The objective of this study is to constitute a rehabilitation paradigm of sustainability of social enterprises to eradicate the impoverishment of Bangladesh by accumulation and anatomizing the germane mechanisms of rehabilitation. A sophisticated exploratory approach plays a significant role in measuring and ameliorating the functions of emerging social enterprises in society. Initially, assemble a conceptual framework of the pressing structures which impact straightaway the execution of impoverishment eradication based on pertinent theoretical foundations. Secondly, conduct questionnaires, interviews, and surveys to examine the effectiveness of various mechanisms on social enterprise for impoverishment eradication. Furthermore, the economic, social, and financial implementations of emerging social businesses intent on eradicating impoverishment are affected positively by the unique operational rehabilitation structures of governance, strategy, geographical area, and entrepreneurship. Thirdly, the approach of prime proportionate anatomize to evaluate survey data, and economic and social execution might evolve together under an inevitable accumulation of mechanisms. Eventually, the findings of the investigation directed the formulation of guidelines for strengthening and functioning Bangladesh's impoverishment eradication through the pressing rehabilitation structures of emerging social enterprises.


The performance of the manufactured products are often evaluated by several quality characteristics, responses and experimental techniques. In the present project a single characteristic response optimization model based on Taguchi Technique is developed to optimize process parameters such as spindle speed, feed and depth of cut. Taguchi's L9 orthogonal array is selected for experimental planning. The Analysis of experimental result showed that the combination of optimum levels of cutting speed, feed and depth of cut is essential to achieve simultaneous maximization of material removal rate and minimization of surface roughness. This project also aims to determine Analysis of Variance.


The successful deployment of automated vehicles (AVs) will depend on their capacity to travel within a mixed traffic environment, adopting appropriate interaction strategies across different scenarios. Thus, it is important to gain a detailed understanding of the specific types of interactions that are most likely to arise. The overall purpose of this paper was to present a methodology designed to facilitate the systematic observation of pedestrian-vehicle interactions, and to validate its use for both onsite and video based observations. A detailed observation protocol was developed to capture pedestrian and vehicle movement and communication patterns across four interaction phases. Onsite coders completed field observations of 50 pedestrian-vehicle interactions at a UK intersection, while video coders observed the same interactions recorded through a wireless camera mounted on a nearby rooftop. Results show that the observation protocol provides a reliable methodology for capturing patterns of pedestrian-vehicle interactions, with high levels of inter-coder consistency emerging across all categories of codes. A detailed examination of the specific descriptors selected suggests that onsite coding may be particularly beneficial in situations where the aim is to capture any explicit, and perhaps subtle, communication cues, whereas video based coding may be more appropriate in situations where exact sequences of behaviours or measurements of timings are desired. It is anticipated that this type of observation tool will be beneficial for AV developers to increase their understanding of how to interpret the movements of road users, along with increasing knowledge of when implicit and explicit communication techniques should be used.


Environmental noise measurements are usually performed in atmospheric conditions where wind and thus turbulent flow over the microphone is present. In such conditions the measured noise is highly affected by the wind-induced noise generated by turbulence structures present in the flow and microphone generated wakes. A novel approach has been employed to distinguish the contribution of wind-induced noise from the acoustic signal using Incoherent Output Power analysis between two microphone signals. Various experimental arrangements were investigated to examine the influence of the experimental parameters on the results obtained. The technique was successfully tested and validated in a series of indoor experiments in a small anechoic wind tunnel. Finally, a new approach for minimising wind-induced noise using the Coherent Output Power between two shielded microphones is proposed and tested.


We review the palynological and geomorphological evidence used by Sutton (1987) to support his hypothesis that seulcmcnt of New Zealand by Polynesians occurred substantially earlier than A.O. 800. Several sources of evidence arc misinterpreted, while others arc more reasonably in terpreted as natural events rather than as evidence of human presence. While we do not dispute that Polynesian arrival in New Zealand may substantially predate the oldest known archaeological sites, we cannot support an earlier seulcmcnt based on the evidence presented by Su11on. Kqll!Ords: FIRST SElTLEMENT, GEOMORPHOLOGY, PALYNOLOGY, ARCHAEO LOGY, KAH ARO A ASH, RADIOCARBON AGE, CHARCOAL


Habitat selection and feeding ecology of a reintroduced population of cheetahs Acinonyx jubatus were studied in a 16 000 ha game reserve in the Eastern Cape Province (South Africa). Seventy per cent of the reserve is characterized by very dense thicket vegetation (valley bushveld) and the remainder is open and savanna-like. The results illustrated a strong effect of sex and group size on the behaviour of cheetahs. The coalition (three adult males) killed significantly larger animals (55% of kills weighed more than 65 kg) than single female cheetahs (less than 2% of kills weighed more than 65 kg). Female cheetahs showed temporal and spatial avoidance of lions by hunting at dawn and dusk and positioning their home ranges [95% utilization distribution (UDs)] significantly farther from the pride of lions than did the coalition. The coalition hunted earlier and later than female cheetahs, and 46% of their kills were made in darkness. In addition, their home range overlapped that of the lions and they showed neither temporal nor spatial avoidance of the lions. The rates of kleptoparasitism were lower and the kill retention times were longer than those reported elsewhere in Africa, and it is suggested that this is a consequence of the cover provided by the thicket vegetation and prey size. The home ranges (95% UDs) of female cheetahs incorporated more thicket vegetation than that of the coalition, indicating that the coalition is less susceptible to predation than single females. These data suggest that cheetahs possess greater behavioural flexibility than previously reported, that they can hunt successfully in thicket vegetation, sometimes in darkness, that they are not restricted to killing small to medium-sized prey, and that they may not be savanna specialists.


This paper aims to describe a finite element model which will be used to investigate the stress distribution and reaction loads in fabric reinforced conveyor belt using the finite element analysis technique. These stress distributions will then be compared with a similarly proportioned finite element model of a cable reinforced conveyor belt. The finite element analysis results indicate that the stress levels in the bottom cover of a fabric reinforced conveyor belt increase with an increasing number of fabric plies and that the peak stresses in cable reinforced conveyor belt are greater than those found in fabric reinforced conveyor belt.


This paper presents a method for extraction of blood vessels from medical images using Fuzzy Morphological operations along with adaptive sequential filtering. The extraction of blood vessels from medical images plays an important role in medical analysis and diagnosis. Here the image and structuring elements are considered as fuzzy sets , so the fast implementation of Mathematical Morphology is possible. The basic idea is to replace the fixed size structuring elements by variable size structuring elements. First the segmentation is done using fuzzy morphological techniques, then a sequence of adaptive sequential closing and opening are performed in order to eliminate the background noise. The approach has been tested on a series of retinal images and results shows that it is a very promising and effective approach.


Business linkages are of interests to many firms as they can have positive impacts on firms' performance. Nevertheless, there have been few studies on possible influence of business linkages on motivation to upgrade workers' skills among small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Applying a Probit estimation model with Fixed-Effects techniques for panel data with a sample covering more than 6,000 observations of SMEs from Vietnam, the study provides key findings. First of all, the increase in the number of business linkages helps SMEs to upgrade workers' skills by reducing the percentage of unskilled workers. Secondly, the rise in workers' skills increases the probability that SMEs train their existing workers, but not new workers. Finally, the increase in firm size plays an important role for SMEs in Vietnam to upgrade their workers' skills.


In this paper, we outline a principled approach to estimate an individualized treatment rule that is appropriate for data from observational studies where, in addition to treatment assignment not being independent of individual characteristics, some characteristics may affect treatment assignment in the current study but not be available in future clinical settings where the estimated rule would be applied. The estimation framework is quite flexible and accommodates any prediction method that uses observation weights, where the observation weights themselves are a ratio of two flexibly estimated propensity scores. We also discuss how to obtain a trustworthy estimate of the rule's population benefit based on simple propensity-score-based estimators of average treatment effect. We implement our approach in the R package DevTreatRules and share the code needed to reproduce our results on GitHub.


Advances in crystal growth allow for precise control of crystal phase in semiconductor nanowires. The arising novel materials, like wurtzite gallium arsenide (wz-GaAs), are promising options for new and improved, mainly optoelectronic devices. To do this, however, intensive investigation into their electroninc band structure is needed. This can for example be achieved by optical spectroscopy like photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), photoluminescences excitation spectroscopy (PLE) or resonance Ramam scattering (RRS).
To date, many different values for the fundamental bandgap and higher electron and hole state energies have been reported and the band structure of wz-GaAs is still controversially discussed. In order to support the results gathered with an established PLE setup, it is desirable to conduct RRS measurements as well.
This work reports about the implementation of RRS into an existing PLE setup. Tests on wz-GaAs nanowires revealed a bandgap energy of 1.525 eV at low temperature (4 K) and of 1.46 eV at room temperature (295 K). Polarization dependent measurements suggest a Γ_{9v} → Γ_{7c} transition between the heavy hole band and the lowest conduction band. For transitions from the light hole band to the first conduction band a temperature dependence following the empirical Varshni equation has been found, yielding a light-hole heavy-hole splitting of about 50 meV at low temperature that rises to 90 meV at room temperature.


It provides an optical modulation device for a predetermined optical device that can easily be positioned at a position, the manufacturing method of the optical device, and a projector. Optics of the light beam emitted from the optical modulator holder 4402, a cooling chamber communicating the plurality of fluid circulating members 448, and a light source which is connected for holding the optical modulator enables heat transfer with respect to the cooling fluid in the cooling chamber disposed at a predetermined position with respect to the optical axis and provided with a through a plurality of fluid circulating members 448, a cooling fluid relaying (中繼) a cooling fluid relaying section (4401). Fluid circulating members (448A~448D) communicating with a cooling chamber connected to one end of the optical modulator holder (4402) of the plurality of fluid circulating members 448 is formed so as to protrude toward the other end thereof a light-irradiation side. A cooling fluid relaying section (4401), there is formed the insertion hole (4403C, 4404A) that enable inserted through the other end of each of the fluid circulating members (448A~448D) respectively.


This paper argues for the importance of intra-cultural variation (ICV) - the extent individuals of a culture vary on a particular feature. Methodologically, in making cultural comparisons, statistical significance is determined not only by cultural mean differences but also the ICVs of cultures. Ignoring ICV in making cross-cultural inference, researchers may interpret insignificant and inconsistent results as suggesting no cross-cultural difference, even though the difference may lie in the ICV. Theoretically, literature of cultural anthropology and organizational culture has documented the importance of variations and differences within cultures and their value for conceptual analysis. Reasons why ICV has been disregarded are also discussed.


format becomes apparent: the complex and uncertain history of maritime discovery is at risk of being reduced to a simplistic formula of heroic male outsiders, successfully meeting the challenges of an uncharted part of the world, in order to gain knowledge, profit, and glory for themselves and their countries, with or without the cooperation of the native populations. Let us hope that future editions of this book take a somewhat more nuanced approach, like Jane Samson's essay "Exploring the Pacific World," in Dane Kennedy's exemplary collection, Reinterpreting Exploration: The West in the World (2014).


The magnetic (or nuclear-spin) isotope effect, i.e., the dependence of the rate of recombination or disproportionation of radicals on the magnetic moments and spins of their nuclei, results in the fractionation of isotopes.A major role in chain oxidation reaction of organic compounds by molecular oxygen is played by the interactions of the peroxide radicals which regenerate oxygen.


I. Introduction.- 1 Maternal Employment and Children's Development: An Introduction to the Issues.- II. Longitudinal Studies.- 2 Maternal Employment, Family Environment, and Children's Development: Infancy through the School Years.- 3 The Influences of Maternal Employment across Life: The New York Longitudinal Study.- 4 Maternal Employment and the Transition to Parenthood.- 5 Maternal Employment When Children Are Toddlers and Kindergartners.- 6 Maternal Employment and Sex Typing in Early Adolescence: Contemporaneous and Longitudinal Relations.- 7 Maternal Separation Anxiety: Its Role in the Balance of Employment and Motherhood in Mothers of Infants.- III. Maternal Employment: Integration of Findings, Corporate Applications, and Social Policies.- 8 Balancing Work and Family Lives: Research and Corporate Applications.- 9 Maternal Employment and Children's Development: An Integration of Longitudinal Findings with Implications for Social Policy.


Abstract A 3D‐numerical model based on large eddy simulation and a wall model has been applied to simulate the flow field and bed shear stress in a channel bend. As the bed‐surface sediment distribution is related to the shear force and lifting force near the bed, a method for calculation of the lifting force experienced by a sediment particle in a channel bend has been introduced. With some assumptions and deductions, the bed‐surface sediment size distribution can be described as a function composed of shear force and lifting force in this study. By comparing with the experimental data, the function reveals that, with the effect of lifting force considered, the accuracy in predicting the bed‐surface sediment size distribution can be improved by up to 41% in the transverse direction and 46% in the longitudinal direction.


A novel organic–inorganic complex [Cu(en)2]3[α-PW11NaO39]·2H2O (1) was synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV, XPS, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction, constru...


Modern power systems require an additional supply of fast-frequency reserves to cope with the reduction in overall system inertia and damping caused by the increasing share of inverter-interfaced generation. Batteries are commonly referred to as the most promising option to provide such reserves due to their fast activation capabilities. In this work, we show that inverter-interfaced thermal loads, i.e. heat pumps and refrigeration, tend to accommodate a slightly quicker response than batteries and can thus compete with their dynamic characteristics. To this end, we derive characteristic single-input single-output transfer functions that describe the linearized response of different technologies and include detailed load characteristics. The performed time-domain studies for a low-inertia scenario clearly show that thermal loads can improve frequency damping to the same extent as batteries.


The contemporary ideal of education is regarded. The views of Russian and foreign thinkers on the problem of education ideal and goals in the history of civilization are analyzed; the dynamics of the educational ideal in the history is defined. Education is viewed as responsibility culture.


Research indicates that improving a pilot's capability to exercise sound judgment and make informed and timely decisions may significantly improve flight safety. One approach to this problem is the introduction of scenario-based training (SBT) into flight training curriculums. At the request of the Cirrus Owner's and Pilots Association (COPA), the author developed and conducted four 3-hour scenario based seminars embodying these concepts and collected initial data from the 54 participants. A longitudinal study of this initial group will form the basis for additional


In this paper, we propose a new method to generate a continuous belief functions from a multimodal probability distribution function defined over a continuous domain. We generalize Smets' approach in the sense that focal elements of the resulting continuous belief function can be disjoint sets of the extended real space of dimension n . We then derive the continuous belief function from multimodal probability density functions using the least commitment principle. We illustrate the approach on two examples of probability density functions (unimodal and multimodal). On a case study of Search And Rescue (SAR), we extend the traditional probabilistic framework of search theory to continuous belief functions theory. We propose a new optimization criterion to allocate the search effort as well as a new rule to update the information about the lost object location in this latter framework. We finally compare the allocation of the search effort using this alternative uncertainty representation to the traditional probabilistic representation.


This study constitutes a part of the attempt to clarify the process of ignition of general higher hydrocarbon fuels following a suddn homogeneous heating. A special shock-tube device was constructed in which two plane shock waves of equal strengths collide with each other in the observation plane to form a stagnant region of controlled temperature and pressure free the cooling effects in the test gas. The oxidation reaction of butane-oxygen mixtures and the decomposition reaction (in the absence of oxygen) of butane were observed. Especially, the heat absorption rate in the latter reaction at various temperatures was determined in situ from pressure and (interferometric) density recordings, and the corresponding decomposition rate constant was deduced. The ignition delays of butane-oxygen mixtures were measured with much better time resolution than in the previous incident-shock study (with an overall agreement with the previous data) but a randomness in the appearance of ignition spots was observed which constituted a source of the scatter in the data. The half life of butane subject to thermal decomposition was demonstrated to be shorter than the ignition delay below about 1100°K, but to become longer than the latter above this temperature. these findings are considered to help in the modelling of the ignition mechanism of hydrocarbon fuels.


1-Methyl-2,4,5-trinitroimidazole(MTNI)is an important polynitro imidazole compound.It was synthesized from imidazole by nitration in two steps,followed by thermal rearrangement in chlorobenzene,further nitration and methylation,in an overal yield of 23%.The optimum conditions were obtained as the following:n(1,4-dinitroimidazole):n(chlorobenzene)=1:30,reaction temperature 123±2℃ and reaction time 6h.


Historical data of auroral phenomena seen from Japan since the seventh century are summarized in this communication. Among several reference-books1 used, the chief was Nippon Kisho-Shiryo ("Historical Data on Meteorology in Japan"). This book gives the historical data from 176 B.C. to A.D. 1887 for outstanding meteorological occurrences, including aurorae; they are in the form of short quotations from various old books of Japanese history, essays, diaries, letters, manuscripts, and so on. In old Japan, people described the phenomena like aurorae by the phrase "unusual red (sometimes yellow or white) skylight." In Nippon Kisho-Shiryo, all the data specified by that phrase are classified as aurorae. In some cases, however, there may have been confusion with other phenomena, like zodiacal light or twilight. For this reason, the data described in the old literature have been carefully examined and the reliability of each report has been assessed, taking into account time of occurrence, direction, number of independent observations, etc. On this basis, the data have been classified into five groups, with indices varying from 1 (certain identification with aurora) to 5 (unlikely). A total of 33 cases listed in Nippon Kisho-Shiryo have been excluded on the grounds of being extremely unlikely.


Genetic diversity of 60 Myanmar Sein Ta Lone mango accessions from 21 orchards within three locations in Kyaukse District was studied in this research. 9 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were used to study the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among the collected mango accessions. Total of 48 scorable bands were observed on amplification with the sizes ranging between 110bp and 369bp. Polymorphic information content (PIC) of 9 SSR markers were 0.265 to 0.74 with an average of 0.421 per marker. The optimal annealing temperature of the primers was 42 to 58°C in range. By using UPGMA cluster analysis, it grouped all the accessions from three locations with a genetic similar coefficient between 0.68-0.96. There was no clone in each orchard and the least dissimilarity was ~ 4% in SM orchard in location 1, SH orchard and SPu orchard in location 2 and STM orchard in location 3. In the present study, analysis of genetic study by means of microsatellite markers showed high genetic diversity of Sein Ta Lone mango accessions and a mix pattern of the accessions within three locations.


Taiwan guarantees thorough and trustworthy dossier information by the right restriction and the right security in pretrial procedures.The establishment of the hearsay rules and the performance of the trial center doctrine can effectively guarantee the right to cross examination of the accused and the true finding of an entity.It is a good reference that the criminal dossier system can't be abolished and that it should be reformed by four mainly ways for the relative systems of the Chinese Mainland.


In physical measurements of exponentially decaying pulses, two questions naturally arise: (1) Is the waveform really just a simple exponential? (2) And if so, what is the time constant? It is shown here both of these questions can be answered easily by using a phase‐plane plot rather than by the conventional time‐function display.


In this paper we propose a new lubricated journal bearing based on piezoelectric actuators. The actuators are used to generate traveling waves on the internal surface of the bearing. The radial displacements can influence the oil film thickness modifying the pressure distribution in the journal bearing gap. This link can be used to control the fluid film force in order to: 1) avoid instability of the rotor 2) to drive the rotor through of the friction force field generated on it. Key-Words: Journal Bearing, Traveling Wave, Piezoelectric Actuator, Dynamic Instability, Ultrasonic Journal Bearing.


PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA is an integral part of the multiple endocrine adenomatosis type II (MEA II) and has been reported in patients with multiple endocrine adenomatosis type I (MEA I). 1 The clinical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma may not be suspected in these patients, since they are often normotensive and may have normal biochemical study results. 2,3 Yet the detection of pheochromocytoma in patients with MEA syndromes is important, since surgery for associated tumors may precipitate hypertensive crises. 3 Computed tomography (CT) is an imaging modality that can noninvasively detect adrenal tumors with a high degree of accuracy. 4 The purpose of this communication is to discuss the role of CT in the detection of pheochromocytoma in patients with MEA syndromes. Report of Cases Case 1.— A 38-year-old woman with a 17-year history of metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma complained of a recent onset of pulsatile headaches. These episodes lasted two to three minutes


This paper deals with manufacturing process design of a simplified gun tube applying CE principle. A concept and characteristics of CE, mathematical model for understanding interaction between design and manufacturing, basic elements and related equations for process planning and cost estmating are introduced. A Knowledge-based Computer-Aided Process Planning System (KCAPPS) is constructed, yielding optimal production cost/time for shape input and selection of machine and tool


Information about movies can be easily seen in cyberspace. However, not all film sites present relevant and accurate information as examples of high rating films but have bad comments. In addition, there is a review that has not been accompanied by ratings and the genre is unknown. The classification of input data in the form of text will be processed and classified into the same or similar class using the Neighbor-Weighted K-Nearest Neighbor (NW-KNN) method. The NW-KNN method is able to classify well for data that is not evenly distributed by giving weights to each class in the system. The description text of the film will be classified into 10 classes with the number of training data as many as 1028, while the movie review text will be classified into 5 classes with the number of training data as many as 10032. The results of system testing indicate that the NW-KNN method produces an accuracy of 96.6% film genre and 86.85% to classify film reviews into movie ratings.


The Social Indicators Movement which emerged in the late 1960s was motivated by a broad and appealing idea. It is important to monitor changes over time in a wide range of quality of life, both for a population as a whole and for its significant subgroups, because such information, when combined with other data, can generate new knowledge about how to increase quality of life through more effective social policies.


In this paper, we discuss current and possible methods for synthesizing circuits using autoassociative neural networks. The ability of these networks to automatically converge to stable states when given an unknown input makes them suitable for storing and retrieving design information for a circuit. We demonstrate the use of the Hopfield network for realizing an amplifier and a filter. The limitations of the Hopfield network and the possible use of other neural network architectures are discussed in conclusion.


The dead-cone effect has been predicted to reduce the magnitude of energy loss and jet quenching for heavy flavors produced with large p{sub T} in heavy-ion collisions. On the contrary, data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider demonstrate a strong suppression of high-p{sub T} electrons from charm and bottom decays. We show that vacuum radiation of a highly virtual quark produced at high p{sub T} with a stripped-off color field develops a much wider dead cone, which screens the one related to the quark mass. Lacking the field, gluons cannot be radiated within this cone until the color field is regenerated and the quark virtuality cools down to the scale of the order of the quark mass. However, this takes longer than is essential for the observed jet quenching, leading to similar nuclear effects for the light and charm quark jets. Open beauty is expected to radiate much less within the p{sub T} range studied so far in heavy-ion collisions.


A new forma of Juglans L.from Guizhou is reported.It is named Juglans regia L.f.luodianense Liu et Xu.To J.regia L.,it differs in the following aspects:nut diameter(3 to 4 cm) is short as well as stable,there are more leaflets(7 to 13) and lateral nerves(13 to 17) in compound leaf,florescence(Mar.to Apr.) and fruit period(Sep.) are earlier.


Partial acetolysis of Bletilla-glucomannan, the mucilage from the tubers of Bletilla striata REICHENBACH fil., has led to the isolations of fourteen oligosaccharides. Analysis of components, methylation and partial degradation studies provided the evidences that they are O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-mannopyranose, O-α-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-mannopyranose, O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose, O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-mannopyranose, O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose, O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-mannopyranose, O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-mannopyranose, O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose, O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose, O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-mannopyranose, O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-mannopyranose, O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-mannopyranose, O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-mannopyranose, and O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-D-mannopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-mannopyranose. Among them, it is conceivable that mannobiose having α-glycosidic linkage is the artifact produced during the reaction.


This article develops a strategic and interest-based framework to describe how organizations shape the content, meaning, and effects of the laws that govern their actions. Prior work has demonstrated the endogenous nature of legal change by examining how organizational responses to ambiguous legislative mandates can become institutionalized and accepted by courts as legitimate indicators of compliance. Although these studies have generated insights about how organizations influence the law, the institutional pathways examined in this literature represent only one of many sources of legal endogeneity. This article offers a substantial reconceptualization of legal endogeneity that includes a broader set of both strategic and institutional processes. The authors identify three strategies by which organizations actively seek to alter stable legal environments and produce endogenous change. First, organizations take advantage of the flexibility inherent in any system of rules to reinterpret the law. Second, organizations engage in new activities not covered by existing rules, and thus innovate around the law. Third, organizations engage legislatures to change existing laws or propose new ones. We identify and explore these strategies through an analysis of the slow demise of the separation of commercial and investment banking established in the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933.


Among various commercially available energy storage devices, lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) stand out as the most compact and rapidly growing technology. This multicomponent system operates on coupled dynamics to reversibly store and release electricity. With the hierarchical electrode architectures inside LIBs, versatile functionality can be realized by design, while considerable difficulties remain to be solved to fully exploit the capability of each constituent. With the rapid electrification of the transportation sector and an urgent need to overhaul electric grids in the context of renewable energy penetration, demands for concomitant high energy and high power batteries are continuously increasing. Although building an ideal battery requires effort from multiple scientific and engineering aspects, it is imperative to gain insight into multiscale transport behaviors arising in both spatial and temporal dimensions, and enable their harmonic integration inside the whole battery system. In this progress report, recent research efforts on characterizing and understanding transport kinetics in LIBs are reviewed covering a broad range of electrode materials and length scales. To demonstrate the crucial role of such information in revolutionary electrode design, examples of innovative high energy/power electrodes are provided with their unique hierarchical porous architectures highlighted. To conclude, perspectives on further approaches toward advanced thick electrode designs with fast kinetics and tailored properties are discussed.


Ichnological studies are still in their infancy when it comes to the interpretation of deep‐marine deposits. The Eocene–Oligocene turbidite system of the Grès d'Annot Formation in south‐east France is well‐studied sedimentologically, but its trace‐fossil content is poorly known. Here, an integrated ichnological–sedimentological study is presented from the Annot sub‐basin for the first time, which demonstrates its value for interpreting proximal to distal and axial to marginal trends in confined turbidite systems. A comprehensive trace‐fossil data set was collected from seven outcrops situated in the southern part of the basin. These data are presented following a morphology‐based classification scheme to allow easy recognition and characterization of ichnotaxa. Ichnodiversity and the abundance of ichnotaxa are regarded as important parameters in such interpretations. Instead of simply counting ichnotaxa per outcrop or stratigraphic unit, an equation has been developed in which the 'ichnoabundance' (new term) of each counted ichnotaxon is calculated. An exponential growth factor is applied to the increase of the frequency of trace fossils, and is assumed in this equation to better reflect the population dynamics of benthic organisms. A comparison of the solution for pre‐turbidite and post‐turbidite trace‐fossil suites seems to be more suitable for revealing regional and stratigraphic trends compared with conventional approaches. Despite varying size and conditions of the studied outcrops, the results achieved from the Grès d'Annot Formation can help in the reconstruction of sedimentary processes acting in this confined turbidite basin.


Y. W. Tsang and C. F. Tsang Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Earth Scie~ces Division University of California Berkeley, California 94720 LBL-21310 Based on a review of recent theoretical and experimental studies of flow through fractured rocks, we have studied the fluid flow and solute transport in a tight fractured medium in terms of flow through channels of variable aperture. The channels are characterized by a aperture density distribution and a spatial correlation parameter. Aperture profiles along the channels are statistically generated and compared to laboratory measurements of fracture surfaces. Calculated tracer transport between two points in the fractured media is by way of a number of such channels. 'Tracer breakthrough curves display features that correspo)(]!d well with recent data by Moreno et al., which lends support to the validity to our model. Calculated pressure profiles along the channels suggest possible measurements that may be useful in identifying the geometrical characteristics of the channels. Finally, predictions were made for tracer breakthrough curves in the case of single fracture under various degree of normal stress. These suggested possible laboratory experiments which may be performed to validate this conceptual model.


The utility model relates to an integral multiple-combination hollow-shaped material window, which is improved on the basis of ZL99217051.6. The utility model comprises a window frame provided with a dismountable rail, a mullion, a window sash and an accessory. One end of a main cavity of the frame material of the window sash extends out, and the other end of the main cavity is provided with a press bar slot used for the installation of a glass press bar. One end of a subsidiary cavity reversely extends out, and the inner side of the end is a plane surface. The other end of the outer surface of the subsidiary cavity is provided with a seal slot. The utility model can realize the arbitrary combination of sliding windows, casement windows, suspended windows and fixed windows. The integral strength is high, and the utility model can satisfy the design requirements in maximum.


The present invention discloses a negative electrode active material of lithium ion battery, the negative electrode active material is a core-shell structure, the core layer of the core-shell structure of carbon material, the carbon source material is selected from natural spherical graphite, soft carbon and hard carbon, at least one of; the core-shell structure of the outer shell layer comprising amorphous carbon, tin-cobalt alloy and carbon nanotubes; with respect to 100 parts by weight of the carbon source material, the content of amorphous carbon is 1.5 to 8 parts by weight, tin-cobalt content of the alloy is 5 to 20 parts by weight, the content of carbon nanotubes is 0.5 to 3 parts by weight. The present invention further provides a method for preparing the negative electrode active material of a lithium ion battery, the negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery comprising the negative electrode active material, a lithium ion battery comprising the negative electrode material of the negative electrode, the negative electrode containing a lithium ion battery. The present invention provides the use of a high lithium ion battery having a core-shell structure of the lithium ion battery negative electrode active material made of a first efficiency, volume, high capacity, high rate performance, cycle stability.


is an enabling technology in support of Cloud Computing. Hadoop which is a mapReduce implementation has been widely used in developing MapReduce applications. This paper presents Hadoop simulator- HaSim, MapReduce simulator which builds on top of Hadoop. HaSim models large number of parameters that can affect the behaviors of MapReduce nodes, and thus it can be used to tune the performance of a MapReduce cluster. HaSim is validated with both benchmark results and user customized MapReduce applications.


The management of facial trauma, though frequent, is a demanding aspect of work, a maxillofacial surgeon encounters in his practice. Mandible being the prominent and mobile bone of orofacial skeleton, fractures is common in occurrence. Rigid internal fixation in facial bone fractures is aimed to obtain absolute stability and immobilization. The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical outcome in ten patients who underwent open reduction and rigid internal fixation with lag screw osteosynthesis technique for mandibular fractures.


As will surely be clear in this discussion, I am not an economist. Thus, my use of the word "productivity" may not be in strict agreement with the quantitative definitions used by my colleagues in the economics profession. However, I do not believe they will be outraged at my use of the concepts related to it. The goods and services produced per working hour in the United States are larger in physical quantities and in economic value today than ten years ago. But that is correct only in the macroscopic sense. It is not true for steel, but it is dramatically true for computing capacity. The statement tends to be stronger for the high technology areas, and for industries which Invest most heavily in R&D.l


The present invention relates to a system and method for the origination station broadcasts a broadcast program to at least one of the plurality of receiving stations. A first destination station (or the first group receiving station) receives the first registration period parameter from the origination station. First registration period parameter specifies a first period must first receiving station is registered with the origination station. A first receiving station is able to block a registration request that any attempt that occurs outside the first period. Alternatively, the receiving station may reject a registration request that any attempt by the first destination station that occurs outside the first period. If the first transmission before the registration request from the receiving station a first period begins, the receiving station may request registration until a request is sent periodically within a first time period.


Boltzmann kinetic equations governing energy spectra distribution of fast particles in nuclear induced plasma are defined and presented for continuous fissionable plasma interacting with neutrons. The formation of electrons energy distribution crucially depends on energy distribution of fission fragments and cannot be treated separately and their distributions self consistently affect on electrons energy spectra time evolution and their degradation in space. So the self-consistent system of Boltzmann kinetic equations for both electrons and fission fragments are proposed and discussed for helium-3 plasma. Primary electrons spectra analytical expressions are derived and the first order approximation presented on the assumption that energy spectra of protons and tritium nuclei have monochromatic energy spectra created by helium-3 fissioning in neutron flux. Any gas irradiated by highly energetic particles demonstrates its modified chemical abilities as well as a great variety of energy transformation channels including the selection of some definite chemical reactions leading to innovative transformation in technology [1-5]


The method discloses a gene sequencing method, which comprises the following steps: step one, inoculating single-chain DNA to be tested to a universal DNA sequence; step two, matching a complementary DNA premier with the universal DNA sequence, wherein the premier is provided with a 3'-OH functional group to carry out DNA prolonging chemical reactions; step three, adding a fluorescence modified nucleic acid molecule complementary with the basic group of the DNA chain to be tested into the premier chain through the catalysis of DNA polymerase; step four, reading the different fluorescent signals in each DNA section through an imaging system; step five, chemically cutting off the protective groups; step six, carrying out next round sequencing. The gene sequencing method adopts a novel nucleotide modified molecule to carry out synthesis sequencing and uses a K2CO3 water solution to carry out chemical cutting to achieve the goal of synthesizing and sequencing at the same time; moreover the gene sequencing method adopts three fluorescent molecules to label the nucleotide, thus reduces the usage of fluorescence modified molecules and laser, so that the cost is saved and the sequencing process is more stable.


Objective To evaluate the clinical results of the primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) for treating severe developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and to explore the practicality and operation points.Methods We investigated and analyzed the clinical and X-ray results of 35 severe DDH patients who re-ceived primary THA from March 2002 to June 2008, including 11 males (11 hips) and 24 females (28 hips),with the average age of 52±6.7 years (ranged 45-71 years). According to Crowe classification, 27 patients (31 hips) were classified as type Ⅲ and 8 patients (8 hips) as type Ⅳ. The mean Harris score was 42.5±5.3 pre-operatively. All the patients received non-cemented prosthesis. Results All patients were followed up for average 46 months (1-7 years). The mean Harris score was 86.3±3.4 points at the final follow-up, which had statistic significancy. Among these patients, 33 hips had excellent results, 5 hips had good results and 1 hip had fair results. The rate of excellent and good results was 97.4%. During the follow-up period, there was no radio-lucent line or prosthesis loosening. Two cases suffered acetabuiar fractures during surgery, and were treated with additional screws or structural bone-grafting according to the fracture stability. After 6 weeks,both fractures healed uneventfully. Three patients developed deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and after throm-bolytic therapy, the thrombus disappeared. Heterotopic ossification (Brooker type Ⅰ or type Ⅱ) were found in 5 patients (6 hips), and the rate of beterotopic ossification was 15.4%. One patient suffered femoral frac-ture at the level below the femoral prosthetic tip one year after THA due to injury. Conclusion For the se-vere DDH patients, it's neccesary to make precise measurement and accurate evaluation before primary THA, and do thorough soft tissue releasement during operation, fix the acetabular and femoral prostheses ac-cording to bone character and deal with intraoperative fractures properly. Thus good short-term clinical re-suits can be expected.

Key words:
Arthroplasty; replacement; hip; Hip dislocation; congenital; Osteoarthritis; hip


Linjiang-Yong'an Coal Mine lies in complex geological structure zone and has entered into the deep mining stage,the mine pressure of coal mining cause bigger threat for production safety.To prevent the occurrence of rockburst,Studied on burst tendency numerical simulations and analyzed the size and the distribution of horizontal stress,vertical stress.The results for this research were as following: First,area of stress concentration appears complex geological structure zone,Whenever fold and coal annihilation,and it is a relatively strong.Namely,burst tendency is relatively strong.Second,the maximum horizontal stress is close to the gravitational stress.The maximum vertical stress is 1.8 times more than the gravitational stress.The maximum horizontal stress and the maximum vertical stress all appear in coal annihilation.Third,Results obtained by numerical simulation agree well with actual mining,so mining should pay attention to the prevention and ensure the safety mining.


Author(s): Nittrouer, Christie | Abstract: This essay discusses the acts of two stand-up comediennes, Maysoon Zayir and Suzanne Whang. The author analyzes the way in which both of these women, through their comedy, interrogate and provoke racial expectations, identity, and transnationalism.


 Abstract— for several wireless communication technologies, many propagation models have been presented in measuring path losses. In this paper, two propagation prediction models which relate signal strength log of distance are presented and compared with empirical results measured in a lecture building. For the empirical measurement, a TP-LINK router and a laptop are used to implement 2.4 GHz, indoor point to point ad hoc wireless network in our lecture building. Attenuation parameters of obstacles used in the prediction model are estimated from the empirical measurement by using statistical approach. Finally, the accuracy of the prediction models is proof by comparing empirical measurement results with the help of least square model fitting. Index Terms— propagation models, free space loss, path losses, empirical approach, statistical approach


The lack of vocabulary is one of the biggest difficulties in English writing.Based on the two theories,narely Lexical Approach and language information processing,the writer carried out a writing teaching experiment.Research results show that chunk learning can obviously promote the students' language expression ability.There is a positive correlation between students' chunk use and their writing ability.Strengthening the teaching of lexical chunks and cultivating students' ability to identify and use lexical chunks is an effective way to improve students' English writing ability.


Two peach-to-nectarine mutants were compared with their peach progenitors to quantify physical and biochemical characters associated with this conversion. Both nectarine mutants showed pleiotropic effects that included smaller, rounder, and more-dense fruit with redder skin and altered sugar and organic acid composition relative to those found in their peach progenitors. In addition, one of the nectarine mutants exhibited a later bloom time, a less pronounced change in fruit size, a shorter fruit development period, and an associated capacity to develop red fall leaf color. Nectarines arose as peach mutants, and their inheritance pattern is consistent with the glabrous skin characteristic controlled by a single recessive gene (Blake, 1932). Most aspects of nectarine trees, leaves, and flowers are indistinguishable from those of peach; however, peach researchers have noted differences be- tween peaches and nectarines that extend beyond those of lack of pubescence alone. These differences include fruit size, shape, firmness, external color, aroma, flavor, and disease resistance, although such comparisons have not been quantified or analyzed statistically (Darwin, 1893; De Candolle, 1884; Downing, 1845; Hedrick, 1917; Hesse, 1975; Oberle and Nickolson, 1953). Hesse (1975), hypothesized that nectarine phenotypes such as those associated with ultrastructual differences in surface features (Fogle and Faust, 1975) represent a nonlethal deletion for surface pubes- cence that is closely linked to other genes affecting the fruit traits noted above. It is also possible that the nectarine phenotype may arise as an alteration in a single regulatory gene that controls the expression of other genes. This interpretation is consistent with genetic evidence and molecular characterization of the two known classes of glabrous mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.((glabrous (g11) and transparent testa glabrous (ttg))) (Koornneef, 1981; Koornneef et al., 1982). A nectarine mutant was identified in 1988 on a limb of a 2-year- old 'TropicBeauty' peach tree in the Univ. of Florida breeding orchard. This mutant (designated TBN) showed evidence of hav- ing a higher chilling requirement and shorter fruit development period relative to its peach progenitor. Changes in such character- istics have not previously been observed in association with peach- to-nectarine mutants. A second nectarine mutant was found on a limb of Fla. M3-1 peach in the same orchard 1 year later. This peach-to-nectarine mutants was designated M3-1N and appeared to be more typical of current commercial nectarines in fruit size and color, as summarized by Hesse (1975). Our objective was to compare the two peach-to-nectarine mutants and contrast them to their peach progenitors. These isogenic materials have provided the first opportunity (beyond the single fruit observation by Oberle and Nicholson, 1953) to define the specific physical and biochemical attributes of peach-to- nectarine mutants.


The invention relates to a prefabricated concrete hollow component, which belongs to the technical field of prefabricated concrete structures. A plurality of longitudinal through holes which are parallel to the surface are arranged inside the prefabricated component along the length direction, and a longitudinal groove is arranged on the end part of each longitudinal hole. By adopting the prefabricated concrete structural component, the reliability in connection can be improved, the industrialization level of the building structure can be improved, the resource can be saved, and the prefabricated concrete hollow component can be applied to different walls and floors.


The crystal structure of the orthorhombic compound NMe4MnCr(CN)6-4H:0 has been determined (a = 1496.5, b = 783.8, c = 1727.0 pm, space group Pnma. Z = 4, = 0.06 for 2018 independent reflections). The structure consists of puckered layers formed by Cr(CN)63- octahedra (average Cr-C = 207.5 pm, C-N = 114.4 pm), which are two-dimensionally linked via cyano bridges Cr-CN-Mn to trans-dihydrated Mn(H2O)2+ cations (Mn-O = 219.3 pm. Mn-N = 224.4 pm). Between the layers, which are separated by disordered tetramethylammonium ions and additional water molecules, a hydrogen bridge O-H···N is formed by two of the four terminal ligands. The structure found is intermediate between the framework arrangement of CsMnCr(CN)6 and the chain structure of NMe4MnM(CN)8-8H2O. Some further relations are discussed.


Abstract: How is it possible to account for the double dimension of the "anthropos" of the Anthropocene ? At once both a responsible, historical subject, and a neutral, non-conscious and non-reflexive force? According to Chakrabarty, the "anthropos" has to be considered a geological force; according to Smail, it has to be considered an addicted brain. A subjectivity without being for the former, an emotional and dependent biological and symbolic entity for the latter. As an in between solution, I propose a rereading of the concept of "mentality" proposed by Braudel and his followers from the Annales School. The mental would be intermediarily located between the inorganic and the neural, thus helping to fill the gap between two opposed concepts of history, that are both implied in the current redefinition of ecology.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Chronic orchialgia can be a difficult condition to treat as its etiology is often not identified. Although hip pathology has been described as a possible cause of chronic orchialgia, hip evaluation in the urologist's office is not routinely performed. This study aimed to identify patients with chronic orchialgia and evaluate them for the presence of concomitant hip pathology. METHODS: Male patients presenting to the urology clinic with unilateral or bilateral orchialgia for greater than 3 months were offered participation in the study. Hip-specific questionnaires, physical examination and provocative testing, and hip radiographs were completed. Medical records were reviewed to determine the outcome of referrals for hip treatment to physical therapy (PT) or orthopedic surgery clinic. RESULTS: 32 patients enrolled in the prospective study. Mean age was 39 years (range 18 e 71). Mean BMI was 29 kg/m(range, 19 e 53 kg/m). Impingement, Patrick's, and Stinchfield testing were positive in 21 (33%), 20 (31%), and 15 hips (23%), respectively. There was 1 hip (2%) with positive straight leg raise. Radiographic analysis found evidence of osteoarthritis in 30 hips (47%), mild dysplasia in 35 hips (55%), evidence of abnormal weight bearing in 14 hips (20%), acetabular retroversion in 17 hips (27%), and Cam-type impingement in 15 hips (23%). From these findings, 16 patients (50%) were referred to our orthopedic clinic. Of these referrals, 4 patients (13%) have had a clear orthopedic diagnosis or intervention which has relieved orchialgia symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Patients presenting to the urology clinic with chronic orchialgia can have hip pathology on radiograph and clinical examination. In our cohort of 32 patients, we found enough evidence for referral to orthopedic surgery in 16 patients (50%), leading to subsequent specialist evaluation resulting in hip diagnosis and treatment in 4 patients (13%). The study lacks statistical power to conduct a multivariate analysis about outcomes or to identify predictors that can help identify those at risk for an underlying hip cause to the testicular pain. We would recommend the urology practitioner treating chronic orchialgia conduct a short hip physical examination with internal rotation, impingement testing, Stinchfield, and obtain a hip radiographs to help identify those patients that would benefit from referral to the orthopedic surgeon.


Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, KoreaReceived October 2, 2014, Accepted October 10, 2014Key Words : Dopamine receptor ligand, 1,2,3-Triazole, Arylpiperazine, Regioselective reaction, Click chem-istry, Microwave reactionThe Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between azidesand alkynes stands out as the most direct way of assembling1,2,3-triazole functionality.


The author explores the origins, meanings and forms of women's agression. Drawing from interviews with 60 women of different ages and ethnic and class backgrounds, police officers, substance abusers, artists, this work is an account of how women explain their own hidden or acts of hurt to others.


The Winter Friction Project in Norway deals with practical, technical, and economic problems arising in providing good friction on winter roads. One of the main activities throughout the whole project period will be to carry out field studies, which will consist of (a) a testing program (scientific studies) to document performance of different friction improvement methods and (b) a follow-up study on roads in 10 counties to document existing winter maintenance practice on both salted and sanded roads. Scientific studies during the 1998–1999 winter season revealed that new measures carried out with sanding methods last longer than do traditional sanding methods. Although the effect of using cold and dry sand can disappear after the passage of 50 vehicles, it has been proved that by using heated materials or adding warm water to the sand it is possible to maintain a friction level above the standard, even after the passage of 2,000 vehicles. In particular, a method using a mix of hot water and sand showed promising results. During summer and autumn 1999, the warm-wetted sanding method was further improved by development of two new Norwegian prototypes. These new spreaders have been tested together with alternative ways of adding water (type of spreader and temperature of the water). Wet sand has been compared with traditional sanding using dry materials. The field tests carried out during the winter season 1999–2000 with wet sand and roller distributor confirm the results from last season. Good results were achieved with the Norwegian trucks.


Farm. The representative farm consists of 720 acres of farmland that is both leased and owned on which 200 acres are cultivated for irrigated soft white wheat production and the remaining acres consist of alfalfa or grain corn production. The market value for irrigated agricultural land with water rights varies widely by area and soil type. In this budget, land is valued at $4,500 per acre. Flood irrigation is used for all crops. Water is leased at the rate of $18/acre. Receipts. Commodity prices were determined from an average of December 2014 and January 2015 weekly Utah Department of Agriculture and Food Market News Reports. Production average of 110 bushels per acre is determined by interviews with local producers and crop advisors.


Nutrition is an important modifiable factor affecting foetal growth and pregnancy outcomes with considerable health implications for mothers and babies (Redmer et al 2004) including infant birth weight and survival (Lechtig 1975). Poor nutrition is of a greater concern in adolescent pregnancies as there are competing growth needs between the still developing mother and the demands of a growing baby (Scholl 1994). The only UK based study (Baker et al 2009) investigating the nutrient intakes of 500 pregnant young women and pregnancy outcome, demonstrated the low intakes of key nutrients, notably folate, iron and Vitamin D, as well as the poor nutrient status of women. This was associated with poorer pregnancy outcomes such as small for gestational age (SGA) birth. There is a dearth of research focusing on the adolescents' understanding of nutritional requirements during pregnancy and their attitudes towards the recommended supplementation. This research seeks to explore current knowledge and habits of young pregnant women in relation to dietary change and supplementation use during pregnancy. In addition, to explore the current information and support provided by their healthcare teams and through other support mechanisms.


This study examines the effect on student academic success through teaching the "Let's Know the Matter" grade 3 science unit accompanied by STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics)-focused activities. The study group consisted of 24 third grade students studying in the 2019-2020 academic year. Teaching was done with a 5E (enter, explore, explain, elaborate, evaluate) instructional model, and student opinions about the STEM activities were collected. A group pretest-posttest research design was used in which the "Let's Know the Matter Test (MT)" was administered at the beginning to measure the students' prior knowledge, and again at the end of the unit to determine what students had learned. Their opinions of the lessons taught with STEM-focused activities were collected using a semi-structured interview technique. Qualitative data were divided into appropriate categories under common themes. It was observed that the 5E instructional model contributed to their academic success. Also, it was found that their opinions about the lessons taught with STEM activities were quite positive. Based on the results obtained from the research, it is suggested that STEM activities be used in the teaching of other topics.


Sam Beck's classic book The Rorschach Experiment: Ventures in Blind Diagnosis is reviewed. The review addresses important issues of blind interpretation, faithfulness to the Rorschach data, validation of interpretive postulates, theoretical and training biases, as well as the Experience Actual score. Beck's tracing his interpretive path through detailed notes to produce a living portrait of his subject is highlighted.


To the Editor: We presented a case of trichomegaly associated with new-onset alopecia areata in anotherwise healthy 3-yearold girl in our case report in Pediatric Dermatology in 2009 (Figs. 1 and 2) (1). We have followed this patient through several exacerbations and remissions since then, noting that the lengthof her eyelashes has correlatedwith activity of her alopecia areata. After first presenting to our clinic with trichomegaly and alopecia areata, the patient was initiated on treatment with betamethasone foam and pimecrolimus cream. At follow-up 2 months later, significant regrowth of scalp hair along with normalizationof eyelash lengthwasnoted.Tenmonths later, she returned to our clinic with a recurrence of alopecia areata, as well as trichomegaly, similar to that at her initial presentation. The patient returned to clinic 2 months later with considerable scalp hair re-growth and normalization of eyelash length (Fig. 3A,B). The patient is continuing to experience scalp hair regrowth and normal short eyelashes bilaterally. As discussed in our report, cases of trichomegaly in the literature have been associated with various ophthalmic solutions and immunosuppressive agents, as well as acquired conditions such as human immunodeficiency virus, systemic lupus erythematosus, and dermatomyositis and rare inheritedconditions suchasOliver-McFarlane syndrome (2–5). Our patient remains the first, to our knowledge, to present with recurrent episodes of trichomegaly with alopecia areata in the absence of any known associated inherited disorder, medical condition, or medication exposures. Follow-up correlation of her alopecia areata


The concepts of "integrated control" and "integrated pest management" (IPM) were devised by entomologists, but they proved relevant to the monitoring and control of virtually any agricultural pest (i.e., weeds, fungi, vertebrates). Within IPM, economic threshold characterized pest densities that would have negative impacts and economic injury level characterized amounts of predicted crop injury (destruction) that would allow recovery of potential pest-control costs. Approximately 150 species or groups of vertebrates have been documented to pose human health/safety risks or to cause agricultural, natural resource, and property losses in North America. Rodent (e.g., mice, rats, ground squirrels) and bird (e.g., blackbirds, gulls, cormorants) popula- tions are the most frequently cited species/groups of vertebrates linked with IPM. Uncertainty characterizes IPM applications to control damage by these species/groups. Uncertainty is a measure of variance, which occurs due to the myriad of biological, crop, economic, meteorological, pesticide, production, seasonal, and soil unknowns that impact IPM programs. Six uncertainty-reduction techniques are commonly used by economists: 1) worst-/best-case scenario, 2) contrived scenarios, 3) decision tree analysis, 4) sensitivity analysis, 5) Monte Carlo simulation, and 6) systematic projections. This paper reviews key IPM literature, especially economic literature, and discusses techniques that can reduce the economic uncertainty of using IPM programs with vertebrates.


In this work, the influence of localized interface charges on the energy band diagram, electric-field, surface potential and input-output characteristics of dual-material (DM) double-gate (DG) tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) have been demonstrated. These localized charges are created near the source/channel junction due to hot carrier effects (BCEs). The energy band diagram, electric field, surface potential and drain current of DM DG TFETs with and without localized interface charge density (Nf) is also stuided. A two-dimensional (2-D) numerical simulation software ATLAS™ has been used to obtain the results of DM DG TFET devices.


The paper deals with the observation of the specifics of online teaching of lexicology and syntax of the Serbian language at the Faculty of Philology of students studying a foreign language. The aim is to notice possibilities of realization of online teaching. The research was conducted on the basis of the implementation of the teaching process in the subject Serbian language 2 (lexicology and syntax) and a survey of students on the advantages and disadvantages of online teaching. The analysis showed that online teaching provides shortcomings in the form of insufficient time for the teacher to deal in more detail with student ambiguities, but also provides numerous opportunities for progress in education – mostly in terms of student time organization and uninterrupted questioning, which is not always the case. Based on the obtained results, we will try to give methodological implications for teaching practice, which concern the possibility of improving online teaching of the Serbian language at the university level.


> "…inspiration is easy. Implementation is the hard part."
>
> –Bob Taylor, Taylor Guitars

Eight months after Kouwenhoven et al1 published their 1960 landmark report of successful closed chest cardiac compressions for 2 children and 2 adults who developed perioperative cardiac arrest,1 a cardiologist provided that same closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the operating suite after my 4-year-old brother experienced cardiac arrest during induction of anesthesia. My brother is alive today because of published resuscitation science applied to practice.

In 1961, Peter Safar proposed combining mouth-to-mouth ventilation with closed chest compressions in a poster for the Pennsylvania chapter of the American Heart Association (AHA), and the ABCs of CPR were born. In 1966, the National Academy of Sciences–National Research Council conference on CPR charged the AHA with teaching CPR to healthcare providers. In 1973, the second conference on CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care recommended expanding teaching of CPR to the lay public. This conference also recommended that the AHA establish resuscitation guidelines based on scientific data and develop standards for basic and advanced life support training. The American Red Cross and other organizations, such as the Citizen CPR Foundation, soon supported the lay rescuer CPR training effort. Great enthusiasm existed for the potential of CPR, but little scientific data on which to base recommendations, with more emphasis on teaching CPR skills than on measuring CPR outcomes.

By 1991, the chain of survival provided a metaphor for the priorities of resuscitation and training, emphasizing early bystander recognition of cardiac arrest and access to the emergency medical …


In the present issue of the journal, Amman and his colleagues have reviewed their vast long-term experience with chronic pancreatitis in Zurich, to compare the natural history in their 205 patients with alcohol induced pancreatitis (AIP) with the 82 patients in whom alcohol could not be incriminated as a cause (NAIP). Similarities or differences between the groups would thus result in more exacting data regarding the natural history of the disease in future documented series on chronic pancreatitis. Their observation time was impressive, with a mean from the time of diagnosis of 6.7 years for AIP and 10.6 years of NAIP. A synopsis of the highlights of their findings have been tabulated by the reviewer and are shown herein (Table 1). The authors concede that the NAIP group constitutes a rather heterogeneous group but that they were at least nonalcoholic. To this must be added, firstly, that the rather large percentage of NAIP in their total chronic pancreatitis group (30%) is in agreement with most European studies, but unlike studies from South Africa, Portugal, or Brazil, with a higher AIP incidence. Secondly, the etiology-attack-endocrine/exocrine/complication-pain relief sequence could not readily be assessed in the studied NAIP group, as more than 50% were painless, the disease manifesting itself by complications rather than pain. Nevertheless, there were some interesting, and in some respects fascinating, similarities and differences, not only between AIP and NAIP, but also with regard to a number of parameters within their groups when compared to other


The Internet traffic trace data based on backbone links has significant value for research, to share the data with those who study the internet, users' privacy such as IP address must be cleaned up. According to the characteristic of IP addresses constitution and the actual demand, we optimized prefix-preserving IP address anonymous algorithm PC-PAn, which improved based on Crypto-PAn algorithm. The efficiency of PSC-PAn has remarkably improved especially in distributing and parallel environment.


This Handbook establishes general safety, reliability, and quality assurance (SR&QA) guidelines for use on flight and ground-based projects conducted at the Ames, Langley, and Lewis Research Centers, hereafter identified as the Office of Aeronautics, Exploration and Technology (OAET) Centers. This document is applicable to all projects and operations conducted at these Centers except for those projects covered by more restrictive provisions such as the Space Shuttle, Space Station, and unmanned spacecraft programs. This Handbook is divided into two parts. The first (Chapters 1 and 2) establishes the SR&QA guidelines applicable to the OAET Centers, and the second (Appendices A, B, C, and D) provides examples and definitions for the total SR&QA program. Each center should implement SR&QA programs using these guidelines with tailoring appropriate to the special projects conducted by each Center. This Handbook is issued in loose-leaf form and will be revised by page changes.


Attendance recording with RFID tags scan, make human resource (HR) staff's task more effective and efficient because it is saving time and effort in performing manual recording and recapitulation that must be performed by the HR staff in a company. However, the number of cases where employees forget to bring their identification cards, which has an RFID tag increases the workload of human resource staff. This study proposes a facial recognition prototype as an alternative way to record employee attendance. The model used in this study uses artificial neural networks that have more than one hidden layer and uses a supervised learning approach. The results of the study show that when a high-resolution image provided for the training data, the prototype able to make an accurate prediction. However, some further study is needed before replacing existing attendance recordings with face recognition to address several problems such as distance between camera and object and accessories that affect the essential features in a face like glasses, headscarves, and mask. Further research should find the maximum distance between the object(s) and the camera and the position (angle) of the object towards the camera.


Roots, stems, petioles, and leaf blades of mature plants of Parthenium hysterophorus and callus cultures derived from explants of these organs from aseptically grown seedlings were screened for the presence of sesquiterpene lactones. Parthenin was not detected in roots but was present in callus cultures from all sources Coronopilin was detected only in petioles and leaf blades and callus cultures derived from these organs These findings suggest that synthesis of parthenin and coronopilin is not limited to the glandular trichomes.


This study refers to some positive and negative effects of oral assessment applied to a literature course. The experiment was conducted in a north Cyprus university English language teaching (ELT) department, during the spring semester of the 2016–2017 academic year. The data were collected from the ELT students taking the Survey to English Literature course (SELC) during the spring semester of the 2016–2017 academic year, who were asked to fill in an open ended questionnaire about the intervention, and semi structured interviews conducted with the co-examiners. In the ELT department under discussion, almost all the exams are written, and the students do not have too many opportunities to speak during the courses or during their mid-term exam. The results show the benefits and drawbacks of implementing oral examinations to assess students' literature knowledge.


Abstract Gallbladder polyps are most commonly treated with cholecystectomy, which is associated with various complications. For benign disease, preserving the gallbladder is preferable. Since 1994, we have been exploring percutaneous polypectomy and have recently developed an improved new technique. This study reports a new endoscopic–laparoscopic (Endolap) technique for the removal of polyps and the preservation of the gallbladder. Nine Chinese mini-pigs were used to observe mucosal regeneration. Microwaves of 50–70 mA for 9 seconds were safe, and the gallbladder mucosa of pigs recovered to nearly normal 2 weeks later. In the clinical cases, 60 patients with gallbladder polyps were studied. With the patient under general anesthesia, each polyp stem was coagulated, and then the polyp was removed. All procedures were successful at between 60 and 135 minutes. The success rate was 93.33% (56/60). A retrospective analysis was conducted to assess the recovery of gallbladder function. All patients were followed...


The rye soluble arabinoxylans were prepared by extracting in hot water and separating by alcohol from rye flour. As a functional additive, rye soluble arabinoxylans were used in bread-making. The article studied the influence of rye soluble arabinoxylans on the bread quality. The results showed that rye soluble arabinoxylans improved the wheat flour quality and the loaf volume. Furthermore, because of its high water holding capacity rye soluble arabinoxylans weakened the starch aging, prolonged the shelf life and improved the bread quality.


Restrictions applied by the government in order to curb the spread of the COVID-19 virus claimed a forced transfer to distance learning in a wide range of school levels, including universities preparing future teachers. The research is focused on school cheating during online testing of future teachers – students of Teacher Training for Kindergartens and Teacher Training for Primary Schools. The questionnaire survey examined a relatively narrow range of possibilities how to cheat – the use of the socalled crib or cheat sheet, also in its electronic form. The aim of the research was to compare the possibilities and approaches to cheating by students during in-class and online examination. Although these are future educators, supposedly having higher moral credit, cheating has occurred and continues to occur even now. A sample of 121 respondents did not confirm a higher rate of use of a prohibited devices in written tests, as expected, but only in online oral exams. The results of the survey within the above mentioned groups of respondents nevertheless seem to have been confirmed to some extent by similar researches, eg. Reedy et al., 2021 or Chirumamilla et al. 2020.


We obtain a sharp Nagy type inequality in a metric space $(X,\rho)$ with measure $\mu$ that estimates the uniform norm of a function using its $\|\cdot\|_{H^\omega}$ -- norm determined by a modulus of continuity $\omega$, and a seminorm that is defined on a space of locally integrable functions. We consider charges $\nu$ that are defined on the set of $\mu$-measurable subsets of $X$ and are absolutely continuous with respect to $\mu$. Using the obtained Nagy type inequality, we prove a sharp Landau-Kolmogorov type inequality that estimates the uniform norm of a Radon-Nikodym derivative of a charge via a $\|\cdot\|_{H^\omega}$-norm of this derivative, and a seminorm defined on the space of such charges. We also prove a sharp inequality for a hypersingular integral operator. In the case $X=\mathbb{R}_+^m\times \mathbb{R}^{d-m}$, $0\le m\le d$, we obtain inequalities that estimate the uniform norm of a mixed derivative of a function using the uniform norm of the function and the $\|\cdot\|_{H^\omega}$-norm of its mixed derivative.


This paper investigates the enrollment behavior of the students of Sylhet International University (SIU), a private university in Bangladesh. The researcher conducted reliability test, descriptive analysis, and chi-square tests and identified a number of key findings as to the enrollment behavior of students through collecting data from a sample of 584 students of SIU. The research shows that the students mostly prefer BBA program followed by LL.B. In the Faculty of Science and Engineering, B.Sc in Computer Science and Engineering gets the highest preference. In Post Graduate level MBA and LL.M programs are the preferred subjects. The most important factor for the students of SIU during admission is the quality of teaching, followed by location of the university, lower tuition fees, hostel facility and course system. Finally, students of SIU are highly satisfied with the image of their university, tuition fees, hostel facility, full time faculty members and quality of teaching. Students are not highly satisfied with the overall performance of their university.


Objective:In order to study the immunofunction and cytokine's role in sIL-2R and TNFα in clinical remission leprosy patients, and get more knowledge of leprosy's immunopathogenesis.Methods:Serum TNFα and sIL-2R were measured in 62 clinical remission lerosy patients and their 28 direct relatives in Lanxi of Zhejiang Province. Local normal persons were randomly selected as controls.Results:The TNFα in all clinical remission leprosy patients lowered significantly( P 0.001). The sIL-2R in multibcillory(MB) clinical remission patients was lower than that of normal controls( P 0.002).The TNFα and sIL-2R in LL clinical remission patients were the lowest among all remission patients ( P 0.001, P 0.005).Conclusion:This suggests that there should be still cytokine secretion abnormal and macrophages function disturbance in clinical remission leprosy patients. It also suggests that there should be some disturbance in T cell's activation function in MB clinical remission leprosy patients . The consistant lower of TNFα and sIL-2R may be coreted with the sensitivity of leprosy patients to leprosy bacteria , and it may take an important role in leprosy's immunopathogenesis.


It has been shown that the content of adrenaline and noradrenaline precursors in serum of the umbilical cord blood of premature newborns is increased and on the contrary the content of dopamine degradation products  is decreased. The analysis of indices of catecholamine metabolism depending on maturity of the organism, mode of delivery and body mass deficit during gestation has been made.


Cost effective direct conversion detectors for different photon energies that provide high performance are of fundamental importance in medical diagnosis. Conventional direct conversion detectors typically provide either large area devices with moderate performance at reduced costs or expensive high performance architectures with limited size. In order to investigate the feasibility of highly efficient detectors based on low-cost large area processable hybrid organic-inorganic materials, multilayered device architectures consisting of stacked conversion layers are investigated. For this purpose, models that describe the sensitivity and the detective quantum efficiency are extended to the proposed detector design. This enables to evaluate the performance of multilayered detectors based on scintillator-sensitized organic and polycrystalline perovskite materials. A sensitivity analysis based on various multilayered designs at different photon energies shows significantly higher performance of polycrystalline perovskite conversion layers compared to scintillator-sensitized organic materials. The evaluation of detective quantum efficiencies lead to limitations for the number of stacked layers and enables to deduce design rules based on optimal layout parameters. The comparison with conventional single layer detectors shows competitive performance of multilayered detectors compared to high quality single crystals for all investigated photon energies.


Magnetization above room temperature (RT) is a necessary parameter for achieving practical application of spintronic devices. Magnetization above room temperature in bulk form has been achieved in nanocrystalline Mn-doped ZnO dispersed in borate matrix. A simple glass-ceramic route has been used for the preparation of these materials. The material-processing route used here is cheaper and easier than other routes used frequently. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study reveals that the Mn-doped ZnO was in nanocrystalline form. Since these nanocrystals are dispersed in a glass matrix, they will be protected from agglomeration, so size will remain controlled, which affects the magnetization. There are no possibilities of an extrinsic origin such as ferromagnetic impurity segregation, etc. for this magnetization.


The Finnish experimental house for IEA Task 13 'Advanced Solar Low Energy Buildings' was built in 1994 for the annual housing fair held in Pietarsaari (latitude 62°). The aim of the IEA5 Solar House was to reduce the consumption of purchased energy to as low a level as possible by utilizing new technology and solar energy. Good indoor climate and comfortable living conditions were set as requirements for the design. The results from a two-year monitoring project showed that the total consumption of purchased energy is about 25% of the consumption of an average Finnish detached house. The heating energy consumption of the house was about 10% of the consumption of the reference.


Oxide-based thin-film capacitors (TFCs), thin-film transistors (TFTs), and sensor structures (including transparent ones) deposited on transparent substrates are investigated. All oxide elements in these structures are deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Optimization of the ALD processes, which results in layers suitable for the above-mentioned devices, is briefly described. In particular, we demonstrate advantageous properties of composite dielectrics consisting of pairs of Al2O3, HfO2, ZrO2, or TiO2. These composites are then used as gate dielectrics in TFC and TFT structures, with ZnO layers deposited as channel and gate layers. The structures are obtained at low temperatures (no more than 150°C), which enables their deposition on elastic, transparent substrates (polymers, foils).


In this paper, the parametric instability of a Leipholz column under four boundary conditions is examined. The study of this prototypical model is intended to provide a basic understanding of the disc brake pad instability. The distributed, follower-type axial load is assumed to be uniform and periodic. Instability regions are obtained and the existence of combination resonances of the sum and difference types is discussed for each set of boundary conditions. It is found that the combination resonance of the sum type exists in all the cases of boundary conditions considered, but the difference type exists only in the cases of clamped-simply supported and clamped-free boundary conditions. The combination resonance is shown to be as important as the simple parametric resonance. Results, when compared to a column under a periodic end load, show that the instability characteristics of these two columns are considerably different. The effect of a constant axial load is to shift the instability regions along the frequency axis.


This paper proposes a hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) approach for the design and verification of a production system. The design of a production system involves two major activities: mechanical design (device specification and layouts) and electrical design (device behaviour and system control). Conventionally, the mechanical and electrical design activities have been performed sequentially, wasting time. We propose a concurrent procedure of mechanical and electrical design based on the HILS methodology to cope with this problem. The proposed HILS approach provides two major benefits: (1) the verified control program can be directly used for the real plant with minor adaptations; and (2) the verified 3D layout model can be used to generate the detailed drawings for the implementation of the plant. We can minimise the stabilisation time of a production system, since most mechanical and electrical errors can be found and fixed using HILS.


A special study conducted by public assistance agencies in 20 States in 1946 gave answers for thefirst time to questions about the types and amount of medical services the agencies were able to provide to assistance recipients and the costs of the various services. An article in the Bulletin for June 1952 discussed medical services for aged recipients. This article deals with the costs of such services in the four programs in operation in 1946-old-age assistance, aid to dependent children, aid to the blind, and general assistance.


Video modeling is an instructional technique demonstrated to effectively increase social skills, academic skills, daily living skills and play skills of children with autism. There are several hypotheses for why video modeling is effective. One hypothesis is that children with autism prefer watching videos to looking at people, thereby enhancing motivation and making attending to the video model automatically reinforcing, however, preference for video has not been experimentally examined. This study assessed participants' preference for either video modeling or in vivo modeling using a concurrent-chains arrangement. None of the three participants showed a preference for either video modeling or in vivo modeling. Also, participants showed similar performance and attention to the model for both of the modeling conditions. The results suggest that not all children with autism prefer video modeling, in contrast to the widely held hypothesis. the Effectiveness of Modeling for Children with Autism: Preference and Point of View vs.


Person Re-Identification (Re-ID) is a challenging task due to large different appearances of people across disjoint views heavily influenced by many factors such as illumination variations, person pose variations, and view variations. Therefore, it is imperative to learn more discriminative feature representation for Re-ID. Existing deep learning models focus on developing feature representation with different scales to characterize person better, which tend to incur interferential and redundant feature output. In this paper, we develop a dynamical and adaptive selective feature fusion module (SFFM) for feature learning, which depends on the input images entirely and facilitates to extract more discriminative features for Re-ID. Moreover, we further improve the discriminative capability of the proposed deep network by incorporating the island loss (IL) with the triplet loss and the softmax loss. The newly proposed loss function is beneficial to increase the distance between those samples belonging to different classes. Validation experiments performed on two standard benchmarks called Market-ISOI and DukeMTMC-reID datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.


A pharmaceutical composition for treatment of hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis comprising an extended release layer and a fast release layer is provided to minimize influence on absorption of HMG-CoA(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A) reductase inhibitor caused by nicotinic acid, so that the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor is rapidly released and absorbed into the human body. The pharmaceutical composition for treatment of hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis comprises the extended release layer containing an active compound mixed with an extended release polymer and the fast release layer surrounding or being separated from the extended release layer and containing an active compound mixed with a film-forming agent or a layer-forming agent, and a plasticizer, wherein the extended release layer continuously releases the active compound in water or medium having physiological pH for at least 12 hours, and the fast releasing layer releases 80% or more of the active compound in water or medium having physiological pH within 30 minutes; the active compound of the extended release layer is nicotinic acid, and the active compound of the fast release layer is the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor such as simvastatin or atovastatin; and the fast release layer contains a recrystallization inhibitor such as polyvinylpyrrolidone.


Residual hearing preservation is necessary for deaf patients to experience the full benefits of electro-acoustic stimulation cochlear implants. Hearing preservation is often considered a benchmark of successful atraumatic surgery and cochlear health preservation, making it an important goal of the procedure. The role of inflammatory status in hearing preservation has been empirically supported through the development of surgical protocols featuring corticosteroids. Its role is also inferred though investigations of inner-ear inflammatory responses, or studies of the inflammatory component in auditory pathologies. However, work directly investigating the effect of systemic inflammatory state on their audiological outcomes has never been attempted. A multi-method research strategy consisting of: a murine immunohisto chemical pilot study, a meta-analysis of cochlear implant adverse events, a meta-analysis of factors related to hearing preservation, and a preliminary longitudinal observational clinical outcomes study was implemented. The results from the studies were incorporated into a conceptual framework of the relationship between multiple factors and their effect on outcomes in cochlear implantation. This body of work suggests that cochlear inflammatory state is a significant effector of hearing preservation. It introduces the concept of an individual's systemic inflammatory state having bearings on their clinical outcomes. The consequences of this body of work include: i) suggested modifications to surgical protocols so as to maximise hearing preservation , ii) recommended routine monitoring of a patient's inflammatory state throughout their care pathway, iii) the importance of considering inflammatory state and the timing of a patient's surgery in order to allow for more stratified medicine, iv) a highlighted need for multi-centre collaborations in order to create a more exhaustive model of outcomes in hearing preservation surgery, and v) a need for deeper investigation of the pathophysiology of hearing loss for more guided research on deafness intervention.


Abstract For over a century the development and employment of photomechanical processes have significandy contributed to the advancement of the graphic arts. Evidence of this requires one to look no further than today's average newspaper, illustrated as it is with a seemingly coundess number of photomechanically produced halftone images. Traditionally, credit for the invention of the halftone printing process has been assigned to a number of individuals, including Stephen Horgan, Frederick E. Ives, George Meisenbach, the Jaffe brothers and Max Levy. However, such credit fails to recognize the achievement of two Canadians, William Augustus Leggo and George Edward Desbarats, who in 1869 commercially published the world's first letterpress halftone reproduction of a photograph. In addition to their pioneering efforts in halftone reproduction, during the 1860s and 1870s, Leggo and Desbarats were responsible for other important advances involving the application of photography to early photomechanical printing...


A method for producing a holographic large image of an object, comprising another plurality of horizontal and vertical grid-like arrangement of another image projector. In each individual projector a diaphragm (2), at least one liquid space optical medium (4) into a curved coated surface of the photosensitive layer of the image-forming (31) and at least one lens surface (1) is arranged in such a way, even if the obtained image of the object located in front of the image forming surface is formed on (3). In the case where each of the respective members arranged to separate and photography and reproducing projector, each imaging a perspective image of the face of the optical system and in accordance with a single exposure is calculated by the computer. The imaging surface is coated with a photosensitive layer (3) into an inlet of the developing. Each projector is irradiated with parallel light from behind. The intermediate space is injected into the optical media or emptied and further lens surfaces (5) arranged in such a way, even have to be in parallel from a rear converging or scattering light, to pass through the image forming surface irradiated on the image (3) and projecting to the space.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fight with plant pests. As active components, composition includes tolclofos-methyl and neonicotinoid compound of formula (1), where A stands for 6-chloro-3-pyridyl group, 2-chloro-5-thiazolyl group, tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group or tetrahydrofuran-3-yl group, Z represents methyl group, NHR 2 group, N(CH 3 )R 2 group or SR 2 group, R 1 is hydrogen atom, methyl group or ethyl group, R 2 stands for hydrogen atom or methyl group, or R 1 and R 2 together represent group CH 2 CH 2 or group CH 2 OCH 2 , X is nitrogen atom or CH group and Y stands for cyanogroup or nitrogroup. Plant seeds are treated with efficient amount of claimed composition. EFFECT: invention makes it possible to make fight more efficient. 6 cl


This paper illuminates Japanese politeness orientation by investigating the use of the formulaic expression, yoroshiku onegaishimasu (literal meaning: 'I make a request and I hope things go well') in naturalistic data. Yoroshiku onegaishimasu is frequently used in various contexts, serving various pragmatic functions. The paper discusses the link between its literal meaning and its functions, and reveals a Japanese culture-specific face' which is more sensitive to debt than the threat to the freedom of action. By saying yoroshiku onegaishimasu, the speaker clearly indicates that s/he is a debtor or, in other words, the speaker clearly acknowledges s/he benefits (or will benefit) from the hearer. Such an act is considered to be polite in Japanese, and thus yoroshiku onegaishimasu is used in wider contexts. It is argued that caring for the debt-credit equilibrium is a significant politeness phenomenon in Japanese.


SPORTS PARTICIPATION POLICIES AFFECTING TRANSGENDER ATHLETES SHOULD BE BASED ON SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE In late 2021, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) passed their new Framework on Fairness, Inclusion and NonDiscrimination on the Basis of Gender Identity and Sex Variations with the hopes of allowing International Federations (IFs) room to create participation policies appropriate for the unique needs of their sport. 2 Since then IFs have responded with restrictive policies that do not meet the IOC standard that 'principles of inclusion and nondiscrimination...should be promoted and defended at all levels of sport'. It is especially concerning that these transgender participation policies are being crafted without scientific or medical basis: flawed studies are cited, research is distorted and misapplied or practices that have been discredited are reintroduced. Scientists, physicians and other members of the sports medicine and athlete support community should be concerned by any policy that pits inclusion against fairness and systematically excludes certain humans from elite sport. We should be especially alarmed when these policies are based on distorted evidence, discredited evidence or fallacious application of evidence.