We are interested in the question of how jealousy influences the dynamics of populations. In a previous paper, we investigated the impact of power and jealousy on cooperation. By using intelligent agents, a stochastic updating process has been used, so that artificial agent populations could be modelled. In this paper, we investigate update procedures based on deterministic dynamics for populations arranged in a lattice. Compared to stochastic processes, our findings show that populations behave and react far more dynamically, in certain parameter regions, when spatial cooperation is applied.


We report an unusual case of a sigmoid colon perforation after ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. Distal catheters are known to cause perforation in the setting of colonoscopy. The exact pathogenesis of this complication is not clear, but it can cause serious complications. Hence, patients require prompt and aggressive management, including laparotomy with bowel wall repair, catheter removal, and antibiotic therapy.


Paclitaxel (PTX) is one of the most potent intravenous chemotherapeutic agents to date, yet an oral formulation has been problematic because of its low solubility and permeability. Using the recently discovered solubilizing properties of rubusoside (RUB), we investigated the unique PTX–RUB formulation. PTX was solubilized by RUB in water to levels of 1.6–6.3 mg/ml at 10–40% weight/volume. These nanomicellar PTX–RUB complexes were dried to a powder, which was subsequently reconstituted in physiologic solutions. After 2.5 h, 85–99% of PTX–RUB remained soluble in gastric fluid, whereas 79–96% remained soluble in intestinal fluid. The solubilization of PTX was mechanized by the formation of water-soluble spherical nanomicelles between PTX and RUB, with an average diameter of 6.6 nm. Compared with Taxol, PTX–RUB nanoparticles were nearly four times more permeable in Caco-2 cell monocultures. In a side-by-side comparison with dimethyl sulfoxide-solubilized PTX, PTX–RUB maintained the same level of cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 4 to 20 nmol/l. In addition, tubule formation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells were inhibited at levels as low as 5 nmol/l. These chemical and biological properties demonstrated by the PTX–RUB nanoparticles may improve oral bioavailability and enable further pharmacokinetic, toxicologic, and efficacy investigations.


Domestic waste is mainly treated by sanitary landfill. Leachate will be produced during sanitary landfill. The main characteristics of landfill leachate are high concentration of COD and BOD, high ammonia nitrogen content, high levels of refractory organics, heavy metal ions, unstable water quality and so on. With the increasing difficulty of leachate treatment, traditional manual or semi-automatic treatment methods can not meet the requirements. In order to ensure the water quality, the requirement of the leachate treatment to automation is increasing. According to the actual operation of sewage treatment plant, a set of treatment processes has been worked out. According to the characteristics and control requirements of landfill leachate processing technology, a landfill leachate processing control system is designed, which is controlled by PLC automatic control, realtime monitoring of Kingview and communication network to realize data exchange. Due to the wide range of leachate water quality changes, the traditional PID control method has poor control precision and the parameters are difficult to adjust online. Therefore, a PID control method based on adaptive control strategy has been proposed and designed. By using the nonlinear mapping ability and learning ability of neural network, the PID parameters can be adjusted online, and the final effluent quality can meet the discharge standard.


Hanzhi recorded fifteen schools of novels,which were mainly about the stories of people or anecdotes relating to the Taoist school. Yiyinshuo was transmitted from the Qin-Han periods,and was still reserved in the late East-Han period.But after Wei-Jin periods,it was lost.Yuzishuo was a different book from Tao's Yuzi.The present Yuzi noted by Jiang Xinggui is the remnants of the Tao's Yuzi,written before the Qin-Han periods.While the book Yuzishuo was produced in West-Haw period when the Taoism was very popular,and was lost in the Six Dynasties.


Introductio: In order to stimulate memory and promote brain plasticity, interventions have been proposed, and among the most elected are the cognitive memory activities. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the method developed for cognitive stimulation group activities for seniors. METHODS: This is a qualitative study of the type described, he was elected as a data collection technique of participant observation and the field diary. The study subjects were elderly participants extension project: Cognitive Memory Workshops, Treatment Adherence and Technological Innovation: actions to promote health in old age. The scene takes place on the premises of the Federal Fluminense University Advanced Space - UFFESPA, is located on the campus of Gragoata - UFF, in Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro. RESULTS: Cognitive stimulation workshops are previously planned by the characteristics investigated in the functional evaluation of the selected group of seniors. The intent of the workshop was to encourage the less preserved cognitive areas. Addressing a certain area or more cognitive specifically detailed and further developed in these groups and individually. The activities are structured into different memory groups: healthy elderly subjects (MMSE score higher than indicated in accordance with their schooling); seniors over 80 years; elderly people with low education; and seniors with index on the Geriatric Depression Scale above or equal to four points. The workshops apply two activities with different cognitive objectives, which are to maintain or improve observation skills, attention, concentration, perception and learning. The types of memory more worked were: sensory memory, short and long term, semantic and procedural. Included in the program activities for verbal comprehension of command, planning, visual memory, visual-spatial skills, motor planning and execution, numeracy and abstract thinking. CONCLUSION: The description of the organization and structure of cognitive stimulation workshops are poorly described in the literature, especially as the focus of nursing interventions therefore recommended adoption of clinical criteria for selection and organization of the elderly with clear therapeutic goals and achievable, and follow-up evaluations to monitor the benefits of intervention


Experiments were designed initially to investigate the possibility of a gastrointestinal involvement in the postprandial increase in calcitonin (CT) secretion. In this study, adult male rats were fed for a minimum of 5 weeks Purina rodent laboratory chow, the Harvard low calcium diet (HLCD), or the HLCD with added CaCO3. The rats had access to food only between 1730‐0830 h (dark period, 1800–0600 h). Serum levels of CT increased between 1 h before and 2 h after the beginning of the regular feeding time in all groups, even in rats deprived of food. The results showed that neither calcium nor food was essential for the rise in CT levels at the usual feeding time. Other experiments also showed that feeding did not increase CT secretion. For example, when fasted male rats were fed between 1030–1130 h (during the light period) commercial diets or the HLCD with or without added CaCCO3, no increase in serum CT occurred even in rats showing increases in serum gastrin. However the administration of CaCl2 by gavage...


Restoring protective colonic microbiota in patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile infection can be done just as well with transplanted frozen and then defrosted faecal matter as with fresh stools, a study published in JAMA has shown.1 Using frozen faecal microbiota transplantation would remove many of the logistical burdens that clinicians face when preparing fresh material.

Since the emergence of hypervirulent strains in the early 2000s, …


210 Background: Quality radiation therapy completion (QRTC) is critical to quality breast conserving treatment (BCT). Our aim was to identify predictors of QRTC after BCT in an urban setting.

METHODS
Hospital Tumor Registry Data was collected for female BCT patients Stage I and II. Radiation therapy completion (RTC) was defined as 35 days or more of breast radiation. QRTC was defined as RTC of 35-49 days. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS.

RESULTS
346 patients were analyzed. Demographic data: Ethnicity: Black n=230 (66.5%), White n=63 (18.2%), Hispanic n=53 (15.3%); Age: < 50 years n=74 (21.4%), 50 - 64 years n=152 (43.9%), > 64 years n=120 (34.7%); Insurance: Medicare n=131 (37.9%), Private n=94 (27.2%), Medicaid n=121 (35.0%). Hispanics (60.4%) were more likely to have Medicaid versus blacks (33%) and whites (20.6%), p<0.001. Majority (52%) of patients live within 3 miles of treatment. More blacks (66.5%) live <3.0 miles than whites (7.9%) or Hispanics (41.5%), p<0.001. There was no significant difference in mean days of RTC by ethnicity (black 46.8, white 46.4, and Hispanic 48.1 days; p=0.75) or total RTC % (black 88.2%, white 97.9%, Hispanic 93.3%; p=0.09). However, a substantial difference was seen in QRTC % by ethnicity (black 51.8%, white 79.2%, Hispanic 57.8%; p=0.03) Multivariate logistic regression of failure to achieve QRTC found associations with black race (OR=2.67), Medicare (OR= 3.46), Medicaid (OR=2.19), and age <50 years (OR=4.13).

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates high overall % RTC; however, it identifies significant disparities in successful QRTC. Those at greatest risk of unsuccessful QRTC were younger, Medicare or Medicaid insured, and black ethnicity. Distance was not a significant factor in this urban population. Further studies should investigate the specific barriers that may contribute to disparities in QRCT among those at risk groups. [Table: see text].


In recent years, a great deal of cognitive science research has focused on principles of learning that can be used to enhance education. And yet these principles have rarely been tested in real-world educational settings. For example, asking students to retrieve answers from memory enhances learning in laboratories—but what happens when a student fails to answer, or makes an error, or gets distracted? Can feedback compensate for such errors? We implemented a computer-based study program to help children learn, and in doing so assessed three cognitive principles: Does retrieving answers help? Do errors hurt, if they are corrected? And what is the effect of feedback? We found that retrieval helped, though less robustly than we expected; making errors, if they were corrected, caused no measurable harm; and feedback was unconditionally beneficial.


This paper proposes a novel motion search algorithm.This algorithm sorts the video and search pattern by motion feature respectively,and codes the video with corresponding search pattern adaptively.In order to accelerate the coding speed,it accepts hierarchical search strategy and the early termination strategy in the algorithm.Experimental results show that the execute time of the algorithm is less than full search algorithm with similar visual quality and bit rate.The method can be applied to various video sequences with different motion feature and is superior to conditional search algorithm,such as NTSS,DS and HEXS in both encoding speed and encoding quality.


Unwilling to rely on fossil fuels to provide 25 GW of new electricity generating capacity over the next 15 years, the Ontario government is making nuclear power a centrepiece of its energy-supply future and establishing a lightning rod for critics.


In studies of babies at high risk for SIDS (near-SIDS and siblings), we have identified among some who died excess periodic breathing (PB) excess variability (var) of respiratory frequency (f) and increased oscillation of heart rate (HR), at 4-7 cycles per min., (low frequency peak-LFP). The present study was planned to test the hypothesis that in an unselected prospectively studied population, these same variables might discriminate SIDS from controls. From 6914 term infants, we selected 24 hour pneumograms performed at 6 weeks on 11 SIDS and 101 random controls. One SIDS had one near-SIDS spell. Casettes were coded for blind analysis. From data recorded between 12MN and 6AM we transcribed ECG and respiratory signals onto hard copy for visual inspection and we transferred these signals during all 5 min epochs of quiet breathing (Q) onto FM tape for spectral analysis. We inspected hard copies for PB and apnea ⩾10s. Spectral analysis identified f and var, HR and var and power at f (resp. sinus arrhythmia) and at the LFP. We rank ordered results to test hypothesis 1) that PB and 2) that abnormal spectral var were markers for SIDS. We performed cluster analysis on each data set The code was then broken; neither hypothesis was correct. These results neither support nor negate the apnea hypothesis of SIDS.


The definitions of the traditional instruction approaches and the modern ones are relatively given. They can be differentiated from the chronological perspective and from their characteristics. Some characteristics of the two approaches contradict with each other. However, the modern ones have integrated the traditional ones in the sense of structure and function. They have also integrated the approaches of John Dewey, the achievements of the modern psychology and instructional technology. Overall, the modern ones have surpassed the traditional ones.


Abstract. Art–science partnerships offer valuable opportunities to enhance
inclusive engagement with research through collaborative creative practice.
Here, we present two case studies of interdisciplinary approaches to
contextualising environmental science for wider audiences. We synthesise
lessons learnt from these case studies and associated stakeholders to
provide advice for conducting successful art–science collaborations that
help to broaden interactions with environmental geoscience research.


Due to the limitation of the hole injection, p-type doping is essential to improve the performance of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In this work, we propose and show a depletion-region Mg-doping method. Here we systematically analyze the effectiveness of different Mg-doping profiles ranging from the electron blocking layer to the active region. Numerical computations show that the Mg-doping decreases the valence band barrier for holes and thus enhances the hole transportation. The proposed depletion-region Mg-doping approach also increases the barrier height for electrons, which leads to a reduced electron overflow, while increasing the hole concentration in the p-GaN layer. Experimentally measured external quantum efficiency indicates that Mg-doping position is vitally important. The doping in or adjacent to the quantum well degrades the LED performance due to Mg diffusion, increasing the corresponding nonradiative recombination, which is well supported by the measured car...


I was really excited to see Michelle in my follow-up clinic. She had driven more than 4 hours to come to see me. We talked about her two boys. When she was diagnosed with breast cancer 14 years back, they were 8 and 11. We compared stories about my two teenage boys, who were 1 year and 4 years when I met her. She was my frst patient when I started out as an oncologist. We had practically "grown up" together. She was only 33 years old then, and was a successful computer professional. She was busy building her career and family. Breast cancer was not on her agenda. But when she was diagnosed with a stage III ER/PR-positive, HER2-positive breast cancer, she did not ask "why me?". She approached her diagnosis as she did with any other challenge she faced. She collected as much information as she could about her diagnosis and reviewed the diferent treatment options with me. After hours of discussion, she enrolled in the NSABP B-31 clinical trial. Back then, we did not know about the role of HER2 or HER2-targeted drugs in adjuvant breast cancer. She was randomized to the control arm. When the results of the study came out, like thousands of other patients on the control arm, she received trastuzumab, the study drug. She is doing very well. Michelle was one of the 1,024 women who were assigned to the control arm. In all, there 3,676 mothers, sisters, and daughters enrolled in the study. NSABP B-31 and other studies include similar fascinating stories of survival, hope, disappointments, and frustrations. Over the last 50 years, many incredible men and women who have been diagnosed with cancer have agreed to go the extra mile to help someone else, and possibly themselves, by enrolling in a clinical trial. But in the United States, fewer than 5% of adult patients enroll in a clinical trial, and about 30% of national trials funded by the National Cancer Institute are closed because of insufcient accrual. As an academic oncologist, I have sat through many meetings about clinical trial accrual. We have created new tools, technology, brochures, and even pins for physicians and nurses to wear to promote clinical trials. Yet I remain convinced that when there is appropriate clinical trial infrastructure, there is only one person, who can increase the clinical trial accrual, and that is the treating oncologist. Not the research nurse, not the patient, but the treating oncologist. Patients, it seems, are open to joining a clinical trial, but doctors have perhaps not readily followed up on that willingness. In a poll conducted by Research America in 2010, more than 70% of the patients who were polled said they would likely or somewhat likely consider participating in a clinical trial, but only 6% of respondents said that their doctors had ever suggested they join a clinical trial. Tree years later, those numbers had barely shifted: in a poll of diferent patients, 72% of respondents said they would likely or somewhat likely consider participating in a trial, and just 8% said their doctors had suggested they do so. Tose fndings seem to be consistent across many studies that have shown that physicians play a key role in accrual. Well-designed clinical trials are the gold standard of cancer treatment. As oncologists, if we don't recommend clinical trials, we are accepting the status quo. From my personal experience, after reviewing the pros and cons of standard treatment versus trial treatment, if I recommend a clinical trial for a patient, there is a more than 80% chance that she will consider the trial. Tis is consistent with published literature, as Minasian and O'Mara have noted. Patients listen to us about trials because they trust us. It is up to us build that trust and ensure that we have the right trial for the right patient. Open the trials you believe in and encourage your patients to be part of the gold standard of cancer treatment. Once you build the clinical trial infrastructure, there is only one person who can increase the accrual – you, the doctor. From the Editor


The high affinity Fcγreceptor FcγRI, consists of a ligand binding α chain and an associated γ chain subunit. Signaling by FcγRI is thought to be mediated through the cytoplasmic domain (CYT) of the γ chain which contains the ITAM sequence essential for many Ig receptor signaling events. For example, we have demonstrated that the γ chain is required for FcγRI mediated phagocytosis. The FcγRI α chain CYT lacks known signaling motifs and consists of 64 amino acids whose function has not yet been defined. Evidence is beginning to accumulate, however, for the participation of the FcγRIα CYT in FcγRI mediated signaling events. For example, we previously demonstrated that the FcγRIα CYT contributes to modulation of FcγRI mediated cytokine release (eg IL-6) and calcium flux. We have now observed that in the absence of γchain expression, FcγRIα efficiently induces the internalization of aggregated IgG complexes in transfected COS-1 cells. Taken together, the data suggest that the FcγRIα CYT contributes to signaling by FcγRI. We, therefore, utilized yeast two-hybrid screening to identify effector molecules that bind to the FcγRIα CYT. Of especial interest among the identified binding molecules is β arrestin-2, recently defined as an adaptor molecule linking receptors such as the LDL and type III TGF-β receptors to the endocytic pathway. Also of interest is Snapin, an adaptor molecule involved in membrane trafficking. These studies should help to define sequences in the cytoplasmic domain of FcγRIα that mediate and/or modulate important FcγR functions.


The distribution of fat in different areas of the body is important since accumulation of fat within the abdominal cavity represents a much more severe cardiovascular risk than accumulation in subcutaneous adipose tissues. Apricot seeds contain a wide variety of bioactive compounds and that consumption can decrease blood pressure and total blood cholesterol levels, fight oxidative stress and maintain body weight. The aim of the study was to analyse body composition: body fat mass (BFM), fat free mass (FFM), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), body fat percentage (%BFM), visceral fat area (VFA), total body water (TBW) - intracellular water (ICW) and extracellular water (ECW) and to evaluate the changes that occur after 6-weeks consumption of bitter apricot seeds. The study group finally consisted of 34 healthy adults volunteers (21 females and 13 males). Volunteers were recruited from the general population of Slovakia. Respondents were 23 - 65 years old, where the average age of women was 40.65 ±11.31 years and the average age of men was 36.91 ±9.98 years. All participants were asked to consume 60 mg.kg -1 of body weight of bitter apricot seeds daily during 6 weeks. Body composition was diagnosed by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MFBIA) by InBody 720 (Biospace Co., Korea), which measures the total impedance at frequencies of 1, 5, 50, 100, 500, 1000 kHz. At baseline mean body weight was 85.78 ±14.66 and 62.84 ±12.19 kg in the male and female participants, respectively. After 6 weeks of consumation we observed non-significant decreasing of mean body weight. The mean BFM was 19.25 ±8.81 kg in the male group and 19.47 ±7.21 kg in the female group. After six weeks, BFM decreased non-significantly (on average 0.5 kg) in both groups. The mean FFM at baseline was 43.37 ±5.98 and 66.54 ±7.98 kg in the female and male participants, respectively. The statistical analysis confirmed that the increase of FFM (43.37 ±5.98 kg to 43.56 ±5.80 kg) in the female were statistically significant ( p <0.05). VFA was greater in the men (82.04 ±39.82 cm 2 at baseline and 78.65 ±39.79 cm 2 after 6 weeks) comparison to women (79.82 ±29.03 cm 2 at baseline and 78.29 ±29.90 cm 2 after 6 weeks). The mean of TBW in males before the start of study was 48.78 ±5.77 kg and 47.88 ±5.57 kg after 6 weeks of consumption. The results of study show the small weight loss in the both group. Therefore, the results from this study indicate that daily consumption of bitter apricot seeds produce measurable health benefits, but further studies are also required.


Weak lensing (WL) is the most direct probe of the mass distribution in the Universe. It has been applied successfully on many different scales, from galaxy halos to large-scale structure. These measurements in turn allow us to constrain models of dark matter, dark energy, and cosmology. The primary limitation to date has been statistical: Lensing causes a small perturbation to the initially random orientations of background galaxies, so large numbers of background galaxies are required for high signal-to-noise ratio measurements. The LSST survey, encompassing billions of galaxies, will dramatically improve the statistical power of weak lensing observations. At large scales, cosmic variance is the limiting factor, and the extremely wide footprint of the LSST survey will bring this limit down as well. At the same time, the greatly increased statistical power means that systematic errors must be carefully examined and controlled.


than the anesthesia administration system is presenting to the scavenging system. The reservoir bag will collapse, generating negative pressure. The negative-pressure relief valve prevents signifi- cant negative pressure from being transmitted to the patient's lungs. perforation was repaired, and the patient was taken to the intensive care unit. She was extubated 12 h later and had hemodialysis every 24 h for the next 3 days to remove fluid. Her recovery was otherwise uneventful. ventilation was achieved immediately. Sp O 2 returned to normal rapidly, and the total duration of Sp O 2 less than 90% was less than 2 min. The patient resumed spontaneous ventilation immediately. Approximately 3 min thereafter, sevoflurane administration was discontinued again. Within 2 min, an essentially identical occurrence of tonic–clonic activity ensued. Midazolam, 1 mg, and propofol, 30 mg, were administered, and the apparent seizure activity abated promptly. Mask ventilation with oxygen was reinsti-tuted, and spontaneous ventilation again resumed quickly. Diazepam, 5 mg, was administered. During the next 10 min, the patient awakened but was disoriented. Neurologic consultation was obtained, and diphenylhydantoin was administered. Serum toxicology screening yielded negative results for stimulant-type drugs. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans showed a lesion in the left posterior cortex that was suspicious for ganglioneuroma (a benign tumor of mixed neuronal and glial origin). Encephalomalacia, secondary to trauma and cysticercosis, were offered as less likely diagnostic possibilities. There was no evidence of micrometastases. No further seizure activity was observed, and the patient's sensorium returned to normal within 4 h. The patient later reported that he had experienced blunt trauma to the head approximately 2 yr previously. The radiologist's opinion was that a traumatic lesion dating from that time would have been associated with more atrophy than was evident from the scans. Electroencepha- lography 24 h later was interpreted as normal during wakefulness, during sleep, and after hyperventilation. The testicular mass was reported subsequently to be a malignant germ cell tumor. of 500 ml glucose, 10%, in water containing 20 U insulin was started. Five min later, VT at a rate of 150 beats/min occurred, and systolic blood pressure decreased to less than 50 mmHg. Lidocaine, 90 mg, was administered, followed by continuous infusion at 2 mg/min, and 10 ml calcium gluconate, 8.4%, and 5 U insulin with 20 ml glucose, 50%, were administered, which restored VT to sinus rhythm at a rate of 60 beats/min. Systolic blood pressure increased to 115 mmHg. At the time, electrocardiography and echocardiography showed no evidence of an acute myocardial ischemic event. Twenty min later, plasma potassium concentration was 6.3 m M . The width of the QRS complex gradually normalized. Surgery was completed without further incident. At the end of surgery, sodium and potassium concentrations were 136 m M and 5.0 m M , respectively. During the 230-min procedure, blood loss was estimated to be 100 ml, and 2,000 ml normal saline was infused. No potassium-containing solutions were administered. Urine output was 1,200 ml, and the color of the urine was clear and amber. Urinary potassium excretion was 60 mmol during surgery. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course. The next day, plasma potassium concentration was 4.9 m M and 12-lead electrocardiography showed no changes compared with preoperative electrocardiography. The patient was discharged on the eighteenth postoperative day, and there were no sequelae.


The present invention provides a tooling utilizing a punch so that the transistor forming the fins, the fin forming tooling transistor of the present invention, the tooling used in conjunction with a press machine, so that the transistor and the heat sink through the U-shaped clamping clip the tooling includes a base, the base has a socket, the socket base via a slide rail, provided on the front side socket handle longitudinal adjustment of the position of the receptacle, the receptacle has a step above the pin inserted transistor and fins pin insertion hole, through the transistor and heat sink pin jack plug in the socket, the socket is provided behind the small slider, the slider is provided with a small lifting platform, the lifting platform is provided with the front end of the leaf spring, lifts side surfaces connected to the control arm at adjusting the lifting platform moves, both ends of the socket is provided with a large slider, the slider is provided with a large lower mold, the upper ends fixedly connected to the lower die punch station, a punching station of the press punch head.


A cooling mechanism for power semiconductors com prises a metallic evaporator (1) filled with a heat-carry ing fluid and designed to be brought into close contact with one face of a semiconductor (2); at least one con denser constituted by a tube (5) whose inner wall bears a capillary structure, and which is closed at one end and extended at the other end by a conduit (7) of insulating material; and an envelope (8) enclosing the tube (5) and attached at the upper part of the conduit (7) so as to create a chamber (11) for the circulation of a cooling fluid, with the conduit (7) being connected to the evap orator (1) by an elastic piece (14). The pressure inside the assembly constituted by the evaporator (1), the condenser(s) (5) and the conduit (7) is lower than atmo spheric pressure, and cooling is effected by an evapora tion-condensation cycle.


Existing methodological bases concerning criteria of estimation of economic efficiency of forest recreation and taking measures concerning forest have been considered as well as methodic principles of estimation of efficiency of implementing different alternatives off organizational and technical programs on improving forest production have been generalized.


The present invention proposes a lanolin substitute which can absorb at least water to twice its weight, the aqueous solution or suspension. The alternative has a water holding capacity in excess of lanolin, time stable, to form a true emulsion. It also has lanolin known relaxation, also moisturizing and occlusive. This alternative may be used in the current and all future uses of lanolin: cosmetics, dermatology, and industrial applications (waxes, lubricants, etc.) and the like. The alternative is preferably without catalyst, in the absence of oxygen atmosphere, unsaturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid esters, unsaturated hydrocarbons or unsaturated derivatives thereof such as glycerol, generates or has a hydroxyl group obtained by semi-synthesis from a mixture of compounds. By conventional heat treatment or preferably dielectric heating.


The anodic polarization curves of major compositions in Yunnan Yunyang gold concentrate on graphite anode are measured and the anodic oxidation mechanism of the concentrate under the condition of slurry electrolysis is described The results show that the anodic oxidation of chalcopyrite, pyrite and elemental sulfur can not be conducted essentially on the condition of Yunnan Yunyang gold concentrate slurry electrolysis However H 2S produced in slurry electrolysis process can be oxidized quickly at graphite anode or by Fe 3+ or Cu 2+ in solution


• Benefits from the largest housing tax break, the deduction for mortgage interest, differ across metropolitan areas and among income groups within metropolitan areas. We find the mortgage interest deduction overwhelmingly benefits taxpayers earning more than $100,000 per year across all metropolitan areas in our sample. We also find that major metropolitan areas on the East and West coasts get the most tax relief from the mortgage interest deduction.


Abstract Teacher participation in school based decisions which fall within their zone of acceptance leads to teacher-empowerment, autonomy and accountability. When teachers are involved in the decision-making faculties which fall within their zone of expertise, experience and interest, they will be motivated to carry out the tasks and will have a greater ownership of the school. The study investigated if teachers were involved in decisions which fall within their zones of acceptance. The study adopted a qualitative/interpretive research methodology and used the case study research design as the operational framework for data gathering. Data was collected through interviews, documentary analysis and observation of two staff meetings per school from 5 secondary schools in Zimbabwe. The population sample comprised 5 secondary school heads and 25 secondary school teachers. The results of the study indicated that teachers were active in the process in certain issues while heads made unilateral decisions in critical issues.


Although it has been known for several years that mammalian cells cultured in vitro are able to repair sublethal damage from ionizing radiations (1), only a few attempts have been made to examine the capacity of these cells to repair damage which is potentially lethal—that is, damage which ordinarily causes cell death, but whose expression can be prevented by appropriate postirradiation treatment. In contrast, numerous studies have been concerned with modifications of the survival of irradiated microorganisms by various postirradiation treatments, such as incubation at suboptimal temperatures (2–4) or in minimal medium (3, 4), or treatment with inhibitors of protein synthesis (5, 6). These have led to the conclusion that postirradiation repair processes occur in microorganisms. The few studies carried out with cultured mammalian cells suggest that similar repair processes may also occur in these cells. Thus, it has been observed that incubation at low temperature can cause either an increase (7, 8) or a decrease (9, 10) in cell survival, although there may be no effect except a delay in the repair of sublethal damage (11). Similarly, supplementation of the culture medium with a number of complex substances has been reported to enhance cell survival following exposure to ionizing radiation (12– 18). Finally, postirradiation treatment of cells with inhibitors of RNA, DNA, or protein synthesis has been found, in some instances, to alter cell survival (8, 19, 20). While studying cyclical fluctuations in radiation sensitivity with the synchronous HeLa S3 system, it was observed that postirradiation treatment of cells with several agents caused significant alteration in cell survival. The results of an investigation of these phenomena are presented here. The findings suggest that after irradiation many cells contain damage which, if unrepaired, will cause cell death—that is, irradiated cells are able to repair potentially lethal damage— and that appropriate postirradiation treatment can lead to either an increase or a decrease in the cells' capacity to repair this damage. In addition to offering an experimental basis for the concept of potentially lethal damage in Xirradiated mammalian cells, the results also suggest a mechanism which can account for the increase in radiation sensitivity which occurs during G1 in HeLa S3 cells (21, 22).


PURPOSE: To provide a transcutaneous drug delivery system having a single layer form and suitable for the administration of a preparatorily defined controlled amount of a drug to the skin or mucosa of mammal over a long period. CONSTITUTION: This drug delivery system is a patch composed of a single substance of an elastomer matrix having prescribed thickness and area and containing an active drug component and a diffusion accelerator uniformly dispersed over the whole area. The active drug component is preferably an adrenomimetic agent (especially albuterol) or a selective β2 -adrenomimetic agent and the diffusion accelerator is preferably n-hydrocarbon alcohol, especially n-dodecanol. The elastomer matrix may further contain a plasticizer, a solubilizer and a curing catalyst and is preferably composed of a silicone rubber, glycerol, n-hexanol and an organic tin catalyst. The patch contains e.g. 45-95 wt.% of an elastomer matrix, 2-30 wt.% of albuterol and 3-30 wt.% of n- dodecanol.


The application of a stochastic model updating technique using Monte-Carlo inverse propagation and multivariate multiple regression to converge a set of analytical models with randomised updating parameters upon a set of nominally identical physical structures is considered. The structure in question is a short beam manufactured from two components, one of folded steel and the other flat. The two are connected by two rows of spot welds. The main uncertainty in the model is concerned with the spot weld but there is also considerable manufacturing variability, principally in the radii of the folds. Two main types of spot weld models exist (3-4), namely those that require the stress within the weld spot to be calculated and those that do not. The former require detailed modelling so that a smooth stress field is computed, whereas in the case of the latter the estimation of stiffness and mass distributions is sufficient. When modelling spot welds, it is difficult to take into account the many local effects such as geometrical irregularities, residual stresses, material in-homogeneities and welding defects. Furthermore a detailed and complex local model of the joint characteristics is not possible in industrial applications where typically thousands of spot welds are used to manufacture automotive parts. These conceptual modelling uncertainties are incorporated in an interface finite element (5) which may be used to connect panels at spot-weld locations. The material properties of the element determine the local stiffness in the tangential and normal directions at the surface. The interface element stiffnesses are used together with other parameters to update a structural and statistical model of a short beam manufactured from two components, one of folded steel and the other flat. The other parameters are two elastic moduli of curved regions in the folded plate. Taken all together they become the randomised parameters used in the Monte-Carlo simulation. Inverse propagation is carried out using linear regression and a population of finite element models with spot welds is updated based on measurements from a set of physical test structures.


The objective of this paper is to assess what obstacles are to be faced by the law researcher when using Edmund Husserl's phenomenological method. For such, three aspects related to these issues are exposed, namely: (i) the role phenomenology played in the decline of positivism in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, showing the questions that remained unanswered by positivism and the answers presented, in contrast, by phenomenology; (ii) the contributions of phenomenology to the study of law, particularly regarding issues related to the concept of law and the rule interpretation; (iii) the obstacles arising from the influence of phenomenology and the questions then ensued, which need to be answered for the sake of development of legal science. As a conclusion, the main obstacles to be considered were the phenomenological method's lack of transparency, the absence of verifiability regarding its results and the difficulty in adapting its premises to the mutability of the law as a social phenomenon.


The aim of this research was to investigate diff erent parameters of the in situ synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles on cotton in order to achieve a high ultraviolet protection factor (UPF). In the fi rst part of the research the infl uence of diff erent reducing agents (Na2CO3, KOH, and NaOH) and their molar concentrations (0.1 M and 1 M) on the formation of ZnO nanoparticles and on the UPF values of cotton fabric were studied. The second part of the research was focused on the other parameters of in situ synthesis, such as the synthesis time ratio (time ratio between the treatment of the fabric in the precursor (ZnCl2) and treatment after the reducing agent was added) and drying period duration after the in situ synthesis. Using UV/Vis spectroscopy, high UPF values (UPF 50+) were measured for cotton fabrics where in situ synthesis was performed using NaOH and KOH, both at 1 M molar concentration. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) revealed a higher content of zinc on the fabric when NaOH was used. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that use of this reducing agent resulted in cotton fabric completely covered with small, round shaped nanoparticles. From the second part of the research, it was found that longer treatment times after the reducing agent was added produced functionalised cotton fabric with higher UPF values. The drying period duration after in situ synthesis did not signifi cantly aff ect the UPF value of the fabric, but it did infl uence the morphology of the synthesised nanoparticles. With a longer drying time the nanoparticles were more rounded. The samples had poor wash fastness even after the fi rst wash, which was found through low UPF values.


The dielectric, magnetic, and magnetodielectric properties of Ca2FeAO5+δ (A = Al, Ga) ceramics were investigated together with their crystal structures. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction data indicated that the space group of the Ca2FeAlO5+δ ceramic was Ibm2, whereas that of the Ca2FeGaO5+δ ceramic was Pcmn. Dielectric relaxation above room temperature, originating from the Maxwell–Wagner effect and polaronic hole hopping between Fe3+ and Fe4+ ions, was observed in both ceramics. Weak ferrimagnetic behavior was identified from the magnetic-field-dependent magnetization in these ceramics, which was attributed to the non-cancelled spins of the antiferromagnetic-ordered Fe3+ and Fe4+ ions. An intrinsic, giant, room-temperature magnetodielectric coefficient of up to −23.3% was achieved in the Ca2FeAlO5+δ ceramic at 50 MHz, which was attributed to the suppression of charge fluctuations of Fe3+ and Fe4+ ions in the magnetic field.


Baseball fans attending a four-game home stand of a "newer" team were surveyed. The study focused on four fundamental objectives: 1) identification of the extent of brand loyalty exhibited by fans to the team of interest; 2) determination of the extent to which more loyal team fans behave differently or express different attitudes compared to less loyal fans; 3) examination of whether more loyal team fans are demographically similar or different from less loyal fans, and 4) examination of whether more loyal fans exhibit different levels of product knowledge and/or competitiveness than less loyal fans. Results showed that a majority of fans surveyed considered themselves to be loyal or die-hard fans of the team, that differences in fan loyalty corresponded to differences in fan behaviors and attitudes, and that demographic differences existed between loyal/less loyal fans. Managerial implications and avenues for future research are presented.


We report a significant off-state current reduction by an order of magnitude in the NbO2-based selector devices by inserting an ultrathin TiO2 (∼2 nm) tunneling barrier. Moreover, the ultrathin TiO2 layer improves the reliability and uniformity of voltage-induced insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) in the NbO2 selector devices by thermodynamically suppressing the formation of a surface Nb2O5 layer. Our study suggests that the suitable combination of tunneling barrier and IMT materials can minimize the "off" current of IMT selector devices and improve their applicability in high-density three dimensional cross point array memory devices.


This paper proposes an adaptive soft start-up strategy for sensorless control of three-phase BLDC motors in applications to consumer electronics and high efficiency cooling fans. The proposed start-up control scheme combines a closed-loop I/Hz control with adaptive ramping current profile in accordance to different load torque-speed characteristic. The proposed start-up scheme can reduce the start-up current while at the same time provides a robust and smooth start-up for different applications. A synchronous current sampling control scheme based on the dc-link current is developed for the regulation of motor phase current. A start-up current limit profile is calculated based on assumed load torque-speed characteristics. The controller will switch to sensorless control mode once a verified sensorless commutation signal is detected. Simulation and experimental results have been given to show the robustness of the proposed sensorless start-up control scheme.


Contract production, which has many advantages, is one of the methods of vertical coordination in the market to solve marketing problem and provide necessary inputs for small scale producers in agricultural sector. But it has some problem because of features of producers like dependency to authority and primary groups and market structure.


In the Robot Laboratory of Mechatronics Department during practical classes of robot programming, the participants observed that the KUKA KR5 Arc robot arm's practicing tool does not accurately follow the programmed path in every case. In accordance to Lean approaches, the observations of the participants were taken into consideration and the possible sources of error were identified. One of them is the robot arm itself, which is responsible for the execution of the programmed movements. The goal of this research is to develop a system which makes it possible to exclude the robot arm as a potential source of error from the error analysis. For this purpose, a monitoring system was developed which supports the Lean production by implementing one of the main pillars of the Toyota Production System. Jidoka is one of the main pillars, which means that the production process is automatically stopped if an error condition arises. The method was first implemented by Sakichi Toyoda in 1896, who developed a simple device for automatic looms, which stopped the machine if the thread broke. Using this principle, the autonomation – automation with human touch – of the robot arm is achieved.


O b j e c t i v e : To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of meloxicam 7.5mg versus diclofenac 100mg slow release (SR) in the Korean patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. as well as the physician ' s and patient ' s global assessment at the end of treatment. Evaluations for clinical safety were performed using the incidence of adverse events, physical examinations, laboratory finding and total ingestion of antacid during the treatment. R e s u l t s : After 8 weeks of therapy, both groups had significant improvement in 100mm VAS and Lequesne index than baseline although the difference between two groups did not reach statistical significance. The physician ' s and p a t i e n t 's global assessment were similar in two groups. The incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events was significantly lower in meloxicam group (24.4%) than diclofenac group (50.0%)(p<0.05). C o n c l u s i o n : Meloxicam 7.5mg is comparable to diclofenac 100mg SR in the treatment of Korean patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Furthermore meloxicam 7.5mg was well tolerated for 8 weeks and has safe advantage of a significantly lower incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events.


Received May 19, 2011; accepted February 6, 2012. From the University Clinic Wuerzburg, Department of Internal Medicine I and the Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Wuerzburg, Germany (U.H., J.W., A.P., G.E., S.F.); University of Wuerzburg, Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, Wuerzburg, Germany (N.B., T.K.); and Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Department of Cardiology, Hannover, Germany (J.B.). *Drs Hofmann, Beyersdorf, Kerkau, and Frantz contributed equally to this work. The online-only Data Supplement is available with this article at http://circ.ahajournals.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA. 111.044164/-/DC1. Correspondence to Ulrich Hofmann, MD, University of Wuerzburg, University Clinic, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Department of Internal Medicine I, Oberdürrbacherstraße 6, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany. E-mail firstname.lastname@example.com © 2012 American Heart Association, Inc.


The invention relates to a method for operating a control device (20) for autonomous driving of a motor vehicle (10), the driving speed as a by the control device (20) to be set (14) a target speed (16) is specified, and by the control device (20) by means of a detection means (11) slower than the desired speed (16) driving ahead other-vehicle (17) is detected, wherein a difference in speed (19) of a running speed (18) of the third vehicle (17) to the desired speed (16) is greater than zero but less than is a predetermined maximum value (G0). The invention provides that in this case, an accumulator (A) is set to a start value and in several successively conducted test runs (27) each having a current speed value (G) of the speed difference (19) is detected, and (depending on the speed value G ) a benefit value formed (V) and the advantage value (V) to the accumulator (a) is added and if the accumulator value (a) satisfies a predetermined Uberholkriterium (34) is generated overtake signal (23) for releasing an overtaking maneuver (25) ,


Various disorders result from genetically determined abnormalities of enzymes, the metabolic consequences of which affect the development or functioning of the nervous system. The range of metabolic disturbances is wide, as is the resultant range of clinical syndromes. Although most occur in children, some can present in adult life, and increasing numbers of affected children survive into adult life. In some, The last 20 years has seen a considerable expansion in our understanding of the genetic and metabolic basis for many neurological conditions. Particular clinical presentations of neurometabolic disorders include ataxias, movement disorders, childhood epilepsies, or peripheral neuropathy. Although individual metabolic disorders are rare, collectively such disorders are relatively common. Clinical neurophysiology has an important role in studying these disorders. Although the technics have a low specificity, but it has a high sensitivity. In other words, clinical neurophysiologic studies are good means to determine the severity of disorders as well as follow-up. In my talk, I will address to the issue in detail and will share my experience in the field.


We propose a real-time optical edge enhancement technique based on the polarizarion modulation of liquid crystal televisions. Experimental results and discussions are presented.


In this article we set up a mathematical model to represent the effects of the forces which operate during the rowing of racing shells. The analysis is conducted in terms of eights, but could apply equally well to fours, pairs and double or quad sculls, and even (with obvious verbal changes) to single sculls. McMahon as well as McMahon and Bonner have previously considered various numbers of rowers in racing shells, and reached conclusions suggesting that consideration of an eight is representative of all possible combinations of rowers.


This is an invited commentary, after last summer's fires, from Stephen Pyne, doyen of those studying fires in nature around the world, and author of Burning Bush: A Fire History of Australia (1991); The StilT Burning Bush , rev. (2020); and Fire: A Brief History, 2 nd edition (2020), revised with an Australian preface


The purpose for his paper is to highlight the importance of those business risk categories, which have outstanding crisis-genic potential. The reference to most common approaches to the problem of business safety and continuity is made, with a special emphasis on Risk Management strategy. Introduced concepts of "critical risk" and "critical impact" allowed making an efficient selection of critical risks from the generic variety of threats. Identification and evaluation of threats, which are inevitable present in business activity, is a core element of each process aiming in improving business safety and sustainability. It doesn't matter is it Risk Management (RM), Business Continuity Management (BCM), Crisis Management (CM), or any other from the variety of concepts - in diverse shape, variously named and situated in the processes, risk assessment must be done. Neglected or misestimated in preventive emprise, risk can result in crisis, misdiagnosed (as a reason of) in the course of crisis, may contribute to make survival unachievable. Critical situations happen in enterprises as well as in supply chains. In many cases crises are unavoidable, however, being aware what may happen, company's management may do a lot - either to avoid crisis, or at least to reduce the range and the magnitude of possible impacts. The sooner we know threats and risks which may result in critical situations, the better risk treatment may be applied. That seems to be obvious. Nevertheless, crises - caused by a wide spectrum of reasons - are quite frequent in common practice, and thousands of enterprises collapse each year due to their unpreparedness or lack of abilities to face such event successfully. Only in 2006 there were over 10 000 business crises reported (ICM 2007). In business management strategies numerous solutions are proposed and practiced concerning crises. Whatever are their names, generally may be grouped into three main approaches to the considered problem corresponding to these mentioned before: risk management, business continuity management and crisis management. To a certain extent all three concepts evidently interfere, have some convergent features, and in some aspects are complementary (Fig. 1.). Nevertheless, developed independently, they have no direct contact points and frequently represent somewhat different way of thinking or "philosophy of management", they also significantly differ in which main procedures and activities (analytic ones and actions) are they focused on. One of such differences is how the possibility of crisis occurrence is situated in the entire process.


Non-uniform heating during the austenization stage of hot-stamping can lead to inhomogeneous mechanical properties, coating thickness variations, and residual stresses in the stamped components. This paper presents a heat transfer model of an electrically-powered batch austenization furnace, with the objective of diagnosing and correcting factors that cause non-uniform blank heating. Radiation view factors are calculated with the Monte Carlo method. Convection with the furnace air and conduction through the blank and furnace door is also incorporated into a transient global domain energy balance. The model incorporates temperature- and phase-dependent radiative and thermophysical properties of the steel blanks and ceramic insulation of the furnace walls. The heat transfer model is validated with data obtained from instrumented blanks in an actual production cycle. The model is then used to optimize heater settings for the existing furnace using simulated annealing.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


Magnetic twist in solar active regions (ARs) has been found to have a hemispheric preference in sign (hemisphere rule): negative in the northern hemisphere and positive in the southern. The preference reported in previous studies ranges greatly, from ∼ 58% to 82%. In this study, we examine this hemispheric preference using vector magnetic field data taken by Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager and find that 75% ± 7% of 151 ARs studied obey the hemisphere rule, well within the preference range in previous studies. If the sample is divided into two groups—ARs having magnetic twist and writhe of the same sign and having opposite signs—the strength of the hemispheric preference differs substantially: 64% ± 11% for the former group and 87% ± 8% for the latter. This difference becomes even more significant in a sub-sample of 82 ARs having a simple bipole magnetic configuration: 56% ± 16% for the ARs having the same signs of twist and writhe, and 93% with lower and upper confidence bounds of 80% and 98% for the ARs having the opposite signs. The error reported here is a 95% confidence interval. This may suggest that, prior to emergence of magnetic tubes, either the sign of twist does not have a hemispheric preference or the twist is relatively weak.


In order to build a descriptive base for a theory of marital communication, a typology of marital relationships has been developed. Using the Relational Dimensions Instrument, nine couple types may be obtained from combinations of three individual-level relational definitions: traditional, independent, and separate. The current study expanded this descriptive base by examining how the instrumental and expressive behavior of the nine couple types differed. This was accomplished by obtaining measures of both normative and perceptual sex-role orientation from a random sample of 224 couples. The results of the study indicated that normatively most of the couple types subscribed to a conventional allocation of instrumental and expressive behavior according to the sex of the partner. Only the Independents clearly supported communication roles based on the personal preferences of the marital partners. Perceptually, most husbands rated their own behavior as primarily instrumental regardless of their couple type. In contrast, wives' self-perceptions of their instrumental and expressive behaviors depended on the type of relationship they had with their husbands.


The present study was initialed to determine the deteriorative changes n cured ire the nutritive quality of crab meat during storage at refrigerator temperature (7±2) for the period of one week. The parameters studied for the assessment of quality are pH, water, total protein, salt soluble protein, TMA-N, TVB-N content. The results indicate a significant increase (p ≤ 0.001) in pH water, TMA, TVB while total protein salt soluble protein, and total lipid contents were significantly decreased (p < 0.001) as compared to fresh tissue. Our finding recommended that the quality of crab meat is acceptable upto one day of storage at refrigerator temperature after flan it becomes deteriorated. and quality of 6 on 7th Regression lines determination shows that pH is positively with water. TMA-N TVB-N but negatively with total protein, salt-soluble protein and total lipid contents during seven at 7 ± 2°C. The degree of correlation between


The radiation behavior of the fractional-order, resonant mode within a circular sector cavity radiator is revealed at first, and then, it is employed to design a novel, planar quasi-isotropic magnetic dipole antenna. A set of closed-form formulas is derived and employed to determine the key parameters of the proposed antenna. The resultant circular sector magnetic dipole antenna operates at its dominant TM(2/3), 1 mode. It is numerically verified and experimentally validated at the 2.45-GHz band. It is seen that the antenna exhibits a good non-uniformity of less than 5.7 dB within the three principal planes, and an average radiation efficiency up to 82% within its impedance bandwidth from 2.4 to 2.5 GHz (for reflection coefficient smaller than −10 dB). Good agreement between the theoretical, simulated, and measured results has evidently verified the proposed antenna design approach.


We present the concept of time continuation to develop the path integral quantization given in Refs.[l-2] into a continuing time theory, which can deal with the Minkowski and the Euclidean formulation of path integral quantization in a unified description, and give the general effective Lagrangian and the damping factor for functional integral. In particular, the damping factors in the Feynman and the Lee-Yang cases in the Minkowski space are proved to be the positive definite Hamiltonian. But in the Euclidean space, it is the effective Lagrangian which is equivalent to the Hamiltonian and no damping factor is needed. So the Euclidean formulation is advantageous mathematically. It has been, mentioned that when Hamiltonian involves a high order of momentum P, there will appear singular term in the effective Lagrangian.


Братья Карамазовы in the Power of Polish (Re)translations

The article discusses Kinga Rozwadowska's monograph book Przekład i władza. Polskie tłumaczenia Braci Karamazow Fiodora Dostojewskiego [Translation and Power: Polish Translations of Fyodor Dostoevsky's Brothers Karamazov] (Kraków 2018). Before presenting the book, the reviewer refers to translation series as a research problem and discusses elements of retranslation theory. The merit of Rozwadowska's book lies primarily in its methodological innovativeness: the author combines contemporary cultural discourse on translation with the discourse on power and with Mihail Bakhtin's concepts of novelistic polyphony and the dialogic word. Moreover, the Rozwadowska discusses and evaluates not only the translation series, but also the current situation of the examined translations on Polish publishing market. The adoption of a cultural perspective does not entail abandoning traditional translation analysis based on philological examination and comparison of textual material. This procedure is successfully applied in the second part of the monograph, devoted to ten selected elements of Dostoyevsky's novel, which illustrates specific translation problems. The comparative analyses and interpretations of individual elements of the translation series are also evaluated highly by the reviewer, although not without minor polemical remarks.


ABSTRACT From Kohlberg's moral reasoning approach, this study analyzes the decision-making process of a group of Swedish newspaper editors. We use a qualitative methodology to examine how editors respond to three ethical dilemmas related to company loyalty, journalistic values, and newsroom diversity. Findings suggest that commercial considerations do not outweigh the inherent ethical/journalistic influence on decisions concerning the newsroom. Further categorization reveals that ethical and managerial reasoning co-exist in a news media landscape that requires capturing readers and investors without neglecting journalistic values and norms. In investigating the moral, ethical, and business aspects of newspaper editors' decision-making process, our findings reveal the delicate balance Swedish editors strive for during an increasingly difficult and transitional period in journalism.


This study aims to see if there are any differences in the degree of computer game addiction that come from various maternal behavioral patterns of...


Background The pudendal nerve is considered as the main nerve of sexuality. Pudendal neuralgia is an underdiagnosed disease in clinical practice. The aim of this systematic review is to highlight the role of pudendal neuralgia on sexual dysfunction in both sexes. Methods A PubMed search was performed using the following keywords: "Pudendal" AND "Sexual dysfunction" or "Erectile dysfunction" or "Ejaculation" or "Persistent sexual arousal" or "Dyspareunia" or "Vulvodynia". The search involved patients having sexual dysfunction due to pudendal neuralgia. Treatment received was also reported. Results Five case series, seven cohort studies, two pilot studies, and three randomized clinical trials were included in this systematic review. Pudendal nerve and/or artery entrapment, or pudendal neuralgia, is a reversible cause of multiple sexual dysfunctions. Interventions such as anesthetic injections, neurolysis, and decompression are reported as potential treatment modalities. There are no studies describing the role of pudendal canal syndrome in the pathophysiology or treatment of delayed ejaculation or penile shortening. Discussion Pudendal neuralgia is an underestimated yet important cause of persistent genital arousal, erectile dysfunction (ED), premature ejaculation (PE), ejaculation pain, and vulvodynia. Physicians should be aware of this entity and examine the pudendal canal in such patients before concluding an idiopathic cause of sexual dysfunction.


The Mallory reaction of 1,2-diarylhexafluorocyclopentene (1, aryl = 3-bromophenyl; 2, aryl = 4-bromophenyl) under light irradiation (λ = 365 nm) in the presence of iodide proceeded to give dibromophenanthrene derivatives, 3 and 4. Polycondensation of 9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diboronic acid bis(1,3-propanediol)ester with the obtained monomers by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling afforded the phenanthrene-type copolymers Poly-3 and Poly-4 in high yields. For comparison, diphenylethene-type copolymers (Poly-1 and Poly-2) were also prepared analogously. UV–vis spectra of Poly-3 and Poly-4 in CHCl3 showed π–π* transition peaks at 380 and 354 nm, respectively, and additional shoulder peaks appeared at a longer wavelength in the film, suggesting the molecular assembly of the polymer molecules. In contrast, the spectra of Poly-1 and Poly-2 in solution were essentially unchanged as measured in the film, presumably owing to partial interruption of the π-conjugation system in polymer main chains. The copolymers showed photolum...


A regional success story is Atlantic Coast Airlines, an affiliate of United and Delta. Still, operating profits are slipping because of write-offs for retiring aircraft, higher fuel costs and increased competition at its Dulles hub. As it expands its fleet, it is running short of pilot recruits. Re-positioning itself so that its two partners aren't competing is another challenge. The article provides details on operating results and earnings.


Many mobile knowledge management (KM) systems have been described in the literature having unique and interesting features, each being inserted into a specific application domain. This fragmentation in the application domain makes it difficult to compare and define a set of core features of mobile KM systems. Analysing and comparing features and strategies of several systems from different application domains makes it possible to identify the core features that form a mobile KM system. Consequently, we may use these core features to define the evaluation and comparison framework of mobile KM systems, regardless of its application domain. The purpose of this work is to define these core features and discuss their importance, through the analysis of six mobile KM systems, highlighting the positive and the negative aspects of the KM processes. The contributions of this work are the framework and the list of core features of mobile KM systems.


Improved methods for performing burn-in of electronic components, such as integrated circuits (ICs) with on-board thermal sense circuits, are used to obtain a higher bin split. According to an embodiment, a thermal set-point is loaded into each IC. While the ICs are maintained at a constant elevated temperature, the burn-in system checks each IC to determine whether the set-point has been exceeded. If so, it characterizes the IC by that set-point; if not, it decrements the set-point and checks again. The method continues until all ICs have been characterized to a specific set-point. As a result of the method, a junction temperature is obtained for each IC. In addition, a real-time estimate of the burn-in time for each IC is obtained, so that burn-in time can be adjusted to maximize burn-in throughput. Apparatus for implementing improved IC burn-in is also described.


During the manufacturing process 10-12% in weight of cacao beans, which consist of seed coat and embryo, are discarded. The above mentioned material has a potential for utilization as animal food and purine base source. Therefore the chemical composition was determined in each part of the beans (seed coat, embryo and cotyledons) after fermentation and drying. The principal compounds of the cotyledons are lipids (48%) of which 57% are saturated fatty acids. Total nitrogen, total sugar, and starch content in the seed coat and embryo varied between 3-5%, 5-6%, 11-24%, whereas crude fiber content was 20%. The theobromine and caffeine content varied between 0.6-0.9% and in the cotyledons around 0.5%.


Resuscitation of children is rare but something that most GPs dread. It is important that GPs are able to recognise and manage an arrest situation calmly until further help arrives (usually in the form of an ambulance). The most common cause of arrest in children is respiratory failure; this differs from adults where arrest due to cardiac arrhythmia is more common. The outcome from cardio-respiratory arrest in children is poor, particularly if it is a prolonged arrest; therefore early recognition of the deteriorating patient with appropriate intervention is vital.


In recent years, developing countries have expressed increasing frustration with their status in the international trade regime. The Doha Round of World Trade Organization (WTO) negotiations notoriously collapsed in September 2003 amidst developing-country dissatisfaction with proposed access to developed-country markets.1 So, too, developing countries have criticized WTO rulings allowing developed countries to impose import restrictions based on environmental considerations.2 Most recently, India challenged the


Strip roads serve to enable silviculture operations, maintain biodiversity, and decrease damages to the soil and environment. At the same time, strip roads decrease the productive area. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of strip roads on the productivity of spruce plantations growing in different density regimes. Five trials, each of 0.234 ha area, with different density regimes and two replications in an experimental spruce plantation were used for this study. The permanent plots were established in the plantation of 15 years of age and were remeasured every 4–5 years over 24 years. Differences in tree growth between outer rows bordering strip roads and inner rows, 1.75 and 3.5 m from the strip road, were estimated using t statistics. The gross annual increment of trees in outer rows at age 39 years exceeded the increment of trees in inner rows by up to 60%–78%. Increase of productivity occurred primarily due to the more intensive diameter growth and higher density of trees in the outer rows. In general, the influence of strip roads on the total productivity of plantation depends on the ratio of the growth intensity of trees between outer and inner rows as well as ratio of the width of treed strips to the width of the strip road.


The English language has been filled with some amazingly peculiar and bizarre examples of speech and grammar. Along with this vocabulary growth so to did the number of expressions and grammatical rules that seem to make no sense when actually examined. English can be a confusing method of communication even for native speakers. The history of the English lexicon is directly related to the history of great invasions, as each new nation settling in the island brought their own language and somehow left its certain elements as a legacy. Each language is exposed to the changes in accordance with the novelties occurring in the life of its speakers. Monitoring how new language units are created by methods such as borrowings, eponyms, acronyms, blendings and clipping is predominantly useful for linguistics. Similarly, in terms of defining cognitive sphere of language it would be useful to consider psychological processes that necessitate the acceptance of newly formed language units as new words. The presence of borrowings in any language should not be deciphered as a national tragedy, on the contrary they should be perceived as conditional names failing to reflect true nature of the units of reality. A striking example of the language's evolutionary nature is the addition of new words to the word-stock of each language. The work "Peculiarities of the Enrichment of the English Language" is dedicated to the various peculiarities of the enrichment of the English language. The main goal of the article is to emphasize the dynamic nature of the lexical structure of the language, to consider the borrowings that enrich the English language, and to study some specific methods, such as eponyms, acronyms, blending and clipping, both from linguistic and psychological points, that is from linguo-psychological aspect. While analyzing this linguistic reality, we consider it necessary to examine certain psychological processes that guarantee its realization and make it inevitable. This analysis was conducted with the study of the sources related to the subject, the analysis of the results obtained, the analysis and synthesis of the arguments, and also the comparative analysis method.


Based on the ion hopping model, the dielectric dispersion of insulating films with long‐range movements of charge carriers has been analyzed without neglecting space‐charge field and diffusion. The complex dielectric constant of films with long‐range movements of charge carriers (impurity ions) which are blocked at the electrodes was analyzed. The anomalous increase in the complex dielectric permittivity in the region of low frequency was explained. Finally it was concluded that the analysis developed here is very helpful for a better understanding of the dielectric dispersion of insulating films with long‐range movements of charge carriers.


To judge and analyze n A level electric leakage found during device test, and to put forward solutions. The article introduces the method of judging and analyzing the n A level electric leakage of probe cards. First, the author confirms that the fault falls on PCB by judging and analyzing. Then he tests the PCB by its degree of moisture, insulating property, regional arrangement of columns of holes and so on. The result shows that when PCB production is limited by resistance welding bridge technology, the resistance welding bridges among annular rings will fall off and excessive leakage. To ensure the successful production of resistance welding bridge technology, the resistance welding bridges among annular rings will fall of and the base material will be exposed in the open air, which eventually leads to poor insulating property and excessive leakage. To ensure the successful production of resistance welding bridges, they can enlarge the visionary space or improve the resistance welding technology. Also they can material of higher electrical resistivity in order to improve the insulating properly of PCB.


Postfault oscillations in active power and voltage responses of grid-connected voltage source inverters (VSIs) have been reported in the literature. They are caused by nonideally tuned controllers and the implemented current limitations used for protecting the VSIs from overcurrents. These oscillations become even more significant when the VSI is connected to a weak grid, deteriorating the recovery process of the VSI. This article presents a method for damping the postfault oscillations by using an adaptive virtual resistor (VR). Even though these oscillations are observed with both grid-following and grid-forming inverters, this article focuses on droop-based grid-forming inverters. The proposed method dynamically integrates a VR into the VSI control and removes it in the normal operation mode of the VSI. This method is implemented in the synchronous reference frame, which is commonly used due to its decoupled active and reactive power control. The amount of virtual resistance used for oscillation damping is adaptive to the recovery rate of the VSI. Hence, the proposed method is robust against changes in grid strength. Finally, the performance of the method is evaluated in PSCAD/EMTDC and also experimentally validated.


Often used in low probability of intercept continuous waveform (CW) emitters, polyphase modulations can have extremely long code lengths (large processing gain), good sidelobe performance and robust Doppler tolerance. This paper presents an efficient algorithm to autonomously extract the polyphase radar modulation parameters from an intercepted waveform using a Wigner-Ville Radon transform. Results show that our method results in a small relative error in the extracted parameters for signal-to-noise ratios as low as - 6dB.


ALTHOUGH LONG REGARDED AS AN ICONOCLAST, the Berlin historian Ernst Nolte, writing in the mid-1980's, seriously challenged previous interpretations of the sources of Nazism, and touched off a vitriolic political controversy, with his assertion that the Holocaust was "a reaction, born from fear, to the annihilation processes of the Russian Revolution." Indeed, claimed Nolte, "everything which the Nazis later did, with the sole exception of the technical process of gassing, had already been described comprehensively in the early Twenties."I And by whom? Nolte left no room for doubt, making it clear that the model for the Nazis was Stalin's Gulag. Was it possible, Nolte suggested, that Hitler merely did to the Jews what the "Red Terror" had done to its enemies in the 1920's and 1930's? Might Hitler and the Nazis have committed their "Asiatic" deeds only because they feared that they might be potential victims of an "Asiatic" deed themselves? To Nolte, the failure of historians had been a refusal to recognize that the Nazis had not been first in the business of mass deportations, concentration camps, and extermination of whole groups according to objective criteria.2 In essence,


The lines between the present invention is a sheet for an injection-mold decoration which performs injection molding of a resin and the decorating (加 飾) at the same time, it is made by laminating into the two resin sheets between the pattern layer at least one layer, two resin sheets less than or equal to the difference in coefficient of expansion 4 × 10 Even if the present invention is a warp does not occur even after the three-dimensional processing, such as vacuum molding is made, is easy to release from the three-dimensional processing mold, even if set in the mold for injection molding does not fall from it, and injecting a molding resin, and this does not enter the gap between the decorative sheet and the mold, to a decorative sheet not happened that the peeling between the respective sheets constituting the decorative sheet. Decorative sheet, resin sheet, injection molding, decorating, coefficient of linear expansion


S1. Shape evolution of the new-state VO 2 hollow spherical nanoarchitectures S2. Compositional characterization of the new-state nsutite-type VO 2 precursor S3. Summary XRD patterns of the nsutite-type VO 2 prepared by different chemical reactions S4. Structural determination of new-state VO 2 S5. Calculation details and phase conversion process from the new-state nsutite-type VO 2 to rutile VO 2 (R) S6. Characterization of the GBR-VO 2 (R) hollow hierarchitectures S7. Gas adsorption experiments of different vanadium oxides


The influence of ad libitum aluminium sulphate, Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , administration during three generations on the blood glutathione (GSH) values in rats was studied. This study was carried out on 34 Wistar rats divided in 9 experimental batches (L I , L II , L III , L I F 1n , L II F 1n , L III F 1n , L I F 2n , L II F 2n , L III F 2n )and one control batch (C). Aluminium sulphate has been administrated in drinking water, ad libitum. GSH was measured quantitatively at Perkin-Elmer spectrophotometer through Beutler et. al. method (4), at 412nm. Hemoglobin (Hb) was measured through Drabkin method (9) at the automatic analyzer Bekman Coulter. GSH is considered to be the most powerful and most important of body's self-generated antioxidants. It is a powerful antioxidant, he neutralizes free radicals and prevents their formation. Because aluminium (Al) can couse oxidative damage on cellular biological processes by inhibiting GSH regeneration through the inhibition of NADPH supply in mitochondria, but only a little inhibitory effect on the GSH generation in cytosol (17 ), the consequences of ad libitum Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 administration was a limited decrease of GSH values.


With the latest developments of Virtual Reality(VR) technology, the idea and desire of immersive sensory experience in Virtual Environments(VEs) have increased. Immersive VR system should produce different signals and stimuli in several ways to replicate the physical world and use various display devices to convey the user. For conveying the user, VR technology needs to display synthetic stimuli which are indistinguishable from natural stimuli for five human senses. These senses are sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste. The user needs to be presented with a believable sensory input to be immersed in a virtual reality environment. This research paper is aiming to investigate how people perceive the physical world and how does VR technology achieve the goal of immersiveness through tricking five human senses. Through examining current VR technologies by comparing human sensorial perception for each of the senses, this paper is aiming to arrive a conclusion regarding whether or not the VR technology is achieving the goal of immersiveness by tricking our senses.


Abstract Background The prevalence of chronic disease in pregnant women has consistently risen over the past two decades. Substantial evidence demonstrates that maternal chronic disease is associated with adverse medical outcomes like preterm birth, but less research has characterized postpartum outcomes such as infant feeding practices. It is recommended that infants be exclusively breastfed from birth to 6 months given the numerous health benefits it provides. Objective To determine the association between maternal chronic disease and breastfeeding outcomes. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional self-report data from the 2015/2016 Canadian Community Health Survey, restricted to women who gave birth within 2 years of data collection (n = 2100, rounded). The exposure was professionally diagnosed chronic physical disease (e.g. diabetes, arthritis, heart disease). The outcomes were breastfeeding non-initiation and early cessation of breastfeeding before 6 months. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Estimates were bootstrapped and weighted to represent the national population. Results Overall, 11.9% (95% CI 9.8–14.1) of women reported chronic disease, and were more likely to be single, be Canadian born, have low education, and be overweight/obese than women without chronic disease. The mean maternal age was approximately 30 years in both groups. Women with chronic disease had similar odds of breastfeeding non-initiation (AOR 0.96, 95% CI 0.54–1.71) and early cessation of any breastfeeding (AOR 1.40, 95% CI 0.82–2.40), but over twice the odds of early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding (AOR 2.48, 95% CI 1.49–4.12) compared to unaffected women. Conclusion Mothers with chronic disease initiate and continue some form of breastfeeding to six months as often as their unaffected peers. However, they have substantially higher odds of ceasing exclusive breastfeeding before the recommended 6 months. Findings suggest a need to investigate the reasons for this disparity to ensure that appropriate breastfeeding support is available for women with chronic disease and their children.


In January 2006, the "New IT Reform Strategy" was put in motion as a national strategy with an aim of realizing "a society in which everyone can feel the benefit of IT whenever and wherever," namely, a ubiquitous network society. In addition, one of the growth strategies set forth at the national government's Council on Economic and Fiscal Policy in April 2007 was "service innovation through effective use of IT". Simply put, improving labor productivity and international competitiveness with the realization of a ubiquitous network society, is one of the most important challenges facing Japan in the second half of the 2000s .


This paper analyzes the roles of the New Orleans police in the slave order, and attempts to delineate the various opportunities for police autonomy. I also consider the laws of slavery that the police were expected to enforce, and the viability of actively enforcing them. I conclude that the police had opportunities to create autonomy for themselves through the reality of slave and city life.


Letter by Tampaki et al Regarding Article, "Cardiovascular Effects of New Oral GlucoseLowering Agents: DPP-4 and SGLT-2 Inhibitors" To the Editor: It was a pleasure to go through the article by Scheen, which focuses on cardiovascular effects of new oral glucose-lowering agents, as he brings up excellent discussion topics. In the Leader trial (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results), liraglutide addition reduced cardiovascular mortality creating a slightly favorable harmbenefit balance, because the randomization process didn't create comparable groups. The LEADERs inclusion criteria defined 2 populations with different characteristics, whereas the protocol didn't plan separate randomization and analysis of the 2 patient populations, consequently weakening the results. During the trial, the protocol permitted hypoglycemic agents addition if the HbA1c remained >7%, except of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor agonists and gliptins, leading to unbalanced treatment distribution between the groups, weakening the results. The consequences caused by imbalance about the β-blocker and glitazone treatment were not further investigated, meaning a possible liraglutide efficacy overestimate. Uncertainty about the consequences of GLP-1 receptor agonists long-term use highlights safety issues including pancreatic and thyroid cancer risk. In the Leader trial, patients at increased risk were excluded, whereas 13 patients in the liraglutide group versus 5 patients (6 patients would make the difference statistically significant) in the placebo group developed pancreatic cancer. Five key efficacy phase 3 trials and a CVOT (cardiovascular outcome trial) revealed that the patients proportion discontinuing trial product prematurely because of adverse events was 20% higher with semaglutide compared with placebo, whereas the study-wise type I error was not controlled. The prespecified primary analysis in CVOT was a mixed model for repeated measurements analysis using on-treatment data before the onset of rescue therapy and hypothesized missing data were randomly missing (MAR), a not acceptable approach, as some off-treatment measurements were replaced with on-treatment measurements acquired at early treatment discontinuation visits. After Food Drug Administration's advice, a retrieved dropout analysis for the HbA1c and body weight end points was conducted, where missing data were multiply imputed based on subjects who stopped treatment but were still measured at the end point visit. One limitation is that because of the retrieved dropouts small number, relatively simple imputation models were used without considering the discontinuing treatment time, overestimating the treatment effect of semaglutide. No screening for neoplasms and no specific information collecting about neoplasms was conducted at baseline. Events for adjudication were identified by a MedDRA (Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities) query and showed a higher proportion of malignancy in semaglutide patients, driven by skin, breast, lung, and pancreatic cancer. In addition to pancreatic cancer, breast cancer events increased incidence was documented with other GLP1 RAs. Thyroid neoplasms were analyzed separately because of C-cell hyperplasia concern with long-acting GLP-1 RAs. Additionally, 2-year animal carcinogenicity studies showed a statistically significant combined C-cell adenomas and carcinomas incidence increase, an established class effect of GLP-1R agonists, highlighting that the human relevance of the tumors remains unknown requiring postmarketing surveillance studies. The last Food and Drug Administration Pharmacology/ Toxicology Summary in animal studies reveals food intake and body weight reduction observed additionally to ECG abnormalities (a bigeminal rhythm with episodes of sinus tachycardia in week 13 and a continuous left bundle branch block-like recording that persisted from week 26 to week 52), a slight multifocal myocardial vacuolation and degeneration with karyomegaly. In the EMPA-REG trial (Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients), mainly cardiovascular death drives the differences in the 3 and 4-point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) results and was included as a component of the primary and key secondary MACE end point not being prespecified from the beginning. The not assessable deaths were more than one-third (40.1%) of the trials all cardiovascular deaths, whereas death was underestimated in patients that had a protracted illness with an earlier qualifying event. Hospitalization for heart failure (HF) and other HF-related end points were not prespecified as part of the composite MACE end points and were not controlled for type I error. Assessing whether patients who had HF were on HF guideline-directed therapy or whether they had HF with a reduced ejection fraction or a preserved one was not clear. Silent myocardial infarctions were not included in the primary analysis for MACE but were ineffectively incorporated with additional analyses to the composite 3-point MACE, using postrandomization variables as part of the inclusion criteria, producing incorrect outcomes. Most importantly, cancer occurrence was not stated clearly in the EMPA-REG trial, rationalizing close drug pharmacovigilance.


Shivering is one of the most common complications of cesarean
delivery, occurring in up to 50% of cases [1]. The occurrence
of Shivering is often characterized as paroxysmal, brief...


A digital-based isolated word recognition system has been implemented in a module of dedicated hardware that uses a microprocessor and programmable digital signal processing circuitry. The recognizer is based upon the minimum prediction residual principle of Itakura. The recognition algorithm has been developed and tested on a general-purpose minicomputer and array processor, where it has been shown to be suitable for several recognition tasks. The recognition hardware consists of an Intel 8086 16-bit microprocessor operating in parallel with a digital speech processing peripheral (DSPP) tailored to the algorithm. The microprocessor performs the supervisory and decision operations; the DSPP performs the 200,000T + 4,500N multiply-add operations (and associated data transfers) associated with the recognition of a word of duration T sec from an N word vocabulary with 1 template per word. The recognizer is compact (board area of 250 sq. in.) and inexpensive (commercial component cost of about $1200 for 40 word templates).


Summary form only given as follows. Structured benchmarking is a relatively new addition to the plethora of organizational improvement tools. The idea is simple and attractive. In general term, benchmarking enables learning, adapting, and implementing best practices of the leading companies. It is an attempt to encourage organizations to move away from the syndrome of "not invented here" towards learning from one another. Benchmarking is often used for improvement of existing processes, but rarely as a tool for planning the implementation of new technology.


Many of the health benefits associated with Aloe vera have been attributed to the polysaccharide contained in the gel of the leaves. On the other hand, the important pharmaceutical applications such as the use of the dried Aloe vera gel powder as an excipient in sustained release (SR) pharmaceutical dosage forms has to be explored further. The present study is development of water insoluble compound into a sustained release matrix tablets and the influence of Aloe vera gel powder in the dissolution and other physical properties of the SR matrix tablets were assessed. The HPMC and ethyl cellulose were used as polymer and different concentration of Aloe vera gel powder used as dissolution enhancer. Sustained release matrix tablets were formulated by direct compression method and subjected to various quality control studies as per the official pharmacopeial standards. The developed tablet formulation complies with the monograph. The results suggest that Aloe vera is improved the dissolution of curcumin. Dissolution kinetics suggests that all the formulation followed Korsemayer Peppas model via anomalous diffusion mechanism. To conclude the Aloe vera gel powder can be used as dissolution enhancer for improving the drug absorption of water insoluble drugs.


LIP 6000 Exposed linear encoders are used wherever very high demands are placed on the accuracy of the measured value. This includes production and measuring equipment in the semiconductor industry, PCB assembly machines and measuring machines. In order to ensure permanent accuracy over the entire life cycle of the encoder, HEIDENHAIN has developed the signal processing ASIC HSP 1.0 for application in exposed linear encoders with incremental position value acquisition.


The presence of inducible, sustained, monomorphic ventricular tachycardia in post-myocardial infarction patients with an ejection fraction of <40% and spontaneous, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) portends a significant risk of sudden death. Electrophysiologically-guided therapy (proper implantable cardioverter-defibrillator selection) significantly lowers arrhythmic death or resuscitated cardiac arrest, and its benefit on total mortality extends to 5 years. Class IC drugs should be avoided in the treatment of NSVT in coronary disease. The benefit of β blocking agents in reducing mortality after a myocardial infarction was observed in patients with and without NSVT. Amiodarone is successful for arrhythmia suppression. Furthermore, patients treated with amiodarone have a significantly lower annual rate of arrhythmic death or resuscitated ventricular fibrillation. However, amiodarone does not significantly decrease all-cause or cardiac mortality. The Multicenter Unsustained Tachycardia and Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation trials have clearly shown the survival benefit of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy in patients with previous myocardial infarction, a left ventricular ejection fraction of ≤0.40, and NSVT occurring more than 3 weeks after an infarction. Among survivors of ventricular fibrillation or sustained ventricular tachycardia causing severe symptoms, the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator is superior to antiarrhythmic drugs in increasing overall survival.


Sustainable transitions are challenging management and leadership in architectural practice. As means to overcome fragmentation and drive for sustainability, co-creation has become an emerging trend in construction management research and architectural practice. The early 'fuzzy' phase of projects has been identified as of great importance to integrate multidisciplinary perspectives in the design. With action research in architectural practice, three perspectives of co-creation processes were explored to achieve an integrated sustainable design. The experiences are reflected upon, in-action and in retrospect, and through the FfC framework (Framework for Co-designing), the paper contributes with new insight on success/advantage of co-creation processes for sustainable design. Such advantages include the integration of multidisciplinary competences, the creation of stakeholder value and engagement in early phase construction. Further, action research, and especially Gestalt practice and theory, brought a new relational approach to co-creation processes in early design. The architect, in the new role as 'knowledge-process designer', shifts focus towards designing interaction instead of artefacts, and thus contributes to SDG 17-Partnerships. The contribution to practice was twofold; 1) a new digital participatory design tool; 2) an innovative sustainable design solution for urban resilience supporting SDGs 11-Sustianable cities, 3-Health, and 14-Climate.


As Bangladesh is one of the largest Muslim countries in the world it captures many Islamic heritage sites those are renowned all over the world. It includes unique designed mosques, tombs, shrines in almost all the districts of Bangladesh those are very attractive in nature and it can create appeal to the Muslim as well as non-Muslim tourists from home and abroad. This paper explores the concept of Islamic tourism with its various terminologies. The paper also describes briefly the major attractions of Islamic heritage in Bangladesh in front of the national and international tourists. Key Terms:Tourism, Islamic heritage, Bangladesh. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 03-07-2017 Date of acceptance: 15-07-2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


3D triangulation technique was introduced into color transformation.The determination problem of equipment color gamut was solved successfully and the partition of 3D-LUT interpolation method was realized.Color conversion model was established with combination of 3D-LUT tetrahedral interpolation method and through optimization of searching algorithm.216 full color target sample were tested and the results were compared with traditional Neugebauer equation reverse conversion model.The results showed that the conversion precision and efficiency of the new model is higher than that of the traditional one.


Fluctuating power resulting from renewable energy sources is strictly challenging power quality in Microgrid systems. This paper presents a Distributed-STATCOM (D-STATCOM) to alleviate variation of both positive-sequence and negative-sequence voltages at the fundamental frequency. The D-STATCOM operates as separate conductances at the fundamental positive- and negative-sequence frequency, respectively, to restore the positive-sequence voltage to the nominal value as well as suppress the negative-sequence voltage to an allowable level. The conductance commands are dynamically tuned according to voltage fluctuation at the installation location, so voltage variation could be reduced in response to load change and variable renewable energy. A resonant current regulation is implemented for fundamental current tracking as well as harmonic current reduction due to high voltage distortion in low-voltage Microgrid. This feature is a significant advantage in practical applications. Supporting results from computer simulations are provided to validate effectiveness.