This work presents an empirical analysis of delisting effects on shareholder wealth in a sample of firms delisted from European stock exchanges. The analysis was conducted at two levels. At the first one, through an event study, the effect on common stock price of delisting, on announcement day and around it is studied. At the second level, it is tested to see if the delisting improved the operating performance in the post-delisting years. The results confirm the main international evidence. The delisting causes the stock price rise in the pre-announcement period and in the few days around the announcement. The leverage and size of the firm are determinants of these effects. Conversely, prices declined in the post-announcement period. The operating performance in the year after delisting does not change much concerning the year before the delisting, but the size remains a determinant.


The development of environmental public interest litigation system was late in China. In 2015, China began trials of environmental public interest lawsuits by prosecutors in 13 provinces, like Beijing. After a two-year pilot, legislation formally established the main role of procuratorial organs in environmental public interest litigation by 2017. In response to the call of the state, Shanxi Province planned to promote the procuratorial public interest litigation in the overall situation of economic and social development from July 2017 to June 2019. This paper takes Shanxi Province as the empirical research area to study the development status of environmental public interest litigation from 2017 to 2019. By studying Shanxi Province, we can not only learn the situation of non-pilot areas of environmental public interest litigation in China, but also find some problems through the analysis of data and cases. In addition, the development of the environmental public interest litigation system initiated by the procuratorial organs can promote the development of the legal system in China, better protect the ecological environment and expand the development of environmental protection.


Abstract: This research was conducted to improve the students' writing skill at the tenth grade of Senior High School in the academic year 2015/2016.The method used in this research is a classroom action research which was conducted in two cycles. The research data were collected by using qualitative and quantitative technique. The qualitative technique consisted of observation, field notes, interview, document analysis, and documentation. Meanwhile, the quantitative technique used tests. The qualitative data were analyzed through data collection, data reduction, data display, and drawing a conclusion. The quantitative data were analyzed by comparing the mean score of the pre-test and the post-test. The findings of the research showed that (1) NHT technique with picture series could be implemented in writing class; (2) there were some improvements in the class situation of writing class. As seen in the students' responses toward teacher's explanation during teaching learning activity, students enjoy the way teacher delivers materials with picture series as the teaching media, and students tend to be active; (3) the students' mean score was improved from 60.7 in pre-test to 71.9 in the first post-test and to 79.5 in the second post-test. Keywords: writing skill, Numbered Heads Together (NHT) technique, picture series media, action research


For a number of years the specirilens of Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. from the Pacific slopes of Ecuador have been known to differ in sepal size from the cultivated strains of the species. There are other aspects of these plants that make them distinctive in the field, such as the fact that they are wild and weedy and tend to twine. This makes them unlike many sweet potato cultivars. Authors have used different names for these plants.


Clustering analysis, as a hot direction in the field of data mining, has attracted more and more attention in recent years. For the feature of the unsupervised data processing, the clustering analysis can be used to manage well mass media resources. It has applied in image segmentation and image retrieval system nowadays.


Several recent conflicts and tensions have underscored the importance of an adequate minority protection policy for purposes of stability, security and peace. Minority protection has become also a focus of the EU, albeit mostly in the external dimension. However, there is a lot to be said for the development of a more explicit minority policy at EU level for internal purposes. The requirement of and emphasis on decent minority protection by the candidate countries might very well become the triggering factor for the development of some kind of internal minority protection policy, not least because the actual enlargement will bring several substantial and marginalized minority groups within the EU. Prior to giving an overview of the current standards and principles pertaining to minority protection, I will present my arguments on why minority protection in the Member States of the EU is important for the success of the broader European integration project and in what way responsibility sharing in this respect could be conceived. Subsequently, an overview of the status quo in the EU concerning minority protection is sketched, which emphasizes the discrepancy in approach towards minority protection between the external and the internal level. Throughout this evaluation, calls for burden sharing in the sense of responsibility sharing are already formulated, against the background of the theoretical framework on minority protection and of the importance of minority protection within the EU for the European integration process. The latter arguments are further strengthened by equality considerations.


The possibility to merge different denoising strategies, by considering optical and numerical methods, permits to sensitively reduce the speckle noise in digital holography. Some examples are made to quantify the performance of these hybrid methods.


In this paper we present HIRO-NET, Heterogeneous Intelligent Robotic Network. HIRO-NET is an emergency infrastructure-less network tailored to address the problem of providing connectivity in the immediate aftermath of a natural disaster, where no cellular or wide area network is operational and no Internet access is available. HIRO-NET establishes a two-tier wireless mesh network where the Lower Tier connects nearby survivors in a self-organized mesh via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)and the Upper Tier creates long-range VHF links between autonomous robots exploring the disaster stricken area. HIRO-NET main goal is to enable users in the disaster to exchange text messages in order to share critical information and request help from first responders. The mesh network discovery problem is analyzed and a network protocol specifically designed to facilitate the exploration process is presented. We show how HIRO-NET robots successfully discover, bridge and interconnect local mesh networks. Results show that the Lower Tier always reaches network convergence and the Upper Tier can virtually extend HIRO-NET functionalities to the range of a small metropolitan area. In the event of an Internet connection still being available to some user, HIRO-NET is able to opportunistically share and provide access to low data-rate services (e.g. Twitter, Gmail)to the whole network. Results suggest that a temporary emergency network to cover a metropolitan area can be created in tens of minutes.


A comparison of scores on five scales of social and political values taken by Columbia College students and their parents indicates that (1) there are highly significant differences between parents and sons, with the latter being much more radical in ideology, and (2) patterns of correlation between parents and children are low. Lucy N. Friedman is a Research Director at the Vera Institute of Justice in New York City; Alice R. Gold is Assistant Professor of Psychology at Wesleyan University; and Richard Christie is Professor of Social Psychology at Columbia University.


Objective To research the therapy of repairing wide area cranium exposure by free flaps.Methods From January 2005 to January 2011 6 cases of wide area cranium exposure were repaired by connective flaps as free forearm flaps and anterolateral thigh flaps.The near end of free forearm flaps were anastomosed with superiol thyroid artery and internal jugular vein.The remote end of free forearm flaps were anastomosed with anterolateral thigh flaps.Two free flaps were anastomosed in series.The non-skull-exposure area were covered by skin-graft.Results The flaps and skin-grafts all survived well in 6 cases.The appearances and feeling of scalp were good.Conclusion Free forearm flap and anterolateral thigh flap can be used to repair scalp teared with skull exposure.The effect of application is satisfied.


As 'nature's ecological engineers' beavers can intentionally modify their habitat by building structures. This ability can have wider environmental benefits, including benefits for other habitats and species. However, this ability to modify the environment can sometimes be destructive, bringing beavers into conflict with land managers and others. To understand the complex connections between Eurasian beavers and ecosystems, this study was based on R language analysis tool that used land cover types, river network distribution and observational record studies of Eurasian beavers to find their most preferred environmental resources and potential habitats. The results found that reintroduced Eurasian beavers have a high potential for settlement and dispersal in restored areas.


This work presents a study on the reaction kinetics surrounding the formation of biogenic gases in a reservoir undergoing a MEOR process. Bacteria growth kinetics is modeled using the Monod and Michaelis-Menten equation. Chemical reaction equations of the biogenic gases are presented and subsequently solved assuming the formation of an intermediate complex, making the reaction system of a three-lump nature. The developed models are developed with special reference to a scenario of methane formation, adopting data from a laboratory core study. Sensitivity plots of the bacteria concentration, biogas formation and the crude oil concentration are presented. The growth plot shows a good linear correlation as predicted by the Monod model. The study is however limited by its assumption of a steady state scenario to ease the resolution process in the absence of a MEOR simulator.


Tolerance of switching voltage and resistance variation on the IMPLY, AND and OR operations of RRAM-based logic computing are given respectively. Quantitative relations of switching voltage variation to resistance variation on these operations are given.


Virtual memory (VM) CD8+ T cells are present in unimmunized mice, yet possess T‐cell receptors specific for foreign antigens. To date, VM cells have only been characterized in C57BL/6 mice. Here, we assessed the cytokine requirements for VM cells in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. As reported previously, VM cells in C57BL/6 mice rely mostly on IL‐15 and marginally on IL‐4. In stark contrast, VM cells in BALB/c mice rely substantially on IL‐4 and marginally on IL‐15. Further, NKT cells are the likely source of IL‐4, because CD1d‐deficient mice on a BALB/c background have significantly fewer VM cells. Notably, this NKT/IL‐4 axis contributes to appropriate effector and memory T‐cell responses to infection in BALB/c mice, but not in C57BL/6 mice. However, the effects of IL‐4 are manifest prior to, rather than during, infection. Thus, cytokine‐mediated control of the precursor population affects the development of virus‐specific CD8+ T‐cell memory. Depending upon the genetic background, different cytokines encountered before infection may influence the subsequent ability to mount primary and memory anti‐viral CD8+ T‐cell responses.


The identicality and flaw density in the Microsoft Windows monoculture present clear dangers to national security in proportion to the degree the nation in question depends on computers for the quiet enjoyment of its way of life.


Archaerhodopsin 4 (AR4), a retinal-containing membrane protein, exhibits a reversed order of proton release and uptake at neutral pH, as compared to the well-known bacteriorhodopsin (BR). In a preceding report, we stated that Triton X-100 solubilized the claret membrane containing AR4 (CM) into monomeric proteins and altered the time order in AR4 at neutral pH. The present study examined the mechanism underlying this phenomenon. We employed a photoelectrochemical cell suitable for observation of the proton pumping behaviors of both the membrane patch and detergent-solubilized proteins over a wide pH range. The pK a values of the proton release complex (PRC) in the initial state and the M state were determined with this device. The pK a of PRC of monomeric AR4 decreased to a value lower than 7.0 in the photocycle, allowing early proton release at neutral pH. The pK a of PRC in the initial state was also strongly affected by solubilization.


As an effective reduced-dimension space-time adaptive processing (STAP) approach, subarray technique is widely used in practice. It is known that, the choice of subarray layout has a strong impact on the performance of subarray level signal processing algorithms. However, the design of subarray partitioning is a difficult problem both in theory and practice. It is extremely valuable to do some research on subarray partition for the huge array radar, especially for those airborne and spaceborne radars with restrict constraint on the cost and space. For these radars, the clutter suppression is an important metric. In this study, the clutter suppressing method by STAP at subarray level is analysed, and the corresponding design of subarray partition is studied. At first, applying the graph theory, a subarray partition strategy is abstracted into a path inside a directed acyclic graph structure. Then, a method based on the ant colony optimisation method is proposed to optimise subarray partition for clutter suppression in STAP. By properly designing the initial and heuristic information, the new method is relatively robust and the complexity is fairly low. Numerical results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.


In both ophthalmological and cardiovascular disease diagnosis, the accurate segmentation of the retinal vessel tree has become the prerequisite step for automatic or computer-aided diagnosis systems. Unlike typical foreground and background segmentation in normal image processing, there are three problems making the retinal vessel segmentation task even harder. First, the retinal color image tends to be red everywhere, thus having a lower contrast than normal image segmentation. Second, most retinal color images suffer from unbalanced illumination and make it harder to recognize background. Third, the symptom for retinopathy has unexpected color and shape, thus making it more difficult to separate vessel from noises. Under such circumstance, the research of the retinal blood vessel segmentation has brought much attention and been developed. In this work, the input is a retinal color image and the output will be a binary image of the vessel and non-vessel pixels. Preprocessing with CLAHE contrast enhancement, Vessel Extraction with Otsu thresholding is implemented along with performance parameters Accuracy, Sensitivity and Specificity. In the proposed work 20 images are used from the database called Digital Retinal Images for Vessel Extraction. The performance parameters Specificity, Sensitivity, Accuracy are evaluated.


The objectives of this experimental research are to investigate whether : (1) students's achievement in writing descriptive text taught by using TTW (Think-Talk-Write) strategy is higher than that taught by using PLEASE(Pick, List, Evaluate, Activate, Supply, End) strategy, (2) the descriptive writing achievement of the students with positive English learning attitude is higher than that of the students with negative English learning attitude, and (3) there is interaction between teaching strategies and English learning attitude on the students' achievement in writing descriptive text. The population of this research is the students 2014/2015 grade X of SMAN 1 Besitang. The total number of the population is 180 students and 68 students areselected as the sample of this research by applying random cluster sampling with lottery technique. The experimental design used factorial design 2x2 with two experimental groups. The experimental group I is treated by using TTW strategy and the experimental group II is treated by using PLEASE strategy. The English learning attitude is conducted for classifying the students upon the positive English learning attitude and negative English learning attitude. Students' achievement in writing descriptive text is measured by using writing test. The data is analyzed by applying two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the level of significance α = 0.05. The result shows that (1) the students' achievement in writing descriptive text taught by using TTW is higher than that taught by using PLEASE strategy, with Sig. value is 0.000 which is < 0.05, (2) the writing descriptive text of students with positive English learning attitude is higher than that of the students with negative English learning attitude with Sig. 0,002 which is < 0.05, (3) there is no interaction between teaching strategies and English learning attitude with Sig. value is 0.079 which is <0.05. It means that the positive English learning attitude affects better to the students' achievement in writing the descriptive text no matter what strategy is used. It can be concluded too that TTW strategy performs better and superior, which is suitable to be taught to any English learning attitude.


Like most disasters, radiological terrorism incidents can strike a community with very little warning. Nurses working in community settings need to be prepared to manage such an event and to work collaboratively with other professions. The Jennings Disaster Nursing Management Model is one tool that can assist nurses in their preparation and management of radio - logical terrorism incidents. Being prepared for disasters can have a significant impact in reducing healthcare and other disaster-related costs.


Summary

Fluid dynamic theories of the pole tide are in conflict with pole tide observations. The former predict that the oceanic response to the Chandler wobble should be nearly static; while the latter reveal the tide to possess significant non-equilibrium characteristics. Resolution of the conflict would determine whether mantle anelasticity or non-equilibrium oceans is responsible for a measurable contribution to the Chandler period.

It is possible that resolution might be achieved through a more exact mathematical investigation of pole tide fluid dynamics than theories have carried out to date. The theories have also neglected to consider a unique property of the pole tide, its ability to lengthen the period of its own forcing function; this property implies that the pole tide characteristics and effects on wobble cannot be correctly determined unless the tide and wobble equations are jointly solved.

This work constitutes a first attempt to determine, accurately and self-consistently, the nature of the pole tide and its effects on the Chandler wobble. The Laplace tidal equations, modified by the addition of bottom friction but with no simplifying approximations, are employed together with the Liouville equations to elucidate pole tide characteristics. This work is a first attempt because the earth model chosen is a crude one, consisting of global oceans of uniform depth overlying a rigid mantle with a fluid core. Results for this model suggest that departures of the pole tide from equilibrium may indeed be minimal. The relevance of these results to the actual pole tide, however, must await the application of our self-consistent and more exact dynamical theory to the situation of realistic oceans.


Electrochemical behavior of sparfloxacin(SPFX) at the single wall carbon nanotube(SWCNT) film modified glassy carbon electrode(GCE) was studied thoroughly by cyclic voltammetry and linear sweeping voltammetry.In a 0.1 mol·L-1 Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4 buffer solution of pH 6.0,a well-defined oxidation peak was observed at 1.06 V,and linear relationships between values of oxidation peak current and concentration of SPFX were obtained in 2 range sections,i.e.,from 1.1×10-6 to 2.2×10-5mol·L-1 and from 2.7×10-5 to 1.6×10-4mol·L-1.Detection limit(3S/N) of the method found under the condition of open-circuit accumulation for 30 s was 5.0×10-7mol·L-1.Adsorbed substances on the surface of the modified electrode were removed by cyclic voltammetric sweeping and thus making the electrode activity recovered.Ten determinations of SPFX with a same electrode at the concentration level of 4.0×10-5mol·L-1 were made to test for its precision,giving value of relative standard deviation of 5.1%.In analyzing a sample of SPFX tablet by the proposed method,the results obtained were in consistency with the labelled value.Test for recovery was made by the standard addition method based on the matrix of tablet sample,values of recovery found were in the range of 97.6%-105.7%.


The aim of this study was to investigate whether galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) is associated with myocardial histological and molecular parameters related to fibrosis and with the circulating biomarkers of the extracellular generation of mature fibril‐forming collagen types I (C‐terminal propeptide of procollagen type I, PICP) and III (N‐terminal propeptide of procollagen type III, PIIINP) in two independent studies of hypertensive patients with heart failure (HF).


As women are often victims of violence of various kinds of reasons extending from unequal marriage to �' inancial and intellectual property, the sole purpose of the article is to �' ind out the grounds of violence against women and the relation to the religious issues and economic factors. How much freedom and rights have given to women under Islamic jurisdiction will be well addressed. Various rights of women given by Islam will be discussed with popular perceptions of divinely ordinations. Sources of violence will be one of the concerns of this article. And economic and social factors of domestic violence will be brie�' ly analyzed. The �' lawed system of marriage and divorce in Islam is one of the reasons behind violence against women and this problem will also be focused in the article.


The most commonly used method for establishing the mathematical basis of surveying and spatial data collection is the method of Global Navigation Satellite Positioning System (GNSS). However, these data relate to the World Geodetic Date WGS84 which is different from the State geodetic network,. As a part of realization the project of determining spatial local reference network Mrkonjic Grad the GNSS observations on 15 trigonometric points whose position is known to the State system of coordinates (x, y, h) were made. For the purpose of coordinate transformation between the two system two different transformation models were anlyzed. Beside the most commonly used Helmert seven parameter transformation, afina nine parametric transformation was tested. Comparing the two transformations models, conclusion was made that showes some benefits of using affina nine parameter transformation models in Republic of Serpska.


Nutrient limitation and grazing control of the planktonic community were studied in the northern Baltic Sea off the SW coast of Finland during the phytoplankton growth season of 1985. In situ experiments based on a 23 factorial design were performed in mesocosm enclosures on 10 occasions. The manipulations used included phosphorus (PO,? ) and nitrogen (NH,+ ) additions and the removal of metazooplankton by 1 OO+m prefiltration. In each experiment, the responses of phytoplankton, bacterioplankton, heterotrophic nanoflagellates, and protozooplankton were followed for 2 d. Orthogonal multiple regression analysis was used to reveal which manipulations had statistically significant effects. Nitrogen was found to be the basic limiting nutrient for phytoplankton throughout the productive season. During early summer, only the combined addition of P and N evoked a clear increase in the growth of phytoplankton. In general, bacterial productivity was not highly affected by the manipulations. In summer the removal of metazooplankton caused a rapid increase in the amount of protozooplankton in the units with loo-pm prefiltration or prefiltration combined with N addition. In the absence of metazooplankton, the nutrient-induced increase in primary productivity was channeled to protozooplankton, whose growth in the units where metazooplankton was present was severely limited by food competition or by direct metazooplankton grazing.


Recent advances suggest that deep learning has been widely used to detect smoke for early forest fire warnings. Despite its remarkable success, this approach has a number of problems in real life application. Deep neural networks only learn deep and abstract representations, while ignoring shallow and detailed representations. In addition, previous models have been trained on source domains but have generalized weakly on unseen domains. To cope with these problems, in this paper, we propose an adversarial fusion network (AFN), including a feature fusion network and an adversarial feature-adaptation network for forest fire smoke detection. Specifically, the feature fusion network is able to learn more discriminative representations by fusing abstract and detailed features. Meanwhile, the adversarial feature adaptation network is employed to improve the generalization ability and transfer gains of the AFN. Comprehensive experiments on two self-built forest fire smoke datasets, and three publicly available smoke datasets, validate that our method significantly improves the performance and generalization of smoke detection, particularly the accuracy of the detection of small amounts of smoke.


Based on the orthogonal projection approach, a few closed-loop subspace identification methods have been developed recently in the literature. To guarantee consistent estimation of these methods against measurement noise, this paper analyzes the rank condition for performing the corresponding singular value decomposition (SVD) involved in deriving the extended observability matrix and the lower triangular block-Toeliptz matrix of the plant state-space model, together with the requirement on the input excitation signal, such that no mistake will be made in picking up the corresponding eigenvalues for numerical computation. Also, no knowledge of the closed-loop controller is required for the computation of the model state matrices. An example from the literature is used to demonstrate the proposed conditions for consistent estimation.


The visually impaired and the elderly, often suffering from mild speech and/or motor disabilities, are experiencing a significant and increasing barrier in accessing ICT technology and services. Yet, in order to be able to participate in a modern, interconnected society there is need also for these user groups to have access to ICT, in particular to mobile platforms such as tablet computers or smart phones.Smart phones to most have become indispensable everyday devices, used by many almost 24 hours a day. However, most of these products are designed and marketed for the young, tech savvy and multi‐media affine. To the visually and motor impaired, handling of these mobile device can Período documentado: 2017-07-01 hasta 2018-12-31


It relates to a backlight assembly and a liquid crystal display device of the present invention. The backlight assembly comprising: a receiving container having a bottom and a side wall member providing a receiving space; flat-type fluorescent lamp, housed in the receiving container to emit light; and a support member, having a receiving container and disposed between the flat fluorescent lamp buffer to buffer an impact applied to the flat fluorescent lamp while supporting flat fluorescent lamp. Buffer having a surface projecting from said support member protrusion. Thus, the backlight assembly may provide impact resistance to prevent damage to the backlight assembly and the flat fluorescent lamp.


The Lowe and Thorneley (LT) model has been proposed as a mechanism for dinitrogen reduction. In this model an electron and proton are added to the oxidized form of the enzyme (Eo) to produce E1. This is repeated 3 more times to form sequentially, E2, E3 and E4. Only then does N2 bind and the reduction of N2 occur. Two of the added electrons are accepted by H+ ions which form H2, which is liberated on N2 binding.


Stance may be understood as the semiotic means by which we indicate our orientation to states of affairs, usually framed in terms of evaluation (e.g., moral obligation and epistemic possibility) or intentionality (e.g., desire and memory, fear and doubt). Using data from Q'eqchi'-Maya and English, stance is operationalized in terms of complementtaking predicates and the grammatical category of status. Using frameworks from Goffman and Jakobson, it is argued that these lexical and grammatical domains disambiguate principals from animators (here called the commitment event and the speech event, respectively). It is argued that stances may be crosslinguistically grouped and ordered as a function of the degree to which the commitment event subsumes, or coincides with, the narrated event. And it is argued that "subjectivity in language" is not the issue; rather, research should focus on the intersection of a crosslinguistic account of commitment events and community-specific understandings of a speaker's contribution to event construal. [Stance, subjectivity, participant roles, grammatical categories, status, evidentiality, Q'eqchi'-Maya]


This article provides an introduction for legal researchers to locating and evaluating medical information in the context of evidence-based medicine. Topics covered include defining evidence-based medicine, using and selecting bibliographic databases for medical research, and applying the methods of evidence-based medicine to the process of medical research and evaluating information retrieved.


The phase angle of between import voltage and export current is analyzed in the interconnected system of autotransformer and transformer in electro-circuit. We analyzed the real instance and actual instance in this paper. For enable reader having a overall knowledge of conclusion clear, this paper give course of deriving of formula in the paper.


Hepatoblastoma tumor rupture is a high‐risk criterion in the SIOPEL 3/4 protocol. Little is known about the outcome of these children.


En The shortest line connecting a point at the base of a mountain with the top
is a geodesic on the surface of the mountain. But this path is often unpracticable since the inclination of the geodesic with respect the horizontal is often too high to being directly overcome by a climber. We here propose a strategy for reaching the top along curves not exceeding the maximum inclination superable by the climber.We here discuss two particular examples for which an explicit solution is obtainable in terms of elliptic functions.


Abstract Research has shown that the types of tasks assigned to students affect their learning. Various authors have described desirable features of mathematical tasks or of the activity they initiate. Others have suggested task taxonomies that might be used in classifying mathematical tasks. Drawing on this literature, we propose a set of task types that are deemed appropriate for undergraduate students and which foster mathematical habits of mind. These are: generating examples; analyzing reasoning; evaluating mathematical statements; conjecturing and/or generalizing; visualizing; and using definitions. We give rationales for our choices and examples of each type of task suitable for use in an introductory calculus course.


Bio-diesel the mono-alkyl esters of vegetable oils can serve as sustainable energy resources alternative to depleting fossil fuels and has gained more importance due to its clean environmental benefits, renewability and biodegradability. The proposed paper highlights the results of experimental investigations on the scope of utilizing biodiesel manufactured from Polanga and Jatropha oils as an alternative diesel fuel ( IS:1460/2005) used in Indian Railways(IR). Due to its high free fatty acid contents ( FFA ),bio-diesel can be effectively made in multistage esterification processes using sulphuric acid as acid catalyst and potassium hydroxide as base catalyst. The production of both the bio-diesel was optimized and the effect of molar ratio of methyl alcohol to oil, reaction time, catalyst amount and reaction time were optimized during the transesterification process. To judge the quality of bio-diesel as per IS:15607/2005, different experimental investigations such as viscosity, flash point, density and calorific value etc were carried out and compared it with diesel, several blends of bio-diesel with diesel and near bio-diesel. The flash point and viscosity of bio-diesel produced from polanga oil were found to be better than the bio-diesel produced from Jatropha oil. The engine performance characteristics such as brake specific energy consumption, brake thermal efficiency and exhaust gas temperature were evaluated for different fuel blends. Exhaust gas emissions such as Carbon monoxide ( CO) , Total Hydrocarbons( HC),and smoke opacity were also recorded. Results show that both the bio-diesels and bio-diesel-diesel blends can be serve as a feasible sustainable alternative and they can be used in diesel engines without major modification in engine hardware.


In mountain areas, the permafrost is largely discontinuous. The modelling of its extension requires the identification and the comprehension of the different factors which control the ground thermal regime. Located in the west flank of the Mont Gele (Valais Alps, Switzerland, 3023 m a.s.l.), between 2600 and 2800 m a.s.l. (MAAT about -1°C), Les Attelas talus slope has been investigated since 2001. According to direct observations (borehole drilling) and to a large set of geoelectrical and thermal data (ground surface and borehole measurements), permafrost is present in the lower half of the slope. This configuration is common in mountain talus slopes (Lambiel and Pieracci, 2008).


Procedure for changing units (8a ', 8b') support change material (10) flat packing, especially film (11) of packaging wound on bobbins (9) reserve within a machine (3) wrapping equipped with means for at least partial wrap articles, packages, merchandise, etc. with material (10, 10 ') plane packaging process wherein units (8a, 8b) supporting exchange coils (9) of new reserves arranged in a row one after another to a zone (AB) of are provided working of a device (5) management, which zone (AB) working extends at least in an operating position of the unit (8a ', 8b') jig which is arranged in the machine (3) wrapping and equipped with a coil (9) reserve, so that the units (8a ', 8b') support housed change in the machine (3) packed and coils (9 ') reserve consumed are replaced with new units (8a, 8b) supporting exchange with a new reel (9) reserve each being housed units (8a, 8b) supporting exchange with new reels (9) reserve alternately in at least two positions (EB1 , EB2) different in the machine (3) packed assembly and which material (10) plane is linked with packaging material (10 ') packaging, q ue is still in the machine (3) of packaging.


In the light of recent years' armed conflicts and the growing level of terrorist activity globally, the link between illicit trafficking of cultural property and terrorism constitutes a growing concern for war-torn regions as well as for the international community as a whole. Identified as a possible form of terrorism-financing in recent years, the illegal trade of artefacts contributes to the fuelling of the spiral of violence and by this, to the undermining of the identity of the targeted populations. Due to the effects of the Arab Spring swiping through several African countries resulting in a still-existing destabilisation, power vacuum and the spread of different terrorist groups, these countries are serving an especially timeous example from this point of view. By presenting some examples from North Africa and the Sahel region, the paper aims to give an initial insight into the issue as an increasingly important international security challenge.


• Rates of second‐stage caesarean section are increasing, while rates of successful instrumental delivery are decreasing. • Recent attempts at reducing caesarean section rates have highlighted a need for further training in instrumental delivery. • A reduction in training hours, lack of senior supervision and fear of litigation have made it difficult to achieve the level of experience required for proficiency.


An assessment of 3D-printed span-change structures is presented for determining suitability of the technology to small unmanned aerial vehicles. Materials and manufacturing technologies were used with an emphasis on near term applicability with design trades between the aerodynamic performance and structural response. Aerodynamic performance was assessed on three wind tunnel models varying span (432, 600, and 762 mm), wind speed (Reynolds numbers 18,000, 36,000, and 71,000), additive manufacturing print build plane and camber, quantifying structural response as the resulting shape during aerodynamic loading. Each model displayed increasing compliance as span increased with wing-tip displacement on the order of 50, 100, and 200 mm with various degrees of sweep and twist. Models generated excess lift at Re = 71,000 indicating potential flight demonstration of the technology with a lift to drag improvement of up to 97% at maximum wing extension.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of combination of Rituximab and CHOP regimen in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL).Methods 17 patients diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and received R-CHOP regimen of 4~6 cycles.Rituximab 375mg/m2 intravenously infusion on day 1,cyclophosphamide 750mg/m2,adriamycin 50mg/m2 and vincristine 1.4mg/m2 on day 2,prednison 100mg/d orally taken on day 2~6.Results The total response rate was 82.4%,among which complete remission was seen in 9 patients(CRR: 52.9%) and partial remission was seen in 5 patients(PRR: 29.4%).The progression freely survival rate of 1-year and 2-year were 82.4%(14/17) and 58.8%(10/17),respectively.The overall survival rate of 1-year and 2-year were 94.1%(16/ 17) and 76.5%(13/17).The major adverse events were myelosuppression only one dose of rituximab infusion related-toxicity was observed.Conclusions R-CHOP regimen had high of efficacywith mild toxicity in the treat-ment of DLBCL,hopefully may become a first-line therapy.


According to the times series data during 1999-2009,as well as the impact of rural labor flow,urbanization level and birth rate on the income gap between urban and rural areas,the grey correlation analysis method was adopted to quantitatively measure their interacting degree and to propose corresponding suggestions to narrowing the urban-rural income gap.


Our case report outlines the considerable variation in SNHL and the need for proper patient selection before Symphonix Soundbridge implantation (Junker et al., 2002; Todt et al., 2002). The audiometric test results indicated normal hair cell function (OAE, SP), but Carhart's, SISI and Luescher's test suggested a retrocochlear pathology. This could be excluded by PET (Figure 1) and promontory testing. The decay in pure-tone threshold in Carhart's test suggests a fatigue of postsynaptic potentials as represented by a regular CAP (Figure 2a) and a loss of CAP shortly afterwards (Figure 2b) in EcoG upon repetitive stimulation (Ernst and Battmer, 1998). As the CAP pattern in ECoG suggests, auditory neuropathy seems to occur with just a SP and highly changed ABR upon repetitive testing (Starr et al., 2001). Speech-perception thresholds are not correlated to PTA, which underlines the clinical diagnosis (Zeng et al., 1999). A regular pattern of PET, promontory testing and normal neurological examination make another central nervous system disorder unlikely. In this case, an auditory neuropathy caused by a synaptic defect between neuronal and inner hair cells is quite likely. The study serves as one example of the potential benefits a patient with AN may experience from cochlear implantation.


The working group "Analyses in Biological Materials" of the Permanent Senate Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area verified the present biomonitoring method.

The described method allows the simultaneous determination of the metabolites of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 2,4-toluene diisocyanate and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (TDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) in human urine. After acid hydrolysis the released amines, hexamethylenediamine (HDA), 2,4-toluenediamine, and 2,6-toluenediamine (TDA), isophorone diamine (IPDA) and 4,4′-methylenedianiline (4,4′-MDA) are extracted from urine, derivatised using heptafluorobutyric anhydride and quantified by NCI-GC-MS. The method was extensively validated and the reliability data were confirmed by independent laboratories, which have established and cross-checked the whole procedure.

Keywords:

hexamethylene diisocyanate;
HDI;
2,4-toluene diisocyanate;
2,4-TDI;
2,6-toluene diisocyanate;
2,6-TDI;
isophorone diisocyanate;
IPDI;
methylene diphenyl diisocyanate;
MDI;
hexamethylenediamine;
HDA;
2,4-toluenediamine;
2,4-TDA;
2,6-toluenediamine;
2,6-TDA;
isophorone diamine;
IPDA;
4,4′-methylene dianiline;
MDA;
urine;
biomonitoring;
analyses in biological materials;
gas chromatography


Given a subset of active nodes in a network can we re- construct the cascade that has generated these observa- tions? This is a problem that has been studied in the literature, but here we focus in the case that tempo- ral information is available about the active nodes. In particular, we assume that in addition to the subset of active nodes we also know their activation time. We formulate this cascade-reconstruction problem as a variant of a Steiner-tree problem: we ask to find a tree that spans all reported active nodes while satisfying temporal-consistency constraints. We present three approximation algorithms. The best algorithm in terms of quality achieves a O(\sqrt{k})-approximation guarantee, where k is the number of active nodes, while the most efficient algorithm has linearithmic running time, making it scalable to very large graphs. We evaluate our algorithms on real-world networks with both simulated and real cascades. Our results in- dicate that utilizing the available temporal information allows for more accurate cascade reconstruction. Fur- thermore, our objective leads to finding the "backbone" of the cascade and it gives solutions of high precision.


This article explores the four principal dilemmas that every prospective political rebel in England faced between c.1200 and c.1322 , examines the possible alternatives and courses of action available to him and analyses his resultant decisions' concomitant risks and benefits.


Abstract Disclosure: S. Chimatapu: None. S. Mittelman: None. M. Habib: None. L. Wisk: None. A. Klomhaus: None. A.P. Vidmar: None. Background: Childhood obesity is a global health concern that presents as a multifaceted challenge requiring comprehensive interventions targeting nutritional, physical activity and behavioral domains. Despite this, treatment outcomes have been modest due to challenges in adherence and individual variability in response. Wearable technologies, such as Continuous Glucose Monitors(CGMs), offer a unique solution to promote consistent weight control in youth. These devices provide real-time biofeedback, allowing youth to make timely and informed decisions about their lifestyle choices. To date, no trial has explored the feasibility and efficacy of CGM use as a standalone intervention for adolescents with obesity. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that this study will demonstrate feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of CGMs in facilitating weight management among adolescents with obesity. Furthermore, we postulate that the unblinded CGM use will lead to greater changes in diet and physical activity compared to blinded use; emphasizing the use of biofeedback as a motivator for behavior change in this population. Methods: Adolescents with obesity have been recruited into a six-week cross-over trial. All participants wear the CGM daily for six weeks. For three weeks subjects will wear the CGM in a blinded manner, and for the other three weeks they will have access to the real-time CGM data, with blocks assigned in a random, cross-over manner. Outcomes will include recruitment and retention rate, adherence, CGM metrics, sleep, dietary intake, physical activity, eating behaviors and change in weight compared between study arms. Results: We have so far recruited 16 of a goal of 30 adolescents (15.3± 2.4 years old, 68% female, 75% Hispanic). Baseline A1c was 5.6 ± 0.3%. Four participants completed the study; one was lost to follow up, and 11 are currently enrolled in the study. Data logs from weekly telephone calls revealed high continuous engagement throughout the six weeks of the study. Our qualitative analysis of participant feedback suggest that they engaged with their real-time device data during the unblinded window. Device itself was deemed comfortable to wear, fit properly, without adverse effects or negative impacts on daily functioning. One participant reported 2 lbs. weight loss in 2 weeks after wearing the CGM by modifying their behaviors based on the glucose readings. Conclusions: Our preliminary findings suggest that CGM use in youth with obesity is a feasible, acceptable and well-tolerated tool. CGMs also have the potential to bring forth sustainable changes in youth behavior and could be a powerful intervention to enhance lifestyle changes in pediatric weight management programs. Further analyses will be pursued to help understand effect of continuous glucose monitoring on glycemic variability, body composition and self-reported health behaviors in youth with obesity. Presentation: Saturday, June 17, 2023


The use of body parts in the estimation of stature is a vital tool in forensic anthropology. This research was carried out to determine the height of adult population of Oguta inhabitants using the femur length. The femur length of 200 adults (male 123, female 77) aged 22 and 70 was taken using a non stretchable tape to measure the distance between the greater trochanter as palpated and lateral condyle of the femur. Height was taken from the subject by a calibrated meter rule. The mean of femur length and height was 41.18cm ± 0.03 and 164.47cm ± 0.65 respectively for the sample population in the male, the female length and height was 41.79cm ± 0.16 and 167.50cm ± 0.78 respectively, while in the female population the femur length was 40.82cm ± 0.26 and the height in 161.90cm ± 0.95. The pair of variables was found to be significant in each case at the level of p> 0.05. The value of the correlation factor is 0.9866. In this study the femur/length ratio for the sample population is 25. The mean femur/height ratio for male is 25.11 and that of female is 25.25. These values vary from reports from other parts of the world. This variation could be from the nutritional difference, occupation and the geographical location. The regression coefficient for the sample population is 0.9867. In the male population the value of r is 0.9927 while in the female population it is 0.9126. The values of r in this study showed that there is high correlation between the femur length and height of an individual. This study revealed that the height of an individual is four times the femur length of the individual, since the femur length is proportional to the height, therefore the taller the individual the longer femur length, while the shorter the individual the shorter the femur length.


Purpose. To evaluate implant survival, peri-implant bone loss, and complications affecting fixed full-arch (FFA) restorations supported by implants with a knife-edge thread design and nanostructured, calcium-incorporated surface. Methods. Between January 2013 and December 2015, all patients referred for implant-supported FFA restorations were considered for enrollment in this study. All patients received implants with a knife-edge thread design and nanostructured calcium-incorporated surface (Anyridge®, Megagen, South Korea) were restored with FFA restorations and enrolled in a recall program. The final outcomes were implant survival, peri-implant bone loss, biologic/prosthetic complications, and "complication-free" survival of restorations. Results. Twenty-four patients were selected. Overall, 215 implants were inserted (130 maxilla, 85 mandible), 144 in extraction sockets and 71 in healed ridges. Thirty-six FFAs were delivered (21 maxilla, 15 mandible): 27 were immediately loaded and 9 were conventionally loaded. The follow-up ranged from 1 to 3 years. Two fixtures failed, yielding an implant survival rate of 95.9% (patient-based). A few complications were registered, for a "complication-free" survival of restorations of 88.9%. Conclusions. FFA restorations supported by implants with a knife-edge thread design and nanostructured, calcium-incorporated surface are successful in the short term, with high survival and low complication rates; long-term studies are needed to confirm these outcomes.


It is essential nowadays to be able to produce fault-free software products within a given time for an estimated cost. Component-based Software Development (CBSD) is arguably one of the best choices, though the isolation of components can also result in a more difficult integration process at the end of the development. In this paper we study how the verification of a component-based software system is influenced by changes in the granularity of the components it consists of. These early design decisions affect the complexity and flexibility of the composing objects of a system. The results focusing on the differences are illustrated by simple examples.


The retention behavior of 25 anions on 1:1 silica gel G—starch layers has been studied using two-component non-aqueous mobile phases or aqueous solutions of organic acids and their sodium salts. It was observed that the higher the pKa values of the acids used, the lower the RF values of the anions. Migration depends both on the solubility of the corresponding acid of the anion studied and on adsorption. Quantitative separation of fluoride, molybdate, dichromate, and arsenate ions from other anions has been achieved. The RF values of the anions were found to correlate with their lyotropic numbers.


This study aims to analyze conflicts over ancestral land ownership in Leppangeng Village, Pitu Riase District, Sidenreng Rappang Regency. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative. This study concludes that conflicts over ancestral land ownership in Leppangeng Village have an impact on the estrangement of relations between relatives in the community. Difficulties in finding solutions to these problems are the lack of an active role from the village government and the absence of interference from local traditional leaders in this case sando batu and all of his staff.


In this paper, we have analyzed and simulated the behavior of a side coupled multichannel demultiplexer in two-dimensional plasmonic waveguides with nanodisk resonators, by using the numerical method of finite difference time domain (FDTD). We have proposed an applicable demultiplexer for optical telecommunication.


The features of international relations in South Africa are studied. The features of the development of South Africa as a regional leader are revealed. It is emphasized that the country plays a leading role in the region because of its favorable geographical location and sufficiently high level of economic development. The importance of foreign policy of modern South Africa is emphasized. It is noted that South Africa's foreign policy is implemented at three levels: regional, continental and global. In the first of these, the republic, having not only significant military-political but also Africa's largest economic potential, can be considered as almost an alternative candidate for leadership. South Africa is SADC locomotive and attracts labor resources from all border countries that do not have such a developed industry and do not differ in the level of wages as high as regionally.It is noted that South Africa's SADC strategy is based on three points: restoring, strengthening and maintaining political unity and cohesion within the SADC.It is revealed that the role of South Africa is to deepen economic integration and intensify the development of regional infrastructure. It is proven that South Africa has taken a leading role in the region to address many social and humanitarian issues, especially through the economic component. It is confirmed that South Africa also plays an important role in that it is a launching pad for foreign investment in another part of Africa. It is proved that South Africa's foreign policy in the region contributed to:- creation of new jobs;- modernization of existing and creation of new infrastructure - including investments in telecommunications;- technological development through the supply of highly qualified personnel;- increasing tax revenues, as well as increasing consumer choice in host countries;- the creation of a favorable business climate in South African countries.It is concluded that South Africa's foreign policy in the region is not always constructive with respect to other South African countries. South African companies dominate and this leads to South Africa's monopoly and hegemony. The economic and political power of South Africa in the south of the continent is indisputable. Political instability is defined as a factor in the weakening of South Africa's leadership position in the region.


The decomposition of NO has been studied in a steady flow reactor on fresh carbon nanotubes (CNTs), purified CNTs, Rh/p-CNTs and Rh/g-Al2O3 between 573 K and 973 K. NO decomposition at 573 K was initially complete over a reduced surface. The amount of NO absorption increased at temperature below 773 K. 100% NO conversion and more than 100% N2 activity was achieved at 973 K for 150 min on p-CNTs and f-CNTs.


Most researchers focus on using waste glass as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in the cement matrix. This article proposes an alternative method of managing waste glass in the concrete industry, as an addition to concrete in the form of finely ground glass powder and as a component of the cement. Waste glass ground into a glass powder was dosed into concrete in quantities of 5 and 10% of the weight of cement while reducing the same amount of fine aggregate. Tests that were carried out on three concretes (including a control concrete) included compressive strength, water penetration depth and water absorption. Pre-shredded waste glass from white bottles was also ground together with previously burned Portland clinker. The glass was dosed in quantities of 6 and 12% of the weight of clinker. In this way, two types of cement were obtained: cement with the addition of waste glass and the control cement. Tests carried out included compressive strength after 2, 7, 14, 28 and 90 days, the beginning of cement setting time and its grinding degree. An analysis of the obtained test results confirmed the possibility of using waste glass in a way other than previously proposed. Concretes including fragmented glass from bottles have obtained satisfactory results of compressive strength, water absorption and penetration. Cements obtained as a ground mixture with waste glass were characterized by much better mechanical parameters compared to the control sample cement.


Some countries and international organizations took advantage of the events that occurred in many Arab countries, or the so-called Arab Spring, to bring down the dictatorial regime, including what happened in the Libyan state, where the Libyan regime suppressed the popular uprising demanding change, and the transition to a democratic system establishes social justice and protects freedom and human rights. This gave the justification for these countries to intervene as a third party in the crisis, which complicated the crisis and made the events take a violent turn that ultimately led to the collapse of the state and the fall of Muammar Gaddafis regime, with the help of foreign countries for the uprising through international decisions that led to the military intervention. This resulted in a civil war raging between the Libyan parties with external funding, and the inability of the internationally recognized government to play its role within the borders of the Libyan state. We seek here to find out the role that these parties played in the Libyan state and its impact on the course of events and the existing conflict.


Virtual training systems are increasingly used for the training of complex, dynamic tasks. To give trainees the opportunity to train autonomously, intelligent agents are used to generate the behavior of the virtual players in the training scenario. For effective training however, trainees should be supported in the reflection phase of the training as well. Therefore, we propose to use self-explaining agents, which are able to generate and explain their own behavior. The explanations aim to give a trainee insight into other players' perspectives, such as their perception of the world and the motivations for their actions, and thus facilitate learning. Our project investigates the possibilities of self-explaining agents in virtual training systems, and the effects on learning.


Background:  Although 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐related cardiotoxicity is well known, atrial arrhythmia, as a potentially serious complication has not been studied in detail. The aim of this study was to determine the P max and Pd in the electrocardiograms (ECG) of patients receiving 5‐FU treatment.


The genre of children's literature has once again attracted a lot of interest in recent days. In his theoretical essays on historical genres, which were written around early of 2000s, Won Jong-Chan have focused on the differences between Donghwa―corresponds to modern fairy-tale in Western children's literature―and 'novel' and proposed four basic genres of narratives for children. As they are primarily related with 'age group', they may replace literary arguments with non-literary. Also it is partly because of inspecting inheritances with no caution. As one of the first critics and a prolific writer, Lee Won-Soo, the most important precedent researcher whom Won referred to, contemplated what Donghwa should be as well as what it was, observing contemporary narrative forms in korea and classical works of fantasy in other counties as well. Won's study had some restrictions resulted from ignoring those things. In this essay l would bring up afresh the matter of understanding what Lee Won-Soo thought, to put it again as a starting point. Above all, Lee Won-Soo's notion of Donghwa and novel wasn't strictly connected with certain age groups. In fact, most of fantastic short stories, called Donghwa, were written for young children in his days and he dealt with reading materials to help adults who were looking for guidances for their young readers. However real life should be distinguished from theoretical approach. Furthermore, his definition of Donghwa was comprehensive from the beginning, which was applicable to various narrative texts, so he could extend his ideas to fantasy, one of promising genres. He could talk about new narrative devices without inventing new terms. It seems to be a preliminary inspection when we think about fantastic fiction of these days.


Using H2SO4 to treat HZSM-5 zeolite,the Cu/HZSM-5 catalysts were prepared by impregnating copper on treated zeolite,and the catalytic activities of Cu/HZSM-5 catalysts for propylene selectively catalytic reduction NO were investigated under excessive O2 conditions.The results indicated that the catalytic activities of Cu/HZSM-5 catalysts were increased drastically after the acid-treatment.When the concentration of sulfuric acid was 3mol/L and the loading of copper was 4%,the conversion of NO reached 99.8% at 275 ℃ and kept nearly 50% at 600 ℃.


ABSTRACT Proceeding from the scattered field expansion in cylindrical harmonics, we define partial invisibility or partial cloaking as suppression of finitely many lowest-order field harmonics. We show that for benchmark structures (a dielectric rod and a perfectly conducting cylinder of circular cross section covered by a concentric dielectric layer), such multiple suppression can be achieved. For this purpose, we prove the solvability and explicitly determine the solution of the corresponding equation system which provide vanishing of the lowest-order field expansion coefficients and the resulting simultaneous suppression of up to five lowest-order scattered harmonics. We investigate the character and qualitative properties of partial invisibility and partial cloaking by analyzing the scattered field patterns.


OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of oral and transdermal estradiol in alleviating menopausal symptoms.

METHOD
A total of 257 recently menopausal women were randomized into two groups. The t-E2 group received transdermal estradiol (2.5 g per day) (n = 128) and the o-E2V group received oral estradiol valerate (2 mg per day) (n = 129) for 24 weeks; both groups received micronized progesterone (200 mg per day). The primary outcome measure is the change in the modified Kupperman Menopausal Index (KMI) after 24 weeks of treatment. Menopausal symptoms were recorded at screening and at 4, 12 and 24 weeks using both the KMI and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS).

RESULTS
Significant amelioration was observed by KMI and MRS scores for both groups after treatment (p < 0.001). The mean KMI scores showed no difference between the two groups. The mean MRS scores were similar between the two groups at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment. The results showed statistical differences after 12 weeks and 24 weeks of treatment (p = 0.005 and p = 0.011). Both the after-treatment scores minus the baseline scores of KMI and MRS and the incidence of adverse effects showed no difference between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that both transdermal and oral estradiol are effective in relieving menopausal symptoms, with little difference in treatment efficacy and safety.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
ChiCTR2300073146.


Thermoanalytical (TA) analysis is not at all a frequently used method for studying travertine. Therefore the application of two TA techniques is presented for characterization of the Buda-Var-hegy (Castle Hill), Budakalasz and Szomod-Les-hegy Quaternary travertine occurrences in this paper. TA data give comparable results with those of oxygen and carbon stable isotope compositions and offer a new way to estimate the temperature of carbonate precipitation.


The effects of relaxation on the photodetachment of the iodine negative ion are calculated using the recently developed relativistic random-phase approximation with relaxation. In this method the outgoing electron is calculated in the field of the relaxed negative'ion with one electron removed (i.e., in the field of the atom). Overlap integrals between orbitals of the initial and final states are included. It is found that the relaxation effects for the negative iodine atom are significantly larger than those for the corresponding neutral atom Xe


Accounting method and accounting procedure of government purchase,accounting methodof purchasing units,accounting method of government purchase administrative department under the conditions of market economy in China are explored in this article.


Device for treating refDispositivo lubricants for treatment of cooling lubricants and chips machine tools with swarf rigeradores and machine tool with - a container (1) for receiving the mezcla- a container (1) for receiving untreated liquid cooling lubricant and solid untreated mixture of cooling lubricant liquid ys, - an endless conveyor (6) installed eolidos, - an endless conveyor (6) installed in the container (1) for the evacuation of Solin the container (1) for the evacuation of the collected solids to partirdel container (1), and - the mdos collected partirdel container (1), and - at least one filter unit (20) arranged in Eln a filtration unit ( 20) disposed in the container (1) for separating lub liquid container (1) for separating liquid from the solids lubricanterefrigerador, - where the Soli ricanterefrigerador two, - wherein the filter unit (20) contains a box criunidad filter (20) contains a screen box (21) which can be positioned horizontally in elcontba (21) which can be placed horizontally in elcontenedor (1) between the upper strand (13) and ramalenedor (1) between the upper strand (13) and lower than the lower branch (11) of the endless conveyor (6) (11) of the endless conveyor (6) which estaconectada a negative pressure generator, estaconectada a negative pressure generator, characterized in that - the screen box (21) confcaracterizado that - the screen box (21) formed as flat insert has two paigurada as flat insert presents two side walls (22, 23), a cribaplana (32) in side sredes (22, 23), a cribaplana (32) at its base and a band endless filter (27) mu base and a filter band endless (27) moving longitudinally sucked ellubricante rueve longitudinally to spirandose ellubricante refrigerator from below through the band fiefrigerador from below through the band endless filter (27) into the box lter endless (27) into the screen box (21) - a side wall (23) of the sieve box (21), - a side wall (23) of the screen box (21) is provided a mechanism part of screen (21) is provided a mechanism part inserted (37-40), with elque the screen box (21) inserted (37-40), with elque the screen box (21) can move in horizontal position until it can move horizontally to its operating position and from laterally lamisma, operation and from laterally lamisma, and - on the other side wall (22) is formed a and - on the other side wall (22) is formed an opening (41), which is a step to interioa opening (41), which is a step within the decriba box (21) and communicates with a box bombar decrib to (21) and communicates with a feed pump via suitable attachment means. lift through suitable attachment means.


Military industry stands at the confluence of local, national and global processes. This paper examines the restructuring of this peculiar industry in one region, Scotland, from a perspective that takes the geography of production to be a joint, though contradictory, creation. Following the work of Lovering for the UK as a whole, the case of Scotland—often imagined as "militantly proletarian"—allows a specific study of the accumulation strategies of state and capital and the role of organized labor in mediating the spatial fix. Until the early 1990s accumulation was premised on additive "capital widening" strategies. Since then, both "capital narrowing" rationalization strategies and "capital deepening" intensification strategies have been pursued. Through restructuring, the UK military industry attempts to utilize the abstract spaces of the social economy to expediently and opportunistically reconstitute the concrete spaces of production and renegotiate its dependency on the refractory material of proximate living labor. Yet spatial shifts have not uniformly benefited the southern core of the UK military industry. One reason for thecontinuing salience of military industry in Scotland has been the role of a pan-class alliance, "the Scottish lobby," in campaigning against closures and for the allocation of defense contracts. Trade unions have attempted to mediate the contradictions of restructuring by supporting external strategies to retain firm survival in their present localities, even as internally workforce numbers are cut in half and management regimes become more abrasive.


A variety of pathologic entities are included under the umbrella of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). The current WHO classification of GTD is shown below. It includes malignant neoplasms of various types of trophoblast (choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumors, and epithelioid trophoblastic tumors), malformations of the chorionic villi that are predisposed to develop trophoblastic malignancies (hydatidiform moles), and two benign entities that can be confused with these other lesions (exaggerated placental site and placental site nodule). Although the clinical management of GTD is usually medical and can often be undertaken without a specific histologic diagnosis, each of the pathologic entities has distinct clinical presentations, pathologic features, and behavior. This discussion will focus on the histopathology and classification of these lesions; the clinical features, epidemiology, and cytogenetics of these lesions will be discussed elsewhere. Hydatidiform Moles Hydatidiform moles represent placentas with abnormally developed chorionic villi. All moles have in common the presence of enlarged, edematous, and vesicular villi showing variable amounts of abnormally proliferative trophoblast. The distinction between complete and partial moles is based on morphology, clinicopathologic features, and cytogenetics.


Abstract : The purpose of the investigation was to determine the feasibility of measuring bubble size distributions acoustically. The experiment consisted of a comparison of a photographically and an acoustically determined bubble size distribution of an electrolytically generated bubble screen. The approximate range of bubble radii considered was from 15 to 85 microns. Results indicate the acoustic method may be reasonably accurate in determining a relative bubble size distribution for spherical bubbles with radii greater than 32 microns, but more information is needed about the damping constants of nonresonant bubbles; and a more precise evaluation of an integral in the acoustical theory is needed before the validity of the acoustical method can be established.


A separate laboratory is set apart for the investigations and analyses, and one person, Mr. Adolph Ziefle, devotes the major part of his time to the work. Some of the investigations, which require research for which the regular analyst has not the time to devote, is taken charge of by Mr. L. D. Havenhill, who has a special research room for his purposes. Mr. Havenhill will in the future do a considerable amount of investigational work, which will bear directly upon the question of standards. It is well known that Mr. Havenhill has spent a year under the United States Government in Washington and in New York at the appraisers' stores. The microscopic work, which is one that requires a specially trained man, is taken charge of by Mr. Chas. M. Sterling. But to Mr. Ziefle comes the burden of the mass of analyses that is pouring into the laboratory weekly. The difficulties that he encounters are very numerous, because of the fact that he has such a great variety of materials to deal with, and this variety comes in every collection sent in by the inspectors. If it were possible to take one particular article and run an hundred analyses on this same article, it is easy to see that this would be very much simpler than if the hundred articles should contain from fifty to sixty different kinds of analyses, each of which requires different solutions and reagents to be specially prepared. One of the difficulties which we have recently encountered relates to the subject of deterioration. This has become a very provoking problem. The question has arisen, What shall be considered as deteriorated; what chemical tests and what chemical results will prove that a substance is deteriorated ? The difficulty appears to be to determine what would be considered legally as "deteriorated "-what terms should determine tlhis condition. Some regulation or definition to meet the case might be suggested, such as the following:


BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to compare the risks of new-onset prostate cancer between metformin and sulfonylurea users with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODS
This population-based retrospective cohort study included male patients with T2DM presenting to public hospitals/clinics in Hong Kong between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2009. We only included patients prescribed either, but not both, metformin or sulfonylurea. All patients were followed up until December 31, 2019. The primary outcome was new-onset prostate cancer and the secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. One-to-one propensity score matching was performed between metformin and sulfonylurea users based on demographics, comorbidities, antidiabetic and cardiovascular medications, fasting blood glucose level, and hemoglobin A1c level. Subgroup analyses based on age and use of androgen deprivation therapy were performed.

RESULTS
The final study cohort consisted of 25,695 metformin users (mean [SD] age, 65.2 [11.8] years) and 25,695 matched sulfonylurea users (mean [SD] age, 65.3 [11.8] years) with a median follow-up duration of 119.6 months (interquartile range, 91.7-139.6 months) after 1:1 propensity score matching of 66,411 patients. Metformin users had lower risks of new-onset prostate cancer (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.69-0.93; P=.0031) and all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.86-0.92; P<.0001) than sulfonylurea users. Metformin use was more protective against prostate cancer but less protective against all-cause mortality in patients aged <65 years (P for trend <.0001 for both) compared with patients aged ≥65 years. Metformin users had lower risk of all-cause mortality than sulfonylurea users, regardless of the use of androgen deprivation therapy (P for trend <.0001) among patients who developed prostate cancer.

CONCLUSIONS
Metformin use was associated with significantly lower risks of new-onset prostate cancer and all-cause mortality than sulfonylurea use in male patients with T2DM.


This paper will report on findings from the author's on-going study of the use of computer-mediated communication (CMC) to support postgraduate second-language teacher education. Students enrolled in a distance education CALL course used web-based conferencing to support both required and optional computer-based assignments. Transcripts of their online communication were analyzed to determine what they discussed and whether social cohesion was enhanced through use of CMC. Findings from the study are reported according to organizing categories of social interaction and different tasks that can affect online communicative exchanges. More broadly, the article discusses curriculum design features and their implications for technology-enhanced instructional practice.


Abstract Arguably, stone tool production is a continuous process. Most descriptions of lithic assemblages, if it includes discussion of flake debris, divide this continuum into stages. Limited previous work, using experimental and archaeological data, indicates successful assignation of an individual flake within a continuum of reduction. However, reliance on time-consuming, metric attributes has resulted in limited application of such methods to archaeological assemblages. Here, alternative attributes are examined for assigning a flake to a place along the production continuum. While preliminary, the results show promise when employing size grade, platform facet count, dorsal scars count, and weight. Considering additional attributes, conducting more experiments, employing diverse knappers, and various lithic materials are necessary before wide scale application.


Adopting suitable tillage and fertilization technologies for wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) can address poor soil conditions and high residual nitrogen following rice ( Oryza sativa L.) harvest to improve the sustainability of rice-wheat rotation systems. A field experiment was conducted in 2016–2018 to investigate the influence of tillage methods and nitrogen rates on wheat seedling growth (at the beginning of over-wintering stage), tillering characteristics, and grain yield. The tillage methods included no-tillage (NT), rotary tillage twice (RR), and plow tillage followed by rotary tillage (PR). The nitrogen rates were 270 (N270), 240 (N240), and 210 kg ha −1 (N210). In 2016–2017 (higher soil moisture during tillage), NT improved early growth (i.e., leaf area and biomass per stem), single spike yield, and grain yield compared with PR and RR. In 2017–2018 (lower soil moisture during tillage), PR and RR resulted in stronger seedlings (greater tiller number and leaf area and biomass per stem), more fertile tillers, and higher grain yield than NT. In both years, grain yield under RR was between that


This article reviews electromagnetic bearings with power electronic control for high-speed machinery, which are termed active magnetic bearings (AMBs). AMB is a contactless-type bearing, which uses magnetic force to support the rotor. This is suitable for high-speed applications, harsh operating conditions, and also clean environments. However, the AMB has nonlinear characteristics and is inherently unstable. Due to recent advancements in fast-switching power devices, high-switching-frequency power converters, high-bandwidth current control, nonlinear control strategies, advanced digital controllers, and sensors, AMBs have become promising for high-speed aerospace, industrial, and energy applications. This article contains a brief tutorial on the AMB, covering its operating principle, system-level block diagram, magnetic-circuit-based analysis, dynamic load due to rotor mass unbalance, load capacity, force slew rate, and response to large force disturbance. Furthermore, a design example of an eight-pole AMB with four excitation coils is presented to achieve a load capacity of 180 N. A preliminary design, based on magnetic circuit analysis, is seen to fall short in terms of load capacity. Iterative changes to the AMB dimensions achieve the required load capacity, but the characteristics are still nonlinear. Finite-element analyses bring out the effects of magnetic saturation on load capacity, linearity between force and current, force slew rate, and relationships between maximum force generated and AMB dimensions. An improved design procedure is presented to achieve both desired load capacity and linear characteristics, while balancing the compactness requirement. The improved design also achieves the desired slew rate besides faster response and improved stability.


Abstract: A well-known challenge is to predict the transformations occurring during the metal alloys welding aiming to control the weldment properties. Thus, this study presents a Thermo-Mechanical-Metallurgical model to numerically predict the thermal history, the solid-state phase transformations, the solidification microstructure and the hardness distribution during and after the welding of high strength low-alloy steels. The model was numerically implemented in an in-house computational code based on the Finite Volume Method, which allowed to dynamically track and calculate the volume fractions of ferrite, pearlite, bainite and martensite at the heat-affected zone, besides the formation and determination of dendrite arm spacing at the fusion zone, whereas the hardness distribution at the heat-affected zone was calculated by applying the phase mixture rule. For this, single-pass autogenous Gas Tungsten Arc Welding welds were numerically simulated and experimentally carried out on high strength low-alloy AISI 4130 steel samples, including their preheating to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model to simulate the workpieces welding in different initial thermal conditions and a close agreement between the calculated and experimental results were obtained.


T3 and T3i spaces are characterized in terms of a Wall man compactifi- cation of a r, space X. For a P, space (X, IT) consider the Wallman compactification (x, (X*, %)) (3) consisting of the set X* of all ultraclosed filters on (X, ?T), the topology % on X* generated by {(/*: U E ?T} where U* = {f E X*: U E ). Theorem 1. JSf is P3i iff X* is completely T2 relative to x(X)-


The present invention relates to a modular furniture using prefabricated furniture connectors and their connectors, pole configure a connector and the connector comprising a cross-connector, and pole end connections are but a number formed is formed in a cylindrical shape along the circumference of the fitting grooves open laterally , the fitting groove and the center-side end face is wider form than the outer cross-section, the cross connector is configured as a integrally formed with the fitting projections of the cross-sectional structure corresponding to the fitting groove of the body and the pole connector forming a seating groove, wherein the connector , prepare the serodae and plates of the bar, plate of the bar structure, serodae and assemble the poles connector on the top, and seating and fixing the bar in the recess of the cross fittings, the fitting projection of the cross connector in the fitting groove of the pole connector and the seat fitting connecting serodae with the keeper, Paul placed the connector and the plate with the bar top, by constructing a prefabricated furniture such as desks, workstations, chairs, dining tables, and easy disassembly and assembly, coupled to the cross connector Paul fittings to assemble the modular furniture of various structures depending on the angle to which, by fitting the projection of the cross-connector to be mounted into the fitting hole of the pole connector structure, is prevented from shaking, and excellent reliability and durability.


In comparison with either Great Britain or the United States relatively little attention has been given to the problems of public utilities by Canadian economists, business men, and governments. In part, this is due to the outstanding success of some of the publicly owned utilities like Ontario Hydro, Toronto Transportation Commission, and Winnipeg Municipal Electric and, at the same time, to the doubtful value of such public enterprises as the Canadian National. Our experience with these concerns has tended to focus attention on individual cases rather than on public utilities as a group. Another explanation of the comparative neglect of this field of study is the constitutional framework. In the United States, it has been necessary to prove to conservatively minded courts, first, that the business in question comes within the vaguely defined category of public utilities, and then that the rates set by the regulatory commission have not infringed the Fourteenth Amendment that no person shall be deprived of property without due process of law. Under the British system of government, legislation bringing business under government control and the decisions of commissions regarding rates are, within broad limits, accepted by the courts as valid. Thus the virtually continuous litigation over public utility rates in the United States has been absent in Canada. Despite this relative neglect, Canadian governments have not by any means entirely disregarded the control of public utilities. The federal government has set up the Board of Transport Commissioners which, since 1904, has supervised the rates, fares, and charges of railways under Dominion jurisdiction. For the most part the Board has dealt with relation of rates inter se . Nevertheless, it has occasionally considered the general level and in the main has accepted the revenue needs of the Canadian Pacific as a basis for rates. In effect it uses the prudent investment of the low cost line for rate-making purposes, but it has not attempted to arrive at either an accurate valuation or a precise figure for a reasonable rate of return. It has almost completely avoided the theoretical and practical difficulties of original cost, cost of reproduction new, and other valuation problems.


iV Blocybernetic Factors in Human Perception and Memory SUMMARY This project is concerned with the dovclopment of the biocyber-netic concepts and techniques required for the analysis and training of skills useful for the manipulation and cntrol of concrete memory functions. Our effort has been concentrated on those aspects of concrete memory which could be expected to make a substantial contribution to practical volitional memory and we plan to bring them under stronger individual control. To realize the bi^cybernetic expansion of human memory, we choose to use the real-time computerized monitoring and feedback of spatial and temporal cues that serve as keys to memory retrieval. A PDP-15 computer system has been selected and purchased for this purpose. The selection of this computer system is based on its real-time capability. This technical report is concerned with the development of soft-\ ^re and hardware for our purpose and the preliminary tests of some new techniques in r;al-time monitoring and prediction of brain states via real-time on-line analysis of electroencephalographic signals. The PDP-15 computer system is an 18-bit computer with unique capabilities suited to high-speed data acquisition and processing. The system which we have purchased has a core memory of 16K words complemented with several processors and peripherals to handle our needs.' The most significant feature is the RSX-15 (phase II) software system which makes the real-time monitoring possible. We have also developed special software and designed hardware for interfacing laboratory instruments. Details of these software/hardware combination are described in the report. ii A new technique for real-time monitoring of brain states has been developed and partially implemented. This technique involves the realization of a discrete "phase-locked loop" system. The requirement of real-time processing has confronted us with many technical challenges. We have overcome some of them; others remain to be solved. These real-time monitoring and prediction scheme is described in detail in this report. Other methods such as the use of autoregressive processes for modeling have been investigated. It is also described in the report. Preliminary works on eye-movement tracking have been completed. Extensive work in this area is to be followed. We give a somewhat detailed account of the preliminary eye-movement measurement scheme in the report. In conclusion, our work has proceeded as planned in the proposal except that delays have been caused by the late delivery of the PDP-15. There is also the delay caused by diverting our effort to writing …


The authorship attribution (AA) problem can be viewed as a categorization problem. To determine the most effective features to discriminate between different authors, we have evaluated six independent feature-scoring selection functions (information gain, pointwise mutual information, odds ratio, χ2, DIA, and the document frequency (df)). To compare these approaches, we have selected articles related to sports in a newspaper corpus (La Stampa). Using the KL divergence [1] as attribution scheme, we found that the df selection strategy tends to produce high performance levels similar to more complex ones.


The invention QOF (Quasi-Orthogonal Function) When run out, in particular orthogonal Walsh code number available for a packet data service in a mobile communication system for simultaneously transmitting a high-speed packet data service and a circuit call service relates to a mobile communication system, Walsh to an apparatus and method using a code. The present invention relates to a method for using QOF (Quasi-Orthogonal Function) Walsh code when the orthogonal Walsh code number available for a packet data service is low, the orthogonal Walsh code other than the orthogonal Walsh codes to be used first for circuit calls used to obtain a packet data rate (DR1) in the case of the packet data service. Next QOF packet data transmission rate in the case when using the Walsh codes in consideration of the power reduction factor (K) assigned to a relative packet generated by an increase in interference (interference) the amount of packet data services using QOF Walsh code (DR2 ) determined. Transmits packet data to be obtained if the respective calculated data rate DR1 and DR2 of the higher data rates than. At this time, let the data rate is characterized by transmitting information about whether or not to use the information and QOF Walsh code. QOF (Quasi-Orthogonal Function) C / I of a signal assigned a Walsh code, a packet data rate, packet power


Wire-like SnO2 is fabricated by the wet chemical method. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the obtained samples have rutile-type structure. Electron transmission microscopy experiments illustrate that the wire-like SnO2 ranged from 10 to 50 nm in width and several microns (µm) in length. The high-resolution TEM indicates that SnO2 wires are single crystals. The possible growth mechanism is proposed, and it is found that polyethylene glycol plays an important role in obtaining the wire-like and nano-rods morphology of SnO2. The band gap is determined to be 3.56 eV. Two photoluminescence peaks located at 389 and 470 nm are observed. Our fabrication method promises a simple way of synthesizing wire-like SnO2 at a low temperature of 350°C.


The importance of language learning strategies in English language learning has been proven and emphasized worldwide. Students' language learning strategies are one of the key dimensions for successful language learning. This paper researches the language learning strategies employed by practical English majors at vocational institutions, with the aim to facilitate the students' language learning and to promote learner autonomy.


Background: Building on Honneth's "Theory of recognition", we identified strong associations between lack of recognition in the work place and several health indicators. In this study we tested the hypothesis that these associations vary as a function of job uncertainty level which we suppose to modify the recognition processes. Methods: Longitudinal and cross-sectional data from BELSTRESS III study (N=2876) were analyzed by way of logistic regressions. 4 recognition dimensions (social esteem, rights, existential recognition from colleagues, and supervisors) were included as factors. Absenteeism, presenteeism, SPH, back pain and depression were included as outcomes. Stratifications for job insecurity and globalization were applied. Findings: All 4 recognition dimensions were strongly associated with all health indicators (ORs between 1.21 and 3.93) but, contrary to our hypothesis, no variation in associations' strength was observed for stratified data. Discussion: More research is needed for better grasp the specificities of the link between recognition in the workplace and health when these dynamics are embedded within the novel work forms in the post-taylorist labor market.


S>Convection effects were studied in nucleate, transition, and film boiling. Organic liquids in a low pressure system were used since their peak boiling flux is 1/10 to 1/5 that of water. Tests show that the surface temperature in a nuclear reactor will surge from a peak nucleate value to a much higher one in film boiling at a slightly higher heat flux. When decreasing the flux below the minimum point, the temperature will drop suddenly and low nucleate boiling will occur. An expression was developed to correlate forced-convection peak nucleate boiling. (N.W.R.)


In the current machine-centric world, humans expect a lot from machines right from waking us up. We expect them to do activities like reminding us on traffic, tracking of appointments, etc. The smart devices we have with us are creating a constructive impact on our day-to-day lives. Many of us have not thought about the communication between ourselves and the devices we have and the language we use for communication. Natural language processing runs behind all these activities and is currently playing a vital role with respect to the communication with humans with the use of virtual assistants like Alexa, Siri, and search engines like Bing, Google, etc. This implies that we are talking with the machines as if they are human. The advanced natural language processing techniques have drastically modified the way to discover and interact with data. In the recent world, the same advanced techniques are primarily used in the data analysis using NLP in business intelligence tools. This chapter elaborates the significance of natural language processing in business intelligence.


In this paper, a numerical ecient method based on two-dimensional block-pulse functions (BPFs) is proposed to approximate a solution of the two-dimensional linear stochastic Volterra-Fredhol m


An essential aspect of deepening the level of economic integration between European economies is the reduction of mutual economic disparities, which is especially emphasized by the formation of the supranational monetary authority of the Euro-zone member states. However, fixing the currency for the euro and losing monetary sovereignty in the circumstances of a structurally heterogeneous system meant that the same monetary policy provoked different repercussions for member states. This research aims to point out the differences in the exchange rate transmission mechanism between the representatives of two groups of Euro-zone member states: the core of the EZ (Germany, Finland, Belgium, and France) and the periphery of the EZ (Greece, Spain, Portugal, Ireland), in the 1999M1-2021M1 time horizon. Empirical findings are based on estimates of the VAR model, i.e. derived impulse response functions in the circumstances of shock transmission (nominal effective exchange rate) to inflation (consumer price index). The results of the research indicate the asymmetry of the exchange rate transmission mechanism in terms of a more pronounced and longer degree of exposure of peripheral economies to shocks of the nominal exchange rate compared to the representatives of the core of the Euro-zone. Empirical findings confirm the asymmetry of the exchange rate transmission mechanism as one of the indicators of the weakness of the Euro-zone, given the inflationary diversity and the consequent anomalies of the monetary union with heterogeneous membership.


This work presents a 3D computational/mathematical model to solve the heat diffusion equation with phase change, considering metal addition, complex geometry, and thermal properties varying with temperature. The finite volume method was used and the computational code was implemented in C


It is quite paramount to understand the need and importance of sustainability and landscapes. In the designs and patterns of landscapes, approaches to identify and quantify landscape sustainability must be utilized. In religious environments including churches, landscapes differ, with varying adoptions of landscape elements. The aim of this study is to assess the sustainability of landscape designs in three selected Anglican churches in Ibadan. The methodology employed was qualitative approach, and data was collected from primary sources. The study revealed the levels of importance that have been placed on landscape design in these case studies for varying reasons. Hence it is recommended that there is a need for a rejuvenated sustainable landscape design strategy that would be incorporated from the beginning in the wholistic design of a church.


The need for thorough geotechnical site investigations for piling projects is emphasised. Some hypothetical examples are presented to demonstrate the occurrence the additional piling costs which offset savings gained through inadequate site investigations.


Based on the reality of non-major mathe matics instruction,the paper mainly expounds the methods of exploring and practising on teaching advanced mathematics from four aspects with examples.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the experiential nature of knowledge creating interaction and to introduce a framework to explore it theoretically coherently with hermeneutic phenomenology and Hans-Georg Gadamer's concept of play. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a literature-based conceptual analysis of the concept of play. Gadamerian conception is related with the descriptions of knowledge creating interaction in the research of knowledge management and with the uses of the concept of play in the field of Library and Information Science (LIS). Theoretical analysis is applied in this study to structure the argumentation. Findings – This study illustrates how the preconceptions of experiences and different modes of being in interaction are implicitly present in the research of knowledge creation (KC) in the descriptions of interaction and human factors enhancing KC. A framework for examining KC in organizational circumstances is developed based on the hermeneutic phenome...


Part 1: Session I -- Wednesday morning. First 4:29 of tests and silence have been cut from recording. Recording begins part way through Colorado State University President A. R. Chamberlain's welcome, 0:00-7:39. Chairman Victor A. Koelzer's introduction of Warren Hall, Acting Director of Office of Water Resources Research, 7:40-9:44. "Theme-setting Address" by Warren Hall, 9:45-41:46. Sound muffled, 14:57-35:04. Hall away from microphone and unintelligible, 23:58-35:04. Koelzer gives announcements and allows statement by Larry Moss of California Sierra Club, 41:47-45:09. Evan Vlachos introduces first set of scenario papers, 45:10-48:45.