A contact information managing apparatus which can provide relevance contact information that a user wishes to know is provided. A contact information managing apparatus includes a contact information storage device for storing a plurality of pieces of contact information, a selecting part for receiving selection of one of contact information, a searching part for obtaining other contact information which includes the same value with the contact information selected by the selecting part and a display controlling part for displaying the other contact information obtained by the searching part on a display device. The display controlling part can group the obtained other contact information according to an item which includes the same value with the selected contact information and display it. In addition, the display controlling part can display predetermined items in items included in the obtained other contact information.


Objectives: National guidelines recommend that patients presenting with acute stroke undergo brain imaging within 25 minutes of emergency department arrival. Delays in brain imaging may prevent or reduce effective stroke treatments such as thrombolysis.

Methods: Data from the Get With the Guidelines-Stroke program from 2003 through 2009 were analyzed to determine overall imaging rates, temporal trends, and predictive variables associated with door-to-imaging times in patients who presented to an emergency department within 2 hours of stroke symptom onset and did not have clear contraindications to thrombolytic treatment. Multivariable logistic regression adjusting for within-hospital clustering was performed to identify the independent predictors of brain imaging within 25 minutes of emergency department arrival.

Results: The study population consisted of 221,538 patients. Brain imaging was performed within 25 minutes in only 21.6% of patients. Rates of brain imaging 70 years; female gender; African American race; history of diabetes, carotid stenosis, peripheral vascular disease, or smoking; use of antihypertensive or diabetic medications; symptom onset in another acute care or chronic care facility; transportation to hospital other than ambulance; and hospital location in the Northeast region. History of atrial fibrillation/flutter and use of cholesterol-reducing medications were associated with a higher likelihood of brain imaging completed within 25 minutes.

Conclusions: In most patients with acute stroke symptoms, brain imaging is not performed within the recommended 25 minutes. Future quality improvement initiatives should focus on reducing door-to-imaging times, with a specific emphasis on the predictive variables identified in this analysis.


A bench-scale ion exchange process with batch biological denitification of the spent regenerant brine was developed to remove nitrate from drinking water. This research indicates that the combination procedure results in 50 percent reduction of regenerant consumption and 90 percent reduction in the mass of waste salt discharged. The process features a sequencing batch reactor to accomplish the biological denitrification of a 0.5 N sodium chloride spent regenerant solution. Now being pilot tested in California, the process-which is simple, flexible, and reliable-should be suitable for use by small systems


Blood and Marrow Transplant HandbookFood Choice, Acceptance and ConsumptionEarthThe Regional Impacts of Climate ChangeBest Care at Lower CostTranscranial Doppler UltrasonographyLive Long and ProsperImaging in Bariatric SurgeryInternational Encyclopedia of Hospitality ManagementObesityMen and GodsFlexible Work OrganizationsManagement of Acute Pulmonary EmbolismEvidence-Based Neuroimaging Diagnosis and TreatmentClinical Practice Guidelines We Can TrustGuidelines for Clinical PracticeNTA-TIA BookshelfRates, Trends, Causes, and Consequences of Urban Land-use Change in the United StatesModern Techniques in Total Hip ArthroplastyReinforced Concrete DesignA Record of the Descendants of Isaac Ross and Jean BrownWater ResourcesThe Black Box SocietyThe Physical Geography of South AmericaFinding What Works in Health CareTourism Destination Marketing and ManagementTijuana River ValleyCalifornia's Volatile Workers' Compensation Insurance MarketProblem-based Behavioral Science and PsychiatryLeading with Heart and SoulWater Resources Management in RomaniaObservation MedicineCoastal Resources ManagementHospital-Based Emergency CareOrganising MusicCoastal and Marine Geospatial TechnologiesEnvironmental Hazards Methodologies for Risk Assessment and ManagementEvidence-Based ImagingAfter AdornoEssentials of Pharmacy Management


Electronic absorption and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectra of 2,3,6,7,11,12,17,18-octaethylcorrphycene, a constitutional isomer of porphyrin, were recorded for the neutral, doubly protonated, and doubly deprotonated forms. The spectra closely resemble those of the parent porphyrin and are quite different from those of other porphyrin isomers such as porphycene and hemiporphycene. Theoretical considerations based on Michl's perimeter model allow one to understand the spectral properties observed within the series of porphyrin isomers composed of porphyrin, porphycene, hemiporphycene, and corrphycene. Differences in spectral features within members of the group are caused by varying orbital splitting patterns. In perimeter model terminology, corrphycene is a soft chromophore,with approximately equal energy splittings between the pairs of highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (ΔHOMO ALUMO). As a consequence, a strong spectral sensitivity to structural peturbations is predicted for corrphycene. This behavior contrasts with what is expected for the porphyrin isomers porphycene and hemiporphycene, which are negative-hard chromophores (ΔHOMO < ΔLUMO). The experimentally observed excited-state characteristics are reproduced satisfactorily using time-dependent DFT (B3LYP/6-31G**) calculations. Finally, it is shown that the four-orbital model of Gouterman, which is widely used to interpret the spectral properties of porphyrin and its derivatives, is also applicable to corrphycene.


Effective endoscopic hemostatic techniques for small-intestinal diverticular bleeding have not been established. While endoscopic band ligation (EBL) is reported to be effective for colonic diverticular hemorrhage, it has been reported to cause delayed perforation owing to a completely occluded ligature site and necrosis (▶Fig. 1) [1]. Reports of EBL in the small intestine suggest that the risk of perforation may be high because the ligature site is often ligated down to the serosa [2]. Therefore, a safe and effective hemostatic method for small-intestinal diverticular bleeding is required. It has been reported that application of an over-the-scope (OTS) clip (▶Fig. 2) can be useful for colonic diverticular hemorrhage [3, 4], but there have been no reports of their use for small-bowel diverticular bleeding. A 56-year-old woman presented to our hospital with gastrointestinal bleeding. A diverticulum with blood clots was detected at the distal end of the ileum on lower gastrointestinal endoscopy. No bleeding was observed after the clots had been removed, but active bleeding was observed after stimulation with a nontraumatic tube [5]. Therefore, this diverticulum E-Videos


This paper presents the results of tests on the vibration of a normal triangular tube bundle subjected to air–water cross-flow. The pitch-to-diameter ratio of the bundle is 1.5, and the tube diameter is 38 mm. The tubes were preferentially flexible in one direction. Both the lift and the drag direction were tested. A wide range of void fractions and fluid velocities was tested. Fluidelastic instabilities and tube resonances were observed. The resonances induced significant vibration amplitudes at high void fractions in the lift direction. The results are compared with those obtained with a rotated triangular tube bundle. They show that the normal triangular configuration is more stable than the rotated triangular configuration.


This study examined the relationship between organisational pressure and quality of work life among the staff of universities in Delta North Senatorial District. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted the correlational research design. The population comprised 1,445 staff in universities in Delta North Senatorial District. The sample of the study comprised 429 staff. The staff was selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure. The instrument that was used to collect data for this study is a questionnaire. The psychometric properties of the instrument were established and adjudged to be adequate. The research questions were answered with the aid of regression and Fisher-z statistics were used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between organisational pressure and quality of work life of staff in universities; but that there is no significant moderating impact of sex on the relationship that exists between organisational pressure and quality of work life of staff in universities; and that there is a significant relationship among organisational pressure, self-efficacy, and quality of work life of staff in universities in Delta North Senatorial District. The study recommended that management of universities in Delta North Senatorial District should take note of the impact of organisational pressure on quality of work life of staff and ensure that such pressures are reduced to their barest minimum in order to give the staff a sense of job satisfaction and overall quality of work life.  Article visualizations:


With scouring enzyme SKD-301,the pretreatment of three kinds of cotton fabrics with medium weight,high count and density and heavy fabrics were carried out respectively.The influence of scouring enzyme dosage,pH value,batching time,and fabric varieties to scouring effect was discussed.It is found that medium weight fabric treated with SKD-301 has better effect.The fabric treated with enzyme featured high strength,clean fabric surface,better desizing percentage,and environmental friendly compared with conventional scouring and bleaching process.


Entangled states are key resource for quantum information processing. In linear optics quantum computing,the most widely used entanglement resource is polarization entangled photon pairs generated via type-Ⅱ spontaneous parametric down-conversion. However,the brightness is not sufficient to perform quantum communication experiment between ground and satellite. In this paper we have developed a high-brightness entangled resource based on periodic polarization and quasi-phase marched periodically poled KTiOPO 4 crystal. The number of generated entangled pairs is about 1.6×10 4 s -1 mW -1 and the visibility is 27∶1. Our source is with about one order of magnitude brighter than previous sources based on β-barium borate crystal. This leads to an immediate possibility for applications in the field of quantum key distribution,quantum teleportation and quantum computation. Particularly it would form a solid basis for future global quantum network.


Quality improvement and implementation science practitioners identify relational issues as important obstacles to success. Relational interventions may be important for successful performance improvement and fostering Learning Health Systems.


Digital substations primary equipments make use of many intelligent primary equipment, for example, Electronic Transformers (including Electronic Voltage Transformers EVT and Electronic Current Transformers ECT,which meet the standards IEC 60044-7/8),intelligent switch and so on,digital substations secondary equipments include many IED(Intelligent Electronic Device). This thesis studys on the function,design,hardware and testing method of the testing system for real-time of communication of the digital substations secondary equipments.


This work addresses a generalization of Dean's classical problem, which sought to explain how an annular thin elastic plate buckles under uniform shearing forces applied around its edges. We adapt the original setting by assuming that the outer edge is radially stretched while the inner rim undergoes in-plane rotation through some small angle. Boundary-layer methods are used to investigate analytically the deformation pattern which is set up and localized around the inner hole when this angle reaches a well-defined critical wrinkling value. Linear stability theory enables us to identify both the critical load and the preferred number of wrinkles appearing in the deformed configuration. Our asymptotic results are compared with a number of direct numerical simulations.


Objective To investigate common diseases among college freshmen with diverse ethnicities in northwest Guangxi Province during 2007-2011,and to provide fundamental basis for disease prevention and health education strategy.Methods Physical examination data of 11 425 college freshmen during 2007 to 2011 were analyzed.Results The rate of full health was 13.50%,with students of Han ethnicity being higher(17.56%) than those of minorities(10.91%).The rate of low vision was 78.50%,with Han students(83.18%) higher than minority groups(75.53%) and female students(83.01%) higher that of male(72.28%).The rate of malnutrition was 51.91%,Han students(48.39%) higher than minority students(54.15%) and female(60.49%) higher than male(39.97%).The rate of dental caries was 13.37%,with female(15.33%) and minority students(15.45%) being higher.Conclusion School-based health promotion should be implemented among college freshmen considering worrisome health status


This paper presents a dynamic model to compute the DC flashover voltage for a fixed washed high voltage insulator. This model provides a combination between the static flashover and dynamic arc models. The proposed model takes the pollution layer resistance variation with time during washing into consideration. This variation is experimentally measured at different equivalent salt deposit density (ESDD) values. A mathematical equation for computing the pollution resistance variation with time during washing process is proposed. The DC flashover voltage is computed using the proposed flashover model at different pollution levels. The proposed flashover model is experimentally validated considering the adopted ESDD values. Also, the obtained results show a good agreement between the proposed model and experimental results. The effect of washing water flow rate on flashover voltage is preliminary investigated. Finally, the present study improves fixed washing systems and decreases the flashover during the washing process.


This paper considers what influences the translation process for writers in Indian journalism: tools that guide, and structures that constrict. From in-depth interviews with Indian journalists conducted in New Delhi from 2018 to 2019, I examine creative agency in the context of multilingual reporting in India, to examine news stories not just as factual bytes of daily events but as creatively written short essays of journalistic translation. Indian journalists offer perspective on their writing processes from the initial assignment of a story idea to the fruition of the piece in publication. This research delves into how Indian journalists think about the multilingual reporting they do and the attention they pay to journalistic translation when moving from a spoken Hindi interview to an English-language article. I broadly interrogate the skopos, or aim, of journalistic translation in the context of Indian news, noting the vernacular push-and-pull of multilingual reporting disseminated in Hindi and English, or other Indian languages. I investigate how Indian journalists cope with moments of the "untranslatable" in their everyday work, if and when they recognize situations of journalistic translation, and what they consider to be underlying impacts of translated news in multilingual reporting from India. Journalists have creative agency in the way they share information that influences the skopos of multilingual reporting. Thus, the language transferred from sources to readers takes on new meanings that can have major impacts on audiences' reading of news stories.


Objective To investigate the effects of health education and nursing intervention on plasma levels of homocysteine(HCY) in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods The fasting plasma total levels of HCY and related serum lipid concentrations were detected respectively in 82 CHD patients. Health education and diet guidance on CHD patients were mainly made by nurses. 3 months follow-up was carried to urge the practicing of these health programs and reexamine HCY in the end of follow-up. Results Levels of plasma HCY were obviously reduced in CHD group after the 3 months' practice of health programs (P0.05).Among 82 cases,only 2 cases CHD reoccured. Conclusion Health education and nursing intervention may play an important role in reducing both HCY levels and CHD morbidity.


Machine Learning represents an invaluable set of tools for the analysis of data in molecular biology as well as bio-medicine. Here we present a training approach to teach fundamental machine learning skills to researchers in their early career stage (PhD and postdoc level) with the aim to empower them to apply these methods in their own research projects. The content was developed for being delivered in a short and intense learning period as part of a remote systems biology workshop but can be adapted to other scenarios with a less restricted time frame.


For the problem of identifying a target module that is embedded in a dynamic network with known interconnection structure, different sets of conditions are available for the set of node signals to be measured and the set of excitation signals to be applied at particular node locations. In previous work these conditions have typically been derived from either an indirect identification approach, considering external excitation signals as inputs, or from a direct identification approach, considering measured node signals as inputs. While both approaches lead to different sets of (sufficient) conditions, in this paper we extend the flexibility in the sufficient conditions for selection of excitation and measured node signals, by combining both direct and indirect approaches. As a result we will show the benefits of using both external excitation signals and node signals as predictor inputs. The provided conditions allow us to design sensor selection and actuation schemes with considerable freedom for consistent identification of a target module.


Abstract : Data from experimental investigations of horizontal pressure of sand on the walls of cylindrical reinforced concrete silos under real conditions are given in the report. Recommended specifications of the loads of sand on silo walls are suggested.


This paper examines one of the central complaints regarding Locke's Essay, namely, its supposed incoherence. The question is whether Locke can successfully maintain a materialistic conception of matter, while advancing a theory of knowledge that will constrain the possibilities for a cognitive access to matter from the start. In approaching this question I concentrate on Locke's account of unity. While material unity can be described in relation to Locke's account of substance, real essence, and nominal essence, a separate discussion will be called for altogether in the case of organic unity. In closing, I turn to Kant as a model for locating Locke's purported incoherence, suggesting that his "skeptical idealism" yields the same epistemic advantages as those won by Kant's "empirical realism.".


Reinforced concrete is the most commonly used material in urban, road, and industrial structures. Quantifying the condition of the reinforcing steel can help manage the human and financial risks that arise from unexpected reinforced concrete structure functional failure. Also, a quantitative time history of reinforcing steel condition can be used to make decisions on rehabilitation, decommissioning, or replacement. The self-magnetic behavior of ferromagnetic materials is useful for quantitative condition assessment. In this study, a ferromagnetic rebar with artificial defects was scanned by a three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner. The obtained point cloud was imported as a real geometry to a finite element software platform; its self-magnetic behavior was then simulated under the influence of Earth's magnetic field. The various passive magnetic parameters that can be measured were reviewed for different conditions. Statistical studies showed that 0.76% of the simulation-obtained data of the rebar surface was related to the defect locations. Additionally, acceptable coincidences were confirmed between the magnetic properties from numerical simulation and from experimental outputs, most noticeably at hole locations.


Background: Ataluren was approved for the treatment of nmDMD, both the efficacy and safety have been previously reported only from clinical trials but no report exists about real-life experience. Patient/methods: we describe three Italian children with nmDMD treated with ataluren for 1 year. Measurements were made every 3 months and was evaluated the 6-Minute Walking Distance (6MWD). Results: Case1 involves a patient with a 6MWD at T0 of 360 m, who started ataluren therapy at age 10 years. Case2 is a child who began treatment with ataluren at age 8 years when he had severe ambulatory compromise (6MWD < 75 m at T0). A third patient (case3) had a 6MWD of 320 m when he started ataluren therapy at age 5 years. The best improvement in 6MWD was observed in case3, a patient in whom treatment with ataluren was started much earlier. In case1, ataluren was started relatively late and 6MWD was maintained at a stable level. Surprisingly, we observed a 50% improvement in 6MWD in case2, a patient who began therapy early, but with a severe loss of lower limb muscle function at the time. Conclusions: treatment responses depend on the patient's age and disease severity when therapy was initiated. On the basis of our experience, the main factor that influences the effectiveness seems to be earlier instigation of therapy and positive results may still be achieved in patients with more severe muscle involvement. Interestingly, these three boys with phenotypically different nmDMD provide useful information regarding future therapeutic recommendations for the ataluren administration in real clinical practice.


Erlian Basin is one of the large basins containing oil, coal and uranium deposits in China. Studying the relationship between time and spatial distribution and genesis among oil, coal and uranium deposits is very important for basic comprehensive prospecting. Researches have revealed that the uranium deposits occur in Jurassic, Cretaceous and Paleogene, while the oil fields occur in Jurassic and Cretaceous. The former is located in coarse-grained cataclastic sandstone, while the latter is situated in fine-grained cataclastic sandstone. Both uranium and coal deposits are controlled by the same depression. Prospecting practice has indicated that uranium-bearing target horizon is concordant with coal-bearing target horizon. Reducing fluid produced by oil and coal has an important effect on mineralization of sandstone-type uranium deposit, which is expressed as follows: (1)reducing fluid produced from oil and coal migrates along fault, and results in stronger reduction of upper sandstone,which is favorable for uranium concentration; (2)when the surface water containing uranium and oxygen is mixed with reducing fluid from the depth, U6+ will be reduced to U4+ and precipitates, (3)reducing fluid from the depth can bring some uranium-bearing matters, which forms superimposed mineralization. Based on the above cognition, it is suggested that comprehensive analytical method should be applied to the exploration in the basin, especially to uranium, oil and coal deposits. Comprehensive utilization and developing of the drilling data of oil and coal deposits will help the uranium prospecting and resources evaluation in this basin.


Objective To investigate the incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment and prognosis of AIDS patients with deep fungal infection in Changsha.Methods Clinical data of 480 cases of AIDS treated in a hospital between April 2003 and December 2009 were reviewed retrospectively.Results Of 480 AIDS cases,58(12.08%) had complications of deep fungal infection.The main clinical characteristics of these patients were:fever,cough(dry cough without sputum or less sputum),abdominal pain,diarrhea(watery diarrhea),skin lesion(papular eruption, exanthema haemorrhagicum,ecchymosis),pathogenic leanness,disturbance of consciousness,anemia,hepatosplenomegaly, and lymphadenectasis.The major pathogens were Penicillium marneffei(27 cases,46.55%),followed by Cryptococcus neoformans(16 cases,27.59%,cryptococcal meningitis).All 58 patients were treated with amphotericin B, fluconazole,and flucytosin based on drug susceptibility testing result,50(86.21%) patients were cured after treatment. Conclusion The incidence of deep fungal infection in AIDS patients are high.The key to the improvement of prognosis are early diagnosis,timely and effective anti-fungal treatment and highly active antiretroviral therapy.


The US Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Environmental Management (EM), Office of Technology Development was established to initiate and maintain an aggressive national program for applied research and development, to resolve major technical issues, and to rapidly advance beyond current technologies to find remediation solutions for the clean-up of the DOE complex.


Abstract The purpose of this research was to describe the form of Reog Ponorogo in Tujuh Belas Agustus event in Desa Parit I/II Kecamatan Sungai Apit Kabupaten Siak Riau. The researcher did a field observation when the show was held in the afternoon. There were 8 people involved in the show, 6 people as the instrument players, 1 person as the singo barong player and I person as the topeng bujang player. The properties used were barongan dadak merak, kuda kepang, topeng bujang ganong. The music instruments were the gamelan such as kenong, gong, ketipung, kendang, slomfret. As the gamelan goes wilder, the singo barong will be more active in doing some attractions. Kata kunci : Bentuk, Penyajian, Reog, Ponorogo,Sidodadi


Objective: To compare postoperative renal injury in low-flow sevoflurane anesthesia between more and less than two MAC-hours, and to determine the potential predisposing factors of postoperative renal injury.

Materials and Methods: The present study was a retrospective cohort study that included 400 patients who underwent low-flow general anesthesia with sevoflurane, determining maintenance of fresh gas flow not exceeding one liter per minute. All subjects were classified into two groups, those exceeding two MAC-hours and those receiving less than two MAC-hours. The diagnosis of postoperative renal injury followed the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. The multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for postoperative acute kidney injury.

Results: The incidences of postoperative acute kidney injury among the patients received more and less than two MAC-hours groups were 20.1% and 21.5%, respectively (p=0.876). Factors found to be associated with postoperative acute kidney injury were ASA classification 2 (adjusted OR 7.82, 95% CI 1.0 to 59.2), ASA physical status 3 or higher (adjusted OR 9.85 95% CI 1.3 to 76.4), and obesity (adjusted OR 5.74, 95% CI 2.0 to 16.4). Exposure to low-flow sevoflurane for more than two MAC-hours was not associated with postoperative renal injury (adjusted odds ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.5 to 1.5, p=0.666).

Conclusion: Exposure to low-flow sevoflurane exceeding two MAC-hours did not increase the risk of postoperative acute kidney injury.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury; Low flow general anesthesia; Sevoflurane


FIELD: confectionery industry. SUBSTANCE: chewing gum composition adapted for removal of colorant contains effective amount of at least one colorant removing agent selected from the group consisting of anionogenic and non-ionogenic surfactants, said agent being encapsulated with hydrophilic encapsulating substance. Encapsulated agent intended for removal of colorant is available in such a manner that effective amount of colorant removing agent is capable of being released from said composition. Method for removal of pigment from teeth involves chewing effective amount of chewing gum composition adapted for removal of pigment. Method for producing of chewing gum adapted for removal of pigment involves adding encapsulated pigment removing agent during manufacture of chewing gum composition so that said agent is free within chewing gum composition and is effectively released therefrom during chewing. Confectionery composition for removal of pigment contains effective amount of at least one hydrophilic encapsulated pigment removing agent selected from the group consisting of anionogenic and non-ionogenic surfactants. Said encapsulated agent is available in such a manner that effective amount of said agent may be released from said composition. Another method for removal of pigment from teeth involves placing effective amount of pigment removing composition into mouth cavity for solving said composition with the result that large amount of said agent is effectively released from said composition. EFFECT: increased efficiency in releasing of pigment removal agent from chewing gum composition. 43 cl, 7 tbl, 3 ex


Abstract Successful mentoring relationships are essential for novice teachers entering the teaching profession. The success of the mentoring process depends in large part on the diagnostic abilities of the mentor, but there is little research on how mentor teachers view their mentees. In this small-scale study, we explored how 11 mentor teachers describe similarities and differences between their mentee teachers. We found that mentor teachers' descriptions predominantly relate to differences in personal engagement with pupils, identifying as a teacher, perfectionism and self-confidence. Mentors tended to describe these differences in terms of traits and dispositions. We provide suggestions for addressing this issue in mentor preparation and for using findings in mentor training, and we provide a conceptual framework for future studies of mentor teachers' views of their mentees.


October 28, 2016 Abstract—The methodology presented in this paper aims at supporting the whole needs and the Stakeholder Requirements definition in product development or product extension projects. To achieve that goal, the methodology forces to take into account the relevant Stakeholders and the Product Life-Cycle phases they impact on for that product. The paper shows a practical example taken from a real product extension project where the methodology was used. Since the main inputs for product extensions usually come from the marketing department, it resulted to be very effective in broadening the perspective. Thus it ended up in a holistic list of requirements, covering the needs of all the Stakeholders. Requirements frame the development problem, hence, as more they are complete as less failure risks there are. The methodology requires further experiments in other industries to prove its generality. Nonetheless it is expected to provide great support in product extension activities by lowering failure risk and by helping in satisfying all the Stakeholder needs.


The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), which generates electric power by using a low temperature heat source, is developed and an experimental study is conducted. A radial turbine and high speed DC generator are also designed and developed in this study. R245fa is adopted as a working fluid, considering the operation conditions of the cycle and its environmental friendly characteristics. Experiments are conducted to analyze the operation characteristics and performance of the developed ORC. The efficiencies of the cycle and turbine, electric power and temperature versus entropy diagram of the developed ORC with respect to the operation condition are investigated through experiments. The factors that influence the efficiency of the developed ORC are analyzed and discussed.© 2011 ASME


Recently, there has been some interest in multi-junction vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) due to their scaling properties. In particular the power density and power conversion efficiency (PCE) can be significantly increased. A PCE in excess of 63% has been demonstrated for multi-junction VCSELs, as well as a peak output power of 1kW from chips as small as 1mm^2. Multi-junction VCSELs thus present many interesting opportunities and we will review our development efforts of this technology across the near-infrared wavelength range of 800-1100nm, and covering several applications including the industrial, automotive (LIDAR in particular), and consumer fields.


4G Wireless communication systems have the inherent capability to foster the multimedia services in terms of bandwidth and data rate. These systems have very high integrity compared to the conventional wireless communication systems. It can fully support extended multimedia services with High Definition quality, audio and video files. Wireless internet and other broad band services provided superior quality signal transmission and reception. The degree of freedom enjoyed by the technology in terms of scalability and reliability is highly commendable. Any basic wireless transmitter sends information by varying the phase of the signal. In the receiver end, the desired signal can be decoded by appropriate decoding algorithm. The degradation occurs at the conventional receivers due to lack of Channel State Information. The efficiency of 4G system purely relies on the performance of receiver and is purely dependent on the synchronization of estimated instantaneous channel. In any wireless terminal, channel state information provides the in and around status of the channel. It provides the following parameters of the propagating signal (ie) Scattering, Fading and Attenuation. The dynamic estimation of channel state information can be obtained through Enhanced Least Squares channel estimation algorithm. It is based on Multi Carrier Filter Bank Transmission system. This  kind of dynamic estimation can be done with a set of well-known sequence of  coded unique bits .For a transmitter the information propagation is initiated in the form of frame bursts. It enhances the throughput of the system to the required level.


For a two-dimensional potential of intersecting parabolic bowls, we obtain an analytical approximation for the survival probability in the limit that the reactive mode is diffusive and the perpendicular protein mode frozen. The approximation is used in an automated computer algorithm for determining the parameters of the potential. Using this program, we are able to obtain a reasonably good fit to the low- temperature data of CO binding to horse myoglobin. We find, however, that features of the potential such as the saddle-point energy and the effective barrier, expected to dictate the high-temperature kinetics, are not uniquely determined for this potential from fitting the low-temperature data.


Consumerism was defined and studied as protection and active participation in negative business issues that directly affect the consumer. The consumerism model is based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) using social media (Twitter) to determine any significant differences between two divergent cultures and economies: Saudi Arabia and the USA. Our results suggest a partial fit to the model. The equivalent significant findings for both samples are as follows: 1) Consumers with negative perceptions of government regulatory practices have a more positive attitude towards consumerism; 2) Both countries have a positive subjective norm, intention, and behaviour for consumerism. Our findings found that Saudi consumers have a higher level of intent to engage in consumerism behaviours via Twitter than American consumers. Finally, Saudi consumers have a negative perception of government regulatory practices that can be attributed to its restricted civil society relative to the USA.


Remotely sensed satellite data of IRS‐lB‐LISS‐1 have been analyzed to delineate five different geomorphic surfaces in the Siwalik hills in a semiarid tract of the Punjab state in northwest India. Soils from unstable geomorphic surfaces (shoulder, toeslope, and rivulet) showed A‐C profiles, while soils developed on relatively stable geomorphic surfaces (backslope and footslope) had a well‐developed cambic horizon and showed A‐Bw‐C profile development. Topography, along with the nature of parent material and time, was found to be responsible for the pedogenic differences in the soils developed on different landscapes. The eroded soils from shoulder and toeslope were classified as Typic Ustorthents, and the coarse‐textured soils from rivulet as Typic Ustipsamments. The moderately developed soils from backslope and footslope were classified as Typic Ustochrepts. This study established a well‐defined relationship between geomorphic surfaces and development of soils. Concatenation of soils on these geomorphic s...


The Synchronous condenser is a commonly used device for power grid compensation. It plays an important role in the power system. In order to control the temperature rise in the winding within the allowable range, the water channel is blocked when the Synchronous condenser stator is cooled by water. Fault is one of the common faults, which affects the safe and reliable operation of the Synchronous condenser. In order to reduce the probability of fault occurrence, it is necessary to study the relationship between the degree of blockage of the wire rod and the temperature. In this paper, a 300Mvar Synchronous condenser is taken as the research object, and the distribution of the temperature field of the stator bars under different blocking degrees is studied. Introduction Faults caused by blocked or broken water in the stator winding account for more than half of the total faults of the generator [1]. When the motor is blocked by a hollow conductor or water is broken, the stator winding is destroyed, and in severe cases, the stator core is damaged [2]. The stability of the water cooling system of the Synchronous condenser is related to the safe and stable operation of the unit. The water cooling system directly affects the health and insulation life of the winding strands. Therefore, it is necessary to test and test the water cooling system of the Synchronous condenser [3]. In China, Professor Lu Yiping from Harbin University of Science and Technology and his students used fluid dynamics software to analyze the original structure and reduce the temperature distribution of the stator end and the pressure finger after the end of the stator end and the size of the spacer. The results show that Reducing the binding of the end of the stator and the size of the spacer can reduce the temperature rise of the end winding [3]. Li Weili et al. simulated the change of the thickness of the motor core and the number and size of the ventilation groove. The improved structure is more than the original structure. The lower temperature rise is reduced, indicating that the reasonable design of certain structures of the motor can reduce the temperature rise of the motor to a certain extent [4]. In foreign countries, many scholars have also carried out a lot of research on the fluid field and temperature field in the motor. JiĜí Franc, Vladimír Kindl and others analyzed the fluid field and temperature of the stator ventilation duct wind road with different blockage degree for a steam turbine generator. The distribution of the field provides a reference for the design of the stator ventilation gullies of large steam turbine generators [5]. Ken'ichi Hattori studied the air-cooled steam turbine generator of 250MVA and analyzed the influence of the ventilation and heat dissipation system of the motor on the insulation of the stator strand. The calculation results meet the requirements of insulation and temperature, and provide ventilation and cooling for the air-cooled turbine generator. The design of the system laid the theoretical foundation [6].


NGN (next generation network) will bring many benefits to network operators. Operators that deploy it can potentially offer a much wider range of applications and services, to subscribers irrespective of their location, at reduced cost and complexity. NGN will allow operators to increase their revenues through the additional services that can be offered, while their capital expenditure and operation expenses will decrease with their migration from legacy TDM networks to converged network architectures. With the increasing penetration of wireless local area networks (WLANs) and emerging Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WiMax) as access network technologies, the IMS scope is now extended within the ongoing Release 7 standardization for any IP access network, including fixed access networks, i.e. DSL (digital subscriber line). Particular the later aspect has also driven NGN standardization bodies, such as ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) and ITU-T (International Telecommunications Union - Telecommunications Sector) to consider the IMS as an important service control platform for their NGN standards. The following sections provide the standards activities of the TC TISPAN in the area of NGN including the brief description of the TISPAN and its structure, NGN architecture principles and functions as well as the steps in the standardization path towards the full NGN.


The present invention discloses a process for producing ethylene propylene diene / styrene thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) process, which process is a chemical reaction mixture → → → → → pelletizing the extruded article into a cyclone drying → drying two cyclones → product, in a separate kneader under pressure and heat after a certain time of kneading, so that the chemical reaction between the material, all batches of heating temperature and time can control the same, to ensure the stability of product quality.


A core-excited I = (12+) spin-gap isomer was identified in 98Cd in an experiment at EUROBALL IV. It was found to feed the known I = (8+) seniority isomer by an E4 transition. Half-lives of T1/2 = 0.23() µs and 0.17() µs were measured for the two states at Ex = 6635 keV and 2428 keV, respectively. From the excitation energy of the core-excited isomer a 100Sn shell gap of 6.46(15) MeV is inferred. The measured E4 and E2 strengths, 100Sn core excitations and the origin of empirical polarization charges are discussed in the framework of large-scale shell model calculations. An E2 polarization charge for protons of e<0.4 e is found, which corresponds to the empirical value e = 0.45() e in the pure proton hole valence space.


Dolphin and Union Strait, in the Canadian Arctic, was surveyed in the summer of 1990 using the Larsen 500 scanning Lidar bathymeter. As part of the 1993 Arctic hydrographic surveys, five test areas within the Lidar-surveyed area were chosen for detailed acoustic measurements. These data were used to calibrate the Lidar depths prior to integration with acoustic soundings in hydrographic field sheet construction. For the calibration, geostatistical software was used to bring the two data types to common grid points, and to estimate the total error surface of both Lidar and acoustic measurements due to errors in depth measurement and reduction, positioning system errors and errors in interpolation due to the roughness of the bathymetry. The differences in the two data sets are examined and the reasons for biases are discussed. A precision estimate of the Lidar depth measurements was made based on the difference residuals and the a priori estimates of precision of each of the measured data sets.


There is no doubt now that the current trend that every electronic device should be connected in one way or another (usually many) implies a greater need for efficient networks. These networks should be connected, exhibit small-world behavior and their topology should be robust to local modifications like device movement; all this should be achieved using minimal and distributed processes. The workshop we held at BIRS between Feb 5–1


In 1838, Edwin Hare described the first case of Superior Sulcus Tumor who presented with 1) a history of pain, tingling, and numbness in the distribution of the left ulnar nerve, 2) Horner's syndrome, and 3) a palpable mass in the "inferior triangular space" on the left side of his neck. The mass continued to grow until the patient became paraplegic, developed urinary retention, and eventually died of the disease. The postmortem examination revealed a hard tumor extending superiorly toward the origin of the brachial plexus and involving the carotid artery, the cervical sympathetic nerves, the vagal and phrenic nerves, the spine, and intervertebral foramina [1]. In 1932, Pancoast defined the SST as bronchogenic carcinomas that developed in the apex of the lungs and invaded the superior pulmonary sulcus [2-4]. These tumors are situated in the thoracic inlet and invade the lymphatics of the endothoracic fascia and extend to the lower roots of the brachial plexus, inter costal nerves, the stellate ganglion, the sympathetic chain, and adjacent ribs and vertebral bodies. The resulting severe pain and Horner's syndrome (pupillary constriction, ptosis of the upper eyelid, slight elevation of lower lid, sinking in of the eye ball, narrowing of the palpebral fissure, an hidrosis and flushing of the affected side of the face) have been given the name "Pancoast's syndrome" because of his description given above.


small countries of much of the accepted doctrine on economic development&dquo; (p. ix). The book is divided into two parts, one dealing with a general framework and the other with the application of this general framework to the Caribbean. He begins the first part with a very interesting and refreshing discussion of the concepts of underdevelopment, development, and selfsustained growth. His argument in this discussion is that these concepts cannot be dealt with independently of the size of nations. The concept of self-sustained growth has, in the author's words, &dquo;been bandied about by laymen and economists alike&dquo; (p. 4), yet when looked at in detail is found to have relatively little signifi-


In recent years, it has been shown that air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and diesel exhaust increase airway symptoms in healthy subjects as well as in individuals with asthma, allergy and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is evidence that airway diseases such as asthma and allergy are increasing in terms of both prevalence and incidence in many western countries [1]. Current evidence also suggests that asthmatics are more sensitive to the effects of air pollutants [1±3]. Concentrations of NO2 are often much higher in indoor air compared with ambient air and are thus of primary importance in particular industrial environments, while ozone is mainly an outdoor problem during the summer. Diesel exhaust is one of the most important sources of particulate matter pollution. These pollutants have previously been shown to induce in ̄ammatory changes in the human airways, but more detailed information has been lacking. Very little is known about their effects in the lung tissue per se and the importance of lung epithelial lining ̄uid (ELF) antioxidants in the defence against their oxidative properties. There is no clear evidence of a safe threshold level and many studies observe that health effects increase with pollution levels, often with a near dose±response relationship [4]. Furthermore, it has been shown that area sampling data may be of limited value in the investigation of the biological effects of exposure to pollution. Personal sampling produces two to 10 times higher values on average than corresponding measurements of area concentration [5]. As a result, personal exposure assessments may be crucial in determining the health effects attributable to different concentrations of air pollutants. Epidemiological studies alone cannot provide an adequate insight into the mechanisms responsible for the adverse human health effects of exposure to ambient or workroom concentrations of air pollutants. Although experimental exposure studies using bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) have certain limitations, they have given the opportunity to assess the airway effects of air pollutants in man and are needed to obtain basic information which may contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of the toxicity of air pollutants. In this review, studies addressing the in ̄ammatory and antioxidant responses in the airways to these air pollutants will be discussed along with proposed mechanisms contributing to air pollutant-induced airway in ̄ammation.


ABSTRACT Briefly incubated agar cultures from positive blood cultures were used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) by Vitek 2. The cultivation time until inoculation was 3.8 h for Gram-positive cocci and 2.4 h for Gram-negative rods. The error rates were low, providing early and reliable AST without additional time or cost expenditure.


Visco-elastic properties of kiwifruit were measured by a laser Doppler method over an eight day ripening period. After ethylene treatment, fruit flesh elasticity decreased exponentially. However, viscosity of the flesh increased from day 0 to 2 and then decreased. Fruit tissue was boiled in 80% ethanol to extract soluble sugars (EtOH fraction) ; the EtOH-insoluble residue was treated with α-amylase to solubilize starch. The amount of sucrose, glucose, fructose and inositol in the EtOH fraction on unit FW basis increased from day 0 to 3, while starch decreased during the ripening period. Cell wall material was fractionated into the hot water-soluble (WS), hot EDTA-soluble (pectin), alkaline soluble (hemicellulose) and residual (cellulose) fractions. The quantity of hydrolyzed sugars in the WS fraction decreased exponentially during ripening, whereas that in the pectin and hemicellulose fractions increased slightly on day 1 and then decreased rapidly. The amount of cellulose remained nearly constant during ripening. The iodine method revealed appreciable amounts of xyloglucan in the hemicellulose fraction. Gel permeation chromatography of polymers in the hemicellulose fraction revealed that xyloglucan had degraded rapidly by day 2. The molecular weights of both total sugar and uronic acid components of the pectin fraction increased from day 0 to 2, and then decreased. The amount of total cell wall polysaccharides and starch decreased by 80% during ripening, which indicates that a decrease in the molecular weight of xyloglucan correlates with a loss in fruit tissue elasticity, while the changes in the molecular weight of pectin corresponds with changes in viscosity. A substantial portion of the cell wall polysaccharides was hydrolyzed to soluble sugars in the early phase of ripening.


A novel binuclear ruthenium vinyl complexes with dithienylethene unit II [RuCl (CO)(PMe3)3]2(μ-CH=CH-DTE-CH=CH) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and NMR spectra. Meanwhile, the crystal of II was obtained and determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction.


The impact of grid-connected PV power plants (GCPPP) operation on the grid entails mandatory provision and conformable execution of futuristic grid-codes (GC) by GCPPP stakeholders. While standard GC-compliant reactive power injection occurs in the advent of voltage drops at the point of common coupling (PCC), weather-dependent active power delivery should also coincide. Hence, it is essential to derive the PV inverter current reference set-points meticulously and confine its current range. This paper proposes a novel control strategy for realization of enhanced LVRT operation in three-phase single-stage GCPPPs. The control scheme encompasses the following features: (a) PCC negative-sequence current reference set-points determination from its positive-sequence counterpart; as well as the analytical determination of PCC voltage sequence components, (b) GC-compliant reactive power injection, without causing second-order harmonic oscillations in the delivered active power to the grid during asymmetrical PCC faults, (c) utilization of a current limiter for immaculate regulation of the PV array output power. Simulation results reflect on the developed control scheme's effectiveness in significantly improving GCPPP LVRT operation for a wide range of operating conditions.


In this paper, we study numerical approximations of a recently proposed phase field model for the vesicle membrane deformation governed by the variation of the elastic bending energy. To overcome the challenges of high order nonlinear differential systems and the nonlinear constraints associated with the problem, we present the phase field bending elasticity model in a nested saddle point formulation. A mixed finite element method is then employed to compute the equilibrium configuration of a vesicle membrane with prescribed volume and surface area. Coupling the approximation results for a related linearized problem and the general theory of Brezzi-Rappaz-Raviart, optimal order error estimates for the finite element approximations of the phase field model are obtained. Numerical results are provided to substantiate the derived estimates.


The construction of large size residential public housing estates that took place between the Fifties and the Seventies has been replaced in the Nineties in the vast majority of the Italian cities by the physical and social rehabilitation of the former built housing estates, often characterised by degradation and negative stigmatisation. The three cases that are presented in the article describe different forms of public or public-private interventions for the integrated rehabilitation of peripheral neighbourhoods: while two of them (PRU via Artom and CdQ Sant'Eusebio) use in an innovative way some new implementation tools introduced in the Nineties - the so called "complex programmes" -, the third case (Villaggio Barona) proposes, through a small scale intervention promoted mainly by private actors, the rehabilitation of a wide and critical urban sector where the new neighbourhood becomes a new spatial and social core. Through the cases it is possible to understand not only the context of the different urban sectors, but also the interventions that have been promoted in order to foster the participation of the inhabitants, to support them and to manage and overcome the conflicts that often compromise the effectiveness of such programmes.


Graphical synthetic routes of the fourth generation injectable cephalosporin cefepime hydrochloride are reviewed in this article,mainly based on 3-chloro-methyl cephalosporins,or 7-amino-3-acetyl-methoxy-cephalosporin-3en-4-carboxylic acid(7-ACA) as the starting material with two synthetic routes,both methods have advantages in the production of the actual situation can select the appropriate line.


A 7-year-old girl presented with a painless mass on the right labial commissure that progressively increased in size over 1 month and occasionally bled. There was no history of local trauma. Physical exam showed a well-defined, nodular and pedunculated mass measuring approximately 2 cm in diameter, with a lobulated surface and a firm consistency, friable on touch (Fig. 1). Physical examination was otherwise normal. What is your diagnosis? (Answer on page 242)


Calligraphy and drawing have always been my favorite means of self-expression. My thesis "A Collection from a Child's World" is a result of my attempt to blend these two art forms.


AbstractThis study presents the numerical investigation and design of cold-formed lean duplex stainless steel (CFLDSS) tubular sections subjected to concentrated end bearing loads, specifically end...


We present a molecular dynamics simulation study of ice growth from supercooled water in contact with:  (i) the basal plane of hexagonal ice and (ii) the (111) plane of cubic ice. We observe that, regardless of the substrate, a variable number of stacking faults appear during the crystallization. The simulations also show that the formation of cubic ice is more likely than the formation of hexagonal ice, in agreement with recent experimental findings and the Ostwald step rule.


ABSTRACT The medicinal use of Salsola tetragona Delile (Amaranthaceae) aerial parts is a longstanding tradition. This study delved into the plant's potential as an antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-Alzheimer agent. The aerial portion extracted and evaluated four fractions (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol) for their antioxidant activity using DPPH, FRAP, and anti-hemolysis tests, as well as the inhibitory activity of cholinesterase and carbohydrate digesting enzymes. The results showed that the dichloromethane fraction (St.DCM) of S. tetragona had a significant ability to scavenge DPPH• radicals. The ethyl acetate fraction (St.EtOAc) had the best reduction power test activity compared to other solvent fractions. The n-hexane fraction (St.Hex) was most effective in the anti-hemolysis test. The ethyl acetate fraction also had inhibitory activities (p < .05) with IC50 values of 70 ± 1.80 µg/ml for α-glycosidase, equivalent to the n-butanol fraction (St.n-BuOH), which had very significant activity (p < .05) in the α-amylase inhibition test with an IC50 of 64 ± 1.80 µg/ml. The ethyl acetate fraction also had a considerable concentration of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids and exhibited significant (p < .05) inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase with an IC50 of 30 ± 0.30 µg/ml. Therefore, the aerial parts of S. tetragona contained high levels of biologically active compounds, making it a potential source for developing new plant-based pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals to enhance human health.


Cracks are found at the surface of silicon thin film anodes during lithiation-delithiation cycles in rechargeable lithium battery. However, whether crack formation occurs during lithiation or delithiation is still controversial. Using both an analytical model and a more complete finite element model, we show that a transition from compressive to tensile stress occurs at the silicon thin film surface during the lithiation process itself. This stress transition arises from the large volume expansion, plastic deformation, and slow charging rate which results in a sharp interface separating the lithiated and unlithiated zones. Our analysis further shows this tensile stress is sufficient to cause cracking of the lithiated thin film surface, suggesting cracks observed experimentally in silicon thin films are first generated during the lithiation step, rather than the delithiation step.


December 2012 corn futures declined by $1.44 (17 percent) from the high on August 10 to the recent low on September 28. That contract has managed a recovery of about $0.40 so far this month. November 2012 soybean futures declined by $2.85 (16 percent) from the high on September 4 to the low on October 3 and have rebounded about $0.45 since then. Prices over the past two months for corn and the past month for soybeans appear to be in the classic " short crop, long tail " pattern where prices peak early in a year of sharply lower production and then decline in the post-harvest period as the smaller supplies get rationed and production rebounds in the following year. A change in the trend of lower prices will require an additional supply shock or evidence that supplies have not been sufficiently rationed. On the supply side for corn, prospects of a bumper crop in China and expectations that production in Argentina will rebound and Brazilian production will remain large in 2013 continue to weigh on U.S. export prospects. Expectations of substantial (75 million bushels or more) imports of corn into the U.S. this year also offset some of the concerns about the shortfall in the U.S. crop. Declining production prospects for the Australian wheat crop and dryness in some U.S. winter wheat areas have not provided much support for corn prices to date. For soybeans, expectations are for a sharp recovery in South American soybean production to record levels in 2013, providing sufficient world supplies in the last half of the 2012-13 marketing year. Declining prospects for the current Canadian canola crop have not resulted in much support for soybean prices. With expectations of very large crops in South America in 2013, some supply shocks are still possible, but there are no immediate threats to those crops. In the short run, the USDA's forecast of the size of the U.S. corn and soybean crops to be released on October 11 will be the most important supply information. There are growing expectations that the forecast of the U.S average soybean yield will be increased, adding as much as 175 million bushels to the forecast of crop size. For corn, expectations about crop size are more mixed, with yield expectations running from


Introduction. Historical perspective on care of the mentally ill. Epidemiology and recognition of neuropsychiatric disorders in mental health settings. Neuropsychiatry in public mental health settings. Dementia in public mental health settings. Neuropsychiatry of substance abuse. A neuropsychiatric approach to aggressive behavior. Neuropsychiatry in the prison. Neuropsychiatry of HIV infection. Neuropsychiatry and persons with developmental disabilities. Neuropsychiatry of late-onset psychosis and depression. Neuropsychiatry and the homeless. Neuropsychiatric and mental health services. Aspects of tardive dyskinesia. Neuropsychiatry of sexual deviations. Index.


The electron spin resonance (ESR) studies on Cu ~+ ion in carboxylic acids always yield unusual results (Bleaney and Bowers 1952; Sakaguchi et a l 1973). F_achus et al (1971) and Mabbs and Small (1970) separately studied Cu e+ doped calcium cadmium acetate hexahydrate and found that Cu e+ enters the lattice in an unusual dodecahedral co-ordination. Naxayana et al (1976) studied the ESR and optical absorption of Cu e+ in single crystals of strontium acetate tetra hydrate and suggested dodecahedral co-ordination. In earboxylie acid cadmium salts, cadmium rarely exists in two different co-ordinations simultaneously. One such salt is cadmium maleate dihydrate (Post and Trotter 1974), in which cadmium atom exists at two sites having oetahedral and dodecahedral co-ordination respectively. Cu e+ ion in cadmium maleate dihydrate would be also interesting because there are as many as four octahedral and four dodecahedral substitutional positions available for Cu ~+ ion in a unit cell. In addition, interstitial sites with oxygen environments would also be available for Cu e+ ion. In order to ascertain the preferential entry of Cu e+ ion, into the different possible sites mentioned above, the ESR study of Cu e+ ion in cadmium maleate dihydrate has been made and is reported here.


Heart disease (HD), stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are the top three causes of global mortality,1 inflicting substantial financial and social burdens.2 These conditions affect more than half of Canadians,3 and mortality trends predict a continued rise into 2030,2 emphasizing the need for efficient provision of care now and in the future. In Canada and around the world, people living with these conditions have limited access to formal rehabilitation.4,5 An integrated approach in which people with different conditions are managed in the same rehab programme is emerging across the rehabilitation literature. Will the future of rehabilitative management of chronic disease remain a mosaic of isolated populations, or will it evolve to become a melting pot of integrated management?


Aqueous ceramic suspensions were prepared from a parent glass powder belonging to the LZSA (LiO2-ZrO2-SiO2-AlO2) glass-ceramic system. The processing conditions were established by the physical and chemical characteristics of the parent glass powder and by the rheological study of the formulated suspensions. Knowing the characteristics of the glass powder, such as the particle size, the solid content was varied on the suspensions. The solid content was varied from 30 to 40 vol.% and the additives added were ammonium polyacrylate as dispersant (PAA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as binder from 1.0 to 3.0% and 0.1-0.5% (based on solid weight in the suspension), respectively. Considering the influence of the additives on the rheological behavior as well as the desired characteristics for ceramic green bodies (high density) the suspensions were processed by slip casting. The results showed that suspensions processed with 40% solids, 2% PAA, 0.3% PVA, provided the best conditions for slip casting of LZSA glass powders.


Geosites are important and/or unique geological or geographical features of significance. Typically they comprise geological, palaeontological, as well as archaeological sites. Geosites should be regarded as deserving to be preserved and protected, either from the elements or from destructive human activities, both for the community and future generations. A good knowledge of geological heritage, and a healthy respect for it, is an important factor in the holistic approach for sustainable development. Very often, these sites bear a multi‐faceted 'story', which may date back from very recent times to billions of years ago. As such, geosites are of great educational and scientific value. In Africa, such sites have not been receiving the attention they deserve. Only a few countries on the continent acknowledge their importance. Within the framework of a Sustainable Management of Mineral Resources Project (SMMRP), geological mapping, geochemical surveys and mineral resources assessment in selected areas of Uganda have been completed under the umbrella of the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), and the Department of Geological Survey and Mines (DGSM, Uganda). Apart from recording 'hard‐tough' geology, 62 geosites were documented in 2010 and 2011. For the first time, such sites have been incorporated in the new geological maps of the country (at a scale of 1: 250 000). It is possible that this is the first time that such places have been shown on geological maps of Africa. Currently, the extreme north‐east of the country is being geologically mapped by DGSM, with the eventuality of more possible geosites being discovered.


The invention discloses a method and a system for constructing a multi-precision non-uniform geological grid curved surface model. According to the method, the multi-precision non-uniform geological grid curved surface can be constructed, different modeling precision requirements of an engineering geological grid curved surface model for different research areas can be met, the geological curved surface grid model modeling method is more in accordance with the practical requirement of engineering geological three-dimensional modeling, and the modeling efficiency and the accuracy of the engineering geological three-dimensional modeling can be improved. The method includes steps: S1, modeling parameter definition, namely defining basic parameters for building the geological grid curved surface model; S2, determining grid nodes, namely calculating grid node plane coordinates of the curved surface model; S3, geological attribute interpolation, namely calculating the geological attribute values of the grid nodes via the interpolation technology; and S4, grid curved surface modeling, namely building a three-dimensional grid curved surface model by employing data obtained in step S3.


Abstract The propagation of Gaussian beams through lenslike media with gain or loss is analysed in order to discuss the transformation of these beams into uniform beams. The results obtained are applied to a lenslike medium with gain increasing along the radial direction.


1 Unilateral intrahypothalamic injection of either dopamine (10 μg) or amphetamine (10 μg) caused a fall in core temperature in the rat. Pimozide (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced the hypothermic response, whereas pretreatment with phentolamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) or methysergide (5 mg/kg, i.p.) was ineffective. 2 Systemic pretreatment with cocaine (20 mg/kg) abolished the hypothermic effect of amphetamine, but slightly enhanced the hypothermic response to dopamine. 3 Systemic pretreatment with tranylcypromine (10 mg/kg) had no significant effect on the fall in core temperature induced by either amphetamine or dopamine. 4 Intraperitoneal injection of cocaine and tranylcypromine, on their own, caused a fall in core temperature in the rat, which was significantly antagonized by either systemic or central pretreatment with pimozide. Phentolamine and methysergide failed to block the hypothermia. 5 Unilateral intrahypothalamic injection of cocaine (20 μg) or tranylcypromine (10 μg) also caused a significant fall in core temperature, which was reduced by intrahypothalamic pretreatment with pimozide (0.5 μg), but not significantly changed by pretreatment with phentolamine (25 μg) or methysergide (5 μg). 6 These results provide evidence for the presence of a dopaminergic system within the preoptic region, which mediates a lowering of core temperature in the rat.


Objective To explore the impact of Iron overload on the growth and development and Sexual development of adolescents patient with β-thalassemia major.Methods 16 cases aged 12 to 18-year-old β-thalassemia major patients who received blood transfusion therapy regularly were enrolled.Height,weight,hemoglobin,serum ferritin were measured,and compared with normal group,And to evaluate their sexual development.Results Thalassemia group of height,weight lower than the normal group.Conclusion Growth and development delay and sexual retardation are common with β-thalassemia major.This may be related to long-term anemia and iron overload related.


Summary form only given. The advantages of dispersion management, which result mainly from the enhanced energy of the propagating pulse are well known. Although much of the theoretical work on dispersion-managed (DM) solitons has concentrated on the lossless model, some work has focused on the role of fiber loss. We investigate numerically, DM soliton propagation in a dispersion map constructed of two equal length sections, where the amplification period (Z/sub a/) equal to the dispersion management period (Z/sub d/). We show that the effective average dispersion (/spl beta/"/sub ave/) can be used to explain why the energy of the DM soliton changes as the amplifier occupies different positions within the dispersion map.


segmentation algorithm for the segmentation of color images is proposed in this paper. The conventional watershed segmentation algorithm is not suitable for color image directly, since it is hard to decide a suitable color gradient measurement for color image. The proposed algorithm uses HSV color space to define color contrast gradient which is multiplied with multiscale morphological gradient of the intensity image. The marker extractions of this composite color gradient image are obtained by a thresholding technique to avoid over segmentaion vivid in conventional watershed algorithm and given as input to the watershed algorithm which uses Hill-Climbing approach to identify and label the neighbourhood pixels in the marker image. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm avoids the over segmentation problem and produce the segmented result which is good for human perception.


A locally compact group with compact boundary is a locally compact topological semigroup in which an open subgroup is dense and has a compact complement. These semigroups were studied in a previous paper whose results and notation are freely used in the present work [2]. The general assumption made in this study in addition to the hypotheses mentioned is the existence of transitive group of homeomorphisms on the space of the semigroup. We restrict ourselves essentially to the connected case although the hypothesis we use actually is that the component of the identity of G be not compact; the question of totally disconnected homogeneous groups with boundary is therefore unsettled. The first main result which we obtain exhibits the fact that in a connected locally compact homogeneous group with boundary the influence of the boundary on the topological structure of S is so strong that, if the boundary B is finite dimensional, all of S is finite dimensional. The method of the proof uses a local fibering of S with cosets of the subsemigroup K as fiber, where K is the set of all elements s such that se = e with the identity e of B, and with neighborhoods of B as bases. A group theoretical lemma which is of some interest in its own right has to be proved to obtain the theorem mentioned: If a locally compact group has a neighborhood of the identity whose homotopy groups relative to the identity vanish for all positive dimensions, then there are arbitrarily small neighborhoods which are topologically the product of an euclidean cell, a (not necessarily finite dimensional) solenoid and a totally disconnected compact subset of G; all small connected subgroups are solenoids. It is obvious what happens, then, if G is in addition locally connected. If the boundary B of G in S is not only finite dimensional but also locally connected, then S is a manifold, i.e. is locally euclidean; hence both G and B are Lie groups. Theorem II gives a full description of the structure of S in this case. It is either a direct product of the full multiplicative semigroup of real numbers with some compact group or else the boundary is contained in an Lsemigroup in the sense of Mostert and Shields whose results we use to dispose


Animal performance (live-weight changes, LWC) of 5 mares, 5 cows, 35 goats and 35 ewes suckling their offspring, managed on natural shrub land with an area (24%) of improved pasture, was compared across the grazing season. Mothers' live weight (LW) was recorded in the beginning and thereafter monthly until the seasons' end. Their offspring were weighed at turn-out and at weaning. Grazing season was divided into four seasons: spring (May to July), summer (July to end of September), autumn (end of September to end of November) and winter (end of November to January). On the overall grazing season, animal species had a significant (P<0.01) effect on LWC (g/day/livestock unit-LU). While cows lost weight (-170 g/day/LU), mares, goats and ewes were able to increase their LW in 63, 76 and 64 g/day/LU, respectively. LWC differed significantly (P<0.001) between animal species in all periods. All four species had positive LWC in the spring (859, 842, 377 and 308 g/day/LU in cows, mares, ewes and goats, respectively) as a result of a higher improved pasture availability (6.8 cm). In the summer and autumn, when the sward height decreased (4.6 and 2.9 cm, respectively) cows, mares and goats lost weight (average of -189, -194 and -72 g/day/LU), especially in the summer, while ewes were able to increase their LW (129 g/day/LU). In the winter, cows and mares increased their weight loss rate (-1,878 and -604 g/day/LU) and ewes showed negative LWC (-290 g/day/LU). Contrastingly, goats were able to increase their LW (64 g/day/LU). Within the offspring, lambs showed the highest LW gains (1,083 g/day/LU), while kids the lowest ones (696 g/day/LU), but not significantly different from those observed in calves and foals. These presented similar LWC from turn-out to weaning (804 and 785 g/day/LU, respectively).


Three bulks of freeze dried recombinant hepatitis B vaccines were prepared by adding 5% saccharose and 1% gelatine as stabilizer.There were no significant differences both in relative potency in vitro and mouse ED 50 between freeze dried vaccine and liquid one.The stability of freeze dried vaccine was superior to that of liquid one,at 4℃ storage and after heating acceleration test.The results provided basis to preparation stable reference in freeze dried form for the vaccine production.


Simple Summary Numerous enteric methane (CH4) mitigation opportunities exist to reduce enteric CH4 and other greenhouse gas emissions per unit of product from ruminants. Research over the past century in genetics, animal health, microbiology, nutrition, and physiology has led to improvements in dairy and beef cattle production. The objectives of this review are to evaluate options that have been demonstrated to mitigate enteric CH4 emissions per unit of products (energy-corrected milk, milk yield, average daily gain, dry matter intake, and gross energy intake) from dairy and beef cattle on a quantitative basis and in a sustained manner, and to integrate approaches in feeding, rumen fermentation profiles, and rumen microbiota changes to emphasize the understanding of these relationships between enteric CH4 emissions and animal productivities. Abstract Enteric methane (CH4) emissions produced by microbial fermentation in the rumen resulting in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) into the atmosphere. The GHG emissions reduction from the livestock industry can be attained by increasing production efficiency and improving feed efficiency, by lowering the emission intensity of production, or by combining the two. In this work, information was compiled from peer-reviewed studies to analyze CH4 emissions calculated per unit of milk production, energy-corrected milk (ECM), average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), and gross energy intake (GEI), and related emissions to rumen fermentation profiles (volatile fatty acids [VFA], hydrogen [H2]) and microflora activities in the rumen of beef and dairy cattle. For dairy cattle, there was a positive correlation (p < 0.001) between CH4 emissions and DMI (R2 = 0.44), milk production (R2 = 0.37; p < 0.001), ECM (R2 = 0.46), GEI (R2 = 0.50), and acetate/propionate (A/P) ratio (R2 = 0.45). For beef cattle, CH4 emissions were positively correlated (p < 0.05–0.001) with DMI (R2 = 0.37) and GEI (R2 = 0.74). Additionally, the ADG (R2 = 0.19; p < 0.01) and A/P ratio (R2 = 0.15; p < 0.05) were significantly associated with CH4 emission in beef steers. This information may lead to cost-effective methods to reduce enteric CH4 production from cattle. We conclude that enteric CH4 emissions per unit of ECM, GEI, and ADG, as well as rumen fermentation profiles, show great potential for estimating enteric CH4 emissions.


The paper surveys the materials of the interinstitutional conference of philosophers, devoted to the Lenin Centenary, which took place on the 18th of April, 1970, in Vilnius Kapsukas State University. The author states the base ideas of the reports, particularly of those that are not printed in this issue of the magazine. The thorough analysis of the proletariat leader's heritage was the principle task of the conference, determining the problems discussed: the structure and functions of the system of the proletariat dictatorship, the principles of aesthetical evolution in the works of V. I. Lenin, the Leninist logical ideas and the development of modern logics, V. I. Lenin's views and theoretical generalizations on the place of Marxism In the history of philosophy, the constructive character of cognition, etc.


In many commercial applications in Chinese society, seals instead of signatures for person identification are widely used, such as money withdrawing lists, checks, receipts, etc. It needs high rate of correctness. However, it can not be effective if the process of safety validation is inspected merely by human eyes. Also, for safe control and management, in addition to the potential human cheating act, there is also a possible error due to human neglect. Based on the constrained energy minimization joint transform correlator (CEMJTC), we have proposed a prototype Chinese seal recognition system, which combines the advantage of light speed and programmability of computer. The CEM filter designed for optical correlator has the desirable property of sharp peak with low sidelobes levels in the output correlation plane. Th major advantages of the system are alignment simplicity, rotation invariant capability, high discrimination capability and suitability for hybrid optical signal processing.


Piezoelectric miniature robots are mobiles robots with a size of a few cm actuated by piezoelectric materials. In this paper, we will study the locomotion principles for piezoelectric miniature robots. They are mostly inspired from the animal locomotion and are classified by their displacement through a fluid medium or on a solid substrate. We will discuss wheeled locomotion, walking locomotion, inchworm locomotion, inertial drive, resonant drive, and Friction drive as locomotion's on a solid substrate. In liquid, locomotion for mobile miniature robots is totally inspired from animal locomotion and is divided into locomotion inside liquid and locomotion at the liquid surface. A brief description of animal locomotion in liquid is given. In air, locomotion for mobile miniature robots is divided into flapping wings, rotary wings, fixed wings and gliding wings. Flapping wings is the only method described in this paper. After definition of each locomotion principle, some piezoelectric miniature robots are taken as examples and an important review is given.


It is disclosed a flame-retardant polyphenylene ether resin composition having high rigidity and high impact strength. In particular, a flame-retardant polyphenylene ether resin composition having high rigidity and high impact strength is disclosed, which improves the breaking strength at ambient stress and impact strength as compared to general materials, while having superior mechanical strength and flame retardancy, tensile strength, flexural strength, flexural modulus, etc., by adding in particular of glass fibers, maleic anhydride-grafted polyphenylene ether, a thermoplastic elastomer, styrene-based, an ethylene terpolymer, and an epoxy resin to a polyphenylene ether resin, and which can thus be used as a material for automobile battery-cell modules, or electrical / electronic components.


The benefits of wind power can solve the issue of growing power consumption with insufficient distribution facilities. Based on an extensive research on more than 20 studies, this study explores the risks associated with off-shore wind energy in Persian Gulf in Iran. This paper tries to identify the risks in related off-shore wind energy project, in order to specify which variables have the most impact on project by qualitative analysis through application of the impact and the possibility of every risk. A survey was conducted in order to determine the relative importance of variables and risks. Certain key components in completion of the project should be taken into account such as technology, research team, expert teams (personnel that have a good knowledge of this industry), and choosing the right spot where the wind farms will be located. The objective of this paper is to present the variables encountered in wind power project and to highlight the risks that must be controlled by the project developers, project team, supply chain actors, manufacturers, and all the stockholders involved in successful completion of a project.


N Y plant breeding programme needs efficient selection A criteria. To evaluate selection criteria in grass breeding and to correlate performance in the differing environments of the breeder's plots and in swards, the response of the grass plant to factors affecting its yield and the components of yield is being studied, Lazenby and Rogers.2 Part of our experimental series has been concerned with the study of the growth of grass in winter.3 It was thought desirable to study the effect on production, under winter conditions, of a range of managements. Interpretation of results collected from the field is made difficult because of the unpredictability of the natural climatic environment. To achieve a standard set of climatic conditions and therefore make it possible to obtain repeatable results, use was made of a refrigerated cabinet in which an attempt was made to approach winter conditions of light and temperature. In the field, winter soil temperatures do not fluctuate so much as those of the air and, therefore, independent control of air and soil temperatures in the cabinet was provided. The cabinet used had internal measurements of 200 x 70 cm. Air stratification was prevented by a continuously running internal fan. A bank of fluorescent tubes with a total capacity of 1200 watts, raisable for access to the cabinet, was suspended over a triple-glazed, counterbalanced lid. During this experiment the plants received a day length of 12 hours, with a light intensity of 480-500 foot-candles (0.044 cal./cm.? min.) (Figure 1). A thermostat controlled air temperature; the night temperature, set at 1" C., overlapped by 1y2 hours each end of the photoperiod whilst the day temperature was allowed to rise to 1 5 C. Within the cold cabinet, a box of expanded polystyrene, 5 cm. in thickness, was constructed, complete with a soil warming cable embedded in sand in the base of the box. Six inches of soil covered the sand and a rod thermostat controlling soil temperature was buried 4 cm. below the soil surface. Provision was made to reduce heat exchange between soil and air by the use of polyzote expanded beads on the soil surface. The thermostat was set to prevent the soil temperature falling below -1" C.; it was not in operation, therefore, in the major period ( 5 months) of the investigation. However, it did function during the last month of the experiment when a test was made to determine whether the cutting treatments had affected the resistance of plants to low temperatures and when the night air temperatures were controlled at -9" C. The 4 cutting treatments used comprised all combinations of 2 frequencies (plants defoliated when their mean tiller length reached 10 cm. or 20 cm.) and 2 severities (tillers cut back to 5 cm. or 2.5 cm.). The performances of 2 selections of Festuca arzlizdinacea, a North Temperate variety, s.170, and a North African ecotype from Algeria, were compared. The 4 cutting treatments, each split for variety, were replicated twice, giving a total of 16 subplots. Seedlings at the 3rd leaf stage were square planted at a spacing of 5 cm., each subplot with 28 plants.


Living systems must obtain from their environment the necessary nutrient materials to promote growth and reproduction. Experiments to determine which of the naturally occurring elements are absorbed by living things are frequently very difficult, especially when a given element may be absorbed in minute quantities. In the past, information regarding those elements and their trace amounts in the comnposition of living tissues was obtained by tedious chemical analysis of organisms. The destruction of the organism for assay purposes introduces complications regarding the host-environment relationship. With the radioactive isotopes currently available it is possible to set up an investigation which will give some indication of the elements concentrated by unaltered living systems. Microorganisms are well suited to this type of investigation. The following will elucidate the method of following the pathway of "tagged" radioactive atoms into living systems. Radioautographic techniques play a major role in this determination. Radioactive atoms can be traced in minute quantities. Their presence can be detected in amounts of a millionth to a hundred-millionth of the amount detectable by other means. It is easy to detect radioactive atoms even when diluted with a billion to ten billion times as much non-radioactive material. Elements absorbed by growing cultures of bacteria and fungi can be determined qualitatively by including the radioactive form of the element in question with the growth medium. After a period of time under optimal growth conditions, the colony growth can be radioautograph assayed for radioactivity. This assay of relative levels of radioactivity will give an indication of the degree of absorption of a specific element. In the past it was thought that the process by which cells accumulate various substances used for the maintenance of life was determined solely by the concentration gradient. Movement of substances along a concentration gradient means movement from places of greater concentration to places of lower concentration. Cell membranes show a selectivity or semi-permeability to environmental substances which seem to be due in part to the specific chemical constitution of the membrane. The total picture of substances entering cells as this exercise will show gives evidence of movement of solutes against a concentration gradient. Cells which accumulate solutes to a concentration many times that of the immediate environment, against a concentration gradient, must be expending energy in this process. This phenomena has been called active transport. This experiment provides ample opportunity to see verification of the results of active transport.


The American pharmaceutical company Upjohn knew almost 20 years ago that its sleeping pill Halcion (triazolam) might not be safe but "deliberately suppressed" the knowledge, a QC claimed in the High Court last week. During the years of secrecy Halcion - now banned in Britain - became the world's best selling sleeping pill, with worldwide sales of £237m ($355.5m) in 1991, said Geoffrey Shaw QC. "In short, they got away with it." Mr Shaw was making a preliminary speech outlining Professor Ian Oswald's defence to a libel claim by Upjohn, its British subsidiary, and its head of European Union affairs, Dr Roy …


The article highlights the stages of public administration formation of regional human development in Ukraine. Features native methods of calculation of regional human development index (RHDI) are analyzed and the results of their application are assessed. In the context of scientific methods it is emphasized on the minimum set of indicators that reflect key opportunities to provide regional processes of human development. The expediency of using the results of RHDI ratings are motivated for substantial improvements in the efficiency and effectiveness of economy state regulation, primarily to prioritize, scope and structure of the financing components of human development in developing mediumand long-term plans and programs for socio-economic development. The author argues that in the public administration formation of regional human development in Ukraine expenditure responsibilities of local authorities in the socio-economic development of the regions is advisable to specify and regulate on the basis of territorial reproductive processes. The indicators of financing of human development in the region (100 thousand of population) will become sum of local budgets for each component of territorial reproduction processes. Assessment of efficiency, economy and the budget mechanism effectiveness of Human Development Programs financing at the national and regional levels is appropriate to be carried out by the technique of the International Centre for Policy Studies (Ukraine), which was developed with the participation of experts of the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA).This technique allows us to estimate the potential economic growth of regions and changes in quality of life there. The author proposed a number of measures that are intended to provide further scientific studies, practical testing and implementation of conceptual and methodological provisions of planned analytical work on financing human development in the regions of Ukraine.


Engine-driven reciprocating air compressors are employed on fuel-powered heavy vehicles to actuate a number of auxiliary systems, like brakes and suspensions. Electrically-driven sliding-vane air compressors turn particularly suited for electric heavy vehicles. Unlike in fuel-powered vehicles, the compressor is not heated up in the case of electric mobility, a situation that may lead to potential issues in extreme cold weathers. This paper investigates experimentally the start-up of a sliding-vane air compressor designed specifically for electric heavy vehicles. The compressors, equipped with instruments, is positioned in a climatic chamber. During the tests, the chamber is set to a desired ambient temperature, 0, -10, -20, - 30 °C or 20 °C taken as reference following ISO 1217, and the compressor is started-up when a steady-state initial condition is achieved. The delivery pressure is controlled at 10 bar(g) and all measurements are recorded until a temperature of 80 °C is reached in the air-lube oil separator. No issues are encountered during the tests, such as sudden damage due to improper lubrication. Moreover, the curves of the measured temperature within the air-lube oil separator show similar trends but higher initial plateaus and lower slopes at lower ambient temperatures resulting into lower oil flow rates, higher energy spent for heating up the system as well as higher warm-up times, from 15 minutes at 20 °C up to 69 minutes at -30 °C.


Background: The administration of perioperative fluids is a controversial issue that can be associated with the development of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) afterWhipple procedure. Objective: To evaluate whether intraoperative fluid management along with Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) protocols affect outcomes following major pancreatic resection. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2012 to January 2017, collecting all patients scheduled for duodenopancreatectomy (DP). Patientswere divided into 2 groups according to the use of ERAS protocols and the use of a fluid therapy algorithm. Results: A total of 67 patients were analyzed, 49.3% of which were females. The most frequent diagnoses were Pancreatic Cancer n:48 (71.6%), followed by intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm n:6 (9%). The majority of patients were in the ERAS group n:46 (68.7%); 80.4% and 95.7% of them did not develop pancreatic fistula or delayed gastric emptying (DGE) respectively, and the incidence for both was 11.94%. Fluid therapy was below 5000mL (P=0.001) with blood loss less 300mL (P=0.001) in the ERAS group. The length of stay was shorter in the ERAS group (7 days, interquartilel range 5–12, P 0.001). No differences in 30 days mortality were found. Conclusion: The implementation of ERAS protocols in DP did show a decrease in intraoperative blood loss, intravenous fluids therapy, need for transfusion, DGE, or total hospital stay. However, intraoperative fluid restriction in DP did not show a reduction in the development of POPF.


Polymer–clay composite material has been prepared by intercalation of polymeric ammonium salt onto the montmorillonite (Na–MMT) followed by grafted polymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate onto amine-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile)–montmorillonite (ATBN–MMT) intercalate. The hydroxyl groups were modified to chloromethyl groups followed by conversion to onium salts, which are suitable as phase transfer catalysis. The catalytic activities of the supported catalysts were investigated in nucleophilic reactions of thiocyanate and cyanate ions with alkyl and aryl halides. The rates of the reactions have been investigated under different factors such as the nature and structure of the support, the amount of catalyst, the solvent, and the temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1121–1129, 2006


We consider a linear chain of quantum harmonic oscillators, in which the number of the individual oscillators is given by an arbitrary number N, and each oscillator is coupled at an arbitrary strength kappa to its nearest neighbors ("intra-coupling"), as well as the two end oscillators of the chain are coupled at an arbitrary strength c_nu to two separate baths at arbitrarily different temperatures, respectively. We derive an exact closed expression for the steady-state heat current flowing from a hot bath through the chain to a cold bath, in the Drude-Ullersma damping model going beyond the Markovian damping. This allows us to explore the behavior of heat current relative to the intra-coupling strength as a control parameter, especially in pursuit of the heat power amplification. Then it turns out that in the weak-coupling regime (kappa, c_nu << 1), the heat current is small, as expected, and almost independent of chain length N, hence violating Fourier's law of heat conduction; this is consistent to the earlier results obtained within the rotating wave approximation for the intra-coupling as well as in the Born-Markov approximation for the chain-bath coupling. Beyond the weak-coupling regime, on the other hand, we typically observe that with increase of the intra-coupling strength the heat current is gradually amplified, and reaches its maximum value at some specific coupling strength kappa_R "resonant" to a given chain-bath coupling strength. Also, the behavior of heat current versus chain length appears typically in such a way that the magnitude of current reaches its maximum with N=1 and then gradually decreases with increase of the chain length, being in fact almost N-independent in the range of N large enough. As a result, Fourier's law proves violated also in this regime.


Epoxy resin / clay nanocomposites prepared by shock wave method. The structure and mechanical properties including hardness, stress, strain and elongation at break were investigated. XRD was used to observe the interlayer spacing of the OMMT and SEM was used to survey the morphology of nanocomposites system. The results indicated that nano-montmorillonite can effectively increase the mechanical property of the material. The nano-montmorillonite was well dispersed in the epoxy matrix. The optimal process condition is that shock time 5min, nano-MMT content of 5%, duty cycle 1:3, shock depth 3cm.


In today's increasingly violent society, principals might want to be informed about how much force is appropriate to use in confrontations with students. A police official and former teacher pro vide an overview of general guidelines.