The utility model relates to an engineering surveying auxiliary device, and provides a lighting device facilitating an engineering survey. The lighting device facilitating the engineering survey comprises a shell body (2) and floodlights (3). The shell body (2) is sleeved on a tower ruler (1) and can slide up and down along the tower ruler (1). The floodlights (3) are located inside the shell body (2) and arranged on one side, where scale marks are arranged, of the tower ruler (1). According to the lighting device facilitating the engineering survey, a general position is provided according to a light source emitted by an observation instrument or speaking of an observer, a general position required to be observed by the observation instrument is provided, then the lighting device is moved to the position nearby the observed position by a tower ruler holding person, the height of the floodlights is adjusted, therefore, a lasting and stable lighting source is provided, normal observation of the observer is not influenced, and meanwhile engineering survey efficiency is improved.


WITHIN the all-inclusive field of child welfare, the relatively small area devoted to the placement of children in foster homes becomes increasingly important to professional work, because it is the one area in a wilderness of possibilities and scattered effort where there has been a steady growth in technical skill based on understanding of the meaning and values of so-called child placement to parents, child, and foster parents. To take a child from the home he has known and set him down in the midst of another family, there to find a place for himself if he can, has been viewed through the years, despite increasing use of rapidly changing psychological theory, as a series of necessary but comparatively unrelated events culminating in the child's arrival in a home where hopefully he will remain. Acceptance and utilization of the continuity and living character of this removal-placement experience, shared by own parent, child, worker, agency, and foster parent, constitute something new in social work and in child welfare.


 Abstract—This paper explores the developmental process of managing virtual training for 120 teachers from three different schools. Training session's wereadministered in two phases: authentic environment andface-to-face virtual environment. Observation and content analysis were the two techniques employed in collecting the data. The outcome of the research was production of a system for managing virtual training for teachers. 


Heterologous expression systems (e.g., Xenopus laevis oocytes) are useful to study the biophysical properties and pharmacology of ionotropic receptors such as ionotropic glutamate (iGLuRs) and nicotinic acetylcholine (nAChRs) receptors. However, insect receptors often require the co‐expression of chaperone proteins to be functional. Only few iGluRs and nAChRs have been successfully expressed in such systems. Here, we compared the efficiency of chaperone proteins to promote the functional expression of one Apis mellifera iGluR and several nAChR subunit combinations (α1α8β1, α7, α2α8β1 and α2α7α8β1) in Xenopus oocytes. To this end, we cloned a new iGluR (GluR‐1) and potential chaperone proteins (e.g., SOL‐1, Neto, NACHO) and tested more than 40 combinations of human, nematode and honeybee proteins. We obtained robust expression of GluR‐1 and α1α8β1 when co‐expressed with honeybee chaperone proteins and found that nAChR expression critically depended on the α1 subunit N‐terminal sequence. We recorded small ACh‐gated currents in few oocytes when the α7 subunit was co‐expressed with Caenorhabditis elegans RIC‐3, but none of the chaperone proteins allowed efficient expression of α2α8β1 or α2α7α8β1. Our results show that only some protein combinations can reconstitute functional receptors in Xenopus oocytes and that protein combination efficient in one species is not always efficient in another species.


Fine‐needle aspiration cytology, immunocytochemistry, and electron microscopic findings are described in a case of glycogen‐rich clear cell carcinoma of the breast. the aspirate contained many small and large papillary cell groups and numerous single tall columnar cells with apical cytoplasmic projections and mild to moderate degree of nuclear pleomorphism. Cytochemical localisation of glycogen and immunostaining on air‐dried smears with CEA and actin monoclonal antibodies permitted the correct identification and differential diagnosis of the tumor. Electron microscopic examination of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis of glycogen‐rich clear cell carcinoma. the differential diagnosis and potential diagnostic pitfalls are discussed, and recommendation are offered to prevent misdiagnosis.


LBL-11572 Preprint Submitted to the Journal of the American Ceramic Society QUANTITATIVE STUDIES OF THERMAL SHOCK IN CERAMICS BASED ON A NOVEL TEST TECHNIQUE K.T. Faber, M.D. Huang, and A.G. Evans May 1981 TWO-WEEK lOAN COPY This is a library irculating Copy which may be borrowed for two weeks. for a personal retention copy, call Tech. Info. Diu is ion, Ext. 6782 Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract W-7405-ENG-48


As the state promulgate"going out"policy,China Guangdong Nuclear Power Engineering Company Limited(CNPEC),as one of a handful engineering companies,which has the capability to take civilian nuclear power projects on a general basis,expect to build million megawatt nuclear power projects abroad.Due to the specialties of nuclear power projects,CNPEC will encounter greater challenges during the projects exploration,project follow up and implementation phases,therefore,in order to accomplish the oversea projects target,CNPEC needs to sort out and analyze different risks,take appropriate measures accordingly.


We study the strategic role of inventory in a sequential two-period procurement setting, where the supplier's capacity in the first period is limited and the retailer has the option to hold inventory. We compare the equilibrium under a dynamic contract, where the decisions are made at the beginning of each period, and a commitment contract, where the decisions for both periods are made at the beginning of the first period. We show that there is a critical capacity level below which the outcomes under both types of contracts are identical. When the first period capacity is above the critical level, the retailer holds inventory in equilibrium and the inventory is carried due to purely strategic reasons; as capacity increases, so does the strategic role of inventory. The supplier always prefers lower capacity than the retailer, and the difference between supplier-optimal and supply-chain optimal capacities, and the corresponding profits, can be significant. Finally, we find that the retailer's flexibility to hold inventory is not always good for the participants or for the channel. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Agriculture is the most weather-dependent human activity and hence climate change significantly impacts agricultural productivity. In the present study, an attempt has been made to review the existing literature to document and assess the projected crops yield vis-à-vis actual yield of various crops in India. It has been found that most of the studies have projected decline in yield of crops due to climate change up to 2020 and in future. However, actual yield of various crops in India has shown increasing trend till date. Adaptation measures like the release and adoption of new varieties of crops and increase in area under irrigation, use of more chemicals and fertilizers, improved mechanization of agricultural operations, etc. have contributed in enhancing the crop yield. Thus, such measures should be strengthened by the Government for sustainable agriculture.


The main subject of this interview is literacy in the digital age, considering migration in the globalized world. Digital culture and its differences in relation to print culture constitute new possibilities of experiencing space and time, which consequently produces new ways of interaction between subjects around the uses of writing. The uses of writing and literacy practices are thus developed in contexts whose limits and boundaries are redefined by the empowerment resulting from the appropriation of the devices of literacy world by those who participate in such contexts. Technical resources allow informing through distances, contrasting different perspectives, rescaling the knowledge (about themselves) when faced with the other, the foreign. They enable the immigrant to compose strategies of permanency in the destination country, and provide those who stayed in their home country with resources for the development of new literacy practices.


The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of different mechanics for retraction of anterior teeth. the data were collected from electronic databases (PubMed, Biblioteca virtual en salud, Hinari, Cochrane Reviews, Lilacs, Redalyc and American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics). A hand search of key orthodontic journals (American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, The angle orthodontist, International journal of adult orthodontics and orthognathic surgery, Journal of clinical orthodontics, Journal of orthodontics / British orthodontic) was performed to identify recent unindexed literature. Prospective studies and randomized clinical trials concerning different methods for retraction of anterior teeth were considered. The titles and abstracts that appeared to fulfill the initial selection criteria were collected, and the original articles were evaluated with the methods described by Feldman and Bondemark. were identified 44 relevant articles, 31 were excluded after assessment of titles and abstracts. Subsequently, 13 articles were deemed appropriate to meet the inclusion criteria, however, 7 articles were rejected by poor methodological quality. Only 6 articles met the inclusion criteria and were considered for evaluation in the review. Elastomeric chains produced a similar rate of retraction springs nickel-titanium 150g and 200g. The springs are more effective space closure versus recoil modules with active ligatures.


Remote sensing data have an important advantage; the data provide spatially exhaustive sampling of the area of interest instead of having samples of tiny fractions. Vegetation cover is, however, one of the application constraints in soil science. Areas of bare soil can be mapped. These spatially dense data require proper techniques to map identified patterns. The objective of this study was mapping of spatial patterns of bare soil colour brightness in a Landsat 7 satellite image in the study area of Central Bohemia using object-oriented fuzzy analysis. A soil map (1:200 000) was used to associate soil types with the soil brightness in the image. Several approaches to determine membership functions (MF) of the fuzzy rule base were tested. These included a simple manual approach, k-means clustering, a method based on the sample histogram, and one using the probability density function. The method that generally provided the best results for mapping the soil brightness was based on the probability density function with KIA = 0.813. The resulting classification map was finally compared with an existing soil map showing 72.0% agreement of the mapped area. The disagreement of 28.0% was mainly in the areas of Chernozems (69.3%).


[1] Parallel and oblique proton fire hose instabilities are investigated in the presence of a small abundance of alpha particles with a nonzero drift velocity with respect to protons. Both instabilities scatter protons and alpha particles in the perpendicular direction with respect to the ambient magnetic field and decelerate both species with respect each other; especially the oblique fire hose effectively diffuses ions owing to its non-quasi-linear evolution. Linear Vlasov theory predicts that the presence of the alpha/proton drift enhances the maximum growth rates of the two instabilities in a similar way and that the parallel fire hose is typically the dominant instability. On the other hand, the oblique fire hose has often the maximum growth rate comparable to that of the parallel one and hybrid simulations show that the oblique instability may be active even when the parallel one is marginally stable. Consequently, both instabilities are relevant in the solar wind context.


In this paper the methodo/ogy used in the viability study of a new controlled landfil/ of metropolitan solid wastes site, in the city of Malaga, is briefly exposed. lt is undertaken as an integral study where all the conditioning parameters, the environmental as well as the technical ones, are included. The site selection is carried out by means of a quantitative evaluation of the viability of each one of the alternatives. The conditioning parameters are hierarchized and a viability index is defined


The effective resolution of commercial disputes is becoming more and more important as international trade itself becomes more complexZ Inevitable though disputes are (and there are very many of them) I would nevertheless suggest that the settlement of disputes is only a part, albeit an important part) of the general and much larger framework of commercial law. Indeed the law dealing with commerce is itself only a part of the actual practical business of trading. Within that larger framework) every country and every system of law has its own individual approach, based on its own individual culture. Such an approach is easy to accept, to understand, andso far as the settlement of disputes is concerned-to put into practice, so long as the disputes themselves are domestic) that is, are confined to one particlllar state or one particular system. But in the modern world very few human relations, or legal relations, are purely domestic.Trade relations) disputes and contracts are becoming irlcreasingly internationalised and globalised. There are now over 160 nations whose sub jects may engage in international trade, involving a large diversity of legal systems. There are divergencies within systems as for example is the case with the Anglo-American common law system, the civil law system, and the Islamic system. There remains a very broad divide between common law aIld civil law. In addition there is now the emergence of strongly assertive and competitive systems, of which the most important are Islamic Law (with a number of internal variations), socialist legal systems, the law of mainland China, and the law of Latin America. Against this background, trade in itself is becoming increasingly complex. The major development contracts between developed countries and less developed countries, which have become an important part of international trade, involve very large sums. They also importantly involve long periods of time (often 1 O years or so), requiring very sophisticated legal and contract procedures. The pace of development of technology also plays an important part. This development has to date largely been confined to a few industrial countries, yet its products are sought and obtained by lesser developed countries, caliing for very special techniques to protect the weaker parties, whilst at the same time giving adequate rewards to the stronger. Thirdly) the financing of international trade is now being done under highly complex arrange-


Effecting Change Through Learning Networks: The Experience of the UK Teacher Education Network for Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and Global Citizenship (GC) The article discusses and evaluates the experience of the UK Teacher Education Network for education for sustainable development (ESD) and global citizenship (GC) as a community of practice dedicated to embedding ESD and GC across teacher education in the UK. The article sets out the global and UK policy context for ESD and GC and outlines the differing government support and guidance for ESD/GC within teacher education across the four nations of the UK. The development and activities of the Network as a community of practice are evaluated in relation to the original aims of the Network with respect to the development and sharing of good practice and the embedding of ESD/GC across teacher education in the UK. The article concludes by arguing that the Network is successful in the first of the aims as there is now a vibrant UK wide teacher education community of practice in ESD/GC whereby radical practice can be explored, questioned and shared. However, the rapidly changing government policy context for education particularly in England makes it difficult to predict how effectively the Network can affect policy change and/or long lasting change in course content so as to embed ESD/GC in teacher education across the UK. The authors suggest that the Network will need to work alongside new and existing alliances to try to convince policy makers of the critical need to ensure that new teachers are equipped to develop effective ESD/GC in schools.


In order to improve ship navigation safety in the fog,an image haze removal algorithm was applied to the actual operation of the ship. The fog degraded physical model was established,and dark channel prior knowledge was preliminarily used to estimate sea image transmission map,then the guided image filtering was used to refine the preliminary transmission map. The characteristics of a large area of sky light of sea image were considered to improve the estimation of global atmospheric. Finally,the haze removal sea image is recovered based on the above physical mode. Haze removal algorithm is applied to foggy image acquired by real ship on Mat Lab2012 platform. The haze removal images have a smaller degree of color distortion,and sea targets can be clearly recovered and the cost time of haze removal is short,which indicate that the algorithm applying to ship sailing in fog is feasible.


In this paper, some relations between Lp-spaces on locally compact groups are found. Applying these results proves that for a locally compact group G, the convolution Banach algebras Lp(G) ∩ L1(G) (1 < p ≤ ∞), and Ap(G) ∩ L1(G) (1 < p < ∞) are amenable if and only if G is discrete and amenable.


Objective To study cytosolic basic protein variation between multiple drug-resistant M. tuberculosis and sentisitive M. tuberculosis. Methods Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-CE) were employed to compare the differential expression proteins between 8 multiple drug-resistant strains and 9 sentisitive strains. The differential proteins were digested in gel by enzyme and the mass of generated peptides were measured by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The data obtained from pep-tide mass fingerprinting (PMF) were searched using the internet available database. Results; There were ten repeated differential spots were found and six of them were identified in gel as namely, hypothetical protein Rv2159c, hypothetical protein Rv0068, NuoB, IlvN, hypothetical protein Rv0992. Conclusion These proteins are potentially target sites for chemotherapy against M. tuberculosis and new marker in the detection of resistance of M. tuberculosis, at the same time, this study provides further insights into the mechanisms of drug-resistance.


/The differential performance of polities and economies over time is fundamentally influenced by the way institutions evolve. We do not, however, have a framework which allows us to integrate institutional analysis into political economy. The key to developing such an analytical framework is, I believe, the underlying costs of exchange. The transaction cost literature has focused on economic exchange and the institutions that shape those costs. In this essay I wish therefore to extend the transaction cost approach to political exchange and to explore the interaction of political and economic institutions in the development of polities and economies. I begin by describing the basic characteristics of political and economic rules. I then elaborate a transaction cost approach to political rules and the implications of the consequent political rules for economic rule formation. The final section analyzes the nature of political and economic institutional change and the way that institutional change shapes the historical performance of economies.


Gourna, a vernacular village in Upper Egypt was built above Pharonic heritage site.  ill order to protect the monuments from theft, the Egyptian government commissioned Hassan  Fathy in 1940s to design a new settlement for The Gourna residents. Unfortunately the project  failed as most of the residents refused 10 move 10 the new village. Recently the government  repealed the attempt but this time the second version of the New Gourna came significantly  different from the Fatny's one. The main objective of the paper is to investigate if the second  version of New Gourna is going to overcome the problems associated with the Fathy's New  Gouma and deaJs successfully with the vernacular architecture of the region. It has been found  that both of the two 'New Gouma' projects reveal how the top-down official processes might  end up with either a superficial mimicry to the authentic vernacular architecture or an imposed  alien built environment. Thus, it is expected that the recent project is going 10 end up in failure  as its predecessor. Finally, an alternative approach when dealing with the regions of vernacular  architecture is desperately needed in order to sustain their social, cultural , economic and  environmental essence.


Provided is a method for designing a semiconductor integrated circuit, which effectively performs coloring of a layout. The method for designing a semiconductor integrated circuit comprises: separating a design area into cell blocks; designing a layout in the separated cell blocks; and individually coloring the layout of each cell block. Neighboring cell blocks are separated by a minimum separation distance or greater according to a design rule.


A combined building structure comprises first joists, second joists, interlayer modules, more than two fixing shafts, and locking pieces installed at two ends of each fixing shaft. More than two through holes which vertically penetrate through two opposite side walls of each first joist and are matched with the fixing shafts are formed in the each first joist. A second through hole which is matched with the fixing shafts and penetrates through two ends of each second joist is formed in the each second joist. More than two second joists which are arranged side by side are arranged between two adjacent first joists. The fixing shafts penetrate through the first through holes of the first joists, and then penetrate through the second through holes of the second joists and the first through holes of the first joists in sequence more than twice. Finally, the first joists and the second joists are locked and arranged together through the locking pieces arranged at two ends of each fixing shaft. The locking pieces are contained in the corresponding first joists. The combined building structure has the advantages of being simple in structure, simple, easy and convenient to install, good in stiffness and strength, and beautiful in appearance.


During the last 20 years, infectious diseases have indeed made a staggering comeback for a variety of reasons, including resistance against existing antibiotics. As a consequence, several alternatives to antibiotics are currently being considered or reconsidered. The modification of antibodies is of major interest since changes in their functionality and physico-chemical properties will broaden their application area. The features that make antibodies attractive drug candidates are high target specificity and their organization into distinct structural and functional domains. Antibody therapy has an increasing number of applications in which it is possible to use inexpensive sources of animal antibodies, such as bovine colostral antibodies and egg yolk antibodies. A powerful way to fight infections in our days will be to use immune system as complement or replacement to antibiotics. The immune system and microorganisms have coexisted for millions of years and microorganisms have not become resistant towards them. But, its use is less than expected value still in developing countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, it is better if therapeutic and prophylactic antibodies are considered rather than antibiotics. [Kumsisa Mideksa, Beshatu Ferede and Lama Yimer. Review On Antibody As A Drug Of Choice. Biomedicine and Nursing 2016;2(4):86-]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 13. doi:10.7537/marsbnj020416.13.


In this study, we have implemented an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for detection of mass in CT images for early diagnosis of lung cancer. After completion of preprocessing and segmentation process four features have been extracted from images and given to ANFIS classifier as an input. The fuzzy system detects the severity of the lung nodules depends on IF-THEN rules. Feature based data set has been created with five fuzzy membership functions of each input. The proposed model is applied on more than 150 images and the computer added diagnosis (CAD) system achieved sensitivity of 97.27% and specificity of 95% with accuracy of 96.66%. KeywordsComputed tomography (CT), Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). __________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________


In the present paper, beneficiation of Fe and Mn elements from a ferruginous manganese ore via carbothermic reduction followed by magnetic separation process was investigated in detail. The effects of the experimental parameters were systematically discussed. Iron-rich products with an Fe grade of 62.3% and 88.2% of Fe recovery, and manganese-rich product with a Mn grade of 63.7% of and 70.4% of Mn recovery were obtained, respectively, at an optimal temperature of 1100 °C, with a roasting time of 100 min, anthracite addition of 25%, milling fineness of 90% passing 0.074 mm, and a magnetic intensity of 140 A/m. Furthermore, the morphology evolution and phase transformation laws along with reduction process were revealed by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray detector (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and chemical phase analysis. The results demonstrated that the ferruginous manganese ore reduction can be described as follows: plate-like Fe-Mn symbiotic phase decomposition → granular MnO phase formation → fine metallic iron formation → aggregation of metallic iron → boundary development between Fe and Mn phases.


In the globalized world, foreign direct investment (FDI) is seen as one of the best viable solutions for addressing the issue of insufficient funds in developing and less developed economies. Whether these economies follow the path of Balanced Growth or Unbalanced Growth; there always remains a crunch of domestic funds that can be mitigated through the availability of funds from foreign sources. In addition to the domestically generated funds, the Indian economy has relied on foreign funds and aid, for its growth and development needs from time to time and FDI has always remained an important component in this regard. While the review of the Indian growth pattern in the post-globalization era reveals that the service sector has evolved as the major income and employment contributory sector; this article tries to examine the dynamics of FDI inflow in the service sector and its contribution towards income and employment generation in this sector. Analyses of data from various sources such as CSO, NSSO, RBI and the World Bank reveal that the Indian service sector has continued to receive the highest share of FDI during 2004–2005 and 2019–20. Although, the contribution of FDI inflow towards income growth has been satisfactory; its contribution towards employment growth has been relatively lower.


Madness of this magnitude is a uniquely contemporary phenomenon. The capacity to wreak global havoc and the ability to predict that we are going to exercise this demonic capacity in an increasingly destructive fashion are both very recent additions to our cultural repertoire. Scarcely 10 years ago, members of the scientific community could, with only scattered misgivings, believe that our society was pursuing a sane and fruitful course. It was an honest mistake then. Today, that sort of faith can only be the product of perverse selfdeception in the face of painfully discouraging environmental inventories (NAS, 1969), and well-documented indictments of the technological quickfix (Ehrlich and Holdren, 1969). If men of goodwill and understanding are obliged by reason to admit the error of their culture's ways, will not those errors be automatically corrected? Is it not fundamentally impossible for an entire civilization to apply its efforts toward goals it does not want? The burden of this paper shall be to suggest that the most appropriate answer to both these questions is "No." I shall further attempt to show that the very expectation of automatic social regulation and self-correcting policy formation is, in fact, a major contributor to ecological irrationality. It is difficult for those of us steeped in the lore of systems analysis to conceptualize the awesome discrepancies between the acknowledged goals of a society and the actual effects of a society directing its activities toward a realization of those goals as perceived. To gain any understanding of the situation we first must remind ourselves


In prior work of the authors and co-workers, a vision-based system was developed for characterizing the tribological behavior of silicon-micromachined linear microball bearings. Plain difference methods introduce amplitude and/or phase distortion in computing the derivative signals (e.g., velocity and acceleration) based on the position snapshots. In this paper frequency-dependent amplitude and phase compensation algorithms are developed for both the forward difference and the central difference methods to retrieve without distortion the friction and the relative velocity between bearing elements. Processing of experimental data with these techniques reveals nonlinear, viscous frictional behavior in the bearing. A viscoelastic model based on a continuum of mass-spring-damper elements is then proposed for the ball-groove interaction. Numerical results show that this model captures the nonlinear velocity dependence of the rolling friction observed in experiments.


Background and Objective: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is very common heterogeneous endocrinological and metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age which leads to infertility/subfertility. The medications available are associated with so many side effects. Therefore; the current study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of seed extract of Tephrosia purpurea (TP) in letrozole induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in female rat model. Materials and Methods: Letrozole was administered orally (1 mg kgG1 body weight) for 21 days to induce PCOS condition in female rat model (Rattus norvegicus). Three different doses of ethanolic seed extract were administered to PCOS induced rats orally (100, 200 and 300 mg kgG1) for 28 days. On the completion of experimental period, different parameters were studied viz. ovarian weight, ovarian tissue biochemistry (lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase), hormone assays (testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, FSH, LH, leptin) and histopathology. Results: Ovarian PCOS-induced female rats revealed significant increase in ovarian weight lipid peroxidation and blood plasma testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone when compared to control group, whereas, there was a reduction in the level of blood plasma estradiol, progesterone leptin and ovarian tissue reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase activities. The ethanolic seed extract restored the anomalies in biochemical, hormonal and histological parameters suggesting it might be used in the management of PCOS. Conclusion: Therefore, it might be suggested that ethanolic seed extract of Tephrosia purpurea might be used in the management of PCOS.


Micro-finance has recently attracted great policy and academic interests due to its potential role in poverty alleviation. Among the Muslim population a large segment of micro enterprise owners are sensitive to the religious prohibition of interest. How effective micro-finance can be provided to such segments of the population? This is an important question. During the past three decades interests in the financial contracts compatible with the Islamic law have renewed. As a result now there are public and Islamic private commercial and investment banks, mutual funds and insurance companies and other non-banking institutions offering financial services. A capital market is also emerging and regulatory frameworks are being developed. Thus the feasibility of providing financial services in compliance with the Islamic law is now being widely recognized.


The entire hydraulic circuit of a mid size power agricultural machine (New Holland T6000 of CNH Industrial) has been studied in this paper using a lumped parameter approach, in Siemens LMS AMESim® environment. The analyzed circuit has been split in two main units: the fluid power supply unit and the high pressure circuit with users. The first one converts the inlet mechanical power into hydraulic power, while the third one converts hydraulic power in mechanical power. Each unit has been separately modeled and validated comparing the simulation data of each block with the experimental data provided by the manufacturer. The proposed target of each simulation has been achieved with a good accuracy. The model has been run in several tests where the load has been modeled using a valve and an orifice with fixed section. Tests have been run combining the fluid power supply unit and the high pressure circuit with users. In the final model, the priority valve has been modeled using three different loads called Load 1, Load 2 and Load 3. Each load simulates a user, therefore Load 1, 2 and 3 are respectively the steering, the trailer brake valve and the rest of the circuit. The model demonstrates that it is possible to predict, in a simple way, the real working conditions of the hydraulic circuit. This research  has demonstrated that the study of hydraulic circuits of agricultural machines using a lumped parameter modeling  approach is a valid instrument that can help engineers to design new solutions for energy saving or power management of complex machines.


Abstract : Only limited data are available on energetic residues resulting from the firing and detonation of rounds from 120-mm mortars. After a live-fire training exercise at Fort Richardson, Alaska, we sampled a firing point for propellant residues (NG) and the impact area for high-explosives residues (RDX, HMX, and TNT). The firing point was snow-covered soil, and the impact area was snow-covered ice. The total explosives residue mass averaged 19 mg per round at the impact plume, of which 74% was RDX, 9% was HMX, and the remainder was TNT. Approximately 6 10 4% of the explosive mass (2,990 g of Composition B per round) remained following high-order detonations. A plume sampled near a low-order detonation had near-gram quantities of explosives along its edge, 50 times the average of the other plumes, and over 300 g of HE were recovered there the following spring. At the firing point, relatively high concentrations of propellant residues were found, averaging 14 g NG. High-order detonations deposit very little explosive compounds and are not likely to be a threat to groundwater. Low-order detonations will be the major contributor of contamination on impact areas. Firing points need more study but are an area of concern.


Summary Changes in the growth of tannin cells were investigated in Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) to determine the relationship between astringency and fruit anatomy. In the first Experiment, samples of ovaries and fruit were collected from astringent 'Hiratanenashi' and non-astringent 'Matsumotowase-Fuyu' persimmons, from flowering to fruit harvest. In the second experiment, samples were collected from 'Fuyu', 'Zenjimaru', 'Nishimurawase', 'Saijo', 'Yokono', and 'Tonewase', from fruit set to harvest. Tannin cells appeared approx. 20 d before anthesis in 'Hiratanenashi' and 'Matsumotowase-Fuyu', with a period of rapid cell division rather than enlargement, which stopped 70 d after anthesis (DAA) in 'Hiratanenashi' and 28 DAA in 'Matsumotowase-Fuyu'. Tannin cells were larger in the astringent cultivars than in the non-astringent cultivars, whereas the numbers of tannin cells and the sizes of the parenchyma cells in the fruit mesocarp were similar. Tannin cells appeared to be differentiated in the mature ovary, and possibly protect the young fruit from pathogens and pests.


- System and method of managing an assignment of an aircraft. - On a mission management system (1) includes a flight management system (2) having an architecture with two modules (10, 20) separate and includes a flight management unit (3) to define and manage a flight plan and flight path associated to a flight phase of a mission, an airport navigation unit (4) to define and manage a rolling ground plane on an airport and a rolling path associated to a phase ground mission, and a management unit of a mission plan (5) to manage continuity between the phases of ground and flight mission and prediction calculations.


This paper presents a new circuit topology for electromagnetic stirring (EMS) systems based on Z-Source inverter that can boost voltage while lowers the harmonic distortion of rectifier input current. Z-Source modulation index can control the output voltage of inverter proportional with load changing in EMS systems. Simulations were carried out and the results show the performance of proposed circuit topology.


Objective To develop a novel isolation technique using uncoated dishes and centrifugation method.Methods Human corneal epithelial cells harvested from human corneal limbus tissues,and allowed to centrifugate in uncoated dishes with 1400 r·min-1 and 1800 r·min-1,sequentially.The adherent cells with 1400 r·min-1(ATC1),adherent cells with 1800 r·min-1(ATC2) and non-adherent cells with 1800 r·min-1(NAC) were evaluated with immunohistochemical analysis,colony forming test,ki67 flow cytometry.Results Among three selected populations,the ATC1 with 1400 r·min-1 accounted for(11.32±2.46)%,as 1800 r·min-1 ATC2 for(18.55±2.79)% and NAC for(68.29±4.07)%.ATC1 expressed stem cells of corneal limbus marker ABCG2,p63 and differentiation marker of corneal epithelium marker K3.ATC2 seldomly expressed ABCG2 and p63,mostly expressed K3.While NAC partly expressed ABCG2 and p63,but nearly completely expressed K3.ATC1 cell population had the strongest cell proliferation activity,its colony efficacy and detect rate of Ki67 positive cells were(3.90±0.17)% and(56.78±2.39)%.The colony efficacy for ATC2 cell population and detect rate of Ki67 positive cells were(2.48±0.19)% and(9.67±1.88)%,while the colony efficacy for NAC and detect rate of Ki67 positive cells were(0.84±0.89)% and(4.76±0.57)%.Conclusions The centrifugation technique using uncoated dishes is a new method.ATC1,ATC2 and NAC are stem cells of corneal limbus,transparent expended cells and terminally differentiated cells respectively.


The physical model test of floating breakwater and cage structure is carried out. Under the action of irregular waves, the structure is obtained. Different depth of immersion, Cage depth and wave period work on its Stress analysis of anchor chain. The results show that, when the period is short, the stress on the anchor chain increases exponentially with the increase of wave height. However, under the condition of long period, the variation of anchor chain force with net depth is not obvious, so it is not recommended to hang net cage for breeding.


Cloud and network analytics can harness the immense stream of operational data from clouds and networks, and can perform analytics processing to improve reliability, configuration, performance, fault and security management. In particular, we see a growing trend towards using statistical analysis, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning to improve operations and management of IT systems and networks.


In this work the nuclear-physics methods of analysis of the content of a matter based on the using of proton induced characteristic X-ray emission of the atoms and momentum γ-ray emission from nuclear reaction was applied to determine the gaseous impurities N, O, F and elements B, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Nb, Mo, Cd, Sn, Hf, Pb, in zirconium alloys and to research the absorption of oxygen, nitrogen and fluorine by a matter of tubes made from alloy Zr1%Nb during the procedures of the fabricating of models of fuel assembly. There are a number of the factors, which affect negatively on material of shells and fuel assembly as hole at a technological process of manufacture fuel assembly for nuclear reactor VVER-1000. Such factors are the interstitial impurities (oxygen, nitrogen), hitting in metal during operations of hyper thermal processing, in particular, at welding details of fuel assembly. The gaseous impurities of atmosphere of the weld – nitrogen and oxygen inserted in a welding seam can degrade rust resistance of a seam and slash a plasticity of a material. A surface of manufactured fuel assembly or samples for researches can to be polluted by fluorine from pickling compositions at the stage of a chemical polish by an etching in fluorine inclusive solutions. Fluorine, as is known, is a fissile element lowering rust resistance and of details of ends of fuel assembly.


Scene classification is an important aspect of image/video understanding and segmentation. However, remote-sensing scene classification is a challenging image recognition task, partly due to the limited training data, which causes deep-learning Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to overfit. Another difficulty is that images often have very different scales and orientation (viewing angle). Yet another is that the resulting networks may be very large, again making them prone to overfitting and unsuitable for deployment on memory- and energy-limited devices. We propose an efficient deep-learning approach to tackle these problems. We use transfer learning to compensate for the lack of data, and data augmentation to tackle varying scale and orientation. To reduce network size, we use a novel unsupervised learning approach based on k-means clustering, applied to all parts of the network: most network reduction methods use computationally expensive supervised learning methods, and apply only to the convolutional or fully connected layers, but not both. In experiments, we set new standards in classification accuracy on four remote-sensing and two scene-recognition image datasets.


This paper discusses the on-line control of Hopf bifurcations in multiple-parameter space of loads in power systems. In power systems, the variation process of loads and the control decision-making process are at different time scales. The former is slowly, compared with the latter. So, in general, the loads should not change remarkably during the control decision-making process. Based on the above fact, this paper proposes an on-line method to control Hopf bifurcations in power systems. The method involves the process as follows. Firstly, monitor Hopf bifurcations by computing the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix of power systems at the current equilibrium point. If there is a pair of conjugate eigenvalues close to the imaginary axis, then use the pair of conjugate eigenvalues to compute the approximate normal vector to the Hopf bifurcation set. Finally, regulate control parameters to avoid a Hopf bifurcation in multi-machine power systems described by DAEs (differential algebraic equations). The validity of the method is demonstrated by regulating the reactive power loads in a 14-bus power system.


In this algorithm we use the concept of random function for encrypt and decrypt the image using blowfish Algorithm. At present the need of information security has become a necessity. Random number generator (RNG) is widely used in cryptographic system as the cryptographic keys generator. These keys are the most important component in thesystem since the security of the cryptographic system relies entirely on its quality. This algorithm will be used as a variable key size up to 448 bits Latest mitigation techniques proposed at register-transfer level for dependable cryptosystems deal with time redundancy in an active on-line error-detection scheme. Round-based block ciphers are very likely to be hardened with these techniques. With this approach, attackers must face two trouble:dealing alongside on-line error detection and flouting the obligation locale in the round sequence. PRNG will produce disparate repetition sequences for the rounds of the cryptosystem, making extremely tough to associate output data alongside inoculated faults.


In The Phantom Table, Ann Banfield examines Virginia Woolf's preoccupation—and that of Bloomsbury more generally—with the epistemological questions raised in Cambridge philosophy during the first quarter of the 20th century. The era that provides the context for her inquiry is one Banfield places "squarely within the period of Russell, which ends with Wittgenstein's ascendancy." And yet, she continues, "this does not prevent the Tractatus [Logico-Philosophicus] from playing a role in our reconstruction of Bloomsbury's intellectual world," since its "conceptions, language and dominant metaphors find their counterparts in Woolf, not because she came under its influence, but because she shared its ways of thinking" (9). Banfield astutely posits these shared ways of thinking (the result of fortuitous, perhaps zeitgeistig philosophical kinship rather than any direct mutual influence), and then lets them rest without pursuing


A monolithic view of Classic Maya society as dominated by divine rulers who inexplicably ceased to erect monuments with long-count dates during the ninth century is examined by reference to new information from Terminal Classic sites in the Sibun Valley of Belize. In this locale and elsewhere, the construction of circular one-room buildings — with striking associated artefacts — may be interpreted as signalling social tensions between the orthodoxy of Classic Maya divine rulers and the more heterodoxic beliefs and practices associated with circular structures built at the end of the Classic period. The round buildings are contextualized within the diversity of architectural expressions of the Sibun Valley and also within a peninsula-wide network of shrines. The chronological placement and character of the Sibun shrines is discussed by way of radiocarbon assays, obsidian sourced by INAA, and raw materials used for groundstone at sites throughout the valley. The presence of marine shell and speleothems — likely used as architectural adornment — found in close association with Sibun Valley round buildings permits discussion of the manner in which elements of the local effected a translation of heterodoxic tenets into vernacularized shrine architecture.


The Chinese health system was once held up as a model for providing universal health care in the developing world in the 1970s, only to have what is now considered one of the least equitable systems in the world according to the World Health Organization. This article begins with a brief look at what equity in health services entails, and considers the inequities in access to health services in China among different segments of the population. This article will consider challenges the current inequities may present to China in the near future if reforms are not implemented. Finally, it will take a look at reforms made by China's neighbors, Singapore and Thailand, which made their health care more equitable, affordable, and sustainable.


The rate constant for the reaction HO2+NO→OH+NO2 has been determined over the temperature range 270 to 425 K in a discharge flow/mass spectrometer/resonance fluorescence apparatus. Results, expressed in the Arrhenius form k1= (5.7+5.6−4.0) ×10−12 exp[(130±270)/T] cm3 sec−1, are compared with previous measurements.


Agent-based intelligent manufacturing control systems are capable to efficiently respond and adapt to environmental changes. Manufacturing system adaptation and evolution can be addressed with learning mechanisms that increase the intelligence of agents. In this paper a manufacturing scheduling method is presented based on Timed Colored Petri Nets (CTPNs) and reinforcement learning (RL). CTPNs model the manufacturing system and implement the scheduling. In the search for an optimal solution a scheduling agent uses RL and in particular the Q-learning algorithm. A warehouse order-picking scheduling is presented as a case study to illustrate the method. The proposed scheduling method is compared to existing methods. Simulation and state space results are used to evaluate performance and identify system properties.


Desmoid (desmoid tumor) is a cytologically benign fibrous tumor that originates from musculoskeletal structures of the entire body [1]. The term "desmoid", first introduced by Muller in 1838, derives from the Greek word desmos, which means tendinous [2]. The etiopathogenesis of desmoid is not fully understood, most reports of publications regarding its treatment are based on individual case reports. The prognosis is good, and healing is achieved mainly through surgical excision of the lesion. The aim of the paper is to present a case of a 33-year-old woman with diagnosed familial polyposis in the colon, who has been identified with mesenteric desmoid.ic desmoid.


With the application of new technologies in public security affairs, such as face recognition, speech recognition etc. the data processing ability of police terminals is required to be higher and higher. But at the same time, the acceleration of execution speed will also accelerate the consumption of energy. In this paper, Mobile Edge Computing is used to offload the computing tasks to the mobile edge server by using the Police Digital Trunking network, which not only ensures the real-time performance of the task, but also saves the energy consumption of the battery. We set up a system model about the energy consumption and optimize it according to the access method. We propose a time slot resource allocation strategy for each user to ensure that the total energy consumption of the terminal in the system is the lowest under the maximum delay tolerance.


Neuromuscular characteristics, such as lower-limb joint strength and the ability to rapidly generate force, may play an important role in leg-spring stiffness regulation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between isokinetic knee and ankle joint peak torque (PT), the force-time characteristics of isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), and leg stiffness (Kleg)/vertical stiffness (Kvert) in recreationally trained runners. Thirty-one male runners were recruited and underwent three separate tests. In the first session, the body composition, Kleg, and Kvert at running speeds of 12 and 14 km⋅h–1 were measured. In the second session, isokinetic knee and ankle joint PT at 60°⋅s–1 were tested. The force-time characteristics of the IMTP were evaluated in the final session. Pearson's product-moment correlations, with the Benjamini–Hochberg correction procedure, showed that the knee flexor concentric and eccentric and extensor concentric PT (r = 0.473–0.654, p < 0.05) were moderate to largely correlated with Kleg and Kvert at 12 and 14 km⋅h–1. The knee extensor eccentric PT (r = 0.440, p = 0.050) was moderately correlated with the 14 km⋅h–1 Kvert. The ankle plantar flexor concentric and dorsiflexor eccentric PT (r = 0.506–0.571, p < 0.05) were largely correlated with Kleg at 12 km⋅h–1. The ankle plantar flexor concentric and eccentric and dorsiflexor eccentric PT (r = 0.436–0.561, p < 0.05) were moderate to largely correlated with Kvert at 12 and 14 km⋅h–1. For IMTP testing, high correlation was only found between the IMPT peak force (PF) and Kvert at 14 km⋅h–1 (r = 0.510, p = 0.014). Thus, superior leg-spring stiffness in recreational runners may be related to increased knee and ankle joint strength, eccentric muscular capacity, and maximal force production.


In this brief article, the new editor of the Journal of Family Psychology outlines the scope and policies of the journal, and introduces the editorial team of associate editors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).


In this paper, we analyze the function of executive compensation, as well as the effect of asymmetric information on the effectiveness of compensation contract, using the theory of information asymmetry in information economics. We also put forward measures to improve the effectiveness of compensation contract.


This article presents a single-phase, single-stage onboard plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charger. The single-phase PEV chargers have an inherent problem of introducing a second-order ripple component on dc side. This problem is further exaggerated during the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) mode of operation where it may be normally controlled to supply both active as well as reactive power. During the V2G reactive power compensation, the second-order harmonics ripple component at dc side will increase, which further reduces the life cycle and performance of battery pack. Therefore, a second-order ripple component compensation technique is proposed by precompensating the reference current itself. The resultant reference current is periodic in nature, and accordingly, a repetitive controller (RC) is used, which is well known for its capability of tracking the periodic signals. The PEV charger is controlled in both grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and V2G modes. In this article, the performance of the controller has been tested in eight different modes on active–reactive (P-Q) power plane and found that ripple minimization technique successfully reduced second-order ripple component on dc side. The PEV charger controller has been simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment and implemented on the scaled down experimental setup.


In the last decades the replacement of conventional materials with innovative composite ones is increased significantly thanks to their advantages of lightweight and high specific strength. Nevertheless the heterogeneity and the various damage mechanisms of composite materials make their modelling very difficult. Very few attempts have been done from the analytical point of view in order to describe and predict the impact behavior of composite impact attenuators under axial loading. Towards this goal optimization techniques play an important role as a useful decision making tool in the design of structures. In the present study a theoretical analysis of the failure mechanism, pertaining to the stable mode of collapse, of thin-walled tubes with circular section subjected to axial loading is exposed in order to predict the mean loads and the crush lengths during collapse. The analysis is based on an energetic approach aimed at finding the minimum of the average load function, dependent on several variables, which represents the best configuration of crushing. This was obtained using the particle swarm optimization algorithm. Such type of approach can be useful to design simple structures, as impact attenuators, under axial loading, obtaining results in a short time


Many skeletonisation algorithms for discrete volumes have been proposed. The one given here can be fully implemented in terms of regularized boolean differences, unions and intersections of volumes, without relying on large look-up tables. Despite its simplicity, it is able to compute connected subvoxel surface skeletons that allow volumes to be reconstructed with the desired predefined error. It is based on the application of directional erosions, while retaining those regions that introduce disconnections. This strategy is proved to be specially well-suited for processing extreme vertices encoded volumes, as the intensive use of Boolean operations of the method can be substantially speeded up using the extreme vertices model.


This Conference Proceeding is brought to you by the Bond Business School at ePublications@bond. It has been accepted for inclusion in Bond Business School Publications by an authorized administrator of ePublications@bond. For more information, please contact Bond University's Repository Coordinator. Recommended Citation Marie-Louise Fry and Stephen Holden. "Drink-driving: An examination of instrinsic and extrinsic exchange benefits" 34th International research conference in marketing: Marketing communications and consumer behavior. La Londe les Maures, France. Jun. 2007.


The rapid expansion of flash-based solid state drives (SSDs) makes SSD failure an important factor impacting the reliability of storage systems in data centers.


The distributed cavity phase (DCP) shift is a significant source of uncertainty in the accuracy budget of several atomic fountains (see for instance [1 2]). This effect arises when the moving cold atom cloud interacts with the imperfectly stationary microwave field inside the Ramsey cavity. The effect depends on several parameters: The cavity geometry which determines the phase distribution in the cavity, the atomic cloud position and velocity distributions, the microwave power, the overall fountain geometry and the detection parameters which modify the effective velocity distribution of detected atoms. Due to this large number of parameters, there is no straightforward method to measure the distributed cavity phase shift in atomic fountains. So far, the related uncertainty has typically been estimated based on one of several available models for the phase distribution [3 6], on measurements of the atomic cloud parameters and their stability in time and on worst case calculations of the clock shift.


The recent experimental progress in parity-time (PT) symmetry has attracted great interest. However, compared with PT symmetry, there are only a few reported results on its counterpart, anti-PT symmetry, which would lead to new insights and applications. Experimentally simulating and demonstrating the properties of anti-PT symmetry is of particular interest. Here, we present experimental research for simulating the dynamics of bosonic Bogoliubov quasi-particles with anti-PT symmetry based on single photons generated from a point defect in a gallium nitride film. The dynamical evolution under a non-unitary operator is a continuous complex Lorentz transformation in a complex Minkowski space. The evolved states are located on hyperbolic curves, depending on the values of the new defined inner product, which remain invariant during the evolution. Three types of state, space-like, light-like, and time-like, which are analogous to those predicted by the special relativity, are demonstrated. The results of our work could be helpful to investigate the dynamics of quasi-particles in diverse systems and promote deep understanding of non-Hermitian quantum mechanics in open systems.


The operation flow chart of the Charter is presented on Figure 1. To activate the Charter, an Authorized User needs to prepare a User Request Form providing details on the event. This request is received by the On-Duty Operator (the ODO), located in ESA's offices in Frascati, Italy. The ODO then contacts the Emergency On-Call Officer (the ECO) who is a representative of one of the Participating Agencies. The ECO 24-hour a day support task rotates from one agency to the other on a weekly basis. The ECO has a thorough knowledge of the technology made available by the Participating Agencies and of the requirements for the various classes of disasters. The ECO then has to task the appropriate sensors according to the type of events in the shortest delays. Meanwhile, the Executive Secretariat of the Charter has to look for a Project Manager (PM), an application specialist who is an expert knowledgeable of the area and of the type of disaster and who can take over the project until its conclusion. Once the PM is confirmed, the ECO passes over the Dossier and the responsibilities of the project. The PM has to interact with the various Space Agencies, the Authorized User and the Value Added Reseller to provide the most appropriate, timely and relevant information products to the End User. Depending on the type of event, the Space Operators may provide real-time and archive data from some or all of the available sensors. CSA will provide processed RADARSAT-1 SAR imagery from the most relevant mode; ESA will provide processed SAR imagery from ERS and ENVISAT; CNES is offering imagery from its SPOT series of sensors; NOAA makes available imagery data from POES (AVHRR, TOVS) IB and DMSP (SSM/I, SSM/T, SST/T2) TDR, SDR and EDR data; ISRO provide imagery data from the IRS-1C/1D/P4 series of satellite and finally; CONAE is offering optical data from their SAC-C sensor. The Charter is the first multi-agency, multi-mission, multi-sensor operational service available to the international community. The members participate on a voluntary basis with no exchange of funds.


The authors recommend this book "as an aid to study for the beginner, as a means of evaluation of one's knowledge and as a review for those more advanced in the study of laboratory medicine." It is written in the form of question and answer routines, covering the fields of blood banking, clinical chemistry, clinical microbiology, clinical toxicology, and hematology. Emphasis rests on interpretation of laboratory findings and the physiopathology of disease mechanisms. General principles of laboratory methodology are underscored by chapters on urinalysis, renal and liver function tests, instrumentation, gastric analysis, calculations, statistics, and quality control. Many references to textbooks and recent journal articles make it easy for the reader to update his knowledge wherever a weakness might become apparent. A very significant value of the presented material lies in tying together the findings of the various disciplines of the clinical laboratory into a meaningful result as the physician has to do at the bedside. So, for instance, questions are asked about chemical tests performed on spinal fluid that are useful for distinguishing bacterial meningitis from other conditions, and, where helpful, a brief case description is presented for interpretation. To those clinical chemists who are also interested in the clinical significance of laboratory findings this review can stimulate additional reading and lead to a better comprehension of laboratory results. It is particularly recommended to graduate and postgraduate trainees in clinical chemistry and to those preparing themselves for board examinations in the field of clinical laboratory sciences. By the nature of this book, a few chapters, and some questions, may not be of general interest to the clinical chemistry specialist, but this does not diminish the overall self-assessment value.


This paper is dedicated to the analysis of the the labor market in the European Union compared with the Republic of Moldova. Therefore, the author presents the characteristics of a number of labor market indicators such as the employment rate, the rate of partipation in training programs, the share of inactive people, the unemployment rate etc. These indicators are calculated both at EU level and each member state level.They are also calculated for different categories of people: citizens of the country concerned; citizens of EU member countries, with the exception of the country concerned; citizens of the non-EU countries etc. In the endevor of joining the European Union, this work presents several indicators which describe the development of the labor market. The analysis has found that the indicators that characterize the labor market in the Republic of Moldova are lower than those registered in the European Union. . Although it is difficult to make a comparison between the inactive population in the Republic of Moldova and the EU, as it targets different age groups, we can see that its share is much higher than that recorded in the EU countries. In 2014, excluding people at the retirement age, the inactive population aged 15 years and more is close to the active population with the same age.


The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of magnetic fields on the dynamics of magnetized filamentary molecular clouds. We suppose there is a filament with cylindrical symmetry and two components of axial and toroidal magnetic fields. In comparison to previous works, the novelty in the present work involves a similarity solution that does not define a function of the magnetic fields or density. We consider the effect of the magnetic field on the collapse of the filament in both axial and toroidal directions and show that the magnetic field has a braking effect, which means that the increasing intensity of the magnetic field reduces the velocity of collapse. This is consistent with other studies. We find that the magnetic field in the central region tends to be aligned with the filament axis. Also, the magnitude and the direction of the magnetic field depend on the magnitude and direction of the initial magnetic field in the outer region. Moreover, we show that more energy dissipation from the filament causes a rise in the infall velocity.


Ph.D. TheCentre forRespiratory Investigation, RoyalInfirmary, Glasgow G4OSF Summary Theeffects ofpropranolol andsalbutamol onconventional pulmonary function tests andclosing volume havebeenstudied intennormal subjects. Propranolol andsalbutamol hadminor effects onmeasurements of airways resistance buthadnoeffect onclosing volume which isparticularly sensitive tochanges inperipheral airways. Itwasconcluded thatpropranolol had negligible overall effect oncentral andperipheral airways properties innormal subjects, anditwould appear thatP-adrenergic activity haslittle measurable influence onperipheral airways innormal manatrest.


The 1997 revision of the Australian Standard for design and construction of gas and liquid petroleum pipelines required each pipeline to be designed to control external interference through a combination of physical and procedural methods. However it did not provide guidance on how to judge when control by resistance to penetration was effective in controlling an identified external interference threat.

In developing a revision to the Standard, the responsible committee focussed on developing a soundly research based set of rules that would ensure that the industry adopted a common approach to penetration resistance when applied as a physical control of external interference. This was intended to ensure that a minimum standard for external interference can be relied on for each pipeline.

Notwithstanding considerable research effort both in Australia and overseas, the conclusion drawn, (and reported to this JTM in 2005) was so conservative that it was unreasonable and unacceptable, particularly when its application was mandatory.

Analysis of data from "real" excavators has provided a rational basis for the committee to revise the approach and incorporated requirements for resistance to penetration which, when used with a combination of multiple and independent physical and procedural controls are considered to be sufficient to reduce the risk of pipeline failure to an acceptable level.


The purpose of this study was to find the design method to made the products more safe,comfortable,efficient and suitable to people.Humanistic design is the real and true embodiment of the regards and concerns to people.Human and product become more harmony depending on it.The human factors included in humanistic design were discussed through a case.The real problem existed in computer desk design was explored.The method to choose the height of the desk,keyboard and mouse by applying ergonomic theory and the matters should be taken into account during the course of use was discussed.


The utility model discloses pickling-free phosphating equipment for wire drawing, which is invented for solving the problem of inconvenient operation, serious pollution and the like in the prior art. The pickling-free phosphating equipment comprises a physical derusting device, at least five groups of groove bodies and a hot-air drying device which are arranged in sequence, wherein each group of groove bodies comprises an upper groove and a lower groove which can be communicated mutually; the groove positioned at the upper part is a washing liquid groove, and the groove at the lower part is a liquid storage groove; a circulating pump is connected between the washing liquid groove and the liquid storage groove; and the five groups of groove bodies are a surface conditioning activating groove, an electrolysis phosphating groove, a pickling groove, a spraying pickling groove and a saponifying groove. Metal enters the surface conditioning activating groove for activation after being derusted by the physical derusting device, then enters the electrolysis phosphating groove for phosphorization, the pickling groove for pickling, the spraying pickling groove for spraying and secondary cleaning and the saponifying groove for saponification in sequence, then is dried by the drying device and finishes the phosphorization treatment; and all the grooves are independent mutually, and the cyclic utilization of liquid in the washing liquid groove and the liquid storage groove is finished by a circulating pump. The pickling-free phosphating equipment has the advantages of simple operation, convenient use, environment protection and conservation.


This paper explored the effect of adding organic fibers from either bamboo or sugarcane on the mechanical properties of concrete. Cylindrical and prismatic specimens were made containing 2% and 5% v/w (volume to weight) of vegetable fibers to concrete. Following 28 days of curing period, the samples were evaluated for compressive strength, tensile strength using diametric compression, tensile strength during bending and static modulus. It was discovered that all concretes produced met the minimum strength of 20 MPa recommended by NBR 6118 for structural purposes, and it was observed an increase of the compressive strength on the specimens with addition of organic fibers. Moreover, an increase in the compressive strength was observed in the specimens with fiber addition, although no significant variation of water absorption was noticed when compared with the standard concrete. In conclusion, the concrete containing 2% v/w of bamboo fibers showed better mechanical strength and static modulus of elasticity when compared to both concrete with sugar cane fibers addition and the concrete without any additional fibers.


Last time we have defined the Legendre symbol and proven the following theorem: Theorem 0.1. (i) Let p be an odd prime, then −1 p = (−1) (p−1)/2 = 1, if p ≡ 1 (mod 4) −1, if p ≡ 3 (mod 4). (ii) Let p be an odd prime, then 2 p = (−1) (p 2 −1)/8 = 1, if p ≡ ±1 (mod 8) −1, if p ≡ ±3 (mod 8). (iii) Let p and q be two distinct primes, then q p = (−1) (p−1)/2·(q−1)/2 p q =        p q , if p ≡ 1 or q ≡ 1 (mod 4) − p q , if p ≡ q ≡ 3 (mod 4). Equivalently, we can write q p p q = (−1) (p−1)/2·(q−1)/2 ,


Under dynamic excitation,the loads imposed on the members of the single-layer latticed shells change continuously,resulting in the change of load carrying capacity of the structure.The numerical model for the simulation of the real time mechanical behavior of the member is necessary,to obtain the accurate real time dynamic responses of structures.Based on the mechanical characteristics of the single-layer latticed shell member,two buckling types for compression members were summarized.The buckling criterion of the International Standard Organization was introduced.The three-node plastic hinge beam model and the Marshall model were used respectively to simulate the pre-buckling and post-buckling mechanical behavior of the member.The member calculation model was established accordingly.By this model the reversed processes such as buckling-straightening of the member and the forming-disappearing of the plastic hinge can be simulated.Calculational results indicate that the structural load carrying capacity is overestimated if the members of the single-layer latticed shells are modeled by the general beam element of the finite element program.Dynamic responses were calculated based on the member calculation model presented in this paper.The results indicate that the change of member mechanical behavior and the consequent change of structural bearing capacity of single-layer latticed shell can be calculated accurately.The refined simulation of the full-range dynamic response of the single-layer latticed shell subjected to dynamic excitation is then realized.


Aims: To evaluate the accuracy of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in characterizing breast tumors. Study Design: This prospective study included 254 patients (4 males and 250 females; ages range between 15-78 years) underwent breast MRI examination. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in different MRI medical centers in Original Research Article Elamin et al.; BJMMR, 18(7): 1-10, 2016; Article no.BJMMR.28835 2 Khartoum, Sudan between June 2014 and July 2016. Methodology: Patients were examined using two sequences of MRI; routine-MRI and DCE-MRI. Signal intensities were evaluated from different MRI sequences in different tumors; the histopathology result was used as a reference for each case. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of DCE-MRI were (82.6%) and (73.2%) respectively. In addition, breast cancer was more enhanced with fat suppression images. Image subtraction technique showed that breast cancer has heterogeneous features (89.9%), and ring enhancement was clearly seen on (8.7%). Conclusion: The accuracy of MRI in this study was more than other imaging modalities in characterizing breast tumors. Therefore, it offers a new method to detect breast cancer in its early stage, and help improve the survival rate.


One of the most significant elements of globalisation is the way in which the reshaping of the public-private divide is transforming the relationship between state and economy. In industrialised economies, there is a growing commodification and privatisation of public services, undertaken through the establishment of public private partnerships. State policy is becoming increasingly 'market-driven', managing national politics in such a way as to adapt to the pressures of transnational market forces (Leys, 2001). In developing economies, structural adjustment has removed the state as the principal agent of development, while private agencies are playing an increasingly public role as they engage in public service delivery. These include non-profit organisations (churches and NGOs) and for-profit caregiving and educational institutions (van Rooy & Robinson, 1998). In the political arena, the discourse over donor-defined democratisation has also meant a larger political role for a differentiated set of private agents, in the name of civil society participation, prompting Schmitz & Hutchful (1992) to call this a recipe for 'free markets and free votes'.


This study was conducted at Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt in 2010, 2011 and 2012 growing seasons to estimates of genetic variances, genotypic coefficients of variability, heritability (in broad sense) and the expected genetic advance upon selection of all studied characters of F2 hybrid populations. The four characteristics viz. number of days to heading, plant height; number of tillers plant-1 and flag leaf area had a wide range of variability. The mean square variances were highly significant for all studied traits among this population. Heritability percentage (H2b %) was detected higher for all traits, indicated that the dominance and additive genetic variance play an important role in the inheritance of these traits. The rice genotypes showed a wide range of variation for grain yield plant-1, number of panicles plant-1, 1000-grain weight, number of filled grains panicle-1 and panicle weight. The mean squares for all traits were highly significant. Thus, selection for these traits among these genotypes would be effective in all cases.


As the energy "crises" of the 1970s disappeared, so did the Department of Energy's fossil fuel energy R&D budget. It has fallen 80% since 1980. So, in an effort to get more bang for its buck, DOE's Office of Fossil Energy (OFE) is exploring a new approach for funding R&D work. If it survives Congressional budgetary hurdles, the new approach may provide an attractive alternative to total project funding by DOE. Following the example set by private industry, OFE is exploring the idea of forming cooperative R&D venture pools as a means of leveraging the resources it now has. The possible arrangements to be explored include, but are not limited to, combinations of government funding, technical talent, and laboratory facilities, with corresponding private resources. The idea is to minimize the risks of energy-related entrepreneurship while still leaving the technical and commercial leadership in the hands of the private sector. The primary objectives of the cooperative ...


This document describes the courting of Linda (a coordination language) by Russell (a computation language), and the subsequent conception of their child Lucinda. Mother and baby are both doing well.A number of disadvantages with current Linda implementations are discussed, and a new language, Lucinda, is proposed to overcome them. Lucinda provides multiple, typed tuple spaces, polymorphism, and a novel approach to data structuring and storage.


Cannabis sativa L. is known for its psychotropic properties as well as therapeutic benefits, which have been exploited since ancient times. These are due to molecules synthesized within the plant known as cannabinoids, with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) being responsible for the main effects. These products have significant therapeutic advantages related to relieving nausea and vomiting, as well as stimulating appetite. Recent evidence clearly demonstrates analgesic and antispasmodic effects that will prove clinically significant. The global regulatory landscape regarding the medical use of cannabis is rapidly evolving, as seen in the case of Morocco, which has given the green light for cannabis use through the adoption of a new law, 13.21, that will regulate the entire production chain by establishing a national regulatory agency. It is within this context that our work is framed, with the primary objective is to providing an overview of the new cannabis regulation in Morocco. This regulatory framework will oversee all operations related to cannabis use, from production to commercialization


In this report we present some preliminary results obtained with the last generation of DNA vaccines based on FMDV minigenes designed in our laboratory. Using previously characterised FMDV Band T-cell epitopes, we have tested several targeting signals as carriers for our vaccine antigens. From the different molecules assayed, the signal peptide from the CCL20 porcine chemokine showed to be very effective in vitro, both in terms of antigen expression levels and in its capacity to secrete the peptides to the supernatant of the transfected cells; however when tested in vivo, constructs in which viral antigens were fused to this sp failed in inducing an efficient neutralizing antibody response and pigs were unprotected after viral challenge. In contrast, immunization with a DNA plasmid encoding the same FMDV epitopes fused to a single chain variable fragment (scFv) of an antibody that recognizes the Class II Swine Leukocyte Antigen (SLA II) induced a significant T-cell response that, even in the absence of anti-FMDV antibodies, resulted in total protection of 50% of the animals. Protection correlated with the presence of FMDV specific T-cells prior to challenge and with the development of seroneutralizing activity immediately after FMDV-challenge. Thus, both humoral and cellular responses seemed to play relevant roles in conferring sterile protection against FMDV.


GARCH kind of model is used broadly to study the relation between price volatility and trading volume.A new GARCH model which can divide market volatility into long run volatility and transitory component is introduced to examine the primary theory of Mixture distribution hypothesis(MDH) on price-volume relationship in China stock market.The volatility characteristics of China stock market are concluded.The results of this paper are important for the wardship institution to realize the behavior laws of stock market and to constitute effective policy.


In machine-learning, one of the useful scientific models for producing the structure of knowledge is Bayesian network, which can draw probabilistic dependency relationships between variables. The score and search is a method used for learning the structure of a Bayesian network. The authors apply the Falcon Optimization Algorithm (FOA) as a new approach to learning the structure of Bayesian networks. This paper uses the Reversing, Deleting, Moving and Inserting operations to adopt the FOA for approaching the optimal solution of Bayesian network structure. Essentially, the falcon prey search strategy is used in the FOA algorithm. The result of the proposed technique is compared with Pigeon Inspired optimization, Greedy Search, and Simulated Annealing using the BDeu score function. The authors have also examined the performances of the confusion matrix of these techniques utilizing several benchmark data sets. As shown by the evaluations, the proposed method has more reliable performance than the other algorithms including producing better scores and accuracy values.


As Professor Blum notes in his Foreword to this new edition, on its first publication in 1948, "Government as Employer "was one of the first major works dealing with the problems of employees in the public sector. A classic in its field, and long out of print, the work is brought back into print with a new Preface by Sterling D. Spero, former professor of public administration at New York University, who has noted the changes in public service since his original work appeared and has described the effects of governmental orders and programs on attitudes of public employees in the 1960s and 1970s."


Marsh, 1975), respectively. It is also shown that the distributional analysis is a simple computational procedure that reflects fundamental statistical properties of the underlying reaction time distributions and their interrelationships and that De Jong et al.'s time-course assumptions precluded at least half of these interrelationships. Indeed, experimental results from tasks in which the Simon effect is obtained often violate these assumptions, as is demonstrated in this article. Finally, it is also shown that De Jong et al.'s data are consistent with the hypothesis that the Simon effect and its reversal, irrespective of the task type in which it is obtained, can be accounted for by a common mechanism with 2 independent functional components.


The supercritical water-cooled reactor(SCWR)is expected to have an excellent fuel economical efficiency because of its high thermal efficiency.This article compares CSR1000 with the current mainstream PWR and ABWR on the aspect of the economical efficiency of fuel management,and finally makes an unexpected conclusion that the SCWR has worse fuel economy than others.And it remains to be deliberated whether the SCWR will be the fourth generation of nuclear system.


The invention relates to the technical field of smart card payment and provides a smart card and payment terminal integrated device and a control method thereof. The integrated device comprises a control chip, a display screen and a keyboard. The control chip is used for having data interaction with a card reader through a first communication interface or a first non-contact communication interface. The control chip is also used for reading and writing the information of a smart card and sending the information of the smart card to a smart device. When a transaction information prompt sent by the smart device is received, a password input frame is displayed on the display screen, password information input by a user is sent to the smart device so that transaction can be completed, the integrated device can be used as both a smart card and a payment terminal, great convenience is brought to the user, and the requirement of the user is met.


Inspired by the blockchain architecture and existing Merkle tree based signature schemes, we propose BPQS, an extensible post-quantum (PQ) resistant digital signature scheme best suited to blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (DLTs). One of the unique characteristics of the protocol is that it can take advantage of application-specific chain/graph structures in order to decrease key generation, signing and verification costs as well as signature size. Compared to recent improvements in the field, BPQS outperforms existing hash-based algorithms when a key is reused for reasonable numbers of signatures, while it supports a fallback mechanism to allow for a practically unlimited number of signatures if required. We provide an open source implementation of the scheme and benchmark it.


The voluntary feed intakes of penned rams were measured on three roughage diets containing 15, 9, and 6.5 per cent crude protein. The rams were chosen from three flocks which varied genetically in wool production at pasture. A latin square design was used to examine differences in voluntary feed intake between the diets and the flocks. Feed intake and rate of consumption increased with increasing crude protein percentage of the diet. Daily time spent eating increased from the high to the low quality diet. Within diets, time spent eating was positively associated with intake differences between rams. Feed intake and water consumption were positively associated between and within diets. There were no differences between the diets in water intake per unit feed eaten. Flocks did not differ in voluntary feed intake or in any character associated with intake.


Objective: To estimate the impact of medication adherence on absenteeism and short-term disability among employees with chronic disease. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of administrative health care claims, absenteeism, and short-term disability data using multivariate regression and instrumental variable models for five cohorts of employees: diabetes, hypertension, congestive heart failure, dyslipidemia, and asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Adherence was defined as possessing medication on at least 80% of days during follow-up. Results: Adherent employees with diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease realized between 1.7 and 7.1 fewer days absent from work and between 1.1 and 5.0 fewer days on short-term disability. Absenteeism and short-term disability days by adherent employees with congestive heart failure were not significantly different from nonadherent employees with the condition in most specifications. Conclusions: Appropriate management of chronic conditions can help employers minimize losses due to missed work.


Significance Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder, but there are still no satisfactory treatments. Currently, NMDA receptor-mediated glutamatergic transmission deficiency is thought to be the leading factor in the etiology of schizophrenia, but development of glutamatergic drugs is challenging. In the brain, most histamine functions are mediated by the H1 receptor, and the role of the H2 receptor (H2R) is not quite clear, especially in schizophrenia. Our study demonstrates that functional deficiency of H2R in mPFC glutamatergic neurons may be crucial for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. H2R in mPFC glutamatergic neurons may serve as a precise drug target, and H2R agonists can be viewed as candidates for the treatment. Our study provides evidence for enriching the conventional glutamate hypothesis for schizophrenia and improves the understanding of the functional role of H2R.


Based on the analysis of mechanics, this paper presents accurate and more concise calculating equation of rota-tion spring rate of right circular flexure hinge which is the most popular used flexure hinge. This will be propitious to the design and analysis of flexure hinges. The maximum moment and max-imum deflection of flexure hinge could be applied are analyzed, and their calculating equations are given while stress concentra-tion is neglected. The influence of flexure hinge's design param-eters to its characteristics is described. So this paper gives some theoretic foundation for flexure hinges used in precision posi-tioning system.


To obtain a patent for an invention, the individual or institution which owns the invention (an enterprise, or a public or private institution such as a university or a government body) has to file an application at the patent office. An applicant who wants to have patent protection in multiple countries can file for a patent in each country separately, file a patent application at a regional office, or file a patent application at the international patent office and request entry into the national stage in each country in which patent protection is sought. LinkToContentAt: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264056442-4-en Knowledge Type: Thematic report [1] Other Tag: patent examiner [2] inventor [3] arts [4] novelty [5] patent costs [6] patent offices [7] international agreements and treaties [8] trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights [9] patent law [10] triadic patents [11] intellectual property rights [12] Parent URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264056442-en [13]


The comparative risks of a second cancer diagnosis are uncertain after primary cancer treatment with 3‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT), intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), or proton beam radiotherapy (PBRT).


eous nystagm and Leech described a form of sponta In 1973 Hood, Kya S termed rebound, which had certain remarkable distinguishing characterkic;.' In general the nystagmus, which is vestibular in character, makes its appearance as a first-degree nystagmus on gaze deviation, either to the right or to the left. If, however, the gaze is maintained for some 20 seconds or more, the nystagmus fatigues. Thereafter it may disappear altogether and occasionally may even reverse its direction. If at this point the eyes are returned briskly to the primary position, a transient second-degree nystagmus is induced, beating ;n the opposite direction to that of the preexisting deviation. In this way a second-degree nystagmus to left or to right which is not normally present can be elicited repeatedly, provided only that the initiating gaze deviation is maintained for a sufficiently long period of time. A typical tracing of rebound nystagmus is shown in FIGURE 1. In our experience, patients presenting with rebound nystagmus consistently reveal deranged tracking movements and optokinetic nystagmus together with absent or reduced vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) suppression, which rontinely manifests itself as a marked enhancement of the caloric responses when the tests are carried out in the presence of optic fixation. In addition, there is now a substantial body of evidence that supports our view that this form of nystagmus is associated uniquely with cerebellar disease and in consequence is a diagnostic sign of some significance.' Since our original report, we have had the opportunity of examining a number of patients with rebound nystagmus who have in addition presented with certain interesting features that seem to be related to the rebound and that throw new light upon its underlying nervous mechanism. Consider first the form of the nystagmus itself. Originally we made the assumption that, as with other types of vestibular nystagmus, it was brought about by some form of tonic imbalance that provoked the slow component and took the eyes away from the target, so that the fast component could he considered as a corrective movement that returned the eyes thereto. In the normal course of events, electronystagmography is not helpful in establishing with any accuracy the actual position of the eyes relative io the target. However, in some, admittedly rare patients, in whom the nystagmus on sustained gaze deviation actually undergoes a reversal of direction, certain important inferences would seem to be justified. Consider the trace shown in FIGURE 2. With attempted gaze fixation upon a target deiliated 30' to the right, a nystagmus to the right is initiated, which ceases after 15 seconds. Following a short period of steady gaze, it then reappears beating in the opposite direction. It follows that since these are d.c. recordings, 532


Generalized hydrodynamical equations are derived for a nonequilibrium plasma characterized by different temperatures and velocities for the electrons and ions. Their conductivities and viscosities appear to be inhibited by supplementary dissipation mechanisms caused by the inhomogeneities of the system. These modifications have profound implications for the properties of propagation and damping of ion‐acoustic waves in the system.


Psychrophilic bacteria, which grow on lactose as a carbon source, were isolated from Antarctic polar sea water. Among the psychrophilic bacteria isolated, strain KNOUC808 was able to grow on lactose at below 5oC, and showed 0.867 unit of o-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside(ONPG) hydrolyzing activity at 4oC. The isolate was gram-negative, rod, aerobic, catalase positive and oxidase positive. Optimum growth was done at 20oC, pH 6.8-7.2. The composition of major fatty acids in cell of KNOUC801 was C12:0 (5.48%), C12:0 3OH (9.21%), C16:0 (41.83%), C17:0 ω8 (7.24%) and C18:1 ω7 (7.04%). All suthese results together suggest that it is affiliated with Pseudoalteromonas genus. The 16S rDNA sequence corroborate the phenotypic tests and the novel strain was designated as Pseudoalteromonas sp. KNOUC808. The optimum temperature and pH for lactose hydrolyzing enzyme was 20oC and 7.8, respectively. The enzyme was stable at 4oC for 7 days, but its activity decreased to about 50% of initial activity at 37oC in 7 days.


The aim of the present study was to know the trait and the state of anxiety in a players' sample of basketball, and changeable these related with his efficiency in competition, beside comparing the anxiety been in two games with rivals with different performances. The sample there was composed by 10 players of an team of basketball to the Spanish League of Basketball Amateur (E.B.A.). The used material was the questionnaire State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-S (STAI-S) for the evaluation of the anxiety trait and anxiety been. Performance of the players was measured, in two games, with some of the official statistics of the FEB (total valuation, sum of points, rebounds, received mistakes, recovered balls and assistances; and the subtraction of mistaken shots, committed lacks, lost balls), you are absent committed, percentage of shots of two points, of three and of free shots, and obtained points. The results showed positive correlation between pre-competitive state anxiety and lost balls and negative correlation between pre-competitive state anxiety and percentage of shots of two points. The pre-competitive state anxiety was major when the rival has a major competitive level.


Predicting the destination of a moving object is a popular research subject in location-based services. By predicting destinations, suggestions can be offered to people regarding their trips. At present, there are problems such as data sparsity and long-term dependence based on historical trajectory prediction methods, which affect the accuracy of prediction. To solve data sparsity problem, this paper has devised an improved minimum description length method, which incorporates weighting parameters and optimizes the partitioning of trajectories with undirected complete graph. Long–short-term memory is a trajectory-prediction model that solves the problem of long-term dependence, but the model tends to have vanishing gradient issues when used to process longer sequences. This is because the hidden layers of long–short-term memory is largely affected by the lengths of sequences. Using embedded technology, the authors convert trajectory sequences into embedded vector sequences, and thus propose a deep-learning prediction model, EP-LSTM (Embedded Processing - Long Short Term Memory), which integrates embedded technology and long–short-term memory. The authors have conducted a great amount of testing with real data sets, comparing EP-LSTM with currently available predicting methods. The results have shown that EP-LSTM not only effectively solves data sparsity and long-term dependence but also achieves a high degree of prediction accuracy.


Purpose – This chapter asks what we should make of the gift exchanges that take place between workers and their managers on the floor of a massive offshore manufacturing unit in South India. Such exchanges appear anomalous in the ethnography of global manufacturing yet here they underpinned the organisation of hyper-intensive production processes.

Findings – Following diverse acts of giving, this chapter shows how these transactions constituted the performative and relational grounds on which workers came to know themselves and sought to shape the world around them. In doing so it extends the anthropology of work and labour by showing that acts of giving are integral to global commodity production.


Rudolph Rassendyl's quiet life is interrupted by his unexpected and personal involvement in the affairs of Ruritania, whilst travelling through the town of Zenda, finding himself engaged in plans to rescue the imprisoned king.