The disintegration of Yugoslavia also brought about the disintegration of what used to be its principal standard language, Serbo-Croatian. The present study looks at the attitudes of the speakers of Croatian to Serbian and vice versa, using the matched guise technique. The participants listened to the Serbian and Croatian recordings of the fable The North Wind and the Sun spoken by a Serbian-Croatian bilingual, as well as the recordings of the same text in seven other languages used as fillers. The participants were divided into several age groups: some of them remember the war years quite vividly, others only have vague recollections, while the youngest groups were born after it ended. The results show that the speakers of Serbian have slightly more negative attitudes to Croatian than vice versa. Surprisingly, adult groups on both sides exhibited neutral attitudes to the neighboring language while the most negative attitudes were found in the group of 13-year-old native speakers of Serbian. The amount of exposure to the neighboring language was shown to correlate positively with the attitudes to it. In addition, some speakers of Serbian perceive Croatian as the same variety as Serbian, but one that was deliberately changed and raised to the status of a separate language. 1. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The story of Croatian and Serbian is a truly complex one: it begins with two different literary traditions, which later merged into a common language and continues in bloodshed and largely mutually intelligible, but separate languages.21 Croatian and Serbian belong to the same language family (Slavic) and the same sub-branch (south Slavic). They had been developing more or less independently for centuries, with western influences from Austro-Hungary and Italy on the varieties spoken in today's Croatia and eastern, predominantly Turkish influence on the varieties spoken in today's Serbia. This also resulted in two different scripts: Latin for Croatian and both Cyrillic 20 This chapter was published as: Golubović, J., & Sokolić, N. (2013). Their language sounds aggressive": a matched guise study with Serbian and Croatian. Phonetics in Europe: Perception and Production, Frankfurt a.M.: Peter Lang, 35-57. 21 Even though structurally Croatian and Serbian may well be considered to be the national variants of the same polycentric standard language (Gröschel, 2003; Kordić, 2009), they are now fully standardized and internationally recognized as separate languages. Therefore, in this text, we shall refer to Croatian and Serbian as languages, keeping in mind that the situation with these two standard varieties is much more comparable to standard Dutch and Flemish, than to, for instance, French and Spanish.


This paper intends to present briefly my PhD study titled, "Moral Values in Teacher Education: Conceptions among Tanzanian Teacher Educators (TE) and Teacher Trainees (TT)". The intention is to explore some of the imperative literatures reviewed in the study, methods for inquiry and some of the chief findings in all the four objectives of the actual study. Finally, the paper presents the main recommendations of the actual study including action to be taken and a suggestion for further


Objective:To provide a scientific proof for guiding people to better supply children microelement through investigating the microelement level(cuprum,zinc,calcium,magnesium,ferrum) in whole-blood of children in Lishui.Methods: Whole-blood levels of Cuprum,Zinc,Calcium,Magnesium,Ferrum in 1428 local children were detected by atomic absorption method and analyzed retrospectively.Results: There was no statistic difference in concentrations of 5 microelements between two genders[P0.05].The whole-blood Zinc deficiency rate was highest in 5 microelements,the total deficiency rate was 19.05%.There were statistic differences in the Zinc deficiency rates of three age groups.The second was the deficiency rate of Ferrum,accounting for 16.80%.The deficiency rate of Calcium was much lower,accounting for 3.64%.Conclusion: Children in Lishui were easy to be deficiency in Zinc and Ferrum,particularly the Zinc deficiency rate of 0-3 years old children was much high.Analyzing microelements on regular and taking timely measures may prevent microelements deficiency.


Multivariable screening and response surface experiments have been performed to model ohmic contact resistance ( R _ c ) of a Ni-Ge-Au ohmic metal process for n ^+ GaAs-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). Seven variables were examined via a fractional factorial screening experiment to rank the effects of each process variable. The results of the screening experiment indicated that the most significant variables were total Ge and Au evaporated thickness, Ge-to-Au ratio, and the post-alloy cooling time. Response surface experiments were designed around these three variables to examine the first- and second-order effects. The results enabled the development of an empirical model of ohmic contact resistance from which a new low value of 0.03 ± 0.03 Ω · mm (one-sigma) was predicted. Twenty confirmation runs on the new process indicated an average R _ c of 0.06 ± 0.02 Ω · mm (one-sigma), with a range of 0.02 Ω · mm to 0.11 Ω · mm, a reduction from the previous average process value of 0.14 ± 0.07 Ω · mm (one-sigma).


In total 77 direct current resistivity soundings were carried out during a geothermal exploration survey of the Genisea, NE Greece, geothermal field. The data revealed a high electrical conductivity zone at the center of the investigated area and suggested that an anomalous heat source lay beneath the study area. This was confirmed by subsequent drilling data. Temperature measurements, from 11 boreholes, were used for the construction of isotherms that correlated very closely with the geoelectric data.


Children's life is the basement of preschool education, and it includes natural life, social life and spiritual life. At present, Preschool education is not only lack in the care for the life value of children's life, but in the understanding for children's life is unilateral and superficial. Preschool education should be lively and the life education should be the thinkable origin of preschool education.


The authors propose a method of describing and forming technical and economic level of the organization of production of technical and economic production system products based on technical and economic methodology functional value engineering. The authors explore the methodology procedures for using CAD technical and economic planning of production systems development organization of production, with the calculation of the position of "investment, cost-to-income" using the extremely problem, which describes the complexity of the system and its potential.


This paper is based on the current situation of the development of specialized cooperative economic organizations of farmers from Shandong Province,and it points out that the problems of the development of specialized cooperative economic organizations of farmers,and analyzes the reasons.Meanwhile,it puts forward some countermeasures from three measures: constructing of an interactive system for diversification;improving the development environment Support system;perfecting the supply security system,so as to realize system construction and form complete development of specialized cooperative economic organizations with sustainable and healthy development.


It is an unnegligible matter to harnessing currency shribking to normalize the wage system and establish a complete system of social security in privatefinancied enterprises. At present, the growth of privatefinancied enterprises in our country is commonly characteristic of the pace of economic development astonishingly exceeding the range of wage increase and a complete system of social security not yet established, which hinders macroeconomic development. Therefore, a system of indexized wage increase should be established to complete the system of social security in privatefinancied enterprises to totally remove the issue of currency shrinking.


This paper analyzed the characteristics and effects of the informatization experimental teaching,and several factors of the environment construction were investigated.Based on the integration of the information technique and the experimental teaching,some key questions and principles to the environment construction were brought forward.In addition,the paper also introduced the application achievements of the environment construction and the development trend in military training.


In scanning probe microscopy the properties of the tip is crucial in determining which information that can be obtained from the resulting images and spectroscopy. Ordinarily metal tips are used for scanning, however by using semiconducting nanowires as tips one would have
very well defined probes with more advanced possibilities for spectroscopic measurements. However, currently creating such high precision and advanced scanning probe tips has been
expensive and time consuming.

GaN nanowires would be excellent candidates for semiconductor tips since they can have sharp end points and are hard. A method for quickly creating STM tips from large arrays of GaN nanowires has been developed. The basic principle of the method is to apply a conductive glue to readily available blunt tungsten tips and bring them in contact with an array of nanowires. A
large number of different methods for fabricating the complete tips with the attached nanowires were evaluated. For the initial evaluation Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy was employed in the clean room facilities in Lund. Many process variables were evaluated at room temperature including glue type, tungsten tip shape, wire preparation
and method for transferring wires. Finally the yield of useable tips for the STM was found to be one out of three with optimum methods. The time for creating one of these tips was 15 minutes, a significant improvement on other methods for creating nanowire probes.

The new tips were then tested in a Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) on a thin atomically flat Au metal film. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements gave the expected current to voltage characteristics from a tunneling contact between GaN and Au. These tests showed that imaging with the tips is possible, but compared to measurements performed also with
ordinary metal tips on similar substrates, obtaining high resolution was more difficult and the tips were less mechanically stable.


A developing embryo is sensitive to alterations and perturbation in the environment, such as nutritional insufficiencies and environmental inadequacies, that could potentially cause significant ramifications in the future growth and survivability of the organism as an adult. Prenatal stress is an important etiological factor in the onset of adult hypertension but the mechanisms responsible for this are poorly understood.


ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated tensile properties and ultrastructural changes of straight permed hair using the rheometerand the scanning electron microscopy. First, we compared the morphological characteristic between the virgin hair and thestraight permed hair after testing tensile strength. Cuticle cells were heavily lifted off in straight permed hair than in thevirgin hair. Cuticle cells were separated by the destruction of intercellular membrane complex and no destruction or dam-age were found in cytoplasm. In the comparative test for tensile characteristic between the virgin hair and the straight perm-ed hair, tensile distance of the straight permed hair was decreased by 24.5% or 3.05mm than the virgin hair. The tensilestrength was decreased by 34.63% or 5.62g/cm 2 and the maximum stress by 34.59% or 56.12g. As a result, the tensileproperty dropped to the lowest level with the straight permed hair than with the bleached hair or the permanent dyed hairof previous studies.Keywords : Straight permed hair, Tensile strength, Rheometer, Scanning electron microscopy


This chapter examines soldiers' bodies to look at the diversity of cadres entering the Red Army. In the course of the war, the Red Army had to transform millions of Soviet citizens into usable components of its war machine. The immense scale of the war would bring people into the army who would otherwise never have served. The government laid claim to the bodies of these men and women, handing them over to the commanders who were deputized to use these human resources to wage war. Commanders were tasked with training, tracking, and properly exploiting their soldiers and given almost total control over their subordinates' bodies. With this power came great responsibility: a good commander was supposed to be able to turn anyone into a soldier. Both the government and its deputies were forced to reckon not only with the physical bodies of soldiers but also with the souls that animated them. This was made all the more difficult by the demographic diversity of those serving: men aged seventeen to fifty-five, women, former criminals, and almost all of the ethnic groups of the heterogeneous USSR. The chapter then provides a brief "life cycle" of soldiers in service, from induction through training to the front and eventual wounding into the system of hospitals and back again.


Six posterior uveal melanomas were karyotyped after short‐term culture. One had a normal chromosome complement; the remaining five had limited chromosome changes. Involvement of chromosomes 1 and 6 was noted in two and four cases, respectively, and three ciliary body tumours demonstrated both monosomy 3 and i(8q).


Frequency of occurrence Frequency counts of the occurrence of English verb forms show that this verb group is infrequent. The Central Institute of English count (George 1963) finds 2.6% of verb form occurrences to be the past perfect and the Ota count (Ota 1963) finds its frequency to be 0.9%. The difference between these two figures is explained by the fact that the Central Institute count used predominantly written (British English) materials, while the Ota count used predominantly spoken (American English) materials. Both counts found the past perfect to be more frequent in written materials than spoken materials. The Ota count found a frequency of 3.4% for the past perfect in written materials only. The Central Institute count did not include enough spoken material, and the Ota count did not include enough written material for a valid comparison to be made between British and American English.


We report generation of squeezed light at 860nm by using a periodically poled MgO:LiNbO3crystal in a subthreshold optical parametric oscillator. At the pump power of 140mW we observed the squeezing level of -5.72 ±0.14dB.


The present invention includes a blocking unit having a plurality of unit cut-off unit (80) (100), said plurality of unit cut-off unit comprising an electromagnetic actuator having a stationary cylinder head (201) and a movable reinforcing device (202) (80) and the actuation unit (200), means for enabling said operating unit (200) is secured to said blocking unit (100) relates to modular electrical switch device (1) comprising said modular device comprises rapid attachment means that allows removably securing the actuating unit (200) to said blocking unit (100) on said means in order to transmit the movement of said actuator, said blocking unit and held fixed to the actuation unit, actuation devices of one unit breaking unit (80) It intended 34) and to engage with at least one coupling hook (214).


11088 Background: Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β) proteins are members of a large family of related cytokines comprised of at least 33 members in mammals encoded by different genes, and which regulate a host of activities ranging from embryonic development to tissue homeostasis. The three bona fide TGF-β isoforms (TGF-β1, -β2 and -β3) play critical, pleiotropic roles in the pathophysiology of various human diseases. In cancer, correlations between TGF-β expression, disease stage and clinical parameters have been reported and linked to poor clinical outcome. TGF-β has been associated with a wide range of tumor-promoting processes, including tumor cell invasion and migration, angiogenesis, immunosuppression, as well as tumor stem cell maintenance and protection. More specifically, the TGF-β2 isoform has been reported to be a key molecular determinant of immunosuppression and invasiveness, and consequently playing a major role in metastasis. Therefore, inhibiting TGF-β2 appears as an attractive thera...


This study examined the current situation of foreign language education , teacher training and education in Korea and China. The analysis and comparison of both countries' s educational policies, problems, and improvement strategies revealed aspects requiring attention for both Korea and China. When laying down and enforcing foreign language education policies in the future, more attention should be paid to rigorous systematization of the foreign language curriculum. Furthermore, in the context of increasingly intensifying globalization, it is necessary to diversify foreign language subject options so that students can learn various foreign languages and improve their multicultural awareness. Finally, foreign language teacher training and education should be promoted more intensively to empower them with the competence and qualifications necessary to make them excellent teachers and important agents in delivering foreign language education to learners.


Synopsis : The unstable boiling-cooling phenomena in transient cooling process of hot steel bring about dispersion in steel temperature during cooling with subcooled water. The dispersion phenomena of cooling curves are resulted from co-existence of film and transition boiling on the cooling surface of steel in earlier period of cooling. This paper discusses the mechanism of this phenomena in terms of the cooling-curve shape and the average cooling rate inthe film boiling region. It has been made clear that the unstable boiling-cooling phenomena are not random but have a kind of regularity. The quench point temperature and average cooling rate immediately after the quench point are determined only by the average cooling rate in film boiling region, which is inversely proportional to the thickness of vapor film. For the transient cooling process of steels with highly subcooled water, it is suggested that the onset condition of film boiling depends on the roughness because the cavities on the steel surface have a great influence on the capability in trapping air in the bottoms of cavities. The onset of film boiling, namely, depends on the combined effect of geometry and wettability of the cavity wall. The mechanism of unstable boiling cooling can also be understood based on the initiation of film boiling.


This study aims to analyze the process of resolving the Natuna sea dispute between Indonesia and China to obtain their respective sovereignty. The Natuna Sea is one of the outermost waters in Indonesia, which is unilaterally claimed by China with a nine-dash line claim or the South China Sea. This claim overlaps with Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the Natuna Sea. As a result of this claim, many Chinese fishers are free to go in and out of catching fish in Natuna Waters with illegal fishing status. The method used in this research was qualitative and descriptive research. The data collection technique was based on a literature study and was strengthened by interviewees. The study results show that this dispute resolution process is carried out through two approaches, namely the international law approach and the diplomatic approach. Because through these two approach strategies, this dispute resolution can be achieved very comprehensively. The legal approach was taken by submitting a Diplomatic Protest Note to China, while the diplomatic approach was taken by Indonesia and other ASEAN countries within the ASEAN WAY framework.


In order to solve the problem of the mode coupling in direct force controller design, an algorithm state feedback eigenstructure assignment, which is on the bases of flight dynamics and modern control theory, is proposed in this paper. Corresponding formulas are derived. Analysis show that this method can be used to assigned the poles and eigenvectors to the desired places to satisfy the requirement of the design. The simulation results prove that by using this method the decoupling performance of the designed controllers is better than that of LQR, and the problem that the stability of the closed loop system can't be guaranteed when using output feedback eigenstructure assignment algorithm is also be solved.


The 193 nm argon fluoride (ArF) excimer laser can effectively be used to change the radius of curvature of the cornea and thus alter the refractive state of the eye. This change allows myopic (nearsighted) patients to see well with less dependence on glasses or contact lenses. The two major techniques of laser refractive surgery currently in effect in the United States are photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). This paper will discuss these refractive cornea surgical techniques.


The recent development of (Bi_(1/2)Na_(1/2))_(1-x)Ba_xTiO_3-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics was reviewed.Some useful methods to modify BNBT ceramics,such as nonstoichiometry of A-site or doping with different cations were described.Advantages or disadvantages and mechanism of doping with A-site cations (La~(3+)),B-site cations (Co~(3+),Nb~(5+)),or double cations (Ce~(3+) and Ce~(4+)) were compared.And the causes of property differences were described.This review might be helpful for further study of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics.


A 13-year-old, 81-g male cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) was presented to the Westford Veterinary Emergency and Referral Center (Westford, MA, USA). The bird had a 24-hour history of lethargy and a decreased appetite. The cockatiel was housed indoors and had no previous health issues. The owner noted that the bird was fed part of an avocado 48 hours before presentation. The bird was observed to have ruffled feathers and was quiet but alert in its cage. Body condition, auscultation, and coelomic palpation were unremarkable. Droppings in the cage showed normal urates with a scant fecal component, and the bird was estimated to be 5%–7% dehydrated. The owner declined diagnostic tests recommended after the physical examination and elected to treat the bird with palliative care consisting of crystalloid fluids (lactated Ringer's solution; 25 mL/kg, SC) and at-home monitoring. Approximately 24 hours after initial examination, the bird was again presented with progressive lethargy and anorexia. On examination, abnormal findings were fluffed feathers, partially closed eyes, 5%–7% dehydration, and a mildly increased respiratory rate and effort. Examination of the oral cavity appeared normal and no external lesions were appreciated. The bird was anesthetized with sevofluorane gas in oxygen via face mask, and orthogonal radiographic images were obtained to evaluate potential causes of anorexia, depression, and tachypnea (Fig 1).


Few studies have assessed potential underlying mechanisms related to vocational identity development. Informed by goal-setting and self-regulatory theories, this study (N = 286 young adults; mean age = 20.5 years) tested the relationship between vocational identity and career goal–performance discrepancy (i.e., the appraisal that unsatisfactory progress is being made in one's career) and assessed the process roles of willingness/unwillingness to compromise (as mediator) and career calling (as moderator) in this relationship. As expected, we found that a stronger vocational identity was associated with less willingness to compromise and fewer perceptions of career-related discrepancy and that willingness to compromise partially mediated the relationship between vocational identity and career goal–performance discrepancy. Additionally, career calling strengthened the negative relationship (i.e., moderated) between vocational identity and willingness to compromise and strengthened the negative relationship (i.e., moderated the mediation effect) between vocational identity and career goal–performance discrepancy.


With the development and popularization of internet, the virtual reality technology has become the new form for humans in social practices. Nowadays, the great change of education environment and education object will certainly promote the ideological and political education idea reform in colleges and universities. Colleges and universities should update idea, explore multiple forms of virtual reality and realize organic combination of virtual reality and ideological and political education thus to gradually form the new pattern of interaction and supplementary between virtuality and reality, enrich the classroom teaching content and give full play to the timeliness of ideological and political education. Virtual reality experiment teaching is the important content of information construction for higher education and experiment teaching demonstration center construction, and is the development direction of universities in practical teaching. In order to further enhance the teaching level and quality of ideological and political theory course in universities, this paper discusses the application of virtual reality technology in the course teaching process. Wherein, the virtual reality technology enhances the learning interest and learning efficiency of students through the learning modes of self-learning, independent experiment and self-innovation, consolidate and deepen their theoretical knowledge and obtains good teaching effect, which can be further promoted and demonstrated.


The solid state electrolyte Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 was prepared by post-calcining the precursors obtained through spray-drying method.The effect of PEG-6000 addition on the microstructure and calcination temperature of Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 was studied.The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results show that the precursors obtained by spray-drying are spherical particles with the average size of 2-5 μm.With the addition of PEG-6000,the decomposition and crystallinity temperature decrease,the particle sizes of the powders become smaller.The precursors without PEG-6000 calcined at 800 ℃ are well crystallized while the precursors with PEG-6000 are also well crystallized at only 700 ℃.


This work seeks to explore the relation between adversative and concessivecharacter from a double standpoint. On the one hand, a brief summary of all the theoreticalapproaches to the difficult task of explaining the remarkable similarities and differences amongboth is offered, as we also attempt to justify why Argumentation Theory is a suitable option forthis purpose. On the other, the 15th century is presented as a period of change in the model oflinking words used in both kinds of structures; this paradigm shift was influenced by severalfactors such as the nature of each text or its historical tradition. Our study concerns itself notonly with the more traditional sentence-centered point of view, but also with that of largersyntactic units and less explicit contents (metalinguistic and inferential levels).


For lack of vegetative cover, given the characteristics of the soil in the area surrounding the mining site in Agregados el Vinculo Ltda., located in Soacha, Cundinamarca, the project was focused to diagnose and characterize these soils, proposing a program of revegetalizacion by planting trees timber type light thanks to the kindness and incidents on the recovery of soils and the consequent environmental benefit. The study required a process of experimental analysis of soil samples and planting of timber species to observe the better performance, which in the case was the Alnus acuminata (Alder) in the recovery and improvement of acid soils, and low in nitrogen, favoring the landscape and making it productive soil.


Comparing various European and American historiographies from the past two hundred years, "Gendering Historiography" provides insights into the establishment and cultivation of gendered power relations in different societies and outlines the devastating effects that exclusionary practices can have on each national canon. This detailed and revealing book will change the face of history writing, bringing overlooked and previously excluded histories back into modern historiography.


In order to overcome the defect that unmanned air vehicles(UAVs) are easily disturbed by air current and tend to be unstable,an augmented-stability controller was developed for a certain UAV's longitudinal motion based on linear quadratic regulator(LQR) theory according to flight qualities specifications of GJB185-86 and C*.The simulation results show that the augmented-stability controller not only improves the UAV's stability and dynamic characteristics but also enhances the UAV's robustness.


For non-polymer engineering specialties such as applied chemistry or chemical process engineering,this study and discussion on polymer chemistry teaching pay attention to rational orgnization of teaching contents,emphasizing key points and distinguishing between stems and branches. Heuristic,interactive models of teaching are adopted with figurative language in classes together with accessorial informatization teaching patterns after school. Combined with appropriate practical examples,the teaching of polymer chemistry also stresses on practic applications,which guides students to be concerned about details and study in order to apply. At last,in order to improve the teaching effects and ensure the stable and steady-increasing teaching quality,a long-term feedback mechanism has been established to timely track and summarize the teaching process through periodic questionnaire investigations for roundly promoting the level of quality-oriented polymer chemistry education.


We show that a measure on I R d is linearly rectiiable if and only if the lower 1-density is positive and nite and agrees with the lower average 1-density almost everywhere.


In an annual 1995 report on Japan's Official Development Assistance(ODA), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan proudly proclaimed that the dollar value of the ODA disbursement by Japan in 1994 amounted to $13.24 billion, the largest in the world for four consecutive years. According to the same report, the Japanese ODA accounts for 22.9% of the total amount of aid given by developed countries who belong to the OECD's Development Assistance Committee(DAC). A total of 158 countries and regions were receiving Japan's ODA in 1994. Among those recipient countries, Japan was the largest donor of ODA in 34 countries in 1993 and the second largest in 29 countries at the same year. In its report, the Foreign Ministry also emphasizes that Japan's ODA is playing a significant role in the economic and social development of most of the developing countries and has been an important instrument for building friendly relations between Japan and those recipient countries. Thus, as shown in the official report, now the Japanese ODA is quite an important element of the economy of the developing countries. So it also becomes very important task to analyze the theory and practice of the Japanese ODA when we try to find further effective ways to use the Japanese ODA for the benefit of the developing countries. Then, in this paper, I would like to analyze the theory and practice of the Japanese ODA.


This study aims to determine the profile of the Saudi male nursing workforce that influences tenure in their job and their intentions in staying on the job or leaving their job. This research used the quantitative-comparative approach employing 361 nurses as participants from the three major government hospitals namely, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, and King Fahad Medical Center in Riyadh city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Results showed that nurses in the workforce perceived the lack of promotion opportunities as the main reason for leaving the nursing profession (3.92±.952) and the reason for becoming a nurse wanted to help others cope with illness (4.68). There is a significant difference found in age to reasons (F=11.51; p<001) opinion of becoming a nurse (F=6.73; p<001), highest qualification on their reasons for leaving the nursing profession (F=11.8; p<.001) but not on the opinion of nurses (F=.690; p>.502). Moreover, the years of experience of the nurses were found significant to reasons (F=5.085; p<.002) and opinion (F=4.89; p<.002). Regarding the position held, there found significant differences in reasons for leaving (F=9.05; p<.001) and their opinion about becoming a nurse (F=11.81; p<.001). Concerning marital status there found significant differences in their reasons for leaving the nursing profession (t=5.779; p>.290) and their opinion (t=1.39; p>.573). Meanwhile, the number of dependents found no significant difference in their reasons (t=2.248; p>0.38) and opinion (t=.820; p>.366). Continuous skill development and career progression opportunities for male nurses contribute to job satisfaction and, as a result, it will be the key to gaining greater autonomy for Saudi Arabia's nurses.


View of archives basis wien, Vienne © Markus Krottendorfer Are computers causing us to lose our heads? When he revisited the legend of St. Denis, Michel Serres ironically suggested that, after centuries of suffering spent obligatorily learning things by heart, we will be freed from the restrictions of apprenticeship. We now have our head—an erstwhile storage site for knowledge—in our hands. And above our decapitated neck "pass air and wind". It is true that the technologies of inclusion, con...


This research aimed to find out and to describe the cultural content of two Indonesian Senior High School EFL textbooks namely Buku Bahasa Inggris Kelas XII and Pathway to English 3 from the content of cultural information, the elements of surface and deep culture of Hall's (1976) Iceberg theory and the dimension of intercultural communicative competence of Byram's (1997). This study is a document analysis, and the writer used descriptive qualitative analysis. The data were collected by reviewing document and were analyzed based on the concept of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014) which covered data condensation, data display, and drawing conclusion. The findings showed that the cultural information in both textbooks mostly presented by elements of surface culture. This research also showed that both textbooks had facilitated the three dimensions of intercultural communicative competence (knowledge, skill, and attitude), while the last dimension (critical cultural awareness) had not been achieved yet. In conclusion, the textbooks are still providing and facilitating the material in improving learners' language competency and cultural knowledge.


We study the algebraic and geometric properties of stated skein algebras of surfaces with punctured boundary. We prove that the skein algebra of the bigon is isomorphic to the quantum group Oq2(SL(2)) that provides a topological interpretation for its structure morphisms. We also show that its stated skein algebra lifts in a suitable sense the Reshetikhin-Turaev functor and in particular we recover the dual R-matrix for Oq2(SL(2)) in a topological way. We deduce that the skein algebra of a surface with n boundary components is a comodule-algebra over Oq2(SL(2)) and prove that cutting along an ideal arc corresponds to Hochshild cohomology of bicomodules. We give a topological interpretation of braided tensor product of stated skein algebras of surfaces as glueing on a triangle ; then we recover topologically some bialgebras in the category of Oq2(SL(2))-comodules, among which the transmutation of Oq2(SL(2)). We also provide an operadic interpretation of stated skein algebras as an example of a geometric non symmetric modular operad . In the last part of the paper we de ne a reduced version of stated skein algebras and prove that it allows to recover Bonahon-Wong's quantum trace map and interpret skein algebras in the classical limit when q → 1 as regular functions over a suitable version of moduli spaces of twisted bundles.


With the new Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (PoWR) hydrodynamic atmosphere models we have obtained the rst fully self-consistent wind models for WR stars. We nd that WR-type mass loss is initiated when stars approach the Eddington limit. For the most massive stars this happens already at the end of their main-sequence lifetime, i.e. still in the H-burning phase. Less massive objects enter the Wolf-Rayet stage after the onset of He-burning. From spectral analyses with hydrodynamic models we estimate the masses of two extremely luminous, H-rich WNL stars in Carina OB 1. With present masses of at least 80{100 M , these stars are the direct descendants of the most massive stars in the galaxy.


Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonators serve as frequency-selective components in applications ranging from biology to communications. In this paper, the dynamic behavior of an RF MEMS disk resonator is formulated using an analytical method. The resonator is simultaneously subjected to a DC-bias voltage superimposed with an ac harmonic voltage applied across the electrode-to-resonator gap. The governing equation of motion is derived by minimization of the Hamiltonian and generalized to include the viscous damping effect. Periodic solutions are determined by means of a shooting method and their stability is investigated by determining the well-known Floquet exponents of the perturbed motions. The influence of intermolecular forces such as van der Waals and Casimir on the dynamics of each mode of the disk resonator are investigated and the influence of design parameters are discussed. The results indicate that a high quality factor at ultrahigh frequency (UHF), a weak nonlinearity, and a low actuation voltage make polydiamond disk resonators excellent contenders for the next generation of micromechanical RF filters and channelizers. Furthermore, the resonant frequencies observed in the second (1.3 GHz) and third (2.1 GHz) modes allow for power-efficient operation of the disk resonator in the UHF range.


This study illuminates the systemic drivers of land-use intensification with the example of cropland lost in the construction of the built environment. The analysis integrates county-level variables from US government sources with data from the National Land Cover Database, which tracks permutations of specific land-use transitions over time. In a fixed-effects analysis, the area of cropland lost to the built environment is regressed on different measures of population and economic growth. Results indicate that natural increase and net migration differentially affect the loss of cropland at the local level across the continental United States, challenging the traditional focus in environmental sociology on overall population growth. This study also advances the concept of aristocratic conservation as a process by which increasing residential affluence slows down the intensification of land. The results of the analysis are discussed in terms of what land-use intensification means for environmental sustainability and town-country relations.


Purpose: The purpose of this study is to study the demographic profile and pattern of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at a tertiary care institute in India. Methods: An ambispective study from January 2013 to December 2017. Infants with birth weights (BWs) <1750 g and gestational ages <34 weeks were screened for ROP. Demographic details and ROP severity were recorded. Results: Data of 2595 of the 3697 infants screened were analyzed. The number of infants screened and treated for ROP increased from 190 and 29, respectively (2013), to 818 and 132, respectively (2017). The overall incidence of "any ROP" was 32.3%, and severe ROP was 17.7%. Though 39.5% of all infants were outborns (not born in the study center), severe ROP was present in 69.7% of these compared to 18.8% among inborns. Outborns with ROP had a higher mean BW (1308 g) compared to inborns (1202 g) (P < 0.01). ROP Stage 1 was seen in 12%, Stage 2 in 34%, Stage 3 in 13%, Stage 4 in 6%, Stage 5 in 14%, and aggressive posterior ROP (APROP) in 20%. APROP was seen in 16% of infants in 2013, 10% in 2014, 15% in 2015, 22% in 2016, and 28% in 2017. Infants with Stage 4B/Stage5 (15.6% of all ROP) were presented at a mean age of 7.5 months and all had no/delayed screening. Conclusion: Incidence of any ROP was 32.3% and was more common in outborns than inborns. The proportion of infants with APROP showed a rising trend over the years. Nearly 15.6% of infants were presented with stage4B/5 ROP due to delayed/absent screening.


Hybrid architectures have been used in several recent knowledge representation systems. This paper explores some distinctions between various hybrid representation architectures, focusing in particular on systems built around restricted representation languages. This restricted language architecture is illustrated by describing KL-TWO, a hybrid reasoner based on the restricted representation facility RUP. The bulk of this paper discusses KL-TWO, its subcomponents, and the techniques used to interface them.


This study aims to determine the needs of teaching materials for evaluasi pembelajaran courses that support the ability of students to carry out assessment of learning outcomes in accordance with the development of current assesments in Education for Primary School Teachers study program Universitas Katolik Musi Charitas (UKMC). This research is descriptive study using several documents in the form of RPS, Academic manuals and HOTS Guide modules as well as articles from official BNSP website relates to the research topic. The analysis showed that recommended teaching materials for evaluasi pembelajaran courses were (1) the concept of measurement, test, evaluation dan assessment; (2) type and function of assessment; (3) basic concept of test and non-test; (4) item analysis; (5) development of test and non-test measuring instrument; (6) the quality of measuring instrument which include validity and reliability; and (7) scoring and following up.


Balise has been immigrated and widely used for passenger dedicated lines and high speed lines in China. This paper gave a deep insight into the principle of on-board BTM as it passes the wayside balise at high speed and proposed a real-time hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) system for testing and evaluating the major performance of BTM. The real-time HILS system architecture, the up-link simulator design, the hardware realization were explained in brief. Test cases were also designed and verified finally.


The hydrodynamics of a liquid-vapour interface in contact with an heterogeneous surface is largely impacted by the presence of defects at the smaller scales. Such defects introduce morphological disturbances on the contact line and ultimately determine the force exerted on the wedge of liquid in contact with the surface. From the mathematical point of view, defects introduce perturbation modes, whose space-time evolution is governed by the interfacial hydrodynamic equations of the contact line. In this paper we derive the response function of the contact line to such generic perturbations. The contact line response may be used to design simplified 1+1 dimensional models accounting for the complexity of interfacial flows coupled to nanoscale defects, yet offering a more tractable mathematical framework to include thermal fluctuations and explore thermally activated contact line motion through a disordered energy landscape.


Objective To evaluate silicone hydrogel contact lenses applied immediately after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).Methods It was a prospective self-controlled study,and was based on 25 myopic patients (50 consecutive eyes) who underwent bilateral LASIK.The patients were randomly fitted with a PureVision lens in one eye and nothing in the fellow eye immediately after LASIK.The contact lenses were removed the next day.The fluorescein staining score,tear break-up time,Schirmer l test and subjective score were assessed preoperatively and 1 day, 1 week,1 month and 3 months postoperatively.Postoperative complications related to the corneal flap were also assessed.All values were compared between the treated eyes and the control eyes at the above time points.In addition,the parameters of the corresponding eyes were also estimated before and after surgery (1 day,1 week, 1 month and 3 months).The ANOVA for repeat measurements or Kruskal-Wallis ranks test were used for statistical analysis,For the differences between paired eyes,a paired-samples t test or Wilcoxon matched-samples rank sum test were used. A chi-square test was used for the incidence of complications related to the corneal flap.Results The fluorescein staining score of the treated eyes showed improvement by 1 day (Z=-3.00,P<0.01) and 1 week (Z=-2.32,P<0.05)postoperatively in contrast with the control,but a significant aggravation in both eyes was found at 1 day (Z=4.80,P<0.0125; Z=6.20,P<0.0125) and 1 week (Z=3.25,P<0.0125; Z=4.26,P<0.0125)after LASIK compared to preoperative conditions.Compared to the control eye,tear break-up time of the treated eye showed an increase 1 day (t=2.40,P<0.05) and 1 week (t=2.09,P<0.05) after LASIK,but obvious decreases were observed on any visit after the operation for both eyes (F=3.12,P<0.05; F=4.05,P<0.05).The Schirmer I test showed no statistically significant differences between the treated and control eyes postoperatively. Nevertheless, both eyes showed the same reductions (F=4.64,P<0.05; F=5.77,P<0.05) when compared to preoperative levels and at 1 week, 1 month,and 3 months postoperatively.Subjective scores of the treated eye were lower by 1 day (Z=2.15,P<0.05) postoperatively compared to the control eye but there was a significant severity (Z=2.92,2.66,2.28,2.46,P<0.0125:Z=4.00,3.39,2.88,3.07,P<0.0125) at any visit after LASIK for either eye.No complications related to corneal flap were found postoperatively for any patient. Conclusion Silicone hydrogel contact lenses applied immediately after LASIK can reduce injury to the superficial cornea, increase stability of tear film and effectively alleviate patient discomfort during the early postoperative period.However, it cannot affect the time span during which dynamic ocular surface tear film changes and symptoms occur in response to LASIK.

Key words:
Keratomileusis,laser in situ; Contact lenses,silicone hydrogel; Tear film; Clinical observation


On the basis of an analysis of the interaction between a manipulator for grinding process and a working object in the task space, motions of the constrained dynamic system of the robot is modeled first in this paper. In the model, the constrained forces are included and expressed as an algebraic function of the state and input generalized forces by using the equation of constraints. Using this result, a control law is proposed by taking the advantage of the redundancy of input generalized forces to the constrained forces. A controller for the grinding robot is then constructed according to this control law and without involving any force sensors. Simulations and real experiments have been done for evaluating the feasibility of the controller by taking an articulated planar two-link manipulator as an example. Results show that the constrained force is explicitly controlled with proposed control law in simulations and the effectiveness of the controller for real grinding task, have been verified.


The maximum triangle-free graph has n/4 edges [8]. Hence, the number of triangle-free graphs is at least 2 2/4. This was shown to be the correct order of magnitude by Erdős, Kleitman and Rothschild [5] (see Balogh-Morris-Samotij [2] or Saxton-Thomason [13] for recent proofs). Moreover, almost every triangle-free graph is bipartite [5], even if there is a restriction on the number of edges (first shown by Osthus-Prömel-Taraz [11], extended by Balogh-Morris-Samotij-Warnke [3]; see [2] and [3] for a more detailed history of the problem). This suggests that most of those graphs are bipartite, and subgraphs of a complete bipartite graph, therefore most of them are not maximal. Erdős suggested the following problem (as stated in Simonovits [14]):


Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) is an autosomal dominant neurologic disorder characterized by incomplete penetrance and high variability of its phenotypic expression.1 The usual phenotype is defined by early-onset isolated dystonia, predominant in the lower limb, with marked diurnal fluctuations and a dramatic and sustained response to low doses of l-DOPA.2 We report 2 members of the same family (mother and daughter) with a nonsense heterozygous mutation (c.706G>T; p.Glu236*) in the GCH1 gene and having DRD with phenotypic variability.


Single‐frequency semiconductor lasers represent a critical role in optical communications, light detection and ranging systems, photonics integrated circuits, etc. Here, combining atom‐like quantum dot (QD) materials and advanced lateral gratings, a high‐power, ultra‐low‐noise 1.3 µm InAs/GaAs QD distributed feedback laser is demonstrated. Stable single‐longitudinal‐mode output power of 100 mW from 25 ℃ to 85 ℃ is achieved with a maximum side mode suppression ratio of 62.6 dB, and the variations of threshold current and slope efficiency over the temperature range are slight, indicting a high temperature stability. A record‐narrow intrinsic linewidth of 1.62 kHz is achieved at 55 ℃ with a white noise level of merely 515 Hz2 Hz–1, and a minimum averaged relative intensity noise of only –166 dB/Hz between 0.1 GHz and 20 GHz is obtained at 25 ℃. Furthermore, a strong tolerance to external optical feedback (〉 –14 dB) is demonstrated in the range from 25 ℃ to 85 ℃, with a maximum value of –8 dB at 85 ℃. This high‐quality single‐frequency laser fabricated with simplified processes and compact size paves the way for its future large‐scale applications such as high‐capacity optical communication, high‐precision optical detection, high‐speed optical interconnections, etc.


This paper presents modifications to the Core Based Tree (CBT) multicast routing protocol for selecting a set of optimal routers in a domain as core routers for a multicast group. Currently, there is no mechanism in CBT to locate core routers in an automatic fashion, adapting to network changes. Our proposed modifications help configure an optimal router as core based on three heuristics: Center of Members (CBT-CoM), Center of Sources (CBT-CoS), and Center of Sources and Members (CBT-CoSM). We next evaluate and compare the performance of these heuristics using network dynamics. For this, an implementation based on the simulation package NSv2 and a topology generation package GT-ITM is considered.


Hogares Comunitarios is the most important early childhood program in Colombia for the poorest. The program provides childcare for around 12 children at the home of one of the mothers in the community and contains an important nutritional component. In 2007, an evaluation of the program that assessed around 28,000 children including participants and eligible non-participants, indicated that there were severe flaws in the quality of care provided which significantly decreased the potential positive effects of the program. In particular, it revealed that care providers (madres comunitarias) had, on average, low education levels and were not appropriately trained for childcare. As a result, a program that consists of a technicalprofessional degree in child development and care for madres comunitarias was implemented. In this paper, we assess the effects of this program on the quality of care offered at hogares comunitarios and the effects on participant children's nutritional and health status, cognitive and non-cognitive development. The evaluation takes advantage of the geographic gradual expansion of the program to construct a sort of rotational random experiment. The results indicate that (1) the quality of care significantly increased, (2) the pedagogical process has improved, in particular, productive activities with children and use of pedagogical resources, and (3) interaction with parents has improved. As a result of these changes, there have been positive and significant effects on participant children in treated hogares comunitarios on health, cognitive and non-cognitive outcomes, particularly for children between the ages of 6 months and 3 years of age.


Based in the Konya Basin of Central Anatolia, the Neolithic site of Catalhoyuk
(East Mound) is important to our understanding of the development of early
agricultural societies. Occupied between 7400-7100 cal BC to 6200-5900 cal BC,
the site is notable for its extended period of occupation, large size and densely
packed architecture. Research into Neolithic plant and land use has generally
focused upon agricultural crops and the environments in which they are grown,
and less is known about the role of wild plants and the non-food use of plants in
the later Neolithic. This project used phytolith analysis, a micro-botanical
technique, as a way of exploring patterns of plant and land use.
Phytoliths present in sediments collected from middens and buildings were
analysed to investigate plants exploited for food, fuel, craft activities, and
construction. Unusually abundant macroscopically visible silicified (phytolith)
remains, including from plant artifacts, also offered direct evidence for certain
types and locations of plant-use. A wide range of plant-uses and pathways has
highlighted how phytolith assemblages relate to different kinds of 'input sources',
and how certain environmental habitats may be reflected in the different types of
original materials found in archaeological contexts. Quantified analysis of
sediments has detected temporal changes in plants present throughout the site
occupation, including a dramatic increase in amounts of Phragmites australis.
This increase probably reflects the invasive potential of that particular wetland
reed, and may be the result of anthropogenic impact. Whilst the use of cereals, in
particular wheat, is emphasised, wild plants were also stored for food and used for
a wide range of other purposes. The role of wild plants in diversification
strategies, together with the sustainability of their exploitation, should be further
considered at other Neolithic sites and may have varied in relation to the diversity
of Near Eastern environments.


Pyrolysis of lignite was conducted at high temperatures from 400 ℃ to 700 ℃ and high pressures from 1 GPa to 3 GPa in a closed system in order to investigate pressure and temperature effects on organic matter maturation.It was indicated that terpane showed more mature characteristics with increasing temperature at a given pressure.Conversely,high pressure significantly hindered the thermal evolution of geological organic matter.During diagenesis,compared with the addition reaction of double bonds of alkene,biological ββ configuration of hopanoid in organisms was readily converted to αβ hopane with more energy needed.The isomers of tetracyclic terpane includes 10β(H)-des-A-lupane,10β(H)-des-A-oleanane,C24-17,21-secohopane and 10β(H)-des-A-ursane according to relative abundance.The experimental results also demonstrated that the relative abundance of high molecular weight hydrocarbons may exist under the conditions of the lower lithosphere,which offered new information on the formation and conservation of the oil-gas resources in overpressure basin and enhanced the possibility to find the oil in the high temperature and pressure areas.


The present invention relates to a fingerprint authentication device, method, relates to a system, especially a fingerprint data storage unit based on the user authentication of the security token using the secret sharing method and an authentication device, a fingerprint authentication method, the fingerprint authentication system. More specifically, the fingerprint authentication system of the present invention to provide a fingerprint storage, the extract information of the feature point in the fingerprint image of the authorized user and the fingerprint information generated by inserting the information of the false feature point to generate fingerprint information unit, the fingerprint for the fingerprint information classified according to the extent to which the feature points are distributed in the center reference and print information distribution and outputting the distributed fingerprint information according to the degree of dispersion unit, and a first fingerprint-information storage unit that stores the fingerprint information distributed output according to Fig. the dispersion, and the second includes a fingerprint data storage. Also characterized in that in alignment with the fingerprint information registered in the second fingerprint information storage unit converts a first input fingerprint information, based on the alignment part and the information of the fingerprint information of the authenticated user to the registered fingerprint information storage unit. Fingerprint authentication, security token, secret sharing, the feature points, the alignment


The mutual immiscibility between the three segments, namely backbone HC, and pendant PEG and FC segments, causes zigzag folding of the polymer such that FC segments lie on one side and PEG on the other, thereby generating Janus-type folded chains.


We address three issues: the relationship of hopelessness to depression and general behavior, the relative contribution of hopelessness to known hospital variables in treatment with respect to behavior and suicidal factors, and the influence of high-and low-level hopelessness on depression variables, behavior, and suicidal factors. Fifty psychiatric inpatients were individually administered the Beck Depression Inventory, the Geriatric Hopelessness Scale (GHS), and the Geriatric Depression Scale and were rated on key behavioral indexes by the MACC Behavior Adjustment Scale. Suicide ideation and past suicidal behavior were evaluated in an interview and by a record check. Results show that hopelessness is related to depression, especially the psychological components of depression and behavior. Hopelessness also adds to routine hospital information for total behavior, especially cooperation and social contact. Finally, high- and low-level hopelessness patients differ on psychological depression and behavior but not on suicidal indexes. The GHS is considered an instrument suitable for use with psychiatric patients.


As a form of personal and professional growth, reflection is referenced in the literature as a best practice technique for teachers and students alike (Bataineh, Al-Karasneh, & Al-Barakat, 2007; Lee & Breitenberg, 2010; Quinton & Smallbone, 2010; Rodriquez-Valls, 2010). Reflection, though complex and exigent, is a form of self-assessment that is a requisite part of the learning process, not only in the classroom, but also in our daily lives (Chen, 2010; Cheung, 2009; Nickel, Sutherby, & Garrow-Oliver, 2010; Sung, Chang, Yu, & Chang, 2009). Reflection, in essence, is understanding consequences of past actions in order to gain new perspectives (Fiddler & Marienau, 2008; Grierson, 2010; Grossman, 2009; Johnsen, Pacht, van Slyck, & Tsao, 2009). For students, reflection fosters various levels of cognition necessary for self modification (Grossman, 2009; Lavy & Yadin, 2010; Quinton & Smallbone, 2010); and, for teachers, reflection is essential, along with the integration of theory and practice, to improve teaching and enhance student learning (Kramarski & Michalsky, 2010; Rodriquez-Valls, 2010; Runhaar, Sandars, & Yang, 2010; Sutherland, Howard, & Markauskaite, 2010). ABSTRACT


This article disscusses the problem in weapon system's RDTE plan. Then with the aid of regression and analysis method, it builds a set of models in accordance with year cost demand of individual item. Finally, in the opinion of the part subordinated to the whole, it gives a complete set of systematical analysis method to deal with the balance problem between financial year allocation and item year demand.


Three experiments are reported which were intended to replicate a group-induced shift toward greater pessimism in probability estimation and evaluate the extent to which it might be produced by procedural artifacts. In only one experiment was a statistically reliable shift toward pessimism obtained. In this experiment, item-by-item variation was eliminated as a significant factor in the shift. Results of the other two experiments were inconclusive, leaving doubt regarding the reliability and generality of the presumed shift toward pessimism.


University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. December 2015. Major: Education, Curriculum and Instruction. Advisor: Mary Hermes. 1 computer file (PDF); xxiv, 293 pages.


The year 2012 marks the centenary of the birth of the late Sigurður Þórarinsson, the first professor of geology at the University of Iceland. His legacy is widely recognized in the international geoscientific community and the highest award of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI), the Thorarinsson Medal, is awarded to scientists for outstanding contributions to volcanology. Sigurður's influence on Icelandic geoscientists was immense both through his university teaching and scientific collaborations. Although his research spanned a broad range of geosciences, including e.g. physical geography, geomorphology, periglacial features, and studies of interglacial sediments and tectonic earthquakes, his main fields of research were glaciology and volcanology in a broad context. Sigurður was president of the Iceland Glaciological Society from 1969 till his death, leader of most of its annual expeditions to Vatnajökull from 1953, and co-editor and frequent contributor to its scientific journal Jökull. This special issue of Jökull is dedicated to Sigurður's contribution to geosciences and long-lasting influence on research in glaciology and volcanology in Iceland. This special issue contains an overview of Sigurður Þórarinsson's life and scientific career by Sigurður Steinþórsson, ten peer-reviewed papers on different aspects of glaciology, glacial geomorphology and volcanology, Sigurður's principal research fields and three society documentaries by two of Sigurður's travel companions.


Abstract It has been shown that a number of dithiobiureas have an anti-fertility action in certain mammals (Paget et al., 1961) and that the most active of these compounds, 1-methyl allyl-6-methyl dithiobiurea (generally referred to as I.C.I. 33828) readily inhibits ovulation in the fowl (Sykes, 1963Sykes, 1964). Since compounds with this activity might be used to delay the onset of maturity in commercial laying flocks the opportunity was taken of performing a pilot trial with I.C.I. 33828. The treated birds consisted of light hybrids (Sterling White Link) and medium hybrids (Thornber 404) which were surplus to a commercial flock of each strain which served as controls. All the birds were housed intensively (3 birds per 17″ battery cage) on 17 hours light per day from housing at 20 weeks old on the 8th November, 1963. All the birds had up to that time been reared on range under natural daylength. The…


In recent years, with the development of Neural Network, it has made a significant breakthrough in the field of text detection and recognition. However, large-scale deep Neural Network needs a large amount of storage space and computing resources, which makes it difficult to be effectively applied in various hardware platforms. In order to solve this problem, we quantize the text detection and recognition model from floating-point to low bit-width. Utilizing the low bit-width quantization method in DoReFa-Net, we quantize the text detection network, Connectionist Text Proposal Network (CTPN) and the text recognition network, Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network(CRNN). Comparing the results in different quantized bit-width, we find that after quantizing the weights and activations of CTPN to 2-bit, the F-score only drops by 0.09 on the MTWI 2018 Dataset. When the weights and activations of CRNN is quantized to 4-bits, the accuracy decrease of training with Synthetic Chinese String Dataset is merely 0.1%. After the compression of the text detection and recognition, the size of model is reduced to only 32% of the original, which means that storage space can be saved by 68%.


SCK•CEN is engaged in research related to the use of a large volume NaI detection system for use during nuclear and radiological emergencies and for the detection of nuclear materials. As part of this effort a research activity is being carried out to determine the characteristics and build a Monte Carlo model of the available 4‐liter NaI detector. These activities consist of (i) determination of energy resolution efficiency lower threshold background in laboratory conditions using well‐characterized point sources; (ii) modeling of the detector by Monte Carlo methods and validation; (iii) determination of the response function by combining measurement and simulation results; (iv) characterization of the detector for contaminated surfaces by measurements and modeling; and (v) calibration of detector for dose rate measurements. This paper will focus on the results obtained so far concerning the Monte Carlo model and its validation with experimental data.


In this paper, we test the instability of comovement, in time and frequency domain, for the GDP growth rate of the US and the UK. We use the frequency approach, which is based on evolutionary spectral analysis (Priestley, 1965-1996). The graphical analysis of the Time-Varying Coherence Function (TVCF) reports the existence of variability in correlation between the two series. Our goal is to estimate first the TVCF of the two series, then to test stability in both the cross-spectra density and in TVCF by detecting various breakpoints in each function.


The article contains a thorough semantic description of the German idiom jmdm. den Zahn ziehen. It shows that the idiom has a homonym not mentioned in the dictionary: jmdm./etw. (D.) den Zahn ziehen. The idioms jmdm. den Zahn ziehen and jmdm./etw. (D.) den Zahn ziehen are an example of the actual idiom meaning being motivated by knowledge structures quite different in nature and of the idiom inner form not being equal with the sum of its components` meanings. By means of addressing the inner form of an idiom some of its syntactic features can be explained. The inner form of an idiom is considered to be a part of its meaning worth being mentioned in the dictionary.


Two approachment to increase yield productivity with new variety throught new plant type (NPT) concept and heterosis exploitation of hybrid rice. The research was to evaluated yield and yield component of 36 hybrid rice genotypes in preliminary yield trial at two locations. The experiment was conducted in the second season MT (II) 201 3 at the Sukamandi experimental station, Subang , West Java Province and in Batang, Central Java Province by using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The material used were 36 hybrid rice genotypes and four check varieties namely Hipa8 , Hipa Jatim2 , Ciherang , and Longping Optima . The results showed that grain yield had been effected by location, genotypes, and both interactions. There were two hybrid rice genotypes that give high yield potential than four check varieties, and one hybrid rice genotype significantly different from Longping Optima. Those hybrids were GMJ6/CRS519 (9.9 t/ha) and GMJ14/CRS757 (9.5 t/ha), and A1/CRS518 (6.2 t/ha). Based on path analysis number of productive tiller and number of total grain per panicle have direct effect to yield with path coefficient as 0.4028 and 0.2153. Length panicle and seed set also gave positif and significant direct effect to yield as 0.095 and 0.0956, so these characteristics could be used as s e lection criteria.


Shallow-soil sites in the Nipigon-Beardmore area of northern Ontario are widespread and pose unique operational problems for forest managers. Several working definitions of shallow soils are used in Ontario. More accurate regional definitions are required in order that silvicultural decisions for these sometimes fragile sites may be refined or new ones developed. Harvesting and silvicultural options for shallow-soil sites are limited in the North Central Region.A program of Forest Ecosystem Classification (FEC) for the North Central Region has been designed to provide better understanding of shallow sites and a framework of standardized definitions. The FEC describes several shallow-soil types that occur over boulder pavement or bedrock, and differentiates mainly on the basis of depth-to-rock contact, surface organic material thickness and texture of the primary mineral soil particles. Operational application of this classification may require identification of complexes of shallow-soil types.


The original article to which this Erratum refers was published in Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 54(1) 81–90

Figure 1 was incorrectly printed in the article. The missing portions of the sequence are herein reprinted with the accompanying legend.

In the legend accompanying Figure 7, the residues referred to as "blue" appear in purple in the figure.


This paper utilized a three-stage dynamic game to analyze the conflicts of interest between stakeholders caused by firm heterogeneity. We show that the higher the degree of heterogeneity, the higher the sales delegation incentive given. The firm's heterogeneity scale will cause industry profit, union utility, consumer surplus and manager bonus conflicts of interest. Furthermore, the intensity of conflict is lower between the industry and the union than between the industry and consumer and between the industry and manager if the degree of heterogeneity is relatively small.


The embodiment of the invention discloses a current detection control circuit for a direct current bus. The current detection control circuit is used for detecting the current of the direct current bus driven a high-power direct current converter and improving control precision. The embodiment of the invention is that the current detection control circuit comprises a current detecting module, a voltage amplifying module and a current protection hardware trigger module, wherein the current detection module is used for detecting current of the direct current bus and outputting first detection current; the voltage amplifying module is used for amplifying voltage at the input end of the voltage amplifying module according to the first detection current outputted by the current detection module and outputting first voltage; and the current protection hardware trigger module is used for comparing the first voltage with preset reference voltage and controlling whether a trigger protection signal is outputted or not according to comparison result so as to realize control over a frequency converter.


During the last 50 years a large number of investigations have been made in the form of studies of the structural changes in the cells of the spiral ganglion as a result of acoustic trauma. The aim of the present investigation has been to make a study of the chemical composition of these cells with reference to certain important groups of matter, namely ribonucleic acid (RNA), proteins, and lipids. Quantitative methods now exist for the analysis of single nerve cells in a cyto scala. It is therefore possible to study the processes which constitute the cytochemical background of the structural changes in the cell and which display the cell's physiological changes.


On May 7, 1878, an Illinois State Penitentiary inmate died in solitary confinement, his body bruised by an illegal whip and a gag fatally wedged in his mouth. Though the death of petty larcenist Gus Reed prompted a minor sensation in the national press, the former slave who migrated from Georgia to Lincoln's Illinois hometown during the Civil War was promptly forgotten, his life lamented as still more evidence of emancipation's folly. In this smart and timely book, Thomas Bahde situates Reed's story in the larger history of race and criminal justice in the Reconstruction-era Midwest. In doing so, he joins a host of recent scholars who have demonstrated that Reconstruction was neither a southern problem nor a time period, but rather "a long national process" that entailed "a vigorous contest over the nature of citizenship and civil rights" (4). Even more significantly, Bahde illustrates the stubborn, post‒Civil War persistence of white supremacist fears that underwrote Illinois's notorious antebellum Black Laws. Each chapter takes a particular station in Reed's life as a point of departure, skillfully presenting new research while addressing the larger context. The book begins in wartime Georgia by considering how slaves—and very likely Gus Reed himself—developed a "complicated set of beliefs regarding the utility, legality, and morality of theft" while in bondage (14). Like many thousands of his fellow slaves, Reed seized upon the war as an opportune moment to vote with his feet. A trickle of refugees making their way to the Midwest became a flood of perhaps eighty thousand. In Illinois, they quickly encountered what one contemporary described as the "cruel slavery spirit," manifested most odiously in the Black Laws, which prohibited African American immigration to the state (21). The Civil War divided white Illinoisans—and sometimes vio-


This study was aimed at identifying the various ways agricultural extension would enhance poverty reduction. The specific objectives were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, identify agricultural extension strategies for poverty reduction among the respondents, identify the roles agricultural extension play in reducing poverty among the respondents and determine the effectiveness of the strategies. A structured questionnaire was administered to 78 contact farmers and 42 extension agents purposively selected in Imo State. Information obtained was analyzed using frequency distribution tables and percentages. The information obtained shows the major agricultural extension strategies for poverty alleviation. These include participatory extension service, community empowerment and formation of farmer associations amongst others. Several roles played by agricultural extension in alleviation poverty among the respondents in the study area include improved livelihood, education of farmers and increased production amongst others. Agricultural extension should be decentralized, while empowering communities as well as people in the same vein so as to effectively meet the needs of the people. Infrastructures and social amenities should be provided, that will boost production, raise income of farmers and gradually drive them out of poverty.


In this paper, a rough set-based automatic facial emotion recognition system (RAFERS) is proposed. For the system, it firstly pre-processes facial images which include emotions, and extracts facial emotion features, selects a feature subset from emotion features, then trains an emotion classifier, at last the system had be applied to the actual that learning of electrical knowledge. Through recognizes the emotion of facial images of the electrical knowledge users automatically, to provide users with personalized service.


Background: Esthetic and reconstructive surgery routinely employs the utilization of silicone implants. Silicone's limited biocompatibility can lead to serious side effects, such as capsular contracture. A capsule forming around the implant is an inflammatory response to the presence of a foreign material; however, the precise cause of capsular contracture is unknown. This experimental study looks into the effects of the two most widely used powders in surgical gloves-talcum and cornstarch-on capsule formation. Materials and Methods: Three circular silicone implants, each 1.5 cm in diameter and 2 mm thick, were implanted into pockets developed on the dorsums of 12 female rats, which were then randomly assigned to one of three groups. Group 1 received no powder in their implant pockets; Group 2 received 1.5 mg of talcum powder; and Group 3 received 1.5 mg of cornstarch powder. The capsules around the implants were histopathologically evaluated, their thicknesses were measured, and overall scores were determined after 4 weeks. Results: Although there were no statistically significant differences in the average capsule thickness measured across all four quadrants (P = 0.368), there were significant differences in the capsule score distributions across the control, talcum, and cornstarch groups (P = 0.026). Conclusion: The results of the study projects that powdered gloves (talc or cornstarch) contribute to exacerbated capsular inflammation forming around silicone implants. Therefore, powder-free gloves would be highly recommended during breast augmentation and reconstruction surgeries while handling implants.


This paper reports the results of an ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in Isperih district (Razgrad-Bulgaria). Sixty-eight plant species belonging to 32 families, 62 genera and among them 44 species were wild and 24 species were cultivated plants. Most used families were Labiatae, Rosaceae, Compositae and the most used plants were Achillea millefolium subsp. pannonica, Hypericum perforatum, Pinus sylvestris, Urtica dioica, Plantago major, Calendula officinalis, Plantago lanceolata, Melissa officinalis, Robinia pseudoacacia, Armoracia rusticana, Geranium macrorrhizum, Malva sylvestris. A total of 62 medicinal uses were obtained. 180 vernacular names of medicinal plants were reported. Ailments such as hypertension, cold and influenza, stomach diseases and wounds are mostly treated with the medicinal plants.


The ability of rural entrepreneurs to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic greatly depends on their knowledge of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to support online business. In this study, online surveys were conducted to assess the readiness and acceptance of rural entrepreneurs in adopting to the pandemic using the available technologies. Data collected were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using ANOVA. Online training modules were designed based on their specific needs. Although participants indicated that their frequency and skills of using the electronic devices or applications had generally increased or improved after the training, the increment was not statistically significant (). This indicated that while the participants, to some extent, benefited from the online training provided, there has not been a significant impact on them


Control The present invention, in particular the cell according to the received call in the camera mode of the terminal and controls the automatic take-off and pulling the camera lens unit, the camera lens unit and the sliding key input in the camera mode of a camera control method for a portable terminal unit It relates to a camera control method for a portable terminal. The camera mode control method for a mobile terminal, the process steps of: determining a call received by the lens unit of the portable terminal is drawn out camera mode and notifies the call reception, call generation portion of the lens is automatically drawn and to achieve this, when switched to, call mode when a call selection making a call, the process that after completion of the call is switched to the initial camera mode, the initial camera mode is selected, switching to the previous camera mode is selected previous camera mode, and clear, made to terminate the call occurred and the process of maintaining the camera mode while the lens unit to be automatically drawn out, Further, the camera mode control method of a portable terminal, the camera mode when switching, if the lens unit of the portable terminal is automatically drawn out, no operation is performed for a predetermined time is generated in the camera mode, while the camera mode is terminated portion of the lens when in the process of being automatically drawn and the camera mode, select the camera mode terminated, characterized by constituted by any controlling the lens unit to be automatically drawn. Camera mode, the lens section, a call received, a communication mode, a sliding key input unit


Compounds M2X2O7 crystallize in one of a few structural types depending upon the ionic radii of atoms M and X. The compounds in which the ionic radius of X is greater than 0.6 A usually do not contain an isolated unit XgOJ" and the coordination of oxygen atoms around the atom X is octahedral. When the ionic radius of X is less than 0.6 A, two basic structural types are distinguishable with regard to the ionic radius of the M atom. If the radius of M is greater than ca. 0.97 A, the structure is of the dichrornate type. The XOX bridge is then bent and the maximum point-symmetry group of the anion is Ö2v If the ionic radius of the atom M is less than 0.97 A, the structure is of the type of thortveitite or a type derived from it. The X—O—X angle is greater than in the structures of the dichromate type, usually about 180°. For the linear group XOX, the highest possible symmetry of the anion is Dza [1]. Two compounds with the thortveitite structure are known among divanadates, namely МпгУгО? [2] and Cd2V2C>7 [3]. I t is of great importance to establish a configuration of the bridges V—O—V for the study of chaining of polyhedra VO^ in poly vanadates. Vibrational spectra of diva nadates with the linear V—O—V bridge are a convenient means in solving a relationship between the arrangement of the bridge V—O— V and wavenumbers of the stretching vibrations Vs(VOV) and vM(VOV).


【Objective】Using six kinds of biologic pesticides to study their prevetion effect to cotton bollworn in Processing Tomato field and screen out effective biologic pesticides which adapt to the rule about food safty.【Method】Compared the prevetion effect of six biologic pesticides to cotton bollworn in field plot experiment.【Result】The tenth day after using these pesticides,the provention effect of 48%Spinosad SC is 93.28%,60 billion PIB/g cotton bollworm NPV WG is 91.44%,16 000 U/mg BT WP is 83.88%,0.3%azadirachtin EC is 73.44%,5% crude pyrethrins EC is 68.21%,0.36% matrine AS is 43.89%,control chemic pesticide 2.5% Lambda-cyhalothrin EW is 86.67%.【Conclusion】The prevetion effect of 48%Spinosad SC,60 billion PIB/gcotton bollworm NPV WG,16 000 U/mg BT WP,0.3% azadirachtin EC and 5%crude pyrethrins EC are better,and they are adapt to the requirement about food safty.


The main speaker of The Ruines of Time, the genius of Verlame, is not a mouthpiece for Spenser but a character in her own right. The enemy of such historic English worthies as Pendragon and Boadicea, Verlame has affinities with the Roman Whore of Babylon and certain Old Testament ruin-haunting creatures. Moreover, she is possessed by the despair attendant upon sin, and her monologue is less an elegy than a complaint. Given that her theme is the grief arising from worldly loss, her plaint is indeed a perverse consolatio in that it casts the narrator into despair rather than consoling him. Because of her perversity, many of Verlame's ideas, including her famous defense of poetry as a medium for making its subjects eternal, are implicity cast into question. Indeed, the structure of the poem itself reminds us that poetry should not eternize its subjects but work in time to heal, civilize, and elevate the reader. At the same time, Verlame, precisely because of her sinful nature, is a suitable vehicle for expressing grief, which from the Augustinian perspective of Protestantism is a weakness due to sin. Hence Verlame's lament for Leicester, Sidney, and others generates an aesthetic tension between the disorder of human grief (as expressed by Verlame) and the religious expectation of faith and hope. Only in the concluding two sets of visions does the poem become a true consolatio. The first set of visions, six scenes of worldly ruin, affirm the providential power of God at work amid the transcience of things. The second set of visions, six symbolic renderings of he apotheosis of Sir Philip Sidney, reminds us of St. Paul on resurrection and sets forth Sidney as an example of the risen elect. In this manner do the final visions answer and assuage the despair engendered in the narrator by Verlame.


A new method for the logical design of magnetic core pulse-switching circuits is presented. This method has features which make it excellent for use in standard packages. These features are the absence of spurious noise signals at the output; the fact that outputs are independent of the order of arrival of input pulses; the fact that interchanging components does not affect circuit behavior; and the fact that moderate changes in clock pulse amplitude and duration do not cause false operation. Furthermore, the number of components required by this system compares favorably with the numbers required by other systems. A computing system can be built by properly interconnecting a few different types of such packages. The new system uses advance current drive but performs the logical operations with both forward and backward windings in an output network. The use of both types of windings permits a reduction in the total number of cores required. Tests performed on actual circuits yielded very encouraging results. The circuits operated as predicted, and the performance was most satisfactory.


The core of ERP is how to realize most optimum distribution of resource of enterprise,and the core of E-commerce is how to accelerate communication among the enterprises.Based on analysing the relationship between ERP and E-commerce systems the necessities of data integration are presented;Then the disadvantages and relevant technologies of XML are discussed;Finally a scheme for data integration of ERP and E-commerce systems is given.


Abstract 1642 Standard therapy for patients (pts) with untreated high tumor burden indolent NHL includes rituximab combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy. There remains a paucity of prospective data examining non-chemotherapeutic options. We hypothesized that frontline treatment with rituximab and bortezomib therapy for "high tumor burden" indolent NHL would be well tolerated and effective. Methods: We conducted a prospective phase II clinical trial for untreated indolent NHL (registered at clinicaltrials.gov [NCT 00369707]). All pts were required to have "high tumor burden" as defined by Groupe D9Etude des Lymphomes Folliculaires (GELF) criteria. 'Induction therapy' consisted of 3 cycles: rituximab at 375 mg/m 2 × 4 weekly doses for cycle 1, then only day 1 for cycles 2 and 3 combined with bortezomib 1.6 mg/m 2 days 1, 8, 15, and 22 given q35 days for all 3 cycles. This was followed by an abbreviated consolidation phase with rituximab and bortezomib both given once q2 months × 8 months. Responses were assessed by CT according to IWG criteria (JCO 1999). To our knowledge, this represents one of the first clinical trials to examine a 9non-chemotherapeutic9 program for the specific population of high-tumor burden indolent NHL. Results: 42 pts (41 response-evaluable) were enrolled. Histologies were follicular lymphoma (FL) (n=32, 79%), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) (n=5, 12%), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) (n=3, 7%), and Waldenstroms (n=1, 2%). Median age was 61 years (40–86) and 91% of patients had advanced-stage disease at study entry (67% stage IV). All pts had high tumor burden by GELF, while the median FLIPI was 3 (61% 3–5). Therapy was overall well tolerated. The vast majority of toxicities occurred during induction therapy. Grade 3 adverse events (AEs) were fever (5%), infusion reaction (5%), infection (5%), cardiac events (5%), and fatigue (5%), as well as diarrhea, hypokalemia, and bowel obstruction all at 2% each. The only grade 4 AEs were neutropenia (5%) and thrombocytopenia (2%). Responses according to cycle number and histology are shown in the Table. A reduction in measurable tumor size was observed in 100% of all pts following cycle 1; however, the objective response rate (ORR) was only 22%. Following 3 induction cycles, ORR was 59% among all pts, while the ORR for FL pts was 62%. Notably, from cycle 1 to cycle 3, 63% of FL pts improved their response (17 pts from SD to PR and 3 pts from PR to CR). Further, after consolidation treatment, 2 SDs converted to PR and 1 PR to CR. Accounting for all pts who responded, the best ORR was 71% with CR rate of 39% (FL best ORR 75%, CR 46%). However, these data were tempered by several early treatment failures due to toxicity or physician discretion as well as several early disease progressions (i.e., from induction cycle 1 to 3: 2 SD to PD; and from induction to maintenance: 2 SD to PD, 2 PR to PD, and 1 CR to PD). With a median follow-up of 41 months (10–59), the 3-year PFS for all pts, as well as the FL subgroup, were 33%. The 3-year PFS for FL pts who achieved CR was 54%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) for all pts was 22 months (2–59), while the median overall survival (OS) was not reached. Finally, 3-year OS for all pts was 88% (94% for FL). Conclusions: In high tumor burden FL, therapy with rituximab/bortezomib resulted in successive conversions of response over time, however, responses altogether appeared less durable and PFS was lower than expected compared with historical chemotherapy-based induction series. Continued strategies to incorporate novel agents into frontline FL are warranted, although more protracted dosing schedules should be considered in high tumor burden pt populations in order to maintain adequate duration of response. Further, drug-specific biomarker studies predictive of response/outcome are critically needed. Disclosures: Off Label Use: Bortezomib in untreated follicular lymphoma.


This document describes current state of the art security functionality provided in the four mainly used and standardized Voice over IP (VoIP) signaling protocols, as there are the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), H.323, Megaco, and the Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP). It outlines the security provided by the protocols itself or by dedicated security extensions including lower layer security protocols like Transport Layer Security (TLS) or IPSec. Moreover, vulnerabilities, which still remain in protocols or certain scenarios, are depicted as well. Furthermore discussed are also security approaches for the media data provided by the Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP) and associated key management schemes. Conclusions are given by identifying work areas, in which further security related work in the area of multimedia communication in general and VoIP in specific has to be done.


In this article the author argues that men and boys have been historically and structurally rendered an invisible group of victims in international human rights and policy responses towards conflict-related sexual violence stemming from the United Nations. The apparent female-focused approach of instruments on sexual violence is criticized followed by a discussion – through analysis and interviews with legal scholars and champions for the recognition of male survivors' experiences – of the first 'emergence' of male victims in these instruments and key actors involved in this process. The existing serious dichotomy between visible and invisible victims is prominently based on their 'gender identity' and leads to structural discrimination of male victims of rape or other forms of sexual violence. To overcome this situation and develop more inclusive instruments, a reconceptualization is needed of the meaning and use of words like 'gender' and 'gender-based violence'. Additionally, a more intersectional approach to sexual violence should be adopted, understanding that victims have a multitude of identities such as ethnicity or religious affiliation that make them particularly vulnerable to suffering.


In the Netherlands a report on the 1992 Urbino Semiotic and Marketing Seminar has been published in Adformatie (Rohde 1992), the leading Dutch journal for the advertising business. This magazine is not really known to be a forum for scientific discussions. Therefore, on the face of it, this publication seems to be tangible evidence that semiotics has finally found a wider public and is accepted as a discipline of some value. However, on closer inspection it appears that the report is actually an indication of the alarming state of affairs in semiotics in the Netherlands.


The present paper investigates the effect of temperature on the charging process in dielectric films of MEMS capacitive switches. The investigation includes the assessment of MIM capacitors and MEMS capacitive switches. The data analysis shows that the dielectric charging is thermally activated and the process can be described by a system with a wide distribution of relaxation times that exhibits power-law relaxation. The activation energies obtained from MIM and MEMS are attributed to different charge collection mechanisms.


Transforming growth factor (TGF)- (cid:1) 1 is a potent inhibitor of mammary epithelial proliferation. In human breast, estrogen receptor (ER)- (cid:2) cells rarely co-localize with markers of proliferation, but their increased frequency correlates with breast cancer risk. To determine whether TGF- (cid:1) 1 is necessary for the quiescence of ER- (cid:2) -positive populations, we examined mouse mammary epithelial glands at estrus. Approximately 35% of epithelial cells showed TGF- (cid:1) 1 activation, which co-localized with nuclear receptor-phosphorylated Smad 2/3, indicating that TGF- (cid:1) signaling is autocrine. Nuclear Smad co-localized with nuclear ER- (cid:2) . To test whether TGF- (cid:1) inhibits proliferation, we examined genetically engineered mice with different levels of TGF- (cid:1) 1. ER- (cid:2) co-localization with markers of proliferation (ie, Ki-67 or bromodeoxyuridine) at estrus was significantly increased in the mammary glands of Tgf (cid:1) 1 C57/bl/129SV heterozygote mice. This relationship was maintained after pregnancy but was absent at puberty. Conversely, mammary epithelial expression of constitutively active TGF- (cid:1) 1 via the MMTV promoter suppressed proliferation of ER- (cid:2) -positive cells. Thus, TGF- (cid:1)


Advertising campaigns associated with OTC/MAP raise serious concerns over promoting rape and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among adolescents, increased rates of abortion and pregnancy among teens, and an overall coarsening of American societal values.


The PAMELA positron excess is analyzed within the framework of nonuniversal supergravity (SUGRA) models with an extended $U(1{)}^{n}$ gauge symmetry in the hidden sector leading to neutralino dark matter with either a mixed Higgsino-wino lightest $R$-parity odd supersymmetric particle (LSP) or an essentially pure wino-dominated LSP. The Higgsino-wino LSP can produce the observed PAMELA positron excess and satisfy relic density constraints in the extended class of models due to a near degeneracy of the mass spectrum of the extended neutralino sector with the LSP mass. The simultaneous satisfaction of the WMAP relic density data and the PAMELA data is accomplished through a coannihilation mechanism (${B}_{\mathrm{Co}}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{\text{mechanism}}$), and leads to predictions of a neutralino and a chargino in the mass range (180--200) GeV as well as low-lying sparticles accessible at colliders. We show that the models are consistent with the antiproton constraints from PAMELA as well as the photon flux data from EGRET and FERMI-LAT. Predictions for the scalar neutralino-proton cross section relevant for the direct detection of dark matter are also discussed and signatures at the LHC for these PAMELA inspired models are analyzed. It is shown that the mixed Higgsino-wino LSP model will be discoverable with as little as $1\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ of data and is thus a prime candidate for discovery in the low luminosity runs at the LHC.


In this article we present a project of a manual on Russian as a foreign language based on artistic texts. We also propose principles of adaptation of the artistic text for the cultivation of speech skills at the elementary level and exercises oriented on the state education standards. The authors rest upon their practice of teaching foreign students.


An attempt has been made to study the impact of sand dredging on water quality of Nethravathi estuary, Mangaluru. The samples were collected from five different identified stations viz S1, S2 and S3 are dredged sites and stations S4 and S5 are un-dredged sites during October 2014 to April 2015. Study revealed that the dredging operation has impact on water quality. Among the water parameters the effects on surface water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and salinity were negligible whereas the total suspended solids and turbidity showed higher levels at dredged stations. Further, the results showed reduced Secchi transparency levels at dredged stations. Similarly, the lower concentrations of nutrients at dredged stations due to the indiscriminate removal of sand and organic sediment showed a clear impact of dredging.


The Bureau of Mines is investigating the recovery of alumina from do mestic nonbauxitic resources, including anorthosite. The United States has large reserves of anorthosite, but its aluminum content is less than 50 pct soluble in acid, unless a source of fluoride is added to the acid. A flowsheet that includes leaching with HCl and fluoride followed by crystallization of AlC1 3'6H 2 0 from the pregnant liquor by HCl gas injec tion was designed. Approximately 90 pct of the aluminum values were re covered from the anorthosite when a ratio of 0.14 mole of fluorine per mole of aluminum was used. Sodium chloride is cocrystallized with the A1C1 3 '6H 2 0 but is removed by water washing of the Al 2 0 3 product. A material balance is given based on results of laboratory studies of the unit operations.