The errors introduced in the turee phases in which the operation of a Wilkinson type analog-to-digital converter can be divided, are analyzed. Following theoretical results, some design criteria are exposed, and three fully transistorized converters of increasing complexity are described. Linearity measurements of each converter and for different values of conversion constant are given. (auth)


This paper is concerned with the following supercritical Hénon equation with variable exponent
$$
\begin{cases}
-\Delta u=|x|^{\alpha}|u|^{2^*_\alpha-2+|x|^\beta}u&\text{in } B,\\
u=0 &\text{on } \partial B,
\end{cases}
$$%
where $B\subset\mathbb{R}^N$ $(N\geq 3)$ is the unit ball, $\alpha\!> \!0$,
$ 0\!< \!\beta\!< \!\min\{(N\!+\!\alpha)/2,N\!-\!2\}$ and $2^*_\alpha=({2N+2\alpha})/({N-2})$.
 We obtain the existence of positive ground state solution by applying the mountain
 pass theorem, concentration-compactness principle and approximation techniques.


Aerosol samples were collected at altitudes from 584 m a.s.l. to 3,804 m a.s.l. at seven sites of the eastern Tianshan. The occurrence, distribution, and possible sources of 47 trace metals—including alkali metals and alkali earth metals, transition metals, lanthanoids, and heavy metals—were investigated. It was found that four sampling sites (Shuinichang, 1,691 m a.s.l.; Urumqi City, 809 m a.s.l.; FuKang Station, 584 m a.s.l.; and Bogeda Glacier No. 4, 3,613 m a.s.l.) were contaminated mainly by heavy metals. Other three high-altitude sites (Urumqi Glacier No. 1, 3,804 m a.s.l.; WangFeng road-maintenance station, 3,039 m a.s.l.; and TianshanGlaciology Station, 2,135 m a.s.l.) were not polluted. The aerosol particles were clustered into two dominant types: crust-originated particles and pollution-derived particles. Aerosols from UG1, WF, and TGS were characterized by crust-originated particles such as clay, plagioclase, dolomite, alkali feldspar, and biotite; while those from SNC, Urumqi, FK, and BG4 were characterized by high content of Cl-rich particles, S-rich particles, and soot. The backward-trajectories results indicated that air masses arriving at SNC, Urumqi, FK, and BG4 were identified as the more polluted source, when compared to the short-range air mass transport from the North to UGI and WF. Relatively lower altitude, as well as terrain blocking, might be another important reason for the gradient difference in pollution influence among these seven places in the Urumqi River Basin.


Surf clam (Pseudocardium sybillae) which live in sandy beaches along the open sea in northern Japan is an important fishery resourses. There is a high mortality rate among young bivalves, which must be minimized to ensure their propagation.In this study, the burrowing behavior of young bivalves under oscillatory flow was experimentally investigated in order to understand the mortality process. The critical condition at which bivalve can burrow back into the sand was clarified. Also, the burrowing rates of bivalves with varying water temperature and sand diameter were clarified quantitatively.


Oda T, Hirota K, Nishi K, Takabuchi S, Oda S, Yamada H, Arai T, Fukuda K, Kita T, Adachi T, Semenza GL, Nohara R. Activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 during macrophage differentiation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 291: C104–C113, 2006. First published February 15, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00614.2005.—In the above article, blots in Figs. 2 and 7 were published incorrectly. Below are the corrected figures and revised Fig. 7 legend. The authors assert that the corrections do not affect the conclusions of the figures or the study.


(page number not for citation purposes) 2012, National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board of the Republic of Korea This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Facilitating the provision of detailed, deep and useful feedback is an important design feature of any educational programme. Here we evaluate feedback provided to medical students completing short transferable skills projects. Feedback quantity and depth were evaluated before and after a simple intervention to change the structure of the feedback-provision form from a blank free-text feedback form to a structured proforma that asked a pair of short questions for each of the six domains being assessed. Each pair of questions consisted of asking the marker 'what was done well?' and 'what changes would improve the assignment?' Changing the form was associated with a significant increase in the quantity of the feedback and in the amount and quality of feedback provided to students. We also observed that, for these double-marked projects, the marker designated as 'marker 1' consistently wrote more feedback than the marker designated 'marker 2' .


Based on the requirements of sustainable development and innovative design concept, Al films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering solves the paper based Al film forming technology of aluminum plated corrugated cardboard material so as to obtain new environmental protection. To explore the combination design, aluminum plated corrugated cardboard furniture design idea and concept of aluminum plated corrugated cardboard and other materials of the modular design, promotes the application and practical popularization value. The production of functional strong, stylish new aluminum plated corrugated cardboard furniture, can meet the needs of a growing social material production and life.


This digital broadcast reception device (100) has: a first broadcast reception system (110); a second broadcast reception system (120); an audio similarity detection/processing unit (131); a service list storage unit (132); and a reception monitoring unit (133) that transmits a notification signal (G1) to the first broadcast reception system (110) when a value indicating the reception state of a channel tuned to by means of the first broadcast reception system (110) has decreased. When the first broadcast reception system (110) receives the notification signal (G1), the first broadcast reception system (110) refers to the value indicating the degree of audio similarity of the service list stored by the service list storage unit (132), thereby determining that the program of the channel that the first broadcast reception system (110) is tuned to is the same program as the most similar program, and the channel is switched to a channel determined to have the same program.


A kind of active guidance radar based on the phased array with polarization diversity and its signal design problem is studied.The design idea of antenna array with polarization diversity and the radar system structure are introduced.For the designed radar transmitted signal,the linear frequency modulation(LFM) signal or the phase coded signal is adopted and the time domain waveform and polarization states can be changed simultaneously among pulse groups.The pulse compression technique is used to improve the detection range and range resolution,the pulse compression and orthogonal polarization coded technique are combined in order to improve the low probability of interception(LPI) performance effectively,and the polarization estimation and detection technique are adopted to improve the anti-jamming ability.The mathematical model of dual polarization transmitted signal is formulated,the processing method of dual polarization echo signal is discussed and the anti-jamming ability is simulated.The research results reveal that the novel guidance radar system has strong ability to suppress the frequency shift interference and time delay interference,so it has good performances in modern electronic warfare.


We demonstrated a continuous-wave laser using an anti-reflection coated Cr2+:CdSe crystal with transmission of 98 % at wavelength range from 2.0 to 2.7 μm and with relatively large laser damage threshold of 30 MW/cm2 for the first time. A maximum output power of 1 W at wavelength 2450 nm with an optical-optical efficiency of 48 % and a slope efficiency of 50 % was obtained when the incident pump power was 2.1 W.


This article examines the complex, paradoxical and tortuous relationship between human, nonhuman and the inhuman in the fiction of Franz Kafka and the philosophy of Hannah Arendt in connection with the issues of the ethical importance of being human and the political processes that produces the ideological concept of 'the human.' Whereas Arendt, as a philosopher, is especially concerned with the legal norms that should entitle every subject, even a stateless refugee, to appear as a member in a political community, Kafka, as a literary writer, analyzes the social norms of 'imagination that determine whether a human being appears to fellow human beings as a member of the human community at all.


In this paper,it introduced the consistent of the MSS-Mobile Scaffolding System,construction principle and equipment method.It is a way which not only will ensure the quality,but also accelerate the construction.It is a good method which will construct under the traffic is not interruption through applying in a bridge of the Yangtze River.


Abstract : The amount of pyridostigmine which can be tolerated without severe side effects appears to be related to the degree of impairment of neuromuscular transmission. Myasthenic patients may routinely ingest as much as several grams of pyridostigmine per day. Surgical patients whose normal nerve transmission is blocked by muscle relaxants can tolerate intravenous doses equivalent to oral doses of 300-600 mg. The studies in military personnel indicate that doses of 30 mg at eight hour intervals are tolerated by persons with normal neuromuscular transmission. Based on the results of the military studies and the general Lack of side effects other than overdose symptoms cited in the medical Literature after thirty years of extensive use, it can be concluded that administration of pyridostigmine to normal subjects is probably safe at Low doses, i.e. 30 mg at 8 hour intervals. Although normal subjects may tolerate somewhat higher doses without excessive side effects and without diminished task performance, there are no published reports of such studies.


Lithium-ion battery has been widely applied during daily life, and unstable state may cause system operation failure or accident. The accurate prediction of its remaining life is beneficial for maintenance and management, making the use of lithium-ion battery safer. The ssa-lstm (sparrow search algorithm based on long short-term memory) model is able to reduce the difficulty in adjusting the hyperparameters, offering a good prediction ability. However, it has strong local optimization capabilities, but weak global search capabilities, and is easy to fall into the local optimum. To predict the remaining life of lithium-ion battery more precisely, an improved sparrow algorithm is proposed in this paper. Aiming to solve the problems coming from the basic sparrow algorithm such as uneven distribution and individual repetition, the good node set method, crossover operator of genetic algorithm and cultural evolution framework are utilized to facilitate algorithm stability, convergence speed and calculation accuracy. The simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is superior in global search ability and local optimization accuracy.


As this was only done to ascertain a normal hearing distance for children, it was not carried further, and the numbers 194 are too few for any other generalizations. Other school tests' show defects of hearing to be chiefly catarrhal. Of children selected merely by inspection as mouth-breathers, from io to I5 per cent. present aural discharge, whilst of the remainder only about one-tenth this proportion show it. Children with such ears are generally neglected. The parents often take little notice of advice, and children who disturb the class by snoring in school may have notice after notice sent home ineffectually. Others have to be actually excluded for offensive discharges which the parents will not have remedied. The next generation needs inspiring with a sanitary conscience in such matters, and this will only be attained by the requirement of a certain amount of sanitary knowledge from every teacher who wishes to gain his certificate.-I am, etc., Medical Department, School Board for London, JAMES KERR. Nov. 3rd.


The well‐known limitations on the field of the quantum mechanical vector space, which, within the framework of the propositional logic of Birkhoff and von Neumann, can be obtained only for systems of dimension greater than or equal to four, are obtained here for all dimensions. The propositional logic fails to provide any information about the quantum systems of dimension less than four and, moreover, one does not know the empirical meaning of one of its basic assumptions. The Jordan algebra approach, on the other hand, which provides the same limitations on the field, also suffers from anomalies in low dimensions and is altogether formal rather than physical. In the present work, which is based on a recent study of the topological properties of quantum states, there are no low‐dimensional anomalies and the assumptions have clear empirical meaning.


In our study, the isolation, identification and optimization of Bacillus subtilis from soil samples were performed and the ability to produce α-amylase of industrial importance was investigated. Bacteria identified as B. subtilis by 16S rRNA analysis, morphological and biochemical tests. Maximum growth was determined at 32 hour, 37°C and pH 7.0. Enzyme optimization was performed after determination of bacterial amylase in starchy medium. Optimum conditions for amylase production were determined as 37°C, pH 7.0 and 48 h. When the effect of metals on enzyme activity was examined, it was determined that Cu2+ increased enzyme activity, Zn2+, Hg2+ and Fe2+ were partially inhibited the enzyme activity, and Ca2+ was showed close activity to the control. It was observed that carbon sources had inhibitory effect on bacterial growth and enzyme production.


Computational efforts for Alternative and Augmented Communication (AAC) must deal with two important issues, that slow down their spread: (1) the need for specific hardware and software in order to engage each different disability and (2) the different communication languages. This paper presents the PickNClick, a hardware/software apparatus that allows for ample AAC in Brazil. The PickNClick consists of a word and sentence prediction tool for Portuguese language to help people with cerebral palsy, in particular, spastic quadriplegic children. Experiments conducted presented good values concerning KSR metric and showed the software applicability cerebral palsy and spastic quadriplegic volunteer.


Organizations are adopting virtualization technology to reduce the cost while maximizing the productivity, flexibility, responsiveness, and efficiency. There are a variety of vendors for the virtualization environments, all of them claim that their virtualization hypervisor is the best in terms of performance. Furthermore, when a system administrator or a researcher want to deploy a virtual machine in a cloud environment, which vCPU-VM configuration is the best for better performance? In this paper, prior to evaluating the latest version of hypervisors (commercial and open source), the best virtual CPU to virtual machine (vCPU-VM) configuration as well as the effect of virtual CPUs on performance is analyzed for each hypervisor. We used Phoronix Test Suite (PTS) benchmarking tool as a traffic generator and analyzer. The results have shown that commercial and open source hypervisors have similar performance. As per our observation, the performance of a system would degrade by improper allocation of vCPUs to VMs, or when there is a massive over-allocation of vCPUs.


In this study, BAU (a scenario based on current trends) and ALT (a greener alternative with more renewables, higher energy efficiency) are developed. The external costs of CO 2 , NOx, SO 2 and PM 10 in the Vietnamese power sector are estimated at 20, 1328, 2047 and 1460 US$/ton, respectively. The authors find that the electricity price and the domestic trade balance in ALT are less sensitive to fluctuations in the international price of coal than in BAU. The total costs accumulated between period 2010-2040 would be lower in ALT: 632 billion US$ compared with 974 billion US$. This difference arises from several factors: lower investment in new capacity (226 vs 306 billion US$); lower local pollution costs (73 vs 137 billion US$); and lower expenditures on imported fuels (57 vs 115 billion US$). The outcomes of ALT are in accord with the targets in the most recent Green Growth Strategy of Vietnam.


The rate constants for the quenching of singlet oxygen by a series of nitroxyl radicals and some hindered amines were determined. It wa found that the abilities of nitroxyl radicals with different structures for quenching singlet oxygen are very similar but their photostabilizing efficiencies are remarkably different. The quenching efficiencies of tetramethyl piperidinol and its derivatives are much more lower than that of pentamethyl piperidinol and the corresponding derivatives, but the photostabilizing efficiencies of the former are better than that of the latter. It shows that the quenching action towards1O2 is not important during photostabiliza-tion of PP film by nitroxyl radicals and hindered amines. It would also imply the little contribution of singlet oxygen to photooxidation of PP film.


Purpose of this study is to predict the intentions of tourists to choose sustainable tourism destinations based on travel motivation, destination image, and word of mouth (WoM). Destination image factor is moderated by the knowledge factor. Survey targets domestic and international tourists who have visited or planned to travel at least one tourist destination around Belitung Island using the convenience sampling method. A total of 250 online questionnaires were distributed to tourists in popular tourism destinations on the island of Belitung and analyzed using the Smart PLS application. Findings of this study prove that all factors positively influence tourist intentions to choose sustainable tourism destinations. Furthermore, this research proves that tourism knowledge cannot moderate image of destination in intention of tourists to choose sustainable tourism destinations. Belitung Island is one of the main islands in Bangka Belitung Province which is developing tourism potential, especially in marine tourism. Stakeholders related to tourism on Belitung Island must find ways to encourage knowledge sharing among all interested parties and also outside their direct influence, namely information owned by tourists.


Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of double-port trans-umbilicus laparoscopic and mini-incision surgery in treatment of pediatric left indirect inguinal hernia.Methods Clinical date of 40 cases who underwent double-port trans-umbilicus laparoscopic surgery were retrospectively compared with those of 173 cases who underwent mini-incision surgery for left indirect inguinal hernia,including operative time,postoperative length of hospital stay,hospital cost,postoperative scrotal swelling and recurrence.Results There was no significant difference in the postoperative length of hospital stay between two groups,but the postoperative scrotal swelling in the laparoscopic surgery group showed significant advantage(17.5% vs.55.5%,P0.05),and the operative time and hospital cost in the open surgery group showed significant advantages[(24.27±14.395)min vs.(42.08±16.750)min,(5602.39±2508.223)yuan vs.(11 696.77±2602.759)yuan,each P0.05].Recurrence in 5 cases in the open surgery group,no other recurrence developed during the follow -up of 6 to 60 months.In addition,16 cases(16/40)of right occult hernia were found during operation in the laparoscopic surgery group.Conclusion Double-port trans-umbilicus laparoscopic surgery have the advantages of minimally invasion,detection of occult hernia and low complication,which should be promoted for treating left indirect inguinal hernia.


AIM To evaluate the rate of recurrence of symptomatic choledocholithiasis and identify factors associated with the recurrence of bile duct stones in patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) for bile duct stone disease. METHODS All patients who underwent ERCP and EST for bile duct stone disease and had their bile duct cleared from 1/1/2005 until 31/12/2008 was enrolled. All symptomatic recurrences during the study period (until 31/12/2015) were recorded. Clinical and laboratory data potentially associated with common bile duct (CBD) stone recurrence were retrospectively retrieved from patients' files. RESULTS A total of 495 patients were included. Sixty seven (67) out of 495 patients (13.5%) presented with recurrent symptomatic choledocholithiasis after 35.28 ± 16.9 mo while twenty two (22) of these patients (32.8%) experienced a second recurrence after 35.19 ± 23.2 mo. Factors associated with recurrence were size (diameter) of the largest CBD stone found at first presentation (10.2 ± 6.9 mm vs 7.2 ± 4.1 mm, P = 0.024), diameter of the CBD at the first examination (15.5 ± 6.3 mm vs 12.0 ± 4.6 mm, P = 0.005), use of mechanical lithotripsy (ML) (P = 0.04) and presence of difficult lithiasis (P = 0.04). Periampullary diverticula showed a trend towards significance (P = 0.066). On the contrary, number of stones, angulation of the CBD, number of ERCP sessions required to clear the CBD at first presentation, more than one ERCP session needed to clear the bile duct initially and a gallbladder in situ did not influence recurrence. CONCLUSION Bile duct stone recurrence is a possible late complication following endoscopic stone extraction and CBD clearance. It appears to be associated with anatomical parameters (CBD diameter) and stone characteristics (stone size, use of ML, difficult lithiasis) at first presentation.


In Italy in recent decades there has been a remarkable growth in corporate museums, which have significantly contributed to the anthropological notion of "cultural heritage" and the recognition of the company even as being cultural. These museums have become important tools for creating value for companies to which they belong and for the local area. In fact, the enhancement of place specific resources accumulated over the centuries in the area, made by those for the promotion of brand and corporate image, reverberates throughout the local economy and civil system, creating a considerable support for enhancement policies of the place. To achieve all possible benefits, however, significant innovations are needed, particularly with regard to product policies, processes and organisational structures. The work thus proposes to i) identify the potential of corporate museums to create value, especially as to the local socio-economic system, ii) focus on strategies and policies for optimum performance.


Hypolipidemic effect of curcumin is in concurrence with other studies. Soni et al 2 have previously shown the hypocholesterolemic effect of curcumin in human volunteers. Curcumin is reported to have hypolipidemic effect in cholesterol fed rabbits, hypercholesterolemic rats and streptozotocin diabetic rats. This could be due to an increase in HDL cholesterol, indicating that curcumin may be mobilizing cholesterol from extra hepatic tissues to the liver where it is catabolised. Curcumin is reported to activate the rate limiting step in cholesterol catabolism, that is, cholesterol 7-α-hydroxylase thereby stimulating the conversion of cholesterol to bile acid, an important pathway in the degradation of cholesterol. The present study shows that the reduction in total cholesterol and triglycerides by curcumin is not attributed to a decrease in absorption of lipids from diet, as lipids (diet) were not administered during the study. Hepatic cholesterol synthesis is accelerated by triton WR 1339. Moreover, triton physically alters very low density lipoproteins rendering them refractive to the action of lipolytic enzymes of blood and tissues, preventing or delaying their removal from blood. Hence the hypolipidemic effect of curcumin administration could be due to an increased catabolism of cholesterol into bile acids.


Abstract : A description is given of a modulation radiometer in the near infrared region in which glowing phosphorus is used as the receiving element.


ABSTRACT As an important branch of reversible data hiding, reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDH-EI) can embed secret message into images, but also effectively protect the privacy of the images in an open environment. Most of the recently proposed RDH-EI methods are based on the public-key cryptosystem. However, the expansion rate of the public-key cryptosystem is too high to make the information transmission more difficult. In this paper, to achieve a low expansion rate, a hybrid encryption combined with Paillier cryptosystem and stream cipher is proposed. The original image is partitioned into non-overlapping blocks, which are selected as two categories of blocks and encrypted by a hybird encryption with a low expansion rate. The embedding capacity of these two types of blocks is determined by the adaptive optimization algorithm. Hidden data are embedded into images by modifying ciphertexts according to the data hiding key. In the decoding phase, the embedded data can be extracted, and the original image can be recovered with the encryption key and data hiding key. Experimental results show that the low expansion rate can be obtained with a relatively high PSNR compared with some state-of-the-art methods.


The draft European Constitution crafted in the interval between the terrorist attacks of 9/11 in New York and those taken place in Moscow, Madrid, was concluded shortly before the attacks on public transportation in London in 2005, including what is called a solidarity clause (art. 42) and its implementation modalities (art. III-329), however after various vicissitudes, it was never ratified by the Member States and felt into oblivion; while it remained a driving force in the subsequent Lisbon Treaty in force since 2009 as, section 222 in the fifth part under Title VII.


Recent advances in the field of acoustic holography have shown it to be a very promising technique for the non-destructive imaging of the interiors of opaque objects. High resolution acoustical holography would enable the mapping and characterization of minute hidden flaws in materials, and facilitate the study of their temporal propagation. Acoustical methods are particularly well suited to the visualization of flaws because the large impedance mismatch presented by such a defect causes a strong reflected signal and a pronounced display. It may well be possible to visualize features of a specimen which go undetected by conventional methods.


This paper describes a density clustering algorithm(DBSCAN algorithm) in data mining,then an optimization of the algorithm method is the use of space technology in one of the index-R+ algorithm to optimize the tree,thereby reducing the time complexity of algorithms to improve the operating efficiency of algorithms.Finally,the research comes up with the visualization interface of the algorithm in the project application.


This study was conducted to determine the effect of different planting times on yield and characters of different mint varieties (Mentha arvensis var. piperascens, M. piperita Mitcham, M. piperita Eskisehir Nanesi and M. piperita Prilubskaja). The field trials were carried out at GAP Agricultural Research Station of Cukurova University, Faculty of Agriculture in the Harran Plain conditions in years of 1993 and 1994. Autumn transplants gave higher herb yields and essential oil contents than plants transplanted in spring. The highest herb and essential oil yields were obtained from M. piperita Prilubskaja mint variety. Also the level of essential oil was affected by planting times and mint varieties.


Mitochondrions are "the plant of power" with cell,supplying the energy which body depends on all the time in every biology chemical reaction or action of livers.More depended on energy the organ and tissues,such as striated muscles,brain,kidney,small intestine mucous membrane and so on,more closely relation with the state of mitochondrions' functions.Because the characteristic of mitochondrion above mentioned is similar to spleen in many ways,which has the fame of "the source of Qi and blood" and "the material basis of the acquired constitution". The article compared the theory of spleen in TCM with the characteristic of mitochondrion's functions,and the result suggest that they are same concepts.The mitochondrion is the essence of the spleen in five Zang in TCM.


This paper describes a method for the detection and tracking of human face and facial features. Skin segmentation is learnt from samples of an image. After detecting a moving object, the corresponding area is searched for clusters of pixels with a known distribution. Since we only use the hue (color) component this process is quite insensitive to illumination changes. The face localization procedure looks for areas in the segmented area which resemble a head. Using simple heuristics, the located head is searched and its centroid is fed back to a camera motion control algorithm which tries to keep the face centered in the image using a pan-tilt camera unit. Furthermore the system is capable of tracking, in every frame, the three main features of a human face. Since precise eye location is computationally intensive, an eye and mouth locator using fast morphological and linear filters is developed. This allows for frame-by-frame checking, which reduces the probability of tracking a non-basis feature, yielding a higher success ratio. Velocity and robustness are the main advantages of this fast facial feature detector.


The author considers the reasons why Russia failed to achieve significant economic growth. The country has been in stagnation and crisis for the last 10 years. He analyzes the socio-economic system created in Russia - a state-oligarchic monopoly with an undeveloped market and a backward social sphere. In the final part, the author presents the opinions of experts on the fundamental changes necessary for the socio-economic system of the country for the transition to sustainable growth. This is the organization of a financial afterburner, an increase in investment in fixed and human capital, the reproduction of "long" money in the economy, the turn of the banking and budgetary system to the tasks of the country's socio-economic development based on the transition to innovative development with a priority increase in the well-being of the population.


Potentiodynamic polarization technique,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and weight loss methods were employed to study the effect of pH on the corrosion behavior of 1# and 2# hull steels in sea water.The experimental results showed that the corrosion potentials of 1# and 2# steels are a little higher at the pH of 9.5 in the pH scale of 6.5~9.5,and their corrosion rates decreased almost linearly with increasing pH.


Time averages, a standard tool in the analysis of environmental data, suffer severely from long‐range correlations. The sample size needed to obtain a desired small confidence interval can be dramatically larger than for uncorrelated data. We present quantitative results for short‐ and long‐range correlated Gaussian stochastic processes. Using these, we calculate confidence intervals for time averages of surface temperature measurements. Temperature time series are well known to be long‐range correlated with Hurst exponents larger than 1/2. Multidecadal time averages are routinely used in the study of climate change. Our analysis shows that uncertainties of such averages are as large as for a single year of uncorrelated data.


Aim: To identify the causes of childhood blindness seen in children 16 years and below in Lagos, Nigeria.
Materials and Method: The case notes of children aged 16 years and below seen between November 1994 and June 1998, at the Guinness Eye Centre, L.U.T.H., Lagos were analyzed for age, sex, visual acuity, pregnancy, antenatal, delivery and post-natal history. The feeding pattern, milestones and immunization status were also documented.
Result: Out of a total 7,599 new cases, 1,068 (14.1%) were children aged 16 years and below. Sixty-six (6.1%) of these children were blind on presentation and discharge. The causes of bilateral childhood blindness include congenital and developmental cataracts, cortical blindness, congenital glaucoma and complications of measles and harmful traditional eye medications. Trauma related causes of blindness like traumatic cataract, hyphaema and chemical burns were the commonest cause of uni-ocular blindness.
Conclusion: Congenital and childhood eye diseases as well as trauma related complications are the common causes of blindness (bilateral and uni-ocular) seen in these children.
Recommendation: Prevention of childhood blindness through health education, good nutrition, prompt and adequate treatment of these children on presentation and avoidance of use of harmful traditional eye medications is advocated.


An approach is presented for the stable covalent immobilization of Upase from Candida rugosa on Eupergit® with a high retention of hydrolytic activity. It comprises covalent bonding via lipase carbohydrate moiety previously modified by periodate oxidation, allowing a reduction in the involvement of the enzyme functional groups that are probably important in the catalytic mechanism. The hydrolytic activities of the lipase immobilized on Eupergif1 by two conventional methods (via oxirane group and via glutaralde-hyde) and with periodate method were compared. Results of lipase assays suggest that periodate method is superior for lipase immobilization on Eupergit® among methods applied in this study with respect to both, yield of immobilization and hydrolytic activity of the immobilized enzyme.


In order to intensify the process of catalytic synthesis of m- and p-xylylenediamine - valuable intermediate synthesis of polymer materials were conducted hydrogenation reactions of isophthalo-, terephthalonitriles with promoted catalysts based on Ni-Raney alloys Ni : Al = 1 : 1 in an alcoholic medium under a hydrogen pressure in the presence of ammonia. It is established, that the activity of the catalyst Ni-Nbsk was 2-3 times higher than Ni-Tisk and Ni-Mgsk and 4-5 times higher than the activity of Ni-Raney (Nisk). It is shown that in aliphatic alcohols (1-4) in a ratio of nitrile: ammonia = 1: 3 (g/g), P (H2) = 4.0 MPa and T = 80 ° output of m-, p-xylylenediamine is on Ni-Nbsk catalyst 95-97 % . With increasing molecular weight of the alcohol the hydrogenation rate of izoftalo-, tereftalnitrile in a solvent decrease.


Field investigations were conducted at the western limestone plateau of Assiut Governorate which is located 300 km south of Cairo between 26° 20 00 = to 27° 40 00 = N latitude and 30° 30 00 = to 31° 40 00 = E longitude. The current work was initiated to recognize the agricultural potentiality of this area. The study aimed to assessing the prevailing hydro-physical soil properties and the suitable management practices for agricultural utilization. The study revealed that Soil texture is mostly coarse (sand, loamy sand and sandy loam). Calcium carbonate content ranges between 13.10 and 85.90% and soil bulk density varies from 1.36 to 1.88 Mg/m 3 . The soil salinity (ECe) differs from non-saline (ECe = 2.7 dS/m) to extremely saline (ECe = 86.1 dS/m). The soil reaction could be considered alkaline since the pH values range between7.9 to 8.9. The saturated soil hydraulic conductivity indicated that soils can be categorized between low to excessive permeability. The soil moisture characteristics show a marked decrease in soil moisture content (50%) when the soils were subjected to pressure above one atmosphere. Groundwater salinity ranges between EC .0779 and 1.027 dS/m. Special care would be implemented with respect to agricultural practices. The drainable pores (QDP+SDP) value was about 24.4% representing about 65.59% of the total porosity. The value of capillary pores (WHP+FCP) was about 12.7 % representing about 34.14 % of the total porosity.


Low socioeconomic status has been shown to have detrimental effects on cognitive performance, including working memory (WM). As executive systems that support WM undergo functional neurodevelopment during adolescence, environmental stressors at both individual and community levels may have a particularly strong impact on cognitive outcomes. Here, we sought to examine how neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) impacts task-related activation of the executive system during adolescence, and to determine whether this effect mediates the relationship between neighborhood SES and WM performance. To address these questions, we studied 1,158 youths (age 8-22) that completed a fractal n-back WM task during fMRI at 3T as part of the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. We found that higher neighborhood SES was associated with greater activation of the executive system to WM load, including the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, and precuneus. These associations remained significant when controlling for related factors like parental education and exposure to traumatic events. Furthermore, high dimensional multivariate mediation analysis identified two distinct patterns of brain activity within the executive system that significantly mediated the relationship between neighborhood SES and task performance. Together, these findings underscore the importance of the neighborhood environment in shaping executive system function and WM in youth.


By considering the poor monitoring conditions of universal coating equipments with low stability,precision and automation level,a new kind of photoelectricity-control-analysis system was developed.Based on double-frequency modulation,a photoelectric test system with four-light beams was put forward.A dual-lock-phase circuit system and a comprehensive digital processing system with compound filter were used to process monitoring signals,and all automation-monitoring functions were achieved with a control-analysis system.The experimental results show that standard deviation of Thin Film Thickness(TFT) is equal to or less than 0.55%,and signal-noise ratio approaches to 1 000.A very good linearity of numeral display is obtained and the display resolution limit on reflectivity is 0.02%.The linearity of static drift is very high,the drift ratio is less than 1.95%/h,and the static stabilities are double superior to that of universal system.It is concluded that proposed system has advantages of the static and dynamic stabilities,the signal-noise ratio,and the control precision for TFT.


Critics have argued for more than 100 years that in Volume 3 of Capital Marx failed to solve his 'transformation problem', failed to reconcile separate systems of values with prices, and simultaneously value inputs and outputs at closing prices, and doing so showed his solution was inconsistent, fatally undermining his labour theory of value. From the 1980s the 'New Interpretation' (NI), the 'Simultaneous single-system interpretation' (SSSI), and the 'Temporal single-system interpretation' (TSSI) challenged this standard interpretation to differing degrees. The paper supports their criticisms of its 'dual system' and 'simultaneist' interpretations by showing that they are inconsistent with Marx's theory of capitalist accounting, but goes beyond them by arguing that it underlies his theory of value. It supports the NI's focus on Marx's core claim that only 'socially necessary labour time' adds money value to commodities, but reinforces the SSSI's criticism of its dual-system accounting for constant capital. It supports the TSSI's dismissal of charges of 'inconsistency' in Marx's theory by rejecting both dual system and simultaneist readings, but qualifies and clarifies its 'temporal' accounting for input price changes. Accepting that Marx's theory is logical, the paper argues that we can test its empirical validity by understanding it as a theory of capitalist control. Marx had no 'transformation problem' to solve as economists pose it, of transforming socially necessary labour times into prices of production to give all capitalists the general rate of profit, but an accounting problem. He solved the reverse of the economists' problem, showed how capitalists transform the general rate of profit and prices of production into socially necessary labour time, eventually working out that capitalists' did this by measuring 'capital' as the 'money value of socially necessary labour time', which is equal for identical use-values. The history of capitalism had solved the 'transformation problem' by requiring individual capitalists to take control of the valorisation process and pursue 'cost-price', what accountants today call 'standard' or 'target' costs. This discovery, the paper argues, explains Marx's decisions to change the title of his project to Capital, and to begin by assuming that the price of a commodity equals the money value of the socially necessary labour time for its production. It argues that capitalist accounting practice supports Marx's claim that the sum of the profits of all individual enterprises is society's total surplus value; that an individual enterprise's profit is a 'fragment' of society's surplus value, challenging the view that we cannot use Marx's theory to explain the prices of commodities and the profits of individual capitalist firms. It dissolves the apparently incorrigible problem of allocating joint costs, including fixed capital. It concludes that Marx's Capital provides a testable theory of how capitalists use accounts to control enterprises collectively to produce, circulate, and simultaneously distribute, surplus value from the exploitation of labour, so that every capitalist gets an equal return on capital.


The stoichiometry of the thermal decomposition of nitrosyl cyanide was investigated. Nitrogen-15 was used as a tracer to obtain information about the mechanism of the reaction. (LK)


The increasing popularity of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) has resulted in exponential growth of the market owing to numerous applications that have been facilitated by advances in battery technology and wireless communications. Given the successes of UAVs thus far, researchers are already gearing towards aerial transport systems that consist of dense deployment of both UAVs and Personal Aerial Vehicles (PAVs) with human passengers. Although the fifth-generation mobile network (5G) key performance indicators have been optimised to support drone use cases for both high data rates and low latency applications, future aerial transport systems will require stricter network key performance indicators to support the expected massive deployment of aerial vehicles taking into account network capacity and distance between the base station and the aerial vehicles, among others. In this article, we present our perspective, vision, architecture, requirements and key performance indicators for future aerial wireless networks supported by 6G for Urban Air Mobility (UAM). Furthermore, we review key enabling technologies and discuss future challenges for incorporating aerial wireless networks in 6G.


Resonance phenomena related to Bessel function roots appearing in several diverse areas of physics, namely, electron transport in solids, atom excitation under the influence of light, spin evolution under applied magnetic fields, device design in Josephson junction arrays, motion in optical lattices, dynamics of Bose condensates, nuclear magnetic resonance as a probe of confined spaces and laser damage in materials, are discussed in the context of a unified picture.


Proposals to reauthorize No Child Left Behind seek to ensure "equitable" access to effective teachers. The U.S. Department of Education's Race to the Top fund rewards state plans for "ensuring equitable distribution of effective teachers and principals" and for "ambitious yet achievable annual targets to increase the number and percentage of highly effective teachers ... in high-poverty schools." These objectives pose a number of challenging questions. How readily can we identify effective teachers? And, perhaps most crucially, what are promising strategies for seeking to increase the number of effective teachers in high-poverty schools and communities? Addressing these questions are two of the leading authorities on the topic: Education Trust chief Kati Haycock and Stanford University and Hoover Institution economist Eric Hanushek. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Education Next: What is the evidence that inner-city schools are shortchanged on high-quality teachers? Eric Hanushek: Inner-city schools and especially those serving the most disadvantaged students routinely display unacceptable achievement levels, ones that seal their students off from further education and from good jobs. Coupled with the general finding that effective teachers are the key to a high-quality school, it is natural to infer that the children most in need are systematically getting the poorest teachers. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Unfortunately, direct evidence on the distribution of teacher quality and its impact for disadvantaged students is hard to come by. Researcher Marguerite Roza and others have produced considerable evidence that teachers in schools serving the most-disadvantaged students have lower average salaries, reflecting in large part the movement of more-experienced teachers away from schools with a higher proportion of minority students and with lower-achieving students. There is also evidence that these schools tend to have more teachers with emergency credentials and without regular certification, although this appears to be declining over time. The problem is that these readily measured attributes of teachers have virtually nothing to do with teacher effectiveness. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Extensive research on teacher quality by me and others suggests that the only attribute of teacher effectiveness that stands out is being a rookie teacher. Teachers in their first three years do a less satisfactory job than they will with more experience. And this has an impact on schools serving highly disadvantaged populations, because the more-experienced teachers who leave these schools are generally replaced with new teachers. The net impact of this on disadvantaged schools is unclear, because there is also some evidence that the experienced teachers who leave these schools are on average not their most effective teachers. Kati Haycock: No matter what measure of "quality" you look at, poor and minority students--and not just those in inner-city schools--are much less likely to he assigned better-qualified and more-effective teachers. Core academic classes in high-poverty secondary schools are twice as likely as those in low-poverty schools to be taught by a teacher with neither a major nor certification in the subject. The percentage of first-year teachers at high-minority schools is almost twice as high as the percentage of such teachers at low-minority schools. The list of disgraceful statistics goes on and on. Even if we dismiss traditional measures as imperfect gauges of true teaching quality, new studies employing more-sophisticated measures reveal the same inequitable patterns. When the Tennessee Department of Education analyzed the state's Value-Added Assessment System--which measures the impact of individual teachers on their students' tested academic growth--it found that "low-income and minority children have the least access to the state's most effective teachers and more access to the state's least effective teachers. …


This research is quantitative research that aims to determine the extent of mastery of science process skills of grade XI students of the Science Department in four high schools in Yogyakarta and find out the differences in mastery of science process skills of grade XI students of the Science Department in four high schools in Yogyakarta. The subjects of this study were 127 grade IX students majoring in science in several high schools in Yogyakarta. The results showed that the mastery level of students majoring in science at four high schools in Yogyakarta was still at a sufficient level. There are significant differences in the level of mastery of science process skills from science majors from the four schools used as research sites. Mastery of science process skills of science students majoring in the aspect of identifying variables still needs improvement while mastery of science process skills in defining variables operationally, and designing research / experiments is still at a sufficient level. The ability to present/interpret data and formulate hypotheses is a skill that students master well.Keywords: Science Process Skills, Science Major Students


Amal Products Ltd (APL) was a company situated in the southern part of Gujarat manufacturing intermediate dyes and specialty chemicals, mainly for the textile market. The company incurred losses in 1998 due to the recession in the textile industry and fierce competition from Chinese manufacturers as well as local manufacturers who sold their products at much lower rates than APL. In response to the competition APL went for cost reduction and offered voluntary retirement scheme (VRS) to its employees as one of the measures to reduce cost. 51 out of 264 employees opted for VRS. The case explains the process of VRS adopted by the company and how it helped to save costs. It highlights the role of the human resource department in the successful implementation of VRS and the role of line managers. It explains how a VRS should be handled so that the survivors remain productive. It also mentions the role of various stakeholders in the implementation of VRS. The company has reported profits in 2002.


The invention relates to a device for processing optical fibers, comprising: a pair of pulleys (1, 2) arranged to receive in a space between them a first optical fiber element (4), and a drive mechanism. In order to obtain a device capable of efficiently and reliably processing optical fibers the first pulley (1) in the pair of pulleys comprises a circumferential first groove (5) in a circumferential contact surface (6) for receiving the first optical fiber element (4), the first groove (5) being shaped to accommodate the first optical fiber element (4) such that less than half of the cross sectional surface area of the first optical fiber element (4) protrudes out of the first groove (5), and a second pulley (2) in the pair of pulleys comprises a circumferential contact surface (7) contacting a surface of the first optical fiber element (4).


Abstract Aim To evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and dental development in the children in age-group of 6–13 years of Malwa region. Materials and methods A total of 250 orthopantomograms (OPGs) of children aged 6–13 years (130 males and 120 females) collected from the Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, who came for their routine dental treatment. The chronological age, height, and weight were recorded, followed by calculating the BMI of each patient using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts. The dental age was calculated using Cameriere's method. The comparison of the dental and chronological age was done using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results The dental age of underweight patients was significantly lesser than that of the normal, overweight, and obese patients (p-value of <0.05). The dental age of the obese patients were greatest and significantly greater than that of the underweight, normal, and overweight patients (p-value of <0.05). Conclusion Dental age is significantly associated with the BMI of children aged 6–13 years. The dental age of obese and overweight children is significantly greater than the chronological age. Clinical significance Predicting the stage of dental development and eruption periods in children with mixed dentition can help with the sequencing and timing of orthodontic, prosthodontic, and surgical procedures. How to cite this article Selkari V, Saxena A, Parihar A, et al. Evaluation of Relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Dental Development in the Children in Age-group of 6–13 years of Malwa Region: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(2):333-337.


This thesis deals with the design of the technology which is used to import field data originated within the Czech national forest inventory. Concepts of data warehouses and ETL processes serving to periodic data migration are described in theoretical part of the thesis. For demonstration purposes, four ETL tools - software applications Clover, Apatar, Scriptella and SQL Workbench/J, have been applied to import and export example data. A practical outcome of the thesis is a software application that allows loading data from source measurement projects (MS Access files) and storing them into selected data tables in the target PostgreSQL database.


Magnetic fields (MF) in the Local Supercluster (LSC) of galaxies may have profound consequences for the propagation of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR). Faraday rotations measurements provide some informations about MF in compact clusters. However, very few is known about less dense regions and about the global structure of MF in the LSC. In order to get a better knowledge of these fields we are performing constrained magnetohydrodynamical simulations of the LSC magnetic field. We will present the results of our simulation and discuss their implications for the angular distribution of expected UHECR deflections.


Because of the rich and varied resources in internet and social entertainment communities, more and more people or groups are spending their time on discovering the social relationship between others, or finding the core figures for business, political or security reason. In this paper, we build up an SNM solution by analyzing users' static attribute and interaction of BBS to mine what kinds of attitudes they show to others and what kind of relationship between them using data mining technology, to establish users' social network, and to find out the key figures in networks.


Introduction: Published reports suggest negative effect of exclusion of antegrade hypogastric artery flow on erectile function after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVR). This has stimulated new bran...


Objective To investigate the anti tumor effect of IL 12 administration into the portal system in treatment of the liver metastasis in mice. Methods 1×10 5 of MCA 205 were injected into the portal vein to establish murine liver metastasis model, and the spleen was transpositioned subcutaneously for administration of IL 12 continually into the portal system. From day 3 to 7, 0 1 μg IL 12 was administered intraperitoneally or intra splenicly, while HBSS was injected intra splenicly in the control group. Tumors in the liver were examined on day 20. Results The liver weight in the IL 12 intraperitoneal treatment group (1 33±0 08 g) and in the IL 12 intra splenic treatment group (1 29±0 07 g) was significantly less than those in the HBSS group (1 92±0 17 g, P0 05). The number of metastatic nodules in the IL 12 intraperitoneal treatment group (1 53±0 58) and in the IL 12 intra splenic treatment group (0 60±0 89) was significantly less than that in the HBSS group (18 25±5 71, P0 05). Complete regression of the tumor was observed in three of six mice of IL 12 intra splenic treatment group. Conclusion Local administration of IL 12 into the portal system would be a useful strategy for the liver metastasis treatment.


The invention discloses a positioning device used for a container. The positioning device used for the container comprises a battery module (1), a control module (2), a global position system (GPS) positioning module (3), a general packet radio service (GPRS) communication interface module (4) and a touch switch (5) which is arranged in an installation positioning hole of the container. The control module (2) is respectively connected with the GPS positioning module (3), the GPRS communication interface module (4) and the touch switch (5). The touch switch (5) is touched and sends signals to the control module (2) when the container is assembled or disassembled, the control module (2) acquires current geographical location information through the GPS positioning module (3) and outputs the current geographical location information through the GPRS communication interface module (4). The positioning device used for the container has the advantages of being low in power consumption, safe and reliable, long in service life and extensive in application range.


Intercellular communication by gap junctions has been implicated to function in the control of cell growth and differentiation in osseous tissues—processes which are regulated, in part, by peptide growth factors, including transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) and the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Using the osteoblastic cell line MC3T3‐E1, we tested the hypothesis that the effects of TGF‐β and BMPs on cell proliferation may be correlated to changes in intercellular communication. In a series of proliferation assays, MC3T3‐E1 cells were cultured in the presence of bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) or TGF‐β for up to 48 hr. Proliferation of cells during the linear log phase (days 2 to 4) was assessed by 3H‐thymidine (3H‐TdR) incorporation. After times ranging from 6 to 48 hr, BMP‐2 significantly inhibited uptake of 3H‐TdR at doses of 50–800 ng/ml. Similarly, TGF‐β inhibited uptake of 3H‐TdR at doses of 2–32 ng/ml. In a separate group of experiments, intercellular communication through gap junctions was demonstrated by cell‐cell transfer of the fluorescent tracer, lucifer yellow, after microinjection. One series of experiments showed that the gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) of cells, incubated for 48 hr in the presence of the higher dose of osteogenin (OG) (5.0 vs. 0.5 μg/ml) or higher dose of TGF‐β (2.0 vs. 0.2 ng/ml), was significantly inhibited compared to control. In another series of experiments, time and dose dependent effects of BMP‐2 and TGF‐β on GJIC were investigated. In the time course experiments (3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hr), TGF‐β (2.0 ng/ml) demonstrated a statistically significant effect in inhibiting GJIC as early as 6 hr, while BMP‐2 (50 ng/ml) inhibited GJIC after 24 and 48 hr of treatment. The dose‐dependent effects of BMP‐2 and TGF‐β on cell couplings, determined at 48 hr, showed significant inhibitory effects with BMP‐2 at 25 and 50 ng/ml and with TGF‐β at 2 and 4 ng/ml. The cell count results and injection study performed at 12 hr, at a fixed cell density, confirmed that the inhibitory effect was not due to differences in cell density. The 50% effective inhibitory concentrations (EC50) calculated for BMP‐2 and TGF‐β at 48 hr, showed no dose correlation between proliferation and GJIC, suggesting that these two events are independent occurrences. Additionally, marked morphological change was observed in the cells treated with TGF‐β. The observation may suggest that TGF‐β may have effects upon cytoskeletal elements in osseous tissues. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


We define a regulator map from the weight n polylogarithmic motivic complex to the weight n Deligne complex of an algebraic variety X. The regulator map is constructed explicitly via the classical polylogarithms with some funny combinations of Bernoulli numbers as coefficients. This leads to conjectures on special values of L-functions at s=n which reduce to Zagier's conjecture when X is of dimension zero over Q.
The cone of this map, shifted by one, should be called the Arakelov motivic complex of X. Its last cohomology group is identified with a group of codimension n Arakelov cycles on X.


This article expounds some considerations based on the analysis of presupposed theories which are part of a doctorate research. It analyzes the current continued preparation received by secondary teacher of Cuban geography and presents a proposal of workshops that takes on a developing approach and contributes to the quality of the teaching learning process of the subject.


3D imaging technologies have undergone massive revolution in recent years. Despite this rapid development, documentation of 3D cultural assets in Malaysia is still very much reliant upon conventional techniques such as measured drawings and manual photogrammetry. There is very little progress towards exploring new methods or advanced technologies to convert 3D cultural assets into 3D visual representation and visualization models that are easily accessible for information sharing. In recent years, however, the advent of computer vision (CV) algorithms make it possible to reconstruct 3D geometry of objects by using image sequences from digital cameras, which are then processed by web services and freeware applications. This paper presents a completed stage of an exploratory study that investigates the potentials of using CV automated image-based open-source software and web services to reconstruct and replicate cultural assets. By selecting an intricate wooden boat, Petalaindera, this study attempts to evaluate the efficiency of CV systems and compare it with the application of 3D laser scanning, which is known for its accuracy, efficiency and high cost. The final aim of this study is to compare the visual accuracy of 3D models generated by CV system, and 3D models produced by 3D scanning and manual photogrammetry for an intricate subject such as the Petalaindera. The final objective is to explore cost-effective methods that could provide fundamental guidelines on the best practice approach for digital heritage in Malaysia.


This paper examines the relationship between nutrition and rural labor productivity using height and calorie intake as measures of nutrition and health status. The study is based on data from a survey of 956 households conducted in Bangladesh between 1996 and 1997. The paper focuses on adult male agricultural wage earners.


Based on the documentary analysis and the expert interview,considering the principles of table tennis teaching and the teaching practice,we operated the teaching experiment in the optional table-tennis couse of "competition style" in colleges.The result shows that the experimental group has better performance than that of the contrast group,especially in terms of the capacity to fight actual battles.So,the" competition style" can be applied to the table tennis optional course.


Objective: This research was designed to compare the effectiveness of intramuscular progesterone and vaginal progesterone to support luteal phase in IVF cycles. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial 182 infertile patients between 20-40 years old were selected for rapid ZIFT cycles. In order to support luteal phase Cyclogest suppository (400 mg BID) was used for 77 cases and the rest used intramuscular progesterone (100 mg daily). Pregnancy and abortion rates were compared between two groups. Results: Chemical pregnancy rate (positive s-HCG) was %27.3 in Cyclogest group and %30.6 in intramuscular progestrone group (P = 0.7). Clinical pregnancy (gestational sac visible by transvaginal ultrasound) was observed in %22.1 of cases in Cyclogest group and %27.1 of cases in intramuscular progestrone group (P = 0.4). Ongoing pregnancy rate (fetal heart action visible by transvaginal ultrasound) was %15.6 in Cyclogest group and %18.8 in intramuscular progesterone group (P = 0.6). Conclusion: Chemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy and ongoing pregnancy rates were similar in vaginal and intramuscular progestrone groups.


Abstract The surface tensions of tetradecylmethylnaphthalene sulfonate (TMNS) surfactant aqueous solution and the dynamic interfacial tension (DIT) between crude oil, from Shandong Shengli oil field of China, and the surfactant solution without alkaline, was measured. Results indicate that the TMNS surfactant had great capability and efficiency of lowering the solution surface tension. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) is 0.001 mass% and the surface tension at this concentration is 28.19 mN.m−1. It was also found that the TMNS surfactant is greatly effective in reducing the interfacial tensions and can lower the tension of crude oil-water interface to ultra-low at very low concentration, 0.002 mass%, without alkali and other additives. Both chromatogram separation of flooding and breakage of stratum are avoided effectively. The lower salinity is favorable for the flooding systems, lowering the DIT. The synthesized TMNS surfactant flooding systems without alkali and sodium chloride, decreasing the cost of oil recovery and avoiding the stratum being destroyed, would have a great prospect for enhanced oil recovery (EOR).


The integration of immigrants is one of the most challenging issue a government should manage nowadays. Supporting access to the labour market involves migrants to work in a new cultural and entrepreneurial contest.
In this paper, we investigate on the relationship between migrants' integration policies and self-employment rates at country level.
In previous literature there are not findings which suggest whether promoting integration of migrants could increase entrepreneurial rates in a country: in order to fill this gap, we conduct an empirical analysis, collecting data of entrepreneurship levels (provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor) and policy measures of integration (provided by the Migrant Integration Policy Index).
We analyse the effect of integration policies on entrepreneurial activity of 38 countries from 2010 to 2014.
We find that the general effect of integration policies on entrepreneurship is positive. We notice that typology of policy promoted by governments is a variable that affect entrepreneurship in different ways: supporting education and family reunion influences positively entrepreneurship, but promoting anti-discrimination measures disincentives migrants to start businesses.


A comparative analysis of three distinct classes of self-sufficient nuclear energy systems is undertaken: 1) fast breeder-converter system; 2) deuterium-tritium fusion reactor; and 3) fusion-fission hybrid/symbiont. Consistent power and isotope balances are imposed and relevant performance criteria are established. While no one system seems to excel in all physical criteria, the authors find that the improved neutron economy of the combined fusion-fission system provides the basis for a substantial and enhanced range of fuel and energy production capacity.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate the prominence of mechanical excitations at the time of welding. In the past years, the process of welding technology has expanded its influence in manufacturing. The crucial drawback of conventional welding is prompted by internal stresses and distortions, which is the focal reason for weld defects. These weld defects can be diminished by the process called post-weld heat treatment (PWHT), which consumes more working hours and needs skilled workers. To replace these PWHT processes, mechanical vibrations are introduced during the process of welding to diminish these weld defects.,In the current research, the mechanical vibrations are transferred to weld-pool through vibro-motor and DC motor connected to the electrode. As per standards, the tensile test specimens were prepared for welding with different voltages of vibro-motor and DC motor respectively. The weld joints were tested for tensile strength and analyzed the microstructure at the fusion zone.,Melt-ability at fusion zone of 1018 mild steel was investigated by the single-stroke intense heat process of fusion welding. It is observed that the mechanical vibrations technique has a profound influence on the enhancement of the fusion zone characteristics and grain structure. The peak value of the tensile strength is observed at 100 s of vibration, 190 V of vibro-motor voltage and 18 V of electrode voltage. The tensile strength of the welded joints with vibrations is increased up to 22.64% when it is compared with conventional welding. The enhancement of the tensile strength of the weld bead was obtained because of the formation of fine grain structure. So, mechanical vibrations are identified as the most convenient method for improving the mild steel alloys weld quality.,A novel approach called mechanical vibrations during the process of welding is implemented for fusion zone refinement.


This paper elaborates the working principle of the high-density electricity method and applies it to the detection of the hidden danger of the tailing dam of a mine in Jiangxi Province.The successful detection of the leaking position,its scale and the depth of burial proves the feasibility of the method as well as its effectiveness in the dam exploration in similar conditions.


In combination with the Ugi four-component reaction, two important indole-fused heterocycles have been prepared in two steps from readily accessible starting materials. From the same set of Ugi adducts 5, 5,6-dihydroindolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines 6 were rapidly generated in excellent yields by a copper-catalyzed N–H arylation pathway, whereas 6,7-dihydroindolo[2,3-c]quinolones 7 were obtained by palladium-catalyzed C–H arylations in good yields without the protection of the indole N1 moiety. Microwave heating was used to accelerate these intramolecular C–N and C–C bond-forming reactions performed under controlled reaction conditions.


The development process of a project requires verifications that may be handled through expert team. It means that a project cannot be completed in absence of the analysis phase. The analysis and measurement have the strongest reason to prove the accuracy of outcome of the project. As ubiquitous computing is the most probable era for current research, most researchers are working in the contextual applications to measure the locations of sensor and their working environment. In this article we analyze the exact location of sensor and find out the optimal area categorization regarding their characteristics. The sequential analysis has been conducted on the cumulative selections of location data and we capture the reason behind the existing problem of their quality. The determination technique to measure the alternatives of Configured Items and Internal Components for better applications of UC Systems have been proposed. We cancel the myth of approximation searching followed by location measurement. We also propose the location measurement algorithm (RAK) and flowchart to compute the sensor data. Finally we conclude our proposal and point out the future perspective in that.


............................................................................................................ v TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................... vii LIST OF TABLES.................................................................................................. xi LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................... xii ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................. xiv INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background of the Study ................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1 Access to Credit ................................................................................................ 2 1.1.2 Financial Growth of SME'S .............................................................................. 3 1.1.3 Access to Credit and Financial Growth of SME's ............................................. 5 1.1.4 SME's in Nairobi County .................................................................... ...........6 1.2 Research Problem ........................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Objective of the Study ................................................................................................... 10 1.4 Value of the Study ......................................................................................................... 10


Free boundary flows involve the motion of a fluid in a region of s pace which is not known a priori, but it evolves in time depending on the fluid flow itself. Free b oundary flows usually involve deformable interfaces, such as the fluid-solid interface between blood and vascular wall in arteries. The interface deformation is coupled to the fluid flow both kinematically (c ontinuity of the velocities) and dynamically (balance of stresses), and the coupling is nonlinear. These interfacial nonlinearities make the solution of the problem very challenging. The main goal of this talk is to present some new ideas related to the mathematical and numerical modeling of free boundary flows. More precisely, we will show how to derive simplified closed effective models for free boundary flows using multiscale and asymptotic techniques , and how to design stable loosely-coupled algorithmfor free boundary flows with strongly nonlinear interfacial effets. The focus will be on blood flow modeling. Simplified closed effective models. Standard one-dimensional models have been obtained by averaging on the vessel cross-section, under the assumptions of cylindrical geometry and axially symmetric flows. One-dimensional models, although a good first approxi mation to the underlying problem, suffer from severe drawbacks: they are not closed (an ad hoc velocity profile needs to be prescribed to obtain a closed system), and the equations are quasi-linear hyperbolic, giving rise to non-physiological shock wave solutions. A different approach based on multi-scale analysis can be used to obtain reduced effective models that do not need any ad hoc closure assumption. In this talk, we will discuss how these models can be used to study the interaction between blood flow and arterial walls, and how this interaction is affected by the viscoelasticity of the vascular ti ssue, the thickness of the vessel wall and the presence of a residual stress [1, 2, 3]. Stable loosely-coupled algorithms.Loosely-coupled algorithms are based on the idea of splitting the original problem in a sequence of simpler sub-problems which involve only a sub-set of the unknowns and the equations of the original full problem. Each sub-problem can then be solved independently, and the minimal communication required to link the sub-steps allows to easily assemble modules of already written pieces of code. Thus, the relative simplicity of the solution of each sub-step leads to very competitive computational costs and low memory requirements, while the modular structure of the resulting numerical partitioned scheme reduces dramatically the time necessary for the actual implementation of the algorithm. Unfortunately, there are some disadvantages in the use of partitioned schemes. Indeed, a splitting error is introduced each time the full problem is split into s ub-problems and small time steps may be


The FMCC Campus Improvement Committee Looking for Funding by Linda Brinkerhoff; Fulton-Montgomery Community College Campus Face Life Expected to Start Soon; "On The Town"; Donald Rogers by Theresa Kwah; Ernest Fierro by Crysti Pellegrino; Rename School Store by Dianne Ryder and Mary Scheckton; Hard to Believe; Graffiti on Campus by Donna Rockwell; Summer Financial Aid; Conversation Partner; Diet Tips; Learning Center by Cathy Smith; Lillies of the Valley by Don Rogers; FMCC Basketball by Mercedes Culick; Friendly FM Employee by Dianne Ryder


In recent years, several studies have shown that network traffic exhibits the property of self-similarity. Traditional (Poissonian) modelling approaches have been shown not to be able to describe this property and generally lead to the underestimation of interesting performance measures. Crovella and Bestavros have shown that network traffic that is due to World Wide Web transfers shows characteristics of self-similarity and they argue that this can be explained by the heavy-tailedness of many of the involved distributions. Considering these facts, developing methods which are able to handle self-similarity and heavy-tailedness is of great importance for network capacity planing purposes. In this paper we discuss two methods to fit hyper-exponential distributions to data sets which exhibit heavy-tails. One method is taken from the literature and shown to fall short. The other, new method, is shown to perform well in a number of case studies.


Structural transformation and changes in the production system result in changes of the occupational profiles and qualifications demanded by the labour market. However, adjusting to the new requirements of the labour market takes time. Against this background, medium- to long-term forecasts of the demand for labour may contribute to an early identification of future qualification requirements and, thus, support both individual and political planning processes. This paper presents a forecasting instrument developed for Upper Austria with a view to 2008 as a forecasting horizon. The results of the forecast show that in Upper Austria, a highly industrialised region, employment in the service sector continues to expand (accounting for about 65 percent of total dependent employment in 2008, compared with 61 percent in 2000), whereas agriculture, mining and goods production are declining in importance. Nevertheless, a strong focus on goods production, above all in the mechanical and vehicle engineering sectors, will remain characteristic of the Upper Austrian economy on a medium-term basis. In the service sector, dynamic growth is to be expected in the field of business services (employment +6.1 percent per year), the health sector (+2.4 percent per year), and EDP services (+8.3 percent per year). The results of the forecast of the occupational situation in Upper Austria point to employment gains in customer-oriented and highly qualified activities. By 2008, some 5,800 additional jobs will be created in occupations requiring an academic degree. Creation of 15,200 new jobs has been forecast in activities requiring higher-level secondary education, with or without continuing non-university training. At the same time, unskilled activities in the crafts sector will be replaced by activities requiring a higher level of education. In the service sector, demand for unskilled workers with on-the-job training is increasing slightly in accordance with the general sectoral development, although demand for higher qualifications is increasing also in this sector.


Vinyl siding is described as a product in the early maturity stage of business development. The competitive position of rigid vinyl siding vis-a-vis other products is discussed. Total weathering exposures from point sources not usually thought of are reviewed. Methods of control for weathering caused changes as well as resistance evaluation are covered. The impact on the industry of the voluntary product standard PS55-72 is mentioned.


Medicinal plants, as natural resources with antioxidant functionality, play an essential role in reducing free radicals activities and oxidative damages to human body. Nowadays, consumers are becoming highly interested in products containing active plant-based ingredients with high nutritional value and no synthetic chemicals, as being beneficial to human health. This study aimed at analyzing the antioxidative effects of Mentha pulegium essential oil extracted by methanol to canola oil ratio of5:1, at two concentrations levels of 400 and 800 ppm, stored at room temperature for 60 days. Total tocopherols and total phenolic contents of canola oil, which are compounds of canola oil and the mentha extract were initially assessed. Subsequently, color index, conjugated Dienes value, acid value, peroxide value,carbonyl value andtotal polar compound were also analyzed. The results indicated the better effect of oxidative stability and lower acid valueat the 800 ppm concentration in comparison to the Tertiary Butyl Hydro Quinone sample. Moreover, the high concentrations of the extract performed better on the stability and, therefore, the inhibiting of double bond conjugation formation in both concentrations during the process. It can be applied to edible oil as an antioxidant with similar performance to the synthetic antioxidant.


2004, 78(1):146. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.78.1.146-157.2004. J. Virol. and Frédéric Tangy Combredet, Bruno Hurtrel, Pierre Charneau, Michel Brahic Clarisse Lorin, Lucile Mollet, Frédéric Delebecque, Chantal Immune Responses to HIV Neutralizing Antibodies and Cellular B Envelope Glycoproteins Induces Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Clade Virus Vaccines Expressing Human A Single Injection of Recombinant Measles


Real-time crowd-powered systems, such as Chorus/Evorus, VizWiz, and Apparition, have shown how incorporating humans into automated systems could supplement where the automatic solutions fall short. However, one unspoken bottleneck of applying such architectures to more scenarios is the longer latency of including humans in the loop of automated systems. For the applications that have hard constraints in turnaround times, human-operated components' longer latency and large speed variation seem to be apparent deal breakers. This paper explicates and quantifies these limitations by using a human-powered text-based backend to hold conversations with users through a voice-only smart speaker. Smart speakers must respond to users' requests within seconds, so the workers behind the scenes only have a few seconds to compose answers. We measured the end-to-end system latency and the conversation quality with eight pairs of participants, showing the challenges and superiority of such systems.


A chondroplasia is defined by Lawford-Knaggs as defective evolution in the process of endochondral ossification which is evidenced at a very early period of intra-uterine life. The dystrophy may be so severe that the fetus dies. The disease leads to stunting of the bones preformed in cartilage. Bones developing in membrane are but infrequently involved. The disease has existed for centuries, as is attested by studies of ancient statues and pictures. In the early days of elaborate royal courts, the ladies-in-waiting often purchased these dwarfs for large sums of money. Though not attractive physically, they are usually intelligent, healthy, and strong. The disease often runs in families, showing quite definite hereditary influences. In 1912 Reschbieth and Barrington recorded the pedigrees of 80 individuals of whom 20 gave a history of the disease in two or more generations. The female seems more predisposed than the male, for of 126 cases, 70 were in females and 56 in males. Often a diagnosis can be made b...


IN THE PATUSAN SECTION of Lord Jim, Marlow is talking to a girl who has just recounted her mother's death. The tale troubles him profoundly: "It had the power to drive me out of my conception of existence, out of that shelter each of us makes for himself to creep under in moments of danger, as a tortoise withdraws within its shell" (313). It is not so much the sentimental tale itself, perhaps, as the tone of its telling that provokes a crisis: the "imperturbable monotone" more than the words reach Marlow's inner consciousness. And Marlow, totally lost out there for a moment, abandoned by words, seems in contact with the unattainable, with the primordial disorder of the world. He carries on:But still - it was only a moment: I went back into my shell directly. One must - don't you know? - though I seemed to have lost all my words, in the chaos of dark thoughts I had contemplated for a second or two beyond the pale. These came back, too, very soon, for words also belong to the sheltering conception of light and order which is our refuge. (313)This passage encapsulates some of the important aspects of Conrad's works. It portrays individuals as seeking refuge in various shelters, from which they may occasionally be forced out (and that need not be spectacular: an "imperturbable monotone" suffices). It draws our attention to the importance of words and stories that enable Marlow to overcome a momentary crisis. It stresses the workings of orality, the power of the spoken word, the necessity to listen. It suggests that the tale that Marlow tells is indeed the consequence of the insight that he may have gained into Jim's inner being. And there is a way in which the ideal tale would have been that given by Jim himself: "He has confided so much in me that at times it seems as though he must come in presently and tell the story in his own words, in his careless yet feeling voice, with his offhand manner, a little puzzled, a little bothered, a little hurt, but now and then by a word or a phrase giving one of these glimpses of his very own self that were never any good for purposes of orientation" (343).Although Marlow, the storyteller, tries to turn the truth of a story into a narrative, the text of Lord Jim draws the reader's attention to the complex construction of language. The shelter of words that conceals the truth of an event, the meaning of an episode, is perhaps not to be penetrated by the reader who can only rely on the words of another, "Heart of Darkness," written in the interstices of Lord Jim, had famously suggested that there was perhaps no nut to be cracked, no kernel to be grasped, but that meaning lay outside in, as it were, a misty halo. If Conrad gets so close to the complex truth, if he approaches the elusive chaos of dark thoughts, it is through a demand placed on readers that they perceive language in its fragmentary essence.The Ambivalence of WordsWords are first and foremost physical objects in Lord Jim. They are heard, perceived, apprehended almost independently of meaning. Their materiality seems at first to distract from understanding, as if the utterance and the modes of utterance were more important than the statement. In this sense, they are perceived like the sounds and noises that the various narrators emphasize.Such sounds provide a background of noises, faint or otherwise, against which Marlow captures nuances in tone, the many pauses in conversations, the silences that punctuate Jim's speech. They enhance the presence of voice. When the crewman affected with DTs tells his story, "His voice sounded alarmingly strong all at once" (52). The whole scene displays an attentive recording of sounds: he whispers with extreme rapidity, he restrains a cry, asks a question with "fantastic precautions of voice and gesture" (53), draws a long breath, pants again, yells suddenly, and breaks into a steady scream (54) that ends in an "interminable and sustained howl." The violence of the crisis appears through the character's enunciation. …


This paper presents the theoretical analysis of capillary absorption dynamics for cemementitious material. Fractal theory is applied to analyse tortuosity of capillary pores in cementitious material and a definition of tortuosity is given. The dynamic equation of capillary absorption considering water evaporation and tortuosity of capillary pores is derived. Based on the dynamic model, the capillary coefficient and sorptivity of concrete are explained theoretically. In absorption test, water evaporation is one of the main reasons caused variations from linearity between water absorption height and the square root of time, or between water amount absorbed and the square root of time. In cementitious material, the evaporation rate is very small compare to capillary flow velocity at the initial time of absorption test. For simplification of testing procedure, there is no meaning to modify absorption test. Some absorption experimental results are used to analyse tortuosity parameter. The calculation results show that tortuosity parameter should be a property of capillary pores. It can be used to calculate the absorption height of cementitious material which is important for service life predicting of real structure.


To order the complete compilation report, use: ADA398724 The component part is provided here to allow users access to individually authored sections f proceedings, annals, symposia, etc. However, the component should be considered within [he context of the overall compilation report and not as a stand-alone technical report. Abstract A theoretical model and computations of the I-V characteristics of both doped and undoped long carbon nanotubes in a strong axial dc-fields at room temperatures have been presented. Negative differential conductivity has been predicted. It has been shown that IdI/dVI for metal carbon nanotubes in the region of the negative differential conductivity significantly exceeds corresponding values for semiconducting ones. The predicted effect makes possible the design of wave-generating nanotube-based diods for submillimeter and infrared ranges.


This paper has been withdrawn because it has been by far superseded by the Author's post arXiv:1108.1306v6, which was published on 30/08/2011.


In June of this year, the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) emerged victorious, securing another term in power. What does this mean for Turkey's domestic politics and foreign policy? The panelists will discuss state-military relations and the prospects for resolving the Kurdish issue in light of continued AKP rule and a recent escalation of hostilities between the state and the Kurdish movement. These issues will also be explored in the context of the constitutional reform process that is currently underway. Finally, Turkish foreign policy and Turkey's role is in the region, including relations with neighboring Syria, the IsraeliPalestinian conflict, and the Arab Spring.


MASSETER myodegeneration/myositis in adult horses has been reported infrequently, with very few reports of surviving cases ([Step and others 1991][1], [Beech 2000][2], [Pearson and others 2005][3]). Vitamin E and selenium deficiency have been identified as the probable cause of the condition,


Abstract: Annual companion crops are often used in new seedings of perennial forages in western Canada. Fast-establishing grass species that do not overwinter in this region have potential as companion crops to increase seeding year yields without reducing perennial forage establishment. Trials were seeded in two different years at Saskatoon and Melfort, SK, in the Dark Brown and Black soil zones, respectively. Crested wheatgrass [Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn.], meadow bromegrass (Bromus riparius Rehm.), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) were seeded in pure stands and mixtures with or without an annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) or Festulolium (Lolium × Festuca) companion crop at two seeding rates. Forage dry matter yield in the establishment year was increased with annual ryegrass companion crops compared with no companion crop regardless of seeding rate, but was increased only with the higher rate of Festulolium at Saskatoon. Despite using low companion crop seeding rates, stand densities of most of the perennial forage stands were lower than with no companion crop at Saskatoon, but in Melfort, most stand densities did not differ. The annual ryegrass companion crop reduced yields the year after seeding at both sites, while the Festulolium also reduced yields, but not at Melfort for the lower companion crop seeding rate. Dry matter yields were usually not different between companion and no companion crop treatments in the second year after seeding and for 3-yr total yields. The use of these companion crops increased the percentage of the 3-yr total yield produced in the seeding year.


Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms in older men s Enlargement of the prostate affects about one third of men over 50 and can cause distressing urinary symptoms. s The progress of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is unpredictable, but only a minority of men deteriorate rapidly and some will improve spontaneously. s Many men willingly tolerate mild symptoms of BPH. Care should be taken not to overtreat men who are not too bothered by their symptoms. s For the majority of men whose symptoms are not unacceptably severe, the condition may be best managed by watchful waiting and simple lifestyle changes. s The most effective treatment for severe symptoms is surgery, but about a quarter of men fail to benefit and some end up worse. s The most common operation for BPH is transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Incision of the prostate (TUIP) is often just as effective, uses fewer resources and is less hazardous; however it is under-used. s Drug therapy on average has a small effect on symptoms, but some men may experience significant benefit. s Because each type of treatment involves a different balance of risks and benefits, patients should be encouraged to participate in making decisions about their management.


Presence of heavy metals in the industrial waste water is a potential hazard to aquatic system, animal and human. High concentrations of heavy metals often pose a serious threat to biota and the environment of any ecosystem (Cheng, 2003). Heavy metal pollution can be a much more serious problem because they cannot be degraded by natural processes and persist in soil and sediment from where they are released gradually into water bodies as sink, In River Hooghly nickel contamination and nickel accumulating bacterial isolates were found (T. Mukherjee et al.2014). Distributions of such heavy metals through food chain affect ecological community. Microorganisms, owing to their large surface volume ratio and high metabolic activity, are important vectors in introducing heavy metals into food chain. In order to fully assess the risks from fish and fish products, it is important to have information on the incidence of these pathogens (Davies et al., 2001). The occurrence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria in surface waters and aquaculture environments is also a well-known phenomenon that carries a negative impact for public health and for the safety of the fish supply (González et al. 1999; Toroglu et al., 2005). Recent studies showed that ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 4 Number 9 (2015) pp. 726-735 http://www.ijcmas.com


Highly efficient photoenergy conversion in semiconductor nanoparticle heterostructures requires the formation of epitaxial heterointerfaces and band alignment engineering. This requirement has led to attention being given to recent advances and prospects in the charge separation properties of type-II semiconductor heterodimers composed of chalcogenide–chalcogenide blends. Type-II semiconductor heterodimers with a staggered alignment of band edges at the heterointerface can be synthesized by seeded growth or ion exchange to promote the spatial charge separation between electrons and holes in different parts of the heterostructure. Special attention has been given to CdS–Cu2–xS (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.0625) and CdS–CdTe combinations where CdS is a commonly used n-type semiconductor and both Cu2–xS and CdTe are proper p-type semiconductors that are used as light absorbers in heterojunction solar cells.


Article is devoted studying of design parameters water jet aerator. Water jet aerator it is used for saturation of water by oxygen on purification works. In article research methods are described, in particular, possibility of use of computer modeling by means of program complex ANSYS 11 is considered.


The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic necessitates the development of a diagnostic method which could help in rapid and economical diagnosis of COVID-19 disease. The current problem with the diagnosis of the disease is that most tests are laboratory based and time consuming. Real Time PCR (RT-PCR) is the only gold standard method for diagnosis of COVID-19 disease till now. As soon as WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic, scientists immediately started development of rapid kits for fast detection of disease and point of care tests so that community transmission of disease can be controlled. The rapid antigen antibody and many other rapid tests were developed in response to community transmission, and efforts to develop improved alternatives are ongoing. In this article we have reviewed all the methods and strategies available till date.


The primary purpose of this document is to provide a standard set of guidelines to use in conducting formal reviews of 1990 base year SIP inventories received from ozone and CO nonattainment areas. Having a standard set of inventory review guidelines will help ensure national consistency in the level of scrutiny that submitted inventories will undergo. These guidelines will also ensure the proper documentation of review activities to allow for serial review with minimal overlap. A third use of this document and the review guidelines is to provide State agencies preparing the inventories with information to use as a self-check prior to submitting the inventories to EPA. This document provides review guidelines that address whether States followed the overall requirements for base year inventory preparation published in previous guidance material and whether the inventories meet developed specifications for completeness, consistency (both internal and with national trends), reasonableness of emission values, and overall documentation requirements.


Generally speaking, the discourse with semantic coherence includes visible and invisible cohesion. The former is a tangible network, which finds expressions in the surface structure of discourse, including reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunctions. It is a main means of discourse coherence. The latter is a intangible network, establishing coherent relationships via meanings beyond the former. The invisible cohesion is indispensable in discourse, the study of which will help readers grasp the texture of discourse development and offer guide to college English teaching.


Ouabain (5 μg) was injected into the left lateral ventricle of unanesthetized rats. Running seizures were observed in 81%, leaping seizures in 44%, and whole body flexion seizures in 31% of the animals after 5 μg of ouabain. At lower doses (0.5–2.0 μg) of ouabain, hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli was observed without seizure activity. With higher doses (10–500 μg) of ouabain, increasing severity of seizure pattern was seen. Monoamine estimations made on brain regions from animals sacrificed 15 min after injection of 5 μg of ouabain showed significant increases of serotonin in the hippocampus and decreases of norepinephrine in the midbrain region.