The paper proposes to analyze the problem of choice of land use and technology for forest regeneration with minimum adverse impacts on the ecosystem. As the nature of the problem of such choice of land use and technology would depend upon the local characteristic of the ecosystem we propose to take up a case study through developing a model of analysis at the watershed level economies in the Himalayan mountains. The issue of choice, which is involved in the analysis of the particular case study, is supposed to yield valuable analytical and policy insights, which can be generalized for rural situations with similar geomorphic, eco-regional and agro-climatic conditions. This work develops a quantitative optimization framework of analysis using the mathematical tool of linear programming for structuring and articulating the problem of choice. The modeling framework essentially focuses on optimal use of land and energy resources in two alternate exercises of net revenue maximization and cost minimization. The range of options that the model would attempt to articulate through the case study would cover the following aspects: (a) Use of land for agriculture, pasture and forestry including conversion from one use to the other. (b) Choice of technology as determined by (i) seed (ii) water (iii) fertilizer (iv) animal energy and (vi) human labour. (c) Choices in commercial and non commercial fuel use for household and agriculture in the rural system taking account of the nexus between food and energy linked with the pattern of land use. The scope of analysis also covers the implication of choice in terms of the following impact on the global and local ecosystem. (a) Emissions in the form of carbon di oxide and methane from agricultural process and fuel use. (b) Soil erosion. While the model based case study work out the total water requirement for any land use pattern it has not considered any choice of source of water use, as there was no effective choice for the case study considered. The constraint of water availability has been taken into account to show how it drives the choice of technology and land use. A dynamic analysis of the problem would have been insightful however due to paucity of time series data on certain variables dynamic analysis wouldnÂ't be possible, instead the attempt here is to determine an alternate combination of inputs and land use pattern in an optimization exercise for a given year under different technologies. The attempt is to identify cost effective technologies, optimal land use pattern, input combinations and prescribe policies for adopting these technologies and help in attaining the optimal land use and input combinations for various outputs such that the impact on ecosystem is minimal.


Emerging evidence shows that women authors are not well represented in publications resulting in gender gaps in publications. 548 original research papers published between 2019 to 2021 in three journals selected randomly from the list of quarterly published journals from India under the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) core collection. According to the gender-wise contributions in scientific publications, there was a significant disparity between authors (male and female). Among national-level publications, the percentage of female authors in science journals published in 2019 and 2020, before the COVID-19 pandemic was 20.25 per cent, while their contribution to science journals published during COVID-19 reduced to 17.80 per cent. The contribution of women authors in science journals was decreased by 2.47 per cent during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a significant divergence between the average number of authors and the average number of female authors in each issue.


Mouse UT‐A3 is expressed in the inner medullary collecting duct, where it localises to the basolateral region of the cell and plays an important role in urine concentration. Currently we have investigated the role of the N‐terminal in the function of mUT‐A3. Xenopus laevis oocytes were injected with 1.5ng cRNA encoding mUTA3, its mutants or 50nl of H2O and function was assessed by measuring urea uptake as described previously (Fenton, 2000). mUT‐A3 and its mutants were N‐terminally tagged with eGFP. The eGFP tag did not alter mUT‐A3 function. The N‐terminal of mUT‐A3 was truncated by 55 and 111 residues (M55‐start and M111‐start). When expressed in Xenopus oocytes the M55‐start truncation was functional. However, no urea uptake was observed in oocytes expressing M111‐start, indicating that the region between M55 and M111 is required to produce a functional urea transporter. Further N‐terminal truncation mutants were synthesised, with the clones beginning with residues S68, G94 and A103. When expressed in Xenopus oocytes these three truncation mutants were functional. Deleting residues 103–113 produced a non‐functional clone. These results indicate that an 8 amino acid stretch between residues 103 and 111 is crucial for mUT‐A3 to function normally. It is unclear whether the lack of function observed in the M111‐ start clone or the 103–113 deletion mutant is due to a defect in trafficking or disruption of urea movement through the pore.


This research focuses on data transfer from Sustainable Facility Management (SFM) to Building Information Modeling (BIM) applications—specifically BUILDER SMS to Autodesk Revit—where the BIM models are created for existing buildings. BIM models were created for ten existing buildings to support initial data transfer based on different object parameters: (a) alphanumeric identifier (five buildings); and (b) name (five buildings). The identifier is randomly assigned by BUILDER SMS. The name is derived from the cardinal direction for exterior components and room names for interior components. The comparison of the methods was accomplished by observing times to ensure data compatibility, complete Revit models, and transfer data from BUILDER SMS to Revit. The name method was faster regarding data compatibility, but no statistical evaluation could be made. The identifier method resulted in shorter model completion times, but the difference was not statistically significant. It was also faster for first-time data transfer, but, again, no statistical evaluation could be made. The difference in total effort required by the methods was not large. Furthermore, the first data transfer for either method can transfer the other parameter, i.e., a name-based data transfer can add the identifier to the Revit model and an identifier-based transfer can add the name. The name method may be slightly better than the identifier method because object names follow an intuitive and logical standard naming convention (specified in the SFM application). The process of ensuring data compatibility by manually entering object names may be less error-prone compared to manually entering alphanumeric identifiers; however, that was not demonstrated here as all of the resulting models were error-free regarding data transfer. The methods described provide useful insights for other SFM/BIM transfer scenarios, such as other applications and models generated during the design phase.


We derive explicit sharp bounds on the distribution of the number of defaults from a pool of obligors with common probability of default and default correlation. These bounds are extremely wide, implying that default probabilities and default correlations only very loosely determine probabilities of severe portfolio losses. Our results quantify and thereby reinforce Gordy's (2002) statement that "Capital decisions ... depend on higher moments".


[Ce(III)Cl6]3–, with its earth-abundant metal element, is a promising photocatalyst facilitating carbon–halogen bond activation. Still, the structure of the reaction intermediate has yet to be explored. Here, we applied time-resolved X-ray liquidography (TRXL), which allows for direct observation of the structural details of reaction intermediates, to investigate the photocatalytic reaction of [Ce(III)Cl6]3–. Structural analysis of the TRXL data revealed that the excited state of [Ce(III)Cl6]3– has Ce–Cl bonds that are shorter than those of the ground state and that the Ce–Cl bond further contracts upon oxidation. In addition, this study represents the first application of TRXL to both photocatalyst-only and photocatalyst-and-substrate samples, providing insights into the substrate's influence on the photocatalyst's reaction dynamics. This study demonstrates the capability of TRXL in elucidating the reaction dynamics of photocatalysts under various conditions and highlights the importance of experimental determination of the structures of reaction intermediates to advance our understanding of photocatalytic mechanisms.


In his book Impossible Training, Emanuel Berman stresses the historical roots of current standards of psychoanalytic training and demonstrates the persistence of controversies that have been present in psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic training from their inception. This perspective, of psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic education as evolving, encourages candidates and practitioners to be participants and creative voices in an evolving field rather than rote followers learning a trade. The author proposes ways that the transference of educators to the younger generation of psychoanalysts can facilitate or interfere with the training of candidates. Berman is applauded for shedding light on current controversies in psychoanalytic education by showing their roots in historical controversies. However, the author points out Berman's tendency to overvalue his side of the controversy rather than embrace controversy itself as in the best interest of the evolution and development of the field.


AIM:To investigate the effects of pioglitazone and irbesartan on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)proliferation induced by advanced glycation end products(AGEs).METHODS:Primary cultures of smooth muscle cells from rat aorta were exposed to AGEs of different concentrations(50,100,200,400mg·L~(-1)) and different times(0,8,16,24,48 h),and then AGEs(200mg·L~(-1))was co-cultured with different doses of aminoguanidine(positive control drug),pioglitazone,or irbesartan for 24h.3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1)-2,5- diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTF)assay was adopted for the quantification of the cell proliferation ratio.RE- SULTS:After 8h treatment,cell proliferation in different AGEs concentration medium was not significantly dif- ferent from control.At 48h,cell concentration was obviously increased by 200mg·L~(-1) AGEs.Aminoguanidine, pioglitazone,irbesartan inhibited the AGEs-induced cell proliferation of VSMCs(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Pi- oglitazone and irbesartan can inhibit the AGEs-induced cell proliferation of VSMCs.


This is the second in a series of three articles on the development of a Socratic moment in the Stellenbosch philosophical tradition. By the early 1940s, a distinctive philosophical tradition had taken shape in Stellenbosch. This article describes how the characteristic themes and concerns of that tradition were fundamentally recast by a generation of graduate students - the most prominent of whom were Daantjie Oosthuizen, James Oglethorpe and Johan Degenaar - in the years from about 1947 to 1950. At a time when Afrikaner political, cultural and intellectual life were becoming increasingly regimented, this generation drew on the writings of Soren Kierkegaard to argue philosophically for a radical individualism in which all beliefs and commitments were seen as existential wagers made in uncertainty. They re-interpreted traditional philosophical and theological concepts in such a way as to deprive them of their function in legitimating the emerging social order, but were never able to develop the concepts needed for sustained social and political critique. Their transformation of the Stellenbosch philosophical tradition nonetheless made possible its moment of Socratic commitment to interrogation of all received truths.


Personality Science Cervone, Mischel Part I: Biological Bases of Individual Differences: Cortical Activity, Affect, and Motivation. In Search of the Genetic Engram of Personality Grigorenko. Individual Differences in Childhood Shyness: Origins, Malleability, and Developmental Course Schmidt, Fox. States, Traits, and Symptoms: Investigating the Neural Correlates of Emotion, Personality, and Psychopathology Heller, Schmidtke, Nitschke, Koven, Miller. Incentive and Threat Reactivity: Relations with Anterior Cortical Activity Sutton. Part II: Personality Development in its Social Context. Models of Development Lewis. Evolutionary and Developmental Perspectives on the Agentic Self Hawley, Little. Birth Cohort, Social Change, and Personality: The Interplay of Dysphoria and Individualism in the 20th Century Twenge. Looking Backward: Changes in the Mean Levels of Personality Traits from 80 to 12 Costa, McCrae. Part III: Personality as a Complex System: Social- Cognitive and Affective Dynamics. What Remains Invariant?: Finding Order within a Person's Thoughts, Feelings, and Behaviors across Situations Shoda, LeeTiernan. Integration and Compartmentalization: A Model of Self-Structure and Self-Change Showers. The Emergence of Personality: Personal Stability through Interpersonal Synchronization Nowak, Vallacher, Zochowski.


A guide for international students of all levels about the FIU Libraries and how academic libraries operate in the United States. Includes lists of services, rights, and resources.


The exercise of critical thinking necessitates the utilisation of sophisticated cognitive abilities by educators. Educators hold the belief that they impart critical thinking skills to their students through intellectual stimulation, yet their pedagogical approach primarily emphasises rote memorisation and note-taking within the confines of the classroom. It is noteworthy that the conduct exhibited by educators in the classroom may be impacted by the critical thinking abilities of their students. Consequently, it is imperative to augment teachers' understanding of critical thinking in order to enable them to proficiently instruct students in the art of critical thinking within the context of university education. Data for the study was obtained via an online questionnaire that was based on Google Form. The qualitative data was analysed using topic order. A collective of 43 educators affiliated with university institutions provided their responses. Based on our findings, it is recommended that students acquire higher-order cognitive skills through a reassessment of pedagogical approaches. Additionally, it is suggested that The exercise of critical thinking necessitates the utilisation of sophisticated cognitive abilities by educators. Educators hold the belief that they impart critical thinking skills to their students through intellectual stimulation, yet their pedagogical approach primarily emphasises rote memorisation and note-taking within the confines of the classroom. It is noteworthy that the conduct exhibited by educators in the classroom may be impacted by the critical thinking abilities of their students. Consequently, it is imperative to augment teachers' understanding of critical thinking in order to enable them to proficiently instruct students in the art of critical thinking within the context of university education. Data for the study was obtained via an online questionnaire that was based on Google Form. The qualitative data was analysed using topic order. A collective of 43 educators affiliated with university institutions provided their responses. Based on our findings, it is recommended that students acquire higher-order cognitive skills through a reassessment of pedagogical approaches. Additionally, it is suggested thatThe exercise of critical thinking necessitates the utilisation of sophisticated cognitive abilities by educators. Educators hold the belief that they impart critical thinking skills to their students through intellectual stimulation, yet their pedagogical approach primarily emphasises rote memorisation and note-taking within the confines of the classroom. It is noteworthy that the conduct exhibited by educators in the classroom may be impacted by the critical thinking abilities of their students. Consequently, it is imperative to augment teachers' understanding of critical thinking in order to enable them to proficiently instruct students in the art of critical thinking within the context of university education. Data for the study was obtained via an online questionnaire that was based on Google Form. The qualitative data was analysed using topic order. A collective of 43 educators affiliated with university institutions provided their responses. Based on our findings, it is recommended that students acquire higher-order cognitive skills through a reassessment of pedagogical approaches. Additionally, it is suggested that higher education curricula be updated to incorporate activities, whether within or outside of the curriculum, that focus on the development of critical thinking skills. Failure to grasp fundamental learning concepts such as analysis, synthesis, creativity and thinking may have implications for a student's future endeavours.


For a finite groupG and its subgroupH which does not contain any normal subgroup ofG except the identity, criterions for the existence or non-ex ist nce of Hurwitz families of special type of ( G, H )-coverings of the Riemann sphere are given.


This thesis describes Venture, an extensible platform for probabilistic meta-programming. In Venture, probabilistic generative models, probability density functions, and probabilistic inference algorithms are all firstclass objects. Any Venture program that makes random choices can be treated as a probabilistic model defined over the space of possible executions of the program. Such probabilistic model programs can also be run while recording the random choices that they make. Modeling and inference in Venture involves two additional classes of probabilistic programs. The first, probability density meta-programs partially describe the input-output behavior of probabilistic model programs. The second, stochastic inference meta-programs identify probable executions of model programs given stochastic constraints, and typically use density metaprograms as guides. Unlike other probabilistic programming platforms, Venture allows model programs, density meta-programs, and inference meta-programs to be written as user-space code in a single probabilistic programming language. Venture is essentially a Lisp-like higher-order language augmented with two novel abstractions: (i) probabilistic execution traces, a first-class object that represents the sequence of random choices that a probabilistic program makes, and (ii) stochastic procedures, which encapsulate the probabilistic programs and meta-programs needed to allow simple probability distributions, user-space VentureScript programs, and foreign probabilistic programs to be treated uniformly as components of probabilistic computations. Venture also provides runtime support for stochastic regeneration of execution trace fragments that makes use of the programs and meta-programs of all stochastic procedures invoked during the execution of the original traced program. This thesis describes a new prototype implementation of Venture incorporating these ideas and illustrates the flexibility of Venture by giving concise user-space implementations of primitives and inference strategies that have been built in to Church as well as other probabilistic languages.


This study examines the life histories of male and female crack addicts outside of the inner city context, focusing on gendered variation in experiences related to childhood background, pathways into crack cocaine use, income generation strategies, and violence. We offer insight into the nature of crack use and culture outside of the inner city and question the generalizability of previous studies to communities outside of the inner city. Furthermore, the question of women's emancipation and the subsequent impact this has had on their roles and experiences within crack cultures is addressed through comparison of male and female experiences within crack cultures. Lastly, the issue of how race, class, and gender interact to shape the experiences of crack addicts is tentatively explored.


Arresting beds for decelerating vehicles, especially passenger air-crafts unable to stop on available run-way, including a vehicle arresting system. The vehicle arresting system also includes a bed filled with foamed glass aggregate with particle sizes ranging from 0.25 cm to 15 cm and nominal void fractions from about 70 to 98%, and a top cover covering the upper surface of the bed of foamed glass aggregate.


Based on the characteristic the diesel the engine on the locomotive JMY380FA and maintenance practice,the paper expounds the performance of powerless on the diesel engine,cause and disposal methods,so as provide some references similar faults.


Case studies of students enrolled in a specialized secondary school in Singapore describe the experiences of flow among 14 teacher-nominated adolescents talented both in the arts and in academics. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with the respondents to discern whether they experience flow as they each engage in their respective art forms (visual arts, dance, music, and theater). Qualitative analysis of the interview transcripts reveals elements of the flow state (clear goals, intense concentration, enjoyment, loss of self-consciousness, transformation of time) highly evident among the talented teenagers. Environmental supports that enable expressions of artistic inclinations and identities within the Singapore context were likewise in conjunction with implications for arts-educators and artist-practitioners.


After its ascent to power in June 1975, the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frelimo) adopted socialism as a model for development. This led to the implementation of many policies, one of which was the 'socialisation and modernisation of the countryside'. More concretely, it involved the implantation of communal villages, collective machambas [farm, plot] cooperatives, the prohibition of initiation rites and the abolition of traditional authorities. In the province of Zambezia Frelimo faced innumerable obstacles to putting the policy of 'socialisation of the countryside' into practice. This happened to such a degree that, according to the government of Zambezia in that era, the population of other provinces like Nampula, where this policy was more highly prioritised, fled to Zambezia because they knew that there were no communal villages. The objective of this article is to analyse the 'socialisation of the countryside' campaign in Zambezia and the different forms of resistance to this policy on the part of the Zambezian peasants.1


Abstract Guava is an important fruit in Brazil and worldwide. However, research has yet to advance on its breeding and seed technology, an essential factor for the development of productive genotypes with germination potential which would support the continuity of breeding programs. In search of a methodology for routine analysis testing of guava seeds under genetic control, this study examined the effect of temperature and substrate on the germination of guava seeds from full-sib families. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with a 5 × 4 factorial arrangement consisting of the combination of five temperatures (25, 30, 35, 20-30 and 25-35 °C) and four substrates (paper roll, on-paper, in-sand and on-sand), with eight replicates of 50 seeds. Germination, germination speed index and live ungerminated seeds were evaluated. The alternating temperatures of 20-30 and 25-35 °C and the paper roll, on-paper and in-sand substrates are adequate conditions for germination tests with guava seeds.


We prove a conjectured lower bound on the p-Wasserstein distance between the positive and negative parts of a Laplace eigenfunction. Our result holds for general RCD(K,∞) spaces.


This paper presents an efficient real-time estimation and rendering of an acoustical environment for augmented reality (AR). An AR application obtains information about a given environment based on the detected surfaces with the camera, as well as the positions virtual sound sources and listener. Then an artificial reverberator is calibrated based on these data. An evaluation is carried out both in an actual and in a virtual room (by using pre-rendered impulse responses and convolution). Results indicate a perceptual preference towards simpler artificial reverberators. Taken together, our implementation and perceptual evaluation results contribute to the challenge of real-time interaction in a real, dynamic environment so that the virtual objects are registered in that environment not only visually, but also in the auditory modality.


Anionic (KOH) polymerization of glycidol, or its trimethylsilyl ether (TMSGE) followed by hydrolysis, gives a low molecular weight, largely amorphous polymer that is not the reported 1,3-polyglycidol but, based on 13C-NMR, largely a 1,4-poly(3-hydroxyoxetane) with much branching. This result is achieved by a simple rearrangement of the usual, propagating secondary oxyanion to a primary one. Substantial amounts of four dimers (5–10%), four trimers, and some tetramers were also found. One dimer was isolated and shown to be glycidyl glycerin, the usual thermal dimer from glycidol. Possible structures of the other dimers are proposed. The polymerization appears to begin with the rapid formation of the glycidoxy anion , formed by base abstraction of a proton from glycidol and by nucleophilic displacement of the SiMe3 group from TMSGE. Other bases such as KOtert-Bu give similar 1,4 polymer for glycidol but, with TMSGE, there is considerable 1,3 polymerization. Detailed mechanisms are proposed. The polymer perpared from R-TMSGE with KOH was highly crystalline, high melting (166°C), H2O soluble, isotactic poly(3-hydroxyoxetane). The cationic polymerization of tert-butyl glycidyl ether (TBGE) and TMSGE gave low molecular weight 1,3 polyethers. The TBGE polymer was all head-to-tail whereas the polyglycidol from TMSGE contained extensive head-to-head chain units with considerable branching. Mechanisms for these interesting differences are proposed.


Dear Editor, Erythropoiesis is tightly regulated by the secretion of erythropoietin (EPO) in response to tissue hypoxia.1 Hemoglobin (Hb) variants with increased oxygen affinity are a rare cause of secondary erythrocytosis.2-4 These variants are characterized by a decreased ability to deliver oxygen to peripheral tissues and thus local hypoxia, and increased production of EPO inducing a compensatory erythrocytosis.3 We describe a new Hb variant with increased oxygen affinity in a patient and his son, both having erythrocytosis. A 75-year-old man with a past medical history of asthma, arterial hypertension, gout, mild interventricular communication, and gastroesophageal reflux was referred for mild erythrocytosis evolving for at least 15 years. The proband had no high hematocrit-related symptoms. There was no secondary cause for erythrocytosis or JAK2V617F or exon 12 mutations, but venous blood gas showed a decreased calculated P50. Familial investigation revealed that one (32-year-old) of his three sons also had erythrocytosis with symptoms of hyperviscosity including headaches. He also had a low P50 value at 20.5 mmHg calculated using venous blood gas. Laboratories results of the proband and his son are summarized in Table 1. The proband was treated with low-dose aspirin as thromboembolic primary prevention because of his age and arterial hypertension, whereas his son had regular phlebotomies to maintain his hematocrit under 50% with a clinical benefit on headaches. Hb analysis was performed using cation exchange HPLC (Variant 2, Dual Kit, Bio-Rad), capillary electrophoresis (CAPILLARYS 2, Sebia), isoelectric focusing (IEF), and reverse phase HPLC (RPHPLC). A Hb variant was successfully separated using IEF and RP-HPLC accounting for 20% of the α chains as evaluated using RP-HPLC (Figure 1A,B). Informed consent was given by the proband and his son to perform molecular studies, and DNA was extracted from EDTA blood sample using conventional methods. From Hb analysis, an α globin variant was suspected and α genes were sequenced using Sanger method. Molecular identification found an uncharacterized heterozygous variant located at the end of exon 3: codon 140 Tyr > Ser ( Hb A2:c.422A > C) (Figure 1C). In addition, the son inherited from his mother a 5'UTR mutation in the α2 gene (Hb A2:c.-24 C > G), which is frequently found in patients with very mild thalassemia trait (HbVar ID2927 personal communication). The oxygen equilibrium binding curve (OEC) of red blood cells was measured using an oximeter device (Hemox-Analyser, TCS Scientific Corp) in 25 mM phosphate, 135 mM NaCL, pH: 7.35. The OEC of a RBC suspension from the son (compound heterozygous for Hb Angers and the α 2, 5'UTR variant) revealed a shift to the left of about 9 mm Hg at half saturation (p50 = 16.5 mmHg) as compared to the P50 of a normal patient (25.5 mm Hg) (Figure 2). The cooperativity was decreased, especially at the bottom half of the curve. As shown in the insert of Figure 2 which display the n'Hill coefficient curve of the proband's compared to a normal sample. For most of the curve, the proband's Hill coefficient is below 1.5, while reference control is around 2.5 or higher (Figure 2). Since the mutant α chain fraction represents about 20% of the total α chains pool (Figure 1B), it is likely that the total fraction of tetramers containing one or two abnormal alpha chain could reach up to 38% of the Hb tetramers at least transitory


In recent months, universities around the world have been forced to cancel courses and close their doors due to the growing coronavirus epidemic. Following the government's precautions, Algerian students were bound to quarantine regulations for their safety. Thus, they unexpectedly switched to online learning instead of face-to-face learning. Our objective of this exploratory study is to investigate the perceptions of Algerian university students regarding the abrupt transition to online learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve this goal, an online survey with closed and open-ended questions was conducted among 380 students from the faculty of chemistry and hydrocarbons (FCH) at the University of Boumerdes—Algeria. The results showed that students have a negative perception of online learning. They are reluctant about this new digital pedagogy and prefer the traditional way of teaching to online teaching during the coronavirus pandemic.


44 Every so often particular events in world history reverberate through far-flung cultural formations, political organisations, and popular imaginaries. Although such large-scale events are perhaps becoming increasingly frequent, accessible, and fleeting in an era of rapid space-time compression and capitalist globalization, these events make their way into global consciousness in ways that so-called everyday life cannot. Assessing the impact of such an event or moment, as it causes unique reactions in multiple spheres, rests in part on our ability to take stock of not only the immediate circumstances surrounding the event but also the ways in which the dynamism of the moment gets harnessed and redirected. The Spanish Civil War (1936–39) was such an event and moment in world history. By providing a case study of poems written by Canadians about the Spanish Civil War, I show how the poetic fight against fascism departed from mere commentary on the events in Spain to become a catalyst for a metapoetic expression of modernism in Canada. While this is a study of the poetry about this war in a single magazine, it is also a project that aims to get a glimpse of the role it played in shaping the larger Canadian poetic imaginary. Further, this study aims to show how the poetic incorporation of a transnational event into a literary problematic can lead to palpable changes in the field of Canadian literature. The poetic fight against fascism in New Frontier, an English-language periodical published in Toronto from April 1936 to October 1937, was taken up in ten poems by contributors A.M. Stephen, Margaret Day, Leo Kennedy, Dorothy Livesay, and Kenneth Leslie. Building on the scholarship of Nicola Vulpe, James Doyle, Candida Rifkind, and Dean Irvine, I argue that these ten B a r t V a u t o u r


In order to solve the environmental pollution of coal gangue and the shortage of aggregate resources in road engineering, waste coal gangue is used as road base material instead of natural stone materials. Through physical, mechanical, chemical and activity tests of coal gangue aggregate, the optimal gradation composition of unconfined compressive strength was determined. Through unconfined compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, freeze-thaw and dry shrinkage tests, the influence of cement content on road performance of cement stabilized coal gangue mixture was studied. By means of SEM, ICP AES, XRD and optical digital microscope, the difference between spontaneous combustion coal gangue and Unspontaneous combustion coal gangue was analyzed, the microstructure of cement stabilized coal gangue mixture was characterized, and the strength formation mechanism of mixture was explored. The results show that Spontaneous combustion coal gangue has higher activity than Unspontaneous combustion coal gangue. Based on the selected optimal allocation (BNS:SNS:SSC = 71.26:9.41:18.8). The mixture of 4% cement dosage can not only meet the requirement of early strength 4.16 MPa, but also show an efficient strength growth rate of 36.10%, showing the optimum mechanical properties. The total shrinkage coefficient of cement stabilized coal gangue mixture with 4% cement dosage is 1.12 × 10−2, which shows that the dry shrinkage resistance is the best. With the increase of time, hydration degree is gradually deepened, and gelled substance is more tightly bonded to aggregates. There is no obvious gap between aggregates, and the integrity of the mixture is enhanced, which can show better road performance. Ca (OH)2, a cement hydration product in cement stabilized coal gangue mixture, takes place pozzolana reaction with active SiO2 and Al2O3 in coal gangue to produce gismondine, which is beneficial to the global strength and the bond quality of the mixture.


The paper conducted a detailed analysis of production efficiency of construction industry by DEA method in twelve western provinces in 2010.The results show that seven provinces including Chongqing,Sichuan and Shanxi are DEA efficient in the construction;Guizhou,Gansu,Qinghai and Ningxia are in a stage of increasing scale;Yunnan and Qinghai has serious redundancy inputs and insufficiency outputs.Further analysis of the productivity growth of Qinghai Province,we found that its growth rate fluctuated considerably,only coming from technological progress and leading to failure to achieve economies of scale.Finally,we argue that Yunnan and Qinghai should achieve technical and scale efficiency by restructuring,transformation,optimal allocation and effective utilization of asset,and finally,upgrade the overall productivity of the construction.


INTRODUCTION
This study aims to review the management and discuss the outcome of patients with iatrogenic facial nerve palsy.

METHODS
11 patients with iatrogenic facial nerve palsy (FNP) were evaluated retrospectively in a tertiary centre between June 1995 and September 2008. All the cases were referred from other centres.

RESULTS
Ten patients had iatrogenic immediate FNP secondary to mastoidectomy and one had FNP secondary to superficial parotidectomy. Of the ten cases, three had concomitant profound sensorineural hearing loss and one had concomitant labyrinthine fistula. Ten patients underwent facial nerve exploration and one patient was managed conservatively. The second genu was the commonest site of injury (60 percent). Facial nerve recoveries were achieved to Grade I House Brackmann classification in five cases, Grade II in two cases and Grade III in two cases postoperatively. One case defaulted follow-up. One patient, managed conservatively, recovered to FNP Grade II after five months post-injury.

CONCLUSION
Mistakes that most likely occurred during mastoid surgery are drilling towards the antrum, causing injury to the facial nerve at the second genu. Early facial nerve exploration and neurolysis resulted in good facial nerve recovery.


Abstract : Critical Technology Events (CTEs) came out of problem-driven research -- the "Mining" phase. CTEs are central technology events in the development of a weapons system that has led to a key capability; they can originate in industry, in-house government labs, academia, or with international partners. The role of Army laboratories has been to 1) Collaborated with others on CTEs; 2) Evaluated performance of prototypes, including fixes for technical problems; 3) Acted as consultants to contractors and to the Program Manager; and 4)Acted as advisors to the Army to ensure a "smart buyer" capability. This briefing argues it is important to maintain strong in-house Army laboratories.


To clarify the effects of humanizing a murine antibody on its specificity and affinity for its target, we examined the interaction between hen egg white lysozyme (HEL) and its antibody, HyHEL‐10 variable domain fragment (Fv). We selected a human antibody framework sequence with high homology, grafted sequences of six complementarity‐determining regions of murine HyHEL‐10 onto the framework, and investigated the interactions between the mutant Fvs and HEL. Isothermal titration calorimetry indicated that the humanization led to 10‐fold reduced affinity of the antibody for its target, due to an unfavorable entropy change. Two mutations together into the interface of the variable domains, however, led to complete recovery of antibody affinity and specificity for the target, due to reduction of the unfavorable entropy change. X‐ray crystallography of the complex of humanized antibodies, including two mutants, with HEL demonstrated that the complexes had almost identical structures and also paratope and epitope residues were almost conserved, except for complementary association of variable domains. We conclude that adjustment of the interfacial structures of variable domains can contribute to the reversal of losses of affinity or specificity caused by humanization of murine antibodies, suggesting that appropriate association of variable domains is critical for humanization of murine antibodies without loss of function.


Globalisation has led to changing identities and relations between inner and outside worlds. The factors mediating in this exchange are languages and cultures. Bilingual young learners (YLs) develop their identity negotiating between the native and target language culture. They experience it in learning/teaching materials where meaning is communicated through verbal and visual modes. The project aims to investigate identity representations advocated in English language teaching (ELT) materials as the semiotic reality for YLs. Two major questions are designated: How do visual and verbal modalities reflect identity in ELT coursebooks for YLs? What is the image-text relationship in the cultural content for identity representation? The project involves multimodal discourse analysis (MDA). The qualitative approach focuses on the imagetext relationship of the cultural content in four series of ELT coursebooks for YLs. The image-text relationships known as intermodality indicates how these modes interact to construct content for identity representation into focus. The project hopes to improve materials development. © 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UK


SUMMARY. Anderson and co-workers' recently described a simple high-performance liquid chromatographic/fluorimetric assay for serotonin and tryptophan. in which deproteinised samples were directly injected. Using this method routinely. we frequently observed interference which could not sufficiently be resolved from serotonin to allow accurate quantitation. However, when the amine was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography prior to HPLC separation as advocated by Koch and Kissinger.i chromatograms were obtained with practically no extraneous peaks. In this paper the application of this method for the determination of serotonin in CSF, plasma, serum and urine is described. The biogenic amine serotonin is mainly present in the enterochromaffin cells of the intestine, in serotonergic neurons in the brain and in platelets. It functions as a neurotransmitter or a vasoconstrictor and thus its determination in biological fluids can be of diagnostic value in certain mental disorders (e.g. autism, depres sion, Down's syndrome, schizophrenia), in carcinoid tumours of the intestine or in viability studies of platelets. In the detection of carcinoid tumours the determination of urinary 5-hydroxyindole ace tic acid is the method of choice, while in other cases the determination of serotonin itself in plasma, serum, urine or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be of use. Materials and methods


Nigeria's journey to introduce and scale up subcutaneous DMPA (DMPA-SC) began with early learning from publicand private-sector pilot studies in 2014. This research on feasibility and acceptability informed a holistic plan to achieve widespread uptake across Africa's most populous country. With support from partners, the Ministry of Health (MOH) launched a five-year introduction and scale-up plan in 2018. Centered on the MOH's ambitious family planning goals, the plan detailed strategies to make DMPA-SC available to all women in the public and private sectors, in clinics, and in their own homes through self-injection.


mobility. Progress in descriptive model building reflects wide application and refinement of various advanced statistical techniques including structural equation models of the process of stratification (mobility), log-linear analysis of mobility tables, and stochastic models of positional (status) change. Advances have been less cumulative in analyzing class relations and hierarchical categories of social structure, especially when these relations and categories are conceived as properties of social aggregates and not of individuals (e.g., labor markets). Little, if any, refinement of major theoretical positions has ensued, particularly if attention is restricted to intellectual derivations from Marx, Weber, Durkheim, Sorokin, or Parsons.


primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) is a lethal disease of unknown etiology. Because of the difficulties involved in evaluating the pulmonary vascular bed and the often subtle presentation of the disorder, the pathophysiology, epidemiology, natural history, and optimal treatment of PPH has been difficult to define. To fill this void, the Lung Division of the Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, in 1981 initiated the Patients Registry for the Characterization of PPH. Thirty-two medical centers agreed to report standardized information on patients with PPH and eventually, 194 patients were registered. 1 Pulmonary hypertension was defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure of >25 mm Hg at rest or 30 mm Hg during exercise


Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors ( PPARs) are a family of ligand-activated nuclear transcription factors that play pivotal roles in lipid and energy homeostasis.A cDNA of 1 688 bp encoding PPARγ was isolated from liver total RNA of Japanese Seaperch ( Lateolabrax japonicus) using RT-PCR by degenerate primers based on sequence of other animals published on GenBank.The obtained 1 688 bp Seaperch PPARγ included 1 569 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 522 amino acid residues with a theoretical pI of 6.06 and molecular weight of 59.02 ku.The blast analysis indicated that the deduced amino acid sequence of Seaperch PPARγ shared the highest identity of 93.1% with Dicentrarchus labrax,92.3% with Sparus aurata and 61.8% with Homo sapiens.RT-PCR analysis showed that the Seaperch PPARγ was ubiquitously expressed in 9 tissues tested,with the highest expression in liver,gill and lipid tissues,followed by spleen,brain,intestine and kidney,the lowest in heart and muscle.The cDNA sequence of PPARγ open reading frame was cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a( + ) .The recombinant plasmid pET-28a-PPARγ1569 was transfected into Escherichia coli.BL21 ( DE3) pLysS and the PPARγ expression was induced at 30 ℃ by addition of 1 mmol/L isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside.After 4 h induction with IPTG, the expressed recombinant protein with an apparent molecular mass of 66 ku was found by SDS-PAGE and confirmed by Western-blotting using an antibody specific to 6-His tag.The expressed PPARγ protein was insoluble and present in the inclusion bodies.These inclusion bodies were solubilized by 6 mol/L guanidine hydrochloride and purified on a Ni2 + affinity column ( Ni2 + His-binding column) .After purification,the recombinant PPARγ was used to immunize mice and the specific polyclonal antibody was obtained.Indirect ELISA( enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) was established to test the titer of the polyclonal antibody,the result was positive and the titer reached 16 000.Our research serves as a basis for further research into fish PPARγ's biological characterization and function.


This chapter examines race and ethnicity in educational history in the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa, and Brazil. Differentiation and segregation based on race, religion, gender, ability, and socioeconomic class, were common features in designing school systems to promote a nation's efforts toward citizenship. In the United States and elsewhere, efforts to inculcate norms of democratic citizenship were equally fraught with means to deculturalize minority, immigrant, and indigenous populations. As such, this chapter focuses primarily on racialized minority populations and limitations of access to public schooling centered on democratic citizenship. It surveys educational policies and practices from the colonial era through the mid-twentieth century, examining the role of religion, immigration, language, countries of origin, and race. It also discusses how schooling systems have prepared future citizenry for diversity.


Hybrid integration of multiple quantum well modulators with silicon is proposed for implementing chip-scale optical interconnects. Polymer waveguides with curved facets are used to couple light in and out of the MQW devices.


ABSTRACT Abalone larvae settle (attach and metamorphose) in response to crustose coralline algae (CCA), but it is not known whether the settlement cues arise from the CCA or from microbes on their surface. The CCA Phymatolithon repandum induced close to 100% metamorphosis of Haliotis iris larvae. Pebbles and shells with a biofilm but without visible macroalgae induced, on average, 58% metamorphosis on H. iris larvae within 2 days, and biofilms are commonly used to cue settlement in H. iris hatcheries. This suggests that settlement on P. repandum might be triggered by the surface biofilm rather than the CCA itself. Treatment of P. repandum with antibiotics, germanium dioxide, and scrubbing did not significantly reduce settlement of H. iris larvae. Diatom strains isolated from P. repandum induced little attachment or metamorphosis at the low diatom densities (103–104 cells/cm2) found on P. repandum, but induced moderate attachment (30–85% after 4 days) and metamorphosis (2–40%) at high densities (5 × 104-1 × 106 cells/cm2). Nine bacterial strains isolated from P. repandum induced low-percent attachment (0–45% after 7 days) and metamorphosis (0–20%) if assayed in the presence of antibiotics. Parallel assays without antibiotics had higher attachment (40–80% after 7 days) and metamorphosis (5–50%), but this activity may have arisen from bacteria introduced with the larvae. Although bacteria and diatoms did induce some attachment and metamorphosis of H. iris larvae, they were less effective than P. repandum (95% within 2 days). Treatments that greatly reduced the biofilm on P. repandum had no effect on its settlement-inducing activity. This evidence supports the view of CCA as an especially potent source of inducers for temperate abalone larval settlement.


A series of isostructural 3D lanthanide metal–organic frameworks (LnMOFs), with the formula n(H3O)[Ln(L)(H2O)]n·nH2O (Ln = Gd 1, Eu 2 and Tb 3, H4L = 3,5,3′,5′-oxytetrabenzoic acid), have been successfully synthesized by solvothermal reactions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that 1–3 are constructed from wave-like Ln–carboxylate chains which are further connected by the ligands to form 3D channel-type frameworks. Further experiments suggest that 3 is thermally stable up to 322 °C and exhibits outstanding chemical stability in aqueous solutions with the pH ranging from 3 to 11. Significantly, 3 can be utilized for the first time to detect malachite green (a synthetic antibiotic to cure saprolegniasis) in aqueous media even in the presence of other interfering antibiotics, with a high sensitivity (Ksv = 8.33 × 104 M−1), low detection limit (DL = 0.25 μM) and good recyclability. On a more practical note, we found that the luminescence intensity of 3 showed almost no response to pH changes (pH 3–11), allowing steady sensing in real samples such as river water, simulated human serum and urine with satisfactory recoveries and RSD.


When we began discussing "passing the torch"— with Tom Lamarre on a shinkansen bound for Tokyo in 2008— we thought looking at the propensity for alternative worlds in anime and manga might be a good and fruitful theme. But after the devastation of 3/11— the earthquake, the tsunami, Fukushima, and other related disasters— we began to perceive compelling implications for this topic on an intensified and immediate landscape. The linkage of this propensity for world renewal in anime and manga juxtaposed with the reallife traumas of the political, economic, ecological, and cultural fallout of 3/11, brought into sharp focus the complex constellation of time and space contradictions, paradoxes, and peculiarities in which contemporary Japanese popular culture exists. This book, as usual, has been divided into four parts. The first, "Passages of As Not," maps desire, disaster, and longing in four essays that, while taking different approaches, all center around the paradoxical movements and nonmovements of the experience of contemporary Japanese people in the midst of radical changes, movements that are at the same time a recognition of tradition. Akira Mizuta Lippit notes the peculiarities of time that are entangled in the event and the experience of disaster— the position of being shot through with the past yet already anticipating a future disappearance: "Disaster destroys the condition of its own possibility and so takes place without taking place, its impossibility and thus its postponement— its deferral— is the event." Christophe Thouny charts both time and space through the fictionalization of disaster in an examination of Sono Shion's film The Land of Hope (2012) and begins to "map out this singular topology of Fukushima, Japan frenchy lunning Introduction


The silicon Integrated circuits (ICs) continues to have an unprecedented impact on improving almost every aspect of modern society including communications, military, security, healthcare, energy saving, industrial automation, transport, and entertainment. Over the last four decades, the relentless pursuit of IC device miniaturization for manufacturing high-performance and high-density IC-chips and system-on-a-chip (SoC) led to the creation of Internet and social media. The semiconductor components are used in smart cars, smart homes, smart cities, smart health, smart energy, smart security, smart appliances, and so on. The Internet enables connecting any and every smart devices or "things" creating "Internet of Things" (IoT) or Internet of everything (IoE). And, the IoT-connected smart devices constitute a smart environment and integrated ecosystem that can be accessed via personal computers, tablets, and smartphones from anywhere without human interaction. However, the performance of nanoscale-MOSFETs in the design and manufacturing of "smart" electronic products necessary to create smart networks or "smart things" to enable smart environments and integrated ecosystems is inadequate due to the fundamental physical limitations such as short channel effects (SCEs). Shrinking conventional bulk MOSFET device dimensions in the decananometer regime degrades device performance including degradation in the subthreshold swing and decrease in device turn-on voltage. As a result, the scaled MOSFETs cannot be turned off easily by lowering the gate voltage leading to excessive leakage current. Due to SCEs, the device characteristics become increasingly sensitive to process variation that imposes a serious challenge for continued scaling of bulk-MOSFETs for the nanometer technology nodes. In addition, at gate length below 20-nm, the sub-surface leakage paths are weakly controlled by the gate irrespective of gate oxide thickness and their potential barriers can be easily lowered by drain bias through the enhanced electric field coupling to the drain. Thus, to surmount the continuous scaling challenges of conventional bulk MOSFET devices new device technologies such as FinFET has emerged as the real alternative to MOSFETs. This tutorial provides the basic features and operating principles of FinFETs required for the understanding of design and manufacturing of advanced ICs at the nanometer nodes for smart electronic products. In addition, this tutorial also discusses the emerging undoped or lightly-doped channel MOSFETs with performance comparable to FinFETs for design and manufacturing of smart IC products.


Considerable energy and attention have been devoted to the technical aspects of asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) over the past few years. While the successful resolution of technical issues is essential to the widespread use and implementation of ATM, we must remember that the end objective is to provide an efficient telecommunications transport infrastructure which benefits the end user. While there may be an intuitive appeal related to the integration of voice, video and data traffic over a common network infrastructure, the actual benefit must come from reduced costs and increased flexibility. Once an ATM-based infrastructure is implemented in a geographic area, there is a strong potential for benefits to flow to other entities which are related either organizationally or geographically. The State of New Mexico and the New Mexico Army National Guard provide a case study of this type of synergy. This paper focuses on the State of New Mexico, where an ATM-based infrastructure has been successfully implemented for the New Mexico Army National Guard. The realization of substantial cost-savings, tremendous increases in network capacities and capabilities, and the extension of new applications to communities across the state provides an example of military/civilian partnership and illustrates how the long-awaited promise of ATM is manifesting itself in real-life situations.


British Journal of Occupational Therapy May 2002 65(5) learning and knowledge. In: D Boud, J Garrick, eds. Understanding learning at work. London: Routledge, 47-64. Pedler M, Burgogne J, Boydell T (1997) The learning company. 2nd ed. Maidenhead, Berks: McGraw-Hill. Powell A, Waters B (1996) Improving the effectiveness of quality assurance systems in non-medical health care education and training. London: HEQC/NHSE. Quality Assurance Agency (2001a) Benchmarking academic and practitioner standards in healthcare subjects/professions. Available at: www.qaa.ac.uk/ Accessed on 7 April 2002. Quality Assurance Agency (2001b) The framework for higher education qualifications in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Available at: www.qaa.ac.uk/ Accessed on 7 April 2002. Senge P (1990) The fifth discipline. New York: Doubleday. Stengelhofen J (1993) Teaching students in clinical settings. London: Chapman and Hall. Tosey P, McNair S (2001) Work-related learning. In: P Jarvis, ed. The age of learning and the knowledge society. London: Kogan Page, 95-108.


(73) Assignees: CARL ZEISS MEDITEC, INC., A method of detecting a brain tumor includes administering Dublin, CA (US); CARL ZEISS indocyanine green to a living body; exposing brain tissue in SURGICAL GMBH, Oberkochen the living body; irradiating the exposed brain tissue with (DE) excitation light of indocyanine green; obtaining an image based on fluorescence of the excited indocyanine green in the (21) Appl. No.: 13/043,120 brain tissue, wherein the image is obtained using an endomi croscope; and identifying portions of the brain tissue corre (22) Filed: Mar. 8, 2011 sponding to the brain tumor based on the image.


Ideas from string theory and quantum field theory have been the motivation for new invariants of knots and 3‐dimensional manifolds which have been constructed from complex algebraic structures such as Hopf algebras [17, 22], monoidal categories with additional structure [24], and modular functors [14, 23]. These constructions are closely related. Here we take a unifying categorical approach based on a natural 2‐dimensional generalisation of a topological field theory in the sense of Atiyah [1], and show that the axioms defining these complex algebraic structures are a consequence of the underlying geometry of surfaces.


To the Editor: I write in regard to the recent article by Donat and Wright.' N. Alvarez and I coauthored a paper2 on the differential diagnosis of epileptic versus pseudoepileptic seizures using telemetered EEG and video recording (TEEG-VR) some time ago. My colleague and I were happy to see that the results we obtained in adults were also obtained in children, but were disappointed to see that our work was not cited. There was also a germane paper by Holmes et a13 using TEEG-VR on this population, which is cited in our paper. This paper was not mentioned by Drs. Donat and Wright. We realize that this occurred because space is very limited, or maybe the earlier work was just missed in their literature search. Nevertheless, we hope you do not mind being informed of the previous work.


loss and UV photoelectron spectroscopy have shown the presence of a multiplicity of sites in the adsorption of CO on polycrystalline surfaces of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Pd, Pt and Ag and transition metal alloys. Alloy surfaces show the presence of sites similar to those on the surfaces of the component metals, but with modified reactivities.


Radiographic images are medical technology helping physicians to reach an accurate diagnosis for a proper treatment. However the exposure dose should be regarded as low as possible while the the image quality is still sufficient enough for radiologists to evaluate and report. This experimental research was done by a new exposure technique adjustment for chest radiography at radiation unit of Phichit Hospital using in patients imaged. 300 patients were divided into 2 groups of 150 as an experimental group and controlled group. Data were collected from 1 November - 15 December 2013.  For the first group the protocol of  88-100 kVp and 0.9-1 mAs was used secondary group seted of protocol 61-72 kVp, 3.5 mAs. Radiation doses were calculated and analyzed the differential between two groups. This study was effective adjustment the new exposure technique for chest radiography.  The results found that the experimental group was 54.5% female, age 40-49 years old, 56.1% thickness was  20-21 cms., 52.9%. While 45.5% in controlled group was female, 43.9% of age was 40-49 years old, 47.1% thickness was 20-21 cms. The patients dose in experimental group revealed that the mean and the third quartile (75 th percentile) dose were 0.044 and 0.05 mGy, while in control group 0.091 and 0.09 mGy respectively. The average patients dose in experimental group showed was lower than control group significantly. Keyword: Adjustment exposure technique, Chest radiography


This study is meant to investigate the realization of disagreement strategies by non-nativespeakers of English by eliciting data through DCT and role plays from two groups of students:first year students and third year students of English Department. The DCTs and role playscontain 24 situations which are designed in different issues and social status. The resultshowed that most students realized disagreement through contradiction, counterclaim,irrelevancy claim, contradiction and counterclaim, and challenges related to personalinvolvement and non-personal involvement issues in different social status. The contradictionstrategy was dominantly used by the students. Some students realized disagreement throughthe combination of counterclaim and challenge strategy in equal and high-low status related topersonal involvement, and equal and low-high status related to non-personal involvement. Inthis case, students did not only disagree by producing counterclaim response but alsochallenged the previous speaker to provide more evidence related to his/her statement. Thefindings also showed that there is no pragmatic development from first year students to thirdyear students because they produced disagreement strategy in the same way although theyhad different English proficiency level.


Between April 18 and June 28, 1945, the birds populations on three tracts near Scranton, Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania were determined by repeated, systematic census trips. One tract ("Mile Square") comprised about 40 acres adjacent to a 1-mile trail in Spring Brook Valley, 6 miles south of Scranton. The trail extends from one edge to beyond the center of a forested area of about 600 acres that in late May and early June was sprayed by airplane with 5 pounds of DDT per acre for experimental control of gypsy moth larvae and to determine the effect of DDT upon other insects. This dosage is several times that needed for control of the gypsy moth and is the maximum considered necessary by entomologists for any forest insect pest. The second tract ("Maple Lake"), 6 miles southeast of Scranton and one mile west of Maple Lake, comprised 40 acres in an area of about 350 acres of rolling land mostly forested. The area was sprayed by airplane on June 9 with 1 pound of DDT per acre for experimental control of gypsy moth larvae and to determine the effect of this concentration on other insects. The third tract ("Check"), 6 miles southeast of Scranton and a mile northwest of Maple Lake, was a 40-acre portion of an extensive untreated forest


It is important to study the relationship of the main factors in the subjectivity of translation,i.e.: the author of the source text,the translator and the reader of the target text.Enlightened by the spirit of harmonious culture construction,this paper proposes that a harmonious relationship should be set up between the subjects of translation,which can be achieved by the intersubjectivity,the important factor for successful translation.Therefore,it is of profound significance to recognize this in translation studies.


Abstract The Commission on the Future of Health Care in Canada (CFHCC) is to be congratulated for addressing the tension among various levels of government regarding health-care funding. The CTHCC also took the progressive step of creating the National Health Council, a body charged with ensuring greater accountability in health care. Psychologists have argued for decades that treatment decisions should be guided by a consideration of what works for whom and under what conditions. In our response to Romanow and Marchildon (2003), we argue that funding of health services in Canada has failed to heed this recommendation and the scientific evidence in support of the efficacy of psychological interventions for a wide range of health conditions. Despite remarkable advances in healthcare delivery, Canada's health-care system continues to be funded based on an outdated model of disease and illness. Romanow and Marchildon are to be applauded for their broad conceptualization of health and the role of various health professionals in advancing the health of Canadians. Unfortunately, this recognition did not make its way into the report of the CFHCC to the extent needed to make Canada's health system truly progressive. The Commission on the Future of Health Care in Canada (CFHCC) was a very important social policy initiative. It captured the attention of the public, the health-care sector and governments. The Commission faced formidable challenges with regard to both its objectives and time frame. The focus and attention given the Commission is in no small part an indication of the degree to which Canadians support their health-care system and the urgency they feel regarding its current state. Despite the challenges, the CFHCC produced a number of key recommendations that have begun to be implemented. The federal government has made a commitment to establish funding targets so as to ensure predictable and protected revenues for health. This represents a step toward ameliorating the chronic instability and underfunding for health care that has contributed to reduced access and deterioration in the quality of health services. Governance was also addressed through the CFHCC's prescriptions regarding the respective roles of federal and provincial health ministries and the establishment of a National Health Council. The Council has been formed and is expected to hold the health-care system accountable on spending, efficiency, and effectiveness. These are positive steps. The National Health Council in particular holds the promise of serving as a catalyst that can help to transform the way in which we conceptualize and approach health and health-care delivery in Canada. Reconceptualizing Health In describing the work of the CFHCC, Romanow and Marchilclon (2003) state that the "extremely short time frame meant that the recommendations could not cover the entire waterfront of longer-term issties, including the role of psychology in the health of Canadians" (p. 284). The need to consider the role of a given discipline in health-care delivery is outdated. For years scientific psychology has argued that treatment decisions, and by extension, funding decisions, should be based on a determination of what works for whom under what conditions. Canada's health-care system was built, and continues to revolve, around funding specific providers and services. All too often funding decisions are made independent of scientific evidence regarding efficacy. The exclusion, and more recently the elimination, of psychological services from universal health care is a case in point. To the detriment of Canadians, there exists an artificial chasm between physical and psychological health within Canada's health-care system. Yet, there is broad recognition within the scientific community that health is more than the absence of disease; it is a state of physical, mental, and social well-being (World Health Organization, WHO, 1948). …


Human Occupied Vehicle(HOV) is a typical system which is characterized by high nonlinearities,couplings,uncertainties and multi-stance 3D movement.It requires quite exact description and dynamic simulation research .In general,it is difficult to get precise dynamic model. this paper regards a certain HOV as research object, based on the HOV six degrees of freedom equations motion, simplified the present mathematical model of HOV space maneuvering motion , developed HOV motion simulation program by Matlab software,simulation were taken by choosing several typical motion states,the simulation results show that the HOV space motion mathematical model can reflect the HOV motion characteristics,also provide important basis for the design of HOV motion control system.


PURPOSE: To evaluate the growth-inhibitory effect of sulforaphane (SFN) and 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) against the proliferation of human high metastatic cell line of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACG-M). The expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) inducing resistance to anticancer chemotherapeutic agent was also detected. METHODS: The combination effect of SFN and 5-Fu was quantitatively determined using the method of median effect principle and the combination index. The NF-κB p65 expression after treatment with the SFN-5-Fu combination was also evaluated by Western blotting analysis. Statistical comparison was performed by Student's t test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), using SFSS 10.0 Software Package. RESULTS: The IC50s for SFN and 5-Fu in ACC-M cells were 38.58±4.97 μmol/L and 120.90±12.96 μmol/L, respectively. Treatment of ACCs cells with SFN and 5-Fu in combination, led to synergistic inhibition on cell growth and a decreased expression of NF-κB p65 protein. When the two drugs were combined, the level of NF-KB p65 protein expression was decreased almost 5-fold (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate synergism between SFN and 5-Fu against the proliferation of ACC-M cells, which is associated with the decreased expression of NF-κB p65 protein. Supported by Postdoctorate Foundation of Heilongjiang Province.


Streets represent a significant part of the public space in urban areas and cater to our functional, social and leisure needs. The biggest competitive advantage of the neighbourhood commercial street is its ability to support social interaction as a part of the daily routine. Numerous characteristics have been previously associated with good urban design of the street. This paper emphasizes the need for researchers to view the experience of the street especially from the users' perspective. Using extensive behaviour mapping and user interviews this paper focuses on identifying the specific characteristics that support social interaction on neighbourhood commercial streets. The findings expand our understanding of what we consider the realm of design and suggest specific physical and land-use characteristics, and their management that are important in supporting social interaction on neighbourhood commercial streets.


The construction of harmonious university is an important part in the construction of socialist harmonious society.University should stick to the guidance of scientific development,combining with practice,overall planning and in the process of constructing socialist harmonious society,construct socialist harmonious university and promote the harmonious development of both university and society.


In order to study the influence of accidental leakage of liquid chlorine cylinder and chlorine diffusion, a 3D model of liquid chlorine cylinder for leakage diffusion is established according to the actual situation of chemical enterprises. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, numerical simulation for chlorine diffusion in open space is carried out, and the influence of velocity on the leakage and diffusion of chlorine is discussed. Computing method is quantified by simulation results and poisoning accidents. Individual risk and social risk are used to characterize the risk size of the risk acceptor exposed to a particular risk field, which serve as a basis for determining whether the risk can be accepted. The results show that the external wind speed has a great influence on the chlorine leakage and diffusion process. The risk of death at each monitoring point gradually increases with time, and then the growth rate became stable.


351 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number:F10590476S519/19 ©BEIESP Abstract: Enhanced socialization activities by individuals over online social networking platforms, marketers have found themselves a great opportunity to engage in peer to peer (P2P) communication via electronic word of mouth.The three behavioural dimensions highlighted in past literature about electronic word of mouth are information pass along behaviour, opinion giving and seeking behaviour. In order to study the association between social relationships and eWOM (Electronic word of mouth) in online social network websites one of the prominent social relationships of interpersonal influencehas been selected, because it acts as a major factor in decision making by consumers. Keeping the same in mind interpersonal influence has been considered, to study its relationship with electronic word of mouth in online social network sites. For abetter understanding of thestated relationship, three constituents of interpersonal influence i.e. value expressive, utilitarian & informational influence have been considered.


Firstly, this paper analyzed the understanding of the relationship between files and archives in different countries and regions, then argued that the transformation of documents into files needs to meet certain conditions, finally based on the different definitions and concepts analyzed the corresponding relationship between files and archives from the broad and narrow perspectives to ensure the objectivity and authenticity of the understanding of the relationship between files and archives.


Collins (1973), in a major systematic study of the Upper Cretaceous cirripeds of the eastern Gulf Coast, described four species of Cretiscalpellum, four of Arcoscalpellum, one of Virgiscalpellum (with two subspecies), and one of Brachylepas. In a companion paper, Mellen (1973) analyzed the stratigraphic and geographic distribution of these species and established the following biostratigraphic zones (Figure 1):


This paper analyzes the factors affecting the accuracy of extension of detonators in a new way——high-speed photography and microscope.It mainly analyzes the chief factors with the photos of the burning of igniting gunpowder and extension,and by comparison the microscopic combustion profile.It puts forward a new way of researching the accuracy of the extension of detonators.


Today most of the non-communicable diseases have higher prevalence. Sthaulya (obesity or overweight) is one of them. This disorder has constituted a most important epidemic in the initial decades of the 21st century. Taking into consideration this fact a randomized clinical study was carried out with an aim to study the clinical efficacy of "Bilvadi Panchmool Ghanvati" in the management of Sthaulya (obesity). Amongst these, 15 patients were treated with Bilvadi Panchmool Ghanvati compound in the dose of 2 gram (4 tablets of 500 mg) 3 times a day with Madhudak before meal. The duration of treatment was 8 weeks with follow‑up for 4 weeks after the completion of treatment. Analysis of the overall effects showed that Bilvadi Panchmool Ghanvati provided marked reduction in weight, body mass index, and other signs and symptoms in patients of Sthaulya .


BACKGROUND
Catheter-related infections are a major problem for hemodialysis patients with central venous catheters for vascular access. Catheter lock solutions containing an anticoagulant are used to maintain the patency of the catheter between hemodialysis sessions. There is evidence that the use of lock solutions containing an antibiotic is associated with lower rates of infection but also that these solutions can kill microbes in colonized catheters and thus avoid the risks and costs associated with replacing the catheter.

OBJECTIVE
This stability study was conducted to determine whether an extemporaneously prepared gentamicin-citrate catheter lock solution would retain its potency over time, thus allowing for advance preparation of the solution.

METHODS
Catheter lock solutions containing gentamicin alone, citrate alone, and the combination of gentamicin and citrate were prepared aseptically and packaged in polyethylene syringes. The syringes were stored at room temperature. At timed intervals over 112 days, samples were withdrawn for analysis by means of validated high-performance liquid chromatography.

RESULTS
None of the 3 lock solutions showed any evidence of degradation during the 112-day observation period. In the formulation containing both gentamicin 2.5 mg/mL and sodium citrate 40 mg/mL (4%), there was no change in the concentration of either gentamicin (p = 0.34) or citrate (p = 0.55). Linear regression analysis of the concentration-time data for the combined formulation showed that 99.97% of the labelled amount of gentamicin and 101.30% of the labelled amount of citrate remained at day 112. The lower limit of the 95% confidence intervals indicated that more than 98.17% of the gentamicin and more than 99.57% of the citrate remained on day 112.

CONCLUSION
The results of this study will allow pharmacies to extemporaneously compound the combined gentamicin-citrate catheter lock solution in advance of use. The method described here will yield a stable product for use in clinical applications.


The thermal contribution to the chiral vortical effect is believed to be related to the axial anomaly in external gravitational fields. We use the universality of the spin-gravity interaction to extend this idea to a wider set of phenomena. We consider the Kubo formula at weak coupling for the spin current of a vector field and derive a novel anomalous effect caused by the medium rotation: the chiral vortical effect for bosons. The effect consists in a spin current of vector bosons along the angular velocity of the medium. We argue that it has the same anomalous nature as in the fermionic case and show that this effect provides a mechanism for helicity transfer, from flow helicity to magnetic helicity.


Deep learning techniques are more and more used for automatic classification of corneal ulcer. A modified VGG framework for corneal ulcer classification was proposed to realize feature fusion by observing feature graphs in this work. Before the modified VGG model training, the data preprocessing methods of masks, AHE, normalization and data augmentation to corneal ulcer images were done. The weighted categorical cross entropy was selected as the loss function during the modified model training. Experiments showed that the modified VGG network had fewer parameters and better performance compared with the traditional CNN network. Finally, the modified VGG network achieved classification accuracy of 88.89%, sensitivity of 71.93%, precision of 92.27%, and F1 score of 71.39%.


The author was conduct decomposition on the manual test process of traditional.For use the computer to achieve online examination system functions、 relational data model design、automatic composition of test papers algorithms,online exams and score algorithms,to conduct analysis and research,and establishment a corresponding algorithm.The paper was to lay a theoretical foundation for the design and achieve of software on online examination system.


In this paper an application of constraint logic programming (CLP) to the resolution of nesting problems is presented. Nesting problems are a special case of the cutting and packing problems, in which the pieces generally have non-convex shapes. Due to their combinatorial optimization nature, nesting problems have traditionally been tackled by heuristics and in the recent past by meta-heuristics. When trying to formulate nesting problems as linear programming models, to achieve global optimal solutions, the difficulty of dealing with the disjunction of constraints arises. On the contrary, CLP deals easily with this type of relationships among constraints. A CLP implementation for the nesting problem is described for convex and non-convex shapes. The concept of no-fit polygon is used to deal with the geometric constraints inherent to all cutting and packing problems. Computational results are presented.


Since the early 1970s there have been many positive developments in the education of Aboriginal Australian children as well as education about Aboriginal society, past and present, for all children. We only have to look at such developments as Aboriginal Secondary Grants, Study Grants, home-school liaison, language programs, (e.g. Van Leer or the bilingual programs), family support/counselling (e.g. the Inala Family Project), Aboriginal Education Consultative groups at local, regional, state and national levels. The list of positive developments appears to be endless. Certainly teachers, schools and State Departments of Education have consulted with Aboriginal groups to develop policy statements about Aboriginal Education/Aboriginal Studies in schools. Money has been spent on employing (and sometimes training) Aboriginal teaching assistants; Aboriginal schools have received some support and in areas such as the Northern Territory and Northern Queensland, efforts are underway to decentralise education. In a very real sense giant steps appear to have been made in Aboriginal education over the past ten years or so. If we are really honest, however, the results of these giant steps remain comparatively disappointing. Thus, although we know that Aboriginal children stay at schools for longer now than they did during the 1960s, the proportion who actually complete senior high school at a satisfactory level is small. For example, in the North West Region of New South Wales, only 11 Aboriginal students were enrolled in Year 12 at the beginning of 1981. See Table 1 for further information. In that same year, 224 Aboriginal students entered high school throughout the region. If the 1981 patterns of enrolment for Year 12 persist, then only 5% of the 224 children who started high school will actually complete the program. These figures are not encouraging, particularly as non-Aboriginal students' enrolment patterns indicate that 29% of those who begin high school actually make it to Year 12.


In all kinds of infrastructure, the importance of water conservancy project is beyond doubt. Whether in production activities or daily life, water conservancy projects can have a very important impact. However, in the process of construction and use, dam leakage has been one of the important reasons for the rapid reduction of the safety and service life of water conservancy facilities. In order to prevent and control this problem, this paper makes a detailed study on the dike seepage prevention technology and its application in the construction process. Through this study, we hope to help water conservancy construction enterprises to further improve the level of dam seepage, improve the quality and safety of water conservancy projects.


In recent decades, there has been considerable interdisciplinary debate around the theories of scenography, but less so around the practices of scenography. This article revisits scenography to reposition it as a contemporary design discipline, with a reminder that its history is embedded
 in the traditions of art theory and philosophy. Using Isabelle Stengers' 'Introductory notes on an ecology of practices' as an opportunity to rethink the practice of scenography, a project is revisited, under the rubric 'design fiction'. This project 'Burying
 the Narrative' is presented as a source of conceptual and theoretical encounter as several objects are buried under the ground. This was a tactic to deliberately disassociate scenography from traditional conventions and methodologies. Design practice is considered an integral part of
 the ecosystem of theatre and performance, and certainly in the early stages of a project, clever manoeuvres give rise to creative speculations.


Despite the stunning diversity of historical inquiry, history as a discipline is bound together by an overriding concern with time, and hence with periodization. Even historians who frequently pilfer insights and interpretations from other disciplines tend instinctively to rebel against "ahistorical" treatments that flout basic chronological considerations. This fact of disciplinary life is unlikely to change, despite all the epistemological shifts of recent years in the human sciences. However, Russian history, like other historical fields, has often gone beyond such basic and legitimate concerns to make something of a fetish out of the historical period. There are both intellectual and institutional reasons for this, and it is rarely considered how the two are intertwined. A fetish of the historical period? By this we mean both the deeply-ingrained reluctance to cross major chronological barriers in historical work and the division of Russianists into guilds of Muscovite, imperial, and Soviet historians. There are many important boundaries in the course of Russian history, but the two that loom the largest in our professional lives are those that divide the Muscovite from the imperial periods (1700, for convenience) and the imperial from the Soviet (1917). As Gary Marker recently noted in these pages about the first of those markers, "dating the dawn of Russian modernity with Peter and the imperial state endures because it makes so much sense ..." Not everyone, he adds, believes the Petrine revolution was a good thing, "but they all agree that the rupture took place." Marker then exclaims: "Who am I to argue with that? Certainly no new periodizations are looming, and none will be suggested here. Nevertheless, state-and-ruler-centered history, like all commanding narratives, necessarily imposes certain blinders."1 The division imposed by 1917, it hardly needs to be pointed out, has loomed even larger than the Petrine "revolution," in part because that 20th-century rupture from the outset revolved around far more than the advent of a new state. There have been social, economic, cultural, and intellectual rationales, in addition to the political bases, for making strong divisions between the Muscovite and the imperial as well as the imperial and the Soviet eras. Then there are the most prosaic factors of archival organization. There was a good degree of continuity both in terms of ministerial structure and personnel over the course of 7 November 1917. This continuity is occluded in part because


ABSTRACT Since its first description, only a single undisputed specimen, an isolated, highly abraded m1, was known from the enigmatic amphicyonid Agnotherium antiquum Kaup, 1833. Here, we describe the second specimen of A. antiquum from the type locality of Eppelsheim (early late Miocene, MN 9/10 of Germany), unearthed 184 years after the first description of A. antiquum. The specimen consists of a partial left juvenile mandible with dp3, m1 in eruption, i3, canine, p4, and a highly reduced m2 still in crypt. The p1–3 and m3 are completely reduced, as are the metaconids of m1 and m2. We confirm previous assignments of late Miocene specimens from the localities of Charmoille, Switzerland, and Pedregueras 2A, Spain, to A. antiquum, whereas a maxilla from Bled Douarah, Tunisia, can only tentatively be assigned to the species. We confirm that the monotypic genus Agnotherium is a thaumastocyonine amphicyonid, discuss other supposed thaumastocyonine specimens, and briefly review the evolutionary history of the subfamily. Agnotherium was a 275 kg, extremely powerful, strictly carnivorous ambush hunter that represents the apex of amphicyonid evolution toward carnivory. Its tooth eruption pattern resembles recent Ursus more than recent Canis, but it shows a considerable delay of eruption timing like in the ursid Agriotherium. Agnotherium antiquum is one of six carnivoran species from the Eppelsheim Formation that is heavier than 200 kg. The co-occurrence of Agnotherium (or its relatives Tomocyon and Thaumastocyon), Machairodus, and a smaller saber-toothed carnivoran is typical for early late Miocene faunas of Europe and tentatively North Africa.


We compared the effectiveness of five amphibian sampling methods in nine isolated wetlands in Baker County, Georgia, USA. Overall, aquatic funnel traps yielded the most species, although the number detected using frogloggers (automated frog call recording devices), funnel traps, dipnetting, and PVC pipe refugia was not significantly different among sampling techniques. We detected the same median number of species with funnel traps and frogloggers as with all five methods combined. Methods varied widely in their detection probabilities for individual species and life stages. Species occupancy estimates were strongly affected by method choice. Our results suggest that a combination of methods and prolonged sampling periods are necessary to detect the large number of species present in southeastern isolated wetlands. We recommend that future amphibian surveys in these habitats use a combination of floating funnel traps, frogloggers, and crayfish traps as sampling methods when an assessment of species richness is the objective of a study.


Automatic video surveillance is of critical importance to security in commercial, law enforcement, military, and many other environments due to terrorist activity and other social problems. Generally, motion detection plays an important role as the threshold function of background and moving objects in video surveillance systems. This paper proposes a novel motion detection method with a background model module and an object mask generation module. We propose a self-adaptive background matching method to select the background pixel at each frame with regard to background model generation. After generating the adaptive background model, the binary motion mask can be computed by the proposed object mask generation module that consists of the absolute difference estimation and the Cauchy distribution model. We analyze the detection quality of the proposed method based on qualitative visual inspection. On the other hand, quantitative accuracy measurement is also obtained by using four accuracy metrics, namely, Recall, Precision, Similarity, and F1 . Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in providing a promising detection outcome and a low computational cost.


Mud swelling is a problem of wasterwater treatment of active mud means,especially in treating high load petro-chemical wasterwater. The article analyse the cause of causing mud sewlling and up-floating,approaching the factor of nitration and poisonous matter of causing mud up-floating,advancing several countermeasures of controlling mud swelling and up-floating.


In this article, we investigate the problem of counting totally geodesic surfaces in the complement of hyperbolic knots with at most 9 crossings. Adapting previous counting techniques of boundary slope and intersection, we establish uniqueness of a totally geodesic surface for the knots $7_4$ and $9_{35}$. Extending an obstruction to the existence of totally geodesic surfaces due to Calegari, we show that there is no totally geodesic surface in the complement of 47 knots.


Leon J. Thai, M.D., is professor and chair of Neurosciences at the University of California at San Diego, where he directs the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and leads the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study, a national consortium of more than 80 centers funded by the National Institute on Aging to test promising drugs for Alzheimer's disease. He is one of the world's leading Alzheimer's disease investigators, and his efforts have significantly contributed to the understanding of the cause, prevention, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.


Ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) actuator can generate large and rapid deformation based on ion migration under a relatively low driving voltage. Under full hydrated conditions, the deformation is always prone to relaxation. At room humidity conditions, the deformation increases substantially at the early stage of actuation, and then decreases gradually. Generally, most researchers considered that the change of water content or relative humidity mainly leads to the deformation instabilities, which severely limits the practical applications of IPMC. In this Letter, a novel actuation mode is proposed to control the deformation behavior of IPMC by employing moisture as an independent or collaborative incentive source together with the electric field. The deformation response is continuously measured under electric field, electric field-moisture coupling stimulus and moisture stimulus. The result shows that moisture can be a favorable driving factor for IPMC actuation. Such an electric field-moisture coupling stimulus can avoid the occurrence of deformation instabilities and guarantee a superior controllable deformation in IPMC actuation. This research provides a new method to obtain stable and large deformation of IPMC, which is of great significance for the guidance of material design and application for IPMC and IPMC-type iEAP materials.


Salient-pole synchronous machines (SPSYM) combine a high power density with high efficiency over a wide speed range. In contrast to permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM), the field excitation can be controlled actively. Due to the adjustable excitation, flux-weakening is possible with reduced losses. The efficiency at partial load and at high speed can be improved. Furthermore, faults, such as short circuit currents, are easier to handle. These attributes qualify SPSYM as a promising alternative to PMSM for electrically powered vehicles. In order to achieve this additional degree of freedom, electrical power needs to be transferred to the rotating part of the motor. Established slip ring transmission systems are sensitive to ambient conditions such as humidity or impure contacts. Moreover, the limited reliability of contact based systems amplifies the desire to develop contactless transmission systems. In this paper, the electromagnetic design of a rotary transformer with a ferrite core intended to transfer the excitation current is discussed. High frequency effects (skin- and proximity effect), leakage inductances and the waveform of the transformer currents are considered in an automated design process. This process combines analytical calculations and 2D FEM simulations to determine an optimal design. In a final step, the calculated results are compared with measurements performed on a prototype.


The Ni-base WC composite coating was sprayed on the copper substrate by high velocity air fuel(HVAF).The microstructure change and the properties such as adhesion strength,hardness,and wear resistance of the coating before and after heat treatment were studied with X-ray diffraction instrument,optical microscope,SEM and MM-200 abrasion tester.The results show that the new phases appear with the temperature increase,the bonding between the coating and the substrate changes from mechanical into metallurgical,and both the hardness and wear resistance of the coating increase but there is no obvious linear relation.


On agricultural land, fresh water is needed especially for irrigation. Alternative ways to fulfill needs of fresh water is by utilizing wastewater from industry. Wastewater that produced in the industry in Surakarta is over flowing especially textile wastewater. Wastewater that produced from industry has many pollutants that affected decreasing fresh water quality for irrigation. Multi Soil Layering (MSL) is one of method that utilize the soil ability as main media by increasing its function of soil structure to purify wastewater, so it does not contaminate the environment and reusable. This research was purposed to know affectivity of organic materials (such as rice straw, baggase, sawdust, coconut fibre, and corncob) and dosage (5%, 10% and 25%) in MSL, also get alternative purification ways with easy and cheaper price as natural adsorbent. This study using field and laboratory experiment. The result shows that MSL can be an alternative method of purification of wastewater. The appropriate composition of organic materials that can be used as adsorbent is MSL with wood sawdust 10% dosage because it can increase pH, decrease the number of Cr, ammonia, and phosphate but less effective to decrease BOD and COD.


The following report covers a reconnaissance for radioactive materials that was made in parts of Maine, New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. It's primary objective was to examine the iron ore deposits and associated rocks in Adirondack Mountains of New York and the Highlands of New Jersey. Additionally, several deposits known or reported to contain radioactive minerals were examined to delimit their extent. However, most of the deposits examined are not significant as possible sources of radioactive elements and the data pertaining to them are summarized in tables provided.


Er2O3-Al2O3 film was deposited on the Si(001) substrate by radio frequency magnetron technique at room temperature.The samplewas annealed at 450,600 and 750 oC for 30 min in O2 ambience,respectively.The optical constants were studied by spectroscopic ellipsometryfor both the as-deposited and the annealed samples.The proper values of refractive index indicated that it could be a useful material for solar cells.


Currently a few hundreds nm dimension is employed to achieve visible and infrared light optical elements for optics field as nano-optics. On the other hand there are a lot of reports of nano-imprint experiment including under 50 nm for storage, bio-technology or semiconductor application. And one of the biggest advantages of nano-imprint is three dimensional fabrications at one imprint procedure. However already introduced two or three dimensional imprinted optical elements are either just confirming replication of conventional Fresnel optics or defect negligible lattice structure. Three dimensional nano-imprint mold (3D-mold) must have great potential for optics fabrication. The combination of 3D-mold and three dimensional nano-imprint method can create flexible optical behavior. Here practical fabrication trials for three dimensional photonic crystal waveguide with 3D-mold and nano-imprint technology are discussed. Particularly fabrication 3D-mold with quarts, nano-imprint methodology and waveguide structure with evaluation and simulation are focused.


The search for more effective therapeutic and prophylactic methods against cancer resulted in a great impact on the understanding of the immunological basis of oncology. The discovery of tumoral antigens and tumoral escape mechanisms from immunological surveillance revolutionized the comprehension of the role of the immune system on the tumoral genesis and its development. Proteins seem to be the key for the tumoral process, allowing a better understanding of the immune system as a fi nal check point of the neoplasic beginning, development and/or destruction. Therefore, tumoral proteins provide a potential pathway for the comprehension of its interaction and cellular evasion mechanisms, the search for new tumoral markers, and the production of an effective and non-restricted immunotherapy. This review has as its main objective to discuss the role of the immune system regarding the neoplasic development towards the production of an effective therapy and prophylaxis protocols as future tools for veterinary oncology