in Shandong province as research object,with the RSR comprehensive evaluation method from the 10 primary physical structure of the indicators selected can effectively reflect the physical level of five indicators and its weights.The research has obtained the establishment of China's College Students in physical fitness level of feature model.This design is order to be the further guidance of the students physical exercise and the development of exercise prescriptions provides a quantitative basis.


The invention belongs to the technical field of unconventional oil and gas exploitation, and particularly relates to a device and a method for exploiting natural gas hydrates by means of thermal fluid fracturing. The device for exploiting the natural gas hydrates by means of thermal fluid fracturing comprises a fracturing fluid injection system, a natural gas exploitation system and a well system; the fracturing fluid injection system is used for providing high-pressure thermal fracturing fluid and injecting the high-pressure thermal fracturing fluid into the well system; the natural gas exploitation system is used for controlling the pressure difference between a hydrate reservoir stratum and the ground so that the hydrates can be exploited in a depressurization manner; and the well system is used for opening the hydrate reservoir stratum and guiding the fluid to flow into or flow out of the reservoir stratum. The method for exploiting the natural gas hydrates by means of thermal fluid fracturing is implemented by the device. The device and the method have the advantages that a plurality of processes for exploiting hydrates can be combined and used together, the hydrate exploitation efficiency is improved, and the method for exploiting the hydrates is high in prospect.


CASE IV.-A man, aged sixty-two years, became pulseless after amputation of his arm for severe and prolonged sepsis. The outlook was hopeless, but "Neo-synephrin" was given as a last resort. It was found that ordinary doses of the drug produced no effect; therefore 90 cubic centimetres were added to a litre of saline solution and the effect of variation in the rate of infusion was observed. A slow administration produced no effect, but when the drip was gradually accelerated the pulse became perceptible and the heart rate, which had been 120 per minute, slowed down to 96. The patient immediately felt much better. The optimum rate of administration proved to be one litre in four and a half hours. Unfortunately the man died; but even up to the last an improvement in the pulse could be effected by an increase in the rate of administration.


From the Publisher:
Partial Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems with Maple V presents all of the material normally covered in a standard course on partial differential equations, while focusing on the natural union between this material and the powerful computational software, Maple V. The Maple V commands are so intuitive and easy to learn, that students can pick up what they need to know about the software in a matter of hours - an investment that provides substantial returns. Maple's animation capabilities allow students and practitioners to see real-time displays of the solutions of partial differential equations; the enclosed CD-ROM is filled with such animations.


This study investigates the relationship among interactivity, telepresence, flow, and future behavior intention in internet shopping. Respondents were female consumers age 20 to 30. These consumers are regarded to have experience in internet shopping. 500 samples were used in this research. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis were used for this study. As the result, interactivity, telepresence, and flow affect future behavior intention. Flow is the most influential variable affecting the future behavior intention. It implies that hedonic shopping experience (aroused by flow) can increase the future behavior intention of consumers. Consumers can operate and change the product image with convenience by encouraging interactivity between the internet fashion shopping mall and consumers. Through the technology, the experience `flow` of consumers can provide a sense of telepresence as if they were shopping in a real store. Consumers may feel unconscious of the passage of time and feel fun, free, and original. Therefore, the internet shopping mall should pay attention to what customers demand and reflect it through e-mail, real time chatting, and text messages. In addition, rich product information such as detailed images should be supplied to help customers visualize looks.


Limbs dancers Mark Baldwin and Debbie McCullock in a sequence from limbs' new programme "After the Rain." Photographed by an unknown photographer in about 1978.
Quantity: 1 b&w original photographic print(s).
Physical Description: Silver gelatin print, 21.4 x 16,5 cm


Bacterial transcriptional factors (TFs) are key devices for engineering of complex circuits in many biotechnological applications. Yet, there are few well characterized inducer-responsive TFs that could be used in the context of an animal or human host. In this work we have deciphered the inducer recognition mechanism of two AraC/XylS regulators from Pseudomonas putida (BenR and XylS) for creating a novel expression system responsive to acetyl salicylate (i.e. Aspirin). Using protein homology modelling and molecular docking with the cognate inducer benzoate and a suite of chemical analogues, we identified the conserved binding pocket of BenR and XylS. By means of site directed mutagenesis, we identified a single amino acid position required for efficient inducer recognition and transcriptional activation. While this modification in BenR abolishes protein activity, in XylS it increases the response to several inducers, including acetyl salicylic acid to levels close to those achieved by the canonical inducer. Moreover, by constructing chimeric proteins with swapped N-terminal domains, we created novel regulators with mixed promoter and inducer recognition profiles. As a result, a collection of engineered TFs was generated with enhanced response to benzoate, 3-methylbenzoate, 2-methylbenzoate, 4-methylbenzoate, salicylic acid, aspirin and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) molecules for eliciting gene expression in E. coli.


A single dual-layer filter, combining sand and granular activated carbon (GAC) and maintaining the mechanisms of biological treatment, was studied in France as a possible means o i achieving high-rate filtration. Initial results attest that the dual layer far outperforms a single-layer sand unit, particularly with respect to the removal of suspended solids and ammonia. Using GAC for the top layer of the double filter ensures the removal of appreciable quantities of assimilable carbon and consequently has a positive effect on final chlorination and the palatability of the water. The dual-layer filtration technique is


Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PMC; ≤1 cm) is thought to take a benign course during the lifetime. However, recent studies showed high recurrence rates for PMC.


Good Governance and Smart Governments are optimising the use of ICT to change the characteristics of traditional government bureaucracy to smart government. The government opens itself by applying information technology in providing services to the citizen, businesses, and government under it. We are familiar with the concept of the term e-Government. Success in implementing e-Government is undoubtedly a concern of the government because it is the responsibility of the executive side. In achieving success, we also must look for barriers ahead. This study aims to find barriers and challenges so the success can be made. In this article, we will discuss the barriers and challenges to be implementing e-Government. The method used is a systematic review and qualitative analysis of using content analysis in empirical and theoretical studies. The results show the 34 main Barriers dan Challenges of e-Government services both in theory and implementation to get the right strategies and recommendation to improve public services.


We have read with interest the letter from Ayala et al1 concerning our article on resistant hypertension (RH).2 The first comment concerns a possible overestimation of white-coat RH by using 24-hour blood pressure (BP) as the criteria for definition of true and white-coat RH. Ayala et al1 stated that patients on ≥4 medications were true RH, and they should not be considered as having white-coat RH, even if 24-hour BP was normal. As contained in the American Heart Association definition, RH is a condition where patients remain above BP target despite the use of ≥3 medications.3 The inclusion in the definition of patients on ≥4 medications with normal clinic BP understands that these patients have been uptitrated to 4 medications because of …


This paper suggests an autonomous oscillation control loop for frequency read-out-type resonant sensors that produces outputs of variable frequency depending on the input of an external physical quantity. The design goal of the oscillation loop is simultaneously to stabilize the resonance characteristics of the sensor and to automatically track the resonant frequency in order to guarantee highly reliable sensor performance. To this end, the concept of automatic gain control (AGC) is applied so that the loop is designed to maintain the oscillation amplitude as one control objective. The second control objective is to achieve resonance condition tracking even when external influences such as disturbance and noise exist. For the verification of the proposed control loop design, an example resonant sensor system is modeled, and a control loop and controller that accompany the system are also designed. Finally, the proposed loop performance was demonstrated via simulations which consider practical noise elements. The theoretical results were further verified via sensor's transient responses and noise analysis.


To the Editor:

I read with great interest the excellent article by Dr Murphy and colleagues detailing the deleterious effects associated with red blood cell transfusion in cardiac surgery.1 Their multivariate analysis has demonstrated that red cell transfusion is significantly associated with increased mortality, …


A group of JP-5 fuels, which had passed all specification testing, were causing catastrophic turbine engine failures. Laboratory examinations of these fuels did not reveal any obvious compositional differences responsible for the unacceptable performance. Since fuel screening with full scale combustor tests are expensive and time-consuming, we investigated the use of chemometric analysis to predict fuel suitability from capillary gas chromatography. From a small group of acceptable and problem fuels, a correlation model was developed that successfully predicted fuel suitability, as long as the overall composition of the fuels was similar. To increase sensitivity and allow correlations of minor compositional changes, data preprocessing methods were developed to minimize instrumental errors and to focus the analysis on subtle compositional differences that were responsible for the unacceptable combustion performance.


Joining dissimilar metals by TIG welding was an increasing trend in automotive assembly. Effect parameter of welding such as welding current and shielding gas flow rate to microstructure and tensile-shear strength of tungsten inert gas weld joint dissimilar metals alumunium 5052 and galvanized steel with Al-Si 4043 was determined. Welding speed was kept constant in this research. The parameter of welding current was used in this experiment were 70; 80; and 90 A and shielding gas flow rate 10; 12; and 14 litre per minute. As a result of the experiment, it was determined that increasing of welding current and shielding gas flowrate cause grain size become smaller in weld area, HAZ of aluminum, and HAZ of galvanized steel. The biggest grain size in weld area, HAZ of aluminum, and HAZ of galvanized steel are 73,34; 117,7; dan 47,7 μm respectively.  The increasing of tensile-shear strength caused by increasing of shielding gas flowrate. The highest tensile-shear strength of weld got in welding current 80 A and shileding gas flowrate 14 litre/minute is 95,34 MPa. The lowest tensile-shear strength got in welding current 70 A and shielding gas flowrate 10 litre/minute is 59,67 MPa. keyword :  Tungsten Inert Gas welding,  D issimilar metal,  W elding current,  S hielding gas flow rate,  microstructure,  compound,  T ensile-shear strength


The singlet molecular oxygen-oxidation of tryptophan generates diastereoisomeric dioxindolylalanine (diOia) along with hydroperoxides, alcohols and carbonyl compounds. Mechanistic investigations based on isotopic labeling and MS/MS analyses support diOia formation through a dioxetane intermediate.


For the purpose of boosting the journal' s quality, the analysis in terms of the quantity (average quantity of literature cited), types, time and languages of the literature cited is made in this paper, by using the literature statistical method and citing samples of the literature cited in all those 377 articles published in the journal from 1999 to 2002. And the concrete countermeasures for improving the quality of literature cited is also given by comparing the above-mentioned with those in the journals of other two military institutes.