The extent of the demographic transition among Islamic populations is analyzed. "Islamic populations account for about one in five or six of the worlds population but are increasing more rapidly. Examination of the demographic characteristics of 37 Muslim countries with 50 per cent of Muslims reveals that three-quarters have experienced little demographic transition and only five have undergone substantial fertility decline: Albania Indonesia Lebanon Tunisia and Turkey. The stage of transition is not closely related to economic status. Female status though not uniform throughout the Muslim world helps to make Muslim populations distinctive. Government concern about population growth is increasing." (EXCERPT)


Monitoring the ex vivo activation of human T lymphocytes is key to developing optimized adoptive cell therapy protocols. We describe here the development of a large scale multiplexed assay using high throughput flow cytometry to daily monitor T-cell activation in PBMCs from multiple donors. On Day 0, PBMCs from multiple donors were profiled to confirm immunophenotype before and after T-cell enrichment with CD3/CD28 magnetic beads. Enriched T cells were cultured in the presence of the beads for 3 days. On Days 1, 2, and 3, samples were removed from the cultures and evaluated using assays that combined cell phenotype measurements with analysis of multiple secreted cytokines. In each well of the assay plates, secreted levels of 11 cytokines and multiple cellular readouts including the presence of cells expressing CD69, CD25 and HLA-DR over the course of a three-day activation protocol were determined. Cell viability and cell number for different subpopulations were also evaluated. Each 96-well plate contained T cells from 12 different donors, in quadruplicate, in two different dilutions. Each plate was read on the iQue® Screener PLUS system in less than 15 minutes. The results indicate time resolved, donor-to-donor differences in activation markers. These large-scale experiments with high throughput flow cytometry provide extensive T-cell activation profiles on multiple donors with rapid assay turnaround time. The use of these assays can provide valuable information for optimizing adoptive cell therapy development and manufacturing protocols.


Despite their productivity and contribution to urban development, homeless migrants are seen as problematic and their needs largely overlooked by policy. For many, migration and/or homelessness can form a part of a well-planned and successful strategy for individual or household survival or improvement. Nevertheless, other migrants find themselves living in a prolonged state of liminal homelessness, unable to return home or improve their situation. This paper uses a concept of 'consequential context' to explore the relationship between migration and homelessness and the factors which may serve to trap migrants in situations of abject poverty in the city.


not present a common front. Taking advantage of the fierce competition among the various groups of the nobility, the grand duke could consolidate his own autocratic authority, thereby setting a political pattern that lasted into the nineteenth century. Such are the bare highlights of the contributions made to our knowledge and understanding of Russian political thought by this extremely informative and original volume of an ever-valuable series.


When one speaks of the Counter-Reformation in Scotland, we usually think of it as something which appeared after 1560. To do that, however, is to regard the Scottish Counter-Reformation as principally post-Reformation, and also as inspired entirely by the Council of Trent. Such an interpretation fails to take into account the very determined efforts made by the Scottish church itself to stay the spread of heretical doctrines before 1560. It fails to realize that while aided considerably by the Tridentine decisions, the Scottish Counter-Reformation was largely a native movement which had its own views of the proper methods of dealing with the growing canker in the body ecclesiastic. Thus in order to have a due appreciation of the background of the Scottish Reformation and all that it entailed, it is necessary that we should have some understanding of the forces opposing Protestant reform in Scotland before 1560. Such a background this article will endeavour to give.


We consider a stabilization problem of a class of input-delayed nonlinear systems that have not only feedforward, but also some non-feedforward nonlinearity. While there are some existing results that deal with input-delayed non-feedforward nonlinear systems, they often assume a small input delay. It has been often the case that for a large input delay, the results are limited to only feedforward systems. In this letter, combined with the LMI approach in [3] and the reduction method in [5], we show that some feedforward and non-feedforward systems with a large delay in the input can be stabilized via the proposed controller.


The amplitudes of stepwise-approximated sine waves generated by programmable Josephson voltage standards (PJVS) are not intrinsically accurate because the transitions between the quantized voltages depend on numerous conditions. We have developed a method that ensures that the total rms output voltage of arbitrary ac waveforms synthesized by the PJVS are accurate and referenced to the quantized Josephson voltages. This is accomplished by digitizing the entire output waveform, utilizing the quantum voltages to correct digitizer gain, noise, and nonlinearity, and then applying our understanding of the interplay between measurement bandwidth, risetime, and harmonic content to precisely tune the bias parameters. Our goal is to develop an AC standard source for voltage metrology that can directly synthesize voltages with the accuracy expected of a quantum-based standard without the use of a thermal voltage converter.


ABSTRACT The continuous change in the strength and other properties, environmental problems, hike in cement price, advancement of construction industry makes the usage of alternative materials as Functionally graded materials (FGM) which leads to a new materials on concrete as Functionally graded concrete (FGC), In this present paper, investigation has carried out on the functionally graded concrete by using red mud and also fly ash. In this M20 grade of concrete is used as the conventional concrete in compression zone and M25 with the replacement of cement by red mud and flyash with varying percentage (5%, 10% 15%) respectively in the tension zone. The results indicated that the 10% of the red mud and 10% of the fly ash as the optimum value for the concrete beam and by load deflection curve, it is evident that functionally graded concrete beam has more advantages than ordinary concrete since it has more durability and strength characteristics. Scanning electron microscope analysis was also carried out on the red mud functionally graded concrete and fly ash functionally graded concrete. It clearly indicated the pores present in the materials which tends to increase in strength of the concrete.


This paper investigates whether the funding behaviour of euro area debt management offices (DMOs) changed with the start of the ECB's Public Sector Purchase Programme (PSPP). Our results show that (i) lower yield levels and (ii) PSPP purchases supported higher maturities at issuance. The former indicates a behaviour of "locking in low rates for longer", while the latter suggests the existence of an additional "demand effect" of the PSPP on DMO strategies beyond the PSPP's effect via yields. The combined impact of the PSPP via these channels amounts to maturity extensions at issuance of about one year in our estimation, which compares to the average issuance maturity for Germany, France, Italy and Spain before the PSPP of four years. Our finding that DMOs extend maturities when funding conditions ease invites further work on the economic implications of public debt management during the PSPP and its relevance for monetary policy transmission.


Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM) is one of the key technologies for the next wireless system. However,frequency offsets ruin the orthogonal in sub-carriers and cause inter-carrier interference(ICI) .A novel all phase OFDM(APOFDM) system is proposed.APFFT is introduced to overcome ICI aroused by carrier frequency offset(CFO) .This scheme makes use of APFFT signal processing and frequency domain coding to reduce the amount of ICI generated as a result of CFO,with little additional computational complexity.At the same time,the proposed system has zero phase error.It is proved to be correct and effective in mathematics.The simulation results indicate that APOFDM system has a better performance than conventional OFDM system.


This is the announcement of top 5 PDF from 22 articles in 3 issues of Vol. 1 2017, which is based on the results of Statistical Reports of TI in September 2019. I am very glad to announce the 5 best viewed articles of Volume 1, 2017. And I want to express my sincere thanks for submitting outstanding papers.


BACKGROUND
With the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists reaffirming its 2007 opposition to labiaplasty in 2019, the procedure continues to be controversial. Particular emphasis on pornography as a major influencer on women seeking labiaplasty contributes to its controversy and distracts from other motivations. Few articles have established pornography's influence relative to functional and appearance related symptoms.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to look at the relative influence of pornography on women's decision to seek labiaplasty relative to other factors, with comparison with a control cohort.

METHODS
In this prospective study, 124 consecutive patients consulting about labiaplasty and a control cohort of 50 women were questioned 11 labia-related symptoms and the influence of pornography as possible.

RESULTS
The mean age was 34.2 and 38.9 in the labiaplasty and control cohorts, respectively. Women within the labiaplasty cohort had on average 2.8 out of the 6 queried physical symptoms and 3.2 out of the 5 queried appearance-related symptoms. In comparison, control patients reported an average of 0.3 of the 6 queried physical symptoms and 0.2 out of the 5 queried appearance-related symptoms. (p<0.001) Less than half (47 percent of the labiaplasty and 42 percent of the control cohort) never viewed pornography. Pornography was not an influential factor to seek labiaplasty in 42 percent of the labiaplasty cohort and 54 percent of the control cohort. A minority (11 percent in the labiaplasty cohort and 4 percent in the control cohort) said that pornography influenced them to seek labiaplasty. There were no statistically significant differences between these two groups.

CONCLUSION
Pornography influences some women to seek labiaplasty, but relative to other motivating factors, its role is minor.


Steel slag cement was carbonated to manufacture steel slag bricks.Different proportions of steel slag and cement were designed.Under the precondition of meeting the requirement of national standard,the maximum proportion of steel slag was 60%.So preparing carbonated steel slag mixed cement bricks,whose carbonation degree is 10.44%,bending strength is 5.02 MPa,compressive strength is 20.06 MPa,freezing and thawing strength is 14.63 MPa,water absorption is 11.24%,saturated intensity is 10.89 MPa and soundness is conformity.


A known result is combined with theorems proved in this paper to show that any one-step method for the numerical solution of the initial value problem has asympotic error expansion, and to prove an extrapolation theorem on accelerating the convergence of the numerical method.


In this paper, Action Language formalism has been used to reason about narratives in a multi agent framework. The actions have been given a semantic frame representation. Hypothetical situations have been dealt using different states for world knowledge and agents' knowledge. A notion of plan recognition has been proposed to answer causal queries. Finally, an algorithm has been proposed for automatically translating a given narrative into the representation and causal query entailment has been shown.


The origin of quantum interference characteristic of bound nonlinear systems is investigated within the Bohmian formulation of time-dependent quantum mechanics. By contrast to time-dependent semiclassical theory, whereby interference is a consequence of phase mismatch between distinct classical trajectories, the Bohmian, fully quantum mechanical expression for expectation values has a quasiclassical appearance that does not involve phase factors or cross terms. Numerical calculations reveal that quantum interference in the Bohmian formulation manifests itself directly as sharp spatial/temporal variations of the density surrounding kinky trajectories. These effects are most dramatic in regions where the underlying classical motion exhibits focal points or caustics, and crossing of the Bohmian trajectories is prevented through extremely strong and rapidly varying quantum mechanical forces. These features of Bohmian dynamics, which constitute the hallmark of quantum interference and are ubiquitous in bound nonlinear systems, represent a major source of instability, making the integration of the Bohmian equations extremely demanding in such situations.


Provided herein are 2'-amino and 2'-thio bicyclic nucleosides and oligomenc compounds prepared therefrom. The novel bicyclic nucleosides provided herein are expected to be useful for enhancing one or more properties of the oligomeric com pounds they are incorporated into Such as nuclease resistance.


Background and Aim: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disorder with an incidence of 1/15000, which is sometimes called the adrenogenital syndrome. This disorder which occurs during fetal development is a consequence of inborn errors in cortisol biosynthesis. Compensatory overproduction of ACTH by the fetus to overcome cortisol deficiency produces hyperplastic but inefficient adrenal cortices.  More than 90% of cases result from mutations of CYP21 gene, leading to 21- hydroxyllase deficiency, which is essential not only for cortisol biosynthesis but also for aldosterone formation. Deficient or excessive mineralocorticoid production is the other major clinical problem associated with CAH syndrome. The distinctive clinical features of the CAH syndrome result from inappropriate production of both sex steroids and mineralocorticoids.  In its classical form, CAH is severe and consists of the virilizing (increase of androgens) and salt wasting (lack of aldosteron) phenotype. When a probond exists, early prenatal diagnosis for CAH can be performed by direct molecular analysis in the first trimester. Case Report: In recently reported case, the patient is a 10 year old young boy whose parent's chief complaint were unerupted maxillary right central incisor. After taking a complete history the patient was diagnosed with CAH. His 18 year old sister was affected too. Up to now, there has been no report regarding the oral and dental status of these patients in the literature. It is probable that delayed eruption and root formation of some teeth can be related to either this congenital disorder or drug consumption.


Intermittent running on a tread mill at a speed of 20 km/h (12.4 miles/h) is analysed and a comparison between this work and continuous running at the same speed has been done. The present results are in agreement with the assumption that stored oxygen plays an important role for the oxygen supply during short spells of heavy work. When running intermittent 6.67 km in 30 min (effective work 20 min and rest 10 min), a trained subject attained a total O2 uptake of 150 1. With an O2 uptake of 0.4 1/min at rest standing at the tread mill, or 4 1 per 10 min of rest, 146 1 O2 are due to the 20 min of work. The actual uptake at work was only 101 1 and if normal values are assumed during rest pauses, a deficit in oxygen transport of 45 1 arises during the 20 min of actual work. This quantity will be taken up during the 120 rest pauses of 5 sec each. Two thirds of the oxygen demand during the 120 work periods of 10 sec each will accordingly be supplied by oxygen transported with the blood during work, and one third will be covered by a reduction in the available oxygen stores in the muscles, which in turn will be reloaded during the subsequent 5 sec rest periods. Respiratory and circulatory functions at intermittent and continuous running with special reference to maximal values are discussed. Research on intermittent work may open up a new field in work physiology.


Compost filter socks are generally used to control sediment on construction sites or land disturbing activities. Higher sediment removal efficiencies of compost filter socks, relative to silt fence, have been attributed to its larger surface area and sediment storage capacity, due to its tubular construction. Compost has been used widely to bioremediate polluted soils. By adding new materials to the compost filter media within the sock, these innovative sediment control devices may be used for storm water pollutant removal applications beyond sediment. Under laboratory test conditions, similar to test methods designed to evaluate silt fence (ATSM D-5141), results from 12 in and 18 in compost filter socks show TSS removal efficiency of runoff of 70% and a turbidity reduction of 74 and 84%, respectively. When compost filter media is specified and designed for high runoff flow conditions, generally, flow through rates are increased at the expense of suspended solids and turbidity reduction. By adding anionic polymers to the compost filter media, such as PAM or a polysaccharide biopolymer, turbidity reduction of runoff can increase from 21% to 90 and 77%, respectively; and TSS removal efficiency can improve from 58% to 90 and 88%, respectively. Additionally, polymers can be added to the filter media to remove hard to capture soluble pollutants, such as dissolved reactive phosphorus. By adding a polymer to the filter media that can adsorb soluble P, test results show that removal efficiencies from storm water runoff can increase from 6% to 93%. Based on 45 samples of compost filter media tested for physical characteristics and runoff pollution control performance, the mean hydraulic flow through rate was 24 gpm/linear ft, mean total solids removal was 92%, mean suspended solids removal was 30%, mean turbidity reduction was 24%, and mean motor oil removal rate was 89%. Based on preliminary correlations, particle size distribution of filter media is the best indicator of hydraulic flow through rate and pollutant removal efficiency, although bulk density of the filter media may be used if particle sizes are unknown, and void space of the filter media may be used to predict flow through rate but not pollutant removal efficiency. The g reater the hydraulic flow through rate of a filter media, generally the lower the pollutant removal efficiency. Results from this study indicate that compost filter socks are an effective sediment control device and by adding new materials to the filter sock its applications expand …


There is a semiconductor circuit disclosed for providing decoupling capacitance for the integrated circuit power supply, the semiconductor circuit is a serially connected memory rail voltage level of the decoupling capacitor, and a node consisting of the cell array in the node to exceed the voltage level of the power source It includes a biasing voltage source which is connected to the memory cell array of nodes.


Through the electrochemical oxidation of leachate pretreatment,determining the optimal conditions by using orthogonal experimental methods,an analysis of organic component before and after the electrochemical oxidation process to the leachate is made by GCMS instrument.In processing time of 120 min,the current density is 7.5 A/dm2,the plate spacing is 5 mm,SnO2/Ti as anode plate,stainless steel as cathode,dosage of NaCl is 2 g/100 mL.When the COD concentration of water inflow reaches 44 100 mg/L,the effluent concentration is 1 369 mg/L,and the removal rate 68.94%,when the concentration of ammonia water reaches 4 085 mg/L,the effluent concentration is 1 209 mg/L,the removal raised to 70.4%.The obvious removal of organic and increase of volatile organic compounds could be helpful to the pretreatment of high concentration leachate and the biological treatments follow up.


One of the aims of industrial machine vision is to develop computer and electronic systems destined to replace human vision in the process of quality control of industrial production. In this paper we discuss the development of a new design environment developed for real-time defect detection using reconfigurable FPGA and DSP processor mounted inside a DALSA programmable CCD camera. The FPGA is directly connected to the video data-stream and outputs data to a low bandwidth output bus. The system is targeted for web inspection but has the potential for broader application areas. We describe and show test results of the prototype system board, mounted inside a DALSA camera and discuss some of the algorithms currently simulated and implemented for web inspection applications.


An intelligent inflatable high-voltage vacuum switch cabinet for metros comprises a low-voltage chamber, an upper mechanism operation chamber, a lower mechanism operation chamber, a lower overhaul chamber, a lower decompression chamber, a main bus-bar inflating chamber, a cable installation chamber, a vacuum breaker inflating chamber and a rear decompression chamber. The intelligent inflatable high-voltage vacuum switch cabinet is mainly characterized in that a main conductive return circuit of the high-voltage vacuum switch cabinet is sealed in the main bus-bar inflating chamber and the breaker inflating chamber, one three-station isolating/grounding switch is respectively arranged in the main bus-bar inflating chamber and the breaker inflating chamber, and the main bus-bar inflating chamber and the breaker inflating chamber are electrically connected through a middle connector. During overhaul or power failure, both the two three-station isolating/grounding switches can be grounded, thereby effectively guaranteeing safety of the maintenance personnel during overhaul. When a breaker has large failure and cannot be maintained on site, the three-station isolating/grounding switch in the main bus-bar inflating chamber can be separated, relative connection pieces can be dismounted, the vacuum breaker inflating chamber can be drawn out, and a backup compartment is installed, so that power supply is restored quickly, and deadly defects of the single air chamber switch cabinet of not being capable of being maintained on site and being long in power failure time are overcome.


One of the more neglected areas of research in the field of criminology are the crimes committed by 'white collar' offenders. An even more understudied area is the corporate crimes that are committed against the environment for profit. Despite this dearth of research, there have been several sociologically significant examinations into some of the more serious environmental crimes committed over the last three decades. While some of this research is theoretically underdeveloped, more recent studies have attempted to develop a coherent framework to study environmental crime. By linking and synthesizing two literatures in both white-collar criminology and environmental justice, sociologists have begun to develop a framework for examining 'green crimes', the motivations, opportunity context, victimology, and enforcement issues. This article will be a survey of these studies and development literature along with some typological and definitional issues relevant to the subfield. This aims to map where criminology has been in the sub-field of environmental crime and provides directions for where future research should be headed.


Objective To investigate the effectiveness and limb salvage rate of treatment for occlusion of PTFE grafting in the lower limb.Methods From July 1998 to May 2007,86 lower limbs with PTFE grafting occlusion in 79 patients were treated in Xuanwu Hospital.Thrombectomy for PTFE grafting occlusion was performed in 37 limbs(43.1%);thrombectomy combined with new PTFE prosthesis to reconstruction the distant artery was performed in 13 limbs(15.1%);thrombectomy combined with interventional therapy was performed in 13 limbs(15.1%);Re-grafting with new PTFE graft was carried out in 9 limbs(10.5%);medical treatment was used in 7 limbs(8.1%);amputation was performed in 7 limbs(8.1%).Results Twenty-two limbs in 21 patients were amputated.Eight patients died.The limb salvage rate in revascularization patients was 63%.Conclusions Thrombectomy in the occluded PTFE graft,thrombectomy combined with graft-tibial or peroneal artery bypass,thrombectomy in PTFE graft combined with interventional therapy,and re-grafting with a new PTFE graft can be used.Those methods are effective treatment and can avoid amputation in most patients.


In this paper we study the triple reverse-order law (ABC)D = CDBDAD for the
 Drazin invertible operators A,B and C under the commutative relations [AB,
 B] = 0, [BC, B] = 0 and [AB, BC] = 0.


Aerial-ground interference mitigation has been deemed as the main challenge in realizing cellular-connected unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications. Due to the line-of-sight (LoS)-dominant air-ground channels, the UAV generates/suffers much stronger interference to/from cellular base stations (BSs) over a much larger region in its uplink/downlink communication, as compared to the terrestrial users. As a result, conventional inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) techniques catered for terrestrial networks become ineffective in mitigating the more severe UAV-induced interference. To deal with this new challenge, this letter introduces a cognitive radio based solution by treating the UAV and terrestrial users as secondary and primary users in the network, respectively. In particular, the LoS channels with terrestrial BSs/users endow the UAV with a powerful spectrum sensing capability for detecting the terrestrial signals over a much larger region than its serving BS. By exploiting this unique feature, we propose a new UAV-sensing-assisted ICIC design for both the UAV downlink and uplink communications. Specifically, the UAV senses its received interference and the transmissions of terrestrial users in the downlink and uplink, respectively, over the resource blocks (RBs) available at its serving BS to assist its RB allocation to the UAV for avoiding the interference with co-channel terrestrial communications. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed UAV-assisted ICIC outperforms the conventional terrestrial ICIC by engaging the neighboring BSs for cooperation only.


The invention relates to a gene NS1 (Structural Protein) defective respiratory syncytial virus and application thereof. The gene NS1 defective respiratory syncytial virus is synthesized by Vero cells, and the Vero cells are formed through plasmid cotransfection of genes carrying NS1-defective virus cDNA, viruses N, M2-1, P and L. In the gene NS1 defective respiratory syncytial virus, the gene NS1 in the respiratory syncytial virus is deleted by utilizing a reverse gene strategy. The gene NS1 defective respiratory syncytial virus is applied to treating breast cancer and kills breast cancer cells selectively.


D. Sperber and D. Wilson propose Relevance Theory (R. T) and it points out linguistic communication is a process of cognition. This paper attempts to make an analysis of the learner - centered foreign language teaching on the basis of RT. The author makes the tentative survey on how to achieve the successful classroom interaction between the teachers and the learners in the learner-centered curriculum and how the teachers' discourses make the learners obtain the optimal relevance via cultural backgrounds and emotional characteristics and cognitive process while learning. Key words: relevance; RT;Learner-centered; foreign language teaching


In this paper the concept of split domination and n on – split domination in bipolar fuzzy graphs are introduced and investigate d some of their properties. Also relationship between connected domination, split do mination, strong split domination and non – split domination number in bipolar fuzzy grap hs are discussed.


This paper discusses harnessing Internet of Things in monitoring and managing dams in Republic of Serbia. Large dams are of major importance, primarily because of their use for electricity, but risks which are associated with it should be greatly taken into account. There is a need to consolidate information related to dam facilities in order to use them for dam management in Republic of Serbia. An information system has been developed based on existing systems, allowing utilization of intelligent network sensors. The aim of paper is to describe possibilities Internet of Things application within specific system for dam safety management. In order to facilitate the inclusion of a large number of intelligent sensors, a new data acquisition module for communication with sensors in the monitoring network is defined. The system should provide on time alerting in the case that the security parameters deviate from expected values.


High quality epitaxial MgO thin films have been grown on Si (001) wafers by molecular beam epitaxy using SrTiO3 (STO) as a buffer layer. The STO buffer layer reduces both the large lattice mismatch of 23% and the large thermal mismatch of 520% between MgO and Si. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements indicate that the MgO film grown on the STO buffered Si is epitaxial with MgO (002)‖Si (004) and MgO [110]‖Si [002]. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of MgO (002) rocking curve width Δω is 0.30° (out-of-plane), and the FWHM of MgO (202) ϕ angle scan width Δϕ is 0.34° (in-plane) for a 155nm thick film. Strain relaxation and growth mechanisms of the MgO film on Si were studied by in situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) analysis in combination with XRD and atomic force microscopy. The results indicate that the MgO first forms a pseudomorphic wetting layer and subsequently undergoes a Stranski-Krastanov transition to form three-dimensional coherent islands to relieve misfit strain. A decre...


Derivative cloud service providers use nesting to provision virtual computational entities (VCE) within VCEs, e.g., containers runtimes within virtual machines. As part of resource management and ensuring application performance, migration of nested containers is an important and useful mechanism. Checkpoint Restore In Userspace (CRIU) is the dominant method for migration, used by Docker and other container technologies. While CRIU works well for container migration from host to host, it suffers from significant increase in resource requirements in nested setups. The overheads are primarily due to the high network virtualization overhead in nested environments. While techniques such as SR-IOV can mitigate the overheads, they require additional hardware features and tight coupling of network endpoints. Based on our insights of network virtualization being the main bottleneck, we present Portkey - a software-based solution for efficient nested container migration that significantly reduces CPU utilization at both the source and destination hosts. Our solution relies on interposing a layer that directly coordinates network IO from within a virtual machine with the hypervisor. A new set of hypercalls provide this interfacing along with a control loop that minimizes the hypercall path usage. Extensive evaluation of our solution shows that Portkey reduces CPU usage by up to 75% and 82% at the source and destination hosts, respectively.


The Miocene to Pliocene Hinglaj Formation dominantly composed of sandstone and shale is widely exposed in the southern Balochistan stretching from Nal to Bela area and extends upto southwest Ormara, Mekran. The present study aims at to document the depositional environment of the Hinglaj Formation near Nal. Twelve facies in the 1443 m thick Hinglaj Formation of Nal section have been recognised. The detailed facies analyses indicate a foreshore beach environment. The facies of shale, shale with interbedded sandstone, arenaceous limestone and hummocky cross-stratified sandstone were deposited on the lower shoreface. Bioturbated sandstone and shale clasted sandstone were deposited on lower shoreface to transition zone, whereas the deposition of low angle cross-bedded sandstone, trough cross-bedded sandstone and turriform gastropod shell lag facies are interpreted to have been deposited in upper to middle shoreface environment. The herringbone cross-stratified sandstone with oyester shell fragments represents deposition in swash zone. The facies distribution of these silisiclastic rocks reflects the complex interaction of fluvial and marine processes. Seven zones of transgressive and regressive complexes have been identified. The transgressive complexes involve the shoreface retreat of the topographically higher parts of the beach during storms and continuous reworking of the sediment input by wave action during fair weather conditions. The shoreface retreat storm events produced shell lag beds of turriform gastropod and oyester which characterize the initial transgression and secondary transgression respectively. On the other hand the regressive complexes originated during the period of prolonged calm and quiescent intervals accompanied with lower reworking, reduced wave energy and sporadic subaerial exposures.


Objective To observe the changes of plasma endothelin in patients with hypertension combined with atrial fibrillation(AF) ,compare the effects of aspirin and warfarin antithrombotic therapy on endothelin in patients with atrial fibrillation,guide rational use of antithrombotic therapy. Methods From 2009 to 2010 in a hospital 57 patients with hypertension combined with atrial fibrillation were randomly divided into the aspirin group(29 cases) and the warfarin group(28 cases) and another 30 healthy cases were selected as control group. Plasma endothelin levels in 3 groups were determined,the various indicators of cardiac structure and function under cardiac ultrasound were evaluated. The aspirin group and the warfarin group were given respectively aspirin 100 mg/d and adjusted dose warfarin [international normalized ratio(2 ~ 3) ] treatment and followed-up for one year,radioimmunoassay(RIA method) was used to determine the endothelin(ET) ,the changes of endothelin were compared before and after treatment. Results The aspirin group and the warfarin group could effectively decrease plasma endothelin levels,the difference was not statistically significant(P 0.05) ,but after treatment in warfarin group endothelin level was slightly lower than that in aspirin group. Conclusion Aspirin and warfarin can reduce in different degrees plasma endothelin levels in patients with hypertension combined with atrial fibrillation,there are no significant differences in treatment effects,so they are worth being widely used in clinical practice.


ion from the exocyclic methylene adjacent to the amide nitrogen to form the cr-centred intermediate radical 96, stabilized by the combined resonance effects of the electron-donating amido and electron-withdrawing ethoxycarbonyl substituents. This result in turn indicates that with the ethoxycarbonyl substituent at the exocyclic methylene adjacent to nitrogen, radical formation at the cr-carbon of 72 is facilitated.


ABSTRACT In 1965, Gordon E. Moore, co-founder of Intel, predicted that the number of transistors in an integrated circuit would double approximately every two years. His assertion became known as Moore's Law. The nature of reference and information service has changed dramatically over the past quarter century, as has literature searching. These changes are reviewed and examined in the context of Moore's Law.


High accuracy of numerical weather prediction(NWP) directly depends on good forecast models and initial conditions.In NWP practice,the adjustments of initial conditions or model parameters according to observational data are meteorological inverse problems.Through the equivalent transformation of the model parameter identification and the adjustment of initial conditions,a new meteorological inverse problems solution based on evolutionary strategy is presented in this paper.Two ideal numerical experiments are implemented by using the simple prediction models of one-dimensional diffusion equation and Lorenz-96.The results show that after the optimization,prediction errors could be controlled in a minor range and the prediction remains stable,which verifies the validity of the method.


The severe crisis of environment and energy that China is facing obstacles its economic development and building of an overall moderate comfortable society.To deal with such problems,China should pave a new way leading to industrialization.


This thesis is a study of the three books of lute music by the Italian composer Melchiore de Barberiis (fl 1546, 1549). The content of the music in the books is mostly based on intabulations of vocal songs but also includes a number of dances and fantasias. In this study I have provided transcriptions of the complete contents of the three books. Intabulations of vocal pieces are examined, as well as Fantasias and dances, in order to understand the composer's intabulation and compositional techniques. Intabulations are compared to different versions of the same pieces, where possible, and focus on the structure and the implications for musica ficta. The styles of fantasias and dances – two contrasting styles in terms of structure and harmony – are studied, with further reference to parallel pieces by other composers. In addition, the study illustrates the frequency of – what are normally regarded as harmonic – solecisms in each genre. Further comments on stylistic and idiomatic lute playing are included, as well as historiographical information in order to place Barberiis in the compositional context of his time. Moreover, excerpts from intabulations and dances are quoted and analysed, based on the theory of hexachords. The purpose of this approach associates with the idea of using musica ficta evidence found in intabulations, as a guide for performance.


The glycoprotein hormones CG, LH, FSH, and TSH are composed of two noncovalently linked subunits, a and β. The β-subunit confers hormone specificity, while the ±-subunit is homologous within a species. To help in determining the antigenic structure of the common ±-subunit, six monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to the free or heterodimeric ±-subunit of human (h) gonadotropic hormones have been prepared and, along with two previously isolated mAbs, have been characterized for binding specificity to ±- and β-subunits and the human glycoprotein hormones, CG, LH, FSH, and TSH. Each mAb was derived from hybidomas of FO myeloma cells fused with spleen cells from mice immunized with free ±-subunit, hCG or hFSH. mAbs A101, A102, and E512 were specific for the ±-subunit but showed the highest affinity for the intact hormone; K2.18, K94.6, E501, E502, and E511 were specific for free a. All of the antibodies inhibited binding of 125I-hCG to luteal membrane receptor, and 125I-labeled mAbs did not recognize hCG/receptor com...


In preparing for their death, patients with terminal illnesses may express a need to explore and confirm their identity in terms of their familial, social, cultural and ethnic heritage. This paper examines the mechanisms which underlie the construction of individual and basic group identity, the latter of which is also referred to as ethnicity. The maintenance and evolution of identity over time and across different places is explored, and the use of music as a means to construct, express and sustain identity discussed. Finally, the role of music therapy, and specifically the use of music-facilitated life-review in addressing issues of ethnicity and identity in palliative care is explored through the case study of 'Gretel', an Australian woman of Russian descent who was diagnosed with a terminal illness.

This article is based on a paper written in partial fulfilment of the Masters of Music Degree in Ethnomusicology at Goldsmiths College, University of London, 1999.


EXCERPTS FROM AN EXPERT PANEL PRESENTATION AT THE 50TH ANNUAL SOPHE MEETING, NOVEMBER 6, 1999 The Healthy People 2010 objectives include, for the first time, objectives addressing the delivery of quality health education by health care providers and managed care organizations both in the health care setting and in the community (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [US DHHS], 2000). Patient education provided by health care organizations has been given an increasing priority by accrediting organizations such as the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO, 2000). Increasingly, organizational and clinical outcome measurements are being used to evaluate the effectiveness of patient education programs. An expert panel presentation on patient education was developed by the SOPHE Medical Care Special Interest Group and presented at the 50th Annual SOPHE Meeting on November 6, 1999. Following are excerpts from that panel presentation.


Background: The Qatar Whale Shark Research Project is a collaboration of government, industry and academia founded in 2010 to investigate anecdotal reports by Maersk Oil platform workers of large numbers of whale sharks seen in the Al Shaheen Oil field, Qatar. Methods: Photo-ID records have been collected from 2011 to present. Satellite-linked and acoustic tags have both been deployed, and biochemical 'biological tags' are being collected through tissue sampling. Plankton samples and environmental information are routinely being recorded. Fixed-station platform observations are being reported daily by gas industry workers to establish seasonality and sighting trends. Results: Aggregations of 100+ whale sharks have been regularly reported in offshore Qatari waters between May and September. Molecular barcoding of plankton samples has shown that the sharks are feeding specifically on tuna spawn from the species Euthynnus affinis. The tuna are thought to gather and spawn in the area due to both the u...


A 46-year-old healthy man was diagnosed with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease associated with positive anti-MDA-5 antibody. He was treated with mechanical ven-tilation and veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for severe hypoxia. Pulse methylprednisolone was administered, followed by prednisolone in combination with tacrolimus and cyclophosphamide. Due to an inade-quate response to these drugs, rituximab and tofacitinib were administered in sequence. However, massive hematemesis was observed on day 29. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy re-vealed mucosal swelling with intramucosal hematoma in the lower esophagus (Picture A, B). A histological examination of a biopsy specimen confirmed herpes esophagitis with hemorrhagic necrosis based on ballooning degeneration of cells (Picture C, arrow) and multinucleated giant cells (Pic-ture C, arrowhead). The degenerated cells were negative for cytomegalovirus (CMV) but positive for herpes simplex virus (HSV) on immunostaining. Unfortunately, due to the un-controlled gastrointestinal bleeding and worsening respira-tory failure caused by intractable interstitial lung disease, he died before the histological diagnosis could be confirmed. We this rare esophageal hemorrhaging at we were


Abundant populations of frondose epilithic macroalgae from a variety of carbonate-rich tropical waters were significantly depleted in phosphorus relative to carbon and nitrogen when compared to macroalgae from temperate siliciclastic waters. Percent carbon (C) and percent nitrogen (N) dry weight contents were similar between tissues from the siliciclastic and carbonate environments (means of 22.6% vs. 20.1% and 1.0% vs. 1.2%, respectively), but phosphorus (P) levels were two-fold lower (0.15% vs. 0.07%) in the carbonate-rich systems. Accordingly, the molar C:N tissue ratios were comparable between macroalgae from the siliciclastic and carbonate sites (mean of 29.2 vs. 23.1), whereas large differences were observed for the C:P (mean of 430 vs. 976) and N:P ratios (mean of 14.9 vs. 43.4). In addition, alkaline phosphatase activity was low and often undetectable in the macroalgae from siliciclastic habitats (mean of 7.3 μM PO43− released g dry wt−1 h−1) compared to seven-fold higher rates (52.5 μM PO43− released g dry wt−1 h−1) observed in the macroalgae from carbonate systems. Seawater samples taken adjacent to benthic macroalgae from the carbonate-rich tropical waters contained relatively high levels of dissolved inorganic nitrogen with low concentrations of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), and showed elevated N:SRP ratios (mean=36) compared to siliciclastic environments (mean <3). These data support the precept that availability of N limits the productivity of macroalgae in temperate siliciclastic waters but, conversely, suggest that availability of P, rather than N, may be of paramount importance in limiting primary production of macroalgae in carbonate-rich tropical waters.


Mantle is heterogeneous in terms of geophysical (e.g., bathymetry, geomagnetics, and gravity) and geological (e.g., petrology and geochemistry) aspects. Because heterogeneity is enhanced at slow spreading ridge, the ultra-slow spreading Southwest Indian ridge is suitable for understanding the heterogeneity. We conducted geophysical and geological investigations since 2007 at the segment along the central Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) between 35E and 40E, where the ridge segment is close to the Marion hotspot.


Many of the current applications of computer technology to education deal not so much with the quality of education as with its packaging and cost‐effectiveness. A great deal of money and effort is being devoted to assembling computer dialogues out of standard course material, designing automatic individualized examinations or modifying homework problems to make use of computational facilities. At the same time, the relative superficiality of these methods when contrasted with the extravagant claims of their proponents has led many sensitive and sensible educators to regard computer aided instruction as a new and dangerous canonization of the most shallow and least humanistic aspects of education. This is unfortunate because undergraduate education can indeed be greatly enriched through the use of computers. To bring this about, however, will require that workers in educational technology stop worrying so much about designing languages for authoring computer dialogues and tailoring operating systems accor...


DOI: 10.5935/1678-9741.20120053 RBCCV 44205-1390It is commonplace to say that the doctor should neverstop learning. We partly agree with it. There is no use inreading and rereading hundreds of scientific articles andtextbooks which are based on a model full of imperfections,misconceptions and pitfalls, which is the Evidence-BasedMedicine (EBM), without a critical sense of theseinformation. Previously believed to be a safe route to follow ,as we now have a road full of imperfections that can lead tounpredictable destinations, if used by someone who is notfully aware not only of conceptual errors and ethicaldilemmas to which it is always exposed, but mainly of themethodological and statistical artifacts of this model, nowalmost ubiquitous in medical papers.In 1998, we graduated from Medicine at the PontificalCatholic University of Parana, we would joyfully take part inany scientific discussion, especially if we knew a meta-analysisor randomized controlled trial that addressed the topic underdiscussion, which we would only reveal during the argument.This trick was quite effective. The highest levels of evidenceof the emerging EBM were rarely questioned. The years ofexperience came and along with it the writer Malcolm Gladwell[1], based on studies of the psychologist K. A. Ericsson [2],defined as a deliberate practice, which is essential for us tobecome unique in what we are accustomed to call theprofession. After ten years of operation associated withconsiderable reading on the subject, we could understand themajor flaws and imperfections that underpin the EBM as amodel for practice and for teaching physicians. And the inloco observation of constant failures of therapies consideredby EBM as the gold standard provided us with the necessaryobjective support for the hypothesis that these deficiencieshave obvious and direct consequences in the evolution ofour patients.EBM standardized number of rules, disseminated inbooks, textbooks and courses all around the world. But itseems that often forgets to follow them. Initially, the P,usually called the probability that was given the noble taskto of having to always be smaller or larger than 0.05, so thatthe arguments it brings may or may not have any scientificvalidity . Two conceptual errors allow us to unravel the so-called fallacy of P . Not even its dif fuser (the P concept wasdeveloped by the British Karl Pearson), the Englishstatistician R. A. Fisher emphatically ruled that we shouldhave this value for statistical significance [3]. It is worsethan that, the value of P, however small, does not refer tothe null hypothesis (H0), but the data [4]. For example:imagine that, independently on the statistical test we use,correct or not, we get a P of 0.001. Conclusion (right): onceH0 is zero, the probability of our data has occurred is 1 to1000. In other words, H0 is always false. And no matterhow small the P is, Fisher never predicted the existence ofalternative hypothesis (H1). At first sight, it appears onlyconceptual preciosity, because it only adds to theunreliability of the P proposed by Fish: in some situations,according to pre-test probability , even when it has the valueof 0.05, the chance to confirm an error (nonexistent) H1 canreach 50% [5]. Tossing a coin and trust its result seemsmore sensible to be equally "accurate" and indeed moreeconomical. This is so confusing that made the famousintellectual Jacob Cohen wonder why it would be relevantto test it if H0 is always zero. [6] We return to Hume'sproblem of induction, which could not even be solved byPopper [7].


Paropsis charybdis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), an Australian pest of Eucalyptus in New Zealand, is subject to biological control by Enoggera nassaui (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a solitary egg parasitoid sourced from Western Australia (= Perth Strain) in 1987. Erratic control in inland regions of New Zealand led to the introduction and release in 2000 of two Tasmanian E. nassaui strains to attempt expansion of the climatic range of biocontrol. Samples recovered a year later were analysed using partial sequences of the Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial gene to test for establishment. This method detected a haplotype corresponding with a Tasmanian (Florentine Valley) strain. However, as sequences could not be obtained from original Perth strain stocks, some doubt remains as to the genetic source of the other current E. nassaui populations in New Zealand. COI proved adept at distinguishing between different parasitoid populations and shows promise for similar studies.


am left with an 'is that all there is?' feeling. Perhaps it is genre anxiety at work, the echo of New Age self-help in the last two sentences: 'The challenge of this postfeminist and postpunk era is to be the hero of your own life to be brave enough, or desperate enough, to become all you wanted in an icon. The solution may lie, in part, in meeting pop culture on its own terms through contradiction and creativity,' Whatever it is, it won't stop me using this book for teaching whenever possible. Maureen Burns, Australian Key Centre for Cultural and Media Policy, Griffith University


Abstract : The optimum collector resistivity, the optimum collector thickness, the optimum electrical basewidth, and the proper emitter placement were determined. Investigations leading to these determinations are described. Work has continued toward devising a method to stop automatically the delineation etching process after the collector junction was delineated. Some progress was made in this area, and work is continuing. Two new process steps were introduced and descriptions of these are also given. The status of the program, life test results to date, and current failure rates are also presented.


The purpose of this study is to predict the initial price of new public offering stocks on the listing date for short-term excess returns of public offering stocks due to the IPO underpricing factor. This study seeks to extract the characteristic factors related to the determinants of the public offering price and derive the factors that affect the public offering price. Specifically, for IPOs to be listed on the KOSDAQ market, the public offering price decision influencing factors are derived and artificial intelligence techniques (neural networks, decision trees) are used to build a public offering price prediction model. Research variables related to the public offering price prediction model include sales, net profit, largest shareholder's share, capital stock, number of listed stocks, sales ratio of old stocks, lead company size, institutional subscription competition rate, general subscription competition rate, mandatory holding commitment rate, distribution Available volume, public offering amount, public offering price, public offering price discount rate, etc. As a result of the study, the main variables to be considered for the prediction of the public offering price were the general subscription competition rate and the public offering price. Variables included in the ranking of importance, such as capital stock, net income, commitment ratio of obligatory holdings, and the largest shareholder's equity ratio, were also extracted as factors to be considered.


Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe trauma to the central nervous system (CNS) and cause high disability and high mortality. Thus, SCI has been a disease threatening the human health and increases the social and family burden. The recovery of the neuron functions after SCI is very difficult, and thus to avoid the secondary neurological injury has been an important focus in the treatment of SCI patients. Several studies have shown that hyperbaric oxygen pre-conditioning (HBO-PC) can attenuate the secondary injury after SCI, protect the residual axons and neurons, and promote the regeneration of neurons and the recovery of neurofunctions, which are ascribed to the reduction of neuronal apoptosis at the spinal cord following ischemia/hypoxia . The apoptosis of neurons in the spinal cord is associated with several signaling pathways in which mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis plays an important role. On the basis of available findings on SCI, this study was undertaken to investigate the effect of HBO-PC on the motor function of SCI rats with BBB score. In addition, following HBO-PC, factors related to the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis were detected in the spinal cord (such as cytochrome c [CYC], Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer [Bak], B cell lymphoma / lewkmia-2 associated protein x [Bax], Bcl-2-like 1 [Bcl-x], B cell lymphoma / lewkmia-2 Acta Medica Mediterranea, 2015, 31: 573


The dynamics of speed ratio control system of a metal V-belt CVT depends upon the clamp force characteristics at a concerned speed ratio. The system is getting unstable in the region of maximum reduction ratio at no load where the speed ratio changes easily by a small change in clamp force ratio. This paper clarifies this phenomenon by making analyses on the steady state relation between the clamp force ratio and speed ratio on the basis of a friction drive theory, and on the linearized motion control. The parameter defined by the change in the clamp force ratio per unit change in the speed ratio varies the damping ratio of the system. Especially in the reduction ratio range the damping ratio becomes small, which explains the instability observed in the experiments.


Hirschsprung disease ( HD ) is a disorder resulted by the absence of a ganglion cells in the intestinal wall,that cause an obstruction functional and dilatation of the intestines proximally. The description in enforcing of the diagnosis often define as a disorder of the normal patient especially often of a child who cant talk yet. This research aims to tird the frequency of the description of Hirscprung disease, patients based on age, sex, clinical examination, radiology, and complications. Descriptive research uses cross sectional study design. The location of research at medical record section dr.Pirngadi hospitals Medan. by using total sampling medical record from 40 people. based on the research obtained 0 day -1 month (26). Male of the 24 Clinical is distention abdomen 21 people supporting examination used barium enema 36 people and 19 subject without complications. This research may used as an additional reference in enforcement cases Hirschprung Keyword : Hirschprung, age, sex, clinical examination, radiology, complication Universitas Sumatera Utara


(1) ∂̄b = ∂x + i(∂y − φ(x)∂t) where φ ∈ C∞(R) is real-valued. Such CR structures may be realized as the boundaries of tube domains {z : Im z2 > φ(Re z1)} in C. The Levi form may be identified with the function φ′′(x). We always assume that φ is convex, so that the structure is pseudoconvex. By ∂̄∗ b we mean the adjoint of ∂̄b with respect to L (R, dx dy dt); thus ∂̄∗ b = −∂x + i(∂y − φ(x)∂t). The purpose of this note is to characterize hypoellipticity of the Kohn Laplacian ∂̄b ∂̄ ∗ b for this class of CR structures. Main Theorem. For any C∞ pseudoconvex tubular three-dimensional CR structure, the following four conditions are equivalent in any open set. (α) ∂̄b is C ∞ hypoelliptic, modulo its nullspace. (β) The CR structure is not exponentially degenerate. (γ) The pair {∂̄b , ∂̄∗ b} satisfies a superlogarithmic estimate. (δ) There exists s > 0 such that ∂̄b is H s hypoelliptic, modulo its nullspace. The main new result here is the implication [exponential degeneracy] ⇒ [nonhypoellipticity]. The implication [not exponentially degenerate] ⇒ [hypoelliptic] is a sharpening of the known sufficient condition x log φ′′(x) → 0 as |x| → 0. This work is part of a broader investigation of related problems, concerning both hypoellipticity and global regularity in C∞, C, and Gevrey classes. See [3] and [15] for speculation on some of these matters in a wider context. The essential novelty in this paper is a characterization for a natural, though restricted, class of structures, as opposed to isolated examples; tube domains have long served as prototypical examples. The author had not anticipated obtaining such a characterization, because the behavior of smooth functions vanishing to infinite order can be so wild. For arbitrary smooth, pseudoconvex three-dimensional CR structures, a superlogarithmic estimate for {∂̄b , ∂̄∗ b} implies hypoellipticity [4], but the the converse is false in general [5]. The notions appearing in this characterization are defined as follows.


Multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) technique maintains the original signaling interval while it spreads the signal over wide bandwidth like direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) technique. Low amount of delay spread reduces the guard interval in MC-CDMA and make it power efficient. MC-CDMA is sensitive to frequency offset and small Doppler spread is preferred which enable MC-CDMA scheme to work efficiently. MC-CDMA analyzes nearly all the scattered powers effectively using cyclic prefix insertion technique. Fequency domain equalizers are used for MC-CDMA which performs better than rake receivers used for DS-CDMA. This paper describes the functional requirements to implement MC-CDMA scheme and interleaved division multiple access (IDMA) in which the interleavers employ chip-level interleavers to distinguish different users. Multiple access interference (MAI) comprises of intracell interference and intercell interference. It causes a severe degradation in performance, and may render the system useless for even moderate user loads with equal power received from each user. IDMA is particularly useful for the uplink of next-generation wireless communication networks as well as for an evolution of existing DSSS-CDMA systems. The extension of IDMA to MIMO systems can be easily implemented because the superposition of the different layers at the transmitter side and their separation at the receiver side is possible.


Time-resolved (TR) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a promising technique for neuromonitoring, but there are currently very few TR-NIRS devices with the spectral range and resolution needed for accurate monitoring of cerebral blood oxygenation (StO2) and metabolism (cytochrome-c-oxidase; oxCCO). Here we present a hyperspectral TR compressive sensing spectrometer with a wide spectral range, high spectral resolution, and no after pulsing. A homogeneous blood-yeast phantom experiment was performed to evaluate the spectrometer's ability to monitor StO2 and oxCCO with and without compression. The effect of using a 90% compression rate on the recovered changes in deoxyhemoglobin (Hb), oxyhemoglobin (HbO), and oxCCO concentrations was investigated. No meaningful differences were found between concentration changes recovered from uncompressed and compressed data, with mean differences of 0.16 ± 0.20 µM, -0.25 ± 0.21 µM, and -0.04 ± 0.10 µM for Hb, HbO, and oxCCO, respectively. The results show that changes in oxCCO and StO2 can be reliably monitored with a high compression rate. Future work will compare the performance of the TR spectrometer with that of a continuous-wave spectrometer to assess accuracy and will investigate the sensitivity of the device to oxCCO and StO2 changes in the bottom compartment of a 2-layer tissue-mimicking phantom.


The Wiener index is the sum of distances between all pairs of vertices in a connected graph. In this paper, explicit expressions for the expected value of the Wiener index of three types of random pentagonal chains (cf. Figure 1) are obtained.


The objective of this paper is to empirically estimate the confidence intervals and compare some important statistics with regard to the mean of normal population by considering variance as 'nuisance parameter', in the sense of Khan (1969). The paper uses the method of constructing a sequential procedure for obtaining fixed-width confidence intervals of prescribed coverage probability, as developed in Prasad and Sarma (2009). For this, the bootstrapping technique introduced by Efron and Tibshirani (1993), which is the latest simulation technique for estimating confidence intervals of parameters of a population, is used. Numerical results are obtained using the program developed in C by varying different statistics involved. By taking initial sample size as n0 = 10, results are obtained for the following statistics: (1) Confidence intervals for the mean; (2) Average sample number; (3) Standard error of N; and (4) Coverage probabilities using bootstrap method, which are then compared to that of the standard Monte Carlo method.


Lightweight cryptographic algorithms play an important role in data security of applications in Internet-Of-Things(IOT). To provide a cipher suitable for the IOT devices, we investigate the performance of QARMA block cipher. In this paper, we proposed a part-iterative architecture for QARMA which integrates encryption and decryption operations. We implemented it on ASIC in CMOS 55 nm technology, where a max frequency of 666.67MHz is obtained. The results show that our design has achieved 54% area reduced and simultaneously 25 times max frequency increased, and the throughput increases by 1.56 times compared with the fully unrolled implementation.


T4003 and Q450NQR1,as well as Nirosta 4003 and Q450NQR1 dissimilar metal joints were welded by ER-309 welding wire.The microstructure of their base metal and joint were analyzed by metallographic approach.The corrosion resistance of base metal and joints was evaluated by salt fog and electrochemical corrosion tests.The results demonstrated that as far as the similar metal joints of Nirosta 4003 and T4003 was concerned,the corrosion resistance of welding line was much better than that of base metal.However, the corrosion resistance of heat affected zone(HAZ) became worse.In the case of dissimilar metal joints of Nirosta 4003 and Q450NQR1,as well as T4003 and Q450NQR1,the corrosion resistance of welding line was reduced.Under salt spray condition,the corrosion resistance of welding line and base metal of similar metal joints was comparative.However,the dissimilar metal joints of Nirosta 4003 and Q450NQR1,as well as T4003 and Q450NQR1 exhibited obvious corrosion.Especially,abundant corrosion pits were found near the side of Q450NQR1.Due to the different corrosion voltages of stainless steel,weathering steel,HAZ,and welding line,a series of micro-batteries were formed in the dissimilar metal joints,which worsened the corrosion of weathering steel.


"Digitalization of product development process by 3D CAD application" has achieved in complex product industry such as automotive or airplane. But in another industries, designers depend on 2D design work, because of the big man-powers for 3D design. I will clarify the three keys to achieve 3D design in this paper.


The differentiated state of somatic cells is remarkably stable, but nucleartransfer can efficiently override the stability of cell differentiation bynuclear reprogramming. Genes that were silent in the differentiated stateare activated, whereas genes specific for the differentiated state areswitched off during the reprogramming process. The epigenetic changesthat occur after nuclear transfer to Xenopus oocytes involve chromatinremodelling and DNA demethylation. In particular, we have reported thatreactivation of the mouse stem cell specific gene oct-4 depends ondemethylation of CpG:s in the proximal oct-4 promoter. Here we discussmolecular mechanisms of nuclear reprogramming, with special emphasison DNA demethylation.


Objective. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of forward and backward chaining techniques on dressing skills in school-aged children with moderate mental retardation (MR). Method. Six children between the ages of 6 and 10 with a primary diagnosis of moderate MR were randomly assigned to either a forward or a backward chaining group. A single-subject ABA design was used to examine the effects of each intervention technique. Dressing skills were assessed pre- and postintervention using the Self-Care section of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disabilities Inventory (PEDI). Results. The findings showed a significant improvement in the skill of dressing for all participants in both the forward and backward chaining intervention groups. Conclusion. The results suggest that both forward and backward chaining methods can be effectively used to teach children with moderate MR dressing skills. The use of one-on-one interaction, physical and verbal prompts, as well as positive reinforcements may have facilitated the success of these interventions.


This final project report was written based on the job training done by the writer in SD N 3 Babadan Sambi Boyolali. The objectives were to describe the methods used in teaching English to the fifth grade students and to explain the difficulties encountered by the writer in applying those methods. During the job training, the writer taught English to the fifth grade students by using some methods, they were grammar translation method, direct method, and communicative approach. The writer used grammar translation method to teach reading and writing skills because by using this method, the students will be easy to understand the material because they were taught by using bilingual language and they were allowed to speak in their mother tongue. The direct method was used to teach vocabulary and to teach listening and speaking to the students. This method was useful because it helps students to habituate their tongue in spelling English words. The communicative approach was used to improve student's capability in English conversation. In applying those methods, the writer found some difficulties. When applying grammar translation method, the writer found it difficult to teach grammar to the students because the students of this class were still hard to understand the grammar rules. To solve the problem, the writer gave more examples and exercises to the students. In applying direct method, the writer found difficulties because the writer's pronunciation was still not good enough. So, the writer tried hard to pronounce the words clearly, and sometimes the writer used pictures to help the students understand the vocabularies. In applying communicative approach, the writer found it difficult to improve student's confidence when they were asked to practice the dialogues in front of the class. So, the writer tried to give some gifts to the students who dare themselves to practice the dialogues.


A bloom of Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum was registered in Acapulco Bay (Guerrero, Mexico) from July 7 th to August 4 th 2010. This bloom started in the state of Oaxaca (towards the East). The HAB didnt cause water discoloration, possibly because the highest densities were from 3 to 5 m below the surface. Heavy rains were present before the event. The longest chains had 16 cells, with a mean of 8 cells; occasionally bigger and less compressed single cells were found. Among the dinoflagellates, Pyrodinium was dominant (88%), although few Prorocentrum (P. gracile, P. triestinum ) and also some naked dinoflagellates ( Karenia sp., Gymnodinium catenatum and Gyrodinium fusus ) were found. The highest Pyrodinium cell densities (1.4. 10 6 cell l -1 ) were from outside the Bay; inside the Bay the cell densities were 7.7. 10 5 cell l -1 at 3 m depth and 5.2. 10 5 cell l -1 at 5 m. Small diatoms were present; Pseudo-nitzchia spp. were important reaching densities of 14.0 10 3 cell l -1 . Saxitoxin concentration reached values of 2092 µg STX eq. 100 g -1 in violet oyster ( Chama mexicana ) near Puerto


In order to be able to carry out regional autonomy, a regional government should be financially independent. By being financially dependent, it is hoped that the regional government will be able to give public services optimally and to sustain development. This research aims at examining the effect of tax revenues, retribution revenues, and revenues which are generated by the separately managed government's property and other legal revenues on the regional financial autonomy. Based on the available data, the contribution of Local Government Revenue (PAD) to Total Local Government Revenue (TPAD) during five year's period (2009-2013) indicated that Denpasar Regency was ranked number 2, which than raised a number of question such as to what extend the region is capable of financing its expenditure, how the fiscal has been decentralized and what are the prospects of the Denpasar Regional Genuine Income in the year of 2014-2016. The standard ratio measurement for the contribution PAD sources to Total PAD, further on, the trend analysis is applied to indicate the prediction the prospect by period of 2014-2016; the level Degree of the Fiscal Decentralization (DDF) is analyzed based on the ratio of PAD to TPD. The analysis has shown that although PAD during period of research from 2009-2013 maked a steady increase, the ability of the lokal to finance its expenditure was very low. This well reflected from DDF at an average of 34,33 persen, where as the PAD trend income during 2014-2016 calculated from the sources of PAD income has always shown an increasing trend in region tax, regional retribution, revenue of state owned enterprises, regional wealth management as from other legitimate sources of PAD.


The recent development in understanding the structures, relative stability, and electronic properties of large fullerenes is reviewed. We describe an efficient scheme to generate the ground-state networks for fullerene clusters. Combining this scheme with quantum-mechanical total-energy calculations, the ground-state structures of fullerenes ranging from C20 to C100 have been studied. Fullerenes of sizes 60, 70, and 84 are found to be energetically more stable than their neighbors. In addition to the energies, the fragmentation stability and the chemical reactivity of the clusters are shown to be important in determining the abundance of fullerene isomers.


These three volumes are now so well known to teachers and to the public in general that there is little need for us to add to the paean of praise to which the compilers are entitled for the success of their labours and which they appear to have received from the Press. Iu the first of the books named above we looked with pardonable pride for the Mathematical Association among the Educational Associations. We found en passant the Polyglot Club, the Navy League, the League of Empire and the London Mathematical Society, each of which is in a more or less restricted sense "educational." But we could not find the Mathematical Association. The Gazette, on the other hand, receives full recognition. We have tested all the volumes in many ways, and with the single exception to which we have alluded, they have been equal to the tests. W. J. 6 .


Discusses the new position of Library manager in the Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre (AUSTRAC). Also looks at the steps taken to establish the library and provide the level of service required by the staff of the centre.


This memo defines a Relay Agent Echo Request option for the Dynamic
Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6). The option allows a
DHCPv6 relay agent to request a list of relay agent options that the
server echoes back to the relay agent. [STANDARDS-TRACK]


The laser diffraction on the inclined narrow slit with the final thickness edges is investigated experimentally and theoretically. One should notice that Fresnel's diffraction integral is not correct for this case and it is necessary to take into account the repeated reflections of the laser radiation.


This study aims to determine the implementation of decision-making based on cross-channel communication model, to know the implementation of decision-making based on cross-channel communication model, and to know the changes that occur when applied model of cross-channel communication in decision-making process at Integrated Islamic Elementary School Cordova Samarinda. The method used in this research is case study research with qualitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the principal has a very good ability in communication, both with the superiors, sub-ordinates and surrounding communities and parents of students. In addition, the decision made by the principal is very good by looking at the conditions that occur in the field and remain guided by the vision, mission, and goals to be achieved by the school. Meanwhile, the implementation of cross-channel communication based decision-making is applied very well and undergoes significant changes in accordance with the goal orientation to be achieved by the school.


By definition, travel narratives invoke an experience of moving between cultural worlds. Only a fraction of travel books in English, however, emphasise the language borders that are crossed in much international travel, and deal in a sustained way with the question of how language impinges on the self. This question is central to a range of memoirs by migrants into English: texts such as Lost in Translation: A life in a new language (1989) by the Polish-born Canadian Eva Hoffman, Polite Lies: On being a woman caught between cultures (1997) by Japanese-born American Kyoko Mori, or Chilean exile to the United States Ariel Dorfman's Heading South, Looking North: A bilingual journey (1998).1 Migrants into anglophone cultures are increasingly drawing our attention to what is involved in migrating into a new language, but this isn't the case for people travelling in the opposite direction. The issue of language is also absent from major critical studies of travel writing, such as those by Dennis Porter (1991), Caren Kaplan (1996), Inderpal Grewal (1996), Patrick Holland and Graham Huggan (1998), and is only touched on in Mary Louise Pratt's influential study Imperial Eyes (1992).2 Unlike 'landscape', 'language' isn't featured in any of the indexes of these otherwise wide-ranging books.


In a series of articles we describe a novel class of geometrical models of relativistic stars. Our approach to the static spherically symmetric solutions of Einstein equations is based on a careful physical analysis of radial gauge conditions.
It turns out that there exist heavy black dwarfs: relativistic stars with arbitrary large mass, which are to have arbitrary small radius and arbitrary small luminosity. In the present article we mathematically prove this new phenomena, using a detailed consideration of incompressible GR stars. We study the whole two parameter family of solutions of extended TOV equations for incompressible stars. This example is used to illustrate most of the basic features of the new geometrical models of relativistic stars. Comparison with newest observational data is discussed


Tube well dewatering is widely applied in deep foundation pit for its large water discharge, good dewatering effect, simple equipment and easy maintenance. In this paper, rube well dewatering is designed for the temporary project of foundation pit according to the engineering characteristics and stratum and underground water distribution with the deep foundation pit engineering as the background. The required parameters and design process of well tube dewatering are illustrated, and experience of applying tube well dewatering in evacuation of deep foundation pit is accumulated, which will be of certain referential significance for similar projects.


The Dennis-Misunas Form 1 Data Flow Machine can best be described as a static and scalar machine. Despite these two limiting characteristics, it is still possible to translate the whole of the functional programming language VAL into the base language of this machine. Methods for translating the various high level constructs of VAL are presented which exploit the parallelism inherent in programs written in VAL mainly by pipelining through a single expression (vertical parallelism) rather than employing many copies of that same expression (horizontal parallelism), although the latter is not ruled out. These methods are tested by translating two different versions of a vector dot product algorithm, and the results obtained from running these translations on an interpreter are analyzed.


K.K. Kaye. Changing trends in Urology practice: increasing outpatient surgery. ANZ J. Surg. 1995; 65: 31–34. This study was performed to assess the changes occurring in the field of Urology with developments in outpatient surgery during a 5-year period. Using ICD-9-CM code, data for all urology procedures performed in the main operating rooms, day surgery and laser centre operating rooms of a large, general hospital were collected for the years 1987–1992. A substitution index (SI) was determined as the ratio of the number of outpatients to the total number of procedures and expressed as a percentage. Changes in the SI reflects the degree to which emphasis has shifted from conventional inpatient to outpatient surgery. It was found that 26% of Urology procedures were being performed as outpatients in 1987, and this increased to 42% by 1992. When broken down according to organ, the greatest increase in SI from 1987 to 1992 was for the kidney (57%) and the least, the penis (2%), with ureter, urethra, testes and scrotum all revealing intermediate, but significant, increases (27%, 28% and 24%, respectively). This paper thus demonstrates that, as in other fields, Urology has experienced a marked increase in outpatient surgery. With developments in surgical and anaesthetic techniques, financial pressures, changing physician and patient attitudes and technological advances, further increases in urology outpatient care can be expected. I. O'Rourke, N. Tait, C. Bull, V. Gebski, M. Holland, D.C. Johnson. Oesophageal cancer: outcome of modern surgical management. ANZ J. Surg. 1995; 65: 11–16. Many clinicians still associate oesophagectomy for oesophageal carcinoma with low cure rates, poor palliation and prohibitive peri-operative mortality. Surgical advances have rendered such perceptions inaccurate. A prospective study of all patients undergoing surgery for oesophageal cancer in an Australian teaching hospital between 1979 and 1993 has been undertaken. Selection, staging, pre-operative preparation, surgical technique and postoperative care were all carefully controlled. One hundred and thirty-seven patients were explored. Twenty-one were inoperable. One hundred and sixteen underwent resection with intent to cure. Hospital mortality for oesophagectomy was 1.7%. There were no cases of clinical anastomotic leakage. Eighty-nine per cent achieved excellent to good swallowing. The median survival for all cases was 14 months and the 5-year survival was 18%. Median survival for resected cases was 18 months and the 5-year survival was 26%. The long-term survival was related to postoperative stage of the disease but not to tumour type. Oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer will restore good swallowing in 90% of cases. Operative mortality should be <5% and the overall 5 year survival 20–30%. Early tumours can often be cured (ca in situ 100%, stages I and II 50–60%), indicating the benefits of early detection. Poor survival in advanced disease (stage III 15%, stage IV 0%) on a background of low surgical mortality indicate the need for better staging and more effective adjuvant therapies.


This research examines about register terms of online shop from the conversation between the seller and the customers in Instagram. The researcher chooses online shop which can be classified as register terms. The objectives of the study are: 1) to identify the type of online shop register used by netizens in online shop at Instagram; and 2) to describe the meaning of register word used by netizens in online shop at Instagram. In doing this research, the researcher uses descriptive qualitative type. The writer founds two types of register. The first type is Informal register, second is formal register. Researcher founds 28 words that classified to informal register. While for formal register, researcher founds 7 words. The meaning of register used by netizens in online shop is related to the context of situation. The field is conversation between online shop owner and customer. The relationship of the seller and customer in the conversation is close relationship, and they make personal conversation. The mode is instagram feed for the IG promotion text and Direct Message (DM). The tenor of the situational context are they have (almost) equal power.


The concept of LOC has been widely used in health related research. Internal LOC was found to have a mediating effect on interventions geared to health promotion, risk reduction, and improve attitude towards a chronic or acute health condition (Bachrach, Huesmann & Peterson, 1977; Cross, March, Lapsley, Byrne, & Brooks, 2006; Haslam & Lawrence, 2004; Seeman & Evans, 1962). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify any existing relationship between health LOC and attitudes towards patients with AIDS. The first cases of AIDS were reported in the U.S. in 1981 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2006), and since then there have been more than 1.5 million diagnoses that resulted in 500,000 fatalities in the U.S. Racial and ethnic minorities, especially African Americans and Hispanics, represent about 71% of newly diagnosed AIDS cases. Youth within the age range of 13-24 years, especially those from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds, continue to be a high risk population for HIV and AIDS. In 2004, half of all newly diagnosed cases involved people aged 25 years or less (i.e., high school and college age). African Americans account for 55% of all infections in persons aged 13-24 years (CDC, 2008). According to Kaufman et al. (2007), about 33% American Indians and Alaska Natives diagnosed with AIDS are females (mostly young girls) second only to African Americans at 35%. Young men who have sex with men are at high risk for HIV infection (CDC, 2008). Over the past two decades, AIDS fatalities have dramatically decreased. Patients are living longer and increasingly turning to health care and rehabilitation professionals for social, emotional, physical, economic, and employment support. Therefore, it is imperative that both practicing and aspiring human services and health care professionals be prepared to address the individualized needs to this population in an unbiased manner (Lacock, 2009). However since the start of the AIDS epidemic, patients have been targets of more negative stigma, discrimination, and violence than persons with any other health condition (Deacon & Boulle, 2007). In addition to consequences of the infection, AIDS is often characterized by interrelated social factors that hinder attainment of appropriate quality of life for survivors. The effects of stress, lowered self-esteem and self-efficacy, estrangement from family and friends, and ideation of death further complicate everyday life and generate varying amounts of social stigma against this population (Kaplan, Johnson, Bailey, & Simon, 1987). Worldwide, AIDS stigma manifests itself in the form of ostracism, rejection, discrimination and avoidance of HIV infected people, compulsory HIV testing without prior consent or protection of confidentiality, violence against HIV infected individuals or people who are perceived to be infected with HIV, and the quarantine of HIV infected individuals (UNAIDS, 2006). Inaccurate medical information, external locus on control (i.e., a perception of luck, chance, and others having control over one's health), lack of prior exposure to persons with AIDS, low levels of AIDS related knowledge and self-efficacy, increased status differential between a patient and a service provider, exaggerated perception of risk at home and work, fear of contagion, cultural acceptability of stigma against a high-risk group, and stage of the epidemic continue to be good predictors of negative attitude and stigma towards persons with AIDS (Deacon & Boulle, 2007; Ficarrotto, Grade, Burtnof, Koenig, Bliwise, & Iris, 1989). Most college students and young adults are knowledgeable about HIV/AIDS, but the incidence of unprotected sexual activity and related diseases continue to be quite high among this population, especially men. Such actions may be attributed to substance use and misuse of new found independence in postsecondary settings (Weinhardt et al, 2004). …


In the analysis and design of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills, there are many uncertainties associated with the properties of MSW during and after MSW placement. For the analysis of time dependent settlement response of MSW, a composite compressibility model that accounts for instantaneous compression under the applied load, time dependent mechanical creep and biological decomposition is used. The objective of the present study is to demonstrate the influence of variability in model input parameters on the prediction of MSW settlement and to study the implication of different processes on settlement with an aim to assess landfill capacities and develop landfill closure plans. For this purpose regression equations based on response surface method (RSM) are developed to represent the complex behaviour of MSW. Probabilistic settlement analysis of MSW with due consideration to spatial and temporal variation of geotechnical properties is also performed. The published data on geotechnical properties of MSW are used to define the spatial variation of such parameters. The results of MSW settlements using reliability analysis framework are compared and discussed.


The issue of tracheotomy tubes and swallowing has been a topic of ongoing interest and concern for clinicians who work with this patient population. The following article will review evidence regarding the effects of tracheotomy tubes on swallowing as well as information to guide clinicians who perform swallowing evaluations with patients with tracheotomy tubes.


In many studies that involve time series variables limited or censored data are naturally collected. Practitioners commonly disregard censored data cases or replace these observations with some function of the limit of detection, which often results in biased estimates. In this article we propose an analytically tractable and efficient stochastic approximation of the EM (SAEM) algorithm to obtain the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of censored regression models with autoregressive errors of order, say, p. This approach permits easy and fast estimation of the parameters of autoregressive models when censoring is present and as a byproduct, enables predictions of unobservable values of the response variable. We use simulations to investigate the asymptotic properties of the SAEM estimates and prediction accuracy. Finally the method is illustrated using two time series data sets, where the measurements are subject to the detection limit of the recording devices. The proposed algorithm and methods are implemented in the new R package "ARCensReg." The Canadian Journal of Statistics 45: 375–392; 2017 © 2017 Statistical Society of Canada


All available photometric and spectroscopic observations were
collected and used as the basis of a detailed analysis of the
close binary IM Mon. The orbital period of the binary was
refined to 1.19024249(14) d. IM Mon is classified to be a
detached binary system in contrast to the contact configuration
estimations in the literature. The absolute parameters of IM
Mon were derived by the simultaneous solutions of light and
radial velocity curves. ZAMS stars for the primary and
secondary components respectively. The modelling of the high
resolution spectra revealed the rotational velocities of the
component stars. The photometric distance of 353(59) pc was
found more precise and reliable than Hipparcos distance of
341(85) pc. The evolutionary age of 11.5(1.5) Myr was obtained
for IM Mon. Kinematical and dynamical analysis support the
membership of the young thin-disk population system IM Mon to
the Ori OB1a association dynamically. Using the membership of
IM Mon to Ori OB1a, we reached to the distance, age and
metallicity information of Ori OB1a sub-group.


A study of the Atterberg Limits of different clays has shown that the ratio of Liquid limit to Plastic limit defines the type of clay present in a soil. This ratio R (or plasticity ratio) is shown to be related exponentially to Skempton's Activity. The clay fraction within a given soil can now be estimated without any hydrometer analysis. van der Merwe's zones of swell potential have been mathematically defined and a chart giving the swell potential of a soil from the value of R and P425 fraction is presented. 1. THE VALUE OF THE ATTERBERG LIMITS What is not often appreciated is the value of the Plasticity Index and the Liquid and Plastic Limits as a means of estimating the type of clay present in a soil. In 1951 a table published by Cornell University gave inter alia the following data as shown in table 1 below: Table 1: Atterberg Limits of Clay Minerals Clay Mineral Exchangeable ions Liquid Limit Plastic Limit Plasticity Index Shrinkage Limit Montmorillonite Na K Ca Mg Fe 710 660 510 410 290 54 98 81 60 75 650 562 429 350 215 9.9 9.3 10.5 14.7 10.3 Illite Na K Ca Mg Fe 120 120 100 95 110 53 60 45 46 49 67 60 55 55 49 15.4 17.5 16.8 14.7 15.3 Kaolinite Na K Ca Mg Fe 53 49 38 54 59 32 29 27 31 37 21 20 11 23 22 26.8 24.5 28.7 29.2 A study of these figures led the writer to conclude that the ratios: LL/PI and PI/PL were quite significant: See table 2 below:


The aim of study intends to investigate physical response of human body wearing Self Contained Breathing Apparatus and to provide the base data for the safety of firefighter. The results of the study are as follows. when wearing SCBA, the mean skin temperature (7 %), heart rate (28 %), rate of perceived exertion (65.4 %), metabolic equivalents (70.7 %) were significantly higher (p


In recent years, weak economic conditions have highlighted the importance of assessing the creditworthiness of economic agents as a way of protecting creditors and the borrowers of unsuccessful transactions.
The purpose of this paper is to present the concept of risk and more specifically to approach the concept of credit risk. The main valuation models credit business capacity developed for this purpose, will be presented.
This paper will also carry out a study of credit rating in a sample of Greek listed companies , according to one of the oldest and most popular on models used for predicting bankruptcy of an enterprise model Altman Z-Score.


We study the existence of proper holomorphic embeddings of bordered Riemann surfaces into the complex plane C^2. Denote by M(R) the moduli space consisting of all equivalence classes of complex structures J on a given smooth oriented bordered surface R. We introduce a class F(R) in M(R)with the following properties: (1) F(R) is nonempty and open (in a natural topology on M(R)); (2) The interior of any Riemann surface (R,J) in the class F(R) admits a proper holomorphic embedding in C^2; (3) If R is a finitely connected planar domain then F(R)=M(R); (4) Each hyperelliptic bordered Riemann surface (R,J) belongs to the class F(R) and hence admits a proper holomorphic embedding in C^2. Part (3) above is equivalent to the theorem of Globevnik and Stensones (Holomorphic embeddings of planar domains into C^2, Math. Ann. 303, 579-597, 1995). Our approach builds upon the earlier work of Cerne and Globevnik (On holomorphic embedding of planar domains into C^2, J. d'Analyse Math. 8, 269-282, 2000).


The paper based on the test of swimming time and some body抯 index such as oxygen pressure, carbon dioxide pressure, pH value of mouse who have drink Chinese medicine ginseng syrup. The results show that the ginseng syrup can delay fatigue, maintain and improve the steady of the environment inside mouse body. The results also show it can increase the sports ability of the mouse.


An electrical field applied across electrodes immersed in certain solutions renders the latter birefringent (Kerr effect). If the field is in the form of a rectangular pulse the rise and decay of the birefringence will lag behind that of the field. Measurement of the decay enables relaxation times to be determined. These depend on molecular size and shape. The action of an enzyme in breaking up molecules with consequent change in relaxation time may be conveniently followed by observing this effect. A brief description of the apparatus and underlying theory of the method is given and some results of a study of the action of deoxyribonuclease on calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid in the presence of magnesium ions are presented. Two relaxation times were found. The number of magnesium ions present affected both the magnitude of the birefringence and the relaxation times but the enzyme affected only the latter. Increase in ionic strength caused a linear decrease of birefringence and a rapid decrease in relaxation times. No change in the relaxation times with time of enzyme action was seen initially but then a decrease was observed. The results reported agree qualitatively with results obtained by other workers using viscosity and light scattering observations.


The Pechora River valley lies to the west of the Ural Mountains in the Komi Republic in northern Russia. The Komi people of this region have increasingly been contesting the way that oil extraction takes place in the north of the republic, namely in Izhma and Usinsk districts. Lacking legal protection of their rights as indigenous people from the Russian government, one of their concerns includes the lack of involvement in decision-making about oil projects that affect them. This chapter illustrates the experiences of northern Komi communities regarding consultation and engagement prior to industrial activities carried out close to the communities and the areas that they depend on for their livelihoods. The Russian oil company Lukoil-Komi has been at the heart of the issues we discuss, and it is the only oil company currently operating in Izhma district, although several other companies operate in neighbouring Usinsk district. We use a relational justice approach as the analytical lens to place emphasis on the "relations" and "processes" of community engagement and consultation.


China's new generation of migrant workers,a youth group arisen from China's specific conditions,is a significant force influencing China's economic,political,cultural and social development.Since providing these workers with sufficient ideological and political education is crucial for their own all-round development,the socialist modernization of our country and the construction of a harmonious society,we should fully consider this group's current ideological and political state,explore new laws,new features,new ways of its ideological and political education,and innovate the education by enhancing its pertinence and efficiency substantially.


Endorsed by The International Ecotourism Society, Sustainable Tourism & The Millennium Development Goals: Effecting Positive Change demonstrates how ecotourism and sustainable tourism can assist in supporting and meeting the goals set forward by the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and how it can foster a global partnership for development. The text discusses how ecotourism and sustainable tourism can assist in supporting and meeting the MDG by drawing on case studies and examples. The final summary chapter discusses how ecotourism and sustainable tourism can assist in supporting and meeting the MDG by 2015 and identifies the challenges and goals that need to be considered in the future. In this edition you will find: * Historical perspective of the development of ecotourism and sustainable tourism * The Millennium Development Goals defined * Overview of how ecotourism and sustainable tourism can assist in meeting the goals of the MDG * Engaging case studies and examples to reinforce the concept