There are some professional competitions, which should be form for students according to educational program of biology and federal governmental educational standard requirements: the ability to explain biology role in scientific worldview, the contribution of biology theory in formation modern scientific word; solve biology problems; describe features of biology objects and compare them and analyze. The analysis of research showed that the main focus is given to subject knowledges, but the main mistake in solving professional problems is inability to control its activities. According to research, the level of development logical techniques is low. Thus, teachers should not only explain new material, but teach of logical thinking. Students who possess these skills will be competitively, capable intellectually educated and they learn to effectively apply knowledge and skills in their life ana profession. The aim of the article is to show the methodic of development logical thinking in lerning biology via innovative technologies. The study concluded that innovative modern new technologies should be used at lessons. The article summarize new material on the method of using new innovative technologies for development logical techniques.


Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds are non-polar hydrophobic organic compounds comprising two or more fused benzene rings, with meagre aqueous solubility [1]. These compounds may be released to the environment through the disposal of coal tar and other coal processing wastes, petroleum sludges, asphalt, creosote and other wood preservative wastes like pentachloro phenol, chemical wastes and soot [2]. There were many wood preservative sites contaminated with pentachloro phenol in Canada. The major sources of other organic contaminants like PAHs are in coal storage sites, coking sites and tar ponds. In addition, organic contaminants are also generated from the industrial wastes like in the manufacturing process of halogenated phenols and other Aqueous Solubility Enhancement and Desorption of Sudan III Dye from Contaminated Soil Using Plant Based Natural Surfactant


Abstract: During the time of covid-19 whole education system has shifted from offline mode to online mode which plays a vital role in the increasing stress, anxiety, depression and other mental problem among the students, teachers, and parents. Because they all are not familiar with the online education system. So in this scenario, we should know that how much they all are aware and capable to use different online tools and courses like swayam, Courera, edu, NPTEL, YouTube, etc with their economic condition, infrastructure, and mental health too. Are they able to continue their learning during this scenario? Due to lack of awareness they all are getting mentally disturbed. In this situation, they all need support from our government because for the present situation they were not prepared from earlier. A survey was conducted by us in Uttar Pradesh to analyze the effect of lockdown on students (age 15-35 years), teachers and parents (total 162 respondents) belongs from urban and rural areas through Google form during Sep – Oct month2020. So that most of the responses come from Uttar Pradesh and the city Lucknow. Through this survey we draw the different factors like not comfortable, privacy concerns, not aware, sleeping pattern, lazier, stressful, worried, eye problem, digital screens, burden of work, and disrespectful behavior which somewhere affect the mental health and behavior of the respondents. We have also taken response to rating online education system and examination at the likert scales 1(poor) — 5(excellent). This paper will help to know what the reasons behind the above mention factors are. We have find out the proportion of students, teachers, and parents who are facing different types of mental problems, and we are trying to show finding of the survey with the help of different graphs also. Keywords: Online higher education system, different factors affect mental health, the problem faces by the students, teachers, and parents, awareness about online courses, the suggestion for the government.


Introduction: As immunoassay and Eliza are used nowadays for checking levels of FSH and estradiol, the role of vaginal acidity as a sign of responding vaginal cells to estrogen has been forgotten, although its role in this field is known. The purpose of this study was to assess the sensitivity of vaginal Ph in diagnosis of menopause, estradiol levels, hot flashes and vaginal dryness that are frequent problems. Methods: This descriptive – cross sectional study included 250 women aged 45- 60 years. Population sampling was nonrandom and inclusion factors included absence of hormonal therapy, absence of vaginal douche or coitus during the past three days. Vaginal Ph, FSH and estradiol levels were determined. The analysis was carried out using SPSS. For comparing two variables, Spearman, Pearson and chi-square tests were used. Results: The mean age of the population sample was 50.4 years(SD ± 4.4) of which 45.7% were menopause and 54.3% were in menopausal transition. Mean vaginal Ph was 5.57±0.66. The association between vaginal Ph, FSH and estradiol was significant (P=0.047, P=0.000). In this study, the cut off point of FSH for diagnosing menopause was ≥20 mu/ml. The sensitivity of vaginal PH >5 with this level of FSH was determined to be 60%. Sensitivity of vaginal PH >5 in diagnosing estradiol ≤40pg/ml was determined to be 55%. The association between hot flashes and vaginal dryness with vaginal acidity was significant. Conclusion: Vaginal PH is an easy, noninvasive, alternative and cheap assay for diagnosing menopause, estradiol levels and menopausal signs.


Many industrialists belonging to coal mining industry are currently facing problems related to huge motors and pumps which are used to extract coal from beneath the ground. As per the requirements stated, the current must not specified value, dry run must not happen and the temperature must not go beyond normal working temperature. Solutions to these problems are desperately expected by them. To achieve the proper results, we have decided to use some smart sensors which may give us the current in the range of 0-30A, temperature sensor having sensing capacity -55°C to +125°C and dry run sensor checking the level of water.


Delayed hemothorax (DHTX) has been described only twice in the medical literature. This report from the level I trauma center at Bay State Medical Center in Springfield, Massachusetts, describes 12 such cases. A three-year retrospective analysis identified 36 patients, aged 9 to 67 years, with …


All pedestrians have a walking speed which they prefer. This appears to be the speed which, for them, is the most physically efficient. Blind pedestrians, if allowed to set the pace when accompanied by a sighted guide, will prefer to walk at a speed which is close to that of sighted pedestrians. However, when walking independently they adopt a pace which is slower than their preferred walking speed. By converting adopted walking speed into a proportion of preferred walking speed we are able to show that subject data may be pooled and comparisons made which had hitherto been impossible. Furthermore, statements may be made about the physiological efficiency of a performance. For example, efficiency varies with route difficulty, increases with increased preview, and only users of guide dogs reach their optimum efficiency.


Abstract : The various aspects of helicopter design and human-powered aircraft design are studied to present a program to design and build a human-powered helicopter (HPH) at the Naval Postgraduate School. The HPH will be designed to meet the requirements for the AHS-Sikorsky Award. The helicopter design is refined, and the feasibility of construction is assessed. In addition to pursuing a significant historical achievement, the program seeks to enhance the helicopter and composite programs of the Aeronautical Engineering curriculum at the NPS. Benefits to NPS in terms of research topics and as a research aircraft are presented. Potential future uses for ultra-low powered aircraft technology are also outlined.


This paper introduces the multiple transmission links between a mobile and ports by using the adaptive antenna array. A simulcasting technique can be used to establish the multiple transmission link in uplink and downlink. When the multipath channel environment between mobiles and ports changes dynamically the transmission power and the weighting vector are adjusted to satisfy the target SIR. Therefore, we propose the weighted power control algorithm and use the LMS algorithm to adjust the weighting vector. We perform simulations to observe uplink performance for the proposed system. We observe that the case of multiple uplinks using an adaptive antenna array has faster convergence than that of single uplink and multiple uplinks using an omni-directional antenna. Thus, the system with multilink has faster adaptability to the interference variation due to time-varying traffic.


Aimed at a better investigation into the chemical nature of kerogen and more rational exploitation and fuller use of oil shale,this paper introduces an insight into properties of molecular geometry,Wiberg bond index,bond dissociation energy,frontier molecular orbital,electrostatic potential and nuclear magnetic resonance on the basis of the structure model of green river oil shale by the hybrid density functional theory.The results show that the oxygen atom positions are the main active sites where the thermal cracking of kerogen structure and chemical reaction take place;the irregular ring deformation is mainly responsible for its cracking,but the difference between cycloalkanes and alkanes has no significant influence on its electronic structure.This study serves as a theoretical basis for improving the oil shale refining technology.


In this paper the development of the modules of the photovoltaic HgCdTe detectorswith six-stage thermoelectric cooler is reported. The detectivity, D~*(500, 1000, 1), ofthe modules is 3×10~7cm Hz~(1/2)W~(-1). Experiments with the modules for 10.6μm CO_2 lasercommunication are successful.


Between 1986 and 1999, 90 cases of major salivary gland tumors were treated surgically in the Department of Otolaryngology, Kinikyo Sapporo Nishiku Hospital. Of 90 tumors, 62 arose from the parotid gland, 28 tumors arose from the submandibular gland, but no tumors arose from the sublingual gland. Tumors were classificated according to the classifications of the World Health Organization. Incidence, gender, age, pathological diagnosis, fine-needle aspiration cytology, clinicopathological study were studied and discussed.


We present the result of our low-luminosity quasar survey in the redshift range of 4.5 ≲ z ≲ 5.5 in the COSMOS field. Using the COSMOS photometric catalog, we selected 15 quasar candidates with 22 < i′ < 24 at z ∼ 5 that are ∼3 mag fainter than the Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasars in the same redshift range. We obtained optical spectra for 14 of the 15 candidates using FOCAS on the Subaru Telescope and did not identify any low-luminosity type-1 quasars at z ∼ 5, while a low-luminosity type-2 quasar at z ∼ 5.07 was discovered. In order to constrain the faint end of the quasar luminosity function at z ∼ 5, we calculated the 1σ confidence upper limits of the space density of type-1 quasars. As a result, the 1σ confidence upper limits on the quasar space density are Φ < 1.33 × 10−7 Mpc−3 mag−1 for −24.52 < M1450 < −23.52 and Φ < 2.88 × 10−7 Mpc−3 mag−1 for −23.52 < M1450 < −22.52. The inferred 1σ confidence upper limits of the space density are then used to provide constraints on the faint-end slope and the break absolute magnitude of the quasar luminosity function at z ∼ 5. We find that the quasar space density decreases gradually as a function of redshift at low luminosity (M1450 ∼ −23), being similar to the trend found for quasars with high luminosity (M1450 < −26). This result is consistent with the so-called downsizing evolution of quasars seen at lower redshifts.


The utility and robustness of wavelet features is demonstrated through three practical case studies of detecting objects in multispectral electro-optical imagery, sidescan sonar imagery, and acoustic backscatter. Attention is given to choosing proper waveforms for particular applications. Using artificial neural networks (ANNs), evidence is fused from multiple-waveform types that detect local features. The wavelet waveforms and their dilation and shift parameters are adaptively computed with ANNs to maximize classification accuracy. Emphasis is placed on the acoustic backscatter case study, involving detecting a metallic man-made object from natural and synthetic specular clutter with reverberation noise. The synthetic clutter is shown to be a good model for the natural clutter, which appears promising for avoiding huge data collection efforts for natural clutter and for better delineating the classification boundary. The classifier computes the locations, sizes, and weights of Gaussian patches in time-scale space that contain the most discriminatory information. This new approach is shown to give higher classification rates than an ANN with commonly used power spectral features. The new approach also reduces the number of free parameters in the classifier based on all wavelet features, which leads to simpler implementation for applications and to potentially better generalization to test data.


Osmotic dehydration is well known method that decreases water content of food materials by immersing them in concentrated osmotic solutions. Many different factors have influence on efficiency of the osmotic dehydration. Among process temperature, time and solute concentration, the type of osmotic agent was found to be one of the most significant factors affecting osmotic dehydration process. Osmotic drying treatment of fish meat (Carassius gibelio) was performed for 5 hours in three different osmotic solutions (sugar beet molasses (S1), aqueous solution of sodium chloride (S2) and sucrose and combination of these solutions in a 1 : 1 ratio (S3) under atmospheric pressure, at constant solution temperature of 20 0C. The main objective was to examine the influence of different osmotic agents on the efficiency of osmotic treatment and sensorial quality of dehydrated semi-product. The efficiency of osmotic treatment was monitored by determining significant kinetic parameters: rate of water loss (RWL), rate of solid gain (RSG), rate of weight reduction (RWR) and dehydration efficiency index (DEI), after 1, 3 and 5 hours of dehydration. According to the results, all three osmotic agents were effective in reducing water content of the samples and the diffusion occurred most rapidly during the first 3 hours of the process. Using descriptive sensory analyses four quality factors of the fish meat samples were estimated: color, aroma, taste and aftertaste. The results obtained for fresh and dehydrated fish meat in three different solutions were compared. Sensory evaluation of dehydrated fish samples has found that the process of osmotic dehydration greatly affects the change of sensory descriptors. It can be concluded that osmotic dehydration is the most intensive at the beginning of treatment and all three solutions are satisfying osmotic agents. Solutions containing sugar beet molasses (S1 and S3) had greater effect on sensorial quality factors of fish meat.


The aims of this study were to determine energy use pattern, to obtain relationship between energy inputs and yield, and to make an economical analysis in walnut orchards in Hamadan, Iran. Required data were obtained from 47 walnut orchards based on random sampling method. The results indicate that walnut production consumed a total energy of 15196.1 MJ/ha where chemical fertilizers with about 41% were the major energy consumer. Energy use efficiency, energy productivity and specific energy of walnut production were 2.9, 0.3 and 3.4 MJ/kg, respectively. Econometric estimation results revealed that energy inputs of human labor, farmyard manure, chemical fertilizers, water for irrigation and transformation contributed significantly to the yield. The results of sensitivity analysis of the energy inputs showed that the Marginal Physical Productivity (MPP) value of human labor was the highest, followed by farmyard manure and water for irrigation energy inputs, respectively. The results also showed that direct, indirect and renewable and non- renewable, energy forms had a positive impact on output level and the MPP value of direct and renewable energy were higher. The benefit to cost ratio, mean net return and productivity from walnut production was obtained as 2.1, 2043.7 $/ha and 0.3 kg/$, respectively.


In order to improve the mechanical properties of A356 aluminum alloy in lost form casting (LFC), vibration and pressure were applied to solidification process of LFC, and the microstructures and the mechanical properties of the castings were compared with that of the castings in LFC without vibration and pressure. The results indicated that the grains of A356 alloy with vibration pressure in LFC became finer, and the dendrites decreased, and the equiaxed grains increased. At the same time, the porosities of the castings were significantly reduced. Compared with conventional LFC, the tensile strength, elongation, and hardness of A356 alloy with vibration pressure in LFC were all increased by 10% or above.


This work presents the theory and implementation of a novel sensorless control technique for the brushless DC (BLDC) motor. The proposed new sensorless drive method solves the problem of the sensorless BLDC motor drives at very low speeds. It provides a highly accurate and robust sensorless operation from near zero to high speeds. For this purpose, an approach, a new flux linkage function is defined, that is speed-independent. The validity of the proposed method is verified through both simulation and experimental results and discussion.


The article presents the results of the study of the shift in the morphological parameters of the leaves of three species of the genus Spiraea L. growing under the conditions of transport-caused and industrial pollution in large industrial citi of Western Siberia (Novosibirsk) in comparison with that in background conditions (reference). The morphological indices (length, width, perimeter, and area of the lamina) were determined by digital image analysis using the Maplnfo software. The anthropogenic impacts induced a reduction in the size of the assimilating organs and an increase in the index of the fluctuating asymmetry of the leaves of urban plants compared to background plants. According to the fluctuating asymmetry index, the environmental quality of the Lenin district of Novosibirsk was assessed as critical, meanwhile that of the reference conditions corresponded to the norm.


The efficacy of clove oil as an anaesthetic was evaluated in Juvenile of Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) under two experiments. Dose response examined using four anaesthetic concentrations varying from 0.22 to 0.90 g/L of clove oil and effect of exposure duration on the recovery time analysed for 5 and 10 min. Mean body length (cm), 24.9±1.37 and weight (g) 63.2±10.89, n=120, juvenile Russian sturgeon placed individually to the anaesthetic bath prepared with clove oil, and induction (I1: Sedation and I2: Loss of equilibrium) and recovery times (R1: Regain of equilibrium and R2: Sedation) recorded in seconds. Allowing fish remain in the anaesthesia after fish reaching anaesthesia stage, time to recovery from anaesthesia recorded. Fish exposed to clove oil failured to respond to external stimuli and reached to anaesthesia, sympocal stage in <3 min and recovered in <5 min at all doses except 0.22 g/L dose of clove oil. Exposure five and ten minute to anaesthesia at the 0.22, 0.45 and 0.90 g/L concentrations, fish recovered from anaesthesia in <10 min, except 0.90 g/L. The higher dose of clove oil resulted in significantly shorter induction time and prolonged recovery time. While correlation between induction time and dose determined as negative, r= -0.594 and a positive correlation has been found between dose and recovery time, r=0.422 (P<0.05). The study demonstrated that clove oil can be used as an effective anaesthetic measuring length and weight of juvenile Russian sturgeon and dose and exposure duration effect on time to recovery from anaesthesia of clove oil.


Peroxynitrite is formed in blood vessels upon reaction of superoxide anion with nitric oxide (NO). It can oxidize proteins and thiols and nitrosylate free or protein bound thiols and tyrosine residues, thereby producing vascular dysfunction. Peroxynitrite therefore, may contribute to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the in vitro effects of commercially available peroxynitrite. De-endothelialized rings from the left descending coronary artery of pig were treated with peroxynitrite for 30 min, washed and then contracted with cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) or by membrane depolarization with KCl. Tissues pre-treated with peroxynitrite showed inhibition of the CPA-induced contraction with an IC5o of ~100 uM but there was no effect on KCl induced contraction. Peroxynitrite is stable only at alkaline pH and it may decompose to form superoxide and NO. However, including superoxide dismutase + catalase along with peroxynitrite did not change its effect. Next,, we used the same protocol to compare the effects of peroxynitrite and NO generating agents: 3-morpholino sydnonimine (SIN-I), s-nitroso-N-acetylpenicilliamine (SNAP), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and spermine nonoate. The effectiveness of these agents to inhibit the CPA-induced contraction was SNAP> spermine nonoate ~SIN-I > SNP. SNAP was the most effective in inhibiting the KCl-induced contraction with spermine nononoate being less effective and SIN-I and SNP not producing any significant inhibition. We further investigated the effect of SNAP. Catalase, superoxide dismutase or CPTIO (a NO scavenger) did not prevent the effects of SNAP on the KCl or the CPA-induced contractions. The guanylate cyclase inhibitor ODQ, partially reversed the effects of only low concentrations of SNAP. Thus, pretreatment with NO generating agents such as SNAP and spermine NONOate appear to be more effective in inhibiting the contraction of the pig coronary artery than with peroxynitrite or the peroxynitrite generating agent SIN-I. Since SIN-I, SNAP, SNP and NONOates produce different amounts of peroxynitrite, nitric oxide and S-nitrosylation products, their effects may be used to delineate the molecular basis of the actions of peroxynitrite and NO on the arterial function.


In this paper, we present the estimation of surface NO2 concentrations over Germany using a machine learning approach. TROPOMI satellite observations of tropospheric NO2 vertical column densities (VCDs) and several meteorological parameters are used to train the neural network model for the prediction of surface NO2 concentrations. The neural network model is validated against ground-based in situ air quality monitoring network measurements and regional chemical transport model (CTM) simulations. Neural network estimation of surface NO2 concentrations show good agreement with in situ monitor data with Pearson correlation coefficient (R) of 0.80. The results also show that the machine learning approach is performing better than regional CTM simulations in predicting surface NO2 concentrations. We also performed a sensitivity analysis for each input parameter of the neural network model. The validated neural network model is then used to estimate surface NO2 concentrations over Germany from 2018 to 2020. Estimated surface NO2 concentrations are used to investigate the spatio-temporal characteristics, such as seasonal and weekly variations of NO2 in Germany. The estimated surface NO2 concentrations provide comprehensive information of NO2 spatial distribution which is very useful for exposure estimation. We estimated the annual average NO2 exposure for 2018, 2019 and 2020 is 15.53, 15.24 and 13.27 µµg/m3, respectively. While the annual average NO2 concentration of 2018, 2019 and 2020 is only 12.79, 12.60 and 11.15 µµg/m3. In addition, we used the surface NO2 data set to investigate the impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on ambient NO2 levels in Germany. In general, 10–30% lower surface NO2 concentrations are observed in 2020 compared to 2018 and 2019, indicating the significant impacts of a series of restriction measures to reduce the spread of the virus.


This paper develops estimators of the transition density, filters, and parameters of multivariate jump-diffusions with latent components. The drift, volatility, jump intensity, and jump magnitude are allowed to be general functions of the state. Our density and filter estimators converge at the canonical square-root rate, implying computational efficiency. Our parameter estimators have the same asymptotic properties as true maximum likelihood estimators, implying statistical efficiency. Numerical experiments highlight the superior performance of our estimators.


Raman spectroscopy has demonstrated to be an effective tool in the detection and classification of pathogenic microorganisms. The technique is, however, limited by the inherently low cross-section of the Raman scattering process. Among the many enhanced Raman processes, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique provides the highest sensitivity and can be easily adapted in the bio-sensing applications such as DNA hybridization and protein binding events. In this study, we report the targeted detection of the pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, with novel single domain antibody (sdAb) conjugated SERS nanoprobes. A sdAb specific to protein A of S. aureus cells was conjugated to silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP). Bacteria recognition was achieved through specific binding of the sdAb (conjugated to SERS nanoprobe) to protein A. Binding rendered the nanoparticle-labeled S. aureus cells SERS active. As a result, S. aureus cells could be detected rapidly and with excellent sensitivity by monitoring the SERS vibrational signatures. This work demonstrates that the SERS imaging technique offers excellent sensitivity with a detection limit of a single bacterium.


Historically, agricultural strategies to cope with the large phosphorus (P) fixing capacity of many soils have relied on saturating the system with P in the form of fertilizer, derived from non-renewable rock phosphates, to maintain plant-optimum P concentrations in soil solution (Fox and Kamprath1970). In some countries, long term fertilizer applications to meet plant needs have led to a build-up of a legacy soil P 'bank', which is largely unavailable to plants (Kamprath, 1967). Recent scientific efforts have been directed toward increasing the plan availability of this legacy soil P and enabling an efficient agronomic use of this important P reserve. But, how likely is legacy soil P to be a key source of P to sustain agricultural production? For how many growing seasons would legacy soil P be able to sustain crop production and what yields may be expected? What is our most promising and sustainable agro-ecological innovations to accomplish International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 2 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

https://www.ijcmas.com/9-2-2020/Narendra Kumar Yadav and Rajat Kumar Parit.pdf


There has been little systematic research on long-term clinical and social outcome of people who experienced potentially traumatic events in armed conflict. In particular, it is unclear how refugees differ from people who stayed in the area of conflict, and what the relative impact of social and specific health care intervention on long-term outcome is. The CONNECT addresses the related research questions. Description of the rationale, approach and methodology of the study. Results. CONNECT is a collaborative study funded by the Research Directorate of the European Commision with centres in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Germany, Italy, Mazedonia, Serbia and the United Kingdom. In each country people who experienced potentially traumatic events due to war and forced migration during the Balkan conflict will be screened and interviewed. The intended total sample will be more than 4000 people. History of potentially traumatic experiences, received social and health care interventions, current psychopathology and quality of life will be assessed. A subgroup of 800 people will be identified who suffer from ongoing symptoms of post-traumatic stress and followed up over one year period. CONNECT is the largest project of its kind that has been initiated in Europe. It is unusual in several respects and carries significant risks. The study aims to deliver important results and strengthen the collaborative academic links between the participating countries.


The database of alternatives will need to be updated continually with changes that occur as the result of regulations and their interpretation. However, even in its current preliminary state, it serves several important uses. The database can now be used to identify crop and pest situations in critical need of research. It can also be used to generate preliminary assessments of the economic impact of specific control practices or of restrictions on their use. Information in the database must be applied carefully, however, because the alternative control strategy that will ultimately be used and even its degree of universal availability may not be readily apparent. Cost and benefit considerations will affect the individual grower's choice of control strategy. We can assume that the grower will choose options that will maintain his or her competitive advantage with other growers. The analysis becomes more complex when social and environmental factors are included. Even when regulations restrict the options of all growers, and assuming that some of the restrictions would influence the cost, quality, or availability of some products, market forces will undoubtedly continue to influence what growers can produce and at what production level. Consumers of raw agricultural products, including packers and processors as well as the general public, will help to clanfy decisions for growers based upon their reaction to the changes they perceive in the cost or quality of products. This might result in changes to crop production systems that we cannot predict accurately at this time.


I would like to point out a possible ambiguity in the paper by J. Dunham, in the October issue of the Journal. When considering the relative stresses in similar steel and aluminium alloy blades the author states that for blades " doing the same duty " the maximum stress in the steel blade is three times that in the aluminium type. This would seem to be true only if both blades are made to vibrate with the same tip amplitude, whereas the term " doing the same duty" implies withstanding the same air loading, and consequently the steel and aluminium alloy blades would suffer different deflections.


I point out a simple expression for the 'Hubble' parameter H , defined by Borde, Guth and Vilenkin in their proof of past incompleteness of inflationary spacetimes. I show that the parameter H which an observer O with four-velocity v will associate with a congruence u is equal to the fractional rate of change of the magnitude ξ of the Jacobi field ξ associated with u , measured along the points of intersection of O with u , with its direction determined by v . I then analyse the time dependence of H and ξ using the geodesic deviation equation, computing these exactly for some simple spacetimes, and perturbatively for spacetimes close to maximally symmetric ones. The perturbative solutions are used to characterise the rms fluctuations in these quantities arising due to possible fluctuations in the curvature tensor.


The author considers concept "social responsibility" in the aspect of positioning of business subjects (mainly on an example of bank sphere). In the article by means of concept-analysis the perception of social responsibility by the wide public is investigated.


Regeneration is a fundamental perpetual tissue process much attributed to functions of adult stem cell. In last decades delivery of adult stem cells to restore tissue structure is widely adopted in regenerative medicine. However, delivery of stem cells can not complete the task of human body regeneration effectively as far as cells need a basis to form a tissue. Certain improvement can be achieved when cells are organized to cells sheets (CS) – primitive tissue-engineered structures comprising of viable cells and ECM proteins. This led us to an assumption that after damage an intermediate feeder is structure formed as a ground for future tissue resulting in gradients of stimuli required to attract other cells (vascular, neural, epithelial, parenchyma etc.) in an organized manner. This feeder acquires increasing heterogeneity and becomes a guiding feeder that provides basic level of organization to increase complexity of structure up to normal tissue. We also highlight potential role of adult mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) as the main source of guiding feeder and support it by our recent knowledge of their biological function. Finally, we assume that CS known to be a feasible delivery tool in therapeutics resemble guiding feeder and show our own data indicating properties of MSC-based CS. Furthermore, this concept shifts our understanding of therapeutic mechanism underlying a widely known delivery method for regenerative medicine.


In the software radio receiver,the frequency of digital signal which comes from AD front-end is up to 72 MHz.Such a high frequency makes the DSP cannot directly complete digital signal processing tasks.So how to rational design DDC which based FPGA is very important,it can reduce the digital signal frequency,and make the digital signal processing tasks convenient.In many digital signals processing system,the frequency of the Digital signal is very high.The back-end digital signal processors can hardly meet the real-time requirements;the problems above can be resolved through rational design of DDC.


The indiscriminate discharge of corrosive waste pollutants will contaminate the human environment,cause damages to certain important structures,and even threaten the durability and safety of these structures.Based on the Saixi Bridge project for the Wu-Shao Expressway in Fujian Province,this paper discusses the corrosion control measures for the bridge pier by use of strong corrosion-resistance concrete and epoxy-coated reinforcement,which can provide some reference for similar projects.


A new paradigm is presented for the control of dynamic simulations involving articulated figures. A clone of a figure is manipulated by an animator using traditional kinematic control techniques. The realized dynamic simulation is influenced by this animation through dampened spring forces that connect each link to its corresponding link in the clone. Varying tensions dictate the tightness of the correlation between the animated actions and the computed movements of the simulation. This paradigm strikes a compromise between the absolute control of kinematics and the realistic automation of dynamics. Such a compromise is often sought by animators who want realistic motion but do not want to lose the ability to impart feeling and emotion in a character.


Simple Summary Amino acid composition is among the important indexes of the nutritional composition of meat nutrients. In this study, we performed a proteomic analysis of tenderloin and flank steaks from Simmental cattle using isobaric tags for a relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) approach. Seventeen amino acids were detected in tenderloin and flank steaks, including seven essential amino acids and 10 non-essential amino acids. A comparison of the expression patterns in steaks revealed 128 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Furthermore, 27 DEPs (p < 0.05) were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Abstract Herein, we performed a proteomic analysis of tenderloin and flank steaks from Simmental cattle using the isobaric tags for a relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) approach. We identified 17 amino acids in both steaks, and Gly, Cys, Ile, Lys, and Pro differed most in abundance between the steak types (p < 0.05). A comparison of the expression patterns in steaks revealed 128 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), of which 44 were up-regulated and 84 were down-regulated. Furthermore, 27 DEPs (p < 0.05) were subjected to gene ontology (GO) analysis, and many were found to be related to oxidation-reduction, metabolism, hydrogen ion transmembrane transport, transport, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, mitochondrial electron transport, and the conversion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to ubiquinone. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis also implicated these DEPs in various signalling pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation, cardiac muscle contraction, the TCA cycle, biosynthesis, and the metabolism. These findings provide a new insight into key proteins involved in the determination of amino acid composition in beef.


This paper presents the determination of betaine content in jujube by high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) method. The borax solution was chosen as buffer solution, and its concentration was 40 mmol at a constant voltage of 20kV and injecting pressure time of 10s at 14°C. Linearity was kept in the concent ration range of 0.0113∼1.45mg of betaine with correlation coefficient of 0.9. The content of betaine in jujube was 85.91 mg/g (RSD = 16.6%) (n = 6). The recovery of betaine in jujube sample was in the range of 86.2% - 116.6% (n=3). This method is specific, simple and rapid and accurate, which is suitable for the detection of the content of betaine in jujube.


Land degradation due to change in land use and land cover (LULC) is one of the most serious global environmental problems. Public policies are important drivers of LULC change and play equally important role in promoting sustained land use. An understanding of the policies framed under different socio‐economic and political conditions and its implications helps refining the policies for sustained land use. This paper discusses the policies, legislative and institutional provisions made by the government for LULC resources, its implications with gaps and constraints for further improvement. Both published and unpublished documents – government policies, legislations, and reports; historical documents such as land grant certificates; articles and books were collected, reviewed, and analyzed covering a period of 409 years. The results show that policies and legislation were guided by different goals in different political and socio‐economic contexts, and have led different pathways. Before 1951, they were guided by royal orders with the goal of exploiting free labour, increasing land tax revenues, and gaining favor from influential people in the government resulting expansion of agricultural areas, deforestation, and reclamation of waste land. After 1951, they were focused on the redistribution of agricultural land. Later in the 1980s and 1990s, the policies were emphasized on conservation and the people's participation. Recently, the concept of land use zoning was introduced. It also shows that there are overlapping of roles and responsibilities of institutions and lack of coordination among government agencies. An effective coordination mechanism among intuitions is crucial for sustained land management.


The analysis of the frequency dispersion characteristics of the gate-drain capacitance of GaN HEMT indicates that the gate fringe capacitance is responsible for the dispersion difference between the gate-drain capacitance and circle Schottky diode. By fitting the relationship between the additional capacitance of trap and frequency, we discover that the additional capacitance of trap can meet single energy level model only under small gate bias, and meet both single and consecutive energy level model under strong reverse gate bias. The gate fringe capacitance dispersion appears after SiN passivation. It suggests that the trap observed by fringe capacitance is introduced by passivation, which lies in the surface of the ungated region between source and drain. Finally, the low frequency noise technology is used to validate the feasibility of abstracting trap parameter by the gate fringe capacitance. The time constant of single energy level trap obtained by low frequency noise technology is consistent with the result obtained by the gate fringe capacitance under strong reverse gate bias.


The X-band FEL collaboration is currently designing an X-ray free-electron laser based on X-band acceleration technology. This paper reports on the recent progress on the design of the undulator part of this machine including simulations of the X-ray production process. The basic parameters have been chosen and a beam transport system has been designed, considering strong and weak focusing of quadrupole and undulator magnets. Simulations of the Xray production process have been carried out with realistic input beam distributions from particle tracking studies of the linac design team. The expectable X-ray properties for SASE and seeded FEL operation have been investigated and also undulator taper options have been studied.


In the present study, effective thermal conductivities of wet clothing material were numerically analyzed based on a proposed heat transfer model. The following simplifications are made. The clothing material is woven with a single yarn, there is no air movement among yarns, and also mass transfer is neglected. Numerical calculations were made based on the finite difference equations of steady three-dimensional heat conduction equations for several composite materials representing wet clothing materials. The following results are obtained. The effective thermal conductivity increases with increasing thermal conductivity of yarn and of water content. It is found that the present numerical results are in good agreement with the previously measured ones. The effective thermal conductivity of wet layered materials depends on the distribution of water, and attains a maximum in the wet layer.


vivo, thirty Wistar male rats, aged five weeks old, were divided into four groups randomly as follows. The control group was fed on the standard diet; the standard diet group, low zinc experimental group, high zinc experimental group were fed on the standard, low-zinc and high-zinc diet respectively, and orally administered la-OH-D3. After four weeks of feeding, the effects of zinc and active vitamin D3 were investigated. The weight of the control group showed no significant difference from the other three groups, but the weight of the high zinc experimental group was significantly higher than that of the low zinc experiment group. The bone mineral mass of the high zinc experimental group was significantly higher than that of the low zinc experiment group, As compared with the control group on the histological observation, the low zinc experimental group showed thin bone layer, increasing of demineralized structures, and the bone lacunae surrounding Havers canaliculi irregular and loese. In the standard diet group, the Havers canaliculi, bone lacunae and thickness of bone shewed increasing tendency. The high zinc experimental. group showed sgme active characters including the active increasing in thickness of bone, density of Havers system, bone lacunae, active bone rernodeling. In the low zinc experimental group, bone resorption areas covered by loose webs of collagen fibers were wide in comparison with bone formation areas on the scanning electron micrescopic observation. In the high zinc experimental group, inactive bone matrix formation


This paper examines the effectiveness of an in-house developed e-learning system for TOEIC Test at Otaru University of Commerce. In order to see how the system helps the students to improve their listening and reading scores throughout the Spring 2014 semester, Two-way repeated measures ANOVA is conducted to three tests: before they start the system (Pre-Test); at the middle of the semester (Mid-Test); at the end of the semester (Post-Test). The findings using 206 first year students show that the listening score gradually improves; the reading score decreases, on the other hand. The extensive listening practice may affect the improvement of the listening score, while the reading practice for TOEIC in the system does not help them effectively for some possible reasons. This research will give an effective way of.improving TOEIC scores through the e-learning system.


This study has the purpose of gaining more insight into the factors that determine the
effectiveness of game-based learning (GBL). It is assumed that educational support wich
helps students in selecting the correct information and integrating this information into
existing knowledge contributes to the effectiveness of GBL. This study examines whether
pupils who are primed through questions that activate specific knowledge have higher
learning performance after playing an educational game than those who are not primed before
playing. Learning performance is measured in two ways, namely through the game score and
the score on the knowledge test. The results show that there were no significant differences in
learning performance between the two conditions; the control group, which are not primed,
and the experimental group that has been primed. Furthermore, no relationship was found
between the score on the domain-specific questions before (as a measure of the amount
activated knowledge) and the learning performance measures. Based on the results it can be
concluded that the use of domain-specific questions before learning through GBL in this
study have no positive effect on learning performance.
Key-words: game-based learning, priming, domeinspecific questions


The authors appreciate the interest shown by Gudmundsson in their paper. They wish also to correct his observation that there is a fundamental difference between the mathematical expression for the Fourier transform of the total field anomaly due to a prism, given by Bhattacharyya (1966), and the basis of that given in their paper.


The paper proposes a preliminary design of an autopilot for a fixed-winged UA. The autopilot solution was implemented in a Python on a Raspberry Pi development board. The system was fully integrated into a software-in-the-loop setup, where X-plane 11 was used to simulate the flight of the aircraft. As the airplane model, Embention F300 was used. The paper addresses pre-flight checks, and then the initial phase of the flight - take-off. The autopilot was tested on a range of airfields and under different weather conditions. To assess the performance of the proposed autopilot, a comparison with COTS autopilot Embention Veronte was performed as well.


This Letter covers the design and implementation of a generalizable system for the precise alignment of X-ray gratings. Next-generation high-energy grating-based Differential Phase Contrast (gDPC) X-ray imaging systems require precise alignment of the X-ray gratings as low as 1 mrad in rotation and 0.5 mm in translation. In this work, we designed holographic fiducial marks, consisting of four reflective Fresnel zone plates, each placed in a separate quadrant of the mark. When illuminated with a collimated laser beam, each mark creates a predefined pattern of four points, which changes quantitatively for any misalignment in each of the three translational and three rotational degrees of freedom. We fabricated the designed fiducial marks using photolithography and etching processes. The experimental system is implemented using a HeNe laser and an optical imaging system, which includes a beam expander, a plate beam splitter, and a CMOS camera, suitable for aligning practical gratings in gDPC X-ray imaging systems. Our experimental results demonstrate the rotational precision capabilities of the reported alignment system down to 0.42 mrad around the optical axis and 0.03 mrad around the axes perpendicular to the optical axis. The translational precision of 83.64 μ m along the optical axis and 1.22 μ m along the axes perpendicular to the optical axis is also demonstrated.This Letter covers the design and implementation of a generalizable system for the precise alignment of X-ray gratings. Next-generation high-energy grating-based Differential Phase Contrast (gDPC) X-ray imaging systems require precise alignment of the X-ray gratings as low as 1 mrad in rotation and 0.5 mm in translation. In this work, we designed holographic fiducial marks, consisting of four reflective Fresnel zone plates, each placed in a separate quadrant of the mark. When illuminated with a collimated laser beam, each mark creates a predefined pattern of four points, which changes quantitatively for any misalignment in each of the three translational and three rotational degrees of freedom. We fabricated the designed fiducial marks using photolithography and etching processes. The experimental system is implemented using a HeNe laser and an optical imaging system, which includes a beam expander, a plate beam splitter, and a CMOS camera, suitable for aligning practical gratings in gDPC X-ray ...


Tracking control of redundant and hyperredundant manipulators is a fundamental and critical problem in practical applications. In order to effectively decrease the end-effector position errors, a novel dual fuzzy-enhanced neurodynamic (DFEN) scheme is put forward for solving the position error accumulation problem followed by achieving accurate tracking control results. The proposed scheme is established based on a zeroing neurodynamic approach in conjunction with two fuzzy adjustment units that are capable of tuning the control parameters by monitoring the tracking error. Moreover, the DFEN scheme can effectively solve the tracking problem without requiring knowing a priori knowledge of the kinematic model of the robot. The convergence and the stability of the proposed approach are demonstrated by theoretical analysis. The effectiveness, accuracy, and robustness of the proposed DFEN scheme are verified on the simulative redundant manipulator, continuum robot, and hybrid robot (integrating the redundant manipulator and the continuum robot). A practical experiment is provided to validate the proposed scheme as well.


In order to take full advantages of the mass aviation data from the air force equipment,and find useful information which could serve the RCM(reliability centered maintenance) better,the modern data analysis technologies is introduced to current diagnostics,and an INS(inertial navigation system) condition data analysis and diagnostic system of one kind of plane is designed.This paper describes the data analysis procedure of the system,studies on the auto-reading and judgment,data filter and modification of it.Then an SVM model is presented,which contains the regression and the classification model.Based on these models,two methods are putted forward;one diagnoses the equipments by comparing the forecast value from the regression model with real value,the other by classifying the faults through condition data and corresponding fault information database.Finally a group of real data are used to verify and evaluate these methods.


If it seems like earnings announcements are the bane of stock prices, that's probably because they often are: About 70% of all price crashes in 2014 were related to earnings announcements. That's the chilling finding reported by Richard Sloan , a professor at the University of California, Berkeley 's Haas School of Business and his co-authors Korcan Ak, Steven Rossi and Scott Tracy. To help asset managers defend their portfolios—and their reputations—from stock price crashes, the authors identified five "crash-risk flags." They find that holdings with three or more flags warrant serious concern. "It's not only about avoiding crashes, but earning higher returns and lowering risk," explains Sloan.


Caregivers of the elderly and infirm are often under more stress and report lower life satisfaction than matched groups of noncaregivers. Forty caregivers of stroke patients (usually a spouse) were interviewed an average of 9 months poststroke to determine the factors associated with poorer caregiver adjustment. Four classes of variables were expected to be related to depression in caregivers: level of functioning of the patient, caregiver perceptions of increased work and burden due to the stroke, the quality of the patient-caregiver relationship, and caregivers' interpretations of their situation. Background characteristics were also measured. As predicted, variables in each class were significantly related to depression. Multiple regression analysis showed three significant independent predictors of caregiver depression. Caregivers are more depressed if the patient is more physically impaired, if caregivers report disharmony in the family, and if they have lesser perceptions of hope Ways to apply these findings to the development of interventions to ameliorate caregiver depression are discussed.


The invention discloses a laser timing signal calibrating method used for rotating mirror type scanning camera high-speed photographing, and belongs to an optical transient test technology. The method comprises the steps that step A. a rotating mirror type scanning camera starts and gradually reaches the required rotating speed, scanning resolution t is reached after rotating speed is stable, and a trigger signal is transmitted to the synchronization trigger in a timing signal generator; and step B. after the synchronization trigger acquires the trigger signal of the rotating mirror type scanning camera, a zero hour trigger signal is transmitted at the time of t0 to trigger a detonation device, the synchronization trigger triggers a laser timing signal generator after fixed time delay t1 after the time of t0 so that the laser timing signal generator is started. Pulse signals of random waveform intensity change characteristics are formed by frequency-stabilized pulse signal light generated by trigging modulation laser through the laser timing signal generator so that multiple timing signal requirements can be met. Besides, safety is high, operation is safe, pulse laser is visible, normality of working can be judged in advance before testing, loss of timing signals can be completely avoided and thus reliability is high.


The purpose. To justify scientific and technological bases of development of organic meadow culture. Methods. General scientific — hypotheses, induction and deduction, analogy, generalization; special — field, laboratory, mathematical-statistical, calculation-comparative. Results. Scientific and technological fundamentals are generated of organic meadow culture which provide implementation of complex of measures not only on production of ecologically safety feedstuff for animals with maximal use of biological factors of intensification, but also save environment, in particular soils, water sources, biodiversity. The basic practical methods of heightening productive longevity of pod-bearing plants in artificial meadow legume-cereal agro-ecosystems is correct selection of ingredients in view of ecological-biological and cenosis factors, implementation of the method of disposition of grass family and leguminous ingredients. It provides serial disposition of grass family and leguminous ingredients in separate lines with rather narrow row widths or narrow strips, substitution of leguminous ingredients on years of use in legume-cereal grass stands, etc. Conclusions. Creation of perennial artificial grass stands with increased content of pod-bearing plants is one of the most perspective directions of support of organic meadow culture. Their productivity without fertilization on grey loess soils variates within the limits of 7–10 t/hectare of dry solid matter, that in 1,7–2,5 times is more in comparison with cereal grass stand. Among legume-cereal grass stands the most productive with the greatest accumulation of symbiotic nitrogen within the limits of 150–170 kg / hectare are Lucerne-cereal coenosises. As nature protection measure on natural forage grasslands it is desirable to apply phytomelioration, when instead of importation of chemical improvers (lime, dolomite powder, gypsum, etc.), which pollute environment, it is recommended to sow perennial grasses, resistant against the heightened acidity or soil salinity.


With the advent of VLSI technology, a large collection of processing elements can be gathered to achieve high-speed computation economically. However, due to the low pin-count-to-component-count ratio, the controllability and observability of such circuits decrease significantly. As a result, the testing of such highly complex and dense circuits becomes very difficult and expensive. A testable/fault-tolerant FFT processor is proposed in this paper. We first propose a testable design scheme for FFT butterfly networks based on M-testability conditions. According to the M-testability conditions, a novel design-for-testability approach is presented and applied to the module-level systolic FFT arrays. Our M-testability conditions guarantee 100% single-module-fault testability with a minimum number of test patterns. Based on this testable design, a reconfiguration mechanism is incorporated to bypass the faulty cells and the testable/fault-tolerant structures are constructed. Special cell designs are presented to implement the design-for-testability and reconfiguration mechanisms. The reliability of the FFT system increases significantly and the hardware overhead is low-about 16% for the module-level design.


Impact is defined broadly to mean any effect on the forest environment resulting from the activities of the southern pine beetle (SPB). In this chapter we focus on social and political impact. Social impact deals with effects of the SPB on aesthetic, moral, and metaphysical values associated with forests. Two aspects of social impact are investigated: how the SPB affects recreational use of the forest environment, and how the insect affects the human habitat; i.e., the urban/ suburban environment. Political impact deals with the effects of the SPB on the forest environment that result in actions, practices, and policies of local, State, or Federal governmental agencies. The mechanism of political impact is the corpus of laws and regulations that have evolved to provide for protection, conservation, and use of public and private forests. Four important acts relating directly or indirectly to SPB political impact are examined: the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), the Endangered Species Act (ESA), the Wilderness Act, and the Healthy Forest Restoration Act (HFRA). We conclude with an examination of how corporate taxation laws have affected forest land ownership in the South and the likely consequence on SPB outbreaks in the future. Social and Political Impact of the Southern Pine Beetle Robert N. Coulson1 and James R. Meeker2 1Professor, Department of Entomology, Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 2Entomologist, USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection,


48 www.anesthesia-analgesia.org July 2017 • Volume 125 • Number 1 A 41-year-old woman presented to an outside hospital with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to influenza A virus infection. After 72 hours of ventilatory support, she was transferred to our institution for further management of refractory hypoxemia. Upon arrival, the patient was tracheally intubated. Although hemodynamically stable, she was hypoxemic and hypocarbic (pH 7.42, partial pressure of carbon dioxide [Paco2] 28 mm Hg, and partial pressure of oxygen [Pao2] 52 mm Hg). In addition, her Pao2/fraction of inspired oxygen (Fio2) ratio was 52 and mixed venous oxygen saturation (Svo2) was 75%. Her neurological examination revealed no focal deficits but an inability to follow commands. Despite maximal ventilatory support and additional use of adjunctive therapies for 48 hours (nitric oxide [iNO] at 40 parts per million, recruitment maneuvers, and prone positioning), the patient's respiratory status remained severely compromised (Pao2/Fio2 ratio 52, Svo2 73% on 100% Fio2). Point-ofcare transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed normal left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) function. Thus, given her hemodynamic stability, the decision was made to initiate venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). An Avalon Elite Bi-Caval Dual Lumen catheter (MAQUET Holding B.V. and Co. KG, Rastatt, Germany) was placed in the right internal jugular vein. This catheter has a distinct design. Proximal and distal inflow/drainage ports are located inside the lower portion of the superior vena cava (SVC) and the inferior vena cava (IVC), respectively. In addition, an outflow/reinfusion port is located at the level of the right atrium (RA; Figure 1). It is indicated for simultaneous venous drainage and reinfusion of blood via the internal jugular vein during VV-ECMO. Proper placement requires the outflow/reinfusion port located at the level of the RA and the distal portion of the catheter inside the IVC. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) guidance was used for positioning of the Avalon catheter, the distal tip of which resided inside the IVC and the outflow/reinfusion port directed toward the tricuspid valve. ECMO flow was set at 3.5 L/min and iNO was continued at 40 parts per million. Initial arterial blood gas (pH of 7.45, Paco2 32 mm Hg, Pao2/Fio2 ratio of 150 and Svo2 82%) post-ECMO insertion indicated improved oxygenation and correct VV-ECMO placement. Six hours after ECMO commencement, the patient developed wide complex tachycardia (heart rate 131 bpm and blood pressure 116/73 mm Hg) followed by hypoxemia (Pao2/Fio2 ratio of 55); her Svo2 (45%) subsequently dropped. Antiarrhythmics were given, the Fio2 was increased to 100%, ECMO flow was set at 4 L/min and her Svo2 remained unchanged. In this clinical scenario of persistent hypoxemia, Avalon catheter malposition was suspected. Bedside chest X-ray (CXR) and point-of-care TTE (SPARQ system; Philips Healthcare, Bothell, WA) were performed to assess the position of the Avalon catheter. Inspection of CXR using the twelfth thoracic vertebra as anatomic landmark suggested a distal (not reaching the IVC) and medial (toward the sternal midline) displacement of the tip of the catheter (Figure 2A). After attaining the subcostal 4 chambers (4C) view on TTE, the LV and RV function were normal and no pericardial effusion or regurgitant lesions were identified. The IVC subcostal view was then procured by rotating counter-clockwise the transducer approximately 60° up to the junction of RA and IVC. The distal tip was not found in the IVC (Figure 3A). Thus, the decision was made to reposition the catheter at the bedside under TTE guidance. First, using the subcostal IVC view, the catheter tip was visualized and subsequently redirected into the IVC (Supplemental Digital Content 1, Video 1, http://links.lww.com/AA/B672; Figure 3B). Second, the parasternal RV inflow view was procured to visualize the jet direction from the outflow/reinfusion port into the tricuspid valve with color-flow Doppler (CFD) imaging (Supplemental Digital Content 2, Video 2, http:// links.lww.com/AA/B673). After adequate positioning of the catheter (Figures 2B and 3B), an increase in Pao2/Fio2 ratio (150.1) and Svo2 (80%) was noted. She was eventually weaned off ECMO and mechanical ventilation over the following 2 weeks and discharged to a rehabilitation facility after hospital day 34. Written informed consent to publish this report was obtained from the patient's family.


Plasmas produced by capillary discharges have recently received great attention. This could be due to the possible application (soft x-ray laser microscopy and lithography), as well as to the interest in studying the physical phenomena (fusion research, intense sources of continuum and line emission). The soft x-ray lasing has been realized in a gas filled table-top system, utilizing a capillary discharge to excite 46.9 nm transition of Ne-like argon. To obtain lasing at wavelengths below 46 nm in the Ne-like isoelectronic sequence, excitation of higher Z-ions should be used. Highly uniform, high-density metal and dielectric vapor plasmas can be used for the Z-scaling of the Ar IX laser. The technique of the production of ablative plasmas with high-voltage μs discharges utilizing experimental set-up with open-geometry capillaries is discussed. Applications of the developed metal-vapor generator for the Z-scaling of the Ne-like soft x-ray laser, recently realized by our group, is considered.


In recent years, Web applications have grown rapidly because of their abilities to provide online information access to anyone at anytime around the world. As Web applications become complex, there is a growing concern about their quality and reliability. This paper extends traditional data flow testing techniques to Web applications. Several data flow issues about analyzing HyperText Markup Language (HTML) documents in Web applications are discussed. An object-based data flow testing approach is presented. The approach is based on a test model that captures data flow test artifacts of Web applications. In the test model, each entity of a Web application is modeled as an object. The data flow information of the functions within an object or across objects is then captured using various flow graphs. Based on the object-based test model, data flow test cases for a Web application can be systematically and selectively generated in five different levels.


Employment diversification is a major livelihood strategy in rural areas and is thus a focal point of the ongoing rural development debate. The issue of non-farm diversification is undoubtedly complex and its determinants are difficult to identify. Increasingly, there is a need to address, clarify and bring together theoretical concepts for analysing non-farm rural employment (NFRE). With this in mind, the objective of this paper is to summarize and link existing theories and to introduce some new aspects with regard to modelling NFRE and employment diversification. NFRE dynamics are closely interrelated with the institutional framework and its incentives and constraints. The behaviour of rural decision-makers also depends on fundamental determinants such as norms and attitudes. The Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) and the demand-pull and distress-push concept focus on the motives and the context in which diversification strategies evolve. To depict economic incentives we will introduce a welfare model which explains the labour allocation processes. We will show that benefits do not only arise for demand-pull shifters, who take up better paid non-farm employment, but also for distress-push shifters, whose incentive to engage in low-paid non-farm activities is to raise aggregate household income. Finally, the decision-making process itself will form the focus of a behaviour model. It also follows the logic of rational choice and can be integrated into the discussion of a synthesis of concepts for the analysis of NFRE. This, in turn, is meant to provide the basis for future empirical research, as well as serve as a thought-provoking impulse for policy makers.


An image is a symbolic representation; people interpret an image and associate semantics with it based on their subjective perceptions, which involves the user's knowledge, cultural background, personal feelings and so on. Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) systems must be able to interact with users and discover the current user's information needs. An interactive search paradigm that has been developed for image retrieval is machine learning with a user-in-the-loop, guided by relevance feedback, which refers to the notion of relevance of the individual image based on the current user's subjective judgment. Relevance feedback serves as an information carrier to convey the user's information needs / preferences to the retrieval system. This chapter not only provides the fundamentals of CBIR systems and relevance feedback for understanding and incorporating relevance feedback into CBIR systems, but also discusses several approaches to analyzing and learning relevance feedback.


Salmonella spp., which belong to the family of Enterobacteriaceae, play an important role in food poisoning, and are commonly found in food of animal origin. Eggs are considered to be one of the most popular food for Salmonella contamination. Analysis on eggs frequently reveal the presence of S. enteritidis (16, 20, 26, 27, 29). In most of the S. enteritidis infections of food-origin seen in humans, eggs and egg-containing foods are found to be responsible (1, 2, 25, 28). The most important route of contamination of the eggshells with Salmonella or other pathogenic agents is the fecal route (16). Immediately after the eggs are laid, or at later stages, there is the chance that the eggs become contaminated with fecal material. The microorganisms found in the fecal material may penetrate the shell and the membrane due to the vacuum-effect resulting from the loss of heat after the lay, or as a result of unfavorable storage conditions and time, and may reach the egg's contents (7, 12, 19, 23, 26, 30). This may lead to serious health risks when these eggs are consumed raw or undercooked, or when food products containing these eggs are ingested. As the transfer of the microorganisms from the shell into the inner portions of the egg results in the death of the embryo, it may also lead to important problems for chick producers. Various methods are used to remove and/or prevent the growth of both Salmonella enteritidis as well as other pathogenic agents on the eggshells (8, 13, 14, 17, 18, 22, 24, 30). Among these methods, antimicrobial agents added to the cleaning waters are commonly used. Some of the chemicals, however, may damage the shells and cuticula, and thus, may sensitize the eggs for subsequent recontamination (14, 21). Generally, benzalkonium chloride (BAC) has surfactant properties, and displays its bactericidal effect by coagulating the proteins, especially the enzymes, of the bacterial cell. Because of its good diffusion capacity, it may be used to eliminate Salmonellas from pored surfaces and eggshells. Their lack of toxicity and their effectiveness at low concentrations provide an important advantage. Davison et al. (11) have investigated the effect of various disinfectants on S. enteritidis, and suggested the use of quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC), either alone or in combination with other disinfectants in coops. Gluteraldehyde (G), on the other hand, is a potent broad-spectrum disinfectant, which preserves its effectiveness in the presence of organic substances (6, 11). Different concentrations are recommended for the use of several commercial products containing benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and glutaraldehyde (G) combinations with potent biocidal activity, which are sold for the disinfection of eggshells. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of benzalkonium chloride (BAC), and benzalkonium chloride/ glutaraldehyde (BAC/G) combination on the viability and number of S. enteritidis found on eggshells, when applied for different periods of time.


A system and method for dynamically updating almanac of base stations by the radio telephone which is controlled by the dynamic position almanac An end user relates to a radio base station. First, second, and third location information of a first, respectively received from the second, and third wireless phones. Each wireless device location is known. Taking into account the uncertainty factor distance between each wireless device and uncooperative base station is determined. The position of the non-cooperative base station, the first, is calculated using the second and third location information and the distance. The almanac is updated with the location. .FIELD 5


The nursing facility industry has provided a high level of fire safety according to statistics from the NFPA. To keep and improve this record, fire safety in the design and construction of nursing facilities must be a priority. Since the ground work of fire safety is laid in the design phase and finalized in the construction phase, such a priority will help lower initial and operating costs, improve the function of the facility, and provide a fire safe environment for residents and staff.


Econophysics,formed in a decade ago,is a new approach which applies concepts,theories and methods associated with physics to analyze economic phenomena and to solve the economic problem,which not only expandes the scope of the study of physics,but also gives a great supplement in the research methods of economics.Article presents the first study of scholars on the econophysical status,elaborates its definition of the discipline,the research methods used and results achieved,and discusses the physical system to establish the feasibility and necessity of the economy.Finally,Article states problems in the study process of econophysics to promote the growth of the discipline of econophysics,making a few constructive comments for researchers.


The article discusses the results of the study of etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lesions of dental hard tissues, caries and their complications. The experimental study was carried out at the Department of Dentistry of the Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin, Tambov, for the period from 2019 to 2021 based on the data obtained in the course of dental research of etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lesions of dental hard tissues, caries and their complications. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that its theoretical provisions and the empirical results obtained can be used by dentists for further research in this area of dentistry. The relevance of the study of etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lesions of dental hard tissues, caries and their complications is beyond doubt in modern society. Thus, many aspects of the study of dentistry have found their place in the ontological field of dental problematic, revealing particular and special studies of etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lesions of dental hard tissues, caries and their complications. It can be concluded that the study of etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lesions of dental hard tissues, caries and their complications fell out of sight of researchers for a long time.


It is now possible to devise miniaturised sensors with substantial internal computing power. This makes commonplace the use of such mathematical procedures as Fourier Transformation within the sensor. It does not seem to be widely understood that, because of the properties of the well-known Fourier delay function, very large errors can be introduced by a normally negligible delay in the signal acquisition process. It is therefore essential to apply a special calibration process to such sensors when they are used in the stimulus-response mode.


This plant has a very large opportunity to be developed on ex-mining land, considering that this plant is an adaptive non-timber forest product plant that grows and produces naturally without inoculation (injection) on ex-mining land: limestone, nickel, rocky sand, tin and coal. and added witharbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and liquid organic fertilizer such as Yomari on Aquilaria malacensis Lamk. AMF is able to increase root growth, root range, so that it can facilitate roots to absorb water and nutrients through external hyphae and later obtained quality seeds which have many and strong roots. Yomari liquid organic fertilizer has high organic and nutrient content, can increase soil organisms and improve soil pH and. This study aimed to obtain the best interaction between the dose of AMF and the concentration of Yomari liquid organic fertilizer on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk seedlings. in the ex-limestone mine soil, the best dose of AMF was obtained on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk seedlings. in limestone ex- mining soil and the best concentration of Yomari organic fertilizer on the growth of Aquilaria malacensis Lamk. in the former limestone quarry. This research was conducted from June to November 2022 in the nursery of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University. This study used a factorial experimental method in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely the first factor was the administration of the AMF dose which consisted of 5 levels: 0.0 grams (C0); 15 grams (C2); 30 grams (C3) and 45 grams (C4) and the second factor concentration of Yomari organic fertilizer consisted of 5 levels: 0.00 ppm (Y0); 25.00 ppm (Y1); 50.00 (Y2); 75.00 ppm (Y3) and 100.00 ppm (Y4), each treatment level consisted of 4 replications. Observational data in the form of qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed using the F-test at a significance level of 5%. The different effects on the treatment were analyzed by further test of LSD at 5% level. Observations were made including: percentage of live seedlings, increase in seedling height, increase in number of leaves, widest leaf width, root weight, and percentage of roots infected by AMF on lime-mined soil media. There is an interaction between the dose of AMF and the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth of agarwood-producing plant seeds (Aquilaria malacensis Lamk.)) on the ex-limestone mining soil. Giving a dose of AMF 45 grams with a concentration of 100 ppm liquid organic fertilizer was the best in increasing the percentage of life, increasing the number leaves, increase in plant seed height, widest leaf width, percentage of agarwood-producing plant seeds infected with AMF.


Heteronormativity, homophobia and homosexuality – mapping for an inclusive church The aim of the article is to indicate that heteronormativity has prevailed from pre-modern times to the modern world. The article argues that heteronormativity, embedded in a patriarchal mind-set, is central to the dynamics of belief patterns which determine, among others, gender roles, heterosexual marriage and sexual ethics which manifest in insider-outsider love-hate relationships. Aversion to sexual minorities (those who are not heterosexual) is a consequence. The article explores the following: the interconnection of sexuality, marriage and religion; the connection between homophobia and heteronormativity, and how these influence the sexual ethics of the church. In light of the above, the article focuses on the hatred of gays as a consequence of heteronormativity. It explains how an approach to Scripture which uncritically accepts patriarchy, could lead to the justification of homophobia. The article proposes biblical theological perspectives for a postmodern church which is inclusive and loyal to the spirit of the Christian gospel.


The administration of the extract from Rhaponticum carthamoides (150 mg/kg, p.o., for 10 days) in combination with dosed low-power exercise in rats with experimental myocardial infarction led to an improvement of hemorheological indices, which was manifested by a decrease in the whole blood viscosity, aggregation of erythrocytes, and increase in erythrocyte deformability. In particular, the extract from R. carthamoides contributed to an increase in the hematocrit/blood viscosity, which was indicative of an improvement of the blood overall oxygen transport capacity. In addition, administration of the extract in combination with dosed exercise favored normalization of the lactate and pyruvate concentrations in blood of rats with myocardial infarction.


Objective To investigate the effect of neurolysis for the peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome in upper extremities.Methods Neurolysis was performed in 94 patients presented with peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome in upper extremities from January 1995 to June 2008.Ulnar nerve anterior transposition was performed at the same time for cubital tunnel syndrome.The outcome was evaluated according to BMRC criteria.Results 71 patients were followed up.The follow-up period was 6 months to 4 years.Of 71 nerves 31 were excellent,25 good,10 fair,5 poor.Conclusion Surgical procedure should be performed if nerve function does not recover after conservative treatment or the treatment of peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome in upper extremities.The compressed nerves should be thorough lysis to get a good result.


With the coming of the knowledge-based economy era, the management of knowledge has become more and more important. In this paper, the management of knowledge and its implementation in college libraries are stated.


Phenol and its derivatives are hazardous pollutants that are highly toxic even at low concentrations. The management of wastewater containing high concentrations of phenols represents major economical and environmental challenges to most industries. Biotechnology has been very effective in dealing with major environmental challenges through utilizing different types of bacteria and biocatalysts to develop innovative processes for the biodegradation, biotreatment, and biosorption of various contaminants and wide range of hazardous materials. Biological treatment has proved to be the most promising and most economical approach for the removal of many organic water pollutants such as phenol. Numerous studies have been published in the literature dealing with the biodegradation of phenols utilizing different types of biomasses and different types of reactors. The authors offer a comprehensive review of the present research on the biodegradation of phenols and presents trends for future research and development, with emphasis on an integrated approach that may be adopted to get synergistically enhanced removal rates and to treat the contaminated effluents in an ecologically favorable process.


the contribution of learning styles is undeniable in the educational. Several learning styles exist in the literature. Their use in the field of e-learning remains limited to certain learning styles only. With rapid technological development, their use in e-learning systems has proven its worth, particularly in terms of personalizing learning paths. But with the transition to mobile technologies, it has become necessary to study how much use can be made of these learning styles in a mobile environment. In this paper we spread out the most relevant learning styles, while putting the focus mainly on the Felder-Silverman learning style models since they remain the most used ones in adaptive learning systems, and then we will analyze how well various learning styles can be modified to work within the limitations of mobile learning settings.


Many biological processes are basically nonlinear in nature and should be described as such in empirical modelling. Advantages of nonlinear regression models over their linear counterparts are discussed briefly. Examples of several nonlinear regression models useful in forestry are given and demonstrated graphically. With the ever-increasing availability of nonlinear regression rountines, it is hoped that more foresters will use such models in their research work and data analysis.


General Editor's Introduction / Nancy H. Hornberger.- Introduction to Volume 9: Ecology of Language / Angela Creese and Peter Martin.- Contributors.- Reviewers.- Section 1: Historical and Theoretical Perspectives.- 1. A Human Rights Perspective on Language Ecology / Tove Skutnabb-Kangas and Robert Phillipson.- 2. The Ecology of Language: Insight and Illusion / John Edwards


This letter analyzes the outage probability of an ambient backscatter communication system with a pair of passive tag and reader. Specifically, exact expressions of the effective channel distribution and outage probability of the reader are derived rigorously. Since the outage expression is an infinite sum, a tight truncation error bound is provided to facilitate numerical evaluations. The relative truncation error drops rapidly even for very few terms. In addition, an asymptotic outage expression is derived for the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime, which matches well with the exact value even for the moderate SNR.


A petroleum refinery secondary effluent was treated using two freezing techniques—spray freezing and unidirectional downward freezing (UDF). The freezing processes were effective to remove toxicity and total organic carbon (TOC)‐ and chemical oxygen demand (COD)‐causing materials in the effluent. Agitation of the liquid during UDF significantly improved the impurity separation efficiency; 85 to 96% removal of TOC and COD was achieved without any pretreatment and freezing only 70% of the feed water. The treatment efficiency of the spray freezing was at the same level as that of UDF without mixing. The spray ice with longer storage time released more contaminants with early meltwater. The initial contaminant concentration of the feed water and the freezing temperatures (−10°C and −25°C) had no significant influence on the treatment efficiency. A small fluctuation in effluent TOC concentration caused a dramatic change in effluent toxicity (Microtox). The effective concentration (EC 20) (Microtox) was effective in detecting effluent toxicity.


Verifying a safe locomotion of cognitive cars is indispensable for their participation in road traffic. This paper suggests an approach for verifying safety by computing reachable sets for the position of relevant traffic participants, i.e. a cognitive car as well as moving objects in its environment. In order to account for the uncertainty in the behavior of traffic participants, a stochastic setting is chosen, in which Markov chains represent the positions probabilistically. An efficient online algorithm is presented that leads to the result whether the reachable sets of different traffic participants can intersect, meaning that the control strategy of the cognitive car is possibly unsafe.


Safe level of daylighting for artefact conservation in historic buildings is a difficult task to achieve. Previous studies indicated that lighting problems in historic museum galleries were mainly due to unshaded walls that allowed direct sun penetration over the display areas. Ceiling geometry can also affect the daylighting performance significantly, particularly on the interior distribution of light. Malaysia, with hot and humid climate, and tropical sky conditions receives plenty of natural light all year around. The fluxes in natural lighting exposures confirm the need for strategic daylight control programme in the exhibition gallery. The study aims to assess the ceiling geometry contribution for four orientations; North, East, South and West through computer simulations. The research approach was based on comparisons between pitched and flat ceiling simulation output data. Further comparisons were performed with the recommended lighting limits for conservation of artefacts. The comparisons allowed better understanding of light damage issues and highlight the control of daylighting distributions through realistic predictive images and ceiling geometry designs. The results showed that the types of exhibits materials and its placement are affected by the ceiling geometry and constant changes in natural lighting exposure. The study confirms that ceiling geometry can act as a control mechanism with the environment physical features as part of preventive conservation criteria in the exhibition gallery. Thus, a systematic light-monitoring programme in the exhibition gallery is necessary to control illuminance level and cumulative exposure limits, for artefact preservation.


This paper describes our experiences building and working with the reference implementation of myVocs (my Virtual Organization Collaboration System). myVocs provides a flexible environment for exploring new approaches to security, application development, and access control built from Internet services without a central identity repository. The myVocs framework enables virtual organization (VO) self‐management across unrelated security domains for multiple, unrelated VOs. By leveraging the emerging distributed identity management infrastructure. myVocs provides an accessible, secure collaborative environment using standards for federated identity management and open‐source software developed through the National Science Foundation Middleware Initiative. The Shibboleth software, an early implementation of the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards Security Assertion Markup Language standard for browser single sign‐on, provides the middleware needed to assert identity and attributes across domains so that access control decisions can be determined at each resource based on local policy. The eduPerson object class for lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP) provides standardized naming, format, and semantics for a global identifier. We have found that a Shibboleth deployment supporting VOs requires the addition of a new VO service component allowing VOs to manage their own membership and control access to their distributed resources. The myVocs system can be integrated with Grid authentication and authorization using GridShib. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The main objective of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the role of the four different types of representations and translations in statistical problem solving (SPS) in Greek primary school. Specifically, this study investigates the abilities of 3rd, 5th and 6th grade primary school indigenous students and immigrants in using representations of basic statistical concepts and in moving from one representation to another. The samples of the studies consisted of students of primary schools in Greece. The results of this study reveal that indigenous students have not acquired sufficient abilities for transformation from one representation system to another. Results reveal the differential effects of each form of representation on the performance of the two groups of students and the improvement of performance with age of indigenous students.


BPJS Kesehatan is a government-established Non-Profit Organization (NPO) in Indonesia that provides health insurance services to the entire population. The Department of Extension, Monitoring, and Participant Examination is responsible for expanding the participant base. Digital strategies have been implemented to improve efficiency of the performance, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. However, there have been obstacles in reaching participant targets in 2020 and 2021. To measure the organization's digital maturity level and develop appropriate digital strategies, a mixed research method combining qualitative and quantitative approaches was used. Interviews and questionnaires were conducted with seven individuals directly involved in that department. The research identified four levels of digital maturity: Lagging, Adapting, Mature, and Best Practice. The average maturity level was found to be 2.63, ranging between Adapting and Mature. The research identified 27 indicators and categorized into five categories by 5 different theories: Digital Security, Communications, Data Management, Hardware & Infrastructure, and Program Management. Five digital strategies were recommended based on these categories: information and data literacy, communication and collaboration, digital content creation, security, and problem-solving. The study also contributes academically by combining digital maturity theories from TechSoup and Microsoft, focusing on the digital transformation of NPOs. Practical guidelines and recommendations were provided to BPJS Kesehatan Kupang for developing digital strategies. The adoption of appropriate digital technology can improve efficiency, participant registration, satisfaction, and community benefits. By implementing the right strategies, BPJS Kesehatan Kupang can effectively achieve participant expansion goals and contribute to research on NPOs in the healthcare sector in Indonesia.


An arrangement in a telephone system (TS1) that includes: - at least one mobile radiotelephone (M1, M3) to be connected by radio to a mobile radiotelephony network (MTN1, MTN2) in the telephone system (TS1) through of a radio link (R1); and - at least one fixed telephone terminal (S1), characterized in that - each of the fixed telephone terminal (S1) and the mobile radio telephone (M1) has a short-range transceiver (BT2, BT1) for intercommunication via a communication link. short-range wireless communication (SWL1) between transceivers (BT2, BT1); and - the fixed telephone terminal (S1) is arranged to communicate over the mobile radiotelephony network (MTN1) via the mobile radiotelephone (M1) using the short-range wireless communication link (SWL1); and - the fixed terminal has a controller device (6) connected to the short range transceiver (BT2), the controller device (6) being arranged to support telephony from the fixed telephone terminal (S1) by the mobile radiotelephony network (MTN1) through said mobile radiotelephone (M1, M3) using the short-range wireless communication link (SWL1).


The search for oil dates to the 1850s, and, since continuous overtime improvements and enhancements to the available technologies have been introduced. However, the quest for continuous improvements is directly related to the advantages and ease of exploitation of this nature given resource. Currently, concepts of formation evaluation, which is the analysis of subsurface formation characteristics, such as lithology, porosity, permeability, and saturation, are acquired by methods such as wireline well logging, real-time logging while drilling and core analysis. The advantage of core analysis (coring) fully leans on the ability to retrieve cores as close as possible to the actual reservoir's properties, hence porosity and permeability can be more precisely evaluated. The main aim of this project is to prove that it is possible to core and log at the same time, thus saving time and increasing the accuracy of the coring points.
 First phase of this trial as technological innovation is an Advanced Coring System (ACS), which cuts the core while logging, and contemplates gamma ray and resistivity sensors within the core Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) itself, close to the core head.
 Due to the presence of electronic components within the coring equipment, the core diameter was limited to a 3 in. OD core.
 The first trial was done on a middle east onshore field during Q3 of 2022. The main objective was to ensure that reservoir information (gamma ray, inclination, vibration, temperature) was being acquired real time while using the Intelligent Coring System (ICS) to enable retrieval and interpretation of downhole data. The coring BHA was composed by a coring head, the Logging While Coring (LWC) tool, wired outer barrels, wired spacers and stabilizers, a drop ball sub, and an MWD module.
 The coring assembly was successful at cutting and recovering the target core interval with good performance, comparable to standard coring BHA, however, the main objective of the trial, the LWC was not achieved. The MWD experienced malfunctions, hence no real-time gamma ray data was transmitted to surface. After POOH the assembly was laid down, and preliminary investigation at the rig site showed the showed fluid invasion of the electronics components, impairing the memory data retrieval. As a last resort, the memory board was disassembled and taken to the manufacturer's laboratory to attempt data recovery. Unfortunately, the board was damaged beyond repair due to the fluid ingress and the memory data was unretrievable.
 The ICS is a novel technology, potentially disruptive of the way coring is done today: A coring system, which combines coring and real-time formation evaluation. A second innovative technology is under development, is the Downhole Convertible Drill Bit a system that allows downhole conversion between coring and drilling modes, thus saving several round trips. This system is to be tested in field applications.


Summary Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) is a rare malignancy. Total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) were included in the main treatment. The present authors evaluate the feasibility of fertility-sparing management in a patient with low-grade ESS who desired childbearing. The patient aged 24 years presented without symptom. She received laparoscopic myomectomy with endobag morcellation of local resection of the mass with uterine reconstruction. The postoperative pathohistologic analysis showed estrogen receptor (±), progesterone receptor (+), then the adjuvant hormonal therapy was given with megestrol acetate 320 mg/day for six months. She received close follow-up which included clinical examination, tumor markers, abdominal and pelvic ultra- sound, and yearly pelvic MRI. Thirty-five months after surgery, no evidence of recurrence was observed throughout this period. The


Background: Serum Creatinine (SCr) is the most widely used endogenous marker of GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate), expressed as its serum concentration or renal clearance. Estimated GFR (eGFR) have been devised for more valid estimate of GFR. Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of eGFR in screening of kidney failure. Material and Methods: 370 subjects including 100 healthy controls, 100 diabetic patients, 100 patients with CVD and 70 patients with both DM and CVD were selected. They were analysed for SCr and eGFR was calculated by the 4 variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation using QxMD nephrology calculator. Results: Variations in SCr levels among the study groups as compared to controls was not statistically significant (p>0.01). Decrease in e-GFR in study groups i.e. DM (p<0.0001), CVD (p<0.01) and DM with CVD (p<0.001) as compared to controls was found statistically significant. Conclusion: For early diagnosis of preventable renal impairment, eGFR can be routinely implemented in renal


Erbium-doped planar optical amplifiers can find numerous applications in photonic integrated circuits operating at 1.5 micrometers . The challenge is to fabricate these devices with high gain, operating at low pump power, and having small overall size. In this paper a review is given of our recent work in the area of Er-doped waveguide materials and amplifiers based on three materials classes: oxide films (Al2O3, Y2O3, SiO2), polymers, and silicon.