According to the analysis of International Energy Agency(IEA), carbon capture and storage (CCS) is an important emissions reduction technology, contributing one-fifth of the total emissions reductions globally through 2050. CCS is the only currently available technology that can allow industrial sectors, such as iron and steel, cement, natural gas processing, etc., to meet deep emissions reduction goals. To date, no large power plants (i.e., hundreds of megawatts [MW] and up) with CCS exist and progress in CCS is not as expected, so the CCS development trends and the economic feasibility are critically essential to control effectively the global warming. In recent years, the constructions of nuclear and coal-fired power plants are faced with great difficulties in Taiwan, resulting in the rapid increase of expensive natural gas combined-cycle plant (NGCC) with the proportion of 24.6%. After the Fukushima nuclear accident, Taiwan government announced a new energy policy, that the existing nuclear power plants do not extend their life. Therefore, the high-share expensive NGCC phenomenon will become increasingly serious.


The dynamic partial sorting problem asks for an algorithm that maintains lists of numbers under the link, cut and change value operations, and queries the sorted sequence of the $k$ least numbers in one of the lists. We first solve the problem in $O(k\log (n))$ time for queries and $O(\log (n))$ time for updates using the tournament tree data structure, where $n$ is the number of elements in the lists. We then introduce a layered tournament tree data structure and solve the same problem in $O(\log_\varphi^* (n) k\log (k))$ time for queries and $O\left(\log (n)\cdot\log^2\log (n)\right)$ for updates, where $\varphi$ is the golden ratio and $\log_\varphi^*(n)$ is the iterated logarithmic function with base $\varphi$.


Peatland fires in Indonesia tend to be more active during El Niño-related droughts, with the exception of fires in North Sumatra. As North Sumatra is located north of the equator and is affected by the winter and summer monsoons, fires tend to be more active not only during the dry main season from January to March, but also in June and August due to short-term droughts. Due to these complex fire trends, no appropriate fire-related indices have been found in North Sumatra. In this paper, 20 years of fire (hotspot (HS) data from 2003 to 2022, weather data (hourly and daily), and various satellite data were used to analyze fire weather conditions in Dumai plantation areas. Analysis results of 20 fire incidents (largest fires (HSs) of each year) showed the following fire weather conditions: high wind speeds (>19 km h−1), high temperatures (>33 °C), and low relative humidity (<50%). Based on the results of fire and weather analyses, several fire-related indices selected from various satellite-measured data were examined. Precipitable water vapor has the highest negative correlation with fires. It is hoped that this new fire index will be used for fire prevention not only Sumatra but also in other areas in Indonesia.


When a company wants to achieve success it does merely have to satisfy customers, it has to do better than competitors, hence competitive analysis is a main concern developing strategies. The success is not a permanent phenomenon in changing and increasingly competitive markets. Where the smaller companies before lost out to the bigger competitors just solely based on price, they now face competition on other attributes such as quality. The large corporations are taking more and more market share from the mainstreas companies because they offer more value for al ower price, therefore earning them the name "value players".


In order to improve the technological level of sensor manufacturing and enhance the quality and reliability of mass-produced sensors,the statistical process control(SPC) in sensor manufacturing is studied.With the basic point of view that reliability rests with design and manufacturing,a viewpoint is given,in which high quality components are manufactured in high level statistical-controlled product line.SPC is used in production processes.The processes are monitored,technological processes are stable and controlled,the technique is optimized,and the manufacturing level of product line is improved.With application of SPC in sensor manufacturing,the rate of finished products in the key process is raised to 99% from 89%.Implementation of SPC technique ensures the intrinsic product quality,geared to international market,and product competitiveness improved.


Background: Most common lesions found in brain on neuroimaging are ring-enhancing lesions. These can be caused by a variety of infectious, neoplastic, inflammatory or vascular diseases. Distinguishing imaging characteristics of non-neoplastic causes from neoplastic lesions is extremely important because a misdiagnosis can lead to unwarranted neurosurgery and exposure to toxic chemotherapy or potentially harmful brain irradiation. Advanced diagnostic techniques, such as Magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy, may help in establishing the etiology. The basic intention of this study is to describe the characteristic Magnetic resonance imaging findings in various ring enhancing lesions which will help in their characterization. Objectives: To study the characteristic MR imaging and MR spectroscopic findings of various ring enhancing lesions and their differential diagnosis on MRI brain. Methods: 40 patients (males=22; females=18) were evaluated in this study conducted at Govt medical college (GMC SRINAGAR), from JULY to DEC 2018 over a period of 6 months. MRI along with MRS was performed using 3T siemens Magnetom skyra in patients ranging from ages of 10-70 years. Results: 40 patients were evaluated out of those 18 cases were tuberculomas, 10 abcesses,, 6 metastasis, 4 cases of primary brain tumor 1 case of NCC and 1case of demyelinating lesions. Seizures are the commonest presenting complaint seen in 25 cases. Interpretation & Conclusion: On the basis of this study we conclude that Magnetic resonance imaging coupled with Magnetic resonance spectroscopy provides the fairly accurate diagnosis in differentiating various ring enhancing lesions of brain and helps to narrow the long list of differential diagnosis of ring enhancing lesions in brain.


The present invention relates to a coupling seal assembly for transporting a high pressure fluid-abrasive between the non-rotating conduit member and the type rotatable conduit member. The seal assembly includes a second ceramic seal member fixed to the first ceramic floating said one member and a rotatable conduit member is fixed to the non-rotating conduit member type. The service life of the seal assemblies is substantially increase under high pressure and high speed rotation. Drilling operations, the wash pipe, said rotary work assembly, abrasive fluids, ceramic seal member.


The invention discloses a method for producing a rich-titanium material by using Panzhihua ilmenite. The method comprises the following steps of oxidizing Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate in air at high temperature; reducing the oxidized ilmenite through H2/CO mixed gases; and rusting and separating the reduced ilmenite material in an NH4Cl solution. The method comprises the following specific steps: a, screening the Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate, placing into a muffle furnace and oxidizing in air at high temperature, and naturally cooling after preserving heat; b, crushing bonded Panzhihua ilmenite particles after oxidation and then placing into the muffle furnace for reducing, rising the temperature under an N2 atmosphere and then introducing the H2/CO mixed gases for reducing and roasting to obtain reduced ilmenite; and c, rusting and separating the reduced ilmenite; and screening rusted products to obtain the rich-titanium material and an oxidation product of iron, wherein the granularity of the rich-titanium material is +48mu m, the content of TiO2 is 74.31 percent, and the recovery rate reaches 98.9 percent. According to the method, by means of oxidization modification, the process is simple and the convenience in operation is realized; and the ilmenite can be efficiently reduced, the reduction metallization rate of the ilmenite is improved, and recycling of iron is facilitated.


The research problem is to determine the ability of geography teachers in managing classes at SMA Negeri 2 Tondano. This study used qualitative research methods with the research informants is geography teachers, amounting to 3 teachers with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that 1) the skills to create a good learning atmosphere, the geography teacher of SMA Negeri 2 Tondano have provided instructions, given admonitions, gave verbal and visual attention and focused attention in learning, 2) the ability of class mastery in the learning process with steps the teacher does, namely creating good interactions, creating a good atmosphere, creating learning flexibility and instilling discipline, 3) the ability to manage the interaction of learning activities, the steps taken by the teacher, namely focusing attention in learning, providing clear instructions about learning, providing reinforcement, provide motivation, and give admonitions and organize the learning space, 4) classroom arrangement skills with the steps the teacher takes in relation to class arrangement skills in the form of arranging student seating positions and preparing students to receive lessons, arranging the location of facilities who are in the classroom and organize the study room.


Fluorine-containing β-amino acids and their derivatives have attracted significant attention due to their importance in life sciences. Herein the previously unknown difluoroketenimine, the analogue of the elusive difluoroketene, has been generated by the reaction of difluorocarbene and isocyanide, which further undergoes [2+2] cycloaddition with imine. The three-component reaction affords α,α-difluoro-β-amino amides in good yields. Mechanistic studies reveal the unique properties of the difluoroketenimine in the [2+2] cycloaddition with imine.


Provides brief descriptions of some 2000 rare and endangered plants. The plants are listed under different families in alphabetical order, and descriptions of the family is presented only at its first mention. The rarity categories of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) have been used for characterization of species: extinct or probably extinct, endangered, vulnerable (decreasing in population strength), and rare.


Introduction: Several studies point out that dental products, such as fluoride varnishes, are able to promote remineralization and to control the development of the carious process. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of fluoropolymers varnishes used for prophylaxis and non-invasive treatment of initial caries d1, d2 in children 4 to 6 years. Material and Methods: Non-invasive treatment of lesions d1a, d1b and d2. After processing results and highlights of the actual study was conducted by the data processing package for mathematical and statistical analysis SPSS v 20.0. Results: In a 4-year-olds observed at (2.7 times higher), and the average lesion before treatment was 11,35 ± 2,41(t=12,43,p<0.001). At 5 and 6 year olds difference before and after treatment was 2.6 times the average value of the lesions prior to treatment with 5 year is 11,25 ± 2,47, and at 6-year was 11,15 ± 2,23 (respectively t = 12,01, p <0,001 for 5 years and t = 12,93, p <0,001 for 6 years). Conclusion: Clinpro TM White Varnish with TCP (Tri-Calcium phosphate) (3M) is effective in reducing demineralization in subsurface layer.


Species invasion was identified as one of the main factors in biodiversity loss and it has been the subject of multilateral agreements among countries under the Convention of Biological Diversity to protect the natural environment. One of the more cryptic but potentially devastating invasion events of recent times in the Philippines is the one caused by species of Pterygoplichthys or locally known as janitor fish. In this paper, we provide an appraisal of this invasion event in several areas we surveyed were Pterygoplichthys spp. has been introduced. We performed: 1) a taxonomic survey of collected Pterygoplichthys specimens in localities in the Luzon Island; 2) an ecological survey of waterways in the localities; and 3) field interviews of people during the visits. Our results show that the eight sites visited have been invaded by Pterygoplichthys spp. Invasion stages range from Stage II to Stage V. The invasion situation at each site is discussed. In this paper, we also offer insights on a multiple founding event for Pterygoplichthys spp., as well asits implications to local policies on management and mitigation on species invasions.


Correspondence Address: Betül Baykan, İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Nöroloji Anabilim Dalı, Klinik Nörofizyoloji Bilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye E-mail: email@example.com Received: 27.07.2016 Accepted: 01.08.2016 ©Copyright 2016 by Turkish Association of Neuropsychiatry Available online at www.noropskiyatriarsivi.com Even though nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) always evokes great interest among the neuropsychiatric community, its mysteries remain still uncovered despite remarkable advances in neuroscience. Due to the marked heterogeneity in clinical features and lack of a uniform diagnostic clue, its diagnosis largely depends on clinical awareness and high rates of suspicion to order an EEG. This editorial will focus on several areas of NCSE shortly, with comments on some recent work and developments in the field.


SUMMARY Aim: The study was aimed to investigate the role of cumulative intraperitoneally (I.P) doses (60 µmol/ Kg) of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on oxidative damage induced with irradiation (6 Gy fractionated dose of gamma rays) and/ or cumulative oral doses (100 mg/kg for six consecutive days) of 1- nitropyrene (1-NP) in liver and lung of rats. Methods: Ninety six male albino rats were divided into three experiments [Irradiated (IRR), 1-NP and IRR+ 1-NP experiments] each has four groups of eight rats: normal control, CAPE, oxidative stress factors (IRR and/ or 1- NP), and CAPE + oxidative stress factors. CAPE was injected along with radiation and/ or 1-NP administration. Serum alkaline phospatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and lactate dehydroginase (LDH) concentrations were estimated as well as liver and lung malonaldehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Results: Serum activity of liver enzymes, LDH and tissues MDA levels increased accompanied with a decrease of GSH content in oxidative stress groups as compared to control groups. CAPE administration ameliorates the disturbance in serum enzyme activities and tissue oxidative stress markers. Conclusion: So one can concluded that CAPE may ameliorate the effect of oxidative change in both liver and lung induced by environmental pollutants exposure, strengthening the antioxidant defense system via reducing reactive oxygen species and increasing antioxidant enzyme activities.


The study was designed to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of mulberry leaf flavonoids(MLF) on adenine induced hyperuricemia and renal failture in rats.SD rats with hyperuricemia and renal failure were induced by adenine intragastrically,and then given MLF for 3 w.The items related with high serum uric acid and kidney injury were observed.MLF can effetively lower serum uric acid,having a similar effect to allopurinal,and effectively lower urea nitrogen,creatinine,malonaldehyde,triglyceride,free fatty acid level,and the relative weights of liver and kidney.The results showed that MLF can interfere with adenine induced hyperuricemia and renal failure in rats.


In this paper, the resonant frequency of a dual-mode dielectric resonator is calculated using a finite difference time-domain method. A new type of bandpass filter is designed with the calculated coupling coefficient. The filter designed in this paper has reached the design goal, verified by simulation with Ansoft HFSS.


Jonathan Belcher: Colonial Governor. By Michael C. Batinski. Lexington, 1996 (University Press of Kentucky, 603 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40508-4008). In cloth $29.95. Jonathan Belcher (1683-1757) will be known to most readers of this journal as the Governor of Massachusetts (1730-1741) who played factional politics with a vengeance and was undone by the even greater guile of partisans of his successor, William Shirley, during the Land Bank Crisis. Batinski's achievement, although he does not slight Belcher the politician, is to position him skillfully at the intersection of the history of several colonies and several worlds. The author is thereby able to use Belcher as a representative figure whose varied activities illuminate the nature of provincial America during the early eighteenth century. The son of a self-made, domineering Boston merchant who sent him on a tour of Europe in his early twenties, Belcher obtained a cosmopolitan perspective on his native land and its place in the imperial firmament denied to most of his generation. The experience gave him a keen appreciation of the need to cultivate favor at court -- which he did at times with nauseating obsequiousness -- but also renewed devotion to the piety of his ancestors. Listening from youth to the sermons of Puritan ministers who cast the ideal ruler as a latter-day Nehemiah, symbolically restoring the chosen people to their true origins, Belcher went out of his way to promote Indian missions, check the progress of Anglicanism, support the Quakers (who were instrumental in 1746 in obtaining his appointment as Governor of New Jersey), and further the activities of evangelicals such as Jonathan Edwards in Western Massachusetts and Aaron Burr in New Jersey. The crowning achievement of his life was shepherding through a contentious and divided provincial legislature the charter of the College of New Jersey, which is now known as Princeton University. Batinski tries to make sense of Belcher's multi-faceted and paradoxical if not contradictory life, but one gets the feeling he is attempting a hopeless task. Belcher bullied his own two sons as he had been bullied by his father: they did not marry until they were nearly fifty years old. Despite his evangelical beliefs and devotion to Massachusetts, he spent thousands of pounds supporting Jonathan, Jr. in the British Isles, including a futile bid for a seat in the House of Commons With his own father Andrew he was attacked by Boston mobs for exporting grain during food shortages, a selfish lapse from his professed devotion to his native land. …


PURPOSE: Diffusion-weighted MRI techniques have shown great poten- tial in evaluating tumor cellularity and response to therapy. However, recent advances in diffusion models such as NODDI that probe underlying tis- sue microstructure in normal brain have not been compared to histopathological findings in patients with brain tumors. The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between intracellular volume fraction (V ic ), a measure of tissue microstructure derived from the NODDI diffusion model, and histopathological features of glioma compared to that of the standard Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) metric calculated from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). METHODS: A total of 92 image-guided tissue samples from 29 patients with astrocytic gliomas were analyzed. Imaging data included two-shell diffusion-weighted imaging data (24 gradient directions, b=1000 s/mm 2 and 55 directions, b=2000 s/mm 2 ) and standard anatomi- cal imaging. Histopathological analysis of acquired tissue samples included tumor grade, tumor score, cellularity, microvascular hyperplasia (MVH), and Ki67. RESULTS: While ADC and V ic were both significantly correlated with cellularity in contrast-enhancing tissue samples from patients with GBM (p<0.05; Spearman rank correlation), only V ic from the NODDI model was associated with tumor score (p<0.002, ordinal logistic regres- sion). V ic values were also significantly different between tissue samples with tumor scores of 2 and 3, while ADC values differentiated tumor scores of 0 and 1 (all p<0.05, Wilcoxon rank-sum). When including all tumor grades, both ADC and V ic , were correlated with Ki67 (p<0.005 ADC, p<0.00001 V ic ; Spearman rank correlation) and associated with MVH (p<0.001 ADC, p<0.0001 V ic ; ordinal logistic regression). CONCLUSIONS: Our initial results suggest that NODDI parameters may be more specific to aggressive tumor microstructure in GBM and complement conventional DTI metrics in identifying active tumor. Current analyses are evaluating the relationship between these metrics and molecular markers related to outcome in order to explore the prognostic value of these new diffusion metrics. BACKGROUND: Treatment of GBM has evolved from whole brain radiotherapy (RT) to involved field RT. MRI is remaining the gold standard for defining the target volume in GBM despite the availability and affordability. The standard of care is to fuse MRI with planning CT for target delineation. We are investigating target delineation without MRI in low resource set up. MATERIAL & METHODS: From Feb 2011 to Jan 2014, eighty out of 218 patients of Glioblastoma were analyzed who had all three sequences, e.g. Pre-Radiotherapy T1W contrast MRI, 15 seconds & 10 Minutes post contrast planning CT scan. Planning CECT images were acquired after 15 seconds & 10 minutes post IV contrast with adequate immobilization. Target was delineated in all three sequences separately. Tar- get was defined as contrast enhanced lesions and surgical cavity excluding surrounding edema in consensus with radiologist & Neurosurgeon. Three target volumes were abbreviated as GTV_Immediate, GTV_Delayed, and GTV_MRI. RESULTS: Mean time to acquire post-surgery MRI and Radio- therapy Planning CECT was 45 (range 33-60) days and 50(range 30-60) days. Mean target volume of immediate, delayed, and MRI were 41.20cc (0 – 140cc), 58.20cc (4.57-165.35cc) and 63.78cc (5.41-200cc), respectively. Mean volumes were compared with paired T-test between immediate Vs. Delayed, Delayed Vs. MRI and volume difference between Immediate & Delayed Vs. volume difference between Delayed & MRI which showed p < 0.0001 (df=79,CI=19.58-12.4), p < 0.0001 (df=79, CI=10.1-3.05), and p < 0.0001(df=79,CI=14.87-7.32) respectively. CONCLUSION: Though MRI is the gold standard for target delineation in GBM, MRI acquired in non-ideal conditions may cause a gross increase in the target volume. Delayed CECT can help in fairly estimating the actual target volume and sometimes underlines the limitations of MRI. Based on our results we may propose a delayed RT planning CECT in place of Immediate CECT for target volume delineation in glioblastoma. The accurate identification of glioblastoma progression remains an unmet clinical need. The of this prospective single-institutional study to determine and validate thresholds for the main metabolite concentra- tions obtained by MR spectroscopy (MRS) and the values of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)


Bomb threatening case can not be merely regarded as common criminal case. We should consider its interior cause and take reconsider for it, and seek the positive ways.


Horizontal low cyclic loading test is conducted on concrete columns reinforced by Steel-FRP (fiber reinforced polymer) composite bar (SFCB) and ordinary reinforced concrete (RC) columns, with axial compression ratios of 0.12, and fiber types and steel/fiber ratios of SFCB as the main variable parameters. Seismic behaviours such as f ailure mode, h ysteretic curve, s tiffness d egradation, an d r esidual d isplacement (deformation r estoring capacity) are thoroughly investigated in the test. The results show that 1) concrete columns reinforced by SFCB have an obvious and stable post-yield stiffness, small residual displacement, as well as better recoverability; 2) post-yield s tiffness should be measured by magnitude and effective length; and 3) the seismic performance o f columns reinforced by steel-BFRP (basalt f iber reinforcement polymer) composite bar (SBFCB) is better than that reinforced by steel-CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) composite bar (SCFCB).


Olivine‐hosted melt inclusions have the potential to provide direct evidence about the nature of the mantle sources of magmas. In this study, we report the major and trace element and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotope compositions of the Lijiang picrites from the Emeishan large igneous province, as well as major and trace element and Pb isotopic compositions of olivine‐hosted melt inclusions in the picrites. Using these data, we infer the nature of the mantle sources for the Lijiang high‐Ti picrites (Ti/Y = 645–654), and compare them with the Dali low‐Ti picrites (Ti/Y = 351–408). Lijiang melt inclusions have highly heterogeneous Pb isotope compositions (208Pb/206Pb = 2.015–2.201, 207Pb/206Pb = 0.812–0.882, 260 Ma age‐corrected) that overlap the majority of the fields from FOZO to enriched mantle 1 (EM1). The primitive mantle‐normalized trace element patterns of these melt inclusions reveal an enriched composition with depletions in Ba, Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf. We suggest that an old recycled GLOSS II‐like sediment was probably the main component that imparted the EM1 signature into the sources of the Lijiang picrites. Furthermore, we reverse calculated the mantle potential temperature (Tp) beneath Lijiang and Dali using the Al‐in‐ol temperature. The estimated mantle Tp beneath Lijiang is lower than Dali. We infer that the Lijiang picrites might have originated from the mantle plume with lower thermal energy, corresponding to the waning stage of the axis of the Emeishan mantle plume. Our study suggest that high‐Ti magmas of the Emeishan large igneous province were derived from those parts or stages of the mantle plume with lower thermal energy.


[Abstract]: This dissertation is a documentation for the creation of a Structural design, quotation and production support system using parametric CAD tools and national and international standards for fluid storage systems. The project looks at establishing a parametric tool for bolted unanchored panel tanks with the use of SolidWorks's integrated program DriveWorksXpress. The object of which were to,
- Develop a feature based bill of materials
- Automate engineering and part drawings
- Provide an inlet/outlet orientation function
- Have a 3D representation of the tank

Methods for obtaining these objectives were to use MS Access to develop the bill of materials using a database aspect to retain inputted tank information and with DriveWorksXpress part dimensions could be captured and altered based on user input and standards that govern the construction and design of tanks. Results from which varied as issues arose with capability and programming requirements. Which leaves future work open to a variety of opportunities.


New properties of the multiplicity distributions predicted by higher order QCD and their physical origin are discussed briefly. Several studies which can be performed at HERA are proposed. Talk presented at the Joint International Workshop: VIIIth Workshop on High Energy Physics and Quantum Field Theory and IIIth Workshop on Physics at VLEPP (Zvenigorod, Russia, September 15-21, 1993) 1 e-Print version of [1].


Aim: The aim of this study was to assess pain, functional status, anxiety, depression, social activity, and social support and their interactions in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to assess possible differences by gender, marital status, age, duration of disease, and co-morbidity. Methods: Pain intensity was assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), functional disability by the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire – Disability Index (HAQ-DI), anxiety by the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), depression by the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), social activity by the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2 (AIMS2) with scale of Social Activity (SA), and social support (SO) by AIMS2 with scale Support from family and friend in 60 elderly with RA. Results: There were found average strong pain, moderate to severe functional disability, moderate anxiety and moderate-to-marked depression, and limitation in social activity in elderly with RA. The best score was found in scale of social support. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) mild to severe relations were confirmed between explored objectives by Pearson's correlations. Between genders no significant differences were recorded. Worse score (p ≤ 0.05) was detected in anxiety and social support in elderly living alone compared to married elderly. Between age and anxiety, duration of disease and depression, co-morbidity and functional disability, and depression were confirmed significant (p ≤ 0.05) positive relationships. Conclusion: According to results, not only pain reduction and improving/maintaining of functional status is the priority of care in elderly with RA, but also reduction of anxiety and depression is important, mainly in older, with longer duration of disease, co-morbidity and also for elderly living alone.


After reconfiguration of the low energy (35 keV) and the medium energy (750 keV) transport lines in 2009-10, the Brookhaven linac is now delivering the highest intensity beam since it was built in 1970 (~120 μA average current of H - to the Brookhaven Linac Isotope Producer). It is also now delivering lower emittance polarized H- ion beam for the polarized program at RHIC. To increase the intensity further, we are replacing the buncher in the 750 keV line with one with higher Q value, to allow operation at higher power. Also, to improve polarization, we are replacing the magnetic solenoid before the RFQ in the 35 keV line by a solenoid-einzel lens combination. The paper will report on the results of these changes.


A lattice-gas algorithm for the one-dimensional diffusion equation is realized using radio frequency pulses in a one-dimensional spin system. The model is a large array of quantum two-qubit nodes interconnected by the nearest-neighbor classical communication channels. We present a quantum protocol for implementation of the quantum collision operator and a method for initialization and reinitialization of quantum states. Numerical simulations of the quantum-classical dynamics are in good agreement with the analytic solution for the diffusion equation.


The shorter process time is always better for turnaround time (TAT) and cost reduction in semiconductor manufacturing. In this paper, two machine learning (ML) models, e.g., Neural Network (NN) and Support Vector Regression (SVR), are adopted for the enhancement of ash rate in a plasma ash process. By the use of ash rate data recorded from design of experiments (DoE), the model of NN and SVR affords the fitting with R2 value of 0.999 and 0.782, respectively, after training and >97% accuracy from the test validations. Two new ash recipes predicted by NN and SVR models are proved to show 5.4% and 4.2% faster ash rate than the data of Process of Record (POR). Moreover, they give 1.0% and 3.6% error between the actual and predicted ash rates. As a result, the NN-based ash recipe became the new POR in terms of faster TAT.


Abstract Please click here to download the map associated with this article. Ribbed moraines are large subglacially formed transverse ridges that cover extensive areas of the beds of the former Laurentide, Fennoscandian and Irish ice sheets. Since the flow speeds and stability of ice sheets are known to be sensitive to conditions operating at the bed, a full understanding of the processes of ribbed moraine genesis are critical if we are to appreciate their role in ice sheet dynamics. To date, advances in knowledge on how ribbed moraines are formed rely on inferences drawn from their characteristics. However, this approach is problematic given that ribbed moraine characteristics are poorly known. Scrutiny of the literature reveals that detailed observations are limited to small areas and rely on small sample sizes. Thus, generalisations drawn from this base cannot be regarded as being representative and remain an inadequate data source for testing the various hypotheses. The map forms part of a large study that investigated ribbed moraine characteristics in Ireland, Canada and Sweden over a combined area of 81,000 km2 that has addressed this deficit. It shows the distribution of ribbed moraine ridges in the Lac Naococane region, central Québec and covers an area of 32,400 km2. It comprises over 12,800 individual ridges and forms part of a database of over 33,000 individually mapped landforms which reveal ribbed moraine characteristics to be more complex than has hitherto been reported.


In this puper,the author analyzes the social mental state of Nan-Chao-Yuefu reflecting which embodies sadness,pursuing love,enjoying woman beauty as well as philandering woman,and fur ther discovers the causd of this phenomenon and influence of the later literature.


when our dauntless President asked me to discuss this difficult topic, I recalled a policy adopted recently by The New York Times. For many years The Times has been provoking many caustic com ments for publishing so many faulty predictions of the following day's weather. Recently the paper added a statement of yesterday's weather. It has been remarkably accurate. As is true of The Times, I can report the past better than the future. I should tell you, however, that I have reached the conclu sion that deciding present or future policies in our field on the basis of past experience alone is exceedingly risky business. My recon siderations of the past have convinced me that the environment in which a child has lived and which he occupies now is a most potent teacher, more inescapable, more insistent even than teachers and schools. The child's reading abilities and activities are largely an expression of the kind of life which his environment, broadly speak ing, has initiated and nourished. The world of today is very different even from that of a recent yesterday, and more dramatic changes will probably appear tomor row. We should now recognize, as the scientists and engineers who developed space flight did, that many old policies and practices must be brushed aside if we are to realize achievements that are now possible. And so I shall not glorify the Good Old Days. The Good Old Days are too often the embellishment of bad old memories and prejudices. I urge you rather to glory in the bright promises of tomorrow. We are, however, still following many practices that were shown to be faulty even in 1920, and are even more inappropriate today. Consider, for example, the practice of depending upon mass methods of teaching reading. School programs based on basal read ers and workbooks, upon whole group demonstrations and instruc tion, never have been sufficiently adaptable to meet individual differences. The task is being made steadily more difficult by power ful environmental factors which result in our youngsters' becom ing more, not less, different. They are now so unlike that clusters within a typical schoolroom are often finding each other intolerable. Although today's teachers are better equipped and more adaptable 231


Objective: Head and neck cancers are a heterogeneous group of malignancies, affecting various sites with differing prognoses. Accurate and reliable stratification of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) for prediction of outcomes continues to be very challenging. The TNM staging system for HNSCCs is an important tool for reporting and defining treatment. However, there is increasing evidence for the role of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV) in the pathogenesis of oropharyngeal SCC and predictive of a better prognoses. We have shown that Puerto Ricans have a high percentage of HPV-positive HNSCC particularly in the larynx. The goal of this study is to evaluate the relevance of HPV-positivity in the prediction of HNSCC patient9s outcome together with the TNM staging system. Methods: Patients presenting to our department with HNSCC until 2005 and whose treatment was surgical were in included in this study. Survival trends (Kaplan-Meier survival curves) were used to evaluate survival differences according to anatomic subsite, HPV status, risk factors and clinicopathological characteristics. Results: One hundred eight -four patients were included in the study with a median follow-up of 59 months. Distribution according to specific tumor sites was 86 (46.7%) in the larynx; 70 (38%) in the oral cavity, 16 (8.7%) in the oropharynx, and 12 (6.5%) in the hypopharynx. The highest incidence of HPV – positive was in the oropharynx (67%). Multivariate analysis showed that HPV had an independent prognostic effect on the overall survival after adjusting other confounding factors such as histological grade, TNM stage and tobacco usage. The patient of HPV-positive laryngeal SCC showed a statistically longer absolute (p Conclusion: HPV status on HNSCC patients is a determinant factor in the survival of such patients dependent on tumor site and should be considered in addition to the actual TNM staging system. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3200. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3200


For the K-quasimeromorphic mappings in the plane,it gives finite positive number order sequences of filling circle of K-quasimeromorphic functions and proves the existence of Borel direction of their K-quasimeromorphic functions.


A new combination, Euphorbia trialata (Huft) V.W. Steinm., is made to accommodate Chamaesyce trialata Huft within Euphorbia. In addition, Adelia virgata Brandegee, a later homonym of Adelia virgata Poir. (= Flueggea tinctoria (L.) G.L. Webster), is given the new name Adelia brandegeei V.W. Steinm.


i Acknowledgements iii List of Figures vii List of Tables ix List of Abbreviations x Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Literature review 3 2.


Preface Employment Relationship Forums and Remedies for Individual Contract Disputes Employer Rights Creating, Modifying, and Ending the Contract Individual Contract Clauses Just Cause and Evaluation Statutes and At Will Conclusion Index


Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is a minimally invasive technique for destroying localized solid tumors by heating with light. An obstacle to widespread adoption of LITT is the lack of adequate control of heating of surrounding healthy tissue and prevention of tissue and fiber-tip charring. An LITT thermal dose controller was developed to address these issues. The goal of the controller is to deliver prescribed thermal dose at a target location in tissue in a present treatment time. The developed feedback controller has a cascade structure with primary thermal dose control loop continuously generating the reference temperature for the secondary, constrained, model predictive temperature controller. The performance of controller was evaluated in simulated linear and non-linear tissue models and in albumen phantoms. The control system demonstrated the ability to achieve treatment goals across all evaluation models by delivering 240 eq. min dose at 5 mm in various preset treatment times.


The present study was undertaken by the investigator to add a new range and interesting ideas which can break monotony and give a touch of novelty in designing of bolero jackets using abstract motifs.Bolero jackets contribute to create a variety of styles which can provide a different look with fashion needs. Thirty abstract motifs were collected and best 5 motifs were selected for the designing of bolero jackets. Various types of designs were prepared using different features for bolero jackets. Finally, five designs were selected to construct prototypes on the basis of consumer preferences.Selected motifs were digitally printed on bolero jackets. Then prototypes were constructed and evaluated. Developed garments were successful to achieve the objectives of the study. All prototypes were liked by the respondents. Thus, the designing of bolero jackets was found very creative and useful for consumers.Present study has fulfilled its objectives with high performance of appreciation.


A record amplifier span of 105 km has been achieved in a soliton transmission experiment at 10 Gbit/s by making use of in-line synchronous modulation in a recirculating loop. Transmission over 1 Mm demonstrates once more the efficiency of this type of technique.


The only previous work known to us on the polaron problem in atomic lattices gives a result which would mean that polarons of the adiabatic type (in the first approximation, a self-trapping state with static deformation) should exist in crystals such as Ge and Si. (The method used in dealing with the elastic energy is shown to be in error.) We have reconsidered the problem and found that most probably the reverse is the case. The problem is then investigated on the basis of the perturbation theory. It is shown that the volume change, strongest at the electron, extends essentially as far as one de Broglie wave length of an electron moving with the speed of sound; beyond this distance, the elastic displacement is of the 1/r 2 type. The volume changearound the electron totals E/(a+4/3μ)(E being the deformation potential constant, a and μ beingrespectively the bulk and shear molulus). This local volume change induces a uniform strain in the specimen, the two effects together gives a total volume change E/a. The elastic deformation caused by an electron in a hydrogen-like impurity state is also considered. The total volume effect turns out to be identical with the above. The effect is quite considerable; for instance, it can be comparable with the observed volume change caused by a Ⅲ,Ⅴ type of impurity atom in a Ge or Si lattice. Energy change of a low speed electron in a conduction band is roughly ((electron mass)/(mass of lattice cell))(E/(kΘ D ))E which amounts to 0.001-0.1 eV for E=1-10 eV in Ge. The corresponding change in effective mass is 1/1000-1/10 electron mass. The energy change for an electron in a hydrogen-like impurity state is much smaller, it thus appears theoretically possible that the electron-lattice interaction may render an impurity state unstable against ionization!


Classification of sounds present in the environment is a major issue in the field of audio pattern recognition and classification. For gaining insights into the frequency and time features of Log-Mel Spectrogram with higher efficiency, the Neural Network model is implemented to give the classified audio output which can be further used for various use cases. In this research work, we have considered, both overlapping and non-overlapping audio data, and considered generic input features such as MFCC, bit depth, sampling rate etc. We conducted experiments with various deep learning models based on variants of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Performance evaluation is carried out on the most popular datasets such as UrbanSound8k, DCASE, and AudioSet. Our proposed model using 13-layered CNN has achieved a mean Average Precision (mAP) of up to 0.42. In this paper we have shown the significance of our model using overlapping sounds compared to the state-of-the-art models.


Bioconcentration factors, uptake rate constants and elimination rate constants of a series of organophosphorous pesticides were determined in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata). The results of these three toxicokinetic parameters were related to measured octanol/water partition coefficients (Kow). A simple one-compartment model fitted the uptake and elimination characteristics of the chemicals. A biphasic relationship was observed between log k1 (uptake rate constant) and log Kow, whereas elimination rate constants were inversely related to Kow. For some of the test compounds substantially higher elimination rates were found, compared to isolipophilic chlorobenzenes, which resulted in lower bioconcentration factors. This divergent behavior is discussed in view of possible biotransformation reactions for these compounds.


To enable stable pump module operation at increased temperatures we have optimized our latest pump laser generation using multi-dimensional simulation tools. Poisson's equation, carrier continuity equations, and heat transport are solved self-consistently with the optical modes and the quantum-well carrier dynamics.


Photovoltaic (PV) farms can supply vital merits to the electrical systems economically and environmentally. Nevertheless, the variation of the PV power leads to technical challenges under partially shaded conditions (PSC). For this reason, Global maximum power point (GMPP) tracking represents a critical mechanism for power optimization uncertainty to guarantee system stability. In this study, a novel hybrid algorithm for GMPP tracking for a PV system under PSC is presented. The proposed hybrid system integrates machine learning (ML) Ensemble RUSBoosted tree (ERBT) and Metaheuristic Linear Programming (LP) to solve optimization problems under PSC with a fast response time and good convergence speed. The integration of ERBT-LP combines the benefits of the two algorithms into a single model. The presented algorithms have been tested and validated using MATLAB SIMULINK environment with very promising results.


Purpose – This study aims to investigate the different channels reference librarians receive reference inquiries from patrons in university libraries in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire was used to collect data on the various channels through which reference librarians received reference inquiries in Nigerian university libraries. The questionnaire was administered using an online method. Findings – It emerged that the face-to-face traditional reference desk was rated as the highest channel through which librarians receive reference inquiries in Nigeria, followed by library Facebook page and phone/short message service (SMS). Instant messaging (IM) and e-mail were identified as the least used channels by the patrons. The challenges mentioned include the absence of policy statements concerning virtual reference services; the lack of information and communications technology (ICT) skills on the part of librarians; slow Internet connectivity; power failures; management's lack of support...


The identification of steering wheel angle belongs to vehicle handling inverse dynamics problems. A new method based generalized regression neural network was proposed to identify the steering wheel angle,and a driver-vehicle model was built and verified by real vehicle tests.MATLAB was used to solve the problem normally to get generalized regression neural network training samples,then the generalized regression neural network was used to establish a nonlinear mapping model using vehicle state parameters to identify the steering wheel angle.Generalized regression neural network model has better robustness and interference immunity.Compared with radial basis function network,generalized regression neural network has higher recognition accuracy. Vehicle simulation is conducted by the ADAMS / CAR module,which shows that the generalized regression neural network can establish a more precise identification for steering wheel angle than radial basis function network,and is coherent well with the ADAMS / CAR simulation.


Integration of a GNSS receiver with additional inertial sensors can significantly improve the performance and reliability of the train position locator (TPL). However, if the TPL is intended for safety related applications like signalling and train control, it should also be robust to sensor and system failures. This means that the locator must meet the high safety integrity design and have its own diagnostics capable of providing timely warnings to a user in the case of a failure. This paper deals with the high integrity architecture of the TPL. The architecture consists of the two fundamental subsystems: 1) the dual navigation system providing the state vector estimate by means of the two independent navigation loops and 2) autonomous safety integrity monitor (AIM) which continuously checks the safety integrity status of the locator. The state vector estimator is based on the indirect robust Kalman filter which continuously corrects the gyro-odometry positioning subsystem by means of the GNSS receiver. The employed microwave Doppler speedometer and the accelerometer provide necessary redundancy for the sensor data validation and integrity monitoring. The design of the AIM results from the already specified user safety requirements. The basic principle and states of the AIM are described in terms of the position error, protection level and horizontal alert limit. The failure recognition methodology by means of the hypotheses testing is outlined. The performance of the AIM is measured by means of the probabilities of missed detection and false alarm and other parameters.


This paper investigates some aspects of control by using large-order finite element models and low-order controllers for suppression of vibration (active damping), in terms of both controller simulation and design. It is fundamental for understanding interaction in an actively controlled structure to have an accurate model. The basis structure as well as active elements can be modeled with appropriate elements within a finite element (FE) code. It leads to rather complex FE models in particular if 3-D modeling is applied. Optimal sensor and actuator location and collocation are not topics of the current paper. However complex the FE model might be, it always lacks in reality. Moreover, model reduction techniques are necessary to make a controller design feasible. To close the gap between the FE model and reality, experimental modal identification is used to correct the FE model with an updating procedure before putting to use the controller design and simulation. To integrate controller design methods and the simulation of control action into an FE package, appropriate interfaces between structure and controller have to be designed. From the control system designer's point of view, the definition of these interfaces must absolutely take into consideration the nature of the plant and the possible control design methods. The control of mechanical structures will in most cases be a multiple input—multiple output (MIMO) problem. To do all that preliminary work before testing and final tuning on real structure within the FE system is a challenging undertaking, but it can reduce the number of experiments necessary for final design of the controller. And, on the other hand, influences on the controller of change in the structure can be examined. The paper concludes with four examples of different complexity to illustrate methods and tools that can be very helpful in design and testing of structural controllers.


The importance of Internet in our lives today cannot be overemphasized. So much so that access to Internet has been declared a fundamental right of citizens in several countries such as Finland, Spain, and Greece [1]. In most of the developed countries, high-speed Internet connectivity is enabled through wired communication infrastructure such as Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) and Very high bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL). Unfortunately, the situation is not particularly encouraging in developing countries due to non-availability of such a pervasive communication infrastructure. The difference in the fiber-deployed-to-population ratio across developed and developing countries further underscores this disparity; while this ratio is 1.2 in USA, it is barely 0.1 in India [2]. Owing to this inadequacy of fiber/DSL availability, cellular access technology has emerged as the primary broadband access mechanism in developing countries.
However, the penetration of cellular network is limited in rural areas as its deployment becomes unviable due to challenges such as low average revenue per user, sparse population density, and intermittent availability of electricity. This situation leaves majority of the rural people unconnected thereby creating a massive rural urban digital divide. The next generation cellular system along with the use of unlicensed Wi-Fi Technology can bridge this divide if we overcome the above-mentioned challenges. However, since the Fifth Generation (5G) cellular technology has focus on requirements such as 10 Gbps data rate, 1 ms latency, and very high speed mobility, the problems of coverage and affordability are likely to persist, further widening the digital divide [3]. This article explains how Wi-Fi is being used for affordable high speed broadband in rural areas. A successfully implemented case study of Jharkhand state is also presented, and it can be adopted as reliable business model for 5G or 5G type services in rural areas [4].


Mean 2-hour area under the curve (AUC) C-peptide levels at 1 year remain the primary endpoint for most intervention trials in subjects with new onset T1D. Comparisons of efficacy across T1D intervention trials with positive outcomes remain limited. We performed a cross-trial comparison of the NIH TrialNet sponsored new-onset rituximab, abatacept, low-dose anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) (2.5mg/kg), and ATG/GCSF trials and the NIH ITN sponsored high-dose ATG (6.5mg/kg), alefacept, and teplizumab trials. One-year study group mean AUC C-peptides were adjusted for baseline C-peptide and age and compared to their internal control to retain individual study effects. To further compare differences in AUC C-peptide across trials, rituximab was used as a reference and percent increase compared to rituximab effect was calculated. Using this methodology, low-dose ATG (164%) and teplizumab (171%) provided for the largest relative improvements in AUC C-peptide. Percent effects over rituximab of the other studies were: high-dose ATG (-43%), alefacept (33%), abatacept (37%) and ATG/GCSF (45%). Despite the limitations of meta-like analyses and the notable differences in control group AUC C-peptides, these data strongly support the notion that low-dose ATG and teplizumab provide for the greatest relative preservation of AUC C-peptide amongst recently completed new onset T1D interventions. Disclosure M.J. Haller: Advisory Panel; Self; Pancreum, SAB Biotherapeutics. M.N. Greco: None. D. Schatz: None. M.A. Atkinson: None. T.M. Brusko: Advisory Panel; Self; Caladrius Biosciences, Inc. Board Member; Self; OneVax, LLC. L.M. Jacobsen: None. K.C. Herold: Consultant; Self; Provention Bio, Roche Pharma. S.E. Gitelman: Advisory Panel; Self; Avortes, Intermountain Therapeutics, Lilly Diabetes, Tolerion, Inc. Research Support; Self; Caladrius Biosciences, Inc., Janssen Research & Development. Other Relationship; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc. J. Krischer: None. B.N. Bundy: None. Funding The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust; National Institutes of Health; JDRF; Sanofi; Amgen Inc.; McJunkin Family Charitable Foundation


ABSTRACT Reported here is the production of recombinant human rhinovirus 14 (HRV14) 2A protease from bacterial cells transformed with a heat-inducible plasmid containing the HRV14 2A cDNA sequence. Overexpressed 2A protein partitioned into the inclusion bodies was solubilized in urea and then refolded in the presence of Zn2+. Transition metals were required for the restoration of 2A protease activity as a structural component, but appeared to be inhibitory if added exogenously once the enzyme was refolded. Based on the cleavage specificity studies, a colorimetric assay was developed for the highly purified HRV14 2A protease. A peptide with the sequence RKGDIKSY–p-nitroanilide was found to be cleaved by the 2A protease with a k cat/Km ratio of ∼335 M−1s−1, which allows its activity to be measured continuously with a spectrophotometer or a microplate reader.


A multilevel inverter is implemented for generating the required staircase AC voltage of output from various steps of voltages of DC sources. The multilevel inverter gives a better harmonic spectrum and a compatible quality of output. This article delves into an analytical analysis of the total harmonic distortion (THD) of different multilevel inverters which employ a multicarrier PWM technique. This technique is implemented for operating the switches at their respective angle of conduction. This paper deals with various cascaded H-Bridge multilevel inverters (CMI) with various loads that are modelled by implementing the MATLAB/Simulink platform. The output gives a better result of the proposed model in terms that it is helpful towards reducing the THD and the losses of switching.


The Job Training Partnership Act of 1982 (JTPA) constituted the most recent, successful attempt by the Reagan administration to devolve increased domestic program authority to the states using the block grant approach. Because of its heavy reliance on the participation of state governments and the private sector, JTPA may prove to be the real "acid test" of the Reagan New Federalism. This article examines the implementation of JTPA in broad perspective. While preparations for the JTPA program began in most states during the early part of 1983, the program did not really begin its first official program year until 1 July 1984. After describing the major features of the act, the article focuses on the program's implementation. The analysis is based largely on the results of a nationwide study conducted under the direction of the authors during 1984. The article concludes that, in terms of its legislative provisions and effective implementation, JTPA has proved to be a "quasi-block grant" to the states.


This paper introduces automatic methods that support intentional nonuniform power or current sharing in multi-module DC-DC converter configurations. Sharing that is proportional to ratings or to external weighting values is supported. The methods extend to input-series output-parallel and input-parallel output-series connections as well as to conventional parallel-parallel configurations.


The invention discloses a method for producing high-purity L-arabinose. The method comprises the steps of: adopting waste slag separated before slag bagasse papermaking, namely bagasse pith, as raw materials, and then conducting preprocessing, acidolysis, purification and chromatograph separation to obtain the arabinose. The production technique has the advantages of being short in production process, high in arabinose purity, high in yield, low in cost and capable of obtaining byproduct xylose.


This entry overviews the trend and status quo of crime and punishment in Taiwan. Background and distinguishing features of the Taiwanese criminal justice are concisely introduced. More fundamentally, statistics of recent crimes in Taiwan are collected in order to show the patterns of crime events and the corresponding components. The correlation between the annual economic growth rate and the total number of reported crime events in Taiwan is systematically analyzed for the benefit of an in-depth knowledge of the Taiwanese crime and punishment. Finally, a discussion of items of retributive punishment such as imprisonment terms, life sentence, and the death penalty is provided.

Keywords:

crime and punishment;
crime rate;
imprisonment;
Taiwan


Schema theory is a very important content in English reading comprehension. In cognitive psychology, schema theory can explain the mental process of reading comprehension. The theory thinks that reading comprehension is an interactive process between the information of input, namely, the reading materials and knowledge of readers'brain, namely, background knowledge. This paper explains the basic concepts about schema theory to disclose the mental process of reading comprehension and then puts forward some methods about how to use the theory in practice to improve the learners'reading comprehension.


To explore the inducer which can raise the induction frequency of parthenogenesis in Triticum aestivum L..On the seventh day of emasculation,use the pollen of hexaploid triticale to pollinate the F1 of Triticum aestivum L..varieties to induce parthenogenesis.The results indicated that induction frequency of hexaploid tritical is higher than that of rye,and the difference is notable in biometry.Comparing with rye,the hexaploid tritical is more valuable in inducing parthenogenesis of Triticum aestivum L..


A new multipole perfectly matched layer (PML) formulation is presented. Based on the stretched-coordinate approach, the formulation that utilizes a recursive integration concept in its development, introduces a PML stretching function that is created as the sum of any given number of complex-frequency shifted (CFS) constituent poles. Complete formulae for up to a three-pole formulation, to facilitate its implementation in finite-difference time-domain codes, are developed. The performance of this new multipole formulation compares favorably with existing higher order PMLs that instead utilize stretching functions that are developed as the product of elementary CFS constituent poles. It is argued that the optimization of the new multipole PML (MPML) could be more straightforward when compared to that of a higher order PML due to the absence of extra terms generated by the process of multiplication used in the development of the overall PML stretching function in higher order PMLs. The new MPML is found to perform very well when compared to standard CFS-PMLs requiring equivalent computational resources.


PURPOSE: A semiconductor memory device is provided to repair a fail select line when two or more fail select lines are generated by a short circuit between select lines. CONSTITUTION: The semiconductor memory device comprises: a plurality of select lines(s10 to s1(n-1)) for reading or writing data by selecting a particular memory cell of plural memory cells on the basis of an address signal(Add) supplied from the exterior; at least first one redundancy select line(slj0) disposed at ends of the select lines; at least second one redundancy select line(slj1) disposed at the other ends of the select lines; and a switch circuit(2) for connecting a plurality of decode signal lines decoding the address signal(Add) so as to be replaced to the select lines and the redundancy select lines, wherein when a fail is generated at the plurality of select lines, a first switching operation for shifting at least one of the decode signal lines to a direction of the first redundancy select line or a second switching operation for shifting at least one of the decode signal lines to a direction of the second redundancy select line is performed, or the first and second switching operations are performed.


A vertical type die casting machine, comprises a smelting furnace mechanism (1), a mold closing mechanism (2), a control box (3), a base (4) and a main motor (6). The mold closing mechanism is a vertical mold closing mechanism, comprising a mold closing oil cylinder (201), a top plate (207), a movable template (209), a static template (211), a guide pillar (204), a column (202), a base (212) and an linkage (205). The smelting furnace mechanism comprises an injection oil cylinder (101), a crucible (102), a heating chamber (103), a material injection bar (111), an injection chamber (105) and a nozzle (106). The nozzle is inserted into a hole at the centre of the static template, the piston bar of the injection oil cylinder is adopted to drive the material injection bar to move, the molten metal is rapidly extruded from the injection chamber and pressed into a die by the nozzle. The amount of the molten metal can be accurately controlled, the automatic control is realized, the operation speed is rapid, the vertical type die casting machine is in particular suitable for die-casting metal insert piece on the article.


A 70-year-old, otherwise healthy man presented to his primary care provider for an annual checkup, at which time a nontender right testicular mass was noted. He denied any symptoms, and his serum alpha-fetoprotein and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels were normal.


Based on the 7-link dynamic model in the sagittal plane and the 5-link dynamic model in the lateral plane, the parametric gait of the biped robot is designed using walking velocity, step length and height of the hip. According to the condition of the stability, body swings forward and backward to dynamically balance in sagittal plane and the whole biped swings left and right to dynamically balance in lateral plane. And the genetic algorithm is applied to obtain the optimal parameters on condition of keeping dynamic stability and the minimizing of the value of the dynamic balance.


A model of the switched reluctance motor(SRM) based on structural parameters were presented.On the base of analyzing and simplification of the SRM,the structural parameters to calculate the inner reluctances of the SRM were used.A 3-phase 12/8 structure prototype SRM was simulated using the proposed model.The effectiveness of the method was demonstrated by the simulation result.


Fep electrets show a single peak around 21OOC for short polarization times. However when the polarization time or the corona cumnt are increased, changes either in the maximum or, in the position of the peak occur. At the same time a new broad current band in the range between 100-180°C appears, while a liquid is formed over the electret surface. Measurements of the charge centroid show no detectable change in its location. The results are tentatively explained in terms of surface traps becoming shallower.


Propranolol caused a reduction of left circumflex coronary blood flow and increased coronary resistance in open-chest anaesthetized dogs. Similar results were shown at rest and during exercise produced by repetitive electrical stimulation of the leg muscles. Diminished coronary flow occurred in association with diminished left ventricular work and a diminished product of arterial mean pressure and heart rate. This suggests that myocardial oxygen consumption decreased and may have been responsible for the diminished coronary flow.


H05 Hokusai (22.5◦N–65◦N, 0◦–90◦E) is one of the northern quadrangles of Mercury [1, 2]. It is characterized by different features, and includes several morpho-stratigraphic units. Smooth plains is the most widespread, covering ∼43% of the entire quadrangle, followed by fresh crater material (∼17%) and intercrater plains (∼10%). The remaining part of the quadrangle contains intermediate plains (7%), degraded crater material (9%) and heavily degraded material (8%) [1]. Other morpho-stratigraphic units, such as smooth and hummocky crater floor material, account for a few percent [1]. Furthermore, this quadrangle includes part of the Hokusai ray system, the largest example on Mercury, and several pyroclastic deposits, including Nathair Facula, one of the highest-reflectance features observed on the planet, located at 480 km NE of Rachmaninoff crater [3, 4]. Spectral analysis based on specific spectral parameters represents a suitable approach to investigate compositional variations. We observed different spectral behavior among large parts of the morpho-stratigraphic units and surface features mapped by [1]. In particular, the units that show the highest spectral variability are the intermediate plains, smooth plains and fresh crater material, together with pyroclastic deposits and crater rays. Such a result indicates spectral variation related to the different units with implications for the geological processes on Mercury's surface.


One of the ways of the enhancement of optically pumped FIR laser's efficiency is the utilization of appropriately polarized pump and FIR fields. It was shown in [1], that the optimum of field polarizations depends on the the types of the transitions involved: Q, R or P type. General principles of gain calculation for different field polarizations are given there. The results are calculated through direct summing of spectral components. Note that the quantization axis z lay in the plain of field polarization vectors. In [2] the quantization axis z was selected to be perpendicular to both pump and FIR electric field vectors, parallel to their wave vectors. The problem of polarization dependence of laser efficiency was investigated both experimentally and theoretically, also by direct summing of spectral components.


The crystals of bis(1-(2-thiazolylazo)-2-naphtholato)nickel(II), [Ni(TAN)2], are triclinic with unit-cell dimensions: a=12.38(6), b=12.72(6), c=8.41(4) A, α=78.9(5), β=95.0(5) and γ=115.1(5)°, Z=2, space group P\bar1. The TAN is terdentate, one nickel atom being surrounded octahedrally by two ligand anions in the mer configuration.


The Internet offers a wealth of information and unlimited resources that teachers can use in order to expose students to authentic language use. Exposure, however, is not enough to trigger language acquisition. Students need to be involved in tasks that integrate the use of computers and enhance language acquisition. This paper outlines an instructional system designed to guide English as a Second Language (ESL) students through their exploration of the Internet and carry out projects that will ultimately help them improve their reading and writing skills and enrich their vocabulary. Through this instructional system the benefits of using the Internet for ESL purposes with different types of students in different educational environments can be maximised.


The temporal decay of the persistent photoenhancement of the conductivity current flowing through the active channel of two samples of a typical nanodevice comprising a low resistivity n-type InP:Fe epitaxial layer and a semi-insulating InP:Fe substrate is experimentally investigated at room temperature and interpreted via consideration of the functionality of the diodic interface potential barrier. A mean decay mechanism and its distinct regimes are singled out.


Western pine beetle (Dendroctonus brevicomis LeConte) is a major cause of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. Laws.) mortality in western North America. Twenty-first century epidemics are among the largest in history and have affected hundreds of thousands of hectares. We synthesize literature on the chemical ecology of western pine beetle and on efforts to exploit our understanding of the western pine beetle-ponderosa pine system to reduce host tree losses. This literature dates back to the early 20th century and focuses on populations in California and Oregon, U.S., where western pine beetle exerts its largest impacts. Research in the 1960s–1970s yielded an effective semiochemical attractant (exo-brevicomin, frontalin, and myrcene) that helped inform understanding of the biology, ecology, and management of this species. Later, research focused on isolation and identification of semiochemical repellents. To date, Verbenone Plus (acetophenone, (E)-2-hexen-1-ol + (Z)-2-hexen-1-ol, and verbenone) is the only semiochemical repellent demonstrated effective for protecting ponderosa pines from mortality attributed to western pine beetle in multiple studies in Canada and the U.S.


Tomographic processes for biomedical purposes has observed a fantastic development during the last few years, such as ultrasonic echography, X-ray tomodensitometry or NMR tomography and more recently active microwave imaging. This new modality offers a low spatial reslution, depending of the frequency, but, in some cases significant contrasts related to dielectric properties of tissues. The interpretation of microwave images presents some specific aspects related to the diffraction mode of interaction between microwave beams and tissues. Tomographic algotithms have been developped to compensate for such diffraction effects. More works are still needed to improve image quality in terms of spatial resolution or artefact delete. Initially, motivated by non-invasive thermal control of deep hyperthermia treatment, experiments have been conducted on phantoms with different heating modalities. This paper presents some results to evaluate spatial and thermal resolution capabilities of microwave tomography. More recently, to respect to contrast, more general applications have been investigated: detection of inflammatory processes, monitoring of lung water content changes,control of organs defrozing...Some prelimary results obtained with a 2.45 GHz planar microwave camera are presented.


Background

There is global consensus that Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) poses an unprecedented challenge to modern medicine as we know it today; and the lack of new antibiotics in the pipeline is compounding the threat to contain emerging drug-resistant infections. In 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) has articulated a priority pathogens list (PPL) to provide strategic direction to research and development of new anti-microbials. Anti-microbial resistance patterns of selected 'drug-bug' combinations based on the WHO-PPL in one tertiary health care facility in India are explored in this paper.
Methods

Culture reports of laboratory specimens, collected between 1st January 2014 and 31st October 2019 from paediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital in India, were retrospectively extracted. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for selected antimicrobials based on the WHO-PPL are analysed and reported.
Results

Of 12,256 culture specimens screened, 2,335 (19%) showed culture positivity; of which 1,556 were organisms from the WHO-PPL. E. coli was the most common organism isolated (37%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (16%). Total 72% of E. coli were extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producers, 55% of Enterobacteriaceae were resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins, and 53% of Staphylococcus aureus were Methicillin resistant. Time-trend analysis of the data showed continued high resistance to carbapenem in E coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae.
Conclusions

The AMR trends and prevalence patterns are likely to be different, across various local settings, than as defined at the national level or the WHO-PPL. This difference needs to be recognised in decision and policy making. It is critical, that the evidence used at national and global levels, have reasonable geographical and population representation through standardised and more granular AMR surveillance, in order to improve the effectiveness of the overall national AMR response.


The appropriate choice of a threshold level, which separates the tails of the probability distribution of a random variable from its middle part, is considered to be a very complex and challenging task. This paper provides an empirical study on various methods of the optimal tail selection in risk measurement. The results indicate which method may be useful in practice for investors and financial and regulatory institutions. Some methods that perform well in simulation studies, based on theoretical distributions, may not perform well when real data are in use. We analyze twelve methods with different parameters for forty-eight world indices using returns from the period of 2000–Q1 2020 and four sub-periods. The research objective is to compare the methods and to identify those which can be recognized as useful in risk measurement. The results suggest that only four tail selection methods, i.e., the Path Stability algorithm, the minimization of the Asymptotic Mean Squared Error approach, the automated Eyeball method with carefully selected tuning parameters and the Hall single bootstrap procedure may be useful in practical applications.


Objective:To investigate the combined effects of hypoxia and sodium cyanide on cerebral mitochondria oxidative damage in rats.Methods:A total of 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into plain control group,plain intoxicated group,high altitude control group and high altitude intoxicated group.The rats in the two plain groups were administrated in a lab located at 308 m altitude while those in the two high altitude groups were treated in a hypobaric chamber simulating 4000 m altitude.After 3-day adaptation,the rats were subcutaneously injected with saline or NaCN at the dose of 3.6 mg/kg body weight.Then they were sacrificed to collect the brain tissues at 0.5,1.0 and 2.0 hours after injection.Mitochondria were isolated immediately by a method of gradient centrifugation.The activities of ATPase,SOD and the contents of OH·,MDA in the mitochondria were determined biochemically.Results:The mitochondrial ATPase and SOD activities decreased significantly,while the mitochondrial contents of OH· and MDA increased after 3-day hypoxia exposure,which indicated that an obvious mitochondria injury occurred in rat's brain tissues.Sodium cyanide injections further increased the changes of the above-mentioned parameters induced by hypoxia exposure.Conclusion:The results suggest that the acute hypobaric hypoxia could lead to an obvious oxidative injury in mitochondria of rat brain tissues.This injury may be further aggravated by sodium cyanide intoxication.


Prepared by the Author This subject was covered in three lectures and the abstract is divided in a corresponding manner. First Lecture: Origin of Ocean Basins and of Submarine Canyons Second Lecture: Ocean Basins, Geosynclinal Belts, and Orogeny Third Lecture: The Mechanics of Crustal Deformation The dominant theme of the second and third lectures was the mechanics of crustal deformation. To these, the first was added upon request, as a sort of prologue. FIRST LECTURE Origin of Ocean Basins and of Submarine Canyons As the magnitude and wide distribution of submarine valleys became known, the conviction spread among geologists that they must be the result of subaerial erosion. If that conclusion is inevitable, one or two events of major magnitude must have taken place at a phenomenally fast rate and in the immediate geologic past: either a climatic change, which removed at least 1000 fathoms, more likely twice as much, of the ocean water; or a tectonic spasm which warped the edges of the continents up and then down again, or a combination of the two. It is the second of these possibilities which has forced the writer to devote careful attention to this strange problem, the discussion of which will lead naturally to the question of the origin of the ocean basins and of crustal deformation in its largest aspects, the topic of the subsequent lectures. First Conclusion: Instead of proving a subaerial origin, essential facts concerning the submarine valleys cast severe doubt upon it. Only the most important of these facts can be mentioned in this abstract. All refer only to the valleys of the continental slope and not to the shallow continuation of major streams that cross the shelf. 1. The shapes and frequency distribution of the valleys as shown for the Atlantic Ocean on Veatch and Smith's charts differ fundamentally from those shown for the Pacific Ocean slopes of the United States by Shepard and Emery. This corresponds no doubt in part to the different nature of the bedrock on the two coasts. To some extent, however, the difference is due to the fact that for the Atlantic coast the contours were drawn on the hypothesis that the valleys are of subaerial origin and are the counterpart to those of the Coastal Plain, as Dr. Veatch told the writer explicitly. The effect of this bias is evident on the charts themselves. * Columbia University, New York City. 1 Veatch, A. C , and Smith, P. A., Atlantic submarine valleys of the United States and the Congo submarine valley: Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 7, (1939). 2 Shepard, F. P., and Emery, K. O., Submarine topography off the California Coast; Canyons and tectonic interpretation: Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap. 31, (1941). © TGS, 2006 Tulsa Geological Society Digest, Volume 10, 1941-1942


This paper aims to disclose the daylight features in sun-deficient areas of China. For this purpose, the authors carried out field measurement with annual dynamic analysis on daylight in a university of Chongqing, a typical sun-deficient area. The annual daylight quality was evaluated in details from the angles of temporal and spatial variations. Specifically, the annual daylight data were condensed into 72 similar time periods according to the local academic calendar. The mean illuminance and spatial ratio of areas meeting the illuminance threshold were calculated in each period for two typical classrooms in the university. The results show that, in the south-facing classroom, the mean daylight illuminance on the desktop was below the threshold in winter and in early mornings (before 10:00) and late afternoons (after 16:00) of other seasons; in the north-facing classroom, the mean daylight illuminance on the desktop were below the threshold in virtually all 72 periods. In terms of space, less than 25% of the north-facing classroom and 55% in the south-facing classroom met the illuminance threshold. Compared with the traditional daylight evaluation methods, our strategy realizes a comprehensive and detailed evaluation of indoor daylight quality, shedding new light on reasonable lighting improvement.


Motivation: Lipids are a large and diverse group of biological molecules with roles in membrane formation, energy storage and signaling. Cellular lipidomes may contain tens of thousands of structures, a staggering degree of complexity whose significance is not yet fully understood. Highthroughput mass spectrometry-based platforms provide a means to study this complexity, but the interpretation of lipidomic data and its integration with prior knowledge of lipid biology suffers from a lack of appropriate tools to manage the data and extract knowledge from it. Results: To facilitate the description and exploration of lipidomic data and its integration with prior biological knowledge, we have developed a knowledge resource for lipids and their biology— SwissLipids. SwissLipids provides curated knowledge of lipid structures and metabolism which is used to generate an in silico library of feasible lipid structures. These are arranged in a hierarchical classification that links mass spectrometry analytical outputs to all possible lipid structures, metabolic reactions and enzymes. SwissLipids provides a reference namespace for lipidomic data publication, data exploration and hypothesis generation. The current version of SwissLipids includes over 244 000 known and theoretically possible lipid structures, over 800 proteins, and curated links to published knowledge from over 620 peer-reviewed publications. We are continually updating the SwissLipids hierarchy with new lipid categories and new expert curated knowledge. Availability: SwissLipids is freely available at http://www.swisslipids.org/. Contact: email@example.com Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. VC The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. 2860 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Bioinformatics, 31(17), 2015, 2860–2866 doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv285 Advance Access Publication Date: 5 May 2015


ANTIFUNGAL COMPOUNDS OF FORMULA ONEs (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R is phenyl substituted by 3 substituents OVER EACH independently selected from halo and trifluoromethyl DESCRIBED; R1 is alkyl C1-4; R2 EN (ALFA), O; R3 is S (O) MR4; R4 is alkyl C1-4; M is 0, 1 or 2, together with pharmaceutical compositions containing them and processes and intermediates for preparing such compounds.


The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of different training methods on the performance of table tennis players. The study was delimited to 30 randomly selected male table tennis players. The players were selected from Lakshmibai National University of Physical Education and Gwalior District Table Tennis Association. The subjects were divided into three groups namely, Throwing Machine Training Method Group, Manual Training Method Group and Control Group. Each group consisted of 10 players. The Skill Test constructed by Dr. Pushpendra Purashwani was selected as criterion measure to measure the performance of table tennis players. In order to measure the performance of table tennis players, the data was collected on the basis of 'pretest' and 'posttest'. The scoring was done on the basis of norms of the selected skill test. The means of different groups were compared using One Way Analysis of Variance i.e. 'F'-ratio. The level of significance chosen was 0.05. After administering of six weeks training programme, groups were re-administered the skill test and the result showed a significant difference between Throwing Machine Training Method and Manual Training Method, between Throwing Machine Training Method and Control Group, where as insignificant difference was found between Manual Training Method and Control Group.


The present study aimed at exploring the educational, social and emotional experiences of individuals with dyslexia both during school and tertiary education. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten Greek students with dyslexia who were enrolled in higher education institutions. The data analysis was carried out with the use of qualitative content analysis. The findings reveal that the students had developed positive as well as negative coping strategies to deal with their learning disabilities. The teachers' attitudes and behaviour were mostly perceived as negative. These attitudes coupled with the lack of explanations about dyslexia following diagnosis and teasing on the part of the peers caused feelings of inferiority and anxiety to the interviewees. However, dyslexia contributed to the enhancement of the participants' self-understanding and the development of their strengths. Implications with respect to the provision of emotional and social support and implementation of appropriate interventions are discussed.


Abstract : Every people certainly have to hope for something. Similarly for Talang Mamak tribe in Talang Jerinjing village, sub distric Rengat Barat, district of Indragiri Hulu. They have expectations for a better educational services. To be able to compete in the global era as now, education is very important. The Talang Mamak tribe is one of the tribe or society that secluded, nomaden, and live in groups at forest.  So to gain access for formal education is difficult to get. This study aims to find out the expectations of society Talang Mamak tribe of educational services in Talang Jerinjing village, sub distric Rengat Barat, district of Indragiri Hulu. Based on the analysis performed with the data obtained from the observation method of data collection, data collection with interviews, data collection techniques to document, and triangulation of data collection techniques then take the conclusion, that most of the Talang Mamak tribe in the Talang Jerinjing village are hope the education service in the village can make them able to compete to toher in the era of technology information today. The people of Talang Mamak tribe in the Talang Jerinjing village also hopes the education service will make them to be recognized, just like any other community. Keywords : Hope, Talang Mamak Tribe, Education.


Urban agriculture has become common phenomenon in some developed countries and developing countries,and plays a very important role in urban food supply system and urban ecological system occupies.Since the 21st century,Chinese urbanization process has quickened markedly.Improving of urbanization degree greatly and expanding of urban scale radically expansion promotes the emergence of strategic crisis of energy,food and ecology.Urban agriculture with multifunction has significant strategic value in alleviating crisis.To promote the development of,it is necessary to set up support system of urban agriculture,which is highly integrated and convenient and based on enterprise which task is to provide production factors and technical services.


A stabilizer (10) comprises a stabilizer main body (20) and eye sections (21, 22) formed on both ends of the stabilizer main body (20). Through-holes (33, 34) are formed on fastening surfaces (31, 32) of the eye sections (21, 22). The surface of the stabilizer main body (20) is covered with a main body coating film (60). The surface of the eye section (21) is covered with an eye coating film (61) that is thinner than the main body coating film (60). The inner surface of the through-hole (33) is covered with an inner surface coating film (62). An incompletely coated section (63) is formed on a circumferential part of the inner surface of the through-hole (33). The incompletely coated section (63) is located on a line (L2) extending from a straight line (L1) that joins the center (C1) of the through-holes (33, 34) and the center of gravity of the stabilizer main body (20) in a side view of the stabilizer main body (20).


This paper proposes an adaptive threshold watershed algorithm, which is the method used for image segmentation and boundary detection, which extends the region on the basis of regional minimum point. First, apply adaptive thresholds to determine regional minimum points. Second, it extends the region by applying adaptive thresholds based on determined regional minimum points. Traditional watershed algorithms create over-segmentation, resulting in the disadvantages of breaking boundaries between regions. These segmentation results mainly from the boundary of the object, creating an inaccurate region. To solve these problems, this paper applies an improved watershed algorithm applied with adaptive threshold in regional minimum point search and region expansion in order to reduce over-segmentation and breaking the boundary of region. This resulted in over-segmentation suppression and the result of having the boundary of precisely divided regions. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can apply adaptive thresholds to reduce the number of segmented regions and see that the segmented boundary parts are correct.


. A Berry-Esseen oun of or er N 1s established for multivariate U-statistics. The bound is uniform w.r.t. wide classes of Borelsets. The result is extended to 1 multivariate L-estimators.


The aim of the present paper is to investigate the two-dimensional moving contact behavior of piezomagnetic materials under the action of a sliding rigid punch. Introduction of the Galilean transformation makes the constitutive equations containing the inertial terms tractable. Eigenvalues analyses of the piezomagnetic governing equations are detailed, which are more complex than those of the commercially available piezoelectric materials. Four eigenvalue distribution cases occur in the practical computation. For each case, real fundamental solutions are derived. The original mixed boundary value problem with either a flat or a cylindrical punch foundation is reduced to a singular integral equation. Exact solution to the singular integral equation is obtained. Especially, explicit form of the stresses and magnetic inductions are given. Figures are plotted both to show the correctness of the derivation of the exact solution and to reveal the effects of various parameters on the stress and magnetic induction.


This study explores the current and projected impacts of the three post 2015 development agendas on the determinants of disaster risk: the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, the Sustainable Development Goals, and the Paris COP21 Agreement. The methodology is based on an ontological process, understood as an exhaustive analysis of the properties and relationships of an entity or subject of study. The process characterized and linked the objectives proposed in the three agendas through the impact of the expected results on the determinants of disaster risk. First, elements related to disaster risk within each agenda were identified. Then, following the Theory of Change, a series of tools were used to identify domains of change, pathways, breakthroughs, and incremental outcomes that counteract the construction of disaster risk by acting on the underlying causes. It is essential that there be coherence, complementarity and interdependence between the three agendas analysed in order to transcend the longed for and questioned economic growth, and thus underpin true sustainable development by focusing on the determinants of disaster risk.


What do Princess Diana, Margaret Thatcher, Madonna and Germaine Greer have in common? One would assume very little and yet, in recent years, they have all come to embody certain contemporary values and, in particular, ideas of how women can and should behave in public and private life. This book looks in detail at women who have reached the status of "icon" since the sexual revolution, examining what their images tell us about them, about women in public life, about women's access to power and influence and about their place in society.


Objective: Type 2 endoleak occurs in up to 30% of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), but its long-term significance continues to be one of the most controversial topics. We reviewed our experience to evaluate late outcomes associated with type 2 endoleak.
Methods: Between January 2008 to December 2014, 57 patients undergoing EVAR were enrolled in the presenting study. Computed tomography (angioCT) scan assessment was performed to evaluate aneurysm sac evolution. Primary end points included type 2 endoleak incidence, aneurysm sac growth, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) related rupture and death. Secondary endpoints included conversion to open repair, reintervention rate, type 2 endoleak persistence and failure to shrinkage > 5mm and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture.
Results: We identified 10 (17.5%) patients with type 2 endoleaks (6 early at the first follow-up CT scan). Median followup was 39.0 ± 31,6 months. Endoleaks persisted in 7 patients (12,2% of total patients; 70,0% of type 2 endoleaks) for >6 months. Overall survival rate was 100%, 98% and 80% at 1, 2 and 5 years. Spontaneous sealing occurred in 6/10 (60%): 3/3 (100.0%) transient type 2 endoleaks and 3/7 (43%) persistent type 2 endoleak. Transient type 2 endoleak (those that resolved <6 months of EVAR) weren´t associated with adverse late outcomes. In contrast, persistent endoleak was associated with several adverse outcomes. When evaluating patients with transitory endoleak vs persistent endoleak, freedom from sac expansion at 1, 3, and 5 years was 100% (transitory) vs 85%, 65%, e 40% (persistent) (P < .001). Patients with persistent endoleak were at increased risk for aneurysm sac growth vs patients without endoleak (odds ratio [OR], 36.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2,15 - 79; P < .02). The only reintervention occurred in a persistent endoleak). There was no aneurysm rupture or AAA-related death.
Conclusion: Small sample size have limited this study ability to evaluate the impact on endoleak on adverse outcomes. Persistent type II endoleaks led to significant aneurysm sac enlargement, but without increased mortality or rupture rate.


Ever increasing congestion on American highways is leading to the increasing deployment of technology for traffic management purposes. Because many of the deployed technologies are relatively new, there are increased liability risks to the public agencies that operate them. Moreover, knowledge on the history of liability regarding deployed transportation management technologies is scarce. This research identifies the liability of transportation management technologies through a literature review and a survey of state transportation agencies. Successful risk management practices used in intelligent transportation systems can benefit many state transportation agencies. The results show minimal liability concerns regarding automated toll collection and more significant concerns over reversible lanes. The survey also discovered that state agencies using variable message signs and work zone warning technologies that failed, were subject to lawsuits. Lastly, most agencies believed that future changes in ITS risk management practices were inevitable and the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices offered a great forum for this guidance.


Background: Preeclampsia (PE) still becomes a major cause of maternal and fetal
mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of current
preeclampsia with history of Low Birth Weight (LBW) and history of intrauterine
preeclampsia.
Methods: This study was case-control study that conducted from February-September
2017 at dr. M.Soewandhie Surabaya state hospital and Universitas Airlangga teaching
hospital. Subjects were 102 pregnant and postpartum women at age of 20-39 years old
with matched gestational age. Data were collected by interviewing subjects and accessing
medical record. Statistical analysis was using chi square and regression logistic.
Results: Five respondents (9.8%) in case group and one respondent (2.0%) in control
group had history of LBW. Four respondents (7.8%) in case group and one respondent
(2.0%) in control group had history of intrauterine preeclampsia. Statistical analysis
showed that both history of LBW (p=0.205) and history of intrauterine preeclampsia
(p=0.362) did not have significant relationship with current preeclampsia. Preeclampsia
was likely more influenced by other covariates, i.e. age, parity, history of PE on previous
pregnancy, history of abortion, and BMI on third trimester.
Conclusions: Study result showed that history of maternal LBW and history of
intrauterine preeclampsia was non-significant risk factor of current preeclampsia. These
finding could become a platform of new approach to understand the pathogenesis of
preeclampsia. Further research is needed to elaborate the role of epigenetics on
preeclampsia.


Various social network services (SNSes) cause the problem of social data inconsistency. The key to resolve this problem is to bring interoperability among multiple social network services. In this paper, we propose to achieve this by introducing the ontology representing SNSes based on FOAF vocabulary. We also implement a FOAF web service to act as an intermediary for social networking interoperability. The example application shows its usage and advantages over the conventional approach.