Abstract Objective This study determines the seroprevalence and associated factors of rabies in unvaccinated dogs in Sierra Leone. Background Rabies control is poorly coordinated in Sierra Leone which was ranked as the third hungriest country in the world. Due to limited access to rabies vaccines, the need for comprehensive serological data on dogs for control of the disease is expedient. Methods A random multistage technique considering high, medium and low incident areas of rabies cases in dog‐populated communities was adopted. Samples were collected from dogs with owners which were at least 1‐year old. Samples were analysed using a commercial ELISA in accordance to manufacturer's instructions. Results 25.2% of the total 270 samples tested positive for the presence of rabies antibodies. Kenema district had the highest number of positive samples, followed by the Bombali district and Moyamba district the least. Predisposing factors, including sex, the status of castration, the type of settlement, district and the availability of fences at locations where dogs are kept, had significant effects (p<0.05) on the exposure of dogs to rabies. The 25.2% antibody seroprevalence obtained is very low. Conclusions Concerted effort should be made to enhance rabies vaccination through an awareness campaign and provision of vaccine to dog owners. Good waste disposal and management practices to reduce open garbage disposal in communities will go a long way to limit the stray‐dog population and minimize rabies outbreaks especially in third‐world countries where rabies vaccines are not accessible.


Secondary peristalsis contributes to the clearance of the refluxate from the esophagus. Acute administration of 5‐hydroxytryptamine 4 (5‐HT4) receptors agonist, mosapride or esophageal infusion of hydrochloric acid (HCl) facilitates secondary peristalsis. The aim of this study was to determine whether esophageal acid infusion and administration of mosapride had different effects on secondary peristalsis. Secondary peristalsis was performed with esophageal distension with rapid and slow air injections in 16 healthy subjects. We performed two separate sessions with HCl (0.1 N) and 40 mg oral mosapride to compare their influence on secondary peristaltic parameters. The threshold volume of secondary peristalsis was significantly lower with HCl infusion than mosapride (P = 0.01) by slow air injections. The threshold volume to generate secondary peristalsis was significantly lower with HCl infusion than mosapride (P = 0.002) by rapid air injections. More secondary peristalsis was trigged by rapid air injections after HCl infusion than mosapride (P = 0.003). Infusion of HCl or mosapride administration has similar effects on peristaltic wave amplitude and duration of primary and secondary peristalsis. Acute esophageal acid infusion can induce greater mechanosensitivity to distension‐induced secondary peristalsis than 5‐HT4 receptors agonist mosapride. The data suggest that acid‐sensitive afferents are more likely to contribute to sensory modulation of esophageal secondary peristalsis; however, the motility aspects of secondary peristalsis are comparable between acute esophageal acidification and 5‐HT4 receptors activation via mosapride.


Hyperbolic frequency modulated(HFM)signal is insensitive to Doppler frequency shift, but the time width of pulse compression result is large and the range resolution is low,so it is difficult to perform adjacent multi-target detection.This paper uses CLEAN algorithm to process multi-target pulse compression result of HFM signal,and gradually counteract the ideal pulse compression output of the strongest target that has been estimated,which makes the adjacent weak targets appear in turn,improves the adjacent multi-target pulse compression output,enhances the range resolution.Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.


In this study, the physiological and biochemical responses of the freshwater microalgae Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 to phenol were evaluated using 96h growth tests in a batch-culture system. The results showed that low concentration of phenol (<100 mg•L−1) nearly had no effects on the physiological and biochemical characteristics during the cell cultivation. However, the cell growth, Chlorophyll a (Chl-a) and soluble carbohydrate increases in the culture of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 were significantly inhibited by higher concentration of phenol (>200 mg•L−1). These results help the further study of the effects of phenolic compounds on microalgae growth and environment.


The migration of antioxidants including -tocopherol and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) from biocomposites based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and durian rind cellulose into food simulants were investigated. The biocomposites materials containing 1% w/w antioxidant were blended using Brabender internal mixer followed by hot press machine and were then placed in contact with 95% and 50% ethanol at 27°C and 37°C. Released antioxidants were measured by UV-spectroscopy for 45 days. First-order kinetics and diffusion modeling were used to describe the release behavior. The release rates of antioxidant into food simulants displayed the first-order rate constant and diffusion coefficient of 10 -6 S -1 and 10 -10 m 2 s -1 , respectively. The higher diffusion coefficient in each case indicated the faster release rate. The material containing BHT generated the faster release into 95% ethanol than 50% ethanol meanwhile -tocopherol released into 50% ethanol faster than 50% ethanol. For both simulants, BHT presented higher release rate than -tocopherol. For all conditions, the antioxidants released at 37°C faster than 27°C. Therefore, the release rate of antioxidant from the material was dependent on the type of antioxidant incorporated, food simulant and storage temperature. The release behavior of antioxidant can be used for creating antioxidant active packaging material to produce safer foods.


3D printed construction has recently emerged as a new building technology, with various experiences disseminated around the world. This paper reviews existing documents and examples of this technology to characterize its potential projections, particularly those oriented towards improving productivity and sustainability of construction in Chile. Scientific and conference papers, technical reports and thesis are analyzed, as well as the dissemination of executed constructions on the Internet, in order to understand the developments and attributes of this building system. Also, the current conditions and challenges of the construction sector in Chile are summarized, and consultations to stakeholders about their knowledge and expectations of this technology are included. The results from this review highlight the trending topics in different countries, which mostly consist of experimental houses built with cementitious mixes deposited with cranes or robots. According to documents and practitioners from Chile, the interest of applying this technology in our country could be mainly focused on the industrialization of residential envelopes with high thermal and seismic capacities.


The present study aimed to present two cases with a history of
hyperthyroidism who had symptoms of a thyroid storm along with COVID-19
infection. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of these special cases
along with COVID-19 should be considered important.


We will describe the memory enhancement and give a simple three reaction model to illustrate the differences between our technique and a continuous, concentration-based approach using a system of ordinary differential equations. Furthermore, we provide our results from the modeling of two well-known models: the Lotka-Volterra predator-prey and a circadian rhythm model. For these models, we provide the results of our simulation technique in comparison to results from ordinary differential equations and the Gillespie Algorithm. We show that our algorithm, while being faster than Gillespie's approach, is capable of generating oscillatory behavior where ordinary differential equations do not.


Optical Burst Switching(OBS) is an efficient switching technique for the next generation optical networks.How to improve QoS(Quality of Service) support in OBS networks has become a very important research topic.This paper presents the offset-time-based QoS scheme and the wavelength grouping QoS scheme.And a new QoS scheme based on wavelength grouping and in combination of burst segmentation technique and Min-Sv scheduling algorithm is proposed.In order to evaluate the effectivity of the scheme when applied to an optical burst switching networks,an analysis model is established and simulated.The results of simulation show that the scheme can provide better differentiated service,decrease the burst loss probability and improve the channel utilization.


[Extract] 1. Introduction. This study was led by Griffith University in response to a call by the National Climate Change Adaptation Research Facility to review financing mechanisms for climate change adaptation, including consideration of insurance, disaster preparedness and recovery, betterment and innovative financial instruments. The study provides a comprehensive review of the state of financing for adaptation in Australia and around the world, including a review of the role of the insurance industry in driving financing.


This paper empirically investigates the impact of E uropean Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) on oil stock companies. Our results reveal that Eur opean carbon allowance (EUA) price has a significant positive effect on equity returns. We a lso find evidence of an asymmetry in the EUA price sensitivities. In addition, we examine th e EUA price risk across four other sectors namely cement, chemicals, steel and paper chosen on the basis of their dependence on oil prices, in order to investigate if the EUA price af fects other industries in the same ways or not. We find that the EUA price impact is insignifi cant for these industries. Our findings suggest that investors should hedge EUA price risk for portfolios including European oil equities.


In India, groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is grown in an area of 6.4 M ha with a production of 7.21 M t. It accounts for 28.44 % of the total world groundnut area and contributes 24.69 per cent to the world production. Six major groundnut growing states are Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, Karnataka and Maharashtra which contribute to 90 % of total groundnut area of India. Karnataka ranks fifth in the country with a production of 0.38 M t from an area of 0.76 M ha (Anon., 2012). The average productivity of groundnut in India is 1,125 kg ha -1 , which is far below the world's average pod yield of 1,449 kg ha -1 . Where irrigation is possible, higher groundnut yields are International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 5 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


In this article I discuss some of my strongest beliefs and notions about the essence, nature, implications and prospects for the Configuralogy. In doing so, I intend to reveal the most basic observations which underpins this epistemological and methodological paradigm. Special care and treatment is given to the social and human configuration processes, from the configurational understanding of these processes, analyzing the social and human settings and categories that characterize configurations, emphasizing the human self-configuration


This paper analyses the optimisation studies of a pre-stressed embedment-type timber joint system, the Kusabi–Nageshi (K–N) timber joint system, designed to be used for structures in seismic-prone countries. The K–N joint is composed of a triangular-sectioned beam and wedges in combination with bolts. Its resistive mechanism utilises the embedment strength of timber and the pre-stress in association with friction. In addition, elastic energy deposited in the bolt as storage fills the gap as it is deformed during the embedment. With the aim of optimising both mechanically and physically, several alterations were tested in terms of shape (taper angle) and of combining densified veneer wood (DVW) with the joint members. A cyclic loading test of the cross joints was made to examine their structural behaviour. The use of less tapered wedges showed higher stiffness and strength, but the beam beneath was undesirably embedded. Different combinations of reinforcement with densified veneer wood showed that the use ...


In this paper, the properties of sulfur-containing cellulose derivatives, sulfhydryl cellulose (SC) and cotton cellulose xantante (CCX), were studied as well as their adsorption properties and mechanisms to heavy metal ions. It is proved by the experiments that the chemical properties of sulfur-containing cellulose derivatives which are excellent kinds of solid adsorbent are more stable than inorganic sulfides. Their sulfur content reduced lower than 10% when they were exposed in air for one month. Their hydrolytic ratio was less than 3% when they were soaked in neutral aqueous solution for 10 days at room temperature. And the saturated adsorption capacity of SC was Hg~(2+) 58mg/g, Cu~(2+) 17mg/g, Pb~(2+) 55mg/g, Cd~(2+) 29mg/g, while that of CCX was Hg~(2+) 82mg/g, Cu~(2+) 26mg/g, Pb~(2+) 77mg/g, Cd~(2+) 49mg/g respectively. Furthermore, their adsorption capacities on heavy metal ions were not reduced when they were regenerated for 10 times.


Reduction (Na–Hg, tetrahydrofuran) of trans-[RuCl2(CNBut)4] in the presence of excess of CNBut gives [Ru(CNBut)5], which on reaction with PPh3 affords [Ru(CNBut)4(PPh3)]. The latter is also formed on reduction of trans-[RuCl2(CNBut)4] with sodium amalgam in the presence of 1 mol equivalent of PPh3. In order to establish the structural identity of this complex a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study has been made. Crystals of the complex are monoclinic, space group P21/c, Z= 4, in a unit cell of dimensions a= 12.174(4), b= 29.193(13), c= 11.454(3)A, and β= 102.62(2)°. The structure has been refined to R 0.094 (R′ 0.089) for 1 763 reflections. The complex has a trigonal-bipyramidal structure with PPh3 and two bent CNBut[mean C–N–C 130(2)°] ligands occupying equatorial sites, and two essentially linear isocyanides in the axial sites. A similar reduction of FeBr2 in the presence of excess of CNBut, CNPri, CNEt, or CNC6H3Me2-2,6 affords the crystalline complexes [Fe(CNR)5](R = But, Pri, Et, or C6H3Me2-2,6). A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of [Fe(CNBut)5] has been undertaken. Crystals of the complex are monoclinic, space group P21/n,Z= 8, in a unit cell of dimensions a= 18.930(8), b= 11.529(3), c= 28.968(8)A, and β= 108.63(1)°. The structure has been refined to R 0.099 (R′ 0.129) for 4 339 reflections. There are two crystallographically independent molecules in an asymmetric unit, each of which shows marked deviation from idealised trigonal-bipyramidal geometry, the radial ligands being bent. Reaction of [Fe(CNBut)5] with PPh3(1 mol) gives [Fe(CNBut)4(PPh3)], and treatment of [Fe(CNEt)5] with CNC6H3Me2-2,6 affords [Fe(CNEt)3(CNC6H3Me2-2,6)2]. Reduction of [{OsCl2(1,5-C8H12)}n] with potassium amalgam in the presence of excess of CNBut gives [Os(CNBut)3(1,5-C8H12)]. The structure in solution and dynamic behaviour of these complexes is discussed.


Projected changes in the demographic characteristics of the elderly in Canada are described and the effect of these shifts on the residence choices of the aged is assessed. "Different demographic and socioeconomic factors influence the risk of institutionalization: age sex marital status and family income. A poor health inevitably increases that risk. A high level of education doesnt assure home independence but at least it permits a delay [in] the use of [an] institution." (SUMMARY IN ENG) (EXCERPT)


In this study, we analyzed identity construction among young smokers in China, with three interconnected objectives: to theorize the turning points and career trajectory of smoking initiation; to account for their characteristics with interactionist processes; and to critically evaluate the applicability of classic typologies of identity change by Becker and Strauss. In-depth interviews with 24 late adolescents (ages 18–19) revealed a smoking initiation career path of four interconnected turning points, each characterized by interactionist processes. Smoker peers played a key role in facilitating overall career progression, and shame avoidance was crucial to their social dynamics. We also conclude that classic studies of turning points in general, and substance use specifically, are sufficiently broad and flexible to elucidate tobacco smoker identity construction in China, and facilitate a comparison of commonality and divergence among different "becoming" identities. The implications of these findings for tobacco control in China are discussed.


The distribution of the 3-RRR spherical parallel manipulator's workspace is analyzed when the three branches are in different distribution.The three branches equal spaced distribution of the tradition spherical parallel manipulator is changed to unequal spaced distribution. A three branches unequal spaced distribution spherical parallel manipulator is given.Its characteristic of the structural layout is introduced,the inverse kinematics equations and the architecture constraints are established. The shape of the workspace outlines of section αis described. All of these are very useful for the logical design of the parallel manipulator.


Two species of nivicolous myxomycetes, Lamproderma pseudomaculatum and Lamproderma aff. pulchellum, previously considered as strictly montane, are reported from the lowlands (116–192 m a.s.l.) of the eastern Ukraine during three spring seasons. Lowland collections of L. aff. pulchellum show comparatively low genetic similarity with specimens of this species collected at high elevations and may represent a new taxon. Autumn frosts, which occurred before the formation of a stable snow cover, as well as the limited number of days with snow cover exceeding 30 cm, did not prevent the abundant fruiting of these myxomycetes.


two upper thirds of the fibiila are generally caused by direct violence, while those of the lower third are most frequently occasioned by a forcible twist of the foot. In this case, although the fracture was bordering on the lower tlhird, it was cauised by direct violence. Fracture of the fibula is often complicated with dislocation of the ankle-joint, but in this case this was not in the least degree present. Of 207 cases of fracture of the fibula treate(l by Dupuytren* seven-tentlhs of them happened to the righit leg; six-tenths arose from violent adductive miotions of the foot; three-tenths from similar abductive movements; and one-tenth from blows or from the passage of some heavy body over the external and inferior part of the limb. With respect to the seat ofthe fracttire of the fibula, in five-tenths it Was about two incbes from the lowermost point of the external malleolus; in three-tenths below this point;'and in two above it. Cases withjin two iniches of the external malle.olus were often complicated with displacemlent of the foot; the otlhers but rarely. In these and in all fractures in which starch-bandages can be applied, they are found essentially useful in keeping the parts in close approximation.


The robust H_∞control problem for uncertain discrete-time systems with state and input delay is considered.Based on the quadratic stability theory,the problem of robust H_∞control with memory state feedback was discussed in terms of linear matrix inequality approach;a sufficient condition for robust H_∞control is given.A H_∞state feedback controller is designed and can be determined by solving a linear matrix inequality.A numerical simulation is given to demonstrate the application of the proposal result.


A method for the paste (e.g., bone cement or the like) for stirring and coating apparatus, the apparatus comprising: a cylinder for accommodating the paste (3); a reciprocally within the cylinder (3) movable piston (1); a piston rod (2), which can move and rotate the piston rod and constituting the (1) for receiving the piston in the cylinder in the paste (3) stirring mixing elements ( 21); and a locking member, the locking member for connecting the piston (1) and the piston rod (2), to enable 2) by the piston rod ((1) moving within the cylinder (3), whereby paste stored in the external cylinder (2), characterized in that: the apparatus further is provided with a clamping action by a piston rod (2) is secured to the piston member (1), the piston member can be moved the entire length of the rod (2) of the piston rod (2) is fixed to the piston (1) at any position.


If we take the late 1960s as a starting point, an explicitly defined 'critical political economy of communications' is nearly 50 years old. How salient today are the core concerns that shaped this tradition? What are the emergent themes in contemporary critical media studies? While critical political economy's attention to the way media industries are organized and financed has become a more central consideration across the field of media and communication studies, this mainstreaming has been accompanied by disconnection from the critical political economy tradition. Reviewing that paradox, the article identifies emergent research themes and argues for the relevance of critical political economy approaches for contemporary investigations into the problems of the media.


A SCATprogram is developed for calculation of the angular distribution ofmukipIy scattered ions in the case of various interaction potentials. The accuracy attained is higher than that obtained with the well-known Meyer and Sigmund programs. The influence of the interaction potential on the angular distribution of multiply scattered ions is analyzed. A good agreement between the angular distribution calculated by the SCAT program and the experimental data and the results of simulation by the Monte Carlo method is observed.


In this work have been described the possibility of regulation on the physical devices of safety protection according anti-pumping control of turbo-compressor used in metallurgy industry. The general aim of this work is introduce the new trends in control of industry machine. In this work have been devoted especially alert to some new trends with using modern components which are creating together certain measurement and regulation chains. On the base of theoretically knowledge's and practically skills is showed how to reach the best results of control with consideration of safety approach in the general area of control.


My mother was almost seventy, and I thirty-two, when she chose to tell me the story of her life which brought her from Austria to England and finally to East Germany. That was more than ten years ago. The old days made sense while we were talking, and my interest made her more curious about her own past. When I came home in the evenings, I found her going through old letters or calling her brothers and sister in London, wanting to know what they still remembered. Family documents, which had been of no importance until then, were copied, and several times she consulted the encyclopedia, which she was still able to read by herself, to confirm historical dates. Later, when she saw the typed transcripts of our talks, she was disappointed. Suddenly everything seemed trivial and not quite relevant, too inaccurate and subjective. She thought that one could only understand that time if seen in the correct light. She did not share my interest in details, and she ignored my objections. As her daughter it shouldn't have surprised me. She thought the story could not be left like this! Something should be added here or there. But was it worth all the trouble? Did it all make sense anyway? Although she had been fascinated by memories of strangers throughout her life, she now brooded over the question whether they could be of interest to any one at all. As always she was going from one extreme to the other, either all or nothing, something was either great or of no use at all. She did not want to hear


Abstract: Our Portable Occultation, Eclipse, and Transit Systems (POETS; Souza et al. 2006, PASP 118, 1550) have been successfully employed for multiple stellar occultation observations: (i) four systems obtained data in South America during the 2005 July 11 occultation of C313.2 (2UCAC 26257135) by Charon (Gulbis et al. 2006, Nature 439, 48; Person et al. 2006, AJ 132 1575); (ii) four systems obtained data in Australia during the 2006 June 12 occultation of P384.2 (2UCAC 26039859) by Pluto (Elliot et al. 2007, AJ 134, 1), and (iii) three systems were utilized in the Southwestern U.S. for the 2007 March 18 occultation of P445.2 (2UCAC 25823784) by Pluto (Pasachoff et al. 2007 & Person et al. 2007, this meeting).


The version has been simulated the usage of Ansys software program on fluent domain 15.Zero workbench so that you can take a look at diverse parameters affecting the thermal and segment transformation overall performance of heat pipe. Different varieties of glass substances of heat pipe were used with exceptional profile i.e. The simulations have been completed at a variable temperature w.R.T. Time. The simulation of the soda lime silicate glass evacuated tube offers better cost of temperature. It has additionally been discovered that at soda lime silicate glass evacuated tube 0.0005mm wall thickness of copper pipe fabric have interaction with glass cloth configuration shows better convergence compared to preceding configurations. The effects are verified with mentioned base paper results. The configuration of soda lime silicate glass material gives most convergence on all parameters among all the configurations used. Keywords— Heat pipe, Temperature, Borosilicate, soda lime silicate, copper pipe, octadecane


On 17 June 2015, the Competition Appeal Court of South Africa (CAC) overturned the Competition Tribunal's decision which found Sasol Chemical Industries Limited guilty of excessive pricing.


Now days leisure gets more and more important, so we call our society as a general leisure age or an age of leisure popularization. As citizens became anxious for improving their qualitative lives, they wanted more comfortable dwelling environments and leisure places. With all these, the reality is forcing us to classify parks more adequately. Because of all the social characteristics and rapid changes in the urban structures, we are demanded to improve our cities. Nevertheless urban area parks are not satisfying the various needs of citizens and are not playing the various roles, but built in all same types and patterns. Now, our urban area parks can be divided into 4 types according to their sizes, and their attraction distances. But this kind of classification doesn't take into consideration of the location of parks and their spacial uniqueness. Added to this, with this classification, we can't distinguish parks again according to their function and roles. so we tried to clarify the features of the near-located parks and looked through how they are different, checked the environmental factors and local peculiarities that might affect the park. Then we searched for the measures that will be helpful to enable the parks to meet the various needs of people and to function as leisure places and recreation fields showing enhanced utilization rate.


QCD phase structure and a new critical point at finite baryon density are discussed with special emphasis on the interplay between the dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and the color superconductivity. Results of a model independent Ginzburg-Landau approach and of a phenomenological Nambu−Jona-Lasinio model are presented. A theoretical connection between the hadron-quark phase transtion at finite baryon density and the boson-fermion mixture of ultracold atoms is also discussed.


Abstract Causticizing is an important reaction in the kraft pulping process in which white liquor is regenerated from green liquor. In spite of its major significance to the pulp & paper mill, the kinetics of causticizing reaction is not yet well understood. A kinetic model for the causticizing reaction is developed in this study. The model doesn't take into account the mass transfer considerations as the experiments were done with analytical grade lime. The pseudo homogeneous kinetic model developed here is a stiff non-linear differential equation. The parameters involved in the model are solved using Differential Algebraic Optimization Technique. A systematic approach for solving the parameter estimation problem is outlined in this paper. The model predictions were found to be within 1 % of the observed values.


The acute toxicity of difenoconazole and propiconazole for Tilapia were studied.The toxic effects and death of Tilapia were observed.The results showed that LC50 of difenoconazole and propiconazole within 96 h were 4.31mg/L and 4.85mg/L,respectively.The two fungicides exhibited high toxicity for Tilapia.


Medicine is undergoing a revolution. Disease is increasingly being redefined in terms of underlying molecular abnormalities, as opposed to the signs and symptoms of the patient. This new definition is referred to as the 'molecular signature' of a disease and the current developments in biomedical research are accordingly termed 'molecular medicine'. In the case of cancer, we know that tumours result from genetic alterations of cells, which may involve overexpression or underexpression of normal genes, or mutations that generate abnormal gene products. This may affect any of the molecules within the cell, the cell membrane or the cancer-cell milieu. In addition, the microenvironment of a tumour, including stromal and vascular endothelial cells, is important for the growth and persistence of the tumour. This entire constellation of the abnormal molecular biology of tumour cells and their microenvironment is the molecular signature of cancer (Hanahan & Weinberg, 2000).


To show every minute portion of a building by drawing is next to impossible, and would be more laborious than useful, and therefore description in writing is resorted to, by which much labour is saved, and the intentions of the architect more readily conveyed to the mind of the operative. This paper investigates the changes in architectural practice following the introduction of contracting in gross for the execution of building work in early nineteenth-century England. This particular new form referred to two different agreements, either contracting for a whole undertaking by a single builder who agreed to erect the whole of an edifice at a predetermined price and time, or contracting for the work of a specific trade only. The changes in contracting the building work are understood as changes in building practice, whose material product would be the building. In a similar manner the building contracts are considered as the material products of the architectural practice, including not only the working drawings, but also the legal obligations and building specifications. This paper investigates the contract documents that were to be produced in the architectural office in order to build on site as evidence for a response of architectural practice to the changes in building practice. It traces this process in the adaptation of the writings of the legal documents to contracting in gross by comparing the specifications of John Soane's building contract for Tendring Hall of 1784 with the instructions and model specifications of the early nineteenth-century handbooks and practical guides.


The emphasis of this PhD is in the field of original/contemporary musical composition and I have submitted a portfolio of original compositions (volume 1/2, comprising of music scores of both acoustic and electroacoustic music compositions [totalling c. 114:30 minutes of music] as well as written material relating to notation and artistic motivation), along with an academic commentary (volume 2/2 [totalling c. 19,500 words], which places the original compositional work in the portfolio in its academic context).
The composition works in first volume are varied and broad ranging in scope. In terms of pitch organisation, the majority of works adopt some form of modality or polymodality, whilst certain works also incorporate post-tonal chromaticism and serialism into their syntax. Certain key works also explore extended timbre and colouration (in particular for bowed strings, voices, flute and electronics) and adopt the use of timbral modifications, harmonics, microtones, multiphonics, sprechgesang (i.e. 'speech-song'), phonetics and the incorporation of electroacoustic sampling, sound
synthesis and processing.
The academic commentary in the second volume sets out several initial theoretical pitch organisation models (namely relating to modes, polymodes, rows, serial techniques and intervallic cells), with a particular emphasis placed on the formation of a melodic/harmonic language which is fundamentally polymodal, polychordal and polyharmonic.
The commentary then takes a closer look at various works within the portfolio which adopt modal, polymodal and chromatic forms of pitch-organisation (whilst intermittently discussing wider musical parameters, such as rhythm, counterpoint, timbre, structure etc...). Separate chapters also discuss a work for flute and electronics and a lengthy work for string quartet (inspired by urban dystopian film) in greater depth.
The commentary also discusses my style of writing, placing individual works within the portfolio in their academic context alongside key influences as well as contextualising non-musical aesthetics and sources of artistic inspiration relating to my work.


This invention relates to a dynamic cipher system and a method based on a mobile communication terminal including a mobile communication terminal and a dynamic cipher check server. Said terminal includes a dynamic cipher generating unit for collecting the current time taken as the dynamic cipher generation time to generate a dynamic cipher combining with a symmetric cipher algorithm and output the cipher code. Said check server includes: a cipher code check unit for obtaining said code and solving the generation time of the cipher from the code, comparing the generation time with the server system time, if they are synchronous, then an algorithm the same with said symmetric cipher algorithm generates a check code, if the dynamic cipher is the same with the check, the dynamic passes through the check.


In their critique of our recent paper on theoretical sampling in the Journal of Advanced Nursing (McCrae & Purssell, 2016), Gentles and Vilches (2017) show the importance of terminological clarity in qualitative research. As keen exponents of grounded theory, Gentles and Vilches display a sophisticated and nuanced understanding of the principles and practice of theoretical sampling. Our paper, however, was written from a different standpoint to theirs. We strive to improve the quality of nursing research, and our scrutiny of grounded theory studies was within a theme that has also included systematic reviewing in nursing journals (McCrae, Blackstock, & Purssell, 2015). The same methodological standards should apply to research by nurses as to any other researchers, but as nursing scholars we are conscious of the particular needs of students and researchers in our discipline. Nursing, indeed, has a strong qualitative tradition. Nurses consider patients holistically, being more orientated to care than cure. While medicine typically measures outcomes, nurses tend to be more concerned with the patient's experience: How it feels to be the human being receiving treatment in a clinical environment rather than merely assessing symptoms. Interestingly, the original work on grounded theory by Glaser and Strauss (1965) was in palliative care, and Strauss had previously conducted notable research in mental hospitals (Strauss & Shabshin, 1961). Nonetheless, qualitative research by nurses is not always of good quality. Rigor is as important in qualitative studies as in any other form of scientific investigation. As well as lecturers who teach, supervise, and examine academic work by nursing students, we have both had years of experience on research ethics committees, and our shared observation is of the principles and procedures of qualitative research frequently being applied loosely or haphazardly. Often, we have found researchers claiming to use grounded theory when core components of that method are not applied. Undoubtedly, the quality of nursing research has improved, judging by academic journals, but


This paper defines derivative descendants and ascendants of extended cyclic codes from the derivative of the Mattson-Solomon polynomials. It proves that the derivative descendants of an extended cyclic code in different directions are the same. It allows us to perform soft-decision decoding on extended cyclic codes based on the soft-decision decoding of their descendants. Simulation results show that its performance over certain extended cyclic codes, including some extended BCH codes, can be close to that of the maximum likelihood decoding.


A simple means of detecting the presence of a buried line radiator by its characteristic interference pattern above ground is proposed. The feasibility is demonstrated by measurements on a buried dipole oscillator at 1 GHz.


We use Global Navigation Satellite Systems observations in northeastern Venezuela to constrain the El Pilar Fault (EPF) kinematics and to explore the effects of the variable elastic properties of the surrounding medium and of the fault geometry on inferred slip rates and locking depth. The velocity field exhibits an asymmetric velocity gradient on either side of the EPF. We use five different approaches to explore possible models to explain this asymmetry. First, we infer a 1.6 km locking depth using a classic elastic half‐space dislocation model. Second, we infer a 1.5 km locking depth and a 0.33 asymmetry coefficient using a heterogeneous asymmetric model, including contrasting material properties on either side of a vertical fault, suggesting that the igneous‐metamorphic terranes on the northern side are ~2 times more rigid than the sedimentary southern side. Third, we use a three‐dimensional elastostatic model to evaluate the presence of a compliant zone, suggesting a 30% reduction of rigidity in the upper 3 km at the depth of a 1 to 5 km wide fault zone. Fourth, we evaluate the distribution of fault slip, revealing a widespread partial creep pattern in the eastern upper segment, while the upper western segment exhibits a partially locked area, which coincides with the rupture surface of the 1797 and 1929 earthquakes. To supplement these models, we upgrade the previously published displacement simulation method using nonvertical dislocations with data acquired between 2003 and 2013. The localized aseismic displacement pattern associated with creeping or partially creeping fault segments could explain the low level of historic seismicity.


The study of seeding cells have always been a hot spot in tissue engineering.Adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs),a kind of new adult stem cells which had the ability of the multiple differentiation to bone,cartilage,sebum,muscle,endodermis and nerves,were becoming the seeding cell gradually in tissue engineering just because of its several conspicuous advantages.This paper focused on the plasticity of ADSCs and reviewed the new advances of this field.Finally,the prospect for application was also discussed.


The construction and behaviour of a cloud chamber of internal dimensions 50 cm. × 25 cm. is given in detail. It has its plane arranged vertically and is of the type recently described by C. T. R. Wilson, except that no rubber diaphragm is used. Many straight tracks 50 cm. long have been obtained; the tracks were found to have a breadth of o18 mm. on the photographic plate, which corresponds to a real track breadth of 2.2 mm. With 8 volts per cm., a separation of 6.4 mm. was found between the positive and negative ions.


The purpose of this study is to estimate whether grades given by IOTN index for assessing malocclusion is reliable and whether it may be predictive for potential cooperation. Methodologystudy cast and dental photographs of 50 patients with different malocclusion were given to 10 experienced (more than 5 year experience) orthodontists and requested to score them on the basis of DHC and AC components of IOTN. Resultthe outcome of the study shows that both DHC and AC reflects subjective perception of dental health and need for orthodontic treatment. ConclusionIOTN can be reliably used to assess severity of malocclusion. However, further study using large sample size is needed. Key wordsIOTN, dental health component (DHC), aesthetic component (AC), malocclusion. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Date of Submission: 26-01-2021 Date of Acceptance: 11-02-2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Mesothelioma is most commonly thought of as a pathology of the lungs; however, in rare cases it may develop in other areas of the body. Vague symptoms and lack of visible tumors in the beginning stages of the disease can make this pathology difficult to diagnose when manifesting in locations other than the lungs. This case study presents a rare occurrence of peritoneal mesothelioma. Multiple imaging modalities typically play a role in the diagnosis of this pathology, including sonography and computed tomography. The case report highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic values sonography can offer for such pathology.


This research aims to describe: (1) markers of coherence contained in the discourse of the daily editorial Kompas edition April 2018; (2) marker of coherence contained in the discourse of the daily editorial Kompas edition April 2018. Relevance of the editorial as an Indonesian language in high school. This research uses type research descriptive qualitative with the approach of content study. The results this study shows the existence of cohesiveness of discourse in editorial, that is (1) marker the grammatical cohesion found consisting of reference, replacement, conjunction, and releases. (2) the use of the highest lexical cohesion marker, the repetition shown as many, antonym, synonim, hyponim, and the equivalent. (3) the found coherence marker is composed from causality, contrast, additive, details, temporal, and coherence not perian perian as much as 1 data. The coherence markers that the domain emerges are markers of coherence contrast. Seen from the results found that the marker of contrast as. The daily Kompas editorial has tje potential to be used and developed as a learning material for learning Indonesian in high school class XII.


Paper Construction industry has been conducted various studies on the utilization of waste materials in concrete productions in order to decrease the usage of natural resources. This research paper exhibits the evaluation and the effective reuse of waste construction materials and industries, such as cuddapah waste aggregate as partial replacement of conventional coarse aggregate and copper slag as partial replacement of river sand (fine aggregate). Experiments were conducted to find out the mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive, splitting tensile, flexural strengths and the modulus of elasticity of concrete for waste materials aggregate concrete and to compare them with those of conventional aggregate concrete. Results appear that waste materials in concrete have the potential to produce good quality concrete mixtures.


A representative sample (response rate 83%) of 3734 Finnish adolescents was surveyed on health habits by a mailed questionnaire in 1983. Questions included use of different milk types, butter, margarine, sweet pastry, coffee sugar, coffee, sweetened yogurt, candies and soft drinks. Food consumption patterns were analysed by age, sex, place of residence (rural/urban) and father's occupation and education using logistic regression analysis. Father's socio‐ecnomic status (SES) had a strong effect on the use of margarine, butter, high and low fat milks, and sweet pastry; age affected coffee, sweets and sweetened yoghurt; and sex affected coffee sugar and soft drinks. Children of farmers and lower socio‐ecnomic groups used high‐fat milk, butter and sweet pastry more often than those of white‐collar families. SES effect was stronger among the younger age groups. Coffee and soft drink usage increased by age, sweetened yogurt decreased, whereas use of candies was highest around age 15. Girls, especially in the ol...


In this paper, we propose a novel multiresolution adaptive mesh refinement algorithm for solving initial-boundary value problems (IBVP) for evolution PDEs. The proposed algorithm dynamically adapts the grid to any existing or emerging irregularities in the solution, by refining the grid only at those places where the solution exhibits sharp features. The main advantage of the proposed grid adaptation method is that it results in a grid with a fewer number of nodes when compared to adaptive grids generated by existing multiresolution-based mesh refinement techniques. Several examples show the robustness and stability of the proposed algorithm.


In this paper we explore a learning algorithm for 2x2 games. We assume that the players neither know the payoff matrix of their opponent nor their own and can only observe their own actions and their own payoffs. We prove that the learning process, which is modelled by a generalized urn scheme, converges to a pure strategy profile if the game has at least one strict Nash equilibrium. In case there is no strict Nash equilibrium, the learning algorithm exhibits oscillations. We derive sufficient conditions that cycling occurs in a generalized urn scheme.


This paper explores the possibilities of usmg narrow transcriptions as an enriched alternative to an open response identification test in the evaluation of synthetic speech at the segmental level. To that end, transcriptions of synthesized phonemes were compared with the corresponding identification data. It is concluded that transcription should not be used in place of but rather in combination with an identification test.


The purpose of the study is to reveal the patterns of pictorial coding and the formation of symbolic images and visual systems based on them in propaganda graphics during the war between russia and Ukraine. Research methods. The methodology of the research is based on semantic and structural art analysis. The scientific novelty of the research is the reflecting of the spectrum of iconic and symbolic images, which represent the accuracy of coding socio-historical events and the clarity of their fixation in visual communications; and also – detection of differentiation of standard and innovative signs and symbols. Conclusions. In the considered poster projects, the most characteristic forms of image-visual coding of information are highlighted; there are established "traditional", "innovative" and "situational" symbolic forms, and the conditions of their interaction to ensure the quality of the communicative process are defined. Thus, the campaign graphics of KNUKiM students reveals appealing to the treasure trove of already established forms of conventional signs-indexes and conventional symbols, as well as its enrichment with new symbols. Violent and rapidly changing social events and the need for their wide discussion in society lead to the formation of both new visual word images and their "word combinations" and linguistic interpretations. Simultaneously, visual symbols are updated, containing layers of information that are much larger and more meaningful than the initial interpretation of each individual symbol. At the same time, the combined use of various symbols and the leveling of the unification of visual stylistics lead to unexpected and not always expected by the authors results of the "decoding" graphic appeals. In view of the mentioned problem, it is urgent and necessary to focus the attention of scientists on the in-depth and more detailed illumination of symbols and stylistic ways of their display, which are currently being formed and spread in the information environment.


OF THE DISCLOSURE Copper is recovered from ores, or an ore froth flotation fraction, or a slag, by grinding fine enough to expose the copper bearing particles, which may be sulfide, or oxide or mixed, then leaching with an aqueous alkaline cyanide, liquid-liquid extracting the copper cyanide complex from the leach liquor thus formed with a quaternary ammonium salt or a phosphonium salt extractant such as tricapryl methyl ammonium chloride or trioctylmethyl phosphoni um bromide in a water-insoluble solvent which is a petroleum fraction or monocyclic aromatic liquid such as kerosene or benzene, separating the solvent containing the copper complex, liquid-liquid stripping copper from the solvent solution with a concentrated aqueous alkaline cyanide solution, then acidifying and precipitating the copper from said concentrated solution as a sulfide of copper. The extractions may be countercurrent. The ex tractant, organic solvent, and the cyanide are all re cycled. This invention relates to the recovery and recycling of cyanide in processes for the beneficiation of copper-con taining ores and ore fractions, including slags, particu larly processes in which copper is dissolved in aqueous alkaline cyanide-containing solutions by leaching, and is extracted from the aqueous alkaline cyanide-containing solution with an oil-soluble, water-insoluble quaternary ammonium or phosphonium compound dissolved in a water-insoluble organic solvent, and more particularly in which the raffinate from the extraction is recycled to the ore leaching and the extract is stripped of the copper with more concentrated aqueous cyanide, with recycling of the solvent and recycling of the cyanide. Cyanide has long been used for the recovery of gold from gold ores, by leaching of the ore. In a gold leach, the presence of oxygen is essential, the leach is for at least about 24 to 48 hours, and copper has been regarded as a cyanicide, that is, cyanide is consumed in the process, resulting in a loss of cyanide, and increasing costs. The recovery of copper by cyanide leaching, in the absence of noble metal values, has not been considered economical ly feasible. At present copper sells at about 32 to 34 cents per pound. Sodium cyanide sells at about 18 to 20 cents per pound. Although copper can be dissolved by cyanide, extrac tion of copper by cyanide is economically practical only if cyanide losses can be minimized. It has now been found that copper is selectively dis solved as a cyanide compound, by an aqueous alkaline cyanide-containing solution, and the copper cyanide salt is extracted into a water-immiscible organic solvent phase, such as kerosene or benzene, with an organic quaternary amine, or phosphonium extractant, as set forth in more detail below; after which the copper may be reextracted into a much smaller volume of more concentrated cyanide in a stripping circuit, or otherwise recovered selectively from the extract. Many impurities occurring in the ore 5


The Quilalar Formation and correlative Mary Kathleen Group in the Mount Isa Inlier, Australia, conformably overlie rift-related volcanics and sediments and non-conformably overlie basement rocks. They represent a thermal-relaxation phase of sedimentation between 1780 and 1740 Ma. Facies analysis of the lower siliciclastic member of the Quilalar Formation and the coeval Ballara Quartzite permits discrimination of depositional systems that were restricted areally to either N-S-trending marginal platform or central trough palaeogeographic settings.

Four depositional systems, each consisting of several facies, are represented in the lower Quilalar Formation-Ballara Quartzite; these are categorized broadly as storm-dominated shelf (SDS), continental (C), tide-dominated shelf (TDS) and wave-dominated shoreline (WDS). SDS facies consist either of black pyritic mudstone intervals up to 10 m thick, or mudstone and sandstone associated in 6–12-m-thick, coarsening-upward parasequences. Black mudstones are interpreted as condensed sections that developed as a result of slow sedimentation in an outer-shelf setting starved of siliciclastic influx. Vertical transition of facies in parasequences reflects flooding followed by shoaling of different shelf subenvironments; the shoreface contains evidence of subaerial exposure. Continental facies consist of fining-upward parasequences of fluvial origin and tabular, 0·4–4-m-thick, aeolian parasequences. TDS facies are represented by stacked, tabular parasequences between 0·5 and 5 m thick. Vertical arrangement of facies in parasequences reflects flooding and establishment of a tidal shelf followed by shoaling to intertidal conditions. WDS facies are preserved in 0·5–3-m-thick, stacked, tabular parasequences. Vertical transition of facies reflects initial flooding with wave reworking of underlying arenites along a ravinement surface, followed by shoaling from lower shoreface to foreshore conditions.

Parasequences are stacked in retrogradational and progradational parasequence sets. Retrogradational sets consist of thin SDS parasequences in the trough, and C, TDS and probably WDS parasequences on the platforms. Thick SDS parasequences in the trough, and TDS, subordinate C and probably WDS parasequences on the platforms make up progradational parasequence sets.

Depositional systems are associated in systems tracts that make up 40–140-m-thick sequences bounded by type-2 sequence boundaries that are disconformities. Transgressive systems tracts consist of C, TDS and probably WDS depositional systems on the platforms and the SDS depositional system and suspension mudstone deposits in the trough. The transgressive systems tract is characterized by retrogradational parasequence sets and developed in response to accelerating rates of sea-level rise following lowstand. Condensed-section deposits in the trough, and the thickest TDS parasequences on the platforms reflect maximum rates of sea-level rise and define maximum flooding surfaces. Highstand systems tract deposits are progradational. Early highstand systems tracts are represented by TDS and probably WDS depositional systems on the platforms and suspension mudstone deposits in the trough and reflect decreasing rates of sea-level rise. Later highstand systems tracts consist of the progradational SDS depositional system in the trough and, possibly, thin continental facies on the platforms. This stage of sequence development is related to slow rates of sea-level rise, stillstand and slow rates of fall. Lowstand deposits of shelf-margin systems tracts are not recognized but may be represented by shoreface deposits at the top of progradational SDS parasequence sets.


This paper explores reasons for unproductive urban flood management agendas in informal settlements. Does geography of informal settlements inform city-led flood management agendas? And in what ways have residents of informal settlements responded to city-led flood management approaches? The paper argues that the supposed city managers – both state institutions and professional bodies – have consistently acted in their own interest while successfully using 'blame game' to alienate their responsibility of successfully implementing flood management agendas in informal settlements. Using Accra (Ghana) as a case study, the study used multiple qualitative methods such as interviews, focus group discussion and secondary data analysis. Findings indicate that, overall, residents of informal settlements are gradually embracing the reality that city managers do not promote their interests in addressing perennial flood events. In turn, the flood management outcomes that policies and plans ostensibly seek to achieve have only been modestly realised. Instead, flood management agendas have had perverse implications for residents of informal settlements. Recommendations to improve the situation are proffered.


We describe our investigations of a plasma-cathode electron source designed for the deposition of oxide coatings by the electron-beam evaporation of dielectric materials. Tests carried out using oxygen as the working gas showed that the source is operable without a change in parameters for at least ten hours of continuous operation. The current–voltage characteristics of the hollow-cathode plasma source in oxygen displayed a monotonically increasing character, and the voltage dependence of the discharge current was exponential. At the same time, for argon, nitrogen, and helium, the discharge voltage remained unchanged over a current ranging from 0.1 A to 1 A. A possible reason for these differences is the formation of oxides on the electrode surfaces for operation in the oxygen, impeding the discharge operation and requiring higher voltages for the same current as the other gases. The dependencies of the electron beam current on the accelerating voltage were monotonically increasing curves for all the gases except for helium, for which the beam current remained unchanged with increasing voltage over a range from two to ten kilovolts.


Ten years ago, in 1951, I had the pleasure of presenting the first results of our work on the analysis of spectra of complex compounds1 to the meeting of European spectroscopists held at Basle in Switzerland. Since that time, we, and a whole group of scientists in different countries, have developed our original idea, and today it can be said that a new field of molecular spectro.:. scopy has arisen, known to most of you as ligand field theory. Certainly, it would be a pleasant task to give a review of this field here. But I think that it is better to contribute a new idea or a new concept if possible, and I hope to be able to do that. My contribution today concerns the theory of spectra of molecules with 7T-electron systems. As you all know, the exactness and the generality oftheoretical results for complicated molecules are, to some extent, complementary. I am much more interested in general, qualitative concepts. Therefore, I shall speak about the interpretation of spectra of 7T-electron systems within the framework of one-electron theories. In this field a quarter of a century ago, a strange difficulty was encountered, which till now has not been resolved. On Hückel's2 theory of 7T-electron systems, all energy values can be expressed as multiples of the resonance integral ß. The ß-value determined from calorimetric data is 20 kcalfmol. If one uses this value for the calculation of spectroscopic excitation energies, the resulting energies are too low by a factor of one-third. But there is another difficulty, which concerns not only the one-electron theories, but all the theories for the interpretation of 7T-electron spectra. Scheibe3 recently detected a very general regularity which till now could not be explained by existing theories. I shall take the spectra of aromatic hydrocarbons as an example for the demonstration of Scheibe's rule. In Figure 1, the ground states for a group of aromatic


The findings of a research on some aspects of the antituberculotic struggle in Cuba from the middle of the XIX century to the 1950is are explained. The study is mainly aimed to the Institutions and Organizations either private or official involved in this struggle. Its achievements and difficulties were analyzed. (authors)


We present the second Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) catalog of gamma‐ray bursts (GRBs), which contains 476 bursts detected by the BAT between 2004 December 19 and 2009 December 21. This catalog presents burst trigger time, location, 90% error radius, duration, fluence, peak flux, time‐averaged spectral parameters and time‐resolved spectral parameters measured by the BAT. The BAT T90 duration peaks at 70 s. We confirm that the spectra of the BAT short‐duration GRBs are generally harder than those of the long‐duration GRBs. The observed durations of the BAT high redshift GRBs are not systematically longer than those of the moderate redshift GRBs. Furthermore, the observed spectra of the BAT high redshift GRBs are similar to or harder than the moderate redshift GRBs.


Objective:To investigate the relationship between plasma Copeptin,B type Natriuretic peptide(BNP) levels and the severity of chronic heart failure(CHF).Method:Seventy-eight patients with CHF were examined by UCG after admission,and 32 patients(no history of heart failure) were chosen as control.CHF patients were divided into three groups according to NYHA'S heart function class criterion: NYHA class Ⅰand Ⅱ group(30 cases),Ⅲ group(25 cases) and class Ⅳ group(23 cases).Copeptin was measured by immune nephelometry,and the concentration of BNP was detected by Triage detection instrument.Result:The levels of plasma Copeptin and BNP in group CHF were significantly higher than those in the controls(P0.01),and which were elevated with the increase of the New York Heart Association Class.The concentration of Copeptin had a parallel relationship with LVEDD,Cr,NYHA'S heart function class,BNP(P0.01),and a negative correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(P0.01).Conclusion:Plasma levels of copeptin and BNP are higher in CHF,and the assessment of Copeptin and BNP levels may bring more instructive information in diagnosis,prognostic value,and risk stratification of CHF.


In the present study total 43 actinomycetes RMN1-RMN43 were isolated from the collected soil samples. To screen out active metabolites producing actinomycetes against human pathogenic bacteria, 30 Gram positive and negative bacteria were isolated from hospitalized patients. In the primary screening, 21 actinomycetes showed antibacterial potential against one or more pathogenic bacteria. Total 14 actinomycetes, RMN1-14, showed antibacterial activities through agar well diffusion assay. One isolate of actinomycete, RMN5, produced exclusively narrow spectrum bioactive secondary metabolites against E. coli with 13 mm zone of inhibition. In the secondary screening most potent actinomycete, RMN6, produced broad spectrum bioactive metabolites against ATCC bacterial culture and multi antibiotic resistant bacteria such as E. coli ATCC 25922, P. aeroginosa ATCC 27553, and Staphylococci ATCC 25923 activities at the range of 14, 13 and 19 mm zone of inhibition respectively while against isolated bacterial pathogens E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus (MRSA) 15, 18 and 23 mm zone of inhibition was recorded, respectively. RMN6 was identified morphologically and biochemically as Streptomyces. Different conditions were optimized for RMN6 in batch fermentation in which pH 8, 144 hours incubation period, 29C, 7.5% inoculum size, 3% glucose concentration and 160 rpm speed of shaking orbital incubator produced maximum activity. Maximum activity was recorded against M.luteusATCC 10240 and S.aureus (MRSA) clinical isolate as 32 and 28 mm respectively. [Bashir Ahmad, Riaz Muhammad, Sajid Ali, Shumaila Bashir, Javid Ali, Ibrar Khan, Javed Abbas Bangash. Screening of Actinomycetes Against Multi Drugs Resistant Human Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from the Soil of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Optimization Studies of Selected Streptomyces RMN6. Life Sci J 2013;10(12s):409-416] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 70


Poster: "ECR 2012 / C-1842 / Breast US in Patients with Breast Cancer Presenting as Microcalcifications Only on Mammography: Can US Differentiate DCIS from Invasive Cancer?" by: "J. Kang1, J. H. Lee1, J.-Y. Han1, J.-S. Park1, Y.-M. Park1, B.-H. Park1, K.-J. Nam2; 1Busan/KR, 2Seo-gu/KR"


We present a sensor platform to be mounted on the white cane used by the visually impaired. This can estimate the direction of user movement and enable the user to detect obstacles lying on the path in advance. The sensor platform contains an ultrasonic sensor and an IMU (Inertia Measurement Unit). We develop a model to estimate distances to obstacles in the path and their width based on sensor measurements. The model is demonstrated to have an overall accuracy of 84%, with accuracy as high as 90% for obstacles within 50cm in front of the user. Knowledge of obstacle locations and their size in advance, would enable us to guide visually impaired persons to deviate from their path and return to it after the obstacle has been passed.


The present invention discloses a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device control method capable of realizing a stable luminance and chromaticity not changed. The liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal panel (1); a backlight (2) arranged at the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel; detection units (5, 6, 7) which detect RGB output levels of the backlight; a first control unit (inverter circuit) (4) which controls the backlight current for driving the backlight so that the level is at a predetermined luminance based on the RGB output light level detected by a detection unit; and a second control unit (signal processing unit) (11) which controls the display signal supplied to the liquid crystal panel so as to obtain a predetermined chromaticity according to the RGB output light levels detected by the detection units.


OBJECTIVE
Common features in chronic inflammatory disease patients (CIDP) are inflammation, mental stress (MS), and autonomic nervous system imbalance. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) exposure and regular physical exercise are known to regulate these features. In this study, we assessed the impact of regular physical exercise and the use of WBC exposure in CIDP on the level of electrical skin resistance (SR) in order to evaluate the skin sympathetic nervous activity and and estimate MS levels.

METHODS
SR was evaluated before and after a 10-day-period of daily physical exercise preceded or not by WBC (3 min at -110°C) in two groups of 134 CIDP (WBC vs non-WBC groups).

RESULTS
At baseline, the number of severe MS patients was similar in both groups. However, after the training period, the number of severe MS patients significantly decreased in the WBC group, only. An increase in SR (a decrease in stress level) was noted in the WBC group only, and such increase was higher in men than in women and in patients younger than 60 vs patients older than 60 years old.

CONCLUSION
The use of daily WBC combined with physical exercise induced physiological adaptations and lowered the sympathetic nervous activity that may reflect a reduced level of mental stress in CIDP. These adaptations seem to depend on gender and age. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Relatively stable equimolar adducts of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane were prepared with 2,6-lutidine-N-oxide, 4-hydroxy-1-butanesulfonic acid δ-sultone (1,4-butane sultone), and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone-1-oxyl. Only the last adduct is selective for RDX; the others also form adducts with 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazacyclooctane. A very labile RDX adduct is formed with tetrahydrothiophene-1-oxide. Some properties of the new adducts are presented.


The Anti‐Social Behaviour Act (2003) gives police powers to designate areas as 'dispersal zones' for up to six months, where there is evidence of persistent antisocial behaviour. Findings from research into the use and impact of dispersal orders are presented and comparisons are drawn with the Scottish experience. A central message from the research is that where enforcement alone is the defining attribute of dispersal order implementation, the powers constitute a 'sticking plaster' over local problems, but invariably fail to address the wider causes of perceived antisocial behaviour.


In this paper,according to the ideal of genetic algorithms,we design code,fitness function,operator of genetic algorithms and change the gene in the process of evolution in order to progress the efficiency of search,then we get the solution of labyrinth and the-least-step way of this labyrinth.


Using seven rounds of household survey data that span more than a decade, this paper analyzes the determinants of household fuel choice in urban China. Unlike the existing studies, we use an empirical strategy that takes into account the potential heterogeneous effects of socio-economic factors in households' preference ordering. Robustness of this empirical strategy is checked against alternative methods. The results show that household fuel choice in urban China is related to fuel prices, household's economic status and size, and household head's gender, education and occupation. Our results suggest that policies and interventions that raise household income, reduce prices of clean fuel sources, and empower women in the household are of great significance in encouraging the adoption of clean energy sources.


Objective To inves tigate the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) on the development of renal injury in adrimycin nephrosis (AN) rats.?Methods The rat model of adrimycin nephrosis was used in the study. MMF 15 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 , Be nazepril (B) 3 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 or both of them were separately deliver ed by gavage every day for 4 weeks. Observations were made in the respects of ur inary protein, blood biochemistry, renal pathology and the content of AngII in b lood and kidney.?Results Compared with that in the AN r at group, urinary albumin was substantially reduced in the MMF and/or B-treated AN rat groups. No significant differences in blood and renal AngⅡ contents were found between the MMF- treated and untreated AN rat groups.?Conclus ion MMF can reduce proteinuria and renal injuries in AN rats, appare ntly without affecting the level of AngII in blood and kidney.


In this study, we present a meso-scale simulation of the urban microclimate in Berlin, Germany, using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) numerical weather prediction platform. The objective of the study is to derive an accurate estimate of the near-surface urban heat island (UHI) intensity. The simulation is conducted over a two-week summer period. We compare different physical schemes, different urban canopy schemes and different methods for estimating the UHI intensity. The urban fraction of each urban category is derived using the Copernicus Impervious Density data and the Corine Land Cover data. High-resolution City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) data is used to estimate the building height densities required by the multi-layer urban canopy model (UCM). Within the single-layer UCM, we implement an anthropogenic heat profile based on the large scale urban consumption of energy (LUCY) model. The optimal model configuration combines the WRF Single Moment Five-Class (WSM5) microphysics scheme, the Bougeault–Lacarrère planetary boundary layer scheme, the eta similarity (Mellor–Yamada–Janjic) surface layer scheme, the Noah Multi-Parameterization land surface model, the Dudhia and Rapid Radiative Transfer Model (RRTM) radiation schemes, and the multi-layer UCM (including the building energy model). Our simulated UHI intensity results agree well with measurements with a root mean squared error of 0.86K and a mean bias error of 0.20K. After model validation, we proceed to compare several UHI intensity calculation methods, including the 'ring rural reference' (RRR) method and the 'virtual rural reference' (VRR) method. The VRR mthod is also known as the 'urban increment' method. We suggest and argument that the VRR approach is superior.


The responsibility of a middle school language teacher is weighty and his general quality is a vital factor in determining the level of humanity,language,and literature of the nation.Among these qualities,literal attainment,historical knowledge and philosophic insight are central to these teachers.Only when a teacher excels in these areas can his students achieve in areas such as humanity,language and literature.The desirable qualities of a middle school language teacher include: brevity,exactness,and a good memory for time,place and characters of historical events.In addition,he is expected to have beautiful handwriting and the ability to compose good essays.


Abstract The coming of the Internet to the Jernigan Library, Texas AM later ftp, Lynx WWW, Eudora, and subject specific classes were added. Response was enthusiastic, but even requiring sign-up for classes did not solve a non-attendance problem. How to teach (in the absence of a machine or place specifically designated for instruction) also proved to be a challenge. By late 1995, Internet instruction had caught on with a number of instructors and much of the Internet instruction done by the library was professor requested. Internet instruction became incorporated in regular bibliographic instruction patterns.


Malolactic fermentation is a vital red wine-making process to enhance the sensory quality. The objective of this study is to elucidate the starter cultures' role in modifying phenolic compounds, biogenic amines, and volatile compounds after red wine malolactic fermentation. We initiated the malolactic fermentation in Cabernet Gernishct wine by using two Oenococcus oeni and two Lactobacillus plantarum strains. Results showed that after malolactic fermentation, wines experienced a content decrease of total flavanols and total flavonols, accompanied by the accumulation of phenolic acids. The Lactobacillus plantarum strains, compared to Oenococcus oeni, exhibited a prevention against the accumulation of biogenic amines. The malolactic fermentation increased the total esters and modified the aromatic features compared to the unfermented wine. The Lactobacillus plantarum strains retained more aromas than the Oenococcus oeni strains did. Principal component analysis revealed that different strains could distinctly alter the wine characteristics being investigated in this study. These indicated that Lactobacillus plantarum could serve as a better alternative starter for conducting red wine malolactic fermentation.


Objective To confirm the optimum conditions of TSG-containing serum affect on cell model of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods Cell counting and MTT technique were used to determine the optimum concentration of amyloid β25-35(Aβ25-35) and drug-containing serum in establishing cell model of AD,then observed the cell survival rate of the cell model after treated with different concentration of rat's serum and of amyloid β25-35,respectively.Results 5% concentration of serum resulted in the highest cell survival rate among all kinds of serum.At the 5% concentration of serum condition,the cell survival rate of drug-containing serum groups were higher than the normal serum group at 0μmol/L and 5μmol/L concentration of Aβ25-35(P0.05 or P0.01),but had no difference at 10μoml/L concentration.Conclusions It is the optimum condition to select 5μmol/L concentration of Aβ25-35 and 5% concentration of drug-containing serum to establish the NG108-15 cell model of AD and the best system to assess the drug efficacy.Under these conditions can be objectively assessed the drug efficacy of TSG-containing serum.


A clear conceptual basis for anti‐sperm and other modes of immunological birth control exists in spite of the limited basic research done on surface antigens of sperm or egg. In the normal physiological condition, the immune system does not respond to sperm, egg or fetus. Compared with anti‐egg or anti‐fetus immunocontraception, an anti‐sperm vaccine has two theoretical advantages. First it would work in both males and females; second, it would not raise problems of autoimmunity in the female if a sperm‐specific protein is used.


In this article, I consider the implications of gender differences for determining acceptable risk. Although often unacknowledged, values are ineradicable from risk identification, estimation, and acceptability. Because empirical studies, including some conducted by McMaster University's Eco-Research group, show significant gender differences in risk assessment, democratic decisions about acceptable risk must reflect the values of females as well as males. I argue that Kristin Shrader-Frechette's model of scientific proceduralism, modified to incorporate findings about gender differences, can contribute to fairness in decision-making about risk. Furthermore, because females are more environmentally concerned than are males, especially at local levels, ecosystem health would be well-served by decentralizing environmental decision-making and ensuring gender representation.


Designing a powerful approach for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles is a critical footstep in the field of nanotechnology. Algae-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles is a substitute to overthrow the restrictions of traditional methods. Penicillin-binding proteins are proteins binding to β-lactams and are convoluted in cell wall biosynthesis. The present study aimed to investigate the potential role of phytochemicals in inhibiting these penicillin binding proteins against bacterial agents using computational and experimental studies. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was done using aqueous extract of Dictyota bartayresiana and was evaluated for antibacterial activity. Characterization was done via UV-visible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy and Xray diffraction studies. It was found that synthesized nanoparticle was spherical in shape and possessed antibacterial property against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Phytochemical screening was performed to identify the chemical constituents present in silver nanoparticles followed by molecular docking studies against penicillin binding proteins found in bacterial strains. In silico designing of silver nanoparticles was done using material science suite followed by probe target interactions. The results displayed a highly stable binding amongst designed nanoparticle and phytochemicals and indicated that the silver nanoparticles possessed antibacterial properties due to phytochemicals present in the extract.


After William Shakespeare, Oscar Wilde (1854-1900) is the most quoted of writers. His epigrams turned conventions upside down and are part of our cultural inheritance. His personality defined an era. His popularity as a wit, a dramatist and an icon continues to grow. One hundred years after Wilde's death, he remains entertaining and outlandish, talking about everything and nothing. Wilde's rise to prominence as an unparalleled playwright of high comedy, and his ego-driven fall from grace continue to fascinate. His life, famous trial and his death were played out in the full glare of the public's gaze. Barbara Belford's Wilde is for a new generation of readers: not the tragic figure, the martyr, the self-destructive fop. Instead Belford explores his sexuality in a more relaxed manner than previous biographers, she opens up the gaps between the facts to portray Oscar Wilde in all his complexity, genius and humanity.


In recent years, a number of both theoretical and experimental investigations have been performed focusing on the zirconium isotopic chain. In particular, state-of-the-art Monte Carlo shell-model calculations predict shape coexistence in these isotopes. In this context, the 94Zr nucleus, which is believed to possess a nearly spherical ground state, is particularly interesting since the purported deformed structure is basedon the low-lying 02+ state, making it amenable for detailed study. In order to provide definitive conclusionson the shapes of the low-lying states, two complementary experiments to study 94Zr by means of low-energy Coulomb excitation were performed. This data will allow the quadrupole moments of the 21,2+ levels to be extracted as well as for the deformation parameters of the 01,2+ states to be determined and, thus, definitive conclusions to be drawn on the role of shape coexistence in this nucleus for the first time.
The first experiment was performed at the INFN Legnaro National Laboratory with the GALILEO-SPIDER setup, which, for the first time, was coupled with 6 lanthanum bromide scintillators (LaBr3:Ce) in order to maximize the γ-ray detection effciency. The second experiment was performed at the Maier-Leibnitz Laboratory (MLL) in Munich and used a Q3D magnetic spectrograph to detect the scattered 12C ions following Coulomb excitation of 94Zr targets.


Light sterile neutrinos are currently a topic actively discussed in neutrino physics. Oneindication of their possible existence and their participation in neutrino oscillations is the ReactorAntineutrino Anomaly, which states a deficit of about 6% between predicted and observedantineutrino fluxes in short baseline reactor neutrino experiments. The STEREO experimentaddresses this anomaly by searching for neutrino oscillations at baselines of 8.9-11.1m from thecompact core of the research reactor of the Institut Laue Langevin (ILL), Grenoble, France. Forthis purpose a Gd-loaded liquid scintillator detector was designed with an active target massof about 2 t. The target volume is subdivided in six optically separated cells along the line ofpropagation of the neutrinos. The electron antineutrinos emitted from the reactor are detectedvia the inverse beta decay on hydrogen nuclei, where a positron and a neutron are created. Thesetwo particles are detected in the scintillator in delayed coincidence, with the prompt signal fromthe positron and a delayed signal from neutron capture. The scintillation light created in theprocesses is read out by photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) on top of the detector cells. The detectoris completed by a gamma catcher and a muon veto.This manuscript covers parts of the preparation and the commissioning of the STEREOexperiment. As basis for the design process of the magnetic shielding for STEREO's PMTsa series of finite element simulations was performed. The studies of different general layoutsand required material qualities as well as of details of the final design are summarised. Underconsideration of these studies the collaboration opted for a shielding design, a double layer setupwith an outer soft iron and inner mumetal layer, which has the required shielding efficiency toreduce the magnetic field at the position of the detector PMTs below 60 μT for all known externalmagnetic field configurations. This limits the maximum PMT gain change due to variations ofthe external magnetic fields to < 2%.Furthermore different studies have been performed concerning the on-site background situation.A mapping of the-ray background was conducted with high purity germanium detectorsand a NaI scintillator detector, in order to validate the efficiency of the installed shielding. Thefocus lied on the characterisation of the count rate in the neutron capture energy window. Anestimation of the background rate is presented and compared to the rate obtained in STEREO.At the current state of the analysis the background of accidental coincidences in STEREO is aminor contribution compared to the muon induced correlated background. In addition a seriesof MCNP simulations was performed to determine the impact of a beamtube removal in thevicinity of STEREO on the overall reactor-related background situation. The beamtube wasclosed by a dedicated shielding, optimised for background reduction for STEREO, which couldnot be reinstalled after removal of the tube. A new shielding at the end of the former beamtubewas proposed by the ILL. Its shielding effect was studied with MCNP and compared tothe previous configuration in order to assess whether the new shielding suffices or needs to beimproved. According to these simulations the background situation is expected to improve.Finally a procedure is proposed and applied for the analysis of the energy calibration ofthe STEREO detector. The procedure is designed to be applicable to all available calibrationsources and to minimise systematic uncertainties. It can be used to adjust parameters in theexisting Geant4-based simulation of the detector, developed by the collaboration, by comparisonto measured data and later to determine the energy scale with the required precision of < 2%.


The timing of marriage and first birth are the two important aspects of family formation. In the process of family formation the age at which women marry is a significant variable because marriage marks entry into a sexual union and age at first birth marks the initiation of childbearing. These two aspects have long attracted the attention of demographers because of their influence on the pace of childbearing and the level of completed fertility. Increases in age at marriage and first birth were important components of fertility reduction in most Asian nations and late age at marriage was a factor in the relatively low pre-transition fertility of European populations. Even in populations that have experienced substantial fertility decline an increase in age at marriage and the start of childbearing can further reduce the number of births and slow the rate of population growth (Bongaarts 1999). Among the Southern States of India the State of Andhra Pradesh (A.P) has experienced fertility transition after Kerala and Tamil Nadu during the recent years. The total fertility rate has declined substantially from 4.6 children per woman in 1971 to 2.5 children per woman in 1997 -- dropping by 2.1 children in 26 years. Though the fertility has declined the circumstances under which it declined in Andhra Pradesh are quite different from those of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The state of Tamil Nadu has been achieved replacement level fertility in conditions of moderate social development i.e. moderate mean age at marriage and female literacy (Srinivasan 1995; Krishnamoorthy et al. 1996; Rajna et al. 1999) which are not true of Andhra Pradesh (Ramachandran et al. 1999). In terms of social development Andhra Pradesh is rated lower than the other Southern states. Mean age at marriage is in Andhra Pradesh is not only lower than that of Tamil Nadu and Kerala it is also lower than the all India level (Table 1). (excerpt)


Hairless rats fed a hypomagnesaemic diet developed an inflammatory dermatosis characterized by papular erythematous plaques. The dermatosis was long‐lasting and could be observed up to 6 months. It was inhibited by intraperitoneal injection of magnesium or dexamethasone but not by mepyramine, cimetidine, theophyllinc, aspirin or indomethacin. This hypomagnesaemic dermatosis could be a model in skin pharmacology.


Data from the recent Forest Survey of New York reveal a 13-percent increase in commercial forest land area, a 12-percent increase in the cubic-foot volume of growing stock, and a 4-percent decrease in the board-foot volume of growing stock during the 18-year period between surveys.


A central problem in the area of quantum chaos is to understand the value distribution of eigenfunctions on a Riemann surface X in the semi-classical limit. Let φ denote a Lnormalized eigenfunction. It is very interesting to understand the fluctuations of the probability measures |φ(x)|2dx. The quantum ergodicity theorem (QE) proved by Shnirelman [16], Colin de Verdière [4], and Zelditch [21] for compact surfaces, and extended by Zelditch [22] to noncompact surfaces such as modular surfaces, implies that for a hyperbolic surface there exists a full density subsequence φ such that dx is a weak* limit measure of |φ(x)|2dx. A typical example is the case when X = Γ\H and φ is a Hecke–Maass cusp form. Here H = {z = x + iy : x ∈ R, y > 0} is the upper half plane and Γ = SL(2,Z) is the modular group. Let dμ(z) = dxdy y2 be the hyperbolic measure. The quantum uniquely ergodicity (QUE) conjectured by Rudnick–Sarnak [15] and proved by Lindenstrauss [12] and Soundararajan [18] asserts that there are no exceptional subsequences, i.e., |φ(z)|2dμ(z) → 3 π dμ(z) as tφ → ∞. QUE (for Laplacians) concerns the diagonal matrix elements 〈Aφj, φj〉 of pseudodifferential operators relative to an orthonormal basis {φj} of eigenfunctions of the Laplacian ∆ = −y2(∂2/∂x2 + ∂/∂y) of the modular surface X. In [23], Zelditch observed the asymptotic vanishing of near off-diagonal matrix elements 〈Aφi, φj〉 (i 6= j) for eigenfunctions of QUE systems. Here "near" means the eigenvalue gaps tend to zero. In the modular surface case, we expect that much stronger results hold. For example, one may conjecture that all off-diagonal matrix elements tend to zero as the maximum of the eigenvalues tend to infinity. Holowinsky and Soundararajan [8, 9, 17] proved a holomorphic analog of the QUE conjecture, i.e., mass equidistribution. Based on ideas in Iwaniec [10], Lester, Matomäki, and Radziwi l l [11] proved an effective version of quantitative equidistribution of mass (EQQUE) for holomorphic Hecke eigenforms. While we are working on this project, we found Constantinescu [3] extended Holowinsky and Soundararajan's method to the decorrelation of two holomorphic Hecke eigenforms with almost equal weights.


On Jan. 9, 2014, a spill of "crude" 4‐methylcyclohexanemethanol (MCHM) into the Elk River in West Virginia contaminated the water supply for 300,000 people. The crude MCHM caused an intense licorice odor in the drinking water that supplied the area in and around Charleston, W.Va. A sensitive analytical method developed by a commercial laboratory was used to verify the concentrations of crude MCHM presented to a consumer panel selected using specific criteria. The method used for the panel studies was ASTM E679‐04, which has been used to determine other odor thresholds in water. The odor threshold and odor recognition concentrations for crude MCHM in water were estimated by the consumer panel to be 0.55 and 7.4 μg/L, respectively. Two estimates of the odor objection concentration were 7.7 and 8.8 μg/L.


An important way to address the literacy needs of English learners (ELs) is to ensure that ELs receive evidence-based literacy instruction and intervention. To support teachers' implementation of this instruction and intervention, it is necessary to provide effective professional development (PD). In this systematic review, we synthesized 19 studies that investigated PD on literacy instruction and intervention for ELs. Findings revealed that although PD often targets teachers' implementation of literacy instruction, PD is less likely to focus on teachers' implementation of literacy interventions for ELs experiencing reading difficulties. Nonetheless, PD programs typically resulted in positive changes in teachers' knowledge and practices. However, only 12 of the studies reported on student outcomes. We conclude with research and practical implications related to PD for teachers of ELs that is responsive to the needs of ELs.


The article is devoted to the investigation of brand environment formation through the prism of economic, legal and socio-cultural aspects. It was defined that economic environment of a brand consists of such main indicators: brand value assessment, brand power, brand image, brand influence, brand identity. It was studied elements of the national brand, particularly governance, exports, tourism, investment and immigration, culture and heritage, people. It was analyzed legal base of intellectual property protection and in particular brand and defined that in Ukrainian legislation the brand concept is absent. In practice under the brand is the "trademark" and "sign for goods and services" are understood. In some aspects, they are identical what allows jurists to interpret in juridical proceedings in different ways. Sociocultural environment of the brand includes identification of its image. There were defined five elements of the brand image: brand image, product (service) image, associative image, client image, use image. There were defined problems of the brand image creation and affiliation: competitors' environment, low level of the brand identity, non-effective announcements, and wrong choice of the promotion instruments.


Effects of Funneliformis mosseae on growth of Prunus persicaseedlings,rhizospheric glomalin-related soil protein contents,water stable aggregate contents,and aggregate stability were investigated under the potted conditions.The results revealed that replanting significantly inhibited the infection rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.Inoculation with F.mosseae significantly increased the dry weight of leaf,stem,and root,also the numbers of first to third-order lateral root in replanted and non-replanted Prunus persica.Moreover,mycorrhizal treatment considerably increased the contents of easy extractable glomalin-related soil protein and total glomalin-related soil protein in the rhizosphere of replanted and non-replanted peach seedlings.Mycorrhizal fungi inoculation also significantly improved the contents of water stable aggregates and aggregate stability of non-replanted soil and the contents of water stable aggregate fractions of 1to 2mm size in replanted soils.Based upon these results,it was suggested that mycorrhizal inoculation could partially alleviate the effect from replant of peach seedlings.


The Fourier transform Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of thioguanine have been recorded. Ab initio and density functional computations of the vibrational (IR) spectrum, the molecular geometry, Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO)–Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) energy gaps and polarizabilities were studied. On the basis of the comparison between calculated and experimental results and the comparison with related molecules, assignments of fundamental vibrational modes are examined. The observed and simulated spectra were found to be well comparable. The electronic transition energies and intensities of spectral lines were carried out using TDDFT and ZINDO methods. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Sulpha-drug sensitive electrodes have been suggested for the potentiometric titration of sulpha-drugs using a standard sulphuric acid solution as titrant with distinct potential jump at the equivalence point and a maximum error of 0.7%. Direct potentiometry is also possible. No significant interferences are caused by commonly met inorganic anions. The selectivity of the electrodes toward different sulpha-drugs has been investigated in detail. It has been found that for all electrodes tested including cetyltrioctylammonium sulphathiazole, sulphadoxine and sulphadimethoxine electrodes, the logK_(ij) values for the sulpha-drugs can be expressed as a function of molecular connectivity index, pK_a and the electronic charge at the ionizing nitrogen atom of the amide group according to the following equation: logK_(ij)=ax-b pK_a+cp-d. The correlation has been shown to be significant. However, the correlations between log K_(ij) and molecular connectivity index, pK., electronic charge either separately or binarily are rather poor.


The influence of refrigeration, freezing, repetitive freezing-thawing, and irradiation on meat quality were evaluated by detecting DNA damage to beef muscle tissues using the single cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet assay). Comet tail lengths indicating DNA damage levels increased with refrigeration time up to 10 days. In the case of frozen storage, the damage was increased only for the first 15 days of storage, but after that, decreased slightly and the tail lengths at 15 days were similar to those of 3˜5 days refrigerated storage. Tail lengths resulting from repetitive freezing-thawing were increased after two cycles of treatment and three cycles produced longer tails than those that had been refrigerated for 10 days or kept in frozen storage for 60 days. Irradiation from 1 to 10 kGy caused the most serious DNA damage among the treatments compared in this study. The two kinds of muscle tissue were similar in the pattern of results obtained from the Comet assay. The mean tail length of the comets reflected approximately the increasing patterns of DNA damage, but the differences of values between the extents of treatment were somewhat insignificant and anomalous. Therefore, we used the concept of relative damage index (RDI) calculated from per cent cells data for each tail length range and representing a state of DNA damage. Significantly different values in RDI's made it possible to discriminate samples according to the treatment levels within each treatment.


International Journal of Ecosystems and Ecology Science (IJEES) Volume 10, issue 4, 2020 https://doi.org/10.31407/ijees https://doi.org/10.31407/ijees10.4 _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 27 Vol. 10 (4): 785-792 (2020) FLORISTIC ANALYSIS OF THREATENED MEDICINAL PLANTS ON THE TERRITORY OF BREDHIK RESERVE, SHARR MOUNTAIN, KOSOVO Avdyl Bajrami, Erta Dodona, Haxhi Halilaj, Xhavit Mala Agricultural University of Tirana, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Albania; Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning -DAPK "Sharr Mountain", Kosovo; Corresponding Author Avdyl Bajrami, e-mail:firstname.lastname@example.com; Received September 2020; Accepted October 2020; Published November 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.31407/ijees10.427


The influences of locations of measurement sensors and balancing planes on accuracy improvement for balancing of flexible rotors are investigated. Generally, the condition number is used to evaluate the sensitivity against disturbances for a linear system. In this study, the optimization of the influence coefficient method is implemented by using the minimum condition number. The balancing procedure of flexible rotors is simulated by utilizing finite element method. The balancing accuracy can be improved as condition number of influence coefficients decreasing. Thus, the condition number is served as an objective function by using tabu search to seek the creditable locations of balancing planes and/or measurement sensors in advance for the determination of minimum residual responses. The proposed method is verified by the experiments of balancing a rotor kit.


Background:Xu Yuanchong,one of the most eminent translators of Chinese poetry in English rhyme,adhered to the metrical translation which emphasizes transferring the rhyme of the original poem into the translation of target language.But it has limitations.Methods:This essay was conducted in qualitative research method.It identified and reflected on some negative impacts caused by improper metrical translation and summarized the factors which confine it from the aspect of phonology,semantics and syntax.It tried to figure out the limitations of the metrical translation through examples by analyzing the linguistic features of the language and imagery effect of the translated poetries.Result:Another translation methods was introduced—free/blank verse translation to solve the deficiencies lied in the metrical translation.