The significant increase of the Renewable Energy Sources (RES) has radically transformed the electricity generation system presenting many aspects to be studied and analyzed. RESs such as solar and wind are fluctuating and weather-driven sources, that can introduce consequences for the functioning and the quality of the delivered power to the end users. This paper aims to present a deep research of the impact, in terms of power quality, of the introduction of photovoltaic and wind generation into the Italian electric grid, that covers many different case studies since the variety of its topology depending on the geographical regions. A deep study, based on infield measurements data, of the correlation between power quality, in particular voltage sags, and renewable energy introduction is presented and discussed. Key-Words: Power Quality, Voltage Sags, Wind Farm, Photovoltaic System, Renewable Energy


This paper presents a descriptive analysis of the visibility of five emergents scientific journals about Communication, in its first two years online: Revista Mediterranea de Comunicacion; Fonseca, Journal of Communication; Miguel Hernandez Comnunication Journal, Revista Pangea y Fotocinema ; all driven since 2010 thanks to a project prepared by Sociedad Latina de Comunicacion Social (SLCS). The methodology is based on an analysis of cybermetric indicators that record the internal communication from of the authors and identify their visibility to four criteria: gender, nationality, academic degree and institution of affiliation of the authors of each publication. It generally aims to reflect about the role of science journals and the need for the emergence, development and growth of the same. Results are expected to open the debate on the importance that in its short life are these publications in the training of novice teachers and researchers, who find in emergent journals an open dialogue space scientist for their contributions.


Flexor tendon injuries of the hand represent a challenging clinical entity with significant functional implications. This comprehensive article delves into the intricate realm of flexor tendon injuries, shedding light on the pathophysiology, diagnostic approaches, and treatment modalities, with a primary focus on the surgical technique of tendinorrhaphy. The article commences with an exploration of the anatomy and biomechanics of flexor tendons, elucidating the pivotal role they play in hand function. It subsequently outlines the diverse etiologies that lead to tendon injuries, encompassing traumatic, iatrogenic, and spontaneous causes, while emphasizing the importance of prompt and accurate diagnosis through clinical assessment, imaging, and functional testing. A detailed exposition of the principles and techniques of tendinorrhaphy follows, elucidating the surgical intricacies involved in repairing damaged flexor tendons. The article discusses suture materials, repair methods, and rehabilitation protocols, highlighting the importance of postoperative care and meticulous hand therapy in optimizing outcomes. Furthermore, this article critically reviews emerging trends and innovations in the field, including the use of tissue engineering, biomaterials, and minimally invasive approaches, all of which hold promise for enhancing the management of flexor tendon injuries. In conclusion, this article offers a comprehensive overview of flexor tendon injuries in the hand and underscores the pivotal role of tendinorrhaphy as a cornerstone in their treatment. With a holistic perspective on the subject, it provides clinicians and researchers with a valuable resource to navigate the intricacies of this challenging clinical scenario and fosters ongoing advancements in the field of hand surgery.


We show that the nearby peculiar interacting galaxy NGC 2782 (Arp 215) harbors a clumpy molecular CO bar. The gas bar has a radius of ∼ 7.5″ (1.3 kpc), a mass of ∼ 2.4 x 109 M⨀, and leads a nuclear stellar bar of similar extent (Jogee et al. 1997b). We estimate the gravitational torque exerted by the nuclear stellar bar and find large gas inflow rates (≫ 1 M⨀ yr-1) into the central 200 pc where the starburst activity peaks. We suggest that the nuclear gas bar will disappear on timescales ranging from few x 108 years to a Gyr, under the effect of star formation, dynamical friction, and gravitational torque. We also show that NGC 2782 harbors a starburstdriven outflow with a remarkable bubble morphology that has not been observed to date in any other starburst galaxy of comparable luminosity (Jogee et al. 1997a). The outflow is driving hot, warm, and possibly cold phases of the ISM out of the central kpc. The estimated outflow rate is less than the inflow rate, and this suggests the dynamical mass in the inner 100 pc might increase by several folds within a Gyr. These results might be relevant to theory (Shlosman et al. 1989) and simulations (Friedli & Martinet 1993) which propose nuclear bars and 'bars within bars' as efficient mechanisms for fueling central starbursts/AGNs.


The formation energy g+ of an individual cation vacancy in LiF and NaCl has been measured by means of the temperature dependence of the electrical signals produced by push‐pull deformation of bent crystals and application of the theory of charged dislocations. For LiF: g+=0.74±0.04 eV at 680°K. For NaCl: g+=0.75±0.04 eV at 627°K and 0.72±0.04 eV at 761°K. A comparison with other published results for NaCl reveals some unexplained disagreement.


In this paper, grid multi-scroll chaotic attractors are firstly generated. The maximum Lyapunov exponent is further calculated to prove the existence of chaos in designed system. An improved module-based circuit is designed for realizing 5×3 grid scroll chaotic attractors, and the experimental results are also obtained, which is consistent with the numerical simulations.


In the Islamic West, urban elites owned recreational farms usually located on the outskirts of cities, but also at points at some distance from the urban area, which often combined the productive purpose with that of temporary residence for the recreation and solace of their owners. We know of some residential or palatine buildings belonging to almunias associated with sultans. However, there are still many questions about this type of farms to which neither written sources nor archaeology have succeeded in providing answers. Since the study of aristocratic property, and thus of the elites, is one of the pillars of social and historical analysis and little attention has been paid to the case of al-Andalus in spite of the fact that we have in recent years had access to new evidence, we consider it pertinent to gather together the information, both archaeological and documentary, related to the aristocratic exploitation and settlement in the urban hinterland of Andalusi Murcia.


The recursion relations obtained by applying the renormalization group technique to a finite one‐dimensional Ising chain with nearest‐neighbor interaction and constant external magnetic field are decoupled and solved in closed form.


Essential oils constituents are a diverse family of low molecular weight organic compounds with comprehensive biological activity. According to their chemical structure these active compounds can be divided into four major groups: terpenes, terpenoids, phenylpropenes, and "others". In addition, they may contain diverse functional groups according to which they can be classified as hydrocarbons (monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and aliphatic hydrocarbons); oxygenated compounds (monoterpene and sesquiterpene alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and other oxygenated compounds); and sulfur and/or nitrogen sulfur-containing compounds (thioesters, sulfides, isothiocyantes, nitriles, and others). Compounds that act as cholinesterase inhibitors still represent the only pharmacological treatment of Alzheimer´s disease. Numerous in vitro studies showed that some compounds, found in essential oils, have a promising cholinesterase inhibitory activity, such as α-pinene, δ-3-carene, 1,8-cineole, carvacrol, thymohydroquinone, α- and β-asarone, anethole, etc. This review summarizes the most relevant research published to date on essential oil constituents and their acetylcholinesterase/butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory potential as well as their structure related activity, synergistic and antagonistic effects.


In order to understand the effects of different processing and different storage time on quality of Camellia oleifera seed oil, and to provide a theoretical and technological basis for rational selection and controlling processing in production and available selection and using C. oleifera seed oil in consuming. Three different kinds of C. oleifera seed oil were taken as raw materials, including pressed crude oil, extracted crude oil and refined oil. The main physicochemical indexes, composition and contents of fatty acids as well as changes in different years were analyzed and compared. The results showed that there were very significant differences between acid value, iodine value, saponification value and peroxide value in the three kinds of oils, and the differences in refractive indexes were significant. Composition and relative contents of the fatty acids in the three kinds of oils were almost the same, and oleic acid occupied the most of the percentage(over 74%). Followed by palmitic acid(13%-14%), and then was the linoleic acid(about 7%-9%). All unsaturated fatty acid contents in the three kinds of oils were more than 84%, and it in the refined oil was the highest, followed by the pressed crude oil, and that in the extracted crude oil content was the lowest. Monounsaturated fatty acid content in the pressed crude oil was the highest, up to 76.967%, followed by the refined oil(76.646%), and that in the extracted crude oil was the lowest(75.066%). Polyunsaturated fatty acid content in the extracted crude oil was the highest, up to 9.300%, followed by the refined oil(8.000%), and that in the pressed crude oil was the lowest(7.433%). The pressed crude oil of C. oleifera seed produced in different years, had some changes in the relative content of fatty acid, and thus oil quality and stability in storage were affected.


THE IMPACT OF SHIFTING FROM HOW TEACHERS TEACH TO HOW CHILDREN LEARN was investigated by Linek, Fleener, Fazio, Raine, and Klakamp. Results from a collaboration between a public school district and a university suggest a heightened awareness for teachers, improved teacher performance, and increased student achievement. University faculty, public school teachers, and preservice teachers improved from an acceptable level in 1993/94 to an exemplary status during the 5-year study.


In consultation with her/his M.A. advisor, the student will choose 4 of the following 5 Areas. These four areas will be covered on the M.A. Exam. The finalized list, which should include full bibliographic details for each work selected, will then be signed by the student, her/his MA advisor, her/his committee members, and the departmental Graduate Studies Director. For further information on examination procedures, see the FLCL M.A. "Policies and Procedures" document, http://www.fll.vt.edu/MA/programs/Policies_procedures.pdf.


Abstract Relative reactivity of cyclic ethers, including epoxide, oxetane, tetrahydrofuran, and tetrahydropyran, was evaluated with their basicity and free energy of polymerization. The logarithm of relative reactivity, 1/rn , of m-membered ring ethers with i substituents to n-membered ring monomers with j substituents can be expressed by a linear combination of the differences in basicity, Δ(pKb)m·i-n·j, and in free energy, Δ(ΔG)m·i-n·j + γ where, α, β, and γ are constants. The changes in basicity and free energy of these compounds can be obtained as Here ak and bk (k = m, n) are constants, σ* is the polar substituent constant by Taft, and Δ(X)(m-n)·2(CH3) (X = ΔG, pKb) are the differences in basicity and free energy between dimethyl-substituted compounds of m- and n-membered rings, respectively.


An analysis of aggregation and breakup mechanics of particles under a shear flow was carried out based on the experimental data.The particle-aggregation experience growing and breakup phases during the aggregation process and the main inflection factors in the growing process are coagulant,G value and pH value of the solution.G value,an energy concept was put forward to represent the magnitude of the shear flow.Also,estimate methods and physical significance of G value in different flow conditions were given in the paper.Finally,three special phenomena appeared in the initial stage of fast mixing were discussed, which were mutation,attenuation and concussion.


The article presents the results of studies on the effects of citric acid on the female's body. The studies were performed on white laboratory rats of the Wistar line, which at the age of 3 - 3.5 months with a body weight of 192 - 210 g were divided into two groups of 4 individuals in each. The animals of the experimental group were fed by citric acid at a concentration of 80 mg/l of drinking water during the period physiological and puberty, fertilization and pregnancy. A control group of female rats was fed by water. The animals had free access to drinkers and food. Indicators of embryogenesis, leukocyte profile of blood and body weight of animals, weighting factor, histological changes of the liver were determined.
Female rats were found to have no abortions or premature births, however, the number of corpora lutea of pregnancy decreased by 19.2%, although there was no significant difference in control. The number of implantation sites per female was significantly lower by 28.8%. The mortality rate of embryos was 15.8%, which is 3.8 times higher than in intact animals. Regarding white blood cells, the analysis of the results indicates a tendency to increase the percentage of eosinophils in 2 times in the relation to the animals in the control group on the background of a probable increase in leukocytes by 42.4%.
The applied dose of citric acid caused certain changes in the macro- and microstructure of the liver. It is macroscopically established that under the influence of citric acid the organ is slightly enlarged, sluggish consistency and changed its color from light red to light brown. The relative weighting factors of the liver are probably higher in the relation to the control (52.12 ± 8.16 g/kg vs 43.38 ± 1.96 g/ kg).
The results of morphological studies indicate a partial violation of the lamellar structure of the organ in the centro-lobular region, which is due to turbid swelling of the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. In most cells, the contours are blurred, the cytoplasm is poorly stained, their nuclei are weakly basophilic, and hepatocytes with a lysed nucleus in a necrobiosis condition also occur. However, among dystrophic altered cells are clearly isolated hepatocytes with a uniformly colored basophilic cytoplasm, nucleus, rich in chromatin, which indicated the activation of reparative processes. Kupffer cells in this area are mostly round, located in the lumen of the sinusoid. Therefore, occurs a violation of lipoprotein complexes of cells and increase the permeability of cell membranes, which is reflected in the development of protein dystrophy with varying degrees of severity. Activation of reparative processes of hepatocytes is also determined.


Segalen, Francis Ponge, Eugène Guillevic, and Henry David Thoreau. What distinguishes these writers, he argues, is a desire to inspire the formation of a different relationship with place, one that is more unified and that represents an integral part of real, accessible locations in the natural world. This contrasts with a more traditional role for place (and the natural world in particular) in poetry, where its function is often to represent a dramatic site of epiphanic and subjective revelations. For this reason Winspur pays particular attention to 'endroits ignorés, ou éloignés de la plupart des chemins' (p. 28) in order to illustrate how the reader may reconnect through poetry with those places of transition and movement that may initially appear devoid of meaning but are in fact reminders of how all places have their own lives. Much poetic writing of place traditionally imitated the rhythms of walking. The reader was thereby invited to become an ambulatory partner through text and place. The authors examined may at first appear to continue in this tradition, but it is more accurate to speak of 'errance', or a poetic writing that itself replicates impulsive wandering. In the case of Segalen's Stèles, for instance, Winspur explains how this possibility to perceive things differently is pushed to extremes when we are asked to see the poems as models of 'une existence substantielle, en dehors de tout système symbolique' (p. 32) that calls out to the reader across the landscape described, but also across the page. All four writers also force us to confront the 'materiality' of nature, and the humble yet infinitely complex role it plays in daily life. To this end the volume's middle section, 'Les notations d'un corps spacieux', deals primarily with the issue of language, and in particular its role in conveying 'silence'. Segalen's Thibet in particular demonstrates the ways in which auditory experience is privileged over verbal comprehension. Reading poetry becomes 'une écoute patiente des bruissements divers de la matière qui entoure un promeneur en pleine campagne' (p. 98). The volume's final section, 'Ici vu d'ailleurs', examines new ways of seeing and relating to places near and far. Returning to the notion of the echoes and reverberations of the natural world that call out to us in a way that makes us realize our own integral connection with place, Winspur underlines the transformative effect this writing has on the reader. 'La poésie du lieu' is said to function like a compass, the use of which readers discover after a period of initial confusion. Winspur's close textual analysis of these writers' individual texts is informed and penetrating, and he illustrates compellingly the ways in which the works discussed allow readers to (re)discover, in an active process encouraged by the text, the natural world and their place in it.


This paper presents Delfos, a model for multi-temporal analysis based on historical contexts. The article describes the model architecture, implementation, and tests with two real datasets to evaluate the functionality and its potential to real applications. The first scenario used historical data from an electric power transmission substation, and the second with data from the performance analysis of futsal athletes. The results obtained through inference rules perform with 100% accuracy of the Profiles creation and that these are a better representation of the present, than only the current context data of the application. The results on the prediction of contexts were relevant in the case of the existence of behavior patterns in the contexts of the analyzed entities. For the application related to the electric power transmission substation, the assertiveness was between 86% and 92% in a 12-hour interval. In the application of performance analysis of futsal athletes, we made predictions about the athletes movement, with results varying between 72% and 92% for the time of up to 20 seconds. The results were encouraging and show potential for implementing Delfos in real-life situations.


The essential oil of Achillea millefolium is commonly used in folk medicine for the treatment of several diseases and has been demonstrated previously to exert an in vitro antimicrobial activity against human pathogens. Current study investigates the genotoxic activity of A. millefolium oil. The oil's major constituents are: chamazulene (42.15%), sabinene (19.72%), terpin‐4‐ol (5.22%), β‐caryophyllene (4.44%) and eucalyptol (3.10%), comprising 74.63% of the total. The oil's genotoxic evaluation was performed at concentrations of 0.13 µL/mL, 0.19 µL/mL and 0.25 µL/mL with a heterozygous diploid strain of Aspergillus nidulans, named A757//UT448, with green conidia. A statistically significant increasing number of yellow and white mitotic recombinants, per colony, of the diploid strain was reported after oil treatment with 0.19 µL/mL and 0.25 µL/mL concentrations. The genotoxicity of the oil was associated with the induction of mitotic non‐disjunction or crossing‐over by oil. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


We study Frobenius sandwiches in positive characteristic globally and locally from the viewpoint of Frobenius splitting and F -singularities. Let X be a smooth variety over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic p > 0. A Frobenius sandwich of X is a normal variety Y through which the (relative) Frobenius morphism of X factors as F : X → Y → X. Although X and its Frobenius sandwich Y have the same underlying space in the Zariski topology, it happens that they have very different structures as algebraic varieties. For example, Y may be singular even if X is smooth. More surprisingly, there is a Frobenius sandwich of the projective plane P 2 whose minimal resolution is a uniruled surface of general type called a Zariski


This paper reviews the principles of thermoelectric energy harvesters and discusses the development of a new type of nanostructured thermoelectric generator, fabricated by combining silicon microfabrication techniques, electroplating and submicron ion-track nanolithography. Ion-track etched polyimide nanotemplates (30–100nm pore diameters) are used to grow Bi2Te3 nanowires by electroplating. Microstructural and thermoelectric properties of Bi2Te3 thin electroplated film are reported.


In two-year field studies amongst three aphid species studied L. erysimi was recorded maximum percentage of alate aphid catches i.e., 66.15% and 83.33% during the 1st and 2nd year in the month of February, respectively. Correlation co-efficient showed significant positive correlation values (0.821) with maximum temperature and significant negative correlation values (0.805) with minimum temperature.


[Extract] The crustacean order Decapoda is characterised by having five pairs of legs, as its name describes. The pairs of legs of a decapod often vary in form and function from anterior to posterior, with the anterior legs typically being more involved in feeding. Often one or more pairs of legs have chelae: pincer-like structures at the appendage tip that are formed by the terminal segment articulating with a projecting 'finger' from the second last segment (Fig. 22.1).


AbstractCommon probabilistic scores are used to evaluate the performance and reliability of interpolated rainfall scenarios based on geostatistics. The kriging variance is used jointly with the best linear unbiased estimator at the interpolation sites to render an ensemble of rainfall depth at each time step, providing dynamic information about the uncertainty of the interpolated field. Tests are conducted with rainfall data, extending from June 1, 2000, to October 31, 2005, from 50 stations located in the Saint Lawrence Valley, Canada. Three categories of variograms are examined: automated variograms that change at each time step; variable variograms that associate an average variogram to a specific interval of mean areal rainfall; and unique variograms, which are averages over the whole series. Simple, ordinary, and universal kriging are also examined. Rainfall scenarios constructed from automated variograms, simple kriging, and 30 neighboring stations presented acceptable sharpness and overall performa...


We explore the contribution of the Gaia-Sausage to the stellar halo of the Milky Way by making use of a Gaussian Mixture model (GMM) and applying it to halo star samples of LAMOST K giants, SEGUE K giants, and SDSS blue horizontal branch stars. The GMM divides the stellar halo into two parts, of which one represents a more metal-rich and highly radially biased component associated with an ancient, head-on collision referred to as the Gaia-Sausage, and the other one is a more metal-poor and isotropic halo. A symmetric bimodal Gaussian is used to describe the distribution of spherical velocity of the Gaia-Sausage, and we find that the mean absolute radial velocity of the two lobes decreases with Galactocentric radius. We find that the Gaia-Sausage contributes about 41%− 74% of the inner (Galactocentric radius rgc < 30 kpc) stellar halo. The fraction of stars of the Gaia-Sausage starts to decline beyond rgc ∼ 25−30 kpc, and the outer halo is found to be significantly less influenced by the Gaia-Sausage than the inner halo. After the removal of halo substructures found by integrals of motion, the contribution of the Gaia-Sausage falls slightly within rgc ∼ 25 kpc, but is still as high as 30%− 63%. Finally, we select several possible Sausage-related substructures consisting of stars on highly eccentric orbits. The GMM/Sausage component agrees well with the selected substructure stars in their chemodynamical properties, which increases our confidence in the reliability of the GMM fits.


FAMILY autonomy and children's rights issues involve subtle empirical and moral problems. The empirical issues relate to childhood judgmental capacities both in general and in specific contexts. The moral issues are wide-ranging and relate to some of the most fundamental issues in moral philosophy and social policy. While the impetus for much of the social interest in children's rights issues is the depressing statistic of child abuse and neglect, the continuous rethinking of social relationships in general and a concern for social justice have also contributed to the intensity of the debate and the range of the alternatives proposed. Legal and social institutions are increasingly integrating children's expressions of their preferences into the catalog of interests that institutions take as carrying weight.' This reflects a reevaluation of the child's social status as something more than an extension of parental interests. While this reevaluation is commendable, it calls into question the place of the child in the family-the child's primary environment. In what follows I want to focus on the relationship between parents and children, especially pre-adolescent and early adolescent children. The particular points I wish to develop can be summarized as follows: There is apparently good evidence that the judgmental capacities of children through age fourteen suffer biases that are significant and germane to autonomy issues; however, such biases have no immediate public policy implications because we lack a precise theory supporting any baseline


The objective of this study is to assess the successful of The Pollution Controlling and Water Quality Improvement Project at Sungai Raja Alor Setar, Kedah. This project is a part of actions over The Integrated River Basin Management (IBRM) in Sungai Raja. The study focuses on the assessment of the increase on Water Quality Index (WQI) and the behavior of the river users in which both of these aspects are parts of indicators toward the successful of the project objectives achievement. This study employ a descriptive qualitative approach in which the results of the study are concluded based on assessment over the results of analyses on water quality executed by the "Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran (JPS) Negeri Kedah" and based on observations over the behavior of food stall owners, site walking visitors, and housing owners as the users of Sungai Raja. The study results show that WQI at Sungai Raja is fluctuated as an indication of the existence of unknown pollution sources, or probably, an indication that the efforts by JPS to improve the quality of the river do not meet the suitable approaches. In addition, the study results show that the behavior of some of food stalls owner have meet the level of awareness to protect the river from pollutants. On the other hand, efforts are required to increase the awareness and to enforce rules and regulations over site walking visitors and housing owners in order to safeguard Sungai Raja from pollution and deterioration.


Measurements have been made of the energies of electrons ejected from autoionizing states of neon following excitation by low-energy electron impact. Singly and doubly excited states with energies in the range 43-46 eV were studied using a resolution and signal level which enabled previously unobserved structure to be detected. Ejected-electron spectra measured down to about 1.5 eV above the excitation threshold show a shift in energy of some of the structure as the excess energy above the excitation threshold is reduced. This is interpreted as a post-collision interaction between the ejected electron and the low-energy scattered electron.


Although nonsubsampled Contourlet transform (NSCT) has resolved the Shift-invariant limitation of Contourlet transform(CT), the filter width of nonsubsampled pyramidal decomposition in NSCT increases too fast because of binary zero insertion à trous algorithm that can cause border distortion and energy aliasing in image transform domain. This aliasing can be further amplified in the subsequent nonsubsampled directional filter, so there are obvious aliasings and amazing redundancy in SNCT. In this paper, a new approximate shift-invariant non-aliasing pyramidal decomposition was proposed to replace the à trous algorithm nonsubsampled pyramidal de composition in the NSCT, So a new approximate shift-invariant non-aliasing nonsubsampled Contourlet transform(NANSCT) was constructed. Compared to the NSCT, the basis image of the NANSCT has better spatial domain regularity, frequency domain localization and decreased redundancy. The experimental results show that whether PSNR index or in visual effect, the proposed scheme outperforms the traditional CT hard threshold denoising, Contourlet domain HMT denoising and the NSCT hard threshold denoising, and can achieve an excellent balance between suppressing noise effectively and preserving as many image details and edges as possible.


Split-pixel HDR sensor technology is particularly advantageous in automotive applications, because the images are captured simultaneously rather than sequentially, thereby reducing motion blur. However, split pixel technology introduces artifacts in MTF measurement. To achieve a HDR image, raw images are captured from both large and small sub-pixels, and combined to make the HDR output. In some cases, a large sub-pixel is used for long exposure captures, and a small sub-pixel for short exposures, to extend the dynamic range. The relative size of the photosensitive area of the pixel (fill factor) plays a very significant role in the output MTF measurement. Given an identical scene, the MTF will be significantly different, depending on whether you use the large or small sub-pixels i.e. a smaller fill factor (e.g. in the short exposure sub-pixel) will result in higher MTF scores, but significantly greater aliasing. Simulations of split-pixel sensors revealed that, when raw images from both sub-pixels are combined, there is a significant difference in rising edge (i.e. black-to-white transition) and falling edge (white-to-black) reproduction. Experimental results showed a difference of ~50% in measured MTF50 between the falling and rising edges of a slanted edge test chart.


A novel theoretical approach is developed for treating energy transfer interactions between a donor and an acceptor molecule in the proximity of a nanoshell. Motivated from the diverse applications and rich plasmonic features of plasmonic nanoshell for example, tuning capability of Surface Plasmon (SP) frequencies, greater sensitivity to the dielectric environment, and controllable redirection of EM radiation, closed form expressions are derived for the amplification factor of nanoshell mediated intermolecular energy transfer. Closed form expressions derived in this manuscript can directly be used as formula for; designing SP based biosensors, calculating energy exchange between proteins and excitonic interactions in Quantum Dots (QDs).


A gesture consists of a sequence of continuous elements, typically strokes, which are performed in a sequential time order. To detect a gesture, it is necessary to know when the gesture starts and when it ends. The problem encountered separating gaze gestures from natural eye movements is very similar to the challenge of recognizing spoken commands for computer input where a normal conversation should not trigger commands. This paper focuses on finding a reasonable alphabet which is separable from natural eye movement. With a vision of ubiquitous computing, the amount of interaction with computers will increase and we are in need of interaction techniques which do not cause physical problems. The user study that was undertaken here consists of three tasks to achieve gaze gesture. The first was to close a dialog box using gaze command instead of a mouse. The second used help lines to guide the gaze gesture while the third was to surf the Internet for 3 minutes. The paper presents a usability tool for recording of interaction and gaze activity. It also describes algorithms for reading detection. The approach presented here will release results based on user study conducted with prototypes developed for the purpose.


The level of human rights abuse in a country is directly linked to the reliance the population places on the NGO sector to improve the situation, and the repression of NGOs by the state. States with good human rights records are more tolerant of NGOs than their counterparts with bad records. Zimbabwe is a case in point. Not only does it have one of the worst human rights records during the past decade; it also has – despite a very vibrant NGO sector – an NGO legislation that effectively restricts civil organisations. Despite the power sharing agreement of last year, which brought relative peace and prosperity, NGO–state relations have not shown a marked improvement. The Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) has sided with President Mugabe and the ZANU PF against civil society to the extent of co-sponsoring a change of legislation to curtail NGO operations. The continuation of the hostilities demonstrates the inherent problem that African governments have with civil society. The basic problem lies in the governments' unwillingness to be monitored or contradicted by NGOs. Criticism, no matter how constructive, is viewed with suspicion and dealt with by arresting the leaders of those NGOs that dare criticise – and, as is now common in Africa, by proposing new legislation to curtail NGO operations, especially those dealing with democracy and governance matters. The main cause for government discomfort is the ease with which NGOs are able to put out information, and particularly that which the state is keen to suppress. The other major issue is that as NGOs succeed, funding is increasingly channelled to them, at the expense of the state,


This study focused on a diffusion coating method for the formation of a hard layer with excellent adhesion through the formation of an interlayer and a gradient layer on titanium materials. A limitation of conventional diffusion coating methods is the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the matrix resulting from the long-term, high-temperature processing. Therefore, spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used to form a ceramic layer, as it allows the suppression of the growth of crystal grains via rapid heating and enables low temperature and short processing time. The purpose of this study is to simultaneously form borides and carbides on a titanium surface using the SPS method and evaluate their properties. Commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) was used as the substrate, and B4C powder was utilized as both the boronizing and carburizing source. An analysis of the sample surface subjected to SPS processing indicated the formation of TiC, TiB2, and TiB. As a ceramic layer was formed on the titanium surface, a surface hardness of 31700HV was obtained, and the wear resistance was improved compared with that of untreated CP-Ti. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.L-M2019838]


Rural development one of them to do with the development of local potential. Bumiaji village is a village with a variety of potential agrotourism, ranging from travel picking apples, oranges, pink crystals, flower travel, etawa breeding, and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises result from the production of agro stretcher. This study examined the theory of sustainable development according to Von Stoker which includes three aspects: ecological, social and economic. The results showed that the process of development in the village Bumiaji has fulfilled the aspects of sustainable development, but in the process is still not able to walk up. Agriowisata potential is the main resource in conducting ecological development. From the social aspect, the potential for ecotourism has provided benefits and impacts to the land owner, the village government and local residents. Bumiaji economic development relies on natural resources and the production of paddy fields. This agro-tourism development can increase people's income and the expansion of the labor force, so that the welfare of the citizens can be increased. Rural development based on local potential agro-tourism should be developed. This can be done through human resource development, promotion and improvement of facilities and infrastructure.


Efficient polymer supported synthesis of multi-substituted pyrimidine-4-one derivatives was described. Target products were produced from fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl(Fmoc) protected β-amino acid loaded on hydro- xymethyl resin through deprotection, N-alkylation, guanidine formation, and cleavage of 2,2,4,6,7-pentamethyl dihy-drobenzofuran-sulfonyl(Pbf) by trifluoracetic acid(TFA) followed with cyclization. The procedure has the advantages of easy operation, mild reaction conditions, and forming multiple substituents.


The 32 patients with myasthenia gravis(MG)were treated with Mendong Qingfei decoction,among them 16 patients were cured,8 showed significant improvement and 6 showed little improvement,only 2 with no response to the treatment.The total effective rate was 93.8%.The results suggest that the decoction could also increase CD8+ T count which was lowered in the patients,and recover the ratio of CD4+/CD8+.Therefore,the decoction might be effective to restore immune stability for the patients with myasthenia gravis.


'U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineThermal and Mountain Medicine DivisionKansas St.Natick, MA 01760, USAand'U.S. Air Force AcademyHuman Performance Laboratory and Human-Environmental Research CenterUSAFA, CO 80840, USAIntroductionDuring long-term exposures (days-to-weeks) to high altitudes, humans compensate for the decreasedinspired oxygen partial pressure (PIO


We have previously shown that arginase inhibition alleviates hypertension associated with in a diabetic animal model. Here, we investigated the protective effect of arginase inhibition on hypertension in metabolic syndrome.


Mathematics is one of an important tool for engineering and technology students to solve day-to-day problems in life in general and problems posed to them in engineering and technology courses in particular. To help them capture mathematical concepts use of appropriate instructional approach is equally important factor. Instruction supported by technological software is reported to be useful in general terms, but the importance on motivation is debated. To this end, Quasi-experiment research was conducted in Wolkite University to investigate MATLAB Software supported learning and students' motivation in learning Applied Mathematics II. Different instructional approaches: MATLAB Software supported traditional lecture method and MATLAB supported collaborative method were established for this purpose. Two intact classes, Mechanical engineering groups 1 and 2, were selected using a simple random sampling technique, each of which took specific intervention. The numbers of the students involved were initially 30 and 29 respectively. Both pre and post motivation Likert Scale items were prepared and administered to the respondents before and after treatment respectively. The results of the study show that there is no significant mean difference in students' motivation for learning mathematics between the two groups. Besides, there is no significant mean difference between the components of motivation except for intrinsic and extrinsic motivation that seeks further scrutiny. Reasons for non-significant difference were highlighted some of which included a lack of experience, and a lack of motivation to learn mathematics itself. The ability to manipulate technological software and access could also be noted that lay context at the center.


In this work electrical discharges in the vapour phase in liquid-filled capillaries are investigated. The vapour phase is generated due to Joule heating of the NaCl solution in a narrow dielectric capillary in which plasma is generated. A repetitive bubble formation regime, a chaotic plasma regime and a periodic intense plasma regime are observed with increasing voltage. The plasma is produced in the bubble and the liquid columns on both sides of the bubble serve as electrodes for the discharges. In the emission spectra contributions of OH, H, Na and O are identified. The OH rotational distribution can be characterized by a superposition of two Boltzmann distributions with temperature parameters of 2800 and 8800 K.


The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon explains some of the interannual climate variability in many tropical and midlatitude regions. It is important in developing more accurate seasona...


The safety design of gas-fired boiler house is discussed from the aspects of location of gas-fired boiler house,design parameters of the gas-fired boiler house located in building,feed water deaerating way,auxiliary equipment,ventilation,fire control and so on.


The effect of the anion of ionic liquids on air-dried pine (Pinus radiata) has been investigated. All ionic liquids used in this study contained the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation; the anions were trifluoromethanesulfonate, methylsulfate, dimethylphosphate, dicyanamide, chloride and acetate. Using a protocol for assessing the ability to swell small wood blocks (10 × 10 × 5 mm), it was shown that the anion has a profound impact on the ability to promote both swelling and dissolution of biomass. Time course studies showed that viscosity, temperature and water content were also important parameters influencing the swelling process. We used Kamlet–Taft parameters to quantify the solvent polarity of the ionic liquids and found that the anion basicity described by the parameter β correlated with the ability to expand and dissolve pine lignocellulose. It is shown that 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide dissolves neither cellulose nor lignocellulosic material.


This research report is an analysis of preposition on, in, at. The writer chooses preposition on, in, at because preposition is one of basic grammar that is usually used by people in speaking and writing. The aim of writing this research report is because the writer wants to know how far the students master and understand preposition especially preposition on, in, and at. And the writer wants to know difficulties for students in mastering preposition on, in, at. The writer uses questioner in analyzing the mastery of preposition on, in, at for first year students at Gunadarma University. The questioner is in multiple choices which consist of 20 questions. The sample is 40 students. The level of understanding for first year students at Gunadarma University is below average or poor. Most of the students have difficulties in determining sentences which talk about an institution in that street, about a place we think of as a point rather than an area, or something within a larger space. Key Words : Mastery, Preposition on in it, Analysis


[With this issue, we welcome Paul A. DeCotis as a columnist on electricity matters. As his biography shows, Paul has far-reaching experience in electric regulation.—RW]


Aiming at the problem that traditional library function identification technology can not recognize specific library function effectively,this paper proposes a specific library function identification technology based on vague matching.The technique improves the function signature mechanism produced by Fast Library Identification and Recognition Technology(FLIRT),extracts a valid function congregation from the target file and does vague matching using professional library function feature database.Vague matching determines the signature to be loaded,loads the signature and fulfils the accurate matching.Experimental results show that the method does well at specific library function identification.


Methods are presented for monitoring the sensitivity to phenylamide fungicides of plant pathogenic fungi belonging to the Peronosporales, e.g. Phytophthora infestans, Plasmopara viticola, Peronospora tabacina, Pseudoperonospora cubensis and soil-borne Phytophthora and Pythium species. The methods are intended for practical use in the implementation of anti-resistance strategies. Methods for sterol demethylation inhibitors (DMIs), benzimidazoles and dicarboximides have already been published in Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 21, 291–354 (1991)


Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Real-time three-dimensional dobutamine stress echocardiography for coronary artery disease assessment. Methods Fourteen patients suspected of coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent Real-time three-dimensional dobutamine stress echocardiography, initial dobutamine infusion was 5 µg kg−1 min−1, followed by 10 µg kg−1 min−1and peak infusion 20 µg kg−1 min−1 in 3 min stages. The Real-time three-dimensional (RT3D) imagings were captured in baseline state, stress stages and after the study, the imagings were assessed by wall motion score index (WMSI) and regional ejection fraction (EF), the parameters of these two modalities were made comparison with coronary angiography (CAG), during the study adverse reactions were also observed. Results All patients completed the stress study uneventfully, Compared with the CAG these two modalities having no significant difference (p>0.05) and having satisfying agreement (κ values 0.704 and 0.75 respectively), the diagnostic parameters of these modalities were: sensitivity 78% vs 89%, specificity 92% vs 88%, positive predictive value (PPV) 88% vs 84%, negative predictive value (NPV) 85% vs 91% and overall accuracy 86% vs 88%. Conclusions Real-time three-dimensional dobutamine stress echocardiography is an effective and safe technique to assess coronary artery disease which has clinical application valuer.


FluidEarth 2.0 is an open source implementation of the OpenMI 2.0 interface standard for data exchange between numerical models during run-time. It consists of the FluidEarth Software Development Kit (SDK) to assist with making models and components OpenMI 2.0 compliant, the Pipistrelle GUI for linking and running OpenMI compliant models and components using one-way or two-way links for the exchange of data and the FluidEarth portal with news, a discussion forum, case studies, community contact details as well as links to the FluidEarth catalogue, the training website and source code repository. The power of FluidEarth to link together separate models to run as a composition has been demonstrated using the re-written Beachplan model of the long-term development of the coastline of sand or gravel beaches. This is a practical model for coastal management that requires the two-way exchange of data between component models at each time-step. Poole Bay in southern England (UK) has been used as test case and has been shown to reproduce the effect of groynes on beaches over a period of almost two years at a moderate computational cost.


Groundwater is one of the most important natural resources. It is the principal source of drinking water in rural and many urban cities, and widely used for irrigation in most arid and semi-arid countries. However, recently it has become apparent that many human activities are negatively impacting both the quantity and quality of groundwater resources. In many parts of the world, groundwater resources are under increasing threat due to contamination and depletion by excessive pumping.


Children born very preterm (<32wks' gestation) are at risk of white matter injury, particularly in frontostriatal pathways that mediate executive functioning. However, it is unclear whether very preterm children without evidence of neonatal brain injury manifest long‐term white matter microstructural differences once they reach school age and if this is related to cognitive impairments.


A comparative study of the levels of temporary loss of working capacity among females working in the cotton production industry in different working and social conditions allowed to reveal higher incidence of morbidity in this category of workers as compared with the control group and to work out a complex of measures aimed at reducing this morbidity and ensuring stable recovery.


Withanolides (WTDs), well-known medicinally important compounds of Withania somnifera, including the anticancer compound withaferin A (WFA), are biosynthesized from their dedicated precursor squalene. Condensation of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) molecules to produce squalene is catalyzed by squalene synthase (SQS). In the present study, the Arabidopsis thaliana squalene synthase gene (AtSQS1) was transformed in W. somnifera by Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58C1 (pRiA4). The AtSQS1 gene was detected in 87.88 % of induced transformed hairy roots (THRs). The results showed that the growth index (GI) of THRs after five weeks of culture was 2-fold higher than that of adventitious hairy roots (AHRs). The biomass doubling time of THRs and AHRs was 18 and 30 days, respectively. Quantitative evaluation of WFA in the studied roots showed that THRs contain 1.51-fold more WFA (330±0.87μg g−1 dry weight (DW)) than AHRs (218±0.17μg g−1 DW). These findings can be used for the production of WFA as a valuable anticancer compound through controlled and scaled up cultures of W. somnifera THRs.


Two bacterial strains P. putida and A. calcoaceticus were studied for degradation of black liquor from a kraft pulp and paper mill in a continuous reactor. The study revealed that the two strains were able to remove 70 to 80 percent of COD, and lignin while the colour removal efficiency was around 85 percent in 8 days of detention time.


In 2008th global crisis had aftermath financial failure and economic failure to
many big firms and caused the firm failed to maintain its survival. The firms failure
had make disadvantages to many people especially investor and its make investors
worried to investing their fund in such condition and caused lackadaisical in money
market and stock market. Based on this condition, the writer makes a research and
entitled "Financial Statement Analysis and Bankruptcy Prediction Using Altman,
Foster, Zmijewski And Springate Model For Aneka Tambang Inc In 2003-2008."
Population in this research is mining companies that listed at Indonesia Stock
Exchange, this research take sample Aneka Tambang Inc and analyzed with
financial ratio analysis and bankruptcy prediction with Altman, Foster, Zmijewski
and Springate models.
Purpose of this research is helping the investor to make investment decision.
Results of this research using financial ratio analysis is management performance of
Aneka Tambang Inc get better in the research period, and the bankruptcy condition
of this company according to Altman Model is in 3 research period (2003-2005)
company condition lay on grey area, while the other 3 period (2006-2008) in good
condition. Altman model result are supported by Foster, Zmijewski and Springate
model that proclaim a good condition of the company.


In this study, removal of Mg(II) and Ca(II) metals ions from aqueous solution by adsorption was investigated. The chitosan-alginate membrane was used as adsorbents. Chitosan was prepared from shrimp wastes. Parameters investigated in this work such as medium of pH, adsorption rate (k1), energies (E) and capacity of adsorption (b). The kinetic model of first order reaching equilibrium and pseudo order 2nd Ho adsorption were applied to estimate the adsorption rate, whereas the isotherm adsorption Langmuir and Freundlich models were employed in the determination of the energy and the capacity in adsorption. The optimum pH of adsorption Mg(II) and Ca(II) metal ion process on chitosan-alginate membrane were pH around 7.0. Adsorption Mg(II) and Ca(II) metal ions on chitosan-alginate membrane tend followed kinetic model of first order adsorption reaching equilibrium. Mg(II) and Ca(II) metal ions adsorbed on chitosan-alginate membrane tend followed the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model and called chemical adsorbed involving energies of adsorption in a range from 21.81 to 25.04 kJ/mole.


The tolerance of 1-year-old almond seedlings (Prunus amygdalus) in a loamy sand, and newly planted peach seedlings (P. persica) in washed river sand to low concentrations of metam-sodium (sodium methyldithiocar- bamate) in the root zone was investigated. Phytotoxic symptoms were observed from 40 mg l−1 active ingredient (a.i.) on both crops but the almonds were more tolerant to higher metam-sodium concentrations. There was no indication of growth suppression, decrease in fresh mass or restricted regrowth of the peach seedlings within the concentration range of 5 to 20 mg l−1.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently decompose a chlorosilane polymer without corroding the outer wall of a reaction furnace. SOLUTION: A method for decomposing the chlorosilane polymer includes a preheating step to preheat a raw material gas made by mixing the chlorosilane polymer with HCl to a preheating temperature Ti(°C) and a decomposing step to leave the preheated raw material gas in a decomposing furnace. When the average retention time in the decomposing furnace of the raw material gas in the decomposing step is expressed as t (sec), such equations as T1≤Ti≤T2, T1=600×t (-0.057) -150 and T2=190×t (-0.9) +470 (wherein, t≤10; and 400≤Ti≤550) are satisfied. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT


The response of electrical power systems to the San Fernando Valley earthquake of February 9, 1971, is studied. The following major recommendations have resulted from the study: (1) standards for system planning, operation, and performance should be established; (2) standards enforcement procedures should be implemented; (3) methods for modeling transmission systems should continue to be improved; (4) instrumentation to provide data to check model validity should be added; (5) special methodologies appropriate for evaluating system vulnerability to catastrophic disturbances such as earthquakes should be developed; (6) a "seismic safety inspector" position for earthquake related matters should be established; (7) a "damage evaluation log" should be established and maintained to document earthquake damage to electrical power systems; and (8) more extensive requirements for the use and security of emergency electrical power should be established.


The probability of simultaneous occurrence of at least k spanning clusters has been studied by Monte Carlo simulations on the 2D square lattice with free boundaries at the bond percolation threshold pc =1/2. It is found that the probability of k and more Incipient Spanning Clusters (ISC) have the values P(k>1) ≈ 0.00658(3) and P(k>2) ≈ 0.00000148(21) provided that the limit of these probabilities for infinite lattices exists. The probability P(k>3) of more than three ISC could be estimated to be of the order of 10-11 and is beyond the possibility to compute such a value by nowadays computers. So, it is impossible to check in simulations the Aizenman law for the probabilities when k≫1. We have detected a single sample with four ISC in a total number of about 1010 samples investigated. The probability of this single event is 1/10 for that number of samples. The influence of boundary conditions is discussed in the last section.


A new concept for generating high beam quality from high pulse energy optical parametric oscillators has been developed and experimentally demonstrated. The idea is to use two different types of crystals type 2 phase matched for the same interaction, but with orthogonal walk-off directions, in the same resonator. By adding BBO crystals to a KTA-based OPO, the astigmatism was removed from the beam and beam quality was improved from M2 ~ 2 × 9 to M2 ~ 2 × 2 without decreasing the conversion efficiency.


The objective of the presented research was to analyze the pricing innovation impact on the different industries in Romania, taking into account best practices within the beer industry and the trend of the healthy food industry that rose in the last years. Price innovation is made usually by pack type based on shopping behavior and also by shopper healthy behavior (for example bio products). The weight of pricing in shopping decision might be claimed as the most important one but we will detail in the article that the actual importance is different.


This paper proposes a new approach for planning the ultrawideband (UWB) system deployment based on statistical formulation of the amplitude of instantaneous electric field using the bidimensional transmission line matrix method TLM (Russer, 2000). The proposed algorithm uses the complex envoltory formulation of the simulated excitation in the TLM mesh to achieve a subresolution to describe the environment without compromising the accuracy of the path-loss for electromagnetic wave propagation in free-space. The two dimensional transmission line matrix power flow (TLMPF) is a numerical approach to make a statistical formulation for the RMS value of the discretized electric field mapped in the TLM mesh. The wide sense stationarity (WSS) characteristic of the electric field amplitude in the free space propagation, the path loss is computed using the correlation matrix of the TLM mesh. A numerical example considering a typical pico-cell in an indoor environment is presented. The simulation results were validated with the measurements using the central frequency (Durgin, 1998), the simulations are performed computing the pathloss in each point of the environment considering the material characteristics (epsivr and mur) of the existing obstacles in the area


In a March 27th, 1990 article in the Greeley Tribune there was an article titled Itlapan has Advice for America". Near the top ol Japan's list of 80 suggestions for improving the U.S. economy was worker training. The following paragraph was from that article. "Japanese officials have urged the United States to cut its federal deficit, increase savings and investment and improve worker training, and education to boost the competitiveness of American exports." Closer to home, the Wide Roll Quality of Worklife surveys have highlighted lack of training as a concern of Wide Roll employees. Add to that, Deming's 6th management point that recognizes retraining is as important to a manufacturing organization as is initial training, It is hard to overlook the need to enhance training capabilities to the maximum. Although the training issue is a kip conversation piece, the question remains, how can C-50 provide the necessary training, especially during the heavy vacation months of June, July and August. Holidays and hunting seasons? At best, when a crew is at full strength, only one trainee can be trained ata time. Compounding the issue is that very minimal learning takes place in the wee hours of the morning. Also, each production crew is operating with one less operator in 1990 than in 1988, and the KCD training department was cut from 17 employees to 6 employees. The question of training and retraining seems to be getting even more difficult to answer. .11 Summarizing Written Information Directions: Read these paragraphs and summarize the information in as few words as possible. 1. Understand Kezi Result Areas Through a review of the Key Result Areas identified as part of the unit assessment and the planning steps just discussed, the team can identify major improvement opportunities: those key processes which are in greatest need of improvement and which, when improved, will better enable the unit to provide its customers with superior value. Simplified Slum-tiny2. Quality Policy We are committed to being the world leader in the quality of the products and services that we provide. The company's goal is to continuously improve our products, services and operations so that we constantly offer customers superior value. This will allow us to prosper as a business and provide a superior return for our. Summary statement: FREE CREDIT REPORT AVAILABLE FOR KCD CREDIT UNION MEMBERS IT'S SAFE TO SAY THAT MOST PEOPLE HAVE NEVER SEEN THEIR CREDIT REPORT. BUT THEY SHOULD AND NOW YOU CAN SEE YOURS FREE ! ! WHY SHOULD YOU SEE IT? "MORE THAN 2 OUT OF 5 PEOPLE HAVE SOME ERRONEOUS INFORMATION ON THEIR CONSUMER CREDIT REPORTS," SAYS JAMES WILLIAMS, PRESIDENT OF CONSOLIDATED INFORMATION SERVICES. MOST ERRORS OCCUR.WHEN FILES FROM DIFFERENT PEOPLE GET JUMBLED FAMILY MEMBERS WITH THE SAME NAME OR ADDRESS, PEOPLE WITH "COMMON NAMES".A WRONG DIGIT IN A SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER CAN EASILY DRAG DATA FROM SOME "DEADBEAT'S" FILEINTO YOURS, AND THERE GOES YOUR CREDIT! BUT EFFECTIVE MAY 1, 1992 YOU MAY PICK UP A FORM FROM THE KCD CREDIT UNION FOR A FREE CREDIT REPORT ON YOURSELF FROM TRW CREDIT DATA. TRW WILL MAIL THE REPORT TO YOUR HOME SO YOU CAN CHECK FOR ERRORS YOURSELF. 5-1-92 EACH MEMBER ACCOUNT INSURED TO $100,000-, BY THE NCUA. %. W24 11101GAMSPENISDIV suncAu of susts(ssMIACTICE INC WATERfORD CONN)


Moving Boundaries Classical models of fine-grained metals view grain boundaries as static objects, but this view has been challenged by recent experimental observations. Drawing on techniques used by the fracture mechanics community, Rupert et al. (p. 1686) present experiments on freestanding aluminum films that show specific geometries cause either stress or strain concentrations on deformation. Confirming recent simulations, shear stresses were found to be a key driver of grain boundary motion. Shear stresses drive grain boundaries to move in a manner consistent with predictions of coupled grain boundary migration. In crystalline materials, plastic deformation occurs by the motion of dislocations, and the regions between individual crystallites, called grain boundaries, act as obstacles to dislocation motion. Grain boundaries are widely envisaged to be mechanically static structures, but this report outlines an experimental investigation of stress-driven grain boundary migration manifested as grain growth in nanocrystalline aluminum thin films. Specimens fabricated with specially designed stress and strain concentrators are used to uncover the relative importance of these parameters on grain growth. In contrast to traditional descriptions of grain boundaries as stationary obstacles to dislocation-based plasticity, the results of this study indicate that shear stresses drive grain boundaries to move in a manner consistent with recent molecular dynamics simulations and theoretical predictions of coupled grain boundary migration.


This textanalysis the source of enterprise's risk, utilize pluralism count maincomposition analysis, probability theory and knowledge of mathematical statistics tosimplify othe index of numerous enterprise risk factors, thus draw the distribution model of enterprise's main risk factor, and then has carried on quantization of the risks of enterprises.


AIM: The Neonatology Period is mostly on the consideration of listening the physiology of the infant and meaning the observational perspectives on the especially the preterm infants, this is a philosophical point of view the observation in medicine at the Neonatology. Grounding Aspects: The communication and to be on coordination, the philosophical considerations on listening and/or Observation, mainly Wikipedia as a literature source. Introduction: To on in communication of the preterm infant, at the Neonatology Period, the main ought to be concepts is to be in love, in every manner, the humanity, the patient, in caring and serving to people, as an individual and as a common/society. Respect as a human, even for the very small premature. General Considerations; Ethical Considerations can be indicated as; a) Basically be on: 1-Thrust, be on the truth and reality, 2-Loyalty, high fidelity, 3-Confidence, secret saving; b) Ethical application Principles: 1-Not to be any harm, primum non nocere, 2-Benefit, usefulness, 3- Respect the autonomy, civil liberties, 4-Justice, not only be on common sense, but for individual aspect Proceeding: The general perspectives of humanity. Reasoning of the observation can be indicated as: 1-Why concept, why required for observation/listening, 2-What will be the purpose, aiming? 3-How it will be given phase? 4-What will it be understandable medium? 5-What he/she understands? 6-Is it really be on the same frequency? 7-What for the conversation/cooperation for observation required? 8-Can it be circling/repeated? The communication states can be summaries as; a) The communication state, b) For informed consent, c) For humanistic relation, d) Biosemiotics for evaluation and interpretation. Notions: The communication must be based on ethical principles. Communications Stages must be all grounding on the Human Rights, indicating at the Medical and Universal Ethical Considerations. In all procedures; a) Non-verbal, verbal, written, and other stages must be on ethical aspects and, also, b) Barriers and communication accidents can be overcome by again and again, repeated communications by correcting the blockades can be overcome by again and again, repeated communications by correcting the blockades. Conclusion: Understanding the person as ethical developmental perspective, as physician and the patient as Human is vital important. Cooperativeness on listening and observing is basic consideration on communication concept under ethical parameters.


Materials and Methods Bark extracts of these plants (1 and 25 µg/mL) were added 3 hours before coincubating H9c2 cardiomyoblasts with Dox (0.5 and 1 µM) for 24 hours more. We measured cell mass and metabolic viability, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, superoxide anion content, and activity-like of caspase-3 and caspase-9 following treatment with the extracts and/or Dox. Also, selenium and vitamin C contents were measured in the plant extracts. Results The results confirmed that Dox treatment decreased cell mass, mitochondrial membrane potential and metabolic viability, increased mitochondrial superoxide anion, and stimulated caspase-3 and caspase-9-like activities. Pretreatment of the cells with the plant extracts significantly inhibited Dox cytotoxicity, with more significant results at the higher concentration. Measurements of selenium and vitamin C in the extracts revealed higher concentration of both when compared with other Cameroonian spices. Conclusion Both extracts of A. lepidophyllus and M. myristica were effective against Dox-induced cytotoxicity, most likely due to their content in antioxidants.


Water-soluble crude polysaccharides obtained from corncob through water extraction and ethanol precipitation were partially hydrolyzed by trifluoroacetic acid. The crude polysaccharides and their hydrolysates were separately purified (fractionated) by Sephadex G-25 chromatography to be fractions A and B and they were then analyzed by thin-layer chromatog-raphy (TLC) and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Xylobiose and xylotriose were major components of xylooligosaccharides from corncob. Fraction B mainly consisted of xylobiose with a yield of 6.84% in chromatographic purification and the xylobiose content was as high as 95.63%. However,the xylotriose content was only 0.22%.


The present paper deals with the cyclic gonadal development, the gonadosomatic index,the individual fecundity and the hermaphrodite of Ctecpanotion punetatus in Xipu Bay (a minor and semi-enclosed bay with a seawall) of Dongshan Island, Fujian Province. The ovaries and testis of the fish can develop into ripe stage in xipu Bay.


Abstract As part of a detailed study of the life system of the alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica (Gyll.), in southern Ontario, two methods were developed for estimating numbers of eggs in the spring growth of alfalfa. The first is based on direct counts of the eggs, which are laid in clusters and hence, aggregated in distribution; for moderate levels of infestation (ca. 8 eggs per bouquet), estimates with acceptable precision may be obtained by taking a single 3-stem bouquet of alfalfa from 80 randomly selected ft2 (.09 m2) quadrats within a field. The second is based on counts of the oviposition punctures which are randomly dispersed and consistent with the Poisson distribution. Although slightly less accurate, this method will provide a valid index of the number of eggs with less labour; acceptable precision may be obtained by taking a single bouquet from just 32 quadrats.


We present Hyperproofs, the first vector commitment (VC) scheme that is efficiently maintainable and aggregatable . Similar to Merkle proofs, our proofs form a tree that can be efficiently maintained: updating all n proofs in the tree after a single leaf change only requires O ( log n ) time. Importantly, unlike Merkle proofs, Hyperproofs are efficiently aggregatable, anywhere from 10 × to 41 × faster than SNARK-based aggregation of Merkle proofs. At the same time, an individual Hyperproof consists of only log n algebraic hashes (e.g., 32-byte elliptic curve points) and an aggregation of b such proofs is only O ( log ( b log n )) -sized. Hyperproofs are also reasonably fast to update when compared to Merkle trees with SNARK-friendly hash functions. As another benefit over Merkle trees, Hyperproofs are homomorphic : digests (and proofs) for two vectors can be homo-morphically combined into a digest (and proofs) for their sum. Homomorphism is very useful in emerging applications such as stateless cryptocurrencies. First, it enables unstealability , a novel property that incentivizes proof computation. Second, it makes digests and proofs much more convenient to update. Finally, Hyperproofs have certain limitations: they are not transparent, have linear-sized public parameters, are slower to verify, and have larger aggregated proofs and slower verification than SNARK-based approaches. Nonetheless, end-to-end, aggregation and verification in Hyperproofs is 10 × to 41 × faster than in SNARK-based Merkle trees.


In consonance with globalization, the International Transfer Pricing (ITP) rules have also been introduced in the countries, where they did not exist, or reformed as per the OECD guidelines in a number of countries where they already existed. In many countries the process of revamping these rules is still in process and existing rules are being reviewed and modified continuously for their effectiveness. In India, these rules were first introduced in 2001, and since then have been continuously being upgraded with the adoption of new provisions such as advance pricing agreements (APAs), Safe Harbour Rules (SHRs), Roll Back Provision in APA system, Tuning the existing rules in line with the BEPS, etc. and today country offers one of the best ITP regulations amongst the developed world. Nevertheless, for the effective implementation of the New International Transfer Regime, one of the major concern has been a required manpower with skills to deal with the related issues. To address this concern, and create awareness amongst the young graduates in this field, this paper first attempts to discuss some of the basic concepts and then spells out the desideratum (need) of human resources in this crucial area of international taxation and business.


Welfare is multidimensional as it involves not only income, but also education, health or labour. The composite indicators of welfare are usually based on aggregating somehow the information across dimensions and individuals. However, this approach ignores the relationship between the dimensions being aggregated. To face this goal, in this paper we analyse the dependence between the dimensions included in the Human Development Index (HDI), namely income, health and schooling, through three copula-based measures of multivariate association: Spearman's footrule, Gini's gamma and Spearman's rho. We discuss their properties and prove new results on Spearman's footrule. The copula approach focuses on the positions of the individuals across dimensions, rather than the values that the variables attain for such individuals. Thus, it allows for more general types of dependence than the linear correlation. We base our study on data from 1980 till 2014 for the countries included in the 2015 Human Development Report. We find out that though the overall HDI has increased over this period, the dependence between its dimensions remains high and nearly unchanged so that the richest countries tend to be also the best ranked in both health and education.


Streaming video over IP networks has become increasingly popular; however, compared to traditional data traffic, video streaming places different demands on Quality of Service (QoS) in a network, particularly in terms of delay, delay variation, and data loss. In response to the QoS demands of video applications, network techniques have been proposed to provide QoS within a network. Unfortunately, while efficient from a network perspective, most existing solutions have not provided end-to-end QoS that is satisfactory to users. This dissertation studies in-network QoS control, with the goal of delivering excellent user-perceived QoS for video over IP networks. To this end, the study addresses two critical questions: how should perceived QoS be quantified, and which aspects should be considered when developing in-network control to enhance the perceived QoS? A n Active QoS control framework that uses active networking technology was developed. This framework consists of a QoS description model, a set of nodal-based QoS control techniques, and a set of QoS distribution strategies. The QoS description model quantifies the perceived QoS. The QoS description for an application reflects the quality perceived by application users and can be directly converted to network-controllable parameters. On the other hand, the QoS description for a network is based on users' satisfaction with the performance of an application. This model provides efficient support for achieving perceived QoS: the application quality perceived by end users can be explicitly managed from within the network. The nodal-based QoS control is composed of buffer management and packet scheduling schemes. Both schemes take into account the relationship between video-specific characteristics, required network resources, and the resulting video quality. Buffer management and packet scheduling


The formation reaction of peroxodiphosphate (denoted by PDP and meaning P2O84−, HP2O83− etc.) by the reaction of molecular oxygen (O2) with the phosphinate ion (PH2O2−) was extremely accelerated by irradiation with visible light of aqueous solutions containing the tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) ion ([Ru(bpy)3]2+). The [Ru(bpy)3]2+ acted as a photocatalyst during the reaction. The reaction mechanism consists of a chain reaction being accompanied by the O2-quenching of a photoexcited ruthenium(II) complex ([Ru(bpy)3]2+*) to make the superoxide (O2−•) and [Ru(bpy)3]3+, followed by the reduction of [Ru(bpy)3]3+ by PH2O2− to make [Ru(bpy)3]2+ and PH2O2•. However, such PDP once formed in the presence of O2 began to decrease with a rate law of -d[PDP]/dt = kobsd[PDP] after the solution was saturated with N2 gas, and when the solution was again saturated with air, the PDP began to increase again with light irradiation and remained constant in the dark. Such behaviors are discussed while presenting the reactio...


In a previous paper (Frazier and Whittier, 1931) the influence of pure cultures of various milk bacteriaon the oxidation-reduction potential of milk hAs been discussed. These results would be important in dealing with samples of milk in which one of these organisms predominated or in the extremely rare cases where practically a pure culture of one organism was present. In most samples of milk, however, two or more species of bacteria are present in considerable numbers and their associative growth may have an important effect on the multiplication of each and on the oxidation-reduction potential of the milk. In the, work here reported, various pairs of cultures of milk bacteria have been inoculated in different proportions into milk, and changes in oxidation-reduction potential have been measured, as well as changes in numbers of bacteria of the two species.


This study aims to obtain Trichoderma fungi and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria obtained from soybean planting fields and test their ability as biofertilizer agents to assist soybean growth until the end of the vegetative phase. From the soybean crop field, Trichoderma fungi and P. fluorescens (Pf) were isolated. After purification, observations were made to determine morphological physical characteristics both macroscopically and microscopically. Pf bacterial isolates were tested for their performance characteristics to ensure that bacteria were not pathogenic. For work power testing, as a biofertilizer agent, a factorial experiment was prepared in a completely randomized design (CRD). As the first factor, Trichoderma consists of without and with Trichoderma, while the second factor is Pf bacteria consisting of without and with Pf. The experiment was repeated four times so that 16 experimental units were obtained. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and time of initial average flower appearance. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by HSD testing on a 5% test tarf. The results showed that the fungi Trichoderma sp. obtained by having single-celled, smooth-walled conidia measuring 3.2 x 2.0 µm, green with irregular upright hyaline conidiophores. As for P. fluorensence does not cause foul symptoms in test potatoes which are non-pathogenic. Fungi Trichoderma sp. TC-Jro-02 isolates and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria which were applied as biofertilizer agents were each increasing and inhibiting growth in plant height, leaf number, stover dry weight, and dry weight of soybean root of Dena varieties grown in shade up to 30 days after planting. Interactions between them affect the dry weight of stover and the dry weight of plant roots. The bacterial activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens inhibits the effect of the performance of Trichoderma fungi in supporting the growth of soybean plants in the shade.


We propose a design method for optical lattice filters using the Schur algorithm in the z-transform domain. The algorithm of Schur (on a power series bounded in the unit circle) is used for the one-dimensional inverse scattering problem to determine the reflection coefficients of multilayer medium modeled by the lattice filter. The proposed algorithm can also be used to determine reflection coefficients in Fabry-Perot etalons and multilayer thin film modeled by the lattice filter structure. We use the FFT method to find the transmission transfer function from transmission magnitude only. To verify the method, we give three simple examples.


Calixto Mateos-Hanel examines the recent debate on tax reform in Mexico. He outlines the evolution of the Mexican tax system since 1980 and considers the current structure of the main taxes. He points to the progress in making the system more equitable and efficient, but also to its remaining weaknesses. He notes that tax collection is notably lower than in other countries, both in Latin America and in the OECD area, even though the tax system seems to be well designed and based on a small number of taxes with a broad tax base. The unsatisfactory revenue level depends on extensive exemptions and special regimes and on widespread tax evasion. Incremental changes in legislation have generated a complex tax system, difficult to administer and with a number of opportunities to elude payments. According to Mateos-Hanel, a tax reform is required in order to provide the resources necessary for infrastructure, education and health services while keeping sound public finances. Several proposals formulated in recent years advocate a comprehensive tax reform eliminating special regimes and exemptions and enhancing tax administration. In 2001, the Ministry of Finance presented to the Congress initiatives for extensive reforms in consumption and income taxes. A uniform VAT rate and a uniform corporation tax rate were proposed. In the end, the end the comprehensive reform proposals were rejected as it did not get the support from the majority of congress. The objective of significantly boosting revenues has not been achieved.


Methods available for recognition of the structure and for measuring the width of the sediment layers of the sea bottom using echo-sounders are discussed considering in particular the inverse problem and consideration of echo signals.


Understanding how changes of any origin interact with the structure and survival of entire populations is very important for the protection and conservation of threatened, rare and/or endemic species. In this study, structure and population dynamics of Salvia ceratophylloides Ard., a precious endemic species, belonging to the subgenus Sclarea (Moench) Benth., section Plethiosphace Benth. (Lamiaceae) exclusive to the suburban environments of Reggio Calabria (Southern Italy), was analysed. Interactions between this species and its different growth habitats were examined. Moreover, the disturbance factors which directly affect the demographic viability of the species, influencing its growth, reproduction and distribution in its distribution area were identified. From 2019 to 2021, a census by counting individuals of all the known stations, recorded according to a specific protocol, was carried out. The recorded data were statistically analysed and compared with those of the phytosociological surveys carried out using the Braun-Blanquet method and summarised in phytosociological classes, in accordance with the hierarchical floristic classification system of vascular plant communities, accepted at national and European levels. The structure of the different populations was also related to the different threat factors that afflict S. ceratophylloides. It was observed that the most structured populations of S. ceratophylloides were found in natural and semi-natural environments where the anthropogenic disturbance was minor, while populations with an irregular structure were found in sites exposed to disturbances of various origins. The different phytosociological classes do not interact directly on population structure. The most important factors affecting structure and distribution are disturbances of various origins, in particular anthropogenic and phytosanitary disturbances. In order to keep populations balanced and stable over time, it would be useful to adopt conservation measures for the species and the habitat in which they live, with practical solutions for the following: (a) to limit infestations by insects that parasitize stems and seeds; (b) to prevent mowing, fires, grazing and the introduction of invasive alien species.


A combination of setal characters identifies 96 per cent, of a sample of pupae of species A and B of the AnopheZes gambiae group from Kisu- mu, Kenya.


Abstract The current language situation in Singapore is outlined and its relation to demographic and political changes over the last 30 years is indicated. Reasons for the pre‐eminence of English in Singapore are adduced and the appeal of Mandarin as the official, if presently rather little used, Chinese language of Singapore is described. The recent campaign to encourage ethnic Chinese in Singapore to "speak more Mandarin and less dialects" (sic), and its methods are summarized. In particular, the part of Premier Lee Kwan Yew in publicizing the campaign is considered, and the paper's second half compares two programmes broadcast by the Singapore radio and television services in April 1978 and November 1979 and in which Mr Lee answered questions on the Republic's language policy. One theme of comparison is an apparently increasing firmness of determination that Mandarin shall be spoken. A second theme of comparison is how much greater a part had been played by radio, television, and most especially the pr...


SUMMARY C57BL/6J skin grafts enjoy a prolonged survival on CBA/J recipients, if the C57BL/6J donor is pretreated with high titer recipient antidonor serum. This form of immunological enhancement differs from classical immunological enhancement because the immune serum is administered to the donor rather than the recipient. To distinguish the two, the term "donor enhancement" has been used. Nonspecific immunosuppression of the donor with azathioprine or heterologous or isologous antilymphocyte serum fails to produce a similar prolongation. Moreover, a prolongation is seen even in the presence of a simultaneous ongoing rejection response.


The present invention provides a useful acylalkylisethionate ester in consumer products. The alkyl-substituted hydroxyalkyl sulfonates are prepared by reacting at least one carboxylic acid and one or more alkyl-substituted hydroxyalkyl isethionate esters of the esterification reaction conditions. The alkyl-substituted hydroxyalkyl isethionate ester used as a raw material in the production of esters are prepared by reacting the bisulfite and one or more alkylene oxides.


CMOS PA technology is developed rapidly in recent years and is used widely for WiFi systems. In this talk, the problem areas of the CMOS PA and approaches to solve the problems are discussed. Then, various PA design approaches are introduced to enhance the performance. It includes cascode PA design and balanced design approach using transformer with various linearization techniques. These designs can be applied to 5G PA at mm-wave band. The specification of the system is not standardized yet but it will operate at mm-wave band to handle a large data rate signal with large video bandwidth. The linear PA at mm-wave band which satisfies the stringent linearity is discussed. The PA should deliver the comparable performance of the PAs at LTE at 1∼2 GHz, which is a big challenge. But it is do-able and recent progress at POSTECH for the mm-wave linear PA will be introduced.


The Military Institute of Engineering (IME) is a Brazilian Army higher education institution, located in Rio de Janeiro – Brazil. Every three years, the Brazilian government evaluates the engineeri ...


Authigenic ore mineralization of the Jurassic terrigenous complexes rocks, widespread in the Tatarstan, is considered. It has been established that the ore minerals associations' composition is determined by geochemical conditions of mineral formation environment. In rocks of oxide geochemical facies (sandstones, siltstones), iron, manganese and titanium oxides predominate. Pyrite framboids and copper-nickel intermetallide compounds predominate in rocks of neutral geochemical facies (green clays). The rocks of anoxic geochemical facies (black clay, oil shale) contain only pyrite framboids. The main factor determining the authigenic ore minerals associations composition is redox potential of environment.


e16074Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are highly metastatic tumors. Anti-vascular growth epithelial factor (VEGF) therapies are currently used in first line treatment of metasta...


The peak of power grid load curve gradually increases, resulting in a serious imbalance between supply and demand of the power system, and the proportion of new energy generation is also rising rapidly. If not handled properly, it will also cause serious wind and light abandonment. At present, the problems to be solved are as follows: in the aspect of behavioral purpose, based on the actual engineering needs, how to understand the target of peak cutting and valley filling more reasonably; In the aspect of problem solving strategy, how to use the complementary characteristics of resources to cut peaks and fill valleys better. Based on this, this paper studies peak cutting and valley filling, proposes new understanding and indicators, and puts forward optimization strategy of peak cutting and valley filling based on indicators combined with flexible resources such as energy storage and adjustable load. Finally, an example analysis shows that the proposed model can better solve the original serious problems, and by comparing the cost, it is concluded that the strategy of peak cutting and valley filling can achieve better peak cutting and valley filling effects.


This report documents the physics models that are implemented in the Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment (VANE), a sensor simulator that uses physics-based ray tracing to simulate common robotic sensors such as cameras, LiDAR, GPS, and automotive RADAR. The report will provide information about the underlying assumptions and implementation details regarding the physics models used in VANE simulations. These include surface reflectance and texture models, atmospheric models, weather effects, and sensor properties. The purpose of this report is to provide information for VANE users, developers, and analysts who would like to use the VANE for sensor simulations. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR. ERDC/GSL TR-20-32 iii


Introduction. The influence of political factors on economic processes in Ukraine is extremely important. Changes in political elites, their use of certain social and economic instruments, types and models, affect the state of social and economic development of the country in the short, medium and long term. That is why research and analysis of the economic situation in political cycles is an important issue that needs to be studied.
Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research are the fundamental positions of modern economic theory, scientific works of scientists on the problems of economic cycles. The general development of the Ukrainian economy under the influence of political factors is analyzed in the course of the research on the basis of the historical approach, as well as the method of analysis and synthesis used to determine the influence of political cycles on the development of the country's economy, abstraction and synthesis, comparison and analogy when comparing the results obtained by researchers and establishing the possibility of their use for carrying out tasks for the prevention of economic imbalances.
Results. The article deals with the influence of political cycles on the economic situation, the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators and economic development in Ukraine.
The main problems of economic policy are outlined and recommendations on elimination of economic imbalances and increase of welfare of citizens, increase of efficiency of fiscal measures in Ukraine are developed.
It has been determined that in order to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the economic sphere in the process of elaboration of the economic development strategy for the long-term perspective, it is necessary to involve experts from among the scholars, business circles, expert analytical organizations in forming the directions of implementation of fiscal policy in the long-term perspective, as well as to ensure transparent and open relations. between state authorities and other actors in the social and economic sphere.
Discussion. The study of political transformations and the analysis of their impact on economic fluctuations will enable future researchers to use better the results of their work to prevent economic imbalances in Ukraine.
Keywords: prime minister, politics, economy, gross domestic product, taxes, expenditures, deficit, public debt, inflation, personal incomes, currency rate.


Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticle are biocompatible for medical applications. The present work is aimed to synthesize silver nanoparticle using the fruit pulp of Tamarindusindica and to evaluate its antibacterial and anticancer activity against lung cancercell lines. Antibacterial activity was assessed by well diffusion method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assay. GC-MS of fruit pulp extract showed the presence of levoglucosenone, n-hexadecanoic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid etc. Antioxidant activity of the fruit pulp was determined by DPPH assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay and lipid peroxidation. The size of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticle varied from 50 nm to 76 nm. It was 59 nm to 98 nm for chemically synthesized silver nanoparticle. Biologically synthesized silver nanoparticle showed 26 mm inhibition zone against E. coli and chemically synthesized silver nanoparticle showed 20 mm. Antioxidant activity of fruit extract by DPPH showed 84 % reduction. The IC 50 of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticle against lung cancer cell lines was 48 µg/ml. It was 95 µg/ml for chemically synthesized silver nanoparticle. The increased activity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticle was due to its smaller size, stability and the bioactive compounds capping the silver nanoparticle extracted from the fruit extract.


In this short version of a more detailled work of BEGIS-GLOWINSKI to appear, we shall consider briefly an optimization of domain problem, for a convenient class of feasible bidimensional domains in which occurs a stationary diffusion phenomenon. All results will be given without proof.


motorization assembly for a hybrid vehicle, intended to be complementary to a powertrain equipped with a thermal engine (2) and a transmission (4) driving a first axle of the vehicle (8), characterized in that it comprises a transmission (16) provided for driving the second vehicle axle (20) and an electric motor (10) and a hydraulic actuator (22) connected to this auxiliary transmission coupling means (14, 26 ).


This article analyzes the prominence of print in the Sufi ṭarīqa of Haji Imdadullah Muhajir Makki (d. 1899), a pre-eminent Indian Chishti-Sabri shaykh who settled in the Ottoman Hijaz after escaping North India in the aftermath of the 1857 mutiny. It explores the transregional contexts of the publication of Haji Imdadullah's works, in the long journey of his manuscripts from Mecca to their lithographic printing in North India and their distribution through Ottoman disciples as far as Istanbul. In this study two main lines of inquiry are followed. First, how did Imdadullah participate intimately from Mecca in the editing and publication of Arabic, Urdu, and Persian books in British India, including his famed commentary and critical edition of the Masnavi-yi Maʿnavi of Jalal al-Din Rumi (d. 1273)? Second, the article follows the emergence of broader scholarly exchanges as a series of Istanbul-based Mevlevi shaykhs became invested in Imdadullah's publications and even translated some from Persian to Ottoman Turkish. Ultimately, this article sheds light on how such Indian – Ottoman encounters in the Hijaz were catalyzed by a common investment in the Persianate disciplines of Sufi theology and classical Persian poetry in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a period typically seen as marking the shrinking and disintegration of the Persianate world. In so doing, the article highlights how modern Sufi discourse in Persian continued to facilitate intellectual exchange between Indian and Ottoman Sufi shaykhs through the Hijaz and formed an integral pillar of transregional Persianate print culture.


Background According to WHO adherence to medical treatment, both pharmacological and relative to diet or lifestyle, is the actual degree of coincidence between the individual patient behaviour and therapeutic prescriptions received by medical personnel. Failure to treat therapy is a key issue because it causes an increase in mortality and morbidity, with significant economic impact. An indicator used to assess adherence is medical possession ratio (MPR). It is defined as the number of days of dispensed therapy/number of days within the range of prescriptions. The scientific literature considers that adherent patients are those with MPR greater than or equal to 80. Purpose The aim of this study is to trace an intensity profile of adherence to ticagrelor therapy in a cohort of patients. Material and methods In order to fulfil this study, prescriptions received by the UOS Pharmacy from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016 were analysed. For each patient, sex, age, days of dispensed therapy and days within the range of prescriptions were collected and reported on a spreadsheet. Information was elaborated successively with the use of Statistica software. Results In the examined period, 87 patients received at least one package of ticagrelor and 69, which are the object of this study, two or more packages. No adverse reactions to the drug were reported during the period of time. Data analysis show a greater prevalence of males (50) than females (19), with most patients in the age range from 51 to 70 years, and an average age of 66 years. The youngest patient is 45 years' old, the oldest is 88. Data showed full adherence (MPR >90) by all females, while males with MPR >90 were 82 (61%). Non-adherent males (MPR <80) were 10%, while those with partial adherence (MPRs between 81 and 89) were 7%. Conclusion Extensive epidemiological information can help to improve and keep a high degree of adherence to drug therapies, particularly in the cardiovascular field. This is particularly important for both the 'patient's health and the economic viability of the national healthcare system, especially in the current context where resources are limited. No conflict of interest


Metal-hydride hydrogen atom transfer reaction (MHAT) plays an important role in the field of natural products synthesis. MHAT, as a powerful tool, has been employed by chemists to construct C-C,...