Three new isoprenylated flavones, hypargyflavones A–C (1–3, resp.), and one novel stilbene derivative, hypargystilbene A (4), together with seven known compounds, 5–11, were isolated from the stems of Artocarpus hypargyreus Hance. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Hypargyflavone A (1), cudraflavone C (8), brosimone I (10), and norartocarpin (11) showed inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase.


Through this project evaluate numerous methods for categorizing webpages. We utilize both the textual content of the webpage, and data about the hyperlinks on the the webpage. We first investigate the performance of various classification methods that are only content-based Multinomial Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, Decision Trees and Word2Vec embedding. We then augment some of these classifiers with information from the hyperlinks of a webpage, using a single-hop neighbour lookup. We also make a comment on using graphical models. Our results show that all of the content-only classifiers perform quite well without a great deal of parameter tuning on our test set. Furthermore, we observe a general decrease in accuracy due to using the information from hyperlinks, but there are some cases where the content-based methods are incorrect on their own, but are correct when augmented with link-based information.


Preparations are prepared, using completely clean slides and aqueous suspensions of young bacterial agar cultures. A drop of the suspension is placed on one end of the slide; the slide is then tipped, making the suspension drain down to the opposite end (Society of American Bacteriologists, Manual of Microbiological Methods, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1957). Both the mordanting and the staining of the flagella are done in the same operation at 37 C. As a mordant, the three components of the A solution from P. H. H. Gray's procedures (J. Bacteriol. 12:273, 1926) are used. The stain is malachite green. The following solutions are needed: (1) saturated aqueous solution of potassium alum; (2) saturated aqueous solution of mercuric chloride; (3) 20% aqueous solution of tannic acid; and (4) 0.5% filtered aqueous solution of malachite green. The-four solutions are placed in small flasks, in a volume sufficient to stain the required number of preparations, and are left stoppered in the incubator at 37 C for 1.5 hr. The prepared slides and all materials used, such as pipettes, Erlenmeyer flasks, funnels, and filtering paper, are also incubated. All subsequent operations are done in the incubator. Solution 1 (5 ml) is placed in an Erlenmeyer flask, and 2 ml of solution 2 and 2 ml of solution 3 are added; the resultant mixture is gently stirred, and 1 ml of solution 4 is quickly added. This mixture is stirred discontinuously for exactly 2 min and is then filtered through folded Prat Dumas paper (no. 40). The filtrate is briefly stirred again exactly 2 min after the filtration started, and each smear is covered with 2.5 ml of the filtrate. The slides are left 6 to 9 min for staining. The smear is then rinsed with distilled water, drained, and dried. To determine the optimal staining time, we recommend trials of 6, 7.5, and 9 min. If the temperature does not reach exactly 37 C, the volume of solution 4 should be increased to 1.5 ml. In cases in which the bacterial cell is not stained, we suggest that the following procedure be followed: 8 ml of distilled water is put into an Erlenmeyer flask, 1 ml of 0.075% NaOH is added, and the solution is stirred intermittently for 45 sec.


A quantitative method is reviewed for predicting mechanical properties of magnesium alloys and aluminium alloys. This method is constructed on the basis of molecular orbital calculations of electronic structures. A new parameter, Mk, which is the s-orbital energy level for alloying element in magnesium or aluminium, is introduced and used for the prediction. With this single parameter, the yield strength, the tensile strength and the Vickers hardness are predictable even for commercially available alloys with multiple components.


"There sits in every classroom one or more pupils who wait only for the signal to forge ahead...." Yet, "... the Portland Program [for Gifted Children] does not pro vide a special school for the gifted, nor does it enroll able students in full-time special classes...." Mr. Williams describes here the Portland, Oregon, school system's in-service education for teachers who wish to improve their compe tence to serve the more able stu dents in their classes.


Location independent learning is a feature of emerging wireless and pervasive networking environments currently appearing in educational institutions in the Nordic countries. At the same time as mobility is increasing, online forms of communication are enhancing our ability to construct new types of learning spaces. In these new learning networks local and remote learners combine via a combination of virtual and face to face interactions. As learners become more mobile locating other learners becomes an interesting issue, with concommittant implications for collaborative behaviour. This paper describes a prototype position aware ICQ like collaboration tool, "Where Are You" (WAY). WAY provides users, who have a wireless device that complies with the IEEE802.11b (Wi- Fi) standard with the ability to locate themselves and their work- mates in buildings that have a wireless LAN infrastructure and a WAY server. The intent is to assist people working in large campus buildings to locate one another and services that are in their local environment.


The purpose of this thesis is to gain a deeper understanding in the internationalization process that Swedish banks go through. This will be achieved by evaluating Nordea and SEB and their internat ...


OBJECTIVE To determine the fingerprint of Fructus akebiae by RP-HPLC.METHODS The sample was separated on a Alltech C18 column with gradient elution.The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1.UV detection wavelength was at 210 nm.Column temperature was at 35 ℃.RESULTS Nineteen common peaks in the HPLC profile were found in Fructus akebiae in 18 different growing areas.CONCLUSION The RP-HPLC fingerprint can be used to control the quality of fructus Evodiae.


Abstract Studies dealing with process improvement of aluminum alloys and their grain structure refinement are the current area of interest in casting companies and foundries, the aim being to enhance the properties of the base metal. In this study, the microstructural and mechanical properties of commercial Al-Si9.8-Cu3.4 alloy die castings influenced by different additions of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C master alloy (viz. 0 wt.%, 0.1 wt.%, and 1.0 wt.%) as a new grain refiner and Al-6Ni master alloy (viz. 0 wt.%, 0.5 wt.%, and 5.0 wt.%) as an alloying element have been investigated. A multi-criteria decision-making approach for the improvement of the die casting process was performed using grey relational analysis (GRA) and TOPSIS analytical techniques. It was observed that the primary aluminum α-grains were significantly refined, particularly at the lower addition level 0.1 wt.% of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C, and conversely, poor grain refining efficiency was observed at a higher addition level 1.0 wt.% of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C. Due to the refinement by Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C grain refiner and the effect of Ni alloying element additions, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and hardness (Brinell and micro) of the Al-Si9.8-Cu3.4 alloy are improved, particularly at 0.1 wt.% of Al-3.5FeNb-1.5C and 0.5 wt.% of Al-6Ni master alloys. Quantitatively, UTS, Brinell hardness, and microhardness values have been increased by 12.3%, 7.0%, and 20%, respectively.


Changes in cropping systems have moved pastures into more restrictive environments, affecting the traditional seed crop harvest of Lotus corniculatus L. in Uruguay. This traditional harvest may have generated landraces (LR) with differences in dry matter and seed production and/or adaptation. The potential seed yield of L. corniculatus and that obtained by farmers is very different (Garcia et al, 1991). Several factors impact on achieving potential seed yield and it is possible that these constraints maybe overcome via breeding. The objective of this study was to identify LR's with more seed production and/or persistence, compared with parental cultivars and determine if indirect parameters of yield components could be identified. The study also identify the degree of association between LR and the original cultivar sown in sampled paddocks, and their ranking in terms of seed production towards new cultivars generated by INIA.


Alive specimens belonging to Tellimya tenella (Lovén, 1846) were recorded for the first time in Adriatic Sea. Up to date, only few pleistocene fossils or empty valves of this species had been reported in Italian waters.


Five local sheep breeds of Tengchong(TC),Zhaotong sheep(ZS),Diqing(DQ),Ninglang(NL)and Wugu(WG)in Yunnan were analyzed through the microsatellite DNA marker technology.The genetic variability within breeds and genetic relationship among breeds,the genetic heterozygosity(H),polymorphism information content(PIC),coefficient of gene differentiation and genetic distance etc had been evaluated.The results showed that the heterozygosity of five sheep breeds were 0.2894to 0.3349,this indicated that genetic variability was low in analyzed sheep.The PICvalue was high,beyond 0.5,it indicated the five local sheep breeds in Yunnan had more abundant genetic diversity.The gene flow had been analyzed,there were bigger gene flow within sheep breeds except for WG sheep.The Dcoagenetic distance and Ds genetic distance had been analyzed by using POPGENE software,and drawed the dendrograms with the above genetic distance,the genetic distance between WG sheep and other sheep were far,the close were between Diqing sheep and Ninglang sheep.


Abstract The ability of mature, freeze‐thawed bovine sperm to bind exogenous end‐labelled or oligo‐labelled λ Hind III DNA restriction fragments was examined. Following 30 min. incubation of bovine sperm with P32 end‐labelled λ Hind III DNA and five washes with medium, approximately 5.8 ng DNA were bound to 107 sperm. Agarose gel autoradiography revealed that all of the λ Hind III DNA bands were present following sperm washes except for the smaller 0.5 Kb and 0.125 Kb bands. Incubation of sperm with 3H oligo‐labelled λ Hind III DNA gave a much higher level of binding (138 ng/107 sperm) than that found with end‐labelled DNA. This binding was entirely eliminated by DNase I. The separation of live and dead sperm fractions on Percoll gradients revealed that more oligo‐labelled λ Hind III DNA was found to be associated with the dead sperm fraction (31.2 ng/107 sperm) rather than the live sperm fraction (2.7 ng/107 sperm). Analysis of supravital stained, light microscopic autoradiographs confirmed that oligo‐la...


Out of eight species of pisionids sampled in Papua New Guinea, six are new to science: Pisione helenae n.sp. , P. parhelenae n.sp., P. parva n.sp., P. brevicirra n.sp., P. ungulata n.sp. and P. primitiva n.sp. Some remarks are given for P. subulata YAMANISHI, 1992, new for Papua New Guinea, and for P. papuensis GOVAERE & DE WILDE, 1993. Special attention was paid to some female worms. A key is included for the Pisionidae of Papua New Guinea.


The unique electronic and magnetic properties of lanthanides result from the presence of a highly localized partially filled 4f shell. The open 4f shell is responsible for the large localized magnetic moments. While the 4f shell maintains atomic character in the metallic phase, the 5d6s band states are responsible for metallic bonding. For magnetic order, a direct exchange mechanism can be ruled out due to the negligible overlap of 4f states on neighboring lattice sites. Yet, polarization of conduction electrons by 4f moments leads to an indirect exchange mechanism, in which the delocalized valence-band electrons mediate interaction between the localized 4f moments via the so-called Ruderman-KittelKasuya-Yosida (RKKY) exchange interaction, although their contribution to the total magnetic moment is small. This interaction mechanism, in competition with magneto-crystalline anisotropies and magnetoelastic energies, leads to the formation of complicated magnetic structures as, e.g., ferromagnetic, helical antiferromagnetic, and conical ferrimagnetic spin structures [45,46] in RE metals. The fundamental interest in rare-earth metals is further enhanced by the unique interplay between the highly localized 4f states and the itinerant valence electrons, which – in particular – can result in different electronic and magnetic properties at surfaces and interfaces as compared to the rather well-known bulk properties.


Effects of different seawater concentration on the growth and quality of 4 lettuce cultivars of 'Zhongfeng','Nanshu','slender leaf endive Ⅰ','broken leaf endive' were investigated by using soilless culture patterns.The results showed that fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots,leaf area,nitrate content of lettuce decreased with increasing seawater concentrations for all regions;with adding seawater concentrations,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll content increased at first and then decreased.With increasing seawater concentrations,it improved protein content,soluble sugar content and vitamin C contnet of lettuce.Considering yield,chlorophyll b,chlorophyll content,nitrate,protein,soluble sugar and vitamin C of lettuce,the suitable seawater concentrations for lettuce was 14.5%.


It is shown, that the properly designed resonant-tunneling diode (RTD) can be successfully employed as an active element of terahertz subharmonic mixer. This RTD based mixer has some advantages over the other mixers, in particular has lower noise figure. The optimal RTD layer thicknesses were simulated with respect to RTD operation as subharmonic mixer. The simulations have been done for two types of RTD structures: InGaAs well with InAlAs barriers and InGaAs well with AlAs barriers.


The results of the study suggest that the age of implantation was an important predicting factor of speech intelligibility, articulation ability and voice in prelingually deafened children with cochlear implantation. The receptive language level of preimplantation was also a predicting factor of speech intelligibility and articulation ability except voice measurement. Therefore, the current study suggested that the cochlear implantation surgery at an early age could enhance the level of overall speech-production abilities.


With the rapid development of international business and the improvement of liberalization,blue barriers has become a double-edged sword to China's export trade.On the one hand,it makes our products blocked from entering international market and caused negative effects on attracting foreign funds and the development of foreign trade.On the other hand,as an international labor standard,it is good for the improvement of China's labor relations and can achieve the harmonious development of enterprises and society.Thus,in order to eliminate the adverse of blue barriers and integrate into international community more harmony,the government and enterprises should prepare actively to cross blue barriers and put dual tactics into practice.That is,the government must strengthen macro-guidance and enterprises must try hard to eliminate the negative influence brought about by blue barriers.Only in these ways can the blue barriers be broken through ultimately.


To the Editor:— The week after Dr. S. Charles Freed's article on obesity appeared inThe Journal(February 8, p. 369) there came under my observation a man and his wife who illustrated his statement that "personality will... influence the intake of food." The husband was thin, wiry and tense; the wife, plump and good natured. The man was referred to me with the history that two months previously he had begun to have epigastric pain after eating, loss of appetite, frequent nausea and weakness. He had lost 13 pounds (6 Kg.) in three weeks—from 146 to 133 pounds (66 to 60 Kg.). Complete x-ray studies of the gastrointestinal tract and gallbladder were negative except for a diverticulum of the lower end of the esophagus. The explanation for the patient's symptoms was found when his wife told me that two months before I saw him he had had an anonymous


Chylous fistula following radical neck dissection is a disturbing and potentially serious complication. Meticulous surgical technique in the areas of the thoracic duct on the left and the lymphatic ducts on the right will usually prevent the occurrence of a chylous leak. If one should develop, however, a pressure dressing alone is usually not sufficient to tamponade the leaking vessel. The patient should be returned to the operating room where the leak is identified and ligated.


Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of congenital glaucoma in rabbits.Methods Normal rabbits and congenital spontaneous glaucoma rabbits were clnically compared in their corneal diameter,anterior chamber depth,anterior chamber angle,ocular axis length,fundus,intraocular pressure,FVEP,etc.Results It was observed that the corneal diameter was enlarged,anterior chamber depth increased,angle widened,ocular axis lengthened,the optic disc and visual function severely damaged in rabbits with congenital glarcoma. Conclusions The location of aqueous humor drainage obstacle might be at trabecular meshwork of the congenital glaucoma,whose poor endurance of high intraocular pressure could result in the globe expansion and optic disc damage.


We have researched the morphological, biochemical and optical properties of tufted hairgrass from different growing sites and we have studied how the content of biominerals in the tufted hairgrass leaves depends on their content in the ground and how biominerals affect the different functional characteristics of the tufted hairgrass leaves. We conducted measurements on the leaves of the tufted hairgrass that we collected in four different locations at the time of flowering when the leaves were most developed. We took the collected leaf samples to the laboratory where we measured the leaf reflectance and transmittance, performed morphological measurements on the leaf cross-sections, and in this way obtained data on the surface thickness of a leaf, on mesophyll, cuticle and epidermis, on density and spine length and leaf slits on the upper and lower side of the leaves. By conducting biochemical analyses we determined the content of chlorophylls, carotenoids, anthocyanins and UV-absorbing substances in the leaves. We also analysed the content of biominerals in leaves and soil samples from the sampling locations of the tufted hairgrass. The results of measuring the optical properties of the tufted hairgrass leaves showed that the leaves from Rakov Skocjan have both the highest reflectance and the lowest transmittance in the UV-A and UV-B part of the spectrum. This is similar in the visible part of the spectrum, where most of the incident light is absorbed by chlorophylls. The results of the measured morphological and biochemical properties showed the affect of biomineral content on the functional characteristics of the tufted hairgrass leaves. Plant leaves from higher altitudes or with a higher content of Ca and Si biominerals in leaves were thicker, had longer spines, thicker epidermis and longer leaf slits. It is surprising that the maximum density of spines that disperse light would be expected in the leaves collected below the top of Komen, however the exact opposite was established. The results showed that the calcium content in the sampled ground positively correlates with the calcium content in the tufted hairgrass leaves. We did not confirm this for silicon.


Piezoelectric polymer materials are of interest for high frequency transducer array applications primarily because the array geometry can be achieved using photolithography. The UMIST research team have fabricated up to 64-element polymer transducer arrays. They have adopted a unique approach whereby the pulse control electronics can be mounted in close physical proximity with the transducer array. In order to accomplish this both transmit and receive circuitry has been integrated onto in-house custom designed silicon chip sets. A notable achievement is the design of a monolithic 16-channel programmable pulse generator chip fabricated in 1.5 μm CMOS technology. By employing novel design techniques time delays with 1 ns time resolution and a dynamic range of 219 have been achieved. A description of the system is provided and preliminary results of beam plotting measurements are given


A multiresidue and multiclass method based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of antibacterials was developed and validated for screening purposes. This method can be applied to commonly used drugs in veterinary medicine such as tetracyclines, quinolones and sulfonamides. Sample preparation consists in cell disruption with sand (previously purified and washed with EDTA 100 mM) followed by protein precipitation with acidified acetonitrile. Validation was conducted in accordance to European Union requirements (2002/657/EC) for qualitative methods covering detection capability (CCβ), selectivity, specificity and stability. The method enabled the detection of 21 different drugs and had a false-compliant rate of <5% (β error) at between 25% and 50% of the maximum residue levels established by legal authorities. The methodology was successfully applied to incurred poultry samples.


Every nurse will have to pay more to stay on the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) register following proposals to increase registration fees.


This study was conducted to determination of the endocrine distruptor function of 'Parabens' by dosing ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, isopropyl paraben, butyl paraben and isobutyl paraben to the immature SD rats. 18 groups were given vehicle control group, negative control group (Dibutyl phthalate), postive control group ( Ethynylestrdiol) and each paraben groups involved 3 dose level. Rats were injected with 62.5, 250 and 1,000mg/kg from postnatal day 19 till 21 once a day in subcutaneous and a total 3, times. There was no treatment related death. but, subcutaneous nodule, edema, alopecia and scrub formation on injection site was observed. These signs was become worse in high dose level. these signs was cause from physical stimulation by test substance which parabens were mix with com oil as vehicle. In the analysis of organ weights, absolute and relative weights of brain, spleen, liver, thymus, heart, kidneys, adrenals, ovaries and vagina were no difference with control group. but, wet and blotted weight of uterus was increased in every high dose parabens treat group. Especially, all dose level of isobutyl paraben was showed increment of uterus weight. uterus dilatation of parabens treated group was observed in gross anatomic pathology and these result was agree with wet and blotted weight of uterus. In the result of this study, estrogenic effect as endocrine distruptor was observed in ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, isopropyl paraben, butyl paraben and isobutyl paraben. and it was considered isobutyl paraben has highest estrogrnic effect under the condition of this study.


debate over whether a recognizable sub-class of such incorrigible families existed – the Family Service Units, the Eugenics Society and some medical officers of health. Once again, the most enduring feature of the 'underclass' concept was the strongly held conviction by its advocates that the dysfunctional behavioural traits of its members could be vividly described; yet research studies once again produced results that were inconclusive. The American poverty debates of the 1960s were in part underpinned by the 'culture of poverty' idea – no less ambiguous than its predecessors, and equally difficult to verify empirically: value judgments of self-damaging behaviours were often highly class-selective. Welshman shows how the theories of Oscar Lewis engendered considerable debate, partly because they were open to different interpretations, and were woven into the War on Poverty's community action recipes (which also had an influence on the British Community Development Projects). In perhaps the strongest section of the book, Welshman traces the controversy over Sir Keith Joseph's 'cycle of deprivation' concept of the early 1970s – yet again, an unwitting revival of many of the familiar themes. Finally, there is a discussion of the American 'underclass' debate of the 1980s, which justified the conservative-led 'welfare backlash' and the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act. It was to an extent imported into Britain, but received a generally hostile reception. This book provides a comprehensive and detailed account of a tantalizing, controversial and long-enduring perspective on poverty. As such, it will be a welcome addition to the existing literature, filling a large gap. The scope of the book is commendably ambitious, and this seems to have necessitated a very 'history of ideas' approach, in which competing theories tend to be outlined in a rather descriptive way, without an explanation of background socio-economic changes. The American 'underclass' debate, for example, is really a debate over rival interpretations of very complex long-run trends in poverty, employment, ethnic achievement, family formation and so on, going back to the 1930s, and these trends need to be explained if the competing interpretations are to be properly understood. Again, a more critical analysis of some of the participants' ideas would have been useful: Charles Murray's Losing Ground (1984) may have been 'brilliantly argued', but it was subjected to a devastating critique by American social scientists. However, doing full justice to this important topic would probably have required a book of unreasonable length. As it is, its long history has been well presented and documented. J. Macnicol London School of Economics


Novels The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written by Mark Twain and The Kite Runner written by Khaled Hosseini have similarities in describing struggle against hegemony. The term of "hegemony" is related to a domination of dominant group to subordinate group through agreement. In addition, this hegemony can also include physical violence to strengthen the domination. Meanwhile the term "Struggle" means that there are also resistances against the hegemony. These two novels were analyzed by comparative literature theory by Susan Basnett and Antoni Gramsci's theory about hegemony. Focus of this research is how the writers describe hegemony and counter hegemony in social environment through literary work. This research aims to describe hegemony from dominant group to subordinate group in several kinds such as culture, ideology, intellectual and moral leadership, and state. This research also describes about several resistances, such as active, passive, and humanistic resistance. The result of this research is that there are similarities and differences of hegemony and counter hegemony based on state of factor of American and Afghanistan. The similarities can be found in the struggle, such as passive and humanistic resistance. Meanwhile for the difference in hegemony, the novel The Kite Runner includes physical hegemony through war and assassination. For the difference in struggle, The Kite Runner provide an active resistance toward a dominant group.Keywords: Hegemony; Counter Hegemony; Comparative Literature


In Kahrobaei et al. [Multilinear cryptography using nilpotent groups, Proceedings of Elementary Theory of Groups and Group Rings, and Related Topics conference. Conference held at Fairfield University and at the Graduate Center, CUNY, New York, NY, USA, November 1–2, 2018, De Gruyter, 2020, pp. 127–133] we generalized the definition of a multilinear map to arbitrary groups and introduced two multiparty key-exchange protocols using nilpotent groups. In this paper we have a closer look at the protocols and will address some incorrect cryptanalysis which has been proposed in Roman'kov [Discrete logarithm for nilpotent groups and cryptanalysis of polylinear cryptographic system, Prikl. Diskretn. Mat. Suppl. (12), (2019), pp. 154–160].


The planar transverse bending behavior of a uniform cantilevered beam with rigid tip body subject to constant axial base acceleration was analyzed. The beam is inextensible and capable of small elastic transverse bending deformations only. Two classes of tip bodies are recognized: (1) mass centers located along the beam tip tangent line; and (2) mass centers with arbitrary offset towards the beam attachment point. The steady state response is studied for the beam end condition cases: free, tip mass, tip body with restricted mass center offset, and tip body with arbitrary mass center offset. The first three cases constitute classical Euler buckling problems, and the characteristic equation for the critical loads/accelerations are determined. For the last case a unique steady state solution exists. The free vibration response is examined for the two classes of tip body. The characteristic equation, eigenfunctions and their orthogonality properties are obtained for the case of restricted mass center offset. The vibration problem is nonhomogeneous for the case of arbitrary mass center offset. The exact solution is obtained as a sum of the steady state solution and a superposition of simple harmonic motions.


A procedure for observer synthesis by eigenstructure assignment is described. The proposed procedure gives a unifying framework for all kinds of observers. The parity space approach is interpreted within this context. The main objective is to give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of residuals decoupled from a given set of failures or false alarm causes. The condition appears to be the same in the observer and in the generalized parity space cases.<<ETX>>


Glutathione S-transferase isoenzymes from 4th instar larvae of two DDT-resistant Aedes aegypti strains were fractionated by anion exchange Q-Sepharose chromatography into GST-2 and a cluster of isoenzymes previously named GST-1. Sequential column chromatography fractionated the GST-1 into at least 6 activity peaks, of which 3 were further purified and named according to the process of purification, GST-1unBPc, GST-1BPa and GST-1BPc. GST-1BPc is confirmed to be one member of the Epsilon class according to the immunological cross-reactivity toward polyclonal antibody against Aedes GSTe2. GST-1unBPc possess the major DDTase activity (>98%) and therefore a play major role on DDT metabolism in the Aedes species. GST-2, which was earlier shown to be over-expressed in DDTresistance Aedes mosquito, has no DDTase activity, thus the role in DDT resistance may be through sequestration. This report demonstrated that an unknown class, GST-1unBPc, plays a major role in DDT resistance in this species whereas the Epsilon GST-1BPc also contributes to DDT resistance but to a less extent.


Condensation pressure drops and heat transfer coefficients are measured in small quality increments in channels with 100 < Dh < 200 microns. The channels are fabricated on a copper substrate by electroforming copper onto a mask patterned by X-ray lithography, and sealed by diffusion bonding. Subcooled liquid is electrically heated to the desired quality, followed by condensation in the test section. Downstream of the test section, another electric heater is used to heat the refrigerant to a superheated state. Energy balances on the pre- and post heaters establish the refrigerant inlet and outlet states at the test section. Water at a high flow rate serves as the test section coolant to ensure that the condensation side presents the governing thermal resistance. Heat transfer coefficients are measured for 200 < G < 800 kg/m2 -s for 0 < x < 1 at several different saturation temperatures. Conjugate heat transfer analyses are conducted in conjunction with local pressure drop profiles to obtain accurate driving temperature differences and heat transfer coefficients. The effects of quality, mass flux, and saturation temperature on condensation pressure drops and heat transfer coefficients are illustrated through these experiments.Copyright © 2007 by ASME


This study represents a surveillance system for obtaining video evidence and real-time monitoring. The system is installed in the Operating Control Center(OCC) of Taipei Main Station. Images from camera installed in the Electric Multiple Units (EMUs) are sent in real time to the EMU cabs, station information desks and OCC, when the EMUs are stationary or moving at up to 80 kilometers per hour). The monitoring equipment enables officials to inspect the in-car videos, providing remote access to historical data and the control system. A warning device reset the system to set up a transmission path; Sending action messages and alerts, and resets by the wired and wireless networks. As well as providing images inside the EMUs, the system monitors platform images from the platform cab screen monitor. When a vehicle stops at the station.


OBJECTIVE To utilize a structure-based lead optimization approach to generate novel natural product-like typeⅡ inhibitors of JAK2 using the DOLPHIN protocol.METHODS Initially,the DOLHPIN computational protocol was employed to convert an active(DFG-in)conformation of JAK2 into a typeⅡ-compatible conformation,which was used as a model for the structure-based virtual screening of 150 000 natural product-like compounds in silico.The novel biflavonoid analogues were designed and synthesized based on the structure of lead compound and then tested for JAK2 and STAT3 inhibitory activity,cytotoxicity and HCV antiviral activity.RESULTS The top eleven highest-scoring compounds were generated from the initial high-throughput virtual screening.Amentoflavone 1a,a biflavonoid from the Chinese plant Gingko biloba,emerged as a promising candidate for further biological evaluation.In dose-response experiments,amentoflavone 1ainhibited JAK2 activity in a concentration dependent fashion with an IC50 value of 5μmol·L-1.As a proof-of-concept,we designed nine analogues 1b-1j with the addition of one or more aliphatic side chains to the biflavonoid scaffold of 1a.The octyl(C8)analogue 1bdisplayed superior potency against JAK2 activity and HCV activity compared to the parent compound 1a,validating the structure-based lead optimization approach used in this study.Moreover,kinetic analysis indicated that analogue 1bexhibited a non-competitive mode of inhibition,suggesting that this compound may be a putative typeⅡ inhibitor of JAK2.CONCLUSION Amentoflavone 1ahas been identified as a JAK2 inhibitor by structure-based virtual screening of a natural product library.In silico optimization using the DOLPHIN model yielded analogues with enhanced potency against JAK2 activity and HCV activity in cellulo.Molecular modeling and kinetic experiments suggested that the analogues may function as typeⅡ inhibitors of JAK2.


After the 17th century, the poetic style of the Joseon period started to he changed into Song's poetic style. The Song's poetic style of this time was different form that of the early Joseon. The people leading this change were members of Sanlim of Noron who were active in tile province of Guengi, including Kimchanghyeoh. They were beyond the Confucian thought that poetry must be written from the manitestation of the human nature. They insisted that poets should describe the nature. people, and customs around them just as they were. This was a Jinsi('Real Poetry') movement. The change of a poetic style was a change of the world vie",' as well as the poetic world. Considering poetry were a literary art of every writer at that time, this poetic change must have influenced not only literal)' poets but also moralists. I named the change of the poetic style after the 17th century 'realistic ordinariness and finding-sell'. This study scrutinized the moralist~' poetry in Nakron school of Noron, such as those of Doam Yi, Jae(1680-1746), Miho Kim, Weon-Haeng(1702-1720), Guenjae Bak,Yun-Weon(1734-1799). and Maesan Hong, Jik-Pil(1776-1852) who succeeded Kimchanghyeob in order to examine the matter of 'ordinariness in the Joseon period after the 17th century. Doam Yi, Jae's poems sharply captured trivial things in ordinary life. While moralists' poems focused on ideology and its meaning had been too heavy and profound, his poems were cheerful and vigorous, which resulted from his ability to express poetic meanings through the detailed descriptions of ordinary life. Miho Gim, Weon-Haeng expressed what he had experienced realistically enough for his poems to be called the poetic record of ordinary life. Whether his experience is in or out of ordinary life, he contained ie in his poems as if he had recorded it. So, many of his poems are related to one another, and sometimes, their meanings can be captured only in the relation between them. The poems of Guenjae Bak, Yun- Weon and Maesan Hong, Jik-pil were so prosaic that they seemed to turn their proses into verse. As it were, their poems were more implicit and less lyrical. Besides, they had strong tendency to pursue argumentative and explanatory meanings. As a whole, the later poets described ordinary life heavily and the poetic mood disappeared, as their poetic tendency had been handed down from Vi, Jae to Hong, Jik-Pil. The later poetry were more argumentative and more prosaic than the earlier poetry. As it were, the earlier poets contained ordinariness in their poems, while the later poets contained it in their proses.


In view of the evidence of the use of Dasyphyllum diacanthoides by peasants of the Region of the Araucania, in the center-south zone of Chile, as winter food for their cattle, and the nonexistence of reports on the use of this forage, in this paper we determined the nutritional value of the species. Samples taken from different edible parts of D. diacanthoides were dried and subjected to a proximate analysis and detergent system to determine dry matter;  crude protein, ether extract; phosphorus, crude fiber, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, total ash and metabolizable energy. It was shown that shoots and leaves are the edible parts that have the best nutritional values among the analyzed variables. Additionally, by calculating the digestible energy, digestible dry matter and the average metabolizable energy, it was found that D. diacanthoides has intermediate values for these variables compared to those of forage tree species used in different parts of the world and to the main local forage species. The plant presents balanced energy-protein ratio values, turning into an important winter supplement forage in view of the low availability of forage in the mountain localities of the Region of the Araucania, as compared to other forage species used in Chile.


This paper shows the applicability of the First Integral Method in obtaining solutions of Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations (NLPDEs). The method is applied in constructing solutions of Kudryashov-Sinelshchikov equation (KSE) and Generalized Radhakrishnan-Kundu-Lakshmanan Equation (GRKLE). The First Integral Method, which is based on the Ring Theory of Commutative Algebra, is a direct algebraic method for obtaining exact solutions of NLPDEs. This method is applicable to integrable as well as nonintegrable NLPDEs. The method is an efficient method for obtaining exact solutions of many Nonlinear Evolution Equations (NLEEs).


THE tabulated report herewith usually has a student body from an presented for the year ending equally large number of states. June 30, 1927 is based on reports reThe number of journalism students eeived from the journalism schools from a state follows the figures for and other reliable sources. THE population density. The more thickBULLETIN acknowledges the splendid ly populated states furnish the larger courtesy and cooperation of the innumber of professional students, with stitutions which have made these the exception of the states in the New complete statistics possible. England group where the journalism STATISTICS OF COLLEGES school has not achieved as general Table 1 gives the colleges in sesrecognition as in other sections of the sion during 1926-27 which offered country. professional preparation for journalThe size of the city from which the ism; the population of the city; the journalism students come is of greater general enrollment of the university significance than the location or popor college in all departments; the ulation of the home state. Cities membership or lack of membership in such as New York and Chicago, in the American Association of Schools which the school of journalism is fairand Departments of Journalism ly well understood and in which the (the professional school organization, newspapers give wide publicity to the whose membership is guarded by the activities of the schools, produce a Council on Education for Journallarge number of journalism students. ism) ; the number of journalism stuCities with 20,000 or more populadents in the graduate school, the tion, all of which support a daily number in senior, junior, sophomore, paper and have come to appreciate freshman, and special classes; and and understand the schools through the total number of journalism stustaff members, through the work dents in the professional school. of specially prepared high school HOME STATES OF STUDENTS teachers, and through the news of The home states of journalism stuschools of journalism, are producing dents conform, generally, to the professional students of journalism states in which the students are atin proportion to the extent of the tending professional schools, with the educational activity supported in exception of those states which have these cities. In some, the amount of no professional schools of journalism. educational activity is large and the Students in the latter are leaving number of professional students is their home states and taking their large. In others the number of colwork at schools in neighboring states lege men on the newspapers is small, OJ: are attending institutions which or the attitude of high school teachers do not offer full professional work in toward journalism as a profession is journalism. Of the seventeen states unenlightened, or the attitude of parwhich have no journalism schools ents who might have been educated none are. without student representathrough the newspapers is unappretion in the professional schools of the ciative, and as a result the cities proother states. The university which duce a very small number of jourhas a widely distributed alumni body nalism students and an equally small


An extraordinary chorus of praise greeted the first of these books in 1988. When I came to read it, just after the Whitman biography appeared in 1995, I was amazed by these responses since they did not acknowledge basic flaws in the use of the evidence the writer brings forward. The bulk of that evidence is indeed impressive. Reynolds has read and classified an extraordinary number of largely ignored works of all sorts and proceeds to associate their themes, subject matter, and the subversive views they display with the writings of Emerson, Thoreau, Whitman, Poe, Hawthorne, Melville, and Dickinson. The extensive selection of publications Reynolds juxtaposes with these major writers has impressed many scholars who did not, or did not at first, recognize the consequences of using Reynolds' method of associating our classic texts with his underworld publications. Reynolds sees the writings he brings forward as lying "beneath" his renaissance writers in more than one sense. He claims that they furnished matter which was used by the major writers, who put it to "literary" or "aesthetic" use. (The reader is left to infer the force of these terms. Apparently, they refer to the qualities of die canon as it stands— or, as some would have it, stood.) The second sense of "beneath" arises


The time-evolution of the fluorescence spectrum of a dissolved chromophore excited by an ultrafast pump pulse is considered. The average value of the energy difference of the solute in its excited and ground states is used to describe the relaxation of the maximum of the transient fluorescence spectrum to its equilibrium value (dynamic Stokes shift, DSS). A simple formula for the normalized DSS is obtained which generalizes an earlier standard classical expression and includes the effect of a pump pulse of finite duration. As an example, dielectric dispersion data are used for a dipolar solute in water to estimate the quantum correction to the standard DSS expression. The correction is negligible when the frequency of the pump pulse is close to the maximum in the absorption spectrum, but a deviation from the standard formula can be expected for the pump pulse tuned to a far wing of the absorption band of the chromophore. An expression is given for this deviation.


The 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been awarded to Venkatraman Ramakrishnan (MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, United Kingdom), Thomas Steitz (Yale University, United States) and Ada Yonath (Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel) for their studies in the structure and function of the ribosome, a macromolecular machine that carries out protein synthesis within the cell. The scientists, in an incredible tour de force that took over twenty years, applied X-ray crystallography in order to determine the atomic structure of this large macromolecular complex, alone and in association with the major components in the protein synthesis process. The resulting models have been essential to understand the mechanisms underlying this process, in particular how the ribosome is able to decode messenger RNA (which carries the genetic information stored in DNA), how peptide bond catalysis proceeds, and the way in which several antibiotics protect us from bacterial infections.


ABSTRACT Lin, S.L.; Tang, X., and Lei, C.Y., 2020. The influence of gender, extraversion and aggressiveness on the circle of friends for WeChat: Take 360 universities in port cities as research objects. In: Guido Aldana, P.A. and Kantamaneni, K. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Coastal Management, and Marine Science Technology. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 104, pp. 960–966. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. By examining the influence of gender, extraversion and aggressiveness on the circle of friends for WeChat, results of the experimental method show that schoolboys with strong aggressiveness and relative introversion (a little low-profile) are constantly received of likes and comments while schoolgirls with strong aggressiveness and relative extraversion (a little high-profile) are less possibly received of likes and comments sustainably the circle of friends for WeChat. Although the circle of friends for WeChat is a very private communication space, the communication behaviors are still being affected by the group norms. When the person in the circle of friends disseminates information, those in line with social stereotype are susceptible to cause groups' responses and vice versa. Advertisers can make use of those who stir more responses to push advertisements in the circle of friends for WeChat.


This subject provided by the mirror production of Dalian Asahi Float Glass Company.It was a counterplan of energy-saving project:the air-preheater of teminal water supplying boiler,which was heated by the exhaust from the exhaust gas incinerator of the mirror production.The thesis contructed with parameter calculation,possess configuration designing and financing accumulative.The specialty of this project can be described as following:for using the traditional method that added an air-preheater and using the new technology that choose the abio-heating pipe,gathered tradition and advanced technic into oneself perfectly.In order to escape from the losing from the elbows,the design has taken the distance between the flue and wind tunnel the into account.


A smart thermal flow sensor system is presented. It makes use of a novel heater control circuit, which can automatically set the operating mode to either constant power or constant temperature difference. It overcomes the limitations of single-mode thermal flow sensors, such as temperature overshoots at low flow rates at constant power mode, or excessive power consumption at high flow rates at constant temperature difference mode. The system is especially useful for temperature sensitive and portable applications, such as respiratory monitoring for medical diagnostics. In this article, a detailed description of the sensor's design, implementation, and experimental validation are presented. The proposed dual-mode flow sensor achieves an overtemperature reduction up to 9.5% compared with thermal flow sensors operating in constant power mode alone, and a power reduction up to 13.6% compared with thermal flow sensors operating in constant temperature difference mode alone for the flow range of 0 to 50 slm while offering an improved overall sensitivity.


A 46-year-old female presented with worsening bilateral flank and abdominal pain. Abdominal CT revealed bilateral enlarged kidneys containing lesions suggestive of multiple angiomyolipomas (AML) and bilateral enhancing solid renal masses suggestive of multifocal renal cell carcinoma (RCC) [Table/Fig-1a–b]. A chest CT disclosed multiple random pulmonary cysts and small nodules in both lungs compatible with lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) and multiple micronodular pneumatosis hyperplasia [Table/Fig-1c]. Overall findings were consistent with tuberous sclerosis (TS). The patient underwent bilateral renal artery branches embolization [Table/Fig-1d,e] with resolution of symptoms. Patient had another two admissions with same symptoms and signs, during which she underwent repeat embolizations for renal artery aneurysms. Patient was lost to follow up before initiation of any further therapy.

[Table/Fig-1]:

Axial (a) and coronal (b) views of contrast-enhanced CT scan of abdomen showing bilateral enlarged kidneys with multiple fat-containing lesions suggestive of angiomyolipomas (white arrows) and multiple enhancing solid renal lesions suspicious of multifocal ...

TS should be suspected when common manifestations are found, including renal AML (55-75%) and LAM (26-39%) [1]. AML is one of the leading causes of death in TS patients. Patients are at risk of serious complications such as life-threatening hemorrhage (25%–50%). As the disease progresses, end-stage renal disease leading to dialysis develops secondary to encroachment of AML on normal renal parenchyma [2].

Historically, treatment of TS has focused on watchful waiting and surgical procedures to reduce tumor burden. Embolization is preferred in the setting of recent or active hemorrhage, or when large or multiple aneurysms are present. At the molecular level, loss of the TS complex 1 (TSC1) or TSC2 gene has been associated with increased production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and inhibitors of mTOR have been shown to have an inhibitory effect on production of VEGF, tumor growth, and angiogenesis, both in vitro and in vivo. Everolimus is such an mTOR inhibitor approved for the treatment of adults with renal AML and TSC not requiring immediate surgery, based on favorable results from multicenter, international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials EXIST-1 and EXIST-2 [2].

In 2–5% of patients with TS, RCC may develop within dysplastic epithelial cysts. Intriguingly, the course of RCC in TS differs from that in the general population. The mean age of TS-associated RCC is 25 years lower than in those without TSC mutations. In addition, TS-related RCC is usually bilateral and is more often found in women. However, RCC may be over-diagnosed in this patient population given the difficulty in differentiating from fat-poor AML with imaging studies alone. Immunostaining is helpful in such cases, with human melanoma black 45 (HMB-45) stain being characteristic for TSC-associated AML and lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), while cytokeratin immunopositivity is typical for RCC [3].

LAM is characterized by cystic destruction of the lung caused by infiltration of smooth muscle cells and affects predominantly women, occurring more rarely in patients without TS (sporadic LAM). Symptomatic relief of air flow obstruction with bronchodilators and oxygen support can be used, as effective treatment options for this condition are lacking [2]. However, clinical evidence suggests that mTOR targeting can benefit other TSC-associated disease manifestations, including pulmonary LAM, thus rendering it a potential systemic treatment option for this genetic multifaceted disorder [4].


The effect of economic recession spread across the economy from the last six months and resulted in job cuts, layoffs, investments and corporate profits. This has made lot of impact on our way of life. If recession prolongs it may affect the Industrial economy and the functioning of Human Resources Management also. Few industries like Garment Industry have already announced layoffs and Retrenchment to their employees. The present Global Meltdown has made its effects on real estate, financial sectors and other fields. HRM and staff motivation are keys to success in this crisis period. Innovative HR practices are needed to overcome the current recession to make human life less miserable in Industry to sustain and improve profitability.


The data transmission apparatus and method are disclosed. The data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is a system for transmitting a plurality of packets constituting the transmission data to a receiver, a packet-specific weight for each of the transmission planned source packet at the current time point among the plurality of packets the error recovery packet using the packet converter, and a plurality of transport sessions in generating at least one error recovery packet from the source packets according to the packet by a weight computing section, by the calculated packet weights calculated in the receiving end the and a transmitter configured to transmit.


Swimming is known worldwide as one of the healthiest, low-impact forms of exercise and for the subsequent promotion of a strong body, heart, and mind. However, many swimmers and non-swimmers do not realize that swimming in a pool can have a negative effect on the oral cavity. Several studies have suggested that pool chlorination is responsible for dental erosion, calculus formation, and stain in competitive and recreational swimmers, and this phenomenon is known as 'swimmer's mouth.' A pilot experimental research study was conducted that evaluated the prevalence of chlorine stain in the oral cavity of twenty-one female swimmers from the University of New Mexico Swimming and Diving Team. Participants received a consent form, questionnaire, and basic oral screening to evaluate for staining. Utilizing the entire team, data revealed that all twenty-one individuals had staining as a result of 'swimmer's mouth.' The purpose of this pilot study was to assess this condition and determine if daily brushing and professional


Non-affiliated hospitals bear the theoretical teaching and clinical practice teaching task as an important clinical teaching base.Southern Medical University,transferred to local school has been restructured and has built a nearly 30 non-affiliated hospitals directly since 2004.It is significance that how to make full use of non-affiliated hospitals'favorable conditions,improve the teaching ability continuously,meet the needs of high-quality teaching resources as soon as possible,provide a broader space for development of medical colleges.


A rod was positioned upstream of a circular cylinder to enhance its heat transfer and reduce its drag in air stream. The results are increasing the overall heat transfer by 40% over and reducing the drag by 30% the value for a single circular cylinder. In the present, this technique applied to a single row of tubes. Heat transfer enhancement and drag reduction are important factor for multi-tube heat exchanger. The present study investigated the heat transfer and surface pressure characteristics of each tube for single row of tubes under various numbers of tubes, pitch and Reynolds number. The tube diameter, D, was 20 mm, and the rod diameter was 5 mm. The distance between the center axes of the rod and the tube was 30mm. The Reynolds number based on D ranged from 5.3×103 to 2.1×104 . The result is that this technique is effective for heat transfer enhancement and drag reduction of row of tube.


The role and importance of social learning have been investigated by many researchers because it is observed in many animals and is expected to play a significant role in cultural phenomena. We explore the coevolution between individual learning and social learning on a rugged fitness landscape as a realistic condition in which they can interact with each other. We demonstrate that social learning allows individuals not to have adaptive traits innately, and thus, has two important roles to enhance individual fitness. First, social learning spreads and keeps the adaptive phenotypes acquired by individual learning. Second, social learning enables individuals to explore a wide range of fitness landscape by the increased population diversity. Based on the difference of the roles of individual and social learning, they can work complementarily in the course of adaptive evolution on the rugged fitness landscape.


This paper has proposed robust quasi-sliding mode control for four wheel steering (4WS) vehicle based on vehicle side slip angle tracking with consideration of the variation of the center of vehicle gravity and disturbance of lateral wind, which are both in bounded ranges. By replacing ideal switching function with saturation function and setting a proper thickness of boundary layer, the controller is able to depress or avoid the chattering of control signal, effectively track zero sideslip angle at steady-state, and is insensitive to the variation of vehicle parameters and external disturbance. Compared with conventional two wheel steering (2WS) vehicle, the simulation results indicate that the 4WS vehicle with robust quasi-sliding mode controller can be designed to achieve the desirable robust stability, and reduces the vehicle steady-state sideslip angle to zero rapidly.


The aimed of the study was to explore the presence of Rhizobium bacteria along the northern coast of Central Java, to develop a saline-resistant legumes. Rhizobium bacteria is a mutualistic bacterium capable of symbiosis with legumes so that legumes crop yields increase. The research begins with sampling of soil and root nodule of forage legumes along the Northern Coast of Central Java including Tegal, Pekalongan, Semarang, Demak, Pati. Soil samples were analysed for salinity, Total Dissolved Solids, and pH. Rhizobium bacteria were isolated from the acquired root nodule, then identified by biochemical test to ensure that the isolates obtained were Rhizobium bacteria. The results showed that the five districts/municipal sites sampled by the soil have very low salinity to very high levels. The highest level of soil salinity was found in Demak (Sayung) which has an electrical conductivity value (EC) of 17.77 mmhos/cm. The EC values of legumes overgrown soils showed a low salinity level while bare soils have high salinity levels. Feed crops legumes that could be found in the northern coast of Central Java were Centrosema pubescens, Calopogonium mucunoides, Leucaena leucocephala, and Sesbania grandiflora. The study obtained 6 kinds of isolates of rhizobium bacteria isolated from forage legumes, included 1) Centrosema pubescens isolated from Pekalongan, 2) Centrosema pubescens isolated from Tegal, 3) Calopogonium mucunoides isolated from Pekalongan, 4) Leucaenaleucocephala isolated from Tegal, 5) Leucaena leucocephala isolated from Semarang, 6) Sesbania grandiflora isolated from Tegal.


The present invention provides a plate heat exchanger with a low-pressure fall characteristic, capable of reducing a damnification of a heat transferring board caused by heat distortion to a minimum, wherein the heat distortion is caused by the temperature of a working fluid. The plate heat exchangers of the invention are jointed in a mutual superposition status, and the space between two neighboring exchangers is provided with a plurality of heat transferring plates (1) with flow passages for working fluid. Each heat transferring plate (1) is provided with a plurality of chevron or elliptic convex parts (2) and coves (3) in a prescribed interval formed on its surface in turn, and the heat transferring plates are jointed by welding their external edge. In the plate heat exchanger, by means of reducing the flowed friction of the working fluid, it is able to ensure the plate heat exchanger have low-pressure fall characteristic and reduce the damnification of the heat transferring plate caused by the heat distortion to a minimum.


Extractive summarization aims to produce a concise summary while retaining the key information through the way of selecting sentences from the original document. Under such background, learning inter-sentence relations has hitherto been the issue of most concern. In this study, we propose a Star architecture based model for extractive summarization (StarSum), that takes advantage of self-attention strategy based Transformer and star-shaped structure, models sentences within a document as satellite nodes and introduces a virtual star node, constructs a star model for each document to learn inter-sentence relations. Based on the constructed star-shaped model, we further develop two sentence representation learning algorithms, namely star guiding satellite (SGS) algorithm and star incorporating satellite (SIS) algorithm, in order to extract summary-worthy sentences. Experimental results on CNN/Daily Mail, New York Times (NYT) and XSum datasets prove that StarSum model achieves advanced performance for extractive summarization and has comparable performance to the state-of-the-art extractive summarization model. The results also demonstrate that the SIS algorithm is more effective than the SGS algorithm.


In this paper, a calibration-free wavelength modulation model via tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy was setup. The laser modulation characteristics, modulation depth, linear modulation amplitude and frequency shift, were measured for the model setup. The experimental results show that modulation depth and the linear intensity modulation amplitude have well linear fitting to the scan voltage. Based on the laser parameters, the calibration-free model can be used to infer the gas temperature.


Results are presented of Stark‐tuned Lamb‐dip measurements in the 6 μm ν4 and 2ν2 bands of 14NH3 obtained using an isotopic CO laser with an intracavity Stark cell. Some 230 lines from the isotopes 12C 16O, 13C 16O, 12C 18O, and 13C 18O were investigated with fields up to 30 kV/cm. 71 coincidences with Stark‐tuned NH3 lines, involving several hundred Lamb dips, were assigned and analyzed. The positions of these lines relative to the CO laser lines are reported with a typical accuracy of 5–20 MHz. Model calculations of Lamb‐dip spectra are also given that include power and pressure broadening and the collisionally transferred resonances. These are directly compared with observed spectra, from which we deduce values for the pressure broadening coefficients and the collisional transfer efficiency. Nuclear hyperfine structure is resolved on several lines, and from fitting one of these we obtained the value eqQ=−4.83±0.3 MHz for the nuclear quadrupole coupling constant in the s2ν2 (J=10, K=9) state. We see num...


of the card catalogs in the Harvard-Yenching Library. Seven articles serve as guidelines for evaluating and acquiring Chinese rare books and provide an introduction to the rare book collections in the Harvard-Yenching Library. The last three articles present the history of and guide to the Harvard-Yenching Library. In an appendix William Sheh Wong, a former East Asian librarian and professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, sketches Ch'iu's life and contributions. The editor, Cheng, has made an admirable effort to collect more than thirty published and a few unpublished articles by Ch'iu. Some articles are in both English and Chinese. They can serve as dependable and convenient resources for librarians and scholars interested in the history of East Asian librarianship in the United States. These articles, particularly those on classification, cataloging, and Chinese rare books, not only are good resources for understanding the history and principles of the classification system for the Far East collections of some major universities in the United States but are also excellent materials in examining Ch'iu's contributions to Asian American librarianship. However, the volume would be much more useful if Cheng had included more solid scholarly essays about Ch'iu's works. For example, Cheng attributes Ch'iu's achievements mainly to the training of the Boone Library School. But Ch'iu mentions in his reminiscences that his experiences with books and economics he encountered in his early childhood and youth "furnished the basis for my education in America" (3). Moreover, the articles Ch'iu wrote about Chinese classification and rare books showcase his broad knowledge of Chinese classical literature, philosophy, history, and art. Can we assume that Ch'iu's cultural background was another important factor in forming his "library spirit"? If the editor had included some articles about this aspect, the volume would have more scholarly value. In addition, library service was the core of Ch'iu's long career. He once said, "Don't let any user go away from the library empty-handed."1 It would have been nice if Cheng had provided some information on the service aspect and thereby presented a more complete picture of Ch'iu's accomplishments.


Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of combined warm needling and losartan potassium in treating proteinuria due to primary chronic nephritis of spleen-kidney qi deficiency type and to provide an effective method for treating chronic nephritis of spleen-kidney qi deficiency type. Methods Sixty chronic nephritis patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to two groups. The treatment group received warm needling plus oral administration of losartan potassium 50 mg/d and the control group,oral administration of losartan potassium 50 mg/d only. The course of treatment was 3 months. Post-treatment symptom scores,the results of routine uranalysis and the amounts of 24-hour urine protein excretion were compared between the two groups. Results At the end of treatment course,the total score decreased significantly more in the treatment group than in the control group (P0.01). The mean post-treatment scores of symptoms including lumbar soreness,lassitude,edema,hyporexia and gastric distention also did (P0.01). Urine protein decreased significantly more in the treatment group than in the control group (P0.05). Conclusion Combined warm needling and losartan potassium has clinically a good therapeutic effect on proteinuria due to chronic nephritis of spleen-kidney qi deficiency type.


This paper introduces Muse, an interactive visualization of publications to explore the collaborations between institutions. For this, the data on co-authorship is utilized, as these signify an existing level of collaboration. The affiliations of authors are geo-located, resulting in relations not only among institutions, but also between regions and countries. We explain our ideas behind the visualization and the interactions, and briefly describe the data processing and the implementation of the working prototype. The prototype focuses on a visualization for large tabletop displays, enabling multiple users to explore their personal networks, as well as emerging patterns in shared networks within a collaborative public setting. For the prototype we used the publication data of the EC-TEL conference.


Twitter can be a source of public opinion data and sentiment. Such data can be used efficiently for marketing or social studies. In this research addresses this issue by measuring net sentiment based on customer satisfaction through customer's sentiment analysis from Twitter data. Sample model is built and extracted from more than 3.000 raw Twitter messages data from March to April 2016 of top marketplace in Indonesia. We compared several algorithms, and the classification schemes. The sentiments are classified and compared using five different algorithms classification. There are, K-Nearest Neighbor, Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine. The five machine learning can be applied to the Indonesian-language sentiment analysis. Preprocessing on the stages of tokenization, parsing, and stop word deletion of word frequency counting. Frequency of the word of the document used weighted by TF-IDF. The Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Logistic Regression generate better accuracy and stable compared with the Naïve Bayes and K-Nearest Neighbor. The results showed Support Vector Machine has accuracy 81.82% with 1000 sampling dataset and 85.4% with 2000 sampling dataset. This shows that the more the number of training data will improve the accuracy of the system. The Net Sentiment score for marketplace in Indonesia is 73%. This results also showed that customer satisfaction has average Net Promoter Score (NPS) 3.3%.


Background and Aim Dysmenorrhea is a dull abdominal pain that may radiate to lower back and thigh beginning approximately two days before menstruation. Pelvic floor strengthening is favorable in reducing dysmenorrhea. Alteration in muscle function due to hormonal imbalance can also cause dysmenorrhea. Lower rectus abdominis trigger points TrPs deactivation relieves dysmenorrhea. Restoring correct spine mobility by deactivating quadratus lumborum trigger points may improve dysmenorrhea. Gluteus medius commonly develops satellite triggers in response to active quadratus lumborum triggers. Myokinetic active release technique can be effectively used to treat TrPs. This study aimed to find if myokinetic active release of TrPs of rectus abdominis gluteus medius and quadratus lumborum is better than pelvic floor muscle strengthening in reducing dysmenorrhea.Methods This experimental trial was done in research lab of Department of Physiotherapy SBSPGI Dehradun. This experimental study comprised of 40 subjects randomly divided into two groups namely Group 1 and Group 2. Each group consisted of 20 subjects. Subjects in Group 1 were prescribed pelvic floor muscle strengthening and those in Group 2 were prescribed myokinetic active release of triggers points. Pre-and post-treatment visual analogue scale VAS scores were recorded and analyzed. Paired t test was used for within the group and unpaired t test was used for between the group comparisons.Results The results showed both the treatment protocols to be significantly effective p lt0.0001 but on comparison of data between the groups Group 2 was found to be better.Conclusion Both the techniques were found to be effective in treating dysmenorrhea however myokinetic active release was observed to be superior.


In this study, the preparation of iron chelate solution by using ligands such as citric acid and triethanolamine, which are cheaper, and their stability at high pH were investigated. Iron which is an important nutrient for plants is becoming useless for plants by forming water-insoluble iron hydroxide or iron carbonate compounds in soils having a high pH and chalky. Receiving a plant body of iron ions and elimination of iron ion deficiency in plants is possible with that it is in water-soluble form of this iron ion. Not receiving the iron ion to plant body or inadequate intake causes to which is becoming Iron deficiency chlorosis of the plant. The iron chelate solution which is comfortably usable in the soil of our country were prepared and the effects of this iron chelate solution on the growth of NC-7 and COM peanut varieties were investigated.


As a member of the board of directors of the Co-Opera Theatre from its inception to its demise I had an opportunity to be aware of its objectives and to observe its accomplishments and failures.


Religious destinations today are visited by a large number of tourists, whose travel motives may vary from purely religious to purely secular. Diverse motives and on-site experiences are, in turn, causing a shift in the identity perception of these destinations. However, research is still limited regarding the dynamic relationship between travelers' motivation and the perceived identity of a religious space. Using a theoretical–thematic analysis, this study analyzes the online written accounts of visitors to Camino de Santiago (a route-based pilgrimage site) to understand (i) the motivational and experiential differences among religious versus non-religious travelers, and (ii) the perceived identity of Camino with respect to Smith's "pilgrimage–tourism continuum". Despite the increase in secular motives, the majority of travelers showed some form of spiritual connection with Camino. Concurrent with the contemporary shifts in the idea of "religion", Camino continues to be a religious place driven by inner goals, albeit in a more personal, interpretive, and "spiritual" way.


We provide sufficient conditions for instability of the subgradient method with constant step size around a local minimum of a locally Lipschitz semi-algebraic function. They are satisfied by several spurious local minima arising in robust principal component analysis and neural networks.


As compared with the previous volume, the emphasis in the discussions of disarmament has shifted from "general and complete disarmament" to arms control, arms limitation, arms freeze. Many of the authors do not discuss disarmament, in any form, at all, or only by way of a marginal reference in the closing paragraphs. There is sound, workmanlike research in such contributions as 'The Effect of Disarmament on the Balance of Payments of the United Kingdom" by Arthur Brown and "East-West Trade in an Arms Control Context" by Alec Nove. There is a thoughtful and thought-provoking, analytical paper on "Convergence of Economic Systems in East and West" by Linnemann, Pronk, and Tinbergen of the Netherlands Economic Institute. At the other end of the scale there is an after-dinnerspeech type of contribution by Arthur Barber of the U.S. Department of Defense, advocating the extension of the principle of "private profit in public service" from defence to state and local functions, including the provision of social services. This is matched by the Czech paper, Ludek Urban's "Some Effects of Disarmament on Research and Development," which is verbose, loosely reasoned, and makes no analytical or empirical contribution.


AbstractA set of fully nonlinear Boussinessq-type equations (BTEs) with improved linear and nonlinear dispersive performance is presented. The highest order of the derivatives is three in the equations, and they use the minimum number of unknowns: the free surface elevation and the horizontal velocity at a certain depth. The equations allow reduction of the errors both in linear frequency dispersion and shoaling below 0.30% for kh≤5, and below 2.2% for kh≤10, with k as the wave number and h as the water depth. The weakly nonlinear performance is also improved for kh≤2. A simple fourth-order explicit numerical scheme is presented to test the linear and nonlinear behavior of the model equations against analytical and experimental results.


Today, energy is one of the most important human needs. Due to the limitation of fossil fuel resources, the issue of controlling energy costs, reducing the effects of energy conversion and consumption on the environment, reducing power losses and operating costs is of great importance. In this study, the problem of minimizing power loss and operating cost in the presence of distributed generation (DG) units and battery storages (BSs) has been optimized. The objective functions of this article include minimizing power loss and operating cost. In order to solve the non-linear and non-convex optimization problem of energy management in the distribution network, an IPSO algorithm is presented to overcome the complexities of this optimization problem. The optimization problem has been carried out by the IPSO in a 24-hour period with an initial population of 500 and a maximum number of iterations of 3000 and in 2 different scenarios on a 33-bus network. The results show that the simultaneous optimal location of DG units and BSs in the problem of energy management in the distribution network has reduced power losses and operating costs by 4 and 1.8 percent compared to the separate location of DG units in the distribution network. The proposed method is applied to a 33-bus IEEE standard distribution test system in order to evaluate its efficacy and adaptability, and the findings are then contrasted with those of other methodologies.


From Maine to Kentucky, they built communal villages whose unique buildings were designed to accommodate hundreds of inhabitants unified in the common purpose of work and worship. This work illustrates the beauty, regional variations, and functional stylistic evolution of Shaker buildings over the course of two centuries, evoking a visual and literary survey of Shaker design and its impact on American culture as a whole. Despite the fact that Shaker communities are almost extinct, an appreciation for their legacy continues to grow. Architects, designers, curators, collectors, and the public have sought inspiration in Shaker art and architecture. This book is for all those who wish to learn more about these remarkable buildings and how the rich cultural legacy of the Shakers continues to resonate within them.


This paper tries to create a theoretical framework to analyze the feasibility and the prospective contribution of implementing the telecom network management (TNM) system model into the supply chain management (SCM) field. After examining the similarities of the two systems, the paper focuses on the merits and reliabilities of the telecom network management system that can enlighten the future trend of SCM system. The detailed analysis tries to contribute to the existing literature on SCM in light of the dynamic control and analysis requirements. Finally, a new innovative IT-oriented solution is proposed for solving the above mentioned problems


A microwave oven is provided to store a large amount of cooking information without expanding the size of a microchip by analyzing and resetting cooking information memorized in the microchip of an electronic tag. A microwave oven is composed of an electronic tag having a microchip storing cooking information, a radio frequency identification reader(11) reading cooking information from the microchip, a decision unit(23) deciding cooking information from the radio frequency identification reader to be final cooking information or intermediate cooking information, a cooking information processing unit(24) making intermediate cooking information into final cooking information by resetting cooking information and keeping final cooking information, and a driving unit cooking food according to final cooking information of the cooking information processing unit. The cooking information processing unit resets intermediate cooking information according to kinds of food, and a read information memory unit(25) stores cooking information from the radio frequency identification reader.


(57) Abstract: fuel display device known from German Patent No. 3046076 publication, fuel consumption whether within a predetermined range drivers can see at a glance, it appears travelable distance at the present time It is. An object of the present invention is a display unit for displaying data depends on the energy consumption of the vehicle is to clearly display the most important data that depends on the energy consumption and energy tank content. This object is achieved by the display unit depending on the energy current amount and the vehicle specific consumption spectrum in the tank system, and displays a travelable distance obtained from the maximum average consumption and minimum average consumption of the prime mover that.


This study examines about Prosthetic robotics technology which gradually continue to develop so that its use is wider. In this research author designed a control system on Microcontroller to move Prosthetic Arm. Prosthetic is an artificial device to replace the missing part of the body, this condition can occur through the condition at birth (abnormalities), illness and trauma. The purpose of this research is to create a Prosthetic Arm Prototype that can perform motion gripping, squeezing and removing. Prosthetic Arm was designed by using several control systems such as NANO Arduino, servo motor, flex sensor and Bluetooth as the main component. The Prosthetic Arm movement can only be operated based on the input of the control system that has been designed so that the movement operating on the Prosthetic Arm is desired. The result of this study shows that Prosthetic Arms can do gripping motion at 155° – 173° servo degree, squeezing motion at 180° servo degree and removing motion at 0° servo degree.


"literature" not "belles lettres in the traditional sense" (xxiii), but rather "written discourse describing or reflecting initiatives for nonviolent social change" (xiii). This broader definition proves to be useful in exploring the diversity of American culture, as does his decision to include two definitions of nonviolence—"vision of love as an agent for fundamental social change" and the second, strategic or pragmatic nonviolence, defined by True as a "method ofwielding social, political, and economic power" (xii). When reading this history, one will encounter many familiar names in the history of American Literature—Melville, Hawthorne, Twain, Hemingway, Thoreau and others, but the most interesting, and perhaps also the most influential writers on nonviolence have not been writers of fiction but essayists, pamphleteers and poets. True briefly sketches the lives and works of persons like Penn, Woolman, Paine, Garrison, Ballou, Burritt, Debs, Goldman, Day, King, etc., but many readers will find themselves more intrigued by the treatment he gives to perhaps lesser known figures. I have made a list formyselfofwriters True mentions whom I need to know more about, like Meridel LeSeuer, Muriel Rukeyser, Ammon Hennacy, Randolph Bourne, Stanley Kunitz, and Thomas McGrath, and no doubt many other readers interested both in cultural history and in the specific history ofnonviolence in America will make similar lists oftheir own. One leaves a reading of the whole book not only looking forward to encountering these unfamiliar voices, but also with the deepened awareness of the existence of a narrative that must be heard and promulgated if the "peaceable kingdom" imagined byAmerica's early founders is ever to be realized.


Cotton fabrics pre-treated by anhydrous succinic acid were modified chemically with metal ions such as Cu2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+ to give antifungal activities. A pre-treatment by anhydrous succinic acid, associ ated with an increase in the amount of substituted carboxyl groups,was done to accelerate an increase in the amount of the adsorbed metals. The antifungal efficacy was tested by using Trichophyton mentagrophytes (T. mentagrophytes) IFO 5466 cultivated for 1-7 days. For the samples cultivated for 7 days, the growth inhibitory rate for Cu2+, Zn2+ and Fe2+ finishing cotton fabrics were 67.992.9 %, 57.1-87.1% and 35.7-85.6%, respectively. The values were higher than 20.0-50.0% obtained for commercial antimicrobial-deodorant fabrics. The tensile strength of modified fabrics was hardly affected by the amount of anhydrous succinic acid. In spite of the increase in the amount of anhydrous succinic acid, no change of color was recognized on Zn2+ finishing cotton fabrics, while a little coloration was found on Cu2+ finishing cotton fabrics at a low content of Cu2+. Thus, it turns out that Zn2+ and Cu2+ finishing cotton fabrics developed in this study can be applied to hygienic methods for fabrics. The antifungal efficacy was also tested on the finishing cotton fabrics after laundering and light exposure. The growth inhibitory rate decreased as the number of laundering times increased and the irradiating time, but this tendency was less obvious compared to commercial antimicrobial-deodorant fabrics. (Received May 6, 2003; Accepted in revised form November 10, 2003)


The relevance of the work is due to the introduction of new high-intensity mining technologies underground, the conduct of mining operations at ever greater depths of coal and ore, changes in the explosive properties of the extracted raw materials, as well as incidents and accidents of varying severity occurring at mining facilities. There is an opinion that one of the causes of accidents and emergencies in mines is the inability to take into account both the features of the manifestation of the properties of the rock mass and the change in the explosive properties of minerals. The problem of applying a risk-oriented approach, namely a comprehensive assessment of the risk of accidents, in this case fires and/or explosions, has not been resolved. The applied risk calculation methods are diverse, as a rule, the accuracy of the results is low, and none of them allows taking into account all the identifiable hazards that lead to the occurrence of endogenous and exogenous fires, as well as explosions of hybrid mixtures in the space of mine workings. This article attempts to study in detail the prerequisites for applying a risk-based approach to solving this problem. Theoretical approaches and risk assessment in mines and mines are considered and methods are given that allow in express mode to obtain up-to-date information on the explosive and fire hazardous properties of the extracted raw materials.


The current study intended to investigate the effectiveness of Emotion Freedom Technique (EFT) on pregnant women's perceived stress and resilience. This research utilized a quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest and control group. Using convenience sampling, 30 pregnant women referring to Parsa hospital were selected, and they were randomly assigned into two groups. First, both groups completed Perceived Stress Questionnaire and Resilience Questionnaire. Then, the experimental group received Emotion Freedom Technique intervention for eight sessions. But, the control group received no intervention. After the intervention sessions, both groups were assessed once more. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of covariance. Findings suggested the efficacy of emotion freedom technique on resilience and perceived stress; namely, the experimental group's scores on perceived stress have significantly decreased, while its scores on resilience have significantly increased. Effect size of this effectiveness, being 0.90 for both variables, indicates the power of this technique. Therefore, this technique can be used to decrease the problems related to stress and resilience increase of the pregnant women.


Introduction Jeddah Community College(JCC) is one of the Saudi Community Colleges that are working in almost all important cities and towns. The curriculum design is though localised, yet it is in harmony with the national interest and objectives of education.The level of education in Saudi is mainly divided into: primary, secondary and tertiary. English is taught in the primary school when the target learners are around 13/14 years of the age. Those students who have completed the secondary level are supposed to have six academic years of studying English.And, this is the entry point of tertiary education. English is pursued as a major subject as a part of foundation year program in almost allthecommunity/technical/industrial/engineering/medical/health /management colleges. Saudi Arabia, being the centre of Islam practises and focuses Arabic as the medium of general communication, business and religion. But, in recent year, a due focus has been given on the achievement of English as the government realises the power of English as lingua franca, international understanding and global business.Thus, the government is not leaving any stone unturned in making an attempt to popularise and achieve the maximum level possible.The time has come to study as to the factor like attitude is influential. And,if it is so whether the teachers also have positive attitude towards changing the attitude of the learners, and teach them as per the need Relevance of 'Attitude' in the EFL context 'Attitude' is one of the most important components of one's personality. It includes psychological, emotional and behavioural aspects. It leads to the level of involvement in some expected human activities. In the view of Chapman and McKnight (2004), 'attitude is the way a person looks at things mentally; it represents the overallmood in which people interpret what a person says and does. Attitude has been identified as one of the most crucial factors in learning a second or a foreign language. It plays a major role in arousing students' interest and motivation to learn. Though many researchers and the pedagogues attempted to investigates the issues related to ESL/EFL context, Gardner's (1985) is the landmark work that provided the actual platform for many researchers to undertake studies that fall under the category of motivation and attitude. Gardener opines attitudes as a component of motivation in language learning. According to him,' motivation includes favourable attitudes towards learning the language. He further saysthatlearning a foreign language is determined by the learner's attitude towards foreign people in general, and the target group and language in particular. From many other studies, a few as mentionedhere confirm the effect of attitude on language achievement such as Basturkman(1998), Pendergrass et al.(2001), Pritchard & Nasr(2004), Joseba(2005), Sidek et al.( 2006),Hui(2007) and Venkatraman&Prema (2007). In this connection, for example, Pendergrass et al. (2001) point out that English is an essential tool in the engineering education and, therefore, integrating English into engineering, science and math courses is an effective way to improve the performance of engineering students in oral and written communication" (p. 1). Low proficiency in English may be attributed to several social, economic and psycholinguistic factors. For example, the petroleum engineering students' motivation towards the English language was found as a key factor which influences the rate and success of second/foreign language learning (McDonough, 1983; Ellis, 1994). McDonough (1983, p.142) states that


Recently, many efforts have been made to improve the device performance of nanocrystal memory by replacing the SiO2 with various high dielectric constant (high-k) materials, especially embedded with Ge nanocrystals. This paper demonstrates the floating gate memory effect by embedding nanometer-sized Ge nanocrystals in hafnium aluminate (HfAlO) high-k gate dielectric. A 5 nm-thick amorphous thin film of HfAlO was first deposited on (100) p-Si substrates as a tunneling gate oxide layer by laser molecular beam epitaxy deposition using a HfO2 and Al2O3 composite target. Well-defined (~10 nm in diameter) nanometer-sized Ge dots were subsequently deposited on this thin tunneling gate oxide followed by a 30 nm-thick top control gate oxide of HfAlO. Transmission electron microscopy has been carried out for a detailed study of structural properties of the Ge nanocrystals embedded in the HfAlO films, and their relationships to electrical properties. Electrical properties have been characterized by means of high-frequency capacitance-voltage (C-V) and current-voltage (I-V) measurements on the metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors. A counter-clockwise hysteresis C-V loop has been obtained and a threshold voltage shift of 1.0 V has been achieved indicating stored electrons (up to a density of 2x1012 cm-2) in the Ge-nanodots floating gate and thus the memory effect. Time-dependent I-V measurement also showed low leakage current of floating gate system. These results suggest that the Ge nanocrystals embedded in HfAlO are promising for floating gate memory device application.


The concept of combinatoriality originated in Schoenberg's row compositions and was subsequently generalized as a compositional technique by Babbitt and others during the 1950s.* It is a scheme for the contrapuntal combination of rows that is consistent with the more fundamental concept of pitch-class saturation which predated the initial canonization of row technique by at least a decade. Webern states:


We present a human face location technique based on contour extraction within the framework of a wavelet-based video compression scheme for videoconferencing applications. In addition to an adaptive quantization in which spatial constraints are enforced to preserve perceptually important information at low bit rates, semantic information of the human face is incorporated to design a hybrid compression scheme for videoconferencing, since the face is often the most important part and should be coded with high fidelity. The human face is detected based on contour extraction and feature point analysis. An approximate face mask is then used in the quantization of the decomposed subbands. At the same total bit rate, coarser quantization of the background enables the face region to be quantized finer and coded with a higher quality. Moreover, the resultant larger quantization noise in the background can be suppressed using an edge-preserving enhancement algorithm. Experimental results have shown that the perceptual image quality is greatly improved using the proposed scheme.


Abstract Sesbania bispinosa belongs to the family Fabaceae contains appreciable percentage of antidiabetic cyclitol known as (+)-pinitol. A rapid high-performance liquid chromatography method has been developed for estimating the pinitol content in methanol extracts of S. bispinosa (roots, stems, leaves, flowers and pods) with respect to its harvesting age. Chromatographic separation was carried out on XBridge Amide column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm coating) using isocratic elution of solvent system comprising water: acetonitrile (80:20) and water: acetonitrile (30:70) with 0.2% triethylamine at 30°C. The RP-HPLC-PDA-RI and LC-MS/MS analyses have shown significant variations of pinitol content in roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and pods extracts of S. bispinosa with respect to a particular harvesting age. At pre-fruiting stage, the highest percentage of pinitol was detected in all the parts of the plant extracts (roots: 2.72%, stems: 2.81%, leaves: 2.32% and pods: 3.92%). Therefore, it is recommended to harvest the plant at pre-fruiting stage for getting highest amounts (0.16%) of total pinitol. As a result, the pinitol content might be employed as a reference marker to decide the harvesting age of S. bispinosa.


The sintered alumina (Al2O3) ceramic materials featured with high temperature stability, excellent wear resistance, and high strength are highly in demand for various commercial applications. Alumina ceramics in the sintered state are difficult to machine owing to their high hardness. This research focuses on the study on the machinability of sintered alumina ceramic materials by using chemical vapor deposition diamond coating tools. Milling cutting tests are performed on a common 3-axis computer numerical control milling center. Four fluted tungsten carbide end mills with chemical vapor deposition diamond coating are utilized to machine alumina ceramics at different cutting speeds, feed rates, and widths of cut. The cutting process outcome is evaluated based on the machined surface's finish, tool wear and life, the material removal rate, and the cutting force. It is found that the milling machining process for alumina ceramic materials using chemical vapor deposition diamond coating tools is feasible with adequate machining conditions, and the machining outcome largely depends on the cutting conditions. Two alumina ceramics parts are also fabricated to demonstrate the feasibility of proposed machining processes. The details of the machining experiments and the obtained results are presented in this article.


The following sections are included:BACKGROUNDTHE SEQUENCE OF GAMESALTERNATE SEQUENCE-OF-GAMES FORMALIZATIONSUNENDING GAMESCONCLUSIONSAPPENDIXREFERENCES(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)


Abstract Examination of the Infrare and Raman spectra of cis, cis-dipropenyl ether (which was produced by isomerization of diallyl ether) has produced evidence for strong vibrational coupling between the two double-bonds. This ether has strong bands it 1655 cm−1 in the infrared and at 1691 cm−1 in the Raman. The 1658 cm−1 band in the Raman is about 10 fold less intense than the strong polarised band. Thus it appears reasonable to associate the strong IR and Raman bands with the asymmetric and symmetric vibrations shown.


The deleterious effects of cardiac iron load on the ventricular repolarization were demonstrated in beta-thalassemia major (βTM), but little is known about the P wave measurements, an independent risk factor for development of atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to examine relationship between P-wave parameters and iron loading using cardiac T2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in asymptomatic β-TM patients. The study involved 22 β-TM patients and 22 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Although P-wave parameters were within normal limits, P max, P min, and Pi were significantly prolonged in the β-TM group compared to the healthy controls (p=0.005, p=0.01, and p=0.03, respectively). Pd was found similar between groups (p=0.46). The prevalence of partial IAB was increased in patients with β-TM (p=0.001) and complete IAB was detected only in one patient. P-wave parameters of patients with cardiac T2* =20 msec were comparable in patients with β-TM. There was no correlation between P-wave parameters and cardiac T2*MRI values. The present study demonstrated that P-wave measurements were slightly affected in β-TM patients with preserved LV functions and this influence was not related with cardiac T2*MRI values. We concluded that the effect of β-TM on the AF development is still controversial.


The purpose of this contribution is to assess the effects of N-limitation on algal photosynthesis and address the key physiological and biochemical interactions that occur between the assimilation of inorganic nitrogen and algal photosynthesis and carbon metabolism