An electrically heatable honeycomb body has an axis (1) surrounded by an inner region (2), an outer region (3) at a distance from the latter and a stack consisting of at least one metal sheet (4, 5) located between the inner region (2) and the outer region (3). The stack is coiled in a spiral consisting of a plurality of coils around the inner region (2). The stack (6) contains a plurality of bridges (7, 8) each of which connects two adjacent, interspaced coils electrically and mechanically so that the coils and the bridges (7, 8) form a multi-branched current path for an electric current flowing between the inner region (2) and the outer region (3). Each coil is an integral part of the current path. The honeycomb body has a structure which can withstand particularly high mechanical stresses. The current path formed in the honeycomb body provides an adequate electrical resistance allowing the honeycomb body to be used as a catalyst support in the exhaust gas system of a motor vehicle.


While a large number of methods of determining contents of Zn and Ni in acidic Zn-Ni alloy plating bath was reported, few of methods for determining Zn and Ni in alkaline Zn-Ni alloy plating bath were reported. With (NH_4)_2S_2O_4 as oxidant, a red complex was resulted from Ni and C_4H_8N_2O_2 in alkaline solution, Ni content was determined by colorimetry; and Zn content was calculated by subtracting Ni content from the total content of Zn and Ni which was determined through using EDTA titration. This method can also be used in the determination of contents of Zn and Ni in Zn-Ni alloy coating. Being accurate and fast, this method can meet the demands of practical production.


This presentation will review some of the latest state-of-the-art developments in cold-atom inertial sensors developped at the SYRTE laboratory in Paris.


It is shown that bond contraction and nonbonding lone-pair interaction dominate at nitride surfaces. The maximum elastic recovery of a nitride surface was found to be 100% under a relatively lower nanoindentation load (<1.0 mN) and the hardness of the surface was found to be 100% higher than the bulk value. It is interpreted that the spontaneous bond contraction, estimated at 12%–14%, strengthens the binding energy and hence the hardness and Young's modulus at the surface. The lone-pair weak interaction claims the responsibility for (i) the high elastic recovery, (ii) the lower Raman frequencies of vibration, and (iii) the existence of critical loads for slide friction or lone-pair broken.


The Michel parameter rho(tau --> e) is determined through studying the electron energy spectrum of tau --> ev (v) over bar decay by Beijing Spectrometer(BES). This paper describes the electron identification with dE / dx, beta, E / p informations for charged particles and their adequate combinations using e(+)e(-) collision data collected at root s = 4.03GeV.


Aims The surgical treatment of tuberculosis (TB) of the spine consists of debridement and reconstruction of the anterior column. Loss of correction is the most significant challenge. Our aim was to report the outcome of single‐stage posterior surgery using bone allografts in the management of this condition. Patients and Methods The study involved 24 patients with thoracolumbar TB who underwent single‐stage posterior spinal surgery with a cortical bone allograft for anterior column reconstruction and posterior instrumentation between 2008 and 2015. A unilateral approach was used for 21 patients with active TB, and a bilateral approach with decompression and closing‐opening wedge osteotomy was used for three patients with healed TB. Results A median of 1.25 vertebrae were removed (interquartile range (IQR) 1 to 1.75) and the median number of levels that were instrumented was five (IQR 3 to 6). The median operating time was 280 minutes (IQR 230 to 315) and the median blood loss was 700 ml (IQR 350 to 900). The median postoperative kyphosis was 8.5° (IQR 0° to 15°) with a mean correction of the kyphosis of 71.6%. Good neurological recovery occurred, with only two patients (8%) requiring assistance to walk at a mean follow‐up of 24 months (9 to 50), at which time there was a mean improvement in disability, as assessed by the Oswestry Disability Index, of 83% (90% to 72%). Conclusion The posterior‐only approach using cortical allografts for anterior column reconstruction achieved good clinical and radiological outcomes. Differentiation should be made between flexible (active) and rigid (healed) TB spine.


The interest in nitride coatings based on high-entropy alloys (HEAs) has increased rapidly in the last decade. According to a number of papers, such high-entropy nitride (HEN) coatings have a single-phase structure and properties that significantly exceed those of simpler nitride systems. These properties include high hardness, wear resistance, oxidation resistance and thermal stability. It is believed that these distinctive properties are due to the high entropy of mixing, which increases with an increase in the number of elements in the composition. However, comparison with various binary and ternary systems shows that better properties are not typical of each HEA-based coating, and the effect of the number of elements competes with other factors that can make even more pronounced contributions to the structure and properties of the coating. Because of fragmentation of data on the structure and properties of high-entropy coatings, a unified concept of alloying is needed. This review compares the methods for obtaining HEN coatings, describes their structural features and analyzes the main properties, such as hardness, wear resistance and oxidation resistance, in order to establish an understanding of the influence of the number of elements and their role in the composition of coatings.


Background Understanding the genetic basis of genotype-by-environment interactions (GxE) is crucial to understand environmental adaptation in mammals and improve the sustainability of agricultural production. In addition, GxE information could also be useful to predict the vulnerability of populations to climate change. Results Here, we present an extensive study investigating the interaction of genome-wide SNP markers with a vast assortment of environmental variables and searching for SNPs controlling phenotypic variance (vQTL) using a large beef cattle dataset. We showed that GxE contribute 10%, 4%, and 3% of the phenotypic variance of birth weight, weaning weight, and yearling weight, respectively. GxE genome-wide association analysis (GWAA) detected a large number of GxE loci affecting growth traits, which the traditional GWAA did not detect, showing that functional loci may have non-additive genetic effects between genotype classes regardless of differences in genotypic means. We also showed that variance-heterogeneity GWAA can detect loci enriched with GxE effects without requiring prior knowledge of the interacting environmental factors. Functional annotation and pathway analysis of GxE genes revealed biological mechanisms by which cattle respond to changes in their environment, such as neural signaling, metabolic, hypoxia-induced, and immune system pathways. Knowledge of these pathways will be important as climate change becomes a burden on animal health and productivity. In addition, ecoregion-specific GxE SNPs detected in this study may play a crucial role in identifying resilient and adapted beef cattle across divergent environments. Conclusions We detected novel trait associations with large GxE effects for birth weight, weaning weight, and yearling weight. Functional annotation and pathway analysis uncovered genomic regions involved in response to environmental stimuli. We unraveled the relevance and complexity of the genetic basis of GxE underlying growth traits, providing new insights into how different environmental conditions interact with specific genes influencing adaptation and productivity in beef cattle and potentially across mammals


Neurological changes following surgery. None of the patients with permanent neurological deficits improved in direct relation to the surgical procedure. Likewise, no significant changes from the spontaneous course were noted at the clinical evaluation performed 1 to 6 months postoperatively. Operative complications. In the immediate postoperative period, two of the 30 patients (6.7%) showed aggravation of their neurological symptoms, but both recovered to their habitual state within 2 days. One patient developed a subdural hematoma around the craniotomy 2 months postoperatively. No perioperative mortality (within the first month after shunting) was observed in this series.


In Del amor y otros demonios, Garcia Marquez parodies the concept of honor on individual, societal, and religious levels. Essentially, he presents a society composed of individuals who either lack or pervert honor and its connotations of purity, integrity, fidelity, and reputation. Consequently, he depicts individuals and a society that proclaim honor, yet exhibit none. Instead, the characters within this novel personify dishonor, moral turpitude, and disreputability. All of the main characters in Del amor y otros demonios suffer a form of dishonor as a result of their own inherent flaws, which intensify and converge to the point of collective tragedy, rendering a portrait of a decrepit society devoid of honor. The title of the work suggests that love is one among several demons, and that the novel will focus on love. Nevertheless, love is a mere pretext for the motivation of the novel, which has hatred and a feigned sense of honor as the impetus for an improbable chain of events. The novel begins as Sierva Marfa , de Todos los Angeles and her mulatta servant, Caridad del Cobre, go to the market to purchase trinkets for Sierva's twelfth birthday celebration. The first transgression within the novel occurs here when, in order to see the slave ship unloaded, they venture beyond a boundary which had been prohibited to them. It is here that a rabid dog bites Sierva, who never shows symptoms of rabies, and three blacks, who subsequently die after being infected with hydrophobia. The coincidental death of the three blacks provokes Bernarda Cabrera, Sierva's mother, to insist that the child is possessed, rather than a possible victim of a fatal disease that could impugn their family honor. Bernarda believes that, "basta un simple mordisco de perro podia causar un dafio ala honra de Ia familia" (GGM 22). Moreover, "Bernarda estaba dispuesta a hacer la farsa de las Jagrimas y a guardar un luto de madre adolorida por preservar su honra, con Ia condici6n de que la muerte de Ia nifia fuera por una causa digna" (GGM 25). Instead of seeking treatment for Sierva, as a caring mother would, Bernarda displays no maternal instincts and resigns herself to her daughter's imminent and premature death. For Bernarda, this ignoble death would stain the family's honor, which she, as the self-appointed paladin, must uphold. Primarily, if Sierva were to die the same death as the slaves, Bernarda assumes that the slaves would then get the impression that they would be equal to their masters in death. Consequently, they might be able to discern that if they were equal in death, why not in life? While such a realization would cause a social and political revolution, Bernarda


M e t h o d s Data sources: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE/ Excerpta Medica, CINAHL, respiratory journals, meeting abstracts, and relevant references (up to May 2005). Study selection and assessment: Randomized, blinded, controlled trials (RCTs) in any language that evaluated cardioselective β-blockers as a single dose or for an extended period in patients with COPD and reported change in FEV1 or respiratory symptoms. Administration of β2-agonists, either intravenously or by inhalation, after cardioselective β-blockers or placebo, was also studied. Study quality was assessed for randomization and blinding. Outcomes: Change in FEV1, FEV1 response to β2-agonists, and respiratory symptoms (wheezing, dyspnea, or COPD exacerbation).


We developed the dual line fiber laser module based on FBG combination. The proposed configuration has several advantages such as compact, simple, and inexpensive. The laser was composed pump LD (40W), two HR FBGs for 1053 nm and 1058 nm, Yb-doped fiber, two OC FBGs for 1053 nm and 1058 nm, and delivery fiber. All single mode fibers were polarization maintained with approximately 6 micron core. All FBGs were mounted on holders with TECs and their temperatures were controlled independently. The center wavelengths of HR and OC FBGs were temperature dependent and their shifts are approximately 7 nm/degree-C for all integrated FBG. By adjusting the temperature, it is possible to realize the resonant condition for only 1053 nm or only for 1058 nm. Based on this configuration, we demonstrated dual line CW fiber laser module. This module was compact with the size of 200 mm X 150 mm X 23 mm. By adjusting the FBG temperatures, we obtained the output power of more than 10 W at 1053 nm and 1058 nm with linear polarization.


A case of a pediatric patient with a recurrent single lesion, four months after finishing treatment for seven lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis with intramuscular meglumine antimoniate. Once the recurrence was confirmed by direct visualization of amastigotes, the decision taken was to repeat treatment with 1 cc of intralesional meglumine antimoniate, with a uniform distribution inside the lesion and one week interval between each application. After four sessions of intralesional treatment, the patient meets curation criteria. The patient was discharged with follow-up appointment up to seven months after the treatment was finished, there was no evidence of recurrence.


. Each nominal set 𝑋 can be equipped with a preorder relation ⪯ defined by the notion of support, so-called support-preorder. This preorder also leads us to the support topology on each nominal set. We study support-preordered nominal sets and some of their categorical properties in this paper. We also examine the topological properties of support topology, in particular separation axioms.


In scientific writing, the author discusses about creating a website monitoring
the presence of members of the student or a barcode that aims to facilitate the
delivery of information on the barcode as well as a forum for communication
among members of an online barcode application programming using
Macromedia Dreamweaver with basic PHP and My SQL for the database. The
method used in this paper is to study literature by reading some books and Web
sites related to writing and made a field study to collect data on members of the
barcode and matters relating to barcode.


In this work we show that the properties of both bright and dark Bose‐Einstein condensate (BEC) solitons trapped in optical superlattices can be controlled by changing the shape of the trapping potential whilst maintaining a constant periodicity and lattice height. Using this method we can control the properties of bright gap solitons by dispersion management. We can also control the interactions between dark lattice solitons. In addition we demonstrate a method for controlled generation of matter‐wave gap solitons in stationary optical lattices by interfering two condensate wavepackets, producing a single wavepacket at a gap edge with properties similar to a gap soliton. As this wavepacket evolves, it forms a bright gap soliton.


As Covid-19 spread to many countries in a very short time and became a global epidemic, WHO declared the epidemic as a "pandemic" on March 11, 2020. In respiratory diseases such as Covid-19, the transmission rate of the disease is high and the highest risk has always been healthcare workers during pandemic periods. Our aim the present study is to measure medical students anxiety levels and the different variables affecting their anxiety during unusual Covid-19 outbreak. A cross-sectional study was conducted on medical students. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale and the Beck Anxiety Inventory tests applied to all students. An online-based platform was used to distribute the survey developed by using the Google Forms. A total of 370 medical students participated in the survey. In this study 67.3 % (n = 249) of the participants were female and 32.7 % (n = 121) were male. 55.7 % (n = 206) of the participants were preclinical students, 44.4 % (n = 164) were clinical students. There was a statistically significant difference in anxiety levels according to gender and grades. We found that the prevalence of severe anxiety was higher in female students than in male students. Compared to clinical stage, preclinical students had a higher anxiety level according to BAI scores. Determining the anxiety levels of medical students and offering possible solutions for this is of vital importance as a healthy workforce will be maintained future global outbreaks.


Viewer letters sent to the top‐rated situation comedy Murphy Brown were analyzed to reveal how the audience reported decoding a televisual text— focusing on gender‐related construction of meaning. Viewers endorsed a new, nontraditional definition of women while reporting conflict between the reality of their personal and professional lives and traditional gender definitions. Their strong need for validation was satisfied by seeing characters like themselves depicted in prime‐time television. Audience usages and interpretations of the program did not match previous textual analyses.


This book offers volumes of information about one of the deadliest types of cancer, lung cancer. Aside from the subject matter, what makes this book different from all the other cancer books is that it is written for the layperson, student, and scientist alike. The book is an invaluable tome for recentlydiagnosed patients, people at risk of developing cancer, and care givers. It gives a concise description of the risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of lung cancer. But as stated in the title, the writing goes beyond the description and definition of the disease. The book is written to help the patient and family make choices regarding medical care. The depth and breath of the subject matter make this an ideal book for the classroom. It can be used and referenced for a variety of scientific topics such as anatomy and physiology, genetics, health, and medical ethics. The diagrams are easy to interpret. Charts and data tables are clear and concise. The authors include Internet Web sites for more information about lung cancer, support groups, and research groups.


The paper introduces the composing of M\|RF monitoring system as well as its design and realization.Three down\|computers and an upper main control one establish distributed monitor units in the system. By the means of parallel extending, starting multi serial A/Ds simultaneously and acquisition various parameters time\|sharing,we realize skillfully monitoring so many parameters in the system. It has been tested and verified paratically, cooperating the matched software,the system can fufill the monitoring task effectively in real time.


Performing CT experiments on samples that are morphologically changing shape as a function of time is not straightforward, especially if the modifications happen in a short period of time and the altering structures are relatively small. These kind of experiments are challenging as large amounts of data are generated in a short amount of time and it is difficult to target the right time period where the change of interest can be observed. Additionally, hardware limitations in terms of acquisition speed and sufficient X-ray flux are problematic, especially at laboratory setups. Here we present some CT-results where a time resolution of 1sec is achieved over a period of 2 min using a combination of hard- and software that is specifically designed for high speed, high resolution, 4D CT.


Such problems as law enforcement overlapping, coordination at different administration levels and inadequate connection to criminal justice still exist in the current collaborative mechanism in tobacco monopoly law enforcement. This paper addressed the necessity of changing "department management" into "government administration" and setting up comprehensive and multi-level collaborative mechanism with relevant law enforcement and judicial departments on the basis of advantage and disadvantage analysis of current domestic administrative law enforcement collaborative mechanism model and the successful experience in practice. Concrete suggestions and measures were thus proposed for optimizing tobacco law enforcement collaborative mechanism, which will help to establish a collaborative mechanism featuring "joint efforts and close collaboration of different departments under government leadership".


The experiment was conducted in the Horticultural Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Plant growth regulators were applied which had significant effect on yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annum L.). The experiment consisted of two factors. Factor A: Plant growth regulators (four levels) as G0: Control, G1: Gibberellic Acid (GA3) @ 30 ppm, G2: 4-Chloro Phenoxy Acetic Acid (4-CPA) @ 45 ppm and G3: 4-Chloro Phenoxy Acetic Acid (4-CPA) @ 45 ppm + Gibberellic Acid (GA3) @ 30 ppm and Factor B: Number of spray (three levels) as N0: Control (no spray), N1: two spray, N2: three spray. In case of plant growth regulators, the highest yield (27.77 t/ha) was found from G3 treatment, whereas the lowest (18.87 t/ha) was from G0 treatment. For number of spray the maximum yield (26.0 t/ha) was recorded from N2 treatment, while the minimum yield (19.87 t/ha) was from N0 treatment. The results indicated that the highest yield (31.8 t/ha) was observed from G3N2 treatment combination, while the lowest yield (17.5 t/ha) was from G0N0 treatment combination. Due to combined effect, the highest yield (31.8 t/ha) with net income (Tk/ha 1416558) and BCR (2.46) was observed from G3N2 treatment combination, while the lowest yield (17.5 t/ha) with net income (Tk/ha 433045) and BCR (1.49) from G0N0 treatment combination. Thus, three times spray with (4- Chloro Phenoxy Acetic Acid + Gibberellic Acid) may be recommended for achieving the higher growth, yield and economic benefit of sweet pepper.
The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 58-64


The aim of this work was to evaluate pot size and glyphosate rate interaction on the growth, physiology and control of Brachiaria decumbens weed. It was sowed in 2, 5, 10 and 20 L-pots, which were kept in greenhouse. Plant growth was assessed from 41 to 63 days after plant emergence (DAE). Glyphosate was applied to all pot sizes at 0.0, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 kg ha-1, at 64 DAE. Leaf gas exchange was assessed along with chlorophyll fluorescence at two days after application (DAA); weed control level at 7, 14, 21 and 28 DAA; weed dry matter at 28 DAA; and weed sprouting dry matter at 28 days after weed cutting. B. decumbens growth increased linearly with increased pot size. Both weed gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were affected by glyphosate rates, but not by pot size. No significant interaction between glyphosate doses and pot size on weed control levels was found, but it increased strongly with increasing herbicide rates and only slightly with pot size, particularly up to 14 DAA. Weed dry matter at 28 DAA and plant regrowth differed according to pot size and glyphosate dose interaction. It was concluded that pot size should be precisely chosen to test systemic herbicide efficacy on the control of B. decumbens.


The goal of the work is to find the best practical implementation with respect to compression and coding of the data to be transmitted by sensors in a wireless network. This is desirable because compression will help reaching the tight requirements on transmitted effect in each sensor. The recently developed scheme of distributed source coding is a revolutionary way of doing this.


ABSTRACT This article discusses Brazil's affirmative action policies of racial quotas. It explores the reasoning behind such policies as well as the arguments advanced by their main critics. After presenting the policies' origins, their concerns about the beneficiaries, and the specificities of the Law of Racial Quotas in Federal Public Service, the authors deconstruct the legal case of Carlos Delano de Araújo Brandão versus Banco do Brasil, taken from the area of labor justice. The case involved the application of racial quotas to fill positions in the federal public service sector and has gained national prominence because it continues to be a model or standard for the implementation of affirmative action and the Law of Racial Quotas. Its examination allows the contextualization and discussion of the most commonly used justifications for rejecting such policies. The article concludes that, despite their years of existence in Brazil, affirmative action policies continue to face obstacles that prevent their full application and limit their effectiveness.


An in situ rock masses triaxial test system YXSW–12 was manufactured by the Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute and Chaoyang Test Instruments Co.,Ltd..The test system had the following advantages:(1) The real triaxial test could be carried out.(2) The surrounding pressure could achieve 15 MPa;and the axial pressure could achieve 80 MPa.(3) The sample size was 50 cm×50 cm×100 cm,which could express the mechanical characteristic of large scale rock.(4) The complex stress routes could be servo-controlled.(5) The whole curve of deforming and breaking processes could be got,and the deformation and strength parameters in one single test could be obtained.The YXSW–12 test system was used to test the mechanical properties of column jointed rock masses,and got excellent results.The test results were shown as follows:(1) The anisotropic deformation parameters under different loading conditions were obtained.(2) The peak strength and yield strength of original simples were obtained by unloading test.The residual strengths of disturbed samples were obtained by loading and unloading test.The differences of strength parameters with different kinds were compared and analyzed.(3) The break mechanism of field rock masses was researched.The test results indicated that the breaking surface was mainly originated from the column joints.The YXSW-12 test system provides a new means for engineers to find out the deformation,strength and breaking properties of deep and complicated rock masses.


Enhancing second-order optical processes in Si-compatible materials is important for the demonstration of innovative functionalities and nonlinear optical devices integrated on a chip. Here, we demonstrate significantly enhanced Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) by silicon-rich silicon nitride materials over a broad spectral range, and show a maximum conversion efficiency of 4.5 × 10−6 for sub-stoichiometric samples with 46 at. % silicon. The SHG process in silicon nitride thin films is systematically investigated over a range of material stoichiometry and thermal annealing conditions. These findings can enable the engineering of innovative Si-based devices for nonlinear signal processing and sensing applications on a Si platform.


The purpose of this paper is to introduce differential forms to readers without a background in differential geometry. With the presumption that the reader is experienced in advanced calculus, we provide motivation for learning some of the most important concepts in differential geometry by re-observing the theorems of vector calculus.


This paper aims to explore the various failure modes associated with High Voltage Circuit Breakers and Power Transformers within transmission and subtransmission electricity networks and identify the online monitoring requirements to ensure effective early detection of issues. This would enable system operators to act appropriately to prevent unexpected failures. These requirements in the context of the capabilities and limitations in currently available Online Monitoring Technologies will also be discussed.


The process of catalytical hydrogenation to prepare p-aminobenzoylglutamic acid from p-nitrabenzoylglutamic acid,was studied,the optimum condition in lab was obtained.The catalyst can be recycled.


Chapter 5: Applications in engineering, nature and medicine: parallels to/inspirations from nature Flexible-wing-based micro air vehicles Flapping-wing micro air vehicles Shape-adaptive wings - the unfulfilled dream of flight Unsteady wing characteristics at low Reynolds number Self-actuating flaps on bird and aircraft wings Hydrodynamics of dolphin skin and other compliant surfaces Drag reduction with riblets in nature and engineering Heat transfer enhancement techniques and their application in turbomachinery Flow separations in blood flow - its significance in the human circulation and in artificial organs Chapter 6: Numerical methods for unsteady flow applications in engineering and nature Steady and unsteady aerodynamics Oscillating hydro-wing as a propulsor in the quasi-steady domain Navier-Stokes computation of hovering dynamics Recent advances in unsteady boundary layer transition research An indicial-Polhamus aerodynamic model of insect-like flapping wings in hover Chapter 7: Experimental methods for unsteady flow applications in engineering and nature Modern image-based experimental methods for application in fluid dynamics Unsteady airfoil experiments Vortex wakes of bird flight: old theory, new data and future prospects Shedding light on animal-generated flows: quantitative analysis of animal-generated flow patterns using DPIV Temperature and pressure sensitive coatings


Let $A_n= \varepsilon_n \cdots \varepsilon_1$, where $(\varepsilon_n)_{n \geq 1}$ is a sequence of independent random matrices taking values in $ GL_d(\mathbb R)$, $d \geq 2$, with common distribution $\mu$. In this paper, under standard assumptions on $\mu$ (strong irreducibility and proximality), we prove Berry-Esseen type theorems for $\log ( \Vert A_n \Vert)$ when $\mu$ has a polynomial moment. More precisely, we get the rate $((\log n) / n)^{q/2-1}$ when $\mu$ has a moment of order $q \in ]2,3]$ and the rate $1/ \sqrt{n} $ when $\mu$ has a moment of order $4$, which significantly improves earlier results in this setting.


It is the aim of this paper to provide a better understanding of how university students in Australia are preparing for their future work in the labour market through their work orientations. It draws upon a survey of over 300 final‐year undergraduates to present their rationales for engaging in paid work, and their preferences for different job facets in the workplace. On one hand, the 'risk society' thesis proposed that the disruptions and uncertainty in the modern work environment are prompting many young graduates to 'become stage managers of their own biographies'. On the other hand, there is an argument that despite the switch towards the promotion of individual responsibilities, structural factors such as gender continue to impinge on their choices. This article will also examine whether the students' individualised attempts to manage their careers through their work orientations are influenced by gender differences.


The study of Indonesian literature has formed a variable part of the curriculum in Indonesian Studies over the past five decades. Sometimes literature has been seen as the highest stage of language learning, a mirror of society, and a valuable insight into the minds and hearts of people in a way which is not otherwise readily available. At other times, literature has also been seen as irrelevant to language learning (especially communicative language learning), elitist (belonging to the court and/or the urban intelligentsia), and difficult to understand in a world dominated by the mass media. The article surveys Australian teaching and research on Indonesian literature. I will take the term 'Indonesian literature' in its widest sense, as including classical Malay, Javanese and Balinese literature, as well as the 'modern' literature written in Bahasa Indonesia. The paper will consider major trends and emphases over the half century; significant achievements; missed opportunities; and what Australian scholarship has contributed to literary scholarship within Australia, Indonesia, and the rest of the world.


In just a short handful of months, thousands of public health practitioners from around the world will pack their bags and head to Denver for the APHA 2016 Annual Meeting and Expo, Oct. 29-Nov. 2.


Ultrahigh-speed integrated-circuit technology is one of the keys to achieving ultralarge-capacity optical communication systems. Technological breakthroughs in circuit and packaging design as well as improved transistor performance are needed to reach the over-40 Gbit/s operating region. This paper describes a 0.1 /spl mu/m gate InP HEMT, novel circuit design, and broadband packaging technologies developed to boost the circuit speed. We used these technologies to make 40 Gbit/s lightwave communication ICs. This paper also describes the problems in moving toward 100 Gbit/s operation.


The modern society increasingly relies on electrical service, which also brings risks of catastrophic consequences, e.g., large-scale blackouts. In the current literature, researchers reveal the vulnerability of power grids under the assumption that substations/transmission lines are removed or attacked synchronously. In reality, however, it is highly possible that such removals can be conducted sequentially. Motivated by this idea, we discover a new attack scenario, called the sequential attack, which assumes that substations/transmission lines can be removed sequentially, not synchronously. In particular, we find that the sequential attack can discover many combinations of substation whose failures can cause large blackout size. Previously, these combinations are ignored by the synchronous attack. In addition, we propose a new metric, called the sequential attack graph (SAG), and a practical attack strategy based on SAG. In simulations, we adopt three test benchmarks and five comparison schemes. Referring to simulation results and complexity analysis, we find that the proposed scheme has strong performance and low complexity.


We propose a new scheme of quasi-phase matching based on the negative first-order of the spatial modulation of the sign of the second-order optical nonlinearity. The experimental validation is done in a periodically-poled Rubidium-doped KTiOPO4 crystal.


Arising from different cultural backgrounds,the thoughts of Zen and Zhuang Zi(a representative of Taoism) belong to different cultural areas.When introduced to China from India,Zen,at the beginning,couldn't adapt itself to Chinese native culture.Then it tried to adapt itself to cater for the Chinese cultural values.And further it found a linking spot in the thoughts of Confucius and Zhuang Zi,(especially in Zhuang Zi).It also looked for the covering surface and became the Zen and Taoist ideas which are hard to be divided.The aesthetic foundation of Chinese paintings,in its developing process,is based on the ideas of Zen and Taoism.Its aesthetic object has changed from attention to the God and Buddhism into that to the nature,society and human beings.After the enrichment and creation by masters of different periods the realm of the ideas of Zen and Taoism becomes more far-reaching and broader.If Chinese painting and Zen and Taoism are separated from each other,Chinese painting would lose spiritual reliance and have no way to develop.


The model of a Social Market Economy (SME) defines a policy concept of economic order which is based on free markets but, at the same time, includes elements of social balancing. The term "Social Market Economy" can neither be found in the Treaty on European Union nor in the Treaty establishing the European Community. The documents only use the terms "open market economy" and "free competition". The Commission has never made a clear statement whether its economic policy is guided by the principles of a SME. Because the SME-concept is not new and its value is not undisputed it is worth to reflect on it and to find out what it has to offer for the economic and social policy of the EU.


The invention discloses a full hydraulic crawler-type drilling machine with high rotation speed for coal mines. The full hydraulic crawler-type drilling machine comprises a crawler walking mechanism, a power head, a frame, an operating platform, an anchoring mechanism and a hydraulic system. The frame is fixed on the crawler walking mechanism and the power head is fixed on the frame. The hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, an oil cylinder and a multitandem valve arranged on the operating platform, wherein the multitandem valve controls the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pump to achieve high-speed rotation of the power head. Due to the fact that a pump station, the power head, the frame, the operating platform, the anchoring mechanism and the hydraulic system are integrated on the crawler walking mechanism, and the multitandem valve in the hydraulic system controls the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic pump to achieve high-speed rotation of the power head, the highest rotation speed of the power head can reach 900 round/ minutes, the maximum torque can reach 2600N, and accordingly, problems of low hole forming rate and low efficiency of the drilling machine during drilling of soft and outburst coal seams are solved.


Summary

An attenuated Lactococcus garvieae strain lacking a virulence-associated capsule on its cell surface was evaluated for application as a live vaccine. The attenuated strain (MS93003A) was obtained from the parent strain (MS93003V), which produced a well-developed capsule, by culturing on an agar medium supplemented with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride. When live cells of L. garvieae (MS93003A) or formalin-killed cells (MS93003A) were used as an injectable vaccine, protection against virulent L. garvieae (MS93003V) was conferred on Seriola quinqueradiata. The MS93003A cells did not recover their virulence even after in vivo passages in fish. MS93003A live cells also conferred long-lasting protective immunity to S. quinqueradiata against virulent L. garvieae infection.


An investigation of the Mo/Nb thermocouple is presented under the following headings: study of the e.m.f, influences of recrystallization, study of the influence on the e.m.f of adding Mo to the negative leg, and study of the compensation wires between 0$sup 0$C and 300$sup 0$C. (auth)


Chronic inflammation mediated by NF-κB plays a crucial role in the development of cancer. As part of our continuous effort placed on investigating anti-cancer mechanisms of dietary catechols, we further applied catechol-type diphenylbutadiene (3,4-DHB) as a model molecule to probe whether they inhibits inflammation by their prooxidative role. Employing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells as a model of inflammation, we validated that benefiting from its catechol moiety, 3,4-DHB inhibited significantly the LPS-induced formation of NO (11.48 ± 0.39 μM) compared with the only LPS-stimulated group (31.8 ± 1.78 μM) with an inhibitory rate of 64% at 5 μM, expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins, phosphorylation of IKK and IkBα, and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Noticeably, its inhibitory activity against the NF-κB-mediated inflammation can be obviously revised by pretreatment of the cells with dithiothreitol (a quencher of both electrophilic o-quinone and ROS), neocuproine (a specific chelating agent for copper ions) and deferoxamine (a specific chelating agent for iron ions). The above results support that depending on intracellular copper and iron ions, 3,4-DHB, a pro-electrophile, can be converted into its corresponding o-quinone electrophile together with the generation of ROS, a pro-oxidative event that mediates its inhibitory activity against NF-κB signaling and inflammation. The copper- and iron-dependent inhibition against inflammation supports that dietary catechols are probably pro-oxidative anti-inflammatory agents.


A new species, Poecilochaetus anterospinus sp. nov., is described from the east and south shores of Oahu, Hawaii. Poecilochaetus anterospinus sp. nov. is unique in the genus by the presence of noto- and neuropodial spines from chaetiger 11 to posterior segments. Neuropodial spines on anterior chaetigers are absent in all other Poecilochaetus species while notopodial spines are limited to segments preceding the pygidium. Poecilochaetus cf. koshikiensis, originally described from Japan, is newly recorded from Hawaii and apparently widely distributed in the western Pacific and South-east Asian Seas. Poecilochaetus sp. is distinguished from the other two species by the distribution of the ampullaceous cirri (7–12) and its chaetal characters.


In 1995 a groundwater project was undertaken at Borroloola, a major community in the Northern Territory's Gulf Region, to expand the town's current borefield in order to meet future water demand projections. The project extended existing knowledge of a regional aquifer developed in the Proterozoic Abner Sandstone. The town's borefield has been developed adjacent to the northern margin of an aquifer which is confined over most of its regional extent. Where the Abner Sandstone outcrops along the northern basinal margin the aquifer is unconfined. The water resource contained within the aquifer in the Abner Sandstone meets all Australian drinking water guideline values, with the exception of pH. It is possible that by correct design of the water supply network and with the utilisation of appropriate materials, a treatment-free water supply could be provided for Borroloola. Effective community consultation would be necessary to ensure acceptance of this option.


Afferent pathways from the uterus of the cat were labeled by injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP), wheat germ agglutinin‐HRP, or fluorescent dyes into the uterine cervix and uterine horns. Afferent input to the uterus arises from small to medium size neurons (average size 31 × 28 um) in dorsal root ganglia at many levels of the spinal cord (T12‐S3). The segmental origin correlates with the location of the afferent terminal field in the uterus. Eighty‐seven percent of the dorsal root ganglion cells (average, 822 on one side) innervating the cervix are located in sacral ganglia, whereas 97% of the cells innervating the uterine horn (average 479 on one side) are located in lumbar ganglia. Double dye labeling experiments indicate that, a small percentage (average 15%) of lumbar neurons innervating the uterine cervix also innervate the uterine horn. The majority (70‐80%) of afferent input to the uterine cervix passes through the pelvic nerve and the remainder through the pudendal nerve, whereas afferent input to the uterine horn must travel in sympathetic nerves. Ovariectomy (10‐14 days) did not change significantly the number, sizes, or segmental distribution of uterine afferent neurons. In some cats (25%) injections of WGA‐HRP into the uterine cervix labeled neurons (90‐125 per animal) in lamina VII in the S2 spinal segment in the region of the sacral parasympathetic nucleus.


Let G = (V,E ), V = [v \,v2, . . . , vn}, be a simple connected graph with n vertices, m edges and vertex degree sequence d1 > d2 > ■■■ > dn > 0, di = d(vi ). General zeroth-order Randic index of G is defined as °Ra (G) = Ση=ι d" > and general sum-connectivity index as Xa(G) = (di + d j)α, where a is an arbitrary real number. In this paper we establish a relationship between 0Rα+β (G), ^ α -β ^ ) and °Ra (G), as well as χ α+β (G), χ α -β ^ ) and Xa (G), where α and β are arbitrary real numbers. By the appropriate choice of parameters α and β, a number of new/old inequalities that reveal relationships between various vertex and edge degree-based topological indices are obtained.


The wideband shaping units at L-band are the key module for modern super broadband radar、ECM systems.For obtaining the super wideband shaping units,SAW dispersive delay line is adopted.This paper introduced a wideband shaping unit on single chip worked at L-Band with f0=1.55 GHz,Δf≥420 MHz,ΔT≥0.84 μs.Through optimizing design of transducer topology of linear FM SAW delay line,suppressing sidelope,tuning match network,this SAWDDL device achieved -38 dB insertion loss,which sidelope was suppressed more than 50 dB(from 50 Hz to 3 GHz). The feed through suppression of this device was more than 90 dB at time domain and its voltage standing wave ratio was less than 2.


Objective To explore the predictive value of Kinetics of white blood cell (WBC) elimination following induction chemotherapy for eider with acute myeloid leukemia(AML). Methods 71 elder with AML were reviewed. Chi-square and the Kaplan-Meier methods were used to identify the relationship between the nadir WBC count and time to WBC nadir with efficacy and survival. Results 28 patients (39.44%) achieved a complete re-mission(CR),another 19 (26.76%) had a partial remission,17(23.94%) patients had a non-remission,and 7 pa-tients(9.86%)died. Overall survival over 3 years was about 11.27% (8 cases),over 2 years about 23.94 % (17 cases),and over 1 years about 47.89 % (34 cases). The low WBC nadir and high WBC nadir in the bone marrow CR (9.86% and 12.68%)and the total survival rate (8.45% and 11.27%)were lower than the median absolute WBC nadir (16.90%, 15.49%), but were no statistical discrepancy (χ23.32,1.22, P=0.77, 0.54). The pa-tients who achieved WBC nadir in less than or equal to 10 days in the bone marrow CR(12.68%) and the total sur-vival rate(8.45%) were statistical significantly higher than those achieved it in greater than 10 days(26.76%). The patients whose WBC attained at low level less than or equal to 3 days in the bone marrow CR(16.90%) and the total survival rate(12.68%) were statistical significantly higher than those greater than 3 days (22.54%) (χ2 15, 57,11.71,4.85,9.54,P=0.001,0.01,0.03,0.04). Conclusion WBC nadir in loss than or equal to 10 days and WBC attained at low level greater than 3 days may serve as a worse prognosis.

Key words:
White blood cell count;  Acute myeloid leukemia;  Elder


This contribution deals with the creation of mathematical model of biomass gasification and combustion. In the introduction of contribution an analysis is given of biomass in terms of its occurrence, composition, and caloric value and also in terms of processes taking place with the biomass gasification and combustion. The idea for a complex model for the gasification and combustion of biomass is derived from the initial process analysis, which was suggested as a synthesis of elementary process models. In the case of elementary models the heating model, drying model, thermal decomposition model, oxidation of the solid component model, and oxidation of the volatile component model are considered. The heating model is based on the processes of heat accumulation and the transfer of heat by convection. The basis of the evaporation model is a process of the transformation of liquid water into water vapour. The remaining three models include the thermal decomposition of biomass, release of the volatile components and the burning of the solid components from it. Elementary process models were independently implemented and verified in a MATLAB environment as individual m-functions. The results from the simulations are also stated in this contribution, which are analyzed, and further use and method of model gasification and combustion is suggested.


This is a provocative contrasting of Simms' romances with those of his Northern contemporaries. One of nineteenth-century America's foremost men of letters, William Gilmore Simms (1806-1870) of Charleston, South Carolina, distinguished himself as a historian, poet, and novelist; yet his stalwart allegiance to the ideals of the Confederacy have kept him largely marginalized from the modern literary canon. In this engaging study, Masahiro Nakamura seeks to reinsert Simms into current American literary and cultural studies through a careful consideration of Simms' Southern conservatism as a valuable literary counterpoint to the bourgeois individualist ideology of his Northern contemporaries. For Nakamura, Simms' vision of social order runs contrary to the staunch individualism expressed in traditional American romances by authors such as James Fenimore Cooper and Nathaniel Hawthorne. In his thoughtful approaches to Simms' historical depictions of the making of American history and society, Nakamura finds consistent assertions of social order against the perils of literal and metaphoric wilderness, a conservative vision that he traces to the influence of Simms' Southern genius loci. To understand how this Southern conservatism also manifests itself in Simms' fiction, Nakamura contrasts Simms' historical romances with those of Hawthorne, as representative of the New England romance tradition, to differentiate the ways in which the two writers interpret the dynamic between the individual and society. Nakamura finds that Simms' protagonists struggle to establish their places within their culture while Hawthorne's characters are often at odds with their culture. The resulting comparison enriches our understanding of both writers. To illustrate his point further, Nakamura discusses Simms' "Martin Faber" in terms of individualism transformed into dangerous egocentrism. He also examines Simms' conservative views on the progress of American civilization in his Revolutionary War and border romances and explores Simms' attitudes toward conflicts with Native American cultures in his colonial romances. Nakamura concludes that, while effectively employing the tradition of Sir Walter Scott's historical romance, Simms used the genre as a vehicle for advocating the merits of social order as a Southern conservative answer to Northern bourgeois romanticism, which celebrates individualism as key to the possibility of human progress.


IoT technology has great potential to transform the built environment and, in doing so, create energy savings. With operational energy use in buildings causing around 30 per cent of CO2 gas emissions, and demand for energy use in buildings on the rise, it is necessary to develop measures to reduce consumption, and IoT could hold the key to this. Just a few examples of ways that this can be achieved are: real-time energy monitoring, with IoT smart sensors measuring the power consumption of a building to show how and where energy is used; smart lighting, whereby unnecessary lighting is switched off and energy saved; and smart metering systems, leading to higher energy efficiency, cost savings and new data sources. Indeed, IoT devices in buildings can collect important data, which has a number of important applications, and the long-term value of IoT devices in buildings comes from mining the data collected by sensors and devices as this can be used to enhance building performance and efficiency. Professor Tomonari Yashiro, based at the Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, is exploring how ICT and the IoT could help improve the sustainability and energy efficiency of buildings.


During the past few years, the mobile prepaid service has been growing exponentially all over the world. Four approaches have been proposed to provide mobile prepaid service. We describe these approaches and compare their strengths and weaknesses. Our analysis indicates that the handset based approach is a low-cost, high-risk solution. The wireless intelligent network approach is a high-cost, low-risk solution. The service node approach is a quick solution, which allows fast deployment with limited capacity. The hot billing approach is an average solution that cannot provide real-time rating.


It is well‐established that the mass and function of human brown adipose tissue (BAT) declines with age. A key factor involved in age‐related impairment of BAT is oxidative stress; however, there is a paucity of studies to date that have explored this relationship. Here, we characterized the age‐related molecular and functional alterations in BAT in vivo in mice of different ages, and treated human brown adipocytes with H2O2 to dissect the direct effect of oxidative stress in vitro. We further explored the structural and functional changes in BAT in an oxidative stress‐induced mouse model of aging. We found that the progressive deterioration of BAT was linked to oxidative stress, and observed that the adipogenesis and thermogenic program were significantly impaired upon H2O2 treatment in vitro. Moreover, antioxidant supplementation (e.g., vitamin E) attenuated oxidative stress and rescued BAT activity decline, suggesting that age‐related injury in BAT function can be partly alleviated by antioxidant treatment. Finally, we found that oxidative stress‐induced BAT dysfunction is linked to the enhancement of autophagy. These results point to oxidative stress as being an important factor in age‐dependent functional impairment of BAT.


In biomedical Doppler radar applications, the return signal is a nonlinear frequency-modulation (NLFM) random process whose phase conveys heart and respiration vital-sign information. These signatures modulate the phase of the signal as two oscillating components with frequencies less than a few hertz. Due to the nonstationary nature of these signals, their analysis by 1-D techniques, temporal and spectral, may not be very useful, and time-frequency techniques may be incapable of accurately extracting their instantaneous frequency (IF) trajectory. In this paper, we present a bootstrap-based generalized warblet transform (GWT) signal processing method. The presented signal processing tool is a parametric method that has a kernel with Fourier-series components. The coefficients of the kernel are estimated by an iteration procedure that converges to the IF of the radar signal. We show theoretically and experimentally that the bootstrap-based GWT can extract the amplitude and frequency of the two vital-sign components at a range of 3 m in the face of low signal-to-noise ratio and in the presence of phase noise and body motion artifacts, achieving an accuracy that is potentially better than conventional methods can provide.


The numbers of colonies of the ascidian D. virens (Hartmeyer) occurring on a reef flat in the vicinity of Townsville, undergo pronounced seasonal fluctuations. The maximum colony numbers were recorded in October-November, with a smaller peak in May; colonies were almost entirely absent from the reef flat during the summer months. Observations of the rate of increase of colony numbers, both on the reef flat and on artificial substrates, showed that the organism proliferates by repeated division of the colonies, accompanied by movement of the daughter colonies along the substrate. In the laboratory, colonies of D. virens move at rates of 4.3-8.0 mm per day. The direction of movement is strongly influenced by light. Observation of the life span of the colonies on the reef flat, supported by measurement of the photosynthetic activity of the contained symbiotic algae, give some indication of the probable major factors influencing colonization of the reef flat by D. virens.


Symbol spotting systems are intended to retrieve regions of interest from a document image database where the queried symbol is likely to be found. They shall have the ability to recognize and locate gra-phical symbols in a single step. In this paper we present a set of measures to evaluate the performance of a symbol spotting system in terms of recognition abilities, location accuracy and scalability. We show that the proposed measures allow to determine the weaknesses and strengths of different methods. In particular we have tested a symbol spotting method based on a set of four different off-the-shelf shape descriptors.


An Electromagnetic Brake (EMBR) makes it possible to increase the casting speed while maintaining or even improving the product quality. For conventional slabs, the FC mould is most appropriate while for thin slabs, the ruler type EMBR is the preferred solution. The FC mould features two independently controlled static magnetic fields, one at meniscus level and another at the bottom of the mould. The upper field controls the speed flow at meniscus to prevent mould powder entrapments and the lower field reduces the penetration of the steel jets from the casting nozzle, to facilitate flotation of inclusions. The FC mould is the only equipment capable of controlling these parameters independently. It affords effective solutions to reduce pinholes, cracks and surface or subsurface inclusions. A new closed loop control of the FC mould, the EM Control, has also been developed, based upon the input of two meniscus level signals that simulate the meniscus speed. Through 3D transient modelling of the caster performance, temperatures, steel speed, meniscus level are made available. The two static fields are then adapted on-line to achieve both low penetration and a constant meniscus speed.


This study was designed to measure the microbiological and chemical characteristics of forest soils in a chronosequence of harvested Douglas-fir (Pseusotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stands in different climatic settings. Mineral soil samples were collected along transects running from old-growth (OG) forests into harvested stands of ages 5, 15, and 40 years (5YS, 15YS, and 40YS, respectively) in the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest in the central Ore- gon Cascade Mountains. We took litter depth measurements and cores to test for the presence of mycorrhizal mats at each sampling location. Denitrification potential was significantly lower in OG than in 5YS, and litter depth, forest floor respiration rate, and concentration of ectomycorrhizal mats were significantly greater in OG than in 5YS. Values were intermediate in 15YS and similar to those measured in OG in 40YS. No significant stand-age differences oc- curred in soil organic matter, soil moisture, pH, mineralizable N, laboratory soil respiration rate, or extractable ammo - nium. Sample variability was generally lowest in OG forests and highest in 5YS, and no consistent autocorrelations were observed for any of the variables at lags o f5mo rgreater. We found no second-level interactions between stand age and location in ANOVA analyses, suggesting that, within the limits of this study, climate did not influence soil re - sponse to disturbance and subsequent recovery; however, several soil properties were affected by site location and, therefore, climate.


: Information security risk management (ISRM) methods aim to protect organizational information infrastructure from a range of security threats by using the most effective and cost-efficient means. We reviewed the literature and found three common deficiencies in ISRM practice: 1) information security risk identification is commonly perfunctory, 2) information security risks are commonly estimated with little reference to the organization's actual situation, and 3) information security risk assessment is commonly performed on an intermittent, non-historical basis. These deficiencies indicate that, despite implementing ISRM best-practice, organizations are likely to have inadequate situation awareness (SA) regarding their information security risk environments. This paper presents a management system design that organizations can use to support SA in their ISRM efforts.


The given study considers the ability of the students and children to form the motivation to the healthy way of life. The elucidative and health-improving work was tested to be one of the main directions of the physical training. The study found that the fi nal effect of the motivation forming largely depends on positive emotions in the process of education. The application of games is proved to be the most effective method of physical training for junior and preschool age children. Physical activity (e.g. squatting, leaping, movement) which is made in the gaming situation occurs without overstrain and causes feelings of joy and pleasure. The interest to the game increases when communication in the game process is realized in a foreign language. The introduction of the self-correction techniques considerably facilitates the process of motivation forming. We developed a new methodology for students in order to create physical qualities in the form of task-oriented pedagogical process. The given methodology represents a system containing several blocks which help to break off bad habits (e.g. smoking, consuming alcoholic beverages and drugs) and to lay down the foundations for the motivation forming to the healthy way of life as well as to apply the received knowledge in the process of the professional activity. Thus, the task-orientated work for the motivation forming to the physical self-perfection must be started since the infant age and continued during all the education period at school and at the University for obtaining the steady effect.


This article examines the complex effects - cognitive and material, direct and indirect - of the European Union on German economic policies, with particular reference to the government of Gerhard Schröder (1998-2002) and to Economic and Monetary Union. Particular attention is paid to the questions of institutional fit and misfit, of changing domestic opportunity structures, and of whether Europeanisation has been important in reshaping domestic preferences or in altering the context of domestic action. The changing context of domestic action raises in turn the question of whether Europeanisation is displacing the German model of 'managed' capitalism. Two variables are identified as central in answering this question: the nature of domestic governing style and the extent of commitment to 'negotiation' democracy over majoritarian democracy and the continuing loyalty of German firms to this model.


It is intended to know the financial performance of the large non-alcoholic beverages companies in Colombia in the 2014-2018 period, by analyzing and comparing the financial indicators that account for its growth, financial performance and economic benefit. It is found that this sector presents annual variable returns on capital, mainly caused by the orientation of efficacy in the administration of expenditures and the use of positive financial leverage; In addition creates economic value added (EVA) because the profitability of the net operating assets after taxes is higher than the cost of capital. However, the return on capital is lower than that generated by external counterpart sectors in the world and emerging economies; But the EVA created by each invested money unit is only surpassed by global comparable sector. These findings should be deepened in homogeneous groups of companies of different size and geographic location


Software process improvement is evolving rapidly both as a research field and as an industrial practice. There is also a large and growing interest in software reuse, due to its obvious potential for improving quality, productivity and predictability of software production. The author discusses levels of process support for software reuse and reviews the state-of-the-art practice.


The foregone research has indicated the importance of co-locality for innovation,but there is the lack of the empirical study.Firstly it defines the mechanism,main bodies,patterns and geographic region based on the theory of cooperation.Then based on these criteria of geographical location,it makes some conclusions about the actuality of collaboration of innovation and the extend of co-location for innovation in the high-tech industrial clusters by collecting the data via questionnaire and analyzing the case of the biotech-pharma clusters in Shanghai.


Objective:To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Small interferirng RNA(siRNA) on human papilloma vinus(HPV)16 E6 oncogenes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) cell line HNE-1,and observe the effects of HPV16 E6 silencing on NPC cell growth.Methods:Four siRNA against the HPV16 E6 gene were designed and transfected into HNE-1 cell respectively using RNAi-Mate transfection reagent.MTT was used to investigate the cellular proliferation after the transfection.RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of HPV16 E6 and protein level of HPV16 E6 was measured by Immunohistochemical staining.Results:After the most effective siRNA was transfected into HNE-1cell,the result of MTT indicated that the cellular proliferation was restrained remarkably,and the highest inhibitory rate was 32%.Meanwhile,RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining showed that there was a significant decrease in HPV16 E6 mRNA and protein level.Conclusion:These results demonstrated that siRNA against HPV16 E6 could effectively downregulate HPV16 E6 expression in HNE-1 cell line,and inhibit the cellular proliferation.RNAi has great potential in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma as a new gene therapy.


A novel hybrid series active power filter to eliminate harmonics and compensate reactive power is presented and analyzed. The proposed active compensation technique is based in a hybrid series active filter using adaptive Tabu search (ATS) algorithm in the conventional Sinusoidal Fryze voltage (SFV) control technique. Optimization of the conventional Sinusoidal Fryze voltage control technique has been done using adaptive tabu search algorithm. This paper discusses about the comparative performances of conventional Sinusoidal Fryze voltage control strategy and ATS-optimized controllers. ATS algorithm has been used to obtain the optimum value of Kp and Ki. Analysis of the hybrid series active power filter system under non linear load condition and its impact on the performance of the controllers is evaluated. Effectiveness of the hybrid series active power filter to provide harmonic damping is demonstrated by MATLAB/Simulink results. Total harmonic distortion (THD) demonstrates the practical viability of the controller for hybrid series active power filter to provide harmonic isolation of non-linear loads and to comply with IEEE 519 recommended harmonic standards.


The invention relates to an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine and a method for exhaust aftertreatment, with a reservoir 10 for storing a liquid 12, a pressurized gas source 20 operatively connected to the reservoir 10 and a metering valve 30 for metering the liquid 12 into an exhaust passage 60 of the internal combustion engine. Within the storage container 10, a pressure tank 40 is arranged, which can be set by the compressed gas source 20 under a, compared to a pressure in the reservoir 10 increased pressure.


'First class' is how one of our judges described Shindo Kaur Mai's work with Asian patients suffering from end-stage renal failure. Although the incidence of renal failure is higher among Asian people and ethnic minority groups make up 28 per cent of the Leicester population, Shindo found that little energy is devoted to communicating with patients about this complex illness and its consequences.


The Gun Control Act of 1968 (GCA), 18 U.S.C. § 921 et seq., establishes a detailed federal scheme governing the distribution of firearms. It prohibits firearms dealers from transferring handguns to any person under 21, not resident in the dealer's State, or prohibited by state or local law from purchasing or possessing firearms, § 922(b). It also forbids possession of a firearm by, and transfer of a firearm to, convicted felons, fugitives from justice, unlawful users of controlled substances, persons adjudicated as mentally defective or committed to mental institutions, aliens unlawfully present in the United States, persons dishonorably discharged from the Armed Forces, persons who have renounced their citizenship, and persons who have been subjected to certain restraining orders or been convicted of a misdemeanor offense involving domestic violence. §§ 922(d) and (g).


Introduction: The lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic led to temporary closure of routine hospital services. This prompted the initiation of teleconsult follow-up in our department. The study outlines the experience of tele-follow-up at a tertiary care teaching hospital in India, and the perspective of neurologists about this novel approach. Methods: The tele-follow-up was started from 26th March 2020. Data of follow up appointments was provided by the medical record section. The faculty and senior residents conducted the tele-follow-up. Communication was made via voice calls. The data for initial ten days was analyzed to find the utility and experience of the new service. Results: In the initial ten working days, data of 968 patients was provided for tele-follow-up. A successful communication was made in 50.3% patients (contact with patients: 27.7% and family members 22.6%). The phone numbers which were not contactable/invalid/not available constituted 36.8% of the data. A total of 35 faculty and residents conducted the tele-follow-up. The utility of tele-follow-up was perceived as good by 71.4% of neurologists. Majority of neurologists (71.4%) observed that [≥]90% of patients were continuing medications. Patients outside the city constituted 50-75% of the list. The survey revealed that all neurologists felt the need to continue tele-follow-up for far off stable patients post lock down and resumption of regular outpatient services. Conclusion: The survey established the feasibility and utility of teleconsult for follow up of patients with neurological diseases who were attending the regular outpatient services before the lock down.


Acute appendicitis or inflammation of the appendix is an urgent problem that often requires surgical intervention to avoid rupture. In fact, it is the most common abdominal surgical emergency in the world; males have a lifetime risk of 8.6% and females have a 6.9% risk ( Jaschinski, Mosch, Eikermann, Neugebauer, & Sauerland, 2018 ). This is often an emergency, and the preoperative care nursing focuses on immediate preparation for the surgical procedure. The traditional surgical approach to suspected appendicitis has been the open appendectomy (OA), which requires the surgeon to make a small incision (about 5 cm or 2 in.) in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen to visualize the area. However, advances in endoscopic surgery make it possible to perform an appendectomy using a minimally invasive technique, laparoscopic appendectomy (LA), instead. This procedure requires only three small incisions (about 1 cm or 1⁄2 in.) through which instruments and a camera can be inserted to remove the appendix. The choice of surgical procedure can impact the patient in many ways including the level of pain, the risk for wound infection, the length of stay in the hospital, and the time until return to normal activity. The goal of postoperative nursing care is to minimize complications through early identification and early intervention of any abnormal findings. LAPAROSCOPIC VERSUS OPEN SURGERY FOR SUSPECTED APPENDICITIS


approved: Signature redacted for privacy. Kim K. Ching This study was designed to help elucidate what differences, if any, exist within the species Alnus rubra Bong., grown naturally at various elevations and locations throughout the Pacific Northwest and coastal Alaska. Increasing importance of the species, including both economic and silviculture values, prompted the investigation into the early growth of red alder, an area in which detailed information is lacking. Two areas of investigation that were established included, first, an elevational transect from Newport toMarys Peak in the Coast Range of Oregon and, second, a study of ten geographic sources located throughout the range of Alnus rubra, Both phases of this investigation were conducted under three growth regimes involving the use of a 16 hour photoperiod and three thermoperiods (day-night temperatures are: 21°, 16°C; 10 10°C and 21°, 21°C). The Transect Study showed differences between red alder conelets (weight and size) and seeds (weights and germination) from different elevations to be significant at the 1% level. The effect of the lower thermoperiod (10°, 10°C) in reducing the rate of germination was also shown. No significant differences were found between seedlings repre senting the various elevations, in other characteristics (height, diameter and leaf dimension). The Geographic Study, involving wildlings supplied by the U. S. Forest Service, was concerned primarily with seedling height growth and leaf size. Significant differences were found between seedlings from different geographic locations but, because of the limited number of seedlings available, the reliability of the data to accurately express variation between these locations is questionable. The effect of thermoperiod within a single tested environment was also significant but with results that were opposite to those obtained in the Transect Study. In the Geographic Study the height growth of seedlings under the cold condition (10°, 10° C) was significantly greater than for seedlings grown under the other growth conditions. In the Transect Study, the seedlings grown under the cold condition were significantly shorter than those grown under the other regimes. Effects of Thermoperiod on the Early Growth of Red Alder from Different Elevations and Geographic Sources


The South western territory of the Transylvanian Principality, nowadays Banat, was a true territory of nobility. These atypical elites, living in the towns of Caransebeş and Lugoj, were closely connected to the realities of written culture. Dozens of documents indicate that at least a part of the Banat nobility has access to literacy. On the first level, handwriting was usual for those noble able to produce literary or religious works (so called Banatian humanists). On a second level could be included all those capable to write an official or private correspondence or who managed to manifest themselves in writing by small notes on the back of documents. A final level can be observed at those nobles whose ability to write is limited to the simple reproduction of their name (manu propria).


This paper is about a robot which is made to follow a human being through computer vision. The system looks for a barcode in the video frame and when found, it is bounded into a rectangle and the center coordinates of the rectangle are found out. These coordinates are compared with the center of the image and on the basis of the horizontal position of barcode the commands are given to the robot, to move left, right or forward. This Robot for image processing uses OpenCV library and programming with python. The processor board used for the robot is Raspberry pi for image processing and Arduino is used to driving motors. An ultrasonic sensor is used to calculate the distance between the robot and the human being.


In many educational and professional environments, diversely talented teams are created to solve problems requiring different skill sets. In the educational setting teams may be used to conduct a learning project; in a work setting teams may be used to develop a new product. Teams are usually constructed from "players" in different functional departments. Because the "best" player in each department can't be on all teams, constructing teams so that all teams function optimally is a challenging and often arbitrary process. This chapter describes a multiple criteria model for team selection that balances skill sets among the groups and varies the composition of the teams from period to period. The results of applying this team selection model to a cohort-structured Executive MBA (EMBA) program and to team selection in a Fortune 100 corporation are presented. The results of this project suggest that an implantation of a quantitative method, such as our Model III, markedly improves team performance and achieves that improvement in a timelier manner.


The social economy is an extremely present topic. It has been equally researched by economists, sociologists, politicians, philosophers etc. Moreover, we notice that the interest in this topic exceeds the ideological barriers, each of these ideologies outlining specific social economy formulas, but promotes the same values: solidarity, participation, work, cooperation, control, responsibility, common interests and managerial autonomy. We consider that the three ideological sources of the social economy (socialist, liberal and Christian) have fully contributed to create a responsive availability toward the social economy from east to west. Moreover, we believe that beyond these ideological resources the collective mentality and the human's mentality values solidarity, community, common interest ,etc, this being an advantage in developing and applying some models of social economy. At the basis of these values and concepts promoted by the social economy we find work in its concrete forms and values (either of religious nature or ideologically assumed).


We develop a semi-classical field method for the study of the weakly interacting Bose gas at finite temperature, which, contrarily to the usual classical field model, does not suffer from an ultraviolet cut-off dependence. We apply the method to the study of thermal vortices in spatially homogeneous, two-dimensional systems. We present numerical results for the vortex density and the vortex pair distribution function. Insight in the physics of the system is obtained by comparing the numerical results with the predictions of simple analytical models. In particular, we calculate the activation energy required to form a vortex pair at low temperature.


Through the ongoing attempt in our contemporary business world and in the majority of our work entreprises to search for ongoing growth, expansion and survival, the notion of death and mortality increasingly is falling into oblivion. The emphasis of this essay lies in the conviction that such fundamental human qualities as meaning, maturity and even wisdom eventual/y will be expatriated from our economic activities unless people individual/yas wel/ as col/ectively realize that the work they are doing, the life they are living, and the death they will inevitably experience, are interrelated.


This article is to analyze the main factors that hinder the practicality of college P.E. teachers?teaching researches. It is thought that college P. E. teachers?teaching researches should give prominence to their practicality. And measures for P. E. teachers to stress on the practicality of their teaching researches are clarified in this article.


I WAS disappointed to read that 14 representatives of the medical profession had written to The Daily Telegraph requesting the Government to introduce a nationwide ban on the preventative mass-medication of animals, and to curb farm use of the 'critically' important antibiotics (CIAs) ( VR , November 19, 2016, pp 502-503). This demonstrates that we are not getting our message on 'responsible use' across to our medical colleagues. The BVA President, Gudrun Ravetz, has emphasised that 'a unified approach between veterinary and medical leaders must continue to tackle antimicrobial resistance (AMR).' This must be the case and the way to go forward. We must update them on the efforts and progress that is being made on the veterinary side, especially, overall use reduction, future targets and CIA reductions. The medical profession itself is also under a lot of pressure on the subject of AMR and has genuine fears about its spread, particularly in hospitals and secondary care homes.

One of …


The present invention is an orally administrable disintegrating film preparation and the film formulation comprising ondansetron relates to a method for oral administration. .BACKGROUND


Since CISG(United Nations Convention on Contracts for International Sale of Goods)has adopted a relinquished stance to avoid dealing with issues of contract effect,it leaves a tough problem as to determining the contract effect on the seller's violation of warranty against defects of title.It is analyzed that in determining the title of goods,a preference is often given to protect the rights of the buyer's in good faith,while,such contract entered hereto should be held void or voidable in accordance with the contract law.Definitely,the priority of protection is shakable and problems arise in application of law.Considering the common stance taken by many states in protecting the third party in good faith,it is suggested that CISG should regulate explicitly that the sales contract is valid on seller's obligation violation of warranty against defects of title while the buyer in good faith.


Chemoselective hydrosilylation of amides to hemiaminals offers an effective route to aldehydes and nitrogenous skeletons. We herein present a KOtBu-catalyzed hydrosilylation of various aromatic and aliphatic amides with TMDS affording...


Aim:This study was designed to investigate thepathophysiologenesis of the induction of acute isolated perfused rabbit lungs edema by high concentration of chlorinegas. Methods:Ten isolated perfused rabbit lungs, as measured group (EIPL), were prepared by being exposed tohigh concentration chlorine (5 000 ppm)for 20 min. Nineisolated perfused rabbit lungs were used as controls(NIPL). The changes of lung weight (△WT), pulmonaryartery (Pa)and venous (Pv)pressure were continuously measured. The concentration of histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT ) in perfusate was measured by fluorophotometry. Results:While the perfusing blood flow waskept constant (133.3 mL/min), and Pv pressure did notchange, following the exposure, the lung weight, then thePa pressure and the concentration of histamine in perfusatewere increased significantly. Hematocrit of perfusate ofEIPL and parameters of lung water were increased also. Theconcentration of 5-HT in perfusate of EIPL did not significantly change υs NIPL. Under light microscope, pulmonaryedema, emphysema, and atelectasis could be seen clearly.Conclusion: The results suggest that high concentrationchlorine gas exposure can induce acute lung injury and edema due to an increase vascular permeability,which may berelated to the increasing concentration of histamine in theperfusate.


The invention discloses a gas-phase corrosion inhibitor used for carbon steel. The corrosion inhibitor is composed of the materials of, by mass, 27-33% of phytic acid, 36-45% of tannic acid, and 22-37% of sodium silicate, wherein a total amount of the components is 100%. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the corrosion inhibitor used for carbon steel. The gas-phase corrosion inhibitor has an excellent corrosion inhibition performance upon carbon steel. The complex gas-phase corrosion inhibitor has the advantages of no toxicity, high efficiency, and low pollution to the environment. With the gas-phase corrosion inhibitor, problems of low corrosion inhibition performance and toxicity of existing corrosion inhibitors are solved.


California is on a path toward zero net energy (ZNE) homes. The air-tightness of new and existing homes with electric heating and cooling is expected to increase as homes become more energy efficient. As homes become more energy efficient through air-sealing (or tightening), the possibility of poor indoor air quality (IAQ) increases (Levin and Phillips 2015). Poor IAQ associated with stringent energyefficiency requirements is a major barrier to California's energy-savings policy goals. Additionally, improvements in building thermal envelopes imply that the nominal energy needed to provide and condition ventilation air to achieve acceptable indoor air quality will represent a larger fraction of home energy use going forward. New approaches and technologies, including smart ventilation, are needed to keep California on the path toward healthy ZNE homes while saving energy. The purpose of this project is to develop smart ventilation technology approaches that reduce ventilation energy use and cost while maintaining IAQ. To ensure that smart ventilation technology incorporates air cleaning, IAQ metrics will be developed for optimizing ventilation.


Background/Aim. A short-term high-intensity noise from a gunshot impulse that occurs when using infantry weapon, can result in onset of auditory symptoms such as tinnitus, impaired hearing or feeling of pressure in one or both ears. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of live ammunition shooting from an automatic rifle on the hearing sense in professional military personnel. The examination was done in correlation with the conditions of the common shooting practice procedure. Methods. The research has been conducted on 22 professional soldiers serving in the Serbian Military, during their regular peacetime training shooting from the automatic rifle AP 7.62 mm M70. The training was conducted on the formational shooting field "Bubanj Potok". The written consent from all subjects was acquired. All subjects were submitted to medical examination prior and after the shooting session. The medical examination consisted of anamnesis, clinical otorhinolaryngological examination, audiometry and impedancemetry. All subjects filled out the following questionnaire forms: "The Questionnaire prior to shooting" and "The questionnaire after shooting." Subjects who were incapable to undergo shooting practice, whether from psychological or physical reasons were excluded from this study. Results. After the assessment of received data from 22 subjects, the results were as followed: in 2 (9%) subjects hearing impairment was diagnosed. Tinnitus was registered in 5 (22.7%) patients. One (4.5%) patient reported the feeling of pressure in one ear. One of two cases of one ear hearing impairment was on the rifle holding side and second case was on opposite lateral side. In both cases, hearing loss was of sensorineural type of milder degree, with a scotoma at 4,000 Hz in one case up to 50 dB and the second up to 55 dB. Conclusion. Auditory effects of impulse noise that occurs when shooting from automatic rifles cause hearing impairment, tinnitus and a feeling of pressure in the ears. The practical significance of this study lies in prevention which includes the mandatory use of personal protective equipment and functional arrangement of the practice shooting field.


A special box opening tool for a banknote packaging box is used for cutting a connecting tenon for the upper portion and the lower portion of a banknote packaging box body, and comprises a support (5), an operating handle (1) and a cutter (2), wherein the support (5) is capable of clamping the edge of the connection position of the upper portion and the lower portion of the box body to the opened, the operating handle (1) and the cutter (2) are mounted on the support (5), and the front end of the operating handle (1) is fixedly connected with a gear (3). The gear (3) is hinged with the support (5) and meshed with a slidable rack (6) mounted on the support (5); the cutter (2) is fixed to the bottom of the rack (6); and the gear (3) can drive the rack (6) and the cutter (2) to move forwards or backwards by turning the operating handle (1). The special box opening tool for the banknote packaging box conforms to human engineering, and is more convenient and rapider in operation and extremely labor-saving.


The invention provides a magnetic flux switching type transverse magnetic flux permanent magnetism wind mill generator, which is a novel transverse magnetic flux permanent magnetism wind mill generator which is high in power density and torque density and is directly driven. A stator consists of a plurality of stator cores(1) distributed around a rotor and an armature winding(4); each stator core(1) is U-shaped, both sides of the stator core(1) are embedded with a first permanent magnet(2) and a second permanent magnet(3), and magnetic pole directions of the two permanent magnets are opposite; the ring-shaped winding(4) is arranged in the stator; the magnetic poles of the first permanent magnets(2) of the two adjacent stator cores(1) are opposite, and the magnetic poles of the second permanent magnets(3) of the two adjacent stator cores(1) are also opposite; all rotor cores(5) are the same in size; the two adjacent rotor cores(5) are aligned left and right respectively and arranged at intervals; the rotor cores(5) are made by overlapping silicon steel sheets and arranged on a cylinder(8) made of non-magnetic conduction materials to form the whole rotor; and the rotor is connected with a rotating shaft of a motor (6) and then connected with a shell(7) through a bearing(9).


Incidental affective states tend to influence stereotyping in counterintuitive way: experimentally induced happiness leads to more stereotyping while experimentally induced sadness leads to less stereotyping. It was therefore predicted that happy subjects would a. would make more stereotype-consistent errors in memory task; b. attribute more stereotypical features to a specific ethnic group, and c. be less sensitive to ethnic discrimination in comparison to sad subjects. In a sample of 90 high school students from Belgrade, Serbia, differently valenced affects were successfully induced using 'autobiographic recollection' procedure. Experiment 1 showed that happy and sad subjects did not differ in the number of stereotype consistent errors in memory task. In experiment 2, however, happy subjects in comparison to sad subjects attributed more stereotypic traits to a non-stereotypical exemplar of a national category and expected him to behave more stereotypically in the future. Additionally, in thought listing task, happy subjects recorded more irrelevant and less story-focused thoughts in comparison to sad subjects. Finally, in Experiment 3 (N=66) sad subjects demonstrated more sensitivity to ethnic discrimination in comparison to happy subjects. These findings are discussed in terms of the impact of emotional experience on social information-processing strategies.


The Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) proposes to fund the Yakima Fisheries Project (YFP) to undertake fishery research and mitigation activities in the Yakima River Basin. The State of Washington and the Yakama Indian Nation (YIN) would jointly direct the project. In cooperation with BPA, the project managers propose to construct, operate and maintain anadromous (e.g. salmon) fish production facilities The goal is to conduct research activities designed to increase knowledge of supplementation techniques. These techniques would be applied to rebuild naturally spawning anadromous fish stocks historically present in the Yakima River Basin and, ultimately, those throughout the Columbia River Basin. Eventually, the YFP might involve the supplementation of all stocks of anadromous fish known to have occurred in the Yakima Basin. However, at this time only two action alternatives have been proposed, in addition to the No Action alternative: Alternative (1) would supplement depressed naturally spawning populations of upper Yakima spring chinook salmon; Alternative (2) (preferred) would include all actions under Alternative 1; it would also add a study to determine the feasibility of re-establishing a naturally spawning population and a significant fall fishery for coho salmon in the Yakima Basin (Coho smolts are currently being imported from another basin under the Columbia River Basin Fish Management Plan; the stock is now virtually eliminated from the Basin.)


In recent years, there has been a demand by the traveling public for longer-lasting, more durable transportation structures. One of the biggest problems encountered is the corrosion of reinforcing steel used in concrete applications. To reduce the damage caused by the ingress of chlorides, and the subsequent corrosion, the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) has developed and used a high-performance concrete, designated Class HP. As part of a continuous improvement effort to produce longer-lasting structures, research has been ongoing to further improve the characteristics of Class HP concrete. The study is a continuation of the previous experimental work performed by the NYSDOT and reported in Transportation Research Record 1574. During that study, the effects of microsilica, fly ash, and the total cementitious mass in a mixture on cracking and permeability of the resulting concrete were studied. The experimental design used in the investigation resulted in testing a minimal number of concrete mixtures yet allowed the analysis of a broad range of possible combinations. Statistical analysis of experimental data is presented, and examples of a scientific approach to experimentation are shown. The Response Surface Methodology was used with the appropriate statistical experimental designs, including the Box–Behnken design. In addition to the traditional linear regression models, a modern technique of the local regression was used.


We present a simple sample-path version of the rate conservation law (of Miyazawa) and then show that the H = λG law (of Heyman and Stidham) is essentially the same law, that is, either one can be derived from the other. As a final remark we illustrate the use of both laws jointly to quickly obtain a queueing result.


WATTS, J. M. & STOOKEY, J. M. (2000) Vocal behaviour in cattle: the animal's commentary on its biological processes and welfare. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 67, 15-33 WEBSTER, A. J. F. (2001) Farm animal welfare: the five freedoms and the free market. Veterinary Journal 161, 229-237 WHITE, R. G., DESHAER, J. A. & TRASSLER, C. J. (1995) Vocalization and physiological responses of pigs during castration with and without a local anesthetic. Journal ofAnimal Science 73, 381-386 ZAVY, M. T., JUNIEWICZ, P. E., PHILLIPS, W. A. & VONTUNGELN, D. L. ( 1992) Effect of initial restraint, weaning and transport stress on baseline and ACTH-stimulated cortisol responses in beef calves of different genotypes. American Journal of Veterinary Research 53, 551-557


The northeastern North Atlantic evolved in the following three stages: (1) 54–44 Ma, initial separation, (2) 44–26 Ma, separation of Jan Mayen microcontinent from Greenland with complementary fan-shaped spreading on both sides, and (3) 26 Ma to present, spreading about a single axis passing west of the microcontinent. Poles of rotation for each stage have been refined, and the plate tectonic evolution of the Icelandic transverse ridge in relation to adjacent regions has been reconstructed. During the early stage the Iceland-Faeroe Ridge and the complementary east Greenland shelf were formed. The Faeroe transform fault separated the region from the Norwegian Sea and the spreading axis jumped westward prior to anomaly 22. During the intermediate stage, the line of the Faeroe transform fault enabled the Jan Mayen microcontinent to slide out, with the development of a ridge-ridge-transform triple function which migrated westward, and the formation of a wedge-shaped region of crustal accretion joining the triple junction to the Aegir Ridge. The Greenland-Iceland Ridge eastward of the shelf break and most of the Vestfirdir region of Iceland were formed during this stage. At the start of the last stage, the Reykjanes and Kolbeinsey spreading axes became joined by a new split which formed an eastward bulging embayment across the Icelandic transverse ridge approximately coincident with the eastern edge of the insular shelf of Iceland. The asymmetrical shape of Iceland itself, and of the whole transverse ridge, is explained by this reconstruction.


True full-duplex communications have attracted increasing attention for potentially doubling the spectral efficiency, but the analog impairments in the transmitter and receiver hardware, which nonlinearly distort the signal, make it difficult to model and remove the self-interference. In this work, three different types of neural network model-based cancellers have been evaluated. Our results indicate that the NARX (Nonlinear auto-regressive exogenous) network canceller can achieve a peak cancellation performance of 9dB, similar to the conventional polynomial model but with 16.7% computations that the polynomial model requires.


The paper describes the current traffic functions and responsibilities of central, metropolitan and local government and their broad policy areas. It shows how these responsibilities relate to responsibilities for other transport modes and for responsibility in other policy areas (housing, employment and land use and planning). The procedures adopted in the development of roads and traffic policies by the different authorities are discussed, together with the inputs and constraints and relationship to other policy areas. The present policy attitudes of the different levels of government are examined, and it is shown how these attitudes lead to inconsistencies and conflict, and where attitudes can complement policy development processes. Comments are made on the more immediate short term traffic management, road policy issues and the longer term effects in terms of city structure and form. The final part of the paper considers means of improving the current policy development processes. For example by relating roads, traffic, public transport, land use and economic development more closely, better assessment of priorities, trading off of local against strategic issues and opening up the policy development procedures to greater accountability and public scrutiny can be made. For the covering abstract of the seminar see TRIS 451249. (TRRL)