Objectives: Controversy still exists on closing the capsule following hip arthroscopy. It is unclear if capsular closure at the end of hip arthroscopy results in better clinical outcomes compared to non-closure. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes in patients who had a closed capsule to those without a closed capsule following hip arthroscopic labral repair by a single surgeon. Methods: Patients who did not have capsular closure were identified by reviewing arthroscopy video (non-closure group). Fifty consecutive patients without capsular closure were matched with fifty patients who had capsular closure. All patients underwent primary hip arthroscopy and labral repair. The primary patient-reported outcome measure was Hip Outcome Score(HOS)-ADL. Secondary outcome measures included the modified Harris hip score(MHHS), HOS-Sport, WOMAC, general health, and patient satisfaction with outcome. Patients with lateral center edge angle less than 25º were excluded. Results: There were 23 females and 27 males with an average age of 36 years (range:14 to 77) in each group. The average lateral center edge angle was 34º (range, 27 to 48) in both groups. The alpha angle was 68º (range, 40 to 134) in the non-closure group and 70º (range, 41 to 98) in the closure group. No patient had microfractures at the time of surgery. The average follow-up time was 5 years (non-closure group range: 3-10; closure group range 3-9). Eight patients (16%) in the non-closure group required total hip arthroplasty(THA), while 4 patients (8%) in the closure group required THA. Six patients in the non-closure group and 3 patients in the closure group required revision hip arthroscopy. Of those patients who did not require revision or THA, there was a significant difference in the HOS ADL score and the secondary outcome measures (see table). Capsular closure resulted in superior clinical outcomes compared to non-closure. Conclusion: There were twice as many conversion to THA and twice as many hip arthroscopy revisions in patients undergoing hip arthroscopic labral repair without capsular closure compared to those with closure. In addition, the closure group showed significantly higher outcomes scores compared to the non-closure at 5-year follow-up time. Mid-term follow-up outcome scores in closure and non-closure group Outcome score Without closure With closure p value SF12 PCS 50.0 SD 10 54.2 SD 5.9 0.04 SF12MCS 50.9 SD 9.7 54.3 SD 7.3 0.11 HOS ADL 83.9 SD 14 90.4 SD 8.8 0.02 HOS SPORT 72.4 SD 26 86 SD 18 0.006 WOMAC 11.6 SD 16.2 7.1 SD 8.4 0.067 Modified Harris Hip Score 81.5 SD 16.6 90.1 SD 11 0.016 Patient Satisfaction with Outcome (median, range) 9.5 (1 to 10) 10 (3 to 10) ns


Along with the need of economy,society and lives of the people for Fundamental Surveying increasing rapidly,it seems imperious to improve mechanism,strengthen infrastructure,optimize organization,and advance level of Fundamental Surveying.The paper probes into the key problems of Fundamental Surveying,and brings forward some advice to improve Fundamental Surveying.


(56) References Cited U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 4,361,670 11/1982 Sugama ............................... 524/811 4,451,577 5/1984 Coss .................................... 523/144 4,543,373 9/1985 Krawiec .............................. 523/144 4,543,374 9/1985 Menting .............................. 523/144 Primary Examiner-C. Warren Ivy Attorney, Agent, or Firm-James L. Sonntag (57) ABSTRACT A castable mix formulation for casting ceramic articles which comprises ceramic particles and an organic resin binder composed of furfuryl alcohol and a catalyst con sisting essentially of zinc chloride and para toluene sulfonic acid.


Unlike other countries, pin-type porcelain insulators are still considered traditional in Brazil and are applied on a large scale in electric power distribution lines, in a predominantly aerial type configuration. Despite their low and therefore competitive cost, these insulators have undergone non-programmed shutdowns caused by defects in the dielectric material. A description is given herein not only of the manufacturing process of pin-type polymeric insulators, but also of computerized tomography-based analyses of these insulators to verify the homogeneity of the dielectric material's composition, as well as the results of alternating electric current tests and mechanical flexure tests before and after accelerated aging. This paper reports on a preliminary study, presenting and discussing pin-type polymeric insulators manufactured with castor oil-based polyurethane resins and comparing them with porcelain insulators. The results revealed that the aged and nonaged electric insulators displayed the same electrical behavior under alternating electric current, while the aged insulators showed greater mechanical rigidity.


:

This paper tests the Mean-Variance efficiency of a value weighted Australian market portfolio using a multivariate cross-sectional regression approach developed by Shanken (1985). This test methodology is sufficiently powerful to reject the null hypothesis that the market portfolio is ex ante Mean-Variance efficient when test assets are constructed on the basis of size (market capitalisation). However, when test assets are constructed on the basis of industry classification the model is unable to reject the Mean-Variance efficiency of the market portfolio. This test statistic provides some useful diagnostics which are examined in the paper.


The present invention relates to a vehicle intermediate shaft, having a clearance reduction structure. The vehicle intermediate shaft includes: a tubular shaft which is opened at the front end thereof and formed with a hollow portion in the longitudinal direction; a solid shaft formed in the shape of a rod and inserted into the hollow portion; and a sliding member mounted between the inner surface of the tubular shaft and the outer surface of the solid shaft. The vehicle intermediate shaft further includes a preload section for pressing the outer surface of the tubular shaft. The preload section includes a pressing member for surrounding the outer surface of the tubular shaft, and a bushing for pressing and surrounding the outer surface of the pressing member. According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce clearances and lashes generated among the solid shaft, the slide member and the tubular shaft, and to prevent from creating noise. In addition, it is possible to improve the riding and handling performances of a vehicle and responsibility of a vehicle. Furthermore, production and quality control costs may be reduced by shortening process.


Abstract : During the past several years, the Congress has been critical of DOD'S management of military satellite communications-a primary concern being high costs. Congressional reports in 1989 and 1990 directed DOD to prepare a comprehensive, affordable architecture that defined all satellite communication requirements and potential solutions to satisfy the requirements. In November 1991, DOD published its military satellite communications architecture study that identified several alternatives for satisfying requirements, including the use of commercial communication satellites. Earlier, in February 1991, the White House had established U.S. commercial space policy guidelines (National Space Policy Directive 3) requiring U.S. government agencies to use commercially available space products and services to the fullest extent feasible. The policy was based on the presumption that potential large economic benefits would result.


The object of using parasitic germplasm resource is to raise the technical level to control parsitosis for domestic animal and poultry.A total of 1 036 parasitic species collected from 16 kinds of domestic animals and poultries were reported in South-western China,where is one of the most serious areas for parasitosis transmission in China.This paper described the research and use of the new techniques on diagnosis,surveillance and control of parasitosis in domestic animal and poultry in Sichuan and South-western China,especially on applying resources of parasitic species in the pilot areas,so that the capacity of control and prevent of parasitosis in sheep,pig and dairy cattle farms were reasonably improved.


[Objective]The paper was to explore the characteristics of zinc finger of Kruppel homolog-1(Nlkr-h1) gene from brown planthopper and its effect on expression of FAMeT and JHE,and to understand the regulation role of Nlkr-h1.[Method]The evolutionary tree of each zinc finger in functional area of Nlkr-h1 was analysis via MEGA5.0,and expression status of FAMeT and JHE after interference of Nlkr-h1 was determined using qPCR technology.[Result] The functional area of Nlkr-h1 mainly included eight zinc fingers,and the conservativeness of Zn1 and Zn8 was relatively lower.In the brown planthopper with Nlkr-h1 gene knockout,the expression levels of FAMeT and JHE increased.[Conclusion]The paper provides the theoretical basis for understanding molecular mechanism of juvenile hormone signaling pathway and biological control of brown planthopper.


: Acanthamoeba is a free living amoeba found in various environments including soil, water and dust. Accidental exposure to Acanthamoeba in dust and soil through cornea can cause keratitis. The prevalence of Acanthamoeba spp. from 307 dust samples (204 indoor and 103 outdoor samples) was studied in 2001. A total samples were cultured in non- nutrient agar coated with Escherichia coli and observed the morphology of Acanthamoeba spp. by light microscope using Pussard and Pons criteria. Acanthamoeba spp. was found in 26.1% of total dust (80/307). Prevalence of Acanthamoeba spp. from outdoor dust samples was significantly higher than those from indoor dust samples (41.7% and 18.1%, p <0.05). The highest prevalence was found in park area and on the floor inside of building (11.7% and 9.3%). Based on Pussard and Pons, Acanthamoeba spp. cysts found in this study were classified as group II which was significantly higher than group III (18.9% and 11.4%, p <0.05). Acanthamoeba spp. found in the study were morpho-logically similar to A. polyphaga , A. castellanii and A. triangularis . Other free-living amoeba such as Hartmanella spp. and Vahlkampfia spp. were also found in 52.1% of total dust samples. These results suggested that Acanthamoeba spp. found in dust from various environments may cause Acanthamoeba keratitis. Bull Chiang Mai Assoc Med Sci 2007; 40: 46-53.


The paper describes the classification and criteria for blockchain environment participants. The overview of the main types of blockchain participants is essential for the understanding of blockchain social and economic behaviour. It structured in the description of the several patterns which is often generated inside the Bitcoin blockchain and the list of the economic entities with the criteria of their behaviour. The paper gives the view on the different types of blockchain entities both from outside and inside the blockchain. Also, the paper lists the possible risks of criminal behaviour corresponding to every entity.


The plasma of a hollow-cathode glow discharge with an additional magnetic field was investigated using probes in the ion saturation regime. It was experimentally shown that the application of a magnetic field leads to the formation of a rotating region of enhanced plasma density when the field exceeds a threshold value, which depends on the kind of gas. Three gases were used (N2, Ar, and Kr) for the experiments. The experiments showed that the higher the atomic mass the higher the threshold magnetic field. The plasma density in the region of enhanced density is about a factor 4-6 higher than the initial density at threshold for otherwise constant parameters. Plasma rotation was observed when the ion Larmor radius was equal to or smaller than the hollow cathode radius. The rotation frequency is of the order of 10 kHz and could be correlated to the ion cyclotron frequency. The rotation frequency increased linearly with magnetic field and reversed direction when the direction of the magnetic field was reversed. Higher discharge current, higher gas pressure, and heavier working gas reduced the plasmarotation frequency. The plasmarotation caused a modulation of ion current extracted from the anode region. A preliminary analysis of characteristic parametersmore » indicated that not only ion gyration but also ExB drift of the guiding center of magnetized electrons may play a crucial role. In the cylindrical hollow cathode geometry, ion gyration and ExB drift of the guiding center of magnetized electron shave the same sense, and a resonance may develop. The exact nature of such resonance is not clear at this time, and future theoretical investigations are needed to explain collisional and other mechanisms in detail.« less


In accordance with the serious problem of salt deposition in production wells of low permeability,high salinity,complex fauIted block reservoirs in Pucheng oilfield,through laboratory experiment,the reason of salt deposition and its influence have been analyzed. Necessary measures of salt removal and control have been proposed and proved to be effective after field application.


The evolutionary rate co-variation in meiotic proteins has been reported for yeast and mammal using phylogenic branch lengths which assess retention, duplication and mutation. The bioinformatics of the corresponding DNA sequences could be classified as a diagram of fractal dimension and Shannon entropy. Results from biomedical gene research provide examples on the diagram methodology. The identification of adaptive selection using entropy marker and functional-structural diversity using fractal dimension would support a regression analysis where the coefficient of determination would serve as evolutionary pathway marker for DNA sequences and be an important component in the astrobiology community. Comparisons between biomedical genes such as EEF2 (elongation factor 2 human, mouse, etc), WDR85 in epigenetics, HAR1 in human specificity, clinical trial targeted cancer gene CD47, SIRT6 in spermatogenesis, and HLA-C in mosquito bite immunology demonstrate the diagram classification methodology. Comparisons to the SEPT4-XIAP pair in stem cell apoptosis, testesexpressed taste genes TAS1R3-GNAT3 pair, and amyloid beta APLP1-APLP2 pair with the yeast-mammal DNA sequences for meiotic proteins RAD50-MRE11 pair and NCAPD2-ICK pair have accounted for the observed fluctuating evolutionary pressure systematically. Regression with high R-sq values or a triangular-like cluster pattern for concordant pairs in co-variation among the studied species could serve as evidences for the possible location of common ancestors in the entropy-fractal dimension diagram, consistent with an example of the human-chimp common ancestor study using the FOXP2 regulated genes reported in human fetal brain study. The Deinococcus radiodurans R1 Rad-A could be viewed as an outlier in the RAD50 diagram and also in the free energy versus fractal dimension regression Cook's distance, consistent with a non-Earth source for this radiation resistant bacterium. Convergent and divergent fluctuating evolutionary pressure could be studied with extension to genetic sequences in organisms in possible astrobiology conditions, with the assumption that the continuation of a book of life would require meiotic proteins everywhere in the universe.


Recognized as the primary market forces behind the 'experience economy' phenomenon - globalization, advances in technology and rising consumer affluence, have motivated producers in the luxury hotel sector to adapt products and services to include unique experiences. Profound changes have also been observed in how tourists engage with destinations, attractions and hotels, while increasingly seeking memorable experiences. The purpose of this research was to identify how producers responsible for the design and development of luxury hotel guest rooms respond to or intend to respond to consumer demands for memorable experiences, now and in the future (to the year 2020). The study engaged expert producers in a Delphi-like study using Pine and Gilmore's (1998) experience framework to identify the primary memorable experience generator categories that producers considered essential to generating new sources of economic value when designing the future luxury hotel room.


In the recent IQ controversy, most commentators have failed to question the concept of intelligence, of "its" nature. In a recent issue of this journal, Gonzalez correctly indi cates the anti-democratic nature of the idea of intelligence. However, Gonzalez is incorrect in stating that the concept of in telligence is tied to the growth of monopoly capitalism. Instead, the idea of "intelligence," little changed from the vague concept which exists today, can be shown to pre-date the development of capitalism by centuries.


This paper introduces the Deep Learning Inference Service, an online production service at Microsoft for ultra-low-latency deep neural network model inference. We present the system architecture and deep dive into core concepts such as intelligent model placement, heterogeneous resource management, resource isolation, and efficient routing. We also present production scale and performance numbers.


The quotient of an algebraic variety by action of an algebraic group does not always has a variety structure. The aim of this work is to describe a methodfor constructing good quotients, in the sense of Geometric invariant theory, in algebraicgeometry.


In the article the results of research of vital capacity of lights are resulted at youths 18 years. The comparative analysis of the proper and actual indexes of vital capacity of lights is conducted. Findings of investigation allow to state, that for young men of 17-18 years vital capacity mild averages 4300 ml. It is necessary to be guided by value of indexes and size vital capacity mild which take into account individual parameters of physical development. In-process analysis of the called individual parameters (concerning each separate first-year student) vital capacity mild in 41 % of young men specifies presence such and need of augmentation.


BACKGROUND & AIMS
Hepatobiliary secretion is generally believed to be an integral step in the pathway of cholesterol excretion from the body. Here we have investigated the validity of this paradigm in mice.

METHODS
Cholesterol balance was assessed by measuring intake, excretion, and biliary output in different mouse models. Direct secretion of cholesterol from the luminal side of enterocytes was studied by perfusion of isolated segments of the small intestine in mice.

RESULTS
Cholesterol input and output measurements in different mouse models revealed that fecal neutral sterol excretion was higher than the sum of dietary cholesterol intake and biliary cholesterol secretion indicating the existence of an alternative pathway. Here we show that substantial amounts of cholesterol can be secreted directly by enterocytes. Transintestinal cholesterol secretion is a specific process observed throughout the small intestine (proximal > medial > distal). Secretion depended on the presence of a cholesterol acceptor and was strongly stimulated by bile salts and phospholipids. The capacity of the pathway was sufficient to account for the missing cholesterol in the balance studies. The contribution of this pathway to cholesterol excretion in mice is approximately twice that of the biliary pathway.

CONCLUSIONS
In mice, the intestine plays a significant role in removal of cholesterol from the body.


How has scholarly understanding of Russian Revolution and of revolution in general changed over the last three decades? How the new source-material which became available since the fall of the Soviet Union has changed the basic interpretations of this event and its aftermaths? Has it affected some pivotal questions such as the possible alternatives existing to the the revolutionary outburst of 1917, the degree of violence and coercion inherent to the original spirit of Bolshevism, the continuity or discontinuity between Bolshevism and Stalinism? Three well known scholars, Laura Engelstein, Silvio Pons and Stephen A. Smith answer these and other questions.


As YOU KNOW, it is usual to think of the nerves which influence the calibre of blood vessels as belonging to two main groups. First of all there are the vasoconstrictor fibres whose stimulation results in an increase in resistance to blood flow in the part supplied by the fibres. Impulses reaching these nerve endings are thought to release noradrenaline which contracts the smooth muscle in the blood vessel wall. Secondly there are the vasodilator fibres whose stimulation results in a decrease in resistance to flow. Impulses reaching these nerve endings are thought to release acetylcholine which relaxes the smooth muscle.


(57) Abstract: roller guide assembly for an elevator system includes a plurality of rollers, and the damping subassembly, the. The damping subassembly comprises a friction damping subassembly, and noise vibration isolating mechanism. By the friction damping subassembly, movement and vibration and lateral of the elevator car is minimized. The friction damping subassembly comprises a friction damper mounted on the shaft of each of said rollers in said roller guide assemblies. By the friction damping subassembly, energy is dissipated, ride of the elevator car is improved. By the noise vibration isolating mechanism, the damper is connected to each other, the vibration between the roller and the elevator car is interrupted. In a specific embodiment, the noise vibration isolating mechanism comprises a friction bar connecting the roller and the damper together.


Thick Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8 films have been produced by melting Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8 powder on MgO substrates at temperatures just above the melting temperature of the powder. X-ray diffraction measurements indicate enhanced c-axis alignment throughout the thickness of the films. Films melted at 900 °C show greater alignment and contain less Bi_2Sr_2CuO_6 compared to those processed at 950 °C. Both the degree of alignment and the Bi_2Sr_2CuO_6 content increase as the cooling rate is decreased. Transport measurements show that films quickly cooled from low melt-processing temperatures have the highest critical current densities ( J _c = 13 kA/cm^2 at 30 K). The temperature dependence of J _c is best described by a flux creep model. Finally, J _c at 4.2 K (in both parallel and perpendicular magnetic fields) undergoes a sudden drop at low fields, but levels off above 0.5 T to about 30% of the zero field value.


s presented at a joint meeting of the Blair Bell and Munro–Kerr Research Societies, 4–5 June 2003, at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary A prospective observational population study into nearmiss maternal morbidity in Scotland. V. Brace, M. Hall, G. Penney. Scottish Programme for Clinical Effectiveness in Reproductive Health & Aberdeen Maternity Hospital. The importance of severe maternal morbidity, as an alternative to mortality, as a measure of maternity care has previously been highlighted. We set out to quantify the incidence of near-miss maternal morbidity in Scotland. Thirteen near-miss events were defined. All 22 consultant-led maternity units participated, between October 2001 and September 2002. Any defined events were reported each month. Data were collated centrally to determine the frequency of near-miss incidents. Two hundred seventyfive near-miss events were reported in 196 patients, out of 51,165 deliveries. The reporting rate was 3.8 patients per 1000 deliveries. Major obstetric haemorrhage accounted for 50% of events. Only a third of near-miss patients were admitted to intensive care units. Incidences of each nearmiss event were similar to those published. Thus severe maternal morbidity categories can be defined and measured. Morbidity, as well as mortality, can be reported on a national level. Control of tissue remodelling during labour by matrix metalloproteinase-9 and -2. N. J. Carr, R. Leask, S. C. Riley. Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh. Activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and -2 causes matrix degradation in fetal membranes during labour. We aim to investigate the cellular mechanisms that control the secretion and activation of MMP-9 and -2. Amnion and chorion were collected immediately after delivery from patients undergoing elective caesarean section at term and cultured with prostaglandins (PGs) E2 and F2a. Analysis of culture medium using zymography showed a significant ( P < 0.05) dose-dependent up-regulation of MMP-9 and -2 in response to PGs. Immunostaining of tissue samples collected from active labour and elective sections has identified PG receptors, EP2 and EP4, particularly in the amnion epithelium and chorion trophoblast layers. We used the JEG3 trophoblast cell line as a model for chorion trophoblast. These cells express EP2 and EP4 protein. Furthermore, PGE2 stimulates cAMP production in these cells. These findings indicate that PGE2, via an EP2 and EP4 mediated response through cAMP, stimulates MMP-9 and -2 secretion by cells at the fetal–maternal interface. Should an ectopic pregnancy always be diagnosed using transvaginal ultrasonography in the first trimester prior to surgery? G. Condous, M. Alkatib, E. Okaro, A. Khalid, S. Rao, T. Bourne. St George's Hospital Medical School, UK. We evaluated the accuracy of transvaginal sonography (TVS) in the detection of ectopic pregnancies (EP) prior to surgery. Prospective observational study. 4255 consecutive women presented underwent TVS. EP was diagnosed if: 1. inhomogenous mass or 2. mass with 'bagel sign' or 3. gestational sac with fetal pole with/without cardiac activity were visualised in adnexa. One hundred and sixteen out of 4255 (2.7%) women were diagnosed EP. One hundred thirteen of 116 (97.4%) were diagnosed as tubal EP and 3/116 (2.6%) as non-tubal EP. Seventy-six cases had inhomogenous adnexal mass (AM), 13 embryo F fetal heart activity and 24 bagel sign. Twenty-three cases managed non-surgically were excluded. One hundred and three surgical procedures were performed—6.8% (7/103) were not EP. Ten of 96 EP at surgery were not visualised preoperatively on TVS. Sensitivity and specificity of TVS to detect EP were 89.6% and 99.8%, respectively. PPV and NPV of TVS were 92.5% and 99.8%, respectively. Up to 90% of ectopic pregnancies can be accurately diagnosed using TVS prior to surgery. Decidualisation of cervical fibroblasts. S. Cowan, A. Calder, R. Kelly. Centre for Reproductive Biology, Edinburgh. The resident fibroblast is a possible contender as the initiator of peripartum cervical changes. Whether this cell changes in response to pregnancy is unknown. Decidualisation of the endometrium is essential for implantation and pregnancy. Decidual transformation of endometrial fibroblasts occurs under the influence of progesterone and is BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology October 2003, Vol. 110, pp. 958–963 D RCOG 2003 BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology PII: S1 4 7 0 0 3 2 8 ( 03 ) 0 3 0 0 1 5 www.bjog-elsevier.com co-dependent on elevated intracellular cAMP. Cultured human cervical fibroblasts (from both pregnant and nonpregnant women) were treated with progesterone and cAMP elevating agents for 6 and 10 days. Marked changes consistent with decidualisation were observed with combined progesterone and cAMP. IGFBP-1 mRNA [559 (282) SEM fold increase relative to control] and prolactin mRNA [26 (5.1)] was expressed and proteins released (IGFBP-1 24 fold, prolactin 3.5 fold relative to control). In addition, there was an increase in progesterone receptor mRNA [4 (0.6)] and prostaglandin E2 receptor mRNA [5.6 (1.9)] expression. This finding of in vitro decidualisation of cervical stromal cells may serve as a useful model to investigate cervical ripening. Targeting the fetal gut for prenatal treatment of disease using gene therapy. A. L. David, D. M. Peebles, L. Gregory, M. Nivsarkar, M. Themis, T. Cook, C. Coutelle, C. Rodeck. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, Cystic Fibrosis Gene Therapy Research Group, Section of Molecular Genetics & Department of Histopathology, Imperial College School of Medicine, London. Prenatal treatment of disease may avoid early onset tissue damage, immune sensitisation and target organ systems less accessible in the adult. We delivered adenoviral vectors into the early gestation fetal sheep stomach using ultrasound-guided injection for prenatal treatment of cystic fibrosis and other gut disorders. Adenoviral vectors encoding the h-galactosidase gene (1 10 pfu/kg) and transduction enhancing agents were injected into the stomach of fetal sheep at 60 days of gestation (n 1⁄4 8, term 145 days) using a 22 Gauge spinal needle under ultrasound guidance. Fetal tissues and blood were sampled two days after surgery. Expression of h-galactosidase, as measured by ELISA, was enhanced after pre-treatment of the fetal gut with sodium caprate and after complexing the adenovirus with the polycation DEAE dextran. Addition of perflubron, a fluorocarbon, resulted in transduction of the distal small bowel and colon. Gene therapy vectors can be safely delivered to the fetal gut using a clinically relevant technique. Antiphospholipid antibodies and acquired activated protein C resistance: risk factors for fetal loss. F. Dawood, R. G. Farquharson, S. Quenby. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Liverpool Women's Hospital. The aim of this retrospective case control study was to assess the association between antiphospholipid antibodies (APA), acquired activated protein C resistance (APCR) and fetal loss. Two hundred and eighty consecutive women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage were tested for lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies and APCR using the DRVVT, IgG and IgM enzyme linked assay and the Coatest reaction, respectively. High-resolution ultrasound defined fetal loss. Thirty-five women were found to have acquired APCR only (group A); 16 women had APA only (group B); 16 women had both APCR and APA (group C); and 86 women with neither APCR nor APA formed the control group D. Of the total number of pregnancy losses, the fetal loss rate in group A was 78% (94/121); 41% in group B (22/53); 70% (56/80) in group C; and 39% (112/ 290) in group D. Acquired APCR appears to confer a greater risk for fetal loss than APA. Management of late intrauterine death using a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol. T. Fairley, M. Mackenzie, P. Owen, F. Mackenzie. Princess Royal Maternity, Glasgow. We aimed to find a safe, effective method of IOL in late IUD. This report is of using a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol in women with IUD after 24 weeks of gestation, 29 women were eligible for inclusion over two years. Women were initially treated with 200 mg oral mifepristone. After 36–48 hours, they were given 400 Ag of misoprostol vaginally and a maximum of four oral doses, four hourly. Data were gathered prospectively. The mean [SD] age of the patients was 30.8 [5.4] years, 54% were primigravid. Median gestation at induction was 28 weeks. The median time between the first dose of misoprostol and delivery of the fetus was 7 hours (range of 1.5–29.5 hours). All women delivered safely. There were no serious adverse events. Our study suggests that the combination of mifepristone and misoprostol for induction of labour following late IUD is safe and effective. Mechanism of action of EDHF in human arteries: the role of gap junctions and Kþ Channels. J. C. Gillham, L. C. Kenny, P. N. Baker, M. J. Taggart. Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, UK. Endothelium-dependent relaxation of resistance arteries is mediated by nitric oxide, prostacyclin and the yet to be identified endothelium-dependent hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). It is proposed that EDHF may be up-regulated in normal pregnancy and absent in pre-eclampsia. Gap junctions and endothelial cell potassium channels have been proposed to be integral to EDHF-mediated vessel relaxation. Relaxant characteristics of human pregnant omental vessels were examined on a wire myograph, utilising pharmacological manipulation of gap junctions and potassium channels. Gap junctions were inhibited by 18-alpha glycerrhetinic acid—potassium channels by various combinations of the toxins, apamin, charybdotoxin and iberiotoxin. We showed that functional gap junction communication and endothelial


Objective
To observe whether neuronavigation combined with intraoperative ultrasound is superior to neuronavigation alone.

Methods
Two hundred and thirteen patients who underwent craniotomy in Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital from January 2014 to January 2017 were selected and divided into neuronavigation group and neuronavigation combined with intraoperative ultrasound group according to the localization method used in the operation. The total resection rate of the two groups was compared by postoperative imaging data.

Results
Neuronavigation group: 53 cases were completely removed, accounting for 64.6%; 29 cases were not completely removed, accounting for 35.4%. Neuronavigation combined with intraoperative ultrasound: 103 cases were completely removed, accounting for 78.6%; 28 cases were not completely removed, accounting for 21.4%. The difference was statistically significant.

Conclusion
The application of neuronavigation combined with intraoperative ultrasound can improve the complete resection rate of surgery, which has certain advantages over the application of neuronavigation alone.

Key words:
Ultrasound; Neuronavigation; Neurosurgery


Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a promising solution to the problem of spectrum deficiency. NOMA receivers require information about the modulation type of the co-scheduled user's signal to perform successive interference cancellation (SIC). Automatic modulation classification (AMC) is used to reduce the signal overhead created due to sharing of this information. In this paper, a convolutional neural network (CNN) with a modified residual block (MR-CNN) is proposed for AMC in NOMA systems. The classification performance of MR-CNN is evaluated on the input signal with four different modulation formats at varying signal to noise ratios (SNRs). Experimental results demonstrate the proposed model can achieve more than 90% classification accuracy for SNRs higher than 10dB. Further, comparative analysis depicts that the proposed model outperforms existing methods in terms of classification accuracy at low SNRs and has similar performance at high SNRs.


This article aims to study India's robust space programme, against the backdrop of the current legal regime under which it operates. It further delves into the need for national space legislation vis-à-vis the recent burgeoning trend of privatization. To this end, this article analyses the draft 2017 Space Activities Bill introduced for consultation by the Government of India, and concludes with the recommendation that India adopt an all-encompassing national space legislation.
outer space, ISRO, Indian Space Research Organisation, space activities, Indian space programme, privatization, IN-SPACe, Space Activities Bill 2017


We give a survey of recent work on the construction of differential operators on various types of modular forms (mod p). We also discuss a framework for determining the effect of such operators on the mod p Galois representations attached to Hecke eigenforms.


Android is a widely deployed operating system that employs a permission-based access control model. The Android Permissions System (APS) is responsible for mediating resource requests from applications. APS is a critical component of the Android security mechanism. A failure in the design of APS can potentially lead to vulnerabilities that grant unauthorized access to resources by malicious applications. Researchers have employed formal methods for analyzing the security properties of APS. Since Android is constantly evolving, we intend to design and implement a framework for formal specification and verification of the security properties of APS. In particular, we intend to present a behavioral model of APS that represents the non-binary, context dependent permissions introduced in Android 10 and temporal permissions introduced in Android 11.


The process every networking function method will be explained. In one or more implementations, the process performed on the computing device based on the token associated with the process, a determination is made whether access to the network function is permitted is performed. Token has one or more security identifiers referring to the described one or more network functions were manifest. Access to the network function is managed based on the determination.


Abstract We report a population of Bigeye Shiner Notropis boops in the South Fork Hughes River drainage of the Little Kanawha River, West Virginia. A total of 27 individuals of N. boops were collected during five sampling efforts from 1999 to 2005. These specimens represent an addition to the state fauna, a distributional record for the Little Kanawha River, and an eastern range extension for this species on the Appalachian Plateau, West Virginia. Notropis boops in the South Fork Hughes River drainage likely represents a native population.


Cerebral palsy (CP) is a motor dysfunction due to nonprogressive neurological brain disorder in early development that leads to motor deficits, particularly involving gait and posture. CP is the most common child onset neuromotor disability, affecting over 17 million people worldwide. Most children with CP walk with abnormal gait patterns such as equinus or crouch gait, leading to secondary impairments and low quality of life. The most common treatments for crouch gait include surgery, botulinum toxin injections, physical therapy/strengthening, and orthotic interventions. Orthopaedic surgeries such as hamstring lengthening are advocated when hamstring muscles become excessively short; however, repeat lengthening is contraindicated. Recently, robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) has been used as a repetitive and task-specific therapy for children with CP. Exoskeleton intended to treat crouch gait by providing extension torque at the knee joint and on its ability to increase knee extension during over-ground walking in children with CP. Providing a more upright posture and the accompanying favourable reduction in the knee extensor moment over extended periods of time could be critical for stopping or slowing the progression of crouch through adolescence and early adulthood. The powered exoskeleton significantly altered lower extremity kinematics and reduced the crouch gait. In addition, the overall knee range of motion for the entire gait cycle was significantly increased during walking with the powered exoskeleton, resulting in a closer trajectory to that of normal waking. With technology playing an increasing role in health care, there is potential for robot-assisted gait training to play a role in the rehabilitation of people impacted by CP and other neurological conditions. Most studies have identified an emerging body of evidence suggesting that robot-assisted gait training could improve gait in individuals with CP with minimal adverse effects and


Effect of CB treatment with four types of representative processing aids on conductivity,mechanical property and rheological behaviour was studied.It was discovered that each processing aid benefited the improvement of these kinds of properties,but its own characteristic improvement of conductivity was more distinct,for example,titanate coupling agent or stearic acid decreased its composite's room temperature resistivity 10 1~10 2 times,as CB content was 15 %. The reasons for these phenomena were given.


College and career readiness (CCR) is a phrase that has captured the imagination if not the vocabulary of state and federal policy makers in the United States. What it means, however, is subject to a great deal of variance in interpretation. And definitions matter when it comes to policy. The basic college and career ready question is, what is the appropriate mix of academic skills, generalizable occupational skills, and specific technical skills required for the emerging labor market. A second level question is, how can schools help students develop these skills. In this paper, [the author] intends to address these two questions from four perspectives. [The author] will begin with a discussion of the elements required for developing a college and career ready secondary school graduate; strategies for developing those skills; systems that are evolving the United States through which these skills can be developed and conclude with a brief look at the role of career guidance in supporting the college and career ready efforts.


The recovered fracturing fluid is generally high in salinity (close to 200 kppm), which is related to the diffusion of salt ions from shale reservoir to the fracturing fluid. However, it is not clear about the diffusion capacity of salt ions in different types. In this paper, the shale, tight volcanic and sandstone are selected as comparative study and a series of tests are carried out for the porosity, permeability and mineral composition. The results show that the shale immersing in fracturing fluid will cause ions dissolution and diffusion, which will increase the salinity of the fracturing fluid. The solution salinity increases rapidly in the early stage and gradually slows down in the later stage. The salinity of the fracturing fluid has a linear relationship with the square root of time, so the slope of the curve can be used as a characteristic parameter to evaluate the ion diffusion rate. The process of dissolution and diffusion of salt ions will induce the expansion of micro-cracks, increasing the contact area between the fracturing fluid and shale and enhancing the solution salinity. The ion diffusion rate is positively related with the content of clay minerals and carbonate. The soluble ions include mainly SO 4 2− , Ca 2+ , Na + and K + . The Na + /Cl − ratio is closely related to the content of clay minerals and carbonate minerals. It has a positive correlation with content of illite and chlorite, and a negative correlation with carbonate minerals, suggesting NaCl source from illite and chlorite. This study is significant for understanding the salinity characteristics of recovered fracturing fluid and evaluating the fracture network shape. Cited as : Yang, L., Chen, C., Liu, Y., Zheng, Y. A comparative study of ion diffusion during water imbibition in shale, sandstone and volcanic rock. Capillarity, 2020, 3(2): 16-27, doi: 10.46690/capi.2020.02.01.


A REVIEW article of lasting value must assimilate useful ideas of the past, apply them to current problems, and predict which ideas will both guide and survive the course of future research. LuValle and Goddard's exemplary article had its impact upon a critical moment in the development and synthesis of the two dominating ideas of Leonor Michaelis to enzyme-substrate complexes and the compulsory univalent electron transfers in oxidation-reduction reactions. Timeliness of the review was afforded by the experimental proof of the existence of enzyme-substrate intermediates by the work of Stern, Keilin and Theorell and of their function in redox reactions as well (Chance). These background ideas were fused into a general proposal that a ternary complex is the functional intermediate in oxidation reactions. This concept was put forward by LuValle and Goddard and completes the assembly of ideas incorporated into the review. Evaluation of the long-lasting contributions of the review by LuValle and Goddard is indeed still in progress. However, some points stand out clearly. First, the idea of the ternary complex as the functional intermediate in redox catalysis is now secure, even though the lifetime of such intermediates may be too short to demonstrate their presence, as in catalases, peroxidases, and some dehydrogenases (for example, horse liver alcohol dehydrogenaseTheorell and Chance, 1951). The understanding of the enzymatic reaction mechanism, however, depends critically upon the existence of such intermediates and, in the end, upon their exact structure. Indeed, the structures of enzyme-substrate compounds of catalase and formate have been determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (Hershberg and Chance, 1951) and those of peroxidase and various phenols have been determined by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy (Leigh, Maltempo, Ohlsson, and Paul, 1975). Thus, compounds with the oxidizing substrate (H202) (Chance, 1943) and the reducing substrate (AH2) (Leigh et al., 1975) are now surely identified, and their function in a ternary complex in enzymatic activity according to the ideas of LuValle and Goddard is assured. Similar progress has been made on the role ot radical intermediates. In the case of peroxidase, Yamazaki, Mason, and Piette (1960) have provided evidence for the formation of radicals and have further shown how-the very rapid dismutation of radical species diminishes the concentration of radicals dissociated from the ternary complexes to a very low value, and have justified the statement of LuValle and Goddard " that . . . we consider it improbable that free radicals in the solvent play an appreciable role in cellular metabolism."


A direct observation survey of safety belt use in Michigan was conducted. In this study, 12,690 occupants traveling in four vehicle types (passenger cars, sport utility vehicles, vans/minivans, and pickup trucks) were surveyed between December 2 and 16, 2002. Belt use was estimated for all commercial/noncommercial vehicle types combined (the statewide safety belt use rate) and separately for each vehicle type. Within and across each vehicle type, belt use rates by age, sex, road type, day of week, time of day, and seating position were calculated. Statewide belt use was 80.5%. When compared with the rate observed in September, 2002, the current rate shows that safety belt use in Michigan has remained about the same. A comparison with the highest rate observed before the introduction of standard enforcement shows that the current rate reflects a 10.4 percentage point increase. Belt use was 82.5% for passenger cars, 82.6% for sport utility vehicles, 80.8% for vans/minivans, and 72.3% for pickup trucks. For all vehicle types combined, belt use was higher for females than for males, and higher for drivers than for passengers. In general, belt use was highest during the morning rush hour. Belt use did not vary systematically by day of week. Belt use was lowest among 16-to-29 year olds, followed closely by those in the 30-to-59 year old age group, and highest among the 60-and-older age group. Survey results suggest that the implementation of standard enforcement safety belt use laws and the accompanying enforcement and public information and education efforts have been effective in increasing and maintaining safety belt use in Michigan.


In Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) ,for security purpose anonymous routing protocol used. This protocol hides nodes original identity from outsider, so that observer cannot threaten the security of network. There are few existing anonymous routing protocol available for MANET. From thse some are relying on hop-by-hop encryption or redundant traffic, but they are having high cost and provide low anonymity. Therefore to provide high anonymity protection with low cost, propose an Anonymous Location Based Efficient Routing Protocol. In this protocol, given network dynamically partition into zones. Every zone having nodes which are act as intermediate nodes.These nodes get randomly selected for routing so that observer cannot indentify route.For anonymity ALERT hides mainly source and destination identity using pseudonym which changes frequently. And ALERT also hide route between source and destination. With this ALERT also having stratergy against intersection attacks. Keywords— Mobile Ad-Hoc Network, Anonymity, Intersection attack etc.Introduction


SUMMARY One of major tasks of hydrographers is to delineate the coastline during the survey, and of marine cartographers to plot it to nautical charts and hydrographic survey sheets. This paper provides a definition of coastline adopted by the Hydrographic Institute of the Republic of Croatia on the basis of recommendations of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). The paper describes the coastlining geodetic methods used in the hydrographic practice. Factors that affect the variability of coastline are described. It has been pointed out that the mean sea-level increase recorded on the eastern Adriatic coast is still weak, but in the near future the new coastline should be calculated. The conclusion is that in the national spatial data infrastructure (NSDI) it is advisable to use one single coastline both on nautical charts and topographic maps, so that the users could easily and consistently refer their object in a coastal zone. 1. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Every maritime country has its coastal zone, which is differently defined in terms of different professions. As a physical-geographical term, coast is a part of the land in occasional contact with the sea. Coast is therefore not a line but a belt, either wider or narrower, depending on the slope of the land and the range of sea level oscillations. As a geographical-economic term, coast has a much wider significance, since the width of the coastal belt depends on land's orography. Because of the sea-land interaction in the coastal belt, the spatial data in that area are interconnected, usually being examined, represented or used together. Boundary between the sea and land, as shown on nautical charts and topographic maps, is not the coast but the coastline. According to the recommendation of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), most maritime countries define coastline as the intersection of the mean high water with the land Land data (State Geodetic Administration) and marine data (hydrographic offices) are usually represented by means of different coordinate systems, different projections, different datums (horizontal and vertical), and differents scales, to show different contents. As a result, users are not able to refer to the required object in the coastal area in a simple and consistent way (e.g. Duplančić Leder i Leder, 2009). Integration of the land and marine data is becoming a serious problem for many countries, and just a few of them have solved it (Murray, 2007), each in its own way. As in …


Abstract This paper extends the discussion on computational approaches towards modelling emotion antecedent appraisal processes, based on Scherer (1993a) and Chwelos and Oatley (1994). In the first part we briefly discuss the different goals that motivate such modelling as well as potential pitfalls. We then take up some of the critiques of GENESE expressed by Chwelos and Oatley, and examine the proposed alternatives. The paper concludes with an outline of perspectives for future work in this domain.


According to our increasing understanding of quark physics, more kinds of particles should exist than are presently known. New experiments at the Jefferson Laboratory are setting out to search for these particles.


With cardiovascular disease (CVD) being the ultimate cause of half of all deaths in the population of the developed countries ([1][1]), the dimensions of this modern epidemic can be readily appreciated. Among patients with chronic renal disease, the statistical figures are even more staggering, with


After an introduction to the global problems of cognitive impairments and related disabilities and defining the key terms, the paper emphasises the significance and possibilities of cognitive infocommunications in developing assistive technologies for people with non-standard cognitive characteristics. The paper provides a short overall review of known approaches, and also gives concise summaries on selected recent Hungarian research and development projects the results of which are not yet widely known.


Congenital mesenteric hernia in the newborn is a rare abdominal hernia. Usually, it is difficult to diagnose the disease because of its low morbidity, untypical symptoms during the early stage and lack of specific symptoms even inassitance with auxiliary examinations. With the clinical features mentioned above, the disease often deteriorates rapidly and badly, causing a high rate of death. Either determination of the cause of death or judicial authentication on medical treatment fault requires forensic experts to carry out systematical autopsy. Forensic pathological examination must be carefully made on abdominal cavity, mesenteric hernia and the intestine incarcerated in the hernia sac. A case is reported here, in which an infant suffered from congenital mesenteric hernia, and died of intestinal necrosis as a result of a misdiagnosis. The author would like to call for the thorough consideration of surgical abdominal hernia-like acuteness when acute abdominal symptoms happen to neonates, and to emphasize the importance of systematically forensic autopsy in such cases.


The objective of this paper is to investigate, both theoretically and experimentally, the limits on maximum pulse energy from a fiber-grating-based all-fiber system and to reveal methods for improving and optimizing its overall performance. We have found that for fiber gratings manufactured in a standard single-mode fiber the pulse energy limit is of the order of 20-50 nJ, which is on the same level as from currently available bulk, large-frame femtosecond lasers. This demonstrates the potential of this compact all-fiber design for generating high-power ultrashort pulses.


Abstract The kinetics of the reaction of chromium(VI) with 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid (MESA) has been studied spectrophotometrically at wavelength, 435 nm, and ionic strength, I, of 0.50 mol dm-3 (NaClO4) over the ranges: 16.0 < θ < 29.5 °C, 2.6 < pH < 7.1 (citric acid-phosphate buffer), [Cr(VI)]T = 2.0 χ 10-4 mol dm-3, 1.0 χ 10-2 < [MESA]T < 4.0 χ 10-2 mol dm-3. The reaction occurs giving clear indication of the formation of an intermediate, which is assumed to be a typical Cr(VI)-thioester. The decay of the thioester then occurs via a series of electron transfer reactions to give Cr(III). The formation and decay rates of this intermediate have been investigated kinetically and a detailed mechanism for the overall reaction proposed. Experimental data were fitted to rate equations derived from this mechanism. The specific rate constants and corresponding activation parameters were also deduced. The results show that MESA without carboxylate groups, react differently when compared to other thiols having such groups present. This confirms the participating role of carboxylate groups in the formation of the Cr(VI)-thioester. The catalytic effect of added Zn2+ was investigated and its overall role in the reaction of Cr(VI) with MESA was explained.


Training of new generation personnel in the context of traditional and distance learning remains relevant in our century of high-speed and nano-technologies, robotic equipment and combined agricultural complexes. The innovative development of the agro-industrial complex is based on modern methods of production and a radical change in the quality of management not only of technological processes, but also of decision-making processes at all stages of organizing the production of agricultural products. Today, not all higher educational institutions in the field of the agro-industrial complex can claim to be in relative compliance with the production requirements for the training of specialists, therefore, modernization of education is required, which provides for the renewal of the facility, that is, bringing it in line with new requirements, norms, technical conditions and quality indicators. The article examines aspects of the innovative development of agricultural education and proposes priority directions for the integration activities of an agricultural university as a multidisciplinary educational center or complex, taking into account the tasks set, which are implemented through the modernization of the educational process and the educational and production base for conducting educational and practical classes at the university.


In this article, the author researches and analyzes the main provisions of the theory of communicative capitalism of the American philosopher Jodi Dean. He shows the genesis of this concept and its theoretical foundations. The main provisions of the theory, its characteristics and key features are presented. The article examines how the concept of communicative capitalism is based on the research of Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, on the definition of the immaterial labor of Maurizio Lazzarato, the concept of post-politics of Slavoj Zizek, and shows the relationship with other studies and concepts. It is showh how they relate to the contemporary social and philosophical discourse on "digital capitalism". The research is divided into the study of the communicational and capitalist components of the concept. Within the analysis of communication, the concept of "fantasy", which is important for the theory, is identified and researched, and also its work in communication networks. The concept is divided into the fantasy of abundance, participation and integrity. The analysis of capitalism characteristics shows how inequality, exclusion, exploitation and competition in communicative capitalism work. From the author's point of view, Jodi Dean and her concept of communicative capitalism are still relevant and applicable to understanding and analyzing certain phenomena of the current political, social, economic, and cultural situation.


A clear understanding of both the differences and similarities between the host galaxies of the three main classes of powerful active galaxy - radio-quiet quasars (RQQs), radio-loud quasars (RLQs) and radio galaxies (RGs) - is vital in any attempt to unify or relate the various manifestations of the AGN phenomenon. The unification of RLQs and RGs via orientation effects requires that the hosts of the two types be derived from the same population of galaxies. Meanwhile, the correlation between radio power and host morphology in nearby AGN, with radio-quiet objects (Seyferts) occurring in disc systems and radio-loud sources in ellipticals, is generally assumed to persist at higher redshifts and nuclear luminosities. However, in both cases the evidence remains ambiguous and, moreover, many previous studies have been based on poorly selected samples.


Presbyopia refers to the decrease in accommodative capacity that accompanies aging. By definition, presbyopia occurs when an individual's accommodative power is no longer able to allow for sustained and comfortable near-vision work. The appearance of presbyopia is not defined by age or precise accommodative reserve, as people's near-vision requirements differ. However, most people in their early forties begin to notice difficulties with performance of near-vision tasks. The presbyopic population in the United States is expected to double every 5 years until the year 2010. Monovision constitutes one means of addressing the problem of presbyopia. In monovision, one eye is optically corrected for distance vision and the other eye for near vision. The near-vision eye may be placed in focus at a reading distance (33 cm) or at an intermediate distance (for example, at 50 cm for computer use). The monovision approach has been successfully applied to presbyopic contact lens wearers. For contact lens wearers, single-vision contact lenses correct one eye for distance and undercorrect the other eye by 1 to 2 D. Refractive surgical procedures such as photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) serve to correct myopia by flattening the corneal curvature. The number of refractive surgery cases performed on a yearly basis continues to increase exponentially. Many refractive surgery patients are in the presbyopic or prepresbyopic age group, and these patients often experience difficulties with near vision


The photo-oxidation of trans-2,2′-azoisobutane has been studied between 313 and 393 K. The principal products are acetone, t-butyl alcohol, t-butyl hydroperoxide, and formaldehyde. The yields of hydroperoxide and formaldehyde come to a limiting value during photolysis. Detailed analyses of products were carried out at different temperatures and total pressures. Further experiments were performed in which t-butyl hydroperoxide was added. The reaction was simulated over this wide range of conditions. The importance of reactions between the various alkylperoxyl radicals is emphasised.


The alteration and deterioration of physical and psychological function causes high levels in dependency of elderly age for asking help from others. Therefore, they need to optimize their self-care ability because it is expected to increase life satisfaction in elderly age. This study used self-compassion as a moderating variable that strengthens the influence of self-care ability to life satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of self-care ability toward life satisfaction in elderly moderated by self-compassion. Researchers used quantitative correlation as a method in this current study. The study involved 215 elderly-age people who are members of Karang Wredha. So as to collect the data, Life Satisfaction Index-A, Exercises Self-Care Agency Scale and SelfCompassion Scale were employed as the instruments. Moderated Regression Analysis was used in order to analyze the taken data. The results have indicated that there are positive and significant impacts of self-care ability toward life satisfaction moderated by self-compassion.


Significance Iron is an essential nutrient. Bacteria utilize siderophores to obtain iron from their environment, often producing multiple siderophores. Whether these molecules have distinct biological functions is unclear. Streptomyces exploration promotes the induction of a unique repertoire of specialized metabolites, including siderophores. We compared the effect of the well-characterized desferrioxamine siderophore, with the alternative siderophore foroxymithine. These molecules shared functional redundancy during monoculture but had distinct spatial localization profiles and exhibited significant functional differentiation during co-culture with other microbes. Our results suggest that while desferrioxamine can serve as a common good, with other microbes having ferrioxamine uptake systems, the alternative foroxymithine siderophore effectively privatizes the iron surrounding a colony, enhancing the competitive fitness of its producer when growing in polymicrobial communities.


To isolate fetal cells from maternal blood, we developed a new method based on galactose‐bearing conjugation. Nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs), which highly express galactose on their surface, were selectively attached to a substrate coated with a galactose‐containing polymer via soybean agglutinin (SBA), a galactose‐specific lectin. Cord blood samples were used to evaluate enrichment efficacy of NRBCs by this method. Blood samples were obtained from 131 pregnant women between 6 and 27 gestational weeks. After preliminary condensation of fetal cells by Ficoll gradient centrifugation, NRBCs were enriched using galactose‐positive selection by adjusting SBA concentration. We isolated one to severalhundred NRBCs (mean±SD, 7.8±8.5) in 2.3 ml of peripheral blood samples from 96% of pregnantwomen. The isolated NRBCs were analyzed by a Y‐chromosome FISH probe in eight cases carrying male fetuses. Y‐signals were detected in all eight cases and more than half of the NRBCs wereoffetal origin. The study demonstrates that our new method using galactose‐specific lectin provides effective enrichment of fetal NRBCs allowing non‐invasive prenatal diagnosis. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Abstract The base catalyzed rearrangements of 1,4 bis-heteroatom substituted 3-butynes have been extensively studied by Brandsma, et al. 2,3 Frequently, complex mixtures of products have been obtained. We wish to report an efficient, selective preparation of 1,2-bis(methylthio)-1, 3-butadiene 1 and its use in two Diels-Alder reactions.


Abstract Over the past decade and a half, states in all regions of the United States have formed Holocaust councils, advisory groups, and other agencies for the purpose of developing educational programs in response to a growing interest in the Holocaust. Some states have called upon educators and Holocaust agencies within the state to develop curricula and/or resource materials for use in social studies and English classrooms. Furthermore, many states now either strongly recommend the teaching of the Holocaust or mandate that it be taught in their public schools. In a previous paper published in TRSE in 2002 (Understanding Matters: Holocaust Curricula in the Social Studies Classroom), we addressed the problematic aspects of much of the content found in state–developed Holocaust curricula. In the present paper, we present a critical analysis of the instructional strategies advocated in state–sponsored Holocaust curricula. We ground our evaluation within the framework of authentic pedagogy—particularly the work of Fred Newmann. More than an attempt to simply criticize these works, we offer constructive alternatives to inadequate and/or poorly designed instructional strategies. Fundamental to the intent of this paper is its usefulness as a guide for evaluating instructional activities designed to support the teaching of content knowledge about the Holocaust.


Visual object recognition is important to the robot industry and is a prerequisite for other robot functionalities, such as grasping and manipulation. Object representation and a learning technique are two indispensable parts for this demanding task while arbitrary object appearance and diverse scenes with cluttered background are two great challenges. However, compared with object representation, the learning technique is less developed to deal with these challenges. This paper extends the multiple instance learning (MIL) technique to the multi-class classification scenario and introduces this multi-class MIL framework to the object recognition domain for the first time. This framework is independent of object representation and is useful for object/background discrimination in unseen scenes. Preliminary experiments show that it compares favorably with the supervised learning approach which takes whole images as the classifier training input


Wireless power transmission systems are suitable for use in charging systems for plug‐in hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles, particularly when considering safety and convenience. Wireless power transmission coils are made of litz copper wire to reduce copper losses at high frequencies. However, litz wires are expensive owing to their complicated structure and large number of manufacturing steps. Herein, a copper‐plate‐coil is proposed that can be manufactured at a low cost is proposed. A magnetic flux path control technique is also proposed to reduce copper losses. The use of a magnetic composite material for realizing magnetic flux path control technology reduces the alternative current resistance by 50%. In addition, this study reports the effects of the magnetic composite material on coupling coefficients observed during coil misalignment. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.


The geometrical structures of ground state and electronic properties of Tin(n=2~9) clusters are optimized by using B3LYP method of density functional theory(DFT).Meanwhile,the binding energies per atom,the energy level distribution,HOMO-LUMO gaps,and the second difference in energy are calculated and discussed.The Ti2~9 clusters with three or less atoms have two dimensional planar structures,the typical pattern of close packing;while those with four to eight atoms have three-dimensional structures.The binding energies increase as the increasing of the number of atoms.The energy levels are apparently discontinuous in the Ti2~9 clusters.The Ti7 cluster is the most stable structure.The Fermi level increases with the atoms up to seven and the energy gaps decrease gradually,close to the energy feature of bulk metals.


Histoplasmosis has emerged as an important opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised patients. Histoplasma is a dimorphic fungus that primarily involves lung and the environmental reservoir is soil. Although several cases of histoplasmosis have been reported in India but cytological diagnosis was made in a few cases. We are presenting two cases of histoplasmosis diagnosed on fine‐needle aspiration cytology. In the first case, pulmonary histoplasmosis was diagnosed on transbronchial needle aspiration of lung in a 41‐year‐old immunocompetent male, while second case was of disseminated histoplasmosis in 40‐year‐old immunocompromised female diagnosed on cytology of cervical lymph node. FNAC is a simple, safe, and rapid technique to establish the initial diagnosis, thus promoting early treatment and favorable outcome especially in the immunocompromised patients. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011; © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Human rights and fundamental or constitutional rights,two concepts derived from the Occidentals,are always used inconsistently in the many Chinese legal writings,which could endanger,directly or indirectly,the systematization and consistency of the positive law.In this article,the relation between them would be therefore clarified,especially the transition from human rights to the constitutional rights,in which human rights transform with the four confining forms —national,institutional,rational-scientifical and conventional —into the constitutional rights.The nature of constitutional rights could be resulted from this transition process.They are not only institutionalization of human rights,but also have always the intention of claiming to the correctness of human rights.By means of the reconstruction to the relation between them,this article tries to finally explain some issues in the current constitutional practice.


Experimentally, the excess domain potential of GaAs Gunn effect devices as a function of outside electric field does not exhibit as sharp a "knee" as predicted by the theoretical curves, based upon various approximations. A new approximation, based upon a nonsaturating velocity-field characteristic, predicts a softer "knee" when used in the invariant domain analysis and is closer to experimental results. The basis for this approximation, its use in invariant domain calculations, and experimental verification are described.


The living room of Zhou's House is a visionary historical space which is used to recall a "living dead" —— Shi Ping.For Zhou Puyuan,it is a spiritual need of nostalgia and atonement.But the realistic need of establishing "the most successful and orderly family" makes him rebuild his memories and create a "30-years-ago" time and space to make their families act in accordance with the norms and values of the past.As a result,the "dead" controls the "living".However,the integration of the past and present brings out the recurrence of the tragedy,and demonstrates the vulnerability of authentic memories.


The development of internet which provides hypertext information results in significant change in many aspects of life. Literature is not exceptional. The argument is therefore, since hypertext literature is presented in different mode, it must propose different kind of reading. Based on reception and reader-response or aesthetic response theories, this study finds out that there is a change in the way readers enjoy Pride and Prejudice. The process of reading become active experience because it allows the readers to take control of the narrative. The result is that hypertext Pride and Prejudice provides different meaning to the readers. The novel exists by providing not only the narratives but also informations on the narratives. The study finds out that there is a change in how the hypertext Pride and Prejudice wanted and needed. The hypertext does not come from the enjoyment in the process of reading the narratives but the satisfaction in getting the information on the narratives. It is not reading for pleasure that is traditionally offered by romantic novels but the satisfaction in the process of getting information on the text since self actualization in the readers is fulfilled.


Thus the poet of Don Juan teases us, on the cusp of its last completed canto, published in 1824, in the wake of a couple of decades of bestselling ghost-stories.2 The year before, Byron had convinced lady Blessington "that he was sincere in his belief in supernatural appearances; he assumes a grave and mysterious air when he talks on the subject, which he is fond of doing, and has told me some extraordinary stories relative to Mr. shelley who, he assures me, had an implicit belief in ghosts." yet with Byron, it's always dicey distinguishing sincerity from a performance of sincerity with a grave and mysterious air. He likes to talk the talk of ghost-story, and (the lady has just written) "likes very much to be listened to, and seems to observe the effect he produces on his hearer."3 Telling the stories is one way to effect belief, exploiting that "supernatural" genre whose force, in Coleridge's memorable phrasing, is "to procure for these shadows of imagination that willing suspension of disbelief for the moment, which constitutes poetic faith."4 Ghosts are so constitutive for this kind of procurement as to seem its spectral logic, made to order. Back in the prime of the gothic novel, the 1790s, Joanna Baillie theorized the appeal of ghost stories in relation to a more than willing audience for procurement:


1. Objectives: The purpose of this study was done to learn the Sasang constitutional distribution and to find out if there are differences in the type of diseases and symptoms according to the Sasang constitution in Japan. 2. Methods: We collected data from 366 patients who visited the Department of Oriental Medicine, Keio University and recruited 132 healthy persons in Tokyo, Japan. For sasang constitution diagnosis, they all have done SSCQ-P(Sasang Constitution Questionaire for Patients) questionnaire. and a sasang constitution specialist diagnosed the sasang constitution of them. And We classify the diseases and symptoms of 313 patients according to KCD(Korean Standard Classification of Diseases) and learn the prevalences of diseases and symptoms according to Sasang Constitution. 3. Results: 1) Among the total 498 subjects, distributional rate of Taeyangin, Soyangin, Taeeumin, and Soeumin were 2.0%, 26.3%, 29.9%, and 41.8%. Among the 366 patients, distributional rate of Taeyangin, Soyangin, Taeumin, and Soeumin were 0.8%, 27.3%, 28.7%, and 43.2%. Among the 132 healthy group, distributional rate of Taeyangin, Soyangin, Taeeumin, and Soeumin were 5.3%, 23.5%, 33.3%, and 37.9%. 2) The prevalences of 'V.Mental and behavioural disorders', 'XI.Diseases of the digestive system', 'XV.Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium' and 'feeling of coldness(X VIII.Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, NEC)' of Soeumin were significantly higher than those of the other constitutions.(p-value


Character is a person's stable psychological feature and way of act.Character may manifest in the individual,may also manifest in the community.Chu people as an emerging nationality blended by descendants of Yellow Emperor and Miao Headhunters,has the common character,as well as distinct nationality disposition,which can be summarized into four words: heroism,integrity,personal loyalty and nimbus.


The Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoES&T) operates a bursary scheme at secondary school level as part of, and within the auspices of the Social Dimensions of Development Programme, targeting the poor and vulnerable households. The major objective of the scheme is to enhance access to, and ensure high quality secondary school education for all Kenyans. The philosophy behind the scheme was to translate into reality the idea that no child who qualifies for secondary education should be denied access due to inability to pay school fees.


The title compound, C7H5ClF3NO, was synthesized by the reaction of 2-chloro-3-hydroxypyridine with 2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane. The pyridine ring and the O and Cl atoms are nearly coplanar, the largest deviation from the mean plane being 0.078 (6) A. Bioassay indicates that the title compound has a good fungicidal activity.


The present sketch is very brief indeed, as a much more lengthy discussion would be necessary for a complete understanding of the topic at hand. In this short sketch we will always distinguish the creative act from areas which are close to it, indicating both its similarities and differences from them.


The purpose of this study is to identify the important of sociable living in High-rise residential. Since city rapid development and urbanization, it is very common to see more high-rise building dominate the urban landscape. Urbanization shows the transition of people living lifestyle transformed from a horizontal community into a vertical community. Therefore, the experiences in a 'Kampung' such as socialise with the local community are slowly faded away as people lives in the capsule-like environment. As building build taller, the design promotes residents to be disconnected from street life and further decrease accessibility. The sociable living is important as it can strengthen a community bond and benefit human health. The idea of incorporate sociable architecture element into a high-rise in no longer a new idea where there are high-rise designs that integrate communal space in it. But the implemented approaches just fulfill the requirement for the attraction of home buyers, instead of value the importance of resident's social interaction and their social pattern and behaviour. The research adopts interviews, questionnaires, and observation as the methodology for data collection. The data are collected from Stulang Laut Town. From the findings, there is certain characteristic had been identified that can be adopted into sociable architecture approach such as, gastronomy activities, housing typology, and communal spaces. Based on findings, it suggested a few architectural methods that can be incorporate into the future highrise residential design, such as insert gastronomy building program, skipped lift system, vertical zoning for high-rise unit, courtyard, and plaza design, etc.


This study was carried out on two-year-old avocado plants of the local variety "Negra de La Cruz", in the Quillota area, and was directed aimed to improve precocity and productivity of this cultivar, which is heavily demanded by consumer, but very vigorous and slow to come into production. Ringing and Double Incision were performed during the first week of April, as the beginning of the autumn flush. Applications of the Paclobutrazol were carried out both in the autumn flush and in the flowering peak period in spring. A significant effect of the Ringing and Double Incision was observed on the differentiation of flower buds; however, the effect was lower with the autumn applications of Paclobutrazol. Similar results were observed with measurement of flowering on trees and intensity of flowering on panicle, evaluated in spring. Despite these observations, the highest increasing in yield were observed in the Paclobutrazol applications as well in Ringing and Double Incision plus Paclobutrazol in spring.


We demonstrate the selective coupling of a single quantum dot exciton spin state with the cavity mode in a quantum dot-micropillar cavity system. By tuning an external magnetic field, the Zeeman splitted exciton spin states coupled differently with the cavity due to field manipulated energy detuning. We found a 26 times increase in the emission intensity of spin-up exciton state with respect to spin-down exciton state at resonance due to Purcell effect, which gives rise to the selective enhancement of light emission with the circular polarization degree up to 93%. A four-level rate equation model is developed and quantitatively agrees well with our experimental data. Our results pave the way for the realization of future quantum light sources and the quantum information processing applications.


The condensation reaction between 6-hydroxy-2-cyanobenzothiazole (CBT) and cysteine has been shown for various applications such as site-specific protein labelling and in vivo cancer imaging. This report further expands the substrate scope of this reaction by varying the substituents on aromatic nitriles and amino thiols and testing their reactivity and ability to form nanoparticles for * firstname.lastname@example.com. †These authors contributed equally. Publisher's Disclaimer: This manuscript has been accepted after peer review and appears as an Accepted Article online prior to editing, proofing, and formal publication of the final Version of Record (VoR). This work is currently citable by using the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) given below. The VoR will be published online in Early View as soon as possible and may be different to this Accepted Article as a result of editing. Readers should obtain the VoR from the journal website shown below when it is published to ensure accuracy of information. The authors are responsible for the content of this Accepted Article. Supporting information for this article is given via a link at the end of the document. HHS Public Access Author manuscript Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2020 February 17. Published in final edited form as: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2020 February 17; 59(8): 3272–3279. doi:10.1002/anie.201913314. A uhor M anscript


The radiation chemistry of aqueous solutions of chloral hydrate and of bromal hydrate has been further investigated. The electrical conductivity method of Andrews and Shore (1) was used to follow t...


Excerpt Multiple myeloma, except for the so-called "solitary" type, is considered to be an inevitably fatal disease of relatively short duration and, in the main, little influenced by therapy. In r...


This paper proposes an addition to Kondratyev's theory of the emergence of innovations in long cycles. Regularities of the emergence of crisis phenomena and the concept of "avalanche-like growth of innovations" are considered. The study investigated the innovation peaks occurring in the middle of the depression phase, followed by the growth stages of economic activity after a certain period of time. Research has shown that the active emergence of innovations, which we have called the "snowballing growth of innovations," falls in the middle of the depression phase. The authors investigated and supplemented the theory of the triggering effect of depression, which is similar to the action of the trigger, which results in an "avalanche-like growth of innovations". To describe the processes associated with resonance and trigger effects, the authors propose to use the parametric resonance model and the Mathieu equation. With the help of mathematical modeling of innovation processes, a more accurate description of the periodic change in the number of innovations over time is possible, namely, the "avalanche-like growth of innovations".


Imidazo[4,5-f]1,10-phenanthroline (ip),
2-phenylimidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (pip) and
their (bipy)
 2
Ru
 2+
 complexes
(bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) have been synthesized and
characterized. The oxidation potentials of
[Ru(bipy)
 2
(ip)]
 2+
 and
[Ru(bipy)
 2
(pip)]
 2+
 were found to be 1.254 and
1.284 V vs. saturated calomel electrode respectively; the
reduction of ip and pip appears to be irreversible at ca.
-0.85 V. The photophysical properties of the complexes were
perturbed in the presence of calf thymus DNA. The distinct changes
including hypo- or hyper-chromicity at different UV/VIS absorption
bands, enhancements of integrated emission intensity and excited-state
lifetime, and efficiency of emission quenching by
[Fe(CN)
 6
]
 4-
 all indicate the stronger
binding affinity to DNA of [Ru(bipy)
 2
(pip)]
 2+
 over
that of [Ru(bipy)
 2
(ip)]
 2+
, consistent with the
greater planar area and extended π system of the pip ligand. The
luminescence of the complexes showed monoexponential decay at any
[DNA]∶[Ru] ratio. The circular dichroism signals of the dialysates
of the racemic complexes against calf thymus DNA suggest that the
complexes bind to the DNA with enantioselectivity favouring the Δ
isomers. These phenomena all suggest that the complexes bind through
intercalation of ip or pip into base pairs. The crystal structure of
[Ru(bipy)
 2
(ip)][ClO
 4
]
 2
·H
 2

O was determined; it contains the planar bidentate ligand ip and
two twisted bipy ligands with torsional angles between each bipyridine
ring pair of 5.7 and 8.6°.


Indium tin oxide (ITO) whiskers were grown by VLS (vapour-liquid-solid) mechanism, using the electron shower method. The whiskers were grown above 200 °C, and the deposition rate was above 0.6 nm/s. The electron shower controlled the size of the whiskers, and the size was 30 nm in diameter and 600 nm in length. The whiskers grew along the substrate at t 300 s.

When the ITO whiskers grown along the substrate were used as NO2 gas sensor, the sensitivity was 340, and about 300 times higher than those of the whiskers grown in a direction perpendicular to the substrate and plate-like ITO crystallites.


The study has revealed macro-level priorities for livestock research and development for the state of Bihar. Considering equity as the single most important criterion for resource allocation, the North-West Alluvial Plains should receive highest priority in resource allocation, followed by the South-West Alluvial Plains, the North-East Alluvial Plains and the South-East Alluvial Plains. However, sustainability is the core of any development programme. After incorporation of sustainability considerations, the North-West Alluvial Plains (Zone-I) maintained its prime position for share in resources, followed by the South-West Alluvial Plains (Zone-IIIB). The distribution of species-specific allocations across regions has revealed that the higher proportion of total resources (more than two-thirds) should be allocated to South-West Alluvial Plains and North-West Alluvial Plains for cattle development. Again, North-West Alluvial Plains should be targeted for buffalo development, followed by the South-West Alluvial Plains. Sheep development efforts should concentrate in the South-West Alluvial Plains, goat development in North-West Alluvial Plains and North-East Alluvial Plains and piggery development in Gaya, Nawada, Jamui, Jahanabad and Katihar districts of south Bihar. North-West Alluvial Plains should get priority for poultry development in Bihar.


Background: Helicobacter pylori infection invariably causes active chronic gastritis. Aim of the study: to assess mothers' knowledge, practice, and home-based management regarding the prevention of helicobacter pylori in Barout, Beni-Suef. Research design : A descriptive design was utilized to achieve the aim of the current study. Sample: A convenient sample composed of all mothers attending the Mother and Child Health Center in Barout Village in Beni-Suef Governorate. Tool of data collection : Tool (I) Part (I): Mothers' demographic characteristics, Part (II) Knowledge questionnaire for mothers Part (III) : mothers reported practices regarding the prevention of H. pylori. Results: The findings of this study revealed that 37.7% of studied mothers had poor knowledge levels and 80.3% of them had unsatisfactory home-based practices regarding H. Pylori Infection. Also a statistically significant positive correlation between total knowledge and home-based practice of the studied mothers. Conclusion: Mothers' knowledge, and home-based management practices regarding the prevention of helicobacter pylori in Barout village at Beni-Suef governorate need to improve. Recommendation: Regular training programs to attend women in Mother and Child Health Center to improve their knowledge and home-based management practices regarding the prevention of Helicobacter Pylori which can reduce the morbidity of the disease.


This article discusses the European Investment Bank (EIB), whose function is to increase the economic and social cohesion of the European Community (EC) by promoting regional development and supporting the creation of trans-European transport and telecommunications networks. Between 1987 and 1991, the EIB lent ECU 11.2 billion for investment in transport, a large proportion of which was invested to strengthen trans-European networks. It is estimated that the investment needs of the European transport network in the 1990s are of the order of ECU 30-40 billion per year. Such estimates do not yet allow for the investment needs of Eastern Europe, whose present levels of provision are much too low. Neither East nor West have yet made much progress in adapting their transport systems to the extent of replacing the previous ideologically motivated barriers between them by normal economic relationships. Under these circumstances, quality and selectivity are critically important for the EIB. Transport projects are long-term by requiring a significant construction period and being designed to meet demand over a long period. They require a global approach with sufficient coordination, rather than a piecemeal approach that can bring poor choices of routes and modes. For the covering abstract see IRRD 862464.


Surrogacy technology provides the possibility for families who are unable to have children. Different countries have different legal regulations on surrogacy, which leads to the creation of transnational surrogacy, and at the same time, disputes over transnational surrogacy are also increasing. As we all know, surrogacy is contrary to the public moral order in China, which leads to the issue of public order retention.Private international law, as an important legal system in the field of International law, has an unshakable position and role in dealing with transnational surrogacy disputes. In transnational surrogacy disputes, public order is mainly reflected in the legal regulations of each country on surrogacy, the determination of paternity and the relevant regulations on the ethics of surrogacy, and its role is mainly reflected in the exclusion of the application of foreign laws and the refusal to recognize the judgments of foreign courts. In the application of the law, countries have tried to find a balance between the recognition of foreign judgments and the protection of the public order of the courts. This article will take a comparative and case study approach, using the issue of surrogacy as an entry point to explore the application of public order reservations in this particular area.


This article tackles Spain experience in the sphere of state building which is unique for Europe. State structure based on territorial autonomies is claimed by the necessity to find the institutional solution of the problem of separatism and other extreme forms of ethnic conflicts and is interesting for the political elite of the majority of multi-national states. The author undertakes the attempt to reveal the characteristic features of Spain state structure and to determine to what extent it corresponds to the federative model of center and territorial formations interrelations.


Catalyst deactivation is one of the main challenges in industrial reaction operations. In this paper, a dynamic heterogeneous model is developed for the crude terephthalic acid hydropurification process. The model incorporates the effects of axial mixing and deactivation of the commercial catalyst of palladium supported on carbon on efficiency of the hydropurification operation. The transport phenomena governing equations lead to a series of partial differential equations which are simultaneously solved. The model validation is accomplished using the industrial data. The proposed model satisfactorily simulates the real process, and it is more accurate than the plug flow model to forecast the process behaviors. A decline in the catalyst particle size improves the catalyst performance; an increase in the catalyst porosity prolongs the catalyst lifetime, while maintaining an acceptable pressure drop in the catalyst bed. It is concluded that the effective control of p-xylene oxidation reactor (in terms of pro...


All-optical switching has been demonstrated in bacteriorhodopsin based on excited-state nonlinear absorption. A probe laser beam at 640 nm corresponding to the O-state absorption maximum is switched due to a strong pulsed pump laser beam at 570 nm, that corresponds to the maximum ground state absorption. We have studied the effect of variation in pulse width and in small signal absorption coefficient on the switching characteristics. The switching time decreases as the pulse width of the pump beam decreases and the small signal absorption coefficient increases. The switching contrast depends mainly on the peak pumping intensity.


One of the problems with which researchers of different domains, such as chemistry and fluid dynamics, are concerned is the optimization of coal combustion processes to increase the efficiency, safety, and cleanliness of such systems. The coal combustion process is reproduced by using complex simulations that normally produce highly complex data comprising many characteristics. Such datasets are employed by scientists to validate their hypotheses or to present new hypotheses, and the data analysis is mostly restricted to time-consuming workflows only capable of a portion of the data's full spectrum. To support the experts, interactive visualization and analysis tools have been developed by different suppliers to manage and understand multivariate data.


A comprehensive program of laboratory studies based on the non-flame mode of thermal decomposition produced much data on PIC (Products of Incomplete Combustion) formation, primarily under pyrolytic and starved-air conditions. Most significantly, laboratory results from non-flame studies were compared to those from various field tests to evaluate incinerability relationships. Measurement of gas-phase thermal stability in an atmosphere of low oxygen concentration yielded results of incinerability ranking that were far more consistent with the findings from field tests than any one of several common methods applied in the past such as those that employed heat of combustion, autoignition temperature, etc. The results of four experimental studies were presented as significant contributions to developing/expanding the data base on POHC (Principal Organic Hazardous Constituent) stability and PIC formation for pure compounds and mixtures.


Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent a call by the international community to produce and implement a set of universally accepted goals that meet the urgent economic, environmental and political challenges of our time by 2030. The paper examines Religious Leadership and Success of Sustainable Development Goals in Nigeria. The research method is descriptive, and secondary sources of data were utilized. Qualitative approach was adopted. It was discovered that few religious leaders had contributed to the success of SDGs, while the actions of greater number of them were diametrically opposed to the success of it. Federal government of Nigeria should sponsor an executive bill titled 'Ethical Conduct and Limitations of Religious Leaders, 2024; to forestall their penchant for: child abuse, sexual molestation, ritualism, monetization of prayers; self-kidnap, and fake prophecies. Each State Government of the Federation should replicate Federal government's policy implementation guidelines on the matter. These measures will act as a deterrence to other institutions in Nigeria.


This article presents evidence from two small samples in the United States and in England that indicates that male and female incumbents in the same occupations are not accorded equal prestige. Respondents accorded men in traditionally male occupations, such as architecture, mining, and construction work, greater prestige than their female counterparts. Women received higher prestige ratings than men in such traditionally female occupations as elementary school teaching, nursing, and secretrial work. These differences persisted throughout the prestige hierarchy, and were most notable for male respondents. The implications of different ratings of male and female incumbents in the same occupations for theory and research are discussed.


*† A standard lightweight fibrous thermal protection system, such as RCG-coated tile, used as a wing leading edge or nose cap, would be susceptible to excessive recession during reentry. To avoid recession and maintain the outer mold line in wing leading edge applications, the temperature capability of such a system would need to be increased to 1900-2000 K. TUFROC (Toughened Uni-piece Fibrous Reinforced Oxidation-resistant Composite) is a new two-piece TPS developed at NASA Ames. It has a higher temperature capability (1970 K) than the highest temperature capability (1750 K) tile insulation currently available, a TUFI (Toughened Uni-piece Fibrous Insulation) treated AETB (Alumina Enhanced Thermal Barrier). The temperature capability of TUFROC extends the possible application of a fibrous insulation to the wing leading edge and/or nose cap on a hypersonic vehicle. The lightweight system comprises a treated carbonaceous cap composed of ROCCI (Refractory Oxidation-resistant Ceramic Carbon Insulation), which provides dimensional stability to the outer mold-line, while the fibrous base material provides maximum thermal insulation for the vehicle structure.


The experiments have revealed two types of orientation of biocommunication activity in association of bacteria with Citrobacter spp. synergistic and antagonistic ones. Associative microbiota typical for dysbiosis, stimulated biofilm formation (BFF) and antilysozyme activity (ALA) C. freundii, and, on the contrary, the dominant (bifidobacteria) and lac-positive non-hemolytic Escherichia, isolated at eubiosis, inhibited the basic physiological functions of the adaptation of Citrobacter spp.Metabolites C. freundii being pre-coincubated with cultures of Bifidobacteria induced antagonistic activity in dominant gain by inhibiting the ALA and BFF of Citrobacter. The findings suggest that dominants "recognize" C. freundii as a "foreign" microorganism, which may be one of the mechanisms of the protective effect of normal flora in eubiosis.