The present invention provides a method configured to receive a particular culture apparatus gesture input, comprising: in response to a culture device is adapted to the posture of a user request indicating a set of culture device data records assigned to the culture; and in response to a specified set of culture device, the device is adapted to the gesture recognizer culture settings.


In a recent publication in Nature Communications by Frauchiger and Renner (Nat. Commun. 9, 3711 (2018)), a Gedankenexperiment was proposed, which was claimed to be able to lead to inconsistent conclusions with a self-referential use of quantum theory. Thus it seems to prove that quantum theory cannot consistently describe the use of itself. Shortly after, Chen and Zhang suggested an improvement (arXiv:1810.01080) which can made the explanation of the Gedankenexperiment become consistent. Here we show that the original conclusions of Frauchiger and Renner actually came from an incorrect description of the quantum systems. With the correct description there will be no inconsistent results, even without modifying the original Gedankenexperiment.


Background: Recanalization of the occluded artery is a powerful predictor of good outcome in acute ischemic stroke secondary to large artery occlusions. Mechanical thrombectomy with stent-trievers results in higher recanalization rates and better outcomes compared to previous devices. However, despite successful recanalization rates (Treatment in Cerebral Infarction, TICI, score ≥ 2b) between 70 and 90%, good clinical outcomes assessed by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≤ 2 is present in 40-50% of patients . We aimed to evaluate predictors of poor outcomes (mRS > 2) despite successful recanalization (TICI ≥ 2b) in the acute stroke patients treated with the Solitaire device of the North American Solitaire Stent Retriever Acute Stroke (NASA) registry.

Methods: The NASA registry is a multicenter, non-sponsored, physician-conducted, post-marketing registry on the use of SOLITAIRE FR device in 354 acute, large vessel, ischemic stroke patients. Logistic regression was used to evaluate patient characteristics and treatment parameters for association with 90-day mRS score of 0-2 (good outcome) versus 3-6 (poor outcome) within patients who were recanalized successfully (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction or TICI score 2b-3). Univariate tests were followed by development of a multivariable model based on stepwise selection with entry and retention criteria of p < 0.05 from the set of factors with at least marginal significance (p ≤ 0.10) on univariate analysis. The c-statistic was calculated as a measure of predictive power.

Results: Out of 354 patients, 256 (72.3%) were successfully recanalized (TICI ≥ 2b). Based on 90-day mRS score for 234 of these patients, there were 116 (49.6%) with mRS > 2. Univariate analysis identified increased risk of mRS > 2 for each of the following: age ≥ 80 years (upper quartile of data), occlusion site other than M1/M2, NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥ 18 (median), history of diabetes mellitus (DM), TICI = 2b, use of rescue therapy, not using a balloon-guided catheter (BGC) or intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV t-PA), and time to recanalization > 30 minutes (all p ≤ 0.05). Three or more passes was marginally significant (p=0.097). In multivariable analysis, age ≥ 80 years, site other than M1/M2, initial NIHSS ≥18, DM, absence of IV t-PA, use of rescue therapy and three or more passes were significant independent predictors of poor 90-day outcome in a model with good predictive power (c-index = 0.80).

Conclusions: Age, occlusion site, high NIHSS, diabetes, not receiving IV t-PA, use of rescue therapy and three or more passes, were associated with poor 90-day outcome despite successful recanalization.


Forage plants are the basis of ruminant nutrition. Among cereal forages, maize cropped for silage making is the most widely used. Much research in genetics, physiology, and molecular biology of cereal forages is thus devoted to maize, even if silage of sorghum or immature small-grain cereals and straws of small-grain cereals are also given to cattle. Cell wall digestibility is the limiting factor of forage feeding value and is, therefore, the first target for improving their feeding value. Large genetic variation for cell wall digestibility was proven from both in vivo and in vitro experiments in numerous species. Among the regular maize hybrids [excluding brown-midrib (bm) ones], the cell wall digestibility nearly doubled from 32.9% to 60.1%. Genetic variation has also been proven in cell wall digestibility of sorghum and wheat, barley or rice forage, or straw, with lower average values than in maize. Despite lignin content is well known as an important factor making cell wall indigestible, breeding for a higher digestibility of plant needs the use of specific traits estimating the plant cell wall digestibility. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis, studies of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) feeding value traits relationships, studies of mutants and deregulated plants, and expression studies will contribute to the comprehensive knowledge of the lignin pathway and cell wall biogenesis. Plant breeders will then be able to choose the best genetic and genomic targets for the improvement of plant digestibility. Favorable alleles or favorable QTL for cereal cell wall digestibility will thus be introgressed in elite lines through marker-assisted introgression. Efficient breeding of maize and others annual forage plants demands a renewing of genetic resources because only a limited number of lines are actually known with a high cell wall digestibility. Among bm genes, the bm3 mutant in maize and the bmr12 (and possibly bmr18) mutant in sorghum, which are both altered in the caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity, appeared as the most efficient in cell wall digestibility improvement. Genetic engineering is both an inescapable tool in mechanism understanding and an efficient way in cereal breeding for improved feeding value. Moreover, gene mining and genetic engineering in model plant Y. Barriére(*) Unité de Génétique et d'Amélioration des Plantes Fourragéres, INRA, Route de Saintes, BP6, F-86600 Lusignan, France, e-mail: email@example.com M.J. Carena (ed.), Cereals, DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-72297-9, # Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2009 367 and systems (Arabidopsis, Zinnia, Brachypodium, . . .) are also essential complementary approaches for improvement of cell wall digestibility in grass and cereal forage crops.


Introduction DESPITE a wide publicity in the medical literature on the dangers associated with the administration of large doses of preparations of vitamin D, (1–12) there are still many physicians who use these drugs without the necessary precautions which should be observed with substances potentially so toxic. During the past three years there have been recognized by us 11 instances of intoxication by such sterols. Ten of these patients had been given the drugs by practicing physicians who were not aware that the alarming symptoms exhibited were related to the therapy which they themselves were prescribing. The eleventh patient was one in whom we ourselves induced hypercalcemia with calciferol (crystalline vitamin D2) in an extraordinarily short period of time (fourteen days). Analysis of the observations made on these 11 patients forms the subject of this report. AGES OF PATIENTS, DOSAGE AND DURATION OF THERAPY PRIOR TO SYMPTOMS The age of the 10 patients who had been given the drug as a therapeutic m...


Abstract The principal targets for anti-chemokine therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been the receptors CCR9 and CXCR3 and their respective ligands CCL25 and CXCL10. More recently CCR6 and its ligand CCL20 have also received attention, the expression of the latter in enterocytes being manipulated through Smad7 signalling. These pathways, selected based on their fundamental role in regulating mucosal immunity, have led to the development of several therapeutic candidates that have been tested in early phase clinical trials with variable clinical efficacy. In this article, we appraise the status of chemokine-directed therapy in IBD, review recent developments, and nominate future areas for therapeutic focus.


Risk control is an important issue when commercial banks plan to carry out supply chain finance. The prior academic studies on this theme has no research outcome from the view of herding behaviour. We first address the working mechanism of different subjects in supply chain finance, to describe the features and risks. Then, according to analysis separately about the imitation activities of core business and commercial banks, we define the risks of supply chain finance based on herding behaviour theory. In this respect, we also give some matching suggestions to control risks. Our results suggest that commercial banks should take into account all the factors including appropriate industry, stable core business and mature products integrated.


Introduction: Tricyclic antidepressant have been shown to be effective in treatment of pain of varying etiology, monoaminergic system seems to be implicated in this phenomena. This research examines the role of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers on the antinociceptive effect of imipramine in albino mice using thermal model of pain. Methods: Different groups of five animals each were injected intraperitoneal by different doses of imipramine only (2.5, 7.5,15, 30 mg/kg), atenolol (2 mg/kg), propranolol (6mg/kg), or the combination of the different doses of imipramine with the fixed dose of atenolol or propranolol. The degree of analgesia was measured as an increase in reaction time to pain in the hot plate one hour after drugs injections. Results: Imipramine produced dose dependent increase in reaction time from 129% with the lowest dose to 196% with the highest dose. One-way ANOVA analysis has shown that the addition of a fixed dose of propranolol antagonized significantly the increase in reaction time to 75% with the lowest dose and 118.9% with the highest dose of imipramine. On the other hand, atenolol failed to antagonize significantly the increase in reaction time induced by imipramine. Conclusion: Imipramine has a significant analgesic effect on albino mice in the hot plate test. The antinociceptive action of imipramine seems to be of central origin and possibly mediated, at least in part, by beta adrenergic receptors, as this analgesic effect can be blocked by propranolol, a centrally acting non-selective beta adrenergic receptor antagonist, but not with atenolol which blocks only the peripheral beta receptors.


A relapse means worsening of an already diagnosed disease. The mechanism of a relapse is generally believed to follow the routes of the inflammatory cascade of the diseases, although much knowledge is lacking concerning modulation of these mechanisms during treatment. Moreover, the interpretation of a relapse is dependent on the individual situation and characteristics of the patient,1 on the quality of communication between patient and doctor, and the availability of diagnostic tools necessary for an objective judgment. Consequently, the recognition of a relapse and the degree of the relapse are based on the judgment of the patient and/or the doctor during situations that rely on both subjective impression and objective measures. The ultimate importance of the patient/doctor interaction in this setting is the consequence upon change of treatment, whereby the individual treatment schedule and experience related to side effects will have to be taken into consideration. To overcome the individual day-to-day variations and heterogeneity of factors influencing disease activity, clinical trials have included minimum requirements of activity for disease inclusion and relapse. It is therefore obvious that the basis of judgment from standardized clinical trial is different from the basis of judgment in clinical practice. Nevertheless, it is important to keep in mind that the common goal of these different situations is a solid basis for change of treatment.


The paper describes the different periods of urban-rural planning base maps produced in different ways.It shows the advanced technology and instrumentation equipments in the urban-rural planning and mapping the important role of urban and rural areas.It's pointed out that the urban-rural planning in the future,base map technologies will be integrated assembly 3S and format "Digital City".Especially 3S technology plays the important role in the modern mapping.The paper demonstrates the relationship between urban-rural planning and the urban-rural mapping.Surveying and mapping are important basis for urban-rural planning and construction work.Surveying and mapping results are the key point of urban-rural planning's underlying data sources.Urban-rural planning and the development of base map production greatly depends on the reform of mapping technology methods and instrumentation.


Objective: To assess the relationship between pregnancy associated plasma protein-A(PAPP-A) and other cardiovascular risk factors with the severity of coronary artery disease(CAD) extent in patients with chronic stable angina(CSA).Methods: A total of 146 patients with chest pain at the mean age of(57.1±8.2)years undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography were studied,there were 105(71.9%) male and 41(28.1%)female.The patients were divided into two groups,Non-CSA group,n=38,the patients' coronary artery stenosis50%,and CSA group,n=108,the patients' coronary artery stenosis50%,among them,46 with single vessel disease and 62 with multi-vessel disease.PAPP-A level,cardiovascular risk factors,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and coronary SYNTAX score were analyzed in both groups.Results: PAPP-A level(mIU/L) was higher in CSA group than that in Non-CAS group(6.3±3.6 vs.3.7±1.0,P0.001),was higher in patients with multi-vessel disease than single vessel disease(6.9±4.5 vs.5.4±1.5,P=0.011),higher in male than female(5.9±3.5 vs.4.4±2.7,P=0.021),higher in patients with hypertension than those without hypertension(6.5±3.8 vs.4.4±2.4,P0.001).PAPP-A positively correlated with the age(r=0.225,P=0.006) and coronary SYNTAX score(r=0.374,P0.001).Age and increased PAPP-A level were the independent risk factors of CSA.Conclusion: PAPP-A level was correlated with male gender,age,hypertension and the severity of CAD extent.PAPP-A was an independent risk factor of CSA.


During the last three decades, we have experienced a dramatic paradigm shift in the treatment of head and neck cancers. Instead of wide resection, concomitant chemoradiotherapy or conservative surgery are increasingly applied with radical intent in the treatment of advanced cancers for the purpose of organ preservation. Indeed, now, larynx and/or pharynx are preserved in much more cases than before with satisfactory oncological results. However, it is still questionable whether preserved organs functionate as expected. In this article, we introduce tools for evaluating the functional results of the patients with head and neck cancers. The University of Washington Head and Neck Measure and Medical Outcomes Short Form 36 are representative questionnaire to measure the general status of the patients with head and neck cancer. Voice Handicap Index-10 and Voice-Related Quality of Life are originally developed for benign laryngeal diseases, but also useful for laryngeal cancers. Blowing test, which has been used to evaluate the velopharyngeal function of the patients with cleft palate, is proved to be useful for patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancers. To evaluate the quality of life after neck dissection, the Japanese Clinical Study Group on Standardization of Treatment for Lymph Node Metastasis of Head and Neck Cancer has developed a self-administered neck dissection questionnaire (NDQ) and Arm Abduction Test (AAT).


The detection of the polarization state, in particular the ellipticity, of transmitted, reflected or scattered light represents a powerful technique for analyzing the optical anisotropy of various media such as plasmas, gases, solids and solid surfaces as well as biological tissues. Illustrative examples are tokamak polarimetry to measure electric and magnetic fields in ionized gases as well as the plasma density, monitoring and control of material preparation and processing, circular dichroism spectroscopy and optical rotary dispersion of proteins and molecules, contactless and nondestructive measurements of surfaces and very thin films, and analysis of gas and aerosol constituents in the Earth's atmosphere by polarization sensitive optical remote sensing. The established way to gain information about the polarization state is the use of optical elements, which allow the determination of the optical path difference. Some tasks need measurement of dynamic ellipticity of polarized light. This time resolved measurement of ellipticity is so far realized by transmitting elliptical light through a rapidly rotating analyzing prism in front of a photodetector or by using of a pumpprobe method.


This paper predicts the geographic distribution and size of gullies across central Lebanon using a geographic information system (GIS) and terrain analysis. Eleven primary (elevation; upslope contributing area; aspect; slope; plan, profile and tangential curvature; flow direction; flow width; flow path length; rate of change of specific catchment area along the direction of flow) and three secondary (steady‐state; quasi‐dynamic topographic wetness; sediment transport capacity) topographic variables were generated and used along with digital data collected from other sources (soil, geology) to statistically explain gully erosion field measurements. Three tree‐based regression models were developed using (1) all variables, (2) primary topographic variables only and (3) different pairs of variables. The best regression tree model combined the steady‐state topographic wetness and sediment transport capacity indices and explained 80% of the variability in field gully measurements. This model proved to be simple, quick, realistic and practical, and it can be applied to other areas of the Mediterranean region with similar environmental conditions, thereby providing a tool to help with the implementation of plans for soil conservation and sustainable management. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The photolysis reactions of cyclo-methylarsathiane, cyclo-(CH3AsS)3,4, with group-6 metal carbonyls M(CO)6 (M = Cr, W) in THF give the complexes [Cr(CO)5-η1-cyclo-(CH3AsS)4] (1), [Cr(CO)3-η3-cyclo-(CH3AsS)5] (2), and [W(CO)3-η3-cyclo-(CH3AsS)6] (3) in which the As−S ring system expands giving metal-stabilized rings of 8, 10, and 12 alternating arsenic and sulfur atoms. In this regard, cyclo-(CH3AsS)3,4 resembles cyclo-(RAs)n and cyclo-(CH3AsO)4 in its reactions with these metal carbonyls. Complexes 1 and 2 were crystallographically characterized, while the structure of 3 was deduced from 1H NMR and mass spectrometry studies. In complexes 2 and 3, the metal coordinates to both the arsenic and sulfur atoms of the ring; however, in all three complexes it shows preference for arsenic over sulfur. Bonding to sulfur occurs only when its position better accommodates octahedral symmetry at the metal atom. The main-group ring structures expand as required to fulfill the more demanding electronic and geometrical re...


Division, sign detection and number comparison are the more difficult operations in residue number systems (RNS). These shortcomings limited most RNS implementations to additions, subtractions and multiplications. In this paper, a high level description of a RNS division algorithm is proposed. A general hardware architecture of the algorithm for division by a constant as well as its application to fractal image coding are also presented.


The study focuses on setting up a laboratory-scale ballistic testing apparatus in order to investigate the mechanisms through which the ballistic energy of a projectile is dissipated by a nearly monolithic nanostructured ceramic (titanium boride or TiB) and to determine the partitioning of the ballistic energy. From the past research in our group, it has been found that nanostructured TiB possesses attractive mechanical properties such as high hardness and high elastic modulus which makes it a potential candidate for armor applications. The ballistic testing system consisted of a chamber made from compressed rubber pads with a backing plate made of steel or aluminum (on which the target sample was attached) and a rifle mounted on a rest pad at the other end. To validate the testing system, mild steel plates of three thicknesses were impacted with bullets having velocities in the range of 700 to 830 m/s. The velocities were controlled by varying the amount of gunpowder load in the bullets. Complete penetration was observed in the thin plates (with thickness 9.5 mm) whereas the penetration was partial in the 15.9 and the 19.1 mm thick plates. Two batches of nine TiB plates with thicknesses varying between 5 mm to 18 mm were hot pressed and impacted by bullets having velocities in the range of 725 to 750 m/s. Aluminum backing plates were glued to the TiB plates to help in calculating the energy absorbed by the ceramic. The thinner TiB plates had a larger proportion of finer


Investigation into the incidence of selected infectious diseases of arboreal possums is currently underway as part of research focusing on the conservation management of the threatened Western Rlngtail Possum (Pseudocheirus occidentalis), Selected populations of P. occidentalis and the Common Brush tail Possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) on the coastal plain between Mandurah and Dunsborough are being sampled in the course of the research. Samples are tested using serology and PCR assay for evidence of infection by Cryptococcus neoformans, Chlamydophila spp., Leptospira interrogans serovars, and Toxoplasma gondii. These pathogens are discussed with regards to the potential infection of possums in the south west, and results to date are presented.


With synthetic data generation, the required amount of human-generated training data can be reduced significantly. In this work, we explore the usage of automatic paraphrasing models such as GPT-2 and CVAE to augment template phrases for task-oriented dialogue systems while preserving the slots. Additionally, we systematically analyze how far manually annotated training data can be reduced. We extrinsically evaluate the performance of a natural language understanding system on augmented data on various levels of data availability, reducing manually written templates by up to 75 percent while preserving the same level of accuracy. We further point out that the typical NLG quality metrics such as BLEU, utterance similarity, or utterance perplexity, are not suitable to assess the intrinsic quality of NLU paraphrases, and that public task-oriented NLU datasets such as ATIS and SNIPS have severe limitations.


How to identify drainage oil effectively is an important content of the food safety detection. The progress of drainage oil domestic relevant identification technique was reviewed,in order to provide useful reference for the study of drainage oil identification technology.


This paper described the isolation and identification of the dextran- producting strain GXMY-1. It was isolated fromthe sugarcane juice, and was identified to be one Species of Leuoconostoc Mesenteroieds . The primary fermentation-conditionsto produce dextran were studied. The results were: inoculating quantity 10%, flask content 50ml/250ml , pH7.0, temperature 25℃, rotation speed 170r/min,and fermentation time 26h. The conversion rate could reach 78% under the conditions.


The estimation of the nucleation kinetics of protein using a predictive model will greatly help in reducing the number of parameters for protein nucleation studies. In this paper a Fuzzy Inference Model has been developed using the observed data for nuclear kinetics. The model was trained using neuro fuzzy inference system. The results obtained from the fuzzy model were compared with the experimentally observed values from the data collected. Results show that a better fit can be obtained using the fuzzy logic technique and the nucleation kinetics can be very well estimated at the conditions studied.


Abstract  Carbon isotope fluctuations of sedimentary organic matter along the two geological traverses in the Yezo Group, Hokkaido, northern Japan, elucidate a detailed chemostratigraphy for the Cenomanian Stage on the northwestern Pacific margin. Visual characterization of the kerogen from mudstone samples shows that the major constituents of sedimentary organic matter originated as terrestrial higher plants. The atomic hydrogen/carbon ratios of the kerogen suggest that the original δ13C values of terrestrial organic matter (TOM) have not been affected significantly by thermal diagenesis. The patterns in two δ13CTOM curves are similar and independent of changes in lithology and total organic carbon contents, which suggests that TOM was mixed sufficiently before the deposition in the Yezo forearc basin for the δ13C composition having been homogenized. In addition, this implies that the Hokkaido δ13CTOM profiles represent the averaged temporal δ13C variations of terrestrial higher‐plant vegetation in the hinterlands of northeast Asia during Cenomanian time. Three shorter‐term (ca. 0.1 my duration) positive‐and‐negative δ13CTOM fluctuations of ∼1‰ are present in the Lower to Middle Cenomanian interval in the Yezo Group. On the basis of the age‐diagnostic taxa (ammonoids, inoceramids and planktic foraminifers), these discrete δ13CTOM events are interpreted to be correlated with those in the δ13C curves of pelagic carbonates from European basins. The correlation of δ13C events between the European and Yezo Group sections suggests that the shorter‐term δ13C fluctuations in Cenomanian ocean‐atmosphere carbon reservoirs are useful for global chemostratigraphic correlation of marine strata. In particular, the correlation of δ13C fluctuations of the so‐called 'Mid‐Cenomanian event' (MCE) implies: (i) the δ13C variations of global carbon reservoir during the MCE are precisely recorded in the δ13CTOM records; and (ii) the MCE δ13CTOM event is an efficient chronostratigraphic index for the Lower/Middle Cenomanian boundary of the Mid‐Cretaceous sequences.


Introduction : Serum transaminases rose significantly in 7 patients with chronic hepatitis C, genotypes 2 and 3, who were treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin.

Methods : 219 patients with chronic hepatitis C, genotypes 2 and 3, were treated between 2005 and 2011 following the same protocol. For the 7 patients presented in this paper, the initial liver screen revealed chronic hepatitis C infection only. The same liver screen was repeated following the transaminase rise during the treatment period and failed to reveal additional comorbidity.

Results : 5 male and 2 female patients with chronic hepatitis C experienced a rise in serum transaminases after commencement on treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. They all achieved rapid and end of treatment virological responses. 3 of the patients achieved sustained virological response and 4 relapsed. There was no evidence to suggest that steatosis, development of autoimmunity or intercurrent illness was the cause of the liver injury. In 3 out of 7 patients, the level of transaminases exhibited a downward trend after pegylated interferon was changed to non pegylated interferon. Additionally, it is evident that in those patients whose treatment was temporarily or permanently aborted, the rise in transaminases rapidly improved and returned to baseline.

Conclusion : Our experience suggests the possibility of a toxic reaction to polyethylene glycol in a small number of patients being treated with pegylated interferon, resulting in an acute hepatitic response which resolved when therapy was stopped or switched to non-pegylated interferon.


In the present paper, a new species of Sinopodisma Chang, 1940 from Jiangxi Province, China is described. All type specimens are deposited in the Biology Museum, Sun Yatsen University.


Congenital hip luxation is a disorder which evolves in time. Teratological hip dislocation is a distinct form of hip luxation, which usually appears with other disorders. These hips are dislocated before birth. In this thesis we will try to elaborate a recovery program, through physical exercises, which will help us realize our treatment objectives: diminishing articular stiffness, increasing articular mobility, increasing muscle strength, recalibration of agonist and antagonist balances and reeducating gait. The specific objectives of the study consist of the particularization of the recovery programs based on age, illness stage (dysplasia or luxation) and either surgical or non-surgical intervention. To show the importance of physiotherapy in gait rehabilitation of a child with hip dislocation we started from the hypothesis: using an adequate rehabilitation program after an individualized methodology, optimizes the functional recovery and ensures the gains of hip stability and the formation of an engram of gait as close as it could be to the normal one. We present a case of neurological congenital hip dislocation where the treatment initiated early is showing good results. Results obtained are significantly different and we came to the conclusion that starting an untimely analytical kinetic treatment and globally personalizing it to every patient has better biomechanical results for the hip.


A new chemically modified carbon paste electrode for cesium(I) ion determination based on potassium zinc hexacyan-oferrate (PZHCF) as an ionophore was prepared. The electrode exhibits a Nernstian response for Cs(I) ions over a wide concentration range from 1 × 10-6 to 1 × 10-1 mol·L-1 with a slope of 58 ± 0.5 mV·decade-1. It has a response time of about 35 s and can be used for a period of 3 months with good reproducibility. Detection limit obtained in the optimal conditions was 3 × 10-7 mol·L-1. The potentiometric response is independent of the pH of the solution in the pH range 4.0 - 8.0. The electrode possesses the advantages of low resistance, fast response over a variety of other cations. The proposed electrode is applied as a sensor for the determination of Cs(I) ion concentration in different samples solutions. The results showed a good correlation with the data obtained by atomic absorption spectrometric method.


A conceptual model of the importance of landholdings to the social and demographic differentiation which impacts on income or income inequality was empirically tested in Rwanda. Another objectives was to demonstrate the importance of a dynamic process between household level variables which results in inequalities. Data on 1019 farm households (husbands wives and adult members) in 1988 were derived from a nationwide stratified random sample of households from the 1988 Nonfarm Strategies Survey of Rwanda. Data were obtained on demographic characteristics of household members nonfarm and off-farm employment of household members permanent and temporary migration patterns of selected household members fertility/family size behaviors and plans economic support networks sources of household income physical characteristics of the farm and residence hired farm labor and plans aspirations and opinions of parents and adult children on nonfarm training and employment and the future. The family development model is based on the 6 phases proposed by Hohn. A regression model of the social and demographic differentiation variables (education of household head control over labor family development cycle and expansion adult workers in the household and farm size) on income yields: an R = .60 and R2 = .36 at the .01 level of significance. The findings confirm that farmers with higher levels of education operate larger farms and use larger quantities of hired labor. Farm size also increases with the expansion of the family as tested in the analysis of variance. More paid labor and more family labor available is related to the increase in size of landholdings. Farm size is a pivotal variable in the process of income generation. Income inequality is affected by household variations in landholdings (beta = .31) and the household control over labor (beta = .31). The implication is that lesser educated farmers may improve their income by hiring farm labor. Social differentiation will exert a stronger effect on income. Family inheritance will not be necessary when access to credit guidance and employment opportunities are available to lower income young men and women.


With healthcare fraud now estimated to be a $100-billion-a-year enterprise, the federal government has developed new tools to aggressively pursue fraud.


Phase changes of an electromagnetic wave when it is reflected from a plane dielectric is determined using the Fresnel relations and the vector diagrams of E and H . Though these equations are textbook science, their application is troublesome. Here we analyze the use of Fresnel relations to study phase changes by reflection in some of the more often used textbooks of General Physics, both in Cuba and other countries, pointing out some problems present in their analysis. The paper could be useful for professors of Optics and General Physics.


The analytical merits of laser-induced phosphorescence spectrometry for the multicomponent analysis of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon derivatives have been assessed for a prototype system consisting of chloronaphthalenes and bromonaphthalenes. By preparation of samples in low-temperature, vapor-deposited parent molecule matrices and use of laser excitation, the high resolution, high selectivity, and low detection limits that characterize laser-induced fluorescence spectrometry have been extended to analytical phosphorimetry. A detection limit of ca. 0.8 pg for 1,4-dichloronaphthalene is demonstrated, and high-resolution phosphorescence spectra with monochromator-limited bandwidths of ca. 10 cm{sup {minus}1} are presented, along with examples of analytical selectivity in the spectral and time domains.


With the increasing enrichment and complexity of network applications,network packet processing is necessary to perform in-depth analysis at semantic levels in terms of connection / session. Targeting the performance requirements of connection management in high-speed networks,this paper proposes an efficient and robust simultaneous connection management scheme. We first build an initialized connection separation( ICS) way to isolate false connections induced by network malicious behaviors from benign established connections,which results in size-controllable initialized connection table( ICT) and established connection table( ECT). Then we analyze the characteristics of accessing operations on the ICT and ECT,and apply move-to-front( MTF) heuristic to optimize the lookup operation of the two connection tables. Finally,we evaluate the performance of our proposed ICS-MTF connection management scheme with real high-speed network traffic traces. Experimental results indicate that the ICS-MTF scheme performs much better than the traditional connection management in terms of efficiency and robustness.


Non-stationary wave propagation in cylindrical composite shell is considered. The shell consists of isotropic matrix reinforced by two families of symmetrically wound spiral fibres. These families have the same mechanical properties and the cylinder is considered to be incompressible. Solutions of coupled equations of motion are represented in the form of Frobenius power series. Approximate dispersion relation derived is analyzed numerically for different shell thicknesses and fibre winding angles.


Chemical insecticides possess inherent toxicities that endanger human health and pollute the environment. Therefore, plant-derived products are being tested as an alternative ecologically more compatible substitute to explore for their insecticidal properties. With this backdrop, the present study was carried out to test and compare the bioefficacy of some botanicals with those of commercially available biopesticides against Corcyra cephalonica. Antifeedant activity and toxicity of commercial formulations of Anosom®, Derisom®, Margosom® and ethanolic extract of Argemone mexicana, Nerium oleander and Parthenium hysterophorus were evaluated. Feeding deterrence was assessed by taking the weight of five larvae at pre and post treatment and percent starvation was calculated. Derisom exhibited 85.76% starvation whereas the least percent starvation recorded in P. hysterophorus (55.19%) at the highest concentration after 24 hrs of treatment. The LC50 values of Anosom, Derisom, Margosom, A. mexicana, N. oleander and P. hysterophorus was estimated to be 0.031%, 0.022%, 0.037%, 5.54%, 4.54% and 4.49% respectively after 48 hrs. Significant differences between treatment means were determined by Tukey's multiple comparison tests. The present study revealed that plant extracts have feeding deterrent and toxic effects which are compare favourable to that of commercial biopesticides currently in use and thus they have the potential for development as commercial insecticides.


The optimum parameters of impregnation of reinforcing basalt fibre filler by phenol–formaldehyde resins of grades BZh-3, LBS-20, and SFZh-302, and also by binders modified with epoxy resin ED-20, have been determined. The pultrusion process is one of the main ways to produce reinforced profiles of different cross-section from polymer composites with a continuous filler [1]. It includes a number of individual process stages combined into a single continuous production cycle: application, impregnation, squeezing out, drying, and curing of the binder. The process is conducted in a continuous dynamic regime, which requires the coordination of individual process stages both in terms of the values of the parameters and in terms of time. Mathematical modelling of the process in a dynamic impregnation, drying, and curing regime presents considerable difficulties and is a separate problem that will not be considered in the present article. The main stage of the pultrusion process is impregnation. The reinforcing fibre filler is delivered at a certain speed into the impregnation bath, which is filled with polymer binder, and is coated with the polymer binder. In the process of application, the binder begins to fill the internal pores (interfibre space) of the fibre filler, and also coats the filler with a layer of certain thickness. A more detailed examination of the process of binder application to reinforcing filler was given in reference [2]. Known equations [1] for solving the impregnation problem – the Darcy and Washburn equations – require knowledge of values of the corresponding constants, which, for the given form of reinforcing filler, can be determined only experimentally. The main parameters for solving the impregnation problem are the characteristics of the fibre filler (the density, porosity, and structural parameters of the fibre), the surface tension and the rheological characteristics of the polymer binder, and the parameters of the pultrusion process (temperature, pressure, speed, and time). As reinforcing filler, we used ground roving of complex basalt strands with an elementary strand diameter of 13 μm and a linear density of 2520 tex, treated with oil KV-02, with 60 twists per 1 mm of roving, produced according to the TU 5952-001-13307094-04 specifications (notation NRB 13-2520-KV-02(0-60)). The specific tensile load for roving with an elementary strand diameter of 13 μm is at least 500 mN/tex (gf/tex). Roving treated with oil KV-02 is compatible with epoxy, phenolic, epoxyphenolic, melamine, and acrylate resins. As binders, we used liquid resol phenol–formaldehyde resins (PFRs) of three grades: LBS-20, SFZh-01, and BZh-3. Table 1 presents the main characteristics of the PFRs used. In order to select and substantiate the temperature regime for impregnation, an investigation was made of the dependence of PFR viscosity on temperature and content of modifying additive, in the present case epoxy resin ED-20. Binder viscosity was determined by the standard method on a Brookfield rotation viscometer [3]. Figures 1 to 4 show the dependences of PFR viscosity


Background: Early diagnosis of endocarditis has been a clinical challenge, especially with prosthetic valve endocarditis. We have previously shown that maltodextrin-based imaging probes are interna...


The basic objective of developing an evacuation model is to supply the user with valid and valuable information on which conclusions concerning the safe evacuation from a building can be drawn. Several evacuation models have been developed over the last 15 years. In our opinion, many of these models are too narrowly focused, perhaps not meeting the needs of the decision maker.

This paper discusses the objectives of evacuation studies and the selection of a suitable modelling technique relative to these objectives. We show that many different approaches to evacuation modelling are appropriate for different types of studies. In the discussion about different existing models and solution techniques, we present some of the basic philosophy lying behind the simulation model EVACSIM.

EVACSIM has been developed to meet the need for an evacuation model that can combine knowledge about human behaviour with the ability to perform large-scale simulations of network processes. EVACSIM treats people as individuals and it has the capacity to collect any information of interest (in principle) regarding their movements, their exposure to potential accident effects and their time to exit the different parts of the structure. The role of an evacuation model in an evacuation analysis is also discussed.


On the basis of the experience and data gained during breast-feeding situation assessment process (see Part II) the major activities of the breast-feeding promotion programme were identified as follows: 1. Training of health workers which aims the revision and change of practices in health services responsible for mother and child care. 2. Education of population about advantages of breast milk and breast-feeding management. The detailed project of the implementation of the programme on the national scale was presented.


When the building responses by earthquakes, the additional overturning moment the gravity load of the building produces as horizontal displacement increases. This influence called P-Δ effect is generally remarkable when the base shear coefficient is small. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the P-Δ effect on the horizontal deformation of ordinary high-rise buildings by earthquake response analysis using three types of input seismic motions (sweep wave, earthquakes specified in the notification and recorded seismic waves), and to derive response evaluation formula considering the P-Δ effect. The induced evaluation formula induced theoretically showed excellent compatibility with analytical response results.


Diaminomethylenehydrazones of cyclic ketones 1–5 reacted with ethyl N-cyanoimidate (I) at room temperature or with bis(methylthio)methylenecyanamide (II) under brief heating to give directly the corresponding spiro[cycloalkane[1′,2′,4′]triazolo[1′,5′,-a][1′,3′-5′]triazine] derivatives 7–12 in moderate to high yields. Ring-opening reaction of the spiro[cycloalkanetriazolotriazine] derivatives occurred at the cycloalkane moiety upon heating in solution to give 2-alkyl-5-amino[1,2,4]triazolotriazines 13–16. Diaminomethylenehydrazones 17–19, of hindered acyclic ketones, gave 2-methyl-7-methylthio[1,2,4]-triazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazines 21–23 by the reaction with II as the main products with apparent loss of 2-methylpropane from the potential precursor, 2-tert-butyl-2-methyl-7-methylthio[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]-[1,3,5]triazines 20, in good yields. In general, bis(methylthio)methylenecyanamide II was found to be a favorable reagent to the one-step synthesis of the spiro[cycloalkanetriazolotriazine] derivatives from the diaminomethylenehydrazones. The spectral data and structural assignments of the fused triazine products are discussed.


Graph-Partitioning problems occur in a wide range of applic ations. The task is to divide the vertices of a graph in equally sized parts such tha t as few edges as possible are crossing the boundaries. The calculation of an optimal r esult is NP-complete. We show a new strategy to derive upper bounds on the bisection width of graphs with regular degree. It gives optimal upper bounds for very s mall 3-regular graphs and also the best known asymptotic upper bound for large 3-re gular graphs. The PARTY Graph-Partitioning library includes several par titioning methods of different character. It has successfully been used in many a pplic tions and we will describe some of them. Lately, multilevel strategies are in cluded to PARTY to allow an efficient partitioning of very large graphs. Especially f ast matching algorithms which result in matchings with a high edge weight are used for this purpose. On this background, a new approximation algorithm for maxim um weighted matching in general edge-weighted graphs has been develope d. It calculates a matching with an edge weight of at least 1/2 the edge weight of a maxi um weighted matching. Its time complexity isO(jEj), wherejEj is the number of edges in the graph. This improves over the previously known 1/2-approxi mat on algorithms for maximum weighted matching which require O(jEj log(jVj)) steps, wherejVj is the number of vertices.


A puzzle about morality and prudential rationality is that we want to always act both morally and rationally (i.e., prudentially) but sometimes we cannot. Many contemporary Western philosophers try to solve the puzzle by showing that morality and prudential rationality are always consistent or showing that one is always superior to the other, but, as I shall argue, this is impossible. I try to show that the incommensurability between the grounds of moral reasons and agent-relative reasons makes objective comparison between the powers of the two kinds of reasons impossible. Therefore we cannot prove that morality and prudential rationality are always consistent or that one is always superior to the other. If we still want to determine what the agent has most reason to do when the two sorts of reasons conflict in a particular situation, what we can do, at most, is to appeal to reflective public opinion, which is justified by intuitions of the majority of the rational people in a community who really understand the relevant situation.


The invention relates to a master model (1) defining a useful surface of complex shape, in particular for the molding of boat or ship hulls, comprising a set of pairs (2a, 2b, 2c ...) juxtaposed, each pair (2a , 2b, 2c ...) comprising a panel having at least a relevant edge (8), the pairs (2a, 2b, 2c ...) are arranged parallel to each other and kept integral with each other with predetermined spacings and so that their useful edges (8) form the desired useful surface. The panel of each pair (2a, 2b, 2c ...) has at least one slot (10) forming a through-hole in the thickness and non-through, and the pairs (2a, 2b, 2c ...) are secured by at least one spar (3, 3a, 3b ...) which is adapted to be threaded (6) along its length (L) through the slots (10) of the pairs and which comprises notches (11) transverse of reception and retention of pairs (2a, 2b, 2c ...), each notch (11) being arranged to accommodate the favor of translation (7) transverse relative to the side member relative couples, the relevant part of the panel of each pair (2a, 2b, 2c ...).


THE CANADIAN SYSTEM of protective tariffs has long been known as the National Policy. Professor Underhill describes this designation as a stroke of genius.1 We gladly bow to the judgment of Professor Underhill, with one proviso, namely, that we may regard this description of the protective system as a stroke of political genius, and not necessarily as genius in the abstract and absolute. No one can doubt the political sagacity of the appeal made to the Canadian electorate in 1878 which claimed for the Conservatives an exclusive proprietary right to the formula for nation building. In retrospect we can readily recognize the contribution of the protective system to the creation of the Canadian nation. We are, nevertheless, by no means able to identify the protective system as the only nation-building instrument of the past century of Canadian history. Professor Underhill does not, of course, attribute to Sir John A. Macdonald the genius which he finds implicit in the designation of the protective system as the National Policy. This indicates the exercise of proper caution, for it is clear that Macdonald displayed little originality in thus describing the tariff system. Many years ago Professor O. D. Skelton stressed the evolutionary nature of the concept of the National Policy and referred to the term as "a phrase which Rose devised, Hincks stamped with his approval, and Macdonald made current."2


Capsule Although necessarily based on a small number of samples, comparisons of molecular data from the newly established Great Spotted Woodpecker populations in Ireland with those in Britain and continental Europe revealed that Britain was the more likely source area of the Irish populations.


The conception of marriage affects people's marriage and family life.30 years of reform and opening up,as the parties,Face the impact of the reasons that led to the concept of marriage in particu-lar young people from the traditional concept of marriage to the modern transition from closed to open to change from one dollar to the yuan change.This article hill to fell trees County Township rural youth,for example,rural youth to explore the concept of marriage in view of the spouse,the concept of chastity,marriage customs concept,the concept of birth,as well as the concept of equality between men and women.


A MECHANISTIC MODEL OF MULTIDECADAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY by Tyler Plamondon University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2015 Under the Supervision of Dr. Sergey Kravtsov This thesis addresses the problem of multidecadal climate variability by constructing and analyzing the output of a mechanistic model for the Northern Hemisphere's multidecadal climate variability. The theoretical backbone of our modeling procedure is the so-called "stadium-wave" concept, in which interactions between regional climate subsystems are thought to result in a phase-space propagation of multidecadal climate anomalies across the hemispheric and global scales. The current generation of comprehensive climate models do not appear to support the "stadium wave," which may indicate that either the models lack the requisite physics, or that the "stadium wave" itself is an artifact of statistical analyses used to identify it. This research aims to construct a process model that captures realistic multidecadal teleconnections between well known climatic indices, namely the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), and El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indices. The model is shown to predict some major components of the observed temporal structure within this climate-index network, in particular the maximum positive correlation between AMO and PDO at a +15 year lag, maximum anti-correlation between AMO and NAO at a lag of -10 years, and a peak positive correlation between the latter two indices at a +20 year lag, as well as the maximum anti-correlation between NAO and PDO at a lag of around +30 years. Future work will include exploring the model's parametric dependencies and physical feedback mechanisms leading to this behavior.


: With the improvement of people's living standards and the development of society, art has also achieved great development. China's contemporary expressive oil painting is an art form formed in the process of art development. As a traditional art in China, folk art promoted the social development at that time in a specific historical period. Contemporary oil painters have made great breakthroughs in artistic creation by innovating artistic styles and themes and starting from folk art. Expressionist oil painting reflects the painter's criticism of reality and strong personal emotion, without any disguise. Many contemporary artists have seen this. Chinese young artists actively understand the connotation of folk art and more intuitively express their inner world, which also provides an opportunity for the all-round development of contemporary expressive oil painting. There are many common factors between Chinese folk art and contemporary expressive oil painting in seeking the expression of simple and concise ideas. This requires oil painters to draw nutrition from the color, modeling and thinking of folk art in the creation of contemporary expressive oil painting.


ABSTRACT Taking into account the space inhomogeneity of the light electromagnetic wave, a new quantum mechanical expression for the natural optical activity (NOA) of electron transitions has been obtained, which is consistent with the phenomenological theory. It is shown that properties of the NOA of parity forbidden f–f transitions substantially differ from those of allowed transitions. The experimentally observed large NOA of the f–f transitions and extremely large (close to unity) NOA of vibrational repetitions of the f–f transitions are qualitatively explained on the basis of the obtained theoretical expression.


ABSTRACT The evidence that can be found in support of Michael Tratner's account of literary modernism as an aesthetic formal consequence of the heights of political collectivism reached in the 1910s is substantial, but much of this evidence is also amenable to a reading of modernism as originating instead with the impact of the arrival of cinema as a popular institution at exactly the same time. This article looks at the trope of "vibratory seeing" in a number of modernist fictional and critical statements to compare cinema and collectivist aesthetics as causes of this peculiarly modernist permutation of visual sensation. It asks whether this trope indicates a compulsion to attend to a collectivist mass mind which the author is unable to influence or even speak for but which s/he nonetheless must engage with, as it is perceived as the only force capable of spontaneous social change, or whether it represents the new philosophical provocations enacted by cinema's unique linguisticity, its mute enunciations, its mode of temporality and its world of object relations.


The electrical system on Gotland, owned by Gotlands Energiverk AB (GEAB) has normally no production except for wind power. The power is provided from the mainland with a peak load of approximately 160 MW, and the frequency is regulated by the HVDC link. The HVDC Light installation on Gotland is the first application where a HVDC link is used as an integral part of an AC system. This combined with the environmental demands and the special conditions in the weak network on the Island of Gotland makes this project a very special one that applies high demands on the performance of both hardware and software. The demand for extensive modeling to evaluate the performance and to optimize the control functions has been met by use of the SIMPOW and EMTDC tools. The HVDC Light Cable design has been proven and the environmental advantages have been fully utilized. The controllability has been used for enhancing the power quality and stabilizing the voltage in fault situations, this ability has been proven by measurements and a staged fault test. Both RI and sound levels have been measured and shown to fulfil the stipulated demands. The HVDC Light link has been in operation since November 1999 and is functioning according to expectations. The project has left the building and construction stage. To further exploit the controllability of the VSC converters a follow up project is formed that studies the more sophisticated ways of enhancing performance and interaction with the complex environment of wind power production in the weak network of southern Gotland.


The impact of the height ratio of fine-grain abrasive disks and coarse grinding ones included in a combined tool upon roughness of the surface ground is considered. There are drawn dependence diagrams of the arithmetic mean deviation of the ground surface profile in the function of independent factors of the process. On the basis of the multi-factor experiment carried out there is defined a ratio of heights of grinding disks mentioned ensuring a minimum value of the micro-geometry of the surface worked.


Real time monitoring of the environment for gas leakages is crucial in industrial applications as they involve the use of toxic and combustible gases. To ensure the safety of the personnel working in these environments, the concentrations of the gases must be monitored and maintained. To secure the environment and prevent a gas leak from escalating to disastrous proportions, only monitoring and alerting will not suffice, and there must be a mechanism in place to shut down the gas supply. To address this need, this paper proposes a smart, wireless sensor‐actuator network built upon the Internet of Things for the real‐time monitoring of the environment, detecting gas leakages and the subsequent automatic shut‐off via a solenoid valve accompanied by timely alerts. Due to the autonomous nature of the system, it is highly reliable in disaster management. The system proposed in this paper boasts easy integration into existing environments with minimal modifications, thus making it portable, efficient and economic.


The intent of this paper is to respond to refutations set forth in Bailey, Jaggars, and Scott-Clayton's paper, "Characterizing the Effectiveness of Developmental Education: A Response to Recent Criticism" (2013), which is a response (see also,COMMENTARY, pg. 18) to our initial paper, "Addressing Flawed Research in Developmental Education" (2012). However, before we go any further, we would like to take the time to make an important distinction that may not have been explicitly clear in our initial work.The Community College Research Center (CCRC) of Columbia University, established in 1996, is an organization whose mission is to "contribute to the development of practice and policy that expands access to higher education and promotes success for all students" (CCRC, 2013, para. 2). Even though we may disagree with a few of the CCRC's conclusions regarding developmental education as a whole, we do in fact agree with and support not only their mission but the overwhelming majority of their research as well. Their intent is genuine, their research is sound, and thus there should be no question of their integrity.Regrettably, organizations have cited the CCRC and others' research to promote radical changes to developmental education, such as abolishing prerequisite remedial courses and replacing them with corequisite courses, much like a law passed recently by the Connecticut State Legislature (An Act Concerning, 2012). Fortunately the CCRC does not agree with this course of action. In their response, Bailey et al. (2013) clearly state, "We do not advocate-nor do we believe that the results of our research support-the elimination of developmental education, the placing of all students into college courses, or the wholesale conversion of developmental education into a corequisite model" (p. 2).As researchers and academics, we believe in a healthy and critical exchange of ideas, and it is in this spirit that we wish to simultaneously support our colleagues at the CCRC yet add to this important dialogue. The following comments therefore attempt to define our disagreements more clearly so that readers may be more informed about our position. More importantly, with this paper and others, we hope students, parents, educators, legislators, and researchers can learn about and build upon the corpus of community college research so that all constituents can accomplish and maintain the shared goal of student success at the postsecondary level.A Basic RDD Flaw: What the Treatment Should AccomplishThe CCRC's researchers have contributed to and continually reference a body of work they rely upon to argue that developmental education is ineffective overall for students in community colleges and four-year institutions. One problem with this assessment is that it defines developmental education exclusively in terms of remedial courses. Scholars in the field (Arendale, 2012; Boylan, 1999) generally define developmental education as the integration of courses and academic support services guided by the principles of adult learning and development. However, criticisms leveled against developmental education may instead actually focus only on remedial courses, which may or may not be guided by the principles of adult learning and development. It is incorrect, therefore, to say that developmental education as a whole is ineffective.Nevertheless, their sole evidence for claims of remediation's inefficacy are the results from quasi-experimental analyses of various longitudinal datasets. These studies are called regression discontinuity design (RDD) studies, and since approximately seven or eight RDD studies from varying levels of cutoffs show mostly null or negative results, then the CCRC argues that developmental education has no positive effect overall. We previously addressed their use of what we believe to be an incorrect definition of success. The CCRC's response dismissed our definition and reasserted their original position. …


Volcanic rocks in island-arc environment are letters from the mantle wedge, by which we could estimate the physico-chemical characteristics of magma source regions; melting phase relations for basalts can give information about P-T conditions of magma generation (e.g., TATSUMI et al., 1983); the trace elements and isotope geochemistry of basalts can give constraints on compositions of the source mantle (e.g., NOHDA and WASSERBURG, 1981; MINSTER and ALLEGRE, 1978). On the basis of these data from island-arc basalts, TATSUMI (1986) demonstrates a model for magma genesis in subduction zones. Compositions of the magma source, on the other hand, would be determined by the following four factors, namely the initial composition of the mangle wedge before subduction, the input from the slab, the transportation of mantle materials by the induced convection, and the process of magmatic extraction. For deeper understandings of subduction zone magma genesis, thus, we should take into account for compositional variations through time in the source region. Recent paleomagnetic studies have given strong constraints on the geotectonic development of the Japanese Islands; Northeast Japan was subjected to the counter-


The structure of the fast lithium-ion conducting garnets Li5La3M2O12 (M = Ta, Nb) reveals Li+ on both tetrahedral and octahedral sites and suggests that the latter are responsible for the observed Li+ mobility via a clustering mechanism.


pressure in toluene using Cp2ZrCl2/methylaluminoxane catalyst system. The effects of operating conditions including polymerization temperature, monomer feed composition, catalyst/cocatalyst molar ratio and reaction time (as mean residence time of the catalyst system in reactor) on kinetics of the copolymerization is investigated. The catalyst activity seems to increase with a decrease in catalyst concentration but decreasing with either propylene/ethylene molar ratio in feed or with reaction temperature. Chain transfer to propylene is shown to be the main reason for catalyst deactivation. The rate-time profiles are also shown to be of decaying character after passing a maximum indicating that the deactivation of active growing centre occurs as soon as the catalyst components are mixed in the presence of monomer mixture. Ahmad Hajizadeh1, and Kazem Sobhanmanesh1


Congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) is a rare and serious disease of infants, which is due to a genetic and or an infectious cause. First case is an 11-week old baby, a completely worked-up case which includes the tetrad of clinical manifestations (neurological, gastro-intestinal and renal), virological findings (positive CMV antibody and DNA PCR), histo-pathological findings and novel genetic mutation (c.712+1G>C) in NPHS 1 gene. On the contrary, the second case is an 8-week old baby with isolated renal involvement of CMV infection. CMV IgM was positive but CMV DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was negative. Parents were unwilling to do a genetic work up. In the first case partial remission of renal symptoms were achieved with Ganciclovir in four weeks, but she succumbed due to sepsis after being followed up for 730 days. The pediatrician of the second child skipped Ganciclovir and gave four weeks steroid trial. Due to absence of remission, renal biopsy was done and Tacrolimus was started. No recurrence of proteinuria was observed during the 14-month follow-up period. The need of anti-CMV therapy in isolated renal involvement of congenital CMV infection is questionable as the insult to the kidney has already occurred. It also highlights the dilemma perceived by a pediatrician, in starting anti-CMV therapy when CMV IgM antibodies are positive but CMV DNA PCR result is negative. This paper emphasizes the importance of performing a genetic test in every case of CNS to rule out any hereditary causes. Background Nephrotic syndrome presenting within first three months of life is defined as congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS). It can be caused by genetic defects in structural proteins that form the glomerular filtration barrier or secondary to infections like congenital syphilis, toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) which disrupt the podocytes and/or the basement membrane.1 Till 2020, only four completely worked up CMV IgM positive CNS cases were reported globally signifying the low incidence of detection.2 We present the case of two infants with congenital CMV infection and nephrotic syndrome, one of whom one received anti-CMV therapy while the other did not, and both of them experienced proteinuria remission.

https://www.pediatriconcall.com/articlepdf/Article_0_Is Cytomegalovirus a Partaker or a By-stander in Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome.pdf


Resummation techniques are essential for high-precision phenomenology at current and future high-energy collider experiments. Perturbative computations of cross sections often suffer from large logarithmic corrections, which must be resummed to all orders to restore the reliability of predictions from first principles. The precise understanding of the all-order structure of field theories allows for fundamental tests of the Standard Model and new physics searches. In this white paper, we review recent progress in modern resummation techniques and outline future directions. In particular, we focus on the resummation beyond leading power, the joint resummation of different classes of logarithms relevant for jets and their substructure, small-$x$ resummation in the high-energy regime and the QCD fragmentation process in the small-$z_h$ limit.


Radio dynamic zones (RDZs) are geographical areas within which dedicated spectrum resources are monitored and controlled to enable the development and testing of new spectrum technologies. Real-time spectrum awareness within an RDZ is critical for preventing interference with nearby incumbent users of the spectrum. In this paper, we consider a 3D RDZ scenario and propose to use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with spectrum sensors to create and maintain a 3D radio map of received signal power from different sources within the RDZ. In particular, we introduce a 3D Kriging interpolation technique that uses realistic 3D correlation models of the signal power extracted from extensive measurements carried out at the NSF AERPAW platform. Using C-Band signal measurements by a UAV at altitudes between 30 m-110 m, we first develop realistic propagation models on air-to-ground path loss, shadowing, spatial correlation, and semi-variogram, while taking into account the knowledge of antenna radiation patterns and ground reflection. Subsequently, we generate a 3D radio map of a signal source within the RDZ using the Kriging interpolation and evaluate its sensitivity to the number of measurements used and their spatial distribution. Our results show that the proposed 3D Kriging interpolation technique provides significantly better radio maps when compared with an approach that assumes perfect knowledge of path loss.


Abstract. We address the problem of parameters identification and data assimilation for river flows modeled by the 2D St-Venant equations. In practice, available observations are very sparse especially during flood events (very few measurements of elevation at gauging stations in the main channel). We assume we have in addition either surface trajectories extracted from video images (lagrangian data) or space distributed water levels extracted from one satellite image. Then we identify parameters such as the inflow discharge or the topography and/or the initial state (depending on the configuration and the observations available). Numerical twin experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the present method for toy test cases.


The symmetric equilibrium of third-price auctions is characterized. It makes a number of contrasting predictions relative to firms and second-price auctions: bids exceed private values, the marginal effects on bids of an increase in private values is greater than one, increasing numbers of bidders reduces bids, and risk aversion requires bidding below the risk neutral Nash equilibrium. In the experiment, bidders do not always satisfy the point predictions of the theory. However, the game theoretic models correctly anticipate, at least directionally, the important effects of the price rule changes. Copyright 1993 by Royal Economic Society.


Two dinuclear Co(II) complexes, [Co2(L)2(EtOH)4]·4ClO4 (1) and [Co2(L)2(H2O)2(NO3)2]·2NO3 (2) (L = 4-amino-3,5-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole), have been obtained and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The stabilization of their crystal lattices is maintained by strong H-bonds between counterions and host framework, which lead to various supramolecular architectures. The urease inhibitory properties of 1, 2, and L were investigated, where the two complexes revealed strong urease inhibition activities. Docking simulations of 2 have been performed with H. pylori urease (PDB code: 1E9Z) to rationalize their binding models.


The thermo-isomerization of l-cis-pinane (1), 2-pinene (2) and 2 (10)-pinene (3) in the presence of synthetic zeolites (A-3, A-4, A-5, F-9 and TSZ-642) was investigated. Whith TSZ-642 zeolite, dihydromyrcene (5) was obtained with high selec-tivity (high 85%) in all converted products from (1). 4 E/6 Z-Alloocimene (10) and 4 E/6 E-alloo-cimene (11) were obtained from (2) as the main products, amounting to 86% (77:9) of the isom-erization product. Myrcene (12) was obtained from (3) as the main product, amounting to 83% of the isomerization product under the best conditions.


To assess the characteristics and prognosis of ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients, presenting between 12 and 24 h after symptom onset, in contemporary regional STEMI systems of care in the United States.


Abstract The common-sense layman's assumption would be that the structure of the languages which people grow up speaking reflects the properties of the language-samples they hear. There is no good reason to dispute that. Pullum and Scholz see their own discussion as open to the criticism that their examples are drawn from genres which are untypical of the speech encountered by young children. Accordingly, I examine the evidence of a four-million-word sample of spontaneous everyday conversation; this, too, refutes the claims about usage made by poverty-of-stimulus theorists. Widespread current acceptance of the poverty-of-stimulus idea has apparently come about not because linguists have found the contrary view empirically unsatisfactory, but merely because poverty of the stimulus is for one reason or another treated as an unquestioned axiom. A related issue is lack of negative evidence. It is true that children acquiring their mother tongue encounter only positive examples. But in this respect the logic of language-acquisition is no different from that of scientific discovery. 'Poverty of the stimulus' seems plausible to linguists who believe that human beings inherit detailed knowledge about language structure. But that belief is itself grossly implausible. The languages of the world are too diverse to be the product of an innate language faculty. If language structure is not in any substantial respect innate, then children's experience of their elders' language must be adequate for language-learning; the evidence suggests that that is so.


OBJECTIVE
The main goal of this study was to investigate how persons with symptoms of traumatization and other mental disorders influence daily policing work.

METHOD
In total, 2,228 German police officers filled out a questionnaire (28.2% female, 71.8% male). The data were assessed using Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests.

RESULTS
The results show that 14.3% of the individuals police officers encountered in their daily work had been traumatized, according to police officer observations. With respect to mental health literacy, depression was the best-known disorder (M = 13.46) among police officers, and anxiety was the least known disorder (M = 10.88). According to police officers' responses, 75.5% of the persons thought to be suffering from mental health disorders or traumatization did not file a complaint because interrogation, investigations, or legal proceedings were perceived as too stressful. More than half of the participating police officers (50.4%) recommended the expansion of specialized training programs for law enforcement personnel, and more than one third recommended an increase in collaboration with professionals (39.1%), such as psychiatrists and psychologists.

CONCLUSION
Law enforcement officers often have contact with persons who show symptoms of traumatization or other mental disorders. Their general knowledge about mental disorders and regarding traumatization in particular is in need of expansion. The additional strain caused by legal proceedings prevents reporting of criminal incidents to the police from the respondents' viewpoint. This impediment to law enforcement needs to be addressed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).


This work presents the design and simulation of the 3-bit electro-optic parity generator circuit with silicon micro-ring resonator as its base component. The micro-ring resonator incorporates the PIN diode structure to enable the electro-optic free carrier diffusion effect. Two silicon micro-ring resonators are configured, where one of them operates as an XOR gate while the other operates as an XNOR gate. The proposed circuit was then simulated by adding three digital bit streams into the circuit inputs, while its parity bit output was observed with an oscilloscope. The simulation is run at the data rate of 1Gbps, and timing diagrams are made in order to demonstrate the operation of the parity bit output logic state.


BACKGROUND
The use of nucleotide analogs (NTAs) can be associated with negative effects on renal function and bone mineral density (BMD) due to proximal tubular dysfunction and hypophosphatemia; however, prospective data assessing the bone and renal safety of these agents are limited.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of bone diseases among chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients without cirrhosis and the changes in BMD and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between patients receiving NTAs versus nucleoside analogs (NSAs).

MATERIAL AND METHOD
We prospectively collected data from non-cirrhotic CHB patients who had been treated for < 1 year in Rajavithi Hospital (Bangkok, Thailand) between 2012 and 2014. Patients with significant comorbidities or those being treated for bone diseases were excluded. BMD assessment was performed at the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN). BMD T-scores were used to define osteopenia (-2.5 to -1) and osteoporosis (< -2.5), and the GFR was estimated using the Cockcroft-Gault method.

RESULTS
Twenty patients were included: 65% were men; 40% were HBeAg positive; and the median age was 42.7 (25.6-64.2) years. Ten patients had been treated with NTAs (7 with tenofovir 3 with adefovir) and 10 patients had been treated with NSAs (8 with lamivudine, 2 with entecavir), with a median follow-up period of 1.5 years (1.2-1.6). At baseline, the overall prevalence of osteopenia was 45% and the median GFR was 94 (51-144) mL/min. BMD in CHB patients was slightly lower than in an age-matched population based on Z-scores. Changes in LS-BMD and FN-BMD were not significantly different between groups. The annual reduction in GFR was more pronounced in the NTA group (-7.4% vs. -1.39%, p = 0.018).

CONCLUSION
Osteopenia is common in CHB patients without cirrhosis. Changes in BMD were not significantly different between groups. The annual reduction in GFR was more pronounced in the NTA group.


In this letter a new solution for adaptive absolute stabilization problem for SISO systems based on the circle criterion and on a new version of passification with respect to given input and output is proposed. It is shown that the proposed conditions are not only sufficient but also necessary for the existence of a Lyapunov function of the type "quadratic form of state plus quadratic form of parametric errors" which means that these stabilization conditions cannot be improved in the considered class of Lyapunov functions. The proposed results are illustrated by synchronization of two Chua's circuits. In addition to the simple case where control and nonlinearity are located in the first equation, the complex case where control is located in the second equation is also considered. Based on the new passification result a difficult problem of adaptive stabilization with non-matched nonlinearities is solved.


Following the 2004 and 2005 bombings in Madrid and London, the involvement of citizens from Western countries in Islamist militant groups in Afghanistan and the Middle-East, as well as the more recent incidents in Sydney and Melbourne, particular concern has been raised around the development of "home-grown" terrorist plots. As a result, various strategies have been implemented which often seek to counter or reverse the adoption of radical ideologies, or seek to disengage offenders from participation in terrorist activity. This paper raises the issues around the development and implementation of these strategies, and the assumptions upon which they are based. It is argued that the related research and policy development should seek to achieve greater clarity in the objectives and terms of reference utilised; thoughtful and comprehensive investigation of the range of potential causal processes; and finally, a consideration for the wider contexts within which engagement in terrorism may take place as well as the outcomes following disengagement.


Solid-state electrolytes have become of a notable interest in a number of applications of electrical systems for energy storage and harvesting, and all solid-state rechargeable batteries, in particular. They possess key advantages with respect to liquid electrolytes such that they are non-contaminant and do not have flammable organic compounds, thus reducing toxicity and the risk of explosions, and they may also work as an effective separator between the electrode materials. An ideal electrolyte must have a pure ionic conductivity and high chemical and thermal stability under the conditions of operation and, within the inorganic solid electrolyte materials, glasses may offer additional improvements due to their inherent nature, without grain boundaries and great variability in both chemical composition and shape. There are well-known efficient ways to improve the performance of glasses as solid electrolytes through their chemical composition, e.g. by increasing the amount of charge carriers, introducing highly polarizable anions or through the use of secondary glass former elements. However, the study of the mechanisms of conduction for each system becomes a critical issue when optimizing the properties of the researched materials.


This article deals with the scavenging processes modeling of the particulate sulfate and the gas sulfur dioxide, emphasizing the synoptic conditions at different sampling sites in order to verify the domination of the in-cloud or below-cloud scavenging processes in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo (RMSP). Three sampling sites were chosen: GV (Granja Viana) at RMSP surroundings, IAG-USP and Mackenzie (RMSP center). Basing on synoptic conditions, it was chosen a group of events where the numerical modeling, a simple scavenging model, was used. These synoptic conditions were usually convective cloud storms, which are usual at RMSP. The results show that the in-cloud processes were dominant (80%) for sulfate/sulfur dioxide scavenging processes, with below-cloud process indicating around 20% of the total. Clearly convective events, with total rainfall higher than 20 mm, are better modeled than the stratiform events, with correlation coefficient of 0.92. There is also a clear association with events presenting higher rainfall amount and the ratio between modeled and observed data set with correlation coefficient of 0.63. Additionally, the suburb sampling site, GV, as expected due to the pollution source distance, presents in general smaller amount of rainwater sulfate (modeled and observed) than the center sampling site, Mackenzie, where the characterization event explains partially the rainfall concentration differences.


The "China model" which has created the "Chinese miracle" of long-term rapid economic development has been fabricated as the development model of state capitalism by the Western strategic community. The paper intends to explore how and why the "China Model" has been regarded as state capitalism in the West, which as a theoretical question has been seldom investigated in the academia. By employing the relevant newspapers, periodicals and academic literature, it is concluded that the "China model" is essentially the road to modernization with Chinese socialist characteristics, which is pioneered by the Communist Party of China since the Reform and Opening up. The cognitive differences between China and the West on China's development model are rooted in the vast differences of their respective ideologies and values, especially their cognitive differences on "democratic politics". Presently, the largest difference between the "China model" and the "Western Model" lies in their different attitudes and approaches to the relationship between government and market and that between state and society. Therefore, defining the "China model" as state capitalism is only the cognitive product distorted by the manipulation of the Western values and ideology, but it does not conform to the unique practice of the socialist modernization in contemporary China.


Differences between male and female entrepreneurs provide compelling reasons to study the latter separately. Especially in rural areas, research shows that women are a remarkable and unexplored source of the labor force. Nevertheless, few researchers have examined rural women and the issues pertaining to their entrepreneurship separately. The contribution of this study to the debate of women entrepreneurship is the closer examination of women in Greek rural areas. This research aims to examine factors that must be considered independently with recognition to the variances of rural areas with different geomorphologic and economic profiles. The characteristics of women entrepreneurship in Greek rural areas and the women's motives for the undertaking of the entrepreneurial activity are used to identify a typology of women entrepreneurs in the Greek countryside.


An innovative design of Battery Management System(BMS) for seafloor observatory is introduced in this paper. The power supply and output of multiple battery packs are controlled in the BMS based on STM32F103 as its MCU, and the main power and stand-by power could be switched automatically. In this BMS, the data of the voltage and current of battery packs and the data of each load-side are collected through 12-bit ADC, and judged and processed intelligently to make the multiple battery packs output in order of priority. The PC application software will monitor the voltage and current of battery packs in real-time, while display and control the condition of power supply.


Background Magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) is a novel, image-enhanced endoscopic technique for differentiating gastrointestinal neoplasms and potentially enabling pathological diagnosis. Objectives The aim of this analysis was to assess the diagnostic performance of ME-NBI for gastric neoplasms. Methods We performed a systematic search of the PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant studies. Meta-DiSc (version 1.4) and STATA (version 11.0) software were used for the data analysis. Random effects models were used to assess diagnostic efficacy. Heterogeneity was tested by the Q statistic and I2 statistic. Meta-regression was used to analyze the sources of heterogeneity. Results A total of 10 studies, with 2151 lesions, were included. The pooled characteristics of these studies were as follows: sensitivity 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81–0.89), specificity 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95–0.97), and area under the curve (AUC) 0.9647. In the subgroup analysis, which compared the diagnostic efficacy of ME-NBI and white light imaging (WLI), the pooled sensitivity and specificity of ME-NBI were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.80–0.92) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.90–0.95), respectively, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.9556. In contrast, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of WLI were 0.61 (95% CI: 0.53–0.69) and 0.65 (95% CI: 0.60–0.69), respectively, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.6772. Conclusions ME-NBI presents a high diagnostic value for gastric neoplasms and has a high specificity.


needs of students who will be the decision-makers of the twenty-first century. Students today frequently find life experiences fragmented and disjointed; thus they continually face the question of how to generalize from seemingly unrelated data. To be decisive they need the ability to synthesize from diversity: from television programs that provide political information; from newspapers that furnish insights into current happenings; from professional publications that offer expertise about the way business can be conducted; and from impulsive, informal conversation with colleagues that add to confusion. A quality American Studies program, then, must meet the essential needs of the contemporary student. It needs to integrate knowledge; it needs to provide survival skills and abilities; it needs to promote opportunities to deal thoughtfully with ethical and moral issues; and it needs to ultimately succeed in stimulating involvement through active participation in life-learning experiences. It is in this environment that learners can cope effectively with the ever-exploding knowledge from ever-diverging sources. The American Studies program of the Shawnee Mission School District attempts to provide a curriculum that answers these needs. Integrating traditional disciplines and emphasizing life-learning activities are basic to its approach. This program is a coordinated curriculum as well as an integrated instructional model in its approach to learning. Sound planning is the safest guarantee of an ordered and sequenced curriculum. The school district's planning efforts for a revised Social Studies curriculum involved the energies of many individuals over the last four years. Eventual revisions would affect 20,000 students in the ten junior and


The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Nuclear Energy's Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Program develops models of advanced reactor phenomena to demonstrate code applicability to challenging physics problems, drive code development through user assessment, and perform code verification and validation. Meanwhile, the U.S. DOE's National Reactor Innovation Center (NRIC) hosts an open-source website and associated GitHub repository called the Virtual Test Bed (VTB) on which computational models for advanced reactors are documented and shared with the reactor community. Several NEAMS advanced reactor models (including input files, documentation, and discussion of results) have recently been contributed to the NRIC VTB. The open sharing of these models benefits the reactor community by providing "best practice" examples using NEAMS tools for advanced reactor physics problems. This report summarizes and provides links to these new models, which include modeling phenomena important to liquid metal cooled fast reactors, molten salt reactors, high temperature gas-cooled reactors, and microreactors. This document is an overview report of NEAMS activities that have recently contributed to the VTB. Details of individual work done by the modeling teams have been or will be published in separate reports.


Giving a presentation is an everyday skill in many people's educational and professional life. However, training is still rare and expensive. Important aspects like talking speed or body language are well understood, and many good practices exist, but they are difficult to evaluate. They require at least one experienced trainer who attends the presentation and is able to evaluate and give a constructive feedback. Our aim is to make a first step towards an automatic feedback system for presentation skills by using common motion-detection technology. We implemented a software tool using Microsoft's Kinect and captured gestures, eye-contact, movement, speech, and the speed of slide changes. A short evaluation using eight presentations in a university context showed that speaker movement and body gestures are detected well while not all spoken words and slide changes could be recognized due to the Kinect's limited technical capabilities.


Rice straw is an abundant agricultural waste globally, but it has not been used effectively. Binderless boards manufactured without synthetic resins are an environment-friendly material, and they are also a possible way to utilize rice straw. However, the presence of wax and silica on the surface of rice straw reduces the bonding ability. The study objective was to manufacture binderless boards from heat-treated rice straws and investigate the effect of heat treatment on the self-bonding properties. Heat treatment was performed on chips or powder from rice straw (≤50 mm, 1 mm) at 200 °C, 1.5 MPa for 0–60 min. Heat-treated rice straw (≤50 mm, 1 mm, 150 µm) was hot-pressed to form binderless boards at 220 °C and 5 MPa for 10 min. The resulting board was 300 × 300 × 5 mm, 0.8 g/cm3. The mechanical and physical properties of the boards were tested according to the JIS A5905-2014 standards. Electron microscopy (SEM), particle-size distribution, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were conducted to examine the effect of heat treatment. The results showed that heat treatment for more than 40 min increased internal bonding because of physical and chemical changes in the rice straw.


The present invention provides a digital modulation signal receiver. Having a digital modulator comprising an input signal with two frequencies embodiment mixers IQ demodulator, the frequency of the digital modulation signal transmission frequency substantially equal to the local oscillation frequency of the voltage control signal is input to the mixer used in this type local oscillation signal generator, according to the baseband signal and the local oscillation signal output by the error signal of the PLL circuit, and a smoothing processing, and controls the voltage supply to the embodiment of the error signal generator with the local oscillation signal of a low pass filter , and this can be changed baseband signal receiver signal frequency.


How to use the commands of C++Builder 5.5 to achieve fast dynamic curve and data reports in the measuring and control system is presented in this article.The solutions of attentive technology sector are discussed and design examples are given here, which sets up a new approach for developing efficiently measuring and control software.


A pseudorandom sequence generator (PRSG) maps a "short" random seed to a "long" pseudorandom bit string. For a PRSG to be cryptographically strong, it must be difficult to correctly predict any generated bit, even knowing all of the other bits of the output sequence. In particular, it must also be difficult to find the seed given the output sequence, since if one knows the seed, then the whole sequence can be generated. Thus, a PRSG is a one-way function and more. While a hash function might generate hash values of the form yy and still be strongly collision-free, such a function could not be a PRSG since it would be possible to predict the second half of the output knowing the first half. I am being intentionally vague at this stage about what "short" and "long" mean, but intuitively, "short" is a length like we use for cryptographic keys—long enough to prevent brute-force attacks, but generally much shorter than the data we want to deal with. Think of "short"=128 or =256 and you'll be in the right ballpark. By "long", we mean much larger sizes, perhaps thousands or even millions of bits. In practice, we usually thing of the output length as being variable, so that we can request as many output bits from the generator as we like and it will deliver them. Also, in practice, the bits are generally delivered a block at a time rather than all at once, so we don't even need to announce in advance how many bits we want but can go back as needed to get more. There are many ways to use a PRSG G for bit commitment. One such way is shown in Figure 1. Here, ρ is a security parameter that controls the probability that a cheating Alice can fool Bob. We let Gρ(s) denote the first ρ bits of G(s).


A coplanar-waveguide (CPW) fed small slot dipole operating in the 2.45 GHz ISM band is presented. The slot dipole is loaded with the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line (TL) unit cells to achieve the size reduction by utilizing the zeroth-order resonance (ZOR). To realize a design that can be conveniently scaled for higher frequency applications, the CRLH TL unit cells are implemented using interdigital capacitors and inductors. The CRLH slot dipole is 28 mm (λ0/4.4 at 2.45 GHz) in length and 57% shorter than the traditional CPW-fed slot dipole printed on the same 1.27 mm thick Rogers RO3010 εr = 10.2 substrate. The antenna exhibits 1.3% |S11| < −10 dB bandwidth and 3.5 dB gain with 80% realized radiation efficiency A second slot dipole design is also carried out over a lower contrast, 1.524 mm thick Rogers RO4003C εr = 3.55 substrate to demonstrate the performance of the CRLH TL based miniaturization technique with various substrate materials.


This paper studies a class of hybrid impulsive and switching stochastic neural networks with time-delay. Using stochastic analysis theory and impulsive differential inequality theory, we establish the pth moment global asymptotical stability, pth moment global exponential stability and the mean square stability of the considered systems. Furthermore, we covert the stability analysis to solving a LMI (linear matrix inequality). Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the theoretical results.


CONCLUSION: Overall, trends in laboratory values were similar across groups. Masters runners, however, experienced longer sustained CK-MB elevation, possibly indicating greater cardiac stress. Masters runners also showed an increased number of laboratory values outside the normal reference range, indicating an increased risk for possible post-race complication. Support by: The Foundation for Aging Studies and Exercise Science Research (TFASESR) Grant.


The utility model relates to a poor measuring apparatu of wall thickness belongs to measuring instrument technical field a poor measuring apparatu of wall thickness, said poor measuring apparatu of wall thickness includes and still includes the base by measuring tool, with the removal portion of the portable connection of base and with the portion of accepting of base rigid coupling, measuring tool installs in the said removal portion. This poor measuring apparatu of wall thickness can hand with testee relative movement, convenient operation, measurable part wide range to can be to the major diameter, the loop forming element of big weight carries on that the wall thickness is poor to be detected.


The inducing factors of Tsunami is introduced and the relationships of tsunami with nuclear safety are described making reference to the seismic induced tsunami happened in the morning of December 26,2004,in Sumatra,Indonesia.Preliminary assessment is made of potential tsunami impact to our country and suggested considerations for sitting of nuclear facilities are brought about.


The ability of agile practices to scale to "large" software development efforts (more than three teams or 30 team members) has been widely debated in recent years. While a variety of inhibitors to scaling agile are frequently cited, this experience report describes how the primary challenge to scaling agile that we faced was finding the right people to build our agile tribe. The effective adoption of agile requires passionate, motivated individuals who accept change, think like a business owner, operate willingly outside team walls, and identify and drive program issues. Finding such a large number of people with these qualities is much more difficult than establishing methods to support communications, progress tracking, and other agile practices. We conclude by describing the attributes of the type of person that we believe will thrive in a large-scale agile shop.


While Aluminium has lots of unique properties and is seen as a material of the future, its production and manufacturing has significant environmental impacts. For complex and dimensional shapes cas ...