The quantum mechanical behavior of an H atom adsorbed on Cu(111) and on Pt(111) is investigated. The potential energy curves (PECs) for the H atom motion on these surfaces are calculated within the density functional theory, and the adiabatic three-dimensional potential energy surfaces (PESs) are constructed based on the obtained PECs. The wave functions and their energies for the H atom motion on the PESs are calculated within the framework of the variation method. The results show that, in the case of Cu(111), the ground state wave function is strongly localized around the fcc hollow site, the first-excited state wave function is strongly localized around the hcp hollow site, and these states almost energetically degenerate. On the other hand, the second-excited state wave function is delocalized and extends from the fcc hollow site to the bridge site and further to the hcp hollow site. Then, there is a significant energy gap between the first- excited and the second-excited state. In the case of Pt(111...


Investigated fl ow characteristics of geochemical processes in permafrost by the physico-chemical methods of modeling. It is shown that the role of nitrogen compounds in these processes need to be considered when assessing the effects of geo-environmental storage dumps ore deposits near the surface, as it occurs in a number of fi elds in the Northern Transbaikalia. The intensity cryogeochemical processes is suffi cient for it to be considered located in the permafrost zone of oxidation of sulfi de deposits in the period of their development, as well as various technological products production, active sources of contamination of the environment with heavy metals and other toxic elements. In result, physico-chemical model that allows quantitative reconstruction of geochemical processes is given. This requires use of the available meteorological information, the results of geochemical analysis investigated of the ores in dumps and knowledge of their estimated weight.


This paper describes a clustering methodology for temporal data using hidden Markov model(HMM) representation. The proposed method improves upon existing HMM based clustering methods in two ways: (i) it enables HMMs to dynamically change its model structure to obtain a better t model for data during clustering process, and (ii) it provides objective criterion function to automatically select the optimal clustering partition. The algorithm is presented in terms of four nested levels of searches: (i) the search for the optimal number of clusters in a partition, (ii) the search for the optimal partition structure, (iii) the search for the optimal HMM structure for each cluster, and (iv) the search for the optimal parameter values for each HMM. Preliminary experiments with arti cially generated data demonstrate the e ectiveness of the proposed methodology.


This paper presents the framework for a true digital cash based payment system. The significant difference of this system as compared with previous system is that the value token is transferable among the users. This is achieved by using a tamper-resistant hardware to protect the value token. As a consequence of non-existing tamper-proof hardware, various measures are built into the system to detect and isolate fraud.


Spectrum sensing by far is the most important factor for the establishment of cognitive radio. Spectrum sensing is the task of obtaining awareness about the spectrum usage and existence of primary users in a geographical area.The problem of ineffective utilization of radio spectrum can be addressed by exploring the major issue of spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks (CRN). Out of different spectrum sensing schemes, energy detection (ED has been proposed as the most simple and significant way as it does not require the priori information about the signal. In this paper, an adaptive double-threshold spectrum sensing method is presented, which is useful to solve the problem. A local decision center in the cognitive radio network is employed to gather all the observations required for secondary users for determining the presence of primary users. The performance of the proposed model is validated through simulation results in Nakagami-M channel and improvement is observed in sensing as compared to the conventional single stage sensing method.


We present a method for recording calcium fluorescence in live mice using a fiber bundle. To overcome the low spatial resolution of the fiber we suggest a method for up sampling images by compressive sensing.


In a recent letter, Barber, Andrews, Schadler, and Wagner, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 203106 (2005). indicated that Weibull–Poisson statistics could accurately model the nanotube tensile strength data, and then concluded that the apparent strengthening mechanism in a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is most likely caused by an enhanced interaction between the walls of the nanotube. In this comment, we show that their conclusion seems to be inconsistent with the assumption introduced in the data analysis by using a two-parameter Weibull distribution. Further statistical analysis provides a new explanation on the scattered strengths of MWCNTs. The effectiveness of Weibull–Poisson statistics at nanoscales is also discussed.


This paper investigates the current state of social policy in the Netherlands, analyzed the main features of the model of "social state" in the Netherlands, the main recommendations that may be appropriate for the social integration of citizens of Ukraine and the creation of conditions in which socially oriented market economy supported by strong economic growth and a reasonable level of social protection and social consensus.


The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence on the effect of liquidity, capital structure, firm size, and growth on firm performance in Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2015-2017, with a total 189 samples. This study uses secondary data which was tested using regression analysis. The result of this study showed that liquidity do not have a significant effect on firm performance. Capital structure and firm size has a positive and significant effect on firm performance, while growth has a positive and significant effect on firm performance.


Accurate and predictive computations of the quantum-mechanical behavior of many interacting electrons in realistic atomic environments are critical for the theoretical design of materials with desired properties. Such computations require the solution of the grand-challenge problem of the many-electron Schrodinger equation. An infinite chain of equispaced hydrogen atoms is perhaps the simplest realistic model for a bulk material, embodying several central characters of modern condensed matter physics and chemistry, while retaining a connection to the paradigmatic Hubbard model. Here we report the combined application of different cutting-edge computational methods to determine the properties of the hydrogen chain in its quantum-mechanical ground state. Varying the separation between the nuclei mimics applying pressure to a crystal, which we find leads to a rich phase diagram, including an antiferromagnetic Mott phase, electron density dimerization with power-law correlations, an insulator-to-metal transition and an intricate set of intertwined magnetic orders. Our work highlights the importance of the hydrogen chain as a model system for correlated materials, and introduces methodologies for more general studies of the quantum many-body problem in solids.


It is an important content of network attack research to evaluate Battlefield Network Attacking (BNA) efficiency. Starting with the keystone of network security and the synthesis of the mainly performance index for BNA, this paper puts forward the evaluating technique for network attacking efficiency based on the performance losing rate.


A fuzzy expert system allows for the capture of expertise in a computer program based on non-Boolean constraints and fuzzy reasoning. This research explores fuzzy relationships involved with a linguistic computer/human interface within a horticultural test domain. A mechanism is described for assessing language ambiguity associated with fuzzy language terms such as very wilted leaves and warm soil temperature. A technique for modeling this language ambiguity is described and implemented as a fuzzy expert system for the diagnosis of certain tomato diseases. Results show that the fuzzy expert system which models the language ambiguity performed significantly better than an identical system which does not take into account language ambiguity.


glucose (FDG) is consistently reduced in the temporal lobe ipsilateral to the seizure focus in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. We examined the hypothesis that regional differences in tracer uptake in temporal lobe epilepsy reflect regional differences in the lumped constant (A). Methods: In 9 control subjects and 10 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, we obtained regional estimates of A by expressing A in terms of transfer coefficients for FDG and parame ters which are likely to remain constant throughout both the brain and under different functional states. Results: In the patients, A was lower in the temporal lobe ipsilateral to the epileptic focus (0.53 ± 0.06; p < 0.005) than in the contralateral temporal lobe (0.56 ±0.06). Interside differences in A were highly correlated with asymmetry in tracer uptake. Furthermore, the use of regional estimates of A reduced the asymmetry in estimated rCMRglc in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy but not in controls. Conclusion: In these patients, a change in tracer uptake may not indicate a change in glucose consumption of corresponding magnitude, raising the pos sibility that in at least some patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, the term hypometabolism does not accurately describe reductions in tracer uptake.


The paper reports an analysis of the characteristics of those new projects that are killed, that is, terminated before commercialisation. Such projects constitute the majority of new product projects. The authors' aim was to learn from the differences between 'kills' and those that are commercialised. The latter may, of course, turn out to be successes or failures.

Their sample consisted of 250 new projects of which 123 were ultimately successful, 80 failed and 47 were kills. Two hypotheses were tested: that kills and failures had similar characteristics and that kills differed from successes in the way that failures differed from successes. Four groups of multidimensional project characteristics were measured: product advantage, market attractiveness, competitive situation, and synergy/familiarity.

The results showed that neither hypothesis was generally supported, The patterns of characteristics observed were complex but were unravelled through a computer model simulating how managers perform the evaluation process. It showed that the results could be explained on the basis that errors could be made in evaluation. For example, it is difficult to evaluate product advantage. Surprisingly, competitive situation is not a discriminator between successes, failures and kills but managers treat it as if it were. Some characteristics are perceived by managers to be negative although they are, in fact, favourable to project success.

The authors claim that these results should lead to better allocation of R&D resources among proposed projects.


This paper presents adaptive feedforward control for vibration suppression based on an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter structure. The vibration signal and the output signal are available for the algorithm to adaptively update the parameters of the vibration transmission path (VTP) dynamics. Two designs for parameter adaptation are proposed. They provide different methods to get the necessary signals for parameter adaptation of the IIR filter which is different from the conventional finite impulse response (FIR) filter adaptation design. Performance of the proposed designs is compared with the conventional Filtered-x Least Mean Square (FxLMS) method on a hard disk drive (HDD) benchmark problem. The simulation results show that the proposed designs have smaller 3σ value and peak to peak value at steady state.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


Page Introduction .1 Review of other investigations 2 Experiments with methods of maliing grass or legume silage.-_ 6 Making grass silage 6 Making legume silage 1. 16 Influence of methods on the results obtained with the small silos 18 Partial drying 18 Eflect of adding acid 19 Effect of adding molasses. 20 Lossesofdry matter.. 20 Carotene content 20 Experiments with unchopped alfalfa silage 22 Storing grass and alfalfa in larger silos 23 Feeding value of the grass and legume silages... 24 Influence of alfalfa silage on the flavor and odor of milk.... 26 Discussion 2H Practical considerations 29 Summary — 30 Literature cited 31


We present a formulation of velocity-less time migration in curvelet domain. In particular, we first decompose pre-stack gathers to curvelets, which unlike wavelets also contain directional information. Then, we use this directional information to perform migration that does not require any velocity model. This migration is performed directly with the curvelet coefficients. The resulting image is reconstructed by applying the inverse curvelet transform. The process is illustrated on synthetic data and compared to Kirchhoff migration.


Delays in the implementation of complex regulatory schemes like the ACA are neither uncommon nor constitutionally questionable. The Obama administration's actions are an attempt to make a complex law work.


In chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), tools based on objective evidence, such as histopathology, are needed to assist clinical decision‐making. The main aim of this exploratory investigation was to determine whether structured histopathology could be used to classify CRSwNP in homogeneous histological clusters.


As a new pattern of value creation, value co-creation has become one of the hot topics in the domestic and foreign academic circles in recent years, many researchers have been carrying on it from many perspectives. From the existing research literature, however, the concept of value co-creation is still vague, the research content is complex and the definition is not clear, its antecedents, consequences and formation mechanisms have not yet formed a general consensus. Based on the literature review, the connotation of value co-creation is explained first, and its status and function from three types of dominant logic are combed. Second, three types of research paradigms on value co-creation are analysed comparatively, and the formation mechanisms of value co-creation is presented. Finally, we propose the directions for future research by summarizing the shortcomings of the current research.


Background: Comorbid cardiovascular and bronchoobstructive diseases worsens disease course and prognosis and causes difficulties in therapy. Effectiveness 2-agonists (cornerstone of bronchoobstructive pathology treatment) depends on -adrenoreceptors state. Therefore, a detailed study of the functional state of beta-adrenoreceptors is necessary.
Aim: to evaluate the relationship of changes in the characteristics of 1- and 2-adrenoreceptors, against the background of the use of 2-agonists in patients with cardiovascular and bronchoobstructive diseases with clinically significant parameters.
Methods: In the pilot single-center prospective study during 2.5 years 45 patients (15 with cardiovascular and 30 with bronchoobstructive diseases) were included. Anamnestic data and complaints were collected and laboratory and instrumental studies were performed. Modified radioligand analysis on blood T-lymphocytes using radiolabeled Cyanopindolol and unlabeled selective ligands (ICI 118551, CGP 20712) before and after salbutamol and formoterol was performed and the binding activity of 1- and 2-adrenoreceptors was determined.
Results: The correlation analysis between clinically significant parameters and changes in the specific binding index of 1- and 2-adrenoreceptors confirmed its clinical relevance. In test with beta-agonists in cardiovascular and bronchoobstructive diseases patients, an increase in the specific binding index of 1-adrenoreceptors is associated with clinical, laboratory and instrumental parameters of a favorable course of the disease, and an increase in the specific binding index of 2-adrenoreceptors is associated with negative. In the cardiovascular group without bronchoobstructive diseases with salbutamol an increase in the specific binding index of 1-adrenoreceptors was associated with parameters of unfavorable disease course, while an increase in the specific binding index of 2-adrenoreceptors did not have a clear associative relationship with clinical characteristics.
Conclusions: The association of changes in the specific binding index of 1- and 2-adrenoreceptors in patients with cardiovascular and bronchoobstructive diseases with clinically significant parameters during acute tests with short- and long-acting 2-agonists was revealed, which in the future may provide an opportunity to identify patients with an unfavorable course of the disease.


As for the reactive power and negative sequence compensation caused by the unbalanced load, the modular multilevel converter based static synchronous compensator (MMC-STATCOM) is adopted and analyzed. To reduce the complexity of control system, the three-phase current error signal is transformed into αβ frame and proportional-resonant controller is adopted to implement the static current tracking. In order to reduce the operation performance of MMC-STATCOM, a system small-signal model is established and an efficient circulating current suppressing method is proposed. As the circulating current of each phase is controlled individually, this method can be widely applied in diverse MMCs. The simulation and experiment results have validated the feasibility of the proposed control method.


Abstract A survey research design was used to examine caregiving, care receiving, and the willingness to provide caregiving among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) older adults recruited from community groups. More than one-third reported receiving care from people other than healthcare providers in the last five years; more than two thirds provided care to other LGB adults. Those who had given care were more likely than non-caregivers to give care in the future. The gender and sexual orientation of recipients of future help affected participants' willingness to provide care, as did their education level and style of coping. Participants willing to provide care to older LGB adults perceived such experiences to be less burdensome and more personally rewarding than those who were un-willing to provide care.


The bis-(1-pyrrolidinecarbodithioato) nickel(II) complex was extracted from acid-digested samples of blood, urine and faeces into 4-methylpentan-2-one. The organic extracts were evaporated to dryness and dissolved in 2.8% v/v HNO3 prior to analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The extraction procedure freed m/z 60, 61 and 62 from polyatomic interferences, allowing 61Ni and 62Ni to be used for combined isotope dilution (ID) and tracer studies. Satisfactory recovery was obtained for naturally abundant Ni added to serum (97.1 ± 1.9%) and urine samples (100.8 ± 2.8%) using ID with 62Ni. Average recovery of 62Ni added to plasma, serum, red blood cells, faeces and urine, determined using ID-ICP-MS with 61Ni, was 99.8 ± 3.2%.


Abstract The Swanport Aboriginal skeletal population has played a significant role in physical anthropological research in Australia. This paper provides the first chronometric dates for this important burial population. AMS radiocarbon determinations on bone collagen from six individuals showed a calibrated 2a range from 1027 BC to 1521 AD. On the basis of this sample, the Swanport population appears to pre-date all European contact in Australia. These dates contradict previous assumptions that associated the Swanport burial population with a recent protohistoric period or a discrete period of time related to historic smallpox epidemics in the 19th century. The current chronometric range of approximately 2500 years for inhumations at Swanport indicates the use of the site as a burial ground over an extended period of time during the late Holocene.


Objective:The "gold standard" of H.pylori detection is 13 C-urea breath test with mass-spectrometer.Reproducibility of mass spectrometry will be investigated.Methods:It was Dual-channel sample gas-isotope ratio mass spectrometry to obtain and analyze the results——the 13 CO2 excess values of δ.The gas sample in vitro is the first blowing breath of people who is not infected with H.pylori before taking the 13 C labeled urea.Then the Friedman two-way analysis of variance according to rank of the data was carried out analysis of repeatability.The second blowing breath were gas sample detected of people who had been infected with H.pylori with the mass spectrometry assay confirmed after taking the 13 C labeled urea.Then 18 tubes which had been placed 2-10h were detected by "replicates 3" and analyzed by paired t-test.Results:Negative in vitro test:δ values the twice retest obtained(±SD) was-24.54±0.86,-24.37±0.81,paired t-test t=-7.657,P0.001.Friedman rank two-way ANOVA analysis showed that the average rank of the two groups were respectively 1.16,1.84,P0.001.This two statistical methods showed that the retest results were elevated and statistically significant.According to Friedman rank twoway ANOVA analysis,the mean rank of δ values were respectively 1.77,1.77,2.98,3.63,4.86,P0.001,there was statistically significant.Positive test-tube test:according to the rank of two-way analysis of variance results,the average rank of 18 pairs of the δ values were,respectively,1.28,1.89,2.89,4.06,4.89,P0.001.This two statistical methods proved that the measurement results rose with the increasing frequency(time variation),and there was a significant difference.Conclusion:13 C mass spectrometric analysis of H.pylori urea breath test.Results will be affected by the test tubes long-time placed,changes in the temperature of the machine,but the influence is not obvious.In the mass spectrometric analysis of the urea breath test and relevant experiments,each test tube should be detected as soon as possible,and not suitable for doing multiple measurements.


Julien LAURENT, CEO of Miss Numerique, is familiar with fast growing companies. In 2004, with his knowledge of e-commerce, he became a shareholder in the Miss Numerique company, a website selling cameras, lenses, and other photographic accessories. These are professional or semi-professional products targeting either professional photographers or photography enthusiasts. In 2010, Julien LAURENT and his partners decided to diversify, and create a subsidiary, Miss Glamuse, an on-line company selling mid/top range women's lingerie. In 2013, the group, which now included the two companies, had a turnover of almost €15million. However, although Miss Numerique's economic model has proven its worth so far, one cannot neglect current and potential competition. It is also important to look out for changes in consumers', and e-commerce stakeholders' expectations in a field as sensitive as photography where many changes are taking place. In addition to this, further threats seem to loom over Miss Numerique. The photography market is crumbling dangerously in France and elsewhere. Moreover, in 2014, growth in e-commerce showed signs of a loss of impetus for the third year in a row. The downturn which has been observed in physical trade is even greater on the internet, where consumers can compare offers at the click of a mouse. This is probably a water-shed in Miss Numerique's business model, and its CEO is questioning the company's future and its strategy.


Purpose – Security and accountability within the transportation industry are vital because cargo theft could amount to as much as $60 billion per year. Since goods are often handled by many different parties, it must be possible to tightly monitor the location of cargo and handovers. Tracking trade is difficult to manage in different formats and legacy applications Web services and open standards overcome these problems with uniform interfaces and common data formats. This allows consistent reporting, monitoring and analysis at each step. The purpose of this paper is to examine Transportation Security SensorNet (TSSN), the goal being to promote the use of open standards and specifications in combination with web services to provide cargo monitoring capabilities.Design/methodology/approach – This paper describes a system architecture for the TSSN targeted for cargo monitoring. The paper discusses cargo security and reviews related literature and approaches. The paper then describes the proposed solution of...


Transcript of a discussion fourm about laughter and joking at the Free University Berlin. Participants: Regine Stratling, Susanne Foellmer, Albrecht Riethmuller, Susanne Schuller and Julian Hanich


Recent work on ADCs targeting sampling rates of hundreds of MHz with resolutions in the range of 10 to 11b has faced speed limitations with a single channel [1] or employed interleaving, but with a relatively high power dissipation [2] or low SNDR [3]. This paper introduces a calibration technique that, together with a high-speed opamp topology, allows a single channel to operate at 500MHz and digitize a 233MHz input with an SNDR of 53dB. This SNDR yields a figure of merit (FOM) of 0.3pJ/conversion-step, the lowest reported for 10 and 11b ADCs running at these frequencies.


Abstract : The purposes of this research were to: (1) describe the process of integrating the characteristic values of disciplinary, creative, critical thinking, inquiring, and thorough in learning mathematics at the tenth of science class SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta, and (2) describe the students' opinion of the tenth of science class SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta about the integration of the characteristic values of disciplinary, creative, critical thinking, inquiring, and thorough in learning mathematics. Qualitative research was applied in this research. The subject of the research are students and a mathematics teacher of the tenth grade of  SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta. The source of data was taken from informants (teacher and students), documentation (lesson plan), and learning activity. Data collection was taken by using interview, observation, and documentation. Data validity used the source of triangulation. Data analysis used Miles and Huberman's concept that are data collection, data reduction, presenting the data, and drawing the conclusion. The result of the research showed as follows. (1) Integrating character education of discipline, teacher did it implicitly (being a model) and explicitly (giving an urge). To integrate the critical character, teacher associates learning with daily life and guiding students analyse the information obtained or given to the students. Creative character done by the teacher in integrating for learning mathematics was to developed active classroom and informed with gave the opportunity for students to express their ideas in solving problems of mathematics questions. The integration of inquiring character in learning mathematics was not visible. To integrate thorough character, teacher planted thorough character by giving the test and urging the students to recheck the result of their works, listen carefully to what the teacher had said. (2) According to students' opinion, teacher had planted the character of disciplinary, creative, critical thinking, inquiring, and thorough. However, there was no explanation about the character of inquiring because the test given was the standard questions so that it cannot encourage students to have inquiry. Keywords: Process analysis, character education, learning mathematics


Mixed crop of maize and cowpea were grown as a forage crop after mixing seeds in different proportions i.e. 100% maize (T1),75% maize+25% cowpea (T2), 50% maize + 50% cowpea (T3),25% maize e +5% cowpea, (T4) and 100% cowpea (T5) to study the effect of mixed cropping on forage yield, chemical composition and in vitro digestibillty of forages. Green forage production (t/ha) was maximum in T2 (28.5) and lowest in T5 (18.4). DM production was significantly (P<0.05) higher in T2 as compared to other rteatments. CP contents increased and EE and NFE decreased gradually from T1 to T5. DM, OM, CF and Ash content was not significantly different among the various treatments. There was no significant difference in the in vitro digestibility of OM and CF among the all treatments. However, DM digestibility apparently increased from T1 to T5 and CP digestibility increased progressively and significantly (P<0.01) over T1. The results indicated that mixed cropping of forage maize and cowpea using seed rate of 75% maize and 25% cowpea could improve forage availability.


The development of entrepreneurship in a country depends on many factors, including the condition of objects of production and social infrastructure, objects of capital construction. Among the factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship, transport and logistics system plays a special role. In the face of increasing international trade and economic integration processes the transport and logistics system performs a crucial role in ensuring optimal cross-border and internal movement of goods. Well-functioning transport and logistics system allows to expand the domestic markets. In addition, there is a possibility of integration into international trade flows. The study reviews the status of the degree of elaboration of the problems of business management and development of transport-logistic system in the Republic of Tajikistan. It reveals the state of entrepreneurship in the Republic of Tajikistan in recent years. On the basis of international comparisons, priorities for improving business management in the country are identified. The role of transport and logistics system in the development of entrepreneurship is examined. The historical, economic, social and other preconditions of the current state of transport and logistics system in the Republic of Tajikistan are disclosed. In accordance with the provisions under the National development strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period to 2030, the paper characterizes the relationship problems of the improvement of the business environment and enterprise development status of the transport-logistic system in the country. Strategic priorities of forming a transport and logistics system for the development of entrepreneurship are formulated.


We address two problems associated with the traditional approach to teaching a junior level course in signals and systems. First, students are expected to develop a facility with a variety of transforms and we have observed that this overwhelms many, reducing them to simply memorizing equations. Second, the usual treatment of Dirac's delta as a function not only leads to serious contradictions with the standard calculus, but also leaves intractable schisms surrounding the transforms of important harmonic functions. We present a unified and consistent approach designed to ameliorate these problems using abstract linear algebra and distribution theory. The approach was implemented for four semesters and exit surveys were conducted to assess pedagogical effectiveness.


Determining the core of a field's literature, i.e. its 'most important' sources, has been and still is an important problem in bibliometrics. In this article an exact definition of a core of a bibliography or a conglomerate is presented. The main ingredients for this definition are: fuzzy set theory, Lorenz curves and concentration measures. If one prefers a strict delineation, the fuzzy core can easily be defuzzified. The method we propose does not depend on the subjective notion of 'importance'. It is, moreover, completely reproducible. The method and the resulting core are also independent of the mathematical function (Lotka, Zipf, Bradford, etc.) that may be used to describe the relation between the set of sources and that of items.


The invention provides an electroacoustic device sealing structure of an electronic device. the electronic device comprises a front casing, a rear casing and an electroacoustic device which is located between the front casing and the rear casing; the front casing and the rear casing are assembled together; the electroacoustic device sealing structure comprises a sealing sleeve and a projection; the electroacoustic device is surrounded by the sealing sleeve and a sound production channel of the electroacoustic device is limited by the sealing sleeve; the projection protrudes from the lateral surface of the front casing and is close to the upper end of the sealing sleeve to enable the rear casing to be in contact with the projection first when the rear casing and the front casing are assembled. According to the electroacoustic device sealing structure of the electronic device, the extrusion of the casings on the sealing sleeve in the assembly process can be reduced and accordingly the poor sealing or the blocking of a sound production hole due to the extrusion deformation of the sealing sleeve is avoided.


The structure of DCS control system for digital TV transmitter is presented in this article,the system of communication RS-485 master-slave multi-chip communication mode.In other words,the main control system exchanges data with several slave system through RS-485.In order to improve the reliability,and to prevent deadlock phenomenon,the measures of overtime-dealing are used.It is proved to be very reliable after experiment and field application to meet the request of communication in control system of transmitter.


The radiative capture of unidirectional neutrons by the individual components of a stack of cadmium-covered gold foils was investigated for several spectra, principally those obtained by various modifications of the emission from a /sup 252/Cf source. The relative experimental activation of the foils was empirically described by a simple three-group relation reflecting capture in the 5-eV resonance, the 60-eV resonance, and an average of other capture regions. The incident fluxes in these respective regions could then be identified, and it was shown that the relative activations of the individual foils due to neutrons in these three energy regions depended on the incident spectrum. The energy dependence of the flux in the 5- to 60-eV range was also empirically shown to depend on the neutron spectrum.


The implementation of the COVID-19 protocol was carried out as part of an effort to revive the economy that slumped due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Public awareness in implementing COVID-19 protocols is important in the New Normal life rules. This service activity helps the community to carry out an independent assessment of the risk of spreading and transmitting the COVID-19 virus. Also, it provides education and raises awareness to the public regarding health protocols. This method uses the InaRISK Personal application developed by the National Disaster Management Agency or Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB). The community as respondents is helped to obtain an independent assessment by filling in the answers to the questionnaire into the InaRISK Personal application. The results showed that 57.2% had low-risk status, 40.3% medium risk, and 2.5% high-risk status. Some of the behaviors that have the potential to increase the risk of contracting the COVID-19 virus are 89% of respondents touching money and 86.3% traveling for the risk of contracting outside the home, 55.5% of respondents do not provide hand sanitizers at home for the risk of contracting at home, 46, 8% of respondents did not drink vitamins C and E and lack of sleep for risks related to immunity. The conclusion is that the public still needs to increase awareness in carrying out health protocols to reduce the risk of spreading and transmitting the COVID-19 virus. DOI:  https://doi.org/10.26905/abdimas.v5i3.5004


Synthetic vision systems (SVS) appear as spreading technology in the avionic domain. Several studies prove enhanced situational awareness when using synthetic vision. Since the introduction of synthetic vision a steady change and evolution started concerning the primary flight display (PFD) and the navigation display (ND). The main improvements of the ND comprise the representation of colored ground proximity warning systems (EGPWS), weather radar, and TCAS information. Synthetic vision seems to offer high potential to further enhance cockpit display systems. Especially, concerning the current trend having a 3D perspective view in a SVS-PFD while leaving the navigational content as well as methods of interaction unchanged the question arouses if and how the gap between both displays might evolve to a serious problem. This issue becomes important in relation to the transition and combination of strategic and tactical flight guidance. Hence, pros and cons of 2D and 3D views generally as well as the gap between the egocentric perspective 3D view of the PFD and the exocentric 2D top and side view of the ND will be discussed. Further a concept for the integration of a 3D perspective view, i.e., bird's eye view, in synthetic vision ND will be presented. The combination of 2D and 3D views in the ND enables a better correlation of the ND and the PFD. Additionally, this supports the building of pilot's mental model. The authors believe it will improve the situational and spatial awareness. It might prove to further raise the safety margin when operating in mountainous areas.


As a former journalist, Australian Prime Minister John Curtin developed relatively new media techniques to persuade reporters to support his war leadership and articulate his rhetoric of crisis, masking the tensions within his governance. Yet there are gaps in the historical understanding of his news management techniques in World War II and their influence on prime ministerial-media relations and political journalism of the era. This paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationships of influence and consensus between Curtin and the news media, based on concepts of the governmental function of news in an administered society, developed by Ericson, Baranek and Chan, as well as Foucault's model of power. With the use of rarely researched confidential communications providing fresh insights into Curtin's news relations, this paper argues that press and broadcast journalists cooperated with him to visualise national deviance, in the form of Axis foes, and accentuate his language of the enemy to elicit public support for his governance. Through a dramaturgy approach, this study shows that Curtin stage-managed and expanded the prime minister's news interviews to appear as spontaneous, open-ended and inclusive; however, he relied on theatrical gesturing, camera techniques and rehearsed rhetoric to generate favourable news coverage about his leadership of Australia's military role in the Pacific war from 1941 until his death in 1945. Although he benefited from censorship, he used his professional journalism background and the nation's first full-time prime ministerial press secretary to share information leaks selectively with journalists. The political correspondents volunteered to withhold information and cooperated to portray him as a forceful, egalitarian leader, disguising the friction among the Allies. This study of Curtin's news management techniques and interactions with reporters indicates the democratic possibilities for journalism students of using expanded communication spaces for more critical inquiry to generate greater political responsiveness and accountability to public audiences.


Focal ulnar nerve compression neuropathy within Guyon's canal in the wrist is an infrequent but debilitating condition often termed Guyon's canal syndrome. Being difficult to diagnose, it has been linked to altered wrist postures, such as in cyclists. The research aim was to determine the effect of wrist angle on ulnar nerve appearance at Guyon's canal utilising high‐resolution sonography.


Two kinds of novel In2O3 nanotowers were synthesized in an improved chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system through controlling the kinetics factors (saturation ratio). The morphologies and crystalline structures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A periodical one-dimensional (1-D) and persistent 0-D growth was proposed to explain the formation of nanotower I, and the formation of nanotower II was ascribed to the alternate 1-D and 0-D growth. The growth mechanism analysis was useful to realize the relation between the kinetics factors and the complex nanostructure. The synthesis of complex tower-shaped structures not only enriched the synthesis science but also provided new blocks in future architecture of functional nanodevices.


Abstract The inhibition of cadmium and nickel ions on the acidogenesis stage in anaerobic treatment was investigated in this study. The anaerobic culture was first acclimated to a glucose substrate in semi‐continuous anaerobic reactors. Inhibition of metal ions were investigated by batch experiments. Results were quantified by measuring the total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) production activity of samples. The relative toxicity in the acidogenesis stage was Cd > Ni. Mixtures of metal ions generally exhibited antagonistic effect on inhibition.


Reviews the book "Preventing Crime", edited by Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck (New York: McGraw-Hill Company. 496 pp). Although all the crime prevention experiments that are being carried on in the United States could not be presented in one volume, twenty-four promising and representative attempts to reduce crime are individually reported. Psychologists will find little in these twenty-odd chapters that is new, but they will find much that should be provocative. Surely this symposium clearly indicates that many opportunities to render unique and highly specialized service in the field of crime prevention await the well-trained and socially-minded clinical psychologist. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved) Language: en


Rain is a very important factor in the availability of water for planting. Farmers still use the traditional way of determining the planting schedule. This determination is considered less than optimal. This study aims to analyze rainfall on potato production in South Tapanuli Regency based on rainfall data, and determine the relationship between rainfall and the suitability of sweet potato crops. The research method used is a survey method and literature review. This type of research is a survey method with a correlation and descriptive approach to see the relationship between rainfall and potatoes used with correlation. From this research, the results of correlation and regression analysis of the rainfall variable on the potato productivity variable for the last 10 years were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics for South Tapanuli Regency, which illustrates a weak positive effect


This paper presents a locally-addressable 2-dimensional arrayed transparent electrode platform with integrated Thin-Film Transistor (TFT) for electrophysiology. 2D electrical measurements on 28 parallel-connected lines selected from a 22,500 microelectrode array were successfully performed for heart cell investigation for the first time. Amperometry measurement was also demonstrated using transparent electrodes functionalized with Ag/AgCl by additive manufacturing. The applicability of this transparent TFT substrate platform to electrochemical sensors was confirmed by experiments. The platform offers a unique access to versatile lab-on-a-chip devices that integrate many measurement techniques on one chip (electrical, chemical and optical) for the study of large cell cultures, tissues or organoids.


This study examines number-skills developments from infancy through adolescence. It identifies universals in early mathematical development and describes how they are expressed in different cultures. Cross-national differences in maths achievement are considered.


The aim of this study was to compare spinal curvature and muscle tone characteristics in elite female rhythmic gymnasts (n = 32) and untrained controls (n = 48). Results showed that the angles of lumbar lordosis (LL) and thoracic kyphosis (TK) were lower (p < 0.001) in gymnasts in comparison with the control group. It was evident that the vertebral column of gymnasts had straightened in thoracic as well as in lumbar part of the spine. The trunk flexors in gymnasts were undertoned, the tone of rectus abdominis muscle was lower (p < 0.001) in gymnasts compared to that of the control group, while tone of erector spinae muscle (trunk extensor) was not differed from the control group. The tone of spinal muscles was higher (p < 0.001) than that of abdominal muscles in gymnasts, whereas the tone of these muscles did not differ significantly in controls. In the control group, the tone of trunk flexor and extensor muscles were in balance, whereas in gymnasts it was imbalanced. The indicator of tone imbalance of the trunk flexor and extensor muscles correlated negatively with the difference in body height in supine and standing positions (L) (r = −0.66, p < 0.001) for the group of gymnasts. In gymnast, TK and LL correlated negatively with Oswestry score (r = −0.68, p < 0.05 and r = −0.66, p < 0.05, respectively) and positively with L (r = 0.63, p < 0.05 and r = 0.60, p < 0.05 respectively). This indicates that the more rigid vertebral column, flattened in thoracal and lumbar part that appeared in gymnasts, associated with imbalance in muscle tone and low back pain (LBP). In 50% of measured gymnasts, LBP incidence


Plumage color aberrations(PCA) cause a lack of, reduction in, and abnormal distribution of pigments in feathers of birds. Although many studies have been conducted to discover the types and mechanisms of PCA, most often the type is wrongly applied because of identification difficulties and confusion. There has been no research on the PCA of birds till recently in Korea. We review the photographs on the PCA of birds in Korea, explain the types and mechanisms, and discuss the chance of survival based on current state of knowledge.


Objective: To observe the curative effect of musicotherapy combined with western medicine on renal hypertension.Method: 60 cases complying with a standard of renal hypertension were chosen and divided into two groups randomly.The cases in control group were treated with only conventional western medicine,and the ones in treatment group were done by musicotherapy as well as conventional western medicine.One treatment course included 1week.Then the effect of depressurization and biochemical examination were analyzed and evaluated.Result: After treatment the contractive pressure in treatment group was 128.34±9.88 mmHg,more markedly decreased than 132.24±7.26 mmHg in control group(by one-sided test,t=-1.693 3,P0.05).And the biochemical examination was better in treatment group than in control group,but didn't show significant difference(P0.05).Conclusion: Musicotherapy can help to step down renal hypertension.


These highlights do not include all the information needed to use GADAVIST safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for GADAVIST. Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) increase the risk for NSF among patients with impaired elimination of the drugs. Avoid use of GBCAs in these patients unless the diagnostic information is essential and not available with non-contrasted MRI or other modalities. • The risk for NSF appears highest among patients with: o Chronic, severe kidney disease (GFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m 2), or o Acute kidney injury. • Screen patients for acute kidney injury and other conditions that may reduce renal function. For patients at risk for chronically reduced renal function (for example, age >60 years, hypertension or diabetes), estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) through laboratory testing (5.1).Gadavist is a gadolinium-based contrast agent indicated for use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): • To detect and visualize areas with disrupted blood brain barrier (BBB) and/or abnormal vascularity of the central nervous system in adult and pediatric patients (including term neonates) (1.1) • To assess the presence and extent of malignant breast disease (1.2) • Recommended dose for adults and pediatric patients (including term neonates) is 0.1 mL/kg body weight (2.1) • Administer as an intravenous bolus injection (2.2) • Follow injection with a normal saline flush (2.2)Gadavist injection contains 604.72 mg gadobutrol/mL (equivalent to 1 mmol gadobutrol/mL) and is available in vials and prefilled syringes (3) • Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis has occurred in patients with impaired elimination of GBCAs. Higher than recommended dosing or repeated dosing appears to increase the risk (5.1) • Anaphylactic and other hypersensitivity reactions with cardiovascular, respiratory or cutaneous manifestations, ranging from mild to severe, including death, have occurred. Monitor patients closely during and after administration of Gadavist (5.2) Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 0.5%) are headache, nausea, and dizziness (6.1) *Sections or subsections omitted from the full prescribing information are not listed


Wilms tumour is the commonest renal tumour, and may be associated with syndromes. Overall the prognosis is good, but that is not the case for the rarer renal tumours.


Background: Children and young people's (CYP) health and healthcare outcomes are often poor. Demand for urgent healthcare is rising. The current model of care is primarily reactive and acute rather than proactive and preventative; leading to increased use and reliance on secondary healthcare services. Over the past 5 years there has been increases in non-elective admissions and attendances and outpatient appointments (1.7%, 3% and 3.2%). At a population level, these small increases incur increasing financial cost and burden on services already at capacity. The clinical-academic Children and Young People's Health Partnership (CYPHP) is delivers  new care models to improve CYP health; with evaluation using robust designs to determine the extent the new model of care is curbing rising healthcare use. Methods: CYPHP is a partnership between 3 large NHS Trusts, including mental health and children's, 2 Clinical Commissioning Groups and Local Authorities, and a University. Model design included analysis of segmented population need, systematic literature reviews, and extensive engagement with CYP, parents, health professionals, providers, and commissioners. An evidence-based implementation plan was agreed to roll out services to a child population of 120,000. We are opportunistically evaluating the service using a cluster randomised control trial (cRCT) design.  Results: We are implementing and evaluating an evidence-based comprehensive new child and family-centred integrated cycle of care including individual and population health promotion; proactive case-finding and triage for ongoing conditions at a population-level; biopsychosocial assessment and self-referral via a patient portal; holistic tailored care, specialist clinics and increased education and training for professionals working with CYP. Services are delivered by multidisciplinary health teams to increase coordination across primary, community, and hospital settings and to better integrate physical and mental healthcare for CYP's social context. The cRCT evaluation design, with nested process evaluation and qualitative studies, will provide high quality evidence of the impact of the CYPHP model on outcomes including CYP health and wellbeing, healthcare quality, and health service and system measures. Implications: CYPHP is implementing and evaluating a new model of care to improve health, heathcare quality, and outcomes for local CYP, contribute generalizable evidence about children's health services and systems, and shape child health policy.


Chernyakov in his famous monograph reveals the concept of the soul through the opposite — the concept of the mind. But the point is not only in the explication of the concept through the opposite meaning. Following the logic of Chernyakov, the soul and mind at a certain stage fall into a kind of dynamic unity as the highest participation in the divine gaze. Being, according to Aristotle, a common feeling, the soul is through continuous "flipping" of private feelings, and so that in the formula: "I feel and understand what I feel," the second term is exfoliated, i.e. the terminological limitation has been removed. As a result, the pure movement "feel the feeling of feeling" is released as a continuity of sensual evidence. The soul lives in the gaps of the mind and sees its infinity in them. Chernyakov draws attention to the fact that any distinction is simultaneously and latently the moment of binding distinctions. But the moments of discrimination / binding in soul and mind are given in different ways. Awakening (discriminating), the soul simultaneously connects the different so as to survey the all-encompassing expanse of itself and all that exists in the unity of self-movement. The soul, like the mind, is a form without matter, but in a different way from the mind. The soul also moves towards the object, but does not deviate from it to meet with itself, as the mind does, but passes through the object at the moment when it is already (still) decomposed or is in a de-objectified form. An object, being the energy of the mind, is "weathered" in relation to the soul, leaving a kind of living sensory imprint, the soul revives when it connects sensory imprints of objects, meeting itself in them. Chernyakov, referring to Aristotle, believes that the general feeling really contains in some way all the objects of the senses (but without matter). We explain to ourselves that these objects are in a de-objectified form. Unimpeded by overcoming (opening) the gap of the mind, the soul "sees" (binds) a multitude of sensory forms, in each of which a free gaze as such is released. This is not a gaze fixed on something unchanging. And it is also not a perception, which, as part of a speculative form, adds a new "perceive something" to "I perceive something". Now the act: "I perceive something" is opened and partially discarded, leaving only an independent, continuous dynamic attachment in the remainder: "perceives" + "perceives" + "perceives", etc.


abstract:The past two decades have seen a significant increase in western drama incorporating digital technologies on stage. While theatre scholars have regularly applied posthuman or cyborg theory to make sense of digital spectacle in performance, this article extends a posthuman approach to dramatic form by considering two plays from the early 2000s, a time of substantial technological change within affluent western societies. In both Lucy Prebble's The Sugar Syndrome (2003) and Sarah Ruhl's Dead Man's Cell Phone (2007), the human characters share dramatic agency with the digital devices that surround them, co-initiating and co-escalating the drama. This distributed agency creates a shift in how the humans begin to perceive themselves and each other: from rational, coherent, autonomous selves – a liberal human-ist subjectivity – to heterogeneous assemblages reminiscent of a digital computer – a posthuman subjectivity. While much posthuman theatre scholarship has focused on digital or bodily spectacle, dramaturgical analysis can also reveal the neglected technology of dramatic form to construct posthuman subjectivities for the stage.


1 Competition is a key factor affecting the performance and co‐existence of species. Most ecological research on competition treats species' populations as phenotypically homogenous. However, plant populations typically contain genetic variation for multiple traits and have the potential to rapidly adapt to changing environments. 2 Recent theoretical and empirical research suggests that such variation and evolution may affect the ecological outcome of competitive interactions. We conducted a series of experiments to test the hypothesis whether genetic variation for competitive traits in a native plant (Oenothera biennis) affects the performance and diversity of competing plant species. 3 In greenhouse and field experiments, the presence of O. biennis reduced the performance and diversity of neighbouring plant species. 4 In greenhouse experiments, we detected heritable variation in O. biennis for above‐ground and below‐ground growth, and O. biennis varied genetically in response to competition, indicating the potential for adaptive evolution in response to selection by competitors. 5 Variation among O. biennis genotypes also affected the performance of neighbouring plants in the greenhouse, whereby genetic variation in O. biennis shoot : root ratio explained up to 41% of the variation in the performance of an exotic grass (Bromus inermis). 6 Despite effects of O. biennis genotype on B. inermis in the greenhouse, variable soil fertility had a much stronger effect on the grass's performance, and there were no effects of O. biennis genotype on neighbouring plants in the field. 7 Synthesis. Our results show that interspecific competition affected the biomass and diversity of plants, but heritable variation in competitive ability of O. biennis is not expected to affect short‐term ecological dynamics in this system. Nevertheless, O. biennis has the potential to influence co‐existence over longer timescales by adapting to competitors.


We show the existence of non-trivial periodic solutions for a class of non-linear equations, model of age-structured populations. To this aim we use the theory of Centre Manifold for a class of abstract differential equations introduced by Desch and Schappacher, and show that a Hopf Bifurcation Theorem can be proved for this class of equations. Finally, we consider some special cases, and present an algorithm for the determination of the type of bifurcation, and show that in the considered cases the bifurcation is always supercritical.


Records from three stations in the Antarctic and one Arctic drifting station show that downward radiation from an ionosonde aerial is reflected from sea water under the ice on which the station is built. As the ice is several wavelengths thick, an interference pattern is established which makes it possible to derive (a) the thickness and dielectric constant of the ice and (b) the direction from which ionospheric spread echoes arise. Spread F frequently occurs at vertical incidence in the polar regions.


According to the latest census, women represent 51 percent of the Greek population. Should this statistic refer to the shareholders of a company, it is women that would run the economic affairs of the country. Yet casual observation and official statistics show that this majority group of the population is an economic minority. Beyond other apparent manifestations of discrimination, female pay is less than two-thirds of male pay. And, contrary to what has been happening in other European countries, the depressed economic position of Greek women has not improved over the last decade. This paper attempts an analysis of the sources of sex discrimination in the Greek labor market, with emphasis on differential pay. Part II is based on information from Census data, while Part III uses data from a special 1977 labor market survey.


For the nonlinear coupled system of two-link manipulators,ADRC controllers are designed for the two joints.A continuous and smooth extended state observer is designed by constructing qin function,accurate tracking control of manipulator is achieved and the decoupling control of two joints are realized by selecting the control parameters of ADRC properly.Simulation results show the effectiveness of ADRC and it proposes a new way for the tracking control of manipulator.


Perturbations of methyl group metabolism have been demonstrated in diabetic rat models. Altered expression and activity of key enzymes were evident at 5 and 11 wk of age in the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat liver. We have shown that hepatic GNMT is induced in type 1 diabetic rats, concomitant with DNA hypomethylation. The objective of this study was to determine how these alterations, particularly in GNMT, in the ZDF rat might be related to diabetic complications, such as cardiovascular disease. Blood and tissues were collected from ZDF (fa/fa) and lean controls (+/?) at 8 wk of age. Blood glucose was elevated 100% and plasma homocysteine was decreased 51% in ZDF rats compared to controls. Using a GNMT peptide antibody, two immunoreactive proteins (32 and 36 kDa) were clearly detected. Interestingly, both the lighter (L) and heavier (H) forms of GNMT were observed in hepatic and pancreatic samples, whereas only H‐GNMT was present in renal and cardiac tissue. Measurable GNMT enzymatic activity was detected in all tissues except heart. There were no differences between the ZDF rats and controls in the kidney, but both pancreatic activity and abundance of L‐GNMT were lower in the diabetic animals, whereas H‐, but not L‐GNMT, was greater in the diabetic rat liver. These results suggest there is tissue‐specific regulation of both L‐ and H‐GNMT during the progression of type 2 diabetes in the prediabetic ZDF rat. (Am Heart Assoc)


This special issue of Production Planning & Control is devoted to the publication of six papers that were presented at the IEPM03 (Industrial Engineering and Production Management, 2003) held in Porto, Portugal, May 26–28. The Porto gathering was the sixth, with the first held in Mons, Belgium, May 1993, the second in Marrakech, Morocco, April 1995, the third in Lyon, France, October 1997, the fourth in Glasgow, UK, July 1999, and the fifth in Quebec City, Canada, August 2001. These conferences are distinguished by a relatively small number of attendees (between 120 and 150) who constitute a 'special interest group' in the field of production planning and control. These conferences draw academics and industrial researchers from the fields of engineering, management and computer science, and are also distinguishable by the relatively small number of parallel sessions (at most three) and the time available for discussion at 'round table' forums, at the plenary sessions, and at each session. The small number of participants, the relaxed pace of presentation, and the convivial atmosphere contribute to a fruitful exchange of ideas and cross-fertilization among areas of study. The papers in this issue have gone through the usual rigorous review process, which explains the interval between the date of the conference and the date of this issue of their publication. These papers cover different aspects of enterprise management from strategic to operational levels. We focus in this special issue on research results with application impact. The paper 'Productivity drivers in machine and metal product manufacturing' by Karjalainen and Miettinen presents the results of a study which looks at the causes of labour productivity improvement in the Finnish machine and metal product manufacturing. The analysis comprises 28 selected cases and is based on data collected using a questionnaire and interviews. Product development efforts, supplier relations and efficiency of production processes seem to be the most important causes for improvement. Tchernev, Grangeon and Norre in their paper 'Heuristic-based approach for an industrial three dimensional layout problem' consider a particular three-dimensional layout problem in a steel sheet manufacturing workshop. The products are laid in a machine according to packs and stacks. The particularities lay on the constraints to put one product above another. The real problem was solved by combining heuristics and meta-heuristics. The paper 'Retrieving designs from a sketch using an automated GT coding and classification system' by Barton and Love presents a novel system that allows automatic coding of engineering drawings and their subsequent retrieval using a drawing of the desired components as the input. This paper describes the development and testing of the search capability of the proposed system using a database of over 3000 engineering components. Data analysis is a promising method for reducing the complexity of information management when handling huge amounts of data. In their paper 'Applying twostage SOM-based clustering approaches to industrial data analysis', Canetta, Cheikhrouhou and Glardon present the performances of hybrid two-stage methods combining self-organizing map (SOM) and traditional clustering algorithms with the goal of identifying the techniques leading to the best clustering quality. The proposed methods were evaluated on industrial applications. David, Pierreval and Caux in 'Enterprise resource planning systems in the aluminium conversion industry' identify important benefits, but also limitations and problems, which may arise when implementing ERP in the aluminium conversion industry. The paper 'An application of cyclical master production scheduling in a multi-stage, multi-product environment' by Van den broeck, Van Landeghem and Aghezzaf presents an integrated approach to solve a multi-item lot-sizing and scheduling problem in a twostage flow shop environment. The problem tackled stems from a real world process and the data used are the actual process information. The objective is to develop an integrated repetitive cyclic master production plan, minimising the total set-up and inventory holding costs of the work-in-process and end products. This paper describes the solution approach, the


Undated publicity photo of Anna Russell. She made her first United States tour in 1948 with a parody of Wagner's Ring Cycle. The back of the image is stamped "ANNA RUSSELL, International Concert Comedienne, COLUMBIA LECTURE BUREAU, 113 West 57th Street, New York City"


TO THE EDITOR: The pathogenic role of precore mutant in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains controversial (1, 2). In the recent issue of this journal, Maruyama et al. (3) compared the severity of liver disease between patients who had emergence of precore mutant within 4 yr after anti-HBe seroconversion (group A) and those who had wild type precore sequence for 4 yr after anti-HBe seroconversion (group B). The results revealed that in the HBeAg-positive phase, the severity of liver injury showed no significant difference between group A and group B, whereas in the HBeAg-negative phase, there was significantly more severe liver diseases, in terms of ALT flare, in group A than in group B. The authors thus concluded that emergency of precore mutant "late" in chronic HBV infection correlated with severity of liver disease, but their causal relationship remained unclear. Several issues in this study should be clarified. First, the study populations are not unselective and consecutive series, so the prevalence of precore mutant in chronic HBV infection should be addressed. Second, the description of emergence of precore mutant "late" in chronic infection is far less clear. As the evolution of precore mutant is not studied in a time course manner, the temporal relationship between emergence of precore mutant and ALT flare is unknown. Third, it remains unclear whether in group B patients ALT flare is associated with reversion of serum HBeAg or mutation in the other regions of HBV genome, such as core promotor region (4). We have studied the ratios of precore stop mutant (condon 28, TGG to TGA) to total HBV by using restriction fragment length polymorphism assays along the course of HBeAg-to-anti-HBe seroconversion in 53 patients with chronic B hepatitis (5). Of these, 43 patients had baseline precore sequence belonging predominantly wild type, and the sequential changes of the precore sequence along the course of HBe-Ag-to-anti-HBe seroconversion are summarized in Table 1. The precore sequence changed little during the HBeAg-positive phase of 2–50 months, but precore mutant emerged in 12 patients during HBeAg-to-anti-HBe seroconversion. Therefore, after anti-HBe seroconversion with remission of hepatitis, 31(72%) had predominant wild type, and the remaining 12 (28%) had predominant precore mutant. Thirty patients had sustained remission of liver disease during a follow-up period of 12–84 months after anti-HBe seroconversion, whereas 13 had reactivation of HBV with relapse of hepatitis between 7–60 months after anti-HBe seroconversion. The risk of reactivation of HBV showed no significant difference between patients who had predominant wild type HBV (10 of 31 or 32%) and those who had predominant precore mutant (three of 12 or 25%). All three patients with predominant precore mutant after anti-HBe seroconversion had reactivation of precore mutant HBV without reversion of serum HBeAg. Notably, of the 10 patients with predominant wild type HBV after anti-HBe seroconversion, only four had reactivation of wild type HBV with reversion of serum HBeAg, whereas the other six had reactivation of precore mutant without reversion of serum HBeAg. Overall, at the end of follow-up, 25 patients (58%) still had predominant wild type HBV (group A), and the remaining 18 (42%) eventually had predominant precore mutant (group B). Of the latter, 12 (28%) had emergence of precore mutant during HBeAg-to-anti-HBe seroconversion and six (14%) during relapse of hepatitis. When our data were analyzed according to the Maruyama et al.'s (3) study, a similar conclusion was drawn: only 16% (four of 25) of patients in group A had relapse of hepatitis versus 50% (nine of 18) of those in group B (p .01), as shown in Table 1. Moreover, studies on the sequential changes of precore mutant ratios in relation to reactivation of HBV enable us to better understand the pathogenic role of precore mutant in anti-HBe-positive phase of chronic HBV infection. The finding of emergence of precore mutant during reactivation of HBV later after anti-HBe seroconversion suggests that emergence of precore mutant is the cause of liver injury rather than the result of immune selection.


Process for treating an article of polymer material for depositing on at least one of its faces a coating with barrier effect, characterized by creating a plasma discharge in a gas precursor or 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane pentafluoroethane, and it comprises, before the creation of a plasma discharge in a gas of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane or pentafluoroethane, creating a plasma discharge in a gas at low pressure acetylene.


and a half years old, who are thumb sucking and mouth breathing. The means of study are norma lateralis teleradiographs made when facial musculature is at rest position. The statistical analysis implies a descriptive and corrélative analysis of 82 variables, and a comparative study with an other sample.


The masticator space is a facial compartment that contains the muscles of mastication, the mandibular ramus, and various neurovascular structures. Primary neoplasms of the masticator space are uncommon. When they do occur, they can be either benign or malignant, such as vasculogenic tumors, lipomas, neurogenic tumors (e.g., schwannomas), sarcomas, lymphomas, and metastatic lesions. Direct extension of tumors involving the structures adjacent to the masticator space is a common form of neoplastic involvement. Common extensions include squamous cell carcinomas, salivary neoplasms, diffuse lymphomas, and adenocarcinomas.' A 47-year-old man came to the office complaining of chronic temporomandibular joint pain on the left, which was associated with a left-sided trismus and a decreased range of mandibular movement. On physical examination, there was soft tissue swelling on the left side of the face and temporal region. In this case, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was the best method of assessing the soft tissue mass. MRI revealed alarge nonhomogenous soft tissue mass in the left masticator space (figure). Histologic examination of the surgically resected mass revealed a malignant schwannoma.


The production and properties of Zn‐metallothionein(MT) in Cordyceps militaris mycelia under zinc ion stress were explored. The Zn‐MT was yielded up to 12.876mg/g mycelium(wet weight) with a zinc concentration of 15g/L and fungal biomass reached 12.021g/L at the end of the fermentation. Zn‐MT was purified with Sephadex G‐50 gel filtration and desalting Sephadex G‐25 gel filtration, and dried by vacuum freeze‐drying. The methods of bradford and silver saturation method with atomic absorption spectrometry analysis were applied to separately determine the proteincontent and MT content, respectively. The molecular weight of C. militaris Zn‐MT was 7 390 Da by electron spray mass spectrometry(ESMS) measurement. The determination results of Ellman's reagent colorimetry and atomic flame absorption spectrometry showed that one molecule of C. militaris Zn‐MT contained 14 mercapto groups and combined with 5 zinc atoms. Amino acid composition analysis showed that the protein contained 57 amino acids, which contained 13 residues of cysteine and one histidine residues, with hydrophobic amino acids accounting for 29.8%. These results showed that the C. militaris Zn‐metallothionein's structure was very different from that of mammal metallothionein but similar to that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


Aim To provide practical microassay for screening α-glucosidase inhibitors in drug discovery.Methods The optimal conditions of assaying the activity of α-glucosidase were determined in 96-well plates under physiological pH value and temperature by orthogonal matrix method.Reaction time and the concentrations of α-glucosidase and substrate were optimized.After the effects of sample solvent(DMSO) used in the assay and stopping reagent on enzyme activity were assessed,the assay conditions were finally selected.Then 492 kinds of extracts from Guizhou ethno-drugs were screened.Results Practical and sensitive microassay for screening α-glucosidase inhibitors was successfully constituted.And in 492 kinds of extracts,145 kinds of samples effectively inhibited the enzyme activity.Conclusion The microassay constituted in this work possesses advantages of being rapid,sensitive,reliable,cost saving,easy and flexible.


As a representative compound of cyclic sulfides, tetrahydrothiophene in different solvents was thermally decomposed under several high temperatures in a microreactor. The observed sulfur-containing product distribution reveals that the solvent used has a large effect on the sulfur distribution. When benzene was the solvent, dihydrothiophene, thiophene, and hydrogen sulfide were the main sulfur compounds produced in the decomposition process. However, only hydrogen sulfide was the main product when tetrahydrothiophene in tetralin was thermally decomposed. 1,3-Butadiene is the significant component among all of the hydrocarbons produced. Plausible decomposition pathways leading to the observed products were investigated by quantum mechanical calculations using the B3LYP density functional theory for geometry optimization and QCISD(T) for energy evaluation. On the basis of the calculated results, favorable decomposition pathways were proposed.


The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris has gained widespread acceptance as a system of choice for heterologous protein expression in part because of the simplicity of techniques required for its molecular genetic manipulation (1). Several different procedures are available for introducing DNA into P. pastoris—spheroplast generation (2), electroporation (3), alkali cation (3,4), or polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment (5). Here we describe a condensed protocol for cell preparation and transformation that works reliably with either auxotrophic markers or antibiotic selection. The introduction of exogenous DNA into an organism requires two steps: (i) the preparation of competent cells for DNA uptake and (ii) the transformation of the cells with the DNA. Transformation of P. pastoris by electroporation is a quick procedure. However, preparation of conventional electroporation-competent cells requires hours of work involving several washes, incubations, and centrifugations. In contrast, competent cell preparation for the heat-shock method is short, but transformation requires approximately 2 h (4). The heat-shock procedure gives approximately 100-fold lower transformation efficiency than electroporation with plasmids containing auxotrophic marker genes such as HIS4. Additionally, the selection of zeocin-resistant transformants using the heat-shock transformation protocol does not work reliably. We have modified the preparation of competent cells from the heat-shock procedure (5) and combined it with transformation by electroporation (3) to yield a condensed protocol that works consistently with auxotrophic markers or antibiotic selection. The main modification of the heat-shock procedure is the addition of a step in which P. pastoris cells are incubated in an optimized concentration of dithiothreitol (DTT). The cells prepared by this "hybrid" method are then electroCondensed protocol for competent cell preparation and transformation of the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris


1. Earth Surface Systems. 2. The Qualitative Analysis of Earth Surface Systems. 3. Order and Complexity. 4. The General Case. 5. Solving Problems. 6. Soil: The Prototype Earth Surface System. 7. Deterministic Complexity and Soil Memory. 8. Scale Problems. 9. Walk That Aisle. References.


To depict the pedestrian characters of Chinese people, field data were collected by video camera and analyzed by statistical tool SPSS. Based on the collection of 1882 personal samples, distributions of walking speed, step size and step frequency were shown in the paper. Statistical analysis was conducted to reveal the influence of gender (including male and female) and age (including children, youth, middle aged and elder) on pedestrian characters. Results showed that walking speed, step size and step frequency followed normal distribution. At the significance level of 0.05, gender and age significantly affected walking speed, step size and step frequency, except walking speed and step size of child and old pedestrians. Results were useful in planning, design and management of pedestrian facilities.


In the title compound, C14H19N3O4, the perhydropyran ring adopts a chair conformation. An intramolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal packing, molecules are linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming infinite chains along [100].


The automatic registration of multisensor remote sensing images is a highly challenging task due to the inherently different physical, statistical, and textural characteristics of the input data. Information-theoretic measures are often used to favor comparing local intensity distributions in the images. In this paper, a novel method based on the combination of a deep learning architecture and a correlation-type area-based functional is proposed for the registration of a multisensor pair of images, including an optical image and a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image. The method makes use of a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) in order to address image-to-image translation across the optical and SAR data sources. Then, once the optical and SAR data are brought to a common domain, an area-based ℓ2 similarity measure is used together with the COBYLA constrained maximization algorithm for registration purposes. While correlation-type functionals are usually ineffective in the application to multisensor registration, exploiting the image-to-image translation capabilities of cGAN architectures allows moving the complexity of the comparison to the domain adaptation step, thus enabling the use of a simple ℓ2 similarity measure, favoring high computational efficiency, and opening the possibility to process a large amount of data at runtime. Experiments with multispectral and panchromatic optical data combined with SAR images suggest the effectiveness of this strategy and the capability of the proposed method to achieve more accurate registration as compared to state-of-the-art approaches.


The local bases is studied for a special class of primitive non-powerful signed digraphs with three cycles.The knowledge about "distinguished cycle pair",Frobenius set and exponent are used to discuss whether there is a pair of related SSSD walks in digraphs,and the local bases and bases are obtained for the class of digraphs.


A total of nine full scale box-beam models were constructed and tested under flexural loads. The main parameters considered in the present investigation were number of wire mesh layers, top flange thickness and span length. The behavior of models was monitored by reading strains and deflections at mid-span and by observing the crack patterns and modes of failure. In addition twenty-four ferrocement beam specimens of 900 mm effective span and 200 mm width with different thicknesses were cast and tested under two symmetric point loads to propose empirical formulae to predict the composite modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture. The elastic analysis was carried out using the nodal section method and a solution based on the principle of virtual work on the assumed collapse mechanism was adopted to determine the ultimate load. From the results obtained, it was found that increasing the number of wire mesh layers and top flange thickness tend to increase the initial cracking and ultimate loads and increasing the span length tend to decrease the initial cracking and ultimate loads. In general a good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results was observed.


This paper reports the soil nutrient, nutrition requirement characteristics of Citrus grandis, seasonal change model of nutrient element absorption by leaf and fruit, relationship between fruit quality index and nutrient element concentration in trees in various periods, as well as the application of phosphorus activation-matter. Finally, the economic benefit of the special-purpose fertilizer series for Citrus grandis is also discussed.


Introduction. This study explores how personal information management practices could be used to help migrating individuals manage their cultural heritage legacies and to investigate how digital co ...


mostly through group contacts. In the early loyalty-security cases, Radical Bar lawyers had both personal and ideological ties to their clients; the Civil Libertarians who took the later and safer loyalty oath cases had neither. Group Advocates, ambivalent about grounds to raise, may, as in the reapportionment cases, use broad ones for pragmatic reasons, but Civil Libertarians would be interested in them for abstract reasons. Casper also suggests that Group Advocates can be counted on in times of repression, whereas Civil Libertarians may be "fair weather friends."


The salary or welfare character of China's housing provident fund is not specified,nor is the self-help or mutual character of the fund extraction and loan clearly defined.Thereby it is difficult for us to regulate income gap with the fund and to appropriately use the fund.Make clear the salary character of the fund and the its self-help and mutual aid character in using,and show these characters through strict using ways,strict extraction,loan conditions and standards,then the use of the fund will be more reasonable and it will focus more on housing security goal.


Workers from a variety of industries rapidly shifted to remote work at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. While existing work has examined the impact of this shift on office workers, little work has examined how shifting from in-person to online work affected workers in the informal labor sector. We examine the impact of shifting from in-person to online-only work on a particularly marginalized group of workers: sex workers. Through 34 qualitative interviews with sex workers from seven countries in the Global North, we examine how a shift to online-only sex work impacted: (1) working conditions, (2) risks and protective behaviors, and (3) labor rewards. We find that online work offers benefits to sex workers' financial and physical well-being. However, online-only work introduces new and greater digital and mental health risks as a result of the need to be publicly visible on more platforms and to share more explicit content. From our findings we propose design and platform governance suggestions for digital sex workers and for informal workers more broadly, particularly those who create and sell digital content.


The hydrogenation of benzeneto cyclohexane over 2-vinyl pyridine and 1,2-(methacrylate) glycol cross-linked copolymer beads wereusedas ligands to formthe corresponding ruthenium complex,the subsequent reduction of which with sodium borohydride displayed goodcatalytic properties in hydrogenation of benzene ring.The experimental results showedthat the catalytic activity can be enhanced withthe in-crease intemperature,pressure and stirring rate of the reaction system.


The aim of this study was to observe the prevalence of testicular microlithiasis (TM) in surgically corrected acquired undescended testis (UDT). The prevalence of TM was assessed by ultrasound. Boys and young men who had undergone orchidopexy (ORP) for acquired UDT in mid or late childhood were observed to study the long‐term testicular volume. During this examination, the presence or absence of TM was also assessed. TM was defined as echogenic foci without shadowing within the testis parenchyma. We included 106 patients who had undergone ORP at the Medical Center Alkmaar (1986–1999) and 155 patients who had undergone ORP at the Juliana Children's Hospital (1996–2009). The majority of patients were white, Caucasian (82%). The median age at follow‐up, 25.8 years (range 14.0–31.6 years) was higher in Medical Center Alkmaar than in Juliana Children's Hospital 13.4 years (range 5.1–26.6 years). From 2009 to 2011, these 261 patients (median age 18.9 years) underwent an ultrasound examination. Median follow‐up after ORP was 11.3 years (range 1.4–23.5 years); age at ORP ranged from 2.1 to 16.2 years, with a median of 8.5 years. TM was found in 17 (6.5%) patients (median age at follow‐up 20.4 years; range 11–28). No significant association was found with the incidence of TM and the operated testis, the age at ORP or the racial variance (p > 0.05). ORP at diagnosis for acquired UDT is associated with a 6.5% prevalence of TM in boys and young adults.


Foreword Charles R. Figley 1. The Therapist Story Virginia Satir 2. Interview with Carl Roger on the Use of the Self in Therapy Michele Baldwin 3. Revealing Our Selves Charles H. Kramer 4. Some Philosophical and Psychological Contributions to the Use of Self in Therapy DeWitt C. Baldwin Jr. 5. The Implications of the Wounded-Healer Archetype for the Use of Self in Psychotherapy Grant D. Miller, DeWitt C. Baldwin Jr. 6. Uses of Self in Therapeutic Boundaries: Lessons from Training and Treatment Fred P. Piercy, Annie K. Bao 7. The Self of the Addiction Counselor: Does Personal Recovery Insure Counselor Effectiveness and Empathy? Meri L. Shadley, Colleen Jo Harvey 8. Functional Analytic Psychotherapy and the Use of Self Barbara S. Kohlenberg 9. The Person and Practice of the Therapist: Treatment and Training Harry J. Aponte, Joan E. Winter 10. Congruence and the Therapist's Use of Self Peter K. H. Cheung, Grace Y. K. Pau 11. An Eastern Perspective on the Use of Self Ekman Pui Chuen Tam 12. The Therapist's Self in the Age of the Internet Joan M. Anzia 13. The Self of the Therapist in the Empire of Overregulation David V. Keith 14. "I" is Rising: Parallel Play, Transcendence, Irony, and Jouissance David V. Keith


The extrusion process has been gaining prominence in the production of fiber cement. This process presents several advantages in the production line compared to the conventional process, such as: fiber orientation, lower water / cement ratio, lower implantation cost and good mechanical performance of the composites. However, due to the compaction that occurs during the process, the composites generated are denser when compared to the composites produced by other processes. The objectives of this study were to produce, characterize and evaluate the behavior of extruded cementitious composites with different concentrations of hydrated superabsorbent polymer (SAP) and commercial air-entraining. Cement composites were produced with Portland cement CPV-ARI, limestone, SAP, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and polyether carboxylic acid (ADVA 175). Cement composites with different SAP concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%) were produced and evaluated after 28 days of curing and after 30 cycles of accelerated aging. The same cementitious matrix SAP, Darafill 300 EXP air incorporator, Drycast air incorporator, brown Kraft pulp of Eucalyptus spp., HPMC and ADVA 175 were used for the production of the fiber cement. The fiber cements with different concentrations of SAP (0.3, 0.5 and 0.7%), Darafill (0.6, 0.8 and 1.2%) and Drycast (0.6 and 1.2%) were evaluated after 28 days of cure. SAP was efficient in the incorporation of air in cementitious composites without reinforcement and in fiber cement, however, there was formation of millimetric voids, substantially reducing the mechanical performance of the materials. After accelerated aging, all non-reinforced composites showed equivalent reduction in mechanical performance. The fiber cement, despite the degradation of the fibers, were more resistant to the aging cycles. The surfactants did not incorporate air in the cements as expected, however, due to the increased wettability, there was an effective hydration of the dry cement grains, which resulted in higher mechanical performance, higher density, lower porosity and lower voids in the interior of the cementitious matrix. In general, fiber cements with SAP are less dense and presented lower mechanical performance in comparison with the control fiber cement, which restricts their application to non-structural materials. However, the use of surfactants, although it does not incorporate air in the cements, may be interesting, due to the increase in the mechanical performance in extruded fiber cement.


In the UK healthcare sector, funding and provision of public care facilities has been primarily the responsibility of government through the National Health Service (NHS). After decades of under-investment and consequent effects on the quality of care, new procurement routes are currently being used to improve the standards of facilities to meet the requirements of modern care services. This paper critically reviews these new procurement routes in terms of concepts and suitable areas of application, and examines how the principal procurement methods have evolved into the forms used for UK healthcare facilities. The paper outlines recommendations for further research in assessing the suitability or otherwise of these new procurement methods, both for construction projects generally and specifically for healthcare facilities.


Aims:  The present study was undertaken to validate, for antibiotic discovery, a reporter gene assay based on a Bacillus subtilis strain expressing the Enterococcusfaecium vanRS genes and a vanH–lacZ fusion, which produced β‐galactosidase activity in the presence of cell wall inhibitors (CWI) and lysozyme.


This paper improves upon an earlier binary rewriter we designed called RL-Bin. Unlike static rewrites, which are inherently non-robust, RL-Bin uses a dynamic design and thus is more robust. However, although RL-Bin works for most compiled binaries, real-world features commonly found in obfuscated binaries are still not handled. The features include anti-disassembly, dynamically modified code, anti-rewriting, anti-debugging, and code convention violation. This paper presents RL-Bin++, an improved version of RL-Bin, that handles various problematic real-world features, thus correctly rewriting for nearly all benign binaries. We demonstrate that RL-Bin++ can efficiently instrument heavily obfuscated binaries (overhead averaging 2.76x, compared to 4.11x, and 5.31x overhead for DynamoRIO and Pin, which are comparable or lower overheads. However, the main achievement is that we achieved this while maintaining the low overhead of RL-Bin for unobfuscated binaries (only 1.05x). This makes RL-Bin++ the only robust binary instrumentation solution capable of being deployed in live systems since the overhead of DynamoRIO (1.16x), and Pin (1.29x) for unobfuscated binaries is too high for use in live systems.


At least since the time of Irving Fisher, it has been clear that nominal rates of interest differ from real rates not because of current or past price level changes but because of expected future price level changes. Accordingly, while nominal rates of return on fully discounted notes are observable magnitudes, expected real returns on the same notes are nonobservable. Nevertheless, real rates of return and real rates of interest are important concepts in the development of contemporary macroeconomic theory, particularly so as that theory develops richer theoretical roles for real rate and inflationary expectations measures. Furthermore, questions such as whether real rates are constant over time or are subject to systematic fluctuation through time reflect attributes of financial behavior that have important implications for understanding macroeconomic adjustment mechanisms. Even so, little attention has been given to the problem of forming and evaluating empirical measures of temporal movements in real rates of interest.' The work done by Fisher and several contemporary followers has proceeded on the premise the expected real rates of interest are constant over time. This theory has usually been examined empirically by estimating a model of the form:2


The choice of the organizational form offirms is influenced by the enforcement of contracts. In the paper the author analyzes the enforcement mechanism of contracts in China. Unenforceable contracts are divided into three types: natural unenforceable contracts, hold up problem related unenforceable contracts and hostile unenforceable contracts. Taking the NEUSOFT Group for example, the author's point of view is that integration rather than long-term contracts is the rational selection of firm when hostile unenforceable contracts are common, reputation mechanism is lacked, and the enforcement of law is weak.


In recent years,the influence of the public emergency has constantly increased in the whole world.It has become a threat to the social order and stability of the world.Obviously,the quality of emergency management is the decisive factor to people's life.As a result,modern quality management emphasizes the preventive management more and more.This paper applies the theory and methodology of modern quality management for analyzing problems of emergency management.On the basis of this analysis,the paper discusses the quality evaluation of emergency management,and meanwhile tries to set up a quality evaluation index system and evaluation model of emergency management by adopting the statistics analytic method,the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy mathematics model.


3-Chloro[1,4]benzodioxino[2,3-c]pyridazine was prepared from 3,4,6-trichloropyridazine and catechol and was catalytically reduced to [1,4]benzodioxino[2,3-c]pyridazine. Attempted nucleophilic displacement reactions of the chloro-compound with alkoxide ions or with amines generally cleaved the dioxin ring preferentially, though with some amines the chloro-substituent was replaced without ring cleavage. [1,4]Benzodioxino[2,3-c]pyridazine and [1,4]benzodioxino[2,3-b]quinoxaline were less reactive; the dioxin ring was not attacked on heating with morpholine but ring cleavage was effected by boiling methanolic sodium methoxide. The preparation of [1,4]benzodioxino[2,3-d]pyridazine by way of the 1-chloro-derivative is described.


The interface structures between MoS2 and amorphous oxides of SiO2 and HfO2 (MoS2/a‐SiO2 and MoS2/a‐HfO2) are investigated through ab‐initio molecular dynamics simulations. The intrinsic short‐range order (SRO) of the amorphous oxide, such as the bond length, coordination number, and connectivity of the oxide polyhedron, is crucial in the interfacial properties. The amorphous SiO2 showing the strict SRO induces a strong interaction with MoS2 and forms interfacial bonds of Si–S, resulting in a significantly increased effective mass of MoS2. By contrast, the amorphous HfO2 has more flexible SRO and weakly interacts with MoS2, which explains the maintenance of the band dispersion and effective mass of MoS2 in contact with amorphous HfO2. These calculation results indicate a possible mechanism of the higher mobility of MoS2/a‐HfO2 over MoS2/a‐SiO2 by accounting for the interfacial atomic structure.