Nowadays, with rapid advancement of both the upcoming 5G architecture construction and emerging Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios, Device-to-Device (D2D) communication provides a novel paradigm for mobile networking. By facilitating continuous and high data rate services between physically proximate devices without interconnection with access points (AP) or service network (SN), spectral efficiency of the 5G network can be drastically increased. However, due to its inherent open wireless communicating features, security issues and privacy risks in D2D communication remain unsolved in spite of its benefits and prosperous future. Hence, proper D2D authentication mechanisms among the D2D entities are of great significance. Moreover, the increasing proliferation of smartphones enables seamlessly biometric sensor data collecting and processing, which highly correspond to the user's unique behavioral characteristics. For the above consideration, we present a secure certificateless D2D authenticating mechanism intended for extreme scenarios in this paper. In the assumption, the key updating mechanism only requires a small modification in the SN side, while the decryption information of user equipment (UEs) remains constant as soon as the UEs are validated. Note that a symmetric key mechanism is adopted for the further data transmission. Additionally, the user activities data from smartphone sensors are analyzed for continuous authentication, which is periodically conducted after the initial validation. Note that in the assumed scenario, most of the UEs are out of the effective range of cellular networks. In this case, the UEs are capable of conducting data exchange without cellular connection. Security analysis demonstrates that the proposed scheme can provide adequate security properties as well as resistance to various attacks. Furthermore, performance analysis proves that the proposed scheme is efficient compared with state-of-the-art D2D authentication schemes.


More than three thousand five hundred biological properties of vitamin B[Formula: see text] and four of its derivatives (aquacobalamin, cyanoaquacobyrinic acid heptamethyl ester, dicyanocobyrinic acid heptamethyl ester and stable yellow corrinoid) have been assessed by bioinformation analysis. Based on the data obtained (including the assessments of the interaction of molecules with the proteins of rat proteome), conclusions were drawn about the potential effects and safety of the investigated substances. In particular, it has been shown that heptamethyl esters of cyanoaquacobyrinic and dicyanocobyrinic acids, as well as a stable yellow corrinoid (antivitamin), can be recommended for further study as analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs and, also, antitumor agents aimed at the therapy of glioblastoma, hepatoblastoma and T-cell leukemia. Estimates of the LD50 constants for rats and the TD50 and IC50 constants for rat muscle cells in culture, along with the results of assessments of the interaction of molecules with the rat proteome, showed that all the compounds studied were of low toxicity. At the same time, cyanocobalamin and aquacobalamin are distinguished by the least cumulative properties in comparison with other studied compounds. Chemoneurocytological analysis of compounds showed that cyanocobalamin and aquacobalamin may have the greatest neuroprotective effects: increase in the concentration of the substances by 1 mmol/l causes the estimate of neuronal survival to increase by 25%.


Though picking up the five best eigenvalnes according to the characteristic of geophysical logging curve,layer and cycle surface was identified and recognized using the function of characteristic classification. At the base of that,doing the logging curve simulation,from bottom to top,take turns,at certain section that was defined by cycle surface,finding the first rank derivative of mathematic expression of the simulated curve, getting the coefficient of independent variable in the highest rank,making the judgment of curve shaper from the coefficient. At the results of the judgment of curve shape and cycle surface identify,joining with the study of sediment characteristic and Fractal techniques, sequence stratigraphic surface was recognized. According to this method, the judgment of layer surface, cycle surface, curve shape and sequence surface and analysis result of sequence stratigraphy with single wall is given from the data of Tengge'er group,Da 28 wall,BaiYinChaGan depression. The identify of sequence surface is fully and suitably achieved through the example analysis result using the best eigenvalue, and the results is a good foundation of sequence stratigraphic researchment.2figs.,8refs.


The paper presents a new kind of noise analysis model of oscillators and an efficient approach to the simulation of accurate near-carrier phase noise in free running microwave MESFET oscillators. The noise analysis model of the oscillator contains a complete nonlinear noise model of the MESFET and all potential noise sources. An efficient algorithm is stated which can be used to predict accurate near-carrier phase noise in microwave MESFET oscillators by nonlinear current method. Comparison between simulations and measurements proves that the noise analysis model of the oscillators is practical and the approach is suitable for microwave CAD and is excellent in both efficiency and precision in predicting phase noise of microwave MESFET oscillators.


Communicative disorders related to cleft lip and palate , Communicative disorders related to cleft lip and palate , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز


The apparent accumulation of carbon on land necessary to balance the global carbon budget (previously referred to as the missing carbon sink and more recently labeled the residual terrestrial sink) has perplexed scientists since the first carbon budgets were constructed (Keeling 1973). The magnitude of the sink over the decade 2006-2015 averaged 3.1 ± 0.9 PgC yr-1 , larger than either the net emissions of carbon from land-use change or the net uptake by the world's oceans (Le Quéré et al., 2016). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Three trials were conducted to examine the effect of including specific amino acids, fatty acids, and fat sources in 20 and 22% CP and 20% fat milk replacers (MR; as-fed) fed at 454 g daily. Trial 1 measured selected blood constituents in calves fed a 20% CP, 20% fat MR including all added fat from lard and no added synthetic amino acids (CON20); a MR with added butyrate (BUT20); a MR with added coconut plus canola oil (FB20); and a MR with added L-Lys plus DL-Met (LM20). Trial 2 compared CON20, LM20, and a MR with 22% CP (CON22). Trial 3 compared CON22, a MR with 20% CP with added Lys and Met, 20% lard, coconut, and canola fat with sodium butyrate (MOD20), and pasteurized whole milk at the equal rates of DM. Compared with calves fed CON20 in Trial 1, amylase increased (P < 0.05) and urea-N decreased (P < 0.05) in calves fed BUT20; alkaline phosphatase increased (P < 0.05), creatinine tended to increase (P < 0.10), and urea-N decreased (P < 0.05) in calves fed FB20; and urea-N decreased (P < 0.05) in calves fed LM20. Calves fed LM20 in Trial 2 grew faster (P < 0.05) than calves fed CON20. In Trial 3, the calves fed MOD20 grew faster (P < 0.05) than calves fed CON22 or whole milk and had fewer abnormal fecal score days (P < 0.05) than calves fed CON22. Calves fed 20% CP MR for


Although laminitis is seen in bovine species, due to its numerous etiological factors it is generally undiagnosed or wrongly diagnosed to be some other condition. At the same time, no confirmation could be given by laboratory method other than histamine analysis. Histamine is the confirmatory blood cytokine for laminitis, as the disease is due to production of higher level of blood histamine. But histamine analysis is expensive and not easily available; therefore, the study was conducted to find out a diagnostic index for confirmatory and low cost diagnosis of bovine laminitis. Private dairy farms in and around Khanapara, Guwahati of Assam was considered for the study. Blood samples for haematological and biochemical studies were collected from 12 clinically healthy and 12 acute laminitis animals; animals were selected after preliminary survey. Parameters studied were Haemoglobin (Hb), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Total Leukocyte Count (TLC), Differential Leukocyte Count (DLC), serum glucose, serum glucose, Calcium and Phosphorus (Ca and P). Serum Calcium & ESR values were found to increase significantly along with Eosinophilia and Neutrophilia in animals suffering from laminitis. On the other hand there was significant decrease in serum glucose in the diseased animals compared to control group. The results were statistically analyzed using Discriminant Analysis method. It provides a model base decision support in identifying an animal as normal or laminitis on the basis of blood parameters through the Discriminant function. Presence or absence of laminitis can be ascertained by putting values of different blood parameters in the Discriminant function as aid to posterior classification of normal or laminitis animal on the basis of blood sample in future. It could be concluded that the findings of the present investigation provides a diagnostic index or an easier way for ascertaining presence or absence of Laminitis by using average value of blood parameters.


This paper explores decision-making in literary translation focusing in particular on written alternative translation solutions (ATSs) and their role in the translation process. Drawing on psychological research on decision-making and translation process research, it investigates why an experienced translator produces various written ATSs in Draft 1 and how he chooses among the various possible solutions during the subsequent phases of the translation process. The investigation is carried out at the translator's workplace who is studied as he self-revises a literary translation from French into Maltese. Data collected through think-aloud, translator observation and analysis of drafts pertaining to decision-making processes behind four sets of written ATSs concerning a similar lexical item are analysed and discussed. Results indicate that the translator produces written ATSs for strategic reasons.


ABSTRACT This thesis deals with the problem of children in foster care. It focuses on children?s rights, child development and forms of foster care. An important issue is the issue of the child?s interest. It also describes the transformation of foster care in the Czech Republic. In the practical part, using a structured questionnaire and an interview with an expert the thesis examines the issue of preference of foster care.


This study presents the results of numerical simulation of donor-acceptor recombination spectra in compensated semiconductors taking into account electrostatic fluctuations associated with the presence of ionised impurities. The presence of Coulomb correlations in a system of partially ionised impurity centers results in distinctive features appearing in recombination spectra, depending on charge-carrier energy relaxation. The authors have considered the following limiting cases: absence of relaxation, partial relaxation of majority and minority charge carriers, as well as complete relaxation of a system of electrons and holes localized on impurities. The results obtained through numerical simulation have been interpreted using a previously developed analytical model, in which contributions to recombination from equilibrium and photoexcited charge carriers are considered separately. It has been shown that, under certain experimental conditions, emission lines corresponding to these contributions can be spectrally resolved.This study presents the results of numerical simulation of donor-acceptor recombination spectra in compensated semiconductors taking into account electrostatic fluctuations associated with the presence of ionised impurities. The presence of Coulomb correlations in a system of partially ionised impurity centers results in distinctive features appearing in recombination spectra, depending on charge-carrier energy relaxation. The authors have considered the following limiting cases: absence of relaxation, partial relaxation of majority and minority charge carriers, as well as complete relaxation of a system of electrons and holes localized on impurities. The results obtained through numerical simulation have been interpreted using a previously developed analytical model, in which contributions to recombination from equilibrium and photoexcited charge carriers are considered separately. It has been shown that, under certain experimental conditions, emission lines corresponding to these contributions can be sp...


The maintenance of bony length is of major importance in the management of lower limb injuries in which bone loss has occurred. We report a case of the successful use of a rigid intramedullary nail with transfixion screws (the Huckstep nail) after segmental loss of bone due to a gunshot injury.


Based on the hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) calculation, we theoretically investigate the corresponding control of a triangular triple-quantum-dots (TTQD) ring which is connected to two reservoirs. We initially demonstrate by adding bias voltage and further adjusting the coupling strength between quantum dots, the chiral current induced by bias will go through a transformation of clockwise to counterclockwise direction and an unprecedented effective Hall angle will be triggered. The transformation is very rapid, with a corresponding characteristic time of 80–200 ps. In addition, by adding a magnetic flux to compensate for the chiral current in the original system, we elucidate the relationship between the applied magnetic flux and the Berry phase, which can realize direct measurement of the chiral current and reveal the magnetoelectric coupling relationship.


Crotonoside (isoguanosine) has been shown to be much more active than adenosine in reducing the blood pressure in rabbits and cats, in decreasing the tone of isolated intestinal strips of the rabbit, guinea pig and hamster and in stimulating the isolated uterus of guinea pigs and hamsters.

The difference in activity of these two compounds is considerably more marked with the guinea pig tissues than with those of the rabbit, cat or hamster.

Possible relationships to theories of action of adenosine are discussed.


The paper analyzes the process of independent innovation of Hangzhou Steam Turbine Group Company practices and studies the evolution of upgrading path to high- end equipment manufacturing enterprise technical innovation ability.


The paper focuses on the solution of mathematical problems with formative method, cultivation of students' formative thinking ability from the respects of formative identity, equation, function, chart, number, model, etc. and develop students' intelligence.


We have observed an apparent migration of seismic events along the North Atlantic Ridge from Jan Mayen Island to the Azores and eastward, culminating in the large earthquake and associated aftershocks in the Goringe Bank area in 1969. The migration velocity is about 10° of latitude in 9 to 12 months, about 3 to 10 km/d. Tests performed on normalized data show the migration to be statistically significant with a t-statistic equalling that for aftershocks, swarms, etc. occurring in an area. We believe this is the first reported earthquake migration along a spreading ridge system and one of the first with such high velocities. We hypothesize that the migration could involve creep migration along transform faults, since reported phenomena with velocities as high as this have involved creep along strike slip faults.


Children and adolescents from multicultural families with an immigrant mother tend to experience stress due to problems with cross-cultural adaptation in South Korea, which has a homogeneous cultural identity. This study explored the impact of acculturative stress on externalizing behavior problems (e.g., aggressiveness and delinquency) among 121 elementary, middle, and high school students in Gyeonggi. It analyzed the mediating effects of acculturative stress on externalizing behaviors using structural equation modeling with bootstrapping method. The results showed that stress experienced in relation to cultural adaptation indirectly affected externalizing behaviors through school maladaptation. This indicates that while acculturative stress itself does not directly affect the externalizing behaviors of children and adolescents with immigrant mothers, it does appear to increase the difficulty of adjusting to the school environment, and as the maladaptation worsens, externalizing behaviors may subsequently develop. Schools must function as a protective environment against externalizing behavior problems associated with acculturative stress.


Marketing strategy is important to measure the success of a business. This study aims to determine the marketing strategy and constraints in increasing the competitive position of the market for fish feed products at PT. Central Proteina Prima Tbk KIM II Mabar Deli Serdang. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research.the informants in this study were marketing and consumers from PT. Central Proteina Prima Tbk KIM II Mabar Deli Serdang The results of this study indicate that PT. Central Proteina Prima Tbk KIM II Mabar Deli Serdang has implemented a marketing mix strategy that uses 4P variables, namely Product, Price, Place and Promotion which is able to increase the sales volume of PT. Central Proteina Prima Tbk KIM II Mabar Deli Serdang. In this study, there are also supporting and inhibiting factors for implementing marketing strategies on the sale of fish feed products at PT. Central Proteina Prima Tbk KIM II Mabar Deli Serdang. The supporting factors are quality products, strategic locations and technology used. While the inhibiting factors for marketing strategies for fish feed products at PT. Central Proteina Prima Tbk KIM II Mabar Deli Serdang, namely promotions that have not been maximized and illegal fees often occur by irresponsible elements to suppliers.


ABSTRACT The cultivation of vascular plants in aquaculture is becoming increasingly important and saline aquaponics have been centered on plants with a short life cycle (i.e. annual species). However, the cultivation of perennial halophytes can allow to produce biomass year-round by repeated cuttings and regrowth. The present study evaluated the effects of different cutting regimes on the growth and tissue nitrogen uptake of the perennial halophyte Paspalum vaginatum and Salicornia neei cultivated in saline aquaponics. Clarified water from Litopenaeus vannamei cultivation was used as the main source of water and nutrients to grow plants established in Nutrient Film Technique (NFT). In each trial (28 days), three groups of 22 plants were established in different NFT benches and subjected to no cutting, one harvest and two harvests. Cutting regimes applied to both halophytic species did not affect the quality of recirculating water. Tillering and stem elongation of P. vaginatum had increasing trends with augment of cutting frequency. Salicornia neei cut at 28-day intervals produced a larger number of marketable size branches with less lignified shoots than non-cut plants and branchy plants cut every 14 days, which showed the smallest branch size. Individual plants of P. vaginatum and S. neei took up in their tissues between 2.27-2.45 mg/day of N and 4.59-6.43 mg/day of N, respectively. Cutting regimes did not statistically affect the accumulation of nitrogen in the biomass of either halophytic species. One harvest treatment, every 28 days, was considered the most suitable practice for aquaponics production of both halophytes.


Recent fi ndings in the emerging fi eld of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance suggest that the lifestyle choices and experiences of an individual have biological implications for offspring not yet conceived. Studies show that diet, drugs, and even social experiences can lead to life-long changes in gene expression. Some changes in gene expression are passed down to future generations. These conclusions deserve careful analysis from Christians trained in science who should teach freedom from epigenetic determinism, the fallenness and blessing displayed in the results, and the limits of the new fi eld. Christian communities generally should show special grace to those that are epigenetically burdened, work to liberate victims from destructive epigenetic cycles, and prepare a healthful epigenetic inheritance for their children.


This paper briefly describes the significance of thermal deformation in scientific research and production. It points out the limitations of the traditional method for calculating the thermal expansion and the important effect of geometrical parameter on the thermal expansion deformation of mechanical parts. The relationship between the geometrifcal body parameter and the thermal expansion coefficient is analyzed through theoretical discussion and experiments. A preliminary investigation into the relationship between the value of thermal expansion due to the geometrical parameter and the value of traditional thermal expansion has been curried out through experiments.


Two diastereomers of 1,2,3,4,5-pentachlorocyclohexane and two diastereomers of tetrachloromonomethoxycyclohexane were synthesized stepwise from diastereomers of 3,4,5-trichlorocyclohexene, which had been derived from the dl-(36/45)-, dl-(34/56)- and (346/5)-isomers of 3,4,5,6-tetrachlorocyclohexenen (α-, β- and γ-BTC, respectively) by selective reduction with LiAlH4. The configurations of all the products and intermediary trichlorocyclohexene isomers were determined by PMR studies.


A consortium of German automotive manufacturers investigated the noise generated by the air flow around the A-pillar and the side mirror of a generic vehicle model and the noise transmission through the front side window. The DLR was responsible for the optimization of the microphone distribution on the side window and the post processing to distinguish between acoustic and hydrodynamic pressure fluctuations. The distribution of the microphones within the side window was optimized to increase ratio of the main lobe to side lobes with the limited number of microphones and space at hand. A loudspeaker was placed in the side mirror in order to determine the array performance. Wavenumber space was chosen for display as it reveals different characteristics of the pressure fluctuations: acoustic components of the pressure propagate at the speed of sound. They appear inside the acoustic Mach-ellipse. Pressure fluctuations outside this ellipse are regarded as hydrodynamic fluctuations. Their energy is mainly concentrated in the "convective" ridge. Its position represents the convective flow speed.


At present, the cultivation of core values of the conference has generally reached an educational consensus in Chinese universities. As the main force of service front line and national construction, higher vocational students determine the efficiency of the future construction of the motherland. However, in the progress of the cultivation of Chinese colleges and universities, there are still problems such as heavy skills and light moral education, unclear student values, and largescale interference in the cultivation of public media information. Great impact. Therefore, this paper will provide a useful reference for Chinese academics by analysing and arranging the cultivation of socialist core values of higher vocational students. 1. Research background 1.1 Literature review In terms of socialist core values, scholars have devoted more research energy to the socialist core value system. After 2012, some people raised doubts about the core values of socialism in the early stage, and believed that the socialist values that China currently follows are not exactly equivalent to the 24 words advocated by the core values of socialism (Yan, 2014). However, the academic community has already focused on the cultivation path of socialist core values, and how to effectively develop the core values of socialism and to penetrate the broad masses of the people is a topic that must be explored at present (Zheng and Wu, 2016). Among them, the cultivation of higher vocational students is still the focus of academic scholars. In order to cultivate the socialist core values of higher vocational students, it is necessary to conduct research and discussion from three aspects: first, understanding the connotation of socialist core values; second, studying and discussing education and practice forms; third, how to target higher vocational education Students develop a path corresponding to it (Zheng, 2014). The first step is to analyze the connotation of socialist core values. At the beginning of the socialist core values, many scholars discussed the connotation. Some scholars have suggested that it is first necessary to clarify the relationship between the three socialist and socialist core values. Some scholars feel that it is necessary to avoid higher vocational students' understanding of civic education, and to establish institutional and civic behavior norms and general Distinguish between special, objective and subjective reflections (Chen, 2016). The "New Theory of Socialist Core Values A Spiritual Guide to Leading Social Civilizations" by Han Zhen, in order to effectively cultivate the core values of socialism, we should put the core values of socialism As the basis for development. In the cultivation of socialist core values of higher vocational students, further development is needed. 1.2 Research purpose At the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the idea of actively fostering the core values of socialism was put forward. In this context, the cultivation of socialist core values has been studied in various major educational fields in China. Under the continuous advancement of the socialist cause, higher vocational colleges shoulder the important responsibility of talent cultivation (Jian, 2015). This is conducive to students' important role in the cognition and learning 2019 International Conference on Reform, Technology, Psychology in Education (ICRTPE 2019) Copyright © (2019) Francis Academic Press, UK DOI: 10.25236/icrtpe.2019.024 112 of socialist core values. However, from the perspective of realistic cultivation, higher vocational colleges still have many problems that cannot be ignored in the process of cultivating socialist core values, which is not conducive to students' learning of socialist core values (Li, 2016). Therefore, this article takes vocational colleges as an example to study the cultivation path of socialist core values, which is of great significance to China's socialist cause. 2. Analysis of the status quo of the cultivation of socialist core values 2.1 More training methods in higher vocational colleges The core values of socialism have more diverse forms in all Chinese universities. Higher vocational colleges mainly cultivate students' socialist core values by theory. As a traditional teaching model, some students with poor understanding and acceptance will be excluded from accepting the psychology of socialist core values (Wang, 2015). The diversity of the cultivation methods of higher vocational colleges makes it possible for teachers to use videos, texts, pictures, etc., and to use these methods that students like to cultivate socialist core values will have a better effect. Thus, while the traditional education model changes, it also compensates for the shortcomings of traditional Chinese education. 2.2 The subjectivity of higher vocational students The traditional mode is that teachers use orders and other methods to educate students on the cultivation of socialist core values. The reason is that a large amount of information resources should be mastered by the teachers themselves, and thus there is an unequal relationship between teachers and students in teaching. In the traditional teaching process, students have unilateral trust in teachers, and there is a lack of information screening and thinking. In the process of the continuous development of socialism, the cultivation of socialist core values has changed, and the information held by students and teachers has formed an equal situation (Zhang and Zhou, 2016). Students can be teachers and teachers can be students. As a result, students have made great progress in accepting the cultivation of socialist core values. 2.3 Nurturing content and materials are more diverse The textbooks of Chinese colleges and universities as the source of socialist core education are reviewed by the national authorities. The teaching materials are the preferred material for cultivation. In China, the core values of socialism are taught by traditional education models, with a focus on ideological and political education. In this way, the space for the textbook to be modified by the teacher is very limited, and the limitations of the teaching content lead to the teacher's attraction to the students in teaching is very small and the infection is poor. As society continues to advance, traditional stereotypes are replaced by flowing information. Therefore, students can quickly grasp the state's actual politics, so that the content related to the core values of socialism can be timely understood by higher vocational students. In turn, we can better understand the situation of socialist core values in the academic world. 2.4 The main environment of cultivation is more open As the society continues to develop, high-level students can comment on their personal opinions on various platforms, and can absorb various information, and others can also exchange themselves to enrich themselves. The interaction on the Internet will not be restricted by any time, space or place, so that they are affected by the public and have changed their values, personal outlook and world outlook. Compared with the cultivation of traditional socialist values, the development of society makes the cultivation subject more open and unrestricted. The cultivation of traditional socialist core values has been eliminated by social development. Under the circumstance of the change of the main body of cultivation, the ways for college students to cultivate the core values of socialism have completely changed, and they have become more diverse, Abstract and open.


ABSTRACT Grouted connections have been widely used in offshore wind support structures to connect upper structures and lower foundations. Their mechanical behaviour is critical to the integrity of the entire support structure. In this study, numerical models were established and verified to investigate the stress distributions of grouted connections under combined compression and bending loads. It was found that the locations of shear keys had a significant influence on the maximum Mises stress in the steel tubes and Tresca stresses in the grout. The following parametric study of geometric configurations indicated that the thickness of a tube had a reverse relationship to the maximum stress. Meanwhile, the maximum Tresca stress was not sensitive to any geometric configurations, except grout thickness. Considering the gap between the detailed solid modelling and design process, based on beam modelling, a nominal average stress was computed over the compressed side of the steel tube within grouted connections. Consequently, stress correlation factors were obtained between the maximum Mises stress in a steel tube and the nominal average stress of a grouted connection. This method can be used in the preliminary design to evaluate the general behaviour of grouted connections under combined actions.


This paper highlights seven applications of various methods in soft computing to the task of ovarian cancer prognosis. Soft computing is described as well as its constituents. The ovarian cancer data is described. The task involves building a series of prognostic classifiers to carry out time-step prognosis. The results from the seven methods described are compared briefly, and also are compared with statistical multilinear regression analysis.


The present study aims to examine the realization of language immersion education for FLE (Francais Langue Etrangere) and CLE (Coreen Langue Etrangere). Foreign Language teachers' role has been recently concerned as to find out the interaction between a teacher and a learner in language immersion education. The success of language immersion education depends on the learners' attitudes and motivation. The learners' motivation can be enhanced through the electronic sources online made by the nonnative language teachers or through the extra-curricular language activities. The findings of the present study are summarized as follows. First, the teachers must perceive learners' first language and culture to accomplish a successful interaction. Second, the foreign language policy should favor not only English, but also other various languages as well. Third, the feedback through the self-evaluation should be followed by its purposes and types.


The fourth edition contains guidelines on the development and evaluation of the health and safety of children in early care and education settings.
 https://shop.aap.org/caring-for-our-children-national-health-and-safety-performance-standards-4th-edition-paperback/


Measurements have been made of the effect of pressure on the spontaneous magnetization of nickel, cobalt, and a series of nickel alloys. The measurements were made using a thin-disc permeameter designed to produce high magnetic fields for only a very small power consumption. The results are in good general agreement with the results of other hydrostatic pressure experiments and with the results of experiments on the thermodynamically related `forced' volume magnetostriction. An adequate verification of the important thermodynamic relation (partial differentialV / partial differentialH)pT = - (partial differentialM / partial differentialp)H,T has been obtained for the nickel-iron alloy system. The results do not agree with the anomalous results reported by Stacey who used Bridgman's thin-disc technique of generating high pressures. Under some conditions nickel shows an anomalously large, linear, decrease of spontaneous magnetization with pressure; possible reasons for this are discussed.


Flow characteristic of ultra-low concentration methane with its volumetric fraction 0.5%~3%was studied experimentally and theoretically during combustion in a fluidized bed reactor. 0.5%Pd/Al_2O_3(mass fraction) was employed as catalytic particle in the fluidized bed.Effects of gas-solid flow and catalytic combustion on bed expansion were investigated.Bubble growth characteristic along reactor height was analyzed.Effects of gas-solid flow on pressure fluctuation of ultra-low concentration methane conversion were studied.The results show that bed expansion is prompted by increasing bed temperature.Bed voidage increases with fluidized velocity and results in growth of bed height.Bubble growth was barely influenced by temperature.The volume of bubble phase increases when fluidized velocity is accelerated,resulting in growth of bubble size.The pressure fluctuation amplitude in bed surface is larger than that in bed.When methane introduced to the reactor,average pressure and pressure fluctuation amplitude in bed reduce,while pressure fluctuation amplitude increases above bed surface.


Species of Phycomyces have often been used for studies on the effect of auxins on fungi (Gruen, 1959a), but have received only little attention from the point of view of auxin synthesis. Heyn (1935) reported briefly that sporangiophores of Phycomyces nitens Kunze contained auxin with a molecular weight close to that of indoleacetic acid (IAA) as determined by the agar diffusion method which is inadequate for distinguishing different indole auxins, including derivatives of IAA. In a more detailed study of P. blakesleeanus Burgeff grown on rice, Kogl and Verkaaik (1944) extracted auxin from sporangiophores which was stable to boiling in alkali, but which lost most of its activity on boiling in acid. They concluded that the acid-labile fraction was IAA, while the acid-resistant residue was believed to be auxin A since its molecular weight of 330 (agar diffusion method) was close to the theoretical value of 328. The existence of auxin A is no longer accepted, and later work has shown that the results of acid treatment of auxin are difricult to interpret (Wiedow-Patzold and v. Guttenberg, 1957). Direct application of IAA to sporangiophores gave no evidence that it acted as a growth regulator in Phycomyces (Banbury, 1952; Maass, 1958; Thimann and Gruen, 1960), and in subsequent (unpub? lished) experiments IAA was found not to promote the growth of iso-


This paper aims to make an in-depth and systematic study on the relationship between international trade and labor force handholding length. The research purposes mainly include the following aspects: First of all, this paper deeply summarizes and discusses various impact mechanisms of international trade on the labor market, laying a corresponding theoretical foundation for empirical research. Secondly, this paper constructs an econometric model of the impact of trade liberalization on the labor market, and uses China's trade, labor and other relevant data to quantify the impact of different technologies on the labor force in China's industrial industries. This paper focuses on the challenges existing in China's economic development, studies and discusses how the regional labor market is affected by the impact of trade liberalization from a dynamic perspective, as well as the differences in the impact in different regions. Finally, relevant policy suggestions are put forward for China's overall trade strategy choice, China's labor market development policy.


"junzi" is an ideal personality standard to Confucius,the analects of Confucian is one of the famous literature," junzi" as a word appears up to 100 times in the literature,from which we can see the status and value about the thought of " junzi".Through combing the meaning of "junzi",discussion the standard about "junzi" in Confucius' mind,then make the further understanding of the connotation and essence about the "A way of "Junzi" in the analects of Confucian,finally we locate in the pursuit of value that reveal personality charm level,it is still have a profound significance in our lives.


The present invention relates to a cell into which RNA that suppresses the function of an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction for converting GDP-mannose to GDP-4-keto, 6-deoxy-GDP-mannose, and production of a glycoprotein composition using the cell. Method, RNA that suppresses the function of an enzyme involved in sugar chain modification in which the 1-position of fucose is α-linked to the 6-position of N-acetylglucosamine at the N-glycoside-linked complex sugar chain reducing terminal, and intracellular sugar nucleotide GDP- A cell into which RNA that suppresses the function of an enzyme protein involved in the synthesis of fucose or an RNA that suppresses the function of a protein involved in the transport of intracellular sugar nucleotide GDP-fucose to the Golgi apparatus, and a glycoprotein composition using the cell Provide a manufacturing method of goods.


A metafilm consisting of a planar periodic array of electrically small dielectric spheres that are electrically small in spacing is known to support guided waves in certain frequency ranges. In this paper, we examine the effect of slight radius variations between spheres in the array. Such variations may be due to process effects during fabrication, or may be introduced intentionally in order to obtain certain behavior (guidance or radiation) in prescribed frequency ranges. For a checkerboard-type alternation of sphere radii, we observe Fano resonances in the surface susceptibilities of the metafilm, which carry over to analogous resonant behavior of the guided-wave propagation constants that is not observed for a uniform array.


Communication teaching should now be an important part of the undergraduate curriculum. Training in cultural issues has been identified as missing by practising doctors. We describe here teaching which addressed both areas. Second-year students visited and interviewed a family from an ethnic minority group. They then presented and discussed their findings in groups of 12. Evaluation showed that most students found the teaching both interesting and useful. Their understanding of cultural factors in health, as well as communication skilk, had increased.


Palygorskite clay supported Cp2TiCl2 catalyst system was developed and evaluated by ethylene slurry polymerization.The inorganic carrier was thermally activated at 500℃ to generate surface Lewis acidity,which was confirmed by pyridine adsorption experiment and subsequent FTIR spectra analysis.Two types of supported catalysts were prepared:immobilizing the metallocene catalyst directly on the carrier(Cat-A)and also on the carrier with methylaluminoxane(MAO)modification(Cat-B).Polymerization was carried out in toluene at 40℃ and 60℃ with the supported Cp2TiCl2 catalyst and homogeneous analogue.Cat-A gave higher catalyst activity compared with Cat-B,and was even more robust than corresponding homogeneous catalyst.This specifically high activity of Cat-A was attributed to the surface Lewis acidity of the thermally activated clay.Models of active surface species were discussed in comparison with silica supported metallocene catalyst.With the directly supported catalyst,molecular weights and melting points of the polymer products were lower than those of the polymer products obtained with Cat-B,and the polymer properties were much more affected by the polymerization temperature.By analyzing the SEM photographs of polymers at different polymerization stages,morphological replication of the single fiber of palygorskite was revealed and a final polyethylene "fiber cluster" structure was formed.This interesting evolution of polymer morphology was further discussed in relation to polyethylene/clay composite and the method of improving the final polymer morphology.


"Elsevier's Dictionary of Transports and Logistics" contains a collection of words and expressions pertaining to the transport profession, not only transport, but also the related semantic fields, such as: accountancy, customs, insurance, handling and warehousing. Also the various branches of transport itself (road transport, rail transport, air transport, maritime transport, fluvial transport) and their inevitable companion, logistics, which is also covered by numerous items. The manifold entries by alphabetical order are designed to render this book user-friendly. To make it a valuable time-saving tool, not only at the office, but also when working in the field abroad, whenever possible the semantic field concerned has been specified in brackets with a view to making this wide-ranging dictionary an easy-to-consult publication. The book is meant for both students of transport and for all the actors of the transport profession who will have to use English and French in their dealings with customers both inside and outside the EEC. This dictionary will help all parties involved with transport to communicate more efficiently with foreign users of the language.


1. A description of the sun.- 1.1. Brief History.- 1.2. Overall Properties.- 1.2.1. Interior.- 1.2.2. Outer Atmosphere.- 1.3.The Quiet Sun.- 1.3.1. The Interior.- A. The Core.- B. A Model.- C. Convection Zone.- 1.3.2. The Photosphere.- A. Motions.- B. Magnetic Field.- C. A Model.- 1.3.3. The Chromosphere.- 1.3.4. The Corona.- A. At Eclipses.- B. In X-rays.- C. Solar Wind.- 1.4. Transient Features.- 1.4.1. Active Regions.- A. Development.- B. Structure.- C. Loops.- D. Internal Motions.- 1.4.2. Sunspots.- A. Development.- B. Umbra.- C. Penumbra.- D. Motion.- E. Solar Cycle.- 1.4.3. Prominences.- A. Introduction.- B. Properties.- C. Development.- D. Structure.- E. Eruption.- F. Coronal Transients.- 1.4.4. Solar Flares.- A. Basic Description.- B. Ground-Based Observations.- C. Space Observations.- 2. The basic equations of magnetohydrodynamics.- 2.1. Electromagnetic Equations.- 2.1.1. Maxwell's Equations.- 2.1.2. Ohm's Law.- 2.1.3. Generalised Ohm's Law.- 2.1.4. Induction Equation.- 2.1.5. Electrical Conductivity.- 2.2. Plasma Equations.- 2.2.1. Mass Continuity.- 2.2.2. Equation of Motion.- 2.2.3. Perfect Gas Law.- 2.3. Energy Equations.- 2.3.1. Different Forms of Heat Equation.- 2.3.2 Thermal Conduction.- 2.3.3. Radiation.- 2.3.4. Heating.- 2.3.5. Energetics.- 2.4. Summary of Equations.- 2.4.1. Assumptions.- 2.4.2 Reduced Forms of the Equations.- 2.5. Dimensionless Parameters.- 2.6. Consequences of the Induction Equation.- 2.6.1. Diffusive Limit.- 2.6.2. Perfectly Conducting Limit.- 2.7. The Lorentz Force.- 2.8. Some Theorems.- 2.8.1. Cowling's Antidynamo Theorem.- 2.8.2. Taylor-Proudman Theorem.- 2.8.3. Ferraro's Law of Isorotation.- 2.8.4. The Virial Theorem.- 2.9. Summary of Magnetic Flux Tube Behaviour.- 2.9.1. Definitions.- 2.9.2. General Properties.- 2.9.3. Flux Tubes in the Solar Atmosphere.- 2.10. Summary of Current Sheet Behaviour.- 2.10.1. Processes of Formation.- 2.10.2. Properties.- 3. Magnetohydrostatics.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. Plasma Structure in a Prescribed Magnetic Field.- 3.3. The Structure of Magnetic Flux Tubes (Cylindrically Symmetric).- 3.3.1. Purely Axial Field.- 3.3.2. Purely Azimuthal Field.- 3.3.3. Force-Free Fields.- A. Linear Field.- B. Nonlinear Fields.- C. Effect of Twisting a Tube.- D. Effect of Expanding a Tube.- E. A Tube of Non-Uniform Radius.- 3.3.4. Magnetostatic Fields.- 3.4. Current-Free Fields.- 3.5. Force-Free Fields.- 3.5.1. General Theorems.- 3.5.2. Simple Constant-? Solutions.- 3.5.3. General Constant- ? Solutions.- 3.5.4. Non-Constant- ? Solutions.- 3.5.5. Diffusion.- 3.5.6. Coronal Evolution.- 3.6. Magnetohydrostatic Fields.- 4. Waves.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.1.1. Fundamental Modes.- 4.1.2. Basic Equations.- 4.2. Sound Waves.- 4.3. Magnetic Waves.- 4.3.1. Shear Alfven Waves.- 4.3.2. Compressional Alfven Waves.- 4.4. Internal Gravity Waves.- 4.5. Inertial Waves.- 4.6. Magnetoacoustic Waves.- 4.7. Acoustic-Gravity Waves.- 4.8. Summary of Magnetoacoustic-Gravity Waves.- 4.9. Five-Minute Oscillations.- 4.9.1. Observations.- 4.9.2. Models.- A. Photospheric Ringing.- B. Wave Trapping.- 4.9.3. Wave Generation.- 4.9.4. Strong Magnetic Field Regions.- 4.9.5. The Future.- 4.10. Waves in a Strongly Inhomogeneous Medium.- 4.10.1. Surface Waves on a Magnetic Interface.- 4.10.2. A Twisted Magnetic Flux Tube.- 4.10.3. A Stratified Atmosphere.- 5. Shock waves.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.1.1. Formation of a Hydrodynamic Shock.- 5.1.2. Effects of a Magnetic Field.- 5.2. Hydrodynamic Shocks.- 5.3. Perpendicular Shocks.- 5.4. Oblique Shocks.- 5.4.1. Jump Relations.- 5.4.2. Slow and Fast Shocks.- 5.4.3. Switch-Off and Switch-On Shocks.- 5.4.4. The Intermediate Wave.- 6. Heating of the upper atmosphere.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. Models for Atmospheric Structure.- 6.2.1. Basic Model.- 6.2.2. Magnetic Field Effects.- 6.2.3. Additional Effects.- 6.3. Acoustic Wave Heating.- 6.3.1. Steepening.- 6.3.2. Propagation and Dissipation.- 6.4. Magnetic Heating.- 6.4.1. Propagation and Dissipation of Magnetic Waves.- 6.4.2. Nonlinear Coupling of Alfven Waves.- 6.4.3. Resonant Absorption of Alfven Waves.- 6.4.4. Magnetic Field Dissipation.- A. Order of Magnitude.- B. Current Sheets.- C. Current Filaments.- 6.5. Coronal Loops.- 6.5.1. Static Energy-Balance Models.- A. Uniform Pressure Loops.- B. Cool Cores.- C. Hydrostatic Equilibrium.- 6.5.2. Flows in Coronal Loops.- 7. Instability.- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Linearised Equations.- 7.3. Normal Mode Method.- 7.3.1. Example: Rayleigh-Taylor Instability.- A. Plasma Supported by a Magnetic Field.- B. Uniform Magnetic Field B0(+) = B0(-).- 7.4. Variational (or Energy) Method.- 7.4.1. Example: Kink Instability.- 7.4.2. Use of the Energy Method.- 7.5. Summary of Instabilities.- 7.5.1. Interchange Instability.- 7.5.2. Rayleigh-Taylor Instability.- 7.5.3. Pinched Discharge.- 7.5.4. Flow Instability.- 7.5.5. Resistive Instability.- 7.5.6. Convective Instability.- 7.5.7. Radiatively-Driven Thermal Instability.- 7.5.8. Other Instabilities.- 8. Sunspots.- 8.1. Magnetoconvection.- 8.1.1. Physical Effects.- 8.1.2. Linear Stability Analysis.- 8.1.3. Magnetic Flux Expulsion and Concentration.- 8.2. Magnetic Buoyancy.- 8.2.1. Qualitative Effect.- 8.2.2. Magnetic Buoyancy Instability.- 8.2.3. The Rise of Flux Tubes in the Sun.- 8.3. Cooling of Sunspots.- 8.4. Equilibrium Structure of Sunspots.- 8.4.1. Magnetohydrostatic Equilibrium.- 8.4.2. Sunspot Stability.- 8.5. The Sunspot Penumbra.- 8.6. Evolution of a Sunspot.- 8.6.1. Formation.- 8.6.2. Decay.- 8.7. Intense Flux Tubes.- 8.7.1. Equilibrium of a Slender Flux Tube.- 8.7.2. Intense Magnetic Field Instability.- 8.7.3. Spicule Generation.- 8.7.4. Tube Waves.- 9. Dynamo theory.- 9.1. Introduction.- 9.2. Cowling's Theorem.- 9.3. Qualitative Dynamo Action.- 9.3.1. Generation of Toroidal and Poloidal Fields.- 9.3.2. Phenomenological Model.- 9.4. Kinematic Dynamos.- 9.4.1. Nearly-Symmetric Dynamo.- 9.4.2. Turbulent Dynamo: Mean-Field Electrodynamics.- 9.4.3. Simple Solution: Dynamo Waves.- 9.4.4. Solar Cycle Models: The ?-? Dynamo.- 9.5. Magnetohydrodynamic Dynamos.- 9.5.1. Modified Kinematic Dynamos.- 9.5.2. Strange Attractors.- 9.5.3. Convective Dynamos.- 9.6. Difficulties with Dynamo Theory.- 10. Solar flares.- 10.1. Magnetic Reconnection.- 10.1.1. Unidirectional Field.- 10.1.2. Diffusion Region.- 10.1.3. The Petschek Mechanism.- 10.1.4. External Region.- 10.2. Simple-Loop Flare.- 10.2.1. Emerging (or Evolving) Flux Model.- 10.2.2. Thermal Nonequilibrium.- 10.2.3. Kink Instability.- 10.2.4. Resistive Kink Instability.- 10.3. Two-Ribbon Flare.- 10.3.1 Existence and Multiplicity of Force-Free Equilibria.- 10.3.2 Eruptive Instability.- 10.3.3 The Main Phase: 'Post'-Flare Loops.- 11. Prominences.- 11.1. Formation.- 11.1.1. Formation in a Loop (Active-Region Prominences).- 11.1.2. Formation in a Coronal Arcade.- 11.1.3. Formation in a Current Sheet.- A. Thermal Nonequilibrium.- B. Line-Tying.- 11.2. Magnetohydrostatics of Support in a Simple Arcade.- 11.2.1. Kippenhahn-Schluter Model.- 11.2.2. Generalised Kippenhahn-Schluter Model.- 11.2.3. The External Field.- 11.2.4. Magnetohydrodynamic Stability.- 11.2.5. Helical Structure.- 11.3. Support in Configurations with Helical Fields.- 11.3.1. Support in a Current Sheet.- 11.3.2. Support in a Horizontal Field.- 11.4. Coronal Transients.- 11.4.1. Twisted Loop Models.- 11.4.2. Untwisted Loop Models.- 11.4.3. Numerical Models.- 11.4.4. Conclusion.- 12. The solar wind.- 12.1. Introduction.- 12.2. Parker's Solution.- 12.3. Models for a Spherical Expansion.- 12.2.1. Energy Equation.- 12.2.2. Two-Fluid Model.- 12.2.3. Magnetic Field.- 12.4. Streamers and Coronal Holes.- 12.4.1. Pneuman-Kopp Model.- A. Basic Model.- B. Angular Momentum Loss.- C. Current Sheet.- 12.4.2. Coronal Hole Models.- 12.5. Extra Effects.- Appendix I. Units.- Appendix II. Useful Values and Expressions.- Appendix III. Notation.- References.


Background: No prospective randomized trials exist comparing high-dose therapy (HDT) followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) against conventional therapy for management of peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) as upfront consolidation or in the relapsed/refractory (R/R) settings. Available data supporting this approach is limited to single-arm prospective or retrospective studies only. Accordingly, we performed a systematic review/meta-analysis of the published literature using PUBMED/MEDLINE from date of inception until March 4, 2015.

Patients and methods : Our search identified 1586 publications, but only 27 (n=1368) met our inclusion criteria. Data were collected on treatment benefits (progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS)) and harms (transplant-related mortality (TRM) and secondary malignancies).

Results : Specifically pertaining to HDT/auto-HCT as front-line consolidation data were available from 3 single-arm prospective (n=179) and 16 retrospective (n=599) studies. Moreover, for HDT/auto-HCT for R/R disease, 14 eligible retrospective (n=581) studies were identified. Pooled analysis of only prospective studies showed rates of PFS (2 studies, n=158) 33% (95%CI=14-56%), OS (3 studies, n=179) 54% (95%CI=32-75%), and TRM (2 studies, n=136) 2% (0.3-5%) for HDT/auto-HCT as front-line consolidation. When only retrospective studies were analyzed, pooled analysis showed rates of PFS (12 studies, n=518) 55% (95%CI=40-69%), OS (16 studies, n=599) 68% (95%CI=56-78%), TRM (7 studies, n=226) 6% (95%CI=2-11%), and incidence of secondary malignancies (4 studies, n=153) of 7% (95%CI=2-14%) with HDT/auto-HCT as front-line consolidation. Alternatively, pooled analysis of retrospective studies evaluating HDT/auto-HCT in the R/R setting showed rates of PFS (11 studies, n=511) 36% (95%CI=32-40%), OS (14 studies, n=581) 47% (95%CI=43-51%), TRM (5 studies, n=338) 10% (95%CI=5-17%), and incidence of secondary malignancies (1 study, n=29) of 3.4%. Additionally, we evaluated the efficacy of HDT/auto-HCT in various histologic subtypes both as front-line consolidation and in R/R disease. Only 1 prospective study using HDT/auto-HCT as front-line consolidation showed an apparently higher 5-year PFS and OS for ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK-neg-ALCL) (PFS=61%, OS=70%) compared to PTCL-NOS (PFS=38%, OS=47%) or angioimmunoblastic (AILT) (PFS=49%, OS=52%). Moreover, 2 retrospective studies using HDT/auto-HCT as front-line consolidation also showed higher rates of PFS and OS for ALCL (PFS=68%, OS=78%) compared to PTCL-NOS (PFS=64%, OS=75%) or AILT (PFS=48%, OS=63%). Finally, in the R/R setting, outcomes following HDT/auto-HCT from one retrospective study showed higher PFS for ALCL (67%) vs. PTCL-NOS (23%). The observed heterogeneity was statistically significant for PFS and OS among prospective (p=0.008 and p=0.0009) and retrospective (p<0.0001 and p<0.0001) studies evaluating HDT/auto-HCT as front-line consolidation but not for studies evaluating this strategy in the R/R setting (p=0.8 and p=0.7).

Conclusion : These results suggest that HDT/auto-HCT is a reasonable treatment option to offer as front-line consolidation with resulting OS ranging from 54% to 68% and a relatively low TRM ranging from 2% to 6%. In the R/R setting, HDT/auto-HCT is also a reasonable option yielding an OS of 47% but with slightly higher TRM of 10%. Among the various histologic subtypes, PFS and OS rates appear to be higher in ALCL but larger appropriately powered comparative prospective studies will be needed to confirm these findings. Patients should be made aware of the increased risk of secondary malignancies of up to 7% when considering HDT/auto-HCT.

Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


We studied migration, birth rate and death rate of 59 grizzly bears Ursus arctos on a plateau (N = 29) with extensive forestry activities, and adjacent relatively undeveloped mountains (N = 30) during 1998–2003, to examine population parameters and/or limiting factors that might have contributed to a large difference in grizzly bear density between landscapes. Female bears in our low-density area (i.e. plateau) were heavier, in better condition, and more often accompanied by cubs than their mountain counterparts. Survival rates were comparable for adult bears but were significantly lower for subadult bears on the plateau. All deaths of bears which lived on the plateau for which cause of death was identified were human-caused as compared with one of three in the mountains. Plateau bear deaths were highest in fall coinciding with people hunting other species. Density-dependent factors appeared to be more important to mountain bear demographics, whereas bears on the plateau appeared to be limited by human-caused bear mortality. Forest harvest did not appear to have negative effects on reproductive parameters of female bears, but associated towns and roads allowed for high human-caused bear mortality. We did not record female dispersal between landscapes leading us to conclude that dispersal from the mountains is unlikely to offset human-caused mortality on the plateau.


In a 1962 article that appeared in the Communications of the ACM, Donald Knuth gave two programs for computing the date on which Easter falls. One was written in ALGOL, the other in COBOL. Besides having a fascinating history, this algorithm makes a good, small programming project. We offer here our programs written in Modula-3 and ML. Modula-3 is an imperative language with modules. Other distinctive features are objects, exception handling, garbage collection, and processes. The August 1992 issue of SIGPLAN Notices reprinted the reference manual for the language. ML is a strongly-typed functional language. Both languages have freely distributed implementations. The Council of Nicaea in 325 A.D. decreed that Easter was to be the Sunday following the full moon which occurred on, or next after, the day of the spring equinox. This rule, however, is ambiguous, since the time and date of the full moon and the equinox depend on the point of observation. These problems were overcome by adopting the 21st of March as the equinox, and by assuming the full moons re-occur after an exact period of nineteen Julian years of 3651⁄4 days. Over the course of a 1,000 years these approximations introduced an error in the equinox of about 10 days. This led to the reformation of the calendar promulgated by Pope Gregory XIII. Knuth has refined and described the algorithm for calculating the date of Easter in the Gregorian calendar. We quote from Exercise 14 from Section 1.3.2 of The Art of Computer Programming: Fundamental Algorithms, page 155-156.


In computer programming language instruction,students' self-learning ability would be developed enormously by guiding learners to master scientific learning methods in learner-centered classroom and encouraging them to explore the nature of self-learning activities with constant practice and reform of the teaching model.


Let A be a recursive structure, and let ψ be a recursive infinitary Π2 sentence involving a new relation symbol. The main result of the paper gives syntactical conditions which are necessary and sufficient for every recursive copy of A to have a recursive expansion to a model of ψ, provided A satisfies certain decidability conditions. The decidability conditions involve a notion of rank. The main result is applied to prove some earlier results of Metakides–Nerode and Goncharov. In these applications, the ranks turn out to be low, but there are examples in which the rank takes arbitrary recursive


Transfusions were first reported to cause acute pulmonary edema unrelated to circulator overload in the 1950s. In the1970's the concept that leukocyte antibodies cause pulmonary transfusion reactions became widely accepted. In the 1980's the term Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI) was first used and TRALI became closely associated with HLA antibodies. The role of neutrophil antibodies in TRALI is supported by look-back studies. One study involving 36 transfusions from a donor with anti-HNA-3a revealed 15 transfusion reactions, eight of which included respiratory symptoms. Another found that the transfusion of anti-HNA-2a resulted in a pulmonary reaction in 12 of 39 recipients. Look-back studies suggest that the transfusion of HLA antibodies infrequently cause TRALI. A review the records of 103 patients who received a blood transfusion from a TRALI-implicated donor with broadly reactive HLA-class I and class II antibodies revealed one severe pulmonary reaction. Animal models and a prospective clinical study support a role for neutrophil antibodies in TRALI. A prospective clinical study which assessed reactions to fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusions from multiparous donors found that four of 100 multiparous donor FFP transfusions caused reactions; three mild pulmonary reactions and one TRALI. Neutrophil-specific, but not HLA-specific antibodies were found in the multiparous FFP causing TRALI and in one of three units causing mild reactions. Animal models have found that anti-HNA-2a and anti-HNA-3a cause neutrophil-mediated lung injury. TRALI is also caused by the transfusion of biologically active lipids that accumulate in both red cell and platelet components during storage. A retrospective study found bioactive lipids in patients with TRALI but not in control patients. A prospective study of TRALI patients found higher levels of bioactive lipids in units implicated in TRALI than in control units. A case-control study of TRALI suggests that bioactive lipids play a greater role in TRALI than leukocyte antibodies. A new consensus definition of TRALI bases the diagnosis on clinical findings and is not dependent on the results of antibody or other tests. New standards require the evaluation of TRALI-implicated donors and currently available data supports excluding donors with neutrophil antibodies, but not necessarily those with HLA antibodies. In conclusion, TRALI is a syndrome rather than a single entity. TRALI is due to the transfusion of soluble plasma factors that likely include, but are not limited to leukocyte antibodies and bioactive lipids. TRALI represents the most severe form of a wide variety of pulmonary transfusion reactions.


The effect of stress simulation, modeled by a single physical exercise in the form of veloergometry (PWC170 test), on hemostatic parameters in 20 healthy young people (18-23 years) has been studied. Stress simulation causes hypercoagulative shifts and anticoagulant and fibrinolytic blood systems activation in all trial subjects. It is shown that hemostatic parameters changes can be adjusted with the administration of Eleutherococcus one of adaptogenic drugs. After the 30-days drug administration in the same subjects the hypercoagulative shifts of hemostatic system smoothed and the plasma anticoagulative reserves increased after physical exercises.


ABSTRACT In general terms, this paper situates the audiovisual-essay within current debates about the institutional viability of practice based research and argues that the video-essay as a form can unsettle verities about the relationship between creative play and scholarly knowledge within the university. It also makes a case for adopting an expanded conception of writing informed by Jacques Derrida's account of grammatology as an integral strategy for legitimating the audiovisual essay as an assessment tool. The paper also contests assumptions about what constitutes effective pedagogy in constructive alignment, a theory of educational measurement currently in-vogue in academic institutions.


The fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system has various types of applications, with each application requiring different requirements. The characteristic of this system is flexible architecture. Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM) fulfills these requirements. However, as with other multicarrier systems, GFDM is also susceptible to nonlinear distortion due to the High Power Amplifier (HPA). In this paper, we examine the nonlinear distortion effect of the Rapp model on the GFDM system. We investigate 3 parameters namely Bit Error Rate (BER), the signal spectrum, and the Peak Average Power Ratio (PAPR). Simulation results show that PAPR on GFDM is more resistant to nonlinear distortion due to pulse shaping. The PAPR GFDM value with the Rapp Model is around 3dB, better than the Saleh Model. PSD on GFDM has not changed much due to nonlinear distortion, out-of-band (OOB) values from GFDM are still good around -90dB. But, BER performance on GFDM is very bad if given nonlinear distortion, At the time of Eb/No20dB, the BER achieved was less than 10-1.


This paper aims to contribute to the literature on global talent management by examining how multinational corporations (MNCs) from developed and emerging economies manage talented employees in other emerging economies. Specifically, it aims to understand why MNCs from developed economies are likely to face lower levels of challenge than MNCs from emerging economies when translating corporate-level talent management strategies to their subsidiaries located in emerging economies and how local contextual factors influence the translation processes.,This paper undertakes a matched-case comparison of two MNCs, one from a developed economy and the other from an emerging economy, that operate in the emerging economy of Thailand. Evidence was obtained from semi-structured interviews field visits and a review of archival documents and Web resources.,Based on the obtained evidence, this paper proposes that MNCs from developed economies tend to face challenges in terms of skill shortages, and these challenges affect their translation of talent management strategies to the subsidiary level. By contrast, MNCs from emerging economies tend to face challenges in terms of both skill shortages and the liability of origin (LOR) (i.e. weak employer branding) in the translation process. Both groups of MNCs are likely to develop talent management practices at the subsidiary level to address the challenge of successfully competing in the context of emerging economies.,One limitation of this research is its methodology. Because this research is based on a matched-case comparison of an MNC from a developed economy and an MNC from an emerging economy, both of which operate in the emerging economy of Thailand, it does not claim generalizability to all MNCs and to other emerging economies. Rather, the results of this research should lead to further discussion of how MNCs from developed and emerging economies translate corporate-level talent management strategies into subsidiary-level practices to survive in other emerging economies. However, one important issue here is that there may be a tension between the use of expatriates and local top managers at MNCs' subsidiaries located in other emerging economies as drivers for knowledge sourcing in that the importance of expatriates may diminish over time as the subsidiaries located in those economies age (Dahms, 2019). In this regard, future research in the area of global talent management should pay special attention to this issue. The other important issue here is that it is possible that the two case study MNCs are very different from one another because of their organizational development stage, history and current globalization stage. Thus, this issue may also influence the types of talent management strategies and practices that the two case study MNCs have developed in different countries. In particular, MNCs from emerging economies (ICBC) may not have developed their global HR strategies, as they have not yet operated globally as in the case of MNCs from developed economies (Citibank). This can be another important issue for future research. Additionally, both MNCs examined in this research operate in the banking industry. This study, therefore, omits MNCs that operate in other industries such as the automobile industry and the hotel and resort industry. Future researchers can explore how both groups of MNCs in other industries translate their talent management strategies into practices when they operate in other emerging economies. Moreover, this study focuses only on two primary contextual factors, the skill-shortage problem and LOR; future research can explore other local contextual factors, such as the national culture, and their impact on the translation of talent management strategies into practices. Furthermore, quantitative studies that use large sample sizes of both groups of MNCs across industries might be useful in deepening our understanding of talent management. Finally, a comparison of talent management strategies and practices between Japanese MNCs and European MNCs that operate in Thailand would also be interesting.,The HR professionals and managers of MNCs that operate in emerging economies or of companies that aim to internationalize their business to emerging economies must pay attention to local institutional structures, including national skill formation systems, to successfully implement talent management practices in emerging economies. Additionally, in the case of MNCs from emerging economies, HR professionals and managers must understand the concept of LOR and look for ways to alleviate this problem to ensure the success of talent management in both developed economies and other emerging economies.,This paper provides policy implications for the government in Thailand and in other emerging economies where the skill-shortage problem is particularly severe. Specifically, these governments should pay attention to solving the problem of occupation-level skill shortages to alleviate the severe competition for talented candidates among firms in the labor market.,This paper contributes to the prior literature on talent management in several ways. First, this paper is among the first empirical, qualitative papers that aim to extend the literature on global talent management by focusing on how MNCs from different groups of countries (i.e. developed economies and emerging economies) manage talented employees in the emerging economy of Thailand. Second, this paper demonstrates that the institutional structures of emerging economies play an important role in shaping the talent management practices adopted by the subsidiaries of MNCs that operate in these countries. In this regard, comparative institutionalism theory helps explain the importance of recognizing institutional structures in emerging economies for the purpose of developing effective talent management practices. Finally, there is scarce research on talent management in the underresearched country of Thailand. This study should, therefore, assist managers who wish to implement corporate-to-subsidiary translation strategies in Thailand and other emerging economies.


A 40 Gb/s all-optical modulation format conversion from return-to-zero (RZ) to carrier suppressed return-to-zero (CSRZ) with simultaneous regenerative wavelength conversion is introduced relaying on a versatile scheme of a single SOA followed by a filter.


One-channel time-reversal experiments in closed chaotic cavities produce excellent, but not perfect, time-reversed focusing. This paper investigates such experiments by a simple eigenmode analysis of the system. It shows that the process is, even for long reversed signals, subject to an information loss during recording and re-emission which prevents perfect time-reversal. This fact can be expressed by a simple equation, called the cavity equation, which states that the signal of a one-channel time-reversal is equal to the signal of a perfect time-reversal after convolution with the backscattering impulse response of the reversal point (i.e., from this point to this point). The latter convolution describes the introduction of the loss of information. Furthermore, arguments are presented suggesting that one third of the total energy of the time-reversed wave field is actually contained in the refocusing wavefront. The predictions are verified by numerical finite-difference time-domain simulations.


Visual monitoring supported by the Internet of Things (IoT) increasingly relies on analyzing a mass of image data with human–machine interactive mechanisms. However, maintaining the efficiency of such a monitoring system in complex environments with energy or bandwidth constraints poses challenges. While both human perception and machine analysis performance should be satisfied, transmitting extra information to satisfy both should be avoided for efficient resource utilization. To this end, we propose a human–machine interaction-oriented image coding (HMI-IC) framework based on deep learning. In this framework, machines should provide early monitoring messages consisting of analysis results and preview images, and then humans can additionally request high-quality images of objects of interest. Each collected image is compressed into a layered data stream by HMI-IC to fulfill the demands of analysis, preview visualization, and high-quality reconstruction. Adaptive coding transmission can fit different demands in two stages, according to resource constraints. Experimental results show that both accuracy and inference speed on compressed images are improved by our method, with entire coding efficiency comparable to JPEG2000. To validate HMI-IC's efficiency in practical terms, we provide two use cases (energy constrained and bandwidth constrained) for visual monitoring.


Objective
To investigate the role of MUC1 in hepatolithiasis associated with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Methods
Ninety cases biopsies of hepatectomies performed from August 1989 to June 2009 in the second affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen university were stained immunohistochemically for MUC1. Among them 33 cases with hepatolithiasis associated with intraheptic cholangiocarcinoma were experimental group, 32 cases with hepatolithiasis were control group and 25 cases of normal intrahepatic bile ducts were taken 1-2 cm distal to benign hepatic neoplasm as blank group. The immunohistochemical staining of MUC1 were performed by tissues slice.

Results
MUC1 positive rate were 54.5%(18/33), 28.1%(9/32) and 0(0/25) in experimental group, control group and blank group respectively, P<0.01. The positive rates were significantly different in experimental group among histopathologic classification(P<0.05) and whether with lymph node metastasis or not(P<0.01). The accumulated survival rate was lower in MUC1 expressed tumor patients than that in MUC1 non-expressed tumor patients, P<0.01.

Conclusions
MUC1 probably plays an important role during intrahepatic cholangiocarcinogenesis. High level expression of MUC1 is related with malignancy of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and with worse prognosis.

Key words:
Mucins; MUC1; Intrahepati; Cholelithiasis; Cholangiocarcinoma


Load modeling plays an important role in power system simulation studies. As the system loads evolve, load modeling communities worldwide are working to refine existing models as well as develop new models. In addition to the fault responses, the system loads also affect the ensuing interarea oscillations. The ability of a transmission planner to predict the damping of a future power system with changing loads depends greatly on how the load is modeled in transmission planning studies. This paper explains the mechanism of the impact of loads as well as load modeling on the electromechanical oscillations using a phasor approach and highlights how the changing load as well as the load modeling assumptions can play a big part in the ability of a planner to gauge the impact of loads on these oscillations.


COMMUNICATIONS Broadcasting . Modulation and Demodulation Richard C. Dorf and Zhen Wan . Radio Broadcasting Jerry C. Whitaker . Television Systems Jerry C. Whitaker . High-Definition Television Martin S. Roden . Digital Audio Broadcasting Stanley Salek and Almon H. Clegg Equalization Richard C. Dorf and Zhen Wan Optical Communication . Lightwave Technology for Video Transmission Thomas E. Darcie . Long Distance Fiber Optic Communications Joseph C. Palais . Photonic Networks Alan E. Willner and Reza Khosravani Computer Networks . Computer Communication Networks John N. Daigle . Local Area Networks Sarhan M. Musa and Matthew N.O. Sadiku . The Intelligent Network Richard B. Robrock II . Mobile Internet Apostolis K. Salkintzis and Nikos Passas . Quality of Service in Packet-Switched Networks Stan McClellan and Remzi Seker Ad Hoc Wireless Networks Mohammad Ilyas Information Theory . Signal Detection H. Vincent Poor . Noise Carl G. Looney . Stochastic Processes Carl G. Looney . The Sampling Theorem Robert J. Marks II . Channel Capacity Sergio Verdu . Data Compression Joy A. Thomas and Thomas M. Cover Satellites and Aerospace Daniel F. DiFonzo Digital Video Processing Todd R. Reed Low Sample Support Adaptive Parameter Estimation and Packet-Data Detection for Mobile Communications Haoli Qian, Stella N. Batalama, and Dimitri Kazakos Bandwidth Efficient Modulation in Optical Communications Moncef B. Tayahi and Banmali S. Rawat Phase-Locked Loop Steven L. Maddy Telemetry Stephen Horan Computer-Aided Design and Analysis of Communication Systems William H. Tranter and Kurt L. Kosbar MATHEMATICS, SYMBOLS, AND PHYSICAL CONSTANTS Introduction Ronald J. Tallarida . Greek Alphabet . International System of Units (SI) . Conversion Constants and Multipliers . Physical Constants . Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities . Credits . Probability for Electrical and Computer Engineers Charles W. Therrien INDEX


In the aftermath of the 1997/1998 Asian financial crisis, there are signs that in Malaysia, corporate governance practices are gradually converging towards the Anglo-American model. Drawing on three key theoretical lenses, namely agency theory, institutional theory and resource dependence theory, this study investigates an unexplored phenomenon in corporate governance reformation, at least in the context of Malaysia. The study examines the relationship between corporate governance elements and the level of foreign equity ownership (FEO) in Malaysian public listed companies (PLCs). More specifically, the aim of this study is to answer the following research question - Does corporate governance influence the level of FEO in Malaysian companies?

In the context of this study, corporate governance is taken to be the aggregate of board of directors characteristics, directors attributes and ownership structure. On the other side of the equation is FEO, which is taken to be the proportion of equity owned by foreigners. The majority of foreign investors who are making investments in Malaysia originate from Western countries, and are accustomed to the Anglo-American corporate governance system.

Thus, this study examines the influence of governance mechanisms in attracting foreign investors in a unique governance context following a major economic event i.e. the Asian financial crisis of 1997/1998. Accompanied by institutional theory and resource dependence theory, agency theory is used as the key lens to explain the hypothesised relationships. The study's hypotheses are tested using the panel data derived from 1,836 observations over a 12 year period, from 2000 through 2011. By considering the existence of heteroscedasticity and the serial correlation problems, the generalised least square (GLS) method was employed to estimate the model. To enrich the findings, logistic regression analysis was further applied and the potential endogeneity issue was resolved with a GMM test.

The findings indicate that the level of FEO in Malaysian PLCs is significantly related to foreign directorships, the Western educational background of directors, professional directors, and multiple-directorships. However, the results defy the significant relationships of board size and outside directors, as generally proposed in the extant literature. In addition, the role of ownership structure is important in foreign investors behaviour, since it is found that foreign investors avoid investing in family-controlled companies and in companies with high institutional ownership. Therefore, from the overall results of this study, it can be concluded that there is evidence that corporate governance mechanisms do influence foreign investors decision making, at least in Malaysian PLCs.

The implications of this study are discussed in terms of the relevant literature, theory, methodology and practice. In brief, this study has great potential impact in many respects including its relevance for policymakers in setting up new policies, designing new rules and strengthening existing regulations, both at country and firm levels.


The latest facts and figures on the sector including its business drivers, economic impact, innovation, investment, trade and skills as well as an international and regional comparative analysis.


Fischer carbene complexes of general structure (CO)5MC(Ar)(OCHRAr'), where M = Cr or W and R = H or Me, rearrange to ketones, ArC(O)CHRAr'Cr(CO)3 or ArC(O)CHRAr' (for M = W), on heating. For M = W and Ar' = 2-furyl, the rearrangement is the most facile. A probable mechanism is proposed. Rearrangement also occurs with (CO)5WC(4-Me-C6H4)(OCH2CHCMe2) and (CO)5WC(Ph)(OCH2CHCHPh); the ketones do not result from a [3,3]-sigmatropic shift alone. Excellent diastereoselectivity is observed with (CO)5CrC(Ph){OCH(Me)(C6H4-2-OMe)}; that the product obtained is a result of kinetic control is established by an equilibration experiment. The structure of this product was determined by X-ray crystallography.


e13001 Background: Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) are transmembrane kinase proteins with growing importance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) biology given the frequency of molecular alterations and vast interface with multiple other signaling pathways. Furthermore, numerous FGFR inhibitors in clinical development demonstrate the expanding therapeutic relevance of this pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of FGFR-TACC fusions in Chinese NSCLC populations, which had not been reported earlier, and to describe targeting potential in Chinese NSCLC populations. Methods: A multicenter study in China was initiated from February 2014, and NSCLC patients have been enrolled as of December 2018. Capture-based comprehensive genomic profiling was performed on 2743 NSCLC FFPE samples sequenced to a mean coverage depth of > 650X for up to 381 cancer-related genes. Genomic alterations (GA) included short variant (SV) base subs and insertions/deletions, copy number alterations, and rearrangements/fusions. Tumor mutational burden (TMB; mut/Mb) was calculated on up to 1.2 Mb of sequenced DNA. Results: Of this entire cohort, just 16 (0.58%) patients were identified with FGFR-TACC fusions, including FGFR1-TACC 1 fusion (1), FGFR2-TACC2 fusion (3) and FGFR3-TACC3 fusion (12). Median patient age was 57 (range 36-84 years). Of the FGFR-TACC fusion NSCLC patients, 56.25% were detected in female patients. Biopsies were obtained from primary lung tumor (31.25%) and metastatic sites (68.75%). Overall TMB in the FGFR-TACC fusion was low (median 3.6 mut/Mb), although two cases (12.50%) had > 20 mut/Mb. Of the FGFR-TACC fusion NSCLC patients, two cases (12.50%) featured EGFR SV alterations. Conclusions: FGFR-TACC fusions occur in a subset of patients with NSCLC. Such patients should be considered for clinical trials featuring FGFR inhibitors (AZD4547). Moreover, NGS can provide information for targeted therapy. For NSCLC patients to benefit from more personalized cancer treatment, clinical therapy should improve with clinical diagnostics through multi-gene assays to determine the actual clinical benefits.


This paper probes into a new mode of solving the conflict between digital library construction and copyright,claiming copyright,and based on analyzing the necessity and feasibility of claiming copyright mode,advances some implementing ideas.


In Power system, as the load changes the terminal voltage of the generator will also change. Automatic voltage regulator plays a major role in maintaining the constancy of the voltage. Automatic voltage regulator regulates the voltage with the help of controller to maintain the voltage stability of the power system. Two degree of Freedom Controller optimized by Particle Swarm Optimization will help to adjust the exciter voltage to ensure stable and efficient response due to transient changes in load. The controller used is robust over wide range of operating conditions and it is simple in its structure and easy to implement. The gains of the controller is optimized by the Particle Swarm Optimization to achieve a better dynamic performance, to reject the disturbance due to load and to improve the robustness with respect to parameter uncertainties which may be caused due to load variation, aging of the equipment, dielectric losses etc.


In this paper we introduce a new test of the null hypothesis of no cointegration between a pair of time series. For a very simple generating model, our test compares favourably with the Engle–Granger/Dickey–Fuller test and the Johansen trace test. Indeed, shortcomings of the former motivated the development of our test. The applicability of our test is extended to series generated by low‐order vector autoregressions. Again, we find evidence that this general version of our test is more powerful than the Johansen test. The paper concludes with an empirical example in which the new test finds strong evidence of cointegration, but the Johansen test does not.


The influence of arterial blood gas tensions on angiotensin II‐mediated pressor responses in the pithed rat was studied by altering the inspired gas mixture at a fixed tidal volume. When rats were ventilated to produce physiological Pa, CO2 levels (35‐40 mmHg) responses to boluses of angiotensin II were greater with increasing Pa, O2 over the Pa, O2 range of 65‐460 mmHg. There was no difference in response to angiotensin II over the Pa, CO2 range studied (18‐50 mmHg). All variations in response to angiotensin II were attributable to changes in Pa, O2. Since arterial blood gas tensions, especially the Pa, O2, modulate pressor responses to boluses of angiotensin II, the physiological effects of this hormone may be most fruitfully explored in rats ventilated to produce normal arterial blood gas tensions.


In many applications such as satellite communication, transmission lines are required and waveguides are widely used in these applications. This passive component, which is an indispensable element of microwave systems, is generally not suitable for practical and low-cost applications due to being produced from costly and heavy metals. Therefore, nowadays, the tendency to use low-cost, light and practical components has increased. In this study, origami-inspired waveguide design for Xband satellite communication systems is aimed. This component, which is formed by folding a paper into a three-dimensional structure and covering it with a conductive material, is both practical and fast to produce, portable and adjustable. The obtained simulation results match well with the experimental results, and it has been proven that the paper-based waveguide performs as well as the conventional aluminum waveguide. This makes the proposed method an innovative and cost-effective solution for waveguide fabrication.


We investigate the influence of doping TiO2 surfaces with transition metals (TMs) on the performance of TiO2-based electrodes for the water-splitting electrochemical reaction. Two cluster models of the TM-doped active sites which resemble both the TiO2 anatase (001) and rutile (110) surfaces are considered for the evaluation of the water decomposition reaction when a Ti is replaced by a TM atom. These models constitute a direct extension from our previous work in which similar representations were employed to address the water-splitting reaction on pure TiO2-based electrodes. Regarding the cluster structure as a simplified representation of an active site on the anode in the electrochemical cell, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is investigated using density functional theory (DFT). Simulations are carried out for a set of TMs spanning from vanadium to nickel. The proposed reaction pathways are evaluated via the variation of the free-energy profile with respect to the applied external bias. The late TM...


This paper describes mathematical models of an electromagnetic and piezoelectric hybrid energy harvesting system and provides an analysis of the relationship between the resonance frequency and the configuration parameters of the system. An electromagnetic and piezoelectric energy harvesting device was designed and the experimental results showed good agreement with the analytical results. The maximum load power of the hybrid energy harvesting system achieved 4.25 mW at a resonant frequency of 18 Hz when the acceleration was 0.7 g, which is an increase of 15% compared with the 3.62 mW achieved by a single electromagnetic technique.


Following innervalence ionization of a cluster, the system can relax by electron emission, a phenomenon called intermolecular Coulombic decay. This process is characterized by an efficient energy transfer mechanism between neighboring monomers in the cluster. A theoretical description within the framework of Wigner-Weisskopf theory is developed, thus enabling a detailed analysis of the decay process. The main result of the formal treatment, a simple, approximate expression for the electronic decay width of an innervalence hole state, is applied to investigate the effect of cluster size. On the basis of extensive ab initio calculations, pronounced size effects are found in the concrete example of neon clusters. The decay lifetime decreases in a monotonic fashion from hundred femtoseconds in ${\mathrm{Ne}}_{2}$ down to less than ten femtoseconds in ${\mathrm{Ne}}_{13}.$ Suggestions are made how to facilitate the experimental observation of intermolecular Coulombic decay in clusters and condensed matter.


The objective of this article is to evaluate the management of academic coordination and determine the degree of satisfaction of students in the leveling process in leveling courses at the Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabi, Ecuador. Work was done under a qualitative-quantitative-descriptive-taxonomic approach, with analysis of each of the variables. The main results show determining aspects with quality, referring to the fragile conditions of infrastructure, access to the minimum necessary didactic and technological means. It is evidenced that 91% of the students were satisfied with regard to the topics learned and their usefulness for the learners in learning. The use of counterweights as a management strategy that mitigates the impact of the deficiencies is verified and finally, it is confirmed that the answers in the evaluation to the students are contradictory before an observable reality, favoring their analysis in subsequent investigations.


Dehydration among elderly people is both a widespread and health threatening problem which requires continuous monitoring of beverage intake. In this contribution a concept for a system for automatic detection of filling levels based on radio frequency identification (RFID) is presented. It consists of passive sensor cups including a resistive sensor system and an RFID transponder as well as an RFID reader with an interface for analyzing gathered data on a PC. This concept is evaluated using a prototype in respect to range and accuracy of single and connected measurements. It is demonstrated that RFID based monitoring of drinking behavior is possible and achieves results comparable to the state of the art independently of beverages.


The study deals with the types of maxim violation in Indonesian Lawak Klub (ILK) done by the main speakers. The objectives of study were to describe the violation of maxim, to describe the dominant type of maxim violating and the reason of violating maxim. The data were the dialogue of main speakers in Indonesian Lawak Club (ILK). This research was conducted using descriptive qualitative and focused on one episode of cara cepat menjadi kaya. The findings showed that there are 70 violating of maxim of quantity, 71 violating of maxim of quality, 144 vioalating of maxim of relevance, and 27 violating of maxim of manner.  The reasons of the dominant violating of maxim of relevance are to widen discussion related to the topic and make interactive and atractive discussion.


Future Very High Energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma-ray detection facilities (e.g. the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA)) will allow us to investigate the VHE regime behaviour of extragalactic objects such as blazars and its subclasses, BL Lac Objects and Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs). As such, this future ground-based facility will cast light upon an energy range beyond that of the Large Area Telescope (LAT) aboard the Fermi spacecraft, and also upon FSRQs, since current ground-based telescopes have mostly detected BL Lac objects. Given the existing data from the Fermi-LAT for a set of FSRQs, the present work is aimed at predicting not only the chances of detecting the sources in VHE gamma rays by considering their spectral shape, but also the existence of spectral cut-offs induced by pair-production with the Extragalactic Background Light (EBL). Data and results for the objects considered are presented, along with some conclusions.


Automatic text summarization aims at producing summary from a document or a set of documents. It has become a widely explored area of research as the need for immediate access to relevant and precise information that can effectively represent huge amount of information. Because relevant information is scattered across a given document, every user is faced with the problem of going through a large amount of information to get to the main gist of a text. This calls for the need to be able to view a smaller portion of large documents without necessarily losing the important aspect of the information contained therein. This paper provides an overview of current technologies, techniques and challenges in automatic text summarization. Consequently, we discuss our efforts at providing an efficient model for compact and concise documents summarization using sentence scoring algorithm and a sentence reduction algorithm. Based on comparison with the wellknown Copernic summarizer and the FreeSummarizer, our system showed that the summarized sentences contain more relevant information such that selected sentences are relevant to the query posed by the user CS Concepts • Computing methodologies ➝Artificial intelligence ➝Natural language processing ➝Information extraction • Information Systems ➝Information Retrieval ➝Retrieval tasks and goals ➝Summarization


Since the very initial industrial activities along the past, industrial revolution, and until the contemporary technology level, the industrial objectives and resources roughly have being the same. The industry creates products to serve society, earning wherewithal and by using technological resources like, drawings, procedures, planning, machines, labor, tools, materials etc…. The drawing indeed is one of the most important creations of the mankind, and along the years, mainly since the industrial revolution, has become more and more important into this technological environment. Drawings per si; prescripts the technology of the company, mainly for being considered, along decades, the document which synthesize the company's identity. This paper aims to describe historically, empirically and uniquely by the author´s views, the impact on the drawing with the more intense application of new technologies. Understanding technology as the application of new intellectual tools, machines, methods and methodologies, (3D modeling, FMEA, DFSS, Six Sigma, etc…) associated with the industry, academies and producer.


This paper describes a detailed study of vertical flow of wastewater in two bioremediation options. The anaerobic and aerobic biofilters were studied based on reduction in physio-chemical parameters of wastewater obtained in Port Harcourt. Results reveal that the treatment options improve the percentage reduction in wastewater quality from 30-50% for anaerobic and 50-99.9% for aerobic biofilters. The microbial growth rate follows the exponential phase for all treatment options that involve anaerobic and aerobic biofilters. The physiochemical parameters considered are pH, temperature, nitrate, phosphate, and turbidity, Suspended Solids (SS), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). The research was conducted from March to April, 2009 within a period of 61 days as shown in the paper. Hydraulic retention time was maintained at 12hours in both anaerobic and aerobic biofilter system. The flow diagram design was developed to achieve reduction in some physiochemical parameters for all cases of biofilter system. The outcome of this work can be used to improve the wastewater discharge into the environment by reducing further environmental degradation. Application of the flow diagram design wastewater treatment shows that the biofilter approach is conditionally stable. The biofilter system can be used to improve wastewater quality in both confined and unconfined flow and transport problems. Introduction In the future environmental legislation will require that wastewater generated from offices and industries be subjected to treatment before discharging into the environment. Wastewater used during this investigation came from the Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt located in Niger Delta area of Nigeria. The existing treatment mechanisms for this wastewater consist of coagulation-flocculation to removal suspended solids and fluorides, an alkaline stripping for ammonium removal, ozonation for cyanide and COD decrease and an acid stripping for H2S and HCN removal. The oxidizing properties of ozone can reduce the concentration of iron manganese, sulphur and reduce or eliminate taste and odor problems in wastewater. Moreover, many organic particles and chemicals can be


RoboCup is an international initiative for promoting science and technology mainly through the development of soccer robot. In this paper, we describe in depth, a case of new university in Japan, which is specifically designed to use the robot development process for RoboCup as a central scheme of education. In this university, The Future University-Hakodate, the major part of classes are organized to use RoboCup for four year undergraduate education. In addition, an entire campus is designed to maximize efficacy of RoboCup competition and daily education using RoboCup. Perhaps, this is the first university designed with robot as the central scheme of education.