REFERENCES 1. Alison Brysk, Global Good Samaritans: Human Rights as Foreign Policy (2009) 31. 2. Ibid. 3. Ibid. 4. See generally, Brysk, above n I. 5. There is strong evidence, for example, that Canada's domestic Charter of Rights and Freedoms and its foreign policy on 'Human Rights, Democracy and Good Governance' have formed a virtuous circle and been mutually reinforcing: see, eg, Louise Arbour, 'The Responsibility to Protect and the Duty to Punish: Politics and Justice in a Safer W orld ' (2001) 59 Behind the Headlines I ; Brysk, above n 1,91,226. 6. For example, Australia should consider joining the Human Security Network, a group o f like-minded states such as Canada, Ireland, Costa Rica and Norway, formed to further develop and enact the 'human security agenda', including the 'responsibility to protect' doctrine at 29 October 2009. 7. Brysk, above n 1,6. 8. Ibid 7. 9. See, eg, Brysk, above n 1,224. See also Iris Marion Young, Inclusion and Democracy (2000) and Amartya Sen, Development as Freedom (1999). 10. Brysk, above n 1,7. I n the course of the recent periodic review of Australia by the UN Human Rights Committee, one of the independent experts called on Australia to grasp its opportunity — and fulfil its obligation — to become a 'AAA' human rights state.


One to N MMI splitters suitable for use in optical sensors have been fabricated using electron beam irradiation of germanium doped flame hydrolysis deposited (FHD) silica (a technique that we have previously used for producing waveguides) (Garcia-Blanco et al., 2001). The splitters have been integrated with microfluidic chambers to form a direct-excitation fluorescence sensor chip for use at visible wavelengths.


We consider the current problems arising in the process of first year students professionalization. Based on contemporary educational standards and the basic provisions of the competency-based approach, we substantiate the necessity of special work with first year students at the stage of their entry into the profession in such areas as: understanding personal characteristics, development of skills to use their own resources and reserves; disclosure of the psychological con-text of choice and further development within the profession; prevention of the negative conse-quences of professionalization; the use of recreational tools to maintain psychological and social health; development of a positive life scenario, taking into account professional characteristics. We identify contradictions in accompanying the process of personal and professional adaptation of students in the considered areas. We substantiate the necessity of developing a special technology focused on resolving the identified contradictions.


Each profession seems to possess their own particular disciplinary rules. Nevertheless, in spite of the public or private nature of the institution which is took into account, the subject doesn't out to be impervious to any attempt of systematisation, allowing to make it a coherent whole. In order to account for it, the study aims at identifying the professionnal disciplinary law and then at determining its grounds despite its obvious heterogeneity, similar general rules set up the background and the procedure elements of the professionnal disciplinary law. The federative element can be found in the existence of an organized restraint in each profession and which is based on common disciplinary concepts. More over, guaranties coming along with the repressive processus grant to professionnals genuine rights, representing as many meeting points. In addition to this constituent elements, the rise of the transversal professionnal disciplinary law results from two elements : an inner factor which is connected with the institutionnal nature of discipline and an outr factor which is the responsability of the juridic order of the state when it comes to its relationship with professionnal institutions.


Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) mortality rates in the U.S. have improved dramatically over the past 50 years, with estimated 5‐year survival rates in childhood‐onset SLE (cSLE) increasing from <50% to >95%. However, current mortality risk for hospitalized individuals with SLE across all age groups has not been described. The goal of this study was to assess mortality risk among hospitalized children and adults with SLE, and to compare these rates to age‐ and sex‐specific all‐cause mortality, using a nationwide hospital discharge dataset.


To study the rotational alignment of the tibial implant in 19 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty by surgical navigation system. Material and Methods: Prospective analysis of 19 consecutive patients with knee osteoarthritis. References obtained by the computerized navigation were: 1- the angle between the line from the insertion of the posterior cruciate ligament to the medial tibial tuberosity and the anteroposterior tibial implant line to study the tibial rotation; 2- the angle between the epicondyle line and the cut piece to study the femoral rotation. Results: The media tibial implant rotation was - 0,011o ± 0,533 (r: -0,800/ 1,000). The femoral implant rotation was -3,174o ± 4,733 (r: -12,300 / 7,700). The mean angle of the rotational mismatch of the components was -2,963o ± 4,649 (r: -11,500/ 6,700). There was a good femorotibial mismatch in 63%. Conclusions: The navigation system helps us to put the tibial implant in a good rotation and so a good femorotibial mismatch. Actually we study the combined rotation of the implants to decrease the patelofemoral problems and the polyethylene damage.


The Societe Francaise d'Etudes du Monde Tibetain / SFEMT is pleased to announce its first Doctoral students workshop in Tibetan studies, organized with support from the Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales / INALCO. This event will take place on Friday, 17 May 2013 at INALCO Paris, from 9 AM to 5:30 PM (room 5.28). Eleven doctoral students will be presenting their work. The fields of study range from Tibetan linguistics to archaeology, art history, anthropology, religious...


subjects, 44 early (<3 years from disease onset) diffuse cutaneous (dc) SSc patients and 20 age, gender and ethnicity matched healthy controls were analysed. There were no differences between lcSSc and dcSSc patients in terms of gender or ethnicity, age at disease onset or sample collection. As expected the lcSSc subjects more often had overlap syndromes compared to the dcSSc ones (30% v 11%, p<0.001), and had higher frequency of anti-centromere antibodies (49% v 2%, p<0.001), while anti-RNA polymerase III antibodies were found only in the dcSSc cohort (32% v 0%, p<0.001). The mean SD disease duration at sample collection was significantly longer for the lcSSc cohort (132 83 months) compared to 22 12 for dcSSc cohort. There were no differences between the two subsets in frequency of clinically significant internal organ disease. MMP7 levels varied between 1.1 and 84.5 ng/mL (mean SD 8.8 8.5, median 6.7 ng/mL) while MMP9 levels were measured between 54 and 5405 ng/mL (mean SD 651.9 562, median 548.6 ng/mL). There was no correlation between MMP7 and MMP9 levels. We found no gender or ethnicity differences in the levels of MMP7 and MMP9. Compared to healthy controls SSc patients had altered levels of both MMP7 and MMP9 mean MMP7 level was 10.2 ng/mL for dcSSc, 8.9 ng/mL for lcSSc and 4.6 ng/mL for control groups (p<0.001) while mean MMP9 level was 892 ng/mL for dcSSc, 460.8 ng/ mL for lcSSc and 607.2 ng/mL for controls (p< 0.001). The only significant association with autoantibodies we observed was for antitopoisomerase I antibody (ATA) positive patients who had higher MMP7 levels (mean 14.3 ng/mL) compared to ATA negative subjects (8.23 ng/mL), p1⁄40.049. MMP7 levels were also higher in subjects with clinically significant (cs) PF (13.8 ng/mL) compared to those without (8.13 ng/mL, p1⁄4 0.017) and in subjects who developed renal crisis (16.5 ng/mL) compared to those who did not (8.8 ng/mL, p1⁄40.016). There was no association of MMP7 and MMP9 levels with pulmonary hypertension, cardiac scleroderma or severe digital vasculopathy. We also found no correlation between mRss and MMP7 or MMP9 levels. Conclusions: Both MMP7 and MMP9 levels were higher in dcSSc subjects compared to lcSSc subjects or controls. Higher MMP7 levels were also associated with ATA positivity, development of csPF and SRC. Both MMP7 and MMP9 may have potential as biomarkers in SSc and further study is warranted. Disclosure statement: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.


Estimation of the surface runoff hydrograph requires knowledge of the time pattern of excess rainfall. This is usually estimated by subtracting a loss rate which is assumed to be constant in time. Consideration of the physical processes indicates that the loss rate should decrease as the storm progresses, with recovery during dry periods within the storm. An investigation has been made of methods of determining the time pattern of excess rainfall directly from rainfall and streamflow data, using a solution of the unit hydrograph equations by matrix inversion. Although the method works for unit hydrograph derivation, the more stringent requirements for excess rainfall severely limit the interpretation of results obtained. It appears likely that an indirect method, optimisation using assumed trial loss rate functions will be more successful in the solution of this problem.


This study aims to determine the calculation of the room cost using the Activity Based Costing System at the Ranggonang Hotel. The data source used by the writer in this study is secondary data. In this study the writer used qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques. The results showed that the Ranggonang Sekayu Hotel was not suitable to use the ABC method in calculating the cost of room rent. This is because the cost of room rent using the ABC method is greater which will have an impact on the high room rental rates at the Ranggonang Sekayu Hotel.


By using advanced ultrafiltering technology in the processing technology of the water,we can be saving the water,synthetically use the water,avoid pollution of the environment,depress production cost,increase economic benefit of enterprises in the power plant.It has a wide range technology and social benefit.In this paper by theory and special feature of the ultrafiltering technology,we have designed the control system of ultrafiltering technology,and have realized it.Also we discuss automatic control of the water treatment by Quantum PLC,analyse and resolve several key problem of the control process.


All modern nations face problems of religious toleration and respect. Examining the US constitutional tradition of religious free exercise and non‐establishment, I argue that the core value in this tradition is that of equal respect for conscience, a value that militates against all governmentally‐created hierarchies or 'in‐groups.' I argue that this tradition is on the whole a helpful guide in thinking about such issues more generally. On the 'free exercise' side, I argue for a doctrine of 'accommodation' that gives dispensations from generally applicable laws on grounds of conscience. On the 'non‐establishment' side, I look at issues of public displays, school prayer, and public funding, arguing that the key question is whether the policy in question makes a statement of endorsement or disendorsement, creating preferred and dispreferred classes of citizens. I conclude by examining the major threats to the tradition of equal respect.


* email: email@example.com; Tel.: 0213167900 The mass spectroscopy is an important tool for the identification and characterization of the organic compounds. Therefore, we studied the behaviour of some compounds containing azulene moiety when they are analyzed into a mass spectrometer. First, were considered the azulenic compounds containing functional groups at 1 position [1] and latter were studied azulenic derivatives of some uncharged or charged heterocyclic systems [2]. Finally, the last paper was dedicated to thienylvinylazulenes, compounds that possess a high number of isomers [3]. After we studied the corresponding mono and bis azo derivatives [4], we extended our research focusing on the triazoderivatives containing one or two azulene moieties and some of their N-oxides.


Microstructured surfaces have been widely used in the fields of national defense, optics, microfluidics, and surface engineering due to its excellent performance and functions . In terms of optics, microstructured surface such as prism structures, microlens arrays, and fresnel lens structures play important roles in imaging, focusing, and illumination in many optical systems . In terms of microfluidics, microstructured surfaces are widely used in microfluidic chips or molds used in manufacturing microfluidic chips, mainly by constructing microchannel systems to achieve various complex microfluidic manipulation functions . In addition, the microstructured surface also plays an important role in the preparation of functional surfaces .


The invention relates to a method and system for providing video program music information. A television terminal collects and uploads video program information, the video program information contains video program channel information, a server-side monitors video program music of multiple channels to obtain music information, the server-side determines the video program music of the television terminal according to the video program information, and the music information is provided for the television terminal according to determined video program music of the television terminal. The method and system for providing the video program music information fully uses a network function to carry out real-time monitoring on the video program music of the television terminal, provides relative music information, and is convenient and reliable to use, and the system structure is simple.


High spin band structures of neutron-rich $^{152-158}$Pm isotopes have been obtained from the measurement of prompt $\gamma$-rays of isotopically identified fragments produced in fission of $^{238}$U+$^{9}$Be and detected using the VAMOS++ magnetic spectrometer and EXOGAM segmented Clover array at GANIL and also from the high statistics $\gamma$-$\gamma$-$\gamma$ and $\gamma$-$\gamma$-$\gamma$-$\gamma$ data from the spontaneous fission of $^{252}$Cf using Gammasphere. The excited states in $^{157}$Pm and those above the isomers in even-A Pm isotopes $^{152,154,156,158}$Pm have been identified for the first time. The spectroscopic information on the rotational band structures in odd-A Pm isotopes has been extended considerably to higher spins and the possibility of the presence of reflection asymmetric shapes is explored. The configuration assignments are based on the results of Cranked Relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov calculations. From the systematics of bands in odd-A Pm isotopes and weak population of opposite parity bands, octupole deformed shapes in neutron rich Pm isotopes beyond $N=90$ seem unlikely to be present.


To the Editor.— We read with interest the article entitled, "Refractory Supraventricular Arrhythmias in the Elderly: Treatment with Permanent Demand Pacing and Cardiac Drugs" (215:589-594, 1971). In their synopsis-abstract, Beller et al indicated that "recurrent episodes of bradycardia and asystole have been totally eliminated and supraventricular tachycardia has not recurred as long as the patients have continued their medication." It is absolutely impossible to make a statement of this nature without utilizing dynamic electrocardiography (Holter) as an objective method for evaluating the presence or absence of atrial or ventricular arrhythmias or both. The standard resting ECG only records between 60 and 100 cardiac cycles, whereas a ten-hour dynamic ECG may record as many as 50,000 to 60,000 cardiac cycles. We have performed over 1,700 ten-hour dynamic ECGs and have detected numerous episodes of intermittent pacemaker malfunction which had not been detected by ordinary clinical means since the patients were usually


Although it seems ages ago, it was only in October 1989 that a group of historians, who teach at North American universities, gathered for a conference on postmodern challenges to German History. The symposium was meant to reflect on the changing tempers of the Germans and their (re)appropriations of the German past and on the temperament of those who make German history their living on this side of the Atlantic. What appeared to be a good idea back then, proves to be an even better one after the events of November 1989. German history is being remade and, with it, interpreters as well as their interpretations on both sides of the Atlantic. The call for the conference was a testament to the fact that tremors of this impending earthquake could be felt for some time, although none of the conference participants had any particular foresight into the unfolding events. Already then it seemed that the past had begun to change much faster than historians could remake the written record. History had come unstuck from all sorts of framing devices that historians had devised in order to nail it down.


Due to the demand on trained professionals there are many initiatives and programs pursuing continuing, lifelong renewable energy education. In this paper presented approach is built on providing web based education resources for self-education or on-the-job training from renewable energy. Nine comprehensive online learning modules have been developed, including the learning module on Solar Electricity, which is presented in details. An innovative element in Solar Electricity module is remotely accessible photovoltaic system, which allows execution of set of experiments, from measuring of electrical characteristics of solar cell to the deployment of users' algorithms for optimum power point tracking. Design and realisation of remotely accessible photovoltaic system, possible remote experiments and their integration into the online learning module Solar Electricity are described.


Objective
To investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in the differential diagnosis of glioblastoma and brain metastases.

Methods
Twenty patients with high grade gliomas and 20 cases patients with brain metastases proved by surgery and pathology were collected, and patients were examined with conventional MRI and DCE-MRI preoperatively. The ROIs were manually placed in solid parts of the tumors and their surrounding tissues to calculate Ktrans, Kep and Ve values. The Ktrans, Kep and Ve values differences for the solid part and surrounding tissues of the two brain tumors were compared by two independent samplet test. The correlation between Ktrans of the solid parts of the two brain tumors and Ktrans, Kep and Ve values of their surrounding tissues were studied byPearson correlation analysis.

Results
The Ktrans, Kep and Ve values of glioblastoma were (0.258±0.063) min-1, (0.398±0.082) min-1, 0.632±0.084, the Ktrans, Kep and Ve values of brain metastases were (0.233±0.053) min-1, (0.357±0.042) min-1, 0.672±0.113. There were no significant differences between the glioblastoma and brain metastases for Ktrans, Kep and Ve values(t=-1.354,-1.982, 1.276, allP>0.05). The Ktrans, Kep and Ve values of surrounding tissues of glioblastoma were (0.093±0.032) min-1, (0.411±0.089) min-1, 0.107±0.021, the Ktrans, Kep and Ve values of surrounding tissues of brain metastases were (0.033±0.010) min-1, (0.204±0.045) min-1, 0.069±0.017. The Ktrans, Kep and Ve values of surrounding tissues between glioblastoma and brain metastases had significant difference (t=-7.978,-9.303,-6.203, allP 0.05).

Conclusion
The DCE- MRI can quantitatively display the microvascular permeability and accurately evaluate the damage of blood-brain barrier of glioblastoma and brain metastases, which has an important value in studying biological characteristics and differential diagnosis of the two brain tumors.

Key words:
Magnetic resonance imaging; Glioblastoma; Diagnosis, differential


Abstract Background HIV-1 set-point viral load (SPVL) is predictive of disease progression and shows variability across HIV-1-positive (HIV+) persons. Various factors may influence SPVL including viral features, environmental exposure and host genetics. To identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with SPVL, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on a subset of participants from the Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) study covering a demographically diverse population. Methods. Consenting participants were antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve and SPVL was taken as log10(HIV RNA) at study entry. Genotypic data were generated on a custom content Affymetrix Axiom SNP array covering 770,558 probes. The Ensembl Gene database, assembly GRCh37.p13, was used for annotation. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify population structures, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to detect associations between SNPs and SPVL. SNPs with zero variance or minor allele frequency (MAF) ≤0.05 were removed. Results. Among the 2,544 participants, PCA showed distinct population structures with strong separation between black (n = 578) and nonblack (n = 1,966) participants, Figure 1. ANOVA was performed independently on both subsets. Two SNPs located in the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I region of chromosome six reached genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10–8) in the non-black population: rs4418214 (P = 1.74 × 10-10), and rs57989216 (P = 3.96 × 10–8), Figure 2. Two additional SNPs, rs9264942 (P = 5.99 × 10–8) and rs7356880 (P = 9.69 × 10–8), in the same region approached significance. The minor alleles of all four SNPs were associated with lower SPVL, Figure 3. While no SNPs reached genome-wide significance in the black group, we observed similar trends toward lower SPVL for both rs4418214 and rs57989216. Conclusion. In this study we confirm the association of a previously reported SNP (rs4418214) and identify a novel candidate SNP (rs57989216) associated with lower SPVL in a population of nonblack, ART-naïve HIV+ persons. Current findings suggest that the effects of these SNPs are consistent across race groups, but further studies are required to confirm this. Our results support previous findings that variation in the MHC class I region is a major host determinant of HIV-1 control. Disclosures D. D. Murray, Centre of Excellence for Health, Immunity and Infectious diseases (CHIP), Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark: Employee, Salary. J. M. Molina, Gilead: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee. Merck: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee. ViiV: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee. Teva: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee.


Objective:To observe the presence of dentritic cells(DC)in lung tissues of rat models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and the influence of budesonide and ipratropium bromide on the number of DCs.Methods:Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups(n=15):control group,COPD model group,budesonide treatment group and ipratropium biomide treatment group.The COPD rat models were established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)twice and exposure to tobacco smoke for 4 weeks.Drug inhalation group received inhalation of budesonide(Pulmicort)or ipratropium bromide(Atrovent)since the second week.The rats were sacrificed at the 31th day.Lung slices were observed with H-E staining for pathological changes and the status of DC were determined by immunohistochemical method.Results:The COPD model group,budesonide treatment group,and ipratropium biomide treatment group all had the pathological changes of COPD,and their DC numbers were significantly higher than that in the control group(P0.01).DC number in Pulmicort treatment group was significantly less than that in the COPD model group(P0.01),and there was no significant difference between the Atrovent treatment group and the COPD model group.Conclusion:The pulmonary DCs play an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD.Pulmicort can decrease the number of DCs in rat model of COPD,and ipratropium bromide has no obvious effect on DC number.


In cellular networks, Machine-Type Communication (MTC) has shown the advantages, including better coverage and lower network deployment cost, which makes it become the hotspot in industry area. However, the current cellular network is designed for human-to-human communication (H2H), and less optimal for machine-to-machine, machine-to-human or human-to-machine applications. One of the most urgent issues, which network operators are currently facing, is MTC related signalling congestion and overload. Especially, when a large co-located MTC group almost simultaneously accesses or periodically transmits, masses authentication data may cause a serious congestion in VLR/SGSN node and overload of link between serving network (SN) and home environment (HE). This paper provides a practical group based authentication and key agreement for MTC roaming scenario. In the group, each MTC device not only shares a secret key with home environment, but also a group secret key with home environment and other MTC devices belong to the same group. Then signalling data is reduced between serving network and home environment, by the MTC device using this group key as an authentication key and authenticating locally. Furthermore, a method of group key update is proposed to suit for dynamic MTC group. Finally, the analysis shows that the proposal can remarkably lower the effort of handling large MTC group, and minimize the change of operator's core network(CN).


This invited review looks at OA developments in the US and EU from three perspectives: OA policies, 'gold' OA, and 'green OA'. The OA mandates have become a global trend, but the practical transformation of academic publishing remains uncertain. Some crucial questions remain unanswered such as how to achieve sustainability of openness and how to balance the interests among publishers, libraries, academic communities, and the public.


This paper describes an adaptive noise generator circuit suitable for on-chip simulations of stochastic chemical kinetics. The circuit uses amplified BJT white noise and adaptive low-pass filtering to emulate the power spectrum and autocorrelation of random telegraph signals (RTS) with Poisson-distributed level transitions. A current-mode implementation in the AMS 0.35 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> BiCMOS process shows excellent agreement with theoretical results from the Gillespie stochastic simulation algorithm over a 60 dB range in mean current levels (modeling molecule count numbers). The circuit has an estimated layout area of 0.032 mm2 and typically consumes 400 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{A}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, which are 73% and 50% less, respectively, than prior implementations. Moreover, it does not require any off-chip capacitors. Experimental results from a discrete board-level implementation of the circuit are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.


The current study is conducted in its both theoretical and practical parts to explore the specificity of risk management in Islamic banks compared with the conventional ones in Kuwait. It mainly aims to spot a light on the procedures and strategies implemented in Islamic banks towards financial and banking risks and how to improve the investment tools in a manner to empower their economic positions through financial markets either locally or internationally. In addition, the study is discussing the most important used investment tools in Islamic banks and their roles in limiting the financial risk resources compared with that of conventional banks. Survey methodology was used where a questionnaire had been developed and distributed among a random sample of 47 employees who work at the selected Islamic and conventional banks in Kuwait. Data were processed and analyzed by statistical analysis methods. The study also used a literature review method to highlight and describe the theoretical part. The study concluded several important results such as: the selected Kuwaiti Islamic banks have specific departments of risk management that concern in monitoring banking work, updating strategies to meet challenges of banking risk types. Islamic banks perform stress tests to evaluate and assets risks in high standards of effectiveness and efficiency. The researcher recommended some suggestions by which of the most important one is to concentrate in implementing stress tests in all local Kuwaiti banks either Islamic or conventional regularly within a period of quarteryear to ensure the capability and continuity to manage and control risks that may banks face.


We study the special values at s = 2 and 3 of the spectral zeta function ζQ(s) of the non-commutative harmonic oscillator Q(x, Dx) introduced in A. Parmeggiani and M. Wakayama (Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98 (2001), 26-31; Forum Math. 14 (2002), 539-604). It is shown that the series defining ζQ(s) converges absolutely for Re s > 1 and further the respective values ζQ(2) and ζQ(3) are represented essentially by contour integrals of the solutions, respectively, of a singly confluent Heun ordinary differential equation and of exactly the same but an inhomogeneous equation. As a by-product of these results, we obtain integral representations of the solutions of these equations by rational functions.


In 1952, FUJIE pointed out the presence of vacuoles in the sub-nuclear portion of the gastric surface epithelial cells; these vacuoles showed a quantitative fluctuation following the administration of food. They decreased in number whenever production of secretory granules in the gastric chief cells was observed. They seemed to contain a factor which promotes production of secretory granules in the chief cells, and so were named productin vacuoles by FUJIE. Positive color reactions by imidazol and phenol group recognized in the sub-nuclear portion of the gastric surface epithelial cells, where productin vacuoles are seen, indicate that the vacuoles may contain amino acids or at least amino acid-like substances. In a recent experiment by FUJIE and MABUCHI (1966), gland stomachs of rats were immersed in 33% alcohol so that the surface epithelial cells might be isolated and the productin in the cells might be transfused into the alcohol. Subcutaneous injection of this alcohol had the same effects as productin in cases of unfed rats as regards the production of secretory granules in the chief cells. Analysis of the alcohol by the amino acid analyser showed at least 18 kinds of amino acids, 5 related compounds and ammonia. On the assumption that a factor similar to productin may be contained in these substances, the author attempted to find out which substance promotes the production of secretory granules in the gastric chief cells. Experimentation was carried out on each of these chemicals originating in the gastric mucosa.


We extend a result of Antol\'in and Dreesen to show that certain graph products of groups over infinite graphs preserve finite asymptotic dimension. We also extend their result to Yu's property A. Finally, we prove some elementary permanence properties of Dranishnikov's asymptotic property C and the straight finite decomposition complexity of Dranishnikov and Zarichnyi.


Impairment of left ventricular contractility due to cardiovascular diseases is reflected in left ventricle (LV) motion patterns. An abnormal change of torsion or long axis shortening LV values can help with the diagnosis and follow-up of LV dysfunction. Tagged Magnetic Resonance (TMR) is a widely spread medical imaging modality that allows estimation of the myocardial tissue local deformation. In this work, we introduce a novel variational framework for extracting the left ventricle dynamics from TMR sequences. A bi-dimensional representation space of TMR images given by Gabor filter banks is defined. Tracking of the phases of the Gabor response is combined using a variational framework which regularizes the deformation field just at areas where the Gabor amplitude drops, while restoring the underlying motion otherwise. The clinical applicability of the proposed method is illustrated by extracting normality models of the ventricular torsion from 19 healthy subjects.


* 1. Introduction: new models of globalization * 2. China: globalization and the rise of the state? * 3. South Africa: another BRIC in the wall? * 4. India: the geo-logics of agro-investments * 5. Russia: unalloyed self-interest or reflections in the mirror? * 6. Brazil: globalizing solidarity or legitimizing accumulation? * 7. Conclusion: governance and the evolution of globalization in Africa


During anaphase B, Imp1-mediated transport of the AAA-ATPase Cdc48 protein at the membrane domain surrounding the mitotic spindle midzone promotes spindle midzone dissolution in fission yeast.


ABTRACT The automobiles play an important role in the transport system. With an increase in population and living standard, the transport vehicles as well as car, bike population is increasing day by day. The main pollutants contributed by I.C. engines are CO, NOX, unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and other particulate emissions. Lot of efforts are made to reduce the air pollution from petrol and diesel engines and regulations for emission limits are also imposed in few cities of India. Various emission control technologies exist for IC engines which can afford substantial reductions in all four criteria pollutants listed above. However depending on whether the engine is being run rich, lean, or stoichiometrically and the emission control technology used, the targeted emissions vary as do the levels of control. PM emissions from stationary diesel engines are more of a concern than those for IC engines using other fuels. ceramic coatings applied to the combustion zone surfaces of the piston crown, valve faces, and head have shown the ability to significantly reduce NOx and PM emissions in diesel engines.


and Sports (Elective Discipline)» in higher educational institutions, has an infinite amount of funds that allow them to influence the body of students in a directed manner. Properly selected physical exercises in the structure of the lesson (classes) in physical culture, scientifically based methods, in combination with methodological principles and teaching methods, have the possibility of both selective and versatile influence on the motor, and through it on other functions of the body, mental and personal characteristics of those involved, open up wide opportunities for their application for solving health, educational, educational and applied problems, harmonious development of people of different ages, sex and level of preparedness.


Community detection algorithms attempt to find the best clusters of nodes in an arbitrary complex network. Multi-scale ('multiresolution') community detection extends the problem to identify the best network scale(s) for these clusters. The latter task is generally accomplished by analyzing community stability simultaneously for all clusters in the network. In the current work, we extend this general approach to define local multiresolution methods, which enable the extraction of well-defined local communities even if the global community structure is vaguely defined in an average sense. Toward this end, we propose measures analogous to variation of information and normalized mutual information that are used to quantitatively identify the best resolution(s) at the community level based on correlations between clusters in independently-solved systems. We demonstrate our method on two constructed networks as well as a real network and draw inferences about local community strength. Our approach is independent of the applied community detection algorithm save for the inherent requirement that the method be able to identify communities across different network scales, with appropriate changes to account for how different resolutions are evaluated or defined in a particular community detection method. It should, in principle, easily adapt to alternative community comparison measures.


The comparative approach to planetary aeronomy is becoming increasingly fruitful as new information from various planet atmospheres is assimilated. In particular, Venus, Earth, and Mars thermospheric observations and modeling over the past 30-years provide a useful platform for addressing similar upper atmosphere processes in various planetary settings. Basic features of the structure and dynamics of the Venus, Earth, and Mars thermospheres can be understood by examining the implications of their fundamental planetary parameters. Different features are notably the result of unique forcings on variable timescales that drive the energetics, chemistry, and dynamics of these upper atmospheres. The present maturity of available Venus and Earth planetary databases (and the promise for Mars) as well as numerical modeling capabilities permit us to compare the thermospheres of these 3 planets using well tested and individually validated three-dimensional (3-D) thermospheric general circulation models (TGCMs). Important TGCM simulation products are examined and constrasted in this chapter. In particular, the role of O-CO 2 enchanced 15-μm cooling is investigated in the context of global dynamics and its effect on atomic-O and thermal distributions. It is found that CO 2 cooling is an effective thermostat for control of the Venus dayside temperatures, while Mars and Earth are only moderately affected. By contrast, the role of global dynamics in controlling temperature distributions is most pronounced for Mars and the Venus nightside. Clearly, the geocentric perspective when applied to other planet atmospheres is initially helpful, but must be revised as new planetary data and model simulations combine to challenge our understanding of thermospheric processes in new planetary environments.


Despite much research, the determination of fertiliser requirements for optimum crop yields may be unreliable. This paper reviews critically the general procedures used to identify where crop yield is limited by nutrient supply and to define the likely response to applied fertiliser. Routine soil and plant analyses, often with empirical calibrations, have been used widely to define crop nutrient status but have limited reliability. Procedures for plant analysis which are based on the physiological function of nutrients in plant tissue are attracting increased interest. Descriptions of crop response to applied fertiliser, using various empirical functions, can be useful for determining applications required for optimum yields. The uncertainties involved will be reduced if the mechanisms of control of crop growth by nutrient supply are defined clearly. Mechanistic mathematical models are useful tools for relating plant growth responses to nutrient inputs but they must be accompanied by fundamental studies of the physiological role of nutrients in crop growth.


The 2018 high school program in general and the 10th chemistry program, in particular, have been implemented nationwide. However, teaching and developing students' capacity is still a big challenge for many teachers. This article introduces the development of the ability to gain knowledge and communication through the development and use of the exercises approach of PISA in teaching the basic chemistry of grade 10. The exercises PISA approach is used according to the flipped classroom model. Pedagogical testing has shown that the experimental class has a higher level of competence than the control class and the difference is statistically significant.


In order to meet the increasing accuracy of primary permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PPMLSM) control with the development of industry, the adaptive backstepping control method combined with adaptive RBF neural network observer is adopted in this paper. According to the characteristics of the high-order nonlinear model of the motor, the backstepping method is used to decompose the motor into several control subsystems, and the virtual control rate of each subsystem is calculated by using Lyapunov stability theory, so as to ensure the global stability of the system. The adaptive RBF neural network observer is introduced to compensate the error and overcome the influence of the uncertain factors on the control performance of the system. Finally, the simulation results show that the scheme is feasible and effective. Compared with the traditional backstepping control, the backstepping control system using adaptive RBF observer has better position tracking ability and anti-disturbance ability.


Based on the overview of the structure,principle,researching status and future of broadband passive optical network(BPON),as one of the key technologies of BPON,ranging is analyzed.Serial number(SN) searching method and its message exchanging are specially researched.


DAS (1960) gave a method of construction of confounded balanced asymmetrical factorial designs of the type v × 22 by using BIB designs. In the present paper a method has been given for construction of balanced asymmetrical factorial designs of the type (v–t) × 22 by using truncated balanced incomplete block designs obtainable by omitting t treatments. Likewise, partially balanced asymmetrical factorial designs can also be obtained by omitting any particular treatment alongwith its first or second associate treatments from the v treatments of a PBIB design. We can get a large number of new designs not available in literature through this technique. These designs are well suited for varietal trials with multiple basals.


Jet-cooled indole derivatives were complexed with polar solvent molecules and the emission of the complex peaks was characterized. It was found that solvent binding at a site on the indole associated with π density always induced broad red emission characteristic of 1 L a . Solvent binding in the vicinity of the indole nitrogen generally did not induce 1 L a character emission. Accompanying calculations bear out the fact that solvent π-site interactions are particularly potent in lowering the 1 L a state relative to 1 L b in indoles


Software development on tablet devices is very important. The leading tablet devices on the market are Google's Android tablet and Apple's iPad tablet. We will be comparing both native environment development and cross-platform development through the design and implementation of a tablet application for Autistic children. Autistic children show drastic improvement in school with the assistance of tablet applications. Utilizing both the iPad and Android tablet's features like animations, touch sensors, button interaction and sound output all help to hold the attention of Autistic children.


The invention discloses a special basal fertilizer for peanut. The fertilizer comprises edible fungus residue, lees, fulvic acid, bentonite, microorganisms, ammonium carbonate, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, duck feather, carboxymethyl cellulose, 35% sulfuric acid, lime, zinc sulfate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, gelatin, radix euphorbiae fischerianae water extract, potassium feldspar nanopowder, and holly oil. According to the invention, acid hydrolysis on feather to generate amino acids is performed, and then chelating on secondary and trace elements is performed. Carboxymethyl cellulose increases chelating structure, facilitates effective utilization of secondary and trace elements, and avoids their ineffective release. Addition of inorganic sustained-release component bentonite and soil modifier fulvic acid modifies soil, facilitates effective release of fertilizer and sufficient absorption by crops. Biological pesticide radix euphorbiae fischerianae water extract can effectively reduce soil-borne disease and pest, is safe and harmless, and has no pollution to environment and crops. The fertilizer has the features of reasonable formula, comprehensive and balanced nutrition, good usage effect, obviously improved fertilizer utilization rate, greatly improved peanut yield and quality, and increased peanut economic benefits.


The development of global transgenic crops is rapid in recent years.The planting situation,development status and safety management of transgenic crops in America were reviewed to provide a reference for the development of our transgenic crops.


In southeastern Coastal Plain streams, wood debris can be very abundant and is recruited from extensive forested floodplains. Despite importance of wood debris, there have been few opportunities to examine recruitment and redistribution of wood in an undisturbed setting, particularly in the southeastern Coastal Plain. Following extensive flooding in 1994, measurements of individual downed trees (species, dbh, orientation, distance from base‐flow channel and condition) were made across replicated riparian landforms in a Gulf Coastal Plain 5th‐order stream. Annually, the fate of these trees was determined and newly recruited trees were noted. More than 300 downed trees have been recorded. Recruitment varied across landforms with more constrained reaches having greatest mortality. Total tree mortality varied substantially across years. Generally, tree recruitment was greatest in years with substantial floods (1994 and 1998). For each riparian landform type, tree mortality was correlated with the maximum daily flow during the period preceding annual debris surveys. This relationship was particularly strong for sand ridges (r2 = 0.942) and low terraces (r2 = 0.915), but was significant for floodplains (r2 = 0.413). Greatest rates of debris recruitment per maximum daily flow were observed for sand ridges followed by low terraces. Flood characteristics also influenced debris recruitment. The 1994 flood was caused by a tropical storm and resulted in a rapid rise in streamflow. Much of the debris recruited during this flood was from toppled trees and was oriented parallel to the stream channel. In contrast, the 1998 flood was preceded by a wetter than average winter with more gradually rising flows and there was no relationship between riparian landform and debris characteristics. These results indicate that wood recruitment dynamics in Coastal Plain streams are complex. Wood recruitment rates are controlled by cyclical variations in climate interacting with riparian geomorphology. Infrequent high flows appear critical in the maintenance of the instream debris pool. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Presented here is a small sample of 33 photographs from life of 29 species of Neotropical Papilionidae and Pieridae from Brazil, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela, mostly photographed on Emmel-Holbrook butterfly expeditions within the last 11 years.


This article reviews 7Fe ferredoxins (Fds), [FeS] proteins that contain [3Fe–4S]+/0 and [4Fe–4S]2+/+ clusters. The 7Fe Fds from 19 prokaryotes are described in terms of biological function, and categorized with respect to cysteine ligand motifs, length of amino-acid sequence, and metal ion content. Biochemical, mutagenesis, electrochemical, spectroscopic, and crystallographic data are summarized for well-studied examples of distinct subclasses, including 7Fe Fds from Azotobacter vinelandii, Desulfovibrio africanus, Bacillus schlegelii, and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. 7Fe Fds have been used to study cysteine ligand motifs, the interconversion of [3Fe–4S] and [4Fe–4S] clusters, proton transfer to [3Fe–4S]0 clusters, and the protein control of [FeS] cluster reduction potential.

3D Structure

Keywords:

7Fe ferredoxins;
[3Fe–4S] clusters;
[4Fe–4S] clusters;
cysteine ligand motifs;
electron transfer;
reduction potential


The geologic setting of diamondiferous kimberlite in the Guaniamo region of Venezuela is unique in comparison to other kimberlite regions of the world. Kimberlite has been identified in the form of thin shallow dipping sill like bodies. The geologic orientation of the kimberlite precludes the use of the classical geophysical methods of magnetics, gravity and electromagnetics as diagnostic tools in primary exploration. The seismic reflection method is evaluated through theoretical modeling and field surveying in CMP and VSP mode. The results are discussed in terms of resolution and ease of data acquisition. In theory and in practice it is possible to image coherent thin reflectors consistent with the kimberlite geology in the near surface. Additionally, near vertical contacts between rock units characterized by low acoustic impedance contrast can be changed.


In the Advanced Inorganic Chemistry laboratory students are introduced to different synthetic methods. To become familiar with inert atmosphere synthesis, the students prepare Mo(CO) 6-n (CNR) n complexes. 95 Mo NMR spectroscopy is used to monitor the reactions and to characterize the products. The characterization also includes 14 N NMR, 13 C NMR and infrared spectroscopy. An electrochemistry component can be added as well. The experiment illustrates concepts such as ligand π-acceptor properties, the influence of the ligands on Δ o , and the trans-effect. The students gain NMR experience working with quadrupolar nuclei at low resonance frequencies.


In order to evaluate the association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in Mainland China, we conducted a hospital case-control study. Cases were newly diagnosed patients with NHL between 2009 and 2015 admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. Controls were gender and age matched patients admitted to the same hospital due to acute conditions. A total of 694 cases and controls (1: 1 ratio) were identified. Anti-HCV prevalence was 1.7% in NHL cases and 2.3% in controls (6/347 vs. 8/347, OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.26-2.17). Such prevalence in NHL cases (1.7%; 95% CI 0.6%-3.7%) does not differ from that in the Xi'an population (1.9%) or that in the general Chinese population (1.3%). HCV-RNA positivity was 0.9% in both NHL cases and controls using the available data (OR = 1.00, 95% CI 0.20-4.99). Subgroup analyses by histologic type of NHL or Epstein-Barr virus infection also showed no associations between anti-HCV and NHL. In conclusion, HCV is not associated with NHL risk in Mainland China, suggesting that the role of HCV in the occurrence of NHL is not significant in this population.


THE SUPREME COURT OF APPEAL OWES HER REVOLUTIONARY EXTRACTION A DOUBLE LIMITATION: ON THE ONE HAND, NOT TO JUDGE THE FACTS, ON THE OTHER HAND, NOT TO MAKE "ARRETS DE REGLEMENT". IF IN NINETEENTH CENTURY THE SUPREME COURT OF APPEAL SEEMS TO BE RESPECTFUL FOR THESE PRINCIPLES AND ALLOWS ACC9ORDING A BROAD SOVEREIGN POWER TO THE JUDGES OF FACT, AS TO THE QUALIFICATION OF THE FACTS, SOME JUDGEMENTS SHOW THAT SOMETIMES SHE DIVERGES FROM. WITH TERMINOLOGICAL CONFUSION, with COMPARATIVE REASONING, SHE DISRUPTS THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN FACT AND LAW, DRAWING NEAR TO A THIRD DEGREE JURISDICTION, BUT BECOMING TOO A NEW NORMATIVE POWER. THAT WELL FORESHADOWS CONTEMPORARY JURISPRUDENCE.


Objective: To assess the impact of measuring central venous pressure (CVP) on the prognosis of patients with septic shock. Methods: Septic shock patients with and without CVP measurements were identified in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between CVP measurement and 28-day mortality in patients with septic shock. The results were validated using logistic regression after propensity score matching. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, 1-year mortality, incidence of acute kidney injury within the first 7 days in the intensive care unit (ICU), and length of stay in the ICU. After propensity score matching, logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the correlation between CVP measurements and secondary outcomes in patients with septic shock. Results: A total of 2966 patients were included, including 1219 patients whose CVP was measured within 24h after admission to the ICU. CVP measurement was found to be not correlated with 28-day mortality (odds ratio=0.978, 95% Confidence Interval 0.798-1.200, P=0.835). Analyzing the cohort after propensity score matching, CVP measurement was found to be associated with prolonged ICU stay (4.9 vs. 3.2 days; P<0.001). No statistical differences were found in the primary outcome and other secondary outcomes between those with CVP measurement and those not. Conclusion: CVP measurement is associated with prolonged ICU stay in patients with septic shock but not associated with mortality and incidence of acute kidney injury within 7 days.


Since school‐based interventions are mainly delivered by the school staff, they need to be well‐trained and familiarized with the programme's aims, procedures and tools. Therefore, the institute, research group, governmental or non‐governmental body in charge of the coordination and implementation of the programme needs to devote time and resources to train the school staff before programme's implementation. This is particularly crucial in multi‐centre studies where more than one research teams are involved. Both research teams and school staff need to be trained, using standard protocols and procedures, to ensure that the intervention will be delivered in a standardized manner throughout the intervention centres. The ToyBox‐intervention, a multi‐component, kindergarten‐based, family‐involved intervention, focusing on water consumption, snacking, physical activity and sedentary behaviours in preschool children, was implemented over the academic year 2012–2013 in six European countries. As part of this intervention, three teachers' training sessions were delivered to motivate and train teachers in implementing the intervention. The local researchers were trained centrally before delivering the training sessions for the teachers and followed a common protocol using standardized presentations and procedures. The aim of the current paper is to describe the protocol and methodological issues related to the teachers' training sessions conducted within the ToyBox‐intervention.


The Dutch Shoulder and Elbow Model (DSEM) is a musculoskeletal model of the shoulder that can be used to predict internal shoulder loading (muscle forces, joint reaction forces, etc.). The DSEM uses an inverse optimisation method to predict muscle forces from net joint moments. In this study two new modes are presented that constrain the inverse optimisation with muscle force boundaries based on muscle dynamics (inverse forward dynamical mode) and boundaries based on EMG-recordings (EMG-assisted mode). The new modes were validated with measurements of two standardised movements (abduction and ante exion) from two subjects. A proof of concept has been given that both new modes work. It was concluded that DSEM predictions can be dominated by morphological differences between the subject and the cadaver on which the DSEM is based. Until better scaling routines are developed the IFDO mode is not very useful. When EMG-constraints are added, muscle and GH-joint reaction forces are predicted to be higher. Adding EMG for one muscle can predict cocontraction in other muscles. By adding EMG-based constraints, the DSEM can account for individual strategies in control strategy for the data that was analysed and is therefore an interesting topic for future research.


Lithium has a "normalizing" effect in certain psychotic states, as shown by alterations of the electroencephalogram, especially in the manic-depressive psychosis. Further studies of this type may lead to further understanding of the pathogenesis of mental illness.


Traditional 3D point cloud classification tasks focus on training a classifier in the closed-set scenario, where training and test data have the same label set and the same data distribution. In this work, we focus on a more challenging and realistic scenario in 3D point cloud classification task: universal domain adaptation (UniDA), where 1) data distributions for training and test data are different; and 2) for given label sets of training data and test data, they may have the shared classes and keep the private classes respectively, introducing an extra label set discrepancy. To solve UniDA problem, researchers have designed many methods based on 2D image datasets. However, due to the difficulty in capturing discriminative local geometric structures brought by the unordered and irregular 3D point cloud data, we cannot directly deploy the existing methods based on 2D image datasets to the 3D scenarios. To address UniDA in 3D scenarios, we develop a 3D universal domain adaptation framework, which consists of three modules: Self-Constructed Geometric (SCG) module, Local-to-Global Hypersphere Reasoning (LGHR) module and Self-Supervised Boundary Adaptation (SBA) module. SCG and LGHR generate the discriminative representation, which is used to acquire domain-invariant knowledge for training and test data. SBA is designed to automatically recognize whether a given label is from the shared label set or private label set, and adapts training and test data from the shared label set. To our best knowledge, this work is the first exploration of UniDA for 3D scenarios. Extensive experiments on public 3D point cloud datasets verify that the proposed method outperforms the existing UniDA methods.


Thank you for reading hospital strategies for contracting with managed care plans. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their favorite readings like this hospital strategies for contracting with managed care plans, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious bugs inside their desktop computer.


The interaction between bovine serum albumin(BSA) and new sinapine was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy.It was shown that the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA was strongly quenched by new sinapine,accompanied by a significant red shift,which could be explained by static quenching mechanism.The binding constants of new sinapine to BSA and the number of binding sites at different temperatures were determined using a modified Stern-Volmer equation.The thermodynamic parameters,which were derived from the spectroscopic data,clearly indicated that the main binding force between BSA and new sinapine were hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals force.The distance and FRET efficiency between BSA and new sinapine were calculated according to Frster resonance energy transfer theory.


Objective
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine (Dex) as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in scalp block.

Methods
Fifty patients, including 24 men and 26 women, American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) grade Ⅰ to Ⅲ, who were scheduled for elective craniotomy in Union Hospital from March to December 2018 were enrolled in the current study. They were randomly divided into two groups (n=25): group C and group Dex. They underwent bilateral scalp nerve block before general anesthesia induction, where 1 ml normal saline in 0.4% ropivacaine was used for group C, and 1 μg/kg Dex diluted into 1 ml normal saline in 0.4% ropivacaine was used for group Dex. Then, both groups were compared for Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores and Ramsay sedation scores 1, 2, 6, 12, 18 h and 24 h after craniotomy. Meanwhile, the duration of sensory block, the need for rescue analgesia, analgesic satisfaction scores and postoperative complications were recorded with 24 h after craniotomy.

Results
Compared with group C, remarkable decreased VAS scores were found in group Dex 6, 12, 18 h and 24 h after surgery (P 0.05). Group Dex presented markedly extended duration of sensory block and reduced need for rescue analgesia within 24 h after surgery (P 0.05). No significant difference was found in the incidence of peri-operative adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusions
The use of 1 μg/kg Dex as an adjuvant to ropivacaine for scalp block can effectively reduce VAS scores in patients after craniotomy, which provides better management of postoperative analgesia.

Key words:
Dexmedetomidine; Adjuvant; Scalp block; Postoperative analgesia


PT. Ega Nusantara is one of the medium voltage panel maker companies in Indonesia. Where the majority of products are used by PT. PLN throughout Indonesia. PT. Ega Nusantara seeks to improve its competitiveness by adding new products outside the panel, namely current transformers, voltage transformers, bushings, capacitive deviders, insulators and load break switches. The whole component is a panel supporting component made from epoxy resin. To expand, a study of marketing strategies is needed using SWOT analysis and identifies the company's internal and external environmental factors that influence marketing strategies. Indonesia's current economic growth requires the support of reliable energy supplies including electricity. Electricity needs will increase in line with economic development and population growth. Based on the RUPTL (Electricity Supply Business Plan) PT. PLN, Indonesia have't get the electricity of all regions could become potential investment in the electricity sector. The electrification ratio up to 2016 was 91.16%. When compared to Singapore it's already 100%, Brunei Darussalam 99.7%, Malaysia 99.0%, Thailand 99.3%, and Vietnam 98.0%. In addition to the condition of the electrification ratio that has not reached 100%, the condition of the electricity supply in the national electricity system also reflects the imbalance between supply and demand, with these conditions, of course, there are still opportunities for investors to participate in electricity supply businesses.


Thermal analysis is a family of techniques used to characterize the bulk properties of materials as a function of temperature. For example thermogravimetric analysis would be used to monitor the weight of a sample as a function of temperature (and time) under a controlled sample atmosphere. The reason for considering thermal analysis as a family is that most laboratories use two or more of the techniques programmed from the same computer. Since temperature accuracy is normally important the sample sizes tend to be small, on the order of one milligram to a few hundred milligrams, depending on the technique and sample type. With larger sample sizes it is more difficult to precisely control the sample temperature because of thermal lags or reactive self-heating within the sample. Because of this requirement of small samples, high sensitivity is an important criterion in thermal analysis instrumentation. The analysis of barium yttrium copper oxide is one of the most demanding applications because it requires exceptional sensitivity over a wide temperature range.


1. Let U denote an n-dimensional vector space over a field F and let Gnr denote the set of non-zero decomposable r-vectors of the Grassmann product space Λ r U. Let T be a linear transformation of Λ r U into itself which maps Gnr into itself. If F is algebraically closed, or if T is non-singular, then the structure of T is known. In this paper we show that if T is singular, then the image of Λ r U has a very special form with dimension equal to the larger of the integers r + 1 and n – r + 1. We give an example to show that this can occur.


The research of nano-drug-loaded carrier has made fast progress as potential drug delivery systems. From the point of pharmacokinetic, this paper reviews the present state of the absorpation, distribution and invertion of nano-drugs.


A new method is proposed in which three images of the same field of view under different lighting conditions were analysed comprehensively. On the basis of pretreatment of debris digital image and extraction of characteristic parameter of debrises, the debrises were recognized by establishing the BP neural network model. The results showed that the recognition accuracy of debrises could reach 85.6% with this method.


This document is a guide that shows there is an opportunity in the manufacture of
children's clothing in Ecuador through a business plan structure which analyzes the macro
environment, trends in clothing consumption in infants, sector forces are contrary to
profitability in this industry in order to find a generic strategy that is compatible with these
and locate on a map a position that fits this definition.
To implement this strategy it's defined a commercial plan which details what
products will be sold, the prices at which they will be sell to the consumer, distribution
channels and the documents which will be implemented through marketing campaigns for
promotion and advertising of the products.
Then it's defined the plant operating processes where detailed workflow of
production, quality control and optimal inventory levels that match the proposed strategy.
Finally, there's a study with the projection of the financial statements for the next
five years to show that there is an opportunity for return on investment that exceeds the
opportunity cost of capital.


The prohibitive cost of performing Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) tasks with a very large number of input parameters can be addressed, if the response exhibits some special structure that can be discovered and exploited. Several physical responses exhibit a special structure known as an active subspace (AS), a linear manifold of the stochastic space characterized by maximal response variation. The idea is that one should first identify this low dimensional manifold, project the high-dimensional input onto it, and then link the projection to the output. In this work, we develop a probabilistic version of AS which is gradient-free and robust to observational noise. Our approach relies on a novel Gaussian process regression with built-in dimensionality reduction with the AS represented as an orthogonal projection matrix that serves as yet another covariance function hyper-parameter to be estimated from the data. To train the model, we design a two-step maximum likelihood optimization procedure that ensures the orthogonality of the projection matrix by exploiting recent results on the Stiefel manifold. The additional benefit of our probabilistic formulation is that it allows us to select the dimensionality of the AS via the Bayesian information criterion. We validate our approach by showing that it can discover the right AS in synthetic examples without gradient information using both noiseless and noisy observations. We demonstrate that our method is able to discover the same AS as the classical approach in a challenging one-hundred-dimensional problem involving an elliptic stochastic partial differential equation with random conductivity. Finally, we use our approach to study the effect of geometric and material uncertainties in the propagation of solitary waves in a one-dimensional granular system.


It is open to discussion that the duty tort liability is defined as a kind of civil liability in the 121st Article of the General Rule of the Civil Law.The duty tort liability of the state organs and personnel and the civil liability are different in essence.Opposite to the private nature of civil law liability,the state compensation is a kind of public law liability.The two things are different both in theory and in the procedure operation.Besides these,the legal liability of the improper plant construction and management should also belong to the state compensation liability in essence.


Objective:To investigate the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods:Subjects were divided into three groups:control group(normal glucose),IGR group(IGT and/or IFG)and T2DM group.General clinical characteristics,morning cortisol concentrations(saliva and plasma)and MSCR(morning salivary cortisol rise)of the three groups were compared.Results:1)MSCR in the T2DM group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P0.05);2)there were significant differences in plasma cortisol at 8 am.among the three groups(P0.01),with the highest level in the IGR and the next in the T2DM;3)stepwise regression analysis indicated age and HOMA-IR had significant associations with MSCR.Conclusion:MSCR is lower and plasma cortisol at 8 am is higher in T2DM patients than that in the normal group,which suggests T2DM patients have altered regulation of the HPA axis.


With the popularization of the internet of things (IoT), its security has become increasingly prominent. Radio-frequency fingerprinting (RFF) is used as a physical-layer security method to provide security in wireless networks. However, the problems of poor performance in a highly noisy environment and less consideration of calculation resources are urgent to be resolved in a practical RFF application domain. The authors propose a new RFF identification method based on metric learning. They used power spectrum density (PSD) to extract the RFF from the nonlinearity of the RF front end. Then they adopted the large margin nearest neighbor (LMNN) classification algorithm to identify eight software-defined radio (SDR) devices. Different from existing RFF identification algorithms, the proposed LMNN method is more general and can learn the optimal metric from the wireless communication environment. Furthermore, they propose a new training and test strategy based on mixed SNR, which significantly improves the performance of conventional low-complexity RFF identification methods. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve 99.8% identification accuracy with 30dB SNR and 96.83% with 10dB SNR. In conclusion, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method in recognition efficiency and computational complexity.


With the increasing of human mean life span,the prevalence of primary osteoporosis is also raised.The knowledge about the prevention and the therapy of primary osteoporosis should be well grasped for our endocrinologists.


Objective: To discuss the methods of endoscopy operation for ventrical tumor.Methods: 16 patients were operated with independent or assisted endoscopy.Results: 10 cases were total removed,6 cases subtotal removed.After operation eight patients had a high fever,all patients were survived.Conclusion: With neuroendoscopy we can remove ventricle tumors satisfactorily,and have a good effect,operation fields of vision is in focus


A 30-months improvement and expansion project of Cheng-Du North Station will be implemented after the spring festival of 2011. During this period, its passenger transportation will be accomplished by South station and East station of Chengdu, while the newly-built East station will undertake the main passenger volume. The prediction of the daily dispatch passenger volume of East Station in the years of 2011–2013 is based on this condition and using the methods of secondary exponential smoothing. Besides, according to the planner graph of the East Station and the analysis of the characteristics of the traffic and passenger flow, some methods of transportation organization to mitigate the pressure of the traffic condition brought by the increased shifting flow is suggested in the following paper.


Pretreatment of cotton with the polyamide-epichlorohydrin resin Hercosett 125 produces a fibre that may be dyed with selected reactive dyes under neutral pH conditions in the absence of salt and with high fixation efficiency. The physical and mechanical properties of the modified cotton, the colour fastness of the reactive dyeings and mechanistic implications are also discussed.


Potato plants were grown in soil in pots with various additions of K2SO4. Before and after the tubers formed, plants were taken and detopped just above the soil. The xylem sap exuded from the stump was collected; the stems and petioles were macerated under distilled water and the diluted "whole stem sap" (representative of all stem cells) retained. The soil was extracted with distilled water.

The K2SO4 increased the Ca and Mg concentrations in the soil extract, but consistently decreased the Ca concentration in the exuded xylem sap. Before the tubers formed, the Mg concentration in the exuded sap decreased with the smaller K additions but increased again with the larger; after the tubers formed, K had little effect on it. Giving K2SO4 sharply decreased the concentrations of both Ca and Mg in the "whole stem sap".

Explanations for these observations are offered in terms of the possible influence of K nutrition on the potential difference between the xylem sap and the soil solution and on the phloem translocation of Mg into the roots from the tops.


Rhymes are beautiful instruments which play crucial aesthetic roles in Persian poetry. This study aimed to investigate the different forms of translation of rhymes in Hafiz"s poetry, as one of the greatest Iranian collection of poems, based on Lefevere"s model. Lefevere is a renowned theorist in translation studies and comparative literature. The 1st, 79th, and 147th ghazals of Hafiz"s Divan were selected to be studied. The ghazals were translated by Alexander Rogers, Gertrude Lodeinbell, Maryam Foradi, and Alexander von Humboldt-Lehrstuhl. Each translation was carefully analyzed by the researchers as how the rhymes were translated into English. The data were tabulated and coded. According to the results obtained in this research, 656 of Maryam Foradi"s translation was in the form of free translation, while all of Alexander Rogers"s and Alexander von Humboldt-Lehrstuhl"s translations were combinations of literal and phonemic translations. One main reason for such discrepancy might be the degree of familiarity of the translators with the target language culture. The study can be beneficial to poetry translators and translation students in giving them insights on how rhymes can be rendered into another language.


After the copious use of the concept of rights since World War II, a perhaps inevitable reaction has set in. Echoing the criticisms voiced by Bentham, Burke, and Marx, contemporary philosophers, legal theorists, and publicists have been denying the value and even the significance of appeals to rights. Central to these negative views have been two interrelated kinds of objections, the conceptual and the moral, each of which argues that rights-talk can be dispensed with in moral, legal, and political discourse. The conceptual objections hold that the concept of rights is logically redundant or epistemologically ungrounded or both, so that it can be eliminated, with no loss of meaning or cogency, in favour of other, more basic concepts. The moral objections contend that even if the concept of rights has a distinct meaning, the concept in its various uses not only fails to account for some very important moral values but is also a source of moral disvalue. In this paper I examine the merits of these objections. The rights that are primarily at issue here are claim-rights, i.e. rights that entail correlative duties to assist or forbear with a view to supporting the right-holders' having the objects of their rights. At some points the objections are concerned more specifically with moral rights as against legal ones, and at other points with human rights as a sub-class of moral rights. For the most part the context will indicate which of these kinds of claim-rights is in question; where it does not, I shall provide the needed specification.


This microsite will provide general information on energy resources and their environmental effects; how electricity is delivered and used; and related tools and EPA program links.


Mindful awareness involves intentionally attending to the present moment without judgment. In the past 30 years, it has been demonstrated that teaching people to be mindful yields positive effects and reduces the symptoms of a variety of physical and psychological disorders (Brown, Ryan, & Creswell, 2007; Kabat-Zinn, 1982). While mindfulness is an ancient practice, it has only been empirically researched for the past 30 years. In this time, much has been learned about the beneficial effects of mindfulness. However, many questions remain regarding the mechanism by which mindfulness brings about its beneficial effects and how the trait of mindfulness relates to other psychological traits. Self-report measures such as the Mindful-Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS; Brown & Ryan, 2003) have made it possible to measure trait mindfulness and to compare it to other psychological traits. One trait of particular interest is self-esteem. Brown and Ryan (2003) demonstrated that trait mindfulness is positively correlated with self-esteem and have hypothesized that mindfulness leads to secure, non-contingent self-esteem. Another study has demonstrated that teaching mindfulness to counseling students leads to an increase in both trait mindfulness and satisfaction with life (Collard, Avny, & Boniwell, 2008). In this dissertation, statistical techniques were used to gain a better understanding of the relationship between trait mindfulness, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life. It was hypothesized that self-esteem would mediate the relationship between mindfulness and satisfaction with life. In this dissertation a structural equation model ( James, Muliak, & Brett, 2006) was used to test the hypothesis that self-esteem mediates the relationship between mindfulness and satisfaction with life among a sample of 365 college students. The results of the analysis supported the mediation hypothesis. Further, this research supports the theory that some of the beneficial effects of mindfulness may be related to the relationship between mindfulness and selfesteem. Implications of the results of this dissertation and recommendations for further research are discussed. Degree Type Dissertation Rights Terms of use for work posted in CommonKnowledge. Comments Library Use: LIH This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: http://commons.pacificu.edu/spp/241 Copyright and terms of use If you have downloaded this document directly from the web or from CommonKnowledge, see the "Rights" section on the previous page for the terms of use. If you have received this document through an interlibrary loan/document delivery service, the following terms of use apply: Copyright in this work is held by the author(s). You may download or print any portion of this document for personal use only, or for any use that is allowed by fair use (Title 17, §107 U.S.C.). Except for personal or fair use, you or your borrowing library may not reproduce, remix, republish, post, transmit, or distribute this document, or any portion thereof, without the permission of the copyright owner. [Note: If this document is licensed under a Creative Commons license (see "Rights" on the previous page) which allows broader usage rights, your use is governed by the terms of that license.] Inquiries regarding further use of these materials should be addressed to: CommonKnowledge Rights, Pacific University Library, 2043 College Way, Forest Grove, OR 97116, (503) 352-7209. Email inquiries may be directed to:. email@example.com This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: http://commons.pacificu.edu/spp/241 SELF-ESTEEM AS A MEDIATOR OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MINDFULNESS AND SATISFACTION WITH LIFE A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF SCHOOL OF PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY PACIFIC UNIVERSITY HILLSBORO, OREGON BY Daniel R. Zamir, M.S. IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PSYCHOLOGY APPROVED BY THE COMMITTEE: Michael Christopher, Ph.D., Dissertation Chair Paul Michael, Ph.D., Dissertation Reader


The effect of parameters on the consequence of the flash fire accident by the release of heavy gas(in this study, xylene vapor) was analyzed. Simulation results showed that the distance with the lower flammable limit() was increased with the increase of the release hole diameter. For the case of the elevated release, was increased with the increase of the wind speed and the release height, but was not affected by the wind speed for the release on the ground level. Therefore, the accident in the elevated release was more dangerous than the release on the ground level. In this condition, the release height had more effect on at the night time than the daytime and in the urban area than the rural area.


Ultrathin g-C3N4 (g-CN) nanosheets are prepared by a two-step thermal exfoliation process in an air atmosphere. X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) shows that ultrathin g-CN nanosheets have the same crystal structure as that of the bulk g-CN with a slight shift in the peak positions due to the reduction of sheet thickness. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images show that the bulk g-CN is converted into ultrathin g-CN nanosheets due to thermal oxidation in an atmosphere, which increases the number of reactive active sites for water splitting. Due to a reduction in sheet thickness of g-CN, quantum confinement happened and thereby increase the bandgap from 2.88 (bulk g-CN) eV to 3.10 eV (ultrathin g-CN). Steady-state photoluminescence (PL) shows a blue shift, and time-resolve photoluminescence (TRPL) shows that the average lifetime of photogenerated charge carrier increases when bulk g-CN is converted into ultrathin g-CN nanosheets. Enhancement in photoelectrochemical performance is observed in ultrathin gCN nanosheets compared to bulk g-CN due to the increased average lifetime of photogenerated charge carriers and a large number of reactive active sites.


This paper proposes a brush-type tire model with a new mathematical representation. The presented model can be seen as a generic model that describes the distributed viscoelastic force and Coulomb-like friction force, which are balancing each other at each point, in the contact patch. The model is described as a partial differential algebraic inclusion (PDAI), which involves the set-valuedness to represent the static friction. A numerical integration algorithm for this PDAI is derived through the implicit Euler discretization along both space and time. Some numerical comparisons with Magic Formula and a LuGre-based tire model are presented. The results show that, with appropriate choice of parameters, the proposed model is capable of producing steady-state characteristics similar to those of Magic Formula. It is also shown that the proposed model realizes a proper static friction state, which is not realized with a LuGre-based tire model.


AbstractThis chapter discussed the physiology and anatomy of small exotic mammals that is not a dog or cat. This group includes the small animals that are among the most popular children's pets: rats, mice, gerbils, hamsters, guineapigs, chinchillas, rabbits and chipmunks.


The invention relates to a landing system for aircraft, particularly for helicopters. The device of the invention is passive and is essentially characterized in that its elasticity and damping in roll are independent of its elasticity and its damping for vertical movements. The device of the invention allows, thanks to this independence, at best weaken the shock when landing and instability resonance soil


Through analyzing the influence for washing process of rock-salt cavern with coupled mechanical-dissolving effect,mechanism of washing process of rock-salt cavern under coupled mechanical-dissolving effect has been studied.The research results show that during the washing process,influence for rock-salt cavern shape by coupled mechanical-dissolving effect can not be ignored.The mechanism of washing process of rock-salt cavern under coupled mechanical-dissolving effect is that because of dissolving effect the mechanical properties of wall rock of rock-salt cavern within the scope of influence by water has been changed;and then because of the variation for the mechanical properties of the boundary of wall rock,the dissolving process in the interior of rock-salt cavern has been changed;so that the variation for the shape of rock-salt cavern has occurred.According to the mechanism of washing process of rock-salt cavern under coupled mechanical-dissolving effect,the computing method of washing process of rock-salt cavern under coupled mechanical-dissolving effect has been built.Based on the established computing method,by computing program of rock-salt cavern shape under coupled mechanical-dissolving effect and FLAC software the washing process of rock-salt cavern has been computed.the computing results show that compared with the computing shape of rock-salt cavern under dissolving effect,the computing shape of rock-salt cavern under mechanical-dissolving effect more coincided with the actual shape of rock-salt cavern.The results can provide a foundation for further analysis of the mechanism of washing process of rock-salt cavern.


We report the first molecular dynamics simulation of an amide in water in which the solute is fully described through quantum mechanics methods (density functional theory in our case). All solute's degrees of freedom are allowed to vary. The solvent is described through a classical potential. We have chosen for our study the simple formamide molecule since it allows hybrid simulations to be carried out at a sophisticated quantum level. More precisely, we have considered two computational schemes: in the first one, we use a small double-ζ basis set and a local approximation of the exchange-correlation functional whereas, in the second, an extended triple-ζ+polarization basis set, as well as a gradient-corrected functional, has been employed. The analysis of the results is focused on both structural and energetic aspects. Particular attention is paid to the time variation of dihedral angles in formamide connected to nitrogen pyramidalization and NH2 subunit rotation. The agreement with available experimenta...


Immunologists continue to unveil a startling diversity in the antigenic repertoire of T cells, which now rivals that of B cells. In his Perspective,
 De Libero
 discusses new work (
 Zhou
 et al.,
 Moody
 et al.) that adds lipopeptide antigens to the list of T cell immunogens and reveals how lipid antigens are handled in antigen-presenting cells and then presented to T cells.


The subject of our paper is the sword found at Osieczna, distr. Leszno, in Great Poland. It was accidentally found in a lake, and the circumstances of its discovery do not provide any exact data about this specimen. The sword is actually kept in the Museum at Leszno.


The path of higher quality humanities courses docking the culture,can achieve high quality of voca-tional humanities.Students will have the spirit of the industry character.The vocational students who accept the culture will have better career development.


In the experiment,72 healthy new American-line original breeding pigs with bodyweigt of (64 ± 1) kg and basically similar day age were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups,including 3 experiment groups and 1 control group. The pigs in control group were fed with basic diet and that in the 3 experiment groups were fed with basic diet + 0.01 % salvia tablets,basic diet + 0.03 % chrysin and basic diet + 0.06 % tea eliminating dampness resp.,the experiment period was 30 d. The experiment results showed that compared with control group,the daily gains of the 3 experiment groups were enhanced by 5.76 %、9.52 % and 48.84 % resp.,their feed-weight ratios were enhanced by 0.37 %、3.73 % and 9.33 % resp. and the levels of IgG,IgA and IgM in serum of finishing pigs were enhanced. So,the auto immunity of new American-line original breeding pigs was enhanced.


In this paper two dimensional wave propagation is used for power combining in drain nodes of a distributed amplifier (DA). The proposed two dimensional DA uses an electrical funnel to add the currents of drain nodes. The proposed structure is modified due to gate lines considerations. Total gain improvement is achieved by engineering the characteristic impedance of gate lines and also make appropriate variation in the output of gain cells. All variations are done with respect to input and output reflection loss considerations. Analytical expression for the gain of the proposed DA is presented and design considerations for electrical funnel are discussed. Based on two dimensional power combining a wide band DA is simulated using TSMC 0.18 CMOS model in ADS which consumes 49.42 mw from 1.2V power supply. Good agreement between the proposed DA gain and calculated value is achieved. Although one stage DA is used, the final results yield a high figure of merit (FOM) in 0.18 CMOS technology. The final design shows 11.1 dB gain from near DC to 23.6 GHz, noise figure between 3 to 5.2dB and maximum output power of 7.1dBm at 1-dB output compression point (OP1dB). doi: 10.5829/ije.2017.30.06c.02


INTRODUCTION ............................................... 473 TAXONOMY AND LIFE CYCLE ................................................ 473 SOCIAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BEHAVIORS ............................................... 475 Two Multigene Systems Govern Gliding-Cell Behavior ............................................... 476 Adventurous motility ............................................... 478 Social motility ................................................ 478 Other loci controlling gliding-cell behavior ............................................... 480 Cooperative Growth ............................................... 480 Rippling, a Periodic Behavior ............................................... 481 Fruiting-Body Morphogenesis ............................................... 482 M. xanthus ............................................... 483 S. aurantiaca ............................................... 485 Sporulation ............................................... 485 Cell-cell interactions during sporulation ............................................... 487 Involvement of the phase variation............................................... 489 NUTRITIONAL CONTROL OF DEVELOPMENT ............................................... 489 ORGANIZATION OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL PATHWAY ............................................... 489 ANALYSIS OF THE GENOME............................................... 490 Multicopy Single-Stranded DNA................................................ 491 Genome Size ............................................... 491 Cell Cycle............................................... 494 EVOLUTIONARY CONSIDERATIONS ................................................ 494 CONCLUSIONS ............................................... 494 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................... 494 LITERATURE CITED............................................... 494


This research article analyses and demonstrates the hidden implications for fairness of seemingly neutral data coupled with powerful technology, such as machine learning (ML), using Open Banking as an example. Open Banking has ignited a revolution in financial services, opening new opportunities for customer acquisition, management, retention, and risk assessment. However, the granularity of transaction data holds potential for harm where unnoticed proxies for sensitive and prohibited characteristics may lead to indirect discrimination. Against this backdrop, we investigate the dimensions of financial vulnerability (FV), a global concern resulting from COVID-19 and rising inflation. Specifically, we look to understand the behavioral elements leading up to FV and its impact on at-risk, disadvantaged groups through the lens of fair interpretation. Using a unique dataset from a UK FinTech lender, we demonstrate the power of fine-grained transaction data while simultaneously cautioning its safe usage. Three ML classifiers are compared in predicting the likelihood of FV, and groups exhibiting different magnitudes and forms of FV are identified via clustering to highlight the effects of feature combination. Our results indicate that engineered features of financial behavior can be predictive of omitted personal information, particularly sensitive or protected characteristics, shedding light on the hidden dangers of Open Banking data. We discuss the implications and conclude fairness via unawareness is ineffective in this new technological environment.


How are people financially literate in France? We address this question using the PATER survey and following the Lusardi and Mitchell (2011c) approach. We find that some subpopulations are less financially literate than others: women, young and old people as well as less-educated people are more likely to face difficulties when dealing with fundamental financial concepts such as risk diversification, inflation and interest compounding. We also find some differences in financial knowledge depending on the political opinion of the respondents. Finally we show that these differences in financial knowledge are correlated with differences in the propensity to plan: people who score higher on the financial literacy questions are more likely to be engaged in the preparation of a clearly defined financial plan.


Computers built on data Ilow principles promise efficient parallel computation limited in speed only by data dependencies in the calculation being performed. We demonstrate how the massive parallelism of array operations in numerical scientific computation programs can be effectively exploited by the fine-grain parallelism of static data flow architecture. The power of such fine-grain parallelism derives from machine-level programs that form large pipelines in which thousands of actors in hundreds of stages are executed concurrently. Each actor in the pipe is activated in a totally data-driven manner, and no explicit sequential control is needed. This thesis studies the principles of program mapping techniques that can be made to achieve high performance for numerical programs when executed on a computer based on data flow principles. A simple value-oriented language is specified as the source language to express user programs. The key of the program mapping techniques is to organize the data flow machine program graph such that array operations can be effectively pipelined. Program transformation can be performed on the basis of both the global and local data flow analysis to generate efficient pipelined data flow machine code. A pipelined code


Empirically many workers stay for years with the same employer. Long-term contracts offer insurance possibilities for these workers. However, these workers still experience frequent wage changes. This paper analyzes long-term contracts when workers freely leave the contract and move between employers (one-sided limited commitment). We examine if the theory can account for the observed wage dynamics and worker mobility and study its quantitative predictions for the insurability of productivity risk. Our contracting framework allows for job-to-job flows in equilibrium. This leads to much richer and realistic wage dynamics. We prove existence, monotonicity and dif-ferentiability of firm profits and provide first-order conditions that characterize the properties of the optimal contract. We demonstrate how the shape of the contract depends on the persistence and variance of the productivity process, on worker and firm risk, and on non-pecuniary utility components.


Objective To make a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model in rats,and to compare the methods of occlusion of common carotid artery and LONGA's technique. Methods The cerebral artery occlusion was obtained via blockage of either common carotid artery(CCA) or external carotid artery(modified LONGA's group).After two hours of artery occlusion and 24 hours of reperfusion,the rats were evaluated by LONGA's score standard.The volume of cerebral infarction was estimated by TTC staining.The number of apoptotic cells was detected by flow cytometry after seven days of occlusion. Results The neurological behavior scorings in modified LONGA's group and CCA group were 2.30±0.82 and 1.00±0.63,respectively(t=6.886,P0.05).The infarction volume between the two groups was significantly different(t=3.96-4.45,P0.05).The number of apoptotic cells was significantly different between the two groups(F=348.46,q=22.89,P0.05). Conclusion Compared with the CCA occlusion group,the neurological behavior scoring of modified LONGA's group was higher,the infarction volume was larger,the number of apoptotic cells was greater,and the stability was better.


Introduction
Misbehaviour in schools and in the classroom is
considered to be a serious problem to all those interested in the
problematic of teaching. Teachers tend to attribute the cause
for misbehaviour, more to external factors (students personal
characteristics, rudeness and parent alienation, problematic
family environment), than to internal ones.
Material and Methods
The study involved 12 PE teachers, divided into 3
different groups, and 1050 students of 48 classes in the 6th,
7th and 8th grades. Data was collected using an observation
system of students misbehaviour [1], and the Physical
Education Pupil Control Inventory (PEPCI) [2]. Finally, all
the data was analyzed using descriptive and GLM Repeated
Measures statistics.
Conclusions
The present study reiterates, with some differences
in emphasis, the conclusions from previous studies about the
expression of misbehaviour and teachers control measures in
PE in Portuguese schools. Misbehaviour in PE is very
frequent, mainly related to students, activity. In order to
prevent or change misbehaviour, teachers use mainly tutorial
or anticipatory strategies through verbal interventions. The
incidence of misbehaviour is more frequent at the beginning of
the year. The frequency of disruptive behaviours of the
students and of teacher control showed a pronounced intraindividual variation from class to class. The teacher
experience did not emerge as an indicator of the incidence of
misbehaviour, nor of control response.


The presentation describes a synthesizer of normal and disordered voice timbres and their perceptual evaluation with respect to naturalness. The simulator uses a shaping function model, which enables controlling the perturbations of the frequency and harmonic richness of the glottal area signal via the control of the instantaneous frequency and amplitude of two harmonic driving functions. Several types of perturbations are simulated. Perceptual experiments, which involve stimuli of synthetic and human vowels with normal values of perturbations, have been carried out. The first has been based on a binary synthetic/natural classification. The second has involved a discrimination task. Both experiments suggest that human judges are unable to distinguish between human and synthetic vowels prepared with the synthesizer described here.